yes A generic review of the Amiseginae, a group of phasmatid egg parasites, and notes on the Adelphinae (Hymenoptera, Bethyloidea, Chrysididae) [82/4, 1 ed.]

Citation preview

A GENERIC REVIEW OF THE AMISEGINAE, GROUP OF PHASMATID EGG PARASITES, AND NOTES ON THE ADELPHINAE (HYMENOPTERA,

BETHYLOIDEA,

BY KARL Research

Entomology

United

States

A

CHRYSID1DAE)

V. KR0MBEIN

Branch,

Agricultural

Department

Research

Service,

of Agriculture

one of the of genera reviewed here constitutes and known of groups very Hymenoptera. rarely poorly The component of them highly specialized genera, many forms, some of them having have not been placed together previously, been assigned to a variety of different, or even monotypic, fam The

complex collected

ilies. Members ferred

of the complex groups

such diverse

have been described as the Chalcidoidea,

in, or trans

to, Bethylidae, of the Tiphiidae, and even Cleptidae, Myrmosinae Chrysididae, a no determinable in separate family with affinities, the Alieni dae (or Alieniscidae). interest in the group was aroused several years ago when My E. S. Ross asked me, in connection with my studies on the wasps a new and the Solomon of New Guinea to examine Islands, " " alienid from New Guinea. Study of this species and of sev eral other more or less closely related genera in the collections Museum of the U. S. National convinced me of the advisability of the group. This paper, then, pre of a generic reclassification sents a revised characterization of the subfamily Amiseginae, a and descrip key to the known genera, revised generic diagnoses, tions of several new genera and species. Brief discussions are on the taxonomic also presented of members sub of the history and rela family, the known host relationships, zoogeography, Some notes are presented also on a tionships with other groups. the Adelphinae, since it may very closely related subfamily, that established this should be group eventually merged with Amiseginae. (147) TRANS,

amer.

ent.

soc,

lxxxii.

be the

148

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

to the follow It is a pleasure to acknowledge my indebtedness as who have in this detailed assisted op ing specialists study names: their Dr. former the Director of posite George Arnold, National of Southern Rhodesia, Museum for the loan of the arnoldi Benoit; Dr. William L. Brown, unique type of Alieniscus of the Museum of at Harvard Jr., Comparative College Zoology for the loan of the unique specimen of a new genus and species of Adelphinae described below ;Dr. Kenneth W. Cooper, head of the Department of Biology at the University of Rochester for the donation in Costa

him

cional

of material

Rica; de Agronomia, of his Duckeia

of Amisega and Adelphe collected by da Costa Lima of the Escola Na for the donation of a pair of para Brasil,

Dr.

A.

of Cornell Uni cyanea; Dr. H. E. Evans loan of several specimens of Adelphe; Dr. Delfa of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale at Genoa for Guiglia the type of Promesitius available making flavicollis Kieffer; Mr. E. F. Riek of the Commonwealth and Industrial Re Scientific search Organization at Canberra, Australia, for the donation of of some of the Australian paratypes species described him, by types

versity

for the

and

for making available a specimen for study and description of a new genus and species of Amiseginae which he had bor rowed from the Paris Museum; Dr. E. S. Ross of the California of Sciences at San for first stimulating my Academy Francisco, interest in this group by the loan of the new genus and species from New

Guinea described of North below; Dr. H. K. Townes State College at Raleigh for the loan of material col lected by him and his family in North Carolina and the Philip of the British Museum pines; and Dr. I. H. H. Yarrow (Natural for at considerable of time, History) searching out, expenditure and loaning to me the African material studied by J. A. Reid, and for many valuable notes on the Cameron and Kieffer types in that Museum. Carolina

Historical

Review

In considering the taxonomic it will history of this subfamily be more helpful to treat the three component series of genera rather than to attempt to relate the history in strictly separately, order. chronological

KARL

V.

KROMBEIN

149

The of the relatively taxonomic winged primitive, history American Cameron Series has been rather untroubled. Amisega was considered by that author (1888) to belong to the Cleptinae in the Chrysididae. review (1889), in his monumental Mocsary of the Chrysididae, erected the subfamily for this Amiseginae as and it the first followed single genus placed by the subfamily Ashmead followed classification (1902) Cleptinae. Mocsary's so that the Amiseginae but reversed the order of subfamilies stood last (seventh), and added to it a new genus from North Costa Lima (1936) described Duckeia America, Mesitiopterus. and placed it near A?nisega. The assignment of the brachypterous and entirely wingless Old World genera has resulted in several considerably divergent I suppose that this has been due to several factors, viewpoints. of thoracic structure occasioned including the modifications by and aptery, the fact that the typically subaptery telescoped terminal abdominal are rarely exserted, and the non segments of the primitive winged American availability genera to most of the workers who described the Old World genera. The earliest described of the Australasian Series is genus for Walker, 1866, (preoccupied by Newman), Torre proposed the substitute name, Myrmecomi female which genus was based on a brachypterous Walker a to be male chalcidoid. Promesi erroneously supposed a of was described synonym tins, Myrmecomimesis, by Kieffer of the family Proctotrupidae. (1905) in the Bethylinae Later Kieffer to the tribe Mesitiini of the (1914) assigned Promesitius This tribal arrangement, bethylid based subfamily Bethylinae. on the acute posterolateral in the four angles of the propodeum component genera, grouped together a heterogeneous assemblage which are now recognized as belonging to the Rhopalosomatidae, and Bethylidae. Reid on p. 409) Chrysididae (1941, footnote that a Promesitius in suggested sub belonged highly aberrant with several other undescribed family of Chrysididae African On an earlier page genera. in discussing Pro (p. 407) Reid, the significant makes statement mesitius, "The (italics mine), head is like that of a Chrysidid, in particular and of Amisega,

Myrmecopsis which Dalla mesis. This

TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

150 quite

REVIEW

unlike

Cresmophaga

that and

Myrmecomimesis,

OF

AMISEGINAE

. . ." Riek of a Bethylid; herein Ootheres, placed as Cleptidae. and Exova

(1955) described as synonyms of The Philippine

al Kieffer, Cladobethylus 1922, was assigned to the Bethylinae, an was it member its that anomalous author though recognized of that group. Rohweria The Philippine Fouts, 1925, was de a true scribed in the Bethylidae it ran to Mesitius, because in Kieffer's bethylid, The genus which African

(1914). key has caused the most

is Alienus

within

the

1919 (preoccupied by Hand the substitute name, Oben proposed In describing Alienus from a single apterous individ bergerella. ual of indeterminate of its affin sex, Bridwell was so uncertain ities that he erected a new family for it, the Alienidae, which he lirsch),

Series for which

confusion

Bridwell,

Strand

believed fitted best in the Proctotrupoidea. He mentioned why it could not be associated with the Ceraphronidae, Bethylidae, and other families of the Embolemidae, Dryinidae, Pompilidae, but apparently, at least in print, did not consider the Scolioidea, of assignment in the Chrysidoidea. Brues and possibility a Melander made brilliant in their guess (1932) Conspectus to the Chrysidoidea (p. 25) in which they assigned the Alienidae the with and along Cleptidae Chrysididae. However, they are the innocent cause of one of the resulting erroneous assignments for this family. from Bridwell's Working original description out the Alienidae in two places. Their couplet alone, they keyed 15 (pp. 474-475), which the Terebrantia from the separates on is based a sec the of and Aculeata, mainly type ovipositor, but not character is whether the trochanters ondary, exclusive, are two-segmented. Since the type of ovipositor was unknown in the Alienidae, and Bridwell had characterized it (erroneously) as having two-segmented Brues and Melander trochanters, pru it out in both the Terebrantia and Aculeata. In dently keyed the first group it keyed a out among number of families of and in the latter it keyed out with various wing Chalcidoidea, less Proctotrupoidea and Aculeata. This was quite a sensible provision except that in the index the only reference to Alienidae is to the page where it keys out in the Chalcidoidea. Inevita the assignment to bly, another worker was bound to overlook

KARL

V. KROMBEIN

151

to notice that the family in the Conspectus, the Chrysidoidea was seemingly and to ask the to Chalcidoidea, firmly assigned This action was himself just where it fitted in that superfamily. the group as the taken by Essig (1942, p. 650) who assigned last family totrupoidea. not possible

the Proc in the Chalcidoidea preceding immediately was of Alienus the correct assignment Actually,

of the undescribed specimens brachypterous in my hands, for Brid Guinea were placed due to breakage dur of Alienus aenigmaticus, to Washington, from Hawaii other specimens consisted of only a thorax glued to a point, plus a detached head or might not belong with the thorax. and abdomen which might of the almost wingless and Critical species comparison study

until species from New well's unique type ing shipment with

thorax of Alienus Guinea with the wingless aenigma and convinced me that the head and its abdomen, ticus, putative two belong in the same subfamily though in discrete genera, and from New

head and abdomen are actually also that the detached parts of was the still realization that More BridwelFs important type. the differences between these two genera and the winged Ameri were of a very can representatives to the Amiseginae assigned and related to the Alienus was apparently

loss of wings in the former two overlooked genera. (1941) in by Reid on of work the thorax and his masterful apterous brachypterous but study of his work convinced me that the new Hymenoptera, of highly aberrant Chrysididae proposed subfamily tentatively consists of genera belonging (p. 409, footnote) actually by Reid This to the same group as Alienus. conclusion was borne out minor

nature

studied by Reid was made available to me. later, when material The recently described African genus, Alieniscus Benoit, 1951, was assigned by that author to a separate family of the Acu leata along with Obenbergerella without further discussion of the as was his privi affinities of the family. Benoit also proposed, in or lege, that the family should be known as the Alieniscidae consonance the original of the family name. after examining it and (1951), placed Alieniscus, in the tiphiid subfamily Myrmosinae, as a new Obenbergerella tribe to which he applied the name Obenbergerellini. der

to preserve

Ghesqui?re

TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

152

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

Distribution

of the Amiseginae is of a very curious dis the evidence and is very striking in favor of its type, a The had southern group is represented by sev having origin. areas? eral genera and a few species in each of three main east America north from de and of the Rio Janeiro tropical an extension northward into the Austral and Transi Andes, with The

distribution

continuous

tion Zones

a narrow

from strip of South Africa New and from Australia, Rhodesia, The American and India. Borneo, Burma Philippines, Guinea, Series has three genera and nine described forms, the Australian Series comprises eight valid genera and twenty-four species, and the Cape

of North

America, to Southern

region

The Series includes three genera and four species. are and small with insects habits, retiring Amiseginae relatively it seems probable that a few undescribed genera and a number of undescribed species still remain to be collected. In connection with this distribution it is to be noted that the areas the each form from genera major separate series of rather the African

the American genera are distin Thus, in eyes bare, except Mesitiopterus, guished by having fully a small postscutellum, the propodeal dorsum developed wings, on without dentate posterolateral angles, no suture anteriorly an tarsal with erect inner and claws the tooth. disk, mesopleural closely

related

forms.

the

Series the eyes are hairy, tegulae are present are brachypterous, females except Atopogyne the fore to and the reduced hind wings apparently wings being tiny pads is very large, the posterolateral absent, the postscutellum angles are dentate, an oblique suture is present an of the propodeum disk, and the tarsal claws have an teriorly on the mesopleural In the Australasian

but

the

inner tooth. The African genera have hairy eyes except er are and lack tegulae, the post Obenberg ella, entirely wingless covers almost the entire apical part of the thoracic scutellum an oblique suture is pres is not dentate, dorsum, the propodeum erect

on the mesopleural ent anteriorly disk, and the tarsal claws are forms are unquestionably The American the most prim simple. the most highly derivative. itive, and the South African some of which serve as hosts during the egg The Phasmatidae, for certain, somewhat though stage

if not all, of the Amiseginae, exhibit a similar broader distribution. latest work G?nther's

KARL

V.

on the systematic (1953) these insects contains maps

153

KROMBEIN

and zoogeography arrangement the distribution of most charting

of of oc

also show that the phasmatids These maps the subfamilies. cur predominantly in the Southern Hemisphere. Their distribu for a few tion is somewhat broader than that of the Amiseginae, occur the in southern around Mediterranean Japan, species Basin, the Malagasy sub-region, New Zealand and the Solomons, col It is possible, of course, that more thorough and in Chile. the fauna may demonstrate lecting of the microhymenopterous in at least some of these areas. presence of Amiseginae Host

Relationships

some prob The few published rearing records indicate with are parasitic on the of the Amiseginae ability that all members the available egg stage of Phasmatidae. However, rearing rec are so scanty, and the classifi ords and specimens of Amiseginae cation of the walking sticks is so chaotic, that it is not possible at this time to determine the extent to which the distribution is with that of various correlated groups amisegines sticks. walking The type series of Duckeia cyanea Costa Lima emerged various

of of

in from the eggs of the pseudophasmatine, October ohrt Prisopus manni laid in a row on a plant in the Horto Bot?nico, (Licht.), Rio de Janeiro. Costa Lima included a photograph of the row of 17 eggs, each containing one emergence hole of the parasitic Dr. Costa Lima advised me wasp. {in litt.) that in each case the parasite the of the egg. The emerged through operculum was series of parasitized found in and no further eggs August, data

rearing

were

given.

Milliron (1950) reported rearing Mesitiopterous from eggs of the common heteronemiine walking

kahlii stick

Ashm. of North

The parasitized America, Diapheromera femorata eggs Say. were collected, presumably on the ground, at Brainerd, Minne from sota, in the summer of 1947 and the adult wasps emerged June 11 to 20, 1948. Milliron noted that the wasps emerged of the host egg without through the operculum rupturing the egg shell. There is an unpublished rearing record from this same host

inWisconsin.

sitized TRANS.

eggs brought AMER. ENT.

Adult

wasps emerged in January into the laboratory the preceding

SOC, LXXXII.

from para October.

154

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

of Myrme (1955) reported that in Australia specimens M. coeruleus (Riek), M. rubri nigripedicel (Kieff.), M. M. and (Riek) semiglabra (Riek) bispiuosa (Riek), femur and wilkiusoni Mach, had been reared from eggs of Podacauthus Riek

comimesis

also from eggs of Didymuria bispiuosa and M. semiglabra sticks of these Both violescens (Leach). walking podacanthine on on the the broadcast feed and eggs foliage of Eucalyptus of M.

ground.

It

seems

rather unlikely morpha buprestoides (Stoll), serve as hosts of Amiseginae, to have fossorial legs. Relationships

of

the

like Aniso walking sticks, in the soil could which oviposit since none of the latter are known

that

Amiseginae

to

other

Chrysididae

as delimited and defined by Mocsary the Chrysididae, one in to two main be (1889, 1890), there appear divisions, convex which the abdomen is beneath and the integument of the is concave thin, the other in which the abdomen body relatively Within

beneath

and the integument of the body very much thickened. are correlated with the host re characters morphological of the two divisions, of the first division members lationships in the eggs of walking sticks or on sawfly pre being parasitic of the second division their cocoons, and members pupae within of other wasps and bees. being almost cleptoparasites entirely The thickened and capability of rolling into a ball integument the concave abdominal by flexing the head and thorax against as protection venter serve members of the second division from These

by adults of the host wasp or bee. first division is composed of three subfamilies, the Clepti and Adelphinae. The members of the first sub nae, Amiseginae on the prepupal family, so far as known, are parasitic stage of attack The

sawflies

in their cocoons. 1802, Heterocoelia

The

described

genera

include

Cleptes Latreille, Dahlbom, 1854, Cleptidea Mocsary, 1911. It is probable that the last 1904, and Godfrinia Kieffer, or only subgenerically two are either congeneric distinct. The are a more

and primitive group than the generalized or and from them as may be separated Amiseginae Adelphinae, follows: head much wider than high; eyes comparatively much Cleptinae

KARL

V.

KROMBEIN

155

in both sexes robust and bulging; mandibles space shorter, not longitudi apical teeth; malar nally grooved ; sculpture of lower part of front not differentiated from that on upper part; upper part of front with median thorax relatively the width about two-thirds groove; broader, the length; abdomen the first two segments longer, relatively

smaller and with several

not

subequal in length to the third and fourth; anterior terga flexed under laterally, but not divided into distinct laterotergites by a a and first sternum without median keel. groove ; The remaining of the first division, subfamilies the Amiseginae are very closely and Adelphinae, and future material related, demonstrate that they should be merged into a single sub The chief differences of importance between them are: family. the lateral surface of pronotum in Adelphinae has a marginal is lacking in Amiseginae groove above, which ; the posterolateral lobes touch the tegulae in the former but are separated pronotal from the tegulae in the latter group ; the mid coxae are narrowly

may

in Adelphinae, in Amiseginae separated ; in the fe contiguous of Adelphinae males the tarsal segments beneath have moder in the Amiseginae ately dense, suberect bristles, while they have two rows of tiny spines ; in the males of Adelphe, the only adel are known, the mandible is a relatively phine in which males foliaceous structure with one or two small acute huge, flattened, teeth at tip, while in the Amisegiifcae the mandible is much less more it is broader on one and flattened developed though robust, or two sides as contrasted with the of slender, subulate mandible females. Amiseginae Subfamily

Sexual

Characterization

is very slight in the genera which are dimorphism fully in both sexes, exhibited winged and only in shape of mandibles, characters of retracted abdominal characters of (and segments hind tarsi of Duckeia). In most of the genera in which the fe males are brachypterous or wingless, are fully winged the males and there is strong sexual dimorphism. trans,

amer.

ent.

soc,

LXXXII.

156

of

review

amiseginae

narrow

in frontal view usually (figs. 1-2, 5-12) less pyriform in outline, the eyes moderately to well labrum space moderately developed; cealed beneath clypeus, apical margin rounded; Head

or

more

broader

robust,

and

palpi

long

a half

from

elongate, as the

segment the second;

lower

or

half

cave

in Cladobethylus (flat a narrow median without from

(fig.

4) to

to

a

two

4-segmented; insertion rather as

third

or less more slender, an acute in male tip, sides (fig. 4a) ; labial antennae geniculate,

as

long

scape or as

raised; strongly rest of antenna,

opposite

and

shallowly Thorax (figs.

con and shallowly of front broadly and of front flat upper Colocar), part to moderately ocelli groove; separated, slightly rather the posterior narrowly separated pair two-thirds and

in Rohweria, except inner eye margins;

behind

strongly bulging, con largely rudimentary, a median without clypeus

two or three in and first except segments pedicel flagellar as to seven-eighths also and from one-third elongate pedicel in Iudothrix; the first flagellar the first flagellar except segment as long as and from one and a third to five times also elongate

Indothrix; long as

small

female

more

elongate,

malar

tapering gradually on one or flattened

maxillary palpi rim of antennal

3-segmented, inner 13-segmented;

very

in

mandibles carina; cross and section

longitudinal circular in

and

to

very poorly developed, temples head in females; fourth of eye on posterior third.

upper concave

obtusely beneath

angulate broadly

as long as broad rather narrow, about twice or more ; 13-24) as lobes to tegulae in almost large, extending posterolaterally as viewed lobes these and brachypterous divergent forms, winged more or less quadrate and surface of pronotum the dorsal above;

pronotum fully from

a marginal

lacking

furrow

on

disk

and

anteriorly

prepectus

laterally;

present. as figured or apterous; venation brachypterous Fully winged, transverse anal in fully winged forms without hind wing lobe; of the basal medial vein of forewing beyond origin meeting erect setae rather very sparse; long slender, (figs. 26, 27) Legs a small erect at base without above the hind pair contiguous,

34), vein

trochanters narrow be

basal

one-segmented; often portion

apparently

tibia

vestigial;

two-segmented; tarsus fore

hind

femur

paler

in color tibial

hind causing the smaller 1-2-2,

spurs

without

comb;

tarsi

two

with

beneath. spines Abdomen usually relatively broad, short, (figs. 28-31), four visible with the venter convex, segments flattened, fifth

and

sixth

somewhat

in males)

exserted

of four-fifths about very constituting large, or more distinct visible laterotergites terga with under

in

forms

with

rounded well-developed in female ments very in other

Chrysididae.

strongly median elongate,

flattened keel each

on

near

narrowed

abruptly thus

; first and entire

the

which

abdomens; basal half;

telescoped

(figs. 32 median vein. coxae

lamella; this base,

trochanter

to

one

on

hind

rows

of

tiny

rather strongly the (occasionally second segments

two first length; are abruptly flexed a sternum with first

retracted apical within the preceding

seg as

KARL

to

Key well

1. Wings ?

developed to small reduced

Wings

as

carina occipital or dentate podeum

SERIES

its length in middle 0.2-0.4 carina dorsum of absent; both AMERICAN sexes;

apparently

0.75-1.6

developed,

present

and

dorsally

angulate

as

times

long as scutel dorsum of pro

laterally;

AUSTRALASIAN

posterolaterally;

.5

as long as eye height; a with quite long, 0.6 times temple ; frontal rugose flange posteriorly concavity ; posterior coarsely of propodeum a deep with abruptly pronotum declivous; on posterior Brazil.Duckeia Costa Lima groove half;

median Malar

space not temple and closely

short, frontal

relatively

0.11-0.17

as

times

into

interocular

distance

flanged;

posterior furrows Parapsidal width

and

; pronotum

Parapsidal ocular

at

relatively

ocellus

rounding

as

times

long

notaulices times

front absent; half the head

ocellus as

long

as

eye

height; or finely gradually

scutum;

broader,

width; Nearctic

Mesitiopterus not postscutellum

area of triangular lateral darkened areas; curved inward and abruptly

from

the head

as scutum

;

Cameron

.Amisega

median

sculpture cell ginal

punctate

front present; narrower, 0.36-0.42 times the

0.92-0.97

shorter,

anterior 1.25

longer,

both

anterior

relatively

Region furrows present,

distance

5. Enclosed

notaulices at

as

long

concavity delicately dorsal surface of propodeum lin?ate; surface not grooved .4 ; pronotum

Neotropical

streak

almost

the

inter

pronotum Region Ashmead in

differing closing stub of

mar

from radial upward of propodeum a long, acute with spur; posterolaterally Borneo new genus and Burma.Atopogyne, unknown; area of postscutellum Enclosed median in shape, variable the sculpture different from that of lateral darkened streak almost areas; closing cell outward and from stub of marginal curving evenly upward radial dorsum of propodeum a with vein; posterolaterally only dorsum

vein; males

?

