The Huntington California Expedition. Anthropometry of Central California

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The Huntington California Expedition.

Anthropometry of GCenral CalJiornia. By FRANZ BOAS.

BULLETIN, OF THE

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VOL. XVII, PART IV, PP. 347-380.

New York, November t, 1905.

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IV.- ANTHROPOMETRY OF CENTRAL CALIFORNIA.

By FRANZ BOAS. PLATES L.-LVIII.

THE material for the following study was collected by Dr. Roland B. Dixon in I899 and I900 in connection with the work of the Huntington California Expedition, and by Mr. V. K. Chesnut in I892 and I893 in connection with the extended anthropometrical investigation carried on under the direction of the writer for the Anthropological Department of the World's Columbian Exposition, under authority of Prof. F. W. Putnam, Chief of the Department. Mr. Chesnut's first measurements were taken in August, I892, in the Round Valley Reservation. The results seemed so peculiar that I feared some error of method might have vitiated them. For this reason I asked Mr. Chesnut to revisit the reservation" repeat the measurements, and obtain an additional series. This second series of observations were taken in Januarv, I893. The following table shows the results of Mr. Chesnut's measurements on the same individuals. The first figure in each column represents the first measurement; the second figure, the amount to be added to the first measurement to obtain the second. 347

348 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XVII, ofLength Head.

No.N.

Breadth of Head.

Width of Face.

Height of Face.

Height of Nose.

Width of Nose.

53 -5 50- 2

44+0

Males. 5

I82 + 2

150-2

I46 +3

30

193 + 2

I50-3

34 78

209- 9 187- I + 3 I88- I

I52-2 I55 +2

98 I04

I55 I90 20I 202 2I4

I43 +I I4I +I

II7 +3

I22 -4 II8+0 I23 -2 I23-4 III + I II0+0 I23 +2 II2 +3 86+2

I22 +4

93+2

I57 +3

I50+2

II2 +6

49 -4 35- I 40-4 46-o

IO9 +0

43 +I

I63 +2

I8I

I52 -2 I57 +0

I95 + 2 I92 + 2 174 + 2 I79-I3 205 + 2

i6o -I I55-3

I44 +3 I5I +2 I38 +3 I46-7 I47 +5 I42 +0

55-I

55

-2

52 -5

47 +I

40+0 43 +I 42 +I 41 +I 42+2 42-2

39+0

35+2 38 -3 32 +3

32 +0

33+0 39+2

Females. 45

I77-

2

I42 -I

I3I - I

48

I92

+ I I7I + 4

I52 -2 139 + 2

I35 +0

I26 +3

I69 + 7

I44 +0

I40 +2

I34+2 I37 +3 I40-5 II2 +3 I37 +3 I30+7 130+2

85 99 I36

-6

O

I45

137

i8i + i8o +

4

I51

I89-

7

I40-I I49 -I

I74

'74- 5

I79

I90- I

i8o I87 I95

I89 + 2 I83- I I89 + 5

I96

I76+

I98

I94 + 0

207

I37 +I I52 + I I44-2

I46+4 I52 + I I40+4

I37 -4

I36+5

I78+ 0

I5I-I I53 +2

208

I87 +

2II

i68- 2

I43 +3

3

3

I34+0

+ o. I

Aver. Diff.

+O.I

I35 +2 I33 +3

I36+I II 8-8

I08

+

I

42

+3

94+5

44 -4

I02 +6 I05- I I05 +2 IOI + I

40+3

85+I

3742 +0 43-I

30+I

36+I 45 -5 47 -3 44 - 2

34+I

46-4

37 -5

I05

+6 I06-5

9I +7 I03 +0 I00+0 104 +0 I04-I I07 +2 79+3

+ I.2

+ I.2

44+I 46 -7 42-I I

38+2 40+0

36+0 38+0 37 +0 34-I 34 I

33 +I 34+I

44-3

49+I

4I+I

3I +0

30+I

-

+0.2

I.6

The square variability of these differences is equal to twice the square of the error of measurement E2. Thus we find for e2

Measurement. Length

of Head ............

2 9

Breadth of Head ............

2.8

Width of Face ............

6.4

Height of Height of

Face ............

4.6

Nose ............

3.2

Width of Nose ............ I 5

It would

seem

that in the measurement of length of head

I905.]

Boas, Arnthropometry of Central California.

349

for Nos. 34 and 202 the centimetres were misread, which would account for the high error. For a comparison of Dr. Dixon's and Mr. Chesnut's measurements only six individuals are available. In the following table Dr. Dixon's measurements are given, and the amount to be added to obtain Mr. Chesnut's measurements. There seems to be a constant difference between the two measurements of length of face; otherwise the differences are so small that they may be neglected. Length of Head.

Breadth of Head.

Width

of Face.

I96-I

I54-0

52-5

202-4 I92 +0

I63-2

I50+0

I.52-2

I49-4

I99-2

I54-2

I55

I99-4

I62-2

i6i

200+7

I57-4

I46 -3 I50-3 I36+I

9 20

21 I00

Average Diff.

-0.7

-2.0

-2.3

Height of Face. II9-3 I I9-9 ii6-i I22-6 I28-5 ii8-i -4.2

Height of Nose.

Width of Nose.

46 + 2 49-I 49 + I

39-I 47-2

5I +0 60-2 53-2

46-2 40+0 40-2

38+I

-0-3

-I.0

The tabulation of Mr. Chesnut's measurements gives very variable results, which differ fundamentally from all the results obtained among the neighboring tribes. I have called attention to this phenomenon before., With the assistance of Dr. Dixon and Dr. A. L. Kroeber, I have been able to subdivide the material according to tribes. In this manner it has been possible to determine the geographical position of the disturbing element more accurately. I have divided the material into the following groups: Maidu of the Sacramento Valley, Maidu of the Foot-Hills, Maidu of the Mountains, Pit River Indians, Pomo, Yuki, Wintun. Besides these, there are a few isolated measurements. Following is a tabular statement of the measurements of the more important groups. 1 Verhandlungen der Berliner anthropologischen Gesellschaft, I 895,

pp. 401,

402.

350 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XV II, I47 Iff

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