The Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America to the Year 1800: Volume 2 [Reprint 2020 ed.] 9780520345270

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T H E CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA T o THE YEAR 1800

The Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America To the Year 1800

HENRY R. WAGNER

IN T W O

VOLUMES

Volume II

UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA

1937

PRESS

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY,

CALIFORNIA

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON, ENGLAND

Copyright, Regents

1937, by

of The University

of

the California

P R I N T E D IN T H E UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

CONTENTS VOLUME

II PAGE

Introduction

271

Abbreviations

272

List of Maps

273

Index to List of Maps

365

Place Names Still in Use (List No. 1)

371

Obsolete Place Names (List No. 2 )

423

Bibliography

527

I v1

Introduction A N O T E ON T H E L I S T S O F M A P S AND P L A C E N A M E S

F

OR CONVENIENCE IN HANDLING, it has been deemed advisable to divide this work into two parts,

and these are numbered Volumes I and II although it will be seen that the pagination is continuous. The division is a natural one inasmuch as this volume contains only the abbreviations, the list o f maps together with an index to them, the lists of modern and obsolete place names, and the bibliography. The lists explain themselves, but a word may be necessary to explain the scope of that of " P l a c e Names Still in U s e . " Between the period of active exploration, which, except for the activities of the Russians, practically ended about the year 1 8 0 0 , and the resumption of explorations after the occupation of California by the Americans, almost nothing was added to the nomenclature of the northwest coast. My list, therefore, originally was only brought down to about the year 1 8 0 0 , but as many of the names which were given by the Spanish explorers are no longer in use I thought it advisable, so f a r as possible, to include in the list the modern names by which such places have become known. Where the origin of the name is not given it is unknown to me, and this may also be said of List' No. 2 , "Obsolete Place Names." Cautions in Using the List of Maps (1) The measurements are in centimeters, length by height, and are only approximate, representing the size inside the plate marks, and do not include the printed title at the top nor printed observations at the bottom or sides, when these are outside the plate marks. (2) has seen.

The reproductions cited are not all that may have been made, but only such as the writer

(3) The "copies located" does not pretend to be a comprehensive list. The aim has been to locate if possible one copy in some library on the eastern coast of America and one on the western coast, and one in a representative European library. (4) The list itself is by no means a complete list of maps showing the northwest coast of America. Apart from the manuscript maps, all of which have been included that can be found, there are numberless printed ones not mentioned, principally because they are nothing but copies of some map already listed. (5) The expressions "the same" or "similar t o " relate entirely to the northwest coast. Many maps which have here the same configuration and nomenclature as others, printed earlier or at the same time, differ widely in other portions. Discoveries noted on other parts of the maps have sometimes been used for dating purposes, but, generally speaking, no attention has been paid to them. (6) The numbers of the maps, which are arranged in chronological order so f a r as possible, are those found in the lists of place names, and an asterisk at the end indicates that the names on that map have been entered in the lists of place names. (7) The abbreviations in the titles of Spanish maps, usually placed above the line, have been written out. [271]

ABBREVIATIONS A AAS AGI AGM AHN An B Bag Be BM BN BN, Mad. BN, Méx. BNC BSG C CHS Cort CR D Dah DH DM F de B

Ayer Collection, Newberry Library, Chicago American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass. Archivo General, Seville Archivo General, ^Mexico Archivo Histórico Nacional, Madrid Anthiaume, Cartes Marines

MG MN Mii N FA N Per NYHS NYPL

Bancroft Library, University of California Bagrow, Leo, A Ortelii Catalogus Bancroft, Hubert Howe British Museum, London Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid Biblioteca Nacional, Mexico Bodel Nyenhuis Collection, Leyden Boletín Sociedad Geográfica, Madrid

FF FZE GHB

George H. Beans Library, Jenkintown, Penn.

K Kr Kunst

T UnY V

Karpinski, Historical Atlas of Michigan Kretschmer, Atlas zu die Entdeckung Amerika's Kunstmann, Atlas zu die Entdeckung Amerikas Lange, Otto, Catalogues Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Lowery, A Descriptive List . . .

M MAE MB

Mullet, Remarkable Maps . . . Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Paris Maggs Bros., London

Quaritch, Ltd., London Ruge, W., Aelteres kartographisches Matei Richman, California under Spain and Mex Rivista Geographica Italiana Royal Geographical Society, London

Sutro Collection, San Francisco Scholefield, British Columbia Collection of Glenn A. Schaefer, Pasadena California SGL Sociedad de Geografía, Lisbon SGM Sociedad Geográfica y Estadística, Mexico Ss N Stevens, Henry, Notes Ss JS Stevens, Henry, Johann Schöner Stv G Stevenson, Dr. E. L., Terrestrial and Celes Globes

John Carter Brown Library, Providence

L LC Low

Pomona College, Claremont, Cai. Provincial Archives and Library, Victoria, B. C. Propaganda Fide, Rome photograph or photostat J. Pierpont Morgan Library, New York Preussische Staats-Bibliothek, Berlin Paullin & Wright, Atlas

S Se Schaefer

H C Harrisse, Henry, jean et Sebastien Cabot H Disc Harrisse, Henry, The Discovery of North America H Ev Harrisse, Henry, Découverte et évolution cartographique Hk Hakluyt's Principall Navigations, Glasgow ed. HS Hispanic Society, New York Hunt Huntington Library, San Marino JCBL

P PA

R Ri RGI RGSL

Dahlgren, Were the Hawaiian Islands . . . Depósito Hydrográfico (now Museo Naval) Departement de Marine, Paris Frontières entre le Brésil et la Guyane française Fite and Freeman, A Book of Old Maps Festschrift zur Erinnerung . . .

Oxford University, Bodleian Library Observatorio Tacubaya, Mexico

Q

Fernández Duro, Arca de Noë

Nordenskiöld, Facsimile Atlas Nordenskiöld, Periplus New York Historical Society, New York New York Public Library, New York

0 OT

PF Ph PM Pr PW

Caraci, Tabulae Geographicae California Historical Society, San Francisco Cortesáo, Cartografía Cóllegio Romano, Rome

Ministerio de Guerra, Madrid Museo Naval, Madrid Münster, Cosmographia

WA

Teleki, Graf Paul, Atlas Yale University Library, New Haven Vatican Library, Rome

Manuscript atlases oj Battista Agnese AV " " " Apocryphal Voyages CV " " " California Voyages DV " " " Voyage of Sir Franci Drake . . . ICG " " " Some Imaginary Cali jornia Geography SpE " " " Spanish Explorations SpV " " " Spanish Voyages . . Wd Wieder, F. C., Monumenta Cartographica Wh Winship, Coronado Expedition [272]

Wagner, Henry R.

List of Maps Pre-Discovery 1507 WALDSEEMOLLER, MARTIN. Twelve globe gores, 36 in circumference. The northwest coast is somewhat different from that on the large map, but agrees with it in showing a break between what are now known as North America and South America. Des. and Rep: Waldseemiiller, Cosmographiae St. Die. 1507. Vienna, Hauslab-Liechtenstein Coll.

Introductio. I.

1507 WALDSEEMÜLLER, MARTIN. Universalis cosmographia secundum Ptholomaei traditionem et Americi Vespucii aliorumque lustrationes. Woodcut map, 248x136.5. Des- Bag, II, 98. Rep: in facsimile edition with introduction by Joseph Fischer and Franz von Wieser, Innsbruck, 1903, and New York, 1907; FF, p. 24; N FA, PI. XXXIV. Wolfegg Castle, Württemberg. II.

1512 STOBNICZA, JOHANN DE. Woodcut world map in two parts, each 37.8x28.5, in Stobnicza, Introductio, Cracow, 1512. These were taken from the insets on the Waldseemiiller map of 1507 (No. I I ) . The northwest coast is somewhat different from that shown on the main map, and there is no separation between what is now known as North and South America. Hereafter referred to as the Stobnicza type. Des: Low. Rep- H Disc, PI. XII; Kr, PI. X, 31; N FA PI. XXXIV; Winsor, II, 116 and III, 13. The same type appears in: Glareanus map of the world, 1520, Munich, Univ. Lib. (Rep. N Per, Fig. 9 1 ) ; Basle Ptolemy, 1530 (Rep: Kohl Doc. Hist., PI. XV (a) a),- Green Globe, BN (Rep: Stv G, Fig. 3 8 ) ; and in the Schöner globes of 1515 and 1520 (Rep- the latter, Kr PI. XIII.); P(ph). III.

1520 APPIAN, PETER. Tipus Orbis Universalis iuxta Ptolomei cosmographi traditionem et Americi Vespucii aliorque lustrationes . . . Woodcut map, about 40x28, in Solinus, Polyhistor (Camers ed.), Vienna, 1520, and in Pomponius Mela, De Orbis situ, Basle, 1522. Des- Bag I, 30. Rep: N FA, pi. XXXVIII. P(ph).

IV.

[273}

1523 ( ? ) SCHÖNER, JOHANN ( ? ) Twelve woodcut globe gores, 27.3 in height. Called by Henry Stevens "Schöner's globe of 1523, long lost," but generally now not regarded as having been made by him. It shows a definite division between America and Asia and a strait at the north similar to that of Münster. Des*' Low. Rep: H Disc, PI. 18 (western portion) ; Ss, JS.

V.

1524 SCHÖNER, JOHANN. World map in twelve engraved gores, 55.5 high. Perhaps the first map to show Cortes' discoveries on the west coast. Referred to hereafter as the Schöner type because of the connection shown between America and Asia. Des: R; Wd, XXI Cong. Int. des Americanistes. Rep. Wd I, PI. 1-3 (attributed to Schöner).

VI.

1524 FRANCISCUS. Small woodcut world map in hemispheres 6.6 in diam. in Franciscus, De orbis situ, 1524. Re-issued in 1526. Schöner type. Des: Bag II, 17; Barlow Sale Cat. 930; Kohl coll. 123. Rep: H Disc, 548; Kr PI. XVIII ( 2 ) ; Lelewel, Geog. du. Moyen Age, Atlas, PI. 46; N Per, Fig. 41. VII.

1526 VESPUCCI, JUAN. 1526. Des: Stv Geog. Activities Rep. HS. HS.

MS world map, 244x85.

of the Casa de

Contratación. VIII.

1527 MAIOLLO, VESCONTE DE. MS world map, 175x60, signed Vesconte de Maiollo, and dated 1527. Lacks the Pacific west of Mexico. Hereafter known as the "Verrazano" type as shown on the reproduction of No. 3. Des: Low; Uzielli 153. Rep. FF, p. 40; H Disc, PI. 10; Kr, XIV ( 7 ) , Stv, Maps Must, early disc., No. 10. The same type appears in XIV; Cosmographicus Universalis (of the Novus orbis of Basle, 1532, 1537, 1555) ; Typus cosmographicus universalis, 1534 (in the Epitome of Joachim Vadianus, Zurich); Tabula novarum or Novae Insulae of Münster m all his editions of his Ptolemy or the Cosmographia, and in his Typus orbis universalis of 1540; and in Agnese (various maps). Milan, Bib. Ambrosiana. IX.

274

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

1528 BORDONE, BENEDETTO. Oval world woodcut map, 37x21.5, in Libro di Benedetto Bordone. Venice, 1528. Des: Bag I, 47; H Disc, 559. Rep: Kr, PI. XIV; N FA, PI. 39b.

X.

1528 COPPA DA ISOLA, PIETRO. Oval world map, 13x7, in his Portolano. Venice, 1528. Des: R. Almagià, "Note on a map of the British Isles by Pietro Coppo," Geog. Jour. LXIX, 441-444, May, 1927; Bag I, 56; H Disc, 561. Rep: Kr (XIV, 5) ; N FA. BM; Barlow Sale Cat. 626 (location unknown). XI.

1529 RIBERO, DIEGO. Carta universal en que se contiene todo lo que del mundo se ha descubierto, fasta, agora. MS about 220x90, made by Diego Ribero, 1529. Des: Cort II, 145; E. T. Hamy, Bull, de geog. hist, et desc, 1887, page 57; H Disc, 569-75 (both maps); Low. Rep: Cort, Pis. XX-XXI (both); W. Griggs (in colors); N Per, Pis. XLVIII-IX ; Stv Early Spanish Cartography (reduced). P F ; P(ph. from the Griggs copy). Another similar 217x89. Rep: FF, page 46, from Stevenson; Kohl, Die beiden ältesten; Stv Maps illus. early disc., No. 11. Weimar, Grand Ducal Library. XII.

£1529] VERRAZANO, HIERONYMO DE. MS world map, 260x130, signed Hieronemvs de Verrazano. From internal evidence contained in a legend on the map it has been deduced that it was made in 1529. Des: Brevoort, Verrazano, the Navigator, New York, 1874 (with a small rep.) ; H Disc, 575; Low; Murphy, Voyage of Verrazano (with small rep.) ; Uzielli, 160. Rep: Parks, Hakluyt, 108; PW, 13; Stv Maps illust. early disc., No. 12. PF, Museo Borgiana. XIII.

1530 BAILLY, ROBERTUS DE. Terrestrial gilded copper globe, 14 in diam. with inscription: Robertus de Bailly, 1530. Verrazano type. Rep: H Ev., 147; H I II nouveau globe Verrazanien; L Rosenthal Cat. 100 (gores) and separately; Stv, G, Fig. 52 (the PM gores). BN; NYPL; PM; P ( p h ) . XIV.

1531 FINÉ, ORONCÉ. Nova et integra universi orbis descriptio. Engraved map, 42x29, double-cordiform projection. Paris (Christian Wechel, pubi.) in the Grynaeus Novus Orbis. Schöner type and containing many of Schöner's names on the west coast of Mexico, although somewhat more corrupted than his. See No. X X X I I I for a re-issue. Des: Bag, I, 65; H Disc, 582. Rep: N FA, PI. 41b. P(ph.)

XV.

1533 SCHÖNER, JOHANN. Terrestrial globe, 26 in diam. Harrisse was of the opinion that this was an improved reproduction of one constructed by Schöner in 1523. As a matter of fact it does show considerable resemblance to No. VI. Rep: H Disc PI. 17 (western hemisphere). Weimar, Grand Ducal Library

XVI.

1535 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA] [Oval world map.] MS, 43.7x32, No. 7 in an atlas of 7 maps, unsigned and undated. This map belongs to the so-called "Lord Lumley's atlas." North America is of the elongated type from northeast to southwest. Rep: Kohl, Doc. Hist. BM, Old Royal MS 14 CV; P(ph.)

XVII.

1536 [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Oval world map]. MS map, 64.7x44.1, No. 7 in an atlas of 7 maps, unsigned and bearing inscription: "1536 principium Martij." (North America is of the elongated type). V, Barberini 4431 A (old number Barb. XLIX, 4 0 ) ; P ( p h ) . Similar maps: V, Lat. 7586, two maps, 55.8x37.1, Nos. 6 and 7 respectively, in an atlas of 8 maps, unsigned, dated 1536; BM, Add MSS 19927, Pacific Ocean and oval world map, 59x41, Nos. 1 and 11 respectively in an atlas of 11 maps, signed Baptista Agnese and dated October 13,1536. XVIII.

1536-7 GEMMA FRISIUS. Twelve engraved gores of a terrestrial globe, 37 in diam., with the inscription that it was drawn by Gemma Frisius and engraved by Gerard Mercator and Gaspare y Myrica. Des: Bag I, 98; Hinze, Drei Globen, Zerbst, 1933; R Ein Globus von Gemma Frisius, Int. Amer. Kong. 1904; Stv G, I, 102. Zerbst, Schlossmuseum; P(ph.) XIX.

1538 SOLINUS, C. JULIUS. [Map of Asia]. Woodcut map, 32.5x24.5, in Solinus, Polyhistor. Basle, 1538, no doubt drawn by Münster. Rep:

N Per, Fig. 60.

XX.

1538 MERCATOR, GERARD. Engraved cordiform world map, 48.5x30.5 on Finé's projection. Louvain, 1538. Probably copied in part from the Frisius globe. Des: Bag II, 3 ; Daly, On the Early History; Raemdonck, Orbis Imago. Rep: Amer. Geog. Soc., 1885 (photolithography) ; FF, p. 54; N FA, PI. XLIII. American Geographical Society; NYPL; P(ph.) XXI.

1538 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA], [World map on a plane projection]. [Oval world map]. Two MS maps, 57x39.5, Nos. 7 and 8 respectively, in an atlas of 8 maps, unsigned: bears inscription "1536 die 10 martij" on the equinoctial line. Type of the Zerbst globe.

275

LIST OF MAPS O, Can. Ital. 144. Similar maps: Lisbon, Soc. de Geog., Pacific Ocean and oval world map, two maps, 26.5x23.4, Nos. 1 and 9 respectively in an atlas of 9 maps, unsigned and undated, described in Catdlogo of the Exposi$ao de Cartog. Nacional. (1903-4), Lisbon, 1904; Milan, Trivulziana, Cod. 2160, Pacific Ocean and oval world map, two maps, 30x21 [19.5?], Nos. 1 and 9 respectively, in an atlas of 9 maps, unsigned and undated, described in Carlo Errera, Atlanti, 1896; P ( p h . all). XXII.

1539-40 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Pacific Ocean], [Oval world map}. Two MS maps, 29.9x19.5 to 19.7, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively in an atlas of 10 maps, unsigned: bears inscription 1536, although there is reason to believe that the atlas was not actually produced until later. Verrazano type. Des: Kohl, Doc. Hist., p. 292; Malavialle; Uzielli, 167 (Venice), 168 (Dresden). Rep: Kohl, PI. XIV. Venice, Museo Civico Correr, CI. Port V. Similar maps: Dresden, Sachs. Landes-bib., F 140b, Nos. 1 and 10, 29x19, respectively in an atlas of 10 maps unsigned and undated; Hunt, HM 25, Nos. 1 and 10, 29.3x19.3, respectively in an atlas of 10 maps, unsigned and undated; P(ph.) XXIII.

1540 MÜNSTER, SEBASTIAN. Typus orbis universalis. Woodcut oval world map, 34.5x26, in Ptolemy, Geographia. Basle, 1540. Stobnicza type with the Verrazano sea unnamed, but with the addition of the strait at the north with the inscription: Per hoc fretü iter patet ad Molucas, obviously taken from the Gemma Frisius globe in Zerbst. Des: H Disc, 608. Rep: Kr, XIX ( 1 ) ; Lelewel, PI. 34; N FA PI. XLIVa. P(ph.) XXIV.

1540 ( ? ) ANONYMOUS. Terrestrial globe gores, 71x31. Contains the track of Magellan's voyage around the world and the strait north of America like Mercator's except that there do not seem to be any islands. The shape of America is much like that on the Gemma Frisius globe. Line of Demarcation is marked on it, twenty-two degrees west of the meridian passing through Madeira. Rep: FF, p. 36; Ss, JS, London, 1888 (Stevens attributed it to Schoner) ; Stv G, I, Fig. 44a (assigning date of 1540 approximately). NYPL. XXV.

1541 DESLIENS, NICOLAS. [Part of the world]. MS, 107.5x58.7, signed Nicolas Desliens, and dated Dieppe, 1541. North America of the elongated type. Des: H Ev, p. 203; Hantsch u. Schmidt, Kartog. Denk; Low. Rep: H Ev, PI. XI; Marcel, Recueil. BN, Ge C 7895 (dated 1566. 45x26.5); Dresden, Sachs. Landes-bib. A. 52m. XXVL

1541 MERCATOR, GERARD. Globus terrae Gerardi Mercatoris, Rupulmundani. Twelve engraved gores, about 41 in diam., published by Mercator in Louvain, dated 1541. (Different from the 1538 globe). Des: Bag II, 6; Raemdonck, Sphères; Stv, G. Rep: Raemdonck, Brussels, 1875; (photolithography); Phillips and Co., London; Stv G, I, 128; Winsor, II, 177. Brussels, Bib. Royale; Museo Astronomico, Rome, and various other places; P(ph.) XXVII.

1542 VOPELL, CASPAR. Nova et intégra universi orbis descriptio. Globe, 28 in diam., signed and dated Cologne, 1542. Schöner type. Des: Bag II, 93; Michow, FZE; Stv, G, I, 113. Rep: FZE. Cologne, State Archives.

