Proverbs, Sentences, and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly before 1500: From English Writings Mainly Before 1500 [Reprint 2014 ed.] 9780674437364, 9780674437357

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PROVERBS, SENTENCES, AND

PROVERBIAL PHRASES From English Writings Mainly Before 1500

PROVERBS, SENTENCES, AND

PROVERBIAL PHRASES From English Writings Mainly Before 1500

by BARTLETT JERE WHITING with the collaboration of

HELEN WESCOTT WHITING

THE BELKNAP PRESS of HARVARD

UNIVERSITY PRESS

Cambridge, Massachusetts 1968

5 Copyright 1968 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved

Distributed in Great Britain by Oxford University Press, London Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 67-22874

Burton L. Stratton, Typographer Printed in the United States of America

To FRANCIS PEABODY MAGOUN, J R . HAMILTON MARTIN SMYSER ARCHER TAYLOR our friends for more than forty years

PREFACE When the preparation of a book has taken far too many years, the author not infrequently refers to the extraordinary complexity of his task, and to a heavy load of teaching and the other academic burdens which have hindered his research. Though these excuses might perhaps be as true in this case as in many others, candor requires the confession that this book would have been done long since save for indolence and procrastination, qualities which slow scholarship to the same degree that they make Ufe tolerable. In recent years indolence and procrastination have been tempered, if that is the word, by my collaborator, and at this point it is proper to state her share in this book other than as a catalyst. After I had made the first typed copy of the manuscript, she did the major part of verifying the quotations and references. She then typed and proofread the final copy, including the index, and read the galley and page proofs with me. She is not responsible for the contents as such, but to her is largely due whatever accuracy and consistency the book possesses. To list the names of aU those who have given me information and advice through the years would be beyond my memory's grasp and, in any event, the result would read like a directory and necrology of scholars. George Lyman Kittredge, my faculty adviser from my freshman year through graduate school, fostered my interest in proverbs. When he encouraged me, in 1923 or thereabouts, to begin collecting for this book, he remarked, more wisely than I knew, that it might well take many years. My other friends who remember having helped me will know that I am grateful and will forgive me for not listing them in either alphabetical or chronological order. I am deeply indebted to the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation for making me a Fellow in 1961, and to Harvard University for grants from the Joseph H. Clark Bequest. The Harvard University Press has my profound thanks for its willingness to produce so handsomely a volume not inevitably destined for the best-seller lists. Here I am happy to single out Mrs. Edward T. Wilcox, who is, in the proper sense of the word, the gossip of this book.

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Preface

My greatest debt, which is both institutional and human, is to the collections and stafiF of the Harvard College Library, in or near which my research has been done. It contains in one form or another all but a dozen or so of the books which I consulted and these it secured for me on interlibrary loan. In the third edition (1661) of the Compleat Angler (p. 118) Isaac Walton quotes Dr. Boteler (PWiUiam Butler) as having said of strawberries, "Doubtlesse God cou'd have made a better berry, but doubtlesse God never did." If Walton's taste and conscience let him substitute recreation for berry and angling for strawberry, I may be allowed to put our library in the place of both. BJ.W. Cambridge, Massachusetts July 1968

INTRODUCTION SOURCES In assembling the quotations of which this book consists an effort was made to read, sometimes more than once, everything of a hterary nature written before 1500, and many things hardly literary in character, which have survived and are available. I have not attempted, save occasionally, to survey impublished manuscript materials. Ideally this should have been done, but, aside from the inevitable postponement of a work already too long in gestation, the nature of the unprinted texts, mainly religious and didactic, suggests that they would do little more than increase the examples of sentences,^ especially those of Biblical origin. I have made grateful use of the following bibliographical books, identified by short titles if included in my own bibliography: Brown-Robbins; Arthur H. Heuisinkveld and E. J. Bashe, A Bibliographical Guide to Old English (Iowa City, 1931); MED: Plan and Bibliography (Ann Arbor, 1954); NED: Bibliography (Oxford, 1933); Robbins-Cutler; Lena L. Tucker and A. R. Benham, A Bibliography of Fifteenth Century Literature (Seattle, 1928); John E. Wells, A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, 1050-1400 (New Haven, 1916) and Supplements; Samuel K. Workman, Fifteenth Century Translations as an Influence on English Prose (Princeton, 1940). Of these my greatest debt is to Brown-Robbins, Robbins-Cutler, and the bibliography for the MED, since without them I should lack what little confidence I have in the inclusiveness of my search. In addition to things clearly or inferentially composed before 1500, I have drawn upon writings later than 1500 by a number of authors bom twenty years or so before the tum of the century. These include Alexander Barclay, Lord Berners, Gavin Douglas, William Dunbar, Stephen Hawes, Sir Thomas More, John Skelton, and Thomas Watson. Finally, I have included the sayings preserved by John Heywood (cl497-1578) in his various writings. Heywood^ is the first great collector of English proverbs, 1 Despite its usual modem meaning, sentence now seems to me preferable to sententia, frequently used, or to the more cumbersome, though less ambiguous, sententious remark. The NED defines Sentence (4) as " A quoted saying of some eminent person, an apophthegm. Also, a pithy or pointed saying, an aphorism, maxim. Obs." Obsolete or not, the definition is comprehensive and no medievalist should fear the obsolete. 2 For a full discussion of HeyvsOod's Dialogue, see the introduction to Rudolph E. Habenicht's edition (University of California Publications, English Studies, 25, Berkeley, 1963). Heyv(Ood used relatively few proverbs in his plays (see Whiting Drama, p. 181); and in The Spider and the Fly, where proverbs are frequent, he recast them freely.

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drawn on by subsequent men of letters and makers of dictionaries alike, and his work stands as a dividing line, however thin and artificial, between the earlier and later stock of English proverbs. Anyone who turns the pages of the present volume will be struck by the number of familiar sayings which seem to appear for the first time in Heywood. An examination of the standard dictionaries of English proverbs, notably Tilley's, will show that many of the proverbs in Heywood, though not foimd before 1500, were recorded by sixteenth-century writers before Heywood. The temptation, therefore, to regard Heywood imcritically as the originator of this or that proverb should be resisted. That he did invent some is likely enough, since it would be an impulse hard to resist, especially in the Dialogue, but that he did it often is contrary to the evidence, if only because so many sayings in Heywood are found only once or twice before him, thus showing the importance of the chance survival of a text or two.^ One thing is certain, however: if Heywood did invent a saying it was accepted without question by later collectors.

CONTENTS Any discussion of the contents of a collection of medieval proverbs must begin with a statement of the obvious fact that, no matter how popular a saying may appear, it comes to us at one remove or more from popular usage. The medieval proverbs which survive do so only because they were written down by educated men, none of them collectors from the field. In most cases the sayings were incorporated in literary works by authors who did not hesitate to make changes suggested by context, application, and meter. We sometimes forget that Heywood's Dialogue and Epigrams are poems, although Heywood's standards of prosody are such as to let him use proverbs without too drastic changes for rhyme or rhythm's sake. What we have in most quotations is the proverb, not as an author may have heard or read it, but in the form which suited his immediate convenience or whim. Those who edit collections of proverbial material are impelled by a tradition, dating at least from Erasmus, to furnish definitions of their wares. The results have rarely satisfied either the editors or those readers who chose to be concerned. One reason for this discomfort lies in the miscellaneous nature of the sayings which, at least since Erasmus, are brought together in most collections. We do not find solely proverbs, whether or not designated as popular, but in addition things which must be given ^Habenicht (p. 73) is, perhaps, too generous when he says that Heywood includes enough proverbs "without known sources to suggest strongly that he was the most original proverb maker of modem times."

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other names if the word "proverb" is to carry even the slightest precision of meaning. It might be better, indeed, to attempt no exact definition of proverb but to rely rather on the common and received understanding of what is likely to be foimd in a book called a Dictionary of Proverbs or the like. As an old hand at collecting, quoting, paraphrasing, and attempting definitions of proverbs,^ I am inclined to feel that there is little gain in going over the old ground once more, especially since no simple definition, or even series of simple definitions, is likely to fit everything foxmd in a comprehensive collection. A Middle English author remarked, and the statement is not without grandeur, that "Aristotle wrote a thousand books." Aristotle also gave what Synesius called the first Greek definition of proverbs, which he said were those portions of man's early philosophy which had survived because of brevity and cleverness. We could indeed do worse than accept this definition to a point by agreeing that proverbs are ordered combinations of words, of whatever origin or age, which survived for a time becatise of brevity and cleverness. Even here we must be liberal in ош interpretation of brevity and cleverness. In another place Aristotle says that proverbs are "metaphors from species to species." He illustrates his statement by saying that when a man receives injury rather than an expected profit, he may compare himself to the Carpathian and the hare, but he does not trouble to tell the presumably well-known story of the Carpathian and the hare.^ If Aristotle was the first Greek to advance a definition he was far from the last, Greek or other, to do so. For a selection of later definitions, most less satisfactory than Aristotle's if only because longer and therefore more confusing, I refer to the article already mentioned. Here I shall attempt, without any comforting hope of success, to approach the problem by discussing the contents of this book, which does not diflFer markedly from similar volumes. Our title calls for the inclusion of proverbs, popular in the sense that they were originally passed on by word of mouth, sentences, literary in the sense that they were originally passed on by writing, and proverbial phrases, which are even less easy to describe than are the other two. One might say that proverbs and sentences are statements which convey a more or less obvious moral or lesson, and that proverbial phrases particularize a person or situation without pointing an obvious lesson. The distinction between proverbs and sentences, however, is often * My first, most elaborate, and most confident effort appeared in Harvard Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature 14(1932), 273-307. To my mingled gratification and embarrassment portions of this are still quoted from time to time, with or without approval. A more modest discussion, owing much to Archer Taylor, introduces our Dictionary of American Proverbs, but even this attempt at reasonable discrimination did not please all our reviewers. ® For references, see the article cited in note 4 above.

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narrow indeed, and some proverbial phrases are sufficiently wise. The threefold division is, in fact, an excuse rather than an explanation. There are several means by which the compiler of a book such as this satisfies himself that a particular saying is a proverb. In many cases an author labels a proverb as such. He may call it a proverb, a byword, an (old) saw, or he may introduce it with such words as: "men say," "it is known from old," "sooth is said," "I have heard say," "as say these clerks." We must observe that there is nothing to prevent an author from calling something a proverb which has not previously been so regarded or which may even be his own invention. Nevertheless, if something is called a proverb in the fourteenth century, it is unwise for someone in the twentieth century to disagree. Too much writing has disappeared, too little speech was ever put into writing, for us to suppose a first recording to be necessarily a first occurrence. In the medieval period there are a number of collections, some quite extensive, of English proverbs, each accompanied by one or more Latin versions. The evidence suggests that these collections were educational tools, that the vernacular proverbs are original, and that the Latin versions are models for translation or paraphrase by students, or are examples of students' efforts.® Several of the collections show interrelation and derivation and certain of the proverbs are never, or rarely, foimd outside the collections. There are also a nimiber of poems which consist largely of proverbs. Some of these, such as Proverbis of Wysdom and Fyrst thou sal, are no more than dogged accumulations of proverbs united by little other than meter and occasional rough associationism. The authors felt free to indulge in line and couplet fillers, and their proverbs are frequently no more than loose moral and religious statements, if "statement" is not sometimes too precise a word. Here, too, there are interrelations, but these poems have not been closely studied as a group. In addition, there are poems, such as the Proverbs of Hendyng and the Good Wife poems,'' especially How the Good Wyfe Wold a Pylgremage, where proverbs have a structural function. One need only look at the surviving versions of Hendyng to see the degree to which scribal editors added, deleted, and substituted proverbs. Every compiler of a collection of proverbs relies on the judgment of his predecessors.® If a saying has been included by a previous editor, no ®For a fuller account of these collections, the earliest of which is from the late Old English period, see Franciplegius: Medieval and Linguistic Studies in Honor of Francis Peabody Magoun, Jr., ed. jess B. Bessinger, Jr., and Robert P. Creed (New York, 1965), 274-7. ^See Mustanoja in the bibliography. am, for example, greatly indebted to Apperson, MED, NED, Oxford, Skeat, and Tilley, as well as to those who have studied the proverbs in particular authors, and to editors who have enriched their notes with parallels to the proverbs found in their texts.

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matter when that editor lived or what his qualifications may have been, the temptation is overwhelming to retain the saying. Authority is a mighty bulwark and, conversely, there is a natural reluctance to invite the question, If X and Y and Ζ considered this saying worthy of inclusion in a collection of proverbs, what are your groimds for omitting it, other, of course, than ignorance or negligence? We must face the likelihood that when collectors draw mechanically upon earlier compilations, and in English this has been customary since Bacon rifled Heywood's Dialogue (and also Erasmus and others) for his Promus,^ a not inconsiderable mmiber of sayings become what may be called dictionary proverbs; that is, though they are repeated from collection to collection, they are no longer found in literary or popular use.^® Proverbs that may be dictionary proverbs will be readily recognized from lack of currency. In regard to them we are not much worse off than as regards other proverbs in one respect: until the time of the modem field collector we cannot assert with even partial assurance that a proverb was current among the people at a particular time or even that it was genuinely popular in origin.^^ That a proverb becomes obsolete does not mean that it was not once a proverb. We are at the mercy of our sources and the further back we go the less ample and reliable our sources are. For myself, if comprehensive and competent collectors, such as Apperson, the editors of the Oxford Dictionary, and Tilley, enter something as a proverb, then I include it here, even if I find it only once in my sources. Perhaps I should particularly mention that if a saying of Biblical origin has appeared in the collections I have ordinarily entered it, even though I have foimd it only in direct translations from the Bible. Finally, the collector relies on his own judgment without regard to precedent. Most people feel able to identify a proverb, and this confidence is strengthened by familiarity. There comes to be a sense of recognition, ® The Promus, to be sure, was not printed until 1883, and then as an anti-Stratfordian piece. The English proverbs in Jan Gruter's Florilegium Ethicopoliticum seem to come in the main from Heywood; see Archer Taylor, Proverbia Britannica, Washington University Studies, XI(1924), Humanistic Studies, 2, 410-1. William Camden, in his tum, took over Gruter's proverbs for the Remaines concerning Britane (1614) (Taylor, 411-2), as did James Howell for llAPOIMOTΡΑΦΙΑ, Proverbs, or Old Sayed Sawes and Adages (1659), which is the third part of his Lexicon Tetraglotton (1660). Howell also drew upon Heywood independently, so to speak, and even quoted three pages from the Dialogue, for once with due acknowledgment (Taylor, p. 412; Habenicht [as in note 2 above], p. 28). Howell, by the by, concluded his work with "Divers Centuries of New Sayings, which may serve for Proverbs to Posterity." Anyone who thinks that familiarity with genuine proverbs, purloined or not, leads to convincing imitations has only to read Howell to be disillusioned. ^''See below, pp. xiv-xv. ^^ Field collectors, finding it not as easy to ask an informant to recite proverbs as to sing songs or tell tales, resort to prepared lists, a method which may produce mixed results; see Whiting NC, pp. 347-8.

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a pricking of the thumbs, which says that a statement is proverbial. The revelation is not infallible, nor is it always immediate, since it frequently comes only with the second or third appearance of a phrase when the earlier examples are gone beyond recall. Occasionally, then, proverbial means what the editor chooses it to mean, neither more nor less. Such considered or, if one prefers, snap judgments are inevitable and in limited numbers excusable, though one would be suspicious of a collection entitled Proverbs Newly Identified. Like other compilers I have been guided by instinct, but not, I trust, to an excessive degree. The preceding paragraphs have ostensibly dealt with proverbs but, so far as clear-cut definitions go, they apply to sentences as well. We may make a distinction between the two, as I once did, by saying that a proverb is an expression which owes its birth to the people and testifies to its origin in form and phrase,^^ whereas a sentence is a piece of wisdom which has not crystallized into specific current form and which anyone feels free to rephrase to suit himself.^^ We can further say that the language of proverbs is concrete, that of sentences abstract, and that there is more likely to be a second level of meaning in proverbs than in sentences. Medieval writers, however, did not give heed to such definitions and distinctions, and they used the same words and phrases for what we regard as proverbs and for what, once we have set up the two categories, we can only consider sentences. The Wife of Bath on one occasion (CT III[D] 659-60) uses "proverbs" to describe sentences of Biblical origin and "old saw" for a popular proverb.^^ A poet felt as free to recast a proverb as to rephrase a sentence and, though the observation about language is generally sound, some popular proverbs are abstract and some sentences are concrete. Many Middle English works are translations, and what is clearly a proverb in the original language may seem anything but popular in translation or paraphrase.^^ Modem definitions, useful as they may be, cannot be methodically applied to the earlier period, nor do generalizations from later centuries hold. For example, Tilley, in the Foreword to his Dictionary (p. vii), writes as follows: "In the main, those proverbs which are illustrated by a considerable number of examples are the people's proverbs, the popular proverbs. Conversely, foreign and learned proverbs often show only a few ^^See p. 302 of the article cited in note 4 above for an expanded version of this defmition. See p. 306 of the same article. Indeed, where Chaucer applies the word "proverb" to particular sayings, we would be likely to call nineteen of them sentences and no more than five proverbs. i^See "Proverbs in Certain Middle English Romances in Relation to their French Sources," Harvard Studies and Notes in Philchgy and Literature 15(1933) 75-126. The many quotations in this volume from Caxton's translations a£Ford further evidence.

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examples in literature. For instance, under M80, A blind man can ^udge no colors, there is an example from Erasmus, fifteen examples in all from proverb collections, and just one from literature. The strong vitality of the English proverbs is shown by their frequency outside the collections." The statement is reasonable and the evidence persuasive, yet, if we look at this foreign, learned proverb, M50 in the present volume, we find nine examples from literature, two of them after 1500, one from a collection before 1500,^® and two from Heywood. Tilley could almost as well have cited his P646, Be it better, be it worse, do after him that bears the purse, where he finds two examples from literature and ten from collections. The present volume (P441) shows three examples before Heywood, all from collections. Of the two sayings, the first is from Latin and abstract rather than concrete, while the second is, so far as we know, native English, and is concrete rather than abstract. Thus we see that Tilley's generalization is stood on its head. Nor does it gain support from Apperson (pp. 29, 54) and Oxford (pp. 25, 51), who give additional examples: of the first, three from literature (one each from the seventeenth, eighteenth, and twentieth centuries)^^ and one from a seventeenth-century collection, and of the second, two from literature (one each from the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries)^® and one from an eighteenth-century collection. Neither saying is in Taylor and Whiting, and I have noted no modem instances of either, though it would be strange if authors of an antiquarian turn did not use them occasionally. With all proper diffidence, and remembering that there are fewer sources for the earlier period, these examples permit us to say that a learned origin, foreign or native, cannot be securely inferred from the number of times a saying is used, that sentences are more apt to be paraphrased and adapted, and that obsolescence is no respecter of origins. Two examples do not make a rule, any more than one swallow makes a summer,^® and other instances might be made to yield other conclusions. In the field of popular and sententious widsom. There are more and larger collections from after 1500 than before, but that fact is of no great significance here. Another example, and by far the most artful adaptation of the saying, is in Henry Fielding's Tom Jones (bk. vi, ch. 1): "To treat of the EfiFects of Love to you, must be as absurd as to discourse on Colours to a Man bom blind; since possibly your Idea of Love may be as absurd as that which we are told such blind Man once entertained of the Colour Red (ed. 1750: Scarlet); that Colour seemed to him very much like the Sound of a Trumpet; and Love probably may, in your Opinion, very greatly resemble a Dish of Soup, or a Sir-loin of Roast-beef." ^^The second of these is from Sir Walter Scott, who commonly borrowed proverbs from printed sources. Here is a saying of classical origin, but concrete rather than abstract, rarely found other than in its fixed form, probably thought of as a popular proverb, and yet relatively uncommon in modem literary use.

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definitions and generalizations are harmless exercises in ingenuity and fallibility, but they belong, if anywhere, in an introduction and should not be permitted to limit the scope and usefulness of a collection. Mr. Kittredge was fond of quoting from a freshman of long ago who wrote, "This casts a dark light on the subject," and that remark is an appropriate epigraph for this and most similar discussions. Although the term proverbial phrase is an admitted catch-all, some of the groups of sayings commonly thought of as under the designation may be isolated. Comparisons, such as As busy as a bee (B165), As lean as a rake (R23), or As right (also crooked) as a ram's horn (R26, 27), and similes, such as To foam Hke a boar (B397), To die like a dog (D321), or To eat like a horse (H532), make up perhaps the largest number.^® Many of these phrases are popular and have long been recognized as such, but many others are clearly literary in origin and some peculiar to a single author. One may observe, for instance, Lydgate's fondness for figures involving tigers (T284-97), and other authors are as positive in their preferences. Once one begins to collect such figures of speech it is difficult either to stop or to discriminate too closely, and I have included more examples than are to be found in most earlier collections. In the aggregate they illustrate a common, if not too admirable, trick of style. Another large group are what may be called expressions of worthlessness or contempt, such as the entries under bean (B82-93), cress (C546-9), flea (F260-3), not always to be distinguished from fly (F339-45), and straw (S804-15). These phrases, for the greater part, seem popular, but here too we must allow for the inventiveness of authors. A large group of phrases ше place names to suggest inclusiveness or distance, such as Between Orkneys and Ind (052) or From (any place, or simply hence) to Rome (R182). All collections contain some of these idioms, but I have been more hospitable to them than have most of my predecessors. Other phrases are based on various activities of animals and human beings at work and at play, such as To bend one's bow (B480), To chew on the bridle (B533), To stand on the ice (14), To knit a knot (K97), To drive in the nail (N8), To hold the plow (P275), To lead (rule) the ring (R138), One's rock (distaff) is spun (R163), To fall with one's own sweng (S950). Still others, such as To look as the devil looks over Lincoln (D212) or Leicestershire full of beans (L192), may be called local sayings, and are far less common in the early period than later.2^ Another small group includes personal names, such as Jenken and Julian (J23), John Thomson's man (J53), Kit has lost her keys (K70), or As

For a large collection of modem examples from California, see Taylor Comparisons, with its learned and far-reaching introduction. See G. F. Northall, English Folk-Rhymes (London, 1892).

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wise as Tom (Jack) a thumb (T362), where the identity of the individual, if the name ever represented other than a type, and frequently the precise meaning of the phrase are lost. To dissect the proverbial phrase further would not clarify it more, and perhaps we may simply say that what is not clearly a proverb or a sentence is a proverbial phrase. In sum and in repetition, this book is a collection of sayings, some popular and others not, some guides for conduct and some descriptive and idiomatic phrases. That readers will disagree with the propriety of some entries—and it would be odd almost to a proverb if there were not disagreement—will not disturb me to the degree that I shall be troubled when I learn of the omissions which I must have made. What is in a book can be ignored, what is not there can be neither weighed nor used.

TREATMENT

OF

QUOTATIONS

The men responsible for the pages from which most of the quotations in this book are taken, the men who stand between the manuscripts and the reader, range from fifteenth-centmy printers to twentieth-century editors. Their texts, taken all in all, exhibit nearly every variety of whimsicality, ignorance, carelessness, and conscientious scholarship. In consequence, I have tried to introduce, though probably not without exception or omission, certain conventions likely to aid the user of the book. All quotations begin with a capital letter, and the first letter of every line of verse is capitalized. The passages from Old English are otherwise given unaltered and the following changes are found only in the later quotations. Modem usage is followed with regard to i and /, и and v. All symbols for and are replaced by that word and neither here nor elsewhere is the expansion of contractions indicated. Thom and eth, and their various equivalents, are replaced by th. The yogh, also varied in form by scribes, printers, and editors, is represented by the letters for the sovmds which seem to be intended, usually g, gh, or y. Some of these changes produce words whose appearance will disturb, if not revolt, textual purists, and no one is likely to deny that quotations from the Ormulum, odd enough imaltered, look odder still without the protective glamor of double thorns and double yoghs. Indeed, out of a nostalgia which may seem frivolous, two words have been left as Holt printed them. Finally, where marks of punctuation are absent or sporadic, I have tried to supply the minimum necessary for imderstanding, and I have occasionally altered editorial pvmctuation which seems misleading. Perhaps I have done too little pointing and have left the reader too free to follow Lord Timothy Dexter's injunction to salt and pepper to suit himself.

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DATING Few users of this volume will need to be reminded that the dates attached to the quotations are almost all approximate and frequently questionable. Dates of literary composition are at best kittle cattle, to use the Scots proverbial phrase, not the least so in the centuries with which we are concerned. Even when we are reasonably confident of the life span of an author, such as Chaucer, his individual works can rarely be fixed in time. All too few dated their own works as did the author of Ayenbite and, on occasion, Lydgate. Nevertheless, a collection of this kind would be confusing indeed if not arranged "on historical principles," and so I have dated in accord with the best available guides. No one, so far as I know, has ventured to compile a list of Old English writings with even approximate dates of composition. Authorities differ so widely as to the dates of the surviving manuscripts, themselves often at far removes from the author, that the task may be hopeless as well as dangerous. Here I have tried to follow the most plausible suggestions, whether traditional or lately hatched. For the Middle English period I have adopted, imless oversight intervened, the dates of composition established for the MED (see Plan and Bibliography, p. 18). I have, however, systematically omitted the question marks which the MED properly affixes to many dates, on the ground that such cautions have little significance for the present book. Many works, especially short anonymous poems, from the second half of the fifteenth century are not included in the MED. Here I have depended on the Bibliography to the NED, statements by editors or commentators, and, where all else failed, on what is little better than the old rule of New England, "by guess and by gorry." Thus, I have been perhaps too free with cl450, al475, cl475, al500 and clSOO. Advice as to dating early printed books has been given me by Miss Katherine Pantzer, the editor of the late William A. Jackson's forthcoming revision of the Short Title Catalogue. What I have hoped to achieve is that the chronological sequence from the first quotation of any saying to the last be substantially correct, even if individual dates may be vincertain or wrong. In any case, the dates help the searching eye to separate the quotations.

ENTRY

FORMS

The entry forms in this volume are in general similar to those in Tilley. There is a lemma, or standard form, for each entry. Wherever feasible the lemma gives the usual wording of common sayings, but it will be noted that the early phrasings are not always those which were later to

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become fixed. Authors, indeed, reworded sayings so frequently that the lemma, even with important variations included in parentheses, cannot always reproduce the modifications presented in the quotations. In such cases the word (varied ) follows the lemma and warns the reader to check the lemma against the quotations. The lemmas for Old English sayings are given in modem English, but here, and throughout, obsolete words are frequently retained in the spellings favored by the NED and are accompanied by translations. The lemmas indicate the various forms of the more recurrent comparisons when the phrase is not quoted in full throughout the entry. As dead as stone (S759), for example, may appear thus, or As dead as a stone. As dead as any stone, or As dead as the stone. The lemma will read As dead as (a, any, the) stone. In the body of the entry the bibliographical reference will be followed by a, or any, or the, as the case may be. Where sayings, usually comparisons or similes, are foimd only once and cannot be matched in later collections, they are brought together under a lemma for the earliest quotation (see A83 and A145). This arrangement has obvious disadvantages but seems preferable to the multiplication of short entries. In addition to economy of space, it serves to isolate the sayings most likely to be peculiar to a single author. The alphabetical arrangement is based on a key word in each saying. Ordinarily the word chosen is the first important noxm, but, where there is no suitable noun, the first important verb serves, and in the rare cases where there is neither noun nor verb of importance some other significant part of speech is used. Parasyntactic forms of comparisons follow the full form, thus Snow-white after As white as snow, and share the same number (S437). Homonyms are separated, as, if the number of entries warrants, are substantive, verbal, and adjectival uses of the same word. Unlike Tilley, I have not distinguished between the singular and plural of noims. All sayings which come imder a single key word are grouped by the first words of the lemmas, except that articles are ignored. I could wish that there were fewer sayings under such neutral words as man and thing, and the reader cannot be expected to realize the degree to which I have limited these categories. Each lemma has a number which consists of the appropriate letter of the alphabet followed by a numeral. Thus, we have Al to A260, and then B1 and so on. All quotations are dated, although the dates are often far from precise (see the remarks under "Dating" above). A bibliographical reference without quotation indicates that the particular example is identical, save perhaps for spelling, with the lemma. With few exceptions (Yll is a notable case), all occurrences which I

Introduction

XX

have noted have been entered. ^^ Tilley, on the contrary, sometimes prints only a selection and gives at the end of the entry the number of occurrences which he has omitted. This expedient, to be sure, saves space, but an example will suggest that it can be detrimental. Tilley, it will be remembered (see p. xv above), uses A blind man can judge no colors to contrast the evidence afforded by sayings in collections with that in works of literature. As good a parallel as the one I chose would have been The blind eat many a fly (Tilley B451), a saying which, so far as we can tell, is native English and painfully concrete. Here Tilley has an example from Skelton and fourteen from collections, whereas in this volvmie (B348) there are four examples from literature, including Skelton, and three from collections before Heywood. Apperson (pp. 55-6) and Oxford (p. 50) add one example from the sixteenth century and two from the seventeenth. Tilley, however, indicates that he has omitted twenty occvirrences, and we are left to wonder which of these are from literature and which from collections. The space saved is negligible in proportion, and even if there is little apparent utility in multiplying instances of As red as a rose (R199) and As white as snow (S437) and As still as stone (S772), it is better to have them than to leave the rare but interested reader to guess at their spread in chronology and literary use. After the quotations, references are given to works^^ in which later examples of the saying are to be fovmd or, nearly as significant, which show that the saying has not been recorded after the period with which we are concerned. With few exceptions, I have not attempted to cover continental collections, although books which I cite frequently refer to foreign parallels. As it stands, material is made available to trace the history of many sayings in later English and American usage. Finally, cross-references, by entry numbers, are given to comparable sayings within the collection. References of this kind are easy to multiply and I have not attempted to compete with the Index. Until the computer, itself already proverbial, takes over proverbs, no arrangement can satisfy everyone, least of all its maker, and I can only say to this book what Chaucer said to his Troilus, "That thow be understonde, God I biseche!" ^^Some discretion has been exercised in the case of foreign works which appear in several Enghsh translations. Thus, I have not entered similes from every translation of the Psalms, or sentences from every version of the Distichs of Cato, or every saying from Caxton's Royal Book, since Friar Loren's Somme was represented earlier by the Ayenbite of Inwit and Vices and Virtues. ^^ Perhaps I should apologize for the frequency with which my own name appears in this connection. That it is not from sheer exhibitionism is suggested, to me at least, by the fact that, if examples had been cited from Old French sources, four more titles would have been added.

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES The list below is a short-title finding list for this volume and has, unlike the bibliography for the MED, no independent value. Only enough bibliographical detail is given to enable the user to locate the source; it has seemed pointless to indicate vt'hether an early print has been read from an original or from microfilm, but published facsimiles are identified. Works quoted no more than two or three times are not entered; for these adequate references are supplied in the text. AB: Altenglische Bibliothek, ed. E. Kolbing, Heilbronn, Leipzig, 1883-90. Adam Davy (cl308): Adam Davy's 5 Dreams about Edward II, ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS 69, 1878. Additioruil MS. 37075 (al500): BM Additional MS. 37075, ff. 70a-71a, ed. B. J. Whiting in Franciplegitis: Mediaeval and Linguistic Studies in Honor of Francis P. Magoun, Jr., ed. J. В. Bessinger, Jr., and R. P. Creed, New York, 1965, 274-89. Aelfric Heptateuch (clOOO): The Old English Version of the Heptateuch, ed. S. J. Crawford, EETS 160, 1922. Aelfric Homilies (clOOO): The Sermones Catholici, or Homilies of Aelfric, ed. Benjamin Thorpe, 2 vols., Aelfric Society, London, 1843-6. Aelfric Judith (clOOO): in Assmann, 102-16. Aelfric Lives (clOOO): Aelfric's Lives of Saints, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS 76, 82, 94, 114, 1881-1900. Aelfric Pastoral Letters (clOOO): Die Hirtenbriefe Aelfrics, ed. Bernhard Fehr, BAP 9, Hamburg, 1914. Against Adultery (al500): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 368-70. Agnus (al450): Agnus Castus, a Middle English Herbal, ed. Costa Brodin, Essays and Studies on English Language and Literature 6, Upsala, 1950. AJP: American Journal of Philology 1(1880)—. Alas! what rulythe (al500): in Report on the Manuscripts of Lord Middleton, Historical Manuscripts Commission, 1911, 267-8. Alcock Möns (1496): John Alcock, Möns perfeccionis, otherwyse in englysshe the hyll of perfección, W. de Wörde, 1496. Alcock Sermo pro episcopo (al500); In die Innocencium, Sermo pro episcopo puerorum, W. de Wörde, [?1496]. Alexander A (cl350): The Gests of King Alexander of Macedón, ed. Francis P. Magoun, Jr., Cambridge, Mass., 1929, 121-70. Alexander В (cl350): as above, 171-216. Alexander С (al400 [Ashmole], al500 [Dublin]): The Wars of Alexander, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS ES 47, 1886. (All quotations are from Ashmole unless Dublin is specified.) Alexander Buik (cl400): The Buik of Alexander, ed. R. L. Graeme Ritchie, 4 vols., paged continuously, STS, 1921-9.

Bibliographical References

χχϋ

Alexander-Cassamus (al500): Editio Princeps des mittelenglischen Cassamus (Alexandeifragmentes) der Universitätsbibliothek Cambridge, ed. Karl Rosskopf, Erlangen, 1911. Alexius (cl400): The Life of St. Alexius in Adam Davy, 19-79. Alfred Augustine (a900): König Alfreds des Grossen Bearbeitung der Soliloquien des Augustinus, ed. W. Endter, BAP 11, Hamburg, 1922. Alfred Boethius (897): King Alfred's ОЫ English Version of Boethius, De Consolatione Philosophiae, ed. Walter J. Sedgefield, Oxford, 1899. Alfred Gregory (a900): King Alfred's West-Saxon Version of Gregory'g Pastoral Care, ed. Henry Sweet, EETS 45, 50, 1871-2. Alfred Lays of Boethius (a900): in Alfred Boethius, 151-204. Alfred Orosius (a900): King Alfred's Orosius, ed. Henry Sweet, EETS 79, 1883. Alisaunder (al300): Kyng Alisaunder, ed. G. V. Smithers, 2 vols., EETS 227, 237, 1952-7. (The text is in vol. 1, which is cited without volume number.) Allen R. Rolle (v.d.): English Writings of Richard Rolle, ed. Hope Emily Allen, Oxford, 1931. Alphabet (cl450): An Alphabet of Tales, ed. Mary M. Banks, EETS 126-7, 1904-5. Alysoun (cl325); in Brown Lyrics Xlll, 138-9. Amadace (al400): Ireland Blackbume MS. in John Robson, Three Early English Metrical Romances, CS 18, 1842, 27-56; (al500): Advocates MS. 19.3.1 in Henry Weber, Metrical Romances of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Centuries, 3 vols., Edinburgh, 1810, III, 243-75. Amis (cl300): Amis and Amiloun, ed. MacEdward Leach, EETS 203, 1937. Amours: F. J. Amours, ed., Scottish Alliterative Poems in Riming Stanzas, STS, 1892-7. Ancrene (al200): Ancrene Wisse, edited from MS. Corpus Christi College Cambridge 402 by J. R. R. Tolkien, EETS 249, 1962. Ancrene (GC) (al300): The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from Gonville and Caius College MS. 234/120 by R. M. Wilson, EETS 229, 1954. Ancrene (Merton) (al350): The Latin Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from Merton College MS. 44 by Charlotte D'Evelyn, EETS 216, 1944. Ancrene (Nero) (al250): The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from Cotton MS. Nero A.XIV by Mabel Day, EETS 225, 1952. Ancrene [Recluse) (al400): The Recluse, ed. Joel Pâhlsson, Lund, 1918. Ancrene (Royal) (al500): The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from British Museum MS. Royal 8 C.l by A. C. Baugh, EETS 232, 1956. Ancrene (Trinity) (al300): The French Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from Trinity College Cambridge MS. R.14.7 by W. H. Trethewey, EETS 240, 1958. Ancrene (Vitellius) (al300); The French Text of the Ancrene Riwle, edited from British Museum MS. Cotton Vitellius F vii by J. A. Herbert, EETS 219, 1944. Anglo-Saxon Charms (v.d.): Godfrid Storms, Anglo-Saxon Magic, 's-Gravenhage, 1948. Annot (cl325): Annoi and Johon in Brown Lyrics Xlll, 136-8. Apocalypse (cl350): An English Fourteenth Century Apocalypse Version with a Prose Commentary, ed. Elis Fridner, Lund Studies in English 29, 1961. Apology (cl400): An Apology for Lollard Doctrines, ed. James H. Todd, CS 20, 1842. Apperson: G. L. Apperson, English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases: A Historical Dictionary, London, 1929. Archiv: Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 1(1846)—. Arderne Fistula (cl425): John Arderne, Treatises of Fistula in Ano, ed. D'Arcy Power, EETS 139, 1910.

xxiü

Bibliographical

References

Arthour and M} (al300): Arthour and Merlin, nach der Auchinleck-HS., ed. Eugen Kolbing, AB 4, Leipzig, 1890. Arthour and M? (al425 [Lincolns Inn], al500 [Douce]): Arthour and Merlin (the later version), as above, 275-370. Arthour and M? (cl500): Merline in Percy Folio Manuscript, I, 422-96. Arthur (al400): ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS 2, 1864. Arundel Vulgaria (el495): A Fifteenth Century School Book from a Manuscript in the British Museum (MS. Arundel 249), ed. William Nelson, Oxford, 1956. Ashby: George Ashby's Poems, ed. Mary Bateson, EETS ES 76, 1899. Ashby Dicta (al475): Dicta et opiniones diversorum philosophorum, as above, 42-100. Ashby Policy (al471): Active Policy of a Prince, as above, 12-41. Ashby Prisoner (1463): A Prisoner's Reflections, as above, 1-12. Ashmole: Elias Ashmole, Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum, London, 1652. ASMP: The Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems, ed. Elliott V. K. Dobbie, ASPR, VI, 1942. Asneth (al475): The Storie of Asneth, ed. H. Ν. MacCracken, JEGP 9(1910), 224-64. ASPR: The Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records, ed. George P. Krapp, 6 vols.. New York, 1931-42. Assembly (al500): The Assembly of Ladies in Skeat Chaucerian, 380-404. Assembly of Gods (al475): [John Lydgate], The Assembly of Gods, ed. Oscar L. Triggs, Chicago, 1895; EETS ES 69, 1896. Assmann: Bnmo Assmann, ed.. Angelsächsische Homilien und Heiligenleben, BAP 3, 1889. Athelston (al400): ed. A. Mcl. Trounce, EETS 224, 1951. Audelay (al450): The Poems of John Audelay, ed. Ella K. Whiting, EETS 184, 1931. Aüowynge (cl425): The Avowynge of King Arther in John Robson, Three Early English Metrical Romances, CS 18, 1842, 57-93. Awntyrs (al400): The Awntyrs off Arthure at the Teme Wathelyne in Amours, 116-71. Ayenbite (1340): Dan Michel's Ayenbite of Inwyt, ed. Richard Morris, EETS 23, 1866.

Banester Guiscardo (al475): Early English Versions of the Tales of Guiscardo and Ghismonda, ed. Herbert G. Wright, EETS 205, 1937, 2-37. Bannatyne (v.d.): The Bannatyne Manuscript, ed. W. Tod Ritchie, 4 vols., STS, 1928-34. BAP: Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Prosa, ed. С. W. M. Grein et al, 1872—. Barbour Bruce (cl375): The Bruce . . . Compiled by Master John Barbour, ed. W. W. Skeat, 2 vols., STS, 1894. Barclay Castell (1506): The Castell of Labour, translated from the French of Pierre Gringore by Alexander Barclay . . . with an Introduction by A. W. Pollard, RC 143, 1905. Barclay Eclogues (cl515): The Eclogues of Alexander Barclay, ed. Beatrice White, EETS 175, 1928. Barclay Mirrour (cl523): The Mirrour of Good Maners, reprinted from the edition of 1570, Spenser Society, 1885. Barclay St. George (1515): The Life of St. George, ed. William Nelson, EETS 230, 1955. Barclay Ship (1509): The Ship of Fools, ed. T. H. Jamieson, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1874. Barlam (1438): Barlaam und Josaphat, ed. С. Horstmann, Programm . . . des . . . Gymnasiums zu Sagan, Sagan, 1877.

Bibliographical

References

xxiv

Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) (1438): in Horstmann Altenglische Legenden 1875, 226-40. Barlam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) (al450); as above, 113-48. Barlam and Josaphat (Vernon) (1438): as above, 215-25. Bartholomaeus-Trevisa (al398[1495]): Barthohmeus de proprietatibus rerum, tr. John de Trevisa, W. de Wörde, 1495. Basterfeld (al500): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 367-8. Basyn (al500): The Tale of the Basyn in Hazlitt EPP, III, 44-53. Becket I (cl300): The Life and Martyrdom of Thomas Beket, ed. William H. Black, PS 19, 1845. Becket II (cl300): Die ME. Thomas Beket-legende des Ghucesterlegendars, ed. Hermann Thiemke, Palaestra 131, Berlin, 1919. Becket HI (al500): "The Legend of the Saracen Princess" in Paul A. Brown, The Development of the Legend of Thomas Becket, Philadelphia, 1930, 262-8. Bede (a900): The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, ed. Thomas Miller, Part I, EETS 95-6, 1890-91. Beowulf (c735): Beowulf and the Fi^t at Finnsburg, ed. Fr. Klaeber, 3d ed., Boston, 1936. Bemardus De cura (al500): Bemardus de cura rei famuliaris, ed. J. R. Lumby, EETS 42, 1870. Berners Arthur (al533): John Bourchier, Lord Berners, The History of the Valiant Knight, Arthur of Little Britain, ed. E. V. Utterson, London, 1814. Berners Castell (al533): The Castell of love, translated out of Spanyshe into Englysshe, by John Bowrchier, knyght, lorde Bernes, R. Wyer, London, cl552. Berners Froissart (1523 [vols. 1-3], 1525 [vols. 4-6]): The Chronicle of Froissart, Translated out of French by Sir John Bourchier, Lord Berners, Annis 1523-25, with an Introduction by W. P. Ker, 6 vols., Tudor Translations, London, 1901-3. Berners Golden Boke (1532): José M. Gálvez, Guevara in England, nebst Neudruck von Lord Berners' "Golden Boke of Marcus Aurelius," Palaestra 109, Berlin, 1916. Berners Huon (al533): The Boke of Duke Huon of Burdeux done into English by Sir John Bourchier, Lord Berners, ed. S. L. Lee, EETS ES 40, 41, 43, 50, 1882-7. PBemers Boke of St. Albans (1486): Dame Juliana Berners, The Boke of Saint Albans, with an Introduction by William Blades, London, 1899. Beryn (cl400): The Tale of Beryn, ed. F. J. Fumivall and W. G. Stone, Chaucer Society, 1887; EETS ES 105, 1909. Bestiary (al250): in Morris Old English Miscellany, 1-25. Betson Treatyse (cl500): Thomas Betson (PBetton), A ryght profytable treatyse, W. de Wörde, cl500; facsimile, Cambridge, 1905. Beves (cl300 [Auchinleck], al500 [M (Chetham)])·. The Romance of Sir Beves of Hamtoun, ed. Eugen Kolbing, EETS ES 46, 48, 65, 1885-94. Blickling Homüies (c970): ed. R. Morris, EETS 58, 63, 73, 1874-80. Body and Soul (cl330 [Auchinleck], cl300 [Laud], cl390 [Vemon], al450 [Digby]): The Desputisoun Bitwen the Bodi and the Soûle, ed. Wilhelm Linow, ЕВ 1, 1889. (Auchinleck is quoted without designation. Laud as L, Vemon as V, and Digby as D.) Body and Soul (Royal) (al450): A disputeson betwen the body and the sowie, ed. H. Vamhagen, Anglia 2(1878-9), 229-44.

XXV

Bibliographical

References

Böddeker: К. Böddeker, ed., Altenglische Dichtungen des MS. Harl. 2253, Berlin, 1878. Boke of Curtasye {Sloane) (al450): in Fumivall Babees Book, 299-327. Boke of Noblesse (cl451): ed. John G. Nichols, RC 77, 1860. Bokenham (1447): Osbem Bokenham, Legendys of Hooly Wummen, ed. Mary S. Serjeantson, EETS 206, 1938. Bokenham Mappula (al447): Mappula Angliae, ed. C. Horstmann, ESt 10(1887), 1-34. (Drawn from Higden's Polychronicon.) Bonaventura Meditations (al325): Meditation^ on the Supper of Our Lord, ed. J. M. Cowper, EETS 60, 1875. Вопит Est (al400); Вопит Est Confiten Damino in Qui Habitat, 51-92. Bowers Three Middle English Religious Poems: R. H. Bowers, ed.. Three Middle English Religious Poems, University of Florida Monographs, Humanities, 12, 1963. Bozon Contes (al400): Les Contes Moralisés de Nicole Bozon, ed. Lucy T. Smith and Paul Meyer, SATF, 1889. PBradshaw Radegunde (cl500): PHenry Bradshaw, The Lyfe of Saynt Radegunde, ed. F. Brittain, Cambridge, 1926. Bradshaw St Werburge (1513): Henry Bradshaw, The Life of Saint Werburge of Chester, ed. С. Horstmann, EETS 88, 1887. PBrampton Psalms (1414): А Paraphrase on the Seven Penitential Psalms in English Verse, Supposed to have been Written by Thomas Brampton, ed. W. H. Black, PS 5, 1842. Brinton Sermons (v.d.): The Sermons of Thomas Brinton, Bishop of Rochester (13731389), ed. Sister Mary A. Devlin, 2 vols., CS, 3d Series, 85-6, 1954. Brotanek: Rudolf Brotanek, ed.. Mittelenglische Dichtunge aus der Handschrift 432 des Trinity College in Dublin, Halle, 1940. Brown Lyrics XV: Carleton Brown, ed.. Religious Lyrics of the XVth Century, Oxford, 1939. Brown Lyrics XIV: Religious Lyrics of the XlVth Century, 2d ed. rev. G. V. Smithers, Oxford, 1952. Brovra Lyrics ΧΙΠ: English Lyrics of the XUIth Century, Oxford, 1932. Brown Register: A Register of Middle English Religious and Didactic Verse, 2 vols., Oxford, 1916-20. Brown-Robbins: Carleton Brown and Rossell H. Robbins, The Index of Middle English Verse, Index Society, New York, 1943. Brut (cl400 and v.d.): The Brut or the Chronicles of England, ed. Friedrich W. D. Brie, EETS 131, 136, 1906-8. Burgh Cato (al440): "Die Burghsche Cato-Paraphrase," ed. Max Förster, Archiv 115(1905), 298-323, 116(1906), 25-40. Burial and Resurrection (cl485): in Digby Plays, 171-226. CanUcum de Creatione (1375): ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 1(1877-8), 303-31. Capgrave Chronicle (al464): John Capgrave, The Chronicle of England, ed. Francis C. Hingeston, RS 1, 1858. Capgrave, Katharine (cl450): The Life of St. Katharine of Alexandria, ed. С. Horstmann and F. J. Furnivall, EETS 100, 1893. Capgrave Lives (cl450): Lives of St. Augustine and St. Gilbert, ed. J. J. Munro, EETS 140, 1910. Capgrave Solace (cl450): Ye Solace of Pilgrimes, ed. С. Α. Mills, London, 1911. Carl (al445): Sir Gawain and the Carl of Carlisle, ed. Auvo Kurvinen, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae В 71.2, Helsinki, 1951.

Bibliographical

References

xxvi

Carpenter's Tooh (al500): The Debate of the Carpenters Tools in Hazlitt EPF, I, 79-90. Castel of Love (cl390): in Vernon, I, 355-406. Castelford (al350): Thomas Castelford, Chronicle, ed. (in part) Frank Behre, Göteborgs Högskolas Ârsskrift 46.2, 1940. Castle (al450): The Castell of Perseverance in Macro Plays, 77-186. Catholicon Anglicum (1483): ed. S. J. H. Herrtage, EETS 75, 1881. Cato (Copenhagen) (al400); Distichs of Cato, Copenhagen Royal Library MS. Thott in-folio 306. (Printed in part by A. BrusendorflF in K. Malone and M. B. Ruud, Studies in English Philohgy: A Miscellany in Honor of Frederick Klaeber, Minneapolis, 1929, 320-39; but all quotations are taken from a photostat of the manuscript.) Cato (Rawlinson) (al475): "Eine nordenglische Cato-Version," ed. Max Förster, ESt 36(1906), 4-55, odd pages. Cato (Sidney) (cl450): as above, even pages. Cato (Vernon) (cl390): in Vemon, II, 553-609. Caxton Aesop (1484): The Fables of Aesop as first printed by William Caxton in 1484, ed. Joseph Jacobs, 2 vols., London, 1889. (The text is in vol. II.) Caxton Arte and Crafte (1490); A lityll treatise . . . of the arte and crafte to knowe well to dye, 1490. Caxton Aymon (cl489): The Right Plesaunt and Goodly Historie of the Foure Sonnes of Aymon, ed. Octavia Richardson, EETS ES 44-5, 1884-5. Caxton Blanchardyn (cl489): Blanchardyn and Eglantine, ed. Leon Kellner, EETS ES 58, 1890. Caxton Book of Good Manners (1487): Book of good maners (1487), Pynson, 1494. Caxton Cato (1483): [Distichs of] Cathon, 1483. Translation of a French prose version. Caxton Charles (1485): The Lyf of the Noble and Crysten Prynce, Charles the Grete, ed. S. J. H. Herrtage, EETS 36-7, 1881. Caxton Chesse (1474): Game and Playe of the Chesse, ed. William E. A. Axon, London, 1883. Caxton Chronicles (1480): Cronycles of Englands (1480), 1482. Caxton Curial (1484): The Curial made by maystere Alain Charretier, ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS ES 54, 1888. Caxton Curtesye (cl477): Book of Curtesye, ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS ES 3, 1868. Caxton Dialogues (cl483): Dialogues in French and English, ed. Henry Bradley, EETS ES 79, 1900. Caxton Doctrinal (1489): The Doctrinal of Sapyence, Westminster, 1489. Caxton Eneydos (1490): ed. W. T. Culley and F. J. Fumivall, EETS ES 57, 1890. Caxton Fayttes (1489): The Book of Fayttes of Armes and of Chyvalrye, ed. A. T. F. Byles, EETS 189, 1932(1937). Caxton Godeffroy (1481): Godeffroy of Boloyne, ed. Mary N. Colvin, EETS ES 64, 1893. Caxton Golden Legende (1483): The Golden Legende (1483), [W. de Wörde], 1493. Caxton Jason (cl477): The History of Jason, ed. John Munro, EETS ES I I I , 1913. Caxton Mirror (1481): Minour of the World, ed. Oliver H. Prior, EETS ES 110, 1913. Caxton Ordre of Chyvalry (1484): The Book of the Ordre of Chyvalry, ed. A. T. P. Byles, EETS 168, 1926. Caxton Ovyde (1480): Ovyde Hys Booke of Methamorphose, Books X-XV, ed. Stephen Gaselee and H. F. B. Brett-Smith, Oxford, 1924. Caxton Paris (1485): Paris and Vienne, ed. MacEdward Leach, EETS 234, 1957.

xxvü

Bibliographical

References

Caxton Recuyell (1471): The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye, ed. H. Oskar Sommer, 2 vols., London, 1894. Caxton Reynard (1481): The History of Reynard the Fox, ed. Edward Arber, English Scholar's Library 1, London, 1878. Caxton Royal Book (1484): The ryal book or a book for a kyng, 1484. Caxton St. Winifred (cl485): ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 3(1880), 295-313. Cely Papers (v.d.): ed. Henry E. Maiden, CS, 3d Series, 1, 1900. Charles of Orleans (cl440): The English Poems of Charles of Orleans, ed. Robert Steele, 2 vols., EETS 215, 220, 1941, 1946. Chastising (cl400): The Chastising of God's Children and the Treatise of Perfection of the Sons of God, ed. Joyce Bazire and Eric Colledge, Oxford, 1957. Chaucer: The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, ed. F. Ν. Robinson, 2d ed., Boston, 1957. (Page references in the following entries are to this edition.) Chaucer ABC (cl370): An A В C, 524-6. PChaucer Against Women Unconstant (cl370): 540. Chaucer Anel. (cl375): Anelida and Arcite, 304-8. Chaucer Astr. (1391): A Treatise on the Astrolabe, 545-63. Chaucer BD (1369): The Book of the Duchess, 267-79. Chaucer Boece (cl380): 320-84. Chaucer Bukton (cl396); Lenvoy de Chaucer a Bukton, 539. Chaucer CT (v.d.): The Canterbury Tales, 17-265. Chaucer Fortune (cl390): 535-6. Chaucer Gentilesse (cl380): 536. Chaucer HF (cl380): The House of Fame, 282-302. Chaucer Lady (cl370): A Complaint to his Lady, 528-9. Chaucer LGW (cl386[Prol. F], cl395[Prol. G]): The Legend of Good Women, 482-518. Chaucer Mars (cl385): The Complaint of Mars, 529-33. PChaucer Merciles Beaute (cl390): 542. Chaucer PF (cl380): The Parliament of Fowls, 310-8. Chaucer Pity (cl370): The Complaint unto Pity, 526-8. PChaucer Proverbs (cl390): 543. Chaucer Purse (1399): The Complaint of Chaucer to his Purse, 539-40. PChaucer Rom. A (al400): The Romaunt of the Rose, Fragment A, 565-81. Chaucer Rosemounde (cl380): To Rosemounde, 533. Chaucer Scogan (cl393): Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan, 538-9. Chaucer Stedfastnesse (cl390): Lak of Stedfastnesse, 537. Chaucer TC (cl385): Troilus and Criseyde, 389-479. Chaucer Truth (cl390): 536. Chauliac (al425): The Middle English Translation of Guy de Chauliac's Anatomy, ed. Björn Wallner, Lunds Universitets Ârsskrift, N.F., Avd. 1, 56.5, Lund, 1964. Chaunce (cl450): "The Chance of the Dice," ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, ESt 59(1925), 1-16. Chester Plays (al425): ed. H. Deimling and Dr. G. W. Matthews, EETS ES 62, 115, 1893, 1916. Chestre Launfal (al400): Thomas Chestre, Sir Launfal, ed. A. J. Bliss, London, 1960. Chevelere (al400): The Romance of the Chevelere Assigne, ed. Henry H. Gibbs, EETS ES 6, 1868. Child: Francis J. Child, ed.. The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, 5 vols., Boston, 1882-98. Child (al400): The Child of Bristowe in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 315-21.

Bibliographical References

xxviil

Chronicle (cl325): An Anonymous Short English Metrical Chronicle, ed. Ewald Zettl, EETS 196, 1935. Chronicle of London (cl443 and v.d.); A Chronicle of London from 1089 to 1483, [ed. Nicolas H. Nicolas and Edward Tyrrell], London, 1827. Chronicles of London (v.d.): ed. Charles L. Kingsford, Oxford, 1905. Claudian Stilicho (1445): "Eine mittelenglische Claudian-Übersetzung," ed. Ewald Flügel, Anglia 28(1905), 255-99. Cleanness (cl380): Purity, ed. Robert J. Menner, Yale Studies in English 61, New Haven, 1920. Cleansing (al400): The Cleansing of Man's Soul, ed. Charles L. Regan, unpublished Harvard dissertation, 1963. Cleges (cl400): Sir Cleges in McKnight, 38-59. Cloud (al400): The Cloud of Unknounng, ed. Phyllis Hodgson, EETS 218, 1944. Cock (cl500): Cock Lorell's Bote, ed. E. F. Rimbault, PS 9, 1843. Cockayne: T. Oswald Cockayne, ed., Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, 3 vols., RS, 1864-6. Colkelbie (al500): Colkelbie Sow in Bannatyne, IV, 279-308. Colyn Blowbol (al500): Colyn Blowbols Testament in Hazlitt EPF, I, 92-109. Complaint against Hope (cl450): ed. Kenneth G. Wilson, University of Michigan Contributions in Modem Philology 21, 1957. Consail and Teiching (cl450): The Consail and Teiching at the Vys Man Gaif his Sone in Girvan, 66-79. Consilia Isidori (cl400): in Yorkshire Writers, II, 367-74. Contemplacioun (cl480): The Contempladoun of Synnaris in The Asloan Manuscript, ed. W. A. Craigie, 2 vols., STS, 1923-5, II, 187-241. Conversion (cl485): The Conversion of St. Paul in Digby Plays, 27-52. Copland Apolyn (1510): Robert Copland, The Romance of Kynge Apollyn of Thyre, reproduced in facsimile by Edmund W. Ashbee, London, 1870. Copland Helyas (1512): The History of Helyas Knight of the Swan [with an introduction by Robert Hoe], Grolier Club, New York, 1901. Comeus (al500): Syre Comeus, ed. Hermann Hedenus, Erlangen, 1904. Court of Love (al500): in Skeat Chaucerian, 409-47. Court of Sapience (cl475); ed. Robert Spindler, Beiträge zur englischen Philologie 6, Leipzig, 1927. Coventry Plays (al500): Two Coventry Corpus Christi Plays, ed. Hardin Craig, EETS ES 87, 1902(1957). CS: Camden Society, Publications, London, 1838—. Cursor (al325 [C{otton Vesp.)], al400 [F{airfax), G(öttingen), T(rinity)]y. Cursor Mundi, ed. Richard Morris, 3 vols., EETS 57, 59, 62, 66, 68, 99, 101, 1874-93. (When the versions are in virtual agreement, С is quoted without designation.) Dame Sirith (al400): in McKnight, 1-20. Daw Tapias (1402): The Reply of Friar Daw Tapias in Wright Political Poems, II, 39-114. De Claris Mulieribus (cl450): Die mittelenglische Umdichtung von Boccaccios De Claris Mulieribus, ed. Gustav Schleich, Palaestra 144, Leipzig, 1924. De Clerico (cl325): De Clerico et Puella in Brown Lyrics ХШ, 152-4. De Miraculo Beate Marie (al440): in Horstmaim Legenden 1881, 503-4. Death and Life (al450): Death and Liffe, ed. Israel Gollancz, Select Early English Poems 5, London, 1930. Defence (1459): "A Defence of the Proscription of the Yorkists in 1459," ed. J. P. Gilson, English Historical Review 26(1911), 512-23.

xxix

Bibliographical

References

Defensor Liber (al050): Defensor's Liber Scintillarum, with an Interlinear AngloSaxon Version, ed. E. W. Rhodes, EETS 93, 1889. Degare (cl330): Sire Degarre, ed. Gustav Schleich, Heidelberg, 1929. Dégrevant (cl440 [Thornton], al500 [Cambridge])·. Sir Dégrevant, ed. Karl Luick, Wiener Beiträge гш englischen Philologie 47, 1917. Deonise (al400): Deonise Hid Divinité, ed. Phyllis Hodgson, EETS 231, 1955. Desert (al450): "The Desert of Religion," ed. Walter Hübner, Archiv 126(1911), 58-74. Destruction of Troy (al400): The Gest Hystoriale of the Destruction of Troy, ed. G. Α. Panton and David Donaldson, EETS 39, 56, 1869-74. Diets (1450 [Scrape], al460 [Helmingham])·. The Diets and Sayings of the Philosophers: The Translations made by Stephen Scrope, William Worcester and an Anonymous Translator, ed. Curt F. Biihler, EETS 211, 1941. (Quotations are from Scrope unless identified as from Helmingham.) Digby Plays: ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS ES 70, 1896. Disciplina Clericalis (al500): Peter Alphonse's Disciplina Clericalis, ed. W. H. Hulme, Western Reserve Studies 1.5, Cleveland, 1919. Discrecioun of Stirings (al400): A Pistle of Discrecioun of Stirings in Deonise, 62-77. Discrescyon of Spirites (al400): A Tretis of Discrescyon of Spirites in Deonise, 80-93. DOST: A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue from the Twelfth Century to the End of the Seventeenth, ed. Sir William A. Craigie, Chicago, 1931—. Douce MS. 52 (cl450): "Die mittelenglische Sprichwörtersammlung in Douce 52," ed. Max Förster, Festschrift zum ΧΠ. Allgemeinen Deutschen Neuphilologentage in München, Pfingsten 1906, Erlangen, 1906, 40-60. (In large part identical with Rylands MS. 364.) Douglas Aeneid (1513); Virgil's Aeneid, Translated into Scottish Verse by Gavin Douglas, ed. David F. C. Coldwell, 4 vols., STS, 1957-64. (Text is in vols. II, III, IV.) Douglas Palice (1501): The Palice of Honour in The Poetical Works of Gavin Douglas, ed. John Small, 4 vols., Edinburgh, 1874, I, 1-81. Drury (cl434): "John Drury and His English Writings," ed. Sanford B. Meech, Speculum 9(1934), 70-83. Dunbar (v.d.): The Poems of William Dunbar, ed. W. M. Mackenzie, Edinburgh, 1932. Durham Proverbs (cl025): The Durham Proverbs . . . from Durham Cathedral MS. B. Ш. 32, ed. О. Amgart, Lunds Universitets Ârsskrift, N.F., Avd. 1, 52.2, Lund, 1956. Dyboski: Roman Dyboski, ed., Songs, Carols, and other Miscellaneous Poems from the Balliol MS. 354, Richard Hill's Commonplace-Book, EETS ES 101, 1907. ЕВ: Erlanger Beiträge zur englischen Philologie, ed. H. Varnhagen, Erlanger, 1889-1904. Ecclesiastical Institutes (clOOO): in Benjamin Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes of England, 2 vols., London, 1840, II, 394-442. Edward of York Master (cl410): Edward, Second Duke of York, The Master of Game, ed. W. A. and F. BaiUie-Grohman, London, 1904. Edward the Confessor (cl350): The Middle English Verse Life of Edward the Confessor, ed. Grace E. Moore, Philadelphia, 1942. Edward the Confessor Prose I (cl450): as above, 75-106. Edward the Confessor Prose II (cl450): as above, 108-30. EETS: Early English Text Society, Original Series, 1864—. EETS ES: Early EngUsh Text Society, Extra Series, 1867-1920.

Bibliographical

References

xxx

Eger (al500): Eger and Grime, ed. James R. Caldwell, Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature 9, Cambridge, Mass., 1933. Eglamour (al400): Sir Eglamour, ed. Gustav Schleich, Palaestra 53, Berlin, 1906. Eight Goodly Questions (al500): in Poetical Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, ed. Robert Bell, 4 vols., London, 1880, IV, 421-3. XI Tains (alSOO): The XI Pains of Hell in Morris Old English Miscellany, 147-55. ELH: [A Journal of English Literary History], Baltimore, 1(1934)—. Elucidarium (cl400): Die mittelenglische Version des Elucidariums des Honorius Augustodunensis, ed. F. Schmitt, Burghausen a.s., 1909. Emaré (cl400): The Romance of Emaré, ed. Edith Rickert, EETS ES 99, 1906. English Chronicle (al471): An English Chronicle of the Reigns of Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI, ed. John S. Davies, CS 64, 1856. English Conquest (al500, al525 [Dublin]): The English Conquest of Ireland, ed. F. J. Furnivall, EETS 107, 1896. Epistle of Othea (cl450): The Epistle of Othea to Hector, ed. James D. Gordon, Philadelphia, 1942. Erthe (al325): The Middle English Poem, Erthe upon Erthe, Printed from Twenty-four Manuscripts, ed. Hilda M. R. Murray, EETS 141, 1911. ESt: Englische Studien, Heilbronn, Leipzig, 1(1877)-76(1944). Evangelie (cl300): "The Middle English Evangelie," ed. Gertrude H. Campbell, PMLA 30(1915), 529-613. Everyman (cl500): ed. W. W. Greg, Materialien zur Kunde des älteren englischen Dramas 24, Louvain, 1909. Exeter Book: ed. George P. Krapp and E. V. K. Dobbie, ASPR, III, 1936. Eye and Heart (al500): ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, Anglia 34(1911), 235-65. Fabyan (cl500): Robert Fabyan, The New Chronicles of England and France (1516), ed. Henry Ellis, London, 1811. Femina (cl400): ed. William A. Wright, RC 152, 1909. Ferumbras (cl380): Sir Ferumbras, ed. S. J. Herrtage, EETS ES 34, 1879. Firumbras (al400): Firumbras and Otuel and Roland, ed. Mary I. O'Sullivan, EETS 198, 1935. Fisher English Works (v.d.): The English Works of John Fisher, ed. John E. B. Mayor, EETS ES 27, 1876. Fisher Henry VII (1509): Sermon . . . the body beynge present of . . . Henry the .vij., as above, 268-88. Fisher Treatyse (1509): Treatyse concemynge the fruytful saynges of Davyd the kynge, as above, 1-267. Fisher Wayes (al535): The Wayes to perfect Religion, as above, 364-428. Fitzjames Sermo (1495): Richard Fitzjames, Sermo die lune in ebdomada Pasche, facsimile, Cambridge, 1907. Five Dogs of London (1456): in Robbins Historical Poems, 189-90. Flemish Insurrection (al325): "Song on the Flemish Insurrection" in Böddeker, 116-21.

Florence (cl400): Le Bone Florence of Rome, ed. Wilhelm Vietor, Marburg, 1893. Floris (Auchinleck) (cl330): Floris and Blanchefiour, ed. A. B. Taylor, Oxford, 1927. Floris (cl250 [Cambridge], al300 [Cotton Vitellius], al400 [Trentham]): King Horn, Floriz and Blauncheflur, The Assumption of our Lady, first ed. (1866) J. R. Lumby, re-ed. G. H. McKnight, EETS 14, 1901, 71-110. Foly of Fulys (cl450): The Foly of Fulys and the Thewis of Wysmen in Girvan, 52-65. Forme of Cury (al399): ed. Samuel Pegge, London, 1780.

xxxi

Bibliographical

References

Fortescue Dialogue (al475): Dialogue Between Understanding and Faith in The Works of Sir John Fortescue, ed. Thomas (Fortescue), Lord Clermont, 2 vols., London, 1869, I, 483-90. Fortune alas alas (al500): "A litell Tretys by wey of compleint ageins ffortune," ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, Anglia 32(1909), 481-90. Foundation of St. Bartholomew's (cl425): The Book of the Foundation of St. Bartholomew's Church in London, ed. Norman Moore, EETS 163, 1923. Fraternity (al500): "A Fraternity of Drinkers," ed. A. C. Baugh in Philologica: The Mahne Anniversary Studies, Baltimore, 1949, 200-7. French and Hale: Walter H. French and C. B. Hale, edd.. Middle English Metrical Romances, New York, 1930. Furnivall Babees Book: F. J. Furnivall, ed.. The Babees Book, etc., EETS 32, 1868(1894). Furnivall Early English Poems (v.d.): Early English Poems and Lives of Saints, Philological Society, Berhn, 1862. Furnivall Hymns (v.d.): Hymns to the Virgin and Christ, EETS 24, 1867. Fyftene Joyes (1509): The fyftene Joyes of maryage, W. de Wörde, 1509. Fyrst thou sal (cl450): "Me. Disticha (aus Hs. Add. 37049)," ed. Karl Brunner, Archiv 159(1931), 86-92. (In part identical with Proverbia of Wysdom.) Gamelyn (cl350): The Tale of Gamelyn in The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, ed. W. W. Skeat, 7 vols., Oxford, 1894-7, IV, 645-67. Gast of Gy (al400): ed. Gustav Schleich, Palaestra 1, Berlin, 1898. Generydes A (al450): A Royal Historie of the Excellent Knight Generides, ed. F. J. Furnivall, RC 85, 1865. Generydes В (al450): Generydes, A Romance in Seven-line Stanzas, ed. W. A. Wright, EETS 55, 70, 1873-8. Genesis and Exodus (cl250): The Story of Genesis and Exodus, ed. Richard Morris, EETS 7, 1865. Gesta (al450): The Early English Versions of the Gesta Romanorum, ed. S. J. H. Herrtage, EETS ES 33, 1879(1962). Giraldus Opera: Giraldi Cambrensis Opera, ed. J. S. Brewer et al, RS, 8 vols., 1861-91. Girvan: R. Girvan, ed., Ratis Raving and Other Early Scots Poems on Morals, STS, 1939. God man and the devel (cl390): A dispitison bitwene a god man and the devel in Vernon, I, 329-54. God of hefne that sittest (al450): "A Sermon on the Lord's Prayer," ed. Frank A. Patterson, JEGP 15(1916), 406-18. God that all this world (al422): in Chronicle of London, 216-33. Golagros (cl475): The Knightly Tale of Golagros and Gawane in Amours, 1-46. Good Wife (cl350 [E], cl425 [H], cl450 [L], al500 [A, ?N (printed 1597)], cl500 [T])·. The Good Wife Taught her Daughter in Mustanoja, 158-72, 197-221. Good Wyfe Wold (al475): The Good Wyfe Wold a Pylgremage in Mustanoja, 173-5. Governance of Lordschipes (al425); in Steele Secreta Secretorum, 41-118. Govemayle (1489): (A) tretyse that is cleped Govemayle of helthe, Caxton, 1489; facsimile by W. Blades, 1858. Gower CA (al393): John Gower, Confessio Amantis in The Complete Works of John Gower, ed. G. С. Macaulay, 4 vols., Oxford, 1899-1902, vols. II, III. Gower Peace (cl400): To King Henry the Fourth, In Praise of Peace, as above. III, 481-92. Gowther (cl400): Sir Gowther, ed. Karl Breul, Oppeln, 1886.

Bibliographical

References

χχχϋ

Greene Carols: Richard L. Greene, ed, The Early English Carols, Oxford, 1935. (Citations are to Greene's numbers and stanzas, except for the Appendix, to which page references are given.) Gregorius (cl330 [Auchinleck], cl350 [C{leopatra)], cl390 [Vernon], al500 [R{awlinson)]): Die mittelenglische Gregorius-legende, ed. Carl Keller, Heidelberg, 1914. (Ordinarily Vernon is quoted without designation.) Gregory Chronicle (cl475); Wilham Gregory, Chronicle of London in The Historical Collections of a Citizen of London, ed. James Gairdner, CS, N.S. 17, 1876, 57-239. Grene Knight (al500): in Percy Folio Manuscript, II, 56-77. Grete ferly (al400): "Of tho flode of tho world," in Yorkshire Writers, II, 67-70. Guiscardo (el485): in Banester Guiscardo, 38-98. Guy^ (cl300 [Advocates], cl475 [Caius]): The Romance of Guy of Warwick, ed. Julius Zupitza, EETS ES 42, 49, 59, 1883-91. (When A and С do not difFer, A is quoted without designation.) Guy^ (al475): The Romance of Guy of Warwick: The Second or 15th-century Version, ed. Julius Zupitza, EETS ES 25-6, 1875-6. Guy^ (al400); A fragment of Guy of Warwick {BM Shane MS. 1044), ed. Julius Zupitza, Sitzungsberichte der phil.-hist. Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna) 74(1873), 623-9. Guy* (al500): Guy of Warwick, nach Coplands Druck, ed. Gustav Schleich, Palaestra 139, Leipzig, 1923. Guy^ (al400): A fragment of Guy of Warwick {BM Additional MS. 14408) in W. B. D. D. Timibull, ed., The Romances of Guy of Warwick and Rembrun his Son, Abbotsford Club 18, Edinburgh, 1840, xxviii-xlii. Guylforde Tylgrymage (1506): The Pylgrymage of Sir Richard Guylforde to the Holy Land, A.D. 1506, ed. Henry Ellis, CS 51, 1851. Hali Meidenhad (cI200): ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS 18 (revised), 1922. Halliwell Early English Miscellanies: J. O. Halliwell, ed.. Early English Miscellanies in Prose and Verse, Warton Club 2, London, 1855. Halliwell Selection: J. O. Halliwell, ed., A Selection from the Minor Poems of Dan John Lydgate, PS 2, 1840. Hardyng (1464): The Chronicle of John Hardyng, ed. Henry Ellis, London, 1812. HarUy MS. 3362 (cl470): BM Harley MS. 3362, ff. 2a-5a, 7b, 9a, 17a, 18a. English and Latin proverbs, printed (in part) in Retrospective Review, 2(1854), 309, and (in part) by Max Förster in Anglia 42(1918), 199-203. (Where there is no reference to a printed source the quotations are from a photostat of the MS.) Havelok (cl300): The Lay of Havelok the Dane, ed. W. W. Skeat, 2d ed. rev. K. Sisam, Oxford, 1939(1915). Hawes Comforte (1511): Stephen Hawes, The comforte of lovers, W. de Wörde, ?1515. Hawes Convercyon (1509): The convercyon of swerers, W. de Wörde, 1509. Hawes Example (1504): The Example of vertu, W. de Wörde, [?1509]. Hawes Pastime (1506): The Pastime of Pleasure, ed. W. E. Mead, EETS 173, 1928. Hay Alexander (cl450): The Taymouth Castle Manuscript of Sir Gilbert Hay's "Buik of King Alexander the Conquerour, " ed. Albert Herrmann, Wissenschaftliche Beilage zimi Jahresbericht der Zwölften Städtischen Realschule zu Berlin, Programm 128, Berlin, 1898. Hay Govemaunce (1456): Sir Gilbert Hay, The Buke of the Govemaunce of Princis in Hay Prose Manuscript, II, 71-165.

xxxüi

Bibliographical

References

Hay Knychthede (1456): The Buke of the Order of Knychthede in Hay Prose Manuscript, II, 1-70. Hay Law (1456): The Buke of the Law of Armys in Hay Prose Manuscript, 1. Hay Prose Manuscript: Gilbert of the Haye's Prose Manuscript {A.D. 1456), ed. J. H. Stevenson, 2 vols., STS, 1901-14. Hazlitt EPP: W. Carew Hazlitt, ed., Remains of the Early Papular Poetry of England, 4 vols.. Library of Old Authors, London, 1864-6. Hendyng С (al325); "Zu den Sprichwörtern Hending's" {Cambridge Univ. Libr., Gg.Ll), ed. H. Varnhagen, Anglia 4(1881), 182-91. Hendyng H (cl325): {Harley 2253) in Böddeker, 287-300. Hendyng О (cl250): {Oxford Bodl, Digby 86), ed. Varnhagen, as above, 191-200. Henley Husbandry (al300): Walter of Henley's Husbandry, ed. Elizabeth Lamond, London, 1890. Henryson (cl475): The Poems and Fables of Robert Henryson, ed. H. H. Wood, 2d ed., Edinburgh, 1958. Hermit (al375): "The Eremyte and the Outelawe," ed. Max Kaluza, ESt 14(1890), 165-82. Heuser: W. Heuser, ed., Die Kildare-Gedichte: Die ältesten mittelenglischen Denkmäler in anglo-irischer Überlieferung, Bonner Beiträge zur Anglistik 14, 1904. Heywood BS (v.d.): John Heywood, Ballads and Songs in Heywood Works, 250-74. Heywood D (1546, 1549): A dialogue conteynyng the number of the effectuall proverbes in the Englishe tounge in Heywood Works, 18-101. Heywood E (1555, 1556, 1560, 1562): Epigrammes in Heywood Works, 104-248. Heywood Four PP (cl545): The playe called the foure PP, W. Myddylton, cl545. PHeywood Gentylnes (cl525): K. W. Cameron, Authorship and Sources of "Gentleness and Nobility," Raleigh, N.C., 1941, 93-128. Heywood Johan (1533): A Mery play betwene Johan Johan the husbande, Tyb his wyfe, and syr Johan the preest, W. Rastell, 1533. Heywood Love (1534): A Play of Love, W. Rastell, 1534. Heywood Pardoner (1533): A Mery play betwene the pardoner and the frere, the curate and neybour Pratte, W. Rastell, 1533. Heywood Spider (1556): The Spider and the Flie, ed. A. W. Ward, Spenser Society, N.s. 6, 1894. Heywood Weather (1533): The Play of the Wether, W. Rastell, 1533. Heywood Wit (cl525): A Dialogue on Wit and Folly, ed. F. W. Fairholt, PS 20, 1846. Heywood Works: John Heywood, Works (1562) and Miscellaneous Short Poems, ed. Burton A. Milligan, lUinois Studies in Language and Literature 41, 1956. Hichecoke This Worlde (al500): "Hichecoke's This worlde is but a vanyte," ed. R. H. Bowers, MLN 67(1952), 331-3. Higden-Trevisa (al387): Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden Monachi Cestrensis; together with the English Translations of John Treviso and of an ипкгюит Writer of the Fifteenth Century, ed. С. Babington and J. R. Lumby, 9 vols., RS, 1865-86. Higden-Anon. (al425): as above. (The anonymous translation is quoted or cited only when there is some significant variation from Trevisa.) Hill (al500): Proverbs from Richard Hill's Commonplace-Book, in Balliol MS. 354, in Dyboski, 128-41. Hilton Scale (1395[1494]): Walter Hilton, Scala perfecconis, W. de Wörde, 1494. Hoccleve: Thomas Hoccleve, Works, ed. F. J. Furnivall (I, III) and Israel Gollancz (II), EETS ES 61, 72, 73, 1892, 1897, 1925 (for 1897). (Page references in the following entries are to this edition.)

Bibliographical

References

xxxiv

Hoccleve Compleint (cl422): I, 95-110. PHoccleve De Guilleville Poems (1413): III, xxiii-lxii. Hoccleve Dialog (cl422): Diahgus cum Amico, I, 110-39. Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife (cl422): I, 140-78. Hoccleve Jonathas (cl425): I, 215-42. Hoccleve Leme to Die (cl422): How to Leme to Die, I, 178-215. Hoccleve Letter of Cupid (1402): I, 72-91. Hoccleve Male Regie (1406): La Male Regie, I, 25-39. Hoccleve Regement (cl412): The Regement of Princes, III, 1-197. Holland Howlat (cl450): Richard Holland, The Buke of the Howlat in Amours, 47-81. Horman Vulgaria (1519): William Horman, Vulgaria, ed. M. R. James, RC 184, 1926. Horn (cl225): King Нот, ed. Joseph Hall, Oxford, 1901. Horn Childe (cl330): as above, 179-92. Horstmann Altenglische Legenden 1875 (v.d.): Carl Horstmann, ed.. Altenglische Legenden, Paderborn, 1875. Horstmann Legenden 1881 (v.d.): Altenglische Legenden: Neue Folge, Heilbronn, 1881. Horstmarm Sammlung (v.d.): Sammlung altenglischer Legenden, Heilbronn, 1878. How a Merchant (cl475): How a Merchande dyd hys wyfe betray, ed. E. Kolbing, ESt 7(1884), 118-25. How the Wyse Man (cl450 [Lamb.], al500 [Camb., Harl.])·. How the Wyse Man Taught hys Sone, ed. Rudolph Fischer, EB 2, 1889. How to Hear Mass (al400): in Vernon, II, 493-511. Hunterian Mus. MS. 230 (al500): in John Young and P. H. Aitken, A Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Library of the Hunterian Museum in the University of Glasgow, Glasgow, 1908, 174-5. Hunting of the Hare (al500): The Hunttyng of the Hare in Henry Weber, ed.. Metrical Romances of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Centuries, 3 vols., Edinburgh, 1810, III, 279-90. I Repent (cl325): I Repent of Blaming Women in Brovra Lyrics XUI, 141-3. Idley (cl450): Peter Idley's Instructions to his Son, ed. Charlotte D'Evelyn, Modem Language Association, Monograph Series 6, Boston, 1935. (Book ii [pp. 109 £F.] draws upon R. Mannyng's Handlyng Synne.) Imitatione (1) (al500): The Earliest English TranslaHon of the First Three Books of the De Imitatione Christi, ed. John К. Ingram, EETS ES 63, 1893, 1-150. Imitation (2) (1502): William Atkynson's Translation of the First Three Books of the De Imitatione Christi, as above, 153-258. Instructions for Christians (cllOO): "Instructions for Christians, A Poem in Old English," ed. James L. Rosier, Anglia 82(1964), 4-22. Inter Diabolus et Virgo (al500): in F. J. Fumivall, "Three Middle English Poems," ESt 23(1896-7), 444-5. Interludium de clerico et puella (al300): in McKnight, 21-4. Ipomadon A (al400): A Good Tale of Ipomadon in Ipomedon in drei englischen Bearbeitungen, ed. Eugen Kolbing, Breslau, 1889, 3-253. Ipomadon В (al425): The Lyfe of Ipomydon, as above, 257-319. Ipomadon С (cl460): The Prose Ipomedon, as above, 323-58. Irlande Meroure (1490): Johannes de Irlandia, The Meroure of Wyssdome, ed. Charles Macpherson and F. Quinn, 2 vols., STS, 1926, 1965. Isumbras (al350): Sir Ysumbras, ed. Gustav Schleich, Palaestra 15, Berlin, 1901. Ives: D. V. Ives, "The Proverbs in the Ancren Riwle," MLR 29(1934), 257-66. Jacob and Joseph (al300): lacob and losep, ed. Arthur S. Napier, Oxford, 1916.

XXXV

Bibliographical

References

Jacob's Well (cl450): ed. Arthur Brandeis, EETS 115, 1900. (Part I only, which prints less than half the text.) Jak and his Stepdame (al500): ed. J. Zupitza, Archiv 90(1893), 57-82. Janson: Horst W. Janson, Apes and Ape Lore in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, London, 1952. Jeaste (al500): The Jeaste of Syr Gawayne in Syr Gawayne, ed. Frederic Madden, Bannatyne Club 61, London, 1839, 206-23. JEGP: Journal of English and Germanic Philology (vols. 1-4 appeared as Journal of Germanic Philology), Urbana, III, 1(1897)—. Jente: Richard Jente, ed., Proverbia Communia, Indiana University Publications, Folklore Series, 4, Bloomington, 1947. John the Reeve (al461): in Percy Folio Manuscript, II, 550-94. Joseph (cl350): Joseph of Arimathie, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS 44, 1871. Julian Révélations (al400): Revelations of Divine Love Shewed to . . . Julian of Norwich, ed. (and modernized) Roger Hudleston, London, 1927. Junius MS (v.d.): The Junius Manuscript, ed. George P. Krapp, ASPR, I, 1931. Kail (v.d.): J. Kail, ed., Twenty-Six Political and other Poems {including "Petty Job'), EETS 124, 1904. Kalender (1506): The Kalender of Shepherdes, ed. H. Oskar Sommer, London, 1892. Kay Siege (cl483): John Kay (Caius), The Siege of Rhodes [London, PLettou and Machlinia, с1483]. Kempe (al438): The Book of Margery Кетре, ed. Sanford В. Meech and Hope E. Allen, EETS 212, 1940. Kennedy (al500): The Poems of Walter Kennedy, ed. J. Schipper, Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, phil-hist. Classe, 48, Vienna, 1902. Ker Catalogue: Ν. R. Ker, Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon, Oxford, 1957. King Edward (al400): King Edward and the Shepherd in French and Hale, 949-85. King Hart (cl500): in The Poetical Works of Gavin Douglas, ed. John Small, 4 vols., Edinburgh, 1874, I, 85-120. Kingis Quair (al437): ed. W. M. Mackenzie, London, 1939. Kneuer: Karl Kneuer, ed., Die Sprichwörter Hendyngs, Weilheim, 1901. Knight of Curtesy (al500): The Knight of Curtesy and the Fair Lady of Faguell, ed. Elizabeth McCausland, Smith College Studies in Modern Languages 4.1, 1922. Knighton (v.d.): Chronicon Henrici Knighton, ed. Joseph R. Lumby, 2 vols., RS, 1889-95. Knyghthode and Bataile (cl458): ed. R. Dyboski and Z. M. Arend, EETS 201, 1936. La Tour-Landry (cl450): The Book of the Knight of La Tour-Landry, ed. Thomas Wright, EETS 33, rev. ed., 1906. Ladder (cl450): A Ladder of Foure Ronges in Deonise, 100-17. Lady Bessy (cl500): The Most Pleasant Song of Lady Bessy, ed. J. O. Halliwell, PS 20, 1847. Lambeth Homilies (al225): in Richard Morris, Old English Homilies . . . First Series, EETS 29, 34, 1867-8, 3-159. Lambeth Prose Legends (al500): Prose Legends from Lambeth MS. 432, ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 3(1880), 320-60. Lambewell (al500): Sir Lambewell in Percy Folio Manuscript, I, 142-64. Lamentation of Mary Magdalene (cl475): in Poetical Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, ed. Robert Bell, 4 vols., London, 1880, IV, 395-415. Lamwell (al500): Sir Lamwell in Percy Folio Manuscript, I, 521-35.

Bibliographical

References

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Lancelot (cl500): Lancelot of the Laik, ed. Margaret M. Gray, STS, 1912. Landavall (al475): in Chestre Launfal, 105-28. Lanfranc (al400): Lanfrank's "Science of Cirurgie," ed. Robert v. Fleischhacker, EETS 102, 1894. Lanterne (al415): The Lanterne of Light, ed. Lilian M. Swinburn, EETS 151, 1917. Lapidaries (v.d.): English Mediaeval Lapidaries, ed. Joan Evans and Mary S. Serjeantson, EETS 190, 1933. Laud Troy (cl400): The Laud Troy Book, ed. J. Ernst Wülfing, EETS 121-2, 1902-3. Lavynham (al400): Richard Lavynham, A Litil Tretys on the Seven Deadly Sins, ed. J. P. W. M. van Zutphen, Rome, 1956. Lawman (al200 [A: Caligula], cl300 [B: Otho]): La^amons Brut, ed. Frederic Madden, 3 vols., London, 1847. (When the manuscripts are in virtual agreement, or when В is wanting, A is quoted without designation.) Lay Folks' Catechism (cl400): ed. T. F. Simmons and H. E. Nolloth, EETS 118, 1901. Lay of Sorrow (al500); "The Lay of Sorrow and The Lufaris Complaynt," ed. Kenneth G. Wilson, Speculum 29(1954), 716-9. Le Morte Α. (al400); Le Morte Arthur, ed. J. Douglas Bruce, EETS ES 88, 1903. Lean: Vincent S. Lean, Lean's Collectanea, 4 vols, in 5, Bristol, 1902-4. Leconfield Proverbs (al500): "Die Proverbs von Lekenfield und Wresil (Yorks)," ed. Ewald Flügel, Anglia 14(1891-2), 471-97. Leechbook (cl450): A Leechbook or Collection of Medical Recipes of the Fifteenth Century, ed. Warren R. Dawson, London, 1934. Legat Sermon (c1400-25): Hugo Legat's Sermon in Three Middle English Sermons, 1-21.

Legend of Mary (al330): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 499-502. Leversege (1465): "The Vision of Edmunde Leversegge," Notes and Queries for Somerset and Dorset 9(1905), 22-35. Libeaus (cl350): Libeaus Desconus, ed. Max Kaluza, AB 5, Leipzig, 1890. Libelle (1436): The Libelle of Englyshe Polycye, ed. George Warner, London, 1926. Liber Cure Cocorum (al475): ed. Richard Morris, Philological Society, Berlin, 1862. Lichfield Complaint (al447): "The Complaint of God to Sinful Man and the Answer of Man, by William Lichfield," ed. Edv. Borgström, Anglia 34(1911), 498-525. Liebermann: F. Liebermann, Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 3 vols., Halle, 18981916. Lither lok Sermon (al300): in C. Brown, "Texts and the Man," Bulletin of the Modem Humanities Research Association 2(1928), 104-5. Lord that is (al450): in Legends of the Holy Rood, ed. Richard Morris, EETS 46, 1871, 210-21. Love Mirrour (al400): Nicholas Love, The Mirrour of the Blessed Lyf of Jesu Christ, ed. Lawrence F. Powell, Oxford, 1908. Lovelich Grail (cl410): Henry Lovelich, The History of the Holy Grail, ed. F. J. Furnivall, EETS ES 20, 24, 28, 30, 95, 1874-1905. Lovelich Merlin (cl410): Merlin, ed. Ernst A. Kock, EETS ES 93, 112, 185, 1904-32. Loveliest Lady (cl325): The Loveliest Lady in Land in Brown Lyrics ХШ, 148-50. Lovely Song of Wisdom (al500): "Cantus cuiusdam sapientis: A lovely song of wisdom," ed. Karl Brunner, Archiv 164(1933), 192-9. (Identical in part with Proverbs of Salomon.) Lover's Mass (cl450): ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, JEGP 7(1908), 95-104. Ludus Coventriae (al475): Ludm Coventriae or the Plaie called Coψus Christi, ed. К. S. Block, EETS ES 120, 1922. Lufaris Complaynt (al500): in Lay of Sorrow, 719-23.

xxxvü

Bibliographical

References

Lumby Bemardus de Cura (al500): J. R. Lumby, ed., Bernardus de cura rei famuliaris, with some Early Scottish Prophecies, etc., EETS 42, 1870. Lumby Ratis Raving: J. R. Lumby, ed, Ratis Raving and other Moral and Religious Pieces, EETS 43, 1870. PLydgate Compleynt (cl430): in Lydgate Temple, 59-67. Lydgate Dance (cl430): The Dance of Death, ed. Florence Warren and Beatrice White, EETS 181, 1931. Lydgate Fall (al439): Fall of Princes, ed. Henry Bergen, EETS ES 121-4, 1924-7. Lydgate Life (al422): Life of Our Lady, ed. Joseph A. Lauritis, R. A. Klinefelter, V. F. Gallagher, Duquesne Studies, Philological Series, 2, Pittsburgh, 1961. Lydgate Miracles of St. Edmund (cl445): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 440-5. Lydgate MP (v.d.): The Minor Poems of John Lydgate, ed. Henry N. MacCracken, EETS ES 107, 192, 1911, 1934. Lydgate Pilgrimage (al430): The Pilgrimage of the Life of Man, ed. F. J. Furnivall and K. B. Locock, EETS ES 77, 83, 92, 1899-1904. Lydgate Reson (cl408): Reson and Sensuallyte, ed. Ernst Sieper, EETS ES 84, 89, 1901-3. Lydgate St. Albon (1439); S. Alban und Amphabel, ed. С. Horstmann in Festschrift zu dem fünfzigjährigen Jubiläum der Königstädtischen Realschule, Berlin, 1882, 103-95. Lydgate St. Edmund (cl433): St. Edmund and St. Fremund in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 376-440. Lydgate St. Giles (al449): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 371-5. Lydgate Serpent (1422): The Serpent of Division, ed. H. MacCracken, London, 1911. Lydgate Temple (1420): Temple of Glas, ed. J. Schick, EETS ES 60, 1891. Lydgate Thebes (cl421): Siege of Thebes, ed. Axel Erdmann and Ellert Ekwall, EETS ES 108, 125, 1911, 1930. Lydgate Troy (al420): Troy Book, ed. Henry Bergen, EETS ES 97, 103, 106, 126, 1906-35. Lydgate and Benedict Burgh Secrees (al449): Secrees of old Philisoffres, ed. Robert Steele, EETS ES 66, 1894. (Burgh's part professedly begins with line 1492.) Lyfe of Joseph (cl502): The Lyfe of Joseph of Armathia in Joseph, 37-52. Lyfe of Roberte (cl500): The Lyfe of Roberte the Devyll in Hazlitt EPP, 1, 217-63. Macer (al450): A Middle English Translation of Macer Floridus de Viribus Herbarum, ed. Gösta Frisk, Essays and Studies on English Language and Literature 3, Upsala, 1949. McKnight: George H. McKnight, ed., Middle English Humorous Tales in Verse, Boston, 1913. Macro Plays: ed. F. J. Furnivall and A. W. Pollard, EETS ES 91, 1904. Malory (al470): The Works of Sir Thomas Malory, ed. Eugène Vinaver, 3 vols., Oxford, 1947. Man have mynd (al500): in Pieces from the Makculloch and the Gray MSS., ed. George Stevenson, STS, 1918, 54-6. Mandeville Travels (cl400): ed. P. Hamelius, EETS 153, 1919. Mandeville {Egertori} (al425): The Buke of John Maundevill from the . . . Egerton MS. 1982 in the British Museum, ed. George F. Warner, RG 119, 1889. Mankind (cl475): in Macro Plays, 1-34. Manly-Rickert: John M. Manly and Edith Rickert, edd., The Text of the Canterbury Tales, 8 vols., Chicago, 1940. Mannyng Chronicle A (al338): The Story of England by Robert Manning of Brunne, ed. F. J. Furnivall, RS, 2 vols., 1887.

Bibliographical

References

xxxviii

Mannyng Chronicle В (al338): Peter Langtoft's Chronicle (as illustrated and improv'd by Robert of Brunne), ed. Thomas Heame, 2 vols., Oxford, 1725; reprinted in The Works of Thomas Heame, III, IV, London, 1810. Mannyng Handlyng (cl303): Robert of Brunne's Handlyng Synne, ed. F. J. Furnivall, EETS 119, 123, 1901-3. Marriage (aI500): The Marriage of Sir Gawaine in Percy Folio Manuscript, I, 103-18. Mary and the Cross (cI390): Disputation between Mary and the Cross in Vernon, II, 612-26.

Mary Magdalene (Digby) (cl485): in Digby Plays, 55-136. Maximian (al300): Le Regret de Maximian in Brown Lyrics XIII, 92-100. Mayden, Modur, and comely Qween (cl390): in Vernon, I, 121-31. MED: Middle English Dictionary, ed. H. Kurath and S. M. Kuhn, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1952—. Meditations (al400): Meditations on the Life and Passion of Christ, ed. Charlotte D'Evelyn, EETS 158, 1921. Medwall Fulgens (cl497): Henry Medwall, Fulgens and Lucres, ed. Seymour de Ricci, Henry E. Huntington Facsimile Reprints 1, New York, 1920. Medwall Nature (al500): Tudor Facsimile Texts, 1908. Medytacyons of saynt Bemarde (1495): W. de Wörde, 1496. Meidan Maregrete (al300): in Horstmarm Legenden 1881, 489-98. Melayne (al400): The Sege off Melayne and The Rorrmnce of Duke Rowlande and Sir Otuell of Spayne, ed. Sidney J. Herrtage, EETS ES 35, 1880. Melusine (cl500): ed. Α. К. Donald, EETS ES 68, 1895. Mergarete (al475): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 236-41. Merita Missae (al500); in Lay Folks Mass Book, ed. Thomas F. Simmons, EETS 71, 1879, 148-54. Merlin (cl450); Merlin or the Early History of King Arthur, ed. Henry B. Wheatley, EETS 10, 21, 36, 112, 1865-99. Metham (1449); Amoryus and Cleopes in The Works of John Metham, ed. Hardin Craig, EETS 132, 1916. Metrical Paraphrase ОТ (al425): A Middle English Metrical Paraphrase of the Old Testament, lines 1-6000, ed. Herbert Kalén, Göteborgs Högskolas Ârsskrift 28.5, 1923; П. 6001-9624, ed. Urban Ohlander, Gothenburg Studies in English 5, Stockholm, 1955; 11. 9625-14088, as above, И , 1961; 11. 14089-18372 (end), as above, 16, 1963. Middle English Sermons (cl415): Middle English Sermons . . . from British Museum MS. Royal 18 B. xxiii, ed. Woodbum O. Ross, EETS 209, 1940. Miller of Abington (al500): A Mery Jest of the Mylner of Abyngton in Hazlitt EPP, III, 98-118. Minot (al352): The Poems of Laurence Minot, ed. Joseph Hall, 3d ed., Oxford, 1914. Miracles of Our Lady (cl390): in Vernon, I, 138-67. Mirk Festial (al415): Mirk's Festial: A Collection of Homilies by Johannes Mirkus, ed. Theodor Erbe, EETS ES 96, 1905. Mirk Instructions (al425): Instructions for Parish Priests, ed. Edward Peacock, EETS 31, 1868, rev. ed., 1902. Miróme of Mans Salvacionne (al500): ed. A. H. Huth, RC 118, 1888. Misyn Fire (1435): Richard Misyn, The Fire of Love and the Mending of Life . . . Englisht from . . . Richard Rolle, ed. Ralph Harvey, EETS 106, 1896, 1-104. Misyn Mending (1434): as above, 105-31. MLN: Modem Language Notes, Baltimore, 1(1886)—. MLR: Modem Language Review, Cambridge, 1(1905)—.

xxxix

Bibliographical

References

Moder of gresse (al400): Robert M. Garrett, "Middle English Rimed Medical Treatise," Anglia 34(1911), 163-93. Monk of Evesham (cl485): The Revelation to the Monk of Evesham, ed. Edward Arber, English Reprints 18, London, 1869. More Answer (1533): The answer to the first part of the poysoned booke in More Werkes, 1035-1138. More Apologye (1533): The Apologye of Syr Thomas More, Knyght, ed. Arthur I. Taft, EETS 180, 1930. More Comforte (1534): A dyalogue of comforte agaynste tribulacyon in More Workes, 1139-1264. More Confutación (1532 [bks. i-iii, 339-522], 1533 [bks. iv-ix, 522-832]): The Confutación of Tyndales Aunswere in More Workes, 339-832. More Conespondence (v.d.): The Corespondence of Sir Thomas More, ed. Elizabeth F. Rogers, Princeton, 1947. More Debellacyon (1533): The Debellacyon of Salem and Bizance in More Workes, 929-1034. More Early Poems (cl503): in More Workes, [1-16]. More Heresy es (1528): A Dialogue concernynge heresy es in More Workes, 105-288. More Passion (1534): A treatice upon the passion of Chryste in More Workes, 1270-1349. More Picus (cl505): The life of John Ficus in More Workes, 1-34. More Richard (1513): The history of king Richard the thirde in More Workes, 35-71. More Supplicacion (1529): The supplicacion of soules in More Workes, 288-339. More Treatyce (1522): A Treatyce . . . uppon these wordes of holye Scrypture, Memorare novissima in More Workes, 72-102. More Workes: The workes of Sir Thomas More . . . wrytten by him in the Englysh tonge, London, 1557. Morris Old English Miscellany: Richard Morris, ed.. An Old English Miscellany, EETS 49, 1872. Morte Arthure (al400): ed. Erik Björkman, Alt- und mittelenglishche Texte 9, Heidelberg, 1915. Morton: James Morton, ed., The Ancrene Riwle, CS 57, 1853. MF: Modem Philology, Chicago, 1(1903)—. Mum (cl405): Mum and the Sothsegger, ed. Mabel Day and Robert Steele, EETS 199, 1936. Mustanoja: Taimo F. Mustanoja, ed., The Good Wife Taught her Daughter, The Good Wyfe Wold a Fylgremage, The Thewis of Gud Women, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae 61, Helsinki, 1948. Myne awen dere (al450): "Myne awen dere sone," ed. Tauno F. Mustanoja, Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 49(1948), 145-93. Myrour of lewed men (cl425): in Vernon, I, 407-42. Myroure of oure Ladye (cl450): ed. John H. Blunt, EETS ES 19, 1873. Napier: Arthur Napier, ed., Wulfstan: Sammlung der ihm zugeschriebenen Homilien, Sammlung englischer Denkmäler 4, Berlin, 1883. NED: A Islew English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 13 vols, (with Supplement), Oxford, 1884-1933. Nevill Castell (1518): William Nevill, The Castell of Pleasure, ed. Roberta D. Cornelius, EETS 179, 1930. Newton (cl500): "The Poems of Humfrey Newton," ed. R. H. Robbins, PMLA 65(1950), 249-81. Nicodemus (al350 [Galba], al425 [Additional], cl450 [Sion]): The Gospel of Nico-

Bibliographical

References

χΙ

demus in The Middle-English Harrowing of Hell and Gospel of Nicodemm, ed. William H. Hulme, EETS ES 100, 1907. Nominale (cl350): Nominale sive Verbale, ed. W. W. Skeat, Transactions of the Philological Society, 1906, З ' - З б ' . Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) (cl300): English Metrical Homilies from Manuscripts of the Fourteenth Century, ed. John Small, Edinburgh, 1862. Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vemon) (cl390): "Die Evangelien-geschichten der Homiliensammlung des MS. Vemon," ed. С. Horstmann, Archiv 57(1877), 241-316. Northern Passion (v.d.): ed. Frances Α. Foster, 2 vols., EETS 145, 147, 1913-6. Northern Verse Psalter (al400): Anglo-Saxon and Early English Psalter, ed. J. Stevenson, 2 vols., Surtees Society 16, 19, 1843-7. Norton Ordinali (cl477): Thomas Norton, The Ordinali of Alchimy in Ashmole, 1-106. Now late me thought (al500): "De Arte Lacrimandi," ed. Robert M. Garrett, Anglia 32(1909), 269-94. NQ: Notes and Queries, 1st Series, 1(1849-50)—. Nut Brown Maid (al500): in Percy Folio Manuscript, 111, 174-86. О Man more (al500): in RawUnson MS. С 813, 393-5. О thou most noble (1487): "The Mayor of Waterford's Letter" in The Popular Songs of Ireland, ed. T. Crofton Croker, London, 1839, 318-31. Octavian (cl350 [NL], al375 [S], al500 [NC])·, ed. Gregor Sarrazin, AB 3, 1885. Odo of Cheriton (al250): Eudes de Cheriton et ses Dérivés in Léopold Hervieux, Les Fabulistes Latins, IV, Paris, 1896. Of Cieñe Maydenhod (cl390): in Vemon, II, 464-8. Of the seven Ages (cl450): ed. E. С. York, MLN 72(1957), 484-5. Old English Cato (c900): in Warner, 3-7. Old English Martyrology (a900): An Old English Martyrology, ed. George Herzfeld, EETS 116, 1900. Old English Nicodemus (clOOO): "The Old English Version of the Gospel of Nicodemus," ed. W. H. Hulme, PMLA 13(1898), 457-541. Orcherd (cl425): The Orcherd of Syon, ed. Phyllis Hodgson and Gabriel M. Liegey, EETS 258, 1966 (vol. I, text only). Orfeo (cl330 [Auchinleck], al500 [Harley])·. Sir Orfeo, ed. Α. J. Bliss, Oxford, 1954. (Unless otherwise designated, all quotations are from Auchinleck.) Orm (cl200): The Ormulum, ed. Robert Holt, 2 vols., Oxford, 1878. Orologium (al400): "Orologium Sapientiae, or The Seven Poyntes of Trewe Wisdom," ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 10(1887), 323-89. Otuel (cl330): in Rouland, 65-116. Otuel and Roland (al325): in Firumbras, 59-146. Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) (cl300): ed. Eugen Kolbing, ESt 1(1877), 98-112. Owayne Miles (Brome) (cl450): in Smith Common-place Book, 82-106. Owayne Miles (Cotton Caligula) (cl450): ed. Eugen Kolbing, ESt 1(1877), 113-21. Owl (cl250 [Cambridge], al300 [Jesus]): The Owl and the Nightingale, ed. J. W. H. Atkins, Cambridge, 1922. (Unless otherwise designated, all quotations are from Cambridge.) Owst Literature: G. R. Owst, Literature and Pulpit in Medieval England, Cambridge, 1933. Oxford: The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, ed. W. G. Smith and Janet E. Heseltine, 2d ed. by Sir Paul Harvey, Oxford, 1948.

xli

Bibliographical

References

Page Siege (cl420): John Page, Siege of Rouen, ed. Herbert Huscher, Kölner anglistische Arbeiten 1, Leipzig, 1927. Palladius (1440): The Middle-English Translation of Palladius De Re Rustica, ed. Mark Liddell, Berlin, 1896. Papelard Priest (al349): "Middle English Lyrics," ed. A. H. Smith, London Mediaeval Studies 2(1951), 42-5. Paris Psalter (1-50) (c900): Libri Psalmorum Versio Antiqua Latina: cum Paraphrasi Anglo-Saxonica, ed. Benjamin Thorpe, Oxford, 1835. Paris Psalter (51-150) (c900): The Paris Psalter and the Meters of Boethius, ed. George P. Krapp, ASPR, V, New York, 1932. Parker Chronicle (v.d.): Two of the Saxon Chronicles, ed. Charles Plummer and J. Earle, 2 vols., Oxford, 1892-9. Parker Dives (al470): Henry Parker, Dives and Pauper, W. de Wörde, 1496. Parliament of Birds (cl430): ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, JEGP, 7(1908), 105-9. Partenay (al500): The Romans of Partenay or of Lusignen, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS 22, 1866(1899). Partonope (al450): The Middle-English Versions of Partonope of Blots, ed. A. Trampe Bödtker, EETS ES 109, 1912. (Unless otherwise designated, all quotations are from BM Additional MS. 35288.) Partonope S (cl455): Fragment of a shorter version, as above, 481-8. Passe forth (al456): "Balade Moral of Gode Counseyle," in Gower CA, II, clxxiii-iv. Paston (v.d.): The Paston Letters, ed. James Gairdner, 6 vols., London, 1904. Patience (cl380): ed. Israel Gollancz, 2d ed., London, 1924. Paues (cl400; cl425 [Acts]): Anna C. Panes, ed., A Fourteenth Century English Biblical Version, Cambridge, 1904. Pauline Epistles (al400): The Pauline Epistles Contained in MS. Parker 32, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, ed. Margaret J. Powell, EETS ES 116, 1916. Pearl (cl380): ed. E. V. Gordon, Oxford, 1953. Pecock Donet (cl445): Reginald Pecock, The Donet, ed. Elsie V. Hitchcock, EETS 156, 1921. Pecock Faith (cl456): Book of Faith, ed. J. L. Morison, Glasgow, 1909. Pecock Folewer (cl454): The Folewer to the Donet, ed. Elsie V. Hitchcock, EETS 164, 1924. Pecock Repressor (cl449): The Repressor of Over Much Blaming of the Clergy, ed, Churchill Babington, 2 vols., RS, 1860. Pecock Reule (cl443): The Reule of Crysten Religioun, ed. William C. Greet, EETS 171, 1927. Peniworth (cl330): A Peniworth of Witte, ed. E. Kolbing, ESt 7(1884), 111-7. Pepysian Gospel (cl400): The Pepysian Gospel Harmony, ed. Margery Goates, EETS 157, 1922. Perceval (al400): Sir Perceval of Gales, ed. J. Campion and F. Holthausen, Alt- und mittelenglische Texte 5, Heidelberg, 1913. Percy Folio Manuscript: Bishop Percy's Folio Manuscript, ed. John W. Hales and F. J. Fumivall, 3 vols, with a supplementary volume (here cited as IV), London, 1867-8. Perry English Prose Treatises: George G. Perry, ed., English Prose Treatises of Richard Rolle de Hampole, EETS 20, 1866(1921). Perry Religious Pieces: Religious Pieces in Prose and Verse . . . from Robert Thornton's MS., EETS 26, 1867(1914). Person: Henry A. Person, ed., Cambridge Middle English Lyrics, Seattle, Washington, 1962.

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References

xlii

Peterborough Chronicle (v.d.): as Parker Chronicle above. Phoenix Homily (alOOO): in Warner, 146-8. Pierce (cl395): Pierce the Ploughmam Crede, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS 30, 1867, rev. ed., 1873. Piers (al376 [A], cl378 [B], al387 [C]): The Vision of William Concerning Piers the Plowman, ed. W. W. Skeat, 2 vols., Oxford, 1886(1924). Piers of Fullham (al500): in Hazlitt EPP, II, 1-15. Pilgrimage LM (cl450): The Pilgrimage of the Lyf of the Manhode, ed. William A. Wright, RC 91, 1869. Pistle of Preier (al400): in Deonise, 48-59. Plowman's Tale (cl400): in Skeat Chaucerian, 147-90. Plumpton Correspondence (v.d.): ed. Thomas Stapleton, CS 4, 1839. PMLA: [Publications of the Modem Language Association of America], Baltimore, Menasha, Wise., 1(1884)—. Poema Morale (cll75): Das frühmittelenglische "Poema Morale," ed. Hans Marcus, Palaestra 194, Leipzig, 1934. Pol. Rei. and Love Poems: Political, Religious, and Love Poems, ed. F. J. Furnivall, EETS 15, 1866, rev. ed., 1903. Ponthus (cl450): "King Ponthus and the Fair Sidone," ed. F. J. Mather, Jr., PMLA 12(1897), 1-150. PÇ: Philological Quarterly, Iowa City, 1(1922)—. Praise of Women (cl330); "Die Quelle des mittelenglischen Gedichtes 'Lob der Frauen,'" ed. F. Holthausen, Archiv 108(1902), 288-301. Pricke (al400): The Pricke of Conscience, ed. Richard Morris, Philological Society, Berlin, 1863. Prikke of love (cl390): The Spore of Love in Venwn, I, 268-97. Primer (cl400): The Prymer, or Lay Folks' Prayer Book, ed. Henry Littlehales, EETS 105, 1895. Prohemy of a Mariage (cl475): in Halliwell Selection, 27-46. Promptorium (al475): The Promptorium Parvuhrum, ed. A. L. Mayhew, EETS ES 102, 1908. Proper tretyse (cl500): "Further Marginaba from a Copy of Bartholomaeus Anglicus," ed. J. G. Milne and Elizabeth Sweeting, MLR 40(1945), 244-5. Proprium Sanctorum (cl350): ed. С. Horstmann, Archiv 81(1888), 83-114, 299-321. Prose Alexander (cl440): The Prose Life of Alexander, from the Thornton MS., ed. J. S. Westlake, EETS 143, 1913. Prose Psalter (cl350): The Earliest Complete English Prose Psalter, ed. Karl D. Bülbring, EETS 97, 1891. Proverbes of diverse profetes (cl390): in Vemon, II, 522-53. Proverbis of Wysdom (al400): ed. Julius Zupitza (from Bodl. 14525), Archiv 90(1893), 241-68. (In part identical with Fyrst thou sal.) Proverbis of Wysdvm (IT) (al400): "Die Sprichwörter Hendings und die Proverbis of Wysdom," ed. G. Schleich (from Bodl. 1851), Anglia 51(1927), 221-4. (Quoted only when differing from above.) Proverbs of Alfred (cl250 [T{rinity)], al300 [J{esus)]·. The Proverbs of Alfred, ed. О. S. Α. Amgart, 2 vols., Skrifter Utgivna av Kimgliga Humanistiska Vetenskapssamfundet i Lund 32, 1942-55. (Text is in vol. II.) Proverbs of Good Counsel (cl450): in F. J. Furnivall, Queene Elizabethes Achademy, EETS ES 8, 1869, 68-70. Proverbs of Salamon (al500): ed. Karl Brunner, Archiv 161(1932), 194-5, 164(1933), 178-91. (Identical in part with Lovely Song of Wisdom.)

xlüi

Bibliographical

References

PS: Percy Society, Publications, London, 1840-52. Psalterium b. Mariae (cl390): in Vernon, I, 49-105. Pseudo-Alcuin (alOOO): "Übersetzung von Alcuin's De Virtutibus et Vitiis Liber," ed. В. Assmann, Anglia 11(1889), 371-91. Quare (al500): The Quare of Jelusy in Miscellany Volume, STS, 1933, 195-212. Quatrefoil (al400): The Quatrefoil of Love, ed. Israel Gollancz and Magdalene M. Weale, EETS 195, 1935. Quatuor Sermones (1483): Quatuor Sermones, reprinted from the first edition printed by William Caxton at Westminister, RC 111, 1883. Qui Habitat (al400): An Exposition of Qui Habitat and Вопит Est in English, ed. Björn Wallner, Lund Studies in English 23, 1954. Quixley Ballades (al450): "Quixley's Ballades Royal," ed. Henry N. MacCracken, Yorkshire Archaeological Journal 20(1909), 33-50. Ragman Roll (al500): in Hazlitt EPF, I, 68-78. Ratis (cl450): Ratis Raving in Girvan, 1-51. Rauf (cl475): The Taill of Rauf Coilyear in Amours, 82-114. Rawlinson MS. С 813 (v.d.): "The Songs in Manuscript Rawlinson C. 813," ed. Frederick M. Padelford, Anglia 31(1908), 309-97. Rawlinson MS. D 328 (cl475): "A Collection of Proverbs in Rawlinson MS. D 328," ed. Sanford B. Meech, MP 38(1940), 113-32. Rawlinson Troye (cl450): The Sege of Troye, ed. Nathaniel E. Griffin, PMLA 22(1907), 157-200. RC: Roxburghe Club, Publications, London, 1814—. Regius Psalter (clOOO): Der altenglische Regius-Psalter, ed. Fritz Roeder, Studien zur englischen Philologie 18, Halle, 1904. Reinbrun (cl300): Reinbrun, Gij sone of Warwike in Guy^, 631-74. Rei. Ant: Reliquiae Antiquae, ed. Thomas Wright and J. O. Halliwell, 2 vols., London, 1845. Remedie of Love (al500): in Chaucer, Workes, ed. John Stovi', London, 1561, cccxxi^-cccxxiiii". Remors (cl500): The remors of conscyence, W. de Wörde, [Р1532]. RES: Review of English Studies, London, 1(1925)—. Richard (al300): Der mittelenglische Versroman über Richard Löwenherz, ed. Karl Brunner, Wiener Beiträge zur englischen Philologie 42, 1913. Ripley Compound (1471): George Ripley, The Compound of Alchymie in Ashmole, 107-93. Rivers Cordyal (1479): Anthony Woodville, Earl Rivers, The Cordyal, ed. J. A. Mulders, Nijmegen, [1962]. Rivers Dictes (1477): Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers, Caxton, 1477; facsimile, Detroit, The Cranbrook Press, 1901. Rivers Morale Proverbes (1478): The morale proverbes of Cristyne, Caxton, 1478. Bobbins: Rossell H. Robbins, ed.. Secular Lyrics of the XlVth and XVth Centuries, 2d ed., Oxford, 1955. Robbins Historical Poems: Historical Poems of the XlVth and XVth Centuries, New York, 1959. Robbins-Cutler: Rossell H. Robbins and John L. Cutler, edd.. Supplement to the Index of Middle English Verse, Lexington, Kentucky, 1965. Robert (cl390): Roberd of Cisyle, ed. Richard Nuck, Berlin, 1887. Robert of Gloucester (cl300): The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester, ed. William A. Wright, 2 vols., RS, 1887. Robert the Devil (1502): The Lyf of .. . Roberte the Devyll, W. de Wörde, [?1502].

Bibliographical

References

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Roland (cl400): Fragment of the Song of Roland in Melayne, 107-36. Rolle Meditatio (al349): Richard Rolle, Meditatio de Passione Domini, ed. Harald Lindkvist, Skrifter Utgifna af Kungliga Humanistiska Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala 19.3, 1917. Rolle Mending (al500): Richard Rolle of Hampole's Mending of Life from the Fifteenth Century Worcester Cathedral Manuscript F. 172, ed. W. H. Hulme, Western Reserve Studies 1.4, Cleveland, 1918. Rolle Psalter (cl340): The Psalter or Psalms of David . . . with a Translation and Exposition in English by Richard Rolle of Hampole, ed. Henry R. Bramley, Oxford, 1884. Romaunt (al400): The Romaunt of the Rose, Fragments В and С in Chaucer (Robinson), 581-637. ?Ros La Relie Dame (al500): ?Sir Richard Ros, La Relie Dame Sans Mercy in Skeat Chaucerian, 299-326. Rote or Myrour (al496): The rote or myrour of consolacyon and conforte, W. de Wörde, 1499 (1496). Rouland (cl330): Rouland and Vemagu in The Taill of Rauf Coilyear . . . with the Fragments of Roland and Vemagu and Otuel, ed. S. J. H. Herrtage, EETS ES 39, 1882, 37-61. Rowlande (al400): The Romance of Duke Rowlande and of Sir Ottuell of Spayne in Melayne, 55-104. RS: Rolls Series; Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores, or Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages, London, 1858-96. Rule of St. Renet (1) (al425): Three Middle-English Versions of the Rule of St. Benet, ed. Ernst A. Kock, EETS 120, 1902, 1-47. Rule of St. Benet (2) (al450): as above, 48-118. Rule of St. Benet (3) (1491): as above, 119-40. Russell Boke (al475): John Russell, The Boke of Nurture Folowyng Enghndis gise in Furnivall Babees Book, 117-99. Ryght as small flodes (al500): A Treatise of a Galaunt in Hazlitt EPP, III, 151-60. Rylands MS. 394 (el450): "A Medieval Collection of Latin and English Proverbs and Riddles, from the Rylands Latin MS. 394," ed. W. A. Pantin, Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Manchester 14(1930), 81-114. (In large part identical with Douce MS. 52.) Ryman (cl490): "Die Gedichte des Franziskaners Jakob Ryman," ed. Julius Zupitza, Archiv 89(1892), 167-338. St. Agatha (cl375): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 45-8. St. Alexius (cl300): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 174-88. St. Anne (i) (cl400): The Middle English Stanzaic Versions of the Life of Saint Anne, ed. Roscoe E. Parker, EETS 174, 1928, 1-89. St. Anne (2) (cl475): as above, 90-109. St. Anne (3) (cl500): as above, 110-26. Si. Anthony (al425): ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 4(1881), 116-38. St. Bartholomew (cl375): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 119-23. St. Birgitta (cl475): The Revelations of Saint Birgitta, ed. William P. Gumming, EETS 178, 1929. St. Catherine (cl375): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 165-73. Sí. Christopher (cl440): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 454-66. St. Cuthbert (cl450): The Life of St. Cuthbert in English Verse, ed. James T. Fowler, Surtees Society 87, 1891.

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Bibliographical References

St. Editha (al450): S. Editha sive Chronicon Vihdunense im Wiltshire Dialekt, ed. С. Horstmaim, Heilbronn, 1883. St. Elizabeth of Spalbeck (cl425): ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 8(1885), 107-18. St. Erkenwald (cl386): ed. Henry L. Savage, Yale Studies in English 72, New Haven, 1926. Si. Etheldreda (al450): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 282-307. St. Juliana (cl200): The Liflade ant te Passiun of Sdnte Juliene, ed. S. R. T. О. d'Ardenne, Liège and Paris, 1936; EETS 248, 1961. St. Kateryne (al500): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 260-4. St. Katherin of Senis (cl493): "The lyf of saint Katherin of Senis," ed. С. Horstmann, Archiv 76(1886), 33-112, 265-314, 353-91. St. Katherine (cl330): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 242-59. Sí. Katherine (Gibbs) (al450): The Life and Martyrdom of Saint Katherine of Alexandria, ed. A. G. H. Gibbs, RC 112, 1884. St. Katherine of Sienna (cl425): "Ueber S. Katerina of Senis," ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 8(1885), 184-96. St. Katherine {Royal ) (cl200): The Life of Saint Katherine, from the Royal MS. 11 A. xxvii, ed. Eugen Einenkel, EETS 80, 1884. Si. Margarete (al500): The lyfe of saynte Margarete, Robert Redman, [Р1530]. St. Marherete (al225): Seinte Marherete, the Meiden ant Martyr, ed. Frances M. Mack, EETS 193, 1934(1958). St. Mary Oignies (cl425): ed. С. Horstmann, Anglia 8(1885), 134-84. St. Matthew (cl375): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 131-7. St. Mergrete (cl330): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 225-35. St. Peter and St. Paul (cl375): in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 62-81. Sí. Robert (al425): The Metrical Life of St. Robert of Knaresborough, ed. Joyce Bazire, EETS 228, 1953. Salomon sat and sayde (al500): ed. Karl Brunner, Anglia 54(1930), 291. Salisbury Psalter (cllOO): ed. Celia and Kenneth Sisam, EETS 242, 1959. Salomon and Marcolphus (1492): The Dialogue or Communing Between the Wise King Salomon and Marcolphus, ed. E. Gordon Duff, London, 1892. Salutacioun to ure lady (cl390): in Vernon, 1, 134-7. Sandison: Helen E. Sandison, The Chanson dAventure in Middle English, Bryn Mawr College Monographs 12, 1913. SATF: Société des Anciens Textes Français, Publications, Paris, 1875—. Satirical Description (cl460): A Satirical Description of his Lady in Halliwell Selection, 199-205. Sawles Warde (cl200): ed. R. M. Wilson, Leeds School of English Language, Texts and Monographs 3, 1938. Sayings of St. Bernard (cl325): Sayings of St. Bernard: Man's Three Foes in Verrwn, II, 511-22. Schleich: G. Schleich, "Die Sprichwörter Hendings und die Proverbis of Wysdom," Anglia 51(1927), 220-77. Scottish Legends (al400): Legends of the Saints in the Scottish Dialect, ed. W. M. Metcalfe, 3 vols., STS, 1888-96. Scottish Troy (cl400): Barbour's des schottischen Nationaldichters Legendensammlung nebst den Fragmenten seines Trojanerkrieges, ed. C. Horstmann, 2 vols., Heilbronn, 1881-2, П, 218-304. Scrope Epistle (cl440): Stephen Scrope, The Epistle of Othea to Hector . . . Translated from the French of Christine de Pisan, ed. George F. Warner, RC 141, 1904.

Bibliographical

References

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Secrete of Secretes (cl450): in Steele Secreta Secretorum, 3-39. Seege of Troye (al350 [Egerton], al425 [Lincoln's Inn], cl450 [Arundel], al475 [Harley]}: The Seege or Batayle of Troye, ed. Mary E. Bamicle, EETS 172, 1927. {Egerton is cited without designation.) Seldom seen (al390): in Vernon, II, 715-8. Sellyng Evidens (al456): ed. Albert C. Baugh in "Richard Sellyng," Essays and Studies in Honor of Carleton Brown, New York, 1940, 176-81. Sen that Eine (al500): in The Maitland Quarto Manuscript, ed. W. A. Craigie, STS, 1920, 103-7. Serlo: "The Proverbs of Serlo of Wilton," ed. A. C. Friend, Mediaeval Studies 16(1954), 179-218. Serve thy god (cI450): "Kleinere Dichtungen der Handschrift Harley 3810," ed. R. Jordan, ESt 41(1909-10), 261-2. Seven Sages A (cl330): The Seven Sages of Rome (Southern Version), ed. Karl Bnmner, EETS 191, 1933. Seven Sages В (al450): The Seven Sages, in English Verse, ed. Thomas Wright, PS 16, 1845. Seven Sages С (al350): The Seven Sages of Rome, ed. Killis Campbell, Boston, 1907. Seven Sages D (cl400): The Buke of the Sevyne Sagis in The Asloan Manuscript, ed. W. A. Craigie, 2 vols., STS, 1923-5, II, 1-88. Seven Wise Masters (1493): The History of the Seven Wise Masters of Rome, ed. George L. Gomme, Chap-books and Folk-Lore Tracts, 1st Series, 2, London, 1885. Shillingford (v.d.): Letters and Papers of John Shillingford, ed. Stuart A. Moore, CS, N.s. 2, 1871. Shirley Death of James (al456): John Shirley, The Dethe of the Kynge of Scotts, Miscellanea Scotica 2.3, 1818. Shoreham Poems (al333): The Poems of William of Shoreham, ed. M. Konrath, EETS ES 86, 1902. Siege of Jerusalem (al400): ed. E. Kolbing and Mabel Day, EETS 188, 1932. Singer: Samuel Singer, Sprichwörter des Mittelalters, 3 vols., Bern, 1944-7. Sir Gawain (cl390): Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, ed. J. R. R. Tolkien and E. V. Gordon, Oxford, 1925(1936). Skeat: Walter W. Skeat, Early English Proverbs, Oxford, 1910. (References are to the numbers given to the proverbs.) Skeat Chaucerian: Walter W. Skeat, ed., Chaucerian and Other Pieces: Being a Supplement to the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, Oxford, 1897. Skelton (v.d.): The Poetical Works of John Skelton, ed. Alexander Dyce, 2 vols., London, 1843. Skelton Magnificence (cl516): ed. Robert L. Ramsay, EETS ES 98, 1908. Slaughter (Digby) (cl485): Slaughter of the Innocents in Digby Plays, 1-23. Sloane MS. 747 (cl490): BM Shane MS. 747, f. 66a. (EngUsh proverbs, printed in part by M. Förster, Anglia 42[19I8], 203-4.) Smaller Vernon Collection (cl350): in Horstmatm Sammlung, 3-97. Smith: Charles G. Smith, Shakespeare's Proverb Lore: His Use of the Sententiae of Leonard Culrrmn and Publilius Syrus, Cambridge, Mass., 1963. Smith (cl500): The Tale of the Smyth and his Dame in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 322-8. Smith Common-place Book: Lucy T. Smith, ed., A Common-place Book of the Fifteenth Century . . . Printed from the Original Manuscript at Brome Hall, Suffolk, London, 1886.

xlvii

Bibliographical

References

South English Legendary (cl300): edited from Corpus Christi College Cambridge MS. 145 and British Museum MS. Barley 2277 . . . by Charlotte D'Evelyn and Anna J. Mill, 3 vols., EETS 235-6, 244, 1956, 1959. South English Legendary (Bodley) (al450): "Des Ms. Bodl. 779, jüngere Zusatzlegenden zur südlichen Legendensammlung," ed. C. Horstmann, Archiv 82(1889), 307-53, 369-422. South English Legendary (Laud) (cl300): The Early South-English Legendary, ed. С. Horstmann, EETS 87, 1887. South English Legendary: ОТ History (cl280): in Adam Davy, 82-90, 96-8. Southern Passion (cl280): ed. Beatrice D. Brown, EETS 169, 1927. Sowdone (cl400): The Romaunce of the Sowdone of Bahylone and of Ferumhras his Sone, ed. Emil Hausknecht, EETS ES 38, 1881. SP: Studies in Philology, Chapel Hill, N.C., 1(1906)—. Spalding Katherine (al450): "Ein mittelenglischer Katharinenhymnus von Richard Spalding," ed. F. Holthausen, Anglia 60(1936), 150-64. Speculum Christiani (1) (al400): ed. Gustaf Helmstedt, EETS 182, 1933, odd pages. Speculum Christiani (2) (cl450); as above, even pages. Speculum Gy (cl300): Speculum Gy de Warewyke, ed. Georgiana L. Morrill, EETS ES 75, 1898. Speculum Misericordie (cl455): ed. R. H. Bobbins, PMLA 54(1939), 935-66. Speculum Sacerdotale (cl425): ed. Edward H. Weatherly, EETS 200, 1936. Spiritus Guydonis (cl400): in Yorkshire Writers, II, 292-333. Squire (al500): The Squyr of Lowe Degre, ed. Wilham E. Mead, Boston, 1904. Stanbridge Vulgaria (I508[15I9]): The Vulgaria of John Stanhridge and the Vulgaria of Robert Whittinton, ed. Beatrice White, EETS 187, 1932, 1-30. Stanzaic Life (al400): A Stanzaic Life of Christ, ed. Frances A. Foster, EETS 166,1926. Stations (al500): The Stasyons of Jerusalem in Horstmann Legenden 1881, 355-66. STC: A Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland, and Ireland . . . 1475-1640, ed. A. W. Pollard and G. R. Redgrave, London, 1926. Steele Secreta Secretorum: Robert Steele, ed.. Three Prose Versions of the Secreta Secretorum, EETS ES 74, 1898. Stevens Music: John Stevens, Music and Poetry in the Early Tudor Court, London, 1961. Stevenson: Burton Stevenson, The Home Book of Quotations, 9th ed.. New York, 1958. Stockholm Prose Recipes (cl450): Aus mittelenglischen Medizintexten: Die Prosarezepte des Stockholmer Miszellankodex X.90, ed. Gottfried Müller, Kölner anglistische Arbeiten 10, Leipzig, 1929. Stodye of Wysdome (al400): A Tretyse of the Stodye of Wysdome in Deonise, 12-46. Stonor Letters (v.d.): The Stonor Letters and Papers, 1290-1483, ed. Charles L. Kingsford, 2 vols., CS, 3d Series, 29-30, 1919. STS: Scottish Text Society, Publications, Edinburgh, 1884—. PSuffolk (cl450): Henry N. MacCracken, "An English Friend of Charles of Orléans," PMLA 26(1911), 142-80. Susan (cl400): Pistill of Susan in Amours, 172-87. Svartengren: T. Hilding Svartengren, Intensifying Similes in English, Lund, 1918. Symon Lesson (cl475): Symon's Lesson of Wysedome in Furnivall Babees Book, 399-402. Take Good Heed (cl460): in Bobbins Historical Poems, 206-7. Tale of the Lady Prioress (al500): in Halliwell Selection, 107-17. Talk of Ten Wives (al475): in F. J. Furnivall, ed., Jyl of Breyntfords Testament, privately printed, London, 1871, 29-33.

Bibliographical References

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Talkyng (cl390): A Talkyng of the Love of God, ed. Cecilia M. Westra, 's-Gravenhage, 1950. Tars (cl390 [Auchinleck], cl390 [Vemon]): The King of Tars, ed. F. Krause, ESt 11(1887-8), 1-62. (Except in cases of significant variation Auchinleck is cited without designation.) Taylor Comparisons: Archer Taylor, Proverbial Comparisons and Similes from California, Folklore Studies 3, Berkeley, Cal., 1954. Taylor Proverb: Archer Taylor, The Proverb, Cambridge, Mass., 1931 (reprint, Hatboro. Pa., 1962). Taylor and Whiting: Archer Taylor and B. J. Whiting, Dictionary of American Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases, 1820-1880, Cambridge, Mass., 1958. Templum Domini (al425): in Roberta D. Cornelius, The Figurative Castle, Bryn Mawr, Pa., 1930, 91-112. Terens (cl520): Terens in englysh, [PParis, cl530]. Theophilus (al500): "Eine neue mittelenglische Version der Theophilus-sage," ed. W. Heuser, ESt 32(1903), 1-23. Ther ne is dangyer (1484): in Caxton Curial, 19. Thewis (cl475): The Thewis off Cud Wmnen in Mustanoja, 176-96. Tho oure lord god (al400): in Sixth Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, London, 1877, Appendix, 319-20. Thomas de Hales (al300): Love Ron in Brown Lyrics XIII, 68-74. Thomas of Erceldoune (cl400): The Romance and Prophecies of Thomas of Erceldoune, ed. James A. H. Murray, EETS 61, 1875. Thre Ages (al400): The Parlement of the Thre Ages, ed. Israel Gollancz, Select Early English Poems 2, London, 1915. Thre Prestís (al500): The Thre Prestís of Peblis, ed. T. D. Robb, STS, 1920. Three Kings (cl400): The Three Kings of Cologne, ed. С. Horstmann, EETS 85, 1886. Three Kings' Sons (cl500): ed. F. J. Fumivall, EETS ES 67, 1895. Three Middle English Sermons (al450): Three Middle English Sermons from the Worcester Chapter Manuscript F.IO, ed. D. M. Grisdale, Leeds School of Enghsh Language, Texts and Monographs 5, 1939. Three Old English Prose Texts (v.d.): Three Old English Prose Texts in MS. Cotton Vitellius A XV, ed. Stanley Rypins, EETS 161, 1924. Tilley: Morris P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1950. Times of Edward II (cl330): "Poem of the Evil Times of Edward П" in Wright Political Songs, 323-45. Times of Edward Π (Bodley) (cl330): "On The Evil Times of Edward II: A New Version from MS. Bodley 48," ed. Τ W. Ross, Anglia 75(1957), 173-93. Times of Edtvard II (Peterhousé) (cl330): A Poem on the Times of Edward II, ed. С. Hardwick, PS 28, 1849. Tiptoft Tulüus (al470): John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, Tullius de Amicicia, Caxton, 1481. Titus (al400): Titus and Vespasian, or. The Destruction of Jerusalem, ed. J. A. Herbert, RC 146, 1905. To you beholders (cl460): in Brotanek, 48-9. Torrent (al400): Torrent of Portyngale, ed. E. Adam, EETS ES 51, 1887. Tottenham (al500): The Tournament of Tottenham in French and Hale, 990-8. Toulouse (cl400): The Erl of Tolous and the Emperes of Almayn, ed. Gustav Lüdtke, Sammlung englischer Denkmäler in kritischen Ausgaben 3, Berlin, 1881. Towneley Plays (al460): ed. George England and A. W. Pollard, EETS ES 71, 1897. Treatise of Perfection (cl400): in Chastising, 229-58.

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Bibliographical

References

Tree (al475): A devout treatyse called the Tree and xii. frutes of the holy goost, ed. J. J. Vaissier, Groningen, 1960. Tretyse of Love (1493): ed. John H. Fisher, EETS 223, 1951. Travet (cl450): Nicholas Trevet's Chronicle: An Early Fifteenth-century English Translation, ed. William V. Whitehead (unpublished Harvard dissertation, 1960). Trevisa Dialogus (al402): John Trevisa, Dialogus inter Militem et Clericutn, ed. Aaron J. Perry, EETS 167, 1925. Triamour (cl400 [Cambridge], al500 [Percy])·. Syr Tryamowre, ed. Anna J. E. Schmidt, Utrecht, 1937. (Cambridge is cited without designation.) Trinity College Homilies (al200): Old English Homilies of the Twelfth Century, ed. Richard Morris, EETS 53, 1873. Trinity MS. 0.2.45 (al300): "Frühmittelenglische Sprichwörter," ed. Max Förster, ESt 31(1902), 5-9. Tristrem (a1300): Sir Tristrem in Die nordische und die englische Version der Tristansage, ed. Eugen Kolbing, 2 vols., Heilbronn, 1878-82, II. Tulle of Olde Age (1481): ed. Heinz Susebach, Studien zur englischen Philologie 75, Halle, 1933. Túndale (cl400): Túndale, Das mittelenglische Gedicht über die Vision des Tundalus, ed. Albrecht Wagner, Halle, 1893. Türke (al500): The Türke and Gowin in Percy Folio Manuscript, I, 88-102. Twelfth-century Homilies (cll75): Twelfth-century Homilies in MS. Bodley 343, ed. A. O. Belfour, EETS 137, 1909. Two Apocrypha (alOOO): Two Apocrypha in Old English Homilies, ed. Rudolph Willard, Beiträge zur englischen Philologie 30, 1935. Usk (cl385): Thomas Usk, The Testament of Love in Skeat Chaucerian, 1-145. Vercelli Book: The Vercelli Book, ed. George P. Krapp, ASPR, II, 1932. Vercelli Homilies (alOOO): Die Vercelli-Homilien, ed. Max Förster, BAP 12, Hamburg, 1932. (Part I only.) Verrwn: The Minor Poems of the Vernon MS., ed. Carl Horstmann and F. J. Fumivall, EETS 98, 117, 1892, 1901. Vespasian Psalter (c850): in Henry Sweet, ed., The Oldest English Texts, EETS 83, 1885, 188-401. Vices and Virtues (cl400): The Book of Vices and Virtues, ed. W. Nelson Francis, EETS 217, 1942. Vices and Virtues (Stowe) (cl200): ed. E Holthausen, EETS 89, 159, 1888, 1921. Vision of Philibert (al475): in Halliwell Early English Miscellanies, 12-39. Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio (1483): W. de Machlinia, 1483. Waerferth Gregory (a893): Biscfwfs Wserferth von Worcester Übersetzung der Dialoge Gregors des Grossen, ed. Hans Hecht, BAP 5, Leipzig, 1900. Wall Verses at Launceston Priory (al450): ed. R. H. Robbins, Archiv 200(1963), 338-43. Wallace (cl470): The Actis and Deidis o f . . . Schir William Wallace, ed. James Moir, STS, 1885-9. Walter Spectacle (cl520): Wyllyam Walter, The spectacle of lovers, W. de Wörde, [с1520]. Walther: Hans Walther, Proverbia Sententiaeque Latinitatis Medii Aevi, Lateinische Sprichwörter und Sentenzen des Mittelalters, Carmina Medii Aevi Posterioris Latina 2.1-5, Göttingen, 1963-7. Walton Boethius (1410): Boethius: De Consolatione Philosophiae, Translated by John Walton, Canon of Oseney, ed. Mark Science, EETS 170, 1927.

Bibliographical References

I

Warkworth (al500): John Warkworth, A Chronicle of the First Thirteen Years of the Reign of Edward the Fourth, ed. J. O. Halliwell, CS 10, 1839. Warner: Rubie D-N. Warner, ed.. Early English Homilies from the Twelfth Century MS. Veψ. D. XIV, EETS 152, 1917. Waterhouse: Osborn Waterhouse, ed.. The Non-Cycle Mystery Plays, together with the Croxton Play of the Sacrament and the Pride of Life, EETS ES 104, 1909. Watson Oliver (1518): Henry Watson, The History of Oliver of Castile, ed. Robert E. Graves, RC 136, 1898. Watson Ship (1509): The shyppe of fooles, W. de Wörde, 1509. Watson Valentine (cl505): Valentine and Orson, ed. Arthur Dickson, EETS 204, 1937. Way of Woman's Love (ol325): in Brown Lyrics ХШ, 162-3. WBible (cl395): The Holy Bible . . . by John Wycliffe and his Followers, ed. Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, 4 vols., Oxford, 1850. (Quotations are ordinarily from the second version, unless the first version is indicated by the date al382.) Weddynge (cl450): The Weddynge of Sir Gawen and Dame Ragnell in Sources and Analogues of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, ed. W. F. Bryan and Germaine Dempster, Chicago, 1941, 242-64. Wheatley MS.: The Wheatley Manuscript: A Collection of Middle English Verse and Prose Contained in a MS. now in the British Museum, Add. MSS. 39574, ed. Mabel Day, EETS 155, 1921. When the son (cl450): "How a Lover Praiseth his Lady," ed. Eleanor P. Hammond, MP 21(1923-4), 379-95. Whiting Ballad: B. J. Whiting, "Proverbial Material in the Popular Ballad," Journal of American Folklore 47(1934), 22-44. Whiting Devil: "The Devil and Hell in Current Enghsh Literary Idiom," Harvard Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature 20(1938), 201-47. Whiting Drama: Proverbs in the Earlier English Drama, Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature 14, Cambridge, Mass., 1938. Whiting Froissart: "Proverbs in the Writings of Jean Froissart," Speculum 10(1935), 291-321. Whiting NC: "Proverbs and Proverbial Sayings" in N. I. White and Pauli F. Baum, edd.. The Frank С. Brown Collection of North Carolina Folklore, Durham, N.C., 1(1952), 331-501. Whiting Scots I, II: "Proverbs and Proverbial Sayings from Scottish Writings before 1600," Mediaeval Studies 11(1949), 123-205, 13(1951), 87-164. Whittinton Vulgaria (1520): as Stanbridge Vulgaria, 33-128. Why I Can't (cl475): Why I Can't Be a Nun in Furnivall Early English Poems, 138-48. Wife Lapped (cl500): A merry Jeste of a Shrewde and Curste Wyfe lapped in Marrelies skin in Hazlitt EPP, IV, 179-226. William (al375): The Romance of William of Paleme, ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS ES 1, 1867. Winner (cl353): A Good Short Debate Between Winner and Waster, ed. Israel Gollancz, 2d ed., Oxford, 1930. Wisdom (cl475): A Morality of Wisdom, Who is Christ in Macro Plays, 35-73. Wohunge of Ure Laverd (cl225): in Richard Morris, Old English Homilies . . . First Series, EETS 29, 34, 1867-8, 269-87. Wold God that men (al500); in Thomas Wright, Songs and Carols, PS 23, 1847, 9-10.

li

Bibliographical

References

Wright Political Poems: Thomas Wright, ed., Political Poems and Songs . . . from the Accession of Edward III to that of Richard III, 2 vols, RS, 1859-61. Wright Political Songs: The Political Songs of England from the Reign of John to that of Edward II, CS, 1839. WSG (clOOO): West Saxon Gospels: Matthew {1904), Mark {190S), Luke {1906), John {1904), ed. James W. Bright, 4 vols., Boston, 1904-6. Wulfstan Homilies (al023): The Homilies of Wulfstan, ed. Dorothy Bethurum, Oxford, 1957. Wyclif EW (v.d.): The English Works of Wyclif Hitherto Unprinted, ed. F. D. Matthew, EETS 74, 1880. (Many titles, as the dates indicate, are no longer ascribed to Wyclif.) Wyclif Sermons (al425): in Wyclif SEW, I, II. Wyclif SEW (v.d.): Select English Works of John Wyclif ed. Thomas Arnold, 3 vols., Oxford, 1869-71. (See note to Wyclif EW.) Wyntoun (cl420): The Original Chronicle of Andrew of Wyntoun, ed. F. J. Amours, 6 vols., STS, 1903-14. (Wyntoun states that he took over the verses between viii 2965 and ix 1120 [V 370-VI 357] from an anonymous chronicler; see I xxxix, xc if., and esp. xciii f.) Ye that are cornons (al500): in Bobbins Historical Poems, 233-5. Yonge Govemaunce (1422): James Yonge, The Govemaunce of Prynces in Steele Secreta Secretorum, 121-248. York Plays (al450): ed. Lucy Toulmin Smith, Oxford, 1885. Yorkshire Writers (v.d.): Yorkshire Writers: Richard Rolle of Hampole . . . and his Followers, ed. Carl Horstmann, 2 vols., London, 1895-6. Young Children's Book (al500): in Furnivall Babees Book, 17-25. Ywain (al350): Ywain and Gawain, ed. Albert B. Friedman and Norman T. Harrington, EETS 254, 1964.

PROVERBS, SENTENCES, AND

PROVERBIAL PHRASES

Al To know not A from the windmill 1402 Daw Tapias 57[13-4]: I know not an a From the wynd-mylne. Apperson 1; Oxford 346.

al475 Vision of Philibert 26[20-l]: And nowe that abbay is tomed to a grange, Farewel thi frenschype, thi kechyne is cold. cl522 Skelton Colyn I 327.420-1: Turne monasteris into water milles. Of an abbay ye make a graunge. Apperson 1; O φ r d 65; Tilley A3. See H8, T546.

A2 A,B,C al400 Julian Revelation 145[6-8]; I have teaching with me as it were the beginning of an ABC, 234[5-6]: He willeth that we have know- A5 He is not wise that Abides where he is not ing here as it were in an ABC. cl420 Wyntoun needed IV 149.231-2: Sa mony abbayis foundit he As cl250 Owl 42.465-6: Vor he nis nother yep ne letteris ar in the Abbece {var. ABC). cl475 wis. That longe abid thar him nod nis. See Henryson Robene 151.17-8: At luvis lair gife C447. thow will leir. Так thair ane a b c . 1490 Irlande Meroure 14.12-3: The meroure of wissdome or A6 He that Abides well has not lost A.B.C, of cristianite. 1523 Skelton Garlande I al393 Cower CA II 271.1656-8: Ne haste noght 420.1475-6: In ryming and raylyng with hym for thin oghne sorwe. Mi Sone, and tak this in thi to meli, For drede that he lerne them there Witt, He hath noght lost that wel abitt, II 349.1776-7: And therof, Sone, I wol thee rede, A,B,C, to spell. Taylor and Whiting 1. Abyd, and haste noght to faste. See H171. A3 A per se cl475 Henryson Testament 107.78-9: O, fair A7 Those, that Abide long may walk wrong at Creisseid, the flour and A per se Of Troy and last Grece. alSOO The Merchant and his Son in cl450 Capgrave Katharine 135,909-10: Thenke Hazlitt EPF I 135.39: Thow schalt be an a-per- (on) other "that have abeden longe. And at the sey. al500 Partetmy 45.1148: She was A woman laste thei have walked wronge. See D157. A-per-se, alon. al500 Thre Prestís 24.356: In all A8 To him that Abides shall betide well the science sevyne he was an A per C, 46.1066. cl450 Douce MS.52 45.19: Who-so wyl abyde. 1501 Douglas Palice 36.9: Chauceir, as α per se He schal wel be-tyde. cl450 Rylands MS.394 sans peir. 1501 PDunbar To the City of Lon97.7\5. See B318. don 177.1. al513 PDunbar Manere of the Crying 174.133, 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 3.8. A9 In Abiding great harm may fall 1519 Herman Vulgaria 275[12]. 1533 Heywood al420 Lydgate Troy I 319.6097-8: For in abyWeather A3''[35]: Some saye 1 am I perse I. Ap- dyng and in swiche delaies Gret harme may person 1; Tilley A275; Whiting Drama 333:379, falle. See D157. Scots I 130. AIO In Abiding is found remedy A4 To bring an Abbey to a grange 1420 Lydgate Temple 45.1089-92: For in abidal440 Burgh Cato 32.1126: Somtyme was an ing, of wo and al affray—Whoso can suffre—is abbey, ther is now a graunge. cl450 Idley founden remedie. And for the best ful oft is 127.1170-1: Ffor like as an abbeye is brought to made delay. Er men be heled of hir maladie. a graunge. So all thyng was turned out of kynde. See S866.

Abiding

An

All In Abiding lies hope A16 Absence drives one from the heart cl450 Capgrave Katharine 93.224: And in a-by- cl385 Chaucer TC iv 427: Absence of hire shal dyng men seyn there lyeth hope. dryve hire out of herte. See E213, S307. A17 Long Absence causes division (is a shrew) A12 In long Abiding is little prow {benefit) cl450 Capgrave Katharine 93.248; In longe al439 Lydgate Fall III 911.3140: Long abscence causeth devisioim. a1500 Piers of Fullham a-bydynge is ful litel prow. 13.290-1: And therfor it is said in wordes few. A13 To fall Aboard with How that long absence is a sherew, 317: In al400 Wyclif Sermons I 294[14-5]: Thes men such caas absence is a sherew, 14.351. Apperson that now dremen an accident withouten suget 1; Tilley A9. mai falle aborde with these foolis. MED abord A18 As fair as Absolon (varied) 1(d); NED Aboard 2d. al200 Lawman III 153.28816-7: That was the faireste mon: With uten Adam and Absolon. A14 As old as Abraham's mother cl450 Idley 163.248: And she bee as oolde as al300 Maximian 92.16-7: He wes feirest mon Withhouten apselon. al300 Thomas de Hales Abrahaums modir. 70.83: And al so veyr as absalon. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 142.4208: Who was feyrer than AbsoA15 In Abraham's bosom (varied) a893 Waerferth Gregory 310.8-9: He waes boren lon? cl390 Of dene Maydenhod 465.18: That fram Godes englum and aseted in Abrahames weore so feir as Absolon. al395 WBible II Kings bearme. clOOO Larspel in Napier 238.6-7: And xiv 25: Sotheli no man in al Israel was so fair as sceal beon seo gode sawel on Abrahames faeS- Absolon. al400 Pricke 240.8926-7, cf. 243.9023. mum. clOOO WSG Luke xvi 22: On Abrahames cl415 Middle English Sermons 68.8. al449 Lydgreadan. cl300 Southern Legendary Life of gate Thoroughfare in MP II 824.61. al450 Jesus in C. Horstmann Leben Jesu, ein Frag- Song of Mortality in Brown Lyrics XIV 96.14. ment (Münster, 1873) 36.162-3. cl303 Mannyng cl450 Idley 172.836: Whoo more beautevous than Handlyng 215.6653-8: Abrahams bosum ys a feire Absolon? 1456 Hay Law 65.9. cl475 Henrydwellyng That holy men have yn restyng, That son Fables 98.2842: Wer I als fair as Jolie Absolon. to Ihesu, Goddys sone, cam. That flesshe and 1479 Rivers Cordyal 9.24. 1493 Tretyse of Love blode yn Mary nam. Abrahams bosum ys a stede, 81.6: The beaute of absolon. al500 Kennedy men telle, Betwyxe paradys and helle. al387 26.19. al500Miroure of Mans Salvacionne 145[ 18]. Piers С ix 283: In Abrahammes lappe. al393 al500 Salomon sat andsayde291.2e. 1509 Watson Gower CA III 194.1023: In Habrahammes barm Ship В8Ч14], Gg2''[8]. al513 Dunbar Of Manis on hyh. cI395 WBibk Luke xvi 22: The begger Mortalitie 149.12. Whiting Scote I 130. diede, and was borun of aungels in to Abraham bosum. al398(1495): Bartholomaeus-Trevisa A19 Abundance is better than necessity ВЗ^[2.4-5]. al400 Pricke 83-4.3059-61. al400 1509 Watson Ship A2''[4-6] (The first of two A Wyclif Sermons I 2[17]. cl400 Pepysian Gospel signatures): Knowynge that Melius esthabundare 64.23^: In Abrahames barme. cl400 Primer quod deficere. It is better to have haboundaunce 70[13^]. 1402 Daw Tapias 99[8]. al415 Mirk of dyvers thynges than to have necessyte. Festial 274.2. al425 Chester Pbys I 205.10-2: A20 Great Abundance often makes an evil conWend I mott the same way, that Abraham clusion went, the sooth to say, and in his bosome be. cl475 Henryson Fables 16.377-8: Grit abounal450 Lessouns in Kail 119.382. cl450 Idley dance and blind prosperitie Oftymes makis ane 194.2122-3, 2138. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende evill conclusioun. Cf. Oxford 1. 286' (by error 285"·) [1.39]. 1490 Irlande Meroure 115.18-9. al500 Miroure of Mans Salvacionne A21 He that is not bom to Abundance is not of 18 gloss: The Lymbe was the free prisonne in gentle blood hell, called Abraham bosme in whilk were haly cl485 Guiscardo 80.726-8: Seying it is a profaders and othere of the aid lawe that shuld be verbe sufficient and kinde: "He that ys nat born redemyd be crist, 100[5]. 1522 More Treatyce to habundance of good, But nedy for povert, ys 91 A[14-5], 1529 Supplicacion 317 G[l-2], 1534 nat (of) gentyll blood." See G43. Comforte 1157 A[5]: That ryche mans bosome, 1159 DE: And rest in Abraham that welthi rich A22 Of the Abundance of the heart the mouth mans bosome. Oxford 1; Taylor and Whiting 2; speaks clOOO WSG Matthew xii 34: SojDlice of jiaere Tilley A8. heortan willan se mujj spicjj. cl200 Vices and

A37

Adam

Virtues (Stowe) 101.8: Of that the herte is A28 To set at an Ace al425 Piers С ix 166 (var.): And sette peers at an full, tharof spekth the muth. 1340 AyenUte ase. 203-4: Vor be the mochelhede of the herte: the mouth spekth thet zayth our Ihord ine his spelle. A29 To set on an Ace (i.e., risk at dice) cl385 Usk 35.27-8: Sodeynly in their mouthes al513 Dunbar Advice to Spend 147.27: That his procedeth the habundaunce of the herte, and auld thrift settis on ane es. wordes as stones out-throwe. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 627: For after the habundance of the herte A30 The spear (sword) of Achilles С1395 Chaucer CT V[F] 2 3 9 ^ : And of Achilles speketh the mouth ful ofte. cl395 WBible Matthew xii 34: For the mouth spekith of piente of with his queynte spere. For he koude with it the herte. al400 Cast of Gy 50.830-3 (cf. Щмтг- bothe heele and dere. al449 Lydgate Complaint in MP II 382.25-8: Achilles swerde the egge was tus Guydonis 309[12-4]). cl400 Comilia Isidori 371[5]. cI400 Vices and Virtues 225.20-1: For of kervy(n)g. The plat therof was softe and recureabile; Wownded of the egge was mortali yn grete piente of herte the mouth speketh. al470 werkyng. The fatali plate was medycynabill. Parker Dives E811.28-30]: The mouth, sayth Oxford 612; Tilley S731; Whiting Scots I 130. he, speketh of suche thynges wherof it is piente See F253. in the herte. 1483 Caxton Cato H6^[8-9], ll''[13-4]: For it is sayd comynly, 1484 Royal A31 Acquaintance of lordship is dear bought Book R2''[21]. cl485 Conversion 48.563: Of the cl450 Proverbs in Ret. Ant. 1205[9-10]: Aqueynhartes habundans the tunge makyth locucion. tanse of lordschip wyll у noght. For furste or 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[1]. 1533 laste dere hit woll be bowght. Apperson 2. More Confutación 713 G[2-4], Debellacyon 965 A32 Between this and Acre E[5-6]. Taylor and Whiting 2; Tilley A13. 1485 Caxton Charles 167.1-2: Thys is the strongest A23 No (good) Accord where every man would cyte that is bytwene thys and Acres. be a lord al500 Salomon seyth in Person 52.1-4: Sala- A33 He sits high that deals out Acres mon seyth ther is none accorde Ther every cl250 Hendyng О 198.39: Heye he sit, that man wuld be a lord. Wher every man is plesyd akeres deleth. Kneuer 71; Oxford 593; Schleich with his degre Ther is both pece and unyte. 267; Singer III 135; Tilley A25. 1546 Heywood D 78.7-8: Tys sayde, there is no A34 From Adam to this time good accorde, Where every man would be a al375 William 117.3614: Feller saw never frek Lorde, 1556 Spider 194[6-7]: It is and hath ben from adam to this time. said: thers no good accorde: In place where as every knave will be a lorde. Oxford 2; Tilley A15. A35 The old Adam cl375 Barbour Bruce II 34.250: Fra vem of aid See G476, J6. Adammis syne. cl395 WBible Prologue (140[30]): A24 There may be no Accord 'tween truth and Wynne of old Adam. al396(1494) Hilton Scale fraud H4''[13]: The old Adam. al400 Meditations al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 574.230-1: 33.1253-4: Now is for olde Adamis gylt Newe And phylosophers by wrytyng bere recorde, Adam with wrong y-spylt. al500 Kennedy Twene trowthe and fraude may be non acorde. 73.1142: Lif fell in dede for luf of aid Adam. Oxford 2; Taylor and Whiting 3; Tilley A29; A25 Асе may resist sice (six) Whiting Scots I 130. cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 59.1612-4: And if thin ooste is ace, and his is syis. What so thei A36 To live Adam's eld (age) sey, covertly by prudence, Dispose the to make аХЗОО Richard 401.6299-300: And gaff hym the resistence. MED as (b). See M801. cyte to welde. Though he levyd Adammis elde. A26 Not reprehend an Ace A37 We are all come from Adam and Eve 1440 Palladius 19.15-6: That of his woord, his al396(1494) Hilton Scale H2126]: For all come werk, entent or mood Noon invident may rewe of adam and eve. al400 Wyclif Sermons I prehende an ace. 32[31]: We came alle of Adam and Eve. al450 A27 Not worth an Ace Declaryng in Kail 81.57-8: Though thou be of 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 192.14: Quhat is weill gentyl blod, Thenk all com of Adam and Eve. said thai love not worth ane ace. Whiting Scote cl485 Guiscardo 80.743-9: Fürst when oure I 130. modyr Eve brought forth Abell and Caym, Who

Adam

A38

cowde prefer hymself of byrth or of lynage, those golden daies, a gentleman? Apperson 2; And of theym tweyne infauntes, who cowde a Jente 778; Oxford 2-3; Taylor and Whiting 4; tytyll claym In gentyll blood, in noblenes, or in Tilley A30. hygh parage? That tyme was no dyfFerence A39 As Adamant draws iron betwyxt gentylman and page, But every man al400 ?Chaucer Rom. A 1182-4: Right as an was fayne to put hym in devour Hys lyvyng for adamaunt, iwys. Can drawen to hym sotylly The to gete with swetyng and gret labour. 1486 iren that is leid therby. PBemers Book of St. Albans Al''[27-8]; A bonde man or a chirríe wyll say all we be cummyn of A40 As hard as Adamant adam. cl497 Medwall Fulgem F5^[6-7]. al513 с1200 Hali Meidenhad 52.546: Ha is heardre Dunbar To the King 42.38. 1523 Berners Frois- iheortet then adamantines stan. 1340 Ayenbite sart III 224[28-30]: We be all come fro one 187[23-4]: Ну byeth harde ase an aymont. father and one mother, Adam and Eve: wherby al410 Love Mirrour 202[26]: That harde herte can they say or shewe that they be gretter . . . harder than the adamaunde. cl450 Pilgrimlordes than we be? cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes age LM 85[28-9]: He is as hard as adamaunt. 108.489-90, 517-8. Whiting Scots I 130. See 1484 Caxton Royal Book P2'[21]. 1509 Barclay C263, 538, F81. Ship II 127[3]: Mollyfy your hertis that ar harde as adamant. al535 Fisher Sermon . . . upon a A38 When Adam delved and Eve span who good Friday in Englüh Works 403.17-8: Hys was then the gentleman? hart be harder then any . . . Adamant stone. 1374 Brinton Sermons I 154[1]: Cum vanga Svartengren 260; Taylor and Whiting 4. See quadam tellurem foderat Adam et cetera, D227. 195[29]. 1381 Balliol MS.354, f.200b in BrownRobbins 3922: Whan adam delffld and eve span. A41 As strong as any Adamant 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 177''[2.25]: He Who was than a gentilman? cl390 Of Women Cometh this Worldes Weal in Brown Lyrics XIV was strenger thenne ony adamant. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 4. 177.97-102: For God and Mon wer fer a-twinne Whon he made Monkuynde of Séé-flod. I wolde Adder, see Serpent wite, whon that Eve gon spinne, Bi whom that youre gentrie stod? Hou be-come ye godes kinne A42 Adder (Serpent) in the bosom cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1786: Lyk to the But barelych thorw the wommones blod? al393 naddre in bosom sly untrewe. 1481 Caxton Gower CA II 361.2222-6: And forto loke on Godeffroy 66.34-5: But they, lyke as the serpent other side Hou that a gentil man is bore, Adam, which alle was tofore With Eve his wif, as of that prycketh or styngeth hym that kepeth hym hem tuo. Al was aliche gentil tho. al450 Song warme in his bosomme. 1534 More Comforte 1200 B[l-5]: It is a thing right hard . . . to kepe of Mortality in Brown Lyrics X/V 96.1-2: When adam delf and eve span, spir, if thou wil spade, a serpent in thy bosome, and yet be safe fro Whare was than the pride of man that now stinging. Oxford 600-1. merres his mede? cl450 Greene Carols 336 (refrain): Now bething the, gentilman. How A43 As speckled as an Adder Adam dalf and Eve sp(an). cl470 Harley al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa P3"'[l.ll-2]: MS.3362 f.5a {the English in a later hand): Cum The stalke therof is specklyd as an Adder. vanga quadam tellurem foderit Adam Et Eva A44 As wise (wary) as Adders (seφents) and as neus fuerat, quis generosus erat. Whan Adam simple as doves dalf and Eve span. Who was then a gentleman? a900 Alfred Gregory 237.20-1: Beo ge swa ware al475 Ludus Coventriae 29.415: Ye {Adam) must sua sua nsedran and sua bilwite sua culfran. delve and I {Eve) xal spynne. cl475 Rawlinson clOOO WSG Matthew χ 16: Beo{> eomustlice MS. D 328 121.50: Whanne Adam dalfe and Eve gleawe swa naeddran, and bylwite swa culfran. spanne, ho was tho a gentelman? al500 Hill al050 Defensor Liber 85[16-7]: Drihten segS 131.25. cl525 ?Heywood Gentylnes 108.485-8: on godspelle: beoö eomostlice snotere swa For when Adam dolf and Eve span. Who was nsedran and anfealde swa culfran. al200 Trinity then a gentylman? But then cam the churl and College Homilies 195[16]: Giepe alse the neddre. gederyd good. And ther began furst the gentyll cl395 WBible Matthew χ 16: Therfor be ye blood. 1556 Heywood Spider 197[19-21]: For sligh as serpentis, and symple as dowves. al400 thei finde in booke: This dematmd written. Wyclif Sermons I 200[17-9]: Christ seith . . . When Adam doive and Eve span, Who was in loke ye be prudent as neddris, and symple as

A60

Advise

dowves, 201 [5]. cl425 Speculum Sacerdotale wenyng: Many one weneth to have a thing 239.25: He was symple as the dowve, wyse as the whiche he muste forgoo. serpent. 1533 More Confutación 763 A[8-10]: A53 Some goodly Adventure is shaped someIf wee be not onely simple as doves, but also time to every wight, etc. (varied) prudent and wise as serpentes. Cf. Tilley M1162. cl385 Chaucer TC ii 281-7: For to every wight See D361, 380. som goodly aventure Som tyme is shape, if he it A45 To dread one as an Adder (etc.) (A number kan receyven; But if that he wol take of it of single quotations are brought together here) no cure. Whan that it commeth, but wilfully a900 Alfred Augustine 37.12-3; Ic hyt hondrede it weyven, Lo neyther cas ne fortune hym swa {заге naedram (bite), с1000 Aelfric Lives Π deceyven. But ryght his verray slouthe and 380.58: And Jja maedena onscunode (hated ) swa wrecchednesse; And swich a wight is for to swa man dejj naeddran. al393 Gower CA 111 blame, I gesse. cl503 More Early Poems [2] CD: 55.3966-7: Al specheles and on the gras Sehe And men had swome, Some man is bome. To glod forth as an Addre doth. al400 Alexander С have a lucky howre. Cf. Tilley T283. See F540, 247.4757: And he be-held on that hend and G359, T312, W275. hissis as a neddire. al450 Myne atven dere 158.279-80: Fra hys fletynge thou kepe the thus A54 Whatever stands on Adventure is uncertain al393 Gower CA III 166.7817-20: For what As fra the nedder that is venemus. thing stant on aventure. That can no worldes A46 To flee as from an Adder (varied) creature Telle in certein hou it schal wende. Til clOOO PAelfric Lives II 22.318-9: Sona \>u flihst he therof mai sen an ende. See H98. fram me on ¡ai gemete swilc man naeddran fleo. A55 By Adventuring a little one may assay what cl400 Lay Folks' Catechism 89.1306: As fro the will come of the whole Neddyrys face fonde to fle synne. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 396[3]: By adventerynge of a lytell let us assaye what wyl come of the A47 To sting (stang) like an Adder 1456 Hay Law 30.18: Thai stang as ane edder. hole. See H40. al513 Dunbar Of the Changes of Lyfe 141.9: A56 Adversity tests friends This day it stangis lyk ane edder. Whiting Scoto cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 539.261-4: I 131. Yif thou falle in adversite. Thou shal fynde and A48 He that thinks to Advance himself often wite, parde, Of whom thou wendest a frend have had, Then wole to the be enemy sad. does himself damage (varied) cl505 Watson Valentine 80.22-3: But suche Smith 2. Cf. Tilley A42, 43. See F634, 667, weneth to avaunce hymself that oftentymes P4I7. dothe his owne dommage. 1525 Berners Frois- A57 He is wise that can be patient in Adversity sart VI 307[7-8]: Often tymes a man thynketh 1504 Hawes Example Ccl''[6-7]: For evermore to be avaunced, and is pulled backe. See S193. right wyse is he That can be pacyent in adversyte. Smith 4. Cf. Tilley P106. A49 Adventure (fortune, luck) gives victory more often than does force A58 He that takes not Advice is bom in an evil 1489 Caxton Fayttes 100.8-9: Adventure gyveth hour often vyctory more than doeth force. See HIOI, 1485 Caxton Charles 61.28-9: For he that taketh M801. not advys is bome in an evyl houre. See C470. A59 Advise well before you speak A50 Adventure may often avail cl420 Wyntoun 111 63.794-6: Awenture oft may cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.169: Avyse the wele or awaile, And prowes pynys al perille. And eftyr thou speke. hope hart hapnys qwhylle (var. And efter hope A60 Advise you well whatever you say happinnis quhile). al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.24: What sum ever thou say, avyse the wele, 246.117-8: A-vyse A51 Adventure never abides in one point the well, what ever thu say. And have few al439 Lydgate Fall I 302.3644: Nat in о poynt wordis, 1 the pray. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.32. a-bit noon aventure. See C141. a1500 Think Before You Speak in Brown Lyrics A52 The Adventure of the world is wonderful XV 280-2.8: Whate ever thow sey, A-vyse the 1481 Caxton Reynard 61[15-7]: The aventure of welle, 16, 24, etc. Cf. Oxford 469; Tilley A44, the world is wonderly, It goth otherwhyle by 45.

Advised

A61 He that is evil Advised oft has pain 1483 Caxton Cato H4'"[5-6]: Therfore saith the comyn proverbe that evyl advysed hath ofte payne.

A61

al500 Theophilus 13.50[4-5]: In chafiFaring of mys happe Witnesse is good for after clappe. cI503 More Early Poems [14] D[l]: But for all that beware of after clappes. 1518 Watson Oliver F3^[16-8]: Olyver . . . sayd unto hym as evyll avysed of afterclaps. 1556 Heywood E 108.6.7: Touche not to muche for feare of after claps. Oxford 43-4; Taylor and Whiting 4; Tilley A57; Whiting Drama 222, 267, Scots I 131.

A62 Advisement is good cl385 Chaucer TC ii 343: Avysement is good byfore the nede. al450 Generydes A 151.4870: Oft avisement mich goode dooth. cl450 Alle that well in MLN 70(1955) 251.53-4: For wete it wel, bothe elde and ytmge, Vysement is good A68 Think of the After-tale (reckoning) in al thyng. al500 Ghostly Battle in Yorkshire al500 Greene Carols 388.6: Thynke well on the Writers II 422-3: Also what-so-ever thow doo, after-tayll. MED after- prefix 2m; NED Tail thynke or speke, that hit be do with goode sb.2 IV 4. avysement, and wysely to thynke on the begynnyng and on the endyng. Cf. Oxford 250; Tilley A69 It is good for Age to set a governali (rule) and youth sue (follow) it 134. See M335, T18, W167. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 178.4962-3: Goode is A63 Some speak of Affairs who know not how that age sette a govemayle. And youthe it sue: thus may al avayle. See C452. they go cl505 Watson Valentine 239.27-8: Suche speak- A70 Old Age serves for the counsel (varied) eth of the affayres that can not tel howe they al393 Gower CA III 351.4137: Old age for go. See R156. the conseil serveth. al420 Lydgate Troy I

126.3852-3: For wit of hem that be ronne in age, Αβ4 More Afraid than hurt cl400 Sowdone 49.1709-10: For of all thinge Is more than force with-oute experience. Jente thou arte aferde. Yet arte thou neyther hurte ner 181. Cf. Smith 6. See M252, 255. take. 1533 More Apologye 178[32]: Wers afrayed then hurte. 1546 Heywood D 25.35: And be A71 Not worth an Aglet (tag) of a blue point more fraid then hurt. Apperson 426-7; Oxford 1533 More Confutación 675 H[8-9]: It is not al worth an aglet of a good blewe poynte. Apper432; Taylor and Whiting 147; Tilley A55. son 458:29; Tilley P456. Cf. Whiting Drama A65 To find no After-char {return) 333:376. See P285. al325 Cursor III 1254.21921-2: Qua-sum be-for will noght be-warr, He sal find than nan efter- A72 Aid after the field al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 185, n.3: char (Γ yeyn char). See G5. Post bellum auxilium: Ayde after the felde is A66 Afterclap alredy faught. Alfred Henderson Latin Procl330 Times of Edward II (Bodley) 191.346: And verbs and Quotations (London, 1869) 334. See seththe on the riche cam the after-clap. C51, Lies, 178. A67 Beware of an Afterclap (varied) 1375 Canticum de Créations 314.476-7: Ther fore sondred shel they be Ffor drede of after clap. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 32.855-6: That after-clap, in my mynde so deepe Y-fyeched is. Balade I 63.20: And I so sore ay dreede an aftir clap, cl422 heme to Die 187.243: Of thaftirclap insighte had no man lasse. 1469 Paston V 12[9-10]: Thynk of after clappes and have provysion in all your work. al475 Turne up hur halter in Rei. Ant. I 77[17]: But yet be war of after clappys. 1496 Jhesus be your spede in Mary D. Harris ed. The Coventry Leet Book (EETS 135, 1908) 577[22-4]: Both erly and late, Kepe well your pate For after-clappys. alSOO Hill 139.6: And bere the evyn for drede of after-clappes. alSOO Landsdowne MS.762 in Rei. Ant. 1 289[3]: Be ware of after clappes.

A73 To shoot from (miss) one's Aim cl380 Patience 17.128: So that schomely to schort he schote of his ame. Tilley A85. A74 As vain (empty) as Air cl390 Talkyng 18.5: More veyn then is the eir. Cf. Tilley A90. A75 If the Air is disturbed one day, it will be fair another cl450 Foly of Fulys 57.207-9: Thocht a day stmblyt be the are, Aneuthir eftir cummys faire, Quhill were, quhill bettir, as cummys the cass. See S798. A76 111 Air slays sooner than the sword cl450 Ratis 5.167-8: Trow weil the philosophuris word, Than (for That) sonar slais ill air na suord. Oxford 314; Tilley A93.

A97

All

A77 To know no more than blind Alan of the ander to Alexander, from Alexander the drunke, moon to Alexander the sober. Oxford 12: Philip; al508 Dunbar Testament 72.11-2: Nescimus Tilley P252. quando vel qua sorte, Na blind Allane wait of A86 All are not holy that heave (lift) their hands the mone. Whiting Scots I 131. to heaven A78 Ale makes many a man to run over the cl475 Henryson Fables 80.2325: All ar not halie fallows that heifis tìiair handis to hevin. Whiting Scots alSOO Greene Carols 423.6: Ale mak many a 1 190. Cf. Apperson 5: All are not saints; Jente mane to ryne over the falows. Ale mak many a 625, 792; Tilley Al 16. mane to swere by God and Al-Halows, And ale A87 All are not abed that shall have ill rest mak many a mane to hang upon the galows. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 13[21]: All are nat in bed A79 There is no good Ale for sale in hell whiche shall have yll rest. 1546 Heywood D 1555 Heywood E 149.16.3: Wherby sins in 88.272: All be not a bedde, that shall have yll hell no good ale is to sel. rest. Apperson 5; Oxford 1; Tilley A114. A80 To mend as sour Ale in summer A88 All are not merry whom men see dance 1546 Heywood D 91-2.44-5: Than wolde ye cl430 Lydgate Dance 50.392: Al ben not meri mend . . . as sowre ale mendth in summer. whiche that men seen daunce, 62.511-2: But Jente 411; Οφτά 419; Tilley A106. many a man yif I shal not tarie Ofte daunceth bot no thynge of herte. Apperson 415; Oxford A81 The Ale-house is known by the ale-stake 421; Tilley D23. See D8. 1509 Barclay Ship I 38[15-6]: By the ale stake knowe we the ale hous. And every Inne is A89 All are not sound that pass by the way knowen by the sygne. See G35. al500 О man more 394.46: All be not sownde that passe by the wey. A82 Alexander might rather put Darius from his throne than Diogenes from virtue A90 All are not true that speak fair al387 Higden-Trevisa 111 309-11: There come cl350 Good Wife E 162.69: For al is noght that by-sawe that he myghte hghtloker putte trewe that faire speket, cl450 L 199.82-3: For Darius out of his trone and out of his kyngdom alle men ben not trewe That kunne fair her than Dyogenes out of the state of vertue. al425 wordis schewe. al500 О man more 393.10: All Higden-Anon. Ill 309-11: Whereof a proverbe is nott truste that spekes full faire. Oxford 228; was spronge, that kynge Alexander myghte Tilley A112. See S580. putte rather kynge Darius from his realme then A91 All covet all lose Diogenes from vertu. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 455.6253: Ofte wo so coveiteth al al leseth ywis. a1438 Kempe A83 As mickle (great) as Alexander (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought to- 60.12-3: And for thei wold han al thei lost al. al439 Lydgate Fall II 333.145-7: Men seyn off gether here) al400 Friche 241.8968: Als mykelle als was old, who that coveitith all, At onset hour suchon Alexander the gret kyng. cl400 Phwman's shal nat chese. But al his gadryng attonys he shal lese, II 654.2481: Who al coveiteth, sumTale 157.335: And ben as proude as Alexaunder. cl450 Idley 172.837: Whoo more victorious tyme al doth leese, III 728.1993-5: Who al coveiteth, ye shal imdirstond. He al forgoth, ful than Alisaundre ony tyme befom? alSOO Croxweel afferme I dar, At unset hour, wheroff ech ton Sacrament in Waterhouse 68.352: And man be war, al449 Fabules in MP II 598.932-4: strenger than Alexander, that all the wor(l)de An olde proverbe hathe bene sayd, and shall, ded gett. Towchynge the vyce of grete covetyce—Who A84 As rich as Alexander all covetythe offt he losytìie all, 599.948: Who cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 142.4209-10: Who all covetythe, faylyth offt in fere. cl450 Idley was rycher yn every thyng Than Alaxandre the 90.574: Ffor who woll all coveite all shall loose. ryche kyng? al500 Kennedy 26.20: Richer in cl450 Ratis 39.1380-1: And quhen thow yamis grace than Alexander the Gret. al to have, Than beis thow left and al the lave. cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.19: Tout covet tout A85 To appeal from Alexander drunk to Alexperde, Alle coveyteth alle lesith. с1475 Henryander sober son Fables 75.2189-90: He that of ressoun can 1529 More Supplicacion 331 E [ l ^ ] : As the not be content. Bot covetis all, is abili all to knight of kyng Alexander appealed fi-om Alex-

All

A92

tyne. 1481 Caxton Reynard 95[34-5]: It falleth A97 All lies and bleeds ofte who that wold have all leseth alle, 1484 1546 Heywood D 73.100: Advyse ye well, for Aesop 245[18-20]: For by cause that he sup- here dooth al ly and bleede, 1555 E 184.209: poseth to Wynne al he leseth all that he hath. Here lithe all and bleadth, all, thats fais and al500 Hill 129.39: He that all coweitith, often foolish. Tilley A159. all lesith. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 13[25]: He oft all lesys that coveytes all to have. 1ИЗ Berners A98 All must be as God will have it Froissart II 287[29-30]: It is an olde sayenge, al533 Berners AHhur 129[15-6]: All must be as He that all coveteth al leseth, 1525 IV 200[19]. God v^ll have it. See G269. 1546 Heywood D 97.231: All covet all leese, A99 All that comes comes by necessity 1555 £ 161.94, 194.278: He woulde all have and cl385 Chaucer TC iv 958: For al that comth, naught forgo, no. He may all forgo and naught comth by necessitee, 1048-50: By which resoun have so. Apperson 5, 290; Jente 270; Oxford men may wel yse That thilke thynges that in 7; Smith 43; Tilley A192, 194; Whiting Scots I erthe falle. That by necessite they comen alle. 153. See A104, G340, M707, 774, 780. See N160. AlOO All that is amiss may be amended A92 All is but a vanity cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes xii 8: The vanyte of al450 Generydes В 210.6592: All that is amys vanytees, and alle thingis ben vanyte. cl475 . . . may be amend. Mankind 28.760: "Vanitas vanitatum," all ys but AlOl Dispraise not All though one have a vanyte. 1509 Fisher Henry VZ/285.9: Vanyte of offended vanytees and all is but van)fte. Tilley A152. al500 Right best beloved in RawUnson MS. С See W664. 813 396.43-4: Itt is a trewe proverbe and off olde antiquite: Dispraise nott all, thoughe one A93 All is corruptible al400 Romaunt В 4856: For bycause al is have offended. See L14. corrumpable. A102 He speaks of Al! and considers not half A93.1 All is for the best cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4176: But yet, nafors, al sal be for the beste, cl395 III[D] 1496: Al is for the beste, IV[E] 1161: And for oure beste is al his govemaunce, V[F] 885-6: I woot wel Clerkes wol seyn as hem leste. By argumentz, that al is for the beste. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 320-1: And so, as many men seien, alle thingis comen for the beste; for alle comen for Goddis ordenance, and so thei comen for God himsilf; and so alle thingis that comen fallen for the beste thing that mai be. Burton Stevenson Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948) 173.2; Taylor and Whiting 26.

1533 Heywood Weather C2^[39]: Thou spekest of all and consyderest not hälfe.

A103 He that despises All displeases all cl390 Chaucer СГ VII 1070[B 2260]: "He that al despiseth, al displeseth," as seith the book. A104 He that shoots at All may lose all 1556 Heywood Spider 426[27]: Shooting at all, I have lost all quight. See A91. A105 He that wins shall take All cl330 Degare 88.482: He, that winneth, al sschal take.

A106 Leave All and find all al500 Imitatione (1) 107.15: Leve all and thou A94 All is good that helps shalt finde all. 1502 Imitatione (2) 226.34: For1528 More Heresyes 197 G[14-5]: Hogni aiuto e sake all thynges for god, and thou shalt fynde bono, al is good that helpeth. all thinges. See G96, L233. A95 All is lost that is given to a churl, etc. A107 One may not know All or have all 1509 Barclay Ship II 182[24]-183[4]: But all is 1483 Caxton Cato ^[31-3]: Therfore saith the lost that thou dost gyve to ^ d e Four sortis of proverbe that one may not al knowe, nor one people: the first is a vylayne Or chorle, for may not have all. For none is parfyghte in no agayne thou shalt hym prove unkynde, The scyence. seconde a childe, for his forgetfull mynde Expellyth kyndnes, the thirde a man in age. The A108 Trust not All, though you trust in part fourth a woman varyable as the wynde, Beynge al500 О man more 394.22: Trust nott all, of hir love unstable and volage. thoughe thou trust in perte. A96 All is not lost that lies in peril A109 Win All or lose all cl500 Melusine 147.25-6: All is not yet lost that al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1 124.3533: Other al to Wynne, or al to lese, 2 9 5 . 8 4 1 1 - 2 , 4 4 2 . 1 2 6 3 4 , lyeth in pareil. Tilley A148.

A128

Angel

II 481.13878. cl450 Merlin II 366[21]: For for he can not apeyre. Apperson 10; Oxford 10; owther I will all gete or all lese, 598[I5-6]: Tilley A237. Ffor this day be ye come all for to lese or all Al 18 He that is not Amended by others cannot for to Wynne. amend others A l i o (From here) to Almaigne al387 Higden-Trevisa V 29[l-2]; Other men cl300 Gui/i 146 A 2482: Was non wiser in-to beeth nought amended by hym that is nought amendid by other men. (Ascribed to Ptolemaeus: Almayne. Qui per alios non corrigitur, alii per eum non A l I I An Almond for (a) parrot corrigentur.) See M170. cl522 Skelton Speke II 4.50: An almon now for Parrot, dilycatly drest. Apperson 483; Oxford 9; A119 Amorets {love-knots) (may) be as well in black mourning as in bright burnet {cloth) Tilley A220. al400 Romaunt В 4755-6: And eke as wel be A H 2 A blanched Almond is no bean amourettes In mournyng blak, as bright burcl516 Skelton Magnificence 13.381: A blaunched nettes. Tilley L519. Cf. Oxford 390-1. almonde is no bene. A120 As fixed as an Anchor AI13 It were Alms to wring one by the ear al449 Lydgate De Profundis in MP I 82.117: cl497 Medwall Fulgens El^[16]: It were almys Fyx as an anker stable in hys creaunce. to wrynge me by the eare. Apperson 9; Tilley A225. AI2I To be like an Anchor cl340 Rolle Psalter 52 (15.2): The whilk hope is AI14 As clear as any Amber as ankere in stremys of this warld. cl440 Revelation in Yorkshire Writers I 389[43]: A122 To weigh Anchor That fyre . . . was als clere as any ambir. 1546 Heywood D 34.35: 1 will streight weie A115 To cast (etc.) Ambs-ace anker. NED Weigh, vb.i 5b. al250 Harrowing of Hell, ed. W. H. Hulme (EETS ES 100, 1907) 10.97-8: Stille, stille, A123 Angels {gold coins) work wonders satanas! The is fallen aunbesas. cl300 Becket I 1509 Barclay Ship I 25[19-21]: But nowe a 22.450: Thu ert icome therto to late: thu hast dayes he shall have his intent That hath most icast ambezas. cI300 Robert of Gloucester I golde, and so it is befall That aungels worke 86.1182: Ac he caste ambesas tho he to londe wonders in westmynster hall. Cf. Oxford 468, com. cl300 South English Legendary I 39.72: 609; Tilley A242, 027. That the quene wolde habbe iheved, ac hure vel ambes as, 196.494, 282.103, II 625.450. cl300 A124 As bright as Angel 1503 Dunbar Thrissil 109.50-1: The purpour South English Legendary {Laud) 233.497. cl390 sone . . . In orient bricht as angeli did appeir. Chaucer CT II[B] 124-5: Youre bagges been nat Whiting Scots I 131. fild with ambes as. But with sys cynk, that renneth for youre chaunce. al400 Tho owe lord A125 As fair as a(n) Angel god 319[60]. al437 Lydgate That Now is Hay cl475 Wisdom 40.159: Payer as a angeli, in MP II 812.102: Nowe sise, nowe synke, nowe of hewyn the ayer. al533 Berners Arthur ambbes aas, al449 Doublenesse in MP II 442[31-2]: He semed to be as fayre as an aungel 441.75-8: With sis and synke they kan avaunce. descended from heaven. Svartengren 214. Cf. And than by revolucion They sette a felle conTaylor and Whiting 6. clusion Of ambesase. Order in MP II 451.57-60: And he also that halt hym-selff wys. Wich in AI26 To glitter like Angels werkyng hath noon experience, Whos chaunce cl375 Barbour Bruce I 196.233-4: Maid thame goth nouther on synk nor sis, With ambes-as glitterand, as thai war lik Till angellis he, of encreseth his dyspence. MED ambes-as; NED (hewinis) rik. Ambs-ace. A127 To shine like Angels A l i o To shine like Amel [enamel) cl375 Barbour Bruce I 315.425-6: The Yngliss cI350 Libeaus 118.2098-100: Hir body and hir men, in othir party. That rieht as angelis schane winge Schine in alle thinge. As amali gay and brichtly. 1513 Bradshaw Si. Werburge 68.1790: geld. See F2I4. Shynynge lyke angels. Whiting Scots I 131-2. A117 He may soon Amend, for he cannot appair A128 To sing like an Angel (become worse) cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 1055: And as an aungel 1555 Heywood E 163.106: He may soone amend. hevenysshly she soong, VII 3291-2[B4481-2]:

Anger

10

For trewely, ye have as myrie a stevene As any aungel hath Áat is in hevene. al393 Gower CA III 407.779-82: Singende he harpeth forth withal. That as a vois celestial Hem thoghte it souneth in here Ere, As thogh that he an Angel were, 431.1671. al400 PChaucer Rom. A 671-2: They songe her song as faire and wel As angels don espirituel. Whiting Drama 303:5. A129 After Anger game (mirth) cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1562-3: And if so be that pees heere-after take, As alday happeth after anger game. See W697.

A729

an antony pigge, and he folowid the hoste. cl450 Alphabet I 215.15-6: Ther come in-to the howse unto thaim a swyne of Saynt Antons. al475 Good Wyfe Wold 173.8: And rene thou not fro hous to house lyke an Antyny gryce. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 16[3]: I have behest a pygge to saynt Anthony. 1533 Heywood Johan Al''[6-7]: But she wyll go a gaddynge very myche Lyke an Anthony pyg with an olde wyche. Apperson 11; MED Anton(y); NED Anthony; Oxford 556; Tilley S35; Whiting Scots II 120.

A134 (From here) to Antioch A130 He that blames Another often seeks his cl300 Cm(/1 96.1705-6: Ther nis knight that so own shame miche preysed be Unto Antiage (C: Antioche) al393 Gower CA II 146.579-80: For who so wol that riche cite. an other blame. He secheth ofte his oghne A135 From Anwick (Lincolnshire) to Aungey schame. (? Angers) A131 He that loves Another better than himself cl516 Skelton Magnificence 35.1121-2: There is dies for thirst at the fountain not a better dogge for hogges Not from Anwyke 1509 Watson Ship N4''[6-8]: For it is a comon unto Aungey. proverbe that he the whiche loveth another better than hymselfe, deyeth for thurste at the A136 An Ape does as he sees others do al400 Discredoun of Stirings 68.8-9: Men sein fountayne. See F381. comonly that ape doth as he other seeth. A132 A soft Answer (fair words, etc.) breaks Janson 287 if. (slakes) ire (wrath) al050 Defensor Liber 205[2-3]: Answaru lijie A137 An Ape's tail (i.e., nothing) tobrycô yrre; spaso stiS awecS hatheortnysse. 1471 Ripley Compound 158[3-4]: For they shall cl350 Good Wife E 160.27: Fare wordes wrath have as much by ther Phylosophy, As they of slaketz. cl395 WBible Proverbs xv 1: A soft the tayle of an Ape can take, с1495 Arundel answere brekith ire; an hard word reisith wood- Vulgaria 54.232: I doubte not but er he depart nesse. al450 Declaryng in Kail 83.132: For thei shall make hym as clen from it as an ape fayre speche doth wraththe breke. 1450 Diets fro tailys. Tilley A268, M1095. 38.13: A soft worde puttithe a-way grete ennoy. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.17-8: A soft worde A138 The Ape thinks her own babes beauteous swages ire. Suffer and hafe thi desyre. cl450 1533 More Apology e l[6-8]: Isopes ape, that Good Wife L 198.33-4: A fair worde and a thought her own babes so beutuouse, and so meeke Dooth wraththe slake. cl450 Idley farre passyng in all goodly feature and favour. 84.190-1: A softe worde swageth Ire And Janson 41; Tilley A270. causeth grete rest, it is no nay. 1454 Mazer A139 As crabbed as the Ape inscription in Archaeologia 50(1887) 188: Soft 1509 Watson Ship Dd7''[3-4]: With pervers words swageth fyre (for ire); Sufiyr and have thi hertes, crabbed as the ape. Cf. Whiting Scots I desyre. 1483 Quatuor Sermones 31[9]: Soft 132: angry. speche . . . slakyth wreth. 1493 Tretyse of Love 94.16-7: For Salamon sayth, "Fayre answere A140 As drunk as an Ape refreyneth Ire." Apperson 200; Oxford 602; al500 Colyn Bbwbol 104.280: Such as wilbe as drongen as an ape. Apperson 167; Svartengren Tilley W822. Cf. Jente 368. 206-7; Tilley A265. A133 An Anthony pig A141 As harmless as a she Ape cl425 Brut II 385.22-4: And there come to hym al500 I have a lady in Person 39.32: That as a an Antony pygge, and folowed the ost al that way tyl thay come tylle a grete wasch. cl430 she ape she ys harmelesse. 1546 Heywood D Brut in C. L. Kingsford English Historical Lit- 39.134: But she can no more harme than can a erature in the Fifteenth Century (Oxford, 1913) she ape. Tilley M149. 305[35-6]: And as thei reden ther come to hem A142 As piled (bald) as an Ape

A155

11

cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3935: As piled as an ape was his skulle. Cf. Svartengren 254.

Apple

{Sloane) 301.59-60: An apys mow men sayne he makes. That brede and flesshe in hys cheke bakes. Tilley M1030.

A143 As tut-mouthed {with protruding lips) as an Ape A150 To put an Ape in someone's hood al513 Dunbar Of ane Bbk-moir 66.6: Scho is cl390 Chaucer CT VII 440-1[В1630-1]: The tute mowitt lyk ane aep. monk putte in the mannes hood an ape, and in his wyves eek, by Seint Austyn! MED ape 2(b); A144 The higher an Ape climbs the more his NED Ape 4. hinder parts appear cl395 WBible Proverbs iii 35, gloss: For thanne A151 By Appearance men should give judgement the filthe of her foli aperith more, as the fflthe 1525 Berners Froissart VI 44[21-2]: By apparof the hyndrere partis of an ape aperith more, aunce men shulde gyve judgement. Cf. Oxford whanne he stieth an high. Apperson 12-3; Jan- 328: Never judge; Taylor and Whiting 7. See F l . son 38; Офга 295; Tilley A271. See 0571. A152 False Appearance does harm A145 To be cutted {mutilated, Fcastrated) like cl380 Chaucer HF 265-6: Alias! what harm an Ape (etc.) (A number of single quotations doth apparence. Whan hit is fais in existencel are brought together here) al400 Romaunt С 7465-8: But shalt thou never al300 Alisaunder 243.4337: He shal be cutted als of apparence Sen conclude good consequence an ape. cl380 Chaucer HF 1212: And countre- In non argument, ywis. If existens al fayled is. fete hem as an ape. al450 York Plays 258.107: al439 Lydgate Fall I 69.2517: But, о aliasi He lokis lurkand like an nape. cl450 Idley what harm doth apparence, al449 Cok in MP 82.96: Use not to scome and mocke as an Ape, II 814.36-7: But what is wers than shynyng 118.659: They plukke hym, they pulle hym, apparence. Whan it is prevyd ffals in existence? they tumble hym as an ape. See S146, 147. A146 To be like an Ape tied with a clog A153 Two Appetites uneath {hardly) accord 1450 Death of the Duke of Suffolk in Wright 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 193.17: Twa appetitis Political Poems II 232[3-4]: Jac Napes wolde oneth accordis with othir. Whiting Scots I 132. one the see a maryner to ben. With his cloge and his cheyn, to seke more tresour. al450 A154 A wicked Appetite comes before sickness Boke of Curtasye {Shane) 302.108: Thou art cl390 Chaucer Fortune 55: Wikke appetyt comth ay before syknesse. See G167. lyke an ape teyghed with a clogge. Oxford 322; Tilley JIO. A155 An Apple may be fair without and bad A147 To drink wine Ape cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 44-5: 1 trowe that ye dronken han wyn ape. And that is whan men pleyen with a straw. al420 Lydgate Troy 1 309.5779: And with a strawe playeth like an ape. 1509 Barclay Ship I 96[20]: Some are Ape dronke full of lawghter and of toyes. Janson 246-53; MED ape 3(b); Oxford 12. A148 To make an Ape of someone C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 706: He made the person and the peple his apes, cl390 3389: And thus she maketh Absolon hire ape, cl395 VIII [G]1313: Right as hym liste, the preest he made his apel al533 Heywood Johan B3'"[5]: To make her husband her ape. NED Ape 4; Tilley A273; Whiting Scots I 132. A149 To mow like an Ape cl380 Chaucer HF 1805-6: This soun was so ful of japes, As ever mowes were in apes. cl485 Slaughter {Digby) 12.296: And make them to lye and mowe like an ape. al450 Boke of Curtasye

within {varied) al225 Lambeth Homilies 25[26-7]: And bith al swa is an eppel iheoweth, he bith with-uten feire and frakel with-innen. cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 108 Τ 334-40: Moni appel is wid-uten grene, Brit on berne, and bittere widinnen; So his moni wimmon In hire faire bure, Schene under schete, and thocke hie is in an stondes wile, al300 109 J 334-9: Mony appel is bryht with-ute. And bitter withinne; So is mony wymmon On hyre fader bure Schene under schete And theyh heo is schendful. 1340 Ayenbite 229[23-5]: Ase thet frut ne is naght guod, thagh hit by wel vayr with-oute, huanne hit is vorroted and wermethe. cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 964-5: Ne every appui that is fair at eye Ne is nat good, what so men clappe or crye. cl408 Lydgate Reson 103.3915-8: Of trees ther ben eke many paire That ber applys gret and faire, Delytable in shewyng. But wonder bitter in tastyng. cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 43 [22-3]: Appeles and peres that semen very

Apple

12

A156

Archiv 131(1913) 62.106. 1506 Kalender 122.8. gode. Ful ofte tyme are roten by the core. alSOO Svartengren 279; Taylor and Whiting 8; Whiting 0 man more 393.9: Every fair apple thou maye NC 362. nott counte is good. al500 Clerk and the Nightingale 11 in Robbins 177.23-6: Clerk, be a appyl A159 As sweet as Apples thou myght se—Sownd with-owtte and grene. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 3261-2: Hir mouth was And in the core rotyd be: So faryth a woman, sweete as . . . hoord of apples leyd in hey or 1 wene. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 168.772: A heeth. pleasaunt apple is oft corrupt within. MED appel 4; Oxford 187; Skeat 284; Tilley A300, A160 Better an Apple given than eaten F29. See C308, G365, S342, 365, W278, 425, c l 2 5 0 Hendyng О 195-6.25: Betere is appel 511. iyeven, then al ieten, al325 С 184.14: Betir is one appil iyevin, than twein iyetin. al500 AddiA156 The Apple (ball) of one's eye tional MS.37075 277.9: Better be appylys yevyn 897 Alfred Boethius 133.12-3: Hi scilde swa than etyn. Apperson 13; Kneuer 30; MED appel geomlice swa (swa) man deS Jjone asppel on his 4; Oxford 37; Schleich 254-5; Singer III 128-9; eagan. c900 Paris Psalter 31 (16.8): Geheald Skeat 74; Tilley A292; Walther III 929.22229e. me . . . and beorh me, swa swa man byrhö See F691, P86. Jîam asplum on his eagum mid his braswum.

c l 3 4 0 Rolle Psalter 56 (16.9): Kepe me as the A161 Lost with an Apple and won with a nut appile of the eghe, 515 (Song of Moses [II] 14). 1546 Heywood D 36.33: She is lost with an c l 3 5 0 Prose Psalter 16 (16.9). cl395 WBible apple, and woon with a nut. Apperson 14; Deuteronomy xxxii 10, Psalms xvi 8, Proverbs Oxford 387; Tilley A295. vii 2, Ecclesiasticus xvii 18, xxix 16, Zechariah ii 8. al400 NoHhern Verse Psalter I 39 (16.8). A162 The more Apples the tree bears the more the tree bows c l 4 5 0 Jacob's Well 250.16-7: Kepyn hym as c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 4-5: The mo appelen the the bal of his eyghe. 1493 Tretyse of Love 63-4: tre bereth the more she boweth to the folk. For whan this blessyd bodi was bome of his moder, he was more tender than is the apple A163 Never a good Apple on a sour stock of the eye. MED appel 6(a); Taylor and Whital387 Piers С xi 206-7: For god seith hit hyming 8; Tilley A290. See E221. self, "shal nevere good appel Thorw no sotel science on sour stock growe." MED appel 4; A157 (Apples, eggs and nuts you may eat after Oxford 250. sluts) al529 Skelton Elynour I 109.436-8: Another A164 No more like than an Apple to an oyster 1533 More Confutación 724 С [7-8]: No more sorte of sluttes, Some brought walnuttes. Some lyke then an apple to an oyster, Apologye apples, some peres. Apperson 13; Oxford 12; 39[35-6]: Mych lesse lyke . . . then is an apple Tilley A296. lyke unto an oyster. Apperson 13; Oxford 13; A158 As round as an Apple Tilley A291. c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary II 415.407: As appel the eorthe is round. c l 3 2 5 Maid of Ribbes- A165 Not set a rotten Apple dale in Böddeker 157.58-9: Нуге tyttes aren 1485 Caxton Charles 109.28-9: He setteth noanunder bis As apples tuo of parays. cl398 more by the than of . . . a roten apple, cl489 W. Paris Cristine in Horstmann Sammlung Aymon II 442.10-2: I shall not sette a rotyn 189.441-2: Hire paps were als rounde ywys(s)e appull for all the power of Charlemagne. ApperAs an appille, thate growes in felde. al400 son 458; Oxford 549. PChaucer Rom. A 819: As round as appil was his face. c l 4 1 0 Lovelich Merlin II 412.15395-7: A166 Not worth an (rotten) Apple a1400 Romaunt В 4532: Ne worth an appel for Hire pappes . . . hard and rownde . . . As two to lowe. cl489 Caxton Aymon II 544.31-2: The smale apples. cl440 Liber de LHversis Medicinis, sones of a traytour whiche ben not worthe a ed. Margaret S. Ogden (EETS 207, 1938) 75. roten apple. Oxford 549. 26-7: Wynd it rounde as any appill. c l 4 5 0 Merlin II 227[15-6]. 1481 Caxton Mirror 61[20-1], A167 One rotten Apple rots the sound 1485 Charles 90.24-5: Hir pappes were reysed 1340 Ayenbite 205[23-4]: A roted eppel amang after the facyon of ij apples, 198.20-1: Ij pappes the holen: maketh rotie the yzounde yef he . . . rounde, and somewhat enhaunced lyke ij is longe ther amang. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] rounde apples. alSOO With humble hert in 4405-7: Of a proverbe that seith this same word,

ΑΊ80

13

Argus

"Wei bet is roten appui out of hoord Than A173 As wholesome (sweet) as the April shower that it rotie al the remenaunt." cl400 Viœs and cl408 Lydgate Reson 165.6310-1: For holsom Virtues 227.11-2: An appel that is roten and as the Aprile shour Fallyng on tjje erbes newe. lith longe amonge other maketh the other rotee. 1504 Hawes Example Aa4^[19]: More sweter 1484 Caxton Royal Book R3''[21-3]: An appel fer than the Aprell shour. Oxford 13. roten yt it be emonge the sounde and hole, A174 In April the cuckoo can sing her song by corrupteth the good apples, yf it lye longe rote emonge them. Apperson 13; MED appel 4; 1562 Heywood E 246.95.3-4: In Apryll the Oxford 549; Skeat 239; Tilley A294. See C559, Koocoo can syng hir song by rote. In June out of H291, L289, S217, 280, 351, T201. tune she can not syng a note. Apperson 127; A168 A sour Apple when hot shits out all it Tilley A309. See C600. knows A175 To have passed many an April and many с1450 Rylands MS.394 106.19.25-7: A sowre a May appui when it is hoote Shytes out alle that he al400 Romaunt В 3978-9: For many an Aprili woote. Omne quod est in se calidum pomum and many a May We han passed. See Robinson's cacat acre. Walther 111 586.19852. note, p. 877. A169 Though the Apple trendies (rolls) never so A176 To hold April from rain far it shows whence it came cl375 Chaucer Anel. 309-10: 1 myghte as wel clOOO Cotton Faustina MS. A ж in Anglia holde Aperill fro reyn. As holde yow, to make 1(1878) 285: Se œppel naefre {)aes feorr ne yow be stidfast. trenddeö, he cyS hwanon he com. Pomum licet ab arbore igitur unde revolvitur tarnen providit, A177 A blind Archer {Cupid) by chance gives unde nascitur. cl250 Owl 14.135-8; Thegh many a mortal wound appel trendli fro(m) thon trowe, Thar he and al439 Lydgate Fall 1 197.6992-3: As a blynd other mid growe, Thegh he bo thar-from bi- archer with arwes sharp(e) grounde Off avencume, He cuth wel whonene he is icume. al400 ture yeveth many a mortal wounde. See M36. Bozon Contes 23[15-6]: Trendle the appel A178 A blind Archer {Cupid ) may hurt his friend nevere so fer, he conyes fro what tree he cam rather than his foe (υατ. hit kytes wethin hit comes), 206[4-6]. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 401Robbins-Cutler 3799.6; Eric G. Stanley ed. The 2.461-7: And who that is an archer, and Owl and the Nightingale (London, 1960) 107. ys blynde, Marketh nothing, but sheteth by Cf. Jente 299; Taylor and Whiting 8. See B581, wenynge; And for that he hath no discreción, K30, 32, M82, P199, T94. With-oute avise he let his arowe goo. For lak of syght and also of resoun. In his shetyng hit A170 To spare neither the Apple nor the colk happeth oft(e) soo. To hurt his frende rathir {core) then his foo. cl400 Laud Troy 1 266.9008-11: But then come thedir kyng Odemon Out of Troye with mechel A179 He is a good Archer that never fails to hit the mark ffolk, He spared neyther the appui ne the colk, al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 321.11776-8: He Un-til he come to (the) Melle. MED colk l(a):"to ys an archer good Wych ffaylleth nat hymdo all one can." sylff taquyte, Alway the marke for to smyte, A171 He that Approves {helps) other men often 325.11915-6: An Archer eke, in thynne and wastes his own thykke, Faylleth somtyme off the prykke. See alSOO Henley Husbandry 42[33-4]: For the M45. Wiseman seith he that approvith to other men often tymes he wastithe his owne. Cf. French A180 Argus and his eyes text (p. 2[27-8]): Н о т dyst en reprover ke de cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1459: Youre fader is in loyns se purveyt de près sen joyst. MED sleght as Argus eyed. al387 Higden-Trevisa 11 171[18-24]. cl395 Chaucer CT 111[D] 358-60: ap(p)rouen 2(a). Thogh thou preye Argus with his hundred yen To be my warde-cors, as he kan best. In feith, A172 As uncertain as April al440 Burgh Cato 320.714-5: This woorldis he shal nat kepe me but me lest, 1V[E] 2111-3: welthe, ebbynge and flovi^g ay At no certeyn, Lo, Argus, which that hadde an hondred yen. as is wantoun Aprile. Stevenson 93.13, 15, 18. For al that evere he koude poure or pryen. Yet

Arnement

14

A181

was he blent. cl408 Lydgate Reson 12.422-4: Thrissil 110.84: Quhilk did furth swirk als swift That Argus . . . With hys hundred eyen bryght as ony arrow. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 246.82: The noumbre of hem nat tel(le) myght, al430 Als swyft as . . . feddyrrit arrow fleys. Taylor Pilgrimage 1Θ7.6358-61: Intellect or entende- and Whiting 9; Tilley A322; Whiting Scots I ment, Wych hath Eyen . . . As manye (or an 132. hundryd mo) As hadde Argus of yore agoon, cl433 St. Edmund 381.242: Eyes as Argus, A187 This Arrow came never out of your own al439 Fall I 11.383, 221.803, 1439 St. Albon bow 114.191. cl440 Charles of Orleans 147.4373-4: al500 Hill 129.30: This arow cwmmeth newer That passyng hard hit is such on aspien Though owt of thin own bow. Apperson 16; Oxford 55; hit were Argus with his hundrid eyene. al447 Tilley B511. Bokenham Mappula 33[6-7]. al449 Lydgate Ex- A188 To glide like an Arrow (from the bow) position in MP I 64.143: But her my symplesse, al300 Arthour and M.i 167.5920: So aruwe of with Argus nat d e e r eied. cl450 Pilgrimage LM bowe ich forth glod. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 117[25-6]. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 85.22: 207.159: As a fleand arrow to land glaid. See Havynge moo eyes than Argus. MED Argus; F288. NED Argus 1; Oxford 184; Taylor and Whiting A189 To pierce like an Arrow 9; Tllley E254. cl440 Scrope Epistle 56[6]: An evil kepte tong A181 As black as (any) Amement (ink) . . . perchith as an arwe. al300 Alisaunder 341.6408: Eighen hij han so A190 To run like an Arrow arnement. cl330 Seven Sages A 132.2765-6: A С1385 Chaucer TC iv 1548-9: And thow, Symois, garnement, Ase blak ase ani amement. See 143. that as an arwe clere Thorugh Troie rennest. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa C5'I1.27-9]: A182 The Arrow often hits the shooter alSOO Hill 129.27: Often times the arow hitteth For he (the Tigris) rennyth streyghtly and the shoter. Apperson 16; Tilley A324. See D22. sharply as it were an arowe. Cf. Apperson 605; Taylor and Whiting 9; Tilley A321. See Q7. A183 An Arrow that is shot must be fended off A191 To shoot like an Arrow from a bow or fled (varied) cI300 South English Legendary II 706.257: And al338 Mannyng Chronicle Al 407.11639-40: An as an arwe sehet of a bowe that bodi sehet ther arewe that ys schoten, ye se, Eyther bihoves hit men fendit or fle. cl450 Merlin II 641 [19-20]: inne. For he that seeth the arow comynge he ought to A192 To spring like an Arrow from a bow blenche that he be not smyten. See S845. al300 Alisaunder 289.5530: Als arewe of bowe forth he sprang. A184 As piercing as Arrows 1484 Caxton Royal Book РГ[23-4]: Tongues A193 Arse over head . . . more percyng than arowes. C1400 St. Anne(l) 71.2721: Thai welterd all ars over hede. See H323. A185 As sharp as an Arrow a1400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley A194 As a man wipes his Arse he does nothing MS. 44.607-8: In this world (is) noon so scharp else arowe As was the turment. Taylor and Whiting 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 8[4-5]: As a man 9. wypyth his ars he doth nothing ellys. A186 As swift (swiftly) as an Arrow A195 As true as one's Arse makes music aSOO Riming Poem in Exeter Book 168.72: {эоппе C1420 Wyntoun IV 142.173^: I trow he dois flanhred dseg. 1340 Ayenbite 66[10-2]: The na mare sic thing Than myn eris can musik tonge . . . more zuyfter thanne arwe vlyinde. sing. cl450 Alphabet I 26.8-9: It is als trew at al387 Higden-Trevisa I 65[18-9]: As swiftliche Genulphus duse meracles as it is at myne ars as an arwe to a manis sight. cl395 Chaucer CT syngis. Whiting Scote I 132. IV[E] 1672-3: Thanne shal youre soule up to hevene skippe Swifter than dooth an arwe out A196 A naked Arse cannot be robbed 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 9[20]: A nakyd of a bowe. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ars no man kan robbe or dispoyle. See B528. Gg3''[2.1-2]: Tigris is the moost swyftest beste in flyght as it were an arow. cl400 Vices and A197 An open Arse has no lord Virtues 64.2-3. al475 Mergarete 239.393: And 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[4-5]: An opyn some are suyfter than an arow. 1503 Dunbar arse hath no lord.

Α2Ί6

15

Aspen

A198 To gape and grin like the Arse of a squirt- A206 As wan as Ashes al450 Partonope 421.10165-6: Chonged hir ing hen al500 Colyn Blowbol 104.284-5: And they fressh colour rede Into . . . wanne as asshes whiche also both gape and gren Like the (ars) dede. aI500 Court of Love 435.996: With colour slain, and wan as assh(es) pale. of a squirtyng hen. A207 I proud and you proud, who shall bear A199 The Artificer talks of his craft al449 Lydgate WorU in MP II 844.17: Off his the Ashes out? 1549 Heywood D 38.104: I proud, and thou crafft talkyth the artiflceer. proud, who shall beare thashes out. Apperson A200 Sudden Ascending suddenly declines 604; Oxford 312; Tilley A341. aI439 Lydgate Fall II 552.2910: Sodeyn ascendyng doth sodenli declyne. See C296. A208 To be Hke Ashes cl375 Chaucer Anel. 173: Other colour then A20I To fall like an Ash (tree) al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 435.12437-8: asshen hath she noon. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I When he fel, he gaf a lasche As wyth a blast 23.20-1: His face was lyke unto asshen. had falle an asche. A209 The treasure of Asia cl390 Of alene Maydenhod 468,115: And al the A202 As cold as Ashes cI385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1301-2: So woodly that tresour of Asye. See C295. he lyk was to biholde The . . . asshen . . . colde. A210 As dizzy (fell, deaf) as any Ask (lizard) al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 392. eI420 Wyntoun III 150.1974 (var.)·. Mar dessy 232: Now colde as asshes dede, al420 Troy II than ony ask, 1980: Mare fell than ony ask, 522.4439-40: That Troilus wexe in hir herte as 151.1974: Mar def than ony as(k). colde, With-oute fire as ben these asshes olde, III 671.3641. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 35.7: I wex A21I Ask and have cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 72.302: Aske and have. colde as asshes. MED asshe n.(2) 3. Tilley A343. A203 As dead as Ashes cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1301-2: So woodly that A212 He that Asks receives he lyk was to biholde The . . . asshen dede, clOOO WSG Luke xi 10: ^ I c {)ara se bitt cl386 LCW 2649: Ded wex hire hew, and lyk onfehö; and se Ôe secÖ, he fint. cl395 WBible an ash to sene, cl390 CT VI[C] 209: And with a Luke xi 10: For ech that axith, takith, and he face deed as asshen colde. aI405 Lydgate Black that sekith, fyndith. Cf. Tilley S213. See S136. Knight in MP II 392.222: The dedely face lyke A213 To Ask for what never was is a fool asking asshes in shynyng, al420 Troy I 191.1644: But al300 Tristrem 38.1360-4: To aski that never of hewe as any asche deed, II 514.4167: And he of colour liehe to ashes dede. cl477 Caxton no wes. It is a fole askeing Bi kinde: It is a Jason 156.1: He . . . becam . . . dede as asshes. selli thing. For no man may it finde! MED asshe n.(2) 3. A214 He that Asks foolishly must be warned (denied) hastily A204 As faint as Ashes al400 Romaunt В 2603-4: Whoso askith folily, cl400 Alle owr mischevis in PMLA 54(1939) 385.14-5: Ffor owr kynde is fer more feynt He mot be warned hastily. Than askis ben qwan fyr is qweynt.

A215 A busy Asker shall speed (succeed) al513 Dunbar Dream 129.81-2: Ane besy askar A205 As pale as Ashes soonner sail he speid Na sail twa besy servandis 01385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1364: His hewe falow and pale as asshen colde. al387 Higden-Trevisa out of dreid. I 123[6]: Pale as asshes. aI450 Generydes A A216 To quake (etc.) Hke an Aspen leaf 223.7248. al450 Partonope 257.6654: His Col- cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1200: Right as an aspes oure is lyke the pale asshe, 292.7401: And leef she gan to quake, cl386 LGW 2648: And now is pale as asshen dede, 421.10166. cl477 quok as doth the lef of aspe grene, cl395 CT Caxton Jason 156.1, 1490 Eneydos 110.18-9. III[D] 1667: That lyk an aspen leef he quook cI499 Skelton Bowge I 41.293. al500 Alexander- for ire. al400 Ipomadon A 192.6727, 196.6871: Cassamus 67.373. 1525 Berners Froissart IV As an aspenleff she shoke. cl400 Brut I 75.35-6: 142[9]. Apperson 482; MED asshe n.(2) 3; Svar- And than shal tremble the lande . . . as an aspe tengren 235-6; Taylor and Whiting 10; Tilley lef. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 71.1954: With A339. hert as tremblyng as the leef of aspe. al425

Aspy

16

A217

Niœd.{l) (Add.) 1772 (from MED). al449 Lyd- A225 A crowned Ass is more to be dreaded than a lion gate See Myche in MP II 800.9: Movynge and clappyng lyke the leffe of aspe. 1449 Metham al439 Lydgate Fall I 206.237-8: Men sholde 61.1654-5: Than evyn as an espys lef doth off resoun dreede a leoun lasse Than the reudschake Ayens the wynd, ryght so than dyd he. nesse off a crownyd asse, II 546.2677-9, al449 c l 4 7 5 Mankind 27.727: My body tirtrymmelyth Look in MP Π 767.69-70: As asse, up reysed as the aspen lefFe. Apperson 18; MED aspe unto the roial see Off a leoun, knowith nat day 2(a); Oxford 15; Svartengren 382-3; Taylor and fro nyht. Mesure in MP II 773.33-4: A crownyd Whiting 10; Tilley L140. See L146. asse rude, that can no goode. That wylle play a countarffetyd lyon. See K60. A217 Aspy (find out) before you speak al400 Proverbü of Wysdom 245.61: A-spye well, Α22β He seeks for the Ass he sits on ore thou speke. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 81[16-7]: Thou art lich him that sit on his asse and yit seecheth it over A218 As dull as an Ass al. Oxford 403: mare; Whiting NC 427: horse. c l 2 0 0 Orm I 128.3714-5: Withth mannkinn

thatt wass stunnt, and dill, And skillass swa A227 Like an Ass to the harp summ asse. cl405 Mum 36.294: As dui as an с1380 Chaucer Boece i pr. 4.2-3: Artow like an asse. cI412 Hoccleve Regement 139.3864: I am asse to the harpe? cl385 TC i 731-5; Or artow as . . . dulie as is an asse. 1422 Yonge Goverlik an asse to the harpe. That hereth sown naunce 212.5-6. al439 Lydgate Fall III 676.52, whan men the strynges plye, But in his mynde 1439 St. Albon 157.1727: О folysshe asses dull of that no melodie May sinken hym to gladen, of discretion. al500 Court of Love 422.477: And for that he So dui ys of his bestialite? al410 not to wander lich a dulled ass. al500 О man Lydgate Churl in MP II 480.274-5: To heeryn a more 395.53. 1509 Fyftene Joyes D2''[15]: For wisdam thyn eris ben half deeff, Lik an asse that he as harde and dull is as an asse. 1509 Watson listeth on a harpe, 482-3.339-40: I told hym Ship 1Г[7]. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 151.158: Or mad that bryngith foorth an harpe, Ther-on to forto drowp lyke a fordullyt ass. c l 5 1 6 Skelteche a rude, for-dullid asse. 1410 Walton Boeton Magnificence 43.1386: They drove me to thius 29[13-4]. 1509 Barclay Ship II 257[14]: lernynge lyke a dull asse. MED asse 1(c); Tilley The swete Cymball is no pleasour to an asse. A348; Whiting Drama 304.10. 1509 Watson Ship Dd4''[l-2]: These fooles here wyll do also well as the asse playenge on the A219 As free bom as a wild Ass c l 4 2 2 Hoccleve Leme to Die 187.242: But heeld cymbales. Apperson 18-9; MED asse 1(c); Oxford 16, 608: sow; Tilley Α366. See F402, 074, my self free bom as a wylde asse. S972. A220 As lewd {ignarant) as an Ass c l 4 0 0 Beryn 77.2538: I wer lewder then an A228 Shear Ass and scrape ass, etc. asse. c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve Regement 139.3864: I am c l 2 5 0 Hendyng О 199.44: Sher asse and shrap as lewed . . . as is an asse, 1415 Oldcastle III asse, ne bringest thou nevere asse to gode 19.352. c l 4 I 5 Middle English Sermons 196.31-2. rodehorse. Kneuer 61-2; Schleich 276; Singer III 141. Cf. Apperson 19: Ass's head; Oxford 693; A221 As naked as an Ass Tilley A370. See 0 7 1 . c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 59.1893: Nowe hath he ryght nought, naked as an asse.

A222 As rude as an Ass al449 PLydgate Evil Marriage in MP II 458.62: She makith hir husbond rude as a dui asse. 1456 Hay Governaunce 157.23: Sum man rude as ane as. A223 As slow as an Ass c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary as an asse.

A229 To be like an Ass c l 3 8 0 Chaucer Boece iv pr. 3.119: He lyveth as an asse. 1436 Libelle 5.83: He that seyth nay in wytte is lyche an asse. al475 Asneth 227.19-20: And as able ys the asse to danielis dremys. As the cukkou with crochetis ony countour to close. Whiting Ballad 26.

II 424.666: Slou A230 Where Asses get lordships there is seldom good rule 1481 Caxton Reynard 87[5-6]: Where as asses A224 An Ass in a hon's skin geten lordshippis there men see selde good 1484 Caxton Aesop 219-20: The fourthe fable is rewle. See C271. of the asse and of the skynne of the Lyon. Oxford 16; Tilley A351. A231 Without Assay (trial) no man is virtuous

A250

17

Αχ

al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 506.609: With- A242 To be more gracious than Augustus and outen assay no man is vertuous. See W484. better than Trajan al387 Higden-Trevisa V 13[13-5]: That yit in A232 Assay (test) and so approve 1449 Metham 148.14-5: Fyrste asay this tretys oure tyme me prayeth in plesynge of princes, and so appreve yt, quod Jon Metham. Cf. Oxford "More gracious mote thou be than evere was Augustus, and bettre than Traianus." Latin: 675. See M270, P429. Felicior sis Augusto, meliorque Trajano. A233 He seldom Aswinds (perishes) who thinks A243 (A)vail que vail of (trusts to) himself cl375 Barbour Bruce I 213.147: Thai wald deal200 Lawman II 328.17940-1: For selde he fend, avalye que valye. cl408 Lydgate Reson aswint, The to him seolve thencheth (B: tresteth). 55.2087: Vaylle or wher yt vaylle nought. al500 A234 Attemperance holds the mean Partenay 96.2672: Vail that vail might. 1513 cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 833; Attemperaunce, Douglas Aeneid III 5.167: Vail que vailye, that holdeth the meene in alle thynges. See 171.86, 282.129. NED Vail v.i 2d; Whiting Scote M454. I 133, II 147. A235 To dance Attendance A244 An Avaunter (boaster) and a liar are all cl522 Skelton Why Come II 46.625-6: And, syr, one ye must daunce attendaunce, And take pacient cI385 Chaucer TC iii 309: Avauntour and a sufferaunce. 1555 Heywood E 191.257: He lyere, al is on. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 46[2-3]: Be dauncth attendance. Apperson 134; Oxford 128; not . . . a vauntour ne lyar. al500 Court of Love 442.1240-2: Thus hath Avaunter blowen Tilley A392. every-where Al that he knowith, and more, a A236 A little Atter (poison) makes much sweet thousand-fold; His auncetrye of kin was to bitter Lière. Apperson 58; Oxford 685; Skeat 175; al225 Lambeth Homilies 23[19]; A lutei ater Tilley V19. bitteret muchel swete. Apperson 504; Oxford 509; Skeat 2. See G12. A245 Avows are common to all, but the hardest part lies in the achieving A237 To cast out as Atter cl400 Alexander Buik III 262.5477-9: The clOOO Coψus Christi Homily in Assmann 146.46: avowis ar to all men common, Bot yit, or all Of eowrum gebeorscipe awurpaÖ eall swa attor. the play be done. The hardest lyis at the eschevCf. Tilley P459. See VI8. ing. See B414. A238 Speak not where there is no Audience A246 Awe (and) law cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1047[В2237]: For Saloal415 Lanterne 70.9-10: Youre awe is lawe, who mon seith: "Ther as thou ne mayst have noon dar seie naye? 95.15-6: Hir owene children audience, enforce thee nat to speke," 2800-2 [B3990-2]: For certeinly, as that thise Clerkes waxen wilde and wantoune and wole nothir seyn, Whereas a man may have noon audience, take awe ne lawe. MED aue 3(e). Noght helpeth it to teilen his sentence. cl395 A247 Aweless, lawless WBible Ecclesiasticus xxxii 6: Where heryng is cl450 Rylands MS.394 99.11: Awghles, lawles. not, schede thou not out a word. See W493. A239 Aught (property) is good in need A248 As boring (piercing) as an Awl al500 Carpenter's Tools 84.127-8: Ffore, and a 1340 Ayenbite 66[10-2]: A feloun thet heth the man have ought before. When he has nede, it is tonge . . . more boryinde thanne zouteres eles. gode store. Cf. Tilley A395. cl400 Vices and Virtues 64.2-4: Than ben here tonges . . . more persynge than an al. 1484 A240 Aught is not the treasure of our elders, Caxton Royal Book F7^[23-4]. but the loan of God al300 Proverbs of Alfred 87 J 142-3: Ayhte nys A249 As meet as Ax to helve non ildre istreon (T: eldere stren) Ac hit is cl450 Capgrave Katharine 19.45-6: Al his noble godnes lone. See G334. werkys on to pees and love Were made as mete as ex on-to helve. See A254. A241 Where Aught is hidden, there is armth A250 The Ax is an informer, not a thief (poverty) enough al250 Proverbs of Alfred 114 Τ 412-3: For ther a700 Laws of Ine in Liebermann I 108.43[E]: hachte is hid, Ther is armthe inoch. Seo œsc biô melda, nalles öeof (Earlier in the

Αχ

18

Α25Ι

same Ыи>: Рофат{зе fyrbiÖ Jjeof ). Liebermann IIA254 To put the Ax in the helve 287, s.v. Anzeiger. See R219. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 363.410: But yit Cowde he not putten the Ex In the helve. MED ax(e) A251 To hang up one's Αχ (hatchet) n.(l) 2(b): "to solve a problem." See A249. cl250 Owl 56.658: Hong up thin ax! nu thu might fare! cl300 Robert of Gloucester II A255 To send the Ax after the helve 767.11770-1: He mighte segge wan he com, lute 1546 Heywood D 97.220: For here I send thaxe ich abbe iwonne. Ich mai honge up min ax, after the helve awaie. Apperson 632: Throw; febliche ich abbe agonne. cl300 South English Oxford 291: Helve; Tilley A411. Legendary II 482.156: Hi mighte honge up here axe, for lute hi hadde iwonne. al325 Sir Simon Ay, see Egg Fraser in Böddeker 134.230-1: Tprot, scot, for A256 Better is an Ay (egg) with este (pleasure) thi strif! Hang up thyn hachet ant thi knyf. than an ox with chest (strife) cl390 Sir Gawain 15.477: Now sir, heng up thyn cl250 Hendyng О 194.16: Betere is on ey with ax, that hatz innogh he wen. cl422 Hoccleve heste, then on oxe with eheste. Apperson 41; Dialog 136.736: Hange up his hachet and sette Kneuer 33-5; Schleich 257; Singer ΙΠ 131; him adoun. cl450 How mankinde dooth in Tilley E67. See M700. Fumivall Hymns 69.346: Hange up thin hachet and take thi reste. alSOO Hill 129.25: Whan A257 I can bring you from the Ay but not from the kind (nature) thow hast well don, hange wp thi hachet, aI250 Odo of Cheriton 181[10]: Of (eie) hi the 132.46. 1546 Heywood D 43.87: I have hangd up my hatchet, 1555 E 172.147. Apperson 289; brothte, of athele hi ne mythte (Vars. Of a ey hi ye brohte, of kynde i ne myche and Of on egge Oxford 275-6; Tilley H209. у the broughght, bytt of thy kynde у maye noghght); hoc est: De ovo te eduxi; de natura A252 To hold the Ax by the helve al450 Castle 153.2571-2: Resun wyl excusyn us non potui. Cf. Tilley N50. See K26. alle: He helde the ex be the helve. MED ax(e) A258 Not give an Ay n.(l) 2(b): "to be in control." cl400 Sowdone 80.2793: But thay with-in gafe not an Eye. A253 To put the Ax at the root (varied) clOOO WSG Matthew iii 10: Eallunga ys seo A259 Not worth an Ay aex to ôaera treowa wurtrumum asett. cl200 aI300 Tristrem 85.3167: This lond nis worth an Orm I 351.10063-4: Thatt axe shollde tha beon ay. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 181[8]. al400 sett Rihht att te treowwess rote. cl250 Hendyng О 200.47[4-6]: For ofte wen mon wenez best Rowlande 62.221-2. aI475 Talk of Ten Wives Lif and hele, ro and rest. The ax is at the rote. 33[15]: He is not worth a nay. alSOO Thre Prestís al325 M. Kildare Swet Jesus in Heuser 82[24-9]: 47.1078: It is nocht worth ane eg into his sieht. Riche man bethenche the, . . . Thou ne art bot a cl503 More Early Poems [12] A[7]: And all not brotil tre . . . The ax is at the rote. cl395 worth an egge. Apperson 458:36; Tilley E95. WBible Matthew iii 10: The ax is put to the A260 As blue as Azure roote of the tree. cl425 Orcherd 301.17-8: The al400 Julian Revelations 137[8]: The colour of axe of my rightwiisnesse is sett at the roote of his cloth was blue as azure. 1481 Caxton Mirror thi tree. MED ax(e) n.(l) 2(b). 118[11]: And the heven as blew as Azure.