6.

?

sclerite,

tegulae,

space

strong surface

?

transverse

more

much

lum;

4.

than

.3

Postscutellum

?

or

larger

as scutellum; long occipital rounded posterolaterally;

propodeum

3. Malar

.2

no

pads

.10 a narrow

SERIES ?

Amiseginae

functional

absent

entirely 2. Postscutellum times

of

Genera and

157

KR0MBEIN

V.

blunt .6 small, angulation First and second terga with larger punctures separated by interspaces not much than the diameter of a puncture; coxa above hind larger a without carina outer females basally along margin; known; Australia Dalla Torre .Myrmecomimesis and

First never

quently margin trans,

amer.

second less

than

much except ent.

terga three

with times

hind greater; in Indothrix;

soc,

LXXXII.

finer, the coxa

the punctures, of a puncture,

sparser diameter above

Oriental

carinate forms

.7

basally

interspaces and fre along

outer

158

review

rather

7. Mesopleuron oblique ments ?

furrow; least 3.5

at

of

uniformly antennae very as

times

antennae

much

flagellar coxa carinate

8. Hind

elongate, as wide.8

shorter are

seg

flagellar

a moderately separating rest than delicately sculptured in Cladobethylus inter where except as long as wide.9 3.0 times furrow

oblique is more

segments above

an

without

upper part intermediate

sculptured,

long

an above with Mesopleuron area which small triangular of disk; mediate

amiseginae

at

outer base pronotum along margin; a short median with the pos convex, groove strongly posteriorly, terior declivous and intermediate margin quite abruptly thick; near base; not tuberculate beneath segments apical margin flagellar or very sternum of second and broadly incurved; straight slightly females

?

new

unknown

coxa

Hind

; Philippines.Colocar, at base; above carinate

not

pronotum not margin

genus convex,

moderately

intermedi groove, posterior thickened; a small subbasal beneath with pos tubercle; segments a relatively sternum with median of second deep, new genus unknown ; India.Indothrix, ; females emargination as long 3.0 times 9. Antenna intermediate segments elongate, flagellar median

without ate

flagellar terior margin

as wide; head the height than very greater elongate, abdominal lower front with strongly sides; converging hairs ; body with only weak metallic only a few scattered females .Cladobethylus Philippines unknown; ?

the

width, sterna

with

reflections

;

Kieffer

as at most 1.5 times intermediate segments shorter, flagellar a bit than height; head the width greater shorter, long as wide; blue sterna metallic rather densely haired abdominal ; ; body strongly Fouts females .Rohweria Philippines unknown;

Antenna

10.

Scutum

lateral

without

malar

space

a

with

and wing visible; pads present, claws wTith an erect tarsal groove; hind dorsum of thoracic dentate; angles a bit second fourth than through longer tegulae

lobes;

longitudinal

inner tooth; posterolateral as long as or basitarsus

SERIES .11

segments; AUSTRALASIAN ?

with

Scutum of

lateral

are

these

lobes

which

malar

present;

conceal

tegulae

not

grooved;

space

dorsum of thoracic posterolateral angles and than second long as or a bit longer 1.2 times

Pronotum and on

posterior well

known ?

as

long

and

AFRICAN

and

of lengths without

scutellum scutum, a median groove

dorsal surface of absent; parapsidal into the oblique rounding gradually developed, males the head head width 0.9 times height;

half;

0.6-0.8

parapsidal

rounded; third segments;

combined convex, furrows

strongly

surface; Guinea ; New

Pronotum lum

as

postscutellum,

podeum terior

if vestiges wings tarsal claws simple; as hind basitarsus

.13

SERIES 11.

and

times

as

postscutellum, furrows strongly

long with

.Exopapua, combined lengths a median groove

as

developed;

dorsal

new of on

surface

scutum,

pro pos un

genus scutel

posterior half; of propodeum

KARL

in middle, the posterior to dorsal surface;

short, especially and perpendicular

abruptly width 1.1

declivous times

the

with four acute of propodeum above the outer teeth, as long as scape segment; long, as long as first flagellar con and first three pedicel segments; pronotum strongly flagellar fused metapleuron lateral surface of propodeum and vex; smooth;

Posterior

surface

very

pair

males ?

surface head

.12

height 12.

159

KROMBEIN

V.

unknown

Posterior acute

teeth

are

which

as pedicel and long notum rather weakly of propodeum 13. Thoracic

than

two

convex; or wholly

with

coarse,

with

above

shorter first

partly

dorsum

tudinal

Riek

; Australia.Exova of propodeum

surface

first

only

flagellar

segments flagellar fused metapleuron

a

lateral

segment; combined; and lateral

pair

of

scape

as

pro surface

or rugulose; males punctate known; Australia .Myrmecomimesis Dalla Torre confluent in longi punctures arranged

not extending to apex a definite dorsal surface dorsum, femora and beneath above with erect tibiae along midline; long, scattered confluent upper coarse, setae; part of head with punctures; males Zululand and Southern Rhodesia unknown; of

rows;

apical

of postscutellum margin the propodeum with

with

small

thoracic

Alieniscus ?

Thoracic

dorsum

of postscutellum the propodeum and

beneath with 14.

?-

in middle without tibiae

above

small

Frontal

Benoit

or finely punctures, apex lin?ate; with of thoracic apex coinciding dorsum, a dorsal surface femora along midline; erect without of head upper setae; part scattered

punctures.14

separated with concavity

transverse dorsum rugae ; thoracic strong fewer, and antennal short finely closely longitudinally lin?ate; flagellum fusiform twice that of postscutellum ;median length ; known pronotal sexes ; Pondoland from both new genus .Reidia, Frontal with more arched thoracic dor numerous, concavity carinae; sum with fine and scattered fine antennal shagreening punctures; flagellum filiform; as postscutellum;

median males

pronotal unknown;

about length Town

1.3

times

Obenbergerella

The This opterus

series

includes

and Duckeia,

American

at present all known

as

long

Cape

Strand

Series three

genera, Amisega, Mesiti in both sexes. It is the most in the subfamily and rather easily separa

primitive assemblage ble from the more specialized

and African Australasian Series of the Old World fauna. are common to The following characters all three genera except as noted, the character peculiar to this series alone being set in italics: malar space with longitudinal TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

160

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

ex in Mesitiopterus; eyes bare or with carina of dorsum prono setae; occipital absent; tremely in Duckeia; tum without median groove except longitudinal in size; parapsidal furrows present, tegulae and wings normal the scutum not ex in Mesitiopterus, notaulices except present is weak

which

groove

short

disk not margined by a panded laterally ;mesopleural anteriorly of very narrow; groove; postscutellum angles posterolateral with a median thoracic dorsum rounded; propodeum longitudi nal carina, the dorsal surface of propodeum rounding gradually or abruptly into posterior the latter surface, oblique or perpen dicular to dorsal hind basitarsus

surface as long through fourth segments with laterotergites set off

; tarsal claws with an erect inner tooth ; as or a bit longer than the second first three abdominal combined; terga delicate grooves. by

AMISEGA (Figures Amisega

Cameron,

1888.

Biol.

Cameron 1, 13, 31,

Centr.-Amer.,

32) 1: 457.

Hym.,

1888. Monotypic Amisega cuprifrous Cameron, Genotype: and by designation of Ashmead, 1902. This appears to be the most primitive of the known Amisegi nae. It is readily differentiated from all genera by the following of characters: in both sexes; combination well developed wings of both notaulices and parapsidal presence furrows; very short rounded posterolateral dor postscutellum; angles of propodeal of sum; absence of a furrow along the oblique anterior margin the mesopleural disk ; and tarsal claws with an erect inner tooth. as to the host relationships, is known the Nothing though kahlii Ashm. has been reared from closely related Mesitiopterus stick Diapheromera eggs of the walking femorata Say. and

Female times

as wide

mandibles broad

sulcus

robust, with

from

as

Male.?Head as

thoracic the

outer

rather

one-sixth

figured (fig. 1), delicately at posterolateral prothoracic surface and flattened inferior

width

dense to

long one-ninth

malar setae; as long as

space

punctured,

1.2

male angles; a surface with de

moderately

eye

eyes height; bare; a median a narrow median without concavity groove carina, present on lower half, the sculpture some elsewhere either smooth with entirely or very scattered inner eye margins punctures closely, transversely lin?ate; veloped, frontal

converging

very

slightly

toward

vertex,

the

interocular

distance

at

lower

KARL

ends

of

1.1

about

eyes

times

interocular

the

161

KROMBEIN

V.

at

distance

level

of

anterior

rather

at anterior ocellus its width from 0.36 to 0.45 narrow, as the head at that antennal about width scape point; elongate, as pedicel and first two segments long flagellar combined; flagellum circular in cross section, the segments elongate fusiform, decreasing gradu as broad as long; vertex in length until the sixth where ally they are about front

ocellus; times

rounded convex, evenly feebly Thorax (fig. 13) finely sculptured; in that the from Atopogyne chiefly

into

very

front. as figured

venation costa

of

forewing

(fig. 32), differing is not produced be is the marginal cell

and the darkened streak yond stigma closing nearly as long curved from stub of radial vein; 0.92-0.97 times pronotum evenly as scutum; as long as scutum; from to a half scutellum two-thirds post as long as scutellum; a fourth to a sixth scutellum of very short, length from propodeum from two-thirds

to

base to

transverse

almost

as

long

groove declivity just before posterior as scutellum; with pos metapleuron shallow and the endophragmal groove

terior margin indicated by a broad, surface dorsal of propodeum into the oblique pos pit; rounding gradually terior both surfaces bisected carina which is margined surface, by a strong on each side by a row of foveolae, area and then a laterad of this a smooth foveolate

impression

the

margin

lateral

foveolate

erect

without usually abdomen.

half, and

top

setae;

hind

toward

femur

as

Abdomen

figured (fig. 31), delicately line at base of second tergum

dorso ventral of

inward

abdomen of

shallowly

abdominal

dorsal surface foveate; near its apex. some with scattered soft,

impression beneath

Femora

width

curving also

at

declivity concave.

that

point; a without

first

erect

transverse, hairs; almost

extending

sides

straight

and

declivity

1. aeneiceps Ducke, Included forms: 1903; 9 from the Guiana coast to Tef?? in Amazonas, var. azurescens Ducke, 2. aeneiceps 1903;

arcuate,

tibiae

sculptured, strongly two-thirds about

with tergum transverse groove,

and

attachment,

a

with

to

above apex

of

flattened, as

long as on basal broadly

S ;Amazonia Brazil 9 S ; no lo

calities the typical specified, presumably occurring with form 3. cooperi, new species; 9 S ;Turrialba, Costa Rica =? 4. cuprijrons Cameron, Panama ; Bugaba, 1888; "9" 5. mocsaryi from the 1902; 9 S ; all Amazonia Ducke, Atlantic Ocean to Peru 6. mocsaryi var. cyaniceps Ducke, 1911; 9 S ; no local ities Species var.

specified, presumably occurring with studied : 9 aeneiceps, 9 $ cooperi

cyaniceps.

TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

the typical form. and 9 mocsaryi

162

REVIEW

cooperi*,

Amisega

The

new

species

OF

AMISEGINAE

Figs.

1, 13, 31,

32.

female

of this species is readily distinguished by the fol the combination of characters: fasciate cop lowing forewing; and pery dorsum of head and thorax, dark blue on propodeum rest of head, and dark green mesopleuron and ; densely minutely thoracic dorsum; and very frontal punctate sparsely punctate are In male the and dark the blue with head thorax concavity. on lower part of mesopleuron, the fore green reflections as in female since the wing is fasciate though not so markedly infumated areas are much sparser, the lighter and the vestiture some

dorsum is somewhat of head and thoracic sparser punctation of larger punctures, and the frontal concavity and composed is very sparsely punctate. from a single specimen, sup A. cuprifrous Cameron, described a from is apparently the female, Panama, Bugaba, posedly a Dr. Yarrow writes that the type is actually closest relative. is less infumated than the male, that the base of the forewing and that and the head apex but with no definite pale band, the propodeum dark blue and thorax have coppery reflections, The type of cuprifrous is also substantially green. larger than mm. as mm. 9 to 5.4-6.0 cooperi, compared long rather marked sexual dimorphism, the species exhibits but has somewhat lacks any coppery coloration, and larger on dorsum of head and thorax, a more weakly sparser punctures infumated and a forewing with sparser and suberect pubescence, sexes on sev face. The association of is based broader slightly the entire series was taken at Turrialba, eral factors: Costa This

male

on young banana leaves just before storms from June 14 Rica, to 24, 1949; the frontal concavity, and abdominal propodeum are are similar sexes each the two sculptured; tergites similarly in size; and both sexes have a pair of narrow ferruginous stripes on mesosternum which do not occur in the other known members The possibility of the genus. exists, of course, that the associated here with cooperi may actually be the opposite

female sex of

cuprifrous. * It named

is most for its

that this fitting Kenneth collector, of Rochester, University Biology, U. S. National Museum by the of wasps. collection

beautiful should be spectacularly species Head W. of the Department of Cooper, has enriched who the collections of the of most donation of his personal generous

KARL

V.

163

KROMBEIN

49 f 22 (i.e., June 22, Costa Rica; S ; Turrialba, Type. on leaf at jungle edge just 1949) (K. W. Cooper; young banana Museum, prior to storm) [U. S. National Type No. 63229]. fore wing 4.3 mm. including tegula Shining, the abdomen almost inner eye margins blue, black; lateral of pronotum surface narrowly, except upper posteriorly, mesopleuron and upper third of metapleuron with metallic green fourth, reflections; and legs black, antennae antennal scape and coxae with metallic reflections, 5.4 mm.,

Male.?Length dark

metallic

mostly

the mid mid

and

tarsi

stripes.

hind

light Erect

femora

brown; vestiture

a basal,

with

mesosternum of

light brown a pair with

and

head

and fore and annulus, of narrow ferruginous dorsum long, moderately

thoracic

on that sides of thorax, black; less infumated in female, than Forewing fascia across wing at stigma, the vestiture dense,

abdomen legs and a moderately with

ocelli

than

sparser than

sparser

clear

wide,

suberect, dark, clear. wing

and veins dark brown; hind stigma with punctures relatively larger and a bit as in female; interocular distance at anterior

female, Head

brown.

light

ocellus

0.45

in

in female; times the

similar to that of female, relative of segments ; antenna lengths as 31:9:17:12:10:8:7:7:6:6:6:6:7, the first scape flagellar segment 0.65 times as long as interocular distance at anterior ocellus. on thorax Punctures than in female, sparser relatively larger, particularly width

head

from

on

those

pronotum; in female.

as Legs Abdomen second

tergum median

narrow

propodeum

in general denser strip

sculptured

that

of

female.

like that of female, but punctured punctures and most of tergum for a covering except and moderately broad posterior margin.

9 ; same data

Allotype.

to

similarly

as type

but 49 f 14-1

on very

(i.e., June

14,

1949) [USNM]. 4.6 mm. Head forewing tegula including rest of head and propodeum dark coppery; dark antennae and some with green; blue; mesopleuron legs black, green some abdomen with blue-black castaneous at base of first reflections; deep a pair mesosternum with of narrow Head tergum; ferruginous stripes. 6.0

mm., dorsum

Female.?Length and above thoracic

above

with

similarly

short,

colored, femora

beneath, rect, cinereous wide

ately setae

hair. fascia are

which

the

clear

and

veins

tered, Head

TRANS.

Forewing across wing dark brown

veins of fascia; in clear section

suberect

groove

brown sparse, erect, light hair; head subrecumbent hair; beneath, and abdominal sterna with beneath,

shining; extending

thorax thorax a bit

above on

with

sides

and sube

longer,

a clear, moder but with infumated strongly at stigma; with dense decumbent forewing on the areas infumated and on cretaceous

forewing testaceous;

dark

brown hind

in

wing

infumated pale,

areas,

with

sparser,

stigma scat

setae. frontal a

AMER. ENT.

fourth

concavity mostly to of distance

SOC, LXXXII.

smooth, anterior

with ocellus,

a

short elsewhere

median with

164

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

small punctures laterad of and above ; punctures larger concavity scattered, on vertex and smaller than those ; punctures contiguous, subcontiguous before smaller low tri toward ocelli in a large occiput; ocelli, becoming the posterior angle, pair the postocellar line 1.5 and about ocelli, at anterior ocellus

posterior distance

narrowly as long

five

times

the

times

the

of segments lengths first flagellar segment ocellus.

from

the

Dorsum of

of thorax

thorax

of

sculpture

dense

inner

interocular

distance; ; antenna

width

moderately 37:11:19:13:11:10:8:8:7:

as the

interocular

distance

at

and propodeum as figured thorax

punctation, and side of

dorsum

eye margins, and anterior

between

ocellocular head scape times

0.8 from

subopaque

shining;

from

separated as distance

0.38

relative

long, 6:6:6:8, anterior side

very times

(fig. 13). Femora

beneath

with

scattered,

erect

long,

tibiae

hairs;

erect

without

vestiture. Abdomen teriorly, a small midline; exposed sternum small,

which

a with tergum in middle than

first shining; is narrower

band

of

small

on side of similar patch punctures a band third with of close minute tergum fourth with close minute tergum portion; with rather

rather dense

dense

large, punctures

third punctures; and a few interspersed

pos with tergum to almost extending at base of punctures punctures

second

laterally; in middle

and

second punctures; sterna with fourth larger

ones.

1 9 ; same data as allotype. 1 $ ; same data as Paratypes. 49 but f 16 (i.e., June 16, 1949). 1 ?" ; same data as type type but 49 f 24 (i.e., June 24, 1949). All specimens were taken on leaves just prior to storms, and presumably were young banana to some ex?date on the leaves found only at that time. attracted Dr. Cooper also collected a series of one female and three males of a species of Adelphe between June 23 and July 10, 1949, un der precisely the same conditions. A female paratype has been in the Academy of Natural of Philadelphia. Sciences placed are very similar to the type and allotype The paratypes in most The June 16 female is 5.4 mm. and the respects. long, is 5.0 mm. single male paratype long. The June 14 female has fewer punctures

on first and

second

MESITIOPTERUS

abdominal

terga.

Ashmead

(Figure 4) Mesitiopterus

Genotype: designation

Ashmead,

1902.

Mesitiopterus (two included

Canad.

kahlii species).

Ent.

34:

Ashmead,

231.

1902.

By

original

KARL

165

V. KROMBEIN

is a closely related derivative Mesitiopterus Apparently and it may be separated from that genus by the Amisega, characters listed below. and

Female with

cavity width

at

as

long Legs

transverse

anterior erect

scattered, of pedicel Thorax

as

male.?Head close

ocellus

in Amisega

a bit

scape

segments. as follows:

as in Amisega except furrows scutum; parapsidal as in Amisega. and abdomen

Included

follows:

present:

than

shorter

very

kahlii

Ashmead

Fig.

1.25

Agr.

52:

Soc. Wash. 2:

Monogr.

