English Vocabulary (Speedy Study Guides)

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grandchild uncle aunt cousin nephew niece boyfriend girlfriend fiancé fiancée bride groom, bridegroom wife husband spouse father-in-law mother-in-law parents-in-law son-in-law daughter-in-law brother-in-law sister-in-law godfather godmother godson goddaughter godchild •

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Restaurant eating out bill (The bill please.) bottle dessert drink hungry thirsty menu order (Are you ready to order?) restaurant set meal table (A table for two please.) guest waiter Here you go. tip (Shall we tip the waiter?) •

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How do I get to …? What’s the best way to …? Where is …? Go straight on (until you come to …). Turn back./Go back. Turn left/right (into …-street). Go along … Cross … Take the first/second road on the left/right It’s on the left/right. straight on opposite near next to between] at the end (of) on/at the corner behind [bɪ’hʌɪnd] in front of (just) around the corner traffic lights crossroads, junction signpost • •

dormitory double room family room twin single double bed youth hostel bunk bed fill in a form reception receptionist key book in advance vacancies •

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Accomodation

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Asking for and Giving Directions

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Would another colour do? Would you like to try it on? The fitting room is over there. The dress suits [suːts, sjuːts] you very well. Pay at the cash desk / till, please. I’ll take this to the cash desk / till for you. Here you are. / Here you go. You’re welcome. That’s 20 euros/euro altogether. You don’t happen to have any change, do you? Here’s your change. Customer I need ... I’d like a bottle of milk, please. Have you got souvenirs? Do you sell stamps? Where can I buy post cards? Where can I get a film for my camera? Where can I find newspapers? Are these bottles returnable? It doesn’t fit me. It doesn’t suit [suːt, sjuːt] me. I don’t like it. It’s too small / big / wide / tight / expensive. I’m size ... Have you got this in another size / colour? May I try this on, please? Where can I try this on, please? How much is it? That’s all. Where is the cash desk / till? Could I get a receipt [rɪsiːt], please? Could I get a (plastic) bag, please? (I’m afraid/ Sorry) I don’t have any change. Do you accept credit cards? •

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Hotel arrival date / date of arrival departure date / date of departure room service air conditioning make a reservation / book a room request more information complete / fill in the form staff cancel a booking

Body Parts

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Shop Assistant Can I help you? What can I do for you? Are you being served? Sorry, we don’t sell stamps. Anything else? It’s on offer. Buy two for the price of one. How much / many would you like? What size do you take? Sorry, we are out of bread. •

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arm eye eyebrow belly leg breast thumb elbow fist finger

foot (plural: feet) ankle buttocks hair neck hand wrist hip chin knee head lip mouth nose nostril upper arm thigh ear bottom, bum back underarm, forearm lower leg shoulder forehead waist calf (plural: calves) cheek eyelash, lash tooth (plural: teeth) toe tongue •

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steep coast beach valley tropical divided •

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What’s the weather like today? What will the weather be like tomorrow? Nice day today, isn’t it? What awful weather! What a lovely day! It’s raining. It’s snowing. It’s … Tomorrow it will be … Yesterday it was … sunny cloudy overcast foggy stormy windy cold warm hot •

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Weather

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Formal but easier way

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Another possibility of saying ‘15 minutes to’ is: a quarter to Another possibility of saying ‘30 minutes past’ is: half past Example: 5:30 - half past five Note Use o’clock only at the full hour. Example: 7:00 - seven o’clock (but 7:10 - ten past seven) In English ordinary speech, the twelve-hour clock is used Beispiel: 17:20 - twenty past five For times around midnight or midday you can use the expressions midnight or midday / noon instead of the number 12. Beispiel: 00:00 - midnight

Geography arctic Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean mountain mountains state earthquake river temperate is bounded by capital island climate continent coast country sea bordering country national park North America ocean Pacific, Pacific Ocean San Andreas Fault (also: San Andreas Rift) lake

Another possibility of saying ‘15 minutes past’ is: a quarter past

What’s the Time in English? There are two common ways of telling the time.

