Extra Edge Biology

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Biology Extra Edge

Pre-Medical

Biology Extra Edge S.No.

Contents

Page

Plant diversity

1

02.

Animal diversity, Frog and Earthworm

9

03.

Morphology of flowering plants

14

04.

Plant anatomy

18

05.

Animal tissue

22

06.

Cockroach

24

07.

Cell Biology

25

08.

Biomolecules

29

09.

Plant physiology

31

10.

Digestion and Absorption

37

11.

Breathing & Exchange of gases

39

12.

Body fluid & Circulation

42

13.

Excretion & their elimination

45

14.

Endocrine system

47

15.

Skeletal system

16.

Muscles

17.

Nervous system

52

18.

Sense organ

55

19.

Reproduction in organisms

56

20.

Life cycle of angiosperm

57

21.

Human reproduction system

60

22.

Reproductive health

65

23.

Principles of Inheritance and Variations

66

24.

Molecular basis of Inheritance

72

25.

Origin and Evolution

78

26.

Human health & Disease

81

27.

Plant breeding

85

28.

Domestication of animals

87

29.

Microbes in Human welfare

88

30.

Biotechnology

89

31.

Ecology

93

A

LL

EN

01.

49 51

(i)

®  Pre-Medical

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LL

EN

Biology Extra Edge

A

All rights including trademark and copyrights and rights of translation etc. reserved and vested exclusively with Allen Career Institute Private Limited. (Allen) No part of this work may be copied, reproduced, adapted, abridged or translated, transcribed, transmitted, stored or distributed in any form retrieval system, computer system, photographic or other system or transmitted in any form or by any means whether electronic, magnetic, chemical or manual, mechanical, digital, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, or stood in any retrieval system of any nature without the written permission of the Allen Career Institute Private Limited. Any breach will entail legal action and prosecution without further notice. This work is sold/distributed by Allen Career Institute Private Limited subject to the condition and undertaking given by the student that all proprietary rights (under the Trademark Act, 1999 and Copyright Act, 1957) of the work shall be exclusively belong to Allen Career Institute Private Limited. Neither the Study Materials and/or Test Series and/or the contents nor any part thereof i.e. work shall be reproduced, modify, re-publish, sub-license, upload on website, broadcast, post, transmit, disseminate, distribute, sell in market, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means for reproducing or making multiple copies of it. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this work may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Any violation or infringement of the propriety rights of Allen shall be punishable under Section- 29 & 52 of the Trademark Act, 1999 and under Section- 51, 58 & 63 of the Copyright Act, 1957 and any other Act applicable in India. All disputes are subjected to the exclusive jurisdiction of courts, tribunals and forums at Kota, Rajasthan only. Note:- This publication is meant for educational and learning purposes. All reasonable care and diligence have been taken while editing and printing this publication. Allen Career Institute Private Limited shall not hold any responsibility for any error that may have inadvertently crept in. Allen Career Institute Private Limited is not responsible for the consequences of any action taken on the basis of this publication.

(ii)

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Biology : Plant Diversity

Pre-Medical

PLANT DIVERISTY 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Fungi and members of the

Statement-I : The form and size of algae is

Monera and Protista having cell walls have now

highly variable, ranging from colonial forms like

been excluded from Plantae, although according

Ulothrix and Spirogyra and to the filamentous

to earlier classifications they were placed in the

forms like Volvox.

same kingdom. Statement-II classification

:

The

used

earliest

only

systems

gross

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II

of

:

Aniosogamous

of

reproduction is found in Eudorina.

superficial

morphological characters such as habit, colour,

In the light of the above statements, choose the

number and shape of leaves etc.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

(1) Both

below:

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

EN

(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. (2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. Given below are two statements:

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

LL

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

4.

correct.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I : Natural classification systems also

Statement-I : Agar is one of the commercial

based on evolutionary relationships between the

products

various organisms.

phaeophyceae.

A

2.

type

obtained

from

members

of

Statement-II : In numerical taxonomy each

Statement-II : Major pigments chlorophyll a, d

character is given equal importance and at the same

and phycoerythrin is found in the members of

time hundreds of characters can be considered.

phaeopyceae.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

Statement-I

and

statement-II

are

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct.

correct. (2) Both

(1) Both (2) Both

Statement-I

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

1

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Biology : Plant Diversity

Pre-Medical

5.

7.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

members of

Statement-I : Bryophytes are also called

chlorophyceae have one or more storage bodies

amphibians of plant kingdom because these

called pyrenoids located in the chloroplasts.

plants can live in soil but are dependent on water

Statement-II : Cell wall of members of

for sexual reproduction.

rhodophyceae is made up of cellulose, pectin and

Statement-II : The leaves in pteridophyta are

polysulphate esters.

small

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(macrophylls) as in selaginella.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

(1) Both

Most of

Statement-I

and

the

Statement-II

(2) Both

(microphylls)

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

statement-II

in

ferns

or

large

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct.

are

(2) Both

incorrect.

Statement-I

incorrect.

EN

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

correct. Given below are two statements:

correct.

algae are unicellular.

8.

LL

Statement-I : The red thalli of most of the red

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Algae are non embryophytes,

Statement-II : Sexual reproduction in red algae

atracheophytes,

is isogamous and accompanied by complex post

homosporous.

fertilisation.

Statement-II

spermatophytes :

and

Sex organs of algae are

multicellular and jacketed.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

A

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

(2) Both

Statement-I

and

statement-II

are

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

below: (1) Both

correct.

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

2

as

below:

are

correct.

6.

Given below are two statements:

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Biology : Plant Diversity

9.

Pre-Medical

11.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Mosses along with lichens are the

Statement-I : Most of the Pteridophytes are

first organisms to colonise rocks and hence are

tracheophytes,

of great ecological importance.

spermatophytes cryptogams.

Statement-II : Gammae are unicellular, asexual

Statement-II : Prothallus is inconspicuous,

buds which develop in small receptacles called

small

gemma cups located on the thalli.

photosynthetic thalloid gametophyte.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

(2) Both

but

(1) Both

correct.

embryophytes,

multicellular,

Statement-I

heterosporous,

free

living,

mostly

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct.

Statement-I

and

statement-II

are

(2) Both

incorrect.

Statement-I

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

EN

incorrect.

incorrect.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

12.

Given below are two statements:

embryophytes

and

cryptogams.

LL

Statement-I : Bryophytes are atracheophyte, non

spermatophyte

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Selaginella and Salvinia are

homosporous pteridophytes. Statement-II

:

Gymnosperms

are

Statement-II : Protonema is creeping, green,

tracheophytes,

branched and frequently filamentous stage.

spermatophytes phanerogams.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

A

10.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

Statement-I

and

statement-II

are

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

Statement-I

heterosporous,

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct.

correct. (2) Both

(1) Both

embryophytes,

(2) Both

Statement-I

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

3

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Biology : Plant Diversity

Pre-Medical

13.

15.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Unlike

bryophytes

and

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

pteridophytes, in gymnosperms the male and female

gametophytes

do

not

have

Reason (R).

an

Assertion (A) : Cyanobacteria that are referred

independent free living existence.

to as blue green algae are not "algae" anymore.

Statement-II : Pinus is monoecious and Cycas

Reason (R) : All unicellular prokaryotes are

is dioecious.

placed in kingdom Monera and algae are placed

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given

in kingdom Plantae

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

most appropriate answer from the options

are

correct. (2) Both

given below :

Statement-I

and

statement-II

are

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

incorrect.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

EN

incorrect.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. 14.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements:

16.

unique to angiosperms.

LL

Statement-I : Double fertilisation event is

Statement-II : While most algal genera are haplontic, some of them such as ectocarpus,

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Artificial system of classification separated closely related species.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : Artificial system of classification

most appropriate answer from the options given

was based on a few characterstics.

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

A

polysiphonia, kelps are haplo-diplontic.

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

most appropriate answer from the options given below :

incorrect.

4

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

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Biology : Plant Diversity

17.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

19.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason (R).

Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Most algal genera are haplontic.

Assertion (A) : Majority of pteriodophytes are

Reason (R) : In algae, mitosis in zygote results

heterosporous.

in the formation of diploid spores, the diploid

Reason (R) : Genera like selaginella and salvinia

spores divide meiotically to form gametophyte.

produce two kinds of spores, macro (large) and

In the light of the above statements, choose the

micro (small).

most appropriate answer from the options

In the light of the above statements, choose the

given below :

most appropriate answer from the options

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

EN

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

Reason (R).

correct explanation of (A).

20.

LL

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Assertion (A) : Mosses are of great ecological

Reason (R).

importance.

Assertion (A) : In heterosporous pteridophytes,

Reason (R) : Mosses along with lichens are the

gametophyte is dioecious.

first

They

Reason (R) : The female gametophytes in

decompose rocks making the substrate suitable

heterosporous pteridophytes, are retained on

for the growth of higher plants.

parent sporophyte for variable periods.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

organisms

to

colonise

rocks.

A

18.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

5

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Biology : Plant Diversity

Pre-Medical

21.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

23.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason (R).

Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : In gymnosperms endosperm is

Assertion (A) : Sexual reproduction in Ulothrix

haploid.

and spirogyra is oogamous.

Reason (R) : In gymnosperms within the

Reason (R) : Male and female gametes are

megasporangium, megaspore mother cell divides

flagellated and similar in size (as in Ulothrix) or

meiotically to form four haploid megaspores, one

non flagellated (non motile) but similar in size (as

of the megaspores develops into a multicellular

in spirogyra).

female gametophyte.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

24.

LL

correct explanation of (A). 22.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

A

Assertion (A) : Bryophytes are also called amphibians of plant kingdom.

Reason (R) : Bryophytes can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Natural classification systems were not based on natural affinities among the organisms and

evolutionary

between

various organisms. (b) In Volvox, Fucus sexual reproduction is oogamous. (c) In numerical taxonomy, each character is given equal importance and at the same time hundreds of characters can be considered. (d) In

algae,

asexual

reproduction

is

by

production of different types of spores, the most common being the conidia. (e) Atleast half of the total carbon di-oxide fixation on earth is carried out by algae through photosynthesis.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

Choose the correct answer from the options

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

given below :

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(1) (a) and (b) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (b), (c) and (e) only

6

relationship

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Biology : Plant Diversity

25.

Pre-Medical

27.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Red

colour

of

predominance

red of

algae the

is

red

due

(a) The main plant body of the bryophytes is

to

haploid.

pigment

(b) In bryophytes, zygotes do not undergo

fucoxanthin. (b) Chlorella is a multicellular alga rich in

reduction division immediately and they

proteins is used as food supplement even by

produce

space travallers.

sporophyte.

a

multicellular

body

called

(c) In Selaginella, Equisetum sporophylls may

(c) Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an outer layer of cellulose and an

form

inner layer of pectose.

strobili or cones.

distinct

compact

structures

called

(d) Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum are

(d) In red algae food is stored as floridean starch which is very similar to amylopectin and

liverworts.

glycogen in structure.

(e) In mosses rhizoids are unbranched and

(e) Fucus is a brown alga shows haplo-diplontic

unicellular.

life cycle.

Choose the correct answer from options given below :

below :

(1) (a), (b) and (c) only

EN

Choose the correct answer from options given (1) (a), (b) and (c)

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (e)

(3) (d) and (e) only (4) (a), (b) and (d) only

(3) only (d) (4) (c) and (d) only

28.

Identify the correct set of statements :

LL

(a) Polysiphonia, Porphyra are red algae, and

Laminaria, Sargassum are brown algae.

(b) Asexual reproduction in most brown algae is

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Pteridophytes

are

first

spermatophytes

evolutionarily.

(b) In

homosporous

pteridophytes,

spores

germinate to give rise to inconspicuous, small

by biflagellated zoospores that are pear

but

shaped and have two equal laterally attached

photosynthetic thalloid gameteophytes called

flagella.

prothallus.

A

26.

Identify the correct set of statements :

(c) The plant body of bryophytes is less differentiated than pteriodophytes. (d) Species of Gelidium, a moss provide peat that have long been used as fuel. (e) Marchantia, is the leafy member of liverworts

multicellular,

free

living

mostly

(c) Majority of pteriodophytes are homosporous. (d) Homosporous

pteridophyes

show

event

precursor to the seed habit. (e) Equisetum belongs to class lycopsida. Choose the correct answer from options given

has tiny leaf like appendages in two rows on

below :

stem like structure.

(1) (a), (d) and (e) only

Choose the correct answer from options given

(2) (b) and (c) only

below :

(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(1) (a) and (c) only

(4) (b), (c) and (d) only

(2) (b), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b) and (c) only (4) (c) only

7

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Biology : Plant Diversity

Pre-Medical

29.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) One of the gymnosperms, the gaint red wood tree sequoia is one of the tallest tree species. (b) Gymnosperms are heterosporous cryptogams. (c) Gymnosperms are evolutionarily last archegoniate plant group. (d) Pteridophytes are evolutionarily last antheridial plant group. (e) The stems are unbranched in Cycas and branched in Pinus and Cedrus. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b) and (d) only (2) (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only (4) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Roots in some genera have fungal association in the form of mycorrhiza (like Cycas), while in some others (like Pinus) small specialised roots called coralloid roots are associated with N2–fixing cyanobacteria. (b) In gymnosperms the multicellular female gametophytes is also retained within megasporangium. (c) In gymniosperms endoseprms represents female gametophyte. (d) Gymnosperms show anemophilous pollination. (e) In Cycas the pinnate leaves persist for few year. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only (2) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (4) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e)

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Angiosperms range in size form the smallest

Wolfia to tall tree like Eucalyptus. (Over 100 meter) (b) In angiosperms embryo sac has three celled egg apparatus which includes one egg cell and two synergids. (c) In angiosperms endosperm is haploid and it represents the female gametophyte. (d) Double fertilization event is unique

to

gymnosperms. (e) In angiosperms zygote develops into embryo and PEN develops into endosperm which provides nourishment to developing embryo. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only (2) (a), (b) and (e) only

EN

30.

31.

(3) (b) and (e) only (4) (a), (c) and (e) only

32.

Identify the correct set of statements :

A

LL

(a) In

spirogyra

sporophytic

generation

is

represented only by one called zygote. (b) Fucus is a brown alga shows diplontic life cycle.

(c) Bryophytes and pteridophytes show diplontic life cycle. (d) Ectocarpus, haplodiplontic. (e) Gymnosperms

polysiphonia, and

kelps

angiosperms

are show

haplontic life cycle. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b) and (e) only (2) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b) and (d) only (4) (b) and (d) only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

8

1 1 16 4 31 2

2 1 17 2 32 3

3 4 18 4

4 2 19 3

5 1 20 1

6 2 21 4

7 3 22 4

8 2 23 3

9 3 24 4

10 1 25 3

11 4 26 1

12 4 27 1

13 1 28 2

14 1 29 4

15 4 30 3

®



Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm

Pre-Medical

ANIMAL DIVERSITY, FROG AND EARTHWORM 1.

Given below are two statements:

2.

Statement-I : All multicellular organisms are animals. Statement-II : All of animals exhibit the same pattern of organisation of cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements:

3.

Statement-I : In diploblastic animals cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm. Statement-II : Coelenterates, Ctenophores and Platyhelminthes are diploblastic phylums. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Hemichordata was earlier considered as subphylum under non-chordata, but now it is placed as a separate phylum under chordata. Statement-II : Body of hemichordates composed of anterior proboscis, a collar and a long trunk. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In cephalochordate notochord is persistent throughout their life. Statement-II : Branchiostoma is an example of cephalochordata In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : All chordates are vertebrates but all vertebrates are not chordates. Statement-II : Sub phylum urochordata and cephalochordate are often referred as protochordata. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

EN

4.

A

LL

5.

Statement-I : The most distinct feature of echinoderms is the presence of water canal system. Statement-II : Echinodermata exhibits radial or bilateral symmetry depending on the stage. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

6.

9

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Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm

7.

Given below are two statements:

10.

8.

Statement-I : Petromyzon and Myxine both are members of the subphylum cyclostomata. Statement-II : Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth without jaws. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements:

9.

Statement-I : The ventral surface of earthworm is distinguished by the presence of dorsal blood vessel. Which is present on ventral side. Statement-II : The first body segment of earthworm is called as prostomium. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements:



Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Frog shows aestivation and hibernation. Statement-II : The female frogs can be distinguished by the presence of sound producing vocal sac which are absent in male frogs. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct. 11.

Given below are two statements:

EN

Statement-I : In female frog the ureters and oviduct open seperately in the cloaca. Statement-II : On land frogs can respire by buccal cavity, skin and lungs. In the light of the above statements, choose the

A

LL

most appropriate answer from the options given

Statement-I : In earthworm small narrow tube, oesophagus continues into a muscular crop and gizzard. Statement-II : Typhlosole in the earthworm's intestine increases the effective surface area of absorption. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

10

below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct. 12.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Frogs exhibit sexual dimorphism. (b) Male frogs have copulatory pad on the first digit of the fore limbs. (c) In male frogs the ureters and ejaculatory ducts open seperately in the cloaca. (d) Frogs are ureotelic animals. (e) External ear is absent in frogs and only tympanum can be seen externally. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

®

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Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm

13.

Pre-Medical

16.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) A mature female frog can lay 2500 to 3000 ova at a time.

(a) Members of phylum porifera are commonly

(b) In frogs fertilization is internal.

(b) Members of phylum porifera are exclusively

known as sponges.

(c) There are 20 pairs of cranial nerves in frog. (d) In male frog number of vasa efferentia are

marine. (c) Asexual reproduction is absent in sponges.

10-12.

(d) Sponges have water transport system.

(e) Endocrine glands are not found in frogs.

(e) In water transport system water enters

Choose the correct answer from options given

through minute pores, these minute pores

below :

known as osculum.

(1) a and d only

14.

(2) b, c, d and e only (3) a, b, d and e only

Choose the correct answer from options given

(4) b and c only

(1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

Identify the correct set of statements :

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

below :

(a) In earthworm only two types of nephridia are present.