47

(biology)

times

as

$ ;New York, West Carolina, reared from eggs of

1902; North

9

near

San

4.

1902. Canad. 34: 231 Ent. Ashmead, in U. S. National type Kansas; Museum).?Bodenstein, Amer. Ent. in genotype Soc. 65: 128 (cited list).?Milliron, Ent.

lengths

absent.

kahlii

Mesitiopterus

its short,

combined

Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Virginia, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas; Diapheromera femorata Say. 2. townsendi S ; Jicoltepec 1902; Ashmead, Vera Mexico. Rafael, Cruz, Species studied: the two listed above. Mesitiopterus

con

frontal broader,

about

pronotum notaulices

1. kahlii Ashmead,

species:

as

front carinae; comparatively half the head with eyes width;

antennal setae; two flagellar first

and

except

of few

.?Bodenstein,

1951.

U.

($

; Lawrence, Trans. 1939. 1950.

S. Dept.

Proc. Agr.,

726.

are two known from rearing records for this species of and Wiscon eggs Diapheromera femorata Say in Minnesota sin. The species has also been collected from New York to North Carolina and in Kansas. It is quite possible that it has a much wider range than is known now, for the genus of walking stick whose eggs it parasitizes is known from practically all the There

United

States

and

south

into Mexico. variation in the material before me, es pecially with regard to coloration of the legs and antennal scape, and sculpture of the thorax. However, are not these differences correlated with any distributional and apparently the pattern, in these characters. In the females the an species is variable tennal scape and legs are testaceous hind except for infuscated There

tarsi, trans,

is considerable

and occasionally amer.

ent.

soc,

some LXXXII.

infuscation

on scapes,

hind

femora

166

REVIEW

The males

and tibiae.

OF

AMISEGINAE

are colored

and Kansas

from Minnesota

the other males have the append similarly so in the Wisconsin ages more specimens, infuscated, variably dif and uniformly darker in the eastern males. The sculptural ferences appear to be correlated with size, the larger specimens on mesopleuron the and having punctate being more closely to the

but

females,

and scutum more and dorsum of pronotum rows. transverse This condition is espe in arranged definitely in the North female which is Carolina larger cially apparent It is (2.8-3.3 mm. (4.6 mm. long) than the other females long). on vertex

punctures

had another host that this North Carolina specimen possible than Diapheromera. little is known of the behavior of adults of this species. Very me H. K. Townes advises that his North Carolina specimen was over on leaves the ground in a collected while it was crawling cutover area through the woods along a power line. Specimens New

examined

:9

1 $

; Youngstown;

York:

Pennsylvania:

1 $

Maryland:

1

$

18

$ $,

; Lehigh ; Plummer's

from

$ $

August

Co.; Is.;

the

(F. W.

8-9-34

8,

following

localities

Fletcher) 1937 (S. C.

[USNM]. Schell)

1909

(J. C.

12,

September

:

[USNM"]. Crawford)

[USNM]. 2

Virginia:

Bridwell)

9

9 $,

; Short

$ ?

Hill,

Hillsboro;

August

26,

1944

(J. C.

[USNM].

North

1 $

Carolina:

;Hamrick;

17, 1950

August

(H., M.,

& D.

Townes)

[HKT]. West

1

Virginia:

$;

1956 (K. V. Krombein)

River

Lost

State

Park,

Hardy

Co.;

28,

August

[KVK].

?wasps

1 $,2 Indian Oconto $ $ ;Menominee Reservation, Co.; October of Diapheromera Say collected jemorata 29, 1953 1954 in laboratory & A. T. (H. J. McAloney January emerged

Drooz)

[USNM].

Wisconsin: reared

from

Minnesota jemorata

Say

eggs

: 5 $ $, 3 $ S the collected

; Brainerd summer

; reared of

from

1947?wasps

1948 (A. C. Hodson) [USNM]. 1 $ ; Lawrence; July 7, 1896 (H. Kahl) Kansas: Mesitiopterus

townsendi

Mesitiopterus

townsendi

near Jicoltepec tional Museum).

This species is distinguished

San

eggs

of Diapheromera June 11-20,

emerged

[USNM?the

type].

Ashmead Ashmead, Vera

Rafael,

1902. Cruz,

Canad. Mexico;

Ent. type

34: in U.

231

($ S. Na

is still known only from the unique male type. It the from kahlii head and thorax by having

;

KARL

167

KROMBEIN

V.

as contrasted to a reflections rather weak bronzy strong bronzy reflections, and by having the scutellar rather than well separated. confluent transversely

with green with

black

punctures

Gosta Lima

DUCKEIA

(Figures 2, 14) Duckeia

Costa

1936.

Lima,

Libre

Jubilaire

E.

L. Bouvier,

p.

174.

1936. Monotypic Duckeia cyanea Costa Lima, Genotype: and by original designation. Duckeia is rather remotely related to Amisega which probably Duckeia has traveled the archetypal represents amisegine. a more distance toward the genera of the Aus quite specialized tralasian and African Series as shown by the development of a a malar thus the head space relatively larger pyriform giving outline in frontal view, of a coarsely rugose frontal concavity, of a relatively an and of declivous larger postscutellum, abruptly surface of the propodeum. Its affinities with the New posterior World series of genera instead of with one or the other of the are Old World series shown by the absence of dentate postero lateral angles of the propodeal dorsum, absence of setae on the eyes, presence of an inner tooth on tarsal claw, and absence of a of the mesopleural disk. groove along the anterior margin Duckeia in its host relationship. has also digressed It para sitizes the eggs of a walking stick which are deposited in a row on

the other genera for which we have rearing foliage, whereas are parasitic records and Myrmecomimesis) in {Mesitiopterus the walking stick eggs which are broadcast and at random singly on the ground. and

Female as wide

as

low,

at

width

than

greater

slightly a with

as figured

male.?Head

thoracic rounded

its height transverse

(fig.

posterolateral from apex ridge;

2),

coarsely

punctate,

prothoracic

angles,

of clypeus mandibles of

1.1 times its width

to

occiput; clypeus female normal for

of male truncate at apices; malar robust, flattened, obliquely as long as eye height; about 0.6 times con frontal developed, coarse transverse a median without the deep, with carinae, carina, a narrow fourth with shallow median inner groove; eyes bare; eye rather toward the interocular distance converging strongly vertex,

subfamily, well

space

cavity lower

margins at lower

ends

front ocellus; at head width

TRANS.

of

eyes

rather that

1.4 times narrow,

point;

AMER. ENT.

the

interocular

its width

antennal

SOC, LXXXII.

scape

at

at

distance anterior

elongate,

ocellus slightly

level 0.45 concave

of

anterior times

the

beneath,

168

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

as long as pedicel and first three combined; flagellum segments flagellar front flattened to eleventh broad the fourth beneath; segments fusiform, abruptly

declivous

convex;

temples

Thorax

vertex in front of anterior very ocellus; just writh a strong flange posteriorly. in profile rather strongly 14) coarsely punctate,

(fig. as in Amisega;

venation

scutum,

pronotum,

present dorsally, propodeum tween scutum and pronotum

by

separated

scutum

arched; and

postscutellum

that

sutures,

be

on pos pronotum impressed; two rounded ; prominences separating flat on scutellum long as pronotum;

very

deeply

a deep median with groove as 1.3 times convex, strongly half as long as scutum; postscutellum surface the dorsal short, propodeum half

terior

scutellum, well-defined

slightly

as long as scutel flat, 0.4 times a transverse to posterior carina indicated with than scutellum ; metapleuron margin posterior a shallow of pro surface dorsal and the endophragmal groove pit; by both the almost into surface, posterior podeum perpendicular rounding on each carina which is margined surfaces bisected by a strong median

disk,

lum; bit shorter

side

a

by

row

inward

curving from each surfaces

a strong

as

raised

above

tibiae

to

almost

extending and

flattened

foveate

impression

surfaces

and

separated the lateral

from

with

of apex beneath.

some

soft,

abdomen;

erect

scattered hind

tarsus

hairs; of male

a weak transverse of declivity with a narrow concave and with shallowly sternum second and transversely narrowly

inward, and

declivity broadly on basal groove half; base

carina

a two

the dorsum rather flat, but venter strongly sculptured, line at base three-fourths of second tergum nearly with sides at that point; first tergum width straight

the

at

this the

carina.

long as abdominal half and directed basal

groove, median

of

attachment, curved weak

rather

and

expanded strongly Abdomen coarsely dorsoventral convex, on

a

by

beneath

femur

hind

elongate foveae, abdominal toward

other

by

Femora

laterad

of

top

in middle.

1. cyanea Costa Lima, 1936; 9 species: from eggs of Prisopus reared Janeiro, Brazil; (Licht.). 9 S . Species studied: the genotype, Included

The

Australasian

? ;Rio de ohrtmanni

Series

This complex of genera includes Myrmecomimesis and Exova New from Australia, of Cladobe Exopapua Guinea, Rohweria, the and from from Colocar Atopogyne Philippines, thylus Indothrix from India. Myrmecomi and Borneo and Burma, from both sexes, Exova, Exopapua and Atopo is known are known and Rohweria, Cladobe only from females, are known and Colocar Indothrix thylus, only from males.

mesis gyne

KARL

V.

KROMBEIN

169

in common exclusive characters These genera have the following to the series the of the exceptions characters peculiar noted, set with in italics: malar eyes groove; space longitudinal being with scattered erect setulae which are longer and denser in male ; dorsum of pro and laterally; carina present dorsally occipital with a median groove except in Exopapua longitudinal in of all genera and and Indothrix; normal size, males tegulae other known females of Atopogyne females with fully winged, no than to reduced small longer pads tegulae; scutum not wings or evanescent expanded absent, parapsidal laterally, notaulices notum

disk margined furrows present except in Exopapua; mesopleural of Rohweria anteriorly by a groove in all females, but in males of hind part of very large, covering much only; postscutellum thoracic dorsum; posterolateral angles of thoracic dorsum den tate or angulate; surface of propodeum de posterior abruptly to thoracic dorsum except in Exopa and perpendicular as tarsal claws with an erect inner tooth; hind basitarsus or as a the bit than second fourth segments long longer through in Colocar) set off by deli combined ; laterotergites (unknown cate grooves on first three terga in females of Myrmecomimesis and Exova, and on first four terga in females of Exopapua and clivous

pua;

and in all known males. Atopogyne The Australasian Series is widely from the Ameri separated can Series by the amazing of the development postscutellum, and the reduction of wings to small pads in most of the females. In all known males and the female of the fully winged Atopo the is separated from the dorsum of the gyne, postscutellum a well-defined and the has propodeum suture, by apical margin a pair of close, recumbent, at the middle small blunt teeth. These of them, are present also in the teeth, or modifications offer the only clue as to brachypterous females, and frequently the extent of the postscutellum in those forms, since the post are fused and separated scutellum and propodeum at most by This in condition only a shallow furrow, not by a suture. females is well illustrated in figures 16 and 17 of brachypterous and Exova. Myrmecomimesis The discovery of females of some of the other Oriental genera is awaited eagerly. If these are fully winged as is the female of Atopogyne, TRANS.

it would

AMER. ENT.

seem desirable

SOC, LXXXII.

to separate

this assemblage

170

REVIEW

into an Oriental Australasian which would

OF

to

Series

AMISEGINAE

include

all genera Exova

except Myrmecomimesis, constitute the derivative

included and

Australian

as

here

Exopapua Series.

Dalla Torre

MYRMECOMIMESIS

(Figures 5, 16, 21) Myrmecopsis

Walker, occupied

Genotype:

Trans.

1866.

Ent.

Soc.

2:

London

(3)

1866.

Monotypic

441.

Pre

1850.

by Newman,

Myrmecopsis nigricans Walker, 1904. of Ashmead,

and

by

designation

Dalla Myrmecomimesis Torre, Promesitius 1905. Ann. Kieffer, Promesitius

Genotype:

designation Ootheres

Riek,

Riek,

Genotype: tion

16: 87. Ztg. 29: 123. new

Jour.

Kieffer, Zool.

coeruleus

3:

1905.

synonymy.

Monotypic

new

121.

1907.

Kieffer,

name.

New

and

by

synonymy. By

desig

original

included

(five

Cresmophaga

Ent.

Wien.

Sei. Bruxelles

ftavicollis 1955.

of Riek, 1955. Austral. Promesitius

Genotype: nation

1897. Soc.

species). Austral. Jour.

1955.

bispiuosa

Cresmophaga (five included

Zool. Riek,

3:

new

125.

1955.

By

synonymy.

original

designa

species).

furnished notes on certain types in the British some of the new make it possible to establish above. He states that although Walker synonymy proposed considered the type of Myrmecopsis to be a male cleo nigricans a female of a species prob it is actually nymid (Chalcidoidea), the type of Promesitius coeruleus Kieffer. ably identical with falls as a definite Ootheres Therefore, synonym. I am also placing Cresmophaga Riek in synonymy based on a Dr. Yarrow

Museum

has

which

study of four species placed in Ootheres by Riek and three spe cies assigned to Cresmophaga including the genotype, plus notes on the types of Promesitius made by Dr. Yarrow punctaticeps Kieffer and P. bimaculatus Kieffer, species not studied by Riek. Riek distinguishes the two genera by the following (re couplet : from Riek) arranged FEMALES:

"abdominal

scrobes

entirely

above (and setose) punctate closely ; head coarse and to punctures confluent, tending a distinct zone foveate between laterally post

tergites

punctate,

be

longitudinally and scutellum

propodeum."

on

segment

dense of

abdomen

the

2nd

lined;

appearing

MALES: as on

finely

the

setose."

3rd,

"punctures setae dense, .Ootheres

of

abdomen

the whole

as

surface

KARL

FEMALES:

"abdominal

(and

; head

setae)

sometimes and

mostly propodeum as dense not abdomen so

short the

I have Riek,

that

the

punctures."

C.

171

KROMBEIN

with scattered fine tergites glabrous, above with scattered scrobes glabrous, but

close,

V.

basal

discrete;

lateral

glabrous, on the 2nd abdominal

punctures punctures,

between postscutellum region " : wide." MALES of punctures as on the 3rd, setae very segment

segments

appear

glabrous

between

_.Cremophaga

before me bispinosa

of Cresmophaga semiglabra paratype males Riek of Cresmophaga), C. (the genotype Ootheres and 0. Riek nigrithorax nigripedicel

rubrifemur Riek, In all these species the interspaces Riek. are smooth and the abdominal tergites

on punctures The relative shining. is somewhat, but cer between

and vestiture of the punctation density in not less the first three species. These char tainly markedly, me acters by themselves to to be of than less appear generic im can other unless criteria be found. portance substantiating In the female sex I have the type of Promesitius probable Kieffer of P. coeruleus (the genotype flavicollis Promesitius), Kieffer of and of Ootheres (the genotype Ootheres), paratypes 0. iridescens Riek, nigripedicel Riek, bispinosa Cresmophaga Riek

of Cresmophaga) and C. semiglabra Riek. (the genotype third and fourth species, which were placed in second, and the first species have short, dense decumbent ves Ootheres, titure on the first two terga in addition to long scattered hairs,

The

whereas the last two species have only the long scattered hairs. are equally shining in all six species. The impunctate interspaces There is one additional of the vestiture which character ap and the species Riek in pears to separate flavicollis placed from the species assigned to Cresmophaga. Ootheres This is the of long erect setae on the tibiae in both sexes of all presence and their absence species in the first category, the available species of Cresmophaga. The punctation on the dorsum of the head, the transversely males of these longitudinal shallower, coeruleus still, and TRANS.

in both

sexes

of

the parts above is as follows in the fe rugose frontal concavity, six species: confluent in coarse, deep and mostly lines in flavicollis; a the punctures little coarse,

of them in longitudinal confluent lines in many and iridescens; the punctures coarse, but shallower to subcontiguous but not arranged in lines contiguous

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

172

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

in uigripedicel; the punctures coarse, but still shallower, many or subcontiguous but not in lines and with of them contiguous some moderately areas in bispiuosa; the punc large impunctate in semiglabra. tures small, shallow and quite scattered between As regards the zone of demarcation post laterally area of propodeum, the condition is as fol a very narrow, curved groove separat a wider in flavicollis; surfaces foveate ing two coarsely pitted zone in coeruleus, and uigripedicel; and a wider iridesceus scutellum

and dorsal

lows in these

six females:

smooth strip Dr. Yarrow Kieffer available

in bispiuosa and semiglabra. has furnished notes on the types and P. punctaticeps Kieffer, species

of P. which

bimaculatus were not

to Riek. In punctaticeps the vestiture of the abdomen is unlike any of the species discussed above in that long erect hairs are lacking but short decumbent setae are present, the ves as titure of tibiae is in bispiuosa and semiglabra, and zone of

demarcation

between

and propodeum is almost teeth. In bi posterolateral maculatus the vestiture of the abdomen is as in bispiuosa and as but the tibiae have scattered, erect setae in semiglabra, long zone and iridesceus and the of flavicollis, coeruleus, uigripedicel, demarcation between postscutellum and propodeum is shallower than in coeruleus a long and punctate, each puncture bearing black bristle. When all these data are considered, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that only one genus is involved. P. bimaculatus ap flat with

striation

postscutellum directed toward

between Cresmophaga and Ootheres, but pears to be annectant differs from any species in those groups by having the posterior surface of propodeum rather than rugose. P. punctati punctate but again differs from ceps seems to be closest to Cresmophaga, a different any species in either genus by having dominal vestiture and in having the first abdominal close longitudinal striations. The use of different

type

of ab

tergum with combinations

of sculpture and vestiture would of at require the recognition least four genera for this group of species, genera which would be of equivalent value to the other generic entities scarcely in this subfamily. information also cor recognized Biological roborates the opinion that only one genus is involved, for to date

KARL

several reared

V.

173

KROMBEIN

of Ootheres and Cresmophaga of the same host, Podacanthus

members from eggs

have been wilkinsoni

Macleay.

are congeneric that flavicollis conclusion and nigricans is on study of a specimen, loaned by the Genoa Museum is a topotype of flavicollis if through Dr. Delia Guiglia, which not the actual type of that species. This al agrees specimen most which is tran exactly with Kieffer's original description The

based

scribed "

below.

Femelle. le

depuis d?clive

en

T?te bord

aussi

avant

le tiers

?galant t?rieure

des

que

jusqu'au la bouche.

jusqu'?

touchant

ph?riques,

longue

post?rieur presque

le bord

large, milieu

droite

Yeux

tr?s

des

post?rieur, des tempes

en

arri?re,

yeux,

horizontale

puis

obliquement h?mis presque

grands, finement pubescents.

yeux, s?par?es avec une pro?minence

par

un

sillon; nuls. Ocelles

Joues

pos partie Antennes

des tempes obtuse. 13 articles; le milieu des yeux, scape cylindrique, atteignant ?galant un peu plus la moiti? du flagellum; second article long que gros; flagellum son tiers apical, son premier dans article l?g?rement ?paissi presque ?gal aux quatre suivants le deuxi?me aussi les suivants r?unis, long que gros,

de

sauf et peu distinctement le dernier, Thorax aussi s?par?s. sur le dessus; la t?te, ? peu pr?s plan que pronotum subquadrangu ? peine Mesonotum la que laire, plus large pas long. n'atteignant moiti? de la longueur du pronotum, mais aussi sillons que large lui; en avant, lobe m?dian deux fois aussi parapsidaux convergents large que transversaux, large

les lat?raux; se voit l'?cailette. Ailes pr?s de son bord post?rieur repr? sent?es de P?caillete. Scutellum par un lobe de la grandeur nul. Metano tum subquadrangulaire, aussi le pronotum et aussi le long que large que non au milieu, distinctement r?tr?ci termin? mesonotum, sup?rieurement de

chaque

basai

par

dent par une c?t?, une transversale ligne

perpendiculairement. tr?s faiblement poils aux

?largis dress?s et

obtuse

et

forte,

travers?

apr?s

peu marqu?e; post?rieure partie Pattes ? f?murs tous l?g?rement renfl?s; de la base au sommet en dehors, et munis,

son

tiers

d?clive les

tibias

de

longs article des tarses premier align?s; post?rieurs ?gal encore le quatri?me deux fois aussi r?unis; long que avec une au milieu. crochets dent Abdomen ? convexe, ovalaire, aussi avec le thorax, tr?s long que quatre segments visibles; p?tiole

noirs, trois suivants

large; peine

court; premier distinctement ? peine

segment plus

long

campanule, occupant le premier; le

que

le premier le second tiers; troisi?me le quatri?me court;

visible."