в waie of a charme, To do me, not the more То know not a В from a bull's foot Legat Seimon 8.36-9: But tis peple good, but the lesse harme. Oxford 96; Tilley that tis prechlth, thow they vownd a bole-fot B17. See H67. writen in hir book, trast it wel ther-to, thei B6 To give (the) Back wolde tel it forth, and tat is for no-thing ellus al325 Cursor I 152.2499: The five gave bak to but wantyng of wit and of discreciun. 1402 Daw wine a-way, 258.4390: The mantel left, he gafe Tapias 57[13-5]: I know not . . . A b from a the bak. al400 Destruction of Troy 308.9474: bole fote, 84[6]: I knowe a b fro a bole fote. Thai were boim to gyffe bake, and the bent leve. Apperson 21; Oxford 346; Taylor and Whiting cl420 Wyntoun VI 57.4523: Tuk hail the flicht, 12: Buffalo's foot. Cf. Tilley B l . and gaf the bak. cl425 Avowynge 92[14-5]: And there mete hor sege brake, And gerut hom 3 2 As still as a Babe alSOO Stations 358.159: And he ley as a babe to giffe us the bake. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 33.32: Sum gave the bak, takand the flycht gude stylle. speid, 221.39, 253.11, 254.28, 272.106, IV 5.139, B3 Bachelors' wives and maids' children are 46.52, 47.75, 59.109, 94.104, 107.44, 119.66, well taught 125.107, 153.130. MED bak 6(c); NED Back 1546 Heywood D 78.16: Bachelers wives, and sb.i 24c. maides children be well tought. Apperson 21; Oxford 18; Tilley BIO. Cf. Taylor and Whiting B7 Not to know whether one goes Backward or forward 13. See B12, K66. 1457 Paston III 116[12-4]: My maister can not B4 One's Back is broad enough know wheder he go backward or forward till al470 Malory II 757.28-9: I may beare well the thys be doon, 117[10-1]: My maister shall nevere blame for my bak ys brode inowghe. Apperson know whethyr he goth bakward or forward. Cf. 21; Oxford 18; Tilley B13. NED Backward 5b. B5 To claw one's Back (i.e., to flatter) B8 As fat as any Bacon cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4326: For joye him cl450 Way to Jerusalem in S. Purchas Hakluythoughte he clawed him on the bak. cl395 tus Posthumus or Purchas his Pilgrimes (Glasgow, Pierce 14.365: Whou they (curry) kinges and her 1905) VII 536[2]: And faat as any Bacon. Svarback claweth. al475 Tume up hur halter in tengren 183. Rei. Ant I 77[16]: Thanke me, women, I claw your bakkis. cl500 Greene Carols 379.9: Cov- B9 Bag and baggage etyse so swetly there bakes dothe clawe, 419 В 1556 Heywood Spider 97[20]: At crevis, and 19: And c(l)awthe (Pbeat) her servantes abowte windowes, with bag and baggage, 355[2]. Taylor the bake, Yff to here they outhe had sayd. and Whiting 14. 1509 Barclay Ship I 105[22]: His maysters backe BIO To have a Bag full of wiles he must oft shrape and clawe, 211[27-8]: All al450 Gesta 371[19]: I have xviij'" (wiles) and a folysshe mockers I purpos to repreve, Clawe he bage full moo. NED Bag 17: tricks. his backe that felyth ytche or greve. 1546 Heywood D 36.49-50: I clawd hir by the backe in B l l The greater Bailiff the sorer his pain B1

C1400-25

19

Bairn

20

B12

1509 Barclay Ship II 279[18]: The greatter B19 Bale will blin (cease) (varied) al400 Alexander С 228.4160: As, be the bale Baylyf the sorer is his payne. nevir so breme it blynnes at the last. al425 Baim, see Child Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 28.6603-4: And in no B12 The Baim is eath (easy) to busk (dress) that poynt he is to prays That can not byde his bale to blyn. al500 Eger Η 283.1619-22: In world is unborn cl475 Henryson Fables 62.1764: The bame is there is no bale nor bliss. Or whatsoever that it is. But at the last it will overgang. Suppose eith to busk that is unbome. See B3. that many think it lang. See D340, M587, S798, B13 Bairns often make an ill ending for fault W430. of chastising cl450 Consail and Teiching 78.421-2: For fault B20 Be blithe in Bale, for that is (the) best of frendis chaistisinge Garrís bamis oft т а к ill remedy endinge. See Y1 cl475 Henryson Fables 21.521: Be blyith in baili, fior that is best remeid. B14 Young Baims learn at old men's schools

cl500 King Hart 109.12: And bamis young suld B21 He that begins to brew Bale may conleme at auld mennis sculis. Whiting Scots I found himself 134. See C347, D298, S216. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 411.11763-6: So may bytide, then schal hym rewe That he bigan B15 "1 fear we part not yet," quoth the Baker this bale to brewe; and hit bytydes many to the pillory (varied) stoundes. That who so bygynneth, hym self aI325 Hail seint Michael in Heuser 157[13-6]: confoundes. See P232. Hail be ye bakers with yur lovis smale . . . To

the fair pillori, ich rede ye tak hede. 1546 HeyB22 When Bale is highest boot is nighest wood D 63.58-9: 1 feare we parte not yeet. (varied ) Quoth the baker to the pyloric. Apperson 23; cl225 Wohunge of Vre Laverà 277[13]: Bote Oxford 20; Tilley L171. ther the bale was aire meast, swa was te bote nehest. cl250 Hendyng О 193.13: There the B16 (As) unsure as a Balance 1509 Barclay Ship I 32[11]: Nowe up nowe bale is mest, there is the bote nest. cl250 Owl 58.685-8: For Aluered seide of olde quide. An downe unsure as a Balaunce. yut hit nis of horte islide: "Wone the bale B17 To hang in the Balance is alre-hecst, Thonne is the bote alrenecst," cl380 Chaucer Womanly Noblesse 18: Con60.697-700. cl300 South English Lengendary II sidryng eke how I hange in balaunce, al400 662.1573-4: Thare it was soth for wanne a man Romaunt В 5321: This love so hangeth in is in mest sor and teone Thanne is oure Loverd balaunce. al420 Lydgate Troy III 720.5348-9: is help next. cl385 Usk 81.142-4: Lo, an olde And yit 1 stonde of lif in iupartie, With-oute proverbe aleged by many wyse: —"Whan bale refut hanginge in ballaunce. aÌ437 Kingis Quair is greetest, than is bote a nye-bore." cl390 76.11ЦЗ]: Bot now thy mater so in balance Talkyng 38.13-4: For whon the bale was most. hangith. al439 Lydgate Fall I 86.3123-4: Al Then was the bote next. al400 Cursor I 280 F ertheli blisse dependith in a weer. In a ballaunce 4775-6. al400 Firumbras 15.423: Whenne bale onevenli hangyng. al500 His Mistress in Bobbins ys aldermest, bote ys ful hende. al400 Proverbis 155.10. MED hongen 8(d). of Wysdom 244.14: When bale is most, bote is nexte. al450 Audelay 212.44: When bale is hyest B18 After Bale comes boot cl250 Floris 110.821: Hu after bale hem com then bot may be. cl450 Chaunce 10.200-1: bote. cl350 Gamelyn 660.631: After bale cometh For when that most ys nede Than boote ys boote thurgh grace of god almight. al400 Alex- next. cl450 Douce MS.52 52.91. cl450 Fyrst thou ander С 242.4620: For eftir . . . bale blis us sal 90.129-30. cl450 Rylands MS.394 102.10. aperis. cl400 Beryn 118.3956: So aftir bale al475 Russell Boke 119.32. al500 Almyghty comyth bote. al425 Chester Plays II 431.113-4: god in Anglia 3(1880) 547.190: Wher bale ys After Bale Boot thou bringes. And after Teene moste, bote ys heste. alSOO Hichecoke This tyde Tydinges. al450 Generydes A 14.434: But Worlde 333.43-4. 1546 Heywood D 55.4: When aftre bale ther may come bote, 104.3328. cl455 bale is hekst, boote is next, 1555 E 196.287. Speculum Misericordie 943.106: Ffore after bale Apperson 60; Jente 7; Kneuer 35-6; Oxford 21; ther comyht bote. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 Schleich 256; Singer III 130; Skeat 83; Tilley 120.41: After bale (MS. bate) comyth bote. B59; Whiting Ballad 23, Drama 193. See B18, M313. Apperson 60; O φ r d 21. See B22, 463.

B34

21

B23 As hard as Baleen (whalebone) al350 Seege of Troye 97.1216-7: That al hard bycom his skyn Als eny balayn . . . to hewe in.

Balm

al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 768.117: Lat fais presumpcioun pley bal undir foote.

B29 To roll like a Ball cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2614: He rolleth under B24 As round as a Ball cl300 South English Legendary {Laud) 318.654: foot as dooth a bal. al437 Kingis Quair The eorthe a-midde the grete se ase a luy(te) bal 94.172[2]: That fro my quhele be rollit as a ball. is roimd. al400 Cursor I 38 F 521: His heved ys Whiting NC 365. rouned as a balle, a1400 Julian Revelations B30 To strike the Ball under the line 12[15]. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 169.1461: Hir 1549 Heywood D 51.340: Thou hast striken the moder fel doun as round as ony balle, 334.2244. ball, under the lyne. Apperson 24; Oxford 626; a1500 Beauty of his Mistress II in Robbins Tilley B62. 124.18: With pappes rounde as any ball. al500 Leconfield Proverbs 495[5]: The worlde is rounde B31 To trendle (roll) like a Ball lyke a ball. Taylor Comparisons 69; Tilley B61; al300 Richard 313.4534: That the hed trendelyd Whiting NC 365, Scots I 134. off as a bal. cl400 Laud Troy I 176.5954: Sehe . . . trendeles as doth a bal. B25 To chulle (kick) as a Ball (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) B32 To tum like a Ball al400 Grete ferly 67.16-7: And chulles hym as с1390 Chaucer Truth 9: In trust of hir that men don a balle That is casten fro hande to tumeth as a bal. cl390 Ever More Thank God hande. cl400 Laud Troy I 272.9217-8: He and of All in Brown Lyrics XIV 158.30: Heches his smot at him alle. As men smeten atte balle. tornyth as a ball. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom al475 Assembly of Gods 17.557: Walewyng with 244.33: The world tumythe, as a ball. cl400 hys wawes and tomblyng as a ball. alSOO Laud Troy I 176.5954. al420 Lydgate Troy I Beves 48 M 799-800: Men myght se over all 56.1506, 202.2027. al425 Deceit II in Robbins Hedys cirlyng as a ball. alSOO Octavian (NC) 100.2. cl430 Parliament of Birds 109[24]: In 140.1271-2: That the hedde fro the body wente. love to tume as a bal. al439 Lydgate Fall I As hyt were a balle. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 14.487, 201.43, III 953.1210: The wheel of For177.1065: Weake is thy promis revolving as a tune toumeth as a ball, al449 Consulo in MP II 753.84: Lyke sondry wedrys which tumyd as a ball. ball, aI449 Look in MP II 766.45. cl460 Take Good Heed in Robbins Historical Poems 207.28: B26 To have the Ball To your foos that be tumyng ever as a balle. cl400 Beryn 78.2580: They shull be behynd, al500 Leconfield Proverbs 485[39]. 1504 Hawes and wee shul have the ball. Example Aa5''[23]: Alway tumynge lyke to a ball. 1509 Barclay Ship I 187[16], 269[17]. 1555 B27 To lose the Ball in the (one's) hood al300 AUsaunder 345.6470-1: Ac arst many of Heywood E 157.68.7: Tumd round as a ball. his knighttes gode Loren the balles in the MED bal 1(a). hode. al300 Arthour and M} 14.393-4: Mani hert forles his blod And maní the bal up in the B33 To be but Ball Play hod. аХЗОО Richard 313.4551-2: Men off armes al200 Ancrene 95.22-4: Al the wa of this world the swerdes out breyde, Balles out off hoodes is ievenet to helle, aire leaste pine al nis bute soone thei pleyde. al325 Otuel and Roland bal plohe, 112.1-2: I the forme yeres nis bute 110.1648-9: That thay ne lore in that tyde. The balplohe. MED bal 3(b). balles in here hod. cl330 Tars 62.1216-7: He B34 As sweet as Balm schuld for-lesse that ich day, The hai (for bal) al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 383.26-7: up in the hode. cl400 Beryn 115.3860: And as The dewe . . . as eny baume suete, al449 Procesthey wold nat lese the ball wdthin hir hood, sion in MP I 39.106: With goostely fumys as a1460 Towneley Plays 20.388: I shrew thi ball any bawme so swoote. al450 Cometh nere ye under thi hode. al475 Seege of Troye 196 H folkes in Transactions of the Lancashire and 1378kl: And many on les the hert blode. And Cheshire Antiquarian Society 10(1892) 73.82: many on the ballis in the hode. al500 Gest of Swettur thanne bawme is thy swete lycore. Robyn Hode in Child III 74.364[l-2]: That he al475 Ludus Coventriae 58.18: That xal be ne shall lese his hede. That is the best ball in swettere than bawmys breth, 147.47. al500 his hode. MED bal 4; NED Ball 8. Beauty of his Mistress III in Robbins 126.5. al500 Kennedy 42.359. 1509 Barclay Ship II B28 To play Ball under foot

Banks

22

B35

221 [22]: Some shyne without: and as swete B45 To hill (cover, conceal ) as the Bark the tree bawme they smell. Svartengren 307. al350 Ywain 21.741-2: Als the bark hilles the tre, Right so sal my ring do the. Cf. Oxford 444: B35 Low Banks soon overflow Near; Tilley B83. clSOO Greene Carols 348.1: Banckes that lawe buthe sone overflowe. B46 Barking of hoimds may not (do) damage al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 209.7473-6: And off B36 To bear the Banner me thys wysdam lere, Berkyng off houndys for cl400 Of Clerks Possessioners in Wyclif EW to here, Yt may to the, by good suffraunce, 130[7-8]: Thes mendynauntis beren the baner Nouther damage nor do grevaunce. Jente 746; for sutilte. See B230, F316. Tilley B85. See C636, H561. B37 To be the Bar or beam in someone's eye 1556 Heywood Spider 329[3-4]: Ye are the B47 To have a Barley-hat on one's head principali bar: Or bearne, in their iyes. See al500 Colyn Blowbol 105.293-4: They that be manly in dronkenesse for to fyte, Whan one ther M710. hede is sett a barly-hate. NED Barley В 2, B38 To leap over the Bar Barley-cap, Barley-hood. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 8.255-6: Thou wadest nowe to farre, Thy selfe forgetting thou leapest B48 An old Bam would be underset (supported ) c l 5 I 6 Skelton Magnificence 15.454: An olde over the barre. bame wolde be underset. B39 As several as a Barber's chair B49 To bum one's Bam to kill the flies 1528 More Heresyes 230 G[10-l]: They bee yet cl400 Beryn 72.2349-54: But I fare like the man, as severall as a barbers chayre, and never take that, for to swele his vlyes He stert in-to the but one at once. Apperson 25; Oxford 105; Tilley bem, and aftir stre he hies. And goith a-bout the B73, 74. Wallis with a brennyng wase, "fyll it was atte B40 Some dear bought Bargains would be sold last, that the leem and blase Entryd in-to the Chynys, wher the whete was. And kissid so the good cheap evese, that brent was al the piase. Apperson 72; 1549 Heywood D 32.37: Som bargains deere Oxford 69; Taylor and Whiting 17; Tilley H752 bought, good cheape wold be sold. Oxford 22; (all mice). Tilley B81. B41 Such Bargains are bitter that have a bare B50 To thrash in (a woman's) Bam aI500 Ragman Roll 72.53: And whoo so lyst end may thressyn in youre beme. Apperson 627. al400 Destruction of Troy 82.2502: Soche bargens are bytter, that hafe a bare end. B5I As broad as a Bam Door aI400 Alexander С 250.4852: A blason as a B42 To buy a Bargain dearly beme-dure that all the body schildis. cl545 al352 Minot 23.64: All thaire bargan dere thai Heywood Four PP D3'[6]: Bendynge hys browes, boght. cl375 Si. Bartholomew 123.358: This as brode as bame durres. Taylor Comparisons bargan sal ful dere be boghte. al425 Christ's 16: big; Tilley B93. Testament in Vernon II 640.104. al450 York Plays 49.126: This bargan sail be bought. 1520 B52 After Barrat (trouble) or bale bliss appear^ Whittinton Vulgaria 100.13-4: That bargen al400 Alexander С 242.4620: Eftir baret or bale shall he bye full dere or we have done. MED blis us aperis. See B325, J61. bargain 3. B53 As great as a Barrel B43 One cannot both Bargain and buy all in cl477 Caxton Jason 177.13-4: And (the dead) one day were as grete as barellis. cl500 Melusine 297.4-5: 1525 Berners Froissart V 119[21-2]: We muste The tayll as grete and thykk as a barell. Taylor one tyme bargayne, and another tyme bye; we Comparisons 16; Whiting Drama 304:16, NC 366 can nat both bargayne and bye all in one day. (all big). See CI68. B54 Neither Barrel better herring 1500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 207[1]: NeyB44 To Bark before one does offence ther barrell better herring. 1546 Heywood D aI420 Lydgate Troy III 803.1063: He (Cerberus) 101.41: In neither barrell better hearyng. Apperberketh first or he do offence. Cf. Whiting JVC son 27; Oxford 24; Tilley B94. 365. See 8576.

867

23

B55 To be made like a Barrel cl450 Weddynge 248.242: And lyke a barelle she was made. B56 As mortal as a Basilisk 1512 Copland Helyas Β3··[20-1]: Matabrune began to caste an eye on her by a false and cursed regarde more morteli than of a Baselyske. MED basilisk; Tilley B99. B57 As big (great) as a Basin 1465 Leversege 24[11]; Gret eyn as they had byn ij basons. al533 Berners Huon 381.28-9: .II. eyen bygger then .ii. basyns ful of brynnyngs fyre, 427.18: His eyen as great as a basyn. B58 As broad as a Basin al225 St. Marherete 20.25-6: His twa ehnen . . . brade ase baseins. al500 Arthour and M.^ 344.1106: With eyghen brod (υατ. bryghes of eyghne) as a basyn deer. See S68. B59 As clear as a Basin al300 Arthour and Μλ 44.1490: The eighen so a bacine der. al425 Arthour and M} 344.1576. cl500 Arthour and Mß I 468.1499. B60 As yellow as a Basin aI400 PChaucer Rom. A 539-40: Hir heer was as yelowe of hewe As ony basyn scoured newe.

Battle

Laud Troy I 58.1941-3: But for batayles ben evere in doute. And er that it be brought aboute. No man wote who schapis the better, II 336-7.11420-2: Hap of ffyght is no certayn; No man wot how it schal schape, Who schal dye and who schal skape. al420 Lydgate Troy II 467.2537-40: Sith dotous ever is the fyn of fyght—Now up, now doun, now dirke, and after bright: For no wyght may ben ay victorious In pes nor werre, nor ylyche eurous. cl420 Wyntoun II 245.1377: Syn werde (var. ure) of batail (is) dowttousse. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 151.3659-60: For yif it be darreyned be bataylle, who tresteth most may ful likly faille. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 84.18-9: Al dedes of bataylle ben doon at alaventure, wherfore noon ought trust therto, 87.8-9: The falles and the adventures of the bataylles ben wondrefull and merveyllous. For hyt happeth at suche a tyme as god wylle helpe that one partye and nought that other. aI500 English Conquest 25[13-4]: The adventure of bataill ben ofte doutfull and mych uncertayn, 147.23: The unsure adventures of fyght And of battaylle. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 217.3: And quhou the chance of batale yeid al wrang, IV 78.105-6: Behald the chance of batale variabili, Persave of weir the fykkill ward onstabill. Smith 321; Tilley C223; Whiting Drama 281, Scots I 135. See C157, F139, 533, W39.

B61 As bare as a Bast (?mat) al400 Alexander С 70.1339: Als bare as a bast. al400 Destruction of Troy 155.4773: Till all was bare as a bast (see Notes 500). MED bast n.(l) Вв6 In Battle (war) no error may be amended 1340 Ayenbite 83[22-5]: Vor ase zayth the boc 2(b). of the art of knyghthod in othre quereles huanne me mysnymth hou thet hit by vounde myd B62 As dry as a Bast (rope) al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 399.14777: Dreye as amendement. Ac errour ine batayle ne may naght by amended vor hi is anon awreke. cl400 a bast, voyde off blood. MED bast n.(l) 2(a). Vices and Virtues 82.6-10. cl420 Wyntoun V B63 A Bastard (baby) of Beelzebub's kin (bower) 415.3531-6: And Caton sayis, on othir thynge al376 Piers A ii 100: A bastard i-boren of Belsa- Men may oft так a mendynge Qwhen men bubbes kunne. 1546 Heywood D 67.59: Ye be a trespassis; bot in feicht, Qwhen men rewllit ar baby of Belsabubs bowre. Apperson 34; Oxford noucht rieht. Men sal (it) noucht weil mende 18; Tilley B7. See D203. agayne, For in the nek folowis the payne. cl458 B64 Battle (War) without head is not well Knyghthode and Bataile 16.411-3: Caton the Wise seith: where as men erre In other thinge, (varied) al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 2[20]: For werre it may be wel amended; But emendatioun is withouten hede is not wele, we fynde. cl410 noon in werre. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 22.11-4: Lovehch Merlin I 174.6583-4: Here mown ye se For Cathon saith that of alle thynges the faultes that bataille With-owten hed may not be. cl450 may be amended, sauf such that be doon in Merlin I 92[20-l]: Now maist thow se that peple bataylles, of the whyche the payne ensieweth ne a-vaile not in bataile with-oute a gode lorde. anone the faulte. Cf. Oxford 692; Tilley W43. See H257, 362. B67 Of Battle (war) the final end is peace B65 Battles are ever in doubt (varied ) cl395 WBible II Kings xi 25: For the bifallyng (var. happe) of batel is dyverse, and swerd wastith now this man, now that man. cl400

(varied ) cl400 Cower Peace III 483.66: For of bataile the final ende is pees. 1401 Treuth, reste, and pes in Kail 12.88: And ende of batayle begynneth

Baffle

24

pes. 1436 Libelle 55.1090: The ende of bataile is pease sikerlye. cl470 Wallace 222.1315-8: Thus wysmen has ws kend, Ay efftir wer pees is the finali end. Quharfor ye suld off your gret malice ces; The end off wer is cheryte and pes. 1484 Caxton Aesop 43[5-6]: For after grete werre Cometh good pees. cl500 God Governs in Brown Lyrics XV 88.68-70: For after werr comyth pes and rest And often, for the gretter adverssite. After-ward the gretter prossperite. Oxford 692; Tilley W55; Whiting Scots II 149. See W37. B68 There is hard Battle where kin and friends battle al470 Malory III 1084.4-6: For hit ys an oldeseyde sawe, "there ys harde batayle thereas kynne and frendys doth batayle ayther ayenst other." B69 Not give a Bauble c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 186.6315-6: Thanne strok to Ector alle that rabel, But he yaff nought ther-of a babel. B70 To wear (bear) a Bauble 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 15.21: For his folysshenes he may were a bable. cl522 Skelton Speke II 21.422: He make(th) them to bere babylles. See F394.

B68

Rood on Baiard with his eyen blynde. 1449 Metham 9.237-8: But trwth ys seyd, biynd Bayard of no dowts doth purvey, Tyl he hath fallyn in the myd wey. al450 Audelay 44.952: Bot al blustyme furth unblest as bayard the blynd, 46.993, 145.381: I bluster forth as Bayard blynd. al450 Tottenham 993.92: May i mete with Bernard, on Bayard the blynde. cl450 When the son 390.235-6: As bayard the blynd trottyng on the Ise, When he is down ye japen merely. cl454 Pecock Folewer 33.36-34.1: Thou schalt as oft go undir bigilyngis as baiard goith undir the cartis thillyngis, or ellis thus, thou schalt be as oft bigilid as bayard gooth undir the carte to be thillid. al456 Of alle the crafftes in MLN 19(1904) 37[11]: Bothe Rudd and Goore and eke Bayard the blynde. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 4.21-3: And began boldly to renne forth as blynde bayard in thys presente werke. 1478 Stonor Letters II 54-5: I shall do lyke blynde byar, that is to s . . . (MS. defective). 1528 More Heresy es 244 A[13-4]: The harme that may growe by suche blynde bayardes. a1529 Skelton Gamesche I 123.101: Bolde bayarde, ye are to blynde. 1532 More Confutación 500 C[5-6]: Bee bolde upon it lyke blynde bayarde, 1534 Comforte 1142 FG: So foolish to putte their lyves in suche lewde and unlearned blynde bayardes handes. 1546 Heywood D 32.50: Who so bolde as blynde Bayard is, 1555 E 162.101. Apperson 28; MED baiard n.(l) (c); NED Bayard sb.i 2c, 3; Oxford 54; Skeat 288; Svartengren 112; Tilley B112; Whiting Drama 304:17, Scots I 135. See M654.

B71 As bold as blind Bayard (varied) cl380 Cleanness 34.886: That thay blustered as blynde as Bayard watz ever. 1384 Wyclif Church and her Members in SEW III 356[29-31]: And sith thes popis ben not hardy as blynde Bayard, thei moten seie that thei speken ofte with God, that techith hem that it mut be thus, and so B72 Beat not Bayard for birth or for brend (a brindle horse) thes popis mai not erre. al393 Gower CA III al450 Audelay 14.118-23: What was Abel the 202.1280-4: Bot as Baiard the blinde stede, Til he falle in the dich amidde. He goth ther worse thagh Kayme his borne broder Were cursid for his covetyse . . . Loke ye bete not noman wole him bidde; He stant so ferforth cut Bayard for bryd ne fore brend. MED birth 5, of reule, Ther is no wit that mai him reule. brend. (Do not punish Bayard for something not cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 1413-6: Ye been as his fault.) boold as is Bayard the blynde. That blondreth forth, and peril casteth noon. He is as boold to renne agayn a stoon As for to goon bisides in the B73 To lead Bayard from (keep B. in) his stable cl400 Beryn 96.3183-4: Fftil trewe is that weye. C1400-25 Legat Sermon 7.29-30: For, byword, "a man to servesabill Ledith offt(e) aftur the comen sawe, ther is non so bolde as is beyard from his owne stabili." 1546 Heywood D blind bayard. al420 Lydgate Troy I 280.4731-2: 56.30-1: Their landlorde came to their house But ben as bolde as Baiard is, the blynde. That to take a stresse For rent, to have kept Bayard cast no peril what wey(e) that he fynde, III in the stable. Apperson 28; Oxford 330; Tilley 873.3506-7: For blind Baiard cast pereil of no thing. Til he stumble myddes of the lake, al439 B i l l . Fall II 636.1828-9: Ther hasti deemyng so besB74 Be as be may (is no banning) tial is and dull. On blynde Baiard thei braiden cl386 Chaucer LGW 1145: Be as be may, I take at a pull, с1440 Debate in MP II 549.234-5: of it no cure, 1852, cl390 CT VII 2129[В3319]: Whan the famous worthi Duke of Clarence Be as be may, I wol hire noght accusen. с 1400

Ъ92

25

Bean

Beryn 102.3389. 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie B85 Not count a Bean 34.289: Be as be may, no more of this as now. c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC ν 363: God helpe me so, I al450 Seven Sages В 19.543: And by than as counte hem nought a bene! aI390 Seldom sene hit may. al470 Malory I 294.20. cl475 Mankind 716.43-4: Sum tyme thei counted nought a Bene 22.577. 1523 Skelton Garlande 1 417.1415: But Beo al ffraunce. c l 3 9 0 PChaucer M erales Beante yet for all that, be as be may, al529 Elynour 1 29: I counte him not a bene, 39. al400 Piers В 103.261: Be that as be maye. 1546 Heywood D iii 141 [var. from MED bene (1) 2(b)]: She 60.62: Be as be maie is no bannyng, 1555 E counteth noght a bene. cl450 Capgrave Katha190.252. Apperson 28; Oxford 25; Tilley B65. rine 386.1468: Thi witte counte I not worth a beene. B75 Better not to Be than not to be well cl450 Douce MS.52 46.24: Hit is better not to B86 Not give a Bean be; than not to well be. Prestai non esse, quam сХЗОО Beves 36.744: Thar of ne yef he nought a non feliciter esse. cl450 Rylands MS.394 97.28: bene. cI330 Floris (Auchinlech) 55.878. aI400 RoThen to not well be. Walther III 928.22229a. maunt С 6464. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy II 515.17505-6: I yeve right not of alle his tene. Not the value B76 Holy Bead ( prayer) breaks a bond that the of a bene. right hand may not al350 Magdalen MS.27 in H. O. Coxe Catalogue B87 Not praise a (three) Bean(s) Codicum MSS. (Oxford, 1852) Π ii 18: Holy cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1854: She preyseth nat Bede breket bond. That ne mai, the rith hond. his pleyyng worth a bene. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 84[12-3, var. from p. 248, s.ü. verres]: 1 preyse B77 To unfold a Bead-roll not thi woordes ne thi dedes at thre benes. 1546 Heywood D 80.3: But now am I forst, a 1509 Fyftene Joyes E6'"[29]: For she his dede not bead roule to unfolde. prayseth worthe a bene. B78 As bright as Beams B88 Not reck a Bean al400 Northern Verse Psalter I 165 (50.20): And c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A]: 3772: This Absolon ne bigged be thai, bright als bem, 199 (64.2): And roghte nat a bene, I1[B] 94: I recche noght a to the, bright als bem, II 67 (115.19). al450 bene, VII 2814[В4004]. cl412 Hoccleve RegeThree Middle English Sermons 43.713-4: Eghen ment 86.2383: Be his day kept, he rekketh nat a . . . as brith as bemis of the sunne. MED bem bene. 7(f). B89 Not set a Bean B79 To shine like Beams al450 York Plays 296.105: And saie hym a al400 Ipomadon A 123.4267: Hit shone as borowed bene sette 1 noght be hym. al513 Dunbeymes bryghte. bar General Satyre 152.28: That all the lawis ar B80 Dear of (at) a bored Bean not sett by ane bene, Of Luve 103.57-8. 1513 Douglas Aeneid 11 151.155: Haldand opynB90 Not tell (count) a Bean yon deyr of a boryt beyn. DOST Bene. cl330 Times of Edward II (Bodley) 180.96: B81 A Bean in a monk's hood Noman teilet be trewthe more than of a bene. 1546 Heywood D 79.56: And she must syt like a aI400 Floris 96.760: Of his lyf tolde he not a beane in a moonkes hood, 1555 E 177.177: A beene. beane in a monkes whood, very good. Here is the beane, but where is the whood. Apperson B91 Not the better of a Bean c l 4 0 5 Mum 17.151: And not the better of a 29; Oxford 25; Tilley B117. bene. B82 Not avail a Bean 1413 PHoccleve De Guilleville Poems Iii 39: And B92 Not worth a Bean alle my witte availeth not a beane. al440 Burgh c l 3 0 0 Robert of Gloucester II 703.10223: Lete Cato 318.608: To reden hem availeth not a been. abbe ir franchise and al nas wurth a bene. c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary I 132.102: Al nis worth B83 Not base ( lower) a Bean a bene, 134.154, 240.64. c l 3 5 0 Times of Edal400 Alexander С 148.2567: Yit was the berne ward Π (Peterhouse) 22[6-7]: Ther is no rych noght a bene baist of his wordis. man that dredeth God The worth of a bene. cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1167: Swiche argumentes B84 Not bid a Bean ne ben naught worth a beene, c l 3 9 5 CT IV[E] al375 William 151.4754: I ne bidde nought a 1263. al387 Higden-Trevisa V 337[18-9]: He bene worth.

Bean

26

B93

were of false byleve that trowede that that B99 As rough as (a, any) Bear(s) argument were worth a bene. al400 Ipo- al300 Alisaunder 301.5760: And wymmen as madon A 178.6238. 1410 Walton Boethius beres rowe, 323.6114: Rugh hi] waren als a 116[1Θ], 299[21]. al450 Pety Job in Kail 131.333. bere, 331.6251, 337.6358: Als beres (L bores) al460 Towneley Plays 274.527. cl499 Skelton hij been rughye. al400 Alexander С 227.4126: Bowge I 34.95. al500 Court of Love 430.796. And roghe as a bere. al420 Lydgate Troy I al508 Dunbar Tretis 88.128: And may nought 367.7801: Of skyn was . . . rowe as enybere. 1481 beit worth a bene in bed of my mystirs, al513 Caxton Mirror 84[29-30]: Men and wymmen Twa Cummeris 84.23. 1546 Heywood Ό 40.189: alle naked and also Rowhe as beeres, cl489 Beggyng of hir booteth not the woorth of a Aymon I 117.21-2: They were as roughe as beane, 1555 E 167.128(2).3. Apperson 456; Tilley beres that ben famysshed. cl505 Watson ValenB118; Whiting Drama 334:392, Scots I 135. tine 38.19: He was also rough as a beere, 96.2. al529 Skelton Garnesche 1 117.23: Hys basnet routh as a bere. al533 Berners Huon 489.29. B93 To lay (wager) a Bean cl378 Piers В xi 165: "Lawe with-outen love," Whiting NC 366. quod Troianus, "leye there a bene." BlOO As slow as a Bear 1422 Yonge Governaunce 212.4-5: Slow as a B94 To take a Bean for a pease al393 Gower CA III 67.4408-9: He wol ayein- bere. cl450 Secrete of Secretes 35.20-1: Hevy ward take a bene, Ther he hath lent the smale and slowe as a bere. pese. Apperson 487; Oxford 492. Cf. Tilley B116. ΒΙΟΙ The Bear thinks one thing, but his leader thinks another (varied) Bear, sb. с 1385 Chaucer TC iv 1453-4: For thus men B95 As black as a Bear seyth, "that on thenketh the beere. But al cl330 Seven Sages A 132 B[2-3]: He made a another thenketh his ledere." cl450 Rylands garment for hym As blak as any beres skyn. MS.394 109.24: The berewarde and the bere cl350 Libeaus 76 (var. 1368): He was blake as thenken not alle on. Apperson 30; Oxford 477; any bere. al420 Lydgate Troy I 367.7801: Of Tilley H667. skyn was blak . . . as eny bere. cl425 Avowynge B102 Like a Bear to the stake 59[2]: And ther-to, blake as a bere. al400 Lamentado sancii Anselmi in Leeds StudB96 As boistous (rough) as a Bear (etc.) (A num- ies in English 3(1934) 35.173-5: Thow schalt ber of single quotations are brought together Stande as bere at stake, Ffor sorwe to swelle here) and nevere to swage, Thow schalt be beytyd as cl400 Plowman's Tale 151.139: As boystous as is a bere. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 337[3-4]: And bere at bay. al425 Bodley MS.95 f.41 in Owst thus it is a foule thing to be led as a bere to a Literature 312: He is blind as a bere. al425 stake. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 474.131-2: Governance of Lordschipes 104.11: Wayk and And hath no fredam . . . To gon at large, but sleuthful as Bere. cl450 Capgrave Katharine as a bere at stake. cl450 Chaunce 15.354: Ye 379.1244: Venemous in anger was he as a bere. be to thryve as lothe as bere to stake. cl500 1456 Hay Governaunce 157.20: Lythir and Lancelot 100.3384-6: As at the stok the bere hevy, sucre (slothful) as a bare. 1480 Caxton Snybbyth the hardy houndis that are ken. So Ovyde 131[13-4]: More cruel than a beer new farith he. 1509 Watson Ship Bb2"'[8]: Bynde fawned. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 27.800: This the as a bere unto a stake. 1546 Heywood D tiran is feller then a bere. Cf. Taylor Compari- 34.33-4: I shall nedes this viage make, With as good will as a beare goth to the stake. Apperson sons 30-1; Taylor and Whiting 19. 30; Oxford 26; Tilley B127. See 8664. B97 As fouly (ugly) as a Bear al400 Morte Arthure 32.1089: And the flesche in В103 Like a (she-) Bear whose whelps have his fortethe fowly as a bere. MED fouli (b). Cf. been ravished cl395 WBible Proverbs xvii 12: It spedith more Whiting NC 366: ugly. to meete a femal bere, whanne the whelpis ben B98 As handsomely as a Bear picks mussels ravyschid, than a fool tristynge to hym silf in 1546 Heywood D 27-8: Eche of his jointes his foli, Hosea xiii 8: Y as a femal bere, whanne against other justles, As handsomly as a beare the whelps ben ravyschid, schal mete hem. picketh muscles. Apperson 29; Oxford 26; Tilley al450 Gesta 366[19-20]: As a bere whos whelpes B126. are taken awaye, that of grete Ire spareth no

B77Ó

27

Beard

beste. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 83.1-3: 1 shal come В109 To Bear one well ageynst them as a she bere whiche hath lost cl450 Douce MS.52 48.44: Thow hast bore the welle. Tu bene gessisti seu te bene nunc her whelpes. See L367, T293. habuisti. cl450 Rylands MS.394 97.8M3. B104 To be baited as a Bear cl400 Plouman's Tale 167.648: He shal be BllO A bare Beard will soon be shaved al475 Good Rule in Brown Lyrics XV 265.49-50: baited as a bere. 1522 Skelton Why Come 11 A bare berde vs^l sone be shave Ther no here 36.304: He bayteth them lyke a bere. is lefte Aboute {Rei. Ant. 1 75[2]: Ther as ys В105 To bind Bears but lyttyl here abut). Apperson 23-4; MED berd с1390 Think on Yesterday in Brown Lyrics XIV n.(l) 4b; Oxford 20. 144.53-4: Ne non so stif to stunte ne stare, Ne non so bold Beores to bynde. cl420 Wyntoun B i l l Long Beard(s) heartless, etc. VI 341.989-90: Lettande that he sulde beris cl400 Brut I 249.31-2: Longe berde hertbynde, And he mycht on feylde the Scot- les, peyntede Hode witles. Gay cote graceles, tis fynde. cl440 Lydgate Debate in MP 11 maketh Engl(i)sshemen thriftles. cl500 Fabyan 5в2.Й8-50: Som man is strong, hardi as a Leoun 440[3-6]: Long beerdys hartles, Paynted hoodys To bynde Beeris or Booris to oppresse, Wher-as wytles, Gay cotis graceles Mak)^ Englande anothir hath gret discrecioun. 1464 Hardyng thryfteles. Apperson 378; Oxford 380; Tilley 74[21]: Then canne a lorde, though he may B145. beres bynde. al475 Ludus Coventriae 326.1607: B112 Maugre {despite) one's Beard With mede men may bynde berys. al513 ?Dun- al350 Ywain 21.783: Here sal thou be mawgre bar Manere of the Crying 170.7-8: That with thaire berd. al420 Lydgate Troy II 426.1084: the strenth of my hand Beres may bynd. 1523 Despit his berd, and maugre his power. cI440 Skelton Howe the Douty Duke II 74.208-9: And Charles of Orleans 130.3877: Maugre thi berd. MED berd n.(l) 4a(d); NED Beard le; Whiting full of waste wynde, Howe ye wyll beres bynde. MED ber(e) n.(l) 1(d); Tilley B134; Whiting Drama 334:394. Drarrui 335:402, Scote 1 136. ВИЗ To bay at one's Beard al450 York Plays 323.88: Late bryng hym to В106 To roar like a Bear al375 OctavianiS) 54.1739: That he ne rorede barre, and at his berde sail we baye. as a bere. cl380 Chaucer HF 1589: That they В114 To be in one's Beard gonne as beres rore. al393 Gower CA II 134.160. cl450 Gest ofRobyn Hode in Child III 60.91[1]: cl395 WBible Isaiah lix 11. al400 Stanzaic Life "Thou arte ever in my berde," sayd the abbot. 328.9708: And as beeres romeon(?). al500 GreNED Beard le. gorius 115 R 292: That he gan roren as a bere. Whiting Ballad 26. B115 To cast (put) in one's Beard al440 Burgh Cato 320.721-2: Wedde nat a wiffe В107 To sweep {drive together) as Bear does for hir inheritaunce, For she wol caste it wel oft sheep (etc.) (A number of single quotations are in thy berde. 1464 Paston IV 91[4-5]: Thi brought together here) (They) putt my kynne in my berd, seyinge, I al300 Richard 438.7005-6: And with hys ax am come of lordys. MED berd n.(l) 4a(c); NED doun he sweepe Off the Sarezynys as bere doth Beard le. scheepe. cl330 Gregorim 115 A 620: That he groned (V grunte) as a bere. al400 Ipomadon A B116 To make one's Beard 9.208: Here I lye as bere in denne, 169.5902: As cl380 Chaucer HF 689-91: And moo berdys in bere ay was he boune, 230.8062: As a bere. two houres Withoute rasour or sisoures Ymad, cl400 Laud Troy 1 236.8013: Thei blew and then greynes be of sondes, cl390 CT I[A] cried—as wilde bere brayes. clSOO Lancelot 4096-7: Yet kan a millere make a clerkes berd. 98.3331: He farith as . . . о beyre. 1509 Watson For al his art, cl395 111[D] 361. cl400 Beryn Ship Dd5''[31]: Slepynge lyke beres. cl515 Bar- 15.436: But who is, that a womman coud nat clay Eclogues 140.17: Hobled as a beare. make his berd, 16.485: 1 trow my berd be made, 20.622: For makeing of his berd. cl425 Hoccleve Bear, vb. Jonathas 231.433. cl450 Duke of Suffolk in Wright Political Poems 11 225[15]. cl450 Idley BIOS Bear with those who bear with you 1546 Heywood D 89.37: Beare with them, that 87.409: Ffor he woll softly make thy berde. cl450 Ponthus 97.30. al460 Towneley Plays beare with you. Apperson 30; Tilley B136.

Beard

28

8777

171.188-9: Might I thaym have spyde, I had B120 To tum again (back) the Beard made thaym a berd. al475 Assembly of Gods cl330 Otuel 108.1464-6: Traitours toumeth 49.1657: That he made her beerdyd on the new ayein the bard, Toumeth ayein alle with me. gete. al500 Piers of Fullham 4.46-7: Thus And we wole make the freinche fle. MED berd berdes byn made al day full feele Wyth anglers. n.(l) 4a(b). 1525 Berners Froissart IV 113-4: Joselyn, that B121 To wipe from one's Beard shall make youre beerdes without any rasoure. el400 Beryn 110.3658: Ffor I can wipe(n) al this MED berd n.(l) 4a(b); NED Beard le. pie claen(a) from yaur bard. B117 To meet (etc.) in the Beard al338 Mannyng Chronicle В 207[16]: The cuntre sone he fond in his berd redy ran. al352 Minot 14.95-6: When that he trowed no harm him till. And keped him in the berde. cl380 Ferumbras 98.3066: The(y) mette hem in the berde. cl385 Chaucer TC iv 41-2: And in the berd, withouten lenger lette, Hire fomen in the feld anon hem mette. cl390 Cod man and devel 339.394-5: Alle men of the thenne schule be fert That bifore wolde mis-seye the in thi bert. al400 De Pseudo-Freris in Wyclif EW 297[ 19-20]: Shulden reprove hem in here beard. cl400 Laud Troy I 41.1383-4: And каре him evene in the berd. For he was nought of him aferd. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 148.4100-1: Largesse wolde he with shelda and spare Even in thi berde. al420 Lydgate Troy 1 324.6283-4: Proudly in the berde With hem to mete were no thing a-ferde, 373.8005, II 409.514-5: But liehe a knyght, evene a-fom his berd, He gan prese in, 427.1138, 429.1203, 441.1627, 468.2580, 493.3449-50, Ш 683.4044: And gan to hurtle with him in the berde, cl421 Thebes 160.3906. cl477 Caxton Jason 106.18-9: He cam and put him tofore the berde of the knight Fletheris. cl500 Lancelot 102.3469. MED berd n.(l) 4a(c); NED Beard la. B118 To shake one by the Beard cl330 Times of Edward II {Bodley) 178.36: Yif symony myghte mete hym with, he wold schak hym be tha bard, 191.342. al352 Minot 11.28-30: The right aire of that cuntre Es cuman, with all his knightes fra: To shac him by the berd. al500 Dégrevant (Cambridge): 55.835: I shal schak hym by the berd. See B286.

B122 In good Bearing begins worship cl350 Good Wife E 158.17: In thi god beringe biginnet thi wrschipe, alSOO N 210.19-20: For after thy bering. So shall thy name spring. Apperson 257; Oxford 250. B123 To bare (roar) like a Bear Whelp al390 Mary and the Cross 619.277: Bearynge as a Baora whelp. В124 As blind as a Beast al426 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 51.15591: I byde here blynd as best in bale. cl480 Contemplacioun 227.1171: Blynd as brutale bast Irressonabla. 1509 Barclay Ship II 145[14]: We labour here for dath as bastis blynde, 189[26]. B125 As brain-wood (mod) as Beasts [etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together hara) al37e Piers A χ 61: And ben brayn-woda as beestes, so heore blod waxeth. cl390 Body and Soul 78 V 199: But as a beest doumbe and daft. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4107: Wery and weet, as beest is in the rayn. al393 Cower CA II 249.861-2: And thanne he schawath his tempeste Mor sodein than the wilde beste. al400 Morte Arthure 4.107: And brynge the bouxsomly as a beste, 122.4147: Bot ever bouxum as baste, blathaly to wyrka. cl400 Laud Troy I 269.9139-40: Thar wara thikkare aboute him men Then bestis In somer liggis In fen. al450 Rule of St. Benet (2) 76.1021: Now als a best meke sal I be. cl450 Jacob's Well 290.23: Sytten stylle as a beaste. cl475 Wisdom 40.158: Fowll as a best, be felynge of synna. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 390^2.10]: Alle naked as a beest. al513 Dunbar Maner of Passing 168.47: And syne sit doun abasit as ane beist.

B119 To shave one's Beard al400 Firumbras 3.18-9: They lystyn her gode B126 As cruel as a Beast scharp Swerdys And laydyn on the sarsyns and al393 Cower CA III 101.5677: О mor cruel than епу basta. 1513 Bradshaw Sf. Werburge schoven here berdys. cl412 Hoccleve Rege48.1187: More cmell than a beest. ment 156.4339-40: His sonnes and his doughtres both, I mane, Hir berdes shaved he right smothe В127 As wild as a Beast and dene. 1418 Man, be warre in Kail 62.53: Er al325 Cursor III 1210 CCT 21151-2: Thar mad dreda and repref thy berd shave. Whiting he wit his sermon mild Mek the men als baistes Drama 362:832. wild. al393 Cowar CA III 58.4080-1: Ther was

B142

29

no beste which goth oute More wylde than sehe semeth ther. al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 326.845: Wild as a beest, naked, without refute. В128 As wood (insane) as a Beast al400 Morte Arthure 113.3837: That wode alls a wylde beste he wente at the gayneste. cl400 Laud Troy II 348.11811-2: But Priamus . . . As wood was as a best savage.

Beast

as a beest, II 260[17]: But lyke to unresonable bestis in vylenes. В134 To be worse than a Beast al393 Gower CA II 296.2598: Whan he is worse than a beste. 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 157.1725: Worse than beastis, о voyde of all reason. cl500 Everyman 4.49: They wyll be cume moche worse than bestes.

В135 To beat one as a Beast В129 Every Beast loves its like (varied) 1340 Ayenbite 145[18-9]: Mochil is grat scele a1500 Our Lady's Imprecation in Brown Lyrics thet we to-gidere lovie, vor ech best ase zayth XV 20.62: And lete yow bete hym as a beest. salomouns loveth his anliche. cl395 WBible 1523 Berners Froissart I 41Ц15-6]: And were Ecclesiasticus xiii 19: Ech beest loveth о Leeste beate downe lyke beestes. lijk it silf; so and ech man owith to love his B136 To chase as Beasts neighbore. cl400 Vices and Virtues 143.34-5: al350 Castelford 117.22908: Tham als bestes for Every beste loveth his ovrae liknesse, as Salamon to enchace. 1525 Berners Froissart V 454[9-10]: seith. al439 Lydgate Fall I 117.4229-30: Everi And were chased lyke beastes. beeste and everi creature Loveth his semblable, off kyndli riht, I gesse. MED alich. See E171, В137 To die like Beasts al393 Gower CA II 293.2476: Lieh to these F574, L272. othre bestes die. cl420 Wyntoun III 53.654: The В130 A good Beast (mild bitch) may have ill tothir as bestis thar deande. whelps 1509 Barclay Ship I 52[ll-4]: But this forsothe В138 To drive like (as) Beast(s) oft tymes fynde I true That of a good beste, yl cl400 Laud Troy II 436.14795-6: He droff doun whelpes may weshewe. In lyke wyse of a Moder alle that come him by. As doth bestes that ben that is bothe chast and goode Often is brought hungry. al470 Malory III 1216.5-6: For I am forth a ful ungracious Brode. 1509 Watson dryvyn therto as beste tylle a bay. Ship Β7·"[1-2]: Oftentymes a mylde bytche В139 To flee like a Beast bryngeth forth shrewed whelpes. al300 Alisaunder 139.2474: And fleeth als a beeste wilde. al420 Lydgate Troy II 442.1651: B131 A scabbed Beast hates the horse-comb cl450 Pilgrimage LM 114[10-1]: For riht as a Lik as bestis that fled fro the deth.

scabbed beste hateth hors comb . . . riht so hate B140 To go like a Beast i techinge. See G7, H231, 505. cl300 South English Legendary II 613.76: And yeode aboute as a best that ne couthe no wisB132 To abide like a Beast dom. cl470 Wallace 309.399-400: Lik a wyld cl350 Libeaus 92.1652-3: And beldly ther abide. best that war fra reson rent, As wytlace wy in to As bestes brought to bay. 1485 Caxton Charles the ost he went. 192.2-3: He abode there deed lyke a beest. al500 Basterfeld 368.73: There 1 abyde as best 8141 To have no more rest than a Beast in stalle. cl300 Havelok 35.943-4: Wolde he nevere haven rest. More than he were a best, с1475 Guy^ В133 To be like Beasts in lechery (varied ) 411 С 7492-3: Of all the nyght had she no al300 Alisaunder 335.6296-7: And beeth comen reste. No more than had a wylde beste. in luxure As ben bestes in pasture. al393 Gower CA II 69.1240-1: Noght as a man bot as a В142 To live like (a) Beast(s) beste. Which goth upon his lustes wilde, III al387 Higden-Trevisa I 37Ц9-10]: Thilke 440.2025: And take lust as doth a beste. cl412 wicked men, that levede as bestes. al393 Gower Hoccleve Regement 58.1602-3: But some folke, CA III 334.3491-2: And lived worse than a as beestes Hire luste ay folwen. cl420 Wyntoun beste. el395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1281-2: They III 339.1795-7: That alkyn kynde of lechory He lyve but as . . . a beest, In libertee. cI400 oyssit als commonlly As he a best but wit had Plowman's Tale 164.528: But liven wors than beyn. al450 Quixley Ballades 42.98: Newe love witles beestes. cl400 Vices and Virtues 81.1. seketh, as that he were a beste. 1509 Barclay al450 Audelay 89.226-7: Bot leven after here Ship I 113[28]: Their ovme sensualyte ensuynge flesschele lust As bestis don, unresnabele. cl450

fleos/

30

B143

De Claris Mulieribus 79.1556-7: And lyvyde B147 To stand like a Beast harde of necessyte, Wylde as bestys. cl450 al350 Ywain 8.274: Bot als a beste than stode Ratis 41.1460. cl475 Guy^ 617 С 10899-900. he still. aI376 Piers A iv 143: And stooden as 1481 Caxton Godeffroy 31.9: And lyved so out bestes. 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1034: This of rule as beestis, cl489 Aymon II 466.26-7. knyght ne stood nat still as doth a best. al450 1509 Barclay Ship I 72[20]: Lyvyth as a best of Gesta 290[7]. conscyence cruell. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 240[22], VI 155[5-6]: They lyve but grosely and B148 A wild Beast a man may meek (tame), a woman's answer is never to seek (varied ) rudely like unto beestes. al500 Hunterian Mus. MS. 230 175: A weld В143 To roar like Beasts best a man may meyke, A Womans answer is cl375 Barbour Bruce I 97.418: Rycht as bestis never for to seyke, quod Rychard Wylloughbe. can rair and cry. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ cl500 Royal MS. 12 E xvi, f.34b in Robbins18.14404: And als rude bestes oft thei rare. Cutler 106.5: A wyld beest a man may tame, A womanes tunge will never be lame. cl500 SidBI44 To run about like a Beast ney Sussex College Cambridge MS. 99 in M. R. al393 Gower CA II 134.161-3: And as it were a James Catalogue (Cambridge, 1895) 115: All wilde beste. The whom no reson mihte areste, wylde beasts a man may tame. But a womanes He ran Ethna the hell a-boute. a1450 Partonope tongue will never be lame. All wilde beasts a 317.7909: As a wylde beste he renneth a-boute. man may make Meeke, But a womanes aunswer ys never to seeke. Tilley W670. B145 To slay as Beasts cl400 Laud Troy II 406.13800: And sclow hem as thei hadde ben bestes. al439 Lydgate Fall II В149 He is sore Beaten that dares not weep 624.1417: Slayn lik beestis. 1489 Caxton Fayttes al400 Ipomadon A 36.1174-5: On thynge ys, 95.1: They ben slayne as bestes, с1489 Aymon I he take kepe: Sore is he bett, that darre not 82.9-10: For they slewe the one thother, as wepe. Oxford 559: Sair dung baim; Tilley B41. domm bestes, II 346.14-5: But slew eche other B150 Beauty (Fairness) and chastity seldom acas thicke as bastes, 350.32. cord (varied )

Б146 To sleep like a Beast (etc.) (A number of al400 Scottish Legends II 100.52-4: And chast, perles of fames, Thocht men seldine thai twa single quotations are brought together here) cl330 Degare 111.855: That al night as a beste se In a yung persone to be, 215.19-22: An uthyre sleptest. al350 Ywain 45.1653-4: Obout he welk thing als is sene, That gud acorde seldine has in the forest. Als it wore a wilde beste. cl390 ben Betwene fames and chastyte. In quhat perBody and Soul 82 V 268: And bouwen as a sone that thai be. al450 Partonope 303.7635-7: bounden beeste. al400 Pricke 17.599: And fares For comynly it is not sene they be Herborowed als an unresonabel beste. al400 Siege of Jeru- to-gedre now in oon piase. Beante and chastite. salem 77.1304: And as a beste quelled (killed). 1480 Caxton Ovyde 64[2-5]: Ye be wel nyce yf cl400 Beryn 77.2544: His meyne were a-stonyd, ye wene lyve Chaste and have so moche and starid forth as bestis. cl400 Laud Troy I beaulte. A woman may not be fayre and Chaste, 310.10513: He rolled his eyen as best ramage, yf nature lye not, the one or that other she II 372.12621-2: Thei folwed hem with bryght muste leve, 65[29-31]. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II swordis, As bestis gone be-fore the herdis, 152.200: Quhat of bewte, quhar honeste lyis 378.12833: Thei wepe and crye as bestes braye. ded? cl520 Walter Spectacle B3''[13]: Beante al450 Gesta 387[29]: And sate still on his horse, and wysedome seldome dothe agre. Oxford 28; as a beste. al450 York Plays 348.342: For he is Tilley B163; Whiting Scots II 158. boune (bound ) as beeste in bande. cl450 Alphabet II 336.14: Faght as he had bene a wude B151 Beauty and folly go together beste. cl450 Idley 166.452: And closed as a beste 1532 Bemers Golden Boke 246.4225: For beautie kepte in a foolde. cl470 Wallace 154.457: The and foly alway gothe to gyther. Tilley B164. peple beryt (roared ) lyk wyld bestis in that tyd. B152 Beauty without bounty is never good cl489 Caxton Aymon I 234.1-2: Ye speke well (varied) like a beste. al500 Partenay 17.272: He is A al387 Piers С xviii 163-4: Beante saunz bounte, more foole then Any mute best. 1509 Barclay blessed was hit nevere. Ne kynde saunz cortesie Ship I 93[25]: And there as bestes to stryve. in no contreye preysed. al393 Cower CA III 1525 Berners Froissart V 191[20-1]: They lepte 18.2594-5: Nature sette in hire at ones Beante in one upon another lyke beestes, without ordre with bounte so besein. al405 Lydgate Fbure or reason. in MP II 416-7.215-21: But my lady is so avysee

β?ό7

31

Bee

That, bountie and beautie bothe in her de- Wyclif EW 246[25-6]: And yif it be for daunmeyne, She maketh bountie alway soverayne. synge in bedde, so moche the worse. This is to meane, bountie gotha afore, Lad by B160 To lie in Bed till the meat falls in one's prudence, and hath the soveraynte. And beautie mouth foloweth, ruled by her lore. That she ne fende 1549 Heywood D 33.29-30: Tyll meate fall in her in no degre. cl420 Wyntoun V 262.1489-90: your mouth, will ye ly in bed. Or sit styll. Scho wes waill plesand of bewte; Men suld hir Oxford 364. love for hir bounte. cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife 140.8-9: And for that beautee in womman, B161 To make one go to Bed at noon alione Withouten bontee, is nat commendable. 1546 Heywood D 86.221: It seemth ye wolde cl440 Charles of Orleans 140.4175-6: And make me go to bed at noone. Oxford 242; Tilley make in thee a privy moon That pite lakkith in B197. bevite. al450 Audelay 208.25: Beute is noght without bonte. cl450 Merlin II 227[12-3]: And B162 As bright as a Bee (ring) yef she hadde grete bewte ther-to she hadde as al300 Tristrem 60.2171: With Ysonde bright so moche bounte. cl450 Ratis 37.1300-1: Sen beighe. cl350 Octavian (NL) 123.921: That bewte may nocht duel alway. Be sykire of maydene brighte als goldene bey. al400 Le Morte Α. 79.2625: Wythe pomelles bryghte as bownte gyf thou may. Apperson 32; Tilley B174; goldis beghe. MED bei 4. Whiting Scots I 136. See G371. B163 As blind as a Bee B153 Misused Beauty often does ill al400 SœtHsh Legends II 215.17-8: Thar-for al400 Siege of Jerusalem 1.14: Blyndfelled hym as a be (cf. note, p. 91). cl500 Smith 325.286: mysoysit beute Dois II ofte, men ma se. Almost I am as blynde as a be. Svartengren 173. В154 No worldly Beauty can always last (varied ) al439 Lydgate Fall II 587.70: No worldli beute B164 As blithe as any Bee in erthe may alway laste. cl450 Ratis 19.665-7: al450 Castle 104.901: Beth now blythe as any Fore bewte lestis bot a quhill. And yet oft-tyme be. Whiting Scots I 137. It prowys 111. Baith fais, fell, fainte and faikyne. Whiting Scots I 136. Cf. Apperson 31; Офг(1 B165 As busy as a Bee cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 195: Lo, lyk a bisy 28; Tilley B165. See W671. bee, withouten gilè, cl395 IV[E] 2422-3: For ay BI55 "Too late aware," quod Beauty, when it as bisy as bees Been they, us sely men for to passed (varied) deceyve. al400 Scottish Legends II 371. 98-9: cl385 Chaucer TC ii 397-8: Lat this proverbe a For cecil as besy be Ententifly servit has the. loore unto yow be: "To late ywar, quod beaute, cl405 Mum 56.989: The bee in his bisynes, whan it paste." al393 Gower CA II 339.1421-2: 57.1051. al425 St. Anthony 117.22-4: And so, Bot now, allas, to late war That I ne hadde as a bese bee, wide he never tume home agayn him loved ar. Skeat 160. See L90. untyll-tyme he had fone a holy man. cl475 Henryson Fables 71.2046: I think to work als B156 A Beck is as good as a dieugarde 1546 Heywood D 40.187-8: And thus with a besie as ane Be. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV becke as good as a dieu gard. She flang fro me. 142.58: The bissy beys. Apperson 73, 74; Oxford 71; Svartengren 126; Taylor and Whiting 22; Apperson 32; Oxford 28; Tilley B181. Tilley B202; Whiting Scots I 137. B157 To bring one in a Beck (i.e., to deceive) cl400 Laud Troy II 525.17826-7: Loke that B166 As quick as a Bee thow us no-thyng glos And brynge us slely In a cl500 Wife Lapped 196.395: And then came the mother as quick as a bee. 1546 Heywood D bek. NED Beck sb.^, 2; Tilley B182. 34.38: And home agayne hytherward quicke as B158 Loath to Bed and loath from bed, so one a bee. Apperson 518; Tilley B203. shall know the slow (sluggard ) cl450 Douce MS.52 49.59: Lothe to bedde and B167 As thick as Bees lothe fro bedde, me schall know the slow. cl450 al300 XI Pains 148.39-40: Thickure hi hongeth Rylands MS.394 99.16: And so the slowe sone ther over al. Than don been in wynterstal. me shall knowe. Apperson 579: Sluggard; Oxford aI300 Richard 438.7003-4: They gunnen on hym as thykke to ffleen. As out off the hyve doth the 598; Tilley B192, S547. been. cl385 Chaucer TC ii 193-4: For nevere B159 To dance in Bed yet so thikke a swarm of been Ne fleigh, as cl400 Why Poor Priests have гю Benefice in Grekes fro hym gonne fleen, iv 1356: Alday as

Bee

32

βΙόθ

al460 Towneley Plays 391.147: Wörmes shall in thikke as been fleen from an hyve. cl400 Laud Troy I 186.6294-6: Ther bees sat nevere so you brede as bees dos in the byke. al500 Thre thikke on hyve . . . That he ne scies oure men. Prestís 29.513-4: With that his wounds war al420 Lydgate Troy I 326.6375: As thikke as fillit ful of fleis As ever in byke thair biggit onie swarme of ben, II 546.5247: Thikke as swarm of beis. ben. cI440 St. Christopher 464.873-5: For alle B175 To drone like a Bee thaire arows hange in the ayre. Als thike als al513 Dunbar Of Discretioun in Asking 32.8: leves dose on trees Or ells that thay were And he that dronis ay as ane bee. Whiting swarmes of beese. 1509 Barclay Ship I 13[10-1]: Ballad 26: hum. Other as thycke doth rowe In theyr small botes, B176 To murmur (etc.) like a swarm of Bees as Bees about a hyve. al513 Dunbar Devillis cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 204: They murmureden Inquest 79.107: Solistand wer as beis thik. Taylor and Whiting 22-3; Tilley B210; Whiting Drama as dooth a swarm of been, a1420 Lydgate Troy II 442.1660-1: As a swarme of been, The Grekis 305:21. flokmel fled, 548.5330. cl440 Charles of Orleans B168 As wise as a Bee 7.193-4: But even liehe as hit were a swarme of 1456 Hay Govemaunce 157.26-7: Sum man wys bene So gan ther thoughtis to me multiply. as a bee. alSOO Beves 72 M 1279-80: Aboute Beves than can they dryve. As Bees done aboute an hyve. B169 A Bee draws honey from bitter herbs al450 Partonope 2.51-3: The fly wyche ys callud Taylor and Whiting 23; Whiting Drama 305:21. the bee, Hys hony he draweth be hys kynde Off B177 To swarm (etc.) like Bees bytter erbes. Tilley B205. al300 Richard 372.5793-4: As bees swarmen abowte the hyves. The Crystene-men in afftyr В170 A Bee gives honey and stings dryves. cl300 Beves 71.1407-8: So faste hii a900 Homeletic Fragment in Vercelli Book 60.18-23: ЖпИсе beoô, Swa j^a beon beraö gonne aboute him scheve. Ase don ben aboute buta aïtsomne Arlicne anleofan, ond œtteme the heve, cf. 74.43-4. cl350 Libeaus 68 var. taegel HafoS on hindan, hunig on muöe, Wyn- 1217-8: As bene abowte an hyve Of him ran sume wist. Hwilum wundiaö Sare mid stinge, the blod. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1693: Right {ionne se sœl сутеб. al420 Lydgate Troy III so as bees out swarmen from an hyve. alSOO 717.5218-9: And as a be, that stingeth with Court of Love 410.59-60: And thiderward, as the tonge Whan he hath shad oute his hony bees. At last I sey the peple gan pursue. al508 sote. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 22.679: Dunbar Flyting 11.217: The boyis as beis owt A bee yevith hony and styngeth with the tayl. thrawis. Taylor and Whiting 23; Whiting Scots I cl450 Myroure of oure Ladye 128[2-3]: A bee 127. See S937. gyveth hony and styngeth. а145в Passe forth clxxiv 25-8: Fawvel fareth even right as doth a B178 Beef has bones, eggs have shells, but ale bee; Hony mowthed, ful of swetnesse is she. has nothing else But loke behinde and ware thee from hir stonge, alSOO Greene Carols 422 A 2.5: Bryng us in no Thow shalt have hurt yf thou play with her befe, for ther is many bonys. But bryng us in longe. Apperson 33; Oxford 29; Tilley B211; good ale, for that goth downe at onys . . . Bryng us in no eggys, for ther ar many schelles, But Whiting Drama 149. bryng us in good ale, and gyfe us noth(y)ng ellys. al529 Skelton Elynour I 107.277-81: And B171 A dead Bee makes no honey 1492 Salomon arid Marcolphus 11 [5-6]: A dede blessed her wyth a cup Of newe ale in comes; bee makyth no hony. Apperson 32; Oxford 132; Ales founde therin no thomes, But supped it up at ones. She founde therin no bones. Apperson Tilley B206. 75: Buy(η; Oxford 74; Tilley L52. See B446. B172 Not worth a Bee al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 466.13436: And B179 As foul as Beelzebub cI450 Weddynge 251.345: Thowghe she were as Romayns ar nought worth a be! foulle as Belsabub. B173 Those that drive Bees Uck their fingers 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[12-3]: That B180 As blind as a Beetle al378 Piers С (ed. W. W. Skeat, EETS 54, 1873 beys dryve lykke faste theyre fyngres. [1859]) xviii 38 (var.): He was blynd as a betil. B174 To breed (big [dwell ]) as Bees in the bike al450 St. Editha 81.3632: Bot as bleynde as a betulle they weron evermore. Apperson 54:12; (nest)

B789

33

Beggar

Oxford 50; Svartengren 171-2; Taylor and Whit- В186 Nothing worse than a Beggar (poor man) ing 24; Tilley B219. who has domination {varied ) al439 Lydgate Fall II 651.2369-75: Nothyng В 180a Beede-blind mor cruel, nor nothyng more vengable. Nor 1532 More Confutación 397 C[15]: So beetle mor hasti to execucioun. Nor mor deynous, blynded, 1533 579 F[14-5]: We be not yet so nor mor untretable. Than whan a beggere betle blynd, 580 A[ll, 14], D[13], F[5], 581 hath domynacioun: A curre mor froward than A[8], 582 A[6-8]: Till either some blind bettle, a strong leoun. And semblabli, non so gret or some holy bumble bee come flye in at their cruelte As whan a wrech is set in dignité. III mouthes. 1556 Heywood Spider 4[11], 90[5], 1004.3025-8: Whan beggers rise to domyna142[14]: 1 were a beaste of beetill heded blinde- cioun, Is non so dreedful execucioun Of cruelte, nes, 390[28]. yif it be weel souht. Than of such oon that cam up of nouht, cl440 Debate in MP II B181 As dull as a Beetle 564.601-3: A parlious clymbyng whan beg1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 36.17-8: As dull as a gerrs up arise To hih estât—merk this in your betle. Obtusa qualis est pistillus ( pestle). Appermynde—Bi fais prerogatives ther neihbours to son 170; Oxford 161; Tilley B220. despise, aI449 Look in MP II 767.65-8: Reyse B182 With a Beetle be he smitten who gives his up a beggere that cam up of nouht. Set in a chayar of wordly dignité. Whan fais presumpson all his things al300 Royal MS. 8. E xvii in Brown Register I cioun is entryd in his thouht. Hath cleene 362: Wyht suylc a betel be he smyten. That al forgete his stat of poverte. World in MP II the werld hyt mote wyten. That gyfht his sone 844-5.20-3: A beggere sett in a chayer of al his thing. And goht hym self a beggyn. al375 degree, Hym silff not knowyng in sovereyn digJohn of Bromyard Summa in T. Wright Selection nité, If this teerme to hym were appliable, of Latin Stories(VS 8[1842]) 221: Wit this betel Glene forgetith his consanguinité. al500 English the smieth. And alle the worle thit wite. That Conquest 113.32-4: For ther is nothynge so thevt the ungunde alle this thing. And goht bolde ne so kene, as is that man that is of noght him selve a beggyng. al400 Trinity MS. 0 9. 38 come, whan he is an-hey broght, and unkyndely in Furnivall Babees Book 35: With thys bytel be sette in Maystry. 1523 Berners Froissart I he smete, that alle the worle mote hyt wete. 264[6-7]: Poore men first mounteth up, and That yevyt hys goode to hys kynne and goth unhappy men sleeth them at the ende, 1525 V hym sylfe A beggyng. cl415 Middle English 5-6: It is sene, a poore man mounted into gret Sermons 90.35-8: With this betull be he smytte. estate and in favoure with his mayster, often That all the world well it witt. That yeveth the tymes corrupteth and distroyeth the people and unkeend all is thinge. And goyth hym-selfe on the realme. Cf. Apperson 35; Oxford 30-1; beggynge. cl450 Rylands MS.394 105.31-2, 1-2: Taylor and Whiting 24; Tilley B238. See C271, With a betull be he smeton. That alle the world W714. may it weton. That yeves his childe alle his thynge. And gooth hym selfe abegynge. NÇ 4 B187 One Beggar is woe that another goes into the town (by the door) III (1869) 526, 589; Tilley G308. cl450 Douce MS.52 49.66: On begger is wo, that anothir in to the towne goth. cl450 RyB183 A Beggar's appetite is always fresh lands MS.394 100.12. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 817.141: A beggers 71.28-9: But it is comenly sayd, every begger appetight is alwey ffressh and good. Cf. Apperis woo that ony other shold by the dore go. son 34: beggar's purse; Oxford 31: Beggar's scrip; Apperson 35; Oxford 30; Tilley B237. See D318, Tilley B242. K82. B184 A Beggar should not go away for warning B188 To bind a Beggar is folly once al500 Hunterian Mm. MS. 230 175: Yt is folly 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 116.&-8: But he rememto byend a begare (io Robbins-Cutler 1628.8), brid that a beggar shold not go away for ones YflF it be wyell soyghtt, Whanne it is provyd warnyng. that he have Ryghtt noghtt. Cf. Tilley B226. B185 Beggars should be no choosers B189 To know as well as a Beggar knows his bag 1546 Heywood D 40.170: Beggers should be no 1546 Heywood D 48.219-20: And my selfe choosers, 1555 E 149.18. Apperson 34; Oxford knowth him . . . Even as well as the begger 31; Taylor and Whiting 24; Tilley B247. knowth his bag. Oxford 30; Tilley B234.

Beggar-Staff

34

В190 To be brought to Beggar-staff cl510 Plumpton Correspondence 199[33]: We are brought to begger staffe. NED Beggar 8.

B190

al420 Lydgate Troy I 119.3619-20: For her gynnyng was nat vertuous. An ende folweth ful contagious.

В191 At the Beginning put the remedy (varied ) В196 Beginning without end avails as a flowal420 Lydgate Troy I 369.7873-4: Wherfore, at ered tree where the fruit fails the gynnyng The remedie is put of every thing. al500 Colkelbie 280.25-6: Ffor begynnyng with1422 Yonge Govemaunce 161.33-5: The grate out end quhat availis Bot lyk a tre flureist Poet Ovydie Sayth, Pryncipijs obsta, "Wyt- quhair the fruct falis. See T104. stonde the begynnynge," ffor lyghtyre is a fressh B197 A blissful Beginning is one that has a fair wounde to hele, than a festrid, 164.14. Ovid issue (varied) Remedia Amorta 91-2. Cf. Tilley B263; Whiting aI400 Destruction of Troy 75.2256-7: A ProDrama 247. verbe: A blisfull begynnyng may boldly be said, That ffolow to the fer end and hath a faire B192 At the Beginning the way is longest cl415 Middle English Sermons 148.15-6: And yssue. alSOO Partenay 34.789-90: Se here a men sey, "At the begynnynge the vey is lengest." noble gynnyng in presence! God yif that the ende therof be ful good! В193 The Beginning is more than half the Β1Θ8 Every Beginning is hard work (varied) cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 126.86: Every cl415 Middle English Sermons 148.16-7: And the wise man seth that hälfe he hath don that begynnyng hys harde. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria well begynneth is werke. cl495 Arundel Vul- 21.82: For the begynnynge of every thynge is garia 21.82: It was a noble sayng of Aristotle: the hardiste. Tilley B256. Begyimynge is more than hälfe the worke. В199 An evil Beginning has a foul ending Horace Epistles I 2.40: Dimidium facti qui (varied) coepit habet. Apperson 674; Oxford 700; Tilley cl300 Becket II 114.1459-60: Therfore god for B254; Whiting Drama 165, NC 369, Scots I righte wreche uvei ginnyng (Becket I 73.1439: 137: Begin (2). ending) me doth sende. And ic doute for my В194 The Beginning of wisdom is the fear of wrecche gult, that worse schal beo the ende. al415 Mirk Festial 120.10-1: Then, for hyt ys oft God (varied) c900 Paris Psalter 95 (110.7): {)®t byS secga sene, all evell begynnyng hathe a foule endyng. al439 Lydgate Fall I 325.4465-6: A fais begyngehwam syntm on frymSe, J>œt he godes egesan gleawe healde. alOOO Pseudo-Alcuin De Virtuti- nyng, auctours determyne, Shal be processe bus 388.434: Godes ege is se frume wisedom. come onto ruyne. III 864.1468: His gynyng curclOOO Regius Psalter 214 (110.10): Fruma wis- sid, hadde a cursid fyn, 886.2241: Ther gynnyng domes (is) ege (Hlafordes). al050 Defensor Liber cursid hadde a wengable fyn. cl475 Gregory 64[16]: Salomon saede angynn wisdomes ege Chronicle 191-2: But welle I wote that every drihtnes. cllOO Salisbury Psalter 236 (110.10). ylle begynnynge moste comynly hathe an ylle clSOO Speculum Gy 40.883-4: Initium sapi- endyng, and every goode begynnyng hathe the entiae, timor domini: "Drede of god in alle wery goode endyng. Proverbium: —Felix princithing Off wisdom is the beginning." cl350 Prose pium finem facit esse beatum. Apperson 193; Psalter 139 (110.9). cl395 WBible PsalmS cx 10: Tilley B261. See C119, F695, 700, T180. The bigynnyng of wisdom is the drede of the B200 A fair Beginning may have a foul end Lord, Proverbs ix 10. cl400 Treatise of Perfeccl410 Lovelich Grail I 168.769-70: For there tion 238.29-30: Salomoun in the proverbes says: say nevere Man So fayr A begynneng As hadde Drede of god is the begynnynge of wisdome. kyng Tholome, ne so fow(l) An Endyng. al420 cl412 Hoccleve Regement 175.4852: BegynLydgate Troy I 209.2242-4: For though a gynnnynge of wisdom is, god to drede, cl422 Leme yng have his appetite. Yet in the ende, pleynly to Die 209.840: Begynnynge of wisdam is dreede this no fable, Ther may thing folwe, whiche is of god. al425 Contemplations in Yorkshire Writnat commendable. 1471 Gaxton Recuyell I ers II 76[21]: I Rede that the drede of god is 220.8-9: The begynnyng is fayr but the end is begynnynge of wysedom. cI450 Serve thy god fowle. See C403, E131, F498, G20, 281, M188. 262.25-6: Ffor the begynnyng of wysdom is for to drede goddys ryghtwysnes. B201 A ferly (wonderful) Beginning often flecches (gives way) at the end (varied ) В195 A Beginning that is not virtuous is fol- cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 413.378: lowed by a contagious end Ase ofte verlieh bi-guynninge: flechchez atthen

B214

35

ende. c l 3 8 5 Chaucer ТС ii 791: Ful sharp bygynnyng breketh ofte at ende. See В197.

Behest nyng to a good ende, 1555 E 150.21: Of a harde beginning, comth a good endyng. Apperson 284; Oxford 250; Tilley B260.

B202 A fortunate Beginning that causes strife B206 It is as good to lose at the Beginning as is worthless in the end al420 Lydgate Troy I 209.2245-6: For what is 1478 Cely Papers l l [ l - 2 ] : It ys as good for to worthe a gynnyng fortunat, That causeth after lese in the begeyng as in the ende. strif and gret debat?

B203 A good Beginning is spilled (spoiled ) with B207 No good Beginning without a good a bad ending end(ing) al475 Tree 119.11-2: Many . . . spille here good clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 56[25-7]: ForSan 8e by gynnyng with a bad endyng. Cf. Whiting ne biö nan anginn herigendlic butan godre Drama 151. geendunge. 1422 Yonge Govemaunce 157.11-2: For wyth-out a good ende, lytill is worth a good B204 A good Beginning makes a good end(ing) begynnynge. 1504 Hawes Example СсГ[27]: c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary I 216.67-8: Wo worth begynnynge without good ende. Cf. This was atte verste me thingth a god begynJente 140. nynge, Ther after was the betere hope to come to god endynge. cl325 Hendyng H 288.13: God B208 Such Beginning such end beginning maketh god endyng. cl375 Barbour 1546 Heywood D 94.130: Such beginnyng suche Bruce I 121.263-6: For gude begynnyng and ende we all daie see. Apperson 607; Oxford 31; hardy, And it be followit vittely, May ger Tilley B262. oftsiss unlikly thing Cum to full (conabill) endyng. al419 Letter in MLR 22(1927) 75[7-8]: B209 What has a Beginning must have an ending Make a good end of that they han well byc l 4 1 0 Lovelich Merlin I 108.4037-8: There nas gonne. al449 Lydgate Haste in MP Π 764.155-7: nevere thyng that hadde begynneng. But of A goode begynnynge requireth a good issue, A necescite it moste haven endyng. c l 4 5 0 Merlin good preamble a good conclusyon. For vertuous lyff vertuous gwerdon. al450 Partonope I 54[34-5]: Ther is no-thynge that hath be438.10820-1: Thes wordes ye seyn full trew they gynnynge, but it moste have endynge. be. Thing wele ended is wele be-gonne. cl450 B210 A wise Beginning is praised by the end Douce MS.52 55.122: Of a gode begynnyng al420 Lydgate Troy I 131.4024: Wis begynnyng comyth a gode endyng. c l 4 5 0 Rylands MS.394 is preysed be the ende. See P39. 105.18.26. al471 Ashby Policy 38.824-5: And your matiers shall have goode begynnyng, And B211 He that has once been Beguiled ought consequently come to goode endyng, al475 to keep him from the same Dicta 93.1105-6: So of goode begynnyng is 1484 Caxton Aesop 203[9-ll]: And therfore he goode endyng, And of shreudenesse comethe II that hath ben ones begyled by somme other concludying. cl475 Gregory Chronicle (see ought to kepe hym wel fro the same. Apperson B199 above). cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 468. See €201. 117.1.2: A good be-gynnyng makyth a god ende. al500 Additional MS. 37075 277.1. al500 B212 A Beguiler will ever beguile others Hill 129.42. 1546 Haywood D 37.71: Of a good 1484 Caxton Aesop 58[4-5]: For a begyler wylle begynnyng comth a good end, 1555 E 171.141. ever begyle other. Apperson 257, 674; Kneuer 16-7; Oxford 250; Schleich 247; Singer III 24-5; Skeat 67; Taylor B213 To defraud the Beguiler is no fraud c l 4 5 0 Alphabet I 167.27-8: Fallere fallentem and Whiting 24; Tilley B259; Whiting Drama non est fraus. 1474 Caxton Chesse 116[8-9]: Hit 127, Scots I 137. See L94, T200, W646. Is sayd in proverbe to defraude the beguylar is no fraud, 1484 Aesop 50[4-5]: For as men saye B205 A harsh (hard, ill) Beginning has a good it is meryte to begyle the begylers. Tilley D182; end(ing) Walther II 19.8746. See F610, G487, M1I4, V34. c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun VI 267.27-8: Thus eftyr a royde harsh begynnynge Hapnyt a fast and gud end- B214 Behest (Hote, Promise) is debt al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 284[8-10]: Hote ynge. c l 4 5 0 Trevet 241.19-20 [f.49a, col. 2]: In is dette thing, ther treuth has maistrie . . . trust and hopyng that thys harde begynnyng Your hote salle be holden, als dette in that God woll convey hit to a full good endyng. 1546 manere, [23]: For your hote is dette als to me. Heywood D 25.21: And a hard beginnyng makth c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT II[B] 41: Biheste is dette. a good endyng, 90.74: And tourne his yll begyn-

Bebest

B215

36

cl412 Hoccleve Regement 64.1772: And of a B218 He that should go Behind many times trewe man, be-heste is dette. cl450 Idley goes before 89.488: I calle never suche a promyse to be a aI393 Gower CA II 348.1737-9: And thus I dette. cl477 Caxton Jason 183.12-3: I have finde That he that scholde go behinde, Goth promised hit and promis is dew. alSOO Lovely many a time ferr tofore. Song of Wisdom 196.21.2: For of a trewe mane byheste es dett. alSOO Young Children's Book B2I9 Belief has the mastery and reason is imder 19.49: Fore every promys, it is dette. cl500 al471 English Chronicle 77[3^]: Fie reasoune, and folow the woundre. For beleve hathe the Everyman 10.248: Promyse is duyte, 28.821: maystry and reasone ys under. Wyll you breke promyse that is dette? Apperson 513; Jente 460; Oxford 520; Skeat 241; Tilley P603; Whiting Drama 92, 93, 258. See B220 Believe it not till you see it cl330 Seven Sages A 197.486: I leve hyt not C483, H37S. tyll y hyt see. Tilley B268. Cf. Whiting Drama 112.

B215 Fair Behests (Promises, Words) make fools (sots) fain (varied ) B221 Believe not all you hear (varied ) cl325 De Clerico 153.24: Feir biheste maketh al250 Proverbs of Alfred 106 С 325-8: Ne gin mony mon al is serewes mythe. al338 Mannyng thu nefre lev(en) Alle mannes speche. Ne aile Chronicle A I 175.4979-80: Ffor y have herd the thinge That tu (herest) singe. cl280 South seye fele sythe, That faire byhestes maketh foles English Legendary: ОТ History 84.94: Ne al that blithe. al449 Lydgate Amor in MP II 748.97-8: thou herest, ne leve thou noughth: yif thou The faire behestis maken foolis gladde, Fye on wilt wel fare. al393 Gower CA II 64.1062-3: the werk whan hestis ben contrayre. Fabules On other half, men scholde noght To lihtly lieve in MP II 594.825-6: As it fallythe at preffe, al that thei hiere, 143.471: Sehe lieveth noght al offt(e) sithe, Fayr behestes makythe foles ofte- that sehe hiereth. 1438 Barlam and Josaphat tyme blythe. al470 Parker Dives X711.6-7]: (Northern) 232.521: Ne trow noght all that thou For fayre byhestes make sottes blythe. 1471 heres say. al450 Barlam and Josaphat (South Ripley Compound 157[14]: And so fayre promys English Legendary) 124.353-4: Ne leve thu makyth folys fayne. al475 Vision of Philibert never alle thing that thu myght here. For men 25[19]: Fayre promese ofte makyth foollis fayne. lyeth ofte moche, whan they speke I fere. al450 cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 118.11: A fere Myne awen dere 165.509-10: Whare-evere thou beheyste makyt a fole gladde. alSOO Hill 128.11: commes amange thy perys. Thou trowe noght all Faire behestis makith folis fain. alSOO Lovely thynge that thou herys. al484 Caxton Aesop Song of Wisdom 196.20.4. alSOO Warkwork 37[l-2]: It is not good to byleve all suche 20[15]: Fayre wordes and promyses makes thynges as men may here. al500 Disciplina fooles fayne. cl500 Everyrrmn 14.379. cl500 Clericalis 47-8: Beleeve nor trust nat to every Lady Bessy 2[23]. 1503 Plumpton Correspond- man. Apperson 36; Oxford 32. See H617, M115, ence 176[15]: Your frinds trowes ye beleve fayr 310, 749, S487. words and fayr heightes. 1546 Heywood D 73.117: Let faire woordes make fooles fayne, B222 Believe well and have well 1555 E 178.180. Apperson 200; Jente 610; MED 1546 Heywood D 91.31: Beleve well, and have bihest lb (b); Oxford 188; Tilley W794; Whiting well, men say. Apperson 36; Oxford 32; Tilley Ballad 23, Scots II 160. See H470. B265. B223 He that Believes each man seldom does B216 Trust to no Behest cl460 To you beholders 48.18: And trust to no well behest. al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 333.38: al200 Lavraian I 342.8017-8: Yif thu ilevest selene mon, Seide thu saelt wel don. Apperson Yn many beheste ys litell truste. 36; Jente 317; O ^ r d 32; Skeat 6. B217 She that cannot Behight (promise) small B223.1 Believing often deceives its master may she do al533 Berners Huon 149.22-3: But often tymis cl425 Hoccleve Jonathas 226.302-3: Smal may belevynge desseyveth his mayster. shee do that can nat wel byheete, Thogh nat parfourmed be swich a promesse. Cf. Apperson B224 As blithe as a Bell 506: He is poor indeed that can promise noth- cl470 Wallace 24.223: Compleyne also, yhe ing; Oxford 511; Tilley N261. birdis, blyth as bellis. cl475 Henryson Fables

B233

37

83.2421: The Tod lap on land, als blyith as ony bell. NED Blithe A 2. B225 As blue as a Bell (Fa flower name) (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al400 Moder of gresse 182.727: His flour is blew like to a belle. cl420 Page Siege 200.1279-80: With that they cryde alle "newelle," Also schyrle as any belle. al425 Somer Soneday in Rei. Ant. II 7[10-1]: Kenettes questede to quelle. Al so breme (loud) so any belle. al450 Castle 184.3592: Thou devyle bold as a belle. cl450 Greene Carols 452.10: Sone my wombe began te swelle A(s) greth (great) as a belle. al475 Liber Cure Cocorum 39[20]: As tome (empty, light) as belle hit wille hit make.

Bell

{rime.principall). al460 Towneley Plays 106.186, 172.197. 1464 God Amend in Robbins Historical Poems 198.42. 1464 Hardyng 39[I1], 143[32]. al471 Ashby Policy 33.645, al475 Dicta 64.488. al475 Ludus Coventriae 151.5, 178.2. al475 Talk of Ten Wives 29[12]. al500 Basyn 47.80. al500 О man beholde in ]EGP 35(1936) 253[8]. alSOO Power of the Purse in Robbins 56.26. Cisco Wife Lapped 190.246. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 47.1498, 1523 Howe the Douty Duke II 73.183: We bear away the bell, al529 Garnesche I 127.27. 1546 Heywood D 39.130: For beautie and stature she beareth the bell, 1556 Spider 176[25]: Yet doth that glossie web beare the bell awaie, 286[18]. Apperson 30; Oxford 32; Skeat 173; Tilley B275; Whiting Drama 334:393, Scots 1 138. See B36, 372, C576, F3ie, L71.

B226 As round as a Bell cl400 Beryn 84.2784-5: The tre I told to-fore, that round as any bell Berith bowe and braunce. B231 To burn like a Bell al400 Awntyrs 131.188: I burne als a belle. 1402 Daw Topias 69[21-2]. al460 Spurious Chaucerian line in Manly-Rickert VI 495-6: Stif al425 St. Robert 52.349: I sail gar bryn yowe and round as ony belle. cl460 Satirical Descrip- als a belle. tion 200[4]: Here jowys been rownde as . . . B232 To hang the Bell about the cat's neck bele. 1471 Ripley Compound 134[19]: Round cl378 Piers В Prol. 168-70 (cf. 146-81; С i as any Bell. 165-95): To bugge a belle of brasse or of brighte sylver. And knitten on a colere for owre comune B227 As sweet as Bell 1501 Douglas Palice 20.25: Voices sweit as bell. profit. And hangen it up-on the cattes hals. 1388 On the Times in Wright Political Poems I Whiting Ballad 26. 274[3-4]: The cattys nee to bylle Hie et hic ligare B228 A Bell without clapper is without sound veretur. 1509 Barclay Ship II 254[4]: About the al393 Gower CA II 310.346-7: Withoute soun Cattis necke suche men a bell doth tye (From as doth the belle. Which hath no claper forto the woodcut and probably unrelated). cl522 chyme. Skelton Colyn I 317.163-5: And loth to hang the bell Aboute the cattes necke. For drede to B229 No need to hang a Bell on a bitch's tail have a checke. 1546 Heywood D 48.241: And I с1250 Hendyng О 199.42: Tharf the nevere will hang the bell about the cats necke, 1555 E houngen belle on bicchetaille. Kneuer 60-1; 191.255: Who shall ty the bell about the cats Schleich 275-6; Singer III 141. necke how. Not I (quoth the mouse) for a thing that I know. Apperson 88; P. F. Baum in MLN B230 To bear the Bell 34(1919)462-70; Oxford 32; Taylor and Whiting cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 144.4274: Yn alle 60; Tilley B277. sloghnesse he bereth the bel. cl385 Chaucer TC iii 198-9: And lat se which of yow shal B233 To have one's Bell rung bere the belle. To speke of love aright! al400 1381 John Ball in Knighton II 139[28-9]: Jon Ipomadon A 137.4782: Of bounte berethe the Balle gretyth you wele alle and doth yowe bell, 169.5893. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune to understande, he hath rungen youre belle. 12.219. cl408 Lydgate Reson 52.1946: Of beaute cl385 Chaucer TC ν 1062: Thorughout the for to bere the belle, al420 Troy I 32.716, II world my belle shall be ronge! a1393 Cower 552.5470: That to-fom alle bare a-weie the belle. CA II 176-7.1727-9: How Perse after his false al450 York Plays 228.195. cl450 Epistle ofOthea tunge Hath so thenvious belle runge, That he 10.4, 68.20. cl450 Greene Carols 30.1. cl450 hath slain his oghne brother, 238.452: And ek Idley 184.1557. cl450 Weddynge 257.595. 1456 so lowde his belle is runge. al405 Lydgate Princes most excellent in Mary D. Harris ed. The Black Knight in MP II 393.262: And Fals-report Coventry Leet Book (EETS 135,1908) II 289[22]: so loude ronge the belle. al450 Partonope I, Alexander, that for chyvalry berith the balle 236.6139-40: And thes wemmen had wel I-ronge

Bell

38

B234

Неге belle, wyche was hevy to here, 345.8514-6: cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes 105.426-7: There is Wrake in no wise myght for-bere Hir susters no joy nor pleasure in this world here. But hyll sothes algate to telle. She thought she wolde bely fyll and make good chere. Tilley B298. rynge hir belle. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 3.10: B241 To wish something in another's Belly Wyde quhar our all rung is thyne hevynly bell, cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 80.335: I wolde thei 22: Presume to write quhar thy sweit bell is (shoes) were hole in his bely, so gode me helpe, rung, IV 191.128. Whiting Scots I 138. See that first shapyde them. Tilley B299; Whiting H485. Scots I 138. B234 To ring like a Bell B242 When the Belly is full the bones would cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1615: He rong hem out a be at rest (varied) procès lik a belle, cl390 CT V1[C] 331: And al450 Three Middle English Sermons 31.313-4: rynge it out as round as gooth a belle. cl440 Vor whan his beli is so vul о mete and drynke Dégrevant 78.1207-8: With twa trompets of the that a may no mor, a-non he is sluggi, a-non he beste. That range als a belle. Whiting Drama is siepi. cl450 Jacob's Well 141.22: Thi bely 305:25, Scots I 138. seyth he is full, and muste take a reste. cl475 Mankind 22.581: I xall siepe, full my bely, and B235 To ring the (one's black) Bell(s) cl412 Hoccleve Regement 70.1929-30: Thei he were my brother. 1492 Salomon and Marstryven who best rynge shal the belle Of fais colphus 10[27-8]: The wretchyd wombe is full, plesance. 1506 Hawes Pastime 135.3544-5: Her go we now to bedde. al500 Basyn 45.39: But name was alyson that loved nought elles But when the baly was full, lye downe and wynke. ever more to rynge her blacke belles (Note 238: alSOO Medwall Nature Gl''[31-3]: And whan I "The allusion is not entirely clear, but almost am well fed. Than get I me to a soft bed My body to repose. al500 Hill 129.36: Whan the certainly obscene."). beli is fwll, the bonis wold hawe rest. cl515 B236 To speak like a Bell (etc.) (A number of Barclay Exlogues 51.13: When full is the wombe single quotations are brought together here) the bones would have rest, 28: A full bely Ά1300 Alisaunder 181.3226: He spaak with tunge asketh a bed full of rest, cl523 Mirrour 59[28]: als a belle. al393 Gower CA II 100.2390-1: And when belly full is, the bones would have Ther mai nothing his tunge daimte. That he ne rest. 1546 Heywood D 62.2. Apperson 38; Oxford clappeth as a Belle, III 73.4640: And clappe it 33; Tilley B303. See D396, M477, T257, VII, out as doth a belle. cl400 Thomas ofErceldoune W368. 2.31: The wodewale beryde (resounded) als a belle. al450 Partonope 15.533: The homes B243 When the Belly is full the goad of lust is sownen as any belle, 420-1.10137-9: Therfore excited all men that be so light of tonge That as a grete a900 Alfred Gregory 309.15-6: {зоппе sio womb bell that longe is ronge Noyse her lesynges. biS full and aSened, Sonne biö aweaht se anga Saere wrasnnesse. Cf. Apperson 38: When the Belly, see Womb belly is full the mind is amongst the maids; B237 The Belly cries out every day Jente 5; Oxford 33; Tilley B304. See B429, 1519 Horman Vtdgaria 47[24]: The bely wyll nat С125, M469, S752, V12, W553. let one day skape unserved: but he wyll crye out. Cf. Apperson 37; My belly cries cupboard; B244 To be (play) Belly-blind al400 Alexander С 275.5648: That brynt in belyOxford 33; Tilley B301. blind night as bright as the son. cl475 HenryB238 Better fill the Belly than the eye son Fables 81.2383: Thow playis bellie blind. 1474 Caxton Chesse 131[8-9]: And therfore hit MED beh 1(c); NED Belly-blind; Whiting is sayd in proverbe, hit is better to fylle the Drama 305:26. bely than the eye. 1522 More Treatyce 95 D[ll-2]: So farforth that men commonly say, it B245 To have a Belly-full wer better ffl his (a glutton's) bely than his eye. cl475 Mankind 23.632: Of murder and manApperson 43; Oxford 39; Tilley G146. slawter I have my bely fyll. 1483 Caxton Calden Legende 162''[2.30-1]: The werkemen dranke her B239 A fasting Belly may never be merry bely full. 1533 Heywood Pardoner Bl''[42]: al500 Hill 131.22: A f a s ^ g bely may never be Therfore preche hardely thy bely full. NED mery. Apperson 204; Tilley B292. Belly-ful; Taylor and Whiting 25; Tilley ВЗОб. See F143. B240 Hill (?Hold) Belly fill

B261

39

Beryl

B246 To be Belly-naked nard is maad a munk, so and thanne it was seid cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1326: And saugh him al of sich man, wher and Saul among profetis, as if alione, bely-naked. al400 Alexander С 227.4125: he seide thilke devocioun is transitorie and at Thare fand thai bemys and bridis and all bale- an our, and is not stidefast. nakid. al500 Basyn 51.163: And ran to hir B255 Bernard the monk saw not all maistrys all baly naked. MED beli 1(c); NED cl386 Chaucer L G W F 16: Bernard the monk ne Belly 16a. saugh nat all. R. M. Smith in MLN 61(1946) B247 The Beloved is longed for most 38-44, 62(1947)190-1, 432; Oxford 34. cl025 Durham Proverbs 11.9: ^ f t e r leofan menn B256 To know as Bernard knew his shield langaÖ swiSost. Post amabilem hominem duris1473 Paston V 198[13-5]: Master Lacy . . . sime ledet. knowyth my seyde proctor theer, as he seythe, B248 As bright (clear) as a Berne (trumpet) as weell as Bernard knewe his sheeld. allOO Phoenix Homily 147.23: His stemne is swa B257 As black as a Berry briht swa beme. al400 PChaucer Rom. A 928: And blak as bery. B249 To be a Bench-whistler al470 Malory II 910.5: Blacker than ony bere, al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 455.176[H]: Al 915.35, 934.30-1: Horse and man all black as a suche benche-whistelers, God lete hem never beré, 962.27-8: blacker than a byry. Svartengren the. 1555 Heywood E 173.153: Thou art a 245. benchwhistler, a shryll whystlyng wenche. But how long hast thou whistled in the kynges B258 As bright as a Berry benche. Apperson 38; NED Bench-whistler; cl450 Song of Scorn in Bobbins 163.4: As brith Tilley B307. as bery broune. B250 To give one a Benedicite B259 As brown as a Berry cl300 Gui/i 310 A 5744-5: And yaf him swiche C 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 207: His palfrey was benedicite That he brak his nek. с1400 Laud as broun as is a berye, cl390 I[A] 4368: Broun as Troy I 200.6793-4: Ye yaff him suche a bene- a berye. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 67.27: Of dicite, That he fel dede open the ble. MED cullour soyr, and sumdeill broun as berry. Apbenedicite η. 2(b). person 70; Svartengren 252-3; Tilley B314; Whiting Scots I 138. B251 Not worth a Bent ( piece of grass) al436 Spurious Chaucerian line in Manly- B259a Berry-brown Rickert VI 204-5: Your testament is no wurth a cl353 Winner 91: Berry-brown was his berde. bent. al475 Colagros 19.551: Бегу broune wes the blonk. Cf. cisco Fox and the Goose in Bobbins B252 To know the Bent of one's bow al426 Lydgate Mumming at Hertford in MP II 43.20: E-mange the beryis brovrae. Taylor and 680.198: We knowe to weel the bent of Jackys Whiting 26; Whiting Ballad 26, Scots I 138. bowe. cl434 Drury 83.27: Fela, i knowe the bynd of thyn bowe wil i-now. cl450 Idley 88.438: B260 From Berwick to Dover (Kent, Ware) Thow shalt never kenne the bent of his bowe. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 120[17-8]: Than 1546 Heywood D 47.188: Though I, havyng the the riche and pouere, and alle comonly. For bent of your uncles bow, 1555 E 189.244. Apper- (fro) Berwick to Dovere held hir for lady, II 305[7]: That if alle Inglond fro Berwik unto son 38; Oxford 34; Tilley B313. Kent. C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 692-3: But of B253 To bow like a Bercelet (fcound) his craft, fro Berwyk into Ware, Ne was ther aI400 Destruction of Troy 73.2196: Oer hom swich another pardoner. Apperson 38-9; Oxford bowe as a berslet. al500 Alexander С 29 Dublin 34-5; Tilley B315. See C45, D369, T545. 786*: Was never barslett in band more buxum B261 As bright as Beryl to hys lord. cl325 Anrwt 136.1: Ichot a burde . . . ase beryl so bryht. cl380 Cleanness 43.1132: Wei bryghter B254 Bernard is made a monk cl395 WBible I Kings xix 24 gloss: This (i.e. then the beryl other browden perles. cl440 wher and Saul among profetis) is seide of him, Dégrevant 36.530-1: A lady wyghte, Thare es in whom sum devocioun apperith sudeynly at an no beralle so brighte. cl445 Lydgate Miracles our, as whanne a man of dissolute liyf schewith of St. Edmund 442.165. al475 Ludus Coventriae 374.46. cl485 Slaughter (Digby) 21.506. al500 ony signe of devocioun, it is seide of him, Ber-

Beryl

40

Against Adultery 370.146: And als bryght as any ber(i)alle. cl500 Smith 328.530. Whiting Scots I 139. Β2β2 As clean ( pure) as Beryl c l 3 8 0 Cleanness 23.554: As the beryl bomyst byhovez be dene.

B262 Before you Speak in Brown Lyrics XV 281.35-6: Deme the beste of every dede Tyll trowth have serchyd truly the roote. 1528 More Heresyes 105 G[6-7]: It is therfore well done to deme the beste. Apperson 141. Brown-Robbins 3087; Robbins-Cutler 675.5; Tilley B324. See J77.

B269 Who does Best has best meed B263 As clear as Beryl al325 Sarmun in Heuser 95.212: Wo best mai al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 384.37: do, best is his mede. Water clere as berel. cl410 Lovelich Grail I 222.265-6: And so Cler be-Cam that Tre withal, B270 Who does Best has least thank As Evere dyde ony berylle. al422 Lydgate Life al393 Gower CA III 9.2264-5: For ofte a man 501.1018-9: In a closet more clere than . . . any mai se this yit, That who best doth, lest thonk byrell bryght to be-holde, al439 Fall I 284.2987: schal have. Watris, as any berell deer. cl450 Chaunce 5.24. B271 Who has done Best does right well Svartengren 361; Whiting Scots I 139. al450 Partonope 429.10472: Who so hath do beste dothe right wele. B264 As round as Beryl al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 470.55-6: The B272 Who says the Best shall never repent burbly wawis in ther up boylyng Round as al449 Lydgate Say the Best in MP II 795.1-2: berel, ther bemys out shewyng. Who seith the best shal never repent, A vertu

callid of full grete reverens, 796-9.43, 59, 67, B265 The Best is behind etc.—varied refrain. Cisco Skelton Comely Coystrowne 1 17.68: The best is behynde. al525 Robin Hood and the B273 A good Be Still is worth a groat Potter in Child V 111.30: Her es more, and al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 815.67-8: And affter ys to saye. The best ys beheynde. 1555 theron was sowyd this scripture, "A good be Heywood E 170.137: The best is behynde, the still is weel wourth a groote," 817.136, 153, woorst is before. Apperson 40; Oxford 35; Tilley 818.171-2: A good be stille with discreet sciB318. See F493, W684. lence. For a good grote may not wel be bought. 1546 Heywood D 73.98: A good be still is B266 The Best is best cheap woorth a grote. Apperson 256; Oxford 36; Tilley 1546 Heywood D 83.119: The best is best B329. See S77. cheape. Apperson 39-40; Oxford 35; Tilley B319. B274 Better Betimes than too late aI420 Lydgate Troy I 46.1188: But bet it is B267 Choose (Keep to) the Best by-tymes than to late. 1523 Berners Froissart cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1208[В2398]: And in alle III 90[18-9]: It is better to be advysed betyme thise thynges thou shalt chese the beste, and than to late. Apperson 43: Better early. See weyve alle othere thynges. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 T211. 11[5]: Rede gode and bad, and kepe the to the best. B275 The Better you are the better besee {take care o f ) yourself B268 Deem the Best till the truth be tried out c l 2 5 0 Hendyng О 193.14: So the bet the be. So al400 Jug inscription (British Museum) in Joan the bet the bise. c l 2 5 0 Owl 106-8.1269-72: Evans English Art 1307-1461 (Oxford, 1949) Forthi seide Alfred swithe wel, And his worde 90[5-6]: Derne the best in every dowt Til the was Goddspel, That evereuch man, the bet trowthe be tryed out. cI450 Harley MS.3810 in him beo. Eaver the bet he hine beseo. c l 4 5 0 Bel. Ant. I 92[9-10]: Deme the best of every Douce MS.52 53.105: The better thou be doute, Tyl the truthe be tryed out, 205[5-6]. The bettur (the) be-se. c l 4 5 0 Rylands MS.394 C 1 4 5 0 Bodley MS.11951 in Fumivall Babees 103.17.19. Kneuer 31-3; Schleich 256-7; Singer Book 332.16-7. cl450 Serve thy god 262.33-4: III 130; Skeat 81. See £32, S671. Derne the best of every dome, Tyl the truthe be tryed out. cl475 Gregory Chronicle 217[25-6]: B276 Love your Better {varied ) God knovt^the, but every man deme the best aI400 Proverbie of Wysdom 245.69-70: Love all tylle the trought be tryde owte. a1500 See Much way thy better and grugge nott agen thy gretter. in Brovra Lyrics XV 280.31: Loke were thu art cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.75-6: Worschyp ay thi yn dowt, and deme the (beste). al500 Think bettyr And grotche not agayn thi gretter. cI450

B294

41

Bird

Ponthus 145.19-20: He that wolle soffre of his battre and of his grettre, he overcomes hym. alSOO Sone, I schal in Fumivall Babees Book 34.12: Unto thi betere evermore thou bowe. See B485, P345.

al393 Cower CA 11 374.2710-1: If he {the somnolent man) mai couche a doun his bile. He hath al wowed what him list. MED bile n. (1) 1(b).

B280 As great as a Bible 1515 Barclay St. George 67.1592: A myghty volume moche gretter than a byble.

blith as bird on brer. al475 Sinner's Lament in Anne L. Leonard Zwei mittelenglische Geschichten aus der Hölle (Zürich, 1891) 17.42. cl475 Henryson Fables 101.2941. Tilley B359; Whiting Scots 1 139.

B286 To shake one by the Bills B277 Seldom comes the Better с 1380 Chaucer HF 868: That he may shake hem al247 Odo of Cheriton 179[1]: Seide cumet se be the biles. MED bile n. (1) 1(b). See B118. betere. al325 Odo {Additional MS. 11579) in T. Wright ed.. Selection of Latin Stories (PS 8, B287 Fast Bind fast fmd 1546 Heywood D 23.28: Fast binde fast finde, 1842) 50[14]: Seide comet the lattere the betere. alSOO Douce MS. 101 in Odo of Cheriton, as 1555 E 195.283. Apperson 204; Oxford 192; Taylor and Whiting 27; Tilley B352; Whiting above, n.^: Sylden ys the latur prophete the Drama 100. See F149. bettur. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 17.551-2: When the good is gone (my mate this is the case), B288 He that Binds well can unbind well Seldome the better reentreth in the place. 1519 1484 Caxton Aesop 135[22-3]: For who that wel Horman Vulgaria 434[1]: It is comynly sayd: byndeth well can he unbynd. See B287. that selde cometh the better. 1546 Heywood D 25.23, 1555 E 164.110.4, 111.1. Apperson 556-7; Bird, see Fowl Oxford 572; Tilley B332. B289 As blithe as Bird on bough al330 Ugend of Mary 501.154: Icham blither B278 What is Better than well? than brid on bough. al400 Melayne 30.921: And cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3370: What wol ye bet als blythe als birde one boughe. al450 Seven than weel? cl395 V1II[G] 1283. Sages В 103.3035. Taylor and Whiting 27; Tilley B279 To brew a sorry (lither [bad]) Beverage B359; Whiting Ballad 26, NC 370. See F564. al300 Richard 307.4393: A sory beverage there B290 As blithe as Bird on brier was browen! cl300 Robert of Gloucester 1 al352 Minot 25.128: That are was blith als brid 45.621: So that a luther beverage to hare biofthe on brere. cl400 Seven Sages D 57.1797. al450 (var. byhofe) hii browe. See B529. Ave Gloriosa in Brown Lyrics XV 38.13: Als

B281 As true as the Bible el400 Toulouse 244.552(шг.): As trew as byble. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 282.10283: Trewe B291 As gentle and jolly as Bird on rice {[twig], as any byble. See G399, P48. bough) cl330 Orfeo 27.305: Gentil and jolif as brid on B282 To have more letters than a Bible ris. al400 Chestre Launfal 79.931: Gentyll, jolyf cl450 Idley 176.1109: 1 trowe more letter than is as bryd on bowe. al475 Landavall 125.433: in a bible. Jentyll and jolyff as birde on bowgh. B283 The Bigger eats the bean 1546 Heywood D 73.107: Alwaie the bygger B292 As glad as Bird of day cl330 Degare 117-8. 967-8(«οη): And shee was eateth the beane. Apperson 29; Tilley B345. gladde to see that syghtt As ever was byrde of B284 To be Bill under wing {varied ) the daye lyght. cl395 Chaucer CT V1I1[G] al393 Cower CA 111 126.6525-6: What he mai 1342: Was nevere brid gladder agayn the day. gete of his Michinge, It is al bile under the See F566. winge. al450 Seven Sages В 75.2195-7: And whende hyt were soth that ho sayed, And bylle B293 As jolly as Bird in May undyr vs^ge layede. And toke rest tyl hyt was al393 Cower CA II 109.2703-4: Mor jolif than daye (literal). 1546 Heywood D 73.113: If he the brid in Maii He makth him evere freissh chide, kepe you byll under wyng muet. MED and gay. Cf. Tilley B358. bile n. (1) 1(b); O φ r d 44; Skeat 134; Tilley B294 As light as Bird on bough (brier) B348. al450 York Plays 213.388: I am als light as B285 To couch down one's Bill birde on bowe. a1500 Basterfeld 367.45: Than

Bird

42

B295

was I lyght as byrd on brere. cl500 Occupations bryd, and put it in a cage . . . His libertee this of the Months in Robbins 62.5: I am as lyght as brid desireth ay. Cf. Tilley B361. byrde in bowe. Svartengren 297. See F567. B301 A Bird in the hand is better than two in B295 As meek as Bird in cage (etc.) (A number the wood (varied) of single quotations are brought together here) cl450 Capgrave Katharine 93-5.250-2: It is cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 136.4004: As meke as more sekyr a byrd in your fest Than to have bryd yn kage. al400 Firumbras 20.575-6: Was three in die sky a-bove. And more profytable to never bryd on morw so redy to flyght, Ne half so youre be-hove. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.4a in wod as roulond was to fyght. cl400 Beryn Retrospective 309[29]: Betyr ys a byrd in the 27.814: Ffor his hert was evir mery, ryght as the hond, than tweye in the wode. cl475 Rawlinsomer bridd. alSOO As I fared thorow in Dyboski son MS. D 328 119.27: Hyt ys better a byrd 89.41: And man were hayll as birde on bowgh. yn hon than iiij with-owyt. al500 Additiorml al500 To his Mistress in Robbins 204.5: Then MS.37075 278.17: Better (MS. beeter) ys the was I glade as bryde on brer, с1500 From a byrd yn hond than ij in the wodde. alSOO Hill Caitiff in Robbins 198.28: In grene growand as 128.6: A birde in hond is better than thre in bird on brere. clSOO King Hart 85.8: And als so the wode. 1509 Barclay Ship II 74[3-4]: Better have one birde sure within thy wall Or fast in a blyth as bird in symmer schene. Cage than twenty score without. cl525 Heywood B296 As merry as Bird on bough, etc. Wit 24[19-20]: An old proverb makythe with cl410 Lovelich Merlin II 336.12586: And also thys, whyche I tak good. Better one byrd in merye as bryd on bowh. cl450 Greene Carols hand then ten in the wood, [22-5], 26[19-20], 28 (refrain): Man be merie as bryd on berie. 1546 D 46.181: Better one byrde in hande than cl450 Idley 178.1200: And that shall make the ten in the wood, 1555 E 152.40. Apperson 48; murie as a birde on a boughe. cl475 Wisdom Oxford 44-5; Taylor and Whiting 27; Tilley 56.626. aI500 Alexander-Cassamus 73.497-8: B363; Whiting Drama 155, 221, Scots I 139. There is no bryde yn Erth meryere yn his cage Than he ys yn that presoun. cl500 Greene B302 The Bird is not praised for its fair feathers Carols p. 320 i[l]: And than I am mery ofte As al500 Additional MS.37075 278.23: No man any byrde on brere. Tilley B359; Whiting Bal- prysyth the byrde for hys fayre federys. Cf. lad 26. See F568. Tilley F153, 163. B297 A Bird could not come in (fly out) with- B303 The Birds are flown 1546 Heywood Ό 56.40: For er the next daie the out being seen al523 Berners Froissart II 237[18-9]: They birdes were flovrae eche one, 1555 E 194.280. were so straitly watched . . . that a byrde coud Apperson 49; Oxford 45; Taylor and Whiting 29; nat come out of the castell without spyeng, III Til ey B364; Whiting Ballad 35, Drama 291. 348[10-2]: A byrde coude scant have flyen into See N87. the towne, but that some of the host shulde B304 The Birds of heaven shall bear thy voice have sene her, it was so set rounde about. Mar(varied) garet Ersldne The Family at Tammerton (New cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes χ 20: For the briddis York, 1966) 205: He had that place sewed up so of hevene schulen bere thi vois, and he that hath tightly that I doubt if even a fly could have left. pennys, schal telle the sentence. 1546 Heywood B298 A Bird does not change its nest for small D 74.140-2: I did lately heere, . . . By one byrd, that in mine eare was late chavmtyng. Apperson occasion cl515 Barclay Eclogues 144.136: For small occa- 48; Oxford 45; Taylor and Whiting 27; Tilley sion a birde not chaungeth nest. Cf. Apperson B374. See S123. 187: Every bird likes its own nest; Oxford 45; B305 The good Bird afaites (trains) itself Tilley B385; Whiting NC 371:17. cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 14.6-8: For it is B299 The Bird flies so oft about the glue (bird- sayde in comyn langage, that the goode byrde affeyteth hirself. See B316. lime) that he loses his feathers cl440 Scrope Epistle of Othea 109[7-8]: The B306 It is a foul Bird that fouls its own nest birde that flieth so ofte abovrte the glewe that (varied) he lesyth his feddris. MED brid lc(d). See B623. el250 Owl 10.98-100: Tharbi men segget a vorbisne: "Dahet habbe that ilke best That fuleth B300 A Bird in a cage desires its liberty cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 163-74: Taak any his owe nest." cl390 Of Women cometh this

B318

43

Birr

Worldes Weal in Brown LyHcs XIV 176.73-4: B311 To fly like a Bird I holde that Brid muche to blame That de- cl410 Lovelich Grail IV 262.765: And lyk As fouleth his owne nest. al400 Bozen Contes tweyne briddes they Comen fleynge, 277.4-5: (Latin) 205[30-l]; Hyt ys a fowle brydde that As swyftly as Evere brid gan to fle It drof the fylyth hys owne neste. 1402 Hoccleve Letter vessel forth. 1484 Caxton Royal Book G2''[4-5]: of Cupid 80.183-6: An olde proverbe seyde Moche faster fledde fro us than byrdes fleyng. ys in englyssh: men seyn "that brid or foule cl515 Barclay Eclogues 107.27-8: But start fro ys dyshonest, What that he be and holden ful my bed, as lightly was I prest, Almoste as a chirlyssh. That useth to defoule his oune neste." birde out flyeth from her nest. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 391.1593-4: It is neyther wurshipful ne honest On-to mankeende B3I2 To keep close as a Bird in a bush (etc.) to foule soo his nest. cl450 Idley 82.89: It is an (A number of single quotations are brought tounclene birde defouleth his neste. 1509 Barclay gether here) Ship I 173[7]: It is a lewde byrde that fyleth al393 Cower CA II 264.1412-3: Bot as a bridd his owne nest. al513 Dunbar In Frais of Wemen which were in Mue Withinne a buissh sehe 83.23: That fowll his nest he fylis. al529 Skelton kepte hire clos. cl400 Laud Troy I 171.5803-4: Ckirnesche I 125.195-8: Rede and leme ye may. A Thousand knyghtes alle at ones Fel on Ector How olde proverbys say. That byrd ys nat hon- as bryddes in grones (snares; MS.: groves). cl450 est That fylythe hys owne nest. 1533 More Idley 189.1867: And laye stille in his bedde as Confutación 685 B[2-4]: Then shall ye see for birde in his neste. cl450 Merlin I 183[34-5]: lacke of other shift this fayre egle byrde foule We shall be take as a bridde in a nette. al533 beflle hys nest. 1546 Heywood D 75.163: It is a Berners Huon 475.21-2: They fledde before hym foule byrd, that fyleth his owne nest. Apperson as the byrde dothe before the hauke. 323; Jente 677; Oxford 314; Taylor and Whiting 28; Tilley B377; Whiting Ballad 23, Scots 1139. B3I3 To live as a Bird al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 153[24]: Dame Jone kept hir dere, thei lyved als birde in cage. B307 Like a Bird in a cage cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1281-2: They lyve but cl400 Laud Troy II 486.16503: And thow him as a bryd . . . In libertee. a1400 Wyclif Semwns holdis as brid In cage. cl450 Idley 179.1271: I 194[20-1]: Lyvynge comun lyf as briddis, and Keepe hym cloos as a birde an a cage. 1513 taken noon heede to worldeli goodis. Douglas Aeneid IV 187.16-7: My muse sal now be cleyn contemplatyve. And solitar, as doith B314 To ride like Birds seeking their prey the byrd in cage. 1525 Berners Froissart VI 1525 Berners Froissart V 235[27-8]: These sayd 367[18-9]: The kyng than myght have slayne Almayns rode alwayes covertly, lyke byrdes hym . . . as easely as a byrde in a cage, al533 flyeng in the ayre sekyng for their praye. Cf. Huon 207.21-2: These frenchemen are as a byrde Whiting NC 370: All birds of prey are silent. beynge in a cage. Whiting Scots I 140. B315 We shall catch Birds to-morrow 1546 Heywood D 89.46: Than we shall catche B308 Not a Bird to be taken by chafif 1481 Caxton Reynard 110[25-6]: I am no byrde byrds to morow, 1556 Spider 122[27-8]: Be ye to be locked ne take by chaf, I know wel ynowh there againe (quoth the flie), by my fay. We good com. Apperson 49; Oxford 85; Taylor and shall catch byrdes to morow: and flies to day. Apperson 49; Oxford 84; Tilley B398. MTiiting 29; Tilley B396. See D320. B309 One Bird can chastise itself by another B316 A well engorged (fed) Bird keeps well its nest (varied) cl515 Barclay Eclogues 51.27: A birde well inal450 Quixley Ballades 48.309: О brid by a gorged kepes well her nest. See B305. nother can hym chastie, 316, 323. 1509 Barclay Ship I 204[24-5]: For if one byrde be onys tane B317 As clean (bare) as a Bird's Arse in a snare. The other avoyde as fast as they cl475 Mankind 18.482: Yt ys as clen as a byrdis may flee. See C161, M170. ars. 1528 More Heresyes 238 B[ll-2]: As bare as a byrdes arse. 1546 Heywood D 90.60. ApperB310 To be latched (caught) like a Bird in son 25; Svartengren 254; Tilley B391. Cf. Taylor snare Comparisons 58; Whiting NC 431: Jaybird. al325 Flemish Insurrection 119.83: Hue were laht by the net, so bryd is in snare. Cf. Whiting B318 He has Birr (wind ) who may bide (it) Drama 306:29. al325 Hendyng С 183-4.10: Birre haved, that

Bishop

44

wele bide mai. Kneuer 23-5; Schleich 268; Singer III 135-6. See A8, T303, W264.

B319

1016.3441, 1439 St. Albon 112.99: I have no colours but only blacke and whyte. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 11.337-8: I have no Colour but Oonly Chalk and sable. To peynte or portreye. Apperson 53; Oxford 47; Taylor and Whiting 30; Tilley B439.

B319 As poor (bare) as the Bishop of Chester al475 Herkyn to my tale in Rei. Ant. I 81[4]: Then wax I as pore as tho byschop of Chestur, Herkons to my tale 85[4]: I wolde I were as bare as the beschope of Chester! Apperson 25. B329 To beat Black and blue al460 Towneley Plays 247.126: Bett hym blak B320 A Bishop that speaks not is made a porter and bloo. Oxford 27. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 30. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[24-5]: A bisshop that spekyth not is made a porter of a B330 To make Black white (white black) gate. aI393 Cower III 292.2187-8: Of feigned wordes make him wene That blak is whyt and blew is B321 As bollen (swollen) as a Bit (leather bottle) grene. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 389.14394: cl300 Body and Soul 37 L 212: That list ther And pre ve also that whyht ys blak. с1450 Foly bollen as a bite. of Fulys 56.155: Thai luf nocht to так of blak quhyt. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 49[17-8]: He had B322 To bridle with a rough Bit 1555 Heywood E 159.80: I wyll brydell the taughte his sone make of blak whyte and of whyte black. alSOO Mischance Reigns in Wright with rough byt, wyfe. Political Poems II 240[9-10]: Wyght ys blak, as B323 The Bitch bites ill though she bark still many men seye, And blak ys wyght, but summe (varied ) men sey nay. 1525 Berners Froissart V 8[8-ll]: al250 Proverbs of Alfred 132 Τ 616-21: The He was so blynded with this duke . . . that if he bieche bitit ille, Thau he berke stille; So deit the had sayd. Sir, this is whyte, though it had ben lusninde luthere mon Ofte then he dar-it don blacke, the kyng wolde nat have sayd the conThau he be with-uten stille. He bit with-innin trayre. 1528 More Heresyes 170 A[8-9]: They hille. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 408.15150-2: woulde all tell me that a thynge were white I kan byte also be-hynde With my sharpe tooth which I see my self is black, 1532 Confutación iful wel. And yet ne berke neveradel. Apperson 403 A[3-5]: We woulde at his word take white 157; Jente 746; Oxford 23; Skeat 43; Tilley for blacke, and blacke for whyte, 1534 Comforte D503. See D309. 1151 E[4-5]: Wher white is called blacke, and right is called wronge. Oxford 48, 705; Taylor B324 To drink the Bitter with the sweet al393 Cower CA II 82.1708-10: He drmkth the and Whiting 30; Tilley B440, 441; Whiting bitre with the swete. He medleth sorwe with Drama 335:406, Scots I 140. likynge. And liveth, as who seith, deyinge. See B331 What compare is between Black and R220, S945. white? (varied) B325 After Bitterness comes sweetness 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 3.27: Or quhat compar al200 Ancrene 191.13-4: Efter bitternesse is betwix blak and quhyte. 1533 More Confukimeth swetnesse. See B52, E161, 175, F295, tación 672 A[4-5]: As unlike as are whyte and 502, H178, J61, L2, 70, P8, S298, 507, T484, blacke. Tilley B438. See J32. W146, 287. B332 Blackbeard or whitebeard B326 As true as Black is blue 1450 Paston II 152[12-4]: Then they shall be 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I 182.17-9: quyt by Blackberd or Whyteberd; that ys to sey, That is as trew As blacke is blew And grene is by God or the Devyll. MED blak adj. 1(e). gray. B333 Not set a Blackberry B327 Black will take no other hue cl412 Hoccleve Regement 170.4715: He settith 1546 Heywood D 93.86: Blacke will take none noght therby a blakberie. other hew. Apperson 53; Oxford 49; Tilley B436. B334 To go Blackberrying B328 In Black and white (white and black) cI390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 405-6: I rekke nevere, cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1320: Have here a light, whan that they been beryed. Though that hir and loke on al this blake. al439 Lydgate Fall I soules goon a-blakeberyed! MED a-blak(e)13.465: Havyng no colours but onli whit and beried Cf. Taylor and Whiting 31. See S527. blak, III 1015.3399-400: Nor othir colours this processe tenlumyne, Sauff whyte and blak. B335 As fat as a Bladder

B350

45

cl395 Pierce 9.222: With a face as fast as a full bledder.

Blind

al500 Beves 70 M 1217-8: They (heathen gods) geve the theire blessynge. That is shorte li£Fe and evill endyng.

B336 As full as a Bladder of wind cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 73.18-9: For B347 To give a Blessing in a clout here modinesse, hwarof here herte is swa full 1546 Heywood D 96.186: Ye can geve me your blessyng in a clout. Apperson 254: God-fathers; swa is bladdre of winde. Oxford 248; Tilley G277. B337 A Bladder full of wind is laid low by a B348 The Blind eat many a fly needle's point (varied ) al200 Ancrene 145.7-9: A bleddre ibollen of cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.120: Many a flee etes the wind ne deveth nawt in to theose halwende blynde. cl490 Sloane MS.747 f.66a: The blynde weattres, Ah a nelde prichunge warpeth al the etyth many a flye. al500 Additional MS.37075 windut. cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 438-41: For 277.3. al500 Scorn of Women in Robbins every mortal mannes power nys But lyk a 224-5.7, 14, etc. (refrain). cl500 Trials of Old bladdre ful of wynd, ywys. For with a nedles Men in Love in Robbins 164.8. cl500 Of their poynt, whan it is blowe. May al the boost of it nature in Stow Chaucer (1561) СССХЬГ[2.14]: be leyd ful lowe. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende Beware alwaye the blind eateth many flye, ЗбУ-": Thy powre . . . is lyke a bladder ful of [2.20-1]: But whether that the blind eate flesh wynde, whyche wyth the pryckyng of a nedyll or fish, I pray God kepe the fly out of my dishe. 1528 Skelton Replycacion I 213.151-2: But, as ys anone gon awey and come to nought. the man sayes. The blynde eteth many a flye, B338 To swell like a Bladder cf. 216.244, 252. 1546 Heywood D 77.231: The al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 382-3.14143-4: That, blynde eate many flies, 1555 E 175.165, 191.259. lyk a bladder, in ech cost, I wex swolle with Apperson 55-6; Oxford 50; Tilley B451; Whiting ther bost. Cf. Whiting Scots I 140. Drama 50, Scots I 141. See F338. B339 As white as Blanehflower B349 If the Blind bearing the lame stumble, cl400 Laud Troy II 452.15350-1: Pollexene, both shall fall That is whitter then Blauncheflour. See F308. cl385 Usk 72.92-3: (If) the blynde in bering of the lame ginne stomble, bothe shulde falle. B340 Not set a Bias (breath) cl420 Wyntoun IV 282.2024: A blase I set nocht al500 О man more 394.40: The lame man dothe the blynde man lede. by yow baith. B350 If the Blind lead the blind they both fall B34I To blow a cold Blast al460 Towneley Plays 127.344: Els blawes a into the ditch a900 Alfred Gregory 29.7-8: Gif se blinda Öone cold blast! See W309. blindan laet, hi feallaö begen on aenne pytt. B342 As breme (fierce) as Blaze clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 320[13-5]: Be Sam cl385 Chaucer TC iv 184: As breme as blase of cwaeö se Haelend to his discipulum, "Gif se straw iset on-fire. blinda man biS oSres blindan latteow, Jjonne befeallaö hi begen on sumum blindum seaSe," B343 As bright as a Blaze of fire Pastoral Letters 15.65, 130.173. clOOO WSG cl300 Havelok 46.1253-4: Al so briht, al so shir Matthew xv 14: Se blinda gyf he blindne laet, So it were a blase of fir. al400 Scottish Legends big feallaS begen on aenne pytt, Luke vi 39. I 264.295-6: Scho aperit til hyr in gret Ire, And al023 Wulfstan Institutes of Polity in Napier visage as bles of fyre. cl485 Mary Magdalene 276.9-10: Hu mseig bli(n)d man odierne Isedan. (Digby) 91.967: As bryth as fyr'ys blase. cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 127.10: The blinde latt thane blinde. al300 Alisaunder B344 To shine like a Blaze clOOO Dioskorídes in Cockayne I 300[22-3]; 265.4742: And wers may blynde blynde siweye. cl300 Body and Soul 49 L 367-8: Ac hwanne J)eos wyrt . . . scineS on nihte swa bísese. the blinde lat the blinde, In dike he fallen bothe B345 As black as Bleck (ink) two. al393 Gower CA II 231.179-81: And as al400 Ipomadon A 176.6156: Blake as any the blinde an other ledeth And til thei falle bleche (so MS.) hys face. MED biacche (a). nothing dredeth, Riht so thei hadde non insihte. See 143. cl395 WBible Matthew xv 14: And if a blynd B346 The Blessing of the heathen gods: a short man lede a blynd man, bothe fallen doun in to the diche, Luke vi 39. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) life and evil ending

Bliss

46

162.33-163.1: As god seith in the gosspell, whan the blinde ledeth the blinde, bothe fallen in the diche. al400 Wyclif Semons I 73[28-9]: Lake, 160[ll-2], 210[ll-2], 305[ll-2], II 25[13-4]: But now foolis and sinful men lede other foolis into the diche. cl400 Elucidarium 27[l-2], 31[29-30]: That the blynde ledith the blinde, that al cristendom is nygh fallen into the diche of eendeles dampnacioun. cl400 How Men ought to Obey Prelates in Wyclif EW 32[14-5]: Lake. cl400 Of Curatis in Wyclif EW 153[l-2]. cl400 Of Prelates in Wyclif EW 88[32-3]: Thus blynde anticristis prelatis leden blynde lordis . . . to helle. cl400 Satan and his Priests in Wyclif EW 266[25-6]: Lake of synne. cl400 Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW 111 133[19-20]. cl400 Why Poor Priests Have No Benefices in Wyclif EW 248[15-6]. cl4I5 Middle English Sermons 139.33-5. aI425 Mirk Instructions 1.1-3. cl425 Orcherd 267.6-7. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 172.25-6. al475 Corruption of the Times in Wright Political Poems II 235-7.8, 16, etc. (refrain): Ffor now the bysom ledys the blynde. cl500 Smith 323.73-5; For, and two blynd men together go. Full oft they fall bothe two—It must nedes be so. 1506 Barclay Castell C8''[l-2]: Whan one blynde ledeth another, lyghtly Often they bothe fall in the pytte, 1509 Ship I 203[5-6]: A blynde man hym ledyth that also hath no syght. So both in the dyche fallyth. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 124.12-3. 1509 Watson Ship K2''[26-9]: One blynde man can not love another, but dyifameth eche other, and somtyme the one ledeth the other in an evyll waye and falleth bothe in the dytche and all bycause that they have no guyde. al513 Dunbar Maner of Passing 168.34-5: Thow ma rycht weill in thi mynde consydder That ane blynde man is led furth be ane uther. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 57.1824: I sawe a losell lede a lurden, and they were bothe blynde. 1546 Heywood D 72.59: Where the blynd leadth the blynd, both fall in the dike. Apperson 56; Oxford 51; Taylor and Whiting 33; Tilley B452; Whiting Drama 101, Scots I 140. B351 All worldly Bliss is mixed with bitterness al439 Lydgate Fall I 59.2161: Al worldU blisse is meynt with bittimesse. See J59. B352 Bliss that comes after woe is full sweet al300 Jacob and Joseph 18.533: The blisse is ful swete that cometh after WO· See S944· B353 As blunt as a Block 1533 More Confutación 682 F[14]: As blont as a blocke. Cf. Tilley B453.

B351 B354 To fall like a Block cl400 Cleges 55.451-2: He gafe the steward sych a stroke, That he fell doime lyke a bloke. B355 To lay a Block in another's way 1533 More Confutación 539 C[9-12]: Men might . . . laye a blocke or twayne in hys waye, that woulde breake hys shinnes ere he lepte over it. 1546 Heywood D 74.144: I have . . . mo blockes in his waie to laie. Tilley B454. Β35β As black (swart) as a Bloman (Ethiopian) al200 Ancrene 121.21: Blac ase blamon. al225 Si. Marherete 24.21-2: Muche deale blackre then eaver eani blamon. cl300 South EngUsh Legendary (Laud) 372.176: Swarttore thane evere ani bloughman. B357 As bright as Blood (on snow) al300 Tristrem 38.1354-5: A brid bright thei ches As blood opon snoweing. cl390 Salutacioun to ure lady 135.35: Heil brihtor then the blod on snowe. cl410 Lovelich Merlin II 412.15401-2: And as bryht coloured forto se As dropes of blod in snow. al450 Castle 87.356: Ther Criste syttyht, bryth as blode. B358 As red as (any) Blood al200 Lawman II 243.15940: The other rasd alse blod. al300 Richard 94.306: A stede rede as blode, 95.333, 106.557. al300 Tristrem 37.12991300: Riche sail thai drewe. White and red so blod. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 318.10203, 319.10229. cl308 Adam Davy 15.140. al325 Cursor II 574.9999: It es rede als ani blod, III 1286.22497: ani. al325 Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 104.90[3]. cl330 Degare 99.662. 1381 Ancient Cookery in Forme of Cury 101[20]: any. al387 Higden-Trevisa 1 123[7]. cl387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 635. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa СЗ"[1.32-3), 92··[2.6], 115"· [1.6]. al400 Floris 91.622. cl400 Brut I 72.31-2, 204.16-7: eny. cl400 Florence 14.387. cl400 Laud Troy I 145.4901-2: any, 214.7272: any, II 402.13646-7: any. cl400 Mandeville Travels 141.17-8. cl400 Roland 131.859-60. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 292.510: any, 360.287: any, 362.375, 365.462, 381.464-5: ony. Merlin II 238.8952, 111 455.16993: any. al415 Mirk FesHal 132.1. cl415 Middle English Sermons 217.13: anny. cl420 Wyntoun II 22.119: As blude als rede, IV 381.783-4: And the mone als reide was seyn, Bludlyk as it al blude had beyn. al422 Lydgate Life 529.1401: any. al425 Ipomadon В 314.2182: any. cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 410.786. al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 381.29. 1464 Hardyng 217[l-2]. al470 Malory II 988.8,990.18-9. al471 English Chroni-

B371

47

Bloom

ele 63[5-6]. 1471 Ripley Compound 162[20]. is spent. Oxford 52; Taylor and Whiting 33; Tilley B458; Whiting Drama 263, 281, 284, 291, cl477 Norton Ordinali 90[17]. 1483 Caxton Scots I 141. Golden Legende 139''[1.27-8], 42Г[1.14-5]: ony. alSOO Croxton Sacrament in Waterhouse 76.594. B362 Churlish Blood seldom recures (gets) to be al500 Eger 275.1501: any. alSOO Partenay gentle 113.3213. al500 Right noble Lord in Ashmole aI439 Lydgate Fall II 559.3156-7: For cherlissh 392[3]: As red as blood as Gold it were. al500 blood seelde doth recure To be gentil be weie of Take Erth of Erth in Ashmole 270[7-8]. cl500 his nature. See C270. Greene Carols 78.3. cl500 King Hart 110.18. cl500 Lady Bessy 33[19]: any. cl515 Barclay B363 Even Blood, even good, even age makes Eclogues 217.981. Apperson 526; Oxford 535; meetly (fitting) marriage Taylor and Whiting 33; Tilley B455; Whiting aI450 Audelay 4.83-5: Evan of blood, evan good, evan of age. Fore love to-geder thus cum Drama 306:31, Scots I 141. thai schalde. Fore thes makus metely maryage, B358a Blood-red 209.14-6. Apperson 366: Like; Oxford 368; clOOO Apuleius in Cockayne 1 242[15]: San- Tilley B465. See C401, L551, M175, Y33. guineus, {jast is blodread. allOO Phoenix Homily 147.11: His fet synden blodreade. cl300 Robert B364 Gentle Blood loves gentle drink of Gloucester I 465.6390: A robe . . . of blod red aI500 Best tre in Dyboski 106.81-2: Gentili scarlet, II 614.8611. cI300 South English Legend- blode loveth gentili drynk, Nam simile amat ary (Laud) 254.475. cl308 Adam Davy 13.63. simile. See L272. al350 (MED al333) Quis est iste in Brown Lyrics X/V28.2. al382 WBible Isaiah i 18: Thai B365 There is no Blood in a stockfish weren red as blod red silc, cl395: Though youre 1555 Heywood E 184.209: Thou never sawst synnes ben as blood reed. al400 Alexander С bloud bleed out of a stockfish. Cf. Apperson 56; 270.5472. al400 Meditations 12.422, 35.1310: Oxford 694; Taylor and Whiting 34; Tilley (bl)od-red lilie. al400 Perceval 20.606, 36.1101. B466, W107. cl400 Alexander Buik III 248,5023. cl420 Wyn- B366 To fry in one's Blood toun II 69.779-80. cI440 Revelation in York- cl395 WBible Song of Solomon ν 6 gloss: Thershire Writers I 389[42]. al445 Carl 152.563. for it is seid of a man left in turment, he is al470 Malory I 321.14-5. alSOO Gowther fried in his blood. See G443. 154.467(шг.). Cisco Greene Carols 321.4. 1501 Douglas Palice 7.14, 1513 Aeneid III 175.40. B367 To love as one's Blood MED blod-red; NED Blood-red; Taylor and cl300 Beves 77.1468: That i lovede ase min hertte blode. cl300 South English Legendary I Whiting 33; Whiting Ballad 26. 110.9: The quene lovede hure owe sone as echman deth is blod. See B569, L252. 8359 Blood draws to blood al420 Lydgate Troy II 454.2071-2: For natu- Β3β8 True Blood may not lie relly blod wil ay of kynde Draw im-to blod, cl489 Caxton Aymon I 248.25: But as men wher he may it fynde. Cf. Taylor and Whiting sayen, "true blood may not lye." 33: Blood is thicker than water. See L272, S293. B369 Unkind Blood comes of unkind blood B360 Blood (kin) may suffer blood to be hungry, (varied ) but blood may not see blood bleed cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 42.1168: Of unkynde cl378 Piers В xviii 392-3: For blode may suffre cumth unkynde blode. al420 Lydgate Troy I blode bothe hungry and akale, Ac blode may 147.132-3: A man for litel wil strive with his nought se blode blede, but hym rewe. Apperbrother; Blood is unkynde, whiche gretly is to son 439: Need; Oxford 570: See him; Tilley drede. S201; Whiting Scots I 175: Friend. B370 To hang like a Blood-pudding B361 Blood will have blood al400 Ipomadon A 176.6151-2: Every lype, I cl395 WBible Genesis ix 6: Who evere schedith dar avowe, Hyngyth lyke a blode puddyngel out mannus blood, his blood schal be sched. al439 Lydgate Fall I 199.7048-9: As riht re- B371 As bright as Bloom quereth, bi unwar violence. Blood shad for blood al350 Isumbras 20.251-2: Hir lyre es als . . . is fynal recompence, 309.3897-9, II 353.886: bryghte als blome on tree. cl390 Gregorius Blood shad for blood, aI449 Fabula in MP II 26.203: Ther lai the ladi briht so blom, 116.900: 512.802: Blood wil have wreche, that wrongfully briht so the blome. cl400 Florence 24.686.

Bloom

48

B372

B372 To bear the Bloom springith in the feld. cl400 Gowther 136.35. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 146.4166: Of alle aI475 Seege of Troye 201 Η 1582f. knyghtes he bar the blome, 367.10512: That he over hym ne bar the blome, В II 322[20]. See B382 As sweet as Blossom on tree (brier) al400 Meditations 51.1921-2: He goth awey fro B36, 230, F316. me, Swetter than is the blosme on tre. alSOO B373 To welk (wither) like a Bloom Coventry Plays 46.399: Swetter than eyver wasse al400 Northern Verse Psalter II I I (102.15): Man blossum on brere! See F307. his dales ere als hai. Als blome of felde sal he B383 As white as Blossom on tree, etc. welyen (for welken) awa. See F328. cl330 Gregorius 41 A 58: To hir that was white B374 As bright as Blossom so blosme on tre, 55 A 166, cl350 138 С 875: al425 Somer Soneday in Rei Ant. II 8[29]: The lady white so blosme on bow. cl350 OctaBryght as the blostme, with browes i-bente. vian (NL) 67.40-1: He byhelde hir faire lyre. al450 Audelay 204.29: Breghter then the blos- Was whyte so blossome on the brere. cl390 sum that blomyth on the hill. alSOO Lambewell Chaucer CT I[A] 3323-4: And therupon he I 147.83. Cisco Newton 264.25. clSOO Smith hadde a gay surplys As whit as is the blosme 328.526. Whiting Scots I 141. See F302. upon the rys. cl400 Triamour 62.628: Sehe was whyte OS blossom on flowre. aI508 Dunbar B375 As bright as Blossom on bough cl390 Gregorìus 136.1047: The ladi bright so Goldyn Targe 114.51: A saill, als quhite as blosme on bouh. al400 Atheisten 76.290: As blossum upon spray. Whiting Scots I 141. See bryght as blosme on bowgh. al460 Towneley F308. Plays 162.70-1: An angeli to me drogh, As B384 Blue (Inde, Azure) is true (varied) blossom bright on bogh. aI325 Cursor II 574.9991-3: The midward heu B376 As bright as Blossom on brier cl350 Libeaus 36.623-4: A maide y-clipped in arme, As bright as blosme on brere. cl390 Gregorius 6.47: A douhter briht so blosme on brere, 34.286. aI400 Athelston 69.72. aI400 Chestre Launfal 79.934. aI400 Le Morte Α. 23.724, 27.835. al450 Castle 174.3247: Bryther thaime blossum on brere. al450 York Plays 220.20. aI475 Landavall 125.431. alSOO Octavian (JVC) 66.40-1. clSOO Newton 269 xiii 6. cl500 Smith 324.214. B377 As bright as Blossom on broom cl350 Gregorius 116 С 728: The lady bright so blosme on brom (R the brom). B378 (As) bright as Blossom on the spray 1523 Skelton Garlande 1 417.1412: Her ble was bryght as blossom on the spray. B379 As bright as Blossom on tree cl390 Gregorius 54.432: That er was briht so blosme on treo. cl400 Toulouse 234.332-3. B380 As comfortable (pleasing) as Blossom on brier al500 Beauty of his Mistress 111 in Bobbins 127.17: Your chere ys as comfortable as blossome on brere. B38I As red as Blossom on brier cI330 Tars 33.14: With rode red so blosme on brere. al400 Le Morte Α. 6.179-80: Hyr Rode was rede as blossom on brere, Or floure that

that is of Ind . . . That es takening of al sothfast. cl370 PChaucer Agairist Women Unconstant 7, 14, 21: In stede of blew, thus may ye were al grene. cl375 Chaucer Anel. 329-32: Your figure Before me stont, clad in asure, To profren eft a newe asure For to be trewe, cl385 TC iii 885: This blewe ryng. cl385 Usk 92.34-6: This jewel, closed in a blewe shel, (by) excellence of coloures sheweth vertue from within, 45-7: Kyndely heven, whan mery weder is a-lofte, apereth in mannes eye of coloure in blewe, stedfastnesse in pees betokening within and without. cI395 Chaucer CT V[F] 644-5: And covered it with veluettes blewe. In signe of trouthe that is in wommen sene. al420 Lydgate Troy I 74.2090: Whos (women's) blewe is lightly died in-to grene, 218.2577: Now stable as blew, cl433 Si. Edmund 416.117: The saphir blewh his hevenly stabilnesse, al439 Fall I 182.6445-7: She wered coloures off many dyvers hewe. In stede off bleu, which stedfast is and cleene; She loved chaunges off many dyvers greene (cf. MP II 444.75-7), III 676.43-4: Hir habit was of manyfold colours: Wachet bleuh of feyned stedfastnesse, 1439 Si. Albon 122.666: The felde of Asure betokneth stedfastnes. cl440 Charles of Orleans 39.1153-4: The coloure blew Which hewe in love is callid stedfastnes, 161.4807: For as for blew y clothe therin myn hert. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 493.195-6: Of stable blew is her bothen hewe To shewe that too in love wer nevir so trewe. cl450 Holland Howlat

8393

49

Boar

62.430-1: In the takinnyng of treuth and con- thatt as a bore . . . ys ravennous, 86.2752: As stance kend, The colour of asure, ane hevinliche fers ynne batyl as eny bore, 144.4041. hewe. cl450 ?Suffolk What shal I say 166.21-2: B389 As bold as (a, any) Boar My colour shal be blewe, That folke may know cI350 Libeaus 76.1362: Beld as wilde bore. of my stedfast lyvyng. alSOO Assembly 383.83: cI375 Barbour Bruce I 36.233: And barownys Her colours blewe, al that she had upon, that war bauld as bar. al400 Susan 182.226: a. 384.116: Al your felawes and ye must come in al400 Le Morte Α. 8.229. al400 Torrent 55.1576: blew. al500 Court of Love 415-6.246-8: Lo! eny. cl400 Florence 21.602: any, 54.1593: any. yonder folk . . . that knele in blew. They were Whiting Scote I 142. the colour ay, and ever shall. In sign they were, and ever will be trew. alSOO Love Longing in B390 As breme {fierce) as (a, any) Boar Bobbins 217.89-90: My tombe ytt schalbe blewe al325 Cursor I 286.4899: The sargantz that In tokyne that I was trewe. al500 Squire ware brem als bare. al350 Isumbras 13.168 12.205-6: Then shall ye were a shelde of blewe. {var.): And watirs breme als bare. cl375 Si. In token (that) ye shall be trewe. Apperson 648; Peter and St. Paul 69.403: any. cl380 Ferumbras Oxford 672; Taylor and Whiting 34; Tilley T542; 22.545: And bente hym brymly as a bor. al400 Amadace (i) 33[20]. al400 Eglamour 46.685: any. Whiting Scote I 141. See G452. al400 Ipomadon A 105.3652: any, 184.6432, B385 At the first (sudden) Blush 211.7405: any, 220.7705-6: any, 223.7826: any. cl454 Pecock Folewer 39.12: At the first bluysch, al400 Le Morte Α. 8.229, 9.266: Breme as Any cI456 Faith 206[22-3]: At the first blusch of Wilde bore, 30.951: any, 47.1600, 62.2101: any, reding of hem, tho bokis apperiden not to be 66.2214: any, 78.2606: any, 98.3248-9: Mordred such. al500 Medwall Nature G2'[40-l]: 1 shuld . . . Made hym breme As Any bore at bay. not ly At the fyrst blushe. 1519 Horman Vul- al400 Melayne 31.948, 969, 40.1236. al400 garia 132[19-20]: He speketh or writteth better Rowlande 60.166, 80.802, 93.1237, 98.1396: any. and more comelye: at a soden blusshe: than with cl400 Gowther 139.108 {var.). cl400 Laud Troy avisement. MED blish 2; NED Blush sb. 2. 1 309.10480: any. cl440 Dégrevant 80.1255-6: B386 After the Boar the leech and after the hart a. cl450 Holland Howlat 73.775: a. aI470 Malory III 1193.6-7: ony. al475 Golagros 25.733,28.822: the bier ane. alSOO Eger H 275.1506: any. al500 Türke c l 4 I 0 Edward of York Master 15[13-5]: TherI 92.36. cl500 Wife Lapped 214.847: a. al513 fore men seyn in olde sawes, aftir the boor the Dunbar Of the Passioun 157.58: Als brim as ony leche, and aftere the hert the boor {for bere). baris woid. 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I B387 As abelgen {enraged ) as a Boar 187.161: Your beard so brym as bore at bay. aiaOO Lawman I 72.1696-9: Brutus wes on- Tilley B482; Whiting Scots 1 142. bolgen Swa bith tha wilde baer, Wenne hundes hine bistondeth I thon wode-londe, II B391 As keen {savage) as a Boar 469.21261-4: Al wœs the king abolgen, Swa bith a750 Riddles in Exeter Book 200.18: Ond eofore the vrilde bar, Thene he i than maeste, Monie eom aeghwaer cenra. cl400 Triamore 67.834: As (swyn) imeteth, III 217.30319-23: And he iwrasth kene as ony bore. abolgen Wunder ane swithe, Swa bith a bar Wilde, Thenne he bith in holte Bistoden mid B392 As wood {mad) as (a, any) Boar cl375 St. Katherine in Horstmann Legenden hunden. 1881 171.558: That was als wode als a wild bare. B388 As anbursten {angered) as a Boar {etc.) al400 Destruction of Troy 211.6523: And as wode (A number of single quotations are brought as a wild bore wan on his horse, 219.6813: As together here) wode in his wit as a wild bore. al400 Ipomaal200 Lawman III 25.25831-2: And he an- don A 228.8013: He was as wode as any bore, bursten agon, Swulc (hit) weore a wilde bar. 229.8032: Thowe thow were wode as bore. al420 al325 Song of the Husbandman in Böddeker Lydgate Troy II 547.5297-8: As wood As boor, 104.51: Cometh the maister budel, brust {en- III 686.4158-9: As wood As any . . . boor. al450 raged) ase a bore. al400 Ipomadon A 176.6148: Partonope 151.4226-7: Kynge Somegowre That Blake brysteld as a bore, 6176: Blakkere more wode ys as a wylde bore. Whiting Scote I 142. then a bore, 237.8324: As gryme as any bare (MS. bore). al400 Siege of Jerusalem 44.781: B393 To come like a Boar Than wroth as a wode bore he wendeth his cl300 Lawman В II 250.16093-6: Uther sal bridul. al450 Partonope 82.2655-7: Agysor . . . habbe one sone. That sal ut of Comwale come.

Boar

50

8394

Alse hit were a wilde bor, Ibrustled mid stele. the mouth he dyd fome. 1546 Heywood D al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 290.8267-8: Uter 53.405, 1556 ^ider 264[5]. Oxford 212; Tilley sone schal com fro Comewaille, As a fyghtyng B484; Whiting Пгапш 306:33, Scots I 142. bor in bataille. al500 Amadace (A) 250.171: He B398 To grent {gnash the teeth) like a Boar come lyke a breme bare. (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) B394 To defend oneself like the (a) Boar 1340 Ayenbite 69[ll-2]: Hi ham defendeth ase al300 Alisaunder 305.5837: That he grented als the bor. cl400 Vices and Virtues 67.4: Thai a bore. cl300 Havelok 61.1866-7: But dursten defenden hem-self as a boor. cl450 Merlin II he newhen him no more Thanne he bor . . . 210[5-6]: But deffended hem on fote as wilde wore. сХЗЗО Rouland 54.629-30: Vemagu rout bores. 1484 Caxton Royal Book 08"· [4]. alSOO (snored) thore, As a wild bore. cl380 Ferumbras Partenay 77.2105: As A wyld boor deffendyd 64.1877: His brest he bend up as a bor. cl387 hym at ende. De Officio Pastorali in Wyclif EW 425[24-6]: Lyve . . . as boris in sty. cl395 Chaucer CT B395 To fare like a Boar III[D] 1829: He groneth lyk oure boor, lith in cl330 Tars 35 A 98: Also a wilde bore he ferd. oure sty. al400 Morte Arthure 124.4214: Bot yitt al420 Lydgate Troy II 465.2468-9: In her fight he byddys as a bore, and brymly he strykes. thei fare Like . . . bores in her rage, III 605.1429: cl400 Alexander Buik I 90.2852-3: And oft he As wylde boris, evene so thei fare. cl500 Lance- turned appartly, Rieht as it war ane baittit bair. lot 98.3331: He farith as . . . о beyre. al533 cl405 Mum 71.1531: Thus thay blowe as a bore. Berners Huon 122.23: He faryd lyke a wyld bore al420 Lydgate Troy II 427.1142-3: Lik . . . a in the wood, 291.9-10. Whiting Scote I 142. wylde bore. Can Troyens assaille. al450 Partonope 446.11120-1: Now as wode bores . . . B396 To fight like a Boar al200 Lawman I 320.7502-3: I-seyen heo Julius Partonope and the soudan gan go. cl450 Merlin Cesar Faehte al swa a wilde bar. al338 Mannyng II 194[19-20]: He pursude . . . as fiercely as a Chronicle A I 433.12397-8: Then was he woder W i l d e boor. al470 Malory I 309.23-4: Trasyng, then he was or, Ffightyng als a wylde bor. traversyng, and foynyng, rasyng and hurlyng cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1699: That foughten lyke two borys, 323.11-2, II 843.26-7: And than breme, as it were bores two. cl440 Dégrevant they cam togydyrs egirly as two wylde borys, 110.1713: The knyght had foghtene als a bare. III 1057.19-20: Foynyng togydir with their al470 Malory I 209.27-9: Sir Borce and Sir swerdis as hit were wylde boorys, 1070.19-20: Se Birell . . . fought as two boorys that myght no yondir ys a company of good knyghtes, and they farther passe. al475 Guy^ 96.3370: He faght, as holde them togydirs as borys that were chaced a wylde bore. cl489 Caxton Aymon I 113.33-5: with doggis. al500 Beves 160 M 3107: Some lay Reynawde fought soo sore, that never . . . bore bledynge as a bore. cISOO Lyfe of Roberte foughte soo strongly agenste ony other best. 238.483: So lyke a bore he threwe up hys headde. Whiting Scote I 142. al507 Dunbar Dance 120.33: He brandeist lyk a beir. 1523 Berners Froissart III 394[27]: B397 To foam like a Boar Thrustyng with their speares and shulders lyke cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 297.4233: He wylde bores. vemde and grunte and stod ayen as it were a strong bor. cl380 Ferumbras 29.699: That the B399 To hurtle together like Boars fom of hure mouth out spronge, so doth out of al470 Malory II 486.25-6: They hurteled tothe bore. al420 Lydgate Troy III 638.2541: gydirs as wylde borys, 718.30: Hurtelynge toArmed hym, fomynge as a boor. cl450 Edward gydyrs lyke two borys, 829.6-7. the Confessor Prose I 102[27-8]: She vomyd at the mouthe lyke a boore and she gnast hir B400 To leap like a Boar CI300 Guyi 160 A 2738: Als a wilde bore he tethe to-geder mervelously. cl475 Henryson lepe him to, 528 A 173.2. Testament 111.192-3: And at his mouth ane bullar S t ü d e of fome Lyke to ane Bair quhetting B40I To look like a Boar his Tuskis kene. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende cI395 Chaucer CT III[D] 2160-1: He looked as 164''[2.43]: Fomyng lyke a bore, 312··[1.42]: it were a wilde boor; He grynte with his teeth, Foomyd at mouth lyke a bore. alSOO Beves 181 so was he wrooth. aI400 Siege of Jerusalem M 3594. al500 Triamour (P) II 122.1203. cl500 30.543: An hey breydeth the brond, and as a Lyfe of Roberte 233.357: And lyke a boore at bore loketh.

B421

51

Boat

B402 To run like a Boar cl477 Caxton Curtesye 27.258-9: The poete al420 Lydgate Troy I 255.3857-8: Thei ran saith hou that a poure borde Men may enriche I-fere . . . Liehe . . . this boris wylde. 1519 with cheerful will and werde. Apperson 257; Horman Vulgaria 193[32]: He came runnynge Svartengren 263; Tilley G338. See M700. upon me lyke a wylde bore. Whiting Scots I B413 Boast and deignous (haughty) pride often 142. mishappen B403 To rush together like two Boars al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 289[5-6]: Boste al470 Malory I 298.30: So they russhed togydyrs and deignouse pride and ille avisement Mislyke two borys, 415.21, II 640.22-3, 641.3-4. hapnes oftentide, and dos many be schent. See P385. B404 To scum (foam) like a Boar cl380 Ferumbras 121.3887-8: For angre . . . A B414 Great Boast and small roast skuntede (for skumede [NED Scum v. 5b]) als a 1546 Heywood D 46.177: Great bost and small bore. 1485 Caxton Charles 156.11-2: And began roste. Apperson 270; Oxford 263; Tilley B488. to scumme at the mouth lyke a bore enchafFed. See A245, B419. B405 To smite like a Boar cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1658: As wilde bores B415 Great Boast at the board and little in the gonne they to smyte. cl450 Merlin II 46Ц4-5]: field He smote a-monge hem Irous as a wilde boor. cl500 Fabyan 196[31-2]: It is nat syttyng for a knyght to make great boste at the borde, and to B406 To stand like a Boar do lytell in felde. See C516, F659, M367, S581, cl421 Lydgate Thebes 91.2200: And liehe a T49, W617. boor stondyng at his diffenee, 1439 St. Alban 141.849-50: Agaynst hym so obstynate they B416 There is more Boast in a pot of wine than stode Lyke wylde boores... in theyr rage. al533 in a carcass of Saint Martin Berners Huon 515.21-2: He stode at a baye cl350 Ywain 13.468-70: It es sene, now es efter mete: Mare boste es in a pot of wyne Than in a lyke a wylde bore bayted with houndis. karcas of Saynt Martyne. See note, p. 110. B407 To whet like a Boar al420 Lydgate Troy II 543.5141: Or liehe a B417 To make great Boast and do httle bore that his tusshes whette (he behaved ). al460 1474 Caxton Chesse 70[23-5]: They have their Towneley Plays 175.318:1 mon whett lyke a bore. tonges redy for to make grete boost and doo 1502 Robert the Devil ВГ[29-30]: Whetted his lityll. They ben large in promysynges and small gyvers. Cf. Apperson 270: Great braggers; Tilley teeth lyke a bore. Б591. See B414, H371, P409, 411, S396. B408 As bare as a Board B418 He Boasts little who travels widely cl405 Mum 58.1070: As bare as a bord. cl025 Durham Proverbs 15.46: Hwon gelpeS se B409 (As) hard as a Board }зе wide siJjaS. (D)e calamitate iactitantes qui 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 361"" [2.13]: Hard de longe itineríbus. See note, p. 18. as a borde. Svartengren 259. B419 Boasters promise Rome and Jerusalem, but B410 As plain as a Board al475 The Flower and the Leaf in Skeat Chau- the deed is behind cerian 363.58-9: That every braunch and leef cl300 South English Legendary I 334.221-2: For grew by mesure. Plain as a bord, of on height, suche beoth lo this bostares that bloweth mon of winde And bihoteth Rome and Jerusalem ac by and by. the dede is bihinde. See B414, 417. B411 As stiff as a (any) Board cl300 South English Legendary II 503.337: As B420 By Boasting men may know fools stif as eni bord hire honden bicorne anon. 1483 cl450 How the Wyse Man 40.124: Bi boostynge Caxton Golden Legende 361''[2.13]: Styff . . . as men mo we foolis knowe. See F401. a borde. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 215.78. cl515 B421 Hardy is the Boat that strives against the Barclay Eclogues 7.236. Taylor and Whiting 35; barge Tilley B485. al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 588.640: Hardy B412 A poor Board may be enriched with cheer- is the bote that stryvith agenst the barge. See C553, P319. ful will

Boat

52

B422 The little Boat will drench (sink) when it is over-fraught (overloaded) al440 Bmgh Cato 25.854-5: Men seen al day: the litell boot and barge Wol drench a-non, whan it is over-freiht. See C16, S249, T118, W6.

B422

alOOO Phoenix Homily 146.30: fjaer aslc treow swa riht swa bolt. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3264: Upright as a bolt. 1556 Heywood Spider 159[13]: Standing formoste, and as a bolte uprighte, 235[14]. MED bolt 1(a).

B423 To beshit the Boat (i.e., make oneself B432a Bolt upright unwelcome) cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4266: The milleres 1472 Paston V 147[l-3]: My modyr takyng hys doghter bolt upright, VII 316[B1506]: Have hire part, so I have almost beshet the bote, as for in his armes bolt upright. 1440 Palladius 58.967. my modyrs house. See R151. al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 322. 524: Thy nekke bolt upryght. cl450 Chaunce B424 Bodies on earth are ruled by the planets 12.241: Ffor bolteupryght ageyn the walle ye above stonde. 1555 Heywood E 139. 100.4. MED boltcl464 Capgrave Chronicle 10[14-6]: For this is a upright; NED Bolt, adv.; Taylor and Whiting comoun proverbe at the philosopheris, that the 36; Whiting Drama 306:35. bodies in erd be mech reuled after the planetis above. B433 He that draws three Bolts in one bow shall shoot too high or too low B425 Dead Bodies are easy to keep (guard) 1525 Berners Froissart IV 200[13]: The deed 1509 Barclay Ship 1104[13-4]: (He) that draweth bodyes are easy to be kept. Whiting Froissart thre boltis atons in one bowe At one marke shall shote to hye or to lowe. See B617, 084. 298:61. Cf. Tilley M510. B426 The delicately fed Body makes an un- B434 One's Bolt is shot cl475 Mankind 29.775: My bolte ys schott. chaste bed 1522 More Treatyse 97 B[l-2]: The body dili- Oxford 585; Tilley B512. See F408, S274. cately fed, maketh as the rumour saith, an B435 To bring one's Bolt to stand in the butt unchast bed. See C125. 1546 Heywood D 47.188-9: Though I . . . Can B427 He that keeps his Body saves a good castle no way bryng your bolte in the but to stand. cl450 Idley 95.868: A good castell saveth he B436 To buy a Bolt that his body kepeth. See note, p. 218 and C72. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 262.8299-302: A B428 He that keeps not his Body keeps nothing kaynard and an olde folte. That thryfte hath 1523 Berners Froissart III 416[24-5]: He that loste, and boghte a bolte, He shal become(n) a dyssour. And telleth how he was a lecchour. kepeth natte his body, kepeth nothyng. MED bolt 1(b). B429 When the Body is full the tongue is ready B437 To shoot a featherless Bolt to speak amiss cl400 Beryn 55.1764: To shete a fethirles bolt, cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 547.383-4: Whon the bodi I-fuld is, The tonge is redi to al-most as good me were. speke amis. See B243. B438 As true as any Bond 1369 Chaucer BD 933-5: Ne lasse flaterynge B430 Where the Body is there are the eagles in hir word. That purely hir symple record Was gathered founde as trewe as any bond. Cf. Apperson 306: a983 Wasferth Gregory 295.21-2: Swa hwider An honest man's; Oxford 300; Taylor and se lichama byjj, Jîider beo8 gesomnode |эа Whiting 413; Tilley M458. eamas. с1000 WSG Matthew xxiv 28: Swa hwaer swa hold byS, Jjieder beoÔ eamas gegade- B439 To bind when no Bond will help rude, Luke xvii 37: se lichama. cl395 WBible al393 Cower CA II 325.894-5: Whanne helpe Matthew xxiv 28: Where ever the bodi schal may no maner bond, Thanne ate ferste wolde be, also the eglis schulen be gaderid thidur, he binde. See S697. Luke xvii 37. Apperson 81: carcase; Oxford B440 As bare as any Bone 78; Taylor and Whiting 56; Tilley C73. See R44. al325 Erihe 22.87-8: Til the be made frome B431 More Bold than wise the erthe. As bare as any bon. Apperson 25; 1534 Heywood Love 04"^ [19-20]: Ye seme more MED bar 3a(a). bolde Then wyse. Apperson 426; Tilley B506. B441 As bright as Bone B432 As right (upright) as a Bolt al300 Maximian 99.242: Maidenes so bright so

B456

53

bon. al500 On a dere day in Dyboski 85.114: Pray we that byrde so bright as bon. See R229.

Book al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 769.127: Lat everey man gnawe on his owne boon. Apperson 189. Cf. Orford 241: Gnaw the bone; Tilley B516.

B442 As clean as (any) Bone cl390 This World in Brown Lyrics XIV 161.2930: Sum are for-yete dene as bon A-mong alle B451 To pill (rob) to the hard (bare) Bones maner nacions. al393 Gower CA III 50.3805-6: al529 Skelton Boke of Three Fooles 1 205[21-2]: Into his bath he wente anon And wyssh him Fie frome the foolisshe women, that pylleth dene as eny bon. the lovers unto the harde bones. 1534 More Comforte 1212 D[15-6]: He pilleth them with B443 As white as Bone taxes and tallages unto the bare bones. cl385 Chaucer TC ii 926: An egle, fethered whit as bon. cl400 Alexander Bulk IV 398 cont. B452 To shove (put) a Bone in one's hood 9769: Upone ane stede als quhyte as bane. cl450 al500 Greene Carols. 401 В 5: Some of them be Capgrave Katharine 63.770. Whiting Scots I trewe of love Beneth the gerdell but nat above. And in a hode a bone can chove. alSOO Piers 143. See 168, W203. of Fullham 15.359-61: That can make and put B444 The nearer the Bone the sweeter the flesh a bone In the hoodis of their hosbondes. Whan al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa КкЗ'[1.26- they be goon fer oute of londe. 1555 Heywood 32]: And therfore it is that ever the nerer the E 179.187.2-3: And 1 wishe (quoth she) a bone boon the swetter is the flesshe: for the bones in your whood. Wyshe that bone away (said ben malyncolyk colde and drye: and flesshe in he) tis not good. Tilley B524. See H483. his kynde is sangweyne and swete: And soo there is sourenesse and swetnesse medlyd and B453 Bongre maigre (Maigre bongre) for that the more lykynge. Apperson 438; Jente cl400 Vices and Virtues 77.25: Maugre bongre. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 154[14-5]: Thi god he shal 801; Oxford 445; Tilley B520. See P208. be boongre mawgree. 1480 Caxton Ovyde B445 Not give a Bone 72[37]: Bongre maigre. MED bon-gre. See W277. cl400 Laud Troy I 249.8446: I yeve not of the B454 As open as a Book a bone! al415 Lanterne 134.34-5: Her owene conscience B446 To choke with the Bones of buttered beer as open as a book in the whiche thei schal rede 1532 More Confutación 423 C[4-6]: Tindal her owene dampnacioun. Taylor and Whiting standeth in daunger of choking . . . with the 37.5. bones of buttred beere. See B178. B455 As true as Book or bell B447 To find (give one) a Bone to gnaw cl400 Toulouse 244.551-2: Y schall heyl hyt cl440 Charles of Orleans 172.5134: It myght wel day and nyght, As trew as bok or bell. happe yow fynde a bon to gnaw. 1556 Heywood Spider 316[27-8]: He giveth us now a bone. B456 Book, bell and (rarely) candle Of pittie: and pollisie, to gnaw upon. Apperson cI300 Guy^ 430 A 62.2-3: Have he Cristes curs and mine With boke and eke with belle. 59-60; Oxford 55; Tilley B522. cl330 Praise of Women 291.60: He schal be B448 To find no Bones in something curssed with boke and belle. cl330 Seven Sages 1459 Paston III 145[7]: He . . . fond that tyme A 85.1913 (var.): I swor the by boke and bell. no bonys in the matere, 195-6: But they were al350 Ywain 81.3023: So bus the do, by bel and so bold they were not aferd, for they fownde boke. al393 Gower CA III 139.6979-82: Sacno bonys to sey in her verdyte. MED bon η. rilegge . . . Which rifleth bothe bok and belle. (1) lc(c). al400 Athelston 71.148-50: That wole I nought. For al the gold that evere was wrought—Be B449 To fret (prick) to the bare Bone masse-book and belle, 88.681: I swere bothe cl250 Hendyng О 198.35[4-6]: Betere is the be book and belle, 91.792. al400 Awntyrs holde loverd then the newe. That the wole 118.30: That borne was in borgoyne, by boke frete and gnawe To the bare bon. al400 and by bdle. al400 Cursor Π 979 G 17109-10: PChaucer flora. A 1056-60: These losengeris hem Curced in kirc than sal thai be Wid candil, preyse, and smylen, . . . And aftirward they boke, and bel, III 1432 F 25038: Cursed he is prlkke and poynten The folk right to the bare with boke and belle. al400 Le Morte Α. 91.3018: boon, Büiynde her bak whan they ben goon. Than he hym cursyd with boke And belle. al400 Or Crist into Claudes in PMLA 70(1953) 218.43: B450 To gnaw on one's own Bone

Book

B457

54

He sware sadly on othe be boke and be belle. al400 Quartrefoil 2.33: Scho blyssede his body with buke and with belle. al400 Scottish Legends I 343.114: But ony aythe one bel ore buke. cl400 Beryn 33.1017; And swore be book and bell. cl400 Laud Troy I 207.7013: He swar here deth by bok and belle, II 501.17009: But by him that schope book and belle, 518.17599601: And ther made thei alle her othes By boke and belle and holy clothes That longed to her sacrament. cl400 Phwrnan's Tale 186.1241: Thou shalt be cursed with boke and bell. cl400 St. Anne (1) 37.1401: Curst be he with brek (so MS.) and bell. cl400 Toulouse 227.190: Y swere by boke and by bell. cl408 Lydgate Reson 174.6635: He cursed hem with book and belle. cl420 Wyntoun V 103.3018-21: Schir Wilyam Besat gert for thi His chaplayne in his chapel Denownsse, cursse withe buk and bel, Al tha that had part. al445 Carl 136.341: That well was hym, be bocke and belle. al450 York Plays 108.180: By bukes and belles. al461 John the Reeve 574.407: Swere to me by booke and bell. al470 Malory III 1228.6-7: I shall curse you with booke, belle and candyll. cl475 Gregory Chronicle 115[32-3]: He was cursyde in every chyrche in London, whithe boke, belle, and candelle. al500 Greene Carols 456.1: He made me to swere be bel and boke. Apperson 37; Oxford 32; Taylor and Whiting 25; Tilley B276; Whiting Drama 340:489, Scots I 138. B457 Old Books make young wits wise 1464 Hardyng 32[8]: Old bokes maketh young Wittes wise. See F 1 2 8 .

B458 To be out of one's Book (letters, papers) cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1363-4: 1 shal for thy sake Do striken hire out of oure lettres blake. cl450 Develis Perlament in Fumivall Hymns 47.192: He is oute of oure bookis, and we out of his. al500 Partenay 164.4735: For of his paupires strike oute plain be ye! 1549 Heywood D 53.387: And I . . . crosse the quyte out of my booke. Tilley B534. Boot (1) B459 As black as a Boot 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Vernon) 221.503: That on was whit, that othur blac as a Boote. William Gore The Mystery of the Painted Nude (New York, 1938) 52; Svartengren 242. B460 Not set an old Boot cl422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 190.312-3: Nat so moche as by an old boote or cokir Sette y ther-by.

B461 To shine like a greased Boot al529 Skelton Gamesche 1118.5: (Your) lothesum lere to loke on, lyke a gresyd bote dothe schyne. Boot (2) B462 Better that Boot (remedy) bring down bale than that bale be beaten and boot never the better al376 Piers A iv 79-80: Hit is betere that boote bale a-doun bringe Then bale be beten and boote never the better. MED bote n. (1) 2(e). B463 To be (brew) Boot of bale a1450 Castle 90.445: Thou schalt be my bote of bale, 116.1313: Brewe thee bote of bale, 162.2864: Sum bote of bale thou me brewe. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 64.2070: She is the bote of all my bale. See B18. B464 Not worth a Bore (hole) cl390 Prikke of love 276.310-2: Other menne goodnes setteth luit. Thou seist hit is not worth a Bore, So that thin may seme the more. Β4β5 As alone as one was Bom cl385 Chaucer TC iv 298: Alione as I was bom, CT I[A] 1633: And on his hors, alione as he was bom, cl395 III[D] 885: Alione as he was bom. B466 As naked (bare) as one was Bom al300 Lither lok Sermon 105[5]: To bedde gon as nakid so thu were (borin). al300 Richard 192.2073-4: And also naked syxty score As they were of theyr moders bore. cl300 Havelok 64.1949. cI300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 142[18]. cl300 South English Legendary I 20.42. сХЗОЗ Mannyng Handlyng 185.5697. al325 Cursor II 980 CG 17121. al350 Isumbras 8.100. cl350 Ltbeaus 119.2119-20: But sehe stod al naked. As god hadde her maked, 122.2167-8: But sehe stod me before Naked, as sehe was bore. al350 Ywain 64.2382. cl375 St Thomas in Horstmann Legenden 1881 23.202-3: And did the appostel on tham to stand With bare fete, als he was bom. cl398 W. Paris Cristine in Horstmann Sammlung 185.156. cl400 Brut II 301.4. al400 Firumbras 55.1736. al400 Scottish Legends I 253.155, II 473.1077. cl400 Beryn 67.2192: He wosshid, nakid as he was bore, he had(de) be in Room. cl420 Wyntoun V 231.1039. al425 I thank thee, lord in Richard Morris Legends of the Holy Rood (EETS 46, 1871) 194.164. al425 Meditation on the Passion in Yorkshire Writers I 114[13-4]. cl440 St. Christopher 464.818. al456 Shirley Death of James 26[14-5]: He was nalid nakynd, as he was first bome of

B483

55

Bow

his modir. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 3.7: I lepe B475 It is a good Bourd (jest) to drink of a oute off my bade as nakyde as ever I was bome. gourd al500 Jack and his Stepdame 80.384. al500 al460 Towneley Plays 115.481-3: It is an old Squire 31.673. el505 Watson Valentine 101.20-1. by-worde. It is a good bowrde. For to drynk 1515 Barclay Si. George 98.2452: Hys quene of a gowrde. Apparson 62, 257. he spolyd all bare as she was bome. al533 B476 To teach one to chant both Bourdon Berners Huon 158.13, 169.7. Oxford 442; Taylor (bass) and mean (tenor) and Whiting 38; Tilley B137; Whiting Scots I cl400 Laud Troy I 195.6597-600: And thow 143. See M721. this batayle efft haunte, I schal the teche for B467 It is quad (evil) to Borrow and worse ever to chaunte, I schal the teche botha burdoun and mane, Na ba thow navere so wroth ne to sorrow al300 Alisaunder 71.1241-2: Quad it is mychel WTene. to borowa, And wars it is aver to sorowa. Cf. Bow, sb. Apparson 61: Ha that goes a-borrowing; Oxford B477 As the Bow was bent 248; Tilley B545. See S625. cl370 Chaucer ABC 29-31: Were now the bowe B468 Not so good to Borrow as to be able to bent in swich maneare As it was first, of land justice and of ire. The rightful God nolde of 1546 Heywood D 37.72: Not so good to borowe, no mercy heere. MED benden v. (I) 1(b). as be able to lend. Apperson 455; Oxford 57; B478 A bent Bow becomes slack (varied) Tilley B543. al475 Assembly of Gods 37.1243-4: Tha banda B469 To creep into one's Bosom of your bowe Bagynnath to slake. al475 Good 1546 Heywood D 35.17: She speaketh as she Rule in Brown Lyrics XV 265.63-4: To myche would creepe into your bosome. Tilley B546. bende wyl brake the bowa. Whan the game is alther beste. cI475 Hanryson Fables 3.22-3: B470 Not worth a Bottle (bundle) of hay cl489 Caxton Aymon II 450.19: Ye be not Forthar mair, ane Bow that is ay bent Worthis imsmart, and dullis on the string. 1549 Hayworthe a botelle of haye. wood D 45.121: But a bow long bent, at length must ware waaka. Apparson 62; Jente B471 To bring the Bottom out of the bag 1399 Ther is a busch in Wright Political Poems 104; Oxford 59; Tilley B561; Whiting Scots I I 363[7-9]: The grete bagge, that is so mykille, 143. Sea €425. Hit schal ba kettord, and maked litalle; The bothom is ny ought. 1546 Heywood D 98.5-6: B479 To be bent like a Bow And in small tyma ha brought the world so cl450 When the son 391.316: Tha browys smala about. That ha brought tha bottoma of the bag cercled and bent lyka a bowe. cleane out. Apperson 61; Tilley B550. B480 To band one's Bow al475 Ludus Coventriae 47.140: Alas that evyr B472 As brittle as a rotten Bough this bowe was bent. al425 Deceit II in Bobbins 100.3: (B)rotylle at assay lyke the rotyn bowa. B481 To band one's Bow but shoot not 1404 Lerne say wele in Kail 16.57-60: Though B473 He who is Bound must bow (varied) a man holynes preche. He sheteth noght, but al200 Lawman I 45.1051-2: Ah heo mot nade bent his bowe; But ha lyve as ha techa, Ha nys beian, Tha mon the ibunden bith, cl300 B: not trusty for to trowe. See L463. Ac he mot naode. The man that his in bende. al393 Gower CA II 145.540: For who is bounden, B482 To have one's Bow bant after the French he mot bowe. al460 Towneley Plays 118.80-1: guise Wo is hym that is bun, Ffor he must abyde. al475 Ludus Coventriae 110.54-6: All men 1546 Heywood D 72.86: Thay that are bound may me now dyspyse And seyn olde cokwold must obaie. Apperson 62; Oxford 58; Tilley thi bow is bant Newly now after the frensche B354. gyse. B474 Bounteth (gift) asks reward B483 To unbend one's Bow al450 York Plays 122.116-8: For I have herde al393 Gower CA II 89.1966-8: Thanna was declared Of connyng clerkis and ciana, That I furthest ate laste. And as a foil my bowa bountith askis (MS. aftir) rawarde. See G74. unbande. Whan al was failed that I wende.

Bow

56

B484

al439 Lydgate Fall I 80.2915-6: And mercy you lyke an honest man, ye lak but a bolle thanne hath unbent the bowe Off his fell ire. and a besom. Cf. Apperson 305-6; Oxford 300; al500 Proverbs of Salamon 190.85.7-8: Than Tilley M183. helle were empty and faste loken And bowe B490 To throw one Bowl for another of goddys wrath unbente. 1484 Caxton Aesop 290[26-7]: And therfore I threwe to the one bole for another. (To pay Bow, vb. one back in his own coin, though neither MED B484 Better Bow than break (varied) or NED has bole for bowl.) cl385 Chaucer TC i 257-8: The yerde is bet that bowen wole and \vynde Than that that B491 As pale as Box (tree) brest. al393 Gower CA II 69.1247-8: And is cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1301-2: So woodly that that selve of whom men speke. Which wol he lyk was to biholde The boxtree, cl386 noght bowe er that he breke, 242-3.620-1. LGW 866: And pale as box she was. Svartengren al400 Ipomadon A 68.2335-6: For mekyll 1 236. preyse that wande, That brekes not and will well bowe. al400 Proverbia of Wysdom 245.58: B492 To be in a wrong Box 1546 Heywood D 92.68: And therby in the Better is to bow, then to brest. cl400-25 Legat Sermon 7.8-9: These maner of men, that tus wrong boxe to thryve ye weare, 1556 Spider have lever breke and to-berste than bowe and 394[10]: Thou art in a wrong boxe. Apperson 715; Oxford 735-6; Tilley B575. bende. cl405 Mum 72.1553: Bowe ere thou breste. 1413 God save the kyng in Kail 54.133. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.46, 91.180. cl450 Idley 82.88: Ffor better is the tree that bowe than breste. al475 Tree 62.12-3: A tree that is drye will rather brek than bowe. cl475 Henryson Fables 69.1998: To bow at bidding, and byde not quhill thow brest. alSOO Proverbs of Salamon 189.77.3: Pryde wole breste or he bende. al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 314.491-2: For worse it is to breke than bowe, certayn. And better bowe than fai to sodaynly. alSOO Sone, y schal thee schewe in Fumivall Babees Book 34.16. 1546 Heywood D 34.50, 1555 E 173.155. Apperson 42; Oxford 39; Skeat 149; Tilley B566, 636; Whiting Scots 1143. See T460.

B493 Of a shrewd (bad) Boy comes a good man cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 32S 123.67: Of a scrod boey comyt a god man. Oxford 444; Tilley B580. B494 To play the old Boy al500 Medwall Nature Dl^flO-l]: He that wold lordshyp enjoy And playe ever styll the old boy. B495 As sweet as Bragget (drink) cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3261: Hir mouth was sweete as bragot.

B496 As sharp as Bramble al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 420.15595-6: Mor sharp . . . Than brembel, 421.15658-9: Ffor, I B485 He that will not Bow in skill (with reason) have mor sharpnesse Than outher brambel, bussh or brere. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 133[33]: is unwise al33S Mannyng Chronicle В I 9[2]: He that More sharp than brambere. wille not bowe in skille, I hold him unwis. B497 As sweet as Bramble flower See B276. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 746-7[В1936-7]: And B486 It is evil to Bow (control) that which will sweete as is the brembul flour That bereth the rede hepe. not be true al250 Proverbs of Alfred 110 Τ 355-6: Ac thoch B498 To fade like the Brambleberry hit is ivel to bewen That tre ben ne ville. al500 Greene Carols 415.3: Me thynk this wor(l)d is wonder wery And fadyth as the Б487 Where you must needs Bow, be meek brymbyll. bery. al400 Romaunt В 1939: Be meke, where thou B499 To bolt (sift) to the Bran must nedis bow. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 3240[В4430]: But I ne B488 As round as a Bowl kan nat bulte it to the bren. 1533 More Ap1481 Caxton Mirror I02[6]: As rounde as a bowle. ologye 2[3-4]: Syfted to the uttermost flake Whiting Drama 306:37. of branne. MED bran 2, bulten v. (1) 1(b).

B489 To lack but a Bowl and a besom (broom) B500 As fresh as Branch in May of being an honest man cl385 Chaucer TC ν 844: This Diomede, as fressh as braunche in May. Oxford 225. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 96.3-4: Ye behave

B516

57

B501 To quake like a Branch cl386 Chaucer LGW 2680-1: She rist hire up, and dredfully she quaketh. As doth the braunche that Zepherus shaketh.

Bread the grete fyre, it slokis the sonar. aI470 Parker Dives M2"· [2.35-8]: For the wyse man sayth, whan the wood is withdrawe, the fyre abateth and is quenched. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 237.3940-1: Whan ye take the wood fro the fire, it leveth brennyng. See P327.

B502. As black as (any) Brand al300 Alisaunder 321 M 359: So blake they were as eny bronde, 321.6110-1: The selve men B507 To be like burning Brands of the londe Weren blake so colowzy {car. al300 Alisaunder 299.5715: Eighen he had so cole) bronde, 331.6249-50: colowy bronde. brennyng bronde. cl400 Laud Troy I 228.7730: cl350 Libeaus 92.1658-9. His eyen were lyke to brennande brondes.

B503 As hot as the Brand B508 To blaze like a Brand al300 XI Pains 154.253-4: On heom is mony al425 Nicodemus (Additional) 31.126: All of yrene beond. That is hatture thene the brond. fyne golde blasand as brande. B504 As red as (a) Brand B509 To bum like a Brand cl330 Rouland 41.145 (Stars) as red as brond cl350 Apocalypse 64.10: Brennande as a bronde. that brent. al533 Berners Huon 140.11-2: His с1395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xlviii 1: His word eyen more redder and brynnynge then a bronde brente as a brond. 1402 Daw Topias 53[7]. of fyre, 343.13: He became as reed as a bronde cl410 Lovelich Grail IV 219.170: Eche brenneng of iyre. as brond so bryht. a1425 Chester Plays II 425.690: That burne shall as a Brand. B505 Este (pleasant) are one's own Brands {varied} B510 To startle and sparkle like a Brand cl250 Hendyng О 194.16: Este ben owene cl516 Skelton Magnificence 24.741: I make brondes, С 185.19: gledes. cl450 Douce MS.52 them to startyll and sparkyll lyke a bronde. 48.54: Hit is mery a man to syt by his owne B511 As hard as any Brass fyre. cl450 Rylands MS.394 98.23. Apperson cl300 Beves 125.2676: His sides wer hard ase 186, 305; Jente 336; Kneuer 33-5; Oxford 482; eni bras, 132.16. al325 Cursor II 342.5903: The Schleich 257; Singer III 131; Skeat 75. Cf. king(s) hert wex herd as bras. cl330 Degare Smith 181. See H420, 076, T139. 79.352 (var.): And harder than any brass. MED B506 Take away the Brands (wood) to quench bras 2(b). the fire (varied) B512 As sure as Bread is made of flour cl382 Wyclif De Pontificium in SEW III al500 Medicines in Brown Lyrics XV 276.93: 242[ll-2]: And so it were a medicyne, that men As siker as bred is made off flowre. that han power drow awey thes bronndes that norischeth this fire. al400 Stanzaic Life B513 He is worthy to eat Bread of bran who 363.10669-72: And ryght As fir clekket is Quen feeds his foe with flour the brondes ben tan Away, So is the Holy Cost 1419 Remembraunce in Kail 70.49-50: Hit is I-wis In mon quen charité is Abatet ay. al400 worthy, he ete bred of bran. That with floure Wyclif Sermons I 387[10-1]: Take awei thes his foo will fede. MED bran 2. See C153, M63. brondis yif thou wole quenche the fler. aI422 Lydgate Life 413.1453-4: For the fyre, may B514 He that gives Bread to another man's no while brenne Aftur the brondes, ben taken hound shall have no thanks awaye. al425 Daily Work in Yorkshire Writers 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 8[12-4]: He that I 150[34-5]: The wise man sais: "If thou wil gevyth bred to an othre manys hownde shall abate the flawme: abate the brandis." al440 have no thanke. Burgh Cato 314.460: With drawe the brond, the fier shal eek discrees. cl450 Capgrave B515 He would have better Bread than is made Katharine 81.29-32: And as we see, the more of wheat is leyd to brenne The grettere fyer ther is, it 1546 Heywood D 83.117-8: Lyke one of fond is no dowte; Ffor drawe a-wei the shides fro fancy so fyne and so neate, Tbat would have it thenne, Soone wil the fyre be quenched and better bread than is made of wheate. Apperson be oute. cl450 Speculum Christìani (2) 228.7-8: 42; Oxford 39; Tilley B622. For the fire is not so grete bo(t) it muste faile B516 To ask for Bread and be given a stone if the brondes be wyth-drawen. 1456 Hay Law clOOO WSG Matthew vii 9: Hwylc man is of 161.35-6: For quhen men takis the brandis fra eow, gyf his sunu hyne bit hlafes, sylst {)u him

Bread

58

B517

Stan? cl395 WBible Matthew vii 9: What man B523 Not to be a Breakfast for one of you is, that if his sone axe hym breed, whethir Cisco Melusine 279.22-5: Yf they were here alle rosted or soden, and yf it were custome to he wole take hym a stoon? cl443 Pecock Reule ete suche flesshe, they were not to the regarde 442[7-9]: Who of you askith his fadir breed, of our peple suffysaunt for a brekfast. Whiting whether he schal yeve him a stoon? Oxford 15. Drama 336:417. See D251. B517 To bake bitter Bread al450 Castle 124.1593: To bakyn thee a byttyr B524 To go forth as a Breath bred. See B566, D397. c l 4 0 0 Elucidarium 2[22]: He gooth forth as a breeth. B518 To bake one's Bread in a tankard B525 To spill (waste) Breath alSOO How the Plowman in Hazhtt EPF I Cisco South English Legendary I 56.53: Thou 214.141: Theyr brede was baken in a tankarde. spülest breth, 63.37, 240.41, II 363.154. Tilley Cf. Whiting ГЬатпа 335:404. B642. See W329. B519 To bake one's Bread in his cheek B526 The Brede (breadth) of a straw (hair) al450 Bake of Curtasye (Sloane) 301.59-60: An al300 Richard 121.781: A strawes brede thycke apys mow men sayne he makes, That brede and and more. cl3C0 South English Legendary flesshe in hys cheke bakes. MED baken 4(d). II 555.138: You neschal failli of youre met

noght a strawes brede. al350 Niœdemus (Galba) B520 To eat no more Bread (varied) c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy 1 129.4348-50: Schuld thei 32.163-4: Whas hevid so heldes brede of ane hare. Hardily hag of his hand. al4C0 kwntyrs nevere have eten brede, . . . Ne hadde not 160.584-5: He wanted noghte to be slayne come the duke Nestor, 153.5168-70: Nadde his armes the strenger bene. Ne scholde he The brede of ane hare. al450 York Plays nevere have spoken word, Ne bred eten at no 328.243: If you bames bowe the brede of an bord, 185.6279-80: He set a strok upon his hare. al475 Guy^ 234.8149: Nother flewe a strawe brede. 1533 Heywood Weather Cl^iS]: heved, That he ete no more bred, 200.6776, The tre removyth no here bred from hys place, 317.10741-2. cl400 Sowdone 19.649-50: Shal 1562 E 162.101.18: Not the breade of one heare. he never more ete brede. All traiteurs evel mot Taylor and Whiting 167; Tilley H28, 29; Whitthai fare, 85.2954. c l 4 0 0 Toulouse 250.680-1: ing Scots I 183. Certys, and my lord hyt v>^st, Etyn were all our bredd. al450 Generydes A 96.3067-8: I B527 In Brede nor length shuld for Anazaree be awreke, And elles brede cl41C Lovelich Grail I 144.916: That entren he mot I never breke, 221.7173-4. al450 York ne Myhte In brede ne lengthe, II 346.226-7: Plays 368.289-90: Mi lorde I schall lenghe so For the Ademaunt hath no More strengthe ther liffe, That tho brothelles schall never bite Ayens the Eyr, In brede ne lengthe. MED brede brede. al475 Ludus Coventriae 33.155: He n.(2) 5c: not in any way. xal here after nevyr ete brede. alSOO Türke 100.260-1: With-out thou wilt agree unto our B528 To beg a Breech of a bare-arsed man law, Eatein is all thy bread. See C583. 1546 Heywood D 33.5-6: There is nothyng more vayne . . . Than to beg a breeche of a B521 To have one's Bread baked bare arst man. Apperson 66: Breeke; Jente 172; al352 Minot 32.51: For Philyp the Valaise had Oxford 642: Taking; Tilley B644. See A196. he {for his) brede baken. c l 3 8 0 Ferumbras B529 As one Brews let him drink (bake) 23.577: For evere my bred had be bake, myn (varied ) lyf dawes had be tynt, 95.2986: Wei sone hur 1264 Song of Lewes in Brown Lyrics XIII 131.11: bred was y-bake, hure lif-dawes wem ago. MED Let him habbe ase he brew, bale to dryng. bred n. (1) 5(b); NED Bake v. 6. al325 Cursor I 170.2848: Suilk als thai brued now ha thai dronken. al325 Hendyng С 185.17: B522 Whoso eats dry Bread with pleasure needs First sour brewit, sit sour drinkit. c l 3 3 0 Seven no meat Sages A 63.1483-4: Thou schalt sufiFre kare and al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 193, n. 2: howe, And drinke that thou hast ibrowe, 190 E Socrates 30. Who-so eateth drie breade with 3531: Thou shalt drynke as thou haste browyn. pleasure, the same nedethe no meate to hit; and cl378 Piers В xviii 361-2: The bittemesse that to whome no maner of drinke comethe a-misse, thow hast browe, brouke it thi-selven. That art the same requireth none other cuppe but soche doctour of deth, drynke that thow madest. al393 as ys redye in the waye.

854 J

59

Gower CA II 270.1626-7: And who so wicked Ale breweth, Fulofte he mot the werse drinke. al445 Carl 124.160; Suche as he brewythe, seche schall he drenke, 125 В 121-3: Such as hee bakes, such shall hee brew; Such as hee shapes, such shall hee sew; Such as he breweth, such shall he drinke. al450 Castle 171.3163: As he hath browyn, lete hym drynke, 174.3275: Lete hym drynke as he brewyth, 175.3300-1: As he hathe browne and bake, Trewthe wyl that he drynke. al450 Generydes A 53.L722. al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 416.97-8: And ther he fond the drinke, I-wis, so ich trowe. That he hadde to him-self ther-by-fore I-browe! aI450 The declaryng in Kail 81.80: Lete fooles drynke that they dede brewe. cl450 Consail and Teiching 67.45-6: Syne in that breth oft-tyme thai brew, Quhilk eftirward ful sare thai rew. cl450 Douce MS.52 52.97: So brewe, so drynke. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.16". 11. cl450 Warning to King Henry in Wright Political Poems II 230[36]: Let hem drynk as they hanne brewe. al460 Towneley Plays 132.501-2: Bot we must drynk as we brew. And that is bot reson. alSOO Eger (H) 327.2384. al500 To yow, mastres in Rawlinson MS. C. 813 382.5: God sende yow drynke suche as ye brewe. clSOO Greene Carols 346.1,2,3,4: Elles must we drynk as we brewe. cl505 Watson Valentine 226:31-2: Suche drynke as you have brewed I shall make you drynke at thys houre {literal). 1546 Heywood D 31.28: As I woulde needes brewe, so must I needes drynke. Apperson 67; Kneuer 31-3; Oxford 64; Schleich 256-7; Singer III 130-1; Skeat 123; Tilley B654; Whiting Ballad 23, Drama 194, 228, Scots I 143-4. See B279.

Bridle

cl340 Bolle Psalter 337 (93.1): Brake noght the brygge that thou passid. Cf. Archer Taylor The Proverb and An Index to The Proverb (Hatboro. Pa., 1962) Index 17. B533 To chew (bite) on the Bridle aI393 Gower CA II 270.1629-31: Betre is upon the bridel chiewe Thanne if he felle and overthrewe. The hors and stikede in the Myr, III 192.929-30: And as who seith, upon the bridel I chiewe. 1400 Love god and drede in Kail 3.85-6: The brydell with teeth thay byte That of god taken non hede. cI515 Barclay Eclogues 83.822: Smelling those dishes they bite upon the bridle. 1546 Heywood D 88.6: To have made hir chew on the brydell one fit. Apperson 68; Oxford 46-7; Tilley B670; Whiting Drama 335:405. B534 To give one the Bridle cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 813: He yaf me al the bridel in myn bond. 1546 Heywood D 88.8: I gave hir the brydell at begynnyng. Tilley B671; Whiting Drama 346:573. B535 To hold (by) the Bridle cl375 Chaucer Anel. 183-4: His newe lady holdeth him so narowe Up by the bridil, at the staves ende. al439 Lydgate Fall II 417.3157: And bisynesse off labour heeld the bridill. B536 To lead with a Bridle cl400 Paues 32 (James 3.2): He may with a brydul leden al the body aboute. MED bridel lb. B537 To let the Bridle go 1532 Berners Golden Boke 232.3673-4: And their bridell lette go at libertie.

B538 To rule the Bridle B530 Tender Brewis {sopped bread) is whole- 1532 Berners Golden Boke 160.1610: Letteth vice rule the bridle. some for feeble stomachs al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 450.33-40: Off B539 To run on (with) the Bridle this fratemyte {backbiters) there is mo than 1509 Fisher Treatyse 77.23-4: Bennynge on ООП Proverbe seyd in old language: Tendre his owne brydell. cl516 Skelton Magnificence broweys skalt with a mary-boon. For feble 66.2136: They set theyr chyldren to rynne on stomakys is holsom in potage; The тагу is good, the brydyll. al525 Berners Froissart VI 74[37]: the boon doth but damage. In symulacyoun ys But have suffred hym to rynne on the bridell. ffals duplycyte. Who leveth the тагу braideth 1528 More Heresyes 153 E[6], 1529 Supplicacion on dotage. And cheseth the boon, God let hym 326 E[15-6]. al546 Heywood D 88.9-10: And never the. Apperson 671: Weak food. now she taketh the brydell in the teeth. And runth away with it. B531 As simple (blithe) as Bride in bower al400 PChaucer Rom. A 1014: Hir chere was B540 To set a Bridle on one's tongue symple as byrde in bour. cl475 Golagros 13.351: al460 Diets {Helmingham) 19.14: And settith a Blith and bousom that berne as byrd in hir bridell on his tunge. bour. B541 To take the Bridle with (in) one's teeth B532 Break not the Bridge that you passed cl300 Body and Soul 39 L 227-8: With thi teth

Brier

60

B542

the bridel though laught (took), Though dist al B551 As sharp as any Bristles that i the forbed. al400 Romaunt В 3299-300: cl400 Laud Troy II 324.11005: Thow (Death) Так with thy teeth the bridel faste, To daunte art scharp as any bristeles. thyn herte. 1509 Fyftene Joyes СГ[21]: Fast with my tethe I toke the brydell so. 1523 B552 Not worth the Bristle (brust) of a swine cl300 GMI/1 212 A 3679-80: Thou sest Mahoun Berners Froissart III 308[22-3]: Nowe it is tyme ne Apolin Be nought worth the brestel of a to take bridell in the tethe. 1Й8 More Heresyes 150 B[l-3]: Thei take the bridle in the teth, and swin. cl330 Rouland 61.860-1: No Jubiter, no apolin. No is worth the brust of a swin. cl330 renne foorth lyke an hedstrong horse. 1532 Tars 52.796-7: Mahoun no Apolin Is nought Hemers Golden Boke 140.965-6. 1546 Heywood D 88.9. Cf. Oxford 641: bit; Taylor and Whiting worth the brostle of a swin. 30; Tilley B424. B553 To have brows like Bristles al375 Octavian (S) 30.932: Hys browys, as B542 As rough as a Brier al460 Towneley Plays 119.101: As rugh as a brystelys of a swyn. al460 Towneley Plays 119.102: She is browyd lyke a brystyll. brere. Apperson 539. B543 As sharp as (any) Brier B554 Between Britain and Constantinople cl395 Chaucer CT 1У[Е] 1825: Lyk to the skyn al300 Arthour and M.i 266.9741-2: Bitvene of houndfyssh, sharp as brere. al425 St. Robert Breteine and Costentinenoble No worth another 55.436: Was never sharper . . . brere. cl500 knight so noble. King Hart 105.28: The rute is bitter, scharp as ony breir. Svartengren 256; Whiting NC 376, B555 From hence to the Britain Sea al475 Guy2 15.522: From hens to the see of Scots I 144. Bretayne. B544 In the Briers cl450 Idley 124.1033: That maketh maidens B556 Britons are boasters (varied) stomble and falle in the breris. 1520 Whittinton al300 Lawman III 51.26449-52: Bruttus beoth Vulgaria 98.14-5: That leves a man stykkynge bolde, Ac hii beoth onwreast itold, For evere hii in the breres. 1556 Heywood Spider 362[8]: yelp makieth. Hire mansipe his the lasse. cl300 Leaving flies in the briers. Apperson 358: Leave; Robert of Gloucester I 299.4266: And that bote Oxford 359: Leave; Tilley Β673; Whiting Drama yelpinge and bost mid brutons nothing nas. 336:419, Scots I 144. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 442.12651-2: "Bretons," he saide, "ar bot avaunturs, And B545 Not worth a crooked Brier manace mikel at rebours." al350 Castelford al400 Romaunt С 6191: It is not worth a croked 98.22411-2: He saide britons in everilke place brere. Habundes in rosing and manace. al400 Morte Arthure 40.1348: Evere ware thes Bretouns B546 To sting worse than Briers al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 28.885: They braggers of olde, 41.1393-4: Yone are bolde bosturs, that syche bale wyrkez; It befell hym stynge wers than brerys. full foule, that tham so fyrste namede. cl450 B547 To be like the Brier-flower Merlin II 652[9-10]: And seide that Bretouns cl380 Cleanness 31.791: Of ble as the brere-flor coude well manece but at the dedes thei were where so the bare schew(e)d. but esy. al470 Malory 1207.24-7: Thes Englyshe B548 Better spare at Brim (brink) than at bottom Bretouns be braggars of kynde, for ye may see 1546 Heywood D 71.43: Better spare at brym how they boste and bragge as they durste bete than at bottem, 1555 E 136.88.7-8: Not at bot- all the worlde, 207.U-2(Caxton's text): These Bretons ben ful of pryde and boost and they tom but at brynke. Better foresee than forbragge as though they bare up alle the worlde. thinke. Apperson 45; Oxford 41; Tilley B674. See Εβ15. B549 To leave the Brim to wade to the bottom 1556 Heywood Spider 420[2]: Leaving the brim: B557 To hide like Brocks (badgers) to the botum to wade. aI200 Lawman II 110.12816-7: Inne eorthe and inne stockes, Heo hudeden heom alse brockes. B550 To Bring but (out) what is brought in cl420 Wyntoun IV 73.5070: Scho can brynge B558 To look like a Brock in a band but (var. owt) that is broucht in. Cf. Whiting al450 York Plays 258.117-8: He lokis like a Scots I 145: But. brokke. Were he in a bande for to bayte.

8575

61

Buckets

1549 Heywood D 50.286: I will not trust him B559 To stink like a Brock al350 Ywain 3.97-8: It es ful semeli, als me though he were my brother. Apperson 649. think, A brok omang men forto stynk. al529 B569 To love one like an own Brother Skelton Garnesche I 128.55: Sehe seyd your clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 2β8[4]; And t>eah Sone brethe stank lyke a broke. Apperson 69; Oxford man lufigan swa swa agenne broSor. cl300 Lay621; Svartengren 309; Tilley B679; Whiting Folks Mass-Book, ed. T. F. Simmons (EETS 71, Drama 307:41, Scots I 144. 1879) 54.564-5: So that ilk mon love wele othere. As he were his owne brothere. cl420 B560 As black as burnt Brods (Pthoms) al300 Guyi 430 A 62.10: As blac he is as brodes Wyntoun V 34.2051-2: For thy thai were ay till other Als speciali as brother to brother. Taylor brend. and Whiting 44. See Β3β7, L252. B561 To go to Brood (breeding) but (without) nest B570 Woe to the Brother who beswikes (hecl250 Owl 116.1385-6: An swo heo doth, for trays) the other heo beoth wode The bute nest goth to brode. al200 Lawman I 190.4451-3: The saeg wes (To fornicate, of a woman.) itreouwe: Wa wurthe a thon brother. The biswiketh thene other. B562 ' No Brook too little to seek the sea 897 Alfred Boethius 53.5: Nis nan to Öaes lytel B571 To shend (spoil) the Browet (broth) and aewylm Jiaet he Jsa sae ne (ge)sece. Cf. Ooiford cast the crock amid the coals 544: Rivers run, quote 1608: Tilley R140. See cI405 Mum 8.51-2: That shente all the browet, F289. And cast adoun the crokk the colys amyd. See F71, G484. В5вЗ A new Broom sweeps clean 1546 Heywood D 61.82: The greene new brome B572 Maugre one's Bryn (eyebrows) sweepth cleene, 1555 E 156.67. Apperson 443; al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 237[20]: And Jente 549; O ^ r d 450; Taylor and Whiting 44; maugre bothe his bryn was fayn to com to grith. Tilley B682; Whiting Drama 230. B573 As wild as a Buck B564 When Broom bears apples and hemlock 1509 Barclay Ship I 63[18]: More wylde and wanton than . . . buk, 297[19]: More wyldly honey al500 Wold God that men 10[4-6]: Whan brome wandrynge than . .. bucke. Apperson 686; Tilley wylle appelles bere. And humloke hony in feere. B692; Whiting JVC 376. Than sek rest in lend. cl520 Walter Spectacle B574 To blow the Buck's hom C3''[22-3]: When brome bere apples or hom- cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3386-7: She loveth so lockes hony, Than trust the wordes of women. this hende Nicholas That Absolon may blowe Robbins-Cutler 3928.3. See G421. the bukkes horn. al449 Lydgate Amor in MP II B565 When the Broom blows the groom woos (varied ) al300 Trinity MS. 0.2.45 5[1]: Whanne bloweth the brom, thanne wogeth Üie grom; Whanne bloweth the furs, thanne wogeth he wurs. al500 Harley MS. 1002 in RES NS 2(1951)119: When the clot klyngueth and the cucko synguth and the brome sprynguth, then his tyme a yongelyng for to go a wowyng. Oxford 260: Gorse. B566 To brew a wicked Broth al400 Laud Troy I 272.9242: A wicked brotthe thei ther brewe. See B517, D397. B567 It is good for Brothers to won yfere (live together) cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 179.19: Quod it is and murie: brethren to wonie i-fere! B568 Not trust him though he were one's Brother

746.55: In al suche case love blowith the bukkis hom. Fabules in MP II 594.824: The wolffe made hym blow the bokk(e)s home. Look in MP II 768.107: Som can dissymele and blowe the bukkys hom (deceive another), Servant in MP II 428.19-20: I blewe alwey the bukkes home, So unhappy was my chaunce. MED bukke lb; Oxford 53; Skeat 204. See H489. B575 Like Buckets in a well aI300 Fox and Wolf in McKnight 28.73-6: Tuo boketes ther he founde. That other wende to the grounde. That wen me shulde that on opwinde. That other wolde adoun winde. cI385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1533: Now up, now doun, as boket in a welle. 1484 Caxton Aesop 278[8-22]: Two bokettys were there of whiche as the one came upward the other wente dounward . .. For thus hit is of the world. For when one cometh doune the other goth upward. 1555 Heywood E

Buckhood

62

&576

164.110: As fast as one goth, an other cumth in at a bodde, 128[6-7]: Here wittes i preyse not at ure. Twoo buckets in a well, come and go sure, a budde. (French [229, 230]: ne la prise ung 1556 Spider 287[1]; Two buckets in a well, bouton.) thone up and tother downe. Apperson 70; Oxford 67; Skeat 218; Tilley B695; Whiting Scots B583 As bright as Bugle {a blue flower) cl460 Satirical Description 199[4]: As bryght as I 144. See 045. bugyl. NED Bugle sb.^. B576 To play Buckhood B584 Hasty Building cannot be sure al475 Promptorium 357: Pleyyn bukhyde: án- 1532 Berners Golden Boke 398.10050: For all gulo. cl475 Henryson Fables 14.333: Quhylis buyldynge hastely made can not be sure. wald he wink, and play with hir buk heid, 36.970: He playit bukhude behind, ffra beist to B585 As fierce as a Bull beist. DOST Buk-hid; MED buk-hide: "A game; 1480 Caxton Ovyde 131[9]: More fyers than a blindman's buff; ?hide-and-seek;" Whiting Scots Bulle. I 144. B586 As great as a Bull B577 To come to Buckle and bare thong cl300 Gui/i 374 A 7157: His nek is grater than 1546 Heywood D 90.55-6: That little and little a bole. al500 Partenay 106.2988: Which was All he decaied so long Tyll he at length came to so gret As A bole his hede. Cf. NED Bole'. buckle and bare thong. Apperson 71; Oxford 67; B587 As strong as a Bull Tilley 3696. cl450 Secrete of Secretes 35.24: Strong as a bole. Svartengren 392; Taylor and Whiting 46; Tilley B578 As broad as a Buckler B713. C 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 4 7 0 - 1 : An hat As brood as is a bokeler. Svartengren 286. B588 To bell (roar) like a Bull (etc.) (A number B579 Bucklersbury electuary (merchant) of single quotations are brought together here) cl435 Lydgate Letter to Gloucester in MP II al375 William 66.1891: Bellyng as a bole that 666.41-3: Nat sugre-plate, maad by thappote- bumes wold spille. al420 Lydgate Troy II carye, Plate of briht metal, yevith a mery soun. 465.2468-70: In her fight thei fare Like . . . In Boklerys-bury is noon such letuary. 1520 steme bolis, whan thei ben savage. al470 Malory Whittinton Vulgaria 50.17-20: Thy company I 267.11: Than they hurteled togedyrs as two and thou, that can bothe forge and lye be two wylde bullys, II 474.19: And lyke too bullis they mete marchauntes to utter ware in buklersbury. laysshed togydirs. 1490 Caxton Eneydos 162.4-5: Tu et tibi consocius, qui et fabricare et mentiri And approched eche other ryght harde, lyke nostis: inter pharmacapolas ad antidota ven- two bulles. al513 Dunbar Complaint to the King denda, maxime estis idonei. See note, p. 135. 5.27: That ladis may bait him lyk a buill. B580 Buds (bribes) bear bemes (men) through B589 To cry like Bulls cl475 Henryson Fables 80.2322: Seis thow not cl400 Laud Troy I 198.6704: Thei cried . . . as Buddis beiris Bemis throw? Whiting Scots I 177. boles rore. al420 Lydgate Troy II 555.5546: Cf. Apperson 67, 245; Oxford 64, 237; Tilley Liehe wylde bolis thei gan crye. cl450 Merlin II 552[20]: He fledde cryinge and brayinge as a B658, G108. See G64, Μ49β. bole. B581 The Bud has tarage (_^«or) from the root B590 To roar like a Bull (varied) al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 261.9462-6: The cl300 Havelok 82.2438-40: That he rorede als a bud hath tarage off the roote, Lyk as an appyl bole That wore parred in an hole With dogges or a pere, Thogh yt be bom, nevere so fere, Yt forto bite and beite. al420 Lydgate Troy II savoureth (whan that al ys do,) Off the Tre 555.5546: Liehe wylde bolis thei gan . . . rore. that yt каш fro. с1450 Capgrave Katharine 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 50.1233: He rored 153.1216-8: And in oure philosophie, I hope, . . . lyke a wylde bull. Taylor and Whiting 46; thus is it founde That naturally the braunche Tilley B715. cute of the rote Shal take his savour, be it B591 To yell like Bulls soure be it swote. See A169, K30. cl400 Laud Troy I 198.6704: Thei . . . yelled as B582 Not praise at a Bud cl450 Pilgrimage LM 61[7-8]: Preyseth it nouht

boles rore. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 50.1233: He . . . yelled lyke a viride bull.

BÓ08

63

B592 As bright as Bullace (a wild plum) cl460 Satirical Description 199[4]: As bryght as . . . bolace. Svartengren 225; Whiting NC 377. B593 As wood (mad) as a wild Bullock 1455 Paston III 39[17-8]: Howard was as wode as a wilde bullok. B594 As rugged as Burs cl545 Heywood Four FT D3^[7]: Shakynge hys eares, as raged as burres. B595 To cleave (together) like Burs al300 Arthour and M} 231.8279-80: To gider thai cleved in that werre, So with other doth the burre. al400 Вопит Est 75.7-8: Thei eleven alle to-geder as burres don. cl515 Barclay Fxlogues 85.872: Together they cleave more fast then do burres. 1546 Heywood D 76.207: They cleave together like burs. Apperson 102; Oxford 97; Tilley B723; Whiting Drama 307:43, Scots 1144. B596 To join as Bur to bur cl523 Barclay Mirrour 78[22]: Testie foes joyned as burre to burre. B597 To stick like a Bur 1534 Heywood Love Cl''[14-5]: Her owne tale lyke a bur Stack to her owne back. Apperson 601-2; Taylor and Whiting 48; Tilley B723, 724. B598 An easy Burden breaks no bones cl450 Idley 91.620: And an easi burthen breketh noo boonys.

Bush cl450 Holland Howlat 77.895-6: That no bird was him lyke. Fro Burone to Berwike.

B604 One beats the Bush and another takes the bird (varied) al393 Gower CA II 194.2355-6: And takth the bridd to his beyete, Wher othre men the buisshes bete. al400 Ipomadon A 172.6019-22: For oftyne tymes has bytydde And sayd off long tyme agoone. That on the bushe bettes one, A nothere man hathe the bryde. al439 Lydgate Fall I 144.5127-8: Oon bet the busshe, another hath the sparwe. And alle the birdis in his possessioun. al450 Generydes В 144.4523-4: Butt as it hath be sayde full long agoo, Some bete the bussh and some the byrdes take. cl450 Douce MS.52 47.36: On betyth the buske, a-nother hathe (the) brydde. 1472 Paston V 142[6-7]: We bette the busschysse and have the losse and the disworschuppe and ether men have the byrds. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.4b in Retrospective 309[30]: Sum man bet the buschys, another hath the bryddys. al475 Ludus Coventriae 111.81-3: Here may all men this proverbe trow, That many a man doth bete the bow. Another man hath the brydde. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 118.16: On betyt the broscus, a-nother hath the bordys. 1546 Heywood D 23.34-5: And while I at length debate and beate the bushe. There shall steppe in other men, and catche the burdes. Apperson 31; Oxford 28; Taylor and Whiting 48; Tilley B740; Whiting Scots I 145. See D147, F418.

B599 Light Burden far heavy 1546 Heywood D 97.217: Light burdeine far B605 To be like Bushes heavy, 1555 E 164.113. Apperson 364; Jente al350 Ywain 8.261: His browes war like litel 454; Oxford 367; Tilley B727. buskes. cl390 Sir Gawain 6.182: A much berd as a busk over his brest henges. al425 Chester B600 To lay the Burden on another's back cl515 Barclay Eclogues 52.54-8: "So mens com- Plays 1153.509: His beard like a buske of breeres. mon gise Is alway to lay the burthen or the B606 To bum like a dry Bush sacke (Which them sore grieveth) upon some other backe." "Nothing is traer then is this of cl410 Lovelich Grail IV 219.177-8: And that as thee sayde. It is a trae proverbe, and pretyly lihtly he brende there As a drye busch whanne it is On fere. convayde." Tilley B728. B607 To lay a Bush before the gap (varied ) B601 Too long Burden makes weary bones cl400 Beryn 55.1789: He leyith a bussh to-fore 1463 Stonor Letters I 62[4]: To long burthyn the gap. 1529 More Supplication 328 A[14-6]: makyth wery bonys. We have stopped them that gap al ready with B602 Burgess' bairns thrive not to the third heir suche a bush of thomes, as will pricke theyr al500 Thre Prestís 6-8.93-5: To you I have ane handes. MED bush n. (1) 3(a). Cf. Tilley G28. questioun to Declare, Qiihy burgess bamis See G32, 33. thryffld nocht to the thrid aire. Bot castis away it that thar eldaris wan, 12.173, 182, 16.248. B608 To wend about the Bush (varied ) cl475 Henryson Fahles 69.1996: About the busk Whiting Scots I 144-5. See G333. with wayis thocht thow wend. 1520 WhittinB603 From Burrian to Berwick ton Vulgaria 35.12-3: A longe betynge about

Bush

64

the busshe and losse of tyme. c l 5 2 0 Terem BS'tie-T]: Thou must furst sue to The old mans frendys, ells Abowt the bush dost thow go {i.e. lose your desire). Apperson 31; Oxford 27; Taylor and Whiting 48; Tilley B742; Whiting Scots I 145.

B609 thai gonne talle. So bocher that hog upon his stalle, 159.2827-8: He hem to-hiwe by fyve, by sex. So the bocher dooth the oxe. c l 3 3 0 Body and Soul 50.407-8: Ye ladde me bi your enprise, As the bucher (L: bothelere, D: belwether. Royal 239:344: shepherde) doth the schepe.

B609 Under the Bush one must abide fair B617 He hits the Butt very late that bends many weather bows с1250 Hendyng О 194.17: Ounder buskes me 1509 Watson Ship E3''[18-9]: He hytteth the shal fair weder abide, al325 С 185-6.20: Under butte veray late that bendeth many bowes. See bousse man seal wedir abide. c l 4 5 0 Greene B433. Carols 338.4: Under the busch ye shul tempeste Abyde tyl hit be over goo. al500 Shane MS.747 Ββ18 As sure as if it were sealed with Butter 1546 Heywood D 88.267-8: Every promise that f.66a: Under the busshe yt ys gode fayre weder thou therin dost utter. Is as sure as it were to abyde. Apperson 73, 658; Oxford 18; Skeat 82. sealed with butter, 1555 E 165.120. Apperson в е ю As round as a Bushel 555; Oxford 632; Tilley B769. c l 5 4 5 Heywood Four PP ОЗ" ]: Rolynge his yes B619 It is not all Butter that the cow shits as rounde as two bushels. 1546 Heywood D 95.145-6: But against gaie B611 A Bushel of March dust is worth a king's glosers, this rude text recites. It is not all butter, ransom that the coow shites. Oxford 72; Tilley B775. 1533 Heywood Weather 02"· [7-8]: And now to B620 No Butter will cleave to his bread mynde there is one olde proverbe come: One 1546 Heywood Ό 88.265: But there will no bushell of march dust is worth a kinges raunbutter cleave on my breade. Apperson 74; Oxsome. Apperson 400; Oxford 407; Tilley B743. ford 72; Tilley B778. B612 In a Bushel of weening {surmising) is not a B621 To look as if Butter would not melt in handful of cunning one's mouth cl477 Norton Ordinali 22[5-6]: An old Pro1546 Heywood Ό 38.120: She lookth as butter verbe, In a Bushell ofweeninge. Is not found one wolde not melte in hir mouth. Apperson 74-5; handfull of Cunninge. al500 Hill 131.32: In a Oxford 136; Taylor and Whiting 49-50; Tilley busshell of wynnynge, ys not a hondfull of B774. cunnyng. Apperson 73; NED Weening 1; Tilley B744. (Both Apperson and Tilley read winning.) B622 As foul as a ButterBy 1456 Hay Govemaunce 157.27: Ane othir fule B613 In little Business stands great rest as a buterflee. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer Truth 10: Gret reste stant in litel besinesse. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom B623 The Butterfly and the candle (mried) 245.57: In lytyll besynesse stondythe grete rest. 1340 Ayenbite 206[16-7]: Zuo long vliyth the cI450 Fyrst thou sal 90.127. 1458 Fasten III vlindre {moth) aboute the candle thet hi bernth. 124[ll-2]: Youre fadye sayde: In lityl bysynes al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa Β3··[1.1-5]: lyeth muche reste. 1523 Skelton Garlande I (A gnat) drawyth towarde lyghte and gladly 417.1410: With litell besynes standith moche he seeth lyghte, and soo unwarly he fallyth rest. Tilley B751. See R118. in to a candyll, other in to the fyre. And for covetyse for to se lyght he brennyth hymselfe B614 One Business begets another ofte, ddr[2.25-30]; And Papia sayth that but1528 More Heresyes 105 B[4-5]: It is an olde said terflyes be smalle fleenge beestys that come saw, that one busynes begetteth and bryngeth by nyghte whan lighte is kyndlyd in candéis, forth another. Apperson 469; Tilley B753. and laboureth to quenche the lyghte of the B615 The Butcher shows his flesh fairly (to candyls, and so thei be brent in the fyre of the advantage), for he would sell it candylles. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 228.5-6: al475 Good Wyfe Wold 174.29-30: Seyd hit ys And so longe fleiyheth the botrefliye a-boute a full ryve, "The bocher schewyth feyr his flesche, brennyng candel that at the last he falleth For he wold sell hit full blythe." ther-ynne and brenneth. cl440 Charles of OrleB616 To tail (hew) {etc.) as the Butcher does ans 201.5988-90: But as the moth doth bi the al300 Alisaunder 107.1883-4: Hem to pieces candil fyre Kan not eschewe the flawmys en-

B637

65

Buy

combraunce But fleth abowt ay brennyng nere cl400 Beryn 111.3696: That set of hym selff the and nere. cl440 Scrope Epistle 109[3-7]: To store of a boton. cl420 Wyntoun IV 293.2142: this Seynt Austyn seith that he that is not I set noucht thar by a buton. cl450 Merlin II besy to eschewe ineonveniencees is leche a 527[16-7]: I wolde not sette at a boton what oon b(u)tyrflye that tumyth so ofte abowte the fyre seide. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 36[28]. al533 of the lampe that he bimeth his wenges and Berners Huon 649.28. Whiting Scots I 146. thanne is drowned in the oyle. cl450 Epistle B633 Not the value of a Button of Othea 139.19-24 (as Scrope). 1484 Caxton cl400 Brut I 199.1-2: Ne forto have of me as Royal Book R4''[19-21]: And the gnat fleeth so miche helpe as the value of a botoun. longe at the flamme of the candell, that atte laste it brenneth. Owst Literature 43; Oxford B634 Not vail (avail) a Button 212; Taylor and Whiting 251; Tilley F394. See al300 Tristrem II 40.1448: It no vailed о botoun. B299. cl300 Beves 47.1003-4: Hauberk ne scheid ne actoun Ne vailede him nought worth a botoun. B624 (Not) but a ButterHy cl400 Alexander Buik 1 33.1045-6: Sa that с1390 Hilton Mixed Life (Vernon) in Yorkshire nouther scheid nor blassone Availlit him of ane Writers I 288[14]: What is al the pompe of this buttoune. cl408 Lydgate Reson 95.3593-4: world in richesse or jolyte but a boturflye? Avaylle may, me lyst nat glose, Nat the boton of B625 Not give (worth, set) a Butterfly A rose. cl475 Guy^ 131 С 2216: His shelde al300 Richard 216.2515-6 (var.): Ffor Kyng R. availled him not a botoun. Oxford 72; Whiting and his galyes We wolde nought geve twoo Scots I 146. boterflyes. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 2790[В3980]: Swich talkyng is nat worth a boterflye, cl395 B635 Not worth a Button IV[E] 2303-4: I sette right noght, of al the cl300 Guy^ A 2216: His scheid nas nought vileynye That ye of wommen write, a boterflye! worth a botoun, 346 A 6459-60: He carf the brini that newe was. Nought worth a botoun it Whiting Drama 336:426: nas. cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 526.73: B626 To fare like a Butterfly on a lime-twig Hit nis not worth an old Botoun. al430 Lydgate 1532 More Confutación 480 H[8-10]: He fareth Pilgrimage 325.11942: Yt ys nat worth a smal lyke a butter flye fallen on a lime twigge, botoun. 1532 More Confutación 355 D[l]. Apwhich the more it striveth and flotereth, ever person 456; Oxford 72; Taylor and Whiting 50; the faster it hangeth. Tilley B782; Whiting Scots I 146. B627 To hawk for a Butterfly B636 He Buys dearly who bids (asks) cl516 Skelton Magnificence 19.575: He hawketh, 1340 Ayenbite 194[24-6]: And this is thet me me thynke, for a butterflye. Apperson 291; zayth ine atwytinge. "Dyere ha bayth: thet byt," Tilley H231. 198[1]: Thet to mo(c)he bayth thet byt. cl400 Vices and Virtues 214.30-3: For, as Senek seith, B628 To wander like Butterflies nothing is so dere bought as that that a man cl477 Norton Ordinali 93[8]: Let such like hath bi biddyng, and that is the proverbe that Butterflies wander and passe. MED buter-flie men seyn. "Dere he bieth that asketh." 1484 1(c). Caxton Royal Book Q5''[28]: The proverbe saith that it is over dere bought that is demaunded. Ββ29 To have one's Buttock pricked with a thom cl500 Lyfe of Roberte 242.597: I trowe youre B637 To Buy and sell (be bought and sold) cl325 Flemish Insurrection 116.3: Hou the flembuttocke be prycked with a thome. mysshe men bohten hem ant solde. cl330 B630 Not give a Button Rouland 60.837-8: Smite ich eft on sithe, al300 Richard 433.6903-4 (var.): For thy lyfe Thi liif is bought and seid. al393 Cower CA and thy barons He wyll not gyve two botouns. II 212.3059-61: The Chapmen of such merTaylor and Whiting 50. cerie With fraude and with Supplantarie So manye scholden beie and selle. al400 Torrent ВеЗХ Not praise a Button 75.2165-6: To wend over the see fome. There 1340 Ayenbite 86[27]: Hi ne prayseth the wordle god was bought and sold. al425 Metrical Parabote ane botoun. cl450 Merlin II 486[33-4]: I phrase ОТ 88.12530-2: The werkes that god here preise not at a boton . . . the speche. wyll have wroyght . . . Aw nawder to be sold ne boyght. al450 Audelay 3.78-9: Nou yif a Вв32 Not set a Button

Buzzard

66

B638

woman maryd schal be, Anoon sehe schal be B638 To be a blind Buzzard boght and sold, 4.107: He wold here sell that cl378 Piers В 266: I rede eche a blynde bosarde he had boght, 209.8-9. al450 Generydes A do bote to hymselve. cl383 Wyclif Vita Sacerdo187.6039: His live was nigh boght and sold. tum in SEW III 238[5]: Thes blynde bosardes. al450 Generydes В 133.4170: This galy lith not cl400 Office of Curates in Wyclif EW 157[9]. here to by ne selle {Pitterai). al450 York Plays 1402 Daw Topias 98[5-6]: But of other thou 420.449: Thus schall the sothe be bought and blundyrst as a blynde buserde. al425 OfMynyssolde. cI450 How mankinde dooth in Fumivall tris in Wyclif SEW II 412[37]: Thes blynde Hymns 59.23: He is bought and soolde. cl450 bussardis. Apperson 54-5; MED busard 1 (с); Idley 85.293: By hym many Regions be bought Skeat 111; Svartengren 172; Taylor and Whiting and solde. 1485 R. Holinshed Chronicles (Lon- 50-1; Tilley B792. don, 1808) 111 444[41]: For Dikon thy maister is bought and sold. cl497 Medwall Fulgens BS'PO]: I tell you the mater is bought and B639 To be hurt with the Bygirdle ( purse) solde. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 49.1576: Why, al200 Ancrene 67.11-2: Thench as the prisun was not for money Troy bothe bought and solde? walde the the other hurte sare with the bi80.2543: To day in surety, to morowe bought gurdel. See P302, 448. and solde, 1522 Why Come II 32.169: I drede we are bought and solde. cl525 Heywood Wit 18[18]: By and selli 1546 D 35.20: You to bye and B640 Strange Bypaths often do great offence sell, 1556 Spider 32[16]: When many a flie, to al449 Lydgate Freond in MP II 757.60-2: harme was bought and solde. Apperson 61; Straunge bypathes doone offt gret offence. Til Oxford 58; Tilley B787; Whiting Scots I 146. unkouthe folke that fayle exparience Unto what See GlOO, S458. parte that pathe dothe hem lede.