17.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Spongilla is a fresh water sponge.

(b) In mature earthworm, segments 14,15,16

EN

(b) Cnidarians exhibit two basic body form called

are called as clitellum. (c) In earthworm a single female genital pore is

polyp and medusa.

(c) Cnidarians

th

present in the midventral line of 14 segment.

exhibit

organ

level

of

organisation.

(d) Cnidoblast cells are present on the tentacles

LL

(d) Earthworm exhibits open type of blood circulatory system. (e) In mature earthworm blood gland are absent.

and the body.

(e) Cnidoblasts are used for anchorage, defense and for the capture of prey.

Choose the correct answer from options given below :

Choose the correct answer from options given

(1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

below :

(4) b and c only

(1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

A

(3) a, b, d and e only 15.

Identify the correct set of statements :

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) In open type of blood circulatory system blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameters. (b) Aschelminthes animals are pseudocoelomate. (c) When any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the animal into two identical halves, it is called radial symmetry. (d) Platyhelminthes to chordates are triploblastic animals. (e) Coelenterates, symmetry.

ctenophores

have

radial

18.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Pennatula and Gorgonia are commonly known as sea-pen and sea-fan respectively. (b) Corals belongs to phylum coelenterata. (c) Hydra, Auralia, obelia and Meandrina all are example of phylum ctenophora. (d) Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form. (e) Medusa is a umbrella-shaped and free swimming form. Choose the correct answer from options given

Choose the correct answer from options given

below :

below : (1) a and d only

(1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

11

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

Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm

Pre-Medical

19.

22.

Identify the correct set of statements :

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(a) Comb plates of ctenophores are internally

Reason(R) .

present and they helps in digestion of food. (b) Ctenophores

are

exclusively

Assertion (A) : Development of earthworm is

marine

direct.

organisms. (c) Asexual

reproduction

is

absent

Reason (R) : In earthworm larval stage is

in

absent.

ctenophores. (d) In

round

worms

flame

cells

help

In the light of the above statements, choose the

in

correct answer from the options given below :

osmoregulation and excretion.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not

(e) Taenia, Fasciola, Ascaris and Wuchereria all

correct explanation of (A).

belong to same phylum.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and d only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) a, b, d and e only

(4) b and c only

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Mollusca is a second largest phylum.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). 23.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

(b) In cartilagenons fishes skin is tough and contains minute placoid scales. (c) Birds are poikilothermic animals.

Assertion (A) : The alimentary canal of frog is short.

Reason (R) : Frogs are herbivores animals.

(d) In osteichthyes, airbladder is present which

In the light of the above statements, choose the

LL

regulate buoyancy.

(e) Pneumatic bones are present in birds.

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and d only 21.

correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) b and c only

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

A

(3) a, b, d and e only

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

EN

20.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : In earthworm testes and ovaries are present in the same individual. Reason (R) : Earthworm is a hermaphrodite animal. In the light of the above statements, choose the

24.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion

(A)

:

Sponges

are

primitive

multicellular animals. Reason (R) : Sponges are mostly asymmetrical animals. In the light of the above statements, choose the

correct answer from the options given below :

correct answer from the options given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

12

correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm

25.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

26.

Assertion (A) : Hydra and Auralia are classified as coelenterate. Reason (R) : Hydra and Auralia have cnidoblast cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled

28.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Arthropods are bilaterally symmetrical animals. Reason (R) : Body of arthropod animals can be divided into identical left and right halves in only one plane. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled

EN

Assertion (A) : Members of phylum ctenophora are also called as comb jellies. Reason (R) : Body of ctenophores is delicate and have internal row of comb plates. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled

27.

A

LL

29.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R).

Assertion (A) : Water vascular system helps in locomotion, capture and transport of food and respiration. Reason (R) : The presence of water vascular system is most unique feature of porifera.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Members of phylum mollusca have segmented body. Reason (R) : The body of molluscs is divided into head, muscular foot and visceral hump. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

1 1 16 1

2 2 17 3

3 3 18 3

4 3 19 4

5 4 20 3

6 3 21 4

7 3 22 4

8 1 23 2

9 3 24 1

10 2 25 4

11 4 26 2

12 3 27 2

13 1 28 4

14 4 29 3

15 2

13

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

Biology : Morphology of flowering plant

Pre-Medical

MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANT 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In some plants, like grass,

Statement-I : Micropyle is a scar on the seed

monstera and banyan roots arise from radicle.

coat through which the developing seeds are

Statement-II : Epidermal cells of region of

attached to the fruit, above the micropyle is a

elongation in root form very fine and delicate,

small pore called the hilum.

thread like structures called root hairs.

Statement-II : Opposite phyllotaxy is found in

In the light of the above statements, choose the

calotropis and whorled phyllotaxy is found in

most appropriate answer from the options given

Alstonia.

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

most appropriate answer from the options given

are

below:

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

and

statement-II

(1) Both

are

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

incorrect.

(2) Both

Statement-I

EN

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

incorrect.

correct. Given below are two statements:

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

LL

Statement-I : Underground stems of some plants such as grass and strawberry etc., spread

4.

Given below are two statements:

to new niches and when older parts die new

Statement-I : Superior ovary is found in

plants are formed.

mustard, china rose, brinjal and inferior ovary is

Statement-II : In Pistia and Eichhornia the

A

2.

Given below are two statements:

found in guava, ray florets of sunflower.

lateral branches originate from the basal and

Statement-II : Mustard, datura, chilli have

underground portion of the main stem, grows

actinomorphic flowers and canna has asymmetric

horizontally beneath the soil and the come out

flower.

obliquely upward giving rise to leafy shoots.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

Statement-II

are

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

14

and

Statement-II

are

and

Statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

and

Statement-I Statement-I

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

®



Biology : Morphology of flowering plant

5.

Pre-Medical

7.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Epipetalous androecium is found

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

in belladonna, ashwagandha.

Reason (R).

Statement-II : Epitepalous androcium is found

Assertion (A) : In some plants such as

in sesbania, Trifolium.

Australian acacia, the leaves are small and short

In the light of the above statements, choose the

lived.

most appropriate answer from the options given

Reason (R) : Leaves of certain insectivorous

below: (1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

plants such as pitcher plant, are also modified

are

into pitcher.

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

In the light of the above statements, choose the

are

most appropriate answer from the options

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

given below :

incorrect.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is

correct explanation of (A).

EN

correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

8.

LL

Assertion (A) : The zone, proximal to region of

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

elongation in root, is called the region of

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

maturation.

Reason (R).

Reason (R) : The cells of elongation zone

Assertion (A) : Cymose type of inflorescence

gradually differentiate and mature and form

peduncle shows limited growth.

region of maturation.

Reason (R) : In cymose type of inflorescence

A

6.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

the main axis terminates into a flower. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

15

®



Biology : Morphology of flowering plant

Pre-Medical

9.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

11.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(a) Ovary is half inferior in plum, rose, peach.

Reason (R).

(b) If the margins of sepals and petals overlap one another but not in a particular direction

Assertion (A) : In mustard, chinarose and

as in cassia and gulmohar, the aestivation is

brinjal ovary is said to be superior.

called imbricate.

Reason (R) : Gynoecium is situated in the

(c) A sterile stamen is called staminate.

centre and other parts of flowers are located on

(d) In Dianthus and Primrose the placentation is

the rim of thalamus almost at the same level.

parietal.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(e) In mango and coconut fruit is known as legume.

most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Choose the correct answer from options given

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

below : (1) (a) and (b) only

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) only

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Identify the correct set of statements :

(3) (b), (c), (d) only

EN

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

10.

Identify the correct set of statements :

12.

LL

(a) In Rhizophora pneumatophores help to get

(4) (a) and (e) only

oxygen for respiration.

(b) The region of stem where leaves are borne are called internodes.

A

(c) In plants like mint and jasmine a slender lateral branch arises from the base of the main axis and after growing aerially for some time arch downwards to touch the ground.

(d) In pinnately compound leaf, the leaflets are attached at a common point, i.e. at the tip of petiole, as in silk cotton. (e) In racemose type of inflorescence the main

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) In plants such as bean, gram and pea, the endosperm is present in mature seeds and such seeds are called endospermous.

(b) Embryo in monocot seed consists of one large and shield shaped cotyledon known as epiblast and a short axis with plumule and a radicle. (c) The fruit in muliathi is legume and seed is endospermic. (d) Diadelphous androecium is the feature of brassicaceae family. (e) After fertilization ovules develop into fruit and ovary matures into seeds. Choose the correct answer from options given

axis continues to grow, the flowers are borne

below :

in an acropetal succession.

(1) All are correct

Choose the correct answer from options given

(2) All are incorrect

below :

(3) (a), (c), (d) are correct

(1) (a) and (d) only

(2) (b), (c), (d) only

(3) (b), (d) and (e) only

(4) (a), (c) and (e) only

16

(4) only (c) is incorrect

®



Biology : Morphology of flowering plant

13.

Pre-Medical

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Lupin, sweet pea are the medicinal plants belong to solanaceae family.

P(3+3) A3+3 G (2) is the floral formula

(b) Br⊕

of Liliaceae family. (c) Petunia is an ornamental plant belongs to solanaceae family. (d) Epipetalous androecium is found in liliaceae and epitepalous androecium is found in solanaceae. (e) %

K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1 is the floral formula

of fabaceae family.

EN

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b) and (d) only (2) (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (c) and (e) only

A

LL

(4) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 2

2 3

3 4

4 1

5 3

6 4

7 1

8 4

9 2

10 4

11 1

12 2

13 3

17

®



Biology : Plant Anatomy

Pre-Medical

PLANT ANATOMY 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : During the formation of leaves

Statement-I : In roots the arrangement of

and elongation of stems, some cells left behind

primary xylem is endarch and in stem it is

from shoot apical meristem, constitute the

exarch.

axillary bud.

Statement-II

Statement-II : Fascicular vascular cambium,

possesses a peripheral cytoplasm and a large

inter fascicular cambium and cork cambium are

vacuole and a nucleus.

examples of lateral meristems.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

(2) Both

Statement-I

and

statement-II

A

Statement-I

mature

sieve

element

and

Statement-II

are

are

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

incorrect.

EN

(2) Both

:

correct.

correct. incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

incorrect.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

correct.

LL

4.

Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

Statement-I : Collenchyma occurs in layers

epidermal cells along with the veins modify

below

themselves into large empty, colourless cells.

the

epidermis

in

most

of

the

monocotyledonous plants.

:

In

grasses,

certain

adaxial

These are called bulliform cells.

A

2.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II : Sclereids are found in the fruit

Statement-II : All tissues on the outerside of

walls of nuts, pulp of fruits like guava, pear and

endodermis such as pericycle, vascular bundles

sapota, seed coats of legumes and leaves of tea.

and pith constitute the stele.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

18

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

incorrect.

correct.

(1) Both (2) Both

Statement-I

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

®



Biology : Plant Anatomy

5.

Pre-Medical

7.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In isobilateral leaf there is no

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

differentiation

Reason (R).

into

palisade

and

spongy

parenchyma.

Assertion (A) : The companion cells help in

Statement-II : The spring wood is darker in

maintaining pressure gradient in sieve tubes.

colour and has a lower density whereas the

Reason (R) : The sieve tube elements and

autumn wood is lighter and has a higher density.

companion cells are connected by pit fields

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given

present between their common longitudinal

below:

walls.

(1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

In the light of the above statements, choose the

are

most appropriate answer from the options

correct. (2) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

given below :

incorrect.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

correct explanation of (A).

EN

incorrect.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

Reason (R).

correct explanation of (A).

8.

LL

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Assertion (A) : In roots the arrangement of primary xylem is exarch.

Reason (R) : In roots, the protoxylem lies

A

6.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

towards the centre (pith) and the metaxylem lies towards the primary of the organ.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : In dicot stems, vascular bundles are said to be open. Reason (R) : In dicot stems cambium is present between phloem and xylem. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

19

®



Biology : Plant Anatomy

Pre-Medical

9.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled

11.

(a) Phloem in angiosperms is composed of sieve

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

tube elements, companion cells, phloem

Reason (R).

parenchyma and phloem fibres.

Assertion (A) : The amount of secondary

(b) Phloem

parenchyma

is

made

up

of

phloem produced is more than secondary xylem

elongated, tapering cylindrical cells which

and

have dense cytoplasm and nucleus.

soon

forms

a

compact

mass

during

secondary growth in dicot stems.

(c) Phloem

fibres

are

generally

absent

in

Reason (R) : The cambium in dicot stems is

secondary phloem but present in primary

generally more active on the inner side than on

phloem. (d) Xylem fibres of jute, flax and hemp are used

the outer.

commercially.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(e) The stomatal pore, guard cells and the

most appropriate answer from the options

surrounding subsidiary cells are together

given below :

called stomatal aperture.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

Choose the correct answer from options given

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

below :

correct explanation of (A).

(1) (a) and (b) only (2) (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Both

apical

12.

meristems

and

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) The tangential as well as radial walls of the

intercalary

endodermal cells have a deposition of water

meristems are primary meristems because

impermeable, waxy material lignin in the

they appear early in life of a plant and

form of casparian strip.

A

contribute to the formation of the primary plant body.

(b) Parenchyma consists of cells which are much thickened at the corners due to a deposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. (c) The sclerenchyma performs various functions like photosynthesis, storage, secretion. (d) The sclerenchymatous fibres are thick walled, elongated

and

pointed

cells,

generally

(b) In dicotyledonous roots there are usually two to four xylem and phloem patches. (c) In monocot stem the cells of the endodermis are rich in starch grains and the layer is also referred to as the starch sheath. (d) In dicot leaves, certain adaxial epidermal cells along the veins modify themselves into large, empty, colourless cells. These are called bulliform cells. (e) The activity of cambium is under control of

occurring in group, in various parts of the

many

plant.

factors.

(e) Tracheids are living cells with protoplasm. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b) and (d) only

(2) (a) and (d) only

(3) (b), (c) and (e) only

(4) (b), (c) and (d) only

20

(4) (a), (b) and (c) only

LL

10.

Identify the correct set of statements :

physiological

and

environmental

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) only (2) (b) and (e) only (3) (a), (b) and (e) only (4) (a), (c) and (d) only

®



Biology : Plant Anatomy

13.

Pre-Medical

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) The cork is impervious to water due to water due to suberin deposition in the cell wall. (b) Lenticles permit exchange of gases between the outer atmosphere and the internal tissue of the stem. These occur in most herbaceous plants. (c) Sapwood does not conduct water but it gives mechanical support to the stem. (d) In dicot root, the vascular cambium is completely secondary in origin. (e) Bark is a non-technical term that refers to all tissues inner to the vascular cambium. Choose the correct answer from options given below :

EN

(1) (a), (c) and (d) only (2) (b), (c) and (e) only (3) (a) only

A

LL

(4) (a) and (d) only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 1

2 4

3 2

4 3

5 3

6 2

7 1

8 4

9 3

10 2

11 1

12 2

13 4

21

®



Biology : Animal Tissue

Pre-Medical

ANIMAL TISSUE 1.

Given below are two statements –

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Statement I : Tissues are organised in specific

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are

proportion and pattern to form organ.

incorrect.

Statement II : Epithelia are sheet like tissues

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is

lining the body's surface and its cavities, ducts

incorrect. (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is

and tubes.

correct.

In the light of above statements, choose the

(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct.

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are incorrect.

4.

Statement I : Adipose tissue serves as a support

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is

framework for epithelium.

incorrect.

Statement II : In all connective tissue except

(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is

blood the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins called collagen or elastin.

EN

correct.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct. 2.

Given below are two statements –

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are incorrect.

Statement I : Neuroglia make up more than

Statement II : The bone marrow in all bones is

(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is

LL

one half the volume of neural tissue in our body.

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect.

the site of production of blood cells.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

A

correct answer from the option given below.

(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are incorrect.

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect. (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct. 3.

Given below are two statements –

Given below are two statements – Statement I : Bones have a solid and pliable ground substances rich in calcium salts and collagen fibre. Statement II : Most of cartilages in vertebrate embryos are replaced by bone in adults.

22

5.

correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct. Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion(A) : Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialised for secretion. Reason (R) : Columnar epithelium is commonly found in duct of glands and tubular part of nephron in kidneys. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

®



Biology : Animal Tissue

6.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as

8.

Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion(A) : Simple squamous epithelium involves in function like forming a diffusion boundary. Reason (R) : Simple squamous epithelium is made of a single thin layer of flattened cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

9.

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 7.

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

10.

LL

Assertion(A) : Compound epithelium has a limited role in secretion and absorption. Reason

(R)

:

Compound

epithelium

is

multilayered and it’s main function is to provide

protection against chemical and mechanical

A

stress.

Identify the correct set of statements. (a) Loose connective tissue has cells and fibres compactly arranged in a semi-fluid ground substance. (b) Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones. (c) Chondrocytes are enclosed in small cavities within the matrix. (d) All cells in epithelium are held together with the little intercellular material. Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (1) (a) and (b) only (2) (a) and (d) only (3) (a), (b) and (c) only (4) (b), (c) and (d) only Read the following statements carefully: (a) Cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in duct of glands and tubular part of nephron. (b) Ciliated epithelium is found in inner lining of stomach and intestine. (c) Simple columnar epithelium is composed of a single layer of tall and slender cells. (d) Squamous epithelium is found in inner surface of bronchioles and fallopian tube. Choose an option from the options given below having incorrect statements only. (1) (a) and (c) only (2) (b) and (d) only (3) (b), (c) and (d) (4) (a), (b) and (c) Identify correct set of statements. (a) In nearly all animal tissues specialised junction provide both structural and functional links between its individual cells. (b) Gap junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue. (c) Tight junctions perform connecting the cytoplasm to keep neighbouring cells together. (d) Epithelium tissue are most abundant and widely distributed in the body of complex animals. Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b) and (c) only (3) (a) only (4) (a), (c) and (d) only

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 4

2 2

3 3

4 3

5 2

6 4

7 4

8 4

9 2

10 3

23

®



Biology :

Pre-Medical

COCKROACH 1.