XXVIII.

1543 VOPELL, CASPAR. Nova ac generalis orbis descriptio. Globe, 7.2 in diam., inside the armillary rings, signed and dated, Cologne, 1543. Schoner type. Des: Bag II, 93; Michow, FZE; Stv, G, I, 115. Rep: Michow, FZE. LC, (formerly in possession of L. Friederichsen, Hamburg). XXIX.

1543-5 ANONYMOUS. Nova et intégra universi orbis descriptio. Globe, 25.6 in diam., unsigned and undated, with the inscription: Rothomagi. [Rouen]. The authorities of the BN have assigned the globe to approximately the year 1578. Des: BN

Stv G, I, 188; Vallée, Notice (308).

XXX.

1559 MÜNSTER, SEBASTIAN. Tabula novarum insularum, quas diversis respectibus Occidentales & Indianes vocant. Woodcut map, 34.5x27, in Münster, Cosmographiae, Basle, 1559. A reprint of his early map of 1532 to which a printed title has been added. Des:

Bag II, 32.

XXXI.

1563 LUIS, LAZARO. Atlas of 13 maps, 62x44 (probably the binding), signed Lazaro Luis and dated 1563. No maps representing the northwest coast. Des: Cort II, 244. Lisbon, Bib. de Academia Real das Sciencias; Hunt (ph.) XXXII.

1566 CIMERLINUS, JOANNES PAULUS. Cosmographia universalis ab Orontio olim descripta. Engraved world map, 58x52, bears inscription: "Ioannes Paulus Cimerlinus Veronesis in aes incidebat Anno 1566," dedicated to Enrico dno Matrevors Comiti Arandellae. A copy of XV, usually found in Lafreri atlases.

276

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

D e s : C a s t e l l a n i , Catàlogo, 240. C R ; G H B ; H u n t ; P ( p h . of K o h l ' s ) .

XXXIII.

1568 HAMON, PIERRE ( ? ) MS world map, 38.5x21.5; with the illustrated borders, 43x26.3. Similar to XXVI. R e p : M B , Cat. of E x h i b i t in L C ( M a g g s authorship of the m a p to P i e r r e H a m o n ) . M B ; P ( p h . k i n d n e s s of M a g g s B r o s . ) .

attributes

the

XXXIV.

1575 GEMMA, FRISIUS. Carta cosmographica, con los nombres, propriedad y virtud de los vientos. Heart-shaped map of the world, 27.5x19 (without the title and printing on the sides), in Pedro Apiano, La Cosmographia (corrected and enlarged by Gemma Frisius), Antwerp, 1575. XXXV.

1575 MUNSTER, SEBASTIAN. Figura del mondo universale. Woodcut map, 37.5x26 (without the title), in Minister's Cosmographia Universale (Ital. ed.) Cologne, 1575. Stobnicza type with the northern sea almost reaching the Atlantic at 40°. Looks like the one in the earliest of Miinster's Cosmography. XXXVI.

( ? ) LISBOA, JOAO DE. Atlas of 20 MS maps, undated, said by Karpinski to measure 41.5x28.9. No maps representing the northwest coast. R e p : B y the owner "with n o t e s by J a c i n t h o I g n a c i o d e B r i t o R e b e l l o a n d p u b l i s h e d a p p a r e n t l y in 1904 in a v o l u m e of l x x i i , a n d 308 p a g e s . C o r t e s a o in his Cartografia, II, 78, thinks this w a s drawn by V a z D o u r a d o b e f o r e 1568, a l t h o u g h h e a d m i t s the h a n d w r i t i n g differs f r o m that on V a z D o u r a d o ' s maps. Lisbon, Palacio Palmela; Hunt (ph.) XXXVII.

SCHIEPP, CHRISTOFF. Nova et integra universi orbis descriptio. Engraved terrestrial globe, 21 in diam., inscribed by Christian Schiepp, Augusta [Augsburg], Apparently pre-California and evidently of Verrazano type. Des: BN.

Stv, G, I, 107.

XXXVIII.

1603 BELGA, GULIELMUS NICOLAI. Nova et integra universi orbis descriptio. Twelve engraved gores for a globe, Lyons, 1603. A curious survival from an early globe now lost. The map is much like No. VI except that America is separated from Asia, and the northwest coast is of the Stobnicza type. Rep:

M , N o s . 5 a n d 6.

BNC; P(ph.).

XXXIX.

277

LIST OF M A P S

Post-Discovery 1535 ( ? ) [A small sketch MS map of the point of California], s. cruz, Cortés' name for the country is one of the essential features of the map, later copied on many others. Rep: Ri (Map I V ) ; W CV, PI. I; W SpV, PI. II; Winsor, II, 443. AGI, 1-1-2/21, Part 9a; P ( p h ) . *1

1541 CASTILLO, DOMINGO DEL. [Map of California]. Engraved map, 25x21, in Lorenzana, Historia de la Nueva España. Mexico, 1770. Hereafter referred to as Castillo type. Rep: N Per, Fig. 89; Ri (Map V I ) ; W CV, PI. VII; W SpV, PI. VIII; Winsor, II, 444 (red.) *2

1541 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Oval world map]. MS map, 22.2x15.3, No. 10 in an atlas of 10 maps, unsigned and undated. Hereafter referred to as Verrazano type. Crossing the isthmus at about 40° is a line of dots which extends to about 120° west of the meridian and labeled "el viazo di fransa." This part of the coast is not shown on the other maps, which are of Agnese type No. 1. Des: Pesehel, halienische Weltkarte (Munich); Vallée Cat. 236 (the BN atlas). Rep: N Per, PI. XXIV (from the Stockholm atlas); W CV and W SpV, PI. V (from the Stockholm atlas). Stockholm, Royal Library; P ( p h ) . Similar atlases: BN, Fonds Latin, 18249; Brescia, Leg. Martinengo I, III, 24; Munich, Bay. Staats-Bib. Cod. Icon. 136; Paris, Baron Rothschild; Pr. MS Hamilton 528. (All unsigned and undated. In the Munich and Berlin maps the "viazo di fransa" has been omitted); P ( p h ) . *3

1542 AGNESE, BATTISTA. [Pacific Ocean], [Oval map of the world]. Two MS maps, 29.5x19.5, by Battista Agnese, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively in an atlas of 10 maps, one of which is dated May 15, 1542. "Agnese" type. On No. 1 the Peninsula of California appears with the set of names which with occasional exceptions are found on all of Agnese's later atlases. On No. 10 the "viazo di fransa" has been eliminated and never reappeared on any other dated atlas. Des: Gaffarel, Le Portillan de Malar tic; Uzielli, 262 (Milan). Rep: Gaffarel (Nos. 1, 2, and 6) ; W SpV, PI. VI (No. 1). PM, M507; P ( p h ) . Similar atlases bearing the date 1542 were also issued: Cassel, Permanent Nat. Lib. MS Hist. 4o No. 6; Milan, Ambrosiana, S. P. II, 7; V, Pal. Lat. 1886; Vienna, Nat. Bib. Cod. 623; P(ph). *4

1542 SANTA CRUZ, ALONSO DE. Nova verior et integra totius orbis descriptio nunc primum in lucem, edita per Alfonsum de Sancta Cruz Caesaris, Charoli V archi cosmographum A. D. M. D. XLII. MS Double-hemisphere map 144x79.

Des: Low. Rep: Dahlgren, Santa Cruz; N Per, PI. L; Ri (part) V I I ) ; W CV, II (section); W SpV, PI. III (section). Stockholm, Royal Library.

1542 ULPIUS, EUPHROSYNUS. 39.4 in diameter. Rome, 1542.

(Map *5

Engraved globe

Des: Costa; Low; Stv G, I, 147. Rep: Mag. of Am. Hist., Jan. 1879; Wh, PI. XXXIX (American portion); Winsor, IV, 42 (western half). NYHS. 6

1542 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Pacific Ocean] [Oval world map]. Two MS maps, 30x21.8, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively, in an atlas of 10 maps, unsigned and undated. Vienna, Nat. Bib., 311-156; P ( p h ) . Similar atlases: Q; P ( p h ) .

7

1543 AGNESE, BATTISTA. [Pacific Ocean], [Oval world map]. Two MS maps, 29.5x19.4, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively in an atlas of 11 maps, dated February 12, 1543, and signed Baptista Agnese. Des:

Uzielli 174, (Gotha atlas) 177; Vallee Notice

42 (BN

Rep: ' W CV and SpV, PI. VII (from BN atlas). Florence, Bib. Laurenziana, 245 (Described in Malavialle) ; P(ph). Similar atlases: BN, 14410; Gotha, Grand Ducal Lib.; P(ph). *8

1544 AGNESE, BATTISTA. [Map of the Pacific Ocean], [Oval map of the world]. Two MS maps 30x19.5, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively, in an atlas of 10 maps, dated February 5, 1544, and signed Battista Agnese. The maps are of the type which Agnese first put out in 1542 except that Yucatan appears as a peninsula of much the same shape as shown on Mercator's map of 1538. Des: Uzielli, 175; Wieser, Sitz.-Ber. Dresden, Sachs. Landes-bibliothek MSS, F. 140a; P ( p h ) . Similar atlases bearing the date 1544 were also issued: Dublin, Trinity College, K 315, No. 917; Glasgow, Hunterian Museum; Harff a/Erft, Castle Lib., MS 61 (R 1 3 ) ; Mad, BN, R 176; P ( p h ) . *9

1544 CABOT, SEBASTIAN. An engraved world map on a plane projection 148x111 without the legends. A pamphlet entitled Declaratio chartae novae navigatioriae domine almirantis was printed in Antwerp in 1544 (supposedly) and was intended to be an explanation of this chart. Hereafter known as the Cabot type. Des: Bag. I, 51; Low; Vallee, Notice (103). Rep: F de B, No. 6; FF, page 60; Jomard, Monuments ( 2 0 ) ; Kr PI. XVI (in part); Ss N (in part); W SpV (section); Wh PI. 3. BN, GeCC, 1232 (only copy known); P ( p h ) . *10

278

C A R T O G R A P H Y OF T H E N O R T H W E S T COAST O F A M E R I C A

1544 ( ? ) [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Map of the Pacific Ocean}. [Oval world map]. Two MS maps 29.5x19.5, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively in an atlas of 10 maps, undated and unsigned. Rep: W A (HM 26) ; Wuttke (No. 10). New York, Mr. Lathrop C. Harper (R. 12). Described in R; P(ph). Similar maps: Hunt, HM 26; Turin, Bib. Reale; P ( p h ) . *11

1 5 4 4 + [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Oval world map]. [Map of the Pacific Ocean], Two MS maps, 22x15 (28x21 with the borders), Nos. 1 and 11 respectively, in an atlas of 11 maps, unsigned and undated, but post 1544. Des: Wieser, Der Portulan des ¡njanten. Rep: F F , page 58; Wiener, Portulan de Charles-Quint. Pis. IV and XIV. JCBL; P(ph). Similar maps: Munich, Heinrich Rosenthal; P ( p h ) .

. . . *12

1545 AGNESE, BATTISTA. [Map of the Pacific Ocean]. [Oval world map]. Two MS maps 44x29, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively, in an atlas of 12 maps, signed Baptista Agnese and dated May 8, 1545. Des: Uzielli, 176. Venice, Marciana, Cl. IV, Cod. 492;

P(ph).

•13

1 5 4 5 + [AGNESE, BATTISTA]. [Pacific Ocean]. [Oval world map]. Two MS maps 35.5x21.9, Nos. 1 and 10 respectively, in an atlas of 10 maps, unsigned and undated. Des: Uzielli (Wolfenbüttel) 231. V, Barb. Lat. 4357; P ( p h ) . Similar maps: H S ; London, Lambeth Palace; P F ; PM, 460; V, Barb. Lat. 4313; Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bib., Cod. 4 I Aug. 4o; P ( p h ) . *14

1546 GASTALDI, GIACOMO. Universale. Engraved map 53.5x37.5. Venice, 1546. Gastaldi type No. 1. Des: Bag I, 76. Rep: Grande, Le Carte d'America, PI. 5; M, IV, No. 2 ; PW, PI. 12B. B M ; BN, Ge D 3284; C R ; Hunt; University of Leyden; UnY; P ( p h ) . »15

1548 GASTALDI, GIACOMO. Carta Marina Nova Tabula. Engraved map 17x13, in Ptolemy, La Geografia, Venice, 1548. No names on the northwest coast. Des: Bag I, 78. Rep: Grande, Le carte ifAmerica, PI. 4 ; Kr PI. XVIII (3) ; N FA, PI. XLV. 16

1548 GASTALDI, GIACOMO. Dell'Universale. Engraved map 70x52 (according to Bag.) Venice, Matio Pagan, signed Giacomo Gastaldo.

In general, this map is the same as Gastaldi's Universale of 1546. Bagrow believes that it was produced about 1548, but the change in Gastaldi's view regarding the sea between Europe and America in the Arctic regions argues for a later date. In this respect it is like the Universale Descrittione published by Bertelli and first issued in 1562. Rep: Bag PI. 8. BM, C7, c l 7 ; P ( p h ) .

1548 GASTALDI, GIACOMO. Nueva Tabula Nova. Engraved map, 17x13, in Ptolemy, La Venice, 1548. Based on his Universale of 1546. Des:

Bag I, 78.

•17

Hispania Géografia,

•18

1548 GASTALDI, GIACOMO. Universale Novo. Engraved oval map, 17x13, in Ptolemy, La Geografia, Venice, 1548. No names on the northwest coast. Des: Bag I, 78. Rep: Grande, Le carte /2°, 271/2°, 23j/ 2 °.

49J/2°, 41°, 36°,

352b, c, d.

BAIA, C : DELLA, i n a b o u t 3 9 j / 2 ° .

352d.

name

BAIA [ d ' A b r o l h o s ] , C : DELLA, in about 2 6 J 4 ° -

352b.

given to the mouth of the Columbia River when Hezeta

BAIA [ S : M a r t i n o ] , C : DELLA, in about 2 3 % ° .

352b.

discovered it August 17, 1 7 7 5 .

BAIA [ d e l o s T a c h a i o s ]

ASUNCION DE NUESTRA SEÑORA, BAHÍA DE LA, a

the asunción peared

on

"Heceta".

T h e celebration

takes place August 15. the maps

as

"Entrada

of

It usually apde

Ezeta"

or

645, 6 4 8 ( p l a n ) , 7 6 8 .

ASUNCION

DE N U E S T R A

SEÑORA,

in about 47°.

BOCCA DELLA, a n d C . DELLA,

352d.

BAIA [ T e m p e s t o s a ] ,

C : DELLA, i n 3 1 ° .

BAIA, FONDO DELLA, i n 311/2°. ISLA,

Father

Ascen-

sion's name f o r Isla Natividad.

352c.

352c.

BAILARIN, P U E B L O DEL, t h e s o l d i e r s ' n i c k n a m e f o r

one given by the f r i a r s of the Portola

ATGHKTA (Atka, one of the Aleutian I s l a n d s ) .

The

the

expedition

August 16, 1769, " S a n t a Clara de Monte F a l c o " .

name was obtained by J a m e s Cook's party in October,

BAILE

1778, from Ismailof's chart.

of the Portola expedition August 31, 1769, to a camp-

ATREVIDA,

CANAL

DE LA,

696, 699, 8 2 9 .

the

passage

couver Island and the Gordon Islands. course recalls Malaspina's vessel. have appeared again.

between

Van-

T h e name o f

It never seems to

DE LAS INDIAS,

name

given

by

the

soldiers

ing place on the small lake near the mouth of San Antonio

Creek,

in Santa

Barbara

County,

because

this was the first place at which they had seen InIt was named " S a n Ramon No-

dian women dance.

816.

a

AUES [ a v e s ] , a Vaz Dourado name, alternative to his

n a t o " by F r . Crespi.

"Quatro I s l l a s " .

BAIXA, COSTA, i n t w o l a t i t u d e s , 3 1 x / { a n d 2 5 ] / 2 ° .

72, 9 6 , 9 7 , 103, 12-2.

AUES, R : D', possibly a corruption of " I s l a de aves". 134.

BAIXA, I., an island in about 28°.

BAIXAS, C : DI, G O L F O DI, a n d R . DI, o n D u d l e y ' s

A V E S , ISLA DE

(Natividad).

Taraval

during

his

ex-

267.

64.

in 34K 2 ° and the first also in 3 2 % ° .

map

352c.

pedition of 1 7 3 2 discovered this island which he said

BAIXO, R . , i n a b o u t 2 6 ° .

was in about 31°.

B A J A ENTRADA, ENSENADA DE ( F a l s e B a y j u s t n o r t h

Nevertheless f r o m his description

267. of

it is certain that it was the Natividad o f present maps.

San Diego, C a l i f o r n i a ) , a name given by Vizcaino's

He said the Indians called it " A f e g u á " or B i r d Island.

explorers because of the bar at its entrance.

B y mistake Alzate in 1 7 6 8 located the island in about

BAJO, CABO, a name given by Vizcaino to what in all

30° 3 0 ' .

probability was Punta San Antonio.

AVES,

612.

ISLAS DE, a n a m e

on

Bodega's

chart of

No mention of them occurs in the narrative.

1775.

Three

the Palacios

plan

which

lead one to suspect

might

almost north

of

236.

It appears on San

Geronimo

that it was

the

in number they are laid down in about 51° 5 0 ' , and

present Punta B a j a but the description o f it in the

were undoubtedly the small islands just south of Cape

derroteros

St. James, the southern point of Moresby Island, the

825, 861, 862.

present Kerouard or Proctor islands.

BAJOS, [Basos, Baxi, or B a x o s ] (the A b r e o j o s ) .

have seen them about September 13. 829, 834, AYALA,

Bodega must 6 4 1 , 669, 7 6 8 ,

(the

southeastern

end

of

the

Kenai

P e n i n s u l a ) , so named by Arteaga about August

1,

2 3 6 , 613, As

Basos the name first appears on the Agnese map of 1 5 4 2 in about 24°.

861.

I S L A DE

does not warrant this conclusion.

Lopo Homem, who did not copy

Agnese's map, writes it " B a x o s " and it was so copied by Diego Homem.

4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 22, 2 6 ,

1779, probably after J u a n Manuel de Ayala, the naval

27, 29, 3 0 ( ? ) , 4 3 , 63, 71, 117.

officer who

1775.

BALA, a name which we learn from Caamano's narra-

666, 668, 8 3 4 , 8 3 5 .

tive in 1792 had been given by Capt. J a m e s Colnett

AYTON'S RIVER ( S k e e n a ) , named by Charles Duncan

to a small port in what is now known as Nepean^

J u n e 2, 1788, at least he entered it that day.

Sound.

explored

San

Francisco

Not mentioned in the narratives.

Bay

in

Caamano's pilot could not find it and he

430

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

therefore decided that Colnett's m a p was incorrect. BALANDRA, an anchorage between H o p e and Nigei islands off the north side of Vancouver Island. August 23, Galiano found a balandra with a foreign flag anchored at this p o i n t ; hence the name. Balandra—sloop.

816, 832.

BALDA, B. DE (Thompson Sound, northeast of G i l f o r d Island, B. C . ) . In the account of the Galiano expedition it is stated that J u a n Vernaci discovered this inlet in the early part of August, 1792. On the m a p s of 1795 the name appears between two inlets. 816, 832, 833, 861. BALDINAT, BRAZO DE o r CANAL DE ( T r i b u n e

Channel,

the western branch of Knight Inlet around G i l f o r d Island, B. C . ) . It was explored by J u a n Vernaci in early August, 1792, and he apparently followed it f o r some distance f r o m the point where it turns west. The name does not a p p e a r on 816 but first on those of 1795. 832, 833, 861. DI, o r ENSEADA, DI, i n 2 4 J / 2 ° ,

probably

intended f o r Ballenas in 26° 4 5 ' . 483, 523, 612, 617, 620, 651.

352b, 462, 472,

BALENAS,

name

DE LAS M U C H A S ,

200b, 239, 253, 255, 258, 285. BALENAS, R . , i n a b o u t 3 2 ° . CABO, m e n t i o n e d

64, 603. by Martinez

in h i s

diary

of 1789, but without giving the location except that

BALD ROCKS, a name applied by J a m e s Johnstone to some small islands outside Rose Harbour, Moresby Island, Q. C. Islands. 725.