C l Render unto Caesar the things which are day, there should be plenty of good(s) and Caesar's peace clOOO WSG Matthew xxii 21: AgyfaÔ t)am aI470 Parker Dives E2^[1.14-8]: In the yere of Casare jsing Jie Öass Casyres synt, and Code our lorde a thousande and four hondred, the Jia Sing J>e Codes synt. cl384 WBible Matthew kalendas of Januarye felle on the thursdaye xxii 21: Therfore yelde yee to Cesar (cl395: the whan, as they saye, sholde falle piente of all emperoure) tho thinges that ben Cesaris (cl395: good and peas also. Apperson 331. the emperouris) and to Cod tho thingis that ben C8 As wise as a Calf of Cod. Oxford 538; Tilley C9. 1533 Heywood Weather C2''[40]: Thou arte C2 As plat (flat) as a Cake wyse as a calfe. 1533 More Apologye 65[34]: As cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 492.18401: That wyfe (for wyse) as a calf. See W29. Stylle he lay as plat a kake. Cf. Apperson 218: flat; Oxford 209; Taylor and Whiting 275: pan- C9 It is not all for the Calf that the cow lows cl330 Times of Edward II 332.183-5: Hit nis cake; Tilley P39. noht al for the calf the kow louweth, Ac hit is C3 A crooked Cake makes a strong womb for the grene gras that in the medewe grouweth (stomach) So god. Apperson 118; Oxford 50. cl450 Douce MS.52 57.142: A crokyd cake makyth a stronge wombe. Tortula curvata dat CIO To dread as Calf does bear (etc.) (A number viscera fortificata. MED croked 1(f): "Irregular of single quotations are brought together here) al300 Alisaunder 103.1819-20: Men dreden in shape; Pcoarse." hym, on uche half, So chalf the bere. cl390 C4 Not count a Cake Chaucer CT I[A] 3259-60: Therto she koude al450 Myn awen dere 167.580: Than thai counte skippe and make game, As any . . . calf folwynge the noght a cake. cl475 Golagros 4.103: Thi his dame. cl400 Laud Troy I 135.4571-2: He schore compt I noght ane caik. Whiting Scots cleff the body even In halff. As it hadde ben a 1 146. cloven calff. C5 To eat one's Cake and have it C l l To kill the fatted Calf 1546 Heywood D 96.181: Wolde ye bothe eate clOOO WSG Luke xv 23: And bringa6 an fastt your cake, and have your cake? Apperson 178; styric and ofsleaS. cl395 WBible Luke xv 23: Oxford 167; Taylor and Whiting 52-3; Tilley And brynge ye a fat calf, and sleye. Oxford 334. С15. C12 After a Calm follows sudden rage (look for C6 Hence to Calais a storm) cl497 Medwall Fulgens Dl''[25]: There ys no al420 Lydgate Troy III 710.4992: After the calm man hens to cales. al513 Dunbar Complaint to folweth sodeyn rage. 1534 More Lewys the lost the King 5.6: I sail him knawin т а к hyne to lover in Workes 1432 D[8]: Ever after thy calme, Calis. loke I for a storm. Apperson 604; Oxford 4; C7 When the Calends of January fall on Thurs- Taylor and Whiting 54; Tilley C24. See S1I9. 67

Camel

ό8

с 13 As hard as for a Camel to pass through the eye of a needle с1000 WSG Matthew xix 24: EaÖehcre byÖ Jjam olfende to ganne j)urh naedle eage, jjonne se welega on heofona rice ga, Mark χ 25: naedle t>yrel, Luke xviii 25. al050 Defensor Liber 177[9-10]: E{)elicur ys olfend Jjurh Jjyrel naedle Jjurhfaran {заеппе weligne ingan on rice heofena. cl200 Vices and Virtues {Stowe) 69.7-9: Ne mai na more . . . the riche mann cumen in to hevene riche, thanne mai the olvende cumen thurh the naedle eighetì. cl350 The Mirror of Saint Edmund in Perry Religious Pieces 31.12-4: And of tham Jhesu saise in the gospelle that "lyghtere it ware a camelie to passe thurghe a nedill eghe, than the riche to com in-to the blysse of heven!" cI390 Mirror of St. Edmund in Yorkshire Writers I 251[6-7]: Hit weore lihtore to a chamaile gon thorw the eighe of an nedele, then the riche entre in to the joye of hevene. cl395 WBible Matthew xix 24: It is lighter a camel to passe thorou a needlis ighe, thanne a riche man to entre in to the kyngdom of hevens, Mark X 25, Luke xviii 25. cl400 Pepysian Gospel 68.22-5: And tho seide Jesus to hem that who so hym affleth in his richesse ne may nomore entren with inne the blisse of hevene than a camel may thorough a nedel hole. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 3[24-5]: The riche mighte not entre there no more than a camele miht passe thoruh the eye of a nedele, 153[23-5]. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 222.5-6: Not so wicked man, not so schalt thou entre. The nedel ее or the hole of it is streyte and receyvez not such packes. al470 Parker Dives A3''[1.39-2.1]: It is more easy, sayd he, a Camele to passe thrugh nedels eye than the riche man to entre in the kyngdome of hevens. 1495 Fitzjames Sermo E5''[9-10]: Full harde it is a ryche man to entre the kyngdom of heven. 1522 More Treatyce 92 E[17-20]: Our saviour Christ said it were as harde for the riche manne to come into heaven, as a great cable or a Camel to go through a nedles eye, 1532 Frith in Workes 839 B[10-5], 1534 Comforte 1204 ВС: It is more easy for a Camell (or as some saye) for Camelus so signifyeth in the Greke tonge, for a gret cable rope, to goe thorowe a nedles eye, then for a ryche manne to enter into the kingdome of god, DE. Oxford 447; Taylor and Whiting 54; Tilley C26.

аз

С15 It becomes him as it becomes a Camel or bear to dance 1533 More Answer 1115 H[9-ll]: It as properlye becommeth the manne to taunte, as it becommeth a Camel or a beare to daunce. Tilley C30. С16 A man may overload a strong Camel cl523 Barclay Mirrour 25[30]: A man may overlode a mightie strong camell. See B422, S249, T118, W6. С17 As crooked as a Cammock (crooked stick) al529 Skelton Gamesche I 117.30: Crokyd as a camoke. Apperson 122; Tilley C33; Whiting Scots I 146-7. See T470. С18 As right (straight) as a crooked Cammock 1522 Skelton Why Come II 30.114: As right as a cammocke croked. See R27. C19 As bright as Candle al300 Arthour and M.i 92.3203-4: Wild fer, That brent bright so candel der. C20 As burning as a Candle al533 Berners Huon 103.5: Eyen brynynge lyke a candell. C21 As clear as any Candle al400 Romaunt В 3199-200: Hir eyen twoo were deer and light As ony candell that brenneth bright. al400 Scottish Legends I 4.109: In-to the nycht as candil clere. C22 As upright as a Candle 1546 Heywood D 60.31-2: Upright as a candle standth in a socket, Stoode she that daie. Tilley C38. C23 He that worst may must hold the Candle cl450 Complaint Against Hope 20.39: And how I moote forthe the candel holde (cf. note, p. 46). al500 Coventry Plays 47.457-8: And now he thatt ma worst of all The candyll ys lyke to holde. 1546 Heywood D 63.47: Who that woorst maie, shall holde the candell. Apperson 713; Oxford 733; Tilley C40.

C24 One Candle can light many (varied) cl350 Alexander В 180.233-6: Of a torche that is tend tak an ensample: That though ludus of the lem lihtede an hundred. Hit scholde nouht lesen his liht no the latur brenne While the weke and the waxe unwasted lasteth. 1369 Chaucer BD 963-5: That she was lyk to torche bryght That every man may take of lyght Ynogh, and hyt hath never the lesse, cl395 CT III[D] С14 As strong as a Camel 333-5: He is to greet a nygard that wolde weme cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1196: Syn ye be strong A man to lighte a candle at his lanterne; as is a greet camaille. 1506 Kalender 148.8: He shal have never the lasse light, pardee. Stronge and myghty as the camel.

C41

69

Саге

с1395 WBible Numbers xi 17 gloss: As yif many 1546 Heywood D 87.242: My cap is better at candlis weren lightid by о candil and yit that ease then my hed, 1555 E 155.64: Thy cappe candil hath never the lesse light. al400 Alexan- is better at ease then thy hed. Apperson 81; der С 230.4231-2: For many lightis of a light Oxford 78; Tilley C65. is lightid othire-quile. And yit the light at tham lightis is lightid as before. cl425 Orcherd C32 To set one's Cap (houve [cap] {i.e., deceive, 246.2-3. cl440 Prose Alexander 78.4-6: The pay back) whilk I may prove bi this simylitud—I sup- 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 586: And yet this posse a man hadd in his hand a lyght candi 1, Manciple sette hir aller cappe, cl390 3143: many other candills may be lyghted thare at, How Üiat a clerk hath set the wrightes cappe, and it lose na-thynge of his lyghte. Tilley C45. 3911: Thogh I answere, and somdeel sette his howve. See W491. C33 As swift as Caprets {roes) C25 To set a Candle before the devil 1461 Paston IV 12[20-1]: For it is a comon cl395 WBible 1 Paralipomenon (Chronicles) proverbe, "A man must sumtyme set a candel xii 8: Thei weren swift as capretis in hillis. befor the Devyle." 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria C34 Such Captain such retinue 107.3-4: Thou art aboute to please a shrewe al393 Cower CA II 291.2421: Such Capitein (I have espyed) as a man that offereth a can- such retenue. Apperson 366-7; Oxford 78. See dell to the devyll. 1546 Heyv^ood D 36.47-8: С192, L455, M408, P403. Thought it not evyll To sette up a candle before the devyll, 1555 E 152.37. Apperson 79; Jente C35 As clear as Carbuncle 493; Oxford 298; Tilley C42. с1390 A salutaoioun to ure lady 137.105-6: Charbokel never so der schone As ye schyne in C26 To shine like Candles cristes see. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 49.1556: al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa h7'[1.8]: Her eyen relucent as carbuncle so clere. Theyr eyen shyne as candelles. C36 To outface with a Card of ten C27 When all Candles are out all cats are gray al499 Skelton Bowge I 42.314-5: Fyrste pycke a 1561 Heywood D 27.39-40: When all candéis quarell, and fall oute with hym then. And soo be out, all cats be grey. All thinges are then of outface hym with a carde of ten. Apperson 476; one colour, as who say. Apperson 85; Jente Oxford 481; Tilley C75. 126; Oxford 86; Tilley C50. See F557. Care, sb. C28 To fly out like Candlelight al400 Ipomadon A 227.7982-3: So hard they C37 He has Care that keeps children hewe on helmus bright. The fyre flew oute as cl425 Good Wife H 171.172: Care he hath that candyll lyght. childryn schall kepe. Apperson 96:4. Cf. Oxford 92; Tilley C330. C29 To shine like Candlelight cl380 Ferumbras 83.2544: Thay schyne ther in C38 Keep you from Care and bless you from tal that house, so doth the candelight. cl400 the mare {goblin) Triamour 64.728: That felde schon as candull cl450 Douce MS.52 46.26: Kepe the fro care. lyght. And blesse the fro the mare. See M375. C30 Candlemas Day C39 The least Care of nine 1523 Skelton Garlande I 418.1439-45: With 1533 Heywood Johan Β1··[19]: That is the lest Marione clarione, sol, lucerne. Ground juir, of care I have of nyne. Whiting Drama 352:678. this Frenshe proverbe olde. How men were wonte for to discerne By candelmes day what C40 They are worthy to have Care who will not wedder shuld holde; But Marione clarione was be aware by others caught with a colde colde, anglice a cokwolde. al300 Alisaunder 169.3025-6: Hii ben worthi to And all overcast with cloudis unkynde, This habben care That nylleth ben by othere yware. goodly fowre with stormis was untwynde. Ap- See C161, M170. person 79; Le Roux de Lincy Le Livre des Proverbes Français (2 vols., Paris, 1842) I 64-5; C41 To borrow Care cl370 Chaucer Lady 10: Ther nedeth me no Oxford 76-7; Tilley C52. care for to borwe. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 382: Trouble. C31 My Cap is better at ease than my head

Care

70

C42

C51 All too late when the Cart (bier, wain, C42 To have no Care for the plow al393 Gower CA II 274.1792-4: Of yonge men death, poverty) is at the gate (varied) the lusti route Were of this tale glad ynowh, аХЗОО Lither lok Sermon 105[35-6]: Ak god itot thanne is to late, Thanne is te carte atte gate. Ther was no care for the plowh. al300 Proprietates Mortis in Brown Lyrics ΧΠΙ Care, vb. 130.13-4: Al to late, al to late, Wanne the bere ys ate gate. cl300 Body and Soul 55 L 441-4: C43 To Care (sorrow) gains nothing cl330 Gregorius 55 A 169-70: No helpeth it Nay, bodi, nough is to late, For to preighe and to no thing to care, Y not no gayneth (V: For hit preche, Nou the wayn is ate yate. And thi tonge geyneth) it the nought. Cf. Apperson 82: Care hath leid the (A lom his) speche. al325 Hendyng С 190-1.46: "Al to late, al to late. Wan the is no cure; Oxford 78; Tilley C83. See M729. deth is at the gate" Quod Marcol. cl350 ProC44 To lie in Carebed prium Sanctorum 302.335-6: To do penaunce al300 Tristrem 32.1123-4: Thre yer in carebed lit is ful late Whon the deth is at the yate. lay Tristrem. cl390 Northern Homily Cycle al393 Gower CA III 162.7667-9: Bot that is Narrationes (Vernon) 299.36: In Care bed he lay spoken al to late. For thanne is poverte ate gate so longe. al400 Perceval 34.1062: The kyng to And takth him evene be the slieve. al400 All carebedd es gane. MED care η. (1) 2(b); NED to Late in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 250.7: Al Care sb.i 6; Whiting Ballad 35. to late, al to late, then is te wayne atte yate. al400 Pricke 55.2000-1: When the dede es at C45 From Carlisle (in)to Kent the yhate. Than es he warned over late. cl420 cl350 Libeaus 92.1661-2: Nas non so queinte Wyntoun II 58.633-4: And to ask mercy is to of gin From Carlile into Kent. al450 Castle lait Quhen the wayne is at the yet. cl450 Douce 83.201. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 369.196: Yet MS.52 52.93: Alle to late, alle to late. When they ryde and rinne from Carlyll to Kente. See deth is come to yate. cl450 Rylands MS.394 B260. 102.19: weyne. al500 Thre Prestís 51.1231-2: C46 Merry Carlisle Than is over lait, allace, havand sik let, Quhan al445 Carl 158.652: In the towne of mery deiths cart will stand befoir the get. Kneuer Carelyle. al500 Lambewell 144.4: He sojourned 48-9; Schleich 268-9; Singer III 136-7. See in merry Carlile. al500 Marriage 1 105.1, 107.20. A72, L168, 178, M484, S45. Cisco Adam Bell in Child Ballads III 25-7.66, 68, 77, 96. C52 The best Cart may overthrow (varied ) cl450 Idley 93.754-6: A man may so overcharge C47 As sweet as Carp bothe cart and wayne That it woll breke and all al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 414.15365: Swett- overthrowe. And moche harme therof may happe ere than . . . karp. to growe. 1549 Heywood D 45.149: The best cart maie overthrowe. Apperson 83; Oxford 35; C48 An ill Carpenter makes many chips al533 Berners Arthur 367[13-4]: The knight is Tilley ClOl. See W6. an yll carpenter, for he maketh many chyppes. C53 Cart and plow bear up clergy and chivalry Cf. Tilley C93. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 311.11400-1: Carte and plowh, they ber up al The clergye and the C49 Such Carpenter such chips (varied ) al533 Berners Arthur 319[25-6]: I se wel he chevalrye. is a good carpenter, for he hath made here a C54 A greased Cart goes more easily fayre syght of chyppes. 1546 Heywood D 83.101: cl450 Idley 90.544: A Carte goith more easily Suche carpenters, such chips. Apperson 607; whan he is greesed. See note, p. 216. Jente 369; Oxford 79; Tilley C94. C55 The long Cart often has a heavy carriage C50 To hew like the Carpenter al300 Arthour and 247.8837-8: Ich knight (burden) hewe on his per. On schide so doth the сафеп- cl475 Prohemy of a Manage 28[8]: The long ter. cl410 Lovelich Merlin II 383.14312-4: cart offte hath hevy cariage. Swich a noyse . . . As of alle the world the carponteris In wodes hadde hewen stowt and C56 (To be able) to drive a Cart between fers. al533 Berners Arthur 474[27-8]: He did 1556 Heywood Spider 119[19]: Betwene whiche: cutte so among his enemies as a caφenter doth and thy case thou maist drive a carte. hewe chyppes out of a gret tree. C57 To be cast at Cart's arse

C73

71

1549 Heywood D 33.23: I am cast at carts ars. Apperson 83-4; Oxford 81; Tilley С106.

Castle the moste prevey place is as opone to hyme as is the carte veye.

C58 То be cast in a Cart C66 A dry Cart-wheel cries the loudest cl450 Idley 179.1258: He cowde not calle to cl450 Jacob's Well 260.26-7: As a carte-qweel, mercie—he was cast in wanhopis carte. drye and ungrecyd, cryeth lowdest of othere qwelys. Cf. Tilley W287. See W207. C59 Te overthrow a Cart in the mire al393 Gower CA li 183.1974-6: So that his C67 The Case is altered carte amidd the Myr, Be that 1 have his conseil al500 Nut Brown Maid 184.196: The case is knowe, Fulofte sithe 1 overthrowe. MED cart altered now. Apperson 83; Oxford 80; Taylor 1(b). and Whiting 57; Tilley C l l l . C60 To set the Cart before the horse C68 Hasty Case requires short redress 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 36.2-3: That teycher cl421 Lydgate Thebes 152.3691-2: And hasty setteth the cart before the horse that preferreth cas, as folk seyn that be wys. Redresse requereth imitacyon before preceptes. 1528 More Heresyes by ful short avys. 154 С [5-7]: We woulde go make the carte to C69 On new Case lies new advice {varied ) drawe the horse, 1533 Apologye 126[1]: Set the cl385 Chaucer TC iv 416: And upon newe cas carte before the horse. Apperson 83; Oxford hth newe avys, el390 CT VII 1225[В2415]: For 80; Taylor and Whiting 56; Tilley С103. See the lawe seith that "upon thynges that newely S873. bityden bihoveth newe conseil." al500 English Conquest 111.7-9: The kynges messangers . . . C61 To shove at the Cart cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 132.617: Now, good upon new adventures toke new consail. Cf. freend shove at the cart, I yow preye. 1471 Taylor and Whiting 70. Paston V 110[34-5]: Yff ye be deer owt oif C70 Better a Castle of bones than of stones Doctor Aleyn danger, kepe yow ther, and her ?cl350 R. Holinshed Chronicles (1577, London, afftr ye maye schoffe as well at hys carte. 1818) VI 256-7: I remember the proverbe "Bet-

ter a castell of bones than of stones." Where . . . C62 "Draw to theel" quoth the Carter cl250 Owl 100.1186: "Drah to the!" cwath the valiant men are prest to helpe us, never will I cartare. E. G. Stanley ed. Пе Owl and the . . . cumber my selfe with dead walles. Oxford Nightingale (Edinburgh, 1960) 134 (not taken as 37. See W27. a Wellerism). C71 A Castle that speaks and a woman that hears will both be gotten C63 From Carthage to Ind, etc. al500 Warkworth 27[18-25]: For ther is a al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 205.7305-6: That, proverbe and a seyenge, that a castelle that from cartage in-to Inde, Men myghte nat a spekythe, and a womane that wille here, thei wille bettre fynde, cl440 Debate in MP II 565.648-9: be gotene bothe: for menne that bene in a casNatur his giftis doth dyversly devide, Whoos telle of warr, that wille speke and entrete withe power lastith from Cartage into Fryse, al449 ther enemyes, the conclusione therof (is) the So as the Crabbe Goth Forward in MP II 467.42: losynge of the castelle; and a womanne that Frome Cartage to Constaunce. wille here foly spokyne unto hyre, if sehe assent noght at one tyme, sehe wille at another. And C64 As common as the Cartway (way) al376 Piers A iii 127: As comuyn as the cart-wei so this proverbe was prevede trewe by the seide to knaves and to alle, cl378 В iii 131: to eche a Erie of Oxenforde. Apperson 84; Oxford 96; knave that walketh. 1402 Daw Topias 110[12-3]: Tilley C122; Whiting Scots I 156: Damsel. And maken hem als comoun As the cart weye. C72 He keeps a fair Castle that keeps well his 1464 Hardyng 175[27-8]: Amonge them was mouth comon as (the) carte waye. Ryot, robbery, opcl390 God man and the devel 340.440-1: Her-of pressyon, nyght and daye. al470 Parker Dives is I-writen a word that is couth: "He kepeth a Al''[2.31-2]: As comon as the cartewaye. cl475 feir Castel that kepeth wel his Mouth." ApperWisdom 57.655: Lust ys now comun as the way. son 337. See B427. Apperson 109; Tilley С109, H457. See S831. C73 No Castle so strong but will be won at last C65 As open as the Cartway cl408 Lydgate Reson 181.6919-21: And castel cl415 Middle English Sermons 102.14-5: And ys ther non so stronge. The sege ther-at may be

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so longe That at the last yt wll be wonne. See C79, 163, F501. C74 No Castle so strong that hunger will not win al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1180.5115-24: Ther ys no Castel so strong idight, That honger ne wynneth wythouten fight; Wythouten wepen or armour, Honger yeldeth castel and tour. God Castel dredes no power, Emperour, kyng, ne kayser, Ne other help me have at nede; Bot of honger ys al the drede. Ther force hath mad manye assayes, Honger hit wynnes byn fewe dayes. See H637, 640.

C74 Lyrics XIV 170.71: We schul him hunte as Cat doth mys. cl400 Vices and Virtues 183.24-6; And thus the devel pleieth ofte with the synful, right as the catt with the mous whan he hath y-take here. For whan he hath longe y-pleied, he eteth here. al450 Castle 105.954-5: I schal hym bynde In hell, as Catte dothe the mows. 1484 Caxton Royal Book 06''[25-6]: The devyl playeth ofte with the synnar, lyke as the catte doth with the mous. al500 Colyn Blowbol 105.288-9: And be as nyce in a mannys hous, As is a catt playing with a mous. cl500 Wife Lapped 200.493-4: Even as the cat was wonte with the mouse To play, forsoth even so did he. Apperson 85; Taylor and Whiting 61; Tilley С127; Whiting Drama 307:56.

C75 Of a little Castle comes a greater al533 Berners Huon 258,5-6: I have herd say that often tymes of a little castell cometh a greater. See L402. C81 As a Cat plays with (turns with) a straw C76 Though a Castle be well manned a man al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa еее^[1.359]: And he (a cat) is a full lecherouse beest in may creep in at a single hole al225 Lambeth Homilies 23[19-21]: And thah you the: swyfte, plyaunt and mery, and lepyth an castel be wel bemoned mid monne and mid and resyth on all thynge that is tofore him. wepne, and ther beo analpi holh that an mon And is led by a strawe and playeth therwyth. cl400 Beryn 98.3244: And tume round a-boute, mei crepan in, nis hit all unnet? as a Cat doith with a strawe. cl456 Pecock C77 To make Castles in Spain Faith 229[15-7]: Now trowe this, now trowe the al400 Romaunt В 2573-4: Thou shalt make reverse, like as a man kan with a strawe tume a castels thanne in Spayne, And dreme of joye. katte, now hidir, now thidir. cl477 Caxton Jason 25.6: And after he began to make castellis in Spaygne as lovers doo. Apper- C82 As blind as a Cat 1533 More Confutación 647 D[2-3]: As starcke son 84; Stuart A. Gallacher in Journal of American Folklore 76(1963) 324-9; A. Morel-Fatio in blinde as a catte. ΜέΙαηφ offerts h M. Emile Picot (Paris, 1913) I 335-42; Oxford 82; Taylor and Whiting 57; C83 As clean as Cats had licked him cl450 Douce MS.52 50.73: He is as dene as Tilley C125. cattus hadde lykkyd hym. cl450 Rylands MS.394 100.19. C78 As trusty as a Castle Wall al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 178.5077-8: Ffor eche man tok a tre to stai. As tristi as a castel C84 As piled (hairy) and singed as any Cat al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 371.13703: Pyled wal. and seynt as any kaat. С 79 A Castle Wall long assailed may not be C85 As stone-still as two Cats kept (varied) cl400 Laud Troy I 200.6788: Thei lay ston-stille cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 263-4: Thou seyst men as two cattes. Taylor and Whiting 59: still; may nat kepe a castel wal. It may so longe Whiting Drama 307:56. assailled been over al. с1450 Epistle of Othea 141.8-9: Who put all hys tryste in a castell wall, C86 A Cat falls on its feet A grett foole at long tyme prove hym-selfe he al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ее6''[2.16schall. See C73, 163, F501, T131, W507. 7]: And (o cat) falleth on his owne fete whan he fallyth out of hye place. 1519 Horman Vulgaria C80 As a Cat plays with a mouse {varied ) 434[31-2]: Cattes and dogges whan they shal 1340 Ayenbite 179[32-4]: The dyevel playth ofte fall from hye so nymbleth therself: that they mid the zeneyere ase deth the cat mid the mous wyl pitch upon their fete. Apperson 86; Oxford thanne he his heth ynome and hvanne he heth 82; Taylor and Whiting 58; Tilley С153. mid hire longe yplayd: thanne he his eth. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3346-7: I dar wel seyn, if she C87 The Cat fiddles the mouse a dance hadde been a mous. And he a cat, he wolde hire cl490 Sloane US.747 204.18: The catte fydylt hente anon. cl390 Truth is Best in Brown the mowse a daunce. Cf. Apperson 87: The cat

CÏOO invites the mouse to a feast; Whiting NC 377: Bug (5).

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Cat I 207[3]: The cat doth love the fishe, but she will not wett her foote. 1549 Heywood D 45.125: The cat would eate fyshe, and would not wet her feete, 1555 E 191.258. Apperson 88; Oxford 84; Skeat 209; Tilley С144; Whiting Scots I 147.

C88 A Cat may look at a king 1546 Heywood D 74.154; A cat male looke on a king, 1555 E 165.117. Apperson 85; Oxford 83; Taylor and Whiting 58; Tilley C141. C94 d i m ! clam! Cat leap over dam al400 Bozon Contes 145[7-8]: Clym! clam! cat C89 The Cat often mouses after her mother lep over dam (Tache! tache! vuyle vivre en {varied ) pache), 212[13-4]. MED cat 1(b). al300 Proverbs of Alfred 111 J 357-8: For ofte museth the kat After hire moder. 1546 Heywood C95 Let no man buy a Cat unless he sees the D 43.89: Cat after kynde good mouse hunt. clivers (claws) Apperson 86; Jente 143; Οφτά 82; Skeat 41; al300 Trinity MS.0.2.45 7(10): Ne bigge no man Tilley С136; Whiting Drama 49. See D25, cat, bute he iseo the clifres. Nullus emat catum, M720. nisi viderit unguipedatum. Quem scio saccatum, fallor si comparo catum. Stultus saccaC90 A Cat that has a good skin shall be flayed 1492 Salomon and Marcolphm 6[18-9]: A catte tum reputor si comparo catum. Walther III 468.19068a. See C102, P187. that hath a good skyn shal be flayne. C91 The Cat, the rat, and Lovell our dog rule all England under a hog al500 Fabyan 672[26-7]: The catte, the ratte, and Lovell our dogge, Rulyth all Englande under a hogge. Apperson 87-8; Oxford 83-4; Tilley С143.

C96 Let the Cat wink 01443 Pecock Reule 402[8-10]: And summe othere eldre (children) whanne thei desiren and asken to be leid in bed to siepe, thei seie, "lete the cat wynke," or sum othere inpertynent resoun. cl522 Skelton Colyn I 328.458-9: But swete ypocras ye drynke. With, Let the cat wynke! al529 Elynour 1 105.305-6: But drynke, styll drynke. And let the cat wynke. 1546 Heywood D 66.22: Let the cat winke, and leat the mouse ronne, 1555 E 186.222. Apperson 86; Oxford 84; Tilley С152.

C92 The Cat winked when her eye was out 1528 More Heresyes 241 A[ll-3]: But yet as weomen saye, somewhat it was alway that the cat winked whan her eye was oute. 1546 Heywood D 66.20-1: But somewhat it is, I see, when the cat vi^iikth. And bothe hir eyne out. ApperC97 Now sits the Cat thereas . . . son 88; Oxford 84; Tilley C174. al470 Harley MS.3362 f.4a: Now syt the cat C93 The Cat would eat fish but would not wet theras . . . lam catus resedet ubi iam matrona sedebat. Walther II 624.10324. its feet

al300 Trínity MS.0.2.45 7(11): Cat lufat visch, ac C98 One cannot give the Cat so much but that he nele his feth wete. cl380 Chaucer HF1783-5: she will wag her tail For ye be lyke the sweynte cat That wolde have 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[13-5]: Men fissh; but wostow what? He wolde nothing wete kan not geve the katte so moche but that she his Clowes. al393 Gower CA II 331.1108-11: woll hyr tayle wagge. And as a cat wolde ete fisshes Withoute wetinge of his des. So wolde he do, bot natheles He C99 A singed Cat dwells at home 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 348-54: Thou seydest faileth ofte of that he wolde. cl395 Pierce this, that I was lyk a cat; For whoso wolde senge 15.405: Thou woldest not weten thy fote and a cattes skyn, Thanne wolde the cat wel dwellen woldest fich kacchen. cl395 WBible Proverbs in his in; And if the cattes skyn be slyk and gay. xiii 4 gloss: He is liyk the cat that wolde ete She wol nat dwelle in house half a day. But fisch, netheles he eschewith to putte his feet in forth she wole, er any day be dawed. To shewe to the water. cl450 Rylands MS.394 93.13: The hir skyn, and goon a-caterwawed. al398(1495) catt wolle íyssh ete, but she wol not her fote Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ее6*[2.22-6]: And whan wete. cl470 Hurley MS.3362 f.5a in Retrospeche (o cat) hath a fayre skynne he is as it were tive 309[33] and Förster 202.14: The cat wold ete prowde therof, and gooth faste abowte. And {rest lacking). al475 Henryson Fables 70.2001: I whan his skynne is brente thenne he bydeth at {the fox) can nocht fische, fior weiting off my home. feit. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 32S 121.51: The catte wol hete fyse bute a wol not chyth (sic) ClOO The tame Cat bums oft its skin, but not the water. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. the wild cat

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1340 Ayenbite 230[4-5]: The privé cat bezength ofte his sein and zuo ne deth naght the wylde cat. cl400 Vices and Virtues 254.30-2: The tame catt brenneth ofte his fel, and so doth not the Wilde catt. 1484 Caxton Royal Book SS'ilO-l]: The catte brenneth ofte hyr skynne and so dooth not the wylde catte.

C70J

lycke shall. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 418.1438: And wele wotith the cat whos berde she likkith. 1549 Heywood D 98.246: The cat knowth whose lips she lickth well enough. Apperson 87; Kneuer 50-1; Oxford 83; Schleich 270-1; Singer 111 138; Tilley C140; Walther II 1017.15749-50.

С109 Who shall fmd a Cat true in keeping milk? (varied) 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 6[22-3]: Who shal fynde a catte trewe in kepyng mylke? al533 Berners Arthur 66-7: Wysdome is greate if the cat never touched mylke; as much to say as, С102 To buy a Cat in the sack whan love toucheth, wysedome is than oftencl400 De Blasphemia in Wyclif SEW III tymes overcome. Cf. Apperson 87: That cat is 422[18]: To bye a catte in tho sakke is bot litel out of kind; Oxford 83; Tilley С167. See P328. charge. Tilley C170. Cf. Jente 82. See C95, P187. Clio Not avail a Cat's Tail 1481 Caxton Reynard 50[13-4]: It sholde not С103 To fall like a Cat avaylle me a cattes tayl. cl400 Laud Troy I 181.6137-8: That he fel to the grounde as a cat, Wei even upon his ketil- C l l l Catch and hold hat, 261.8842: That thei fel doun as dede cattis. 1546 Heywood D 23.28: Than catche and holde while I may. Apperson 89. С104 To kew (mew) like a Cat al450 Castle 169.3118: Thow thou kewe as a kat. C112 Catch Üiat catch may al393 Cower CA III 358-9.4420-2: And whan С105 To see like a Cat in the night thei come were anon Among thebreus, was non al300 Alisaunder 281.5266: By nighth als a catt insihte. Bot cacche who that cacche myhte. hii seeth. Whiting NC 382. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 76: Cacche whoso C106 To teach one how the Cat sneezes (i.e., may, who renneth best lat see. cl503 More Early Poems [12] B[5]: Catch who so may. put in one's place, bully) al500 Basyn 45.30-1: Eche taught hym ever cl516 Skelton Magnificence 55.1750: They among, how the katte did snese. Right at his catche that catche may, kepe and holde fast, 1522 Why Come II 28.48. 1555 Heywood E owne wille. 197.293. Apperson 89; Oxford 85; Tilley C189. С107 To tum the Cat in the pan 1383 PWyclif Grete Sentence in SEW III С113 To go a Caterwauling 332[7-9]: And bi here suteltes turnen the cat in cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 354: To shewe hir the panne, and tarien pore men in here right. skyn, and goon a-caterwawed. 1532 More Con1546 Heywood D 82.55: To tourne the cat in futación 342 A [9-10]: They maye ninne out a the pan. Apperson 89; Oxford 677; Skeat 298; caterwawing, and so wow and wedde. 1533 Tilley C172; Whiting Drama 368:916. Heywood Johan AS'[40]: She shall repent to go a С108 Well wot the Cat whose beard he licks catter wawlyng, 1546 D 74.155: My cat gothe a catterwawyng. Tilley C192. (varied ) С101 To agree like two Cats in a gutter 1546 Heywood D 61.98: They two agreed like two cats in a gutter. Apperson 653; Oxford 6; Tilley C185.

al300 Trinity MS.0.2.45 7(8): Wei wot hure cat, C114 Cattle (property) comes and goes whas berd he lickat. Murelegus bene seit, cuius cl330 Times of Edward II (Peterhouse) 16[23-4]: barbam lambere suescit. a1325 Hendyng С Forsothe catel cometh and goth As wederis don 189.40: Wei wote badde (cat) wose berde he in lyde (March). al400 Trust Not in Pol. Rei. lickith. cl450 Douce MS.S2 50.78: Welle wotes and Love Poems 263.3-4: Worldes catel passet the catte, whoos berde he lykkys. cl450 Rylands sone That wacset and wansit rit as te mone. MS.394 100.32. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.4b in al500 Salomon sat and sayde 291.35: Catel RetrospecHve 309[31] and Förster 203.16: Wei cummys and catel gase ryth as dos the fflode. wot the cat whas berd he (no more). Murilegus See F108, G330, 334, R119, TlOl, 161, 449, bene seit, quorum gemobada lambit. cl490 W671. Shane MS.747 204.20: Wei wote the cat, whose berde he lykd. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus C115 The more Cattle man has the more his 9 [14-5]: The catte seeth wele whoos berde she heart craves (varied)

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cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) fall. Apperson 617:10; Oxford 86; Tilley C202; 143[17-8]: That the mar catel that man haves, Whiting Scots I 147. The mai· and mare his hert craves. 1484 Caxton Aesop 106[5-7]: For the myserable avarycious C122 To fish a Cause the more goodes that they have the more they cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1162: As he that nedes desyr to have. 1509 Barclay Ship I 158[12]: The most a cause flsshe. cl400 Seven Sages D 32.990: more that they have (the more they thynke they To fische a causs heir or thare. NED Fish v.i 7. lacke), cl523 Mirrour 64[49]: The moo they receyve, alway they gape for moo. Tilley M1144. С123 As sweet as Cense (incense) a 1450 Castle 137.2026: So come paramourys, Cf. Whiting Drama 123. See M53, W713. swetter thanne sens. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III C116 To brevy a Caudle for one's head (i.e., defeat 94.28: Flowris sweit as sens, IV 68.44. him) al533 Berners Arthur 94[29]: By that tyme my С124 As stable as any (a) Center cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 22: Of his corage as any brother hathe brewed a caudel for his heed. centre stable. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 72.1724: С117 When I am dead make me a Caudle But pleyn and hool as a Centre stable, al422 cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 766.11767: As Life 289.598: And evere Ilyche, as any centre me seith wan ich am ded make me a caudel. stable, al439 Fall II 509.1310, 1439 St. Albon cl350 Serlo 216.103: Than ich am dede т а к 143.935, al449 Fabula in MP II 486.7, Secrees ше kaudel. Apperson 138; Oxford 132; Tilley 37.1163-4: A kynges promys shulde be Just and С196. stable. As a Centre stonde in 0 degre, cl475 Aesop (Harl.) in Anglia 9(1886) 3.38: Stable as a С118 Cause causes centre on a grounde of trowth. 1546 Heywood D 34.55-6: Cause causeth . . . and as cause causeth mee, So will I doo. Tilley С125 (Without Ceres and Bacchus Venus grows С198. cold) С119 Causes badly begun are seldom brought to al050 Defensor Liber 87[9]: Butan claenum hlafe ond wine acolaÖ (venus) (translating Sine cerere good end cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1404[В2594]: The Book et libero friget venus). cl380 Chaucer PF 275-7: of Decrees seith, "Seelden, or with greet peyne, And Bachus, god of wyn, sat hire besyde. And been causes ybroght to good ende whanne they Ceres next, that doth of hunger boote. And, as I seyde, amyddes lay Cypride, cl385 TC ν 208: been baddely bigonne." See B199. He corseth Ceres, Bacus, and Cipride. cl412 С120 He that is angry without a Cause shall be Hoccleve Regement 140.3890-2: And do to made at one without amends Bachus and Venus homage; Ffor non of hem 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaría 23.21: Yf thou two can be wel from othir, Thei love as vel as be angry with me without a cause, thou shall be doth sustir and brothir. cl475 Thewis 180.73-4: made at one without a mendes. 1546 Heywood Fore metis and drinkis delycyus Causis lichory, D 69.109-10: He . . . that will be angry without men sais thus. 1483 Vulgaria quedam ahs Terencause. Must be at one, without amendes. Apper- cio 02''[14-7]: This is a trew saynge that men son 11; Oxford 11; Tilley C200. say comenly: whyth oute mete and drynk bodily lust coleth or abateth . . . Sine venere et libero С121 Let the Cause cease and the effect will friget venus. 1484 Caxton Royal Book S3''[28-9]: cease (varied) For overmoche mete and drynke alyghteth the cl385 Chaucer TC ii 483: But cesse cause, ay fyre of lecherye. 1509 Barclay Ship I 94[l-3]: cesseth maladie. cl412 Hoccleve Regement Dronkennes and wretchyd glotony . . . Engen60.1660: Styntynge the cause, the effect styntith dreth the rote of cursed Lechery. Oxford 86-7, eek (margin: cessante causa). al415 Lanterne 416; Tilley C211; Whiting Ballad 37. See B243, 83.16-8: As the philosophur seith "Cessante 426, D395, G168, L228, W359, 553. causa, cessabit officialis," whanne the cause cesith, the spede therof schal cese. cl415 Mid- С126 Though one is Chafed (heated, angered) dle English Sermons 86.21-3: As the Philoso- let it cool p(h)ur seyth: "Cessante causa, cessât effectus— al400 Proverbis of Wysdom (II) 223.73: Thow cessynge the cause, cessynge the effecte." cl485 thou be chaufed, let it kele. Guiscardo 46.136-7: For when the cause ys shent. The effect therof shall sone fade and С127 As light as Chaff

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76

C128

cl200 Orm II 11.10534: That . . , wass lihht all С135 The Chameleon lives on air and changes color alise chaff. Svartengren 298. 1340 Ayenbite 62[30-2]: The lyeghere . . . is ase С128 He that sows Chaff shall mow poorly the gamelos thet leveth by the eyr and naght ne 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[3-4]: He that heth ine his roppes bote wynd, and heth ech sowyth chaf shal porely mo we. See S542. manere colour thet ne heth non his oghen. cl400 Mandeville Travels 193.5-11: And ther C129 To be blown like Chaff by the wind 1497 Laurentius Wade Beket in ESt 3(1880) ben also in that contree manye camles, that is a 432.827-8: As chaff blowne away by course off lytill best as a Coot that is wylde and he lyveth the wynde, Soo forsoke the bisshoppys owr be the eyr and eteth nought ne drynketh nought. cl400 Vices and Virtues 60.28-31: And right so blissede Thomas here. Whiting Scots I 148. doth the lighere, and therfore he fareth as a C130 Praise your Chaffer (wares) like (according butre-flye, that lyveth bi the aier and hath no to) the market thing in hire guttes but wynd, and at every al449 Lydgate Consulo in MP II 751.23: Lyke colour that sehe seth sehe chaungeth hire owne. the market so preyse thy chaffare. Cf. Jente cl450 Jacob's Well 151.16-8: A lyere is lykenyd 693. See L68. to a bryd clepyd gamaltan. This bryd lyveth be the eyre, and hath no-thyng in hym but wynde. C131 To gnaw one's own Chain cl385 Chaucer TC i 509: Now artow hent, now He wyl chaungyn hym to alle colourys that he seeth. Oxford 377. See P272, W477. gnaw thin owen cheyne! С132 As like as Chalk to coals С136 The Chameleon may change to all colors 1533 More Confutación 674 F[8-9]: No more save red and white like together, then is chalke to coles. Tilley cl400 Mandeville Travels 193.5-11: Many C216. camles that is a lytill best as a Coot . , . And he may chaunge him in to all maner coloures that С133 As white as Chalk him list, saf only in to red and white. Tilley с1395 Chaucer CT V[F] 409: Amydde a tree, for C222. drye as whit as chalk, a1400 Destruction of Troy 99.3047: Hir chekes full choise, as the С137 To change like a Chameleon chalke white, 201.6201. cl410 Lovelich Grail II al393 Cower CA II 109.2696-701: Anon his 315.241-2: And the bon. As whit it lay Lik as olde guise change He wole and falle therupon, doth Chalk In the Clay. al437 Kingis Quair Lich unto the Camelion, Which upon every 95.177[3]: A turtur quhite as calk. cl450 Jacob's sondri hewe That he beholt he moste newe His Well 3.5. cl455 Partonope S 485.183. MED colour. MED camelioun (a); Tilley C22I. chalk 2; Taylor and Whiting 63-4. С138 Chance comes in many manners С 133a Chalk-white cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 98.2774: For chaunce cl390 Sir Gawain 25.798: Chalkwhyt chymnees, comth (var. chaunsis comyn) on many manere. 30.958. al400 Alexander С 15.468: Hire chere at was chalke-quyte as any chaffe worthis, С139 Chance may fall which no man weened 84.1562, 86.1584. al400 Morte Arthure 31.1026: (expected ) A chargour of chalke-whytt sylver, 40.1363, cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Ver62.2116, 67.2268, 75.2522, 90.3039, 96.3266, non) 297.26: Ffor chaunce mai falle that no man 98.3328, 107.3648: A chalke-whitte mayden. wende. See M241. al437 Kingis Quair 89.157[3]. cl440 Dégrevant С140 Provide for hard Chances which after96.1506: Chalked whyte (al500 Cambridge: wards may assail chalkwhyghth) als the mylke. NED Chalk-white. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 20[26]: Provide for harde chaunces which after may assayle. С134 Chalk and cheese al393 Cower CA II 16.416: Lo, how thei feignen С141 There is no Chance but may tum chalk for chese, 193.2346-7: And thus folofte 1525 Berners Froissart VI 220[4-5]: There is no chalk for chese He changeth with ful litel cost. chaunce but maye tourne. See A51. 1528 More Heresyes 241 H[15-7]: Many . . . that can perceive chalke fro chese well ynough. C142 Change is no robbery 1546 Heywood D 68.82: As a lyke to compare in 1546 Heywood D 68.78: Chaunge be no robbry, taste, chalke and chese. Apperson 90; O^ord 1555 E 177.179: is no. Apperson 199: Fair; 87; Taylor and Whiting 64; Tilley C218; Whiting Oxford 182: Exchange; Taylor and Whiting Drama 337:445. 123; Tilley C228.

CJ57

77

Chases

С143 Change of pasture makes fat calves С151 To lay more Charges on one's back than 1546 Heywood D 67.43: Chaunge of pasture he may bear away makth fat calves. Apperson 91; Oxford 88; Tllley cl420 Wyntoun III 305.1327-8: Mar chargis on his bak to lay Than he mycht lichtly bere C230. See С145. away. NED Back, sb.i 2c, quote 1588. See F56. C144 Changes are sweet 1508 Dunbar Tretìs 86.53: Changeis ar sueit. С152 Charity becomes cold (varied) clOOO WSG Matthew xxiv 12: And for > а т {зе Tilley C229; Whiting Scots I 148. unryhtwisnys rixaö, manegra lufu acolaj). cl395 С145 Changing of country does not change WBible Matthew xxiv 12: And for wickidnesse schal be plentevouse, the charité of manye schal courage 1480 Caxton Ovyde 10[35-6]: For it is sayd that wexe coold. al425 Vae Octuplex in Wyclif SEW for chaungynge of contre the corage is not II 385[31]: But charité is now coold. 1513 Bradchaunged and nomore shal myne. (Not from shaw St. Werburge 136.166: Charité was colde. cl522 Skelton Speke II 24.493: Cheryte so colde. Ovid.) See C143. 1533 More Confutación 566 C[2-3]: Charity С146 To sing Chantepleure waxeth cold many a vsdnter after. Apperson 106: cl375 Chaucer Anel. 320-1: I fare as doth the Cold; Oxford 101: Cold; Taylor and Whiting song of Chaunte-pleure; For now I pleyne, and 65; Tilley C253. now 1 pleye. 1428 Lydgate Complaint for My Lady of Gloucester in MP II 612.96: They song С153 Charity begins with oneself lyche to the Chaunteplure, al430 Pilgrimage cl400 Of Prelates in Wyclif EW 78[21-2]: Whanne charité schuld bigyne at hem-self. 2.30-1: Ffor sehe is lyke to the chaunteplure; Wo after Joye and after song wepyng, al439 cl415 Middle English Sermons 256.1: Sith, than, every charité begynneth of hym-selfe. cl425 Fall 1 59.2159-60: It is nat lik onto the chaunteOrcherd 43.16. 1483 Caxton Cato C7''[19-20]: plure, Gynnyng with joie, eendyng in wrechThe charité ought to begynne at thy self, idnesse, III 675.8-9: She braideth ever on E2^[14-5]: Charyte begynneth at hym self. 1509 the chaunteplure: Now song, now wepyng, Barclay Ship I 277[22-4]: For perfyte love and 1022.3623, al449 Servant in MP II 429.63-4: That I may singe the Chaunteplure As man for- also charité Begynneth with hym selfe for to be sake in every place. They that no While Endure charitable And than to other after his degre, 1509 Watson Ship N3^4-5]: For charyte well in MP II 819.22. ordeyned ought to begynne at hymselfe. Apperson 91-2; Oxford 88; Skeat 299; Taylor and С147 To serve the Chapel and let the church Whiting 65; Tilley C251. See B513, M63, 172, stand 0 5 5 , S43, 524, Zl. cl330 Times of Edward II 327.78: And thus theih serven the chápele, and laten the churche stonde. (Of priests who leave their parishes to С154 Charity has no brother cl400 Cower Peace III 489.266: And in this wise hunt and whore.) hath charité no brother. C148 To deliver the Chaplet (i.e., to pass the C155 Charity heles (covers) all sins buck) с 1395 WBible Proverbs χ 12: Charité hilith alle cl500 Three Kings' Sons 24.39-25.1: The kyng synnes, I Peter iv 8: For charité coverith the of Scottes . . . thought that everich of the multitude of synnes. al400 Paues 23 (I Peter iv kynges aforesaid had delyverd to hym the 8): For charité heleth the mul(ti)tude of synnes. Chapelet. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 214.23-4: As it is seyde: cheryte coverez the multitude of synnes. С149 He is a foolish Chapman who buys horse 1534 More Comforte 1168 Н[1-2]. Oxford 88; or ox and looks only at the head Tilley L503. al200 Ancrene 108.12-4: Ant nis he fol chapmon the hwen he wule buggen hors other oxe, yef С156 To have no Charter of one's life he nule bihalden bute that heaved ane? cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.175-6: Thou has no chartyr of thi lyfe, Cawse no debate ne make no С150 This Char (job) is heaved (Pdone) stryfe. al450 Seven Sages В 88.2603: This char hys heved. (A widow [of Ephesus] has just knocked С157 While (sometimes) one Chases and while out her late husband's teeth and is about to hang he is chased him up.) Apperson 91; Oxford 88; Tilley C241. cl400 Alexander Buik II 177.2754: Quhyle men

Chaste

78

chaissis and quhyll chaissit is. See B65, V8, 32, W39.

cisa telle Hu Alvred sede on his spelle: "Loke that thu ne bo thare Thar chavling both and eheste yare, Lat sottes chide and vorth thu go." See S91.

С158 If you are not Chaste be privy cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 263.8315-6: The apostle seyth thys autoryte, "Gyf thou be nat С166 Light Cheap (bargain) yields litherly chaste, be thou pryve." Apperson 92; Oxford (badly) 89; Tilley L381. c l 2 5 0 Hendyng О 196-7.30: Lightte chepes С159 Evil Chasting (rebuke) will vs^end (turn) luthere foryeldeth, al325 С 188.31: Lith chepe lither forweldeth, c l 3 2 5 H 297.232: Lyht chep to folly luthere yeldes. c l 4 5 0 Rylands MS.394 103.19: c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary (Laud) 414.394: Lythe chepe, lythur foryeldys. al460 Towneley For of(te) vuel chastingue to folie wolie wiende. Flays 121.170-1: And men say "lyght chepe С160 He is wise that will Chastise himself LeÜierly for-yeldys." Apperson 364; Kneuer 43; al400 Romaunt В 3239: He is wis, that wol Oxford 367; Schleich 265; Singer III 135; Tilley hymsilf chastise. Cf. Apperson 283: Happy is he; C258. Oxford 277; Tilley C255. С167 What is good Cheap may be dear, and С161 To Chastise oneself by others dear good cheap also al300 Alisaunder 15.240-1: Me wondreth that c l 3 9 0 Cato (Vernon) 571.225-6: That is good men ne beeth a-gaste. And that somme hem by chep may beo dere, And deore good chep also. othere ne chasteth. 1340 Ayenbite 156[29-30]; Oxford 251. Vor me kan zigge: thet zofte he him chasteth,

thet be othren him chasteth. c l 4 0 0 Vices and C168 Cheap (bargain) before you buy Virtues 155.30-1: For men beth woned to seye, cl497 Medwall Fulgens C4''[20-l]: Fyrst ye "Softe is he chastied that bi an other chastieth shall Chepe or ever you by. Cf. Oxford 449: hymself." 1456 Five Dogs of London 190 e: Never cheapen. See B43, H550. Ffelix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 38.1033: as in 1456.1477 С169 To say (play, etc.) Checkmate Rivers Dictes 71[18-9]: He is right happy that 1338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 300.8554: The can chastyse him self, taking exemple by other. Payens we al mat wyth that chekke. cl385 1484 Caxton Aesop 117[l-3]: Fayre doctryne Chaucer TC ii 754: Shal noon housbonde seyn taketh he in hym self that chastyseth hym by to me "chek mat!". c l 3 9 0 Robert 43.184: With о the perylle of other, 117-8: And therfor he draught he was chekmat. cl390 Talkyng 38.3-4: is wel happy that taketh ensample by the With a poynt of chekmat comen me with inne. dommage of other. Jente 424; Walther II 47-8. c l 4 0 0 Sowdone 8.266: Thai helde hem selfe See B309, C40, E197, F116, 449, L247, M170, Chek-mate, 84.2926: And felle alle chek-mate. 581, 585, S428, W47, 391. с 1408 Lydgate Reson 128.4896: To tel, how that I was chek mate. 1419 A remembraunce in Kail С162 Whoso will not be Chastised by others 72.108: Ne delivere chekkys, er that he be mat. shall (be) overthrown al420 Lydgate Troy I 199.1894: For in swiche al300 Alisaunder 171.3035-6: Who so ne wil by pley unwarly cometh chek-mate. III 637.2494, other hym chaste, Overthrowe he shal in haste. 813.1406. 01422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 184.161: Al that lyf berith with hir chek is maat. al430 С163 She may not abide in Chastity that is Lydgate Pilgrimage 172.6541: Thanne of Folye, assailed upon every side c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT III[D] 255-6: She may no he chek maat, 234.8440: Un-to hym to seyn "chek maat," 247.8948: Dysarmyd, nakyd, and while in chastitee abyde. That is assailled upon chek-maat, 276.10064, 409.15206, 647.24160, ech a syde. See C73, 79. c l 4 3 0 Dance 56.459, al437 That now is Hay С164 Chatting to chiding is not worth a chewet in MP II 810.45: "Chekemate to beawtye," (Pjackdaw) seyth rymplyd age, al439 Fall I 6.182, 21.762, al546 Heywood D 73.114: Chatting to chiding 42.1526, 282.2933: Hath a fais joie to shewen is not woorth a chuet. Apperson 92; Oxford 89; hir chekmatis, II 330.52: I stood chekmaat for Tilley C256. feer, 340.399, 587.67, III 923.170: Lik a woman С165 Be not where there is Chaveling (squab- that wer with wo chekmaat, cl445 Miracles of St. Edmund 441.84, al449 Fabules in MP II bling) and chest (strife) 504.551. al450 Audelay 21.319: After chec fore c l 2 5 0 Owl 28.293-7: At sume sithe herde (I)

Cl 78

79

the roke, ware fore the mate. al450 Generydes A 241.7796-7: Ye sey unto this knight chek, And I sey chekmate to you {literal), 7801: With you he will play chek mate (figurative). al450 Generydes В 152-3.4777-80: "What tyme is now to play Atte Chesse?" quod he, "Thu byddest thy felaw chese, I understonde; Butt for certeyn I saye chek mate to the, Kyng Auferius is here withynne the land." al450 Gesta 71[30-1]: Than is hit to the man chekmate. al450 Partonope 316.7889: And your love hathe made hym chek-mate. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 395.1733. cI450 Idley 84.208: Remembre the draught of chek mate. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 96[23]: Thou shalt make him chek and maat, 200[17]: She mowe seye to thee chek and maat. al461 John the Reeve 589.792-3: Нее vayled neither hatt nor hood. But stood with him checkmate, a1475 Good Rule in Brown Lyrics XV 266.81-2: He that is bothe chek and mate It is ful hevy to restore. cl475 Guy^ 35 С 597. cl480 Contemplacioun 217.832. cl490 Ryman 240.11[2]: Therfore with us thou playest chekmate. cl497 Medwall Fulgens F3'[24]. al500 A Ballad in Rei. Ant. I 28[28]. alSOO Farewell in Brown Lyrics XV 236.12. al500 Fortune alas alas 488.110. al500 Greene Carols 401 A 6, В 3. al500 Medwall Nature B4''[ll]: But that reason may have a chek mate, H2''[20]: I have gyven hym a chek mate. al500 Proverbs of Salomon 185.55.8. al500 The Seven Names of a Prison in Rei. Ant. 1 271 [25]: A mane above is sone under by a draght of chekmate. alSOO Vanitas in Brown Lyrics XV 239.33: Yit in a whyle thu schall be cheke-mate. cl500 Greene Carols 408.14: When on his cheke he ys chekmate. Cisco Skelton Deedmans Hed I 19.29-30: Oure days be datyd. To be chekmatyd. cl500 Smith 324.119-20: Thou maye se by hyr chere That she is chekmate. 1504 Hawes Example Cc2^[7]: In a gloryous chaumbre without chekmate, Ee8"'[5], 1506 Pastime 173.4603. al513 Dunbar Rewl of Anis Self 75.21. 1513 Bradshaw Si. Werburge 58.1470: Whan dethe with his darte sayth to us chekemate. 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I 186.128: Lost is your game, ye are checkmate, cl516 Magnificence 11.307:

Cheese

C170 To Checkmate someone al375 Octavian (S) 55.1745-6: Ther was many an hethen hounde. That thay chekmatyde. 1501 Douglas Palice 37.22: How may ane fule your hie honour chekmait? C171 Cheek by cheek al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 223[26]: So often away he wan, and umwhile cheke bi cheke. al533 Berners Arihur 352[ll-2]: And soo rode togyther cheke by cheke tyl they came to theyr tentes, Huon 188.33-189.1: Rydynge cheke by cheke by kynge yvoryn. Apperson 92; Tilley C263. С172 Maugre one's Cheeks al376 Piers A iv 37: Maugre hire chekes, vii 146: Maugre thi chekes, cl378 В vi 41: Maugre Medes chekes, xiv 4. cl380 Patience 15.54: Maugres my chekes. al400 Alexander С 96. 1747: Malegreve his chekis, 162.2782. al400 Laud Troy 1 149.5029, Π 404.13734. cl405 Mum 64.1300: Maigre his chekes. al450 Death and Life 11.316: Mauger his cheekes. С173 Between Cheer and thought a great division a1420 Lydgate Troy I 114.3468-9: And thus ther was a gret divisioun A-twexe his chere and menyng of his thought. С174 Good Cheer by countenance but not with hearts al470 Malory II 803.30-2: Aythir made other goode chere as by countenaunce, but nothynge wyth there hartes. See F2, 6, H271, L376, M755, SI38, 589. С175 Good Cheer is best sauce at table al500 Hill 131.31: In a thyn table, good chere is best sawse. Walther II 491.12099. Cf. Tilley C264, 266.

С176 Good Cheer, not many dainties, make a feast al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 581.433-4: As men seyen and reporte, at the leste, Nat many deyntees, but good chere maketh a feste. Cf. Apperson 92: A cheerful look; Oxford 251: When good cheer, 700: Welcome is; Tilley I wyll not use you to play with me checke mate. G266. See M700. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 104.22: He gaf hym С177 Under fair Cheer poison is often hid noo lesse than a dosen chekmates or they had al439 Lydgate Fall II 547.2709: Under fair done. 1522 Skelton Colyn I 350.1014-5, Speke cheer is ofte hid fais poisoun. See GI2, H433, II 10.201, Howe the Douty Duke II 79.386, 440, P289, S871, V19. al529 Gamesche I 118-9.7: Be ware yet of chek mate, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42. MED chek-mat; С178 Better Cheese and bread than great dainty NED Checkmate; Tilley С2в2; Whiting Drama with anger 337:449, Scots I 148. See M417. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 88-9.951-4: Better is it

Cheese

С] 7 9

80

with chese and bread one to fill, Then with a 1546 Heywood D 41.12: Not a more gagglyng great dayntie, with anger and ill will. Or a gander hense to Chester. small handfull with rest and sure pleasaunce. Then twenty dishes with wrathfull counte- С189 As tender as a Chick al400 PChaucer Rom. A 541: Hir flesh (as) naunce. See M700. tendre as is a chike. Apperson 622; Svartengren C179 You see no green Cheese but your teeth 66; Tilley C287. must water 1546 Haywood D 97.232-3: Ye may see no С190 To creep like Chickens under the dame's greene cheese But your teeth must water. Ap- wing (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) person 274; Oxford 266; Tilley C275. al325 Bonaventura Meditations (1) 10.285-6: С180 As red as (any) Cherry Behold the dyscyplys, yn here wendyng. As al400 Le Morte Α. 121.3956; With Roddys chekenes crepyn undyr the dame wyng. cl420 feyre and Rede as chery. с1400 Florence Wyntoun V 431.3778-9: He gert feil fai doun 59.1761: Of the wyne redd as cherye. al450 til his fet Sprewlande, as thai chekynnys war. Lord that is 217.219: Dropes rede as ripe al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 346.12727-8: I cherrees. al500 Squire 33.713: Your ruddy was take up in-to lyte. As a chykne off a kyte. read as any chery. Apperson 526; Oxford 535; cl477 Caxton Jason 29.26-7: And breke thy Taylor and Whiting 66; Tilley C277; Whiting necke as the necke of a cheken. 1532 Berners Drama 307:59. Golden Boke 426.10944-5: 111 may the chekyn truste the kyte, or the lambes the wolves. C18I As ruddy as the Cherry cl516 Skelton Magnificence 49.1558: Her lusty C191 After Chiding came raps lyppes ruddy as the chery. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 328[19]: After chydynge came rappis. lurgantium ira pervenit ad manus. С182 As thick as Cherries cl400 Laud Troy I 259.8778-9: Ther nis no tre Cf. Taylor and Whiting 412: A word and a so thikke of chiries As Gregeis Ugge aboute blow. him couched.

C192 A good Chieftain makes good men al400 Scottish Legends II 89.708-9: And be C183 Cherry-ripe assay men ma wele kene That gud chiften makis al500 Greene Carols 401.В 4: And some of (gud) men. Cf. Tilley С 70. See C34, L455, theym (women) be chiry-ripe. NED Cherry 10. M408, P403. С184 Not chare (?care for) the value of a Cherry Child, see Bairn al400 Chevelere 17.329: I charde not thy croyse С193 As buxom (obedient) as a Child . . . the valwe of a cherye. Apperson 456. al450 Rule of St. Benet (2) 111.2268: Of bering С185 Not set a Cherry bowsum OS a child. al513 Dunbar Ane his awin Ennemy 2.22: And sett nocht by this warld a chirry. Of C194 As chaste as a Child al430 Si. John in Horstmann Legenden 1881 Covetyce 142.42. Whiting Scots 1 148. 468.61: Chaste as a childe. С186 To be like a Cherry С195 As meek as a Child 1447 Bokenham 13.451: Hyr chyry chekys. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1 132.3753: And al500 The Beauty of his Mistress II in Bobbins also meke was as a child. cl440 ?Nassington 124.13: Hur lyppes ar lyke unto cherye. clSOO Speculum Vitae in ESt 7(1884) 470.135-6: Thei Newton 270.26: Youre chek like a chere. schulde become bothe meke and myld And Whiting Ballad 26. debonere, os ony chylde. al450 Castle 141.2128: Whanne he stod meker thanne a chylde. cl475 C187 Not give a Cherry-stone (varied) cl300 Gui/i 552 A 203.7: Therof yive у nought Golagros 13.350: And he is maid on mold meik a chirston. al400 Ipomadon A 99.3439-40: They as ane child. Svartengren 63. sett all othur off worthynes But at a chery С196 As merry as a Child stone. cl400 Alexander Buik I 4.106: He prysis с1400 Laud Troy I 164.5548-51: So mery was him nocht worth a chirrie-stane. NED Cherrynevere . . . no child playing with his top. As stone. Ayax was.

CI88

From hence to Chester

С197

As mild as a Child

C203

81

1340 Ayenbite 98[33]: Become milde ase a child. al450 Desert 60.53-4: Men that ar mylde And debonere als a chylde. С198 As naked as a Child cl400 Sowdone 90.3159: Make him naked as a Childe. С199 Better a young Child weep than an old man cl450 Douce MS.52 53.103: Better is a yong chylde wepe than an olde man. el450 Rylands MS.394 103.12. cl475 RawUnson MS. D 328 123.61: Hit ys better to se a chyld wepe than a man. 1546 Heywood D 44.116: Better children weepe then olde men, 1555 E 154.51. Apperson 42; Jente 129; Oxford 39; Tilley C326. See M295.

CW,\d ybemde ver dret. cl395 Chaucer CT V11I[G] 1407-8: O! fy, for shame! they that han been brent. Alias! kan they nat flee the fires heete? al400 Romaunt В 1819-20: "For evermore gladly," as I rede, "Brent child of fir hath myche drede." cl400 Beryn 4.78: Brennyd Cat dredith feir. 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 37.390: The fyr, men seyn, he dreedith that is brent. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 476.178: For brent child dredith fyer. с 1412 Hoccleve Regement 86.2382: He that is brent, men seyn, dredith the fire. cl450 Douce MS.52 48.52: Brende chylde fyre dredis. cl450 Rylands MS.394 98.11. cl470 Harley М5.33в2 f.2b in Retrospective 309[16]: Onys y-brend ever dret fear. cl470 Wallace 88.456: A brynt child mayr sayr the fyr will dreid. 1484 Caxton Royal Book КЗ"· [6-7]: Brent chylde fyre dredeth. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 70.512: For children brent still after drede the fire. 1546 Heywood D 62.6: And bumt childe fyre dredth. Apperson 73; Jente 777; Kneuer 36-7; Oxford 70; Schleich 260; Singer III 132; Taylor and Whiting 68; Tilley C297; Whiting Scots I 133. See B211, H53, M160, S253, W87.

C200 Better is a Child unborn than unbeaten (varied) cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 98 Τ 243-4: For betere is child unboren Thenne unbeten (J: unbuhsum). cl250 Hendyng О 191.4: For betere were child ounboren, then ounbeten. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 161.4855-6: Better were the chylde unbore Than fayle chastysyng and syththen lore. cl350 Good Wife E 170.161-2: Betere were child unbore Than techingeles forlore, cl425 Η 172.208: Better wer a childe unborn C202 A Child first creeps and afterward goes than untaught. cl450 Douce MS.52 54.106: (walks) Better is a chylde unbome then unlemed. cl450 cl443 Pecock Reule 376[27-8]: And right as a Idley 180.1275-6: Better were the childe to be babe firste he bigynnyth to crepe, aftirward to go. cl450 Douce MS.52 55.116: Fyrst the chylde unborn Than unchastised and set in no govemcrepyth and after gooth. cl450 Rylands MS.394 aunce. cl450 Rylands MS.394 104.23. al475 104.18.10. al460 Towneley Plays 103.100: Assembly of Gods 39.1308-9: For bettyr were Ffyrst must us crepe and sythen go. cl515 a chylde to be unbore, Then let hyt have the Barclay Eclogues 2.53-4: Like as these children wyll and for ever be lore. el475 RawUnson MS. do, Wbich first use to creepe, and afterwarde D 328 118.18: Better ys a chyld on-bore then to go. 1546 Heywood D 47.197: Children leame on-taughth. cl475 Symon Lesson 399.4-6: Old to creepe er they can leame to go, 1555 E men yn proverbe sayde by old tyme "A child 154.54: Children must leame to creepe ere were beter to be imbore Than to be untaught, thay can go. Apperson 214-5; Oxford 92, 204; and so be lore." 1495 Fitzjames Sermo G3''[7-9]: Tilley C332. See C205, K34. A comyn proverbe it is and a wyse (that better is a chylde unborn than untaught). al500 Hill C203 A Child is easily wroth and easily saught 129.37: Better it is to be wnbome than wn(appeased) (varied) tawght. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 109.29-30: al415 Mirk Festial 26.18-20: Scho bethoght For it is comenly sayd, it is better a chylde hur how that chyldem don no vengeans, but unbome than untaught. 1546 Heywood D 37.57: lightly ben saght, thogh thay ben wrothe. Better unbome then untought, I have heard al449 Lydgate Siam Puer in MP II 743.80-4: saie, 1555 E 172.146. Apperson 46; Kneuer To childer longeth nat to be vengable, Sone 18-9; Oxford 42-3; Schleich 249; Singer III mevyd and sone fforgevyng; And as it is re125-6: Skeat 42; Tilley Ul. See Yl. membrid by old writyng, Wratthe of children sone is overgoon. Withe an appell partyes be C201 A bumt Child dreads the fire (varied) cl250 Hendyng О 199.43: Brend child fiiir maad at oon. el450 Ratis 49.1728-31: And as fordredeth. al325 Cursor II 418.7223-4: Sare of Child of yhong manere Wil Change fantasiis man aght to dred the brand That brint him seire, For lytil blytht, for lytil wraithe. For forwit in his hand. 1340 Ayenbite 116[l-2]: The lytil leif, for lytil laithe. al500 Disciplina

Child

82

Clericalis 51-2: The kyng whiche is . . . light to wrath as a chield. See F412, W547.

C204 chylde shulde be the moder. Stevenson 1627:4: A boy's best friend is his mother. See C2II.

C204 A Child loves an apple more than a castle C210 A Child taught young will be the better when old (varied) {varied) al300 Proverbs of Alfred 97 J 225-32: If hit so 1340 Ayenbite 208[31-2]: He naie the yave pere bi-tydeth That thu bem ibidest The hwile hit ne eppel, ase me deth ane childe. 1348 Rolle Form in Allen Rolle 113.164-5: Barnes, that is lutei, Ler him mon-thewes; Thanne hit is liifes mare an appel than a castel. al398 wexynde Hit schal wende ther-to The betere (1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa m5'[2.2-3]: hit schal ivmrthe Ever buven eorthe. al300 And they (children) love an apple more than Arthour and M.^ 3.9-16: Childer, that ben to golde. cl400 Vices and Virtues 231.7-8: For boke ysett. In age hem is miche the bett. For he wole not paie the with an appel or a peere, thai mo witen and se Miche of godes privete, as doth a child. 1484 Caxton Royal Book Hem to kepe and to ware Fram sinne and fram Hl''[24-6]: Suche people been lyke a chylde warldes care. And wele ysen, yif thai willen, That hem no tharf never spillen. cl320 Bodley that loveth better an apple or a myrrour than a royame, R5''[17-8]: He (God) wyl not appease MS.2305 f.9a in Andrew G. Little Studies in the wyth an appel or with a pere, as a chylde. English Franciscan History (Manchester, 1917) 151: Chastez your children whil thei be yonge, Of werk, of dede, of speche, of tonge, Ffor if C205 A Child must choose children's gear al400 Alexander С 98.1773: For ai a child mot ye lete hem be to bolde. He wil yowe greve whan thei ben olde. See Y27, 32. him chese to childire geris. See C202. C206 A Child's bird and a knave's wife have great sorrow (varied) al400 Lambeth MS.120 in M. R. James and C. Jenkins Catalogue (Cambridge, 1930) 199: Foure leden an il lyf: Huntys hors hors (sic), an knavis wyef, Cherlys cherl, and chyldys bryd, Michil soruyn ys hem be tyd. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 484.372-5: Un-to purpoos this proverbe is ful riff. Rad and reportid bi oold remembraimce: A childis (var. chorles) brid, and a knaves wyff Have oft(e) sithe gret sorwe and myschaunce. 1523 Skelton Garlande 1 419.1451-2: But whp may have a more ungracyous lyfe Than a chyldis birde and a knavis wyfe? Apperson 95; M. R. James Descriptive Catalogue . . . Corpus Christi College Cambridge (Cambridge, 1909) I 192; Oxford 91; Tilley C320. See C261, V37.

C2H A Child that has lost his mother, his help is behind cl300 Becket I 9.162: For child that hath his moder ilore, his help is mocha bi hynde. See C209. C212 The Child that the mother blasses is often eased 01425 Hoccleve Jonathas 231.440-1: The chyld whom that the modir usith blesse, Fful often sythe is esid in distresse. C213 A Child trows what men say is sooth cl450 Jacob's Well 245.15: As a yung chyld trowyth it sooth that men sayn.

C214 Give your Child when he will crave and your whelp while it will have and you shall have a foul child and a fair hound cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 231-2.7237-42: For, C207 A Child's love is lost for an apple 1483 Caxton Cato G5''[26-7]: The chylde (for thus seyth the olde man Yn a proverbe that he can, "Gyve thy chylde when he wyl krave. And for an apple one leseth his love). Cf. Tilley thy whelp whyl hyt vi^l have. Than mayst A295. See L5ei, M297. thou make yn a stounde A foule chylde and a C208 Child's pig and father's flitch feyra hounde." Apperson 95; Oxford 237; Skeat cl450 Douce MS.52 54.113: Childe is pigge and 98; Tilley C304. fader is the flicche. cl450 Rylands MS.394 104.21: Cheeldes pygge and faderis flyche. Ap- C215 If your Child is not afeared give him enough of the yard (rod) person 95; Oxford 91; Tilley C321. cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 537-8.233-6: C209 A Child should love and trust his mother Yif thi child be not a-fert, Gif him i-nouh of best the yerd; Thou schalt him so make a good mon al450 Partonope 186.4962-6: My ffayre sone, With-outen brekynge of eny bon. See Yl. ye wotte well thys. In alle thys worlde a-lyve ther nys Thynge that better loved shulde be. C216 Lief (dear) Child behoves (needs) lore Ne trusted neyther, as thynketh ше. Then of a (varied)

C227

83

Child

cl250 Hendyng О 191.4: Lef child bihoveth a childes play. cl493 St. Katherin of Senis lore. And evere the levere the more, al325 С 307.17: (It) is but a chyldys game in comparison. 182.3: Lothe childe behovid lore. And lave cl522 Skelton Colyn I 322.301-2: Of symony, childe som del more, el325 H 289.37: Luef men say. But a chyldas play. Taylor and child lore byhoveth. cl350 Good Wife E Whiting 68. 168.155: Lef child lore bihoveth. cl378 Piers В V 37-8: My syre seyde so to me, and so did C221 To ba no Child's game (play) my dame. That the levere childe the more lore al325 Otuel and Roland 74.489: Ne was thar bihoveth. cl450 Douce MS.52 53.100: Lefe no chyldys game. cl330 Gregorius 115 A 612: chylde lore be-hoveth. cl450 Good Wife L Ther no was no childes playe (Д gaman). cl350 202.182-3: Leve child byhoveth loore. And Octavian NL 121.878: Was thore no childas playe, 124.1038, 125.950. cl350 Libeaus 37.641. evere lever the more. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.30. al475 Good Wyfe Wold 173.5-6: Seyd cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1530-1: I wame yow hit ys full yore That lothe chylde lore behowyyt, wel, it is no childes play To take a wyf. al400 and leve chylde moche more. cl475 Symon Le Morte Α. 10.304: By-twene them was no Lesson 402.87-8: For, as the wyse man sayth chi(l)dis play, 67.2245. 1449 Metham 44.1194-5: and prevyth, A leve chyld, lore he be-hov)^. For yt ys no chyldys pleyng To fyght with sqwycha a devyl. al450 Tottenham 995.154: I Apperson 139; Kneuer 18-9; Schleich 249; wot it ys no chylder-game whan thay togedyr Singer III 125. met. al500 Imitattone (1) 107.18-9: This is not C217 Of a Child and (a) drunken man truth . . . children pley. Tilley C324; Whiting Dranm was tried 338:452, Scots I 134. cl425 St. Mary Oignies 154.8: Atte laste treuthe C222 To rock like a Child in a cradle was tryed oute of a childe and dronken man. cl350 Libeaus 95.1711-2: Set and rokked in his Oxford 92; Tilley C328. See C229. sadall. As a child doth in a cradell. C218 Oft men kiss the Child for the nurse's C223 To weep lika a Child sake cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3759: And weep as cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2a in Retrospective dooth a child that is ybete. al470 Malory I 309[3] and Förster 199.3: Ofte me kessyt the 358.19-20: And avar he wapte as he had bena chil (rest lacking). Osculor hunc ore puerum a chylde. nutricis amore. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 125.83: Ffor the love ofF the nursse the chyld C224 Well he stands that strenas (begets) a good ys y-chest. 1546 Heywood D 86.214: Many kisse Child the childe for the nurses sake. Apperson 343; cl300 Havelok 101.2983: Him stondes wal that Jente 578; Oxford 340; Tilley C312. See L37, god child strenes. Oxford 700; Skeat 57. P27. C225 Well is the Child that may thrive (be his C219 Seely (good) Child is soon learned. father what ha ba) al300 Trinity MS. 0.2.45 9 (18): I-seli child is sone cl350 Good Wife E 170.168: Wel is the child ilered. cl300 South English Legendary II that thrive mai. al450 South English Legendary 615.158: For sely child is sona ilared. al325 (Bodley) 331.5-6: And that men seth wel ofte: Hendyng С 183.6: Sali childe is sone ilerid. also thinketh me, Therfore wel is the child that And unselinis nevir aferid, cl325 H 290.69: may I-the, be fadir what he be. See F73. first part only. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 512[В 1702]: For sely child wol alday soona leere. C226 What a Child takes in youth he has a smell of in age cl450 Consail and Teiching 69.121: Fore saly 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 110.9-11: It is bamis are eith to leire. cl450 Rylands MS.394 evydent to every man: that a chyld taketh in 104.26: Sely chylde, sone lerned. Apperson youthe (ba it good or bad) comanly in age he 257, 519; Kneuer 64; Oxford 590; Schleich 269; hath a small tharof. See C375, 524, L248, M308, Singer III 137; Skeat 245; Tilley B44. S240, Y32. C220 To be Child's game (play) al300 The Cloisterer's Lament in Rei. Ant. I C227 Who sees a Child sees nothing 292[38]: It is but childes game that thu witz 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners F8''[29-30]: David dayles. cl400 Vices and Virtues 141.34-5: For as the comyn proverbe saith, how ( for who) Al hym thanketh is but childes playe amydde seeth a chylde seath no thyng. (Le., from the the strate. 1438 Barlaam 7.24: Thou hast made child one cannot judge the man.)

Child

84

C228 A wise Child is father's bliss al300 Proverbs of Alfred 97 J 224; Wis child is fader blisse. Apperson 696. C229 Children and fools cannot lie 1546 Heywood D 48.217: Men say also, children and fooles can not ly. Apperson 96; Oxford 92; Tilley C328. See C217. C230 Children are often unlike their elders cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 155-6: For God it woot, that children ofte been Unlyk hir worthy eldres hem bifore. C231 Children have quickest wits when fasting cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 39.163: It is a comyn saynge that Children have most quyke wyttes when they be fastynge, but I fynde the contrary. C232 He may surely swim that is held up by the Chin 1471 Ripley Compound 156[17-8]: But he they say may surely swym in dyche, Whych ys upholden by the chyn. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.25: He may the better suwe that ys holdde up by the schyn. al500 Hill 129.47: He mai lightli swim, that is hold wp by the chin. 1546 Heywood D 26.21: He must needes swym, that is holde up by the chyn. Apperson 614-5; Oxford 636; Tilley C349.

€228 spones wol springe oute and spare not the eye. al420 Lydgate Troy I 48.1230-2: And it is not holsom a man to hewe Aboven his hed, whan it is overe highe, List the chippis wil fallen in his eye. aI425 Neither too Humble in Brown Lyrics XV 286.17-20: Ther-for loke that thow be scley, Ffor no thyng hew thow tow hey, Last they falle don in-to thy ey. The spones that Above they be. cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 414.5-7: And I am ferful above myn hed to hewe, Lyst froward chippis of presumpcioun Sholde blynde myn eyen in ther fallyng doun. cl440 Frose Alexander 36.10-2: And tharefore es thare a commone proverbe: that "wha sa hewes to hie, the chippes will falle in his egh." al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 572.168: Me lyst nat hewe chyppes above myn hede. cl450 Douce MS.52 55.128: Who-so hewyth to hye. There falle chippis in his ye. с1450 Rylands MS.394 107.21''.6. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[146]: As ye smyte wyth an axe in an hard tre, beware that the chippes falle not in youre ye. al500 Hill 129.48: Clime not to hie, lest chipis fall in thin eie, 132.38: He that heweth to hye, the chippis will fall in his ye. cl500 Greene Carols 348.3: To hew abow thy hedde, hit is but vanite. Lest in thy yee ther falle a chyppe. 1546 Heywood D 84.134: Hewe not to hye, lest the chips fall in thine iye. Apperson 300; Oxford 293-4: Tilley C354, 357; Whiting Scots 1 188. See H221.

C233 To swear by one's Chin al200 Lawman II 363.18764: And swor bu his chinne. 1265 Song of Lewes in Brown Lyrics ХШ 132.30: Sire simond de mountfort hath C236 Not differ a Chip 1556 Heywood Spider 176[24]: Thei differ not suore bi ys chyn. a chip. C234 As merry as three Chips 1546 Heywood D 30.42: So ρ ayde these twayne, C237 Not worth a Chip as mery as three chipps. Apperson 414; Oxford 1546 Heywood D 94.140: His gaine is not woorth a chip. Apperson 456:5. 420; Tilley C356. C235 He that hews over high Chips (spoons, spale) fall in his eye (varied) al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 91[15-6]: In Wyndesouere is he leved, sorow than is his pyne. That he wis over his heved, the chip falles in his ine, II 330[10]: It fallis in his iye, that hewes over hie, with the Walays. cl385 Usk 38-9.19-21: For commenly it is spoken, and for an olde proverbe it is leged: "He that heweth to hye, with chippes he may lese his sight." al393 Cower CA II 88.1917-8: Fulofte he heweth up so hihe. That chippes fallen in his yhe. al400 Eglamour 5.70-2: Mayster, the man, that hewes over-hey, The chyppis (vars. spones, spaile) falHs in his eye; Thus fallís it ay-whare. cl405 Mum 69.1473-4: And who-so hewe over heede, though his hoode be on. The

C238 As cold as Chisel cl390 Gregorius 52.428: As cold as chisel under led. C239 Choice is good in most things 1560 Heywood E 214.48.1: Choice is good in most things, folke say. C240 A choking Choke-plum 1556 Heywood Spider 162[l-2]: The spiders tale . . . semth a choking choke plum Against flies. See 093. C241 Choose and crave not, quod Carter al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 201, n. 1: Choos and Crave not, quod Carter. C242 To Chop and change al438 Kempe 127.24-5: Thu gevist the to bying

C254

85

Church Door

and sellyng, choppyng and chongyng. с 1450 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 68.37: Crysp haris, Idley 210.432: Thei chop and change and т а к brycht as chrisolyte. marchandysse. cl475 Wisdom 56.642: Choppe and chonge with symonye. 1519 Herman Vul- C250 The Church is no hare (wild cat), it will abide garia 335[12-3]: Choppyng and chaungynge, 1340 Ayenbite 51[2-3]: The cherche nys non 340[13-4, 21-2]. Oxford 94; Tilley C363; hare, hy abyt me wel. cl400 Vices and Virtues Whiting Scots I 149. 47.23-4: I mot siepe, for the chirche is noon C243 t h e Chough is wood {insane) hare; he wole abide me wel. aI450 Pride of 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 231-3: A wys wyf Life in Waterhouse 102.425-6: Nay churc nis shal, if that she kan hir good, Bere hym on no wyl coot (MS. cot). Hit wol abid ther. cl450 honde that the cow is wood. And take witnesse Jacob's Well 141.22-3: The cherche is non hare, of hir owene mayde. al450 Partonope 424. there men leve it they may fynde it. cI450 10282: I have bore you on honde the co we was Lincoln Cath. Lib. MS. A 6.2 f.68b in Owst wode. al500 Medwall Nature A4''[4]: Or bere Literature 44-5: But there is many that carythe hym on hand the kow ys wood. 1546 Heywood not for the preste, ne for the chyrche. For thei D 81.27 (apparently misunderstood). See Robinwil sey—"it is no wilde catt, ne it vvyll not son Chaucer 699 (note). flee." And so thei sett not by the chyrche, ne by the kepers there-of. 1484 Caxton Royal C244 To chitter (chatter) like a Chough Book E7''[17]: The chirche is non hare, he wyl cl405 Mum 37.345: So chiding and chatering (as choghe) were he ever. 1402 Daio Topias not flee awaye. Tilley C376. (Jack) 40[7]: Or chyterynge as chowghes. See C25I The nearer the Church the farther from J19. God C245 To say Christ (God) sain (bless) as when cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 290.9241-2: Tharfor men seye, an weyl ys trowed, "The nere the men sneeze cherche, the fyrther fro God." cl450 Douce al456 Hit is no right in MLN 19(1904) 38[15]: MS.52 45.15: The nere the chyrche, the fer fro Yit might 1 seyne cryst seeyne, as whan men Crist. cl450 Idley 210.395-6: But the nerer sneese. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 2512.34-9]: the chyrch the ffarther from God—Yt ys a In this manere somtyme snesing they deyed. proverbe. cl450 Rylands MS.394 96.4. cl475 So whan ony persone was herd snesing, anone Rawlinson MS. D 328 126.87: The nyer the they that were by sayd to him, god helpe you, cherche the ferder fowre good. al500 Addior, crist helpe you: and yet endureth the tional MS.3707S 277.7: The nerer the chyrch custome. Oxford 226: Friend at; Tilley G178. the further fro God. al500 Hill 130.12. 1546 C246 If Christmas on the Sunday be a troublous Heywood D 33.15: The nere to the churche, the ferther from God, 1555 E 174.157. Apperson winter you shall see 438; Oxford 445; Skeat 100; Tilley C380. Cf. al500 Song in M. A. Denham Collection of Proverbs and Popular Sayings (PS 20, 1847) Jente 798. 69[l-3]: Yf Crystmas day on the Sonday be, A trobolus wynter ye shall see, Medlyd with C252 To pill (rob) the Church to lead (mend) the choir waters stronge. Apperson 99. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 47.1268: Some pill the C247 To tum Christmas into Lent Churche, therewith to leade the quere, cl523 al500 Lay of Sorrow 716.17: My cristenmess Mirrour 30[31]: Uncover not the Church, therIs tumit In to lent. See G369. with to mende the quere. Apperson 658; Oxford 545; Tilley KlOl. C248 Who that makes in Christmas a dog to his larder, etc. C253 Who goes to Church against his will cl417 Lansdowne MS.762 in Rei. Ant. I 233[21comes home accursed 4]: Who that maketh in Cristemas a dogge to c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.52 46.21: Who-so goth to his larder. And in Marche a sowe to his chirch agenst his will, he comyth home acursyd. gardyner. And in Maye a fole of a wise mannes c l 4 5 0 Rylands MS.394 97.12-3. councell. He shall never have good larder, faire C254 He that will not willingly go into the gardeyn, nor wele kepte councell. 1486 PBemers Church Door shall unwillingly be led into hell Boke of St. Albans F5^. Apperson 162. door C249 As bright as Chrysolite a900 Bede 442.21-3: {эоппе him gelomp Öaet

Churl

86

C255

sume men gewuniaö cweÖan: Se Ôe ne wile C263 Churls spring from such seeds as lords cirican dum wilsumlice geeadmoded ingongan, cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 761-2: Thynk eek that se sceal nede in helle dum unwillsumlice of swich seed as cherles spryngen, of swich genijjerad gelasded beon. seed spryngen lordes. As wel may the cherl be saved as the lord. The same deeth that taketh C255 Be the Churl never so hard he shall quake the cherl, swich deeth taketh the lord. Wherere he pass Lizard (Point, Cornwall) fore I rede, do right so with thy cherl, as thou 1456 ТЪе Itineraries of William Wey (HC 76, woldest that thy lord dide with thee, if thou 1857) 155[4-9]: Prima pars Anglie percepta et were in his plit. See A37, F81, K43. visa a nautis nostris vocatur Browsam Rokke; . . . quinta, Lizarda, de qua communiter dici- C264 Claw a Churl by the arse and he shits in tur, Be the chorel nevyr so hard, He shall one's hand quwake by the berde ar he passe Lyzarde. 1546 Heywood D 83.97: Claw a churle by thars, and he shyteth in my hand. Apperson 100; C256 A Churl does a churl's deed cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 2206: I seye, a cherl Tilley C386. hath doon a cherles dede.

C265 For a Churl to reign is contrary to nature al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 767.60: A cherl C257 The Churl gave a doom which came to to regne is contrary to nature. him(self) after cl405 Mum 39.421-2: For as hit is y-seide by C266 Give a Churl rule and he will not be eldryn dawes, "The churle yafe a dome whiche sufficed {satisfied) came by hym aftre." See D342. al470 Malory II 712.23-4: And as ever hit is an olde sawe, "Gyeff a chorle rule and thereby C258 A Churl is deemed by his deed he woll nat be suffysed." Apperson 100. See al400 Romaunt В 2200: A cherl is demed by C271. his dede. MED dede 7. See V35. C267 It is evil {hard) to know Churls in charnel C259 A Churl is the better for pilching and cl378 Piers В vi 50-1: For in chamel atte peeling, etc. chirche, cherles ben yvel to knowe. Or a knighte al200 Ancrene 46.2-4: For eaver me schal fram a knave there. See E22, K43, L448. thene cheorl peolkin and pillen, for he is as the within the spruteth ut the betere that me C268 It is the Churl's kind to be courteous to hine croppeth ofte, al400 {Recluse) 37.23-4: him whom he dreads Yt fareth by the Cherle as by the wythye, the al450 Partonope 113-4.3375-80: For thus ys more men croppen it, the more it wexeth, ever chorles kynde: He thatt he dredythe, al500 {Royal) 12.27-9: For ever men shal pluke schalle hym fynde Curteyse, esy, and debonowre, and pile the chorle. For he fareth as doth the Tyll thatt he may have tyme and leysowr Hys wytheg that springeth and spredeth the better master to do summe fowle despyte; Hys that men croppen it oft. kendenes ther-wythe he wolle aquyte.

C269 Of a Churl can come nought but poison C260 A Churl of birth hates gentle blood cl440 Lydgate Debate in MP II 564.598: A and filth cherl of berthe hatith gentil blood. Cf. Tilley cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 173.17-20: For men M743. sayen that "of a kerle may nought come but poyson and fylth, that maketh the place to C261 A Churl's churl is often woebegone {varied) stynke where he haunteth ynne." Apperson 100. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 279-80: For it was seyd of ffolkis yoore a-goon, A cherlis cherl C270 Of Churls, both man and wife, can de{vars. wyfe, brid) ful oft is woo-bigoon, 484.361: part no good fruit Whoo serveth a cherl hath many a earful day, cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 173.12-4: And 371: A cherlis cherl {var. byrde) is alwey woo- therfore I saye that "of churles, both man and begon. Apperson 100. See C206, V37. wyff, can departe noo goode fruyte." Apperson 100. See B362. С2в2 A Churl would that each man were the C271 To give a Churl domination is bad {varied) same al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 474.140: But al439 Lydgate Fall III 695.778-80: What thyng who is a cherl wold eche man were the same. mor cruel in comparisoun Or mor vengable o£F will and nat off riht, Than whan a cherl See F409.

C286

87

Clay

hath domynacioun, a1449 Mesure in MP II 1340 Ayenbite 58[13-5]: Thet byeth ase the 773.35-6: And he aliso that is a cherll of blode cleper of the melle thet ne may him naght Brought up of naght unto dominacioun (is bad). hyealde stille. cl400 Vices and Virtues 55.32-3: al450 Partonope 110.3303-5: Butte sethen (of) And faren right as the clappe of a water mylle, a chorle I turned the name In-to an Erie, no that cannot stynte. cl450 Jacob's Well 148.24-5: wonder thow schame In the yende be my re- The first is outrage in here woordys as a clapp warde. 1509 Barclay Ship II 8[23-4]: For the of a melle, that nevere wyll be stylle. franche man sayth in his langage. No thynge C277 Clatterers love no peace is wors than a churle made a state, 98 [21-2]: 1523 Skelton Garlande I 371.241: Make noyse For make a carle a lorde, and without any fable enoughe, for claterars love no peas. In his inwarde maners one man styll shall he be, 319[27-8]: No erthly thynge makes more de- C278 To suck one's Claws with the bear bate Than a vyle chorle come to a state. See cl5I5 Barclay Eclogues 6.192: Save onely to sucke our clawes with the Beare. A230, B186, C266, P428, W714. C272 To stand and strive with a Churl has little C279 To Claw where it does not itch avail 1509 Barclay Ship II 256[17-8]: Let hym nat al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 301.10994-5: Ffor, grutche but kepe hym coy and styll And clawe wyth a cherl to stonde and stryve, Yt wolde were it itchyth, cl515 Eclogues 44.1191-2: It nat but lyte avaylle. would make one clawe where as it doth not itche To see one live poore because he would C273 Like a Cipher in algorism (arithmetic) dye riche, 143.99-100: But Codrus I clawe oft cl385 Usk 72.82-4: Although a sypher in au- where it doth not itche. To see ten beggers grim have no might in significación of it-selve, and hälfe a dosen riche. 1533 More Confutación yet he yeveth power in significación to other. 629 A[2-3]: It would make you claw your head, cl405 Mum 25.53-4: Than satte summe as and yet should ye feele none itche at all. 1546 siphre doth in awgrym. That noteth a place Heywood D 87.239: Thou makest me claw and no thing availith. cl425 Crafte in Robert where it itcheth not. Apperson 554-5; Jente Steele The Earliest Arithmetics in English (EETS 710; Oxford 567; Tilley M49; Whiting Drama ES 118, 1922) 5.17: A cifre is no figure sig234. nificatyf. cl440 Charles of Orleans 69.2042-3: Me thynkith right as a syphir now y serve C280 As clean as Clay That nombre m^ith and is him silf noon. cISOO al450 Castle 99.736: Clenner clothyd thanne Heartless Mistress in Bobbins 140.12: And I lyke any clay. a syphyr syt yow by. al513 Dunbar To the King C281 As cold as Clay 28.20: Bot ay as syphir set amang thame. Apperson 100; Oxford 95; Skeat 126; Taylor and al475 Ludus Comntriae 213.115: Ffor who my hert is colde as clay. Apperson 106; Tilley C406; Whiting 70; Tilley C391. Whiting Ballad 26-7, NC 384. C274 As round as a Circle C282 As dry as Clay al400 Lanfranc 111.15: But al the heed is cl400 Laud Troy I 19.632: And make trees round as a sercle. cl450 Capgrave Katharine drye as clay. al475 Ludus Coventriae 143.255: 80.35: Here cours, thai sey, as sercle it is Myne hand is ded and drye as claye. rownd. See C402. C283 As heavy as Clay C275 A City on a mountain may not be hid al325 Bonaventura Meditations 12.357: Here clOOO WSG Matthew ν 14: Ne maeg seo ceaster yen were slepy and hevy as clay. beon behyd ]зе byS uppan munt aset. cl395 WBible Matthew ν 14: А citee set on an hil C284 As pale as Clay cl380 Ferumbras 3.81: He wax so pal so clay. may not be hid. 1418 Man, be warre in Kail Apperson 482; Tilley C406. 61.17-8: On a mowntayne, a sete may not be hyd. Ne lordis werkis in no degre. 1533 More C285 As soft as Clay Confutadon 830 B[8-9]: That cytie can not be al430 Hoccleve Roundel II 37.5: Hir bowgy hyd that is set upon an hill. See T122. cheekes been as softe as clay. C276 Like the Clapper of a mill that will not C286 To cling (wither) like Clay be still a1300 A Song of Sorrow in Brovm Lyrics XIII

Clay

88

122.17: Thei clungin so the cley. al325 Eide in Heuser 170.1[9-10]: Eld wol(d) keld And cling so the dai. a1325 Kildare Swet Jesus in Heuser 81.2[5]: Al we beth iclung so dai. al400 In Alisaundre in Horstmann Sammlung 178.388: 1 clynge as deygh, Icaught in care. al475 Ludus Cocentriae 48.164: My hert doth clynge and deve as clay. See C300.

C287 and herde that the beste clerkes ben not wysest men, 1484 Aesop 128-9 (the fable but not the proverb). 1487 О thou most noble 330[3-4]: In such cases they saie, now and then, "The best clearkes be not the wisest men. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 60.3-4: It is comenly sayd, the greatest clerkes be not all the wysest men of the worlde. 1546 Heywood D 71.54, 1555 E 183.206. Apperson 273; Jente 288; Oxford 97; Skeat 233; Tilley C409; Whiting Scots I 149. See C513, W393.

C287 To do away (etc.) like Clay (fen, loam) clOOO Regius Psalter 29 (17.43): Swa swa fen straïta ic dibe hy. cllOO Salisbury Psalter 97 (17.43): fen, cl350 Prose Psalter 20 (17[18].46): C292 They are not all Clerks that have short Y shal don hem o-way as lome of the stretes. tippets cl395 WBible Psalms xvii 43: Y schal do hem 1481 Caxton Mirror 167[26-7]: Ffor they be not awei, as the cley of stretis. al400 Northern alle clerkes that have short typettis. See H2. Verse Psalter 1 49 (17.43): fen of gates. al400 Scottish Legends II 411.144-6: And the gret C293 Wise Clerks converted from wicked works state and dignité I refuse and forsakis ay, As are strongest faithed undire my fet 1 do clay. cl450 St. Cuthbert c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC i 1002-8: Ensample why, se 146.4953: As clay of ways I sail thaim struye. now thise wise clerkes. That erren aldermost ayeyn a lawe, And ben converted from hire wikked werkes Thorugh grace of God that list C288 Not give (count) a Cleat (wedge) al350 Octavian (NL) 115.779: Ne gyffe i noghte hem to hym drawe, Thanne am they folk that a elide (MS. chide). al390 Seldom seen 717.54: han moost God in awe. And strengest feythed Of al ffraunce yaf nought a clete. 1410 With ben, I undirstonde. And könne an errowr aldergod of love in Kail 38.110: Ne counte his best withstonde. gynnyng at о clete. MED clet (b); NED C294 To fall like a Clew of thread Cleat 2. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 200.6774-5: That of his hors fei that kynge. As it were a clew of thred. C289 To dwell in one's Cleping (calling) c l 3 9 5 WBible 1 Corinthians vii 20: Ech man in what clepyng he is clepid, in that dwelle C295 He that never Climbed never fell he. c l 4 0 0 Paues 63 (1 Corinthians vii 20): And al513 Dunbar Of Content 145.29: Gif we not eferiche man in the clepynge that he is ycleped, clym we tak no fall. 1546 Heywood D 55.10: He that never climbde, never fell, 1555 E 192.262. duelle he stille to-fore God. Tilley C23. Apperson 102; Oxford 449; Tilley C412. C290 To be put to one's Clergy 1546 Heywood D 69.101: She chopth logyke, С29в The higher one Climbs the deeper his fall (varied ) to put me to my clargy. NED Clergy 5. c l 3 4 0 Rolle Psalter 134 (36.21): Swa ill men, C291 The greatest Clerks are not the wisest the heghere thai klymbe in honurs and riches, men the soner thai dye, and the deppere thai ere c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 4054-5: "The gretteste in hell. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.34: Clerkes been noght wisest men," As whilom to Clemme nott to hygh, lest thou fall. al410 Lydthe wolf thus spak the mare. cI454 Pecock gate Churl in MP II 477.208-10: Wordly desires Folewer 57.29: Grettist clerkis ben not wisist stond al in aventure. And whoo disireth to men, 37, 58.38-59.1, 60.4, 12 (Pecock denies the clymbe to hih a-loftt, Bi sodeyn torn, felith saying's truth), 61.5-9: Therfore rathir over Util often his fai unsoftt, al420 Troy I 34.784: Who and over neischli y have write ayens this un- clymbeth hyghe may not falle softe, cl430 wiisdom, this vice and synne, and ayens the Dance 16.133: Hi(e) clymbyng up (a f )alle hathe users therof, than over mych or over scharpli. for his mede, 24.208: No wight is sure that Namenlich for that y have not herde othirc men clymbeth over hye, 70.597: Who clymbeth hyest speke or write eny thing worth ayens this so somme-tyme shal dessende, al437 That Now is greet défaut. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 39.1064. Hay in MP II 813.126: Who clymbeth hyest 1476 Paston V 250[6-7]: Grettest clerkys are gothe ofte base, al439 Fall I 94.3435-6: Who nott alweye vi^sest men. 1481 Caxton Reynard clymbeth hiest, his fai is lowest doun; A mene 63[19-20]: It is true that I long syth have redde estât is best, 173.6117-8: But ay the hiere ther

C304

89

clymbyng is att all, Alias, the sorere is ther onhappi fall. III 683.293-4: I eschewe to clymbe to hih aloffte, List for presumpcioun I sholde nat fall(e) softe, 884.2192: Hih clymbyng up hath ofte an unwar fall, 942.824: Who clymbeth hiest, most pereilous is his fall, 953.1211: Sodeyn clymbyng axeth a sodeyn fall, 1001.2930: Swich sodeyn clymbyng axeth a sodeyn fall, cl440 Debate in MP II 565.634: Whoo clymbith hihest most dreedful is his fall. cl440 Prose Alexander 36.8-10: For wha so ever clymbez hier, than his fete may wynn to sum halde, he sail falle onane down to the grounde. al449 Lydgate Consulo in MP II 752.66: Clymb nat to hih, thus biddith Socrates. 1449 Metham 14.371-2: For he that hyest in that leddere dothe clyme Deppest in-to wo fallyth, qwan he hat(h) lost hys pray. cl470 Harley MS. 3362 f.2b: He that clymbith hey {rest lacking), f.l8a: The hyere that a man styghyt the sorrer he fallyth. al475 Ludus Coventriae 356.32: Whoso clyme over hie he hath a foule fall. cl475 Henryson Fables 89.2614: Nor clym so hie, quhill he fall of the ledder. cl475 Wisdom 50.444: Who clymyt hye, hys fall gret ys. cl475 Yutte Y se but fewe in English Studies 41(1960) 198.5-8: Or that thu clyme bethenke the thrye: Thu schalte downe falle, therfore do weele. Have thu mynde howe thu moste dye; Be ware lest that Fortune tume hur whele. cl499 Skelton Bowge 1 31.26-8: But of reproche surely he maye not mys. That elymmeth hyer than he may fotynge have; What and he slyde downe, who shall hym save? alSOO Consideryng effectually in Person 45.61-2: My fraylte me commandyd not for clymme so hye. Lest I beyng there sodaynly fall hem fro. alSOO Man Begins in Brovra Lyrics XV 237.5: Quho hiest clymbis most sud(danly descendis). cl500 Greene Carols 348.1: The hyere men clemmeth the sorere ys the falle. cI503 More Early Poems [15] B[8]: None falleth farre, but he that climbeth hye. 1509 Barclay Ship I 140[12-4]: For this is dayly sene, and ever shall, That he that coveytys hye to clym aloft If he hap to fall, his fall can nat be soft, 189[10]: For who that hye elymmeth his fall can nat be soft, II 320[27-8]: For who that clymmes by stately pryde, For grevous Viandes can nat abyde. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 159.22-3: The hyer that a man be in honour the greter is his fall. 1511 Hawes Comforte A4''[17]: Clymbe not to fast, lest sodeynly ye slyde. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 40.931: Who clymbeth to hye often hath a fall. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 169.16: Clym nevir our hie, nor yit to law thou lycht. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 77.14-5: The hyer a man ascendeth the more

Cloth nede he hath to loke about hym: for yf he fayle of hold or slyppe the greter is his fall. Apperson 102, 607; Jente 803; Oyford 282; Smith 152; Tilley C414, F131; Whiting Drama 135, 196, 300, Scots I 149-50. See A200, D156, E113, 143, 150, F505, 531, H279, L445, M724, 727, P380, R144, S355.

C297 A Cloak for the rain cI515 Barclay Eclogues 140.5: This lustie Codrus was cloked for the rayne (literal). с151в Skelton Magnificence 20.609: Ye, for your wyt is cloked for the rayne. 1546 Heywood D 74.137: What cloke for the rayne so ever ye bryng mee. Apperson 102; Oxford 98; Tilley C417. C298 He that casts away his Cloak in showers shall never thee (thrive) al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 451.49-56: In the book of prudent Cypryan Wich callid is "a gardeyn of fflours," He seith . . . he that casteth his cloke a wey in shours. Out of the tempest whan he may ffle . . . On of the nombre that schall never the. C299 Not worth a Clod al513 Dunbar Of Discretioun in Taking 36.39: Sic justice is not worth ane clod. DOST Clod, n. 1. C300 To cling (etc.) like (a) Clot in (of) clay al325 Erthe 15.23: Out of this erthe in-to the erthe, there to clinge as a clot of clay. cl330 Praise of Women 292.73-4: That doth his hert(e) rise on hy. So clot, that lith in clay yclong so sore. cl400 Laud Troy I 312.10602: He felde hem doun as clottis of clay, II 504.17133-4: And sehe fei ded and stille lay Among hir horses as clot of clay. Whiting Drama 308:62. See C286. C301 As lithy (flexible) as Cloth clOOO Larspell in Napier 234.21-2: And heo biS swa liöig swa claS. C302 As pale as Cloth cl489 Caxton Aymon II 419.7-8: And becam pale as a white cloth for the grete wrathe that he had. Taylor and Whiting 72; Tilley C446. C303 As near as any Cloth al500 For Old Acquaintance Sake in Bobbins 134.13-4: Witt locces (locks) of love I am besette. That syttes me nere then anny clothe. See S255. C304 Better to lack (lose) Cloth than loaf (bread ) cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.21: Hyt ys beter to lake the clothe than the love. Melius

Cloth

90

C305

est vere mappa quam pane carere. alSOO Hill C3I5 After misty (black) Clouds a clear sun 129.51: Better it is, to lese cloth than brede. (clear weather) Apperson 44; MED cloth 7; Tilley C427; Wal- с1400 Beryn 118.3955: Aftir mysty cloudis there comyth a der sonne. cl450 Idley 91.658: Ffeire ther II 855.14610. wedir is shewed after clowdes dym. 1546 HeyC305 The Cloth is of another hue wood D 46.172: After cloudes blacke, we shall cl450 Develis Perlament in Fumivall Hymns have weather cleere, 1555 E 152.38: After clouds 42.23-4: We ben bigilid alle with oure lyst, The blacke, we shall have wether cleere: And after clooth is al of anothir hew. MED cloth 7; Whit- wether cleere, we shall have cloudes blake: Now ing Scots I 150. whot, now colde, now fayre, now foule appeere: C306 Falsely woven Cloth may keep no fresh As wether cleerth or cloudth, so must men take. Apperson 103; O ^ r d 4; Skeat 154; Tilley C442. colors al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 579.368: Clothe Cf. Whiting Drama 186. See D41, M592, 686, RIL falsly woven may kepe no fresshe colours. C307 It is a bad Cloth that will take no color C316 As far as the Cloud 1546 Heywood D 93.88: It is a bad clothe that cl385 Chaucer TC Hi 433-4: From every wight will take no colour. Apperson 22; Oxford 19; as fer as is the cloude He was. See E20. Tilley C431. C317 As high as a Cloud C308 One may not always know the Cloth al460 Towneley Plays 375.263: Hir hede as hy as a clowde. though the color shines freshly al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 408.15170-1: Men C318 To be under a Cloud ne knowe alway cloth, Thogh the colour fresshly cl500 Lady Bessy 18[9-10]: He said, we must shynes. See A155. come under a cloud, We must never trusted bee, 79[5-6]: Then came he under a clowde. That C309 To cut it out of broad Cloth cl516 Skelton Magnificence 6.145-6: It were a some tyme in England was full hee. Oxford 98; shame, to God I make an othe. Without I myght Tilley C441. cut it out of the brode clothe. Cf. Taylor and C319 To i-wite (go) like a Cloud Whiting 72: whole; Tilley C433. c970 Bückling Homilies 59[ 19-20]: Ealle Jja C310 Under a white Cloth moths are often hid 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[l-2]: Undre a whyte cloth often are hyd mothys.

gewitaS swa swa wolcn. cl395 WBible Job xxx 15: Myn helpe passide awei as a cloude.

C320 To magnify one above the Clouds C311 Let him that is afraid of his Clothes dance cl400 Three Things in Wyclif EW 186[2-3]: And magnyflen hem above the cloudis. See naked cl385 Usk 23.85-6: He that is aferd of his S687. clothes, let him daunce naked! See T298. C321 A little Clout may (make) loathly a large piece C312 Clothing cannot make a man be good cl515 Barclay Eclogues 201.558-60: It is not cl200 Ancrene 131.1-2: For a lute d u t mei clothing can make a man be good. Better is in ladlechin swithe a muchel hai pece, al400 ragges pure living innocent Then a soule defiled (Recluse) 125.33^: For a litel clout may make a foule spott. Ives 264:12. in sumptuous garment. See Η44β, Ρ149. C322 Not worth a Clout C313 Fair Clothing amends a man al475 Russell Boke 135.296: Be not rasche ne al400 Romaunt В 2255-8: Mayntene thysilf aftir recheles, it is not worth a clowt. thi rent. Of robe and eke of garnement; For many sithe fair clothyng A man amendith in C323 To be carved as through a woolen Clout myche thyng. Taylor and Whiting 73. al300 Alisaunder 249.4451-2: That the spere carf thorough-out As thorough a wollene clout. C314 Worldly Clothing does a man much worship C324 As black as (a, any) Coal al450 Three Middle English Sermons 62-3.405-7: C1225 Horn 35 С 589-90: Thar he tok his Syn the sest wel that worldliche clothyn maad gode fole Also blak so eny cole. cl300 Beves of her or о wile of unresonable bestes doth a 81.1548: eni. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 52.1449: man so miche worschepe e this world. In-to the watyr, blak as kole. al325 Cursor III

C335

91

1287.22489: And worth (Τ wexe) all (Τ as) Ыас sum (Τ as) ani cole. al325 XV Signa in Heuser 101.42, 102.66: the. al375 Octavian (S) 26.796, 27.840, 43.1352. cl375 St. Bartholomew 120.86: His hare es crisp and als cole blac, 122.305: any. cl380 Ferumbras 80.2437, 115.3660. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2692: any. al393 Gower CA III 116.6204: eny. cl395 WBible Lamentations i ν 8: The face of hem was maad blackere than coolis. al400 Alexander С 20.606: a. cl400 Laud Troy II 477.16203. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 362.377: ony. al415 Mirk Festial 56.15: a. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 384.14213. cl440 Revelation in Yorkshire Writers I 389[29-30]: any. al450 Castle 140.2117. al450 Cenerydes A 106.3406, 112.3588, В 62.1942, 67.2076. al450 Partonope 138.3918. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 63.770. cl450 Epistle of Othea 78.21-2. cl450 La Tour-Landry 29.5. cl450 Merlin II 665[20]: eny. cl450 Northern Passion 206-7 A CGg 1770: any. cl450 Trevet 345.22-3 (f.71a, col. 2): a. al460 Towneley Plays 5.136: any. 1465 Leversege 23[13]: any. aI470 Malory II 988.8: ony. aI475 Assembly of Gods 57.1952: a. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 159^" [2.43-4]. 1483 Vulgaría quedam abs Terencio Ql''[8]: a. cl489 Caxton Aymon I 60.19: a, 209.15-7: a, 314.23-4: a, 1489 Doctrinal Ε2'·[13]: a. alSOO Guy^ 121.3863: any, 179.5913: any. al533 Berners АтОшг 159[17-8]: any, Huon 147.20: a. Apperson 51; Svartengren 243-4; Taylor and Whiting 73; Tilley C458; Whiting Drama 308:65, Scote I 150.

Coa/ Souls in Horstmann Legenden 1881 149.232-3: And of his finger fell doun a drope In (the) maister hand, hate als a cole. Apperson 315; Tilley 462; Whiting Ballad 27, NC 385. See G142. C328 As murk as any Coal al450 Northern Passion 206 CDd 1770: The sunne wax myrk as any cole. C329 As red as (a) Coal(s) cl350 Libeaus 36.620 {car.): As red as fFyerye cole. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 392.234: Now as coles red. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 567.30: a. cl505 Watson Valentine 140.19-20: More redder than a flambinge cole. al533 Berners Huon 489.27-8: His eyne more redder then •ii. brynynge coles, 754.20-1: He waxed as reed as a brenninge coole. Whiting NC 385. See G143. C330 As swart as (any) Coal alOOO Two Apocrypha 38 C[19-20]: Sweart swa col. clOOO Lxce Boc in Cockayne II 332[19]: Swa sweart swa col. cl300 Guy^ 374 A 7158: His bodi is swarter than ani cole. СЗЗОа Coal-swart alOOO Vercelli Homilies 101.325: He bi6 collsweart. C331 Not worth a Coal cl400 Laud Troy I 226.7674: Off on that is not worth a cole.

C332 To be colored as (the) Coal C324a Coal-black al200 Lawman II 318.17700-1: Iblaecched he cI250 Owl 8.75: Thin eghene both col-blake. haefede his licame, Swulc ismitte of cole. cl380 al300 Richard 92.273-4: All togyder coleblacke Cleanness 19.456: He (a raven) watz colored as Was his horse. cl375 St. Anastasia in Horstmann the cole. Legenden 1881 26.94. cl380 Ferumbras 34.807. C1385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2142, cl390 I[A] 3240. C333 To bear no Coals al393 Gower CA II 248.808. al400 Ipomadon A 1522 Skelton Why Came II 34.240: Wyll ye bere 71.2417. C 1 4 0 0 Gowlher 151.410 (car.). cl440 no coles? Tilley C464. Lydgate Debate in MP II 543.87. al450 Gene- C334 To blow at the Coal rydes A 175.5629-30. al450 Partonope 74.2447, 1485 Caxton Charles 119.11: Ye can wel playe 336.8313. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 106.22. MED and blowe atte cole. al500 Hill 129.52: He that col-blak; NED Coal-black; Whiting Ballad 27. hath nede, mwst blowe at the cole. 1522 Skelton Why Come II 29.81: We may blowe at the cole, C325 As dark as the Coal cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3731: Derk was the 1523 Garlande I 386.610: Brainles blenkardis that blow at the cole. 1546 Heywood D 40.184: nyght . . . as the cole. Svartengren 238. Leat them that be a colde blowe at the cole. С32в As hasty as Coals Apperson 57; O φ r d 101: Cold; Tilley C460, cl450 Pilgrimage LM 134[14]: I am more hastyf 465. See F199, G146. than coles. C335 To bum like (a, any) Coal C327 As hot as the (a) Coal с1390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes {Veral349 A Song of Love in Brown Lyrics XIV non) 310.37: Mi tonge brenneth as a Cole. 102.13: Lufe es hatter then the cole. cl375 All al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa г7'[1.23]: It

Coa/

92

C336

brennyth as a cole. al400 Scottish Legends I C343 To pay one on the Coat 221.458: Brynt as thai colis ware. al400 Wyclif al460 Towneley Plays 175.326:1 shall pay thaym Sermons I 155[7]; Bi siche love men brennen as on the cote. coolis. cl400 Laud Troy II 418.14194: He brende C344 To Cobble and clout In yre as any cole. alSOO The Stacyons of Rome 1528 Skelton Replycacion 1216.222-3: Ye cobble in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 169.767: Hit brent and ye clout Holy Scripture so about. Cf. Apas helle cole. See G147. person 104; Oxford 99. C336 To glister like Coals C345 To destroy as one destroys Cobweb al400 Siege of Jerusalem 73.1252 (var.)·. That al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 343[3-4]: Lanfranc glystered as coles. See GI49. . . . destroyede the castes of the myghti men C337 To ruckle {heap, etc.) Coals of fire on one's as who destroyeth copweb. head C346 As red as a Cock al200 Ancrene 207.16-7: Thus thu schalt, seith cl450 La Tour-Landry 168.12-3: And was reed Salomon, rukelin on his heaved beaminde as a cok, and had a good lyvynge colour. Taylor gleden. cl378 Piers В xiii 144: Cast coals (al387 and Whiting 75; Tilley T611. C: hote coles) on his hed, and al kynde speche. cl395 WBible Proverbs xxv 22: For thou schalt C347 As the Cock crows so the chicken leams gadere togidere coolis on his heed, Romans xii {varied) 20: For thou doynge this thing schalt gidere cl450 Douce MS.52 48.43: As the соске croweth, togidere colis on his heed {Gloss: colis: that is, so the chekyn lemyth. cl450 Idley 102.1287-8:1 the heete of charyte, ether of the Holy Goost, sey no thyng but as myn auctor techeth: Ever ether the brennyng heete of penaunce, on his the yonge cok croweth as the olde precheth. heed: that is, soule). al400 Pauline Epistles 38 с1450 Rylands MS.394 97.11 1509 Barclay Ship I (Romans xii 20): For thou doande that, thou 235[28]: The yonge Cok lerneth to crowe hye schalt hepe the colys of fyre; that is to seye the of the olde. 1546 Heywood D 35.12: The yonge hete of chante up on his hed. cl400 Paues 55 соске croweth, as he the olde heereth. Apper(Romans xii 20): For doynge these thinges thou son 719; Oxford 100; Taylor and Whiting 75; schalt gedere to-geder coles of fuyr up-on his Tilley C491; Whiting Scots I 151. See Ы4, hed. Oxford 99; Taylor and Whiting 74; Tilley D298, S2I6. C468. C348 A Cock among hens takes what comes next to hand C33S To sparkle like a Coal 1485 Caxton Charles 26.31-2: Eyen . . . spark- al393 Gower CA III 390.159-63: Bot as a cock among the Hennes, . . . Riht so can he nomore lyng lyke a cole. good. Bot takth what thing comth next to honde. C339 The Coast is (not) clear cl522 Skelton Colyn I 359.1259: Tyll the cost C349 The Cock has low shoes be clere. 1546 Heyv^ood D 90.69: All was not al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 813-8.7-8: An cleere in the coste. Oxford 99; Taylor and Whit- old proverbe groundid on sapience Alle goo we still, the Cok hath lowe shoon, 16, 24, etc. {reing 74; Tilley C469; Whiting Ballad 35. frain). Apperson 5: All go; MED cok η. (1) 5(a). C340 A Kendal {green cloth) Coat and a russet C350 A Cock (cur, wight) is keen (bold) on his hood never agree al500 О man more 393.12-4: A kendall cote and own mixen (dunghill) a russett hoode, Faire speche and dedes con- al200 Ancrene 74.14: As me seith that curre is trarye, Two faces in on hoode, doo never agree. kene on his ahne mixne, al250 {Nero) 62.18: eoe. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 5[16-7]: For, as C341 To be in someone's Coat Seneca seith, a cok is most myghty on his donge1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 98.3-4: Yf thu were hille. al400 Ancrene {Recluse) 63.18-9: As Men in my coote thu woldes have lytle luste to scoffe. seien on englisch. Cok is kene on his owen dunge Tilley C473. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 328: hyll. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 276.10046-50: Shoe(4). And yt ys sayd off ffolkys Sage, And a proverbe wryte off old. How that every whyht ys bold C342 To cut one's Coat after one's cloth 1546 Heywood D 58-9: I shall Cut my cote Up-on hys owne (erly and late). At the dongel after my cloth. Apperson 131; Oxford 126; Taylor at hys gate. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 96[14-5]: and Whiting 74-5; Tilley C472; Whiting Scote Eche wight is strong on his owen dung hep and tristeth to his cuntree. 1546 Heywood D 42.30: I 150.

C367

93

Cole-prophet

Every соске is proude on his owne dunghill, C358 To be Cock-sure 1555 E 189.242. Apperson 105; Jente 313; Ox- al500 Medwall Nature C3''[29]: The mater ys ford 100; Skeat 22; Tilley C486. See C474, 567, cok sure. 1522 Skelton Шу Come II 35.279: He maketh himselfe cock sure. NED Cock-sure. F570, M207, R45. C351 A Cock were a fair fowl were he not often C359 To play Cock Wat cl516 Skelton Magnificence 37.1192: What seen {varied) cl450 Douce MS.52 47.39: A cock were a feyre canest thou do but play Cocke Wat? fowle, nere he where ofte i-seyn. cl450 Rylands C360 Not set a Cocker (?leggings, ?boot) MS.394 97.2: A cok were a feyre foule ner' he cl422 Hoccleve Leme to Die 190.312-3: Nat so ofte seen. 1528 More Heresyes 132 ВС: No more moche as by an old boote or cokir Sette у mervailous is a koko than a cock, though the one be sene but in somer and the other all the ther-by. yere. MED cok η. (1) 5(a). See D48, L208, P270, C36I Cockle and côm (contrasted) T109. cl390 Chaucer CT 1I[B] 1182-3: He wolde sowen som difficulté. Or springen cokkel in our C352 Many an old Cock maintains his flock but dene com. al393 Cower CA II 453.1881-3: To all our eggs come from the young cock sowe cokkel with the corn. So that the tilthe is cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 29[12-4]: Many a nyh forlorn, Which Crist sew ferst his oghne cok is olde On the dungehil and mayntenethe al hond. cl405 Mum 29.62: Right as the cockil his flokke. But alle oure eyren comen of the Cometh fourth ere the come ripe. al449 Lydgate yong cokke. MED ei n. (1) 6. Ryght as a Rammes Home in MP II 464.53-4: Eretikes han loste here frowardenesse, Wedid C353 To cast to (at) the Cock cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 109.386: Farwell my the cokle from the pure come, St. Austin in sorow, I caste it to the cok. al499 Lydgate MP 1 205.387-8: Nor so damel growe nor multeTestament in MP I 353.651-2: My pater noster, plye. Nor no fais Cokkly be medlyd with good my crede, or my beleve. Cast atte cok, lo, this com, Sey the Best in MP II 796.48: Among good was my maner. 1474 Paston V 207[ 19-20]: greyn no cockill sow. с1450 Idley 180.1277-8: Whedyr it shalbe necessary for me to come up Remeve hastelie the cokkill fro the com, Ffor if it growe and seede it doith grevaunce. 1528 to London hastyly or not, or ellys kast all at the More Heresyes 248 C[13]: Some cokle among the Kok. MED casten 3(c), cok η. (1) 5(b). corn. Oxford 608; Tilley C497, 659. See C429, C354 To cry Cock D19, 20. al508 Dunbar Flyting 12.248: Cry cok, or 1 sail quell the. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 4.120: And C362 Not worth a Cod (seed pod) by consent cry cok, thy ded is dycht. Whiting al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 289[26]: I telle not worthe a cod, for alle thi faire is faynt. Scots I 151. See C534, 534.1, 536. C355 To hop like Cocks in a croft (cultivated C363 Coin exalts man more than cunning cl515 Barclay Eclogues 187.170: How coyne field) al460 Towneley Plays 239.354-5: We must hop more than cunning exalteth every man. and dawnse As cokys in a croft. C364 Where Coin is not common commons must C356 To set Cock (spigot) on the hoop be scant 1519 Horman Vulgaria 436[23-4]: He setteth al 1546 Heywood D 59.2: Where coinè is not comthynges at соске in the hope. Omnia in fortunas mon, commons must be scant. Apperson 106; casibus ponit. 1534 More Comforte 1177 E[4-5]: Oxford 101; Tilley C508. Sette соске a hoope, and fyll in all the cuppes at ones. 1546 Heywood D 70.23: He maketh C365 After great Cold comes great heat havok, and setteth соске on the hoope, 1556 al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.49: After grete Spider 298[17]: To set соске on hope and run cold comythe grete hete. cl450 Fyrst thou sal on heade. Apperson 105; Oxford 100; Tilley 88.41: See H305. C493; Whiting Drama 338:460. C366 Who has no Cold has no dainty ( pleasure) of heat C357 To wear a Cock's-comb 1522 Skelton Why Come II 64.1232: Ye may al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 310.353-4: Who hath weare a cockes come. 1546 Heywood D 72.78: no cold, of hete hath no deyntè. The toon for Except ye bryng him to weare a cocks comb at the tother asked is expresse. See W231. ende. NED Cock's-comb 2. С3в7 To play Cole-prophet

Coll

94

1546 Heywood D 33.19-20: Ye plaie coleprophet . . . who takth in hande, To knowe his answere before he do his errande, 1562 E 244.89: Thy prophesy poysonly to the pricke goth: Coleprophet and cole poyson thou art both. Apperson 107; NED Cole-prophet; Tilley C510.

C368 cl450 Douce MS.S2 53.104: Of a ragged colte comes a gode hors. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.17.15. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 121.43. al500 Hill 128.10. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 108.22: Many a ragged colt proved to (be) a good horse. 1546 Heywood D 43.83: For of a ragged colte there comth a good horse. Apperson 520; Oxford 530; Tilley C522. See C515.

C368 Coll under canstick (candlestick) 1546 Heywood D 36.31-2: Coll under canstyk, she can plaie on bothe handes, Dissimulacion C377 To have a Colt's tooth well she understandes. Apperson 107; Oxford cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3888: And yet ik have 102; Tilley C512. alwey a coltes tooth, cl395 1II[D] 602: But yet 1 hadde alwey a coltes tooth. Apperson C369 After a Collar comes a rope al461 John the Reeve 590.814-6: Fful oft I have 107-8; Oxford 102-3; Skeat 229; Tilley C525; heard tell That after a coller comes a rope; 1 B. J. Whiting in Mediaeval Studies in Honor of shall be hanged by the throate. Oxford 4; Tilley }. D. M. Ford, ed. U. T. Holmes, Jr. and A. J. Denomy (Cambridge, Mass., 1948) 321-31. C513.

C378 To leap about like Colts (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here.) cl300 Guy^ 308 A 5709-10: Than lopen about hem the Lombars As wicked coltes out of haras. cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3263: Wynsynge she was, as is a joly colt, 3282: And she sproong C371 As black as a Collier's sack al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 134.5126-7: Swych as a colt dooth in the trave. cl405 Mum 61.1185: wer foul and blake of syht Lyche to a colyers And kiketh faste as a colte that casteth downe hymsilf. al450 Castle 161.2814: As kene koltys sak. Cf. NED Collier 3, quote 1732. thow they kynse (Pwince). C372 The Collier of Croydon cl515 Barclay Eclogues 34.965: And as in Croi- C379 What is good for a Colt is not good for a don 1 heard the Collier preache. See note, stallion p. 233. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 71[23-4]: For that that is good for a colt is not good for a staloun. C373 -It is a dear Collop that is cut out of one's C380 As one Comes so shall he pass own flesh 1546 Heywood D 40.162-3: It is a deere colup al5I3 Dunbar OfManis Mortalitìe 149.4: For as That is cut out of thowne fleshe. Apperson thow come sa sail thow pas. See F392, G182, 139-40; Oxford 133; Tilley C517. W395. C370 To have many Collars on 1470 Paston V 74[15-6]: I have many collars on, as I shall tell yow when I come. MED coler 4(b); NED Collar 8.

C374 Under Color of kissing is much old hate C381 He Comes not too late for whom any good cl385 Usk 16.58-9: But often under colour of is shaped kissinge is mokel old hate prively closed and cl450 Douce MS.52 50.71: He comys not to late. That any gode is y-shape. Non mora fit kept. See E96. dura, bona cui sunt ulla futura. cl450 Rylands C375 All that a young Colt is taught he will MS.394 100.13. Walther 111 327.18064. hold 1340 Ayenbite 220[21-3]: Vor ase me zayth. C382 He that Comes first has his bills read first "Huo that tekth colte endaimture: hyalde hit al500 Assembly 399.575-8: And upon that was wyle therhuyle hit ilest." cl400 Vices and Virmad an ordinaunce. They that cam first, hir tues 200.5-7: As the proverbe seith: "Al that men techeth a colt whan men schal tame hym billes shuld be red. Ful gentelly than sayd Perseveraunce, "Resoun it wold that they were and daunty, he wole holde as longe as he lasteth," 244.20-3: For as men seith that techeth a sonest sped." Cf. Apperson 214: First come; Oxford 204; Taylor and Whiting 77; Tilley C530. colte in dauntyng tyme, that is whan he cometh first to honde, right as thou wolte have hym for See M558. evere-more after, the whiles he lasteth. See C383 He that Comes last makes all fast С22в. 1555 Heywood E 183.202: He that cumth last C376 Of a ragged Colt comes a good horse make all fast. Apperson 108; Oxford 351.

C395

95

C384 Lightly Come lightly go (spend) cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 781: And lightly as it comth, so wol we spende. al420 Lydgate Troy I 277.4635: Lightly it cam and lightly went a-way. al475 Fortescue Dialogue I 489[19]: For thyng that lightly Cometh, lightly goeth. alSOO Carpenter's Tools 80.27-8: Wyte thou wele it schall be so. That lyghtly cum, schall lyghtly go. al500 Lay of Sorrow 718.137: That as It cummyth as sone away It goth. alSOO Thre Prestís 16.223: Tharfor that lychtly cummis will lichtly ga. 1546 Heywood D 94.112: Light come, light go, 1555 E 169.132. Apperson 365; Jente 466; Oxford 367; Skeat 261; Taylor and Whiting 77: Easy; Tilley C533; Whiting Scots I 151. See F638, G52, 126, W284. C385 Comers and goers bring all to nought al325 BM Additional MS.33956 f.lOOb in Catalogue of Additions, 1888-93 139[l-2]: Comers and goers bryngeth hym al to naghte. C386 After Comfort keen cares al513 Dunbar Of the Changes of Lyfe 141.17: Nixt efter comfort cairis kein.

Company cl375 Barbour Bruce I 46.500-2: Sa fayris (it) ay commounly; In commownys may nane affy. Bot he that may thar warand be. al420 Lydgate Troy III 710.4993-4: To-day thei love (and) to-morwe hate. To trust a comoun lasteth by no date, 722.5411-2: Of the comowns, whiche in thinges newe Rejoyshen ay, after though thei rewe, al439 Fall II 390.2203: In trust off comouns is no perseveraunce, 410.2921-3: Loo, what it is in comouns to assurel Stormy off herte, onseur off ther corage, That seelde or never ther frenship doth endure, 447.4231-2: The comoun peeple, which stant in noun certeyne. With everi wynd tumyng up-so-doun, 490.621-3: The comouns hertis were tumid up-so-doun, Whos love is lik, preved at assay, A blase of fyr, now briht and now away, 636.1818-24: Lik a blase for a w(h)ile liht. Which sheweth (ful) deer and is nevir aftir seyn, Or lik a sonne for a moment briht, Unwarli shroudid with a cloude of reyn, Riht so the wyndi favour bloweth in veyn. May resemble for a mutabilité, Of them that doon for any comounte. 1464 Hardyng 108[13-4]: As comons would ever yet of olde and newe. Eche yere their kyng to chaimge and renewe. Whiting Scofe I 151. Cf. Jente 235. See C391, P134, W422.

C387 Cold Comfort cl380 Patience 22.264: Lorde, colde watz his cumfort and his care huge! Oxford 102; Tilley C542. C393 A Commonty is hard to appease C388 111 Coming to the end of a shot (reckon- 1523 Berners Froissart III 196[25-6]: Ye have harde often tymes recorded howe it is a harde ing) and beginning of a fray 1546 Heywood D 82.69-70: And it is yll com- warke to apease a commontie whan they be myng, I have heard say. To thend of a shot, styrred. and beginnyng of a fray. Oxford 39; Tilley C548. C394 Company shortens the way C389 The ten Commandments (i.e., fingernails) al500 Coventry Plays 59.825-6: For you have cl545 Heywood Four PP El^[17]: Thy wyfes eyver lovid cumpany. For yt dothe schorttun .X. commaundementes may serch thy .v. wittes. well youre wey. Apperson 257: Good company; Apperson 622; Oxford 105; Taylor and Whiting Tilley C566. See C398, T36. 78; Tilley C553. C395 Draw to such Company as you would be C390 The Commendation of the people is some- like (varied) times false al325 Cursor I 10.45-6: For be the thyng man cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 473: Certes, the com- drawes till Men schal him k(n)aw for god or ill. mendacioun of the peple is somtyme ful fais and al400 Speculum Christiani (1) 107.3-4: Anothir ful brotel for to triste; this day they preyse, is fie fro wikkid companie, for suche as a man drawis him to suche schal he be or wors. al450 tomorwe they blame. Myne awen dere 175.835-6: Swylke company C391 In a Commonalty is no certainty (varied) thou drawe (MS. drawe noght) to As thyselfe al471 Ashby Policy 40.870-1: Put no ful truste thynke for to do. cl450 Consail and Teiching in the Comonalte, Thai be ever wavering in 66.9-12: Fore be thar cumpany men may knaw variance. 1523 Berners Froissart I 403[16-8]: He To gud or 111 quhethir at thai draw; Fore syk alwayes sayd that in a comynalte, ther was never inclynacione and syk wyll Syk cumpany evir no certentie, but finally shame, rebuke, and dys- drawis tyll. 1477 Rivers Dictes 23[32-4]: Acomhonour. See C392, M104. panye the with good people and thou shalt be C392 In the Commons no man may trust on of hem; acompany the with badde and thou shalt be on of thoos. 1509 Barclay Ship II (varied)

Company

96

C396

35[27-8]: For eche man is reputyd of the same C403 An evil Conclusion may follow a good sort As is the company wherto he doth resort. syllogism al513 Dunbar Rewl of Anis Self 75.28: Sic art al400 Romaunt В 4456-9: For many tymes, thow callit as is thy cumpany. Jente 127; Oxford whanne she wole make A full good silogisme, I 588: Sike a man; Taylor and Whiting 78, 233-4; dreede That aftirward ther shal in deede Folwe Tilley M248, 382; Whiting Scois I 151. See an evell conclusioun. See B200. C396, L570. C404 By Concord small things multiply cl412 Hoccleve Regement 187.5195-7: By conC396 Good Company makes good men and ill corde, smale thinges multiplien; And by discompany makes ill c l 4 5 0 Consail and Teiching 66.5-6: Gud cum- corde, hate, ire, and rancour, Perysshen thinges pany gud men makis. And of the 111 oft men ill grete, and wast and dyen. Whiting Scois I 151. Cf. Tilley U l i . takis. Cf. Smith 31; Tilley M536. See C395. C397 It is better to be alone than in the Com- C405 Concords soon taken are good pany of evil people 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 651.12-4: Therfore saie 1450 Diets 6.9-11: Bettir . . . to be aloone than men in a proverbe, that the concordes or peas to be in company and felawschip of eville sone taken ben good. peple. 1477 Rivers Dictes 9[20-2]: It is better a man . . . to be a lone than to be acompayned C406 One ill Condition defaces all the good 1546 Heywood D 80.69-70: With many conwith evill people. Apperson 41-2; Oxford 38; dicions good, one that is yll, Defaceth the flowre Tilley C570. of all, and dooth all spyll. Tilley C585. See C398 It is merry to have Company Α1β7. al450 Partoncrpe 391.9468-70: With all myn herte I am gladde nowe That I have overtaken C407 To gush like a Conduit you. For mery it is to have company. See C394, al439 Lydgate Fall I 154.5482: Lich a conduit gusshed out the blood. T36. C408 A Conscience room (large) on which to C399 Who does after Company lives the better turn eight oxen and a wain in rest al513 Dunbar Of the Warldis Instabilitie 30.41-3: c l 4 0 0 Beryn 6.162: Ffor who doith after com- Kirkmen so halie ar and gude. That on thair pany, may lyve the bet in rest. Cf. Taylor and conscience, rowme and rude. May tume aucht Whiting 310: Rome. oxin and ane wane. Cf. Oxford 548: Room to swing, quote al679; Tilley СбОЗа, W888, quote C400 Comparisons are odious 1617. c l 4 4 0 Lydgate Debate in MP II 561.526: Odious

of old been all co(m)parisouns, al449 Amor in C408.1 To have a spiced Conscience MP II 745.15: Make no comparisoun, wayte on 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 525-6: He waited the tyde. 145Θ Hay Law 282.11: Comparisoun is after no pompe and reverence. Ne maked him a odious. al500 Colkelbie 281.58: Without odius spiced conscience, c l 3 9 5 1II[D] 434-5: Ye sholde crewale comparisoun. 1528 More Heresyes 225 been al pacient and meke. And han a sweete B[13-4]: Saving the comparisons be odious. spiced conscience. D. Biggins in English Studies Apperson 110; Oxford 106; Smith 32; Taylor 47(1966) 169-80; Tilley S746. and Whiting 78; Tilley C576; Whiting Scots I C409 Whose Conscience is (en)cumbered and 151. is not clean, of other men's deeds the worst will C401 Where there is no Comparison (equality) he ween (deem) lust and liking fall c l 4 5 0 Fyrst thou sal 90.143-4: Whos conscience c l 4 0 0 Beryn 54.1753-4: Wher is noon comis incombyrd and is not dene Of other mens dedes the warst he wil wene. c l 4 5 0 Proverbs in parisoun, of what thing so it be. Lust and likeing fallith there. See B363, L551, M175, Y33. Rei. Ant. I 205[l-2]: Whos conscience is combred and stondith nott dene. Of anothir manis C402 As round as (a) Compass (circle) dedis the wursse woll he deme. alSOO Salomon cl408 Lydgate Reson 42.1573-4: A chapelet As seyth in Person 52.5-6. Apperson 112; Oxford compas rounde, 73.2732. a l 5 H Guylforde Pyl107; Tilley C611. grymage 58[19]: That stonde in the see rounde as a compas. See C274. C410 Hence to Constantino (Algeria)

C424

97

Cord

1555 Heywood E 169.130(2).3: That could and C416 A Cony covers her head and weens all is wolde, reache hence to Constantine. well 1533 More Confutación 588 D[13-5]: As doth a C4H Hence to Constantinople conye that covereth her hed, and weneth all al500 Partenay 157.4516-7: To constantinoble were well when all her loynes be open. Cf. fro-thens is no faill. Ne myght ymage finde with Oxford 478: Ostrich; Tilley 083. it to compare. C417 To run like Conies C412 Be you Content, of more have you no need alSOO Stations 361.399-400: And than ranne we al513 Dunbar Rewl of Anis Self 75.19: Be thow ferre and nere As conys doth to ther covere. content, of mair thow hes no neid. Cf. Tilley C623. C418 He is an evil Cook that cannot lick his ovra lips (varied) C413 He ought to be Content who need not 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 27.37: He is an flatter nor borrow evyll coke that can not lycke his owne lyppes. 1477 Rivers Dictes 58[14-6]: Than some axed 1546 Heywood D 90.67: A poore cooke that him of howe moche goode a man ought to be maie not Иске his owne fyngers. Apperson 323; content, and he answered to have so moche as Oxford 109; Tilley C636. he neded, nat to flatre nor borowe of other. Apperson 112; Oxford 108; Tilley N89. C419 As bald as a Coot al325 Le Traité de Walter de Bibbesworth, ed. C414 Contraries cure contraries {varied) Annie Owen (Paris, 1929) 117.782 A: A balled cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1276-7[B2466-7]: And cote. al420 Lydgate Troy I 278.4673: And yit he as touchynge the proposicioun which that the was ballid as a cote. aI508 Skelton Phyllyp I phisiciens encreesceden in this caas, this is to 63.410-1: And also the mad coote. With a balde seyn, that in maladies that oon contrarie is face to toote. 1534 Heywood Love C2''[23]: Thou warisshed by another contrarie, 1282[B2472]: blynde, balde cote, 1546 D 27.49: Balde as a And thanne have I cured oon contrarie by coote. Apperson 24; Oxford 20; Tilley C645. another. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa o5''[2.10-l]: And soo we hele contraryes with C420 As pilled (bald) as a Coot contraryes. al400 Lanfranc 257.2-3: And sum1528 More Heresyes 238 B[10-l]: As pilled as a men han now newe rulis: that with contrariis coote. contrarie thinges schulen be curid. al400 Scottish Legends I 167.589-91: And of his II had sic C421 A mad Coot persawyne That throu contrare contrare thynge al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 63.410: And also the Is helpyne ofte. cl400 Seven Sages D 35.1104: mad coote. Cf. Ch^ord 720; Taylor and Whiting Contrare suld be helit with contrare. al425 80; Tilley W561. Mirk Instructions 48.1553-4: Countur wyth countur ys I-huled ofte, When they be leyde C422 To play Cop-out to-gedur softe. cl450 Idley 94.773: Contrarie by al508 Freiris of Berwik in Dunbar 191.387: The her contraries ofte have cure. cl450 Trevet Freiris playit cop owt. al513 Dunbar Quhone 146.36 (f. ЗО"", col. 1): Contrary thynges be ofte Mony Benefices Vakit 27.13: Ane thristis, ane heled by contraryous thynges. alSOO Medwall uther playis cop out. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II Nature E3''[9]: Quia contraria contrariis curan- 63.92:1 wil nocht say that ilkman playt cop owt. tur, H4''[9-10]: So that the contrary in all maner DOST Cop, lb; Whiting Scots I 152. of vi^se Must hele hys contrary, as physyk doth C423 As red as Coral devyse. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 2859[В4049]: His coomb was redder than the fyn coral. Svartengren 247. C415 Of two Contraries is one lore (learning) cI385 Chaucer TC i 645: Sith thus of two con- C424 A Cord is a good thing, but not knit to a traries is о lore. al400 Of Faith in Wyclif EW man's throat 350[22]: Sith philosopheres seyn that contra- cl380 Wyclif De Papa in EW 476[3-6]: And a ries han ООП lore. alSOO Medwall Nature coorde is a good thing, and faste knytting therH4''[39-41]: Of .ii. contrarys there ys but one with is good bothe to man and to beeste in lemyng, That ys to say, whan thou knowyst well plasis where it wolde do good; but knytte this that on. The other contrary ys knowen anon. coorde to mannus throte and it myghte soone See E166. strangle this man. See note, pp. 534-5.

Cord

98

C425 The Cord which is always bent sometimes breaks 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners F l ' ' [ l l - 2 ] : The corde whiche is allewaye bente or stratched somtyme breketh. Cf. Tilley B561. See B478. C426 As hard as a Core al500 Croxton Sacrament in Waterhouse 79.679: That styckyth at my hart as hard as a core. NED Core sb.i lb. C427 As thick as Corn when it is sown c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 186.6295-6: Ne corn In lend is thikker sawen, That he ne scies oure men, II 383.12995-6: The Peple lay as thikke as . . . the com whan it was sawe.

C425 aside, c l 4 3 3 St. Edmund 414.1011-2: Off the trouthe gadren out the com And voide the chaff of prolixité, a 1439 Fall I 2.24: Out of old chaff trie out ful cleene corn, II 471.5107-8: So of that lynage he hath the weed upshorn. Fond among alle no greyn of good(e) corn. III 924.199: With litil greyn your chaff ye can abuse, 1012.3297: Voideth the weed, of vertu tak the com, 1439 St. Albon 127.21: Good graine from chaf was discemed. 1447 Bokenham 2.46-7: Who is so nyce that wil good corn Awey caste for it growyth in chaf? al449 Lydgate De Profundis in MP I 78.24: Voyde the chaff, and gadryn out the com. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 23.734: As undir Chaaf is Closyd pure Com. al475 Assembly of Gods 60.2070-1: Take therof the best and let the worst be—Try out the come dene from the chaff. al475 Ludus Coventriae 193.170-1: Come that is good man kepe it ful dene, Chaff that is sympyl is sett wul nere at nought. c l 4 7 5 Mankind 2.43: The com xall be savyde, the chaffe xall be brente, 3.46, 55. 1481 Caxton Mirror 48[20-l]: Alle in lyke wyse shal it be of them that leve the good grayn for the chaff, 1484 Royal Book F6'"[l-2]: The chaffe emonge the come, L7''[28]: For he fyndeth more chaffe than grayn, R6^[13-4]: As grete dyfference as bytwene the chaffe and the come. al496 Rote or Myrour B7''[17-8]: The purgynge of the corn fro the chafe, с 1500 Greene Carols 116.1: Oute of the chaffe was pured this come. 1506 Kalender 169.16: And the chaffe fro the come dene out to trye. MED chaf 4(c); Whiting Drama 339:469, Scots I 148, 152. Cf. Oa/ord 110: In much com; Tilley C659. See D374, F693, 8824, W205.

C428 Com (grain) and chafiF (weed) {variously contrasted) C1200 Orm I 49.1482-3: And siththenn winndwesst tu thin com, And fra the chaff itt shaedesst, 51.1531-2, II 9.10482-5: Himm shollde brinngenn inn hiss hannd Hies winndell forr to winndwenn. And forr to clennsenn himm hiss corn. And fra the chaff to shaedenn. al300 Pembroke College Cambridge Library MS.265 in M. R. James Catalogue (Cambridge, 1905) 244[9]: The kom fro chaf is departud. al325 Cursor III 1444.25248-9: Com sal fra the caf be dene, The gode sal fra the wie be draun. 1340 Ayenbite 62[22-4]: The lyeyere is amang the men . . . ase thet chef amang the com, 137[27-8]: Vor he y-zizth more ynogh of chef thanne of com. cl340 Rolle Psalter 159 (43.7): We sail drife thaim fra us, as cafe fra come. cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 701-2: Me list nat of the chaf, ne of the stree, Maken so long a tale as of the com. al393 Cower CA II 28.844-5: The chaf is take for the com. As forto speke of Romes C429 Com seldom grows without some weeds myht, 187.2127: And bringe chaf and take com, cl421 Lydgate Thebes 183.4558-9: For seelde 347.1709-10: It were a schort beyete To winne in feldys groweth eny com But yif some wede chaf and lese whete. cl400 Vices and Virtues spryng up ther-among. See C361. 60.20-1: The lyyere fareth as a fais репу among the goode and as chaf doth among the com, C430 His Com (provender) pricks him 136.9: And seeth wel more chaf than com. cl408 cl385 Chaucer TC i 218-9: As proude Bayard Lydgate Reson 167.6387-8: That wel ys him gynneth for to skippe Out of the weye, so that kan befom The chaffe dessever fro the pryketh hym his corn. 1546 Heywood D 44.98-9: corn, al420 Troy I 5.150-1: Of the dede the For whan provander prickt them a little tyne. verreie trewe com. So as it fil severid from They did as thy wife and thou did, 1555 E the chaf, cl421 Thebes 3-4.55-6: Voyding the 188.236: His provender prickth him. Apperson Chaf sothly for to seyn, Enlumynyng the trewe 515; Oxford 522; Tilley C665, P615. Cf. Taylor piked greyn, 1426 Title and Pedigree in MP II and Whiting 268: Oats. 620.278: The chaf to voide and take the tme corne, al430 Pilgrimage 268.9755: Leff the C431 Many small Corns make a mickle load for a horse chaff, and tak the com, 1431 Defence in MP I 33.82-3: Wherfor I rede the greyn and purid al400 Pricke 93.3417-21: And tharfor the poet corne Thow cherissh wel, and lay the chaff on this wyse says: De minimis grants fit Maxima summa caballo. "Als of many smale comes es

C447

99

Council

made Til a hors bak a mykel lade." al415 Mirk C442 In a Comer Festial 100.31-3; For r y ^ t as a man may wyth al395 WBible Deeds (Acts) xxvi 26: For nether mony smal comys overcharche a strong hors. in a comere was ought of these thingis don. Walther I 621-2. See D413, L402, S559. 01475 Mankind 24.637: Ye, ande hys fayer wyff halsyde in a comere. cl545 Heywood Four PP C432 No good Com may grow of froward (bad) Bl"'[2]: Have ye nat a wanton in a comer? seed al439 Lydgate Fall II 588.116: Of froward seed C443 In the Comer of a cartwheel may growe no good(e) com. Apperson 325: 111 al387 Piers С xvi 161-2: And bere hit (Patience) seed. in thy bosom abowte wher thou wendest. In C433 Out of good Com men may weed darnel the comer of a cart-whel with a crowe croune. MED comer n. (1) 8(d): "a jocular phrase of (a weed) aI439 Lydgate Fall I 190.6732: Out off good obscure significance."

com men may sum darnel weede. Apperson C444 To creep in every Comer of one's great 460: No wheat. Cf. Oxford 110: In much corn; bag Tilley C659. 1131 Peterborouφ Chronicle I 262[4-7]: Her him tmcode ealle his mycele craftes. Nu him C434 To be more than Corns in granges cl380 Chaucer HF 697-8: And eke of loves moo be hofed {jat he crape in his mycele codde in eschaunges Then ever comes were in graunges. aelc hyme, gif {jaer waere hure an unwreste wrenc ¡jat he mihte get beswicen anes Crist C435 To buy (sell) Com in grass and eall Cristene fole. cl400 Vices and Virtues 32.9: Summe bien the com in gras, or wyn whan it bloweth. al500 C445 The Corser (horse-dealer) has his palfrey Proverbs of Salomon 195.6.6: He doyth but dight (made ready) selle hys come on gresse. Whiting NC 38. Cf. al475 Good Wyfe Wold 173.24: The corsser hathe his palfrey dyght all reydy for to sell. Tilley C656. See note, p. 233. C436 To fly about as Com when it is sown cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 98.230: C446 The more Cost the less avail 1401 Treuth, reste, and pes in Kail 12.91: The That the peces a-boute flowen ase com hwane more cost, the lesse avayle. Cf. Apperson 426: man it sev ( for sew). More cost. C437 To meng (mix) Com with drawk (o weed) and damel (a weed) C447 Come not to Council but if you are cl475 Mankind 20.530: I xall menge hys come cleped (called) (varied) with drawk and with dumell. cl390 Cato (Vernon) 557.51-2: Never to counseyl that thou come, But gif thou cleped be eke. C438 To sift as one does Com or bran al400 Alexander С 38.832: And I to consaile al325 Cursor II 888.15523-4: He wil the sift un-callid I can noght thar-on. al400 Cato nu if he mai. As man dos com or bran (G: (Copenhagen) 324[23-4]: Prese nought the To corn in bam). counseil til thou clepid be. al440 Burgh Cato 304.17-9: And be thow never to smert To here C439 To sow Com in the sea-sand mennys counseil; but kepe the thens. Till thow cl522 Skelton Speke II 17.342: To sowe come be clepyd. al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 451.46: in the see sande, ther wyll no crope growe. Cometh to counsail or he callyd be, 453.122. Tilley S87. See G441. с1450 Foly of Fulys 62.359-60: Thai cum C440 To sway down (fall) as Com before the wncallyt to consaill. And syne thai can na-thing scythe consaill. cl450 Go way. Fore that in Lumby al400 Alexander С 222.3970-1: Thai swey doun Ratis Raving 9.14: To conseil cum thow nocht as swiftly tha swart men of ynde, As evire did wncald. 1451 Paston II 246[13-4]: And I told corne in a croft be-fore a kene sithe. cl440 hym it was no cúrtese to medyll hym in a Prose Alexander 72.3-4: Bot the Indienes fell mater butt if he wer callyd to councell. 1483 thikfalde in the batell as come dose in the Caxton Cato B4''[32-3]: Thou oughtest not to felde be-fore the sythe. goo to no counceyl before that thou be called therto. al500 Lydgate Stani Puer (expanded C44I Beware of Comers 1509 Barclay Ship 1170[l-2]: Beware of comers, version) in F. J. Fumivall ed. Queene Elizabethes Achademy (EETS ES 8, 1869) 61.167: do nat your erys aply To pleasaunt wordes.

Counsel

100

Com not to counsell bot if thou be callyd. alSOO Young Children's Book 19.55: Un-callyd go thou to no counselle. Oxford 103; Tilley C678; Whiting Scots I 152. See A5, G486, 020, S167.

C448

cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1048[В2238]: "I see wel," quod this wise man, "that the commune proverbe is sooth, that 'good conseil wanteth whan it is moost nede.'" Apperson 115.

C448 Better take Counsel at first than repent C459 He that cannot hide Counsel may not fail too late of woe (varied) cl450 Epistle of Othea 81.8-9: Better is at the al393 Gower CA II 245.727-30: For who that fyrst, concell for to take, Then after to repent, can no conseil hyde. He mai noght faile of wo when hytt is to late. See F439, R84. beside. Which schal befalle er he it wite. As I finde in the bokes write. aI450 Myne awen dere C449 Counsel is most useful c900 Maxims in Exeter Book 160.118: Raed bi{) 162.401-4: Better it is still to hald Than efter rewe when it is talde. And therfore, sone, nyttost. everemore hafe doute Baldly to tell thy counseil C450 The Counsel of a wise man helps mickle oute. al350 Castelford 68.21607-10: Consaile of A man that es wise Helpes mikel in speding for C460 He that follows the Counsel of his foe to rise. Wise mannes consail ful mikel spedes must burst or bend Esplait (success) to haf, quhen comes to dedes. alSOO Proverbs of Salomon 179.18.5-6: He muste nedys breste or bende That foloweth the Smith 39. counsell of hys foo. C451 The Counsel of many wise men is better than that of one man C461 If you are happy keep your own Counsel cl400 Spiritus Guydonü 294[13-4]: The counseil alSOO Hill 133.18: Yf thow be happy, kepe of mony wyse men is beter then the counseil of thyn own cownsayle. о mon al-one. Cf. Gast of Guy 6.99-102. C462 If you may not hide your own Counsel, C452 The Counsel of young men is sometimes how dare you pray another to keep it? (varied) good, but that of the old commonly better cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1147[В2337 : For Seneca 1450 Diets 136.4-5: The counsaile of yonge men seith: "If so be that thou ne mayst nat thyn somtyme is good, bot that of the olde is comonly owene conseil hyde, how darstou prayen any better. See A69, M252. oother wight thy conseil secrely to kepe?" al450 C453 Counsel passes all things to him who Myne awen dere 161.397-8: How soulde he thy counsaill hele That thyne awen hart can noght thinb to be a king al393 Gower CA III 443.2109-10: For conseil consele? 1450 Diets 98.14-5: If thou maist not passeth alle thing To him which thenkth to kepe thine owne counsail, muche les may he kepe (it) to whomme thou telles it. cl450 Idley ben a king. 86.344-5: How shold thow my counceill heele C454 Counsel will out That thyn owne not kepe can? a1475 Ashby al420 Lydgate Troy III 709.4951^: But soth is Dicta 78.776-7: He that can not kepe his owne seid of ful yore a-goon Of olde wyse, that secretnesse, How shold a nother kepe it in counseil is ther noon In al this wor(l)d so prively sadnesse? 1477 Rivers Dictes 51[l-2]: And said y-cast That it wil oute, platly, at the last. See if thou can not kepe thyn own secretes, moche E23, M806. lesse woll he kepe hit to whom thou hast told hit to. al500 I saw ane rob in Banrmtyne II C455 Good Counsel is good for him that will 207.41-2: A man that will his awin counsale do after it discure. How suld ane uthir man it keip. 1509 1481 Caxton Reynard 75[8-9]: Good counseyl Barclay Ship I 246[6-7]: For howe wylt thou is good for hym that wil doo ther after. thynke that another man Can kepe thy coimsell syns thou thy selfe ne can. Apperson 115; OxC456 Good Counsel is good to hear al393 Gower CA II 8.156: For good consail ford 112; Tilley C682; Whiting Scots I 152. is good to hiere. Cf. Jente 644. C463 If you show your Counsel to every man C457 Good Counsel is good to lere (learn) some shall deceive you cl380 Ferumbras 77.2354: God counsail is god al500 Att my begynnyng in Rawlinson MS. to lere. С 813 323.11-2: YflF thou showe thy counsell C458 Good Counsel wants when it is needed to every man. Some shall disceyve the, thou wottes nott when. most

C470

101

C464 It is more sure to take Counsel than to give alSOO Imitaüone (1) 10.20-2; I have herde ofte tymes that it is more sure to here and to take counseile than to yeve counseile. C465 Take no Counsel of a fool C1390 Chaucer CT VII I173[B2363]: For Salomon seith, "Taak no conseil of a fool." cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus viii 20: Have thou not councel with foolis. Tilley C697. See F425. C466 Tell not your Counsel to a fool cl280 King Solomon's Book in Adam Davy 83.55: To fool ne to non uncouth man thi conseil (thou) ne telle. MED fol 4b(d). C467 Tell not your Counsel to your foe al450 Myne awen dere 157.268-72: Tell nevere thy counsell till thy fa, No do nevere efter his counsaill All if he svinare it soulde the vaili. All that he says, trowe thou it wele. Is for thy skathe evere ilke a dele. See F366, S512. C468 Tell not your privy Counsel to him that it may not avail cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.15-6: Tel not thi prevy counsell To hym that may it noght avayle. See F384. C469 To cry one's Counsel at the cross (varied) C1400-25 Legat Sermon 7-8.33-4: For God is for-bed that i schulde crie ate eros al that ever i schulde finde writen e mi book. cl415 Middle English Sermons 102.23-4: God hereth hem as lithly as thoo that thei were cried at the crosse. al450 Partonope 306.7679-80: I hadde as lefe my counseylle crye In London atte crosse in Chepe. alSOO Counsels in Brown Lyrics XV 284.38: Ner (let) thy councell at the crosse be cryde. ciSOO Skelton Dyvers Balettys I 24.36: It can be no counsell that is cryed at the eros. 1556 Heywood Spider 293[20-l]: But sins ye will have counsell cride at the crosse, I wyll disclose. Oxford 121; Tilley C841; Whiting NC 471: Secrets. C470 Work all by Counsel and you shall not rue (varied) al050 Defensor Liber 200[12]: Butan gejieahte naht 1эи do, and aefter daede Jsu na daedbetst. aI338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 539.15551-2: "Conseil," seid Cadwalyn, "he schuld take; Als conseil gaf, so schulde men make." 1340 Ayenbite 159[2-4]: Ine an othre stede zayth he (Solomon). "Do be red al thet thou dest, and efterward hit ne ssel the vorthenche." cl380 Ferumbras 77.2344: Ho that ne wol bi conseil dan, som tyme hym schal mone. cl390 Chaucer

Counsel CT I[A] 3529-30: For thus seith Salomon, that was ful trewe, "Werk al by conseil, and thou shalt nat rewe," VII 1003[B2193]: Salomon seith: "Werk alle thy thynges by conseil, and thou shalt never repente." cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 546.357-60: With-outen counseil do no gret thing; Aftur that dede thou schal have good knowing That gode counseyl dude the profyte, With-outen whuche thou scholdest had lyte. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1483-6: To weyven fro the word of Salomon. This word seyde he unto us everychon: "Wirk alle thyng by conseil," thus seyde he, "And thanne shaltow nat repente thee." cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xxxii 24: Sone, do thou no thing with out councel; and aftir the dede thou schalt not repente. al400 Benjamin Minor in Yorkshire Writers I 170[34-5]: Forwy he that dus all thyng with consaile, hym sail newere forthynk it. cl400 Vices and Virtues 158.4-5: (Solomon) seith, "Do bi counseil al that thou dost, and whan al is ydo thou schalt not repente the," 188.28-9: Ne do no thing withoute good counseil, and after the dede thou schalt not repente the. 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 28.85-6: To doon as that Salomon wroot and mente. That redde men by conseil for to werke. cl408 Lydgate Reson 109.4150-2: For who wil nat by counsayl werk(e). Ful ofte sith to his reprefe Falleth in sorowe, and meschefe, 110.4197-9: And by recorde of thise clerkys Counsayl is good in al(Ie) werkys. As storyes telle mo than oon, 111.4223-6: By which example to hys avayl Ech man werke by counsayl. And take on him non empryse Without(e) consayl of the wyse. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 124.391: And Salomon bit aftir conseil do, 126.451-2. al425 Rule of St. Benet (1) 8.4-6: Als haly writ bidis: "Omnia fac cum Consilio—Alle thing do wid cunsale, and eftir the dede sal the noht mis-like." cl440 Prose Alexander 13.36-7: Bot aide men wirkes all by consaile and by witte. al450 Myne awen dere 167-8.587-8: Do nothinge withouten counsell, And thou sail nevere of gode ende fayle. cl450 Foly of Fulys 59.251: All thing thai vi^rk with wyss consaill. cl450 Idley 84.239-40: Werke be counceill, as seith the wyse. And thou shalt not lightly the repent. al471 Ashby Policy 22.281: The wiseman saithe do all thinge with counseil. 1484 Caxton Royal Book N3''[21-3]: He (Solomon) sayth also in another place, Doo by good counceyll alle that thou shake doo. And thenne thou shalte not repente the, 08''[28-30]. 1491 Rule of St. Benet (3) 120.23-5: Accordynge to scripture that seyth: "Doo all thynges wyth counseyle and thou shall not repente after." 1492 Saloman

Counse/

102

and Marcolphus 13[ll-2]: Do alle thynges by counsell and thou shalt not aftre forthinke it. 1523 Berners Froissart III 217[3I-3]: Worke by counsayle, and ye shall alweys be so well counsayled, that every man shall prayse you. Curt F. Bühler in Speculum 24(1949) 410-2; Whiting Drama 136, 284, Scots I 152. See A58, M176, 302.

C471 al400 Ipomadon A 9.220-3: The wyse man and the boke seys: In a cowrte who so dwell alweys, Full littill good shall he con, 10.268-70: In a courtte who ay soioyrons so And se the maner of no moo. Of no mo they can. с14в0 Ipomadon С 324.37-8: For the wise man saith, he was never wele taght man of a court ne of oo scole. See S90.

C480 In Court a man must sail after every wind C471 Wray {reveal) not your privy Counsel cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.123: Thi prevy cownsel cl515 Barclay Eclogues 97.1145-6: In court must a man sayle after every winde, Himselfe do thou not wrye. conforming to every mans minde. See W317. C472 Counselling is no commandment cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 67: But conseillyng C481 Neither of Court nor of council is no comandement. cl395 WBible I Corinthians 1546 Heywood D 52.364: I was neyther of vii 25: But of virgyns Y have no comaundement court nor of coimsayle made. Apperson 116; of God; but Y gyve counseil. cl449 Pecock Oxford 113; Tilley C727. Repressor II 316[3-4]: An ensaumpling of C482 Young Courtiers oft are beggars in their counseil and not of comaundement. Apperson age 115; Oxford 112; Tilley C681; Whiting Scote cl515 Barclay Eclogues 93.1055-6: And an olde I 152. Proverbe is sayde by men moste sage. That C473 The Counselling of women is either too oft yonge courters be beggers in their age. Apperson 116-7; Oxford 738; Tilley C737. dear or too little of price cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1096[В2286]: Eek som C483 Covenant is avenant (horwrable) men han seyd that the conseillynge of wommen cI450 Douce MS.52 53.102: Covenaunt is is outher to deere, or elles to litel of pris. avenaunt. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.7. See C474 He that defends himself in his own B214. Country has a prerogative C484 Fast Covenant makes easy ending al420 Lydgate Troy I 333.6598-600: For he is cl450 Rylands MS.394 105.21: Faste convenaunt sothe hath a prerogatyf And a-vauntage, that makes hesye endynge. in his contre Hym silfe diffendith. See C350. C485 A foolish Covenant ought not to be held C475 The more Countrymen the worse Cisco Fabyan 234[40]: A nyce folysshe covencI450 Douce MS.52 55.123: The mo cuntremen, aunte ought nat to be holden. See 013, T197. the worse. cl450 Rylands MS.394 105.5. cl470 Harley MS. 3362 f.2b in Retrospective 309[19]. C486 Hence to Coventry 1533 Heywood Johan АЗ'И: That is the most Jente 462. bawde hens to Coventre. C476 Courage is best for those who must suffer C487 A meet Cover for such a cup great misery a800 Guthlac in Exeter Book 87.1348-9: Ellen 1532 More Confutación 342 E[6-7]: A verye bi{3 selast ¡зат ¡je oftost sceal Dreogan dryhten- mete cover for suche a cuppe. Tilley C742, 906. bealu. Cf, Smith 40, 41. C488 None Covet more than those who have C477 A noble Courage cannot lie cl505 Watson Valentine 103.29-30: For it is enough commonly sayde that a noble courage can not cl430 Lydgate Dance 44.336: No(ne) more coveite than thei that have ynow. See C449, lye. Cf. Tilley H316. W713. C478 Furthest from Court, greatest with the C489 Covetise is mother of poverty (varied) lord al449 Lydgate Tyed in MP II 832.19: Furthest al387 Higden-Trevisa III 475[11]: Covetise is moder of povert. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] fro court, grettest with the lorde. 1187-90: He that coveiteth is a povre wight, C479 He that dwells always in one Court shall For he wolde han that is nat in his myght; But he that noght hath, ne coveiteth have. Is con (learn) little good (varied)

C49]

103

riche, although ye holde hym but a knave. Apperson 117-8; Whiting Scots I 153. See C494.

Covetíse M568, S479; Whiting Scots I 133: Avarice. See F596.

C490 Covetise is natural to the old (varied) C491 Covetise (Avarice) is the root (mother, cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1368-9: My fader, as ye ground) of all evils knowen wel, parde. Is old, and elde is ful of a900 Alfred Gregory 73.2-3: ^Ices yfeles wyrtcoveytise, cl390 CT I[A] 3883-5: Foure gleedes truma waere ö®t mon wilnode hwelcre gitsunge. han we, which I shal devyse,—Avauntyng, clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 256[17]: Ac seo gytliyng, anger, coveitise; Thise foure sparkles sung is ealra yfelra Singa wyrtruma, II 410[2-3]: longen unto eelde. al400 Wyclif Sermons I Seo grœdignys is, swa swa se apostol Paulus 411 [8-9]: And coveitise of worldli goodis lastith cwasS, wyrtruma œlces yfeles, 462[9], Lives I ever with him (man). cI4I5 Middle English 356.280-1: Se {>ridda leahter is avaritia, {laet is Sermons 210.2-3: For be a man never so old, he seo yfele gitsung. And seo is wyrtruma aslcere is as freshe in covetyse as is the yongest man wohnysse. al023 Wulfstan Homilies 203.74-6: in a countree. al450 Castle 80.92-5: Hard a Se apostol cwaeS: Radix omnium malorum est man is in age, and Covetouse be kynde; Whanne cupiditas. Gitsung is wyrtruma, he cwaeÖ, aeghall other synnys man hath for-sake, Evere the vi^lces yfeles. alOSO Defensor Liber 110[6-7]: more that he hath, the more he is in his mynde Paulus se apostol saede, wyrtruma ys soSlice To gader and to gete good with woo and with ealra yfela graedignyss. cll75 Twelfth Century wrake, 151.2502-3: Com on, olde mani it is no Homilies 134.9-10: Theo graedignesse is, swa reprefe That Coveytyse be thee lefe. al450 swa the apostolus Paulus saede, rotae of ylc Gesta 47[17-9]: And therfore seith Seneca, ufel. al200 Ancrene 105-6.1-2: Al is gisceunge Cum omnia peccata senescunt, sola cupiditas and rote of deadlich simne. al225 Lambeth iuvenescit. This is to sey. When all vices wexith Homilies (Aelfric) 103[14-5]: Avaricia, thet is old, oonly Covetise wexith yong, that is to sey, theo úfele gitsunge; heo is more of elchere in an old man, 127 (Second Version) [8-9]. wohnesse. 1340 Ayenbite 34[18-20]: The zenne с1450 How mankinde dooth in Fumi vail Hymns of avarice and of covaytyse thet is rote of alle 74.519-20: Quod Coveitise, "age hath me kveade, ase zayth zaynte paul. cl340 Rolle highte; Suget to me he dooth him binde." Psalter 144 (38.10): Avarice . . . is rote of all cl450 Ratis 39.1376-9: Bot ay the eldar that synnes. cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection thow bee. The mar the vyce (Covetise) encoverys 16.507-8: Of alle maner uvei the rote Is avarice the. And makis the bot a kepar knawin Quhar iclept and ihote. al384 Wyclif Ten Commandthow suld lord be of thin awin. cl450 Speculum ments in SEW III 90[8-10]: And herfore, seith Christiani (2) 66.24-6: When other vices wexen Seynt Paul, that the roote of all yvelis is olde wyth us, oonly covetyse wexes yonge in wicldde coveitise in a mannys soule. cl390 olde men. al470 Parker Dives Α6··[1.24-30]: Chaucer CT VI[C] 334: Radix malorum est CuCovetyse reygneth moost in olde folke. . . . piditas, 426, VII 1130[B2320]: For the Apostle Pryde is fyrste in у ou the, covetyse last in age, seith that coveitise is roote of alle harmes, 1840 Z3''[1.14-7]: For in olde folke whan al other [B3030], X[I] 739. cl395 WBible I Timothy vi temptacyons cesse, than is temptacyon of co10: For the rote of alle yvelis is coveytise. vetyse of the eye and of worldely good moost aI400 Destruction of Troy 383.11774-5: brennynge. el475 Wisdom 53.532-3: So to Covetous . . . That rote is and rankist of all covetyse he xall wende. For that enduryth to the rif syns. al400 Lavynham 6.27-8. aI400 the last ende. al500 Medwall Nature D4^[8Pauline Epistles 219 (1 Timothy vi 10). al400 10]: Mary, whan hys hed waxeth hore Than WycUf Sermons II 334[l-2]: Poul biddith at shalbe good season To folow covetyse and hys the first that Cristen men coveite not yvel way. cl500 Greene Carols 350.4: Whan' all thingis, bi yvel desires, for this is rote of othir thynges fall away. Than covetyse begyneth to synnes. cl400 De Apostasia in Wyclif SEW III play. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 288.5612-3: 433[14-5]. cl400 Order of Priesthood in Wyclif The olde man lyveth and dieth with covetise, EW 173[14-5]: Covetise . . . ground of alle 352.7658-9: The disordinate covetise of the synnes, as poul seith. cl400 Paues 115 (1 Timolde persons. 1534 More Passion 1297 G[8-12]: othy vi 10). cl400 Scottish Troy 240.395-7: But covetice canne nothynge gette awaye. For Inne the which dame Averyce Fastenede hyre the more full, the more greedye, and the elder rotes at devyce. That moder is of alkyne wice. the more nygarde, and the rycher the more cl400 Vices and Virtues 30.6-7. al410 Love needye. Apperson 118; Oxford 592; Tilley Mirrour 139[l-2]: Depe covetise that is the

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104

foulest vice and roote and cause of many other vices. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 170.4733-4: This makith covetise or Avarice Roote of al harmes, fo to conscience. al415 Lanterne 128.16-7. al420 Lydgate Troy I 22.356-7: Covetise, Grounde and rote of wo and al meschaunce, III 735.5863-4, 736.5879-80: This false werme, moder and norice Of al meschef and of every vice. al425 Contemplations in Yorkshire Writers II 80[36-7]: I rede where that the synne of covetyse is in a man, that man is made subgect to all other vyces, 81[l-2]. al425 Higden-Anon. Cont. VIII 455[27]: This sede was avarice, the roote of alle synne, 505[44-5]: О thou covetyse, moder of vices. 1435 Misyn Fire 5.7. al439 Lydgate Fall II 448.4277, 454.4476-7. cl440 Scrope Epistle of Othea 106[2-4]. 01449 Pecock Repressor II 555[8-12]: But so it is, that love to money (and namelich greet love to money) is worthi to be forbom, as experience weel schewith, for that it is moder of passing myche yvel, and, as Poul seith, it is "the roote of al yvel." al450 Castle 150.2454-7: Ther is no dysese nor debate Thorwe this wyde werld so rounde, Tyde nor tyme, erly nor late, But yet Coveytyse is the grounde. cl450 Consail and Teiching 73.261. cl450 Epistle of Othea 136.13-4. cl450 Jacob's Well 118.12-3,119.30-1. cl450 Kofis 36.1252-3: Cowatice That is modir of ilk vryce. cl450 feodum Christiani (2) 66.6. 1456 Hay Knychthede 57.32-3: It (Avarice) is rute of all wikkitnesse. Law 27.34-5. al470 Parker Dives Al''[2.25-8]: For covetyse of richesses more than is nedefull to a man for to have is rote of all evylles, a4''[2.13-5]: Sayth saynt Poule that covetyse is rote of all maner wyckednesse, Q5^'[1.32-3], X7^[1.24], Ζ2··[2.20-1]: It is rote and begynnyng of every evyll. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 662.7: Avaryce is moder of all vyces, 1474 Chesse 110[27-8]: Seneque reherceth in the book of the cryes of women that avarice is the foundement of alle vices, 1483 Cato B8''[33]: Avarice is cause and the roote of alle synnes. Golden Legende 117** (by error 118) [2.20-1], 1484 Ordre of Chyvalry 100.15-6: Avaryce . . . whiche is moder and rote of all evyls and of treson. Royal Book D6''[26-8], N1"· (by error 4)[20-l]: The covetyses of the world, whyche is the rote of alle vyces. 1490 Irlande Meroure 53.27. al500 Compleint in Findern Anthology PMLA 69(1954) 640[bef«;een 7 and 8]. al507 Dunbar The Dance 121.55-6. 1509 Watson Ship M3''[7]: Avaryce, moder of all evylles. al529 Skelton Boke of Three Fooles I 201 [4]: Avaryce, mother of all evylles. al533

C492 Berners Castell L4^[4-5]. 1533 More Confutación 544 В[14-5]. Apperson 117-8; Taylor and Whiting 230; Tilley C746; Whiting Drama 123, Scots I 153. See E176.

C492 Covetise never rests al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 92.2571-2: Bot Covetyse that nevere restes, Venym amonges men hit kestes. C493 Through Covetise some lose goods and life cl470 Wallace 126.521: Throuch cowatys sum losis gud and lyff. C494 He that is Covetous is poor 1450 Diets 38.1-2: If thou be covetouse, thou schalt be pore. See C489. C495 Over Covetous was never good 1481 Caxton Reynard 95[35]: Over covetous was never good. Oxford 115. C496 As bald as a Cow al400 Hunting of the Hare 287.187: Sym, that was balyd lyke a kow. C497 As great as a Cow cl350 Libeaus 74.1344 c-d (var.): He is also grete. As is a . . . kowe. C498 As rough as a Cow al300 Alisaunder 311.5946: He was mghher than any ku. C499 A Cow in a cage cl405 Mum 20.260-2: For it fallith as well to fodis of xxiiij yeris. Or yonge men of yistirday to geve good redis, As becometh a kow to hoppe in a cage! al475 Asneth 227.14-5: Hit ys not fetis for to see a cowe in a cage. Ye desire to make a fool of my lordis ape. 1546 Heywood D 60.45-6: She is in this mariage As comely as is a cowe in a cage. Apperson 118; Oxford 104; Tilley C747. C500 He that feeds his Cow well eats often of the milk 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[19-20]: He that fedyth well is cowe etyth often of the mylke. C501 It becomes one as well as a Cow to bear a saddle cl450 Chaunce 12.258-9: Now trewly yow becometh al your gare As wel as Cowe a sadel to bere. Apperson 118; Oxford 28; Tilley C758; Whiting Ballad 35. See D311. C502 Many a good Cow brings forth a sorry (evil) calf 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 72.18-9: It is comenly

C518

105

Craft

sayd: many a good kowe bryngeth forthe a sory C 5 1 2 As the Crab goes forward (i.e., not at all) calfe. 1546 Heywood D 39.141: But many a a1449 Lydgate So as the Crabbe in MP II 466-7.8: So as the crabbe gothe forward, 16, good coowe hath an evill caulfe. Apperson 119; 24, 32, 40, 48, 467.56: Howe that the crabbe Oxford 251; Tilley C761. goothe bakward. 1533 More Confutación 632 C 5 0 3 T o hip (hop) like a Cow F [ 1 4 - 5 ] : For lo thus creepeth he forward lyke a a l 4 0 0 Pricke 43.1539: And some gas hypand als crabbe. a ka. C504 To ear (plow) with another's Cow Calf C513 The greatest Crabs are not all the best meat (quey [heifer]) 1546 Heywood D 50.294: But the greattest c l 3 9 5 WBible Judges xiv 18: If ye hadden not crabs be not all the best meate. Apperson 120; erid in шу cow calf, that is, my wiif ye hadden Oxford 117; Tilley C786. See C 2 9 I . not founde my proposicioim. c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun II 286.221-6: " H a d nocht your telche (var. C 5 1 4 One Crab blames another for her backtilche) bene wrocht With my quhy, yit had ye ward pace nocht Fundin my propositioun;" As quha say of a l 2 2 5 Lambeth Homilies 51[30-5]: Crabbe is this hid ressoune, " M y wif has tald it yow but an manere of fissce in there sea. This fis is of faill, And kepit yow out of tinsaill." Oxford swulc cunde thet ever se he mare strengthdeth 508; Tilley H395; Whiting Scote 1 187-8. See him to sw(i)mminde mid the watere, se he mare P274. swimmeth abac. And the aide crabbe seide to the yunge, hwi ne swimmest thu forthwarth in C505 Whoso bulls my Cow the calf is ever there sea alse other fisses doth, and heo seide, mine Leofe moder, swim thu foren me and tech me 1304 Ralph of Hengham in Essays in Medieval History Presented to T. F. Tout, ed. A. G. Little hu ic seal swimmen forthward. 1509 Barclay Ship I 203[8]: One crab blamys another for hir and F. M. Powicke (Manchester, 1925) 196, n. bacwarde pace, 237[15-6]: The yonge crab 3: E t tunc dixit Hengham: W o so boleth myn bacwarde doth crepe or go As doth the olde, kyn, ewerc (for ewere) is the calf myn. M E D none can hir cours redres. Cf. Apperson 154; bolen; Tilley C765. Oxford 148; Tilley D394. See D 2 8 1 , F 3 5 9 , C 5 0 6 At good need a Coward cowers behind P397. a l 3 0 0 Alisaunder 115.2053: At gode nede coward behynde coureth. C 5 1 5 A sour Crabtree has a fair bud a l 5 0 0 О man more 393.11: A sowre crabtre hathe C 5 0 7 By one Coward a whole work is somea faire budde. See C376. times left and lost c l 5 0 0 Melusine 140.30-1: For by one only C 5 1 6 T h e greatest Crackers (boasters) are not the boldest men Cowarde and feynted herte is sometyme lefte 1509 Barclay Ship I 198[14]: For greattest and loste al a hoole werke. crakers ar nat ay boldest men, c l 5 2 3 Mirrour C 5 0 8 A Coward never has fair love 76[18]: For the greatest crakers are not the 1480 Caxton Ovyde 47[19-20]: Therfore it is boldest men. Apperson 272; Tilley B489; sayde comunely that a Coward hath never Whiting Drama 231. See B46, 415, C636. fayre love. C517 All Crafts (tricks) are coldly rewarded C 5 0 9 A Coward will never show mercy c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 14.38: Craefta gehwilc a l 4 7 0 Malory III 1114.26-7: Than woll a cowbyj) cealde forgolden. (O)mne ingenium arde never shew mercy. Apperson 120; Oxford accerbior rependitur. 116; Tilley C778. See M91. C518 As great a Craft is keep well as win C 5 1 0 The veriest Coward that ever pissed (varied) 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 22.21: He is c l 3 8 5 Chaucer ГС iii 1633-4: For also seur as the veryest cowherde that ever pyst. Imbellreed is every fir, As gret a craft is kepe wel as issimus est omnibus. Tilley K120. Wynne. a l 3 8 7 Higden-Trevisa I 2 3 5 [ l - 3 ] : That C 5 1 1 As sour as the Crab (apple) this is lasse maistrie, to wynne and to conquere, a l 4 7 5 Tree 97.18: The mydill is soure as the than it is to kepe and to save that that is crabbe. Oxford 606: wer; Tilley C783; Whiting conquered and i-wonne. 1464 Hardyng 422[24]: NC 388: Crabapple. For lightter bee thei for to wynne, then holde.

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C519

Oxford 332; Skeat 185. Cf. Apperson 337: C531 As still as a Crag al400 Scottish Legends II 394.255-6: For unKeep(4); Tilley K12. See H412, КЗ. sterit scho stud stil As a crag, to byd godis wil. C519 Craft is all cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2016: For craft is al, C532 To seek the Crammels (crumbs) in the rissoles (an entrée made with crumbs) {i.e., to whoso that do it kan. waste time) C520 Craft is better than idleness 1340 Ayenhite 253[9-10]: The bysye other the 1483 Caxton Cato D6'"[14-5]: For it is sayd malancolien they byeth ylich than thet zekth comynly that crafte is battre than the ydelnesse. the crammeles ine Üie rassoies, other than thet zekth thet vel ine the aye other thane knotte C521 Craft is better than the sparhawk 1483 Caxton Cato H6^[l-2]: ft is sayd in a ine the resse. comyn proverbe that crafte is better than the C533 To take Cranes flying sparhawke. cl500 Melusine 79.23-5: He weneth as me C522 Craft is better than wealth c900 Old English Cato 4.16-7: Craeft byS betre {)one aeht.

semeth to take the cranes flighing (French: les grues en voilant), by my feith he Ла11 well fayll and mysse of that he hath said.

C523 Craft may attain to such thing as seems C534 To cry Crauch cl508 Dunbar Flyting 12.245: Cry crauch, thow impossible by nature al439 Lydgate Fall II 392.2264-5: Yit crafft in art our sett. See C354, 536. cas to such thyng mai atteyne, Which bi nature C534.1 To yeie (cry, say) Cravant semeth an inpossible. al200 Ancrene 149.25: Buheth him as he bit C524 He is blessed that learned a good Craft and yeieth cravant, cravant, al400 (Recluse) 137.29-30: And lithe adoun and leteth hym up in his youth al325 Hendyng С 182.4: He is iblessid oso goddis and seith cravant. cl400 Rehartes MS. in Neumowthe. That god craft lemit in is yougthe. philologische Mitteilungen 67(1966) 63.17-8: Kneuer 19-20; Schleich 250; Singer III 126. That we may venquysch our enmy. And gar him flee and "cravat" cry. See C354. See C226, Y32. C525 One's first Craft is left with one C535 Shameful Craving must have shameful 1369 Chaucer BD 791-2: I ches love to my firste nay craft; Therefore hit ys with me laft. See S240. 1549 Heywood D 46.154: Shamfull cravyng . . . must have shamefull naie. Apperson 560-1; OxC526 Sometime it is a Craft to flee from thing ford 578; Tilley C808. which in effect one hunts (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC i 747-8: Ek som tyme it is a C536 To cry Creak craft to seme fle Fro thyng whych in effect men 1523 Skelton Howe the Douty Duke Π 77.300-1: hunte faste. 1549 Heywood D 43.69-70: Folowe Gyve it up, and cry creke, Lyke an huddypeke. pleasure, and then will pleasure flee. Flee pleas- Tilley C810; Whiting Drama 340:485. See C354, ure, and pleasure will folowe thee. Apperson 534, 534.1. 222; Oxford 213; Tilley L479; Whiting Drama 276. See L487, T162. C537 As sweet as Cream al415 Mirk FesUal 233.1: Be glad and blyth, C527 There is good Craft in daubing swete as creme. Svartengren 63. ?1454 Paston II 300[13-4]: And seyth to her that ther is gode crafte in dawbyng. Apperson 121; C538 Each Creature was made of one matter Oxford 117; Tilley C803. al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 767.58: Of о mateer was maad ech creature. See A37. C528 To be of one Craft but not of one kind 1533 Heywood Weather C l ' i n ] : We be of one C539 Hasty Credence causes great hindering crafte but not of one kynde. (varied) aI410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 477.201: Hasty C529 Who swears by Craft is by craft forsworn credence hath causid gret hyndryng, 481.302-5: al420 Lydgate Troy III 744.6144: Who swereth Tauht I the nat this wisdam in sentence: To by craft is by craft forsworn. See C491. every tale brouht to the of newe, Nat hastily yeve ther-to credence. Into tyme thou knowe C530 Without Craft nothing is well behaved cl516 Skelton Magnificence 42.1350: Without that is were trewe? 482.321-2: Thou shuldist nat, aftir my sentence. To every tale yeve to hasty crafte nothynge is well behavyd.

C555

107

Crocodile

credence, al439 Fall I 134.4810-1: Hasti cre- C547 Not dread (etc.) a Cress (A number of dence is roote off al errour, A froward step- single quotations are brought together here) mooder off al good counsail. с1380 Ferumbras 168.5441-2: The Amerei ne dredeth hym noght . . . the value of a kerse. C540 As long as a man may say two Creeds cI380 Pearl 13.343: For anger gaynes the not a cI450 F. Heinrich ed. Ein mittelenglisches Medi- eresse. cl400 Beryn 31.971: This vaylith nat a zinbuch (Halle, 1896) 107[7-8]: Thenne let the karse. al425 St. Robert 67.818: Never yytt yt pacient use ther of a sponfulle at ones and holde newed (yielded) to now a eresse. in his mowth as longe as a man may say ii C548 Not set a Cress Credys. MED crede η. (2) (b). See P50. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3756: Of paramours he C541 As sooth (sicker, true) as the Creed sette nat a kers. al420 Spurious Chaucerian al300 On Serving Christ in Morris Old English line in Manly-Rickert VII 4: I sette not be Miscellany 91.16: Leve we this for sayn, soth hem a kers. al so the crede. al393 Gower CA III 26.2912: And also siker as the crede. cl395 Chaucer CT C549 Not worth a Cress VIII[G] 1047: Bileveth this as siker as your cl378 Piers В χ 17: Wisdome and witte now is Crede. al439 Lydgate Fall II 608.836: This nought worth a carse. cl385 Usk 73.109: Trewly stori, trewe as is the creede. cl440 Charles of their might is not worth a eresse. al393 Gower Orleans 37.1097: This is as trewe as crede. CA II 242.588: And so to me nys worth a kerse, al450 Castle 142.2166: Take it sothe, as mes 270.1652. Apperson 456; Oxford 118, 124; Skeat crede (mass-creed). al500 To yow, mastres in 227. Rawlinson MS. С 813 383.28: Thys ys as trew C550 As merry as a Cricket as ys your crede. cl503 More Early Poems [16] 1509 Fyftene Joyes E5^[18]: And as mery as it C[10]: Them to beleve, as surely as your crede. were a crykket. 1546 Heywood D 42.27: Mery 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 253.15: Suyth as is the as a cricket. Apperson 413; Oxford 420; Taylor creid. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 8.218: All and Whiting 84; Tilley C825. that ye say is as trewe as the crede. Svartengren 355; Tilley C819; Whiting Drama 308:76, C551 A Cripple should not шоск others for not Scots I 154. See B281, G399, P48. going upright al439 Lydgate Fall III 787.444-5: Shame for a crepil, to stonde that hath no miht. To rebuke C542 To believe as one's Creed cl450 Capgrave Katharine 333.2237: Be caught othir for thei go nat uprihtl Oxford 428; Tilley be nature, leve this as youre creede. Whiting C827. Drama 308:76, Scots I 154. C552 As dry as Critons (cracklings) cl395 WBible Psalms ci 4: My boonus han dried C543 To can (know) more than the Creed cl385 Chaucer TC ν 89-90: As he that koude up as critouns. cl400 Primer 4Ц5-6]: My bones more than the crede In swich a craft. MED drieden up as critouns. crede η. (2) (b). C553 The Crock should not strive with the wall C544 To ken (teach) one his Creed cI390 Chaucer Truth 12: Stryve not, as doth the al352 Minot 27.4: Sir Edward sail ken yow crokke with the wal. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage yowre crede, 32.38, 35.14. MED crede η. (2) 390.14459-60: Hard ys to sporne ageyn an hai. Or a crokke a-geyn a wal. See B421, P319, W20. (b). C545 To sing such a Creed C554 As coy as a Crocker's (potter's) mare al393 Gower CA II 239.478-9: For er I sunge 1546 Heywood D 60.34: She was to them, as such a crede, I hadde levere to be lewed. MED koy as a crokers mare. Apperson 120; Oxford crede η. (2) (b). 116; Tilley C833. (Tilley seems to take croker as a proper name.) С54в Not count (at) a Cress cl385 Usk 25.133: Is nought to counte at a C555 Crocodile tears eresse, 125.44-5: Of al thy good service she cllOO Wonders of the East in Three Old English compteth nat a eresse. cl400 Piers A iii 137 in Prose Texts 62.2-3: Jjan hy (o race called "donSkeat's EETS edition I 35 п.: Heo countith hit estre") hine (a victim) fretaS ealne buton Jjon not at a eresse. cI440 Dégrevant 14.206:1 cownt heafd(e) ond Jjonne sittaS and wepaS ofer ¡зат hym noghte at a eresse. al508 Dunbar Flyting heafde. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa 9.129: Na man comptis the ane kers. cc3*[1.10-4]: Phisiologus sayth that yf the coco-

Croesus

108

C556

dryll fyndyth a man . . . he sleeth hym yf he Poems II 240[22]: Cross and pyle standen in maye, and thenne he wepyth upon hym, and balaunce. Apperson 123; Oxford 119-20; Tilley swolowyth hym at the laste. cl400 Mandeville C835; Whiting Scots I 154. See D19L Travels 192.22-3: Theise serpentes sien men and C561 To make a Cross on a gate {i.e., not to thai eten hem wepynge. Oxford 118; Taylor return) and Whiting 85; Tilley C831; Whiting Drama 1549 Heywood D 53.386: And now will I make a 309:79. crosse on this gate, 1555 E 196.289. Apperson 123; Oxford 119; Tilley C842. C556 The treasure of Croesus al393 Gower CA III 75.4730-4: The trésor of C562 To make one a Cross of the same wood Cresus And al the gold Octovien, Forth with the 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 484: I made hym of richesse Yndien Of Perles and of riche stones the same wode a croce. Were al togedre myn at ones. Cf. Apperson 530; Oxford 540; Taylor and Whiting 85; Tilley C563 As black as a Crow's bill 1471 Ripley Compound 149[6]: Powder blacke C832; Whiting Scots I 154. as a Crowes byll. al500 Ancient Scottish ProphC557 In the Crook(ing) (crescent) of the moon ecy, No. 1 in Bernardus De cura 18.6: In a cl400 Beryn 13.398: Ffor he met with his love, clowde als blak as the bill of A crawe. in crokeing of the moon. cI430 Brut II 427.25-8: And all the cheveteynys, with the soudiourys, С5в4 As black as a Crow's feathers were taken, and led to the Cite of Paris in the al500 Court of Love 437.1060: His berd as blak croke of the mone, they myght sey; for of hem as fethers of the crow. ther scapid but a fewe on lyve, 441.13-5: So C565 As black as any (a) Crow that they (the defeated Scots) may say wele "In cl330 Horn Childe 191.1049: With foules blac the croke of the mone went thei thidre warde, as ani crawe. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2692: As And in the wilde wanyende come thei home- blak he lay as any . . , crowe. 1513 Douglas warde." 1435 Chronicles of London (Julius В II) Aeneid III 19.7. 1534 More Comforte 1249 75[22-4]. 1435 Great Chronicle of London, ed. H[4-5]: He is no blacker then a crowe. ApperA. H. Thomas and I. D. Thomley (London, son 51; Oxford 47; Taylor and Whiting 85; Tilley 1938) 132(23-5]. cl443 Chronicle of London C844; Whiting Scots I 154. 109[ll-3], 122[23-7]: And so myghte he wel sey, that in the crook of the mone com he thedlr- C566 As swart (black) as any Crow warde, and in the wylde wanyande wente hom- cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 697.10049: So ward: With reste and pees, A man schal best swart so eni crowe amorwe is fot was. encrees. MED crok 6(a). See W36. C567 The Crow defends her nest well against C558 The Crop stands under the root al393 Gower CA II 7.118: Now stant the crop under the rote. See H92, 548. C559 One Crop of a turd mars a pot of pottage 1546 Heywood D 80.66: One crop of a tourd marrth a pot of potage. Oxford 317; Tilley W240. See AI67.

the falcon 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 557.16-8: For ye may take ensample of the crowe that otherwhyle deffendeth well her neste agayn the fawcion. See C350, R45. C568 The Crow thinks her own birds white (fairest) 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 171.77-8: Yit, by my self, 1 fynd this proverb perfyte, "The blak craw thinkis hyr awin byrdis quhite." 1533 More Apology e l[8-9]: The crow that accompted her own byrdes the fayrest of all the fowles that flew. 1546 Heywood D 67.35: The crow thinkth hir owne birdes fairest in the wood. Apperson 124; Oxford 120; Taylor and Whiting 85-6; Tilley C851; Whiting Scots I 154.

C560 Cross (crouch [crois]) nor (and) pile al393 Gower CA II 141.390-1: Whos tunge neither pyl ne crouche Mai hyre. cl435 Lydgate Letter to Gloucester in MP II 667.59-60: Of eros nor pyl ther is no reclus, Preent nor impressioun in al thy (o purse's) seyntuarye. al440 Burgh Cato 320.718: Sume man ther is, that hathe nouthir eros ne pile, с1450 The Summum Вопит in Brown Lyrics XV 291.12: For here-In C569 The Crow weens that he is the fairest of al wynnyng lyth crosse and pile. cl475 Wis- bird of all dom 63.862-3: With the erose and the pyll I 1481 Caxton Mirror 103[7-8]: The crowe weneth xall wrye yt. That ther xall never man dyscrey that he is the fairest birde of alle other, and yt. alSOO Mischance Reigns in Wright Political the beste syngyng. Cf. Tilley K40. See M579.

C587

109

Crystal

C570 Evil Crows bring forth evil birds C577 To have one's Crown shaved 1529 More Supplicacion 306 G[9-10]: Lest evill cl400 Laud Troy I 76.2549-50: But sat alle Crowes bringe you forth evill byrdes. O^ord stille everychon. As who hadde Schaven hem a 180. croun. C571 Flys the Crow never so far the arse ay C578 Till Crow's-feet grow under one's eyes cl385 Chaucer TC ii 402-3: So longe mote ye follows cl315 Gonville and Cairn College Cambridge lyve, and alle proude. Til crowes feet be growen MS. in Law Quarterly Review 37(1921) 311 under youre yë. Taylor and Whiting 86; Tilley {Speculum 18[1943] 431, n. 5): Ne flye the Crowe C865. never so fer ay folweth hers, the tail. Tilley C579 Between this and Croydon C858. See A144. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 29.843: He hath no felowe betwene this and Croydon. C572 To have a Crow to pull (pluck) al460 Towneley Plays 18.311: We have a craw C580 To mince as Crumbs of bread to pull. 1509 Barclay Ship II 8[16]: He that hir cl450 St. Cuthbert 197.6757-8: All northumbirweddyth, hath a crowe to pull. 1522 Skelton lande provynce He thoght as croms of brede to Speke II 19.389: Whyche of yow fyrste dare mynce. boldlye plucke the crowe, al529 Garnesche I 127.48: Ye pressyd pertely to pluk a crow. 1546 C581 To take one's Crumbs Heywood D 75.160: If he leave it not, we have a 1474 Paston V 211[8-11]: But, God thanke yow, crow to pul. Apperson 124; Oxford 120; Tilley I toke so my crommys whyls I was wyth yow, that I felyd my sylfe by the weye that God and C855; Whiting Drama 359:782, Scote I 154-5. ye hade made me stronger than I wenyd that I had ben. Apperson 493: Pick up; Oxford 498; C573 To have the (black) Crow bite one cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 139.810: But I your Taylor and Whiting 86; Tilley C868. freend be, byte me the crowe! cl460 Satirical C582 As dry as a Crust Description 204[21]: The blak crowe moote al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa p3''[2.3]: yow byght. Whiting Ballad 35. And is drye as a crouste. C574 To say the Crow is white C583 He never bought Crust again cl450 Idley 88.439: Though he seie with the cl330 Otuel 93.953-4: And anawe of nubie he that white is the crowe. cl497 Medwall Fulgens smot, That nevere eft crouste he ne bot. See A4^[14-5]: Ye, goth the worlde so now a day B520. That a man must say the crow is white. al500 Court of Lace 421.430-1: Sey as she seith, than C584 The more Crust the less crumb shalt thou not be shent, The crow is whyte. cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.18: The more cruste 1509 Barclay Ship II 212[13-4]: That if theyr the lasse cromme. NED Crumb 3, quote 1726. mayster say that the crowe is whyte. They say C585 Much Cry and little wool the same, and have therin delyte. 1513 Douglas al475 Sir John Fortescue The Governance of Aeneid II 107.26-7: Quhat wenys thou, frend, England, ed. Charles Plummer (Oxford, 1885) the craw be worthyn quhite, Supposs the holkis 132[26-8]: And so his hyghnes shall have theroff, be all ourgrowyn thi face? 1528 More Heresyes but as hadd the man that sherid is hogge, muche 207 ВС: Thei can have no more holde than if thei would say the crowe were white. 1546 crye and litil woll. Apperson 428, 432; Oxford Heywood D 73.116: Were not you as good than 263-4; Taylor and Whiting 86; Tilley C871. to say, the crow is whight, 1555 E 177.175. C586 When men have well Cried then they will Apperson 124-5; Oxford 120; Tilley C853; Whit- round (whisper) ing Drama 340:483, Scote 1 154. cl385 Chaucer TC iv 587: For whan men han wel cryd, than wol they rowne. C575 From the Crown to the toe cl300 Havelok 61.1847: Fro the croune til the to. C587 As bright as (any, the) Crystal(-stone) Apperson 125; Tilley C864. See F468, H215, cl300 South English Legendary {Laud) 312.456: And Maketh hire schyne a-boute brightore thane T421. ani cristal. al325 Cursor III 1246.21783-4: Was C576 To bear the Crown na cristal was als bright, Na sa scene to mans cl475 Henryson Fables 19.464: Off craftie craw- sight (T lighte). al393 Gower CA II 337.1321-2 ing he micht beir the Croun. See B36,372, F316. (MS.A): The beaute of hire face schon Wel

Crystal

C588

110

bryhtere than the Cristall ston. cl395 WBible Numbers xi 7: Whiit and bright as cristal. cl350 Gregoríus 168 С 1094: Bright and clere so cristal stone. cl408 Lydgate Reson 12.436: Bryghter than . . . cristal. cl485 Slaughter (Digby) 21.506: Brighter than . . . clere cristall. cl500 Greene Carols 240.5: Whan Mary, as bryght as crystall ston. Whiting NC 389. C588 As clean as (any) Crystal al 100 Phoenix Homily 147.10: His eagene twa . . . synden swa claene swa cristal. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 6.102: As dene as clef, ther cristalle sprynges. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 310[25-6]: And thei ben of dene lyf, as cristal is dene withouten motis. cl400 Flowman's Tale 158.346. al410 Lydgate Churl in MF II 470.54: Lieh silver stremys, as any cristal cleene. al4I5 Mirk Festial 107.16: any, al450 York Plays 35.5: His Aungell cleere, as cristall dene. al460 Towneley Plays 95.308: She is as dene as cristall dyfe. al475 Ludus Coventriae 375.47: As crystall dene it clensyth you clere. cl475 Colagros 17.478: The sone, as cristall sa cleyne. al500 I Have Now Set in Brown Lyrics XV 74.17: Beyng as dene as clere crystall. alSOO Take Erth of Erth in Ashmole 274[25]. 1501 Douglas Police 54.22: Water as of the cristall dene. Whiting Scots I 155. C588a Crystal-clean cl408 Lydgate Reson 129.4927: The water was so cristal dene, al449 My Lady Dere in MP II 422.68: Ryvers crystal dene. C589 As clear as (the, any) Crystal(-stQne) al350 Ywain 25.900: Hir yghen clere als es cristall. cl350 Apocalypse 195.1, 196.4. cl390 Mayden, Modur, arid comely Qween 123.112: Heil clerore then the Cristal-ston. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa t4''[2.42]. al400 Alexander С 146.2541, 263.5280: Was nevir na cristall so clere as was tha clere strandis. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 197.8-9: A clere flode as Cristal, 22-3. al400 Cursor I 30 F 376, III 1354 F 23688: ani. aI400 Destruction of Troy 100.3063-4: The slote of hir slegh brest . . . As any cristall clere, 431.13183: the. al400 Pricke 172.6349, 173.6396-7: And be made als clere and fayre and dene. Als any cristal that here es sene, 204.7577-8. al400 Scottish Legends II 319.541. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 384.37, cl408 Reson 4.123-4: And the wellys thanne appere As cristal or quyk sylver clere, 100.3808-9: Ben der, ageyn the sonne bryght. As any cristall to be-holde. cl410 Lovelich Grail I 222.265-6: And so Cler be-Cam that

Tre withal. As Evere dyde ony . . . Cristal. al415 Mirk Festial 107.10-1. al420 Lydgate Troy III 580.588-9: Terys . . . as any cristal clere, al422 Life 510.1137-9: A well . . . To loke upon as any cristal clere. al425 London Lapidary in Lapidaries 31[17-8], cf. 5Ц18-9]. al439 Lydgate Fall III 858.1257. cl440 Dégrevant 36.530-2: A lady wyghte, Thare es . . . Na cristalle so clere. cl440 Prose Alexander 99.36: any. al449 Lydgate Ave in MP I 300.26, Fifteen Joys in MP I 260.4, Testament in MP I 343.379: ony. aI450 Three Middle English Sermons 43.713-4: ani, 44.729: ani. al450 York Plays 308.24. cl450 Greene Carols 190.5. cl450 Myroure of owe Ladye 288[27], 304[22]. al460 Towneley Plays 269.361. cl460 The Coronation I in Brown Lyrics XV 68.13: the. The Coronation Π in Brown Lyrics XV 71.58: Hire Colour as Cleer as Cristal bryght. aI475 Asneth 231.101. al475 Assembly of Gods 47.1603: any. aI500 The Beauty of his Mistress Π in Bobbins 124.16: With eyes clere as crystall stoune. al500 The Beauty of his Mistress III in Bobbins 127.25: Your throte as clere as crystall stone. al500 High Empress in Brown Lyrics XV 27.8. al500 Partenay 19.337-8. al500 Take Erth of Erth in Ashmole 269[8-9]: Water of the Wood: Cleere as Chrystall schynyng bryght. a1504 Hawes Example Aa412], Ee5'"[24]. aI506 Barclay Castell G8^19], 1509 Ship II 290[14]. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 35.773: the, 159.815: the, 195.1906: the. 1515 Barclay St. George 17.185. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 36.27. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 14[19]. al525 Berners Froissart VI 16Ц12]. Apperson 101; Svartengren 361-2; Taylor and Whiting 86; Tilley C875; Whiting Drarrm 309:78, Scots I 155. C589a Crystal-clear al439 Lydgate Fall deer, 1439 St. Albon cristall-clere. cl500 rekenynge is crystall

I 181.6402: Watir cristal 118.444: A bath of water Everyman 31.898: Thy dere.

C590 As hard as Crystal al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa t4'[1.7]: It is harde as cristall. C591 As sheen as Crystal 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 141.866: Lyke perles rounde as any christall shene. C592 As white as Crystal 1465 Leversege 27[21]: Whyght as crystall. al5D0 I love on lovyd in Rawlinson MS. С 813 857.19. 1509 Watson Ship Ee3''[7]: Smocke more whyter than the crystal. al533 Berners Huon 426.16.

C602

111

Cuckoo

C593 To be like Crystal(-stone) (varied) C597 To set a Cuckold on the high bench cl325 Loveliest Lady 149.30: Hire loveliche al475 Ludus Coventriae 127.95-6: And feetly chere as cristal. al400 Eglamour 56.834: Hir with help sehe can consent To set A cokewold eghne als cristalle-stane. с1405 Mum 29.63; on the hye benche. With a deer colour, as cristal hit semeth. al420 C598 To wear a Cuckold Hood (hat) Lydgate Troy I 33.744-5: Watrys . . . That cl460 Ipomadon С 351.29-30: And I had wold, spränge lyche cristal in the colde welle. cI440 par aventure the king might have wered a Prose Alexarider 91.7: Of clere water as cristalle. cukwold hoode. al500 Comeus 7.185-6: And cl475 Henryson Testament 111.176: As Cristall now he is a cokwold fyne To were a cokwoldes wer his Ene. al490 Caxton Eneydos 16.29: Slewe hate. a white bulle as crystall. alSOO Court of Love 426.655: With yen as cristall. Whiting Scots I C599 To dance in the Cuckold Row 155. alSOO Comeus 7.196-7: Lordynges, all now may ye know, That i may dance in the cokwold C594 To shine like (the, any) Crystal al325 Ipotis in Smith Commonplace Book 27.65: row. Roxburghe Ballads, ed. W. Chapell and The iii hevyne schynyth as Crystall. cl330 J. W. Ebswortìi (9 vols., Hertford, 1871-99) 111 Orfeo 32.357-8: Al the ut-mast wal Was clere 382.51-2: And think our little babes divine and schine as cristal. cl380 Chaucer Rose- Were got in Cuckolds Row, IX clxv '[32]: We mounde 3: For as the cristal glorious ye shyne. (Cuckolds) needs must be brothers, for we dwell 01395 WBible Apocalypse xxii 1. al398(1495) in a row. Bartholomaeus-Trevisa К5'"[1.15]. al400 Cursor C600 The Cuckoo can sing but one lay (song) I 31 GT 376. al400 Torrent 9.227-8: Presyos al410 Lydgate Churl in MP 11 483.344-7: And stonys, Schynyng ase crystall clere. cl410 Lovesemblably in Aprili and in May, Whan gentil hch Merlin III 477.17815-6: Helmes . . . Schybriddis make most melodie. The cookkow syngen neng as bryht as ony cristal. al420 Lydgate can but о lay. In othir tymes she hath no fanTroy I 49.1267-8, 1420 Temple 1-2.21-2: Again tasye, al430 Pilgrimage 388-9.14382-4: I rethe sonne that shone . . . As eny cristal. al450 Generydes A 7.176: That shoone as clere as doth semble the Cookkoow, Wych up-on о lay halt so cristall. cl450 Idley 132.1473. al470 Malory II long. And kan synge noon other song. Apperson 128; Oxford 63; Tilley C894; Whiting Drama 750.33: Hys shylde that shone lyke ony crystall. 272, Scote I 181: Gowk. See A174, S479, 933. Cisco PBradshaw Radegunde 8[7]. C601 The Cuckoo sings only of himself C595 A Cuckold has no gall (varied) 1340 Ayenbite 22[7-8]: The yelpere is the al439 Lydgate Fall I 294.3367: And summe cockou thet ne kan naght zinge bote of himafferme how such folk (cuckolds) ha(ve) no gall. selve, 59[20-l]. cl380 Chaucer PF 498-9: The al500 Corneus 4.95-6: Cokwold was kyng Ar- cokkow . . . So cryede . . . "kokkow!" cl400 thour, Ne galle non he hade, 107, 8.204: For Vices and Virtues 17.27-8: For the avauntor cokwoldes have no galle. alSOO Piers ofFullham fareth as a cokkow, that can no song but of 14.338-9: And into suche myscheyf falle That hymself, 57.1-2: Thei faren as a cokkow, that he unware hath lost his galle. al508 Skelton can synge of no thing but of hymself. cl450 Phyllyp I 65.469-77: The storke also. That Jacob's Well 149.13: Thei fare as the cuccuke, maiketh his nest. In chymneyes to rest; Within that syngyth but of him-self, 263.25-6: Thou those walles No broken galles May there abyde faryst as cuckow, that evere syngeth his owen Of cokoldry syde. Or els phylosophy Maketh a name. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 118[24-5]: The great lye. See D364. kockow that can nouht singe and jangle but of him self. al484 Caxton Royal Book C7''[24-6]: C596 A Cuckold will not drown He that avanteth hym is lyke imto the cuckow al500 Piers of Fullham 14.337-47: That many a that can synge noo thynge but of hym self, man hath had an hom. And into suche myscheyf Ε4··[19-20]. al500 Discourse in RES 24(1948) falle That he unware hath lost his galle. To 8[39]: Syngyng ay as a cockow, that can synge make hym sure that he not drowne. Nor with noon other songe but of hym self. MED cokkou sodeyn wawes sowne, Whiche, as clerkys deter- 1(b). myne, Is right a perfyte medicyne. Both on ffreshe water and on see. That folke shall not C602 The Cuckoo sings through the year drowned be: I mene hosbondes yong and old al500 Piers of Fullham 15.352-4: Ffor thorow That beren the name of cokwold. the yere som folkys lyvyng Have herd the cockoo

Cuckoos

112

C603

freshe synge In contreyes many mo than one. Apperson 128; Oxford 123; Tilley C891.

fere, pale and pitously . . . as the culver, that of the egle is smiten.

C603 Cuckoos and cuckolds (varied) cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1928-30: Jalousye, That wared of yelewe gooldes a gerland, And a cukkow sittynge on his hand, cl390 IX[H] 243: This Crowe sang "Cokkowl cokkow! cokkow!" cl400 Femina 6Ц13-4]: Song of kokkow in somer we have To preyse that take we non hede. cl497 Medwall Fulgerts E3129-33]: By cokkis bonis for it was a kocko, And man say amonge He that throwyth stone or stycke At suche a byrde he is lycke To synge that byrdes songe. 1509 Barclay Ship I 298[26-8]: So that whyle he after the owie doth go Fedynge the Couko, his wyfe hir tyme doth watche Receyvynge another whose egges she doth hatche, cl515 Eclogues 191.267-8: Then was no cucko betwene the east and west To lay wrong egges within a straimge nest. al529 Skelton Gamesche I 126.4: Ye syng allway the kukkowe songe. See N111.

c e l l Cunning has no foe 01499 Skelton Bowge 1 47.447-8: Connynge hath no foo Save hym that nought can, Sciypture sayth soo. C612 Cunning is a sicker stage al500 In a chambre in Sandison 120.46-7: Connyng is syker stage, And service is no sykymesse. C613 Cunning is flower of all treasure cl450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.51: For of all Tresure, Conny(n)ge ys flowur. C614 Cunning is no burden cl450 Alle that well in MLN 70(1955) 251.36: Kunny(n)g is non byrdeyn. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 40.18-9: Cormynge (be it never so moche) semeth no burden to hym that hath hit. Apperson 129, 347; Oxford 123; Tilley C899.

C615 Cunning surmounts all earthly treasure cl499 Skelton Bowge I 36.153-4: Loo, what it C604 To chew the Cud is a man to have connynge! All erthly tresoure cl395 WBible Hosea vii 14: Thei chewiden it is surmountynge. See H435, Q5. code on wheete, and wyn. Apperson 94; Oxford 91; Taylor and Whiting 87; Tilley C896. C616 Hasty Cunning soon waxes dry al475 Tree 16.2-3: Thou shuldist every day C605 Not set a Cue (half farthing) leme right litel, for hasty kunnyng wexith sone cl515 Barclay Eclogues 1.14: Men by their writ- drye. ing scantly set a qu. NED Cue sb.^ 2. C617 To have scant the Cunning of a snite Свое Not worth a Cue (snipe) cl516 Skelton Magnificence 2.36: Lyberte was cl515 Barclay Eclogues 165.682: Though they not worthe a cue, 1522 Why Come II 34.231-2: have scantly the cunning of a snite. Small newes the true is. That be worth ii. kues. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 16[26]: All these . . . are C618 Who will be Cunning must sue (follow) scantly worth a kue. the cunning C607 To have something thrust in one's Cule cl477 Caxton Curtesye 51.504: Who wil be connyng he muste the connyng sewe. See W398. (arse) al300 Richard 176.1831-2: For all your boost C619 A drunken Cunt has no porter and your orguyl, Men shall threste in your cuyle. 1522 More Treatyce 97 B[2-10]: Men are wont MED cui η. (1). to write a short rydle on the wal, that D.C. hath no. P. Rede ye this rydle I canot: but I have Culver, see Dove hard say, that it touche(t)h the redines that C608 As mild as a Culver {dove) woman hath to fleshly filth, if she fai in dronkcl200 Orm II 21.10836-7: Birrth wurrthenn enes. And if ye fynde one that can declare it, milde, and soffte, and meoc, And aeddmod alise thoughe it be no greate authoritie, yet have 1 cullfre. heard saye that it is very true. Tilley C901. See R92, W494. C609 As tame as a Culver 1422 Yonge Governaunce 212.2: Pryve and tame C620 Give your Cunt to Peony (Psweetheart) as a culvere. and crave after(?ward) wedding C610 To quake like a Culver smitten by the al325 Hendyng С 190.42: Yeve thi cunte to eagle cunnig. And crave affetir wedding. Kneuer 51-2; cl386 Chaucer LGW 2317-9: And quok for Schleich 271-2; Singer III 138.

C634

113

C621 As merry as Cup and can 1546 Heywood D 66.43: Mery we were as cup and can could holde. Apperson 129; Oxford 124; Tilley C903. C622 The Cup abyes (pays for) the default of supper cl300 South English Legendary 1 131.76-8: As me seith alday, the coppe abuth the defaute of soper, And be(o) he ihandled wel ynou, as hom thincth it is right Atte faillynge of the soper to drinke forte midnight. See D398.

Cupid withoughte cuppe. al500 Now late me thought 278[23]: Alias he (the buffeted Jesus) dranke withoute cope. Whiting Drama 342:509.

C629 To kiss the Cup al400 Cloud 108.7: For men wil kysse the cuppe, for wine is ther-in. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 137.3813-5: More is preysinge And honurable, a man compleyne of thrist. Than dronken be, whan he the cuppe hath kist. al450 Partonope 195.5181-2: He kyssed the cuppe, but never a delle Ther-of he dronke. al450 York Plays 257.80: This cuppe saverly for to kisse. al500 Carpenter's Tools 88.234: Therefore the cope ons I wylle kys. cl503 More Early Poems [1] C[5-7]: And an olde trot, Than can god wot, Nothyng but kysse the cup. Oxford 340; Tilley C909.

C623 Fill a Cup (of ale) at the beginning of a tale (before we fight) cl300 Havelok /1.13-4: At the biginning of ure tale, Fil me a cuppe of ful god ale. cI300 Beves 194.4107-8: Ac er than we be-ginne fighte, Ful us the koppe anon righte. cl5I5 Barclay Eclogues 169.811-2: I pray thee Codrus (my whey C630 To sit between the Cup and the wall is weake and thin) Lende me thy bottell to 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 11.53: Some to drinke or I begin. Cf. Chaucer CT VI[C] 321-8. syt bytwene the cuppe and the wall.

C624 Let go the Cup C631 To take the Cup as it comes al376 Piers A ν 188: Ther was laughwhing and cl353 Winner 448: Take the cup as it comes, lotering and "let go the cuppe." Oxford 123. the case as it falls. C632 A well filled Cup never made a wise man C625 To bear the Cup even 1473 Paston V 201[7-9]: He wolde also doo, as cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 124.71: Well yye wolde have hym nowe, ber the cuppe evyn, fyllyd cup makyt never wyse man. See W360. as What-calle-ye-hym seyde to Aslake. Apperson СеЗЗ When the Cup is fullest bear it fairest 83: carry; Tilley C907. cl025 Durham Proverbs 15.42: Swa fulre faet C626 To carp {prate, boast) with the Cup {i.e., swa hit mann sceal faegror beran. Vas quantum plen(i)or tantum moderatius ambulandum. boast over their drinks) al400 Morte Arthure 81.2749-50: The kreuel- cl325 Hendyng H 293.125: When the coppe is leste knyghttes of the kynges chambyre That follest, thenne ber hire feyrest. Apperson 129, kane carpe with the coppe knyghtly wordes. 241; Kneuer 25-8; Oxford 123, 230; Schleich 250-1; Singer III 127; Tilley C910. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 87. C627 To drink of a Cup (varied) al300 Richard 439.7023-4: And thoo that wolC634 Cupid (Love) is blind den have come uppe. They drank oflE Kyng cl380 Chaucer HF 137-8: Daun Cupido, Hir Richardis cuppe (were killed). cl390 Gregorius blynde sone, 617: Hys blynde nevew Cupido, 12.97-8: Heo Corven bothe with о knyf And cl385 CT I[A] 1965: And blynd he (Cupido) of о Coppe dronken same. cl440 Frose Alexwas, as it is often seene, TC iii 1808: Thy ander 40.16-7: We schulde all perische at anes blynde and wynged sone ek, daun Cupide, and all drynke of a coppe. al533 Berners Arthur cl386 LGW F 237-8: And al be that men seyn 505[5]: They dranke of the same cup {were that blynd ys he, Algate me thoghte that he paid back). Tilley C908. myghte se. al393 Cower CA II 36.47: For love is blind and may noght se, 103.2490-1: Bot C628 To drink without Cup cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 942: Withouten coppe sehe which kepth the blinde whel, Venus, he drank al his penaunce. cl400 Beryn 11.306: 230.159-60: As he is blind himself, riht so He Ffor such was his fortune, he drank with-out makth his chent blind also, 265.1465,348.1732-3, the cupp, 15.460: He shall drynk for kittis love 440.1417, III 176.349, 359: This blinde Boteler, 179.453-4: boteler, 443.2104: love, 2130-1: with-out(e) cup or pot. al450 Chronicle of For love, which that blind was evere, Makth London 122[14-6]: And pryncypally to the toun of Poperynge and of Belle, where Haukyns (the alle his servantz blinde also, 447.2268, 462.2794: defeated and slain Flemish) drank be note This blinde god. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1598:

Cupshotten

114

C635

love. al400 Discrecioun of Stirings 72.25-6: wele that hundes, that berkes mekill, bytes That is to sey, in love that is blinde to many men noghte so sone, als does hundes that thinges and seeth bot that о thing that it sekith. commes on men wit-outten berkynge. cl450 al400 Romaunt В 3703: The God of Love, How mankinde dooth in Fumivall Hymns blynde as stoon. cl400 PClanvowe Cuckoo and 77.619-20: Though my fleissche berke, he schal the Nightingale in Skeat Chaucerian 355.201-2: not bitee. From his lustis y wole him tye. ApLove. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II person 157; Oxford 23; Tilley B85; Whiting 401.453-4: О God of Love! unto the I crie, NC 396. See B46, 415, H561. And to thy blende double deyte, Floure in MP II 418.264, cl408 Reson 141.5381: But is as C637 Curs and ravens beat all others away blynde as stok or ston, al420 Troy I 8.266, from carrion 308.5730-1, III 768.6955, 1420 Temple 36.855. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 165.673-5: Like as al437 Kingis Quair 71.94[3]. al430 Lydgate when curres light on a carion, Or stinking Pilgrimage 226.8135-6, al439 Fall I 155.5532, ravens fed with corruption: These two all other 197.6986-7: Poetis seyn he is blynd to been a away do beate and chace. juge. He is depeynt(e) lich a blynd archer, C638 Curs fight with each other but show all 327.4555. cl440 Charles of Orleans 219.6523: their might against a stranger So blynd is love and wenyth othir be. al450 cl515 Barclay Eclogues 85.871-4: They fare Partonope 437.10796: That may not be; in this like to curres . . . Though eche one with other case love is blynde. cl450 Capgrave Katharine ofte chide, braule and fight, Agaynst a poor 274.404, 304.1337: Thou loved ful weel blynde stranger they shewe all their might. See D335. Venus and Cupide. cl450 Idley 101.1182-3: Loo, how love is blynde and may not see And C639 To grin and gnar (snarl) like a butcher's so he weneth that all othir be. 1474 Caxton Cur Chesse 39[10-2]: For theophrast saith that alle cl523 Barclay Mirrour 78[24]: Grinning and love is blynde, ther love is ther can not ryght gnarring as doth a butchers curre. Jugement by guyen. For alle love is blynde. cl475 Henryson Testament 109.134-5: О fais C640 No man can Curse another and protect Cupide . . . And thy Mother, of lufe the blind himself (from the effect) Goddes, 115.282-3. al500 Court of Love 410.53. clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 36[2-3]: Ne mseg nan al500 Sen that Eine 105.70. cl500 Fabyan man oôeme wyrian, and him sylfum gebeorgan. 61[21-2], 197[34-5]. 1504 Hawes Example Cf. Taylor and Whiting 88:6. See D342, P232. Ee7''[15]: Love. 1509 Barclay Ship I 80[4], II C641 To miss the Cushion 298[3]. 1509 Watson Ship Ee4'[19-20]. 1513 cl522 Skelton Colyn I 349.997-8: And whan BradshaviT St. Werburge 39.890. 1513 Douglas he weneth to syt. Yet may he mysse the quysAeneid II 147.3. 1518 Nevill Castell 90.391. shon. 1546 Heywood D 97.227: Ye myst the cl523 Barclay Mirrour 57[29], [40]: blinde Venus. cushin, for all your hast to it. Apperson 419; Apperson 384; MED blind, adj. 1(c); Oxford Oxford 427; Tilley C928. 389; Erwin Panofsky Studies in Iconology (New York, 1962) vii-viii, 95-128; Taylor and Whiting C642 To set one beside the Cushion 230; Tilley L506; Whiting Drama 251, 288, 1546 Heywood D 97.228: And I maie set you 289, 296, Scots I 155, 204. besyde the cushyn yit. Apperson 39; Oxford 35; Tilley C929. C635 To be Cupshotten C643 Custom gives jurisdiction al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 265,759-60: Als 1456 Hay Law 252.10-1: For the law sais that they were best in gladyng, and wel cuppecustum gevis oft tyme jurisdictioun. schoten. 1468 Paston IV 306[14]: A lytel copschotyn, but yit he is no brawler. 1528 More C644 Custom is overcome with custom Heresyes 153 E[7]: Be cup shotten. 1546 Hey- alSOO Imitatíone (1) 26.30-1: Custume is overwood D 41.16: He was . . . somwhat cupshotten. come with custume. 1502 Imitatione (2) 170.14-5: For evyll custome may be overcome C636 A Cur that bays bremely (fiercely) bites by good custome. never the faster (varied) al400 Alexander С 100.1804-5: At ilka cote a C645 Custom is stronger (harder) to break than kene curre as he the chache wald; Bot as nature bremely as he baies he bites nevir the fastir. 1450 Diets 274.31-2: Costome is (strenger) to cl440 Prose Alexander 22.20-3: Wate ye noghte breke thanne nature. 1477 Rivers Dictes 111[24]:

C658

115

Cypress

Custume is harder to breke than nature. See C651 Custom will dere (harm) T129. al475 Ludus Coventriae 54.97-8: It may gendyr custom in the, By-ware of custom ffor he wyl C646 Custom (Usage) is the second kind (nature) dere. (varied) al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 339[2I]: Costome is C652 Evil Custom is hard to blin (leave o f f ) (varied) the secounde fro kynde. a1393 Gower CA III 185.663-4: For in Phisique this I finde, Usage al425 Christ's own Complaint in Pol. Rei. and is the seconde kinde, vor.: Usage is the seconde Love Poems 226.572: Yvel custum is ful hard kinde In love als wel as other weie. cl420 to blynne. cl425 Ardeme Fistula 55.29-31: Wyntoun V 201.659-60: For thi haldis clerkis Ffor John Damascen seith "It is hevy for to be thar saw That custum is the tothir law. chaunge noying custom, and most if it be olde." 1422 Yonge Governaunce 238.7-8: For as Cf. Smith 50. ypocras Sayth, "Costome is the seconde nature C653 Old Custom is hard to put away (break) or kynde." al447 Bokenham Mappula 33-4: al422 Lydgate Life 661.341-3: For olde custome And the wolde (old) proverbe seithe: custome and use is a nother nature or kynde. al450 is harde to putte away, And usage grevythe Myne awen dere 177.879-82: For custome is folkes full sore To do a-way that thei have of propyr kynde: Trowth makes a man inclynde kepte of yore. al500 Imitatione (1) 16.25-6: Owther till gude or till ill. Whether that he Olde custom is harde to breke. 1502 Imitatione hase used hym till (To exchange custome and (2) 163.37-8: It is harde to leve a custom of Trowth would improve the sense). cl450 La longe continuaunce. See M361. Tour-Landry 9.16-7: Usage makithe custume, C654 Not set two Doncaster Cuts (?hob-tailed 116.22-3: And all comithe but of usaunce and horses, Pgeldings) custume. 1456 Hay Governaunce 126.22-3: cl516 Skelton Magnificence 10.293: I set not by Usage is ane othir nature the quhilk is perilous the worlde two Dauncaster cuttys. Apperson to change. cl480 Contemplacioun 197.289-90: 162; NED Cut sb.2 28. The secund natur Is callit conswetud Quhilk lichtly levis nocht the aid usage. 1509 Barclay C655 To call one Cut (Pbob-tail) Ship I 1β4[6-7]: Whan costome and use is al500 Medwall Nature Bl''[ll-2]: Yf thou se toumed to nature It is right harde to leve, hym not take hys owne way. Call me cut when cl523 Mirrour 24[15]: When custome and use is thou metest me a nother day. Tilley C940; toumed to nature. Apperson 130; Oxford 125; Whiting Drama 337:432. Tilley C932, U22; Whiting Scois 1 155. C656 To keep one's Cut cl400 Beryn 41.1309-10: Now kepe thy Cut, C647 Custom makes law Beryn; for thow shalt have a fit Somwhat of 1382 Wyclif Seven Werkys of Mercy Bodyly in the world, to lem(e) better witt, 56.1805: Kepe SEW III 175[34]: Sithen custom makis lawe. thy Cut nowe, Berynl for thow art in the case. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 138.788-9: Thow shalt C648 Custom passes all things be bisy ynow, 1 undirtake. Thy kut to keepe. 1450 Diets 114.5-6: Custome passithe alle al475 Ludus Coventriae 205.151-2: We xal the thingis. See U8. tecche with carys colde A lytyl bettyr to kepe C649 Custom taken in tender age is hard to thi kutte (a Pharisee to the woman taken in adultery). MED cut n. (2) 2(b): "to put up part with one's lot; know one's position." al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 324.11889-92: Ffor custoom take in tendre age, (As seyn thys olde C657 To say "Cut" ffolkys sage,) Wyth-oute labour (thys no nay,) cl400 Beryn 41.1288: And lepe out of the ChamYs ful hard to parte away. See S240. bir, as who seyd "cut!" MED cut inteή. C650 Custom takes no new guises C658 As sweet as Cypress 1509 Watson Ship H3^-H4'·: Be it good or evyll, cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) custome taketh no newe gyses. Swetter than . . . cypresse.