The

between Kieffer's and this only discrepancies description are in that the latter are the ocelli the specimen present, parap sidal furrows converge posteriorly, and the scutellum is present. TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

174

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

are present and distinct in the specimen but not con have overlooked could Kieffer not think do them, spicuous?I " " " ocelles is a slip of the pen for and perhaps his ocelles nuls furrows as of the parapsidal characterization The pr?sents." " " a lapsus en is almost avant likewise certainly convergents " are en furrows for normally arri?re," because these convergents or parallel in Hymenoptera. There is a convergent posteriorly

The

ocelli

and fused postscutellum the scutellum between though it is not as deep nor as evident as that sepa In this case I think Kieffer scutum and scutellum. is substanti true contention condition. the misinterpreted My to the metanotum reference ated by Kieffer's being as long as distinct

suture

propodeum, rating the

is decidedly The fused postscutellum-propodeum the pronotum. in is included but if the scutellum shorter than the pronotum, the measurement, this part of the thorax is as long as the pro that Kieffer In this connection in de notum. it is significant " as to metanotum refers he it travers? the what calls scribing peu marqu?e." apr?s son tiers basal par une ligne transversal This

transverse

lar suture

if my

line can be nothing but the scutellar-postscutel There is an additional is correct. interpretation

he the generic description descriptions?in lapsus in Kieffer's a but in the states that the specimen is female, specific descrip tion he says that it is a male. that this specimen could agree in so It is almost inconceivable in Kieffer's of the and many peculiar details mentioned striking a not be and and of the specific descriptions, specimen generic That Kieffer's de species on which he based these descriptions. are is in not reliable manifest Richard's scriptions always totally of the Dryinidae work on the classification (Trans. Roy. Ent. 104: 51-70, On page 51 Richards Soc. London 1953). states, " some of his Recent study of the types of species on which to ac genera were based shows that it is hazardous [Kieffer's] on at their face and 59 in his dis page value," cept diagnoses " Kieffer the of he It says, niger Dryinus cussing type specimen was difficult to recognize this species from Kieffer's description since he states that the pronotum hardly as long as the mesoscutum,

than the head is far from true."

is shorter which

and

KARL

V.

175

KROMBEIN

on working with Kieffer's attendant demonstrated by some of his later on this and other species of Promesitius. comments In 1907 he added three new species to Promesitius based on material col Some

of the difficulties are strikingly publications

lected by Turner at Mackay, Queensland, coeruleus, namely and bimaculatus. is stated to Of these, coeruleus punctaticeps have both ocelli and a scutellum, and bimaculatus is said to have a scutellum. Kieffer does not mention whether ocelli and are lacking or present or whether scutellum in punctaticeps, In an accompanying bimaculatus has or has not ocelli. key one of the characters used to separate and bimaculatus flavicollis " from the other two species is die Teile des Thorax undeutlich " as contrasted to ". . . deutlich durch N?hte getrennt getrennt." In the description of bimaculatus he confirms that the sclerites are not separated by sutures, but states that they are separated transverse by more or less distinct impressions. Oddly enough, one character used to separate from bimaculatus is flavicollis that

the abdominal terga of the former are stated to be finely as scattered punctures in shagreened compared to smooth with whereas the of flavicollis has bimaculatus, original description the first two abdominal and terga as shining and finely punctate the last two as polished and smooth. In a later version of this is said to have the terga finely and deli (1914) flavicollis and bimaculatus to have them smooth with cately punctate Even more oddly, neither key utilizes the separated punctures. absence or presence of a scutellum to separate the two species. Dr. Yarrow advises me that the types of bimaculatus, coeru leus and punctaticeps all have ocelli and a scutellum, and fur ther that there is no difference in thoracic segmentation between

key

and the other

bimaculatus

two.

black and red, or black and orange, head Female.?Black, thorax with metallic the abdomen occasionally reflections, as figured head about 1.1 times the height (fig. 5), the width of

of

clypeus

moderately greatest space

well

concavity level of

TRANS.

to

and

dorsum

so; rarely from apex

from and to varying densely rugulosely punctate so, the frontal sparsely concavity rugose ; transversely times 1.15 the malar pro thoracic greatest width; as long as eye height; to 0.36 0.25 times frontal developed, with median or interocular distance at ridge weak lacking; occiput,

and finely width head

anterior

ocellus

AMER. ENT.

0.43-0.47

SOC, LXXXII.

times

the width

of

head

at

that

point;

176

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

as long as rather short

two flagellar and first the middle segments fusiform, in to tenth the fourth subcircular segments cross section, a flattened area beneath, vertex flat. each with sensory con so and Thorax 16) usually very coarsely punctured, closely (fig. on or with at in rows least the pronotum, smaller, dorsally fluently an even in profile the dorsum punctures; forming moderately separated antennal

scape

segments somewhat

combined; broader

very

and

lum,

flagellar more

transversely Femora

or

combined a pair

with

in

poorly which

propodeum tooth posterolateral

the segment, less arcuate

setae

with pronotum sclerites; and scutel of scutum length and of scutum, scutellum length in middle, at apex of close teeth

rounded;

in middle

keel;

surface posterior in bimaculatus.

to

addition

to apex of abdomen. dorsoventral strongly flattened, as long as abdominal width three-fourths or without with and punctate, finely

trans usually

extremely hind

scattered,

vestiture; at

line at

than

strong,

propodeum

decumbent

normal

extending not Abdomen

tergum

of

with

sometimes

the

a

with

usually

but

dorsally shorter

developed is much

apex

but punctate rugulose, beneath and above tibiae

erect

long, femur

the

postscutellum

margin acute strong,

a

with

times

0.62-0.74

postscutellum; the posterior

verse,

pedicel

between the furrows by interrupted 1.2 times the combined about length

curve, median

first

elongate,

flagellum than long,

that

base

point

of

second

; the dorsum decumbent

rather dense, erect in punctaticeps; hairs scattered except longer, a trans without to base, with sides rounded first tergum top of declivity a small verse shallow and base with groove, concavity. in iridesceus with metallic the thorax reflections, Male.?Usually black, as in female; of head much in nigrithorax and abdomen blue; sculpture closely short

width

of

terior

and

setae,

head

with

about

times

the

times

the

1.2 0.54

about

ocellus

height; width

interocular of

head;

an

at

distance antennal

flagellum

and first flagellar to pedicel in length the scape elongate, subequal than broad somewhat the intermediate longer segments segment, flagellar area beneath. a flattened without and circular in cross section, as in Amisega venation and Thorax closely punctate; (fig. 21) coarsely

more

from outward streaks the lower of two fuscous extending lacking one outward fuscous streak vein and with radial extending only corner with of discoidal moderately dense, short, forewing cell;

but

stub

of

from

setae; just 0.50

postscutellum before middle; times

as

long

with median as

length combined lengths without disk above

scutellum; mesopleural better dorsally developed propodeum ularly

in

than

only;

angulate

of

female, posterior

scutum, an oblique

scutellum furrow;

and

post

propodeum

of upper angle posterolateral surface of propodeum irreg

rugulose. in female.

as Legs Abdomen in

obtusely

erect

out incurved rounded laterally, margin to that of scutum, of pronotum equal

posterior

female,

much shaped most of them

as

punctures larger and denser female; the width each other from by separated in

than of

a

KARL

puncture longer,

or less; terga with erect setae. scattered

V.

rather

177

KROMBEIN

dense

decumbent

setae,

lacking

the

1. bimaculatus Included 1907, new com (Kieffer), species: in Promesitius) bination ; 9 ;Mackay, (described Queens land.

in (described (Riek), 1955, new combination and Hassan's Caves 9 S Jenolan ; Walls, Cresmophaga); wilkin New South Wales ; reared from eggs of Podacanthus soni Macleay and Didymuria violescens (Leach). new 3. flavicollis combination (described (Kieffer), 1905, 2. bispinosa

in Promesitius)

;

9 ; Somerset,

Cape

York

Peninsula,

Queensland. 4. nigricans

1907 1866; [= coeruleus Kieffer, and iridescens 1955 (described (de Riek, " " scribed in Ootheres) Australia ] ; 9 $ ; Northern (type of nigricans) and Chinchilla, ;Mackay, Brisbane, Gogango Jenolan Caves, New South Wales; reared from Queensland; wilkinsoni Macleay. eggs of Podacanthus 5. nigripedicel (described 1955, new combination (Riek), (Walker), in Promesitius)

in Ootheres); 9 ? ; Hassan's New South Wales; Walls, reared from eggs of Podacanthus wilkinsoni Macleay. 6. nigrithorax (described 1955, new combination (Riek), in Ootheres); 9 S ; Pittwater, South Wales; New Tugun and Goondiwindi, Queensland. 7. punctaticeps combination (de (Kieffer), 1907, new scribed in Promesitius) ; 9 ;Mackay, Queensland. 8. rubrifemur (Riek), 1955, new combination (described in Cresmophaga) and Hassan's ; $ ; Jenolan Caves Walls, New South Wales wilkin ; reared from eggs of Podacanthus soni Macleay. 9. rugosinota (Riek), 1955, new combination (described in Cresmophaga) 10. semiglabra

; 9 ;Gogango, Queensland. (Riek), 1955, new combination (described in Cresmophaga) $ ; Jenolan Caves and Hassan's ; 9 reared from eggs of Podacanthus Walls, New South Wales; wilkinsoni and violescens Macleay Didymuria (Leach). 11. striata in (Riek), 1955, new combination (described Cresmophaga) TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

; 9 ;Gogango, SOC, LXXXII.

Queensland.

178

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

of $ examined: 9- coeruleus, (or type) topotype $ of and $ $ $ $ iridesceus, bispiuosa, paratypes flavicollis, and $ $ 9$ semiglabra. rubrifemur nigrithorax, uigripedicel, Species

Myrmecomimesis Myrmecopsis

nigricans

; Northern

($

Trans.

1866.

Walker,

Australia;

type

Ent.

in British

Promesitius Mackay, Tierreich

Ootheres

London

Soc.

Wien.

1897.

(Kieffer),

iridesceus

and

Riek,

Chinchilla, new Australia),

1955.

Riek,

and New 1955.

Queensland; synonymy.

Austral.

Jour.

Ent.

51:

Ztschr.

in British type Museum).?Kieffer, Queensland; 41: Trans. Ent. Soc. 1941. Roy. 291.?Reid, NEW SYNONYMY. 45.

S ; Queensland

2:

(3)

441

Museum).

nigricans

fig. coeruleus

3 ( $,

16.

5,

Figs.

Dalla (Walker), Torre, 1898. 5: 272. Cat. Hym. Torre, coeruleus Berlin 1907. Ent. Kieffer,

Myrmecomimesis 16: 87.?Dalla

405, Ootheres

(Walker)

nigricans

290 1914.

London 3:

Zool.

Ztg. ( 9- ; Das 91:

122, fig.

South Wales).

Austral.

Jour. in

type

Zool.

3:

Div.

Ent.

123 ( $, Mus.,

S

; Gogango Canberra,

Dr. Yarrow has compared the types of nigricans and coeruleus and finds only minor in them as follows: differences between are more the in the and femora coeruleus nigricans red, legs tarsi are somewhat infuscated ; in the former species the flagellum is paler especially the three basal segments and the scape darker; head and thorax black blue rather than dark blue as in coeruleus ; sides of propodeum and posterolateral spines black in nigricans, red in coeruleus; and these spines narrow and sharp for their It is probable greater length rather than stout as in coeruleus. to are infraspecific, and it seems preferable that these differences there is since treat coeruleus as a synonym agree particularly and of the coloration, ment in all other characters sculpture vestiture.

I have paratype. loaned me

before me two topotypes are very similar They

one of them a of iridesceus, of coeruleus to a topotype in having differing principally

by the British Museum, on the thoracic dorsum, and in having some greenish reflections teeth somewhat more narrow and the posterolateral propodeal are and I consider acute. Otherwise similar, extremely they that

iridesceus

is also a synonym

of nigricans.

KARL

Myrmecomimesis Promesitius ($; Das

punctaticeps punctaticeps

Mackay, Tierreich

Ootheres

(Kieffer),

179

KROMBEIN

(Kieffer) 1907.

Kieffer,

Queensland; 41: 291.

punctaticeps

V.

Berlin

in British

type

1955.

Riek,

Ent.

Ztschr.

51:

Austral.

Jour.

Zool.

291 1914.

Museum).?Kieffer, 3:

123.

The following notes, made on the type, are by Dr. Yarrow to or corrective of Kieffer's supplemental original description: head punctate above especially between posterior ocelli, the inter finer and more spaces smooth and shining, the punctures sepa rated than in nigricans and bimaculatus; ocelli very far apart, set in pits, the posterior eye margins; pair almost touching scutellum

and propodeum present ;grooves between postscutellum shallower than in nigricans, almost flat, with striation directed toward posterolateral teeth ;metapleuron and sides of propodeum femora and tibiae without erect striate; entirely long, scattered setae ;no other part of body with long erect setae ; abdomen with short decumbent scattered, hair; first tergum with fine longi as in Kieffer's tudinal striation the second of (not descriptions 1907 and 1914, nor the third as in Kieffer's key of 1914). bimaculatus

Myrmecomimesis Promesitius (9; Das

bimaculatus Mackay, Tierreich

Kieffer,

Queensland; 41: 290.?Riek,

(Kieffer) 1907.

Berlin

in British type 1955. Austral.

Ent.

Ztschr.

Museum).?Kieffer, 3: Jour. Zool.

51:

291 1914.

121.

The following on the type, are notes, made by Dr. Yarrow to or corrective of Kieffer's supplemental original description: femora and tibiae with long, stout, scat head, thorax, abdomen, tered black bristles; ocelli in a small triangle as in nigricans, than in punctati posterior pair more removed from eye margins ceps; top of head with coarse, contiguous punctures; pronotal dorsum with ridging between large regular punctures only at extreme the punctures front, posteriorly separated by smooth half the width of a puncture; groove between post interspaces scutellum and propodeum each puncture with a long punctate, black bristle; lamella at top of posterior surface of propodeum well posterior to postscutellar narrow, scarcely projecting, face between post spines so that in profile there is an oblique and posterior scutellum surface of propodeum about as long as surface of third tarsal segment; posterior propodeum punctate

very

TRANS.

AMER.

ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

180

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

and with

long black hairs directed upward between posterolateral remote punctures several abdomen very teeth; shining, with own times their diameter apart. flavicollis

Myrmecomimesis Promesitius ($

flavicollis ; Somerset,

Museum).?Kieffer, Das Tierreich

Kieffer, York

Cape

1907. 41:

(Kieffer) Ann.

1905.

Peninsula, Berlin Ent.

290.?Riek,

1955.

Sei.

Bruxelles

Queensland 51: Ztschr.

; type

Soc.

Austral.

Jour.

29:

123

in Genoa

292.?Kieffer, 3: 121. Zool.

1914.

I am

this species from the specimen discussed redescribing in the generic discussion, which almost is the certainly The labels. This type of this species. specimen bears several first is a printed one?Australia, Somerset, L. M. d'Albertis with in by hand. The second is a small square date, 1-75, written The third is a 97 written label with the numeral by hand. The de fourth is a hand Civico Genova. label?Museo printed name label bearing the determination lettered generic only

above

advises that this is in Professor Masi's Guiglia this to my response inquiry as to whether handwriting. been Kieffer's had loaned be not (it type actually specimen might advised me to me as a specimen of Promesitius ?), Dr. Guiglia that Kieffer that she had seen the number 97 in a list of material

Promesitius?Dr.

In

and that this specimen from the Genoa Museum, had described is in reasonably The was the good specimen type. certainly a venter down. The the with card to but is glued condition, one seven of for the antennae are missing segments apical except on card. the are which glued separately flagellum of abdomen 5 mm. pro thorax light red, dorsum Black, Female.?Length femora abdominal reflections. weak dorsum, with thorax, Head, bronzy and black the abdomen and tibiae with setae, erect, long stout, scattered, setae. decumbent shorter with dense, legs in addition of from the median 1.1 times width with apex Head length greatest 16 with about frontal antennae to occiput; concavity lacking; clypeus on upper of concavity three-fourths transverse close separated rugulae and top of head with areas laterad of concavity ridge; by a weak median coarse

confluent

longitudinal from eye

rows

those punctures, in a low ; ocelli

on broad

vertex

1.5 times by about distance transfacial broad, moderately of last seven relative flagellar length width; a bit broader than these long except segments margins

arranged

more

or

less

in

separated posterior pair triangle, face of an ocellus; the diameter half at anterior ocellus the head as 7:6:5:5:5:5:8, segments one. for apical

KARL

Dorsum

of

on

times

the

combined

lum

and

the

of

lengths

propodeum dorsum propodeal and

dorsal

surfaces

than postscutellar confluent punctures teeth podeal stout; rugulae. First short

two

the

bearing

six

foveae;

large

erect

mesopleuron lateral surface

postscutel median third

postscutellum; narrow

groove;

lamella

separating wider

no poorly developed, with of propodeum

propodeum surface posterior long,

; pronotum median length and 0.73 times

black

setae; confluent

with

coarse

of

propodeum

with

coarse

pro fused punctures; close longitudinal

posterolateral

the dense small terga with punctures bearing less than the diameter setae, separated by much with as scattered twice about punctures interspersed

abdominal

and

puncture,

a narrow

of

bearing

and

decumbent

wide,

teeth;

and

scutellum

scutum,

rows

longitudinal the two-thirds, and scutellum,

posterior of scutum

separated by with about

posterior

metapleuron

on

lengths

umbilicate

confluent

coarse,

in

arranged

groove

combined

with

propodeum

pronotum

a median

1.2

of

and

thorax

those

punctures, also with

181

KROMBEIN

V.

long

impunctate

erect

setae;

apical

margins.

second

and

EXOVA

third

terga

with

the a

of

large

moderately

Riek

(Figure 17) Exova

1955.

Riek,

Austral

Jour.

Zool.

3:

129.

Exova 1955. Monotypic and by tetraspina Riek, Genotype: original designation. known only from the female sex, is closely related to Exova, the other Australian it is un genus, Myrmecomimesis, though distinct. In Exova the antennal questionably generically scape is proportionally the propodeum longer than inMyrmecomimesis, has four spines of which the posterolateral pair is much longer than in other genera, and the pronotum is proportionally longer convex than in the other genera and is much more strongly (a trend which reaches a climax in Exopapua from New Guinea).

concavity as long

large,

scape

which width.

TRANS.

eyes

rugulose; frontal

height;

combined;

* Both type head

moderately

eye

as

elongate, flagellum

have been was loaned

AMER. ENT.

red, that

to

similar

very

transversely

antennal ments

and

black

Female.?Body apparently* with mostly

without

metallic

of Myrmecomimesis

subcontiguous malar space

punctures well

developed, median ridge

with concavity and long as pedicel

short

mostly me for

SOC, LXXXII.

fusiform,

head reflections; in proportions,

first

the middle

three

except 0.33

frontal times

as

evanescent; seg flagellar broader

segments

in the destroyed by museum pests so I am unable to measure study,

para the

182

REVIEW

than

Thorax

to

fourth

the long, a flattened

with

AMISEGINAE

subcircular in cross and section segments as in Myrmecomimesis. vertex beneath; as follows: in Myrmecomimesis but differing

tenth area

sensory 17) much

(fig. with

OF

as

rather

of ; disk scattered, punctures moderately large two-thirds of scutellum, and postscutellum and scutum, posterior coarsely more or less in irregular confluently punctate, prothoracic lines; length the combined of scutum, 0.78 times scutellum and postscutellum; length

pronotum

postscutellum the posterior dorsum and

by

very

long above

to

addition

the

obtuse

teeth at apex in middle, from propodeal separated teeth of propodeum strong surface of segment; posterior

and

not

posterolateral as first flagellar in middle with

normal

to apex almost of tending Abdomen with scattered, vestiture. M ale

separated, rounded

long as posterolateral and tibiae above with

beneath

in

groove;

smooth, a third as

Femora

of

broadly as

elongate,

propodeum are which setae

a pair

with margin a foveate

a pair tooth. some

decumbent

of

short

very

scattered, vestiture;

hind

without

dense

acute

teeth

long, erect ex femur

abdomen. long

erect

setae,

but

decumbent

.?Unknown.

Included species: bourine, Queensland. Species examined:

1. tetraspina

(Figures

6,

Exopapua nupela, Genotype: by present designation. This monotypic genus, known not at all closely related to the series of genera. lasian-Oriental the other known females by the as compared to of the prothorax scutellum,

Tam

the genotype. EXOPAPUA,

parapsidal

9- ; Mt.

1955;

Riek,

new

genus

18, 26,

28)

new

species.

