Sahih al-Bukhari Volume 8 [8] 9960717313, 9960717399

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No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher or the translator.

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ABDUL MALIK MUJAHID

Computerized Typesetting, designing and proof reading carried out at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia under the supervision of Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan assisted by a team of highly qualified persons. © Maktaba Dar us Salam, 1997 King Fahd National Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data A1-Bukhari, Muhammed Ibn Ismaiel Sahih A1-Bukhari\ translated by Muhammad Muhsin Khan.— Riyadh. 448 p., 14x2lcm ISBN: 9960-717-31-3 (set) 9960-717-39-9 (v.8) 1— Al-Hadith - Six books I— Khan, Muhammad Muhsin (tr.) II-Title 235.1 dc 0887/18

Legal Deposit no.0887/18 ISBN: 9960-717-31-3 (set) 9960-717-39-9 (V.8)

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(1) (H. 6373) The Prophet j& wished that none of the Emigrants should die somewhere other than Al-Madina, the place of their emigration.

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degraded) senile old age, and seek refuge with You from the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of this world, and from the punishment in the grave."

• 6375. Narrated 'Aishah ji a;: The Prophet jl used to say, "0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from laziness, from senile old age, from being in debt, and from committing sins. 0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the Fire, the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of the Fire, and the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of the grave, the punishment in the grave, and the evil of the Fitnah of the wealth, the evil of the Fitnah of poverty and from the evil of the Fitnah caused by Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal. 0 Allah! Wash away my sins with the water of snow and hail, and cleanse my heart from the sins as a white garment is cleansed of filth, and let there be a far away distance between me and my sins as You have set far away the east and the west from each other."

(45) CHAPTER. To seek refuge with Allah from the Fitnah (trial and affliction etc.) of wealth. i a: The 6376. Narrated 'Aishah Prophet ; used to seek refuge with Allah (by saying), "0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of the Fire and from the punishment in the Fire, and I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah of the grave, and I seek refage with you from the punishment in the grave, and I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah of wealth, and I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah of poverty, and I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah of A1-Masih Ad-Dajjal."

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(46) CHAPTER. To seek refuge with Allah from the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of poverty. The 6377. Narrated 'Aishah ii i Prophet used to say, "0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah (trial and affliction, etc.) of the Fire, the punishment of the Fire, the Fitnah of the grave, punishment of the grave, and the evil of the Fitnah of wealth, and the evil of the Fitnah of poverty. 0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from the evil of the Fitnah of Al-Mast/i AdDajjal. 0 Allah! Cleanse my heart with the water of snow and hail, and cleanse my heart from all sins as a white garment is cleansed from filth, and let there be a far away distance between me and my sins as You made the east and west far away from each other. 0 Allah! I seek refuge with You from laziness, sins, and from being in debt."

(47) CHAPTER. The invocation (to invoke Allah) for an increase in wealth and offspring, and for Allah's Blessing. 6378, 6379. Narrated Umm Sulaim that she said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Anas is your servant; so please invoke for Allah's Blessing for him." The Prophet 4t said, "0 Allah! Increase his wealth and offspring and bless (for him) whatever You give him."

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CHAPTER. To invoke Allih for an increase of offspring, along with His Blessings.

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6380, 6381. Narrated Anas .0 Umm Sulaim said (to the Prophet ), "Anas is your servant; so please invoke for Allah's Blessings for him." He said "0 Allah! Increase his wealth and offspring, and bless (for him) whatever You give him."

(48) CHAPTER. The invocation on making Istikhãrah (an appeal to Allah to guide you on the right path as regards a certain matter). 6382. Narrated Jãbir i The Prophet used to teach us the Istikharah for every matter as he used to teach us the Sürah from the Qur'an. (He used to say), "If anyone of you intends to do something, he should offer a two Rak'a prayer other than the obligatory Salat (prayer), and then say: 'Allahumma inn[ astakhiruka bi'ilmika, wa astaqdiruka biqudratika, wa as 'aluka min fadlikal- 'azim, fainnaka taqdiru wa Ia aqdiru, wa talamu wa Ia a ?amu, wa Anta 'AllãmulGhuyub. Allahumma in kunta ta'lamu anna hadhal-amra khairun lift dinT wa ma 'ashi wa 'aqibati amri (or said: ft 'ajili amri wa ajilihi) faqdurhu 11 Wa in kunta ta 'lamu anna hadhalamra sharrun lift dinT wa ma'ashi wa 'aqibati amri (or said: fi'ajili amri wa ajilihi) fasriJhu 'anni was-rifni 'anhu, waqdur ii al-khaira haithu kana, thumma raddini bihi (1) Then he should mention his matter (need) ." (1) (H. 6382) '0 Allah! I consult You as You are All-Knowing, and appeal to You to give me power as You are Omnipotent, and ask You for Your great favour, for You have power, but I don't, and You have knowledge, but I don't have, and You know all=

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(49) CHAPTER. Invoking Allah while performing ablution. 6383. Narrated AbU MUsa: The Prophet j asked for some water and performed the ablution, and then raised his hands (towards the sky) and said, "0 Allah! Forgive 'Ubaid Abi 'Amir." I saw the whiteness of his armpits (while he was raising his hands) and he () added, "0 Allah! Upgrade him over many of your human creatures on the Day of Resurrection."

(50) CHAPTER. Invoking Allah while ascending a high place. 6384. Narrated AbU MUsa: We were in the company of the Prophet on a journey, and whenever we ascended a high place, we

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=hidden matters. 0 Allah, if You know that this matter is good for me in my religion my livelihood, and for my life in the Hereafter (or said: for my present, and future life), then do it for me; and if You know that this matter is evil (not good) for me in my religion, my livelihood, and for my life in the Hereafter (or said: for my present and future life), then keep it away from me and take me away from it, and choose what is good for me wherever it is, and please me with it.'

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used to say Takbir 1 (in a loud voice). The Prophet 46 said, "0 people! Be kind to yourselves, for you are not calling upon a deaf or an absent one, but you are calling an All-Hearer, and an All-Seer." Then he came to me as I was reciting silently, "La haula wa la quwwata i/la billãh." He said, "0 'Abdullãh bin Qais! Say: 'La haula wa Id quwwata i/la billah,' for it is one of the treasures of Paradise." Or he said, "Shall I tell you a word which is one of the treasures of Paradise? It is: La haula wa la quwwata i/la billah ,,(2)

(51) CHAPTER. Invoking Allah while going down a valley. In this respect there is a narration from Jabir L'al (52) CHAFFER. The invocation while going on a journey or returning from a journey.

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In this respect there is a narration from Anas 6385. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L41 t Whenever Allah's Messengerij returned from a Ghazwa or Hajj or 'Umra, he used to say, "A/lãhu-Akbar", three times whenever he went up a high place and then he used to say, "La ilaha illallahu Wahdahu Ia sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahu/-hamdu, wa Huwa 'ala kulli shai'in Qadfr. Ayibuna ta 'ibana, 'ãbidüna lirabbina hamidün. Sadaqallahu

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(1) (H. 6384) 'Allahu Akbar' (Allah is the Most Great). (2) (H.6384) There is neither might nor power except with Allah.

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wa 'dahü, wa nasara 'abdahu, wa hazamalahzaba Wahdahü ,,(1)

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[\vv (53) CHAPTER. Invocation for a bridegroom.

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4 i a: The 6386. Narrated Arias , seeing a yellow mark (of Prophet perfume) on the clothes of 'Abdur-Rabman bin 'Auf, said, "What about you?" 'AbdurRabmãn replied, "I have married a woman with a Mahr of gold equal to a date-stone." The Prophet said, "May Allah bestow His Blessing on you (in your marriage). Give a Walima (wedding banquet) even with one sheep."

My father 6387. Narrated Jãbir 41 died and left behind seven or nine daughters, and I married a matron. The Prophet said, "Did you get married, 0 Jabir?" I replied, "Yes." He asked, "Is she a virgin or a matron?" I replied, "She is a matron." He said, "Why didn't you many a virgin girl so that you might play with her and she with you (or, you might make her laugh and she make you laugh)?" I said, "My father died, leaving seven or nine girls (orphans) and I did not like to bring a young girl like them, so I married a woman who can look after them." (1) (H. 6385) None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, the One and has no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom, and all praise be to Him, and He is Omnipotent. We are returning from our journeys with repentance and worshipping and praising our Lord. He (Allah) has fulfilled His Promise and helped His slave, and He Alone defeated all the Confederates (of disbelievers).

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He said, "May Allah bestow His Blessing on you.,,

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[ur (54) CHAPTER. What one should say before having sexual intercourse with his wife. i 6388. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4 The Prophet said, "If anyone of you, when intending to have a sexual intercourse with his wife, says: 'Bismillah, Allahumma jannibnash-shaitana, wa jannibish-shaitana ma razaqtana, (1) and if the couple are destined to have a child (out of that very sexual relation), then Satan will never be able to harm that child."

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(55) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophetij: "Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good and save us from this torment of the Fire!" (V.2:201) : The most 6389. Narrated Anas i was: frequent invocation of the Prophet "0 Allah! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire." (V.2:201)

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(1) (H. 6388) In the Name of Allah; 0 Allah! Protect us from Satan and prevent Satan from approaching the child You may bestow us with.

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(56) CHAPTER. To seek refuge with Allah from the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of the world. 6390. Narrated Sa'd bin AM Waqqs used to teach us L4i i: The Prophet these words as he used to teach us the Book (the Qur'an) :"O Allah! I seek refuge with you from miserliness, and I seek refuge with You from cowardice, and I seek refuge with You from being sent back to senile old age, and I seek refuge with You from the Fitnah (trial and affliction) of the world and from the punishment in the grave

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(57) CHAPTER. To repeat the invocation. 6391. Narrated 'Aishah Allah's Messenger was affected by magic, so much that he used to think that he had done something which in fact, he did not do, and he invoked his Lord (Allah) (for a remedy). Then (one day) he said, "0 'Aishah! Do you know that Allah has advised me as to the problem I consulted Him about?" 'Aishah said, "0 Allah's Messenger! What's that?" He said, "Two men came to me and one of them sat at my head and the other at my feet, and one of them asked his companion, 'What is wrong with this man?' The latter replied, 'He is under the effect of magic.' The former asked, 'Who has worked magic on him?' The latter replied, 'Labid bin Al-A'am.' The former asked, 'With what did he work the magic?' The latter replied, 'With a comb and the hair, which are stuck to the comb, and the skin of pollen of a date-palm tree.' The

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former asked, 'Where is that?' The latter replied, 'It is in Dharwãn ." Dharwãn was a well in the dwelling place of the (tribe of) Bani Zuraiq. Allah's Messenger went to that well and returned to 'Aishah, saying, "By Allah, the water (of the well) was as red as the infusion of Hinnã ,(1) and the datepalm trees looked like the heads of devils." 'Aishah added, "Allah's Messenger , came to me and informed me about the well. I asked the Prophet 1,'O Allah's Messenger, why didn't you take it out?' He said, 'As for me, Allah has cured me and I hated to draw the attention of the people to such evil (which they might learn and harm others with).' Narrated Hisham's father: 'Aishah said, "Allah's Messenger tj was bewitched, so he invoked Allah repeatedly requesting Him to cure him (from that magic) ." Hishãm then narrated the above narration. [See Vol. 7, Hadith No. 5763, 57651 (58) CHAPTER. To invoke Allah against AlMushrikün [polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad And Ibn Mas'Ud said, "The Prophet . said, "0 Allah! Help me against them by sending seven years (of drought) upon them (the infidels), like the seven years (of drought) of the (days of Prophet) Yusuf (Joseph)." He also said, "0 Allah! Destroy AbU Jahl And Ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet invoked Allah in the Salãt (prayer), saying, '0 Allah! Curse so-and-so and so-and-so, till Allah revealed: "Not for you (0 Muhammad but for Allah) is the decision." (V.3:128) 6392. Narrated Ibn Abi Aufa L4i Allah's Messenger asked for Allah's (1) (H. 6391) A1-iIinna: (Henna) a kind of plant used for dyeing hair.

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Wrath upon the Ahzab (Confederates), saying, "0 Allah, the Revealer of the Holy Book, and the One Swift at reckoning! Defeat the Confederates. Defeat them and shake them."

6393. Narrated Abü Hurairah When the Prophet ; said, "Samial1ahu liman hamidah (Allah heard him who sent his praises to Him)" in the last Rak'a of the 'Isha' prayer, he used to invoke Allah, saying, "0 Allah! Save 'Aiyyãsh bin AN Rabi'a. 0 Allah! Save Al-Walid bin AlWalid. 0 Allah! Save the weak people among the believers. 0 Allah! Be hard on the tribe of Muçlar. 0 Allah! Inflict years of drought upon them like the years (of drought) of (the Prophet) YOsuf (Joseph) ."

6394. Narrated Anas L 'W- i The Prophet44 sent a Sartya' consisting of men called Al-Qurra', and all of them were martyred. I had never seen the Prophet so sad over anything as he was over them. So he said Qunut [invocation in the Salat (prayer)] for one month in the Fajr prayer, invoking for Allah's Wrath upon the tribe of 'Uaiyya and he used to say, "The people of Uaiyya have disobeyed Allah and His Messenger."

(1) (H. 6394) Sartya: Army unit.

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4ui The 6395. Narrated ishah Jews used to greet the Prophet by saying, "As-Samu 'alaika (i.e., death be upon you) so I understood what they said, and I said to them, 'Alaikumus-samu wal-la 'natu (i.e., death and Allah's Curse be upon you) The Prophet said, "Be gentle and calm, 0 'Aishah, as Allah likes gentleness in all affairs I said, "0 Allah's Prophet! Didn't you hear what they said?" He said, "Didn't you hear me answering them back by saying, 'Alaikum, (i.e., the same be upon you)?"

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6396. Narrated 'All bin AN Talib Zi

ic: We were in the company of the Prophet on the day (of the battle) of Al-Khandaq said, "May (the Trench). The Prophet Allah fill their (the infidels') graves and houses with fire, as they have kept us so busy that we could not offer the middle Salat (prayer) till the sun had set; and that Salat was the 'Asr prayer".

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(59) CHAPTER. Invocation in favour of AlMushrikün [polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad ()]. t 6397. Narrated Abü Hurairah At-Tufail bin 'Amr came to Allah's Messenger 49 and said, 110 Allah's

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Messenger! The tribe of Daus has disobeyed (Allah and His Messenger) and refused (to embrace Islam), therefore, invoke Allah's Wrath upon them." The people thought that the Prophet k would invoke Allah's Wrath for them, but he said, "0 Allah! Guide the tribe of Daus and let them come to us."

(60) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet : 110 Allah! Forgive my past and future sins." 6398. Narrated AbU Musa: The Prophet used to invoke Allah with the following invocation: "Rabbigfirli kjai'ati wa jahil wa isrãft ft amri kullihi, wa ma Anta a 'lamu bihi minni. Allahummagflrli khatayaya wa amdi wa jahil wa jiddi; wa ku/lu dha/ika 'mdi. Allahummagfrif7i ma qaddamtu wa ma akhkhartu, wa ma asrartu wa ma a ?antu. Antalmuqaddimu wa Anta/-mu 'akh-khiru, wa Anta 'ala kulli shai'in Qadir." 1

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(1) (H. 6398) '0 my Lord! Forgive my sins and my ignorance and my exceeding the limits (i.e., all my great sins), and what You know better than 1. 0 Allah! Forgive my mistakes, those done intentionally or out of my ignorance or (without) or with seriousness, and I confess that all such mistakes are done by me. 0 Allah! Forgive my sins of the past which I did openly or secretly, and also of the future. You are the One Who makes the things go ahead and You are the One Who delays them, and You are the Omnipotent.'

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6399. Narrated Aba Müsa Al-Ash'ari: The Prophetj used to invoke Allah, saying, "Allahummagf1rli jjati'ati wa jahil, wa israfi fi amrl, wa ma Anta a'lamu bihi minni. Allãhummagfir1i hazli wa jiddi, wa khata 7 wa 'amdi wa kullu-dhalika 'indi." 1

(61) CHAPTER. To invoke Allah during a particular time on Friday (when the invocation is accepted). 6400. Narrated Aba Hurairah i i AbUl-Qasim (the Prophet said, "On Friday there is an hour (opportune - lucky time) and if a Muslim happens to be offering Salat (prayer) and invoking Allah for something good during that time, Allah will surely fulfil his request." The Prophet pointed out with his hand. We thought that he wanted to illustrate the shortness of that time.

(62) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet : "Our invocation against the Jews will be accepted (by Allah), but their

(1) (H. 6399) '0 Allah! Forgive my mistakes and my ignorance and my exceeding the limits (i.e., my great sins) and forgive whatever You know better than 1. 0 Allah! Forgive the wrong I have done jokingly or seriously, and forgive my accidental and intentional errors, all that is present in me.'

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invocations against us will not be accepted." 6401. Narrated Ibn AN Mulaika: 'Aishah ; said, "The Jews came to the Prophet and said to him, "As-Samu 'alaika (i.e., death be upon you) ." He replied, 'The same on you." 'Aishah said to them, "Death be upon you, and may Allah curse you an shower His Wrath upon you!" Allah's Messenger said, "Be gentle and calm, 0 'Aiah! Be gentle nd beware of being harsh and of saying evil things." She said, "Didn't you hear what they said?" He said, "Didn't you hear what I replied (to them)? I have returned their statement to them, and my invocation against them will be accepted but theirs against me will not be accepted."

(63) CHAPTER. The saying of 'Amin'. 6402. Narrated AbU Hurairah i The Prophetij said, "When the Imam says Amin', then you should all say 'Amin', for the angels say 'Amin' at that time, and he whose min'coincides with the min'of the angels, all his past sins will be forgiven."

(64) CHAPTER. The superiority of saying, "Lãilãha illallah.W 6403.NarratedAbUHurairah:: Allah's Messenger 4& said, "Whoever says: La ilaha illallãhu Wahdahü Ia sharika lahu,

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lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu wa Huwa 'ala kulli shai'in Qadir, 1 one hundred times will get the same reward as given for manumitting ten slaves; and one hundred good deeds will be written in his accounts, and one hundred sins will be deducted from his accounts, and it (his saying) will be a shield for him from Satan on that day till night, and nobody will be able to do a better deed except the one who does more than he."

6404. Narrated 'Amr bin MaimUn: Whoever recites it (i.e., the invocation in the above Hadith No. 6403) ten times will be as if he manumitted one of Ismãel's descendants. Narrated Abü AyyUb AI-Ansãri the same Hadith from the Prophet ;, saying, "(Whosoever recites it ten times) will be as if he had manumitted one of Ismael's (Prophet Ishmael's) descendants

(1) (H. 6403) None has the right to be worshipped but Allah (Alone) Who has no partner; to Him belongs the kingdom (of the universe), and for Him are all the praises, and He has the Power to do everything.

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(65) CHAPTER. The superiority of Tasbih [i.e., saying 'Sub/ian Allah' (Glorified be Allah)].(" 6405. Narrated Abfl Hurairah i Allah's Messenger 49, said, "Whoever says, 'Sub/ian Allahi wa bihamdihi,'t2 one hundred times a day, will be forgiven all his sins even if they were as much as the foam of the sea.

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6406. Narrated Abü Hurairah i i The Prophet said, "There are two expressions which are very easy for the tongue to say, but they are very heavy in the balance, and are very dear to the Most Gracious (Allah), and they are: 'Sub,iãn Allãhil- 'Azim' and 'Subhan Allãhi wa bihamdihi.'"

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[voir (66) CHAFFER. The superiority of Dhikr of Allah (remembering Allah i.e., glorifying and praising Him, etc.). 6407. Narrated AbU MUsaS$ : The Prophet jL itr said, "The example of the one who remembers (glorify the Praises of) his Lord (Allah) in comparison to the one who does not remembers (glorify the Praises of) his Lord, is that of a living creature compared to a dead one."

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6408. Narrated Abü Hurairah (1) (Ch. 65) 1 deem Allah above all those unsuitable things ascribed to Him and free Him resembling anything whatsoever in any respect, and I glorify His Praises. (Also see glossary for Sub/ian Allah.) (2) (H 6405) Glorified be Allah, the Most Great! Glorified be Allah and Praised be He.

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said, "Allah has some Allah's Messenger angels who look for those who remember (glorify the Praises of) Allah on the roads and paths. And when they find some people remembering (glorifying the Praises of) Allah, they call each other, saying, 'Come to the object of your pursuit." He added, "Then the angels encircle them with their wings up to the nearest heaven to us. " He added, "[After those people remembered (glorified the Praises of) Allah, and the angels go back to Allah], their Lord asks them (those angels) - though He knows better than them -'What do My slaves say?' The angels reply, 'They say: Subhãn Allah, Allahu-Akbar, and Al-Hamdu-lillãh'. Allah then says, 'Did they see Me?' The angels reply, 'No! By Allah, they didn't see You.' Allah says, 'How it would have been if they saw me?' The angels reply, 'If they saw You, they would worship You more devoutly and remember You (glorify Your Praises) more deeply, and declare Your freedom from any resemblance to anything more often.' Allah says (to the angels), 'What do they ask Me for?' The angels reply, 'They ask You for Paradise.' Allah says (to the angels), 'Did they see it?' The angels say, 'No! By Allah, 0 Lord! They did not see it.' Allah says, 'How it would have been if they saw it?' The angels say, 'If they saw it, they would have greater covetousness for it and would seek it with greater zeal and would have greater desire for it.' Allah says, 'From what do they seek refuge?' The angels reply, 'They seek refuge from the (Hell) Fire.' Allah says, 'Did they see it?' The angels say, 'No! By Allah, 0 Lord! They did not see it.' Allah says, 'How it would have been if they saw it?' The angels say, 'If they saw it they would flee from it with the extreme fleeing and would have extreme fear from it.' Then Allah says, 'I make you

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witnesses that I have forgiven them." (Allah's Messenger ; added:) "One of the angels would say, 'There was so-and-so amongst them, and he was not one of them, but he had just come for some need.' Allah would say, 'These are those people whose companions will not be reduced to misery."