Assertion (A) : If the head of cockroach is cut

4.

off, it will remain alive for as long as one week. Reason (R): The head of cockroach hold only a bit of nervous system. (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) (2) Both (A) and (B) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of A (3) (A) is true, but (R) is false (4) (A) is false, but (R) is true Assertion (A) : Eggs of cockroach are encased

2.

in capsules called ootheca Reason (R): Ootheca is a dark reddish to

5.

and select the option as correct and incorrect :I. Blood vascular system is of open type. II. Malpighian tubules help in the removal of excretory product from the haemolymph. III. They bear no eyes. IV. Females bear mushroom glands and males bear collaterial glands. (1) I correct and II, III and IV are incorrect. (2) I and II are incorrect, but II and IV are correct (3) I and II are correct, but III and IV are incorrect (4) I, II, III and IV are incorrect Read the following statements about cockroach : Statement-I : In male cockroach, a characteristic mushroom shaped gland is present in the 6th-7th abdominal segments. Which functions as an accessory reproductive gland. Statement-II : Blood from sinuses enter heart through ostia and is pumped anteriorly to sinuses again. Choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In cockroach the haemolymph is composed of colourless plasma and haemocytes. Statement-II : In female cockroach each ovary is formed of a group of ten ovarian tubules or ovarioles, containing a chain of developing ova. Choose the correct answer from the option given below :(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

EN

blackish brown capsule. (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) (2) Both (A) and (B) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of A (3) (A) is true, but (R) is false (4) (A) is false, but (R) is true Select the incorrect statements about the hind

Consider the given statements about Periplaneta

3.

A

LL

wings of cockroach :I. These are broad. II. They are not used in flying III. They are also known as mesothoracic wings IV. They are transparent and membranous (1) Only I (2) II and III (3) I and IV (4) I, II, III and IV

6.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

24

1 1

2 2

3 2

4 3

5 4

6 2

®



Biology : Cell Biology

Pre-Medical

CELL BIOLOGY 1.

(1) Both

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Ribosomes

are

known

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

most appropriate answer from the options given 4.

below: Statement-II

are

is

double

is more permeable.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

In the light of the above statements, choose the

correct.

most appropriate answer from the options given

EN

(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. Given below are two statements:

below:

(1) Both

Statement-I : Nucleus is called to be controller or director of cell.

most appropriate answer from the options given and

Statement-II

A

Statement-I

are

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

Statement-II

are

incorrect.

In the light of the above statements, choose the below:

and

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

LL

in origin.

Statement-I

correct.

Statement-II : Golgi complex is endosymbiont

5.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Periplasmic space in bacteria contain enzyme similar to lysosome. Statement-II : Heterophagosomes are formed by fusion of primary lysosome and phagosome. In the light of the above statements, choose the

correct. 3.

Chloroplast

Statement-II : Inner membrane of chloroplast

incorrect.

correct.

:

membranous structure.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) Both

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

correct.

2.

are

incorrect.

H2O and O2 with the help of catalase enzyme.

and

Statement-II

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

Statement-II : Peroxisomes degrade H2O2 into

Statement-I

and

correct.

as

organelle within organelle.

(1) Both

Statement-I

(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

most appropriate answer from the options given

Given below are two statements:

below:

Statement-I : Oxidative phosphorylation take

(1) Both

take place in

chloroplast. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

place in mitochondria. Statement-II : Calvin cycle

Statement-I

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

25

®



Biology : Cell Biology

Pre-Medical

6.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Membrane of lysosome is known as tonoplast. Statement-II : Contractile vacuole helps in

correct explanation of (A).

osmoregulation.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

most appropriate answer from the options given

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

below: (1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

correct explanation of (A). 9.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

Reason(R) .

incorrect.

Assertion (A) : Fluid mosaic model is most widely accepted model of plasma membrane. Reason (R) : It states that protein icebergs are present in mosaic pattern in the sea of glycolipid. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. Given below are two statements:

EN

(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. 7.

Statement-I : Mitochondria and chloroplasts are called semi autonomous cell organelles.

correct explanation of (A).

Statement-II : Golgi complex is called suicidal

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

LL

bag of cell.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

most appropriate answer from the options given

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

below: Statement-I

correct.

and

Statement-II

are

A

(1) Both

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. 8.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Middle lamellae is like cementing material between two adjacent plant cells. Reason (R) : Plasmodesmata traverse cell wall and middle lamellae.

10.

correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Replication of DNA during cell division occur in s-phage of interphase. Reason (R) : Histone proteins are synthesized during G1 phase of interphase. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

26

®



Biology : Cell Biology

11.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(1) all a, b, c & d are correct

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(2) b, c and d are correct

Reason(R) .

(3) only c and d are correct

Assertion (A) : Mitotic divisions are called equational division. Reason (R) : When the number of chromosomes are equal in both parent and daughter cell, it is called equational division. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(4) a, c and d are correct 14.

followings. (a) In meiosis-I, division of chromosomes take place. (b) Usually meiosis-I is called reduction division (c) Meiosis occur in those cells which take part in gametogenesis.

correct explanation of (A).

(d) The gap between meiosis-I and meiosis-II is

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

called interkinesis

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Choose the correct answer from the given

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

options below.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

15.

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Cytoplasmic division in animals occur by constriction and furrow formation. Reason (R) : Cytokinesis in animals occur in centripetal order. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(2) b, c & d

(3) only c and d

(4) only d

Identify for correct set of statements regarding phases of cell cycle.

A

LL

(a) Interphase is known as resting phase

correct explanation of (A).

(b) During interphase, cell prepares itself for cell divisions by cell growth (c) In

M

phase,

both

karyokinesis

(d) In cytokinesis, nucleus is divided Choose the correct answer from the given options below.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(1) a, b, c and d

(2) b, c & d

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

(3) a, b & d

(4) a, b & c

Identify for correct

set

of

16. statements

for

endoplasmic reticulum (a) ER is known as system of membranes (b) It has cis-trans face (c) Ribosomes are present on the surface of RER (d) SER are the sites of synthesis of lipids and cholesterols Choose the correct answer from the given options below.

and

cytokinesis occur

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

correct explanation of (A). 13.

(1) a, b, c & d

EN

correct explanation of (A). 12.

Identify for correct set of statements from

Identify the correct set of answer for meiosis (a) It involves two sequential cycles of nuclear and cytoplasm division called as meiosis-I and meiosis-II (b) It involves two cycles of DNA replication (c) It involves recombination and crossing over (d) Four haploid cells are formed after completion of meiotic division from one diploid parent cell. Choose the correct answer from the given options below. (1) a, c & d (2) a, b & d (3) a, b & c

(4) all a, b, c & d

27

®



Biology : Cell Biology

Pre-Medical

17.

Identify the correct set of statements out of

18.

Identify the correct set of statements out of

followings regarding to prophase-I

followings :-

(a) Longest chromosomes are seen in leptotene

(a) Maximum arm ratio exhibited by acrocentric

(b) Zygotene is also called bouquet stage

chromosomes

(c) Synaptonemal complex is formed between

(b) Human cells (2n) has two genomes and each

homologous chromosomes (d)

Recombinase

enzyme

genome consists fourty six chromosomes

is

necessary

(c) Nucleolar organizer regions are not present

for

on each human chromosomes

recobination process (e) Nucleolous becomes disappear in diakinesis

(d) Secondary constriction is present at the place

Choose the correct answer from the given

of centromere

options below.

(e) Each centromere posses two protein discs

(1) a, b, c & e

(2) a, c, d & e

(3) only a & d

(4) b, c, d & e

called kinetochores Choose the correct answer from the given options below. (1) b, c, d & e

EN

(2) a, b, c & d (3) a, c & e

A

LL

(4) a, b & c

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

28

1 1 16 1

2 2 17 2

3 1 18 3

4 2

5 1

6 3

7 2

8 1

9 2

10 2

11 4

12 1

13 4

14 2

15 4

®



Biology : Biomolecules

Pre-Medical

BIOMOLECULES 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The compounds made up of

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

C,H and O have H : O = 2 : 1 are called

Reason(R) .

hydrates of carbon.

Assertion (A) : The lipids obtained from

Statement-II : Complex carbohydrates are very

animals contain more quantity of saturated fatty

sweet in taste.

acids.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : The lipids obtained from plants

most appropriate answer from the options given

contain more quantity of unsaturated fatty acids.

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

most appropriate answer from the options

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

given below :

incorrect.

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

(4) Both

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

incorrect.

are

correct explanation of (A).

4.

LL

Statement-I : Acetone dihydroxy is a type of triose sugar.

Statement-II : Glycogen is animal starch which is a polymer of α-D glucose.

A

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. Statement-I

incorrect.

and

Statement-II

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Cholesterol is a type of derived lipids. Reason (R) : Cholesterol is abundantly present is brain, nervous tissue, adrenal gland and skin.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

(4) Both

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

Given below are two statements:

below:

correct explanation of (A).

EN

correct.

2.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

are

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

29

®



Biology : Biomolecules

Pre-Medical

6.

Identify the correct set of statements out of

Identify the correct set of statements out of

followings :

followings :

(a) C, H, O and N are present in proteins

(a) Primary structure of protein is like a long straight chain

(b) Proteins are hetero polymers of amino acids

(b) Secondary structure of protein looks like

(c) Glycine and serine are essential amino acids

zig-zag

(d) Histidine is alkaline and glutamine is acidic in

(c) Tertiary structure of protein are insoluble in

nature.

water

Choose the correct answer from the given

(d) Maximum proteins present in protoplasm

options below (1) a, b, c and d

(2) b, c and d

(3) a, c and d

(4) a, b and d

show secondary structure Choose the correct answer from the given options below : (2) only a and b

(3) b, c and d

(4) a, b, c and d all

LL

EN

(1) a, b and d

A

5.

ANSWER KEY

30

Que.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Ans.

2

1

1

1

4

2

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

Pre-Medical

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1.

4.

5.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The concentration of the essential element above which plant growth is retarded is termed as critical concentration. Statement-II : Chlorosis is the loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In the first phase, an initial rapid uptake of ions into the free space or outer space of cells, the apoplast is passive. Statement-II : Mineral salts are translocated through xylem along with the ascending stream of water. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The NADP reductase enzyme is located on the lumen side of thylakoid membrane. Statement-II : The ATP synthase enzyme consist of two parts : one called the CF0 and the other portion is called CF1. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

3.

A

LL

EN

2.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Over small distances substances move by diffusion and by cytoplasmic streaming supplemented by active transport. Statement-II : Transport over longer distance proceeds through the vascular system and is called translocation. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The porins are proteins that form large pores in the inner membrane of the plastids, mitochondria and some bacteria. Statement-II : Diffusion is a rapid process and dependent on a living system. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The immediate cause of the opening or closing of stomata is a change in the turgidity of the guard cells. Statement-II : Usually the upper surface of a dorsiventral leaf has a greater number of stomata. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

6.

31

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

Pre-Medical

7.

10.

11.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The TCA cycle starts with the condensation of pyruvic acid with oxaloacetic acid and water to yield citric acid. Statement-II : TCA cycle occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Plant growth is unique because plants retain the capacity for unlimited growth throughout their life. Statement-II : Growth, at a cellular level, is principally a consequence of increase in the amount of protoplasm. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : One single maize root apical meristem can give rise to more than 17,500 new cell per day. Statement-II : Cells in watermelon may increase in size by upto 3,50,000 times. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

9.

A

LL

EN

8.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The particularly large cells around the vascular bundles of the C4 plants are called bundle sheath cells. Statement-II : C4 plants lack a process called photorespiration. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : C3 plants respond to higher CO2 concentration by showing increased rates of photosynthesis leading to higher productivity. Statement-II : C4 plants respond to lower temperature and show higher rate of photosynthesis. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In anaerobic organism, glycolysis is the only process in respiration. Statement-II : In glycolysis, glucose undergoes complete oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

32

12.

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

13.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

15.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Imbibition is also diffusion since

Assertion (A) : In PSI, the reaction centre

water movement is along a

chloroplyll a has an absorption peak at 700 nm,

concentration

gradient.

hence is called P700.

Reason (R) : Water potential gradient between

Reason (R) : In PSII it has absorption maxima

absorbent and the liquid imbibed is not essential

at 680 nm and is called P680.

for imbibition.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

16.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : In C4 plants photorespiration

LL

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Assertion (A) : Root pressure do not play a

does not occur.

major role in water movement up tall trees.

Reason (R) : C4 plants have a mechanism that

Reason (R) : Root pressure, at best only

increase the concentration of CO2 at the enzyme

provide a modest push in the overall process of

site.

water transport.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

A

14.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

33

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

Pre-Medical

17.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

19.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : The enzyme nitrogenase is

Assertion (A) : It would be better to consider

highly sensitive to the molecular oxygen.

the

Reason (R) : The nodules have adaptations that

pathway.

ensure that the nitrogenase enzyme is protected

Reason (R) : The respiratory pathway is

from oxygen.

involved in both anabolism and catabolism.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

EN

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

respiratory pathway as an amphibolic

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

20.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion

(A)

:

LL

18.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Assertion (A) : Development is a term that

depends upon the type of respiratory substrate

includes all changes that an organism goes

used during respiration.

through during its life cycle.

A

The respiratory quotient

Reason (R) : When carbohydrates are used as

Reason (R) : Plants follow different pathways in

substrate and are completely oxidised, the RQ

response to environment or phases of life to

will be 1.

form different kinds of structure.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A).

34

correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

21.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

23.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Vernalisation refers specially to the promotion of flowering by a period of high temperature. Reason (R) : Vernalisation prevents precocious reproductive development late in the growing season. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options 24.

given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

LL

Identify the correct set of statements :

(a) Diffusion rates are affected by the gradient of concentration.

(b) Water channels are made up of four different types of aquaporins.

A

22.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) If a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure is applied to pure water or a solution, its water potential decreases. (b) If the external solution balances the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm, it is said to be hypotonic. (c) Water, minerals and food are generally moved by a bulk flow. (d) The symplastic system is the system of inter connected protoplasts. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and b only (2) c and d only (3) b, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d all Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Plant absorb calcium from the soil in the +2 form of calcium ions (Ca ). (b) Any mineral ion concentration in tissues that reduces the dry weight of tissues by 20% is considered toxic. (c) Necrosis or death of tissue is due to deficiency of Ca, Mg, Cu, K. (d) The essential element must not be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and b only (2) c and d only (3) a and c only (4) b and d only Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Increases in incident light beyond a point cause the breakdown of chloroplyll and a decrease in photosynthesis. (b) The primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants is a 3-C molecule phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) and is present in bundle sheath cells. (c) To make one molecule of glucose, 6 turns of calvin cycle are required. (d) The regeneration step require two ATP for phosphorylation to form RuBP. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c only (2) a and c only (3) b and d only (4) a, b, c and d all

(c) Active transport is carried out by specific membrane proteins.

(d) The water potential of pure water at standard temperature, which is not under any pressure is taken to be zero. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a , c and d only

(2) b, c and d only

(3) a, b and d only

(4) a, b and c only

25.

35

®



Biology : Plant Physiology

Pre-Medical

26.

29.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Auxins helps to prevent fruits and leaf drop at early stages but promote the abscission of older mature leaves and fruits. (b) 2, 4-D widely used to kill monocotyledonous weeds, does not affect mature dicotyledonous plants. (c) GA3 is used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry. (d) Spraying sugarcane crop gibberellins increase the length of the stem. Choose the correct answer from options given below :

30.

(1) a, b and c only

(2) a, c and d only

(3) b, c and d only

(4) a, b and d only

Identify the correct set of statements :

EN

27.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) There is very little transport of gases form one plant part to another. (b) The complete oxidation of glucose produces CO2 and H2O as end products. (c) Yeast poison themselves to death when the concentration of alcohol reaches about 13 percent. + (d) NADH is oxidised to NAD rather slowly in fermentation, however the reaction is very vigorous in case of aerobic respiration. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c only (2) b, c and d only (3) a, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d Identify the correct set of statements : (a) The compounds that are oxidised during respiration are known as respiratory substrates. (b) In fermentation, say by yeast, the incomplete oxidation of glucose is achieved under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions where pyruvic acid is converted to ethanol & CO2. (c) During the conversion of succinyl CoA to succinic acid, a molecule of GTP is synthesised. (d) Citric acid is the first member of TCA cycle. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, c and d only (2) a, b and c only (3) b, c and d only (4) c and d only Identify the correct set of statements : (a) A sigmoid curve is a characteristic of living organisms growing in a natural environment. (b) Differentiated cells can regain the capacity to divide is termed as dedifferentiation. (c) The plant growth regulators are small simple molecules of diverse chemical composition. (d) Auxin was isolated by F.W. Went from tips of coleoptiles of oat seedlings. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c only (2) b, c and d only (3) a, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d

helps

to

promote

apical

dominance.

(b) Ethylene is synthesised in large amounts by

LL

tissues undergoing senescence and ripening

A

28.

(a) Cytokinins

fruit.

(c) ABA plays and important role in seed development, maturation and dormancy. (d) Seed dormancy is when seeds fails to germinate even with external conditions are favourable. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c only

(2) b, c and d only

(3) a, c and d only

(4) a, b and d only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

36

1 4 16 4

2 1 17 1

3 2 18 1

4 3 19 4

5 4 20 1

6 3 21 3

7 4 22 1

8 2 23 2

9 2 24 3

10 1 25 2

11 4 26 4

12 3 27 2

13 2 28 4

14 4 29 2

15 1 30 2

®



Biology : Digestion & Absorption

Pre-Medical

DIGESTION & ABSORPTION 1.