Monotypic

and

only from the female sex, seems other members of the Austra It is set apart at once from

greater development relatively the scutum, scutellum and post the long, gently curved propodeal profile, absence of flattened and abdomen. very strongly furrows,

as com as figured Female.?Head delicately (fig. 6), rather sculptured to most the height from apex of clypeus of Myrmecomimesis, species pared head width to occiput 1.11 times 1.2 times about the width; the greatest as malar well one-fourth space width; greatest prothoracic developed, as eye

long median times as

long

height

; frontal

longitudinal of the width as

pedicel

concavity

ridge; head and

first

transversely

interocular at

that three

distance

point; flagellar

a weak and with rugulose at anterior ocellus 0.38

antennal segments

scape

very

combined,

elongate, flagellum

KARL

fusiform, broader tenth

through

areas

sensory

beneath;

cross

in

subcircular segments than long, the fourth vertex flat.

the

short

very

183

KROMBEIN

V.

fifth

the

section, tenth with

through

flattened

as compared most and with 18) finely punctate sparsely an even not the dorsum of Myrmecomimesis, in profile forming species curve below median well scutum is depressed because pronotum; length and of pronotum 1.2 times of scutum, the scutellum combined lengths a strong, well with surface of propodeum ; dorsal postscutellum developed, Thorax

acute

(fig.

perpendicular. Femora and fourth apical Abdomen

on

tooth

posterolateral surface

posterior

of tibiae

of

without

tergum

extreme

the

groove,

erect

long

rounding surface

latter

the

hind

setae;

into

the

instead

of

gradually oblique femur

to

extending

abdomen. of dorsoventral line at base strongly flattened, as long as abdominal width first at that point; a transverse to base, without top of declivity

(fig. 28) very two-thirds tergum with sides rounded

second

and

side

each

propodeum,

base

a very

with

shallow

small,

concavity.

Male.?Unknown.

1. nupela, new species; Finschhaven, Included Man species: dated Territory of New Guinea, and Maffin Bay, Dutch New Guinea.

the genotype.

examined:

Species Exopapua

new

nupela*,

Figs.

species

6,

9 Maffin ; Bay f, Dutch New Guinea; Type. of Sciences]. Ross) [California Academy 4.0 mm.

Female.?Length weak bronzy

reflections

scape mandible, of first abdominal Body short

and

legs with setae silvery

base,

tergum, Head

and

genus; frontal

punctures

quite

shining, concavity in a large

head

apices

tegula,

and

strong, of

coxae,

thorax

with

two

and sparse

large

or

lacking

as figured

equilateral

6)

(fig.

moderately and becoming

large more triangle,

triangular elsewhere.

areas

trochanters, and antennae

on

extremely

metallic

bright

28.

(E. S.

1944

July

rest of legs light reddish; tergite no erect the vestiture setae, consisting are moderately on which dense legs,

scutellum

scutum,

ocelli

at

the Black, scutellum

except

18, 26,

and

green; base

brownish.

of

decumbent, on dense quite second abdominal

as described for proportions of laterad contiguous shallow, on upper front and vertex; separated the posterior almost pair touching

and

with

and

eye margins. *

Pidgin

English

for

new

one.

E. All war-time collections S, LSS'W t2?00' over in a narrow not coastal 25 feet strip is that recollection the specimens of Exopapua TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

at this station sea above level. were on taken

were Dr. foliage.

made Ross'

184

AMISEGINAE

as described for genus; (fig. 18) and with proportions figured and with small and inter smooth scattered punctures shining dull scutum and with dense dull minute scutellum punctures; as

Thorax pronotum spaces; and

OF

REVIEW

dense

small and with punctures; postscutellum shining and with shallow very mesopleuron shining large, the close punctures; and metapleuron smooth and very propodeum shiny, area above a few close, abdominal insertion with arched carinules. as figured Abdomen scattered small punc (fig. 28) ; first four terga with with

scattered

tures; areas;

small

punctures;

second second

also with tergum sternum with

a pair large,

of

large,

shallow,

triangular, moderately

closely

punctate

close,

elongate

punctures. Male.?Unknown.

9. ; same data as type, but September 1944 $ Mandated of New ; Finschhafen, [USNM]. Territory Dr. Ross advises me that Guinea; May 2, 1944 (E. S. Ross). the latter specimen will be deposited in the British Museum. The paratypes in all details with the type. agree very closely The one from Maffin Bay the Finschhafen is 5.1 mm. and long, 1

Paratypes.

1

specimen

is 4.0 mm. new

ATOPOGYNE,

genus

(Figures 24, 34) Atopogyne Genotype: lineata, new species. By present desig nation (two included species). I am erecting this genus for two species of winged females from Borneo and Burma, which I supposed at first represented the op sex the It of Rohweria. differs from Rohweria posite Philippine in having instead of light red and black chiefly integument instead of metallic the scutellum than blue, postscutellum longer area of the postscutellum the reverse, the enclosed triangular to lateral areas instead of differently so, a sculptured similarly on of acute each side dorsum spur propodeal posteriorly long, blunt tooth, tibiae without instead of a weak, long scattered cell curved streak almost closing marginal setae, and darkened upward from the stub of radial vein toward the costal from the stub of the instead of curving evenly outward margin are perhaps of only specific Some of these differences radial vein. or sex-limited such value such as the integumental coloration, armature and of as the different of pro sculpture postscutellum abruptly

podeum. American

However, Amisega

reference

to two

and Mesitiopterus

species of the fully-winged demonstrates that in those

KARL

V.

185

KROMBEIN

in the scutellar-postscutel genera the two sexes are not different lar length ratio, tibial vestiture and venation. Consequently, it seems reasonable to assume that these differences between are actually female Atopogyne and male Rohweria of generic value.

is unique among females of the Australasian Series Atopogyne of genera because is it is fully winged. it rather Superficially similar in appearance to the fully winged females of the Ameri can Series. affinities the brachypterous the with However, enormous de females are shown in the relatively Australasian a the of the of presence groove along velopment postscutellum, of the mesopleural disk, and promi dorsum. of the angles propodeal

the oblique anterior margin nently toothed posterolateral frontal

except

is

which

concavity

not

apex

convex,

slightly

as

and

rugose;

transversely

the margin

thickened, as long

coarsely

height,

malar

rounded;

one-third

eye

and with rugose and first long as pedicel than somewhat broader the middle short segments fusiform, cross and in section with subcircular to tenth fourth segments at anterior areas distance interocular ocellus sensory beneath;

versely

head

times

the

plane,

many

part of Thorax

front

dorsum

lineations; as

34)

(fig.

abruptly decumbent

the

triangular

area

with

broadly

streak

0.83-0.86

lengths as times are

as surface

an

close

even for

present closing

vein; 1.2 length

rugose dorsal

nearly

radial

of

pronotal combined

irregularly rounded;

flat

with

interspaces forming

in forewing

costa

stub

from

latter

front

of

part

the punctate, closely in profile of thorax

setae; median the times

scutellum;

upper

the long, flattened 0.37-0.40

and

in

same

lower the longitudinally lin?ate, closely, to upper and perpendicular part. and mesopleuron scutellum scutum, pronotum,

but in Amisega, and darkened

upward

0.55-0.63

margin

and

stigma,

beyond

and

vertex width; of the interspaces declivous abruptly

(fig. 24) and rather

coarsely

closely

clypeus space well

trans frontal concavity height; as a low median antennal scape elongate, ridge; combined two or three flagellar ; flagellum segments

about

developed,

the

times

1.1

width

with

Female.?Head punctate

times

scutum, as scutellum, long the

distance

cell

turning short dense, the length of scutum, and post scutellum

marginal with forewing

of

longitudinal venation

curve; a short

lateral

of propodeum of propodeum

the

median

the posterior areas, a on each side with

above margined carinae. and laterally by straight carina, such with femora erect Tibiae without hairs; occasionally hair, long abdomen. to of hind femur apex extending as in Rohweria, in part of terga but one or more much Abdomen longi or carinate. tudinally arcuately spur; posterior strong posterolateral or sinuate in middle by an arched

Male

TRANS.

.?Unknown.

AMER.

ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

surface

186

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

Included species: 1. lineata, new species; 2. rieki, new species; $ ; Burma. those listed above. Species examined: new

lineata,

Atopogync

Figs.

species

Borneo.

9- ; Sandakan,

34.

24,

This species is closely related to A. rieki from Borneo, and the are noted in the discussion of that species. chief differences Borneo $ (Baker Coll.) ; Sandakan, [U. S. National Type. No. Museum, 63231]. Type 5.0 mm.,

Female.?Length black abdomen except most hind femur of

of

cell

a

larger

pale;

entirely elsewhere.

and first pedicel Head beneath.

except abdomen

with

of forewing the rest spot at apex of wing, on setae dark forewing dense,

dull frontal except distance interocular

Head except frontal

concavity, at anterior

and

on

proportions 0.40 ocellus

light streak

red

red,

rest

light

erect, light brown in marginal

and hind forewing infuscated areas, as

described the

times

on

short,

decumbent, a small spot of

and

Head

legs and

flagellar segment and thorax with sparse, as are

shorter, infuscated

4.6 mm.

tegula thorax

of propodeum,

surfaces

posterior

scape,

hair, half

Basal and

and

dorsal

black; black

flagellum brown

light setae.

including forewing metallic reflections;

without

wing pale

for head

genus width;

a dozen are stronger transverse about with ridges which concavity the posterior in rieki; ocelli small and in a small, triangle, equilateral antennal twice their diameter; from eye margins by almost pair separated as long as pedicel combined. and first three flagellar scape segments as figured the dorsum Thorax dull except (fig. 24) shining, propodeum than

median

times

0.55

length

pronotal

the

combined

scutel scutum, long as scutellum; and lateral metapleuron

lengths as times

of

0.83 lum and postscutellum postscutellum; fused like pronotum; sculptured mesopleuron a few longitudinal and several fine with of propodeum surface rugae below with five surface of propodeum carinae ridges above; radiating posterior an outer pair along from the rather broad lateral apex, one median, upward median and outer from the and the other equidistant ridges, pair margins areas the

Abdomen where the

shining,

with

outwardly

first

irregular,

oblique

scattered,

long

erect

ridges,

hairs;

some fine punctures on with a small with anterolateral tergum a few interspersed lin?ate with small

hind

fine and

tergum

two-thirds,

the

else sides, area finely

tergum

second

longitudinally closely, elsewhere with sides third

with

beneath.

impunctate;

punctate; on basal

ridges

smooth.

and

beneath smooth

intermediate

and

areas

central

Femora femora

and

outer

between two

rest

scattered

sternum

with

impunctate;

punctures,

the

fine, moderately fourth tergum

rest

of

close with

punctures, disk im punctures close,

fine

;

KARL

with

with

anterolaterally ones. minute

scattered

187

KROMBEIN

sternum

second

punctures; elsewhere

V.

larger,

close

punctures,

M ale.?Unknown. new

rieki*,

Atopogyne

species

A. rieki from Burma and A. lineata from Borneo are the only two known species of the anomalous genus Atopogyne. Although of the two are obviously they differ in a number congeneric, from and rieki may be readily distinguished characters, smaller size; non-fasciate forewing; by the following: scutellum and post 0.63 times as long as scutum, pronotum scutellum rather than 0.55 times ; hind femur beneath combined specific lineata

and irregularly rugulose minutely car?nate on lateral longitudinally second tergum almost completely behind instead of with meeting carinae

of smooth ; first tergum fourth instead of smooth; and carinae covered with arcuate only a few straight, weaker

instead

anterolaterally.

National 9 ; Birmanie [Type in Museum Paris (from Ernest Andr? collection)].

Type. Naturelle,

d'Histoire

3.4 mm. 4.4 mm., Head, tegula including forewing Female.?Length areas carinate and abdomen and posterior dorsal black; surfaces, propodeal dark with on first two abdominal very green reflections; weak, terga but elsewhere thorax coxae, trochanters, dark, red; legs mostly light dark antennae at base, at base, and tibiae femora light red; narrowly on and first flagellar scape segment. basally occa dorsum of latter with bare (denuded?), membrane brown setae. very Wing light short, subrecumbent, sional, setae on forewing not decumbent, light brown. fasciate, dense, light brown, as described for genus frontal Head dull concavity, proportions except somewhat

brown,

and

Head

thorax

interocular

except frontal

concavity ocelli lineata;

lighter

mostly

distance

at

about

with

anterior 16

ocellus

tranverse

somewhat

in a comparatively arranged the posterior separated lineata, pair of an ocellus less than the diameter

of head

somewhat

in than

in

the

lin?ate

and

first

more

interspaces two

flagellar

than separated more prominent; segments

0.37 ridges

in

times which

the

head

are weaker

width; than

larger triangle equilateral from inner eye margins by ; punctation

lineata, antennal

and, scape

of dorsal

surface

with consequently, as long as pedicel

combined.

* It is a to name this species for E. F. Riek, of the Common pleasure wealth and Industrial Scientific Research Organization, Canberra, Australia, of his study in recognition of the Australian Mr. Riek found the species. in the Andr? which the type of this species collection constitutes specimen to borrow in the Paris Museum, and was it and place it generous enough in my and description. for study hands TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

188

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

and propodeum the com 0.63 times dull; median pronotal length 0.86 of scutum, scutellum and postscutellum; length postscutellum as long as scutellum; times and meso of dorsum of thorax punctation to that of similar and side of fused metapleuron very pleuron lineata; with of pro surface propodeum uniform, close, oblique rugulae; posterior Thorax

bined

with five podeum and intermediate

ridges

ate

ridges

and

rugose; than

lateral

posterolateral in lineata.

Femora

the side

central but areas between lineata, intermedi and those between

dorsum of propodeum so; obliquely irregularly a bit of propodeum slender and more longer erect

scattered,

hairs;

hind

femur

beneath

minutely

and

rugulose. first shining; fourth with

lateral

with

in

rugose,

transversely spine

without

irregularly Abdomen

as

ridges

radiating

a small, of which

finely are

with

tergum fine,

punctate,

median

close,

half

and impunctate, smooth second tergum carinae; on each base in middle, which weaker become pos

longitudinal area at triangular

carinae longitudinal to meet behind the basal punctate inwardly along midline and third fourth dense first three triangle; terga with fine, punctures; on upper and third with fine dense second laterotergites punctures half; sterna with are denser somewhat which in lineata. than larger punctures and

teriorly

Male

close,

arch

.?Unknown.

ROHWERIA

Fonts

(Figure 8) Rohweria

Fouts,

1925.

Phil.

Jour.

Sei.

26:

515.

Rohweria metallica 1925. Monotypic and Genotype: Fouts, by original designation. blue integument of the head and most of The strong metallic thorax separates males of this genus at once from other males of are weakly the Australasian Series. The males of Cladobethylus are much more elongate, but in that genus the antennae metallic, slender. the head very elongate, and the form more Super are to in similar rather males of Rohweria appearence ficially, but those genera lack and Indothrix, of Myrmecomimesis males the carina at base of hind coxa above and the oblique groove across the upper third of mesopleuron. irom the height, 1.1 to 1.2 times usually (fig. 8) with width which is transversely frontal concavity except punctate coarsely truncate at or smooth; and obliquely mandibles flattened broad,

Male.?Head rather rugose apex; well with

clypeus developed, or without

with about

and malar thickened space sulcate; frontal concavity long as eye height; as long as the antennal scape elongate,

margin apical as one-third

a median

ridge;

KARL

V.

189

KROMBEIN

all seg first stout, segment; plus flagellum pedicel flagellar at anterior than broad; distance ocellus 0.45-0.55 interocular longer vertex times the head width; and upper part of front flat and in one plane, front. into the perpendicular evenly rounding short

very ments

Thorax

34)

but

outward

and

coarsely dorsum

the

profile

closely an

darkened

forming streak

from

of

stub

nearly radial vein, about ending

of wing,

the

costa

forewing

with

moderately 1.0 to 1.25

from length the combined lum

1.1-1.7

tate

and

terior blunt,

or more even

sparse,

curve;

and finely venation

punctate, sparsely as in Atopogyne

in (fig.

cell is curved evenly closing marginal not base and venation crowded toward two-thirds suberect

to apex of distance of wing; median setae; longer pronotal and 0.43-0.55 of scutum, times

the length and postscutellum; scutellum scutum, postscutel area punc the median long as scutellum, triangular or rugose from the smooth lateral the pos areas, times

of

lengths as times

differentiated

rounded and in middle in a pair of margin terminating broadly an oblique at upper decumbent with groove mesopleuron teeth; a weak on each side with dorsal surface of propodeum blunt tooth;

third; surface of posterior carina and laterally Femora

beneath

propodeum by and

straight

margined carinae.

above

in middle

by

an

arched

and tibiae with externally, externally scattered, femur to about three-fourths of distance extending coxa above of abdomen; hind at base car?nate outer margin. apex along Abdomen dorsoventral line at base of second strongly flattened, tergum 0.6 as long as abdominal at that point; about scat width terga with fine, long

erect

hairs;

hind

tered

or suberect first punctures setae; bearing short, subappressed a transverse sides to base, rounded without top of declivity a very declivous surface with broad shallow, moderately concavity. Female .?Unknown.

with

tergum groove,

1. azurea, new species; $ ; Iligan and Butuan, species: Mindanao, Philippines. 2. metallica 1925; $ ; Sibuyan Fouts, Island, Philippines. 3. minor, new species; $ Mt. ; Makiling, Luzon, Philippines. those listed above. Species examined:

Included

Rohweria

metallica

Fouts

Rohweria

metallica

Fouts,

Sibuyan

Island,

1925.

Philippines;

Phil. type

Jour. in U.

Sei.

26:

S. National

516,

figs.

1, 2

($

;

Museum).

This is closely related to R. azurea, n. sp., from Mindanao, but is specifically distinct in having the metapleuron, lateral areas of and entire propodeum black instead of blue, in postscutellum the interior the of cell infumated having only margin marginal instead of the whole groove basad cell, in having a non-foveate of postscutellar instead of a foveate one, and in having triangle TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

190

REVIEW

shallow

OF

AMISEGINAE

on postscutellar punctures triangle ones. separated The single available of metallica shows that topotypic male there is variation in some details of the punctation. In this on the of and two-thirds specimen punctures posterior pronotum

coarse, instead

contiguous

of small

entire mesonotum somewhat broader denser punctation so marked. The

are subcontiguous, are the interspaces whereas in the type. This tendency toward somewhat on the scutellum also, though not is apparent median in the is stronger groove pronotal

topotype. Rohweria

5.1 mm.,

Male.?Length and thorax head

ous; with

8.

Fig.

species

S ;Butuan, Mindanao Type No. 63232].

Type. Museum,

green

new

azurea,

metallic

forewing neck

including and sides

blue,

abdomen

reflections; and tegula faint bluish

(Baker

dark

very

the legs testaceous, reflections. Head

of

5.1 mm. Shining; tegula some bright thorax with

almost stramine scape blue, black; hind and femora those pair browner and thorax rather with dense, short,

in a

arranged

low

areas

laterad

punctures triangle, anterior

of

concavity are not

which

line

ocellocular

and

top confluent a bit

is sparser

which

abdomen with hair similar erect, hair; light brown cell infumated. suberect. pale except marginal Wings with about ten Frontal concavity low, transverse ridge; longitudinal shallow contiguous

[U. S. National

Coll.)

and

and a median ridges of head with coarse, in lines; ocelli large,

less

than

a

of

diameter

and ocelli the about by ocellus, posterior separated at anterior ocellus 0.49 times interocular distance of an ocellus; a short median the head width; ocelli posterior ridge between extending a short distance onto vertex; antennae back relative of seg stout, lengths

posterior diameter

as 30:8:22:12:11:11:11:11:11:10:10:10:14, with scape beginning as broad as long. two-thirds intermediate about segments flagellar 1.2 times and 0.52 times of scutum, Median pronotal length length

ments

and postscutellum; of scutum, scutellum lengths are contiguous on anterior which shallow coarse, punctures a well-defined narrow on posterior two-thirds, contiguous combined

on

posterior scutellum with

a bit groove

closer; basad

scutellum this

ridge

pronotum coarse,

two-thirds, punctation postscutellum of equilateral

1.2

margin to that

deeper,

area below

broadly on hind

long as the area, is a U-shaped as

times

triangular area triangular

of ; laterad and the triangular and mesopleuron

somewhat

apical similar

with

radiating

oblique

subcontiguous

groove punctures;

ridge, weaker at

the

with pronotum third and sub median

arcuate; part of

scutellum, latter area

the

groove

scutum

and

but pronotum a foveate with

the

like punctured area between

ridges; upper

mesopleuron

sides third

of

with above

KARL

small

with

oblique

groove

teriorly; tudinal

metapleuron

a smooth area except ridges on median arcuate keel posteriorly a dozen about laterad rugae, straight and between rugae irregular running

an

terior

surface

the more smooth of

or

less

tergum second

surface;

but

midline,

a

a bit punctures the diameter of

in middle; area third, of

area

this

it and

with at

keel

circular

short

ridges. with scattered

larger, many a puncture.

except

small small

with tergum narrow median

strip them

of

pos

close

longi with

dorsum this

an

lateral

keel

ridge

margin;

pos

abdominal

insertion; dorsum

and propodeal area top ; triangular for a series of smaller

punctures punctures smooth;

with

oblique

at

wrinkles

smooth

denser

with

propodeal basad of

foveae just above large area between foveae these

roughly the bounding

along First

somewhat

propodeum

few

for a few very area circular

except

this

a

with

are

which punctures lateral surface of

and

191

KROMBEIN

V.

laterad foveae

on posterior horizontal closer toward becoming sternum second the with

separated

by

not

much

more

than

Female.?Unknown.

as type. 2 $ ? ; Iligan, Mindanao has been placed The [all USNM]. paratopotype a in and the of Museum, Academy paratype Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The paratopotype is quite similar to the type in most details of the punctation and color, but the pronotal shows punctation mm. a tendency toward longitudinal 5.4 and is the ridging length Paratypes. (Baker Coll.) in the British

1 S ; same data

two paratypes from Iligan are 5.3 and 6.4 mm. long and as with follows: mesonotal from the type differ punctation are and legs transverse toward compara ridging, tendency tively darker.