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6409. Narrated Abti MUsa Al-Ash'ari: The Prophet ; started ascending a high place or hill. A man (amongst his companions) ascended it and shouted in a loud voice, "La ilaha illallahu wa-Allãhu Akbar (none has the right to be washipped but Allah; and Allah is the Most Great) -,' (At that time) Allah's Messenger was riding his mule. Allah's Messenger said, "You are not calling upon a deaf or an absent one." And added, "0 AbU MUsa (or, 0 'Abdullah)! Shall I tell you a sentence from the treasures of Paradise?" I said, "Yes." He said, "La haula wa la quwwata illa billah

(68) CHAPTER. Allah has one hundred Names less one (i.e., 99).

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80—THE BOOK OF INVOCATIONS

.0 6410. Narrated AbU Hurairah Allah has ninety-nine Names, i.e., one hundred less one, and whoever complies with (believes in) their meanings and acts accordingly, will enter Paradise; and Allah is J4'7tr (one) and loves Al- War.

(69) CHAPTER. Preaching at intervals 6411. Narrated Shaqiq: While we were waiting for 'Abdullãh (bin Mas'Ud), Yazid bin Mu'awiya came. I said (to him), "Will you sit down?" He said, "No, but I will go into the house (of Ibn Mas'Ud) and let your companion (Ibn Mas'ud) come out to you; and if he should not (come out), I will come out and sit (with you) ." Then 'AbdullAh came out, holding the hand of Ya.zid, addressed us saying, "I know that you are assembled here, but the reason that prevents me from coming out to you is that Allah's Messenger ; used to preach us at intervals during the days, lest we should become bored."

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81—THE BOOK OFAR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts) (i.e., the Hadith that makes the heart soft and tender by affecting the emotions and feelings of the one who hears it.) (1) CHAPTER. Health and leisure (free time for doing good deeds). There is no life worth living except the life in the Hereafter. 6412. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs L4 ii ,.a;: The Prophet said, "There are two blessings which many people lose: (They are) Health and free time for doing good."(')

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81 - THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

looked at us and said, "0 Allah! There is no life worth living except the life of the Hereafter, so (please) forgive the Ansar and the emigrants."

(2) CHAPTER. The example of this world in contrast with the Hereafter. And the Statement of Allah J: "Know that the life of this world is only play and amusement, pomp and mutual boasting among you, and rivalry in respect of wealth and children. (It is) as the likeness of vegetation after rain, thereof the growth is pleasing to the tiller; afterwards it dries up and you see it turning yellow; then it becomes straw. But in the Hereafter (there is) a severe torment (for the disbelievers evil-doers), and (there is) Forgiveness from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure (for the believers - good-doers). And the life of this world is only a deceiving enjoyment."

(V.57:20) 6415. Narrated Sahl: I heard the Prophet saying, "A (small) place equal to an area occupied by a whip in Paradise is better than the (whole) world and whatever is in it; and an undertaking (journey) in the forenoon or in the afternoon for Allah's Cause, is better than the (whole) world and whatever is in it

(3) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet : "Be in this world as if you were a stranger." 6416. Narrated MujAhid: 'AbdullAh bin 'Umar L41 i ; said, "Allah's Messenger

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ç took hold of my shoulder and said, 'Be in this world as if you were a stranger or a traveller." The subnarrator added: Ibn 'Umar used to say, "If you survive till the evening, do not expect to be alive in the morning, and if you survive till the morning, do not expect to be alive in the evening, and take from your health for your sickness, and (take) from your life for your death ,,(1)

(4) CHAPTER. About hope and hoping too much (for long life and worldly pleasures). And the Statement of Allah ): "...And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful.....(V.3:185) And also the Statement of Allah ) "(0 Muhammad!) Leave them to eat and enjoy and let them be preoccupied with (false) hope. They will come to know!" (V.15:3) And 'All bin AN Talib said, "The world is going backward and the Hereafter is coming forwards, and each of the two has its own children; so you should be the children of the Hereafter, and do not be the children of this world, for today there is action (good or bad deeds) but no accounts, and tomorrow there will be accounts, but (there will be) no deeds to be done." 6417. Narrated 'Abdullah i The Prophet ; drew a square and then drew a line in the middle of it and extended it outside the square and then drew several

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small lines attached to that central line, and said, "This is the human being, and this (the square) is his lease of life (his or her day of death) encircles him from all sides (or has encircled him), and this (line) which is outside (the square) is his hope, and these small lines are the calamities and troubles (which may befall him), and if one misses him, another will snap (i.e., overtake) him, and if the other misses him, a third will snap him."

6418. Narrated Anas bin Malik L drew a few lines and said, The Prophet "This is (man's) hope, and this is the instant of his death, and while he is in this state (of hope), the nearer line (death) comes to him."

(5) CHAPTER. If somebody reaches sixty years of age, he has no right to ask Allah for a new lease of life (to make up for his past shortcomings), for Allah )L says: "...Did We not give you lives long enough, so that whoever would receive admonition could receive it? And the warner (of Allah) came to you..." (V.35:37) 6419. Narrated AbU Hurairah said, "Allah will not accept The Prophet the excuse of any person whose instant of death is delayed till he is sixty years of age (1) (H. 6419) Such a person will not have the right to say, "If Allah had given me another lease of life, I would have done good deeds," for he has been given a life long enough for him to do good deeds.

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6420. Narrated Abü Hurairah i I heard Allah's Messenger saying, "The heart of an old man remains young in two respects, i.e., his love for the world (its wealth, amusements and luxuries) and his incessant hope."

6421. Narrated Anas bin Malik i Allah's Messenger said, "The son of Adam (i.e., man) grows old and so also two (desires) grow with him, i.e., his love for wealth and (a wish for) a long life."

(6) CHAPTER. The deed which is done seeking Allah's Countenance (i.e., for the sake of Allah )Li). A narration related by Sa'd deals with this topic. 6422. Narrated MahmUd bin Ar-Rabi'a: I remember that Allah's Messenger #k took water from a bucket (which was in our home

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used for getting water out of a well) with his mouth (and threw it on my face). (See H. 77)

6423. Narrated 'Itban bin Malik Al-Ansãri who was one of the men of the tribe of Ban! Salim: Allah's Messenger came to me and said, "None will come on the Day of Resurrection who has said: 'La ilaha il/allah' (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah) sincerely, seeking Allah's Counetnance (i.e., for Allah's sake only) but will be saved from Hell-fire by Allah." i 6424. Narrated Abi Hurairah Allah's Messenger said, "Allah says, 'I have nothing to give but Paradise as a reward to my slave, a true believer of Islamic Monotheism, who, if I cause his dear friend (or relative) to die, remains patient (and hopes for Allah's Reward)

(7) CHAPTER. The warning regarding worldly pleasures, amusements and competing against each other for the enjoyment thereof. 6425. Narrated 'Amr bin 'Auf, an ally of the tribe of Ban! 'Amir bin Lu'ai and one of those who had witnessed the battle of Badr with Allah's Messenger j: Allah's Messenger sent AbU 'Ubaida bin AlJarrah to Bahrain to collect the Jizya (tax). Allah's Messenger ç had concluded a peace treaty with the people of Bahrain and appointed Al-'Ala; bin Al-Hadrami as their chief; Abü Uaida arrived from Bahrain with the money. The Ansar heard of AbU

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'Ubaida's arrival which coincided with the Fajr Salat (prayer) led by Allah's Messenger . When the Prophetij finished the Salat, (prayer) they came to him. Allah's Messenger jJ smiled when he saw them and said, "I think you have heard of the arrival of AbU 'Ubaida and that he has brought something." They replied, "Yes, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "Have the good news, and hope for what will please you. By Allah, I am not afraid that you will become poor, but I am afraid that worldly wealth will be given to you in abundance as it was given to those (nations) before you, and you will start competing each other for it as the previous nations competed for it, and then it will divert you (from good) as it diverted them

6426. Narrated 'Uqba bin 'Amir: The Prophet went out and offered the funeral Salät (prayer) for the martyrs of the (battle of) Ubud and then ascended the pulpit and said, "I am your predecessor and I am a witness against you. By Allah, I am now looking at my Haud (Al-Kauthar) and I have been given the keys of the treasures of the earth (or he said, "the keys of the earth"). By Allah! I am not afraid that after me you will worship others besides Allah, but I am afraid that you will start competing for (the pleasures of) this world."

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6427. Narrated AbU Sa'id Al-Khudri : Allah's Messenger said, "The thing I am afraid of most for your sake is the worldly blessings which Allah will bring forth to you." It was said, "What are the blessings of this world?" The Prophet ç said, "The pleasures of the world." A man said, "Can the good bring forth evil?" The Prophet kept quiet for a while till we thought that he was being inspired Divinely. Then he started removing the sweat from his forehead and said, "Where is the questioner?" That man said, "I (am present)." AbU Sa'id added: We thanked the man when the result (of his question) was such. The Prophet ; said, "Good never brings forth but good. This wealth (of the world) is (like) green and sweet (fruit), and all the vegetation which grows on the bank of a stream either kills or nearly kills the animal that eats too much of it, except the animal that eats the Khadira (a dnd of vegetation). Such an animal eats till its stomach is full and then it faces the sun and starts ruminating and then it passes out dung and urine and goes to eat again. This worldly wealth is (like) sweet (fruit), and if a person earns it (the wealth) in a legal way and spends it properly, then it is an excellent helper, and whoever earns it in an illegal way, he will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied."(')

(1) (H. 6427) One should not be greedy, for greed brings about destruction. Good itself does not produce evil; what produces evil is the wrong way we adopt in managing what is originally good.

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6428. Narrated Zahdam bin Mudarrib: 'Imrãn bin Husain L41 ii said: The Prophet ; said, "The best amongst you people are my contemporaries [i.e., the present (my) century (generation)] and then those who come after them [i.e., the next century (generation)] ." 'Imrãn added: I am not sure whether the Prophet mentioned two or three centuries generations after your present century (generation). The Prophet ; added, "And after them there will come people who will bear witness, though they will not be asked to give their witness; and they will be dishonest and will not be trustworthy, and they will make vows, but will not fulfil them, and fatness will appear among them." [See Vol. 3, Hadith No. 2651] 6429. Narrated 'Abdullãh i The Prophet ; said, "The best people are those of my century (generation), and then those who will come after them [the next century (generation)], and then those who will come after them [i.e., the next century (generation)], and then after them there will come people whose witness will precede their oaths, and whose oaths will precede their witness." [See Vol. 3, Hadith No. 2652] 6430. Narrated Qais: I heard Khabbab, who had branded his abdomen with seven brands,' saying, "Had Allah's Messenger ; not forbidden us to invoke Allah for death, I would have invoked Allah for death. The Companions of Muhammad have left this world without taking anything of their reward in it (i.e., they will have perfect

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reward in the Hereafter), but we have collected of the worldly wealth that we cannot spend but on earth (i.e., on building houses) ."

6431. Narrated Qais: I came to Khabbab while he was building a wall; and he (Khabbab) said, "Our companions who have left this world did not enjoy anything of their reward therein; while we have collected after them much wealth that we cannot spend but on earth (i.e., on building)

6432. Narrated Khabbab i &..: We emigrated with the Prophet ... (This narration is related in connection with emigration). (See H. 1276)

(8) CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah J: 0 mankind! Verily the Promise of Allah is true. So let not this present life deceive you, and let not the chief deceiver (Satan) deceive you about Allah. Surely, Satan is an enemy to you, so take (treat) him as an enemy. He only invites his Hizb (followers) that they may become the dwellers of the Blazing Fire." (V.35:5,6) 6433. Narrated Ibn Aban i I brought water to 'ULhmãn bin 'Affan to perform the ablution while he was sitting on his seat. He performed ablution in a perfect way and said, "I saw the Prophet performing ablution in this place and he performed it in a perfect way and said, 'Whoever performs ablution as I have 11

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performed this time and then proceeds to the mosque and offers a two Rak'a prayer and then sits there [waiting for the compulsory congregational Salat (prayers), then all his past sins will be forgiven." The Prophet tJ further added, "Do not be conceited [thinking that your sins will be forgiven because of your Salat (prayer)]."(')

(9) CHAPTER. The righteous people will depart (die). 6434. Narrated Mirdãs Al-Aslami: The Prophet said, "The righteous (pious) people will depart (die) in succession one after the other, and there will remain (on the earth) useless people like the useless husk of barley seeds or bad dates, and Allah will not care the least for them

(10) CHAPTER. The Fitnah (trial and affliction) of wealth should be warded off. And the Statement of Allah 1: "Your wealth and your children are only a trial..." (V.64:15) 6435. Narrated AbU Hurairah S$ The Prophet tj said, "Perish the slave of Dinãr, Dirham, Qatifa (thick soft cloth), and Khamisa (a garment) ,2) for if he is given, he (1) (H. 6433) One should not indulge in evil deeds thinking that one's sins will be forgiven by just doing what is mentioned in this Hadith, for Allah accepts the Salat (prayer) and good deeds of righteous people only. (2) (H. 6435) This invocation is against the one whose concern is just to amass money and enjoy the pleasures of the world.

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is pleased; otherwise he is dissatisfied."

I 6436. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4i 131 heard the ProphetJ saying, "If the son of Adam (the human being) had two valleys of money, he would wish for a third, for nothing can fill the belly of Adam's son except dust ,(1) and Allah forgives him who (repents to Him and) begs for His pardon."

6437. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas LL il a: I heard Allah's Messenger saying, "If the son of Adam had money equal to a valley, then he will wish for another similar to it, for nothing can fill (satisfy) the eye of Adam's son except dust. And Allah forgives him who (repents to Him and) begs for His pardon." Ibn 'Abbas said: I do not know whether this saying was quoted from the Qur'an or not. 'Ata' said, "I heard Ibn Az-Zubair saying this narration while he was on the pulpit."

6438. Narrated Sahl bin Sa'd: I heard Ibn Az-Zubair who was on the pulpit

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(1) (H. 6436) (H. 6437): This expression is a metonymy meaning, man continues to love wealth till he dies, for then he will no longer think of collecting wealth.

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at Makkah, delivering a Khutba, saying, "0 men! The Prophet used to say, 'If the son of Adam were given a valley of gold, he would love to have a second one; and if he were given the second one, he would love to have a third, for nothing fills the belly of Adam's son except dust. And Allah forgives him who (repents to Him and) begs for His pardon."

6439. Narrated Anas bin Malik i Allah's Messenger 4kr, said, "If Adam's son had a valley full of gold, he would like to have two valleys, for nothing fills his mouth except dust (1) And Allah forgives him who (repents to Him and) begs for His pardon."

6440. Ubayy said, "We considered this as a saying from the Qur'an till the Sürah (beginning with): 'The mutual rivalry (for piling up of worldly things) diverts you' (V.102:1) was revealed." (11) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet ;: "Wealth is (like) green sweet (fruit) ." And the Statement of Allah )L.s: "Beautified for men is the love of things they covet: women, children..." (V.3:14) And 'Umar said, "0 Allah! We cannot but be happy with those things which You (1) (H. 6439) The idea of death in this Hadith and the few preceding ones is expressed figuratively by the idea of filling one of the parts of the human body with dust.

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have made fair in our eyes. 0 Allah! I request You to give me power to spend all those things in the right way." 6441. Narrated Hakim bin Hizãm : I asked the Prophet ; (for some money) and he gave me, and then again I asked him and he gave 'me, and then again I asked him and he gave me and he then said, "This wealth is (like) green and sweet (fruit), and whoever takes it without greed, Allah will bless it for him, but whoever takes it with greed, Allah will not bless it for him, and he will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied. And the upper (giving) hand is better than the lower (taking) hand."

(12) CHAPTER. Whatever one spends from his money (on good deeds) will be better for him (in the Hereafter). 6442. Narrated 'Abdullãh: The Prophet 49 said, "Who among you considers the wealth of his heirs dearer to him than his own wealth?" They (the Companions) replied, "0 Allah's Messenger! There is none among us but loves his own wealth more. " The Prophet said, "So, his wealth is whatever he spends (in Allah's Cause) during his life (on good deeds) while the wealth of his heirs is whatever he leaves after his death."()

(1) (H. 6442) What one spends during one's lifetime for Allah's sake is what one really owns, because one will get permanent reward for that in the Hereafter.

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(13) CHAPTER. The rich (who do not spend their wealth on good deeds) are in fact the poor (i.e., little rewarded). And the Statement of Allah JL: "Whosoever desires the life of the world and its glitter; to them We shall pay in full (the wages of) their deeds therein, and they will have no diminution therein. They are those for whom there is nothing in the Hereafter but Fire; and vain are the deeds they did therein. And of no effect is that which they used to do" (V.11:15,16) 6443. Narrated Abu Dhar Once I went out at night and found Allah's Messenger jt walking all alone accompanied by no human being, and I thought that perhaps he disliked that someone should accompany him. So I walked in the shade, away from the moonlight but the Prophet looked behind and saw me and said, "Who is that?" I replied, "Abü Dhar, let Allah get me sacrificed for you!" He said, "0 AbU Dhar, come here!" So I accompanied him for a while and then he said, "The rich are in fact the poor (i.e., little rewarded) on the Day of Resurrection except him whom Allah gives wealth which he spends (in charity) to his right, left, front and back, and performs good deeds with it." I walked with him a little longer. Then he said to me, "Sit down here." So he made me sit in an open space surrounded by rocks, and said to me,"Sit here till I come back to you." He went towards Al-Harra till I could not see him, and he stayed away for a long period, and then I heard him saying, while he was coming. "Even if he had committed theft, and even if he had committed illegal sexual intercourse?" When he came, I could not remain patient and asked him, "0 Allah's Prophet! Let Allah get me sacrificed for you! Whom were you speaking to by the side of

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Al-Ijarra? I did not hear anybody responding to your talk." He said, "It was Jibril (Gabriel) who appeared to me beside AlHarra and said, 'Give the good news to your followers that whoever dies without joining others in worship with Allah, will enter Paradise.' I said, '0 Jibril! Even if he had committed theft or committed illegal sexual intercourse?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Even if he has committed theft or committed illegal sexual intercourse?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Even if he has committed theft or committed illegal sexual intercourse?' He said, 'Yes."' (In some copies of Sahih Al-Bukhari it is also mentioned: "Even if he has drunk alcoholic liquors.")

[\1rv (14) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet : "It would not please me to

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have gold equal to this moutain of Uhud." 6444. Narrated Abu Dhar i While I was walking with the Prophet in the Uarra of Al-Madina, Uhud came in sight. The Prophet jW, said, "0 AbU Dhar!" I said, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "I would not like to have gold equal to this moutain of Uhud, unless nothing of it, not even a single Dinär of it remains with me for more than three days, except something which I will keep for repaying debts. I would have spent all of it (distributed it) amongst Allah's slaves like this and like this, and like this." The Prophet jW, pointed out with his hand towards his right, his left and his back (while illustrating it). He proceeded with his walk and said, "The rich are in fact the poor (i.e., little rewarded) on the Day of Resurrection except those who spend their wealth like this, and like this, and like this; to their right, left and back, but such people are few in number." Then he said tome, "Stay at your place and do not leave it till I come back." Then he proceeded in the darkness of the night till he went out of sight, and then I heard a loud voice, and was afraid that something might have happened to the Prophet 49. I intended to go to him, but I remembered what he had said to me, i.e., 'Don't leave your place till I come back to you,' so I remained at my place till he came back to me. I said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I heard a voice and I was afraid." So I mentioned the whole story to him. He said, "Did you hear it?"! replied, "Yes." He said, "It was Jibril (Gabriel) who came to me and said, 'Whoever died without joining others in worship with Allah, will enter Paradise.' I asked (Jibril), 'Even if he had committed theft or committed illegal sexual intercourse?' Gabriel said, 'Yes, even if he had committed theft or committed

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illegal sexual intercourse."'

6445. Narrated Abu Hurairah $ i Allah's Messener 4k., said, "If I had gold equal to the mountain of Ubud, it would not please me that anything of it should remain with me after three nights (i.e., I would spend all of it in Allah's Cause) except what I would keep for repaying debts."

(15) CHAPTER. True riches is selfcontentment. And the Statement of Allah ,iL.: "Do they think that We enlarge them in wealth and children... (up to) . . .and they have other (evil) deeds, besides, which they are doing." (V.23 :55-63) Ibn 'Uyaina said, "They have not done it, but they will surely do it." 6446. Narrated AbU Hurairah t The Prophet . said, "Riches does not mean having a great amount of property, but riches is self-contentment."

(16) CHAPTER. The superiority of being poor. 6447. Narrated Sahl bin Sa'd As-Sa'idi: A man passed by Allah's Messenger , and the Prophet 4Lt, asked a man sitting beside him, "What is your opinion about this (passerby)?" He replied, "This (passer-by) is from

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the noble class of people. By Allah, if he should ask for a lady's hand in marriage, he ought to be given her in marriage, and if he intercedes for somebody, his intercession will be accepted." Allah's Messenger 4k. kept quiet, and then another man passed by and Allah's Messenger . asked the same man (his companion) again, "What is your opinion about this (second) one?" He said, "0 Allah's Messenger! This person is one of the poor Muslims. If he should ask a lady's hand in marriage, no one will accept him, and if he intercedes for somebody, no one will accept his intercession, and if he talks, no one will listen to his talk." Then Allah's Messengerij said, "This (poor man) is betteighan such a large number of the first type (i.e., rich men) as to fill the earth

6448. Narrated AbiTt Wã'il : We paid a visit to Khabbãb who was sick, and he said, "We emigrated with the Prophet J for Allah's sake and our wages became due on Allah Some of us died without having received anything of the wages, and one of them was Mus'ab bin 'Umair, who was martyred on the day (of the battle) of Ubud, leaving only one sheet (to shroud him in). If we covered his head with it, his feet became uncovered, and if we covered his feet with it, his head became uncovered. So the Prophet jLhi ordered us to cover his head with it and to put some Idhkhir (a kind of grass) over his feet. On the other hand, some of us have had the fruits (of our good deed) and are plucking them (in this world) ."