Which of the following statement is not incorrect

4.

correct option (a) In gastric glands parietal cells secret proenzyme pepsinogen (b) Stomach stores food for 7-8 hours & mixes food with acidic gastric juice (c) Rennin is a proteolytic enzyme found in gastric juice of infants as well as adults (d) Mucus neck cells in stomach secret mucus & HCl (1) a & b correct, c & d incorrect (2) c and d correct, a & b incorrect (3) only b is correct, a, c, d incorrect (4) all are incorrect

(a) Human digestive system consists of alimentary canal only (b) Oral cavity has a number of teeth & muscular tongue (c) Mouth leads to pharynx (d) Humans have incomplete alimentary canal

2.

(1) a & b

(2) b & c

(3) b only

(4) a, b and c

Given below are two statements: + Statement-I : Glucose, amino acids and Na are

absorbed from intestine into blood by active transport. Statement-II : Absorption of glucose & amino

5.

most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

A

3.

LL

(3) Both Statement-I and II both are correct. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct.

Assertion (A) : Vomitting is ejection of stomach contents through mouth & is a reflex action.

Read the following statements and choose the correct option (a) Liver is largest gland, situated in abdominal cavity just below the stomach (b) Structural & functional unit of liver is hepatic lobule (c) In human, bile duct and pancreatic duct open separately in the duodenum (d) Each hepatic lobule is covered by a thin connective tissue sheath called the Glisson’s capsule (1) only a and b correct (2) only a, b and d correct (3) only b and d correct (4) all are correct Given below are two statements:

EN

acids never occurs by simple diffusion. In the light of the above statements, choose the

Read the following statements and choose the

Reason (R) : Indigestion is due to spicy food, over eating or food poisoning. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

6.

Statement-I : In wall of alimentary canal, serosa is outermost mesothelium.

layer

made

of

thin

Statement-II : Muscularis layer in stomach has outer circular muscle and inner longitudinal muscle. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are correct.

37

®



Biology : Digestion & Absorption

Pre-Medical

7.

9.

Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Statement-I : Salivary glands are situated inside

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

buccal cavity & secrete salivary juice into it.

Reason(R) .

Statement-II : Saliva is mainly produced by

Assertion

parotid, sub maxillary and sub lingual glands.

digested food takes place in small intestine due to

In the light of the above statements, choose the

enormously increased surface area.

most appropriate answer from the options given

Reason (R) : Mucosa layer forms villi in

below:

intestine

(1) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is

projections called microvilli.

correct.

which

:

Maximum absorption

has

numerous

of

microscopic

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(2) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

most appropriate answer from the options

(3) Both Statement-I and II both are correct.

given below :

(4) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

incorrect.

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.

Reason(R) . Assertion

EN

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

(A)

:

The

pancreas

is

correct explanation of (A).

a

10.

compound/mixed gland situated between the limbs of c-shaped duodenum.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Marasmus is caused by deficiency

Reason (R) : Exocrine part of pancreas secrete pancreatic

LL

alkaline

of proteins and calories.

juice/enzymes

while

Statement-II : Marasmus happens if mother

endocrine part secrete insulin & glucagon

has second pregnancy childbirth when first child

hormone.

is two years old.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options given

given below :

below:

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

(1) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

A

8.

(A)

correct explanation of (A).

incorrect.

(2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(2) Both Statement-I and II both are correct.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is

(3) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(4) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

38

1 3

2 2

3 1

4 4

5 3

6 2

7 1

8 1

9 4

10 1

®



Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases

Pre-Medical

BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Trachea is a straight tube

Statement-I : Volume of air remaining in the

extending upto the mid-Abdominal cavity, which

lungs even after a forcible inspiration is called

th

divides at the level of 5 Lumbar vertebra into a

residual volume this averages 1100 to 1200 ml.

right and left primary bronchi.

Statement-II : Volume of air that will remain in

Statement-II : The trachea, primary, secondary

the lungs after a normal expiration is called

and tertiary bronchi and initial bronchioles are

expiratory reserve volume.

supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

EN

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

correct.

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

are

LL

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

4.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The solubility of CO2 is 20-25

Statement-I : The anatomical setup of lungs in

times higher than that of O2

thorax is such that any change in the volume of

Statement-II : The amount of CO2 that can

the pulmonary cavity will be reflected in the

diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit

thoracic cavity.

difference in partial pressure is much higher

A

2.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II : Contraction of diaphragm and

compared to that of O2.

external inter costal muscles

In the light of the above statements, choose the

inspiration.

will help in

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

correct. Statement-I

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

incorrect.

(4) Both

incorrect.

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

39

are

®

Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases

5.

(c) Oxygen dissociation curve is highly useful in



Pre-Medical

Identify the correct set of statements :

studying the effect of factors like pCO2, [H+]

(a) The diffusion membrane is made up of two

and temperature on binding of O2 with

major layers.

haemoglobin.

(b) The total thickness of diffusion membrane is

(d) In the alveoli, where there is high pCO2, low

much more than a centimetre (c) All the factors in our body are favourable for

pO2, higher [H+] and low temperature are the

diffusion of O2 from alveoli to tissue and that

factors favourable for the formation of

of CO2 from tissue to alveoli.

oxy-haemoglobin. + (e) In tissues low pO2, high pCO2, high [H ] and

(d) About 93 % of O2 is transported by RBCs in

highter

a dissolved state through the plasma.

favourable for dissociation of O2 from Hb.

conditions

are

Choose the correct answer from options given

Choose the correct answer from options given

below :

below :

(1) a and b only

(2) b,C and d only

(1) Only a, c and e

(2) Only b and d

(3) a, b, d only

(4) only c

(3) a, b and d only

(4) a, b, c and d

Identify the correct set of statements :

8.

(a) Nearly 20-25% of CO2 is transported by RBCs.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

(b) 70% of CO2 is carried as bicarbonate in plasma. through plasma.

LL

(c) 7% of CO2 is carried in a dissolved state

(d) Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of four molecule of O2

Assertion (A) : The formation of bicarbonate mainly occurs in the RBC at the time of CO2

transport Reason (R) : RBCs contain a very high concentration of enzyme carbonic anhydrase and

primarily related to partial pressure of

minute quantities of the same is present in

A

(e) Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is oxygen.

Choose the correct answer from options given (1) a and b only

(2) b, c, d and e only

(3) a, b, c, d and e only

(4) b, d and e only

Identify the correct set of statements : + (a) Partial pressure of CO2, [H ] and temperature

are the factors which can interfere with the binding of O2 with Hb. (b) A sigmoid curve is obtained when partial pressure of pCO2 is plotted against the percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen.

40

plasma too. In the light of the above statements, choose the

below :

7.

temperature

EN

6.

the blood & remaining 7% of O2 is carried in

correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion

(A)

:

Pneumotaxic centre

Assertion (A) : The role of oxygen in the

can

moderate the functions of Respiratory rhythm

regulation

of

centre.

insignificant.

Reason (R) : Neutral signal from this centre can

Reason

reduce the duration of inspiration.

receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid

In the light of the above statements, choose the

artery can recognise changes in CO2 and [H+]

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below :

(R)

respiratory

:

rhythm

Chemosensitive

is

quite

area

and

EN

9.

Pre-Medical

10.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

LL

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

A

correct explanation of (A).

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 3

2 3

3 1

4 4

5 4

6 3

7 1

8 4

9 4

10 4

41

®



Biology : Body fluid & Circulation

Pre-Medical

BODY FLUID & CIRCULATION 1.

Read the following statements and choose the

4.

correct option -

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(a) Plasma consists of nearly 45% part of blood

Reason(R) .

(b) Fibrinogen, albumin & globulin are major

Assertion (A) : SAN is called as pacemaker.

proteins of plasma (c) Albumin

helps

in

osmotic

balance

Reason (R) : SAN is responsible for initiating &

&

retention of water in plasma

maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of

(d) Plasma without the clotting factors is called

the heart.

serum (1) only b and c correct (3) a, b & c correct 2.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(2) b, c & d correct

most appropriate answer from the options

(4) only c & d correct

Read the following statements and choose which

given below :

are not correct -

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(a) Plasma has 90 – 92% water & 6 – 8%

correct explanation of (A).

proteins

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

(b) Erythrocytes are called as formed elements & constitute 55% of blood

(3) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(c) Granulocytes include basophil, neutrophil & monocyte excessive blood loss

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and b

(2) b and c

(4) b, c and d

A

(3) c and d

(4) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.

5.

LL

(d) Reduction in number of platelets may cause

3.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called angina and affect blood vessels.

Choose the option which has all correct

++ Reason (R) : CAD is caused due to Ca , fat,

statements related to ECG -

cholesterol & fibrous tissue deposition in wall of

(a) QRS complex represents polarisation of

artery.

ventricles (b) ECG is graphical representation of electrical activity of heart (c) T-wave

represent

end

of

diastole

&

repolarisation (d) Number of QRS complexes is equal to number of heart beat of an individual. (1) a, b and d (2) b, c and d (3) b and c (4) b and d

42

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Body fluid & Circulation

6.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

8.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Statement-I : Cardiac output is blood volume

Reason(R) .

pumped by each ventricle per minute.

Assertion

(A)

:

Amphibians and reptiles

Statement-II : Body has the ability to alter

possess incomplete double circulation.

heart rate but not stroke volume.

Reason (R) : Deoxygenated and oxygenated

In the light of the above statements, choose the

blood in amphibians & reptiles mixes in single

most appropriate answer from the options given

ventricle & ventricle pump mix blood.

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

most appropriate answer from the options

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

given below :

incorrect.

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

correct explanation of (A).

correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

(4) Both

9.

Given below are two statements:

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Statement-I

EN

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Sympathetic nervous system can increase the strength of ventricular contraction &

+ when father is Rh¯ and mother is Rh .

cardiac output also.

Statement-II : Rh factor is found freely in blood

Statement-II : Adrenal medullary hormones

+ plasma of Rh men & women.

can decrease the cardiac output.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

LL

Statement-I : Rh incompatibility also observed

A

7.

Given below are two statements:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

and

Statement-II

are

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

43

are

®



Biology : Body fluid & Circulation

Pre-Medical

10.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Lymph is derived from blood vascular system & again drain back to the blood. Statement-II : Lymph is important carrier for nutrients, hormones & fatty acid etc. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

A

LL

EN

correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

44

1 2

2 2

3 4

4 3

5 3

6 4

7 1

8 2

9 2

10 4

®



Biology : Excretion and their Elimination

Pre-Medical

EXCRETION AND THEIR ELIMINATION 1.

4.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Ammonotelic animals excrete

Statement-I : Inside the kidney there are two

ammonia by diffusion across body surface or

zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The cortex extends in between the medullary paramids as renal columns called columns of Bertini. Statement-II : Both kidney has nearly one

through gill surface (in fish) as ammonium ions. Statement-II : Kidneys do not play any significant role in excretion in ammonotelic animals. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Mammals,

many

5. terrestrial

amphibians and marine fishes excrete urea and are called ureotelic animals.

Statement-II : Urea are produced in every cells of body during metabolic activities.

LL

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. Statement-I

correct. 3.

and

Statement-II

A

(4) Both

are

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I : Kidneys are dark brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic to last lumbar vertebra : Statement-II : Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm width and 2-3 cm in thickness with an average weight of 120-170 gm. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

and

million complex tubular structures called Nephrons. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Bowman's capsule along with Glomerulus is called Malpighian body or renal corpuscle (b) PCT is the most coiled part of nephron. (c) Malpighian corpuscles PCT and henle's loop of nephron are situated in the cortical part of kidney (d) In juxta medullary nephrons the loop of henles is very long and runs deep into the medulla. (e) A minute vessels of peritubular capillary network runs antiparallel to the Henle's loop called vasa recta. (1) a, b and d only (2) a, c and e only (3) a , b, c and e only (4) c, d and e only Identify the correct set of statements :

EN

2.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II

are

6.

(a) Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons. (b) The first step in urine formation is filtration of urine. Which is carried out by the glomerulus (c) On an average 1100-1200 ml urine is filtered by the kidneys per minute. (d) Glomerulus filtration rate is 1/5 the of cardiac output of each ventricles. (e) The epithelial cells of Glomerulus is called podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner so leave some slit pores. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b, c and d only (2) a only (3) a, d and e only (4) b, c, d and e only

45

®



Biology : Excretion and their Elimination

Pre-Medical

7.

9.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Henle's loop plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of medullary interstitial fluid. Reason (R) : RAAS leads to increase in blood

10.

pressure and GFR (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect. (4) (A) & (R) both are correct. Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion

(A)

A

LL

8.

46

1 4

2 2

3 3

4 2

5 1

6 2

7 3

Atrial

Natriuretic

Factor

of the heart can cause the release of ANF which cause vasodilation of blood vessels thereby decrease the blood pressure. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect. (4) (A) & (R) both are correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

:

mechanism acts as a check on the reninangiotensin mechanism. Reason (R) : Increase in blood flow to the atria

EN

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications. in PCT and the efferent arteriole at the location of their contact. (b) A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release rennin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby GFR back to normal. (c) Nearly 99% of the filtrate formed per day has to be reabsorbed by the renal tubules this is called reabsorption. + (d) Glucose, amino acid and Na reabsorbed actively. Whereas nitrogenous wastes are absorbed passively. (e) Tubular secretion help in the maintenance of ionic and acid base balance of body. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and e correct (2) a, b and c correct (3) c, d and e correct (4) b, c, d and e correct Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Maximum reabsorption occurs in PCT during urine formation. Reason (R) : PCT is highly coiled part which is lined by brush bordered epithelium which contain abundant mitochondria. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect. (4) (A) & (R) both are correct.

8 1

9 2

10 1

®



Biology : Endocrine system

Pre-Medical

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1.

4.

5.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The pineal gland is located on the dorsal side of forebrain. Statement-II : Pineal gland secretes a hormone called melatonin. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (2) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct. (3) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Identify the correct set of statements : (a) The thyroid gland is composed of four lobes. (b) The thyroid gland is composed of follicles and stromal tissues. (c) Thyroid hormone play an important role in the regulation of the basal metabolic rate. (d) Thyroid gland secretes a steroid hormone called thyrocalcitonin. (e) Thyroid hormones does not support the process of red blood cell formation. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b) and (c) only (3) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (4) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only Identify the correct set of statements : +2 (a) PTH decreases the Ca levels in the blood. (b) Thymus gland secrete thymosin hormone. (c) Adrenal medulla secretes cortisol. (d) Cortisol stimulates RBC production. (e) Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to complex disorder called diabetes insipidus. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b) and (d) only (3) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only (4) (a), (d), (b) and (e) only

3.

A

LL

EN

2.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals. Statement-II : Hormones act as intracellular messenger. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Hypothalamus is the basal part of cerebellum. Statement-II : Hormones produced by hypothalamus are of one type only, the releasing hormones. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Neurohypophysis stores and releases two hormones called prolactin and vasopressin. Statement-II : Pars intermedia secretes only one hormone called MSH. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. (2) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct. (3) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

6.

47

®



Biology : Endocrine system

Pre-Medical

7.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) A pair of testis is present in the scrotal sac. (b) Before ovulation, the ruptured follicle is converted into corpus luteum. (c) ANF decreases blood pressure. (d) Gastrin stimulates the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen. (e) Cortisol is steroid hormone. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only Given below are two statements: one is labelled

8.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

9.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

10.

Assertion (A) : Glucagon increases blood glucose level. Reason (R) : It stimulates glycogenolysis. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Assertion (A) : Insulin and cortisol are protein hormones. Reason (R) : Protein hormones interact with membrane bound receptors. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Reason (R).

A

LL

EN

Assertion (A) : Emergency hormones increases alertness and heart beat. Reason (R) : Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

48

1 2

2 1

3 2

4 4

5 2

6 2

7 3

8 3

9 4

10 1

®



Biology : Skeletal System

Pre-Medical

SKELETAL SYSTEM 1.

Given below are two statements –

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below.

2.

Statement I : Each rib is a thin, flat bone connected dorsally to vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum. Statement II : Each rib has two articulation surfaces on its ventral end and is hence called bicephalic. In the light of above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are incorrect. (2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect. (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct. Given below are two statements –

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 4.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Human skull is a dicondylic skull.

EN

Reason (R) : The skull region articulates with the superior region of the vertebral column with

Statement I : Scapula is a large, triangular, flat

the help of two occipital condyles.

bone.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below.

of thorax between the second and seventh rib.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

LL

Statement II : Scapula is situated in dorsal part

In the light of above statements, choose the

correct explanation of (A).

correct answer from the option given below.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

incorrect.

A

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect.

(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are correct. 3.

Given below are two statements. One is labelled

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : The 8 , 9 and 10 pairs of ribs th

th

th

are called vertebrochondral ribs (false ribs). Reason (R) : These pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but join the

5.

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Identify the correct set of statements. (a) Skeletal system consists of a framework of bones and few cartilages. (b) Sternum is a flat bone on the dorsal midline of thorax. (c) Thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum together form the rib cage. (d) Clavicle has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end (e) Each rib is a long slender bone with two curvatures. Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (1) (a), (b) and (c) only

(2) (a) and (c) only

(3) (c) and (d) only

(4) (c), (d) and (e) only

seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage.

49

®



Biology : Skeletal System

Pre-Medical

6.

Identify the incorrect set of statements. (a) First vertebrae is axis and it articulates with the occipetal condyles. (b) The number of cervical vertebrae are seven in almost all mammals including human beings. (c) The two halves of pelvic girdle meet dorsally to form the pubic symphysis. (d) Osteoporesis is an auto immune disorder. (e) Gout is inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals. Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (2) (a), (b) and (c)

(3) (b), (c) and (e)

(4) (a), (c) and (d)

A

LL

EN

(1) (b) and (e)

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

50

1 2

2 4

3 4

4 4

5 2

6 4

®



Biology : Muscles

Pre-Medical

MUSCLES 1.

3.

Given below are two statements –

Given below are two statements. One is labelled

Statement I : All locomotion are movement but

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

all movements are not locomotion.

Reason (R).