MAR

4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17,

95, 102, 155, 167, 168 ( a p p l i e d to C. C a l i f . ) , 188,

BALERO,

BALBENA, error for Balena.

BALENAS, B :

Ballena—whale.

18, 22, 26, 29, 43, 45, 56, 57, 60, 61, 71, 93, 94 ( ? ) ,

a

about

op-

posite where the town of T o d o s Santos now is at the lower end of the Peninsula of California. Velho also applied it to what is now Cabo P u l m o . On the Vallicelliana m a p it is off the southwestern point, where it should have been, having been so applied in the Preciado narrative of the U l l o a expedition. 21, 64. BALENAS [ B a l l e n a s ] , Punta or P l a y a , a name which figured on numerous m a p s f o r Cabo S a n Lucas. In the Preciado account of the U l l o a expedition mention is made of the numerous whales found at this point It m a y be by the Santa Agueda on her return. noticed that in Gómara's account of the coast he refers to this Punta de Ballenas as one "which others call C a l i f o r n i a " . Although he stated that it was under the T r o p i c his description of it was not sufficiently precise to enable one to be certain whether he referred to it as the southeastern or southwestern point of California. Apparently Mercator took it to be the former, p r o b a b l y because he h a d seen the name C. California applied to that point on the Gutierrez m a p of 1562. It first a p p e a r e d on Agnese's m a p of 1542. This point sometimes figures as " M a r de l a s muchas balenas".

it was on the east side of the Strait of Fonte, that is, Hecate Strait.

It does not seem to have ever appeared

on a map. BALLENA, ISLA (Fish E g g I s l a n d ) , in east part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska.

Not found in the narratives of

the 1779 expedition.

The name on modern U .

S.

charts is applied to a very small island a mile southwest of Fish E g g Island. B a l l e n a — a whale. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. BALLONA, POMTA

(for Punta

Balenas).

72, 88,

96,

103, 122. BANCAS, PUNTA DE LAS, a t t h e n o r t h e n d o f

Yakutat

Bay, Alaska, at the entrance to Disenchantment Bay, so named by M a l a s p i n a J u l y 3, 1791. 788. BARADA,

PLACER

Puerto de the Estero BARBADAS f o r which 459, 555,

DE LA,

on

Malaspina's

Piano

del

Mulgrave. It lies between Pt. Carrew and del Ancau. 791. [ B a r b a d o s ] . See Isla de Gente B a r b u d o it frequently a p p e a r s in error. 327, 350, 568.

BARBARA, ISLA DE G E N T E , a p p a r e n t l y a c o r r u p t i o n

of

"Barbudo". 798. BARBER, PT., (in Port Etches, A l a s k a ) , named by Portlock while there in May, 1787. 739. BARCA, PUNTA ( i n Port R e f u g e on Suemez Island, Bucareli Bay, A l a s k a ) . Not found in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. B a r c a — a boat. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. BARCOS, COSTA DE, on the P a l a c i o s p l a n just north of the Rio Dulce, on the Santa B a r b a r a Channel coast, an evident allusion to the canoes which came out to Vizcaino's ships f r o m this point. See Tirada, Costa. 236. BARNETT,

CAPE.

It

is

impossible

to

satisfactorily

identify this cape of Meares. He reports D o u g l a s as having discovered it August 11, 1788. A l l his latitudes are incorrect and it is a question whether his S e a Otter Harbor, which was between this cape and Cape Adamson, was Bucareli B a y or S e a Otter Harbor between Noyes Island and Baker Island, Prince of Wales group. If the latter supposition be correct the cape was no doubt Cape Addington, while if his S e a Otter S o u n d was Bucareli B a y it was Cape Bartolome. 758a, 759.

431

O B S O L E T E P L A C E NAMES BARRANCAS, E N S . DE, a doubtful name on the east side of Yakutat Bay, Alaska, in 59° 45'. The name is not mentioned in Malaspina's narrative nor does it appear on any subsequent map. 786. BARRANCAS, PUNTA DE (Pt. Arena), located by Costanso in 39° 50', one degree too high.

Barrancas—cliffs.

620.

a name on the Palacios plan representing the end of the bay between it and Punta de los Reyes, California. As used at that time the expression meant "White Cliffs". From its position it might be concluded that it was Pt. San Pedro but that mountain is not white. I think it probable therefore that it represents Duxbury Point, about ten miles north of the entrance to the Golden Gate. 236, 310, 327. BARRANCAS BLANCAS, PUNTA DE,

(Houston Stewart Channel, west side of Moresby Island, Queen Charlotte group, B.C.), named by Robert Gray June 11, 1789, after Joseph Barrel, one of his owners and according to him in 52° 12'. In Thompson's Geographical Dictionary, a visit to it by Hoskins in 1791 is referred to. It must have been the "Magee's Sound" of Ingraham judging from his map. BARREN ISLAND, a small island in Calamity Harbour, Banks Island, B. C. 727. BARRIENTOS, PUNTA, in 59° 44', at the entrance to what Malaspina calls the "Bahia de Almirantazgo" (Admiralty B a y ) , no doubt Pt. Manby. He discovered it about July 7, 1791. The name does not appear on subsequent maps. 786. BARRIGON, E L , a point in the Puerto de Santiago, Hinchinbrook Island, Alaska. 665. BARRIGON, E L , in Port Dolores, Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives. Pt. Baricon on U. S. charts. Barrigon—big belly. 661, 663, 719, 843. BARWELL POINT (Cape Resurrection, at entrance to Resurrection Bay, Alaska), no doubt discovered and named by one of Portlock's boat expeditions in December, 1787. 738, 744, 758a, 830. BASOS. See Bajos. BASOS, ENSENADA DE, near the lower end of California. 558, 634. BASSET, I S L E , forming part of Delisle's fantastic geography located in Lac Bernarda in about 74°. 571. BAUTISMO, CANADA DEL (Christianitos Canon, north of San Onofre, in San Diego County, Calif.). This name was given by Portola July 22, 1769, because the friars baptized here two Indian children who were BARREL SOUND,

dying. The soldiers called it " L o s Christianos", hence possibly the present name. Fr. Crespi named it "San Apolinario" after that saint whose day is July 23. BAUVIA, PUNTA DE, only mentioned in the letter of Galiano and Valdés. It is probably an error for "Bauza", and must have been close to the anchorage in Sunderland Channel, B. C., which was named "Bauza". BAUZA, FOND' DE, an anchorage of the ships of the Galiano expedition July 28, 1792, in Sunderland Channel opposite Hardwick Island, named by Galiano in honor of Felipe Bauza, the mapmaker of the Malaspina expedition. 816, 832. BAUZA, PUERTO DE, probably the place still so named on Vancouver Island at the east end of Broughton Strait or possibly Beaver Cove adjoining. It must have been named by Galiano in 1792. 832, 833, 861. BAXA, COSTA, in about 30°. 164. BAXA, P L L A I A . BAXA, TERRA,

88

(2).

in about 25°.

164.

(or Baco), C., in 36^2°. It is impossible to identify. 216, 229, 239 ( ? ) , 253, 287, 308, 339, 366, 391. BAXO

BAXO, C . DEL o r D'L. BAXOS.

43,

164.

See Bajos.

(Richardson Rock). 236. at the southern end of the Bahia de Ballenas, probably Punta de Bronaugh. 236. BAZAN, BOCAS DE, two inlets west of Pender Island, the lower, Satellite Channel, and the upper, Ganges Harbor. On Eliza's map of 1791 the name covers these and the intermediate Fulford Harbor. Bazan was Antonio Valdés y Bazan. 779, 784, 796. B E A L ' S HARBOUR (south side of North Island, Dixon Entrance, B. C.), named by Douglas June 23, 1789. The latitude assigned to it by him is 54° 18' N and the longitude 227° 06' E. It does not appear on the maps.

BAXOS, ISLA DE

BAXOS, PUNTA DE,

BEATON'S ISLAND, Behm Canal, Alaska, named by Vancouver after Roderick Betton, a sailor who was badly wounded in a fight with the Indians August 12, 1793. 855. BEAUTEMS, C. La Pérouse's name for Cook's Cape Fairweather. 840, 841. BEERING'S BAY (Yakutat B a y ) . Vancouver gave this name when in the bay at the end of June, 1794, because he thought it must be the one in which Bering had anchored. Cook had already given the same name, May 6, 1778, to another bay which he located in 59° 18' and 221° E. 830, 859, 860.

432

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA (or B a y ) ,

BEHRING, BAHIA DE

parently

taken from

in about 59°

Cook's map.

711,

30',

772,

ap-

786,

about this being correct; it seems much too close to the sandspit.

749, 750, 779, 8 3 3 .

800, 814, 829, 8 6 2 .

BHYRINGS SOUND, a misprint for Blyings Sound,

BEHRING, RIVIERE DE, a name given by L a Pérouse

in List No. 1.

q.v.

857.

to a river where there was no bay in the latitude

BIA[n]cA,

assigned by Cook to a bay which he called " B e h r i n g ' s

BICAS, P. DES, obviously an error for P . de S. Lucas.

Bay".

260.

BEJIAL COVE, in Bucareli Bay.

See

Bagial in List

No. 1.

BISHOP

COSTA.

and

83.

CLERKS,

some

small

islands

slightly

southwest of Calvert Island, B . C., evidently the Sea

BELLE, LAC, forming part of Delisle's fantastic geog-

Otter group.

raphy and shown on his 1752 map in about 56°.

Charles Duncan, in 1 7 8 7 .

The

Rivière de los Reyes runs out of it and that o f Parmentiers runs into it.

562, 566, 571, 573, 614, 677,

I judge they must have been named by 744, 758a,

831.

BISHOPS CAP, a promontory at the northeast entrance to Mussel Cove, an indentation on the northern shore

817.

of Beaver Inlet, Unalaska Island, Alaska.

BENITES DEL PINO, PUNTA DE (probably Beechey Head

BLANC, C., the equivalent on French maps for Cabo

783b.

on Vancouver Island, B . C . ) , named by Quimper June

Blanco of the Briggs map of 1625.

28, 1790.

4 6 9 , 486, 511-12, 524, 544, 564, 569, 5 7 1 , 573, 583,

I know of no man of this name.

seems to have appeared once. BENTERA.

See Venterà.

It only

750.

594, 601, 738, 837, 838, 839, 840.

843.

BLANCA, B.

BENYEME, apparently the name of an Indian group along the Santa B a r b a r a Coast appearing on Font's map.

658.

BERCI, REGIO, on the Wytfliet Limes

map, 1597, for

the region in the extreme northwest part of America, just above Anian Regnum.

189,

191.

geography and located in about 64° near the southern 566, 571, 573, 8 1 7 .

BERNARDA, LAC, forming part of Delisle's geography.

fantastic

On his 1752 map it extends from about

64° to 79° in a general northeasterly direction. 5 9 1 it is not named although shown.

On

571, 5 7 3 .

BERNARDA, R., a river forming part of Delisle's fantastic geography. of a Lac Velasco. BERRESFORD'S

It flows into the Pacific in 62° out 571, 573, 614, 677, 8 1 7 .

ISLAND

(Scott

Islands),

named

by

George Dixon about August 5, 1787, in honor of his super cargo, William BerresFord.

On the chart the

name is attached to the island farthest west.

732,

736, 8 6 1 . the

coast just south of Puerto de Quimper or New DunQuimper in his

diary does not mention it, but Lopez de Haro put it on his Carta Reducida

the north and the B . de los Primeros on the south. As it is thus found in conjunction with

and his Piano when the plan

of the bay was made in J u l y , 1790, probably to honor Cosme Bertodano, a Spanish naval officer on the coast a few years later, perhaps then.

Cabrillo's

names, perhaps he bestowed it. Blanca—white.

42.

tion of the northwest coast between the Bahia de los Fuegos and Sardinas and so appearing on the maps which were drawn up from his description.

It is commonly iden-

tified as Washington Harbor but when I looked over the bay for myself some doubt arose in my mind

There is

plenty of white coast at different points between the two places Gómara mentions and it is therefore impossible to decide just where it might have been, especially as no mention of such a coast occurs in either of the narratives.

It was, however, probably

the sand dunes south of Ventura.

It was not shown

on the Ortelius map of 1 5 6 4 but again appeared on the Mercator map of 1569 and the Ortelius derivatives of it.

37, 42, 75, 80, 144c, 147, 152, 159, 168, 175,

179, 186c. BLANCHE, COSTE, French for "Costa B l a n c a " .

129.

BLANCO, ARROYO, in Port Dolores in Bucareli Bay, Alaska.

BERTODANO, ENSENADA DE, a s m a l l i n d e n t a t i o n o n

geness, Wash., as it is now known.

On André Homem's map of 1 5 5 9 this

name is laid down between the Sierras Nevadas on

BLANCA [ B l a c a ] , COSTA, a name in Gómara's descrip-

BERNARDA, ISLE, forming part of Delisle's fantastic end of Lac Bernarda.

360, 4 2 4 , 4 2 6 ,

Not found in the narratives of the

1779

expedition. Blanco—white.

661, 662, 663, 719, 8 4 3 .

BLANCO, CABO, a favorite name in the imaginary geography of the northwest coast.

I think it first appears

on the Ortelius Maris Pacifici

of 1589 in about 33°.

As Hogenberg has a C. B l a n c a in this same neighborhood which might be an abbreviation for Costa Blanca it is possible that Ortelius also changed C. Blanca to C. Blanco.

On the Plancius maps of 1590 and 1 5 9 4

there are four of these " C . B l a n c o s " , namely in 30°,

OBSOLETE PLACE

34°, 40°, and 58°, and the same are found in approximately the same latitudes on those derived from his. On the Plancius 1592 map their location differs from these as on this map all the latitudes in the northern part are lower. 153, 156, 163(3), 167(3), 174(4), 182(4), 189(2), 194(3), 201(2), 224(2), 232, 237, 258(3), 279, 372. BLANCO, CABO, the highest point shown on the Briggs map of 1625, in about 42°. It was undoubtedly intended to represent Vizcaino's Cabo Blanco de San Sebastian. 292, 295, 301b, 314, 330, 332, 347, 359, 368, 374, 382, 383, 395, 404, 407, 418, 429, 434, 436, 455, 462, 505, 532, 545, 546, 561, 612. BLANCO, CABO. See Cabo Blanco de Santa Maria. BLANCO, CABO, in 22° 51', in reality the southern extremity of California, now known as Cabo Falso. The first reference to it is by Espinosa September 26, 1565. (SpV, p. 116). It only seems to have appeared on 398. BLANCO, COSTA q. VA AL CABO, the northernmost name on the Palacios chart. 236. BLANCO DE MARTIN AGUILAR, CABO.

785.

or BLANC DE S T . SEBASTIAN, CABO, a Vizcaino name, perhaps the present Pt. St. George. 523, 555, 564, 566, 571, 572, 578, 582, 585, 591, 596, 597, 620, 649. BLANCO DE SANTA MARIA, CABO or PUNTA (Punta Canoas). The name was given by Vizcaino September 18, 1602, in commemoration of the dolores of the Virgin Mary. In the explanation to the Palacios plan it was placed in 3 2 ^ ° , obviously a mistake, for 305^°. Vizcaino apparently first sighted it September 15. It is shown on the Palacios plan and mentioned in his derrotero. It sometimes appears only as "Cabo Blanco". 236, 327, 350, 469, 509, 548, 558, 578, 582, 594, 608, 609, 613, 634, 649, 671, 672, 674, 675, 691. BLANQUAS [Blancas}, LLAS ISLLAS, some islands in about 34°. 96,122.

BLANCO

BLANQUIAL, C., apparently a variant of "C. Blanco", as it is just north of C. St. Sebastian. 562, 572, 595, 596,614. BLANQUISALES, L O S . See Pt. Arena. Blanquizal—whitish clay or chalk. 310b, 509, 609. BLANQUISCAS, TIERRAS DEL CABO, on the Palacios charts just south of Cabo Mendocino. The corresponding name appears on the Teixeira map of 1630 as "los blanquisales". 236. BLANQUIZAL, PUNTA, on west coast of Prince of Wales Island in north part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not found in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. The point has now been found to be at the west end of a

NAMES

small island and the name is now applied to the island. 661, 662, 719, 843. BLLAMCO, C . , o r BLAMCO DEL ENGANHO, CABO, a

Vaz

Dourado name in about 34°. 72, 96, 97, 103, 122. BOAT ISLAND, in Admiralty [Yakutat] Bay, Alaska. 830. an inlet on Vancouver Island, north of 801. BODEGA, BOCA DE LA. This name appears on López de Haro's Plano Reducido of 1792 for what is shown on Eliza's map of 1791 as the "Boca de Florida Blanca" at the head of Boundary Bay, Wash. It wasno doubt named after Bodega y Quadra. 784, 796. BODEGA, PUNTA DE LA (Bodega Head, California).. 769. BOCA CHICA,

Cape Cook.

BODEGA, PUNTA DE LA, a name on the mainland of British Columbia at the entrance of an inlet on Eliza'smap of 1791. An opening is left between this punta and the Islas de Lángara to the south. The punta then was most likely the present Pt. Atkinson and the opening Burrard Inlet. The name must have been given: by Narváez in the early part of July, 1791. 779. BODEGA Y CUADRA, PUERTO DE (Port Discovery, Wash.). The name appears in this form on López de Haro's Plano of 1790, and on his Carta of the same year as the "Puerto de Cuadra". The name was given, by Quimper in 1790. 749, 750. BOISÉE, P T E . (Cape Cook). This is simply L a Pérouse's French for "Woody Point". 838, 839, 840, 844. BOISET, P T .

(Cape Cook).

BONCAIRE.

42.

772, 780, 800.

B O N E T E , PUNTA (Pt. Bonita at entrance to Golden Gate, California).

Bonete—bonnet.

827. (Bonita Island off Banks Island, B . C.). It was no doubt named by Caamaño in 1792 after Antonio Bonilla, the secretary of the viceroyalty in New Spain. The name was adopted by Vancouver. 801, 855. BONILLA, ISLA DE

(either Shuyak Island, Alaska, or a small one near it). The name first appears on Bodega's map of 1791. No mention of the name or any island in the vicinity occurs in the accounts of the Spanish expeditions of 1779, 1788, or 1790, so th& origin is unknown to me. 772, 800. BONILLA, ISLAS DE (Smith's Island and Minor Island,. Wash.). The name was given in 1791, probably by Narváez or Eliza, no doubt in honor of AntonioBonilla. 779, 833. BONILLA, ISLA DE

434 BONNENUIT,

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E N O R T H W E S T COAST OF A M E R I C A apparently

an

error

for

"Bon

Année",

that is "Nouvel An", the "Ano Nuevo" of Kino. 511. BOR, ENS[enada], a name which I have not been able to fully decipher but this is what it seems to be. The name immediately following on the map seems to be a part of a name of a saint as Sta can be made out. From the location on the map I conclude that it probably represents an inscription on the Palacios plan " B a i a de Sta Marina". 327. BOURDIEUS BAY (Kamishak Bay) in the southwestern part of Cook Inlet, Alaska. Not being mentioned in Vancouver's text, I suspect it was given by George Dixon in 1787. 857, 860. BOUSSOLE, P T E . DE, a name on the map of the northwest coast in the atlas to the voyage of L a Pérouse for a point which lies nearly fifty miles west of the entrance to Yakutat Bay. The Boussole was one of L a Pérouse's ships, but I do not find any account in his narrative of his giving this name to any point. It was probably added at the time the map was drawn in Paris. Under the circumstances it is rather useless to attempt to identify it, especially as the topography delineated on the map in this vicinity is entirely erroneous. It was adopted however on the Galiano map of 1802 and Dr. Davidson thought it represented Vancouver's Pt. Manby. 8 4 0 , 8 4 1 , 8 6 1 , 8 6 2 . BOYSE, PUNTA DE (Cape Cook on the western side of Vancouver Island, B. C.), obviously a translation of Cook's "Woody Point". Another translation appeared on Galiano's map of 1795 as "Frondoso". 761, 762, 779, 784, 796, 801. BRABE, R I O . BRAVA, COSTA,

163, 167, 174, 182, 194, 201.

just south of San Diego Harbor, Calif.