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81 - THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

found that the majority of its dwellers were the poor people, and I looked into the (Hell) Fire and found that the majority of its dwellers were women."

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6451. Narrated 'Aishah jp cui e: When died, nothing which can be the Prophet eaten by a living creature was left on my shelf except some barley grain. I ate of it for a period and when I measured it, it finished.

(17) CHAPTER. How the Prophet 1 and his Companions used to live, and how they gave up their interest in the world. i 6452. Narrated Abu Hurairah By Allah except Whom none has the right to be worshipped, (sometimes) I used to lay (sleep) on the ground on my liver (abdomen) because of hunger, and (sometimes) I used to

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bind a stone over my belly because of hunger. One day I sat by the way from where they (the and his Companions) used to Prophet come out. When AbU Bakr passed by, I asked him about a Verse from Allah's Book and I asked him only that he might satisfy my hunger, but he passed by and did not do so. Then 'Umar passed by me and I asked him about a Verse from Allah's Book, and I asked him only that he might satisfy my hunger, but he passed by without doing so. Finally AbUl-Qasim (the Prophet ) passed by me and he smiled when he saw me, for he knew what was in my heart and on my face. He said, "0 Aba Hirr (AbU Hurairah)!" I replied, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said to me, "Follow me." He proceeded and I followed him. Then he entered the house and I asked permission to enter and was admitted. He found milk in a bowl and said, "From where is this milk?" They said, "It has been presented to you by such and such man (or by such and such woman) ." He said, "0 AN Hirr!" I said, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "Go and call the people of Suffa to me". These people of Suffa were the guests of Islam who had neither families, nor money, nor anybody to depend upon, and whenever an object of charity was brought to the Prophet 49 he would send it to them and would not take anything from it, and whenever any present was given to him, he used to send some for them and take some of it for himself. The order of the Prophet upset me, and I said to myself, "How will this little milk be enough for the people of A-uffa?"t 1 I thought I was more entitled to drink from (1) (H. 6452) They were about eighty men or more and it is a miracle (*) from Allah to the Prophet p, that a small bowl of milk (hardly one kilogram) could be sufficient for over eighty men to drink to their fill. in Vol. I. (*) See the Miracles from Allah to the Prophet

81— THE BOOK OFAR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

that milk in order to strengthen myself, but behold! The Prophet came to order me to give that milk to them. I wondered what will remain of that milk for me, but anyway, I could not but obey Allah and His Messenger , so I went to the people of As-uffa and called them, and they came and asked the Prophet's permission to enter. They were admitted and took their seats in the house. The Prophet said, "0 Aba-Hirr!" I said, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "Take it and give it to them." So I took the bowl (of milk) and started giving it to one man who would drink his fill and return it to me, whereupon I would give it to another man who, in his turn, would drink his fill and return it to me, and I would then offer it to another man who would drink his fill and return it to me. Finally, after the whole group had drunk their fill, I reached the Prophet who took the bowl and put it on his hand, looked at me and smiled and said, "0 Aba Hi,r!" I replied, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "There remain you and I." I said, "You have said the truth, 0 Allah's Messenger!" He said, "Sit down and drink." I sat down and drank. He said, "Drink," and I drank. He kept on telling me repeatedly to drink, till I said, "No, by Allah Who sent you with the Truth, I have no space for it (in my stomach)." He said, "Hand it over to me." When I gave him the bowl, he praised Allah and pronounced Allah's Name on it and drank the remaining milk.

6453. Narrated Sa'd: I was the first man among the Arabs to shoot an arrow for

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Allah's Cause. We used to fight in Allah's Cause while we had nothing to eat except the leaves of Al-Hubla and the Samur trees (desert trees) so that we discharged excrement like that of sheep (i.e., unmixed droppings). Today the (people of the) tribe of Ban! Asad teach me the laws of Islam. If so, then I am lost, and all my efforts of that hard time had gone in vain.

6454. Narrated 'Aishah The family of Muhammad had never eaten wheat bread to their satisfaction for three successive days since their arrival in AlMadina till the death of the Prophet .

i The 6455. Narrated 'Aishah L family of Muhammad ; did not eat two meals on one day, but one of the two was of dates.

The 6456. Narrated 'Aishah bed mattress of the Prophet was made of a leather case stuffed with palm fibres.

6457. Narrated Qatãda: We used to go to Anas bin Mãlik and see his baker standing (preparing the bread). Anas said, "Eat. I have not known that the Prophet ever saw a thin well-baked loaf of bread till he died,

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and he never saw a roasted sheep with his eyes."

i 6458. Narrated 'Aishah LL A complete month would pass by during which we would not make a fire (for cooking), and our food used to be only dates and water unless we were given a present of some meat.

6459. Narrated 'Aishah that she said to 'Urwa "0 the son of my sister! We used to see three crescents in two months, and no fire used to be made in the houses of Allah's Messenger & (i.e., nothing used to be cooked)." 'Urwa said, "What used to sustain you?" 'Aishah said, "The two black things, i.e., dates and water, except that Allah's Messenger jtjt had neighbours from the Ansar who had some milch she-camels, and they used to give the Prophet some milk from their house, and he used to make us drink it."

6460. Narrated AbU Hurairah: Allah's Messenger said, "0 Allah! Give Qutan (provision that is sufficient to live with contentment) to the family of Muhammad

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(18) CHAPTER. The adoption of a middle course (not to go to extremes), and the regularity of one's deeds. 6461. Narrated Masraq I asked 'Aishah , "What deed was the most beloved to the Prophet ?" She said, "The regular constant one." I said, "At what time he use to get up at night [for the Tahajjud night Salat (prayer)]?" She said, "He used to get up on hearing (the crowing of) the cock (in the last third of the night) ."

6462. Narrated 'Aishah t4 i ..a;: The most beloved action to Allah's Messenger was that whose doer did it continuously and regularly.

6463. Narrated Aba Hurairah t Allah's Messenger said, "The deeds of anyone of you will not save you [from the (Hell) Fire] ." They said, "Even you (will not be saved by your deeds), 0 Allah's Messenger?" He said, "No, even I (will not be saved) unless and until Allah protects or covers me with His Grace and His Mercy. Therefore, do good deeds properly, sincerely and moderately, and worship Allah in the forenoon and in the afternoon and during a part of the night, and Al Qasd (always adopt a middle, moderate, regular course) whereby you will reach your A1-Qasd (target i.e., Paradise)."' (1) (H. 6463) The Prophet compares the Muslim to a traveller who should not exert=

81 - THE BOOK OFAR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

t 6464. Narrated 'Aishah Allah's Messenger said, "Do good deeds properly, sincerely and moderately and know that your deeds will not make you enter Paradise, and that the most beloved deeds to Allah are the most regular and constant even though it were few

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6466. Narrated 'Alqama : I asked 'Aishah, Mother of the believers, "0 Mother of the believers! How were the deeds of the Prophet ;? Did he use to do extra deeds of worship on special days?" She said, "No, but his deeds were regular and constant, and who among you is able to do what the Prophet i was able to do (i.e., in worshipping Allah)?"

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news because one's good deeds will not make him enter Paradise." They asked, "Even you, 0 Allah's Messenger?" He said, "Even I, unless and until Allah protects or covers me with His Pardon and His Mercy

i 6468. Narrated Anas bin Malik Once Allah's Messenger led us in Salat (prayer) and then (after finishing it) ascended the pulpit and pointed with his hand towards the Qiblah of the mosque and said, "While I was leading you in Salat (prayer), both Paradise and Hell were displayed in front of me in the direction of this wall, I had never seen a better thing (than Paradise) and a worse thing (than Hell) as I have seen today; I had never seen a better thing and a worse thing as I have seen today."

(19) CHAPTER. Hope (that Allah will forgive one's sins and will accept one's good deeds) with fear (of Allah). And Sufyan said, "There is no Verse in Qur'ãn more hard on me than this one:

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81 - THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

"0 people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! You have nothing (as regards guidance) till you act according to At-Taurat (the Torah) and Al-Injil (the Gospel), and what has (now) been sent down to you from your Lord (the Qur'an).....(V.5 :68) :I 6469. Narrated AbU Hurairah saying, "Verily heard Allah's Messenger Allah created mercy. The day He created it, He made it into one hundred parts. He withheld with Him ninety-nine parts, and sent its one part to all His creatures. Had a disbeliever known of all the mercy which is in the Hands of Allah, he would not have lost hope of entering Paradise, and had a believer known of all the punishment which is present with Allah, he would not have considered himself safe from the Hell-fire

(20) CHAPTER. Refraining patiently from doing those things which Allah has made illegal. And the Statement of Allah ): "...Only those who are patient shall receive their rewards in full, without reckoning." (V.39:10) And 'Umar said, "We have found that our best period of life was while we were patient 6470. Narrated Abti Sa'id: Some people from the Ansar asked Allah's Messenger (to give them something) and he gave to everyone of them who asked him until all that he had was finished. When everything was

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finished and he had spent all that was in his hand, he said to them,"(Know) that if! have any wealth, I will not withhold it from you (to keep for somebody else); and (know) that he who refrains from begging others (or doing prohibited deeds), Allah will make him contented and not in need of others; and he who remains patient, Allah will bestow patience upon him, and he who is satisfied with what he has, Allah will make him selfsufficient. And there is no gift better and vast (you may be given) than patience." 6471. Narrated Al-Mugira bin Shu'ba: The Prophet. used to offer Salãt (prayer) so much that his feet used to become oedematous or swollen, and when he was asked as to why he prays (offers Salat) so much, he would say, "Shall I not be a thankful slave (to Allah)?"

(21) CHAPTER. "...And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, then He (Allah) will suffice him..." (V.65:3) And Ar-Rabi' bin Khuthaim said, "...of all sorts of difficulties that might befall the people 6472. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs Allah's Messenger j9T said, "Seventy thousand people from among my followers will enter Paradise without accounts, and they are those who do not practise ArRuqya' 2 and do not see as evil omen in things, and put their trust in their Lord."

(1) (Ch. 21) Ar-Rabi' said this commenting on the Qur'anic Verse: "...And whosoever fears Allah and keeps his duty to Him, He will make a way for him to get out (from every difficulty)." (2) (H. 6472) Ar-Ru qya: See the glossary.

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(22) CHAPTER. What is disliked about Qil and Qal (i.e., sinful and useless talk). 6473. Narrated Warrad, the clerk of Al-Mugira bin Shu'ba: Mu'awiya wrote to Al-MuthIra: "Write to me a narration you have heard from Allah's Messenger ." So Al-Muthira wrote to him: "I heard him saying the following after each Salat (prayer): 'La ilaha illallahu Wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu, wa Huwa 'ala kulli shai'in Qadir. (1) He used to forbid: (1) QV and Qal (sinful and useless talk like backbiting, etc. or that you talk too much about others), (2) asking too many questions (in disputed religious matters), (3) wasting one's wealth (by extravagance), (4) preventing what should be given (e.g. charity, etc.), (5) to beg of men (i.e., begging), (6) being undutiful to mothers, and (7) burying one's daughters (alive)." (See H. 844)

(23) CHAPTER. To protect one's tongue (from illegal talk, e.g., lying, abusing or backbiting, etc.). (And the Prophet's statement:) "He who

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(1) (H. 6473) None has the right to be worshipped but Allah Alone, Who has no partners. To Him belongs the kingdom (of the universe) and all praises be to Him and He is Omnipotent.

81— THE BOOK OFAR-R!QAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

believes in Allah and the Last Day should talk what is good (sensible talk) or keep quiet." And the Statement of Allah ) "Not a word does he (or she) utter, but there is a watcher by him ready (to record it)." (V.50:18)

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6474. Narrated Sahl bin Sa'd: Allah's Messenger ; said, "Whoever can guarantee (the chastity of) what is between his two jawbones and what is between his two legs (i.e., his mouth, his tongue and his private parts)(') , I guarantee Paradise for him."

ii 6475. Narrated AbU Hurairah Allah's Messenger said, "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should talk what is good (sensible talk) or keep quiet: and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not harm his neighbour; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should entertain his guest generously." [See Hadith No. 6018.]

6476. Narrated AbU Shuraih Al-Khuzã'i: My ears heard and my heart grasped (the statement which) the Prophet . said, "The period for keeping one's guest is three days (and don't forget) his reward." It was asked, "What is his reward?" He said, "In the first night and the day he should be given a high

(1) (H. 6474) i.e., whoever protects his tongue from illegal talk (e.g., to tell lies or abusing, backbiting, etc.) and his mouth from eating and drinking of the forbidden illegal things, etc. and his private parts from illegal sexual acts.

81 — THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

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quality of meals; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should entertain his guest generously; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should talk what is good (sensible talk) or keep quiet."

6477. Narrated AbU Hurairah that he heard Allah's Messenger ; saying, "A slave of Allah may utter a word without thinking whether it is right or wrong, he may slip down in the Fire as far away a distance equal to that between the east

6478. Narrated AbU Hurairah Z The Prophet Lft said, "A slave (of Allah) may utter a word which pleases Allah, without giving it much importance, and because of that Allah will raise him to degrees (of reward): a slave (of Allah) may utter a word (carelessly) which displeases Allah, without thinking of its gravity, and because of that he will be thrown into the Hell-fire."

(24) CHAPTER. Weeping out of fear of Allah. 6479. Narrated Abu Hurairah said, "Allah will give shade The Prophet to seven (types of people) under His Shade (1) (H. 6477) In some narrations it is said, "between the east and the west."

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(on the Day of Resurrection).(') (One of them will be) a person who remembers Allah and his eyes are then flooded with tears."

(25) CHAPTER. To be afraid of Allah

6480. Narrated Iludhaifa: The Prophet : said, "There was a man amongst the people who had suspicion as to the righteousness of his deeds. Therefore he said to his family, 'If I die, take me and burn my corpse and throw away my ashes into the sea on a hot (or windy) day.' They did so, but Allah collected his ash particles and asked (him), 'What made you do what you did?' He replied, 'The only thing that made me do it was that I was afraid of You.' So Allah forgave him."

i 6481. Narrated AM Sa'id The mentioned a man from the Prophet previous generation, or from the people preceding your age, whom Allah had given both wealth and children. The Prophet 9 said, "When the time of his death approached, he asked his children, 'What type of father have I been to you?' They replied, 'You have been a good father.' He said, 'But he (i.e., your father) has not stored any good deeds with Allah (for the Hereafter), if he should face Allah, Allah will punish him. So listen, (0 my children), when I die, burn my body till I become mere coal and then grind it into powder, and when (1) (H. 6479) See Vol. 1, Hadith No. 660 for the seven types.

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there is a stormy wind, throw me (my ashes) in it.' So he took a firm promise from his children (to follow his instructions). And by Allah they (his sons) did accordingly (fulfilled their promise). Then Allah said, 'Be' and behold! That man was standing there! Allah then said, '0 my slave! What made you do what you did?' That man said, 'Fear of You.' So Allah forgave him

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(26) CHAPTER. To give up sinful deeds. 6482. Narrated AbU Musa: Allah's Messenger 4, said, "My example and the example of the Message with which Allah has sent me is like that of a man who came to some people and said, 'I have seen with my own eyes the enemy forces, and I am a naked warner (to you) so save yourself, save yourself!" A group of them obeyed him and went out at night, slowly and stealthily and were safe, while another group did not believe him and thus the army took them in the morning and destroyed them

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6483. Narrated AbU Hurairah i I heard Allah's Messenger saying, "My example and the example of the people is that of a man who made a fire, and when it lighted what was around it, moths and other insects started falling into the fire. The man tried (his best) to prevent them (from falling in the fire), but they overpowered him and rushed into the fire The Prophet 4& added, "Now, similarly I take hold of the knots at your waist (belts) to prevent you from falling into the fire, but you insist on falling into ."

6484. Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr L4: The Prophet 40 said, "A Muslim is the one who avoids harming Muslims with his tongue and his hands. And a Muhajir (an Emigrant) is the one who gives up (abandons) all what Allah has forbidden . ,(2)

(27) CHAPTER. The saying of the Prophet 41~ , "If you knew that which I know, you

would laugh little and weep much ." 6485. Narrated AbU Hurairah Allah's Messenger ift said, "If you knew that which I know, you would laugh little and weep much."

warned the (1) (H. 6483) The fire symbolizes the unlawful deeds which the Prophet people. (2) (H. 6484) The Prophet regards the one who observes the orders of religion and the Emigrant (who left Makkah for Al-Madina for the sake of his religion) as equal in reward. ,

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[vrv :)] 6486. Narrated Anas The Prophet said, "If you knew that which I know, you would laugh little and weep much."

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(28) CHAPTER. The (Hell) Fire is surrounded by all kinds of desires and passions. I 6487. Narrated Abü Hurairah Allah's Messenger jW said, "The (Hell) Fire is surrounded by all kinds of desires and passions, while Paradise is surrounded by all kinds of disliked undesirable things •,,(1)

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81 - THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

6489. Narrated Abü Hurairah The Prophet 4j said, "The truest poetic verse ever said by a poet is: Indeed! Except Allah, everything is Bãtil (i.e., perishable, etc.) ." [See Fat/i Al-Ban and See H. 3841]

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(31) CHAPTER. Whoever intended to do a good deed or a bad deed. 6491. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4L The Prophet ç narrating about his Lord said, "Allah ordered (the angels appointed over you) that the good and the bad deeds be written, and He then showed (the way) how (to write). If somebody intends to do a good deed and he does not do it, then Allah will write for him a full good deed (in his account with Him); and if he intends to do a good deed and actually does it, then Allah will write for him (in his account) with Him (its reward equal) from ten to seven hundred times to many more times; and if somebody intended to do a bad

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81— THE BOOK OFAR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

deed and he does not do it, then Allah will write a full good deed (in his account) with Him, and if he intended to do it (a bad deed) and actually does it, then Allah will write one bad deed (in his account)-,,

(32) CHAPTER. What minor sins should be warded off. 6492. Narrated Ghailan: Anas said, "You people do (bad) deeds (commit sins) which seem in your eyes as tiny (minute) than hair while we used to consider those (very deeds) during the life-time of the as destructive sins." Prophet

(33) CHAPTER. The (results of) deeds done depend upon the last actions. And that one should be afraid of it. 6493. Narrated Sa'd bin Sahl As-Sã'idi: looked at a man fighting The Prophet against Al-Mushrikün [polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad ()] and he was one of the most competent persons fighting on behalf of the Muslims. The Prophet J said, "Let him who wants to look at a man from the dwellers of the (Hell) Fire look at this (man)." Another man followed him and kept on following him till he (the fighter) was injured and, seeking to die quickly, he placed the tip of the blade of his sword between his breasts and leaned over it till it passed through his shoulders (i.e., committed suicide). The Prophet added, "A person may do deeds that seem to

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the people as the deeds of the people of Paradise while in fact, he is from the dwellers of the (Hell) Fire; similarly a person may do deeds that seem to the people as the deeds of the people of the (Hell) Fire while in fact, he is from the dwellers of Paradise. Verily, the (results of) deeds done depend upon the last actions." (See H. 2898)

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(34) CHAPTER. Seclusion is better for a believer than to have evil companions. 6494. Narrated AbU Sa'id Al-Khudri: A bedouin came to the Prophet . and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Who is the best of mankind!" The Prophet . said, "A man who strives for Allah's Cause with his life and property, and (also) a man who lives (all alone) in a mountain path among the mountain paths to worship his Lord (Allah) and save the people from his evil."

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come a time upon the people when the best property of a Muslim will be sheep which he will take to the tops of mountains and to the places of rainfall; and he will run away with his religion (in order to save it) from Al-Fitan {j'jCtioflS, trials) ."

(35) CHAPTER. The disappearance of AlAmanah. 1 6496. Narrated AbU Hurairahi ii Allah's Messenger said, "When Al-Amanah 1 is lost, then wait for the Hour." It was asked, "How will Al-Amanah be lost, 0 Allah's Messenger?" He said, "When authority is given to those who do not deserve it, then wait for the Hour."

6497. Narrated Hudhaifa ZL.Zi Allah's Messenger 4Lv, narrated to us two narrations, one of which I have seen (happening) and I am waiting for the other. He narrated that (in the beginning) AlAmanah' was preserved in the roots of the hearts of men and then they learnt it (AlAmanah) from the Qur'an, and then they learnt it from the (Prophet's) Sunna (legal ways). He also told us about its disappearance, saying, "A man will go to sleep whereupon Al-Amanah will be taken away from his heart, and only its trace will (1) (Ch. 35) (H. 6496) (H. 6497) Al-Amanah: The trust or the moral responsibility or honesty, etc. and all the duties which Allah has ordained.

81 - THE BOOK OF AR-RIQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

remain, resembling the traces of fire. He then will sleep whereupon the remainder of the A1-Amanah will also be taken away (from his heart) and its trace will resemble a blister which is raised over the surface of skin as an ember touches one's foot; and in fact, this blister does not contain anything. So there will come a day when people will deal in business with each other but there will hardly be any trustworthy persons among them. Then it will be said that in such and such a tribe there is such and such person who is honest, and a man will be admired for his intelligence, good manners and strength, though indeed he will not have belief equal to a mustard seed in his heart." The narrator added: There came upon me a time when I did not mind dealing with anyone of you, for if he was a Muslim, his religion would prevent him from cheating, and if he was a Christian, his Muslim ruler would prevent him from cheating; but today I cannot deal except with so-and-so and so-and-so. [See Vol. 9, Hadith No. 70861

6498. Narrated 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar, ; i : I heard Allah's Messenger saying, "People are just like camels, out of one hundred, one can hardly find a single camel suitable to ride."