Statement II : Walking, running, climbing and

Assertion (A) : Increase Ca

swimming such types of voluntary movements

binding of calcium with a subunit of troponin on

are called locomotion.

actin filaments.

In the light of above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : Action potential spreads through

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are

the muscle fibre and causes the release of calcium ion into the sarcoplasm.

+2

level leads to the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

incorrect.

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

2. Given below are two statements –

EN

correct.

correct explanation of (A)

Statement I : Each myofibril has alternate dark

4.

Identify the correct set of statements. (a) Each myosin filament is also a polymerised

and light band on it.

protein.

Statement II : Myosin filaments are thinner as compared to the actin filaments.

(b) HMM

LL

incorrect.

A

(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is incorrect. (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is

correct. (4) Both statement – I and statement – II are

projects

outwards

(c) Troponin is filamentous protein and also run close to the 'F' actin filaments. (d) When new ATP binds with actin then cross bridge is broken. +2

are pumped back to sarcoplasmic (e) Ca cisternae resulting in the masking of actin filaments. Choose the correct answer from the options

correct.

given below. (1) (a), (c) and (d)

(2) (a), (b) and (d)

(3) (a), (b) and (e)

(4) (c) and (d)

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 4

2 2

at

regular distance and angle from each other from the surface of a myosin filament.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

correct answer from the option given below. (1) Both statement – I and statement – II are

component

3 1

4 3

51

®



Biology : Nervous system

Pre-Medical

NERVOUS SYSTEM 1.

4.

Given below are two statements:

5.

Statement-I : The neural organisation is very simple in higher vertebrates. Statement-II : The neural system is better organised in hydra. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The rise in the stimulus-induced permeability to K+ is extremely short-lived. Statement-II : The axoplasm inside the axon + contains high concentration of K and negatively + charged proteins and low concentration of Na . In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: one is labelled

3.

A

LL

EN

2.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The reflex pathway comprises at least one afferent neuron and one efferent neuron not appropriately arranged in a series. Statement-II : The afferent neuron receives signal from a sensory organ and transmits the impulse via a dorsal nerve root into the CNS. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Three major regions make up the brain stem : fore brain, pons and medulla oblongata. Statement-II : The medulla contains centres which control respiration and excretion only. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The midbrain is located between the thalamus/hypothalamus of the forebrain and pons. Statement-II : The dorsal portion of the midbrain consists mainly of four round swellings called corpora quadrigemina. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

52

6.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord. Reason (R) : The PNS comprises of all the nerves of the body associated with CNS. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Nervous system

Pre-Medical

7.

10.

11.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) In Hydra, neural organisation is composed of network of neurons. (b) Afferent nerves transmit impulses from CNS to tissues. (c) Somatic neural system relays impulses from CNS to smooth muscles. (d) The cell body contains Nissl's granules. (e) The myelinated nerve fibres are not enveloped with schwann cells. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Myelinated nerve fibres are found in autonomic and the somatic neural systems. (b) The gaps between two adjacent myelin sheaths are called nodes of Ranvier. (c) The axonal membrane is impermeable to negatively charged proteins present in the axoplasm. (d) Electrical synapses are rare in our system. (e) Synaptic cleft is present in chemical synapse. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across the electrical synapse. (b) The cerebral hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called corpus callosum. (c) The cerebral cortex is referred to as the white matter due to its whitish appearance. (d) The cerebrum wraps around a structure called thalamus. (e) The hypothalamus contains a number of centres. Which control body temperature, urge for eating and drinking. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only

9.

A

LL

EN

8.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Multipolar neurons are found in the cerebral cortex. Reason (R) : They consists of one axon and two or more dendrites. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Myelinated nerve fibres are enveloped with schwann cells which form a myelin sheath around the axon. Reason (R) : Myelin sheath does not increase the speed of conduction. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : A neuron is a microscopic structure composed of three major parts, namely, axon, dendrites and telodendria. Reason (R) : Short fibres which branch repeatedly and project out of the cell body are called dendrites. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

12.

53

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

Biology : Nervous system

Pre-Medical

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Limbic lobe consists of amygdala and pons. (b) Cerebral aqueduct passes through the midbrain. (c) The medulla contains centre which control respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretions. (d) Brain stem forms the connections between the cerebrum and midbrain. (e) Knee jerk reflex is polysynaptic reflex. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only

A

LL

EN

13.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

54

1 3

2 1

3 4

4 1

5 3

6 1

7 1

8 2

9 3

10 1

11 2

12 3

13 4

®



Biology : Sense Organ

Pre-Medical

SENSE ORGAN 1.

5.

Identify the correct set of statement :

Statement-I : Sound waves are collected by

(a) Sacculus and utriculus contain a projecting ridge called crista. (b) Each semicircular canal lie in a different plane at right angle to each other. (c) The space between cornea & lens is divided by Iris. (d) The Fovea is a thin portion of the retina where only cones are densely packed. (1) (a), (b) & (c) Only (2) (b), (c) & (d) Only (3) (c), (d) & (a) Only (4) (b), (d) & (a) Only 2.

How many of below statement are correct :

6.

:

The

eye

ball

contain

Assertion-(A) : Scala media seprates fluid filled

A

Reason-(R) : It contains sensory cell that convert sound waves into nerve impulse. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A) Assertion-(A) : Iris divides the vitreous chamber into two parts.

Reason-(R) : Iris is a extended part of choroid. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A)

7.

the lens and retina. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Colour

vision

results

from

different colours of light selectively activating different cone photopigments. Statement-II : Retinol is light absorbing portion of all visual photopigments (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

a

transparent crystalline lens which is held by ligaments attached to cilliary body. Statement-II : Aqueous humor is filled between

bony labyrinth in scala vestibuli & scala tympani.

4.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I

LL

3.

yellow, non cartilaginous structure called ear pinna. Statement-II : Ear pinna is a fanlike structure.

EN

(a) Tympanic membrane is composed of connective tissue covered with mucus membrane outside and skin inside. (b) Different types of cones are stimulated when visual wave length strikes to cone. (c) Scala media is the part of vestibular appratus (d) Ear ossicles increases the efficiency of transmission of sound wave to the inner ear. (1) (a), & (b) Only (2) (b) & (c) Only (3) (c) & (d) Only (4) (b), & (d) Only

Given below are two statements:

1 2

2 4

3 1

4 3

5 3

6 2

7 2

55

®



Biology :

Pre-Medical

REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISM 1.

3.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Reproduction

enables

the

continuity

of

Statement-I : The process of formation of new

species generation after generation.

organisms without fertilization of female gametes

(b) Sexual reproduction involves fusion of male

is called parthenogenesis.

and female gametes. (c) The

term

clone

morphologically

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II : The process of syngamy results is

and

used

to

genetically

describe

in formation of gametes.

distinct

In the light of the above statements, choose the

individuals.

most appropriate answer from the options given

(d) Under favourable conditions amoeba shows

below:

encystation.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(e) Life span of crocodile and crow is 60 and

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

100 years, respectively.

incorrect.

Choose the correct answer from options given

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

below : (1) a, b and c

(2) a, d and e

(3) a and b

(4) a, b and e

Given below are two statements:

EN

2.

correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

4.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

are example of monoecious plants.

Reason(R) .

LL

Statement-I : Plants of cucurbits and coconuts

Statement-II : Earthworm, sponge, tapeworm and

leech

are

example

animals.

of

hermaphrodite

A

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

Assertion (A) : Male Honeybees are always haploid. Reason (R) : Female and male gametes fuses to form zygote and then zygote will develop in male bee. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

correct explanation of (A). (2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

correct.

Statement-II

are

correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (4) (A) & (R) both are incorrect.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

56

1 3

2 4

3 2

4 3

®



Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms

Pre-Medical

LIFE CYCLE OF ANGIOSPERMS 1.

4.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : When pollen grains are released from pollen sac and they land on stigma of pistil, it is called pollination. Statement-II : Pollen tube enters into embryo

Statement-I

:

A

typical

5.

EN

2.

sac where two male gametes fuse with female gamete. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. Given below are two statements: anther

is

tetrasporangiate. Statement-II : A typical anther is dithecous.

LL

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. Given below are two statements:

A

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : To some extent viability of pollen grains depends upon prevailing temperature and humidity. Statement-II : Viability is lost in few minutes only of the pollen grains of Solanaceae family. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. Given below are two statements (for angiosperm plants) : Statement-I : A mature male gametophyte possess two male gametes. Statement-II : A mature female gametophyte is 7-celled and 8 nucleated in typical angiosperms. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Geitonogamy is genetically same as autogamy. Reason (R) : In Geitonogamy transfer of pollen grains occur from one plant to another plant. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Statement-I : Exine of pollen grain is made up of sporopollenin. Statement-II : Intine helps in germination of pollen grain. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

6.

57

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

Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms

Pre-Medical

7.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

In the light of the above statements, choose the

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

most appropriate answer from the options

Reason(R) .

given below :

Assertion (A) : Homogamy in

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

receptivity by

correct explanation of (A).

stigma and pollen release is essential for autogamy. Reason

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (R)

:

Heterogamy

increases

the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

opportunities for successful allogamy.

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options

correct explanation of (A). 10.

given below :

(a) Wolfia is a microscopic plant belongs to

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

angiosperms.

correct explanation of (A).

(b) Double fertilization is an unique event seen in

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

gymnosperms.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(c) Male sex organs in angiosperm are called

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

stamens, present in flowers.

EN

correct explanation of (A). 8.

(d) Total three male gametes participate in

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

double fertilization.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

Choose the correct answer from the given option below.

LL

Assertion (A) : Loss of pollen grain occur maximum in anemophily.

Reason (R) : In this type of pollination, pollen grains move completely in non-directional form.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

A

most appropriate answer from the options given below :

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). 9.

Identify the correct set of statements

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

11.

(1) all a, b, c, d are correct (2) b, c and d are correct (3) a, c and d are correct (4) only a and c are correct Identify the correct set of statements – (a) In gymnosperms seeds are not enclosed by fruits. (b) Angiosperm plant’s possess diplontic life cycle.

(c) Flower is the structure in which sexual reproductive

organs

of

angiosperm

are

present. (d) Endosperm formation in angiosperm is not a pre-fertilization event.

Reason(R) .

Choose the correct answer from the given

Assertion (A) : In angiosperm plants, nuclear

options below :

endosperm is most common.

(1) only b, c & d are correct

Reason (R) : When formation of endosperm

(2) b and c are correct

occur due to free nuclear division, is called

(3) a, b, c and d all are correct

cellular endosperm.

(4) only a and c are correct

58

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

Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms 13.

Identify the correct set of statements for angiosperms. (a) Development of angiosperm seed occur inside the ovary / fruit (b) Typical embryo sac in angiosperms is seven celled and eight nucleated (c) Free

nuclear

divisions

occur

during

embryogenesis in angiosperms (d) Filliform apparatus present in ovule secrets chemicals, which attract pollen tube toward synergids (e) Development of female

gametophyte in

typical angiosperms is monosporic. Choose the correct answer from the given options below. (1) a, d and e

(2) b, d and e

(3) a, b, d and e

(4) b, c, d and e

LL

EN

Identify the correct set of statements with respect to angiosperms. (a) A microsporophyll contains stigma, style and ovary (b) All megaspores produced from megaspore mother cell take part in embryo sac formation. (c) Hilum is the place where ovule joins with funicle (d) Basal part of an ovule is represented as micropylar end (e) Perisperm is present in black pepper. Choose the correct answer from the options given below (1) only c and e are correct (2) a, b, c and e are correct (3) c, d and e are correct (4) only c is correct

A

12.

Pre-Medical

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 2

2 1

3 1

4 2

5 1

6 2

7 1

8 4

9 2

10 4

11 3

12 1

13 3

59

®



Biology : Human Reproduction System

Pre-Medical

HUMAN REPRODUCTION SYSTEM 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In adults, each testis is oval in

Statement-I : LH act on leydig

shape, with a length of about 2 to 3 cm and a

stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens.

width of about 4 to 5 cm.

Statement-II : FSH acts on the sertoli cells and

Statement-II : Each testis has about 250

stimulates secretion of some factors which help In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

correct.

EN

correct. (4) Both

(4) Both

Statement-I

cells and

in the process of spermiogenesis .

compartment called testicular lobules.

and

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

4.

correct.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Cyclic

menstruation

is

an

indicator of normal reproductive phase which

posses finger like projections called fimbriae,

extends between menarche and menopause.

which helps in collection of ovum after ovulation.

Statement-II : The first menstruation beings at

LL

Statement-I : The edge of the infundibulum

Statement-II : Uterus is supported by tendons attached to the pelvic wall.

A

2.

Given below are two statements:

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

correct. Statement-I

correct.

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

60

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(4) Both

puberty and is called menarche.

(4) Both

Statement-I

correct. and

Statement-II

are

and

Statement-II

are

®



Biology : Human Reproduction System

5.

Pre-Medical

7.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The blastomeres in the blastocyst

Statement-I : Parturition is induced by a

are

complex neuroendocrine mechanism.

arranged

into

an

inner

layer

called

trophoblast and an outer group of cells attached

Statement-II : The signals for parturition

to trophoblast called the inner cell mass.

originate from the fully developed foetus and

Statement-II : The embryo with 8 to 16

placenta.

blastomerres is called blastula.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

correct.

correct.

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

are

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

8.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

EN

(4) Both

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The milk producing during the initial few days of lactation is called colostrum.

produced in women only during pregnancy.

Statement-II : The mammary glands of the

LL

Statement-I : hCG, hPL and relaxin are

Statement-II : By end of about 12 weeks, the

female undergo differentiation during pregnancy

body of foetus is covered with hairs, eye-lids

and starts producing milk towards the end of

separate, and eye lashes are formed.

pregnancy by the process called lactation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

A

6.

Given below are two statements:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

and

Statement-II

are

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

61

are

®



Biology : Human Reproduction System

Pre-Medical

9.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

11.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : The male accessary glands

Assertion (A) : Spermatogenesis starts at the

include paired seminal vesicles, a prostate and

age of puberty due to significant increase in the secretion of vasopressin hormone.

paired bulbourethral glands. Reason

(R)

:

Reason (R) : After spermiogenesis, sperm

Secretion of these glands

heads become embedded in the sertoli cells, and

constitute the seminal plasma which is rich in

finally released from the seminiferous tubules by

fructose, calcium and certain enzymes.

the process called spermiation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

10.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : The presence or absence of

hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity or

A

sexual experience.

(3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

12.

LL

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels which forms liquid that comes out through vagina.

Reason (R) : Hymen can also be broken by a

Reason (R) : The ovulatory phase is followed by

sudden fall or jolt, insertion of a vaginal tampon,

the follicular phase during which the remaining

active participation in some sports like horseback

part of the graafian follicle transform as the

riding, cycling etc. In some women the hymen

corpus luteum.

persists even after coitus.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

62

correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

®



Biology : Human Reproduction System

13.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

15.

(a) Each testicular lobule contains 1-3 highly

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

coiled seminiferous tubules in which sperms

Assertion (A) : During fertilisation, a sperm

are produced (b) The regions outside the seminiferous tubules

comes in contact with zona pellucida layer of the

called spaces, contains small blood vessels

ovum and induces changes in the membrane that

and interstitial cells or leydig cells.

block the entry of additional sperms.

(c) The male sex accessory duct include testes,

Reason (R) : The mitotic division starts as the

vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens.

zygote moves through the isthmus of the oviduct

(d) the enlarged end of penis called glans penis is

called cleavage towards the uterus and forms

covered by a tight fold of skin called fore

2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres.

skin.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(e) The secretion of bulbourethral glands helps in

most appropriate answer from the options

the lubrication of the penis

given below :

EN

Choose the correct answer from options given

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

below :

(1) (a) and (d) only

(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

(2) (a), (b) and (d) only

correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only

LL

(4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

16.

(4) (a), (b) and (e) only Identify the correct set of statements :

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(a) Each ovary is about 2-4 cm is length

Reason(R) .

(b) Each ovary is connected to the pelvic wall and

Assertion (A) : Placenta acts as an endocrine tissue. Reason

A

14.

Identify the correct set of statements :

(R)

hormones

:

like

Placenta hCG,

produces hPL,

(c) Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered several estrogen,

progestogens etc. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

uterus by tendons by skin and pubic hair (d) the clitoris is a tiny finger like structure which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora below the urethral opening (e) the glandular tissue of each breast is divided into

15-20

mammary

lobes

containing

clusters of cells called alveoli Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a) and (e) only (2) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (c) and (e) only (4) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only

63

®



Biology : Human Reproduction System

Pre-Medical

17.

19.

Identify the correct set of statements :

Identify the incorrect set of statements :

(a) Each spermatogonium is diploid and contains 46 chromosomes

(a) One ovum is released during the middle of

(b) The spermatids are transformed into sperm

(b) Menstrual phase lasts for 3-5 days

each menstrual cycle

by the process called spermiation (c) The acrosome is filled with enzymes that

(c) Lack of menstruation is surely indicative of pregnancy

help fertilisation of the ovum (d) Secretion

of

epididymis,

vas

(d) The corpus luteum secretes large amount of

deferens,

progesterone which is essential for formation

seminal vesicle and prostate are essential for

of endometrium

maturation and motility of sperms

18.

Choose the correct answer from options given

(e) During pregnancy all events of the menstrual

below : (1) (a), (c) only

(2) (b), (c), (d) only

Choose the correct answer from options given

(3) (a), (b), (c), (d) only

(4) (a), (c), (d) only

below :

cycle stop and there is no menstruation

Identify the incorrect set of statements :

(1) (a), (b), (e)

(2) (c), (d)

(a) At birth only 60000– 80000 primary follicles are left in each ovary

(3) (a), (c), (d)

(4) (a), (b), (d)

20.