132.2047:

D D l Most Dainty (delicacy) comes behind that is myrtheles? Who shulde recche of that al475 Liber Cure Cocorum 55[21-2]: And most is recheles? Oxford 421. See A88. daynté, come behynde: Thys is a rewle mad in kynde. Milton At a Vacation Exercise in the D9 That Dance is done College (1628) 14: The daintiest dishes shall be al450 York Plays 81.225: That daunce is done, 149.96. al460 Towneley Plays 72.238: Ffy on served up last. hym! nay, nay, that dawnce is done. D2 As bright as a Daisy cl250 Harley MS.3376 f.16'' in Ker Catalogue DID To be brought (caught) in a Dance 313[6]: Brihture then the daisei him thet me al450 Partcmope 192.5087: Thus ys he broghte longgeth. al300 Alisaunder 406 L 6230-1: My in the devellys dawnce, 330.8163-4: But God make Blassameye Al so bryght as daies eyghe. may ordeyn here-after that ye In loves daunse caught may be. cl500 Alone, alone in Stevens D3 As white as the Daisy Music 342.3[6-8]: My hert ys braught Full low 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 332: Whit was his forfought Yn lovys daunce. cl500 Sore I Sigh berd as is the dayesye. in Robbins 154.9: Thys am I brought in-to lovers dawnce. 1509 Barclay Ship I 42[12]: And D4 Of one Damage to make twain whan they ar onys into my daunce brought. 1525 Berners Froissart V 226[12-3]: It is none honour . . . to make of one yvell dommage D i l To break (off) the Dance twayne. See S513. 1513 More Richard 53 D[8-10]: He had departed . . . and broken all the daunce. D5 Our Dame is often about our halfpenny cl450 Rylands MS.394 96.28'; Ofte is owre D12 To lead someone a Dance dame aboute our halfpenye. Sepe recordatur 1476 Paston V 263[20-2]: He roode so welle oboli michi que dominatur. he ledde uss a dawnce faster than alle we cowde D6 Your Dame was swived (japed) ere you weell folowe. al500 Skelton Kynge Edwarde I 2.29: She toke me by the hand and led me a were bom cl420 Wyntoun V 301.2048: Thi dame was daunce. swywit or thou was bome. с1470 Wallace D13 To leam (teach) someone a new Dance 115.154: Thi deme has beyne japyt or thow was al352 Minot 14.14: Thare lered Inglis men tham bom. Cf. Tilley M1196: If your mother had not a new daunce. al475 Assembly of Gods 29.957: lost her virginity you would not have been bom. Yet I trow I shall leme hem a new daunce. D7 From Dan to Beersheba cl395 WBible Judges xx 1: Fro Dan til to D14 To set someone last upon a Dance Bersabee, I Kings iii 20, II Kings xvii 11, III al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 397.355: Kings iv 25, I Paralipomenon xxi 2: Fro Bersabe For (he) him set last upon a daunce. til to Dan. Oxford 128; Taylor and Whiting 90. D15 After Danger comes grace D8 Does he Dance merrily who is mirthless? al513 Dunbar Complaint to the King 41.75: cl380 Chaucer PF 592-3: Daunseth he murye Bot eftir danger cumis grace. lió

D33

117

D16 Before Danger imagine all dangers cl523 Barclay Mirwur 13[25]: Thou muste before daunger imagine daungers all. See D18, F495, S47.

Day Davyd. 1484 Caxton Royal Book R3''[7]: More holy than davyd, 1489 Doctrinal 14''[13-4]: holy, K3114-5]: holy. al513 Dunbar Of Manis Mortalitie 149.12: Meik David.

D17 To be in one's Danger and debt D27 As wise as a Daw 1461 Paston III 286[25-6]: I am gretly yn your cl525 ?Heywood Gentylnes 122.983: Then fare danger and dette for my pension. Tilley M451. ye well, as wyse as two dawys. Svartengren 51. D18 Where Danger is it is great wisdom to pro- D28 To cough one a Daw (fool) vide before cl516 Skelton Magnificence 34.1061: What! thou cl475 Henryson Fables 61.1738-40: Quhair vielte coughe me a dawe for forty pens? 1065: danger is, or perrell appeirand. It is grit wise- A, I trowe ye shall coughe me a fole. Tilley dome to provyde befoir, It is devoyd, ffor dreid F508. it hurt yow moir. See D16. D29 To speak like a Daw D19 Never utter (sell) Dame! with good com cl516 Skelton Magnificence 43.1379: Ye speke al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 814.19: Uttre nevir lyke a dawe. no darnel with good com. See C361. D30 After an evil Day to have a merry night

D20 To take the Damel and cast com from the cl475 Rauf 86.135: Efter ane evill day to have ane mirrie nicht. Cf. Apperson 22: Bad day; sheaf al449 Lydgate Say the Best in MP II 795.10: Oxford 19; Tilley D87. Take the damel and cast com fro the sheffe. D31 After the Day comes the night (varied) See C36I. al449 Lydgate God in MP I 29.77-8: When D21 As shaφ as a Dart day is passyd, the dirke nyght Closith al the al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa T8''[1.25]: wourld with his blak weede. al500 English Sharpe as dartes. cl410 Lovelich Grail 1141.779: Conquest 51.8-9: Aftyr the bryght day, comyth But that schowr was As scharpe As A dart. 1509 the nyght. 1506 Hawes Pastime 208.5478: After Barclay Ship II 4[1]: Theyr cruell tunge is the day there cometh the derke nyght. 1509 Barclay Ship II 319[22]: After the day cometh sharper than a dart. Svartengren 256. the nyght. D22 One's Dart oft returns to his own reproof 1509 Barclay Ship I 55[14]: His darte oft re- D32 All the Days of poor men are wick(ed) toumeth to his own reprefe, 213[2]: And his cl390 Chaucer CT II В] 117-8: Yet of the wise owne dartis retoume to hym agayne. See A182, man take this sentence: "Alle the dayes of povre D342, E180, F374, 555, G490, M84, 200, 289, men been wikke." cl395 WBible Proverbs xv P232, S345, 848. 15: Alle the daies of a pore man ben yvele. D23 To drive like Darts D33 As bright as (the, any) Day 1509 Barclay Ship I 54[I2]: Somtyme his wordes al300 Thrush in Brown Lyrics XIII 105.124-6: as dartis he doth dryve. Ну bath brighttore ounder shawe Then the day wenne hit dawe In longe someres tide. al300 D24 Not dread a Date Tristrem 80.2971: To Ysonde bright so day. cl400 Alexander Buik IV 411.10191: Thy mancl300 Havehk 22.588-9: She saw ther-inne a nace dreid I nocht ane dait. liht ful shir, Also briht so it were day, D25 The naughty Daughter leams of the bawdy 69-70.2093-5: A mikel liht In the bour (ther) dame Havelok lay. Also briht so it were day. cl390 1509 Barclay Ship I 56[I4]: Than shal the Chaucer CT I[A] 3310: Hir forheed shoon as noughty doughter leme of the bawdy dame. bright as any day. cl390 Gregorius 34.289. See C89, M720. с1390 Mayden, Modur, and comely Qween 124.121. al400 Meditations 21.783: Jhesu so D26 As holy (etc.) as David 1340 Ayenbite 204[13-5]: Non ne wes . . . bright as spryng of day. cl400 Thomas of Ercelmilder thanne david. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] doune 3.43: any. cl400 Túndale 85.1475: Sone 955: But he be . . . hoolier than David. cl400 wex hit bryght as the day. al422 Lydgate Life 19.691. Vices arid Virtues 226.1: Non holier than David. 613.368, 667.421. al450 Partonope cl410 Mirror of Sinners in Yorkshire Writers II aI450 York Plays 443.326, 491.4: That berde is 437[ll-2]: Thou schalt be . . . moore waar than brighter than the daye. al500 Greene Carols

Day

118

D34

150 ABD (refrain), С {гфат)·. any. al500 Orfeo D41 A bright Day is oft seen after a great rain 30 H 338: ony. al500 She Sang in Brown Lyrícs cl450 Lover's Mass 101[26-7]: Ffor ofte sythe XV 7[2]: ony. 1509 Barclay Ship II 274[25]: men ha seyn A ful bryght day after gret reyn. Shynynge as bryght as is the sonny day, 1515 Cf. Tilley R8. See C315, R l l . St. George 78.1904: the. Svartengren 226; Taylor D42 Day-couth (-clear) and Whiting 92; Tilley D55; Whiting Drama alOOO Judgement Day in ASMP 59.40: Jjaet hit 309:89. See D67. ne sy daegcuÖ, {)aet Jjaet dihle wass. D34 As clear as the Day D43 The Day is come that he fasted the even cl460 W. Huchens Hymn to the Virgin in Pol. for Rei. and Love Poems 291.3: Aurora bryght, 1470 Paston V 90[26-31]: The daye is comen clere as the day. Apperson 101; Svartengren that he fastyd the evyn for, as an holye yonge 363; Taylor and Whiting 92; Tilley D56. monke fastyd mor than all the covent, aftr that for hys holynesse and fastyng hopyd to be abD35 As doughty as the Day is fair (bright) al200 Lawman I 292.6845-6: Tha iwarth he swa bott, whyche afterwarde was abbott; than lefte he hys abstynens, seyng, "The daye was come duhti Swa the daei feire (B: brihte). that he fast the evyn for." D36 As light as Day al400 Orologium 334.39: Hit lihtete as the daye D44 The Day is short, the work is long with joye. al400 Scottish Legends II 363.198: cl400 Beryn 109.3631: The day is short, the That licht as day ves the presone. cl400 Mande- work is long. Apperson 136; Oxford 130. See ville Travels 158.4: It is ak light as day. Taylor L245. and Whiting 92. D45 The Day of doom (varied) al500 English Conquest 139.34-5: Thay graunD37 As like (asunder) as Day and night al437 Kingis Quair 76.109[5-7]: Als like ye tyth . . . the Englysh pepil fully the maystry, bene as day is to the nyght, Or sekcloth is a lytel ar the day of Dome. 1SÎ2 More Conunto fyne cremesye. Or doken foule onto the futación 412 H[3-4]: From tyme to time al fresche dayesye. cI458 Knyghihode and Bataile dayes even to the day of dome. 1546 Heywood 6.141-2: Thei are asondir As day and nyght. D 86.222-3: The daie of doome shall be doone, Er thou go to bed at noone or night for mee. D38 As ruddy as Day Cf. Whiting Scots I 160. See D346. 1445 Claudian Stllicho 281.280: Whos cheke as rody as day. D46 A Day's respite is worth much cl489 Caxton Aymon II 429.17-8: I have ofte D39 As sicker as (any) Day herde saye that a day respyte is worthe moche. al450 Partonope 40.1512: For also syker as any al533 Berners Huon 128.11-2: It is a commen daye, 177.4778: Off hys knyghtes, as syker as sayeng, one day of respyte is worth .c. yere. day, 199.5264, 424.10292: any. Taylor and Cf. Apperson 469: One day of respite. Whiting 92: sure. D47 Days that have no rest pass lightly D40 Be the Day never so long ever comes cl477 Caxton Jason 86.3-4: The dayes that have evensong (varied) no reste passe lightly. al393 Gower CA III 182.578-9: Bot hou so that the dai be long. The derke nyht comth ate laste. D48 Every Day like to other is common thing al400 Merton College Oxford MS.248, f.l46b in (and) seldom praised Robbins-Cutler 2284.8: Ne bee the day nevere cl450 La Tour-Landry 142.5-6: For every day so longe, evere comethe evensong. 1506 Hawes lyke to other is thinge comune, it is seiden Pastime 208.5479-80: For thouji the day be praised (car chose commune n'est point prisée). never so longe At last the belles ryngeüi to See C351, T109. evensonge. 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 18.36: Be the daye never so longe at last cometh D49 Farewell my good Days evensonge. 1546 Heywood D 84.141-2: Yet is al470 Malory II 823.32-3: And but yf that ye he sure be the daie never so long. Evermore at helpe me now, farewell my good dayes foreverl laste they ryng to evensong, 1556 Spider al475 Ludus Coventriae 296.733: Hese good 396[6-7]: In the daie most long here past. Yet days thei xul be past. 1546 Heywood D 63.52: they (evermore) ring to evensong at last. Ap- Then farewell my good daies, they vi^yll be person 136; Oxford 131, 382; Tilley D59. soone gon. Apperson 204; Tilley D115.

D67

119

Daylight

D50 Happy be that Day that ordains merry D59 To awend (turn) Day to night and night years to day cl425 Ardeme Fistula 7.34-5: And in another clOOO Sermo in Napier 297.27-9: Ge syttaS place it is seid, "happy or blessid be, that day ealle niht and drincaS oS leohtne daeg and swa that ordeyneth mery yeres." awendaÖ daeg to nihte and niht to daege. cl330 D51 He that comes every Day shall have a Times of Edward II 336.290: Hii kunnen of the faire day make the derke niht. cockney (egg)

1549 Heywood D 53.390-1: He that comth every D60 To come a Day after the fair daie, shall have a cocknaie. He that comth now 1546 Heywood D 32.53: But a daie after the and then, shall have a fatte hen. Apperson 108; fayre, comth this remors. Apperson 136; Oxford 130; Taylor and Whiting 93; Tilley D112. Tilley D77.

D52 It suffices to the Day its own malice D61 To see Day at a little hole clOOO WSG Matthews vi 34: ^ghwlyc daeg cl440 Charles of Orleans 205.6121: But at a haefS genoh on hys agenum ymbhogan. cl395 litille hole day mowe we see. 1546 Heywood WBible Matthew vi 34: For it sufEsith to the D 38.92: I see daie at this little hole. Apperson 136-7; Oxford 569; Tilley D99. See H414. dai his owen malice. Oxford 629. D62 To shine like the bright Day D53 Never to see fair Day more al533 Berners Huon 91.27-8: Thou shalt newer al470 Malory II 548.25-6: For the moone shone as the bryght day. See DÖS. se fayre day more, 122.11, 306.10, 638.15. D63 To steal a Day from Lent D54 No Day is like another al300 Alisaunder 375.6985: Nys no day other cl300 South English Legendary I 123.45-6: Me thincth he were a queinte man bote he couthe ylyk. Skeat 64. gramerie That ssolde stele a day of Leinte, D55 One Day is ofttimes better than a whole seggeth gif ich lie. year De4 To wit (кгюю) not whether it was Day or 1481 Caxton Reynard 66[6-7]: Oftymes one day night is better than somtyme an hole year. Apperson cl280 Southern Passion 41.1144: And ffor drede 469; Oxford 130; Tilley D83. nuste whather hit was day or night. al300

D56 One Day often brings what all the year Arthour and M.^ 251.9011-2: That he sat astoned up right And nist, whether it was dai or night, may not (varied) al250 Rawlinson MS. С 641 in Zeitschrift für a1300 Richard 100.423-4: And for that stroke französische Sprache und Litteratur 21(1899) that hym was gyven He ne wyst whether it was 3.5: On dai bringth thet al ier ne mai. cl385 daye or even. cl400 Triamour 65.763-5. cl410 Chaucer CT I[A] 1668-9: Yet somtyme it shal Lovelich Merlin III 673.25339-40: For So sore fallen on a day That falleth nat eft withinne a he fyl, the sothe to say, That he ne wyste thousand yeer. cl450 Douce MS.52 44.4: Oft whether hit was nyht or day. cl450 Merlin II bryngeth on day, That all the yere not may. 367[11]: He Wiste not whether it was nyght or cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.1. cl475 Rawlinson day, 39Ц23-4]: nyght or day, 459[21-2]: nyght MS. D 328 122.56: Hyt fortynyt yn a day that or day, 476[13-4]: day or nyght, 496[29-30]: fortunyt not yn a yere (MS. here). al500 Hill nyght or day. See H542. 128.20: Hit faUith in a dai, that fallith not all D65 Upon a glad Day have unware (unexpected) the iere after. Apperson 283; Jente 347; Oxford woe in mind 87; Skeat 221; Tilley H741. See H598, YIO. cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 426-7: Upon thy glade day have in thy mynde The unwar wo or harm D57 One knows not what Day shall fall (happen that comth bihynde. to) him to-morrow cl425 Governance of Lordschipes 57.34-5: Ffor D66 Who may not play one Day in a week may thou woot noght what day to-morwe sal falle think his thrift is far to seek the. 01545 Heywood Four PP B2''[5-6]: Who may nat play one day in a weke. May thynke hys D58 A shining Day is oft meint (mixed) with thryfte is farre to seke. rain al439 Lydgate Fall III 967.1706: A shynyng D67 As bright as Daylight day is ofte meynt with reyn. See J59. cl250 Of One That Is in Brovra Lyrics XIII 24.3:

Daylight

120

D68

Brightore then the dai-is light. cl325 De Clerico D76 Not worth a Deal {bit) cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 31[4]: It is not 152.2: Нео is briht so daies-liht. See D33. worthe a dele. MED del n. (2) 4; NED Deal D68 To shine like the Daylight sb.i 5b. al450 Îartonope 220.5802-3: A-none, and therIn a candell bryghte, That shonne as the day D77 After Death no memory abides lyghte. See D62. al422 Lydgate Life 616.414-5: Eke after dethe a-bydyth no memorye. For ay with dethe D69 As bright as the Day-star 1422 Yonge Governaunce 167.34-5: More comyth for-yetylnesse. See D72. bryghtyr Shynynge than the day-sterre. D78 Against Death there is no defence {varied) D70 To shine like a Day-star 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 31Г[1.5-6]: To shyne lyke as a day sterre. D71 The Dead has few friends (varied) cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 120-2 Τ 485-6: For fewe frend we sculen finden Thanne we henne funden. al303 Mannyng Handlyng 203.6300: For the dede hath few(e) frendys. cl325 Hendyng Η 299.288: Ffrendles ys the dede. al450 Myne atoen dere 150.46: For sothe it is, deede has no frende. 1456 Hay Law 245.21-3: Quhen a lord is dede he gettis few frendis, and lyfand men gettis ay frendis. al470 Parker Dives Υ4"·[1.33-4]: Be a man deed, he fyndeth fewe frendes. al500 Greene Carols 366.6: And thynke wyll dede man have no frond. Apperson 138; Kneuer 58; Oxford 227; Schleich 273; Singer III 139-40; Skeat 93; Tilley M591. See D85.

al325 Otuel and Roland 138.2539: There nys no bote of mannys deth. cl330 Orfeo 46.552: It nis {var. Ther is) no bot of mannes deth. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 2.32-3: Deth, fro which no wight lyvyng Defendyn hym may, 193.5366-7: What myght his force availle A-gayn the deth? no thing, sanz faille. cl421 Lydgate nebes 27.591-2: But for they segh hevynesse and thoght Ageynes deth vayleth lit or noght, cl430 Dance 55.480: For a-geyns deth is fynaly no boote, al439 Fall I 168.5977: But, о allas, ageyn deth is no boone! al450 Castle 160.2793: A-geyns me {Death) may no man stonde. al470 Malory III 1251.13-4: But ayenste deth may no man rebell. al475 Ludus Coventriae 221.357: Ageyn deth is no resystens. cl475 Henryson Fables 30.792: Aganis deith may na man т а к defence, Thre Deid Pollis 206.36. clSOO ?Bradshaw Radegunde 44 [10]: But agayne deth may be no remedy. al525 Berners Froissart V 60[145]: Agaynst dethe none may stryve. Apperson 527; English and Germanic Studies 2(1948-9) 39; Oxford 537; Tilley R69.

D72 The Dead is forgotten (out of mind) cl400 Laud Troy II 325.11013-6: Be he nevere so strong ne bold. He is for-geten and nought of told. When he is ded and hennes past; In erthe is none that evere may last. cl450 Fyrst D79 As bitter as Death thou sal 91.185: The ded is oute of mynde. Cf. al475 Tree 139.5: Lust is bitterrer than deth, as Jente 405. See D77, E213, S307. Salomon seith.

D73 The Dead's counsel is soon overwent D80 As dumb as Death {passed over) с 1378 Piers В χ 137: And as doumbe as deth. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1 274.7999-800: Apperson 571: silent; Oxford 589; Taylor and Bot thei dide nought his comandement; The Whiting 95. dedes conseyl ys sone overwent. See E201. D81 As sicker as Death D74 To be nought but {except when) Dead al450 Partonope 273.6999: As siker as dethe, cl250 Owl 96.1137-8: Thi lif is evre luther with-outen nay. Apperson 611: sure; Smith 56; and quad, Thu nar(t) noght bute ded. Cf. Ap- Taylor and Whiting 95; Tilley D136. person 494: Like a pig, he'll do no good alive; Oxford 637: Swine; Tilley M1005; Whiting NC D82 As sooth as Death 391. See W472. cl380 Chaucer HF 502: But this as sooth as deth, certeyn. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 95. D75 Who is so Deaf as he that will not hear? 1546 Heywood D 91.41-2: Who is so deafe, or D83 As still as Death so blynde, as is hee. That wilfully will nother al400 Meditations 39.1466: And lay stille a(s) here nor see? 1555 E 163.103: Who is so deafe, deth in swoun. cl450 Myroure of oure Ladye as he that will not beare. Apperson 139; Oxford 30[32]: And lay styll as dede. Taylor and Whit132-3; Taylor and Whiting 32-3; Tilley H295. ing 95.

D96

121

Death

D84 As strong as the Death D95 Death is better than shameful hfe cl300 Guyi 168 A 2912: That venim is strong c735 Beowulf 2890-1: DeaS biö sella Eorla gehwylcum [зоппе edwitlif. See D104, 239. so the deth. Svartengren 391. D85 Death and poverty seldom have friends D96 Death is certain but not the time (varied) al400 Scottish Legends II 79.343-4: For ded c735 Beowulf 3062-5: Wundur hwar Jjonne and poverte seldine quhen Has frend, that we Eorl ellenrof ende gefere Lifgesceafta, {>onne suld kene. cl415 Middle English Sermons leng ne masg Mon mid his (ma)gum meduseld 86.19-21: Ther-fore it is a proverbe that muche buan. a900 Bede 210.17-8: ForSon him cuS peple have seid, that dethe and poverte hath forSfor toweard waere ond ungewiis seo tid Jjaere few (MS. new) frendes. Tilley Ρ4Θ8. See D71. ilcan foiSfore. clOOO Halwendlic lar in Napier 135.18-20: And uton gejD encan, t)aBt us ys uncuö D86 Death and poverty will not be hidden 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 9[5-6]: The deth seo tid and se daeg, {le we sceolon Jaas laenan woruld forlaeton. al200 Ancrene 76.6: Death, nor povertye wyll not be hyd. that we beoth siker of, and unsiker hwenne. cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 90 Τ 165-72: Wot no D87 Death can be a friend to no wight al475 Ludus Coventriae 219.277: Deth to no mon the time Wanne he sal henne rimen (J tume), Ne no mon then hende. Wen he sal wyht can be a frende. henne wenden. Drittin hit one wot, Domis D88 Death can (knows) no courtesy lovird, Wenne we ure lif Letin scullen. cl275 al475 Ludus Coventriae 177.259-62: All men Old Kentish Sermons in Morris Old English dwellyng upon the grownde Be-ware of me Miscellany 36[3-5]: For al so seid thet holi writ (Death), be myn councel, Ffor feynt felachep thet non ne wot thane dai of his diathe. For in me is fownde, I kan no curtesy as I yow tel. Man mai longe lives wene and ofte him legheth se wrench. al300 Sinners Beware! in Morris D89 Death dreads no man cl500 Everyman 6.115-6: I am dethe that no Old English Miscellany 78.190-2: For nes non that Wiste Bute him seolve ariste, Hwenne his man dredeth, For every man I rest and none ende-day were. al300 Three Sorrowful Tidings spareth. in Brown Lyrics XIII18: Thru tidigge us cumet D90 Death falls on the feyest (most fated) iche dei—Ful wel leve me his may: On, We cl475 Henryson Fables 62.1767: Deith on the sulle honne; Thath other, we nite wanne; The fayest fall. See M88. thridde his of muchel kare,—We nite fwider we sulle fare, 19: Wanne ich thenche thinges thre D91 Death for death Ne mai ne vre blithe be: That on is ich sal awe. al420 Lydgate Troy II 485.3146-7: For right That other is ich ne wot wilk day. That thridde requereth, and also good resoun. That deth for is mi meste kare, I ne woth nevre wuder i sal deth is skilful guerdonynge, 505.3853-4: For fare. сХЗОО Speculum Gy 23.491-2: For siker right requereth, with-outen any drede, Deth for noman wite ne may, Whanne shal ben his enddeth, for his final mede, al439 Fall I 309.3913: ing day. a1325 Cursor III 1357.23732-3: Es na Deth quit for deth; loo, heer his fynal meede, thing certainer than dede. Ne uncertainer than II 471.5116: Deth quit with deth, and rage with es that tide. 1372 Advocates MS.18.7.21 (John rage. Whiting Drama 281. Grimestone), f.87b in Robbins-Cutler 3100.5: Siker to dele to alle men. To teilen of is time D92 Death gives no warning novere no man kan. cI390 God man arid the cl500 Everyman 7.132: 1 may saye deth geveth devel 335.239-40: The thridde thing is that I no wamynge. thenke, that I schal wende henne Out of this world, but wot I never whenne. cl395 Chaucer D93 Death hangs in his nose 1519 Horman Vulgaria 60[7-8]: Deth hangeth in CT IV[E] 124-6: And al so certein as we knowe echoon Tbat we shul deye, as uncerteyn we alle his nose, or he is at dethis dore. Been of that day whan deeth shal on us falle, D94 Death is an end of every worldly sore a1400 Mortality in Pol. Rei and Love Poems (varied) 263.4: Deye we ssulin sikerliche; bot god wot cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2849: Deeth is an ende wanne and were. al400 Seven Penitential Psalms of every worldly soore. a1439 Lydgate Fall I in Wheatley MS. 29.245-6: I wote wel 1 mote 166.5892: For off al werre deth is the fyn parde, hennys wende, Bot whedir and when I can not III 708.1261: Men seen how deth is fyn of al say. al400 Thre Ages 292-4: And now es dethe myscheefF. Smith 53.

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at my dore that I drede moste; I ne wot wiche daye, ne when, ne whate tyme he comes, Ne whedir-wardes, ne whare, ne whatte to do aftire, 635-6: Ne noghte es sekire to youre-selfe in certayne bot dethe. And he es so uncertayne that sodaynly he comes. al400 Three Certainties in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 250: Hit beoth threo tymes on tho day That sothe to witen me mai: That on ys, that i shal henne. That other, that y not whenne; That thridde is my moste care, That y not whider i shal fare. al400 WycHf Sermons I 252[8-10]: For, as it is ofte seid, deeth is the thridde thing that God wole have unknowun to man, for he shulde ever be redi. cl409 A good makynge in Kail 34.97-8: Man, thou wost wel thou shalt dyghe; What deth, ne where, thou nost whenne. cl415 Middle English Sermons 276.30-6: For foure thinges in tyme of dyinge oweth grettely to be drad. First thou shalt die and yitt thou wot never when; the secound, thou shalt die bet thou wotys not where; the thirde, thou shalt die, thou wotyst not how, whethur of chaunse of infirmité othur by age or othur veys; and the fourte most dredefull ys, thou wat never where thou shalt becom aftur thi dethe. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 117.210: For deathe comethe, wot ther no wyght whan. al425 Chester Plays I 117.327: Sith I must dye I wot not what daye. al425 Daily Work in Yorkshire Writers I 146[1]: Deade that we are siker of and wate noght when. al450 Gesta 304[14]-305[1]: And therfore saide a certayne saynt, in vitis patrum, this in verse. Sunt tria que vere Me faciunt sepe dolere Est primum durum, Quoniam scio me moriturum; Est magis addendo Moriar, set nescio quando, Inde magis flebo. Quia nescio quo remanebo. This is to say, Thre thinges ben, in fay. That makith me to sorowe all way: On is that I shalle henne; An othir, I not never when; The thirde is my most care, I wot not whethir I shall fare. Secundum illud in vitas patrum, Ther ben iij. thingis that I drede; On is, that I shall passe; another is, I not when, and come afor the dome; The third is, I not whedir the sentence shall go for me or agenst me. al450 Knowe thy self in Kail 103.57: Thenke thou shalt dye, and nost whenne. cl450 Douce MS.52 51.83: Sore I syke and well I may For thre thyngis, that comyn ay. The fyrst is: I schall hen; The secunde: I not never when; The thrydde is most care: I not nere, whidur I schall fare. cl450 How the Wyse Man 42.145-8: And deeth is evere, as y trowe. The moost certeyn thing that is; And no thing so uncerteyn to knowe. As is the tyme of deeth, ywis. cl450 Idley 105.1435: Thow hast no seríente of the

houre of Dethe. cl450 Rylands MS.394 101.1-3. 1458 Paston III 124[14-6]: And ther knoweth no man how soon God woll clepe hym, and therfor it is good for every creature to be redy. cl475 Henryson Fables 102.2967-8: For deith will the assay, Thow wait not quhen—evin, morrow or midday, Thre Deid Pollis 205.12-4: The hour of deth and place Is uncertane, Quhilk Is referrit to the hie god allane; Heirfoir half mynd of deth, that thow mon dy. 1484 Ther ne is dangyer 19.19: Ne than the deth nothyng more certayn. 1495 Meditacyons of saynt Bernarde M'ilO-l]: For deth is sure and imdowted: but the houre of deth is prevy and unknowen. alSOO Ancrene (Royal) 37.1-2: Deth that we are sekyr of, bot we wot not w{h)en, ny where, ny how we shal dye. alSOO Epitaph in Pakefield Church, Suffolk, in The East Anglian 2(1864-6) 321: Al schul we hen, Whedir ne when May no man ken, But god above. alSOO Greene Carols 370.3: Whan I schal dey, I know no day; What countre or place I cannot sey; 371.3: Whan I shal deye I ame not suere. In what countre or in what howere. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 208[9-10]: When thou hast gathered all that thou may, Thou shalt departe, and knowest not what day. al500 Hill 141.13-8: Whan I thynk on thingis thre. Well carefull may I be: One is, that I shall henne; an other is, I wot not when. Ofi the thirde is my most care. For I shall dwell I wot not wher. al500 Jesu, Mercy in Brown Lyrics XV 227.171-2: Thou kepe me, lord, I schal dy. And wote nevere wher, whou, ne when. alSOO Man Begins in Brown Lyrics XV 237.3: The deth certane, the houre unseker(nes). al500 Timor Mortis in MLR 28(1933) 236[25-8]: Ther is no thyng that ever God made More certeyn to us than oure dethe is. But more imcerteyne thyng none is yhadd Than the ourre off dethe to us, ywysse. cl500 Greene Carols 376.6: Thou shalt dy thou wote not whan. Nor thou wotest where. cl500 Proper tretyse 244[35-6]: Thynk on thy endyng as nye as thou can: Thou knowyst not how, where, nor whan. 1506 Barclay Castell Еб'-б·": From deth we can us not refrayne The daye and houre is uncertayne, 1509 Ship 1 154[23]: The deth is sure, the houre is uncertayne, II 114[5-7]: No thynge we muse On deth . . . Whiche sure shall come, though tyme be varyable. 1525 Berners Froissart V 108[6-7]: It is sayd, and it is of trouthe, that there is nothyng more certayne than dethe. Oxford 456; Tilley N311, 316; Whiting Drama 299. See D241, M144. D97

Death is common to all (varied)

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al325 Otuel and Roland 119.1916-8: By the DlOO Death takes feeble and strong Ensampyl, who mowe se That no man schall al500 Partenay 61.1607: Tho feble and stronge hys deth fle For none skynnes nede. al338 Man- dethe takyth expresse, 208.6066: But deth sparnyng Chronicle A I 318.9077-8: Of deth may ith noght tho feble ne stronge, 211.6149-53: For non the bale bete. The sorewe nedly byhoveth noght man may do gain mortal deth, loi The men lete. cl350 Royal MS. 8 E xvii f.l09 in feble and strong takith she ech hour; Non hir George F. Warner and J. P. Gilson Catalogue escapith As by no labour. Be it king, or pope, I (1921) 259.25: Riche and pouere, yong and or lordes of landes. All most nedis passe truly eld, There whiles thou havest thi wil a weld, by hyr handes. Sek thi sowie bote: Ofte wan man weneth best Lif and hale, tho and rest, Deth is at DlOl Death takes high and low (varied) his fote. cl375 Barbour Bruce II 177.167-70: cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 3030: He moot be deed, Lordingis, . . . swa is it gane With me, that the kyng as shal a page, cl390 II[B] 1142-4: For thar is nocht bot ane. That is, the ded, with- deeth, that taketh of heigh and logh his rente. outen dreid. That ilk man mon thole on neid. Whan passed was a yeer, evene as I gesse. Out cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1613[В2803]: For deeth of this world this kyng Alia he hente. al393 is the ende of every man as in this present Gower CA II 96.2247-51: For al schal deie and lyf. cl390 Gregorius 10.87-8: Everi mon to al schal passe. Als well a Leoun as an asse, Als dethe schal dryve And eft up risen atte dome, well a beggere as a lord, Towardes deth in on a1400 Ten Stages in Pol. Re. and Love Poems acord Thei schullen stonde, 361-2.2246-9: Al267.8: For det is comun, that wil the take. thogh ther be diverse weie To deth, yit is ther al420 Lydgate Troy III 689.4281-3: The fatal bot on ende, To which that eveiy man schal hour, hard for to remewe. Of cruel deth, which wende. Als wel the beggere as the lord. al425 no man may eschewe Nor in this lyfe finally Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 102.9281-2: And ded, eskape. al450 Gesta 151[6]: Dethe, that sparithe (he) wyst wele, wold not glose. Ne take reward no man, 366[18-9]. cl450 Idley 133.1574-6: to knyght ne knave. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage Deeth at laste that all thyng taketh When 663.24761-4: The which (as 1 wel telle can) Is age Cometh and nature faileth—Of all erthly common to every man. Ther may no man, of no thyng an ende he maketh. cl450 Pilgrimage LM degre, Hygh nor lowh, his power ile, al439 206[13-4]: This thing is al commune to eche Fall III 721.1751: Deth spareth nouther hih man and womman. al470 Malory II 867.12: blood nor hih lynages, cl440 Debate in MP II For of dethe we be syker. al475 Ludus Coven564.612-3: Tweene riche and poore what is the triae 214.130: Ffor deth is dew to every man. difference. Whan deth approchith in any creacl475 Wisdom 64.880: Dethe, to every creature, al449 Tyed with a Lyne in MP II 834.66: ture certen ys. cl477 Caxton Jason 162.1-2: Both high and lough shal go on dethis daunce. Ther was nothing so certayn for every creature cl450 Pride of Life in Waterhouse 94.203-6: as the deth. cl500 Fabyan 90[47]: Deth whiche Yet thogh thou be kinge Nede schalt have ende; sparith no creatour. cl500 О mortali man in Deth overcomith al thinge Hou-so-ever we Studia Neophilologica 26(1953) 64.78: Dethe wende. al460 Towneley Plays 390.111-8: Ther wyll no man spare. 1509 Barclay Ship I 154[24]: is none so styf on stede. Ne none so prowde in Deth is generali to every creature, 265[5]: Deti prese. Ne none so dughty in his dede. Ne none all thynge drawyth. Oxford 7-8; Smith 52; Tilley so dere on deese. No kyng, no knyght, no Wight D142; Whiting Scots I 157. See D243, K49. in wede, Ffrom dede have maide hym seese. Ne flesh he was wonte to fede, It shall be Wörmes D98 Death is common to old and young (varied) mese. 1509 Barclay Ship I 130[28]: For dethe is al300 Alisaunder 52 L 912-3: Nis in this world lyke to hye and lowde ( for lowe) degre. Oxford so siker thyng So is deth to olde and yyng. 7-8; Smith 54; Tilley D143; Whiting Drama 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 71[14-5]: Deth is comon 291. See K49, P298, Rill. to all ages. 1509 Barclay Ship II 172[2β-7]: Yet deth dayly steleth slyely on the: doutles Both D102 Death, Weird or Fortune are not to be yonge and olde must go the same passage. blamed Oxford 464. See M41, 385, S209. 1445 He michti Makar in Felix J. H. Skene Historians of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1877) VII D99 Death makes all things (a)like 1474 Caxton Chesse 80[30-l]: Deth maketh alle 387[9-10]: Quhat proffyt is it, with fortoun for thynge lyke and putteth alle to an ende. See to flyt? Deed, weird na fortoun ar nocht for to wyt. Cf. Smith 1. K49.

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D103 If Death would receive meed (bribe) many DUO To flee as from the Death would overbid others {varied) cl400 Laud Troy I 135.4575: Thei fled fro him al400 Proverbis of Wysdom (Щ 224.89-90: Yif as fro the ded. dethe wolde resayve mede, Many wolde other overbede. c l 5 0 0 Everyman 7.127-9: For and I D i l l To hate as (any) Death al387 Higden-Trevisa 1 159[20]: For hym he {Death) wolde receyve geftes great All the hateth as deth. c l 4 0 0 Brut I 128.18: And hatede worlde I myght gete; All my custome is dene synne as deth, 253.11-2: eny. contrary. Tilley D149. D104 A noble Death is better than a vile D112 Unexpected Death often comes to the man so foolish as not to fear (know) his Lord domination a750 Seafarer in Exeter Book 146.106: Dol bi{) 1450 Diets 250.4-5: A noble dethe is better than se [зе him his dryhten ne ondraedeji; cymeS him a vile dominacioun. 1477 Rivers Dictes 99[6-7]. se deaö un[3inged. a900 Maxims in Exeter Book See D95, 239. 157.35: Dol bi6 se Jie his dryhten nat, to {saes D105 One may not die but such Death as God oft cymeô deaö un{)inged. has ordained c l 4 5 0 Merlin II 521[4-6]: We be alle in aven- D113 Debt must be quit (paid) ture, ne we may not deye but on soche deth c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun II 7.65-6: For all honest det as god hath us ordeyned. suld be Quyt with possibilité. cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 42 [27-8]: And wel ye wote by holy D106 One's Death (destiny) was shaped before chirches lawe. Dette must be payd by othe, his shirt {varied) sothe is this sa we. c l 3 8 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 1566: That shapen was my deeth erst than my sherte, TC iii D114 Not to die in one's Debt al450 Partonope 409-10.9868-9: The white 733-4: О fatal sustren, which, er any cloth Me shelde thinketh not to dey At this tyme in the shapen was, my destine me spönne, cl386 LGW soudans dette. al460 Towneley Plays 285.195: I 2629-30: Syn fyrst that day that shapen was my shall not dy in youre dett! c l 5 0 0 Cock 1[9]: She sherte. Or by the fatal systren had my dom. shyll not dye in his dette. 1508(1519) Stanal405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 402.487-9: Er I was borne, my destanye was spönne By bridge Vulgaria 20.9. al529 Skelton Gamesche I 125.173. Tilley D165. Parcas sustren, to sie me if they conne. For they my dethe shopen or my shert. cl440 Charles of Orleans 112.3345-6: Fortune hath cast me to D115 Not to dwell in one's Debt {varied) myschef Which shapen had my death tofore c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 151.5111-2: He wolde not my shert. al450 Partonope 47.1716: Hyt was me longe dwelle In here dette, He sclow doun right shape or then my serke. 1490 Irlande Meroure alle that he mette, II 500-1.16998-9: Iff any II 141.1-3: It was his destany and he mycht be {warrior) lefft In other det, Thei thenke hit schal na maner evade it, for it was ordand for him be wel quyt. . . . or evir cot or goune was schapin for him.

D107 To be at Death's door 1515 Barclay St. George 41.822: As she that was at dethes dore or brynke. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 56[3]: He is at dethis dore, 60[7-8]. Oxford 134; Tilley D162. See P231. D108 To drink Death's drink cl200 Orm 1 45.1373-4: Thaer Cristess mennisscnesse Drannc daethess drinnch о rodetreo. al250 Death's Wither-Clench in Brown Lyrics Xlll 15.7-8: Nis king ne Quene That ne sel drinke of deth-is drench. D109 al200 ferde flode.

To drink of Death's flood Trinity College Homilies l l l [ 2 9 - 3 0 ] : He fro hevene to helle, he dranc of dethes MED flod 6(d).

D116 To pay the Debt to nature (of death) al333 Shoreham Poems 2.25: And his dethes dette yelde. cl375 Barbour Bruce II 146.209-10: That hym worthit neyd to pay the det That na man for till pay may let. cl400 Seven Sages D 1.10-2: Quhen Üie empryce, his moder deire. Throw det of natur this lyf left. As all that levis mon leif heir eft. al420 Lydgate Troy III 867.3310-1: And after that, she fil in-to seknesse, And hir dette yalde un-to nature, al449 Guy in MP II 523.185: Faide his dette of deth on-to nature, 538.566: Hath yolde hir dette, by deth, un-to nature. 1464 Hardyng 183[18-20]: But in the yere, as Bede hath saied and wryte. That every manne his debte to kynd paye mote: Kyng Ine dyed. cl470 Wallace 25.251: He has payit at he aw. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 8.1-2: Also by the comune lawe of nature, every man muste

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paye his mortal tribute, 141.2-3: Whenne thou fyrst dessayve a man, thay woll fyrst speke fayre shalt paye unto our lorde thy dette of naturale to hym. See M196, S618, W581. dethe. 1490 Caxton Arte and Grafie ΑΙ^ίΠ-δ]: It (death) is the payment of the dette of nature. D123 Who may sooner Deceive another than he al500 Grafi of Dying in Yorkshire Writers II in whom men conceive no malice? 407[31-4]: Deth is nothing els but a . . . payinge al439 Lydgate Fall I 108.3898-9: But who may of dette of naturall dutee. cl500 Fabyan 388[18]: soner a-nother man deceyve, Than he in whom Whiche, unto deth, hath payde his dette due. no malice men conceyve? See E97. Apperson 140; Taylor and Whiting 96; Tilley D124 By praiseworthy Deeds one may be sure D168. to do well in every nation c735 Beowulf 24-5: Lofdaedum sceal In msegjja D117 Yield to all man (their) Debt gehwaere man gejseon. cl395 WBible Romans xiii 7: Therfor yelde ye to alle men dettis. Tilley D634. D125 A Deed done before is ready at need cl350 Good Wife E 166.117-8: Redi is ate nede D118 Of an evil Debtor men nim [take] oats for Bifor don dede. wheat al200 Ancrene 161.1: Me nimeth ed uvei dettur D126 A Deed done before speeds another aten for hweate. al400 Twelve Profits (Royal) in cl350 Good Wife E 166.124-5: Bifore don dede Yorkshire Writers II 55[30-l]: For as men com- Another spedet, al500 N 213.131-2: Before unely saien: "Of an yvel dettoure men taken done deede Another may speede. roghe ootes for wheete." alSOO Twelve Profits (Rawlinson) in Yorkshire Writers II 401 [39-40]: D127 A Deed well done quemes (pleases) the For it is communly seid: "of an evyll payer men heart cl425 Good Wife Η 167.131: A dede wele don receyveth otis for whete." Jente 770; Oxford herte it whemyth. Apperson 141. 134; Tilley D173. D128 Deem not my Deeds, though yours be D119 Deceit deceives and shall be deceived nought al439 Lydgate Fall I 324.4432: Deceit decI450 Cambridge MS. Ii. iii.26 in Rei. Ant. I ceyveth and shal be deceyved. See C529, G491. 2Ö5[3-4]: Deme nott my dedis, thogh thyne be D120 Deceit, weeping, spinning God has given noght; Say whate thow wilte, knowyst nott my thowght. to women (varied) cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 401-2: Deceite, wepDI29 Evil Deeds come to an evil end yng, spynnyng God hath yive To wommen 1525 Berners Froissart IV 215[27]: Ever yvell kyndely, whil that they may lyve. alSOO Court dedes come to an yvell ende. See D137, W647. of Love 424.541-2: That they be bound by nature to disceive. And spinne, and wepe, and D130 A good Deed done through prayer is sugre strewe on gall. alSOO Scorn of Women in bought and sold too dear Bobbins 225.29-34: Women of kinde have aI400 Romaunt С 5234-6: For good dede, don condicions thre: The furst ys they be full of thurgh praiere. Is sold and bought to deere, deseyte; To spynne also ys theyre propurte; iwys. To hert that of gret valour is. See RobinAnd wemen have a wondyrfull conseyte: Ffor son's note, p. 879. they can wepe oft, and all ys as teyte. And ever when they lyst, the teere ys in the ey. D I 3 1 He is gentle that does gentle Deeds cl520 Walter Spectacle 03^24-7]: That nature cI395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1168-70: Reedeth hathe gyven theym no man can deny, It is Senek, and redeth eek Boece; Ther shul ye seen theyr proprytees to be full of dysceytfulnes. To expres that it no drede is That he is gentil that wepe and spynne, and hyde no secretnes, To dooth gentil dedis. Jente 401; MED dede 7; Oxford 235; Smith 60. lye and flatter. Apperson 140; Oxford 726; Skeat 267; Tilley W716. See W537. D132 Ilk (every) good Deed helps (an)other 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 171.86: Ilk gode deid D12I One Deceit brings out another helpis other. cl520 Terens C6'"[21]: One dysseit an other doth out bryng. Tilley D174. D133 Let the Deeds accord with the hest D122 He that will Deceive a man will first speak ( promise) fair to him al420 Lydgate Troy I 88.2559: So that your al415 Mirk Festial 112.11-2: For thylk that wyll dede acorde with your heste. See W642, 645.

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126

D134

D134 No Deed so dem {secret) that it sometime D143 He that soon Deems soon shall repent cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1030[В2220]: For the shall be seen cl330 Qregorius 129 A 709-10: Ther nis non so commime proverbe seith thus: "He that soone dem dede That sum tyme it schal be sene. See deemeth, soone shal repente," 1135[В2325]. Apperson 288: Haste; Oxford 604: Soon; Skeat M806. 248. See D344, N136. D135 To be more wise (better advised) after D144 None so bold to Deem as he that is blent the Deed al387 Higden-Trevisa II 169[8-10]: The men (blinded) beeth . . . to fore the dede blondrynge and al420 Lydgate Troy III 873.3504-5: For to deme hasty, and more wys after the dede. a 1447 ther is noon so beide. As he that is blent with Bokenham Mappula 32[27-9]: And afome that unkonnyng. they schuln oughte doo, inportune they byn and D145 Deeming sets many men's víáts in err(or) fülle hardy, But aftir the dede bettir avysid and al500 Salomon seyth in Person 52.9-10: Demmore avesy; and therfore they lyghtly willyn yng and musyng over ferre Meny mennys wyttys forsake that they hane be-gunne. Cf. Tilly E192. it settisse yn erre. D136 A trae Deed is better than a false word D146 The mickle Deer hene (oppress) the little cl300 South English Legendary I 334.220: al200 Trinity College Homilies 211[3-4]: And Betere is triwe dede thanne fais word. alse the michele deor heneth the little and bi

D137 Ungracious Deeds cannot escape an ill hem libbeth on the wildeme. See F232, G444. ending D147 One slays the Deer whose part is none of al500 Eger Ρ 282.1089-90: Thus ungracious deeds without mending Can never Scape with- the venison al439 Lydgate Fall I 144.5125-6: Oon sleth the out an ill endinge. See D129, W647. deer with an hokid arwe, Whos part is non yit D138 When Deed is done it is too late off the venysoun. See B604, F418. al475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.60: When dede ys doun, hit ys to lat. Apperson 625; Oxford 154. D148 To be beset like a Deer in a net al325 Otuel and Roland 141.2637-8: Tho turpyn See D287. was by-set. As a der in the net. cl350 Libeaus D139 When the Deed is done it is time to take 66.1186-7: But sone he was besette. As deer is sage counsel in a nette. aI533 Berners Arthur 23[16-7]: For whan the dede is done, than it is tyme to take coun- D149 To to-dreve (disperse) (etc.) like Deer sayle both sage and secret. (Of illicit sexual to wood (A number of single quotations ^re intercourse.) brought together here) clOOO Aelfric Lives II 90.356: And judas hi D140 Who is untrae of Deeds it shall rae him to-draefde swa swa deor to wuda. al200 Lawman sorely II 111.12828-9: Heo leopen ut of than wuden, al300 Alisaunder 399.7360-1: Who-so is of dedes Swulc hit deor weoren. cl250 A Springtide Song untrewe, Ofte it shal hym sore rewe. Apperson in Brown Lyrics XIII 110.58-60: He was to647:14; Skeat 66. drawe. So dur islawe In chace. al300 Alisaunder D141 Deem (Judge) not that you be not deemed 137.2435-7: So hij weren a-cowarded alle That hij ferden so dere in halle. And floteden so (judged) clOOO WSG Matthew vii 1: Nellen ge deman, fyre in felde, 209.3736-7: There hij holdeth Jjset ge ne syn fordemede, Luke vi 37: Nelle ge hem to-gidre, So flok of dere in thondre-wedre. deman, and ge ne beoô demede. cl395 WBible al300 Arthour and M.i 196.6999-7000: Um and Matthew vii 1 : Nyle ye deme, that ye be nat stirten ther and her. For houndes so doth the demyd, Luke vi 37: Nyle ye deme, and ye wilde der. cl400 Laud Troy I 210.7134: But schulen not be demed. 1509 Barclay Ship I sat stille as dere on the land, 268.9107-8: He 155[18]: Juge nat another, and thou shalt nat drow hem doun, as men doth dere In wilde wodis jugyd be. 1509 Watson Ship Hl''[3-4]: Juge not to lordis lardere. cl440 Dégrevant 24.339-40: Als the dere in the dene To dede he thame but yf that ye vt^l be juged. Oxford 328. dyghtis. alSOO Eger Ρ 242.652: He spowted forD142 He can never Deem well that does evil ward as he had beene a deere. alSOO Hichecoke This Worlde 333.35-6: This proverbe is tme and full sothe. He kan never DISC For Defaidt of a good man they set a wele deme that evyll dothe. See 162. shrew on (the) bench (varied)

D7am hunde gelic, }>e spiw6 and eft ett jDaet }jaet he гег aspaw. Lives I 272.163-4. cIOOO Vitas Patrum in Assmann 201.194-5: And he saede, {jaet waere geli- H568 Hound will in where he finds it open cost, Jse hund eft hwyrfde to his spiwSan. clOOO al250 Ancrene (Nero) 26.3-4: Hund wule in Pseudo-Alcuin 385.356-8: Hit waere geHcost blitheliche hwar se he i vint hit open, al400 Jian {)e se hund waere eft gecerred to his spy(Recluse) 25.8-9: For men seien abywoorde the

Hound

296

H569

hounde wil in there he fyndeth open. Apperson H575 To be harled (pushed, dragged) like 158:22; Ives 262:3; Oxford 478; Tilley D564. Hounds cl280 Southern Passion 50.1385: Ffor hi beoth H569 It is not good to wake a sleeping Hound y-harled her and ther, as houndes fiFoule ynow. (cat) (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC iii 764: It is nought good a H576 To be worse than a (any) Hound slepyng hound to wake, cI395 CT V[F] 1472: al300 Richard 257.3263: He is wurs than an "Ye, wyf," quod he, "lat slepen that is stille." hound! al325 Otuel and Roland 73.465: And al402 Trevisa IHahgus 19.10-2: Miles: Ye thou worse than ony hounde. al325 Ten Comstireth me and wakith me as hit were of my mandments in Heuser 114.13: eni. cl330 Seven sleep, and makith me speke other wise than y Sages A 64.1513: an, al350 С 56.1649: ani. thought. Clericus: Lete the hound wake and al450 Partonope 211.5580: ony. al475 Ludus berke (var.: Miles: Ye awake the slepynge Coventriae 67.126: an. al500 Guy* 110.3491: dogge etc.). cl405 Mum 76.1703: Hit is no houndes. wisedame forto wake Warrok while he sl(epeth). aI425 Higden-Anon. Cont. VIII 488[8-9]: Where H577 To chase as Hound does the hare (harts) men of Fraunce hadde experience that hit was al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 271.7706: And perellous to wake an olde dogge from siepe. chased hem as hound doth the hare. al400 cl450 Idley 86.326: Awake not hym that is Melayne 50.1558-9: And thus thay chase tham asleepe. 1509 Fyftene Joyes H4''[8]: For he here and thare. Als the howndes dose the hare. awaked hath the slepynge catte. 1546 Heywood al400 Siege of Jerusalem 33.595 (var.). cl400 D 41.194: It is evyll wakyng of a sleepyng dog, Laud Troy I 189.6420: He chases us as hound 1555 E 151.30: ill wakyng. Apperson 578; Ox- doth hares. cl410 Lovelich Grail IV 293.614: ford 362, 689; Tilley W7; Whiting NC 398:40. As faste as the howndes hertes don chas. H570 It is too late to lead an old Hound in a band 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 11 [23-4]: It is to late an olde hounde in a bande to lede. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 105:6. See D313.

H578 To couch (crouch) like a Hound cl440 Prose Alexander 9.7-8: And righte as a honda will couche when his maister biddes hym, so dide he till Alexander. Whiting Drama 310:95.

H579 To do no more reverence to one than to H571 A mad Hound cares for neither friend or a Hound foe (bites his own master) 897 Alfred Boethius 111.17-8: Se . . . ne mymS cl400 Brut I 240.26-7: For men dede him no naujser ne friend ne fiend {De ma Jie wedende more reverence than me wolde do unto an hund. Lays of Boethius 192.17-8: Ac he reôig- hunde. mod rsest on gehwilcne, wede hunde wuhta H580 To doubt (fear) not the valure (worih) gelicost. 1340 Ayenbite 70[3-5]: Thise byeth of an old dead Hound ase wode houndes, thet biteth and ne knaweth 1485 Caxton Charles 110.32-3: For I doubte naght hare Ihord. cl400 Vices and Virtues the not the valure of an olde dede hounde and 67.34-5: Thilke fareth as a wod hound, that drowned. See H590. biteth and knoweth not his owne maister. ApH581 To drive as Hound does the hart (hare) person 161:79; O φ r d 396. See M90. al200 Lavraian III 65.26760-2: Tha gon he to H572 The more Hounds the worse lap (liquid riden Aefne al swa swithe, Swa hund thene dog food) heort driveth. al375 Octavian (S) 48.1529-30: cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.12: The mo houndes The Soudan drof hem yn the feld. As hond doth the werse lape. Quo numerus maior lingentium the hare. lucio peior. NED Lap sb.^. H582 To follow as Hound does hare (etc.) (A H573 Not worthy (for) Hounds to dwell in number of single quotations are brought tocl400 Mandeville Travels 83.10: The contree is gether here) not worthi hoimdes to duell inne. Cf. Taylor clSOO Havelok 66.1994: He folwede hem so and Whiting 85: Crow(l). hund dos hare. al325 Cursor II 968.16129-30: And werid him on his aun bit. Als hund es on H574 To be hanged like Hounds cl470 Wallace 148.270: As bestiali houndis a ban. cl330 Horn Childe 181.206-7: The yrise hangit our a tre. Taylor and Whiting 107. See folk about him yode. As hondes do to bare. cl400 Satan and his Children in Wyclif EW T552.

H594

297

Hound

216[33]: And fightten as woode houndis. cl400 104.56-7: That me us honteth as hound deth Laud Troy I 219.7437-8: He made hem fle for the hare. He us honteth ase hound hare doht drede a-ferd, As hound dos dere of his herd. on hulle. aI352 Minot 28.21: He sail you hunt al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 349.12862-3; I trace als hund dose hare. al375 William 124.3835-6: affter, as doth an hound. To ffynde the ffwet I wold him hunte as hard as ever hounde in wher mete ys good. al450 Castle 105.923-4: erthe Honted eny werwolf. al425 Arthour and Walkyn and wende Hyghe over holtis, as hound M.2 295.414: But hunted them, as hound doth aftyr hare. al450 Generydes A 161.5143-4: As hare. cl500 Arthour and M.^ 434.397. Whiting an hound that wold bite, Semblaunce he made Scots I 192. forto smite. cl450 Seege of Troye 115 A 1449-50: H589 To ride (and run) as (a) Hound(s) (upon And wan ector had that wonde. He grevyd as their prey) hyt wer an honde. al500 Beves 30 M 512: That cl400 Laud Troy I 168.5676-7: Among the they lay gronyng as an hound. Troyens he rode and ran, As hundes doth upon his pray. cl475 Guy^ 485 С 8560: To Gye rode H583 To gnaw (and bite) like a Hound cl400 Laud Troy II 547.18576: And as an as an hounde. hound hem gnow and bot. cl515 Barclay H590 To set no more by one than of an old Eclogues 82.805: On it faste gnawing as houndes dead Hound ravenous. 1485 Caxton Charles 109.28-9: He setteth nomore by the than of an olde hounde dede. See H584 To grin like a Hound al325 Otuel and Roland 94.1144: He grenned H580. as an hownde, 105.1495. aI350 Castelford H591 To spurn one as a Hound 91.22222: Griseli and als A hunde he grinde. al500 Stations 358.158: With ther fete thei al500 Beves 48 M 6: That they lay grennynge spumed (him) as a hunde, 164: Spume ye his lyke an hounde. See G465. body as a hounde. H585 To hate one like a Hound H592 To stink like the (a, any) Hound (varied) al300 Beves 93.1848: For he hateth hem ase al300 XI Pains 150.123: And stinketh fulre hounde. cl375 St. Catherine 167.226: For als thane the hund. al325 Owayne Miles (Auchina hund all thai hir hated. cl400 Шу Poor leck) 106.116.4: It stank fouler than ani hounde. Priests Have no Benefice in Wyclif EW cl325 Body and Soul in Böddeker 238.71: 250[16-7]. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ Stynken worse then any hound, a1400 Ancrene 77.8367. al508 Dunbar Tretis 91.273: I hatit (Recluse) 33.31-2: For oure mouth stynketh him like a hund. Whiting Scote I 192. upon hym fouler than any roten dogge, 99.30: Η58β To hold with the Hound (fox) and run For her mouth stinketh fouler tofore god than any roten dogge. al400 Firumbras 11.277: an. with the hare (varied) al415 Mirk Festial 192.21-2: The whech choynus al449 Lydgate They That No While Endure stonk as a pulled honde. 1438 Barlam and in MP II 821.33: Ner he that holdeth bothe Josaphat (Vernon) 220.388: an. al460 Towneley with hounde and hare, с1450 Ehike of Suffolk Plays 391.146: And stynke as dog in dyke. in Wright Political Poems II 224[5]: Sum of al475 Gut/2 111.3888: Hyt stanke as a pyllyd yow holdith with the Fox, and rennythe hare. hownde. al500 Stations 366.809-10: And had cI450 Jacob's Well 263.19-20: Thou hast a lyghe stynkynge in the grond, A hundreht parte crokyd tunge heldyng wyth hownd and wyth wers than a hunde. al513 Dunbar Of a Dance hare. 1546 Heywood D 36.24: To holde with 61.48: He stinckett lyk a tyk. Whiting Drama the hare, and run with the hotmd, 1555 E 310:95, Scote II 147. 158.72, 1556 Spider 152[17]. Apperson 541; Oxford 553; Tilley H158. See S63L H593 To strangle Hounds with a lump of tallow H587 To hoot (spit, halloo) on one as he had al400 Wyclif Sermons I 247[12-3]: But the fend hath stranglid these houndis with talwe, been a Hound al325 Cursor II 904.15833-4: Thai huited (F; that thei mai not berke. cl400 De Apostasia spitte, T: halowed) on him viliker Than he had in Wyclif SEW III 440[5-7]; For a lumpe of talowe stranglith the houndis, and lettith hem ben a hund. bothe to berke and to byte. H588 To hunt as Hound does the hare (wereH594 To take a (strange) Hound (dog) by the wolf) al325 Song of the Husbandman in Böddeker ears

Hound

298

H595

cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1543[В2733]: For right yer. 1523 Berners Froissart II 58[16-7]: You as he that taketh a straunge hound by the eris myght lese more in a daye, than we have wonne is outherwhile biten with the hound. cl395 in twenty yere. See G335. WBible Proverbs xxvi 17: As he that takith a dogge bi the eeris. Oxford 722: Wolf; Tilley НбОЗ As great as a House clOOO Aelfric Lives II 104.566: Yip is ormœte W603. nyten mare {)onne sum hus. al300 Alisaunder 280.5235-6: Hii maden fyres vertuous Fyve H595 When the Hound shits he barks not 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[26-7]: So hundreth, uche gret als an hous. Taylor Comparisons 16: big. whan the hownde shytyth he berkyth noth. H596 While the Hound gnaws bone yfere H604 Better to hold a poor House than lie in prison in fetters of gold (fellow) wills he none (varied) al300 Trinity MS. O. 2.45 8(16): Wil the hand al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 218 n.': gnagth bon, ifere nele he non. Dum canis os Therefore better yt were, a pouer house to rodit, soeiari pluribus odit. cl415 Middle Eng- holde, Then to lye in preason in fetteres of lish Sermons 89.15-6: For when the hounde golde. Robbins-Cutler 512.5. See M237. knawithe the bone, than of felishippe kepeth Ηβ05 Buy no House before you know your he none. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.5a in Retroneighbor spective 309[33] and Förster 202.13: Whyl the al500 Disciplina Clericalis 39[30-l]: Ne bie dogge gnaweth (bone, cumpanion wold he have thou non house bifore that thow knowe thi nan). Apperson 162; Oxford 151; Tilley D518; neighburgh. Walther I 799.6445. See H558. H606 He that will build a House securely must H597 As harsh as a Hound-flsh not set it on the highest hill al400 Morte Arthure 32.1084: Harske as a 897 Alfred Boethius 26.23-4: Se ^e wille faest hunde-flsch. hus timbrian ne sceal he hit no settan up on H598 It happens in an Hour that happens not Sone hehstan cnoll. Lays of Boethius 159.4-6: He ne herde {last on heane munt Monna aenig in seven years (varied) meahte asettan Healle hroffaeste. al470 Parker 1525 Berners Froissart IV 298[10-2]: For a case Dives A2''[2.17-9]: The hous that standeth may fall in an houre or in a daye that perhyghe on a hylle is in more tempest than the adventure shall not fall agayne in an himdreth one in the valaye. See W344. dayes. 1546 Heywood D 48.230: It hapth in one houre, that hapth not in .vii. yere, 1555 E Ηβ07 He that will keep a good House must 151.31, 1556 Spider 260[11]: Hit hapth on one ofttimes break a sleep houre, that before never hapt, 268[25]: Hap al500 Cood Wife N 215.182-3: He that woll a hapth in one houre, as hath hapt in no houres. good house keepe Must ofte-times breake a Apperson 283; O φ r d 87; Tilley H741. See D56, sleepe. NED Break 29a. See H610. YIO. H608 The House is surest when the doors are barred H599 One dies when his Hour comes 1509 Barclay Ship I 110[20]: Also the hous is al533 Berners Huon 285.4-5: Have no doute of surest whan the dorys be barryde. See S697. me that I shal dye tyll myn hovue be come. See M246. H609 The Houses of laborers stand longest cl025 Durham Proverbs 14.33: Tilige(nd)ra hus H600 One Hour makes past labor happy 1515 Barclay St. George 102.2572: One hour lencgest standath. (I)nstanter laborantium diutissime stat domus. See R191. makyth happy all the labour past. H601 One may catch in an Hour what will H610 It behooves him to do mickle that will look to a good Ноше savor full sour as long as he lives al460 Towneley Plays 119.97-8: Ffor thou may alSOO Good Wife N 214.147-8: Mikell him cach in an owre That shall (savour) fülle sowre behoves to doe A good house that will looke to. As long as thou lyffys. See L274, M148, 642. Apperson 316:10. See H607. H602 To lose in an Hour what one might labor H611 Seldom is the House poor there God is for the long year (varied) steward al393 Gower CA II 327.969-71: For in an cl350 Good Wife E 158.11: Seide is the hous houre He lest al that he mai laboure The longe pouere wher God is stiward. Apperson 251-2.

H628

299

Hugger-mugger

Ηβ12 They reck not whose House bums so they H619 The better the Household the nobler the may warm them by the coals guests 1481 Caxton Reynard 78[24-6]: They retche not cl025 Durham Proverbs 13.27: Swa cystigran whos(e) hows brenneth, so that they warme hiwan swa cynnigran gystas. Tam honestos them by the coles. Apperson 72:5; Oxford 534; hospites quam suscipientes esse oportet. See Tilley H763. note p. 17. H6I3 To be shifted out of House and home H620 Full woeful is the Household that wants 1519 Horman Vulgaria 422[26]: I am shyft out a woman of house and home at my fathers. al460 Towneley Plays 129.420-1: Ffull wofull is the householde That wantys a woman. Oxford Ηβ14 To eat one out of House (varied) al460 Towneley Plays 124.245: 1 were eten 722. outt of howse and harbar. 1469 Paston V H621 To be up in the House-roof 22[ll-2]: I eete lyek a horse, of purpose to eete 1546 Heywood D 71.48: He is at three woordes yow owte at the dorys. 1483 Vulgaria quedam up in the house roufe. Apperson 317; Oxford abs Terencio 07''[9]: They shall soone ete the 309; Tilley H797, W783. out of house. 1509 Barclay Ship II 93[17]: And ete theyr mayster out of hous. Apperson 177; H622 A clean-fingered Housewife and an idle NED Door 6; Oxford 1ΘΘ; Taylor and Whiting 1546 Heywood D 38.97: A cleane fingred huswyfe, and an ydell, men saie. Apperson 101; 194; Tilley H784. Tilley H798. H615 To mend one House and (im)pair another H623 To make one a Houve (cap) above a caul 1546 Heywood D 90.52: I will now mend this (netted cap) house, and payre an other, 1555 E 159.81. cl385 Chaucer TC iii 775-6: And maken hym Tilley H774. an howve above a calle, I meene, as love anH616 When a House is fired it is too late to other in this while. MED calle 1(b); NED Houve. treat of the sparkle that caused it (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC iii 856-9: For whan a H624 To make one a Houve of glass (varied) chaumbre afire is, or an halle, Wei more nede cl300 Body and Soul 49 L 374: And madest is, it sodeynly rescowe Than to dispute and axe me an houve of glas. cl378 Piers В xx 171: And amonges alle How this candele in the strawe is thei gyven hym agayne a glasen houve. cl385 falle. al420 Lydgate Troy I 369.7870-3: For Chaucer TC ν 469: Fortune his howve entended thow(gh) that men with homys blowe and pipe bet to glaze! al400 Scottish Legends II 278.227-8: Whan an hous is fired in his hete. Of the Thu did nocht ellis, I se now. Bot to god mad sparkle to late is to trete That causid al. See a clasine how. al425 Celestin in Anglia 1(1877-8) 82.626-7: Coveitise me taughte, fais it was. T324. Thou madeste me an houve of glas. al500 Clerk H617 Whoso builds his House after every man, and the Nightingale II in Bobbins 179.81-2: And sehe schal make a glasyn cappe. And to it shall stand acrook cl450 Douce MS.52 46.25: Who-so byldeth after skorn lawth the. NED Houve. every man his howse, hit schall stonde a-croke. cl450 Rylands MS.394 97.30. Cf. Tilley D593. H625 Howe (Pprudence) binds wisdom cl250 Hendyng О 192.6: Howe bind wisdom, See B221, M115. С 184.11: Hou bind wis man. Kneuer 25-8; H618 Whoso that builds his House all of sallows Schleich 250-1; Singer III 126-7. (willows), etc. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 654-8: Thanne wolde H626 To flee like a Howlat chased with crows he seye right thus, withouten doute: "Whoso al508 Dunbar FlyHng 11.219: Than fleis thow that buyldeth his hous al of salwes, And priketh lyk ane howlat chest with crawis. his blynde hors over the falwes. And suffreth his w ^ to go seken halwes, Is worthy to been H627 In Hudder-mudder hanged on the galwes!" cl417 ùmsdowne 1461 Paston III 289-90: He and hys wyfe and MS.762 in Rei Ant. I 233: Who that byldeth his other have blaveryd here of my kynred in howse all of salos. And prikketh a blynde horsse hedermoder. cl522 Skelton Colyn 1313-4.69-70: over the folowes. And suffereth his wif to seke For in hoder moder The Churche is put in faute. many halos, God sende hym the blisse of ever- NED Hudder-mudder. lasting galos! 1486 PBemers Boke of St. Albans H628 In Hugger-mugger F5^. Apperson 71; Oxford 68. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 13.387: As men dare

Hugh

300

speke it hugger mugger. 1528 More Heresyes 184 B[14-5]: Not alway whispered in hukermoker, 281 С [8-9]: They . . . teache in hucker mucker, 1532 Confutación 341 D[13]: Kepte in hucker mucker, 355 G[16-7]. 1556 Heywood Spider 46[6]: Then here (in hucker mucker) me to murder. NED Hugger-mugger; Oxford 309; Tilley H805; Whiting Drama 350:639. See H402.

H629

c l 4 2 0 Page Siege 164.602: Ffor hunger brekythe the stone walle. c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.52 46.28: Hungur brekyth stone and walle. al500 Guy'^ 19.295-6: But 1 have heard say—and yet I shall —That hunger breaketh a stone-wall. 1546 Heywood D 55.19: Hunger perseth stone wall, 1556 Spider 253[12]: Manie say oft, honger perseth the stone wall. Apperson 317-8; Oxford 310; Taylor and Whiting 195-6; Tilley H811.

H629 That would 1 see, quod bhnd Hugh 1533 Heywood Pardoner B3''[34]: Mary, that H638 Hunger chases the wolf out of the wood 1483 Caxton Cato B6^[4-5]: For thus as hunger wolde I se, quod blynde hew. Apperson 55; chaceth the wolfe out of the wode, thus sóbrete Oxford 570; Tilley G84. See M51. chaseth the devyl fro the man. Apperson 318; H630 By Hums and h a s Jente 391; O φ r d 310; Tilley H812. 1469 Paston V 21[12-3]: He wold have gotyn H639 Hunger drops out of his nose it aweye by humys and by hays, but I wold 1546 Heywood D 49.265: Hunger droppeth not so be answeryd. NED Hum sb.^ 2a. even out of bothe their noses, 1555 E 180.192: H631 Hence to Humber Hunger droppeth out of his nose. Apperson al450 Partonope 136.3881-2: For the marchandys 318; Oxford 310; Tilley H813. hynnes to Humbere The valewe ther-off cowthe not nummbere. H640 Hunger fights within and may overcome without iron H632 Too much Humbleness makes people over 1489 Caxton Fayttes 62.7-8: For honger fighteth bold within forth and may over come wythout yron, al475 Ashby Dicta 76.748-9: For to meche 101.2-3: Grete wisedom it is to constrayne hys humblesse, used of olde. Make the meche people enemye more by honger than by yron, 128.1-2. to be over bolde. See H426. See C74, H645. H633 Hot Humor (?affection) that is parted will H641 Hunger has no skill (discrimination) sooner wax cold c l 4 0 0 Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW 111 c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 81.760: Or (butter) 131 [3-4]: Ffor hote humoure that is partid wil worse then thy chese, but hunger hath no skill. souner waxe colde. See Ε21β, H554, 8307. Ηβ42 Hunger is the best sauce (varied) H634 What one wins in the Hundred he loses in the shire (varied) 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 93.10-1: What so ever thou Wynnes in the shyre thou shall lese it in the hondreth. 1546 Heywood D 92.76: What ye wan in the hundred ye lost in the sheere. Apperson 317; Orford 387; Tilley H809. H635 Full hard is Hunger in hale {healthy) maw al400 Scottish Legends 1 169.653-4: Fore It is sad in elderys saw: "Ful harde is hungyre in hale maw." cl420 Wyntoun 11 159.199-200: For hym thoucht that ane hard thraw, Hungyr than in til hail maw. Tilley H816; Whiting Scots I 192. НбЗб He can have you who calls for you, said the man who saw Hunger going away cl02S Durham Proverbs 15.45: Age {зе se Jie asfter cige, cwaejj se {)e geseah hungor of tune faran. Te habe(a)t qui te vocet, ait qui famem vidit abeuntem. H637

Hunger breaks the stone wall

(varied)

al375 William 66.1181-3: Thei ete at here ese as thei might thanne. Boute salt other sauce or any semli drynk. Hunger hadde hem hold. c l 3 7 5 Barbour Bruce 1 71.539-41: And thai eyt it with full gud will. That soucht (nane othir) salss thar-till Bot appetyt, that oft men takys. al376 Piers A vii 248-9: Ete not, ich hote the, til hunger the take. And sende the sum of his sauce to saver the the betere. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 2834[В4024]: Of poynaunt sauce hir neded never a deel. al500 Ancrene (Royal) 19.16-7: Let hunger provok thin appétit and no lustynes, 21-3: Hungor and salte ar sause god ynogh to an hole man for any mete, as Seyn Bernard seys. alSOO MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 189 n. 5: Socrates: The best sauce in the worlde for meats is to be hungrye. el515 Barclay Eclogues 80.743: Make hunger thy sause be thou never so nice, cl523 Mirrour 61[22]: Let hunger be thy sauce thy meates to season. Apperson 318; Oxford 310; Skeat 127; Smith 156; Taylor and Whiting 195; Tilley H819; Whiting Scots I 132: Appetite. See M473, S63.

H655

301

Husband

H643 Hunger makes hard beans (bones) sweet H649 To hunt as Hunter does the hare al325 Pers of Birmingham in Heuser 162.9[5-6]: (soft) cl450 Douce MS.52 46.29: Hungur makyth With streintìi to hunt ham ute. As hunter doth harde benys swete. cl475 Rawlimon MS. D 328 the hare. 123.63: Hungger makyth arde benis honi suete. H650 To set out spears like a Hurcheon (hedgeal500 Additional MS.37075 278.24: Honger hog) makyth hard bens hony swete. al500 Hill 133.55: Hungre maketh harde bones softe. 1549 Hey- cl375 Barbour Bruce I 312.353-4: That, as ane wood D 40.173: Hunger makth hard beanes hyrcheoune, all his rout Gert set out speris all sweete. Apperson 318; Jente 389; О ф г й 310; about. NED Hurcheon. Tilley H822; Walther I 849.6804. See S753. H651 To have one on the Hurdle 1546 Heywood D 75.175: Then have ye him on H644 Hunger passes kind (nature) and love the hyp, or on the hyrdell. NED Hurdle Ic. cl420 Page Siege 160.521: But hunger passyth kynde and love. cl430 Brut II 401.21-2: And Ηβ52 He that has a privy Hurt is loath to have we may preve by that pepull there, that houngir an outward shame al470 Malory I 396.15-6: For he that hath a passithe kyndenesse and eke love. prevy hurte is loth to have a shame outewarde. H645 There Hunger is hot, hearts are feeble al400 Destruction of Troy 168.5171: And there H653 The Hurt of one makes the other happy hongur is hote, hertis ben febill. See F390, H640. cl475 Henryson Fables 39.1065: The hurt off ane happie the uther makis. See С104, 329, H646 The Hungry and the ftill sing not one song Μ486, 042. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[22-3]: The hungery and the ftille synge not oon songe. Cf. H654 A little Hurt in the eye derves (troubles) more than a mickle in the heel Tilley B290, S676. See F697, W551. al200 Ancrene 61.3-4: Alutel hurt i then ehe H647 The Hungry dies as well as the full fed derveth mare then deth a muchel i the hele, 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[24-5]: The for the flesch is deaddre, alSOO (Royal) 23.9-10: hungery dyeth as wele as the full fedd. As a litel hurt in the egh greves more then a grete stroke on the bake. H648 A Hunter's mass cl400 Order of Priesthood in Wyclif EW H655 Such Husband such wife 168[5-6]: And blabren out matynys and masse 1474 Caxton Chesse 35[7]: Suche husbond suche as hunteris with-outen devocion. NED Hunter 5d. wyf. See W239.

11 As cold as (any) Ice 16 Idleness is the nurse (mother, gate) of the cl300 Guyi 30.515: That y wex cold as ise. vices (evils, sins) (varied) cI300 Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 105.93[4]: al050 Defensor Liber 89[7-9]: Idelnysse so8And cold it was as ani ise. cl330 Owayne lice underjjeodde га|зе galscype imdersmyhö Miles (Ashmole) in Horstmann Altenglische aemtigne galnys rajje of{)rycS. al200 Ancrene Legenden 1875 165.378: Caldere was then eny 216.16: Of idelnesse awakeneth muchel flesches is. al393 Gower CA III 173.245-6: Ne frosen ys fondunge. al200 Lawman II 624-5.24911-22: upon the wal More inly cold than I am al. For idelnesse is luther On aelchere theode, For al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 392.234. idelnesse maketh mon His monscipe leose; cl440 Revelation in Yorkshire Writers I 387[22]: Ydelnesse maketh cnihte For-leosen his irihte; any. aI450 Generydes A 237.7683-4. al450 Idelnesse grseitheth Feole uvele craften; IdelLove that god loveth in Kail 73.24. cl450 La nesse maketh leosen Feole thusend monnen; Tour-Landry 188.26-7: ony. 1481 Caxton Mir- Thurh etheliche (?ideliche) dede Lute men ror 112[28], Reynard 37[26-7]. alSOO Ghostly wel spedeth. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I Battle in Yorkshire Writers II 432[20-I]: any. 282.4022-4: Vor wanne men beth al ydel that al500 Peterborough Lapidary in Lapidaries er batalles soghte. Ног ydelnesse hom ssal bringe 92[27]: anny. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 110.97. to sunne of lecherye. To taverne and to sleuthe Apperson 106; Taylor and Whiting 197; Tilley and to hasardrie. aI338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 12; Whiting Scots I 192. 405.11565-70: Ffor Idelnesse norischeth but ivel; Temptacion of flesche and of the devel; Ila Ice-cold Idelnesse maketh man ful slow. And doth a750 Seafarer in Exeter Book 143.14: Iscealdne prowesse falle right low; Idelnesse norischeth sae, 19. c897 Alfred Lays of Boethius 197.3: lecherye. And doth us tente to such folye. cl340 Iscalde sas. Taylor and Whiting 197; Whiting Ayenbite 20β[24-6]: Thanne the writinge zayth Ballad 28. thet idelnesse . . . is maystresse of mocha quead. cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 1-3: The ministre 12 He was never wise that went on the Ice and the norice unto vices, Which that men cl450 Douce MS.52 48.46: He was never wyse, clepe in Englissh ydelnesse, That porter of the That went on the yse. Cf. Whiting Scots I 192. gate is of delices, cI390 VII 1589[B2779]: For Salomon seith that "ydelnesse techeth a man 13 To melt away like Ice of winter cI395 WBible Wisdom xvi 29: The hope of an to do manye yveles," X[I] 714: Thanne comth unkynde man schal melte awei as iys of wyntir, ydelnesse, that is the yate of alle harmes. An ydel man is lyk to a place that hath no walles; and schal perische as superflu watir. the develes may entre on every syde, or sheten 14 To stand on the Ice at hym at discovert, by temptacion on every cI4I2 Hoccleve Regement 33.907-9: Be war, syde. al393 Gower CA II 330.1086-9: Ther is rede II thou standist on the ys: It hath ben yit on, which Ydelnesse Is cleped, and is the seen, as weleful and as wys As thou, han slide. Norrice In mannes kynde of every vice. Which secheth eases manyfold. III 357-8.4384-6: And 15 To vanish like the Ice worldes ese, as it is told. Be weie of kinde is 1509 Barclay Ship I 282[21]: Theyr hope van- the norrice Of every lust which toucheth vice. yssheth as doth the . . . усе. 302

18

303

Ignorance

cl395 WBible Π Kings xi 1 gloss: For the idylnes ys nought in no degre. The moder of poete seith, If thou takist away idilnessis, the vyce ys, I am in suerte. cl475 Theuns 184.120: craftis of coveitise, that is, of leccherie, per- Fore mekill ill cummys of ydilnes. 1483 Caxton ischiden, Ecclesiasticus xxxiii 29: Idilnesse hath Cato C2^[23-4]: Slouthfulnesse whiche is moder taughte miche malice, a1400 SœtHsh Legends and nourice of alle synnes, G2''[l-2]: Ydlenesse I 1.1-5: Catone sais, that suthfaste thing is, and slouthfulnesse, moder of al synnes. 1483 That Idilnes giffis nourysingis To vicis. Thare- Quatuor Sermones 35[27-8]: Fie ydelnesse for for, quha-sa wil be Vertuise suld Idilnes fle, As it is enemye of cristen sowlis, stepmoder to sais "the romance of the rose," II 313.311-2: goodnes . . . and the key of all vyces. cl483 And welth had and Idilnes, That drew hyme Caxton Dialogues 3.12-3: Flee ydlenes, smal in-to wantones. cl400 Lay Folks' Catechism and grete, For all vices springen therof, 1484 95.1389-91: For ydylnesse . . . is witte wyssynge Royal Book C2''[4]: Flee ydlenes whyche is and wey to al maner synnes and vices. cl410 cause of alle evyl, R4'·"^: Ydlenesse . . . is Edward of York Master 6[36]: Ydelnesse is maystresse of many evylles. 1491 Rule of St. foundement of alle vices and of synnes. с 1420 Benet (3) 121.29-30: Idylnesse, the norisshe of Wyntoun IV 151.263-4: That thai sulde noucht al synnes. cl497 Medwall Fulgens F5'[22]: for idilnes Fai in til ewil thowlesnes. 1422 Idelnes the causer of syn. alSOO Leconfield Yonge Govemaunce 158.3-5: For holy write Proverbs 482[35]: Idilnes whiche in youthe is sayth Ociositas inimica est anime, et radyx moder of all vice. al500 Medwall Nature viciorum. That is to say, "Idylnysse is the enemy I2''[ll-3]: Idelnes . . . ys the very moder and of the Sowie, and rote of vicis." al425 Daily maysters of syn. cl500 Betson Treatyse C2"'[20-l]: Work in Yorkshire Writers I 139[5]: Idelnesse Beware of ydelnes the whiche is moder of all is norice til all vices. al439 Lydgate Fall I synne and unclennesse. cI500 PBradshaw Rade131.4685-6: Idilnesse, Mooder off vicis, 263- gunde 4 [14-5]: Ydelnesse Whiche to all vyce is 4.2249-51: Moodir off vices, callid idilnesse, rote and maistresse. clSOO Lyfe of Roberte Which off custum ech vertu set aside In ech 262.1136: Idlenes to myscheif many a one doth acourt wher she is maistresse, 271.2520: Fond brynge. clSOO Passetyme in Stevens Music idilnesse mooder off vices alle, 2527, Il 358. 344.2[5-7]: Idelnes Ys cheff mastres Of vices 1058-60: Idilnesse, . . . For she off vices is a all. 1506 Barclay Castell Α2··[6]: Idelnes moder cheeff maistresse, III 794.696-7: And ground of of all adversyte. al507 Dunbar Dance 122.81: al, as cheef(e) porteresse, Texile vertu was fro- And Ydilnes did him (Lechery) leid. 1509 Barward idilnesse. cl440 Daily Work in Yorkshire clay Ship 1 18[7-8]: Ydilnes whyche (as saint Writers I 314[9]: Ydilnes es a vyce that wyrkes Bernard sayth) is moder of al vices. 1509 Hawes mekill evyll, for it nuresche to all that evyll es. Convercyon A2''[20-l]: For ydlenesse, the grete cl440 Scrope Epistle of Othea 71[2-3]: And moder of synne, Every vyce is redy to lette Arystotle seith that ydilnes ledyth a man to all ynne. al520 Whittinton Vulgaria 41.6: Idelnes inconveniences, 77[31-2]: And a wyse man . . . is the nourysshe of all vyces. cl520 Walter seith, "Idilnes engendyrth idylnes (/or ignorance) Spectacle Al*[l]: Ydelnesse is rote of all vyces. and errour." al449 Lydgate Dietary in MP II cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes 121.942-3: Idylnes, 706.140-1: Slombryng ydilnesse, Which of al Whych is the moder of vyce and wretchydnes. vices is cheeff port(e)resse. Epistle in MP I 1532 Berners Golden Boke 243.4141-3: Ydel18.132: That moder of vyces is wilful ydelnesse, nesse . . . whiche openeth the gate to all vyces, Fabules in MP II 571.135: Vyces all procede of al533 Arthur iii[5-6]: Ydelnesse is reputed to idelnesse. 1450 Diets 290.19-20: Idebes engen- be the moder of al vices. 1533 Heywood Weather derithe ignoraunce, and ignoraunce errour. 01''[26-7]: Lest vyce myght enter on every cl450 Capgrave Lives 55.29: Ydilnesse, whech syde, Whyche hath fre entre where ydylnesse is step-modir of all vertu. cl450 Epistle of Othea doth reyne. Apperson 322; Oxford 313; Smith 99.8-9: Therfor seyth aristotle: Ydelnes bryngeth 157; Taylor and Whiting 198; Tilley 113; Whitin all inconveniences. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I ing Drama 104, 135, 157, 247, Scote I 192-3. 4.3-4: Ydlenes whyche is moder and nourysshar See 014, S392. of vyces, II 503.1: In eschewyng of ydlenes moder of all vices. al475 Tree 147.14-5: Ydilnes . . . is the yate of all vices and namly of camel 17 Rather ill occupied than in Idleness vices. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 125.82: Off 1556 Heywood E 129.60.6-7: That in thee, er all y-dellys commyt hall myscheffe. Omne idelnesse shalbe spied, Thou wilt yet rather be malum pertuht ociositas e pro ocio devenit ill occupied. Cf. Tilley 17, 8. See 015. omne malum. cl475 St. Anne (2) 92.60-1: Ffor 18 Ignorance is foimtain and mother of all evils 1483 Caxton Cato I2'[12]: Ignoraunce is fontayne

Ignorance

304

19

and moder of alle evyls. Cf. Oxford 313; Tilley 121 As stable as an Image cl500 О beauteous braunche in Anglia 72(1954) 118. 402.20: But stable as an Ymage. 19 Ignorance shall excuse (no man) cl412 Hoccleve Regement 92.2549: Excuse 122 As stark ( s t i f f ) as an Image schal hym naght his ignorance. Oxford 314; cl425 St. Elizabeth of Spalbek 108.2-3: Alle Tilley 119. Starke as an ymage of tree or stoon, 111.44: Alle Starke as an ymage. 110 Cast (plan) not to wreak [avenge) all 111 cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.170: Caste the not al 123 As Still as an Image yll to wreke. See W718. al400 Ramaunt Б 2408: Styl as an ymage of tree. 111 He that can (krwws) 111 might as well leam goodness 124 A good Imp (shoot) brings forth good fruit 1509 Barclay Ship I 47[7]: He that can yll as al533 Berners Huon 12.7-9: I have harde say well myght lerne goodnes. that a good Impe bryngethe forth good freute. See T465. 112 If one does 111 evil shall he speed al400 How to hear Mass 498.206: Yif thou do 125 An Imp savors ever of its root lile, uvei schalt thou spede. 1464 Hardyng 18Ц6-10]: (Or what kynd of) ympe in gardein or in frith Ymped is, in stocke 113 111 speaks ill fro whence it came It savourith ever, and (is) 1435 Misyn Fire 35.26: Yll treuly yll spekis. nothyng to blame; For of his rote frome whiche Cf. Apperson 326: 111 will; Whiting Ekama 84. he dooth out spryng. He must ever tast and savour in eatyng. See F309. 114 Some may better suffer 111 seven years than weal a half year 126 Light Impressions are lightly ready to the alSOO Proverbs of Salomon 195.5.7-8: Some vii flight yeere suffur may bettur ylle Than hälfe yeere cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1238-9: For-whi men weele as he dyd before. seith, "impressionnes lighte Ful lightly ben ay redy to the flighte." Apperson 326, 365, 588; 115 They that think no 111 are soonest beguiled Oxford 367, 604. See C3S4. 1546 Heywood D 77.250: For they that thinke none yll, are soonest begylde. Smith 286; 127 As sweet as (any) Incense Tilley T221. aI500 ImitaHone (1) 135.9-10: Smelling muche 116 To suffer a less III to let (prevent) a more swetter than eny soot encence. cI500 Betson Treaty se B6*[18-9] : Grutche not ayenst adversyte, mischief (varied) al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 23.10221-4: Syr, but take it as swete as encence. 1502 Imitatione yt is wysdom, And wys men hath bene lefe To (2) 247.39-40: Gyvynge a more swete odour suffer A lese yll (var. evyl) com And (var. to) unto thy goodnes than incense by fyer. lett (a) more myschefe, 61.11557-8: Suffer sail we A lese harme forto lett a more. See E193. 128 As good is an Inch as an ell 1546 Heywood D 95.166-7: As good is an inche 117 We may do much 111 ere we do much worse As an ell. Apperson 327; O^ord 319; Tilley 1549 Heywood D 48.246: We maie doo much 147. ill, er we doo much wars. Apperson 155:21; 129 For each Inch to quit (return) a span Oxford 149; Tilley 125. alSOO Good Counsel in Banrmtyne II 145.7: And for ilk inche he will the quyt a span, 21. 118 Ill-will makes the worst of everything cl515 Barclay Eclogues 108.36: For ill will 130 An Inch breaks no square maketh the worst of every thing. Cf. Apperson 1555 Heywood E 147.4: An inche breakth no 326; Oxford 317; Tilley 141. square. Apperson 65; Oxford 319; Tilley 154. 119 As dry as an Image 131 Of an Inch to make a large span (an ell) 1480 Caxton Ovyde 26[18-9]: She was Drye and aI393 Gower CA II 66.1112-3: And of an ynche lene as an ymage. Taylor and Whiting 198. a large spanne Be colour of the pees thei made. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 129.819: Ye shal not 120 As dumb as an Image make an eine of an unch. aI430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 376.13902-3: Ffor they be dowmb in ther spekyng, As an ymage 132 To set more by an Inch of one's will than wrouht off Tre or ston. an ell of his thrift (varied)

144

305

Ink

ynd. al470 Malory 1 31.28-9: Than he com on so 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 91.34-5; Many a man faste that his felyship semed as blak as inde. setteth more by an ynche of his wyl than an ell of his thryfte. 1546 Heywood D 95.163-1: 138 As blue as (blee [cofor] of) Inde Ye liked then better an ynche of your wyll Than al300 Alisaunder 281.5263: Her visages ben an ell of your thrift. Oxford 319; Tilley 150. blew so ynde. cI380 Pearl 3.76: Of bolles as 133 When 1 gave you an Inch you took an ell blwe as ble of Ynde. cI400 Mandeville Travels 31.5. (varied) 1534 More Passion 1305 AB: He . . . never I38a Inde-blue gyveth hälfe an ynch of pleasure, withoute an al450 Agnus 130.14-5: The lef of this herbe is whole elle of payne. 1546 Heywood D 95.168: ynde blew. cI5I6 Skelton Magnificence For whan I gave you an ynche, ye tooke an ell. 49.1553: The streynes of her vaynes as asure Apperson 327; Oxford 238; Taylor and Whiting inde blewe. 198; Tilley 149. 139 The Indignation of a prince is death 134 By one Inconvenience another is chastised 1475 Stonor Letters 1 15β[19-20]: The indyng1489 Caxton Fayttes 254.38-255.2: A сошоп nacion of a prince ys dethe. I486 PBemers proverbe that sayth that by an inconvenyent Boke of St. Albans F5'': The secunde is thinis chastysed another inconvenient, also by the dignacion of a prince—Quia indignación regis same hurt is another hurt repayred. vel principie mors est. See T124. 135 From hence to Ind (India) (varied) al300 Richard 165.1641-2: Hennes to the lond off Ynde, Betere thenne schalt thou non fynde, 265.3391 (var.y. The best to Inde att this tyme. cl300 Beves 61.1276: Though he be bi-yende Ynde! cl300 Guy^ 450 A 88.4: From henne to Ynde that cite. cl300 Havelok 40.1085: Thouh y souhte hethen in-to Ynde. cl300 Reinbrun 639.24.7: Betwene this and the lond of Ynde. al350 Seven Sages С 78.2274: Thar es none swilk fra hethin to Ynde, 100.2943: For to seke fra hethin till Ynde. 1369 Chaucer ED 888-9: To gete her love no ner nas he That woned at hom, than he in Ynde, cl390 CT V1[C] 721-2: For 1 ne kan nat fynde A man, though that 1 walked into Ynde. al400 PChaucer Rom. A 624: Although he sought oon in-tyl Ynde. cl400 Laud Troy 1 76.2559-60: A ffebler herte schulde ye not ffjTide Thow ye sought henne into Inde. cI408 Lydgate Reson 63.2362: Thogh men sough ten in-to ynde. a1450 Partonope 239. 6208-9: A ffeyrer, a semylyer shall no man fynde, Thowe a man soghte to the grette Ynde, 470.11906-7. с 1450 Chaunce 8.129: In al this worlde un to the gretter ynde. al500 Assembly 395.482-3: As I suppose, fro this countrey til Inde, Another suche it were right fer to findel aI5I3 Dunbar Of Content 144.6: Quho had all riches unto Ynd. Whiting Scots 1 193.

140 All Infirmity comes of too much or too little al449 Lydgate Dietary in MP II 704.77-80: Off mykil or litel cometh al inflrmyte, Attween thes too for lak of govemaunce, Dryve out a mene, excesse or scarsete, Set thi botaill upon temperaunce. See EI99, 203, M454. 141 The worst Infortune is to remember past prosperity (varied) cI385 Chaucer TC iii 1625-8: For of fortunes sharpe adversitee The worste kynde of infortune is this, A man to han ben in prosperitee. And it remembren, whan it passed is. Ι Κ β Heywood Spider 33[17-8]: Of pleasure past, remembraunce doth alwaie The pinche of present payne, right much augment. Smith 203; Tilley M1010. 142 Ingratitude is the worst of all vices aI439 Lydgate Fall III 718.1651-2: For of al vicis, shortli to conclude, Werst of alle is ingratitude. Smith 158; Tilley 166. 143 As black as Ink cl515 Barclay Eclogues 143.96: At every tempest they be as blacke as inke. al533 Berners Arthur 476[13-4]: Thei are as blacke as ony ynke. Apperson 51; Taylor and Whiting 200; Tilley 173. See AI8I, B345.

I43a Ink-black 136 From Ind to the Oxlyane 1546 Heywood D 68.77: Ynke blacke . . . face. aI400 Ipomadon A 8.181-2: As worthy a corte she holdes an. As ys fro Ynde to the Oxlyane 144 Ink is all black and has an ill smack 1546 Heywood D 68.68: Inke is all blacke And (French: Orient). hath an ill smacke. No man will it drinke nor 137 As black as Inde (indigo) eate, 74: Blacke inke is as yll meate, as blacke al425 St. Robert 55.434: Thre men blakker than pepper is good. Tilley 174. See PI39, S440.

Ink

306

145 To keep some Ink in one's pen alSOO Piers of Fullham 10.230-1: Kepe alwey sum ynke in thy pene To wryte with all thynges that bere charge. Apperson 327; Tilley 175.

145

Cato {Sidney) 22.245-6: For ire disturbleth so thi thout. That sein the sothe wel mai it nout. aI500 Ancrene {Royal) 30.28-9: A man that is malyciously wroth is for the tyme half wode, and as caton saith Ira impedit animam, ù. See 162, W704, 70S.

146 To get an Inkling 1546 Haywood D 90.72-3: Or that by gesse had got an inklyng Of hir hoord. Tilley 179. 155 As hard as Iron clOOO Aalfric Lives I 294.165: Seo haofan biS 147 Whoso comes late to his Inn shall early swa heard eow swa isen. cI330 Degare 80.362: forthink {be displeased) His hide was hard so iren wrout. cl408 Lydgate cl450 Douce MS.52 48.48: Who-so comyth late Reson 32.1189: Harder than Iren. al425 Comto his in, schall erly forthynke. cl450 Rylands playnt of Criste in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems MS.394 98.5: to hynne. Jante 339; Ch^ord 351. 220.451, 221.489. aI430 Lydgata Pilgrimage 113. 4275-6. aI447 Litchfield Complaint 525.525. 148 To be high in the Instep 1546 Haywood D 47.209: Ha is . . . hy in 1481 Caxton Godeffroy 152.3-4. al533 Berners thinstep, 1555 E 188.233. Apperson 301; Oxford Huon 98.8. Svartengren 260; Taylor and Whiting 200-1. 294; Taylor and Whiting 200; Tilley 184. 149 A false Intent under a fair pratanca has 156 As strong as Iron caused many an innocent to dia al300 Alisaunder 327.6166-7: A clay hii cl475 Henryson Fables 100.2918-9: Ana fais habbeth, in verrayment. Strong so yme. aI450 Intent under ane fair pretence Hes causit mony Three Middle English Sermons 76.850: As strong Innocent for to da. See E97. and as durable as any om {Latin: ferrea). 1484 Caxton Royal Book NS'ßS]. I5I3 Douglas 150 The Intent gives every good deed its right Aeneid 111 41.211. Svartengren 391. name cI450 Myroure of oure Ladye 60[9-10]: For 157 (The) Iron passed through his soul thententa gyvath every good dede hys ryght c850 Vespasian Psalter 338 (104.18): Iren Sorhleorde sawle his. cI340 Rolle Psalter 368 name. See W267. (104.17): Yryn passid thorgh his saule. cl395 151 The Intent is all WBible Psalms civ 18: Irun passide by his soula. cl385 Chaucer TC ν 1630: Th' entente is al. Oxford 321; Tilley 190. cl412 Hoccleve Regemeni 58.1596: The entente 158 Iron sharpens (whets, files) iron is al. See W267. al050 Defensor Liber 205[3-4]: Isen mid isene 152 He that cannot refrain his Ire has no power byö gescryrped, and mann scyrp6 ansyne over his wit freond(es) his. cI395 WBible Proverbs xxvii 17: 1477 Rivers Dictes 22[2-3]: He that can not Yrun is whettid bi irun; and a man whettith refrayna his ire hath no power ovir his witte. the face of his frend. al475 Fortescua Dialogue Apperson 10; Tilley A246. See 162, W703. I 486[13-4]: For as oon iren fyleth another, so a synner chastiseth his semblable. Tilley I91a. 153 He that girds (strikes) with great Ire often 159 Iron (steel) that lies still gathers rust {varied) shoots into shame al400 Destruction of Troy 69.2070-4: Thow se aI200 Ancrene 216.18-9: Im that lith stille not that sothely said ys of olde. And oft happes gedereth sone rust. 1489 Govemayle A7''[3-4]: to hit qwo so hade tas:—"Ha that girdis with Soo iron and ech metall rustyth whan it restyth. grate yre his grem for to venge, Ofte shapis cl515 Barclay Eclogues 168.769: For lacke of hym to shote into shame ferre. With hoge using as stele or yron rust. Tilley 191. harmas to have, and his hart sarra." {The passage 160 Smite while the Iron is hot {varied) in which this appears is labelled "A Proverbe," cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1275-6: Pandare, which but eleven lines before the quotation.) Cf. Smith that stood hire faste by, Felte iren hoot, and 8. See S193, W706. he bygan to smyte, cl390 CT VII 1036[В2226]: Right so as, whil that iren is hoot, men sholden 154 Ire distroubles {disturbs) the thought al400 Scottish Legends II 448.213-6: For Ire smyte. cl4I2 Hoccleve Regement 73.2015-6: distroblis sa the thocht. That suthfastly deyme I took corage, and whiles it was hoot, Un-to ma it nocht, Thocht he war nevire sa wyse a my lord the prince thus I wroot {perhaps not kyng, As cattowne sais in his taching. с 1450 the some). al420 Lydgate Troy I 319.6110-2:

172

307

Ivy-leaf

The Iren hoot, tyme is for to smyte; And nat me feleth hit bitterliche smeorten. 1549 Heyabide til that it be colde: For nouther thanne wood D 39.154-6: And he Whom in itching it plie wil nor folde. с 1475 Court of Sapience no scratchyng will forbere. He must beare the 153.719-20: The blessyd son than knew hys smartyng Üiat shall folow there. Apperson 328; fadyrs wyll, Felt iren hoote and thought tyme Oxford 172; Tilley 1105. for to smyte. cl489 Caxton Аутпоп I 136.7-8: Ye knowe well That whan the yron is well 167 As ruddy as eld (old) Ivory hoote, hit werketh the better. clSOO Melusine cl395 WBible Lamentations iv 7: Kodier than 211.21-2: Whan the yron is hoot it moste be elde yver, feirere than safire. AV: more ruddie wrought and forged. 1546 Heywood D 23.20: . . . than rubies. Whan thyron is hot strike, 1555 E 192.268. 168 As white as (plain, bone of) Ivory Apperson 605-6; Jente 25; Oxford 626; Smith cl380 Pearl 7.178: Hyr vysayge whyt as playn al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa 279; Taylor and Whiting 201; Tilley 194; yvore. L5''[2.34]: But is whyte nyghe as yvourye. cl408 Whiting Drama 230, 244, Scots I 193. Lydgate Reson 46.1717: Hys tethe eke white 161 While the Iron is in the wound no plaster as evory, al422 Life 493.908-9: And like may make it sound yvoury that comes fro so fer, His tethe shall be al400 Cursor 111 1507 F 26924-5: And quilis evyn smothe and white. 1445 Claudian SUlicho that irene is in wounde. Is plaster nane mai 281.280: Whos toothe was white as boone of make hit sounde. See L172. Ivore. aI533 Berners Arthur 381 [13-4]. Apperson 680; Taylor and Whiting 201; Tilley 1109; 162 He that is Irous and wroth may not deem Whiting Scots 1 193-4. See B443, E68, W203. well cl390 Chaucer CT Vil 1125[В2315]: He that 169 To be like Ivory is irous and wrooth, he ne may nat wel deme. al325 Cursor 11 538.9360: And ilk toth es als See D142, 152, 54, W701. ywori. 170 As green as Ivy (-leaf) 163 "Is" shall tum to "was" al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.27: That now cl440 Scrope Epistle 31[4-5]: Fie ever the fais is, shall tume to "was." cl450 Fyrst thou sal godes envie. That made Aglaros grennere than 88.49-50: That now is sal tume to was, Ontaken ivie, [12]: And grene as ivy leffe. See E134. grace al thinge sal pas. See T301. 171 Not worth an Ivy-leaf 164 All Isles are ill and the "Syciliens" worst al393 Gower CA II 317.586: That al nys worth an yvy lef. Apperson 458; Oxford 322. of all 1532 Berners Golden Boke 377.9353-5: For 172 To pipe in (with) an Ivy-leaf there is an ancient proverbe that sayth, lyghtly cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1837-8: That oon of you, all these ylles ar yl, and the Syciliens worste al be hym looth or lief. He moot go pipen in of all. an yvy leef, TC ν 1432-3: But Troilus, thow maist now, est or west. Pipe in an ivy lef, if 165 Itch and ease can no man please that the lesti cl385 Usk 134.50: He may pype 1546 Heywood D 67.51: An olde saide sawe, with an yvè-lefe; his frute is fayled. al400 itche and ease, can no man please. Apperson Clergy May not Hold Property in Wyclif EW 328; Oxford 321-2; Tilley 1106. 372[31-3]: The seculer party may go pipe with 166 He that in Itching will forbear no scratch- an yvy lefe for eny lordeschipis that the clerkis will yeve hem agen. al410 Lydgate Churl in ing must bear the smarting (varied) al200 Ancrene 123.25-6: Hwil the yicchunge MP II 480.276: Thou maist go pypen in a ivy least, hit thuncheth god to gnuddin, ah threfter leeff. Apperson 497; Oxford 501; Tilley 1110.

J J1 Jack a Thromm's bible was Jacke Robyn as John at the Noke. Cf. Oxal475 Burlesques in Rei. Ant. I 84[2-5]: And ford 326; Tilley J66. See A23. therto acordes too worthi prechers. Jack a Throme and Jone Brest-Bale; these men seyd in J7 Jack shall have Jill the bibuli that an ill drynker is unpossibull cl516 Skelton Magnificence 10.286-7: What hevone to wynne. ο151β Skelton Magnificence avayleth Lordshyp, yourselfe for to kyll With 45.1427: Ye, of Jacke a Thrommys bybyll can care and with thought howe Jacke shall have ye make a glose, 1523 Garlande I 370.208-9: Gyl? 1546 Heywood D 64.2: Al is wel. Jack Or reche hym a stole. To syt hym upon, and shall have gill, 1555 E 149.12: All shalbe well. Apperson 329; Oxford 322-3; Taylor and Whitrede Jacke a thrummis bybille. See T362. ing 202; Tilley A164. J2 Jack and Jill al460 Towneley Plays 33.336: Sir, for Jak nor J8 Jack with the bush for gill will I tume my face. al475 Boke of cl515 Barclay Eclogues 87.920: Then Jacke with Curtesy in ESt 9(1885) 62.90: And jangyll neydur the bush shal taunt thee with a chek. Note p. wyth Jack ne Jyll. al475 Ludus Coventriae 245 suggests "Jack in office." 314.1237: Thow ther come both jakke and gylle. J9 Jack would be a gentleman (if he could cl522 Skelton Colyn I 323.323^: What care speak French) they though Gil sweate, Or Jacke of the Noke, cl500 Skelton Comely Coystrowne 1 15.14: Lo, 344.857: Bothe Gyll and Jacke at Noke. Oxford Jak wold be a jentylman, 16.42: For Jak wold 322. Cf. Tilley J66. See J23. be a jentylman, that late was a grome. 1549 Heywood D 45.142: Jacke would be a gentleJ3 Jack of Dover (Paris) man if he could speake frenche. Apperson 330-1; cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4347-8: And many a Oxford 324; Tilley J4. Jakke of Dovere hastow soold That hath been twies hoot and twies coold. 1533 More Con- JIO No more power than Jack Hare futación 675 EF: And served you wyth a Jak cl475 Gregory Chronicle 233[24-7]: He . . . of Paris, an evyl pye twyse baken. Apperson sayde that no pryste had noo more pouer to 163; Ox/ord 323; Tilley J20. hyre confessyon thenn Jacke Hare. J4 Jack of the Vale J l l To be common Jack to all c l 5 i e Skelton Magnificence 9.258: Or ellys some 1546 Heywood D 51.328: I have bene common jangelynge Jacke of the Vale. Jacke to all that hole flocke. Apperson 110; Tilley J7. J5 Jack out of office 1546 Heywood D 65.13: And Jack out of office JI2 To play Jack the hare she maie bid me walke, 1555 E 186.221: He al449 Lydgate Servant in MP 11 429.53-4: is jacke out of office. Apperson 330; Oxford And thus 1 pleyde Jacke the Haare And gane to 323; Tilley J23. hoppe a newe trace. (Spent money to no purJ6 Jack Robin is as good as John at the Noke pose, made a fool of one's self.) cl475 Gregory Chronicle 190[17-9]: Save only J13 Little Jangling causes much rest they kepte (no) ordyr among them, for als good cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 349-50: The Flemyng 308

¡29

309

Jet

seith, and leme it if thee leste, That litel J21 To jangle like a Jay janglyng causeth muchel reste. Apperson 372; cl353 Winner 26: Fro he can jangle als a jaye. J. Grauls and J. F. Vanderheijden "Two Flemish cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 774: Thou janglest as a Proverbs in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales" jay. al400 Ipomadon A 180.6312. cl400 PlowRevue Belge de Philologie et d'Histoire 13(1934) man's Tale 172.791. 1402 Daw Tapias (Jack) 745-9; Oxford 374; Skeat 290. See M482. 104[17], 109[7]: Thou jangelyng jay. 1413 Hoccleve Balade I 40.37. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage J14 January and May 389.14414. al450 York Plays 357.265. cl450 cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1693-5: That she, Capgrave Katharine 336.2322. cl450 Holland this mayden, which that Mayus highte, . . . Howlat 74.789: The jangland Ja. cl450 Idley Shal wedded be unto this Januarie. 1420 Lydgate Temple 7.184-5: For it ne sit not unto 210.416. al475 Russell Boke 119.36. al500 ?Ros fressh(e) May Forto be coupled to oold(e) La Belle Dame 322.744. al500 Squire 7.51. Januari. al437 Kingis Quair 76.110[2]: Eke al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 63.396: The janglynge jay, 90.1269: Of some janglynge jayes. See J19. Januarye is (un)like to May. Apperson 332, 408;

Oxford 413; Taylor and Whiting 203; Tilley J22 Jealousy is love (varied) Μ7β8; Whiting Scote I 194. cI385 Chaucer TC iii 1023-6: Folk now usen To seyn right thus, "Ye, jalousie is lovel" And J15 To blow a Jape in one's hood wolde a busshel venym al excusen. For that о cl385 Usk 89.49-50: Thus goth he begyled of greyn of love is on it shove. cl450 La Tourthat he sought; in his hode men may blowe a Landry 24.19-21: For the wise man sai the that jape. MED bleuen v.(l) 7(c). See G25. jelosye is a gret ensaumple of love, for he that J16 To jet like a Jasp(?) lovith me not, rechithe not whedir y do well or al529 Skelton Gamesche I 118.17: Lusty evell. al500 Quare 207.436-7: And quhareof Gamysche, lyke a lowse, ye jet full lyke a long it hath bene said or this. That of hote jaspe. Notes II 182: "Does it mean—wasp?" Itife ay cummith Jelousye.

J17 As jolly as the (any, a) Jay J23 Jenken and Julian cl325 Loveliest Lady 149.39: Gentil, jolif so the al500 London Lickpenny in Anglia 20(1897-8) Jay. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4154: As any jay 416.94: Some sange of Jenken and Julian, to get she light was and jolyf. cl400 Túndale 116 {var. them selvs mede. Oxford 322: Jack. See J2. after 2020): The joly jay. al475 Ludus Coventríae 154.77: I am jolyere than the jay. al500 Lambe- J24 To differ as far as Jericho and Jersey 1556 Heywood Spider 17Ц6-7]: Cause of woorwell 160.512-3: Jolly and Jocund as . . . the Jay that sitts on a bough. с151в Skelton Mag- ship due to both differ as far. As Jerico and Jersei, in joining jar. nificence 15.465: And jet it joly as a jay. J25 From Jersey to Jewry J18 A Jay may chatter in a golden cage, etc. al439 Lydgate Fall II 554.2953-4: A jay may 1556 Heywood Spider 369[3]: All my frendes chatre in a goldene cage, Yit ever sum tech from Jersey to Jurie. mut folwe of his lynage. See K30. J26 From Jerusalem to Burgundy al400 ?Chaucer Rom. A 554-5: Fro Jerusalem J19 To chatter like (the, a) Jay(s) cl385 Usk 2.29-31: How shulde than a Frenche unto Burgoyne Ther nys a fairer nekke, iwys. man bom suche termes conne jumpere in his J27 He that has once been at Jerusalem may lie mater, but as the jay chatereth English? cl395 by authority Chaucer CT VIII[G] 1397: They mowe wel 1533 More Confutación 726 GH: Menne saye chiteren (vars. chatteryn, dater, jangle) as doon that he which hath been once at Hierusalem thise jayes. al415 Lanterne 56.21-2: Redars . . . maye lye by authoritie, because he shalbe sure janglen her lessouns as jaies chatiren in the seldome to meete anye manne that hath bee cage. al440 Burgh Cato 306.116: Such jayissh there. Cf. Tilley M567, T476. See P18, R185. {Latin: verbosos) folk. al475 Ludus Coventriae 353.19: Thei chateryn . . . As they jays were. J28 Thence to Jerusalem 1556 Heywood E 117.28.32: I thinke thence to al500 Medwall Nature Bl^pS]: That other Jerusalem. (chatreth) lyke a jay. See C244, J21. J29 As black as (any) Jet J20 To clatter like a Jay al470 Malory Π 805.15: And in his siepe he al400 Of erbis in Anglia 18(1895-6) 323.636: Blac polyssyd as geet it is. al420 Lydgate Troy talked and claterde as a jay.

Jef

310

J29a

I 173.987: Blak as is get, al430 Pilgrimage 384. cl325 Prayer of Penitence in Brown Lyrics XIII 14213. 1440 Palladius 151.697. al500 Greene 157.29: Ich holde me vilore then a gyw. Carols 446.3. 1504 Hawes Example Ee5'"[23]: J40 It would make a Jew rue Marble, blacke as the gette, 1506 Pastime aI508 Skelton Phyllyp I 61.335-7: And it were a 134.3500: And every tothe as blacke as ony Jewe, It wolde make one rew. To se my sorow gete. 1560 Heywood E 209.23.2. Apperson 51; new. See H277. Taylor and Whiting 204; Tilley J49; Whiting J41 Not to deal so with a Jew Scote I 194. cl499 Skelton Bowge I 47.462: I coude not dele J29a Jet-black so with a Jewl Cf. Apperson 660: I will use you cl477 Caxton Curtesye 7.44: Youre naylis loke like a Jew; Oxford 684; Tilley J52. they be not gety (var. geet) blake. Taylor and J42 To be worse than a Jew Whiting 204. cl326 Prayer of Penitence in Brown Lyrics XIII J30 As bright as Jet 159.29: I holde me wel worse than a jewe. cl450 Capgrave Solace 50[2-3]: A blak ston al330 Times of Edward II {Bodley) 189.276: polchid as brith as geet. And in this we beth worse than J(e)w or Sarsyn. 1502 Robert the Devil C3''[15]: (I) am wors J31 As white as any Jet than a Jewe. cl460 Satirical Description 201[1]: Hire teeth been whight as ony jete.

J43 To have no more pity than a Jew cl500 Lyfe of Roberte 233.355: For pittye had J32 No more like than Jet and crystal al475 Banester Guiscardo 4.49: No more lyke to he no more than a Jue. theme then gete to cristall. See B331, J35. J44 Many well counterfeited Jewels make the true mistrusted J33 To be hued like Jet al500 Ragman Roll 76.161: О fayr lady, hewyd 1513 More Richard 67 E[6-8]: As many well counterfaited jewels make the true mistrusted. as ys the gett. J45 As patient as Job {varied) J34 To glister like Jet al430 Hoccleve Roundel II 37-8.4: And as the el395 Chaucer CT III[D] 436: Sith ye so preche of Jobes pacience. al425 Governance of LordJeet hir yen glistren ay, 10, 16, 24. schipes 41.18: The pacience of Job. 1509 BarJ35 To put no difference between Jet and beryl clay Ship I 113[4]: As Job als pacyent. 1509 (crystal) Watson Ship B8113]: Also pacyent as Job. Oxcl485 Guiscardo 70.551: Hyt semeth ye put no ford 490; Taylor and Whiting 205; Tilley J59. dyfference betwene get and berall (Statelie J46 As poor as Job Tragedie: christall). See J32. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 323[16]: Als bare was his toure as Job the pouere man. J36 To shine like (the, any) Jet cl390 Chaucer CT VII 2861[В4051]: His byle al393 Gower CA III 15.2505: As povere as Job. was blak, and as the jeet it shoon. a1420 Lyd- al400 Wyclif Sermons I 407[8-9]: As beggeris gate Troy I 277.4645: Whos her was blak, schyn- and theves ben ofte porer than Joob was. cl415 yng as doth get. al450 Generydes A 175.5630-1: Middle English Sermons 200.28-9: And be-com And ther-to he shoon As any gete ayeinst the as poure as ever was Job. cl475 Henryson Fables 101.2944. al500 Salomon sat and sayde 291.18: light. War a man als pouer as jop. 1506 Barclay CasJ37 Jawed like a Jetty tell Η4'·[18]. Apperson 505; Oxford 510; Svaral529 Skelton Elynour I 96.38: Jawed lyke a tengren 342; Taylor and Whiting 204; Tilley jetty. J60; Whiting Drama 318:187: bare. J38 As false as a (any) Jew J47 Job's comforter 1460 Jack Cade's Proclamation in James Gaird- cl395 WBible Job xvi 1-2: Joob answeride, and ner Three Fifteenth-century Chronicles (CS NS seide . . . alle ye ben hevy coumfortouris. Ap28, 1880) 97[I]: He is falser than a Jewe or person 333; Oirford 326; Tilley J62. Sarasyn. alSOO When men motyth in Archiv 135(1916) 300.8[4]: But all ben false as any J48 Come hither John, my man 1473 Paston V 187[12-3]: And so I am as he jewe. that seythe "Come hyddr John, my man." (The J39 As vile as a Jew writer does not know what to do.)

Jó I

311

J49 John Blunt 1508 Dunbar Tretis 88.142-3: For all the buddis (Mbes) of Johne Blunt, quhen he abone clymis. Me think the baid (wait) deir aboucht, sa bawch (feeble) ar his werkls. Oxford 326; Whiting Scots I 194. J50 John Drawlatch 1546 Heywood D 89.44: To make me John drawlache, or such a snekebill. Apperson 333-4; Oxford 327; Tilley J68. J51 John, John, pick a bone cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.28: Jon Jon руке a bone to-morrow thu schall руке none. Johannes Johannes opica qui eras os non opicabis nullum. J52 John Long the carrier 1549 Heywood D 46.151-2: But for my rewarde, let him be no longer tarier, I will send it him by John Longe the carier. Apperson 334; Oxford 327; Tilley J71.

Joy of Joie is sorwe, III 746.6222-4: But soth is seid, that ay the fyn of Joye Wo occupieth, as men ful ofte se, cl421 Thebes 122.2958: Joye at the gynnyng, the ende is wrechednesse, cl430 Dance 12.64: How that al joye endeth yn hevynesse. al456 Sellyng Evidens 177.47: For of this worldes eonde the Joye is woo. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 665.15-6: But the custome of fortune is suche that grete joye endeth in tristres and in sorowe. cl475 Henryson Fables 13.290-1: Yit efter joy oftymes cummis cair. And troubill efter grit prosperitie. Frais of Aige 186.26: Of erdly joy ay sorow is the end. al500 Court of Love 420.407: For to moche joye hath oft a wofull end. al513 Dunbar Wowing 53.50-1: Quhen men dois fleit in joy maist far, Sone cumis wo, or thay be war. Of the Changes of Lyfe 141.19: Nixt efter joy aye cumis sorrow. All Erdly Joy 145-6.4: All erdly joy retumis in pane, 8, 12, etc. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 153.220-1: By the wil I repeyt this verss agane. "Temporal joy endis wyth wo and pane." Apperson 3; Oxford 328; Whiting Scots I 194-5. See E80, G102, j e i , P255, 263, 265, T302.

J53 John (?Joan) Thomson's man al513 Dunbar To the King 38-9.4: God gif ye war Johne Thomsounis man! 8, 12, etc. Oxford J59 Every Joy is meddled (mixed) with its pain 327; Tilley J73; Whiting Scots I 194. (varied) cl477 Norton Ordinali 35[6]: But that every Joy J54 To be out of Joint 1415 Hoccleve OUcastle 1 14.200: For thow is medled vrith his paine. cl509 Fyftene Joyes haast been out of joynt al to longe. NED Joint Аг'рЭ]: All worldly Joye medled with bytternes. 1525 Berners Froissart VI 77[35]: None that 2; Tilley J75. is joyfull, but somtyme is sorie and troubled. J55 As sweet as Jonathan Cf. Apperson 448: No joy without annoy; Oxcl303 Mannyng Handlyng 142.4211: Who was ford 328; Smith 160; Tilley J85. See B35I, D58, swetter than Jonatas? F532, G103, M583, S137, 516, 947, V28. J56 From hence to Jordan jeO If one has Joy one moment he shall have al400 Ipomadon A 93.3214-5: A better stede twain of sorrow for it non ther es From hethen to flem Jurdanne. al529 Skelton Boke of Three Fooles I 205[9-10]: Yf you have joye one only momente, thou shalt J57 Not worth a Jot al500 Think Before You Speak in Brown Lyrics have twayne of sorow for it. XV 281.39: Boost ne brage ys worth a Joote. j e i Joy after woe and woe after gladness NED Jot sb.i. (varied) J58 After Joy comes woe (varied) cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2839-41: That knew this cl390 Chaucer CT VII 3205[В4395]: For evere worldes transmutacioun, . . . Joye after wo, and the latter ende of joye is wo. al393 Gower CA wo after gladnesse. cl385 Usk 82.180: Trewly, II 407.193-4: For every joie bodily Schal ende next the ende of sorowe anon entreth joy. cl390 in wo, III 215.1781: Which endeth al his joie Chaucer CT II[B] 421-4: О sodeyn wo, that in wo, 360.4461-3: It is a sori lust to lyke, Whos evere art successour To worldly blisse, spreynd ende makth a man to syke And tometh joies into with bittemesse! The ende of the joye of oure sorwe. al400 Destruction of Troy 388.11881-2: worldly labour! Wo occupieth the f ^ of oure Hit is said oftsythes with sere men of elde. The gladnepse. al420 Lydgate Troy I 157.471-2: last Joy of joly men Joynys with sorow. cl400 For ay the fyn of wo Mote be gladnes whan Scottish Troy 247.671-2: For it is nought liew that sorwe is go, 1420 Temple 17.397: And joy certanly Llast Joye that sorow occupye. al420 awakith whan wo is put to flight, 411: Thus Lydgate Troy II 516.4230: For ay the fyn, alias! ever joy is ende and fine of paine. al425 Metri-

Joy

312

J62

cal Paraphrase ОТ 27.6591: For aftur wo all sail ovyr the mane. alSOO Ballad in Rei. Ant. I be well. 1440 Palladius 22.111-2: And aftir woo. 29[12-3]. al500 Clerk and the Nightingale I in To joy, and aftir nyght, to sey good morow. Robbins 175.77-80: Kysse of women wyrkyth al470 Malory I 436.4-6: And bade her be of wo with synne mony folde; Judas kissed god goode comforte, for she sholde have joy aftir also and to the jewes he hym solde. 1509 Watsorow. aI506 Hawes Pastime 75.1927: Joye son Ship Q8''[26-8]. cl523 Barclay Minour cometh after whan the payne is paste, 148.3915: 75[35]. al533 Berners Huon 52.6-8: The kysse Joy cometh after whan the sorowe is past, that he gave hym was lyke to the kysse that 175.4678: Joye cometh after whan the payne is Judas gave to our lorde god. Apperson 335; gone, 182.4867: The thyrde was Joye after grete Oxford 328; Tilley J92. hevynes, 1511 Comforte A4''[ll]: Joye cometh J69 Judas sleeps not after, whan the payne is gone. Skeat 154, 225; 1461 Paston 111 284[20]: For on the adversaire Whiting Scots 11 157. See B52, 325, J58, P269, parte Judas slepith not. S973, W133. J70 To draw in Judas' yoke not Christ's J62 Little Joy is soon done cl340 Rolle Psalter 390 (108.10): Thai draw in a1500 Greene Carols 382.1: Lytyll joye ys son judas yok, not in cristis, as thai sey. done, 2, 3, 4. Judge, sb. J63 None has perfect Joy if it come not of love 1484 Caxton Royal Book H6'[20-2]: Lyke as J71 After the Judge so his ministers sayth the proverbe. That none hath parfyght Joye cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus χ 2: Aftir the juge yf it come not of love. of the puple, so and hise mynystris; and what maner man is the govemour of the citee, siche J64 Oft in Joy there comes adversity ben also men dwellinge ther ynne. See Κ5β, al439 Lydgate Fall I 97.3517: But ofFte in joie L455, M408, P135, 403. ther cometh adversite. J72 He that anoints the Judge's hands often J65 To fly for Joy makes his ass lean cl410 Lovelich Grail 111 184.570: So that for 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[26-7]: He that Joye hem thowhte they flye. MED flien lb. is wonte to anointe the juges handes oftyn tymes he makyth his asse lene. See Ηβ9. jee As bad as Judas al500 Partenay 117.3337: 1 here more wurse J73 He that weeps afore a Judge loses his tears then Judas the synnour. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 8[27-8]: He that wepyth afore a juge lesyth his terys. J67 As false as Judas cl400 Beryn 71.2314: And they been falsher then J74 111 Judges so judged Judas, 99.3282: He was as fais as Judas, that 1509 Barclay Ship I 27[19]: 111 Judges so juged. set(te) Crista at sale. J75 That Judge is wise that understands a matJ68 A Judas kiss (varied) ter soon and judges at leisure clOOO WSG Luke xxii 48: Jja cwaeÖ se Haelend, cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1031[В2221]: And eek Judas, mannes Sunu {ju mid cosse sylst? al250 men seyn that thilke juge is vi^s that soone Ancrene (Nero) 86.1-2: Hit is iudases cos. cl300 understondeth a matiere and juggeth by leyser. South English Legendary I 112.76: And custe Oxford 328; Tilley J95. him Judas is cos and ther with him slou. cl395 WBible Luke xxii 48: And Jhesus seide to hym, J76 When a Judge is wood (insane) it is hard to Judas, with a coss thou bytrayest mannys sone. treat before him without loss of blood al400 Lavynham 11.31-2: With a iudas kesse cl421 Lydgate Thebes 151.3663-4: For hard it schewith a love y fayned. cl412 Hoccleve Rege- is whan a Juge is wood. To tret afom him ment 183.5081-2: The kus of Judas is now wide with-out loos of blood. sprad, Tokenes of pees ben, but smal love is had. al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 455.187: Can Judge, vb. kiss with Judas and kit a mans purs. cI450 J77 Judge not before you know Jacob's Well 92.12: At the laste thou acord- cl385 Usk 26.41-2: After the sawes of the vi^se, yst wyth Judas kus. cI475 Gregory Chronicle "thou shalt not juge ne deme toforn thou 203[27-9]: They hadde made love days as Judas knowe." Apperson 141: Deem. See Β2β8, N137, made whythe a cosse with Cryste for they cyste P42, S406.

jai

313

J78 Who gives hasty Judgment must be the first to repent al450 Partonope 414.9974-6: I have herde sey, and other mo, That who so yeveth hasty Jugement Moste be the first that shall repent. Apperson 335. Cf. Tilley J97.

Justice

al460 Towneley Plays 247.128: How "Judicare" comys in crede shall we teche, or we go. al500 For thi self in Archiv 86(1891) 387[l-2]: For thi self, man, thou may see, How judicare come in crede, [10, 18: Syn], 388[6, 14, 22]. al500 Greene Carols 406.5: He schal know how "judicare" cam in the Cred. 1546 Heywood D 32.61-2: I am taught to know . . . How Judicare came into the Creede. Tilley J98; F. L. Utley in Mediaeval Studies 8(1946) 303-9.

J79 Who judges with wrong shall fang (receive) the same Judgment al350 Ywain 71.2641-2: Wha juges men with wrang. The same jugement sal thai fang. See J81 To meli (mix) Justice with mercy (varied) D274, 342. 1456 Hay Law 299.7-8: For that is a kingis J80 To know how Judicare came into the creed propre condicioun, to ay justice with merci al300 Cloisterer's Lament in Rei. Ant. I 292[18]: melle. 1506 Hawes Pastime 129.3372: Justyce Now wot i qwou judicare was set in the crede. to kepe myxte with mercy amonge, 131.3^4: 1402 Daw Topias 58[17-8]: But, good Jak, herd- And eke syr Justyce and syr myserycorde. Whitist thou evere How judicare cam into crede? ing Drama 96. Cf. Oxford 419.

к

Kl Ka (ciou)) me Ь thee K l l To be born in Kent 1549 Heywood D 51.321: Ka me, ka the. Apper- cl450 Idley 131.1425-6: And thoughe myn Englysshe be symple to your entent. Have me son 337; Oxford 329; Tilley Kl. See H339. excused—I was bom in Kent. 1471 Caxton K2 Not worth a sour Kale-stock Recuyell I 4.27-30: I . . . was bom and lemed 1522 Skelton Why Come II 38.352: Nor worth a myn englissh in kente in the weeld where I sowre calstocke. Cf. Whiting Scots I 195. doubte not is spoken as brode and mde englissh as in ony place of englond. alSOO How the КЗ More light (easy) to Keep than to make cl400 Gower Peace III 487.218: More hght it is Plowman Learned his Paterrwster in Hazlitt EPF I 214.147-8: He was patched, tome, and all to to kepe than to make. See C518, H4I2. rente; It semed by his langage he was bome in K4 Who Keeps him(self) surest slides soonest Kente. Idley 3. al500 Colkelbie 302.209: Quho that surest dois К12 Of a little Kemel comes a mickle tree keip him sonest dois slyd. See 8669. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 236[16-7]: Men geseoS K5 In Keeping of richesse is thought and woe oft jsaet of anum lytlum cymele cymö micel с 1412 Hoccleve Regement 10.239-40: I have treow. Taylor and Whiting 268: Oak; Tilley herd seyn, in kepyng of richesse Is thoght and S211. See G418, 0 7 . wo, and besy a-wayte al-way. Cf. Tilley R108. K13 As green as any Kex (stem of a plant) K6 No Kemp (champion) bom that someone al300 Alisaunder 322 M 362: And her bodyes may not stoop (bring) to ground were grene as eny kexe. al200 Lawman III 30.25945-50: And ich the wule suggen, Thurh sothe mine worden: Nses K14 As light as a Kex nan kempen iboren Of naver nare burden. That 1556 Heywood E 124.47.7: Ye make my hert mon ne masi mid strenthe Stupen hine to lyght as a kyx. Svartengren 298. Cf. Tilley K22; gründe. See M64. Whiting Drama 318:195. K7 To couch like Kennets (small dogs) K15 (Not) count a Kex al400 Morte Arthure 4.122: Cowchide as kenetez cl400 Laud Troy I 202.6860: He countes hem as before the kynge selvyn. thei were a kex. K8 Between this place and Kent K16 As cold as (any, a) Key cl515 Barclay Echgues 159.541: Some shalt thou al393 Cower CA III 173.244-6: For certes ther was nevere keie Ne frosen ys upon the wal finde betwene this place and Kent. More inly cold than I am al, 462.2816-7: Ток K9 From Kent to Northumberland out mor cold than eny keie An oignement. aiaOO Arthour and M.^ 65.2235: Fram Kent to al450 Audelay 220.81-2: Bot soche a earful North-Humber lond. k(ny)l to his hert coldis. So doth . . . the kye, that knoc kelddus. 1501 Douglas Palice 26.25: KIO Here or in Kent cl490 Ryman 240.10: Come thou no more here Hart cald as a key. 1546 Heywood D 61.88: Cold nor in Kent. Cf. Apperson 338: Kent and as a kay. Apperson 106; Oxford 101; Tilley K23; Whiting Scoto I 195. Christendom; Oxford 332-3; Tilley K16. 314

K34

315

Kind

К1ва Key-cold K26 It is difficult to change one's own Kind 1528 More Heresyes 185 E[ll]: Cay colde as {nature) thei be, 1534 Comforte 1143 E[8-9]: To waxe 1484 Caxton Aesop 98[12-3]: Hit is moche . . . key cold, 1234 A[3]: kaye cold, 1236 F[9], dyffycyle and hard to chaunge his owne kynd. 1260 Н[3-4]. NED Key-cold. See A257, E153. K17 Not all Keys hang at one wife's (man's) K27 Kind covets ay its law girdle cl450 St. Cuthbert 8.271-2: Bot sene it is in aid cl450 Rylanώ MS.394 94.27: Not all keyes sawe. That kynde coveyts ay his lawe. See hongen atte oo wyves gyrdell. cl475 Rawlimon H 0 3 . MS. D 328 121.42: All keyes hangeth not by K28 Kind fails not at need on-ys gyrdyl. al500 Hill 129.50: All the keis al387 Higden-Trevisa I 415[13-6]: In bookes hange not bi on mannis girdill. 1546 Heywood ye may rede. That kynde failleth not at nede; D 47.191: The kays hang not all by one mans Whanne no man hadde craft in mynde, Than gyrdell, 1555 E 188.235. Apperson 339; Jente of craft halp God and kynde. See K31. 286; Oxford 333; Tilley K29. K29 Kind follows (to) kind (varied) K18 Your Key is meet (fit) for every lock cl500 Skelton Womanhod 120.22-3: Youre key is al387 Piers С xi 243-4: For god seide ensample mete for every lok, Youre key is commen and of such manere isshue. That kynde folweth kynde and contrarieth nevere. 1471 Ripley hangyth owte. Apperson 339; Tilley K27. Cmnpound 130[3]: For kynd to kynde hath К19 As cant (lively) as any Kid appetyble inclynacyon. See K33, L272. cl475 Henryson Fables 14.331: Quhylis up, K30 Kind may not flee from its stock quhylis doun, als cant as ony kid. al439 Lydgate Fall I 206.243-5: For from his K20 As playing as yoimg Kids stok kynde may nat fle; Ech thyng resortith, 1480 Caxton Ovyde 130[41]: More playeng and how ferr ever it go. To the nature which that deduysyng than yong kyddes. it cam fro. See A169, J18, K32, M82. K21 To skip like any Kid K31 Kind often works what seems impossible cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3259-60: Therto she to the leech koude skippe and make game. As any kyde. al400 Lanfranc 173.16: For ofte tyme kinde K22 When the Kid runs men may see its arse worchith, that that semeth unpossible to the 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 6[10]: Whan the leche. See K28, 38, N30. kydde rennyth, men may se his ars. Cf. Apperson 12-3: The higher the ape goes; Oxford 295; K32 Kind will ay appear like itself al449 Lydgate Vertu in MP II 836.46: For lyk Tilley A271. hymsilf kynd wyl ay appere. See K30. K23 To reek like a Kiln cl425 Avowynge 64[23-4]: As kylne other K33 Kind will be friend cl350 Joseph 16.488: For evere the kuynde wol kechine; Thus rudely he rekes. be frend for ought that mai bi-falle. See K29. K24 Far from thy Kin cast thee, etc. cl417 Lamdowne MS.762 in Rei. Ant. I 233: K34 Kind (Blood) will creep where it may not Far from thy kyn cast the, Wreth not thy go neighber next the, In a good come countrey cl450 Douce MS.52 51.85: Kynde crepus, ther rest the. And sit downe, Robyn, and rest the. hit may no go. cl450 Rylands MS.394 101.4. 1486 PBemers Bake of St. Albans F5^: Fer from al460 Towneley Plays 135.591-2: I trow, kynde thy kynnysmen keste the, Wrath not thy neigh- will crepe Where it may not go. cl475 Rauf borys next the. In a goode come cuntre threste 86.126: "Now is anis," said the Coilyear, "kynd the. And sitte downe, Robyn, and rest the. Ap- aucht to creip." 1481 Caxton Reynard 70[34]: For blood must krepe where it can not goo. person 203. See K63. alSOO Att my begynnyng in Rawlinson MS. С K25 He that mans him vrith his Kin, etc. 813 324.39-40: Kynde will crepe wher itt may 1486 PBemers Bake of St. Albans F5^: Who nott goo And shewe itt-sel£Fe whens itt came that mannyth hym wiüi his kynne. And closith fro. alSOO Beauty of his Mistress II in Bobbins his croofte viyth cheritrees. Shall have many 125.47-8: For hereafter ye shall knowe Wher hegges brokyime. And ako full lyttyll goode kynde can-not goo, ytt wyll crepe. clSOO Everyservyes. Robbins-Cutler 4106.5. See K63. man 12.316: For kynde wyll crepe where it may

Kind

316

K35

not go. al546 Heywood D 43.90: Kinde will God save the king, that is lord of this langage. creepe where it maie not go. Apperson 385-6; Apperson 342; O^ord 338; Tilley K80. Jente 621; Oxford 336; Tilley K49. See C202, K45 A King may be above his laws in mercy E51. 1515 Barclay St. George 33.609: A kynge in K35 Kind will give blood mercy may be above his lawes. Cf. Tilley M898. с1300 Southern Legendary Life of Jesus in C. See K42. Horstmann Leben Jesu, ein Fragment (Münster, 1873) 34.122-3; Ake natheles he thoughte on K46 King or kaiser 1546 Heywood D 56.38: And thus, kyng or kuynd hede, that Man hath to is childe, And keyser must have set them quight. Tilley K56. that kuynde blod it wole yive. K36 Kind will have its course K47 A King's ransom cl400 Beryn 4.86: Ffor "kynde woll have his cl470 Wallace 22.150: Mycht thai hawe payit cours," though men the contrary swer. Apper- the ransoune of a king, 138.904: Than off pur son 437; Oxford 444; Smith 213. See L542. gold a kingis gret ransoune. NED Ransom 2. K37 Kind will spring out K48 A King's word must stand (varied) al400 Perceval 12.354-6: Scho wiste wele by al200 Lawman II 574.23727-8: For hit bicumeth that thynge That the kynde wolde oute sprynge kinge That his word stonde. al393 Gower CA For thynge that be moughte. II 127.3368-9: And this wot every worthi lif, K38 Where Kind fails cunning can do boot A kinges word it mot ben holde. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2315: I am a kyng, it sit me noght (remedy) al439 Lydgate Fall I 185.6543: Wher Kynde to lye. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 37.1167: Woord of a kyng mut stonde in 0 degre. faileth, cunnyng can do boote. See K31. 1456 Hay Law 242.32-3: A kingis word suld K39 As rich as the King stand and nocht be frustrit, as Sanct David al500 Inter Diabolus et Virgo 444.20: What ys sais. cl460 Ipomadon С 352.29-30: And asked recher than ys the kynge? 445.40: Jhesus ys the king, if the graunt of a kinges mouth shuld recher than ys the kynge. Taylor and Whiting not be hold ferme and stable and the king said 208; Tilley C832. yea. cl475 Henryson Fables 77.2251: Yone Carllis word, as he wer King, sail stand, 79.2289: K40 Better the King halt than the kingdom I may say, and ganesay, I am na King. 1492 a900 Alfred Orosius 96.27-31: Lsecedemonie Salomon arid Marcolphus 8[19]: A kynges worde . . . him to gielpword hsefdon {)íet him leofre shulde be imchaimgeable or stedfaste. al500 wœre {íaet hie heefdon healtre cyning ¡jonne Orfeo 40 H 429: A kyng-is worde most nede be healt rice. holde. al500 Thre Prestís 43.953-4: It fallis to K4I If a King forvay (go astray) the common na King To brek his vow or yit his oblissing. people often have a b o u ^ t ( paid for) the king's clSOO Lancelot 50.1671-2: О kingis word shuld be о kingis bonde, And said It is, a kingis word sin al393 Gower CA III 345.3928-31: If so be that shuld stond. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 230.25-7: It a king forsveie, Fulofte er this it hath be sein, is a comyn proverbe. Verbum regis stet oportet. The comun poeple is overlein And hath the A kynges worde must stände. Apperson 342; Tilley K83; Whiting Scots II 160:5. kinges Senne aboght. MED forveien. K42 (A King) is above his laws K49 A King shall die as well as a knave 1460 Jack Cade's Proclamation in James Gairdner al500 Fortune alas alas 488.108-9: Aswele a Three Fifteenth-century Chronicles (OS NS 28, kyng as a knafe shal dye. Ne wetyng wher ne 1880) 94[14-6]: They sey that owre sovereyn whan, erly or late. See D97, 101, 243, R i l l . lorde is above his lawys to his pleysewr . . . The contrary is trew. Cf. Tilley K61. See K45. K50 A King should not be a lion in peace nor a hare in war (varied) K43 A King is bom as naked as a laborer cl330 Times of Edward II 334.252: And nu ben cl485 Guiscardo 80.741-2: For as nakyd ys a theih liouns in halle, and hares in the feld. kyng bom, I undyrstand. As ys the laborer that al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 182.5181-4: Hit hath nedyr house ne land. See С2вЗ, 267, L448. faileth no kyng to felon res. As lyon in the K44 The King is lord of this (English) language tyme of pees. Ne in tyme of werre for to dare. 1391 Chaucer Astrolabe Prol. 56-7: And preie Ne to fle for drede, as doth the hare. See L38.

K57

317

K51 A King that strives with his (subjects) may not speed well al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 293[23-4]: A kyng that strives with hise, he may not wele spede, Whore so he restis or rives he lyves ay in drede. K52 A King to-day and to-morrow he dies al050 Defensor Liber 202[8]: Swa eac cyning to dasg ys and to morgen he swelt. cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus χ 12: So and a king is to dai, and to morewe he schal die. See T351.

King thralles sullen thriven, and adelinges duinen, wanne child is king, and cherlessune bissop, wanne gold sal speken and gume sal suien: thanne sal engelong to same gon. Whanne child is king, and cherl bissop and thral alderman, thanne is the fole wo. al300 Trinity College Cambridge MS.108 in M. R. James Catalogue 1(1900) 131: (?Ald man) witles, Yung man recheles, Wyman ssameles, Betere ham were lifles. Aluredus King. al400 Graham MS. f.l23a in Sixth Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (1877) Appendix 320 [51-5]: Kyng of lond redles, Bysschope wytles, yongchilde gyeles, yong man rechcles, Oldman careles, Proutman goldles, Womman schameles, Strongman skoleles, Povereman loveles, hem were betere be lyfles. al400 Ridgewell Church in V. Pritchard English Medieval Graffiti (Cambridge, 1967) 75-6: A yong rewler, wytles, A pore man spendar, haveles, A ryche man thif, nedeles. An old man lecher, Iwveles, A woman rebolde, sameless. cI450 Rawlinson MS.32 in Rei. Ant. II 316[3-8]: A yong man a rewler, recheles; A olde man a lechowr, loweles; A pore man a waster, haveles; A riche man a thefe, nedeles; A womman a rebawde, shameles. These v. shalle never thrif blameles. cl500 Bannatyne III 43-4.11-5: A yong man chiftane witless, A pure man spendar getles, A auld man trechor trewtless, A woman lowpar landless. Be sacnt Jeill, sail nevir ane of thir so weill (Cf. II 324. 1-3). Cisco Series in Brown Lyrics XV 269-70. 1-17: Ther ben iii poyntis of myschefF. . . Pore men proude that lytyl han, . . . A Ryche man thef is a-nodyr, . . . Olde man lechere is the iiide. Apperson 719; Pseudo-Cyprianus De XH Abusivis Saeculi, ed. Siegmund Hellmann (Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 34[1909]); Chrford 471; Whiting Scots II 163.

K53 King wilful, doomsman (judge) nimming (taking bribes), etc. (varied) с1000 De XII Abusivis Secundum Disputationem Sancti Cipriani Martyris in Rubie D-N. Warner Early English Homilies from the Twelfth Century MS. Vesp. D. XIV (EETS 152, 1917) 11-6: Nu synd twelf abusiva . . . Duodecim abusiva sunt seculi . . . Senex sine religione. Adolescens sine obedientia. Dives sine elemosina. Femirm sine pudicitia. . .. Pauper superbus. Rex iniquus. Episcopus negligens. Plebs sine disciplina. Populus sine lege (11.10-6). . . . Se ealde mann {зе byS buten aevs^aestnysse (11.32). . . . Se junge mann beo buten gehersumnysse (12.7-8). . . . Se welige mann beo buten aelmesdaeden (12.16). . . . Jje wif beo unseodefull (12.38). . . . Se {learefe beo modig (14.9). . . . Se cyng beo xmrihtwis (14.26). . . . Se biscop beo gemeleas (15.16). . . . fjaet fole beo buten steore (15.32). . . . ^aet fole beo buten ae (16.7). cl250 Ten Abuses in Morris Old English Miscellany 184: Hwan thu sixst on leode Юng that is wilful. And domesman niminde, Preost that is wilde, Bischop slou, Old mon lechur, Yunch man liegher, Wimmon schomeles. Child un-theaid, Thral un-buxsum, Atheling britheling, Lond with-ute laghe, Al so seide bede: Wo there theode. al300 Cotton Cleopatra MS. С vi in Rei. Ant. II 15: King conseilles, Bissop loreles, Wumman sóbameles. Hold-man lechur, Jongman trichur. Of alle mine live Ne sau I worse K54 New King new case five. al300 Gonville and Caius College Cam- aI425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 12.9822: Of a bridge MS.365 in M. R. James Catalogue 11(1908) new kyng A new comyn case. See L453. 415: Theys bet the thre that god for les: Hold- K55 One shall not do a King to death man Gytles, Yongman recheles, Womman al300 Richard 130.957-8: But now it is ordeyned sámeles. al300 Harley MS.913 in Heuser 184: soo. Men schal no kyng to deth doo. Bissop lories, Kyng redeles, Yung man rechles. Old man witles, Womman ssamles—I swer bi K56 Such King such people (varied) heven kyng: Thos beth five lither thing. al300 al475 Ashby Dicta 60.393: Suche as the kynge Ipswich MS.e in Proceedings of the Suffolk is, suche bene al other, 65.504: As the kyng is, Institute of Archaeology and Natural History 22 suche bene al in his cure. 1485 Caxton Charles (1934-6) 94: Ailredus rex. Wanne king is radies 22.15: For suche as is the Kyng suche is the and led bissop loreles and eldman vdtles and Royame. See J71, L455, M408, P135, 403. jungman recheles and winman scameles, wanne K57 There is no King where there is no law

King

318

K58

1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 14[9-10]: I shall Κββ Kirkmen were ay gentle to their wives alweyes saye. There is no king were no lawe is. 1501 Douglas Palice 73.9: For kirkmen war ay gentili to thair wyifis. Cf. Tilley BIO, W357. K58 To live like a King See B3. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 481.291: To have lived lik a kyng. Tilley P592; Whiting Κβ7 Near is my Kirtle but nearer is my smock (varied) Drama 318:192. See L457. 1461 Paston III 251[9]: Nere is my kyrtyl, but nerre is my smok. cl505 Watson Valentine K59 To speak as lordly as a King cI390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3900: He gan to speke 79.22-3: Your shyrte is more nerer your body than your gowne. 1546 Heywood D 40.158: as lordly as a kyng. T h o u ^ ny be my kyrtell, yet nere is my smocke. K60 An xinlettered King is like a homed Apperson 437; Jente 522; Oxford 444; Tilley (crowned) ass P250. 1422 Yonge Govemaunce 150.18-9: For he sayth, that a kynge unletterid, is lyke an K68 Kiss ere you sleep, etc. homyd asse. al533 Berners Huon 730.19-21: alSOO Gonville and Caius College Cambridge Comonly it is said that a kyng without letter MS.249 in M. R. James Catalogue (Cambridge, or conynge is compared to an asse crowned. 1907) I 300: Kysse or thow sclepe, Luk or thow Apperson 341; Tilley Κ69; Whiting Scots I 195. lepe, Suppe or thow dyppe. See L435. See A225, L442. K69 Kissing is earnest of the remenant (varied) K61 An unwise King is but an ape in the house al400 Romaunt В 3677-80: For whoso kyssynge may attayne. Of loves payne hath (soth to sayne) roof cl400 Apology 89[28]: As Bernard seith, A The beste and most avenaunt. And ernest of the kynge unwise is but a nape in the house rofe. remenaunt. cl450 La Tour-Landry 185.13-5: The kyssynge is nyghe parente and Cosyn unto Cf. Tilley K69; Whiting Scots I 195. the fowle faytte or dede. 1480 Caxton Ovyde K62 Each Kingdom divided against itself will 46[30-l]: Thou mayst gete suche a kysse, thou shalt wel mowe atteyn to the surplus. Apperson be cast dovra (varied) clOOO WSG Matthew xii 25: Ж1с rice {je byS 344; Tilley K107. See G40. twyrsede on him sylfum byfj toworpen; and aelc ceaster o8Öe hus )зе byö wijierweard ongen K70 Kit has lost her keys hyt sylf, hyt ne stent, Mark iii 24-5, Luke xi 1533 More Apologye 102[l-2]: Lost them of 17. alOSO Defensor Liber 133-4: Drihten segÖ lykelyhed as some good k)tte leseth her kayes. on godspelle aelc rice todaeled ongean hit Oxford 341; Tilley K109. byS toworpen, and aelc ceaster oJjJje hus toK71 To reek like (a) Kitchen daeled ongean hit sylf, hit ne stynt. cl395 cl425 Avowynge 64[23-4]: As . . . kechine; WBible Matthew xii 25: Eche kingdom departid Thus rudely he rekes. ayens it silf, schal be desolatid, and eche cite, or hous, departid ayens it self, schal not stonde, K72 As dead as a Kite Mark iii 24-5, Luke xi 17. al439 Lydgate Fall cl400 Laud Troy I 156.5274: He lay ther ded I 105-6.3822: Kyngdamys devyded may no as a kyte. while endure, 3829, 3836, 3843, III 996.2732-4: This verray soth: wher is dyvysioun, Be witnesse K73 As fair and white as a Kite's foot and record of scripture. May no kyngdam nor al529 Skelton Elynour I 108.424-5: As fayre cite long endure. Tilley K89. See R55. and as whyte As the fote of a kyte. K74 As yellow as a Kite's feet (varied) K63 Many Kinsfolk and few friends 1546 Heywood D 54.440: Many kynsfolke and 1509 Barclay Ship I 287[10-1]: Thou¿ie he be few freends, some folke saie, 1555 E 190.246. yelowe as kyte Is of hir fete. 1534 More CotnApperson 399; Oxford 406; Tilley K97. See K24, forte 1149 H[12-4]: And beutyfleth her faire fell wyth the couloure of a kites clawe. Apperson 25. 717; Oxford 737; Svartengren 252; Tilley K115. K64-5 Kinsmen's goods must be shared cl025 Durham Proverbs 11.13: Gemaene sceal K75 A Kite may not fly with royal eagles maga feoh. Commune peccunia propinquorum. al439 Lydgate Fall II 554.2952: With roial See M145. egles a kite may nat flee.

K94

319

Knight

K76 He was never a good Knape (lad) who had K87 As sharp as Knife his dame at the gate al400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. 53.811: For synne is scharp as knyves oord, cl450 Douce MS.32 56.132: Was he never gode knappe, that hadde his dame at the yate. cl450 Bodley MS.1619 in ESt 10 (1887) 252.811: as knyf or sword, с 1410 Lovelich Grail II Rylands MS.394 107.23: Nemo bonus servus, foribus qui matre potitur. Walther III 79.16317b. 409-10.159-60: As scharpe And trenchaunt they were As Evere was knyf. al440 Burgh Cato K77 He that is destined to be a Knave lives 306.102: With sharper tonge than is . . . knyffe. in more surety than does a lord 1509 Barclay Ship II 6[19]. 1509 Fyftene Joyes al450 Partonope 379.9231-4: Lytell ought a 18^15]. Whiting NC 433. man to make a-vaunte Of wordly prospérité or therof Joye have, For he that is destyned to be K88 Bourd (jest) not too far with a sharp Knife a knave, Lyveth more in suerte then dothe a al500 О man more 394.32: And bowrde nott lorde. See E24, 150. to farre with a sharpe knyffe. See S977. K78 It is merry when Knaves meet K89 No more perilous Knife than a superfluous cl500 Cock 14[28]: But mery it is whan knaves morsel done mete. 1549 Heywood D 46.157: Some saie cl450 Pilgrimage LM 157[33]: Ther is noon also it is mery when knaves meete. Apperson more perilowse knyf than is a superflue morseile. 415; Oxford 421; Tilley K143. See G167. K7fl A Knave has broke(n) a lad K90 To eat one's Knife cl477 Caxton Curtesye 47.475-6: And yf ought cl497 Medwall Fulgens D3^[27-8]: Nay, I had breke somme tunges that be bade Wil mocke lever she had etyn my knyfe, I utterly forsake and saie a knave hath broke a lad. her. Cf. Tilley K158. K80 The more Knaves the worse company 1549 Heywood D 46.158: But the mo knaves K91 To kill (slay, be slain, be wounded) without Knife the woorse company to greete. Apperson 427; cl300 Amis 65.1561-3: So wicked and schrewed Oxford 342; Tilley K146. was his wiif. Sehe brae his hert with-outen K81 An old Knave is no child (babe) kniif. With wordes harde and kene. al450 Castle 1528 More Heresyes 242 A[4-5]: An olde knave 111.1127-8: Kyll hym a-non, with-owtyn knyve. is no chylde. 1546 Heywood D 64.82, 1555 E And speke hym sum schame were thou go, 172.148: babe. Apperson 464; Oxford 471; Tilley 125.1620: For gloton kyllyth with-owtyn knyf. K132. al450 Partonope 210.5534-6: Yeffe ye thus departe fro me. And breke your beheste, ye K82 One Knave disdains another 1533 Heywood Pardoner B4''[10]: One knave shulle se Ye shulle me sie w ^ - o w t e n knyffe. dysdaynes another. Tilley K134. See В187, L220. al475 Ludus Coventriae 28.401: I sclow my self with-owtyn knyff. cl485 Conversion 48.555: K83 Two false Knaves need no broker It consumyth natur, the body sleyth with-owt 1546 Heywood D 46.156: Two false knaves knyf. al500 Basterfeld 367.30: 1 scleughe myneede no broker, men say, 1555 E 154.52. Oxselve with-outene knyffe. al500 Ten Commandford 117; Tilley K147. ments of Love in Bobbins 167.68: And wounded lyeth without knife or darte. See R167. K84 Walk, Knave, walk 1546 Heywood D 68.84-5: Walke drab walke. K92 What should he give that licks his Knife? Nay (quoth she) walke knave walke. Saieth that terme. Apperson 665; Oxford 690; Tilley K140. al400 Romaunt С 6502: What shulde he yeve that likketh his knyf? Apperson 246:10; Oxford K85 To be laid under Knee 238; Tilley L345. cl250 Hendyng О 196.29[5-6]: Thenne is the K93 A Knight of the common hall fredom al foryeten, And leid ounder kne. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 70.645-8: Some say K86 As keen as (any) Knife she was lyght. And made her husband knyght al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 24.775: Qwer Of the comyne hall. That cuckoldes men call. for hyr care was kene os knyfe, 17.6212: Hyr care was kene as any knyfe. al450 York Plays K94 Knights once shamed never recover 45.7: My cares aren keen as knyffe, 52.223. al470 Malory I 218.3: For knyghtes ons shamed Taylor and Whiting 210. recoverys hit never (1-2 [Caxton's text]: For

Knight

320

ones shamed maye never be recoverd). See E70, M20, N13. K95 A manly Knight's prowess is proved most in mischief al420 Lydgate Troy I 270.4392-4: For in proverbe it hath ben said ful yore. That the prowes of a manly knyght Is preved most in meschef. K96 After the Knot (is knit) it helps not to bewail cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 28[10]: After the knot it helpeth nat to bewail. Cf. Tilley K167. See D287, M729. K97 To knit a Knot cl405 Mum 34.240: And knytte there a knotte and construed no ferther, 47.693: But thenne he knittith a knotte. al450 York Phys 229.233-4: But Judas, a knott for to knytt, Wilte thou to this comenaunt accorde? а14в0 Towneley РЫуз 59.106-8: Loke ye do it well in wrytt. And theron a knott knytt, Ffor it is prophecy. cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 35[6]: At last the knot is knyt. NED Knit la.

K95 Kail 27.8: Man, knowe thy self, and leme to dye! al415 Mirk Festtal 116.22-3: Sayng thus: "Anothe selitos;" that is to say: "Know thyselfe." 1422 Lydgate Serpent 54.11-3: In greke this worde Nothis politos, whiche is as mochill to seyne in owre englische tonge as knowe thiselfe. 1422 Yonge Covernaunce 154.35-6: Saynge in gru, Notisclotos, that is to Say, have knowynge of thy-Selfe. aI425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 19.14447: Man, knaw thi selfe ryght sone! al439 Lydgate Fall II 489.568-70: Gnotos Eolitos in Greek he sholde seyn. Which in our tunge pleynli doth expresse, "Knowe thi-silflF." al450 Knowe thy self in Kail 101.9: What thou art, knowe thy self wel. cI450 Jacob's Well 276.25. cI450 Speculum Christiani (2) 122.7-8: Bemardus: Stody thou and knowe thi-selfe. al475 Ashby Dicta 79.813-4: To knowe hymself is a vertuous thing. First to godward and to the world also. I48I Caxton Reynard 73[23^]. al500 Therfor be thyn in Dyboski 82-3: 8, 16, etc. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 59.1888. Oxford 344, 718; Smith 167; Tilley K175. See G73, 126, M135.

K98 To seek (find) a Knot in the (a) rush 1340 Ayenbite 253[9-12]: The bysye other the KlOl Know (well) ere you knit (too fast) (varied) malancolien that byeth ylich than thet zekth al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.39-40: Know . . . thane knotte ine the resse. cl400 Vices well, ore thou kijyt to fast; Fore ofte rape and Virtues 280.29-31: As many sotile men and rewythe at last, 245.55-6: Know well, ore thou curious and malencolious don, that faren as he knytt: Then wyll men prayse thy wytt. cI450 that secheth . . . a knot on the rissche. 1533 Fyrst thou sal 89.61-2. cl450 Idley 136.1725: More Confutación 778 G[4-5]: Thys wer but Therfore knowe or ye knytte, it may availle. finding of a knot in a rushe. Apperson 345; a1500 Against Hasty Marriage I in Bobbins NED Knot sb.i 14b; Οφτά 343; Tilley K168. 37.1-4: Know or thow knytte; Prove or thow preyse yt. Gyf thou know or thou knyt, than K99 First Know and after love mayst thou Abate; And gyf thou knyt er thou 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 183.16: Hyt behoveth knowe. Than yt ys to late. Ther-fore Avyse fyrst to knowe and after that to love. See L580. the er thou the knot knytte. al500 Hill 139.11-2: Know or thou knyte, and then thou mayst slake, KlOO Know thyself al387 Higden-Trevisa I 241[7]: Knowe thy self. Yff thou knyte or thou know, than yt ys to late. cl390 Chaucer CT Vil 2139[В3329]: Ful wys al500 Man, be war in T. Wright Songs and is he that kan hymselven knowe! cl390 Each Carols (PS 23, 1848) 34[l-2]: Man, be war, er Man in Brown Lyrics XIV 139-42.12: For uche thou knyte the fast, Oftyn ran rewth at the last. mon oughte himself to knowe, 24, 36, etc. aI500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 124 n.^: al393 Cower CA III 298.2389: Bot know thiself, Know er thow knyt, and then thow mayst what so befalle. 1400 Love god, and drede in slake; If thou knyt er thow know, then hytt is Kail 1.8: Man, knowe thy self, love god, and to late, 156 n.2, 228 п.». Oxford 344. See F625, drede, 16, etc. cl405 Man, know thy self in P429, T204.

L LI Lab (tell-tale) it wist (knew) and out it must al500 Colkelbie 283.25-7: Gret laubor is to cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective get geir And to conserve it Is feir And moir 309[8] and Förster 201.8: Labbe hyt whyste, angir is to leiss. and owt yt muste. Consilium sciunt bias et L9 No Labor is a thing of shame celare nequunt. 1562 Heywood D 35.22: Looke al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 192 n.^: what she knowth, blab it wist, and out it must. So(crates) 21. No kinde of Labore is a thing of Apperson 51; Ocrford 47; Tilley B433; Walther shame. But ydelnes evermore worthie of blame, I 372.3185. Cf. Chaucer TC iii 299-300: Pro205 n.3. verbes kanst thiself ynowe and woost, Ayeins that vice, for to ben a labbe. LIO One profits by Labor and wastes by idleness 1489 Caxton Fayttes 99.10-1: A man proffyteth L2 After Labor is time of quiet by labour and by ydlenes he wasteth. 1413 PHoccleve De Guilleville Poems xxxv 20:

And aftir laboure, tyme is of quiete. See B325. L l l To have one's Labor (travail, work) in vain (idle, waste) L3 After sore Labor sweet rest is delectable al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 135.3840: Bot cl515 Barclay Eclogues 107.1: After sore labour his travaille was al in veyn. cl375 Barbour sweete rest is delectable. Bruce I 164.50: And vast no mair travale in vayn. cl385 Usk 7.69-70: I wot wel al my L4 All Labor is light to a lover 1434 Misyn Mending 123.30: All labyr is lyght labour were in ydel, 90.109: Thy traveyle is in to a lufar. al500 Rolle Mending 49[32-3]: Al ydel. aI393 Cower CA III 54.3926, 400.527. maner of labour is light to a lovier. See L529. 01395 WBibU Leviticus xxvi 20: travel. al400 Ipomadon A 159.5547: travayle. al400 Lanfranc L5 Every Labor(er) must have rest (varied) 270.16: traveile in idil. 1402 Hoccleve Letter of cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1862-3: For every Cupid 81.220: travayle and labour. al410 Lydlabour somtyme moot han reste. Or elles longe gate Churl in MP II 482.329. 1410 Walton may he nat endure, V[F] 349: Muchel drynke Boethius 97[1]. cl412 Hoccleve Regement and labour wolde han reste. See T441. 14.367: ydel, 104.2889: Your labour shal naght L6 Great Labor to make a straight javelin of a ydel be, ne veyne, 119.3311: waast. al420 Lydgate Troy III 865.3222,872.3486. cl422 Hoccleve crabbed (crooked) tree cl523 Barclay Mirrour 24[8]: To make a streyght Dialog 125.436, Jereslaus's Wife 162.630, Javelin of a crabbed tree, Theron must great 170.868: ydil was and veyn. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 108.13283: werke. cl425 Orcherd labour . . . be layde. See H484, S316. 268.31-2. ai430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 138.5277, L7 Incessant Labor overcomes all things 301.11016, 333.12224, al439 Fall I 168.5951, 1509 Fisher Treatyse 147.8-11: It is wryten. III 679.150, 750.2828. al445 Carl 122.128. 1447 Labor improbus omnia vincit. Incessaunt Bokenham 74.2684, 88.3227. al450 Generydes В laboure by the waye of intercessyon overcometh 131.4102. al450 Of the seven Ages 485[38]. all thynges. Tilley L5. al450 York Plays 182.125: travayle. cl450 L8 It is great Labor to get gear, fear to con- PSuffolk What shall I say 166.19. al454 Paston II 296[4]. aI470 Malory 1377.13-4, III 1213.25-6: serve it, and more anger to lose it 321

labor

322

L12

Hyt ys waste laboure now to sew to myne to the tour." cl400 Vices and Virtues 44.4-5: uncle. cl470 Wallace 69.682: travaill, 145.166: For men seyn in olde proverbes, "Ladies of trawaill. cl475 Henryson Testament 124.565. riche and gay apparail is arwblast of tour" (296 1493 Seven Wise Masters 134[26]. cl493 Saint French: Dame de bel atour est arbalaste a tour). Katherin ofSenis 60.24. alSOO Assembly 402.668. 1484 Caxton Royal Book Ε6·"[3-4]: For thus, alSOO Nut Broum Maid 174.4, 177[8]. al500 as sayth the proverbe, dame dacor (Pdator) is Piers of Fullham 12.278. al500 Triamour (P) II the arblast to the tour. MED arblast 2(b): A 105.731. al500 Timor Mortis in MLR 28(1933) crossbow drawn by a winch mechanism. 236[44]. cl500 Fabyan 322[11], 400[29], 413[19-20]: travayle, 470[21-2]. cl500 Smith L20 As light as Lait (lightning) 328.503. 1501 Plumpton Correspondence 158[8]. cl390 Sir Gawain 7.199: He loked as layt so cl503 More Early Poems [10] C[3]. 1504 Hawes lyght. Emmple ВЬЗ''[14]. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge L21 To shine like Lait 41.952, 164.976. al518 Nevill Castell 79.97: cI175 Lambeth Homilies 43[8]: And heore waste. al533 Berners Arthur 257[31]: wast. ethem scean swa deth the leit a-monge thimre. 1533 More Debellacyon 1026 Н[6-7]. NED L22 As white as (any) Lake (linen) Labour lb. See VI. cl300 Guy^ 520 A 162.6: As white as . . . lake. L12 You shall never Labor younger cl408 Lydgate Reson 104.3941: Sommtyme 1562 Heywood D 34.32: Set forward, ye shall white as cloth of lake. 1447 Bokenham 69.2526, never labour yonger. Oxford 347; Tilley Y36. 200.7345: ony. cl450 As softe as syghes in Archiv 127(1911) 324.14. al450 Castle 132.1849. L13 Not give a threaden Lace al500 Eger H 225.723, 241.981, 333.2497, cl400 Laud Troy I 246.8351-2: I yeve not a 335.2511, 345.2687. Whiting Scots I 196. threden lace OflF thyn evel wil. L23 A little Lake (gift) that comes from good Lack, sb. will is lief (dear) to God L14 For Lack ( fault) of one all are not to blame c l l 7 5 Poema Morale 174.73^: Litel loc is gode al420 Lydgate Troy II 521.4387: For lak of oon, lief thet cumth of gode iwille, And ethlete muchel iyeve thanne si hierte is ille. See G84. alle are nought to blame. See Л101. L15 Lack of forewit is cause of care L24 To lie in the Lake (ditch) aI500 Salomon seyth in Person 52.17-8: In al500 Thre Prestís 20.283-4: The theif full weile every place wher у gan fare Lacke of forwytte he νιάΐΐ him self ourby Quhen the lele man in is cause of care. See L435. the lak will ly. See D247, 266, M573. L16 No Lack to lack a wife L25 As amiable as a Lamb 1546 Heywood D 101.56: No lacke to lacke a 1479 Rivers Cordyal 82.23-4: Crist that . . . is wife. Apperson 448; Oxford 347; Tilley L18. now amyable . . . as a lambe. 1512 Copland Helyas A7''[19-20]: She is . . . amyable as a Lack, vb. lambe. L17 Lack (blame) not where you have loved L26 As blissful as a Lamb (etc.) (A number of (praised) single quotations are brought together here) cl450 Consail and Teiching 76.373-4: Lak 1422 Yonge Governaunce 212.3-4: Blesful as a nocht quhar thow has lovit melale. Fore men lambe. al439 Lydgate Fall III 677.67: Now as wyll say thow art our-fekile. 1456 Hay Law a lamb tretable and benigne. cl450 Merlin 11 30.15-6: And reprovandly lak that thai before 640[2-3]: Thow shalt be as wery ther-of as the had lovit. See L5e2, P353. lambe is of the wolf. 1456 Hay Governaunce

157.18: Sum suete as a lam. L18 A Lad (low fellow) to wed a lady is an inconvenient (misfortune) L27 As chaste as a Lamb 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 43.1014-5: By a al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa N8'[2.23-4]: proverbe auncyent "A lad to wedde a lady is It makyth men chaste as a lombe. Tilley L33. an inconvenyent." L28 As gentle as a Lamb L19 (A) Lady of fair dighting (gay apparel) is al533 Berners Arthur 85[27]: Gentyl as a lambe. arbalest to the tower Oxford 234; Taylor and Whiting 212; Tilley L34. 1340 Ayenbite 47[19-21]: Vor ase zayth the vorbisne, "levedi of vaire dightinge is arblast L29 As humble as a Lamb

138

323

cl515 Barclay Eclogues 197.446: Humble as a lambe, and called was Abell. Whiting Drama 318:197.

Lamb

mylde. cl390 Talkyng 50.31-2. al410 Prophecy in Minot 108.157: a. al425 St. Roberi 62.666: Als . . . mylde als lamme thai was. Apperson 416; Oxford 234; Taylor and Whiting 213; Tilley L34. See S205.

L30 As low as a Lamb cl350 Alexander A 167.1178: Was nere lambe in no londe lower of chere. 1372 Song of the L33 As simple as a (the) Lamb 1422 Yonge Governaunce 212.3-4: Sympill . . . Nativity in Brown Lyrics XIV 77.63-4: Sithen, loveliche as a lomb, He put himself in here as a lambe. al425 Governance of Lordschipes puwer. al376 Piers A vi 43: He is as louh as 104.10-1. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees a lomb, ix 77, cl378 В xx 36. cl450 Secrete 73.2301: the. of Secretes 35.19. Apperson 519: Quiet; OxL34 As soft as a Lamb ford 234: Gentle. a1425 Governance of Lordschipes 104.10-1: Softe as lombe. cl500 Cock 1[4]. 1512 Copland L31 As meek as (a, any) Lamb(s) cl225 Wohunge of Ure Laverd 273[34]: And tu, Helyas Α7··[19-20]. mi leve jhesu, for thi mikle meknesse to lamb L35 As still as a Lamb was evenet. cI300 Speculum Gy 13.260: Meke al400 Meditations 38.1419: Writ hou he stod as a lomb, ful of pita. cl340 Rolle Psalter 400 as lomb so stille. al439 Lydgate Fall I 196.6934: (113.4): Goed men that ere innocentis and meke Stille as a lamb. al500 Guy* 122.3896. cl500 as lambis. cl350 Seven Sages С 34.1012: a. St. Anne (3) 114.108. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria cl375 St. Cecelia in Horstmann Legenden 1881 99.35. Oiford 234; Tilley L34; Whiting Drama 161.139-40: Now meke to the has scho made 318:197. him Als a lamb. cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 199: As meke as evere was any lomb, to yow. L36 As tame as a Lamb cl380 Pearl 30.815: As meke as lomp. cl390 cI421 Lydgate Thebes I 158.3847: And lik a Talkyng 50.31-2: So meke as hit weore a lombe was this Tygre tame, cl433 Si. Edmund lomb. al400 Scottish Legends I 337.1433, II 412.868: There was no lamb more tame. cl450 371.103: a. cl400 Brut I 74.25: a. al410 Love Jacob's Well 268.23. 1483 Caxton Golden Mirrour 233[15-6]: He as a meke and most Legende 170''[2.2-3]. 1502 Robert the Devil pacient lambe. al410 Prophecy in Minot C5'[23]. al513 Dunbar To the Quene 59.17: Ar 108.150: a, 154, 157: a. aI425 Si. Robert 62.θββ. now maid tame lyk ony lammis. Taylor and 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 142.884: a, al449 Quis Whiting 213; Whiting Scots I 196. See S2H. Dabit in MP I 326.59: a, Testament in MP I 361.857. al450 Three Middle English Sermons L37 He that kisses the Lamb loves the sheep 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[23]: He that 46.810-1: ani. cl450 Alphabet I 118.4: a, II 270.18: a. cl450 Bothe yonge and oolde in Fur- kyssyth the lambe lovyth the shepe. See €218, nivall Hymns 32.5: ony. al460 Towneley Plays P27. 327.52: a. 1465 Leversege 28[23-4]: a. al475 L38 A Lamb (Lion) here and a lion (lamb) Ludus Coventriae 274.90: A. 1479 Rivers there (varied) Cordyal 82.23-4: a. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende al200 Ancrene 157.10: Lomb her, liun ther. 170^[2.3]: a, 192··[2.1]: lambes. 1483 Vulgaria cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 96.1320-2: The quedam abs Terendo P7''[18-9]: a. al500 Cov- prinse he sede other king nis to preisi noght. entry Plays 71.7-8: And after, mekely as a lamb, That in time of worre as a lomb is bothe mek Upon the erose there dyd he dye. alSOO Greene and milde. And in time of pes as leon bothe Carols 399.2: a. al500 Think Before you Speak cruel and wilde. cl385 Usk 24.121-2: Lyons in Brown Lyrics XV 282.62: As lome be meke. in the felde and lambes in chambre; egles at 1509 Hawes Convercyon A3"'[13]: a. al533 assaute and maydens in halle. al400 Orologium Berners Arthur 85[27]: a. Oxford 234; Taylor 347.31: The lambe is tumede in to a lyone. and Whiting 213; Tilley L34; Whiting Drama al420 Lydgate Troy I 18.216: In porte a lambe, 318:197, Scote I 196. See S204. in herte a lyoun fel, cl433 St. Edmund 390.785: In pes lik lambes, in werre lik leouns, al439 Fall II 430.3650: In werre a leoun, and a lamb L32 As mild as (a) Lamb cl300 South English Legendary I 349.33: And in pes, 1439 St. Albon 120.515: As a lambe in bicom as milde as a lomb, (Laud) 62.299: And chambre, in bataile a lion. al450 Gesta 42[20-l]: for it (a lamb) is with-oute felonie and milde In the feld he was a lyon, and in halle he was ase ihesu crist, 491.54: Als a lomb he is now a lambe. aI450 Partonope 425.10306-8: The

Lamb

324

L39

lorde above, merveyles can wele done, That Higden-Anon. Cont. VIII 457[18-20]: The can herborowe so in oo persona A lyons herte kynge . . . apperede amonge theym as a lambe and a lambes also. cl450 Capgrave Katharine amonge wulfes. 1439 Lydgate St. Alban 135.497: 17.8: A lomb to the meke, a leon to the proude. Lyke a meke lambe, myne herte dyd agryse, 146.1112-3: Than was he put under governance cl450 Jacob's Well 268.23-4: It makyth the tame as a lambe, there wretthe made the first ferse Of the juge, as a lambe amonge hoimdes, and wylde as a lyoun. al464 Capgrave Chronicle 151.1448: Lyke a lambe monges wolfes all to145[12-3]: The Kyng of Frauns in face schewid rent. 1493 Tretyse of Love 45.24: He was himself a lomb, and in work a leon. 1464 broughte forth thus as a lambe. 1555 Heywood Hardyng 98[24-6]: He had also a lambishe E 148.6.5: Oh how like lambes, man and wyfe pacience. To here all pleyntes mekely with here agree, 1556 120.33.3: Agreede lyke lams sobemes, A lyons chere in felde, 148[12-3]: As together d)rvers yeres. a lyon in felde was moste douteous, In house a lambe of mercy ever replete. alSOO Merita L42 To be led like a Lamb to death (knife, Missae 153.174-5: They fare in chyrche as a sacrifice) lyone strong. And meke in feld as any lomb. cl300 Evangelie 601.1480-1: I am ledde opon Apperson 348-9; Taylor and Whiting 212; that wise. As a meke lombe to sacrifice. cl300 Tilley L311; Whiting Scoto I 196. See K50, Robert of Gloucester I 468.6447: That so ver as milde lomb to dethe ylad were. al400 MeditaL329, MIO, 751. tions 14.499-500: Thou art led as lamb to knyf That goth so stille and maketh no stryf. с 1425 L39 The Lamb is not used to play the lion Speculum Sacerdotale 107.36: Ladde to be al439 Lydgate Fall II 545.2628-30: For of antiquite The lamb nat used to pleie the leoun. crucified as a lombe unto sacrifice. al450 Audelay 55.7-8: And as a lomb and ennosent. To be Nor no meek dowve envied the faucoun. lad to sacrefyce. al475 Woefully Arrayed in L40 Outward Lambs and inward wolves Brown Lyrics XV 157.17: Like a lambe led al400 Romaunt С 7013-6: Outward, lambren unto sacrefise. semen we. Fülle of goodnesse and of pitee, And inward we, withouten fable, Ben gredy L43 To flee as Lambs do from the wolf al533 Berners Arthur 181[9-10]: Al fledde wolves ravysable. before hym, as lambes doth fro the wolfe. L41 To be bestepped [attacked) like a Lamb Whiting Drama 318:197. See S221. with wed (mad) wolves (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) L44 To follow like a Lamb al225 Sf. Marherete 8.7-8: Bistepped and bi- al410 Love Mirrour 228[9]: He folwed hem as stonden ase lomb with wedde wulves. al300 an innocent lambe. al450 St. Katherine (Gibbs) Alisaunder 129.2280: And roof hym thorough 16[4]: As a debonayr lombe folewed this oold als a lombe, 135.2390: And thorough hym Adrian. cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 106.26-8: thirleth so a lombe. al325 Bonaventura Medita- They folowed after at the backe of hym, as the tions 16.484: And he, as a meke lambe, aftyr yonge lambe do the sheep. See S222. hem come. cl370 Chaucer ABC 172: Right soo L45 To look like (a) Lamb(s) thi Sone list, as a lamb, to deye, cl386 LGW cl378 Piers В xv 200: Loketh as lambren and 2317-8: And quok for fere, pale and pitously, semen lyf-holy. al450 York Plays 281.273: He Ryght as the lamb that of the wolf is biten. lokis like a lambe. 1546 Heywood D 92.58: I cl390 Charter of the Abbey in Yorkshire Writers looke lyke a lambe in all your woordes to mee, 1 359-60: Crist wente as mekeliche to his 1556 Spider 197[16]: Flies looking like lams; hongynge as a lomb doth to his scherynge. spiders lyke lions looke. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3704: I moome as dooth a lambe after the tete. cl390 Lamen- L46 To look like Lambs and live as wolves tacioun in Vertwn I 307.229-30: I seigh nevere al387 Piers С xvii 270: And as lambes thei my sone chaungen hewe. But evere in on, as loken and lyven as wolves. See W474. lomb I-lyche. al393 Cower CA III 373.4983-5: That lieh a Lomb whanne it is sesed In wolves L47 To seek after a Lamb and find a lion mouth, so was desesed Lucrece. cl395 Chaucer cl450 Idley 143.2194: To seke after a lambe CT IV[E] 538: And as a lamb she sitteth meke and fynde a leoun. See L50. and stille. 1415 Hoccleve Oldcastle I 10.54: L48 To send as Lambs betwixt wolves But, as a lamb, to holy chirche obeide. al426 clOOO WSG Luke χ 3: Nu ic eow sende swa

L68

325

swa lamb betwux wulfas. cl395 WBible Luke X 3: Y sende you as lambren among wolves. L49 To stand like a Lamb al325 Cursor II 918.16063: Bifor tham Jesus stode als a lambe, III 1376.24067. cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 617-8: For as the lomb toward his deeth is broght, So stant this innocent. See S230. L50 Whilom a Lamb, now turned to a tiger clSOO Fabyan 114[47-8]: This man that whylome was a lambe, was now tumyd to a tygre. See L47.

Language

al338 Mannyng Chwnicle A I 232.6617-8: A lond hedles in tyme of nede. Over al thanne ys sorewe and drede. cl410 Lovelich Merlin I 175.6601-2: What vaylleth the Lond that is lordles, Whanne hit hath nede rankewr to ses, 181.6839-40: For a lond with-owten govemour May not enduren ayens ony schowr. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 67.848: is a lond whan it hath non hed? cl450 Merlin I 92[27-8]: Thow shalt knowe well what a londe is worth that is with-outen a kynge, 95-6: And a londe withoute a lorde a-vaileth litill. See H257, M217.

L61 On fat Land grow foulest weeds L51 To lap in a Lambskin al387 Piers С xiii 224: On fat londe and ful of 1546 Heywood D 79.59-60: She must obey donge foulest wedes groweth. Apperson 39:16; those lambs, or els a lambs skyn. Ye λνίΐΐ pro- Oxford 193; Skeat 120. vyde for hir, to lap her in. Apperson 349; Tilley Ь40. L62 To be large (generous) of other men's Land cl375 Barbour Bruce I 277.146-8: And larg(e)ly L52 To Lament does not avail emang his men The landis of Scotland delt he cl485 ConversUm 45.475-6: Yt doyth not avayl then. Of othir mennis landis large wes he. Whitus thus to lament. But lett us provyd for remedy ing Scote I 197. See T217. shortlye. See D337, G455, M729. L63 What is a Land where men are none? L53 As bright as Lamp (varied) aI325 Cursor 111 1220.21311: The first о thaim al393 Cower CA III 307.2695: What is a lond als lamp es bright. wher men ben none? al400 Cursor III 1358 F{L)T 23765-6: That lond is esy for to wynne L54 To leam (shine) like (a) Lamp al508 Dunbar Goldyn Targe 113.30: That all the That no man is to kepe it in, 1359 С 23765-6: lake as lamp did leme of licht. Whiting Scots Eth es for to win wind (for with) here. The land that nan is bote to were. I 196. Le4 To meet at Land's End L55 To shine like a Lamp al400 Destruction of Troy 158.4849: With a 1549 Heywood D 85.166: Thou gossepst at lyve of lewte, that as a laump shynes. Whiting home, to meete me at landes ende. Apperson 350; Oxford 349; Tilley L62. Scote I 196. L56 To wound like a Lance L65 (Be)ware of hempen Lane cl475 ManMnd 30.808: Yowur crymynose com- cl412 Hoccleve Regement 17.453-5: Me thynkpleynt wondyth my hert as a lance. yth this a verray inductif Unto stelthe; ware hem of hempen lane! Ffor stelthe is medid with L57 As stable as Land a chekelew bane. NED Hempen lb. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 92[20]: Other men weren stable as lond. L66 Large (blatant) Language causes repentance L58 Each Land is ovra country to the strong al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 817.154: Large cl300 SouiÄ English Legendary II 660.1528: Ech language causith repentaunce. lond is . . . owe contreie to the stronge. Tilley L67 Mickle Language (much talk) may not all M426. be faultless L59 It is evil won Land to have while living cl477 Caxton Curtesye 14.136: Mekell langage may not all fautless be. See M184, 203, 669, and then hell at one's end cl475 Rauf 112.918-20: That is full evill v i ^ 773, S587, 590, 608, T37, 453, W593. land To have quhill thow ar levand. Sine at L68 Utter your Language like the audience thine end hell. al449 Lydgate Consulo in MP II 750-3.8: Lyke Leo A Land headless (lordless, without a king) the audience so uttir thy language, 16, 24, 32, 48, 56, 96. See C130, T58. is in sorrow and dread (varied)

Languet

32Ó

Leo A Languet (laichet) to tie up one's hose (i.e., a blow) al460 Towneley Plays 29.224-5: Take the ther a langett To tye up thi hose I

169 hight; Nought under a chiste, under a 1yd. cl450 Capgrave Lives 93.1-2: He (God) is not wone to lyte a lanterne and hide it undyr a buschell, 136.10-1. 1487 О thou most noble 329[5-7]. 1528 More Heresyes 184 C[3-4]. Oxford 294; Taylor and Whiting 220; Tilley L275.

L70 After Languor (suffering) lee (peace) al425 Chester Plays II 432.141-2: Pearles Prince of most Posty That after Langour sendeth Lee. L74 To illumine like Lanterns cl470 Wallace 371.1255: Lyk till lawntryns it See B325, P8. illumynyt so der. Whiting Scots I 197. L71 To bear the Lantern L75 To leam (shine) like a Lantern cl4I2 Hoccleve Regement 23.615-6: That went cl325 Loveliest Lady 148.21-2: Hire lure liunes on pylgrymage to taverne, Which be-for unthrift liht Ase a launteme anyht. berith the lanterne. alSOO On England's Commercial Policy in Wright Political Poems II L76 To look like a Lantern 283[12]: Of alle the remes in the worlde this al376 Piers A vii 164: He lokede lyk a lanterne b e r ^ the lanterne. NED Lantern Ic. See B230. al his lyf after. Skeat 110. L77 As lean as Lantem-homs L72 To have eyes like Lanterns al400 Alexander С 267.5398: That light lemand al400 Siege of Jerusalem 67.1146: Som lene on eghen as lanterns he had. el440 Prose Alexander to loke as la(n)teme-homes. 102.36: And his eghne lyke twa lanternes. L78 To have something (someone) by the Lap L73 To hide one's Lantern (candle) under a 1413 PHoccleve De Guilleville Poems xxxvii.10-1: I wend, in sothfastnesse. Have had for evere bushel Joye be the lappe. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog a900 Alfred Gregory 43.2-3: Crist on his godspelle cuaeö: Ne scyle nan mon blaecern aelan 127.490: Now have I god, me thynkith, by the under mittan. clOOO WSG Matthew ν 15: Ne lappe. hi ne aelaS hyra leohfaet, and hit under cyfe settaÖ, ас ofer candelstsef {jaet hit onlihte еа11шп fje on J>am huse synt, Mark iv 21: Cwyst {ju cymS Öaet leohtfœt {jaet hit beo imder bydene asett, oSSe under bedde? Wite geare Jjaet hit sy ofer candelstsef asett, Luke viii 16. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 1036: Ne men hghte nat a lanterne and put it imder a busshel, but men sette it on a candle-stikke to yeve light to the men in the hous. cl395 WBible Matthew ν 15: Ne me teendith not a lanterne, and puttith it undur a busschel, but on a candilstike, that it gyve light to alle that ben in the hous, Mark iv 21, Luke viii 16, xi 33. а139в(1494) Hilton Scale E5''[2-4]: There is no man that lyghteth a lanterne for to sette it under a busshell but upon a candelstycke. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 270[13]: For bi this prestis ben hid under the bushel, 271[22-3]: That man puttith his lanterne in hidd place or undir a bushel. cI400 Paues 205 (Matthew ν 15): Nor men lyghte not a lanterne and putte it undir a buschel. cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 396.1089-92: Who can or may keepe cloos or hide A deer lanterne whan that it is lyht. On a chaundelabre whan it doth abide; Or of the sonne diíFace the bemys bryht? al450 Lemyng in Kail 100-1.155-8: Youre prechyng shal be candel light. Nought under worldly buschel hyd, But on a candel-styke on

L79 The false Lapwing (varied) cl380 Chaucer PF 347: The false lapwynge, ful of trecherye. al393 Cower CA III 111.6045-7: And yit unto this dai men seith, A lappewincke hath lore his feith And is the brid falseste of alle. cl400 Plowman's Tale 189.1339: And lapwinges, that wel cormeth ly. alSOO Piers of Fullham 14.328-30: Lappewynkes playnly, it is no fable. In their hertes ben so imstable, Whether they ben old or yong of age. Cf. Apperson 350; Oxford 350; Tilley LÖS. L80 He that begins with Largess fails not to speed (succeed) al420 Lydgate Troy I 330.6496-9: For who that can with larges first be-gynne, Ne failleth nat after wel to spede Thorugh help of men, whan that he hath nede: For love folweth ftedam comounly. See G64, 261, M638. LSI Largess is worth little there wisdom wants cl225 Wohunge of Vre Laverd 271[26-7]: Bote largesce is lutei wurth ther wisdom wontes. L82 Largess stints all manner of strife cl516 Skelton Magnificence 13.367: For Largesse stynteth all maner of stryfe. See G81. L83 The more Largess gives away the more God sends her al400 PChaucer й о т . A 1155-60: Not Avarice,

197

327

Law

the foule caytyf, Was half to gripe so ententyf, Apperson 44; Oxford 40; Smith 169; Taylor As Largesse is to yeve and spende; And God and Whiting 215; Tilley L85. See T2II. ynough alwey hir sende. So that the more she L90 Lateware receives no good at the dole yaf away The more, ywys, she hadde alwey. {distribution) See E118, G261. al393 Gower CA II 308.250-3; Bot Slowthe mai no profit Winne, Bot he mai singe in his karole L84 To flee as the Lark does the sparhawk cl380 Ferumbras 87.2679-80; Andfloghethanne How Latewar cam to the Dole, Wher he no good out of is way . . . So doth the larke on someres receive mihte. See B155. day, The sperhauk that is in flighte, 173.5555-6: Al-so floghe the Sarzyens Roland . . . So sper- L9I He Laughs that wins hauk doth the larke. 1485 Caxton Charles 1546 Heywood D 26.22; He laugth that vi^nth, 193.31-3; For there was never larke fledde more 1555 E 187.229: They laugh that win. Apperson ferfully tofore the sperhawke than the sar- 352; Oxford 352; Taylor and Whiting 215; asyns fledde tofore rolland, cl489 Blanchardyn Tilley L93; Whiting Drama 264. 63.18-9: The whiche his enmyes fledde, as the L92 (He) that now Laughs oft may weep larke doth the sperhauke. alSOO Partenay al500 Clerk and the Nightingale I in Bobbins 53.1388: That As A larke fro A hauke doth fle. 173.20; That now lawgh oft may wepe. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 360[8-9]; And fled before them as the larke dothe before the hawke. L93 As green as (the, any) Laurel cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1464-6; I feele me L85 To rise or (before) the Lark nowhere hoor but on myn heed; Myn herte and al439 Lydgate Fall III 713.1428; In the dawenalle my lymes been as grene As laurer thurgh yng roos up or the larke. Apperson 533; Oxford 28; Taylor and Whiting 214; Tilley B186. the yeer is for to sene. aI405 Lydgate Fhure in MP II 417.238: Fayrest in our tonge, as the L86 Not reck a Last {trace) laurer grene. clSOO Lancelot 3.82: A birde, that al400 SœtHsh Legends II 207.102-3: Rekis was as ony lawrare gren. Cf. Tilley L95. nocht a laste Hou foule ore unfaire we be. NED L94 All the Lave {rest) good and so good end Last sb.i 1. cl420 Wyntoun VI 257.1-6; Omnü consummaL87 What may ever Last? cionis I saw that ende. The prophet said, lik cl380 Chaucer HF 1147: But men seyn, "What to commende: Al the laif gud, and sa gud ende. may ever laste?" Oxford 252: Good gear, 732: In al statis I that commende. Al the laif gud, World. See T87. and sa gud fyne, Makis al the sowme gud, said Hendyne. See B204. L88 Evil Late {behavior, lake [play]) evil name cl350 Good Wife E 160.44: Evil lat, evil name, L95 Lave {remnant) in the rock {distaff) is no C1425 H 161.48; Eveil lak, evell name. thief al400 Bozon Contes 117[15-23]: lis ne veolent L89 Better Late than never cI330 Gregorius 146 A 835: Better is lat than pas aver le noun des larons, sicom I'em dit never blinne. al387 Higden-Trevisa III jadys de un peigneresce en suth pays, de un 279[15-6]: And seide that it was bettre to leme femme qe fust apellé Leve in thi rokke, qe fust that crafte late than leme it nevere. cl395 sotil en le mester de peigneresce, mès nul oeveChaucer CT VIII[G] 1410: For bet than nevere raigne prendreit de homme ne de femme qu ele is late. al400 Ancrene {Recluse) 160.24: Ac ne prendreit e en portereit graund partie de la bettere is late than never Austin seith. cl435 leyne, ja tant ne lui fust doné pur son servise, ?Lydgate Dance {Lansdowne) 61.440: Bettir dont de lui sourdi un tiel parlance: Leve in thi late than nevyr to do good deede. 1448 Shilling- rokke ne is no thef. Take other mannez wulle ford 36[8]. C1450 Douce MS.52 56.140. cl450 is hire to lef Rylands MS.394 108.24.1. al475 Assembly of Gods 36.1204: He seyde Vyce to forsake ys L96 As sweet as any Lavender seeds bettyr late then never, с1475 Rawlinson MS. D alSOO Beauty of his Mistress III in Bobbins 328 122.55; Beter latte to thri than never. 127.18-20: And your-selfe as swete as ys . . . 1483 Caxton Cato Gl'"[21-2]. alSOO Hill 129.43. any lavender sedes strawen yn a coofer To 1529 More Supplicacion 336 G[3-4]: Sith that smell. late is better than never, 1534 Comforte 1216 L97 Law can do nothing without good {property) AB. 1546 Heywood D 37.85, 1555 E 198.300. al475 Hit is ful harde in MLN 55(1940) 566.5:

Law

328

Lawe can do no thyng withouten good. See LIIO. L98 Law goes as it is favored 1455 Paston III 22[7-8]: For nowadays ye know well that law goeüi as it is favored. See LIOO.

198 lawes . . . shall they make as an olde Philosopher saide to be muche lyke unto cobwebbes, in whych the lyttle Knattes, and Flyes stycke styll and hange fast, but the great humble Bees breake them and fly quite thorowe. Apperson 353; Oxford 354; Tilley L116. See F231, T71.

L99 The Law goes by no lanes L107 Such Law as a man gives another he should cl400 Beryn 101.3358-9: The lawe goith by no use himself (varied) lanys, But hold(ith) forth the streyt wey, even cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 43-5: For swich lawe as doith a lyne. See T512. as a man yeveth another wight. He sholde LIOO The Law is ended as folk are friended hymselven usen it, by right; Thus wole oure 1556 Heywood Spider 123[13-4]: Yet sum say, text. al500 Warkworth 13[6-8]: And so the sumtime, that the law is eended. In sum case, Erie of Worcetre was juged be suche lawe as in sum place: as folke are freended. Apperson he dyde to other menne. Apperson 392; Oxford 353; Skeat 101; Tilley L118. See D282, L4e3. 396:46; Oxford 402; Tilley M63. See L98. L108 To hold no better Law than the hound LlOl The Law is not to hide cl330 Horn Childe 186.618: The lawe is nought with his fellow al300 Arthour and M.i 17.491-2: And held no to hide. better lawe. Than the hoimde with his felawe, L102 Law lies in lordship {varied) aI500 Arthour and M.^ 296.493-6. Cf. Tilley cl405 Mum 73.1583-4: For lawe heth muche in 0462. See D333. lordship sith loyauté was exiled, And poure men pleyntes penylees a-bateth. cl415 Middle L109 Where Law lacks error grows English Sermons 238.39-239.1: For trewly lawe al393 Gower CA II 19.511-2: Wher lawe lacketh, errour groweth. He is noght wys who goys as lordshipp biddeth hym. See M534. that ne troweth. L103 Law of kind (nature) is free LllO Who will have Law must have money al439 Lydgate Fall II 361.1170: Afferme also, cl475 Wisdom 57.669: Wo wyll have law, must how lawe of Kynde is fre. See K27. have monye. Tilley L125. See L97. L104 The Law of Medes and Persians L l l l Wrong Laws make short lords 01395 WBible Daniel vi 12: The word is soth bi the decree of Medeis and Perseis, which it 1464 Hardyng 18β[16-8]: A proverbe is of olde is not leveful to breke, 15: Wite thou, kyng, was (which) wysemen kend. That wronge lawes that it is the lawe of Medeis and of Perseis, (make ever) shorte lordes, Whiche wysemen that it is not leveful that ony decree be (yet) remembre, and recordes. Oxford 736. chaungid, which the kyng ordeyneth. Oxford L I 12 From Lawdian (PLothian) to London 353; Tilley L113. cl475 Henryson Sum Practysis 159.61: Thair is nocht sic ane lechecraft fra lawdian to lundin. L105 Laws are forlorn (iosf) in war time el300 Robert of Gloucester I 392-3.5389-91: L113 As sweet as the Lawn Vor they me segge that lawes beth in worre alSOO Kennedy 42.362: Bot with that face tyme vorlore. Nas it noght so bi is daye, vor mair sueiter than the lawn. DOST s.v. Laun, thei he in worre werre, Lawes he made right- suggests quhiter for sueiter, or balm for laum. volore and strengore than er were. Cf. Tilley Cf. Whiting Ballad 28: White. D624. L I 14 He that will sell Lawn before he can fold L106 Laws are like lop-webs (cobwebs) which it shall repent before he have sold it take small flies and let great flies go 1546 Heywood D 32.35-6: He that will sell cl412 Hoccleve Regement 102.2815-21: Smal lawne before he can folde it. He shall repent tendimesse is had now of our lawes; Ffor if so him before he have solde it. Apperson 353; be that ООП of the grete wattes A dede do, Oxford 573; Tilley L121. which that a-geyn the lawe is. No thyng at al he punysshid for that is; Right as lop-webbys, L115 As blae (livid) as Lead flyes smale and gnattes Taken, and suffre grete al325 Cursor II 466.8073: Bla als led thai war. flyes go, Ffor al this worlde, lawe is now rewlyd cl440 St. Christopher 460.525: His body wexe so. 1534 More Comforte 1226 E[7-14]: The als bla als lede.

L123

329

L l i e As black as (any) Lead cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 365.11727-8: Thys Ananyas fyl dowun dede, As, blak, as any lede. aI325 Cursor II 466.8073; Blac . . . als led thai war. cl440 St. Christopher 464.827. L117 As bio {blackish blue) as (any) Lead cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune 8.136: Hyr body als bio as ony lede (υατ. beten leed). al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 128.18365: So lay he bolnand, bio als led. al438 Kempe 69.34-5: Sehe wex as bio as any leed, 105.20-1: (She) wex al blew and al bio as it had ben colowr of leed. al460 Towneley Plays 268.327. al475 Guy^ 134.4667: any. al490 Ripley Mistery in Ashmole 383[12]: any. 1493 Tretyse of Love 31.7-9: The fayr colour of your lyppys ys now becum as bio as led that had be gretly betyn. cl522 Skelton Speb II 21.428: Wanne, bloo as lede. L118 As blue as (any) Lead cl410 Lovelich Merlin I 179.6764: Al-thowgh he seme as blw as led. aI437 Kitvgis Quair 88.153[2]: With bakkis blewe as lede. aI438 Kempe 140.23: Than wex sehe al blew as it had ben leed. 1449 Metham 56.1512: ony. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 53.61. L119 As cold as (any) Lead cl390 Mary and the Cross 620.303: Heore hertes were colde as lumpyng led. 1449 Metham 61.1650: Hys hert gan cold . . . wax as ony led. cl450 Idley 209.342: The prest hart waxyd colde . . . as lede. 1509 Barclay Ship I 296[4]. Svartengren 313; Whiting Scots I 197. H 2 0 As dowf (dull) as (any) Lead 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 219.95: Harland hys wery lymmys dolf as led, IV 28.102: Full cald of curage, dolf as ony led, 31.189: the led. L121 As dull as Lead al500 As I fared thorow in Dyboski 89.29: This makyth my hart as dull as lede. cl522 Skelton Speke II 23.459. Svartengren 53. L122 As haw (blue) as (the) Lead cl475 Henryson Testament 114.257: Haw as the Leid. 1501 Douglas Palice 19.27: Dartis haw as leid. Whiting Scots I 198. L123 As heavy as (the, any, a piece of, a dob of, lump of) Lead a750 Riddles in Exeter Book 202.74-5: Hefigere ic eom . . . J)onne . . . unlytel leades clympre. al325 Maximion in Böddeker 247.82: Myn herte is hevy so led, 250.151, 253.251. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 317.9069-70, В I 38[6],

Lead II 252[1]. cl340 Rolle Psalter 505 (Song of Moses [I] 11). al350 Alexius (1) {Laud 108) 66.444: Hevy so any led. cl375 St. Cristina in Horstmann Legenden 1881 95.253. cl380 Ferumbras 130.4171-2. cl390 Alexius {Verrwn) 66.443-4: He fel a-doun to the grounde As hevi as the led. cl390 Lamentacioun in Verrwn I 324: var. after 624. cl390 Verses on the Earthquake of 1382 in Brown Lyrics XIV 188.69. cl395 WBibk Ecclesiasticus xxii 17: What schal be maad hevyere than leed? al400 Alle-mighty god in Yorbhire Writers II 43.564. al400 Amadace 130[6]. al400 Esto Memor Mortis in Brown Lyrics XIV 240.26: any. al400 Ipomadon A 44.1474, 50.1687. al400 Le Morte Α. 29.905: Any, 114.3738: Any. al400 Northern Verse Psalter I 31 (12.4 var.). al400 Scottish Legends I 473.530. cl400 St. Anne {1) 21.771. cl400 Gowther 155.492. cl400 Laud Troy II 338.11478: the. cl400 Plowman's Tale 152.159-60: A staf of golde, and perrey, loi As hevy as it were mad of leed. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 140.3882: He vexith hevy as a peece of leed. 1414 ?Brampton Psalms 13[19]: My synnes ben hevy as hevy leed. cl422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 203.655: And my look ful dym and hevy as leed. al425 Hayle, bote of bale in Wheatley MS. 8.62: Never no leede so hevy was, 12.205: the. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 48.7337, 12.9806, 106. 13177. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 375.13854, 618.23160-1: as a clobbe of leed, 650.24259-60. cl430 PLydgate Compleynt 61.182: ony. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 510.738. 1449 Metham 61.1650: ony. al450 Castle 164.2924: any. al450 Generydes A 159.5102: any. al450 ParUmope 409.9865-6: The soudan hoveth as hevy as lede. The tothe-ache I trow be in his hede, 438.10805. al450 York Plays 103.15, 139.20-1, 166.297: any, 241.21: any, 367.262. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 67.850, 103.411: ony, 356.549: the, 364.784, 379.1238: oony, 392.1620: ony, 394.1685. cl450 Idley 84.217: ony, 128.1226, 209.342. cl450 Jacob's Well 141.27. cl450 Northern Passion 54 Cli 533, A 533: any. al460 Towneley Plays 42.82, 346.210, 389.71: any. cl470 Wallace 27.309. al475 Banester Guiscardo 30.518. al475 Gai/2 168.5877, 306.10646: the. al475 Ludus Coventriae 13.421, 160.273: as lympe of leede, 317.1332. 1481 Caxton Reynard 37[26], 1483 Golden Legende 195"·[2.3]. cl485 Burial and Resurrection 179.225, 192.617. cl485 Mary Magdalene {Digby) 64.272. al500 Coventry Plays 64.1015: any. al500 Now late me thought 279[30]. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 426.3. Apperson 296; Taylor and Whiting 216; Tilley L134; Whiting Ballad 28, Drama 319:201.

Lead

330

L124 As hot as any Lead (cauldron) cl450 Idley 135.1656: He loovith hir as hoote as ony leede. L125 As low as Lead al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 73.2314: To lyght them that lay low os led, 34.14977. al475 Court of Sapience 213.2306: They are but erthe, and brought (as) lowe as lede.

L124

body lyke the lede, (Lansdowne) 9.136: And all hir body as betyn lede. al420 Lydgate Troy 111 608.1526: Of colour like to lede, al430 Pilgrimage 346.12756: Hyr fface colouryd was lyk led. al450 Death and Life 6.170: And her lere like the lead that latelye was beaten. cl475 Henryson Orpheus 140.351: Hir Lilly lyre wes lyk unto the leid, Testament 110.155: His lyre was lyke the Leid. clSOO Greene Carols 420.5: Ye loke lyke lede, 462.3: Lyke lede hys colore was. 1509 Barclay Ship II 115[20-1]: With colour . . . Somtyme as lede. 1513 Douglas Aeneid 111 23.52: This lyver collorit as the led.

H 2 6 As pale as (any, beaten) Lead al400 In Alisaundre in Horstmann Sammlung 180.521: Hire face was pale as eny leed. 1449 Metham 72.1969: ony. al500 Chaucers Dreme in Speght Chaucer 357''[2.38]: any. al500 Squire 42 Ρ 150: as beaten leade. clSOO Lady Bessy 9[8]. 1506 Hawes Pastime 76.1958: ony, L132 To have no Lead on one's heels 216.5619: ony. 1515 Barclay Sf. George 84.2066, cl475 Mankind 21.548: I promes yow 1 have no lede on my helys. Tilley L136; Whiting 85.2094. Tilley L135; Whiting Scots 1 198. Drama 352:675. L127 As red as burning Lead L133 To sink like (a plumb of) Lead cl350 Seven Sages A 133 E 2788-9: And the al400 Thy Joy be in the love of Jesus in Brown tonge also there on rede. As evyr was brennynge Lyrics XIV 108.11: Syn synkes as lede. cl410 lede. Lovelich Grail III 113.289-90: Into the water they sonken . . . As thowgh it hadde ben . . . L128 As sad (heavy) as the Lead led. al500 Stations 365.769: Bot synkys done, al513 Dunbar Dream 128.20: Sad as the leid. as a plombe of lede. NED Sad A 7, quote cl638. L134 To wallow (fade) like Lead L129 As wan as (the, any) Lead cl475 Thewis 185.132: And vallowit on the cl325 When I think in Brown Lyrics XIII mom as lede. Whiting Scots 1 198. 151.13: Mi soule is won so is the led. cl395 Chaucer CT VI11[G] 728: Now is it wan and of L135 To weigh like any Lead a leden hewe. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus- cl475 Mankind 25.692: Yt weys as ony lede. Trevisa v4^[2.31-2]: Pale in colour other wanne L136 As fele (many) as Leaves on trees (varied) as leed. cl420 Page Siege 198.1231-2: With wan cl380 Chaucer HF 1945-7: And eke this hous color as the lede (vars. as any lede; wan as hath of entrees As fele as of leves ben in trees lede). Not lyke to lyve but unto dede. cl450 In somer, whan they grene been. al508 DunBrut II 420.30. al4e0 Townehy Plays 391.146. bar Flyting 11.195-6: Ma wormis hes thow al500 Orfeo 10 Harley 106: ony. al513 Dunbar beschittin Nor thair is . . . leif on lind. Cf. Dream 128.25: Hir hew was wan and wallowed Taylor and Whiting 216. as the leid. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 36.29. Tilley L135. L137 As green as (a) Leaf cl475 Henryson Testament 113.238: Now grene L130 Lead and gold (varied) as leif. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 448-9: The cl300 South English Legendary II 644.1037-8: duke . . . waxed pale and grene as a lefe. For led nepasseth noght so muche in bounte as gold iwis. For the dignete of preost herre L138 As light as Leaf thanne lewed is. al325 Cursor 111 1362.23861-2: cl390 Think on Yesterday in Brown Lyrics XIV Hu mai he be him-selven hald That cheses him 143.13: This day, as leef we may be liht. the led for gold, al400 FT: That chesyth lade And levyth the gold. 1534 Heywood Love L139 As light as Leaf (up)on lind B3''[23]: No greater dyfference betwene lede с1325 In may hit murgeth in Brown Lyrics XIII 146.3: Ant lef is lyht on lynde. cI378 Piers В and golde. Whiting Drama 319:201. i 154: Was nevere leef upon lynde lighter therL131 To be like Lead after. 01395 Chaucer CT 1V[E] 1211: Be ay of al400 Morte Arthure 116.3954: His lippis like chiere as light as leef on lynde. a1450 Castle to the lede, and his lire falowede. cI400 Thomas 184.3595-6. al450 Partonope 27.990. cl450 of Erceldoune (Thornton) 8.136: And all hir Chaunce 8.104. cl450 Robin Hood and the Monk

LÍ5I

331

in Child III 100.76. cl475 Golagros 10-1.289-90: Yit sail be licht as leif of the lynd lest, That welteris doun with the wynd, sa waverand it is. al500 Ryght as small fades 157.138. Apperson 368; Tilley L139; Whiting Scote I 198. See L295.

Lealty

Laud Troy I 264.8965-8: On every a side Achilles schakes . . . As levis wagges with the wynde. al450 Partonope 40.1484-7: Here herte wyth-in her body fferde Lyke as the le£Fe dothe on a tre. When hyt ys blowe, as thou may see, Wyth hydowesse wynde and tempaste grette. cl500 О lady myne in Anglia 72(1954) 411.122: And never fro yow to meve as lefe wyth wynde.

L140 As light as Leaf on (a) tree al400 Rowlande 86.996: He was lyghte als lefe one tree. al450 York Plays 444.346: Nowe am I light as leyf on tree. al460 Towneley Plays L146 To quake like (the, any, a) Leaf (leaves) 127.357-8: As lyght I me feyll As leyfe on a tre, (on tree, lind) 325.623. cl475 Henryson Robene 153.65-6: al400 Meditations 7.225-6: With that woys the Robene on his wayis went, Als licht as leif of fend gan quake As doth the lef when wyndis wake, 50.1913-4: Thei gonne to quake. As doth tre. Whiting Scoto I 198. the lef whan wyndes wake, 57.2181: Thei L141 As lithy {pliable) as a Leaf quaked as dede the lef on tre. al400 Quatreal400 Siege of Jerusalem 59.1027-8 (var.)·. That foil 14.418: Qwakande als lefe appon tree. al410 the fyngres and feet, fustes and joyntes, Weryn Prophecy in Minot 110.239-40: Than sail all lethy as a leaf and lost han her strengthe. Ingland quakeand be. Als leves that hinges on the espe tre. cl410 Lovelich Grail 11 346.215-7: L142 As swift as Leaf on lind al450 Pride of Life in Waterhouse 96.263-4: That It ne qwakede and schok Also As dide Ony Qwher is Mirth my messager, Swifte so lefe on lef uppon A tre That with the wynd Mevede seker e. al450 Partonope 371.9067-8: That as a l)Tide. lefe With wynde yshake, so quoke hir brethe. L143 As thick as Leaves (varied) al460 Towneley Plays 365.360: Mi flesh it al300 XI Pains 154.241-2: Ther-inne goth soulen quakys as lefe on lynde. al475 Guy^ 339.11808: thikkur inouh Than leves fallen of the bouh. All у qwake as leef on tre. Whiting Scots I 198. сХЗОО Robert of Gloucester I 93.1287-8: That See A216. fole vel doun vorwounded and aslawe in either side As thicke as leves doth of tren ayen L147 To tremble like (a, the) Leaf (on tree, on winteres tide. cl400 Laud Troy I 287.9737-8: aspen tree) As thik as leve on the tre He sles hem doun al400 Quatrefoil 14.418: Trembland . . . als by two or thre. cl440 St. Christopher 464.873-4: lefe appon tree. 1413 PHoccleve De Guilleville For alle thaire arows hange in the ayre. Als Poems Ivii 179: But tremble as doth a leef upon thike als leves dose on trees. Taylor and Whit- a tree. cl440 Charles of Orleans 89.2637: With ing 216. hert tremblyng as leef of aspen tre. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 278.20-2: The moste hardy . . . L144 To fall like (a, the) Leaf (leaves) tremblid for fere as a leef on a tree, II 380.11-2: сХЗОО Robert of Gloucester I 310.4401: That And tremblyng as the leef on the tree they fole vel to grounde aslawe as leves doth of tre. durst not abide. Whiting Scots I 198. See Α21β. cl395 WBible Isaiah Ixiv 6: And alle we feilen doun as a leef, and our wickidnessis as wynd han L148 To tum the Leaf take awei us. al400 Respondo in E. K. Chambers 1480 Caxton Ovyde 5[18-9]: Now I wil torn my and F. Sidgwick Early English Lyrics (London, muse on that other side of the leef and synge a 1907) 19.26: 1 falle so doth the lef on the tree. songe. 1546 Heywood D 69.105: She will tourne cl400 Laud Troy I 316.10707-8: Thei falle the leafe. Apperson 652; Oxford 676; Taylor afftir him as doUi the leves In wynter-tyme and Whiting 217; Tilley L146. that growes on greves. 1414 PBrampton Psalms L149 But (wtíhout) Lealty all other virtues are 30[10]: I falle as doth the leef on tre. not worth a flea L145 To fallow (fade) like the Leaf (etc.) (A cl475 Henryson Fables 78.2285-6: For it is said number of single quotations are brought together in Proverb: "But lawte All uther vertewis ar nocht worth ane fle." Apperson 456:12. here) cl325 De Clerico 152.3: Al у falewe so doth the L150 In Lealty there is no lack lef in somer when hit is grene. cl390 Of clene al500 Eger H 299.1908: And in lavrtie there is Maydenhod 466.40: Hit wol to-dryve as lef on no lack. See L508. bouh. cl395 WBible Proverbs й 28: But just men schulen burjowne as a greene leef. cl400 LI51 Lealty is kend (made known) at the last

Leahy

332

L152

cl450 Cornali and Teiching 70.171: For atte L163 Better Leave than lack 1546 Heywood D 26.12: Better leave then last lawte is kend. lacke. Apperson 44; Oxford 40; Tilley L172. L152 Lealty is the fairest thing cl450 Ratis 17.565-6: Quhen ilke thing cumis L164 He that will thrive must ask Leave of his to the lycht Than lawte fairest is in sieht. wife (varied) al500 Basyn 45.21-3: Hit is an olde seid saw, L153 Lealty is to love (praise) I swere be seynt Tyve; Hit shal be at the wyves cl375 Barbour Bruce I 16.365-74: Leaute to will if the husbonde thryve, Bothe within and luff is gretumly; Throuch leaute liffis men rychtwisly: With a wertu (of) leaute A man with(o)wte. al500 Greene Carols 410.13: For may yeit sufflcyand be: And but leawte may hym that cast hym for to thryve, He must aske nane haiff price, Quhethir he be wycht or he leve of his wyff. 1549 Heywood D 45.127: He be wyss; For quhar it failyeys, na wertu May that will thrive must aske leave of his wife. be off price, na off valu, To так a man sa Apperson 631; Oxford 656; Tilley L169. gud, that he May symply gud man callyt be. L165 Leave is light 1546 Heywood D 37.56: Ye might have knokt L154 As bright as any Leam (flame) er ye came in, leave is light, 1555 E 169.134. al300 Meidan Maregrete 491.53: Maidan MareApperson 357; Oxford 359; Tilley L170. grete, britt so eni 1еше, 494.161. cl330 St. Margaret 229.134. L166 To lie with one's Leches (looks) al200 Lawman II 148.13703-4: Mid his lechen L155 To low (glow) as Leam he gon lighen. His heorte wes ful blithe. See al400 Alexander С 8.226: The lede lawid in F2. hire lofe as leme dose of gledis. L156 He that may Leam and hold fast shall L167 Lechery is no sin (varied) сХЗОЗ Mannyng Handlyng 22.593: Lechery ys be wise at the last al475 Guy^ 1.15-6: He, that myght leme and but lyght synne. cl378 Piers В iii 57-8: Who holde faste. He schulde wexe wyse at the laste. may scape the sklaundre the skathe is sone amended; It is a synne of the sevene sonnest L157 Leam or be lewd (ignorant) relessed. al439 Lydgate Fall II 361.1181-3: cl450 Idley 81.36: But thow leme thow shalt Reherse these storyes for excusacioun Off ther be lewde. cl477 Caxton Curtesye 4.21: Who errour, therbi a pris to wynne, As tofor God wolle not lere, nedely must be lewid. al500 lecheri wer no synne. cl450 Idley 200.2555: Lytylle Childrenes Lytìl Boke (Harley MS.541) As tofore God lecherie were noo synne (from in Fumivall Babees Book 24[109-10]: Leme or Fall). cl475 Mankind 26.699: There am but be lewde, quod Whytyng. al529 Skelton Gar- sex dedly synnys: lechery ys non. 1533 More Confutación 705 AB: For never was there with nesche I 130.127: Leme or be lewde. us so great a lechour, that ever woulde preache L158 He that wot (knows) Least oft says most that lecherye was no sinne. Whiting Scots II el 175 Poema Morale 177.112: Se thet lest wot 125. See L478. seith ofte mest, and se thet al wot, is stille. L168 The Lectuary (remedy) comes all too late L159 As heavy as Leather al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 12.9806: Hyr hert when men carry the corpse to the grave cl385 Chaucer TC ν 741-2: But al to late was hevy os lether. comth the letuarie. Whan men the cors unto the grave carie. Oxford 4. Cf. Apperson 3; Lieo As tough as Leather al300 Alisaunder 327 M 415-6: Clay they have Tilley D133. See A72, C51, L178, M484, S45. in that lande As towghe as leder. Apperson Lie9 In Lede (people) is not to lain (conceal) 642; Taylor and Whiting 401; Tilley L166. al300 Richard 82.24 (var.): In Lede is nought L161 To look in the Leather of one's left boot to leyn. al400 Awntyrs 123.83: In lede es cl380 Cleanness 58.1580-1: And alle that loked noghte to layne. cl450 Holland Howlat 56.267: on that letter as lewed thay were, As thay had Mony allegiance leile, in leid nocht to layne it, 76.852. See H281. loked in the lether of my lyft bote. See F477. LI70 He is a good Leech that can recure L162 To shine like barked (tanned) Leather al449 Lydgate Jak Hare in MP II 446.30: As himself barkyd leder his fface ys schynyng. cl430 Lydgate Dance 54.424: Good leche is he

1176

333

that can hym self recure. Apperson 261; Tilley P262. L171 Leech, heal thyself clOOO WSG Luke iv 23: Eala, laece, gehael Se sylfne. cl395 WBible Luke iv 23; Leeche, heele thi silf. cl400 Elucidarium 29[16]: Blynde leches, heeleth first youre silf. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 7.162-3: Cure, good mani ya, thow arte a fayre lechel Cure thi self. cl425 Orcherd 282.19-20. cl449 Pecock Repressor I 3[23]. 1450 Diets 84.1: And whan the leche may not hele him-silf, how shulde he hele other, 156.6-8: Thou shalte fare as a seke leche, the whiche caime not hele him-silf and enforcethe him to hele othir that hathe the same sikenes. 1477 Rivers Dictes 34[l-2], 44[35-6], 67[16-7]: Thou shalt be as the leche that is seke and can not hele him self. 1484 Caxton Aesop 221[18-9]: For the leche whiche wylle hele somme other ought fyrste to hele hym self. Apperson 492; O^ord 497; Tilley P267. See S43.

Leech

and telle oute al thin herte. 1420 Lydgate Temple 38.913-7: For who that wil of his preve peine Fulll be cured, his life to help and save. He most mekeli oute of his hertis grave Discure his wound, and shew it to his lech. Or ellis deie for defaute of speche. 1450 Diets 58.33-60.1: A leche may nott hele a sike man bot if he telle him the trouthe of his sikenes. al475 Ashby Dicta 90.1052-4: And hidithe to his leche the verite . . . He must slee hymselfe. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 14[29-32]: In al the worlde is no master ne Physycyen so subtyl that can gyve a covenable medecyn ne piastre, but yf the pacyent gyf hym knowlege of his payn and gryef, 1484 Royal Book 04''[15-6]: The Surgyen ne myght hele the sore but yf he sawe the wounde. al500 Disciplina Clericalis 31[24-7]: How moche a sike man hidith and takith awey the knowlache of his infirmyte from his leche, so moche more grevous and sharp shal his grevaunce and sikenes be. cl500 Lancelot 4.105-6: For long ore he be fonde, Holl of his leich, that schewith not his vound. See M25, S503.