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(36) CHAPTER. (Worshipping Allah in public just for) showing off; (and talking or hinting about one's own deeds of worship, or letting the people) hear (of his good deeds to win their praise) for the same purpose. 6499. Narrated Jundub: The Prophet said, "He who lets the people hear of his good deeds intentionally, to win their praise, Allah will let the people know his real intention (on the Day of Resurrection), and he who does good things in public to show off and to win the praise of the people, Allah will disclose his real intention (and humiliate him)."

(37) CHAPTER. Whoever compelled himself to obey Allah 6500. Narrated Mu'adh bin Jabal While I was riding behind the Prophet as a companion rider and there was nothing between me and him except the back of the saddle, he said, "0 Mu'adh!" I replied, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger, and Sa'daik!" He proceeded for a while and then said, "0 Mu'adh!" I said, "Labbaik 0 Allah's Messenger, and Sa 'daik!" He again proceeded for a while and said, "0 Mu'ãdh bin Jabal!" I replied, "Labbaik, 0 Allah's Messenger, and Sa 'daik!" He said, "Do you know what is Allah's Right upon His slaves?" I replied, "Allah and His Messenger know better." He said, "Allah's Right on His

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slaves is that they should worship Him and not worship anything else besides Him ." He then proceeded for a while, and again said, "0 Mu'ãdh bin Jabal!" I replied, "Labbaik, o Allah's Messenger, and Sa'daik!" He said, "Do you know what is (Allah's) slaves' right on Allah if they did so?" I replied, "Allah and His Messenger know better." He said, "The right of the slaves upon Allah is that He should not punish them (if they did so) ."

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6502. Narrated AbU Hurairah Z i Allah's Messenger*,said, "Allah said 'I will declare war against him who shows hostility

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to a pious worshipper of Mine. And the most beloved things with which My slave comes nearer to Me, is what I have enjoined upon him; and My slave keeps on coming closer to Me through performing Nawafil (praying or doing extra deeds besides what is obligatory) till I love him, then I become his sense of hearing with which he hears, and his sense of sight with which he sees, and his hand with which he grips, and his leg with which he walks; and if he asks Me, Twill give him, and if he asks My Protection (Refuge), I will protect him (i.e., give him My Refuge); and I do not hesitate to do anything as I hesitate to take the soul of the believer, for he hates death, and I hate to disappoint him."

(39) CHAPTER. The saying of the Prophet lj: "1 have been sent, and the Hour (is at hand) as these two (fingers)."") And the Statement of Allah )t...: "... And the matter of the Hour is not but as a twinkling of the eye, or even nearer. Truly! Allah is Able to do all things." (V.16:77) 6503. Narrated Sahi: Allah's Messenger 49 said, "I have been sent and the Hour (is at hand) as these two," pointing at his two fingers and projecting them out.

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6505. Narrated AbU Hurairah The Prophet said, "I have been sent and the Hour (is at hand) as these two (fingers) ."

(40) CHAPTER. The rising of the sun from the west. 6506. Narrated Abü Hurairah L i Allah's Messenger *j said, "The Hour will not be established till the sun rises from the west, and when it rises (from the west) and the people see it, then all of them will believe (in Allah). But that will be the time when, '...No good it will do to a person to believe then if he believed not before.' (V.6:158) The Hour will be established (so suddenly) that two persons spreading a garment between them will not be able to finish their bargain, nor will they be able to fold it up. The Hour will be established while a man is carrying the milk of his she-camel, but cannot drink it; and the Hour will be established when someone is not able to prepare the tank to water his livestock from it; and the Hour will be established when some of you has raised his food to his mouth but cannot eat it."

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(41) CHAPTER. Whoever loves to meet Allah, Allah (too) loves to meet him. 6507. Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit The Prophet said, "Whoever loves to meet Allah, Allth (too) loves to meet him, and whoever hates to meet Allah, Allah (too) hates to meet him". 'Aishah, or some of the wives of the Prophet said, "But we dislike death." He said, "It is not like this, but it is meant that when the time of the death of a believer approaches, he receives the good news of Allah's Pleasure with him and His Blessings upon him, and so at that time nothing is dearer to him than what is in front of him. He therefore loves the Meeting with Allah, and Allah (too) loves the Meeting with him. But when the time of the death of a disbeliever approaches, he receives the evil news of Allah's Torment and His Requital, whereupon nothing is more hateful to him than what is before him. Therefore, he hates the Meeting with Allah, and Allah too, hates the Meeting with him."

6508. Narrated AbU MUsa: The Prophet lj said, "Whoever loves the Meeting with Allah, Allah (too), loves the Meeting with him; and whoever hates the Meeting with Allah, Allah (too), hates the Meeting with him."

6509. Narrated 'Aishah, the wife of the Prophet : When Allah's Messenger jit was in good health, he used to say, "No Prophet's

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81- THE BOOK OFAR-RJQAQ (Softening of the Hearts)

soul is ever captured unless he is shown his place in Paradise and given the option (to die or survive)." So when the death of the Prophet approached and his head was on my thigh, he became unconscious for a while and then he came to his senses and fixed his eyes on the ceiling and said, "0 Allah (with) the highest companion." I said, "Hence he is not going to choose us." And I came to know that it was the application of the narration which he (the Prophet ) used to narrate to us. And that was the last statement of the Prophetij (before his death) i.e.," 0 Allah! With the highest companion." [See the Qur'an: (V.4:69)]

(42) CHAPTER. The stupors of death. 6510. Narrated 'Aishah There was a leather or wood container full of water in front of Allah's Messengerj (at the time of his death). He would put his hand into the water and rub his face with it, saying, "La ilãha illallah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah)! No doubt, death has its stupors." Then he raised his hand and started saying, "(0 Allah!) with the highest companion" (and kept on saying it) till he expired and his hand dropped. [See Qur'an V.4:69.1

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6511. Narrated 'Aishah ii i Some rough bedouins used to visit the Prophet and ask him, "When will the Hour be?" He would look at the youngest of all of them and say, "If this should live till he is very old ,your Hour (the death of the people addressed) will take place." Hishãm said that he meant (by the Hour), their death.

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confirmed them - and indeed you have appointed Allah your surety..." (V.16:91) i 6676. Narrated 'Abdullah said, "If somebody is Allah's Messenger ordered (by the ruler or the judge) to take an oath, and he takes a false oath in order to grab the property of a Muslim, then he will incur Allah's Wrath when he will meet Him." And Allah revealed in its confirmation: "Verily, those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Convenant and their oaths.....(V.3:77)

6677. (The subnarrator added:) AlAsh'ath bin Qais entered saying, "What did Abu 'Abdur-Rahman narrated to you?" They said, "So-and-so." Al-Ash'ath said, "This Verse (V.3 :77) was revealed in my connection. I had a well on the land of my cousin (and we had a dispute about it). I reported him to Allah's Messenger iij who said (to me), 'You should bring witnesses otherwise the oath of your opponent will render your claim invalid.' I said, 'Then he (my opponent) will take the oath, 0 Allah's said, Messenger.' Allah's Messenger 'Whoever is ordered (by the ruler or the judge) to give an oath, and he takes a false oath in order to grab the property of a Muslim, then he will incur Allah's Wrath when he will meet Him on the Day of Resurrection.' " (See H. 2357) (18) CHAPTER. To swear (to do or not to do) something which is not in one's power (to do or not) ; and to swear to do an act of disobedience or to take an oath in a state of anger.

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6678. Narrated AbU MUsa: My companions sent me to the Prophet j to ask him for some mounts. He said, "By Allah! I will not mount you on anything!" When I met him, he was in an angry mood, but when I met him (again), he said, "Tell your companions that Allah or Allah's Messenger will provide you with mounts."

6679. Narrated Az-Zuhri: I heard 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair, Sa'id bin Al-Musaiyab, Alqama bin Waqqa and 'Ubaidullãh bin 'Abdullãh bin 'Uqba relating from 'Aishah e; the wife of the Prophet the narration of the people (i.e., the liars) who spread the slander against her and they said what they said, and how Allah revealed her innocence. Each of them related to me a portion of that narration. (They said that 'Aishah said), "Then Allah revealed the ten Verses starting with: 'Verily! Those who brought forth the slander...' (V.24:11-21) All these Verses were in proof of my innocence. AbU Bakr ASiddiq who used to provide for Mistah some financial aid because of his relationship to him, said, 'By Allah, I will never give anything to Mistab after what he has said about 'Aishah Then Allah revealed: 'And let not those among you who are blessed with graces and wealth swear not to give (any sort of help) to their kinsmen...' (V.24:22) "On that, AbU Bakr said, 'Yes, by Allah, I like that Allah should forgive me.' And then resumed giving Mistati the aid he used to give (1) (H. 6679) Mistab was one of those who spread false rumour about 'Aishah.

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him and said, 'By Allah! I will never withhold it from him.'

, 6680. Narrated AbU Musa Al-Ash'ari: I went along with some men from the Ash'ariyun to Allah's Messenger ; and it happened that I met him while he was in an angry mood. We asked him to provide us with mounts, but he swore that he would not give us any. Later on he said, "By Allah, If Allah will, if ever I take an oath (to do something) and later on I find something else better than the first, then I do the better one and give expiation for the dissolution of my oath."

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[rrr (19) CHAPTER. If one says: "By Allah! I will not speak today," and then offers Salat (prayer) or recites the Qur'an or says, Subhãn Allah or AI-Hamdu Iillah or La ilãha u/allah, he will be (judged by Allah) according to his intentions.' And the Prophet ttj said, "The best things to say are four (expressions) i.e., (A) Subhan Allah, (B) Al-Hamdulillãh, (C) La ilaha illaIlah and (D) Allahu Akbar 2 . And Aba Sufyan said, "The Prophet wrote to Heraclius: 'O the people of the Scripture (Jews and

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Christians)!] Come to a word that is just between us and you that we worship none but Allah...'" (V.3:64) Mujahid said: The word referred to above is the word of piety, i.e., La ilaha illallah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah).

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6681. Narrated A1-Musaiyyab: When the death of AbU Talib approached, Allah's MessengeriJt came to him and said, "Say: La ilaha illallah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah), a sentence with which I will be able to defend you before Allah."

6682. Narrated Abci Hurairah Allah's Messenger ; said, "(There are) two expressions or utterances that are very easy for the tongue to say, and very heavy in the balance, and the most beloved to the Most Gracious (Allah). (And they are): Sub,zan Allahi Wa bi-hamdiht; Subhãn Allãhil'Azim

6683. Narrated 'Abdullãh .L Allah's Messenger said a sentence and I said another. He said, "Whoever dies while he is setting up rivals along with Allah (i.e., worshipping others along with Allah) shall enter the (Hell) Fire." And I said the other: "Whoever dies while he is not setting up rivals along with Allah (i.e., worshipping (1) (H. 6682) "I deem Allah above all those unsuitable things ascribed to Him and free Him from resembling anything whatsoever, and I glorify His Praises! I deem Allah the Most Great, above all those unsuitable things ascribed to Him and free Him from resembling anything whatsoever."

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none except Allah) shall enter Paradise." [See Vol. 6, Hadith No. 4497]

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6686. Narrated Sauda i the wife of the Prophet : One of our sheep died and we tanned its skin and kept on infusing dates in it till it was a worn out water-skin.

(22) CHAPTER. If someone takes an oath that he will not eat Udm (cooked food-dish, meat, etc.) and then he eats dates with bread, (will his oath be regarded as dissolved)? And what sort of food is to be considered as 17dm (cooked food-dish etc.) 6687. Narrated 'Aishah i The family of (the Prophet) Muhammad . never ate wheat bread with cooked food-dish (meat, etc.) for three consecutive days to their fill, till he met Allah (i.e., till the Prophet i died).

6688. Narrated Anas bin Mãlik Z i Abu Talba said to Umm Sulaim, "I heard the voice of Allah's Messenger rather weak, and I knew that it was because of hunger. Have you anything (to present to the Prophet )?" She said, "Yes." Then she took out a few loaves of barley bread and took a veil of her and wrapped the bread with a part of it and sent me to Allah's Messenger . I went and found Allah's Messenger sitting in the mosque with some people. I stood up before him. Allah's Messenger 4kr said to me, "Has

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AbU Talba sent you?" I said, "Yes." Then Allah's Messenger said to those who were with him, "Get up and proceed." I went ahead of them (as their forerunner) and came to AbU Talba and informed him about it. Abü Talba said, "0 Umm Sulaim! Allah's has come (with his Messenger Companions) and we have no food to feed them." Umm Sulaim said, "Allah and His Messenger know better." So Abu Talba went out (to receive them) till he met Allah's Messenger . Allah's Messenger ; came in company with AbU Talba and they entered the house. Allah's Messenger A said, "0 Umm Sulaim! Bring whatever you have." So she brought that (barley) brLad and Allah's Messenger ordered that bread to be broken into small pieces, and then Umm Sulaim poured over it some butter from a leather butter container, and then Allah's Messenger ; said what Allah wanted him to say, (i.e., invoked Allah to bless that food). Allah's Messenger ijt then said, "Admit ten men." AbU Talba admitted them and they ate to their fill and went out. He () again said, "Admit ten men." He admitted them, and in this way all the people ate to their fill, and they were seventy or eighty men

(23) CHAPTER. The intention in taking oaths. 6689. Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattãb i I heard Allah's Messenger

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saying, "The (reward of) deeds depend upon the intentions; and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrates for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, then his emigration will be considered to be for Allah and His Messenger, and whoever emigrates for the sake of worldly gain or to marry a women, then his emigration will be considered to be for what he emigrated for." 1

(24) CHAPTER. If a person gives his property in charity because of a vow and as an expiation for sins (in repentance). 6690. Narrated Ka'b bin Malik in the last part of his narration about the three who remained behind (from the battle of Tabük). (I said), "As a proof of my true repentance (for not joining the battle of TabUk), I shall give up all my property for the sake of Allah and His Messenger (as an expiation for that sin)." The Prophet ; said (to me), "Keep some of your wealth, for that is better for YOU."

(25) CHAPTER. If someone makes some food unlawful for himself. (1) (H. 6689) In the Hereafter, everyone will be judged according to his intentions.

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And the Statement of Allah i: "0 Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has allowed to you, seeking to please your wives7 ..... (V.66:1) And also His Statement: "0 you who believe! Make not unlawful the Tayyi bat (all that is good as regards foods, deeds, beliefs, persons, things, etc.) which Allah has made lawful to you.....(V.5 :87) i ;: The 6691. Narrated 'Aishah Prophet used to stay (for a period) in the house of Zainab bint Jahsh (one of the wives of the Prophet and he used to drink honey in her house. Hafsa and I decided that entered upon either of when the Prophet us, she would say: "I smell in you the bad smell of Magj1afir (a bad smelling rasin). Have you eaten Magjafir?" When he entered upon one of us, she said that to him, he replied (to her), "No, but I have drunk honey in the house of Zainab hint Jahsh, and I will never drink it again." Then the following Verse was revealed: "0 Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has allowed to you9 .....(V.66:1) (Also His Statement): "...If you two (wives of the Prophetij namely 'Aishah and Hafsa) turn in repentance to Allah.. (V.66:4) The two were 'Aishah and Hafsa. And also the Statement of Allah "And (remember) when the Prophet () disclosed a matter in confidence to one of his wives (I1afa).....(V.66 :3) i.e., his saying, "But I have drunk honey." Hishãm said: It also meant his saying, "I will not drink anymore, and I have taken an oath, so do not inform anybody of that."

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(26) CHAPTER. To fulfil one's vow. And the Statement of Allah )t.: "They (are those who) fulfil (their) vows.. (V.76:7)

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6692. Narrated Sa'id bin Al-Hãrith that he heard Ibn 'Umar L4! i saying, "Weren't the people forbidden to make vows? The Prophet said, 'A vow neither hastens nor delays anything, but by the making of vows some of the wealth of a miser is spent.' (1)

6693. Narrated 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar, ; The Prophet lj forbade the making of vows and said, "It (a vow) does not prevent anything (that has to take place), but the property of a miser is spent (taken out) with it."

6694. Narrated AbU Hurairah The Prophet said, "Allah says, 'The vow does not bring about for the son of Adam anything I have not decreed for him, but his vow may coincide with what has been decided for him, and by this way I cause a miser to spend of his wealth. So he gives Me (spends in charity) for the fulfilment of what has been decreed for him what he would not give Me before but for his vow.'"

(1) (H. 6692) Miserly people do not spend willingly and without compensation in this life. So, by means of vows, they have to spend their money when their worldly wishes are fulfilled.

83- THE BOOK OF OATHS AND VOWS

(27) CHAPTER. The sin of him who does not NMI his vow. 6695. Narrated Zahdam bin Mudarrib: 'Imrãn bin Husain said, "The Prophet h said, 'The best of you (people) are my century (generation), then those who will come after them, and then those who will come after the second centuiy (generation)" 'Imran added, "I do not remember whether he mentioned two or three centuries (generations) after his century (generation). (The Prophet ;) added, "Then will come some people who will make vows but will not fulfil them; and they will be dishonest and will not be trustworthy, and they will give their witness without being asked to give their witness, and fatness will appear among them." (28)CHAPTER. To vow for to be obedient to Allah. And the Statement of Allah J1i: "And whatever you spend for spendings (e.g. Sadaqa—charity, etc. for Allah's Cause) or whatever vow you make..." (V.2:270) 6696. Narrated 'Aishah 14i i : The Prophet said, "Whoever vows that he will be obedient to Allah, should remain obedient to Him; and whoever made a vow that he will disobey Allah, should not disobey Him."

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6698. Narrated Said bin 'UbAda Al-AnAri that he consulted the Prophet about a vow that had been made by his mother who died without fulfiling it. The Prophet gave his verdict that he should fulfil it on her behalf. The verdict became Sunna [i.e., the Prophet's Sunna (legal way)] ."

6699. Narrated Ibn 'AbbAs Zi A man came to the Prophet and said to him, "My sister vowed to perform the Hajj, but she died (before fulfiling it) ." The Prophet said, "Would you not have paid her debts if she had any?" The man said, "Yes." The Prophet 40 said, "So pay Allah's Rights, as He is more entitled to receive His Rights."

(1) (H. 6697) I'tikaf: See the glossary.

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(31) CHAPTER. To vow for something which one does not possess, and to vow for something sinful. ii The 6700. Narrated 'Aishah said, "Whoever vowed to be Prophet obedient to Allah, must be obedient to Him; and whoever vowed to be disobedient to Allah, should not be disobedient to Him

The 6701. Narrated Anas i Prophet . said, "Allah is not in need of this (man) torturing himself," when he saw the man walking between his two Sons (who were supporting him)'.

6702. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L41. The Prophet uz. saw a man performing Ta waf around the Ka'bah, tied with a rope or something else (while another person was holding him). The Prophet uT cut that rope off. i 6703. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs While performing the Tawaf around the Ka'bah, the Prophet jLhr passed by a person leading another person by a hair-rope nose(1) (H. 6701) The man had vowed that he would perform the Hajj on foot though he was old and sick.

83—THE BOOK OF OATHS AND VOWS

ring in his nose. The Prophet . cut the hairrope nose-ring off with his hand and ordered the man to lead him by the hand.

6704. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas .4i While the Prophet was delivering a Khuba (religious talk), he saw a man standing, so he asked about that man. They (the people) said, "It is Abu Isrã'l who has vowed that he will stand and never sit down, and he will never come in the shade, nor speak to anybody, and will observe fasting." The Prophet . said, "Order him to speak and let him come in the shade, and make him sit down, but let him complete his fast."

(32) CHAPTER. If somebody has vowed that he will observe Saum (fast) for a few successive days and then those days appear to coincide with 'Eid-uI-Adhä or 'Eld-ul-FiEr (should he observe fast then or make expiation, or observe fast on other days)?. 6705. Narrated 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar that he was asked about a man who had vowed that he would observe Saum (fast) all the days of his life ; then the day of 'Eld-ulAdha or 'Eid-ul-Fitr came. 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar said: "Indeed in the Messenger of Allah tJ you have a good example (to follow). He did not observe fast on the day of 'Eid-ul-Adha or the day of 'Eid-ul-Fitr, and we do not fast on these two days

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6706. Narrated Ziyad bin Jubair: I was with Ibn 'Umar when a man asked him, "I have vowed to observe fast every Tuesday or Wednesday throughout my life; and if the day of my fasting coincided with the day of Nahr (the first day of 'Eid-ul-Adha), (what shall I do)?" Ibn 'Umar said, "Allah has ordered the vows to be fulfiled, and we are forbidden to observe fast on the day of Nazr." The man repeated his question and Ibn 'Umar repeated his former answer, adding nothing more.

(33) CHAPTER. Can the land, sheep, farms and one's belongings be included in one's vows and oaths? And Ibn 'Umar said: 'Umar said to the Prophet , "I have a piece of land better than which I never had." The Prophet said, "If you wish, you may keep this land in your custody and spend its output in charity." And AbU Tallia said to the Prophet M, "Bairuba' (garden) is the most beloved property to me from all my properties." Bairuhã' was a garden belonging to him, situated opposite the (Prophet's) mosque. [See Vol. 6, Hadith No. 4554] 6707. Narrated AbU Hurairah L Zi We went out in the company of Allah's Messenger on the day of (the battle of) Khaibar, and we did not get any gold or silver as war booty, but we got property in the form

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of things and clothes. Then a man, called Rifã'a bin Zaid, from the tribe of Ban! Adubaib presented a slave named Mid'am to Allah's Messenger . Allah's Messenger headed towards the valley of A1-Qurã, and when he was in the valley of Al-Qura, an arrow thrown by an unidentified person, struck and killed Mid'am who was making a she-camel of Allah's Messenger 40 kneel down. The people said, "Congratulations to him (the slave) for gaining Paradise." Allah's Messenger J said, "No! By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, for the sheet which he stole from the war booty before its distribution on the day of Khaibar, is now burning over him." When the people heard that, a man brought one or two Shirãk (leather straps of shoes) to the Prophet . The Prophet said, "A Shirak of fire, or two Shirak of fire."