718c. BRAVA, COSTA, on the Ortelius map of 1589 in about 45°, later found on other maps in 52°. 153, 156, 216, 229, 232, 239, 253, 272, 287, 339. BRAVA, COSTA and C : DELLA COSTA, in 45%', no doubt from Ortelius' name of 1589. 352d. BRAVA, LA TIERRA, on the Maris Pacifici of Ortelius of 1589, in about 39°, on the Hogenberg map in about 4 0 ^ ° . 152, 153, 156, 159, 189, 232. BRAVO, PUERTO (Bold Harbour, south side of Vancouver Island), in 49°. 595,614. BRAVO, R I O , a favorite name in the imaginary geography of the northwest coast; two of them appear on O r t e l i u s ' Maris

Pacifici,

o n e in 3 5 ° a n d the other

in

42/4°. The latter no doubt is the one shown on the Hogenberg map in 41° and also on the Plancius map and those derived from it. 152, 153(2) (both a Rio

bravo and a Rio brava occur on this map), 1 5 6 ( 2 ) , 159, 183, 224, 2 3 2 ( 2 ) . an error for Breakers Point, near 744. B R E A K E R S POINT, at the entrance to Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. The name was given by Capt. James Cook about March 29, 1778. He located it in 49° 15' and 126° 40'. This does not help the location of it as on the large chart of the voyage it occupies the position of the present Pt. Esteban and on the small chart of Nootka Sound it is shown as a point a mile or two north of the entrance. Adopted by Vancouver for Pt. Esteban. 698, 699, 706, 732, 758a, 759, 810, 830, 831, 854, 860. BREAKERS ISLAND,

Nootka Sound.

BRENES, ISLA DE. The name appears on Camacho's map of 1779, showing the results of the Arteaga expedition and was named after himself. It is certain that the upper part of this is Shuyak Island, Alaska, and I think the lower part is part of Kodiak, the separation between them not being visible to Arteaga who was at some distance to the east of them. 668, 834, 835. BRILLANTES, MONTAGNAS, in Cook Inlet, Alaska, for Cook's "Burning Mountain". 690. BRISANTS, P T E . DES, the north point of North Island, or Langara Island as on U. S. charts. It is the south point of Dixon Entrance. La Pérouse, who gave it this name apparently, as it appears on the chart of his voyage, was in this neighborhood August 10 and 11, 1786.

Brisants—breakers. 840, 841. (Estevan Point). This is simply La Pérouse's French for Cook's "Breakers Point". 840, 844. BROOKS HARBOUR, in Port Etches, Alaska, named by Portlock while there in May, 1787. 739. BROOKS, PORT or BAY (Klaskish Inlet on west coast of Vancouver Island, according to Capt. Walbran). Named by Charles Duncan August 5, 1788. See Brucks, Puerto de. 726 (plan), 744, 758a, 780 (plan), 830, 831, 861. BRISANTS, P T E .

BROWN, P T . , north point of Grays Harbor, Wash., in 46° 58', named by Joseph Whidbey October 20, 1792, after Captain Brown, R. N. 854,860.

probably Aristizabal Island, named by James Hanna in 1786. 722b. BRUCE'S ISLAND. Hanna's name for one of the group now known as "Scott Islands". He probably intended it for the modern Lanz Island. 722b. BROWN'S ISLAND,

BRUCKS, PUERTO DE

Vancouver Island).

(Brooks Bay on the west side of The Spanish map clearly shows

435

O B S O L E T E P L A C E NAMES

it to be Brooks Bay, and not Klaskish Inlet. 777 (plan), 801, 816, 832, 833. BRUTA, TIERA, in about 40°. 164. BRYANT, PT., south entrance to McLeod's Harbor on the west side of Montague Island, Alaska, named by Portlock while in the bay April 24-May 1, 1787, but only shown on the chart. It was probably named after Bryant, the mate of the Nootka who was there in her longboat. 743. B U A C H E , CAP, a name given by La Perouse about August 22, 1786, to some point on the east side of Moresby Island, opposite, he said, Port Necker. It is somewhere near Lyell Island. Philippe Buache de la Neuville, the son of Philippe Buache, at this time was a leading French geographer. 840, 844. BUCARELI, RADA DE, a small roadstead just under Pt. Grenville, Wash., near where the men from the schooner Sonora were butchered by the Indians July 14, 1775. The name was obviously given in honor of the Viceroy and an observation made at noon showed the latitude to be 47° 25'. The name was afterwards abandoned for the much more important Rada de Bucareli farther north, discovered by Bodega a short time later. 645, 785, 829. BUCCLUGHS SOUND. This name was given by Douglas June 8, 1789. It seems to have included the arm between Cape Chacon and Cape Fox, that is to say, Clarence Strait and Revillagigedo Channel. It was enclosed by two capes, Cape Farmer and Cape Murray, described by Douglas as in 54° 35' and 54° 43' and nearly a degree of longitude apart. There is an interesting note in the Alaska Pilot for 1883, page 64, regarding the identification of these different places. According to this Cape Murray was in all probability Cape Chacon, while Cape Farmer was one of the northern points oT Dundas Island. The latter is sufficiently evident on account of the reference to the island off this point which Douglas called "Petrie's Island" the modern Zayas Island. It is possible, however, that Cape Murray was not Cape Chacon but Pt. Nunez. This is a little south of Cape Chacon and the Haines Cove of the Meares map, which lies to the east of it would then be Nichols Bay, whereas if Cape Chacon was Cape Murray there is the whole breadth of Clarence Strait to the east of it and the nearest inlet to the cape off this strait does not agree with Douglas' description. 758, 758a, 759, 811, 830. BUCHON, BAHIA DE (San Luis Obispo Bay, Calif.), so referred to by Palou in his letter to Verger November 26, 1772. (Bolton, Hist. Mem., IV, 317). The name was derived from an incident during the Portola expe-

dition of 1769 as they met an Indian in Price Canon with a large goiter. Buchon—goiter. BUCHON, SIERRA DE [or Mt.], first on Costansó's map of 1770. It is still so referred to but on the maps it is now usually shown as the San Luis Range. 620, 625, 856, 860. B U C K L E Y S COVE, perhaps intended for modern Nitinat, though that name also appears on the map, but much too far up the Strait of Juan de Fuca. 830, 831. B[uel]TA, [Vuelta], Rio DE LA, Spanish translation of Turnagain Arm of Cook. 711, 800, 829. B U E L T A S , ISLA DE LAS. This name only appears on the 1793 map showing the results of Galiano's expedition, attached to a small island, probably Dent Island, in the present Cordero Channel, B. C., no doubt given because here the Sutil made three turns (bueltas), in an eddy. 816. BUEN ABRIGO, PUERTO DEL, a small cove in the Puerto de Santiago, Hinchinbrook Island, Alaska, on the plan of the port of 1779. It was here probably that Arteaga's vessels were anchored, although no anchor is shown in it. Two of these appear practically at the entrance of the port on the south side. 665. B U E N A Y R E , ISLA, in southwest corner of Port Refuge in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not found in the narratives of the 1779 expedition.

Buen Ayre—good air. 661, 662, 663, 719. TIEMPO, CABO (Cape Fairweather of Cook). The name, an obvious translation of Cook's Fairweather, appears on Malaspina's manuscript chart of 1791 in almost the exact latitude of Cape Fairweather, and Mount Fairweather is also shown about east northeast of the point. 711, 786, 800, 861, 862. BUENA EMCEADA, on Vaz Dourado's map in about the same position as his Rincon. 72. BUENA ESPERANZA, BAHIA DE (Esperanza Inlet, Vancouver Island, B. C.). This is the inlet called "Hope Bay" by Cook in 1778. The Spanish name which means "Good Hope" seems to have been sort of a translation of this made in 1790 when some pilot examined this coast. A plan of the bay made in July, 1790, exists in the A. G. M. and an inset plan of it can be found on Eliza's chart of 1791, made from the exploration of the bay in August by Espinosa and Ceballos. 776, 779, 780, 784, 792 (plan), 794, 796, 800, 801, 814, 816, 829, 832, 833. BUENA G E N T E , ISLA DE (Terminal Island in San Pedro Bay, California). 798. BUEN

BUENA, TIERA. BUENA VISTA,

122.

in about 37° 30'.

166, 181.

436 BUÉNAS GRANDES, ISLLAS.

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E N O R T H W E S T COAST OF A M E R I C A 122.

BUENAS MUGERES, PUERTO DE ( L u x a n a B a y ,

Moresby

Island, B. C.), 780. BUENO, RO, a Vaz Dourado name in about 38°. 122. BUENOS AIRES, a Vaz Dourado name in about 34°. 72, 88,96,97,103,122(2). BUENPAS, a name on the Hondius Globe of 1600 in about 27°. It is obviously an error for something but for just what I cannot imagine. However, on the map of André Homem of 1559, we find some letters in this same position which might be mistaken for the above. On the Hondius map of 1611, it appears as "Buencas", which does not help us. 216, 255. BULFINCH'S HARBOR (Gray's Harbor), named by Robert Gray after Charles Bui finch, one of his owners, May 7, 1792. 808. BULFINCH'S SOUND (Nasparti Inlet, Vancouver Island). It may, however, be the Bulfinch's Harbor, said in Thompson's Geog. Diet. to have been discovered by Joseph Ingraham, although this is doubtful as what is now Nasparti Inlet appears on Ingraham's chart as "Chicklaset". Haswell refers to it September 16, 1791. BURGOS, BAHIA DE, the bay between Cape Suckling and Kayak Island at the entrance to Controller Bay. A Malaspina name not used later. 786. BURNING MOUNTAIN ( I l i a m n a ) A l a s k a .

675, 691.

BUSTAMANTE, BRAZO DE (Theodosia Arm near Desolation Sound, B. C.), so named about July 1, probably by Valdés while exploring the neighborhood, after José Bustamante one of his companions on the Malaspina expedition. Walbran identifies it as Wootten Bay at the head of Lancelot Arm. 816, 832, 833, 861. BUSTAMANTE, ISLA DE (Bligh Island in Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island). 792. CAAMANO, BOCA DE (Admiralty Inlet at the entrance to Puget Sound, Wash.), a name given by Eliza in 1791 to the Ensenada de Caamano. 779, 784, 796, 800, 833, 861. CAAMANO, ENSENADA DE, the bay between Wilson Point and Whidbey Island, named by Quimper in 1790. It first occurs on Lopez de Haro's Carta Reducida of 1790. In 1791 Eliza changed the name to Ensenada y Boca de Caamano and as "Boca de Caamano" it appears on subsequent maps. 749, 750, 779. CAAMANO, PUNTA, a name given by Caamano July 23, 1792, apparently to the southernmost point of Cleveland Peninsula in Clarence Strait, Alaska, as Vancouver who had Caamano's chart so located it, although Caamano did not sail that far north. His map shows it in this general locality on the east side of

the mouth of his Entrada de Nuestra Señora del Carmen, that is Clarence Strait. 801, 855. CABETAS, C: and R. Dudley names in about 31°. 352c. CABÓ, BAIA DEL, for Palacios' " B a i a Grande Cerca del Cabo" [Mendocino}. 327, 350. CABRILLO, B. DE, on Tatton's maps in about 38°. His names on this part of the coast are misplaced so it is impossible to say what it is supposed to represent. 217, 219. CALENES, YS: DE, Cabot's name for the "Cazones". 10, 2 1 ( ? ) . CACONES, ISLA DE, Gallego's name in the account of Mendaña's expedition for the Cazones. The word was probably written "Cagones" in the original. ( S p V , p. 122). CADERO, RIO, an error for Trocadero, q.v. in List No. 1. CADIAK, (Kodiak). 800. CADIGATE, RO DE, in about 26J4°- 554. CADRERU, PR., a Latinization of "Cabo de Isla de los Cedros" on the Morisot map of 1643 in about 25°. 348. CALAHONDA, [ R i o ] , a creek on the east side of Disenchantment Bay in Yakutat Bay, Alaska, so named by Malaspina July 3, 1791, because of deep water off it. CALAMIDAD, ISLA (Banks Island, east side of Hecate Strait in British Columbia). Caamaño sighted it July 29, 1792, and as he speaks of Captain Colnett and his opinion that this was the way to reach the famous Strait of Fonte and the name in the narrative is not underscored it is possible that Colnett had named the island "Calamity", although it was named " B a n k s " in 1788. A Calamity Bay still exists at the south end of the island, possibly the same Calamity Harbour drawn by Johnstone in 1787, when he was there with Colnett for some two months. 780, 801, 861. CALAMITY HARBOUR, south end of Banks Island, B. C. 855. CALDERA, LA, a small cove in the Puerto de Santiago^ that is Port Etches, Alaska. 665. CALIFERNIA, a name applied to the northern part of North America within the Arctic Circle on Jode's maps. 169, 170, 177. CALIFORMIA,

PUNTA

or

CABO DE, a

name

evidently

first applied to Cabo Pulmo or more likely to the Frayles about four miles to the south. The earliest unquestioned use of the name appears on Diego Gutiérrez' map of 1562 as C [ a b o ] Califormia. The name was shifted to the present Cabo San Lucas by

OBSOLETE PLACE

Ortelius in 1564. In 1569 it was adopted by Mercator, who called it "California alijs Punta de vallenas". In this Mercator was in error. It is true that he copied the legend of Gomara reversed but applied it to the wrong cape, namely the southeastern one. This was never known as " V a l l e n a s " or " B a l l e n a s " except by error. He probably attached it to this point following Gutiérrez and in order to make way for the Puerto de S. Lucas, which he located at the southwestern cape. Ortelius reverted to the name Califormia and the name either spelled thus or correctly continued to appear on maps for the southwest cape until 1600. On the Hakluyt 1587 map it is labeled "Punctû". On Dee's map of 1580 it is attached to the southeast cape and spelled " C a l i f o r m i a " . Mercator's name " S a n L u c a s " finally displaced it entirely. It was perhaps first used on the Vallicelliana map. On the Sgrooten map " C . Califormia" is an alternative for " P . Vallenas". 21, 63, 77, 80, 81, 92, 111, 114, 115, 117, 120, 131, 144a, 144c, 145, 156, 157a, 167, 175, 179, 186c, 194, 218, 219, 224, 239, 244, 253, 255, 272, 339, 391. CALIFORNIA, COSTA DI, a name written along entire length of California. 384.

the

CALIFORNIA, PUERTO, DE, a name applied by Ladrillero ( S p V . , p. 6 4 ) , to some port obviously at or near the southeastern point of the Peninsula of California, very likely the small bay under the Frayles. When Cabrillo reached this neighborhood a "Punta de Calif o r n i a " is also mentioned and Herrera in his account of the voyage speaks of a "Puerto del Marqués del Valle called L a Cruz". Mendoza in his letter of March 10, 1542, speaks of Bolaños being at the Isla del Marques, I think undoubtedly in the same port that Ladrillero referred to. The Isla del Marqués of course was the one that had been discovered by Cortés, at first thought to be an island and the L a Cruz of Herrera was Cortés' own name for the country to which he conducted an expedition. I have always considered the fact that Herrera, who evidently had access to an original narrative of Cabrillo's voyage, did not use the expression "Puerto de California" was good evidence that the name had been interpolated in the summary of the voyage, just as it is probable that Ladrillero who testified much later used the expression retroactively. See California in List No. 1 f o r a discussion of its first use. CALIFORNIAS, GOLFO DE LAS. This name first appeared on a map, obviously Spanish, affording an indication that the name was then in use in Spain. 60.

437

NAMES

CALIFORNIE [Californe], found on French maps for "California". CALINAS,

C.

or

COSTA

DE,

an

error

for

"Calmas".

229 ( 2 ) , 255, 287. CALIPORNIA.

326.

CALMAS, [Calinas, and Calinos], COSTA, a name on the Hondius Globe of 1600 and that of 1617 in about 32°, and on later maps of that type in 42°. 216, 239, 253, 308, 339, 366, 391 ( 2 ) . CALMIFOR, error for " C a l i f o r n i a " . 200b. CALVARIO, EL, a mountain, evidently Sharp Peak just south of the U. S. boundary line. 236, 327. CAMACHO, CANAL DE (Cridge Pass between Fin and Farrant islands, B. C . ) . 807. CAMACHO, CANAL DE (Unalga Pass, A l a s k a ) , so named by Martinez about J u l y 22, 1788, in honor of one of his pilots. CAMACHO, ISLA DE, named by Arteaga after his first pilot in early August, 1779. Afognak Island is drawn so out of place on Camacho's map that I have grave doubts about this being Marmot Island, as identified by Baker. It has more the appearance of being Afognak Island proper, while the Islas de Cañizares might be considered to be the mountains on the west side of Afognak. The south point is in 58° 12'. 668, 707, 834, 835. CAMARONES, R . , i n a b o u t 3 6 ° .

164.

CAMBON, CABO, northwest side of San J u a n Bautista Island in Bucareli Bay, Alaska, named by Mourelle in 1779 probably after Fr. Benito Cambón, a Franciscan in Upper California. Not mentioned in the narratives. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CAMBON, PUNTA, s h o w n

on

Pantoja's

map

of

1782

about two miles east of the entrance of the Estero de Mescaltitan, on the Santa Barbara Channel. The point has now no name. The name was given no doubt in honor of Fr. Cambón. 683, 686a. CAMINO, PUNTA DE, o n E l i z a ' s

map

of

1791 on

the

east side of the Gulf of Georgia, almost due north of the west end of Texada Island. Narváez only saw this from a distance and it is not certain whether it represents Harwood Island, which is rather low or some high mountain on the mainland to the east of it. 779. CAMPO ALANGE, ISLA DE

(Hernando

Island

(?),

on

Pantoja's and Eliza's maps for an island in the northern part of the Gulf of Georgia. It was only seen at a distance by Narváez in July, 1791. The Conde de Campo de Alange was then minister of war in Madrid. 779, 784, 796. CANAOS, B., an error for " C a n o a s " .

17, 61.

438

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

CANARCO, ANCÓN DE. CANARIO, ANCÓN DE,

34°.

72, 97, 103, 122.

a Vaz Dourado name in about

88.

in east part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska, near entrance to Trocadero Bay. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. Cañas—canes (plants). 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CAÑAS, PUNTA DE, the name for the north point of Kayak Island on the inset and the south point on the larger Pantoja map of 1779. In 1802 on the map in the atlas to the voyage of the Sutil and Mexicana it represents Cape St. Elias in 59° 50'. Its origin is unknown. 669, 670, 834, 835, 861. CAÑAVERAL, BOCA DE, in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island, at the head of the western extremity of the sound, no doubt named by Narváez who explored this sound about the first part of July, 1791. Vancouver adopted this name in the Spanish form except that he misspelled it "Cañavera". Joaquin Cañaveral was a teniente general in the Spanish naval service who died in 1816. It appears to be the present "Toquart Harbor". 779, 854. CAÑAS, ISLA DE,

PUERTO DE, on the west side of Pitt Island in Principe Channel, B. C. It was probably at the mouth of Petrel Channel between McCauley and Pitt islands, and no doubt named after Joaquin Cañaveral. Caamaño passed it July 30, but does not mention it in his narrative. On some charts like Vancouver's it appears as "Canaveral". 801, 855. CANEL, RIO DE, Wash., a name appearing on both the López de Haro maps of the Quimper expedition of 1790. Quimper himself does not mention it in his diary, but from the location on the map it could not be the present Canel River or Pysht or Fish River, different names for the same stream. It occupies the position of about the present Twin Creek. On the 1795 map it does represent the present Canel River. The name was no doubt given in honor of Sebastian Canel, an ensign in the expedition to the Rio de la Plata in 1769, and later an officer of some note in the Spanish navy. 749, 750, 779, 833, 861. CAÑIZARES, CABO. This name appears on both Bodega maps of 1791 and 1792 in about the position of Cape Cuprianof on the south side of the Peninsula of Alaska in about latitude 55° 40'. No mention of the cape occurs in the accounts of the expedition of 1788 unless it may be inferred that this was the Cabo de Alvides of López de Haro. There are so many islands however in this locality and south of Cape Cuprianof that it may have been on one of these, although no doubt the map of this part of the coast was drawn CAÑAVERAL,

from a Russian map. Cañizares did not accompany the expedition. 772, 800. These islands appear on Camacho's map showing the results of the expedition of 1779, west of the Isla de Brenes. They seem to be part of Afognak Island, Alaska, but they may represent the western part of Shuyak Island. José de Cañizares was first pilot on the Favorita of that expedition. 668, 834, 835. CAÑIZARES, ISLAS DE.

