Ultrasound Energy and Data Transfer for Medical Implants 9783030490034, 9783030490041
This book presents new systems and circuits for implantable biomedical applications, using a non-conventional way to tra
272 45 11MB
English Pages 155 [172] Year 2020
Table of contents :
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Authors
List of Acronyms
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
1.1 Book Outline
References
2 Ultrasound in Medicine
2.1 Ultrasonic Techniques
2.1.1 Pulse-Echo Ultrasound
2.1.2 Emerging Applications
2.2 In-Vitro Platform to Study Ultrasound
2.2.1 System Description
2.2.2 Construction of the Platform
2.2.3 Wireless Energy Transfer
2.2.4 Wireless Communication
2.3 Summary
References
3 Regulations and System Specifications
3.1 Safety Limits
3.2 System Specifications
3.2.1 Frequency Selection
3.2.2 Rechargeable Battery
3.2.3 Electroacoustic Transducers
3.2.4 Choice of the CMOS Technology
3.3 Summary
References
4 System Architecture: Control Unit
4.1 Front-End Architecture
4.1.1 Master and Slave Architecture
4.2 Class-E Power Amplifier
4.2.1 Tuning Methodology
4.2.2 Measurements
4.3 Beamforming and Beam Steering Techniques
4.4 Receiver
4.5 Summary
References
5 System Architecture: Transponder
5.1 Equivalent Circuit of a Piezoelectric Transducer
5.1.1 Three-Port Network Model
5.1.2 Electrical Model
5.1.3 Measurement and Simulation Results
5.2 Energy Harvesting Circuit
5.3 Design Methodology and Comparison of Rectifiers
5.3.1 Design Methodology for Passive Rectifier
5.3.2 Comparison of Rectifiers
5.3.3 Summary
5.4 Design of an Active Rectifier
5.4.1 A Novel Synchronous Rectifier
5.4.2 Simulation Results
5.4.3 Experimental Results
5.4.4 Summary
5.5 Voltage Regulator
5.5.1 Design of a Two-Stage Low-Drop-Out Regulator
5.5.2 PSRR Analysis
5.5.3 Experimental Results
5.6 OOK/ASK Demodulator
5.6.1 Quasi-Identical Cascaded Gain Stages
5.6.2 DC-Offset Cancelation Technique
5.6.3 Variable Gain Amplifier Structure
5.6.4 Output Buffer
5.6.5 Measurement Results
5.6.6 Summary
5.7 Load Shift Keying
5.7.1 Impedance Modulation
5.7.2 Modulator Architecture
5.8 Summary
References
6 Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and Communication
6.1 Sensor Node I
6.2 Sensor Node II
6.2.1 IC2
6.3 Ultrasound Power Transfer
6.3.1 Link Efficiency
6.4 Ultrasound Communication
6.4.1 Uplink
6.4.2 Downlink
6.5 Summary
References
7 Conclusion
7.1 Outlook
Appendix
Appendix
Index
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Authors
List of Acronyms
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
1.1 Book Outline
References
2 Ultrasound in Medicine
2.1 Ultrasonic Techniques
2.1.1 Pulse-Echo Ultrasound
2.1.2 Emerging Applications
2.2 In-Vitro Platform to Study Ultrasound
2.2.1 System Description
2.2.2 Construction of the Platform
2.2.3 Wireless Energy Transfer
2.2.4 Wireless Communication
2.3 Summary
References
3 Regulations and System Specifications
3.1 Safety Limits
3.2 System Specifications
3.2.1 Frequency Selection
3.2.2 Rechargeable Battery
3.2.3 Electroacoustic Transducers
3.2.4 Choice of the CMOS Technology
3.3 Summary
References
4 System Architecture: Control Unit
4.1 Front-End Architecture
4.1.1 Master and Slave Architecture
4.2 Class-E Power Amplifier
4.2.1 Tuning Methodology
4.2.2 Measurements
4.3 Beamforming and Beam Steering Techniques
4.4 Receiver
4.5 Summary
References
5 System Architecture: Transponder
5.1 Equivalent Circuit of a Piezoelectric Transducer
5.1.1 Three-Port Network Model
5.1.2 Electrical Model
5.1.3 Measurement and Simulation Results
5.2 Energy Harvesting Circuit
5.3 Design Methodology and Comparison of Rectifiers
5.3.1 Design Methodology for Passive Rectifier
5.3.2 Comparison of Rectifiers
5.3.3 Summary
5.4 Design of an Active Rectifier
5.4.1 A Novel Synchronous Rectifier
5.4.2 Simulation Results
5.4.3 Experimental Results
5.4.4 Summary
5.5 Voltage Regulator
5.5.1 Design of a Two-Stage Low-Drop-Out Regulator
5.5.2 PSRR Analysis
5.5.3 Experimental Results
5.6 OOK/ASK Demodulator
5.6.1 Quasi-Identical Cascaded Gain Stages
5.6.2 DC-Offset Cancelation Technique
5.6.3 Variable Gain Amplifier Structure
5.6.4 Output Buffer
5.6.5 Measurement Results
5.6.6 Summary
5.7 Load Shift Keying
5.7.1 Impedance Modulation
5.7.2 Modulator Architecture
5.8 Summary
References
6 Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and Communication
6.1 Sensor Node I
6.2 Sensor Node II
6.2.1 IC2
6.3 Ultrasound Power Transfer
6.3.1 Link Efficiency
6.4 Ultrasound Communication
6.4.1 Uplink
6.4.2 Downlink
6.5 Summary
References
7 Conclusion
7.1 Outlook
Appendix
Appendix
Index
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