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(1) CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah 3: "(Then for the) expiation (of a deliberate oath) feed ten Masakin (poor persons)..." And what the Prophet . ordered when the following Verse was revealed: "must pay a Fidyah (ransom) of either observing Saum (fasts) (for three days) or giving Sadaqa (charity - six poor persons) or feeding or offering a sacrifice (one sheep) (V.2:196) Ibn 'Abbãs, 'Atã' and 'Ikrima said, "Whenever the word 'or' occurs in the Qur'an, then the person intended has the option to fulfil any of the alternatives specified." The Prophet . gave Ka'b the option as regards the expiation (for his oath). 6708. Narrated Ka'b bin 'Ujra: I came to the Prophet . and he said to me, "Come near." So I went near to him and he said, 'Are your lice troubling you?" I replied, "Yes." He said, "(Shave your head and) make expiation in the form of Siyam (fasting), Sadaqa (giving in charity), or offering a sacrifice (The subnarrator) Ayyiib said, "As-Siyam (fasting) should be for three days, and the Nusuk (sacrifice) is to be of a sheep, and the Sadaqa is to be given to six poor persons." k LJt :J

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your Maula (Lord, Master, Protector) and He is the All-Knower, the All-Wise." (V.66:2) 6709. Narrated AbU Hurairah A man came to the Prophet 4# and said, "I am ruined!" The Prophet asked, "What is the matter with you?" He said, "I had sexual relation with my wife (while I was fasting) in Ramadan." The Prophet said, "Have you got enough to manumit a slave?" He said, "No." The Prophetlj said, "Can you observe Saum (fast) for two successive months?" The man said, "No." The Prophet . said, "Can you afford to feed sixty poor persons?" The man said, "No." Then the Prophet said to him, "Sit down," and he sat down. Afterwards an 'Araq, i.e., a big basket, containing dates was brought to the Prophet , and the Prophet j said to him, "Take this (basket of dates) and give it in charity." The man said, "To poorer people than us?" On that, the Prophet smiled till his premolar teeth became visible, and then told him, "Feed your family with it." [See Vol. 3, Hadith No. 19361

(3) CHAPTER. The man who helped another person in difficult circumstances to make an expiation (for the latter's fault). i 6710. Narrated Abü Hurairah A man came to the Prophet jti and said, "I am ruined!" The Prophet said, "What is the matter with you?" He said, "I had sexual relation with my wife (while fasting) in Ramadan." The Prophet , said to him, "Can you afford to manumit a slave?" He said, "No." The Prophet said, "Can you observe Saum (fast) for two successive

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months?" He said, "No." The Prophet said, "Can you afford to feed sixty poor persons?" He replied in the negative. Later on, an 'Araq (big basket) containing dates was presented to the Prophet , and the said (to him), "Take this basket Prophet and give it in charity." The man said, "To poorer people than we! 0 Allah's Messenger? By Him who has sent you with the Truth! Indeed, there is no house in between the two mountains (of the city of AlMadina) poorer than us." So the Prophet said (to him), "Go and feed it to your family."

(4) CHAPTER. For expiation (of one's oath) one should feed ten poor persons no matter whether they are relatives or not. 6711. Narrated Aba Hurairah Z A man came to the Prophet and said "I am ruined!" The Prophet asked, "What is the matter with you?" He said, "I had sexual relation with my wife (while I was fasting) in Ramadan." The Prophet ; said to him, "Can you afford to manumit a slave?" He said, "No." The Prophet 4bF, said, "Can you observe Saum (fast) for two successive months?" He said, "No." The Prophet jW said, "Can you afford to feed sixty poor persons. He said, "I have nothing." Later on an 'Araq (big basket) containing dates was presented to the Prophet ç and the Prophet said (to him), "Take this basket and give it in charity." The man said, "To poorer people than us? Indeed, there is nobody between its (i.e., Al-Madina's) two mountains who is poorer than we." The Prophet ij then said, "Take it and feed your family with it."

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6712. Narrated Al-Ju'aid bin 'AbdurRahmãn: As-Sã'ib bin Yazid said, "The $ã' at the time of the Prophet j was equal to one Mudd plus one-third of a Mudd of your time, and then, it was increased during the caliphate of 'Umar bin 'Abdul-Aziz."

6713. Narrated Nãfi': Ibn 'Umar used to give the Zakãt of Ramadan (Zakat-ul-Fitr) according to the Mudd of the Prophet , the first Mudd, and he also used to give things for expiation for oaths according to the Mudd of the Prophetij. AbU Qutaiba said, "Malik said to us, 'Our Mudd (i.e., of Al-Madina) is better than yours' and we do not see any superioriTy except in the Mudd of the Prophet ,(2) Malik further said to me, 'If a ruler came to you and fixed a Mudd smaller than the one of the Prophet , by what Mudd would you measure what you give (for expiation or Zakt-u1-Fi1r)?' I replied, 'We would give it according to the Mudd of the Prophet .' On that, Mãlik said, 'Then, don't you see that we have to revert to the Mudd of the Prophet ; ultimately?'"

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6714. Narrated Anas bin Mãlik i Allah's Messenger said, "0 Allah! Bestow Your Blessings on their measures, Sa' and Mudd (i.e., of the people of Al-Madina)".

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6715. Narrated AbU Hurairah 1 ji The Prophet said, "If somebody manumits a Muslim slave, Allah will save from the (Hell)l Fire every part of his body for freeing the corresponding parts of the slave's body, even his private parts (will be saved from the Fire) because of freeing the slave's private parts."

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6716. Narrated 'Amr: Jabir said: An Ansãrt man made his slave a Mudabbar and he had no property other than the slave. When the Prophet heard of that, he said (to his Companions), 'Who wants to buy him (i.e., the slave) from me?' Nu'aim bin An-Nahham bought him for eight hundred Dirham. I heard Jabir saying, "That was a Coptic slave who died in the same year."

CHAPTER. If someone manumits a slave, possessed by him and another person. (8) CHAPTER. If somebody manumits a slave for expiation (for dissolving oaths etc.), (then) for whom will the slave's WaLã' be? i 6717. Narrated 'Aishah ; that she intended to buy Barira (a slave girl) and her masters stipulated that they would have her Wald'. When 'A.ishah Li ; mentioned that to the Prophet L , he said "Buy her, for the Wald' is for the one who manumits."

(9) CHAPTER. To say: "In shã'A114h" (If Allah will) while taking an oath. 6718. Narrated Abü MUsa AI-Ash'ari ii: I went to Allah's Messenger . along with a group of people from (the tribe of) AlAsh'ari, asking for mounts. The Prophet ugz said, "By Allah, I will not give you anything to ride, and I have nothing to mount you (1) (Ch. 8) Wald': See the glossary.

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on." We stayed there as long as Allah wished, and after that, some camels were brought to the Prophet it and he ordered that we be given three camels. When we set out, some of us said to others, "Allah will not bless us, as we all went to Allah's Messenger lj asking him for mounts, and although he had sworn that he would not give us mounts, he did give us." So we returned to the Prophet and mentioned that to him. He said, "I have not provided you with mounts, but Allah has provided you with mounts. By Allah, if Allah will, if I ever take an oath and then see that another thing is better than the first, I make expiation for my (dissolved) oath, and do what is better and make expiation."

6719. Narrated Hammad, the same narration as above (Hadith No. 6718): "I make expiation for my dissolved oath, and I do what is better, or do what is better and make expiation."

6720. Narrated AbU Hurairah (The Prophet) Sulaimãn (Solomon) said, "Tonight I will sleep with (my) ninety wives, each of whom will beget a male child who will fight for Allah's Cause." On that, his companion (Sufyan said that his companion was an angel) said to him, "Say, 'If Allah will In shä' Allah) ." But Sulaimãn forgot (to say it). He slept with all his wives, but none of the women gave birth to a child, except one who gave birth to a half boy (malformed). Abu Hurairah added: The Prophet ; said, "If Sulaiman had said, 'If Allah will' In sha 'Allah) he would not have

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been unsuccessful in his action, and would have attained what he had desired." Once AbU Hurairah added: Allah's Messenger said, "If he had accepted."'

(10) CHAPTER. To make expiation for one's oath before or after dissolving it. 6721. Narrated Zahdam Al-Jarmi: We were sitting with AbU Musa Al-Ash'ari, and there were ties of friendship and mutual favours between us and his tribe. His meal was presented before him and there was chicken meat in it. Among those who were present there was a man from Ban! Taimillãh having a red complexion as a non-Arab freed slave, and that man did not approach the meal. Abu MUsa said to him, "Come along! I have seen Allah's Messenger eating of that (i.e., chicken) ." The man said, "I have seen it (chickens) eating something I regarded as dirty, and so I have taken an oath that I shall never eat chicken." AbU Musa said, "Come along! I will inform you about it (i.e., your oath). Once we went to Allah's Messenger in company with a group of Ash'ariyun, asking him for mounts while he was distributing some camels from the camels of Zakat. (AyyUb said, "I think he said that the Prophet was in an angry mood at the time.") The Prophet said, 'By Allah! I will not give you mounts, and I have nothing to mount you on.' After we had left, some camels of booty were brought to Allah's Messenger and he said, 'Where are those Ash'ariyun? Where are those Ash'ariyun?' So (1) (H. 6720) If he had accepted the possibility that Allah might not fulfil his desire. Such acceptance is expressed by saying, "If Allah will" (In sha'Allah).

84- THE BOOK OF THE EXPIATION OF UNFULFILLED OATHS

we went (to him) and he gave us five very fat good-looking camels. We mounted them and went away, and then I said to my companions, 'We went to Allah's to ask for mounts, but he Messenger took an oath that he would not give us mounts, and then later on he sent for us and gave us mounts; perhaps Allah's Messenger forgot his oath. By Allah, we will never be successful, for we have taken advantage of the fact that Allah's Messenger . forgot to fulfil his oath. So let us return to Allah's Messenger J to remind him of his oath.' We returned and said, '0 Allah's Messenger! We came to you and asked you for mounts, but you took an oath that you would not give us mounts, but later on you gave us mounts, and we thought or considered that you have forgotten your oath.' The Prophet , said, 'Depart, for Allah has given you mounts. By Allah, In sha Allah (if Allah will), if I take an oath and then later find another thing better than that, I do what is better, and make expiation for the oath' ."

6722. Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin Samura: Allah's Messengertljt said, "(0

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'Abdur-Rabman!) Do not seek to be a ruler, for if you are given the authority of ruling without your asking for it, then Allah will help you; but if you are given it by your asking, then you will be held responsible for it. And if you take an oath to do something and later on find another thing better than that, then do what is better and make expiation for (the dissolution of) your oath

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(1) CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah )L: "Allah commands you as regards your children's (inheritance)... (up to)... This is a Commandment from Allah; and Allah is Ever All-Knowing, Most Forbearing." (V.4:11,12) 6723. Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullãh L4i: I became sick, so Allah's Messenger and AbU Bakr came on foot to pay me a visit. When they came, I was unconscious. Allah's Messenger j performed ablution and he poured over me the water of his ablution, and I came to my senses and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! What shall I do regarding my property? How shall I distribute it?" The did not reply till the Divine Prophet Verses of inheritance (A1-Farã 'id) 2 were revealed.

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85- THE BOOK OFAI.FARA'ID (THE LAWS OF INHERITANCE)

and don't look for the other's faults and don't spy, and don't hate each other, and don't desert (cut your relations with) one another. o Allah's slaves, be brothers!" [See Hadith No. 6064]

(3) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet : "Our (i.e., Messengers') property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave (after our death), is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity) ." 6725. Narrated 'Aishah L4 L. came to Fatima and Al-'Abbas Abii Bakr, seeking their share from the , and at property of Allah's Messenger that time, they were asking for their land at Fadak and their share from Khaibar.......... (Contd. to No. 6726)

6726. AbQ Bakr said to them, "I have heard from Allah's Messenger . saying, 'Our property is not to be inherited, and whatever we (after our death) leave is to be spent in charity, but the family of Muhammad (.) may take their provisions from this property." AbU Bakr added, "By Allah, I will not leave the procedure I saw Allah's Messenger &z. following during his lifetime concerning this property." Therefore Fatima left AbU Bakr and did not speak to him till she died. i The 6727. Narrated 'Aishah said, "Our (Messengers') Prophet property is not to be inherited, and

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whatever we leave, is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity in Allah's Cause)."

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6728. Narrated Malik bin 'Aus: I went and entered upon 'Umar, his doorman, Yarfa came saying, "Uthmãn, 'AbdurRahmãn, Az-Zubair and Sa'd are asking your permission (to see you). May I admit them?" 'Umar said, "Yes." So he admitted them. Then he came again and said, "May I admit 'All and 'Abbas?" He said, "Yes." 'Abbas said, "0, chief of the believers! Judge between me and this (man 'All)." 'Umar said, "I beseech you by Allah, by Whose Permission both the heaven and the earth exist, do you know that Allah's Messenger said, 'Our (the Messengers') property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave (after our death) is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity)?' And by that Allah's Messenger meant himself." The group said, "(No doubt), he said so." 'Umar then faced 'All and 'Abbas and said, "Do you both know that Allah's Messenger jW, said that? They replied, "(No doubt), he, said so." 'Umar said, "So let me talk to you about this matter. Allah favoured His Messengerij with something of this Far (i.e., booty won by the Muslims at war without fighting) which He did not give to anybody else. Allah said: 'And what Allah gave as (FaT') booty to His Messenger... (up to)... to do all thing.' (V.59:6) And so that property was only for Allah's Messenger . Yet, by Allah, he neither gathered that property for himself nor withheld it from you, but he gave its income to you, and distributed it among you till there remained the present property; out of which the Prophet used to spend the

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yearly maintenance for his family, and whatever used to remain he used to spend it where Allah's property is spent (i.e., in charity, etc.). Allah's Messenger . followed that system throughout his life. Now I beseech you by Allah, do you know all that?" They said, "Yes." 'Umar then said to 'Alt and 'Abbas, "I beseech you by Allah, do you know that?" Both of them said, "Yes." 'Umar added, "And when the Prophet . died, Abü Bakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger ,' and took charge of that property and managed it in the same way as Allah's Messenger . did. Then I took charge of this property for two years, during which I managed it as Allah's Messenger and AbU Bakr did. Then you both ('All and 'Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the same claim and presenting the same case. (0 'Abbas!) You came to me asking for your share from the property of your nephew, and this man ('All) came to me, asking for the share of his wife from the property of her father. I said, 'If you both wish, I will give that to you on that condition [i.e., that you would follow the way of the Prophet ll and AbU Bakr and as I ('Umar) have done in managing it].' Now both of you seek of me a verdict other than that? Lo! By Allah, by Whose Permission both the heaven and the earth exist, I will not give any verdict other than that till the Hour is established. If you are unable to manage it, then return it to me, and I will be sufficient to manage it on your behalf."

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6729. Narrated Abü Hurairah Allah's Messenger said, "Not even a single Dinar of my property should be distributed (after my death) to my inheritors, but whatever I leave, excluding the provision for my wives and my servants, is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity) ."

6730. Narrated Urwa: 'Aishah ji said, "When Allah's MessengeriiJ died, his wives intended to send 'Uthmãn to AbU Bakr asking him for their share of the inheritance." Then 'Aishah said to them, "Didn't Allah's Messenger say, 'Our (Messengers') property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave is Sadaqa (to be spent in charity)

(4) CHAPTER. The statement of the Prophet j: "Whoever leaves some property (after his death), then it is for his family (inheritors) ." 6731. Narrated AbU Hurairah The Prophet said, "I am more closer to the believers than their ownselves, so whoever (of them) dies while being in debt and leaves nothing for its repayment, then we are to pay his debts on his behalf; and whoever (among the believers) dies leaving some property, then that property is for his heirs."

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And Zaid bin Thãbit said, "If a man or a woman leaves as an heir, a (single) daughter, then she inherits half of the property; and if they are two daughters or more, they inherit two-thirds of the property; and if there is a son along with these daughters, then the other heirs (if there are any) are given their shares first, and what remains is to be distributed (among the daughters and the son) with the ratio of two shares for the male heir and one share each for the female heirs." 6732. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L41 The Prophet said, "Give the Fara 'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur'an)(') to those who are entitled to receive it. Then whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased."

(6) CHAPTER. The inheritance of daughters (i.e., their right to inherit property). 6733. Narrated Sa'd bin Abi Waqqa: I was stricken by an ailment that led me to the verge of death. The Prophet 49 came to pay me a visit. I said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have much property and no heir except my (only) daughter. Shall I give two-third of my property in charity?" He said, "No." I said, "Half of it?" He said, "No". I said, "Onethird of it?" He said, "(You may do so) though one-third is also too much, for it is better for you to leave your offspring wealthy than to leave them poor, asking others for help. And whatever you spend (for Allah's sake) you will be rewarded for it, even for a morsel of food which you may put in the (1) (H. 6732): See the footnote of H. 6723.

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mouth of your wife." I said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Will I remain behind and fail to complete my emigration?" The Prophet jJ said, "If you are left behind after me, whatever good deeds you will do for Allah's sake will upgrade you and raise you high. May be you will have long life so that some people may benefit by you and others (the enemies) be harmed by you."' But Allah's Messenger felt sorry for Sa'd bin Khaula as he died in Makkah. (Sufyan, a subnarrator, said that Sa'd bin Khaula was a man from the tribe of Bani 'Amir bin Lu'ai.)

6734. Narrated Al-Aswad bin Yazid: Mu'ãdh bin Jabal came to us in Yemen as a tutor and a ruler, and we (the people of Yemen) asked him about (the distribution of the property) of a man who had died leaving a daughter and a sister. Mu'ãdh gave the daughter half of the property and gave the sister the other half.

(7) CHAPTER. The inheritance of one's grandchild if one has no child.

And Zaid said, "Grandchildren are to be considered as one's (own) children (in the distribution of inheritance) in case none of one's own children are alive: A grandson as a (1) (H. 6733) Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas survived forty years after the death of the Prophet , but Sa'd bin Khaula died in Makkah.

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son, and granddaughter as a daughter, and they (grandsons and granddaughters) inherit (their grandparents' property) as their own parents would (were they alive), and they prevent the sharing of the inheritance with all those relatives who would have been prevented from the same, were their parents alive. So one's grandchild does not share the inheritance with one's own son (if the son is alive) 6735. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs 4 i Allah's Messenger said, "Give the Fara 'id (shares prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased."

(8) CHAPTER. The share of inheritance of one's son's daughter in the presence of own daughter. 6736. Narrated Huzail bin Shurahbil: AbU Müsa was asked regarding (the inheritance of) a daughter, a son's daughter, and a sister. He said, "The daughter will take half and the sister will take the half. If you go to Ibn Mas'Ud, he will tell you the same." Ibn Mas'Ud was asked and was told of AbU Mtisa's verdict. Ibn Mas'üd then said, "If! give the same verdict, I would stray and would not be of the rightly-guided. The verdict I will give in his case, will be the did, i.e., one-half is same as the Prophet for the daughter, and one-sixth for the son's daughter, i.e both shares make two-thirds of the total property; and the rest is for the sister." Afterwards we came to AbU Musa and informed him of Ibn Mas'ud's verdict, whereupon he said, "So, do not ask me for verdicts, as long as this learned man is among you."

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(9) CHAPTER. The shares of inheritance for the (living) paternal grandfather, the father and brothers of the deceased. AbU Bakr, Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn Az-Zubair said, "A grandfather is to be treated as a father (in the distribution of inheritance) ," and Ibn 'Abbas recited the Holy Verse: "0 children of Adam..." (V.7:26) (And in fact, by that Allah meant sons and grandsons and great-grandsons). He also recited the Verse: "And I have followed the religion of my fathers - Ibrãhim (Abraham), Ishaque (Isaac) and Yaqub (Jacob).....(V.12:38) And it is not reported that anybody disagreed with AbU Bakr in his lifetime, although at that time there was a great number of the Companions of the Prophet . And Ibn 'Abbas said, "My son's son inherits my property though my own brothers don't, and I do not inherit the property of my son's son." And there are different views given by 'Umar, 'All, Ibn Mas'Ud and Zaid (as regards inheritance). 6737. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas Li l The Prophet ; said, "Give the Fara 'id (the shares prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it, and then whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased."

6738. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs L41 ii The person about whom Allah's Messenger said, "If! were to take aKhalt1 1 from this nation (my followers), then I would have taken him (i.e., AbU Bakr), but the Islamic (1) (H. 6738) Khalil: See the glossary.

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Brotherhood is better (or said, 'good') ," and regarded a grandfather as the father himself (in distribution of inheritance).

(10) CHAPTER. The inheritance of the husband along with the offspring and other relatives (of the deceased). i 6739. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4 (During the early days of Islam), the inheritance used to be given to one's offspring and legacy used to bequeathed to the parents, then Allah cancelled what He wished from that order and decreed that the male should be given the equivalent of the portion of two females, and for the parents one-sixth for each of them, and for one's wife one-eighth (if the deceased has children) and one-fourth (if he has no children), for one's husband half (if the deceased has no children) and one-fourth (if she has children) ." (11) CHAPTER. The inheritance of a woman and a husband along with the offspring and other relatives. 6740. Narrated AbU Hurairah L- it Allah's Messenger j gave the judgement that a male or female slave should be given in Qisas' for an abortion case of a woman from the tribe of Bani Liyan (as blood money for the foetus), but the lady on whom the penalty had been imposed died; so the Prophet ordered that her property be inherited by her offspring and her husband and that the penalty be paid by her 'Asaba (2)

(1) (H. 6740) Qz,cas: Laws of equality in punishment for wounds etc. in retaliation. (2) (H. 6740) 'Asaha means all male relatives of the deceased from the father's side.