(b) Tertiary follicle is characterised by a fluid

Identify the correct set of statements :

EN

(a) A structural and functional unit between

filled cavity called antrum (c) Oogenesis is initiated during embryonic development stage

foetus and maternal body is called placenta

(b) During pregnancy the level of cortisol, prolactin and thyroxine are increased several

(d) Each primary oocyte gets surrounded by a

folds in the maternal blood

LL

layer of zona pellucida and is called the primary follicle

(c) The inner cells mass contains stem cells

Choose the correct answer from options given

which have the potency to give rise to all the

below : (1) (a), (b)

tissues and organs

(3) (a), (d)

(4) (c), (d)

A

(2) (b), (c)

(d) The doctor inject oxytocin to induce delivery (e) Colostrum contains several antibiotics Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) (a), (b), (c), (d) only

(2) (a), (c), (d), (e) only

(3) (a), (c), (d) only

(4) (b), (c), (d), (e) only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

64

1 3 16 3

2 2 17 4

3 4 18 3

4 4 19 2

5 1 20 1

6 2

7 4

8 4

9 1

10 2

11 4

12 3

13 1

14 2

15 4

®



Biology : Reproductive Health

Pre-Medical

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 1.

3.

Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Statement-I : Lactational amenorrhea method

Reason(R) .

is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore the cycle do not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition. Statement-II : IUDs decrease phagocytosis of sperms with in the uterus. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

EN

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct. Given below are two statements:

are

4.

LL

Statement-I : Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse.

Statement-II : MTP are considered relatively rd safe during the 3 trimester

A

2.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Assertion (A) : In amniocentesis some of the allantoic fluid of developing foetus is taken to analyse the fetal cells and dissolved substances. Reason (R) : Amniocentesis is used to test for presence of certain genetic disorders such as, down syndrome, haemophilia, sickle-cell anemia etc. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Read the following statement carefully. (a) In test tube baby programme, embryo of 16 blastomeres transferred into the fallopian tube (b) ART requires extremely high precision handing by specialised professionals and expensive instrumentation (c) PIDs, still birth, infertility are some of the complications of STDs (d) In vivo fertilisation followed by embryo transfer into the female genital tract is called test tube baby programme (e) Intentional termination of pregnancy before full term is called MTP Choose the option with all incorrect statements from the options given below (1) (a), (b) (2) (b), (c) (3) (b), (c), (e) (4) (a), (d)

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 2

2 2

3 4

4 4

65

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATIONS 1.

3.

Identify the set of correct statement : (a) Mendel investigated inheritance with usage of

(a) Gene which code for a pair of contrasting

statistical analysis and mathematical logics.

traits are known as Allele.

(b) Mendel's experiments had a small sampling

(b) Mendelian factors are discrete units.

size.

(c) A large sample size is required to make any

(c) Mendel conducted artificial pollination for the

quantitative conclusion.

hybridisation experiment.

(d) Graphical representation to calculate the

(d) Mendel selected 14 true-breeding pea plant

probability of

varieties.

all possible

genotype of

offsprings developed by Morgan. Choose the correct answer from the option given

below :

below :

(1) (a) and (c) only

(1) (a) and (c) only

(2) (b), (c) and (d) only

(2) (d) only

(3) (a), (c) and (d) only

(3) (a), (b) and (d) only

EN

Choose the correct answer from the option given

(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) all

(4) (b) and (d) only

Identify the set of correct statement :

4.

(a) Mendel condected test cross for the first time between a tall plant from F2 with a dwarf plant.

Identify the set of incorrect statement/s. (a) Sometime, F1 do not resemble either of two parents for flower colour in some plants.

LL

(b) Occasionally a single gene product may

(b) Test cross can easily predict the genotype of the test organism.

(c) Law of dominance explains the proportion of 3 : 1 obtained at the F2.

(d) Alleles show blending and that both the

A

2.

Identify the set of incorrect statement/s :

produce more than one phenotype. (c) After maturation of seeds, BB seeds are round and Bb seeds are wrinkled. (d) Dominance is an autonomous feature of a gene.

charecters are not recovered as such in F2 in

Choose the correct answer from the option given

pea.

below :

(e) Factor occurs in pairs.

(1) (c) only

Choose the correct answer from the option given

(2) (a), (c) and (d) only

below :

(3) (c) and (d) only

(1) (a) and (e) only

(4) (b) and (c) only

(2) (b), (c) and (d) only (3) (a), (b) and (c) only (4) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only

66

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

5.

7.

Identify the set of incorrect statement/s. (a) In

1902,

De

Schermark

vries,

Correns

independently

and

T.

(a) Nowadays genetic maps are extensively used

rediscovered

as a starting point in genome sequencing in

mendel's result on inheritance.

HGP.

(b) By 1902, the chromosome movement during

(b) In morgan's experiment's, wild type allele and

meiosis had been worked out by Sutton and

mutant type allele are represented with (+)

Boveri.

and (–) sign in superscript, respectively.

(c) Two Alleles of a gene pair are located on

(c) Strength of linkage between Y and W is

different loci of homologus chromosomes.

higher than W and M.

(d) Chromosome segregate at the time of

(d) Pleiotropy in most cases is the effect of a

gamete formation which occurs in pairs in an

gene on metabolism pathways.

individual.

Choose the correct answer from the option given below :

given below :

(1) (a), (b) and (d) only

(1) (a) and (c) only

(2) (b), (c), (d) only

(2) (a) only

(3) (a) and (d) only

EN

Choose the correct answer from the options

(3) (c) only

(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(4) (a), (c) and (d) only

8.

Identify the set of incorrect statement/s.

(b) Drosophila

has

LL

two weeks.

heteromorphic

sex

chromosomes in male.

(c) Morgan carried out test cross in Drosophila. (d) Morgan

attributed

linkage

as

Identify the set of correct statement/s. (a) Grasshopper is

(a) Drosophila complete their life span in about

A

6.

Identify the set of correct statement/s.

physical

association of two genes.

(e) Morgan et al. found in drosophila that the genes white and yellow were loosely linked.

an

example of

female

heterogamety.

(b) In birds, total number of chromosome is same in both male and female. (c) In honey bee, fertilized egg develops queen and unfertilized egg develops worker. (d) Haplo-diploid

sex-determination

system

found in Honey bee. Choose the correct answer from the option given below :

Choose the correct answer from the options

(1) (a) and (d) only

given below :

(2) (b), (c) and (d) only

(1) (e) only

(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(2) (a), (b) and (c) only

(4) (a), (b) and (c) only

(3) (a), (c) and (e) only (4) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only

67

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

9.

11.

Identify the set of correct statement : (a) Mutation is a phenomenon which results in change in genotype and phenotype of an organism. (b) Chromosomal aberrations are commonly observed in cancer cells. (c) There are many chemical and physical factors referred as mutagens. (d) Analysis of traits in a several of generations of a family is called the pedigree analysis. (e) Deletions and insertions of base pairs of DNA causes point mutation. Choose the correct answer from the options

12.

given below : (2) (a), (b), (c) only (3) All are incorrect (4) All are correct 10.

Identify the set of incorrect statement/s.

EN

(1) (a), (b), (c), (d) only

LL

(a) Colour blindness is a sex-linked dominant disorder.

(b) Colour blindness occurs in about 0.4 per cent of males and 8 per cent of females.

(c) Male are in heterozygous condition for

A

haemophilia and colour blindness.

(d) Colour blindness is due to absence of some specific proteins which forms cones. Choose the correct answer from the option given below : (1) only (a) (2) (a), (b) and (c) only (3) (a) and (b) only (4) only (d)

68

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Heterozygous female for haemophilia may transmit the disease to sons. Statement-II : Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the substitution of valine (val) by glutamic acid (Glu) of β-globin chain. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Dominant disorder in human cause due to formation of any undesired chemical/protein. Statement-II : Recessive disorder occurs due to lack of protein in animals. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Mendel's study found that the factors independently assort and combine in all permutations and combinations. Statement-II : Later, it was found that mendel's law of independent assortment does not hold true for the genes located on the same chromosomes. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

13.

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

14.

17.

18.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Modified allele could be responsible for production of normal enzyme. Statement-II : Normal/unmodified allele is responsible for production of normal enzyme. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R). Assertion (A) : Law of segregation is based on the fact that the alleles do not show any blending. Reason (R) : Factor or alleles of a pair segregate from each other such that a gamete receives only one of the two factor. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R). Assertion (A) : Unmodified Allele, which represents the original phenotype is the dominant allele. Reason (R) : A dominant allele could modified into recessive allele by only crossing over. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

16.

A

LL

EN

15.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : One gene affect many characters called pleiotropic gene. Statement-II : Dominance is an autonomous feature of a gene or the gene product. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Behaviour of chromosome is parallel to the behaviour of genes. Statement-II : Sutton and Boveri used chromosomal movement to explain mendel's laws. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : ABO blood group system provide a good example of multiple alleles. Statement-II : Multiple Allele can be found in an individual of Human population. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

19.

69

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

20.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

22.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R).

Reason(R).

Assertion (A) : A gene 'T' is responsible for

Assertion (A) : Phenylketonuria is an example

Tallness in pea plant.

of pleiotropy.

Reason (R) : 'T' gene has genetic informations

Reason (R) : Phenylketonuria manifests mental

that

retardation and a reduction in hair and skin

code for certain enzymes involve

in

phytohormone synthesis pathway.

pigmentation besides too much phenylalanine in

In the light of the above statements, choose the

the body.

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below: (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. correct explanation of (A). 21.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

23.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R).

Reason(R).

Heterozyqous (Bb) produce intermediate size

Assertion (A) : In human, we don't just have

starch grains but round seed.

tall or short people as two distinct alternatives

Reason (R) : Gene for starch branching enzyme

but a whole range of possible heights.

(SBE) show multiple allelism.

Reason (R) : Human skin colour is a classic

In the light of the above statements, choose the

example of pleiotropic gene.

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below :

A

LL

Assertion (A) : Starch synthesis gene in

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

70

®



Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations

Pre-Medical

24.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R). Assertion (A) : Maximum 50% non-parental gene combinations are possibly produces during gamete formation. Reason (R) : Maximum frequency of crossing over could be 100% because all four chromatids of tetrad are involves in crossing over. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

A

LL

EN

correct explanation of (A).

]

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

1 3 16 2

2 4 17 4

3 2 18 4

4 3 19 2

5 1 20 4

6 1 21 2

7 1 22 4

8 2 23 2

9 4 24 2

10 2

11 2

12 4

13 4

14 2

15 4

71

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE 1.

3.

Identify the correct set of statement : (a) The length of DNA is usually defined as

(a) 5-methyl uracil is another chemical name of

thymine.

number of nucleotides. (b) Number

of

pair

of

nucleotides

is

(b) Elucidation

of

structure

of

DNA

was

proposed by Watson and crick.

characteristic of an organism or species.

(c) Each strand from a parental DNA act as a

(c) A bacteriophage φ × 174 has 5386 base

template for synthesis of new strand.

pairs (bp). (d) Diploid content of human DNA is 3.3 × 10 bp.

(d) Two chain of DNA have parallel polarity.

(e) Human genome contains 3164.7 million bp.

(e) Two chain of DNA are coiled in a left-handed

9

fashion only.

Choose the correct answer from the option given

Choose the correct answer from the option given

(1) (a), (b), (e) only

below :

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(1) (a), (b) and (c) only

(3) (a) and (e) only

(2) (b), (d) and (e) only

EN

below :

(3) (d) and (e) only

(4) All are correct Identify the correct set of statement :

(a) A nucleotide has three components – a

(4) All are incorrect

4.

nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a

LL

(b) Uracil is present in RNA at the place of thymine.

Identify the correct set of statement : (a) Base pairs are said to be complementary to each other.

phosphate group.

(c) In adenosine, a Nitrogenous base linked to pentose sugar through a N-glycosidic bond.

(d) DNA polymer has a free phosphate moiety

A

2.

Identify the incorrect set of statement :

at 3'- end of sugar at one end.

(e) Backbone of a polynucleotide chain is formed due to sugar and phosphates.

(b) Guanine is bonded with cytosine with three H-bonds. –6 (c) Pitch of the DNA helix is 3.4 × 10 m.

(d) Distance between two base pair in a helix is approximately 3.4 nm. (e) DNA is scattered throughout the cell in E.coli. Choose the correct answer from the option given

Choose the correct answer from the option given

below :

below :

(1) (a) and (b) only

(1) (a), (b), (c), (e) only

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

(2) (a), (d) and (e) only

(3) (a), (b) and (c) only

(3) (a), (b), (c) only

(4) All are correct

(4) All are correct

72

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

5.

7.

Identify the correct set of statement/s. (a) Histones are rich in the basic amino acid

Identify the incorrect set of statement/s. (a) RNA

residues lysine and arginine.

to RNA.

(d) Packaging of chromatin at higher level

(c) Both DNA and RNA are able to mutate.

requires additional set of proteins that referred

as

(d) For transmission of genetic information,

non-histone

RNA is better.

chromosomal protein. (e) Heterochromation

Choose the correct answer from the option given is

said

to

be

below :

transcriptionally active chromatin.

(1) (a) and (b) only (2) (c) and (d) only

below :

(3) (a) only

(1) (a) and (c) only

(4) (a), (b) and (c) only

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only

EN

Choose the correct answer from the option given

8.

(3) (a), (c), (d) only

Identify the correct set of statement/s.

(a) Cscl

(4) All are correct

(cesium

chloride)

density

gradient

require for distinguish normal DNA from

Identify the incorrect set of statement/s.

heavy DNA.

LL

(a) Some "transforming principle" transferred from heat-killed S-strain to R-strain in Hershey and chase experiment. RNase

do

not

affect

A

transformation.

and

5-methyl uracil also confer additional stability

a structure in nucleus called chromatin.

and

reactive

(b) The presence of uracil at the place of

(c) Nucleosomes constitute the repeating unit of

(b) Proteases

less

DNA.

their side chain.

6.

is

structurally more stable as compared to

(b) Lysine and arginine carry positive charges in

collectively

chemically

(c) S-strain bacteria have genes for synthesis of mucous coat.

(d) Genetic material should be stable chemically

(b)

15

N is radioactive isotope.

(c) In Meselsn and Stall experiment DNA extracted after 2 generation have equal amount of hybrid and heavy DNA. (d) DNA

in

chromosomes

also

replicate

semiconservatively. Choose the correct answer from the option given below :

and do not provide the scope for any

(1) (a) and (b) only

changes.

(2) (a) only

Choose the correct answer from the option given

(3) (a), (b), (c) only

below :

(4) (a) and (d) only

(1) (c) and (d) only (2) (a), (c) and (d) only (3) (b) and (c) only (4) All are incorrect

73

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

9.

Identify the correct set of statement :

Statement-I

10.

(a) DNA polymerase uses a DNA template to catalyse the polymerisation of deoxynucleotides. (b) Diploid content of DNA in human genome, completes the process of replication within 18 minutes. (c) dNTPs serve dual purpose in DNA replication. (d) Discontinuously synthesised fragments are later joined by DNA polymerase enzyme. Choose the correct answer from the option given below : (1) (a) and (c) only (2) (a) and (d) only (3) (d) only (4) All are correct Identify the incorrect set of statement :

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

11.

(a) Principle of complementarity governs the process of transcription. (b) If both strands of DNA transcribed, they would code for RNA with same sequences. (c) Structural gene in transcription unit could be said as monocistronic in eukaryotes. (d) Transcription and translation can be coupled in bacteria. (e) There is a clear cut division of labour in RNA polymerase of eukaryotes. Choose the correct answer from the option given below : (1) (b) only (2) (b), (d) and (e) only (3) (a) and (b) only (4) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only Given below are two statements:

12.

Given below are two statements: :

Split-gene

represent probably an ancient feature of the genome. Statement-II : Process of splicing represent the dominance of RNA-world. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both

Statement-I

is added to 3'-end of hn-RNA. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

74

Statement-II

are

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. correct.

EN

in a defined order. Statement-II : In capping an unusual nucleotide

and

incorrect.

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

13.

LL

A

Statement-I : Splicing refers to joining of exons

arrangements

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Process of translation is easy to conceptualise on the basis of complementarity.

Statement-II : Nirenberg's cell-free system for protein synthesis finally helped the code to be deciphered. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

and

Statement-II

are

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

14.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : 23s rRNA also acts as ribozyme for formation of peptide bond and known as peptidyl transferase enzyme. Statement-II : In prokaryotes, control of the rate

of

transcriptional

is

the

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

18.

LL

A

16.

initiation

predominant site for control of gene expression.

EN

15.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Genetic code is nearly universal. Statement-II : AUG codes of methionine (met), and it also acts as 'stop' codon. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Mutations may result in loss or gain of a gene. Statement-II : Amino acids have no structural specialities to read the code uniquely. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Secondary structure of t-RNA has been depicted that looks like a clover-leaf but in actual structure, it is a compact molecule which looks like inverted L. Statement-II : Charging of t-RNA is the first phase in which amino acids are activated without using ATPs. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

17.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : If the bacteria do not have lactose around them they would no longer require the synthesis of the enzyme betagalactosidase. Reason (R) : β-galactosidase is used to catalyse the hydrolysis of lactose into galactose and glucose. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

75

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

19.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

21.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R).

Reason(R).

Assertion (A) : A very low level of expression

Assertion (A) : In HGP genes which remains

of lac operon has to be present in the cell all the

unexpressed as RNA referred as expressed

time.

sequence tags (ESTs) in HGP.

Reason (R) : Lactose regulates switching on

Reason (R) : One major approach focused on

and off of the operon and termed as "inducer".

identifying all the genes that are expressed as

In the light of the above statements, choose the

RNA in methodologies in HGP.

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below :

correct explanation of (A).

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). 20.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Reason(R) .

22.

LL

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

repressor is referred to as negative regulation.

Assertion (A) : In HGP, DNA fragments were

Reason (R) : Operon under control of positive

sequenced using automated DNA sequencers that

regulation are regulated by activators.

worked on the principle of sanger's method.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : HGP was a mega project.

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below :

A

Assertion (A) : Regulation of an operon by

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

76

®



Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Pre-Medical

23.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

24.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R).

