The Manga Guide to Cryptography 1593277423, 9781593277420

Table of contents :
Contents
Preface
Prologue
Chapter 1: The Foundations of Encryption
What Is a Cipher?
Shannon’s Encryption Model
The Relationship Between the Encryption Key and the Decryption Key
Classic Encryption Methods
Caesar Cipher
Substitution Cipher
Polyalphabetic Cipher
Transposition Cipher
Cipher Security
The Substitution Cipher’s Key Space
Permutation, Combination, and Frequency Analysis
The Polyalphabetic Cipher’s Key Space
The Transposition Cipher’s Key Space
When Breaking Classical Encryption is Possible
Perfectly Secure Encryption
Chapter 2:
Symmetric-Key Algorithms
Binary Digits and Logical Operators
Symmetric-Key Algorithms
Stream Ciphers
Block Ciphers
CBC Mode
DES Ciphers
The Basic Configuration of a Feistel Cipher
Involution
Generating DES Encryption Subkeys
The DES Round Function f
The Full Structure of DES Encryption and Decryption
3-DES Encryption and AES Encryption
An Outline of AES
Simplified DES Encryption and Decryption
Converting Data into Binary
Generating a DES Ciphertext
Perform the Initial Permutation
Separate Data into Higher- and Lower-Order Bits
Feistel Rounds Variant
Swap the Higher- and Lower-Order Bits
Perform the Final Permutation
Decrypting a DES Ciphertext
Perform the Initial Permutation
Separate Data into Higher- and Lower-Order Bits
Round 1
Round 2
Generating DES Keys
Perform Permuted Choice PC–1
Rotate the Bits
Perform Permuted Choice PC–2
Rotate the Bits Again
Compress the Bits
How Reduced DES Differs from Real DES
Chapter 3: Public-Key Encryption
The Basics of Public-Key Encryption
Mathematical Dependencies of Public-Key Encryption
One-Way Functions
The Birth of RSA Encryption
Prime Numbers and Integer Factorization
Types of Primality Tests
Modulo Operations
Addition and Subtraction in Modulo Operations
Multiplication and Division of Modulo Operations
Fermat’s Little Theorem and Euler’s Theorem
Fermat: the Father of Number Theory
Fermat’s Method and Pseudoprime Numbers
Euler’s Theorem
The Mathematician Euler
Euler Function on the Product of Two Prime Numbers
The Structure of RSA Encryption
RSA Encryption: Encryption and Decryption
Generating an RSA Encryption Key
Verifying That the Public Key e and Private Key d Work in RSA Encryption
How to Make Public Keys and Private Keys
Generating a Ciphertext Using RSA
Decrypting a Ciphertext Using RSA
Public-Key Encryption and Discrete Logarithm Problems
Discrete Logarithm Problems
Encryption and Decryption in ElGamal Encryption
The Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Calculating the Private Key in RSA Key Generation
Chapter 4: Practical Applications of Encryption
Hybrid Encryption
Hash Functions and Message Authentication Codes
Falsification
Tampering Countermeasures
Hash Functions
Identity Fraud
Identity Fraud Countermeasures
Structure of Message Authentication Codes
Repudiation
Drawbacks of Message Authentication Codes
Digital Signatures
Repudiation Measures
The Workings of a Digital Signature
Man-in-the-Middle Attack
Using Certificates to Protect Against Man-in-the-middle Attacks
Public-Key Infrastructure
Zero-Knowledge Interactive Proof
Preparatory Stage
Implementation stage (Verification Process)
Methods of Identity Fraud
Anti-Identity Fraud in a Zero-Knowledge Interactive Proof
What Next?
Pseudorandom Numbers and Encryption Security
PGP
SSL/TLS
Quantum Cryptography
Biometrics
Index