(Pt. Whitshed, opposite Hinchinbrook Island, Alaska). The name appears on several maps and was probably named by Fidalgo's pilots June 7, 1790, after José Cañizares. The pilots passed south through the channel between Hawkins and Hinchinbrook islands and noted the sand banks to the east. The point could not have escaped their notice. 772, 786, 800. CANIZEO, Y S L A , an island south of Ysla Abrigada on the Wells derrotero. On 455 the island is named " S e c a " . 548. CANOA, PUNTA DE LA, on Prince of Wales Island, in east part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska, near the entrance to Trocadero Bay. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. Canoa—canoe. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CANOAS, ENSENADA DE, the Bahia de San Francisco of Vizcaino. 236. CANOAS, I. DE, an error for "Pueblo de las Canoas". 502. CANOAS [Canaos], P[ueblo] DE LAS, an Indian village near Pt. Mugu, Calif., named by Cabrillo who discovered it October 10, 1542. It first appeared on the Homem map of 1559, and next in 1592 on the Molyneux Globe in 36° 41' and the Laet map of 1630. Translated into French as "Village des Canots" it was adopted by Delisle with other Cabrillo names from Laet's map. 42, 166, 219, 309, 378, 509, 568. CANOAS, P. DE, a correction for the "Cenoas" of Briggs, first made on Blaeu's map of 1648. 354, 372, 382, 389, 395, 405. CAÑIZARES, PUNTA

[Canoas], B. or P. DE, for " P . de Canoas" on the east coast of the Peninsula of California. It appears on the map in the Ayer Agnese type atlas of 1556. It is probably the "Cenoas" of Briggs. 37, 45, 56, 57, 66, 69 ( 2 ) , 74, 84 ( ? ) , 92 ( ? ) , 98 ( ? ) , 115, 117, 125, 378, 434. CÁNONES, I. DE, probably intended for "Cazones". 38. CANONIGO, BAHIA DEL or BRAZO DE (Forward Harbor in Wellbore Channel, B. C . ) . It was named by Valdés of the Galiano expedition about July 27, 1792, CANONS

O B S O L E T E P L A C E NAMES

probably after some canonigo named " F l o r e s " as this name was given to an adjoining bay. 816, 832, 861. CANOTS, VILLAGE DES, French for Cabrillo's "Pueblo de Canoas", q.v. 459, 460, 480, 486, 555. CANTIL, E L (San Simeon Creek which enters the ocean east of San Simeon Point, California). The name was given by the soldiers of the Portolá expedition September 11, 1769, probably on account of the steep cliffs adjoining it as the name means a steep rock. It seems to have first appeared on Mascaró's map of 1782. 681. CANTIL BLANCO [Punta], (Fort Point, Golden Gate, San Francisco B a y ) . This point was more frequently known as "Punta de San Joseph", q.v. 653, 827, 846. CAPITANA, ISLA, a name given San Miguel Island by Cabrillo according to one of his companions. SpV, p. 336.

B : DEL, a Dudley name in about 30j/2°. 352c. in about 42°. 350. CAPONETA, [Cajoneta], PUNTA, on north side of St. Ignace Island in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. An old way of spelling "Acaponeta". 662, 663, 719, 843. CARABELA, LA, in latitude 42° 10'. 785. CARACOL, PUNTA DEL (Snail Point), on San Fernando Island, Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. On the U. S. charts this is shown on a Caracol Island. CAPO,

CAPO, BAIA DEL,

Caracol—periwinkle. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. or ANGOSTURA DE (part of Cordero Channel, B. C.), named about July 19, 1792, in honor of Ciriaco González Carbajal by Galiano, as he says that he rendered them very opportune services. It is here that the famous Yaculta Rapids are found or at least the western part of them. González Carbajal was a Sevillian who had gone to the Philippines in 1774 as oidor de audiencia, afterward coming to Mexico in a corresponding position where he remained until 1808. 816, 832. CARDENAS, BAHIA DE or BRAZO DE (Port Neville on the mainland, B. C. coast). Galiano anchored in front of it in Johnstone Strait July 29, 1792, and named the place perhaps after Pedro Cárdenas, a capitan de fragata in the Brazil expedition of 1776-7, and later a jefe de escuadra. 816, 832, 833, 861. CARDERÒ, CANAL DE, an error for Cordero. 816, 832. CARDON, or CARDONES, ISLA DEL, the name of some of Cortés' men for California, peculiarly appropriate as near his camp were immense forests of cardones, the Spanish name for the giant cactus, or possibly any columnar cactus. SpV, p. 304. CARBAJAL, CANAL DE

439

CAREENING HARBOR (Port Chalmers, Montague Island, Alaska), Dixon's name for it as his ships were careened here. 732. CARINDE, [Carin, Carinda, Carindo], P. DE, an error on the Briggs map for "Carmelo" just south of Monterey. This error was perpetuated on hundreds of maps. On the map in the West-Indische Spieghel both P. de Carinde and P. de Carinda occur. 292 ( 2 ) , 295, 301b, 308, 314, 330, 354, 360, 366, 368, 374, 378, 382, 385a, 395, 404, 405, 429, 434, 436, 462, 505, 511, 512, 523, 532, 543, 548, 564, 566, 571. CARMELITA, ENSENADA DEL, the small bay, perhaps Richardson Bay, west of Lime Point in San Francisco Bay. 640, 653, 667, 678, 748a, 770, 846. CARMELITA, ISLA DE, the westernmost of the Santa Barbara Channel islands, possibly a corruption of the punta of 622. 748b.

CARMELITAS, P. DE, applied to a point on one of the Santa Barbara Channel islands. 622. CARMELO, BOCAS DEL (Howe Sound, B. C . ) , no doubt named by Narváez about July 16, 1791, the day of Nuestra Señora del Carmen. 779, 784, 796, 800, 833, 861. CARMELO, ENSENADA DEL, o r A N S E DU CARMEL

mel B a y ) .

(Car-

625, 704, 790, 800, 845. CARMELO, GEBERGTE VAN or SIERRA, the mountains at the southern end of the Peninsula of California. 462, 511, 552, 608, 716. CARMELO, GRAN MONTAÑA DE (Mount Baker in the State of Washington). A name given this conspicuous mountain by Quimper in 1790, no doubt on her day July 16. He was then in the eastern part of the strait, but makes no mention of the mountain in his diary. 749. CARMEN, or CARMEL, ISLA DEL (Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay, California), probably named by José Cañizares in 1776. 653, 667, 770, 846. CARMEN, ISLA DEL (Kayak Island, Alaska, at the south entrance of Controller B a y ) , named by Arteaga about July 16, 1779, in honor of the saint whose day it is. 668, 669, 711, 768, 772, 800, 814, 834, 835. CARRASCO, ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE (Barkley Sound, B. C . ) , 784, 796. CARRASCO, BAIA DE or BOCA DE or PUERTO DE (Barkley Sound on the southwest coast of Vancouver Island), so named no doubt by José Maria Narváez in 1789, after the pilot, Juan Carrasco. Vancouver adopted the name but not for the sound. He put it inside on the land. See Nitinat. 750, 800, 814, 854. CARRASCO, ISLA (Protection Island just north of Clallam Point in the Strait of Juan de Fuca), named by

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

440

Q u i m p e r about J u l y 11, 1790, in honor of J u a n Car-

ished.

rasco, his second pilot.

expedition.

CARRASCO, ISLA DE.

749, 750, 779, 833.

A n a m e a p p l i e d to an i s l a n d

outside B o d e g a B a y , C a l i f .

756.

CARRE, ISLA DE LA, a n a m e f o r I s l a Cedros which a p p e a r e d on the B r i g g s m a p and its v a r i o u s derivatives.

It would a p p e a r to be a corruption of " C e r r o s "

but inasmuch a s B r i g g s copied a m a p of Father Ascension who e m p l o y e d the n a m e Cedros f o r the i s l a n d it is p r o b a b l e that Cedros w a s very b a d l y written on the original chart.

292, 295, 301b, 332, 360, 3 6 8 ,

3 7 4 , 395, 418, 429, 434, 436, 511. CARRIAZO, BOCAS DE ( S u r f a n d Racey inlets in Princ e s s R o y a l Island, B . C . ) . on C a a m a ñ o ' s chart of in the text.

T h e n a m e only a p p e a r s

1792, not being

mentioned

P e d r o Carriazo w a s one of the officers

in the A r g e l expedition of 1784.

801.

CARRILLO, PUNTA DE, the north point at the entrance

Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1 7 7 9

Castigo—punishment.

661, 662, 663, 719, 8 4 3 .

CASTILLA, ENSENADA DE, shown on M a l a s p i n a ' s manuscript chart in about 58° 4 3 ' .

It is difficult to identify,

a s there seems to be no b a y of any importance on this p a r t of the coast.

The n a m e a p p e a r s on the m a p of

1802 in the atlas to the v o y a g e of the Sutil

a n d Mexicana. In the A p p e n d i x to this the latitude is a l s o given as 58° 4 3 ' . 786, 8 6 1 . CATALA, I. DE, in about 49° 49', in E s p e r a n z a Inlet, no doubt named

for

Fr. Magin

c h a p l a i n at N o o t k a in 1790. CATO, A G U B E L A DE.

See

Catalá,

who

was

861.

Gato, Agubela

de.

CAUDOLOSO, RIO, a n a m e f o r the outlet of K e n n e d y L a k e in Tofino Inlet, in Clayoquot S o u n d , Vancouver Island. Caudoloso—copious.

779, 797.

CAUO [ C a b o ] , in about 35°.

T h e r e a r e a few of

t o P o r t Zaikof on Montague Island, A l a s k a , named

Agnese's n a m e s on this m a p on the coast.

about August 1, 1779, by A r t e a g a , p e r h a p s after one

CAVALLO, C., on the west coast of Lower C a l i f o r n i a .

o f the C a r r i l l o s then in C a l i f o r n i a .

42.

now without a name.

A p p a r e n t l y it is

668, 835.

CAYUELA Ó DE HARO, PUERTO DE ( C l a y o q u o t S o u n d o n

CARRIZALES, PUNTA DE, a t e n t r a n c e t o P o r t S a n

tonio in Bucareli B a y , A l a s k a .

An-

Not mentioned in the

n a r r a t i v e s of the 1779 expedition. C a r r i z a l — a p l a c e of reed g r a s s .

663,

•CASA GRANDE, RANCHERÍA DE LA, a n a m e g i v e n b y t h e

s o l d i e r s of the P o r t o l á expedition to an Indian vill a g e in which there was a l a r g e spherical

house,

p r o b a b l y on Gazos Creek about five miles north of muceno".

It w a s also n a m e d " S a n J u a n Nepo-

Dr. Davidson, however, was firmly of the

opinion that the settlement w a s j u s t east of

Pigeon

Point. PUNTA DE

(Berry

Point,

the

northeast

point of G a b r i o l a Island, Vancouver I s l a n d , B . C . ) , n o doubt named b y Narváez in J u l y , 1791, in honor of Francisco J a v i e r E v e r a r d o T i l l y , the M a r q u é s de C a s a T i l l y , a teniente general of 1776.

in the Brazil expedition

779.

CASCALES, PUNTA, in the Puerto de S a n t i a g o , Hinchinb r o o k Island, A l a s k a .

Cascales is p r o b a b l y an error

f o r " C a s c a j a l e s " , a p l a c e f u l l of p e b b l e s .

665.

'GASONES, PUNTA, frequently a p p e a r i n g f o r " C a z o n e s " . CASTIGO, PUNTA DEL (Punishment P o i n t ) , St.

Ignace Island

on B a k e r

I do not know what the " C a y -

u e l a " stands f o r but it no doubt represents an Indian N a r v á e z ' commander, L ó p e z de H a r o .

Narváez came

back J u l y 5, 1789, f r o m a short e x p l o r i n g expedition f r o m N o o t k a to the Strait of J u a n d e F u c a a n d s a i d he h a d named a b a y " H a r o " which must have been this one.

T h e n a m e first m a d e its a p p e a r a n c e ap-

parently on the Carta

Reducida

1790.

On P a n t o j a ' s m a p of

called

"Entrada

de

Cayuela".

of L ó p e z de H a r o of 1 7 9 1 the entrance There

are

is

various

s p e l l i n g s of the name Cayuela, Clayucuat, etc.

750,

7 5 2 ( p l a n ) , 784, 796. CAZANES, R I O DI a n d I S O L E DI, i n a b o u t 3 0 J/2 ° a n d 3 0 ° ,

C a s a g r a n d e — l a r g e house. CASATILLI,

Vancouver I s l a n d ) .

n a m e while the H a r o p a r t w a s obviously named f o r 661, 662,

7 1 9 , 843.

P t . Año Nuevo.

61.

opposite

Island, B u c a r e l i

Bay,

A l a s k a , p e r h a p s where the two deserters were pun-

D u d l e y ' s error f o r " C a z o n e s " .

352c.

CAZONES, a n a m e which so f a r as we now know a p p e a r e d on Agnese's m a p of M a y 15, 1542.

first It is

attached to two i s l a n d s slightly northwest of another n a m e d " M a d a l e n a " while just beyond it to the north is P u n t a E n g a ñ o , Lower C a l i f o r n i a .

N o n e of these

n a m e s is mentioned in any account of the U l l o a expedition but it cannot be doubted that they were derived either f r o m some now

unknown

account

of

that expedition or f r o m some m a p showing the results of it.

On subsequent m a p s of Agnese beginning with

the one of F e b r u a r y 13, 1543, an " I s l a R i p a r o " w a s introduced between M a d a l e n a a n d the Cazones.

This

n a m e unquestionably represented I s l a Cedros, under

441

OBSOLETE PLACE NAMES the lee o f which Ulloa's ships so frequently refuge.

took

I f one were to look at this last map

and

CEINTAS, [ C i e n t a ] , I . DE, an error f o r " C e n i z a s "

c o m p a r e it with an actual one of the coast the con-

copied from it.

clusion could hardly be avoided that " C a z o n e s " repre-

3 5 4 , 3 5 9 , 360, 368, 374, 3 7 8 , 3 8 2 , 395, 4 0 4 ,

sented the San Benitos.

4 1 8 , 4 2 4 , 4 2 6 , 4 2 9 , 4 3 4 , 4 3 6 , 4 9 2 , 512, 5 3 2 .

No mention, however, occurs

in the narratives of the expedition of any

islands

first

appearing on the Briggs map and repeated on those Cenizas.

See

CELNEAS OU CEDROS, I . DE.

2 9 2 , 295, 301b, 332, 405,

511.

other than Cedros and those to the south, although it

CENERE, Italian f o r " C e n i z a s " .

can hardly be believed that U l l o a was in this vicinity

CENIZAS [Cenisas, Neblinas ó A n c a l g u a ] ,

f o r such a long time without seeing them.

ISLA, in 30° 2 9 ' , the famous island now known as

On Cabot's

715.

map they appeared just north of the west end of

San

Cedros and as Cabot's map was almost certainly made

named " S a n Agustin", August 28, 1542.

Martin

and

first

discovered

by

[Zeniza],

Cabrillo

and

It almost

from one in the Casa de Contratacion this is further

always appears on the maps just south of the I s l a

•evidence that the name stood f o r the San Benitos. T h e

San Geronimo

~word means dog-fish, a species of small shark particu-

large island, in accordance with the description o f it

larly common in the bay to the east of Cedros, but neither U l l o a or Preciado ever mentions them.

In

the Archives of the Indies in Seville, in the document referred to in Note 15 to Chapter I of SpV,

my

U l l o a was said to have discovered some islands

called " T i b u r o n e s " , that is " S h a r k I s l a n d s " .

Most

certainly these are the " C a z o n e s " of the maps and the expression may have been used as a nickname for what U l l o a called the " I s l a s de San Esteban".

In

the later cartography of the coast the " C a z o n e s " traveled around a great d e a l ; on Mercator's map of 1 5 6 9 they appear opposite San Diego and sometimes are found f a r at sea, even f o r San Clemente. 1 1 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 22, 2 3

2, 4, 8, 9,

( 2 ) , 2 6 , 2 7 , 29, 31,

4 3 , 4 5 , 56, 5 7 , 61, 63, 65, 6 9 , 72, 74, 75, 80, 8 1 , 8 2 , 8 3 , 8 4 , 9 2 , 9 8 , 100, 115, 117, 120, 125, 132, 144a, 144b, 144c, 146, 147, 148, 149, 155, 158, 163, 167, 168, 170, 174, 176, 179, 182, 186, 188,

194,

2 0 1 , 2 0 2 , 216, 222, 2 3 9 , 255, 2 5 8 , 285, 339,

197, 352c,

391, 455. CEDRES [ C e d e s ] , I . DES, F r e n c h f o r Cedros.

129, 4 5 9 ,

About 1556, perhaps first on the map

On

the

Briggs

maps.

was usually attached to an island south of

Riparo

Besides the

maps just alluded to it can be seen on the Ortelius map of 1 5 6 4 , the Zaltieri map of 1 5 6 6 and others. 3 5 , 37, 63, 69, 74, 75, 80, 8 1 , 8 2 , 8 3 , 84, 9 2 , 9 8 , 100, 108, 114, 115, 117, 120, 125, 131, 132, 144a-c, 146, 147, 148, 154, 158, 170, 175, 179, 185,

186a,

188, 194, 197, 2 2 2 , 2 5 8 . CEDROS, CABO DE ISLAS DE LOS, i n a b o u t 2 5 ° .

linas".

Neblinas was really Cedros, so named by

31°.

On Dudley's map it is shown in about 31° 4 5 ' .

3 1 0 , 327, 350, 4 5 9 , 4 6 0 , 4 6 2 , 4 8 0 , 509, 6 0 9 ,

612,

617, 620, 622, 624, 651, 6 5 9 , 660, 673, 6 8 1 ,

694,

703, 7 4 8 b , 8 0 0 , 8 2 5 , 8 2 8 , 8 3 9 , 8 5 6 , 8 6 0 . CENOAS, P . DE, on the Briggs map written across the peninsula just north of the word L a Paz.

188, 2 2 2 , 2 3 9 , 2 5 3 , 2 7 2 , 339, 3 9 1 .

It is an

error f o r " C a n o a s " , one of U l l o a ' s names, and belongs on the east side o f the peninsula.

295, 314, 330.

See Canoas f o r which it is in error.

CENON.

418.

CENOU, [ C a n o u ] , P . DE, a n a m e on the Sanson maps equivalent to " C a n o a s " . CEPEDA, PUNTA DE.

See

3 6 0 , 374, 395, 4 3 4 , 5 1 2 . Zepeda.

861.

CERDOS, ISLA DE LOS ( H o g

Island or San

Rafael),

small

Cove, Nootka

Sound,

place.

island in

Friendly

during their

stay in

a

so that

I do not know the origin of it, unless it was Also known as

"Los

771. 382,

405,

6 0 8 , 617, 620, 622, 6 5 1 , 660, 675, 7 0 3 , 7 1 5 ,

CERROS [ C e r r e s ]

716,

ISLA DE

(Cedros).

378,

7 4 4 , 7 6 8 , 7 7 2 , 8 0 0 , 825, 828, 8 2 9 , 8 3 8 , 8 3 9 , 8 6 2 . CEVALLOS, ISLA (Stuart Island, B. C . ) .

This name

is found in the printed text of the Galiano voyage but not on any of the maps, except f o r a point opposite on the B . C. mainland. CHACON,

PUNTA

Y

See Zevallos, Punta.

BOCAS

DE,

a

name

given

by

Caamano J u l y 23, 1 7 9 2 , to a cape and small port now known

167,

as

Taraval in 1732, who, however, located it in about

Puercos".

which was of course the real Cedros.

appears

The island appears in this neighborhood on

where they kept their pigs.