L172 A Leech may do no cure while the iron sticks in the wound cll75 Lambeth Homilies 23[14-5]: Hu mei the L174 The Leech pines (pains) the wound that leche the lechnien, tha hwile thet iren sticat it may be healed in thine wunde? See 161. cll75 Twelfth Century Homilies 38.22-3: All L173 A Leech may not heal a wound unless swa Se laece dejj Se laecnaeS {jene mon—})e pinseS on J)a wundae Saet heo wurSae ihaeled. the sick man show it to him (varied)

clOOO Pseudo-Alcuin 384.331-2: Hwu maeig se L175 The three (best) Leeches: a glad heart, a laece gehselen J)a wimde, jie se untrume scune6, temperate diet and take no thought (varied) {)set he him eowie? alOSO Defensor Liber al449 Lydgate Dietary in MT II 704.61--Ì: Ther 38[9-10]: Ambrosius saede ne na soSlice him be thre lechees consarve a mannys myht, First gegearcian miht laecedom Jjaes Jje ys wund digle. a glad hert, he carith lite or nouht, Temperat 1340 Ayenbite 174[27-9]: And thervore zayth diet, holsom for every wiht. And best of all, boeice the wyse thet "yef thou wilt thet the for no thyng take гю thouht 1520 Whittinton leche the hele: hit be-hoveth thet thou onwri Vulgaria 43.11-3: To refresshe the mynde with thine wonde." cl380 Chaucer Boece I pr. iv myrthe, exercyse the body with labour, and to 4-6: Yif thou abidest after help of thi eche, the byhoveth discovre thy wownde, cl385 TC use temperate dyet be the chefest phisicyons i 857-8: For whoso list have helyng of his leche. for a student. Cf. Apperson 156; Oxford 497-8; To hym byhoveth first unwre his wownde. cl390 Tilley D427. See M131, 214, 514. Who says the Sooth in Brown Lyrics XIV L176 To be one's last (To need no other) Leech 153.38-40: For let a man be sore I-wounde, cl380 Ferumbras 86.2660: A kulde hem doun Hou schulde a leche this mon releeve. But yif affom him ther and was hure last leche. cl400 he mighte ronsake the wounde? al400 Cursor Gowther 159.605-6: Thei fell to tho ground and III 1498 F 26598-9: For mai na leche save na rosse not yytte. Nor lokyd aftur no leyche. wounde. Bot hit ware sene un-to the grounde. al425 АгОюиг and M? 370.2455-6: For all, cl400 Vices and Virtues 176.18-9: Ne the leche that he might ever reach, Trulye, they need noe ne may not hele a wounde but he see open- other leech. aI440 De Miraculo Beate Marie liche al the woimde. 1410 Walton Boethius 504.77-8: The frere had nedid none other leche 29(15-8]. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 10.260-3: Bot soné he hade bene slayne. al450 Generydes Ryght so, if the list have a remedye Of thyn A 40.1275-6: On him I shal take such wreche, annoy that prikketh the so smerte, The verray Shal him never nede noo leche, В 180.5657-8: cause of thin hyd maladye Thou most discover, He smote Gusare so harde uppon the cheke. That

Leech

334

leche craft hym nede non other seeke. al475 Gtii/2 65.2270-2: Ther was none, that he wold spare, Nor none, that he myght reche. That had nede of odur leche. a l ^ 3 Berners Huon 122.24-6; Whom so ever he towchyde with a full stroke, had no nede after of any surgyon, 230.23-4, 299.2-3, 377.30-1. See S46.

Π77 a lek. cl400 Laud Troy II 404.13733: His myght vayled him not of two lekes. a1460 Toumeley Plays 5.129: Now, therof a leke what rekys us? cI471 Recovery of the Throne in Wright Political Poems II 278[5]: Thay were not of thayre entent the nere of a leke. 1555 Heywood E 178.182(2).4: I weene not the value of a good greene leeke.

L177 To be one's Leech (i.e., to befriend) al475 Good Wyfe Wold 174.51: Yefe anny L185 Not worth a (one) Leek fortun fall amysse, then mey he be thy leche. cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 54[10]; Thi vayage es noht worthe a leke. al338 L178 While men go after a Leech the body is Mannyng Chronicle A I 442.12654: Ther dedes buried ar n o u ^ t worth a leke, II 457.13182, В I cl385 Usk 134.79: While men gon after a leche, 204[13]. al375 Octavian (S) 38.1205. cl395 the body is buryed. Apperson 679. See A72, C51, Chaucer CT IV[E] 1350: That every man that Lies. halt hym worth a leek. al400 Alexander С L179 The Leechdom (remedy) is vain which may 230.4228: And your lare of a leke suld nevire the les worth. cl400 Sowdone 50,1726. cl412 not heal the sick clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 60[33-4]: Ydel biS se Hoccleve Regement 60.1662, 127.3517, cl422 laecedom Jje ne maeg Öone untruman gehselan. Complaint 100.143: They wold(en) not have holde it worthe a leke. al430 Lydgate PilL180 As green as (a, any) Leek grimage 111.4198: Yet al yt ys nat worth a lek, al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa L7''[2.1-2]: 306.11197, 407.15099. cl450 Capgrave KathaA stone grene as a leke, JJ4''[1.20-1]: a. al400 rine 55.628, 111.535. cl450 Epistle of Othea PChaucer Rom. A 212: ony. al500 РеШЬотоиф 140.3. cl450 Greene Carols 417.1. al460 SpuriLapidary 83[4]: Grene as lyk, 117[15]. Apperson ous Chaucerian line in Manly-Rickert VI 493. 273; Oxford 266; Taylor and Whiting 217; al4e0 Towneley Plays 17.285: This is not worth Tilley L176. oone leke. 1464 Hardyng 397[23]. alSOO Piers LI8I As lithy (pliable) as a Leek (etc.) (A number of Fullham 2.16. cl500 King Hart 119.20: ane. of single quotations are brought together here) cl522 Skelton Colyn I 318.183. cl523 Barclay al400 Siege of Jerusalem 59.1027-8: That the Mirrour 71[33]. Apperson 457; Oxford 360; Tilley fyngres and feet, fustes and joyntes Was lythy 066; Whiting Drama 352:679, Scots I 199. as a leke and lost han her strengthe, 67.1146 L i s e Not worth a Leek's blade (var.): And some was lene on to loke as a leke. al400 Child 315.7-8: The beste song that ever 1402 Daw Topias 43[20]: As lewid as a leke. was made Ys not worth a lekys blade. cl440 al450 Generydes A 237.7683-4: To his face she Scrope Epistle 10[1]: The all were not worthe a leid hir cheke, She felt it cold as . . . leke. leke blade. L182 Dear enough a Leek clSOO Times of Edward Π 333.228: Hit shal be L187 Not worth a Leek's clove dere on (Peterhouse 19[15]: y-now) a lek, whan cl300 Gttt/i 210 A 3643-4: Bodi and soule no nought ther-of No is nought worth a lekes clof. hit is al i-wrouht. cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 795: And othere swiche, deere ynough a leek. L188 Set her upon a Leeland and bid the devil fetch her L183 Not give a Leek al449 PLydgate Evil Marriage in MP II 461 cl380 Chaucer HF 1708-9: And seyden they (var.): Than, yf she than wyll be no better. Set yeven noght a lek For fame. а14(Ю Scottish her upon a lelande, and bydde the devyll fet Legends II 198.777: Na gyfis nocht of the a leke. her. cl400 Laud Troy I 197.6664. L184 Not tell (count) a Leek (etc.) (A number L189 A Leg of a lark is better than the body of single quotations are brought together here) of a kite al338 Mannyng Chronicle В 1 16Ц14]: It was 1546 Heywood D 25.26-7: For a leg of a larke not told a leke, that non of his thien led. Is better than is the body of a kyght. Apperson al400 Romaunt В 4830: Sich love I preise not 350; Oxford 360; Tilley L186. at a lek, 5374: Men wole not sette by hym a L190 Long be your Legs and short be your life lek, 5730: And though they die, they sette not 1562 Heywood D 85.158: But long be thy legs.

L209

335

and short be thy lyfe. Apperson 378; Oxford 380; Tilley L192. L191 To set out one's better Leg alSOO Medwall Nature C3''[36]; Set out the better leg, I wame the. Oxford 35; Taylor and Whiting 218; Tilley F570. H 9 2 Leicestershire full of beans a1500 Characteristics of Counties in Rei Ant. 1 269[39]: Leicesterschir, full of benys. Apperson 359; Oxford 578; Tilley M372.

Letters stem as a lipard. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 11 478.13795-8: Was nevere lubard ne lyoun, Ne wilde wolf ne dragoun. That was so wod, beste to byte, As Wawayn was Romayns to smyte. cl350 Libeaus 93.1672-3: He rod to the felde ward, Light as a libard. cl400 Laud Troy 1 223.7562: Strong and yrus as any lyparde. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 115[11]: Feers i am thanne as Leopard. cl505 Watson Valentine 114.17-8: He was more fyerser than a Leoparde. al475 Guy'^ 145.5058: Felle he was, as a lybarte.

L193 By Leisure men pass many a mile L202 To be like a Leopard 1420 Lydgate Temple 17.393: For men bi laiser cl400 Sowdone 63.2191-2: This geaunte hade a passen meny a myle. body longe And hede, like an libarde, 2198. L194 Leisure overcomes those whom will may al470 Malory 11 734.21-3: Kynge Arthure lykened . . . sir Palomydes . . . unto a wood not cl400 Consilia Isidorì 368[42]: Ofte-tyme leyser lybarde. {Lot. assiduitas) hath overcome whom wylle L203 To come like a Leopard myghte not. cl330 Seven Sages A 67.1570: And he com als a leopard. L195 To repent at Leisure cl505 Watson Valentine 46.22-3: One may do an L204 To lead like a Leopard evil thinge, wherby he may repent him all at cl400 Laud Troy 1 180.6095-6: Achilles led the leyser. Cf. Tilley H191. formast warde. As is als it were a lyparde.

L196 When Leisure is more listening (Fatten- L205 To run like a Leopard tion) is better cl400 Laud Troy I 43.1432: He ran thedur as cl350 Joseph 6.164: Whon ure leyser is more a lyparde. ure lustnynge is bettre. L206 Better for the Less to quit {save) the more L197 As bright as Lampning (?/or levening cl400 Beryn 69.2254: Ffor better is, then lese [lightning]) all, the las the more quyt. See H344. al325 Cursor II 986.108'-9 ": His lokyng was L207 For the Less to lose (leave, forgo) the als bright Os is the rede lempninge. more H 9 8 Not worth a Lence (Ppin) с1450 Holland Howlat 68.606: Of lokis nor lynx mycht louss worth a lence. DOST Lence. L199 Who is not holy in Lent or busy in harvest is not likely to thrive cl434 Drury 76.3-4: For after the proverbe of old men, ho (so) is not holy in Lente or besi in hervest is not lykly to thryve.

al393 Gower CA III 77.4777-9: For often times of scarsnesse It hath be sen, that for the lesse Is lost the more. cl450 Douce MS.52 50.75: For the lesse me lefus the more. cl450 Rylands MS.394 93.3: It is no wysemanys lore to take the las and leve the more, 100.23: me lysed. cl450 Seege of Troye 118 A 1493-4: As men haf y-sayd her-by-fore—Ffor the lasse men lesyth the more. al475 Guy^ 289.10043-4: In proverbe hyt ys seyde full yare: Mony for the lesse forgoyth the mare. 1523 Berners Froissart III 46[38]: And douted leest he shulde lese the more for the lesse, 321 [10], 1525 IV 65[29-30].

L200 As stout as a Leopard cl375 Barbour Bruce 11 1.1-2: The erll of Carrik, schir Eduard, That stowtar wes than ane libbard, 46.524: Stoutar he maid than a libard. al500 Guy* 209.6946: Prowde and stoute as a L208 One lets (thinks) Less of the thing that leoparde. one has often L201 As swift as a Leopard (etc.) (A number of al200 Ancrene 210.23: Me let leasse of the thing that me haveth ofte, al250 (Nero) 188.1: Me single quotations are brought together here) cl300 Guy^ 330 A 6123-6: In alle the world is let lesse deinte to thinge thet me haveth ofte. so swift a best, Libard no ro, in no forest. No See C351.

dromedarie no is ther non So swithe goand so L209 To have (no) Letters of life is he on, 534.181.7-8: Douk Berard Prout and cl376 Piers A xii 86: We han letteres of Lyf,

Leve

336

L210

he shal his lyf tyne, cl378 В χ 89: For we have L218 To bum like a Leye (/ïame) no lettre of owre lyf, how longe it shal dure. cl350 Alexander В 193.555: That in his licamus lust as a lie brente. Oxford 455; Tilley M327. L210 Leve (believe) none better than yourself L219 To lance up like any Leye al450 Castle 145.2290-1: I make a fer in mans (varied) cl350 Good Wife E 168.143: Lef non betere towte, That launcyth up as any leye. than thisilf, cl450 L 200.127: And trust noon L220 A Liar hates his fellow bettir than thisilf for no fair speche, с1500 Τ 1450 Diets 140.18-9: Men seeithe ever a lier 208.167-8: For who that loveth hymsylf best hatithe his felawe, and oo thef takithe a-nother Most may lyve in rest. Apperson 649:11. and will his distracción. See K82. L211 As bright as (any, the) Levin (lightning) L221 A Liar is like a false (bad) penny among al330 Legend of Mary 499.4: (He w)as brighter the good than ani leven. cl330 St. Margaret 227.65: Than 1340 Ayenbite 62[22-3]: The lyeghere is amang maiden Mergrete, bright so ani leven. cl408 Lydgate Reson 134.5118: Brighter than the firy the men ase the valse репу amang the guode. levene. al438 Kempe 8.22-3: ony. al449 Lyd- cl400 Vices and Virtues 60.20-1: The lyghere gate Praise of Peace in MP II 788.82: Cantas fareth as a fais репу among the goode. cl450 in love brente briht as levene. cl450 Capgrave Jacob's Well 151.14-5: A lyere faryth as a badde Katharine 300.1194: As bright he semed as it peny amonge gode. were the levene. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) L222 A Liar is not believed (varied) 132.2043: the. alSOO Miracles of B. V. (Egerton) 1477 Rivers Dictes 97[10-1]: The reward of a in PMLA 38(1923) 321.29: the. 1513 Douglas lyar is that he be not bilevid of that he rehersAeneid III 154.170: Brycht as fyry levyn. See eth. 1484 Caxton Aesop 205[l-4]: He whiche is L266. acustomed to make desynges, how be it that he saye trouthe, Yet men byleve hym not, [20-1]: L212 As flaming as any Levin (etc.) (A number For men bileve not lyghtly hym whiche is of single quotations are brought together here) knowen for a Iyer. al420 Lydgate Troy 111 695.4458: As any levene so flavnnynge is thi light, 1439 Si. Albon L223 There are more Liars than leeches 182.1195: Fervent in fyry ire as any leven. al376 Piers A vii 260: Ther beoth mo lyghers 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 251.94: Forcy as fyry then leches. levin, IV 54.51: This Tarchon, ardent as the L224 Liberty makes many a man blind fyry levyn. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 3.52: Lyberte makL213 As light as (the, any) Levin yth many a man blynde. с1375 St. Stephen in Horstmann Legenden 1881 33.437: Thai kest up fire ligh als the levyn. L225 Liberty may sometimes be too large al400 Le Morte Α. 100.3308: They lemyd lyght cl516 Skelton Magnificence 2.37: Lyberte may As Any levyn, 109.3586: Any. al400 Melayne somtyme be to large. Cf. Oxford 665: Too much; 4.112: Ane angele lyghte als leven. al425 Metri- Smith 174; Tilley L225. cal Paraphrase o r 58.7693. al450 Castle 104.893, L226 Liberty without rule is not worth a straw 181.3499: the. al450 York Plays 479.175: the. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 43.1378: Yet Lyberte without rule is not worth a strawe. L214 As swift as Levin al439 Lydgate Fall III 731.2114: His conquest L227 To lose Liberty is a pain was swifft as . . . levene. Apperson 518. See 1472 Paston V 139[17]: Remembyr what peyn L269. it is a man to loese lyberte. See F613. L215 To leam (shine) like the Levin L228 Lickerousness engenders fleshly lust cl425 Avowynge 89[19-20]: And there come al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 354.13039-42: Ffor fliand a gunne. And lemet as the levyn. lykerousnesse OfiF welfare, and gret excesse, Engendre and cause naturelly Fflesshly lust L216 To shine like Levin cl300 Gui/i 522 A 166.8-9: And alle the pleynes and lechery. See C125, G168. ther-of it schon As it were light of leven. L229 As sweet as Licorice al300 Alisaunder 27.427-8: His love is also L217 To shoot out like Levin al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 174[4]: It affraied swete, iwys. So . . . lycorys. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3206-7: And he hymself as sweete as is the the Sarazins, as leven the fire out schete.

L247

337

Ufe

roote Of lycorys. al400 Florís 73.119-20: Lyco- L238 Good Life wins well rys Is not so soote as hur love is. cl450 North- el350 Good Wife E 160.32: God life wel winern Passion 14 Cli 120a. cl450 Owayne Miles neth, cl450 L 198.40-1: For he that in good liif (Auchinleck) 108.148[6]. al500 Beauty of his renneth, Ful ofte weel he wynneth, cl500 Τ Mistress III in Robbins 126.5. al500 Gracious 204.38: Good lyfe reneweth and well wynneth. and Gay in Robbins 144.7. cl500 Newton L239 Life is better than gold or good 270.21. al420 Lydgate Troy III 718.5285: The lyf is bet than gold or any good. L230 Well Lied well said 1556 Heywood Spider 196[22]: Well lide: well L240 Life is but a breath saide. cl400 But thou say Sooth in Brown Lyrics XIV L231 What first was Lief (dear) is made loath 206.53: Thenke thi lyf is but a breth. Whiting al500 Piers of Fullham 13.294-5: And thus full Drama 163. See L242. oft the game goth, That first was lief it makith L241 Life is but a dream and death wakes it loth. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 332.7020-1: Lyfe is

but a dreame, and deathe waketh it. See M165. L232 Where once is Lief let never be loath cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.3^.18: Ther onys is L242 Life is but as a wind-blast lefe, lett never be lothe. See L562. al400 Pricke 54.1943: For his lyf is noght bot L233 Who will have Lief he lief must let {give als a wynd blast. al450 Gesta 358[4-5]: What is the lyf of man or of any best but a litell wynde? up) (varied) cllOO Instructions for Christians 14.104-5: Ac See L240. gif }зи nelt naht leofes gesyllan, Ne miht {)u na L243 Life is like a flower, etc. gebicgan >aet Se best licaS. cl385 Chaucer TC al450 Gesta 235[2-5]: For the lyf of man is iv 1585: Ek "whoso wol han lief, he lief moot likenid nowe to a flour, nowe to hete or warmlete." Apperson 459: Nought (4). See A106, G96, nes, and nowe to a fleinge shadowe . . . and M211, S141, T330, W255. nowe to an arowe shote to a marke.

L244 Life is often lost soonest when it is held L234 As dear as Life cl250 Genesis and Exodus 99.3483: His word dearest gu wurthe digere al-so lif. 1513 Douglas Aeneid al023 Wulfstan Homilies 226.12-4: Eala, lytel is II 156.64: To thi systir derrar than hir awyn se fyrst ¡3yses lifes, and lyöre is, J^aet we lufiaö lyve. See L246. and on wunia6, and for oft hit wyrS raöost forloren t>onne hit wsere leofost gehealdan. L235 As lief (dear) as one's own Life al200 Lawman 1124.2935-6: Heo wes hire fader L245 Life is short, craft (science) is long al swa leof, Swa his aghene lif, 126.2978: Theou cl380 Chaucer PF 1: The lyf so short, the craft aert leovere thane mi lif, 148.3480-1: That ich so long to leme. al425 Chauliac 24.3: Life is ham wes swa leof, Levere thenne hire aghe lif, short, crafte forsothe is long. cl477 Norton Ordinali 87[14-5]: Whereof said Maria Sister of В That ich ham was so leof, Ase hire oghen lif, 211.4946-7, II 137.13439-40, 158.13923-4, Aron, Lyfe is short, and Science is full long. 177.14375-6, 269.16561, 360.18698-9. See L252, Apperson 16; MED craft n. (1) 3(b); Oxford 14; Skeat 135; Tilley A332. Cf. Taylor and Whiting M136. 220:10. See D44. L236 As sicker (certain) as the Life al393 Gower CA III 225.2163-4: And seith, "So L246 Life is sweet siker as the lif, A god hath leie be thi wif." cl380 Patience 18.156: For be monnes lode Svartengren 355: sure. never so luther, the lyf is ay swete. al393 Gower CA II 453.1861: The lif is suete. al450 L237 A good Life a good death (end) (varied) York Plays 65.279: Lyff is full swete. 1532 1450 Diets 94.9-10: He that lyveth good lif Berners Golden Boke 258.4617-8: Whan lyfe was schalle die good dethe. cl450 La Tour-Landry at the swetest. 1556 Heywood Spider 368[24]: 194.26-8: And, as men say communely, of honLife was sweete, death was sowre. Apperson est and good lyf cometh ever a good ende. 363; Oxford 366; Taylor and Whiting 220; al500 Good Wife ÍV 211.40: Good life ends wele. Tilley L254; Whiting Ballad 38. See L234. 1509 Barclay Ship I 65[11]: And his godly lyfe a godly ende shal fynde. Apperson 260; Oxford L247 The Life of other men is our shower 253-4, cf. 366; Tilley L391. (example) (varied)

Life

338

al300 AUsaunder 3.17-8: For Caton seith, the gode techer, Othere mannes liif is oure shewer. al393 Gower CA III 393.256: And every man is othres lore. See C161, M170, W47. L248 The Life one uses in youth shall be kept in age cl450 La Tour-Landry 9.34-5: For suche lyff as ye will contynue, use you to in youre youthe, ye shal be by youre flesshe constrained to kepe in youre age. See C226, Y32. L249 Life was never lent but livelihood was shaped cl378 Piers В xiv 39: For lente nevare was lyf but lyflode wara shapen. Apperson 252; Oxford 245. See G227. L250 Of evil Life comes evil ending (varied) al300 AUsaunder 27.455-6: Yhereth now hou selcouthe (L sunful) liif Cometh to shame, sorough, and striif, 45.751-2: Sooth it is, upe al thing, Of yvel liif yvel endyng. al415 Mirk Festial 56.20-1: Thus who so lyveth a fowle lyfe, he may be sure of a foule ende. al439 Lydgate Fall III 842.663: Vicious lyff kometh alwey to myschaunce. cl450 La Tour-Landry 72.3-4: For gladly evali lyff hatha evell ende. Apparson 193; Oxford 316; Smith 178; Tilley L247. See L40e, 412. L251 This wretched Life is but as a maze cl445 PLydgate Kalendare in MP I 364.35: For this wrecchid lyfe is but as a mase.

L24a

aI375 William 163.5150: miin ovrae. cl380 Chaucer HF 175-6, cl390 CT I[A] 3221-2: moore than, II[B] 535: right as, 625: right as, IX[H] 139-40: moore than. cl390 Gregorius 12.96: his owne. cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vernon) 274.6. al393 Gower CA II 150.749-51: her oghne, 380.2930-1: hire oghne hartes, III 93.5386-7: His oghna hartes, 98.5558, 107.5885-7, 113.6119-21. cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 816: hire hertes, 1093: his owene hertes. с1395 WBible I Kings xviii 1: his owne soule (cl382 liif), XX 17. al400 Athehton 69.74. al400 Chestre Launfal 71.654. aI400 Cursor II 750 F 13050: mare than. al400 Floris 90.602. al400 Northern Verse Psalter II 83 (118.47). al400 Scottish Legends I 384.383-4, II 93.836-7. cl400 Alexius (Laud 622) 26.147. cl400 Beryn 5.112: his owne, 36.1112: his owne. cI400 Brut I 41.22-3: As miche as. cI400 Laud Troy I 91.3071-2, II 409.13890: mora than, 452.153478: more than. cl400 Toulouse 241.481-2: his ovrae. al425 Alexius (Laud 463) 72.536 (Trinity: more than). al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 53.7529: lely as. al450 Gesta 48[9-10] (second version): as mych as. al450 Northern Passion 218 CDd var. 1846. al450 Partonope 5.156, 14.495: hys owne. al450 St. Editha 38.1690. al450 St. Etheldreda 286.159: his owne. al450 Seven Sages В 1.10, 46.1334: hire owen, 73.2144: hys ouen, 97.2867, 112.3312. al450 York Plays 58.63. aI460 Towneley Plays 56.141-2. 1464 Hardyng 17[9]. al470 Malory II 867.1: wall as. al475 Gui/2 310.10775-6. al475 Landavall 113.200. cl475 Brome Abraham in Waterhouse 39.81. cl475 How a Merchant 118.8: trewly as. cl477 Caxton Jason 119.4-5: better thenne. al500 Clerk and the Nightingale I in Bobbins 174.61. alSOO Colkelbie 298.69. al500 Good Knight in Horstmann Legenden 1881 329.23. al500 Grene Knight II 60.44: deerlye as. al500 Офо 34.376. cl500 Letter in Bobbins 192.23: evyn as. cl500 Lyfe of Roberte 253.890. cl500 Newton 260.14. cl505 Watson Valentine 17.35. 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 16.5. 1518 Watson Oliver S4''[26]. Svartengren 136; Whiting Drama 319:206, Scots I 200. See Β3β7, L235, S526.

L252 To love one as his Life (varied) al200 Lawman I 211.4953: And he heo leoveda alse his lif, II 146.13644: And iluvad hine swa mi lif, В 355.18572. al300 Interludium de clerico et puella 21.20: Y luf the mar than mi lif. al300 Jacob and Joseph 7.195: Tha quene lovede Josep ase hir owe lif, 15.433. cI300 Havelok 13.349, 54.1662-3, 56.1707. cI300 Guy^ 264.4605-6: Min owhen wiif. That y loved more than mi hif. al325 Cursor III 1334.23336. cl325 Chronicle 69.296. cl330 Degare 57.23. cl330 Orfeo 12.123-4. сШО Otuel 72.251-2. cI330 Peniworth 113.13. cl330 Seven Sages A 9.256, 118.2556, В 2653: more than, 142 E 2897, В 2926: better than, 159 E 3099, В 3228. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 82.2294, В I L253 What is Life where living is extinct? 83[23]. aI350 Seege of Troye 63.795, 109.1363. 1546 Heywood D 91.26: What is lyfe? Where al350 Seven Sages С 11.317-8, 96.2814: more livyng is extinct cleere. Apperson 364; Tilley than, 132.3932. al350 Ywain 44.1624: better L268. than, 62.2292, 106.4012. cI350 Octavian (Ν) 101.641, 119.823. cl350 Smaller Vernon Collec- L254 When the Life of man ends then is time tion 37.137-8. cI353 Winner 430. 1372 Song to commend him of the Blessed Virgin in Brown Lyrics X7V 79.32. cl420 Wyntoun m 37.417-8: And qwhen the

L272

339

lif of man tays ende Than is tyme hym to commende. See E85. L255 He is Lifeless that is faultless 1546 Heywood D 45.147: He is liveles, that is fautles, olde folkes thought. Apperson 364; Oarford 366; Tilley L270. See M235. L256 As high as the Lift (sky) al513 PDunbar Manere of the Crying 171.50: Hir heid wan heiar than the lift. Whiting Drama 319:207. L257 As light as the Lift cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 95.19-20: And hie is liht alswo the left. Cf. Tilley A90.

Like here lyht. al440 Burgh Cato 321.737: For than thou stondist foule in thyne owne liht. al475 Mumming of the Seven Philosophers in Bobbins 111.31-3: Ffor than ye stand foule in your owne lyght. And whoso doth, hymsylf shall foule a-dere With shame. cl499 Skelton Bowge I 42.305: It is lyke he wyll stonde in our lyghte, 1523 Garlande 392.755: How daungerous it were to Stande in his lyght. 1532 More Confutación 355 E[l-2]: To Stande not a lyttle in his owne lyght, 520 (by error 502) A[2-3]: There wyll Stande styll in his lyghte the wordes of the apostle, 1533 Apologye l[l-3]: Stand . . . in myne owne lyghte, 1534 Passion 1272 D[14-5]: That standeth in her own light. 1546 Heywood D 67.55: Ye stand in your owne light. Apperson 599-600; Oxford 618; Taylor and Whiting 220-1; Tilley L276; Whiting Scots 1 200.

L258 As bright as any Light cl300 South English Legendary I 20.26: Brightore than eny light that evere an eorthe schon. al400 О Gloriosa in Brown Lyrics XIV 54.10: L265 To vanish away as Light that is burned Brightore thow art than eny light. out L259 As clear as (any) Light al500 Alexander-Cassamus 62.262-3: For piesal387 Higden-Trevisa I 411[10]: That is knowe aunt thowghtis vanche awey as lyghte That is as clere as light. cl450 Alphabet II 261.7: Clerar brent owt. than any light. Whiting Drama 319:208. L266 As bright as Lightning L260 Light is not good for sick folks' eyes al420 Lydgate Troy I 367.7804-6: Whos eyen (varied) were spark(e)ling as bright As . . . the lightnyng cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1136-7: This light, nor I, that cometh doun fro hevene. See L211. ne serven here of nought. Light is nought good for sike folkes yenl al400 Orologium 338.23-4: L267 As burning as Lightning cl410 Lovelich Grail II 290.461-2: And Also Ffor the liht is noyes and grevous to seke eyene, brennenge . . . As lyghteneng that to-fore the and is confortable and likynge to dene and thondir doth fle. clere eyene. Apperson 588-9; Oxford 367; Tilley L274. L2e8 As quick as Lightning

cl300 South English Legendary II 473.300: Ac L261 The Light of day is more grateful because quic hi doth as lightinge thurf purgatorie gon. of the horrid darkness of the night (varied) Apperson 518; Taylor and Whiting 221. 897 Alfred Boethius 52.6-7: And {lancwyrSre biS eac ¡Das daeges leoht for {jœre egeslican L2e9 As swift as Lightning {liostro Ijsere nihte. 1420 Lydgate Temple cl410 Lovelich Grail II 290.451-2: As swift 17.400-1: And folk also rejossh(e) more of light. they weren In alle thing As to-fom the thondir That thei with derknes were waped and amate. is the lyhgtenyng. Svartengren 380; Taylor and See L383. Whiting 221; Tilley L279. See L2I4. L262 To leam (shine) like a Light L270 To be like Lightning cl350 Joseph 22.687: Heom thoughte he leomclOOO Old English Nicodemus 484.9: His ansyn ede as liht al on a lowe. waes swylce ligrassc, 492.14-5. Whiting Drama 319:209. L2e3 To shine like Light clOOO Aelfric Hom.ilies II 518[ll-2]: His and- L271 As bitter as Lign-aloes cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1135-7: Tho woful teeris wlita scean swiSor {зоппе leoht. that they leten falle As bittre weren, out of L264 To stand in one's (own) Light teris kynde. For peyne, as is ligne aloes. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3394-6: For though that Absolon be wood or wrooth. By cause that he L272 Like to like (varied) fer was from hire sight. This nye Nicholas stood cl300 South English Legendary II 694.66: Vor in his light. al393 Gower CA II 251.919-20: I ech thyng loveth hys ilyk, so seyth the bok wolde thanne do my myht So forto stonden in ywis. cl350 Alexander В 213.1041: For wel

Liking

340

lovus every lud that liehe is him tille. al400 Cleansing 14.19-20 (1.9"): Ffor resonabely a creature sekith him to whom he is lyke. al400 Scottish Legends 123.543: For lyk to lyk accordis wale, 226.133-4: And in proverbe I haf hard say That lyk to lyk drawis ay. al400 Stanzaic Life 234.6913-6: Ffor ofte tyme a mon may se And is uset communely, Thing that is like withe like wol be And to hit coveite kyndely. cl400 Consilia Isidorí 370[40-l]: For lyke to lyke ys woned to be joyned. cl440 Prose Alexander 88.2-3: For comonly a man luffes hym that es lyke till hym seifen. 1447 Bokenham 45.1639-42: Lyche to lyche evere doth applie. As scheep to scheep and man to man, Pertryche to pertryche and swan to swan So vertu to vertu is agreable. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 489.78-84: For lich of lich is serchyd and enqueerid: To merthe longith to fynden out gladnesse. And wo can weepe, thouh he be nat leryd. And dool eek drawith unto drerynesse; Honour is weddyd unto worthynesse. Unto his semblable thus every thyng can drawe. And nothyng bynde hem but natur by hir lawe. 1450 Diets 292.5-6: (For) everi thinge rejoyseth him with his liknes, the good with Sie good and the yvel vdth the ivel. cI450 Capgrave Katharine 153.1219-20: Fferthermore yet seyn oure bookis thus: "That every liehe his lyche shal desyre." cl450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 70.74-5: As for this proverbe dothe specify, "Lyke wyll to lyke in eche company." 1456 Hay Law 77.24-7: Like lufis lyke, and lyke drawis to like, and lyke joyis with the lyke. Quia similis similem sibi querit, et omne simile applaudit de suo simili. al470 Malory II 527.5-7: For evermore a good knyght woll favoure another, and lyke woll draw to lyke. al470 Tiptoft Tullius A8''[5-7]: What so ever it be in the nature of thynges, or in all the world, whiche hath a naturell movyng, desireth his lyke, and fleeth his contrarye. cl475 TheuHs 182.118: Lyk drawys to lyk ay comonly. cl477 Caxton Jason 121.2: And that it is so that every like loveth his semblable, 1484 Royal Book B6''[4-5]: Naturelly al thynges lyke and semblable love eche other. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 1Ц11-2]: Everything chesyth his lyke. al500 Att my begynning in Rawlinson MS. С 813 323.24: Similis similem sibi querit. al500 Hill 131.23: Hit is, and ever shall be: a like will drawe to like. 1504 Hawes Example Dd4''[28]: For lyke hath lyke his operacyon. 1509 Barclay Ship II 35[5]: For lyke wyll have lyke, [20-1]: For it is a proverbe, and an olde sayd sawe That in every place lyke to lyke wyll drawe, cl523 Mirrour 27[21]: For like unto

1273 like will, or ought so by prudence. al535 Fisher Wayes 377.3-4: Lyke alway doeth covet like. 1546 Heywood D 25.23: Like will to like, 1556 Spider 230[3]: Like sort to like, 1562 E 244.90.1. Apperson 367-8; Jente 365, 374, 380; Oxford 368-9; Smith 180; Taylor and Whiting 222; Tilley L286; Whiting Drama 127, 128, Scots I 200. See B129, 359, 364, E171, F574, H523, K29, L570, M93, 175, 250, 344, R91, TlOO, 115, W716, Y37.

L273 It is sweet Liking to love and to be loved again cl420 Wyntoun II 299.397-400: It is suet likyn and na payn To luf and to be luffit agane; Bot for luff yheylde fenyheynge It is to leil hart ay trowynge. See L506, 514, 543, 574, 576. L274 Short Liking shall be long bought aI475 Ludus Coventriae 28.398: Schort lykyng xal be longe bought. Apperson 567. See H601, M642. L275 Lill for lall cl405 Mum 66.1357: And pleyen with many leude (kitte). cl420 289.263: And to qwhit hym lil law). Apperson 368; NED Lill for

lille for lalle Wyntoun II for lall {var. loll.

L276 As fair as the Lily (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1035-6: That Emelye, that fairer was to sene Than is the lylie upon his stalke grene. al400 Meditations 1.16: And lyk the Шуе maud ful dene, 3.101: Hit is as the Шуе dilicyous, 46.1751: Wher is his face as lilie der. Svartengren 221:fair. See F276, 304. L277 As fresh as (the) Lily (lilies) al420 Lydgate Troy I 256.3921-2: That whilom was frescher for to sene Than the lillye on his stalke grene. III 580.585-6: Hir natif colour, as fresche to the sight As is . . . the lillye whight, 683.4075-7: That verrayly ther was no lylye flour . . . Of whitnes fressher on to sene, al449 Mydsomer Rose in MP II 784.104: Fressher than Ulies. al450 Audelay 157.61-2: Ryght as the lele is freschist in hew, Haile! beute passeth as maydyns dene. See F277, 306. L278 As sweet as Lily al400 Meditations 29.1081-2: Jhesu is swetter of savour Than . . . lilie or any other flour. 1501 Douglas Palice 10.18: A Quene, as lyllie sweit of swair. Svartengren 308. See L284. L279 As white as (the, any) Lily (in May) clOOO Aelfric Lives II 362.114-5: Cyne-helmas . . . snaw-hwite swa swa lilie. al250 On Cod

L286

341

Lily-spring

amonges wordly puple, thus seith Salomon. Cf. Ureisun in Brown Lyrics XIII 4.53: Heo beoth . . . so hwit so the lilie. al300 Jacob and Tilley F384, M1344. Joseph 5.147-8: Mani feir bour, Whit so eni L281 To be like (the) Lily lilie. cl300 Guy^ 520 A 162.6: As white as lilii. al350 Ywain 67.2510: And the mayden with al350 Isumbras 20.252 (var.): She is as white als lely lire. al400 Meditations 17.639: And his any lyle of blee. cl350 Joseph 19.563: Bothe body so lylye-lyk. al400 Rowlande 74.619: Als Armure and hors al (whit) as the Шуе. cl385 lely like was hir coloure. cl400 Cowther 136.34: Chaucer CT I[A] 2178: An egle tame, as any To the lyly was likened that lady clere. al450 lilye whyt. al400 Alexander С 220.3902. al400 York Plays 96.97: This lady is to the lilly lyke. PChaucer Rom. A 1015-6. al400 Chestre Launcl450 How mankinde dooth in Fumivall Hymns fal 61.292: Sehe was as whyt as lylye yn May. 67.298: Mi lire as lillye and roose of hewe. al400 Julian Revelations 192[24]. 1447 Bokencl450 St. CuthheH 43.1453: In whitnes lily. ham 120.4393-4. cl450 When the son 390.273: cl455 Partonope S 482.39: As lelye leef sehe White as lyly when he ys yn hys delyte. al475 hadde the lyire. al460 Towneley Plays 391.145: Landavall 109.105: in May. al475 Ludus CovYoure lyre the lylly lyke. alSOO Beauty of his entriae 90.243: This yerde as lely whyte. 1481 Mistress HI in Robbins 127.21: Your necke lyke Caxton Mirror 113[20]: the. alSOO Craft of the lyllye. Whiting Scots I 201. Lovers in Stow Chaucer СССХЬГ[29]: the. al500 Miracles of B.V. in PMLA 38(1923) L282 To shine like (the) Lily Homily Cycle Narrationes 366.21-2. al500 О my lady dere in Rawlinson cl390 Northern (Vernon) 300.41-2: Hire colour. That schyned MS. С 813 331.121: any. 1506 Hawes Pastime as lilie. al400 Destruction of Troy 99.3023: 146.3861: ony, 198.5229: ony, 1511 Comforte The shede thurghe the shyre here shone as the C2''[l]: ony. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge lilly. 122.3390: the. al533 Berners Arthur 56[15-6]: the. Apperson 680; Taylor and Whiting 223; L283 As pure as Lily-flower Tilley L296; Whiting Scote I 200. See F278, cl490 Ryman 187.3[4]: As pure as lilly floure. 308, L285. L284 As sweet as Lily-flower •cl475 Lamentation of Mary Magdalene 414[35]: L279a Lily-white cl325 Annot 137.12: With lilye-white leres. Sweeter than lilly flour. See L278. cl325 Lady, Have Ruth on Me in Brown Lyrics L285 As white as (any, a, the) Lily-flower XIII 140.31. cl350 Alexander A 128.195. cl380 cl300 Нот 2 L 15: So whit so eny lilye flour. Cleanness 37.977. cl390 Prayer in Vernon II al350 Song of Five Joys in Brown Lyrics XIV 739.130. al400 Susan 173.16. al422 Lydgate 44.12: Levedi, quite als leli floure. cl350 Life 297.711. 1447 Bokenham 13.449. al450 Octavian (NL) 147.1335. cl390 Chaucer CT Partonape 194.5160. cl458 Knyghthode and VII 867[В2057]: As whit as a lilye flour, 2863 Bataile 37.996. al475 Ludus Coventriae 145.304. [B4053]: His nayles whitter than the lylye flour. cl500 ?Bradshaw Radegunde 51[11]. cl500 al400 Athelston 69.70. al400 Le Morte Α. Greene Carols 432.1.2. 1513 Douglas Aeneid 90.2994. al400 Torrent 57.1638-9. cl400 II 16.447, 24.37. cl516 Skelton Magnificence Emaré 3.66, 7.205. cl400 Florence 31.901, 49.1555. al533 Berners Arthur 51[18], Huon 35.1024, 52.1538. cl400 Gowther 150.374 (var.). 627.12-3. 1533 More Apology e 114[7]. Taylor cl400 Triamour 66.793-4. 1439 Lydgate St. and Whiting 223; Whiting Drama 320:210, Albon 182.1188: any. al450 Gesta 392[9]. al450 Scots I 200. Si. Etheldreda 301.842: ony. cl450 Seege of

Troye 132 A 1671. cl455 Partonope S 482.67: L280 A Lily among thorns (varied) the. al475 Guy^ 136.4754. al475 Landavall c l 3 9 5 WBible Song of Solomon ii 2: As a lilie 107.61. cI475 Henryson Testament 118.373. among thornes, so is my frendesse among al500 Greene Carols 145 refrain. al500 Guy* doughtris. al439 Lydgate Fall I 111.4009-11: 13.76. alSOO Joy thu virgyn in C. Everleigh But offte tyme men may beholde and see That Woodruff A XV Century Guide-Book (London, lelies growe among these netlis thikke. And 1933) 80[13]. Whiting Ballad 28, 29. See F278, flourdelis amyd these weedie wikke. al475 Tree 308, L279. 161.20-162.1: Virginité . . . growith among wordly puple as dothe the lilie amonge thomis, L286 As white as Lily-spring (-sprig) for like as a lilie amonge thomis growith up al400 Meditations 25.939: In a cote whit so right with oute horting so doth chast virginité lilie-spryng.

Limb

342

1287

L287 If one Limb is unhealthy all the others 1340 Ayenbite 153[22-3]: Huanne me geth vorth suffer onlepiliche and a-right ase line. 1484 Caxton clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 274[8-9]: Gif an Hm Royal Book M8''[23]: Whan one goeth forth biS untrum, ealle Sa oöre JarowiaÔ mid Jíam aryght as a lyne. See L300. anum. al400 Cloud 60.22-3: For right as if a lyme of oure body felith sore, alle the tother L297 As egal (equal) as a Line lymes ben pined and disesid therfore. 1533 More 1439 Lydgate Si. Albon 120.538: Stande egall Confutación 789 E[7-10]: For as saynct Paule as a lyne. sayeth, If one membre taketh hurte, all the L298 As even as (any, a) Line members bee gre ved therewyth. See H254. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 164.4695: Evene L288 The many Limbs of the body all obey one as lyne the wynd gan dryve, В I 150[1б]. cl400 Beryn 34.1070: And drawe hym to his ffelehead clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 272[25-6]: We habbaS shipp as even as a lyne, 101.3359: But hold(ith) on anum lichaman manega lima, and hi ealle forth the streyt wey, even as doith a lyne. cl400 Sowdone 64.2237: That wente as even as eny anum heafde gehyrsumiaö. lyne. al420 Lydgate Troy I 365.7709: any. L289 The rotted Limb shends (harms) the whole cl420 Wyntoun II 75.864: a. al450 York Plays 1340 Ayenbite 148[9]: Vor the leme vorroted 328.245: a. alSOO Court of Loue 430.785. ssolde ssende the hole. cl400 Vices and Virtues Whiting Scots I 201. 146.25-6: For the roten membres schulde sehende the hole. Cf. Tilley E246. See A167. L299 As plain as (a) Line al420 Lydgate Troy 1 160.546: Of walles old, L290 To have no Limb (lith) without lack was made pleyn as lyne, cl421 Thebes 190.4638cl330 Body and Soul 56.468: Nas no Нш with9: And with the soyle made pleyn as a lyne. outen lak. al393 Gower CA II 81.1691: Sehe To wyldernesse turnyd and desert. hath no lith withoute a lak. L300 As right as (a, any) Line L291 As tough as any Lime (mortar) cl385 Chaucer TC iii 228: To Troilus tho com, al399 Forme of Сигу 77[16]: Tyl it be towh as as lyne right. cl400 Vices and Virtues 152.21-2: eny lyme. Whan a man goth forth evenliche as right as a lyne, 158.13-4: a. cl408 Lydgate Reson 11.399: L292 To lie in the Lime (bird-lime) cl450 Holland Howlat 80.969: Tharfor I ly in Hys eye up-cast ryght as lyne, 60.2248: any, the lyme, lympit, lathast. Whiting Scots I 201. 74.2774: Ryght as lyne and no thing wronge, al420 Troy I 30.636: any, 133.4075: Towardis L293 To be Lime-fingered the Grekis, as eny lyne righte, 163.653, 173.1012, cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 76.2137: Tho that 216.2491: a, 328.6435: any, 337.6729: as any have here handys as lyme. cl499 Skelton Bowge lyne right, II 419.844, 430.1242, 440.1596: any, I 49.509: Lyghte lyme fynger, he toke none other III 830.2031: any, 856.2912-3: any, cl421 wage. 1546 Heywood D 38.98: And wyll be Thebes 90.2167: eny, al422 Life 594.101-2: any, lyme fyngerd I feare. Apperson 212; Oxford al430 Pilgrimage 45.1705: any, 86.3237: any, 202; Tilley F236. 321.11771, 1430 St. Margarete in MP I 181.228: eny, al439 Fall I 276.2685: any, III 804.1053: L294 As gentle as the Lind any, 858.1251: a, 1439 St. Albon 131.238: any, al500 Croxton Sacrament in Waterhouse 160.1930: any, cl445 Kalendare in MP 1373.271: 67.309: Now, Jason, as jentyll as ever was the a, al449 Fifteen Ooes in MP I 241.99, Testament lynde. in MP 1 346.451. 1501 Douglas Police 32.26. 1546 Heywood D 44.97: Thou folowest their L295 As light as (the) Lind cl350 Joseph 19.585: Ther nas no lynde so liht steppes as right as a lyne. Apperson 531; Whitas thise two leodes. al450 Pety Job in Kail ing Drama 320:213, Scots I 201. See L296. 133.395: Than were I glad, and lyght as lynde. al460 Towneley Plays 97.368. cl499 Skelton L300a Line-right Bowge I 39.231. al513 PDunbar Manere of the al420 Lydgate Troy I 111.3365: And lyne right Crying 171.16: the. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III a-geyn the wormes hed, 349.7150-1: Cesar 234.57. Whiting Drama 320:212, Scots I 201. discendid was Doun lyne right, 384.8370, 387.8507, II 417.762-3, 422.937-8, III 575.396, See L139. 635.2434, 639.2566-7, 686.4174, cl421 Thebes 33.750, aI422 Life 601.209, al430 Pilgrimage L296 As aright as (a) Line

343

L311

320.11751, 321.11758, 581.21779, Edmund 423.569. NED Line-right.

cl433

St.

Lion

114.17-8: He was . . . more courageous than a lyon. Taylor and Whiting 224.

L308 As cruel as (a) Lion(s) L301 As straight as (a, any) Line cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1461-2: But to his neces al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 44[22]: That was hous, as streyght as lyne. He com, I39I Astr. S. Edmunde, cruelle als a león. cl386 Chaucer ii 26.21-2: And the almycanteras in her Astrel- LGW 627: With stoute Romeyns, crewel as abyes ben straight as a lyne. cl412 Hoccleve lyoun. al420 Lydgate Troy III 603.1365: And as Regement 113.3134: Thidir wil I goo, streght cruel as a wood lyoun, 763.6787-8: More cruel as any lyne. al420 Lydgate Troy I 337.6739: any. . . . than . . . lyoun. cl425 Speculum Sacerdotale cl422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 204.692: To 13.2: He beynge of a wronge cruel kynde, as a purgatorie y shal as straight as lyne. al425 lyon. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 41.1530: Cruel Templum Domini 101.384: a. al437 Kingis as be lyouns. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 10[6]. al500 Quair 88.151 [4]: ony. al440 Burgh Cato Kennedy 46.456: О man, mair cruell, than ever 311.335: any. cl450 Idley 169.664: a. cl450 wes wild lioun. 1523 Berners Froissart I 379[33]: When the son 393.365: a. al475 Hower and the a. Whiting Scots I 201. Leaf in Skeat Chaucerian 362.29: a. al500 L309 As eager(ly) (fierce[ly]) as (a, any) Lion(s) Court of Love 412.137. al500 Partenay 173.5026. al300 Richard 431.6856: Ffaughte, egre as cl503 More Early Poems [2] E[3-4]: a. Apperson lyouns. al350 Isumbras 35.452 (car.)·. He was 604-5; Oxford 624; Taylor and Whiting 223; egur OS a lyon full ryght. cl350 Libeaus 17.262-4, Tilley L303; Whiting Scots I 201. 31.530-1, 38.670-1: a. al375 Octavian (S) 34.1079-80. cl380 Ferumbras 22.554: He beL302 As upright as a (any) Line holdeth oppon Olyver egrelich as lyoun. al400 al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 385.67: Firumbras 4.39: eny, 26.758: any, 764: any. The cedres high, upryght as a lyne, cl408 cl400 Roland 133.935: A. aI425 Seege of Troye Reson 72-3.2730-1: And evene upryght As any 90 L 1137: any. al470 Malory I 111.22: lyons. lyne, al420 Troy Π 557.5638. al500 Guy'^ 99.3092: any. L303 To draw the (in one) Line L310 As fell as (the, a) Lion(s) 1455 Paston III 32[22-3]: And sworn that he al300 Alisaunder 113.1989-90: Alisaundre . . . shal be rewled, and draw the lyne with theym. fel so lyoun. a 1338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 1546 Heywood D 82.87: We drew both in one 533.15375-7: The Englische . . . fel als the lyoun. line. Monk ne clerk wolde they non spare. cl350 L304 To pluck the Lining from a bowl, etc, al449 Lydgate Jak Hare in MP II 445-8: 8: Wich of a belle can plukke out the lynyng, 16: tancard, 24: pecher, 32, 40: pot, 48: cuppe, 56, 64, 72: pott, 80: cuppe.

Libeaus 94.1698: With fell herte as lioun. cl375 St. Cecilia in Horstmann Legenden 1881 161.135-6: a. al400 Meditations 15.525-6: But feller than the lioun wod Thou were. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 408[128]; a. cl410 Lovelich Merlin HI 628.23636: Ryht as a lyown he wax . . . felle. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 10[6]. cl500 Melusine 200.34-5: lyons. Whiting Scots I 201.

L305 As bold(ly) as (any, a) Lion al325 Otuel and Roland 138.2524: And bolder thanne any lyon. al398(1495) BartholomaeusTrevisa X6''[2.31]: The lyon bold and hardi. L311 As fierce as (a, any) Lion(s) al420 Lydgate Troy I 76.2168: Bolde and hardy, cl300 Body and Soul 25 L 20: As a lyun fers. liehe a fers lyoun. cl489 Caxton Aymon I cl375 St. Cecilia in Horstmann Legenden 1881 239.27-8: All boldly as a lyon. Apperson 59; 161.136: That als a lion was fers. cl380 FerumSvartengren 113; Taylor and Whiting 223-4; bras 69.2073: A knyght as fers as any lyoun, 85.2633-4: any, 106.3366: any. cl385 Chaucer Whiting Scote I 201. CT I[A] 1598: As fiers as leon pulled out his swerd. al400 Meditations 25.929: a. al400 L306 As breme (fierce) as Lion Rowlande 69.470: any. cl400 Sowdone 26.879: 1464 Hardyng 86[1]: As . . . bryme as lyon a. cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 628.23636: Ryht Marmerike. Whiting Scots I 201. as a lyown he wax fears, 631.23734: ony. al420 Lydgate Troy I 195.1752: Beying as fars as a L307 As courageous(ly) as (a) Lion(s) al400 Firumbras 21.605: Corajous as a lyoun. wood lyoun, II 430.1252-3. al422 God that all 1485 Caxton Charles 120.17: (They) goon this world 222[31]. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage corageously as lyons. cI505 Watson Valentine 41.1530: lyouns, cI433 Si. Edmund 410.772:

lion

344

L312

liouns. cl450 Jacob's Well 268.23-4: a. cl460 al300 Alisaunder 75.1315: Kyng Alisaunder, Ipomadon С 347.11: a. al470 Malory I 32.31: a. so lyoun kene. Whiting Scots I 202. cl470 Wallace 21.113: a. 1480 Caxton Ovyde L316 As light as (a) Lion 98[7]: a, 1481 Mirror 84[6]: lyons. cl485 Slaughal375 William 125.3862: Light as a lyoun he ter {LHgby) 10.231-2: Ffor thei be as fers as a leide on al a-boute. a 1400 Siege of Jerusalem lyon in a cage Whan thei are broken ought to 43.762: Light as a lyoun, wer loused out of reve men of ther lives. cI489 Caxton Aymon II cheyne. cl400 Roland 135.986: Was never Hone 343.1: a. al500 Disciplina Clericalis 51-2: a. mor light of hert. Whiting Scots I 202. alSOO Guy* 75.2249-50: any. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 76.13: Fers as a wild lyoun. 1523 L317 As proud as (a) Lion(s) cl300 Body and Soul 25 L 20: As a lyun . . . Berners Froissart III 86[1]: a, 1525 IV 188[21-2]: a, 1533 Arthur 512[13]: He was as fyerse of harte proud. al415 Lanterne 111.11: Fronde as lyouns. as a raged lyon. Taylor and Whiting 224; Tilley cl450 Alphabet II 270.16-7: a. cl460 Ipomadon С 347.11: a. 1464 Hardyng 86[1]. cl489 Caxton L308; Whiting Scots I 201. Aymon II 392.7-8: They ranne the one upon thother as proudly as it had ben two lions. L312 As fresh as any Lion(s) 1502 Robert the Devil C4^'[26]: a. al475 Guy^ 232.8077-8: The barons, That frescher were, then any lyons. al500 Eger H 245.1035: And was as fresh as any lyon. Whit- L318 As rampant as (a) Lion(s) al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 242[4]: That ing Scots I 201-2. the Walsh men slouh raumpand as leouns. cl390 Mary and the Cross 623.418: The devel L313 As furious as Lion(s) al420 Lydgate Troy II 546.5246: More furious stod lyk a lyon raumpaunt. al393 Cower CA III 303.2573: And goth rampende as a leoun. than . . . lyoun. 1485 Caxton Charles 141.14-5: cl400 Laud Troy II 418.14197: As lyoun rampyng The frensshe men, furyous . . . as lyons. Whitforth he went. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 91.2197: ing Scots I 202. a. al425 St. Anthony 119.4-5: a. 1456 Hay Law 169.18: a. al470 Malory 1224.18-9: And raumped L314 As hardy as (any, the, a) Lion(s) downe lyke a lyon many senatours noble. cl475 al200 Ancrene 141.9: Beoth eaver ayein him Henryson Orpheus 133.121: a. Whiting Scots I hardi ase liun. 1340 Ayenbite 84[22]: Maketh man hardi ase lyoun, 164[15]. cI380 Ferutnbras 202-3. 75.2280: And of the chambre out thay paste, as hardy as any lyouns. cl385 Chaucer TC ν L319 As real (regal) as a Lion (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) 830: Yong, fressh, strong, and hardy as lyoun. cl386 Chaucer LGW 1605: And of his lok as cl395 WBible II Kings xxiii 20 (translator's real as a leoun, cl390 CT VII 1915-6[В3105-6]: addition): Twei knghtis hardi as liouns. cl400 But if that I Be lik a wilde leoun, fool-hardy. Vices and Virtues 83.5-6: the, 164.18: a. al420 cl410 Lovelich Grail 1 126.259-60: For so wilde Lydgate Troy I 283.4865: a. III 717.5239: Rasyng was nevere lyown As they thanne Isswed lyouns, 796.818, cl421 Thebes 79.1888, al422 Owt of that town. al450 Partonape 82.2655-7: Life 579.306. 1422 Yonge Govemaunce 211.39: a. al425 Governance of Lordschipes 104.7: a. Agysor . . . Thatt as a . . . lyon . . . ys ravennous. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 157.22: Hard as lyons, al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 211.7560: lyouns, II 637.18: And ran out all araged as a lyon. al439 Fall II 594.325, 598.459, III 676.58, 843.714, 878.1964, 900.2761: leouns, 1439 Si. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 91.944: I am lofty as the lyon. cl489 Caxton Aymon I Alban 142.892: a, cl440 Debate in MP II 562.548: a. Fabules in MP II 569.93: a. Pageant 230.21-2: Sore an-angred as lyons. cl490 Ryman of Knowledge in MP II 734.274: a, They that 256.7: As myghty . . . as lyons. no while endure in MP II 819.25: a, 820.1: a. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 73.2297. L320 As sicker (firm) as (the) Lion cl450 Secrete of Secretes 35.16: a. 1456 Hay 1340 Ayenbite 166[26-7]: He maketh him ziker Govemaunce 157.15, Law 60.12-3, 169.18: a. ase lyoun. cl400 Vices and Virtues 167.1: He 1484 Caxton Royal Book НГ[2-3]: a, N7^[23]: maketh (hym) as siker as the lyon. a. 1506 Kalender 148.1: the. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 188[21-2]: a. Apperson 59; Oxford L321 As stark (strong) as a (the) Lion cl420 Wyntoun II 285.215: Qwhat than the 54; Whiting Scote I 202. Uon is starkar? 1456 Hay Law 169.18: Stark . . . as a lyoun. L315 As keen (fierce) as Lion

L333

345

Lion

L322 As stem as any (a) Lion L328 As wroth as any (a) Lion cl300 Gui/i 180 A 3124: Sterner than ani lyoun. al350 Seege of Troye 117.1476: He woxe wroth cl300 Reinbrun 660.88.10-1: Thei he wer te as eny lyoun. a1400 Destruction of Troy batalle boun Ase steme als eni lyoun, 672. 61.1861: And wrothe at his wordes as a wode 124.1-2. cl300 Speculum Gy 13.262: a. 1432 lion. al420 Lydgate Troy 1 192.1652: a. III Lydgate Henry VI's Triumphal Entry in MP II 639.2547-8. cl450 Merlin I 159[23-4]: a. cl489 633.75: a, al439 Fall II 359.1096-7: Lik a leoun, Caxton Aymon II 343.1: a. fui steme off look and face, With his lefft hand my throte he dede enbrace. al475 Seege of L329 Be not a Lion in your house Troye 203 H 1610cd: Also steme he is in fyght cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1989: Withmne thyn As a lyon out rages on heyght. al500 Beves 47 hous ne be thou no leon. cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus iv 35: Nyle thou be as a lioun in thin M 772: any. hous, tumynge upsedoun thi meneáis. cl450 Foly of Fulys 57.196: To ramp as lyone in thar L323 As stout (proud, fierce) as a Lion cl475 Gui/i 535 С 9586-7: Duke berrard As houss. cl450 Idley 102.1296: Be not in thy hous as a lyon wylde. See L38. stowte as a lyon. Apperson 59. L324 As strong as (a) Lion(s) L330 A Lion in the way cI395 WBible Judges xiv 18: What is strengere cl395 WBible Proverbs xxii 13: A slow man than a lioun? II Kings i 23: Thei weren . . . schal seie, A lioun is without-forth; Y schal be strongere than liouns. cl490 Ryman 256.7[5]: slayn in the myddis of the stretis, xxvi 13: A As . . . stronge as lyons. Taylor and Whiting slow man seith, A lioun is in the weie, a 224. liounnesse is in the foot pathis. a1500 Leconfield Proverbs 484[29-30]: The ydyll saithe oute L325 As vengeable as (any) Lion(s) of his house he dar not go Ffor the lyon is in 1439 Lydgate Si. Albon 166.276-7: Vengeable the way, Salamon writithe so. Oxford 370; as lyons Of innocentes to shede the christen blode. 1502 Robert the Devil E5''[8]: More Taylor and Whiting 224; Tilley L312; Whiting Scots I 201. See W476. vengeable than ony lyon. L326 As wild as (the, a) Lion al325 Maximum in Böddeker 253.263: Wildore then the leo. al400 Destruction of Troy 122.3746: Wode in his wrathe, wild as a lion, 171.5257: a. al439 Lydgate Fall III 711.1369. cl450 Jacob's Well 268.24: a.

L331 (A) Lion(s) of Cotswold cl437 Brut II 582.25: Come rennyng on hym fersli, as lyons of Cotteswold. al500 Medwall Nature G3''[8-9]: Ye are wont to be as bold As yt were a lyon of cottyswold. 1546 Heywood D 53.406: For she is as fierce, as a Lyon of Cotsolde. Apperson 115; Oxford 111; Tilley L323; Whiting Drama 339:473.

L327 As wood (mad) as (any, a) Lion(s) al325 Otuel and Roland 75.532: And wode as L332 The Lion's mouth eny lyoun. a1338 Mannyng Chronicle A II cl395 WBible Psalms xxi 22: Make thou me 478.13795-8: Was nevere . . . lyoun . . . saaf fro the mouth of a lion, II Timothy iv That was so wod, beste to byte. As Wawayn was. al350 Seege of Troye 91.1137: And he 17: Y am delyveride fro the mouth of the lioun. wexe wood as Lyoun, 116.1476. al393 Gower al400 Pauline Epistles II Timothy iv 17: I am CA III 101.5684: And he than as a Lyon wod. delyveryd of the mouth of the lyoun. Oxford al400 Alexander С 188.3167: a. al400 Destruc- 273, 370. tion of Troy 123.3810: a, 191.5877: Une wode L333 Of a Lion to make a lamb (varied) of his wit as a wild lyon, 207.6405: Wode for cl380 Chaucer CT V11I[G] 197-9: For thilke the wap, as a wild lyon. cl400 Brut I 224.26-7: spouse that she took but now Ful lyk a fiers a. al420 Lydgate Troy I 192.1652: Lik a lyon, leoun, she sendeth heere. As meke as evere was so wood . . . was he, II 433.1351, III 601.1271, any lomb, to yow! al400 Scottish Legends II 666.3494, 686.4158-9, 765.6852, 844.2522: any, 371.101-3: For hyme, that scho als fellone Til cl421 Thebes 160.3904, al439 Fall II 542.2525, spouse (tuk) as a woud lyone, Mek as a lame al449 Fifteen Ooes in MP I 242.130: lyowns. scho has the send. al425 St. Robert 56.476: Of cl450 Alphabet I 118.3: a. al470 Malory I a lyon makys a lambe. 1447 Bokenham 206. 30.29: a, II 527.18-9: Than sir Launcelot rode 7586-8: For, lo, hyr husbond whom she dede here and there as wode as a lyon that faughted take. As fers fyrst as a voyde lyoun. As a lamb hys fylle. 1485 Caxton Charles 141.14-5: lyons. she hath maad to the buxum. 1483 Caxton Whiting Scots I 202. Golden Legende 364''[1.35-7]: The spouse whom

Lion

346

she hath taken whiche was lyke a wood lyon: She hath sente hym hyther lyke as a meke lambe, 1489 Doctrinal C3''[31-2]: He whyche was to fore flers as a lyon was softe and debonayre as a lombe. See W461. L334 To assail like a Lion al420 Lydgate Troy I 139.4281-5: Hercules . . . Liehe a lyoun, wood and dispitous . . . Gan of ne we hem of Troye assaile. cl450 Travet 96.16-7 (f. 19b col. 2): Assayled . . . as a lyon. al475 Guy^ 238.8295-6: And assayled Gyowne, As he were a lyone. L335 To be like (a) Lion(s) (varied) clOOO Aelfric Lives II 84.282: He wearS 1за leon gelic on his gewinnum and daedum. al300 Richard 198.2193-4: Than answered Kynge Rycharde, In dede lyon, in thought lybarde. cl300 Havelok 51.1866-7: But dursten he newhen him no more Thanne he . . . leun wore. cI385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1773-5: Fy Upon a lord that wol have no mercy, But been a leon, bothe in word and dede, 2630-3: Ne in Belmarye ther nys so fel leon, That hunted is, or for his hunger wood. Ne of his praye desireth so the blood. As Palamon to sleen his foo Arcite. al393 Cower CA II 200.2590-2: Lieh to the Leoim in his rage. Fro whom that alle bestes fle. Such was the knyht in his degre, 212.3034-5: ТЫ regne also with pride on hih Was lich the Leon in his rage. III 335.3536-8: For thanne he mote, as it befalleth. Of his knyhthode as a Leon Be to the poeple a champioun, 380.5240: Riht as a Leon in his rage, a1400 Morte Arthure 115.3922: Londis als a lyon with lordliche knyghtes. al420 Lydgate Troy I 282.4832: And to his enmyes lyk a fers lyoun, II 466.2516: As wode lyouns, with mortal chere and face, 496.3544: For liehe a lyoun al that day he wrought, 525.4548-9: And, lik a lyoun in his cruelte, He made hem tourne, III 603.1354: Liehe a lyoun whetted with woodnes, 644.2722: Lik a lyoun toke of hem noon hede, cl421 Thebes 57.1356: In her fury lik . . . lyouns, 1422 Serpent 58.4: Liehe a lion not dismaied nor aferde. al425 Chester Plays I 96.251-2: And as a lion in his weale, Christ shalbe haunsed hye. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 378. 13985-6: And off hyr look . . . She was lyk to a fiers lyoun, 383.14160: Off contenaunce lyk a lyoun, al449 Cuy in MP II 517.18-9: To Denmark pryncis . . . Lyk woode lyouns, void of all pite. al470 Malory II 734.21-2: Kynge Arthure lykened sir Trystram . . . unto a wood lyon. cl470 Wallace 39.173: His corage grew in ire as a lyoune. 1485 Caxton Charles 26.31-2:

1334 He had the eyen like a lyon. al500 Dégrevant 69 С 1057: He ys a lyoun in feld. al500 Eger H 275.1512: As wood lyons they wrought that time. al500 Guy^ 51.1395-6: Guy answered him on hye As egre lyon with hart hardy. cl500 Lancelot 94.3171-2: Thar he begynyth in his ferss curag Of armys, as о lyoune in his rag. cl500 Melusine 113.10-1: Have an herte as a fyers Lyon ayenst your enemyes. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 217(chapter verse): Lyke a wod lyoun past within the town. 1ЙЗ Berners Froissart I 172[ll-2]: He and his wyfe, who had both the hertes of a lyon, 185[8-9]: His wyfe, who had . . . the hert of a lyon, 220[10]: She had the harte of a lyon, al533 Arthur 504[ll-2]: They layde on with theyr swordes like two wyld lions. Whiting Drama 320:214, Scots I 201.

L33e To bear oneself (heart) like a Lion al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 237.6753: Til us ye bere yow as lyouns. cl350 Libeaus 100. 1792-3: Ther nis eri ne baroun. That bereth herte as lioun. cl400 Alexander Buik I 22.670: His hede he bair as ane lyoun. al420 Lydgate Troy I 352.7276: And as a lioun b e m hym in his fight. 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 83[12-3]: Bare hym so vigorously as a lyon in bataile. L337 To bray like a Lion cl477 Caxton Jason 52.6-7: And there (he) brayed as a lyon. Whiting Scots I 202. L338 To break out (loose) like a Lion al420 Lydgate Troy III 780.258: And onte he brak like a wode lyoun. cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 88.32-4: Blanchardyn, lyke as . . . a lyon that is broken loos from his boundes Heved upward his swerde. L339 To come like a Lion cl400 Laud Troy I 147.4973: Ector come as a lyoun. al420 Lydgate Troy III 629.2333: Cam myghty Troylus lyk a wod lyoun. al470 Malory II 622.19. 1485 Caxton Charles 75.17: Olyver came as a lyon hungry ayenst fyerabras. al500 Eger Ρ 274.989-90: But Gray Steele came on Sir Grime Like a lyon in his woodest time. L340 To defend oneself like a Lion al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 424.12111-2: The bere assailled the dragoun, And he defended hym as a lyoun. cl400 Alexander Buik III 249.5053. al475 Guy^ 54.1890, 97.3379, 140.4895. al475 Seege of Troye 189 Η 1127. L341 To devour like a Lion al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 516.19327-31: I go and serche, day and nyght. With alle my fforce, with al my myght, Lyche a ravenous lyoun,

L348

347

Ffor to devoure, up and doun, Alle ffolkys. cl477 Caxton Jason 20.11-2: We shal put hem to deth al so lightly as the lyon devoureth the lambe with his teth and clawes. L342 To enter (in) like (a) Lion(s) c l 4 2 0 Lydgate Troy I 134.4118: Whiche entred (in) liehe a wood lyoun. cl440 Prose Alexander 42.22-3: The macedoynes . . . as wode lyouns ere enterde oure landez. 1485 Caxton Charles 234.6: As a lyon entred in to the bataylle. L343 To fall on someone like Lions al420 Lydgate Troy II 453.2054-5: Everyche on other lik . . . lyons Be-gan to falle, 1439 St. Albon 181.1131-3: The paynyras lyke . . . lyons, . . . Fyllen upon the martyr.

Lion

441.7062 (var.). cl300 Guy^ 208.3599-600. aI325 Otuel and Roland 115.1810-1: So fast tho he gan to fyght. As hyt were a wylde lyoun. aI338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 183[15]: a Wilde. cl350 Libeaus 113.2029-30: a. al375 Octavian (S) 36.1133-4. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1656: In his fightyng were a wood leon. al400 Guy® xxxvii[19]. cl400 Alexander Buik II 234.4558: ane. cl400 Laud Troy I 159.5368. aI425 Arthour and M.^ 359.1947-8. al439 Lydgate Fall II 535.2270. al450 Partonope 361. 8845-6. 1464 Hardyng 393[27-8]: The regent was there that daye, a lion. And faught in armes. al470 Malory I 33.34: a. 1475 Boke of Noblesse 46[24-5]: a. c l 4 7 5 Golagros 33.961: As lyoune, for fait of fude, faught on the fold. c l 4 8 9 Caxton Aymon I 113.33-5: Reynawde fought soo sore, that never lyon . . . foughte soo strongly agenste ony other best. al500 Eger H 281.1584. al500 Eye and Heart 259.676. aI500 Guy^ 70.2075: Guy fought agayne as egre lion. al500 Triamour (P) II 108.823: a feirce. c l 5 0 0 Arthour and M.3 I 479.1836-7. Taylor and Whiting 224; Whiting Scots I 202.

L344 To fare like (a) Lion(s) alSOO Richard 274.3610: As a wood lyoun he ffarde, 340.5108: The Crystene ferden as lyouns. cl300 Guy^ 484 A 132.4, 485 С 8545-6. al350 Seege of Troye 111.1403-4: As a wood lyoun ferde he That hadde fasted dayes three. cl375 St. Catherine 171.594. c l 3 7 5 St. James in Horstmann Legenden 1881 98.104. c l 3 8 0 Ferumbras 26.627: As twey lyons thay furde L346 To find something dear (difficult) as the Lion does the bear right. That wolde sien his preye, 76.2293-4: aI300 Arthour and M.' 211.7517-8: The cristen For Al so furde this xii barons by that foule fond the hethen dere. So the lioun doth the hepe, Also wolde so many lyouns among so many bere. schepe. al400 Destruction of Troy 41.1209, 323.9888-9: Dyomede . . . Ffore with his fos L347 To go like (the, a) Lion(s) as a fuerse lyon. al400 Pricke 61.2224-5. al400 c l 2 0 0 Sawles Warde 18.163-4: The unwhiht Rowlande 60.173: a. cl410 Lovelich Merlin III with his ferd ase liun iburst geath abuten ure 618.23250: For as a lyown he ferde in trawnce. hus. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 447.6142: al420 Lydgate Troy II 543.5138-40: That like As leon hardi ynou he wende aboute wide. . . . a lyoun wood. That wer deprived newly of c l 3 2 5 Charter of Christ A in Mary C. Spalding his praye. Right so firde he, 1422 Serpent Middle English Charters of Christ (Bryn Mawr, 51.17-8. al425 Seege of Troye 136 L 1738-9. Pa., 1914) 24.65-6: He fand me gangand in the 1449 Metham 61.1660-1: That as a lyoun wode way Als the lyon gase to his pray. cl395 WBible for ire, ryht so he faryd Nygh owte off hys I Peter V 8: The devel, as a rorynge lioun mend. al450 Partonope 398.9615, 409.9850, goith aboute, sechinge whom he schal devoure. 432.10577-8: As a lyon that wode was he ferde. al450 Partonope 446.11120-1: Now as . . . lyons That hongry was and lakked his pray, 443.11009. two Partonope and the Soudan gan go. clSOO cl460 Ipomadon С 342.47-8: And, as the boke Lancelot 32.1095: Lyk to о lyone in to the feld sais, right as a feers lion among othre bestes, he gais. so fore he with all. al470 Malory II 738.11: a, 760.16-7: He fared as hit had bene an hungry L348 To grim (be angry) like a greedy Lion lyon. c l 5 0 0 Lancelot 98.3331: o. Whiting Scote (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought I 202. together here) clOOO Aelfric Lives I 242.62: |эа grimetede se L345 To fight like (a, the) Lion(s) waelhreowa swa swa graedig leo, II 166.138-9: al300 Alisaunder 205.3661-2: The barouns We yrsiaö Swa swa leo. aI200 Lawman I Foughtten so don the lyouns, 309.5876: For als 174.4084-5: He liththe (goes) geon theos leoden, a wode lyoun he faughth. al300 Arthour and Sulch hit an liun were. al300 Arthour and M.^ M.^ 54.1855-6: And ther faught sir Uterpendra- 223.7971-2: And dasched hem amid the près, gon. As he were a wode lyoun. al300 Richard So lyoim doth on dere in gres, 268.9781-2:

Lion

348

Thus her and tar he leyd adoun, So it were a wode lyoun. al300 Tristrem II 40.1444-5: As a lothely lioun, that bataile, [he] wald abide. cl300 Guyi 80 A 1429-30: Als a lyoun he heyed him fast, That his prey wold have on hast, 228 A 3959-60: Bifor the soudan com Gyoun, And him biheld als a lyoun, 232 A 4053-4: Gyoun That him wered als a lyoun, 296 A 5340: Therwith he him werd as a lyoun. aI350 Castelford 136.23385-8: Thai fledde him al so men wer won To fle fra ane cruelle lion. Quam grete hunger makes to sek Qwat beste so comes to him to clek. cl390 Visions of seynt poul in Vernon I 253.63-4: Of hem tok I (?thei) no more kep But as a Lyun doth of a schep. al400 Destruction of Troy 189.5810: Launsit, as a lyoun, 358.10985: And as a lion on the laund launchit aboute. al400 Discrescyon of Spirítes 82.17-8: He thenkith himself for to rise . . . as a lyon rennyng felly, for to asaile the seeknes of oure sely soules. al400 Pricke 79.2907-8: Grysly devels agayn it raumpande, Als wode lyons to wayt thair pray, с 1400 Alexander Buik II 221.4140: For he berit as ane lyoun in rage. al420 Lydgate Troy II 416.749-50: But lik a lyoun in his hungri rage Issed oute, 418.796: Discendid is lik a wode lyoun, 438.1539-40: Lyk a lyoun, with a steme face, Evere in oon so gan hem to enchase, 542.5102-3: So indurat, and hertid as lyoun He was alweie, III 604.1394: For lyke lyouns thei gan hem enchase, 808.1252: Liehe a lioun his fomen gan oppresse. cl422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 202.645-6: In hidles, in awayt as a Leoun He hath leyn. 1449 Metham 34.904: Had noght Amoryus hym qwyt as a fers lyon. al450 St. Katherine {Gibbs) 53[8-9]: The tyraunt as a ranpynge lyon grynted wyth hys teeth. cl450 Mer in II 196[18-9]: But disparbled a-brode fro hym as from a wode lyon in rage, 663[l-2]; He spronge in a-monge the Romaynes as a wood lyon a-monge wilde bestes. aI470 Malory II 812.10-1: And anone they laysshed togydyrs as egirly as hit had bene two lyons, 906.33-5: And one of thos three shold passe hys fadir as much as the lyon passith the lybarde, both of strength and of hardines. cl489 Caxton Aymon II 413.1-2: All swellynge wyth angre as a fiersfull lion. al500 PaHenay 53.1369: Men hym doubted As thai wold A lion. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 263.8: Than, as wod lyon, ruschit he in the fight.

L349 liun weore, 127.13201-2: And an voten leop, Swulc hit an liun weore, 216.15298-9: He to than cheorle leop, Swulc hit a liun weoren, 267.16493-4, 276.16709-10, 380.19168-9, 469. 21269-70, 481 В 21561-2, 622.24847-8, III 70.26894-5. al375 William 47.1231: Latherly as a lyoun he lepes in-to the prese. al450 Castle 105.938: I lepe as a lyon. al500 Alexius (Cotton) 68.353-4: She com Forthe with A raply rese. As A lyon lept oute of A lees. al500 Beves 204 M 4070: Up he lepud as a lyon. Whiting Scots I 202.

L350 To let (behave) like a Lion aI400 Alexander С 20.612: And as a lyon he lete quen he loude romys. al400 Morte Arthure 113.3831: Letande alls a lyon, he lawnches them thorowe. L351 To look like a Lion cl330 Tars 35 A 105: And loked as a lyoun. cl350 Gamelyn 648.125: He loked as a wilde lyoun. cl378 Piers В xiii 302: And as a lyon on to loke and lordeliche of speche, xv 198: And as a lyoun he loketh. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2171: And as a leon he his lookyng caste, cl390 VII 3179[B4369]: He looketh as it were a grym leoun. cl390 Tars 35 V 105: He lokede as a wylde lyon. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 429: For thogh he looked as a wood leon. al400 Morte Arthure 4.119, 5.139: By lukynge, withowttyn lesse, a lyon the semys. Whiting Ballad 29. L352 To meet like (a) Lion(s) cl300 Gtti/i 289 A 5094: And he mett with hem als a lyoun. al439 Lydgate Fall 1103.3732-3: And how the brethre mette a-mong the près, Lieh too . . . leouns. L353 To play the Lion cl385 Chaucer TC i 1074: And in the feld he pleyde the leoun. al420 Lydgate Troy II 423.976: For thilke day (the) lyoun pleyed he, 450.1950, 548.5325-7, cl421 Thebes 172.4200, cl433 St. Edmund 403.381, 1439 St. Albon 120.518, 555, cl440 Debate in MP II 541.52, 548.222. Whiting Scots I 202. L354 To prick (go rapidly) as a Lion cl410 Lovelich Grail III 195.142: Amonges hem he prekede As A fers lyown. Merlin II 294.11025: But into that près prekede as a wood lyown.

L355 To rage like a Lion 1509 Barclay Ship II 209[11]: Lyke to a Lyon in L349 To leap like (a) Lion(s) al200 Lawman I 62.1462-3: And towardes dedes he shall rage. Whiting Scots I 202. Numbert he leop, Swilc hit an leon weora, II L356 To range like (a) Lion(s) 58.11570-1: Tha lep mi fader up, Swulc hit an al420 Lydgate Troy 1 140.4312-3: And lyche a

L373

349

Lip

lyoun rengyng on the playn Bar downe and L362 To start up like (a) Lion slowe, 381.8263-5: Lik a ferse lyoun Among(es) al300 Arthour and M.i 253.9082-4: Adragein Troyens ranging up and doun Ulixes went, anon up stirt . . . So it were a wode lyoun. al439 Fall II 499.946-7: Tirauntis . . . regnyng cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 794: And he up stirte as dooth a wood leoun, 2152. al400 Firumbras lik wood leouns. 51.1613: Fful sone charlys stert up as a lyoun. L357 To ride like any (a) Lion alSOO Guy" 91.2790: Up he start as eger lyon, al420 Lydgate Troy III 577.467-8: As eny lyoun 197.6516: an, 219.7303: an. strenge, With his swerd gan riden hem amonge. al500 Eger Ρ 244.663-4: He rydeth feircely out L363 To sue (pursue) like a Lion of the towne As he were a wild Lyon. al420 Lydgate Troy I 384.8386-7: He gan aftir sewe In his chaas, as a wood lyoun. alSOO Guy'^ L358 To roar like (a) Lion(s) 144.4673: Heraude him sued as an eger lyon. cI395 WBible Jeremiah li 38: Thei schulen L364 Who painted the Lion? rore togedire as liouns, Ezekiel xxii 25: As a 01395 Chaucer CT II1[D] 692: Who peyntede lioun roringe and takinge prei, thei devouriden men, Hosea xi 10: He schal rore as a lioun. the leon, tel me who? 1484 Caxton Aesop 121[1-15]. clSOO Fabyan 262[47]: Quis pinxit cI400 Laud Troy II 419.14243: As a lyoun leonem. rores, to him he cried. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 332.27-8: He began to rore as an olde lyon. L365 As enraged as a Lioness 1480 Caxton Ovyde 122[35]: She was more L359 To run like (a) Lion(s) enraged than a lyonesse. cI400 Laud Troy I 320.10843-6: Achilles than to Ector rennes,—As lyoun doth out of her L366 As stubborn as a Lioness dennes. When thei are hungred, afftir bestes 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 637: Stiboura I was That thei se walke In wilde forestes. al420 as is a leonesse. Lydgate Troy I 255.3857-8: Thei ran I-fere . . . Liehe wode liouns, II 446.1790: lyouns, L367 Like a Lioness whose whelps have been 477.2877-8: lyons, III 600.1260: a. aI470 Malory taken from her I 29.7: a. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 432.17-8: aI400 Scottish Legends I 453.436-8: Out of wyt lyons. 01475 Gtiyi 123 С 2072: a. cl500 Melufor wa scho ferd. As a lyones come ful thra. sine 202.24: a. al533 Berners Arthur 184[24]: a. That men had tane the quhelpis fra. See B103, T293. L360 To slay like (a, the) Lion al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 482.13889-91: L368 To fare like a Lioness As the lyon for hunger snacches And sleth the al420 Lydgate Troy III 678.3902-3: Or like, in best that he first lacches, So ferd Arthur wyth soth, to a lyounesse. That day she ferde. ilkon. cl400 Laud Troy I 43.1433-4: And sclow L369 To start forth like a Lioness Gregeis here and there As a lyon fers and fere, cl390 Alexius [Vernon) 68.470-1: Heo sturte 259.8776-7: To sole the Gregais wold he not forth in haste i-wis, As A lyonesse. ses. As hongre lyoun bestes vories, 309.10473-4: And sclow his men—as lyoun bestis That is for- L370 He can ill pipe that lacks his upper Lip hungred In wilde forestis. al420 Lydgate Troy 1546 Heywood D 94.139: He can yll pype, that I 138.4244-6: Whom Pollux hath, lyche a ferse lackth his upper lyp. Oxford 501; Ti ley L324, lyoun . . . Slawen, III 637.2484-5: And like a cf. P348. wood lyoun He slow that day of hem many oon. L371 Lips are the worst part by which men sin L361 To smite like (the, a) Lion(s) against God al300 Arthour and M.» 265.9673-4: These four al400 Wyclif Sermons II 187[14]: For lippis ben smot on hem, certes. So the lyoun doth on the the worste part bi which men synnen agens hertes. cl300 Guy^ 130 A 2223-4: Aither semed God. See W635. a lyoun of mode. So hard thai smiten with L372 Such Lips such lettuce swordes gode. cl300 Reinbrun 650.59.4-5: 1546 Heywood D 83.102: Suche lips, such letTogedres thai smite, with-outen faile, Ase tice. Apperson 366; Oxford 371; Tilley L326; sterne lyouns in bataile. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 495.14273-4: Byfore hym dide Whiting Drama 131, Scots I 203. here his dragoun, Moddred to smyte as a lyoun. L373 To laugh but from the Lips forward cl450 Merlin II 238-9: He smote a-monge the 1532 More Confutación 432 F[2-3]: He laugheth saisnes so fiercely as a wode lyon. but from the lyppes forwarde. Tilley T423.

Up

350

L374 To make a Lip 1529 More Supplicacion 294 Ff6]: Ye make a lippe, and thinke it so mad. NED Lip 2. L375 To scald one's Lips 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 10.256-9: Perfyte symylitudis and exemplis all Quharin Virgili beris the palm of lawd, Caxtoun, for dreid thai suld hys lyppis scald, Durst nevir twich. Apperson 552: Scald; Oxford 564; Tilley L328.

L374

luther strengthe. al200 Lawman II 297.1720913: Hit wes yara iquethen. That betere is liste (В sleahthe) Thene ufel stren(g)the. For mid liste (В slahthe) ma mai ihaldan That strengtha ne mai iwalden. cl200 Si. Katherine (Royal) 58.1233-4: With meokelec and liste, Nawt with luther strencthe, cf. 71.1516-9. al220 Giraldus Descriptio Kambriae in Opera VI 188[8-9]: Betere is . . . liste thene lither streingtha. al400 Benjamin Minor in Yorkshire Writers I 170[35]: Ffor batter lista then lythera strenght. al400 Cloud 87.6-7: Bot wirche more with a list than with any lither strengthe. al400 Pistle of Preier 58.2. al400 Stodye of Wysdome 41.4. 1481 Caxton Reynard 104.1: The connyng goth to fore strengtha, 1484 Aesop 240[l-2]: Batter is crafte and subtylte than force. 1515 Barclay St. George 63.1469-70: For many tymes it provyd is at length That craft and gyle subduyth myght and strength. Apperson 43; Tilley P462. See E202, F492, M281, 801, 051, Q5, S833, 858.

L376 With Lips not heart (varied) cl340 Rolle Psalter 16 (4.5): The whilk loves god with thaire lippis, bot thaire hart is fere fra him, 78 (21.6): For thi thai spake with lippes, noght in thaire hart, 208 (58.8): Bot now in mykill prechynga in lippis noght in dede. Ten Commandrrwnts in Perry English Prose Treatises 11.5-6: When we honour God with oure lyppys, and oure hertys arre ferre fra Hym. al400 Cleansing 201.11-2 (f.l32^): A praiere that is seide or bode oonly with the lippes and not with the hert is not fructuous, L382 Lith (help) and salthe (success) are fellows 206.6-8 (f.lSS"). cl400 Lay Folks' Catechism cl300 Havelok 49.1338: Lith and selthe felawes 43.662-4: For they worschipe hym with here are. Apperson 174, 327; Oxford 372. lyppis and not with here hertys. cl425 Orcherd 403.28-9. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 190.7-8: L383 By Lither (bad) men know the good This peple worschipen me wyth lyppes, bot cl378 Piers В χ 435: For bi lyther man knoweth the harta of hem is fer fro me, 30-1: Ysidorus: the gode. See L261, TUO, W231. A fervente prayer is not of lippas bot of hartes. 1529 More Supplicacion 336 E[13-4]: It lyeth L384 Liting (delay) is selcouth (wonderfully) ill but in the lippes, and navar came nera the hart. al400 Cursor III 1499 F 26631: For liting is ful selcouth ille. See D157. Saa C174, M755, S79, T383, W631. L385 The Litter is lika to the sire and dam L377 Your Lips hang in your aya (light) cl516 Skelton Magnificence 33.1050: Tussha! 1549 Heywood D 44.92: The litter is lyke to thy lyppes hange in thyne eye. 1546 Heywood the syre and the damme. Oxford 372; Tilley D 67.54: Your lips hang in your light. Apperson L337. See F80, M720. 369-70; Oxford 371; Tilley L330. L386 Better a Little gotten with right than much with wrong (varied) L378 Lip-labor 1528 More Heresyes 116 C[10-3]: Whiche al250 Ус ou rede ye Sitten stille in SP 28(1931) kinde of prayer these . . . haritiques nowe cal 598.107-8: Betere is lutei wid riste igete Thene lippe labour in mockage. NED Lip-labour; Tay- wid wronge muchel imeten. al395 WBible Prolor and Whiting 225; Whiting Drama 353:686. verbs xvi 8: Betere is a lital with rightfulnesse than many fruytis with wickidnesse. al400 Cf. Tilley L331. Northern Verse Psalter I 113 (36.16): Better is L379 The Liquor is semblable to the vessel litel to right, with wele. Over richesses of sinful cl523 Barclay Mirrour 54[17]: Men judgeth the fele. Tilley L360. licour to the vassell semblable. L387 Better a Little sure than much in fear and L380 To distill lika Liquor out of an alembic doubt cl385 Chaucer TC iv 519-20: This Troylus in 1509 Barclay Ship II 74[2]: And batter a lytall teris gan distille. As licour out of a Iambic ful sure than mocha in fere and dout. See M700. faste. L388 Better to have a Little with ease than L381 Better is List (cunning) than lither (evil) much with malease strength (varied) aI300 Alisaunder 399.7358-9: Better is litel to al200 Ancrene 138.18-9: Betere is wis liste then habbe in ayse Than mychel aghghtta in malaysa.

L406

351

Live

Apperson 371; Oxford 375; Tilley L350. See L397 A Little in the morning, nothing at noon, and a light supper makes to live long M700. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 208: A L389 Better to have Little with worship than little in the mominge, nothing at noone. And a much with shendship (shame) light supper doth make to live longe. Apperson cl300 Gttt/i 254.4445-6: Lever ich hadde 371; Tilley L356. htel with worthschipe Than michel with schenschipe. L398 Little may help there much behooves (is needed) L390 By the Little men should beware of the cl450 Douce MS.52 52.94: Lytyll may helpe, more there myche be-hoveth. cl450 Rylands MS.394 al470 Parker Dives 08·"[2.25-6]: That by the 103.16.15. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 225. lytyll men sholde beware of the more. See H40. L399 Little said, soon amended, etc. L391 Good to fast a Little and have full saulee 1555 Heywood E 176.169: Lyttle sayde, soone (amount of food) at supper amended. Lyttle good, soone spended. Lyttle cl450 Pilgrimage LM 4[3-4]: And good it were charge, soone attended. Lyttle wyt, soone ended. to faste a litel for to have ful saulee at the Apperson 372-3; Jente 151; Oxford 374; Tilley sopere. L358. L392 He that can (do) Little has soon done L400 Much yem (very active) brings Little home al325 Nego in Wright Political Songs 211[ll-2]: cl450 Greene Carols 418.3: Myche yeme For whoso can lite, hath sene i-do. Anone he bryngth lytel hom. drawith to nego. See G347. L401 Of a Little one gives a little L393 He that gives me Little is on (favorably cl450 Douce MS.52 45.14: Of a litui me yevyth disposed to) my life (varied) cl250 Hendyng О 196.27: He diat me luitel a litui. Apperson 372; Tilley L363. yefth, he me lif on. cl450 Douce MS.52 44.2: L402 Of Little waxes mickle He that a lytul me yevyth, to me wyllyth longe al200 Ancrene 32.11-2: Thus ofte, as me seith, lyffe. cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.10: He that of lutei muchel waxeth, 153.25-7: The cwene yeveth me alitel wol my lyfe. Apperson 247; seide ful soth the with a strea ontende alle hire Kneuer 31; Oxford 239; Schleich 255-6; Singer wanes: thet muchel kimeth of lutei, al400 (ReIII 129-30; Skeat 80. Cf. Jente 224. cluse) 140.4-5: A lefdi seide a spark broughth L394 He that has Little and can be content is al hir hous on brennyng and so it fareth ofte of better at ease than he that is rich and always litel cometh mychel. al500 Colkelbie 296.475-6: Ye may consave be this twich That oft of littill cares for more cumis mich. Apperson 398: Many; Jente 760; 01495 Arundel Vulgaria 59.253: He that hath Oxford 404; Skeat 292; Tilley L362; Whiting but litell and can be content is better at ease Scots I 203. See C75, 431, D412, S559. than he that is riche and alwaye careth for more. See E120, L403, 8867. L403 To have Little and be content is worship, etc. L395 He that has Little or nought is rich 1450 Diets 106.8-10: To have litille and to be 1483 Caxton Cato E7''[13-4]: The proverbe content is worshup, and to have muche and sayth that he whiche hath lytel, or as nought, not content, it is shame. See L394. is ryche. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 265: Blessed be nothing. See N140. L404 Where Little is promised there is little lying L396 Little and little the cat eats the bacon c900 Old English Cato 3.26: {jœr lyt gehaten (flesh, flitch) byö, ¡заег byÖ lyt leane (var. lygena). cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.30: Lytell and lytell the catt eteth the bakon. cl475 Rawlinson MS. L405 He that Lives (loves God) best prays best D 328 122.59: A lytel and a lytel the cate cl400 Order of Priesthood in Wyclif EW 169[8]: etuthe the flesch. Murilegus parvan paulatim For who lyveth best preieth best, 173[23-4]: devorat unam. al500 Hill 130.16: A litill and a That man that loveth best god preieth best. Utili, the cat etith up the bacon fliehe. 1546 Heywood D 84.144: Yet litteil and littell the L406 He that Lives cursedly may be sicker to cat eateth the flickell. Apperson 87; Oxford 82; end dolefully Tilley L353. al415 Mirk Festial 194.28-9: Thus whoso lyvyth

Uve

352

cursydly, he may be sykur forto ende dolfully. Apperson 374:17; Oxford 378; Tilley L392. See L250, 412.

L407

aeton of Sam hlafon, and synt fülle. cl395 WBible John vi 9-26: A child is here, that hath fyve barli looves and twei fischis . . . ye eten of louves, and weren fillid. Apperson 376; Oxford 378; Tilley L401.

L407 He that Lives longest shall suffer most woe cl430 Lydgate Dance 70.584: Who lengest L415 Seldom comes Loan laughing home leveth moste shal suffre wo. Apperson 374:9. Cf. cl250 Hendyng О 194-5.20: Seiden cometh lone lauinde homward. cl450 Douce MS.52 51.82: Jente 423. Seldun comyth lone laughyng home. cl450 L408 He that Lives well shall die well (varied) Rylands MS.394 101.13. Apperson 376, 556; cl412 Hoccleve Regement 104.2870: Ffor who Jente 132, 364; Kneuer 37-8; Oxford 572; Schso lyveth wel, wel shal he dye. cl430 Lydgate leich 260-1; Singer III 132-3; Skeat 84; Tilley Dance 38.296: Who lyveth a-right mote nedes L402; Whiting Scots I 203. dye wele. 1477 Rivers Dictes 47[23]: He that liveth wele shal die wele. cl500 Lyfe of Roberte L416 Ever the Loath shall have the land 262.1129: He that lyveth well here, no evyll cl475 RawUnson MS. D 328 125.78: Ever the death shall dye. 1506 Barclay Castell ES"· [2]: lothe schall have the land. De ffuraci speres For who well lyveth well doth ende. 1506 Kal- erit hosus sepeus eres. Walther 1 619.5068. ender 169.26: He that levyth well maye not dye amys. 1509 Barclay Ship 11 316[26]: Who justly L417 Seldom emdes (intercedes, ends) well the lyveth justly also shall ende. Apperson 376; Loath, and seldom pleads well the wroth cl250 Owl 80.942-4: For hit seide the king Tilley L391. Alfred: "Sel(d)e endeth wel the lothe, An selde plaideth wel the wrothe." al400 Additional MS. L409 To Live as one learns (teaches) al376 Piers A ν 36: And libben as ye lereth 35116 f.24b in Études Anglaises 7(1954) 14: us, we wolen love ou the betere. Apperson 509; Selde erendez wel the lothe, And selde pledez wel the wrothe. Oxford 572; Skeat 33; Eric R. Oxford 514-5. See L463, P347. Stanley ed. Owl and the Nightingale (London, L410 We Live as we may, not as we would 1960) 126. 1483 Vulgaria quedam ahs Terencio Q7''[4]: We L418 What is Loath is loath to hear live as we may, not as we wold. al325 Cursor 111 1362 CG 23833-4: For said it L411 We no sooner begin to Live than we begin es for gain mani rathe. Lathe es to here that man to die es lathe, al400 F: For saide hit is gane mani cl340 Rolle Psalter 496 (Song of Hezekiah 5): yere That man lovis noght: lath is to here. For na sonere bigyn we to life than we bigyn to dye. Cf. Chaucer CT 1[A] 3891-2. L419 Strong Locks make true men of those that would steal L412 A cursed Living asks a cursed ending al393 Cower CA 111 129.6631-3: For this pro(varied) verbe is evere newe. That stronge lokes maken al415 Mirk Festial 120.13-4: For as Seynt trewe Of hem that wolden stele and руке. See Austyn sayth: "A cursyd lyvyng before, askythe L421. a cursyd endyng aftyr," 194.22: Thus algatys a curset lyfuyng schewythe a fowle ende. al439 L420 To have under Lock and key Lydgate Fall 111 961.1483-4: Ther fais lyvyng cl250 Owl 132.1557: He hire bilu(k)th mid Of riht requereth to have an evel eendyng. See keie and loke. al393 Cower CA III 129.6621-3: L250, 406. Which under lock and under keie . . . Hath al the Tresor underfonge. al439 Lydgate Fall I L413 Better be oft Loaded than overloaded 137.4886: The brond reservyng under lok and clOOO Royal MS.2 B.v in Anglia 2(1878-9) 373: keie. Apperson 376-7; Tilley L407. Selre byth oft feöre ¡зшппе oferfeÖre. Meliora plura quam gravia honera fiunt. cl025 Durham L421 Trusty Locks make true servants Proverbs 14.37: Betere Ьу}э oft feöre Jjonne cl450 Douce MS.52 56.138: Tristy lockes make oferfeSre. Meliora plura quam gravia honera true servauntes. See L419. fiunt. See 064. L422 Under yellow Locks are hidden foul scabs L414 Loaves and fishes cl515 Barclay Eclogues 11.357-8: Oft under clOOO WSG John vi 9-26: Her is an cnapa {зе yelowe lockes Be hid foule scabbes and fearehaefj) fif berene hlafas and twegen fixas . . . ge full French pockes.

L442

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L423 To be ten miles beyond the Lodestar Look, sb. c l 4 5 0 Idley 85.279-80: He is beyonde hymsilf L434 Lither (evil) Look and twinkling are so farre, Ten myle beyonde the loode sterre! tokens of horeling (adultress) al300 Lither lok Sermon 104-5: Lither lok and L424 To chop Logic tuingling, Tiheng and tikeling, Opin brest and cl522 Skelton Colyn I 331.530: Suche logyke singing, Theise mid-outin losing, Arin toknes of men wyll chop. 1528 More Heresyes 153 E[8-9]: horeling. Apperson 666: Wanton. And chop logicke with her maistres. 1528 Skelton Replycacion I 212.118-9: When ye logyke Look, vb. chopped, And in the púlpete hopped. 1546 Heywood D 69.101: She chopth logyke, 1556 L435 First Look and afterward leap (varied) c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.52 57.150: First loke and aftirSpider 187[5-6]: To chop logike ech with other ward lepe; Avyse the welle, or thow speke. in rude reasoning, 198[17]: And take upon him al500 National Library of Wales Peniarth in chop logik lawse. Apperson 97-8; Oxford 94; MS.356 p.l96 in Robbins-Cutler 1941.5: Loke or Tilley L412; Whiting Drama 338:453. thu speke (for lepe). And thynke or thu speke. L425 Between London and Hull 1520 Whittinton Vulgaría 44.19: It is wysdom to 1509 Barclay Ship I 12[28]: Than is none holde loke before what maye fai here after. 1546 Heywyser bytwene London and Hul. wood D 22.56: To looke or ye leape, 1555 E 148.5. Apperson 380; Oxford 383; Taylor and L426 (From here) unto London al425 Chester Plays II 293.327-8: No ladd unto Whiting 228; Tilley L429; Whiting Drama 129, 139, Scots 1 203. See K68, L15, S127, W424. London Such law can him leere. L427 From London to great Ind L436 He that Looks before and not behind c l 4 5 0 Idley 143.2182: It might fortune not fro may find harm London to grete Ynde. al393 Cower CA III 153.7350-2: For who that loketh al tofore And wol noght se what is beL428 From London to Louth hinde. He mai fulofte hise harmes finde. See al425 Chester Plays I 159.651-2: From London S96. to Louth, Such an other shepherd I wot not where is. L437 To Look as if one would eat one 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaría 29.13: Thou L429 London lickpenny lokst on me as thou wolde ete me. Cf. Tilley al500 London Lickpenny in Anglia 20(1897-8) L438. 418.111: For well london lykke peny for ones and eye. Apperson 377; Oxford 379; Tilley L228. L438 A lowly Looking and a purse makes fools al475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.58: A lowely L430 The Longer the worse lokynge and a porse makys follys her and ther. al023 Wulfstan Homilies 117.23-4: ForÖam See note, p. 234. [jeos woruld is fram daege to daege a swa leng swa wyrse, 123.14: Hit is on worulde a swa leng L439 As stable as the Loop (sapphire) swa wyrse, 137.47. 1402 Letter in Review of al449 Lydgate Our Lady in MP I 258.93: Stable English Studies 8(1932) 262[4]: Ever lenger the as the lowpe. NED Loop sb.^ 2. wers. Cf. Jente 423; Tilley D71. See H503. L439.1 As free as a Lord L431 As long as Longius cl425 Orcherd 339.21: He hath maad hym fre 1528 More Heresyes 162 H [ l l - 3 ] : If he be as as a lord. Whiting Scots I 204. longe as Longyus, and have an hye harte and L440 Beware how you play with Lords trust upon his ovrae witte. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 2074: Beth war, therL432 Longly or short(ly) fore, with lordes how ye pleye. Cf. Tilley C279. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 222[11]: To say longly or schorte, alle armes bare. Cf. Apperson L441 Beware of Lords' promises 1450 Paston II 159[6]: Circumspecte agatis, and 378; Oxford 380; Taylor and Whiting 227; Tilley be war of lordis promysses. See W374. L419. L442 Each is not lettered that now is made a L433 To have Loofs (palms) like bird-lime 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 119.71: Na labour list Lord thai luk till, thar luffis ar byrd lyme. NED Bird1509 Barclay Ship I 21[15]: Eche is nat lettred lime b. See F154, H60. that nowe is made a lorde. See K60.

Lord

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L443 He cannot be a good Lord that was not a L452 A Lord's stomach and a beggars's purse theow (servant) accord ill (varied) cllOO Instructions for Christians 17.235-7: cl515 Barclay Eclogues 181.21-2: But a lordes Nœfre ic ne gehyrde f)œt wurde laford god Eft stomake and a beggers pouche Full ill accordon ylde, se Öe ser ne was Gode oÖÖe monnum eth. 1546 Heywood D 38.117-8: There is nothon iugoS t^eowa. Tilley S237. See G407, M228, ing in this worlde that agreeth wurs. Then 402, 407, S856. dooeth a Ladies hert and a beggers purs, 1555 E 153.47: There is nothing in this world that L444 He is Lord of Fortune that will not reck agreeth wurse. Then doth a lordes harte and a of her beggers purse. Apperson 382; Oxford 348; Tilley cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1587-9: And thynk that H324. See H294. lord is he Of Fortune ay, that naught wole of hire recche; And she ne daunteth no wight but L453 New Lords new law(s) a wrecche. See MIOO. al450 Si. Editha 96.4312-3: Willyham Conquerour was made here kyng. And made newe L445 The higher that a Lord is raised the more lordus and eke new lawe. 1483 Caxton Golden perilous the overthrow Legende 310''[1.34-5]: We have a newe kynge, cl440 Scrope Epistle 110[22-3]: Therfor Thonewe lawes. Apperson 444; Oxford 451; Taylor lome seith, "The hyer that a lorde be raysed and Whiting 229; Tilley Ь446. See K54. the perylouser is the ovyrthrowe." cl450 Epistle of Othea 141.16-7: For tholome seyth: The L454 No Lord no law hyer a lord is lyfte up, the gretter and more cl450 Capgrave Katharine 121.688: Where is perilous is hys fall. See C296. no lord, there is no lawe, men say. L44e If the Lord bids slay (flee), the steward L455 Such Lord such meiny (servants) (varied) bids flee (slay) 1340 Ayenbite 235[24-5]: Vor to zuiche Ihorde al400 Bozon Contes 12[10-1]: For yif the loverd zuich maine. cl400 Vices and Virtues 200.18: bidd sie, the stiward biddes fle (var. If the For men seyn, "Suche lord, alle suche meyne," loverd biddes flo, the stiward biddes slo, cf. 261.14-5: For al suche lord, al suche meyne. 198[25]). al450 Myne awen dere 159.321: For swilke servaundes, swilke is the lorde. al450 South L447 A Lord a niggard is a shame English Legendary (Bodley) 410.63: Wikked was c l 5 I 6 Skelton Magnificence 13.387-8: As men the lord: and wikkid ek the meyne! cl450 Salisdare speke it hugger mugger: "A lorde a bury Cath. Lib. MS. 103 f.102'' in Owst Literanegarde, it is a shame." See M120, S628. ture 43 [25]: It is an olde sawe, Swych lord, L448 Lord and knave are all one when they are swyche meyne. 1450 Diets 142.33: After the lord, the meynye disportith, al460 (Helmingbom and when they die al393 Cower CA II 407.201-2: For lord and ham) 143.36: An evel lorde, an evel meyne. 1484 Caxton Royal Book P6''[29]: It is comynly knave al is о weie, Whan thei be bore and sayd, suche lord such meyne. See C34, 192, J71, whan thei deie. See C267, K43, L451, P298. K56, M408, P403. L449 A Lord beloved of his citizens may not be vanquished L456 Those that rob openly are called Lords cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1339-40[В2529-30]: For and those that rob privily are called thieves thus seith Tullius, that "ther is a manere gamy1532 Berners Golden Bake 397.10024-6: Nowe soun that no man may venquysse ne disconflte, adayes in Italye they that robbe openly are and that is a lord to be biloved of his citezeins called lordes: and they that robbe prively are and of his peple." Οφτά Θ28. called theves. See T68. L450 A Lord's heart and a purse that peises L457 To live (fare) like (a) Lord(s) (weighs) light (do not agree) cl390 Tarry rwt till To-morrow in Brown Lyrics al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 768.102: A lordis XIV 194.9: Thou leod that lives as lord in londe. herte, a purs that peiseth liht. Apperson 382. cl425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 121.18143: Thou See H294. sail lyf als a lord. al460 Towneley Plays 377.307: L451 A Lord's siege (excrement) and rural men's Thise laddys thai leven as lordys riall. cl475 Henryson Fables 10.221: For quhylis I fair alsordure savor alike cl515 Barclay Eclogues 91.1015-6: But yet the weill as ony Lord. 1519 Herman Vulgaria lordes siege and rurali mens ordure Be like of 50[32]: He ledeth a lordis lyfe. Mollem et feriatam vitam agit. See K58. savour for all their meates pure. See L448.

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L458 Under great Lords men have (take) great al393 Cower CA III 231.2381-2: Bot lieh to wolle is evele spönne, Who lest himself hath strokes al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.107: Under litel wonne. grete lordis men have gret strokis. cl450 Fyrst L470 Let Losers have their words thou sal 89.87: Undyr gret lords men takes gret 1533 More Debellacyon 1018 F[4-6]: Hit is an strokes. al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 332.21. olde curtesye at the cardes perdy, to let the leser have hys wordes. 1546 Heywood D 79.53-4: And L459 What is a Lord without his meiny? cl412 Hoccleve Regement 18.463: What is a where reason and custome (they say) afoords, lord withouten his meynee? cl450 Capgrave Alwaie to let the loosers have their woords, Katharine 73.936-7: What is a lord but if he 1555 E 166.125. Apperson 383; Oxford 386; have mene? What is a peple but if he have a Tilley L458. lord? L471 Better a little Loss than a long sorrow L460 Fie on Lordship when liberty is gone cl378 Piers В Prol. 195: For better is a Htel losse al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 473.110: Fy on than a longe sorwe. Oxford 37. See P9. lordship whan liberte is gon! L472 Of one Loss three (twain) L461 In Lordship is no sickemess 1473 Paston V 192[ll-2]: Iff I have one losse I cl390 Chaucer CT VII 2239-40[В3429-30]: am lyffe (?like) therfor to have three. 1509 BarLordynges, ensample heerby may ye take How clay Ship II 70[24]: So of one losse oft tymes that in lordshipe is no sikernesse. See H47. make they twayne. See S513. L462 When Lordship fails good fellowship L473 A Louse could not wander (walk) on that threadbare tabard avails 1456 Five Dogs of London 189a: Whan lord- al376 Piers A ν 111-3: In a toren tabart of twelve wynter age; But yif a lous couthe lepe, schype fayleth, gode felowschipe awayleth. I con hit not i-leve Heo scholde wandre on that L463 Such Lore such life walk, hit was so thred-bare. Apperson 383; al387 Higden-Trevisa V 55[8-9]: Hit was a Tilley L469. proverbe of hym (Origen), "Suche as was his lore, suche was his lyf." See B481, D282, 289, L474 Not give a Louse al450 Castle 92.491-2: This werldys wysdom L107, 409, P358, 360, 361, 397. yevyth no(t) a louse Of God, 100.772-3: Loke thou yeve not a lous Of the day that thou L464 Better to Lose than win wrongfully cl515 Barclay Eclogues 168.777: Better is to schalt deye. Tilley L472. lose then wrongfully to winne. L475 Not worth a Louse cl380 Ferumbras 16.439: Him semede it nas L465 As good Lost as found 1546 Heywood D 39.140: A gest as good lost as noght worth a lous. cl490 Ryman 239.2: But founde, for all this show. Apperson 383; Oxford stynking flsshe not worthe a lowce. cl497 Medwall Fulgens CS'iie]. Apperson 457:23; Tilley 386; Tilley L454. L472; Whiting Drama 353:693. L466 It is Lost that is unsought cl385 Chaucer TC i 809: And lost, that is un- L476 He must needs Lout (stoop) that dare do sought. 1546 Heywood D 48.233: It is lost that no other is unsought. Apperson 383; Oxford 387; Tilley cl300 Body and Soul 43 L 303-4: Thorfore most i nede loute (A; stoupe), So doth that non L455. See U5. other dar. L467 It is right that it be evil Lost that is evil Love, sb. won 1481 Caxton Reynard 8[28-9]: Male quesisti et L477 Against Love ('s strength) may no wight be male perdidisti, hit is ryght that it be evil loste (varied) that is evil wonne. Apperson 193-4; Oxford al393 Cower CA II 235.344-6: For it sit every 315-6; Tilley G90. See G51, 333. man to have Reward to love and to his miht, Ayein whos strengthe mai no wiht. 1480 Caxton L468 What is Lost cannot be recovered Ovyde 159[38-9]: Who is he tha(t) ayenst 1525 Berners Froissart VI 99[35-6]: That is loste love hath ony strengthe. al533 Berners Arthur canne nat be recovered. Cf. Tilley L456, 282[16]: Ayenst love no man can be. See L518, M224. L469 Who Loses himself has won little

Love

356

L478

tore love, the caldore care, Whon frendes fynde L478 Alas! that (ever) Love is sin cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 614: Alias! alias! that heore fmit defoyled. evere love was synne! cl400 Beryn 3.48; Alias! L487 If you flee Love it shall flee you that love ys syn! See L167. al400 Romaunt В 4783-4: If thou fle it (Love), L479 As good Love comes as goes it shal flee thee; Folowe it, and folowen shal it al475 Turne up hur halter in Rei. Ant. I 77[34]: thee. See C526, T120, 162, W549. As gode love wol come as go. cl475 Henryson Fables 2L512: The proverb sayis, "als gude lufe L488 If you win Love in an hour you may lose cummis as gais." Oxford 389; Tilley L475; Whit- it in three or four 1534 Heywood Love B4''[9-ll]: And drede, this ing Scots I 204. bad angeli, sware bloud and bones. That if I L480 For Love or gold wan your love all in one howre, I sholde lose it al300 Alisaunder 416.6405-6: This othir yeir all agayne in thre or fowre. tho thow noldest To me come for love no for L489 In great Love is great mourning golde. Taylor and Whiting 229. al300 Alisaunder 227.4060-1: In mychel love is L481 Hearty Love loves not many words grete moumynge; In mychel nede is grete 1519 Horman Vulgaría 179[22-3]: Harty love thankynge. loveth nat many wordis. Sinceras amor linguae L490 In great Love is sometimes sorrow and assertationem indignatur. See W543. sometimes bliss L482 Hot (hasty) Love does not hold long al450 Generydes A 302.9771-3: And, ye know, cl475 Lett lowe to lowe in Anglia 73(1956) in grete love is Som tyme sorow, somtyme blis. 300[17-20]: Qwer-as hasty lowe ys qwiche some Som tyme yvel, som tyme goodnes. wyl decever, Lowe thatt ys hott qwiche contenews never, Mutable lowe cannott in-Dever, L491 It is hard to start from Love and death Bott stedifast lowe qwiche Reman(es ever). cl450 Idley 101.1196-7: It is harde fro love and cl500 Newton 263.16: Hit was so hote and so deth to Sterte—They goo so inwardly unto the hasty hit myght not longe hold. Cf. Tilley L488. herte. See L523. L483 Hot Love does not reign al500 How shall y piece in Archiv 106(1901) 274[13]: Hote love doth not Rayne.

L492 Let never your Love be on a hill al500 Counsels in Brown Lyrics XV 284.37-8: Lette nevere thy lufFe be on an hylle, Ner thy councell at the crosse be cryde.

L484 Hot Love soon cold (varied) cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3754: His hoote love was L493 Lose not the Love of your friend for a coold and al yqueynt. cl450 Idley 100.1147-8: little As in olde proverbe is playnly tolde: Hoote love al500 Good Wife N 214.168-9: Loose not the and newe sone wexeth colde. al470 Malory love of thy frind. For a litle that thou mighst III 1120.1-2: And ryght so faryth the love nowa- spend. dayes, sone hote sone colde. al490 Fickle Mis- L494 Louken (shut up) Love at the end will tress in Robbins 138.33-4: Love ys strange in all kithe (be made krwwn) degre, Summtyme hoyt and sumtyme colde. al325 Cursor I 252.4275-6: For qua thar-for be al500 Guy* 26-7.555-8: For love is hote, and wrath or blith Luken luve (GT: Prive love) at love is colde. And love maketh a man both the end wil kith. Skeat 45. Cf. Apperson 384: young and olde; But t m e love is good to have. Love and a cough; Oxford 388; Tilley L490. Though it be of a poore knave. cl500 Fabyan See M806. 89[23]: Often it happeneth that hote love is soone colde. 1546 Heywood D 21.36: Hotte L495 Love and lordship will have no fellowship love, soone colde. Apperson 315; Oxford 307; cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1623-6: О Cupide, out Tilley L483; Whiting Drama 142, Scots I 204. of alle charitee! О regne, that wolt no felawe See F187, H552, 554, L546. have vdth thee! Ful sooth is seyd that love ne lordshipe Wol noght, his thankes, have no L485 Hot Love will often sour felaweship. al393 Gower CA II 194.2365-7: And al300 Alisaunder 375.6992: Hote love often is his propre be the lawe. Which thing that after wil soure. axeth no felawe. If love holde his covenant. al439 Lydgate Fall III 734.2220-3: Unto purpos L486 Hotter Love colder care cl390 Mary and the Cross 622.361-2: The hat- was saide ful yore agon. How that love nouther

LSI 4

357

Love

hih lordshippe,—Preeff hath be maad in many cl385 Chaucer TC iv 834: Endeth thanne love mo than oon,—Nouther of hem wolde have no in wo? Ye, or men Heth! See L498. felashipe. Apperson 384; Oxford 388; Skeat 220; L505 Love follows freedom (generosity) Tilley L495; Whiting Scots I 204-5. See L501. al420 Lydgate Troy 1330.6499: For love folweth L496 Love at first sight fredam comounly. See L515. cl385 Chaucer TC ii 667-9: This was a sodeyn L506 Love for love is skillful guerdoning (realove; how myght it be That she so lightly loved sonable reward) (varied) Troilus, Right for the flrste syghte, ye, parde? cl385 Chaucer TC ii 392: As love for love is 1532 Berners Golden Boke 240.4059-60: All this skilful guerdonynge. al500 PRos Lo Belle Dame love caused, one onely syght. Oxford 388-9; 312.434-6: Also in you is lost, to my seming. Taylor and Whiting 229-30; Tilley L426. Al curtesy, which of resoun wold say That love L497 Love binds for love were lawful deserving. See L273, 514. al200 Ancrene 208.10: Me seith that luve bindL507 Love for riches is attaint (infected) when eth. cl385 Chaucer TC i 236-8: For evere it was, and evere it shal byfalle, That Love is he poverty comes that alle thing may bynde. For may no man al500 Guy* 27.559-60: Love for richesse is fordon the lawe of kynde. 1493 Tretyse of Love false and feynte; When povertie commeth, it is atteynte. Cf. Tilley P531. See P334, 343. 5.14: Men sey that love byndeth. L508 Love has no lack (varied) al400 Ipomadon A 88.3018-20: But sothe ys sayd in olde sawe, Whedur that ever love will drawe. Lake no lettyng mase. al415 Mirk Festial 165.29: For love hathe no lake. cl450 In Praise of Brunettes in Bobbins 30.3: Ther y love ther ys no lac. 1506 Hawes Pastime 151.4021: Where L499 Love can espy (find out) all that is love there can be no lacke. 1546 Heycl386 Chaucer LGW 742: But what is that that wood D 24.14: In love is no lacke, 1555 E love can nat espye, cl395 CT 1V[E] 2126-7: 148.9. Apperson 384:3; Oxford 390; Tilley L485; What sleighte is it, thogh it be long and hoot. Whiting Scots I 204. See L150. That Love nyl fynde it out on som manere? L509 Love has no law L500 Love can find a remedy for every sore al449 Lydgate Virtues in MP I 108.481: Poetys cl485 Guiscardo 54.295-6: Tyll at the last that seyen howe love hath no law. Apperson 385:22; love, to whom nothyng ys hyd. The whyche for Oxford 390; Tilley L508. See L579, 592. every sore can fynde a remedy. L510 Love helps the hardy L501 Love can (knows) no friendship 1480 Caxton Ovyde 47[17-8]: Love helpeth the al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 495.255: Love hardy. See F519, G214, H96. can no frenship, I se weel, in no coost. Tilley L511 Love hurts no man L549. See L495. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 181.18-9: Men saye that love hurteth no man. L502 Love changes oft al400 Romaunt В 4353-7: It is of Love, as of L512 Love is a great mastery Fortune, That chaungeth ofte, and nyl contune; al470 Malory II 740.8-9: And well I wote that Which whilom wol on folk smyle, And glowmbe love is a grete maystry. See L544. on hem another while; Now, freend, now foo, L513 Love is a woeful bliss (thow) Shalt hir feel. Cf. Tilley L488. al393 Cower CA III 110.5993-5: And seith love L503 Love dares anything is a wofull blisse, A wisdom which can noman al393 Cower CA III 201.1261-6: Who dar do wisse, A lusti fievere, a wounde softe. Cf. Smith thing which love ne dar? To love is every lawe 185; Tilley L505a. unwar. Bot to the lawes of his heste The fissch, L514 Love is bought for love the foul, the man, the beste Of al the worldes a1450 Love that god loveth in Kail 76.123-4: Of kinde louteth. For love is he which nothing alle that may be bought and sold, Love for douteth. love is evenest boughte. Apperson 385:21; Oxford 390. See L273, 506, 543. L504 Love ends in woe L498 Love brings to sorrow al400 Ipomadon A 36.1192-4: It ys full swete, to enter in love. But ay more and more it brynges above To sorowe, and that I se. See L504.

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L5T5

L515 Love is faint when gifts fail 209[7-8]: Love is sewed as it were kouth And al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.17-8: Gefe, is nout in herte als in mouth. See M755. where gyftis may avayle: Love is faynt, when L522 Love is not old as when it is new gyftis faile. Robbins-Cutler 908.8. See L505,526. 01395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 855-7: But sooth is L516 Love is free seyde—algate I fynde it trewe. For in effect it cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1606: What, verray preeved is on me—Love is noght oold as whan fool, thynk wel that love is free. al393 Gower that it is newe. Cf. Whiting Ballad 38: Love is CA II 56.752: To love is every herte fre, 88.1929- bonnie. See L524, 537. 30: I seie in excusinge of me. To alle men that love is fre. cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 767: Love L523 Love is stalworth (strong, forcy) as death is a thyng as any spirit free. al400 Romaunt В cl340 Rolle Psalter 297 (79.19): Says the wys 3432: For wel wot ye that love is free. cl450 man, that luf is stalworth as ded, 1348 Forme Idley 99.1098: Thus love is at large and to every in Allen Й. Rolle 111.112-4: For luf es stalthyng free, 136.1733: Ffor love is free and will worth als the dede . . . and hard als hell, al349 not be constreyned. al470 Malory II 781.22: Commandement in Allen Д. Rolle 74.46-7: In For love is fre for all men. III 1097.25-7: And this degre es lufe stalworth as dede and hard with many knyghtes love ys fre in hymselffe, and as hell. cl375 Song of Lave in Brown Lyrics XIV never woll be bonde; for where he ys bonden 104.48: For luf es stalworth as the dede. cl395 he lowsith hymselff. Oxford 390; Whiting Bal- WBible Song of Songs viii 6: For love is strong as deth. al400 Rolle Encomium in Perry English lad 24. Prose Treatises 2.1: For luf es strange'als dede. al400 Wyclif Sermons I I55[3]: stronge. 1435 L517 Love is full of dread (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1644-5: For I am evere Misyn Fire 22.36-7: In the cantikyls it is sayd: agast, forwhy men rede That love is thyng ay ful "lufe als dede is strange, And lufe is hard as of bisy drede. al393 Gower CA III 52.3850-2: hell." 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 140.785: stronge, For love is everemore in doute, If that it be 177.938-9: stronge. al475 Tree 46.18: Charité is wisly governed Of hem that ben of love lamed, strong as deth as Salomon seith. cl475 Henry112.6059: Men sein that every love hath drede. son Annunciation 199.1: Forcy as deith Is likand 1506 Barclay Castell D2''[14-8]: This proverbe lufe. See L491.

that I the lere Kepe it in thy remembraunce: Love goth never without fere. Fere without love L524 Love is sweet at first and sour at last may ryght well be. We fere without love them (varied) that us menasez (French p. 59.1615: Amour ne al393 Gower CA III 391.190-4: For al such time va jamais sans crainte). Apperson 384-5; Oxford of love is lore. And lich unto the bitterswete; For thogh it thenke a man ferst swete, He schal 390; Skeat 200; Tilley L507. wel fielen ate laste That it is sour and may noght L518 Love is master (lord) laste. cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 571.21419-20: A al393 Gower CA II 36.34-5: It hath and schal joye, a joye et amours Et sen issent a dolours. ben everemor That love is maister wher he wile, cI450 Merlin II 310[12-4]: Saf that thei seiden III 71.4556: For love is lord in every place. See in refreite of hir songe, "Vraiement comencent L477, 538, 540. amours en joye, et fynissent en dolours." cl500 King Hart 113.9-10: This drink wes sweit ye L519 Love is more (sweet) that is bought with fand in Venus tun I Sone eftir this it sal be woe (dear bought) staili and soure. Oxford 390; Tilley L513; Whit1420 Lydgate Temple 52.1255-6: And therfor of ing Scots I 205. See L522, 537. yow t(w)oo Shal love be more, that it was bought with wo. cl475 Court of Sapience 158.852: Eke LS25 Love is vendable love ys more swete, that ys dere bought. clSOO al400 Romaunt В 5804: For love is overall vendNewton 269.16: Ffor lof is the swetter the der able. See L548. that it is boght. See F58, G356, H434, M307, W376, 420. L526 Love lasts as long as the money endures 1474 Caxton Chesse 97[17-20]: And herof men L520 Love is more than gold saye a comyn proverbe in england that love cl421 Lydgate Thebes 112.2716: For love is lasteth as longe as the money endureth and more than gold or gret richesse. whan the money faylleth than there is no love. L521 Love is not in heart as in mouth Apperson 385; Oxford 390; Tilley F531. See аХЗОО Love w blisse in Brown Lyrics XIII L515.

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L527 Love laughs when men are forsworn al500 Piers of Fullham 14.326-7: Ffor men have seyn here to foryn. That love laughet when men be for sworn. Cf. Apperson 334: Jove; Oxford 328; Tilley J82. See G201, L578. L528 Love leads the ring cl343 Rolle Ego in Allen Я. Rolle 68.237: Bot suth than es it sayde that lufe ledes the ryng. L529 Love makes every work appear easy al535 Fisher Wayes 364.12-4: Love maketh everie worke appeare easie and pleasaunt, though it be ryghte displeasaunt of it selfe. Cf. Tilley L523. See L4.

Love

Pandarus, that wel koude ech a deel The olde daunce, cI387-95 CT I[A] 475-6: Of remedies of love she knew per chaunce, For she koude of that art the old daunce, cl390 VI[C] 79: And knowen wel ynough the olde daunce. al400 Romaunt В 4300: For she knew all the olde daunce. 1472 Stonor Letters I 126[35]: Every thyng that longeth to love's daunce. alSOO Alexander-Cassamus 58.166: How long I have perseveryd thus in love daunce, 60.214-5: She lyst not to lere Recclesly to hoppe forth yn lovys daunce. Handle Cotgrave Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues (London, 1611) s.v. Danse: Elle scait assez de la vieille danse. She knowes well enough what belongs to the Game; she hath bin a hackster, a twigger, a good one, in her time; MED connen 3 (a), daunce 4a.

L530 Love makes low things high al400 Stanzaic Life 356.10489-92: Also luf makes loghe thyng hegh, Be mony wayes mon may se, As men that ben grete lordis negh, Who-so is lufd, on hegh gos he. L536 Love stands in no certain{ty) of ( for) folk L531 Love makes the villain (churl) courteous, that are seldom seen alSOO Piers of Fullham 13.296-7: Ffor love etc. (varied) stant in no certeyn Of folke that ben seldom aI393 Gower CA II 363.2296-304: For evere sayn. See E213, S130, 307. yit it hath be so, That love honeste in sondri weie Profiteth, for it doth awei The vice, and L537 (Love) that began soft has a smart ending as the bokes sein. It makth curteis of the vilein. al325 Cursor I 10.58: (Love) that soft began has And to the couard hardiesce It yifth, so that endyng smart. See L522, 524. verrai prouesse Is caused upon loves reule To L538 (Love) will be lord and sire him that can manhode reule. al450 Partorwpe cI380 Chaucer PF 12: There rede I wel he 162.4453-7: Lowe, thys can love wyth-owte (Love) wol be lord and syre. See L518. ffayle Make eche man hys mastere use: Knyghtes shame to refuse, Clerkes to love well clergye. L539 Love will be set under rags as well as And ladyes to cheresse curtesy. Cf. Tilley L521. (under) rich rochet (linen garment) L532 The Love of ladies causes pain to lovers al400 Romaunt В 4753-4: For also wel wol love be set Under ragges, as riche rochet. Cf. and death to horses cl500 Melusine 56.8-10: Ye have longe syn herd Apperson 385: Love lives in cottages; Oxford say how somtyme the love of ladyes causeth 390-1; Tilley L519. See H3. peyne and traveyll to the amerous lovers, and L540 Love will daunt both king and knight deth to horses. al400 Ipomadon A 209-10.7346-54: Love is so mekyll off myghte, That it will daunte bothe L533 Love puts reason away (varied) al393 Gower CA II 64.1051-2: For Love put kyng and knyght, Erie and bold barowne; They, reson aweie And can noght se the righte weie, that wyseste is of witte. Fro tyme they be III 390.153-4: For love, which is unbesein Of takyne wyth it. Hit takythe fro them there alle reson, as men sein. 1509 Barclay Ship I reasowne. Love may save, love may spille. Love 81[15]: For he that loveth is voyde of all reason. may do, what that he will. And tume all up Oxford 390; Tilley L517; Whiting Scots I 205. and dovrae. Cf. Apperson 384: Love is above King. See L477, 518, 538, 545. Cf. Apperson 384:7. L534 Love's law is out of rule L541 Love will find a way al393 Gower CA II 35.18: For loves lawe is out al393 Gower CA II 263.1362-6: Who loveth of reule. O-xford 390. wel, it mai noght misse, And namely whan ther be tuo Of on acord, how so it go, Bot if that L535 Love's old dance thei som weie finde; For love is evere of such cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1106-7: "How ferforth be a kinde. Apperson 386; Oxford 392; Tilley L531. ye put in loves daunce?" "By God," quod he, "I hoppe alwey behyndel", iii 694-5: But L542 Love will have its course

Love

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al450 Generydes В 29.896: Fior love will have his course for eny thing. See K36.

L543

1532 Berners Golden Bake 175.1862-3: There is no parfite love, where is no egalitie betwene the lovers. Smith 129; Tilley F761. See B363, C401, M175, Y33.

L543 Love will (is paid with) love cl386 Chaucer LGW 1187: Love wol love, for nothing wol it wonde. 1532 Berners Golden L552 Through Love every law is broken Boke 166.1576-7: It is an olde proverbe of cl385 Chaucer TC iv 618: Thorugh love is Pythagoras: Love is payd with other love, broken al day every lawe. Oxford 390. 429.11043: For love onely is payed with love L553 To be full (true) of Love beneath the agayne. Oxford 292: Herb, cf. 389: Love begets girdle but not above love. See L273, 506, 514. al500 Characteristics of Counties in Rei. Ant. L544 Love will not be constrained by mastery I 269[35-6]: Northampton, full of love, Beneath cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 764-6: Love wol nat the girdel, and not above. al500 Greene Carols been constreyned by maistrye. Whan maistrie 401. В 5: Some of them be treue of love Beneth comth, the God of Love anon Beteth his wynges, the gerdell but nat above. Cf. Tilley W520. and farewel, he is gon! Oxford 389; Tilley L499. L554 To have little (no) Love (varied) Cf. Smith 188. See L512. cl300 Guy^ 130.2213-4: Al togider thai gun smite; Semblant of love thai kidde bot lite, L545 Love will not be daunted al400 Ipomadon A 25.800-2: All othere thynges 466 A 108.12: Of love was ther no speche, men daunte may. But, sertenly, be no waye Love 482 A 130.5. al350 Ywain 18.633-4: To speke of lufe na time was thare. For aither hated wille not be daunte! See L540. uther ful sare, 94.3530: Litel luf was tham biL546 Mad Love lasts but a while twene. cl350 Libeaus 113.2027-8: Faste he cl520 Walter Spectacle A4^[21]: For suche gan to fight; Of love ther nas no word, с 1400 madde love lasteth but a whyle. See L484. Laud Troy I 183.6198: Litel love was be-twene hem two. cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 443.16536: L547 The new Love chases out the old cl385 Chaucer TC iv 414-5: And ek, as writ Ther was a signe of lytel love, 605.22738. al450 Zanzis, that was ful wys, "The newe love out Generydes A 181.5809-10: There began bataile chaceth ofte the olde," 421-4: For also seur as strong. For litle love was hem among, 188. day comth after nyght. The newe love, labour, 6057-8: He smote the king on the helm above or oother wo. Or elles selde seynge of a wight, A stroke that was not for noo love, В 194. Don olde affecciouns alle over-go. Oxford 441; 6089-90: Betwix them twayne it was noo tyme to trete, All maner love and frenshippe was Skeat 186; Tilley L538. See N6, T141. forgete. cl450 Merlin II 657[24]: And these hem L548 One may cheap (bargain for) Love with chaced that cowde hem not love. cl475 Gui/i cattle (property) 345 С 6413-4: Whan he theim had overe-take, cl390 Talkyng 30.17-8: For everiwher mai men Contenaunce of love he did noon make. See with catel love chepen. See L525. F674, G368. L549 Show Love to win love L555 True Love (en)dures in (the) heart cl523 Barclay Mirrour 74[14]: Shewe thou love al300 Alisaunder 114.2043: Treowe love in to win love in worde, heart and dede. Apperson heorte durith. 385:27; Tilley L515. L556 True Love never failed man L550 There are no foul Loves (varied) al4D0 Bomaunt В 4587: For trewe Love ne al400 Orologium 337.25-8: Also hit falleth failide never man. oft-sithes that that thinge that summe manne demene fowle and unsemelye in him that thei L557 True Love will never stain love not, othere, that lovene him, presene and cl520 Walter Spectacle Β1··[4]: Trewe love wyll comende that selfe thinge as feyre and comelye. never stayne. Cf. Tilley T543. cl505 Watson Valentine 101.27-9: It is sayde commonly that there is no foule loves whan L558 Where Love is there is the eye the hartes geveth them therto. Apperson 449, al396(1494) Hilton Scale H4^[9-10]: For where cf. 385:33; Jente 340; Oxford 389; Taylor and the love is there is the eye, and where the likynge is there is moost the herte thynkynge. Whiting 230; Tilley L545. al400 Ancrene (Becluse) 38.28-30: Auris zelo L551 There is no perfect Love where there is audit omnia, ubi amor ibi oculus. Salomon seith, the jelous ere hereth al thing, there as no equality

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is love, there is his eighe. cl425 St. Mary Oignies 146.15: Where love is, there is the eye. al450 God of hefne, that sittest 414.394-5: Ffor wyse men siggeth and sleyre, War is thi love thar is thin eyre. Tilley E233. See E207.

lover and 680 some MSS.: Qui bien aime a tard oublie (Robinson 796). al400 Cursor I 265 Τ 4509-10: But I dar saye god woot ever Who so truly doth foryeteth he nover. cl430 Parliament of Rirds 106[30]: Qui bien ayme tard oublye. Skeat 141.

L559 Where there is httle Love there is little trust L56e He that Loves well chastises well clSOO Greene Carols 346.1: Wher is lytyll love, 1484 Caxton Aesop 85[10-1]: For he that well ther is lytill tryste. loveth, wel he chastyseth, 211[10-1]. Tilley L564. See L564, Yl. L560 Where true Love is it shows cl450 Epistle of Othea 50.7: Where trew love is, L567 If you Love him that loves you not you hytt scheweth; hyt vk'yl nott feyne. lose your love 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 9[27]: If thou L561 Win Love with a pear and lose it for a love hym that lovyth not the thou lesyth thyn pin love. el516 Skelton Magriificence 32.1016-7: With a pere my love you may wynne. And ye may L568 Love me little and long (varied) lese it for a pynne. See C207. alSOO How shall y piece in Archiv 106(1901) 274[13]; Love me lytyll and longe. 1546 HeyLove, vb. wood D 63.62: Love me little, love me long. L562 First to Love (praise) and then to lack Apperson 386; Oxford 391; Tilley L559. (blame) is a shame (varied) cl390 Cato (Vernon) 602.561-4: Thing that L569 Love me love my hound (dog) al500 Jak and his Stepdame 81. var.: In olde thou hast ones preised Be-fore the folk over al. Blame hit not ther-afturward. Beo hit gret or termys it is fownd He, that lovythe me, lovythe smal. cl408 Lydgate Reson 123.4678-83: The my hound And my servaunt also. 1546 Heywood noble sentence of Caton, Which comaundeth, D 93.100: Love me, love my dog, 1555 E 159.85. thus I mene, A man to preysen in A mene, Apperson 386-7; Oxford 391; Taylor and WhitBoth in high and low degre. And by no supering 240; Tilley D496. See L573. fluyte, Lyst after be no lak y-founde. al440 Burgh Cato 29.1011-3: And iff hit happe the L570 Such as you Love such are you like cl450 Consail and Teiching 66.26: Syk as thow in audience An thyng to preyse, be war, that lufis, syk art thow lyk. See C395, L272. thou ne blame It eft ageyn riht in the same presence. cl450 Cato (Sidney) 46.551-4; Thou preise no thing to speciali. But thou it know L57I There I Love there I hold aI393 Gower CA II 15.388-9: And thus the al fulli; For drede, that no lacchenes the take. riht hath no defence. Bot ther 1 love, ther I That thou ne love, that thou did lake. cl475 holde. Rauf 85.87: For first to lofe and syne to lak,

Peter! it is schame. Whiting Scots 1 205. See L572 What one Loves not another does L17, 232, P353. 1546 Heywood D 62.21: That one loveth not, an other doth, which hath sped. Oxford 392; L563 He Loves little that hates for nought Tilley M810. cl440 Charles of Orleans 205.6122-3: He lovith lite als may y wel avise That hatith for nought. L573 Whoso Loves me loves mine cl300 Speculum Gy 17.339-40: For men seith Tilley L347, 016. soth, by wit(te) myne: "Whoso loveth me, he L564 He Loves me well that tells me for my loveth myne." See L569. good 1496 The cyte is bond in Mary D. Harris ed. L574 Lovers desire to have loving The Coventry Uet Rook (EETS 135, 1908) II cl400 Alexander Ruik III 259.5366: For lovers 578[17]: He luffeth me well that telleth me for desyres to have loving. See L273, 576. my goode. See L566. L575 Lovers live by looks cl440 Charles of Orleans 104.3126-7: Parde L565 He that Loves leally forgets late al325 Cursor I 264.4509-10: Bot i dar sai, and folk sayne that lovers lyve by lokis And bi god it wat, "Qua leli luves for-gettes lat (F vnsshis and othir wanton thought. Smith 186; for-getis noght). cl380 Chaucer PF between 679 Tilley L501. See M109.

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362

LS 76

L576 Lovers live by love as larks live by leeks L584 To stand like a Low (Ml) 1546 Heywood D 37.64: Lovers live by love, cl300 Havelok 55.1699: Tho stod Havelok als ye as larkes live by leekes. Apperson 387; Ox- a lowe. ford 393; Tilley L5e9. See L273, 574. L585 As bright as Lucifer L577 No Lover has his ease cl502 Lyfe of Joseph 50.422: Bryghter than cl385 Chaucer Mars 208: But he be fais, no lucyfer in his resplendence. al508 Dunbar lover hath his ese. Goldyn Targe 114.81: Wyth bemys blith, bricht as Lucífera. L578 Though a Lover be found unstable, the forfeit is pardonable L586 As low as Lucifer al450 Partonope 239.6214-5: All-thowe a lover cl400 Plowman's Tale 151.119: As lowe as Lucifer such shal fall, 124. al529 Skelton Garbe fownde unstabell, Yette ys the forfette Parnesche I 127.28: Lothsum as Lucifer lowest in donabell. See G201, L527. helle. L579 Who shall give (a) Lover(s) law? cl380 Chaucer Boece 111 m. xii 52-5: But what L587 As proud as Lucifer is he that may yeven a lawe to loverys? Love cl390 Talkyng 18.26: His pruide passeth lucifer. is a grettere lawe and a strengere to hymself cl400 Plowman's Tale 159.381: They ben as (thanne any lawe that men may yyven), cl385 proude as Lucifer, 173.833. cl400 Office of CT 1[A] 1163-6: Wostow nat wel the olde Curates in Wyclif EW 156[2β]: As proude of Clerkes sawe, That "who shal yeve a lovere any here veyn kunnynge as lucifer. al425 Higdenlawe?" Love is a gretter lawe, by my pan, Than Anon. Cont. VIII 484[36-7]: The seide duke of may be yeve to any erthely man. 1410 Walton Yrlonde enhawnced in pride lyke Lucifer. aI450 Boethius 209[9-10]: Bot who to lovers may a Partonope 404.9740. 1509 Barclay Ship II 59[21]. lawe make. For love is rather to hym-self a Apperson 514; Oxford 521; Taylor and Whiting lawe! al439 Lydgate Fall I 163.5801-3: But it 230-1; Tilley L572. is seid(e) sithen gon ful yore, Ther may no lawe lovers weel constreyne, So inportable is ther L588 To shine like Lucifer dedli peyne. al450 Partonope 354.8709-10: 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 69.1816: As Lucyfer Therfore this is a full olde sawe: Who may give shynyngc. to a lovere lawe? 1532 Berners Golden Boke L589 To reclaim (bring) to (the) Lure 242.4104-6: Do you not knowe that the goddis cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 71-2: Another day he made a lawe over al thingis except on lovers, wole, peraventure, Reclayme thee and brynge bycause they may not abyde it? Apperson 387. thee to lure. cl430 Lydgate Dance 24.207: For See L509, 592. to accounte ye shul be browght to lure, al439 Fall I 60.2166: Fortune koude recleyme hem to L580 Be scarce of your Loving (praise) till it hir lure. al500 Lover and the Advocate of Venus come to proving in Bobbins 171.78: Wel nowe ye be recleymed al400 Cato (Fairfax) in Cursor III 1672.211-3: to the lure, 85-6. al500 PRos La Belle Dame Be scarske of thi loving Til hit come to proving 319.634: They be so wel reclaymed to the lure. Of thi gode frende. Apperson 515; Oxford 522. See H198. See F625, 657, K99. L590 In worldly Lust is little trust L581 As bright as the Low (flame) al420 Lydgate Troy III 874.3563-4: In al cl420 Wyntoun 111 433.3107-8: That is a stem worldly lust. Who loke aright, is but litel trust. withe blessis schyre, Bricht as the law of a L591 Let Lust overgo (conquer) and it will like fyre. (please) you L582 As hot as the Low al200 Ancrene 64.14: Let lust overgan and hit al400 Destruction of Troy 17.494: In a longyng te wule likin, 123.4-5. cl250 Hendyng О 192.8: of love as the lowe bote. Let lust overgon, and eft hit shal the liken. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 49.29: Lete lust overL583 To heat (etc.) like a Low goo and eft it wil the lyke, as the versifiour al400 Destruction of Troy 68.2054: That his seith, 119.7-8. Apperson 502; Kneuer 21-2; harme, as a hote low, het hym with in, 180. Schleich 251-2. 5532: His Ene flammet as . . . a fuerse low, 250.7723: His Ene levenaund with light as a L592 Lust of love exceeds law low fyn. al393 Gower CA III 393.262-3: Bot forto loke

L596

363

of time go. Hou lust of love excedeth lawe. See L509, 579.

Lynx

shrew in all myn kyn. That is from this towne unto lyn. al500 Fraternity 202[5]: None suche a thyssyd lyn.

L593 Lydford law cl405 Mum 16-7.145-7: Now, be the lawe of L596 A Lynx can see through (pierce) (a) stone Lydfford in londe (and) in water Thilke lewde wall(s) ladde oughte evyll to thryve, That hongith on cl385 Usk 76.103-4: And if thyne eyen weren his hippis more than he wynneth. Apperson as good as the lynx, that may seen thorow 388; ΟφτιΙ 364; Tilley L590. See H95, S88. many stone walles. al400 Pricke 16-7.575-7: And der eghen and als bright Als has a best L594 To buy the Lye and drink not of the wine that men Lynx calles, That may se thurgh thik al393 Gower CA II 250.894-5: And thus ful- stane walles. al449 Lydgate Look in MP II often have I boght The lie, and drank noght of 766.42: The Lynx with lookyng percith a stoon the wyn. wal. 1484 Caxton Royal Book G7''[4-5]: Who myght see as olere as a beest that is callyd a L595 From this town to (On this side) Lynn al460 Towneley Plays 283.154-5: I am the most lynx, whyche seeth thorugh oute a walle.

M M l Madge (Margery) (the) good cow cl425 Hoccleve lonathas 217.38-40: Lest Wommen un-to Magge, the good kow, Me likne and thus seye "o, beholde and see The double man." 1546 Heywood D 87.249-50: Margery good coowe . . . gave a good meele, But than she cast it downe again with hir heele. Apperson 403; Oxford 115; Tilley Μ661.

grave Katharine 19.37,161.1334: Lete mekenesse dwelle with suche a freshe may. c l 4 5 0 Idley 102.1298: But (be) meke and gentili as a mayde childe, 137.1821: Meke as a maye. 1456 Prinœs most excellent in Mary D. Harris ed. Coventry Leet Book (EETS 135, 1908) II 288[16]: Mekely as a maydyn my langage wyll I make. cI470 Wallace 295.1937:a. Whiting Scots II 94.

M7 As shamefast as a Maid M2 To draw as the Magnet does iron al500 English Conquest 27[l-2]: A man . . . 1447 Bokenham 13.459-60: He had more seyn shamefaste as a mayd. wych his herte drow As the magnet doth iryn. M8 As still as a (any) Maid M3 As black as Mahound (Mohammed) c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2-3: Ye ryde as . . . al350 Seege of Troye 107.1350: His body was stille as dooth a mayde Were newe spoused, blak as Mahoun. sittynge at the bord. aI425 Mirk Instructions M4 As courteous(ly) as a (any) Maid 24.783: But syt thou stylle as any mayde. 1509 cl390 Chaucer CT VII 444-5[В1635-6]: He Fyftene Joy es E4(for 3)''[5]: As styll he is and sayde. As curteisly as it had been a mayde. muet as a mayde. Svartengren 177: mute. al400 Arthur 2.41: As courteys as any Mayde. cl477 Caxton Jason 75.9-10: The yong knight M9 As sweet as any Maid aI500 Partenay 214.6242: He is more suetter whiche was fayr and curtois as a mayde. then is any maide. M5 As coy (quiet) as a Maid cl386 Chaucer LGW 1548: And Jason is as coy MIO A Maid in hall, a lion in the field 1464 Hardyng 334[10-2]: As a mayde in halle as is a mayde, cl395 CT IV[E] 2-3: Ye ryde as of gentilnesse. And in all other places sonne to coy . . . as dooth a mayde Were newe spoused, rethorike. And in the felde a lyon Marmorike. sittynge at the bord. See L38. Мб As meek(ly) as (a) Maid(en) (may) 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 69: And of his port M i l A Maid should be seen and not heard al415 Mirk Festial 230.1-2: For hyt ys an old as meeke as is a mayde, c l 3 9 0 I[A] 3202: And Englysch sawe: "A mayde schuld be seen, but lyk a mayden meke for to see. al400 Destruction of Troy 6.130: As meke as a Mayden, and not herd." Apperson 96:10, 391; Oxford 92-3; Taylor and Whiting 68; Tilley M45. mery of his wordis, 122.3745: Meke as a maiden, mery with all, 126.3892: But ay meke as a maydon, and mylde of his speche. c l 4 0 0 Cleges M12 There are (no) more Maids than Malkin 1546 Heywood D 43.62: There was no mo 38.21: Meke as meyd was he. cl408 Lydgate maydes but malkyn tho, 1555 E 174.159: There Reson 96.3650. al430 St. John in Horstmann be mo maydes then Malkyn. Apperson 427; Legenden 1881 468.57: Thou was methe and Oxford 397; Tilley M39. meke, as maydene for mylde. al445 Carl 114.4: He was as meke as mayde in bour. c l 4 5 0 Cap- M13 As bashful as a Maiden 364

Μ2β

365

Malt

clSOO Three Kings' Sons 23.8: As basshfull as a M21 Maidenhood without the love of God is like a lamp without oil (varied) mayden. Svartengren 67. 1340 Ayenbite 233[4-5]: Vor maydenhod wythM14 As pure as a Maiden oute the love of god is ase the lompe wythalSOO Medwall Nature B2^[23]: Gyltles of syn oute oyle. al376 Piers A i 162-3: Chastite and as a mayden pure. withouten charité . . . Is as lewed as a laumpe that no liht is inne. cl400 Vices and Virtues M15 As sober as a Maiden 257.35-258.2: For virginité with-oute the love al400 Alexander С 231.4266: And thar-to of God is right as the laumpe vdth-oute oile. sufflrand oure-selfe and sobire as a mayden. Skeat 43-4. M16 Maidens are lovely and nothing sicker M22 Not avail the value of a Mail (halfpence) (secure) (varied) cl421 Lydgate Thebes 167.4075-6: For nouther cl425 Good Wife H 171.184: Maydenys ben force nor manhode may availle In swiche meslovelich and nothing sekir, cl450 L 202.189-90: chief the valewe of a maylle. Maydens ben fair and amyable. But of her love ful unstable, cl500 Τ 209.194-5: Maydonys be M23 Maintainers are partners of the sinning 1436 Libelle 33.651: But maynteners ar parteners lovely. But to kepe they be untrusty. of the synnynge. See T70, 74. M17 Maidens move (change) their minds al400 Destruction of Troy 324.9950-1: Oft ho M24 Make and (or) mar waixet hir wit and hir wille chaunget. And 1469 Paston V 41[15-6]: For thys mater is to all usse eyther makyng or marryng. al475 mevyt hir mynd, as maydons done yet. Cf. Assembly of Gods 17.556: And so dyd Neptunus, Tilley W673, 674. that dothe bothe make and marre. cl497 MedM18 Maidens should laugh softly that men hear wall Fulgens B2'"[16]: The mariage utterly to mare or to make. cl516 Skelton Magnificence them not al500 Good Wife N 211.47-8: Maydens should 33.1037-9: All that 1 make forthwith 1 marre; laugh softlye That men here not they bee. See . . . I make on the one day, and I marre on the other, 1522 Why Come II 49.730: To make note, p. 231. all or to mar. cl545 Heywood Four PP Bl^il?]: M19 What has become of those mild Maidens? For when they wolde make it, ofte tymes marre al500 Devyce proves in Bannatyne IV 34.6-7: it, 1555 E 152.39: Make or mar, 1556 Spider Quhair ar becum thir madynis myld as mude? 113[13-4]: or, 219[10]: to make or to mar. Of thir wyvis ar non now fundin gude. Whiting Oxford 399; Tilley M48. Scots II 94. M25 If one hides his Malady there can be no M20 Maidenhead (Virginity) once lost can never medicine be found (varied) al393 Cower CA II 40.164-7: Sehe seide, "Tell cI200 Hali Meidenhad 14.131-2: Meithhad is thi maladie: What is thi Sor of which thou thet trésor, thet, beo hit eanes forloren, ne bith pleignest? Ne hyd it noght, for if thou feignest, hit neaver ifunden. cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] I can do the no medicine." See L173, S503. 29-31: It wol nat come agayn, withouten drede, Namoore than wole Malkynes maydenhede. M26 The Malice of a woman passes the malice Whan she hath lost it in hir wantownesse, of a man X[I] 871: For certes, namoore may maydenhede cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xxv 17 gloss: So the be restoored than an arm that is smyten fro the malice of a womman passith al the malice of a body may retourne agayn to wexe. al393 Cower man, 26: Al malice is schort on the malice of a CA III 100.5646-9: And thus this tirant there womman; the parte of synner is falle on hir. Beraft hire such thing as men sein Mai nevereSee W545. mor be yolde ayein. And that was the virginité, M27 Some get Malice for the good they lend 116.6208-11: To kepe hire maidenhede w h i t . . . 1509 Barclay Ship I 134[13-4]: Yet some get That no lif mai restore ayein. al439 Lydgate malyce for that gode that they len And where Fall II 367.1399-1400: Nor never in story they lent twenty gladly taketh ten. See G341. nouther rad nor seyn, That maidenhed lost recurid was ageyn. al470 Malory II 961.14-5: M28 Malt is above wheat with him And shall lose hir virginité which she shall 1546 Heywood D 41.17-8: Sixe daies in the weeke never gete agayne. See E70, K94, N13, T186. beside the market daie. Malt is above wheate

Malvern

Hills

366

with him, market men saie, 1562 E 245.94.7-8: Looke where so ever malte is above wheate. There in shotte ever drinke is above meate. Apperson 393; Oxford 400; Tilley M58.

M29 they happen to saye suche trouthes as the blynde man caste the staf. 1546 Heywood D 96.189-90: Ye cast and conjecture this muche like in show. As the blind man casts his staffe, or shootes the crow. Apperson 54:8; Oxford 51; Serlo 186.2; Tilley M74. Cf. Whiting Drama 255. See A177.

M29 To live the age of Malvern Hills cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 37.156: For and yf I lyff the age of malvomn hyllys I shall yelde hym M37 As a blind Man starts a hare a foole styll. Cf. Apperson 393, 466:11; Taylor cl380 Chaucer HF 680-1; That ben betyd, no and Whiting 183. man wot why. But as a blynd man stert an hare. Apperson 54:7, 286:8; Jente 343; Oxford 51; Skeat M30 All Men are not of one condition 208; Tilley M81. cl450 La Tour-Landry 176-7: For al men ben not on one condycion, ne of one manere; for M38 As Man lives longer his doom becomes that thynge whiche pleseth to one is dyspleasyng stronger to the other. See G104. al300 Trinity College Cambridge MS. 323 f.46a in M. R. James Catalogue (Cambridge, 1900) M31 All Men are not true I 444: Eveir asse mon livit lengore. So is dom al500 Hill 129.28: It is comenly said, that all iwrt strengore. men be not trew. Tilley M503. M39 As Men deserve they receive their guerdon M32 All Men flee the death (varied) cl375 Barbour Bruce I 211.90: For all men (varied) fleis the ded rieht fayn. 1525 Berners Froissart al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP Π 578.344: As men V 432[20]: Every man is lothe to dye. See DUO. deserve, they receve theyr guerdon, 579.367: As men deserve, reporte yeveth theym theyr M33 All Men that speak of the fire of love know lawde. cl450 Bi a forest in Fumivall Hymns not what it is 96.21: As y deserve, so schal y have. See H185. al396(1494) Hilton Scale C5''[26-7]: Al men that speke of the fire of love knowen not wel M40 As sicker as Men eat bread al500 Medicines in Brown Lyrics XV 274.59: what it is. See R156. And els, as seker as men etyth brede. M34 Although a Man is wise yet the wisdom of twelve is more M41 As soon dies a young Man as an old al393 Gower CA II 8-9.157-8: Althogh a man (varied) be wys himselve, Yit is the wisdom more of cl430 Lydgate Dance 70.592: As sone dyeth a tuelve. yonge man as an olde. al440 Burgh Cato 31.1097: And as the old so deye the yonge M35 Another Man's arse is a murk mirror a-monge. al450 Gesta 364[10]: Alse sone deyeth (varied) the yong as the olde. cl450 Alphabet I 148.18-9: cl475 Henryson Sum Practysis 160.90: It is ane Als sone dyes a yong man as ane olde man. mirk mirrour Ane uthir manis erss. 1513 Douglas 1483 Caxton Cato Dl''[23-4]: For assone deyeth Aeneid III 121.135: To me is myrk myrrour ilk yonge as olde, I6'[6], 1489 Doctrinal L7''[3-4]. mannys menyng. Whiting Scots I 132. Cf. Tilley Apperson 588; Whiting Drama 184. See D98, M991. See Μ22β, 580. M204, 385, S209. M36 As a blind Man casts his staff (varied) M42 As soon is the great Man slain as the little cl384 Wyclif Church and her Members in SEW man III 349[22-4]: And sith thei witen not who is beterid by entryng into thes ordris, thei doon cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1666-7[В2856-7]: And as a blynd man castith his staf, to brynge ony by cause that in batailles fallen manye perils, to ther ordre. al393 Gower CA II 416.534-7: and happeth outher while that as soone is the Therof the Jelous takth non hiede. Bot as a man grete man slayn as the litel man. See K49. to love unkinde. He cast his staf, as doth the M43 The avaricious Man lacks the good that he blinde. And flnt defaulte where is non. al400 has as well as that he has not Wyclif Sermons Π 230[33-4]: And yf it sue ony cl395 WBible Prefatory Epistles of St. Jerome tyme, it fallith as a blynd man castith his staf. I 75[l-3]: For it is an old sothsawe, to the cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.25-6: So kastis the avarouse man as well lackith the good that he blynde man his staffe. So smytis he that may hath, as that he hath not. 1489 Caxton Doctrinot see. al470 Parker Dives C8''[2.1-3]: Somtyme nal G8''[14-6]: For the scripture saith that al

/И56

367

so wel lacketh to the riche avaricious that whiche he hatha, as that whiche he hath not. Smith 201. M44 The avaricious Man's heir wastes his property c735 Beowulf 1753-7: Hit on endestasf eft gehmpeö, {)®t se lichoma laene gedreoseö, Fsege gefealleS; fehÖ о^)ег to, Se }>е unmurnHce madmas deelej), Eorles aergestreon, egesan ne gymeS. See G333. M45 Be a Man never so good yet may he have a fall al470 Malory II 516.3-4: Here may a man preve, be he never so good yet may he have a falle. See A179, S671.

A4 an . . . lacketh light to deeme colouris. cI450 Rylands MS.394 93.31: Blynde men demyn no colouris. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 122.3-4: I am as ООП born blinde that disputeth in colours. cl480 Contemplacioun 234.1368: As blynd men blunderand of colouris to dispute. cl500 King Hart 109.18: To by rieht blew, that nevir ane hew had sene! 1528 More Heresyes 134 D - H : (A feigned miracle is exposed when a man who claimed to have been bom blind could suddenly distinguish colors), 1534 Comforte 1259 ВС: Those . . . are yet in a maner as farre therefro, as the borne blynd man, fro the right ymaginacion of colours. 1546 Heywood D 77.229: But blinde men should judge no colours, 1555 E 166.122. Apperson 54; Oxford 51; Skeat 157; Tilley M80; Whiting Scote 1 140. See M132.

M46 Because the blind Man halts he thinks all men do the same M51 A blind Man may see (that) cl515 Barclay Eclogues 158.509-10: Because 1562 Heywood E 197.298: A blynde man may the blinde man halteth and is lame. In minde see our fare as well as wee. Tilley M82. See he thinketh that all men do the same. H629.

M47 Best for a Man to apply (himself to) the M52 A covetous Man has no rest business that he can (knows) 1450 Diets 272.6-7: A covetous man hathe noo cl503 More Early Poems [1] AB: Wyse man reste, ne a covetous man may not be riche. alway, Affyrme and say. That best is for a man Diligently For to apply The business that he M53 A covetous Man never has enough (varied) can. And in no wyse. To enterpryse An other cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 429.898-900; With faculte. For he that wyll, and can no skyll. Is covetise he was so set alîyre, . . . The mor he never lyke to the. Cf. Tilley C480. See R54. gadred, the mor he doth desire, al439 Fall II 433.3732-3: Ther may no tresour ther dropesie M48 Better be an old Man's darling than a weel staunche; The mor thei drynke the mor young man's warling thei thruste in deede. al450 Castle 92.504-6: He 1546 Heywood D 82.82-3: It is better to be muste nedys, ovyr al thynge, Evere-more be An olde mans derlyng, then a yong mans wer- covetowse: Non est in mundo dives, qui dicit lyng. Apperson 464; NED Warling; Oxford 38; "habundo." al470 Parker Dives A4''[2.9-10]: For Tilley M444-5. as I sayd Ecclesiastes the .v. ca. The nygarde M49 Better is one Man dead than all folk lost hath never ynough, cl515 Barclay Eclogues 48.1288: For covetous with coyne be never (two) cl300 Cayphas in Rei. Ant. II 241[22-4]: Hit saciate. Tilley M88, N163; Whiting Drama 242, com to sothe that ich tho seyde, Betere hit 247, Scots II 153. See C115, G449, W713. were that о man deyde. Than al volk were M54 Dead Men in ground may be afeared of y-lore. al400 Ipomadon A 129.4485: For better you is 00 man dede, then tow. cl350 Libeaus 14. var. 216·»-' : Theo dede men M50 The blind Man cannot judge in hues in grounde Of the aferd may beo. Cf. Tilley M436. (deems no colors) (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC ii 21: A blynd man kan nat M55 Dead Men often times make peace juggen wel in hewis. al393 Cower CA III al533 Berners Arthur 387[24-5]: Oftentymes 15.2489-90: The blinde man no colour demeth, deed men maketh peas. But al is on, riht as him semeth. (Margin: Cecus non judicat de coloribus.) cl412 Hoc- M56 Dead Men tell no tales cleve Regement 36.994: The blynde man of al470 Malory II 465.24-5: And som of the beste coloures al wrong deemeth (Margin: Cecus non of hem (dead men) woll telle no talys. Apperson judica [de coloribus; et nota hic de scriptori- 138; Oxford 132; Taylor and Whiting 234:8; bus]). с 1425 Orcherd 330.19-20: A blynd man Tilley M511.

Man

368

M57 Deem no Man gentle but only by his deeds al439 Lydgate Fall III 709.1294-5: In hih(e) berthe, mene, or louh kynreede, Deeme no man gentil, but onli bi his deede. See G46. M58 Deem no Man till you know him al449 Lydgate Say the Best in MP II 796.47: And deme no man till thou him know. See F625, M270. M59 Do, Man, for yourself while you have space (varied) cl380 Brinton Sermons II 486[13-6]: Sed post mortem quid erit de cumulis per tales naballes et nigardos iniustissime congregatis? Certe per uxores, heredes, et executores deprimentur et ineorum usus proprios redigerentur. Die quomodo, et sic farwel Jacke, et cetera. 1435 Epitaph in Thomas F. Ravenshaw Antiente Epitaphes (London, 1878) 9[9-12]: Man, yt behoveth ofte to have in mynde, that thow gevest with thyn honde, that shalt Thow fynde, Ffor women ben slowfull and chyldren beth unkynde, Executors beth covetous and kepe all that they fynde. al450 Audelay 19.257-9: Do fore youreself or ye gone; Trust not to an other mon Ellus med of God get ye non. aI450 Castle 166.2996-7: Now, good men, takythe example at mei Do for youre self, whyl ye han spase! cl450 Lambeth MS.259 in M. R. James and C. Jenkins Descriptive Catalogue (Cambridge, 1930-2) 405: Do sum gode, man, in the lyve qwell thu hast the mynd; Thi chylder woll forgete the sone, the wyf woll wax unkynd. Ffor yf thu well not wen thu may, thay well breng the be hend. Exsecutorys bene full covytus, tha take all at tha fynd. cl450 Tile at Great Malvern in M. R. James Abbeys (London, 1926) 78: Thenke, man, thi life Mai not ever endure. That thou dost thi self Of that thou art sure. But that thou kepist Unto thi sectur cure. And ever hit availe thee, Hit is but aventure. 1489 Caxton Doctrinal G8^[21-2]: Whylles that ye be maister and owner, doo for your self. cl490 Ryman 254.7: Do for thy self, while thou art here; For, whenne thou art layde in thy grave, Though that thy soule did brenne in fere. Yet frendes fewe thenne shuldest thou have: They that to the shulde be moost dere, Wille sey, of thyne nothing they have. alSOO Colkelbie 304.254-6: Spend with wirchep and spair nocht godis gud How littill wat thow ane udir tyme quho may Bruk thy wyfe and baggis eftir thy day. al500 Harley MS.3038 in Rei. Ant. I 314: Do mon for thiselffe, Wyl thou art alyve; For he that dose after thu dethe, God let him never thryve. Quod Tucket. Da tua, dum tua sunt. Post mortem tunc tua non

M57 sunt. Wyse mon if thou art, of thi god Take part or thou hense wynde; For if thou leve thi part in thi secaturs ward, Thi part non part at last end. Too secuturs and an overseere make thre theves. alSOO Huntman Mus. MS.230 175: Man on the molde, have this in mynde. That thowe Soyth here, that salt thou fynd. Wemen ben laches. And chyldren on kynd, Servirs cum after and Так qwat they fynd. al500 Man, be war in T. Wright Songs and Carols (PS 23, 1848) 34[9-12]: Man, have this in thi mynd. What thow doest with thyn hond, that shal thou fynd. Wyves be rekeles, chyldren be onkynd, Excecuturs be covetys and hold that thai fynd. cl500 Epitaph in John Weever Ancient Funerali Monuments (London, 1631) 413: Man, the behovyth oft to have this in mynd. That thou geveth wyth thin hond that sail thow fynd. For wydowes be sloful, and chyldren beth unkynd. Executors be covetos, and kep al that they fynd. Apperson 155, 654, 698:47; Robbins-Cutler 1820; Tilley M422, W700; Walther I 591.4861. See D275, E38, 201.

M60 A drunken Man is likened to a wood (mad) man al450 Myne awen dere 177.889-90: A dronken man, I tell the this. Till a wode man likenyd is. M61 Each Man chooses like (after) his opinion al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 573.200: Yche man cheseth lyke hys opinion. M62 Each Man follows his condition al439 Lydgate Fall I 133.4770: And ech man folweth his condicioun. See M70. M63 Each Man had liefer do better to himself than to another cl520 Terens B4''[14-6]: The comen proverbe is a trew sayng, That ych man had lever to hym self do better. Than to an other. (Omnes sibi melius esse male quam alteri.) Walther III 596.19922. See B513, C153, M73, N85. M64 Each Man meets his match (varied) cl400 Beryn 4.83: Lo! howe the clowdis worchyn, ech man to mete his mach! al475 Seege of Troye 203 H 1612gh: Ther is noman soo stronge of kynde But he may his make fynde. (The Beryn quote seems to mean: Jack has his Jill.) See F447, G382, K6, M416. M65 Each Man must have a beginning, for the fair lasts but a while cl450 Idley 151.2687-90: Somme lye also as chepmen do for wynnyng; Many a true man they sligelie begile. Eche man, they sey, must

M8Ì

Man

369

have a begynnyng, Ffor the feire lasteth but a while.

Taylor and Whiting 234-5; Tilley M112, 113; Whiting Drama 114. See M66, 116.

M66 Each Man must speak for himself M 74 Every Man has his guise cl300 South English Legendary II 627.526: Ech1483 Vulgaria quidam abs Terencio man mot spelee for him sulve. See M73. Every man hat(h) his guyse. See M70.

Q3''[8]:

M67 Each Man rejoices to do such thing to M75 Every Man is lightly (easily) inclined to his which he is disposed own desire al439 Lydgate Fall II 434.3786-7; Ech man cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1283[В2473]: How lightly rejoyssheth (this sentence is nat glosid) To doon is every man enclined to his owene desir and swich thyng to whiche he (is) disposid. See to his owene plesaunce! Oxford 32: Believe M75, 121. what. See M67, 121. M68 An envious Man waxes lean M76 Every Man is woe when he shall forgo cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective (lose) a good friend 309[20]: A envyows man wexit lene. Apperson cl300 Guyi 230.4003-4: Everich man is swithe 185; Smith 81; Tilley M96. wo When he schal a gode frende for-go. M69 Every false Man has a make (mate) M77 Every Man may not have his list (desire) 1402 Hoccleve LeUer of Cupid 74.57-8: And for al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.89: Every man that every fais man hath a make, (As un-to may not have his lyst. every wight is lyght to knowe). See T73. M78 Every Man may not sit in the chair M70 Every Man after his manner (fashion) 1546 Heywood D 55.5: Every man may not syt cl522 Skelton Speke II 6.92-3: Every man after in the chayre. Apperson 7; Oxford 8; Tilley his maner of wayes, Pawbe une aruer, so the M107. Welche man sayes. 1546 Heywood D 48.228; M79 Every Man shall (must) bear his own works Every man after his fassion. Apperson 191 al393 Cower CA II 18.491-2: For every man Oxford 179; Tilley M100. Skelton Notes II 341 hise oghne werkes Schal bere. "Either Paub un arver, Every one his manner or Paub yn ei arver, Every one in his manner.' M80 Every Man shall do divers gins (tricks) to See M62, 74. slay his foe (varied) al300 Alisaunder 225.4010-1: Every man to M71 Every Man as he loves, quoth the goodman, sien his foo Dyvers gynne so shal do. cl300 when he kissed his cow Guy^ 301 A 5531-2: Man schal ben awreken of 1546 Heywood D 60.54-5: And in this case his fo In what maner he may com to, 350 A every man as he loveth Quoth the good man, 6555-6: Ich man schal his might don. For to whan that he kyst his coowe. Apperson 191-2; awreke him of his fon. al475 Guy^ 149.5217-8: Oxford 178; Taylor and Whiting 235; Tilley Man schulde preve in all wyse To venge them M101, 103; Whiting Drama 214-5. on ther enmyse. 1523 Berners Froissart II M72 Every Man can rule a shrew, save he that 41[27-8]: For alwayes by right of armes a man ought to greve his ennemy, 1525 V 3-4: A man has her 1546 Heywood D 78.18: Every man can rule a ought to take his ennemy whersoever he fynde shrewe, save he that hath her. Apperson 568; hym. Oxford 551; Tilley M106. M81 Every Man should feed the good (varied) al300 Alisaunder 65.1127-8: Wei is the moder M73 Every (Each) Man for himself (varied) cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1181-2: And therfore, that may forth fede Childe that helpeth hire at at the kynges court, ray brother, Ech man for nede. cl300 Havelok 55.1693: Wei is him that hymself, ther is noon oother. 1478 Paston V god man fedes. al350 Isumbras 50.635-6: And 322[32]: For ther is every man for hym selff. sayd: My palmere es strange enoghe: He is 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 113.125: Every man worthi to fede. cl400 Alexander Buik I 82.2597for hym self, as he best mycht. cl515 Barclay 9: To nureis gude men and worthy Men sould Eclogues 36.1009: Eche man for him selfe, and thame preis ay idantly. For it is proffeit and the frende (Pfiend) for all. cl520 Terens C3''[4-5]: honour, 100.3151-2: It is gude thing, suthlie. Every man Is for hym self. 1546 Heywood D To nurris gude men and wourthy. cl450 Merlin 96.203: Every man for him selfe, and god for us I 26[2-3]: He (that) ought doth for a gode man, all, 1555 E 161.96. Apperson 189; Oxford 178; lesith not his traveyle. al500 Guy^ 217.7229-30:

Man

370

Μθ2

Every man should the good feede: They may M90 Give not a Man in frenzy a sword or knife {varied) ever helpe at neede. Oxford 700. al400 WycUf Sermons I 26[ll-2]: For what man M82 Every Man shows by his works whose child wolde bi resoun, kepyng a man in frenesie, gyve he is him a swerd or a knyf bi which he wolde slee cl382 Wyclif De Pontificum in SEW III 249[18himsilf? 1422 Yonge Govemaunce 167.36-8: 20]: Ffor every man . . . and specially prelatis, The Powere of a prynce that is not ryghtfull schewen bi her werkis whos children thei beth. demenyt, ys lykenyd to a sharpe Swerde in a See A169, K30, T465. wodemanys honde. 1522 Skelton Why Come II M83 Every wise Man dreads his enemy 44.575-81: Now frantick, now starke wode. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1316[В2506]: For every Shulde this man of suche mode Rule the swerde wys man dredeth his enemy. of myght, How can he do ryght? For he wyll as sone smyght His frende as his fo: A proverbe M84 An evil Man will take vengeance and on longe ago. 1546 Heywood D 88.12: 111 puttyng himself falls the scathe {harm) cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes {Ver- a nakt swoord in a mad mans hande. Apperson non) 312.235-8: That ofte we seo falle such 325; Oxford 442; Smith 324; Tilley L156, P669; chaunce Ther an uvei mon wol take venjaunce Whiting Drama 118. See H571. Of mon with whom he is wrathe. And on him M91 A good Man is never in danger but when self falleth al the scathe. Cf. Tilley M89. See he is in the danger of a coward D22. al470 Malory III 1126.4-6: But hyt ys an olde. seyde saw: "A good man ys never in daungere M85 Fele {many) Men may pass where they find but whan he ys in the daungere of a cowhard." no peril, etc. Apperson 260; Tilley M150. See C509. cl470 Wallace 246.335-6: Feill men may pass, quhar thai fynd na pareil; Rycht few may kep, M92 A good Man makes a good wife cl450 Idley 102.1246: Ever a good man maketh quhar nayn is to assaill. a good wyffe. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus Μ8β For a Man to strive with a stronger man 12[25-6]: Of a good man cometh a good wyf. than himself is a woodness {madness), etc. Apperson 259; Oxford 253; Tilley H831. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1481-3[В2671-3]: Forthermoore, ye knowen wel that after the comune M93 Good Men draw together and every fool sawe, "it is a woodnesse a man to stryve with to his fellow a strenger or a moore myghty man than he al400 Titus 208-9.4625-8: As in proverbes is hymself; and for to stryve with a man of {var. the prophecye) it is ytolde, Bothe of zonge evene strengthe, that is to seyn, with as strong and of oolde. The gode men togedre thei drawe, a man as he is, it is peril; and for to stryve And every fool {var. shrew) to his felawe. See with a weyker man, it is folie." Seneca De Ira L272. ii 34.1 {Moral Essays, trans. John W. Basore, M94 Great Men for taking are set full famous Loeb Classical Library, Ц1928] 242). at the Session and poor takers are hanged high M87 A forsworn Man shall never have manship al513 Dunbar Of Discretioun in Tofctng 36.46-8: {courage) long (never speed) Grit men for taking and oppressioun Ar sett cl300 Lawman I 177 В 4148-9: Ne mai nevere full famous at the Sessioun, And peur takaris ar for-swore man, Mansipe leng oghe. cl300 Amis hangit hie. See T68. 48.1102: And forsworn man schal never spede. M95 A guilty Man behooves {needs) mercy See F500. cl025 Durham Proverbs 13.24: Forworht mann M88 The fous {ready [for death]) Man must frijîes behofaö. Reus propitiatione indiget. go, the fey man die M96 Happy Man happy dole c900 Maxims in Exeter Book 157.27: Fus sceall 1546 Heywood D 23.54: Happy man happy feran, faege sweltan. See D90. dole, 1555 E 195.284, 1556 Spider 102[28]. ApM89 The friendless Man is loath for his mis- person 284; Oxford 277; Tilley M158. M97 Hasty Man wants (lacks, fails) never care fortunes a800 Fortunes of Men in Exeter Book 154.31-2: (sorrow, woe) LaS bi6 œghwaer Fore his wonsceaftum wine- cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1567-8: Beth naught to hastif in this hoote fare; For hastif man ne leas hsele. See H141, M312.

M108

371

wanteth nevere саге. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.125-6: Hasty man lackythe no sorow: But he have to day, he shal to morow. al449 Lydgate Haste in MP II 759.9: The hasti man ffayleth never woo. 1449 Metham 36.966-7: But trwe that proverbe than prevyd so. That overhasty man wantyd never woo. cl450 Epistle of Othea 78.10: For an hasty man wanteth never woo. cl450 Greene Carols 338.1 and refrain: Sith hasty man lakked never woo. cl450 Idley 84.238: Ffor an hasty man wanteth never woo. al475 Banester Guiscardo 34.559-60: Vherfor it hath be spokyn afome agoo: "Ane hasty creature {var. man) never wanteth woo." cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 117.7: A hasty man lackyth never owye. cl477 Norton Ordinali 30[30]: That a hasty man shall never faile of woe. cl485 Guiscardo 66.482-3: Remembre the proverbe, seying of long ago: "A cruell hasty man wanteth never wo." cl495 Arundel Bulgaria 60.257: My father wamyde me . . . sayng many a tyme that comyn poynt, "an hasty man lakkith never wo." al500 Counsels in Brovm Lyrics XV 283.17-8: I have harde sungone wyth a harpe. That haste men sholde wante no woo. al500 Hill 129.41: Hasti man lakkith newer woo. cl500 Order of Shoting in Retrospective Review 1(1853) 206[5-6]: Ye have hard say, and I have hard the same, An hasty man ful sildam wanteth wo. 1546 Heywood D 21.46: The hasty man never wanteth wo, 1555 E 147.3.1. Apperson 289; Oxford 282; Tilley M159; Whiting Scots II 94. See H162.

Mon

MlOl He that does what no Man does all men wonder on him cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 48.400-4: A proverbe that he (St. Bernard) riht wel couthe, He wolde sey on this manere. As ye mowe nouthe ihere: "He that doth that doth no man. On him wondreth uche mon than." Qui hoc facit quod nemo, mirantur omnes. al387 HigdenTrevisa VIII 19[4-6]: That proverbe is ofte had in his (Bernard's) mouth and alwey in his herte, "Alle men wondreth of hym that doth as noon other dooth." 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 239^'[l-2]: He (Bernard) hadde in his herte alwaye this proverbe and ofte sayde it, who doth that noman doth alle men wondre on hym: Apperson 395:35. Cf. Tilley M511. See D273. M102 He that goes with wise Men shall be wise с 1395 WBihle Proverbs xiii 20: He that goith with wiis men, schal be wiis; the freend of foolis schal be maad liik hem. Jente 230. M103 He that kills a Man when he is drunk shall be hanged when he is sober 1549 Heywood Ό 39.153-4: He that kylth a man, whan he is dronke . . . Shalbe hangd when he is sobre. Apperson 340; Oxford 335; Tilley M175. See D421, S374, 694.

M104 He that serves a common Man serves by short process of time al456 Shirley Death of James 9[12-3]; He that serveth a comon mane, he serveth by short procese of tyme. (The speaker had incorrectly thought to have the support of his fellow noM98 Hasty Men are oft outrayed (vanquished) bles.) See C391. when their tongues are too prest (prompt) M105 He that will kill a Man for a mess of cl390 Suffer in Time in Brown Lyrícs XIV mustard will kill ten for a custard 202.65-6: Hasti men ben ofte outrayede Whon 1555 Heywood E 183.207: He will kill a man heore tonges ben to preste. for a messe of mustard He will kill ten men then for a custard. Tilley M180. M99 Hasty Men soon slain al500 How shall y piece in Archiv 106(1901) M106 He was a Man: let him go 274[12]: An old seyd saw, hasty men sone slayn. cl450 Greene Carols 392.5: And quan I have non in myn purs, Peny bet ne репу wers, Of See H162, M146. me thei holdyn but lytil fors: "He was a man; MlOO He is highest among Men who recks never let hym goo." who has the world in hand M107 Holy Men should deem angels aI387 Higden-Trevisa V 27[13-5]: Among his clOOO Aelfric Lives II 294.1213-4: Jsœt se cwyde (Ptoleomaeus') proverbis... He is higheste among mihte beon on Martine ge-fylled {jaet halige men that reccheth nevere who hath the world menn sceolon englum deman. Cf. Chaucer TC ii on honde. cI395 Chaucer CT III[D] 324-7: The 894-5. wise astrologien, Daun Ptholome, That seith this proverbe in his Almageste: "Of alle men M108 A hundred Men may see a man yet not his wysdom is the hyeste That rekketh nevere one know his will who hath the world in honde." Oxford 535; al400 Ipomadon A 16.489-90: A hundyrd men Skeat 265. See L444. may a man se. Yet wott not one his wille.

Man

372

M109

M109 Hungry Men may not live on looks M116 Ilk Man is most holden (bound) to save cl475 Henryson Fables 6.104: For houngrie himself men may not leve on lukis. Cf. Apperson 394:7. cl340 Rolle Psalter 432 (118.145): For ilk man is See L575. maste haldyn to safe him selfe. See M63, 73. MllO The idle Man excuses him in winter be- M117 In old Men is children's wit (will) (varied) cause of the great cold, etc. cl390 Cato (Vernon) 600.541-2: In old mon is cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1593[В2783]: For ther is childes wit, Soth thou schalt hit fynde. al400 a versifiour seith that "the ydel man excuseth Cato (Ce onbere eallum hire mihtum and maegenum. al300 Thrush in Brown Lyrics XIII 104.89: M532 As still as Midnight 1513 More Richard 64 D[6-7]: Al was as styl That ihesu crist yaf might and main. cl300 Body and Soul (L) 63.579: And kesten it with as the midnight. Taylor and Whiting 242. m y ^ t and mayn. cl350 Als y yod in T. Wright Langtoft (RS 47, 1868) II 454[22]: And so mikel M533 Do after Might and not after will al500 Salomon sat and sayde 291.15: Ffor the of mithe and mayne. al400 Or Crist into cioudes behowys do efter myth and noght eftyr wyll. in PMLA 70(1955) 222.111: With myght and with mayne thou carpe of thi crede. al400 Stanzaic Life 32.932: Merveiles to meve with M534 Might is (overcomes) right (varied) cl330 On the King's Breaking his Confirmation mayn and myght, 35.1051: Jewes haden never of Magna Charta in Wright Political Songs myght ne mayn. cl400 Túndale 26.467. cl420 254[13-8]: For might is riht, Liht is night, And Page Siege 145.208. cl420 Wyntoun II 83.964, fiht is fliht. For miht is riht, the lond is lawe- III 331.1678. al425 Chester Plays I 106.39, les; For niht is liht, the lond is loreles; For fiht 203.462, 211.163: I have mayne and mighte, is fliht, the lond is ñámeles. 1381 Jack Milner 214.247, II 307.650: Marrs my mynd, mayne and in Knighton II 139[2-6]: With ryght and with might, 308.669: mayne and might, 339.204: myght, with skyl and with wylle, lat myght mayn and might. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 143.5011, 13.6089, 51.7455: Then dyde he all helpe ryght, and skyl go before wille and ryght before myght, than goth oure mylne aryght. his mayn and myght, 60.7777, 59.11509. al450 And if myght go before ryght, and wylle before Death and Life 15.442. al450 Myne awen dere 155.208. al450 St Editha 98.4412: With alle skylle; than is oure mylne mys adyght. 1381 John Ball in Knighton II 139[29-30]: Nowe herre mayne and alle herre myght. al450 Spalding Katherine 158 xiv 12. cl450 St. ryght and myght, wylle and skylle. al393 Gower CA III 2.2021-2: For wher that such on is of Cuthbert 134.4565, 175.6014, 179.6145. cl455 Speculum Misericordie 942.65. 1483 Skelton myht. His will schal stonde in stede of riht. al400 Four Proverbs in Pol. Rei. and Love Dethe I 9.89. al500 Coventry Plays 62.943, 66.1081. al500 Croxton Sacrament in WaterPoems 251: Mithgh is Rithgh; lithgh is nithgh; Fithgh is flithgh. al400 Saw in Joseph Ritson house 71.432: Now set on, felouse, with mayne Pieces of Ancient Popular Poetry (London, 1791) and might. al500 О glorius lady in Rolf Kaiser 58: Ther ys leythe reythe and meythe, Meythe Medieval English (Berlin, 1961) 509.47. al500 Revelations of Methodius in PMLA 33(1918) overset reythe for the defawte of leythe. Bot 165.329, 168.464, 173.626. al500 Thre Prestís and reythe methe com to leythe, Scholder never 8.106. al500 Trust in my luf in Anglia 83(1965) meythe overset reythe. al475 Fortescue Dia45[4]: And you to menske with mayn and meght. logue I 490[16]: But strength maykyth right after his owne opynyoun. 1546 Heywood D Cisco Lady Bessy 8[14]: He will come with main and might. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 73.115: Might overcomth right, 1555 E 172.145, 91.1297. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 25.474: 190.248.2: Where althynge is there ryght is lost And cruelly to slee by power mayne and myght. by myght. Apperson 416; Brovra-Robbins 1857; Taylor and Whiting 242-3; Tilley M923. Jente 22; Oxford 423; Robbins-Cutler 2167; Taylor and Whiting 242; Tilley M922; Whiting Drama 254. See F489, L102, M630, T169, 180. M538 Who bids (for) Milce (mercy) may have it cl300 Lawman II В 281.16829-32: Evere hit M535 Might shall be withstood with might was, and yet hit his, Alse us wel bi-hoveth. al393 Gower CA II 210.2983: That miht with That wo milce biddeth, That he hit maghe habbe. miht schal be withstonde. See F491. See M506.

Mildew

402

\I539 As sweet as Mildew (honey-dew) cl225 Wohunge of we Laverà 269[2-3]: Swetter is munegunge of the then mildeu о muthe. M540 A Scottish Mile cl450 Merlin II I97[3-4]: Thei were but two scottish myle fro the town. M541 To have but a Mile to midsummer 1460 In the day of faste in English Chronicle 92[25]: Tho bestys that thys wroughte to mydsomer have but a myle. Oxford 423. Cf. Tilley M1117. M542 A Welsh Mile cl450 Merlin II 247[35-6]: All the contrey was of hem covered the length of a walshe myle, 509[17]: Thei hadde riden half a walsh myle. Oxford 702; Tilley M925. M543 As mild as Milk al400 Alexander С 249.4824: Was nevir . . . no milke so mild undire heven. Taylor and Whiting 243. M544 As sweet as (any) Milk al300 Alisaunder 26 L 427-8: His love is al so swete у wis So ever is mylk. cl330 Sf. Margaret 229.136: Me thenke this paines swetter than ani milkes rem, cf. 493.128. cl390 Talkyng 26.17: Swettore art thou then . . . Milk in Mouthe. 1447 Bokenham 114.4172-3. al475 Tree 97.17-8. alSOO St. Katheryne 262.188: And (torture) swettur than ony myIke. Svartengren 307; Taylor and Whiting 243.

M539 Destruction of Troy 129.3985: as the mylke white. al400 Firumbras 35.1055-6. al400 Floris 79.366. al400 Ipomadon A 70.2384: anny, 84.2898: anny, 184.6454. al400 Moder of gresse 173.337: any, 175.422: any. al400 Laud Troy Π 457.15507. al415 Mirk Festial 158.19, 162.33, 232.5: any. al425 Ipomadon В 274.645: any. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 579.21725: any, 1430 St. Margarete in MP I 188.414, al439 Fall 1 73.2670, 1439 St. Albon 136.536, 173.694: The blody streme as mylke ranne all whyte. cl440 Dégrevant 96.1505-6: the. al450 Generydes A 10.286. al450 Partonope 66.2238: eny, 136.3864: eny. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 63.773: the. cl450 Leechbook 202.647. al475 Guy^ 12.389-90: any, 16.537. al475 Seege of Troye 199 H 1530h. al475 Talk of Ten Wives 31[22]: ony. cl475 Henryson Fables 49.1349. al500 Catalogue of Delights in Robbins 121.27: any. al500 Eger H 201.323: the. al500 Grene Knight II 73.397-8: any. alSOO Guy* 35.843-4. alSOO Medwall Nature D2''[39]: any. al500 О my lady dere in Rawlinson MS. С 813 332.126. alSOO Octavian (NC) 104.718: any. al500 South English Legendary: Miracles B. V. (Harley) in PMLA 38(1923) 320.18: eni. cI500 King Hart 110.10. cl500 Lady Bessy 47[11]. 1506 Hawes Pastime 64.1592, 146.3866: the, 202.5315: the. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 57.213, 85.1120: the, 1523 Garlande I 393.797. Apperson 680-1; Taylor and Whiting 243; Tilley M931; Whiting Drama 320:225, Scots II 98.

M545a Milk-white M545 As white as (any, the) Milk clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 518[9-11]: His lie . . . a1050 Old English Prudentius Glosses at hwittre Öonne meoloc. Lives II 304.1378-9. Boulogne-sur-Mer, ed. Herbert D. Meritt (StanclOOO Wonders of the East in Three Old Englüh ford Studies in Language and Literature 16, 1959) 11.100: Of meolchwyttre, 71.683: MeolProse Texts 62.11-3: Ну beoS swa on lichoman swa hwite swa meolc. al300 Alisaunder 11.175: chwitum. al200 Lawman II 243.15938: The A mule also whyte so mylk, 59.1031, 292 M 66: oder is milc-whit. cl300 Guy^ 48 A 823: A gerfauk that is milke white. al325 Chronicle 23.563. Whyt as melke withouten fayle. al300 Richard 84.68: Also whyte as ony mylk, 98.387, 134.1036: cl330 Degare 106.787 (var.). cl330 Horn Childe ony. cl300 Beves 55.1157, 189.3769-70: eny. 191.1044. C1330 Peniworth 117.353. cl350 cl300 South English Legendary I 234.400: eny. Libeaus 9.132, 53.944. al375 Octavian (S) cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 85.80, 53.1679. al400 Alexander С 82.1498, 86.1579, 350.187: eni, 402.321: So 3v^hiiht schininde so 216.3776, 240.4533, 269.5468. al400 Amadace I eni milk the bodies hole and sounde. al325 Cur- 42[7], 50[14]. al400 Morte Arthure 67.2287. sor II 468 CF 8120: Als milk thair hide be-com al400 Scottish Legends I 181.50, II 47.23, 476.1172. cl400 Gowther 158.563. al415 Mirk sa quite, 596 CG 10380. cl330 Horn Childe 182. Festial 202.2, 25. cl425 Brut II 347.16. cl433 296. cl330 Orfeo 14.146. al338 Mannyng Lydgate St. Edmund 427.771, 1439 Fall III Chronicle В II 334[21]. al350 Ywain 23.819, 83.3106: any. cI350 Libeaus 16.248. cl390 921.94, 1439 St. Albon 175.818-9, cl440 Debate in MP II 543.89. 1445 Claudian Stilicho 293.409. Gregorius 102.807: the. cl395 WBible Genesis 1449 Metham 59.1600. al500 Amadace A xlix 12. al399 Forme of Cury 41[3]: eny. al400 260.404, 269.617. al500 Court of Love 430.787. And Martha keped in Horstmann Sammlung al500 Eger Ρ 204.311. al500 Guy* 35.845. 165.185. al400 PChaucer й о т . A 1196. al400

M559

403

Miller

cl500 King Hart 91.6. 1501 Douglas Palice M552 From Mill and from cheaping (market) 10.17, 52.20, 1513 Aeneid 11 49.97, 115.103, . . . men bring tidings 130.73, 223.39, III 80.189, 127.35, 146.39, al200 Ancrene 48.17-9: Swa that me seith i 163.74,199.142, 238.42, IV 87.12.1546 Heywood bisahe. From mulne and from chepinge, from D 68.76: A milke snow white . . . skyn. MED smiththe and from ancre hus, me tidinge diademen 4; Taylor and Whiting 243; Whiting bringeth. Apperson 416; Ives 263:6. Scots 11 98. M553 A Mill that grinds not is worth as much M546 As white as Milk's foam as an oven that bakes not cl380 Ferumbras 124.3955-6: An hert . . . As cl450 Ponthus 6.31-2: For men sayn in scom, wyt ase melkys fom, 182.5879. that as mytch is a mylne worthe that gryndyth not as an oven that baketh not. M547 As white as Milk's ream (cream) al300 Arthour and M.^ 43.1455: That on is M554 One's Mill has ground its last grist (i.e., white so milkes rem. al425 Arthour and M? to be near death) 343.1543, 1073. cl500 Arthour and М.з I cl450 How mankinde dooth in Fumivall Hymns 467.1466. 74.504: Thi mylle hath grounde thi laste griste. MED grist n. (1) (b). M548 As white as mom (mom's, morrow's) Milk M555 To be like a Mill without (a) sluice cl325 Maid of Ribbesdale in Böddeker 158.77: 1340 Ayenbite 255[8-13]: Zome volk . . . byeth Whittore then the moren mylk. cI387-95 ase the melle wythoute scluse, thet alne-way Chaucer CT I[A] 357-8: An anlaas and a gipser went be the yemynge of the wetere. Vor hi al of silk Heeng at his girdel, whit as mome habbeth ase vele wordes ase ther comth of milk, cl390 I[A] 3236: A barmclooth eek as weter to the melle. cl400 Vices and Virtues whit as mome milk. cl450 Richard 84.68 (шг.): 282.37-283.2: (Men) that fareth as a mille Also whyte as any momes mylk. с 1522 Skelton without scluse, that evere goth as the watre Colyn 1 323.317: Whyte as morowes (MS. marys) renneth, for thei have so many wordes as the mylke. mylle hath watre. M549 Milk (Honey) and honey (milk) M556 To clack like a Mill clOOO Aelfric Heptateuch Exodus ili 8: On {)aBt cl450 Idley 82.50: Lete thy tonge not clakke land }зе {зе flewö meolce and hunie. Numbers as a mille. Whiting Scoto II 98. Cf. Whiting xvi 13: Of Ôam lande ]зе weol meolce and Drama 285. hunige. cl395 WBible Exodus iii 8: A lond that flowith with milk and bony. Numbers xvi M557 To clap like a Mill cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 406: Janglynge is whan 14: The lond that flowith with streemys of mylk a man speketh to muche bifom folk, and clapand hony, Ezekiel xx 6: The lond flowynge with peth as a mille, and taketh no keep what he mylk and hony. al422 Lydgate Life 556.1179-80: The londe also of promyssyon, "That mylke and seith, cI395 IV[E] 1200: Ay clappeth as a mille, hony bothe in-fere shedyth. cl493 Saint Katherin I yow counsaille. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 7.171: Thou art as ful of clap as is a mylle. of Senis 307.15-6: The rebellyon of holy chirche a1426 Lydgate Mumming at Hertford in MP II was that tyme in comparyson of this scisme but hony and mylke. al500 English Conquest 680.177: It longethe to us to clappen as a mylle. 103.26-8: His spech, as hit were honny and Cf. Oxford 664: Tongue. See W92. mylke out of the mouth, but ever hit was medlid with wenym at the Ende. 1534 More M558 Whoso comes to Mill first grinds first Comforte 1161 H[3-4]: The land of beheste 01395 Chaucer CT I11[D] 389: Whoso that first to mille comth, first grynt. 1475 Paston V that floweth mylk and honey. Oxford 423. 229[3-4]: For who comyth fyrst to the mylle, fyrst must grynd. Apperson 214; S. B. Ek Den M550 Milk-warm cl450 Leechbook 72.187: Till it be mylke warme. som kommer först till kvarns, Scripta Minora Regiae Societatis Humaniorum Litterarum LunM551 To be like Milk densis, 1963-4:1; Jente 240; Oxford 204; Skeat al449 Lydgate Ballade per Antiphrasim in MP 266; Tilley M941. See C382. II 432.14: Moost like to mylk of you is necke and chyne. al460 Towneley Plays 377.324: Youre M559 (An honest Miller) has a thumb of gold twyfyls youre nek abowte as mylke. Whiting C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 562-3: Wei koude Scots 11 98. he Stelen com and tollen thries; And yet he

404

Miller

hadde a thombe of gold, pardee. cl500 Cock 3[20-l]: A myller dustypoll than dyde come, A Joly felowe with a golden thome. Apperson 417; Oxford 424; Tllley M953.

M560 clOOO WSG Matthew xviii 6: Betere him ys {jaet an cwymstan si to hys swyran gecnytt, and si besenced on sœs grund, Mark ix 42, Luke xvii 2. c l 3 9 5 WBible Matthew xviii 6: It spedith to hym that a mylnstoon of assis be hangid in his necke, and he be drenchid in the depnesse of the see, Mark ix 41, Luke xvii 2. 1509 Barclay Ship I 105[27]: For than layth malyce a mylstone in his necke. Taylor and Whiting 244.

M560 A Miller is a thief {varied) C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 562: Wei koude he Stelen com, cl390 I[A] 3939: A theef he was for sothe of com and mele. cl483 Caxton Dialogues 36.27-34: Gherard the myllar. After that men saye, Steleth the half Of com or of mele M566 To see far in a Millstone Of them that to hym Brynge to grynde. The 1546 Heywood D 37.75-6: She thought . . . she half he steleth not. But a lytyll of every sack. had seene far in a milstone. Whan she gat a c l 5 0 0 Cock 3[23-4]: Many sayd that he with husbande, 1555 E 155.57: Thou seest far in a reprefe Of all craftes was nexte a thefe. 1509 mylstone. Apperson 556; Oxford 425; Taylor Barclay Ship II 307[2]: With Myllers and bakers and Whiting 245; Tilley M965. that weyght and mesure hate. 1532 Bemers Golden Boke 186.2234-7: And there was an M567 To weigh heavier than a Millstone cl477 Caxton Jason 83.13-4: A requeste that ancient lawe that a myller, a smyth, a baker, weyeth more hevier on my herte than mylne or a poynt maker, myght not be a Senatour, stone shold on my heed. bycause men of the sayd occupations were commonly taken with deceytes and gyles. 1533 M568 As quick as a man's Mind Heywood Weather B4^[29]: Who wolde be a cl300 South English Legendary II 418.502: And myller? As good be a thefe. Apperson 417; mai be(o) nouthe here and ther as quik as a Oxford 424; Tilley M955; Whiting Scote II 99. mannes munde. See T232. M561

A Miller tolls more than once (varied) M569 Out of Mind the less told of Chaucer CT I[A] 562: Wei koude he al450 Of the sacrament in Kail 104.30: Out of . . . tollen thries. c l 4 5 0 When the son 388.167: mynde, the lasse of tolde. See S307. Myllers that tyllyth not twyes yn a myle. al475 Assembly of Gods 21.698: Double tollyng myl- M570 A wicked Mind with words fair and sly el475 Henryson Fables 100.2913: Ane wickit lers. Apperson 417:4; Οφτά 633: Sure; Tilley mynd with wordis fair and sie. See M755, W631. M958. M571 Mine and thine make discord (varied) M562 A Millpost thwitten (whittled) to (comcl330 Song on the Times in Wright Politipared to) a pudding-prick cal Songs 2^52[4]: Myn ant thyn duo sunt, qui 1528 More Heresy es 236 Η [5-6]: Here was a frangunt plebis amorem. c l 3 9 0 Proverbes of gret post wel thwyted to a pudding pricke. diverse profetes 540.277-80: Yif twey wordes 1546 Heywood D 100.2-3: For here is a myll never hedde be mad. Everi mon good pes post Thwytten to a puddyng pricke, 1556 Spimight ha had; Myn and thyn, heore either word der 142[20-1]: Shulde set forth that righte, Bi-twene mony men maketh discord. al470 mighte in conclusion quicke, Thwighte that Parker Dives X7''[1.15-21]: For nyghe all the myll poste of righte to a poding pricke, 269[21]: debate in this worlde is for myne and thyne. Pooding prikes they, mylposts we, comparde And therfore sayd a phylsopher . . . Put out of are, 1562 E 232.19.3-4: Good deedes by good this worlde two wordes, myne and thyne, and wyll had, differ there brother. A pooddyng all the worlde shall be in peas. Whiting Scots pricke is one, a mylpost is an other. Apperson II 99. Cf. Oxford 422; Taylor and Whiting 418; Oxford 657; Til ey M964. 242; Tilley M910. C1387-95

M563 As great as any Millstone c l 4 0 0 Beryn 2.35: As grete as eny mylstone, upward gon they stert. M564 cl375 stir A R161,

Better stir a Millstone than her St. Agatha 46.49-50: We might better milne-stone than we may hir. See M726, S792, W24.

M565

To lay a Millstone in (on) one's neck

M572 As wise as Minerva 1369 Chaucer BD 1072: Or ben as wis as Mynerva. M573 In the Mire al352 Minot 29.71: Has left us hgand in the mire. al449 Lydgate See Myche in MP II 8001.24-5: О worde myse spoken may bringe the in the myre. So depe, in sothe, tyll thow ther

M594

405

Misi

in be drent. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 133.880. harpe, and pipe, and fugheles (song) Misliketh, cl450 Idley 8Θ.315. cl490 Ryman 240.12. cl500 yif hit is to long. See P408. King Hart 119.27: For he hes left his maister M583 Mirth and heaviness are ever interin the myre. clSOO О mortali man in Studia meddled Neophilologica 26(1963) 63.41: Lyke a man in a al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 509.694: Evir fury thow doste caste in the myre. 1513 Douglas entirmedlyd is merthe and hevynesse. See J59. Aeneid III 65.156: Full laith to leif our wark swa in the myre. 1522 Skelton Why Come II M584 It is a great Mischance to let a fool have 34.248, cl522 Colyn I 352.1071-2: Or els in the governance myre They saye they wyll you cast. 1533 More cl380 Chaucer HF 957-9: Loo, ys it not a gret Answer 1117 D[4]: I have set hym here so fast myschaunce To lete a fool han govemaunce Of in the mire. Confutación 608 A[6-7], 614 D[5-6]. thing that he can not demeyne? 1546 Heywood D 64.76: And lay my credence M585 Mischance of one should be another's in the myre. Tilley M989; Whiting Scots II 99. lore See D247, 266, L24. 1501 Douglas Police 30.2: Mischance of ane, suld be ane utheris loir. See CIBI, M170. M574 To despise as Mire cI450 Capgrave Katharine 153.1223: Or ellis M586 Great Mischief follows ill winning youre herte despiseth joye as myre. cl450 Ratis 4.108: Gret mischef folowis ill vynM575 As bright as a Mirror yng. See G336. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa S8''[1.4]: M587 Mischief may not always last Bryght as a myrrour. cl420 Wyntoun VI 39.4295: For myscheiff may M576 As clear as a Mirror noucht lest alwayis. See B19, S798, W430. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa JJl''[1.7-8]: Clere as a myrrour. Whiting NC 445. M588 Misery may be mother where one beggar M577 A false Mirror oft deceives a man's look begs of another al475 Assembly of Gods 51.1727: Oft a false 1546 Heywood D 99.41-2: But as men saie, misery maie be mother. Where one begger is myrrour deceyveth a mannys look. dryven to beg of an other. Apperson 418-9; M578 Look in your Mirror and deem no other Oxford 426; Tilley M1007. wight al449 Lydgate Look in thy Merour in MP II M589 Of a Mishap sometimes comes a good 765-72.8: Look in thy merour and deeme noon tum 1519 Horman Vulgaria 396[7]: Somtyme of a othir wiht (refrain). myshappe cometh a good tume. See T150. M579 None so foul does in a Mirror pry but she is fair in her ovra eye M590 Misreckoning is no payment al420 Lydgate Troy I 221.2679-80: For non so 1555 Heywood E 185.215: Mysrecknyng is no foule doth in a myrour prye, That sehe is feir paiment, 1556 Spider 74[7]. Apperson 419; in hir owne eye. See C569. Jente 518; Oxford 427; Tilley M1014. M580 One's Mirror may be the devil's arse M591 One Misrule brings in another aI529 Skelton Garnesche 1 126.18: They (for aI439 Lydgate Fall III 747.2694-5: Thus everi Thy) myrrour may be the devyllys ars. See M35. surfet englued is to othir. And о mysreule M581 To make a Mirror of the falling of another bryngeth in anothir. See S333. (varied) M592 After Mists Phoebus shines bright al439 Lydgate Fall II 432.3715: Lat othris al449 Lydgate Guy in MP II 520.84: And affter fallyng a merour to you bee. cl450 Pilgrimage mystys Phebus schyneth bright. See C315. LM 137[5-6]: For of the mischef of an oother eche may make a mirrowr for him self. Cf. M593 As dark as Mist al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 337.41: Tilley M448. See C161, MI70, W47. Bokus so derk as myste (rime myghte). M582 Every Mirth may last so long that it will M594 To go away like the Mist list unwrast (please poorly) al250 Owl 32.341-4: Evrich murghthe mai so al325 Seven Sim in Heuser 124.92: Hit went longe ileste That ho shal liki wel unwreste: Vor awei, so doth the miste.

Mist

406

M595

M595 To mete {measure) the Mist (on Malvem M604 Not give a Mite Hills) cl380 Ferumbras 55.1579: Y nolde noght gyve a al376 Piers A Prol. 88-9: Thow mihtest beter myte. aI400 Romaunt С 7550: He yeveth nat meten the myst on Málveme hulles. Then geten now therof a myte {French II n'i donrait pas une a mom of heore mouth til moneye weore escorce De chesne). cl412 Hoccleve Regement schewed. cl405 Mum 17.171-2: Ther is as moche 56.1535. al450 Castle 84.247. al475 Banester good witte in swyche gomes nollis, As thou Guiscardo 30.490. shuldist mete of a myst fro morwe to even. M605 Not hinder a Mite M596 Dear enough a Mite cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 128.509: And pardee, cl385 Chaucer TC iv 684: And with hire tales, freend that may nat hyndre a myte. deere ynough a myte, cl386 LGW 741: It nas M606 Not praise a (poor) Mite nat sene, deere ynogh a myte. 1406 Hoccleve cl395 Pierce 10.267: Y preise nought thi prechMale Regie 33.269: Al-thogh that they a myte ing but as a pure myte. a1400 Alexander Buik be to deere. al420 Lydgate Troy I 147.130. I 56.1176-7: That thay prysit nocht worth ane myte Thair strenth nor yit thair chevalry. el408 M597 Not (a)mend a Mite al375 William 145.4543: So that non might Lydgate Reson 118.4497. a-mend a mite worth, i wene, 160.5030, M607 Not reck a Mite 161.5069, 169.5347-8: It amende ne might. с 1375 Chaucer Anel. 269: Alas! ye rekke not a Nought that fel to swiche a fast forsothe, half a mite. cl380 Pearl 13.351: Thy mendez mountez myte, cl385 Mars 126, cl395 CT VIII[G] 698. not a myte. cl420 Wyntoun III 291.1146. al450 al420 Lydgate Troy II 548.5319. Whiting Scots York Plays 303.322. cl475 Golagros 36.1069. II 99. Whiting Scots II 99. M608 Not set a Mite 01385 Chaucer TC iii 832-3: And if to lese his M598 Not ask a Mite joie he sette a myte. Than semeth it that joie cl420 Wyntoun VI 213.6626: I sail nocht ask is worth ful lite, 900: I nolde setten at his thairof ane myt. sorwe a myte. cl385 Usk 55.68: Al sette ye at a myte whan your hert toumeth. al420 Lydgate M599 Not (a)vail a Mite cl378 Piers В xx 177-8: Surgerye ne fisyke May Troy I 97.2892. cI420 Wyntoun IV 335.152. noughte a myte availle. al400 Romaunt В 5762: cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife 148.225. al425 Hymsilf it availeth not a myte. al440 Burgh Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 11.14171-2: He suld Cato 306.117. cl440 Charles of Orleans 135.4029: not sett be the The mountynance of a myte. For othir thing hit vaylith not a myte. cl440 cl440 Charles of Orleans 142.4252. 1522 SkelLydgate Debate in MP II 547.187. cI475 Henry- ton Why Come II 47.674, 1523 Howe the Douty son Fables 52.1448: Sail not availl ane myte. Duke II 73.165-6. Whiting Drama 354:714. Whiting Scots II 99. M609 Not the value of a Mite al420 Lydgate Troy I 191.1620: Nat the valu, I M600 Not care a Mite suppose, of a myte. cl485 Slaughter (Digby) 6.142: I care not a myght. Tilley M1026; Whiting Scots II 99. M610 Not weigh half a Mite al450 Lord that is 216.180-1: Thi hert weyeth M601 Not change a Mite not half a myte Ageyn the lif that lastith ay. al475 Assembly of Gods 53.1814: Be hyt ryght or wrong, he changeth nat a myte.

M602 Not count a Mite al475 Assembly of Gods 47.1606-7: Count I no more To that in comparyson valewyng then a myte. cl475 Henryson Want of Wyse Men 191.53: Thay compt nocht cursing a myte. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 107.19: I compt it nevir a myte. Tilley M1026; Whiting Scots II 99. МбОЗ Not force {care) the worth of a Mite 1534 Heywood Love B2'[41]: I forse for no man the worth of a myte. Tilley M1026.

M611 Not worth a (three) Mite(s) al375 William 70.2017: Never to weld of worldes merthe the worth of a mite, 151.4736: I wold nowt wilne a mite worth, с 1375 Barbour Rruce I 58.198: The body is nocht worth a myt, 305.188. al376 Piers A viii 54: Schal no devel at his deth-day deren him worth a myte. cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 511: For in effect they been nat worth a myte, cl385 I[A] 1558, cl395 III[D] 1961, VIII[G] 633. al400 Alexander С 236.4426. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 36.976-7, 144.3988-9. cl420 Wyntoun III 305.1322, V

M623

407

Money

197.596: That custum is noucht worthe thre M617 Mona (Anglesea) is the mother of Wales al387 Higden-Trevisa II 3 9 [ l l - 5 ] : In preisynge mytis. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 122.334, Lerne to of this ilond Walsche men beeth i-woned to Die 197.523. с1440 Charles of Orleans 52.1524: seie a proverbe and an olde sawe, Mon mam Mi wordis alle nar worthi to him a myte, Kembry, that is to menynge in Englische Mon 153.4564. c l 4 5 0 Holland Howlat 49.72. 1471 moder of Wales. For whan othere londes lakketh Ripley Compound 190[26]. c l 5 0 0 Greene Carols mete, that lond is so good that hit semeth that 379.2. 1501 Douglas Palice 48.22, 81.26, 1513 it wolde fynde com i-now for alle the men of Aeneid II 15.424. cl525 Heywood Wit 3[6]. Wales. al447 Bokenham Mappula 13[24-6]: Tilley M1026; Whiting Scots II 100. Ther is a comyn proverbe yn Walsshe, and hit M612 He that Mocks shall be mocked (varied) is this: Mon mam kimry, That is to say on c l 4 7 5 Rawlinson MS. D 328 125.81: He that englyssh: Anglysseye modur of Walis. Apperson mokyt schall noght be owyn mokyt. Qui me 11; Oxford 10; Tilley A248. deridet non inde risus abibit. 1483 Caxton Cato G3"'[21-2]: For it is sayd comynly that M618 Black Monday he that mockqueth other shal be mocqued, 1359 Gild of St. Nicholas in English Gilds, ed. 1484 Aesop 307[l-3]: Alle the sallary or payToulmin Smith (EETS 40, 1870) 97[7]: The ment of them that mokken other is for to be secunde (mornspeche) schal be onblake monunmocqued at the last. 1509 Barclay Ship I day. 1435 Chronicles of London 13[13-4]: Wher213[5-7]: It also provyd full often is certayne fore, unto this day yt [ApHl 14, 1360) ys callyd That they that on mockes alway theyr myndes blak Monday, and wolle be longe tyme here cast Shall of all other be mocked at the last. affter. cl443 Chronicle of London 64[16-7]: 1534 Heywood Love B4''[26-7]: For who so Wherfore unto this day manye men callen that mocketh shall surely stur This olde pro- it the blake Moneday. NED Monday 2. Cf. M. verbe: mockum moccabitur, Cl''[14-5]: Wherby M. Mathews Dictionary of Americanisms 1 thought her owne tale lyke a bur Stack to (Chicago, 1951) Black 4(6). her owne back, mockum moccabitur, Cl''[18]: Wherwith I brought in moccum moccabitur, M619 A Monday's handsel (gift) is great pain to children [21]: To gyve mock for mock, [25]. Apperson c l 4 7 5 Rawlinson MS. D 328 118.14: A monday420; Oxford 428; Tilley M1031. See G491, S92. ys hansell ys grete pane to chyddryn, Lunaris strena pueris est maxima pena. Walther II M613 Mock and mow 780.14113. Cf. Apperson 444: New Year; NED 1509 Barclay Ship I 112[8]: They mocke and Handsel 5. mowe at anothers small offence. 1532 More Confutación 374 C [ l l - 2 ] : And lyke the devils ape maketh mockes and mowes, 375 E[12]: To Μβ20 For Money men may find an advocate c l 4 8 0 Contemplacioun 193.184: Bot men for jest and mocke and mowe and rayle, 398 money may fynd ane advocat. Cf. Tilley M1065. C[10-l]: To make him sporte, with mocking and mowing, 1533 Apology e 4[23-4]: The makynge M621 Have Money in one's purse of mockes and mowys, 169[1], Confutación 1461 Paston III 300[9-ll]: Withoute he have 562 A[13], 616 F[3], 618 C[2], 735 FG, 736 mony in hyse purse . . . ellys they vi^ll not В[11-2]. Tilley M1030. sette by hem. Apperson 422:17; Oxford 429; Tilley M1090. See M632. M614 A Modicum is more to allow {praise) so

that Good Will be carver at the dais, etc. M622 Lady Money has all things under her c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 11.236-8: Ane modicum buxomness {obedience) is mair ffor till allow, Swa that gude will be al430 Hoccleve Roundel II 36-7.2-3: I, lady kerver at the dais. Than thrawin vult and mony moneie, of the world goddesse. That have al spycit mais. Cf. Tilley G338. See D257, M700, thyng undir my buxumnesse, 8-9, 14-5, 22-3. P329. Cf. Oxford 430: Money will do anything, quote 1613. M615 As rotten as Mold al400 Cursor III 1528 F 27602: That within is M623 Money burns out the bottom of one's rotin as molde. purse 1528 More Heresy es 195 B[5-7]: Having a littell M616 As black and dark as a Mole wanton money, which hym thought brenned 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[6]: In the ars out the bottom of hys purs. Apperson 421:8; blacke and derke lyke a molle.

Money

408

Oxford 428; Taylor and Whiting 247-8; Tilley M1048.

M624 all places for redy money. Jente 360. Cf. Tilley M1091, 1092. See M621.

M624 Money is like a conqueror over man M633 To Money all things obey 1509 Barclay Ship II 15[26]: Money over man al382 WBible Ecclesiastes χ 19: To monee is like a conquerour. See C296. obeshen alle thingus. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1550[В2740]: Salomon seith that "alle thynges M625 The Money is not yet coined that I shall obeyen to moneye." al393 Gower CA II 409. send 244-5: So that a man mai sothly telle That al 1470 Paston V 88[15-6]: Telle your brother the world to gold obeieth. cÌ412 Hoccleve that the mony is not yet cownyd that I xuld Regement 26.708-9: Fful soth fynde I the word send hym for thersarsenet and damaske. of Salomon, That to moneie obeien alle thinges. Apperson 421; Jente 67; Oxford 428; Smith Μβ26 Money makes marriage cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 18.72: For nowadais 209; Tilley M1041a, 1052, T163. See G296. money maketh mariage with sum menn rather M634 To pay (again) vdth the same Money then love or bewtye. Apperson 422; Oxford 1525 Berners Froissart VI 76[32-3]: I shall paye 430; Tilley M1074. See M797. them agayn with the same money, forged in the M627 Money makes the jolly palfreys leap and same forge, 1532 Golden Boke 336.7131-2: I prance wyll pay you with the same money. Apperson alSOO Greene Carols 393.4: In the heyweyes 487: coin; Oxford 491; Taylor and Whiting 76; ther joly palfreys Yt (money) makyght to lepe Tilley C507. and praunce. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 248: M635 To piss Money on the walls Money makes the mare go. 1471 Ripley Compound 155[25]: But as for M628 Money makes the man Mony yt ys pyssyd on the walls. al500 Greene Carols 393.20: Yt ys allwayes sene nowadayes That money makythe the man. M636 To spare Money no more than if it fell Apperson 422; Oxford 430; Tilley M1076. See from the clouds 1523 Hemers Froissart III 490[27-9]: The M362. lordes . . . spared no more money than it had M629 Money makes the merchant (chapman) fallen fro the clowdes. Cf. Taylor and Whiting cl450 Idley 90.550: Ever monye maketh the 248:8. marchaunte. al475 Ludus Coventriae 252.624-5: In old termys I have herd seyde That mony M637 Who has Money shall have men at need makyth schapman. cl516 Skelton Magnificence cl450 Idley 92.687-8: Who that hath money 49.1574: Money maketh marchauntes, I tell you, shal have men at nede And frendis not a fewe over all. Apperson 422; Tilley M1078. to defende hym of his foo. Cf. Tilley M1082-3. M630 Money (Pecunia) makes wrong right, M638 Who has Money shall not fail to speed etc. alSOO To yow, mastres in Rawlinson MS. С 813 1372 Advocates MS.18.7.21 (John of Grimestone) 383.25-6: Who that hathe money, he shall not f. 14 in Owst Literature 317: Pecunia maket wrong fayle At his desyre as well to spede. See L80. rith, maket day niht, maket frend fo, maket wele wo. clSOO Everyman 15-6.412-3: For it is M639 With Money the right goes forth 1481 Caxton Reynard 70[20-l]: Wyth money sayd ever amonge That money maketh all ryght alleway the right goth forth. that is wronge. Tilley M1072, 1073. See M494, 534, P124. M640 The Monks think it lavici to play when the abbot brings the dice M631 Money reigns 1509 Barclay Ship I 236[22-3]: The monkes cl515 Barclay Eclogues 159.530: And money thynke it lawfull for to play Whan that the reygneth and doth all thing at will. Cf. Tilley Abbot bryngeth them the dyce. Jente 101. See H1060. S348, W499. M632 Ready Money is the best ware (varied) al500 Greene Carols 393.8: At al tymys the M641 Better is one Month's cheer than a churl's best ware ys Ever redy money. al500 О man whole life more 395.55-6: Trust nott a tappestere though 1546 Heywood D 86.194: Better is one monthes she speke merelye, For a man may spede in cheere, than a churles hole lyfe. Tilley M1108.

M6S5

409

Aloon

Alcock Sermo pro episcipo Bl''[1.3-4]: Beynge M642 For one Month's joy to bring a whole as varyaunt as the mone. See Μ6β2. life's sorrow 1546 Heywood D 39.128: For one months joie M651 As wliti (handsome) as the Moon (etc.) to bryng hir hole lives sorow. See H601, L274, (A number of single quotations are brought W282, 606, Y14. together here) clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 444[l-2]: Maria is M643 Move not your Mood too oft al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.66: Meve nott wlitigre Sonne se mona. cl395 WBible Song of Solomon vi 9: Fair as the moone, chosun as the thy mode to ought, {II) 222.53: oft. sunne. al420 Lydgate Troy II 519.4337-8: M644 To peck Mood (i.e., change one's mind) He shal hem (women) fynde stedefaste as the c l 3 3 0 Seven Sages A 9.248: And sone sehe gan mone That is in point for to chaunge sone. Roll 74.113: О constaunt to pekke mod. cl412 Hoccleve Regement al500 Ragman 156.4347: But or thei twynned thens, thei womane, stabili as the шопе. pekkid moode. NED Peck v.i 7. M652 In the Moon is no stableness Μβ45 After a dropping (misty) Moon the al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 39.1208: Ffor in the moone is no stabylnesse. See M647, 655. weather oft clears 1420 Lydgate Temple 17.394-5: And oft also, M653 The Moon is unlike the sun, etc. aftir a dropping mone, The weddir clereth. Cf. al437 Kingis Quair 76.110: Unlike the шопе Apperson 424: An old moon. is to the sonne schene; Eke Januarye is (un)like to May; Unlike the cukkow to the phyM646 As bright as the Moon lomene; Thair tabartis ar noght bothe maid of c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary I 346.175: Н о т array; Unlike the crow is to the papejay; Unthoghte is face brightore was thanne . . . mone. like, in goldsmythis werk, a flschis eye To peres cl502 Lyfe of Joseph 50.410: As bright as the with peril, or maked be so heye. mone that Illumyneth the nyght. 1509 Barclay Ship II 334[10]: Bryght as the mone. Taylor M654 To bark at (against) the Moon and Whiting 249. 1402 Daw Topias 53[7-10]: But thou, as blynde M647 As changeable as the Moon c l 4 4 0 Scrope Epistle 22[2-3]: A foole is schawnegeable as the moone. al449 Lydgate Timor in MP II 831.108: The wourld is chaungeable as the moone. cl450 Epistle of Othea 28.19-20: The ffoole is chaungeable as the moone, butt the wyse man is stable. alSOO Fortune alas alas 484.6: And art chaungeable eke as is the mone. Apperson 91; Oxford 88; Tilley M i l l i . See M141, 652, 655, W526.

Bayarde, Berkest at the mone, As an olde mylne dog When he bygynnith to dote. 1456 Five Dogs of London 190.6: Ffor ones that y barkyd a-geynys the mone. 1456 Paston III 105[25-7]: My felow Barker, as of such othyr berkers ayenst the mone, to make wysemen laugh at her foyle. aI460 Towneley Plays 137.662: Can ye bark at the mone? 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 72.4-5: They playe as the dogge doeth that barketh at the moon all nyght. Apperson 26; Oxford 22-3; Tilley M1123. See B71.