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Say the hours first and then the minutes. Example: 7:45 - seven forty-five For minutes 01 through 09, you can pronounce the ‘0’ as oh. Example: 11:06 - eleven (oh) six More popular way Say the minutes first and then the hours. Use past and the preceding hour for minutes 01 through 30. Use to and the forthcoming hour for minutes 31 through 59, but . Example: 7.15 - fifteen minutes past seven Example: 7.45 - fifteen minutes to

Beispiel: 12:00 - midday or noon To make clear (where necessary) whether you mean a time before 12 o’clock noon or after, you can use in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night. Use in the morning before 12 o’clock noon, after 12 o’clock noon use in the afternoon. When to change from afternoon to evening, from evening to night and from night to morning depends on your sense of time. Example: 3:15 - a quarter past three in the morning OR a quarter past three at night More formal expressions to indicate whether a time is before noon or after are a.m. (also: am - ante meridiem, before noon) and p.m. (also: pm - post meridiem, after noon). Use these expression only with the formal way of telling the time.

Example: 3:15 - three fifteen a.m.

on this. I have no opinion in this matter. •

It is not usual to use a.m. and p.m. with past/to.

so that then / after that that’s why / so either ... or after all after of course though / although / even though or as soon as as long as finally / eventually in spite of / even so / all the same perhaps ... above all neither ... nor because first of all for example / for instance •

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Outlining Facts

Example: 3:15 - fifteen minutes past three OR a quarter past three

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The fact is that The (main) point is that ... This proves that ... What it comes down to is that ... It is obvious that ... It is certain that ... One can say that ... It is clear that ... There is no doubt that ... •

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American English •

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Beside past Americans often use after. •

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Example: 06:10 - ten past/after six •

But: in time expressions with half past it is not usual to replace past by after.

Agreement

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There are many reasons for ... There is no doubt about it that ... I simply must agree with that. I am of the same opinion. I am of the same opinion as the author. I completely/absolutely agree with the author. •

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Beside to Americans often use before, of or till. •

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Example: 05:50 - ten to/before/of/till six •

Stating your Opinion

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It seems to me that ... In my opinion, ... I am of the opinion that .../ I take the view that .. My personal view is that ... In my experience ... As far as I understand / can see, As I see it, ... / From my point of view ... As far as I know ... / From what I know ... I might be wrong but ... If I am not mistaken ... I believe one can (safely) say ... It is claimed that ... I must admit that ... I cannot deny that ... I can imagine that ... I think/believe/suppose ... Personally, I think ... That is why I think ... I am sure/certain/convinced that ... I am not sure/certain, but ... I am not sure, because I don’t know the situation exactly. I am not convinced that ... I have read that ... I am of mixed opinions (about / on) ... I am of mixed opinions about /

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First of all, I think ... Not only that, but I also think that . Not only are they ..., they are also ... They are not ..., nor are they ... There are various/several/many reasons for this. First, ... / Firstly, ... Second, ... / Secondly, ... Moreover, ... / Furthermore, ... / In addition, ... Another significant point is that . Finally, ... On the one hand, ... On the other hand, ... In contrast to this is ... Because of ... That is why ... After all, ... The reason is that ... In that respect ... The result of this is that ... Another aspect/point is that ... It is because ... Although it is true that ... it would be wrong to claim that ... That may sometimes be true, but ... One could argue that ..., but ...

Qualified Disagreement •

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Linking Arguments

It is only partly true that... I can agree with that only with reservations. That seems obvious, but ... That is not necessarily so. It is not as simple as it seems. Under certain circumstances ... •

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Disagreement There is more to it than that. The problem is that ... I (very much) doubt whether ... This is in complete contradiction to ... What is even worse, ... I am of a different opinion because ... I cannot share this / that / the view. I cannot agree with this idea. What I object to is ... Unlike the author I think ... •

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Providing Examples

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Conjunctions but / still / however especially / mainly / particularly before as / because / since •

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Take for example (the case of) ... Look at ...