The

Rohweria

minor,

new

species

two species in a number of is distinct from the preceding smooth frontal concavity, such as the small ocelli, characters hind margin much more delicate obtusely punctation, angulate This

the different antennal of pronotum, Luzon Mt. $ ; Makiling, Type. No. 63233]. Museum, Type

proportions, (Baker Coll.)

and others. [U. S. National

2.8 mm. 3.6 mm., Shining; including tegula forewing metallic and postscutellar scutellum triangle mesonotum, pronotum, at base, elsewhere brown reddish rest of thorax black very ; abdomen and mandible almost scape, except legs tip, teg?la, black; blue,

Male.?Length head, blue, dark

stramineous.

TRANS.

Head

AMER. ENT.

and

thorax

with

SOC, LXXXII.

short,

erect,

moderately

dense,

pale

192

REVIEW

abdomen

hair;

segments. Frontal

pale,

concavity

with

small

ing

denser

in a

arranged

low

ocellocular triangle, and posterior ocelli

beginning segments Medial

almost

at

distance

are they subcontiguous line a bit more than by separated anterior ocellus

twice

relative ridge on vertex; lengths as 20:5:10:7:6:6:6:5:5:5:5:4:8, scape as long. as broad

no median with

punctures; where

occiput

anterior ocellus, an ocellus; interocular width;

marginal

smooth;

separated toward

AMISEGINAE

suberect brownish hair on posterior longer, cell very infumated. slightly areas laterad of and just above concavity small punctures becom top of head with

somewhat

with

Wings

OF

times

antennal the

small, of an

diameter

the

0.55 of

; ocelli diameter

the

of head

segments intermediate

as long to length of scutum, and 0.43 times length equal pronotal of scutum, and postscutellum; scutellum combined pronotum lengths a narrow the obtusely median from with groove pos extending angulate the surface with small punctures to anterior almost terior margin declivity, as

half mesonotum about of a puncture; the width by mostly separated as as scutellum 1.7 times and similarly punctured; long postscutellum not scutellum ; equilateral postscutellar punctate, triangle delicately a U-shaped at base, series of shallow laterally grooved margined by areas and between laterad of these foveolae them and the pair foveolae; of median groove a few

decumbent with

coarser,

teeth shallow

at

apex

smooth

subcontiguous

; mesopleuron above

pits,

below

oblique with groove they are denser; above margined the

small scattered where punctures except posteriorly and lateral surface of propodeum metapleuron smooth, an arcuate and dorsum with carina by a carina; propodeal posteriorly a very on median few weak of this keel with posteriorly third, area basad laterad of this area at side; to the bounding carina smooth pos rugae, terior surface almost smooth for five weak except entirely ridges radiating on each one the broad the pair from side of the median apex, a more or less circular area which with the arcuate carina above forming a few weak is a little arcuate below foveolae roughened carina; margin

upward

outer ridges along edges. with minute almost absent punctures, on a and second and becoming third,

ing the intermediate above Abdomen very

scattered

terga; posterior Female.?Unknown.

sterna

with

somewhat

larger,

moderately

on

first

little

tergum, on denser

dense

punctures.

Kieffer

CLADOBETHYLUS (Figure 7) Cladobethylus

Kieffer,

1922.

Phil.

Jour.

Sei.

20:

67.

1922. By original Cladobethylus cruciger Kieffer, included originally). (three species and one variety of this genus is based on a male interpretation specimen My at the U. S. in the Baker collection from Surigao, Mindanao, which agrees fairly well with Kieffer's National Museum, descrip Genotype: designation

KARL

V.

KROMBEIN

193

tion of the genotype, C. cruciger, from Butuan, Mindanao and Mt. Makiling, Luzon. It is unfortunate that we lack material of this genus determined for I believe that it is a com by Kieffer, are in There the Baker collection of genus. posite specimens labels in Kieffer's Bethylidae bearing determination handwriting of some of the other species described in this 1922 paper, but ap of Cladobethylus parently Kieffer never returned any specimens to Baker. The specimen before me agrees with Kieffer's generic descrip tion except in a few details. Kieffer says the eyes are bare, but in this specimen the eyes bear short setae?these setae are easily or Kieffer have missed them. Kieffer may denuded, says the is rounded behind?if he means scutellum the posterior margin, it is straight in this specimen, but if he means that the sclerite is convex this specimen agrees. He speaks of the second abdom inal tergum as falling away in front?either he uses second here or a condition in the true morphological he is describing sense, which

is totally unlike that in the true morphological segment, then his description

in this

If he is using specimen. sense, i. e., for the apparent first of the abdomen [" third scarcely ones shorter "] almost longer than second, the three following in this specimen. exactly depicts the condition I have another male agrees quite well with specimen which It is the first described Kieffer. species, C. myrmecophilus to a new genus, Colocar, on distinct and is assigned generically a following The third species placed in this page. originally is based on a female. I have no genus, C. coeruleus Kieffer, so cannot reach any female Amiseginae from the Philippines, as to the generic assignment of coeruleus. conclusion It may be correctly pos assigned here, or it may belong elsewhere, second

I retain the time being in Rohweria. For coeruleus sibly in Cladobethylus. at once by the elongate head in This genus is distinguished It has the height which is distinctly greater than the width. clothed with antennae long erect setae and Indothrix, Colocar but differs from an oblique groove across the in having both of those genera the apical margin of clypeus upper fourth of the mesopleuron, the

which

elongate extremely also characterize

TRANS.

AMER.

ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

194

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

the long, relatively thickened, broad, costa not produced beyond stigma. Male.?Head

7) with

(fig. smaller

separated, of lower

width the

punctures,

front

convergent; strongly the truncate apical margin elongate, malar 1.25 times the median length;

diameter low

of

median

shorter only erect

ridge;

to

(ninth

in

equal times

for

body three-fourths

as

scape half

again

eleventh

long long as

missing the fifth

length,

quite

with

height,

width

and

the

somewhat

of

the

sides

clypeus truncation

half

the greatest broad and smooth, relatively a bit rather elongate, probably

and

pedicel as body, as pedicel

and

stigma,

rugose, weakly as in Rohweria;

thick,

space a with

scape,

as

the

concavity mandible

concavity antennae filiform,

than

hair; latter

the

frontal

eye;

times

0.79 frontal

lanceolate

very

first

covered

long,

segments

eight flagellar with moderately

dense,

are long

and first flagellar segment combined, to eighth the second long as second segment; in my sub specimen) flagellar segments single to eighth basal 3.0 without tubercle and about

as long as wide; at anterior half interocular distance ocellus the the vertex and upper of head from above part width; quadrate, lower part in the same front flat and of front declivous plane, abruptly a low, median to upper vertex and with part; polished perpendicular to fore ocellus. anteriorly ridge extending

head

Thorax

much

1.6 times

the

as

as follows: median except pronotal length to combined of scutum scutum, subequal lengths times of scutum, scutellum the combined lengths as in Rohweria venation and wing vestiture but stigma in Rohweria

of length and 0.62

and

scutellum,

and

postscutellum;

and costa 2.5 times width the the greatest very lanceolate, length long, not not disk produced anteriorly, mesopleural grooved beyond stigma; some of those most at upper fourth of discal punctures large and shallow, above united which is a patch of fine, into a shallow, groove, oblique close the

punctures apical

a

elsewhere Legs First third

1.6 times postscutellum on each side inward of

posteriorly; curved

at teeth subappressed in middle surface which

acute, dorsal with

margin

few

strong

mostly to similar two

and

ridges

apex

in middle;

is

longitudinally outward

radiating

species:

Mindanao, Surigao Philippines.

sparse

1. coeruleus

of

pair

with

propodeum

rugose; posterior abdominal from

scutellum, close-set, a short surface insertion,

very

punctures, long, erect

Kieffer,

vestiture

denuded;

setae.

9 ; Butuan,

1922;

Philippines. and 2. cruciger Kieffer, 1922; $ ;Butuan on Mindanao, and Mt. Luzon, Makiling, 3.

Mt.

as

long

transversely rugulose. those of Rohweria.

very terga with small, fourth terga with scattered,

Included

as the

Banahao,

cruciger Tayabas,

var. Luzon,

antennalis

Kieffer,

Philippines.

1922;

KARL

V.

new

COLOCAR,

195

KROMBEIN

genus

(Figure 22) new species. Genotype: alticola, By present desig nation included (two species). Colocar Indothrix the genera resembles among superficially are known. convex in which males the pro However, strongly notum with its abruptly thickened declivous, posterior margin are known is very reminiscent of Exova and Exopapua which lie real affinities that its only from females, and it is possible on with such genera. The presence of long setae the rather and and similar head ratios cause Colocar elongate flagellum Colocar

Indothrix notably pronotal absence

to appear superficially similar, but the former differs in the snlooth frontal concavity, presence of a delicate groove and of a carina above at base of hind coxa, and of apical margin of a rather deep median emargination

sternum. abdominal the second in of (Kieffer), myrmecophilus interpretation My and cluded species, is based on two male specimens from Basilan in S. the U. Baker in the collection Mindanao, Zamboanga, which agree quite well with Kieffer's National Museum specific Kieffer of the male type from Butuan, Mindanao. description have the states that the eyes are bare, whereas my specimens setae. His thoracic meas eyes writh very short, inconspicuous of

second

and scutellum two-thirds urements (scutum as long as pronotum from mine. The specific differ somewhat as long as scutum) was because applied apparently name, a probable misnomer, to the ventral surface of a small ant was "... firmly attached " of Kieffer's abdomen type. Male.?Head short, large, scattered ately mandible is smooth;

and

the width or

confluent

similar

to

subequal,

with

shallow,

frontal

concavity more though well developed,

malar space apex not thickened; without frontal as eye concavity height; as long 1.1-1.4 times rather elongate, fiiliform,

convex, clypeus as long times antennae

height

except puctures of Rohweria that

median as body,

moder which slender; 0.37-0.55 ridge; covered

and first scape as long as pedicel long, erect hair; dense, moderately or as long as the latter alone, the latter a third combined segment flagellar as long as second to a fourth segment; segments flagellar beyond again at subbasal interocular distance in length, without first subequal tubercle; head from the head above times 0.43-0.52 ocellus anterior width; quad

with

TRANS.

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

196

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

lower part and upper part of front flat and in same plane, rate, the vertex to upper of front abruptly and perpendicular declivous part. or shallow Thorax sparse, punctures moderately small, (fig. 22) with a deep with in profile the dorsum with ones; curved, though large, dense vestiture and and wing between venation pronotum impression scutum; as

in Rohweria; or less, 0.73

third

times

as

lateral

margin

terminating

surface of propodeum arched by a weak, carina, surfaces weak by a straight, similar to those of Indothrix.

Legs Abdomen

as

in Rohweria

but

shallow

the

median or

scutum of

lengths

posterior

in middle

postscutellum dorsal teeth; surface

its

as

long

as combined

long

convex,

strongly

a

with

pronotum as times

scutum,

subequal scutellum

on posterior groove to it, and 0.37-0.43 and postscutellum,

declivous and thickened abruptly in a pair of close, acute, subappressed from posterior rugose, short, separated the

latter

surface

separated

from

;

the

carina. dorsal

punctation

relatively

sparser.

Female.?Unknown.

Included

species:

1. alticola,

new

species;

$ ; Mindoro,

Philippines. 2. myrmecophilus 1922, new (Kieffer), in Cladobethylus) combination ; $ ;Butuan, (described and Zamboanga, Basilan Mindanao, Philippines. studied: listed those above. Species Colocar

new

alticola,

species

from Mindoro from the species is quite distinct which I believe to be myrmecophilus (Kieffer). The punctation of head and dorsum of thorax of the latter is The it is coarse and close in alticola. finer and distant, whereas antennae of alticola are longer, 1.4 times as long as body as com This species from Mindanao

space is also relatively longer, 0.55 pared to 1.1 times; the malar to 0.37; and the ratio times as long as eye height as compared to head width is ocellus at anterior distance of interocular as the and In alticola to 0.43. 0.52 pronotum compared greater, the pro in myrmecophilus in length, while scutum are equal as long as the scutum. The color notum is only three-fourths ation with

is also different: dark

bronze

white,

whereas

palest

parts

alticola

reflections

myrmecophilus of the legs are

has the head and thoracic dorsum and the palest parts of the legs are and the reflections lacks metallic light testaceous.

KARL

197

V. KROMBEIN

4500 ? ;Hong, Mt. Halc?n, Mindoro Type, Is., Philippines; ft. elev., in mossy 9, 1954 (M. and D. Townes) forest; May Museum, [U. S. National Type No. 63234]. 3.2

Male.?Length head

and

shining;

mm.,

forewing dorsum

thoracic

abdomen

and

; the

laterotergites narrow basal

clypeus,

testaceous?mandible following on scape, anterolateral tiny

annulus

hind margin of lateral pronotal dorsum, the white?inner surface of following femora

and

trochanters,

and

fore

tibia

surface fore

erect,

brown

light

segments. Punctures

on

head

0.55

times

body,

the

relative

0.52

Relative

1.5

times

large,

times the

scutum,

thorax,

subcontiguous; as 1.4 times with

as

scape

segments in a arranged

about

malar long as 20:4:22: 0.2

times

small

diameter interocular

equilateral of an ocellus, distance

at

width.

as and postscutellum scutellum pronotum, scutum, and as on vertex; with size of punctures density area with and median somewhat U-shaped postscutellar area of postscutellum median punctures; margined laterally area with transverse falciform and laterad ridges, with rather very mesopleuron large, quite shallow, fused metapleuron and lateral surface of propodeum

somewhat

this mostly

smooth;

punctures; separated smooth for a few wrinkles except posteriorly; or the rugulae center more toward rugulose, slightly arched, Abdomen above with minute, much

surface

posterior

oblique;

above

with

of

of

lengths

closer smaller, a narrow,

with

sides

hair;

sparser flagellum hair; of flagellar long as width

pronotum scutellum

9:9:5:7;

sides

tegula; coxae,

to lateral subequal the ocellocular;

head

and

pronotum mid and

Wings above

shallow, antennae

height;

except on

spot

above. narrowly Head and thorax

segments beginning the intermediate

moderately distance

the ocellocular triangle, the postocellar distance ocellus

of

lengths

as

large,

long

17:15:15:15:15:15:15:14:14:17, as wide as long; ocelli

by of

Black, the

hind

silvery similar

approximately

moderately as eye

as

space

hair

of

coxa,

except suberect.

setae hyaline, dark, moderately dense, with moderately suberect fairly dense, short, abdominal femora and tibiae with dorsum,

anterior

mm.

reflections;

femora and narrowly, tarsi, brown?flagellum, extreme base and latero tergites ; the following except light coxa outwardly, mid and hind extreme tibiae beneath, base of

brown?fore

with

3.5

bronzy tibiae above

dark following and abdomen

tip,

tegula

including with dark

surface

longitudinal, fine with

of propodeum those toward

those propodeum rugulae, and transverse. straight minute sternum second very scattered, punctures; closer fourth and fifth sterna punctures; third,

those

somewhat closer

of

dorsal less

below

punctures.

Female.?Unknown.

Paratype. The

coll.].

exactly TRANS.

$ ; same data as type, but May 11, 1954 [Townes is 3.5 mm. is almost long, and otherwise

paratype like the type.

AMER.

ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

198

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

new

INDOTHRIX,

genus

(Figures 9, 23) and Genotype: lougicornis, new species. Monotypic by present designation. This unique genus is known from only the male at present. It is quite distinct from known males of most other genera in the Australasian Series because of the extremely filiform long, the median of the apical margin of the antennae, emargination second sternite and the lack of a basal carina on hind coxa above. Indothrix

it resembles such Philippine genera as Cladobe Superficially, and in the Colocar but differs from thylus antennae, elongate them in the other two characters enumerated above, and also in having near the intermediate tuberculate flagellar segments It differs from Rohweria in the absence of an oblique of the mesopleural along anterior margin disk, the apical of clypeus not thickened, and the shorter dorsal area of margin the propodeum. It is like the Australian in Myrmecomimesis hind coxa and lack of an general body build, the ecarinate but differs oblique groove across the upper part of mesopleuron, in the total absence of the median groove, the some pronotal base.

groove

different what lengths proportional the thoracic dorsum, and the much on abdominal terga. as

Male.?Head coarse,

(fig.

figured

versely

punctures subcontiguous as mandible rugose;

margin

not

eye

height;

extremely dense, segment,

width frontal

except

the

1.1

sclerites composing and finer punctures

times

concavity

the

height, which is

with trans

in Rohweria; the convex, clypeus apical as long as 0.28 times space well developed, a weak median antennae with ridge; filiform, as long as body, covered times with moderately

malar thickened; frontal concavity

1.3 elongate, erect scape long hair; the latter subequal

flagellar the fifth

segments; to tenth

distance

at

ing evenly Thoracic

the

9),

of

sparser

flagellar each with

anterior

ocellus

into

perpendicular (fig. 23) with

the

as

as first long flagellar of the next two lengths the first in length, segments beyond subequal a small near base ; interocular beneath tubercle only to the

half

the

two-thirds

combined

head

width;

vertex

rather

flat,

round

front.

coarse similar punctures subcontiguous scutum with rather in profile except punctation shallow; as in Rohweria; the dorsum and wing venation vestiture curved; pronotum as long as to that and 0.45 times with median of scutum, equal length and postscutellum; combined scutellum of scutum, mesopleuron lengths to

those

dorsum

on

head

KARL

V.

199

KROMBEIN

almost surface of propodeum dorsal above; a short, posterolateral, obtuse and with laterally ex transverse which surface with rugulae propodeal

an oblique groove in middle, expanded

without absent

posterior onto lateral

angulation; tend partly

surfaces and posterior dorsal separated surfaces; on but a is those bit than surface, posterior stronger by so separated. not and posterior surfaces lateral hind femur and Femora with tibiae hairs; only short, subappressed a

carina

which

to

nearly

extending near base.

as

Abdomen

apex

in Rohweria

of

except

coxa

hind

abdomen; apical

of

margin

not

second

carinate

above emar

sternum

in middle. ginate Female.?Unknown.

1. longicornis, new Pulney Hills, South India. the genotype. Species examined: Included

species:

Indothrix

new

longicornis,

23.

9,

Figs.

species

$ ;Kodaikanal,

species,

South India, 6500 ft. $ ; Kodaikanal, Pulney Hills, 1953 (P. S. Nathan) elev.; April-May Museum, [U. S. National from author's collection]. Type No. 63235, by donation Type.

4.5 mm., and Black 4.2 mm. forewing including tegula Male.?Length coxae and trochanters into stramineous very pale yellow, shading shining; on femora hind pair; mandible, and all tibiae fore and mid except tegula, red ; scape, hind and thorax with tibia and tarsus brown. Head tarsi dark antennal with suberect, pale brown hair; dense, short, flagellum abdomen and legs with brown erect, darker hair; dense, decumbent, stain for small brown hair. except entirely pale Wings short, pale brown setae dark, moderately in marginal dense. cell; anteriorly as described as figured for genus Head ; proportions (fig. 9) and with a dozen moderately frontal with about large and close punctures; clypeus

moderately longer,

concavity rupted

very in middle in a

arranged margins

low

triangle, less than

depressed Thorax

in as

figured

described

for

genus;

podeum First sternum

and

front,

about

the

diameter

lateral

each

(fig. most

eight

longitudinal the posterior

23)

and

one with

of metapleuron

weak

transverse

ridge;

ocelli

inter

ridges

moderately large, from inner eye pair separated of an ocellus, the anterior ocellus on outer edge. and proportions sculpture and lateral surface of

depressed

as pro

smooth. two

with scattered terga the apical margin in middle. emargination

abdominal

similarly

obtusely angled Female.?Unknown.