M648 As dun as the Moon against the sun M655 To change like the Moon (varied) al400 Chestre Launfal 80.988-90: Than wer c l 3 9 5 WBible Ecclesiasticus xxvii 12: For whi they wyth her also donne As ys the mone ayen a fool is chaungid as the moone. al400 Romthe sonne, Aday whan hyt ys lyght. aI475 aunt В 3778: And chaunge as the moone. al400 Landavall 126.473-4: They to her were aliso Wore the Wheel in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems donn As the monelyght to the sonne. al500 265.1-2: This wondir wel undir this trone, It Lambewell I 161.547-8: And there thé sate as changit ofte as dot the mone, с1408 Lydgate dummbe As the moone is light from the sunn. Reson 2.47-8: After this Fortune sone, Which See S889. öfter changeth as the шопе, 161.6162-8: Which in his sheeld, as yt ys kouthe. Bare a cressaunt M649 As round as a Moon Mone shene. To declare, thus I mene. That al460 Towneley Plays 125.278: As rownde as youthe in his grene age Varieth ofte of corage, a moyn. Taylor Comparisons 69. Redy for to chaunge sone After the nature of the mone, al420 Troy III 622.1982. 1422 Yonge M650 As variant as the Moon Goverrmunce 158.34-6: Salamon Sayth, "An cl485 Guiscardo 50.215: More variaunt and holy man in wysdome abidyth as the Sonne, flyttyng then ys the mutabyll mone. aI500

λ^οοη

410

Μ656

And a foole chaungyth as the moone." al430 al393 Gower CA II 71.1316-8: For also wel Lydgate Pilgrimage 521.19549-50: Than y, sehe myhte seie, "Go tak the Mone ther it sit," lykned to the moone, Ffolk wyl chaunge my As bringe that into my wit. Cf. Tilley M1124. name sone, al439 Fall II 339.364: Off chaunges Μ6β2 To vary like the Moon braideth offter than the moone, III 824.38: al400 Wyclif Sermons II 177[22-4]: An unstable Frenshep chaungeth as doth the cloudi moone, sikenesse, that varieth as the moone. For as the 1002.2938. cl440 Charles of Orleans 137.4085-6: moone is modir of moiste thingis, so it hath Me thynk y ledde a liif liik to the mone Now unstable movyng. See M650, 655. fülle now wane now round now chaungid this. al449 Lydgate See Myche in MP II 800.3-4: МббЗ To wax and wane like the Moon Lyke as the mone chaungith a-fore the pryme aI200 Ancrene 87.14-5: The mone woneth So faryth this worlde. alSOO Nut Brown Maid and waxeth ne nis neaver studevest, and bi176.37-8. 1506 HawesPoifime 83.2129,155.4112. tacneth for thi worltliche thinges, the beoth as Oxford 88; Tilley M i l l i ; Whiting Scots II 100. the mone eaver ichange. al375 All Other Love See M647, 652, 662. in Brown Lyrics XIV 65.1-4: Al other love is lych the mone That wext and wanet as flour M656 To (give) light like the Moon in plein, As flour that fayret and favs^ sone. alOOO Vercelli Homilies 87.178-9: He . . . lyht As day that scwret and endt in rein. cl375 swa mone. William of Nassington Poem on the Trinity in M657 (To imagine, cast) above (beyond) the Perry Religious Pieces 64.53-4: Of owre lyfe, that passes here sonne. And waxes and wanes Moon cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 102.197-8: I may als lyghte of the Monne. cl380 Chaucer HF not lett a man to ymagine Ferre above the 2115-6: Somme to wexe and wane sone. As mone yf that hym lyst. aI500 Colyn Blowbol doth the faire white mone, с1395 CT IV[E] 104.268: And wenith thir wittes be be yonde 998: For lyk the moone ay wexe ye and wane. the mone. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 8.224: al400 Trust Not in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems That all is without Measure and fer beyonde 263.3-4: Worldes catel passet sone That wacset the mone. 1546 Heywood D 25.36: Feare may and wansit rit as te mone. al420 Lydgate Troy force a man to cast beyonde the moone, 1555 I 116.3510-1: To-day thei wexe and to-morwe E 180.191, 1556 Spider 422[3]: Blowing meate wane. As doth the mone. 1509 Barclay Ship II here (raw and roste) beyond the mone. Apper- 319[10]: Wexynge and waynynge lyke the son 84; O φ r d 81; Tilley M1114; Whiting mone. Drama 355:717, Scote II 100. Μ6β4 As clear as the Moonlight M658 To move like the Moon al400 PChaucer Rom. A 1010: And clere as the cl475 Henryson Ressoning 180.46: Quhen thi mone lyght. Svartengren 363. manheid sail move as the mone. M659 To prove (make one believe that) the Μ665 To shine like the Moonlight cl390 Chaucer CT VII 879-80[В2069-70]: His Moon is made of (a) green cheese brydel . . . shoon . . . as the moone light. See 1528 More Heresy es 256 H[2-3]: Able to prove M660. the mone made of greene cheese. 1546 Heywood D 86.218-9: Ye set circumquaques to M666 Moonshine in the water make me beleve Or thinke, that the moone is 1468 Paston IV 305[20-l]: And put in hope of made of a greene cheese. Apperson 425; Oxford the moone shone in the water and I wot nat 431; Taylor and Whiting 249; Tilley М Ш б ; what. 1534 More Comforte 1184 A[2-5]: The Whiting Drama 354:716. priestes make folke fast, and put them to paine about the moone shene in the water, and doe M660 To shine like (the) Moon al400 Chestre Launfal 60.271-2: Hys eyen were but make folk foles. 1546 Heywood D 53.401: carbonkeles bryght—As the mone the schon As waite againe for the mooneshine in the anyght. al475 Landavall 108.85-6: In his water, 1555 E 192.264. Apperson 426; Oxford mouthe a carboucle, bright As the mone that 432; Tilley M1128. shone light. al500 Eger Ρ 272.970: It shone as Moone doth in the night. Whiting Ballad 30. M667 As black as a Moor 1485 Caxton Charles 123.19: Marpyn the theef See M665. as blacke as a moore, 191.22, cl489 Aymon II 565.30-2: But soo was not ganellon for he was M661 To take the Moon where it sits

M685

411

More

soo angry for it, that he became as blacke as M678 More behooves (belongs) to the plow al393 Cower CA III 452.2424-7: I wot and a moure. Tilley M1130. have it wel conceived, Hou that thi will is good M668 As bimodered (covered with mud [MED]) ynowh; Rot mor behoveth to the plowh, Wheras a Moorhen of the lacketh, as I trowe. Apperson 503:6; al325 On Consistory Courts in Böddeker 111.58: Oφrd 705; Tilley M1156; Whiting Scots II Ant heo cometh bymodered as a morhen. 112. M669 As one speaks More the less he is believed M679 The Mo(re) the merrier e900 Old English Cato 5.10-1: Swa mann mare cl380 Pearl 31.850: The mo the myryer, so specSi swa him laes manna gelefeö. See L67, God me blesse. 1546 Heywood D 82.65-6: The M773. mo the merier, we all daie here and see. Ye, M670 He that dispends More than he has is but the fewer the better fare. Apperson 428; Oxford 433; Taylor and Whiting 250; Tilley smitten to death without stroke 1474 Caxton Chesse 148[10-2]: And also hit is M1153; Whiting Drama 139. sayd that he that dispendith more than he hath M680 The More you seek the more you will with oute strook he is smyten to the deth. See find M672. cl450 Merlin I 139[17]: The more thow sechest M671 He that has More should be worshipped the more shalt thow f ^ d e . See SI36. (worth) more Μβ8Ι To do More than the priest spoke of on al400 Wyclif Sermons II 31[4-5]: For it is a Sunday comune proverb, he that more hath, more 1546 Heywood D 96.177-8: 1 woulde dooe shulde he be worshipid, 190-1: And so this is more (quoth hee) Than the preest spake of on a fais principle that worldly men usen today,— sonday. Apperson 512; Tilley M1161. ever the more that a man hath, ever the more worth he is. See M265, 274. Μβ82 To keep no More of the cat than her skin cI450 Douce MS.52 50.74: I kepe no more but M672 He that spends More than he gets shall the skyn of the catt. cl450 Rylands MS.394 lead a beggar's life 100.12^^.21: of the katte but the skynne. Apperal475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.76: He that son 89:74; Oxford 457; Tilley M1167. See F600. spendyth mor then he gettythe, a beggerrys l ^ e he schall lede. Apperson 595:10. See M670, M683 To lose More than one wins T250. cl450 Merlin II 196[27-8]: Full nygh hadde ye more loste than wonne, 246(19]. 1523 Berners M673 If they had done More they had lost Froissart II 497[6-7]: We may lose more than more wyn. See M707. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 177[29-30]: For if they had done more, more had they lost. Whit- M684 To say no More till the days be longer ing Froissart 298:60. 1555 Heywood E 176.168: I wyll say no more, tyll the dayes be longer. Apperson 551; Oxford M674 The More a man can (krwws) the more 563; Tilley M1142. he is worth cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 544.7547: Vor M685 To think More than one says (varied) the more that a man can the more wurthe he is. al300 Alisaunder 415.7672: She thoughth more M675 The More a man has the more bumingly than she seide. сХЗЗО Seuen Sages A 19.510: Sehe thought wel more thanne she said, 82 В he asks 1928: More he thowght than he sayd. cl375 cl340 Rolle Psalter 97 (26.12): The mare that 1881 a man has the brennandere he askis. See C305. Si. Eustace in Horstmann Legenden 217.299: Litel he spak and thouhte more. al393 M676 More and enough is no sore Gower CA II 93.2105-6: And to his tale an Ere cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 43.1155-6: More he leide. And thoghte more than he seide. and ynough to have, it is not soor. And spare al400 Ipomadon A 8.190-2: No thyng he sayd, wel, whil ther is aboundaunce. what so he thoughte. But stode stille and answeryd nought. But thynkyd ylka dell. al400 M677 "More and more" is a song often sung al450 Castle 158.2716-7: "More and more," King Edward 970.599: He thoght more then he in many a place, Certys that song is oftyn songe, seyde. cl400 Triamour 51.125. 1404 Leme say wele in Kail 15.16. aI425 Metrical Paraphrase 159.2759, 2762, 2774.

Morning

412

ОТ 82.16739: Sho toyght more then scho sayd. al445 Carl 133 В 225-6: "Sir," said Gawaine, "I sayd nought." "No, man," said the carle, "more thou thought," 138 A 377, 139 В 315-6. al450 Partonope 84.2702: He seyyth butte lytell, butte more thynckyth he. al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 374.278: Ac he ne seyde but lyte, they he thought the more. al461 John the Reeve 561.101-2. al470 Malory II 488.31-2: And seyde but lytyll, but he thought the more. cl475 Why I Can't 139.62: 1 seyde but lytylle and thowght the more. cl477 Caxton Jason 171.37-8: Howe well she answerde not one word, wherfore she thoughte not the lasse. alSOO Clerk and the Husbandman in Bobbins 181.30: And qwer thay say lyttyll thai thynke moe. al500 Eger H 285.1664: Few words they said, but many thought. cl522 Skelton Speke II 19.381: Some say but lityll, and thynke more in there thowghte. 1525 Berners Froissart V 73[5-6]: They . . . spake nothynge therof, but they thought the more, 153[9-10], 459[38-9]: But pacyentely suffred; howebeit he thought the more. 1546 Heywood D 63.63: I say little . . . but I thinke more. Apperson 551; Oxford 563; Taylor and Whiting 319; Tilley L367; Whiting Scote II 139, 161. M686 Cloudy Mornings tum to clear afternoons 1546 Heywood D 98.254: Thus cloudy momynges tume to cleere after noones. Apperson 103; Oxford 98; Tilley M1178. See C315, M693.

M686

M690 Suffer old Morel (o dark colored horse) to play al500 Remedie of Love CCCXXII''[1.26]: О suffre yet olde Morell to plaie. (Let an old man frisk with women.) See G473. M691 As fair as the bright Morrow cl386 Chaucer LGW 1202: And she as fair as is the bryghte morwe. M692 night al420 liehe, dirke,

The glad Morrow sues (follows) the dark Lydgate Troy I 261.4092-3: For evene as the glade morwe, Of kynde sweth the blake nyght.

M693 Of a full misty Morrow follows oft a merry summer's day с 1385 Chaucer TC iii 1060-4: For I have seyn, of a fill misty morwe Folowen ful ofte a myrie someris day; And after wynter foloweth grene May. Men sen alday, and reden ek in stories. That after sharpe shoures ben victories. Oxford 98; Skeat 182. Cf. Apperson 429; Tilley M1178. See M686. M694 The shining Morrow has oft a stormy eve aI440 Burgh Cato 310.279: The shynyng morwe hath ofte a stormy eve. See E155. M695 A sweamful (sad) Morrow has a joyful evening 1449 Metham 75.2045: Thus hath this sqwemfful morw a joe-ful evynyng. See B325, E161, 175.

M687 A glad Morning is oft followed by a dark M696 To be like the bright Morrow of May day cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1748: That she was al439 Lydgate Fall III 966-7.1695-8: But ofte lyk the brighte morwe of May. it fallith, that a glad morwenyng. Whan Phebus sheweth his bemys deer and briht, The day M697 His Morrow-sleep shall be more lasting sumtyme, therupon folwyng. With sum dirk skie that has evilly drunk in the even is clipsid of his liht. See Ρ16β. cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 100 Τ 260-4: And his morghe-sclep Sal ben muchil lestind(e) (MaidM688 Many are jolly in the Morning and thole stone the werse) Werse the swo on even Yvele (suffer) death in the evening (varied) haved ydronken. MED drinken 3. al300 Alisaunder 53.916-7: Many ben jolyf in the morowenyng And tholen deth in the evenyng. M698 To shine like the Morrow Star 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 225'[2.30-l]: 1480 Caxton Ovyde 120[2β-8]: Some ther ben that lawh in the momyng And er the even com Whoos leves shone lyke to the morow sterre. they complayne and wepe. Tilley M1176. Cf. Svartengren 227. Whiting Drama 302. See F549. M699 A shining Morrow-tide betokens clear weather M689 As light as Morning Star cl400 Three Kings 2.22-3: A shynyng moroweаЭОО Old English MaHyrology 66.18-9: His tyde bitokeneth a deer wheder folowing. eagan scinon swa leohte swa morgensteorra. c970 Bückling Homilies 137[30]: Hit wœs jja M700 Better a Morsel of bread with joy than swa leoht swa se mergenlica steorra. Cf. Svar- a houseful of delices with chiding (varied) tengren 227. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 633: "Bettre is a morsel

M710

413

of breed with joye than an hous ful of dehces with chidynge," seith Salomon. cl395 WBible Proverbs xvii 1: Betere is a drie mussel (al382: morsel) with joye, than an hous ful of sacrifices with chidynge. al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 581.428-31: Salomon wryteth, howe hit ys bet by hälfe A lompe of brede with rejoysyng, Then at festis to have a rostyd calfe With hevy chere, frownyng or grogyng. MED bettre le (b). See A256, B4I2, C176, 178, D257, L387, 388, M614, P268, 329, 336, Q19, S916. M701 Fat Morsels and sweet make many (a) one to beg his bread aI475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.75: Fatt mosellys and swett makyth mony on to begge ther brede. M702 Not worth a Morsel of bread cl475 Mankind 25.691: Yt ys not schapyn worth a morseli of brede.

Mofe CT II1[D] 868: As thikke as motes in the sonnebeem. aI400 Scottish Legends II 61.493-4: That thai fulfillit sa the are As motis ar in sownbeme fare. cl400 Laud Troy I 202.6848-9: He falles hem thikker, than the motes In somertide fflyen In the sonne. cl410 Lovelich Merlin II 383.14320-2: Men and hors . . . As thikke fallen . . . As that motes flen in the feld. aI438 Kempe 88.8-9: As thykke in a maner as motys in the sunne. cI440 On Grace in Yorkshire Writers I 309[2]: Ma thykkere and more glowande teres thene motes ere in the sonne. cl450 Owayne Miles (Brome) 98.407-8: Fyndys stodyne on every syde As thyke as motys yn somer tyde, (Auchinleck) 106.120[5-6]: Never mot in sonne beme Thicker than the fendes yede. cl500 Melusine 174.32-3: For there had ye seen arowes flee as thykk as motes in the sonne. 1515 Barclay Si. George 67.1599: Sawe soules thycker than motes in the son. 1556 Heywood Spider 261[2]: They will marche on, as thick, as motes in the soon. Tilley M1192; Whiting Scots II 101.

M703 Backare {stand back), quoth Mortimer to his sow 1546 Heywood D 50.316; Nay, backare (quoth mortimer to his sow), 1555 E 181.194.1: Backare quoth Mortimer to his sow: se Mortimers sow M710 Mote (stalk, straw, festu) and beam (balk) speakth as good latin as he. Apperson 21; Ox- a900 Alfred Gregory (Cotton) 224.1-2: {)u meaht gesion lytelne ciS on Öines broSur eagan, and ford 18; Tllley M1183. ne meaht gefredan micelne beam on Öinum M704 He that Most takes has most charge agnan. clOOO WSG Matthew vii 3: To hwi (varied) gesihst 1ш {>aet mot on Jîines brojjor eagan, and 1402 Jack Upland in Skeat Chaucerian 197.214: Jju ne gesyhst |эопе beam on fiinum agenum Sith he that moost taketh, most charge he hath. eagan? Luke vi 41: ¡за egle on Jjines brojjor cl412 Hoccleve Regement 48.1310: Whoso eagan. 1340 Ayenbite 175[ll-3]: Thet y-zyeth moost hath, he moost of schal answere. Whiting thet mot ine the othres eghe and ne yzyeth Scots II 100-1. naght thane refter ine hire oghene eghe. cl378 Piers В X 263-4: Why mevestow thi mode for M705 Most shall have that most may do a mote in thi brotheres eye, Sithen a beem in al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 102.2862: Bot thine owne ablyndeth thi-selve? 277-8: Lewed most shal have, that most may do. men may likne yow thus, that the beem lithe in yowre eyghen, And the festu is fallen for M706 Those that adventure Most win most yowre defaute. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3919-20: 1525 Berners Froissart IV 305[2-4]: Some . . . He kan wel in myn eye seen a stalke. But in moost adventured, and therby wan moost. his owene he kan nat seen a balke. cl395 Pierce 6.140-2: Theire-as curteis Crist clereliche M707 To think to win Most and lose most al533 Berners Arthur 316[23-4]: They that had saide, "Whow myght-tou in thine brother eighe thought moost for to have wonne, I thynke hath a bare mote loken, And in thyn owen eighe nought a bem toten?" cl395 WBible Matthew nowe most loste. See AI04, M683, 774, 780. vii 3: But what seest thou a litil mote in the ighe of thi brother, and seest not a beem in M708 As innumerable as Motes of the sun al475 St. Birgitta 98.7: Unnowmerable as motes thine owne ighe? Luke vi 41. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 12[5-6]: That thei can see a mot in of the sonne. hir brother eye, but a beem in ther owen ighe M709 As thick as Motes in (the) sun(-beam) thenke thei not oon. cl400 Vices and Virtues al300 Arthour and M.i 255.9159-60: Also thicke 177.14-5: For thei seen wel a strawe in a-notherys the aruwe schoten. In sonne bem so doth the eighe, but thei see not a schide in here moten. al300 Richard 355.5439-40 (var.): owne. 1402 Daw Topias 95[14-7]: Bot thou Quarellys, arwes also thykke gan flye, As mootes accusist other men That han bot the mote In in the soone that men myght se. cl395 Chaucer

Mote

414

the comparison Of alle your gret synnes. al415 Mirk Festíal 86.31-2: And full eldyr seen a mote yn another manys ее that con not se a beam yn hor one. cl415 Middle English Sermons 140.13-4: Cast avey first the bolke outs of thi eye, and than thou may cast oute the mote cute of thi brothers eye. al425 Rule of St. Benet (1) 5.34-5: In thi brothir ehe thu ses a stra, And noht a balke in thin aghen. al425 WBible gloss to Proverbs xxv 26: Of a festu he makith a beem. al439 Lydgate Fall III 790. 570-1: Of a smal mote ye can abraide me. But in your eye a beem ye cannat see, al449 Exposition in MP I 68.244-6: Can In myn eien nat seen a large beem. Though it spradde al abrood this Rewm, Can seen weell motys in other menhis sight. cI449 Pecock Repressor I 3[25-8]. al450 Audelay 146.434-7: Fore a lytil mote ye con sone se In another mons ye then. Bot in your owne ye con not se Thagh ther be fallyn in ix or x. al450 Myne awen dere 169.623-6. aI450 Rule of St. Benet (2) 59.401-4. cl450 Alphabet I 155.26-9: And than he askid hym of the balke and the mote, what thai wer; and he told hym whatt thai war. And than he bad hym umthynk hym in his awn harte that this balk was his awn synys, and this litle mote was the synnys of the toder man. 1456 Hay Govemaunce 156.22-4: That he se nocht (sic) a mote in his falowis eye, and nocht a grete balk in his awin eyne. al475 Vision of Philibert 24[5-6]: Fyrst take the pylere out of thyne ye. Or one me thou put anny defaute. 1481 Caxton Reynard 74[3-5], 1483 Cato D7"-[5-7], 1484 Royal Book 04^3-5]: For they see wel a lytel festue or a lytel mote in the eyen of other and beholde not a grete beme or blocke whyche is in theyr owen eyen. 1491 Rule of St. Benet (3) 119.24-6. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 207: Cast the beame out of thie owne eye, then thou maist see a mothe in another mans. 1509 Barclay Ship I 112[22-6]: He . . . may . . . be callyd a sote . . . Whiche in a nothers iye can spye a lytell mote And in his owne can nat fele nor espye A moche stycke. 1509 Watson Ship F3''[13-5]: Suche folltes spyeth well a lytell theme in another mannes eye, but they se not a grete beme in theyr owne eye, Н1''[4-5]. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 17.499-500: Beis not ourstudyus to spy a mote in myne e. That in your awyn a ferry boyt can nocht se, IV 189.66: Quhilk in myne e fast staris a mote to spy. 1533 More Confutación 646 E[l-3]: Take the beames out of your own eien . . . ere ye goe aboute to take the motes out of other mens. 1546 Heywood

M711 D 83.106-7: Ye can see a mote in an other mans iye. But ye can not see a balke in your owne. Apperson 430; MED balke 3(b); Oxford 435; Taylor and Whiting 18; Tilley M1191; Whiting Scots II101. Cf. Smith 97, 100. See B37.

M711 Not help a Mote cl390 Sir Gawain 68.2209: Hit helppes me not a mote. M712 Not reck as much as a Mote cl412 Hoccleve Regement 35.943: Nat wold I rekke as mochel as a mote. M713 Not set a Mote al450 St. Editha 30.1320: Bot he set not by that leste a mote. M714 To pick (out) a Mote cl440 Charles of Orleans 171.5113: A ye my frend kan ye suche motis piik. a1475 Ludus Coventriae 91.283: Blere myn ey and руке out a mote. M715 Not (a)vail a Moth (or ?Mote) al500 Lay of Sorrow 718.140: It valith nocht a moth. M716 To melt away {die) like a Moth cl390 This World in Brown Lyrics XIV 161.42: Mon melteth a-wey so deth a mouht. M717 Abide, friend, your Mother bided till you were bom 1546 Heywood D 97.239: But abyde freend, your mother bid till ye were bome. Tilley F682a. M718 His Mother could not have known him al475 Gui/2 311.10825-6: Noght hys modur, that hym bere, Kowde not have knowyn hym there. Taylor and Whiting 251. M719 Many (ilka, every, each) (a) Mother's son (baim, child) al225 Si. Marherete (Bodley) 6.3: An of the moni moder-bem. cl250 Hendyng О 197.33[4]: Mani modersone. alSQO Jacob and Joseph 6.155: Mani a moder sone. aI300 Richard 106.541, 295.4072, 301.4244: And with hym every modyr sone, 304.4308: And slowgh every modyr sone. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 387.5313: Ther was many moder child, с 1300 South English Legendary (Laud) 103.97: And thare schal mani a moderchild go to thi foule licame. cl325 Chronicle 13.288. cl380 Cleanness 49.1303: With moni a modey moder chylde mo then innoghe. al400 Alexander С 118.2098: For mekely ilka modire son. al400 Firumbras 50.1567: Many was the modyr sone. al400 Guy^ 628.174: Many a moder

M723

415

Mother-wit

soné. cl400 Laud Troy I 206.6989: But ther M722 (In one's) Mother-tongue come many a moder bame. al425 Higdencl250 Oure Fader in MLN 49(1934) 236: Oracio Anon. Cont. VIII 483[26-7]·. Lete us go and dominica in materna lingua: Fader that hart slee every moders son of theym. al425 Metrical in hevene. cl378 PPurvey De Officio Pastorali Paraphrase ОТ 60.7769: Kyng David sayd what in Wyclif EW 430[4-5]: The comyns of engmoder sun. cl426 Brut II 435.17: And they liyschmen knowen it best in ther modir tunge. weren, evyry modir sone, slayne. cl440 Prose cl385 Usk 2.37-8: Suche wordes as we lemeden Alexander 17.20-1: And slewe tham ilke a moder of our dames tonge. cl395 Arundel MS.254 son, 49.25-6. cl443 Chronicle of London in WBible I xiv, n.k[2.57]: The gospel in her 36[9-10]: But the Normaunes were sclayn every modir tunge. cl395 WBible Prologue I 59[9], modir sone, 116(18]. al447 Bokenham Mappula [34]: here modir language. Additional Prologue 30[7-8]: And slowe esche modris sonne. cl450 to John [8]: in her modir tunge. cl400 Brut Chronicles of London 138[28]: Be yolden every II 315.18: Shold piede in her moder tunge. moderson un to the lordys above. cl450 Merlin cl400 Lay Folks' Catechism 15.236, 41.631. II 401[17]: Many a fre modres childe lay stiked. cl400 Office of Curates in Wyclif EW 159[4]. cl450 Robin Hood and the Monk in Child III cl405 Lollard Tract in Medium Mvum 7(1938) 98.24, 27. 1455 Paston III 26[36-7]: Every moder 174.153, 160, 178.288: modir langage. al410 sone. al470 Malory II 621.32-3: For he castyth Love Mirrour 56[23-4]: The moder tonge of that we shall never ascape, modyrs sonne of us. oure lady and alle Jewes. aI415 Lanterne 18.23-4, cl485 Malory I 77.30-1 {var.)·. And there were 100.3-4: Englische, that is oure modir tunge. slayn many moders sones. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 1422 Yonge Governaunce 122.8: Youre modyr 370[17]: Tbey were slayne every mothers sonne. Englyshe tonge. al425 Chester Plays I 237.187. Occidione occisi sunt, 375[33]: Omnes ad unum cl440 Scrope Epistle 2[22]. cl443 Pecock Reule cesi sunt. Apperson 190-1; Oxford 435; Tilley 17[13]: in her modiris langage, 18[3, 7, 8, 11], M1202. 85[14], 87[3I], 99[6]. al447 Bokenham Mappula 30[2β, 31], 33[32]. al449 Lydgate and Burgh M720 Such Mother such child (daughter) (varied) Secrees 51.1588. cl449 Pecock Repressor 19[5-6]: al325 Cursor II1080 CG 18857: О suilk a moder, It were leemed of al the comon peple in hir wel slik a child. cl395 WBible Ezekiel xvi 44-5: modiris langage, [25-6], 47[4], 66[3]. al456 ShirLo! ech man that seith a proverbe comynli, ley Death of James 29[10-1]: Oure moders Engschal take it to thee, and schal scie, As the lisshe tong. 1479 Paston VI 6[6-7]: In modre modir, so and the doughtir of hir. cl450 Con- tunge callyd Benett. 1481 Caxton Mirror 184[19sail and Teiching 73.253-4: Cud mothir child 20]: This forsayd translación in to our englissh gud we presume Sa scho be kepyt fra 111 Cus- and maternal tongue. alSOO Parienay 224.6573: tume. cl450 fiato 27.939-42: For comonly thai In our moder tonge, spoken in contre. cl500 folow kynd And gretly to the modiris strind. Betson Treatyse A2'"[5-6]. cl500 Fabyan Sen thar is bot the lyklyest Haid ay gud mothir 476[16]. 1506 Kalender 169.3. 1509 Barclay dochtir best. 1474 Caxton Chesse 33[9-10]: Ship I 17[23-4], II 326[7]: In langage matemall. For suche moder suche doughter comunely, 1509 Fisher Treatyse 126.19. 1509 Watson Ship 1483 Cato G4"'[14-5]: For the doughters folowen Al''[20] {the second of two A signatures)·. Our ofte the condycyons and maners of the moders. matemall tongue of Englysshe. 1510 Copland Apperson 367; O φ r d 435; Tilley M1199; WhitApolyn 2[18-9]: Our matemal Englysshe ing Scots II 101. Cf. Jente 142. See C89, D25, tongue. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 139[1]: He F80, L385. speketh well in his mothers tonge. Eloquens est in lingua vemacula: non materna. cl520 M721 To be Mother-naked Terens Α1"·[3]. 1528 More Heresyes 154 D[17], cl330 Peniworth 116.282: Thei we ben bothe 240 H[15], 1532 Confutación 397 H[2], 415 modemaked. cl390 Talkyng 44.28-9: Thou G[ll-2], 675 C[2], 761 C[14]. Taylor and Whitweore honged al mooder naked. al400 Siege of ing 251; Whiting Drama 355:719, Scote II 101. Jerusalem 19.346. cl420 Wyntoun V 83.2747. al438 Kempe 190.20: Al modyr-nakyd as he was M723 Mother-wit born. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 358.608. cl450 Idley 181.1336: All this they sey cometh cl450 How mankinde dooth in Fumivall Hymns of a verri modir w^tt. 1528 More Heresyes 153 58.11-2: I saw a child modir nakid. New bom H[l-4]: One speciali thynge, without which the modir fro. 1481 Caxton Reynard 22[23]. all lemynge is hälfe lame . . . a good mother Whiting Scote II 101. See B466. wyt. 1556 Heywood Spider 33[2]: By mine ex-

Mount

416

perience and mother wit. Taylor and Whiting 251. M724 Who Mounts higher than he should falls lower than he would 1484 Caxton Aesop 217[21-3]: For men sayn comynly who so mounteth hyher than he shold he falleth lower than he wold. Tilley M1211. See C296.

353.12998: Mad and dronke, as ys A mous. al500 Colyn Blowbol 98.141: That oft hath made (me) dronke as any mous, 103.243: And every man shalbe as drownke as any mous. al500 Greene Carols 401 A 4: Sum will be dronkyn as a mowse. cl522 Skelton Colyn I 342.803. Apperson 166-7; Oxford 159; Tilley M1219; Whiting Scots II 101.

M732 As fearful as a Mouse M725 As high as Mountains a 1533 Berners Huon 367.29-30: The waves . . . al420 Lydgate Troy I 231.3024: Ferful for drede were as hye as mountaynes, 621.1. Whiting NC as a litel mows. 447. M733 As sure as a Mouse tied with a thread M726 A Mountain might be sooner (re)moved 1546 Heywood D 88.267-9: Every promise that 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 37.852-4: A thou therin dost utter Is as sure as . . . a mouse mountayne or hyll soner, leve ye me, Myght be tied with a threede. Apperson 431; Tilley remoeved agaynst the course of nature Than M1225. she for to graunte to suche worldly pleasure. M734 As weak as a Mouse See M564, R161, S792, W24. al475 Tree 149.10: He is as weyke as a mouse. M727 Beware of high Mounting for fear of over M735 A hardy Mouse that breeds in the cat's low descending 1493 Tretyse of Love 122.1-2: Beware of hye ears (varied) mountynge for fere of over lowe descendynge. al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 452.95-6: An hardy mous, that is bold to brede In cattys eris, See C296. that brood shal never the. al500 Hill 128.4: M728 After Mourning mirth is sweeter It is a sotill mowsse, that slepith in the cattis cl485 Guiscardo 42.90-1: For evyr aftyr mornyng ere. 1522 Skelton Why Come II 50.753-6: Yet the myrthe ys the swetter. And aftyr gret sorow it is a wyly mouse That can bylde his dwellinge the joy shalbe the bettyr. See P7, 225. house Within the cattes eare Withouten drede or feare. 1546 Heywood D 76.193: A wyly M729 Mourning makes no mend (varied) mouse that should breede in the cats eare. Apal425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 73.8255-6: He person 431; Oxford 54; Tilley M1231. bad all men be blyth Sen mowmyng made no mende, 13.14255-6: Grett mornyng may not Μ73β Mice lake (play) where no bads (cats) are amend Wher no relefe may ryse. al450 Partonope (varied) 240.6236-7: Ye shende your-selfe, and ther-fore al400 Alexander С 98.1761-3: And maa thi lepis grette ffoly Hyt ys, sythe a-mendyd hyt may not and thi laikis and quat the liste ellis. As ratons be. al460 Towneley Plays 192.202: Mowr(n)yng, or rughe myse in a rowme chambre, Aboute тагу, may not amend. al500 Coventry Plays in beddis or in bemys thare baddis ere nane. 65.1022: But momyng ma nott ytt amend. cl440 Prose Alexander 21.20-4: Righte as a Whiting DrarrM 284. See C43, D337, G455, H134, mouse crepeth oute of his hole, so thou ert K96, L52, R81, 87, S514, T160. cropen out of the lande of Sethym, wenynge viat a few rebawdes to conquere and optene the M730 As drenlcled (drowned) as a Mouse al450 Castle 168.3079-80: In pycke and ter, to landes of Perse brade and lange, and to ryotte grone and grenne. Thou schalt lye drenkelyd and playe the in thaym as myesse douse in the house whare na cattes ere. cl470 Harley as a mous. М8.33в2 in Retrospective 309[10] and Förster M731 As drunk(en) as a (any) Mouse 201.10: The mows lordchypyth, ther a cat ys с 1325 Mon in the Moon in Brown Lyrics XIII nawt. Mus debaccatur, ubi catus non dominatur. 161.31: When that he is dronke ase a dreynt Apperson 89; Jente 276; Oxford 84; Smith 22; mous. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1261: We faren Tilley C175; Walther I 225.1967, II 1019.15760. as he that dronke is as a mous, с 1395 III[D] 246: Thou comest hoom as dronken as a mous, M737 The Mouse goes abroad where the cat is a1400 Vespasian Psalter in Yorkshire Writers not lord II 243.106.27: Thai ere dreved and ere stired alSOO Hill 132.48: The mowse goth a-brode, als dronkin mis. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage wher the cat is not lorde, Mus devagatur, ubi

M754

417

catus non dominatur. Apperson 431; Oxford 84; Tilley M1232.

Mouth

his mouth kepith, Keepith his soule, as that the bookes teeche.

M738 A Mouse in time may bite a cable in two M751 In Mouth a lion, in heart a hare (sheep) 1546 Heywood D 84.146: A mouse in tyme, cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 665.9384: Is maie byte a two a gable (for cable). Apperson mouth is as a leon, is herte am as an hare. 430-1; Oxford 437; Tilley M1235. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 491[13-4]: In the mouth he is a lyoun, and in the herte an hare. M739 A Mouse that has but one hole is not cl500 Fabyan 266[9]: In mowth he is a lyon, worth a leek but in hart he is a shepe. See L38. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 572-4: 1 holde a mouses herte nat worth a leek That hath but M752 An itching Mouth is a sign of kissing ООП hole for to sterte to, And if that faille, cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3682-3: My mouth hath thanne is al ydo. Apperson 431; Oxford 437; icched al this longe day; That is a signe of kissyng atte leeste. Skeat 270; Tilley M1236. M753 A lickerish Mouth must have a lickerish M740 To be borne to ground like a Mouse cl400 Laud Troy I 204.6917-8: Kyng Thelaman tail at that rescous Was born to grounde as a mous. 01395 Chaucer CT 1II[D] 464-6: And after wyn on Venus moste 1 thynke. For al so siker as M741 To catch a Mouse in a cage is no mastery cold engendreth hayl, A likerous mouth moste cl400 Beryn 11.320: And also it is no mastry han a likerous tayl. Apperson 370; Oxford 364; to cach a mouse in a cage. Cf. To shoot fish Tilley T395. in a barrel. M754 Mouth and heart agree (varied) M742 To cheep like a Mouse с Ш О Rolle Psalter 228 (65.16): That .i. hafe in al513 Dunbar Wowing 53.55: The lamb than mouth .i. hafe in hert. cl390 Who says the Sooth cheipit lyk a mows. in Brown Lyrics XIV 152.9: Herte and mouth loke thei ben tweyne. al393 Gower CA II M743 To hide a Mouse cl400 Laud Troy I 52.1757-8: Ther nys nought 4.61 °-2°: A gentil herte his tunge stilleth, That stondende an hous In al the toun to hide a it malice non distilleth. III 27.2923-5: For as men seith, Whan that a man schal make his mous. feith. His herte and tunge moste acorde. cl400 M744 To slay (people) like Mice Lay Folks'Catechism 39.594-6: God commandys el400 Laud Troy I 235.7981: Ector hem sclow, . . . that the herte and the mowth acorde toas it were mys. gydre. cl415 Middle English Sermons 62.34-5: M745 What may the Mouse (do) against the cat? Latt the herte and the tounge a-corde in hem. al393 Gower CA II 270.1643: What mai the al420 Lydgate Troy I 89.2592-3: Myn hert(e) menyth as my tong(e) seith. 1422 Yonge GoverMous ayein the Cat? naunce 187.16-7: Ffor hit is not fere fro the M746 To creep into a Mousehole for fear herte, that the mouthe Spekyth. al425 Mirk al475 Assembly of Gods 57.1952-3: For feere Instructions 2.24-5: And say thy serves w^th. . . I wold have cropyn in a mouse hoole. Cf. owten hast. That mowthe and herte a-corden Tilley M1244. I-fere. al425 Rule of St. Benet (i) 19.18-9: And lokis, when ye sing, that yure herte acorde with M747 To be taken in one's Mousetrap yure voice. 1449 Metham 3.56: The mowth clSOO Our Sir John in Robbins 20.13-5: Ser John (schewyth) the hert. 1450 Diets 36.11-2: The ys taken In my mouse-trappe . . . He gropith (mouth) shewith that the whiche is in the hert. so nyslye a-bought my lape. See W530. cl450 Jacob's Well 304.27-8: Of the gret coveytise of good, desyre in thin herte, spekyth thi M748 As red as the Mouth of a furnace aI533 Berners Huon 427.18-9: His eyen . . . mowth. al470 Malory II 897.29: Loke that your harte and youre mowth accorde. al470 Parker more redder than the mouthe of a fomays. Dives Vl''[1.26-7]: The mouth bereth wytnesse M749 Every Mouth says not truth to the herte. cl475 RawUnson MS. D 328 1484 Caxton Ordre of Chyvalry 55.8-9: For 119.20: That the hert thynkyt the mowte spekyt. everyche mouth sayth not trouthe. See B221. 1477 Rivers Dictes 24[3-4]: The mouth sheweth ofte what the hert thinketh. 1483 Quatuor SerM750 He that keeps his Mouth keeps his soul mones 8[22-4]: In token that thou sayst wyth cl412 Hoccleve Regement 88.2431-2: He that

Mouth

418

thy mouth thou sholdest say it wyth thyn herte, and not say one and thynke another. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 26[l-2]: He seyth trouthe that thinkyst wyth his herte as he spekyth wyth his mowth. clSOO Newton 260.4: With hert and mothe accordynge in oon. al533 Berners Arthur 357[24]: That is had in the herte, is had in the mouth and speche. Apperson 295; MED herte 2b(b); Oxford 288; Tilley H334. See M759, T383.

M755 wer as your mouthe says. al470 Parker Dives M2''[1.6-9]: Bilinguis and the double tonged man is he that sayth one thynge with his mouth, and thynketh an other in his herte. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 40.9-10: And sayd to them with his mouth thynkyng contrary with his hert, 108.7-8: Sayng hyt with the mouth and not wyth the herte, 1480 Ovyde 46[28-9]: Take a kysse of her. Whyche I preyse not that whiche cometh of the mouth but that whyche cometh fro the hert is swete, 1483 Cato A4''[19-21]: Suche as they say with theyr mowthe is al contraye to that whiche the herte thynketh, 1484 Aesop 72[14-6]: And thenne the nyghtyngale begänne to synge swetely not with the herte but with the throte onely. 1495 Meditacyons of saynt Bernarde D5'"[10-l]: I sayd one thynge with my mouthe: and I thought a nother wyth my herte. al500 Deceit III in Bobbins 101.6: The mowthe seythe ane, the hert thinketh another. alSOO Imitatione (1) 69.17-8: Somme hath me in mouthe, but litel is in the herte, 108.8-9: Many preche with the mouthe, but in livynge thei discorde fer therfro. al500 Eger H 299.1901-2: But a fair tale it may be shovra. Another in the heart be known. al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 311.389-90: A currish herte, a mouth that is curteys, Ful wel ye wot, they be not according. 1502 Imitatione (2) 199.29-30: Some ther be that bere me in mouthe . . . but lytell in herte. cl505 Watson Valentine 217.21-3: Haufray and He(n)ry that same day said muche good of him with their mouthes, and with their hartes desyred his death. 1512 Copland Helyas A5''[10-l]: All these wordes sayd she with mouthe, but not with herte. al513 Dunbar None May Assure 45.41-2: Fra everie mouthe fair wordis procedis; In everie harte deceptioun bredis. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 84[26-8]: Some pardoneth well by mouthe . . . but yet the hatered remayneth styll in their corages. Jente 14; MED herte 2b(b); Taylor and Whiting 178; Tilley W672; Whiting Drama 45, 96, Scots I 187, II 102. See C174, H77, L376, 521, M570, S79, T383, W631.

M755 Mouth and heart do not agree (varied) al225 Lambeth Homilies 25[21]: He seith mid tha muthe thet nis naut in his heorte. cl250 Owl 58.675-8: An sone mai a word misreke Thar muth shal ayen horte speke; An sone mai a word misstorte Thar muth shal speken ayen horte. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 93.2639-40: Who-so with hys mouthe, one, seys, And with hys herte thenketh outher weys. cl340 Rolle Psalter 204 (57.1): Not ane in mouth another in hert. al350 Ytoain 2.39-40: With the mowth men makes it hale. Bot trew trowth es nane in the tale. cl350 Gamelyn 649.163-5: Thus seyde the knight to Gamelyn with mowthe, And thoughte eek of falsnes as he wel couthe. The knight thoughte on tresoun and Gamelyn on noon. al400 Cloud 102.5-6: Bitwix that prive pride in theire hertes with-inne and soche meek Wördes with-outyn, the sely soule may ful sone sinke into sorow. al400 Romaunt В 2541-2: For they in herte cunne thenke о thyng, And seyn another in her spekyng. cl415 Middle English Sermons 154.18-23: For it is wrytten, "Dum cor non orat, In vanum lingua laborat." That is to sey, "Ther the herte preyth not, the tonge trayveils in vayn:" ther-as the herte worshippes not, itt is but vaste that the tounge speketh. al420 Lydgate Troy I 67.1864: Whos herte acordeth ful selde with her tonge, aI430 Pilgrimage 325.11926-8: The mouth dyverseth ffro the herte; But herte and mouth be bothen on: By dyvers pathys, in soth, they gon. al438 Kempe 115.21-2: Sehe menyth not wyth hir hert as sehe seyth with hir mowthe. al439 Lydgate Fall I 322.4375: Thouh mouth and herte departed wer on tweyne. 1449 Metham 27.737: M756 One may not bless and curse with one But with ther mowth thei musyd one .]'., and Mouth with ther hert anodyr. al450 Audelay 95.4·^5: clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 36[6-7]: Ne magon we In mouth is hone swet wordis uchon; In hert is mid anum muSe bletsian and wyrian. Cf. Tilley galle; in dede, tresoun, 144.365-6: Fore wyle M1258. hert worchipis noght. The tong foresoth labors in vayne. al450 Gesta 244[12-3]: Thow erte a M757 One may not have a Mouth full of meal foole, for wherto prayst thou by mouthe and not and also blow fire withe thyne herte? al450 Fartorwpe 190.5049: с1025 Durham Proverbs 15.43: Ne maeg man Her hert ys full fer fro her worde. cl450 Pon- muji fulne melewes habban and eac fyr blawan. thus 7.31-2: Bot wold Gode that your hertt Non potest OS ambo plenum ferrine et ignem sufflare. Note (p. 18) cfs. Singer I 58-9 and

M775

Much

419

Flau tus Mostellaria 791: Simul flare sorbereque haud factu facilest.

361.77-8: Ya, late hym hyng. Full madly on the mone for to mowe, 79.

M758 A parlous Mouth is worse than spear M768 or lance grass al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 450.31: A perlous 1471 mouth is wers than spere or launce. See T395, doun we40. sithe

To beat down as a Mower beats down Caxton Recuyell II 419.22-3: He bete the casteliens like as a mowar with a bete doun the grasse in a medowe.

M759 (To have) all in Mouth that (is) in mind Μ7β9 As Much as one has (so) men will love cl025 Durham Proverbs 11.12: Eall on mujje (Ppraise) him {jset on mode. Omne in ore quod in mente. See aI200 Lawman I 129.3055-6: Al swa muchel M754. swa thu havest. Men the wllet luvien. See G344, M265, 671. M760 To make a fair Mouth cl350 Good Wife E 160.38: Laghe the might M770 He forgets Much that abides long and faire mouth make. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 353.11377-8: Seynt Bernard tharfore, to swych chyt. And seyth M761 To make up one's Mouth "moche forgyt, that longe abyt." 1546 Heywood D 52.377: To make up my mouthe. Apperson 393; Oxford 399; Tilley M771 He has done so Much with his two hands M1263; Whiting Drama 354:706-7. that he is come from the most to the least 1483 Caxton Cato G3''[ll-3]: The comyn proM762 To seem to have crept out of one's verbe sayth. The same hath doon so moche by Mouth his two handes that he is come fro the moest cl400 Beryn Q7.3232·. Be-hold thy sonel it unto the leste. semeth crope out of thy mowith. Apperson 367; M772 He spares Much that has nought Oxford 368; Tilley M1246. cl450 Douce MS.52 55.124: He sparyth muche, M763 To serve Mouth thankless that has nouhght. See N145. al500 Kennedy 12.8 {refrain): That evir I schervit Mowth-thankless. Whiting Scots II 102. M773 He that claps (speaks) Much hes oft (says not ever truth) M764 To speak as though he would creep into 1402 Hoccleve Letter of Cupid 78.141-2: A foule one's Mouth thing ys of tonge to be lyght; For who so 1546 Heywood D 94.142: Ye speake now, as ye mychel clappeth gabbeth oft. cl450 La Tourwould creepe into my mouth. Apperson 594; Landry 17.26-7: And y praie you have not Oxford 610; Tilley M1250. mani Wördes, for who so usithe to speke moche, he saithe not ever trouthe. See L67, M669. M765 To stop one's Mouth 1546 Heywood D 69.114: But that shall not M774 He that embraces too Much distrains stop my mouth, ye maie well gesse, 1555 E little 185.219: He shall not stop my mouth, no Nan cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1215[В2405]: For the I thinke that I beleve all the devils in hel proverbe seith: "He that to muche embraceth, stopth it nat. Tilley M1264. distreyneth litel." cl390 PChaucer Proverbs 5-8: Of al this world the large compas Hit wol M766 When the Mouth matheles (speaks) more not in myn armes tweyne,—Whoso mochel wol than it should the ears shall hear it eft (after- embrace, Litel therof he shal distreyne. cl430 wards) Lydgate Dance 44.344: Who al embraceth litel al250 Proverbs of Alfred 105 M 312-5: For schal restreyne. 1523 Berners Froissart II hwanne muth matheleth More thanne he scolde. 162[20-1]: Ye have herde say, dyvers tymes, he Than scollen his eren Eft it iheren. See T397. that to moche enbraseth, holdeth the wekelyer. Oxford 262: grasp; Skeat 146; Tilley M1295. M767 To make a Mow (grimace) on the moon See A91, M780. cl320 Fasciculus Morum in Essays and Studies in Honor of Carleton Brown (New York, 1940) M775 He that has Much to tell the more shortly 153[22-3]: Vel tu facies a mowe on the mone, he ought to spell (speak) hoc est, tu eris suspensus per collum immediate. al325 Cursor II 490.8519-20: For he that mikel al450 York Plays 358.285-6: Late hym hynge has for to tell The scortliker he aght to spell. here stille. And make mowes on the mone. See P408.

Much

420

M776 He that makes too Much of httle, it shall be long ere he have mickle cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.99-100: He that makes to myche of lytell It sal be long or he hafe mykell.

/И776 1484 Caxton Aesop 163[24-5]: Moche resteth to be done of that that a foole thynketh, cl489 Blanchardyn 181.32-182.1: But it ys sayd often, in a comyn langage that "moche abydeth behynde that a fole thynketh." Tilley M1283. See F448.

M777 He that owes Much and has nought, etc. M786 Much will have more [varied) al500 Hill 140.112: He that owith mych and al400 Alexander С 235.4397: Bot ay mekill hath nowght. And spendith mych, and gettith wald have mare as many man spellis. al450 nowght. And lokith in his purse, and ^ d i t h Audelay 13.83: Have thai never so mekyl mok nowght. He may be right sory and say nowght. he wyl have more. al450 Castle 79.88: Have he al500 On Nought in Robbins 81.1-4: He that nevere so mykyl, gyt he wold have more. cl450 spendes myche and getes nothing. And owthe Douce MS.52 49.65: Mykull wulle more. cl450 myche and hathe nothing, And lokes in his Rylands MS.394 100.9. al500 Proverbs of porse and fyndes nothing. He may be sorye and Salamon 195.5.4: Nedeles moche wolde have saie nothing. Apperson 595; Brown-Robbins more. Apperson 433; Oxford 438; Tilley M1287. 1163; Tilley M1275. See N145. M787 Of Much they made more M778 He that speaks Much must spill {spoil) al500 English Conquest 41[15-6]: And as the maner is, of mych thay mad more. Fama de some speech al500 Counsels in Brown Lyrics XV 284.36: magnis semper majore, vulgante. Whoo speketh mykyll sum he most spylle. al500 Proverbs of Salamon 180.25.3: That M788 Of too Much no man yelps (boasts) spekyrus moche some speche he must spylle. al393 Gower CA III 231.2391-2: To conne Oxford 422; Tilley M916; Whiting Scots II 129. moche thing it helpeth. Bot of to mochel noman yelpeth. See E123. M779 It costs not Much to behote (promise) and M789 See Much, say little, and leam to suEFer pay nought al449 Lydgate Cok in MP Π 815.69-70: It in time (do less) costith nat mekyl to be hoote. And paye ryght al449 Lydgate See Myche in MP II 800-1: nought whan the feyre is doon. See P409, 411. See myche, say lytell, and lerne to soffar in tyme. 1546 Heywood D 50.313-4: I see muche, M780 Look to win Much, lose all but I say little, and doo lesse. In this kinde 1556 Heywood Spider 375[5]: Looking to win of phisicke. Apperson 556; Oxford 570. See much, lease all. Cf. Tilley A192, M1295. See H264. A91, M707, 774. M790 They need Much that have much M781 Much he has that will (have) no more 897 Alfred Boethius 31.20-3: Se calda cwide is cl450 Douce MS.52 51.84: Muche he has, that swiSe soS 1зе mon gefyrn cwaeS, Jjiette {>a mieles Virile no more. See M792. beSurfon {)e micel agan willaS and J>a {jurfon M782 Much he leaves that keeps nothing for swi{)e lytles {зе maran ne wilniaö [зоп genoges. cl380 Chaucer Boece ii pr. ν 119-21: And sooth himself clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 580[9]: Micel forlœt it es that of many thynges han they nede, that many thynges han. 1410 Walton Boethius se бе him sylfum nan Sing ne gehylt. 97[3-4]: And this is sothe also that I schal seyn: Who so mychel hath, of mychel thing hath M783 Much in little cl425 St. Katherine of Sienna 187.19: My wille nede. al470 Parker Dives A2''[2.2-3]: He that is to conclude mykel in a Util. Tilley M1284. moche hath byhoveth moche. And he that hath lesse byhoveth lesse. Cf. Apperson 432: See E49. Much hath. M784 The Much (great) oft take shame of ( from) the little M791 Think Much and say nought cl500 Heartless Mistress in Robbins 140.19-20: cl300 Guy^ 260 A 4536: Gii thenketh michel, Ffor hit hath be seen of old tyme The moche and nought no seyth. a1449 Lydgate Cok in of the lytyll taketh oft shame. See E99. MP II 818.170: Thynk mekyl and sey nought. Apperson 551; Oxford 650. See F436. M785 Much rests to be done (abides behind) that a fool thinks M792 To have so Much that one can say ho

M801

421

alSOO Proverbs of Salamon 188.73.7-8: I see full fewe that saumple lere Who hath so moche that can sey hoo. See H398, M781. M793 Too Much of any thing is nought (varied) al440 Burgh Cato 313.424: To much is nouht of any maner thyng. al449 Lydgate Stans Puer in MP II 743.78-9: Be meek in mesour, nat hasty, but tretable; Over mekyll is nat worth in no thyng. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 9[36]: For overmoche is a vice. alSOO ABC of Aristotle in F. J. Fumivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (EETS ES 8, 1869) 66.38: For to moche of on thynge was never holsome. 1534 More Comforte 1184 D[17-8]: You wote wel to much is to much. 1546 Heywood D 69.115: To muche of one thyng is not good. Apperson 640-1; Jente 370; Oxford 665; Taylor and Whiting 253; Tilley T158. M794 As vile as any Muck c l 3 5 0 Mirror of Saint Edmund in Perry Religious Pieces 17.21: Thou erte now vylere than any mukke. M795 Every Muck must into mire c l 3 9 0 Each Man in Brown Lyrics XIV 142.80: For everi mok most in-to myre. M796 Muck {wealth) and the mad man shall never meet c l 3 3 0 Four Foes in Brown Lyrics XIV 34.93-6: For al the craft that thou can. And al the wele thatow wan. The mock and the mad man No schul thai never mete. M797 Muck (wealth) is now married and virtue set at nought c l 4 0 0 Beryn 28.844: Ffor muk is nowe I-maried, and vertu set at nought. See M626. M798 The Muck of the world al393 Gower CA III 79.4854-5: But forto prinche and forto spare. Of worldes muk to gete encress. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 74.22-3: That maketh a man as a subjecte to the mukke of the worlde. 1546 Heywood D 53.403: To disdeygne me, who mucke of the worlde hoordth not. O φ r d 438; Tilley M1298. M799 To wither away like Muck upon mold al460 Towneley Plays 25.62-3: As muk apon mold I Widder away. M800 To be like a Mule 1509 Fisher Treatyse 38-9: They wyll contynue in it styll, and in no wyse go out of that waye, they be lyke to a mule. Taylor and Whiting 254. M801

Multitude makes no victory (varied)

Multitude c l 3 7 5 Barbour Bruce I 40.330-2: For multitud maiss na victory; As men has red in mony story, That few folk (oft has) wencusyt ma. aI393 Gower CA III 154.7389-93: For in the multitude of men Is noght the strengthe, for with ten It hath ben sen in trew querele Ayein an hundred false dele, And had the betre of goddes grace. cl395 WBible II Paralipomenon xxv 8: For if thou gessist that batels stonden in the myght of oost, the Lord schal make thee to be overcomun of enemyes, for it is of God for to helpe, and to tume in to flight, I Maccabees iii 19: For not in multitude of oost is the victorie of batel, but of hevene is strengthe. aI400 Arthur 14.439-42: The Muchelnesse of Men sainfayle Ys nat victorie in Batayle; But after the wyll that in hevene ys. So the victorie falleth y-wys. c l 4 0 0 Alexander Buik I 20.627-8: Now be we Sparhalkis and thay Quailyeis, For multitude in fecht oft failyeisi cl400 Brut I 288.5-8: So there itte was welle semyng Thatte with multitude is no scomflting, Butt with God, fülle ofiF mighte. Wham he will helpe in trewe fflghte. 01421 Lydgate Thebes 180.4380-2: For though so the Gomownerys be stronge With multitude and have no govemaylle Of an hed, ful lytyl may avaylle, al439 Fall II 391.2227-8: But manli pryncis han this opynyoun: In multitude stondeth nat victorie, 573.3652-3: And in a feeld(e), pleynli to conclude, Victori alway stant nat in multitude, III 877.1926-32: My trust is hool, pleynli to conclude. Thou (God) shalt foorthre and fortune my viage. With litil folk ageyn gret multitude To make me have gracious passage, Aftir the proverbe of newe and old langage. How that thou maist and kanst thi poweer shewe Geyn multitude victorie with a fewe. a1449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 69. 2162-3: Ffor good counseyl moore doth avaylle Than of pepil greet puissaunce in bataylle. 1456 Hay Knychthede 55.5-7: For oft tymes bataillis ar mare wonnyn be grace, na be force, and be wit and subtilitee na be multitude of armyt company, 12-3: For traist nocht that grete multitude maids grete victory, bot mekle erare, grete confusion. c l 4 5 8 Knyghthode and Bataile 12.300-1: Conflicte is not sure in multitude As in the myght, 39.1056-9: And ofte it hath be seid and is conclude. That oostis over grete be myscheved More of her owne excessif multitude Then of her foon. c l 4 7 0 Wallace 62.437: All fors in wer do nocht but governance. 1484 Caxton Ordre of Chyvalry 96.2-4: For many bataylles ben many tymes vanquysshed more by maystrye, by Wytte and Industrye, than by multytude of people of hors ne of good armours.

Multitude

422

мао2

1489 Fayttes 99.9-10: And more helpeth vertue The Lord wil nat, which every thyng may see, than multytude. And often is a rowme bettre Suffre moodre longe to be secre, 405.2741: But than hys strength in a felde. alSOO Colkelbie moordre will out, and al such fais tresoun. 294.426-7: Ffor multitude in negligence He cl450 Brut II 474.37-8: But God wold not so; seldin palme of victory. alSOO English Conquest for murdour woll com oute. cl477 Caxton Jason 23.6-8: Be ye wel undyrstond, That not wyth 12.36: For murdre can not be hyd, 1481 Reynard many men ne wyth grete Streynth, bot by ryght 89[26-7]: Ffor murdre abydeth not hyd. cl499 and trouth that man hath wyth hym, batalis Skelton Bowge I 50.524: But that I drede doth overcome. cl500 Melusine 128.21-3: Ne mordre wolde come oute. Apperson 433-4; victorye also lyeth not in grette multitude of Jente 516; Oxford 439; Skeat 246; Taylor and peuple but in good rule and ordynaunce. 1523 Whiting 254-5; Tilley M1315. See C454, D134, Berners Froissart 1370[9-10]: The vyctorie lyeth E23, 167, F611, L494, N170, S491, T165, 445, nat in the multitude of people, but wher as God W237. wyll sende it. Apperson 229: Force; Oxford 219; Whiting Scote II 102. See A25, 49, E202, F492, M807 Murder cries for vengeance (varied) al439 Lydgate Fall II 526.1949-51: For L381, M281, 051, W269, 418. moordre alway calleth to God of riht. Never cesyng, but bi contynuaunce. Up to the he vene M802 Where Multitude is there is truth cl450 Capgrave Katharine 296.1077-8: Reson to crie for vengaunce, 673.3144: Moordre crieth wil conclude that where multitude is, There is vengaunce day and niht. III 753.2932-3: Heer men may seen, what coostis that men weende. the truthe, a man may not mys. See M309. How moordre alwey requereth an evel eende, M803 To play (say) Mum 917.3357: Moordre affor God requereth ay 1532 More Confutación 412 H[ll]: Yet would vengaunce. he play mumme, 1533 Debellacyon 992 С [2]: Saith not so much as mum. 1534 Heywood Love M808 Murder is quit for murder D4''[20]: Stande and play mum. See N172, W602. al439 Lydgate Fall III 917.3372: Moordre quit for moordre, thei bothe lost her lyff. M804 Maugre one's Mun (mouth) cl380 Patience 14.44: Much, maugre his mun, M809 Murder will end with mischance he mote nede suffer. al439 Lydgate Fall III 886.2275: Moordre of custum wil eende with myschaunce. M805 What is sweet in your Mun give your fellow some M810 As much as itwixt Murk and light cl450 Douce MS.52 52.90: That, at is swete in cl340 Rolle Psalter 358 (102.12): Als mykil thy mumme {for munne) Geve thy felawe as it is itwyx myrk and light, als fere he made summe. cl450 Rylands MS.394 102.21-3: monne. us fra oure aide life. Da partem socio quod sapit ore tuo. Walther M811 Music is sour when men groan for hunger I 589.4844. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 140.28: But soure is M806 Murder cannot be hid (will out) (varied) musike when men for hunger grone. Cf. Apcl325 Cursor I 70.1083-4: For-thi men sais that person 434: Music helps not the toothache; to this tide Is naman that murth mai hide. Oxford 440; Tilley M1320. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 576[В1766]: Mordre M812 To seek Mussels among froshes (frogs) wol out, certeyn, it wol nat faille, 3052[B4242]: 1484 Caxton Royal Book U4''[9]: Lyke to hym Mordre wol out, that se we day by day, 3057 that secheth muskles emonge frosshes. See [B4247]: Mordre wol out, this my conclusioun. al393 Cower CA II 278.1920-1: Bot moerdre, Vices and Virtues, note p. 315. which mai noght ben hedd, Sprong out to every M813 Mutton (is) good meat for a glutton mannes Ere. cl400 Beryn 70.2292-3: For, wend al460 Towneley Plays 107.220-2: Moton Of an how men (woll) wend, Ther may no man hele ewe that was roton. Good mete for a gloton. murdir, that it woll out atte last. cl433 Lydgate cl516 Skelton Magnificence 70.2265-6: "Why, Si. Edmund 400.225-6: Moodre wil out, thouh is there any store of rawe motton?" "Ye, in it abide a while, Lyk his decert, he must faythe; or ellys thou arte to great a glotton." receyve his meede, al439 Fall II 352.860-1: Apperson 434; Tilley M1341.

Ν Nail (1) N1 As naked as my Nail al450 Death and Life 6.159: Shee was naked as my nayle. 1533 Heywood Weather ОГ[36]: Thou myghtest go as naked as my nayle. Apperson 436; Oxford 442; Tilley N4. N2 To blow on one's Nails al470 Malory III 1211.25-6: Untyll they have hunger and colde, and blow on their nayles. Nail (2) N3 As clear as the Nail in the fire al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa S8''[1.4-5]: And clere as the nayle other fyre.

N9 To hit (smite, strike) the Nail on the head cl405 Mum 28.51-3: But ever he hitteth on the heed of the nayle-is ende. That the pure poynt pricketh on the sothe Til the foule flessh vomy for attre. al438 Kempe 152.27-8: I xal so smytyn the nayl on the hed. alSOO Eger H 221.663: I strake the nail upon the head. 1508 (1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 18.33: Thou hyttes the nayle on the heed. cl520 Terens B2''[14]: Thou hyttist the nayle on the hed. cl522 Skelton Colyn I 312.33-4: And yf that he hyt The nayle on the hede. 1528 More Heresyes 221 F[7]: Ye hyt the naile on the head. 1546 Heywood D 100.22: This hitteth the nayle on the hed. Apperson 435; Oxford 296; Taylor and Whiting 256-7; Tilley N16; Whiting Drama 349:625.

N4 As sharp as a Nail al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 577.21632: And wyth hys pawnys, sharp as A nayl. N10 As wicked to benim {take away, steal) one's good Name as his life (cattle [property]) N5 Not worth a Nail cl390 Chaucer CTX[I] 566: For soothly, as wikke cl420 Wyntoun VI 292.348: Sa that nocht is to bynyme his good name as his lyf. с 1450 wantit worth a naill. Jaœb's Well 84.12-3: For it is werse to stelyn awey a mannys good name than his catell. Jente N6 One Nail drives out another al200 Ancrene 206.12-3: An neil driveth ut 719; Oxford 639. then other. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 25[ll-3]: N11 Evil Name is foul (evil) fame Thanne the kyng drof out on nayle with another, cl450 Good Wife L 198.54-5: For he that and took wreche of a gyle by a gyle. 1555 cacchith to him an yvel name. It is to him a Heywood E 164.111.2, 112: One nayle driveth foule fame, al500 N 211.54-5: For gif thou out an other. Apperson 472; Oxford 441; Tilley have evill name, It will tume the to grame, N17; Whiting Drama 139. See L547, 044, T141, Cisco Τ 205.51-2: Evyll name Ys evell fame. V20, W168. Apperson 193. N7 Set there a Nail N12 A good Name is worth (better than) gold cl440 Charles of Orleans 13.354-5: To which (varied) he seide me nay sett there a nayle Speke me cl350 Good Wife E 164.81: God name is gold no more thereof. wrth. cl395 WBible Proverbs xxii 1: Betere is a good name, than many richessis; for good N8 To drive in the Nail cl400 Beryn 104.3464: Hym list to dryv in bet grace is above silver and gold, Ecclesiastes vii 2: A good name is betere than preciouse oynethe nayll, til they wer fully cloyid. 423

Name

424

mentis. al400 Lavynham 15.23: Betere is a good name than many rychessys (Salomon). al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 415.15405-12: "Ffor a good name (I dar expresse) Ys bet than gold or gret rychesse." "Thow mayse wel seyn yt o£F Resoun; Ffor, as the wyse Salomoun In hys proverbys bereth wytnesse, That gold, tresour, and gret Rychesse, A good name doth wel al surmounte. Who that lyst a-ryht acounte." al450 Myne awen dere 159.327-8: For a gode man (read: name) is mare to prays Than mykell golde, the wyse man says. 1450 Diets 108.10-2: A good name is better than for to have goode, for good lesithe and a good name endurithe. cl450 Consail and Teiching 77.406: Al riches passes gud renoune. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 130[23-4]: For good name is more woorth than richesse . . . Salomon hath taiiht it thee. al470 Parker Dives Rl"· [2.4-8]: As Salomon sayth . . . A good name is better than many rychesses. al475 Tree 127.14-5: Ffor better is a goode name than moche riches seyth Salomon. 1477 Rivers Dictes 54[ll-2]: Good renomme is bettir than richesse, for richesse wölbe loste and renomme wol laste, 1478 Morale Proverbes [4.15-6]: Better honneur is to have and a good name, Than trésor riche and more shal dure the fame. 1483 Caxton Cato E3''[20-l]: Salamon sayth that better is to acquyre a good name and good grace than golde or sylver. alSOO Eight Goodly Questions 423[4]: And remember, that good name is gold worth. al500 Good Wife N 212.96-7: For wise men and old Sayne good name is worth gold. 1506 Barclay Castell E7^[17]: Good name is better than rychesse, 1509 Ship II 181[28]: A gode name: which better is than golde. Í519 Horman Vulgaria 429[7]: A good name or fame is better than golde. 1528 More Heresyes 218 G[5-6]: Better is good name then muche riches. Apperson 261; Smith 94; Tilley N22, R74; Whiting Scots II 102. See G301, H447, R88, 122, W681.

N13

N16 Once shamed, hard to recure (recover) one's Name again cl421 Lydgate Thebes 169.4126-7: For onys shamyd hard is to recure His name ageyn of what estât he be. Cf. Smith 61. See R82. N17 One's good Name is joy and gladness to his friends cl450 Good Wife L 201.133-4: Thi good name is to thi freendis Greet joie and gladnes. N18 We love the Name that we are Christians and few (of) the virtues a900 Alfred Gregory 5.6-8: f)one naman anne we lufodon ôœt(te) we Cristne w®ren, and swiöe feawe Sa 6eawas. J. E. Cross in MLR 54(1959) 66. N19 Well is him that has a good Name al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.12: Yea, well ys hym, that hath a gwod name. Oxford 56: Born. N20 Whoso has a wicked (ill) Name is half hanged a1450 Always try to Say the Best in Brown Lyrics XIV 193.51-2: For ho-so hath a wicked name Me semeth for sothe half hongid he is. 1546 Heywood D 80.74: He that hath an yll name, is hälfe hangd. Apperson 324; Oxford 316; Tilley N25. See S918. N21 To drink of that Nap (cup) (i.e., death) cl330 Body and Soul 34.157-60: Y nam the first, no worth the last, That hath ydronken of that nap; Nis non so kene that he is cast. The prodest arst may kepe his clap. N22 When the Nap is rough it would be shorn cl516 Skelton Magnificence 15.448: When the noppe is rughe, it wolde be shome. N23 As sweet as Nard al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa L511.19]: It smellyth swete as Nard. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 73.2345: Your wordes be more sweter than ony precyous narde.

N13 A good Name lost is lost for ay al456 Passe forth clxxiv 21: A good name leste is leste for ay certain. See E70, K94, M20, R82. N24 Nature forms nothing in vain 1481 Caxton Minor 44[11]: Nature fourmeth N14 Good Name wins fele (much) nothing in vayn. Tilley N43. cl425 Good Wife H 161.36: Gode name fele wynneth. N25 Nature goes afore learning al492 Salomon and Marcolphus 18[4]: Nature N15 He is not dead whose good Name (renown) goth afore lemyng. Cf. Smith 212; Tilley N47: endures Nature passes nurture. 1450 Diets 268.23-4: Men say in a proverbe: he is not dede whos good name endurithe. N26 Nature is content with little 1477 Rivers Dictes 108[32-3]: It is sayde in a al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 581.432: Naproverbe: he is not dede whoos renomme and ture ys content with full lytell thyng. Tilley fame lastith. N45.

N43

425

N27 Nature loves nothing that is solitary al470 Tiptoft Tullius C8''[14-5]: Nature loveth nothynge that is solytary. Cf. Tilley N42.

Neck guyse is evermore to delaye. 1534 Heywood Love CS'iSl]: Your payne is most if she say nay and take it, 1555 E 186.223: Say nay and take it. Apperson 391; Oa/ord 397; Tilley M34; Whiting Drama 264, Scots II 102.

N28 Nature loves variance cl450 Capgrave Katharine 37.335-6; Ye may wete weel nature lovyth varyaunce, Somtyme N36 As great as a (any) Neat men stodye, sumtyme thei daunce. See M208. al350 Ywain 7.251-8.252: His hevyd, me thoght, was als grete Als of . . . a nete. c l 3 5 0 Libeaus N29 Nature may not lie c l 4 8 9 Caxton Aymon II 424.12-3: As the fader 74 var. 134f: Or as grete as eny nete. oughte to love the childe, for nature maye not N37 As heavy as a Neat lie. cl505 Watson Valentine 70.5-6: After the c l 3 0 0 Havelok 30.808: Al so hevi als a net, course of nature that can not lye. 38.1026.

N30 There Nature will not work, farewell N38 As thick as a Neat c l 4 7 5 Gui/i 431 С 7762: He was thykker than physic! c l 3 8 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 2759-60: And certeinly, a nete. ther Nature wol nat wirche. Fare wel phisiki N39 One turns the Neb (face) blithely toward go ber the man to chirche! Oxford 497. See K31, the thing one loves N32. al200 Ancrene 129.27-9: Metumeth the neb blitheliche towart thing that me luveth, and N31 What Nature gives no man can take away al500 Hill 129.29: That natwre geweth, no frommard thing that me heateth. See E207. man can tak awai. Apperson 437.

N40 Necessity has never holiday 1440 Palladius 30.176: Necessito nath nevere halyday.

N32 Without Nature nothing may avail cl450 Capgrave Katharine 318.1776: WithN41 Necessity oftentimes makes a man sell good oute nature may no thyng avayle. See N30. cheap (at a bargain) Naught, see Nothing c l 5 0 5 Watson Valentine 149.8-9: For necessyte N33 One may mend three Nays with one yea maketh oftentymes a man sell good chepe. Cf. 1549 Heywood D 46.155: Ye male . . . mend Tilley N63. three naies with one yee. Tilley N55. N42 As soon break his Neck as his fast in that house N34 To nick (nod) with Nay c l 3 0 0 Amis 88.2188: No wold thai nick him 1546 Heywood D 50.289-90: In that house . . . with no nay. al325 Cursor I 232 C F 3917: Laban A man shall as soone breake his necke as his о leve tham nicked nai, 258 C F 4382: And has fast. Apperson 65; Oxford 62; Tilley N67. thou nicked me wit nay? II 382 C F 6604: Bot all ther-wit yee nik me nay, 934 CG 16376, N43 In the Neck III 1132 C F G 19773, 1416.24743, 1568.28923. c l 3 8 5 Usk 11.90-1: They have ofte me begyled; al325 Eide in Heuser 170.1[3-4]: When eld me but ever, at the ende, it discendeth in their wol feld, Nykkest ther no nai. cl325 I Repent owne nekkes. al400 Titus 39.822-3: And ay 142.55. al375 William 133.4145. cl390 Sir they token it full light, But sithen it fell in her Gawain 22.706, 76.2471. al400 Atheisten ovrae necke. al420 Wyntoun V 415.3535-6: 82.503. al400 Chevelere 2.28. al400 Eglamour Men sal (it) noucht weil mende agayne. For in 9.129: He nytyde us never with naye. al400 the nek folowis the payne. al425 Metrical Perceval 33.1024. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 6.89. Paraphrase ОТ 92.17083-4: Bot ay whyls moyses prayd for pese, God sett ther noys in ther enmys al400 Susan 178.148. al450 Audelay 26.451: Nyk not this with nay. a1460 Towneley Plays nek (var. in theire awn nek). al460 Towneley 323.571. cl475 Golagros 5.115, 12.332. al500 Plays 384.555: And your synnes in youre nekkys. Alexander С 79 Dublin 1460. al500 Grene Knight al500 Court of Love 414.186: And in your nek ye moot bere all the charge. al513 Dunbar 76.489: But nicked her with nay. NED Nick Rewl of Anis Self 75.36: Bot dowt siclyk sail v.i 2. stryk the in the neck. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 41.208: The charge lyis on thar nek. 1519 N35 To say Nay and take it (varied) Horman Vulgaria 196[21]: He wyll never cease 1506 Hawes Pastime 75.1938-9: Forsake her to be in my necke whyle he livethe. In me not, thought that she saye naye, A womans

Need

426

N44

servire non nisi cum morte desinet. 1528 More neid may haif na Law. cl515 Barclay Eclogues Heresyes 241 В[10-1]: The losse shoulde lye 202.587. 01522 Skelton Colyn I 344.864-5: But hole in his ovrae necke, 1533 Answer 1085 CD: it is an olde sayd sawe. That nede hath no He had lever laye it in the necke of the father lawe. 1546 Heywood D 37.60, 1555 E 150.20. of heaven, 1105 H[14-6]: Maketh al his wonder- Apperson 438; Ocrford 445; Tilley N76; Whiting ing . . . fall in his owne necke. Confutación Drama 233, 274. See S299. 657 В[8-9]: The mischiefe shall falle in theyr N52 Need has no peer own neckes, 1534 Comforte 1170 A[10-2]: And cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4026: Nede has na peer. layde the lacke even where I found it, and that was even upon mine owne necke. Whiting Skeat 231. Drama 362:836, Scots II 103. See F555. N53 Need makes a man travail (work) al500 Proverbs of Salomon 194.1.2-4: Nede N44 Extreme Need best proves (tests) a valiant makyth a man to travayle, The more travayle courage the more mede. So he do by goode counsayle. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 39[38]: Extreme nede N54 Need makes (a, the) old wife run (trot) best proveth a courage valiaunt. al250 Owl 54.637-8: A vorbisne is of olde N45 He that has Need, let him run i(vu)me, (Th)at node maketh old wif ume. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 26.786: Tushel he al300 Trinity MS. 0.2.45 8(13): Neode makad that hath nede, man, let hym rynne. See N57. heald wif eome. Ut cito se portet vetule pes, N46 In Need few friends and kinsmen are ready cogit oportet. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.3a in Retrospective 309[22]: Nede makyth an old wyf. to help 1519 Horman Vulgaria 200[10]: In tyme of nede cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 124.72: Nede makyt fewe frendys and kynsmen be redy to helpe. a old wyfe to trotte. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 207: Need makes the old wife See F634. trott. al500 Hill 128.5: Nede makith the old N47 In the last Need all thing is common wiff to trotte. 1546 Heywood D 99.37: Neede al470 Parker Dives R4''[1.21-2]: For in the maketh the olde wife trot, 1555 E 160.91. Aplaste nede al thynge is comon. See T98. person 439; Jente 69; Oxford 446; Taylor and Whiting 259; Tilley N79; Whiting Drama 131, N48 It is Need to take good heed 137. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 76[19]: It is nede to take good hede. NED Need sb. 4a. N55 Need makes a wild man full tame cl450 Idley 93.726: Thus nede a wilde man N49 The more the Need is high the more one maketh full tame. needs to be sly al393 Gower CA III 441-2.2063-5: The more N56 Need makes a wise man do evil that the nede is hyh. The more it nedeth to 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[10]: Nede be slyh To him which hath the nede on honde. makyth a right wyse man to do evyll.

N50 Need has no cure N57 Need makes naked man run clSOO Lyfe of Roberte 255.919: Nede hath no al500 Miroure of Marts Salvacionne 55[21]: Als cure. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 431[15]: Nede nede makes naked man rynne. Apperson 439; hath no cure if it be come to the uttermoste. Oxford 446; Tilley N77; Whiting Scote II 103. See N45. N51 Need has no law cl378 Tiers В xx 10: And Nede ne hath no N58 The Need of hunger may cause a man to lawe. al393 Gower CA II 332.1167: For as men break his oath sein, nede hath no lawe, III 388.75: Men sein 1481 Caxton Reynard 75[32]: The nede of that nede hath no lawe. al400 Wyclif Sermons hongre may cause a man to breke his oth, II 181 [22]: For sich nede hath no sich lawe. 76[16]: For the nede of hongre breketh oth al1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 39.437: Neede hath way. no lawe as that the Clerkes trete. al450 Partonope 335.8267-8: But this is a full olde sawe: N59 Need teaches many Nede hathe no maner of lawe. cl450 Jacob's ol025 Durham Proverbs 14.36: Seo nyd{)earf Well 206.30. 1460 Battle of Northampton in feala lasreS. Necessitas plura docet. Bobbins Historical Poems 214.127: Nede hathe N60 Need teaches wit no lawe, this all men say. al470 Parker Dives 1519 Horman Vulgaria 83[1]: Nede taught hym R4''[1.24]. 01475 Henryson Fables 28.731: For wytte. Jente 71.

N77

427

Neighbor

N61 Needs shall (must) that needs must (shall) 172.780: Such willers wit is nat worth a neld. cl330 Seven Sages A 68.1597-8: О nedes he al460 Towneley Plays 13.123: Then was myne sschal, that nedes mot, Hit nis nowt mi wille, not worth a neld. Apperson 457:24; Oxford 446. god hit wot. al393 Gower CA II 24.698: So N70 So near a Needle might narrowly (go) soffre thei that nedes mote, 82.1714: Bot nede between he mot that nede schal, 235.351-3: For it is al400 Alexander С 72.1370: So nere unethes at seid thus overal, That nedes mot that nede ane eld (Dublin: nedyll) might narowly betwene. schal Of that a lif doth after kinde. III 413.1020: Bot nede he mot, that nede schal. al500 Addi- N71 To look for a Needle in a meadow tional MS.37075 277.8: Nedys must that ned 1532 More Frith in Workes 837 H[16-7]: To schall. al500 Coventry Plays 47.456: Then nedis seke out one lyne in all hys bookes wer to go muste thatt nedis schall, 68.1140. al500 Jeaste looke a nedle in a medow. Apperson 440; 208.43: Nedes must that nedes shall. Oxford Modern Language Forum 24(1939) 77-80; Oxford 446-7; Taylor and Whiting 259-60; Tilley 447. N97. N62 (Where) there is no Need gift has no meed (merit) N72 As white as a Neep (turnip) cl405 Man, know thy self in Kail 29.71: There al4(H) Destruction of Troy 100.3076: With nailes at the nether endes as a nepe white. cl475 nys no nede, gifte hath no mede. Henryson Fables 82.2395: Quhyte as ane Neip. N63 As bare as (a) Needle Cf. Apperson 101: Clean. cl415 Middle English Sermons 182.39: Thei shall make the as bare as nedill. N73 Not worth a withered Neep cl475 Henryson Fables 81.2362: It will not wyn N64 As naked as a Needle cl378 Piers В xii 162: And bothe naked as a yow worth ane widderit neip. nedle, xvii 56. al400 Alexander С 224.4026: And ay is naked (as) a nedill as natour tham N74 Blessed be the Neighbor that is ready to schapis. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 20.361, 54.939. help at need al470 Malory II 792.14: She was as naked as a al533 Berners Arthur 411[26-7]: Blyssed be the nedyll. Apperson 436; Oxford 442; Tilley N94. neighbour that is redy to helpe at nede. See F634, N99. N65 As perceant as the point of a Needle cl378 Piers В i 155: And portatyf and persant N75 Evil Neighbor makes evil mom cI400 Alexander Bulk II I20.39I-2: For wyse as the poynt of a nedle. men hes said befóme, "Evill nichtbour makes N66 As sharp as a Needle evill mome," IV 368-9.8819-21: Ane evill a900 Soul and Body in Exeter Book 177.111-2: nichtbour had I thare! On this tyisday airly hes Gifer hatte se wyrm, ¡зат Jia geaflas beoS Nasdle he Over tratourly wrethit me! Tilley N107. scearpran, Vercelli Book 58.116-7: Gifer hatte See N77. se wyrm, >e J>a eaglas beoS Naedle scearpran. Apperson 561; Taylor and Whiting 259; Tilley N76 A good Neighbor is a fair jewel N95. al300 Alisaunder 377.6993: Fair juel is gode neighboure. N67 Not eat a Needle al460 Towneley Plays 123.233-4: 1 ete not a N77 He that has a good Neighbor has a good nedyll Thys moneth and more. morrow cl450 Merlin II 434[17-8]: And therfore men N68 Not give a Needle seyn an olde sawe, who hath a goode neighal300 Arthour and M} 114.4012: He gave (not) bour hath goode morowe. 1489 Caxton Doctrinal a nedel of his fon. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) D3''[13-4]: Therfore it is cominly said, who that 55.13-4: I nolde noughth give a nedel for al hath a good neyghbour hath good morow. her werk. cl400 Laud Troy I 260.8828: He gaff al500 Harley MS.116 in Rei. Ant. I 316: He that of hem alle nought a nelde. hath a good neyghboure hath a good morowe; He that hath a schrewyd wyfe hath much N69 Not worth a Needle al200 Ancrene 203.12: Ne beoth nawt wurth a sorowe; He that fast spendyth must nede borowe; nelde. cl400 Laud Troy II 484.16448-9: That But whan he schal paye agen, then ys al the non of hem schal other mysdo Lastande the sorowe. Apperson 440; Oxford 254-5; Tilley trewes a nedle worth. cl400 Ploumian's Tale N106. See N75.

Neighbor

428

N78

N78 He that has a good Neighbor is relieved N85 When one sees his NeighborCs house) from great diseases (troubles) bum he is busy to save himself (his own) (varied) с 1450 Idley 95.878-9: Ffor he that hath a good al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 570.16455-8: neighboure is well relevyd Ffro diseases grete Of his long lyf can noman seye, That see his and myscheves harde. frend sodeynly deye; That sees his neighebur brenne hym by. To save hym self he ys bysy. N79 He that has evil Neighbors praises himself 1456 Hay Law 174.18-9: It is na ferly, quhen (varied) a man seis his nychtbouris hous byrn, suppos 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 6[8-9]: He that he be rad for his awin. al500 English Conquest hath evyll neighborys praysyth him self. 1509 39.10-1: As a man that seth his evyncrystyn Barclay Ship II 68[l-4]: But yet men olde . . . his {var. neghbors) house brenne, he may dred In theyr olde proverbes often comprehende the sparkys. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 184[21-2]: That he that is amonge shrewyd neyghbours Whan my neybours house is a fyre: I can nat May his owne dedes laufully commende. Ap- be out of thought for myn owne. Apperson 441; person 440; Jente 221; Oxford 447-8; Smith Oxford 447; Tilley N116, cf. M497; Whiting Scots 217; Tilley N117. See P349. II 104. See F381, M63. N80 Let your Neighbor feel your friendship N86 With your Neighbor make no debate al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.23: Lete thy al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.47-8: Ever neyghburgh thy frendshep fele. cl450 Fyrst more fle discord and hate. With thy neygbore thou sal 88.31. make no debate. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.57-8. N81 A near Neighbor is better than a far brother N87 To find the Nest but no ay (egg) (varied) cl350 Gamelyn 660.610: Tho fond the scherreve cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 527.81-4: nest, but non ay. aI375 William 9.83: Than Of thi neighebor that neigh is to the Be thou fond he nest and no neigh, for nought nas ther tendre and have him in cherte; Ffor bettre is leved. Whiting Drama 291, Scots II 104. Cf. a neighebore neighe Then a brothur fer fro Taylor and Whiting 29:20. See B303. thin eighe. cl395 WBible Proverbs xxvii 10: Betere is a neighbore nygh, than a brothir N88 A Net is laid in vain before the eyes of afer. al500 Alemnder-Cassamus 76.551-4: Off birds straunge and fferre londys al day to late Come cl395 WBible Proverbs i 17: But a net is leid folkys, to helpe A man that ys yn nede; But in veyn bifore the ighen of briddis, that han the good neyghbour that dowellyth at youre wengis. 1509 Barclay Ship I 197[l-3]: Who gate Yow to sekour ffaste wyll he spede (French that to clerely layeth his net or snare Before [p. 97]: Par gens d'estranges terres est on tart the byrdes whome he by gyle wolde take Them secoru). Apperson 437; Oxford 444; Tilley N110. playnly techyth of his gyle to be ware. Jente 589; Oxford 319; Tilley V3. N82 The Neighbor that most may grieve (harm), N89 The rough Net is not the best catcher of make your friend 1414 Lerne say wele in Kail 15.33-6: Go pro- birds 1549 Heywood D 34.52: The rough net is not verbe loke ye preve. Ye that wole to resoun the best catcher of burdes. Apperson 539; Oxbende: Look what neyghebore most may greve; ford 549; Tilley N129. By al way make hym thi frende. N83 Of good Neighbor the wise makes shield N90 To catch (find) without Net cl400 Alexander Buik II 175.2672: Of gud cl385 Chaucer TC ii 583: That han swich oon nichtbour the wyse makes sheild. al500 Alex- ykaught withouten net, i ν 1370-1: And I right ander-Cassamus 76.555-7: Off a good neygh- now have founden al the gise, Withouten net, bour, wyth-owte ony drede, The wysse man al wherwith I shal hym hente. Whiting Drama day makyth hym a scheide. Thus seyth the olde 355:727. wyse and thus do ye, I rede (French [p. 97]: De bon voisin prochain fait saiges homs escu. N91 To fish before the Net al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 454.139: And Se tu ainsi le fais, bon conseil as creu). Cf. he is a fool affore the net that ffissheth. al460 Jente 757. Towneley Plays 104.139: Ye fysh before the nett. cl475 Henryson Fables 62.1763: And said, scho N84 What may betide love your Neighbor fischit lang befoir the Net. cl522 Skelton Speke cl425 Good Wife H 171.178-9: For happe that II 21.421: To fysshe afore the nette, and to may betide Love thi neybourgh the beside.

N103

429

drawe polys. 1533 More Apologye 125-6: So judge before the profe and fishe before the nette. 1546 Heywood D 48.235: Yll fyshyng before the net, 1555 E 192.266. Apperson 217; Oxford 207; Tilley F335, N127; Whiting Scots II 104. N92 To jet (strut) in a Net and believe oneself (un)perceived (varied) c l 4 7 5 Mankind 20.522-4: Ever I go invysybull; yt ys my jett; Ande be-for hys ey, thus I vcyll hange my nett To blench hys syght, 33.869: Tytivilly, that goth invisibele, hynge hys nett be-fore my eye, 888: Beware of Titivilly with hys net. 1532 More Confutación 421 D [ 9 - l l ] : Wise people when thei daunce naked in a nette; believe that no manne see them, F [ l - 2 ] : I goe so bare daunsyng naked in a net, H[3-5], 647 D[5-6]: He went visible before us al naked in a nette. 1534 Heywood Loue C l ' [ l l - 3 ] : Lyke as a foole myght have jettyd in a net, Belevyng hymselfe, save of hym selfe onely, To be perceyved of no lyvyng body. Apperson 134; Oxford 128; Tilley N130. N93 As rough as a Nettle c l 4 3 0 PLydgate Compleynt netyl row of hewe.

64.374: Now as the

Night Y no schal never bi night no day Chaunge him for no newe, 26.583-4. cl375 Chaucer Anel. 218-9: Doth her observaunce Alwey til oon, and chaungeth for no newe, cl386 LQW 1875. al400 Greene Carols 395.4. al420 Lydgate Troy 1 260.4039-40, m 681.3988, 834.2163, 1420 Temple 42.999, 47.1128. al425 Greene Carols 451.6. cl445 PLydgate Kalendare in MP I 371.232-3. al449 Lydgate Freond in MP II 757.86, Gentlewoman's Lament in MP II 419. 27-8. al450 Castle 99.726: I rede thee forsakyn hym for no newe. al450 Generydes A 175.5605-6. al450 Myne awen dere 154.175-6. al450 Partonope 48.1745-6, 72.2393-4. al450 Pride of Life in Waterhouse 92.130: I nil chong fer no new. al456 Earl of Warwick's Virelai in PMLA 22(1907) 606.37-8. al475 Guy^ 4.122. cl475 Why I Can't 139.46. al500 Beauty of his Mistress 111 in Bobbins 128.57. al500 Greene Carols 455.2. a1500 Pledge of Loyalty in Robbins 160.26-8. al500 To his Mistress in Robbins 191.42. al500 Thoythis fre in MLN 69(1954) 157.31. al500 To his Mistress 'M' in Robbins 194.3: I wil not change you for old ne newe, 195.24. cl500 Greene Carols 346 refrain: An old saw hath be fownd trewe: 'Cast not away thyn old for newe.' c l 5 0 0 So put yn fere in Stevens Music 346.3[7]. 1506 Hawes Pastime 83.2124. 1509 Barclay Ship I 168[27-8]. Whiting Drama 235, Scots II 104. See F650, 0 2 7 .

N94 Of a Nettle to have a rose (varied) 1471 Ripley Compound 158[15-6]: Wene they of a Nettyll to have a Rose, Or of an Elder an Apple swete. al500 Greene Carols 402.1: When N98 Newer is truer 1546 Heywood D 68.69-70: Thy ryme . . . is nettuls in wynter bryng forth rosys red. And al maner of thorn trys ber fyggys naturally. See muche elder then mine. But mine beyng newer is truer then thine. Oxford 451; Tilley N137. G421, T223. N95 To meddle (mix) Nettles with rose flowers N99 Look to your Next (i.e., neighbor), he is al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 27.837: To good at need medie netlys with soote Roose flours. Cf. Whit- c l 2 5 0 Proverbs of Alfred 114 Τ 395-6: Ac loke thine nexte. He is ate nede god. See N74. ing Scots II 104.

N100 The Niggard dispends as much as the large N96 To piss on a Nettle c l 4 5 0 Fritz Heinrich Ein mittelenglisches (generous) 1484 Caxton Aesop 166[3-5]: For hit is sayd Medizinbuch (Halle, 1896) 137-8: Take the urine comunly that as moche despendeth the nygard of the seek, and caste hit on the rede netle, as the large, 170[24-5]: And therfore more at even, while hit is warm, a noon as he despendeth the nygard than the large. Apperson pysseth, and come ageyn in to the morewynynge, and yef the netle be ded, hit is a sygne of 428; Oxford 115; Tilley M1151. deeth, and yef the netle be alyve, hit is a N101 After long Night daylight is comfortable sygne of lyf. 1546 Heywood D 99.27-8: In no c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 107.2: And after long place could she sit hir selfe to settle, It seemed night day light is comfortable. See N108. to him, she had pist on a nettle. Apperson 498; N102 After the starry Night the gray morrow Oxford 502; Tilley N132. c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 182.5437: Aftir the N97 Change for no New sterry nyght the morow gray. c l 2 5 0 Floris 97.494-5: Ne chaunge luve for no newe. Ne lete the olde for no newe be. cl300 N103 As dark as (any, the) Night Amis 17.382-4: Gete me frendes whare y may, al393 Cower CA III 386.16-7: Bet more derk

Nighf

430

N104

than eny nyht The peine schal ben endeles. Ffolweth ofte a ful glade morowe Of Aventure. al400 Meditations 25.920: And wex derker 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 473.1-2: Ther is no than the nyght. 1412 God and man in Kail nyght so derke but that hit is surmounted 49.74: Sulpid in synne dark as nyght. al420 wyth the day. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 257. Lydgate Troy I 194.1724. al425 Nicodemus 4606: After the nyght cometh the dewy momyng. (Additional) 65.658, 67.675. cl430 PLydgate Skeat 154; Tilley N164; Whiting Scots II 104. Compleynt 64.366: Now derk as is the donne See M529, N101. nyght. a1450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 337.41: Bokus so derk as myste {?for nyghte, N109 Night has rest rime: myghte). al460 Towneley Plays 352.345. al393 Gower CA 111 152.7296: Bot for men alSOO Stacyons of Rome in Pol. Rei. and Love sein that nyht hath reste. Tilley N175. Poems 151.244. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 46.14-5: N110 As merry as (the, a) Nightingale the. al513 Dunbar Of the Passioun 158.85: ony. cl300 Beves 1.2-3: Is merier than the night1513 Douglas Aeneid II 161.63, 195.20, III ingale, that y schei singe. cl390 Chaucer CT 56.50. Taylor and Whiting 262; Whiting Scote VII 833-4[В2023-4]: Yet listeth, lordes, to my Il 104. tale, Murier than the nightyngale. cl400 Laud Troy I 164.5548-51: So mery was nevere N104 As murk as (the) Night al300 Stadens of Rome, ed. F. J. Fumivall Nightyngale Syngand In no hasel-crop, . . . As (EFTS 25, 1867) 7.194: Elles thou gost Merk Ayax was. al500 Greene Carols 343.3: An thou as niht. cl300 NoHhern Homily Cycle (Edin. goo to the naie. As m(er)i as a nyghtyngale. Coll. Phys.) 98[25], 99[9]. cl400 Túndale 13.219, N111 Better to hear the Nightingale sing rather 74.1273, 96.1689. cl450 Nicodemus (Sion) (sooner) than the cuckoo 67.674. cl475 Henryson Orpheus 139.303-4: cl400 PClanvowe Cuckoo in Skeat Chaucerian A feir full streit, Myrk as the nycht. 1513 349.46-50: But as 1 lay this other night wakinge, Douglas Aeneid II 119.88. Svartengren 239. I thoghte how lovers had a tokeninge, And among hem it was a comune tale, That it were N105 As thester (dark) as the Night al300 XI Pains 150.121: The stude is thustrore good to here the nightingale Rather than the thene the nyht, 153.225: Ho stondeth thustrur lewde cukkow singe. Cf. Apperson 445; Oxford 452; Tilley N181. See C603. thane the nyht.

N106 The glad Night is worth a heavy morrow N112 The Nightingale and the thorn cl385 Chaucer Mars 12: The glade nyght ys al449 Lydgate Nightingale in MP I 222.10-1: Sauf upon a thorne The saame tyme I herde a worth an hevy moro we I Nightingale, 223.61-2: But thenk amonge upon N107 If Night were not one should not wit the sharpe thome Which prickethe hir brest (know) what day is with fyry remembraunce, 234.355-6: Where cl378 Piers В xviii 206-7: If no nyghte ne were that ful lowd thamerous nightingale Upon a no man, as I leve, Shulde wite witerly what thome is wont to calle and crye, S(. Petronilla in day is to mene. See S943. MP 1158.123-6: And nightyngalys with amerous notys clere Salueth Esperus in hir armonye. N108 Next the dark Night the glad morrow The sharpe thome towadre the partye Of hir (varied) herte, kepeth wakyr hir corage. al450 As ofte cl385 Chaucer TC i 951: And next the derke as syghes in Archiv 127 (1911) 324.42: And nyght the glade morwe. al393 Gower CA II nyghtyngales with thome undyr the brest. 219.3315-6: And thus the woful nyhtes sorwe al500 Squire 36.801-2: The nightingale sitting To joie is tomed on the morwe. al400 Oroloon a thome Shall synge you notes. 1513 Douglas gium 352,24-7: And righte as a derke nyghte Aeneid IV 142.61-2: Owtak the mery nychtgoth tofore a brighte schinynge daye, and the gaill, Philomeyn, That on the thom sat syngand colde scharpnesse of wynter goth byfore the fra the spleyn. Carol Maddison "Brave Prick likynge hete of somour, righte so tribulacyone Song," MLN 75(1960) 468-78; Tilley N183. comunly goth byfore bothe the inner and the utter coumforte of good soulles. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 490.113-4: For, riht as afftir N113 To cry like a Nightingale the blake nyht of sorwe Gladnesse folwith alSOO Greene Carols 344.6: And when thou thoruh suyng of the day. cl450 Lover's Mass syttyst at the ale. And cryyst lyk an nyghttyngale. 101-2: And after nyghtys dool and sorowe N114

To sing like a (any, the) Nightingale

N132

431

Note

cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3377: He syngeth, N124 From the North shall come (be shown) all evil (varied) brokkynge as a nyghtyngale, cl395 III[D] 458: And synge, ywis, as any nyghtyngale. al500 al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 235.6703-4: Ffor Squire 35.779-80: Lytle chyldren, great and by the northe ende comme alle tho That to the smale, Shall syng, as doth the nyghtyngale. lond broughte werre or wo, 269.7659-60: Gyf Taylor and Whiting 262. hem lond y the north to lende,—Thy werre cometh evere in by that ende. c l 3 9 5 WBible N115 To sleep with open eye (like Nightingales) Jeremiah i 14: Fro the north schal be schewid C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 9-10: And smale al yvel on alle the dwelleris of the lond. al450 foweles maken melodye, That slepen al the Gesta 22[8-10]: By the Cite in the Northe is nyght with open ye. c l 4 0 0 Sowdone 2.45-6: undlrstond Hell, As it is wretin, Pandetur Whan lovers slepen withe opyn yghe, As Nightomne malum. This is to sey, fro the north shall yngalis on grene tre. See F577. be shewid all Ivell, 358[6]: All evels cometh out of the Northe. Oxford 461; Tilley N213. See N116 Nimrod was a strong hunter before God D163. clOOO Aelfric Heptateuch Genesis χ 9: Be Jjam waes gecweden bigword, swa swa Nemroth N125 Maugre one's Nose Strang hunta aetforan Gode. cl395 WBible с1300 Robert of Gloucester I 148.2090: MaxiGenesis χ 9: Of hym a proverbe yede out, as mian was suththe aslawe maugre is nose. Tilley Nemroth, a strong huntere bifore the Lord. S764; Whiting Scots II 105. Tilley N185. N126 To be plucked by the Nose N117 As long since as Noah's flood and seven c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 27.826: For Pryde years afore it hath plucked the by the nose. See N130. 1529 More Supplicacion 311 H[9-10]: Sence almost as longe as Noyes floude and yet per- N127 To have something cast in one's Nose adventure seven yere afore yt to. 1509 Barclay Ship I 248[19-20]: That pore man that weddeth a ryche wyfe Cast in his nose N118 As bright as (of colors like) the new Noble shall styll hir bagges fynde. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3255-6: Ful brighter was the shynyng of hir hewe Than in the Tour N128 To hold one's Nose to the grindstone the noble yforged newe. c l 4 6 0 Satirical Descrip1546 Heywood D 27.32: Hold their noses to tion 199[3]: Of colourys like the noble newe. grinstone, 1555 E 152.34: Thou canst hold my Svartengren 223. nose to the gryndstone. Apperson 452; Oxford 462; Taylor and Whiting 264; Tilley N218. N119 Beyond the Nock 1534 Heywood Love B3'[35]: She coulde and N129 To speak through (in) the Nose c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 4151: He yexeth, and wolde do it beyonde the nock, E l ' ß S ] : Is not he speketh thurgh the nose, IX[H] 61: He speketh this a pang . . . beyonde the nock? Tilley N197. in his nose. Tilley N242. N120 Such Noise that one uneath {scarcely) hears N130 To take one by the Nose thunder 1451 Paston II 239[19-21]: Took them by the c l 4 5 0 La Tour-Landry 9.3-4: Making suche nose at every thred woord whiche myght weel noise that unnethe thei might have herde the by knowe for open parcialte. Cf. Oxford 46; thundre. Oxford 459. Tilley N241. See N126. N121 He is a Noli me tangere N131 To wipe one's Nose with (upon) one's c l 4 7 5 Mankind 19.504-5: I xall spare master sleeve Woode of Fullbum; He ys a noli me tangere!' 1436 Libelle 24.452-5: And thus they wolde, Oxford 460; Tilley N202. if ye will so beleve, Wypen our nose with our owne sieve, Thow this proverbe be homly and N122 Non est inventus undew. Yet be liklynesse it is for soth full trew. c l 4 7 5 Mankind 29.773-4: Ye must speke to the 1546 Heywood D 97.229: And make you wype schryve for a 'сере coppus,' Ellys ye must be your nose upon your sleeve. Apperson 695; Oxfayn to retom with 'non est inventus.' Oxford ford 716; Tilley N243. 460; Tilley N204. N132 Much Note (work) behooves him who shall N123 As right as North and south al425 If One Only Knew in Brovra Lyrics XV hold (keep) house c l 3 5 0 Good Wife E 168.137: Michel note him 268.11-2: Stent as ryght as northe and sowthe.

Note

432

N133

bihoveth that hus schal holden, cl500 Τ N143 He that has Nought is nought set by al500 Hill 132.40: He (that) hath nowght, ys 206.112: Meche besynesse behoveth hem that nowght sett by. Apperson 459; Tilley N270. shall howse helden. N133 Who shall sing so merry a Note as he that N144 He that has Nought may give nought al470 Parker Dives K2''[1.38-9]: He that nought cannot change a groat? 1546 Heywood D 55.15-6: And who can syng have nought may gyve. Apperson 455:35; Jente 176; Tilley N337. so mery a note, As maie he, that can not chaunge a grote. Apperson 574; Oxford 592; N145 He that has Nought shall always bide Tilley N249. poor, etc. (varied) 1509 Barclay Ship I 100[27-8]: He that nought Nothing and Nought are combined hathe, shall so alway byde pore. But he that N134 As good play for Nought as work for over moche hath, yet shall have more. 1546 nought Heywood D 54-5.450-2: He that hath plentie 1546 Heywood D 53.394: As good play for of goodes shall have more. He that hath but a nought as Woorke for nought, folke tell. Apperlittle, he shall have lesse. He that hath right son 500; Oxford 504-5; Tilley N340. nought, right nought shall possesse. Tilley P424. N135 As good seek Nought as seek and find See M772, 777. nought N146 He that undertakes Nothing achieves 1546 Heywood D 48.234: As good seeke nought nothing (varied) . . . as seeke and finde nought. Apperson 556; cl385 Chaucer TC ii 807-8: He which that Tilley N341. nothing undertaketh, Nothyng n'acheveth, be N136 Deem Nothing suddenly al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.22: Ne deme no thyng sodenly. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.166: to sodanly. See D143, 344. N137 Deem Nothing that is in doubt till the truth is tried out cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.91-2: Deme no thinge that is in dowte. To the trewthe be tryed owte. See J77. N138 Desire Nothing but that is moderate 1509 Barclay Ship II 275[7]: Desyrynge no thynge: but that is moderate. See M451. N139 Dispraise Nothing that God sends you c l 4 5 0 Fyrst thou sal 90.121: Disprays no thynge that god the sent.

hym looth or deere, ν 783-4: "But for t'asay," he seyde, "it naught ne greveth; For he that naught n'asaieth, naught n'acheveth." c l 3 8 5 Usk 23.86-7: Who nothing undertaketh, and namely in my service, nothing acheveth. al393 Cower CA II 310.319-20: For who that noght dar undertake. Be riht he schal no profit take, 374.2694-5: For he which dar nothing beginne, I not what thing he scholde achieve. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 464.17-8: That man that ne adventureth wynneth no thynge. 1523 Berners Froissart III 337[16-7]: He that never enterpriseth, lytell or nothynge atchyveth, 367[23-4]: He that nothyng adventureth nothynge getteth. 1546 Heywood D 48.232: Nought venter nought have, 1555 E 158.77. Apperson 454; O φ r d 465; Skeat 164; Tilley N319, 320. Cf. Smith 51; Taylor and Whiting 265.

N140 Have Nothing and dread not al387 Higden-Trevisa 1 413[2]: Have no thing N147 He that will win Nothing must lose by and drede nought. Cf. Apperson 437: Naught skill (reason) is never in danger; Oxford 444; Taylor and al350 Seoen Sages С 59.1745-6: For he that Whiting 265:3; Tilley N331, 342. See L395. nothing win will, Nedely moste he lose bi scili. N141 He hopes for Nothing that does not hope N148 If you have Nought spend the less for home al400 Romaunt В 2274: And if thou have nought, c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 13.30: To nawihte ne spende the lesse. hopaô se to hame ne higeö. (G)audio caret cui non spes in mansione restât.

N149 Nothing but is made soft and meek by large gifts N142 He that had Nought has lost nought al533 Berners Arthur 363[8-9]: There is noth(varied) ynge but by large gyftes it is made softe and al393 Cower CA II 289.2322: He that noght meke. See G68, 82. hadde noght hath lore. 1555 Heywood E 161.94.2: Nought have, nought loose. Jente 238, N150 Nought can she do—what can she have 239; Tilley N331. then?

N167

433

1549 Heywood D 38.100: Nought can she dooe, and what can she have than? Tilley N339.

Nothing (Nought) nought take up, 1555 E 197.297. Apperson 459; Oxford 465; Tilley N343.

N160 Nought may be disturbed that shall beN151 Nothing has its being of nought tide of necessity c l 3 8 0 Chaucer Boece V pr. i 42-5: For this sentence is verray and soth, that "no thing hath c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC ii 622-3: For which, men his beynge of naught," to the whiche sentence seyn, may nought destourbed be That shal noon of thise oolde folk ne withseide nevere, bityden of necessitee. See A99. 1385 TC ii 798: That erst was nothing, into N161 Nothing may long continue here (varied) nought it tometh. 1495 Fitzjames Sermo C l ^ 897 Alfred Boethius 21.8-9: Eala {jaet nanwuht (by error Bl) [7-8]: Of noo thynge can noo nis fasste stondendes weorces a wuniende on thynge be made. Apperson 454-5; Jente 733; worulde, a900 Lays of Boethius 158.16-7: Eala Oxford 462; Taylor and Whiting 265; Tilley {jaet on eorSan auht fasstlices Weorces on worulde N285; Whiting Scots 11 105. ne wunaö aefre. cl380 Chaucer Boece II m. iii N152 Nothing has no savor 21-3: It is certeyn and establissched by lawe 1546 Heywood D 32.60: But now 1 can smell, perdurable, that nothyng that is engendred nys nothyng hath no saver, 1555 E 158.76. Apperson stedfast ne stable. 1410 Walton Boethius 453; Oxford 463; Tilley N260. 79.203[7-8]: There may nothing be kyndly perdurable That is engendred of thise d e m e n t e s . N153 Nought has nought pays a l 4 3 7 Lydgate That Now is Hay in MP II 1456 Hay Law 233.2-3: For the law sais that 810.33-4: Ther may nothynge here longe conNocht has nocht payis. Apperson 455:35; Tilley tynue For to endure in his freshenys. See N154, N337. T87. N154 Nothing in earth (under the sun) is stable N162 Nothing which one loves seems difficult a l 4 4 9 Lydgate Look in MP 11 766.29: Pleynly a900 Alfred Augustine 26.9: Me ne ¡DincS declare in erthe is no thyng stable. 1509 Fisher nanwiht haefig Ses |эе man lufaÖ. Treatyse 193.32-3: Noo thynge under the sonne is stable. See N158, 161, T87, 101, 161, W671. N163 Nothing will b e got without it b e dearly bought 1523 Berners Froissart II 200[12-3]: Ther is N155 Nothing is commended but it be in nothyng wyll be gote without it be derely measure a l 4 4 9 Lydgate Mesure in MP II 772-5.8: Noth- bought. See F58. yng commendyd but it in mesure be, 16, 24, N164 Nought will be nought etc. (varied refrain). 1509 Barclay Ship 1 167[28]: And nought wyll N156 Nothing is done while aught remains to do b e nought what so ever thou do. Tilley N344. 1513 Douglas Aeneid 111 65.152: Na thing is N165 Nought won by the one, nought won by done quhil ocht remanys ado. the other 1546 Heywood D 51.322: Nought woon by the N157 Nothing is impossible to a stalwart nature tone, nought won by the tother. Apperson 459; (valiant heart) Oxford 465; Tilley N345. al400 Lanfranc 153.17: For ther is no thing unpossible to stalworthe nature. 1471 Caxton N166 Nothing won through force and wrong Recuyell 1 276.29-30: Unto a vaylliant hert is may b e used long no thynge Inpossible, 11 328.1-2: Ther is no a l 3 5 0 Castelford 70.21641-4: Nathing vonen thynge Inpossible unto a valliant herte. 1506 thorn fors and wrang Mai b e usede and mainHawes Pastime 10.140: To a wyllynge herte is tend lang. H e that thoru fors oght Winnes and nought Impossyble. 1546 Heywood D 25.38: takes Unstable chosen to him he makes. Cf. Nothing is impossible to a willyng hart. Ap- Oxford 464; Tilley N321. See F490, G342, T195. person 454; Oxford 463; Tilley N299. N167 One can lead Nothing from this life more than he brought (varied) N158 Nothing lasts ever 1477 Paston V 278[8]: But no thyng lastyth evyr. 897 Alfred Boethius 60.31-2: Ne laet he his 1513 More Richard 60 D[10]: But nothing nanwuht of Iiis middanearde mid him mare {)on he brohte hider, a900 Lays of Boethius lasteth alway. Smith 168. See N154. 173.9-11: Ne mot he Jjara hyrsta hionane lasdan of Sisse worulde wuhte Jjon mare hordgestreona N159 Nought lay down nought take u p 1546 Heywood D 51.320: Nought lay downe. Sonne he hiSer brohte. clOOO Aelfric Lives 1

Nothing (Nought)

434

212.47: Ne miht Su naht laedan of {íysum life mid {зе. cl395 WBible I Timothy vi 7: For we broughten in no thing in to this world, and no doute, that we moun not bere awey ony thing. cl440 Daily Work in Yorkshire Writers I 317 [40-2]: Nichil aufert secum de universo labore suo, that es thus mekill for to say: "Na thynge with hym he beris when he hythene weyndis, of all that he hase wonne with care and swynke." cl450 Jacob's Well 118.7-9: Seynt Poule seyth. Ad Tymoth vj., Ryght nought we browghtyn in-to this world, and, wyth-oute dowte, nothyng schal we beryn out fro this world in oure ende. cl450 Secrete of Secretes 14.16-8: Desire nought worldly thingis that are passyng and corruptible, but thynke that thou must leve alle and go hens nakid. 1483 Quatuor Sermones 33-4: For nakid thou camyst in to this world. And ageyn nakyd save a ragge, thou shalt goo out therof. cl503 More Early Poems [15] B[9]: Remember nature sent the hyther bare. Brinton Sermons II 442[18-9]: Dicente poeta. Tecum nulla ferres, licet omnia solus haberes. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 365.

N768

N172 To say Nothing but mum cl522 Skelton Colyn I 346.907: Can say nothynge but mum. 1546 Heywood D 70.8: I will say nought but mum, and mum is counsell, 1555 E 185.218: Mum is counsell, 187.225: I wyll say nought but mum, 1556 Spider 192[21]: Flies may sai nought but mum. Tilley N279. See M803, W602. N173 Where Nothing is a little does ease 1546 Heywood D 40.172: Where nothyng is, a little thyng dooth ease, 1555 E 161.93. Apperson 455; Oxford 463; Tilley N336. N174 Where Nothing is the king must lose his right 1546 Heywood D 56.37: Where as nothing is, the kynge must lose his right. Apperson 455; Oxford 464; Tilley N338. N175 Where Nought is to wed with, wise men flee the clog 1546 Heywood D 42.52: Where nought is to wed with, wise men flee the clog. Tilley N347.

N176 Who Nothing has can nothing get al5I3 Dunbar To the King 28.19: Quha na N168 Owe Nought and have nought is better thing hes, can na thing gett. Whiting Scots II at ease 105. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.79-80: Go awe noght and hafe noght is better at ese, Covetyce makes N177 Whoso does Nought serves nought many man in yll disese. Cf. Tilley N254. cl450 Douce MS.52 50.76: Who-so nought dois, nought servyth. Nil homini detur, qui nil sudans N169 There is Nothing but will serve for some- opeietur. cl450 Rylands MS.394 100.25. what cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 61.262: Ther is nothynge N178 Now or never but it wyll serve for sumwhat, be it never so cl225 Horn 65 С 1102: Com nu other nevre. course. Lay hym upe ageynst another tyme. cl385 Chaucer TC iv 101: But now or nevere. Apperson 455; Oxford 462; Tilley N327. cl440 Charles of Orleans 30.882: О now or ne vir make sum ordenaunce. cl520 Terens N170 There is Nothing may be hid that it is C4''[6]: But now tyme is ells never. NED Now not kid (known) (varied) 8; Taylor and Whiting 266; Tilley N351. al350 Seven Sages С 10.283-4: For nathing N179 Now (this) now (that) mai ay unhid (Pfor unkid) be. Bot anely Goddes awin prevete. al393 Gower CA III 86.5123-4: clOOO Aelfric Homilies 1 184[2-3]: Hwilon we Bot so wel may nothing ben hidd. That is nys beoS hale, hwilon untrume; nu bliöe, and eft ate laste kidd. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 654.23-4: on micelre unblisse. al300 Alisaunder 375. Yet ther is no thynge so secrete but otherwhile 6982-7: Swiche chaunce the werlde kepeth— it is knowen. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 288[23]: Now man leiggheth, now man wepeth! Now There is lyghtely nothynge but that it is knowen, man is hool, now man is seek; Nys no day V 208[23-4]: Nothynge can be hydde if men other ylyk. Noman that lyves hath borowe From putte to their dilygence to knowe. Tilley N330. evene libbe forto amorowe. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 108.3073-4: Now thou, and sythen y, See M806. So shal go, oure bayly, 121.3503-4: Now ys N171 There is Nothing said so soft that it comes the floure whyte and rede. And now hyt ys bothe drye and dede. cl330 Four Foes in Brown not out at last al393 Gower CA III 9.2286-7: Bot ther is Lyrics XIV 32.21-3: Now kirt, now care. Now nothing seid so softe. That it ne comth out ate min, now mare. Now sounde, now sare, etc. cl340 Rolle Psalter 476 (143.5): That now is laste.

NJ79

435

here, now a way. 1372 Advocates MS.18.7.21 (John of Crimestone) f.lOa in JEGP 20(1921) 274-5; Nu is up, nou is doun, Nou is frend, fo nou, Nou is out, nou is nout, Nou is al ago. el385 Chaucer CT 1[A] 1531-3: As doon thise loveres in hir queynte geres. Now in the crope, now doun in the breres. Now up, now doun, as boket in a welle, ТС ii 811: Now hoot, now cold. cl385 Usk 39.47-9: Now is his soule here, now a thousand myle hence; now fer, now nygh, now hye, now lowe. cl390 This World in Brown Lyrics XIV 160.3-4: Hit fareth as a foules fliht, Now is hit henne, now is hit here. al393 Gower CA II 20.569-70: Now hier now ther, now to now fro. Now up now down, this world goth so, 30.923-5: Right now the hyhe wyndes blowe, And anon after thai ben lowe. Now dowdy and now cher it is, 933-44: The See now ebbeth, now it floweth. The lond now welketh, now it groweth. Now be the Trees with leves grene. Now thai be bare and nothing sene. Now be the lusti somer floures. Now be the stormy wynter shoures, Now be the daies, now the nyhtes. So stant ther nothing al upryhtes, Now it is lyht, now it is derk; And thus stant al the worldes werk After the disposicioun Of man and his condicioun. III 433.1738: So goth this world, now wo, now wel. aI400 Cursor III 1356 F 23719-21: For certis I, likkin hit to a quele Of our life the werldis wele. Now up now doun as fallis with chaunce. al400 Prícke 40.1432-4: Ofte chaunges the tymes here, als men wele wate. Als thus, now es arly, now es late, Now es day, now es nyght, etc. cl400 Remedy in Yorkshire Writers II 110[21-2]: Now up now downe as wrestelers be. aI405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 401.458: Now up, now down, so rennyng is thy chaunce. al410 Love Mirrpur 235[29-30]: Now hiderward and now thiderward: now ynne and now oute. al420 Lydgate Troy I 202.2002: Now up, now doun, in armys stant the glorie, a 1437 That Now is Hay in MP II 811-2: Nowe it is day, nowe it is nyght; Nowe it is fowlle, nowe it is feyre; Nowe it is derke, nowe it is lyght, etc., 812.108: Now tryakle, nowe bytar galle, al439 Fall II 390.2192-6: What thyng mai heer floure in felicite. Or stonde stable be long contynuaunce In hih estatis outher in low degre? —Now flowe, now ebbe, now joie, now myschaunce, Afftir Fortune holdeth the ballaunce. al440 Burgh Cato 310.275-8: Sith manys liff is fülle of miserie, Whilom in mirthe and aftir in myscheef. Now in the vale, now in the mont on hihe; Now man is poore and eft richesse releífe. cl440 Charles of Orleans 137.4089: Now

Now wel now woo. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 505.579: Now up, now doun, as doth a curraunt goute, 509.695-6: Now liht, now soory; now joiful, now in woo; Now deer alofïte, now lowe in dirk(e)nesse, Tyed in MP II 834.53: Now six, now synk, now deny for my chaunce, 59: Now light, now hevy, now sorwe, now gladnes. al449 PLydgate Pageant of Knowledge in MP II 733.260: Now ebbe of povert, nowflodysof ryches, 738.117. al450 Barlam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) 117.135-42: Triste me ne may To this false world: that chaungeth ech day: Nou ye seth the wedir is hoot and now cold, Now aman in his youthe is: and now he is old. Now aman is ryche: and now in povert I sete, Nou aman is in gret chele: and nou brenneth for hete, Now me is in gret wele: and now me is in wo; This world is unstedfast, ffor al thing faryth so. a1450 Generydes В 95.2988: Now shynneth the sonne and (now) god sendith showrez. al450 Goodly Balade in Skeat Chaucerian 406.60: Now hot, now cold. al450 Whan that phebus in Sandison 124.43-7: Now myrth, now sorowe, now dolour, then gladnesse; Now better, now wursse, now plesure, then payne; Now to want, then to have, now love, then dysdayne; Now ebbe, now flodde, now compte, now pure; Now hoote, now colde, now drowght, now rayne. cI450 As I me lend in Archiv 107(1901) 50.17-9: Now wel now wo, now frend now foo, Now lef now thef, now in now out. Now cum now go, now to now froo. cl450 Greene Carols 365.5: Now is joye, and now is blys; Now is balle and bittemesse; Now it is, and now it nys; Thus pasyt this word away. cl450 Idley 91.605: Now above, now undre, as shippe undre saill, 627: Now sike, now hoole, now Joye, now doole, 104.1380-3: Ofte is seyn in a longe way Somtyme the wedir fresshe and faire of hewe. Now duste, now rayne, now sande, now clay. Now fresshe, now foule, now oolde, now newe, 145.2340: Now highe, now lowe, as ebbis and floodis. al460 Towneley Plays 120.125-6: Now in weyll, now in wo. And all thyng wrythys. cl470 Wallace 59.336-40: Now want, now has; now loss, now can wyn; Now lycht, now sadd; now blisful, now in baili; In haist, now hurt; now sorouffull, now haill; Nowe weildand weyle; now calde weddyr, now hett; Nowe moist, now drowth; now waverand wynd, now weit. cl475 Henryson Fables 101.2941-7: Now doloms, now blyth as bird on breir; Now in fredome, now wrappit in distres; Now haill and sound, now deid and brocht on beir; Now pure as Job, now rowand in riches; Now gouins gay, now brats laid in

Number

436

près; Now full as fitche, now hungrie as ane Hound; Now on the quheill, now wrappit to the ground, Testament 113.237-8: Now hait, now cauld, now blyith, now full of wo. Now grene as lelf, now widderit and ago. 1478 Rivers Morale Proverbes [1.23-4]: Now preyse, now blame communely by usance Sheweth folye and noo maniere constance. c l 4 8 0 Contemplacioun 202.423-4: Now seike now hale now glad now in grevans Never in a stait to stand be condicioun. 1484 Caxton Royal Book H6''[4-6]: This is no thynge, but now wepe and anone laughe. Now is ease, now is he at mysease, now is he in angre, now is he in pees, now in Joye now in sorowe. alSOO Lover and the Advocate of Venus in Robbins 172.96: Noght stedfast, but nowe up, nowe downe. alSOO Vanitas in Brown Lyrics XV 238.2-4: Lo! how this werld is tumyd up and downe, Now wele, now wo, now tranquilyte. Now werre, now pese, and now rebilyoun. 1501 Douglas Palice 9.5-8: Thy transitorie plesance quhat availlis? Now thair, now heir, now hie and now devaillis. Now to, now fra, now law, now magnifyis. Now hait, now cauld, now lauchis, now bevaillis, etc. al508 Dunbar Lament 20.10-1: Now sound, now seik, now blith, now sary. Now dansand mery, now like to dee. 1509 Barclay Ship I 32[11]: Nowe up nowe downe, 128[8]: Now full nowe voyde as waters ebbe and flowe, 206[28]: Nowe up hye, now lowe in the dust. al513 Dunbar Of the Warldü VaniÜe 151.19-23: Now day up bricht, now nycht als blak as sabill. Now eb, now flude, now freynd, now cruell fo; Now glaid, now said, now weill, now in to wo; Now cled in gold, dissolvit now in as; So dois this warld transitorie go. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 193.34-5: Now dreid, now sti^e, now lufe, now wa, now play, Langeir in murnyng, now in melody. c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 79.2512-3: Now well, nowe wo, nowe hy, now lawe degre; Nowe ryche, nowe pore, nowe hole, nowe in dysease, etc. 1533 More Apologye 121[27-9]: Now up now downe, now fallynge by synne and now rysynge agayne by grace. 1546 Heywood D 62.105-6: Now in now out, now here now there, now sad. Now mery, now hie, now lowe, now good, now bad, 1556 Spider 424.16-7: The spider right now so hie: evin now so low. The flie right now at eb, evin now a flote. Rudolph E. Habenicht ed. John Heywood's A Dialogue of Proverbs (Berkeley, Cal., 1963) 210; Whiting Scots II 105. See T350-5, 364.

N780 c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 1258[В2448]: Men shal alwey fynde a gretter nombre of fooles than of wise men. cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes i 15: The noumbre of foolis is greet with outen ende. c l 4 5 0 Speculum Christíani (2) 208.31-2: Ecclesiastes: The nombre of foyles es endlez.

N181 As nice as a Nun c l 4 0 5 Mum 34.237: That thou ne art nycier than a nunne nyne-folde tyme. N182 As nice as a Nun's hen al500 Greene Carols 401 В 1: Some (women) be nyse as a nonne hene. 1546 Heywood D 60.36: All in daliaunce, as nice as a nuns hen. Apperson 444; Oxford 451; Tilley N353. N183 To be a Nun of the green coat 1506 Hawes Pastime 135.3530: Amonge the nunnes of the grene cote. Cf. NED Green Ig; Oxford 266: To give a woman a green gown. N184 As sweet as a Nut al500 Inter Diabolus et Virgo 444.18: What ys swetter than ys the nott? 445.38: Lowe ys swetter than ys the notte. Apperson 614; Oxford 635; Taylor and Whiting 266; Tilley N358. N185 Knack (crack) me that Nut 1546 Heywood D 83.98: Knak me that nut. Apperson 460; Oxford 117; Tilley N359. N186 Not give a Nut c l 3 0 0 Havelok 16.419: He ne yaf a note of hise othes. N187 Not the nearer by a Nut c l 4 0 5 Mum 52.866: And nought the neer by a note. N188 Not worth a Nut c l 3 0 0 Havelok 48.1332: Nouht the worth of one noute. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 156[3-4]: To crye and braye shulde nouht be woorth to me a def note. 1562 Heywood E 230.3.6: Hers a freend for freendshyp, not woorth a crakt nut. Apperson 457:25; NED Deaf 6b. N189 Nut-brown al325 Cursor II 1078.18833-4: His hare like to the nute brun, Quen it for ripnes fais dun, 1080.18846: Nute brun als i tald yow are. al500 Nut Brown Maid 175.20: Nutt-browne maide, 177[19], 183.162. Taylor and Whiting 266; Whiting Ballad 30, Drama 321:236.

N190 The Nut (kernel) is better than the shell (varied) c l 4 4 0 Scrope Epistle to Othea 53[8]: The nutte is better than the shelle. c l 4 5 0 Epistle of Othea N180 The Number of fools is without end 80.2: Ffor, lyke as better is the kemell then (varied)

N796

437

Nutshell

shyll, 8-9: As the kemell of a nutt excedythe in al300 Alisaunder 27.427-8: His love is also valew the schyll. 1532 Berners Golden Boke swete, iwys. So note-muge. 419.10732-3: The nuttes ar very good, but the N193 As bare as a Nutshell shales be to hard. c l 4 5 0 Idley 197.2327-8: Ffor ye take fro the pouere that they shold by lieve, And make hym N191 One must break the Nut to have the as baare as a note shelle. kernel (varied) al225 Lambeth Homilies 79[13-4]: Nu hit iburd N194 Not set a Nutshell breke thas word, alse me breketh the nute for cl522 Skelton Colyn I 358.1227-8: We set not to habbene thene curnel. al396(1494) Hilton a nut shell The way to heven or to hell. Scale B7''[14-5]: He hath so wel gnawe on the bytter barke of the notte that he hath broken N195 Not worth a Nutshell al325 Cursor 111 1362.23828: Thair spede es it, and fedeth him with the kyrnell, C2''[20-l]: noght a (G: ne es worth a) nute-scell. al393 They gnawe on the drye barke wythout, but Gower CA II 316.566: Bot al nys worth a note the swete kernel of it, and the inly savour of it, schale. al529 Skelton Against Venemous may they not come to. al415 Lanterne 78.25-6: Tongues 1 135.4: And all is not worth a couple We must nede breke the nutt if we wole have of nut shalis. Oxford 466; Tilley N366. the kirnel. al500 Leœnfield Proverbs 493[16-7]: And yf ye wolde the swetnes have of the kyrnell. N196 The Nutshell, though it be hard and tough, Be content to byte upon the harde shell. Apholds the kernel person 177:25; Oxford 166-7; Tilley K19, N360. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 3.15-6: The nuttes schell, thocht it be hard and teuch, Haldis the N192 As sweet as Nutmeg kirnill, and is delectabill. Cf. Tilley N360.

о 0 1 As round as an О cl490 Ryman 222.3[2]: Heven and erthe rounde like an O. Whiting NC 452.

the happy fallyng strook. The greete sweigh doth it come al at ones. cI385 Usk 135.99-101: So ofte must men on the оке smyte, til the happy dent have entred, whiche with the okes owne swaye maketh it to come al at ones. Apperson 272; Oxford 295.

0 2 As great as an Oak (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al375 Octavian (S) 30.921-2: Guymerraunt, Greet as an ok. cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 158-9: 0 9 To fall down like an Oak Thurgh out his armure it wolde kerve and byte. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 297.4240: He vel Were it as thikke as is a branched ook. cl450 adoun as a gret ok that binethe ykorve wer. al350 Castelford 93.22252-4: Als A grete ake Idley 138.1846: Thoughe it hadde be mighti as thorn windes blaste. Louse rifen up so bi the an оке. rotes. This geante fel doune bifor his fotes. 0 3 As hard as an Oak (board) al300 Alisaunder 341.6404-5: The face hii han 0 1 0 To stand like a great Oak (etc.) (A number playn and hard. Als it were an okes bord. 1480 of single quotations are brought together here) Caxton Ovyde 131[9-10]: More harde than an al350 Castelford 92.22237: Yia, ever he stod Оке. Svartengren 260. als A gret ake. al420 Lydgate Troy I 112.3390: And leied on him as men hewe on an оке, 0 4 As strong as an Oak III 686.4178: But evere she sat stille as any оке. cl395 WBible Amos ii 9: He was strong as an al425 St. Robert 65.742: Nay mare he mowed ook. al475 Gut/^ 86.3004: Thogh he were as (moved) than dose an ake. stronge as an noke. Svartengren 392; Whiting Scois II 105. 0 1 1 While an Oak is a young spire (shoot) it may be wound into a withe (halter), etc. 0 5 As sturdy as an Oak 1422 Yonge Governaunce 161.35-7: And whyle al420 Lydgate Troy II 440.1594: Sturdy as an an hooke is a yonge Spyre, hit may be wonde оке. Taylor Comparisons 79. into a wyth, but when hit is a wixen tree, an 0 6 Great Oaks fall for wind's strokes and small hundrid oxyn unneth hit may bowe. See P251, stand still W35, Y4. cl350 Libeaus 75.1351-3: I have y-sein grete okes Falle for windes strokes And smale stonde 0 1 2 To have an Oar in every man's boat (barge) cl500 Cock 1Ц29]: In Cockes bote eche man full stille. See T464, W348. had an ore. 1546 Heywood D 36.29: She must 0 7 An Oak comes of a little spire {shoot) have an ore in every mans barge, 1555 E cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1335: An ook comth of a 180.189. Apperson 461; Oxford 467; Tilley 0 4 ; litel spir. Skeat 171. See G418, K12. Whiting Drama 356:738. 0 1 3 Oath done for strength (force) is no oath 0 8 An Oak falls all at once (varied) (varied) cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1380-3: Thenk hereayeins: whan that the stordy ook. On which cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 530.7344-5: men hakketh ofte, for the nones, Receyved hath Harald him sende word that folie it was to 438

025

439

truste To such oth as was ido mid strengthe as he wel wuste, 531.7351: Thervore nede oth isuore nede ibroke was. 1456 Hay Lotü 184.4-7; The law sals, Quod juramentum contra bonos mores compulsum non est servandum. That is to say that ane ath aganls gude custumes and gude thewis of gude men compellit is nocht to be haldin na kepit. 1481 Caxton Reynard 50[ll-3]: I wente ones with a good man that said to me that a bydwongen oth or oth swom for force was none oth, 1484 Aesop 47[l-3]: The thynge which is promysed by force and for drede is not to be hold, [18-9]: For the thyngs whiche are done by force have none fydelyte. cl500 Fabyan 234[42-3]: A lewde othe myght and oughte to be broken, and specyally whan it is compelled to be swome for nede or for drede. Jente 112; Tilley 0 7 . See C485, T197. 0 1 4 Occupation is the mother of virtue al439 Lydgate Fall 1 230.1092: Modir of vertu is occupacyoun. See 16, S392.

Oil for ewyne, Ffor tho byne the werkis that helpyne us to heyvyne. al400 Scottish Legends I 201.382-3: How dar thu thane for hod or ewyn Fra thi lorde tak hyre to the. cl400 Laud Troy I 25.831-2: And swere me ther by that god Alle this to holde for even or od, 167.5666, 283. 9613-4, II 364.12349-51, 391.13284-5, 431. 14624: He scholde him scie for odde or evene, 531.18046-7. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 125.18273-4: He sayd that suld we never, Nauder for evyn ne ode. al450 Castle 121.1472: I schal not spare, for odde nor even, с1450 St. Cuthbert 146.4957: Alle yone oste, bathe even and od. al460 Towneley Plays 101.20: Ffor even or for od I have mekyll tene. 1464 Hardyng 410[27-8]: The Scottes wyll ay do you the harme they may. And so they have full ofte with odde and even. al500 Thre Prestis 43.972: I sal hir never displeis for od nor evin. aIS13 Dunbar Of Discretioun in Taking 36.37: Than suld I tak bayth evin and od, Devillis Inquest 77.41-2: I forsak God, And all his werkis evin and od. MED even, adj. 15(c); NED Odd 2c.

0 1 5 As good be Occupied as do nothing cl516 Skelton Magnificence 23.692-3: As good 0 1 9 Great Offence requires great atonement to be occupyed as up and downe to trace And al023 Wulfstan Homilies 268.23-4: We witan do nothynge. Cf. Til ey 17. See 17. ful geome {>set to mielan bryce sceal micel bot nyde, and to mielan bryne waeter unlytel. 0 1 6 To know what it is O'clock cl522 Skelton Colyn I 319.219-20: To knowe See W60. whate ys a clocke Under her surfled smocke. 0 2 0 Uncommitted (unassigned) Office oft Oxford 345; Tilley OlO. annoys 0 1 7 As rich (happy) as Octavian {varied) cl380 Chaucer PF 518: For office uncommytted al387 Higden-Trevisa II 2Ц21-2]: Riches that ofte anoyeth. Skeat 138. See C447, S167. there (England) is an Yem wolde Octavian. 0 2 1 As brown as Oil cl395 WBible III Kings iii 12 gloss: And summe al425 Mandeville (Egerton) 79.5-6: Dyamaundes weren richere as Octovyan. с 1400 Seven Sages . . . broune as oile. D 26-7.822-6: In the tyme of octoviane That was ane mychti emprioure And lufit richess sa 0 2 2 As fat as Oil oure mesoure That gold and silver in hurd had al475 Si. Birgitta 20.35: Make not the sowie he That uness It mycht noumerit be. cl420 fatt as oyle. Wyntoun III 287.1091-4: Men oyssit for his worschep ay In til Rome a prowerb {var. 0 2 3 As nesh (smooth) as Oil commone proverb) say, Qwha happiar than al400 Northern Verse Psalter I 175 (54.22): Ottovian, Or qwha evir bettyr than Trajan? Nesched als oyle his saghs bene (var. Smethe are mi sayes over oli). Apperson 582; Oxford a1449 Lydgate Amor in MP II 748.115: Passe Octovian or Cresus in riches. 1493 Seven Wise 600; Taylor and Whiting 269; Tilley 025. Masters 46[4-6]: In that tyme was an emperour 0 2 4 To cast Oil in fire named Octavyan, whiche in rychesse of golde cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 59-60: For wyn and and sylver exceded al other kynges and prynces, youthe dooth Venus encresse. As men in fyr 82 [1-2]: Octavianus themperour reygned in wol casten oille or greesse. Apperson 463; OxRome ryghte ryche and coveytous, and above ford 469; Taylor and Whiting 269; Tilley 030; all thynges he loved golde. Whiting Scots II Whiting Scote II 106. 106. 0 2 5 To hold (bear) up Oil al387 Higden-Trevisa III 447[13-4]: A greet 0 1 8 Odd (Even) or even (odd) al325 Erthe 25.51-2: Loke thou lete, for oode ne deel of hem that were at the feste hilde up the

Oil

440

026

kynges oyl. cl390 Suffer in Time in Brown 0 3 0 Not too Old to learn Lyrics XIV 202.74: And holde up 'оуГ by and cl515 Barclay Eclogues 71.538: Thou art not by. But thou say Sooth 207.85: Hold up no to olde for to lere. Cf. Taylor and Whiting monnus 'оуГ, I rede (Note and glossary say 105:6. 'оуГ is French 'yes'). al393 Gower CA III 0 3 1 Old and cold 292.2194-5: Bot holden up his oil and sein That aI425 Chester Plays I 110.134: For I am both al is wel, what evere he doth (Note [III 529] old and colde. Oxford 469. suggests oil' as French 'eye'), 303-4.2583-5: Prophetes false manye mo To bere up oil, and 0 3 2 The Olive (branch) of peace alle tho Affermen that which he hath told. cl380 Chaucer PF 181: The olyve of pes. al398 cl405 Mum 18.186: For braggynge and for (1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa R7''[ 1.18-23]: bostynge and beringe uppon (?up of) oilles, (Olive) is a worthy tree and a tree of peas as 34.247: Easily for oyle, sire, and elles were I he (Isadore) sayth ffor the story of the Romayns nyce, 35.271: And has housholde and hire to meanith that wythout braunches of olive noo holde up thy oyles, 51.831: For alle was huyst messagers were sent to Rome to gete peas in the halle sauf "holde up the oyles." Apperson nother to profre peas to other men. cl400 463. Mandeville Travels 7.3: For olyve betokneth pes. al475 Guy^ 70.2446-8: A branche of olyfe 0 2 6 While there is Oil the lamp is lightly set in hys hande he bere That was a feyre tokenynge afire Of pees and of looveyng. a1475 Tree 64.13-4: A braunche of an olyve tree; be the olyve is al393 Gower CA III 461.2775-7: Whil ther is undirstonde pees. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III oyle forto fyre, The lampe is lyhtly set afyre, 129.48: In takyn of peax a branch of olyve tre, And is fulhard er it be queynt. IV 13.2: Ambassatouris, with branch of olyve 0 2 7 Cast not away the Old until you are sure tre. 1518 Watson Oliver Μ2·"[24-5]: Berynge of the new (varied) in his hande a braunche of Olyve is the sygne cI495 Arundel Vulgaria 80.335: Yete cast not of peas. Taylor and Whiting 270. away thyn olde by myne advyce tyll thou be sure of newe (perhaps quite literal). aI500 0 3 3 Once ought to suffice Cotton Galba E. ix. f.ee" in W. H. Hulme cl408 Lydgate Reson 61.2313-6: Ne sholde nat, Middle-English Harrowing of Hell (EETS ES as semeth me. To oft(e) sythe rehersed be; For, 100, 1907) xxv: He that casteth of the olde Be- by doctryne of the wyse, Oones ought y-nowgh fore he know the newe. Maye weepe in the suffise. Gavin Holt (pseud.) Trail of the Skull winter When frostes dooth inswe. All olde (London, [cl930]) 61: Once is enough for Santa things ar not ill Where wise men doo weue; Teresa. Som newe thinges are scharce good And that is 0 3 4 As fast as One goes another comes trwe. See F424, 650, N97, T132. 1546 Heywood D 23.26: As fast as one goth an 0 2 8 He that would be Old long should become other comthe. Oxford 192; Tilley G161-2. old hastily 0 3 5 One against all has seldom sovereignty 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 31[17-20]: I nevir conal439 Lydgate Fall II 654.2482: Oon ageyn scented to an olde proverbe . . . which amonysalle hath seelde sovereynte. Cf. Whiting Drama sheth and signifleth that thou becomyst olde 188. See M366. hastli yf thou wilt long be olde. Apperson 464:11; 0 3 6 One against two is not good to fight Oxford 471; Tilley 034. cl350 Libeaus 32.548-9: Oon ageines two To fighte, that is nought good. See T548. 0 2 9 Men may the Old (wise) atren (outrun) but not atrede (outwit) (varied) 0 3 7 One is two, friend is foe, will is woe cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 131 Τ 605-6: For the al400 Four Proverbs in Pol. Rei. and Love helder mon me mai of-riden Betere thenne ofPoems 251: On is two; Frend is foo; Wil is wo. reden. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2449: Men may Brown-Robbins 2167. the olde atrenne, and noght atrede, TC iv 1455-6: Youre syre is wys; and seyd is, out of 0 3 8 One is worth a hundred and a hundred is drede "Men may the wyse atrenne, and naught not worth one atrede." cl450 Rylands MS.394 107.20: Me may 1523 Berners Froissart II 266[31-4]: For it is the olde over rynne but not over rede. Jente comonly sayde, that one is worthe a C. and a 525; Skeat 195. C. is nat worthe one . . . and . . . sometyme

055

441

it fortuneth, that by one man a hole countrey is saved. Apperson 472; Oxford 476; Tilley M354.

Others hardi be, That any strok munteth to me, Mahoun mi god ich here for-sake Yef he sschal evere ordres take. Of ani other bisschopes hond. Hot of Corsouze mi gode brond. See P400.

0 3 9 One lost and two recovered cl477 Caxton Jason 56.29-30: Have not ye ofte 0 5 1 Ordinance (order) in fight is better than tymes herd saye that one lost and two recoverid. strength c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun V 413-5.3528-30: Her by men 0 4 0 One may come and quit all may ensampil ta. That bettyr is ordynans in al400 Eglamour 44.658-60: Slyke chans maye to feicht Sum tyme, than outhir strenythe or fall, That ane may come and quyte all. Be thou mycht. See L381, M801. never so prest. Whiting Scots II 106-7. See T308. 0 5 2 Betwixt Orkneys and Ind cl385 Chaucer TC ν 971: As ben bitwixen 0 4 1 That One may not another may Orkades and Inde. 1546 Heywood D 62.19: That one may not an other may. Tilley 0 6 2 . 0 4 2 That (which) pleases One smarts (hurts) another sorely al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 313.454: That pleseth ООП, another smerteth sore. Cf. Tilley M483. See G104, 329, H653, M486.

0 5 3 Ossing (offering) comes to bossing (kissing) c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.52 55.117: Ossyng comys to bossyng. cl450 Rylands MS.394 104.18.7-9: Ossynge comes to bossinge. Vulgus opirmtur quod postmodum verificatur. Que predixerunt plures operata fuerunt. Apperson 475; NED Osse 3; Oxford 479; Tilley 0 8 2 .

0 4 3 To speak One and mean twain al420 Lydgate Troy III 704.4779: He spak but 0 5 4 "God have mercy on our souls," said the holy Oswald as he fell ООП, and yit he ment(e) tweyne. аЭОО Bede 188.16-8: Cwasdon heo bi Son {sus in 0 4 4 When One is out another is in gydde: Drihten God miltsa Jju sawlum ussa al500 Clerk and the Nightingale I in Robbins leoda, cwaeö se haiga Oswald, [за he on eoröan 174.64: When on is owt another is in. See N6. saag. a900 Old English Martyrology 138.20-3: Oswald endade his lif in gebedes wordum )эа 0 4 5 While One goes up another has a fall hine mon sloh, ond {за he feol on eorSan, }за al420 Lydgate Troy I 202.2028: While on goth cwaeS he: "deus miserere animabus;" he cwaeS: up, an-other hath a fai. See B575, F 5 I 2 . "god, miltsa {)u saulum." clOOO Aelfric Lives 0 4 6 As sweet as any Onion II 136.161: And jjus clypode (Oswald) on his al513 Dunbar In Secreit Place 55.53: My sowklar fylle, "God gemiltsa urum sawlum!" al338 sweit as ony unyoun. Mannyng Chronicle A II 560-1.16165-76: In his fallynge he seyde on hy, "Of alle our soules, 0 4 7 Not worth an Onion (couple of onions) Lord, have mercy!" That was the laste werde 1509 Barclay Ship I 63[27]: A yonge boy that he seid. And fei doun, and ther he deyd. Of is nat worth an onyon, 89[19]: Their purpose tho men that thys word herd, A byword in al nat worth a cowpyll of onyons, cl515 Eclogues 206.690: In valour scant worth a couple of the contre ferd, "God have our soules! quath Osewold." Thys byword was longe y-told, Thys onions. 1534 Heywood Love α2"·[3], 1556 Spider they seide at ilka rage. And longe had they 106[4]. Apperson 458:38; Tilley 0 6 6 . hit in usage: This word witnesseth wel seynt 0 4 8 To pill (peel) one like an Onion Bede, That longe was used in many lede. al387 al529 Skelton Boke of Three Fooles I 204[25-6]: Higden-Trevisa V 461[9-11]: And therfore yit They pill theim as an onion. hit is (a) bysawe, "God have mercy of soules, quoth Oswalde, and fil to the grounde." al425 0 4 9 When Oportet (must) comes in place Higden-Anon. V 46Ц8-10]: Wherefore hit is miserere has no grace (varied) hade as a commune proverbe unto this tyme, c l 3 7 8 Piers В χ 439: For qant OPORTET vyent "Oswaldus fallenge to therthe, seide, 'God have en place yl ny ad que PATI. al500 My lefe mercy on trewe sawles." A. H. Krappe Science chyld in Rei. Ant. II 14[31-2]: And when of Folk-Lore (London, 1930) 149; B. J. Whiting oportet cums in plas. Thou biawys miserere has "Earliest Recorded English Wellerism," PQ no gras. Note to Piers II 162-3. 15(1936) 310-1. 0 5 0 To take Orders of a good brand cl330 Otuel 70.181-6: For yef ani of you so 0 5 5 Better that Others weep than yourself

Outrage

442

cl385 Chaucer TC iv 591: Bet is that othere than thiselven wepe. See C153.

056 by información. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 239; Tilley M733.

0 5 6 To (a)venge one Outrage by another 0 6 6 Neither Over-wish nor over-purchase nor cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1524-5[В2714-5]: And overbuild therfore me thynketh men oghten nat repreve 1480 Stonar Letters II 98[27-30]: And of certen me, though I putte me in a litel peril for to thynges I wold desire you and pray you in the venge me, and though I do a greet excesse, name of God, that ye wolle not over wissh yow, that is to seyn, that I venge oon outrage by ner owyr purches yow, ner owyr bild you; for another. See F491. these iii thynges wolle plucke a yongman ryth lowe. 0 5 7 As the Ouzel (blackbird) whistles so answers 0 6 7 As crooknecked as an Owl the thrush al529 Skelton Elynour I 108.427: Crokenecked 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[21-2]: As the lyke an oule. owsell whystelyth so answeryth the thrusshe. o e s As odious as an Owl 0 5 8 As hot as an Oven al507 Dunbar Epetaphe 65.7: And he evir c l 3 9 5 WBible Hosea vii 7: Alle weren maad odious as an owle. hoot as an ovene (cI384: foumeice). Taylor and Whiting 272. 0 6 9 Owl on stock and stock on owl, etc. al393 Gower CA II 242.585-7: Bot Oule on 0 5 9 Do not yawn with {against) an Oven Stock and Stock on Oule; The more that a man cI250 Owl 28.289-92: Hit is a wise monne defoule. Men witen wel which hath the werse. dome, And hi hit segget wel ilome. That me ne chide wit the gidie. Ne wit than ofne me ne Oxford 482. yonie. Apperson 243; Jente 402; C. T. Onions 0 7 0 The Owl to the stone and the stone to the in Medium Жпит 9(1940) 86-7; Oxford 233; owl but ever abides the silly owl Tilley G33. 01475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 120.39: The owle to the stone and the stone to the owle, but 0 6 0 To see no more than in an Oven ever a-bydyth the sely owle. Seu bugo (sic) alSOO Partenay 154.4453: No thyng he saw lapidi iactetur seu lapis ille ictus dampna gravis more then in a oven he. semper habebit avis. 0 6 1 As red as an Oven Mouth al420 Lydgate Troy II 493.3446-7: Whos eyen 0 7 1 Stroke Owl and scrape owl and ever is owl owl eke, flawmynge also rede As the blase of an oven mouthe. al400 Bozon Contes 23[9-10]: Stroke oule and schrape oule and evere is oule oule. See A228. 0 6 2 Overbusy was never commendable (varied) al400 Pricke 31.1094-5: I hald that man noght 0 7 2 To cry like an Owl witty. That about the world is over bysy. al500 al300 Tristrem II 82.3032-3: As oule and See Much in Brown Lyrics XV 280.30: Over stormes strong. So criestow on heye. besy was (never) yit commend(able). Cf. Ox0 7 3 To hide like an Owl ford 71: To be too busy; Tilley C621. cI395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1081: And al day after hidde hym as an owle. Whiting Scots II 0 6 3 That which is Overdone will not prove 107. aright c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 645-6: That that is 0 7 4 To know no more than the Owl of music overdoon, it wol nat preeve Aright, as Clerkes c I 4 I 5 Middle English Sermons 194.13-4: Thoo seyn; it is a vice. Apperson 640-1; Oxford 665; he knowe no more ther-of than can the howle Skeat 283. See M463, P383, T86. of musik. See A227. 0 6 4 He that Overloads himself is evilly strained 0 7 5 To look (be) like an Owl 1484 Caxton Aesop 245[l-2]: He that over c l 4 0 0 Plowman's Tale 187.1270: And loked ladeth hym self is evylle strayned. See F56, lovely as an owle. al450 Castle 149.2410: I loke L413. lyke an howle. aI450 York Plays 258.117-9: He lokis . . . like an nowele in a stok. alSOO 0 6 5 The Overlooking of the owner is better Mocking Letter in Bobbins 219.6: Most fresch than hearing of contenaunce, evyn as an Oule. Whiting 1519 Horman Vulgaria 258[33-4]: The overDrama 322:240. lokynge of the owner is better than the hyrynge

093

443

Oyster

cl450 Rylands MS.394 92.6: Seldon dyeth his 076 Own is own cl250 Hendyng О 198.36: Owene is owene and oxe that wepeth for a kok. al500 Hill 133.53: other mannes edwyt {shame, reproach). al400 Seide dyeth the oxe that wepeth for the cok. Procerbis of Wysdom 246.103: Own is own and Bos moritur rara qui gallo plorat amara. Apothere men is edwyte. 1546 Heywood D 69.120: person 479; Walther I 245.2153a. Alwaie owne is owne, 1555 E 187.227. Apperson 0 8 4 Three Oxen in (one) plow never draw well 479; Kneuer 38-9; Oxford 482; Schleich 261-2; a 1450 Boke of Curtasye (Shane) 307.285-8: Yf Singer III 133; Skeat 85. See B505, T305. thou schalle on pilgrimage go. Be not the thryd felaw for wéle ne wo; Thre oxen in plowgh 0 7 7 As great as (an) Ox cl350 Libeaus 74 var. 1344»-ί : He is also grete, may never wel drawe, Nother be craft, ryght, As is an ox. cl385 Chaucer TC ν 1469: For ne lawe. See B433. with a boor as gret as ox in stalle. Taylor 0 8 5 To be shut up like any Ox in stall Comparisons 16: big. cl450 Idley 96.887: Thow shalt be shett up as ony oxe in stall. 0 7 8 Bind not the Ox's mouth a900 Alfred Gregory 105.7-8: Bi Son waes 0 8 6 To call a black Ox "swan" gecueden on Saere ae: Ne forbinden ge na ösem cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 145-6.4319-20: He Syrstendum oxum öone mu6. cl395 WBible ys no more crystyn man Than who so kallyth Deuteronomy xxv 4: Thou schalt not bynde the a blak oxe 'swan.' cl450 Idley 174.972-3: Thow mouth of the oxe tredynge thi fruytis in the com floor, I Corinthians ix 9: For it is writun may well be called a crystyn man As a man use in the lawe of Moisés, Thou schalt not bynde to name a blak oxe, swan. the mouth of the ox threischynge, I Timothy 0 8 7 To ear (plow) with an Ox and an ass V 18: bridil. al400 Pauline Epistles I Corinthians together ix 9: Thou schalt not bynde to the mouth of 01395 WBible Deuteronomy xxii 10: Thou the oxe plowande, 1 Timothy ν 18: brydele. schalt not ere with an oxe and asse togidere. cl400 Paues 114 I Timothy ν 18: For holy al402 Trevisa Dialogus 12.14-5: Thanne ye scripture seyth. Thou ne schalt noght bynde ereth with an oxe and an asse ayenus youre the mouth of the oxe that tyleth thi lond. Holy Writ. Apperson 504; Oxford 508; Tilley 1533 More Confutación 643 F[3-6]: Thou shall 0109. not bynde the mouth of the oxe as he goeth in the flowre and thresheth the come. Tilley Ol 13. 0 8 8 To lead like an Ox by the hom Cisco Body and Soul 51 L 413-4: Ye ledde me bi doune and dale. As an oxe bi the hom (A: 0 7 9 The black Ox has not trod on his foot 1546 Heywood D 30.45: The blacke oxe had not As men doth ox bi the hom). trode on his nor hir foote, 1555 E 159.79: The blacke Oxe never trode on thy foote. Apperson 0 8 9 To stand like Ox in stall 52; Oxford 48; Taylor and Whiting 273; Tilley cl400 Laud Troy I 165.5603: Al that day stode as oxe in stalle. 0103; Whiting Drama 335:407, Scots II 107. 0 8 0 Bring the Ox to the hall and he will to 0 9 0 Two Oxen in one yoke draw (a)like 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[2-3]: Two the stall cl450 Rylands MS.394 92.11: Brynge the oxe to oxen in one yocke drawen lyke. the halle ande he wolle to the stalle. Oxford 0 9 1 Not the value of an Oyster 65: Bring a cow; Tilley C752. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 357.13153-5: Ek I 0 8 1 Now day to-morrow day, said the Ox that ne have noon avauntage Ffor to harme nor do damage—Nat the valu off An Oystre. the hare chased 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 13[15-6]: Now 0 9 2 Not worth an Oyster daye to morwe day, sayde the oxe that the hare 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 182: But thilke text chacyd. heeld he nat worth an oystre. 0 8 2 The Ox that draws backward shall be 0 9 3 A stopping (choking) Oyster twice pricked cl499 Skelton Bowge 148.477:1 have a stoppynge 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[17-8]: The ox oyster in my poke. 1546 Heywood D 52.379-80: that drawyth bacwarde shal be twyse prycked. But therto deviseth to cast in my teeth. Checks 0 8 3 Seldom dies his Ox that weeps for a cock and chokyng oysters, 1556 Spider 68[7]: A

Oysters

444

meane wit maie deeme, it was a chokyng oister. Tilley 0115. See C240.

094 had reysyd as many men as he kowd так in hameys to have holp Gomay. NED Oyster Ic.

0 9 4 To drink to one's Oysters 0 9 5 Not worth an Oystershell 1472 Paston V 138[14-7]: For and I had not al500 Mischance Reigns in Wright Political delt ryght corteysly up on Holy Rood Day I Poems II 239[15]: Alle be they not worth an had drownk to myn oystyrs, for yowng Heydon oyster-schelle.

PI The slower Pace, the further in running al449 Lydgate Tyed in MP II 833.24-5: The slowar paas, the further in rennynge; The more I renne, the more wey I lese. Oxford 281. See HI68.

Frith 842 F[l-3]: The young man playeth a very young wanton pageaunt, 1533 Answer 1041 A[13], C[13-4], 1534 Comforte 1222 F [ 9 - l l ] , Correspondence 504.58-9: "W^an they had played their pageant and were gone out of the place. NED Pageant lb.

P2 As plain as a Packstaff 1533 More Confutación 814 F[4-5]: So playne P6 To get one's Paiks (thrashing) as a packe staffe. 1556 Heywood Spider 148[17]: al508 Dunbar Flyting 7.70: How that thow, You pacstaffe plaine: the ant crafty and close. poysonit pelor, gat thy paikis. Whiting Scots Apperson 499; Oxford 503; Tilley P322. II 108. P3 A Pad (toad) in the straw P7 After great Pain the joys are sweeter 1546 Heywood D 68.87: Or els this geare will 1506 Hawes Pastime 91.2357: After grete payne breede a pad in the strawe, 1555 E 196.290. Apthe Joyes is the swetter. See M728. person 481; Oxford 484; Tilley P9; Whiting P8 After Pains pleasure Drama 356:750. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 26[9]: After paynes P4 To swell like a Pad pleasure. See B325, L70. el489 Caxton Aymon I 314.21: He swelled like P9 Better a short Pain than one that abides a padde. Taylor and Whiting 376. See T343. long P5 To play one's Pageant 1509 Barclay Ship I 194[21]: Better a shorte al470 Malory II 748.7-8: I tolde you that thys payne, than that doth longe abyde. Whiting day there wolde a knyght play his pageaunte, Drama 149. See E205, L471. 759.29: Yondyr rydyth a knyght that playyth his pageauntes. 1483 PSkelton Kynge Edwarde PIO Every Pain is good to flee I 4.85: I have played my pageyond, now am I al393 Cower CA III 442.2096-7: Of every lust past. cl505 Watson Valentine 51.17: You have thende is a peine. And every peine is good to taught me to play this pagent. al508 Dunbar fle. Lament 21.46. 1509 Fyftene Joyes G4''[12]: How be it he hath sene suche pagentes playde. P l l Small Pain (effort) has little hire (reward) cl515 Barclay Eclogues 185.113: Small payne cl515 Barclay Eclogues 112.141: With brauling hath little hire. Cf. Smith 228. they enter first pagiant to play. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 17.505. 1528 More Heresyes 134 P12 To take a Pain for a pleasure H[3-4]: Suche pageantes be played before all 1546 Heywood D 27.51: Take a peyne for a the towne, 271 GH: I never sawe any that more pleasure all wyse men can. Oxford 639. verely play that pageaunt than do thys kind of such preachers. al529 Skelton Gamesche I P13 As white as Paindemaine (white bread) cl390 Chaucer CT VII 725[В1915]: Whit was 127.37. 1529 More Supplicacion 297 C[10-l], his face as payndemayn. 304 E[7], 1532 Confutación 420 E[9], 605 D[16], 680 B[9-10]: This false pageaunt plaieth Tindal, Ρ14 Not worth a Paindemaine 445

Pair

446

cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 123.383: Thy conceit is nat worth a payndemayn.

P15 cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1568-9: I counte nat a panyer ful of herbes Of scole-termes.

P21 As thick as Pap P15 To show a fair Pair of heels 1546 Heywood D 81.34: But except hir maide al475 Crafte of Lymnynge Bokys in Early English Miscellanies (Warton Club, 1855) shewe a fayre paire of heeles. Apperson 568; Oxford 586; Taylor and Whiting 274; Tilley 87[15]: Temper hem with pysse thyk as pappe. Apperson 624: porridge. P31. P22 No Pap like mother's to nourish P16 As wise as Pallas cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 49: Though she were aI500 Partenay 140.4041-2: To norish no pappe like moders never-mo, As befom is said, ho wis as Pallas. many it purchas. P17 To win the Palm P23 As thin as Paper clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 402[10]: Se palm is sige-beacen. al439 Lydgate Fall II 345.589: al399 Forme of Cury 73[12-3]: As thynne as Thus Glad Povert hath the palme Iwonne, Paper. Whiting NC 454. 350.796: Wan the palme off many gret viatorie. P24 Paper-white Cf. Taylor and Whiting 275. cl386 Chaucer LGW 1198: Upon a thikke palfrey, paper-whit. Taylor and Whiting 275. P18 Palmers (pilgrims) are liars (varied) al375 Octavian (S) 43.1365-8: Of other palmers P25 To play a Parcel he gan frayne Lesynges quaynte, As ech man cl412 Hoccleve Regement 110.3055: In lordes behouyd, that ys yn payne, Hys tale paynte. courtes thou pleyest thi parcel. cI443 Pecock al376 Piers A Prol. 46-9: Pilgrimes and palmers Reule 267[25-6]: But certis if he wolde pleie . . . Wenten forth in heore way with mony this parcel withoute hope to have the faukun, wyse tales. And hedden leve to lyghen al heore thanne dide he imdiscretely. NED Parcel If. lyf aftir. cl380 Chaucer HF 2121-4: And, Lord, this hous in alle tymes. Was ful of shipmen and P26 Parchment-dry pilgrimes. With scrippes bret-ful of lesinges, 1534 Heywood Love Dl'[20]: Parched perchEntremedled with tydynges. al387 Higden- ment drye. Trevisa I 225[I8-9]: That piler pilgrims and palmers, that faste con lighe, clepeth it seint P27 To kiss the Pardon-bowl for the drink's Petris com hepe, 227[9]: Pilgryms ful of lesynges. sake 1509 Barclay Ship II 68[6-16]: Also I fynde that C I 5 4 5 Heywood Four PP C2^'[12-3]: Suche is there thre sortes be Of people lyvynge, whiche the payne that ye palmers take To kysse the may themselfe defende In lesynge, for they have pardon bowle for the drynke sake. See C218, auctoryte to lye. The first is pylgrymes that L37. hath great wonders sene In strange countres, P28 Not to part with the Paring of one's nails suche may say what they wyll Before tho men 1546 Heywood D 49.273: She will not part that hath nat also ben In those same places, with the paryng of hir nayles. Apperson 483; and hath of them no skyll. The seconde ar men Oxford 487; Tilley P52. aged suche may bost theyr fyll Without repugnaunce. And men of hye degre Before theyr P29 Not to purpose (give) the Paring of a pear servauntis may playne say what they wyll. Yet cl405 Mum 42.522: This is not to роифоов the ar they nought but folys if they lye. cl545 Hey- pare of ООП pere. 1532 More Frith in Workes wood Four PP АЗ"··": For ye (o Palmer) may 844 A[10-2]: I would not geve the paryng of lye by aucthoryte. And all that hath wandred a pere for his prayer. 1556 Heywood Spider so farre That no man can be theyr controller. 252[10]: Geve . . . not paring of a Pere. Oxford 668-9. See J27, R185, S251. P30 From hence to Paris (gates) cl400 Femina 63[2]: Thanne alle the moulez Ρ19 As black as any (a) Pan al425 Ipomadon В 300.1647: An helme, as blak fram henne to parys. alSOO Medwall Nature C2''[32-3]: I am spokyn of more than they all as any panne. al500 How the Plowman Learned his Paternoster in Hazlitt EPP I 214.130: An- Hens to parys gatys. Tilley H429. other black as a pan. cl515 Barclay Eclogues P3I The Parish Priest forgets that he was ever 7.238: My head . . . blacke as any pan. clerk (varied) P20 Not count a Pannier full of herbs 1533 Heywood Johan B3^[41-2]: The olde pro-

P46

447

Pasture

verbe is treu. The parysshe preest forgetteth a1400 Firumbras 15.407: And made hem to fle that ever he was clarke, 1546 D 48.224-5: For on eche half as partrych the faucoun. c l 5 0 0 the paryshe priest forgetteth That ever he hath Melusine 175.4-5: His enemyes fled byfore hym bene holy water clarke, 1555 E 153.48: The as the partrych doth byfore the sperehauke. paryshe priest forgeth, he was paryshe clarke: P42 Judge not before the Parties are heard And the person forgeth, he was parishe pryste. (varied) Apperson 512; Oxford 487; Tilley P56. 1450 Diets 134.9-10: Juge not without that the P32 As trim as a Parrot parties be herde. al471 Ashby Policy 36.758-64: 1533 Heywood Weather C4''[23]: Then wolde Whan any man maketh suggestion Ayenst anwe get (jet) the stretes trym as a parate. other for any grevance, Heerithe hym wele and make sad question How his tale may be P33 Speak Parrot had in assurance. But yeveth therto no trusty cl522 Skelton Speke, Parrot II 1-25. 1534 Heyaffiance. Until tyme that ye have herde the wood Love El''[24]: Speke parot, I pray ye. tother. Thaugh it seme sothe it may be founde Tilley P60. other. 1481 Caxtonfleynar£Í57[ll]: Audi alteram partem. Here that other partye. al500 Beves P34 As tender as a Parson's leman 1546 Heywood D 38.99: It is as tender as a 31 M 5 4 3 ^ : It fallid to geve no jugment, But bothe partyes were present. 1546 Heywood D parsons lemman, 1555 E 189.238. Apperson 622; 57.11: A man should here all partes, er he Oxford 647; Tilley P68. judge any, 1555 E 176.172: Here all parts, ere P35 The big Part of her body is her bum ye judge any, Oxford 286; Smith 161; Tilley 1546 Heywood D 36.36: And the bygge parte M299, P87; Walther 1 194.1708a. See B268, of hir bodie is hir bumme. Tilley P73. J77, M412, T32. P36 He that has lost Part oft by wrath loses P43 The Pass of Alton all 01378 Piers В xiv 300-2: The sexte is a path of 1509 Barclay Ship I 184[14]: For he that part pees, ye, thorw the pas of Altoun Poverte hath lost: by wrath oft lesyth all. myghte passe with-oute peril of robbynge. For P37 To eat one's Part on Good Friday and fast there that poverte passeth pees folweth after. never the worse Oxford 488. See M266. 1546 Heywood D 46.163-4: He maie his parte on good fridaie eate, And fast never the wurs, P44 Pass4)ver is an ease c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2115: Passe over is an for ought he shall geate. Apperson 258; Oxford ese, I sey namoore. a 1400 Proverbis of Wysdom 166; Tilley P75. 246.101: Passe over is an ese. al422 Lydgate P38 To take one's Part as it comes Life 376.931, al449 Fabula in MP II 502.490. cl400 Beryn 37.1152: Take yeur part as it Apperson 608: Sufferance; Oxford 629. See comyth, of roughe and eke of smoth. See R220. S859. P39 Praise at the Parting P45 Too late to revoke what is Past (varied) al450 Gesta 39[20]: Preyse at the parting. c l 4 5 0 Epistle of Othea 81.7: Who revoketh al460 Towneley Plays 108.267: Now prays at that is past, to late calleth he. c l 4 5 0 Idley the partyng, 385.584: No, bot prase at the 130.1342: Ffor it is harde to calle ayen thyng partyng, Ffor now mon ye fynde it. cl475 that is paste. 1513 More Richard 39 F[3-4]: Rauf 85.86. cl497 Medwall Eulgem A4133]; Thynges passed cannot be gaine called. 1523 And prayse at the parting evyn as ye fynde. Berners Froissart III 217[30-1]: That is past 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 100.22-3: He shall can nat be recovered. 1529 More Supplicacion have no cause to prayse to his frendes at the 337 D[15-6]: That is passed and can not bee partynge. Apperson 509; Oxford 515; Tilley called agayn. 1546 Heywood D 37.82: But P83; Whiting Ballad 24. See B210, E81, 85, thinges past my hands, 1 can not call agein. 158, H363, L254, P348, S715, T125. Oxford 488; Tilley T203. See D287, T198. P40 As piping {?wet and glossy) as a Partridge's P46 A little Pasture suffices a great bull eye 1474 Caxton Chesse 130[30-2]: Ye see comunly c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 74.2127: Pypand lyke that a grete bole is sufflsid wyth right a lityll ane Pertrik Ее. pasture, And that a wood suffiseth to many olefauntes. P41 To flee as Partridge the falcon (sparhawk)

Patching

448

P47 It is evil Patching of that (which) is torn cl516 Skelton Magnificence 15.447: It is evyll patchynge of that is tome.

P47 in the wiche I pray you for my sake to sette too herbis, the wiche ben, Paciens, Tyme: And that theis to herbis be put in the potage that ye ete, so ye may ete them dayly. al500 Lay of Sorrow 717.51-2: And forthir. In my garding quhare I sewe All peiciens, now fynd I nocht bot rewe. 1549 Heywood D 53.411: Let pacience growe in your gardein alwaie. Apperson 485; Oxford 489; Tilley Ρ116, R198.

P48 As sooth (true) as (the) Paternoster 1340 Ayenbite 71[24-5]: And that is zoth ase paternoster, 77[22-3], 90[9]. cl400 Vices and Virtues 69.17-8: And this is as soth as the pater noster, 76.1-2, 88.22. cl450 Alphabet II 505.18-9; Als trew as the pater noster. 1484 Caxton Royal Book G2''[15]: Trewe as the pater P54 Patience is a noble point, though it disnoster, G5~'[7], Н4''[7]. See B281, C541, G399. please oft cl380 Patience 13.1: Pacience is a poynt, thagh P49 He may be in my Paternoster, but he shall hit displese ofte, 32.531: That pacience is a never come in my creed nobel poynt, thagh hit displese ofte. 1546 Heywood D 96.195-6: He maie be in my Pater noster in deede. But be sure, he shall P55 Patience is a plaster (varied) never come in my Creede, 1555 E 165.118. al387 Piers С xx 89: And yut be plastred with Apperson 485; Oxford 489; Tilley P96. pacience. al393 Gower CA II 242.613-5: If thou miht gete pacience. Which is the leche of alle P50 A Paternoster while (varied) offence. As teilen ous these olde wise. al500 cl300 G«!/1 314 A 5826-7: In lasse while he Att my begynning in Rawlinson MS. С 813 hadde (him) y-slawe, Then men schold sigge a 323.31-2: Yff thou have troble or vexation. pater-noster. al376 Piers A ν 192: He pissede Take paciens to be thy phisition. al500 MS. a potei in a pater-noster-while. cl425 Arderne Marginalia in Hoccleve I 224 n.®: A sufRcyent Fistula 91.23-5: And late it stände stille without salve for eache disease. The cheff revenge for movyng by the space of a "pater noster" and cruell yre, Ys patyence, the present ease For "ave maria." 1448 Paston II 89[20]: And all to delaye eche flamy fyre. Apperson 485; thys was don, as men sey, in a Pater Noster Oxford 489; Tilley Ρ107. wyle. cl450 Sehe that Y love in Medium Жтт 30(1961) 170[4]: Sehe myght not be out of my P56 Patience is a virtue thought a paternoster while. 1465 Leversege al396(1494) Hilton Scale P8115]: Yet this man 27[12-3]: Within the seying of a paternoster. hath the vertuw of pacyence. al400 Cato (Co1481 Caxton Reynard 85[10]: Er one myght penhagen) A4'[23-4]: For pacience of grete saye his pater noster. cl493 Saint Katherin of vertu is Amonge alle thewis that been of pris. Senis 376.26: Made hyr rede in that book, as al425 Contemplations in Yorkshire Writers II long tyme as a pater noster may be. 1528 100[5]: The vertue of pacyence. cl450 Cato More Heresyes 128 D[13-4]: In a Pater noster (Sidney) 18.207-8: Pacience gretumli vertew while, 132 C[14-5]. 1534 Heywood Love is Among alle thewis, that ben of pris. cl450 СЗ'рв]: Then to say nay one Pater noster Speculum Christiani (2) 200.14-5: Gregorius: whyle. Apperson 485; Tilley P99; Whiting I trowe the vertu of pacyence be more than Scots II 108. See C540. sygnes or myracles. 1483 Caxton Cato El''[23-4]: Pacyence is the grettest vertue of alle vertues. P51 All right Paths go one way Apperson 485-6; O φ r d 489; Smith 4; Taylor 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 12[24]: All and Whiting 276-7; Tilley P109; Whiting Scots reyght pathys goon to wardes oon weye. II 108. See S861. P52 More than one Path leads to Rome (varied) P57 Patience is Pabove all things cl385 Chaucer TC ii 36-7: For every wight cl450 Rules for Conduct in Smith Commonwhich that to Rome went Halt nat о path, or place Book 14[16]: For a-bethe all thyng ys alwey о шапеге, 1391 Astr. Prol. 39-40: Right nownyd pasyens. as diverse pathes leden diverse folk the righte way to Rome. Apperson 537; Oxford 545. See P58 Patience is most of might (varied) c900 Old English Cato 4.22: GeÔyld byö mihtene W112. msest. cl025 Durham Proverbs 10.1: GeJjyld P53 Let Patience (dock) (and thyme) grow in byö middes ea(des). Portio beatitudinis. 1450 your garden (varied) Diets 266.22: Pacience is a castelle inprenable. 1480 Stonar Letters II 99[2-6]: On thyng at is 1477 Rivers Dictes 53[l-2]: Pacience is a tolde me, that ye do make a fayre newe Garden; stronge castell.

PÓ9

449

Peace

P59 Patience makes a man peaceable cl380 Chaucer PF 571-2: Yit were it bet for 1490 Irlande Meroure 56.26-7: For it that makis the Han holde thy pes than shewed thy nycete. maist a man peciabile is paciens, for a werray P66 He that cannot hold his Peace is free to pacient man sustenis all thingis. flite (scold) P60 Patience perforce 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 107.20: Quha kan not 1504 W. Cornish Tretyse in Archw 120(1908) hald thar peice ar fre to flyte. See W258. 424.91: Pacyence perforce, content yew with P67 Peace is better than war (varied) wronge, 425.133. Apperson 486; Οφτά 489; cl440 Lydgate Debate in MP II 556.399: Alwey Tilley P i l l ; Whiting Drama 190, Scots II 108. consideryng that pees is bet than werre. cl450 P61 Patience vanquishes (overcomes, conquers) Merlin II 640[35-6]: Full good is it to have (varied) pees after the werre. al470 Malory III 1128.16-7: cl378 Piers В xiv 52: For—pacientes vincunt. And bettir ys pees than evermore warre, 1212. cl385 Usk 89.58-9: Pacience in his seule over- 25-6: For better ys pees than allwayes warre. cometh and is nat overcomen. al393 Gower CA al475 Seege of Troye 201 H 1574^ь. д^а, sir, II 242.616-9: For whan noght elles mai suffise better is in pees and rest to wende, Thanne Be strengthe ne be mannes wit. Than pacience leve in werre with-outyn end. 1556 Heywood it oversit And overcomth it ate laste. cl395 Spider 346[24-5]: The worst peace: (as wise Chaucer CT V[F] 773-5: Pacience is an heigh wightes sey:) Is better then is the best war. vertu, certeyn. For it venquysseth, as thise Tilley P153, 154. See S69, W37. Clerkes seyn, Thynges that rigour sholde nevere atteyne. al425 Chauliac 26.33-4: For pacience P68 Peace makes plenty (varied) overcometh malice, as it is seide in a-nother cl378 Piers В xiv 302: For there that poverte scripture. al439 Lydgate Fall I 38.1366-8: She passeth pees folweth after. al425 Trinity Coll. (Patience) may be troublid, but overcome nevere; MS.602 in M. R. James Catalogue (Cambridge, But for a tyme she may suffer werre, But atte 1901) II 95: Pees maketh piente. Piente makith ende she venquisshith evere. 1450 Diets 80.10-1: pride. Pride makith plee, Plee makith povert, Pacience and good bileeve in God makith a man Povert makith pees. 1436 Libelle 55.1091: And to conquere. 1474 Caxton Chesse 144[19]: power (var. poverte) causeth pease finali verily, Pacience is a ryght noble maner to vaynquysshe, с1440 Lydgate Debate in MP II 558.456-65: 1483 Cato E2''[6]: Pacyence vaynquyssheth alle. Gyn first at pees which causith most richesse. 1506 Hawes Pastime 176.4702-3: For evermore And riches is the originali of pride. Pride the spyryte of pacyence Doth overcome the causith, for lak of rihtwissnesse, Werre between angry vyolence. Apperson 485; Oxford 490; rewmys, look, on every side, Hertis contrayre Skeat 197; Walther III 730.20833f; Whiting in pees can nat a-bide: Thus, fynally (whoo can considre and see,) Werre is cheff ground and Drama 190, Scots II 108. See S865, T213. cause of poverte. Povert bi werr brouht to disencrece. For lak of tresour than he can no P62 As idle as Paul's knights al387 Higden-Trevisa I 349[19-20]: And woned more, Sauff only this he crieth aftir pees. Apby the see sides by assent of Irische men that person 487-8; Brotanek 16-33; Brown-Robbins were alwey idei as Poules knyghtes (Latin: De 2742; Oxford 492; Tilley Ρ139. Cf. Whiting consensu Hiberniensium otio deditorum mari- Drama 133. See P394, T136, W42. tima loca occupantes, etc.). P69 Such Peace that one could walk the land P63 To wear Paul's steeple for a Turkey hat unmolested (varied) 1556 Heywood Spider 78[22-5]: For woulde I a900 Bede 144.21-4: Is {jset s»gd, Ôœt in Sa never so willingly will. To weare powles steeple tid swa micel sib waere in Breotone aeghwyder for a turkey hat. Yet sins I might in deede, ymb, swa Eadwines rice waere, jDeah |эе a wiif eate a hors mill. As soone as have powre, so wolde mid hire nicendum cilde, heo meahte to pranke with that. gegan buton selcere sceSenisse from sae to sae ofer eall J^is ealond. 1087 Peterborough Chronicle P64 Good Payment is sometimes good confession I 220[12-5]: Betwyx o6rum Jjingum nis na to 1474 Caxton Chesse 116[12-3]: For good payeforgytane {iaet gode frió ¡De he (William I) ment is sometyme good confession. Cf. Chaucer macode on [lisan lande, swa Jiaet an man Jie CT I[A] 225-32. him sylf aht waere, mihte faran ofer his rice mid P65 Better hold one's Peace than show one's his bosum full goldes ungederad, 1135 I 263[10-2]: Pais he (Henry I) makede men and nicety (folly)

Peace

450

daer. Wua sua bare his byrthen gold and sylvre, durste nan man sei to him naht bute god. al200 Lawman I 106.2512-3: Aich mon mihte faren yend hire lond, Thaih he bere raed gold, II 351-2.18486-9: He {Other) sette grith, he sette frith, That aelc mon mihte faren with From londe to londe Theh he bere gold an ho(n)de, 485.21637-42: He {Cador) sette grit swithe god, That ther after longe stod, Theh aelc mon beere an honde Behghes (B: beghes) of golde, Ne durste navere gume nan Otheme ufele igreten. cI300 G«t/i 10.137-42: Thei a man bar an hundred pounde. Opon him, of gold y-grounde, The(r) nas man in al this londe That durst him do shame no schonde. That bireft him worth of a slo. So gode pais ther was tho. c l 3 0 0 Havelok 2-3.45-50: In that time a man that bore (Wei fifty pund, y wot, or more,) Of rede gold up-on his bac, In a male hwit or blac, Ne funde he non that him misseyde, N(e) hond on (him) with ivele leyde. c l 3 0 0 Robert of Gloucester II 554.7693-7: Thorn out al engelond he {William I) huid wel god pes Vor me mighte bere bi is daye and lede hardeliche Tresour aboute and other god over al aperteliche In wodes and in other studes so that no time nas Thet pes bet isusteined than bi his time was. c l 4 0 0 Mandeville Travels 131.4-7: This kyng {the Cane of Cathay) is so rightfull and of equytee in his doomes that men may go sykerlych thorghout all his contree and bere with him what him list, that noman schall ben hardy to robben him. aI415 Mirk Festial 39.2-6: But yn a schort tyme, Thomas (ò Becket) . . . made suche rest and pees throgh all the lond, that a man myght goo wher he wold unrobbet, wyth his good yn hys hond. aI475 Guy^ 4.103-6: He made pees, as he wolde: Yf a man were chargyd wyth golde. He schulde fynde no robber hym to reeve. That wolde take oght agenste hys leeve. aI500 Guy* 14.117-22: All Englande, both towne and towre. That tyme he kept with such honour: For, had a man that eche stounde On him bome an hundered pounde, He should not have found no robbour To have robbed him of that treasour. Cf. С. W. Ceram (Kurt Marek) Gods, Graves and Scholars (New York, 1951) 271 (of Assurbanipal [668-626 B.C.] of Nineveh).

P70 al500 Medwall Nature Hl''[21-2]: Here cometh Pryde, As crank as a pecok. Tilley P157.

P72 As fresh as Peacock feather al513 Dunbar Of the Changes of Lyfe 141.7-8: The seasoun, soft and fair. Com in als fresche as pako fedder. P73 As orgulous {proud) as a Peacock 1480 Caxton Ovyde 131[10-1]: More orguyllous than a pecock whan he is preysed for hys fair taylle. P74 The Peacock has fair feathers and foul feet {varied) al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa B712.11-5]: And he {the peacock) wondryth of the faymes of his fethers . . . And thenne he lokyth to his fete and seeth the fowlenesse of his fete. al450 Three Middle English Sermons 63.432-6: We se wel, that the pekok whan a loketh abowte on his fair Vethems, his undirliche prowd and miche joie makis of hem, but whan a lokez doun and seith the vowlne(s) of feet, than a take gret sorw to him and wext hegeliche a-schamed of him-silf. 1471 Caxton RecuyeU I 19.2-5: He was lyke unto the pecok that is proud of the fayr fethers diversly fair colourd wiche he spreded roound as a whele, and wyth all only loke of hys feet he leseth all his joye. 1532 More Confutación 359 A[6-10]: Be not so ledde . . . with the beholdinge of a peacockes tayle but that ye regarde therwith hys fowle feete also. Apperson 488; Oxford 492; Tilley P158. See F478. P75 To shine like the Peacock al513 Dunbar Merle 134.14: fedderis as the pacok schone.

Quhois angeli

P76 To stalk like a Peacock aI393 Cower CA III 126.6498: He stalketh as a Pocok doth. P77 As round as a Pear al400 Destruction of Troy 100.3080: With two propur pappes, as a peire rounde. P78 Not appair {impair) a Pear c l 4 0 5 Mum 3.73: It shulde not apeire hem a peere.

P79 Not (a)vail a Pear al400 Rowlande 80.815: His armours ne vaylede P70 Where Peace reigns no wight wot what noghte a pere. c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve Regement 5.103: war is That hys eres avayle hym nat a pere. 1504 c l 3 7 8 Piers В xviii 226: Wote no wighte what Hawes Exempte Dd4^'[7]: Nor fortune without werre is there that pees regneth. me avayleth not hym a pere. P71

As crank {proud) as a Peacock

P80

Not charge a Pear

P9I

451

al400 Susan 276.246-7: And Sythen to deth me be diht, I charge hit not a pere. P81 Not count a Pear c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun III 60.773: Na I compt nocht na hurt a peire. c l 4 4 0 Dégrevant 110.1712: W e cownt tham noght at a pere, с1450 Capgrave Katharine 133.907: And ye no man counte the valu of a pere. Whiting Scots II 109. P82 Not dere (harm) a Pear c l 4 0 0 Florence 23.656-7: So tyte of lyvys were they done That all deryd not a pere. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy 157.1926-8: For thei may not a-geyns us dure . . . Nought the value of a pere. P83 Not prize a Pear c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun III 61.769: Na I prysse na payne a pere. P84 Not the worse by a Pear c l 4 4 0 Dégrevant 24.363-4: Ffande he never ane slayne. Ne the worse by a pere. P85 Not worth a Pear al300 Alisaunder 324 M 385: He ne hyld hit worth apere. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 28.769: For every gadlyng nat vrarth a pere. al352 Minot 1.16: And al thaire pomp noght worth a pere. c l 3 8 0 Ferumbras 177.5721-2: Of thyne ne schalt thow lese noght The worthy of a pere. c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve Regement 84.2317. c l 4 5 0 Idley 120.762. al470 Malory II 934.11-2. al475 Assembly of Gods 18.596-7. Apperson 457-8; Tilley P161; Whiting Scots II 109. P86 Pears without wine are venom al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa S5''[1.8-10]: For as one sayth: Wythout wyne perys ben venym. Apperson 488; Tilley P159. See A160, F69L P87 As precious as Pearl al349 Rolle Meditatio 43.10-1: Make me . . . precious as perle. P88 As white as Pearl 1560 Heywood E 209.23.2: Thy here whyte as perle.

Pearl ge nawiht gimstones leggen swinen to mete. 1340 Ayenbite 152[35-6]: Huerof zayth ous god Ine his spelle. Thet we ne thrauwe oure preciouse stones to-vore the zuyn. al376 Piers A xi 9-12: And seide, гюИ mittere margeriperles Among hogges that han hawes at heore wille; Thei don bot dravele theron, drof weore hem levere Then al the presciouse peerles that in paradys waxen. c l 3 9 5 WBible Isaiah Prol. I l l 224[14-5]: Lest hoeli [thingis) to dogges, and margarites to swyn thei yeeve, Matthew vii 6: Nethir caste ye youre margaritis bifore swyne. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 330[5-7]: And herfore biddith Crist in Matheu, that his disciplis gyve not holy thingis to houndis, ne scatere margarites amongis hogges. c l 4 0 0 Speculum de Antichristo in Wyclif EW 110[10-1]: And putten precious perlis to hoggis. c l 4 0 0 Vices and ViHues 151.33-5: Wher-for God seith to us in the gospel that we caste not oure riche and precious stones to-fore the swyn. 1402 Daw Tapias 110[8-9]: And the presciouse perlis Ye strowun to hogges. a 1410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 479.253-6: Men shuld nat put a precious margarite As rubies, saphires or othir stonys ynde, Emeroudes, nor othir perlis whihte To fore rude svvyn, that love draff of kynde. cl445 Pecock Donet 160.5-6: Neithir caste ye youre margaritis bifore swyn. c l 4 5 0 Epistle of Othea 143.21-2: Perles among pesen is foly to strowe Before swyn and other bestes unresonable. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 8.145-7: His hart wammillis wyse argument to heir. As dois ane Sow, to quhome men for the nanis. In hir draf troich wald saw precious stanis. 1484 Caxton Royal Book M7^[29-30]: Herof sayth God in the gospel, that we shold not caste the precyous stones tofore hogges. 1506 Hawes PasHme 41.925-6: But what avayleth evermore to sowe The precyous stones amonge gruntynge hogges. 1509 Barclay Ship II 257[19-20]: Cast precious stones or golde amonges swyne. And they had lever have dreggis, fylth or chaffe. 1546 Heywood D 93.101: But you to cast precious stones before hogs, 1555 E 159.86: Folly to cast. Apperson 488; Oxford 493; Taylor and Whiting 278; Tilley P165; Whiting Drama 357:760, Scots II 109.

P89 Cast not Pearls before swine (varied) clOOO WSC Matthew vii 6: Ne ge ne wurpen eowre meregrotu toforan eowrum swynon. c l 2 0 0 Orm I 256.7402-7: Heroffe seggth the P90 Not worth a Pearl Goddspellboc Thatt Crist himm sellf thuss al400 Alexander С 233.4330: Ne nevire toseggde; Ne birrth the nohht nan halig thing plight worth a perle to-ponyscht be-fore. Biforenn hundes werrpenn, Ne nohht ne birrth the to the swin Werrpenn marrgrotestaness. P91 A Pearl by the white pease is more of al225 Lambeth Homilies 135[8-10]: Nolite price spargere Margaritas ante porcos . . . Ne sculen c l 3 9 0 Sir Gawain 73.2364-5: As perle bi the

Pearls

452

quite pese is of prys more. So is Gawayn . . . bi other gay knyghtes. P92 White Pearls are oft found in black shells al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP I I 567.26-7: Perlys whyte, clere and orientall Ben oft founde in muscle shellys blake. See H3. P93 Not give two Peascods al475 Assembly of Gods 15.493-4: Yef hit shuld I wold nat yeve I I pesecoddys. P94 As full as Pease cI475 Henryson Fables 101.2946 (var.): full as pease (vars. fitche, fysche).

Now

P95 The greatness of a Pease aI500 Eger H 239.947-8: Betwixt her een and eke her niese, There is the greatness of a piese. P96 Not care a Pease 1506 Barclay Castell cared not a pease.

A5''[17]: I trowe she

P97 (Not) count at a Pease al376 Piers A vii 155: And countede Pers at a peose. 1445 Claudian Stilicho 255.12: Othir rest is veyne, not cowntid at oo pease. Whiting Scots I I 109.

P92 thi riche sekunder. cl325 Body and Soul in Böddeker 243.241-2: Al this worldes blisse Nis nout worth a peose. 1374 Brinton Sermons I 156[I0]: Al this werdlis blisse is nought worth a pese, I I 337[26-7]. cI390 Who Says the Sooth in Brown Lyrics XIV 152.3: His purpos I counte not worth a pese. al400 Cambridge Univ. Lib. MS. Ii.iii.8 in Owst Literature 43[22]: Alle the worldis blisse ys nouth worthe a pese. cl400 Femina 79[22]. cl400 Laud Troy I 170.5769: His viser vayled not worth a pese. cI400 Plouman's Tale 184.1163. cI450 Greene Carols 405.5: Thou art not worght half a pese. cl454 Pecock Folewer 115.13. 1556 Heywood Spider 10Ц25]: No dyffrence in othe, the woorth of a pease. Apperson 457:26; Tilley PI35.

PI02 The smaller Peasen the more to the pot, etc. cI450 Douce MS.52 53.99: The smaller pesun, the more to pott; The fayrer woman, the more gylott. cI450 Rylands MS.394 103.24-5. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.7b: The smellere pesyn the mo to the pot. The fayrere womman the more gygelot or strumpet. aI500 Sloane MS.1210 in Rei. Ant. II 40: Tho smallere pese tho mo to the pott; The fayrere woman tho more gyglott. Quo graciles pisae plures offendimus ollae; Quo mage formosa muher mage luxuriosa. Apperson 487; Oxford 493; Tilley PI37.

P98 Not give a Pease al300 Proprietates Mortis in Brown Lyrics XIII 130.22: Off al this world ne gyffe ihic a pese. cI380 Ferumbras I8I.5847-8: Y nolde gyve a P I 0 3 W h o has many Pease may put the more pyse. For cryst. aI400 Death in Rei. Ant I in the pot 65[I2-3]: And of al this wordles b(l)isse Ne 1546 Heywood D 26.15: W h o hath many pease wold y geve a pese i-wis. maie put the mo in the pot. Apperson 487; Oxford 493; Tilley Ρ138. P99 Not set a Pease al387 Piers С χ 345: I sette by pardon nat a P104 As much pity as a Pedlar has of cats peese. cl440 Charles of Orleans 119.3556: By cl378 Piers В ν 258-9: I have as moche pite my liif у sette not here a pese. Apperson 457:26. of pore men as pediere hath of cattes. That wolde kille hem, yf he cacche hem myghte, for PICO Not the charge (weight) of a Pease (etc.) coveitise of here skynnes. Skeat 108. (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al400 Alexander С 13.403: Thare sail na chanche P105 The wretch (poor) Pedlar makes more noise to yeie (call) his soap than a rich mercer the chefe the charge of a pese, 136.2370: Loke all his dearworth ware quare it profet tham a peese all thaire proud al200 Ancrene 36.25-7: The wrecche poure strenth. aI400 Child 3I9.37I-2: Helpeth me peoddere mare nurth he maketh to yeien is not to the uttermost day The valure of a pese. sape, then the riche mercer al his deorewurthe 1402 Daw Tapias 46[23-4]: Thi lewid prophecie ware, 79.27-8: A Sapere the ne bereth bute I preise not at a peese. cI450 G. R. Owst " A sape and neiden yeiyeth hehe thet he bereth. 15th Century Manuscript in St. Albans Abbey," A riche mercer geath forth al stille, al400 St. Albans and Hertfordshire Architectural and (Recluse) 69.25-7. Archaeological Society: Transactions (1924) 57[22]: Thei chargen not a pese, but laughen, P106 Even Peer has no power into (over) his and japen. even peer PIOl Not worth a (half a) Pease с145в Pecock Faith 247[9-12]: But so it is that al300 Alisaunder 311.5949: A pese nys worth even peer hath not power into his even peer.

P123

453

Penny

aftir the comoun wel allowid proverbe, neither P i l e No Penny no paternoster the lasse worthi hath power over his vvOrthier, 1546 Heywood D 96.199: No peny no Pater cf. 279-80. noster. Apperson 450; O φ r d 458; Tilley P199. Ρ107 Play (Jape, Bourd) with your Peers Ρ117 No Penny no ware, no cattle no care al300 Richard 97.357: With thy peres go and al400 Conville and Caius College Cambridge playe, 107.575: And pleye with hem that is MS.261 f.234r in M. R. James Catalogue (Camthy pere. c l 4 5 0 Foly of Fulys 58.223-4: Thai bridge, 1907) I 317: Non peni, non ware; non hald evir faloschip with thar feris And plays catel, non care, Go, peni go. thaim nocht bot with thar peris. c l 4 5 0 Idley P118 Not give a Penny (etc.) (A number of 82.85: If thow shalt borde. Jape with thy peere. single quotations are brought together here) alSOO Poem on . . . Masonry in James O. Halliwell Early History of Freemasonry in 1400 R. W. Chambers and M. Daunt Book of English, 1384-1425 (Oxford, 1931) England (London, 1840) 38.769: Play thou not London 282[17-8]: Kyng herry yaf nowt of hem alle a but with thy peres. al500 Sone, y schal thee peny. c l 4 0 0 Alexander Buik I 62.1945: He prysschewe in Fumivall Babees Book 34.13: And sit him nocht worth ane penny. III 308.6937: whanne thou schalt boorde, bourde with thi Thay pryse yow nocht with ane penny. 1480 peere. Oxford 506; Tilley Ρ180; Whiting Scots Caxton Ovyde 47[33-4]: I preyse not only the II 109. worth of a peny havour, 1485 Charles 104.23-4: I shall not double ony paynym the valewe of a P108 As pale as a Pellet al376 Piers A ν 61: As pale as a pelet. Svar- peny. al533 Berners Arthur 256[33-4]: I wyll not have therof the mountenaunce of a peny, tengren 235. Huon 411.16-7: (They) coude not hurte it of P109 As swift as Pellet out of gun the value of a peny. c l 3 8 0 Chaucer HF 1643-4: As swifte as pelet out of gonne. Whan fyr is in the poudre ronne. Ρ119 Not to win one the Penny Svartengren 376. c l 3 8 2 Wyclif De PonHfwum in SEW III 254[12]:

But wel I woot that this bileve wynneth noght PllO As proud as Penniless us the peny. al460 Towneley Plays 374.236: As prowde as pennyles, his slefe has no poket. See M267. P120 Of two false Pennies the better may not be chosen P i l l As like as any Penny is to another c l 4 5 0 Alphabet I 200.7-8: Of ii fais penys the al300 Alisaunder 417.7686-7: It is thee als liehe, my leve brother, Als any репу is another. bettur may nott be chosyn. Cf. Tilley C358.

al300 Arthour and M} 183.6505-6: This Gue- Ρ121 Pennies make men free nour was the other so liehe. So pani is other, al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 246[18]: Ther sikerliche. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 277: pea. held thei long sojour, bot penies mad tham fre. (Perhaps quite literal.) O ^ r d 429-30; Whiting Ρ112 As round as a Penny Scots II 109. al450 Agnus 130.16: Rounde as a peny.

P113 Blessed be the Penny that brings home Ρ122 A Penny for your thought 1522 More Treatyce 76 D[10-5]: It often happeth, (saves) two that the very face sheweth the mind walking a c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.52 45.13: Blessyd be the peny, pilgrimage, in such wise that not withoute som that bryngyth too home. cl450 Rylands MS.394 note and reproch of suche vagaraunte mind, 96.6\12. alSOO Henley (Englished) 53[5-6]: other folk sodainly say to them: a peny for For the Wiseman seith, blessed be the i d. that your thought. 1546 Heywood D 66.28: A peny savithe twayne (for the French see 24[29-30]). for your thought. Apperson 489; Oxford 495; See Ρ123, 125. Taylor and Whiting 279; Tilley P203. P I 14 He has laid down one Penny by mine P123 The Penny is of rich mound (value) that 1546 Heywood D 50.318: He hath laied downe saves the pound (varied) one peny by myne. Tilley P197. al300 Alisaunder 169.3023-4: The peny is of P115 He has not one Penny to bless him riche mounde that ysaveth the hole pounde. 1546 Heywood D 90.62: He had not now one c l 4 0 0 Beryn 69.2243-4: Ffor there is a comyn peny to blisse him. Apperson 123: cross; Ox- byword, yf ye it herd havith; "Wele settith he ford 119-20; Tilley C836. See P450. his peny, that the pound (therby) savith." Ap-

Penny

454

PI 24

person 490-1; Jente 682. Cf. Oxford 495: groat; P134 The People are untrue (varied) cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 995-1001: О stormy Tilley P210. See H344, P113. peple! unsad and evere untrewe! Ay undiscreet Ρ124 Penny makes right of wrong and chaungynge as a fane! Delitynge evere in с 1450 Greene Carok 392.1: Peny, of wrong he rumbul that is newe, For lyk the moone ay makyt ryght In every cuntre qwer he goo. See wexe ye and wane! Ay ful of clappyng, deere M630. ynough a jane! Youre doom is fais, youre conρ 125 A Penny spent by wise provision avails stance yvele preeveth; A ful greet fool is he that on yow leeveth. al420 Lydgate Troy III two al471 Ashby Policy 28.492-3: A peny spent bi 572.302-3: The trust of peple is feint and unwise provision Availith two in time seasonable. trewe, Ay undiscrete and ful of doubilnes, etc. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 267.180-1: Be this See Ρ113. exaumple wyse men may weel leere To truste P126 A Penny spent in season will save a pound on the puple; for thei wil faile at nede. 1459 1457 Paston III 115[18]: For a peny yn seson Defence 521[39-41]:.Who so hathe rede in the spent wille safe a pounde. olde storyes, he may be suffyciently informed P127 To think the Penny is mightier than God of the grete varyablenes of the peple and of cl340 Rolle Psalter 189 (51.7): He (that) thynkis thyncertitude of thaire oppynions. 1495 Fitzjames Sermo Dl''[25-6]: Mobile vulgus, the the peny is myghtiere than god. Inconstaunt people. Cf. Tilley P225, 226. See P128 Not appair (harm) a Penny-brede (a space C392. the breadth of a penny) cl350 Alexander A 169.1242: No myght apeire Ρ135 Such People such priest a900 Alfred Gregory 133.6: Suele Saet fole biÖ, the place of a peny-brede. Cf. note p. 233. suele biS se sacerd. cl395 WBible Hosea iv 9: P129 Penny-man is mickle in mind As the puple so the prest. cl415 Middle Engal450 Castle 156.2666: Peny-man is mekyl in lish Sermons 118.6-8: It is not now to sey mynde, 2671-4: Where-so 1 walke in londe or suche is the preest as the pepull is, but howe lede, Peny-man best may spede: He is a duke even as the werst of the peple is, so is the to don a dede Now in every place, 157.2678: preeste now-a-daies. Apperson 367; Oxford In Penyman is al his trust. Cf. Bobbins 50-5. 518; Tilley P583. See J71, K56, M408. P130 Each Pennyworth of pleasure brings more P136 Such People such usance (custom) than counterpoise of danger al475 Ashby Dicta 49.153-4: Suche as people 1556 Heywood Spider 410[27-8]: Ech peniworth bene, suche is thair usance. After thair hertes of pleasure: of such possest ware, Bringth more thei make thair uttrance. then counterpaise: of daunger and care. See P265. P137 Worse People worse laws al460 Towneley Plays 373.193-5: Sir, it is salde Ρ131 To give a Pennyworth for a penny 1475 Paston V 229[16-7]: Desyryng hym that in old sawes—The longere that day dawes— he wyll geve yow a penyworthe for a peny. "Wars pepili wars lawes."

a1500 Lady Anne Vemon in An English Letter P138 As black as Pepper Book, ed. Francis Bickley (London, 1925) 1555 Heywood E 184.212.2: Blacke like pepper. 3[8-9]: And yef ye woll geve a penyworth for a peny ye shall have xx nobles at my commyng P139 Though Pepper is black it has a good to London. smack cl450 In Praise of Brunettes in Bobbins 31.17-9: P132 If the People is poor the lord shall be Peper wyt-oute yt ys wel blac, Y-wys wyt-inne unhappy (unlucky) yt ys not so; Lat go the colur and tak the cl500 Melusine 112.19-20: For yf the peple is smac. cl450 Rylands MS.394 105.28: Thawgh pouere the lord shal be unhappy. peper be blak, it hath a good smak. cl470 HarP133 It is pain(ful) (hard) to please the People ley MS.3362 f.5a: Thaw pepyr be blac . . . Est cl400 Greene Carols 346.2: The peple to plese, peper sapidum quamvis sit corpore nigrum. ser, it is payn, Peraventure amonge twenti not al500 Additional MS.37075 278.19: Thow pepyr twayn. 1449 Metham 3.54-5: For fülle herd yt be blacke hyt hathe a gode smake. al500 Hill ys, I knowe yt veryly, To plese the pepyl. See 128.9, 130.17: Est piper nigrum, quod gratum M124. prestat odorem. 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria

P154

455

Peter

23.1-2: Though peper be blacke it hathe a good Fulys 64.435-6: Thai cast no perellis of before, smacke. Tarnen si piper nig(ri) coloris sit bene Na lufys na forsicht, com na store. Whiting sapit tarnen. 1546 Heywood D 68.66: Pepper Drama 42. is blacke And hath a good smacke And every Ρ147 Where great Perils lie there lies great man doth it bye. Apperson 584: Snow; Oxford honor 496; Tilley S593. See 144, S440. al533 Berners Huon 56.33-57.1: Where as lyeth P140 To brew Pepper grete parelles there lieth grete honour. al400 Romaunt С 6028-30: Ladies shull hem P148 They tell of Perown that know full little such pepir brewe. If that they fall into her laas, of his manner That they for woo mowe seyn "alias!" NED cl410 Lovelich Grail IV 301.885-6: Thus tellePepper 4. den they of Perown there That knewen ful lytel Of his Manere. See R156. P141 To have (take) Pepper in the nose cl378 Piers В xv 197: And to pore peple han P149 Judge not a Person by his clothes peper in the nose. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom al500 О man more 394.44-5: They be not best 245.67: Have no peper yn thy nose. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaría 84.8-9: He may not forth that goo most geye,—Juge not a person by with take peper in the nose. 1522 Skelton Why his clothes. See C312, H446. Come II 38.381: Take peper in the nose. 1546 Ρ150 A Person that cannot counsel himself is Heywood D 69.112: He taketh pepper in the not worthy to help others nose, 1555 E 184.212. Apperson 491; Oxford cl385 Usk 19-20.28-9: O, this is a worthy per496; Tilley P231. son to helpe other, that can not counsayle himselfe. Cf. Tilley P267. See G353, T50. P142 He that fears all Perils that fall shall let all fall P151 To flee as one would Pestilence 1440 Palladius 29.150-1: But bareyn lond thou 1546 Heywood D 25.33-4: All perils that fall maie, who fearth they fall shall. Shall so feare fle As pestilence. cl450 Alphabet II 495.16: all thyng, that he shall let fall all. Cf. Oxford He fled hur as he wold hafe done pestelens. Cf. Whiting Scots II 110: Pest. 219: Forecasts. See T298. P143 He that loves Peril shall fall in peril P152 Scantly worth a Pet {fart) cl515 Barclay Eclogues 165.694: Though all {varied) cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1671[В2861]: For Salo- their cunning be scantly worth a pet. See F62. mon seith, "He that loveth peril shal falle in Ρ153 Many a one speaks of Peter and John and peril." cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus iii 27: He thinks Judas in his heart that loveth perei, schal perische ther ynne. al393 Cower CA II 53-4.655-7: For now aday al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 476.183: Whoo is manyen Which spekth of Peter and of John dredith no perei, in perei he shal falle. And thenketh Judas in his herte. See T189. Ρ144 It is great Peril to abide where peril is Ρ154 To rob Peter to pay Paul {varied) al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 476.194: Wher cl382 Wyclif Seven Werkys of Mercy in SEW perei is, gret perei is tabide. III 174[4-6]: Lord, hou schulde Cod approve P145 Peril is drawn in with dretching {delay) cl385 Chaucer TC iii 852-3: For, nece myn, thus writen Clerkes wise. That peril is with drecchyng in ydrawe. Skeat 179; Whiting Drama 53. See D157, T44. P146 To cast (foresee) Peril 1402 Hoccleve Letter of Cupid 81.215: They seyn, perylle to cast, ys avauntage. al420 Lydgate Troy I 120.3643-4: Who cast no pereil til that it be-falle, In-stede of sugre ofte tasteth galle. al450 Consail and Teiching 75.335-8: Forse a perell ore It cum For sudane cass is ay vylsum. And lichtlear hurtis that is fore-sen Na wnprowysytly cumyne had ben. cl450 Foly of

that thou robbe Petur, and gif this robbere to Poule in the name of Crist? с1450 Jacob's Well 138.19-20: To robbe Petyr, and yeve it Poule, it were non almesse but gret synne, 175.32-176.1: They robbyn seynt Petyr, and yevyn it seynt poule, 305.15-7: Thei robbyn seynt petyr and yevyn it seynt Poule, that is to seyne, thei getyn falsely here good of holy cherch. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 47.1266: They robbe saint Peter therewith to cloth S. Powle. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 267[16]: Hit is no lyberalite to robbe Peter and enryche Paule. 1546 Heywood D 42.38: To rob Peter and paie Poule, 1555 E 150.19. Apperson 534; Oxford 545; Taylor and Whiting 281; Tilley P244.

Pheasant

456

P155 As fresh as a Pheasant al450 Spalding Katherine 158 xiv 7: And fresch as (a) fesaunt to hire fere than sehe flytt.

P155

in general, Ryght so in beute Cleopes yche erthly creature Precellyd in fayrenes. 1506 Hawes Pastime 184.4909-10: As Phebus doth hye excell In bryghtnes truely the fayre sterres all. Whiting Scots II 110. See S889.

P156 He that is still may be held a Philosopher cl425 Arderne Fistula 6.38-Θ: Yif thou had bene stille thou had bene holden a philosophre. P162 Phoebus is most clear after clouds (varied) al439 Lydgate Fall I 188.6677-8: Like as whan See F441. cloudis ther blaknesse doun declyne, Phebus P157 Farewell Phip! (a sparrow's name) mor deer doth with his bemys shyne. III 1002. cl378 Piers В xi 41: "Yee, farewel, Phippe!" 2949-50: As whan that it doth reyne, Phebus quod Fauntelte. aftir sheweth mor cleemesse, 1439 Si. Albon 160.1918-9: By ensample: as passed is the P158 As bright as Phoebus al422 Lydgate Ufe 355.626-7: The wheche daungere Of stormy weders, Phebus is most brighter shon Than phebus dothe, in his large clere. spere, al439 Fall III 820.1611: Briht as Phebus, wher thei dide appeere, al449 Virtues in MP I P163 To be like Phoebus (in his sphere) 94.158: Bryght as Phebus in hys mydday spere. al420 Lydgate Troy I 280.4741: Hir sonnysche al449 PLydgate Pageant of Knowledge in MP her, liehe Phebus in his spere, 1432 Henry VI's II 735.22. 1449 Metham 15.394. 1474 Welcome Triumphal Entry in MP II 634.109: Theyre heer to Prince Edward in Bobbins 117.23. cl485 dysplayed as Phebus in here spere, cl433 Si. Slaughter (Digby) 20.492. 1504 Hawes Example Edmund 430.964: His sterryssh eyen lik Phebus Gg2''[7]. 1506 Barclay Castell Bl''[7-8]: Her off fresshnesse, al439 Fall I 295.3390: Hir her beaute full face shone as bryght As phebus doth ontressid, lik Phebus in his speer.

in a may momynge. 1511 Hawes Comforte P164 To glitter like Phoebus ВГ[13]. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 120. 1513 Bradshaw Si. Werburge 61.1579: Glyterynge 3329-30, 178.1388-9: Werburge appered . . . as Phebus. See S895. Bryghter than Phebus in his meridian spere. 1515 Barclay St. George 101.2544-5: The pryson P165 To shine like Phoebus shone more bryght Than phebus beamys agaynst al422 Lydgate Life 664.382: Shynyng as bright a gyltyd tour, cl515 Eclogues 170.836: Glister- as phebus dothe in may, 1432 Henry VI's Triing as bright as Phebus orient. Whiting Scots umphal Entry in MP II 635.157: Lyke Phebus II 110. See S881. bemys shone hire goldyn tresses, a1439 Fall I 22.800: Hih as Phebus shynyth in his speer, Ρ159 As clear as Phoebus III 975.1968-9, 1020.3565. al449 Lydgate and cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 431.1027: ConBurgh Secrees 5.136-7. 1501 Douglas Palice veied by an angel, as Phebus oler off lyht. 3.15: A voice I hard preclair as Phebus schone, cl450 When the son 390.263: More clere then 55.7: Torris, quhilk like to Phebus schone. See bemes of phebus shene. cl500 О beauteous S897. braunche in Anglia 72(1954) 402.8-9: Whos colour more clere ys . . . than Phebus in hys Piee When Phoebus casts his light early, beware of rain spere. See S882. cl440 Lydgate Debate in MP II 563.572-5: A P160 As gay as Phoebus pronostik clerkis ber wittnesse: Beth war of cl502 Lyfe of Joseph 51.428: As gay as ever Phebus that erly cast his liht. Of reyn, of was phebus in his golde spere. storme, of myste or of derknesse Shal aftir folwe longe or it be nyht. Cf. Tilley S977, 978. P161 Phoebus excels the stars (varied) al420 Lydgate Troy I 386-7.8471-3: For as See M687. Phebus with his bemys clere Amonge sterris, so P167 He that lives by Physic shall starve (die) dide he appere, Excellyng all, al439 Fall III by physic 755.2983: In Phebus presence sterris lese her 1340 Ayenbite 54[5-6]: Thet the ilke thet be liht, 972.1878-80: So as Phebus passeth ech othir sterre, Riht so that kyngdam in compar- fisike leveth: be flzike sterfth. cl400 Vices and Virtues 51.6-7: And ofte it is seye, who-so isoun Passeth everi lond, 986.2350-1: Lik as Phebus passeth a litil sterre, Hiest upreised lyveth bi phisike, bi phisike dieth. in his mydday speere. 1449 Metham 6.148-50: P168 What should Physic do unless there were As Phebus in bryghtenes alle planetys excedyth. sickness?

P785

457

Pig

cl475 Court of Sapience 138.372-4: What shuld 309.5755: And yit thei ben as chargaunt as a Physyk, but yef that seltenes were? What nedeth pye. salve, but yef there were a sore? What nedeth Ρ176 Not too high for the Pie nor too low for drynke where thryst hath no powere? the crow P169 The Physician promises health when he 1546 Heywood D 84.136: Not to hye for the has no power pye, nor to lowe for the crowe, 1555 E 186.224. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 6[2-3]: The phiApperson 455; Oxford 294; Tilley P283-4. sician promysyth the seeke folke helthe whan P177 Not worth a Pie(?) he hath no power. al400 Rowlande 91.1157: Your lawes are noghte P170 Physicians hide their defaults (errors) un- worthe a pye. Notes (p. 156) give French: Ne der earth valent une alie. 1450 Diets 66.16-9: And in his tyme ther was a peyntour that bi-come a fisician; (to) whome P178 The Pie betrays her birds by her chattering 1509 Barclay Ship I 107[6-7]: As the pye Behe saide: thow knewe wele that when thou were a peyntour men sawe at (ie) clerly thi defautes, trays hir byrdes by hir chatrynge and crye, 109[22-3]: Let suche take example by the bot nowe men may not se hem, for thei hide hem under erthe. 1477 Rivers Dictes 37[18-22]: chatrynge pye. Which doth hyr nest and byrdes also betraye By hyr grete chatterynge. See He sawe a peyntour that was waxe a physicien, to whom he sayde, thou knowest that men might H343.

se at the eye the fawtes that thou didest in P179 To chatter like a (the) Pie thy crafte, but nowe they may not be perceyved, cl475 Why I Can't 144.251: For whoso chateryt for they ar hidde unther the erthe. Apperson lyke a py. al500 Medwall Nature B I ' P S ] : That 492; Oxford 498; Tilley D424. one chatreth lyke a pye. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 63.397: The fleckyd pye to chatter. 1509 P171 Maugre Picard and Breton al300 Alisaunder 309.5877-82: The kynges oost Barclay Ship I 145[10-1]: Styll grutchynge . . . lyke the chaterynge of the folysshe pye, II 4[8]: that withouten was Hadden aspyed al this cas. Sawynge theyr sede of chatrynge lyke the pye. And broughtten gynnes to the walle—Hoven, Tilley P285; Whiting Drama 323:252. shoven, and drowen alle. And, maugre Picard and Bretoun, Breken there the wal adoun. Note P180 To patter like a Pie (11 135): "This expression is evidently idiomatic al450 York Plays 357.266: He patris like a py. and perhaps proverbial; but I cannot trace it P181 To pipe hke a Pie elsewhere." al425 Chester Plays I 150.428: Up as pie he P172 As whole (healthy) as any Pickerel piped. cl400 Laud Troy II 431.14627-8: For he is hoi In flesch and fel, And as hole as any pykerel. P182 To preach (speak) like a Pie al400 Wyclif Sermons I 165[3-4]: For it is a See F223, 228, P195, T485. foul thing that prestis speken as pies, and knowun P173 As jolly as a Pie (magpie) not her owne vois more than doumbe beestis. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 209[В1399]: And forth al425 Chester Plays I 96.273: PopelardI thou she gooth as jolif as a pye, cl395 III[D] 456: preachest as a pie. Stiboum and strong, and joly as a pye. Oxford P183 A Piece of a kid is worth two of a cat 420: Merry. 1549 Heywood D 87.253: A peece of a kyd is P174 As merry as a Pie woorth two of a cat. Apperson 339; Oxford 1546 Heywood D 66.46: Mery as a pye. Apperson 499; Tilley P291. 413-4; Oxford 420; Tilley P281. P184 Not set a Pie(s)-heel P175 As pilled (bald) as a Pie (etc.) (A number cl378 Piers В vii 194: I sette yowre patentes of single quotations are brought together here) and yowre pardounz at one pies hele, al387 al349 Papelard Priest 43.16: And callen me С X 345: Ich sette by pardon nat a peese nother prust papelart, pilled as a pye. cl390 Chaucer a pye-hele. CT I[A] 3950: And she was proud, and peert as is a pye, cl395 IV[E] 1848: And ful of jargon Pig, see Hog, Sow, Swine as a flekked pye, VIII[G] 565: He was of foom P185 Go in Pig and come out pike al flekked as a pye. al420 Lydgate Troy I 1532 More Confutación 395 EF: They will (do)

Pig

458

PISÓ

as lollardes dyd of late, that put a pygge into they kepte (no) ordyr among them . . . for alle the water on good fryday, and sayd goe in pygge, were as hyghe as pygysfete. and come oute руке, and so when they had P194 As broad and flat as a Pike when It is chaunged the name, they toke it for fishe and splat (split) eate it. cl400 Laud Troy II 413.14007-8: He layde him as brod and flat As is a pike when he is splat. P186 A Pig of one's own sow cl525 PHeywood Gentlynes 95.67: That is evyn P195 As quart (healthy) as a Pike a pyg of our own sow. 1546 Heywood D 81.38: al400 Moder of gresse 171.286: And make hym A pyg of mine owne sow, 1555 E 177.178. Apqwart als рук I say, 180.640-2: Rewe wil person 493; Oxford 499; Tilley P305. distroye venyme With outen mannes body and with Inne, And als a pike it makith hyme dene. P187 To buy a Pig in a poke 1546 Heywood D 97.234: Ye love not to bye See F223, 228, P172, T485. the pyg in the poke, 1555 E 159.83. Apperson P196 In Pilate's voice 494; Oxford 72-3; Taylor and Whiting 284; cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3124: But in Pilâtes Tilley P304. See C95, 102. voys he gan to crie. 1546 Heywood D 36.54:

Burst out in pilats voice, 1556 Spider 173[21]. P188 To lie like two Pigs in a sty al529 Skelton Elynour 1102.233-4: Than swetely Oxford 500; Tilley P323. together we ly. As two pygges in a sty. P197 To doubt (fear) no more than a Pilchclout P189 To have a Pig of the worse pannier 1533 Heywood Johan B4'[36]: And then had I al300 Richard 428.6805-6: Here armure no a pyg in the woyrs panyer, 1546 D 101.44: He more i ne doute Thenne it were a pylche-cloute.

hath a pyg of the woorse panier. Apperson 493; Ρ198 As thick as Piles (spines) on an urchin Oxford 499; Tilley P301. (hedgehog) cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 179.50: P190 To wallow (tum) like two Pigs in a poke Heo (arrows) stikeden al-so thicke on him so cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4278: They walwe as yrichon deth of piles, 298.49: Ase ful ase is an doon two pigges in a poke. cl503 More Early Irchepil of piles al-a-boute. Poems [4] B[14-5]: They tume and tumble. As pygges do in a poke. Skeat 301. See D324.

Ρ199 Pilgrims may go far but some tarage (quality) of whence they come bides P191 To whine like Pigs in a poke al439 Lydgate Fall I 133.4772-4: Pilgrymes 1562 Heywood E 247.100.22: Those rattes in may gon ful ferr in ther passage. But I dar seyn, those ragges whinde lyke pigges in a poke. how ferr that ever thei go, Ther bit sum tarage P192 When the Pig is proffered open (hold up) off that that thei cam fro. See A169, T465. the poke P200 We are Pilgrims in this world (varied) cl250 Hendyng О 195.23: Wen me bedeth the al325 Lollai litel child in Brown Lyrics XIV gris, opene the shet, al325 С 188-9.36: Wan 36.25-6: Child, thou ert a pilgrim in wikidnis man yevit the a pig, opin the powch. cl450 ibor. Thou wandrest in this fais world, thou Douce MS.52 54.114: When me profereth the loke the bi-for. cl390 Hilton Mixed Life pigge, open the pogh; For when he is an olde (Vernon) in Yorkshire Writers I 281[11]: Seint swyn, thow tyte hym nowghht. cl450 Rylands Poul seith that as longe as we are in this bodi MS.394 104.17\24-5: For whan it is anolde we are pilgrimes fro ure lord. al400 Вопит Est swyn, he wol not com ther yn. alSOO Hill 128.1: 86.9-10: Ffor hit is ordeynt for pilgrimus travWhan 1 profir the pig, opin the poke. 1520 eland in this lyf. al400 PWyclif Of Weddid Men Whittinton Vulgaria 107.11-2: It is sayd in SEW III 197[29-31]: But thenk that thei comenly, whan the pygge is profered: open ben gestis and pilgrimes in the world, and han the poughen. 1546 Heywood D 22.16: Whan not here a dwellynge-place for evere. 1407 the pigge is proferd to holde up the poke. Epitaph of Thomas Palmer in Thomas F. RavenApperson 495; Jente 95; Kneuer 69-70; Oxford shaw Antiente Epitaphes (London, 1878) 5[4]: 72-3; Schleich 263; Singer 111 133-4; Tilley I ended thys worlde's pylgramage. cl410 P308; Walther I 543.4516. Mirror of Sinners in Yorkshire Writers II 438 [7-8]: Thow art but an outlawe, a gest, and a P193 As high as Pig's-feet (i.e., very low) cl475 Gregory Chronicle 190[17-9]: Save only pilgrym heer in this wrecchide lyf. al415 Lan-

P210

459

Pin

teme 85.32-86.1: Every citizen of the hevenli II 734.278-9: And thow shalt fynd this lyfe a countre is a pilgrime of this world for al tyme pylgremage. In whyche ther ys no stedfast of this present liif. el425 Orcherd 222.13, abydyng, 738.135-6. 1463 Ashby Prisoner 252.7-8. cl450 Man ys dethys in Brown Register 7.204-5: Thynke that thy lyfe here ys but pilI 470: Man is a pylgrym in is pasyng. cl475 gremage Towardes the hygh place celestiali. Henryson Fables 41.1111-2: The Meir is Men 1479 Rivers Cordyal 31.4-5: Senek seith in his of gude conditioun As Pilgrymes Walkand in boke of remedyes ayenst fortune That our lif this wildernes. 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 92-3: I is but a pilgrimage. cl485 Caxton St. Winifred departe me from this presente life, as a walkyng 303.34: The pylgremage of this lyf, 1487 Book weyfaryng man or as a voyagieng pilgryme of Good Manners G7''[3]: This present lyf is a departith from some lodgyngplace or an right pylgremage. 1513 Bradshaw Si. Werburge hostellrye for to come to his owne dwellyng 58.1467: After this pylgrymage rewarded for house. 1483 Caxton Cato 16''[33-4]: The lyf of to be. 1522 More Treatyce 88 D[l-3]: We be this world nys none other but a pylgremage. but going in pilgrimage, and have here no 1533 More Confutación 616 D[6-10]: Yet them dwellyng place, 1528 Heresyes 181 C[ll-2]: The coumpte we stylle for vyagers and pylgrimes pilgrymage of this shorte life. Oxford 365-6; in the same pylgrimage that we bee towarde R. M. Smith in MLN 65 (1950) 443-7; Tilley the same place of reste and wealth that we L249. See W663. walke, 1534 Comforte 1238 A[l-3]: And in what countrye so ever we walk in this world, we be P202 As stable as a Pillar but as pilgrimes and wayfaryng men, Passion al449 Lydgate St. Austin in MP I 201.274: As 1313 CD: Manne . . . is here but a pylgryme. ony pileer in our feith moost stable. 1484 Caxton Royal Book 07''[26-7]: Ferme and stable as is a pyler in the chirche. P201 The Pilgrimage of this life (varied) cl340 Rolle Psalter 222 (64.1): Haly saules, that tumys fra pilgrymage of this life til endles gladnes, 437 (119.5): My pilgrimage in this warld is sa lange. cl390 Chaucer Truth 17-8: Her is non hoom, her nis but wildemesse: Forth, pilgrim, forth! cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xvi 9 gloss: Her liyf, which is a pilgrymage on erthe, 15 gloss: Present liyf, which liyf is seid the pilgrymage of man, Jeremiah XXXV 7: Ye lyve many daies on the face of erthe, in which ye goen in pilgrymage. al400 Pricke 38.1377-9: For we duelle here als aliens. To travail, here in the way, our lyms. Til our countré-warde, als pilgryms, 39.1394-5: This world es the way and passage, Thurgh whilk lyes our pilgrimage. al420 Lydgate Troy III 874.3570: For oure lyf here is but a pilgrymage, cl421 Thebes 141.3418-9: And our lif her, who taketh hed ther-to. Is but an exile and a pilgrymage, al422 Life 626.550-3: And make us stronge and sure in our passage In this exile and parlous pylgrymage, Whiche our fomen of malice and of pryde Hath in this lyfe by-sett us on everysyde, al430 Pilgrimage 2.46: That yowre lyff her ys but a pylgrymage, cl430 Dance 4.37: To schewe this worlde is but a pilgrimage, al439 Fall I 95.3464-5: Experience can teche in everi age, How this world heer is but a pilgrymage, 111 721.1753: Transitoire been heer your pilgrymages, al449 Testament in MP 1 344.394: Our dwellyng here is but a pilgrymage. al449 PLydgate Pageant of Knowledge in MP

P203 As stiff as a Pillar с 1425 St. Katherine of Sienna 193.2-3: But she, as a sadde piler, stode stiffe. Taylor and Whiting 285.

P204 As upright as a Pillar cl300 South English Legendary {Laud) 50.108: (A light) ase apiler stonde uprighht. Cf. Svartengren 275. P205 To stand like a Pillar al449 Lydgate St. Thomas in MP 1 139.6: Stood as a peeler for hooly chirchis right. P206 Not set the Pilling (peeling, bark) of a tree al400 Rowlande 94.1264-5: He sett the lawes of Cristyantee Nott at a pillynge of a tree. P207 As sweet as Piment (sweet wine) al325 Cursor 11 538.9356: Sco smelles better (FGT: Swettyr) then piment. cl450 Myroure of oure Ladye 215[33]: Swetter than pyement. P208 The nearer the Pin the better is the pudding cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.22: The nerre the pynne the better is the puddynge. See B444. P209 Not differ two Pins 1555 Heywood E 147.2.5: The meanyng herof, differth not twoo pins. P210 Not give a Pin al300 Alisaunder 325.6136: He nolde give there-of a pynne.

460

Pin

P2H Not please of a Pin 1534 More Comforte 1158 E[2-3]: Not please hym of a pynne.

Р2П

1528 More Heresyes 164 G[5]: Ye put me nowe to a pynche. NED Pinch 4.

P221 As huge as a Pipe (unne cask) al500 Partermy 198.5773: Hys panche As A P212 Not set at a Pin al460 Towneley Plays 34.363-4: Thi felowship. pipe hug and comerous. Set I not at a pyn. Apperson 496; Oxford 78; P222 To dance after one's Pipe Whiting Drama 358:772. See P364. 1546 Heywood D 78.22: To daunce after her pipe, I am ny led. Tilley M488; Whiting P213 Not worth a Pin Drama 358:773. See W667. al500 Court of Love 438.1078: Thow spekest not worth a pin. 1533 Heywood Weather P223 He is a sorry Piper that when he begins C3''[17]: All our other gere not worth a pyn, cannot leave off 1556 Spider 399[27]: Without one penie cost: 1478 Stonar Letters II 57[10-1]: I ffare lyke a or one pins worth paine. Apperson 458; Tilley sory pyper, whanne I begynne I can nat leve. P334; Whiting Drama 358:772, Scots II 110. See P365. P224 Piping hot cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3379: And wafres, P214 To hang by (be on) another Pin cl408 Lydgate Resoti 78.2952: They hangen by pipyng hot out of the gleede. Apperson 498; another pyn. al450 Partonope 348.8586-7: And NED Piping 3; Tilley P351. yite your herte is on a-nother pyn. Ye have P225 After a great Pirrie (squall) the weather chose some new thinge. NED Pin sb.' 15. seems more clear 1518 Nevill Castell 91.415: After a grete pery P215 To hang on a jolly Pin (varied) the wether semeth more clere. See M728. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1516: Youre herte hangeth on a joly pyn. al456 Sellyng Evidens 178.50: The younge manis herte stondithe on P226 The Pirrie is blovra that will ripen herea joly pynne. cl475 Wisdom 51.492: 1 woll sett after (i.e., trouble is coming) my soule a mery pynne. cl499 Skelton Bowge cl400 Beryn 41.1315-6: The pyry is I-blowe,— I 45.386: Plucke up thyne herte upon a mery hop, Beryn, hop!—That ripe wol heraftir, and on thyn hede dropp. pyne. al500 Medwall Nature C4''[4]: To set hys hart on a mery pyn, D2''[13]: Thys wyll P227 As angry as a Pismire set hym on a mery pyn. al500 Myne hert is set cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1825: He is as angry in Archiv 135(1916) 302.1: Myne hert is set as a pissemyre. Oxford 11. upponne a lusty pynne. Apperson 415; NED Pin, sb.i 15; Oiford 421; Tilley P335; Whiting P228 The one cannot Piss but the other must let a fart Drama 354:709. 1546 Heywood D 72.66-7: My husband and he be so great, that the ton Can not pisse, but P216 To hang on a slippery Pin cl390 Verses on the Earthquake of 1382 in tother must let a fart. Tilley P354. Brown Lyrics XIV 188.79: Ur bagge hongeth P229 Neither in the Pistle nor yet in the gospel on a sliper pyn. cl500 Fabyan 209[12-3]: To thyse narracions the herers may gyve credence as them lyketh; P217 To hit the Pin al475 Ludus Coventriae 129.189: Now be myn for they be nother in the pystle nor yet in the trowth ye hytte the pynne. Oxford 96: cleave; gospell. Tilley P336.