Reason(R).

Assertion (A) : In repetitive sequences a small

Assertion (A) : VNTRs (Variable Number of

stretch of DNA is repeated many time.

Tandem

Reason (R) : The bulk DNA forms a major

fingerprinting".

peak and the other small peak are referred as

Reason (R) : VNTRs are small DNA sequences

satellite DNA during centrifugation.

whose copy numbers varies from chromosome to

In the light of the above statements, choose the

chromosome in an individual.

correct answer from the options given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

correct answer from the options given below :

correct explanation of (A).

repeats)

is

the

basis

of

"DNA

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

A

LL

correct explanation of (A).

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

1 1 16 2

2 1 17 4

3 3 18 4

4 1 19 1

5 2 20 1

6 3 21 3

7 1 22 1

8 4 23 1

9 1 24 4

10 1

11 2

12 4

13 3

14 2

15 4

77

®



Biology : Origin and Evolution

Pre-Medical

ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION 1.

Given below are two statements :

4.

One is labelled as assertion (A) other is labelled as reason (R) :

One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :-

Assertion (A) : Genetic drift is usually more

Assertion (A) : Lichens can be used as industrial pollution indicators.

effective in small isolated population. Reason (R): Small population always remains in

2.

genetic equillibrium.

Reason (R): Lichens will not grow in areas that are industrial polluted.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Given below are two statements :

5.

Given below are two statements : One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :-

EN

One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :-

Assertion (A) : Theory of chemical evolution proposed that first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules.

Assertion (A) : The first non cellular form of

Reason (R): The primitive earth conditions led

Reason (R): The first cellular form of life could

to production of organic molecules.

have originated around 2 bya

LL

life could have originated 3 mya

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

A

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 3.

Given below are two statements :

Given below are two statements :

One is labelled as assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :Assertion (A) : The primitive atmosphere of

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 6.

Given below are two statements : One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :-

earth was reducing onc i.e. without free oxygen.

Assertion (A) : Brain capacity of Homo habilis

Reason (R): In the primitive atmosphere, free

was 650 – 800 cc.

oxygen was involved in forming ozone about 4.5 bya

Reason (R): Type probably did not eat meat.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

78

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

®



Biology : Origin and Evolution

7.

Pre-Medical

11.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In Hardy- Weinberg principle say that alleles frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation.

Statement-II : Evolution is a stochastic process based on chance events in nature and chance mutation in the organism.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

and

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Milky way is a galaxy in the universe.

(4) Both Statement-I correct. 12.

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements: Statement-II : Dryopithecus was more man like.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

EN

Statement-II : Our earth is part of milky way galaxy. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(4) Both Statement-I correct.

(4) Both Statement-I correct.

and

Statement-II

Given below are two statements:

are

13.

and

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I : Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita represents homology.

Statement-I : Homo erectus had brain capacity between 650-800 cc.

Statement-II : Homology does not indicate common ancestry.

Statement-II : Homo erectus did not eat meat.

A

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

10.

and

Statement-I : Ramapithecus was more ape-like.

LL

9.

Statement-I : Evolution is a directed process in sense of determination.

Statement-II : In Hardy-Weinberg principle the gene pool remains constant.

(4) Both Statement-I correct. 8.

Given below are two statements:

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.

(4) Both Statement-I correct.

(4) Both Statement-I correct.

and

Statement-II

are 14.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : According to Hugo de vries mutation are random and directionless. Statement-II : Hugo de Vries work on Pisum

sativum

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I correct.

and

Statement-II

are

and

Statement-II

are

Identify the correct sets of statements :(a) The universe is almost 20 million years old (b) Huge clustures of galaxies comprise the universe (c) Considering the size of earth, universe in indeed a speck. (d) Galaxies contain stars and clouds of gas and dust Choose the correct answer among the following option given below :(1) (b) & (d) only

(2) (a) & (c) only

(3) (a), (b) & (d) only

(4) (a), (b) & (c) only

79

®



Biology : Origin and Evolution

Pre-Medical

15.

18.

Read the following statements carefully : (a) Agriculture came around 50,000 years back (b) Dryopithecus & Ramapithecus primates were existing 15 mya, walked like man. (c) Homo sapiens probably did not ate meat. (d) Neanderthal man lives in Asia between 1,00,000 & 40,000 years back Choose the option with all incorrect statements from the options given below : (1) (a) & (b) only

19.

A

LL

17.

(3) (b), (c) & (d) only (4) (d) only Identify the correct sets of statements :(a) Dinosaurs were suddenly disappeared from the earth about 65 mya (b) First mammals were shrews like (c) Neanderthal man with brain size 1400 cc lived in east & central Africa 75,000-10,000 year ago (d) The skull of baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull. Choose the correct answer among the following option given below :(1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (a), (c) & (d) only (3) (a), (b) & (d) only (4) (b), (c) & (d) only Identify the correct sets of statements :(a) Homo sapiens arose in Africa (b) Ramapithecus was more man like. (c) 2 mya, Australopithecus probably lived in East Africa. (d) Agriculture come around 75,000 years back. Choose the correct answer from the option given below :(1) (a) & (b) correct only (2) (a), (b), (c) correct only (3) (a), (b), (d) correct only (4) (b) & (d) correct only

EN

16.

(2) (a), (b) and (c) only

Identify the correct sets of statements:(a) When migration of a section of population to another place and population occurs, gene frequency changes. (b) If gene migration happens multiple times there would be a gene flow. (c) If loss of gene from a population occur by chance it is called as genetic drfit. (d) Natural selection is a process in which heritable variations enabling better survival are enabled to reproduce greater number of progeny Choose the correct answer from the option given below :(1) (a) & (b) only (2) (c) & (d) only (3) (a), (b) & (c) only (4) (a), (b), (c) & (d) Identify the correct sets of statements:(a) By the time of 500 mya, vertebrates were formed and active (b) Jawless fish evolved around 350 mya. (c) Sea weeds & few plants existed probably around 320 mya. (d) About 65 mya, dinosaurs suddenly appeared on earth. Choose the correct answer from the option given below :(1) (b) & (d) only (2) (a), (b) & (c) only (3) (b), (c) & (d) only (4) (b) & (c) only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

80

1 2 16 3

2 4 17 2

3 2 18 4

4 4 19 4

5 3

6 1

7 4

8 4

9 2

10 2

11 3

12 1

13 1

14 1

15 2

®



Biology : Human Health and Disease

Pre-Medical

HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE 4.

given below

Statement-I : Hippocrates and Indian Ayurveda

Statement-I : Virus infected cells secretes

system of medicine thought that persons with "black bile" belonged to hot personality and would have fever. Statement-II : William Harvey disproved good

protein called interleukins. Statement-II : Interleukins protein protect non

humor hypothesis of health. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Choose the correct answer from the options

5.

infected cell from further viral infection (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Choose the correct answer from the options given below Statement-I : Mind and mental state can affect

given below Statement-I : Health does not simply mean

our health. Statement-II : Immune system maintains our

absence of disease or physical fitness. Statement-II : Balanced diet, personal hygiene

health. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

and regular exercise are very important to maintain good health. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Choose the correct answer from the options

A

3.

Choose the correct answer from the options

given below

LL

2.

Choose the correct answer from the options

EN

1.

given below Statement-I : Caca alkaloid is obtained from

Erythroxylum Coca plants. Statement-II : Coke interferes with transport of the dopamine. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

6.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below Statement-I : Plasmodium, a tiny protozoan causes malaria. Statement-II : Chill and high fever recurring every three to four days in malaria. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

81

®



Biology : Human Health and Disease

Pre-Medical

7.

Choose the correct answer from the options

10.

given below Statement-I : Salmonella typhi causes typhoid

the options given below. (A) Innate immunity is non specific.

fever. Statement-II

:

Typhoid

fever

could

(B) Bacteria infected cells secrete protein called

be

interferons

conformed by Widal test. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. 8.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

(C) The T-lymphocytes mediate CMI (D) Typhoid fever could be confirmed by Widal test. (1) A & B are correct (2) B & C are correct (3) C & D are correct (4) A, C & D are correct 11.

(A) Ig E antibody increase in allergy.

EN

(B) Asthma & Rheumatoid arthritis are allergic disease

(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Choose the correct answer from the options

Statement-I : The disease which are easily transmitted from one person to another, are called infectious disease. Statement-II : Infectious disease are very common and everyone of us suffers from these at some time or other. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

82

(C) Ig A antibody present in colostrum. (D) Injection of preformed antibody against the snake venom is called passive immunisation.

LL

given below

A

9.

Select the correct set of correct statements from the options given below.

Statement-I : Prevention is best option for AIDS. Statement-II : AIDS has no cure.

Select the correct set of correct statements from

12.

(1) A & B are correct

(2) B & C are correct (3) C & D are correct (4) A, C & D are correct Select the correct set of correct statements from the options given below. (A) Acquired immunity is pathogen specific. (B) Neutrophils and macrophages form cellular barrier of innate immunity. (C) Humoral immunity is provided by B-cells (D) Each antibody molecule has four peptide chain. (1) A & B are correct (2) B & C are correct (3) C & D are correct (4) A, B, C & D are correct

®



Biology : Human Health and Disease

13.

Pre-Medical

Select the correct set of correct statements from

16.

Select the correct set of correct statements from

the options given below.

the options given below.

(A) Haemophilus influenzae is responsible for

(A) Morphine is a very effective sedative and pain killer.

pneumonia disease.

(B) Cannabinoid receptor is mainly found in

(B) Common cold caused by Rhino virus.

brain.

(C) Haemocoin responsible for the chill & high

(C) Opioid receptors are present in CNS and

fever in malaria.

GIT.

(D) Virus infected cells secrete protein called

(D) Barbiturates are used as medicine to help

interferons.

patient cope with insomnia.

(1) Only A & B are correct

(1) A & B are correct

(2) Only B & C are correct

(2) B & C are correct

(3) Only C & D are correct

(3) C & D are correct

(4) Only A, B & D are correct Select the correct set of correct statements from

(4) A, B, C & D are correct 17.

Given below are two statements one is labelled as

the options given below.

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason

(A) The macrophage continue to produce virus

(R).

EN

14.

and in this way like HIV factory.

Assertion (A) : IgG can cross the plancenta.

(B) α interferon which activates immune system and help in destroying the tumor

Reason

obtained

from

(2) B & C are correct

Coca

plant

15.

18.

A

(3) C & D are correct

is

smallest

form

of

correct explanation of (A).

(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

Erythroxylum Coca. (1) A & B are correct

IgG

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the

LL

plant. is

:

immunoglobulin.

(C) Morphine extracted from the latex of poppy (D) Cocaine

(R)

correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Given below are two statements one is labelled as

(4) A, B, C & D are correct

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason

Select the correct set of correct statements from

(R).

the options given below.

Assertion (A) : Balanced diet, personal hygiene

(A) Primary lymphoid organs are bone marrow

and regular exercise are very important to

and thymus. (B) Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast. (C) MALT

constitutes

about

50%

Lymphoid tissue in human body. (D) AIDS is caused by HIV. (1) A & B are correct (2) B & C are correct (3) C & D are correct (4) A, B, C & D are correct

of

the

maintain good health. Reason (R) : Yoga has been practised to achieve physical & mental illness. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

83

®



Biology : Human Health and Disease

Pre-Medical

19.

22.

Given below are two statements one is labelled as

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Antibody mediated immunity is

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : AIDS is not a congenital

also called as humoral immune response. Reason (R) : The Antibodies are found in the

disease. Reason (R) : During lifetime, individual acquires

blood. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Given below are two statements one is labelled as

deficiency of immune system. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Given below are two statements one is labelled as

23.

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Opium is derived from latex of

Assertion (A) : HIV is a retrovirus.

unripe fruits of Papever somniferum. Reason (R) : Excessive doses of drug may lead

Reason (R) : RNA genome of the virus

EN

20.

Given below are two statements one is labelled as

LL

replicates to form viral DNA with the help of enzyme reverse transcriptase. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

A

21.

to comma and death. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Given below are two statements one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : In severe cases of pneumonia, the lips and finger nails may turn gray to bluish in colour. Reason (R) : In pneumonia the alveoli get filled with fluid leading to severe problems in repiration. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

84

1 4 16 4

2 4 17 2

3 4 18 3

4 1 19 2

5 4 20 1

6 4 21 2

7 4 22 2

8 4 23 2

9 4

10 4

11 4

12 4

13 4

14 4

15 4

®



Biology : Plant Breeding

Pre-Medical

PLANT BREEDING 1.

3.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Pusa Swani is a variety of Okra/

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

lady

Reason(R) .

finger

which

protect

it

from

fungal

infections.

Assertion (A) : Capacity to generate a whole

Statement-II : Pusa-Sem-2 is a variety of flat

plant from any cell is called totipotency.

bean which protect it from Jassids.

Reason (R) : Somaclones are generally identical

In the light of the above statements, choose the

to the original plant from which they are grown.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

given below :

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

incorrect.

correct explanation of (A).

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

(4) Both

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

incorrect.

are

4.

LL

Statement-I : Vitamin-A rich varieties of carrot, spinach and pumpkin are produced by plant breeding technique.

Statement-II : To enhance the food quality,

A

practical medium of plant breeding is called bio

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. Statement-I

incorrect.

and

Statement-II

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : One of the alternate source of protein for animal and human nutrition is single cell protein (SCP). Reason (R) : Single cell proteins are produced by growing only multicellular organisms on waste water and animal manure. In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

(4) Both

(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements:

fortification.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

EN

correct.

2.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

are

most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

85

®



Biology : Plant Breeding

Pre-Medical

6.

Identify the correct set of statements out of

Identify the correct set of statements out of

followings :

followings :

(a) Pusa-Sadabahar is a variety of chilly, resistant

(a) Sharabati sonara is a variety of wheat

to chilly mosaic virus.

produced by mutations is responsible for

(b) Saccharum barberi is north indian variety of

green revolution

sugar cane which produces more sugar.

(b) Genetical variability is the root of any

(c) IR-8 is a variety of rice, developed in IRRI,

breeding programe

Philippines.

(c) Jaya and Ratna are indian varieties which

(d) Parabhani-kanti, is virus resistant variety of

give high yields

lady finger.

(d) Late blight disease of potato is caused by

Choose the correct answer from the given

bacteria

options below.

(e) Collection of all the alleles of all genes in a

(1) a, b and d

(2) a, c and d

crop is called Germplasm collection.

(3) b, c and d

(4) all a, b, c and d

Choose the correct answer from the options

EN

given below:

(2) a, b, c and e

(3) b, c, d and e

(4) a , b & c

LL

(1) a, b, c, d and e

A

5.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

86

1 3

2 1

3 1

4 2

5 2

6 2

®



Biology : Domestication of animals

Pre-Medical

DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS 1.

Assertion (A) : Hisardale is new cross breed of sheep. Reason (R) : It is developed by crossing punjabi ewe and marino ram. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Given below are two statements:

4.

5.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Inbreeding increases homozygosity. Thus inbreeding is necessary if we want to evolve a pureline. Statement-II : Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Bee-keeping is the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of bee wax. Statement-II : Bee-wax is used in preparation of cosmetics and polishes of various kinds. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Identify the correct sets of statements:(a) Inbreeding increases homozygosity. (b) Inbreeding is necessary to evolve pure lines. (c) Inbreeding eliminates harmful recessive genes. (d) Continued inbreeding usually reduces fertility & even productivity. Choose the correct answer among the following option given below:(1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (a), (b), (c) & (d) (3) (b), (c) & (d) only (4) (a), (b) & (d) only Identify the correct sets of statements:(a) Catla, Rohu and Hilsa are fresh water fishes. (b) Hilsa, Pomfrets & Mackerels are marine fishes. (c) Fisheries has an important place in Indian economy. (d) Bee keeping is labour intensive. Choose the correct answer among the following option given below :(1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (b), (c) & (d) only (3) (b) & (c) only (4) (a) & (d) only

EN

2.

Given below are two statements : One is labelled as assertion (A) other is labelled as reason (R) : Assertion (A) : A single out-cross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression. Reason (R) : Out-crossing is the best breeding method for increasing milk productivity. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Given below are two statements : One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled as reason (R) :-

LL

3.

6.

A

Statement-I : MOET is one such programme for herd improvement. Statement-II : In MOET cow is administered with FSH like hormone to increase milk production. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

7.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

1 1

2 2

3 2

4 4

5 3

6 4

7 3

87

®



Biology : Microbes In Human Welfare

Pre-Medical

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE 1.

3.

Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Statement-I : Cyclosporine-A is a bioactive

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

molecule used as an immune suppressive drug

Reason(R) .

during organ transplantation.

Assertion (A) : Jatropha is a plant used as a

Statement-II : Statins produced from yeast, is

source of hydrocarbon to produce petroleum.

used as blood cholesterol lowering agents.

Reason (R) : It is a plant, produces milk like

In the light of the above statements, choose the

substance latex in which hydrocarbons are

most appropriate answer from the options given

present,

below:

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

most appropriate answer from the options

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

given below :

incorrect.

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is

correct explanation of (A).

correct. Statement-I

and

Statement-II

incorrect.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the

Given below are two statements:

correct explanation of (A).

Statement-I : A bacterium Propionibacterium

4.

Identify the correct set of statements out of followings :

cheese.

(a) Commercial production of citric acid is done

LL

sharmanii is used to produce more CO2 in Swiss

Statement-II : Saccharomyces cerevisiae is

in the presence of Aspergillus niger fungi

used to make breads spongy due to much

(b) First antibiotic was penicillin produced from a

production of CO2.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

fungi (c) Trichoderma is a free living fungi which is

most appropriate answer from the options given

A

2.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.

are

EN

(4) Both

below:

common in the root ecosystem (d) Streptokinase is obtained from a bacterium

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

called streptobacillus

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

Choose thee correct answer from the given

incorrect.

options below.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

(1) a, b, c and d

(2) only a and b

(3) a, b and c

(4) b, c and d

are

incorrect.