TRANS.

a weak

by

a little

by

with

shallow,

punctate,

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

small with

punctures; a moderately

second broad,

200

REVIEW

The

OF

AMISEGINAE

African

Series

Of

the three genera included in this series, Alieniscus, Reidia and Obenbergerella, from both sexes, the is known only Reidia others from females alone. The females of the three African share the following which in combination characters, them from females of the foregoing American and separate Australasian set in italics are peculiar Series (those characters to the African groove; Series) :malar space without longitudinal a few extremely short setulae in Obenber eyes with except genera

carina present dorsally and later (denuded ?) ; occipital gerella groove; longitudinal ally; dorsum of pronotum without median scutum greatly expanded laterally so that vestiges of tegulae and wings, if present, are entirely concealed in dorsal view ;notaulices an disk margined and parapsidal furrows lacking; mesopleural a most of very groove; postscutellum large, covering teriorly by the hind part of thoracic dorsum ;posterolateral angles of thoracic of not dentate; surface abruptly propodeum posterior tarsal claws to thoracic and perpendicular declivous dorsum; as long as in Obenbergerella) ; hind basitarsus simple (unknown or a bit longer than second and third segments combined (un abdominal two with known in Obenbergerella) ; only first terga set off by delicate grooves. laterotergites to the similar externally is extremely of Reidia The male flat stouter and the mandible in having female, differing only dorsum

tened toward apex. in Series of genera is the most highly specialized The African are that several of its members the complex, and it is regrettable these The criteria distinguishing known from the females alone. to scutum the of are lateral the unusual entirely expansion genera con the almost complete of tegulae and wings, conceal vestiges and the simple and propodeum, of the postscutellum solidation are apparently of wings beneath There tarsal claws. vestiges the lateral lobes of the scutum, for something having the texture in the lateral view of the of a wing can be seen in that position as in shown thorax of Obenbergerella, Figure 20. There are no and propodeum. the postscutellum indicated is The extent of the postscutellum by the presence in the middle near the teeth of a pair of small, close, decumbent apex of the thoracic dorsum. furrows

or sutures

separating

KARL

Benoit

ALIENISCUS (Figures Alieniscus

1951.

Benoit,

Bull,

201

KROMBEIN

V.

10,

29)

19, 27,

et Ann.

Soc.

Ent.

87:

Belgique

91.

Arnoldi 1951. Monotypic Alieniscus and Benoit, designation. of the three genera appears to be the most primitive the African It most of the Austra Series. resembles comprising coarse sculpture, and also in that lasian genera in the relatively the propodeum has a definite dorsal surface along the midline. the sculpture In Reidia is in general much and Obenbergerella more delicate, and the postscutellum extends to the apex of the surface along the midline. dorsal thoracic Genotype:

by present Alieniscus

as figured (fig. as long one-fourth developed, a more or less well median defined Female.?Head

well

toward vertex, slightly times the interocular very

the

malar space coarsely 10), sculptured; as eye height; frontal with concavity inner eye margins carina; converging at lower ends of eyes distance interocular 1.25

at level of anterior antennal scape ocellus; as pedicel and first two flagellar combined ; segments individual subcircular the in cross segments elongate-fusiform, areas beneath; to tenth with vertex the fourth sensory flattened, as

elongate,

flagellum section,

distance

long

convex. feebly Thorax very coarsely erect black setae arising twice the about length

sparse, (fig. 19), with scattered, long, punctured from umbilicate with median ; pronotum punctures combined of scutum and and lengths scutellum, as postscutellum; a small, in middle at apex with scutellum

as

twice

long defined

a bisinuate scale with posterior margin; across upper groove third; posterior oblique not separated of thorax from dorsal surface by

poorly without podeum Hind

leg as figured and beneath

femora

(fig. 27) all tibiae

; hind above

coxa with

not

mesopleural of surface a carina. at base

carinate

above ; all extremely scattered, long, erect of abdomen; tarsi beneath apex

to almost extending close short, spines. Abdomen dorsoventral strongly flattened, (fig. 29) not as long as abdominal second three-fourths width tergum

setae; with

first

hind

groove, ale

of

with

tergum

feeble M

femur

rows

two

and

sides base

evenly with

rounded a short,

to

base,

longitudinal

top

of

line

at

at

that

declivity

base point; without

groove.

.?Unknown.

1. arnoldi species: Benoit, Southern Rhodesia. new 2. mutilloides,

Included

Umfolozi Species TRANS.

disk pro

examined: AMER. ENT.

Zululand.

River, the two SOC, LXXXII.

listed above.

1951; species;

9- ; Sawmills, 2 ; White

of

202 Alieniscus Alieniscus

Benoit

arnoldi Arnoldi

I have

Figs. 1952.

Benoit,

et Ann.

Bull,

Soc.

10,

19, 29.

Ent.

87:

Belgique

in National

Southern Rhodesia ; type

( 9 ; Sawmills, Southern

amiseginae

of

review

91

of

Museum

Rhodesia).

the

the unique of studying female opportunity of Dr. George Arnold. The species type through the courtesy new from its close relative, A. mutilloides, may be distinguished noted in the discussion of that species. species, by the differences for is quite detailed BenohVs adequate description original had

of the species.

recognition Alieniscus

new

mutilloides*,

Fig.

species

27.

"

..." men insect... like Promesitius This is the undescribed tioned by Reid (1941, p. 405, and footnote on 409). from only a single female, The present species, also known A. arnoldi from to arnoldi Benoit. differs is closely related characters: of combination the mutilloides lighter following by and first three flagellar red of thorax, seg legs, scape, pedicel, a which transverse with dozen frontal rugae ments; concavity to are coarser and more scutellum longitudinally separated; with fused ; metapleuron-propodeum rugosopunctate obliquely rugae on anterior half, irregularly punctate longitudinal parallel on posterior half ; and dorsum of first tergum to rugulosopunctate the and basal half of second tergum with very sparse punctures, carinae. intervals between punctures with close, longitudinal November Umfolozi 9 ;White 27, Zululand; River, Type. The Museum 1922 (R. H. Harris) (Natural History)]. [British data labels, one with the number specimen bears three additional " " Pr?s, by Z. "Ac. with second the 525," and the last 1270," M. B. 1936-260." Ent. Inst. Imp. Female.?Length mandibles

arnoldi;

5.1

mm.

to light all femora beneath, abdomen, sides the black erect setae,

beneath,

silvery pubescence. with Frontal concavity in arnoldi; than closer In allusion to Alieniscus

the Black, antennae

a

thorax

darker

red

than

in

and tibia fore femora beneath, and sides of head, thorax and Dorsum with above and all tibiae scattered, long, decumbent and of thorax short, legs with

except apices, dark brownish.

about elsewhere

to the superficial of certain mutillids

18

transverse the

rugae

proportions

resemblance build. slender

of

are

which and the

known

and

finer

sculpture

as

species

in of

KARL

and occiput the vertex arnoldi, more and malar finely punctate, scattered punctures. Dorsum tate,

of

the

thorax

and

coarsely

and

space

scutellum

except

scutellum

203

V. KROMBEIN

coarsely, longitudinally extreme base of propodeum

so;

transversely

closely punctate, head beneath with

the

temples more

small,

rugosopunc depressed

below the level of rest of disk, longitudinally costate, the disk in middle margin; confluent

a bisinuate scale narrow, small, barely perceptible having apical lateral surface of pronotum and mesopleural disk with coarse, a dozen fused metapleuron-propodeum with about punctures;

parallel Dorsum

longitudinal of first

with

a

which other

become less

by

extreme

aciculate; tered,

rugae, punctate only narrowly posteriorly. and second with tergum tergum, elongate are separated denser sides where toward they than the width of a puncture, the interspaces very

small

apex

round

of

and

second,

third

and

fourth

terga

punctures each from delicately scat with

punctures.

as in arnoldi. Legs Male.?Unknown. new

REIDIA*,

genus

(Figures 11, 15, 30) new

Reidia Genotype: turneri, present designation. Reidia and Obenbergerella

species.

and

Monotypic

by

are more related than is closely to Alieniscus. The noteworthy generic differences are as follows: frontal concavity with numerous arched carinae in Obenbergerella and with fewer, stronger trans verse rugae in Reidia; the antennal flagellum is dif apparently rather of Reidia short is whereas ferently shaped?that fusiform, is filiform; Bridwell the thoracic says that of Obenbergerella in Obenbergerella dorsum punctate ; and postscutellum compara either

of them them between

tively

shorter

in Reidia.

Female.?Proportions more much

scupture one-fourth

of

head

delicate

(fig.

except

as in Alieniscus, but malar space concavity; a median without concavity

11) much in frontal

as long as eye height; frontal inner eye margins ridge; converging longitudinal distance at lower the interocular ends of eyes at

distance

as pedicel and stouter ments

level and

of

than

subcircular

specialized

anterior

first

sensory

three

ocellus; flagellar

antennal

* For

J. A. Reid, to whom all hymenopterists of the of ful analysis the development apterous Hymenoptera. TRANS.

AMER.

ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

towards the

vertex, interocular

as long elongate, shorter flagellum the individual seg fusiform, to tenth fourth with flattened,

segments rather short

in Alieniscus, in cross the section, areas beneath; vertex

slightly 1.29 times scape

very

combined;

feebly are thorax

convex. indebted for his master in brachypterous and

204 Thorax and

to

and hind but long erect hairs absent, of abdomen. apex beyond as in Alieniscus, but with first tergum 30) shaped much a feeble, at top basal line across middle impressed half, a bit

extending Abdomen (fig.

sides

on

straight

a

and

declivity,

Male.?Externally the mandible

of Alieniscus,

those

femur

of

at

in middle

postscutellum similar Legs

rather

exactly and flattened

is stouter

1. turneri, new

species: Pondoland.

Reidia

new

St. John,

S ;Port

9

species;

in that

the genotype.

examined:

turneri*,

This

at base. groove longitudinal like the female, only differing toward apex.

elongate,

almost

Included Species

AMISEGINAE

the dorsum almost finely sculptured, entirely to combined length lengths pronotal subequal as as postscutellum; and about twice long a small, weak, bisinuate scale. apex with

15) delicately median lin?ate; and scutellum,

(fig.

closely scutum

of

OF

REVIEW

Figs.

species

15, 30.

11,

is the

series of undescribed from Pondoland specimens on footnote Reid p. 409). (1941, by South Africa ;December 9 ;Port St. John, Pondoland, Type. Museum 1923 (R. E. Turner) (Natural History)]. [British

mentioned

mm.

2.9

Female.?Length

pedicel dense,

with

legs with

very

short,

appressed

short, appressed scattered, and fourth terga. the proportions Head shining,

some

with

black

Head

thorax, legs and abdomen and first flagellar segment head hair; silvery appressed

reflections;

feeble

light reddish brown; testaceous. Temples and

elsewhere no

hair

but

setae

which

thorax

virtually

erect

setae; somewhat

long become

blue

dark

scape, mandible, with moderately bare; abdomen closer

on

third

as detailed in generic frontal description; area laterad of anterior rather rugose; transversely concavity irregularly, and contiguously ocellus top of head with moderately large, pitted; deeply in of a puncture less than the diameter shallow by separated punctures on vertex in a and more smaller the ocellar ; ocelli separated triangle, carina from occipital the posterior pair separated triangle, large equilateral distance. the times 1.5 postocellar by and

Proportions

pronotal

diagnosis; tures; tered

of

sculpture dorsum above

mesopleuron

thoracic

as

dorsum with

in addition

a

few,

rugulose,

longitudinally

smooth, propodeum than lineations tudinal Lateral short, * For

surface close Rowland

below

rugulose; metapleuron longitudinally more with surface the posterior small and with scattered dorsum

punctures;

of

of

indicated scattered

of

all

coxae

closely

lin?ate;

tarsi

Turner,

collector

of

the

type

generic

with

a

lateral

few

series.

punc scat

surface

separated,

punctures. wTith two beneath

spines. E.

in small

longi rows

KARL

205

KROMBEIN

V.

with of first arched lineations declivity tergum shining, close, and second to fourth of first tergum sparse punctures ; remainder terga are rather on first two terga, and closer which fine punctures with scattered on and half third of first and all of second with tergum fourth; apical Abdomen

and

here

vestiges of the

and

there

of

which

the

aciculations

data

as type,

characterize

rest

the

series.

type

$ ; same

Allotype.

but

January

29-February

5, 1924 [BM]. as in type except mandible and sculpture 3.3 mm. Color Male.?Length stouter and flattened and first and second toward rather apex, terga dull, half of first and all of second and aciculate. apical closely longitudinally

1 $ ; 1 9 ; same data as type but January 1924. Paratypes. are 3.3 and 2.8 mm. same data as type [USNM]. The paratypes of the long respectively. They agree with the above description as in the is but the abdominal sculpture allotype. type Strand

OBENBERGERELLA (Figures 12, 20) Alienus

1919.

Bridwell,

Proc.

Hawaii.

4:

Soc.

Ent.

117.

by

Preoccupied

1906.

Handlirsch,

Alienus aenigmaticus Genotype: and by present designation. Strand,

Obenbergerella

1929.

Acta

1919.

Bridwell,

20:

Latviensis

Univ.

Monotypic

25.

New

name.

in frontal delicate Female.?Head very except sculpture (fig. 12) with as long as eye height; frontal malar space one-fourth concavity concavity; a low median inner and arched with eye margins ridge; carinae, close, at lower ends the interocular towards distance vertex, strongly converging at level of anterior distance interocular the ocellus; to reaches states almost that but Bridwell scape missing, as pedicel and first three is as long anterior segments flagellar ocellus, a vertex is filiform; with and that the flagellum eyes bare; combined, in middle. shallow concavity

of

eyes antennae

1.53

times

now

Thorax

(fig. 20) delicately small scattered quite when lobe of scutum lateral

and

a bit length as 1.3 times marked with

by a pair

TRANS.

sculptured, punctures; thorax

combined than longer long as postscutellum; a weak at apex carina of very

AMER.

ENT.

weak,

decumbent

SOC, LXXXII.

the

dorsum

with

of

wings

vestiges is viewed lengths

of

from scutum

fine visible

shagreening beneath

side; median pronotal and and scutellum,

with its posterior margin postscutellum surface of thorax, the carina of dorsal in middle. teeth

206

REVIEW

now missing except Legs to those similar apparently and tibia. femora Abdomen verse

shaped

groove longitudinal Male.?Unknown.

are

as

much across

line

impressed

for

OF

AMISEGINAE

fore

of Reidia,

femur

in Alieniscus middle

and

i.e., without

at

top

tibia long

; first tergum of declivity,

on

one

scattered

with and

but side, on setae

a feeble with

trans a

short

at base.

or ambiguities in the misinterpretations or which correction clarification. original description require " The legs are stated to be not at all spinose." These are now as mean but I interpret this statement almost entirely missing, There

several

ing that a fore tarsal comb is absent, that the femora and tibiae lack the long, scattered setae found in Alieniscus, but that the rows of minute on are not beneath the tarsi spines necessarily are stated to be "two The hind trochanters lacking. jointed." I feel most certain that this is a misinterpretation, and that the short, slender basal portion of the hind femur was taken to be is borne the second segment of the trochanter?my explanation out by the appearance of this part of the leg in other genera. I believe that The tibial calcar?a are stated to be "feeble, 1,2,1." shorter spur on the hind tibia which there is probably a vestigial was

due to its minute overlooked size, and that the formula The con should be 1-2-2 as in all other Amiseginae. actually an or inner tooth, with dition of the tarsal claws, i.e., simple is not stated, but I would expect the claws to be simple as in the other African Amiseginae. 1. aenigmaticus Included species: ; 1919; 9 Mow (Bridwell), bray Golf Links, Cape Town, South Africa. Species

examined:

the genotype. Adelphinae

contains only two neotropical genera, Adelphe subfamily n. g. It has been placed systematically and Nesogyne, Mocs?ry it is obviously and Cleptinae, the Amiseginae between though and Ducke Both Mocs?ry much closer to the former subfamily. latter a author the but as discrete it treated only subfamily, This

of all three subfamilies. with representatives acquainted the on of the basis Ashmead alone, original descriptions (1902), and that should be placed in the Cleptinae, thought that Adelphe was

KARL

V.

207

KROMBEIN

now recognized as a synonym of Adelphe, Peseudepyris Ducke, be should in the Allocoeliinae. placed The Adelphinae characters with the preceding agree in most of the Amiseginae, but there are several diagnosis important differences which appear to be of subfamilial the lateral surface of pronotum in Adelphinae

value has

as follows: a marginal

is lacking in Amiseginae groove above, which ; the posterolateral lobes touch the tegulae in the former but are separated pronotal from the tegulae in the latter group ; the mid coxae are narrowly in Adelphinae, in Amiseginae; in the separated contiguous of Adelphinae the tarsal segments beneath have moder in the Amiseginae while suberect dense, bristles, ately they have in the males of Adelphe two rows of tiny spines; (those of a is mandible the unknown) Nesogyne relatively huge, flat one or two acute teeth structure small foliaceous with tened, at tip, while in the Amiseginae the mandible is much less de on one veloped though it is more robust, broader and flattened females

or two

sides

as contrasted

with

the

slender,

subulate

mandible

of females. The Adelphinae

are much more closely related to the American than to either of the other main groups Series of the Amiseginae derived of Amiseginae, and are probably a sidewise specialization in line not the main of descent and from the American stock,

and African Series of the Amiseginae. They the lower of the American Series in having carina well developed the occipital at least a armed with dorsum and the strong postero propodeal dorsally, lateral tooth, spur or angulation. of is known as to the host relationships nothing Unfortunately that eventually It seems rather probable the Adelphinae. they as are the Amiseginae, rather will be found to be egg parasites as are the Cleptinae. than larval parasites have been found only in the New Members of the Adelphinae World where they are known from eastern Peru, Brazil, Panama, of the Australasian differ from genera part of front flat,

Costa

Rica, Mexico,

TRANS.

AMER.

ENT.

Florida SOC, LXXXII.

and Hispaniola.

208

OF

AMISEGINAE

ADELPHE

Mocs?ry

REVIEW

(Figures 3, 25, 35) Adelphe

1890.

Mocs?ry,

Genotype: Adelphe nation of Ashmead,

of Bodenstein, 1906. Schulz,

designation Adelpha

Mocs?ry.

Adelphe

Kieffer, 1879.

Parachrysis Gribodo,

Spolia

Dipt.

Hym.

Hym.,

Ducke, p.

153.

by H?bner, Preoccupied France 1910. Ann. Soc. Ent. metallica

Parachrysis

Genotype: present

Ztschr. paradoxa 1939.

Pseudepyris

Genotype:

46.

1890.

Mocs?ry,

and

Monotypic

by

desig

1902. 1902.

Ducke,

Pseudepyris

mexicana

13:

Fuzetek

Termesz.

Kieffer,

2:

204.

1902.

1910.

287.

by

Preoccupied and

Monotypic

by for

unnecessarily

Proposed 1819. 78:

and

Monotypic

by

designation.