P219 1489 at a 497.

P230 A shallow Pit cannot keep a hart or lion in cage 1515 Barclay St. George 92.2280-6: But an olde proverbe hath ben sayd comonly That a shalowe pyt can nat kepe in in cage An hart or lyon or lyke great beste savage. A spyders webbe can At a Pinch nat a dove inlace. None stoppith a Dam with Caxton Fayttes 63.24-5: And corageously a small febyl gate. Craft must be usyd and pynche shal renne upon he(m). Apperson strenght in suche a case, And frawde agay(n)st fraude.

P220

To put one to a Pinch

P218 A Pin's Head or less cl440 Charles of Orleans 180.5385-6: For myn hool hert of yowre the quantité As of a pynnys hed me yave or lasse. NED Pin sb.^ 3c.

P231

To be on one's (the) Pit's brink

P235

461

Pitch

cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1400-1: I am hoor P233 As black as (the, any) Pitch and oold, And almoost, God woot, on my pittes al300 Alisaunder 271.4904: That hii ben blak brynke. cl440 Charles of Orleans 27.798: With- so pycches fom, 272.4964: Also blak so any out an hert sechyng my pittls brynke. al450 pycche, 278.5181, 293.5591, 310.5938-9: any, Barlam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) 341.6406-7: Blake is her visage and lych, Als 130.601: To the pittes brynke: wit the dede they it were grounden pych. al300 XI Pains 149.77: wille go. al450 Castle 124.1584: Late men that Blakkure than the swarte pich. cl300 Guy^ arn on the pyttis brynke. See D107. 596 A 257.7. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 395. 12588. cl350 Libeaus 73.1327, 76.1363. cl380 P232 To fall into the Pit (ditch, dike, lake) one Ferumbras 81.2461, 135.4329-30. cl390 God digs (for another) man and the devel 354.969: eny. cl390 Northern c900 Paris Psalter 12 (7.15): He adylf {ione pytt, and he hine ontynö, and on {зопе ylcan befylö. Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vernon) 301.95. clOOO Regius Psalter 10 (7.16): SeaÔ openude al400 How to hear Mass 502.359. al400 Ipoand adealf hine hreas on seaS Jjone he worhte. madon A 176.6159. cl400 Túndale 76.1308: alOSO Defensor Liber 148[6-8]: Se [зе pytt dylf ony. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 289.437, 314.191-2, nehstan on ¡заепе he fealS; se Jje sett stan 363.396: Ony. al415 Mirk Festtal 71.21-2, nehstan he œtspymS on l^am, and se Jje grin 85.25, 92.20, 97.3, 132.2: any, 238.6-7. cl415 olsrum legS he forwyrS on jiam. cllOO Salisbury Middle English Sermons 176.38-9: anny. al420 Psalter 83 (7.16). cl340 Rolle Psalter 27 (7.16): Lydgate Troy I 272.4473, 1422 Serpent 61.6: He fell in the pit that he made. cl350 Prose eny. al425 St. Robert 63.694. cl440 St. Psalter 7 (7.16): He opened helle and dalf it, Christopher 464.827. al450 South English and fel in the diche that he made. el395 WBible Legendary (Bodley) 322.538: eny. al450 Three Psalms vii 16: And he felde in to the dich which Middle English Sermons 39.577: ani. cl450 he made. Ivi 7: Thei delveden a diche bifore Alphabet II 351.20. cl450 De Claris Mulieribus my face; and thei felden doun in to it. Proverbs 36.725. cl450 Idley 176.1091. cl450 Jacob's xxvi 27: He that delveth a diche, schal falle in Well 11.8. cl450 Owayne Miles (Cotton Caligula) to it, Ecclesiastes χ 8, Ecclesiasticus xxvii 29. 118.405: any. cl450 Si. Cuthbert 206.7061: any. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 136.22-3: Hii maden cl450 Way to Jerusalem in S. Purchas Hakluytus a grave and dalf it, and fel hem selven in the Posthumus (Glasgow, 1905) VII 535[9]: any. diche, that hii maden. al400 Destruction of 1465 Leversege 23[14]: any. al475 Guy^ 243. Troy 370.11362-3: Hit is nedefull for noy, that 8461, 294.10241-2. cl475 Guy^ 431 С 7759: neghis on hond. That thai droppe in the dike any. 1485 Caxton Charles 165.16-7: He is as thai deghit have for us. a1400 Northern Verse blacke as pytche boylled, 167.22-3,176.1,233.18. Psalter I 181 (56.7): Bi-for mi licham grove thai cl485 Monk of Evesham 57[10-1], 85[5]. dike. And felle tham self thar inne ilike. cl400 al500 Merchant and his Son in Hazlitt EPP Primer 58[34-5]: He openyde a lake, and dig- I 141.137: any. al500 Trentals of Gregory (Hurgide it out; and he felde in-to the diche which ley 3810) in ESt 40(1908-9) 356.61: any. al513 he made. 1402 Daw Topias 85[5-6]. al420 Lyd- Dunbar Devillis Inquest 79.106. 1513 Douglas gate Troy I 354.7329-30: For in the dyche justly Aeneid II 230.56. al533 Berners Arthur 221[18, he is falle Whiche he made of malis for us alle, 30], 470[30]: any. Apperson 135; Oxford 47; II 472.2728-9, III 708.4934-5. 1438 Barlaam Taylor and Whiting 287; Tilley P357. 14.34-5: He was fall in the putte that he had made hym selff. al450 Gesta 326[14-5]: The stiward is fallyn in his owne diche. 1471 P234 As dark as Pitch Caxton Recuyell II 654.14-5: Hyt shold not be cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3731: Derk was the ylle doon to make them falle in to the pytte nyght as pich. Apperson 135; Taylor and Whiting 287; Tilley P357; Whiting Ballad 30. that they have maad redy, 1484 Aesop 155[14-6]: Who so ever maketh the pytte redy for his brother, ofte it happeth that he hym self falleth P235 As swart (black) as (the, any) Pitch in the same. al500 PaHenay 136.3917. 1509 al300 Fiftene teknen in Edmund Stengel Barclay Ship II 40[5-6]: Makynge a pyt to Codicem Manu Scriptum Digby 86 (Halle, 1871) others hurte and wo, Wherin hymselfe is de- 54.23: (The sun) Bicometh suartore then the stroyed at the last. 1509 Watson Ship Q3'^[22-4]. pich cl300 Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 106.116 Tilley P356. See B21, C640, D22, E180, F374, [6]. cl330 Rouland 50.482-3: He loked lothe555, G169, 490, M200, 284, 289, R166, S427, liche, And was swart as piche. cl350 Libeaus 36.620. al500 Almyghty god in Anglia 3(1880) T17. 545.99: any.

Pitch

462

Р23е He that touches Pitch shall be defouled (varied) c l 3 0 0 Northern Homily Cycle (Editi. Coll. Phys.) l l l [ 5 - 8 ] ; For qua sa nehe wit hend or slefes Hate molten pic, on thaim it clevis: Pik that eleves quen it is tan, Bisens deling wit wik man. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 212.6577-80: Seynt Poule seyth, that moche wote, "Who-so handlyth pycche wellyng hote. He shal have fylthe therof sumdeyl, Thogh he kepe hym never so weyl." cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 854: As whoso toucheth warm pych, it shent his fyngres. c l 3 9 5 WBible Ecclesiasticus xiii 1: He that touchith pitch, schal be defoulid of it. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa 85·^[1.26-7]: And (pitch) defoyllyth and smorchyth hondes that it towchyth. cl400 Satan arid his Children in Wyclif EW 218[10-1]: Therfore seith the wise man, he that handlith pich schal be foulid ther-of. с1400 Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW III 167[12-3]: For hit is hard to touche tho picche and not be foulid therwith. cl415 Middle English Sermons 235.36-8. cl425 Treatise on the Ten Commandments in SP 6(1910) 28[24]: Ffor he that towchith picke is defouled of the picke. al439 Lydgate Fall I 131.4695-7: Be sentence off the wise, Who touchith pich, bassay men may see. It failith nat he shal defouled be. al450 Three Middle English Sermons 45.757-9. c l 4 5 0 Idley 83.167-8: He that waloweth amonge coole or piche, Ofte tymes it woll shewe suche, 193.2061-5. cI515 Barclay Eclogues 102.1277: Or touche soft pitche and not his fingers file. 1534 More Comforte 1200 B[l-3]: It is a thing right hard, to touch pitch, and never fyle the fingers. Apperson 498; Jente 254; Oxford 667; Taylor and Whiting 287-8; Tilley P358; Whiting Scots II 111. See F558, H88.

P236

P241 Peevish Pity mars the city 1556 Heywood Spider 326[20-l]: Or pevish pittie: Which (as thold saying sayith) marth the cittie. Apperson 229; Oxford 217; Tilley P366. P242 Pity makes mercy pass right cl386 Chaucer LGW F 161-2: Yet Pitee, thurgh his stronge gentil myght, Forgaf, and made Mercy passen Ryght. See M508. P243 Pity runs soon in gentle heart (varied) с1385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1761: For pitee renneth soone in gentil herte, TC i 898-900: That sith thy lady vertuous is al, So foloweth it that there is som pitee Amonges alle thise other in general, c l 3 8 6 LGW F 503: But pite renneth soone in gentil herte, 1078-9: Anon hire herte hath pite of his wo. And with that pite love com in also, с1390 CT II[B] 660: As gentil herte is fulfild of pitee, c l 3 9 5 IV[E] 1986: Lo, pitee renneth soone in gentil herte, V[F] 479: Pitee renneth soone in gentil herte. cl408 Lydgate Reson 181.6915-6: For pyte, who that kan adverte, Renneth sone in gentyl herte, cl421 Thebes 140.3398: Only of pite which is in gentyl blood. c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 132. 3929-30: A ladies hert forto want pite Hit is to fowle ageyne nature. 1509 Fyftene Joyes C7'"[ll]: A gentyll herte wolde pyte have and routhe. al533 Berners Castell B6^[20-3]: Gentyllwemen havyng noble hertes . . . ought naturally to have pyte. 1534 Heywood Love C2'[38-9]: For I have a mynde that every good face Hath ever some pyte of a pore mans case. Whiting Drama 288, Scots II 111. See H273, M411.

P244 Better seek a hundred Places away (from home) than suffer a hundred humiliations c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 13.25: Selre Ьу{з {)aet man hund (Pstowa) heona gesece [зоппе man P237 To cleave together like Pitch hund hynjia gejjolie. Melius centum adire locos aI400 Pricke 93.3424-5: For thai gadir on the quam centum perpati contumelias. Cf. R. saul ful thyk, And eleves togyder als dos рук. Quirk in MLR 52(1957) 625. P238 Pitch and pay P245 He that is in a sure Place is a fool to go cI405 Mum 73.1598: But shuld thay picche and from it paye at eche pleynte-is ende. alSOO Piers of 1484 Caxton Aesop 239[17-21]: For many tymes Fullham 9.206-7: Yt ys full hard bothe to pyche I have herd saye of my graunt moder, he that and paye: An empty purs may evyll accomptes is wel meve not hym self, For he whiche is in yelde. Apperson 498; O φ r d 502; Tilley P360. a place wel sure is wel a fole to go fro hit, and to putte hym self in grete daunger and P239 Small Pitchers have wide ears perylle. Apperson 674:2; Tilley F487. See S297. 1546 Haywood D 70.10: Avoyd your children. Small pitchers have wide eares. Apperson 372; P246 He that is parted in every Place is nowhere Jente 147; O φ r d 374; Tilley P363. whole P240 Better to Pity than be pitied cl385 Chaucer TC i 960-1: But he that parted is in everi place Is nowher hoi, as writen 1479 Cely Papers 14[18]: Hyt ys better to Clerkes wyse. pyttye than be pyttyd. See R230.

P259

463

P247 A lowest Place is oft most sure and stable 1515 Barclay St. George 57.1271: A lowest place is oft moste sure and stable. See H387, R191. P248 To sing Placebo al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 247[l-2]: For gold and silver strong he gaf so grate piente, Bifor the kyng it song, Placebo domine. 1340 Ayenbite 60[29-30]: Thet huanne hi alle zingeth "Placebo," thet is to zigge: "Mi Ihord zayth zoth, mi Ihord deth wel." c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT X[I] 617: Flateres been the develes chapelleyns, that syngen evere Placebo, c l 3 9 5 III[D] 2075: Syngeth Placebo, and " I shal, if I kan," IV[E] 1476: Of whiche that oon was cleped Placebo. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 58.15: Thei syngen alwey "Placebo." al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 395.14654: My song to hem ys "placebo," 598.22417: Somme callen hir Placebo. al450 Castle 170.3125: Thi placebo I schal synge. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 122[28-9]: I preyse hem ariht bothe in riht and in wrong in servinge hem of Placebo. cl475 Henryson Want of Wyse Men 189.19: Quha can placebo, and noucht half dirige. 1481 Caxton Reynard 65[28]: Ther ben many that playe placebo, 1484 Royal Book F4''[30]: They synge alwaye the placebo of flaterye. c l 5 2 2 Skelton Colyn 1 346.908-9: They occupye them so With syngyng Placebo. Apperson 573-4; NQ 210(1965) 17-8; Oxford 591-2; Tilley P378; Whiting Scoto II 111. See P264. P249 To graze on the Plain 1546 Heywood D 99.32: He tumde hir out at doores to grase on the playne. Apperson 269; Oxford 263; Tilley P380.

Play Eccl. vii. Whyle a tree is a small sprynge it may be bowed as men wyll have it. But when it is full woxen it wyll not be bowed. 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners D8''[9]: The rodde boweth whyle it is grene. 1509 Barclay Ship I 47[18-21]: A lytell twygge plyant is by kynde A bygger braunche is harde to bowe or wynde But suffer the braunche to a byg tre to growe And rather it shall brake than outher wynde or bowe. Apperson 38: Bend; Oxford 34; Tilley T632; Whiting Drama 120, Scots II 144. See O i l , W35, Y4.

P252 One Plaster cannot heal all sores 1533 More Debellacyon 951 E[l-2]: One plaister can not heale all sores. Cf. Tilley S82. P253 As hard as any Plate al420 Lydgate Troy I 20.306: And with skalys hard as any plate. P254 To be beaten like a Plate upon a stith (anvil) al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 207.7385-6: He was bete and hamryd wyth. As a plate up-on a styth. Play, sb. P255 After Play comes unride (severe) sorrows al460 Towneley Plays 100.11: Ffor after oure play com sorows unryde. See J58. P256 He that is entered into a Play must needs assent to the play c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT IV[E] 10-1: For what man that is entred in a pley, He nedes moot unto the pley assente. Oxford 505; Skeat 275.

P250 Better freely give a Plank than be com- P257 Sooth Play qued (bad) play (varied) c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 4357: But "sooth pley, pelled to give a mart (ox) quaad pley," as the Flemyng seith. c l 4 5 0 c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 78.2270-1: Far better is Merlin II 475[12-4]: And for that ever he frelie ffor to giff ane plank Nor be compellit (Sir Kay) wolde of custome borde of the sothe on force to giff ane mart. See H344. hym hated many a knyght for the shame that P251 A green Plant may be plied with a man's thei hadde of his wordes. 1546 Heywood D 89.27-8: It is yll jestyng on the soothe, Sooth fingers (varied) bourd is no bourd, 1555 E 160.88: Sooth boorde, c l 4 0 0 Beryn 34.1062-6: A plant, whils it is is no boorde: sooth boorde soundeth yll. Apgrene, or it have dominacioun, A man may with his fyngirs ply it wher hym list, And make person 647:11; Jente 752; Oxford 604-5; Revue ther-of a shakill, a with(ey), or a twist; But let Beige de Philologie et d'Histoire 13(1934) 745-9; Skeat 238; Tilley B559. the plant(e) stond, and yeris ovir growe. Men

shall nat, with both his hondis, unnethis make it bowe. al450 Myne awen dere 152.85-91: For P258 To play the common Play al450 Partonofe 199.5265-6: For to have pleyed als lange as a tre is yynge. Men may make it even to sprynge That walde hafe ben a croked the comyn play Off wyche thes lovers have tre Hadde noght men made it even to be. And suche plesaunce. c l 4 5 0 Merlin II 508[34-5]: And feilen down on a grete bedde, and pleyde righte thus will thy childer fare And thay be the comen pley. yynge withouten lare. Bathe ill and vicyous in all thynge. al470 Parker Dives K5''[1.31-4]: P259 To teach one a new Play of Yule

Play

464

P260

al460 Towneley Plays 239.344: We shall teche P269 Plenty follows after need hym, I wote, a new play of yoyll. (Of the 1420 Lydgate Temple 17.416: And pienti gladli Buffetting) foloith after nede. See j e i . Play, vb. P260 He Plays best that wins 1555 Heywood E 187.230: He pleyth best that wins. Apperson 501; Oxford 506; Tilley P404. P261 It is ill Playing with short daggers 1546 Heywood Ό 56.33: For though it be ill plaiyng with short daggers. Apperson 325; Oxford 506; Tilley P405. P262 Long Plea is little avail 1454 Paston II 307[14-5]: I know the mater and that longe plee is litill avayll. See P408. P263 After Pleasance oft trouble al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 62.368-9: Oft tyme after pleasaunce Trouble and grevaunce. See J58, P265. P264 I will Please, what so betide al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.19-20: "I wyll please, what so betyde." If thow wylt please, lay truthe a syde. Oxford 506. See P248.

P270 Plenty is no dainty cl300 South English Legendary {Laud) 307.266: For piente nis no deinte: ase we al day i-seot. cl449 Pecock Repressor I 184[8]: Experience wole weel schewe that piente is no deinte. 1546 Heywood D 67.52: Plentie is no deintie. Apperson 502; Oxford 507; Tilley P425. See C351. P271 Whoso of Plenty (wealth) will take no heed shall find default in time of need al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 247.159-60: Who of piente wyll take no hede, Shal fynd defawte yn tyme of nede. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.85-6: Who so in weiht takes no hede Sal fynde defavrte in tyme of nede. cl475 Bodley MS.14526 f.55a in Brown-Robbins 4095: Who of piente wyll take no hede Shal fynde defawte . . . al500 Hill 139.1-2: Who so off welth takyth non hede, He shall fynd defawt in tyme of nede. al500 Salomon seyth in Person 52.25-6: fawte. Oxford 507; Whiting Scots II 151.

P272 The Plover lives on air al393 Gower CA III 192.943-4: And as the P265 After Pleasure comes pain (varied) al500 Cotton Vespasian MS. A xxv in Rei. Ant Plover doth of Eir I live. 1484 Caxton Royal I 323[2]: After plesur commethe payne. 1506 Book F6''[8-ll]: Thenne is he lyke the plovyer Hawes Pastime 175.4676-7: Thynke well quod whyche lyveth of the wynde and of the ayer she that in the worlde is none Whiche can have . . . And also to every colour that he seeth he pleasure without wo and care. 1509 Barclay chaungeth his sowne (?his owne). Cf. Tilley Ship I 39[21]: For often plesour endeth with M226. See С135. sorowe and dolour, 80[21]: But this one pleasour was grounde of moche payne, II 319[23]: So P273 Better the Plow he still than to till after after pleasour oft comys payne. 1513 Douglas hunger Aeneid II 194.62: Sen erdly plesour endis oft al450 Myne awen dere 174.791-2: Wele better with sorow, we se. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 26[10]: it ware the plugh lye styll Than efter honger So after great pleasour succedeth wo and payne. for to tyll. Apperson 3; Tilley P408. See J58, P130, 263. P274 To borrow another man's Plow al393 Gower CA III 353.4218-25: For whan a Ρ2β6 All present Pleasure is counted small man mai redy finde His oghne wif, what scholde cl515 Barclay Eclogues 183-4.83-6: All pleasour he seche In strange places to beseche To borwe present of men is counted small. Desire oban other mannes plouh. Whan he hath geere tayned some counteth nought at all. What men good ynouh Affaited at his oghne heste. And is hope after that seemeth great and deare, A(s) to him wel more honeste Than other thing light by distaunce appeareth great and clcare. which is unknowe? See C504. P267 Pleasure seldom endures long P275 To hold the Plow al533 Berners Castell 04''[17]: Pleasour seldome 1466 Paston IV 250[15-6]: They might not leve endureth longe. See We71. thereon, withought they shuld hold the plowe to the tayle. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 92.9-10: P268 What Pleasure in delicate feasts given It is a synguler pleasur to me to se them come with a glooming brow? behynde and holde the plough. cl475 Henryson Fables 11.232-3: Quhat plesure is in ffeisitis deUcate, The quhilkis ar gevin with P276 A Plowman should go no farther than his ane glowmand brow? See M700. plow

P294

465

Poor

cl515 Barclay Eclogues 169.792: What should P284 Not set a Point a Ploughman go farther then his plough. Cf. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 92.29: I set not a Taylor and Whiting 75. poynt what thou can laye to my charge. P277 It is not good to eat Plums with one's lord P285 Not worth (the, a) Point (of a pin) 1484 Caxton Aesop 1Ц1-2]: Men sayen that it 1556 Heywood Spider 409[14]: I take not the is not good to ete plommes with his lord. Jente gift, worth the point of a pin, 1560 E 216.62.2: 669; Tilley C279. For he is not woorth a pointe. Apperson 458:29; Tilley P456. See A71. P278 Not worth a (two) Plum(s) cl348 Rolle Form in Allen R. Rolle 113.166-7: A P286 The Point(ing) of a preen (pin) litel delyte . . . that es noght worth a plowme. 1445 He michtt Makar in Felix J. H. Skene 1522 Skelton Why Come II 45.601: Ye rebads, Liber Pluscardensis (Historians of Scotland 7 nat worth two plummis. [Edinburgh, 1877]) 387[23]: Dyd nevir of plycth (sin) the pointyr of a preyn. cl500 King Hart P279 As still as a Plump {clump) of wood 89.27-8: That no man micht the poynting of al470 Malory I 35.35: And stoode stylle as hit ane prene Repreve. had be a plumpe of woode. NED Plump sb.^. P287 She has one Point of a good hawk, she is P280 As proud as (a, any) Po (peacock, pohen) hardy al325 On Consistory Courts in Böddeker 112.87: 1546 Heywood D 69.102: She hath one poynt A pruest proud ase a po. cl385 Chaucer TC i 210: And yet as proud a pekok kan he pulle, of a good hauke, she is hardie. Apperson 290; cl390 CT I[A] 3926: As any pecok he was proud Tilley P454.

and gay. cl390 Deo Gracias II in Brown Lyrics P288 As odious as Poison XIV 138.18: Another mon proudeth as doth a cl475 Banester Guiscardo 18.292: Vhich wes poo. al460 Towneley Plays 117.37: A swane as to hym more odyouse then poysoune. Cf. Taylor prowde as a po, 344.168: If that I prowde as and Whiting 290. pacok go. cl500 Skelton Womanhod I 20.13: As proud a pohen, al508 Phyllyp I 64.438: The P289 Poison under sugar al420 Lydgate Troy I 26.515: The prevy poypecocke so prowde. 1513 Bradshaw St. Wersoun under sugre cured. 1529 More Supplicacion burge 69.1805: Prowde as a Pecocke. 1556 Hey291 H[13-4]: Covering his poison under some wood Spider 198[8]: These prowd peacoks propertise. Apperson 514; Oxford 521; Taylor and tast of suger. See CI77, G12, H433, 440, V19. Whiting 278; Tilley P157; Whiting Drama P290 As straight as any Pole 322:245, Scots II 109. cl497 Medwall Fulgens E4''[7]: I kyst it as strayght as ony pole, [14]: Of the holowe ashe P281 The first Point of hawking is to hold fast as strayte as a pole. 1469 Paston V 22[25-6]: I purpose to use the fyrst poynt of hawkyng, to hold fast and I maye. P291 To stink like a Polecat al475 Booke of Hawkyng in Rei. Ant. I 296 1533 Heywood Johan A2''[3]: She shall stynke [14-5]: The first (term of hawking) is holde fast lyke a pole kat. Apperson 504; Oxford 621; when abatith. 1546 Heywood D 69.103: The Tilley P461. fyrst point of haukyng is holde fast. Apperson P292 From the Poor tum never your face 291; Oxford 283-4; Tilley P453. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.83-4: If thou P282 For a Point the Picard lost his eye wylt have gwode grace. Fro the poere tume с1450 Douce MS.52 54.112: For a poynt the never thy face. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.67-8. Picarde lost is ye. Uno pro puncto caruit Cf. Tilley P471. Picardus ocello. cl450 Rylands MS.394 104.19. Note (Douce) cfs. French Faute d'un point P293 He has well that gives to the Poor (varied) Martin perdit son âne, and queries an original cl350 Good Wife E 158.12: Wei hat that the asello for ocello in Latin. pouere giveth, cl425 H 159.12: Tresour he hath that pouere fedith, cl450 L 197.12-3: Weel he P283 If a man is aggrieved in one Point he shall proveth that the poore loveth, cl500 Τ 203. be relieved in another 12-3: Well he tresoreth That the poore honocl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4180-2: For, John, ther wreth. Apperson 208. Cf. Tilley P471. is a lawe that says thus. That gif a man in a point be agreved, That in another he sal be P294 He is not Poor that is happy releved. See Robinson's note, p. 688. See T339. 1525 Berners Froissart VI 65[8-9]: Therfore it

Poor

4Ó6

P295

is an olde proverbe: He is nat poore that is happy. See E120, P331.

Pore be hangid bi the necke; a riche man bi the purs. See B639, P448.

P295 If one is Poor his friends flee him (varied) cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 120-1: If thou be povre, thy brother hateth thee, And alle thy freendes fleen from thee, alias! VII 1559-60 [B2749-50]: And if thy fortune change that thou wexe povre, farewel freendshipe and felaweshipe; for thou shalt be alloone withouten any compaignye, but if it be the compaignye of povre folk. aI400 PChaucer Rom. A 466-7: For pover thing, whereso it be, Is shamefast and dispised ay. 1509 Watson Ship Q r [ 2 4 ] : The poore man hathe no frendes, S5''[5]: The poore man is hated of every body. al533 Berners Arthur 6[24-5]: Pore folkes hath but fewe frendes. Oxford 511; Skeat 243; Tilley P468. See G348, M180, P301, 335, SI09.

P303 Some are now Poor that sometime were bold (wore gold) c l 4 2 5 Good Wife H 171.165: That now ben full pouer that sum tyme wer full bolde, al500 N 215.195: For some folk are now pore that somtime ware gold. P304 As merry as a Popinjay c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 369[В1559]: And hoom he gooth, murie as a papejay. Svartengren 71. P305 As proud as any Popinjay al508 Freiris of ВегиЯк in Dunbar 186.142: Scho was als prowd as ony papingo.

P306 To sing like a Popinjay c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2322: Syngeth ful mûrier than the papejay. al430 Hoccleve P296 If the Poor (com)plain he wins but little Roundel II 38.20: And shee syngith ful lyk a cl405 Mum 72-3.1575-9: And bringeth a bitter papejay. byworde a-brode among the peuple. And is in P307 As sweet as resty (rancid) Pork every cuntre but a comune tale That yf the cl497 Medwall Fulgens C313-4]: And her voyce pouer playne, though he piede ever And hurleth is as doucett And as swete as resty porke. with his higher, hit happeth ofte-tyme That he wircheth al in waste and wynneth but a lite. P308 As fat as a Pork-hog al470 Malory 1 295.3-4: He shall be as fatte P297 Of the Poor men tell (account) little . . . as a porke hog. Apperson 205; Tilley H483. c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary (Laud) 288.15:

Ech man tolde luyte of him—for of the povere P309 To row to (arrive at, come to) (a) good Men wolleth so. Cf. Jente 107. See M265. (ill) Port c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC i 969: For to good port hasP298 The Poor and the rich are bom and die tow rowed. 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners in the same wise H3^[l-2]: They . . . shullen arryve at a good al393 Gower CA II 217.3246-9: The povere is bore as is the riche And deieth in the same porte. 1509 Watson Ship T2>'[2-3]: With grete wise, Upon the fol, upon the wise Siknesse and payne may they come to gode porte. aI533 Berners Ниоп 57.12: Ye be aryved at a good hele entrecomune. See DlOl, K49, L448. port, 74.7-8, 479.25-6: We be aryved at an yll P299 The Poor demands and begs ere he feels port. 1474 Caxton Chesse 148[9-10]: And therfore P310 Between this and Portugal hit is sayd that the poure demandeth and beggeth 1481 Caxton Reynard 13[34]: Alle the hony that er he felith. is bytwene this and portyngale. P300 The Poor had no bread and yet he bought P311 Possession takes no force of (pays no heed a hound to) wrong or right 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[9-10]: The aI439 Lydgate Fall III 742.2527: Pocessioun take pore had ne breed and yet he bought an no fors of wrong or riht, 2534, 2541. Cf. Taylor hownde. and Whiting 292. P301 The Poor has few to succor his party P312 As strong as a Post (etc.) (A number of al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 575.242: The single quotations are brought together here) pore hathe few hys party to socour. See G348, 1340 Ayenbite 180[30-1]: Strang and stedevest P295. ase a pos(t) ine his temple. cl412 Hoccleve P302 The Poor is hanged by the neck, a rich man by the purse al400 Additional MS.41321 f.86 in Owst Ltíerature 43[23-4]: As it is seide in olde proverbe—

Regement 169.4695-6: As harde as is a post —A post? Nay, as a stoon—ben hertes now! c l 4 5 0 Edward the Confessor Prose II l l l [ 4 - 5 ] : And so was Seynt Edward, hys yonger brother.

P324

467

left as post a-loon. al470 Malory I 196.23-4: And his pawys were as byg as a poste.

Pot metall is wroght. Apperson 174; Oxford 164; Tilley P495. See C553.

P313 From Post to pillar P320 He that comes last to Pot is worst served al475 Assembly of Gods 34.1147: Thus fro (soonest wroth) poost to pylour was he made to daunce. cl515 cl400 Beryn 101.3366-7: Fful soth is that byBarclay Eclogues 117.273: From poste unto word, "to pot, who comyth lastl" He worst is piller tossed. 1546 Heywood D 62.8: From post served. al500 Hill 132.42: He that commeth to pyller . . . I have beene tost, 1555 E 190.251. last to the pot, ys sonnest wrothe. 1546 HeyApperson 496; Oxford 500; Taylor and Whiting wood D 98.18: He that commeth last to the pot, 285; Tilley P328. is soonest wroth. Apperson 351; Oxford 104; Tilley P496. P314 To be like a Post a1400 Morte Arthure 23.776: With yche a pawe P321 Little Pot soon hot as a poste. 1546 Heywood D 42.26: Little potte soone whot. Apperson 372; Oxford 374; Tilley P497. P315 To kiss the Post al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 73.714-6: Troylus also P322 Neither Pot broken nor water spilt hath lost On her moche love and cost. And now 1546 Heywood D 53.399: Neither pot broken, must kys the post. cl515 Barclay Eclogues nor water spylt. Apperson 507; Tilley P499. 91.1001: Shalt thou lose thy meat and kisse the post. Apperson 344; Oxford 340; Tilley P494. P323 The Pot goes so long to the water that (at last) it comes home broken P316 To play at Post and pillar 1340 Ayenbite 206[14-5]: Me couthe zigge: zuo cl440 Charles of Orleans 162.4834: And there longe geth thet pot to the wetere: thet hit at post and piler did she play, 174.5203: For comth to-broke hom. cl400 Vices and Virtues at the post and piler did thei play. See I 228.3-4: Men seien so longe goth the pott to xxxvii-viii and II 34, which suggest a children's the watre he cometh broke home. cl412 game, but the context implies an adult modifi- Hoccleve Regement 160.4432-3: The pot so cation, though still innocent. longe to the watir goth. That hoom it cometh at the laste y-broke. cl450 Douce MS.52 52.88: P317 To preach to the (a) Post The pot goth so longe to water, that he comyth cl450 How mankinde dooth in Fumi vail Hymns broke home. cl450 La Tour-Landry 82.17-9: 61.103: Good conscience, goo preche to the post. And therfor it is a trew proverbe, that "the 1528 More Heresyes 287 A[5-7]: A man maye potte may goo so longe to water, that atte the with as much fruite preache to a post, as reason laste it is broken," 90.18-9: And therfor, in with them, 1532 Confutación 408 E[l-2]: It is olde Englisshe, it is saide that "so ofte goth the nothing elles but to say a pater noster to a post, potte to water, that atte the laste it comithe [11-2]. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 292: As deaf as broken home." cl450 Rylands MS.394 102.8: a post; Tilley P491. See 8788, T519. The pot gos to the fyre ay tyl oon day. al460 Toumeley Plays 126.317-9: Bot so long goys the P318 As dried as a Pot al400 NoHhern Verse Psalter I 61 (21.16): Dried pott to the water, men says. At last Comys it als a pot might be Alle mi might with innen me. home broken. 1481 Caxton Reynard 67[15-8]: A pot may goo so longe to water that at the P319 An earthen (glassen) Pot (vessel) should laste it cometh to broken hoom. I thynke your not fight with a cauldron potte that so oft hath deceyved us shal now cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 526.73-4: hastly be broken, 1484 Royal Book R4''[18-9]: Hit nis not worth an old Botoun An eorthene It is sayd that so longe gooth the potte to pot to fihte with a Caudron. cl390 Suffer in water, that at the laste it breketh. 1546 Heywood Time in Brown Lyrics XIV 201.37-40: Hit is D 84.148-9: Yet lo, the pot so long to the luytel worth, seith Socrates, A glasen pot is water gothe, Tyll at the laste it comthe home wayk and liht To puiten him self to fer in près broken. Apperson 498-9; Jente 42; Owst LiteraA-geynes a caudrun for to fiht. cl395 WBible ture 43; Oxford 502; Taylor and Whiting 288; Ecclesiasticus xiii 3: What schal a cawdroun Tilley P501. comyne (al382: comune) to a pot? for whanne tho hirtlen hem silf togidere, the pot schal be P324 The Pot is easy to keep where the fat is brokun. al400 Titus 54.1159-60: The erthen overblown {blown away) vessell lasteth noght To hurtell with that of al475 Good Rule in Brovra Lyrics XV 265.59-60:

Pot

468

P325

The pot is esy for to kepe Ther the fatte is P334 Poverty (de)parts (breaks) company (fellowship) over-blowe. 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 29.133 Fy! Lak of P325 A Pot that is well baked may best endure coyn departith compaignie. cl450 Douce MS.52 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus β[15-6]: A pot 54.107: Poverte brekys companye. cl450 Rythat is wele baken may best endure, and that lands MS.394 104.29: partes felshipe. al471 dene is browyn that may they fayre drinken. Ashby Policy 29.513-4: It hathe be, and yet is a comyn sawe. That Poverte departithe felaship. P326 To have the Pot by the steal (handle) 1402 Hoccleve Letter of Cupid 74.50-5: And 1471 Paston V 122[6]; I may sey poverte partes whann this man the pot hath be the stele. And feleschepe. alSOO Hill 129.44: Powerte partith full is in his possessyon. With that woman kepeth felishipe. alSOO Man, be war in T. Wright Songs and Carols (PS 23, 1847) 34[3]: This wrat he not to dele After. See M206. I oftyn, poverte partyth company. 1546 HeyP327 When the Pot boils the best remedy is wood D 56.58: Povertie parteth felowship, 1555 to withdraw the fire E 190.249. Apperson 509; Oxford 514; Tilley cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 951: For certes, whan P529. See L507, P343. the pot boyleth strongly, the beste remedie is to withdrawe the fyr. See B506. P335 Poverty has few friends (varied) cl300 Beves 170.3593-4: For, whan a man is in P328 A Potful of milk must be kept well from poverte falle, He hath fewe frendes with alle. the cat 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 6[12-3]: A pot- al400 Romaunt В 5456-62: Whanne they am full of mylke muste be kept wele from the katte. falle in poverte. And ben of good and catell bare; Thanne shulde they sen who freendis ware. See С109. For of an hundred, certeynly, Nor of a thousand P329 Better Pottage in charity than many full scarsly. Ne shal they fynde unnethis oon, delices with chiding (varied) Whanne poverte is comen upon. cl450 Procl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 535.193-6: verbs of Good Counsel 68.22: Poverte hathe but Bettre is potage with-outen othur mes With frendis fewe. al500 Salamon seyth in Person charité and good(e) pes. Then mony delyces 52.24: Poverte hath but frendys few. Smith 234; with chydyng—This is the wyse monnes saying. Whiting Drama 84. See G348, P295, 301, S109. al500 How the Wyse Man 31.97-100: For bettyr hyt ys in reste and pees A messe of potage and P336 Poverty in surety is better than riches in no more, Then for to have a thousand messe fear (varied) Wyth grete dysese and anger sore. See D257, 1477 Rivers Dictes 29[30-l]: Povertie in surete M614, 700. is better than richesse in fere. 1484 Caxton Aesop 17[l-3]: Better worthe is to lyve in P330 In a dirty Pouch a treasure often lies poverte surely than to lyve rychely beyng ever cl025 Durham Proverbs 10.7: Oft on sotigum in daunger. 1509 Barclay Ship 1188[13-4]: Better bylige searowa licgaS. Sepe in file sacculo fulget is povertye though it be harde to bere Than is aurum. See H3. a hye degre in jeopardy and fere. Tilley P525. See M700. P331 Glad Poverty is an honest thing cl395 Chaucer CT II1[D] 1183-6: Glad poverte is an honest thyng, certeyn; This wole Senec P337 Poverty is a possession that no wight will and othere clerkes seyn. Whoso that halt hym challenge jayd of his poverte, I holde hym riche, al hadde cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1199-1200: Poverte is this, although it seme alenge, Possessioun that le nat a sherte. See P294. no wight wol chalenge. See W717. P332 Let him who tells of his Poverty beg beP338 Poverty is a spectacle (means) through fore his friend cl025 Durham Proverbs 10.5: Beforan his which one sees his friends freonde biddejj (?for bidde) se )зе his waedle с 1395 Chaucer CT II1[D] 1203-4: Poverte a maenejj. Postulet coram amico qui penuriam spectacle is, as thynketh me, Thurgh which he may his verray freendes see. Jente 429. See F634, suam prédicat. 672. P333 Poverty and patience are needs playferes (playmates) P339 Poverty is better than evil gotten richesse cl380 Patience 14.45: Thus Poverte and Pacy1477 Rivers Dictes 54[20-l]: Povertee is better ence am nedes play-feres. than evyll goten richesse.

P357

469

P340 Poverty is hateful good cl378 Piers В xiv 274: "Pauperitas," quod Pacience, "est odibile bonum." cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1195: Poverte is hateful good. See Robinson, p. 704. P341 Poverty is mother of health cl378 Piers В xiv 298: (Poverte) is moder of helthe. Apperson 508; Oxford 514; Tilley P528. P342 Righteous Poverty may prevail against men of great avail (worth) al500 Colkelbie 302.185-7: Presome nevir bot povert may prewaill Be it rychtwiss aganis men of grit availl That ar nocht wyiss bot wranguss in thair deidis. See R129. P343 Where Poverty is, all love is clearly past cl520 Walter Spectacle B4''[21]: Where poverty is, all love is clerely past. Cf. Tilley P531. See L507, P334.

Prayer al449 Lydgate Freond in MP II 758.95: Preyse as thou fyndest in thyne opynioun. cl497 Medwall Fulgens F6''[29]: I wyll prayse as I fynde. See TIB.

P351 To Praise oneself is wrong (varied) al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 285[10-2]: For it is i-hated a man to make hymself curious in his owne preysinge. с1395 WBible Proverbs xxvii 2: Another man, and not thi mouth preise thee; a straunger, and not thi lippis preise thee. 1450 Diets 168.14-6: And thei askid him whate thing a man shulde not say though it were trouthe; he aunswered the preise of him-silve, 276.18-21. 1484 Caxton Aesop 229[l-2]: No fowler a thyng is to the man than with his mouth to preyse hym self. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 76[12-4]: For this is a proverbe sounding to veritie, Of thy proper mouth thy laude is not laudable. But other mens prayse is greatly commendable. Smith 238; Tilley M476, P547; Whiting Drama 242. See D155, M173.

P344 As thick as Povcder al300 Richard 355.5439-40: Quarellys, arwes also thykke gan flye, As it viiere poudyr in the P352 To Praise to one's face skye. al460 Towneley Plays 52.19-20: I shall 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio P5116]: I thi seede multyply. As thyk as powder on erthe am ashamyd to prayse the to thy face. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 295. may ly. Svartengren 398. P345 One must ever abow (yield) to him that P353 Great Praisers are commonly great lackers (blamers) has most Power cl300 South English Legendary II 616.184: For a 1470 Parker Dives M2''[2.4-5]: For comonly evere me mot him abowe that hath mest power. grete praysers be grete lackers. See LI7, 562. See B276. P354 Pray for yourself, I am not sick P346 Power, possession and richesse no man 1549 Heywood D 85.159: Pray for your selfe, I am not sicke. Apperson 510; Oxford 516; Tilley may set in sickemess al500 Salomon seyth in Person 52.11-2: Power, P551. possessyon and rychesse No man may sette yn P355 Much Prayer with little devotion sykernesse. 1546 Heywood D 96.197-8: Ave Maria (quoth he) how much mocion Here is to praiers, with P347 Practice in all touches the quick how littell devocion. Oxford 516; Tilley P552. 1546 Heywood D 28.32-6: Practyse in all, above all toucheth the quicke. Proofe uppon practise, P356 Prayer is (made) hardy (bold) with gifts must take holde more sure. Than any reasonyng 1481 Caxton Reynard 70[20]: The preyer is wyth by gesse can procure. If ye bryng practise in yeftes hardy. place, without fablyng, 1 wyll banysh both haste P357 A short Prayer pierces (thirls [pierces] and busy bablyng. Smith 236; Tilley P537a. See wins) heaven L409, P358. al400 Cloud 75.5: It is wretyn that schorl preier peersith heven. aI470 Parker Dives P348 Each Praise is to be sung at the end Ε7'·[1.8-22]: It is a comon proverbe, that a clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 56[27]: Aelc lof biö on shorte prayer thyrleth heven. Oracio brevis ende gesungen. See P39. pénétrât celum. . . . It is a comon proverbe P349 He must Praise himself since no man else of truantes, that soone be wery of theyr prayers, will and have more haste to the taverne than to holy cl450 Douce MS.52 49.60: I wyll prayse mychirche, and have more lykynge in the worlde selfe, syn no man ellys wyll. cl450 Rylands than in god. Nevertheles, yf it be well underMS.394 99.18. See N79. stande the proverbe is true, good and holy. al475 P350 To Praise as one finds Good Wyfe Wold 175.84: A schort prayer

Preach

470

wynnythe heyvyn, the Pater Noster and an Ave. cl475 Mankind 21.551: A schorte preyere thyrlyth hewyn: of thi preyere blyn. Apperson 567; Tilley P555.

Ρ358 Edmund Rich) hated fongers of giftes, and seide on Frensche, "Entre prendre et pendre is but ООП lettre alone." Latin (p. 230): Munerum acceptatores detestabatur, dicens Gallice, "Inter prendre et pendre unica dumtaxat distat iota."

P358 He Preaches that which he proves not cl378 Fiers В xiii 79: That he precheth he P368 Great Press at market makes dear ware preveth nought. See P347. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 521-3: With daunger P359 They Preach but do nothing as they preach oute we al oure chaffare; Greet prees at market a1400 Song against the Friars in Wright maketh deere ware. And to greet cheep is holde Political Poems I 268[l-2]: Ful vcysely can thai at litel prys. preche and say; Bot as thai preche no thing do thai. See L463. P369 Press has envy al439 Lydgate Fall II 533.2202-3: Hih clymbyng P360 Except the Preacher himself live well, up is medlid with disdeyn: Pres hath envie, as his predication helps never a deal it is ofte seyn. 1533 Heywood Pardoner B3'[34-5]: For that except the precher hym selfe lyve well, His P370 For Price nor prayer predycacyon vv^ll helpe never a dell. See L463. al500 Disciplina Clericalis 47[28]: For nothing price nor praier shal I syng. Cf. Taylor and P361 A Preacher should live perfectly and do Whiting 229: For love or money. as he teaches al450 Audelay 29.530-1: A prechur schuld lyve P371 He tines (loses) his Price (honor) that does parfytly And do as he techys truly. Apperson faintise (cowardice) at the end cI400 Alexander Buik I 78.2477-80: Bot he tynes 509. See L463. his mekill prys That at the end dois fantys. P362 Many a (good) Predication (sermon) comes Quha dois best at the ending, Thay have pryse of evil intention and maist loving. See E90, S163. cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 407-8: For certes, many a predicacioun Comth ofte tyme of yvel P372 To give Price (prick) and prick (price) entencioun. al400 Romaunt В 5763-4: For ofte cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 92.385: And such onn good predicacioun Cometh of evel entencioun. whom all menn gave price and pryke withoute comparicioun. al500 Medwall Nature F2*'[42]: P363 Not count a Preen (pin) Now forsoth I gyve the pryk and pryse. NED cl470 Wallace 168.910: Off courtlynes thai Prick 20. cownt him nocht a preyne. Whiting Scots II 112. P373 As sharply as a Prick al396(1494) Hilton Scale C4''[30]: It shal smyte P364 Not set a Preen upon thyne hert sharply as a prycke. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 47.1489: I set not by the prowdest of them a prane, 1523 Howe P374 To come to (drive nigh, be almost at, the Douty Duke II 72.163-4: We set nat a draw near) the Prick prane By suche a dronken drane. Whiting cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 119: Be war, therfore, Drama 359:787, Scots II 113. See P212. er thou come to that prikke, 1029: There is no man koude brynge hire to that prikke. cl400 P365 Not worth (half) a Preen Laud Troy I 196.6639-40: That he was dryven cl475 Henryson Ressoning 179.22: Nor of my so ney the prikke. That he myght not his lippis pith may pair of wirth a prene (var. half a likke. cl422 Hoccleve Lerne to Die 209.847: prene). al500 Thre Prestís 50.1191: To the thow Remembre or that he come to the prikke. 1431 thocht I was not worth ane prene. Oxford 500; Lydgate Defence in MP I 31.22-3: Constreyned Whiting Drama 359:787, Scots II 112-3. See was, and almost at the prikk Talefît hir song. P213. al460 Toumeley Plays 236.263: When it com to the pryk, 378.370: I trowd it drew nere the P366 To put a Preen in one's eyes al200 Ancrene 45.5: The fikelere blent mon and prik. 1528 More Heresyes 141 B[12-3]: This gere howe nere it goeth to the prik. put him preon i the ehe, al400 (Recluse) 36.18-9: Pryk, al500 (Royal) 11.20-1: prikes. P375 To hit (shoot nigh) the Prick cl400 Sowdone 65.2260: Thou kanste welle P367 Entre Prendre et pendre is but one letter al387 Higden-Trevisa VIH 231[l-3]: He (St. hit the prikke. 1546 Heywood D 28.31: Nowe

P385

471

ye shoote nie the pricke. Oxford 296; Tilley P571.

Pride Apperson 339; Jente 686; O φ r d 333; Taylor and Whiting 296; Tilley B680, F433; Whiting Drama 351:659, Scots II 113. See W20.

P376 To set the Prick c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve Regement 20.528: Ther wold P378 After Pride comes great reproof I fayne that were y-set the prikke. a l 4 0 0 Ipomadon A 29.941-3: It hathe byn sayd in lest of love, That aftur pryde comythe grette P377 To spurn against the Prick (varied) reprove, Of the wysest yet that was. See P385. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 390[9]: Derigendlic biÖ Se {)aet {íu spume ongean Jja gade. clSOO P379 Fie on Pride when men go naked South English Legendary I 265.27: Ayen the 1562 Heywood E 233.28.1: Fie on pride when prikke to wincy swuthe strong it is to the. men go nakte. See M267. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer Truth 11: Be war also to spome ayeyns an al. a l 3 9 3 Gower CA Π 229.116-7: P380 The higher in Pride the lower in pain c l 4 5 0 Jacob's Well 237.2: The heyghere in pride And thus myn hand ayein the pricke I hurte the lowere in peyne. See C296. and have do many day. c l 3 9 5 WBible Deeds of the Apostles, Prologue IV 507[24-5]: The apostlis, whom the Lord hadde chosun, that long tyme wynside ayen the pricke, ix 5: It is hard to thee, to kike ayens the pricke, xxii 7, xxvi 14. a I 4 0 0 Cursor III 1124 F 19625-8: Hit is to the ful harde and wik For to wirk a-gaine the prik, That is to say over might Againe thi lorde for to fight. a l 4 0 0 Scottish Legends I 44.542-3: For is it nocht hard to the Agane the brod thu for to prese? с1400 De Apostasia in Wyclif S E W III 436[6]: It is to hard to kyke ayen the spore. a I 4 0 2 Trevisa Dialogas 2 3 . 1 4 - 5 : Ye kiketh ayenus the prike of kynges. c l 4 2 5 Paues 146 (Acts 9.5): Hit es ful harde to the to kese (vars. kyse, kynse) agayne tho prikke, 192 (Acts 26.14): Hit es harde to the to kes {vars. kyce, kynse) agayne tho brodde (var. prikke). a I 4 3 0 hydga.tePilgrimage304.11136-9: Andlkan wynse ageyn the prykke. As wylde coltys in Arras, Or as bayard out off the tras, Tyl I a lassh have off the whyppe, 390.14459: Hard ys to spome ageyn an hai. c l 4 5 0 Idley 195.2212: Who spometh ayenst a thom, I holde hym madde. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 120[8]: Men seyn he is not wys that hurteleth ayens a sharp poynt. 1471 Ripley Compound 132[10-1]: But hard hyt ys with thy bare foote to spume, Agaynst a brodyke of lyron or Stele new acuatte. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 87''[2.22-3]: It is harde to the to stryve ayenste the nalle or prycke. 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio Q2''[14]; It is a foly to spom ageyns the pryk. с 1485 Conversion 34.184: Yt ys hard to pryke a-gayns the spore. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 7[16]: It is hard to spume agenst the sharp prykyl. 1513 More Richard 70 H[13-4]: I purpose not to spume againste a prick. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 44.21: It is foly to spron agaynst the prycke. 1525 Berners Froissart V 54[18-9]: He spumeth agaynst the pricke. 1546 Heywood D 72.87: Foly it is to spoume against a pricke.

P381 In Pride and poverty is great penance (pain) a l 4 7 5 Good Rule in Brown Lyrics XV 264.37: In pryde and poverte is gret penaunce. Cf. Apperson 511; Oxford 517. P382 The more Pride the more shame a l 5 0 0 Proverbs of Salomon 183.40.1: The more pryde the more schame. P383 Overdone Pride works (makes) naked side c l 3 5 0 Good Wife E 164.104-5: Overdon pride Wirchet (H Makyth) nakede side, a l 5 0 0 N 2 1 5 . 1 9 6 - 7 : Many folk for pride After weren a naked side. Apperson 512. See 0 6 3 , T86. P384 Pride brings many to woe (varied) c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 111.3749-51: I holde that power good every tyde That is with-oute the vice of pride, For offte it falles many to wo. c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun VI 229.6859-64: Swilk is casse of batalle. That pryde oftsyis wil gere fail That is apperande rieht likly To do oft tymys succudry; Messurabil is gud to be. And heyr proffer of honest(e). a l 4 2 5 Chester Plays I 14.119-20: Therfore I wame the, Lucifere, This pride will turne to great distresse, 19.253: Ahl wicked pryde aye work thee wo I с1485 Conversion 47.524-5: Who-so in pride beryth hym to hye. With mys(c)heff shalbe mekyd. Whiting Scots II 113. P385 Pride goes before and shame comes after a l 4 0 0 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.11: Pryde goyth be fore, and after comythe shame. a l 4 0 0 Tho oure lord god 319[40-1]: For ever pride schent his frend by day other by nyghte, For pride goth ay by fore and schame cometh after. c l 4 0 0 Additional MS.41321 f.lOlb in Owst Literature 42, n'^: As it is seid in comen proverbe—Pride goth bifore, and schame cometh after. c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun VI 15.3965-70: Aulde men in thar prowerbe sayis (var. For wissmen

Pride

472

in aid proverbis sayis): "Pride gays before, and schaym alwayis Folowis this syne allssa fast, And it ourtakis at the last." Sa pride ourtane is oft withe skaythe. Or withe schaym, or than withe bathe. al440 Palladius 31.213-4: War arrogaunce in taking thyng on honde, Ffor aftir pride in scom thou mayst assure. cl450 Douce MS.52 56.135. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.29. cl450 Idley 140.2000: and shame cometh behynde. cl450 Jaœb's Well 70.12. cl450 Rylands MS.394 107.23.1. al475 Good Rule in Brown Lyrics XV 265.71. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.22, 122.58. cl475 Thewis 178.52: For eftyr prid oft folowis schame. aI500 Merita Missae 153.170-1. al500 Ryght as small flodes 160.200: and shame cometh behynde. alSOO Hill 128.17, 131.24. 1509 Barclay Ship I I 164[21-2]: Therfore it is sayd (and true it is doutles) That pryde goth before, but shame do it ensue, 165[4], [12], [18-20], [27-8]. al529 Skelton Garnesche I 131.165. 1546 Heywood D 38.115, 1556 Spider 392[28]. Apperson 511; Oxford 518; Tilley P576; Whiting Drama 44. See B413, P378, 391, 426. P386 Pride goes before sorrow cl395 WBible Proverbs xvi 18: Pride goith bifore sorewe (al382: contricioun); and the spirit schal be enhaunsid byfor fallyng. Oxford 518. P387 Pride is man's bane el450 Rylands MS.394 llO.ix: Alias pride is manys bane. P388 Pride is the first seed of sorrow al400 Lavynham 5.29: Pride is the ferst seed of sorwe.

P386 prede, That ledeth thane flok. That of alle othere onlede Hys rote and eke stok. 1340 Ayenbite 16.11-2: The zenne of prede, vor thet wes the verste zenne and the aginninge of alle kueade. cl340 Rolle Psalter 24 (7.3): Pride, the whilk is rote of all illes, 71 (18.14): Pride, that is bigynnynge and cheson of all synn. al393 Gower CA I I 126.3309: Pride is the heved of alle Sinne. cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus χ 15: Pride is the bigynnyng of al synne. al396(1494) Hilton Scale H3''[3-4]: As the wyse man sayth . . . The begynnyng of all maner of synne is pryde. al400 Lavynham 2.6: Pride he (Seynt Gregory) seyth is rote of alle vicys. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 43[18]: The rote of al this (strife) is pryde. cl400 Vices and Virtue 11.14-5: Pride, for that was the first synne and bigynnyng of al evele. al410 Love Mirrour 82[12-3]: The bigynnynge of alle synne is pride. cl415 Middle English Sermons 68.3: The begynnynge of every synne is pride. al422 Lydgate Life 611.341-3: О pryde, alas, о Rote of our distresse! Though thy boste above the skyes blowe Thy bildyng high shall be brought full lowe! al439 Fall I 37.1338-9: Ye that be wise, considreth how the roote Off vicis alle is pride. al450 Desert 60.97: Pryde was begynnyng of all ill. cl450 Greene Carols 355.1: And pride is rot of every synne. cl450 Jacob's Well 78.13: Pride is roote of alle synnes. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 58.10-1: Bernardus: Pryde es be-gynnynge of al synne and cause of al undoynge. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 556-7: For hit is so that of the synne of pryde growe alle other vyces. al475 Tree 3.12: The begynnyng of alle synne is pride. cl475 Henryson Thre Deid Pollis 206.33: О wofull pryd, the rute of all distres. с1475 Wisdom 53.530-1: Pryde, wyche ys a-geyn kynde. And of synnys hede. 1483 Quatuor Sermones 27[30-l]: This synne of pryde sayth saynt gregore is rote of alle evyl. 1489 Caxton Doctrinal Κ8'·[26]: Pryde whyche is rote of alle synnes. al500 Medwall Nature C3''[20]: Ye (Pride) be radix viciorum. Rote of all vertew, H4''[28]: The rote of all syn ys Pryde. 1504 Hawes Example СсГ[22-4]: Eschew also the synne of pryde. The moder and the fervent rote Of all the synnes. 1522 More Treatyce 82 G[10-l]: Pride, the mischievous mother of al maner vice, 1528 Heresyes 282 DE: For pryde is, as saynt Austine sayeth, the verye mother of all heresies, 1534 Passion 1273 B[4-7]: Pride . . . is . . . the heade and roote of all other sinnes. Tilley P578; Whiting Scots II 114. See V7.

P389 Pride is the root of all evils (varied) alOOO Vercelli Homilies 55.25-56.26: Ofer-hysd, sio is cwen eallra yfla. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I I 220[33-4]: Se eahteoöa leahter is modignys. Se leahter is ord and ende aelces yfeles. Lives I 358.306-8: Seo eahteoSe leahter is superbia gehaten, jjœt is on aenglisc modignyss gecweden, Seo is ord and ende aelcere synne. Pastoral Letter 204 О 151: Sec modisniss is aelces yfeles ord and ende, с1000 Ammonitio amici in Napier 249.6-7: Seo modignyss ys ealra unjjeawa anginn and ealra masgna hryre. clOOO Larspel in Napier 245.12-3: Se forma is œlces yfeles ord, se is superbia gehaten. cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 5.7-8: Superbia, that is, modinesse . . . was anginn of alle sennes. al225 Lambeth Homilies 103[33-4] (Aelfric's Homily as above): Superbia, thet is on englisc, modinesse. Heo is ord and ende of alle uvele. al333 Shoreham Poems 107.233-6: The ferste pryns hys P390

Pride makes its master m e (varied)

P400

473

cl500 Proper tretyse 245[6]: Pride will make hys master commonly to raw. al533 Berners Arthur 95[5]: Pryde dooth oftentymes many harmes to his mayster, 96[5-6]: Pryde always overthroweth his maister. Cf. Tilley P581, quote 1721.

Priest

al529 Skelton Gamesche I 131.158-9: I have red, and rede I xall, Inordynate pride wyll have a falle. 1546 Heywood D 38.114: Pryde wyll have a fall. Apperson 512; Oxford 518; Taylor and Whiting 296; Tilley P581; Whiting Drama 81, 158, Scots II 113. See S341.

P391 Pride must needs have a shame P394 Privy Pride in peace is (a) nettle in arbor 1528 More Heresyes 256 A[15-6]: Pride, as the (garden) proverbe is, must nedes have a shame. See P385. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 280[3-4] Exemplum (in margin): Prive pride in pes es P392 The Pride of the morning nettille in herbere. The rose is myghtles, ther al475 Talk of Ten Wives 30[l-3]: I mett hym nettille spredis over fer. See F68. (penis) in the morowe tyde, When he was in his moste pryde. The lenghte of .iii. bene. Eric Part- P395 Through poor Pride many are shent (ruined) ridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional cl400 Alexander Buik II 184.2960: Throw pure English (5th ed.. New York, 1962) 659. Cf. Oxpryde ar mony shent. See M267. ford 518. P393 Pride will have a fall (varied) cl340 Rolle Psalter 438 (120.3): Pride kastis men doun. al393 Cower CA II 119.3065-6: That thogh it mounte for a throwe, It (pride) schal doun falle and overthrowe. cl400 Cleges 41.96: Ffor fallyd was hys pride. al425 Chester Plays I 27.167-8: But pride cast me downe, I-wis, From heaven right to hell. al450 Castle 140. 2096-7: For, whanne Lucyfer to helle iy\. Pride, ther-of thou were chesun. al450 Thorowowt a pales in Dyboski 96.71: The syne of pryde will have a fall. cl450 Hay Alexander 21[2.7-10]: And comounli befoir a gret mischance Thare cumis ane blythnes vithe ane arrogance, And thare vithe cumis ane velthful vantones vithe all. And comounlie sone efter cumis ane fall. cl450 Holland Howlat 79.932-6: Thy pryde . . . approchis our hie Lyke Lucifer in estaite; And sen thow art so elate. As the Ewangelist wrait, Thow sal lawe be, 80.960-2: I may be sampill heir eft. That pryde never yit left His feir but a fall. al460 Towneley Plays 100-1.12-8: Ffor he that most may When he syttys in pryde. When it comys on assay is kesten downe wyde, This is seyn; When ryches is he, Then comys poverte, Hors-man Jak cope Walkys then, I weyn. a1475 Ludus Coventriae 18.66-7: Thu lucyfere, ffor thi mekyl pryde I bydde the ffalle from hefne to helle. cl475 Henryson Fables 24.593^: Fy! puft up pryde, thow is full poysonabill; Quba favoris the on force man haif ane fall. 1509 Barclay Ship II 159[14]: Foule pryde wyll have a fall, [28]: Thus had his folysshe pryde a grevous fall, 161[28]: The pride in tham at last sholde have a fall, 163[6-7]: Thousandes are deceyved and brought to wofull fall By pryde. 1518 Nevill Castell 97.567: On cruell Cupyde your pryde wyll have a fall.

P396 Young Pride is stanched (ended) soon cl400 Alexander Bulk I 76.2411-4: For, fra ane child be ston(a)yit. He sal be thairof sa mismayit That all his gude deid sal be done. For young pryde is stanshit sone. P397 Do as the Priest says, but not as the priest does clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 242[22-4]: And doS swa swa Crist tashte, "Gif se lareow wel taece and yfele bysnige, doS swa swa he taecö, and na be Öam |зе he bysnaS," II 48-50: Gif se lareow riht tasce, do gehwa swa swa he taecS; and gif he yfel bysnige, ne do ge na be his gebysnungum, ac doô swa swa he taecö, 68[15]: DoS swa swa hi taecaô, and ne do ge swa swa hi doS. cl450 Douce MS.52 53.101: Thow shall do, as the preste says, but not as the preste doos. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.3. al500 Remedie of Love СССХХ1Г[1.18-9]: He maie saie with our parishe prest. Doe as 1 saie, and not as I do. Tilley D394, F673. See C514, L463. P398 Each Priest praises his own relics cl450 Rylands MS.394 104.12: Eche preste preyseth his awgh relikes. Oxford 518. P399 A Priest's child shall never be blessed cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 124.75: A preste-ys chyld schall never be blessyd. P400 To be one's Priest аХЗОО Richard 350.5315-6: Hys lyff fforsothe nought longe lest, Ffor Kyng R. was his preeste. al400 Gtii/5 xli[161: Traytour . . . I sal be thy Prest. al400 Ipomadon A 93.3204-6: He sette syr Amfyon so hard, That never afterward He nede prest to asse. al450 Generydes A 121. 3856-8: That the Iren with the hawberk met Right ageyn the self brest; Wel nigh it had ben

Prince

474

P401

an over longe thyng. See M524, 582, 775, P262, his prest. al500 Guy^ 145.4715-6: Lye there . . . S471, T159. e vili mote thou thee! For my priest shalt thou never be! c l 5 0 5 Watson Valentine 76.34-5: If P409 Great Promise small performance ony of them touched Orson . . . he should be 1560 Heywood E 205.10.3: Great promise, small his preest (French [p. 331]: La vie luy osterà). performance. Apperson 271; Smith 243; Tilley Tilley P587; Whiting Scots II 114. See 0 5 0 . P602. See B4I7, H371, M779. P401 As proud as a Prince P410 Trust not in the Promises of lords c l 3 0 0 Amis 22.495: As prince prout in pride, 1471 Paston V 126[23-4]: Trost not mych up 58.1380, 61.1458, cf. 30.688. cl350 Libeaus on promyses of lordis now a days. See W374. 48.861: As princes proude in pride, cf. 29.496, 46.822. cl400 Plowman's Tale 179.999: He is as P411 To be large in Promisings and small givers 1474 Caxton Chesse 70.24-5: They ben large proud as prince in pall. Cf. Svartengren 67: in promysynges and smale gyvers. See B414, princess. 417, H37I, M779. P402 It is not lost that is lent to the Prince P412 By the Proof things are known c l 4 5 8 Knyghthode and Batalle 42.1124: It cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 102.200: But by the loseth not, that to the prince is lent. prefe bene thyng(e)s knowne and wiste. P403 Such Prince such household 1532 Berners Golden Boke 190.2345-6: And P413 The Proof of all will be in the fine (end) aI450 Partonope 439.10873: The prefe of all suche as the prince is, suche shalbe his housewole be in the fyn. See E81. holde. O^ord 519; Smith 242. See C34, J71, L455, M408, P135. P414 Proof upon practice 1546 Heywood D 28.33-4: Proofe uppon P404 To break Priscian's head practise, must take holde more sure. Than any aI522 Skelton Speke II 9.176: Frisians hed reasonyng by gesse can procure. Tilley P609. broken now handy dandy. Apperson 513; Oxford 62; Tilley P595. P415 All is not Prophecy that good men preach in pulpit P405 Prodigality is the mother of poverty c l 4 5 6 Pecock Faith 151[6-9]: It is not al trewe al393 Gower CA III 291.2162-3: Prodegalite, that bi holi men is in parchimyn ynkid, neither Which is the moder of poverte. al is profecie that is of good men in pulpit P406 Better to have more Profit and less honor prechid. c l 5 0 0 Melusine 238.8-9: And some saith that bettre is to have more of prouffyt and lasse P416 A Prophet is not without honor save in honour. Tilley P598. his own country clOOO WSG Matthew xiii 57: Nys nan witega P407 Through proper (private) Profit, privy hate butan wur]3scype, buton on hys earde and on and young men's counsel Britain was lost hys huse, Mark vi 4: SoÔlice nis nan witega al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 506.14595-600: buton wuröscipe, buton on his eSele, and on Of eighte that he (Bede) wrytes, y telle the thre. his masgSe, and on his huse, Luke iv 24, John In stede of an autorite: Propre profit, and pryve iv 44. cl395 WBible Matthew xiii 57: A profete hate, Yonge mennes conseil they toke algate; is not with onte worschip, but in his owen Ffor by all thyse thre they ches. And mest cuntre, and in his owen hous, Mark vi 4: That thorow thyse, Bretayne they les. (Not found in a profete is not without onoure, but in his ovrae Bade or in any of Robert's sources.) cuntrey, and among his kynne, and in his hous, Luke iv 24, John iv 44. c l 4 0 0 Pepysian Gospel P408 Flee Prolixity (varied) 18.28-30: For whi no prophete is so mychel с 1385 Chaucer TC ii 1564: But fle we now prolixitee best is, c l 3 9 5 CT V[F] 404-5: The savour honoured in his owen cuntree as he is in passeth ever lenger the moore. For fulsomnesse straunge cuntrees, 26.9-11: And Jesus . . . seide of his prolixitee. cl420 Wyntoun IV 127.1-3: that prophetes weren over al honoured save in Clerkys sayis that prolixité, That langsumnes her owen cuntre, 44.9-11. al485 Malory 1 may callit be, Genderis leth mar than delyte, cxxiii.11-3 (Caxton's Preface): Sauf onelye it 190.769-70: For all thar dedis to record Sail do accordeth to the word of God, whyche sayth prolixité and nocht conford. cl502 Lyfe of that no man is accept for a prophete in his Joseph 48.349-50: And this I knowe well, both owne contreye. 1487 Caxton Book of Good in prose, ryme, and verse. Men love nat to rede Manners G7''[21-2]: Sayde Jhu Cryste that

P433

475

Pudding

noman is accepte for a prophète in his owen P428 None so Proud as he that is preferred to contreye. Jente 635; Oxford 520-1; Taylor and high estate out of poverty Whiting 297; Tilley M329-30. al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 816.105-7: Is noon so proude, pompous in dignyte. As he that is so P417 In Prosperity a man shall not know his sodeynly preferryd To hih estaat, and out of friends povertà. See C271. al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 199 n.^: In tyme of prosperitie, a man shall not knowe P429 Prove (Assay, Try) ere you purpose (plain, his frendes, and in adversitie an ennemye will trust, trow, take, love, praise) al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.68: And prave not be hidde. See A56. well, ore thou purpose, (II) 222.46: Prove wel, P418 In Prosperity men may find friends who are or thou pleyn. cl440 Scrope Epistle of Othea full unkind in adversity 81[4-5]: And Hermes seith that thou shuldest cl500 Everyman 12.309-10: It is sayd in prospreve a man afore or that thou trost hym to peryte men frendes may fynde, Whiche in adgretely. al450 Myne awen dere 154.173-4: versytye be full unkynde. Apperson 514; Oxford Tharfore I counseile the that thou Prove any 521; Tilley T301. person er thou trowe. cl450 Consail and fetching 76.357-8: And lipin nocht in a new-cumyne P4I9 In Prosperity remember adversity aI500 Leconfield Proverbs 485[5-6]: In tyme gest, Lat uthire hyme prüf ore thow hyme of prospérité Remember adversite. Apperson traist. cl450 Epistle of Othea 110.1-2: Seyth the philosophre hermes: Prove the man or thu 514; Tilley P610. have grett truste in hym. cl450 Greene Carols P420 Prosperity in earth is but a dream 338.3: Preve or ye take. al470 Tiptoft Tullius 1501 Douglas Palice 74.19; Prosperitie in eird C7''[17-8]: We may saye, when ye have preved, is bot a dreme. thenne love. al475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.59: Asay or ever thow trust. 1489 Caxton Fayttes P421 Prosperity is blind 105.30-106.1: The teching of the wise that sayth 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 26.33-4: But 1 have prove the man or ye truste hym muche. al500 herd men seye longe ago, "Prosperitee is blynd Against Hasty Marriage, I in Bobbins 37.1: Prove and see ne may." See P423. or thow preyse yt. alSOO MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 210 n.^: Try and then trust, quod P422 Prosperity is transitory bodyll. 1504 Hawes Example Aa5^'[13]: Prove 1463 Ashby Prisoner 8.220: But transitory ys or thou love. Apperson 651; Oxford 675; Tilley prosperyte. Whiting Scots II 114. See W151, T595; Whiting Scots II 146. See A232, F625, 671. 658, KlOl, T204. P423 Prosperity makes us blind 1556 Heywood Spider 427[6]: Prospérité . . . P430 Long Provision makes sure possession makth us blinde. See P421. 1525 Berners Froissart V 110[36-7]: It is sayd, longe provysion before, maketh sure possessyon. P424 When temporal Prosperity is most flowing then is an ebb of adversity most to be dreaded P431 Pompous Provision comes not all of glut1422 Lydgate Serpent 55.20-2: Whan eny tony but sometimes of pride 1549 Heywood D 84.131-2: But pompous protemperall prospérité is moste flowenge in felicite than is a sodeyn ebbe of adversite moste to be vision, comth not all, alway Of glottony, but of pryde sometyme, some say. Oxford 510; Tilley dradde. See E41. P617. P425 Proteus could change in every shape al400 Romaunt С 6319-20: For Protheus, that P432 There is a Pudding (sausage) in the pot cowde hym chaunge In every shap, homly and al460 Towneley Plays 20.386-7: Harstow, boy? ther is a podyng in the pot; Take the that, boy, straunge. Oxford 579; Tilley S285. tak the thati P426 He that is Proud is often shamed cl340 Rolle Psalter 119 (33.5): Bot he that is P433 To spring like a Pudding out of an arbalest (crossbow) proud shames ofte. See P385. cl450 Chaunce 11.214-6: But soothe hyt is that P427 Most Proud most fool slouthe Yow maystred hath and that is somedel 1556 Heywood Spider 198[10]: But most prowde, routhe, Ffor out of Arwblaste as puddyng doth most foole, as flies proverbes conteine. ye springe.

Pudding-prick

476

P434

P434 To pinch at the payment of a Pudding- myn owne purse. Cf. Claude M. Simpson The prick British Broadside and its Music (New Brunswick, cl516 Skelton Magnificence 66.2122: And pynche N.J., 1966) pp. 262-3: Gramercy Fenny. at the payment of a poddynge prycke. NED P443 He shall never cut a Purse Pudding-prick. 1518 Watson Oliver НГ[9-10]: The knyght that he hathe smyten downe shal never cut no P435 To come in Pudding-time 1546 Heywood D 97.224: This geare comth purse. even in puddyng time. Apperson 516; Oxford P444 Light Purse heavy heart 523; Tilley P634. al439 Lydgate Fall III 1014.3343: Herte hevy P436 The most Puissant is the first honored and purs lyght. Apperson 364-5; Tilley P659. cl505 Watson Valentine 285.2-3: Evermore the See P454. moost puyssaunt is the fyrste honoured. See P445 One's Purse is his best (own) friend M265, 274. al450 Castle 152.2521-2: And thou schalt fynde, P437 To Pull (pluck) without scalding soth to sey, Thi purs schal be thi best(e) frende. al400 Romaunt С 6820: Withoute scaldyng al500 Greene Carols 391.1: In every plas qwere they hem pulle. that I wende My pur(se) is my owne frende. Tilley P656. P438 One's Purchase is better than his rent (varied) P446 The (Thy) Purse is threadbare С1387-95 Chaucer CT 1[A] 256: His purchas 1546 Heywood D 32.64: The purs is threede was wel bettre than his rente, cl395 111[D] bare, 1555 E 192.269: Thy. Tilley P661. 1451: My purchas is th effect of al my rente. al400 Romaunt С 6838: My purchace is bettir P447 The Purse stole the money cl475 Gregory Chronicle 214-5: But as for the than my rente. al460 Towneley Plays 233.161-2: mony, I wot not howe hit was departyd; I He gettis more by purches Then bi his fre rent. trowe the pursse stale the mony. NED Purchase 4. P439 As nice as (the) Purse (?skin) of an ay (egg) P448 To be hanged by the Purse с 1350 Gamelyn 667.885: He was hanged by the cl440 Charles of Orleans 140.4193: Be nyse nekke and nought by the purs. al449 Lydgate myn hert as purse is of an ay, 160.4779: What World in MP II 846.81: The eraunt theef is nys quod she as purse is of an ay. P. xlii: "Most probably points to some Kentish pro- hange be the purs. Whiting Scots II 114-5. verb;" note II 29: "as delicate as an eggshell." See B639, P302. P449 To be Purse sick and lack a physician P440 As round as (a) Purse cl460 Satirical Description 200[4]: Here jowys 1546 Heywood D 50.307: For he is purs sicke, and lackth a phisicion. See S328. been rownde as purs. P441 Be it better, be it worse, do after him P450 To find in one's Purse God's curse cl450 Pryd pryd wo in Proceedings of the Royal that bears the Purse с1450 Douce MS.52 49.64: Do thow better, do Irish Academy 41(1932-3) Sec. С 207.11-2: He thow worse, Do after hym, that beryth the putth hys hand in hys powrs, cum nichyll intus purse. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 120.32: Be fuerat. He ffownd none ther saw godeys cowrs, hit beter be hit werse fob hym that berit the hoc non sibi(?) deerat. See P115. pursse. al500 Additional MS.37075 278.21: Be P451 To give one's Purse a purgation lyt better, be hyt worse, folow hym that beryth 1546 Heywood D 50.304: Ye would, by my the purse. al500 Hill 130.7. 1546 Heywood D purs, geve me a purgación. Apperson 517; 26.28: Dooe ye after him. Apperson 29; Oxford Tilley P663. 25; Tilley P646. P452 To line one's Purse P442 Gramercy mine own Purse cl450 Greene Carols 390: Syng we alle, and sey cl515 Barclay Eclogues 140.7-8: He had a pautner with purses manyfolde. And surely we thus: "Gramersy myn owyn purs," al500 lined with silver and with golde. Oxford 370; 391. al500 A faythfull frende in [Joseph HasleTilley P664. wood] The Book Containing the Treastise of Hunting (1496), etc. (London, 1810) E5''[21-2]: P453 To ring in one's Purse By this matere I saye in sawe. Ever gramercy al475 Ludus Coventriae 123.25-6: And loke ye

P456

477

rynge wele in your purs, Ffor ellys your cawse may spede the wurs. P454 When the Purse is heavy the heart is light cl515 Barclay Eclogues 140.20: When purse is heavy oftetime the heart is light. Apperson 296; Tilley P655. See P444. P455

Who will drink, unbuckle his Purse

Purse al500 Additional MS.37075 278.26: Who wull drynke, unbokyll hys purs.

P456 Purse penniless al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 452.103-4: A pore beggere for to be vengable. Purs Penylees in plees may never the, Ryme in MP II 794.74: A powche fill of straw, a prowde purs penyles. aI460 Towneley Plays 101.32-3: I may syng With purs penneles.

Q Q1 As still as a Quail cl380 Pearl 39.1085: I stod as stylle as dased quayle. Q2 To abide no more than the Quail abides the sparhawk cl477 Caxton Jason 58.18-9: They wold nomore abide him thenne the quayle abideth the sperhauke. Q3 To couch like a Quail cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1206: And thou shalt make hym couche as doth a quaille. Oxford 111.

Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 105.93: Into a stinkand river. That under the mounteyn ran о fer As quarel of alblast, 111.189: Thay flowe fram him as quarel of alblast. 1340 Ayenbite 71[13-5]: Al hit ys ywent wel rathre thanne . . . quarel of arblaste. cl400 Vices and Virtues 69.5-7: Al is passed; ye, sonner than . . . a quarel of an arblawst. cl450 Merlin II 533[ll-2]: As quarell cute of arblast for swyftnesse of his horse. 1484 Caxton Royal Book G2''[4-5]: Moche faster fledde fro us than . . . quarelles oute of a crosse bowe, 1485 Charles 157.26: It (a river) ranne lyke a quarel out of a crosbowe. See A190.

Q4 To go (play) couch Quail al450 Castle 148.2386: I wyl gon cowche qwayl Quarrel, sb.^ (so MS.). cl522 Skelton Speke Π 21.420: To Q8 False Quarrel comes to evil end lowre, to droupe, to knele, to stowpe, and to cl400 Toulouse 225.130-2: Soche grace god hym play cowche quale. 1533 More Confutación 586 send. That false quarrel comes to evell end For D[3-4]: And make them couch quaile. NED oght, that may betyde. See F51. Couch-quail. Q9 In any Quarrel gold has most might Q5 Quaintise (cunning) overcomes all things al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 816.100: In ony al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 308.8798-802: quarell gold hath ay moost myght. See C296. Queyntise over-cometh alle thynge. Strengthe ys god wyth travaille; Ther strengthe ne may, QIO To catch a Quarrel against absent folk sleyght wil availle; Sleyght and connyng doth al439 Lydgate Fall II 438.3925-7: For princis many a chare, Begynneth thyng that strengthe ofte, of furious hastynesse, Wil cachche a ne dar. See C6I5, L381. qu(a)rel, caúseles in sentence, Ageyn folk absent, thouh ther be non oflFence. Apperson 1; Oxford Q6 To ask after the Quantity rather than the 1; Tilley P86. quality cl385 Usk 62.38-9: Commenly, suche asken Q l l To pick a Quarrel rather after the quantité than after the qualité. 1449 Paston II 106[16-7]: The seyde parsone Cf. Whiting Scoto II 115. . . . hathe pekyd a qwarell to on Mastyr Recheforthe. cl499 Skelton Bowge I 42.314: Fyrste Quarrel, sb.i pycke a quarell. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 188[1]: Q7 To fly (go, ran) like a Quarrel out of arbalest He begynneth to руке or fyndeth a quarel of my Wördes. Apperson 492-3; Tilley Q3. (cross-bow) al300 Arthour and M.i 54.1848-9: Ac so quarel Quarrel, vb. of alblast Thai flowen thider right anon. al300 Richard 218.2537-8: The galeye wente alsoo Q12 Those do not Quarrel who are not together fast, As quarel out o£F the arweblast. cl300 cl025 Durham Proverbs 12.18: {)a ne sacaS Jie 478

Q20

479

aetsamne ne beoS. Soli illi non contendunt qui in unum non conveniunt.

Quietness toucheth the quicke. Apperson 642; Oxford 667; Tilley Q13.

Q13 To have (give) the four Quarters of a Q16 To wag like a Quick-mire (quagmire) knave c l 3 9 5 Pierce 9.226: That all wagged his fleche c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnifiœnce 37.1166: Thou as a quyk myre. haste the four quarters of a knave, 70.2252: In faythe, I gyve the four quarters of a knave. Q17 As clear as Quicksilver c l 4 0 8 Lydgate Reson 4.123-4: And the wellys Q14 The Quick and the dead thanne appare As . . . quyk sylver clere. ciaOO Robert of Gloucester I 429.5877: Vor me halt evere mid the quike, the dede was sona Q18 To ran like Quicksilver al420 Lydgate Troy 1215.2457-8: And the water, stille, 467.6428: Vor the dede was voryite and as I reherse can. Like quik-silvar in his stremys the quike vor to paye. c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary I 113.92. cl475 Henryson Fables 21.522: Let quik to quik, and deid ga to the deid. Apperson 375:38; Oxford 376; Tilley Q12. Q19 Better is Quiet than riches with trouble al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 580.408: Better Q15 To go near (touch one on) the Quick ys quyete, than troble with ryches. See M700. al470 Tiptoft Tullius A6''[8-9]: I wil not go so nere the quycke as to saye that it may not be. Q20 Quietness is great richesse c l 5 4 5 Heywood Four PP C l ' ^ - l O ] : And sure I c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 50.1611: As yf a man fortune to touche you on the quyke. 1546 thynke that quietnesse In any man is great rychesse. Oxford 529; Tilley Q15. Heywood D 28.32: Practyse is all, above all

R in the Connsell. Mar. He that etyth Radyssh R I R is the dog's letter 1509 Barclay Ship I 182[15-8]: This man maly- rotys coughyth above and undyr. cious whiche troubled is with wrath Nought els R8 As rude as a Raft {rafter) soundeth but the hoorse letter R, Thoughe all c l 4 2 5 Avowynge 69[18-9]: And aythir gripus a be well, yet he none answere hath Save the Schafte, Was als rude as a rafte. dogges letter, glowmynge with nar nar. Oxford R9 Ragman (roll) 530; Tilley R l . al393 Gower CA III 451.2377-9: Venus, which R2 Who will change a Rabbit for a rat stant withoute lawe In noncertein, bot as men 1549 Heywood D 87.254: Who the divell will drawe Of Rageman upon the chance. c l 3 9 5 chaunge a rabet for a rat? Apperson 520; OxPierce 7.179-80: Ther is none heraud that hath ford 530; Tilley R3. halt swich a rolle. Right as a rageman hath R3 To run (hunt) about like a Rache {hunting rekned hem newe. c l 4 0 5 Mum 72.1565-6: There is a raggeman rolle that Ragenelle hymself Hath dog) Boothe al393 Gower CA III 66.4387-8: With his bro- made of mayntennance. с 1450 Bishop cours, that renne aboute Lieh unto racches in a in Wright Political Poems II 228[12]: And riken route. 1471 Ripley Compound 155[12]: They up the ragmanne of the hole rowte. al460 Towneley Plays 374.224: Here a roll of ragman of hunt about as doth a Rache. the rownde tabill. alSOO Ragman Roll 68: Here R4 As swift as the Rack in the air begynnyth Ragmane roelle, 69[5]: Kynge Ragc l 4 1 0 Lovelich Grail III 13.385-6: For the man bad me sowe in brede. 1523 Skelton GarSchipe wente . . . Swiftere than the Rakke In lande I 420.1490: Apollo to rase out of her ragthe Eyr be kynd. man rollis. 1532 More Confutación 424 C[4-5]: I had rehersed up a Ragmans rol of a rabie of R5 At Rack and manger heretikes, 653 E[12-3]: In all theyr whole с 1378 Purvey De Officio Pastorali in Wyclif Pardoner EW 435[6-8]: It is worse to have a womman raggemans rolle. 1533 Heywood with-ynne or with-oute at racke and at manger. B3''[24]: To publysh his ragman rolles with lyes. NED Ragman^ 3, Ragman's Roll; Whiting Drama Apperson 520; Oxford 530; Tilley R4. 360:795. R6 To play Racket c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC iv 460: But kanstow pleyen RIO To shine like a newly smoothed Rail {dress) raket, to and fro? c l 3 8 5 Usk 13.166-7: Ye wete a900 Old English Martyrology 206.26-7: Heo wel . . . that 1 have not played raket, "nettil glytenode . . . swa . . . nigslicod hraegel. T. N. in, docke out," and with the wether-cocke Toller Supplement To An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary waved. Apperson 500. (Oxford, 1921), s.v. Niw-slicod. R7 Radish roots are good meat but they stink R l l After the Rain comes the fair weather in the council 1484 Caxton Aesop 43[6-7]: And after the rayne 1492 Salomon and Marcolphw 8[21-3]: Salomon. cometh the fair weder. Apperson 520-1; Tilley The radissh rotys are good mete but they stynke R8. See C315, D41. 480

R23

481

Rake

R12 As thick as Rain rayne abatyth a grete wynd. 1533 Heywood al300 Richard 244.2969-70: He gaderede his Weather CI''[26]: Downe commeth the rayne folk togedere, As thykke as rayn falles in wedere, and setteth the wynde at rest, D4''[7]: For 355.5439-40 (шг.): Quarellys, arwes also thykke plenty of rayne to set the wynde at rest. Apgan flye, As doth the rayne that falleth in the person 521; Jente 786; Oxford 531; A. A. skye. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 240.6827: Prins in English Studies 29(1948) 146-50; Tilley The arewes come so thykke so reyn. al400 R16. Alexander С 228.4175-6: Than fell thar fra the firmament as it ware fell sparkis, Ropand doun R16 To rap on like Rain Targe 117.195: The о rede fire than any rayn thikire. cÌ400 Laud al508 Dunbar Coldyn schour of arowis rappit on as rayn. Troy I 311.10555-6: The rayn fel nevere so thike on rise As Ector sclow his enemys. c l 4 0 0 R17 To run down like Rain Plowman's Tale 189.1345: His foules, that al400 Ipomadon A 160.5668-9: The blod ranne flewen as thycke as rayn. c l 4 5 0 Greene Carols down fro his wondes wyde, As hit was droppus 312.2: As dropys of reyn they comyn thikke, off rayne. al400 Morte Arthure 24.795: Rynnande And every arwe with other gan mete. c l 4 5 0 on reede blode as rayne of the heven. c l 4 0 0 Merlin II 21Ц28-9]: For ther sholde ye have Laud Troy I 221.7502: The swot ran doun—so sein knyghtes and sergeauntes falle as thikke as doth the rayn. al470 Malory II 625.33: The hote it hadde be reyn. 1481 Caxton Codeffroy 108. bloode ran downe as hit had bene rayne. Whit36-7: They shotte so thycke upon our peple ing Scots II 115. that there was never rayn . . . so like. c l 5 0 0 Melusine 367.23-4: There fell upon the kyng R18 To trickle down like Rain (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) gret and pesaunt strokes, as thykk as rayn falleth fro the skye. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 260.69-70: c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 674[Β1864]: His salte Terys, all invayn, Furtìi gettyng our hys chekis teeris trikled doun as reyn. al400 Song of "Sins" thyk as rayn. Svartengren 398-9. See D411, H13. in Brown Lyrics XV 230.17-8: And if thou schryve the of thi synnes Thei wasche a-way as R13 As unimete (immeasurable) as Rain (rime dothe the rayne. al500 Guy* 212.7049: They smitten togither as rayne and thonder. cl500 [hoar frost]) al200 Lawman III 140.28523-5: Fole unimete, Lyfe of Roberte 246.704: As rayne the teares Ridinde and ganninde, Swa the rim (B ren) fell fro hys eyes. al513 Dunbar Of the Warldis Instabilitie 29.27: Purpos dois change as . . . rane. falleth adune. R14 He that dreads any Rain to sow shall have R19 When the Rain rains and the goose winks, etc. bare bams 1523 Skelton Garlande I 418.1430-1: Yet whan c l 3 8 5 Usk 23.84-5: He that dredeth any rayn, the rayne rayneth and the gose wynkith, Lytill to sowe his comes, he shal have than (bare) wotith the goslyng what the gose thynkith. bemes. See T298. Apperson 522; Oxford 531; Tilley R19. R15 A little Rain lays a great wind [varied) a1200 Ancrene 126.14-5: Eft me seith and soth R20 One may not reach the Rainbow hit is, that a muche wind alith with alute rein. al400 Alexander С 142.2466: And roomes noght al300 Alisaunder 75.1309-10: A grete storme is at the ray(n)bowe that reche ye ne may (Latin falle by a reyn—Sone wil he daunten thine meyn. [p. 302]: Ad altissima). al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 122.2: As men seth often, a litel rayn felleth a gret wynde. cl430 R21 To sit on the Rainbow al500 Thre Prestís 26.407: Than heyly to sit Lydgate Dance 56.448: And wyndes grete gon doune with litel reyne. 1471 Caxton Recuyell on the Rayne-bow. II 461.10-1: But certayn, lyke as a small rayne abatyth or leyth doun a grete wynde. 1478 R22 Of thin Rain-showers the earth is flooded clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 466[7-8]: Oft of Rivers Morale Proverbes [4.10]: And litle reyne Sinnum ren-scumm flewö seo eoröe. See D4I2. dooth a great wynd abate. c l 5 0 0 Melusine 247.33. 1506 Barclay Castell E5''[ll-2]: We have R23 As lean as a (any) Rake oft sene grete wyndes blowe, And with a lytell С 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 287: As leene was rayne overcome. al533 Berners Huon 39.11-4: his hors as is a rake. al475 Lord, how shall I There is a comon proverbe the which hath in Dyboski 120.46: I wex as lene as any rake. begylyd many a man: it is sayd that a small al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 79.913: Leane as a rake.

Rake

482

R24

1555 Heywood E 152.42.2: And yet art thou R31 In Rancor without remedy is no avail 1456 Five Dogs of London 190.20: And yn rancur skyn and bone, leane as a rake. Apperson 356; Oxford 357; Tilley R22; Whiting Scots 11 115. with-owte remedy ys none avayle. See R81. R32 Oft Rape (haste) mes R24 As rank (strong) as a Rake cl450 Holland Howlat 54.216: Was dene rurale с1250 Hendyng О 198-9.40: Ofte rape reweth. cl300 Amis 29.656-7: Bithenk hou oft rape wil to reid, rank as a raike. NED Rake sb.^ lb. rewe And tum to grame wel grille. al325 R25 Not worth (avail) a Rake-steel {rakehandle) Hendyng С 190.43: Oft and lome rake ful rewit. cl395 Chaucer CT 111[D] 949: But that tale is al393 Gower CA II 270.1625: Men sen alday nat worth a rake-stele. cl450 Capgrave that rape reweth. a1400 Proverbia of Wysdom Katharine 326.2009: Youre resons, lady, avayle 244.40: Fore ofte rape rewythe at last. 1469 not a rake-stele. Paston V 11 [23]: For oftyn tyme rape rueth, 1473 V 174[17-8]. Apperson 288; Kneuer 47-8; R26 As crooked as Ram's homs al500 Guy'^ 191.6308: His teeth crooked as Oxford 533; Schleich 267-8; Singer 111 135; rammes homes. Apperson 122; Taylor and Whit- Skeat 155. See H159, R65, 90. ing 303. R33 It may not help to Rape (hasten) R27 As right as a Ram's horn (varied) cl325 Levedy a(n)d my love in Rei. Ant. II 19[4]: As ryt as ramis om. el400 Beryn 6.152: And a red (it) also right as (wolde) Rammys homyd. cl405 Mum 77.1725: And redith as right as the Наш is homyd. a1449 Lydgate Ryght as a Rammes Horns in MP II 461-4: Right as a rammes home, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56. al500 Additional MS.37075 277.2: Hyt ys ryghth as a rameys home. 1522 Skelton WÄy Come II 29.87: As ryght as a rammes home, cl522 Colyn I 357.1201: By the ryght of (MS. Be hyt ryghte as) a rambes home, Speke II 24.498: So myche raggyd ryghte of a rammes home. Apperson 531; Oxford 543; Taylor and Whiting 303; Tilley R28; Whiting Scots II 115. See CIS.

al393 Gower CA II 271.1678: It mai noght helpe forto rape. See H168.

R34 To Rape (seize) and run cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 1422: But wasten al that ye may rape and renne. Apperson 524; Robinson's note p. 762. R35 As mossy haired as a Rat al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 371.13704: And moosy heryd as a raat. R36 As pale as a drowned Rat al500 Colyn Blowbol 93.31: And pale of hew like a drowned ratte. Tilley M1237.

R37 To be like Rats cl400 Laud Troy I 200.6786-7: That thei fflowen over the hors tayl Opon that playn, as it were R28 As riotous as Rams two rattes, II 501.17019-20: Lay sprad with al513 Dunbar To the Quene 59.16: Sum, that dede bodies. As it hadde ben rattis. war ryatous as rammis. R38 The Rather (sooner) the liever (better) R29 A Ram draws back to push his enemy the 1447 Shillingford 24[25]: The rather the levere. harder (varied) cl475 Mankind 10.254: The sonner the lever. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa Zl^'[1.30-2]: 1477 Paston V 288[29]: The soner the better. And for to pusshe his enmye the harder he (a Taylor and Whiting 345; Tilley S641. ram) drawyth bakwarde and resyth and lepyth upwarde. cl420 Wyntoun VI 219.6711-2: The R39 To gnaw as any Ratten (rat) gnaws stockram oft gayis abak, That he the mair debait fish may так. cl450 Merlin I 142[13-4]: But it is al438 Kempe 17.16-7: Thow xalt ben etyn and grete nede a man to go bak to recover the knawyn of the pepul of the world as any raton better his leep. cI500 Melusine 113.18-9: For knawyth the stokfysch. alwayes wyse men goo abacke for to lepe the R40 To slay one like Rations and mice ferther. Oxford 535: Recoil; Tilley L369. с 1400 Laud Troy II 377.12797: Ye schal sie R30 To hurtle (rash) together like (two) Rams hem as ratons and mys. al470 Malory I 50.30-1: And so hurteled toR41 To Rave unrocked (Pexcited) gydirs lyke too rammes that aythir felle to the cl475 Henryson Fables 80.2346: Unroikit now erthe, 323.12-4: They toke their bere as hit had ye raif. NED Unrocked; Whiting Scots II 115. bene two rammys and horled togydyrs, 382.15-6, II 641.3-4: They rasshed togydyrs with their R42 As black as (a) Raven('s feather) cl300 South English Legendary II 416.453: shyldis lyke two . . . rammys.

R59

483

Reason

That other del withinne blac as a raven is. conne, and naugh(t) to don, Nys nather rawe al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 295[17]: His ne y-sponne. NED Raw 2a. stede was blak as raven, с 1385 Chaucer CT R51 As carving (cutting) as a Razor I[A] 2144: As any ravenes fethere it shoon for al300 Alisaunder 349.6543: No rasoure so blak. Apperson 51; Taylor and Whiting 304. kervynde. 1340 Ayenbite 66[10-1]: The tonge more kervinde thanne rasour. 1484 Caxton R43 As swart (black) as a Raven alOOO Two Apocrypha J 39[22-3]: BiÖ heo Royal Book F7^[23-4]: Tongues more cuttyng seofon siSum sweartre Sonne se hrsefen, H 40: than a rasour. hwasren. R52 As keen as a Razor cl386 Chaucer LGW 2654: And out he caught R44 Like Havens to a carcass clOOO Aelfric Pastoral Letters 133 Oz 182: a knyf, as rasour kene. al400 Romaunt В 1885-6: But though this arwe was kene grounde GaderiaeÖ heom to Jjam lice, swa-swa gredise remnaes, t>8er-Ser heo hold iseoö, on holte оЪЪе As ony rasour that is founde. Oxford 579. on feldae. See B430. R53 As sharp as (a, any) Razor R45 The Raven in its own nest will make de- al300 Alisaunder 351.6602-3: Hii han shuldren on the regge, Uche als sharp as rasoures egge. fence against the falcon-gentle al420 Lydgate Troy I 333.6603-6: Like as the сХЗОО Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 106.121: a. raven, with his fetheres blake, With-Inne his cl400 Vices and Virtues 64.2-3: Than ben here nest wil ofte tyme make Ageyn the faukon- tonges scharper than any rasours. el410 Lovegentil, of nature. Ful harde diffence. Cf. Tilley lich Crail II 290.454: As scharpe As A Rasowre bytyng ful wel. cl450 Jacob's Well 154.14-5: a. D465. See C350, 567, F570, M207. cl500 Melusine 283.2-3: a. 1519 Horman VulR46 The Raven never eats its young birds garia 400[18]. Apperson 561; Taylor and Whitcl489 Caxton Aymon I 112.22: For never raven ing 305; Tilley R36; Whiting Scots II 116. ete his yonge byrdes. Cf. Lean I 432: A raven always dines off a young one on Easter Sunday; R54 With that above our Reach we have nothing Taylor and Whiting 106:25. to do al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 192 n.^: R47 The Raven says (sings, cries) "Cras, eras" So(crates) 27. What ys a-bove owre reche. We alOOO Pseudo-Alcuin 388.419-21: Ne syf t)u have no thing to do with all. See F432, M47, cwetst: Cras, cras, Jjaet is {jaes hraefenes stefne. 403, S620, ТЮЗ. Se raefen ne sercerde na to Noes area, ac seo culfre cerde. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 374. R55 A Realm that is divided may not stand 13809-12: Ffor I lernede, syth go fful long, The 1464 Hardyng 180[15-6]: For where a realme maner off the Ravenys song, Wych by delay or (a) cytee is devyded. It maye not stand, as (thys the cas) Ys wont to synge ay "craas, craas," late was verified. See K62, V47. 644.24052: Thaugh that he crye on the, "cras, cras," 645.24067-8: And I stonde in the same R56 They may Reap that sow c l l 7 5 Poema Morale 170.22: Thanne hi mowe caas, Abyde, and synge alway "cras, cras." ripe thet hi er than siewe. See S542. Walther I 424.3608. R57 He that refuses Reason reason shall go from R48 To gorge like a Raven al300 Alisaunder 293.5616: Alle gorg(ei)en as him cl450 Ponthus 89.21-2: And I have herd say a ravene. "He that reson refuses, reson wolle goo fro R49 When the Raven cries before the crow then hym; and so he myschevys wyllfully." may the husband ear (plow) and sow alSOO Reginald M. Woolley Catalogue of the R58 Reason has no place where evil reigns 1525 Berners Froissart VI 265[39-40]: For reason, Manuscripts of Lincoln Cathedral Chapter Library (London, 1927) 90: Whan the Raven right, nor justyce hath no place nor audyence cryeth befor the crowe. Than may the husbonde where as yvell reygneth. ere and sowe. Whan the crowe cryeth befor the Raven, Than drawe Shippis in to the haven. R59 Where Reason cannot be heard pride must reign Lean I 432. 1525 Berners Froissart VI 234[3-4]: Where as wyse reasone canne nat be herde, than pride R50 Neither Raw nor spun al333 Shoreham Poems 91.149-50: For wel to muste reygne.

Receivers

484

R60

R60 Where no Receivers are no thieves are 18[4-5]: Schort red, god red, slea ye the bischop. 1546 Heywood D 56.54: Where be no receivers, Jente 447; Oxford 585. there be no theeves, 1555 E 157.69. Apperson 525; Oxford 458; Tilley R53. See F42, H410, T73. R69 As unstable as the Reed al400 Wyclif Sermons II 189[12]: Seculers here, R61 Even Reckoning makes long friends that weren unstable as the reed. 1546 Heywood D 69.119: Even recknyng maketh longe freendes, 1555 E 185.216. Apperson 186; R70 A broken Reed cl395 WBible IV Kings xviii 21: Whethir thou Oxford 176; Tilley R54. hopist in a staf of rehed and brokun, Isaiah R62 A right Reckoning comes of a small ragman xxxvi 6: Thou tristist on this brokun staf of {list, contract) rehed, Ezekiel xxix 6-7: Thou were a staf of al513 Dunbar No Tressour 149.37: Ane raknyng rehed to the hous of Israel, whanne thei token rycht cumis of ane ragment small. the with hond, and thou were brokun. al500 Imitatione (1) 47.30-1: Truste not ner leene not R63 To give (have) a Recumbentibus cl400 Laud Troy I 221.7491-3: He gaff the upon a windy rede. 1502 Imitatione (2) 185.16-7: kyng Episcropus Suche a recumbentibus, He Be nat adherent ne put nat thy confidence in smot In-two bothe helme and mayle. cl475 that thynge that is as an holowe stocke or a Mankind 17.439: I hade a schreude recumbenti- rede. 1534 More Comforte 1140 A[4-6]: As bus, but I fele no peyn, 18.489: Then speke to though you woulde cast awaye a strong staffe, Mankynde for the recumbentibus of my jewellys. and leane upon a rotten reede. Apperson 356; 1549 Heywood D 87.232: He would geve you a Oxford 66; Tilley R61. See S594, 649, W249. recumbentibus. Oxford 535; Tilley R58. R71 The Reed that bows will arise when the R64 From hence to the Red Sea wind ceases (varied) al533 Berners Huon 172.6-7: Fro hense to the cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1387-9: And reed that red see, 191.21. boweth down for every blast. Ful lightly, cesse R65 Better is Rede (counsel) than rap [haste, wynd, it wol aryse; But so nyl nought an ook, rese [rMs^]) whan it is cast. al438 Kempe 1.19-22: And al220 Giraldus Descriptio Kambriae in Opera evyr sehe was turned a-gen a-bak . . . lech VI 188[8]: Betere is red thene rap. cl250 un-to the reed-spyr whech boweth wyth every Hendyng О 197.34: Betere is red then res. cl350 wynd and nevyr is stable les than no wynd Royal MS. in A. Chr. Thorn Les Proverbes de bloweth. al450 Rule of St. Benet (2) 112.2278Bon Enseignement de Nicole Bozon (Lund, 1921) 80: Thinkand on hir awn frelte Lik to a rede 9.20: Betere his red than res. Kneuer 68-9; in a forest. That bows with wind and wil not brest. 1556 Heywood Spider 288[8-ll]: And Schleich 266; Singer III 135. See R32, 90. like as we se the Оке: in stought storme of R66 Cold Rede is quean (woman) rede (varied) winde: Standing stiffe against the wynde: overal250 Proverbs of Alfred 118 С 441-2: Vor it throwne. And the Reede: waving with the seith in the led. Cold red is cwene red. cl390 winde, still we finde: Saving it self, in all our Chaucer CT VII 3256[В4446]: Wommennes blastes of winde blowne. Oxford 467; Skeat 149; conseils been ful afte colde. Apperson 707:60; Whiting Drama 262-3. See T475. Oxford 726; Skeat 257. See W532. R67 Hasty Rede forthinks (is repented) after- R72 To wag like a Reed al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 32Ц17]: Robard, wards (varied) 1340 Ayenbite 184[3-4]: And another zuo zayth, waggynge as a reed, assented anon. Whiting thet hette socrates thet "of hastif red : hit Scots II 116. vorthingth efte(r)ward." cl400 Vices and Virtues R73 To wave like a Reed(-spire) 188.26-7: Sicrates (seith) that of hastyf counseil cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) repenten hem men afterward. 1484 Caxton 40[24]: Yef he als red wald haf wevid, cl390 Royal Book 08''[27-8]: Socrates sayth that of hasty counceyl men repente hem after. See Narrationes (Vernon) 244.67: Gif he wolde have weved as a Reode. al449 Lydgate Testament in H159, M357. MP I 353.653: Wawed with eche wynd, as doth R68 Short Rede good rede a reedspere. al500 Consideryng effectually in 1075 Roger of Wendover (d. 1236) Chronica, Person 45.54: Like unto a Reede wavyng too ed. H. О. Сохе (4 vols., London, 1841-2) II and fro.

R88

485

R74 Not to thole (suffer, permit) the Reek (smoke) to blow on one alSOO Thre Prestís 16.228: His moder tholit nocht the reke on him to blaw. See W323.

Report helpys nocht to tell thar petous mayn. cl485 Buríal and Resurrection 209.1123-4: It is bot in vayn Thus remedilesse to т а к compleyn. 1509 Barclay Ship II 179[l-2]: He is a Fole: and voyde of wyt certayne That moumeth for that whiche is past remedy. Whiting Scots II 116. See D337, G455, L52, M729, R31, S514, T160, 179, 192, W381.

R75 To fail (vanish) like Reek (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) c l 3 4 0 Rolle Psalter 134 (36.21): Fayland as reke thai sail fayle, 230 (67.2): As reke fails faile thai, 352 (101.4). al400 Northern Verse Psalter R82 When Renown is lost it is late recovering I 115 (36.20); Wanand als reke thai wane to of it noght, 207 (67.3), II 5 (101.4). al400 Scottish c l 5 0 5 Watson Valentine 46.23-5: You know wel Legends II 158.229: Bot as a reke away he wat that renowne is dere. For whan it is lost be it (vanished), 164.442: Bot fled as reke. c l 4 7 0 by right or by wronge, it is late recoveringe of Wallace 158.579-80: The Strang stour rais, as it. See N13, 16. reik, upon thaim fast. Or myst, throuch sone, up to the clowdis past. R83 To pay one his Rent al300 Richard 294.4055-6: Kyng R. hys ax in R76 To raise (a) Reek hond he hente And payde Sarezynys here rente. al450 York Plays 220.34: For thurgh his romour NED Rent sb.i 2a. in this reme Hath raysede mekill reke. a 1460 Towneley Plays 372.168-9: She can rase up a R84 To Repent too late reke If she be well nettyld. NED Reek sb.i Ic. a 1325 Cursor II 290.4958: Your repenting es See S413. now to late. al420 Lydgate Troy I 105.3151: R77 To vanish like Reek al400 Scottish Legends II 113.511-2: And he away, as It ware reke, Wanyst, 117.646, 118.660, 675, 162.376-7: And (he), as he reke bene hade. Ful sodenely wanyste away. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 232.138: Vanyst away as the reik in the ayr. Whiting Scots II 116. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 340. See F699, S414. R77.1 Where there is Reek there is fire 1490 Irlande Meroure II 85.7-8: Quhar men seis mekle reik thai may knaw that thar is fyr. Tilley S569; Taylor and Whiting 340. See F194.

List thou repente whan it is to late. 1481 Caxton Reynard 110[8-9]: That after they repente hem and thenne it is to(o) late. al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 321.715-6: And, afterward if I shulde live in wo. Than to repent it were to late, 1 gesse. c l 5 0 0 Greene Carols 408.14: Then to repent yt ys to late. cl500 Melusine 310.14-5: Over late is this repented. 1509 Barclay Ship I 225[7], 243[7]. 1511 Hawes Comforte ВГ[7]. 1518 Watson Oliver КГ129]. al533 Berners Huon 320.24-5. Tilley A211; Whiting Ballad 38, Drama 42, 156, 166, 225, 274. See C448, R86, TI58.

R78 To help with Reel and rock (distaff) R85 Beware of Repentance another day cl400 Laud Troy I 175.5939: Sehe (Fortune) c l 5 0 0 Wife Lapped 185.124: And beware of halpe him wel with Real and Rok. repentaunce another day. R79 To harp on one Refreit (refrain) al500 Medwall Nature B3''[19]: These .ii. folk R86 Repentance is shown (comes) too late 1546 Heywood D 37.86: To late (quoth mine harp both on refrayte. See S839. aunt) this repentance shewd is, 1556 Spider R80 It is good to be purveyed of a Remedy 342[24-5]: Which being now doone: and rec l 5 0 0 Melusine 92.10-1: But alwayes it is good pented as soone. To late cumth that repentto be purveyed of remedye. aunce: to avoyde thill. Apperson 528; Oxford 539; Tilley A211; Whiting Scots II 116-7. See R81 Where there is no Remedy it is folly to H134, R84. chide (varied) cl390 Chaucer CT VII 427-9[В1617-9]: This R87 Repenting may not avail marchant saugh ther was no remedie. And for to 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 269.28-9: But that was chide it nere but folie, Sith that the thyng may for nought for the repentyng myght not avaylle. nat amended be. c l 4 5 0 Idley 171.770: Wher as See M729. is no remedie, ther is noo boote. c l 4 7 0 Wallace 367.1134-6: Litill reherss is our mekill off cair: R88 Good Report is best in every age al449 Lydgate Haste in MP II 764.135; Good And principaly quhar redempcioun is nayn. It

Reproof

486

R89

report is best in everi age. Cf. Tilley R85. See R99 More Reverence is given to wicked men for dread than to good men for love N12. al400 Scottish Legends I 192.71-4: As men in R89 Great Reproof follows little excess proverbe sais. Mare reverens Is gewine always al420 Lydgate Troy I 345.7031: For litel excesse To vekyt men fore dred and dowte Thane to folweth gret reprefe. gudmen for luf al-owte. Cf. Tilley R105. R90 To rue one's Rese {hasty action) RICO Saving (Save) one's (your) Reverence al325 Cursor I 254.4325: Reu his res than sal c l 4 0 0 Mandeville Travels 123.22-3: But after he sare. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 237[3]: my lytyll wytt it semeth me, savynge here The Walssh wer alle day slayn, now rewes tham reverence, that it is more. 1454 Paston II ther res. cl350 Joseph 16.491: That thorw him 317[8-9]: A fais harlot, sauf your reverens, one reowen no res. cI400 Roland 117.370: Thoughe James Cook. 1455 Rotuli Parliamentorum (1287Roulond rew that rese. cl425 Avowynge 68[16]: 1503) V 281[1.52-3]: The . . . defaime untruly, Him met alle his rees. NED Rese 3b. See HI59, savyng youre reverence, leyed upon us. 1456 R32, 65. Paston III 10β[21-2]: Save yowre reverens, Cristyfor sal(?) have swyche a maister, 1461 R91 Every Resemblance delights (the) other 1477 Rivers Dictes 9[7]: Commonely every re- III 273[2-3]: And, Sir, as for the fais noise, sauf your reverence, that he leyth on me, 1468 IV semblance delyteth other. See L272. 293-4. 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners R92 There is no Resistence (defence) where folk H3''[7-8]: Savyng the reverence of them that are drunk have wreton suche historyes. Oxford 562; Tilley a 1439 Lydgate Fall 1 307.3842-3: And wise men R93. rehersen in sentence, Wher folk be dronke ther is no resistence, II 395.2379-80: For men RlOl The Reward of sin is shame and sorrow mai knowe bi olde experience, In folkis dronke 1464 Hardyng 302 car.[3]: The rewarde of mai be no resistence, 573.3649-50: But it is said synne is shame and sorowe observed. See S338. of old and is no fable, That no diffence is (in) R102 It may well Rhyme but it accords not dronk(e)nesse. See C619, W494. (varied) R93 A little Respite sometimes speeds (assists) c l 3 8 5 Usk 51.73-4: These thinges to-fom-sayd al450 Generydes A 167.5343-4: Litle respite at mowe wel, if men liste, ryme, trewly, they acorde nothing. al449 Lydgate Ryme without mych nede Falleth som tyme wele to spede. Accord in MP II 792-4.8: It may wele ryme, R94 After long Rest comes sharp labor but it accordith nought, 16, 24, etc. с1477 Cax1464 Hardyng 127[3-4]: But ever as next the ton Curtesye 52.519-22: Goo, litle childe, and valey is the hill. After long rest commeth sharpe who doth you Appose, Seying, youre quaire labour. See R96. kepeth non accordaunce, 'Tell (hym) as yite neyther of ryme ne prose Ye be experte. al500 R95 He is unwise that runs from Rest to Sheep on the Green in Bobbins xxxviii[ll]: Thys jeopardy may ryme wel but hyt acorde nought. c l 5 0 0 1515 Barclay St. George 96.2386-7: He well may King Hart 109.20: Suppois it ryme it acordis be callyd unwyse and fole hardy Which wylfully nocht all dene. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 410. rennyth from rest to jeopardy. See S297. 1210: It may wele ryme, but shroudly it doth accorde. 1546 Heywood D 53.404: It may ryme R96 A little Rest engenders much labor 1450 Diets 64.20: A litille rest engendrithe but it accordth not. Apperson 529; Oxford 540; Tilley R99; Whiting Scots II 117. muche labour. See R94. contrasted) R97 With Rest and peace a man shall best R103 Rhyme and reason (variously с1303 Mannyng Handlyng 272.8625-6: For increase foule englyssh, and feble ryme Seyde oute of al450 Chronicle of London 122[26-7]: With resun many tyme. c l 3 2 5 I Repent 143.61-2: reste and pees, A man schal best encrees. Richard, rote of resoun ryht, Rykening of rym ant ron. cl385 Chaucer TC iii 90: His resons, R98 A good Retreat is worth more than a foolas I may my rymes holde. al475 Russell Boke ish abiding 199.1243: As for ryme or reson, the forewryter cl477 Caxton Jason 23.18-9: More is worth a was not to blame. cl475 Henryson Aganis good retrayte than a folisshe abydinge. ApperHaisty Credence 215.23: Ryme as it may, thair son 153: Discretion; Oxford 147; Tilley D354.

R120

487

Richesse

is na ressoun. Want of Wyse Men 191.61: But cl450 (cl335) Trevet 364.4-10 (f.75a, col. 2): ryme or ressone all Is bot heble hable. al500 Wherethorow be that grete crewelte that the men of the contre suflFered soore had a proLeœnfield Proverbs 493[14]: Regarde not the ryme but the reasone marke wele. cl516 Skel- verbe among hem, and sayde whan theyre ton Magnificence 36.1151: It forseth not of the chyldren wept and wolde nat be styll, for to reason, so it kepe ryme, aI529 Garnesche I chastyse them whan they cryed, seyng thus, 123.104-5: For reson can I non fynde Nor good "Be styll for that devell Kyng Rychard." And of ryme in yower mater, 127-8: In a felde of grene thys proverbe Englysshmen made a proverbe, peson Ys ryme yet owte of reson. 1532 More "In the develles name Richard." Anglo-Norman Confutación 495 C[7-10]: Save for the ryme I in Notes p. 460: De ceo les Engleis empristrent woulde not geve a rushe . . . for any reson. un parole de ledenger, qant ils voleint reprover 1556 Heywood E 104.1: Ryme without reason, lour noyauntz, en disaunt en lour pateis, "In and reason without ryme. Apperson 529; Oxford the develes name Richard." 540; Taylor and Whiting 306; Tilley R98; WhitR113 Riches are got with labor, held with fear ing Drama 360:799, Scots II 117. and lost with grief R104 As red as Rice (twig) al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. 1 208: Riches cl350 Libeaus 125 var. 2220": Hur rode was are gotten with labor, holden with feare. And rede so rys. lost with greyfe and excessive care. Apperson 530; Tilley R108. R105 As white as Rice a1475 Lovely lordynges in Halli well Early Eng- R114 Riches gotten untruly cause conscience to lish Miscellanies 4[24]: The creste blewe and be sorry whyte as rysse. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.181-2: Rytches gettyn untrewly Causes conscience to be sory. See G336. RI06 To make the Rice blossom again (i.e., R115 Riches increase (make) friends improve the situation) 1481 Caxton Reynard 80[23]: She hath the rys cl395 WBible Proverbs xix 4: Richessis encreessen ful many freendis. cl415 Middle Engdoo blosme agayn. lish Sermons 86.25-6: For as the wyse man seyth R107 As long as I am reputed Rich I am saluted in is Proverbes, the iii chapitur, "Rychesse al500 Harley MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 207: As maketh frendes." 1546 Heywood D 27.33-4: long as 1 am riche reputed. With solem vyce 1 And riches maie make Freends many ways. Jente am saluted; But wealthe away once woorne. No 272. See R108. one wyll say good morne. Tilley RI03, cf. S307. R H 6 Riches make pens (wings) R108 If one is Rich he shall find a great numс 1395 WBible Proverbs xxiii 5: Richessis . . . ber of fellows schulen make to hem silf pennes, as of an egle, cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1558[В2748]: Pamphilles and tho schulen flee in to hevene. Apperson 530; seith . . . "if thou be right riche thou shalt Oxford 541; Tilley R l l l . fynde a greet nombre of felawes and freendes." с1395 WBible Proverbs xiv 20: But many men R117 Riches oft bring harm and ever fear ben frendis of riche men. Oxford 541; Smith 1546 Heywood D 55.12: Riches bringth oft 253; Tilley R103. See M272, R115. harm, and ever feare. Jente 595; Smith 253; Tilley R109. R109 Make you not Rich of other man's thing cl350 Good Wife E 168.147: Make the noght R118 Small Riches have most rest riche of other mannis thing. See T217. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 136.765: Small riches RllO The Rich (is) preferred, the poor is hath most rest. See H613.

culpable R H 9 Worldly Riches shall pass aI449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 816.99-100: The cl412 Hoccleve Regement 47.1290-1: Worldly ryche preferryd, the poore is ay cowpable. See riches, have ay in thi memorye, Schal passe, al M265. look it never on men so feire. Cf. Whiting R i l l The Rich shall die as well as the poor Drama 116. See C114, T449, W671. 1474 Caxton Chesse 80[29-31]: For as well shall R120 111 gotten Richesse comes to ill end (varied) dye the ryche as the poure. See DlOl, K49. 1506 Barclay Castell G2^[14]: Rychesse yll goten R112 In Richard the devil's name cometh to yll ende. 1519 Horman Vulgaria

Richesse

488

R121

118[20]: Evyll goten ryches wyll never prove to him. Siile to me the right of the first gendrid longe. 1525 Berners Froissart V 313[37-8]: That childe. Oxford 573; Tilley B403. See H364. rychesse is nat good nor resonable that is yvell R131 As white as Rime-frost gotten. See G345. cI250 Genesis and Exodus 95.3328: It lai thor, R121 Richesse is mickle of power (has poustie quit als a rim frost. [power]) al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 159.4557: Mikel R132 As hard as a Rind is richesse of power. al400 Romaunt С 6484: cl450 When the son 393.402: Not mannysshe rough hard as a rynde. But richesse hath pouste. R122 There is no Richesse that may be com- R133 As round as a Ring pared to good fame al400 Destruction of Troy 55.1635: Evyn round 1456 Hay Governaunce 90.23-4: Thare is na as a ryng richely wroght. richesse that may be comperit to gude fame and gude renoune. See N12. R134 A Ring of a rush (1) cl449 Pecock Repressor I 166[4-11]: If a marR123 He Rides well that never fell chant or eny other man have myche nede forto a1470 Malory II 516.5-6: And he rydyth well bithenke upon a certeine erand . . . it is weel that never felle. Apperson 530; Oxford 543; allowid and approved bi resoun that he make Tilley R116. a ring of a rische and putte it on his fynger. R124 He Rides well that rides with his fellows 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 13[6-7]: He R135 A Ring of a rush (2) 1532 More Fríth in Workes 835 B[6-7]: Gyve rydyth well that ridyth wyth his felawes. the bride . . . a proper ring of a rushe. 1546 R125 Good Riding at two anchors Heywood D 23.33: I hoppyng without for a 1549 Heywood D 93.81-2: Good ridyng at two ryng of a rushe. Apperson 532; Oxford 543; ankers men have tolde. For if the tone faile, Tilley R128. the tother maie holde. Apperson 262; Oxford R136 To become as well as a gold Ring in a 255; Smith 254; Tilley R119. swine's nose R126 Ri£F and (nor) raff al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 97.1-2: And this al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 38[26]: To Justy draweth mychel to religioun And there it biand Gudmund, thei tok alle ri£Fe and raf, 111[2]: cometh als wel as who so putt a gold ringe in That noither he no hise suld chalange rif no raf, a swynes nose. See W486. 151[16]: The Sarazins ilk man he slouh alle rif and raf, II 276[20], 277[6]. NED Riffi. R137 To come (hop) in (to, upon) the Ring cl330 Times of Edward 11 339.351: And whan R127 Right and the king ought to be as brothers theih comen to the ring, hoppe if hii kunne. al449 Lydgate and B u r ^ Secrees 65.2051: Ryght al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 305[20]: To the and the Kyng as brethryn owen to be. renge ere ye brouht, hop now if ye wille. cl410 Lovelich Merlin 1 11.373-4: And wiste R128 Right has no virtue wel be hire answeryng That sehe scholde hopс1505 Watson Valentine 149.8: Ryght hath no pen uppon hys rynge. al420 Lydgate Troy III vertue. 823.1781-2: О Ulixes, by ordre in my writyng. R129 Right makes the feeble (man) wight Thin aventures commen on the ring, a1449 Order of Fools in MP II 450.25-6. al450 Partonope (strong) cl375 Barbour Bruce I 21.510: And rycht mayss 456.11485: Now hoppe if he can, he is come to oft the feble wycht. cl420 Wyntoun V 355. the ringe (is fallen in love). al500 Alexander2797-8: For I wate I haf rieht; And rieht oft Cassamus 56.127: And yf у shal hoppe algate on makis the febil wicht. al450 Generydes A lovys rynge. 172.5533-4: I have the right and he the wrong, Right maketh a feble man strong. Cf. Whiting R138 To lead (rule) the Ring cl343 Rolle Ego in Allen K. Rolle 68.237: Bot Drama 167. See P342. suth than es it sayde that lufe ledes the ryng. R130 To sell the Right of the first gendered cl350 Nominale 9'.214: W. the ryng leduth for joye. cl522 Skelton Speke II 7.132: He rulyth child cl395 WBible Genesis xxv 31: And Jacob seide the ring.

R1S6

489

Robin Hood

R139 Whoso hops best at last shall have the R146 To romy (roar) like a rad Rith (frightened Ring ox) al500 Greene Carols 308.1: Thenkyst thou c l 3 8 0 Cleanness 57.1543: And romyes as a rad nothyng That whoso best hoppith at laste shal ryth that rores for drede. have the ryng? 1546 Heyvi^ood D 23.31-2: R147 In every River the worse fords the better Where wooers hoppe in an out, long time may fish bryng Him that hoppeth best, at last to have c900 Old English Cato 7.21-2: On aelcere ea the ryng. Tilley R130. swa wyrse fordes swa betere fisces. R140 After Riot (excess) soon comes evil fare R148 To have the Rivers run against the hill c l 4 6 0 To you beholders 48.6: Ffor affter ryat 1480 Caxton Ovyde 115(4-6]: The Ryvers shold sone Cometh evyl fare. rather renne ayenst the hylle that (for than) R141 Every Riot must needs fall at last aI393 Gower CA III 142.7131"-2°: Bot every riot ate laste Mot nedes falle and mai noght laste.

Ayax by hys wytte sholde . . . brynge Phylotes, 137[12-3]: Er that sholde falle the ryvers sholde renne ayenst the hylle.

R149 Cold Roast (1) (i.e., hard times) R142 Ripe and rotten (varied) 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 36.363: And in thy al387 Piers С xiii 223: And that that rathest cofre, pardee, is cold roost. al460 Towneley rypeth roteth most saunest. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT Plays 21.421: Yey, cold rost is at my masteres I[A] 3874-5: We olde men, I drede, so fare we: hame. NED Roast 2b. Til we be roten, kan we nat be rype. c l 4 5 0 Idley 136.1741: Ffor soone woll be rotyn that R150 Cold Roast (2) (i.e., stale news) tymely is grene. alSOO О Mosy Quince in al450 Tottenham 995.136: Thou spekis of cold Person 40.7: Ye be so rype ye wex almost rost. NED Roast 2b. rotyn. 1532 More Frith in Workes 841 EF: R151 To beshit the Roast Many Wittes waxe rotten ere they waxe rype. 1546 Heywood D 90.70: He lookt lyke one that 1546 Heywood D 39.124: But soone rype soone had beshyt the roste. See B423. rotten, 1556 Spider 450[6]: For feare of rotting: before riping began. Apperson 588; Oxford R152 To rule the Roast 604; Taylor and Whiting 307; Tilley R133; al500 Carpenter's Tools 85.176: My mayster yet Whiting Drama 121, 165, 286, Scots II 117. See shall reule the roste. c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence F690, 694. 26.804: I rule moche of the rost, 1522 Why Come II 33.198: He ruleth all the roste, cl522 R143 Whoso will Rise early shall be holy, Colyn I 350.1020-1: But at the playsure of one healthy and seely (happy) (varied) That ruleth the roste alone. c l 5 4 5 Heywood 1496 PBemers Book of Hawking, etc. (reproduced Four PP Cl'"[17]: Yf rychesse mygh(t) rule the with . . . notices by Joseph Haslewood [London, roste, 1546 D 26.25: Than shalt thou rule the 1810]) Hl'"[9-10]: As the olde englysshe pro- roste. Apperson 540; Oxford 551; Taylor and verbe sayth in this wise: who soo woll ryse Whiting 308; Tilley R144; Whiting Drama erly shall be holy, helthy, and zely. al500 Good 361:810, Scots II 117-8. Wife A 220.165-6: Loke thou go to bed bytyme: Erly to ryse is fysyke fyne, N 215.180-1: So to R153 To spoil the Roast bed betimes, at morne rise belive And so may al500 Lover and the Advocate of Venus in Bobbins 170.52: Yur writyng afore spilt al the thou better leame to thrive. Apperson 173; roste. Oxford 164; Taylor and Whiting 21; Tilley B184. See G259, S89. R154 He that Robs shall be robbed R144 A sudden Rising oft falls alow 1511 Hawes Comforte B2''[5]: A sodayne rysynge dooth oft fall alowe. See C296.

1484 Caxton Aesop 60[4-6]: For he that robbeth shall be robbed. Juxta illud pellatores pillabuntur. See G491.

R155 Good even, good Robin Hood R145 As many as Risoms (corn stalks) in a rank 1522 Skelton Why Come II 32.194: Good evyn, field good Robyn Hood! Apperson 535; Oxford 251; al400 Alexander С 180.3059-60: Thare fell as Tilley E188. fele tham before of fotemen and othire. As risonis (Dublin: ressynnys) in a ranke fild quen R156 Many men speak of Robin Hood that never riders it spillen. bent his bow (varied)

Robin

Hood

R157

490

с 1385 Chaucer ТС ii 859-61: For swich manere folk, I gesse. Defamen Love, as nothing of him knowe. Thai speken, but thei benten nevera his bowel al425 MS. Ph marginal gloss: of robyn hode, c l 4 5 0 MS. H*: Thei spekyn of robynhod but thei bente never his bowe [Й. K. Root ed. Troilus and Criseyde (Princeton, 1926) 449]. C1400-25 Legat Sermon 8.46-7: For mani, manime seith, spekith of Robyn Hood that Schotte never in his bowe. 1402 Daw Tapias 59[3-4]: And many men speken of Robyn Hood, and shotte nevere in his bowe. 1471 Ripley Compound 175[26-8]: For many man spekyth wyth wondreng: Of Robyn Hode, and of his Bow, Whych never shot therin I trow. 1546 Heywood D 78.14-5: But many a man speaketh of Robyn hood, That never shot in his bowe. Apperson 535; Oxford 611; Tilley R148; Whiting Ballad 24. See A63, M33, 195, P148, W40.

of Mont Marpesyane. Whiting Scots II 118. See M564, 726, S792, W24. Rock (2) R162 As sharp and small as Rocks (distaffs) al513 Dunbar To the Queue 60.23: With schinnis scharp and small lyk rockis. R163 One's Rock is spun cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.20-1: Good day my rokke ys spönne. Lux bona prestetur tibi nanque colus mea netur. Walther II 783.14137a. R164 Thus rides the Rock 1546 Heywood D 92.77: Thus ryd the rocke, 1555 E 163.102: Thus rideth the rocke, if the rocke be ridyng. The spinsters thrift, is set a foote slidyng. Oxford 546; Tilley R150.

R165 To acore (suffer) the Rod al250 Ancrene (Nero) 26.2-3: Ase mon seith, thu schalt acorien the rode, that is, acorien R157 A rhyme (song, jest, fable, tale) of Robin his sunne. Hood с 1378 Piers В ν 402: But I can rymes of Robyn R166 To be beaten with the Rod one makes for Hood and Randolf erle of Chestre. al470 another Parker Dives E4''[2.33-6]: Lever to here a songe 1484 Caxton Aesop 155[16-7]: And is beten of Robynhode or of some rybaudrye than for with the same rodde that he maketh for other. to here masse or matynes. 1509 Barclay Ship See P232, S652. I 72[I4]·. A folysshe yest of Robyn hode, II R167 To be chastised without Rod 155[27]: And all of fables and Jestis of Robyn al393 Gower CA III 226.2216-8: Thus was the hode, 331[17]: I wryte no Jest ne tale of Robyn hode, c l 5 1 5 Eclogues 166.720-1: Some mery fit king withoute rodd Chastised, and the queene excused Of that sehe hadde ben accused. See Of mayde Marion, or els of Robin Hood. 1528 K91. More Heresyes 243 B[4-6]: To handle holie scripture in more homely maner than a song of Robin hode, 1533 Confutación 697 C[2-4]: If R i e 8 As light as a (the, any) Roe cI390 Deo Gracias II in Brown Lyrics XIV thei had told hym that a tale of Robyne hode 138.10: And liht to renne as is a Ro. al393 had bene holye scrypture, D[3-4], 698 (by error Gower CA II 376.2786-7: The Ro, which renneth 798) A[7-8]. 1546 Heywood D 94.138: Tales of on the Mor, Is thanne noght so lyht as I. c l 4 4 0 Robin hood are good among fcoles. Apperson 535-6; Oxford 643; Tilley T53; Whiting Scots Charles of Orieans 46.1365: Forto ben glad and light as any roo. al450 Tottenham 994.129: II 118. the. al450 York Plays 281.262: Now than am 1 light as a roo. al475 Ludus Coventriae 327. R158 As wise as Robin Swine 1640-1: Now hens we go As lyth as ro. al500 cl522 Skelton Colyn I 342.808: As wyse as Greene Carols 396 refrain: any. Robyn swyne. Rock (1)

R169 As roless (restless) as the Roe (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al325 Labourers in Brown Lyrics XIII 145.49-50: R160 As stable as any Rock This world me wurcheth wo, Rooles ase the roo. al422 Lydgate Life 360.706: In hert and will, 1372 Christ's Three Songs in Brovra Lyrics XIV as any Roche stable. C f Taylor and Whiting 92.9: Mi bodi is as red as ro. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4086: I is ful wight (swift), God waat, 308-9; Tilley R151. as is a raa. 1418 Man, be warre in Kail 64.110: R161 To move no more than a Rock And . . . recheles as a roo. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 31.96-8: Moving na mair . . . Than scho had bene . . . a ferm rolk R170 As swift as the (any, a) Roe R159 As dark as Rock 1501 Douglas Palice 8.17: Dark as rock.

RT82

491

Rome

1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 115.94-5: Swa heir cl330 St. Margaret 232.254: Sum wer swifter . . . than the ro. al375 Octavian (S) 43.1347-8: He the laithly odor raiss on hycht From the fyre ys swyftyr than ony roo Under lynde, 45.1417-8: blesis, dyrk as ony roik (rime: smoik). Hyt ys swyfter than . . . ro, that renneth under RI79 To be worth a Roland or an Oliver lynde. cl440 Charles of Orleans 198.5914: any. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 429[29-30]: Every al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 73.2302: the. man worth a Rowlande or an Olyvere. al475 Mergarete 239.391: a. al500 St. Margarete B4''[13]: a. Tilley R158; Whiting Scots II 118. R180 At (the court of) Rome all things are bought and sold (varied) RI71 As wild as the (a, any) Roe cl330 Times of Edward Π 324.19-20: Voiz of cl250 Mater Salutaris in Brown Lyrics XIU clerk is sielde i-herd at the court of Rome; Ne 22.11: Mi thoncc is wilde as is the ro. al300 were he nevere swich a clerk, silverles if he Alisaunder 113.1989-90: Alisaundre . . . wilde come. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 324[9-12]: so roo. al300 Maximian 99.226-7: Wilde ich wes He is fole (for fole) that afRes in the courte of her tho. Wildere then the ro. cl325 Old Man's Rome, Comes a nother and bies, and fordos that Prayer in Brown Lyrics XIV 4.27: the. cl390 dome. Pur quante posse dare, what thing and Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vernon) how mykelle. Pur fare et defare, Rome is now 266.419: the. 1418 Mon, be warre in Kail fülle fikelle. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 183[l-3]: 64.110: a. cl450 Idley 90.591: And as wilde Wherfore he deserveth nevere for to gete his as . . . a Roo in the fenne. a1500 Lay of pal to Rome though al that byenge and sellynge Sorrow 718.126: ony. wirk moche there. cl400 Apology 12[12-4]: R172 To be befongen (caught) like a Roe with Opun and comyn fame traveylith, that in the court of Rome mai no man geyt no grace, but rope clOOO Corpus Christi Homily (St. Margaret) in if it be bowt, nor ther is noon grauntid, but Assmann 172.71-2: Ic earn befangan . . . eal if it be for temporal meed. cl500 Fabyan 227 [31-2]: But yet he never had the paule from swa hra mid rape. Rome, t h o u ^ there be great sale that maketh R173 To be inumen (taken) like a Roe in net many maistryes. 1509 Watson Ship GgF[10-l]: al225 St. Marherete 8.9-10: Ase ra inumen i Rome is the rote of all the evylles of avaryce. nette. Oxford 8; Tilley T164; Whiting Scots II 118. R174 To leap (up) like a Roe R181 Better be at Rome cl325 Sayings of St. Bernard (Laud) 513.39: cl300 Beves 158.3381-2: That hem were beter Thou lepest also a ro. cl400 Laud Troy II at Rome, Thanne hii hadde hider icome. al400 406.13770: He lepe up sone as a roo. Whiting Perceval 64.2015-6: Hym were better hafe bene Scots II 118. at Rome, So every mote I thryfe. aI425 Chester Plays II 298.418-9: Would God 1 hadd bene in R175 To run like any (a, the) Roe al400 Childhood of Christ in Horstmann Samm- Rome, When I the way hither nome. lung 107.466: Reny(n)g as faste as ony roo. cl400 Laud Troy I 181.6127: He ran amonges R182 From hence to Rome (varied) hem as a roo, 267.9051-2: I trowe ther was cI300 Gui/i 364 A 6914: Hennes to Rome nevere wilde ro That ran faster then his stede better nis nan. cl300 Havelok 3.64: Was non tho. al450 Pride of Life in Waterhouse 96.267-8: so bold lend (?lord) to rome. al338 Mannyng Mirth and solas he can make And ren so the ro. Chronicle В II 254[1]: Fro Rome hiderward fayrer non was. al400 Guy^ 627.113: Nis man bitwene this and Rome. al400 Ipomadon A R176 To skip like a Roe al300 Les diz de seint bernard in Vernon II 198.6960-2: There is no man fro hens to Roome, 758.45: Thou skippest alse a ro. aI325 Cursor Mighte have done better, be my doome. Ne II 1092.19080: That said that halt suld seep as yett hens to Normandye. al400 Scottish Legends I 135.207: That thar ves nane sic in-to rome. ra. 1436 Libelle 38.740-2: And well I wott that R177 To start like a Roe frome hens to Rome, And, as men sey, in alle cl325 Sayings of St. Bernard 513.32-3: Nou Cristendome, There ys no grounde ne land to art thou hevy, nou artou liht, Sturtynde as a Yreland lyche. al500 Partenay 16.265-6: For Ro. cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 100.128: For A worthy man and vaillant he was As Any here and there forthe stirte 1 as a Roo. A-this-side Rome to purchas, 89.2468-9: And As that man non here more wurthy Was not RI78 As dark as any Roke (fog)

Rome

492

R183

A-thys-side the romayns truly, 122.3472: Hys roof to resten on thi chyn. al400 Cambridge pere noght founde Athissid Rome truly. alSOO Univ. Lib. MS. Ii.iii.8 f.iee in Owst Literature Thre Prestís 33.645: And lyke to ane was nocht 43[21-2]: Whan the rofe of thyn hous lithe into Rome. al533 Berners Huon 609.20: Fro on thi nese. Alle the worldis blisse ys nouth thense to Rome. al533 Heywood Johan B2'[l]: worthe a pese. She is the erranst baud betwene this and Rome. R188 As rauk (hoarse) as Rook Tilley H429; Whiting Scots II 118. cI475 Henryson Testament 120.443-5: My cleir RI83 Rome was not built in one day voice . . . Is rawk as Ruik. 1546 Heywood D 46.182-3: Rome was not R189 To gape like a Rook built in one daie . . . and yet stood Till it was al449 Lydgate Order in MP II 450.43: Gapeth finisht, as some say, full faire, 1555 E 194.274. Apperson 537; Jente 152; Oxford 547-8; Taylor as a rook. and Whiting 310; Tilley R163; Whiting Scote R190 To roar like a Rook II 118. al300 Cloisterer's Lament in Rei Ant. I 291[9]: I gowle au mi grayel and rore als a roke. R184 When at Rome do as (after) the doom cl475 RawUnson MS. D 328 122,57: Whan tho R191 In highest Rooms is greatest fear herd hat Rome Do so of ther the dome. Whan 1509 Barclay Ship II 318[21]: In hyest rowmes thu herd hels ware Do of ther as the dothe is greattest fere. See E24, 149, 150, H385, 387, thare. Cum fueris Rome, Romane vivito more. 609, K77, P247, S357, T434, 462, W302, 344. Cum tu sis alibi vivito more loci. al500 Hill 130.6: Whan thou art at Rome, do after the R192 Of an ill Root springs an ill tree dome; And whan thou art els wher, do as they al533 Berners Arthur 322[33]: Of an yll rote do ther. Apperson 537; Oxford 547; Taylor and spryngeth an yll tre. Whiting 310; Tilley R165; Walther I 497.4176. R193 Root and rind See G493, W6e0. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 150.4285-6: Syn we ar comen alle of о kynde. And of о rote R185 A Rome-runner without a leasing (lying) and of о rynde. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP fable (i.e., an impossibility) II 495.271-2: The(i) were ful besy to fynd out al449 Lydgate Ryme in MP II 793.63: And take roote and rynde. Of what humour was causyd a Rome Renner without a lesyng fable. See his dissese. al450 Castle 111.1138: Envye, thou J27, P18, S251. arte rote and rynde. a1500 Kennedy Passion of Christ 31.124: God hes the chosin to be baith R186 From thence unto Roncesvalles cl475 Gohgros 44.1313: Or all the renttis fra rute and ryn. thyne unto Ronsiwall. R194 As meet as a Rope for a thief 1546 Heywood D 36.41-2: She is, to tume love R187 To have one's Roof (house) on his nose to hate, or joye to greefe A paterne, as meete (chin) as a rope for a theefe. Apperson 538; Oxford cl250 Latemest Day in Brown Lyrics ΧΙΠ 548; Tilley R169. 47.29-30: Thin hus is sone ibuld ther thu salt wonien inne, Bothe the wirst (for firste) and the R195 Take not every Rope's end with every man rouf sal liggen uppon thin chinne. al300 Pro- that hauls prietates Mortis in Brown Lyrics ΧΙΠ 130.21-2: al475 Good Wyfe Wold 174.46: Take not every Thanne 1yd min hus uppe min nose. Off al this roppys end witt every man that hallys. world ne gyffe ihic a pese. cl325 Body and Soul in Böddeker 243.239-42: When the flor is at thy R196 As bright as Rose rug. The rof ys at thy neose, Al this worldes al450 St. Katherine (Gibbs) 41[28]: Thayr faces blisse Nis nout worth a peose. 1374 Brinton schone as bryght as roses. cl500 Newton 264.25: Sermons I 156[9-10]: For whan the roof of thin Thay were as bright os . . . rose on brere. hous lieth о thi nese, al this werdlis blisse is R197 As fair as (the, a) Rose nought worth a pese, II 337[26-7]: For whan the cl386 Chaucer LGW 613: And she was fayr roof of thy hous beth upon thy nese, all thys as is the rose in May. al400 Destruction of werdly blisse to the ne is worith a pese, 402 Troy 100.3057: The rede gomys, as a rose faire. [30-1]: For whanne the roof of thi hous lyth on cl450 Capgrave Katharine 277.490: Tho wex thi nese et cetera. cl390 Body and Soul V she . . . fayre as the rose. al475 Ludus Co70.87-8: Thi boure is bult so cold in clay. The ventriae 145.303: But fayr . . . as rose on thorn.

R200

493

cl475 Lamentation of Mary Magdalene 414[35]: Fairer than rose. Svartengren 221.

Rose

Susan 78.212: the. cl400 Alexander Buik II 209.3754-5: rose on rys. 1435 Misyn Fire 75.19. cl435 Lydgate St. George in MP I 152. 194: any. cl440 Prose Alexander 94.1-2. cl440 Si. Christopher 464.814-5: Till it was rede one like a syde Als rose es in the somers tyde. al450 Death and Life 3.66: Her mdd redder then the rose, that on the rise hangeth. al450 Macer 122.26: the. al450 Partonope 194 R 5157: the, 453.11381-2: Trapped in clothe of golde full fresshly. That is scarlete as rose was rede. cl450 Heil be thou, Marie in Fumivall Hymns 6.12: As rose in eerbir so reed. cl455 Partonope S 481.18. al475 Greene Carols 136 A 4: any. al475 Landavall 107.62: With ruddy, rede as rose, coloure, 125.435: As rose in May her rude was red. al475 St. Birgitta 68.13: a. cl475 Henryson Testament 112.211. cl477 Caxton Jason 156.1: a, 1481 Mirror 83.1-2: a, cI489 Blanchardyn 64.16: a. alSOO Court of Love 412.101, 436.1016-7. al500 Eger Ρ 196.217: Her rud was red as rose in raine, 256.795. alSOO Gracious and Gay in Robbins 144.11: roose yn may. cl500 Lady Bessy 12[22]: rose in May. elSOO Melusine 213.17-8: a. clSOO Smith 325.295-6: Her mdde redder it is Than the rose is in rayne. 1509 Watson Ship Ee3''[ll]: Rede as two roses. al533 Berners Castell 03··[18]: a, Huon 180.1-2: a. 1555 Heywood E 184.212.2: the. Apperson 526; Oxford 535; Taylor and Whiting 312; Tilley R177; Whiting Scots II 119.

R198 As fresh as (the, a, any) Rose (in May, on thom) с1390 Song of Love in Brown Lyrics XIV 180.95-6: Heo is of colour and beute As fresch as is the Rose In May. cl395 Chaucer CT 1I1[D] 448: I koude walke as fressh as is a rose. al400 Destruction of Troy 122.3771: Rede roicond in white, as the Roose fresshe. al420 Lydgate Troy II 558.5660: Beinge as freshe as any rose newe, III 580.585-6: the, 671.3640: any, 855. 2897: any, aI422 Life 299.729: For she is fayre, and fresshe as Rose in May. cl430 PLydgate Compleynt 64.373: Now as the rose, frosch and newe. al449 Lydgate Mydsomer Rose in MP II 784.104: Fressher than . . . ony somyr rose. al450 О glorious virgyne in Horstmann Sammlung 194.223: Made hire fresche as rose on thome. al450 Partonope 195.5167: She was as freshe as the rose in maye. cl450 Idley 163.250: ony. cl450 La Tour-Landry 166.5-6: a. 1464 Hardyng 284[21]: Yonge, freshe . . . as the rose in Maye. al470 Parker Dives L8''[1.27-8]: Fresshe as a rose in May, full lusty to the eye. al475 Ludus Coventriae 145.303: But . . . fresch as rose on thom. cl477 Caxton Jason 55.16-7: Your colour is fressh as roose in Maye. al500 He said Ba-Bay in Brown Lyrics XV 4-7.7: The virgine fresch as ros in may, 15, 22, etc. al500 Now late me thought 293[36]: Att all tymes fressh as rose in may. 1509 Barclay Ship II 16[22-3]: This prynce . . . Smellynge as the Rose R199a Rose(y)-red ay freshe and redolent. Apperson 235; Oxford clOOO Old English Apollonius of Tyre, ed. 225; Taylor and Whiting 312; Tilley R176. Peter Coolden (Oxford, 1958) 34.2: Apollonius mid rosan rude waes eal oferbraeded. cl225 Horn R199 As red as (a, any, the) Rose(s) 3 С 16: Rose red was his colur. cl350 Alexal250 On God Ureison in Brown Lyrics XIII ander A 127.178. cl350 Libeaus 90.1628. cl380 4.53: Heo beoth so read so rose. cl325 Annot Chaucer CT VIII[G] 254. al400 Orologium 137.11: Hire rode is ase rose that red is on rys. 388.35. cl425 ABC Poem in Pol. Rei. and Love cl325 Maid of Ribbesdale in Böddeker 156.35-6: Poems 271.9. al450 Partonope 291.7399-400. And rode on eke. Ase rose when hit redes. cl450 When the son 395.450: rosy reede. al500 cl330 Praise of Women 291.47: White and rede Alexander-Cassamus 67.373: rosy red. al500 so rose on riis. al3S0 An Orison in Brown Lyrics Beauty of his Mistress HI in Robbins 126.16. XIV 30.29: Ladi, flour of alle, so rose in erber al500 Guy^ 13.75. al500 Peterborough Lapidary red. cl350 Libeaus 53.937. cl350 Proprium in Lapidaries 69[24]. Taylor and Whiting 312; Sanctorum 84.101: on Rys. al375 William Whiting Ballad 30-1. 37.882. cI385 Chaucer TC ii 1256, cI386 LGW F 112. cl390 Castel of Love 373.719: eny. cl390 R200 As ruddy as (a, the) Rose Chaucer CT VII 726[В1916]. al400 Athelston cl200 St. Juliana 17.196-19.197: Rudi ase rose. 69.71. al400 Chestre Launfal 79.937: As rose cl350 Libeaus 73.1321-2: For a lady of pris, on rys her rode was red. al400 Cursor II 570 Roddy as rose on rise. cl378 Piers В xiii 99: As FOT 9927. al400 Destruction of Troy 297. rody as a rose rubbed his chekes. al400 De9129-30: Hir face . . . That was red as the struction of Troy 99.3048: the, 129.3987: the. Roses, richest of coloure. al400 Firumbras al400 Meditations 56.2124: Thou art rodier 23.692: any. al400 Romaunt В 2399. al400 than rose on rys. cl400-25 Legat Sermon 12.90-1.

Rose

494

R201

al450 Partonope 194.5157: the. al450 Three and thom in his entent. Apperson 451; Oxford Middle English Sermons 43.715: a. cl450 Cap- 549; Tilley R182. grave Katharine 277.490: the. el450 La TourR205 The Rose is above all other flowers (varied) Landry 166.5-6: a. al475 Assembly of Gods cI330 Praise of Women 293.109-10: As over alle 24.806: a. aI475 Gui/^ 133.4656. 1485 Caxton other fleures Rose yrailed on riis. cl395 WBible Charles 90.12-3: rose in maye. cl485 Mary I Peter iii 3 gloss [IV 609]: Bi excellence, as a Magdalene (Digby) 91.959: the. al500 О my roose is seid the flour of flours. al400 Destruclady dere in Rawlinson MS. С 813 331.118: a. tion of Troy 21-2.624-6: As the Roose in his 1506 Hawes Pastime 146.3858: a. al533 Berners Radness is Richest of floures. In the moneth Arthur 334[ll-2]: a, 540[30]: a fresh rose, Huon of May when medowes are grene. So passis thi 120.35-121.1: a, 451.18: a, 550.29: a 1534 Heypropurty perte wemen all. al420 Lydgate Troy wood BS 250.19: the. Tilley R177. I 89.2601-2: Passyng echon, me liste not for to glose, Amongis flouris as doth the rede rose, R201 As sweet as (any, the) Rose al400 Meditations 29.1081-2: Ihesu is swetter 1420 Temple 10-1.250-64: A ladi . . . (who) . . . of savour than rose . . . or any other flour, as the rose in swetnes and odoure Surmounteth 50.1900: That swetter is than rose in May. floures . . . Surmounteth al. alSOO Partenay 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Vernon) 220.395-6: 4.106: As rose is above al floures most fine. A savour Swettur then eny Rose flour. cl475 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 3.17-8: Lyke as the Wisdom 48.387-8: Hys laws to pursew, Ys royss in June with hir sweit smell The maryguld swetter to me than sawoure of the rose. alSOO or dasy dolth excell. al533 Berners Arthur Beauty of his Mistress II in Robbins 124.7: 376[29]: The rose is chefe of all floures. See Swete as the roose that groeth on the rysse. R227, S889. cl500 Newton 272.14: Fare-wele as swat as ros on hill. Taylor and Whiting 312; Tilley R178; R206 The Rose springs from the brier (thom) (varied) Whiting Scote II 119. al200 Ancrene 142.9-10: Deale . . . breres rose R202 As wan as Rose unred (etc.) (A number blostmen? cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 491. of single quotations are brought together here) 6794-5: That as the rose springth of the brer al325 Cursor 111 1400 CG 24471: Thi face es that ssarp and kene is, Also com that dene wan as ros unrede. cl350 Libeaus 53.955-6: maide of the luther man iwis. al325 Cursor II Giffrouns lemman is clere. As rose in erbere. 538.9365-6: For als the rose es bred о thom. al400 PChaucer Дот. A 1015-6: As whyt as Sua was maria о Juus bom. al350 Edward the . . . rose in rys, Hir face. 1464 Hardyng 284[21]: Confessor 11.299-302: Thet of holi lif and Lusty as the rose in Maye. al533 Berners Huon chaste was thet of hire father was bigete, As 549.7-8: Her mouth as vermeyl as a rose. the rose cometh out of the brer as hit is of hire iwrite. For the rose springth out of the brer that R203 The fairest Rose takes soonest fading so scharp and kene is, Also dude the dene maide cl475 Thewis 176.10: As farest ross takis sonest of the lutherman iwis. al376 Piers A χ 119-23: faidinge. Cf. Oxford 548-9; Tilley R180. Riht as the rose that red is and swote. Out of a ragged roote and of rouwe breres Springeth R204 Rose(s) and thom(s) and spredeth that spicers desyreth. Or as whete a900 Old English Martyrology 160.11-2: He eardode in heeöenra midlene swa swa rose sio out of a weod waxeth uppon eorthe. So Dobest out of Dowel and Dobet doth springe. al400 wyrt biS on Jîoma midlyn®. al420 Lydgate Orologium 337.42-3: Trewe loveres take not Troy 111 652.2986-9: But as the thorn hid under myche fors of the thome that bereth the rose, the rose, Whos malys ay dareth by the rote. so that thei mowe have the roose that thei Though the flour a-bove be fayr and sote. That desyrene. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 43.1016: Al be men Sie fraude under may nat se, al439 Fall I the Roose grow out of a thom. 1447 Bokenham 2.57-8: Bi exaumple, as there is no rose 2.44-5: No man the rose awey doth throwe Spryngyng in gardeyns, but ther be sum thom, Althow it growe up-on a thom, 10.348-50: But 111.3998-9: Thouh that roses at mydsomer be ryht as of a ful sharp thom Growyth a rose ful soote, Yit undimethe is hid a ful sharp spyne, al449 Look in MP II 768.115: Sharp thomys hyd bothe fayr and good, So sprong Margrete of the hethene blood, 58.2115-6: But lych as oftyn somtyme undir roosys, St. Austin in MP I ofiF a full scharp thom Flouris spryngyn fayre 205.389: Cheese we the roosys, cast away the and delycious. al449 Lydgate Look in MP II thorn. Say the Best in MP II 798.104-5: Resemblyng and braydyng on a rose, Outward fayre. 769.147-8: The holsome roser for al his soote

R212

495

Rose-flower

odouris, Growith on thomys prykyng sharp cl386 St. Erkenwald 7.91: With ronke rode as and keene. a1449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees the rose. al400 PChaucer Rom. A 856-7: She 16.508-10: Takyng exaunple by two thynges in semed lyk a rose newe Of colour. al400 a Roose; Fflrst how the fflour greet swetnesse Chestre Launfal 61.295-6: The rede rose, whan doth dispoose, Yit in the thom men fynde greet sehe ys newe, Ayens her rode nes naught of sharpnesse. al450 St. Katherine (Gibbs) 7[25]: hewe. al420 Lydgate Troy III 580.567-8: As And ryght as the fayre and swoote rose spryngeth quik of hewe To be-holde as any rose newe, amonge the thomes. al450 South English Leg1420 Temple 43.1042-3: Right as the fressh endary {Bodley) 334.9-10: Ryght was this good rodi rose nwe Of hir coloure to wexin she bigan. childe of false kende I-come So is the swete rose cl440 Dégrevant 36.534: Hir rod as the rose on of a charp thom I-nome. cl450 Capgrave Kathryse. al449 Lydgate Si. Petronilla in MP I arine 21.52-4: But ryght thus, wrot thei that 158.110: Lyke red roses ran doun hir chast blode. were ful wys, Oute of the hard, thorny brymbylal450 Castle 137.2027: Rode as rose on rys I-rent. tre Groveth the fresh rose, as men may see, al475 Landavall 109.109-10: The rede rose 29.201: Shulde this mayde sprynge as Rose oute whan it is newe To her rud is not of hewe. of thorn, Solace 88[32-3]: So rede I he seith cl475 Henryson Orpheus 140.354: Quhair is origen as thou I schuld gader roses fro thornes. your mde as ross with cheikis quhyte. 1485 cl450 Edward the Confessor Prose 11 113[9-10]: Caxton Paris 26.13-4: Alle hyr chere was A good virgyn of an evil fader, lyke as a fair coloured lyke a fresshe rose in the monthe of rose of swete savour cometh of a sharpe prikkMaye. al500 Alemnder-Cassamus 62.252: Her yng thome. cl450 Myroure of owe Ladye fresche face so rosy-hewed bright, 63.269: The 283[ll-2]: The rose groweth amongest thomes face so whit, and rosy heue, 72.460-1: Hir face, and yet yt ys in yt selfe moste softe. al464 W(h)ich that is coloured of rose and leleye lye. Capgrave Chronicle 128[20-1]: As a thom al500 Catalogue of Delights in Robbins 121.26: bringith forth a rose, so sprang Ydani of Godwyn. cl477 Caxton Jason 43.1: She is without peer Her mdy is lyke the rose yn may. al500 Quare 196.39-40: Off coloure was sehe lik unto the as the rose among thornes, 1483 Cato E4'' 32]: Oute of the thome groweth the rose. Golden rose, Boith quhite and red ymeynt. al533 BerLegende 125''[1.21-2]: The rose that cometh of ners Huon 549.5: Colouryd lyke the red rose. the thome, ЗУГр.Зг-З]: Lyke as the fayr rose Whiting Scote II 119. spryngeth among the breris and thomes. al496 Rote or Myrour I4''[10]: The swete rose groweth R208 To fade like a Rose on the sharpe thomes. al500 Disciplina Clericalis al439 Lydgate Fall 1 26.942: Al worldU welthe 21 [5-6]: Roses spryngen on thomes nat for shal fadyn as a rose. cl450 Idley 160.100: Ffor that they bien nat blasfemed. al500 Peare of this pompis worlde woll fade as a rose. cl475 Provence in Pol. Rei and Love Poems 299[19-20]: Henryson Fables 56.1584-5: Rieht as the Rois He thouhtt upon the feyer lady and upon with froist and wynter weit Faidis, swa dois Arestotles proverbe, and said in this wise: "Sicut the warld. Rosa inter spinas. Sic amica inter filias." cl505 R209 To shine like a Rose Watson Valentine 163.22-4: For amongest a clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 64[14]: Ge to lytelre bus(sh)e of thomes is oftentymes founde a hwile scinon swa rose. Lives II 362.114-5: florysshed rose. 1510 Copland Apolyn 78[5-6]: Cyne-helmas . . . Scinende swa swa rose. 1513 The rose groweth amonge thomes and sharpe Douglas Aeneid II 46.163: Hir nek schane lyke pryckes and is not of it self pryckynge. 1513 onto the royss in May. Bradshaw St. Werburge 33.724-5: Dothe not a royall rose from a brere procede, Passynge the R210 To stand on change like a midsummer stocke with pleasaunt dylectacyon? 1532 Hemers Rose Golden Boke 221.3332: What rose of thomes? al449 Lydgate As a Mydsomer Rose in MP II See F313. 781-4.8: Al stant on chaung, lyke a mydsomyr rose, 16, 24, etc. R207 To be like a Rose (varied) R211 To take one for a Rose that breeds a burr cl300 Havelok 99.2918-21: The heu is swilk 1546 Heywood D 37.88: I toke hir for a rose, in hire 1er So (is) the rose in roser, Hwan it is but she breedth a burre. Apperson 539; Oxford fayre sprad ut newe Ageyn the sunne briht and 665; Tilley R181. lewe. cl325 Lady, Have Ruth on Me in Brown Lyrics Xlll 140.32: Hire rode so rose on rys. R212 As blood-red as Rose-flower

Rose-flower

al400 Meditations rose-flour.

496

12.422; That is blod-red as

R213 aI400 Eglamour 40.608-9: 1 sail the gyffe a nobili stede. Es rede als any rone. NED Rone, sb.2, Rowani; Whiting Scots II 119.

R213 As red as Rose-flower al400 Meditations 18.660: Red as rose-flour. R224 As red as (the) Ruby al400 Rowlande 74.620: Hir rode red als rose al437 Kingis Quair 88.153[5]: Thair curali fynnis, as the ruby rede. cl500 King Hart floure. cl400 Toulouse 228.200. 97.10: As ruby reid. al503 Dunbar Thrissil R214 As white as Rose-flower 110.96: Reid of his cullour, as is the ruby glance, al400 Meditations 18.660: Whit . . . as rose- al508 Goldyn Targe 113.24: Throu bemes rede flour. birnyng as ruby sperkis. MED adrop; Taylor Comparisons 68; Taylor and Whiting 313; R215 Not give a Rose-flower cl400 Pbwman's Tale 171.751-2: Though all Whiting Scots II 119.

hir parish dye unshrive. They woll nat give a R225 As round as Ruby rose-flour. с 1380 Chaucer Rosemounde 4: And lyke ruby ben your chekes rounde. Whiting Scots II 119. R216 To pass like a Rose-flower cl408 Lydgate Reson 163.6223-4: But passe, as R22e A royal Ruby may be closed in a poor dooth a Rose flour, Al unwarly with a shour. sack R217 To shine like Rose-flower 1430 Lydgate Si. Margarete in MP I 174.13-4: cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes A Royal Ruby in whiche ther is no lak. May (Vernon) 300.41-2: Hir colour, That schyned closed ben in a ful pore sak. See H3. as . . . Rose flour. R227 The Ruby has sovereignty over rich R2I8 To be like a red Roser (rose-bush) stones (varied) al400 Meditations 46.1752: His lippes lyk a red al405 Lydgate Floure in MP II 414.120-5: And roser. as the ruby hath the soveraynte Of ryche stones R219 The Rother's (ox's) bell, the hound's hoppe and the regalye . . . Ryght so . . . She passeth (?bell), the blashom (horn), each is a melda al, 1420 Temple 10.259-61: And as the rubie bright Of al stones in beaute and in sight. As (informer) c950 Edgar's Hundredgemot in Liebermann I it is know, hath the regalie, al439 Fall II 194.8[B]: HrySeres belle, hundes hoppe, blaeshom 424.3411-2: Gaff as gret brihtnesse As doth a . . . aslc is melda geteald. Cf. II 287, s.u. An- rubi above ech other ston, 1439 St. Alton 116.298: As amonge stones the Ruby is moost zeiger, III 132-3. See A250. shene. See R205, 8889. R220 To take the Rough with the smooth cl400 Beryn 37.1152: Take yeur part as it R228 As sweet as Rue comyth, of roughe and eke of smoth. Apperson cl500 Cock 3[9]: For as swete was theyr brethe 539; Oxford 549. See B324, P38, S945, T65, as . . . rewe. 127, W432, 657. R229 As bright as Ruel-bone (ivory) R221 To dread as Rouncy does spur cl330 Gregorius 169 A 994: Brighter than the сХЗОО Havelok 86.2568-9: For he him dredde rouwel bon. See B441. swithe sore. So runci spore, and mikle more. R230 Better Rule than be niled R222 To walk (run, prowl) at Rover{s) 1546 Heywood D 26.26: And better to rale, 1528 More Heresyes 228 C[14-5]: To walke than be raled by the rout, 1555 E 162.100: at rovers, E[l]: ronne at rovers, 1533 Con- Better rule, then be rulde. Tilley R193. See futación 554 D[5-6]: Like unbrideled coltes P240. to ranne out at rovers, 736 B[8-9]: ninne oute at, 744 E[4-5]: runnyng at, 753 G[2]: ninne out at, R 2 3 1 He Rules well that can guide himself well 786 E[7]: runne at, 810 E[8-9]: ninne out at. al513 Dunbar Rewl of Anis Self 75-6.8: He 1546 Heywood D 42.37-8: Ye proule At rovers, rewlis Weill that weill him self can gyd, 16, 73.110: Leat not you toung roon at rover, 99.22: 24, etc. See M414. All the licour renne at rover. Apperson 541; R232 In good Rule is mickle rest Oxford 664; Tilley R194, T394. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.45: In gode rewle is mykil reste. R223 As red as any Rowan

R252

497

Rush

R233 To bear no more Rule than a goose turd R246 Not count (at) a Rush al376 Piers A iii 137: Counteth hit not at a in the Thames 1546 Heywood D 79.57: Bearyng no more rule, russche, cI378 В xi 420: Of clergie ne of his than a goose turd in terns. Tilley R202. conseil he counteth nought a rusche, al387 С xiii 196: Other for a confessour ykud that R234 Common Rumor is oft truth counteth nat a ruysshe. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 52[7]: And oft common rumour is truth I thee promise. See M309. R247 Not doubt the value of a Rush (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together R235 He may ill Run that cannot go (walk) here) 1546 Heywood D 94.135: Men sale he maie yll cl380 Ferumbras 4.124: Ne douteth he kyng ne renne, that can not go, 1555 E 165.114. Apperson Emperour the value of a ryssche. al393 Cower 325; Oxford 553; Tilley R208. See G179. CA 11 131.42: Thogh it availe hem noght a reisshe. al425 St. Robert 69.884: Myght noght R236 He may Run that shall read cl395 WBible Habakkuk ii 2: Write thou the chaunge hys chere a rysshe. cl450 Sf. Cuthbert 177.6077: Noght harmed the valu of a resch. revelacioun, and make it pleyn on tablis, that al500 Eger H 193.201: Mine harness helped not he renne, that schal rede it. Tilley R211. me a resh. 1532 More Confutación 495 C[7-8]: R237 He Runs far that never turns again I woulde not geve a rushe. 1546 Heywood D 91.22: He ninth far, that never tumth againe, 1555 E 159.82, 1560 E 217.69.1: R248 Not regard a Rush He goth farre that never doth turne him backe. 1534 More Comforte 1141 G[10-l]: I regarde Apperson 249:10; Oxford 553; Tilley R210. him not a ryshe. Taylor and Whiting 314. R238 He that Runs fast may stumble on stones R249 Not set (at) a (three) Rush(es) cl450 Idley 91.621: He that renneth fast may al393 Cower CA II 378.2853: 1 sette slep noght stomble on stonys. See H168. at a risshe. al430 Hoccleve Roundel II 36-7.4: Nat sette by thy pleynte risshes three, 10, 16, R239 Who best might Run best he sped al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1 178.5063-5: Ilk 24. al450 Generydes В 54.1680: Of all his payne that ther myght fle, they fledde; That best he wolde not sett a rissh. al450 Partonope 373. myght renne, best he spedde, Bettere was fle, 9099: Of myn enemeys I wole not sette a risshe. al450 St. Editha 101.4537: That he set not by than worse abide. See H510. his lyff a rysshe. Whiting Drama 361:812. R240 Running is not of swift men neither is battle of strong men R250 Not worth a (two) Rush(es) cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes ix 11: Rennyng is al349 Papelard Priest 45.77: Al my Rout ryot nys not of swift men, nethir batel is of stronge men. nout wor a ruch. cl378 Piers A xi 17: Wisdam Oxford 530; Taylor and Whiting 301. and wit nou is not worth a russche, a1387 В iv 170: And yit yeve ye me nevere the worthe R241 As right as a Rush of a russhe. cl425 Hoccleve Jonathas 222.193. al400 PChaucer Лот. A 1701: The stalke was cl445 Pecock Donet 136.14-5: Bi eny argument as rishe right. Cf. Svartengren 276: straight. which is worth a risch. al450 Salutation in Brown Lyrics XV 31.31. cl450 Greene Carols R242 As rough as a Rush al400 Alexander С 246.4726: Thai (giants) ware 405.4. al471 Ashby Policy 39.837: Suche maner reule is nat worthe two Russhes. a1475 Ludus as rughe as a resche the bake and the sidis. Coventriae 28.391. aI500 Piers of Fullham 3.20. R243 Dear enough a Rush 1532 More Confutación 464 D[7]: Not worthe cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1161: Noot 1 nought what, one ryshe, 486 H[9]: a, 722 H[3], 828 G[9-10], al deere ynough a rysshe. 1533 Apologye 26[28-9], Debellacyon 1012 R244 No more than a Rush F[9]. Apperson 458:39; Tilley S918. al325 Cursor III 1228.21441: О ranscun namar R251 Only the value of a Rush than a ress (vars. risshe, rish). aI393 Cower CA III 74.4693-4: Than gete of R245 Not care a Rush him in hard or neisshe Only the value of a 1509 Fyftene Joyes G5''[30-l]: I Care not therof reysshe. a rysshe. 1549 Heywood D 95.155: Care not a rushe. Taylor and Whiting 314; Tilley S917; R252 Straw (strew) green Rushes for the stranger Whiting Drama 361:812. 1546 Heywood D 65.22: Greene rushes for this

Rust

498

straunger, strawe here (quoth she). Apperson 274; Oxford 626; Tilley R213. R253 As red as Rust al400 Julian Revelations was red as rust.

R253 cl450 Epistle of Othea 136.17: Owte of a cankred sweerd is hard to rubbe the rust.

R255 Rust may not be scoured with rust al422 Lydgate Life 328.246-7: For Ruste with Rust, may nat scowrede be No foule with fylthe, B254 It is hard to rub the Rust out of a cankered may nat be puryfied. (corroded) sword 199[10-1]: His hair

II 594.10: But tumbeled adowne oute of his 51 As black as Sable al393 Gower CA III 465.2904: A Peire of Bedes sadyll to the erthe as a sak. cl489 Caxton blak as Sable. cl460 Satirical Description 204[2]. Aymon I 238.27-8: And layed hym upon a lityll al500 Scorn of Women in Robbins 225.39: Were horse overhwarte like a sacke of corne. tomyd into ynke, blakkyr than sabyll. al513 58 To be out of the Saddle Dunbar Of the Warldis Vanitie 151.19. 1513 1549 Heywood D 95.150: Although I be ones Douglas Aeneid IV 89.99. out of the saddle cast. Tilley S18. Sia Sable-black 59 Where Saddles lack better ride on a pad cl475 Henryson Testament 112.221: The uther than on the horse bare-back half Sabill black. 1549 Heywood D 40.173-4: Where saddles lacke 52 As sad (dark) as Sable cl480 Contemplacioun 203.457: With colour sad as sable. 53 As black as a Sack 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 2''[2.36-7]: The sonne shall be blacke as a sacke. 54 It is a bad Sack that will abide no clouting 1546 Heywood D 66.12: It is a bad sacke that will abide no cloutyng. Apperson 325; Oxford 19; Tilley S6. 55 An old Sack asks much patching 1546 Heywood D 64.84: An olde sacke axeth much patchyng. Apperson 466-7; Oxford 473; Tilley S8.

Better ride on a pad, than on the horse bare backe. Apperson 542; Oxford 554; Tilley S19.

510 Safe and sound al325 Cursor II 454.7867-8: Sauf and sond ai mot thou be To all the folk es under the. al375 William. 93.2816: That he sauf was and sou(n)d fro the men a-schaped. cl395 WBible Tobit viii 15: And foond hem saaf and sounde. al415 Mirk Festial 17.15: And soo he yede sonde and saf hys way. al437 Kingis Quair 92.165[4]: And set thame on agane full sauf and sound. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 308" [2.6]. cl505 Watson Valentine 62.28, 110.36, 319.15-6. al533 Berners Huon 130.9-10. A. A. Prins French Influence in English Phrasing (Leiden, 1952) 252-3; Taylor and Whiting 315.

se The Sack of ambition is without bottom cl523 Barclay Mirrour 64[47-9]: To beare of 511 As yellow as Saffron ambition the sacke insaciable, The sacke with- cl330 Seven Sages A 4 В 101: His here was out bottome which never can say hoo, The yelow as the safferon. cl390 Chaucer CT VII moo they receyve, alway they gape for moo. 730[В1920]: His heer, his berd was lyk saffroun. al400 Of erbis xxiiii in Anglia 18 (1895-6) S7 To fare like torn Sacks (etc.) (A number of 320.521: Hys wyse is yelw lyk safroun. Svartensingle quotations are brought together here) gren 251; Whiting NC 469. cl400 Laud Troy I 192.6518: Ther aketons ferd as toren sekkes, 201.6824: And lefft hem ligge 512 To be hke a Saffron-bag as a sak, II 436.14792: He teres the mayles as al508 Dunbar Flyting 10.171: Thy skolderit skin, it were sekkes. al450 Generydes A 117.3722: hewd lyk ane saffrone bag. NED Saffron 6c; Boistous bodies, as it wer a sak. al470 Malory Whiting Ballad 25. 499

Sail

500

513 As broad as a Sail cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1687-8: A tayl Brodder than of a carryk is the sayl. 514 To bear a low Sail al393 Gower CA II 55.704-5: Bot whanne he berth lowest the Seil, Thanne is he swiftest to beguile. cl522 Skelton Speke II 21.422: He make(th) them . . . to bere a lowe sayle. NED Sail sb.i 3a. 515 To hoist up Sail 1546 Heywood D 34.35: I will streight . . . hoyse up sail. 516 One must ask Saints if it is fair in heaven cl385 Chaucer TC ii 894-6: Men mosten axe at seyntes if it is Aught fair in hevene (why? for they kan telle). And axen fendes is it foul in helle.

S13 cl475 Henryson Fables 46.1270: Thocht he wer trew as ever wes sanct Johne.

522 St. John to borrow cl385 Chaucer Mars 9: Taketh your leve; and with seint John to borowe. al393 Gower CA III 40.3416: And tok himself seint John to borwe. cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 596: And took hym by the hond, Seint John to borwe. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 383.12: And Hope also, with Saint John to borowe, aI420 Troy I 103. 3082: The(i) toke her leve, with seynt(e) John to borwe. al437 Kingis Quair 51.23[5]: With mony "fare wele" and "Sanct Johne to borowe." al500 Colkelbie 301.153: Than angrit scho sa and said sanct Johine to borrow. 1509 Fyftene Joy es C8''[8]: Than drynke they fast and saye saynt John to borowe. Oxford 557.

523 To say St. Julian's paternoster SIT To look like a Saint and be worse than the 1518 Watson Oliver F4''[19-20]: But and ye devil had sayd Saynt Julyans pater noster ye had al460 Towneley Plays 375.267-8: She lookys founde better lodgynge. like a saynt. And wars then the deyle. alSOO О man more 394.26: The many on ys develyshe 524 As round as St. Katherine's wheel 1534 Heywood Love B3^'[16-7]: Sent katheryns and lokes lyke a saynt. Tilley S30. whele Was never so round as was her hele. 518 To speak like a Saint and work contrary al500 Proverbs of Salamon 186.62.1-2: Some 525 As holy as St. Paul men speken lyke a seynte, Full ofte contrarye 1506 Barclay Castell E6'[18]: Were he as holy as was saynt poule. the werke ys wrought. 519 Young Saint old devil 526 On St. Valentine's day every fowl chooses its al400 Qui Habitat 9.2-3: And callen hem make (mate) ypocrites or yong seyntes, olde develes. cl415 cl380 Chaucer PF 309-10: For this was on seynt Middle English Sermons 159.37-40: Itt is a Valentynes day, Whan every foul cometh there comond proverbe bothe of clerkes and of laye to chese his make. 1477 Paston V 266[12-3]: men, "younge seynt, old dewell." And so thei Uppon Fryday is Sent Volentynes Day, and am disceyveyd. For often tymes sonere thou every brydde chesyth hym a make. Apperson seyst a younge man die than an old man. 548; Oxford 559; Tilley 866. al450 Of the seven Ages 484[7]: Yonge saynt aide devell is ane aide sawe. al470 Parker Dives 527 Old Sakes (strifes) come to new wandreth C2'[1.17-21]: Dives: And yet it is a comon (misery) proverbe, yonge saynt olde devyll. Pauper: It al325 Cursor 1 288.4949-50: Now es us comen is a synfull proverbe, to drawe men to synne our aid sakes In to wandret new, and wrakes, fro vertue, fro god to the fende. al470 Harley al400 F; Wille light on us with harde wrakis, MS.3362 f.2a in Retrospective 309[1] and Förster G; Into wandred sin and wrake, T: Now is 199.1. al500 Additional MS.37075 278.18. aI513 comen oure aller sake Into woo synne and Dunbar Merle 135.35: Of yung sanctis growis wrake. auld feyndis but faill. 1546 Heywood D 39.124, 1555 E 155.61. Apperson 720; Oxford 739; 528 To pick a Salad Tilley S33; Whiting Drama 220, Scots II 120. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 37.28-9: He that laboureth no thynge holy but catcheth a patche See M253. of every thynge is mete t(o) руке a salet. NED Salad 2c. 520 St. George to borrow 1511 Hawes Comforte A6^[25]: Good be my 529 Whoso buys evil (not well) shall make a guyde, and saynt George unto borowe. sorry Sale 521 As true as St. John cl450 Spurious Chaucerian line in Manly-Rick-

S5 7

501

Samson

ert V 437: For who so evel byeth shal make a 840 To lay Salt on a bird's tail 1533 More Answer 1108 GH: A man myghte sory sale. See S173, W369. send a child about with salt in his hand, and S30 From hence to Salisbury bidde him goe catch a byrde, by laying a little c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 136.763: From hence salte on her tayle, and when the byrde is to Salisbury. flowen, coumfort hym then to goe catch another, and tell hym he hadde caughte that and 831 To walk on Salisbury Plain c l 4 5 0 Capgrave Katharine 265.117-9: And it had tarried a little. 1556 Heywood Spider therfore, er he deyed onte of this stryf. He stank 59[14]: To go lay salt on an other flies taile. on erthe as evere dede carayn—Lete hym goo Apperson 549; Oxford 560; Taylor and Whiting walke on sarysbury playn. Cf. Tilley S73. 29, 316-7; Tilley B401. 532 As sweet as Salmon al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage than samoun.

414.15365: Swettere

841 To soak like Salt into flesh c l 2 5 0 Proverbs of Alfred 98 Τ 256-7: Him suhth soreghe to, So deth the salit on fles.

842 Lay a new Salve to an old sore 533 Foul Salt is good enough for foul butter c l 4 0 0 Cower Peace III 485.122: Ley to this c l 4 5 0 Rylands MS.394 92.19: Fowle salte is olde sor a newe salve. good inow for foule buttur. 834 Salt and meal nourish many a brothel 843 Lay Salve to your own sore c l 5 2 2 Skelton Colyn I 330.482: Lay salve to (wretch) your ovme sore. See C153, L171. al500 Hill 130.5: Salt and mele norissheth many a brothell. Cum sale farina nutritur 844 A little Salve may medicine a great sickness plurima scurra. 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) 236.76970: A litell salve, sir, suth it es, May medcyn a 835 Salt saves cattle (property) full grete sekenes. See M159, 483, T113, 203. c l 3 7 8 Piers В xv 421: Salt saveth catel, seggen this wyves. 845 The Salve comes too late to festered sores al439 Lydgate Fall III 1003.2996-7: To late 836 Salt seasons (gives savor to) all (meats) kometh the salve and medecyne To festrid soris 1340 Ayenbite 242[19]: Vor ase thet zalt yefth whan thei be incurable. See C51, L168, M484. smac to the mete. al400 Scottish Legends I 4.110: And as salt sesonis al. cl400 Vices and Virtues 268.32: Right as the salt geveth savour 846 To need no Salve (i.e., be dead) al400 Firumbras 3.21: Ther-at Dorinydale doun to alle metes. Apperson 549; Oxford 560; Tilley glode ther nedyd no salve, с1450 Merlin II 880. 193[19-20]: Whom he a-raught a full stroke 837 To be like Salt among quick (Ιίυέ) eels neded hym no salve, 624[33-4]: Smote hem so al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 479[2-3]: I am i-sette harde that thei metten that thei neded no salve. among men of court as salt among quyk elys. See L17e. 838 To be the Salt of the earth 847 To see the Salve before the sore clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 536[15-6]: Ge sind al393 Cower CA II 274.1801-3: Bot Nestor, ¡jsere eorSan sealt. clOOO Ecclesiastical Institutes which was old and hor, The salve sih tofore the II 402[13-4]: To us is gecweden Jjurh ume sor. As he that was in conseil wys. See D16. Drihten. Ge syndan eoröan sealt. clOOO WSG Matthew ν 13: Ge synt eorj^an sealt; gyf {jaet 848 As manly as Samson sealt awyrô on Jiam J>e hit (gesylt biS, hit) ne al500 Lady of Pite in MLR 49(1954) 292.69: mœg sySÖan to nahte. cI395 WBible Matthew ν Manly as Sampson. 13: Ye ben salt of the erthe; that if the salt 849 As mighty as Samson vanysche awey, whereynne schal it be saltid? 1449 Metham 48.1302: Thow ye were as myghty 1528 More Heresyes 143 D[14]: Ye be the salt of as Sampson. Whiting Drama 325:280. the erth. Taylor and Whiting 316. 850 As stiff (firm) as Samson 839 To eat without Salt or bread al425 Chester Plays I 192.164: Stiffer then ever c l 4 0 0 Beryn 37.1168: Yit wold she have I-ete Sampson was. his hert, with-out(e) salt or brede. Apperson 176:14; Oxford 166; Taylor and Whiting 316; 851 As strengthy as Samson Tilley 878. al450 Song of Mortality in Brown Lyrics XIV

Samson

502

96.15: Strengthy and sträng to wreke thi wrang als ever was sampson. al500 Salomon sat and sayde 291.25: And therto als strenthy als evyr was sampson.

S52 noumbrable as the gravel (cl395: soond) of the see in multitude. c l 3 9 0 Prikke of love 271.99103: Yif thou weore bounde for to telle In the see the smale gravelle. Or sterres in the ffirmament, Thow heddest gret neode, verrement, flForto a-vise the wonder wel. c l 3 9 5 WBible Judges vii 12: The camelis weren unnoumbrable as gravel that liggeth in the brenke of the see, Hosea i 10: The sones of Israel schal be as gravel of the see, which gravel is with out mesure, Hebrews xi 12: Ther ben borun . . . as gravel is at the see side out of noumbre. Apocalypse xx 7: Whos noumbre is as the gravel of the see. al400 Orologium 342.40-1: I have sinnede passynge the noumbre of the grávele of the see. al400 Pauline Epistles Hebrews xi 12: Ben manye born . . . as the gravelle innumerable that is att the se syde. al475 Ludus Coventriae 50.221-4: As sond in the se doth ebbe and flowe Hath cheselys many unnumerabyll So xal thi sede . . . Eneres. alSOO Miroure of Mans Salvacionne 54[16]: My synne passes in noumbre the gravell . . . in the see. Svartengren 397-8; Tilley S91.

552 As strong as Samson clOOO Be rihtan cristendome in Napier 146.31147.1: And se haefde Samsones strengöe, se waes ealra eoröwarena strengest. al200 Ancrene 203.8: Samsones strengthe. al325 Cursor I 252.4298: Strenger than ever sampson was. al325 Otuel and Roland 138.2523: Thow were strong as sampson. cl330 Degare 93.562. 1340 Ayenbite 204[13-4]. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 955: But he be stronger than Sampson. cl390 Of cieñe Maydenhod 465.19-20: And ther-to so strong to tere As in his tyme was Sampson. al400 Torrent 4.95. al400 Pricke 240.8931-2: And thare-with als mykelle strenthe had omang Als Sampson had, that was so Strang, 243.9025. al400 PWyclif Ten Commandments in SEW III 88[4]. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 226.1. c l 4 1 0 Mirror of Sinners in Yorbhire Writers II 437[ll-2]. с 1415 Middle English Sermons 68.6-7. al450 Generydes A 172.5536. al450 Song of Mortality in Brown Lyrics XIV 96.15: Strang to wreke thi 555 As many (thick) as the Sands (gravel) of the wrang als ever was sampson. cl450 Pilgrimage sea (varied) LM 106[31]. 1456 Hay Law 65.9: Sampson the 897 Alfred Boethius 19.1-2: Swa fela welena wicht. 1484 Caxton Royal Book R3''[6-7], 1489 swa [Dara sondcorna biS be {jisum saeclifum. Doctrinal I4''[14], К3115-6]. 1493 Tretyse of c900 Paris Psalter 135 (138.16): Hi Ьеоб ofer Love 81.9-10: The strength of Sampson. al500 sandcom sniome manige. clOOO Aelfric HomiJeaste 218.374. al500 Kennedy 26.18. al500 lies I 536[30-l]: Heora getel is mare Sonne Miroure of Mans Salvacionne 145[16]. cl500 sand-ceosol, II 190[27-9]: On Egypta-landa, on St. Anne (3) 115.153: Who was strenger in his öam anum waes corn, swa hit gecweden is, "Swa dayes than was sampson. cl502 Lyfe of Joseph fela swa biÖ sand-ceosol on sas," 576[28-30]: 50.411: Moche stronger than Sampson that had Him forgeaf Sa God swa micelne wisdom, and no pere. 1509 Watson Ship В8''[12]. al513 Dunsnotomysse, and bradnysse heortan, swa swa bar Of Manis Mortalitie 149.10: Strong Sampsand-ceosol on sae-strande. al300 Alisaunder sone. al533 Berners Huon 372.1-2: Yf ye were 99.1739-40: And moo men with stronge bones as strong and as great as ever was Sampson. Than ben in the cee gravel-stones. c l ^ O Rolle Taylor Comparisons 79; Tilley S85; Whiting Psalter 281 (77.31): And as gravel of the see Scots II 120-1. foghils fethird. c l 3 9 5 WBible Psalms Ixxvii 27: He reinede volatils fethered, as the gravel of the see, I Maccabees xi 1: The kyng of Egipt gade553 As heavy as Sand ride an oost, as gravel that is aboute the brynke c l 4 5 0 Jacob's Well 228.6: And thou art hevy of the see. al400 Northern Verse Psalter I 255 as sande in slugnesse. (77.27): Fogheles fethered, als sand of see. c l 4 2 5 554 As innumerable as the Sands (gravel) of the Speculum Sacerdotale 222.21-2: A multitude of sea (varied) men as thicke as gravylle lythe in the see. c875 Azarias in Exeter Book 89.36-9: Swa unc l 4 5 0 Alphabet I 57.27: I hafe synnyd öfter rime . . . Swa warojja sond ymb sealt waeter. than ther is gravell in the see. alSOO Craft of al325 Cursor I 142.2345-7: That naman suld Dying in Yorkshire Writers II 409[47-8]: As cun sume ne neven . . . Ñamar then gravel many other synnes as be . . . gravell-stones in in the see, 154-6.2570-1: Namar sal thou tham the stronde. Whiting Ballad 31, Drama 325:282. cun rede, than . . . sand in see. al382 WBible II Kings xvii 11: Unnoumbrable as the gravel 556 Sandwich Haven was decayed by Tenter(cl395: soond) of the see. III Kings iv 20: Unden Steeple

S75

503

Say

44.1404: Ye have eten sauce, 1 trowe, at the 1528 More Heresyes 277 H-278 C: Sandewyche haven . . . was . . . decayed . . . {not by) Good- Taylers Hall. Apperson 177; Tilley SIOO. wyn sands . . . (but by) tenterden steple, 1533 568 As broad as a Saucer Confutación 709 DE. Apperson 622; Oxford al350 Seven Sages С 106.3109-10: With eghen 647; Tilley T91. that war ful bright and clere, And brade ilkone 557 As clear as Sapphire als a sawsere. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 318-9: al500 Becket III 267.196: Sehe was deer as big. See B58. saffer. 569 Better is Saught (peace) than unsib (war) 558 As sad (constant) as a Sapphire cl300 Lawman I 420 В 9844-5: Betere his sahte al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 34.1085: Sad Thane onsibbe. Cf. Tilley S103. See P67, W37. as a Saphir and alwey of Oon hewe. 570 As bitel (sharp) as a Saw 559 A fair Sapphire set in a copper ring (is not al400 Alexander С 226.4096: A burly best with commendable) a bake as bedell as a saghe. al449 Lydgate Look in MP II 768.99: Nor (is commendable) a fayr saphir set in a copir ryng. 571 As tattered as a Saw cl395 Pierce 28.753: His teeth with toylinge of See D232. lether tatered as a sawe. 560 Sapience is seen in old folk cl475 Court of Sapience 130.160-1: Though I 572 To be like a Saw seme yong, full olde myn yerys bene; For cl440 Prose Alexander 74.34: His bakke lyk a Sapience in olde folk ys ay sene. See F375, sawe. M255. 573 Easier to Say (said) than to do (done) Sei Satan transfigures himself into an angel of (varied) light 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio Q3''[22]: cl395 WBible II Corinthians xi 14: For SathaItt is esyere to say than to do. al5CK9 ?Ros nas hym silf transfigurith hym in to an aungel of La Belle Dame 315.525-6: This your counsayl, light. cl450 Capgrave Lives 85.20-2: Therfor by ought that I can see. Is better sayd than these neophites are for to prove, that Sathanas don. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 119[33]: It is lighter transfigur not him-self in-to an aungell of lith. to commaunde or byd than do a thyng. 1546 Tilley D231. Heywood D 77.238: That is . . . sooner said then doone. Apperson 543; Oxford 165, 458-9; S62 As soft as Satin Taylor and Whiting 319; Tilley S116, 117. cl450 When the son 390.268: And softer hyt was then . . . satyn. Whiting NC 470. 574 If I Say it myself al450 York Plays 272.43-5: Ther is no lorde Se3 Sauce was found by gluttony 1519 Horman Vulgaria 238[11]: Sauce was in this londe as I lere. In faith that hath a frendlyar feere. Than yhe me lorde, My-selffe founde by glottony. See H642. yof I saye itt. (She is speaking of herself.) Tilley 564 Sour Sauce is served before dainteous S114. (dainty) meat cl523 Barclay Mirrour 45[30]: The soure sauce 575 Keep (guard) what you Say, to whom, of whom, how, why, where, when is served before meat deynteous. See M476. cl400 Vices and Virtues 54.28-30: Yif thou wys 565 Sweet Sauce begins to wax sour be wil, six kepe thou whilke 1 the kenne: What 1546 Heywood D 61.93: And whan she sawe thou seist, whom til, of whom, how, why, sweete sauce began to waxe soure. Oxford 636; where, whenne. al500 Think Before You Speak Tilley S97. in Brown Lyrics XV 282.57-60: Yf that thow wolte speke A-ryght, Ssyx thynggis thow moste 566 To be served of the same Sauce 1523 Berners Froissart III 374[21-2]: They had observe then: What thow spekyst, and of what wyght, Whare, to wham, whye and whenne. bene served of the same sauce. Tilley S99. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 110[13-4]: A wyse man or he speke wyll be wyse and ware What (to 567 To eat Sauce cl499 Skelton Bowge I 33.72-3: She sayde she whome) why (howe) whan and whare. A Taylor trowed that I had eten sause; She asked yf ever in Proverbium 1(1965) 1; Vices and Virtues Ixii1 dranke of saucys cuppe, cl516 Magnificence Ixiii.

Soy

504

S76

576 Say not all that you can (know) al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.60: Say not all, that thou kanne. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.48. Tilley A202.

sayenge and doyng is great difference. 1549 Heywood D 77.235: For they saie, saiyng and dooyng are two thinges, 1555 E 150.24. Apperson 552; Oxford 563; Tilley SI 19. See We42.

577 Say well (the best) or be (hold you) still al400 Proverbis of Wysdom (IT) 222.24: Say wel or be stylle. с 1450 Bùhler MS.21 in Studies in Medieval Literature in Honor of Albert C. Baugh, ed. MacEdward Leach (Philadelphia, 1961) 287: Sey the best or be stylle, Wyth thy tonge noman thou qwelle, Suffyr and have thy wylle. cl450 Cambridge Un. MS. Hh 4.11 in Robbins-Cutler 3079.2: Say the best and bere the softe, Ontaught tunge grevith ofte. c l 4 5 0 Fyrst thou sal 88.38, 89.103. al475 As I stod in Halliwell Early English Miscellanies 63-4[l]: Ewyre say wylle, or hold the styll, [10, 18, etc.]. al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 332.3-4: He that will noo wynde spille, Sey the best or hold hym stille. c l 5 0 0 Skelton Comely Coystrowne 117.64: A proverbe of old, say well or be styll. Apperson 551-2; Oxford 563; Tilley S112. See B273, S732, T369.

584 Let (the) Scabbed claw c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 14.444: Let scabbed clawe, and gyly men be wroth, 108.41-2: And as for me, I no man discommende. If scabbed clawe, the truth shall me defende. See G492. 585 Not give two Scallions al300 Richard 433.6903-4: For thy lyfe and thy barons He wyll not gyve two skalons. 586 Not worth a ScalHon al375 Octavian (S) 42.1313: He seyde, hy ner worth a scaloun. 587 A little Scar (breach) upon a bank lets in the stream al393 Gower CA II 18.507-10: And ek fulofte a litel Skar Upon a Banke, er men be war. Let in the Strem, which with gret peine. If evere man it schal restreigne.

588 Scarborough warning 1546 Heywood D 52.368: Scarbrough wamyng I had, 1555 E 194.279: I gave him scarborow warning, scarborow That wamyng cam short to bryng good harborow, 1557 BS 272-4.7: And 579 To Say well but think full ill take Scarborow wamynge everichone, 14, 21, 1506 Hawes Pastime 85.2173: For men saye well but they thynke full yll. 1556 Heywood Spider etc. Apperson 552-3; Oxford 565; Tilley S128. 230[7]: He sayd well: but he ment ill. See See L593. L376, M755, W585, 620, 624. 589 If you will be a good Scholar arise early

578 Say well, say little or say nought 1404 Title in Kail 14: Leme say wele, say litel, or say noght.

580 When he has Said then has he done and worship the Trinity al500 Hill 129.1: A good scoler yf thou wilt be, (varied) aiaoo Alisaunder 353.6620-1: It ne helpeth A-rise erly and worship the trinite. See G259, noughth al wel ysayed, Ac he was there-of yvel R143. ypayed. cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 601: Whan he 590 Diverse Schools make perfect clerks (varied) hath al wel seyd, thanne hath he doon. cl440 c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT III[D] 44="' : Diverse scoles Charles of Orleans 208.6216: And when thei maken parfyt Clerkes, And diverse practyk in have all seid then han thei doon. c l 5 0 0 Everymany sondry Werkes Maketh the werkman man 10.237-8: For he that wyll saye and nothparfyt sekirly, IV[E] 1427-8: For sondry scoles ynge do Is not worthy with good company to maken sotile clerkis; Womman of manye scoles go. Whiting Drama 45. See W599. half a clerk is. Oxford 565. See C479. 581 Who can Say better than he that can do 591 Be never too bold to chide against a Scold worse? (varied) с 1395 Chaucer CT V[F] 600: Who kan sey bet c900 Old English Cato 3.23-4: Ne flit {)u wiS than he, who kan do werse? anwillne man ne wiS ofer-spsecne. с1250 Pro582 Who will Say well must bethink well al300 Trinity MS. O. 2.45 8.12: Ho wie wel segge, he mot hine wel bi-thenche. Qui bene vult fari, bene debet premeditari. 583 Saying and doing are two things 1525 Berners Froissart VI 300[36-7]: Bytwene

verbs of Alfred 118 Τ 450-3: Be thu nevere to bold To chiden agen oni scold. Ne mid manie tales To chiden agen alle dwales. cl390 Cato (Vernon) 565.149-50: Ageynes men ful of wordes Stryve thou riht nouht. al395 WBible Ecclesiasticus viii 4: Chide thou not with a man, a janglere, and leie thou not trees to in his fier.

598

505

Scofs

al400 Cato (Copenhagen) A2''[13-4]: Stryve is the scorpyon which blandyssheth wyth his nought with wordis be noo wys With hym that face and prycketh wyth hys taylle. See F5, L436, ful of wordis ys. al440 Burgh Cato 306.114-5: W488, 498. Ageyns the wordy folk ay ful of wynde Stryve nat atte all; it may the nat profite. cl450 Cato 597 To pay Scot (shot) (and lot) (Sidney) 10.89-90: Mi leve sone, thou strive cllOO Munimenta Gildhallse Londoniensis; Liwith worde in no wise With him, that ful of ber Albus, ed. Η. T. Riley (RS 1859) 128[I8-9]: wordis ise. al475 Cato (Rawlinson) 11.91-2: Quod cives Londoniarum sint quieti de Schot Debate noght with wordys, and thou be wys, et Loth, et de Danegelde. al400 Twelve Profits in Yorkshire Writers II 58[42-3]: As when a With him, that ful of wordys is. See C165. pore mon drinkes in tho taverne and has not 592 He that Scorns other men shall not go un- wherof he may paye his scott, byds dyng hym scomed (varied) wel and let hym go. 1459 Calendar of Ancient cl425 Ardeme Fistula 4.36-7: It is seid, "Deri- Records of Dublin, ed. John T. Gilbert 1(1889) dens alios non inderisus abibit." "He that 301[17-8]: Thay schall ber lot and schot with skorneth other men shal not go away un- the citte. 1484 Caxton Royal Book E7''[31-2]: skomed." al439 Lydgate Fall II 345.600-2: For This is . . . the scott that is ofte payed for the it was said(e) sithen go ful yore, He that re- synne of glotonye, 82"·[13]. 1489 English Gilds, joishith to scorne folk in veyn. Whan he wer ed. Toulmin Smith (EETS 40, 1870) 189[6-7]: I lothest shal scorned been ageyne. Apperson 554. shalbe redy at scott and lotte. cl497 Medwall See M6I2. Fulgens Α2"·[6]: He that shall for the shott pay. al500 Twelve Profits (Rawlinson) in Yorkshire 593 Scorn and hething (derision) go together Writers II 404[47-9]: (As) it is used in som place cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4110: Now are we that whan a pore man drynketh in a taverne dryve til hethyng and til scom. alSOO Eger H and hath not wher-with to paye his scott, he 259.1284: But scorn and heeding goes together. asketh to be bettun and so to be delyverde. NED Hething. 1509 Watson Ship Gg3''[14-5]: And in peyenge 594 The Scorner shall be guerdoned (rewarded) the scotte wyll let hym go. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 241 [7]: He loveth well to be at good ay with scorn al440 Burgh Cato 320.692: The skorner shal be fare: but he wyll pay no scotte. cl520 Terens Α4'·[35]: But suppyd and payd his shot. al533 guerdoned ay with scome. See G49I. Berners Arthur 210[2]: And pay not for your 595 As fell as any Scorpion shot or ye go, 491[30-1]: It shall behove theym al439 Lydgate Fall III 948.1034: Moor wood to paye for theyr scotte, Huon 704.19: I wyll pay for my scot, 760.29-30, 761.16 (In the 1601 and fell than any scorpioun. edition scot is changed to shot). 1534 More 596 The Scorpion flatters with its head when it Comforte 1177 Ε[5-6]: And then lette Chrystes will sting with its tail passion paye for all the scotte. 1546 Heywood al200 Ancrene 107.28-2: Scorpiun is a cunnes D 54.435: The recknyng reckned he needs wurm the haveth neb, as me seith, sumdeal would pay the shot. Apperson 487; NED Scot ilich wummon and neddre is bihinden, Maketh sb.2 4, Shot sb.i 24; Oxford 491; Tilley S159, feier semblant and fiketh mid te heaveth and 398. stingeth mid te teile. 1340 Ayenbite 62[13-4]: Thes is the scorpioun thet maketh vayr mid the heavede and enveymeth mid the tayle. 598 Scots are full of guile (varied) с 1395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2057-9: О sodeyn al352 Minot 4.6: War yit with the Skottes for hapl о thou Fortune unstable! Lyk to the scor- thai er ful of gilè, 5.12, 18. al464 Capgrave pion so deceyvable. That flaterest with thyn Chronicle 202[l-2]: The Kyng, conseyvyng weel heed whan thou wolt stynge. cl395 WBible that the Scottis were evit-ontrewe and ful of Ecclesiasticus xxvi 10 gloss: A scorpioun; that treson. cl470 Wallace 338.168: "Yhe Scottis," makith fair semelaunt with the face, and thai said, "has evir yeit beyne fais." cl475 prickith with the tail; so a wickid womman Gregory Chronicle 224[20-3]: And the Schottys drawith by flateryngis, and prickith til to deth. ben trewe hyt (peace) moste nedys contynu so al400 Vices and Virtues 60.10-2: Thes ben longe, but hit ys harde for to tryste unto hem, like the scorpioun that maketh good semblaunt for they byn levyr founde fülle of gyle and dysas with his visage, and envenymeth with his sayte. Apperson 202; Oxford 189; Tilley SI54; tail. al484 Caxton Royal Book F5''[22-3]: This Whiting Scote II 121. See W195.

Scratching

506

S99

S99 By Scratching and biting cats and dogs habebit amicum, "the see sail be dry when the come together pore man has a frende." See P295, 335. 1546 Heywood D 61.99-100; By scratchyng and SUO To bring the Sea into a cup bytyng Catts and dogs come together, by folkes с1445 Pecock Donet 177.3-5: Though 1 brynge recityng. Apperson 86:14; Oxford 568; Tilley not a greet book into a tretice, the see into a S165. cuppe, or a mounteyn into an ynche, alle men muste holde me excusid. Cf. Tilley S183. SlOO To run like a Scut (hare) 1523 Skelton Cariatide I 386.632; He ran lyke 5111 To ebb and flow like the Sea a scut. 1404 Lerne say wele in Kail 14.1-2: As the see doth ebbe and flowe, So fareth the world hyder SIGI Scylla and Charybdis cl449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 50.1569-70; and thedere. cI421 Lydgate Thebes 141.3421-3: Thus atwen tweyne pereel of the see, Sylla and Lich a See rennyng to and fro, Swyng an ebbe karybdys. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 304.6098- whan the flood is do, Lytil space abidyng at 100: They . . . can not flee fro the perylle of the fülle, al449 Doublenesse in MP II 439Scilla without fallynge into Charibdis. 1534 40.33-6; The see eke, with his sterne wawes. More Comforte 1185 F[ll-2]; And whyle he Eche day floweth new ageyn, And by conwold flye fro Silla drew him into Charibdis. course of his lawes The ebbe foloweth, in cerOxford 568; Taylor and Whiting 320-1; Tilley teyn. al450 Gesta 108[4-5]; As the see Ebbithe and Flowithe, so the worlde is now Riche, now S169; Whiting Scots I 148. pore, now hole, now seke. 1509 Barclay Ship II 5102 To cut as Scythe does grass 319[8-9]; This worlde all hole goeth up and al533 Berners Arthur 184[24-5]: He . . . cut downe It ebbes and flowes lyke to the se. them in peces as the sythe dooth the grasse. See E42. 5103 As deep as the Sea 5112 To teem (empty) the Sea by drops alOOO Vercelli Homilies 130.220-2; His miht is 1435 Misyn Fire 75.30-2: If I wald speke this . . . deopre Jjonne sae. al500 Inter Diabolus et Joy unabyll to be told, me semys to my self Als Virgo 444.10: What ys dypper than ys the see? 445.30: Helle ys dypper than ys the see. Taylor and I suld teym the see be droype and spar it all in a lityll hole of the erth. Tilley S183. and Whiting 321. SI 13 To wood (rage) like the Sea (etc.) (A num5104 As great as a Sea ber of single quotations are brought together с1390 Charter of the Abbey in Yorkshire Writers here) I 348[8]: Thi sorowe is as grete as a see. al393 Cower CA II 228.86: I wode as doth the 5105 As haw {dull blue) as the Sea wylde Se. al400 Torrent 6.147; He swellyd ase 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 28.53; Hys watry hewyt dothe the see. 1501 Douglas Palice 74.25; This boyt, haw lyke the see. Cf. Svartcngren 237: warld walteris as dois the wallie sey. grey. 5114 Under calm Seas are oft many perils 5106 As salt as any (the) Sea с 1523 Barclay Mirrour 26[22]: Ofte under calme cl380 Cleanness 38.984; Also salt as ani se. seas are perils many one. See W70. cisco King Hart 88.4: Salt as is the sey. 5115 What needs the Sea to borrow of small 5107 As unstable as the Sea rivers? cl450 Si. Cuthbert 44.1489-92: Forthirmare, al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 588.643-4: as wysemen wate, All this wriched warldely What nedith the see to borwe of smale rivers. state, Is es unstabill as the se, In whilk na Or a grete bame to borow of strait garners? stabibes may be. Cf. Whiting Scots II 122. See 5116 While the Sea flows at Bordeaux it ebbs at W59. some other place 5108 In greatest Seas the tempest is sorest 1509 Barclay Ship I 128[15-6]: For whyle the cl515 Barclay Eclogues 136.766: In greatest Se floweth and is at Burdews hye, It as fast seas moste sorest is tempest. Tilley S186. ebbeth at some other place. 5109 The Sea shall be dry when the poor man 5117 As fat as any Seal has a friend cl420 Wyntoun II 273.48; The carl was fat as 1435 Misyn Fire 42.12-4: Now is trew the vers any seiche (var. selghe). Taylor and Whiting that is sayd: pontus erit siccus cum pauper 321.

S136

507

Seek

5129 Seldom Seen appals in love 5118 As round as a Seal cl475 Henryson Fables 82.2395: Round als as al439 Lydgate Fall II 407.2812: That seelde is seyn, in love doth appall. ane seill. 5130 Seldom Seen soon forgotten 5119 After fair Season oft falls sore tempest cl523 Barclay Mirrour 20[28]: For after fayre cI385 Chaucer TC iv 423-4: Or elles selde season oft falleth sore tempest. See C12, S121. seynge of a wight, Don olde affecciouns alle over-go. al390 Seldom seen 715-8.8: That seiden 5120 Season (opportunity) lost cannot be I-seighe Is sone foryete, 16, etc. al400 Proverbis recovered of Wysdam 244.25: Sele i-say ys sone fore-yete. 1478 Rivers Morale Proverbes [3.19-20]: Oon cl415 Middle English Sermons 77.31-2. cl450 aughte to werke vchil he hath liberte, For saison Douce MS.52 52.89. cI450 Rylands MS.394 lost can not Recouvered be. See T307. 102.14. cl460 Ipomadon С 326.36: For the Wiseman saith: "Seldom seen, sone forgetyn." 5121 The stormy Season follows merry days cl422 Hoccleve Leme to Die 189.294: The cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective 309[12] and Förster 201.12. cl475 Rawlinson stormy seson folwith dayes merie. See SI 19. MS. D 328 118.13: Seid y-sey and sone y-fryt. 5122 He that sits in the highest Seat holds the al500 Hill 129.35. al500 Pledge of Loyalty in uppermost place Bobbins 160.16-20: She seith that she hath seyn 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 9[12-3]: He that it write That "seldyn seyn is sone for-geit." syttyth in the hyghest sete, he holdyth the upper- Yt is not so—Ffor yn good feith save only her most place. I love no moo. 1546 Heywood D 41.15. Apper5123 Beware to whom you impart the Secrets son 557; Oxford 572; Tilley S208. See E213, of your mind 216, L536, S307. clSOO Marginalia in Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, McClean MS. 132 in Tree xii: Beware 5131 To See (behold) and to be seen to whome thou dost Impart the secarits of thy cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 552: And for to se, mind, for foules in ther fury will till all accoring and eek for to be seye. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 193.12: Ladeys desyris to behald and be seyn. to ther kinde. See B304. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 175.1874-5: One 5124 He is false that rehearses the Secret of his thyng they (women) desire, that is to see, and friend to be sene. Oxford 569. 1483 Caxton Cato E7''[21-2]: The proverbe sayth 5132 To See as far come as nigh that he is false whiche reherseth and telleth 1555 Heywood E 188.232: I have seene as far the secrete of hys frende. come as nie. Tilley S207. 5125 Secundum usum (regula) Sarum 5133 Who may not See stumbles the rather 1388 On the Times in Wright PoMcal Poems (sooner) I 275[15-6]: They thynke it do welle. Cum nan al500 Harley MS.1002 in RES NS 2(1951) 118: sit regula Sarum. al529 Skelton Ware the Hauke Who so may not se he stumble the rather, and I 158.101-3: He hawked on this facion. Tempore he (that) hathe a nevyll wyfe he thryvythe the vesperarum. Sed non secundum Sarum. Apperson later. Cf. Tilley N171: He that runs in the night 549-50; Oxford 569; Tilley S198; Whiting Scots stumbles. See M155. II 121. 5134 To sow Seed 5126 As thick as Sedges in mire 1451 Pasten II 227[27-8]: Sir Thomas Todencl400 Laud Troy I 150.5063-4: He was so laid hamys man and Heydonys sowyn this sedde all with armes and legges Als thikke as mire with abowte the contre. NED Sow v.i 5a. segges. 5135 To sow silver Seed (to bribe) 5127 See before ere you begin cl405 Mum 60.1147: Forto sowe silver seede. cl450 Idley 87.390: Therfore see before or 5136 Seek and you shall find thou begynne, 96.912. See L435. clOOO WSG Matthew vii 7: SeceaJj, and ge hit findajj, Luke xi 9. cl395 WBible Matthew vii 7: 5128 See me and see me not 1546 Heywood D 74.126: See me, and see me Seke ye, and ye schulen fynde, Luke xi 9. cl450 not, the woorst part to flee, 1555 E 184.20. Ladder 109.11: Sych sekynge men may fynde. 1483 Caxton Cato 07"·[17]: Therfore, sayth Apperson 556; Ο φ τ ά 570; Tilley S203.

Seeliness

508

SJ37

Jhesu criste, seeke and ye shal fynde, 1484 al200 Ancrene 37.1-2: Under semblant of god is Royal Book R5''[21]: Who so secheth, he ofte ihulet sunne. See A152. fyndeth. 1534 Haywood Love СЗ^Ю]: The 5148 As red as Sendal olde seyng seyth, he that seketh shall fynde, aI533 Berners Arthur 202[20]: It blusshed as red 1546 D 37.63: He fyndth that seekes. Apperson as sendall. See S312. 556; Oxford 571; Tilley F222, S213. See A212, Serpent, see Adder M680. 5137 Worldly Seeliness (happiness) is meddled 5149 As angry as any Serpent {mixed) with bittemess cl475 Henryson Testament 113.228: Angrie as cl385 Chaucer TC iii 813-5: "O Godi" quod ony Serpent vennemous. she, "so worldly selynesse. Which clerkes callen fais felicitee, Imedled is with many a bitter- 5150 As bad as Serpent cl421 Lydgate Thebes 43.1013: Wers than nesse!" See J59. serpent. 5138 Under fair Seeming to have a false heart 5151 The eld (old) Serpent 1484 Caxton Aesop 116[14-5]: Whiche under cl395 WBible Apocalypse xx 2: The elde serpent, fayre semynge have a fais herte. See C174. that is the devel and Sathanas. Oxford 473. 5139 Segging {saying, talk) is good cope {cheap) 5152 No Serpent so cruel as a woman when she 1546 Heywood D 94.125: The Ducheman saieth, has caught an ire that seggyng is good cope. Oxford 572; Taylor cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 2001-3: Ther nys, and Whiting 365: Talk (3); Tilley S215. ywys, no serpent so cruel, Whan man tret on 5140 To drink up Seine his tayl, ne half so fel. As womman is, whan al400 Romaunt В 5709-10: He undirfongith a she hath caught an ire. gret peyne. That undirtakith to drynke up Seyne. 5153 The Serpent (adder, snake, scorpion, Cf. Tilley 09, S259. lizard) in the grass (under flowers)

5141 He is worth no Sele (happiness) that may feel no annoys cl375 Barbour Bruce 1 13.303-4: He thocht Weill he wes worth na seyle. That mycht of nane anoyis feyle. See L233, S943, W138, 143. 5142 Rule your Self first al475 Ashby Dicta 47.98: Reule youre selfe first and than al other sone. See M402.

5143 Self do self have al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.37: Who so self do, self have. clSOO Wife Lapped 194.235: Selfe doe selfe have. 1546 Heywood D 32.52. Apperson 557; Jente 787; Oxford 572; Tilley S217. 5144 Self-will does more harm than good el450 Epistle of Oihea 119.4: Selfe-wyl moost comonly dothe mor harme then good. 5145 Every Selth (happiness) has unselth at the end al525 English Conquest 50.8-9: Every selth hath wnselth at the end. See E80. 5146 In Semblance is guile (varied) al393 Gower CA II 254.1045: In Semblant, as men sein, is guile. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 459[7]: In fayre semblauntes are grete decepcyons. See AI52. 5147 Under Semblance of good oft sin is heled (hidden)

cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1994-5: War fro the serpent that so slily crepeth Under the gras, and styngeth subtilly, V[F] 512-3: Right as a serpent hit hym under fleures Til he may seen his tyme for to byte. cl408 Lydgate Reson 106.4022-4: But lowh under the freshe flours Ful covertly, who kan declare. Many seφent ther doth dare, al420 Troy I 17.185-6: Lyche an addre undre flouris fayre. For to his herte his tongue was contrarie, 18.209-11: His felle malys he gan to close and hide, Lyche a snake that is wont to glyde With his venym under fresche floures, 74.2091-2: For under fleures depeint of stabilnes. The serpent dareth of newfongilnes, II 518.4281-2: serpent under fleures, III 704.4766-7: serpent . . . undir floures, 717.5216-7: serpent . . . under floures, 797.845-7: serpent . . . under floures, cl421 Thebes 74.1764-5: Liggyng in a-weyte, As a serpent forte undermyne, al422 Life 599.175-82: serpent undre floures, al430 Pilgrimage 408. 15158-61: serpent . . . under herbys, al439 Fall I 110.3961-3: serpent . . . under floures, 182.6434: serpent . . . under floures, II 336. 279-80: under . . . floures . . . The serpent, 544.2584-5: Under . . . flours . . . The serpent, 560.3163: Under flour(e)s . . . a serpent. III 911.3154: undir flours, a serpent, al449 Look in MP II 768.109-10: Undir flours . . . The serpent. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees

S769

509

Service

hogges snoute and after these By suche meanes 49.1536; Wheer undir flourys restith the Scorpioun, 69.2191, 78.2455-6. cl450 Pilgrimage shall I declare . . . By them the better thou LM 127[31]: I am the addere that holt him mayst fare. Oxford 574; Tilley S233. under the gras. cl470 Wallace 292.1835-6: 5162 So many Servants so many thieves Wndyr cowart hyr mahce hid perfyt, As a serc l 4 5 0 Idley 103.1342-4: Senek seith a marvelous pent watis hyr tym to byt. al475 Vision of skille. That as many servantis as a man haase. Philibert 26[15-7]: But as a sarpent that creppyt under they roose, Lythe awayet, every tyme So many theves be in his place, cf. 1315-6. Oxford 574-5; Tilley S242. See SI59. and houre, To sley the best that dare toche the fleure. c l 5 0 0 Skelton Dyvers Balettys I 26.8: 5163 Who Serves and does not full-serve loses Anguis sub viridi gramine saepe latet, 27.15: his shipe (wages, hire) Ware of the lesard lyeth lurkyng in the gras. 1340 Ayenbite 33[21-2]: And me kan zigge: 1509 Barclay Ship I 127[21]: For amonge swete huo thet serveth and naght vol-serveth: his herbes ofte lurkyth the serpent, II 40[27]: under ssepe he lyest. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 29.7-9: flowres . . . the serpent, 323[21]: under floures Therfore it is seid, "Who-so serveth and ne . . . the serpent, cl515 Eclogues 143.108: Oft serveth nought his terme, he lest his hure." under floures vile snakes have I founde. Ap"Quique sert et ne perlert son lower pert," person 583; Oxford 601; Taylor and Whiting dit ly fraunces. See E90, P371, T104. 341; Tilley S585; Whiting Scots II 122. 5164 After good Service name (reputation) shall 5154 To be like a Serpent among eels (a traitor) arise 1481 Caxton Godeffroy 93.9: And was alway cl450 Good Wife L 200.112-3: Aftir thi good as the serpent emonge the elis. Cf. Tilley H89. servise Thi name schal arise. See H80. 5165 For long Service is no reward 5155 To swell like a Serpent al513 Dunbar None May Assure 44.7: For lang cl503 More Early Poems [11] B[10]: Like any service rewarde is none. Whiting Scots II 122. serpent she beginneth to swell. Cf. Tilley S254. See S170. 5156 A full good Servant will crab {provoke) his 5166 No Service like to the king's master once al484 Ther ne is dangyer 19.9: Ne servyce lyke cl475 Henryson Fables 88.2580: Ane full gude to the kyng soverayn. Apperson 452; Oxford servand will crab his Maister anis. Cf. Oxford 575-6; Tilley S251. 151: Dog is allowed. 5167 Proffered (Bidden) Service stinks 5157 A good Servant must have good wages c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 1066-7: Ful sooth Cisco Lyfe of Roberte 243.617: A good ser- it is that swich profred servyse Stynketh, as vaunte must have good wages. Apperson 262. witnessen thise olde wyse. c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.S2 47.33: (B)odun servycys stynkys. al475 Vision 5158 He is worth little that makes his Servant of Philibert 22[2]: I se proferd serves stynkit. master 1546 Heywood D 66.19, 1555 E 182.198. Apcl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.27-8: He is litel worth person 513; Jente 123; Oxford 519; Skeat 285; and les gode can That makes his servande Tilley S252. See C447, 0 2 0 . mayster and hymself man. See H92. 5168 Service (Labor) asks meed (reward) 5159 In Servants is small trust 1509 Barclay Ship I 200[12]: In servauntis is al393 Cower CA II 355.2023-4: Bot every labour axeth why Of som reward. III 290.2110: small trust or confydence. See S162. For every service axeth mede, 440.2012: The 5160 It gains (serves) not for the Servant to mede arist of the servise. dispute with the lord 5169 Service is no heritage c l 5 0 0 Lancelot 4.121-2: It ganyth not, as I cl412 Hoccleve Regement 31.841: Servyse, I have harde Recorde, The servand for to disput wot wel, is non heritage. cl450 Consail and with the lord. See F427. Teiching 76.372: For heritage is na service. c l 4 5 0 Greene Carols 381 refrain: For servyse 5161 (A Servant) should have ass's ears, etc. Proverbes 1506 Barclay Castell D2'[19-26]: If that thou is non erytage. 1478 Rivers Morale wylte thy mayster please, Thou must have these [7.1]: Service in court is noo seur heritaige. thre propretees, Fyrst must thou have an asses c l 4 9 5 Arundel Vulgaria 61.263. al500 In a chambre in Sandison 119-20.8, 16, etc. c l 5 0 0 eares. With an hertes fete in all degrees. An

Service

510

Fabyan 675[41-3]: (There) arose a proverbe amonge the Frenshemen, sayinge (Principibus obsequi hereditarium non esse;) the whiche is to meane, the servyce of prynces is nat heredytable. 1509 Barclay Ship 1106[14]: Thus worldly servyce is no sure herytage. Apperson 558-9; Jente 388; Oxford 575; Tilley S253.

S170 hors which is aferde of the shadow that he seeth. 1513 More Richard 49 (for 46) F[14-5]: Who maye lette her to feare her owne shadowe. 1556 Heywood Spider 264[16]: Makth you your owne shadowes to dread, 266[24-5]: The foole, or the infant, that his shadow spies: Wyll oftimes crie out in feare. Apperson 3; Oxford 3-4; Tilley S261; Whiting NC 472.

5170 To trust in Service is no wisdom cl450 Idley 161.144: It is noo wysdom in service 5178 To be (but) as a Shadow cllOO Instructions for Christians 12.37: And to trast. See S165. eal Jjaet |5U her sceawast hit is sceaduwa gelic. 5171 Set and save if you will have (varied) al200 Ancrene 99.17-8: Al the wa of this world al450 Harley MS.2252 in Archiv 200(1963) 342; nis bute schadewe of the wa of helle. cI200 Sett and save yf thou vsylt have, Waste and Sawles Warde (Bodley) 18.160: For al thet is wante, lene and crave. cl450 Fyrst thou sal on eorthe nis bute as a schadewe. cl340 Rolle 89.83-4: Set and sawe if thou wil hafe, Waste Psalter 418 (118.51): Proude mennys joy is and want, leu (for len) and orafe, a1500 Harley noght bot as the shadow. cl395 WBible I MS.116 in Rei. Ant. I 316: Kype and save, and Paralipomenon xxix 15: Oure daies ben as thou schalle have; Frest and leve, and thou schadewe on the erthe, Job viii 9. 1400 Ancrene schall crave; Walow and wast, and thou schalle (Recluse) 180.15: And al that nys bot as aswant. Brown-Robbins 3088; Robbins-Cutler3088. chadewe to jesu cristes pyne. 1414 ?Brampton Psalms 32[17]. al420 Lydgate Troy III 802.1018: 5172 As sweet as any Setwall cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3206-7: And he hymself Liehe a shadewe wast and transitorie. cl460 Paston III 257[21-2]: But this joy is not stabili, as sweete as is . . . any cete wale. but it is mutabili as a shadow. cI523 Barclay 5173 He that sells for Seven and buys for eleven, Mirrour 19[36]: But this short life present as it is marvel if he ever thrive shadowe fugitive. Whiting Scots II 123. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 93.18-9: He that selleth for .vii. and byeth for a .xi., it is merveyle 5179 To bow (away) like a Shadow cl350 Prose Psalter 122 (101.12): My daies yf ever he thryve. See S29, W369. boweden as shadow. cl395 WBible Psalms ci 5174 To go like a Shade (shadow) 12: Mi daies boweden awei as a schadewe, 1340 Ayenbite 71[13-4]: Al hit ys ywent wel cviii 23: I am takum awei as a schadowe, rathre thanne ssed. cI450 When the son 388. whanne it bowith awei. cl400 Primer 4Ц18]: Mi 185: Sum an hour lyke the shadowe wer ago. daies bowiden awey as schadewe. 1528 More Heresyes 116 A[2-3]: All which are 5180 To flee like (a, the) Shadow (shade) now gone as a shadowe. al200 Trinity College Homilies 175[25]: He is 5175 Better to be in the Shadow than in the fleonde alse shadewe. 1340 Ayenbite 165[3-4]: sunlight Vor his lyf vlighth ase ssed. cl395 WBible Job al533 Berners Arthur 89[26]: For it is better to xiv 2: And fleeth as schadewe, and dwellith be in the shadow than in the sonne Ught. See nevere perfltli in the same staat. cl400 Primer G256. 64[5-7]: a. cl400 Vices and Virtues 165.4-5: the. al450 Lessouns in Kail 113.182. al450 Pety Job 5176 One may not see his Shadow in wori in Kail 131.308. al456 Sellyng Evidens 177.11: (turbid) water Youthe fledde als faste as shadow on the walle. al225 Lambeth Homilies 29[3-4]: Hu maht thu 1479 Rivers Cordyal 35.18-9: a. 1484 Caxton iseon thine sceadewe in worie watere? Royal Book N6^26]. 5177 To be aghast of one's Shadow (varied) 5181 To follow one like his Shadow 1340 Ayenbite 179[17-8]: Zuich volk is y-lich cl422 Hoccieve Complaint 106.320-2: My the horse thet heth drede of his ssede. cl400 wyckednesses evar followe me, As men may se Vices and Virtues 183.6-7: Suche men faren as the shadow a body swe. And in no maner I may an hors that is eschew, that is Agast of his them eschwe. Taylor and Whiting 323; Tilley owne schadewe. cl425 Orcherd 207.28: A man S263. Cf. Whiting Drama 325:285. maketh hym adred with his owne schadowe, 327.17: Beynge afeerd of her owne schadowe. 5182 To glide away like the (a) Shadow 1484 Caxton Royal Book 06''[12-3]: The shough al300 Thomas de Hales 69.32: Al so the schadewe

S193

511

that glyt away. cl455 Speculum Misericordie 946.219: a. al475 Vision of Philibert 37[8-9]: a. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 162.22-3: a. al513 Dunbar Of Manis Mortalitie 149.5-6: Lyk as ane schaddow in ane glas Hyne glydis all thy tyme that heir is. Whiting Drama 325:285.

Shame

32.13-4: a. alSOO Rolle Mending 33[14-5]: He shal dispise all thynges worldly the whiche passen as doeth the shadewe of the day. 1502 Imitatione (2) 173.34-5: a. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 162.15-6: a, al535 Sermon . . . upon a good Friday in English Works 392.33: a. Whiting Drama 325:285.