This name was employed f o r Cedros and

it

Alzate's map of 1768, with the alternative name "Neb-

new arrangement o f these islands began which lasted in 1 5 6 9 .

map

" C e i n t a s " and was industriously so copied on later

o f America in the Ayer atlas of about that year, a f o r some time and was adopted finally by Mercator

a

given by F r . Antonio de la Ascension, printed first in Torquemada.

known to the Spaniards

4 6 0 , 4 6 1 , 4 8 0 , 4 8 6 , 5 2 9 , 543, 5 5 5 . CEDRI, Y DI.

and is usually depicted as quite

as

Cape

Chacon

and

Nichols

Bay,

at

the

southeast end o f P r i n c e of Wales Island, p r o b a b l y in honor of Antonio Chacon, a Spanish fleet commander

442

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

who died in 1803, or possibly José Maria Chacon, a Brigadier in the navy in 1797. Vancouver adopted the name for the cape. 801, 861. CHATHAM, CAPE, a name given by George Dixon July 3, 1787, to some prominent point he saw in the distance. It seems to have been on Dundas Island in Hecate Strait. 732, 736. a group of rocks at the northern entrance of Lituya Bay on La Pérouse's chart of Port des Français. 842. C H E S L A K E E S VILLAGE, an Indian village on Nimpkish River, Vancouver Island, so named by Vancouver after the chief. It was later known as "Whulk" and is now abandoned. There is a view of it in Vancouver's book, Vol. I. 854. CHICA, BOCA, the narrow channel between modern San Rafael Island and the mainland of Friendly Cove, Nootka Sound. 775. CHICA, BOCA (Quatsino Sound, Vancouver Island). 801. CHICKLASET, a doubtful name on Ingraham's map of Quadra's Isles [Vancouver Island], of 1792. Chicklaset was in Nasparti Inlet. 810. CHRISTOBAL for "San Christobal". 378, 382, 405, 671, 672, 675, 691, 736. CHRISTOPHER for " S . Christopher". 532. CHAUSSÉE, L A ,

CHUMADAS, f o r " A h u m a d a s " .

2.

a name on Malaspina's manuscript chart for Cape Suckling in 59° 59'. The word is Spanish for "suckling". 786. CICUIC [Chicuic]. This, or its form Cicue, was Coronado's name for the pueblo in New Mexico afterward known as "Pecos". In the Italian version of the Coronado exploration published by Ramusio the location of this place was not very definitely stated. An impression arose that Coronado marched northwest instead of northeast and consequently the mapmakers in locating the towns mentioned in this narrative put them in a line running northwest. Finally three of these names: Quivira, Cicuic, and Tiguex were transferred to the coast by Mercator on his 1569 map. This map, in the reduction by Ortelius received a wide circulation and was frequently copied, even in the following century. 75, 80, 82, 100, 129, 132, 142b, 144c, 146, 147, 148, 152, 155, 158, 159, 163, 167, 168, 174, 179, 182, 185, 186a, c, 189, 194, 201, 221, 222, 224, 230, 258, 287. CIENEGA. See Siniaga. 861. CLAASET, CAPE (Cape Flattery), so named by Charles Duncan in 1788. 744, 746, 828, 830, 831. CLARA, PUNTA, on the map of Martinez y Zayas of CHUPADOR, CABO,

1793, located in about 39° 50'. As there is no point in that latitude it was probably the present Cape Vizcaino. Zayas was too far from the coast to locate it properly, if indeed it had not been located improperly by some previous navigator. Clara—clear.

818. CLARO, PUERTO, just south of Pt. Whitshed, named by Arteaga in the early part of July, 1779. 668, 669, 834, 835. CLAYOCUAT, ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE (Clayoquot Sound, Vancouver Island), a native name spelled in numerous ways. This is the way Eliza spelled it on his map of 1791 having explored it in May. June 21, 1789, José Maria Narváez set out to explore the coast between Nootka and the strait. According to the Martinez diary of 1789 he evidently named this "Narváez" after himself, but it is probable that Martinez was mistaken as Narváez in 1791 referred to Port San Juan as "Narváez". In 1790 Quimper seems to have named it "Haro" after his pilot, if indeed Narváez had not done so, and under this alternative name it appears on the 1791 charts. 779, 797, 833, 854, 860, 861. CLAYOCUAT, PUERTO DE, Vancouver Island, B . C . There are frequent references to this port in the accounts of the Spanish explorations of 1790 and 1791, but always too vague to enable one to locate it definitely. There is however an inset plan of it on Eliza's map of 1791 and from this it is apparent that it lay in the opening between Vargas Island and the mainland to the southeast of it. Two small islands are found here and on the outer one the settlements are shown near the southern point. The soundings are only shown between this small island and the land to the east and the island to the north. This therefore was the Puerto de Clayocuat. 762, 773 (plan), 779, 780, 797, 810, 854. CLONARD, BAIE DE, a small unnamed cove on the west side of Graham Island, so named by La Pérouse about August 14, 1786. On his map it is located in 53° 53'. The latitude is a little high. It may even be the cove into which the present Otard River empties. Clonard was the name of one of the officers of La Pérouse. 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 844, 861. CLUPANANUL, FONDO DE (Tlupana Arm, Nootka Sound). The name first appears on Malaspina's map of Nootka Sound of 1791, named after an Indian chief. The chief's name is much more accurately given than in the present form. 779, 792. COAL [Cool] BAY in Port Graham, Cook Inlet,

O B S O L E T E P L A C E NAMES

Alaska, named by Portlock who found coal there July 25, 1786. 732, 742, 744, 758a. COCINAS, PUNTA DE (Pt. Cosinas, in Port Assumption, Bucareli Bay, Alaska). 719. CODIA, the name found in Fidalgo's account of his expedition of 1790 for Kodiak. COLLINE, P O I N Í E DE LA. La Pérouse's French for Pt. Loma. 848. COLMAS, B . and C . DI, errors of Dudley for "Calmas". 352c. COLNETT, PUERTO, a name on Bodega's map of 1791, located on the mainland of British Columbia on about the present boundary line between Alaska and British Columbia, apparently the entrance to Portland Inlet. Bodega must have obtained the name from Colnett himself. 772. COLPAS, ISLA DE (Hawkins Island, at the entrance to Prince William Sound, Alaska), named by Arteaga about July 20, 1779. The name appears on the map showing the results of the expedition, and its meaning "copperas" would indicate that some of Arteaga's men were on the island, but there is nothing in any of the narratives to so indicate. 668, 669, 670, 834, 835. COMANDANTES, ANGOSTURA DE LOS, a name given about July 18, 1792, in honor of the two commanders of the Galiano expedition to the narrow passage north of Stuart Island, now known as Arran Rapids, B. C. The tidal current through this channel was supposed to run at a rate of twelve miles per hour. 816, 832. COMPAÑÍA, ISLA DE (Campania Island in Princess Royal Sound, British Columbia), named by Caamaño in August, 1792, and adopted by Vancouver who had his chart. The sound to the southeast of it now bears the same name. Later changed to "Campania", its present name. Notwithstanding the probability that Caamaño named it, it appears on Colnett's chart of 1791. 780, 801, 855. COMPANY BAY in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island, named by Robert Gray, August 26, 1788. COMPRIDA, SIERRA.

272.

CONASSET, an Indian village on Lac Belle, forming part of Delisle's fantastic geography. 562, 566, 571, 572, 677, 817. CONCEPCION, B. DE LA, variation of "Punta Concepción". 469, 543, 544, 545, 547, 563, 564, 585, 606. CONCEPCIÓN, ENSENADA DE LA (COXO Anchorage, California). 785. CONCEPCIÓN, I. DE LA. This name is attached on the André Homem map of 1559 to a large island, the most westernmost of the present Santa Barbara Chan-

443

nel islands. As the day of the Limpissima Concepcion is December 8, whoever gave the name must have been there about that day. Cabrillo was there December 8, 1542, and as some of his other names appear on the map it is possible that the friar who accompanied the expedition gave the name. Its position corresponds to that of San Miguel Island but it is too large. 42. an Indian town near the lagoon which lies between Santa Barbara and Montecito, California. The name was given by the Portola party August 18, 1769, to the lagoon proper, just why is not obvious as the day on which this event is celebrated is December 8. It was the largest village they had yet found on the coast. CONCEPCION DE MARIA SANTISSIMA, a name given by Fr. Crespi August 27, 1769, to a small Indian village reached by the Portola expedition that day, some two or two and one-half leagues northwest of Pt. Conception. It was named "Espada" by the soldiers. CONCHA, FONDO DE, an anchorage July 18, of the ships of the Galiano expedition at the north side of Stuart Island near the entrance to Bute Inlet, B. C., probably named after José Gutierrez de la Concha, one of Malaspina's officers. 816, 832. CONCHA, ISLA DE (Harwood Island just north of Texada Island in the Gulf of Georgia, B. C.). No mention of the island occurs in the narrative of the Galiano expedition but the name appears on most maps of the expedition. It was no doubt named after the same Concha as the Fondeadero. Vancouver named it "Harwood Island". 832, 833, 861. CONCHA, PUNTA DE (Hunter's Point or Pt. Avisadero in San Francisco Bay). 640, 653. CONDE, ISLA DEL (Glacier Island in Prince William Sound, Alaska). According to Fidalgo's account of his expedition this island was at the mouth of the bay which his launch party named "Revilla Gigedo", and was no doubt so named because Revilla Gigedo was a conde. It never appeared on any map to my knowledge.

CONCEPCION, LAGUNA DE LA,

CONIBASSET, [Conchasset], [Pent de Canbassa], PRESQU'ISLE, in Lac Velasco, forming part of Delisle's fantastic geography. 566, 571, 573, 585, 614, 677, 817. CONSOLACION, CALA DE, a cove on the south side of Nigei Island in Goletas Channel, north of Vancouver Island, near Lemon Point. The name was probably given by Galiano about August 26, 1792. It appears on the maps as a cabo. 816, 832.

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

-444

CONSOLACION, ENSENADA DE, ( S a u s a l i t o Cove in S a n

couver Island.

Francisco B a y ) .

Galiano in 1792 but it only appears once.

653,667,770,846.

CONSUCUA, ISLA DE, p r o b a b l y

an e r r o r

for

"Cum-

shewa". The island seems to have been south of the inlet. 780. CONTRACOSTA in about 4 1 ° .

a small island just west of the south end of Banks Island, B. C. I have not been able to identify it positively but it was probably Shrub Island. 801. Controller's Bay.

La

Pérouse's

equivalent

for

839.

CONVERSATION, PT., error for "Conversion".

699,

759. CONVERSION, [ B a y e d e l a ] ,

[ C . d e l a ] , PUNTA DE LA

(Pt. Mugu in 3 4 ° ) . The name was given apparently January 25, 1603, on the return of Vizcaino's San Diego from the north. On the Briggs map depicting the discoveries of the Vizcaino expedition it appears as "Concepcion", duplicating the one farther north. The error was not apparently corrected on printed maps until on Blaeu's map of 1648. It has been generally identified as Pt. Hueneme, following Vancouver. The description of it, however, by Bolaños in his derrotero leaves no doubt that it was Pt. Mugu. 354, 374, 378, 382, 404, 405, 418, 434, 436, 462, 464, 509, 511, 523, 543, 558, 564, 566, 578, 608, 609, 612, 617 (error for Concepcion), 622, 625, 649, 651, 736, 748b, 785, 812, 856, 860. CONVERSION, SIERRA DE, the m o u n t a i n s south o f the

Santa Clara Valley, referred to under this name by Fr. Crespi on the return journey from Monterey in January, 1770, no doubt those which end at Vizcaino's "Punta de la Conversion". COOLIDGE, CAPE, located in Haswell's log in 54°

and 134° 13' W. for 132° 13'.

15'

The longitude is in error possibly

It may have been Cape Chacon.

CORDERO, CANAL DE, the western part of the channel

between Thurlow Island and the B. C. mainland, passed by the Galiano expedition July 26, 1792.

It

was probably named in honor of José Cordero an artist with the expedition.

Walbran erroneously iden-

tified this channel as Yuculta Rapids or at least he states that these rapids are in what is now known as Cordero Channel.

832.

CORDON, PUNTA DEL, the outer sandspit o f

Bay, California.

Bodega

643, 674.

CORDOVA, PUERTO DE ( E s q u i m a u l t H a r b o u r on V a n -

318.

CONTRERAS, ISLA DE, on C a a m a ñ o ' s c h a r t of 1 7 9 2 f o r

•CONTROLE, BAIE DU.

Cordon—cord.

The name must have been given by

The name has now been extended

to cover the channel between Loughborough

Inlet

and the south end of Stuart Island. CORDON, ISI.AS DEL (Gordon I s l a n d s ) , the islands in

line east of Nigei Island off the north side of Van-

couver Island). Quimper took possession of Puerto Valdés June 30, 1790, but did not discover this place until July 19. His boat party examined it July 20, and Quimper gave it the name, perhaps after Luis de Cordova, a prominent Spanish naval official. According to Walbran the name was transferred in 1842 to the bay known as "Cormorant B a y " on the charts but still generally called "Cordova". Quimper did not take possession but Carrasco made a plan of it. 749, 750, 757 (plan), 779, 784, 796, 833, 861. CORDOVA, PUERTO (Orca B a y , A l a s k a ) , so named b y

Fidalgo June 3, 1790, the day he took possession, in honor of Luis de Cordova, the captain general of the navy. The name was adopted by Vancouver and appeared on all charts until 1906, when it was changed to Orca Bay to avoid confusion with Cordova Bay in Dixon Entrance. A plan of it was made. 786, 858, 860. CORINTES [Corrientes], C. DE, a name which first appeared on the west coast of the Peninsula of California on the Ortelius map of 1564 and was copied by Zaltieri, Forlani, 1574, on various maps of Martinez and that of Jode of 1593. It is difficult to say what it was supposed to represent, possibly Cabo San Lazaro, and then again it may have been removed by error from the mainland where it belonged. 63, 64, 69, 74, 92 ( 2 ) , 98, 115, 117, 125, 170, 189. CORIUOSA, probably a corruption of "Corrientes". 134. CORMORANS, ROCHE DES, a group

southern entrance of Lituya Bay, Pérouse's plan of Port des Français.

of

rocks

Alaska, 842.

at

the

on

La

CORRIENTES, CABO DE, a P l a n c i u s name located in

about 41° on his planisphere of 1592 and another in about 60° on his maps of 1590 and 1594, both reproduced on numerous later maps. 163 ( 2 ) , 167 ( 2 ) , 1 7 4 ( 2 ) , 1 8 2 ( 2 ) , 1 9 4 ( 2 ) , 237 (in 4 7 ° ) , 258 (in 4 7 ° ) , 350. CORRIENTES, C. DE. (San Lucas, Lower California). 64. CORRIENTES, GRANDES.

See

G r a n d e s Corrientes.

CORTES, ISLA DE (Redonda Island, northeast of Lewis Channel, British Columbia). The name must have been given by Galiano in 1792 as it appears on both maps of 1795. The name was later shifted on

OBSOLETE PLACE

Admiralty charts to an island on the other side of Lewis Channel

832, 833.

COSTA, LA, a very common name on Dudley's 1647 map. It occurs in the following latitudes: 28'/2°, 30°, 34!/ 2 °, 3 9 V { . 352c-d. COSTA DONDE AY BARCOS DE TABLAS.

The

expression

which means " c o a s t where there are boats of b o a r d s " appears on Daniell's map. It refers to the " C o s t a de B a r c o s " of the Palacios chart which is laid down on that chart as a straight coast as f a r a s what may be the present Santa B a r b a r a Bay. 327. COUNTESS, PT., north end of Bainbridge Island, Alaska, named by Vancouver after Capt. Countess R. N. J u n e 3, 1794. It is not shown on modern charts. COURANS, CAPE DES OU MENDOCIN.

568.

Cox, CAPE, a name given by J a m e s Hanna in 1786 p r o b a b l y to Mark Nipple, on Calvert Island, B. C. T h e name also a p p e a r s on Dixon's maps. 722a, 732, 736. C o x , CAPE, possibly the northern end of Aristizabal Island, B. C. This is very vague as the coast of the mainland is contracted. Ingraham borrowed the name f r o m either Hanna or Dixon, probably the latter. See other entry f o r Cape Cox. 811. C o x , ISLA DE, the northern end of Vancouver Island. No such island exists. 814. C o x , PORT, in Clayoquot Sound, Vancouver Island. According to John Meares he named this port J u n e 20, 1788, in honor of John Henry Cox. 744, 758a, 759, 760 ( p l a n ) , 828, 831. C o x ' s CHANNEL ( P a r r y P a s s a g e ) , described by Douglas who named it J u n e 21, 1789, as a "channel formed by Charlotte's Islands and an island that lies off the west end of i t " (North I s l a n d ) . It a p p e a r s as "Detroit de C o x " on Marchand's m a p s . 851, 852. CRAFTS, PORT (Virago Sound, Queen Charlotte Islands, B. C . ) , named evidently by Capt. Ingraham after his mate in 1792. 811. CRAGGY MOUNTAIN (just south of S a n Diego, Calif o r n i a ) , in 32° 18' 3 0 " according to Vancouver. 756. CROCE [ C r o s ] C. or C. DELLA, an Italian way of writing the " C . de C r u s " of Cabrillo q.v. 83, 98, 114. CROIX, C. DE LA, French f o r " C . de la Cruz". 459, 486. CROYERE, I. DE LA (Hazy Islands, A l a s k a ) . The name was bestowed by L a Perouse August 7, 1786, in honor of Louis Delisle de la Croyere who had accompanied Capt. Chirikof in 1741. 840, 841. CRUS, C : DE or DELLA, the " S a n t a C r u z " of Cortes of 1535 at the lower end of the Peninsula of California.

445

NAMES

31, 37, 74, 80, 84, 92, 115, 117, 125, 144c, 152, 159, 179.

147,.

CRUZ, ARROYO DE LA, in Port Sänta Cruz, in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the1779 expedition. It was possibly where the cross was. planted by Arteaga. On U. S . charts the point just to. the west of this is named " P t . Cruz". 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CRUZ, BAHIA DE LA o r ENTRADA DE o r SONDA DE, t h e

Cross S o u n d of Cook. 7 1 1 , 7 8 6 , 8 2 9 . CRUZ, CABO, usually written C-f-, the southeasterncape of the Peninsula of California, no doubt in error, instead of being a p p l i e d to the B a h i a de la Paz. CRUZ, [ S a n t a C r u z ] , CABO DE LA (Punta Santo T o m a s ) , named by Cabrillo September 14, 1542, in memory of the Exaltación de la Santa Cruz, a n d ' located by him in 33°. Gómara refers to it as nearly fifty leagues f r o m Engaño and f r o m his list it was transferred to those m a p s which employed his names. Its first appearance on a dated m a p was on that o f André Homem of 1559. 42, 63, 69, 75, 98, 120, 124, 134, 144a, 168, 194, 217, 219, 253, 612. CRUZ, MONTE DE LA, the northern headland of Trinidad, California. 824. CRUZ, PUERTO DE LA, shortened for " S a n t a C r u z " in» Bucareli Bay, Alaska. 663, 803. CRUZ, PUNTA DE LA, in the Puerto de Santiago, Hinchinbrook Island, Alaska. The cross marking the spot where possession was taken in 1779 is a short distance southeast of the point. 665. CRUZ, RIO DE LA, a small stream shown on the plan» of Puerto de la B o d e g a y Cuadra of the Q u i m p e r expedition near Carr Point, Washington. The nameindicates that López de Haro planted the cross at the mouth of this river. 756. CUACOS, an Indian settlement on the north shore o f Vancouver Island, near which Galiano anchored August 9, 1792, no doubt Suquash Anchorage nearly south of the west end of Malcolm Island. Spelled 1 thus on the 1793 and 1795 m a p s but " Q u a g o s " on that of 1802. 816, 832, 833, 861. CUADRA, PUERTO DE (Port Discovery, Washington).. See Bodega y Q u a d r a . CUATRO

CORONADOS,

ISLAS.

