Warfare in Europe 1792-1815 [1 ed.] 0815398913, 9780815398912

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Warfare in Europe 1792-1815

The International Library of Essays on Military History Series Editor: Jeremy Black Titles in the Series: Modern Counter-Insurgency Jan Beckett

African Military History John Lamphear

Macedon ian Warfare Richard Billows

Warfare in China to 1600 Peter Lorge

Warfare in Europe 1650-1792 Jeremy Black

World War I Michael Neiberg

Warfare in the Middle East since 1945 Ahron Bregman

The Army of Imperial Rome Michael F Pavkovic

The English Civil War Stanley Carpenter

The Army of the Roman Republic Michael F. Pavkovic

Warfare in Latin America, Volumes I and II Miguel A. Centeno

Warfare in South Asia from 1500 Douglas Peers

United States Military History 1865 to the Present Day Jeffery Charlston

The American Civil War Ethan S. Rafuse

Medieval Warfare 1300--1450 Kelly De Vries Medieval Warfare 1000--1300 John France Warfare in the Dark Ages John F ranee and Ke fly De Vries Naval History 1500-1680 Jan Glete Byzantine Warfare John Haldan Warfare in Early Modern Europe 1450--1660 Paul E.J. Hammer Naval History 1680-1850 Richard Harding Warfare in Europe 1919-1938 Geoffrey Jensen Warfare in Japan Harald Kleinschmidt Naval History 1850-Present, Volumes I and II Andrew Lambert

The British Army 1815-1914 Harold E. Raugh, Jr The Russian Imperial Army 1796-1917 Roger Reese Medieval Ships and Warfare Susan Rose Warfare in Europe 1792-1815 Frederick C. Schneid The Second World War Nick Smart Warfare in China Since 1600 Kenneth Swope Warfare in the USA 1784-1861 Samuel Watson The Armies of Classical Greece Everett Wheeler The Vietnam War James H. Willbanks Warfare in Europe 1815-1914 Peter H. Wilson

Warfare in Europe 1792-1815

Edited by

Fredericl< C. Schneid High Point University, USA

~~ ~~o~;~~n~~;up LONDON AND NEW YORK

First published 2007 by Ashgate Publishing Reissued 2018 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © Frederick C. Schneid 2007. For copyright of individual articles please refer to the Acknowledgements. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 2007929445 Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Publisher’s Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. Disclaimer The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact. ISBN 13: 978-0-815-39891-2 (hbk) ISBN 13: 978-1-351-12672-4 (ebk)

Contents Acknowledgements Series Preface Introduction

vii ix xi

PART I THE REVOLUTIONARY AND NAPOLEONIC WARS IN CONTEXT

Jacques A. Barbier (1984), 'Indies Revenues and Naval Spending: The Cost of Colonialism for the Spanish Bourbons, 1763-1805', Jahrbuch fiir Geschichte von Staat, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Lateinamerikas, 21, pp. 171-88. 2 Michael Hochedlinger (2003), 'Who's Afraid of the French Revolution? Austrian Foreign Policy and European Crisis 1787-1797', German History, 21, pp. 293-318. 3 Gunther E. Rothenberg (1988), 'The Origins, Causes and Extensions of the Wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon', Journal ofInterdisciplinary History, 18, pp. 771-93. 4 Paul W. Schroeder (1987), 'The Collapse of the Second Coalition', Journal of Modern History, 59, pp. 244-90.

3 21 47 71

PART II FRENCH ARMIES 1789-1815

5 Jean-Paul Bertaud (1986), 'Napoleon's Officers', Past and Present, 112, pp.91-111. 6 David D. Bien (1979), 'The Army in the French Enlightenment: Reform, Reaction and Revolution', Past and Present, 85, pp. 68-98. 7 Howard G. Brown (1995), 'Politics, Professionalism, and the Fate of Army Generals after Thermidor', French Historical Studies, 19, pp. 132-52. 8 John A. Lynn (1989), 'Toward an Army of Honor: The Moral Evolution of the French Army, 1789-1815', French Historical Studies, 16, pp. 152-73. 9 Harold T. Parker (1991), 'Napoleon and the Values of the French Army: The Early Phases', Proceedings ofthe Annual Meeting ofthe Western Society for French History, 18, pp. 233-42. 10 Samuel F. Scott (1970), 'The Regeneration of the Line Army during the French Revolution', Journal ofModern History, 42, pp. 307-30. 11 Isser Woloch (1986), 'Napoleonic Conscription: State Power and Civil Society', Past and Present, 111, pp. 101-29.

121 143 175 195 217 227 251

vi

Warfare in Europe 1792-1815

PART III EUROPEAN ARMIES 1789-1815 12 Alexander Grab (1995), 'Army, State and Society: Conscription and Desertion in Napoleonic Italy (1802-1814)', Journal ofModern History, 67, pp. 25-54. 13 John L.H. Keep (1980), 'The Russian Army's Response to the French Revolution', Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, pp. 231-36. 14 Michael V. Leggiere (2003), 'From Berlin to Leipzig: Napoleon's Gamble in North Germany, 1813', Journal of Military History, 67, pp. 39-84. 15 Alexander Mikaberidze (2002), 'The Conflict of Command in the Russian Army in 1812: Peter Bagration and Barclay de Tolly in the "Mutiny of Generals'", Selected Papers of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, pp. 314-25. 16 Gunther E. Rothenberg (1982), 'The Archduke Charles and the Question of Popular Participation in War', Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe,pp.214-24. 17 Dennis E. Showalter (1994), 'Hubertusberg to Auerstadt: The Prussian Army in Decline?' German History, 12, pp. 308-33. 18 Peter H. Wilson (2004), 'German Military Preparedness at the Eve of the Revolutionary Wars', Selected Papers of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, pp. 1-16.

283 313 319 365 377 389 415

PART IV BRITAIN'S WAR WITH FRANCE 19 Fran