85-THE BOOK OF Al.FARA'ID (THE LAWS OF INHERITANCE)

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6741. Narrated Al-Aswad: Mu'adh bin Jabal gave this verdict for us in the lifetime of Allah's Messenger . Half of the inheritance is to be given to the daughter and the other half to the sister. Sulaimãn said: Mu'adh gave a verdict for us, but he did not mention that it was so in the lifetime of Allah's Messenger .

6742. Narrated Huzail: 'Abdullãh said, "The judgement I will give in this matter will be like the judgement of the Prophet j& i.e., half is for the daughter and the rest of the inheritance for the sister."

(13) CHAPTER. The inheritance of the sisters and brothers. 6743. Narrated Jãbir iiI While I was sick, the Prophet entered upon me and asked for some water to perform ablution, and after he had finished his ablution, he sprinkled some water of his ablution over me, whereupon I became (1) (Ch. 12)'Asaba: See the footnote of H. 6740.

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conscious and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have sisters." Then the Divine Verses regarding the Laws of Inheritance were revealed.

(14) CHAPTER. (The Statement of Allah "They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: 'Allah directs (thus) about Al-Kalalah (those who leave neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs). If it is a man that dies, leaving a sister, but no child, she shall have half the inheritance. If (such a deceased was) a woman, who left no child, her brother takes her inheritance. If there are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of the inheritance; if there are brothers and sisters, then the male will have twice the share of the female.' (Thus) does Allah makes clear to you (His Law), lest you go astray. And Allah is the All-Knower of everything" (V.4:176)

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6744. Narrated Al-Barã' i The last Qur'anic Verse that was revealed (to the Prophet ) was the last Verse of Sürat AnNisa: "They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: 'Allah directs (thus) about A1-Kalãlah (those who leave neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs)..." (V.4:176) (15) CHAPTER. Regarding the heirs of a lady who dies, leaving two cousins, one of whom is her maternal brother and the other, her husband.'

(1) (Ch. 15) The relation between the lady and the two cousins resulted from the following situation: A man married a woman and she gave birth to a son, and then he married another woman who also gave birth to a son. Then he divorced the second wife, who=

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'Alt said, "Her husband takes half of her left property, and the maternal brother onesixth, and the rest of the property is divided equally between them." 6745. Narrated AbU Hurairah Allah's Messenger tj said, "I am more closer to the believers than their own selves, so whoever (among them) dies leaving some inheritance, his inheritance will be given to his 'Asaba ;(1) and whoever dies leaving a debt, or dependants, or destitute children, then I am their supporter."

6746. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4i i The Prophet j said, "Give the Farã 'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it; and whatever is left should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased."

(16) CHAFFER. (Can) kindred by blood (i.e., DhawiI-Arham) (be the heir of the deceased). 6747. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas regarding the Holy Verse: "And to everyone, We have appointed heirs.....(V.4:33) And also: "...To those also with whom you have consequently married her first husband's brother and gave birth to a girl. This girl married the first son of her father's brother who was her cousin. Then she died, leaving the two cousins as her only heirs. One of those cousins was her husband, and the other was her maternal brother. (1) (H. 6745)'Asaba: See the footnote of Hadith No. 6740.

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made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion by (Wasiya - wills).. (V.4:33) When the emigrants came to Al-MadIna, the Ansãr used to be the heir of the emigrants (and vice versa) instead of their own kindred by blood (Dhawil-Arham), and that was because of the bond of brotherhood which the Prophet . had established between them, i.e., the Ansãr and the emigrants. But when the Divine Verse: "And to everyone, We have appointed heirs.....(V.4:33) was revealed, it cancelled the other order i.e.: "...To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion (by Wasiya - wills).. (V.4:33) [See Vol. 3, Hadith No. 22921

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(17) CHAPTER. The inheritance in the case of MuIã'ana (1) 6748. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L4i A man and his wife had a case of Li'ãn (or Mu/a 'ana) during the lifetime of the Prophet . and the man denied the paternity of her child. The Prophet . gave his verdict for their separation (divorce) and then the child was regarded as belonging to the wife only.(2)

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(1) (Ch. 17) Mu/a 'ana or Li'ãn means the taking of oaths by a wife and her husband, the wife denying the charge of adultery which the husband confirms by his own oath. (See Qur'an 24:7-10). This chapter deals with the inheritance of the child who is born after such a situation, i.e., whose heir he would be, and who would be his heir. (2) (H. 6748) Such a mother would inherit the share prescribed for her in the Qur'an from her child's inheritance and he would be her heir if she died before him.

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85- THE BOOK OFAI-FARA'ID (THE LAWS OF INHERITANCE)

6749.Narrated'AishahL-,:'Utba (bin AN Waqqa) said to his brother Sa'd, "The son of the slave-girl of Zam'a is my son, so be his guardian." So when it was the year of the conquest of Makkah, Sa'd took that child and said, He is my nephew, and my brother told me to be his guardian." On that, 'Abd bin Zam'a got up and said, "But the child is my brother, and the son of my father's slave-girl as he was born on his bed." So they both went to the Prophet j. Sa'd said, "0 Allah's Messenger! (This is) the son of my brother, and he told me to be his custodian." Then 'Abd bin Zam'a said, "(But he is) my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father, born on his bed." The Prophet said "This child is for you 0 'Abd bin Zam'a, as the child is for the owner of the bed, and the adulterer receives the stones." He then ordered (his wife) Sauda bint Zam'a to veil herself from that boy as he noticed the boy's resemblance to 'Utba. Since then the boy never saw Sauda till he died.

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is for the (19) CHAPTER. Al-WaIã' manumitter. (Regarding) the inheritance of AI-Laq4 (a small child or an insane person, who has nobody to be responsible for him). And 'Umar said, "Al-Laqi; is a free person and not a slave."

(1) (Ch. 19) Al- Wala': See the glossary.

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6751. Narrated 'Aishah i I bought BarIra (a female slave). The Prophet said (to me), "Buy her as AI-Wald' is for the manumitter. Once, she was given a sheep (in charity). The Prophet . said, "It (the sheep) is Sadaqa (a thing given in charity) for her (Barira) and a gift for us." Al-Hakam said, "Barira's husband was a free man." Ibn 'Abbas said, "When I saw him, he was a slave

6752. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L4i. ii The Prophet jW said, "The Wald' is for the manumitter (of the slave)

['t (20) CHAPTER. The heir of the Sã'iba (a slave whose master frees him and tells him that nobody will be entitled to get his WaIa'). 6753. Narrated 'Abdullah L The Muslims did not free slaves as Sã 'iba, but the people of the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance used to do so.

6754. Narrated A1-Aswad: 'Aishah bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wald' (after her death) would be for them. 'Aishah said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have bought Barira in order to manumit her, but her masters stipulated that her Wald' will be for them." The Prophet said, "Manumit her, as the Wald' is for the one who manumits (the

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slave)," or said, "The one who pays her price." Then 'Aishah bought and manumitted her. After that, Barira was given the choice (by the Prophet ) (to stay with her husband or leave him). She said, "If he gave me so much, and so much (money), I would not stay with him." (AlAswad added: Her husband was a free man). The subnarrator added: The series of the narrators of AI-Aswad's statement is not authentic. The statement of Ibn 'Abbas, i.e., 'When I saw him he was a slave,' is more authentic.

(21) CHAPTER. The sin of the freed slave who denies his master who has freed him. 6755. Narrated 'All: "We have no Book to recite except the Book of Allah (the Qur'an) and this paper." Then 'All took out the paper, and behold! There was written in it, legal verdicts about the retaliation for wounds, the ages of the camels (to be paid as Zakat or as blood money). In it was also written: "Al-Madina is a sanctuary from 'Air (mountain) to Thaur (mountain). So whoever innovates in it an heresy (something new in religion), or commits a crime in it or gives shelter to such an innovator will incur the Curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever (a freed slave) takes as his master some people other than his real masters, without the permission of his real masters, will incur the Curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and none of his compulsory, or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection. And the asylum granted by any Muslim is to be

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secured by all the Muslims, even if it is granted by one of the lowest social status among them; and whoever betrays a Muslim in this respect will incur the Curse of Allah, the angels, and all the people, and none of his compulsory or optional good deeds will be accepted on the Day of Resurrection." 6756. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L41 i The Prophet forbade the selling of the Wald' (of slaves) or giving it as a present.

(22) CHAPTER. If someone is converted to Islam through somebody else. Al-Hasan (Al-Basri) did not think that the latter had the right to be the heir of the converted person. The Prophet 4jg, said, "The Wald' is for the one who manumits (the slave) ." And Tamim Ad-Darl is said to have narrated that the Prophet said, "The one who converts somebody to Islam is the closest of the people to the converted person, whether during his life or after his death." The scholars differ as to the genuineness of this narration. 6757. Narrated Ibn 'Umar that 'Aishah i (Mother of the believers), intended to buy a slave-girl in order to manumit her. The slave-girl's masters said, "We are ready to sell her to you on condition that her Wald' should be for us." 'Aishah mentioned that to Allah's Messenger 4Li, who said, "This (condition) should not prevent you from buying her, for the Wala' is for the one who manumits (the slave) ."

6758. Narrated Al-Aswad: 'Aishah said, "I bought Banira and her masters

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stipulated that the Wald' would be for them." 'Aishah mentioned that to the Prophet and he said, "Manumit her, as the Wald' is for the one who gives the silver (i.e., pays the price for freeing the slave) ." 'Aishah added, "So I manumitted her". After that, the called her (Barira) and gave her Prophet the choice to go back to her husband or leave him. She said, "If he gave me so much, and so much (money) I would not stay with him." So she selected her own self (i.e., refused to go back to her husband) ."

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(23) CHAPTER. What a women can inherit of the WaLa'. 6759. Narrated Ibn 'Umar 4 When 'Aishah intended to buy Barira, she said to the Prophet , "Barira's masters stipulated that they will have the Wald' ." The Prophet . said (to 'Aishah), "Buy her, as the Wald' is for the one who manumits."

6760. Narrated 'Aishah LfL Allah's Messenger ; said, "The Wald' is for the one who gives the silver (i.e., pays the price) and does the favour (of manumission after paying the price) ."

(24) CHAPTER. The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him. And the son of the sister of some people is one of them (belongs to those people).

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6761. Narrated Anas bin Mãlik i The Prophet j said, "The freed slave belongs to the people who have freed him," or said something similar.

6762. Narrated Anas bin Malik"' The Prophet,*-' said, "The son of the sister of some people is from them or from their own selves."

(25) CHAPTER. The inheritance of a captive (in the hands of the enemy). Shuraib used to give inheritance to the captive who was in the hands of the enemy, and used to say, "He is in more need of it than anybody else." And 'Umar bin 'Abdul-AzTz said, "Execute the will of the captive, and fulfil his order to manumit slaves and allow him to dispose of his property, and he can do with it as he wishes i 6763. Narrated Abu Hurairah The Prophet j said, "If somebody dies (among the Muslims) leaving some property, the property will go to his heirs, and if he leaves a debt or dependants, we will take care of them." (26) CHAPTER. Neither a Muslim can be the heir of a disbeliever, nor a disbeliever can be the heir of a Muslim. And if somebody becomes a Muslim before the property of his dead (disbeliever) relative is divided among the heirs, he will have no share. 6764. Narrated Usgma bin Zaid i ; L4: The Prophet said, "A Muslim cannot be the heir of a disbeliever, nor can

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a disbeliever be the heir of a Muslim."

(27) CHAPTER. The Inheritance of a Christian slave and a Mukatab Christian slave. And the sin of the person who denies being the father of his children. (28) CHAPTER. Whoever claims that somebody is his brother or his nephew. Sa'd 6765. Narrated 'Aishah t4 bin Abi Waqqa and 'Abd bin Zam'a had a dispute over a boy. Sa'd said, "0 Allah's Messenger! This (boy) is the son of my brother, 'Utba bin AM Waqqas, who told me to be his custodian as he was his son. Please notice to whom he bears affinity." And 'Abd bin Zam'a said, "This is my brother, 0 Allah's Messenger! He was born on my rather's bed by his slave-girl." Then the looked at the boy and noticed Prophet evident resemblance between him and 'Utba, so he said, "He (the boy) is for you, 0 'Abd bin Zam'a, for the boy is for the owner of the bed, and the stone is for the adulterer. Screen yourself before the boy, 0 Sauda bint Zam'a ." 'Aishah added: Since then he never saw Sauda.

(29) CHAPTER. Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father.

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6766. Narrated Sa'd .0 I heard the Prophet ; saying, "Whoever claims to be the son of a person other than his father, and he knows that, that person is not his father, then Paradise (will be) forbidden for him."

6767. (Sa'd added:) I mentioned that to AbU Bakra, and he said, "My ears heard that, and my heart memorized it from Allah's Messenger ." 6768. Narrated AbU Hurairah The Prophet 49, said, "Do not deny your fathers (i.e., claim to be the sons of persons other than your fathers), and whoever denies his father, is charged with disbelief."

(30) CHAFFER. If a lady claims to be the mother of a son.

:3L4..JI Allah's Messenger ; said, "There were two : Y. women and with them were their two sons. A wolf came and took away the son of one of t them. That lady said to her companion, 'The 4:L :JU wolf has taken your son.' The other said, 'But it has taken your son.' So both of them L.LU L sought the judgement of (the Prophet) L;L; DawUd (David) rwho judged that - -rL - . the boy should be given to the older lady. JUi Then both of them went to (the Prophet) 5 L-.-'j 4 LL.L L Sulaiman (Solomon), son of Dãwfld and --informed him of the case. Sulaimãn said, 'Give me a knife so that I may cut the child into two portions and give half to each of Y

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you.' The younger lady said, 'Do not do so; may Allah bless you! He is her child.' On that, (Prophet) Sulaimãn gave the child to the younger lady." Abü Hurairah added: By Allah! I had never heard the word 'Sikkin' as meaning knife, except on that day, for we used to call it 'Mudya.'

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ii Once 6771. Narrated 'Aishah Allah's Messenger ahi entered upon me and he was in a very happy mood and said, "0 'Aishah: Don't you know that Mujazziz AlMudliji entered and saw Usama and Zaid with a velvet covering on them and their heads were covered while their feet were uncovered. He said: These feet belong to each other."

(1) (H. 6770) The Qa if learned through examining their feet, that they were father and son.

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CHAPTER. What Hudüd one should beware of. (1) CHAPTER. (The crimes of) illegal sexual intercourse and the drinking of alcoholic drinks. And Ibn 'Abbãs said, "The light of Faith is taken away from the one who commits illegal sexual intercourse." 6772. Narrated AbU Hurairah L Allah's Messenger said, "When an adulterer commits illegal sexual intercourse, then he is not a believer at the time he is doing it; and when somebody drinks an alcoholic drink, then he is not a believer at the time of drinking; and when a thief steals, he is not a believer at the time when he is stealing; and when a robber robs and the people look at him, then he is not a believer at the time of doing it." AbU Hurairah, in another narration, narrated the same from the Prophet with the exclusion of robbery.

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(2) CHAPTER. What is said regarding the beating (lashing) of a drunk. 6773. Narrated Anas bin Malik Li. i ;: The Prophet jt beat a drunk with palm-leaf stalks and shoes. And Abu Bakr gave (1) (Book 86) 'Al-h'udud' is the plural of Hadd. Al-Hudüd are the limits which Allah has set, and if somebody violates them, he is to be punished according to certain penalties prescribed by Allah. These penalties are also called Hudud.

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(such a sinner) forty lashes.

(3) CHAPTER. Whoever ordered that the legal punishment was to be carried out at home. 6774. Narrated 'Uqba bin A1-llarith: AnNu'man or the son of An-Nu'man was on a charge of brought to the Prophet drinking intoxicating drinks. So the Prophet ordered all the men present in the house, to beat him. So all of them beat him, and I was also one of them who beat him with shoes.

(4) CHAPTER. Beating with stalks of datepalm leaves and shoes. 6775. Narrated' Uqba bin Al-Hãrith: AnNu'mAn or the son of An-Nu'mãn was in a state of brought to the Prophet intoxication. The Prophet ; felt it hard (was angry) and ordered all those who were present in the house, to beat him. And they beat him with stalks of date-palm leaves and shoes, and I was among those who beat him.

The .0 6776. Narrated Anas Prophet 4k., lashed a drunk with stalks of date-palm leaves and shoes. And Abe Bakr

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gave a drunk forty lashes.

6777. Narrated AbU Hurairah i A man who drank wine was brought to the Prophet The Prophet jW, said, "Beat him!" AbU Hurairah added, "So some of us beat him with our hands, and some with their shoes, and some with their garments (by twisting it) like a lash, and then when we finished, someone said to him, 'May Allah disgrace you!' On that the Prophet jW said, 'Do not say so, for you are helping Satan to overpower him."'

6778. Narrated 'All bin AN Talib Zui s: I would not feel sorry for one who dies

because of receiving a legal punishment, except the drunk, for if he should die (when being punished), I would give blood money to his family because no fixed punishment has been ordered by Allah's Messenger , for the drunk.

6779. Narrated As-Sã'ib bin YazId: We used to strike the drunks with our hands, shoes, clothes (by twisting it into the shape of lashes) during the lifetime of the Prophet 4Li,, AbU Bakr and the early part of 'Umar's caliphate. But during the last period of 'Umar's caliphate, he used to give the drunk forty lashes; and when drunks

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became mischievous and disobedient, he used to scourge them eighty lashes.

(5) CHAFFER. Cursing is disliked against the drunkard and the fact that he is not regarded as a non-Muslim. 6780. Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab During the lifetime of the Prophet jW there was a man called 'Abdullãh whose nickname was Donkey, and he used to make Allah's Messenger ig laugh. TL Prophet lashed him because of drinking (alcohol). And one day he was brought to the Prophet on the same charge and was lashed. On that, a man among the people said, "0 Allah, curse him! How frequently he has been brought (to the Prophet jj on such a charge)!" The Prophet 6t said, "Do not curse him; for by Allah, I know he loves Allah and His Messenger."

i 6781. Narrated AbU Hurairah A drunk was brought to the Prophet and he ordered him to be beaten (lashed). Some of us beat him with our hands, and some with their shoes, and some with their garments (twisted in the form of a lash). When that drunk had left, a man said, "What is wrong with him? May Allah disgrace him!" Allah's Messenger jjLg, said, "Do not help Satan against your (Muslim) brother."

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(6) CHAPTER. The thief while stealing. 6782. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs L41. The Prophet said, "When (a person) an adulterer commits illegal sexual intercourse, then he is not a believer at the time he is doing it; and when somebody steals, then he is not a believer at the time he is stealing."

(7) CHAPTER. (It is permissible) to curse thieves (generally) without mentioning names. 6783. Narrated Abu Hurairah i The Prophet . said, "Allah curses a man who steals an egg and gets his hand cut off, or steals a rope and gets his hand cut off." Al-A'mash said, "People used to interpret the Baida (egg) as an iron helmet, and they used to think that the rope may cost a few Dirham."

(8) CHAPTER. AI -Hudüd (legal punishment) are expiation (for the sin one has been punished for). 6784. Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit ; i. i: We were with the Prophet in a gathering and he said, "Give me the Baia (pledge) that you will not worship anything besides Allah, will not steal, and will not commit illegal sexual intercourse." And then (the Prophet ) recited the whole Verse (V.60:12). The Prophet j added, "And

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whoever among you fulfils his pledge, his reward is with Allah; and whoever commits something of such sins and Allah screens him, it is up to Allah whether to excuse or punish him."

(9) CHAPTER. A believer is safe except if he transgresses Allah's legal limits or takes others' rights. 6785. Narrated 'Abdullãh: Allah's Messenger said in Hajjat-u1-Wada' "Which month (of the year) do you think is most sacred?" The people said, "This (current) month of ours (the month of Dhul-Iijja)." He said, "Which town (country) do you think is the most sacred?" They said, "This city of ours (Makkah) ." He said, "Which day do you think is the most sacred?" The people said, "This day of ours." He then said, "Allah, the Blessed, the Supreme has made your blood, your property and your honour as sacred as this day of yours, in this town of yours, in this month of yours (and such protection cannot be slighted) except rightfully."(') He then said thrice, "Have I conveyed Allah's Message (to you)?" The people answered him each time, saying, "Yes." The Prophet added, "May Allah be Merciful to you (or, woe on you)! Do not revert to disbelief after me by cutting the necks of each other."

(1) (H. 6785) If somebody commits a crime, he is to be punished legally otherwise nobody and no authority can wrong him.

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6786. Narrated 'Aishah L4. Zi Whenever the Prophet was given an option between two things, he used to select the easier of the two, as long as it was not sinful; but if it was sinful, he would remain far from it. By Allah, he never took revenge for himself concerning any matter that was presented to him, but when Allah's limits were transgressed, he would take revenge for Allah's sake.

(11) CHAPTER. To inflict the legal punishment on the noble and the weak people (impartially). 6787. Narrated 'Aishah L4. i Usama approached the Prophet g on behalf of a woman (who had committed theft). The Prophet said, "The people before you (past nations) were destroyed because they used to inflict the legal punishments on the poor and forgive the rich. By Him in Whose Hand my soul is! If Fatima (the daughter of the Prophet did that (i.e., stole), I would cut off her hand."