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans.

88

1 1

2 1

3 4

4 3

®



Biology : Biotechnology

Pre-Medical

BIOTECHNOLOGY 1.

4.

5.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis. Statement-II : Bt toxin exist in active form. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : About 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use the world over. Statement-II : In India, 12 of these are presently being marketed. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4 year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. Statement-II : ELISA is based on the principle of antigen antibody interaction. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

3.

A

LL

EN

2.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Restriction enzyme belong to a larger class of enzymes called as nucleases. Statement-II : Each restriction endonuclease recognise a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DNA. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : DNA is a positively charged molecule move towards the negative electrode. Statement-II : Amplification of DNA in PCR is achieved by use of a thermostable DNA polymerase. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Agrobacterium tumefaciens a pathogen of several monocot plants. Statement-II : Retroviruses in animals have the ability to transform cancerous cells into normal cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

6.

89

®



Biology : Biotechnology

Pre-Medical

7.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

9.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : RNAi is a cellular defense

Assertion

mechanism in eukaryotes.

endonuclease is Hind-II and cut specific sequence

Reason (R) : RNAi is silencing of specific tRNA.

of six base pairs.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : Exonuclease remove nucleotides

most appropriate answer from the options

from the ends of DNA.

given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

most appropriate answer from the options

correct explanation of (A).

The

first

restriction

correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

correct explanation of (A).

10.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

fragments are separated.

Reason(R) .

Reason (R) : DNA is negatively charged, so it

Assertion (A) : PCR is now routinely used to

moves towards anode under electric field.

detect HIV in AIDS patients.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R) : It is being used to detect mutations

most appropriate answer from the options

in genes in suspected cancer patients too.

given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

most appropriate answer from the options

LL

Assertion (A) : In gel electrophoresis DNA

A

Reason(R) .

:

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. correct explanation of (A).

(A)

given below :

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

8.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

90

®



Biology : Biotechnology

11.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

13.

(a) In gel electrophoresis, the most commonly

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

used matrix is agarose.

Reason(R) .

(b) Plasmids and bacteriophages do not have the

Assertion (A) : Transgenic mice are being

ability to replicate within bacterial cells.

developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines

(c) Transformation is a procedure through which

before they are used on human.

a piece of DNA is introduced in a host

Reason (R) : Transgenic mice are being used to

bacterium.

test the safety of polio vaccine.

Choose the correct answer from options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below :

most appropriate answer from the options

(1) a and b only

(2) a and c only

given below :

(3) b and c only

(4) a, b and c

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the

14.

(a) Crops less tolerant to abiotic stresses.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(b) Reduce reliance on chemical pesticides.

EN

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(c) Helps to increase post harvest losses.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).Identify the correct set of statements :

(d) Increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants.

(e) Reduce nutritional value of food.

LL

(a) Origin of replication is responsible for initiating replication.

(b) DNA ligase acts on cut DNA molecules and joins their ends.

In reference to genetically modified plants, identify the correct uses of GM plant

correct explanation of (A).

(c) Plasmid is autonomously replicating circular

A

12.

Identify the correct set of statements :

extra chromosomal DNA.

(d) More than 900 restriction enzymes that have been isolated from over 230 strains of bacteria. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and c only

(2) b, c and d only

(3) a, c and d only

(4) a, b, c and d all

15.

Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c only

(2) a, c and e only

(3) b and d only

(4) a, d and e only

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) When different DNAs are cut by same restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA fragments have the same kind of sticky ends. (b) The seperated bands of DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. This step is known as elution. (c) The RNA can removed by treatment with protease. (d) If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host it is called a recombinant protein. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a and b only

(2) b, c and d only

(3) a, b and d only

(4) a and d only

91

®



Biology : Biotechnology

Pre-Medical

16.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) In 1997 the first transgenic cow Rosie was developed. (b) Rosie produced human protein enriched milk. (c) There are an estimated 20,000 varieties of rice in India alone. (d) 27 Documented varieties of Basmati are grown in India. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (2) a, c and d only

(3) b, c and d only

(4) a, b, c and d all

A

LL

EN

(1) a, b and d only

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

92

1 4 16 1

2 3

3 1

4 2

5 4

6 4

7 2

8 4

9 1

10 1

11 1

12 4

13 2

14 3

15 3

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

ECOLOGY 1.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

3.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion

(A)

:

is

Assertion (A) : The available biomass for the

energetically very expensive for many organism

consumption to heterotrophs is known as

like shrews and humming birds.

secondary productivity.

Reason (R) : Heat loss or heat gain is a

Reason (R) : A considerable amount of GPP is

function of surface area.

utilised by plants in respiration.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

Thermoregulation

not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

not the correct explanation of (A).

EN

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

4.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

LL

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Assertion (A) : The interaction where one

Assertion (A) : Ecosystems are exempted from

species is benefited and the other is neither

the second law of thermodynamics.

benefited nor harmed, is called commensalism.

Reason (R) : Ecosystems need constant supply

Reason (R) : An orchid growing as an epiphyte

of energy to synthesize the molecule they require

on

to counteract the universal tendency towards

a

A

2.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

mango

branch

is

an

example

of

commensalism.

increasing disorderliness.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options

most appropriate answer from the options

given below :

given below :

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A).

not the correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

93

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

5.

8.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion

(A)

:

Animals

adopt

different

strategies to survive in hostile environment. Reason (R) : Praying mantis is green in color which merges with plant foliage. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

EN

6.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Number of trophic levels in a grazing food chain is restricted. Reason (R) : Transfer of energy "from one trophic level to next" follows 10 per cent law. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally upright. Reason (R) : Biomass of fishes far exceeds that of phytoplankton in sea. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : Secondary succession is faster than primary succession. Reason (R) : Secondary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

7.

A

LL

9.

94

Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Removal of keystone species cause serious disruption in the function of the community. Reason (R) : Keystone species are low in abundance (or biomass) than the dominant species. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

®



Biology : Ecology

10.

Pre-Medical

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

12.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Reason(R) .

Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Loss of tropical forest will

Assertion (A) : A substantial fall in CO2 and

exterminate the migratory birds of cold countires.

SO2 level has been found in Delhi between 1997

Reason (R) : Birds of cold countries spends the

and 2005.

winter in tropics.

Reason (R) : All the buses in Delhi were

In the light of the above statements, choose the

converted to run on lead free petrol by the end

most appropriate answer from the options

of 2002.

given below :

In the light of the above statements, choose the

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

most appropriate answer from the options

not the correct explanation of (A).

given below :

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is

EN

(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

not the correct explanation of (A).

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the

Reason(R) .

LL

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

Assertion (A) : Catalytic converters are used in automobiles to reduce air pollution.

Reason (R) : As exhaust pass through the

A

11.

Given below are two statements; one is labelled

catalytic converter, unburnt hydrocarbons are converted into CO2 , H2O and CO is converted into CO2.

13.

correct explanation of (A).

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Ramedeo Misra is known as father of ecology in India. (b) Mean annual precipitation in grassland is more than 200 cm. (c) Annual variation in intensity and duration of

In the light of the above statements, choose the

light on earth is due to its rotation around the

most appropriate answer from the options

sun and the tilt of its axis.

given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(d) Tropical

forest

shows

the

temperature

variation in a range between 0°C to 30°C. (e) Regional and local variation within biome lead to the formation of a wide variety of habitats. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b, c and e (2) a, b and c (3) a, c and e

(4) a, c, d and e

95

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

14.

(d) Conformers behave like regulators but only

Identify the wrong set of statements :

over a limited range of environmental

(a) The salt concentration is less than 5 PPT in

condition.

inland water and more than 100 PPT in

(e) Some snails and fishes go into hibernation to

hyper saline lagoons.

avoid cold stress.

(b) Aquatic organisms living in oceans and rivers

Choose the correct answer from options given

have plenty of water to survive and do not

below :

face any water related problem. (c) Diurnal and seasonal variation in light intensity and duration affects the migratory and reproductive activities of many animals.

17.

Identify the correct set of statements :

studying "intrinsic rate of natural growth. (c) When resources are not limiting, the growth

EN

15.

plot is logistic.

(d) Logistic growth model is considered a more

(a) Average temperature on land increases from the equator towards the pole.

realistic model as compared to exponential.

(e) All population of all species in nature has its disposal

(b) Eurythermal organism can tolerate wide

LL

range of temperature.

(c) Extent of geographical distribution of species

resources

to

Choose the correct answer from options given

tolerance.

(1) a, b and d

(2) a, b and c

(3) b, d and e

(4) a, b, c and d

A

(e) There are certain unique habitats on earth where temperature exceeds beyond 100°C. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b, c and e

(2) b, c and e

(3) a, c and e

(4) b, c, d and e

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) All vertebrates are capable of regulating body temperature. (b) Success of mammals is largely due to their ability of thermoregulation. (c) Higher plants have developed mechanisms to maintain internal temperature.

18.

permit

exponential growth.

below :

mango in the world.

96

unlimited

depends upon the level of their thermal (d) Temperate countries are major producers of

16.

Identify the correct set of statements :

population growth can be assessed by

Select the answer with correct options: (4) c and d

(4) b and d

(b) Impact of biotic and abiotic factors on

amount of light that penetrates the water.

(3) a and c

(3) b only

measuring tiger population.

living in a water body depends upon the

(2) b and c

(2) a, b and c

(a) Pug marks and fecal pellets are used for

(d) Rate of photosynthesis carried on by plants

(1) only b

(1) a, c and e

Identify the incorrect set of statements : (a) Predators

help

in

maintaining

species

diversity in a community. (b) Predators in nature are prudent. (c) The

weed

calotropis

produces

highly

poisonous cardiac glycosides. (d) The monarch butterfly is highly distasteful to its predator because of a special chemical present in its body. (e) A predator species is sustainable when it is highly efficient. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and e

(2) a, b, c and d

(3) d and e

(4) only e

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

Biology : Ecology

19.

Pre-Medical

Identify the correct set of statements :

(d) Inter connected food chains make food web.

(a) An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a

(e) Detritus food chain begins with primary producers.

mango tree is an example of commensalism.

Choose the correct answer from options given

(b) Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a photosynthetic fungus

below :

and saprophytic algae.

(1) a, b and c only

(2) a, c and d only

(3) a, b and e only

(4) a, b, c and d

(c) Sea anemone and Clawn fish show prey22.

predator relationship. (d) Gause's exclucsion principle justifies the co-

(a) India has more than 50,000 genetically

existance of two closely related species.

different strains of rice and 1,000 varities of

Choose the correct answer from options given

mango.

below :

(b) Eastern ghats have a greater amphibian

(1) a only

(2) a, b and d

(3) a, c and d

(4) a, b and c

species diversity than western ghats. (c) According to IUCN (2004) the total number

Identify the correct set of statements :

of plant and animal species described so far

(a) Primary productivity is lesser than secondary

is slightly more than 1.5 million.

(d) According to Rober May global species

productivity. (b) The

EN

20.

movement

of

energy

is

diversity is about 7 million.

always

unidirectional from lower trophic level to

Choose the correct answer from options given

higher trophic level in an ecosystem.

below :

distribution

occupying

of

different

stratification.

different

species

(1) a, b and c

(2) a, c and d

called

(3) a, b and d

(4) b, c and d

LL

(c) Vertical

levels

is

23.

(d) All the organic matter produced by the plant

A

is converted into biomass.

(e) NPP is the available biomass for the consumption to heterotrophs.

Choose the correct answer from options given below :

21.

Identify the correct set of statements :

(1) a, c and e

(2) a, b and c

(3) b, c and e

(4) c, d and e

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Mass of living material at each trophic level in a particular time is called standing crop. (b) Number of trophic level in the grazing food chain is restricted. (c) In an aquatic ecosystem, GFC is the major conduit for energy flow.

Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Breakdown of large habitats into small fragments is one of the major cause of loss of biodiversity. (b) Extinction of steller's sea cow and passenger pigeon is an example of co-extinctions. (c) Introduction of nile perch into lake Victoria in east Africa led to extinction of more than 200 Cichlid fish in the lake. (d) Loss of the biodiversity may lead to increased variability in some ecosystem processes such as plant productivity. Choose the correct answer from options given below : (1) a, b and c

(2) a, c and d

(3) a, b and c

(4) b, c and d

97

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

24.

26.

Identify the correct set of statements :

Statement-I : Motor vehicles equipped with

(a) Protection of entire forest to save a tiger is

catalytic converter should use leaded petrol

an example of in-situ conservation.

because lead activates the catalyst.

(b) Biodiversity hot spot regions shows high degree of endemism and high level of species

Statement-II : CNG burns more efficiently

richness.

unlike petrol or diesel and very little of it is left unbrunt.

(c) The earth summit was held in Rio-de

In the light of the above statements, choose the

Jameiro in 1992 for the protection of ozone

most appropriate answer from the options given

layer. (d) Zoological

parks

and

below:

botanical gardens

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

serves the purpose of ex-situ conservation.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

Choose the correct answer from options given

incorrect.

below : (1) a, b and d

(2) a, b and c

(3) b, c and d

(4) a, c and d

Given below are two statements: :

Particulate

correct.

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

size

of

2.5

27.

LL

Statement-I

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

EN

25.

Given below are two statements:

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Regional and local variations

for causing the greatest harm to human health.

within each biome lead to the formation of a

Statement-II : Electrode wires are maintained

wide variety of habitates.

at several thousand volts to remove particulate

Statement-II : Arctic and alpine tundra biomes

matter by using electrode static precipitator.

show highest temperature on earth.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

A

micrometer or less in diameter are responsible

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. Statement-I

correct.

98

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

incorrect.

(4) Both

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct. (4) Both

and

Statement-II

are

Statement-I

correct.

and

Statement-II

are

®



Biology : Ecology

28.

Pre-Medical

30.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Leaves of Opuntia are reduced to

Statement-I : Herbivores and plants appear to

spines and photosynthetic function is taken over

be more adversely affected by competition than

by stems.

carnivores.

Statement-II : Mammals from hot climates

Statement-II : Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos

generally have shorter ears

island became extinct within a decade after goats

and limbs to

maximise heat loss.

were introduced on island, apparently due to the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

greater browsing efficiency of the goat.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

incorrect.

incorrect.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

correct. (4) Both

EN

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

are

(4) Both

correct.

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

are

correct.

LL

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I : Immigration is the number of

31.

Given below are two statements:

individuals of same species who left the habitat

Statement-I : Under a particular selection

and gone elsewhere during the time period under

pressure organisms evolve towards the most

consideration.

efficient reproduction strategy.

A

29.

Given below are two statements:

Statement-II

:

Natality

and

emigration

Statement-II : Most of the birds and mammals

countribute to an increase in population density.

breed only once in their lifetime.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

correct.

correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

and

Statement-II

are

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

99

are

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

32.

34.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : All autotrophic plants are self-

Statement-I : Pyramid of energy is always

sustainable and do not need any other species for

upright.

survival.

Statement-II : A given species may occupy

Statement-II : In nature animals, plants and

more than one trophic level in the same

microbes do not and cannot live in isolation but

ecosystem at the same time.

interact in various ways to form biological

In the light of the above statements, choose the

community.

most appropriate answer from the options given

In the light of the above statements, choose the

below:

most appropriate answer from the options given

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

incorrect.

EN

correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(4) Both

correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

35.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

Dark

coloured

amorphous

substance humus is highly prone to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at very fast

A

rate.

Statement-II

:

Detritivores

help

in

mineralisation and humification of detritus. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

correct.

100

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements: Statement-I

:

The

natural

reservoir

of

phosphorus is rock, which contain phosphorus in the form of phophates. Statement-II : Significant gaseous exchange of phosphorus takes place between organisms and environment. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

correct. Statement-I

and

incorrect.

incorrect.

(4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

are

LL

33.

Given below are two statements:

and

Statement-II

are

(4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

and

Statement-II

are

®



Biology : Ecology

36.

Pre-Medical

38.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The biotic community is dynamic

Statement-I : Communities with more species

and undergoes changes with the passage of time.

shows less year-to-year variation in total biomass.

Statement-II : The changes in the biotic

Statement-II

communities during succession are sequentially

biodiversity shows high productivity.

ordered.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

with

higher

correct.

EN

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

(4) Both

correct. Statement-I

Community

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

incorrect.

(4) Both

:

incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

and

Statement-II

and

Statement-II

are

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Exploring molecular, genetic and

Statement-I : The diversity of plants and

species level diversity for products of economic

animals is uniform throughout the world.

importance is known as bioprospecting.

Statement-II : In general species diversity

Statement-II : Aproximetely more than 25% of

A

LL

Given below are two statements:

Statement-I

correct.

are

39.

correct. 37.

Given below are two statements:

decreases as we move away from equator

drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are

towards the pole.

derived from plants.

In the light of the above statements, choose the

In the light of the above statements, choose the

most appropriate answer from the options given

most appropriate answer from the options given

below:

below:

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.

incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

correct.

correct. (4) Both

Statement-I

correct.

(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

and

Statement-II

are

(4) Both

Statement-I

and

Statement-II

correct.

101

are

®



Biology : Ecology

Pre-Medical

40.

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Polyblend a fine powder of recycled modified plastic was developed by Ahmed Khan. Statement-II

:

Integrated organic farming

allows the maximum utilisation of resources and increases the efficiency of production. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (4) Both

Statement-I

and

EN

correct. Statement-II

A

LL

correct.

are

ANSWER KEY Que. Ans. Que. Ans. Que. Ans.

102

1 4 16 3 31 2

2 1 17 1 32 3

3 3 18 4 33 1

4 3 19 1 34 4

5 4 20 3 35 2

6 3 21 4 36 4

7 4 22 2 37 3

8 1 23 2 38 4

9 1 24 1 39 4

10 4 25 4 40 4

11 4 26 3

12 2 27 2

13 3 28 2

14 1 29 1

15 2 30 4