Ducke

as given above. In synonymy his he published the genotype of Adelphe, studying was a synonym. He that Pseudepyris recognized

is responsible

1911, after conclusions further at

for the

the genotype of that time that metallica Kieffer, a species which was identical with flavipes (Ducke), Parachrysis, he considered to be conspecific with paradoxa. from America The genus has not been recorded previously and it is of interest to note here that a specimen north of Mexico, collection was taken at in the U. S. National Museum of Adelphe as State known Collier-Seminole Palm Hammock (now Royal Florida. Collier County, though appar Unfortunately, it is in undescribable condition. species, ently an undescribed It is a teratological specimen, the left side of the head deformed, The speci from an injury during the pupal state. presumably of a toad, Bufo men was recovered from the stomach species, on a card point with and consists of various fragments mounted Park),

a It is unquestionably and wings lacking. legs, antennae of Adelphe. specimen from Nesogyne is distinguished by a number of char Adelphe of that genus. acters as listed in the discussion the

Female width

and subequal

male.?Head to pro thoracic times

well

0.4-0.5

and

moderately

developed, with dense, beneath cealed slender,

more

the to coarsely sculptured, (fig. 3) moderately malar the tegulae; width space just before as long as eye height; eyes bulging strongly long,

erect

margin apical clypeus, or less circular in cross

setae;

con

labrum

rounded; and section,

rudimentary, mandible of tapering

to

female an

acute

KARL

a

of male

tip, two

relatively teeth

acute

small

209

V. KR0MBE1N

huge,

foliaceous

flattened,

or

one

with

structure

at

narrow, tip; clypeus transverse, apical margin and rounded; thickened in female antennal short fusiform very flagellum the segments first broader than flat (fig. 3a), beyond long and strongly tened and as long as pedicel and first scape beneath, relatively elongate as first flagellar as long three half segments, pedicel segment; flagellar more in male the segments first from 1.5 to 2 flagellum beyond elongate, times

than

longer

to

moderately

from

hypostomal flat beneath

head

Thorax

(fig.

as

twice

long

(1.1-1.2)

1.0-1.5

present,

or

a bit

shallow

meeting

TRANS.

by behind

across

rather surface

groove;

it. narrow, more

laterally, slightly and parapsidal

about or

less

longer furrows

and

postscutellum combined; in Amisega; mesopleuron median of upper third; length to posterior to ridge) subequal and

lateral

posterior

surfaces

by

posterolateral ridges; a blunt angula te or with

but on

with

inner

rather

margin,

abundant, the carina

; hind one-segmented the shorter spur of 1-2-2, tarsi with rather dense comb;

; trochanters spurs

without

of

angles tooth.

of

tiny

spines

absent;

tarsal

claws

hind setae; long erect into a small expanded femur narrowed abruptly hind

tibia

suberect

with

an

small; quite setae beneath, erect inner tooth.

the venter above, in male; first and second of the entire about four-fifths very length; large, constituting a well sternum with distinct with ; first terga laterotergites on basal keel median rounded retracted apical segments half;

with

segments four first developed, in female

groove

occipital beneath

width;

separated a foveate

than

propodeum well tegulae and basal

tibial

rows

two

Abdomen

and

and

separated, interocular

obtusely as figured venation developed; (fig. 35), veins in female, the of forewing interstitial vein vein of basal in male; radial hind origin beyond clothed anal with moderately dense, lobe; wing membrane

at base

base; tarsus

convex,

broader

of

surface

as in Amisega, Legs coxa carinate above

the

scutellum

little

of

without wing setae. suberect

fore

than

longer a transverse,

Fully winged, transverse median

lamella

scutum

and anteriorly with notaulices

(measured propodeum than shorter scutellum; dorsal, from each other separated

propodeum of dorsal

near

furrow

times

surface

former

a

convex

front

as head

complete above anteriorly

concave carina, than finely sculptured front, the dorsal pronotum large,

25) more as broad;

postscutellum an oblique, with

as great

developed,

carina, margined in front of occipital

margined by than scutum;

quadrate,

dorsal

strongly

times

of

part

size, moderately inner eye margins;

from

separated 0.35-0.55

segment; flagellar or with some coarse

rugose

upper rows; in normal

as first

long

first

long

transversely

as

scape

beneath, as

as

third

; ocelli

groove

the posterior pair narrowly at anterior distance ocellus carina

flattened

transverse

in

arranged a median

not

a pedicel of front

segments, flagellar lower half or two-thirds

punctures without

and

broad

two

short, four

relatively broad, visible segments

extremely AMER. ENT.

elongate,

each

SOC, LXXXII.

moderately in female,

telescoped

flattened

five

within

the

preceding.

210

REVIEW

OF

AMISEGINAE

1. flavipes 1903 species: (Ducke), Belem and Itaituba S ; (Kieffer), 1910); Brazil. Teff? in Amazonas,

Included

{=metallica in Para, and

2. mexicana

1890; S ;Orizaba, Mocs?ry, Cruz, Mexico. 3. paradoxa 1902; 9 $ ;Ama (Ducke), Ocean to eastern Peru. zonia from the Atlantic

Vera

examined: Species undescribed) species and Florida.

four unidentified from Brazil,

Peru,

new

NESOGYNE,

(and apparently mostly Panama and Costa Rica,

genus

(Figure 33) and by Nesogyne taino, new species. Monotypic Genotype: present designation. from its only close relative, Adelphe is quite distinct Nesogyne as follows: a almost entirely number in of characters Mocs?ry, of head and thorax; very broad, low ocellar smooth integument disk carina present pronotal only dorsally; occipital triangle; a not postero furrow; brachypterous; margined by anteriorly into a slender digitate process ; lateral propodeal angle prolonged and third and fourth abdominal segments 0.8 times as long as The male

first and second. sumed

that superficially in having fully Adelphe with

Female.?Head

pro thoracic as in Adelphe

times

the

clypeus long as antennal as first

It is pre is unknown. of Nesogyne of it may be rather similar to males

developed

wings.

almost

smooth, entirely integument width mandible, just before tegulae; about malar space elongate, females;

1.1

the width

and

labrum

as

two-thirds

erect and with short setae; eyes protuberant strongly as long as three-fourths but in female pedicel Adelphe, flagellum ex a shallow median front with lower groove segment; flagellar front of to anterior a third of the distance upper part ocellus; eye

height;

tending and vertex

in a broad flat a veiy ocelli few minute with tiny, punctures; at that level, distance the interocular line 0.6 times the postocellar triangle, twice the inner eye margins from ocelli the posterior by about separated half ocellus at anterior the distance interocular of an ocellus; diameter head

width;

dorsally. Thorax very

few

occipital with minute

carina

integument punctures;

weak almost

as

entirely

pronotum

to Adelphe,

compared

smooth, the

large,

the dorsum

only

present dorsum more

with or

a less

KARL

anteriorly quadrate, the extreme margins the lateral surface; the lateral furrow,

median ridge) lateral

above

with

times

as

furrows

the

furrow as

long present

which

weaker

becomes latter

the

scutum; and 1.3

as

times

with as

long

as in Adelphe; combined; postscutellum postscutellum to posterior surface of dorsal of (measured propodeum length as in Adelphe; a bit than dorsal, mesopleuron longer scutellum; each other by from and posterior surfaces of propodeum separated the

separating

much surfaces posterior dorsal surface of propodeum

and

dorsal of

angle

posterolateral

as

narrow, wings forewing dorsal surface of propodeum, with of propodeal dorsum; forewing as

in Adelphe, but coxa not lamellate as

Abdomen as

as first

long vestiture

stronger a with

process.

digitate

slender,

Legs of hind

which gutter lower margin of an anterior without

continuous and

otherwise a

Brachypterous, a bit beyond end

the

notum

and

that ridges, than others; long,

part of the of pronotum

disk

surface

1.4 pronotum and parapsidal

anteriorly; notaulices scutellum

the

to

declivous

abruptly anterior

211

KROMBEIN

V.

in

Adelphe

and

second,

with

the

figured hind wing a few, only

erect

setae

extending to almost

33),

(fig.

extending scattered, and

sparser

erect

setae.

dorsal

carina

at base. but

third

latero

tergites

and

fourth on

present

0.8

segments first three

times and

terga

sparser.

Male.?Unknown.

Included

1.

species:

taino,

new

$ ; Dominican

species;

Republic. Species

new

taino*,

Nesogyne

the genotype.

examined:

Fig.

species

33.

Dominican S. E. Constanza, Valle Nuevo, Type. 1938 (P. J. Darlington) about 7000 ft. elev.; August of Comparative Zoology].

Republic; [Museum

0.9 mm. 3.1 mm., Shining, tegula forewing including Female.?Length and propodeum black almost of thorax brown ; pronotum ; head and middle two and first and abdomen scape, pedicel lighter; castaneous; legs much dark brown. rest of antenna Vestiture very testaceous, segments flagellar sparse, Head first

rather erect, as detailed

three

moderately Wings long, brown. ratio in the generic diagnosis; as 27:8:10:4:4; erect segments

flagellar as almost very sparse, as described Thorax on

those anterior side

head;

setae

scape, on

pedicel. long as antennal erect setae for genus; very sparse with in size; mesopleuron normal tegula a low median dorsum with propodeal

margin; is a narrowly of which

separated,

weaker

* An Indian tribe inhabiting Hispaniola TRANS.

infumated. of

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

ridge

in 1492.

on

and

pedicel of

top

as

a groove on ridge basal

half;

and head

long

as

along either ridge

212

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

surface dorsal and posterior at midline propodeal sharp, higher as long as first flagellar half process posterolateral digitate sides; surface with five weak of antenna; narrow, propodeal segment posterior one from abdominal the broad radiating upward insertion, along ridges an one which on each one and intermediate is closer to side, midline, between than

on

to median

than

lateral

and Legs Abdomen those setae, located more

and ridge, insertion.

abdominal

above

distance

arcuate

and

a

ridge

as described for genus. wings as in generic very sparse, terga with diagnosis; on third those of first and second terga scattered,

posterolaterally .?Unknown.

Male

a weak

also

short

erect long, and fourth

posteriorly.

References Ashmead,

1951.

with

and

T.

C.

A. Bull.

Insects. Cameron,

Alienidae

L. Melander, Mus. Comp.

and

1932. Zool.

des

oeufs

6 figs. pp. 173-175, Ein wenig 1902. A., Ztschr. Dipt. Hym. -,

1902.

-,

1903.

Neue

E.

O., R. M., from

Ghesqui?re,

bekanntes 2:

Proc.

Bridwell.

Ent.

Hawaii.

in Classification

of

501.

488,

Families

Hymenoptera,

chryside: Jubilaire

1:

Ins., Hym.

Centr.-Amer.,

Duckeia E.

genus

Chrysididen

of

Superfamily

on Hymenoptera

Notes

25, in

Livre

phasmide.

the

pro Alienidae

Species.

cyanea,

L.

Bouvier, Cam.

Amisega

141-144.

von Para. Goldwespen and Pseudepyrinae cit. 3: 129-133. Op.

cit. Op. in Neue

Amiseginae

Chrysididen. -, 1911. Amisega dello dei Crisididi 41:

de

or

Alienidae 73:

[1883-1900]. Amisega to Chrysididae. Biol. 457-458, pi. 20, figs. 2, 2 a. un nouveau 1936. Sur A. da, Lima,

Ducke,

Fouts,

novum

1888 P., Tenthredinidae

parasite

Essig,

Genera

of New

Descriptions 4: 117-119.

Soc.

nomen

87: 90-92. Belg. in Miscellaneous

Ent.

Soc.

1919.

J. C,

Bridwell,

Ent.

Alieniscidae

et Ann.

Bull,

Costa

Canad.

Vespoidea. P. L. G.,

in Classification

Chrysididae XXXI, and Parasitic Wasps, 34: 221-231.

Family Predaceous

H., the Fossorial,

Benoit,

Brues,

1902.

W.

2:

204-207.

s?damerikanische

and Adelphe in Terzo supplemento stato del Para. Bull. brasiliano

ail Soc.

revisione Ent.

Ital.

93-94. 1942. 1925. the

Alienidae Rohweria

in College p. 650. Entomology, in Descriptions of Three New Hymenoptera 2 figs. Islands. Phil. Jour. Sei. 26: 515-517,

Philippine 1951. Synonymies Bull. Ann. bergerellidae. J.,

nouvelles Soc.

Ent.

la

pour Belg.

87:

famille 238-241.

des

Oben

KARL

Grandi,

Morfologia XVIII.

specializzato. Cleptidi. K.,

G?nther,

213

ed etologia comp?rate La morfologia addominae R. Accad. Sei. Inst. Bologna Mem. die 1953. taxonomische ?ber Gliederung

1943.

G.,

KROMBEIN

V.

di

a

insetti

dei

Crisididi 10:

(9)

regime e dei

2 pis. 49-58, die geogra

und

der Phasmatodea. Beitr. der Insektenordnung Verbreitung 3: 541-563, 4 figs. in Description de nouveaux J. J., 1905. Promesitius proctotrypides 29: 123-124. Ann. Soc. Sei. Bruxelles exotiques.

phische z. Ent. Kieffer,

Ent.

Museum 51:

Ztschr.

de nouveau in Description microhym?nop France 78: 287-288. Ent.

1910.

-,

Parachrysis du Br?sil. Ann.

t?res -,

1914.

-f

1922.

Soc.

Das Tierreich, Bethylidae. in Philippine Cladobethylus Jour. Sei. 20: 67-71.

Phil. H.

Milliron,

neuer im Naturhistorischen in Beschreibung zu London Berlin. aufbewahrter Proctotrypiden. 290-292.

Promesitius

1907.

-,

British

1950.

E.,

The

Stick, Walking 52: 47. Soc. Wash.

Mocsary,

1889.

A., pp.

34-35.

-,

1890.

Adelphinae orbis

Chrysididarum 45-46. Reid, Riek,

Diapheromera

in Additamentum terrarum

universi.

205

pp.,

figs.

(Proctotrupidae). Parasite

Egg

jemorata

in Chrysididarum

Amiseginae

595

41,

Serphidae a Cleptid

of

Identity

Common

Lief.

terrarum

orbis

the

of

Proc.

Say.

Ent.

universi,

ad monographium primum Termesz. Fiizetek

and Short-winged J. A., 1941. The Thorax of the Wingless Hymenop tera. 91: 367-446, Ent. 81 figs. Trans. Soc. London Roy. E. 1955. Australian Parasites of Cresmododea. F., Egg Cleptid Austral. Jour. Zool. 3: 118-130, 7 figs. 1906.

Schulz,

W.

Strand,

1929. E., Nomenclatorial

Walker,

TRANS.

A.,

Adelpha

in Spolia in

Obenbergerella Notes. Acta

Characters of F., 1866. Trans. Ent. Soc. London

AMER. ENT.

SOC, LXXXII.

Univ.

a New (3)

Hymenopterologica, and Zoological Latviensis

Genus 2:

441.

and

p.

153.

Palaeontological 20: 25.

Species

of Chalcidites.

13:

214

OF

REVIEW

AMISEGINAE

of Figures

Explanation illustrations

(All

Arthur

by Plate

Fig.

Fig.

2.?Duckeia

3.?Adelphe 3

Fig.

Fig.

6.?Exopapua Frontal

view

11.?Reidia

cooperi, view of of

14.?Duckeia

Fig.

thorax, cyanea

of

15.?Reidia

thorax, turneri, Dorsal

Africa). Fig.

16.?Myrmecomimesis view of thorax. 17.?Exova view

X

41.)

Frontal

(Australia).

Guinea).

(New

paratype

Male

Kieffer.

new

Male

species. new

Frontal

(Mindanao).

Frontal

(Mindanao).

paratype Male

species.

(X

(South

type

India).

19.)

Benoit.

of head.

turneri, Frontal

13.?Amisega Lateral

view Fig.

Female

(Both

(X 12.)

12.?Obenbergerella South Africa).

view Fig.

Mandible.

(Minnesota). Mandible.

18.)

Female

(Southern

type

10 a.?Idem.

Fig.

new

Head

Female species. of head. (X

view

Rhodesia).

in profile.

(Both

of

tetraspina thorax.

type

new

wings Costa

Female

omitted.

Lima.

Female

nigricans (X

type

(Capetown^

26.)

(X

(Walker).

(Costa allotype 13 a.?Idem.

Fig. X

Rica). Dorsal

12.)

paratype

(Brazil).

Dorsal

16.) type

(Pondoland,

South

23.) Female

(Australia).

Dorsal

15.)

Riek. (X

(Both

Female species. of thorax. (X

view

(X

Female

wings omitted. omitted.

wings new

South

XX

species.

thorax,

(Pondoland,

23.)

(Bridwell). aenigmatica Frontal view of head. Plate

Fig.

head.

15.)

Africa). Fig.

of

flagellum.

(X 20.)

arnoldi

Frontal

X

(X

longicornis, view of head.

10.?Alieniscus

view

Antennal

Rica).

Female

species.

cruciger azurea,

Frontal

Fig.

Frontal

Rica).

(Costa

(X 15.)

7.?Cladobethylus

9.?Indothrix

Frontal

(Brazil).

paratype

(Walker).

new nupela, view of head.

view of head.

Fig.

Female

(Costa

nigricans

view of head.

Fig.

Lima.

16.) Female

view of head.

8.?Rohweria

Rica).

15.)

5.?Myrmecomimesis

Fig.

(Costa

allotype

12.)

kahlii Ashmead. Female 4.?Mesitiopterus 4 a.?Idem. Male (Minnesota). Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

(X

Male

species. a.?Idem.

(Both X Fig.

(X

Cushman)

Female

species.

Costa

cyanea of head.

view Fig.

new cooperi, view of head.

1.?Amisega Frontal

D.

XIX

20.)

Female

paratype

(Australia).

Dorsal

KARL

new nupela, of thorax, view

18.?Exopapua Lateral

Fig.

(Both X

of

(Both X

of

Female

thorax.

thorax.

X

(Both

of

of

new

longicornis, of thorax, view

species.

27.?Alieniscus

new

Africa).

Tarsal

claws

of

hind

abdomen.

cooperi, Fig.

Forewing.

taino,

Fig.35.?Adelphe

TRANS.

Tarsal

claws

new

40.) Female

type

18.)

(X

Fig.

(Zululand, 27 a.?Idem.

Guinea).

(New

paratype

Female

species. (X

Rhodesia).

(Southern

type

15.)

species. abdomen.

of

Female

(X

South

(Pondoland,

type 23.)

Female

allotype

(Costa

Rica).

12.) XXII

new

Female Rica). (Costa allotype species. Hind 22.) 32 a.?Idem. (Both X wing. new species. Female (Dominican Republic). type

(X 78.)

Forewing.

lineata,

Fig.34.?Atopogyne

wing.

Guinea).

(New

paratype 26 a.?Idem.

Fig.

Female (X

new cooperi, of abdomen.

33.?Nesogyne

thorax,

18.)

(X

Benoit.

arnoldi

turneri, Dorsum

(X

species.

Plate

Fig.

Female

species. view. lateral

leg.

of

Fig.32.?Amisega

of

view

Dorsal

new

Fig.29.?Alieniscus Dorsum

Fig.31.?Amisega Dorsum

Dorsal

(Borneo).

type

11.)

Rica).

21.)

(X

leg,

new nupela, of abdomen.

Africa).

India).

(South

type 19.)

(X

(X 47.)

Fig.28.?Exopapua Dorsum

30.?Reidia

(X

species.

view.

mutilloides, Hind

South

Dorsal

(X 15.)

nupela, lateral

of hind leg.

15.)

(X

(Mindanao).

Male

Female

(Costa

(Australia).

paratype omitted.

30).

(X species. omitted.

species. omitted.

wings Male

thorax,

leg,

wings

new

lineata, of

wings omitted. Fig.26.?Exopapua Hind

omitted.

wings

thorax,

Fig.25.?Adelphe

Fig.

Male (Riek). and wings Male (Kieffer).

myrmecophilus

Fig.24.?Atopogyne view

Fig.

XXI

pronotum

thorax,

type (Capetown, Dorsal a.?Idem.

20

Fig.

26.)

rubrijemur

Fig.21.?Myrmecomimesis Dorsal view

Fig.23.?Indothrix Dorsal

Dorsal

Female

(Bridwell). aenigmatica view of thorax. Lateral

Plate

Fig.22.?Colocar view

(Southern Rhodesia). view of thorax.

type 19 a.?Idem.

Fig.

15.)

Fig.20.?Obenbergerella South Africa). view

(New Guinea). view of thorax.

paratype Dorsal

18 a.?Idem.

Fig.

Benoit.

arnoldi view

Lateral

Female

species.

18.)

19.?Alieniscus

Fig.

215

KROMBEIN

V.

new

species.

Female

type

Fore

(Borneo).

(X 16.) species.

AMER. ENT.

Male

SOC, LXXXH.

(Costa

Rica).

Forewing.

(X

23.)

Trans.

Amer.

Ent.

Soc,

Vol.

Plate XIX.

LXXXII.

KROMBEIN:

REVIEW

OF AMISEGINAE

Trans.

Amer.

Ent.

Soc,

Vol.

LXXXII.

Plate

All 14

15

16 16a

20a

KROMBEIN:

REVIEW

OF AMISEGINAE

XX.

Trans.

Amer.

Ent.

Soc,

Vol.

Plate XXI.

LXXXII.

KROMBEIN:

REVIEW

OF AMISEGINAE

Trans.

Amer.

Ent.

Soc,

Vol.

LXXXII.

Plate

32

35

^b??.-?-.?..

KROMBEIN:

REVIEW

OF AMISEGINAE

XXII.