[rUA (12) CHAPTER. Intercession is not recommended in the matter of legal punishment after the case has been filed with the authorities.

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6788. Narrated 'Aishah ti i The Quraish people became very worried about the Makhzumiya lady who had committed theft. They said, "Nobody can speak (in favour of the lady) to Allah's Messenger , and nobody dares do that except Usama who is the favourite of Allah's Messenger 1•" When Usãma spoke to Allah's Messenger , about that matter, Allah's Messenger said, "Do you intercede (with me) to violate one of the legal punishment of Allah?" Then he got up and addressed the people, saying, "0 people! The nations before you went astray because if a noble person committed theft, they used to leave him, but if a weak person among them committed theft, they used to inflict the legal punishment on him. By 'Allah, if Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad () committed theft, Muhammad will cut off her hand!" (13) CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah "Cut off (from the wrist joint) the (right) hand of the thief, male or female..." (V.5:38) And what is the minimum theft because of which the thief's right hand will be cut off (from the wrist joint). And 'All cut off the hand at the wrist. And Qatada said concerning a woman who had committed theft and whose left hand had consequently been cut off: "Cut off nothing else •,,(1) 6789. Narrated 'Aishah The Prophet said, "The hand should be cut off for stealing something that is worth a quarter of a Dinar or more

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6790. Narrated 'Aishah i The Prophet if said, "The hand of a thief should be cut off for stealing a quarter of a Dinãr."

6791. Narrated 'Aishah LL i &.e: The Prophet jW said, "The hand should be cut off for stealing a quarter of a Dinar."

6792. Narrated 'Aishah iThe hand of a thief was not cut off during the lifetime of the Prophet except for stealing something equal to a shield in value (1)

(1) (H. 6792) A shield was worth one Dinar at that time.

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A 6793. Narrated 'Aishah 4i- ii thief's hand was not cut off for stealing something cheaper than a Hajafa or a Tus (two kinds of shields), each of which was worth a (respectable) price.

A 6794. Narrated 'Aishah t.4 thief s hand was not cut off for stealing something worth less than the price of a shield, whether a Turs or Hajafa (two kinds of shields), each of which was worth a (respectable) price.

6795. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L4 iii Allah's Messenger cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three Dirham.

6796. Narrated Ibn 'Umar 4. .bl The Prophet cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three Dirham.

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6797. Narrated 'Abdullãh (bin 'Umar ;

L4!.. I): The Prophet cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three Dirham.

6798. Narrated 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar L41 i The Prophet cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three Dirham.

6799. Narrated Abu Hurairah I Allah's Messenger said, "Allah curses the thief who steals an egg (or a helmet) for which his hand is to be cut off, or steals a rope, for which his hand is to be cut off."

(14) CHAPTER. The repentance of a thief. 6800. Narrated 'Aishah Li ii e: The Prophet cut off the hand of a lady, and that lady used to come to me, and I used to convey her message to the Prophet , and she repented, and her repentance was sincere.

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6801. Narrated 'Ubãda bin As-Sãmit i : I gave the Baia (pledge) to the with a group of people, and he Prophet said, "I take your pledge that you will not ascribe partners to Allah, will not steal, will not commit infanticide, will not slander others by forging false statements and spreading it, and will not disobey me in ordering you Ma 'ruf (Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam ordains). And whoever among you fulfils all these (obligations of the pledge), his reward is with Allah. And whoever commits any of the above crimes and received his legal punishment in this world, that will be his expiation and purification. But if Allah screens his sin, it will be up to Allah, Who will either punish or forgive him according to His Wish." Abü 'Abdullah said, "If a thief repents after his hand has been cut off, then his witness will be accepted. Similarly, if any person upon whom any legal punishment has been inflicted repents, his witness will be accepted."

(15) CHAPTER. The Chapter of (the punishment for) those who wage war (against Allah and His Messenger) from the people who are disbelievers and from those who have turned renegades (converted from Islam). And the Statement of Allah )t...: "The recompense of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and do mischief in the land is only that they shall be

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killed or crucified, or their hands and their feet be cut off on the opposite sides, or be exiled from the land..." (V.5:33) 6802. Narrated Anas i Some people from the tribe of 'UkI came to the Prophet and embraced Islam. The climate of Al-Madina did not suit them, so the Prophet iit ordered them to go to the (herd of much) camels of charity and to drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). They did so, and after they had recovered from their ailment (became healthy) they turned renegades (reverted from Islam) and killed the shepherd of the camels and took the camels away. The Prophet , sent (some people) in their pursuit and so they were (caught and) brought, and the Prophet . ordered that their hands and legs should be cut off and their eyes should be branded with heated pieces of iron, and that their cut hands and legs should not be cauterized, till they died. (16) CHAPTER. The Prophet jt did not cauterize (the amputated limbs of) those who fought (against Allah and His Messenger) and of those who were renegades (reverted from Islam) (therefore they bled) till they died. 6803. Narrated Anas The Prophet cut off the hands and feet of the men belonging to the tribe of 'Uraina and did not cauterize (their bleeding limbs) till they died.

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6804. Narrated Anas A group of people from 'Uk! (tribe) came to the Prophet uz and they were living with the people of As-Suffa , but they became ill as the climate of Al-Madina did not suit them, so they said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Provide us said, "I see no with milk." The Prophet other way for you than to use the camels of Allah's Messenger () ." So they went and drank the milk and urine of the camels (as medicine), and became healthy and fat. Then they killed the shepherd and took the camels way. When a help-seeker came to Allah's Messenger 44g , he sent some men in their pursuit, and they were captured and brought before mid-day. The Prophet ordered for some iron pieces to be made red hot, and their eyes were branded with them and their hands and feet were cut off and were not cauterized. Then they were put at a place called Al-liarra, and when they asked for water to drink they were not given till they died. AbU Qilaba said, "Those people committed theft and murder and fought against Allah and His Messenger."

(18) CHAPTER. The Prophet branded the eyes of those who fought (against Allah and His Messenger ). i 6805. Narrated Anas bin Malik A group of people from 'Ukl (or 'Uraina) tribe but I think he said that they were from 'Ukl - came to Al-Madina and (they became ill, so) the Prophet ordered them to go to the herd of (much) she-camels and told them to go out and drink the camels' urine and milk (as a medicine). So they went and drank it, and when they became healthy, they killed the shepherd and drove away the camels. This news reached the Prophet

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early in the morning, so he sent (some) men in their pursuit and they were captured and brought to the Prophet before mid-day. He ordered to cut off their hands and legs and their eyes to be branded with heated iron pieces, and they were thrown at Al-IIarra, and when they asked for water to drink, they were not given water. Aba Qilaba said, "Those were the people who committed theft and murder and reverted to disbelief after being believers (Muslims), and fought against Allah and His Messenger,."

(19) CHAPTER. The superiority of the person who leaves Al-Fawahish (all kinds of illegal sexual acts and evil deeds). i 6806. Narrated AbU Hurairah The Prophet said, "Seven (people) will be shaded by Allah under His Shade on the Day of Resurrection when there will be no shade except His. (They will be:) (1) a just ruler, (2) a youth who has been brought up in the worship of Allah (i.e., worships Allah jAlone, sincerely from his childhood), (3) a man who remembers Allah in seclusion and his eyes are then flooded with tears, (4) a man whose heart is attached to mosques [offers his compulsory congregational Salat (prayers) in the mosques], (5) two men who love each other for Allah's sake, (6) a man who refused the call of a charming lady of noble birth for illegal sexual intercourse with her, and he says, 'I fear Allah,' and (finally), (7) a man who practises charity so (secretly) that his left hand does not know what his right hand has given (i.e., nobody knows how much he has given in charity) [See Hadith No. 660, 1423]

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6807. Narrated Sahi bin Sa'd: The said, "Whoever guarantees me Prophet (the chastity of) what is between his legs (i.e., his private parts), and what is between his jaws (i.e., his mouth, his tongue) I guarantee him Paradise." (See the footnote of H. 6474)

(20) CHAPTER. The sin of illegal sexual intercourse. And the Statement of Allah ".. . Nor commit illegal sexual intercourse..." (V.25:68). "And come not near to unlawful sexual intercourse. Verily, it is a Fahishah [i.e., anything that transgresses its limits (a great sin)] , and an evil way (that leads one to Hell unless Allah forgives him) ." (V.17:32). 6808. Anas said: I will narrate to you a narration which nobody will narrate to you after me. I heard that from the Prophet . I heard the Prophet ks saying, "The Hour will not be established," or said, "From among the portents of the Hour (are the following): 1. Religious knowledge will be taken away (by the death of religious scholars). 2. (Religious) ignorance will prevail. 3. Drinking of alcoholic drinks (will be very common). 4. There will be prevelence of open illegal sexual intercourse. 5. And men will decrease in number while women will increase so much so that, for fifty women there will be only one man to look after them." (See H. 81, 1036) 6809. Narrated 'Ikrima: Ibn 'Abbas i said: Allah's Messenger said, "When a slave (of Allah) commits illegal

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sexual intercourse then he is not a believer at the time of committing it; and when he steals then he is not a believer at the time of stealing; and when he drinks an alcoholic drink, then he is not a believer at the time of drinking it, and he is not a believer when he commits a murder." 'Ikrima said: I asked Ibn Abbãs, "How is Faith taken away from him?" He said, "Like this," by clasping his hands and then separating them, and added, "But if he repents, Faith returns to him like this," by clasping his hands again.

6810. Narrated Abü Hurairah The Prophet 4& said, "The one who commits an illegal sexual intercourse is not a believer at the time of committing illegal sexual intercourse; and a thief is not a believer at the time of committing theft; and a drinker of alcoholic drink is not a believer at the time of drinking. Yet, (the gate of) repentance is open thereafter." [v 6811. Narrated 'Abdullãh (bin Mas'ud): I said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Which is the biggest sin?" He said, "To set up a rival unto Allah, though He Alone has created you." I asked, "What is next (biggest sin)?" He said, "To kill your son lest he should share your food with you." I asked, "What is next?" He said, "To commit illegal sexual intercourse with the wife of your neighbour." (See H. 6001)

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(21) CHAPTER. The Rajm (stoning to death) of a married person who commits illegal sexual intercourse. And Al-Uasan said: If somebody commits illegal sexual intercourse with his sister, his punishment is the same as for any other persons who commits such a crime. 6812. Narrated Ash-Sha'bI: When 'All stoned a lady to death on a Friday, he (All) said, "I have stoned her according to the Sunna (legal way) of Allah's Messenger

6813. Narrated Ash-Shaibãni: I asked Abdullãh bin Abi AufA: "Did Allah's Messenger . carry out the Rajm penalty (i.e., stoning to death)?" He said, "Yes." I said, "Before the revelation of Sürat An-Nür or after it?" He replied, "I don't know."

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6814. Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah AlAnsãri: A man from the tribe of Ban! Aslam came to Allah's Messenger and informed him that he had committed illegal sexual intercourse; and he bore witness four times against himself. Allah's Messenger 4& ordered him to be stoned to death as he was a married person.

(22) CHAPTER. An insane male or female should not be stoned to death. And 'All said to 'Umar, "Don't you know that no deed, good or evil, are recorded by the pen (for the following) and are not responsible for what they do :(1) (I) an insane person till he becomes sane, (2) a child till he grows to the age of puberty, (3) a sleeping person till he wakes up." 6815. Narrated Aba Hurairah i i A man came to Allah's Messenger while he was in the mosque, and he called him, saying, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have committed illegal sexual intercourse." The Prophet , turned his face to the other side, but that man repeated his statement four times, and after he bore witness against himself four times, the Prophet ; called

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him, saying, "Are you mad?" The man said, said, "Are you "No." The Prophet married?" The man said, "Yes." Then the Prophet said, "Take him away and stone him to death."

6816. (H. 6815 contd.) Jabir bin 'Abdullah said, "I was among the ones who participated in stoning him and we stoned him at the Musalla. When the stones troubled him, he fled, but we overtook him at Al-Hana and stoned him to death."

(23) CHAPTER. The stone is for a person who committed illegal sexual intercourse. i 6817. Narrated 'Aishah Sa'd (bin Abi Waqqa) and ('Abd) bin Zam'a quarrelled with each other (regarding a child). The Prophet said, "The boy is for you ' 0 'Abd bin Zam'a, for the boy is (for the owner) of the bed. 0 Sauda ! Screen yourself from the boy." The subnarrator, Al-Laith added (that the Prophet ç also said), "And the stone (i.e., the punishment of stoning to death) is for the person who commits an illegal sexual intercourse." 6818. Narrated Abü Hurairah The Prophet said, "The boy is for (the owner of) the bed; and the stone (i.e., the punishment of stoning to death) is for the person who commits illegal sexual intercourse."

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(24) CHAFFER. The Rajm (stoning to death) at the BaloJ (a tiled courtyard opposite the gate of the Prophet's Mosque). 6819. Narrated Ibn 'Umar L41 i A Jew and a Jewess were brought to Allah's Messenger 40 on a charge of committing an illegal sexual intercourse. The Prophet asked them, "What is the legal punishment (for this sin) in your Book (the Torah)?" They replied, "Our priests have innovated the punishment of blackening the faces with charcoal and Tajbiya 'Abdullãh bin Salam said, "0 Allah's Messenger, tell them to bring the Taurar (Torah)." The Taurat was brought, and then one of the Jews put his hand over the verse of the Rajm (stoning to death) and started reading what preceded and what followed it. On that, Ibn Salãm said to the Jew, "Lift up your hand." Behold! The verse of the Rajm was under his hand. Allah's Messenger 4J ordered that the two (sinners) be stoned to death, and so they were stoned. Ibn 'Umar added: Both of them were stoned at the Balat and I saw the Jew sheltering the Jewess.

(25) CHAPTER. The Rajm (stoning to death) at the Musailã (the open place where 'Eld prayers take place). 6820. Narrated Jãbir L A man from the tribe of Aslam came to the Prophet kk and confessed that he had committed an illegal sexual intercourse. The Prophet turned his face away from him till the man bore witness against himself, four times. The

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Prophet said to him, "Are you mad?" He said "No." He asked, "Are you married?" He said, "Yes." Then the Prophet ii ordered that he be stoned to death, and he was stoned to death at the Musalla . When the stones troubled him, he fled, but he was caught and was stoned till he died. The Prophet spoke well of him and offered his funeral prayer.

(26) CHAPTER. If somebody commits a sin which is less than what deserves the legal punishment; and then he informs the ruler, no punishment is to be inflicted on him after his repentance to Allah if he comes to the ruler with the intention of asking for a verdict about his sin. did not And 'Ata said, "The Prophet punish such a person." Ibn Juraij said, "The Prophet 40 did not punish a man who had sexual relations with his wife during Ramadan." And 'Umar did not punish the person who hunted a deer while he was in the state of Ihram. A similar verdict is reported from the Prophet 4jr on the authority of Ibn Mas'fld. 6821. Narrated Abü Hurairah A person had sexual relation with his wife in the month of Ramadan (while he was observing fast), and he came to Allah's Messenger k, seeking his verdict concerning

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that action. The Prophet said (to him), "Can you afford to manumit a slave?" The man said, "No." The Prophet said, "Can you observe Saum (fast) for two successive months?" He said, "No." The Prophet ; said, "Then feed sixty poor persons."

6822. Narrated 'Aishah: A man came to the Prophet Oz in the mosque and said, "I am burnt (ruined)!" The Prophet , asked him, "With what (what have you done)?" He said, "I have had sexual relation with my wife in (the month of) Ramadan (while observing fast) ." The Prophet said to him, "Give in charity." He said, "I have nothing." The man sat down, and in the meantime there came a person driving a donkey carrying food to the Prophet . (The subnarrator, 'Abdur Rahmãn added: I do not know what kind of food it was). On that the Prophet asked, "Where is the burnt person?" The man said, "Here I am." The Prophet 0, said to him, "Take this (food) and give it in charity (to someone)." The man said, "To a poorer person than I? My family has nothing to eat Then the Prophet. said to him, "Then eat it yourselves

(27) CHAPTER. If a person confesses that he has committed a sin that is punishable with one of the legal punishments but does not specify what sin it has been, can the ruler screen it for him? 6823. Narrated Anas bin Malik

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While I was with the Prophet a man came and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have committed a legally punishable sin; please inflict the legal punishment on me." The Prophet . did not ask him what he had done. Then the time forAs-Salat (the prayer) became due and the man offered Salat , and (prayer) along with the Prophet had finished his Salat, when the Prophet (prayer) the man again got up and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have committed a legally punishable sin; please inflict the punishment on me according to Allah's said, "Haven't you Laws." The Prophet offered Salat (prayer) with us?" He said, said, "Allah has "Yes." The Prophet forgiven your sin." Or said, "...your legally punishable sin

(28) CHAPTER. Can a ruler say to the one who confesses his crime of adultery, "Can't be that you have only touched the lady or winked at her?" 6824. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas 41 i When Ma'iz bin Mãlik came to the Prophet said (in order to confess), the Prophet to him, "Probably you have only kissed (the lady), or winked, or looked at her?" He said, "No, 0 Allah's Messenger!" The Prophet said, using no euphemism, "Did you had sexual intercourse with her?" The narrator added: At that, (i.e., after his confession) the Prophet ; ordered that he be stoned (to death).

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(29) CHAPTER. The question of the ruler to the confessing person, "Are you married?" 6825. Narrated Abü Hurairah Zi A man from among the people came to Allah's Messenger while Allah's Messenger was sitting in the mosque, and addressed him, saying, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have committed illegal sexual intercourse." The Prophet • turned his face away from him. The man came to that side to which the Prophet jLig had turned his face, and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! I have committed illegal sexual intercourse ." The Prophet turned his face to the other side, and the man came to that side, and when he confessed his sin four times, the Prophet called him and said, "Are you mad?" He said, "No, 0 Allah's Messenger!" The Prophet ; asked, "Are you married?" He said, "Yes, 0 Allah's Messenger." The Prophet jW said (to the people), "Take him away and stone him to death."

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6826. [H. 6825 (contd.)] Ibn Shihãb added, 'I was told by one who heard Jãbir, that Jãbir said, 'I was among those who stoned the man, and we stoned him at the Musalla, and when the stones troubled him, he jumped quickly and ran away, but we overtook him at Al-Harra and stoned him to death (there)'." (30) CHAPTER. To confess being guilty of an illegal sexual intercourse. 6827, 6828. Narrated AbU Hurairah and Zaid bin Khãlid While we were

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with the Prophet , a man stood up and said (to the Prophet "I beseech you by Allah, that you should judge us according to Allah's Laws." Then the man's opponent, who was wiser than him, got up saying, (to Allah's ), "Judge us according to Messenger Allah's Laws, and kindly allow me (to speak)." The Prophet said, "Speak". He said, "My son was a labourcr working for this man and he committed an illegal sexual intercourse with his wife, and I gave one hundred sheep and a slave as a ransom for my son's sin. Then I asked a learned man about this case and he informed me that my son should receive one hundred lashes and be exiled for one year, and the man's wife should be stoned to death." The Prophet said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, I will judge you according to the Laws of Allah Your one hundred sheep and the slave are to be returned to you, and your son has to receive one hundred lashes and be exiled for one year. 0 Unais! Go to the wife of this man, and if she confesses, then stone her to death." Unais went to her and she confessed. He then stoned her to death.