See

Coronados

in

List

No. 1. CUERBO, PUNTA DEL, on east side of S a n Fernando Island in Bucareli Bay, Alaska, probably named by Mourelle about May 26, 1779. Cuerbo ( cuervo )—crow. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CUERVO, FONDO DEL (Zevallos Arm, Esperanza Inlet, Vancouver I s l a n d ) . This name, which means "Crow

446

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

End" or "Crow Bottom", was evidently given by Pantoja when he first examined this port in May, 1791, as it is shown on Malaspina's map of that year. Later it was changed to Zevallos. 779, 792. CUESTA, Rio DE, a name found on both the Lopez de Haro maps of 1790 for a stream flowing into the Strait of Juan de Fuca from the south and generally supposed to be Lyre River. Manuel Quimper passed here July 22, 1790, but does not mention any river in this neighborhood, and we therefore lack any information from him which might help us to identify it. 749, 750, 779, 833. CULEBRINA [Culebra], ISLA, in east part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition nor on modern maps.

Culebrina—a small cannon. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. CUMMASHAWAAS BAY (Laskeek Bay, Q. C . Islands). 811. CUMMASHAWAAS HARBOUR (Cumshewa Inlet, Hecate Strait, west side). 811. 831. CUNNEYAHS STRAIT (Parry Passage between Langara and Graham islands, Q. C. group). 811. CURSOS, VAI.LE DE LOS (San Gregorio Creek, some six miles south of Pt. Miramontes, California). The Portola expedition camped in this valley from October 24 to October 27, 1769, and this name for diarrhoea was given to the place because many of the soldiers suffered from this disorder there. CUYUELA for "Cayuela". 802.

DABUELTA, R., in about 32°.

164.

a name given by George Dixon about August 1, 1787, to some point which seems to have been on Banks Island in Hecate Strait, no doubt in honor of Alexander Dalrymple. 732, 736, 830. DALRYMPLE,

CAPE,

DAMAS, R. D', in about 34°.

164.

DANCON, I. DE, in about 28°.

64.

(probably Cape Pankof on the Alaska 828.

DANGER, CAPE

Peninsula).

and ENSENADA DE (Angeles Point on the east side of Freshwater Bay on the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca), named by Quimper in July, 1790, probably after Juan Herrera Davila. Quimper was in Freshwater Bay, July 21, but he does not mention giving it any name nor any to this point which appears on both Lopez de Haro maps. 749, 750, 779, 833, 861. DAVILA, PUNTA DE

(Port Bainbridge, southwest Alaska), named no doubt by one of Portlock's boat expeditions but it is not mentioned in his text. 738. D E C E I T , CAPE, the "Cabo del Engaño" of Bodega. 695. DECEPTION BAY (Baker Bay). Named by John Meares July 6, 1788, because it was deceivingly shallow. 744, 758a, 759, 828, 830, 831. DELGADA, (del Gada) PUNTA, on the Palacios plan for what I think is the "Punta B a j a " of modern maps in 29° 56'. 236, 327, 350. DELGADA, PUNTA (Pt. Arena in 38° 57'). The name which means "thin" is one particularly appropriate to this point. It was in common use in the latter part of the eighteenth century and was probably given by Bodega in 1775 on his voyage down the coast as it first appears on his map in 39°. On Hezeta's small map in 39° 10', large map 39° 15'. 641, 645, 660, 669, 673, 681, 694, 703, 711, 768, 772, 785, 800, 814, 818, 825, 834, 838, 839, 840, 845, 861, 862. DEMGANO [demganho], Vaz Dourado's name for the "Cabo del Engaño"; on his map in the Munich atlas as a "Rio". Most of the Portuguese maps have the word in this form. 64, 72, 96, 97, 103, 122. DENIA, BAIA DI, C. DI, and R., names in 39¡/2°, the "Denio" of Blaeu. 352d. D A Y ' S HARBOR

[Demo or Denido], G[olfo]. This name which is certainly an error is one common to the Blaeu-Hondius nomenclature of the northwest coast in about 42° or 46°. It first appeared on the Blaeu map of 1602 in about 48°. It may, however, be an error for "Demo", (that is, de Medio), as this appears on the map of Franciscus Hoeius which is attributed to the year 1600, although now only known in a reissue by Hugo Allardt of about 1640. 229, 253, 272, 287, 308, 333, 366, 391. D E R B Y ' S SOUND (Brown Passage, Hecate Strait, B. C.), probably named by Robert Gray after John Derby, one of his owners, May 20, 1789. 811. DENIO

DESABRIGADA, I .

42.

(Descanso Bay opposite Nanaimo on Gabriola Island, B. C.) Here Galiano anchored June 16 and remained until June 19. Descanso—rest. 833, 861. DESCUBIERTA, BAIA, in about 30°. 122. DESCUBIERTA, CANAL DE LA (the far western part of Johnstone Strait, B. C.), named for one of the ships of Malaspina, by Galiano in 1792. 816, 832. DESCUBIERTA, PUNTA DE, only mentioned in the letter of Galiano and Valdés. It seems to have been Althorp Point as Galiano's Fondeadero de Novales where the DESCANSO, CALA DEL

OBSOLETE PLACE NAMES

vessels must have anchored was just east of the point. DESEADA, L A , ISLA, a name given September 1 8 , 1 5 6 5 , by Espinosa in his log to an island, the first land seen.. He calculated the latitude of it to be 33° 45', and said that there was a rock, which appeared above the water, about a league and a half distant. This points clearly to San Miguel Island and Richardson Rock. Urdaneta in his statement said it was San Salvador, that is, the island now known as "Santa Catalina". San Miguel is actually a quarter of a degree higher in latitude which throws some doubt on this identification as an error of this kind is almost unknown in the sixteenth century, the observation being almost invariably too high. San Nicolas also has a rock west northwest of the island but it is eight miles distant, about double the distance estimated by Espinosa. The latitude of San Nicolas 33° 06' would make the error a half a degree in case this was Deseada which seems possible. On the whole I believe that the island was San Miguel, from the description Espinosa gives of it and the circumstances attending its discovery. SpV, p. 114. Deseada—desired or looked for. LAS, ISLAS (Flattery Rocks on the coast of Washington). As Martinez y Zayas refers to them in his discovery of 1793 and shows them on his map it is probable that he named them. DESEADAS,

Deseadas—desired. 818, 833, 861, 862. C., a name for the present Cabo Eugenio. 72. DESENGAÑO, P U E R T O DEL (Disenchantment Bay in 5 9 ° 5 1 ' at the head of Yakutat Bay, Alaska), named by Malaspina July 4, 1791, because of the failure to find the entrance to Maldonado's strait. 786, 788 (plan), DESEADO,

.861, 862. DESERTA, TERRA,

Dudley's names in 37¡/2° and 48J/2°.

352c, 352d. DESGRACIADA, ISLA, in the east part of Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 •expedition, nor named on modern Admiralty charts.

Desgraciada—unlucky. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. (Yerba Buena Island, San Francisco Bay). Desabrigo—unsheltered. 770. D E S I E R T A , COSTA, a name occurring in three latitudes, 24°, 30°, 37°. 267. D ' S E R T O , C., in about 34°. 164. D E S I E R T A S , ISLAS (the Coronados), named by Cabrillo about September 26, 1542. On the André Homem DESHABRIGO, E L

map of 1559 a name is attached to tliese islands which may be "Disiertas". 42, 164. DESOLATA, BAIA DE LA, and COSTA, in 31J/2°. 352c. DESOLATA, T E R R A , a Dudley name in about 34J/4 352c. LAS. On the Vaz Dourado maps a "tera despoblado" appeared in the neighborhood of 32°, but it hardly seems to have been the original from which this name was taken, which first appears on the Hondius Globe of 1600 in about 30J/2°. 216, 255. DESPOBLADA, T E R A , in about 32°. 72, 88, 96, 97, 103, 122. DESPABLADOS,

D E S SIERTA

( ? ) B., just south of I.

DEZERTA, PLAIA.

97,

S.

Marcos.

395.

122.

[Diamantes], a name which first appeared for some islands just south of Cedros on Vaz Dourado maps. The origin of it is unknown. As Vaz Dourado was using well-known names on this particular part of the coast it could hardly have formed part of his imaginary geography. The name was originally applied by Ulloa to some rocks in the upper part of the Gulf of California and perhaps by some error was transferred to the west coast. Mercator and afterward Ortelius, Plancius, and Sgrooten adopted the name. 72, 75, 88, 96, 97, 103, 122, 144c, 147, 152, 153, 156, 159, 167, 168, 179, 188, 232, 253, 258, 260, 339. DIAMATES

French for "Los Diamantes". 129. (Disenchantment Bay, Yakutat Bay, Alaska). Named by Peter Puget, June 27, 1794. DILIGENCIAS, CABO (Cape Blanco in 42° 50'). September 27, 1775, Bodega in the Sonora was off this cape which he correctly described and located in 42° 50' and it so appears on his map. On the Martinez map of 1793 the name seems to be applied to Port Orford Head as it is plotted as in 42° 45'. Why Bodega applied the name is unknown, but it was probably because of the efforts that he made in this vicinity to discover the Rio de Martin Aguilar. 641, 645, 660, 669, 673, 711, 768, 772, 800, 814, 818, 834. DISAPPOINTMENT, P T . The identification of this point is very uncertain. According to Ingraham's latitude of 52° 15', it would appear to be either Day Point or Milbanke Sound, inasmuch as it is not clear whether he intended this name to be applied to a port or a point, because on his map of Quadra's Isles it appears as a point and only as "Disappointment" on his map of Washington's Isles. However, Ingraham gave the name on account of not finding Indians in the vicinity. Mr. W. A. Newcombe, who knows of no Indian DIAMENS, L E S , DIGGES

SOUND

448

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E N O R T H W E S T COAST OF A M E R I C A

village in the vicinity of Fitzhugh Sound would identify it as Cape Calvert or Fitzhugh Sound, but this is too f a r south. J u d g e Howay (Washington Hist. Quart. X I , No. 1 ) thinks it was Laredo Sound, but this is too f a r north. 810, 811.

On Dudley's m a p it is raised in latitude to make r o o m f o r his " P o dell Nuovo A l b i o n " and so is in about the position of Bodega Bay. As Vizcaino had no knowledge of the latter bay, however, this bay is merely an invention of Dudley's. 310b, 327, 350.

DISTRESS COVE, in latitude 55° ( p r o b a b l y Port Bazan on Dall Island, A l a s k a ) . Named by Robert Gray May 24, 1789.

DONALD'S

DOBLADA [ D i b l a d o ] DE LOMOS, COSTA, n o t f a r

from

the present Pt. Arena, Calif. The name a p p e a r s to have been the origin of the C. di Biado of Dudley. 236, 350. DOLORES. See Nuestra Senora de los Dolores. DOLORES,

ISLA

DE

(Destruction

Island).

Bodega

seems to have passed this island about the day of Nuestra Senora de Dolores September 18, 1775, and given it this name, as it a p p e a r s on the m a p s of that expedition. 641, 645, 660, 669, 674, 711, 715, 736, 772, 785, 814, 818, 829, 833, 834, 861. DOLORES, ISLAS DE LOS, o n A l z a t e ' s m a p o f 1 7 6 8

for

two islands in about 30° 45'. No such islands exist but by reference to the account of the exploration in 1734 by Sigismundo T a r a v a l ' s party the source of Alzate's error can be discovered. The name was given to the group of islands of which Cedros is the principal one but Taraval was under the impression that they were in about 31°. All the discoveries of his party are located by Alzate in this neighborhood. From the top of a mountain on Cedros they had discovered two islands to the west, obviously the " B e n i t o s " and this name was intended by Alzate to represent these two islands. 585, 612. DOLORES, LAGUNA DE LOS, o n S a n

sula.

Francisco

Penin-

653, 667, 846.

DOLORES,

PUERTO

DE, p e r h a p s

the east

entrance

to

K a i g a n i Strait, Alaska, named by Caamano in 1792. 801, 8 0 5 ( p l a n ) . DOLORES, RIO DE LOS, a river emptying into the Pacific at Bodega Bay, Calif. 674, 736, 836. DOLORES, SENO DE (Whale Channel, inside Nepean Sound, B. C. ). No mention of it occurs in Caamano's text. 801. DON GASPAR, BAHIA DE, a n a m e g i v e n t o t h e

Bahia

de S a n Francisco (Drake's B a y ) by Vizcaino in honor of G a s p a r de Zuniga y Agevedo, Conde de Monterey, the Viceroy who had sent him out. The name never came into general use although it appeared on Teixeira's, Dudley's, and Daniell's maps, but the popularity of the Briggs m a p with his name f o r the bay " S i r Francisco D r a c o " was sufficient to maintain at least a semblance of the original name.

ISLAND,

most of the Hanna's m a p identification name for the

Hanna's

name

for

the

western-

Scott Islands off Vancouver Island. is not sufficiently accurate to make exact possible, but he p r o b a b l y intended the modern T r i a n g l e Island. 722b.

DONA MARIA, MEGANOS DE, ( t h e s a n d d u n e s

between

Coos Bay and Heceta Head on the Oregon C o a s t ) . Martinez y Zayas in his journal of 1793, mentions: the sand dunes and under this name they a p p e a r on his m a p between 43° 2 5 ' and 44° 10'. Meganos—sand dunes.

818.

DONA ROSA, ISLA DE ( D o n a l d s o n I s l a n d n e a r

Beechey

Head, B. C . ) , named after some unknown lady b y Q u i m p e r June 27, 1790. 749, 750, 779. Dos

BAHIAS,

CANAL DE, t h e e n t r a n c e

to

Malaspina

Inlet on the mainland of British Columbia. The name was no doubt given by Galiano in 1792. 832. D o s CABEZAS, another Spanish translation of t h e "Two-Headed P o i n t " of Cook. D o s ERMANOS, two rocks off Punta Entrada at thenorth entrance of the Bahia Magdalena, Lower California. 236. D o s PUNTAS, CABO. This name was given by Lopez de Haro in 1788 to a cape on K o d i a k Island in about 56° 51', probably being nothing but a translation o f Cook's "Two-headed Point", still so known in 56° 53'. The Russian establishment on Three Saints Bay was; behind Sitkalidak Island a few miles to the north and this is where Lopez de Haro found the Russians, in June, 1788, it being then their headquarters in this part of Alaska. In 1790 F i d a l g o anchored near thepoint and visited the establishment. From his account the cabo appears to have been Black Point a t the south point of Sitkalidak Island. 711, 772, 800. DOUGLAS'S ENTRANCE ( D i x o n E n t r a n c e ) .

T h e r e i s no-

record of Douglas having given this name and it was. probably bestowed by Meares. 758, 758a, 759. DOUGLAS ISLAND (Forrester Island, A l a s k a ) . When D o u g l a s passed this island August 13, 1788, he saw fit to bestow a new name on it, namely his own. 758a,. 759, 811. DOULEURS, I S L E

(Destruction

Island).

La

French f o r the Spanish name " D o l o r e s " . 844. DRACO, PUERTO S I R

fornia).

FRANCISCO

(Drake's

Perouse's.

839, 840, Bay,

Cali-

The origin of this extraordinary name c a n

449

OBSOLETE P L A C E NAMES only be ascribed to B r i g g s , who so f a r as known first put it on his m a p in 1625. It seems most p r o b a b l e that on the Spanish m a p which he copied the name was " S a n F r a n c i s c o " and B r i g g s wished to perpetuate Drake's visit to this coast, as the latitude of the bay given by Vizcaino and Father Ascension, 38j/2°, corresponded to that of the port in which Drake was supposed to have refitted his ship. On the B r i g g s m a p it a p p e a r s north of Punta de los Reyes, but on other m a p s it sometimes a p p e a r s south of it. 292, 295, 310, 318, 332, 359, 366, 368, 374, 385a, 389, 395, 407, 424, 434, 436. DRAKE, P. SR. [ D r a c , Drak, S . Francis Drake, Port et Ponte de François D r a c k } , (Drake's Bay, C a l i f o r n i a ) . On 8 4 9 and 862 the name is misapplied to S a n Francisco Bay. 360, 404, 418, 429, 459, 460, 461, 480, 486, 493, 502, 505, 511, 512, 532, 545, 555, 568, 578, 583, 591, 594, 597, 601, 649, 674, 677, 699, 759, 818, 836, 849, 856, 860, 862. D R A K E , S I R FRANCIS, o r DE LA BODEGA, P O R T

(Bodega

Bay, C a l i f o r n i a ) . 675, 691, 736. DUCK BAY, an indentation in the coast line of U d a g a k Strait on U n a l a s k a Island. 783a. DUDA, PUNTA DE LA, in the R a d a del Principe in Santa B a r b a r a Channel, California. 718b. DUDOSA, ISLA (Wingham I s l a n d ) , a name given J u l y 16, 1791, by M a l a s p i n a to an island north of K a y a k Island, Alaska, which he thought might be connected with K a y a k and hence a peninsula. 786. DUE BAIE, C. DI, in about 30j/2°. 352c. DUFFIN, PT. ( p r o b a b l y Pt. Bonilla on Vancouver I s l a n d ) , nearly opposite Tatooche Island, Strait of J u a n de Fuca. Robert Duffin does not mention naming it after himself but says he called it " P t . Entrance". Meares no doubt gave the name. 758a, 830. DUKE

OF

CLARENCE'S

STRAIT,

now

Clarence

Strait,

extending north f r o m Dixon Entrance, Alaska, named by Vancouver about September 20, 1793, after one of the sons of George III. 855, 860. DUKE

OF Y O R K

ISLAND

named by Vancouver.

(Zarembo

Island,

Alaska),

855, 860, 862.

D U L C E [ D o l c e ] , PUNTA DE a n d R i o

(Pt. M u g u in 3 4

0 5 ' ) . The P a l a c i o s chart clearly shows this punta although it is marked with a " B a " . In the explanation of the chart, however, it is called a punta, and it so a p p e a r s on Daniell's m a p . On Dudley's it a p p e a r s as P o del Rio Dulce. This, however, is a matter of little importance as many of Vizcaino's puntas are styled " P o " by Dudley. A small stream of water is shown emptying into the ocean almost due north

of the point. This could hardly be anything but the present Calleguas Creek. Whether the two dots just east of the point are intended to represent Indian settlements or not is uncertain as P a l a c i o s was not accustomed to show Indian towns. It is the " P u n t a de la Conversion" of Father Ascension and the Briggs map. 236, 327, 350. DUNCAN'S HARBOR. J a m e s Hanna's name f o r m o d e m Sea Otter Cove. 722a, 722b. DUNCAN'S I N L E T o r STRAIT ( P r i n c i p e C h a n n e l , B .

C.).

830, 831. E A , P T O . DEL, f o r " P t o de L e a " .

83.

E A R L OF CHATH"AMS ISLANDS, a n a m e o f M e a r e s

for

what a p p e a r s to be Stephens, Porcher and associated islands, B. C.

744, 758a, 828, 830.

ECHEVARRÍA, PUNTA DE (Government Point near P t . C o n c e p t i o n / C a l i f o r n i a ) , named about July 29, 1782, by Esteban J o s é Martínez. was captain of the Favorita,

Agustín de

Echevarría

one of Martinez' vessels.

684, 686b. EDWARD, PT., north end of K i n g Island, Fitzhugh Sound, B. C., named by Vancouver M a y 31, 1 7 9 3 ; n o longer in use. EFIGENIA.

855.

See Santa Efigenia.

661.

EFFINGHAM ISLAND in Barkley Sound, Island, named by Barkley in 1787. 761 EGUIA, PUNTA DE ( P t . M a r t i n

in about

Vancouver (plan). 60

10'

the

northwest point of Controller's B a y or the south point of K a n a k Island, A l a s k a ) , named by Arteaga in early J u l y , 1779, probably after Manuel de Eguia, a brigadier in the Spanish navy and wrecked in 1787 in the San Pedro Alcántara, while en route f r o m Callao to Cadiz. 668, 669, 834, 835. EIA, PTA ( ? ) on the west coast of the Peninsula of California. 134. ELEANOR'S COVE, behind Knight's Island, Yakutat Bay, Alaska, named by Peter Puget, J u n e 27, 1794. Not shown on Vancouver's chart. ELEFANTE, ISLA DEL, a name f o r Queen Charlotte Island on the Carta de las Costas of 1792. In Martinez' diary of the occurrences of 1789 he says h e gave the name " I n f a n t e Don F e r n a n d o " to what w a s evidently this island. " E l e f a n t e " seems to be the nearest approach to it that the man who drew the m a p could get. 814. ELIAS, MOUNT (Mt. St. E l i a s ) , as shown on Burney's Sketch reproduced in Howay's Zimmermann's Captain Cook, p. 76.