6829. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas 4'Umar said, "I am afraid that after a long time has passed, people may say, 'We do not find the Verses of the Rajm (stoning to death) in Allah's Book (the Qur'ãn)', and consequently they may go astray by leaving an

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obligation that Allah has revealed. Lo! I confirm that the penalty of Rajm be inflicted on him who commits illegal sexual intercourse if he is already married and the crime is proved by witnesses, or pregnancy, or confessions." Sufyan added, "I have memorized this narration in this way." 'Umar added, "Surely Allah's Messenger i8,5 carried out the penalty of Rajm, and so did we after him

(31) CHAPTER. The Rajm (stoning to death) of a married lady who has become pregnant through illegal sexual intercourse. 6830. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4i. i I used to teach (the Qur'an to) some people of the Muhajirin (emigrants), among whom there was 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf. While I was in his house at Mina, and he was with 'Umar bin Al-Khattab during 'Umar's last Hajj, 'Abdur-Rahmãn came to me and said, "Would that you had seen the man who came today to the Chief of the believers ('Umar), saying, '0 Chief of the believers! What do you think about so-and-so who says: 'If 'Umar should die, I will give the Baia (pledge) to such-and-such person, as by Allah, the Baia to AbU Bakr was nothing but a prompt sudden action which got established afterwards.' 'Umar became angry and then said, 'If Allah will, I will stand before the people tonight and warn them against those people who want to deprive others of their rights (the question of rulership)." 'Abdur-Rahmãn said, "I said, '0 Chief of the believers! Do not do that, for the season of Hajj gathers the riffraff and the rabble, and it will be they who will gather around you when you stand to address the people. And I am afraid that you will get up and say something, and some people will

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spread your statement and may not say what you have actually said and may not understand its meaning, and may interpret it incorrectly, so you should wait,till you reach Al-Madina as it is the place of emigration and the place of Prophet's Sunna; and there you can come in touch with the learned and noble people, and tell them your ideas with confidence, and the learned people will understand your statement and put it in its proper place.' On that, 'Umar said 'By Allah! If Allah will, I will do this in the first speech I will deliver before the people in Al-Madina." Ibn 'Abbãs added: We reached Al-Madina by the end of the month of DhUl-Ilijja, and when it was Friday, we went quickly (to the mosque) as soon as the sun had declined, and I saw Sa'Id bin Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail sitting at the corner of the pulpit, and I, too, sat close to him so that my knee was touching his knee, and after a short while, 'Umar bin Al-Khattãb came out, and when I saw him coming towards us, I said to Sa'id bin Zaid bin 'Arnr bin Nufail, "Today, 'Umar will say such a thing as he has never said since he was chosen as caliph." Sa'id denied my statement with astonishment and said, "What thing do you expect 'Umar to say the like of which he has never said before?" In the meantime, 'Umar sat down on the pulpit and when the Muadh-dhin had finished their call for Salat (prayer), 'Umar stood up, and having glorified and praised Allah, as He deserved, he said, "Amma Ba'du (then after), I am going to tell you something which (Allah) has written for me to say. I do not know; perhaps it portends my death, so whoever understands and remembers it, must narrate it to the others wherever his mount takes him, but if somebody is afraid that he does not understand it, then it is

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unlawful for him to tell lies about me. Allah sent Muhammad with the Truth and revealed the Book (the Qur'an) to him, and among what Allah revealed, was the Verse of the Rajm (the stoning to death) of married person (male and female) who commits illegal sexual intercourse, and we did recite this Verse and understood and memorized it. Allah's Messenger did carry out the punishment of stoning and so did we after him. I am afraid that after a long time has passed, somebody will say, 'By Allah, we do not find the Verse of the Rajm in Allah's Book,' and thus they will go astray by leaving an obligation which Allah has revealed. And the punishment of the Rajm is to be inflicted to any married person (male and female) who commits illegal sexual intercourse if the required evidence is available or there is conception or confession. And then we used to recite among the Verses in Allah's Book: '0 people! Do not claim to be the offspring of other than your fathers, as it is disbelief on your part that you claim to be the offspring of other than your real father.' Then Allah's Messenger said, 'Do not praise me excessively as (Prophet) 'Isa bin Maryam (Jesus, son of Mary) was praised, but call me Allah's slave and His Messenger'. (0 people!) I have been informed that a speaker amongst you says, 'By Allah, if 'Umar should die, I will give the Bai'a (pledge) to such and such person.' One should not deceive oneself by saying that the Baia given to AbU Bakr was given suddenly and it was successful. No doubt, it was like that, but Allah saved (the people) from its evil, and there is none among you who has the qualities of AbU Bakr. Remember that whoever gives the Baia to anybody among you without consulting the other Muslims, neither that person, nor the

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person to whom the Baia was given are to be supported, lest they both should be killed. And no doubt, after the death of the Prophet we were informed that the Ansar disagreed with us and gathered in the shed l3ani Sa'ida. 'All and Az-Zubair, and whoever was with them, opposed us, while the emigrants gathered with AbU Bakr. I said to AbU Bakr, 'Let's go to these Ansãri brothers of ours.' So we set out seeking them, and when we approached them, two of their pious men met us and informed us of the final decision of the Ansãr, and said, '0 group of Muhajirin (emigrants)! Where are you going?' We replied, 'We are going to these Ansari brothers of ours.' They said to us, 'You shouldn't go near them. Carry out whatever we have already decided.' I said, 'By Allah, we will go to them.' And so we proceeded until we reached them at the shed of Bani Sã'ida. Behold! There was a man sitting amongst them, wrapped in something. I asked, 'Who is that man?' They said, 'He is Sa'd bin 'Ubãda'. I asked, 'What is wrong with him?' They said, 'He is sick.' After we sat for a while, the Ansar's speaker said, 'La lãha illallah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah)' and praising Allah as He deserved, he added, 'Amma B,7 du, we are Allah's Ansãr (helpers) and the majority of the Muslim army, while you, the emigrants, are a small group and some people among you came with the intention of preventing us from practising this matter (of caliphate) and depriving us of it.' When the speaker had finished, I intended to speak as I had prepared speech which I liked and which I wanted to deliver in the presence of Abu Bakr, and I used to avoid provoking him. So, when I wanted to speak, Abü Bakr said, 'Wait a while.' I disliked to make him angry. So AN! Bakr himself gave a speech,

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and he was wiser and more patient than I. By Allah, he never missed a sentence that I liked in my own prepared speech, but he said the like of it or better than it spontaneously. After a pause he said, '0 Ansar! You deserve all (the qualities) that you have attributed to yourselves, but this question (of caliphate) is only for the Quraish as they are the best of the Arabs as regards their descent and homeland, and I am pleased to suggest that you choose either of these two men, so give the Baia to either of them as you wish. And then AN Bakr held my hand and Abü 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrãh's hand who was sitting amongst us. I hated nothing of what he had said except that proposal, for by Allah, I would rather have my neck chopped off as expiation for a sin than become the ruler of a nation, one of whose member is AN Bakr, unless at the time of my death my ownself suggests something I don't feel at present.' And then one of the Ansãr said, 'I am the pillar on which the camel with a skin disease (eczema) rubs itself to satisfy the itching (i.e., I am a noble), and I am as a high class palm-tree! 0 Quraish, there should be one ruler from us and one from you.' Then there was a hue and cry among the gathering and their voices rose so that I was afraid there might be great disagreement, so I said, '0 AN Bakr! Hold your hand out.' He held his hand out and I gave the Baia to him, and then all the emigrants gave the Baia and so did the Ansar afterwards. And so we became victorious over Sa'd bin 'Ubãda (whom A1-Ansar wanted to make a ruler). One of the Ansar said, 'You have killed') Sa'd bin 'Ubãda.' I replied, 'Allah has killed Sa'd bin 'Ubada." 'Umar added, "By Allah, apart from the great tragedy that had happened to us (i.e., (1) (H. 6830) i.e., you have prevented him from being caliph.

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the death of the Prophet ), there was no greater problem than the Baia given to Abu Bakr because we were afraid that if we left the people, they might give the Baia after us to one of their men, in which case we would have given them our consent for something against our real wish, or would have opposed them and caused great trouble. So, if any person gives the Baja to somebody (to become a caliph) without consulting the other Muslims, then the one he has selected should not be given the Baja lest both of them should be killed."

(32) CHAPTER. Unmarried males and females (committing illegal sexual intercourse) should be flogged and exiled. (And the Statement of Allah 3): "The woman and the man guilty of illegal sexual intercourse, flog each of them with a hundred stripes. Let not pity withhold you in their case, in a punishment prescribed by Allah, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a party of the believers witness their punishment. (This punishment is for unmarried persons guilty of the above crime, but if married persons commit it, the punishment is to stone them to death, according to Allah's Law). The adulterer marries not but an adultress or a Mushrikah; and the adultress, none

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marries her except an adulterer or a Mushrik [and that means that the man who agrees to marry (have a sexual relation with) a Mushrikah (female polytheist, pagan or idolatress) or a prostitute, then surely, he is either an adulterer or a Mushrik (polytheist, idolater or pagan). And the woman who agrees to have a sexual relation with a Mushrik or an adulterer, then she is either a prostitute or a Mushrikah]. Such a thing is forbidden to the believers (of Islamic Monotheism) ." (V.24:2,3) Ibn 'Uyaina said, "You should not take pity in establishing the legal punishment 6831. Narrated Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani: I heard the Prophet ordering that an unmarried person guilty of illegal sexual intercourse, be flogged one hundred stripes and be exiled for one year.

6832. Narrated Urwa bin Zubair: 'Umar bin Al-Khattab also exiled such a person, and this Sunna (legal punishment) is still valid.

6833. Narrated AbU Hurairahcu Allah's Messenger judged that the unmarried person who was guilty of illegal sexual intercourse be exiled for one year and receive the legal punishment (i.e., be flogged with one hundred stripes).

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(33) CHAPTER. Exiling the sinners and effeminate men [those men who assume the similitude (manners) of women]. 6834. Narrated Ibn 'Abbãs Li cursed the effeminate men The Prophet and those women who assume the similitude (manners) of men. He J also said, "Turn them out of your houses." He turned such and such person out, and 'Umar also turned out such and such person.

(34)CHAPTER. Whoever ordered somebody other than the ruler to carry out the legal punishment in the absence of the ruler. 6835, 6836. Narrated AbU Hurairah and Zaid bin Khalid: A bedouin came to the Prophet i while he (the Prophet ) was sitting, and said, "0 Allah's Messenger! Give your verdict according to Allah's Laws (in our case) ." Then his opponent got up and said, "He has told the truth, 0 Allah's Messenger! Decide his case according to Allah's Laws: My son was a labourer working for this person, and he committed illegal sexual intercourse with his wife, and the people told me that my son should be stoned to death, but I offered one hundred sheep and a slave-girl as a ransom for him. Then I asked the religious learned men, and they told me that my son should be flogged with one hundred stripes and be exiled for one year." said, "By Him in Whose The Prophet Hand my soul is, I will judge between you according to Allah's Laws: The sheep and the slave-girl will be returned to you and your son will be flogged one hundred stripes and be exiled for one year. And you ' 0 Unais! Go to the wife of this man (and if she confesses), stone her to death." So Unais went in the morning and stoned her to death

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(after she had confessed).

(33) CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah "And whoever of you have not the means wherewith to wed free believing women, they may wed believing girls from among those (captives and slaves) whom their right hands possess, and Allah has full knowledge about your Faith. You are one from another. Wed them with the permission of their own folk, (Auliya guardians or masters) and give them their Mahr according to what is reasonable; they (the above said captive and slave-girls), should be chaste, not adulterous, nor taking boyfriends. And after they have been taken in wedlock, if they commit illegal sexual intercourse, their punishment is half that for free (unmarried) women.") This is for him among you who is afraid of being harmed in his religion or in his body; but it is better for you that you practise self-restraint, and Allah is OftForgiving, Most Merciful ." (V.4:25) -

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CHAPTER. If a lady-slave commits illegal sexual intercourse (then what is her legal punishment?) 6837, 6838. Narrated Abu Hurairah and The verdict of Zaid bin Khalid L41. ii Allah's Messenger was sought about an unmarried slave-girl guilty of illegal sexual intercourse. He replied, "If she commits illegal sexual intercourse, then flog her (fifty stripes), and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse (after that for the second time), then flog her (fifty stripes), and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse (for the

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third time), then flog her (fifty stripes) and sell her for even a hair rope." Ibn Shihãb said, "I am not sure whether the Prophet ç ordered that she be sold after the third or fourth time of committing illegal sexual intercourse." (36) CHAPTER. If a lady-slave commits illegal sexual intercourse then she should neither be admonished nor exiled. 6839. Narrated AbU Hurairah i i The Prophet said, "If a lady-slave commits illegal sexual intercourse and she is proved guilty of i!legal sexual intercourse, then she should be flogged (fifty stripes) but she should not be admonished; and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse again, then she should be flogged again but should not be admonished, and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse for the third time then she should be sold even for a hair rope

(37) CHAPTER. The legal regulation for non-Muslims under the protection of a Muslim state. The fact that a non-Muslim is married, is to be taken into consideration when he commits illegal sexual intercourse and is brought to the Iman (Muslim ruler). 6840. Narrated Ash-Shaibãni: I asked 'Abdullah bin AN Aufa about the Rajm (stoning to death for committing illegal sexual intercourse). He replied, "The Prophet jti carried out the penalty of Rajm ." I asked, "Was that before or after the revelation of SüratAn-Nur?" He replied, "I do not know."

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6841. Narrated 'Abdullãh bin 'Umar, ; LL i The Jews came to Allah's Messenger . and mentioned to him that a man and a woman among them had committed illegal sexual intercourse. Allah's Messenger j said to them, "What do you find in the Taurat (Torah) regarding the Rajm?" They replied, "We only disgrace and flog them with stripes." 'Abdullãh bin Salam said to them, "You have told a lie. The penalty of Rajm is in the Taurãt (Torah) ." They brought the Torah and opened it. One of them put his hand over the verse of Rajm and read what was before and after it. 'Abdullah bin Salãm said to him, "Lift up your hand." When he lifted it there appeared the verse of Rajm. So they said, "0 Muhammad! He has said the truth, the verse of Rajm is in it (the TauratTorah) ." Then Allah's Messenger ordered that the two persons (guilty of illegal sexual intercourse) be stoned to death, and so they were stoned, and I saw the man bending over the woman so as to protect her from the stones.

(38) CHAPTER. If someone accuses his wife or another person's wife of committing illegal sexual intercourse in the presence of the ruler and the people, should the ruler send for the lady and ask her about what she has been accused of? 6842, 6843. Narrated AbU Hurairah and Zaid bin Khalid Lvi. ii Two men had a

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dispute in the presence of Allah's Messenger i~g One of them said, "Judge us according to .

Allah's Laws." The other who was more wise said, "Yes, 0 Allah's Messenger, judge between us according to Allah's Laws; and allow me to speak (first)." The Prophet said to him, "Speak." He said, "My son was a labourer working for this man, and he committed illegal sexual intercourse with his wife, and the people told me that my son should be stoned to death, but I have given one hundred sheep and a slave-girl as a ransom (expiation) for my son's sin. Then I asked the religious learned people (about it), and they told me that my son should be flogged one hundred stripes and should be exiled for one year, and only the wife of this man should be stoned to death." Allah's Messenger 0, said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, Twill judge between you according to Allah's Laws. 0 man, as for your sheep and slave-girl, they are to be returned to you Then the Prophet ; had the man's son flogged one hundred stripes and exiled for one year, and ordered Unais Al-Aslami to go to the wife of the other man, and if she confessed, stone her to death. She confessed and was stoned to death. ."

(39) CHAPTER. Whoever teaches manners to (or inflicts punishment on) his family or others without taking the ruler's permission. Narrated Aba Sa'id The Prophet jjsaid, "If one is offering Salãt (prayer)and someone tries to pass in front of him, one

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should push him back, and if he insists on passing, one should fight with him."(') And Abfl Sa'id did the same. 6844. Narrated ' ishah : AbU Bakr came to me while Allah's Messenger w sleeping with his head on my thigh. Abu Bakr said (to me), "You have detained and the people, and Allah's Messenger there is no water in this place." So he admonished me and struck my flanks with his hand, and nothing could stop me from moving except the reclining of Allah's (on my thigh), and then Messenger Allah revealed the Divine Verse of Tayammum (V.5:6).

AbU 6845. Narrated 'Aishah Bakr came towards me and struck me violently with his fist and said, "You have detained the people because of your necklace." But I remained motionless as if I was dead lest I should make Allah's Messenger wake up although that hit was very painful.

(40) CHAPTER. Whoever saw his wife (committing illegal sexual intercourse) with another man and killed him. 6846. Narrated M-MugIra: Sa'd bin 'Ubada said, "If I found a man with my wife, I would kill him with the sharp side of my sword." When the Prophet jW heard that he said, "Do you wonder at Sa'd's sense of

(1) (Ch. 39) 'Fight' here means pushing away with violence.

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Ghaira?W Verily, I have more sense of Ghaira than Sa'd, and Allah has more sense of Ghaira than me

(41) CHAPTER. What is said regarding AtTa'rid (i.e., a roundabout way of saying something). 6847. Narrated AbU Hurairah i A bedouin came to Allah's Messenger and said, "My wife has delivered a black . said to him, child ,,(2) The Prophet "Have you got camels?" He replied, "Yes." said, "What colour are The Prophet they?" He replied, "They are red." The Prophet . further asked, "Are any of them grey in colour?" He replied, "Yes." The Prophet j. asked him, "When did that greyness come?" He said, "I think it descended from the camel's ancestors." Then the Prophet . said (to him), "Therefore, this child of yours has most probably inherited the colour from his ancestors."

(42) CHAPTER. What punishment may be inflicted on the person so that he may not commit the same sin again, or so that he may learn good manners. 6848. Narrated AbU Burda The Prophet i& used to say, "Nobody should be flogged more than ten stripes except if he is guilty of a crime the legal punishment of which is assigned by Allah

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6849. Narrated 'Abdur-Rahmtn bin Jabir on the authority of others, that the Prophet ii said, "No punishment exceeds the flogging of the ten stripes except if one is guilty of a crime necessitating a legal punishment prescribed by Allah.

6850. Narrated AbU Burda Al-Ansãri: I heard the Prophet saying,"Do not flog anyone more than ten stripes except if he is involved in a crime necessitating Allah's legal punishment

6851. Narrated AbU Hurairah Allah's Messenger forbade A1-Wisal (observing fasting continuously for more than one day without taking any meals). A man from the Muslims said, "But you do AlWisal, 0 Allah's Messenger!" Allah's Messenger said, "Who among you is similar to me? I sleep and my Lord (Allah)

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makes me eat and drink." When the people refused to give up Al-Wisal, the Prophet observed fasting along with them for one day, and did not break his fast but continued his fast for another day, and when they saw the crescent, the Prophet said, "If the crescent had not appeared, I would ha-,e made you continue your fast (for a third day) ," as if he wanted to punish them for they had refused to give up Al-Wisãl.

6852. Narrated 'Abdulläh bin 'Umar t.41 I: Those people who used to buy foodstuff at random (without weighing or measuring it) were beaten in the lifetime of A1lTh's Messenger 1; if they sold it at the very place where they had bought it, till they carried it to their dwelling places.

6853. Narrated 'Aishah L f.L Allah's Messenger jW, never took revenge for his ownself in any matter presented to him till Allah's limits were exceeded, in which case he would take revenge for Allah's sake.

,(43) CHAPTER. What is the legal verdict in the case of somebody who behaves in such a

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suspicious and dishonest way that he may be suspected of adultery; and the case of one who accuses others of evil deeds without any evident proof. i I 6854. Narrated Sahi bin Sa'd witnessed the case of Li'an (the case of a man who charged his wife of committing illegal sexual intercourse') when I was fifteen years ordered that they be old. The Prophet divorced, and the husband said, "If I kept her, I would be a liar." I remember that AzZubair also said, "(It was said) that if that women brought forth the child with such and such description, her husband would prove truthful, but if she brought it with such and such description looking like a Wahara (a red insect), he would prove untruthful." I heard Az-Zubair also saying, "Finally she gave birth to a child of description which her husband disliked." 6855. Narrated Al-Qãsim bin Muhammad: Ibn 'Abbas mentioned the couple who had taken the oath of Li'an. 'Abdulläh bin Shaddãd said (to him), "Was this women the same about whom Allah's Messenger ; said, 'If I were ever to stone to death any woman without witnesses. (I would have stoned that woman to death)?." Ibn 'Abbas replied, "No, that lady exposed herself (by her suspicious behaviour) ."

6856. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas L4i. 4ii Li'an was mentioned in the presence of the Prophet ;. 'Aim bin 'Adi said a statement about it, and when he left, a man from his tribe came to him complaining that he had seen a man with his wife. 'Asim said, "I have been put to trial only because of my statement." So he took the man to the (1) (H. 6854) See Hadith No. 6748 and the chapter preceding it.

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Prophet and the man told the Prophet about the incident. The man (husband) was of yellow complexion, thin, and of lank hair; while the man whom he had accused of having been with his wife was reddish brown with fat thick legs and fat body. The Prophet said, "0 Allah! Reveal the truth." Later on the lady delivered a child resembling the man whom the husband had accused of having been with her. So the Prophet made them take the oath of Dan. A man said to Ibn 'Abbas in the gathering, "Was that the same lady about whom the Prophet said, 'If I were to stone any lady (for committing illegal sexual intercourse) to death without witnesses, I would have stoned that lady to death?." Ibn 'Abbas said, "No, that was another lady who used to behave in such a suspicious way among the Muslims that one might accuse her of committing illegal sexual intercourse."

(44) CHAPTER. To accuse the chaste women. And the Statement of Allah Jt..: "And those who accuse chaste women, and produce not four witnesses, flog them with eighty stripes, and reject their testimony forever, they indeed are Fasiqun (liars, rebellious, disobedient to Allah). Except those who repent thereafter and do righteous deeds, (for such) verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (V.24:4,5) And also the Statement of Allah : "Verily, those who accuse chaste women, who never even think of anything touching their 'hastity and are good believers, are

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cursed in this life and in the Hereafter, and for them will be a great torment." (V.24:23) 6857. Narrated Abü Hurairah $ i The Prophet j said, "Avoid seven great destructive sins." They (the people) asked, "0 Allah's Messenger! What are they?" He said, (they are:) (1) To join partners in worship with Allah; (2) To practise sorcery; (3) To kill the life which Allah has forbidden, except for a just cause (according to Islamic law); (4) To eat up Riba (usury); (5) To eat up the property of an orphan; (6) To show one's back to the enemy and fleeing from the battlefield at the time of fighting; (7) And to accuse chaste women who never even think of anything touching their chastity and are good believers. (45) CHAPTER. Slandering the slaves (accusing them for committing illegal sexual intercourse). 6858. Narrated AbU Hurairah heard Abtil-Qasim (the Prophet li) saying, "If somebody slanders his slave (by accusing them of committing illegal sexual intercourse) and the slave is free from what he says, he (the master) will be flogged on the Day of Resurrection, unless the slave is really as he has described him."

(46) CHAPTER. Can a ruler order somebody to inflict the legal punishment on someone without himself being present? 'Umar did so (during his caliphate). 6859, 6860. Narrated Abü Hurairah and Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani: A man came to the Prophet il and said, "I beseech you by

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Allah to judge between us according to Allah's Laws." Then his opponent, who was wiser than he, got up and said, "He has spoken the truth. So judge between us according to Allah's Laws; and please allow me (to speak first), 0 Allah's Messenger." The Prophet g. said, "Speak." He said, "My son was a labourer for the family of this man and he committed illegal sexual intercourse with his wife, and I gave one hundred sheep and a slave as a ransom (expiation) (for my son), but I asked the religious learned people (regarding this case), and they informed me that my son should be flogged one hundred stripes, and be exiled for one year, and the wife of this man should be stoned (to death)". The Prophet said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, I will judge between you (in this case) according to Allah's Laws. The one hundred (sheep) and the slave shall be returned to you, and your son shall be flogged one hundred stripes and be exiled for one year. And 0 Unais! Go in the morning to the wife of this man and ask her, and if she confesses, stone her to death." She confessed and he stoned her to death.

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