450

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

ELISA,

RADA

DE

(Pedder Bay, Vancouver

Island),

named by Quimper, no doubt after Francisco Eliza, June 28, 1790. E L L I O T ' S ISLAND,

749, 750, 779, 833. Hanna's name for the easternmost

of the Scott Islands, off Vancouver Island, B . C.

He

probably intended it for the island now known as Cox Island.

722b.

EMPALIZADA, PUNTA (Palisades P o i n t ) , on the north

side of San Fernando Island, Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the Arteaga narratives of 1779. On U. S. charts it is on Palisade Island. Empalizada—enclosed wTth palisades. 661, 662, 719, 843. EMPINADO, CABO, between Ports Estrella and Caldera in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. Empinado—high or pointed. 661, 662, 663, 719, 843. ENDIDO, ISLOTE, (the southeast Farallón off the Golden Gate). The map is very inaccurate, however. Endido for Hendido—cleft. 785. ENECAPAH [Island], Vancouver's name probably now corrupted to "Anacapa, q.v. in List No. 1. 856. ENFADO [Enfadas], SIERRAS DEL, a name given to the range which runs north of Cabo San Lucas for about twenty-five miles facing the Pacific by the Vizcaino expedition on account of the difficulty they had in getting out of sight of them. The name might be translated as "vexatious mountains". It is now known as the Sierra de la Victoria. On 622 it appears twice—once as "Sierra de los Enfados" in 26¡/2°, and again as "Sierra de Enfados" in 23^2°327, 462, 509, 511, 552, 587, 609, 612, 613, 622 ( 2 ) , 634, 681, 716, 825. ENGANHOSA, TIERRA DE, i n 3 0 ° . 272,

339,

216, 239, 253,

255,

391.

(Caamaño Sound, B . C.). Although not mentioned by name in the text an account of it occurs which is anything but enlightening. Caamaño seems to have given it this name because it did not exist on Colnett's map or was entirely different from his conception of it. 801. ENGAÑO, CABO DEL (Cape Edgecumbe, Alaska), discovered and named by Bodega August 16, 1775, for what reason does not appear. Bodega located it in 57° 0 2 ' and 34° 12' W of San Bias and Malaspina in 57° 0V/ 2 '. 641, 669, 671, 672, 674, 711, 772, 786, 800, 814, 829, 830, 834, 840, 849, 850, 861, 862. ENGAÑO, CANAL DE, in the text of the account of the Galiano expedition for Phillips Arm, B. C. On the ENGAÑO, BOCAS Y SENO DE

maps it is applied to the channel between Phillip! Arm and Frederick Arm. Engaño—mistake, the application is not obvious 816, 832. ENGANO, [denganha] ENSEADA D\ just north of C. S Lucas, an error for Dudley's "Enseado de ingannos" 459, 529. ENGAÑO, ENSENADA DEL ( B o u n d a r y B a y on the north

west coast of Washington). At the end of this bai Eliza in 1791 had marked the Boca de Floridablanci but when examined by Galiano in the following yeai no entrance was found. He therefore named the baj " E n g a ñ o " which means "mistake". 833, 861. ENGAÑO, ENSENADA DE (Netarts Bay, Oregon coast) under "C. Lucout" in 45° 2 5 ' on Martinez' map oi 1793. Martinez' "Lucout" was what is now knowr as Cape Meares, Hezeta's "Mesa". 818, 861. ENGAÑO, ISLA DEL. An island represented on Bauzá'í map of 1791 as in 47° 20'. Modern maps show nc such island. 785. ENGAÑO, PUNTA [later Cabo], a name which appears on the earliest maps showing the results of Ulloa's ex pedition. As the name is not found in either accoun of his expedition and as no point is alluded to ir either which might be entitled to such a name, "Cap< of Deceit", it is obviously impossible to say where i was located. Cabrillo, who evidently had some differ ent account of the Ulloa expedition or some map of it states that they reached it August 20, 1542, and tha it was in 31°, seven leagues from " I s l a de San Ber nardo", that is San Geronimo. The only point whicl this could be was Punta B a j a in 29° 56', although this is not seven leagues from San Geronimo but nine miles. In spite of this I think that Cabrillo was mistaken and that in all probability the Punta de' Engaño was the present Punta San Antonio. The name appears spelled in various ways, Engano, EN gana, Enguno, Enganho, Ingano, Inganno, Lengagno and Lingagno, and lasted on the maps for a long time usually in this vicinity. The first known maps tc show it are the Agnese maps of 1542 where it appears in about 29°. 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 22, 26 27, 29, 38, 42, 43, 63, 69, 74, 75, 80, 81, 82, 83 92, 95, 98, 100, 115, 117, 120, 125, 132, 144a-c 145, 147, 148, 152, 153, 155, 156, 158, 159, 163 164, 167, 168, 174, 175, 179, 182, 186a, 186c, 188 194, 197, 200b, 217, 218, 219, 222, 224, 232, 233 ( 2 ) 253, 255, 272, 279, 285, 287, 292, 295, 301b, 309 314, 330, 339, 350, 351, 352c, 354, 360, 368, 372 374, 378, 382, 389, 391, 404, 405, 418, 434, 4 5 9 460, 461, 462, 486, 493, 529, 572, 573, 677, 768.

O B S O L E T E P L A C E NAMES PUNTA DEL. From Caamaño's description of his course on July 30, 1792, it appears that this must have been Wolf Point in Nepean Sound, B. C. To the east of this, apparently on Colnett's map, there was a port named " B a l a " , but the pilot could not find it. ENGANON, CABO DEL, near Cabo del Engaño, Lower California. 167, 258. ENGAÑOS, ENSEADA D\ in about 2 5 ^ ° . 352b. ENGAÑOSA, BAHÍA, a name applied by Cermeño to Bahia Sebastian Vizcaino, the large bay east of Cedros in about 29°. I have not found it on any map prior to his voyage of 1595. 217, 218, 219, 344. ENGAÑOSA, ENSENADA, south of the Ensenada de las Virgines, Lower California. On Dudley's map it appears as "Enseada d'ingannos". 236, 350. ENRIQUEZ, ISLA (McCauley and Pitt islands), named by Caamaño July 29, 1792, in honor of Juan Antonio Enriquez, famous Spanish naval official and later the 801. author of Glorias Marítimas de España. ENSEADA (Half Moon B a y ) , just north of the "Punta Año Nuevo", California. See Grande Ensenada. 350. ENSENADA. See Grande Ensenada (Half Moon B a y ) . 327. ENGAÑO,

ENSENADA (Santa Monica Bay, California). On October 9, 1542, Cabrillo, after leaving the Bahia de los Fumos (San Pedro Bay) anchored in what he called an ensenada. It could have been nothing else but Santa Monica Bay. ENSENADA, COSTA DE.

236.

near where the name C . San 236. DE, south of Isla S . Roque, Lower

ENSENADA, MORRO DE,

Lucas should be. ENSENADA, PUNTA

California.

236.

ENSENRADAS, LAS,

in about 30^2°. 1 6 4 . (in San Francisco Bay). OF, error for "Esquibel" on

ENZINOS, PUNTA DE EQUIVEL, G U L F

826. U.

S.

charts. for "Hermoso", q.v. PUNTA DE, on López de Haro's Carta Reducida, apparently Eagle Point on San Juan Island which seemed to him to be mainland. The name must have been given about July 1, 1790, by Quimper after some unknown individual, perhaps Juan Herrera Davila, a captain in the Spanish navy in 1799, especially as the name "Davila" was given by Quimper to another place not far away. 749, 750, 779. ESCAÑO, TIERRAS DE, a name on the west coast of Vancouver Island close to the present Portland Point, possibly named for Antonio Escaño, a high officer ERMOSO

[H]ERRERA,

451

in the Spanish navy. Escaño, however, means "bench" and the name may have been given because of a bench of land here. 833. ESCONDIDO, C. or PUNTA, usually Ascodido.

164, 188.

ESCONDIDO, C., a name on the Hondius Globe of 1600 in about 60°, and subsequently on his maps and those of Blaeu. 216, 229, 239, 253, 258, 339 and 595 and 614 (both out of place in about 4 5 ° ) . ESCONDIDO, R., in about 33¡/2°. 267. ESPADA, PUNTA, in the Puerto de Santiago, Hinchinbrook Island, Alaska. 665. (Sword Point), west point of Isla San Clemente off the southwest side of San Fernando Island in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. On U. S. charts Pt. Espada, Sword Point being on San Fernando Island. Espada—a sword. 662, 663, 719, 843. ESPAÑOL, CABO. The name must have been given to the present Cape Hinchinbrook by Salvador Fidalgo when he entered Prince William Sound May 24, 1790. He says he located it in 60° 15J/2', nearly the latitude of Cape Hinchinbrook. Nevertheless on Malaspina's map we find the name attached to the point now called St. Elias in 59° 50' at the south end of Kayak Island and he refers to it as in 59° 59'. 786. ESPAGNOLS, I L E S DES, or A R C H I P E L E DE, a name given by La Perouse August 8, 1786, to a group of islands in about 56° 50', of which the present Warren Island is the largest. The term embraced the numerous small islands east and southeast of this. On modern Admiralty charts the name "Spanish Islands" (obviously a translation of La Pérouse's name) is laid down between Coronation Island and Kuiu Island, but I think this identification is incorrect. The present Coronation Island is plainly marked on L a Pérouse's chart but without name and the lies des Espagnols are at some distance to the east and southeast of it. 840, 841, 849. ESPERANCE, BAIE DE L', La Pérouse's translation of Hope Bay or Esperanza Inlet. He called it "Baie Hope ou de l'Esperance". 840. ESPERANZA, PUNTA DE LA (Latouche Point at the eastern entrance to Disenchantment Bay, Yakutat B a y ) . The name was given by Malaspina July 3, 1791, perhaps because he expected to find here the entrance to Maldonado's strait. It was named "Latouche" by Peter Puget of Vancouver's party in 1794. 788. ESPINOSA, BRAZO DE, or BAHÍA DE (Ramsay Arm, a small inlet south of Bute Inlet, B. C.), named in early July, 1792, by some exploring member of the Galiano ESPADA, PUNTA DEL

452

CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF AMERICA

party after the astronomer José Espinosa who accompanied the Malaspina expedition. 816, 832, 833. ESTENDIDO, C . , an error for "Escondido". 317. E S T E R I L E S , ISLAS (Barren Islands at the entrance to Cook Inlet, Alaska). The name only appears on the Galiano map of 1802, but was used by Fidalgo in his journal of 1790. 861, 862. E S T E R O , ENSENADA DEL (Frederick Arm between Bute and Knight inlets on the B. C. mainland coast). The lagoon inside is still called Estero. Estero—lagoon. 816, 832. (Islais Creek, San Francisco Bay). 640. E S T E R O S , BOCA DE LOS, sometimes Los Esteros only (Estero Bay, California). 704, 711, 772, 785, 798, 800, 825, 828, 860. ESTIETE, [Esteete, Estiere], R. DE, an imaginary name located on the northern part of the island of California first depicted as far as we know on Blaeu's Nova totius terrarum orbis tabula, usually ascribed to the year 1648. 354, 374, 382, 429, 434, 462. ESTRADA, ENSENADA (Blinkinsop Bay, near Port Neville, B. C.), probably named in honor of Nicolás Estrada, a Spanish naval officer. 816, 832. ESTRADA, P U E R T O (Massett Harbor on the north side of Graham Island in the Queen Charlotte group) so named by Caamaño July 25, 1792, no doubt in honor of Nicolás Estrada. The name was adopted by Vancouver. 801, 855, 860. ESTERO SECO

ESTRECHO,

EMTRADA

DELL,

a

variant

of

"ffin

del

estrecho" of Vaz Dourado. 97. E S T R E C H O , FFIN DEL, a Vaz Dourado name next to his "Estrecho". 103, 122. E S T R E C H O S , R . DE LOS, a name which first appeared on the Ortelius maps of 1587. In his Typus Orbis terrarum it was located in 58° while on that of America it was in 49¡/2° ; on the Maris Pacifici of 1589 it was shown in 53° and on the Hogenberg map in about 56]/2°. It seems difficult to avoid the assumption that Ortelius took this from one of Vaz Dourado's maps. The estrecho or the river which might be an estrecho looms very large on Vaz Dourado's maps in much the same general location except for being in a lower latitude than even 49°. Copied extensively on later maps. 147, 148, 152, 153, 156, 158, 159, 189, 201, 232, 258, 287 ( 2 ) , 568.

the north of it. On his 1792 map it appears as a cabo. There is no record of the bestowal of the name, and in fact it looks suspiciously like a corruption of Esteriles, Spanish for Cook's "Barren Islands". 772, 800. SOUND (perhaps Juan Perez Sound, Q. C. Islands), named by James Dixon May 20, 1788, in honor of one of the owners of his vessel. 745a (plan). EVIA, PUNTA, a name given by Caamaño July 23, 1792, to some point on the east side of Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, probably in honor of José de Evia who was at that time exploring in the Gulf of Mexico. Even with his map it is impossible to locate it exactly as Caamaño was not near it but it was nearly opposite the south end of Cleveland Peninsula, perhaps on the present Grindall Island. 801. ETCHES

E Z E T A , ENTRADA DE, f o r " H e z e t a " .

641, 645, 715, 818.

in about 30°, probably a corruption of 131. F A I R HEAD, probably Cape Cook, named by James Hanna. 722b, 830. F A I R ' S ISLAND, on the west side of Montague Island, Alaska. 740. F A I R W A Y R O C K , probably Harold Rock off the southern shore of Calvert Island. Named by James Hanna. 722b. FALCON, C., error for "Farfan". FALFAN, PUNTA DE [or C . ] for "Farfan" on U . S . charts. 719, 843. FALSA, BAHIA, in about 59° 10'. Obviously Malaspina found no bay here and took it from some other map. In Espinosa's table of latitudes on the northwest coast of America, he has an entry "Islas y la Bahia de Behring in 59° 07'". No islands are shown on the chart and in fact on this part of the coast an unbroken coast line is shown. Inside, however, there is another coast line, farther east, taken obviously from another map. 786. FAGANNA, C . ,

"Engaño".

E S T R I E R S , P O I N T E DE, e r r o r f o r " E s t i e t e " .

FALSA V E L A (one of the Anacapa Islands, Santa Barbara Channel, California), so named by Costansó in his journal of the Portolá expedition January 5 and January 11, 1770. In a note to the latter entry he said that when they first saw it he gave it this name because it appeared to be a vessel, "Falsa Vela" meaning a false or apparent sail. It was the high Anacapa in spite of his statement in the note that it was east of the small island, an error apparent from the bearings from Ventura.

[Estuardo] ISLA, on Bodega's map of 1791 either for Shuyak Island, Alaska, or a small one to

List No. 1.

ESTREMADURA,

ENSENADA

DE,

in

about

59°

58'.

seems to have been in the vicinity of Icy Cape. name does not appear on later maps. 786. ESTUANTO

It

The

FALSE TILLAMOOK,

in 45° 47'.

See Falcon, Cape, in

453

OBSOLETE PLACE NAMES FALSO, PUERTO (False Bay near San Diego, California). This name although derived from earlier narratives first appears on Pantoja's map of 1782. 686c, 688, 718c. FARALLONES [Farelones] south of P. San Bartolomeo, Lower California. 327, 350. FARALLONES, ENTA DE LOS, in about 5 7 ° 4 8 ' . The name never appeared on subsequent maps, but it is apparently the same as the "Ba de las Islas" of the 1802 map in the atlas to the voyage of the Sutil and Mexicana. 786. FARALLONES DEL ANO DE 1 7 5 9 ( ? ) , a group of islands in 24°, no doubt the Alijos. 622. FARALLONES QUE PAR (ecen) VELAS, on Daniell's map just south of an island he named "Assunta". No such name appears on the Palacios plan nor are any islands mentioned in any of the narratives of the voyages in this neighborhood as looking like vessels under sail which the expression means. Perhaps it refers to the Abreojos. 327. FARFAN, PUNTA DE, in Port Assumption in Bucareli Bay, Alaska. Not mentioned in the narratives of the 1779 expedition. Farfan—a well known family name. 661, 662. FARILLONES, LOS, a Van Langren and Plancius name appearing in about 28j/2°. Where it was obtained I do not know. 155a, 163, 167, 174, 182, 188, 194, 201, 222, 258, 267. FARILLONES

Alijos). 836.

DESCUBIERTOS

EL

ANNO

D.

1716

(the

509, 609, 622, 676, 699 (1710), 748a, 759,

See Bucclughs Sound for identificaIt was named by Douglas June 8, 1789. 758a. FARZA, LOMA, a point just north of Pt. Loma, California, either La Jolla or Medaños Point, probably the former. Miguel Pino refers to it in his derrotero of 1772, but it never seems to have appeared on a map. The "Farza" should be "Falsa". F A U X P O R T . La Pérouse's French for "Puerto Falso", False Bay near San Diego, California. 848. FEINGROS, LOS, an error on Dalrymple's map of Bucareli Bay, Alaska, for "Testigos". 719. F E L I P E , POINT (Santa Barbara Point, Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif.). The name first appears on Vancouver's chart of 1798. I am unable to find its origin, probably Vancouver named it after Felipe Goycoechea, the commander of the Santa Barbara Presidio. 856. FARMER, CAPE.

tion.

FERAN, ISLA DE.

q.v.

Vancouver's way of spelling "Teran",

854.

FERNÁDO CÓRTESE, Y DE.

This name is found on one

of Agnese's oval maps of the world which also contains names derived from Marcos de Niza's account of his expedition. Niza refers to some islands off the coast discovered by Cortés and these which are shown between the parallels of 20° and 23° 30' no doubt represent the mapmaker's interpretation of his narrative. 3. FERNANDEZ, VOLCAN DE, named by Martinez after himself as he said this was his second surname. It seems to have been Shishaldin on Unimak Island, Alaska. 772. FERNANDO DAOIZ, ISLA, o n e o f the g r o u p of

islands

west of Umnak, Alaska. I take it that this was named after Fernando Daoiz, a teniente general in the Spanish navy who died in 1808. 772. FERRER, ENSENADA DE. A small opening on the west coast of Vancouver Island between Esperanza Inlet and Nootka Sound. It must have been Nuchatlitz Inlet, although the configuration of the coast on the Carta Esferica (No. 1) of 1795 on which it appears would hardly warrant that identification. The name must have been given by Espinosa and Zeballos in 1791 when they explored Esperanza Inlet, perhaps in honor of Vicente Ferrer, who lost his frigate in a shipwreck in 1793. The point at the entrance is still called "Ferrer Point". 832, 833, 861. FERRER MALDONADO, ABRA DE, at the head of Disenchantment Bay in Yakutat Bay, Alaska. Named by Malaspina July 4, 1791, because it was where the entrance to the Strait of Maldonado should have been and was not. It is not on any of Malaspina's maps. FERRON, PUNTA DE, Vancouver's way of spelling "Terrón", q. v. 854. FEUZ, B. DES, French for "Fuegos". 129. FEVEDA ISLAND, Vancouver's error for "Texada". 854, 860. FIDALGO, BOCA DE or CANAL DE (Rosario Strait, that is the entrance to it shown under this name on López de Haro's Carta Reducida of 1790). Eliza, who explored this neighborhood in 1791, used the name "Canal de Fidalgo" for what was undoubtedly Rosario Strait. It was named July 5, 1790, by Quimper, on the return of the boat party, in honor of Salvador Fidalgo who was then on an expedition to the north. 749, 750, 779, 784, 796, 833. FIDALGO COVE (Neah Bay), Ingraham's name for Neah Bay. 810.

FILFIDO, TIERRA (no doubt an error f o r

in about 60° at the end of the map. FILIPPO, C., in about 58°. 468a. FIRE, C., f o r " F r i o " .

372.

237.

"Frigida")

454

CARTOGRAPHY OF T H E N O R T H W E S T COAST OF A M E R I C A

FISHERMAN'S COVE, near northwest end of Gil Island, B. C. Vancouver was anchored here from July 9-14, 1 7 9 3 , a n d l o c a t e d it i n 5 3 ° 18