5183 To hield (sink) like Shadow c900 Paris Psalter 93 (108.23): Ic eom scuan 5186 To take Shadow and pursue wind (varied) gelic swyl^e ahylded. clOOO Regius Psalter 187 cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xxxiv 2: As he that (101.12): Dagas mine swa swa scadu ahyldon, takith (al382: caccheth) schadewe, and pursueth 211 (108.23): Swa swa scadu {зоппе heo ahyldeö wynd. aI400 Orologium 379.31-2: Нее is aboute alasdd. al400 Northern Verse Psalter II 7 to clippe the wynde and folowe the schadowe the whiche tro with forto preyse me (Wisdom(101.12). Christ). 5184 To lose (perish) like a Shadow (etc.) (A 5187 To vanish away like a Shadow number of single quotations are brought together 1487 Caxton Book of Good Manners Εβ'ίθ-ΙΟ]: here) 897 Alfred Boethius 63.26: Hi losiaS swa swa Vanysshe awaye as dooth the shadowe. 1509 sceadu. 1175 Twelfth Century Homilies 124.4-5: Fisher Treatyse 251.17-8: Vanysshe awaye as All that tofaraeth and toglit, swa swa monnes dooth a shadowe. sceadu daeth. al400 Northern Verse Psalter II 5188 As dry as a Shaft 159 (143.4): Als schadow forth-gane daies hisse. 01385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1362: That lene he wex 1479 Rivers Cordyal 34.17: And fadeth as a and drye as is a shaft. shadowe. 1484 Caxton Royal Book G2''[3-4]: Departed and faylled as a shadowe. 5189 He loses his Shaft that shoots in the sand 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 8[25]: He lesyth 5185 To pass like (the, a) Shadow his shafte that shetyth in the sande. cI340 Rolle Psalter 15 (4.3): Thai passe as the shadow, 268 (74.1), 391-2 (108.22): the, 398 5190 What Shal! be shall be (111.9): the, 476 (143.5). cl350 Prose Psalter 1511 Hawes Ccmforte Cl''[26]: The frenshe man 173 (143.5): Is daies passen as shadue. cl390 sayth, that shall be shall be. 1546 Heywood Chaucer CT VII 8-9[В1198-9]: Swiche salu- D 60.63: That shalbe, shalbe, 1555 E 159.78. taciouns and contenaunces Passen as dooth a Apperson 560; Tilley M1331. See D169, T167, shadwe upon the wal, X[I] 1068: And passen as 171. a shadwe on the wal, cl395 IV[E] 1315: That passen as a shadwe upon a wal. cl395 WBible 5191 It is no Shame to fall but to lie long Psalms cxliii 4, Ecclesiastes vii 1, viii 13, xi 8 cI450 Rylands MS.394 93.10: It is no shame to gloss. Wisdom ii 5: Forwhi oure tyme is the fall, but to lye longe. passyng of a schadewe, ν 9. al400 Orologium 5192 It is no Shame to fall with hurt and arise 359.29-30: a. al400 Pricke 191.7071-2: a. al400 with game Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. cl450 Idley 105.1420-1: Ffor in proverbe it is 46.633: My dayes passiden as schadow of light. said: it is noo shame To falle with hurt and cI400 Vices and Virtues 69.5-8: a. cl410 arise with game. Mirror of Sinners in Yorkshire Writers II 436 [1-2]: a. cl412 Hoccleve Balade I 67.12: a, 5193 Many think to avenge Shame (sorrow) and cl422 Dialog 120.275-6: Welthe of the world increase it (varied) and longe and faire dayes, Passen as dooth the cl450 Merlin II 359[32-3]: But many a man shadwe of a tree, Leme to Die 185.199: a. weneth to a-venge his shame that it doth cI425 Speculum Sacerdotale 58.37-8: the. 1434 encrece, 419[14-5]: But some weneth to a-venge Misyn Mending 109.9-10. al470 Parker Dives hym of his shame, and he doth it encrece, ХГ[2.13-4]: a, ¥1^1.40]: a, Y211.10-1]: a 496[23-5]: And therefore seith the wise man shadewe at even, Y3'"[1.37-8]: a. 1479 Rivers in reprof of soche. "Many oon weneth his shame Cordyal 17.6-7: They be al past like a shadewe, to a-venge, and he it encreseth." 1471 Caxton 18.5-6: a, 25.22-3: a, 32.9: a. 1489 Caxton Recuyell II 516.4-7: And to have in thy mynde Doctrinal L5''[14-5]: a. cl490 Ryman 255.4: a, that men saye comunely. Some man weneth to 266.3: a. alSOO Ghostly Battle in Yorkshire avenge hys sorowe And he encresyth hit. al500 Writers II 428[37-8]: the. al500 Imitatione (1) Partenay 148.4260-3: Trowyng this instance.

Shame

512

Such supposse to venge ther huge shame perschance. Which ofte cressith hurt, men may wel it se, In sondry places conceyved may be. cl500 Melusine 93.4-5: But as the proverbe saith, "Such viieneth to avenge his shame that encreassith it." Tilley S279. See A48, G468, 153, M200, S513, W718.

S194 lytle proude of his paynted sheythe, and loketh of a heyght. 1546 Heywood D 38.106: She maketh so much of hir peynted sheath, 1555 E 158.71: Thou makst much of thy peynted sheathe, and wylt do. It havynge not one good knyfe longyng therto. Apperson 356: Leaden sword; Oxford 400; Tilley S291.

5194 Shame elds (is hardened by age) 5203 As bare as a new shorn Sheep cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.16.11-2: Schame al439 Lydgate Fall II 419.3261-2: To pile the eldus. Tempore dilatus longo pudor inveteratus. peeple, as ye han herd tofom. Bare as a sheep MED elden v.(l) 4. that is but newe shorn. Tilley S299. See S206. 5204 As meek as (a) Sheep 5195 Shame is as it is taken 1534 More Camforte 1253 B[10-2]: It is almoste aI400 Scottish Legends I 219.382: Als meke as in everye countrey becomen a common proverbe, thai schepe bene had. 1483 Caxton Golden that shame is as it is taken. 1546 Heywood D Legende 322''[1.39-41]: As meke and debonayr . . . as they had ben shepe or lambes. 14Ю 33.26: Shame is as it is taken. Apperson 560; Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio P7^[18-9]: I make Tilley S274. hym as meke as a shepe. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 5196 Shame is past the shed (parting) of head 324: gentle. See L31. cl390 Verses on the Earthquake of 1382 in Brown Lyrics XIV 188.67-8: We ben so ful of 5205 As mild as Sheep synne and slouthe, The schame is passed the al200 Trinity College Homilies 195[12]: Milde sched of hed. cl450 Consail and Teiching aise shep. cl200 Orm II 201.15946-7: Thatt 68.67-8: And fra the schame be passit thar hed. shep iss all unnshathig der. And stille, and mec, Than war thaim fare bettir be ded. al500 Lay and milde. See L32. of Sorrow 718.117: So far hath schame the schede ourgone your hed. Oxford 578; Tilley 5206 As naked as a new shorn Sheep cl450 Idley 187.1734: The soule was naked as S275; Whiting Scois II 123. a shepe new shore. Apperson 436; Tilley S299; 5197 Shame take him that shame thinks Whiting NC 472. See S203. 1555 Heywood E 153.46: Shame take him that 5207 As rich as a new shorn Sheep shame thinkth. Apperson 560; Oxford 314: 111; cl500 Cock 1[18]: As ryche as a newe shome Tilley S277. See G355, H373. shepe. 1546 Heywood D 52.354. Apperson 529; 5198 As loud as any Shawm Oxford 540; Tilley S295. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 176.4298-9: And in Thebes loud as eny shalle. The Cry aroos. NED 5208 As rough as a Sheep cl300 Beves 47.997: Row he was also a schep. Shalle. Cf. Apperson 520: Ragged. 5199 All the Sheaves in the lathe (barn) must 5209 As soon comes a young Sheep's (lamb's) out late or rather (sooner) cl380 Chaucer HF 2139-40: For al mot out, skin to the market as an old other late or rathe, Alle the sheves in the 1534 More Comforte 1172 E[7-10]: There is a very true proverbe, that as sene cometh a yonge lathe. shepes skin to the market as an olde. 1546 5200 How shall good Sheaf be shorn of wicked Heywood D 66.9-10: As soone goth the yonge grain? lamskyn to the market As tholde yewes. Apper1513 Douglas Aeneid II 147.14: Of wikkyt grayn son 588; Jente 77; Oxford 604; Tilley L39. See quhou sal gude schaif beschom? Cf. Tilley D98, M41, 385. G405. See T465. 5210 As still as (new shorn) Sheep 5201 To take as falls in the Sheaf 1447 Bokenham 185.6799: But stodyn as stylle 1555 Heywood E 185.217: I will take as faith as newe-shom shepe. 1483 Caxton Golden in the sheafe. Apperson 617:21; Tilley S289. Legende 200^[1.16]: Stondynge stylle as a shepe. 5202 To be proud (make much) of one's painted 5211 As tame as Sheep (etc.) (A number of Sheath single quotations are brought together here) 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 105.8-9: He is not a clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 492[21]: Sind Jias

S219

513

reöan tigres betwux eow swa tame swa scep, Lives II 284.1055; And heo, swa bilewite (innocent) swa scep. cl390 Visions of seynt poul in Vernon I 257.219-20: So mony soules ther weore in hold, Uchon on othur, as schep in fold. al420 Lydgate Troy III 604.1385-6: Broke and disaraied, With-oute guyde, right as shepe dismayed. cl450 Merlin II 640[3-4]: Thow art a-gein US as fooll hardy as the shepe a-gein the shepherd. See L36.

Sheep

schepe a-fore the wolf (to) fle. cl450 Jacob's Well 74.25-6: Ferst thou semyst a scheep, and thanne thou schewyt the a wolfe. cl450 Si. Cuthbert 138.4693-4: And we to wolves as schepe er left. With outen hirde or helpe. al470 Malory I 216.2-4 (Caxton's text)·. And the Romayns and sarasyns fledde from hym as the sheep fro the wulf or fro the lyon. 1485 Caxton Charles 81.3-4: They ranne tofore hym as sheep tofore the wulf whiche is hongry. 1502 Robert the Devil B2''[14-6]: Every man fledde frome them lyke as the shepe fled frome the wolfe. Whiting Scots II 123.

5212 As thick as Sheep in fold cl400 Sowdone 84.2941: And mewe a-down as thikke as shepe in folde. al475 Guy^ 156. 5447-8: The Lumbardes starte up full bolde As 5216 Old Sheep will oft infect the young thycke as schepe do in folde. Whiting Scots cl515 Barclay Eclogues 143.110-1: Infecte olde II 123. shepe with venim violent. And ofte be the yonge infected of the olde. See B14, C347, D298. 5213 As wise as a new shorn Sheep cISOO Lyfe of Roberte 242.596: Ye be as wyse 5217 One scabbed Sheep makes a foul flock as a shepe newe shome. (varied) 5214 He loves well Sheep's flesh (mutton) that clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 124[32-3]: {îylœs Öe an wannhal scep ealle Ôa eowde besmite. wets his bread in wool al475 Good Wyfe Wold 174.35-6: The mon ys al400 Wyclif Sermons I 28Ц35-6]: For о leprous at the foil, That he wyll low ys scheppys flesche, mai foule a flok, and a flok mai foule a more that wettytt his bred in woll. al500 Hill 131.33: (moor). al425 Rule of St. Benet (1) 23.10-1: A He loveth well moton, that weteth his bred in wicke shep may spille al the flok. al440 Spurious woll. 1546 Heywood D 75.159: He loveth well Chaucerian lines in Manly-Rickert V 435: Even sheeps flesh, that wets his bred in the wul. Ap- as a scabbed schepe in the folde. Alle a flocke person 562; Oxford 393; Tilley MI339. See MI5I. wolle defyle, both yonge and olde. al450 Rule of St. Benet (2) 84.1331-2: For thurgh a schep 5215 Like Sheep opposed to wolves (varied) that rote hase hent May many schep with rote a900 Bede 46.22-4: ForÖon swa swa sceap from be schent. cl450 Douce MS.52 51.87: Oon wulfum and wildeorum beoS fomumenne, swa scabbyd shepe makyth a fowle flock. cl450 {>a earman ceasterwaran toslitene and fomumene Rylands MS.394 102.6: shendith alle a flok. с14в0 WEeron. cIOOO Corpus Christi Homily (St. Take Good Heed 206.12: For oon scabbed shepe Margaret) in Assmann 172.70-1: Ic eom gesett may enfecte al a folde. aI500 Hill 129.49: On betweonen {jisum folce, swa swa sceap be- skabbid shepe infectith all the folde. 1520 Whittweonen wulfum. al300 Alüaunder 103.1819-20: tinton Vulgaria 116.28-9: For one scabbed shepe Men dreden hym, on uche half, So . . . shep the (as they saye) marreth a hole flocke. Apperson wolf. cl300 Robert of Gloucester 1 156.2201-2: 563; Oxford 564; Taylor and Whiting 324; Ye ne conne bote fle Ase ssep to vore wolves, Tilley S308; Whiting Scots II 123. Cf. Jante a1400 Arthur 15.476-8: Agenst Arthour hadde 329. See A167, S280. no fusoun. No more than have twenty schep Agenst vyve wolfez greet. al400 Scottish Leg5218 A Sheep in wolf s (fox's) clothing (skin) genda II 50.127-8: That as a schepe ymang cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 30.248-9: Hit wlfls brath Beheld quha fyrst suld do hir scath. may bifalle, heo seide, parde. That undur wolves cl400 Alexander Buik I 32.996-7: As scheip clothing a schep ther be. 1435 Misyn Fire that for the wolf takis flicht. He led the folk 89.36-7: A scheep cled in foxis skyn. See W474. before him was. cl400 Brut I 285.28-30: The Scottis hade that day no more foisoun ne myght 5219 To bind like Sheep ageynes the Englisshe-men, than xx shepe shulde cI200 Orm I 39.1187-9: Thatt mann himm have ageyns ν wolfes, 288.1-2: Ffor no nother band withth woghhe, Rihht all swa summ the wise dide thei stryve. Butt as .xx. shape among shep onfoth Meoclig, thatt mann itt clippethth. wolfes fyve. al415 Mirk Festial 175.29-30: Thai cl420 Wyntoun V 289.1894-5: And syne gert al fled from hym as schep from the wolfe. bynde thaim sickyrly As bundyn scheipe til al420 Lydgate Troy II 448.1888: And hke as Inglande.

Sheep

514

5220 To come like Sheep out of the fold (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al250 Bestiary 19.606-7: He to-gaddre gon о Wolde, So sep that cumen ut of folde. al300 Passion of Our Lord in Morris Old English Miscellany 37.5: Al volk wes to-dreved, so schep beoth in the wolde. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 307.4371: And ye ssolleth horn mete and quelle as so mony ssep vor naght, II 665.9395: We ssolle as so monye ssep to drive al the route. al325 Bonaventura Meditations (1) 15.452: They renne about as herdles shepe. al393 Gower CA III 305.2656-8: I sih also The noble peple of Irahel Dispers as Schep upon an hell. aI400 Destruction of Troy 45.1335: All shodurt {scattered) as shepe shont of his way. cl400 Brut I 87.7-9: The Romaines . . . hade no more power ne strength to withstande ham, than xx shepe ayennes v. wolfes. cI400 Laud Troy I 171.5808: The Gregeis died as schep In rot, 286.9694: Thei fel afftir him as hit were shepis. cl400 Mandeville Travels 3.5-8: For a semblee of peple withouten a cheventeyn or a chief lord is as a flok of scheep withouten a schepperde the which departeth and desparpleth and wyten never whider to go. al420 Lydgate Troy I 140.4315: That liehe to schepe wer forskatered wyde. III 785.430-1: And finally distroied, A(s) sely shepe. cl420 Wyntoun III 42.511: And thare thai stekit thaim as scheip, 65.810. cl460 Satirical Description 199[14]: Shoom as a sheep with sherys keen. 1490 Caxton Eneydos 108.22-3: And nowe be we without pastoure, as the sheep that is habaundouned. alSOO Now late me thought 286[21-2]: We wayled we wepte we fared as sheepe Whos herd was ded and lost us fro. 1509 Barclay Ship 1298[15]: Another bletyth lyke a shepe. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 117.11: And can noo moore good than a shepe.

S220 out of a folde. Taylor Comparisons 72; Whiting NC 472. See L44.

5223 To gather like Sheep in fold aI475 Guy^ 95.3312: He gedurd them, as shyp in folde. Whiting Scots II 123-4. 5224 To have Sheep graze under one's toe 1418 Man, be warre in Kail 62.45-6: For his mys-rulyng thou myght hyng. That shep myghte grese under thy to. Cf. Oxford 331: Keep sheep by moonlight. 5225 To know one from a Sheep cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 12.49: I wyll never sytt agayn with the at on mease while I lyff, and 1 may know the from a shepe. Tilley S316. 5226 To lead like a Sheep cI380 Pearl 29.801: As a schep to the slaght ther lad wats he. cl395 WBible Psalms Ixxix 2: That leedist forth Joseph as a scheep, Isaiah liii 7: As a scheep he schal be led to sleyng. aI400 Northern Verse Psalter I 251 (77.21): Thou ledde als schepe thi folk on one, 267 (79.2): That ledes Josep als a schepe. al400 Scottish Legends I 287.71. 5227 To shed [scatter) like Sheep out of a fold al400 Morie Arthure 86.2922: Owte of the scheltrone they schede, as schepe of a folde. Whiting Scots II 123. 5228 To shred {cut down) like Sheep in (a) fold al400 Le Morte Α. 77.2563: And shredde them downe as shepe in folde. al470 Malory III 1211.27: And shrede hem downe as shepe in a folde.

5229 To slay like Sheep al350 Castelford 121.23008: We sale tham now sia doune als schepe. cl400 Laud Troy I 133. 4488: He sclow hem doun, as it were schepe. cl420 Wyntoun III 43.508. clSOO Fabyan 5221 To flee like Sheep al300 Richard 447.7156: Thenne fledde the 66[18-9]: The Brytons were slayne as shepe Sarezynes as they were scheep. с1433 Lydgate amonge wolvys. Si. Edmund 403.382: For they lik sheepe fledde 5230 To stand like Sheep out of his syht. cl450 Ponthus 29.34. 1483 CaxcI433 Lydgate Si. Edmund 403.340-1: For lik a ton Golden Legende 143''[2.25-6]: They fled sheepe they stood alone, unguyded, Withoute away lyke as sheep done fro wulves. cl500 an hed, dispers and eek devyded. cl450 Ponthus Fabyan 411[6]: They fledde before hym, as 29.16-8: The Saresyns . . . stode as shepe withshepe before the wolfe, 531 [2]. 1533 Berners oute an herdman. See L49. Huon 188.9-10: (They) fled as the shepe doth fro the wolves, 748.12-3. Whiting Scots II 123. 5231 To cast a Sheep's Eye See L43. al529 Skelton Gamesche I 121.54: When ye kyst a shepys ie. 1555 Heywood E 162.99: He cast a sheepes eye at her. Apperson 563; Oxford 5222 To follow like Sheep al470 Malory I 238.26: They folowed as shepe 580; Taylor and Whiting 325; Tilley S323.

S248

515

5232 Scant worth a Sheep's Pelt cl515 Barclay Eclogues 37.1030: Then is thy favour scant worth a shepes pelt. 5233 To go to Sheep Wash (i.e., be killed) cl443 Chronicle of London 112[26-8]: But the moste vengeaunce fell upon the proude Scottes; for there wente to schep wassh of them the same day mo thanne xvii'= of cote armes be a countynge of herowdes.

Ship ever after it shall smell somwhat soure. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 110.15-6: 1 have red in Horace A pytcher wyll have a smatche longe after of the lyquoure that was fyrst put in it. c l 5 2 3 Barclay Mirrour 83[6-7]: Yet an earthen vessell is ever sweete or soure, And after still keepeth taste of the first licour. Horace, Epistles 1.2.69-70: Quo semel est imbuta recens servabit odorem testa diu. See C226, 525, 649, 8262.

5234 To be a Sheet-anchor 5241 (Under a gentle Shepherd) the wolf shits 1528 More Heresyes 181 C[14-5]: Yet is this wool (varied) point their shote ancre, 195 F[9-10]: And thys al387 Piers С χ 264: Thyne sheep are ner al was against the stone the very shote anker, shabbyd, the wolf shiteth woolle: Sub molli 1529 Supplicacion 318 Β[5-6], 1533 Con- pastore lupus larmm cacat, et grex In-custoditus futación 726 F[l-2]. 1546 Heywood D 27.50: dilaceratur eo. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus Her substaunce is shoote anker, wherat 1 shoote, 12[18-9]: The shepherde that wakyth well, ther 1556 Spider 401 [6]: I must make my shoote shall the wolf no wolle shyte. Walther V 163. anker, [8], 412[19], 423[8]. NED Sheet-anchor b. 30542.

5235 As round as a Shell 5242 Under a soft Shepherd the wolf has to-rent c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 82.2395 (шг.): Als round many a lamb as ane schell. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VI[C] 101-2: Under a shepherde softe and necligent The wolf hath 5236 Not (a)vail a Shell c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 213.7236: Here ropes vayled many a sheep and lamb torent. Oxford 723. Cf. Jente 40. not of a schale. 5243 Not worth a Shide (piece of wood) 5237 Not worth a Shell al400 Cursor 111 1362 F 23828: Thaire speche c l 3 3 0 St. Katherine 254 С 515: Thy stryvyng is noght worth a shelle. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy 1 is nought Wurth a schyde. 296.10053-4, II 436.14797. c l 4 5 0 Greene Carols 5244 To bring a Shilling to ninepence 383.2: Ther is non man worght a schelle. 1546 Heywood D 71.38: To bryng a shillyng to .ix. pens quickely. Apperson 564; Oxford 65; 5238 To bring up from the Shell 1546 Heywood D 34.63-4: An aunte . . . who Tilley N194. See M383. well (Sens my mother died) brought me up from 5245 As sooth as Ships sail over waters the shell. al500 Thre Prestís 49.1149: Als suith it is as ships saillis over watters. 5239 To shoot at a Shell (sexual sense) al513 Dunbar Ane His Awin Ennemy 2.13: And schuttis syne at ane uncow schell. NED 5246 As swift as a Ship al450 Castle 129.1740-1: 1 go, 1 go, on grounde Shell sb.l 2b; Whiting Scots 11 124. glad, Swyfter thanne schyp with rodyr! 5240 What a new Shell takes the old savors of 5247 Like a steerless (rudderless) Ship (varied) al437 Kingis Quair 49.15[3-4]: Ryght as the al447 Bokenham Mappula 33[35-9]: Aftir the schip that sailith stereles Upon the rok(kis) sentence of Oracius the poet, seyinge on this most to harmes hye. с1450 Idley 89.532: They wyse: versus: Quo semel est imbuta recens lieve in rest as shippe without Rother. Tilley servabit odorem testa diu et с.—That is to sey: S347. syche savour as the newe shelle takithe, when hit is eldder hit kepythe, 1447 Bokenham 5248 A Ship is more sicker in little water than 45.1649-50: For, as longe to-fome be a poete in the deep sea (varied) was tolde, What newe shelle taketh it savouryth c900 Old English Cato 4.28-9: Unpleolucar man olde. 1464 Hardyng 181[4-5]: For what savour row8 mid lytle bate on lytle watere {)one mid a newe shell is taken with. When it is olde it mycelan scipe on mycele waetere, (Trinity tasteth of the same. 1509 Barclay Ship 147[13-4]: College Cambridge) in John M. Kemble DiaBut fyll an erthen pot first with yll lycoure And logue of Salomon and Saturnus (London, 1848)

Ship

516

262[l-3]: Beo gehalde on Sam 8e Su haebbe; unpleolicre hit biS on lytlum scipe and on lytlum wœtere, Sonne on miclum scipe and on miclum waetre. cl390 Coto (Vernon) 578.307-8: Schip is more siker in luitel water Then in the deope see. al400 Cato (Copenhagen) A5''[19-20]: For shepis that saylyn in esy floode, Comenly they comyn to goode, B4''[15-6]: For shippys ben sekerer by the lande Than in the tempest fer saylande. al440 Burgh Cato 313.429-30: For than is the ship in the see moste sur. What tyme the flode excedithe nat mesur. al475 Cato (Rawlinson) 23.256-7: Sykerer is the schyppe in esy flood. Than forthir forth in wawys wood. 1483 Caxton Cato E7''[5-7]: For the shyppe saylleth more surelye in a lytel ryvere than in a grete flode as in the se. See S250, 655, 801.

S249 As forto take yow nere me then my shert. See C303.

5256 To be Shirted nearer than one's skin c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 17.493-4: The wofulle liif unto yow to biwray Which shertith me more nerre than doth my skyn. Cf. Apperson 437-8; Oxford 444; Taylor and Whiting 337; Tilley S356. 5257 A stepmother Shi ve (slice of bread) 1483 Caiholicon Anglicum 361 [2.9]: A stepmoder schyfe: colirída. NED Stepmother Id. See S720. 5258 As black as any Shoe c l 4 1 0 Lovelich Grail III 42.106: And therto As blak As Ony Scho. Svartengren 242. See S459.

5259 Go clout (mend) your Shoes al460 Towneley Plays 33.353: Yei, noe, go 5249 A Ship or barge may be overladen cloute thi shone, the better will thai last. Whitc l 3 8 6 Chaucer LGW 621: For men may overing Drama 338:458, 356:742. Cf. Tilley S377. lade a ship or barge. al420 Lydgate Troy III 571.288-9: Men with to moche may over-lade 5260 Not worth an old Shoe a barge, And nam(e)ly in tempest and in rage. 01395 Chaucer CT III[D] 707-8: The clerk, See B422, C16, T118, W6. whan he is oold, and may noght do Of Venus Werkes worth his olde sho. al500 Carpenter's 5250 A Ship should never drown if it were kept Tools 85.182: It is not worthe an old sho. 1534 in the haven Heywood Love В4''[25]. Whiting Drama 362:834. al420 Lydgate Troy 1 248.3610-4: For never schip schulde in pereil drown, . . . Yif it wer 5261 Put your Shoes in your bosom for wearing kepte in the havene stille. c l 5 2 0 Walter Spec- cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes 98.184-5: Gentyltacle D I ' P O - I ] : For the shyp sholde never by men? ye gentylmen? Jak heryng! Put your tempest spyll, Yf in the haven it contynued styll. shone in your bosom for weryng! Whiting Drama Cf. Jente 188; Oxford 133; Tilley S345. See 369:935. S248. 5262 A Shoe holds its first form (shape) 1340 Ayenbite 220[23-4]: Zuiche fourme ase the 5251 Shipmen are liars c l 3 8 0 Chaucer HF 2121-4: And, Lord, this SSO takth ate ginnynge: he halt evremore ine hous in alle tymes, Was ful of shipmen and thet Stat. cl400 Vices and Virtues 200.1-3: For pilgrimes. With scrippes bret-ful of lesinges, a child wole ever-more holde his first forme Entremedled with tydynges. See D246, P18, and wone, as doth a scho, 244.23-4: And suche schap that a scho taketh on a foot at the first, R185. he halt alwey. See S240. 5252 Shipmen in peril are devout 1519 Horman Vulgaria 361[28]: Shypmen in 5263 The Shoe will hold with the sole 1546 Heywood D 72.70: Folke say of olde, the pareil be devout. Cf. Tilley V97. shoe will holde with the sole, 1555 E 172.144. 5253 After the Shipwreck they dread the sea Apperson 565; Oxford 583; Tilley S371. a900 Alfred Gregory 403.12-3: Ôaet hie hum 5264 They often do off his Shoe whose foot they œfter Öaem scipgebroce him Sa sae ondraeden. would cut off See C201. cl505 Watson Valentine 59.22-4: But it is sayd 5254 To din like the Shipwright on nail in a comyn proverbe, that they do the shoo al300 Alisaunder 205.3659-60: That is dyned often of, whom of they wolde cut of the foote. so righth. So on nayl dooth the ship-wrighth. See note p. 331. 5255 To be nearer than one's Shirt 5265 To cast an old Shoe after one c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 93.2775: Which sat 1546 Heywood D 34.38: Nowe for good lucke, him nere than evyr sat him shert, 179.5364: caste an olde shoe after шее. Tilley S372.

S283

517

Shrew

5266 To know best where one's Shoe wrings 5274 To spend one's Shot cl395 Chaucer CT 1II[D] 491-4: For, God it 1522 Skelton Why Come II 30.124: For we have woot, he sat ful ofte and song, Whan that his spente our shot. See B434. shoo ful bitterly hym wrong. Thar was no wight, 5275 As wholesome as a Shoulder of mutton save God and he, that wiste. In many wise, how for a sick horse soore I hym twiste, IV[E] 1553: But I woot best where wryngeth me my sho. 1546 Hey- 1546 Heywood D 86-7.224-6: Thou art, to be plaine, and not to flatter thee, As holsome a wood D 74.138: My selfe can tell best, where morseli for my comely cors. As a shoulder of my shooe doth wryng шее. Apperson 565; Jente mutton for a sicke hors. Apperson 568; Oxford 337; Oxford 583; Skeat 277; Taylor and Whiting 585; Tilley S399. 328-9; Tilley M129; Whiting Drama 39, Scots II 124. See G186, M222. 5276 To be Shovel-footed al400 Morte Arthure 33.1098: Schovell-fotede 5267 To mistread one's Shoe (varied) al325 People of Kildare in Heuser 156.9[3]: was that schalke.

Ofte mistredith ye (nuns) yur schone, yur fete 5277 After sharp Showers (battles) are victories beth ful tendre. cl425 Hoccleve Jonathas cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1063-4: Men sen alday, 218.66: But swich oon as hath trode hir shoo and reden ek in stories, That after sharpe shoures amis. cl450 When the son 388.169: Of xl yer ben victories. Skeat 182. maydens that never tred her sho amys. cl475 Thewis 192.273: Quhen scho is tred hir scho 5278 After sharp Showers most sheen is the sun 01378 Piers В xviii 409-12: After sharpe shoures one heill. 1563 Heywood E 232.21.1: My wyfe . . . moste shene is the sonne; Is no weder doth ever tread hir shooe a wry. Apperson 644; NED Tread v. 13b; Tilley S373; Whiting Drama warmer than after watery cloudes. Ne no love levere ne lever frendes. Than after werre and 368:910, Scots II 124. wo, whan Love and Pees be maistres. Apperson 5268 To set as short as old Shoes (i.e., treat 604; Skeat 154. See S734, 797. rudely) 1532 More Confutación 410 D[ll-2]: Now if 5279 As rife as a Shower of rain this made Tindal bolde to set Origene as short al300 Floris 76.73: With teres rive ase a scur of r(e)ne. as his olde shone. Shrew, sb. 5269 To wear a Shoe on the hand and a glove on the foot 5280 One Shrew in a court may shend (ruin) al393 Gower CA II 14.356-9: Upon the hond many a man (varied) to were a Schoo And sette upon the fot a cl330 Times of Edward II 335.270: Ac о shrewe Glove Acordeth noght to the behove Of re- in a court many man may shende. a1400 Destrucsonable mannes us. tion of Troy 409.12546-7: Oft-sythes men sayn, and sene is of olde. That all a company is 5270 Who is worse shod than the Shoemaker's cumbrit for a cursed shrewe. See АХб·?, S217. wife? 1546 Heywood D 49.267-8: But who is wurs 5281 A Shrew may get a right good child shod, than the shoemakers wyfe. With shops cl398 W. Paris Cristine in Horstmann Sammlung full of newe shoes all hir lyfe? 1555 E 194.277. 183.19: It was of hyme as of moo is: A sherew Apperson 566; Oxford 432; Tilley S387. may gete a childe righte goode.

5271 Short Shooting loses the game 5282 Some Shrew is in every order 1546 Heywood D 97.226: Short shootyng leeseth cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 995: Of every ordre your game. Apperson 568; Oxford 585; Tilley som shrewe is, pardee. Cf. Tilley F49. S390. 5283 Two Shrews will accord (varied) 5272 To set up Shop on Goodwin's Sands 1549 Heywood D 93.84: And so set up shop с1300 South English Legendary I 242.24: As upon Goodwins sands. Apperson 265; Oxford tweie ssrewen acordeth sone at an luther rede, II 694.67-8: Vor they in al a contreye bote 259; Tilley S393. tweye schrewen nere Yut hii wolde felawes beo yif hii togadere were, 701.100: Vor twei schre5273 To lean to the wrong Shore 1546 Heywood D 64.64: Ye leane . . . to the wen wolleth beo freond thei noman elles nere. Cf. Tilley Т121а. wrong shore. Oxford 357; Tilley S395.

Shrew

518

5284 When all Shrews have dined change from foul weather to fair is oft inclined 1546 Heywood D 58.39-40: And when all shrews have dind, Chaunge from foule weather to faire is oft enclind. Apperson 568; Oxford 187; Tilley W218.

S284 gate Fabules in MP II 577.327: Si dedero is now so mery a song. al450 Castle 103.881-2: Of Mankynde, getyth no man no good. But if he synge "si dedero." al450 Summe maner in London Medieval Studies 2(1951) 64.107: Si dedero was ther lessoun. cl450 Idley 90.560: Thus must thou leme to synge "Si dedero." Rei. Ant. II 6.

5285 Who deals with Shrews should work by advice (varied) al400 Siege of Jerusalem 50.866 (var.): It is good 5293 Sib (kinsman) is dearest to each (varied) wurche be avys who schal dele with schrewys. c735 Beowu//2600-1: Sibb' aefre ne maeg Wiht cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.145-6: Who so is onwendan J^am Öe wel JienceS. c950 Bodley copyld with a schrewe Wyrk wysely and say bot MS. Auct. D 2.19 in Ker Catalogue 352[10]: Sibb fewe. cl499 Skelton Bowge I 50.525: Who is eghwsem leofost. See B359. deleth with shrewes hath nede to loke aboute. 5294 As wise as Sibyl alSOO Croxton Sacrament in Waterhouse 68.351: Shrew, vb. They hold hym vv^ser than ever was Syble sage. 5286 Shrew (curse) one, shrew other al400 Bozon Contes 78[1]: Schrewe on, schrewe 5295 Sice (six) turns to ace cI390 Chaucer CT VII 2661[В3851]: Thy sys other. See G258. Fortune hath turned into aas. 5287 As soft as any Shrift cl386 Chaucer LGW 745: And with a soun as 5296 He is wonder Sick that may let no man softe as any shryfte. touch him cl450 Jacobs Well 70.34-5: He is wonder syke 5288 Shropshire sharp shins that may lete no man towchyn hym. a1500 Characteristics of Counties in Rei. Ant. I 269[9]: Schropschir, my schinnes ben scharpe. 5297 If you are Sicker put you not in dread Apperson 569; Tilley S340. (varied) cl396 Chaucer Bukton 25-8: This lytel writ, 5289 Shrovetide comes once a year proverbes, or figure I sende yow, take kepe of 1519 Horman VuZgorio 431[3]: Shroftyde cometh yt, I rede; Unwys is he that kan no wele endure. ones a yere and is full of sporte. Cf. Taylor If thow be siker, put the nat in drede. cl450 and Whiting 69: Christmas. Fyrst thou sal 90.139-40: If thou be sykyr kepe 5290 He Shuns (keeps out of the way) who thi place, Be war be tyme and take thi grace. Skeat 144. See E32, P245, R95, S356, 668, W556. knows himself foul (has misguilt) cl250 Owl 22.233-6: A wis word, theh hit bo 5298 After Sickness comes heal (health) unclene. Is fele manne a-muthe imene. For al400 Proverbis of Wysdom (II) 222.34: After Alured King hit seide and wrot: "He schunet syknes cometh hele. See B325. that hine (vu)l wot." al400 And Martha keped in Horstmann Sammlung 163.24: For ever he 5299 Sickness has no law schoneth that hath misgilt. See G492, M326. al420 Lydgate Troy I 370.7898: And for thei sawe that siknes hath no lawe. See N51. 5291 Not worth a Shuttlecock 1522 Skelton Why Come II 38.351: Nat worth 5300 There is no Sickness but some succor is given a shyttel соске. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 168.25-6: For there is noo 5292 To sing Si Dedero syknes but that som socoure is gyven therunto. 1381 Jack Trewman in Knighton II 139[22]: No Cf. Tilley S84. man may come trewthe to, bot he syng si dedero. al400 Harley MS.2316 in Rei. Ant. II 5301 To be deaf on the better Side (varied) 121[35-8]: Now goot falshed in everi flok. And cl450 Idley 90.567: When they list they be trewthe is sperd under a lok; Now no man may deiffe on the better side. 1555 Heywood E comen ther to. But yef he singge si dedero, 163.107: I can not heare on that side, no trueth Royal MS. 17 В xvii in Yorkshire Writers II to tell: Of any side, thou couldst never yet 65[18-21]: Now gos gyle in ever-ilk flok. And heare well. treuthe is sperrid imdre a lok; May no mon that 5302 To know on which Side one's bread is lok undo. But if he syng si dedero. al449 Lyd- buttered

S3Ï6

519

1546 Heywood D 88.264: I know on which syde my bread is buttred. Apperson 64; Oxford 346; Taylor and Whiting 332; Tilley S425.

Silk Troy III 724.5469-71: Silence, in soth, hath ofte in hasty strif Hadde of victorie a prerogatyf. And the palme of debatis wonne.

5303 To rise on one's right Side 5310 As fine as Silk 1546 Heywood D 67.56: You rose on your right cl500 Lady Bessy 47[9]: Hir faxe that was as syde here right. Apperson 532; Oxford 544; fyne as silcke. Taylor and Whiting 334. Taylor and Whiting 21-2; Tilley S426. 5311 As nesh (soft) as Silk 5304 As sib {related) as Sieve and riddle (coarse al450 Pety Job in Kail 126.173-4: My bloode ys sieve) nessher than ys sylke. In reyny weder that sone al500 Thre Prestís 28.476: I am to yow als sib woll fade. as seif is to ana riddil. al508 Dunbar Testament 5312 As red as Silk 73.55-6: We weir als sib as seve and riddili, In al400 Florís 79.366: And that other reed so una silva que creverunt. Apperson 570; Oxford sylk. See S148. 587; Tilley S434; Whiting Scoto II 124. 5313 As soft as (the, any) Silk 5305 To keep as a Sieve keeps ale cI325 Maid of Ribbesdale in Böddeker 158.76: al393 Gower CA II 238.433-4: For as a Sive Eyther side soft ase sylk. al350 Ywain 83.3105: kepeth Ale, Riht so can Cheste kepe a tale. Of riche cloth soft als the sylk. cl395 Chaucer Cf. Taylor and Whiting 333. CT V[F] 613: And strawe hir cage faire and softe as silk. al400 Moder of gresse 192.1090: Ther 5306 As swart as Sigelwara (Ethiopians) alOOO Two Apocrypha H 40[2-4 : Se biö swa is a gres softe as sylke. cl408 Lydgate Reson sweart swa . . . silharewa. J. R. R. Tolkien 44.1643: Of hir pappis softe as silke, 1420 "Sigelwara Land," Medium Жкит 1(1932) Temple 24.540, al430 Pilgrimage 655.24466: any, 1420 Si. Margarete in MP I 188.416, al439 183-96, 3(1934) 95-111. Fall I 196.6943, II 556.3046, al449 Fifteen Joys 5307 Out of Sight out of mind (varied) in MP I 261.8: any. al450 Partonope 66.2237: cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 122 Τ 487-8: For he eny. cl450 When the son 390.268: And softer that is Ute bi-loken He is inne sone foryeten. hyt was then opyn sylke. cl455 Partonope S cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 323.17-8: 487.235-6: In Armes hee klipte that womman That heo ane hwyle nere Out of is sighte in free, Softe as selk hee gan hiere fynde. 1471 othur Stüde: that heo fur-yite were. cl385 Ripley Compound 137[13]. al475 Talk of Ten Chaucer TC iv 423-4: Or elles selde seynge of Wives 31 [23]: ony. с1485 Burial and Resurreca wight, Don olde affecciouns alle over-go. tion 197.774: Your fleshe was soft os tender cl400 Mandeville Travels 4.8-10: For thinges silke. alSOO Catalogue of Delights in Robbins passed out of longe tyme from a mannes mynde 121.30: any. al500 Medwall Nature D2''[38]. or from his syght turnen sone in to foryetynge. al500 О Heavenly Star in Brown Lyrics XV cl475 Brome Abraham in Waterhouse 44.201-2: 206.8. al500 St. Kateryne 262.187: ony. 1506 For, be I onys ded and from yow goo, I schall Hawes Pastime 63.1590: ony. al508 Dunbar be sone out of yowre mynd. 1518 Watson Oliver Tretis 87.96: Bot soft and soupill as the silk is D3''[13-4]: And this notwithstandynge yf that his sary lume. al508 Skelton Phyllyp 1 85.1119. he were ferre from his syghte yet he sholde not Apperson 585; Taylor Comparisons 76; Tilley be longed from his herte. 1546 Heywood D S449; Whiting Drama 325:290, Scots II 125. 23.27: Out of sight of minde, 1555 E 151.32: Out of sight out of minde. Apperson 476; Jente 5314 As sweet as Silk 166; Oxford 480; Taylor and Whiting 333; Tilley al400 Cursor III 1219 Τ 21296: And Jones hony S438; Whiting Drama 128, 140. See A16, D72, swete as silke (CO: suilk, F: squilk). E213, 216, незз, L536, M569, S130. 5315 As white as (the) Silk 5308 Silence is a great virtue al400 Destruction of Troy 129.3993: (Cassandra) al410 Love Mirrour 53[27]: Silence is a grete as the silke white. al475 Liber Cure Cocorum vertue. Cf. Apperson 594: Speech; Jente 800; 13[5]: Take flour of ryse, as whyte as sylke. Oxford 612; Taylor and Whiting 346. See W587. 5316 One cannot make Silk of a goat's fleece cl515 Barclay Eclogues 194.360: Nor (can any) 5309 Silence overcomes (has the victory) cl400 Consilia Isidori 369[34-5]: For by sylence make goodly silke of a gotes flece. Cf. Tilley thou schalte the sonner overcome. al420 Lydgate P666. See H484, L6, S976.

Silk

520

5317 To be like Silk al400 Destruction of Troy 126.3899: Here huet on his hede as haspis of silke. 5318 To shine like Silk al475 Seege of Troye 199 H 1530g: Неге lovely ffax shyned as selke. 5319 To be like Silk Thread cl350 Libeaus 53.940: Her browes as selke threde.

S317 fyre SoÖe dome, swa man seolfor deS, {jonne man hit aseoSeS swyöe mid fyre. clOOO Regius Psalter 116 (65.10): f)u amyredest (us) swa swa amered biS seolfor. cllOO Salisbury Psalter 161 (65.10). cl350 Prose Psalter 76 (65.9): Thou assaid us with fur as silver is proved. cl395 WBible Psalms Ixv 10: Thou hast examyned us bi fier, as silver is examyned, Proverbs xvii 3: As silver is preved bi fier, and gold is preved bi a chymnei, so the Lord preveth hertis, xxvii 21: As silver is prevyd in a wellyng place, and gold is preved in a fumeys; so a man is preved bi the mouth of preyseris. See F180, G298, M522, S410.

5320 As bright as (any, the) Silver cl300 Guyi 454 A 92.4: As bright as ani silver it vsias. cl380 Ferumbras 39.988: Durendal, that schon so silver bright, с 1385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2608: Out goon the swerdes as the silver 5328 To be Süver sick brighte. al393 Gower CA III 32.3110. al400 cl475 Henryson Fables 71.2036: And ye ar silver Alexander С 248.4808: the. al400 Morte Arthure seik, I wait rieht weill. NED Silver 21; Tilley 97.3282, 124.4215: ony. al400 Sœttish Leg- D620; Whiting Scots II 125. See P449. ends II 388.53-4. cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 567.21285-6. al450 Partonope 158.4366. cl450 5329 To shine like any Silver Merlin II 260[28]: Hauberkes bright shynynge aI470 Malory II 750.33: Hys shylde that shone lyke ony . . . sylver. Whiting Scots II 125. as fin silveir. al475 Ludus Coventriae 198.167. al500 Take EHh of Erth in Ashmole 273[30]. 5330 Where Silver fails dainties are oft seen in a Tilley S453. pewter dish al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 567.17-8: S320a Silver-bright aI420 Lydgate Troy II 497.3569: Silver bright, Where sylver fayleth, in a pewter dyssh Ryall dentees byn oft tymes seyne. See V24. with rounde perlys fyne, al439 Fall I 264.2273: Scales silver-briht. NED Silver 19. 5331 As bright as Silver Wire cl400 Laud Troy I 134.4535-6: He toke his 5321 As clean as pured {refined) Silver armes and his atyre. That were as bryght as al460 Towneley Plays 221.542-3: As cleyn . . . silver wyre. As puryd sylver. 5332 Simper de cocket 5322 As fine as Silver al400 PChaucer Rom. A 1556-7: And eke the al529 Skelton Elynour I 96.54-5: And gray gravell, which that shoon Down in the botme russet rocket. With symper the cocket. 1533 Heywood Weather Dl''[31]: I saw you dally as silver fyn. vi^th your symper de cokket, 1546 D 32. Oxford 5323 As white as Silver 591; Tilley S462. cl440 Prose Alexander 94.15: Lefes whitt als 5333 Every Sin brings (tills [draws'^ in another sylver. Svartengren 232; Tilley S453. cl400 Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW III 5324 Silver is sweet 133[34]: Ffor everiche synne brynges in another. al37e Piers A Prol. 83: Selver is swete. al450 Castle 108.1035: Thus Every synne tyllyth in other. See M591, S340. 5325 Silver-sheen al420 Lydgate Troy III 831.2055: With skalis silver shene, cl42I Thebes 132.3219. Whiting 5334 Forholen (hidden) Sin is like fire in the bosom Scots II 125. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 390.12445-8: Ryght 5326 To be like Silver so fareth forholen synne. As fyre, bore bosum cl380 Pearl 3.77: As bomyst sylver the lef on ynne; At the laste, hyt hym dereth. And brenslydes. nyth that hym aboute bereth. See F208. 5327 To be proved like Silver 5335 Forsake Sin ere sin forsake you (varied) 897 Alfred Boethius 120.14-5: {)a amered on alOOO Pseudo-Alcuin 388.421-2: Gyf })u [)onne Ôœm heofonlican fyre, swa her biS seolfor. c900 wylt don daedbote, {jonne JDU synegian ne miht, París Psalter 19 (65.9): Ure costade god claene Jjonne forlaeteö {le {)ine synnen, na ¡зи heo.

S345

521

c l l 7 5 Poema Morale 179.128-9: To late vorlet thet evele wore that hit ne mai don na more. Senne let the and thu nah hoe thanne thu ne miht hi do more. cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 286: Forsaketh synne, er synne yow forsake, X[I] 93: And therfore repentant folk, that stynte for to synne, and forlete synne er that synne forlete hem, hooly chirche holdeth hem siker of hire savacioun. al400 Lavynham 18.11-2: Thy synnys have forsake the and not thou thy synnys. al400 Scottish Legends II 70.39-42: For he that cesis nocht to syne Til that it lewis hyme, Sal nothyr haf thang no mede Til lef, quhen he ma do na dede. cI415 Middle English Sermons 181.17-8: For-why he never forsoke lecherye to lechery forsoke hym. al450 Audelay 181.1-2: A! mon, yif thou wold savyd be Foresake thi syn or hit do the. cl450 Alphabet 1 22.3: At (for that) will not lefe syn or it lefe thaim. cI450 Fyrst thou sal 91.174: Lefe thi syn ot (for or) the warld lefe the. cl450 Jacob's Well 36. 18-9: I, synfull wrecche, lefte my synne, er my synne lefte me, 108.6: Tarye noght tyl thi synne hath forsake the. cl450 Of the seven Ages 485 [22-3]: When thi syn has the forsake Than for thi bale thou aske heven blis. cI450 Raüs 42. 1462-3: Syk men thar trepas lewis nocht Bot It lef thaim quhen thai na mocht. alSOO Thre Prestís 51.1229: Thow leifs nocht sin quhill sin hes left the. 1502 Wellcome MS.41 in S. A. J. Moorat Catalogue of Western Manuscripts . . . in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library (London, 1962) 27: Accipe that longeth to the, Redde to god that his shuld be, Fluge synne or it fle the, Thanne hevyn blysse your mede shalbe. al513 Dunbar Maner of Passing 169.69-70: Small merit is of synnes for to irke Quhen thow art aid and ma na wrangis vi^rke. 1555 Heywood E 195.281: Leave it or it leave you, leave what folly, He can never leave it nor it him wholly. Whiting Scots II 125. See W407. 5336 If you think to do no Sin, do nothing that belongs thereto al475 Good Wyfe Wold 175.66: Men wyll sey so, "Yefe thou thenke to do no syne, do nothynge that longythe therto."

Sin

maketh nywe schame, Thagh hy for-yete be. al393 Gower CA II 281.2033: Men sein, "Old Senne newe schame," III 377.5115-6: So that the comun clamour tolde The newe schame of Sennas olde. al450 God of hefne, that sittest 411.217-9: Ffor men seyen in olde speche, Grene wounde nys bote game. And ole synne maketh newe schame. cl450 Bishop Boothe in Wright Political Poems II 226[14]: Shame sewith sone, whenne syn gooth byfore. cl450 Douce MS.52 55.119: Olde synnys makyn new shamys. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.117: Old syn makes newe schame. cl450 Rylands MS.364 104.18.24: Eide. 1464 Hardyng 213[21]: Thus synnes olde, make shames come full newe. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 121.47. cl500 Melusine 79.4-6: I now perceyve wel and see that the proverbe that is said commonly is traw, that is "that olda synne reneweth shame." Apperson 467; Jente 582; Oxford 473; Skeat 56; Tilley S471; Whiting Scots Π 125. See RlOl. 5339 Old Sins will coma out in green wax cl450 Idley 92.665: Ffor olde synnes woll com out in grena waxa. 5340 One Sin will intermell (intermingle) with another al450 Quixley Ballades 47.293: Oon syn with another will entermalle. Sea S333. 5341 Sin has a fall 1509 Barclay Ship I 86[20]: For aver more all synne hath had a fall. See P393. 5342 Sin is fair without and foul within al500 Trentals of Gregory (Edinburgh) in Anglia 13(1890) 303.27-8: "Alas," he sayde, "alas for syn. So fayre with-out and fole with-in." Saa A155. 5343 Sin is not forgiven without restitution al387 Piers С vii 256-7: For the pope and alle hus penatauncers power ham faylleth, To a-soyle the of thy synnes sine restitutione; Nunquam dimittitur peccatum nisi restituatur ablatum. cl450 Idlay 144.2237-8: And also the synne is in no wysa foryaven Without restitución, thoughe he therof be shreven, 150.2614-6: And the pope hymsilf may not dispence, Ffor ther availeth no penauns ne absolución But if thow clierly make rastitucioun. Walther III 248.17503; Whiting Scoto II 125.

5337 It is a Sin to belie (lie on) the devil 1513 More Richard 57 С [8]: For sinne it wer to belie the devil. 1556 Heywood Spider 235[8]: Wyse flies saie: it is sin to lie on the devili. Apperson 144; Oxford 364; Tilley S470. 5344 Sin is sweet al445 Carl 140.410: For synn ys swete. Cf. 5338 Old Sin makes new shame Whiting Scots II 125. cl300 Havelok 83.2461: Old sinne makes newe shame. al333 Shoreham Poems 98.17-8: Senne 5345 Sin returns ever upon its master

Sin

522

1484 Caxton Aesop 75[15-6]: For synne retometh ever upon his mayster. See D22, 342.

S346 men and women, and all sodeynly aftir the lesson, the lith schuld be blow out and than schuld thei pley, as Wiclif disciples played, Sistir me nedith.

5346 To do Sin is mannish, to persevere in sin is the work of the devil {varied) cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1264[В2454]: The prov- S355 Better Sit still than rise and fall {varied) erbe seith that "for to do synne is mannyssh, al460 Towneley Plays 229.28: It is better syt still but certes for to persevere longe in synne is then rise up and fall. alSOO MS. Margirmlia in werk of the devel." cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's Hoccleve I 228 n. 9: Better hyt hys, seeten to Wife 167.783-4: Be nat abassht, it manly is to abyde, Then hastly to clym, and hastly to clyde synne, but feendly is longe lye ther-ynne. 1487 (glyde). 1546 Heywood D 73.102: Better syt styll О thou most noble 321[8-9]: For the doctor than ryse and fall, 1555 E 183.204, 1556 Spider saieth it is naturall to synne. But diabolike to 385[2]: Wise flies saie: as good sit still: as rise persevere therein. Apperson 572-3. and fall. Apperson 574; Oxford 41; Tilley S491. See C296. 5347 To sink in one's ovra Sin 1546 Heywood D 39.150: Thou shalte sure sinke S35e He that Sits well let him not move in thine own syn for us, 1555 E 189.240: He 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 516.8-9: The proverbe shall synke in his owne sinne, ye when he that sayth that he that sytteth well late hym synkth. But he fleeeth in his owne sin yet me not meve. Cf. Whiting Scots II 125-6. See S297. thinkth. Apperson 574; Tilley S468. 5357 Who Sits highest is soonest overthrown 8348 When one bids you, it is no Sin to drink {varied) el470 Harley MS.3362 f.3a in Retrospective al439 Lydgate Fall I 60.2163: For who sit hiest 309[21]: Whan me byddyth the, yt ys no synne is sonest overthrowe, 94.3438-9: For who to drynke. See M640, W499. sit hiest, stant in jupartie, Undir daunger off Fortune lik to fall, 172.6089-90: For whan ye 5349 Let him that Sings worst begin first wene sitte hiest atte fülle. Than will she rathest 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 5[26-7]: He that your briht(e) fethres pulle, 283.2947: Whan ye sit singyth worst begynne furste. hiest, your fai is most to dreede, al449 Mydsomer Rose in MP II 782.47: Who sittith hihest 5350 To Sing ill-a-hale moost like to falle soone. Oxford 295; Whiting al460 Towneley Plays 240.375: I may syng yllaScots I 188-9. See R191. hayll. See S469. 5351 For one Sinner a hundred shall perish 5358 To play Sitisot {a game) al500 Partenay 129.3685-Θ: Ye know what c l 3 0 0 Si. Alexius 182.366: Som plaied with him men sain moste, lo! comynly, For A synner per- sitti-sotte. al325 Cursor II 948 CO 16623: And ish shall An hundred, loi See A167. wit him thai plaid sitisott (F: abobet, T: a bobet). MED abobbed. 5352 Who dreads (neither) Sire nor dame shall aby {pay for) it 5359 To set (cast) (all) at Six and seven {varied) al400 Romaunt С 5887-8: For who that dredith c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC iv 622: But manly sette the sire ne dame, Shal it abye in body or name. world on six and sevene. al400 Morte Arthure See F78. 63.2131: Thus he settez on seven with his sekyre knyghttez. c l 4 4 0 Dégrevant 84.1294-6: Had 5353 Three Sisters my horse gane evyne, I sold haf sett alle on al405 Lydgate Complaint in MP II 402.487-8: Er I was bome, my destanye was spönne By sevene Ffor Myldor the swete. a1450 Whan that Parcas sustren. cl449 Pecock Repressor II phebus in Sandison 124.27-8: Than sayth the 155[28-30]: This opinioun, that iii. sistris worlde, "Set all at syxe and seven, Folowe thy (whiche ben spiritis) comen to the cradilis of lust and plesure." al460 Towneley Plays 101.38: By my wytt to fynde to cast the warld in seven, infantis, forto sette to the babe what schal bi169.128: I shall, and that in hy, set all on sex falle to him. cl475 Henryson Orpheus 145.505: and seven. cl475 Golagros 18.508-9: For thair Scho send hym doun unto the sistiris thre. Oxis segis in yone sail wil set upone sevin. Or ford 654; Tilley S490. thay be wrangit, 23.668: With seymely scheildis to schew, thai set upone sevin. c l 4 9 5 Arundel 5354 To play "Sister me needs" Vulgaria 18.70: But settes all at sixe and sevyn. c l 4 5 0 Capgrave Lives 31.12-5: The Manicheis 1546 Heywood D 48.239-40: And sure 1 shall held her skoles be nyth, and thedir cam both

S378

523

Set all at sixe and seven, 1555 E 174.160. Apperson 575; Oxford 594; Taylor and Whiting 336; Tilley A208; Whiting Scots II 123, 126.

Sleeve

but it is no lie. Apperson 577; Oxford 595; Tilley S520.

5371 Slander is no vassalage (noble act) 5360 Where one bids (offers) Skill, one ought to al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 291.10605-6: Record off ffolkys that be sage, "Sekundere ys no take skill al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 184[ 19-20]: Ther vassekge." men bedis skille, skille men ouh to take. Tho 5372 A Slander that is raised is evil to fell that wille not that tille, skille salle tham forsake. el350 Good Wife E 158.22: A sclandre that is See W275. reised is evil to stille. Apperson 577. 5361 It is good to sleep in a whole Skin 5373 He that Slays shall be skin (varied) cl475 Henryson Fables 38.1029-30: Me think it al393 Gower CA II 292.2461-3: Thus was he better To sleip in haill nor in ane hurt skyn. skin that whilom slowh. And he which riche 1546 Heywood D 73.112: It is good slepyng in a was ynowh This dai, tomorwe he hadde noght. whole skyn. Apperson 682-3; Jente 681; Oirford cl412 Hoccleve Regement 112.3115: Who-so 596; Tilley S530; Whiting Scots II 126. that sleth, schal have the same chaunce. al500 Eger H 305.2004: Sir, he that skyes, he will be 5362 To be but Skin and bone cl450 How mankinde dooth in Fumivall Hymns skin. al500 Northern Passion 57 H 568: Ffor he 73.492: Me is lefte But skyn and boon. NED that skse he sail be siane. Tilley S525; Whiting Scote II 126. See S405, 978. Skin 5b; Oxford 595. 5374 Who that Slays (when) angry ought to be 5363 To be (fly) out of one's Skin cl300 South English Legendary [Laud) 18.588: hanged when patient So sore Werth the giu a-drad: that he werth 1509 Barclay Ship I 185[13-4]: For who that neigh out of is felle. al425 Chester Plays I one sleyth, angry and fervent Ought to be 165.135-6: He wold goe wood, by шу faye. hangyd whan he is pacyent. Cf. Tilley M175. And fly out of his skin. Taylor and Whiting See M103, S694. 337; Tilley S507: leap. 5375 Morning Sleep is golden al449 Lydgate Dietary in MP II 702.23-4: The 5364 To turn in one's Skin cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 106.302-3: This morwe sleep, callid gyldene in sentence, Gretly troubly lyfe hathe all to longe enduryd. Not helpith ayeen the mystis bkke, 705.91: The golden sleep braidyng upon pryme. с1450 Idley have I wyst how in my skynne to turne. 173.911-2: And telleth hym that is the golden 5365 When one looks on the outer Skin he siepe: "And if thow arise now, it might do the knows little what is within harme." 1509 Barclay Ship II 40[25-6]: For whan thou lokest upon the utter skyn Thou knowyst ful 5376 Sleep is most like to death (varied) a900 Salomon and Saturn in ASMP 42.313: Slaep lytell what trust is within. See A155. biS deaöe gelicost. 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 5366 Not worth three Skips of a pie (magpie) 89[16-7]: Ther is nothyng so like the deth as 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I 185.100: Not is the siepe. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 48[18]: Siepe worth thre skyppes of a pye. Tilley S512. is a counterfette dethe. 1522 More Treatyce 80 F[10-2]: Among al wise men of old, it is 5367 To sit on one's Skirts agreed that siepe is the very ymage of death. 1546 Heywood D 27.32-3: And syt on theyr Oxford 596; Smith 271; Tilley S526. skurtes That erst sate on mine. Apperson 575; Oxford 593; Tilley S513. 5377 Sleep is the nourice (nurse) of digestion cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 347: The notice of 8368 As bright as the Sky digestioun, the sleep. al449 Lydgate and Burgh 1447 Bokenham 259.9543: And wyth myraclys Secrees 40.1261: Sleep is noryce of digestioim, bryhter than the skye. Svartengren 227. 60.1892. 5369 To pass like a Sky (cloud) 5378 A broken Sleeve holds the arm back al393 Gower CA II 340.1436-7: Sehe passeth, (varied) as it were a Sky, Al dene out of this ladi sihte. cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective 5370 It may be a Slander but it is no lie 309[15]: For my slefe y-broke . . . Pro manica 1546 Heywood D 86.208: It maie be a sekunder. fracta manus est mea sepe retracta. al500 Hill

Sleeve

524

S379

132.51: For my brokyn sieve, men me refuce. 5387 Not avail a Sloe Pro manica fracta, manus est mea sepe retracta. cl475 Guy^ 81 С 1414: That all his armes 1549 Heywood D 33.24: A broken sleeve holdth availled him not a sloo, 171 С 2936, 211 С 3638. tharme backe. Apperson 69; Oxford 66; Tilley 5388 Not give a Sloe S531. cl300 Amis 17.395: Sir, ther-of yive у nought 5379 To be dear of (expensive at) a riven (torn) a slo. cl300 Havelok 68.2051. cl330 St. Katherine 257.620. al500 Orfeo 30 H 328. Sleeve 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 1.24: Or cal on Sibil, 5389 Not (the) worth (of) a Sloe deir of a revyn sleif. See H453. cl250 Prayer of Penitence in Brown Lyrics XIII

5380 To hang on one's Sleeve 1546 Heywood D 70.29-30 (var.)·. Flattryng knaves and queans a sort, beyond the mark. Hang on his sieve. NED Sleeve 2c; Tilley S533.

56.18: This worldis blis nis wrd a slo, 58.28, 59.15. al300 Arthour and M.> 210.7498: Thou nart no god worth a slo. al300 XI Pains 154.274. cl300 Guy^ 10.141: That bireft him worth of a slo, 80 A 1414, 170 A 2936, 210 A 3638, 289 A 5076. al375 Octavian (S) 31.975. cl380 Ferumbras 135.4338. cl410 Lovelich Merlin 1 75.2786: And no man to harmen the worth of a slo. al450 South English Legendary {Bodley) 415.26: Namore than we dredeth the the worth of a slo. Apperson 458.

5381 To have on (in) one's Sleeve cl440 Charles of Orleans 133.3983-4: Madame y wold bi god alone How that myn hert were in yowre sieve, 146.4344-5: Which is the craft to make a keverkope To holde a two or thre so on his sieve. cl522 Skelton Speke II 21.423: He careyth a kyng in hys sieve, yf all the worlde fayle. Tilley S534. 5390 Sloth and delay oft cause much scathe (harm) 5382 To laugh in one's Sleeve 1546 Heywood D 75.168: To that I saide nought al500 Bemardus De Cura 3.47-8: For it is sene but laught in my sleeve. Oxford 352; Taylor and saide in sampylle batht, Slewthe and delay and Whiting 338-9; Tilley S535; Whiting Drama oft causis mekyll skatht. See D157. 352:670, 364:856. 5391 Sloth breeds a scab 1546 Heywood D 23.39: Sens we see slouth 5383 To stuff one's Sleeve with flocks {tufts of must breede a scab. Apperson 579; Oxford 597; wool) {i.e., deceive) 1481 Caxton Reynard 56[27]: How can he stuffe Tilley S541. the sieve wyth flockes. 5392 Sloth is the mother of vice (varied) 5384 Sleeveless words {varied) al393 Gower CA II 392.3380-2: For Slowthe, cl385 Usk 76.77: Not by slevelesse wordes of which as Moder is The forthdrawere and the the people. cl450/ocofo'i Well 181.15-6: Summe Norrice To man of many a dredful vice. al430 in schryfte schal tarye the preest wyth sleveles Lydgate Pilgrimage 280.10189-90: Tavoyde talys. al500 Burlesques in Rei. Ant. 1 83[43-4]: slouthe, cheff noryce And moder un-to every У schall telle yow a sleveles reson. 1533 More vyce, al449 Fabules in MP II 571.138: So of Confutación 790 H[15]: A very slevelesse aun- myschyef slouth ys chief maistresse, Vertu in swere. 1546 Heywood D 30.54: A sleeveles MP II 838.83-4: Slouthe of vices is cheef porerrande. Apperson 578; NED Sleeveless 2; Ox- teresse, And a step-moodir to wysdam and ford 597; Tilley E180. science. 1478 Paston V 314[6-7]: For slouth ys the moder and norysher of all vices. 1506 Hawes 5385 As black as (any) Sloe Pastime 48.1147: Fy upon slouth the nouryssher cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3246: And tho were of vyce. 1509 Barclay Ship II 185[6-7]: That bent and blake as any sloo. al400 PChaucer damnable slouth is so corrupt a vyce That of his Rom. A 928: And blak as . . . ony slo. al400 foule rote all yllys doth aryse. See 16, 014. Torrent 17.458: Ys fytte blac ase slon. al475 Greene Carols 136 A 5: Ivy hath berys as blake as any slo, В 2. cl475 Guy^ 31 С 506: Guy they 5393 When the Slow (sluggard) is full then the fonde as blak as sloo. Apperson 51; Tilley S539; chare (work) is done cl450 Douce MS.52 52.95: When the slowe is Whiting Ballad 31. full, then the chare is done. Cum piger impletur, operis tunc finis habetur. cl450 Rylands MS.394 5386 Not a Sloe cl300 Havelok 31.849: Of me, ne is me nouht 103.28: Whan the slow is full, then ben his charres done. Walther 1 517.4316. a slo.

S413

525

Smoke

5394 Often a Sluggard delays, etc. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 120[8]: Smelle fyestes, 757-786 Proverb from Winfrid's Time in ASMP lycke dysshes and franchars come uncalled. 57: Oft dóedlata dome foreldit, Sigistha gahuem, 5403 Better the last Smile than the first laughter suuyltit thi ana. Notes (177): "Often a sluggard 1549 Heywood D 95.148: Better is the last delays in his (pursuit of) glory, in each of vicsmyle, than the fyrst laughter. Apperson 43; torious undertakings; therefore he dies alone." Oxford 42; Tilley S560. 5395 Always the nigh Sly makes the far lief 5404 One may Smile and hold him (keep) still (to be) loath (varied) and think guile cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3391-3: Ful sooth is al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 185[13-4]: Philip this proverbe, it is no lye, Men seyn right thus, held him stille, and bigan to smyle. Men sais "Alwey the nye slye Maketh the ferre leeve to that comes of ille, and thinkyng som gilè. Cf. be looth." al393 Gower CA II 277.1899-902: Shakespeare Hamlet 1 ν 108. See W535. An old sawe is, "Who that is slyh In place where he mai be nyh. He makth the ferre Lieve loth": 5405 He that Smites shall be smitten 1483 Quatuor Sermones 10[24]: For he that Of love and thus fulofte it goth. Apperson 438, smyteth shal be smyten. See S373, 978. 476; Skeat 226. 5396 He does Small (little) that boasts over 5406 Smite not too soon cl390 Chaucer CT 1X[H] 285: Smyt nat to greatly cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 59.1620-1: soone, er that ye witen why. See J77. Avaunte not for colde nor for hete. For smale 5407 A hagher (skillful) Smith oft smiths a dooth that speketh over grete. See B417, P409, weak knife 414. al200 Ancrene 31.2: Ofte a ful haher smith smeotheth a ful wac cnif. Apperson 581:1; 5397 Many Small make a great (varied) cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 84.2366: For many Oxford 599. smale maketh a grete. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 5408 To beat as the Smith does with the hammer 362: For the proverbe seith that "manye smale cl300 Havelok 62.1876-7: And beten on him maken a greet." 1465 Paston IV 135[27]: Many so doth the smith With the hamer on the stith. smale growe to a gret summe. al500 Thre Prestís 14.187-8: Quhill at the last of mony 5409 To lay on as the Smith does on the iron smallis couth так This bony pedder a gud fut al300 AHhour and M.i 211.7519-20: Everich рак. 1546 Heywood Ό 47.194: Many small make on other leyd with. So on the yren doth the a great, 1555 E 188.234. Oxford 406; Tilley smith. S554. 5410 To try as the Smith does iron in the fire cl475 Mankind 11.280-1: Lyke as the smyth 5398 As bright as Smaragd (emerald) trieth em in the feer. So was he (Job) triede by al500 Court of Love 430.788-9: And eke her yen ben bright and orient As is the smaragde. Godis vysytacyon. See F180, G298, M522, S327. 5411 As unprofitable as Smoke for a man's eyes 5399 After stormy Smarts warm words bring 1509 Barclay Ship II 185[22-3]: A slouthfull lovers warm hearts creature is as unprofytable As smoke or dust, is 1534 Heywood Love B4^[34-5]; Swete harte, for a mannys iyen. quoth I, after stormy colde smertes Warm wordes in warm lovers bryng lovers warm hartes. 5412 The Smoke steres (flavors) the roast See V9, W697. al500 Hill 131.26: I say with-owt boste that the smoke stereth the roste. Dico sine pompa, 5400 Think not on Smart and you shall feel quod fumes violât ossa. none cl385 Chaucer TC iv 466: Thynk nat on smert, 5413 To raise a Smoke and thow shalt fele non. cl425 Hoccleve Jonathas 217.57-9: Sholde y a neewe smoke now up reyse. And y so mochil 5401 To Smell one out rered have or now By your sawe than were y 1546 Heywood D 49.259: I smelde hir out, and nat to preise. cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile had hir streight in the wynde, 1555 E 197.296. 67.1837-8: And first with shot (arrows) provoke Tilley S558. The adverse part, and on hem reyse a smoke. cl499 Skelton Bowge I 48.479: But I am lothe 5402 Smell-feasts come uncalled

Smoke

526

S414

to reyse a smoke, a1500 How the Wyse Man 5417 As wrinkled as a Snail (etc.) (A number of 32.119-20: For wemen in wrath they can noght single quotations are brought together here) hyde, But soone they can reyse a smoke (var. al420 Lydgate Troy I 239.3313: Wrinkled double, like an homyd snail. al450 York Plays smokei rofe). See R76. 353.117-8: Nowe certis that schall I doo. Full suerly as a snayle. 1501 Douglas Palice 28.12: 5414 To vanish like Smoke (varied) 897 Alfred Boethius 63.26-7: Hi losiaö swa swa And in the deid als schaiφ as ony snaillis. . . . smec, 117.17-8: Se yfla willa biS tostenced 1533 Heywood Johan Bl"'[41]: Go and hye the swajDaer ree beforan fyre. a900 Old English as fast as a snayle. Martyrology 22.11-2: {эоппе glad jiaet deofol ut 5418 Not worth a Snail . . . swa swa smyc, 180.7-8. c900 Paris Psalter cl400 Laud Troy I 202.6856-7: We are not 86 (36.19): Веоб gedwaescte, swa бег smec, 21 worth a scnayle A-yeyn that man. (67.2): Rece hi gelicast ricene geteoriaÖ, 72 (101.3): ForÔon dages mine gedroren syndan 5419 To be afraid of a Snail (varied) Smece gelice. clOOO Aelfric Lives II 268.770: Se 1340 Ayenbite 32[8-10]: Tho anlikneth than thet deofol J)aBr-rihte for-dwan swa swa smic. cIOOO ne dar naght guo ine the pethe vor thane Das angelsächsische Prosa-lehen des hl. Guthlac, snegge thet sseaweth him his homes. cl400 ed. Paul Gonser, Anglistische Forschungen 27 Vices and Virtues 27.28-30: Thei beth like to (Heidelberg, 1909) 126.79-81: Se awyrigeda gast hym that dar nought gon in the weye for the efne swa smic (var. ree) beforan his ansyne aid- snayl that scheweth his homes. cl450 Jacob's lode, 135.279-80, 137.20. clOOO Regius Psalter Well 107.2-3: Thou faryst as he that dar noght 65 (36.20): Swa swa smic he geteoraö, 118 (67.3). entryn the cherch-yerd for the snayl that puttyth cllOO Salisbury Psalter 125 (36.20): Swa smic his horn oute ayens hym. 1484 Caxton Royal aterat, 163 (67.3). cl350 Prose Psalter 43 (36.21): Book D5''[7-8]: They resemble hym that dare Hii shul fail failand as smoke, 77 (67.2): De- not entre in to the path or waye for fere of failen hii, as smoke faileth, 121 (101.4). cI395 the snaylle that sheweth his homes. Cf. Thersites WBible Psalms Ixvii 3: As smoke falith, faile thei. (cl537) in F. J. Child Four Old Plays (Camal400 Meditations 58.2203: We vanyschon a(s) bridge, Mass., 1848) 67-70. smoke a-way. aI400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. 43.569-70. al400 Wyclif Sernwns 5420 To drive a Snail II 365[8-9]. cl400 Primer 41[5]: My daies han 01522 Skelton Colyn I 311.1-4: What can it failid as smoke. 1414 PBrampton Psalms 29[23-4]. avayle To dryve forth a snayle, Or to make a al425 St. Anthony 121.30-1, 122.15: Alle hys sayle Of an herynges tayle. cl525 PHeywood enemys fle thai away as smoke. cI450 Lambeth Gentylnes 123.992-3: In effect it shall no more Prose Legends 343.25-6. 1479 Rivers Cordyal avayle Than with a whyp to dryfe a snayle. 35.16-7: Our yeres fayle and waste as the smoke, Cf. Oxford 158: Drive a snail; Tilley S582. 67.6.1484 CaxtonRoyalBook G2'"[3-4]: Departed and faylled as . . . smoke, G7'[9-10], 1487 Book 5421 To hie like a Snail 1546 Heywood D 34.36: And thytherward hye of Good Manners A8''[31-2]. 1496 Myracles of our Lady (London, de Wörde, 1514) €5··[30-Ι]: me in haste lyke a snayle. Oxford 281; Tilley S583. Vanysshed awaye as a smoke dooth. alSOO Craft of Dying in Yorkshire Writers II 420[24]: Faile 5422 To reel over and over like a Snail thei as the smoke fayleth. al500 Imitation (1) с1400 Laud Troy 1 199.6742-3: He smot Paris, 80.30-1: faile. 1502 Imitattone (2) 156.21, 157. that he doun reled Over and over, as were a 11-2, 208.14-6. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 146.1: snayl. wasted. Whiting Drama 326:294. See F699, R77. 5423 To shrink like a Snail al475 Ludus Coventriae 198.148: Ffor If I went 5415 As slow as a Snail thus A-way and shrynkyd as a snayle. cl440 Prose Alexander 74.35-75.1: Bot in his 5424 To sny (move, run) a Snail's pace gangyng he was als slaw als a snyle. Taylor al400 Alexander С 226.4095: Than snyghes Comparisons 74; Tilley S579; Whiting Scots thar, out of that snyth hill as with a snayles II 126. pas. 1555 Heywood E 187.226.2: Runnyng but a snayle pace. Oxford 600; Taylor and Whiting 5416 As swiftly as a Snail al500 Ragman Roll 71.49: To chirche as swyftly 340-1; Tilley S583. as a snayl ye hey. Cf. Whiting Scote II 126.

5425

To start up like a Snail

S435

527

al450 Tottenham 996.177: He styrt up as a snayle.

Snow 1509 Barclay Ship I 202[27-8]: Be ware, whan ye other se taken in the snare Let anothers peryll cause you to be ware. See C161, W47.

5426 One Snare may take two birds 1532 Berners Golden Boke 169.1696-7: The 5429 Maugre one's Snout proverbe sayth: One snare maye take two al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 417.11935: And byrdes. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 29:21. reve hym his regne, maugre his snoute. 5427 To fall (be taken) in one's own Snare (grin [snare], net, panter [net], gim [snare], trap) (varied) c900 Paris Psalter 16 (9.14): Heora fet synt gefangene mid Jjy ilcan gryne, J^e hi me gehyd and gehealden haefdon. с1000 Regius Psalter 13 (9.16): On gryne Jjissum [je hy digledon gegripen is fot heora. cllOO Salisbury Psalter 85 (9.16). cl340 Rolle Psalter 123 (34.9): And in snare fall he in it, that is, in that ilk that he hid til me. cl350 Prose Psalter 9 (9.16): In the gnares that the folk hid, is her fote taken. cI390 Psalterium b. Mariae 71.501-2: Thei maden panters for othur men And füllen in to the same. al393 Gower CA III 21.2707-8: Thus he, whom gold hath overset. Was trapped in his oghne net. cl395 WBible Psalms ix 16: In this snare, which thei hidden, the foot of hem is kaught. al400 Northern Уerse Psalter I 23 (9.16): In this snare whilke thai hid swa Gripen es the fote of tha. al400 Scottish Legends I 391.619-20: And (sa) the traytoure, I of tel, In-to the gyme he mad, syne fel. cl400 Beryn 116.3893-4: Tyl he had us caught, even by the shyn, With his sotill wittis, in our owne gren. 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) 238.1007-9: Than nachore understode wele thare That he was takin in his awin snare. And fallen he was in his owin pit. cl440 Scrope Epistle to Othea 86[24-7]: Hermes seith . . . "strech no snaris for to take men wythall . . . for at the last it will tume opon thiself." cl450 Epistle of Othea 115.14: Ffor by that was sehe take in hyr own snare. al471 English Chronicle 78[24-5]: But at seynt Albonys he fylle in to the same snare that he had ordeyned for theyme. 1481 Caxton Reynard 86[9-10]; The horse brought hym self in thraldom and was taken in his owne nette, 1483 Golden Legende 396''[1.5-6]: He was taken in hys owne snare. 1509 Barclay Ship II 40[7]: And some in theyr owne snarys ar taken fast. 1533 More Answer 1106 D (by error C) [11-2]: 1 am taken in mine own trap, 1108 A[8-9], 1109 D[13-4], E[6-7], F[l-2], G[4-5], 1115 Α[6], Confutación 568 D[10-l]: So caughte in a nette of hys owne makynge. Taylor and Whiting 381. See G169, P232.

5430 As blaght (bleached, white) as any Snow al400 Alexander С 84.1559-60: As blaght ere thaire wedis As any snyppand snawe that in the snape lightis, 252.4925: And as blaght was his berd as any bright snaw. 5431 As bright as Snow 970 Blickling Homilies 147[16-7]: And heo hœfde seofon sijjum beorhtran saule {jonne snaw. cI300 Beves 24.521-2: So faire she was and bright of mod. Ase snow upon the rede blod. 1414 PBrampton Psalms 24[l-2]: As snow, that fallyth in fyldes grene. Is . . . bryght. S431a Snow-bright al500 Childhood of Christ in Horstmann Altenglische Legenden 1875 5.93: The sonne wax hot and snoughh brighht. 5432 As cold as (any) Snow cl300 South English Legendary I 98.382: And caldore was thanne eny is other snou. cl330 Owayne Miles in Horstmann Altenglische Legenden 1875 165.378: And caldore was then eny . . . snough. cl390 Gregorius 140.1072: With herte cold as eny (C: the) snowe. al500 Ghostly Battle in Yorkshire Writers II 432[20-l]: any. Svartengren 315. 5433 As fordone (destroyed) as Snow in fire cl385 Chaucer TC i 525: And thow fordon, as snow in fire is soone. 5434 As shire (bright) as Snow al400 Cursor II 996 FT 17371: That clothid was as snow shir.

5435 As thick as (the, any) Snow al200 Lawman III 94.27458-9: Flan al swa thicke Swa the snau adun valleth. al300 Richard 244.2969-70 (var.)·. He gaderede his folk togedere. As thykke as snowe falleth in wynter. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 470.13550-1: So thykke atones gon they fleye—Also thikke as snow (that) snew. al352 Minot 16.49: It semid with thaire schoting als it war snaw. cl380 Cleanness 11.222: the. cl400 Alexander Buik I 52.1648-9. cl500 Lady Bessy 40[26-7]. cl500 Melusine 230.31-2: Thenne bygan the shotte to be grete and thikk as snowe in the ayer. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 46.34-5: The dartis 5428 When you see others taken in the Snare thik and fleand takyllys glydis. As doith the beware

Snow

528

schour of snaw. 1523 Berners Froissart I 298 [12-3], 1525 VI 221[16-7], al533 Huon 339.26-7: They . . . shot arrowes so thycke that it semed lyke snow, 389.13-5, 474.27-8, 664.19-21, 714.11-2. Svartengren 398; Whiting Scots II 127. 5436 As white as any driven Snow cl300 Guyi 416 A 45.10-1: With white-hore heved and berd y-blowe. As white as ani driven snowe. cl425 Myrour of lewed men 418.382: Ay is blaunched als whit as any dryven snawe. Taylor and Whiting 342; Tilley S591; Whiting Ballad 31. 5437 As white as (any, the) Snow a900 Old English Martyrology 16.24-5: Paules sawle swa hwite swa snaw, 96.10-1, 120.27, 196.21-2. c900 Paris Psalter 127 (50.8). c970 Bückling Homilies 147[26-7]: Seo eadige Marie haefde swa hwite saule swa snaw. alOOO Two Apocrypha H 38-40. clOOO Aelfric Heptateuch Numbers xii 10, Homilies I 222[31], Lives II 218.460-1: Heora lichaman waeron hwittran }5onne snaw. cIOOO Regfus Psalter 93 (50.9): Ofer snaw ic beo ablicen. clOOO WSG Matthew xvii 2: And hys reaf waeron swa hwite swa snaw, xxviii 3, Mark ix 3. cllOO Salisbury Psalter 147 (50.9). cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 83.4: Hwittere thane ani snaw. cl280 Southern Passion 66.1798. alSOO Richard 106.555, 245.2995-6: the, 255.3212 (var): Hys teeth whyte as snawe. clSOO Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 143[4]. сХЗОО South English Legendary 1285.189; eny, 287.253: eni, 301.293: eni, 318.82, II 592.64. al325 Cursor II 986 l l O " - ! " , 1060. 18498. cl330 Horn Childe 191.1048. 1340 Ayenbite 267[31]: the. cl350 Apocalypse 7.14. cl350 Prose Psalter 61 (50.8). cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 16.537. al387 Higden-Trevisa I 225[14-5]: eny, 261[6-7]: any. cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vernon) 301.111: eny. cl390 Psalm LI in Vernon I 13.58: the. cl395 WBible Numbers xii 10: Marie apperide whijt with lepre as snow, Psalms kvii 15, Isaiah i 18, Lamentations iv 7, Daniel vii 9, Matthew xvii 2, Mark ix 2, Apocalypse i 14. al400 Bonaventura Privity in Yorkshire Writers I 213[34-5]: any, 218[22-3]: the. al400 PChaucer Rom. A 557-8: Hir throte, also whit of hewe As snowe on braunche snowed newe, 1214: But whit as snow yfallen newe. al400 Chestre Launfal 60.241: Har faces wer whyt as snow on downe, 61.292-3: Sehe was as whyt as . . . snow that sneweth yn wynterys day. al400 Cleansing 11.12 (f.7'), 61.9, 16 (f.39''): the. al400 Destruction of Troy 99.3027-8: Hir forhed . . . Quitter to qweme

S436 then the white snaw. al400 Ipomadon A 90. 3095: any, 3103. al400 Meditations 23.841. al400 Northern Verse Psalter 163 (50.9). al400 Scottish Legends I 191.37, 419.590, II 149.886, 248.883: ony, 355.331: ony, 371.108. al400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. 38.442: the. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 132[24], 267[14], II 58[3-4]: the. cl400 Beryn 108.3613: eny. cl400 Brut I 243.3, 9. cl400 Mandeville Travels 139.28. cl400 Pepysian Gospel 57.21-2: the, 102.10-1. cl400 Toulouse 228.199. cl400 Túndale 100.1748. cl408 Lydgate Reson 142. 5423: any. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 318.337, 365.460-1: ony, 371.131-2: ony, Merlin II 412. 15399-Í00: There nas ne vere snow, that snew on grownde, Whittere thanne hire flesch. 1414 PBrampton Psalms 24[l-2]. al415 Mirk Festial 132.2-3, 260.10. al420 Lydgate Troy III 683. 4075-7: That verrayly ther was no . . . snowe that flaketh fro Jubiteris tour Of whitnes fressher on to sene, al422 Life 436.105-6: And his clothyng like the lely floure Was whit in sothe, as snowe that fallith newe. al425 St. Anthony 126.43, 128.36. al425 St. RobeH 74.1068: any. cl425 St. Mary Oignies 156.16. 1430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 19.696, 519.19475, 579.21725: any, cl433 St. Edmund 430.961-2. 1435 Misyn Fire 75.18-9. al437 Kingis Quair 64.67[3]: ony. al439 Lydgate Fall III 732.2142, 1439 St. Alban 136.536, 182.1188. cl440 Prose Alexander 104. 27-8: any. 1447 Bokenham 64.2326-7, 120. 4393-4, 126.4620-2. al449 Lydgate St. Gyle in MP I 164.91. al450 Legends of Mary in Anglia 3(1880) 323.29. al450 Lord that is 214.135. al450 York Plays 188.97, 377.89. cl450 De Claris Mulieribus 47.951. cl450 Edward the Confessor Prose I 10Ц36]. cl450 Epistle of Othea 78.21. cl450 Merlin II 227[17], 575[8], 615[15-6]. 1456 Hay Knychthede 7.4: the. Law 284.5-6. al460 Towneley Plays 295.81. al470 Malory I 308.26: ony, II 877.24-5: ony, 990.18, 30-1: ony. al470 Parker IHves L5q2.8-9]. al475 Asneth 233.172: the, 248.527: the, 250.567: the, 256.734: the. al475 Guy^ 16.539-41: any. al475 Landavall 109.105-6: She was white as . . . snowe that fallith yn wynterday. al475 St. Birgitta 68.12. cl475 Henryson Orpheus 132.100: the. 1481 Caxton Mirror 84-5. 1483 Catholicon Anglicum 416[2.21]. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 88^2.41-2]: the, 9512.21], 117''[2.37-8]: ony, 231'·[2.29], 311''[2.29-30], 407''[2.20]. 1483 Quatuor Sermones 44[16], [17-8]: ony. 1485 Caxton Charles 191.23-4. cl485 Monk of Evesham 33[25]: the, 25[22]: the, 43[32]: the. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 290.17. al490 Ripley Mistery in Ashmole 384[18]. 1490 Iriande Meroure 81.27-8:

S446

529

Snow

the. 1496 Alcock Möns В6113-4]. al500 Court it holdith heete withinne the erthe. Taylor and of Love 430.799-800. alSOO Gregorim 155 R Whiting 342. 579. al500 Lambeth Prose Legends 323.29. 5440 Snow is white and lies in the dike, etc. al500 Lamwell 523.71: Their faces as white 1546 Heywood D 68.65-8: Snow is white And as snowe or (?on) downe. alSOO Miroure of Mans lyeth in the dike And every man lets it lye. Salvacionne 60[31]·. the, 112[21]; the. alSOO Pepper is blacke and hath a good smacke And Partenay 100.2801-2: Unto hir navell shewing every man doth it bye. Mylke . . . is white ther full white, like As is the snow A faire And lieth not in the dike But all men know it branche uppon. 1501 Douglas Police 52.20: ony. good meate. Inke is all blacke And hath an ill cl505 Watson Valentine 271.6. 1509 Fisher smacke No man will it drinke or eate. Apperson Treatyse 111.17, 20. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 584; Oxford 601; Tilley S593. See 144, P139. 137.63, 158.19, III 211.87, IV 81.83-4: The quhilk stedis . . . Excedit far the snaw in 5441 Snow makes a dunghill white cullour quhite. al533 Berners Huon 184.30, al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 392.14541-2: As 239.33-4, 326.10-1, 332.2. 1533 Heywood Snowh (who that loke wel) Maketh whyht a fiFoul Weather A2''[3]. Apperson 681; Taylor Com- dongel. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 121[6]: The snow parisons 87-8; Taylor and Whiting 342; Tilley embelisheth and whiteth a dong hep with oute. S591; Whiting Drama 326:297, Scots II 126-7. 5442 To be like Snow clOOO Old English Nicodemus 484.9-10: His S437a Snow-white a900 Old English Martyrology 200.12-3: Snaw- reaf waeron svi^lce snaw. al300 Richard 364-5. hwit culfre. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 400[29]: 5627-9: As snowgh lygges on the mountaynes Mid snaw-hwitum hreoflan beslagen, II 134[27]: Behelyd were hylles and playnes With hawberkes On snaw-hwitum horse. Lives I 48.405: Snaw- bryghte. cl390 Robert 12.251 (var.): Ther was hwitne hlaf, 394.164, II 362.114-5. al200 never in yerthe snowe hyt lyke. с 1395 WBible Ancrene 162.3-4: Snaw hwite schrudes. al200 Matthew xxviii 3: And hise clothis as snowe. Lawman II 608.24521. al200 Trinity College cl445 Lydgate Miracles of St. Edmund 442.189: Homilies 115[6]. cl200 St. Katherine (Royal) Ek whan a dowe with snowych ffetherys whight. 120.2443. al225 St. Marherete 42.14. al290 Seve dawes aren in Archiv 52(1874) 37[1]. cl300 5443 To be no more like than Snow and a crow Robert of Gloucester II 855.249. cl330 Orfeo al400 Meditations 21.757-8: He sholde ne 14.145. с 1350 Proprium Sanctorum 93.148. lyknesse han I-knowe More than of snow and cl380 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 254, cl385 TC iii of a crowe. 1250 (ШГ.). al387 Higden-Trevisa I 239[18]. cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 133. al393 Cower CA 5444 To fly away like any Snow II 248.807. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 388. cl410 al450 Castle 156.2642: It flyet a-wey, as any Lovelich Graü IV 242.51. cl445 ?Lydgate snow. Kalendare in MP 1 368.136. 1447 Bokenham 104.3812. cl450 When the son 393.365: Snowys- 5445 To melt with (like) (the) Snow she white, 395.448. cl500 О lady myne in Anglia cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 167.5052: Hys 72(1954) 410.76. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 148.53, thryfte wyl melte away with snogh. cl385 179.106, III 43.91, 107.144, 166.112, IV 9.90, Chaucer TC iv 367: Can as the snow ayeyn the 150.13. 1546 Heywood D 68.76: A milke snow sonne melte. al400 Chestre Launfal 73.740: white . . . skyn. Taylor and Whiting 342; Hyt malt as snow ayens the sunne. cl500 Lover's Farewell in Bobbins 209.16: My hert Whiting Scots II 127. will melte as snowe in reyne. 1509 Watson Ship K6''[ll]: They melte lyke snowe. Taylor 5438 Farewell all the Snow of fem (former) and Whiting 342-3; Whiting Scots II 127. years! cl385 Chaucer TC ν 1176: Ye, fare wel al the 8446 To shine like (the) Snow snow of feme yere! Skeat 203; Stevenson c950 Kentish Psalm in ASMP 91.75: And eac ofer snawe self scinende. clOOO Aelfric Homilies 1857.2. II 242[7]: His gewseda scinon on snawes hwitnysse, 322[11]: Hi beo8 scinende on snawesh 5439 A good Snow is worth a dunging al450 Song of the Three Children in Wyclif witnysse. cl390 Castel of Love 373.721-2: WithSEW III 65[29-30]: Snow helpith to tempre the inne, the Castel is whit schinynge So the snowgh erthe; for a good snow is worth a dungyng, for that is sneuwynge. cl390 Sir Gawain 30.955-6:

Snow

530

S447

Hir brest . . . Schon schyrer then snawe that 5460 As wise as Solomon schedes on hilles. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 142.4207: Who was wyser than Salamon? 256.8093: Thogh he were S447 To vanish like Snow wyser than Salamon. 1340 Ayenbite 204[13-5]. 1509 Barclay Ship I 282[21]: Theyr hope cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] 955. cI390 Of Clene vanyssheth as doth the snowe. Maydenhod 465.22. al400 Pricke 241.8955-6: And that ilk ane moght als mykelle wisdom 8448 To wanze {waste) away like Snow cl400 Alle owr mischevis in PMLÁ 54(1939) weld. Als Salamon had, that men swa wise held. cl400 Vices and Virtues 226.2. cl410 Mirror 385.16; We wansin as the snowh away. of Sinners in Yorkshire Writers II 437[ll-2]. 5449 As white as Snow Down cl415 Middle English Sermons 68.4-5. al425 alSOO Lambewell 147.73: They had faces as Chester Plays II 382.276. al425 Governance of white as snowdowne. Lordschipes 41.17: The wit of Salamon. al449 Lydgate Thoroughfare in MP II 824.60. al450 5450 As white as the Snow-drift Song of Mortality in Brown Lyrics XIV 96.13: al325 Cursor II 570.9932: That quitter es than War thou als wyse praysed in pryce als was snau drif (G: snau on drift). Salomon. cl450 Idley 172.834. 1456 Hay Law 5451 He shall have many Snubs that runs to 65.8: Salamon the wys. 1479 Rivers Cordyal town to bum tuns and tubs 9.25-6: Where is the wyse Salomon? 1481 Caxal349 Papelard Priest 44.69-70: He chai han ton Reynard 78[18]: They were wyser than mony snybbus That hay shall renne in to the salamon Avycene or aristotiles, 1484 Royal toun to bome tonnes and tibbus. Book НЗ-'Р], 1489 Doctrinal W[U], К3115]. al500 Kennedy 26.16. alSOO Miroure of Mans 5452 Two Snuffs are worth a candle Salvacionne 145[22]. al500 Salamon sat and 1509 Watson Ship US'· [22-3]: Saying that two sayde 291.24: War a man als wytty als evyr snuffes is worthe a candell. {Of people who was salamon. 1509 Barclay Ship I 113[3-6]: leave church for breakfast without hearing mass.) Wyse as Salomon As holy as Poule, as Job als See Aurelius Pompen English Versions of the pacyent As sad as senecke, and as obedyent As Ship of Fools (London, 1925) 122. Abraham, and as martyn vertuous. 1509 Watson Ship BS'ill], Qr[5], Gg2'[9]. cl515 Barclay 5453 To shine like any Soap Eclogues 106.1366: Though I had riches and al513 Dunbar Of ane Blak-Moir 66.9: Scho wit like Salomon. Taylor and Whiting 344; shynes lyk ony saep. Tilley S609; Whiting Scots II 127. 5454 Not worth a pair of old gray Socks al508 Dunbar FlyHng 9.144: Quhilk was nocht 5461 Here Some and there some worth ane pair of auld gray sox. 1546 Heywood D 47.194: Here some and there 5455 Or (before) one can tum a Sock some, 1555 E 189.237. Oxford 293; Tilley S611. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 42.1346: Trymme 5462 Somewhat is better than ribbing at her tayle or a man can tume a socke. 1546 Heywood D 40.176: Alwaie somwhat is 5456 As heavy as a Sod better then nothyng, 1555 E 151.29: Some thyng al460 Towneley Plays 101.21: As hevy as a sod, is better then nothyng. Apperson 587; Jente I grete with myne eene. 118; Oxford 603; Tilley S623. 5457 He that is set on even Soil {ground) need 5463 The Son oft bears the father's guilt not be hurt with any high fall 1456 Five Dogs of London 190.46: Offte beryth al400 Destruction of Troy 69.2078-81: Ffor he the sone the faderis gylte. See F77. that set is full sad on a soile evyn, And pight 5464 The Son should not deem (/wdge) the father has his place on a playn ground, Hym thar not с1300 South English Legendary II 644.1040: Hit hede to be hurt with no hegh falle. Ne be lost is no lawe that the sone the fader ssolde deme. thurgh his lip to the low erthe. See E24, G479. 5465 For his bare {mere) Song no man is long 5458 Better Sold than bought 1546 Heywood D 38.109: Myght bost you to be beloved or honored cl250 Owl 50.569-74: Alured sede, that was wis: better solde then bought. Tilley S221. See B637. (He mighte wel, for soth hit is,) "Nis no man 5459 As black as any Sole for is bare songe Lof ne w(u)rth noght suthe cl350 Libeaus 36 var. 619: That on was blak longe: Vor that is a forworthe man That bute as any sole. See S258. singe noght ne can."

S471

Song

531

5466 One's Song is (To sing) "alas (and wellaway)" cl300 Amis 48.1104: "Alias" may be mi song! 76.1841. cl300 G«t/i 398 A 21.11, 400 A 23.3, 408 A 34.7, 410 A 37.10-2: And ther-fore now singen y may, "Allas the time and wayleway That mi moder me bare," 420 A 49.12: Y sing "alias," 502 A 143.3, 620 A 294.3. al325 Flemish Insurrection 120.111-2: The meste part of the lond bygon forte synge "Alas" ant "weylawol" al325 Owayne Miles (Auchinleck) 104.81: That "Alias!" ever song. cl380 Ferumbras 158.5117: "Alas!" and "welaway!" was ys song. cl390 Chaucer CT 1[A] 3398: synge, VII 118-9 [B1308-9]: For I may synge "alias and weylawey That I was bom." cl390 Keep Well in Brown Lyrics XIV 150.79: Leste thou synge this songe, "alias!". cl390 Robert 46.305. cI395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1274: synge. al400 Lightbem in Horstmann Sammlung 142.329: sing. al400 Romaunt В 4104: synge. al400 Rowlande 86.1019. cI400 Brut 1 73.6-7, 204.31-2, 205.6. cl400 Laud Troy II 448.15228: syng. cI400 Sowdone 17.581: song (vb.), 74.2574. al425 Arthour and M? 281.120: Syngand alias and weylawo. al425 Bird with Four Feathers in Brown Lyrics XIV 210.51. al426 Lydgate Mumming at Hertford in MP II 675.24: He with his rebecke may sing ful oft ellas, al449 Bycorne in MP II 435.59: We may wel sing and seyne alias! al450 Audelay 21.299: syngys, 48.71: Lest thou syng the sung alasse, 191.8: songyn. al450 Body and Soul 238 R 306: synge. al450 Partonope 239.6223-4, 257.6672, 296.7503. al450 Pety Job in Kail 141.642: synge. al450 Seven Sages В 41.1173. al450 York Plays 75.128. cl450 Epistle of Othea 92.17: syng. aI460 Towneley Plays 68.141, 270.406. al475 Landavall 107.49. cl485 Burial and Resurrection 195.720. cl500 Wife Lapped 214.838: sing. Whiting Drama 363:841. 5467 One's Song is (To sing) of woe cl300 Gui/i 20 A 320: Bot ever his song is wo and wi. aI450 Castle 87.328: Of woful wo, man may synge. cl475 Guy^ 20 С 320: Bot evere is songe is woo with disporte. 5468 One's Song is sore sighing al460 Towneley Plays 271.429: Sore syghyng is my sang.

76.1852, 86.2130. cl300 Guy^ 408 A 34.11. сХЗОО St. Alexius 178.202: singe. cl300 South English Legendary II 499.197: singe. al325 Cursor II 878.15367: sing. al325 Flemish Insurrection 116.8: singeth. cl325 Charter of Christ С in Vernon II 651.424. al350 Isumbras 11.138, 51.654 (шг.). cl350 Gamelyn 650.197: singe. cl350 Gregorius 58 С 298: Hire songe was wope and weilaway. cI350 Tower of Heaven in Brown Lyrics XIVввЛ: singge. cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1166. cl390 Castel of Love 405.1708. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 216: songen. al400 Child 317.191. al400 Pricke 67.2434, 198.7363: sing. al400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. 38.462: syng. al400 Tonent 70.2007. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune 24.399°: syng. cl400 Túndale 26.462. al410 Prophecy in Minot 106.81: sing. al420 Lydgate Troy I 256.3911. al422 God that all this world 219[17]. al425 Celestin in Anglia 1(1877-8) 69.65. al425 Chester Plays I 78.350. al425 Nicodemus {Additional) 105.1314: synge. cl425 Brut II 376.19-20: songyn. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 526.19723: synge. 1448 John Piggot's Memoranda in C. L. Kingsford English Historical Literature in the Fifteenth Century (Oxford, 1913) 370[I2]: synge. al450 Partonope 18.635, 249.6497. al450 Seven Sages В 47.1367: synge. al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) 415.60. al450 Greene Carols 356.3. cl450 Weddynge 254.484. al475 Ludus Coventriae 176.245: synge, 225.8: syng, 374.29. al475 Gui/2 155.5424: synge. cl475 Brome Abraham in Waterhouse 45.234. al500 Basterfeld 368.63. alSOO Be thou pacient in Anglia 78(1960) 420.72: syng. alSOO Beves 71 M 1232. al500 Guy^ 23.428: sing. al500 It is my Father's Will in Brown Lyrics XV 4.14. al500 Lucky and Unlucky Days in Bobbins 68.34: syng. al500 Maid hath Borne in Brown Lyrics XV 113.27: synge. al500 Theophilus 8.21[5]: sayn. cl500 Fabyan 260[37]: sange. cl500 Lady Bessy 47[15]: synge. 1528 Skelton Replycacion 1211.78: syng. Whiting Drama 363:842, Scoto II 153. See S350.

5470 One's Song is (To sing) "wellawo" cl250 Owl 38.412: Thu singest a-winter wolawo. al300 Lithir lok Sermon 105[33-4]: Thanne mai(s)tu singin Wei-la-wei wo-la-wo. cl380 Ferumbras 176.5682. cl400/esus Pleads in Brown Lyrics XZV 226.36: synge. al450 Castle 143.2218: syngyn. al450 Ffor thu art comen in Homer G. Pfander Popular Sermon of the Medieval Friar in England (New York, 1937) 49[12].

5469 One's Song is (To sing) "wellaway" cl250 Owl 20.220: And al thi song is wailawai. аХЗОО AUsaunder 61.1049: She wepeth and syngeth "weilaway!" al300 Doomsday in Brown Lyrics XIII 43.16: singen. al300 Meidan Maregrete 489.8: singet. al300 Song of Sorrow in Brovm Lyrics XIII 122.20. cISOO Amis 43.984, 5471

A short Song is good in ale

Song

532

с1440 Charles of Orleans 104.3118: And for folk say short song is good in ale. See P408.

SÁ72 a I 4 I 5 Lanterne 44.21-2: Haate as bittir as the soot. aI447 Lichfield Complaint 514.200. Apperson 50; Svartengren 303.

5472 To make no Song of one's thought с1420 Wyntoun IV 283.1981: Off al his thoucht 5481 As black as (any) Soot he made na sange. aI400 Scottish Legends I 220.440: As ony sut fere mare blake, II 59.428: ony. al415 Mirk 5473 To sing a careful Song (of care) al460 Towneley Plays 232.129: Of care may Festial 238.8: Wyth a berde downe to his fete, thou syng, 244.55. cl500 Greene Carols 152.10: blake as soote. al439 Greenacre's Envoy in A carefull songe now may I syng. Whiting Lydgate Fall III 1023.25. cl450 Epistle of Othea 78.21. al475 Assembly of Gods 19.618. al533 Drama 363:841. Berners Arthur 4Ц12-3]. Apperson 51; Taylor 5474 To sing a new Song and Whiting 345; Tilley S642. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 89.17-8: He hathe 5482 As sour as Soot thaught me to synge a newe songe to daye. al42S Complaynt of Criste in Pol. Rei. and Love 5475 To sing a ruly (sad) Song Poems 210.336: They been to me as sowre as clSOO Reinbrun 659.86.9: Thow singest a reuly soote, 211.332. songe. 5483 As sulped {defiled) as Soot 5476 To sing a sorry Song (varied) al425 St Robert 77.1152-3: My synnes to schew c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy II 346.11752-3: He wolde have or to be seyn Are sulped as sute ys in my syght. taught him for to rede And to synge a son sang. al425 Chester Plays II 322.118: He shall singe 5484 As swart {black) as Soot a sory song, 426.702: A sorrowfull songe, in fayth, аЭОО Old English Martyrology 152.5-6: Waes shall he singe. al425 Complaynt of Criste in seo onsyn sweatre Jjonne hrum. Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 219.434: A song of Sooth, see Truth sorewe weel may I synge. 1436 Libelle 42.825:

Leste a songe of sorow that wee synge. alSOO 5485 All Sooth (truth) is not to be said (varied) Coventry Plays 59.847: Off sorro now schal be c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 12.19: Ne deah eall my songe. al500 Lufarís Complaynt 723.155: To SOJD asaed ne eall sar aetwiten. (N)onne namque syng the samyn sory sang thai sing. alSOO Miller vera dicende sunt. cl385 Usk 32.57: By that al of Abington 116.448: Did often singe a sory sothes be nat to sayne. c l 4 0 0 Satan and his songe. Priests in Wyclif EW 270[24-5]: Sumtyme it harmeth men to seie the sothe out of covenable 5477 To sing an idle Song tyme. 1404 Leme say wele in Kail 21.224: Allc l 3 8 0 Ferumbras 89.2753: Thow syngest an tymes nys not soth to say. cl412 Hoccleve ydel songe. Regement 137.3794: Ffor alle soothes ben nought for to seie. al420 Lydgate Troy III 723.5455: 5478 To sing another Song Trouthes alle be nat for to seyn. c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun al393 Gower CA II 211.3012: Now schalt thou VI 386.1849-50: And in althynge ful suythe to singe an other song. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM say Is noucht speidful, na neidful ay. al450 82 [1-2]: Resoun stinte not but song him of an York Plays 59.106: Bott all the soth is noght to oother song. cl500 Everyman 16.414. 1528 More sayne. 1450 Diets 142.2-3: Alle trouthe is not Heresyes 256 Н[17-8]. 1533 Heywood Pardoner good to say. cl450 Douce MS.52 57.149: Alle Β4"·[7]. Oxford 592; Taylor and Whiting 345; the sothe, is not to be sayde. c l 4 5 0 Rylands Tilley S637; Whiting Drama 363:843, Scots II MS.394 109.19: to seyn. al456 Passe forth 127. clxxiv lOj Sey never al that which wolde the 5479 To sing one (the same) Song sothe seme. al475 As I stod in Halliwell Early 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio A3'[13]: English Miscellanies 63[11]: For soothe may Thou syngeste alwey oon songe. al500 Thre not alle day be sayd. al475 Tree 10.1: Sumtyme Prestís 11.142: Wee al and sundrie sings the it is lefful to hide a trewth. 1481 Caxton Reysamin sang. Apperson 574; Oxford 592; Tilley nard 65[26-7]: For who so sayth alway trouthe S638; Whiting Scots II 127. See C600. he may not now goo nowher thurgh the world. cl497 Medwall Fulgens A4''[12]: Trouth may not 5480 As bitter as (the) Soot be sayde alway. 1509 Barclay Ship II 325[14]: al325 Flemish Insurrection 121.134: Hit falleth At eche season: trouthe ought nat to be sayde. the kyng of fraunce bittrore then the sote.

S496

533

Apperson 650-1; Oxford 9; Taylor and Whiting 383; Tilley T594. Cf. Jente 282. See S500. 5486 It is suith (very) strong (hard) to fight against Sooth al250 Owl 58.667-8: An hit is suthe strong to fighte Ayen soth and ayen righte. See S830. 5487 Not all is Sooth nor all lies that men say al200 Lawman II 542 A 22975-6: Ne al soh ne al les That leod-scopes singeth, cl300 B: Nis noht al soth ne al les That many men seggeth. See B221, M309, 310. 5488 One may say Sooth in game (sport, jest) cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4354-5: But yet I pray thee, be nat wroth for game; A man may seye ful sooth in game and pley, VII 1964[B3I54]: Ful ofte in game a sooth I have herd seye! 1533 More Apologye 194[23-4]: For as Horace sayeth, a man maye somtyme saye full soth in game. Horace Satire I i 24-5. Jente 432. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 413.

Soothsaw Beryn 63.2037-8: Ffor, aftir comyn seying, "елаг atte ende The trowith woll be previd, how so men evir trend." cl400 Seven Sages D 42.1310: Suth will be sene. 1404 Lerne say wele in Kail 17-8.97-104: Though men in erthe trouthe hyde. On halle rof he wole be sayn. In botme of see he nyl not byde. But shewe in market, on the playn. And though trouthe a while be slayn. And dolven depe under clay, Yut he wole ryse to lyve agayn, And al the sothe he wole say. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 115.2786: But at the ende the trouthe shal be sene, al422 Life 416.1491-3: For light wol oute, it may not be borne doune And so wil trouthe, have dominacion For any falsnesse, 1439 St. Alton 160.1915-7: Trouthe wyll out, magre fais envie, Ryghtv>^senes may not be hyd, it is certayne. As for a tyme it may be overlayne. 1519 Horman Vulgaría 307[1]: The treuthe vi^ll appere in processe of tyme, 423[27]: Al wyll come out at the laste: though it be hyd now. Taylor and Whiting 384; Tilley T591. See M80e.

5489 Sooth is most sutel (clear) c900 Cotton Maxims in ASMP 56.10: So6 biS 5492 Whoso says the Sooth (truth) shall be shent (ruined) switolost. cl390 Who says the Sooth, he shall be Shent in 5490 The Sooth (truth) may not be hidden Brown Lyrics XIV 152-4.12: For hos seith the (varied) sothe, he schal be schent, 24, 36, etc., cf. al393 Cower CA II 231.205: The sothe, which 205-8.12, 24, 36, etc. al439 Lydgate Fall II mai noght ben hid. al400 Ipomadon A 22.677: 397.2472: To seyn the sothe, a poore man mai The sothe ys not to layne, 102.3545, 135.4702, be shent, al449 Cok in MP II 817.135: Whoo 149.5196, 161.5617, 178.6222, 186.6531, 200. seith truthe offte he shall be shent. cl475 7034, 203.7129, 209.7322, 230.8077, 231.8125: Cregory Chronicle 203[31-2]: But qui veritatem to hyde, 248.8711, 251.8810. al400 Melayne dicit caput fractum habebit, etc. cl450 Douce 5.141: The sothe is noghte to hyde. al400 MS.52 57.148: Who-so ever sey sothe, he shal Quatrefoil 9.270: The sothe es noghte for to be of-shende. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.122: Who layne. cl400 Florence 54.1587: The sothe ys so says the sothe is often schent. cl450 Rynot to layne, 55.1617. cl400 Sf. Anne (1) 58. lands MS.394 109.16. Cf. Jente 282. See S496. 2220: Ffor soth es noght to layne. 1458 Ship of State in Bobbins Historical Poems 193.56: 5493 Soothness is steadfast The trouthe is not to hyde. al460 Townely al387 Higden-Trevisa VIII 157[13-4]: For the Plays 252.282: The trouth shuld no man layn, soothnes is stedefast and is streng in long 317.376: The sothe is not to hyde. al471 Ashby tyme, but falnes i-feyned vanscheth awey in Policy 26.436: The trouthe is not hid, ne never schort tyme. shalbe.

5494 Soothsaws are loath to lords 5491 Sooth (Truth) reveals itself (shall be seen) cl412 Hoccleve Regement 106.2946-7: And, for soth sawes ben to lordes lothe, Noght wol (varied) cl025 Durham Proverbs 12.21: Sol? hit sylf he soth seyn, he hath made his oth. Oxford 605. acyjseÖ. Veritas seipsam semper declarat. cl385 5495 Soothsaws are never the worse though mad Chaucer TC ν 1639-40: But natheles, men seyen men tell magel (Pfalse) tales that at the laste, For any thyng, men shal the 01387 Higden-Trevisa V 339[15-6]: Soth sawes soothe se. al393 Cower CA III 72.4604: For beeth nevere the wors they madde men telle as the sothe mot be knowe. al400 Wyclif magel tales. Sermons II 133[2-3]: For treuthe mut algatis be known, however false men hiden it. cl400 5496 To suffer for Soothsaw

Sop

534

al400 Romaunt С 6128-30: But natheles, though thou beten be, Thou shalt not be the first that so Hath for sothsawe suffred woo. See S492. 5497 To be but Sops in ale cl516 Skelton Magnificence 69.2233; These maters that ye move are but soppys in ale. 5498 To lie like a Sop cl400 Laud Troy II 493.16728: That he lay ther as a sop.

S497 al450 Partonope 163.4480-4: For ther the sore ys, the fynger woll be, And where thy love is, thyne ey ys to se. For as thy ffynger drawethe to the sore. So wolle thyne eye ever-more, Drawe to that place that thou lovyste beste. Whiting Scots I 186-7. See E207, Τ38β.

5507 After great Sorrow great grace (gladness) al475 Ludus Coventrìae 67.117: Aftere grett sorwe . . . evyr gret grace growyht, 70.200; Aftere grett sorwe evyr grett gladnes is had. See B325.

5499 To set at a Sop cl378 Piers В xiii 124: And sette alle sciences 5508 Be not too sad of your Sorrow or too glad at a soppe save love one. of your joy 5500 Hold not all Sore (sooth) said nor atwite al400 Proverbis of Wysdam 245.51-2; Off thy (taunt, blame) all sorrow sorow be nott to sad, Of thy joy be not to glad. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.11-2. Oxford 605. cl025 Durham Proverbs 12.19: Ne deah eall so}> asaed ne eall sar aetwiten. (N)onne namque 5509 Better said (heard, hid) Sorrow than seen vera dicende sunt. aI220 Giraldus Descriptio al400 Amadace 128[6]; Bettur sayd soro thenne Kambriae in Opera VI 188[7]: Ne halt nocht al sene. cl450 Douce MS.52 44.5: Better is herde sor (var. sel) ísaid, ne al sorghe atwite. Latin sorow than seen. cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.9. (n.4): Non attinet omne malum suum alii al500 Amadace A 244.28; Hyd sorro is better revelare, nec omne alterius incommodum ei than sene. exprobrare. See S485. 5510 Better short Sorrow than long 5501 Not give a Sore(?) al400 Titus 170.3756: Better is short sorwe than al425 Seege of Troye 124 L 1580: Y no geve a longe. sore for heom alle. 5511 Every Sorrow will be assuaged (varied) 5502 Of old Sores come grievous wounds (varied) al439 Lydgate Fall 1 302.3634-5: But everi al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 44.1246-8: Oure sorwe, be long continuaunce. At the laste it olde skathes they wille make newe; And thus sumwhat must aswage. cl489 Caxton Blancmen seys, and ofte is founde. Of old sor cometh hardyn 133.4-5; Ther nys so grete sorowe, but grevous wounde. 1509 Barclay Ship I 51[1]: An that it may be forgoton at the laste. cl500 olde sore to hele is oft hälfe incurable, 164[5]: Melusine 36.18-20; As it is wel trouth that In olde sores is grettest jeopardye, 193[28]: For there nys so grete a sorowe, but that within in olde sorys is greatest jeopardy. Apperson foure days it is somwhat peased. clSOO Three 467; Tilley S649. See H259. Kings' Sons 46.24: There is no sorow nor mysfortune but it most passe. See H285. 5503 One must show the Sore where the salve should be 5512 If you have Sorrow (care, woe) tell it not cl405 Mum 36.316-7: That who-so were in wire to your argh (enemy) but to your saddlebow and wold be y-easid Moste shewe the sore there (varied) the salve were. See L173, M25. cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 94 Τ 217-8: Swich mon thu maist seien thi sor. He wolde thad thu 5504 The Sore may swell long ere the herb is hevedest mor, al300 95 J 203-18: If thu havest grown seorewe. Ne seye thu hit nouht than arewe, cl450 Capgrave Katharine 95.255-8: Every Seye hit thine sadelbowe. And ryd the singinde wysman as wel as I now knoweth The soor may forth. . . . Serewe if thu havest And the erewe swelle longe er the herbe Is growe or rype—a grete clerk of viterbe Seyde soo somtyme and hit wot. By-fore he the meneth, By-hynde he the teleth. Thu hit myht segge swych mon That wrote it in his booke. See G437. the ful wel on. Wyth-ute echere ore. He on the 5505 That Sore is hard to heal which breeds in muchele more. al500 Greene Carols p. 322 v5: the bone The bryd seyde on his devys, "Thou mytyst 1509 Barclay Ship I 44[19]; That sore is harde telle sum man thi woo; He wol it were dublyd to hele that bredes in the bone. See F273. thryis; Thou wost wol lytil ho is thi foo." al500 Salomon sat and sayde 291.16-7: I tel the be5506 Where the Sore is the finger will be

S526

535

ffore To swylkes may thou tel thi care thai wald it wer well more. See C467, F366, M196.

Sou/ al439 Lydgate Fall I 66.2406: Thus ay is sorwe medlid with gladnesse. See J59.

S517 Sorrow may not last ever 5513 Make not one Sorrow twain (varied) al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 477.215-7: For al393 Gower CA III 191.886-7: Somtime I who takith sorwe for losse in that degre, Rekne drawe into memoire Hou sorwe mai noght evere first his losse, and aftir rekne his peyne, Off oo laste. See D340, S798, W140. sorwe, he makith sorwis twayne. al500 ?Ros La 8518 Sorrow often comes soon and it is long or Belle Dame 308.300: Lesse harme it were, oon (ere) it pass sorowful, than twayne. 1506 Hawes Pastime al475 Ludus Coventriae 112.120-1: Ffor oftyn 66.1652: How of one sorowe ye do now make tyme sorwe comyth sone And longe it is or it twayne. 1546 Heywood D 76.219: And reason pace. saieth, make not two sorowes of one, 1555 E 152.41. Apperson 656; Oxford 680-1; Tilley 5519 That Sorrow which follows felicity surS663. See D4, 356, H140, L472, S193, T532. mounts every sorrow al439 Lydgate Fall I 18.645-6: For thilke sorwe 5514 Sorrow helps not (varied) surmountith every sorwe. Which next folwith al325 Cursor I 248.4205-6: Quat bote es soni, afftir felicite. See W136. or так mane О thing that covering has nane. al350 Seven Sages С 100.2929-30: What helpes 5520 To have Sorrow to one's sops it so to sorow the For thing that may noght 1546 Heywood D 89.26: I had sorow to my sops mended be? cl400 Cleges 42.127-8: Ye se wele, ynough be sure. Apperson 589; Oxford 605-6; sir, it helpys noughht. To take sorow in your Tilley S661. thoughht. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 477. 213-4: For tresour lost make nevir to grett 5521 To sing of Sorrow sorwe. Which in no wise may recured be, al400 Melayne 23.696: Of sorowe now may thou 482.324-6: For thyng lost of sodeyn aventur. synge. cl400 Sowdone 61.2109: Or ellis I may Thou sholdist nat make to mych sorwe. Whan singe of sorowe a songe, 69.2418. al425 Chester thou seest thou maist it nat recur. al450 Bar- Plays II 436.240. al450 Castle 168.3062: Of lam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) sadde sorwe now may I synge. al475 Ludus 124.395-6: Ne sorwe thu nought to sore: for Coventriae 171.67-8. thing that is lore, Yif it ne may be found: ne sorw thu nought ther fore. 1484 Caxton Aesop 5522 To sup Sorrow 270[21-2]: Take no sorowe of the thynge lost cl400 Plowman's Tale 182.1096: Hir servaunts whiche may not be recovererd. cl500 Melusine sitte and soupe sorowe. Apperson 610. 24.1-3: And as me semeth it is grette symplenes 5523 Who seeks Sorrow his be the receipt (is to take ony sorowe or hevynes of suche thinges worthy) of it that may not helpe hyndre ne lette, 154.28-9: al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 316.553: Who secheth For that thing that may not be amended it is sorowe, his be the receyt. 1509 Barclay Ship folye to make therof grete sorowe, 313.28-30: I 228[28]: He is worthy sorowe that wyll it Thus to maynten and make suche sorowe of alway seke. Apperson 556; Oxford 571. that thinge that may none other wyse be, and whiche may not be amended nor remedyed. 5524 He is a Sot that is another man's friend al533 Berners Huon 55.26: Makyng of sorow better than his own can not avayle you. Cf. Apperson 126:6; Oxford c l l 7 5 Poema Morale 171.30: Sot is that is 122; Tilley M939. See D337, G455, L52, M729, otheres mannes frend betre thanne his oghe. Apperson 227:71. See C153. R81. 5525 A Sot in siege (seat of power) shall gar 5515 Sorrow is at parting if laughter be at (make) states staver (stagger) meeting (varied) cl420 Wyntoun II 327.795-8: Thus in seige a al460 Towneley Plays 292.397: Thus sorow is sote to se. Or do a dowde in dignyte, Sal get at partyng at metyng if ther be laghter. al475 standande statis staver. And wil bathe wit and Ludus Coventriae 65.56: And tho that departe worschep waver. in sorwe god make ther metyng glad. Apperson 5526 To love as one's (own) Soul 589; Oxford 605. cl400 Beryn 81.2682: Saff a doughter, that he 5516 Sorrow is ay meddled (mixed) with gladness lovid (right) as his owne saal. al415 Mirk Festial

Soul

536

S527

247.32: On sonne, the whech scho lovet as hur 5535 The still Sow eats her meat (all the draff) al200 Serlo 204.54: The stille sue aet gruniende sowie. See L252. hire mete. al250 Rawlinson MS. С 641 in Zeit5527 To reck (care) not if Souls go blackberrying schrift für französische Sprache und Litteratur (varied) 21(1899) 3.4: Si stille suge fret there grunninde cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 405-6: I rekke nevere, mete. cl450 Rylands MS.394 107.13: The stylle whan that they been beryed. Though that hir sowghe etus alle the draffe. 1546 Heywood D soules goon a-blakeberyed. c l 4 5 0 Idley 128.1241: 38.121: The still sowe eats up all the draffe, The soule shall goo grase in fieldis and in woodis, 1555 E 171.142. Apperson 602; Jente 464; Ox188.1813: No force if the soule goo daunce with ford 620-1; Tilley S681. a taboure. See B334. 5536 To grease the fat Sow in the arse 5528 When you see my Soul hang on the hedge, 1549 Heywood D 48.245: What should we . . . then hurl stones grease the fat sow in thars. Apperson 591; Jente 1533 More Confutación 657 A[12-4]: When 496; Oxford 263; Tilley S682. thou seest my soule hange on the hedge, then hurle stones at it hardly and spare not. Tilley 5537 To seethe a fat Sow in a pan H362. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 24[6-7]: Suche is as wyse a man As he that wolde seeth a quycke Sowe 5529 After Sour sweet is a pleasant mess (course) in a Pan. See Aurelius Pompen English Versions c l 4 0 0 Beryn 110.3688: Ffor "aftir sour, when of the Ship of Fools (London, 1925) 294. swete is com, it is a plesant mes." 5538 To sing like a Sow in a slough 5530 There are all Sorts c l 4 5 0 Idley 192.2040: As a sowe in a sloughe 1556 Heywood Spider 201[l-3]: It is comonly thy hede doithe synge. said, and comonly sene, Where as any nomber of any sort be: Of all sortes there be, and 5539 To slumber like a Sow in a slough evermore have bene. Tilley S666. c l 4 5 0 Idley 178.1198: And siembre not in foule synne as a sowe doith in a sloughe. Cf. Whit5531 Southwark ale ing Scots Π 128: sleep. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 3139-40: And therfore if that I mysspeke or seye, Wyte it the ale of 5540 To take the wrong Sow by the ear Southwerk, I you preye. O φ r d 607; Tilley 1546 Heywood D 92.65-6: Ye tooke . . . the A107. wrong sow by theare. Apperson 715; Oxford 607; Taylor and Whiting 346; Tilley S685. Sow, sb., see Hog, Pig, Swine

5532 As adnmken (drowned) as Sows (etc.) (A 5541 To wallow like a Sow in a midden number of single quotations are brought together al400 Scottish Legends 1309.467-8: Ay valouand here) me in that syne. As sow a medynge dois vithine. Whiting Scots II 128. al290 Seve dawes aren in Archiv 52(1874) 36[1.40]: Adronken ase it were souwes. c l 3 8 7 Sow, vb. 95 Chaucer CT I[A] 552: His berd as any sowe . . . was reed, 555-6: A toft of herys, Reed as 5542 As one Sows so shall he reap (varied) the brustles of a sowes erys. cl400 iMud Troy c800 Cynewulf Christ in Exeter Book 5.85-6: Swa I 206.6992: For he lay stille as a sowe. al500 eal manna beam Sorgum sawaö, swa eft ripaS. Beves 118 M 2225: He was brysteled lyke a a900 Alfred Gregory 325.6: Se Se lytel sœwS sowe. c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 65.373: A rustie he lytel ripö. al050 Defensor Liber 156[9-10]: ribaude more viler then a sowe. Paulus se apostol saede se {)е spaerlice saewS spaerlice he eac g(e)ripS. al225 Lambeth Homilies 5533 As meet as a Sow to bear a saddle 131 [24-5]: Qui parce seminai et cetera. The mon 1546 Heywood D 60.44-5: As meete as a sowe thet lutei seweth he seal lutei maghe, 137[31-2]: To beare a saddle, 1555 E 196.288. Apperson Alswa we er seiden. Qui parce seminat ir cetera. 591; Oxford 608; Tilley S672; Whiting Ballad Aevric mon seal eft mowen bi tho the he nu 36. saweth. aI250 Yc ou rede ye sitten stille in SP 28(1931) 598.121-2: That lutei sowet lutei repet 5534 Sow-drunk Ase in the boc tha apostel speket. c l 2 5 0 Owl 1529 More Supplicacion 332 A[7-8]: Fell downe 88.1037-42: Hit was iseid in olde laghe. An yet sowe drunke in the myre, ВС: sowe drunken ilast thilke soth-saghe, That man shal erien an soule, 1533 Confutación 591 F[8]: Waxe wanton sowe, Thar he wenth after sum god mowe: For or sowe dronke. Svartengren 204. See S955.

S554

537

Spare

he is wod that soweth his sed Thar never gras withoute al this. al533 Berners Huon 210.22: ne sprinth ne bled. al300 Proverbs of Alfred Fro thense in to Spayne. 79 J 78-9: Hwych so the mon soweth, Al swuch 5547 Span-(cWp-)new he schal mowe. al325 Cursor III 1566 С 28830-1: 227.4051: In spannewe It was said sithen mani dais, "Qua littil saus, al300 Alisaunder the lesse he mais." cl330 Praise of Women knightten wede. cl300 Havelok 36.968: And 291.42-3: Hou schuld men ani com repe, Ther bouhte him clothes, al spannewe. cl385 Chaucer TC iii 1665: This tale was ay span-newe to byno sede is souwe? cl395 WBible II Corinthians ix 6: For Y seie this thing, he that sowith scar- gynne. cI390 Psalterium b. Mariae 75.586: Al seli, schal also repe scarseli; and he that sowith ur hele sponnewe. 1463-4 Manners and Housein blessyngis, schal repe also of blessyngis, Gala- hold Expenses of England (RC, 1841) 160[4-6]: tians vi 8: For the thingis that a man sowith, A new jakett of purpylle . . . and itt is spanne the thingis he schal repe. al400 Pauline Epistles new. Apperson 595-6; O φ r d 613; Tilley S748. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 346. II Corinthians ix 6, Galatians vi 8. 1404 Leme say wele in Kail 16.61-3: Ffor suche seed he 5548 As meek as a Spaniel doth sowe In stones, in thomes, and in clay. al415 Mirk Festial 119.17-8: The lyon . . . fell The same he schal repe and mowe. cl415 downe to the knightes fete as meke as a spayMiddle English Sermons 112.6-9: He that skarsely nell. saweth, skarsely shall reepe . . . What that every man sawethe, that shall he repe. aI425 Cursor 5549 To fawn like a Spaniel al470 Malory II 912.34: The lyon wente allwey III 1566 Cotton Galba 28830-1: And said it es aboute hym fawnynge as a spaynell. Oxford 195; thus in aide daws, "Who Utili maws, the les he Tilley S704; Whiting Scots II 129. saws." cl443 Pecock Reule 357[22-3]: Such as a man sowith, suche he schal reepe. cl450 God's 5550 To leap on one like a Spaniel Appeal in Kail 86.21-3: For suche seed as thou cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 267: For as a spaynel dost sowe, Therof shal thyn hervest be. In she wol on hym lepe. hevene or helle to repe and mowe. al475 Assembly of Gods 37.1244-5: But suche as ye 5551 To make a Spar of a spindle have sowe Must ye nedes reepe. cl475 Mankind cl516 Skelton Magnificence 33.1036: Of a spyn7.175: But such as thei have sowyn, such xall dell I wyll make a sparre. Tilley S756. thei repe. cl480 Contemplacioun 196.265: Quhat 5552 Ever Spare and ever bare seid men sawis sic come thai mon neid scheire. 1546 Heywood D 71.44: Ever spare and ever 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 13[9-10]: He bare. Apperson 187; Tilley S706. See S626. that sowyth wyth skaerstye repyth skaersly. 1533 More Confutarían 743 H[12-3]: What- 5553 He that will not Spare when he may shall soever a man soweth, the same shall he repe. not spend when he will Apperson 591, 592; Jante 558; Oxford 608; Til ey aI400 Jug inscription in British Museum in Joan S209, 210, 687; Whiting Drama 299, Scots II Evans English Art 1307-1461 (Oxford, 1949) 128-9. See C128, R56. 90: He that wyl not spare when he may he schal not spend when he wold. Cf. Tilley S707, 710. 8543 One Sows and another reaps See W275. cl395 WBible John iv 37: For anothir is that 5554 Spare to speak spare to speed (varied) sowith, and anothir that repith. Tilley S691. al393 Gower CA II 71.1293: For specheles may 5544 In Space comes grace noman spede, 313.439-40: Forthi, my Sone, if cl500 Newton 269.11-2: In space. Comes for- that thou spare To speke, lost is al thi fare. tune and grace. 1546 Heywood D 25.22: In space cl405 Mum 29.86: And spare not to speke, spede comth grace, 1555 E 150.22. Apperson 592; yf thou mowe. 1420 Lydgate Temple 38.905: Oxford 609; Tilley S697-8. For specheles nothing maist thou spede. cl440 Charles of Orleans 165.4942: Spare not to speke 5545 As broad as a Spade spede ye so or no. cl445 PLydgate Kalendare 01387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 553: And therto in MP I 366.99: Who spareth to speke he spareth brood, as though it were a spade. to spede. al450 Audelay 26.443-4: Who-so-ever sparys fore to speke, sparys for to spede. And 5546 Between here and Spain (varied) cl300 Gut/1 110.1939: Anon to Speyne his better he that spekys and spedys noght, he spellys the nis. cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 275.3915: wynd, 446: Better is to speke and sped then Ther nas bituene this and spayne no prince hold hit in mynd. cl450 Douce MS.52 46.27:

Sparhawk

538

Who-so sparyth to spelee, sparyth to spede. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 59.255: It is a comyn sayng, "spare spake, spare spede." cl499 Skelton Botvge I 33.91: Who spareth to speke, in fayth he spareth to spede. al500 Hill 132.47: He that spareth to speke, ofte spareth to spede. a1500 Lincoln Cathedral Chapter MS. 105 (4) in Reginald M. Woolley Catalogue of the Manuscripts of Lincoln Cathedral Chapter Library (London, 1927) 68: Now to speke I will noght spare. Sen apeche has made me for to spede. How schuld he wyte what my will ware Bot I wold neve my awn nede. He schall not cheven in his chafare That will bye and dare noght bede. Ne lenger lyfe with owten kare. Than all ever ilke worde take hede. 1506 Hawes Pastime 74.1891: Who spareth to speke he spareth to spede, 91.2351. 1546 Heywood D 48.232: Spare to speake spare to speede, 1555 E 179.188, 194.275. Apperson 593; Oxford 209; Tilley S709; Whiting Scots II 129-30. See M276. 5555 As prest (active) as a Sparhawk cl378 Piers В vi 199: And what Pieres preyed hem to do, as prest as a sperhauke. Svartengren 122.

5556 To chase as the Sparhawk does the little birds 1480 Caxton Ovyde 89[24-5]: Chaced theym . . . as the sperhawke doth the lytil byrdes. 5557 To look like a Sparhawk cl390 Chaucer CT VII 3457[В4647]: He loketh as a sperhauk with his yen.

S555 is wrappid, and in wrath holdyn, May feston as a fyre with a fuerse lowe. Of a sparke unaspied, spred imder askys, May feston up fyre to mony freike sorow; So lurkes with lordes of a light wrathe. That growes into gronnd harme, grevys full sore. al420 Lydgate Troy I 34.785-6: And of sparkys that ben of syght(e) smale. Is fire engendered that devoureth al. 1422 Yonge Govemaunce 164.15-6: As a Sparke of fyre risyth an huge fyre able a realme to brente. al440 Burgh Cato 314.459: Off brondis smale be maad thes fires grete. a1449 Lydgate See My che in MP II 800.22-3: A lytell sparke ofte sette a tonne a-fyre But when it (brennythe), it is not lyghtely quent. 1450 Diets 274.5: A litille sparke makithe lightly a (grete) fire. cl450 Douce MS.52 48.55: Of a lytul sparkull comyth a grete fyre. cl450 Ladder 109.2: Howe mych a fyre kendelyth of so litelle a sparkille. cl450 Rylands MS.394 98.25. cl470 Harley MS.33e2 f.4a in Retrospective 309[24]: Of a lytyl spark ys mad gret feer. al475 Ashby Dicta 61.426-7: For of a litle sparkel a grete fyre Comyth, displeasaunt to many a sire. 1483 Caxton Cato F r [ 9 ] : For a lytel sparcke of fyre kyndleth ofte a grete fyre. al500 Additional MS.37075 279.28: Of a lytyll sparkyll ther comyth a grett fyre. al500 Hill 130.15: Of a lytill sparkyll, commeth a gret fyre. 1509 Barclay Ship I 194[l-2]: A small sparcle often tyme doth augment It selfe: and groweth to flames peryllous. 1509 Watson Ship 13^15-7]: The sparcle . . . encreaseth unto a grete flambe. 1528 More Heresyes 285 H[6-8]: The sparcle wel quenched ere it wer suffred to growe to over great a fyre. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 325.6779-80: With a lyttell sparcle, the house is sette a fyre. Apperson 593; Jente 731; Smith 274; Tilley S714. See D413, E191, L402, W603.

5558 For Sparing a little cost one loses the coat for the hood al393 Gower CA III 77.4785-7: For sparinge of a litel cost Fulofte a man hath lost The large cote for the hod, 163.7716-8: And thus the Cote 5560 To bum like Spark on gleed for the hod Largesse takth, and yit no Sinne He cl300 Guy^ 28.488: Y brenne so spark on glede. doth, hou so that evere he winne. Apperson 666; cl330 Tars 38 A 194: Him thought, he brend Oxford 387, of. 691. so spark on glede. 5559 Of a little Spark (sparkle) a great fire 5561 To leap like Spark out of gleed (etc.) (A (varied) number of single quotations are brought together cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 474.425: here) Ake of(te) gret fuyr and eke stuyme wext of a cl350 Libeaus 38.668-9: And lep out of the luytel spielde. cl380 Chaucer HF 2077-80: And arsoun, As sperk doth out of glede. al400 Alexthat encresing ever moo. As fyr ys wont to quyke ander С 174.2975: Sparis out spacly as sparke and goo From a sparke spronge amys. Til al a out of gledes. al420 Lydgate Troy III 695. citee brent up ys. cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xi 4459-60: Liehe in twynklynge to Üie sparkis 34: Fier is encreessid of a sparcle. al398(1495) rede In grete fyres that abrod so sprede. al450 Bartholomaeus-Trevisa &3··[1.23-5]: For of a Castle 185.3603-4: As a sparke of fyre in the se. lytill sperkyll in an hepe of towe or of tyndyr My mercy is synne quenchande. 1513 Douglas cometh sodaynly a grete fyre. al400 Destruction Aeneid III 207.67-8: Quhilkis, but abaid, alsof Troy 47-8.1426-31: A Proverbe. A word that sone hess hym slane As spark of gleid wald in

S578

539

Speak

the sey remane, IV 52.158: And furth scho 5567 To glide like Sparkle out of brand sprent as spark of gleid. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 904-5[B2094-5]: And forth upon his wey he glood As sparcle out of 5562 To spring like any Spark (sparkle) of (on) the bronde. fire (gleed, flint) al200 Lawman II 478.21481-2: Cador sprong to horse, Swa spaerc him doh of fure, 565. 23507-8: He sprong forth an stede Swa spare ded of fure. cI300 Guy^ 299 A 5464: And sprongen forth so spark on glede. el300 Havelok 4.91: That he ne sprong forth so sparke of glede. al325 Otuel and Roland 74.492: The fyr out sprang as spark of flynt, 103.1432: as sparcle of glede. al350 Isumbras 35.448 (шг.): of flynte, 36.458: one glede. cl350 Octavian {NL) 121.873-4: of glede, 153.1438: one glede. cl390 Tars 38 V 188: as sparkle doth of glede. al400 Cloud 22.7-8: as sparcle fro the cole. al400 Firumbras 22.647: of glede, 51.1590: as sparcle doth of the fyre, 52.1622: as sparcle on fyre. al400 Le Morte Α. 25.780: of glede, 83.2742: on glede, 84.2793: on glede. cl400 Laud Troy II 418.14190: of glede. cl400 Sowdone 7.205: As a sparkil of glede. с 1410 Lovelich Merlin II 226.8503-4: of fyre. cl475 Guy^ 473 С 8376-7: The mayles of her good hawberkis Sprongen owte as it were sperkis. alSOO English Conquest 107.3-4: of fyre. al500 King Arthur and King Cornwall in Child I 287.67: of gleede. alSOO Octavian (NC) 120.961-2: as sparkylle on glede, 124.1033-4, 152.1466. Whiting Ballad 31.

5568 To pass like Sparkle out of fire cl410 Lovelich Merlin III 451.16839-40: For over the ryver they wylen desire To passen, as sparcle doth owt of fyre. 5569 To start like Sparkle out of (on) fire al400 Firumbras 19.541: A sarsin sterte forth as sparkyl doth on fyre. al475 Guy^ 557 С 9954: He sterte forth as spekyll on fyre. al500 Beves 94 M [9-10]: Up he sterte also right As sperkyll oute of fire' right.

5570 As hot and lecherous as a Sparrow cl380 Chaucer PF 351: The sparwe, Venus sone, C1387-95 CT I[A] 626: As hoot he was and lecherous as a sparwe. Svartengren 409; Tilley S715. 5571 To be befongen (caught) like Sparrow in net clOOO Corpus Christi Homily (Si. Margaret) in Assmann 172.71: Ic eam befangan eal swa spearwe on nette. 5572 To be taken like Sparrows with lime cl400 Laud Troy I 229.7750-1: He slees the Gregeis, as men take sparwes With lym or net or lymyerdes.

5563 As swift as Sparkle out of fire c l 4 I 0 Lovelich Grail IV 346.196: As swyft as 5573 To chirk (chirp) like a Sparrow cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1804-5: And chirketh Sparkle Owt Of fyre. as a sparwe With his lyppes. 5564 Like Sparkle out of gleed cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 77.2102: And 5574 If you Speak well work so cl025 Durham Proverbs 12.20: Gyf {зи well archerye, as sparkil out of glede. sprece wyic aefter swa. Bene loquere sic bene 5565 A small Sparkle may kindle love, but Severn facias. See W642. may scantly quench it cl515 Barclay Eclogues 57.175-6: For a small 5575 It is dizzy (foolish) to Speak before one sparcle may kindle love certayne, But scantly thinks c900 Old English Cato 5.27: Hit byS dysig {jaet Seveme may quench it dene agayne. man speca aer, Jione he {заепсе. Oxford 205: 5566 To fly (go, come) out as Sparkle (spark) of First think. flint aI325 Otuel and Roland 106.1515: That feer flye 5576 Speak or (ere) you smite, bark or you bite out as sparkyl of flynt, 116.1831. cl380 Ferum- alSOO How shall у piece in Archiv 106(1901) bras 25.605: Of helmes and sheldes that fyr out 274[14-5]: Speke or ye smyte, barke or ye byte. went, so sparkes doth of brondes. al400 Firum- Hold yowr handes twayn. See B44. bras 30.898-9: So that claryoun smote Ricer 5577 Speak, spend and speed suche a dynt. That fyr flewe out as sparche of 1381 Jack Trewman in Knighton II 139[23]: flynt, 52.1636: So come Roulond, as sparkyl doth Speke, spende and spede, quoth Jon of Bathon. of flynt. al450 Generydes A 288.9323-4: Aither Oxford 611; Tilley S719. Cf. Whiting Drama 98. smote hard dyntes. The sparkles flow out as doth on flyntes. 5578 Those that Speak fair shall hear fair again

Speak

S579

540

al533 Berners Arthur 87[23]: They that speaketh 5585 Whoso Speaks unwisely speaks too much al470 Parker EHves E7''[1.29-32]: It is a comon fayre, fayre shal here agayne. proverbe, that who so speketh unwysely and 5579 To Speak as one finds vaynely or in an evyll maner, he speketh to cl545 Heywood Four PP B4^[22]: Now speke moche. Apperson 594. all thre, evyn as ye fynde. Tilley S724. 5586 Each Speaker wishes a reply (to be heard) 5580 To Speak fair before but not behind (varied) clOOO Royal MS.2 В ν in Anglia 2(1878-9) 373: a900 Homiletic Fragment in Vercelli Book Clipiendra gehwylc wolde, Jjaet him man on59.3-6: Eorl oöeme mid asffjancum Ond mid cwaede. Omnis invocans cupit audiri. cl025 teonwordum taeleS behindan, SpreceS faegere Durham Proverbs 14.39: Ciggendra gehwilc beforan, and {jast facen swa Jjeah HafaÖ in his wile }}£et hine man gehere. Omnis invocans cupit heortan, hord unclaene. al415 Mirk Festial audiri. 112.18-9: Thus faryth moche pepull now-ondayes that well speke fayre befor a man, but 5587 A great Speaker must be a liar bihynd thay woll sie hym wyth hor tong. al450 1532 Berners Golden Boke 153.1381: If he be a Castle 97.668-9: To speke fayre be-fom, and great speaker, he shall be a Iyer. See L67, W593. fowle be-hynde, Amongis men at mete and mele. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 60.260: Dobull 5588 A hasty Speaker falls in great damage tonguede felows which befor a manys face can 1509 Barclay Ship I 1 0 7 [ 5 ] : A hasty speker speke fair and flater and behynde his bake doth falleth in great domage. See S607, W592. say the worste. 1523 Skelton Garlande 1386.620: 5589 To be a fair Speaker and false thereunder That speke fayre before the and shrewdly be- al470 Malory II 5 9 5 . 2 : For he was a fayre hynde. See A90. speker, and false thereundir. See C174. 5590 A great Speaking is seldom without fault 5581 To Speak high and be low at the proof cl489 Caxton Aymon I 161.1-3: And some of 1512 Copland Helyas A6''[18-20]: The sage sayth. you speketh now hye, that whan the dede shall That a grete spekynge is seldon seen procome to preeff, he shall be full lowe. Cf. Whit- nounced without to have ony faute. Wherby he sayth after, that that he never repented ing Drama 188. See B415, M367. hym of to lytell speche. Cf. Tilley S728. See 5582 To Speak much and speed little L67. alSOO English Conquest 21.2-3: Mych they 5591 Of ill advised Speaking comes harm spoke of this, and lytyll thay Spede. cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 3 3 5 - 7 : My sone, of muchel spekyng yvele avysed, Ther lasse spekyng 5583 To Speak other than one thinks al023 Wulfstan Homilies 189.120-2: To fela hadde ynough sufflsed, Comth muchel harm; manna eac is nu on Öissere swicelan worulde thus was me toold and taught. {ie ealswa to swySe {jurh hiwunge {deceit) eal 5592 As long as a Spear oöer specaö ojier hy {iencaö. cl395 Chaucer CT cl475 Henryson Testament 110.161: And as ane III[D] 1568: The carl spak oo thing, but he speir als lang. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 62.62: thoghte another. 1402 Hoccleve Letter of Cupid Gret ische schouchlis lang as ony speir. 75.74: That spake so faire and falsly inward thoght. 1496 The cyte is bond in Mary D. 5593 As sharp as (point of, any, a) Spear Harris ed. Coventry Leet Books (EETS 135, C 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 1 1 3 - 4 : A gay daggere 1908) 578[ll-2]: We may speke feire and bid Hameised wel and sharp as point of spere. cI410 you good morowe, But lufiF with our hertes shull Lovelich Grail II 2 9 0 . 4 6 0 : It was as scharpe ye have non. cl500 Heartless Mistress in Rob- As Ony spere, 4 0 9 - 1 0 . 1 5 9 - 6 0 : Ony. al460 bins 140.24: Ye speke fayre outward and feyneth Towneley Plays 3 7 2 . 1 6 3 : Thai ar sharp as a withyn. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 392.759: For spere. when he spekyth fayrest, then thynketh he moost 5594 A broken Spear is found false yll. Tilley S725. Cf. Smith 275. See F44, 50. cl400 Roland 107.9-10: Who so belevythe hym shall hym fais find. Right as A broken sper at 5584 To Speak saves for truth is asleep (?) cl475 RawUnson MS. D 328 118.10: Speke the litill end. Cf. Tilley S805. See R70, S649. savyth for trowyth ys a-slepe. Pacifice loquere 5595

quia Veritas dormit in ede. Walther III 691. 20548.

Buy (the) Spear from (your) side or bear (it there) cllOO Leges Edwardi Confessons in Liebermann

S609

541

I 638-9: Emendationem facial parentibus vel werram patiatur, unde Angli proverbium habebant (var. Parentibus occisi fiat emendatio, vel guerra eorum portetur): "Bugge (var. Begge) spere of side othe bere!" quod est dicere: "Lanceam eme de latere aut fer!" Cf. К. Malone in A Literary History of England, ed. Albert C. Baugh (New York, 1948) 43. 5596 The Spear of Achilles cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 238-40: And fille in speche of Thelophus the kyng, And of Achilles with his queynte spere, For he koude with it bothe heele and dere. Oxford 612; Tilley S731. 5597 To be a sure Spear at need 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 98.14-5: Thou art a sure spere at nede that leves a man stykkynge in the breres.

Speech evyll wordes corrupte the good maners, 1484 Royal Book R2^[13-4]: And saynt Poul sayth that the shreude wordes corrumpen good maners, S8'^[3-5]: As sayth saynt Poul . . . The evyl wordes cormpten the good manners. 1509 Barclay Ship 11 53[6-7]: For as the wyse man sayth in a parable Fowle wordes infectyth maners commendable. 1532 More Confutación 409 AB: Evil woordes and sermons do corrupt and marre mens good maners, 1533 Debellacyon 960 AB: Evill communicacion corrupteth good maners. Apperson 193; Oxford 180; Taylor and Whiting 78; Tilley C558.

5603 Fair Speech (words) breaks never bone al400 Ipomadon A 3.7: Fayre speche brekyth never bone. al500 Good Wife A 217.43: Ne fayre wordes brake never bone. Apperson 200; Oxford 187; Tilley W789.

5598 To smite like a Spear 5604 Fair Speech has brought many a man al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 44.15-6: That smott above hym to the hert as a spere. al393 Cower CA II 242.604-5: Fair speche hath 5599 That which is spoken in Special (private) ofte brought above Ful many a man, as it is knowe. spreads afar al400 Destruction of Troy 371.11373-6: But 5605 Fair Speech makes many a good friend oftsythes hit is sene, and sum men hath feld. cl280 South English Legendary: ОТ History That spokyn is in speciali, spredes о fer. In yche company is comynly a claterer of mowthe, 83.37-8: Faire speche . . . maketh many a good frend and holdeth hoi many a bon. See W584. That no councell can kepe, ne no close talis. 5606 For too much Speech many a man has 5600 As clear as Spectacle (something made of been spilled (ruined) glass) al449 Lydgate St. Austin in MP I 197.132: cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 325-8: My sone, ful Feith of our lord wex moor deer than spectacle. ofte, for to muche speche Hath many a man been spilt, as clerkes teche; But for litel speche 5601 Beware of fair Speech avysely Is no man shent, to speke generally. 1449 Metham 14.365: And ever be-ware off 5607 Hasty Speech engenders great damage fayre speche, fore many be ontrwe. See T19. 1509 Barclay Ship I 110[18]: For hasty speche 5602 Evil Speeches (words) destroy (corrupt) ingendreth great damage. See S588, W591. good thews (customs, manners) (varied) 5608 In much Speech sin lacks not (varied) cl395 WBible I Corinthians xv 33: For yvel al382 WBible Proverbs χ 19: In myche speche spechis distrien good thewis. al400 Pauline shal not lacke synne (cl395: Synne schal not Epistles I Corinthians xv 33: Forwhy evyl faile in myche spekyng). cl390 Chaucer CT spechys corrumpyn goode manerys. cl425 IX[H] 338: In muchel speche synne wanteth Ardeme Fistula 5.18-9: And it is seid in another naught. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 88.2429: In place, "Shrewed speche corrumpith gode mochil speche wantith not offence. 1491 Rule maners." cl425 Si. Mary Oignies 163.12-3: For of St. Benet (3) 123.30-1: In moche speche, as yvel to-gedir-spekynges harmeth good maners. it is writen, synne cann not be avoyded. al500 1447 Bokenham 251.9215-6: For, as seyth seynt Leconfield Proverbs 485[35-6]: In many wordis poule, shrewyd talkyng Corumpyth good maners is syn comonly, Speke Utili and trewly. 1522 and good lyvyng. cÌ450 Capgrave Lives 85.3-4: More Treaty ce 76 A[3-4]: The scripture saith, in For evel speche often tyme appeyreth ful good many wordes lacketh not sinne. See L67, S612. maneres. al470 Parker EHves P6''[2.1-4]: For saynt Poule sayth . . . Wycked speche destroyed Se09 It is good to be soft of Speech chastyte and good thewes. 1483 Caxton Golden al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.65: Off speche Legende 50''[2.18-20]: Thapostle sayd: The is gwode to be sought, (Π) 222.51: soft. cl450

Speech

542

Fyrst thou sal 89.71-2: Of speche it is gode to be soft And mefe not thi mode to oft.

S6J0

al325 Cursor III 1192 CG 20857-8: It es na spede our suine to spend. On thing we may noght bring til end. See R54, T104.

5610 The last Speech is better than the former cl400 Consilia Isidori 373[15]: The laste speche 5621 Speed is small where haste is much (is) better then the former. See W598. cl545 Heywood Four PP Bl''[5]: That spede is small whan haste is muche. See H167. 5611 Little Speech and much hearing conquers al475 Ashby Dicta 100.1259-60: So, in liti! 5622 As burning as Spelds (sparks) of fire speche and right meche heryng, Many grete cl300 South English Legendary I 99.411: Vleo up and doun al bemynge as spelden doth of vertues is conquering. See H264. fure. 5612 Much Speech is not without strife cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 547.377-80: 5623 The best Spent is that lent for God's love Muche speche nis not with-outen strif; Hose al500 Cood Wife N 210.12-3: For that is best I kepeth his tonge kepeth his lyf; He that his spende, That for Gods love I lend. See E38. tonge can not holde. In cumpaygnye a schrewe 5624 The bolder to Spend the worse thriving is told. See S608, W600. al500 Good Wife N 214.160: The bolder to 5613 Seldseen (seldom) Speech has much spend the worse thriving. strength 5625 He that fast Spends must needs borrow al200 Ancrene 42.1-2: And leomith yeome her aI500 Harhy MS.116 in Rei. Ant. I 316[15-6]: bi, hu seltsene speche haveth muche strengthe. He that fast spendyth must nede borowe; But 5614 To lose no more than one's Speech (word) whan he schal paye ayen, then ys al the sorowe. cl385 Chaucer TC ν 798: I shal namore lesen Oxford 248. See Б467. but my speche. al513 Dunbar Dream 129.83: 5626 He that never Spends but always spares, And he that askis nocht tynes bot his word. commonly the worse he fares 5615 To teach someone to speak one's Speech al461 John the Reeve 576.455-7: He that never (i.e., conquer) spendeth but alway spareth, Comonlye oft the al200 Lawman III 55.26542-4: Betere ine worsse he fiareth; Others will broake itt fflne. weoren inne Rome, For thus we eou scullen See S552. techen Ure Bruttisce speche, 68.26833-4: Nu is the wulle teche Bruttisce spaeche. cl225 Horn 5627 Spend not or (ere) you get it 79 С 1367-8: We schulle the hundes teche To al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.76: Spend not, speken ure speche. ore thou hit gete, (II) 223.62: Spend feyr, of thou mekil gete. Cf. Tilley S738. See T250. 5616 Unadvised Speech causes repentance

al439 Lydgate Fall I 176.6221: Spech onavised 5628 Scarce Spending scathes gentrice (harms causeth repentaunce. rwbility) al500 Colkelbie 296.486-7: Scarss spending 5617 Under fair Speech many vices are hid skathis gentriss. Cf. Tilley S745. See L447, 01385 Usk 55.48-9: And under colour of fayre M120. speche many vices may be hid and conseled. See W585. 5629 As round as any Sphere al420 Lydgate Troy I 171.940: By compas cast, 5618 Under fair Speech men may wry (conceal) rounde as any spere, 276.4585. treason (varied) al439 Lydgate Fall II 358.cor.: But oft falleth 5630 As sweet as any (the) Spice as Clerkes specefie Undre fair speche men may al300 Thomas de Hales 73.168: Thu ert swettreson wrye. cl450 Idley 97.950: Undre feire speche ofte is hidde treason. See D122, M196, ture than eny spice. al333 Shoreham Poems 86.24: So swete so the spyce. с 1390 Mary W623, 624. and the Cross 613.57: Vertu swettore then 5619 The worst Speech is rathest (soonest) heard spices. aI415 Mirk Festial 223.19-20: any spices. cl455 Speculum Misericordie 941.22. cl500 al393 Gower CA II 283.2120-2: Comunliche in every nede The worste speche is rathest herd Newton 270.20: My lovely lady swetter then spices. And lieved, til it be ansuerd. 5620 No Speed to spend swink (labor) on thing 5631 To creep with Spiders and fly with flies which may not be brought to end 1556 Heywood Spider 369[ll-2]: Creeping with

SÓ48

Staff

543

spiders: at times when I lust, And flieng with flies: othertimes, evine as Just. See H586.

c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary ne beoth noght worth a spone.

I 18.62: That

5632 Not worth a Spill {splinter) 8641 To ming (mix) Sport with earnest c l 3 0 0 Becket I 42.850: For hit nis noght worth c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 3.19-21: And Clerkis a spille. sayis it is rieht profitabill Amangis emist to ming ane mene sport. To light the spreit, and gar the 5633 A blithe Spirit makes a green age tyme be schort. See G21. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 193.20-1: So that the wyss tharof in proverb wrytis, "A blith spreit 8642 As a sharp Spur makes a horse run, so a makis greyn and floryst age." Cf. Tilley H301. yard (rod) makes a child leam al475 Symon Lesson 402.91-6: And as the wyse 5634 One's Spirit is where his affection is man sayth yn his boke Ofi^ proverbis and wyseal400 Wyclif Sermons II 154[12-3]: And fllosodomes, ho wol loke, "As a sharppe spore makyth fris seien over, that mannys spirit is where an hors to renne Under a man that shold werre evere his affecioun is. See T45I. Wynne, Ryght so a yerde may make a chyld To lerne welle hys lesson, and to be myld." See Yl. 5635 The Spirit is ready but the flesh is sick clOOO WSG Matthew xxvi 41: Se gast is hraed, 5643 To win one's Spurs and {jset flaesc ys untrum. c l 3 9 5 WBible Mat1473 Paston V 199[13]: I pray yow wynne yowr thew xxvi 41: The spirit is redi, but the fleisch sporys in hys mater. al475 Assembly of Gods is sijk. Oxford 614; Tilley S760. See F272. 29.980: To wynne theyr spores they seyde they 5636 To have one's Spirit in his nose cl4(H) Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW III 135[35-7]: And herfore biddes tho prophete to bewar with that man that hafs his spirit in his nose and hastly takes vengeaunce. Cf. Apperson 452: His nose will abide no jests; Oxford 462; Tilley N223.

wold asay, 984. 1528 More Heresyes 239 A[14-5]: He should not winne his spurres, 1533 Debellacyon 1013 E[2-3]: He had well wonne his spurres. 1556 Heywood Spider 179[21]: Who shall here win boote, in winning here his spurs. Apperson 688; Oxford 711; Taylor and Whiting 349; Tilley S792.

5644 To Spurn (tríp) rather than speed (varied) 5637 On the Spleen (i.e., in jest) 1460 Paston 111 209[22-4]: And at evyn drank c l 4 2 0 Wyntoun IV 73.5073-4: He spumyt oftar to me, and made me good chere, half on the than he spede That blythtles byrde that braucht splene, &c. al500 Nut Brown Maid 185 (Balliol to bede, 185.683-4: Qwha God til greyf wil haf na dreide He sal oft spum qwhen he sulde MS.) [5-6]: When men wille breke promyse, speide. al437 Kingis Quhair 98.186[6-7]: And they speke The wordis on the splene (var. quho that will noght for this prayer tum, Quhen words upon the plaine). thai wald faynest speid, that thai may spum. al450 York Plays 422.15: I spome ther I was 5638 To drink like Sponges and old boots 1509 Watson Ship El'"[4-5]: Suche folkes drynk- wonte to spede. c l 4 5 0 Foly of Fulys 62.362: eth lyke sponges and olde bootes, Q6''[29-30]: That garrís thaim spwm quhen thai suld speid. c l 4 7 5 Golagros 30.878-9: Oft in romanis I reid: Bacchus servauntes, that drynketh wyne lyke sponges. Cf. NED Sponge sb.^ 8; Svartengren Airly spome, late speid. Whiting Scots II 130. 190. 5645 As just as a Square 5639 He must have a long Spoon that shall eat c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT III[D] 2090: Thou shalt me with a fiend (the devil) fynde as just as is a squyre. Oxford 329; Skeat c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT V[F]602-3: "Therfore bi- 274. hoveth hire a ful long spoon That shal ete with 5646 To start (leap) about like a Squirrel a feend," thus herde I seye. c l 4 9 0 Sloane MS.747 al400 Crete ferly 68.119-20: In no sted con 203.17: He that wyll with the devyll ete, A thai rest ne duelle, But stirten about ay as a longe spone must he gete. al500 Harley MS.2321 in Bel. Ant. 1 2 0 8 [ l l - 2 ] : He hath need of a squyrelle. Svartengren 159, 378. long spoone that eateth with the Devili. 1546 5647 As dry as a Staff Heywood D 75.190: He must have a long spoone, 1523 Hemers Froissart III 153[14-5]: All his shall eate vdth the devili. Apperson 143-4; body became as drie as a staffe. Oxford 382; Tilley S771; Whiting Devil 205-6. 5648 As stark (stiff) as a Staff al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 33:10563-4: 5640 Not worth a Spoon (splinter)

staff

S649

544

Starke ase a stafe his arme con stand And wold not bow his body to. S649 He that rests on a rotten Staff must fall 1502 Imitatione (2) 185.1-3: That persone that wyll rest or be supported of a dysceyvable or roton staffe muste of necessite fall therwith. Tilley S805. See K70, S594. seso A Staff and a wallet 1546 Heywood D 71.46: What sendth he? (saie 1) a staffe and a wallet. Tilley S799.

strik him selfe doune. 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 23.9: He hath ordeyned a staffe for his owne heed. 1509 Watson Ship Nl''[21-2]: We forge a hammer for to breke our bodyes withall. 1513 Skelton Against the Sœttes I 186.146: For your owne tayle ye made a rod. 1525 Berners Froissart VI 52[l-2]: The constable gadred the rodde wherwith hymselfe was beaten, 77[30-l]: The rodde is gadered wherwith they shall be shortely beaten and corrected. 1546 Heywood D 21.40: Haste proveth a rod made for his owne tayle. Apperson 536; Jente 504; Oxford 547,617; Tilley R153, S802; Whiting Drama 44, 129, Scots II 130, 149. See E222, R I 6 6 , T216.

5651 To drink with one's own Staff (i.e., nothing) a l 4 2 5 Arthour and M} 361.2045-6: And sware by the ruth, that god hem gave He shold drinke with his owne staffe. clSOO Arthour and 5653 To hold (live) at Staff's end M.^ 482.1932-3. c l 3 7 5 Chaucer Anel. 183-4: His newe lady holdeth him so narowe Up by the bridil, at the 5652 To have (make) a Staff (yard, whip, wand, staves ende. 1546 Heywood D 51.335-6: I live rod, hammer) for oneself (varied) here at staves end. Where I need not borowe, al325 Cursor Π 422.7231-2: That thai desire, nor I will not. Apperson 599; Tilley S807. thai sal it desire, thai sal it have, To thair aun heved a stave. c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC i 740-2: For 5654 Stafford blue {i.e., a beating) it is seyd, "man maketh ofte a yerde With a l 4 6 0 Towneley Plays 29.200-1: Bot thou were which the maker is hymself ybeten In sondry worthi be cled in Stafford blew; Ffor thou art manere," as thise wyse treten. al393 Gower alway adred. a l 5 0 0 Ballad in Rei. Ant. I 29[17]: CA II 229.120: And make unto miself a whippe. And clothe here well yn Stafford blewe. Apperc l 4 0 0 Alexander Buik 111 294.6487: I gadder son 599; Oxford 617. the wande quhairof I fale. Or ai cuelli la verge 5655 It is safer to row by the Staithe (shore) dont je serai batusi c l 4 0 0 Beryn 41.1313-4: Ffor than sail on the sea there nys beting half so sore, with staff nethir c900 Old English Cato 6.17-8: Treowlicre hit is (with) swerd, As man to be (I-)bete(n) with his owne yerd, 71.2324-5: But nowe myne owne beo staöe to rowen, {)onne ut on sae to segeligen. See S248, 801. yerd Betith me to sore; the strokis been to hard. cI450 Alphabet II 434.19-20: At he sulde be thus betyn with his awn staff. c l 4 5 0 Idley 85.287: And be not beten with thyn owne rodde. c l 4 5 0 La Tour-Landry 21.15-6: And that she had bete her selff with her ovrae staffe, 54.11-2: For many men for anger betithe hym selff with his owne staffe, 176.29-30: Every woman . . . may wel bete her self with her ovrae staf. 1450 Diets 16.1-2: As he that sekithe, the rodde where-with he is beten. a l 4 7 5 Hit is ful barde in MLN 55(1940) 567.33: To thy self loke thou make not a whyppe. 1477 Rivers Dictes 14[10-1]: Leste ye resemble him that seketh a rod, to be betyn with all. 1484 Caxton Aesop 50[15-6]: And with the staf whiche he had made he was bete, 89[17-8]: For men ought not to gyve the staf by whiche they may be beten with, c l 4 8 9 Aymon I 97.10-1: And it is often sayd That men make often a rodde for theym selfe, II 428.29-30: I have made myself the rodde wherwith I am beten. al508 Dunbar Tretis 94.383-4: All thus enforsit he his fa and fortifyit in strenth. And maid a stalvcart staff to

5656 As still as Stake a l 3 2 5 Cursor II 434.7526: Bot thar he stod als still OS stake. Svartengren 384; Tilley S809. 5657 He is bound at a Stake that may not do but as he is bidden c l 4 9 5 Arundel Vulgaria 46.198: But, as men say, he is bounde at a stake that may not do but as he is bidde. See S664, W433. 5658 It is an ill Stake that cannot stand one year in a hedge 1546 Heywood D 66.14-5: So it is an yll stake 1 have heard among. That can not stände one yere in a hedge. Apperson 325; Oxford 617; Tilley S 8 I I . 5659 Stake fast c l 4 5 0 St. CuthbeH faste.

141.4768: He stode stak

SaeO To be driven to the Stake c l 4 2 I Lydgate Thebes 152.3687-8: And thow art dryve so narowe to the stake That thow mayst nat moo delayes make.

S675

545

S661 To dry like a Stake cl450 God Send Us Patience in Brown Lyrics XV 234.29: Oure bonys wol drye as doth a stake.

Síor al325 Cursor 1 12.61-2: He that (s)titthest wenis at stand, Warre hym his fall is nexst his hand. See F507, K4, M314, 8915, T181.

8662 To have eaten a Stake 8670 If one Stands still he must needs fall 1546 Heywood D 45.137-8: How be it for any al475 Tree 121.18-9: I seyde, stond not stille great courtesie he doth make, It seemth the but be ever romyng, for outher thou must gentili man hath eaten a stake. Apperson 177:31; ascende or descende. Yif thou stonde still thou must nedis falle. Oxford 167; Tilley S810. 5663 To stand like (a) Stake 8671 None Stands so surely but otherwhile he al393 Gower CA III 172.191-2: Bot as it were a falls (varied) 1481 Caxton Reynard 73[24-5]: Ther is none stake, I stonde. alSOO Dégrevant 69 С 1059-60: Hys helme shal be wel steled. That stond shal that stondeth so surely but otherwhyle he falleth or slydeth. 1509 Fisher Henry VH 286.24-6: as stak. Saynt Poule sayth: Qui stat videat ne cadat. He 5664 Who is attached to a Stake may go no that standeth let him beware that he slydeth further not, for the waye is slyppery. See B275, H63, 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 11.297-8: Quha is M45. attachit ontill a staik, we se, May go na ferthir bot wreil about that tre. Cf. Tilley B354. See 8672 Long Standing and small offering make BI02, S657. poor parsons 1546 Heywood D 97.241-2: Men saie . . . long 8665 It is a Stale (tríck) to take the devil in a standyng and small offring Maketh poore perbrake (trap) sons, 1555 E 197.291. Apperson 379; Oxford 382; al529 Skelton Elynour I 105.324-5: It was a Tilley S824. stale ( for stare [Dyce]) to take The devyll in a brake. 8673 As bright as (the, any) Star(s) al300 Maximian 99.214-5: Mi 1er that wes so 8666 Stale (theft) loves no delay bright Al so the sterre a-night. cl300 South clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 220[9]: ForSan 8e stalu English Legendary (Laud) 15.499: This croiz ne lufaS nane yldinge. is brightore to this world thane alle the steorrene beo. al349 Rolle Meditatio 42.28: Thi S667 As true as you Stand here cl497 Medwall Fulgens C2''[2]: But it is as true woundis ben brighter than sterris. al400 Alexas ye stond there. Taylor and Whiting 350; ander С 19.604: (Eyes) that ware as blyckenand bright as blesand sternes. cl400 Plowman's Tale Tilley S818. 178.969. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 342.12584: 8668 He that Stands sure let him not stir any. cl430 PLydgate Compleynt 66.546-8: And (varied) for this ston may longe endure. In fer to brenne al400 Destruction of Troy 69.2075-7: Hit is fayr and bryght. As sterrys in the wyntyr nyght. siker, for sothe, and a sagh comyn,—"He that al450 Generydes A 176.5642-3: any. al475 stalworthly stondes, stir not too swithe, Lest he Asneth 230.87: Fair of face, bright of ble, as faile of his fotyng and a falle have." al420 sterre in the firmament. al500 Court of Love Lydgate Troy I 197.1848-9: Nor the proverbe 411.82: All was as bright as sterres in winthat techeth commounly, "He that stant sure, ter been. 1506 Hawes Pastime 11.157: ony, enhast hym not to meve." cl420 Wyntoun VI 61.1511-2: ony, 88.2271: sterre refullgent, 171.6074: Qwha standis weil, he sulde noucht 141.3743: ony. al508 Dunbar Goldyn Targe stere. 1484 Caxton Aesop 233[20-2]: Therfore 114.52: the stem of day. Svartengren 227; Taylor he whiche is and standeth wel sure ought to and Whiting 350; Wbiting Scots II 131. kepe hym soo that he falle not For to whiche is wel meve not hym self, 239[17-21]: For many 8674 As clear as a Star tymes I have herd saye of my graunt moder he 1485 Caxton Charles 198.11-2: Eyen as clere that is wel meve not hymself For he whiche is as two sterres. 1493 Tretyse of Love 116.24: in a place wel sure is wel a fole to go fro hit Was he as deer as a full fayr sterre. al508 and to putte hym self in grete daunger and Dunbar Goldyn Targe 113.36: The stanneris perylle. Apperson 599. See S297. clere as stem in frosty nycht. Svartengren 363; Whiting Scote II 131. 8669 He that weens to Stand stithest (firmest) his fall is next 8675 As innumerable (etc.) as (the) Stars

Star

546

c875 Azarias in Exeter Book 89.36-7: Swa unrime, Had to hebban swa heofonsteorran. a893 Waerferth Gregory 55.9-11; Ic gemaenifealde {)ίη saed swa swa heofones steoran. 897 Alfred Boethius 19.1-3: Swa fela welena swa . . . Jjara steorrena Se {liostrum nihtum scinaS. clOOO Aelfric Heptateuch Genesis xxii 17: Ic Se nu bletsige and Ôinne ofspring(e) gemenigfylde swa swa steorran on heofonum. Homilies II 62[8-9]. al300 Alisaunder 99.1737-8: Ich have moo knighttes to werren Than ben in walken sterren. cI325 Way of Woman's Love 163.2931: Ase feie sythe and oft . . . As sterres beth in welkne. cl380 Chaucer Boece II m. ii 5-7: As manye rychesses as ther schynen bryghte sterres in hevene on the sterry nyghtes, HF 1254: Moo than sterres ben in hevene. cl395 WBible Genesis xxii 17: Y schal multiplie thi seed as the sterris of hevene, xxvi 4, Deuteronomy i 10: Ye ben ful many to dai, as the sterris of hevene, xxviii 62, II Esdras ix 23, Daniel Iii 36, Romans iv 18, Hebrews xi 12. al400 Alexander С 213.3676: And tho ware strenkild with stanes as sterne о the hevyn. al400 Pauline Epistles Romans iv 18, Hebrews xi 12. cl4I5 Middle English Sermons 114.2-3: Mo bodies gadered to-thethur than is sterres on heven or graweyll in the see. al425 Chester Plays I 82.450-1. cl425 Speculum Sacerdotale 222.29-30: So grete a multitude that sterres of the hevene . . . was noght thicker. 1446 Lydgate Nightingale, ed. Otto Glaunig (EETS ES 80, 1900) 11.283-4. al450 Benedictus in Wyclif SEW III 58[15]. al475 Ludus Coventriae 50.217-8. cI475 Brome Abraham in Waterhouse 51.392-4. al500 Feast of All Souls in Archiv 79(1887) 437.277-8: Also thyke semyd they As the sterres in the sky. a1500 From a Departing Lover in Robbins 199.43-4: But ofte-tymes у grete you wel As sterris sitten on the skye. al500 Sen that Eine 106.80-3: So monye starris ar nocht in nichtis sein Nor in drawing colouris. Nor scipping froggis amid the medow grein As I thocht of dolouris. Svartengren 399; Whiting Drama 327:308, Scots II 131. See S681.

S676 cl200 Sf. Katherine (Royal) 81.1647-8: Of gimstanes steapre Then is eni steorre. al225 Sf. Marherete 20.25: His twa ehnen steareden steappre then the steoren. cl380 Pearl 5.113-6: Stones stepe, . . . As stremande sternes, quen strothe-men siepe, Staren in welkyn in wynter nyght.

5679 Study not to handle the Stars al400 Alexander С 142.2480: Ye suld noght stody ne stem the stemes for to handill. Cf. Tilley S825. 5680 There are more Stars than a pair cl380 Chaucer PF 595: There been mo sterres, God wot, than a payre! Apperson 216:20, 428; Oxford 618. 5681 To be able to name (number) no more than the Stars of heaven aI325 Cursor I 142.2345-6: That naman suld cun sume ne neven Na mare then sterns of heven. cI440 Prose Alexander 21.14-5: Thou myghte nerehand alsonne nommer the stemes of heven, as the folke of the empire of Perse. See S675. 5682 To give as great light as Stars cl408 Lydgate Reson 27.1004-5: For they yaf as gret a lyght As sterris in the frosty nyght. al425 St. Robert 49.227-8: Hys lyffe to lele men gaffe great lyght Als doys a steme apon a nyght. 5683 To glitter like Stars (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) alOOO Vercelli Homilies 87.178: He glitenaÖ swa steorra. aI422 Lydgate Life 353.604-6: With fyre of love, brynnyng also bryght . . . As done the sterres, in the frosty nyght. 1447 Bokenham 19.695: Hys eyne glastryd as sterrys be nyht. 1485 Caxton Charles 90.15-6: Hyr eyen . . . sparklyng lyke ii sterres. Se84 To pry upon the Stars and fall in a pit cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3457-61: So ferde another clerk with astromye; He walked in the feeldes, for to prye Upon the sterres, what ther sholde bifalle. Til he was in a marle-pit yfalle; He saugh nat that. Tilley S827.

5676 As light as (the) Stars alOOO Vercelli Homilies 130.220-2: His miht S685 To shine like (the, a) Star(s) is . . . leohtre jsonne heofones tungel. al400 clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 502[20]: Scinende Ipomadon A 70.2404-6: The pensell red there swa swa tungel on soôre lare. Pastoral Letters fore, . . . (was) lyghter then the sterres leme. 176.83 O: {>a-t)e ge-laerede beoS, hy scynaô . . . swa-swa steorran. clOOO Apuleius in Cockayne 5677 As sheen as any Star I 164[4-5]: Jjeos wyrt scineÔ on nihte swilce al420 Lydgate Troy II 426.1094: The fire brast steorra on heofone. elOOO Ecclesiastical Instiout, schene as any sterre. tutes II 414[9-10]: Hi scynaS swa swa steorran in ecnysse. cl300 Sawles Warde (Bodley) 30.287: 5678 As steep (brilliant) as any (the) Star

S697

547

Steed

The schineth as doth steorren in the eche blis- wisedom. Que status est melior, prudencia sit sen. 1340 Ayenbite 267[27]: Ssyneth ase sierren. tibi maior. al400 Destruction of Troy 99.3035-6: Hir ene . . . Shynyng full shene as the shire stemys. 5692 To move no more than a Statue al400 Meditations 52.1995-6: the. al400 Scoi- 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 31.96-7: Moving na tish Legends II 309.166-7: a. al415 Mirk Festial mair . . . Than scho had bene a statu of marbil 17.3-4: a. al439 Lydgate Fall III 675.27-8: stane. Svartengren 383-4; Taylor and Whiting Whos brennyng eyen sparklyng of ther liht As 351. See S775, 792. doon sterris the frosti wyntres niht. cl440 Prose 5693 He learned timely to Steal that could not Alexander 67.32-3: sternes. 1447 Bokenham say nay 203.7450: sterrys. al450 Hail, Star in Brown al460 Towneley Plays 133.524: He lemyd Lyrics XV 36.6: a. 1485 Caxton Charles 32.17: tymely to steyll that couth not say nay. Oxford sterres. cl490 Ryman 317.10: Sanctus Franciscus 358; Tilley N53. damit. As a sterre, in his live. 1501 Douglas Police 18.7: stemis. al508 Dunbar Goldyn Targe 5694 Whoso Steals when he is drunk shall be 113.36: The stanneris clere as stem on frosty hanged when he is fresh (sober) nycht. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 87.18: starris, cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 121.46: Ho so 175.55-6: The crystall bemys of hir eyen twane, stelyth when he ys dronke he shall an-hanggyd That as the brycht twynkland stamys schayn. when he ys fresch. Tilley M175: kills a man. Whiting Scots II 131. See D42I, M103, S374. 5695 It is ill Stealing from a thief To twinkle like the (a) Star(s) Chaucer CT I[A] 2 6 7 - 8 : His eyen cl515 Barclay Eclogues 216.962: It is ill stealing twynkled in his heed aryght, As doon the sterres from a thiefe. Apperson 473; Tilley S837. in the frosty nyght. 1 5 3 4 Heywood BS 2 5 0 . 1 5 - 6 : 8696 To run as swift as any Steed Her beutye twinkleth like a starre, Within the cl300 Gui/i 376.7164: And swifter emend than frostye nyght. ani stede.

5686

C1387-95

S697 When the Steed is stolen make fast the 5687 Ween not to sty {ascend) to the Stars al200 Ancrene 186.20-1: Ne wene nan with stable door (varied) este stihen to heovene, al250 (Nero) 165.27: al393 Gower CA II 325.901-3: For whan the to the steorren. al250 On Ureisun in R. Morris grete Stiede Is stole, thanne he taketh hiede. Old English Homilies, First Series (EETS 34, And makth the stable dore fast. cl450 Douce 1868) 201[28-9]: Ne wene nomon to stihen with MS.52 46.22: When the hors is stole, steke the este to the steorren. al508 Dunbar Flyting 5.3: stabull-dore. cl450 Rylands MS.394 97.16. Quhilk hes thame self aboif the sternis styld. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 118.9: When the stede ys stole hit ys tyme to schette the stabell See C320. doyr. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 17[28-9]: It is a 5688 To Stare broad (unth open eyes) but see not comyn proverbe and trouthe it is. Whan the hors al420 Lydgate Troy III 860.3058: He stareth is stolen, it is to late to shete the stable, 1484 brode, but he may nat se. cl500 Series in Brown Aesop 245[13-4]: It was not tyme to shette the Lyrics XV 270.29-30: Summe stare brode and stable whan the horses ben loste and gone. may not se—Be many a clerk it faret so. Cf. cl490 Sloane MS. 747 204.19: Whan the stede ys stole, than shytte the stable dore. al500 Hill Taylor and Whiting 32-3. 128.23: Whan the stede is stolen, shit the stabili 5689 As close as Starlings dore. al500 Lay of Sorrow 717.84-5: Bot all to cl450 Merlin II 260[33]: Thei hem renged clos late to stek the stable nowe; Begane I quhane on a sop (troop) as starlinges. the stede Is stollin away. cl500 King Hart 107.25-6: The steid is stollin, steik the dure; lat 5690 To go together like Starlings se Quhat may avale; God wait! the stall is tume! cl450 Merlin II 193[8]: And than thei yede cl500 Melusine 97.8-9: And good it is to shette to-geder as starlynges. the stable before the hors be lost, 184.32-3: For 5691 The better (greater) State the more wis- good it is to shette the stable or ever the horses be lost. cl505 Watson Valentine 46.16-8: For it dom (behooves) cl450 Douce MS.52 56.139: The better that thi is a comyn sayeng, that to late it is for to shyt state be, The better wysdom be-hovys the. the stable doore, whan the horse is loste. 1509 al500 Hill 130.13: The grettir state, the more Barclay Ship 1 76[17]: Whan the stede is stolyn

Steel

548

S698

to shyt the stable dore. 1509 Watson Ship 5704 As stith {strong) and stark as Steel ϋ3··[9-10]: The foole . . . shytteth the stable cl400 Alexander Bulk IV 364.8661: And was dore whan the horse is stolen. 1523 Skelton baith styth and stark as steill. Whiting Scois Garlande I 418.1435: When the stede is stolyn, II 131. spar the stable dur. 1525 Berners Froissart V 83[8-9]: Ye wyll close faste the stable whan the 5705 As strong as (any) Steel horse is loste, al533 Huon 311.15-6: Do as he cI330 Si. Katherine 245.159: And that thyn doth that closyth the stable dore whan the horse herte be strong as steel. al333 Shoreham Poems is Stollen. 1546 Heywood D 37.86-7: To late . . . 128.51: Thou ert the gate so stronge so stel. Whan the steede is stolne shut the stable durre. al338 Mannyng Chronicle Al 379.10851-2: any. Apperson 598-9; Oxford 587; Taylor and Whit- cl400 Sowdone 11.349. al425 Templum Domini ing 109; Tilley S838; Whiting Drama 130, 144, 105.519. al475 Wright's Chaste Wife, ed. F. J. 283, Scots II 131. Cf. Jente 15. See B439, H608. Fumivall (EETS 12, 1865) 3.82: eny. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 41.211. Tilley S839; Whiting NC 481. 5698 As firm as Steel 1480 Caxton Ovyde 185[30]: More ferme . . . 5706 As sure as (any) Steel than steel. Whiting Scots II 131. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 214.7663: Ffor thys 5699 As hard as (any) Steel helm, surer than Stel, 218.7809: any. Tilley c l l 7 5 History of the Holy Rood-Tree, ed. A. S. S840; Whiting Drama 327:309. Napier (EETS 103, 1894) 24.36-26.1: ]эа wearö hit swa heard swylce hit staelen waere. с 1330 5707 As traist {firm, sure) as (the) Steel Degare 79.352(шг.): And harder than stele, 354 1456 Hay Law 242.30: Traist as stele. al513 (var.). al393 Gower CA II 25.733-5: As Stiel is Dunbar Of the Ladyis 98.19: Trest as the steill. hardest in his kynde Above alle othre that Whiting Scots II 131-2.

men finde Of Metals. al400 Scottish Legends I 5708 As trist (sure) as (any) Steel 267.408. cl408 Lydgate Resoti 32.1189. cl410 al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 39.1108: Gyf Lovelich Grail II 290.453: ony. III 156.280. Brutus wold be tryst as stel, 171.4864: Trisal430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 113.4275-6, al449 tiloker than ony stel. See S712. Fabula in MP II 494.234: any. al460 Towneley Plays 347.225, 348.258. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 5709 As true as (any, the) Steel 185[30]. cl500 Lover's Farewell in Bobbins cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 213.128. 1509 Barclay Ship I 4[10]. al533 Ber167[4]: And wend that scho war treu als stele. ners Arthur 159[17-8]. Tilley S839; Whiting NC cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 83.2338: And to the 481, Scots II 131. dede was as trew as steyl. cl330 Horn Childe 182.298. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1201.5718, 5700 As sharp as Steel В I 73[26]. cl350 Good Wife E 164.80. cl350 1509 Watson Ship U6''[18-9]: A spere more Proprium Sanctorum 106.84. cl375 St. Simon and sharper than stele. al533 Berners Arìhur 170[23St. Jude in Horstmann Legenden 1881 139.139. 4]: Teth . . . as sharp as stele. Taylor and Whitcl380 Chaucer PF 395: The wyse and worthi, ing 352. secre, trewe as stel, cl3S5 TC ν 831, cl386 LGW F 334: any, 2582. cl390 Song of Love 5701 As stable as (any) Steel al325 Cursor III 1414.24708: And held thi stat in Brown Lyrics XIV 180.70: eny. cl390 Verses ai stabil as stele. al449 Lydgate Testament in on the Earthquake of 1382 in Brown Lyrics XIV MP I 344.397: Lyke brotel glasse, not stable nor 187.31. al393 Gower CA III 216.1814: eny. like stell. al460 Towneley Plays 197.70: Syn cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2426-7: As trewe as any steel I have a wyf. al400 Dame Sirith 5.95. thou art stabyll as any steyll. al400 Romaunt В 5146: ony. al400 Song of 5702 As steadfast as Steel Mercy in Brown Lyrics XIV 98.13: any. al400 al350 Nicodemus (Galba) 38.261: This quest Torrent 18.477. cl400 Florence 11.301: any. stedfast als stele. al450 York Plays 247.166. cl400 Laud Troy II 358.12145: any. cI400 Triamour 48.17, 50.116: That ye ar trewe as 5703 As stiff as Steel stele on tree (var. [Percy Folio Manuscript II cl375 Si. Matthew 132.86: Was armed with 84.104]: turtle on the tree). cl408 Lydgate scales stif als stele. al450 How Man's Flesh in Reson 178.6802: any. cl410 Lovelich Grail IV Kail 93.124: Styffere than stel. cl475 Henryson 289.452. al420 Lydgate Troy I 270.4400: any, Testament 123.538. Tilley S839; Whiting Scote 284.4874: any, 11 538.4967, 1420 Temple 36.866: 11 131.

S720

549

eny, cl421 Thebes 61.1450: eny. cl422 Hoccleve Diahg 138.798. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 48.11096. al425 Nicodemus (Additional) 39.261. cI440 St. Christopher 454.5: any. al450 Castle 96.618. al450 Partonope 168.4605, 462.11647, 465.11745. al450 St. Etheldreda 289.289: ony. cl450 Bi a forest in Fumivall Hψnns 96.51: ony. cl450 Good Wife L 199.88. cI450 In Praise of Brunettes in Robbins 31.22: any. al460 Towneley Plays 26.120, 123.226, 138.699. 1460 In the day of faste in English Chronicle 94[2]. 1464 Hardyng 407[5]: any. cI470 Wallace 275.1274. al475 Letter to his Mistress in Robbins 196.12: anne. a1475 Sinner's Lament in Anne L. Leonard Zwei mittelenglische Geschichten am der Hölle (Zürich, 1891) 64.215: any. al475 Vision of Philibert 26[13]. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 116.1637. al500 Al tho that list in Bannatyne IV 65.17. al500 Christ's Resurrection in Archiv 79(1887) 442.93. al500 Eger H 243.1003: the. al500 Good Wife A 219.95-6: Thofe that thei wer all trew As any stele that bereth hew. al500 Greene Carols 400 {refrain)·. Warnen be as trew as stele (ironic). alSOO Guy* 102.3207-8. al500 Merchant and hü Son in Hazhtt EPP I 146.194: any. alSOO Think Before You Speak in Brown Lyrics XV 280.14: eny. 1504 Hawes Example Cc3''[ll]. al513 Dunbar Welcome 49.14: ony. 1557 Heywood BS 273.32. Apperson 647; Oxford 672; Taylor and Whiting 352; Tilley S840; Whiting Drama 327:309, Scots II 131.

Stepmother

gesundful to {lœre hySe. See E8I, 158, H363, P39. 5716 Stench of garlic voids stench of dunghills (varied) al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa JJ viii'^[l. 3-7]: And though noo good odoure be contrary to the other, yet some stenche is contrary to a nother stenche. For the stenche of Garlyk is contrari to the stenche of a dounghylle. cl477 Norton Ordinal 71[20-3]: This olde opinion you maie teach your Brother, How noe good Odour is contrary to another; But it is not soe of stinking smells. For stinch of Garlick voydeth stinch of Dunghills. MED gar-lec 1 (c); Tilley S556. 5717 To be a Stepchild (-son) cl410 Hoccleve Balade 1 58.23: Let me no stepchyld been. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 55.30: He dealeth with me as hardely as I were his stepsone. 5718 To be a Stepdame cl450 Pilgrimage LM 104[29-30]: She is more stepdame to pilgrimes than kyte to chekenes, 185[17]. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 209.2967-8: Stepdame to al foies.

5719 To be a Stepfather Cisco Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 123[3-4]: Hir steffader cal I the Fend, For igain hir es he unhende. с 1383 Grete Sentence in Wyclif S £ W I I I 335[16]: This weiward steffadris of mennus soulis. cl489 Caxton Ауггюп I 5710 As trust (trusty) as (any) Steel 83.16-7: It is no love of a natureill fader, but al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 60[24]: And his it is rigoure of a stepfader. sonnes bothe tille him war trost als stele. al400 Romaunt В 5146: As trust . . . as ony stel. 5720 To be a Stepmother (varied) cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 5711 To endure better than the Steel 123[10-2]: Hir stepmoder that dos hir wa, Hir alSOO Jeaste 215.288: He endureth better than stepmoder es fleys liking. That til hir stepfader doth the Steele. wil hir bring. cl300 South English Legendary 5712 To trist (trust) as to the Steel I 110.10: For stepmoder is selde god. cl330 al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 488.14060: Til Seven Sages A 9.249-50: And thoughte, so stephym he tryste as to the stel. See S708. moder doth In to falsenesse tome soth, 26. 679-80: Hit nis non hale To leve stepmoderes 5713 As great as any Steer tale, 39.979-80. al375 William 10.130-2: Than cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2148-9: White alauntz. studied sehe stifly as stepmoderes wol alle To Twenty and mo, as grete as any steer. do demly a despit to here stepchilderen; Fethli 5714 To look like a wild Steer a-mong foure schore unnethe findestow on gode, cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 99.120-1: Men 132.4099: And strived stifli with hire-self as seyden, I loked as a wilde steer. And so my stepmoderes wol alle. 1385 Usk 144.85-6: My loke abowt I gan to throwe. dui wit is hindred by stepmoder of foryeting. al387 Higden-Trevisa I 5[12-3]: Forgetingnes 5715 Hery (praise) the Steersman but not before all wey kypinge the craft of a stepdamme, he is he comes safe to the hithe (port) enmy of mynde. cl390 Mary and the Cross clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 560[22-3]: Hera Sene 613.62-3: Tre unkynde, thou schalt be kud; Mi steorman, ac na swa-í5eah шгбап бе he becume

Sterling

550

soné step-Moder, I the calle. al400 Gaytryge Sermon in Perry Religious Pieces 14.10: Stepmodire and stamerynge agaynes gude thewes. al400 Romaunt В 5472-3: And plongeth hem in poverte. As a stepmoder envyous. cl400 Beryn 40-1.1281-3: Ffor now, I am in certen, I have a Stepmodir: They been shrewis som,—ther been but few othir,—Vel flkil flaptaill, 72.2359-60. cl408 Lydgate Reson 44.1647-9: Al thogh ful selde, as men may se, That stepmodres kynde be To children bom out of wed-lok, a1439 Fall I 65.2348: Lik a stepmooder avenged for to be, 134.4811, 217.642-4, II 330.29-30, 440.3980: Wil is a stepmoder of witt and of resoun, 477.150-1, 670.3047, III 687.477, al449 VeHu in MP II 838.83-4. aI449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 21.664-5. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 38[16]: I am not to the as a bytter stepmoder, cÌ483 Dialogues 33.2-3: She said that never stepfadre Ne stepmodre were good. 1483 Quatuor Sermones 35[27-8]: Ydelnesse . . . is . . . stepmoder to goodnes. cl489 Caxton Aymon I 131.5-6: I am not a moder but a stepmoder. cl500 ?Bradshaw Radegunde 4[16]. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 186.154. NED Stepmother Ic; Tilley H374. See F520, S257. 5721 From Sterling to Stranaver al513 Dunbar Of a Dance 60.13: To seik fra Sterling to Stranaver.

S721

5728 Small Sticks burn first cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 390.12436-7: Thou seest stykkes that are smale. They brenne fyrst, feyre and shyre. Apperson 373: Little; O^ord 375. 5729 With silver Stick one can grave gold с1250 Hendyng О 194.15: Mid selvrene stikke me shal gold graven. Kneuer 66; Schleich 253-4; Singer III 128. 5730 To stumble at the Stile al352 Minot 4.87-8: The Scottes gaudes might no thing gain. For all thai stumbilde at that stile. NED Stile sb.i lb. 5731 You would be over the Stile ere you come to it 1528 More Heresyes 209 B[9-10]: We be now gone over the style or we come at it, 1533 Confutación 666 G[2-3]: How he jugleth himself over the style ere he come at it. 1546 Heywood D 97.238: Ye would be over the style, er ye come at it. Apperson 602; Oxford 482; Tilley S856. 5732 Better wisely to be Still than foolishly to speak 1485 Caxton Charles 93.4-6: It is better a man wysely to be stylle than folysshly to speke. See E177, S77.

5722 Where a good Steward is seldom any riches want 5733 He that holds him Still gives consent al500 Good Wife A 217.17-8: For wher that a (varíed) gode stowerde is, Wantys seldom any ryches. cl384 Wyclif Church and her Members in SEW III 349[10-1]: For oo maner of consent is, whanne 5723 As dry as a Stick al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ΖΓ[2.33-4]: a man is stille and tellith not. cl385 Usk And drye as is ( for it) were a stycke. Svartengren 36.66-7: Lo eke an olde proverbe amonges many other: "He that is stille semeth as he graunted." 300; Taylor and Whiting 353. cl405 Mum 49.743-5: And also in cuntrey hit is a comune speche And is y-write in Latyne, 5724 As stiff as a Stick al475 Ludus Coventriae 144.260: Styff as a leme hit who-so wil: The reason is "qui tacet consentire videtur." cl412 Hoccleve Regement stykke. Cf. Svartengren 263. 112.3092-4: Nat a worde dare he crake; And 5725 As still as dry Sticks for he naght ne seith, he his assent yeveth therto, cl375 Si. Andrew in Horstmann Legenden 1881 by mannes Jugement. al450 Partonope 467. 7.230: Als dry stykkes than stode thai still. 11783-4: This proverbe was seide full longe a-go: 5726 As thick as Sticks in a hedge (crow's nest) "Who so holdeth hym still dothe assent." al460 Toumeley Plays 232.143-4: Et omnis qui tacet al300 Aiisaunder247.4431-2: The speres craketh also thicke So on hegge sere stykke. al300 hie consentire videtur. al470 Parker Dives Arthour and M} 256.9171-4: Heveden, fet and T7''[1.37-2.3]: For as the lawe sayth. Qui tacet armes ther Lay strewed everi wher Under stede consentire videtur. He that is styll and wyll fet so thicke. In crowes nest so dothe the sticke. not saye the treuthe whan he sholde saye it, he semeth that he consenteth to falsenesse. Apper5727 The more Sticks the greater the fire son 571; Jente 297; Oxford 589; Taylor and al396(1494) Hilton Scale Мг" {by error Κ2η Whiting 333; Tilley S446; Whiting Scots II 125. [16-7]: For the more styckes are layed to the fyre: the gretter is the fyre. See W560. 5734 Still (calm) after storm

S755

551

Stone

al200 Ancrene 191.2-3: Thu laverd, the makest 5744 Of cursed Stock comes unkind blood cl421 Lydgate Thebes 43.1014: Of Cursid stok stille efter storm. Oxford 4. See S278, 797. cometh unkynde blood. See T465. 5735 To drop (run) like a Stillatory cl395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] 580-1: His forheed 5745 One might as well stir a Stock as a stone dropped as a stillatone, Were ful of plantayne al45e York Plays 301.267: A man myght as wele and of paritorie. 1537 Norfolk to Crumwell in stere a stokke as a stone. State Papers Published Under the Authority of His Majesty's Commission, V: King Henry the 5746 Stockstill cl475 Colagros 4.108: Stok still as ane stane. Eighth, Part IV, cont. (1836) 104[18-9]: My NED Stock still. noose dothe contynewally ron like a styllitorie. 5747 To go no more than a Stock 5736 As many as Stitches in a shirt cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 34.28: cl440 Charles of Orleans 107.3199: More joy That he ne mighhte non more thane a stok: then ther be stichis in my shert. a fot of that stude gon. 5737 As hard as a Stithy 1509 Watson Ship Aa4''[10-1]: The herte also 5748 To lie like a Stock harde as a stedye. al533 Berners Huon 380.20-1: cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 34.31: Yf his body were harder than a stethy of stele. He liet him Ugge thare ase astok. 1522 More Treaty ce 80 D[4-5]: Lye specheles as a dead Svartengren 260. stock, F[8]. 5738 As blind as (any) Stock cl408 Lydgate Reson 141.5381: But is as blynde 5749 Who lacks a Stock his gain is not worth as stok. al450 St. Editha 80.3567-8: Bot they a chip weron as blynd alle bothe y-wys As ever was 1546 Heywood D 94.140: Who lackth a stocke, his gaine is not woorth a chip. Apperson 348; ony stok. Oxford 347; Tilley S866. 5739 As dead as a Stock 5750 As wrinkled as a Stockfish cl300 South English Legendary II 589.102: He fel doun dad as a stok. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng cl515 Barclay Eclogues 8.241: And as a stockfishe wrinkled is my skinne. 34.940: And fyl hym self ded as a stok. 5751 A Stockfish bone gives a light in darkness 5740 As dry as a (any) Stock cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 286.9107-8: But was {i.e., don't count on looks) as drye, with al the haunche, As of a stok were al449 Lydgate Mydsomer Rose in MP II 781.13: ryve a braunche. cI450 Idley 209.345: Whych A stokfyssh boon in dirknesse yevith a light. was drye as any stok or tre. See T454. 5752 A full Stomach may not be holy 5741 As dumb as (a) Stock cl450 La Tour-Landry 8.10-1: For a full aI420 Lydgate Troy 1 301.5475: The ydole, stomake may not be holy and perfitly humble doumbe as stok, al430 Pilgrimage 558.20921: and devoute. Cf. Tilley B285. See B243. But ys as dowmb as stok, 1439 St. Albon 150. 1380: Domme as a stocke. Whiting Scots II 132. 5753 A full Stomach regards a honeycomb as nothing 5742 As stiff as Stock {etc.) (A number of single al500 Leconfield Proverbs 485[l-2]: A full quotations are brought together here) stomake a honycome regardithe no thinge, But al300 Arthour and M.i 110.3855: Arthour on a sowre morseli is swete where hunger in conhors sat stef so stok, 223.7970. cl408 Lydgate straynynge. See F604, H643. Reson 168.6411: But ben as deffe as stok, al420 Troy III 763.6786: Harder . . . than . . . stok. 5754 To take something sore at one's Stomach cl425 St. Elizabeth ofSpalbek 115.14: Alle-starke {i.e., become annoyed) as a stok. 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 150.1387: Of 1482 Cely Papers 131[6-7]: The wyche y undertonge (mewet) as any stocke. stond ye taked sor at yowre stomak. NED Stomach 6. Cf. Tilley S874. 5743 Loath Stock (stake) stands long cl450 Rylands MS.394 108.5: Loth stok longe 5755 All Stones that shine (of) color inde {indigo) stondes. Tnmculus hostilis dat longo tempore are not sapphires vilis. 1546 Heywood D 66.13: The lothe stake al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 481.307-8: Nor standeth longe, 1555 E 193.271. Apperson 325: stoonys all bi natur, as I fynde. Be nat saphires ill; Oxford 617; Tilley S812. that shewe colour ynde. See C282.

Stone

S756

552

5756 As bare as (a) Stone cl415 Middle English Sermons 182.39: Thei shall make the as bare as . . . stone. cl440 St. Christopher 465.894: Als . . . bare als es a stane. 5757 As blind as (the, any, a) Stone cl300 South English Legendary II 372.212: As blind as the sten. аХЗЗО Legend of Mary 501. 145: Yif thou be blinde as ani ston. cl330 Seven Sages A 107.2349: He becam blind so ston, 207.1659: any, al350 С 89.2607: a. cI375 St. Anastasia in Horstmann Legenden 1881 27.162: any. cl375 St. Cristine in Horstmann Legenden 1881 96.296: any. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2156: a. al400 Romaunt В 3703. cl408 Lydgate Reson 141.5381. al425 Hayle, bote of bale in Wheatley MS. 8.77: any. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 264.9573: a, 270.9834: a. al450 Si. Editha 80.3567-8: ony. al450 St. Etheldreda 305.1020: ony. al450 York Plays 212.356: any. al460 Towneley Plays 360.206: any. S757a Stone-blind al400 Scotüsh Legends I 196.230: And to stane blynde gef als the sycht, 234.420: He worde stane-blynde in-to haste, II 342.1322. 1456 Hay Law 19.6-7. Taylor and Whiting 355; Whiting Scots II 133.

Richard 121.798: He fel doun ded as ony ston, 125.868: ony. cl300 Havelok 89.2649: ani. cl300 St. Alexius 185.512: a. cl300 South English Legendary I 248.44, 11 375.48: the, 706.238: a, {Laud) 368.48: any. al325 Cursor II 690 CG 12028, 1102.19258, III 1561.28661. cl330 Tars 47 A 582: the. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 44[27]: any. cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 40.366: eny. cl369 Chaucer BD 1300-1, cI370 Pity 16: a. al393 Cower CA II 204.2741: eny. С 1 3 9 5 Chaucer CT V[F] 474: a. al400 Childhood of Christ in Horstmann Sammlung 106.415: а. al400 Cursor II 962 FGT 16832. al400 Destruction of Troy 139.4281: a. cl400 Túndale б.106: one. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 301.102: Ony, III 193.98, IV 284.278: Ony, Merlin III 677.25486: ony, 735.27714. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 65.1804-5: Myn hert is also deed as is a stoon; Nay, ther 1 faile, a stoon no thyng ne felith, cl422 Lerne to Die 205.714: a. al425 Arthour and M.^ 336.1347: any. al425 Blood of Hayles in Horstmann Legenden 1881 277.140: a. al425 Northern Passion 142 CGg 55": any. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 558.20927, al449 Dan Joos in MP 1 313.68: a. al450 Generydes A 141.4528-9: a, 252.8151-2: a. al450 Partonope 352.8658: any. al450 St. Editha 44.1939: ony, 74.3319. al470 Malory I 208.19-20: a. al475 Banester Guiscardo 34.557. alSOO Alexius (Cotton) 62.300: ony. al500 Court of Love 435.995. al500 Eger H 207.429: any. cl500 Arthour and M.^ 462.1286: any. Taylor and Whiting 355; Whiting Scots II 132.

5758 As cold as (a, any) Stone al300 Latemest Day in Brown Lyrics Xlll 47.21: Thenne liit the cleyclot cold alse an ston, 51.37. cl300 South English Legendary I 21.80: This child Ugge ded so cold so eny ston, {Laud) 183.80: a, 388.386: ani. cl325 Charter of Christ С in Vernon II 641.124. cl330 Gregorius S759a Stonenlead 141 A 798: ani. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В al300 Arthour and M.^ 200 7116: Al so he stef I 56[24]: any. 1340 Ayenbite 242[14]: a. 1369 and stan-ded were. cl300 Havelok 60.1815: So Chaucer BD 123. cl400 Vices and Virtues that he stan-ded fel thor dune. cl300 South 268.27: a. aI420 Lydgate Troy I 267.4292-3: English Legendary I 21.76, 161.26. al325 Bonaany, II 554.5533: any, al422 Life 456.384. al425 ventura Meditations (1) 32.1030: Truly y am Alexius (Laud 463) 51.316. al437 Kingis Quair stonede (var. stone) dede for ay. cl375 Barbour 74.103[4]. al450 Partonope 20.741: any. cl450 Bruce I 180.471. al400 Morte Arthure 112.3823. Owayne Miles {Cotton Caligula) 117.316: ony. al400 Scottish Legends II 404.237, 406.276, 1484 Caxton Royal Book T6'[5]: a. al500 Knight 438.214, 222. al400 Alexander Buik I 37.1164, IV of Curtesy 3.66: any. al500 Nut Brown Maid 387.9398, 394 cont. 9637. cl400 Beryn 42.1341: 178[2]: any, 179.70: any. 1506 Barclay Castell Staff dede in swowe. al500 Miracles of B.V. in A6''[14]: ony, 1509 Ship I 296[4], 1515 St. PMLA 38(1923) 362.25. Taylor and Whiting George 41.824. Apperson 106; Taylor and Whit- 355-6; Whiting Drama 327:313, Scots II 132. ing 355; Tilley S876; Whiting Drama 327:313, 8760 As deaf as (a) Stone Scots II 132. cl408 Lydgate Reson 168.6411: But ben as deffe as . . . ston. al467 Musyng in Rawlinson 5759 As dead as (a, any, the) Stone cl280 Southern Passion 18.498: Ar he lygge as MS. С 813 326.55: A wretched prest as deeffe ded as ston. al300 Arthour and M.i 98.3456. nere as a stoune. Taylor Comparisons 33; Tilley al300 Meidan Maregrete 493.149: The godes S877. that tou levest on are dede ase a ston. al300 S76I

As dull as Stone

S766

553

al513 Dunbar Of Discretioun in Asking 32.9: Sowld haif ane heirar dull as stane. Whiting Scots II 132. 5762 As dumb as (the, a, any) Stone c l 3 3 0 St. Margaret 229.162: Thine godes thatow levest on er dom so the ston. cI330 Seven Sages A 198.504: To be dethe {?for deafe) and dome as a ston. c l 3 8 0 Chaucer HF 656: And, also domb as any stoon, c l 3 8 7 - 9 5 CT I[A] 774: a. al400 Cursor II 788 F 13739. al400 Romaunt В 2409: a. cl400 Gowther 150.389: any. cI412 Hoccleve Regement 54.1496-7. al420 Lydgate Troy I 301.5475, II 515.4177: any. III 671.3632: any, 1420 Temple 49.1184: eny. al425 Blissed be thaw. Baptist in Wheatley MS. 17.70. aI430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 558.20921, al449 Fabula in MP II 513.815: ony. al475 Mergarete 238. 258-9: any. Taylor and Whiting 356; Whiting Ballad 31. 5763 As hard as (the, any, a) Stone(s) aSOO Cynewulf Elene in Vercelli Book 81.565: Heo waeron stearce, stane heardran. clOOO Larspell in Napier 234.20-1: And heo biS swa heard swa stan, 241.24-5. cl200 Orm 1 344. 9878-9: And haethen follkess herrte Iss harrd and starre all alise stan, 346.9927: Thatt all iss harrd swa summ the stan, II 109.13326-40. c l 2 8 0 Southern Passion 59.1598: Whuch is thin heorte, hardour than eny ston? c l 3 0 0 Beves 125.2677: eni. с1300 South English Legendary I 140.106: eny. al325 Bonaventura Meditations (J) 1.12. c l 3 3 0 Degare 80.362 (тог.): His hed harder then the ston. 1340 Ayenbite 242[14]: Hit is hard . . . ase a ston. al349 Rolle Meditations in Allen R. Rolle 26.233-4, 239: the stonys. c l 3 7 5 St. Matthew 137.491. c l 3 7 5 William of Nassington Poem on the Trinity in Perry Religious Pieces 71.296: For my herte es hard als it ware stane. cl386 Chaucer LGW 2554: any. al387 Higden-Trevisa I 261[3]. cl390 Talkyng 18.6: eny. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1990: any. cl395 WBible Isaiah i 7: Y have set my face as a stoon maad hard, Jeremiah V 3: a. al400 Bonaventura Privity in Yorkshire Writers I 203[26]: the. aI400 Jhesu that hast in Brown Lyrics XIV 114.5. al400 Meditations 31.1150: any, 36.1355. al400 Panes Prologue 9.15-6. al400 Scottish Legends 1 403.22. al400 Titus 8.163: the. al400 Wyclif Sermons 1 88[29], II 155[2]. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 268.27: a. c l 4 1 0 Lovelich Grail I 164.608. c l 4 I 2 Hoccleve Regement 169.4695-6: As harde as is a post—A post? Nay, as a stoon—ben hertes now! al415 Mirk Festial 112.28-9. al420 Lydgate Troy 1

Stone 173.988; any, II 404.326: any. III 763.6786, al430 Pilgrimage 108.4105: any, 435.16216: eny, 582.21826: any, 583.21833: a, c l 4 3 0 Dance 2.1 a, al439 Fall II 330.63, 1439 St. Albon 182.1192 any. c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 184.5499, 5507: eny, 5515: For ought y pray y fynde yow but a stoon, 5519: That y may fynde yow softer then a stoon, 200.5952: О hert more hard then roche of any stoon. cl440 Scrope Epistle 31[18]: a. al449 Lydgate Ave Maria! in MP I 282.61: a. Image of Pity in MP I 297.2: the. al450 God's Appeal in Kail 86.27. al450 How Man's Flesh in Kail 93.124. al450 Pety Job in Kail 131.318: a. al450 St. Editha 39.1741: ony. cl450 De Claris Mulieribus 36.735. cl450 Epistle of Othea 38.25: a. c l 4 5 0 In a гюоп tiid in Fumivall Hymns 92.51. c l 4 5 0 Jacob's Well 280.15-6: a, 22-3: Here hertys ben hardere than stonys of gravel, 281.13, 282.21. c l 4 5 0 Seege of Troye 96 A 1215, 116 A 1463: the. al470 Malory II 895.25: the. al475 Ludus Coventriae 268.1054. al475 St. Birgitta 9.33-4: any. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 50.1393. 1481 Caxton Godeffroy 152.3-4, 1483 Golden Legende 115^1.7-8]: a, 1484 Royal Book T6^[5]: a. cl485 Burial and Resurrection 207.1046, 217.1392. c l 4 8 9 Caxton Aymon II 347.26-7: a. cl493 St. Katherin of Senis 98.4: ony. al500 Good Wife N 212.88, 215.188: the. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 177.2-3, 190.32-3. 1509 Watson Ship D d r [ 9 - 1 0 ] . cl515 Barclay Eclogues 80.757: the. Apperson 284; Oxford 278; Taylor and Whiting 356; Tilley S878.

S763a Stone-hard el390 Mary and the Cross 618.222: Jewes stonhard in sinnes merk. NED Stone 19. 5764 As heavy as any (a) Stone al400 Le Morte Α. 24.761: His herte was hevy as Any stone. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 41.952: a. al425 Daily Work in Yorkshire Writers I 148[39]: a. c l 4 5 0 Capgrave Katharine 297. 1103-4: a. al470 Parker Dives R4^'[2.26]: a. Whiting Scots II 132. 5765 As mute as a (any) Stone cl408 Lydgate Reson 82.3081: Muet as hyt wer a stoon, 164.6267, al420 Troy III 863.3156, c l 4 2 1 Thebes 117.2844. cl430 ?Lydgate Compleynt 59.50: But stonde mut as any stone. 1439 Lydgate Sf. Albon 150.1387: any. 8766 As naked as a Stone c l 4 4 0 St. Christopher 465.894: Als nakede . . . als es a stane. al450 York Plays 347.313: But naked as a stone be stedde. c l 4 5 0 Greene Carols 336.7.

Stone

554

S766a

S772 As still as (any, a, the) Stone S7e6a Stone-naked al400 Meditations 46.1762: He stand stan-naked cl200 St. Katherine (Royal) 58.1253: Ah seten lym and lith. al500 Miroure of Mans Salvacionne stille ase stan. сХЗОО Amis 54.1273: That knight 77[11]: And ye tirved him stone naked. NED gan hove stille so ston, 93.2318(шг.): He loked the dore as stylle as ston. cl300 Becket I Stone 19. 52.1048: This holi man him wende forth, as 5767 As sad (firm) as (any) Stone stille as eni ston. cl300 Havelok 34.928: Also cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 130.558-9: As sad as stille als a ston, 66.1997: Ugge stille so doth any stone His herte set is and nat change can. the ston, 70.2109: the, 83.2475: the. сХЗОО aI425 Rolle Psalter 2.46: Every word is sad as South English Legendary I 193.376: eni, 349.32: stone. cl425 Speculum Sacerdotale 33.1: For a, II 569.110. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 82. thow art Pete, scilicet, sadde as stone. Whiting 2288, 200.6186: a. al325 Cursor II 402.6958, Scots II 132. 696.12156, 740.12881, III 1232.21548, 1392. 24327. al325 Otuel and Roland 107.1542: ony. 5768 As sicker as (a) Stone cl330 Degare 82.384: a. cl330 Gregorius 87 A cl400 Alexander Buik I 10.303-4: Thairfor be 401. cl330 Otuel 79.491, 113.1641-2: And also we als sikker all As stane closit in castell wall. stille as a ston The squier lep to horse a non. 1415 Hoccleve Oldcastle I 15.205: As siker as cl330 Rouland 51.525: ani. cl330 St. Margaret stoon, cl422 Leme to Die 198.529: They deemen 230.205: ani. cl330 Seven Sages A 196.345: a. stonde as siker as a stoon. сХЗЗО Tars 48 A 635, 49 A 659. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 277.7885, В I 219[6]. al350 Mono5769 As stable as (a, any, the) Stone logue of a Drunkard in Robbins 106.10: any. al400 Wyclif Sermons 1 129[27]: Stable as a cl350 Ah у yod in Thomas Wright ed. Langstoon. al439 Lydgate Fall III 890.2397: In suich toft (RS 47, 1868) II 454[9]: the. cl350 Gamelyn a mene stable as eny ston, 1439 St. Albon 651.263, 655.395: eny, 423: ony. al375 Octavian 144.1009: any, al449 Benedic in MP I 6.138: (S) 7.185-6. 01375 St. Peter and St. Paul 67.304, any. Misericordias in MP I 77.191: a. Prayers 78.174. cl380 Chaucer HF 1605, cl385 TC ii in MP I 123.70: a. Procession in MP I 39.123: 600: any, 1494: any, iii 699, iv 354, ν 1729, the, St. Ursula in MP I 144.6: a. al450 St. cl386 LGW F 310: any. cl386 St. Erkenwald Editha 95.4290: ony. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 9.219: the. al387 Higden-Trevisa II 369[2]. 117.110: ony, 301.1251: the. cl450 Lover's cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3472. cl390 Gregorius Mass 101[4]: Trewe of herte, stable as ston. 74.596. с1390 Maiden Mary in Brown Lyrics al475 St. Birgitta 9.33-4: any. XIV 183.68. cl390 Mercy Passes All Things in Brovm Lyrics XIV 125.16: eny. cl390 Miracles 5770 As steadfast as (the, any, a) Stone(s) of Our Lady 166.6. cl390 Sir Gawain 71.2293: cl200 Orm II 170.15070-3: Forr Jesu Crist is the. cl390 Tars 47 V 543: a. al393 Cower CA wiss thurrh Stan О feie bokess tacnedd, Forr II 84.1794: eny, 93.2104: eny, 153.846-7: eny. Crist iss Strang, and stedefasst, And findig, and cl395 Chaucer CT 1V[E] 121, 1818, V[F] 171: unnfakenn. al325 Cursor II 372.6430: That any. al400 Alexander С 9.263: a, 233.4312: a. held tham stedfastli (G: stedfast) als stan. al387 al400 Ancrene {Recluse) 58.4-5: a. al400 Chestre Higden-Trevisa II 369[2]: As stedfast as stones. Launfal 63.357: any. al400 Cursor II 372 FT al400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley MS. 6430: eny, 819 Τ 14279. al400 How to Hear 49.723: To be stidefast as is the stoon. al425 Mass 493.9. 503.369. al400 Ipomadon A 104. Blissed be thow. Baptist in Wheatley MS. 15.21. 3617: anny, 187.6545: anny, 220.7704. al400 cl445 ?Lydgate Kalendare in MP I 373.281: Meditations 14.524. al400 Melayne 16.472: any. any. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 104.1291. cl400 Beryn 21.653: ony, 98.3265. cl400 Laud alSOO Richardoime in Lapidaries 60.7: Nat Troy II 361.12266: any, 533.18097. cl400 Sowvariable ne movyng, but as a stidefast stone, done 73.2537. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune 14, 21, 42, 56. al500 Throwe a towne in Sandi- 12.233. cl400 Toulouse 254.757: any. cl405 son 122.50: Trewe, stedfaste as stone yn wall. Mum 49.755: a, 51.826: a. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 297.713: A, 417.436: a. III 35.546: ony. 1410 Walton Boethius 48[15]. al420 Lydgate Troy I 5771 As stiff as (a) Stone al425 Chester Plays II 380.213: Then shall they 230.2990: any, II 515.4177: any, 1420 Temple after be stifiFe as stonne. al450 St. Editha 67. 29.689: eni, cl421 Thebes 139.3388, al422 Life 3013: Bot this schrene stode there stille as styff 585.390: any. al425 Abide in Brown Lyrics as stone. cl450 St. Cuthbert 143.4854: a. al460 XIV 59.9. al425 For Metyng of theves in Towneley Plays 270.399. Svartengren 263.

S776

555

Speculum 33(1958) 372.19: any (cf. Speculum 34(1959) 637.22). al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 96.3340: a. a l 4 2 5 Mirk Instructions 24.777. c l 4 2 5 St. Elizabeth of Spalbek 112.28. cl425 Seven O's in Brown Lyrics XV 90.18: any. cl433 Lydgate Sf. Edmund 434.1212. al437 Kingis Quair 65,72[6]: any. al440 De Miraculo Beate Marie 504.75. aI449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 513.815: ony. al450 Castle 87.345, 127. 1700. al450 Qenerydes A 35.1118: any, 169. 5425. al450 Northern Passion 74 C D d 735: any. al450 Partonope 34.1282: any, 41.1525: a, 100. 3091: eny, 464.11705: any. al450 Si. Editha 34.1527, 66.2949, 84.3777: ony, 95.4290: ony. al450 Si. Etheldreda 305.1016: ony. al450 Seven Sages В 15.407: a, 16.427: a, 34.980, 37.1068-9: a, 47.1347: a, 1351, 66.1930: a, 98.2901-2. al450 South English Legendary {Bodley) 393.290. al450 York Plays 108.194, 146.4, 286.372: a, 303.311: a. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 243.1190: the, 336.2301: ony. cl450 Childhood of Christ in Archiv 74(1885) 334.524: any. cl450 Greene Carols 236.5: ony. cl450 Idley 148.2521: ony, 170.726: ony, 176.1103. cl450 Northern Passion 154 A 2 3 1 ' - 2 · : a. cl450 Robin Hood and the Monk in Child III 98.31: any. cl450 Three Kings of Cologne in Archiv 129(1912) 57.287. al460 Towneley Plays 35.406, 39.525: a, 78.6, 222.561: any, 258.2: Stand as styll as stone in Wall, 327.60-1: He stud as still, that bright. As stone in wall. al475 Guy^ 103.3585: a. c l 4 7 5 Golagros 4.108: ane. 1493 Seven Wise Masters 71[7]: a. al500 Basyn 49.127: any. al500 Beves I06[4]: eny. alSOO Chaucer's Dreme in Speght's Chaucer 358''[1.53]. aI500 Greene Carols 399.2: a. alSOO Guy* 17.235: a, 105.3303. alSOO Our Lady's Imprecation in Brown Lyrics XV20.61·. eny, 22.103. al500 Prayer of the Holy Name in Brown Lyrics XV 191.5: eny. alSOO ?Ros La Belle Dame 319.656. aI500 Thoythis fre in MLN 69(1954) 155.2: any. cI500 Lady Bessy 29[30]: any, 47[19]: any. Cisco Lancelot 31.1032: ony. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 81.10. Apperson 602; Taylor and Whiting 356; Tilley S879; Whiting Scots II 133. S772a Stone-still al200 Ancrene 212.12: Ye sitten with Marie Stan stille ed godes fet. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 452.13034: And held Petron al ston(e) stille, В II 266[13]: Bot hold tham stone stille in pes at ther cuntre. al350 Seven Sages С 134.3994. cl350 Gamelyn 646.67. aI352 Minot 5.32. cl390 Sir Gawain 8.242. a l 4 0 0 Childhood of Christ in Horstmann Sammlung 107.482. al400 Hunting of the Hare 281.42. al400 Ipomadon A

Stone 48.1603, 157.5488, 239.8416. aI400 Perceval 27.841. aI400 Scottish Legends I 21.491, 192.79, II 33.1143, 452.340, 456.481. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy 1200.6788,201.6819,264.8949, II 503.17099-100. c l 4 0 0 Scottish Troy 276.1757. cl420 Wyntoun V 342.2583, VI 328.741. c l 4 2 5 Si. Elizabeth of Spalbek 115.36. 1449 Metham 60.1635. al450 Seven Sages В 59.1735. al450 York Plays 127.28, 248.175, 294.65, 300.243, 307.2, 337.2. cI450 Richard 90.218 (var.). aI460 Towneley Plays 78.12, 123.232, 125.280. aI470 Malory I 164.17. a l 4 7 5 Gui/2 288.10027. al500 St. Anne (3) 120.293. 1534 More Comforte 1181 Н[4-5]. 1562 Heywood E 231.14.6. N E D Stone-still; Whiting Scots II 133.

5773 As sure as Stone cl450 Idley 109.44: With harte and thought as sure as stoone. 5774 As true as (a, any) Stone al300 Tristrem II 6.115: Rohand trewe so stan, 10.270. a l 3 2 5 Cursor III 1282 C F G 22409: And stabili agh we tru als stan. cl350 Good Wife E 162.74 (H: the). al350 Proprium Sanctorum 105.30-1. cl380 Pearl 30.822. c l 3 9 0 Sir Gawain p. viii[ll]. al400 Ipomadon A 84.2903. al400 Or Crist into Claudes in PMLA 70(1955) 217.12: a. al400 Romaunt В 5248. al450 Audelay 12.59: ane, 205.18: To him thou art treu as ston in wal. al450 Boke of Curtasye (Sloane) 318.592: any. aI460 Towneley Plays 38.515: Thou art trew for to trist as ston in the wall, 356.106: any. c l 4 7 5 How a Merchant 118.17, 119.53. al500 Ballad in Rei. Ant. I 28[18]. Whiting Drama 328:313, Scots II 133. 5775 As unmovable (unmoving) as a Stone cI395 WBible Exodus xv 16: Be thei maad unmovable as a stoon. a l 4 2 5 Mandeville (Egerton) 56.13: Be thai unmouvand as a stane. See S692. 5776 As unstirrable as a Stone (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) cl340 Rolle Psalter 506 (Song of Moses [I] 19): Made be thai unstirabil as a stane. cl378 ?Purvey De Officio Pastorali in Wyclif EW 443[29]: Othere men ben drye as stoons. al400 Destruction of Troy 99.3035-7: Hir ene . . . Shynyng full shene as . . . any staring stone that stithe is of vertue, 129.3986: Hir ene flamyng fresshe, as any fyne stones. cl408 Lydgate Reson 12.436: Bryghter than ston. al425 Mirk Instructions 21.653-4: That sacrament mote nede be done, Of a bysschope nede (Pneedy) as ston. al460 Towneley Plays 246.99: Truly as stone. al500 Squire 33.712: Nowe are ye pale as any stone. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 2.40: Voyd of curage,

Stone

556

and dolf (dull) as ony stane. 1556 Heywood Spider 148[18]: The ant scivile, you sturdy as the stone. 5777 He that throws a Stone on high it falls on his head cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus xxvii 28: If a man throwith a stoon an high, it schal falle on his heed. Tilley S889. 5778 A little Stone may gar welter (cause to overturn) a mickle wain cl375 Barbour Bruce I 272.24-5: A litill stane oft, as men sayis. May ger weltir ane mekill wane. Apperson 373; Tilley S884. See T137. 5779 Of cold Stone men may smite fire cl450 Idley 141.2070: Ffor of coolde stone men may smyte fire. Tilley F371. 5780 One may spit on a Stone so long that it will be wet at last cl450 Douce MS.52 56.129: So long thou may, spitt on the ston, that hit wil be wet. cl450 Rylands MS.394 107.8-9: So longe thu may, on the stone spete. That at the laste, it woll be wete. Tilley S887. See D412.

S777 Also he Sprunge of stone. cl300 Robert of Gloucester 1 487.6721: As bar as wo seith of the kunde, as he sprong of the stone. cl300 South English Legendary (Laud [Cotton Jul. D ix]) 396.106: Al naketh and bar of alle gode as ich sprong out of the stone. al350 Edward the Confessor 6.173-4: Tho was seint edward bileveth as ho seith alone. As bar as ho seith of the bende as he sprong out of the stone. al400 Perceval 34.1042-3: Than he rydes hym allane. Als he ware sprongen of a stane. al400 Scotüsh Legends II 82-3.472-5: Allace! allace! wa is me! That wyf has tynt and bamis fre, As thing wes sprongyn of the stan, Allace! I am ful wil of wane. cl425 Good Wife H 169.159: But as bare as thou come from the harde ston. NED Stone 16e; Oxford 616. See G477.

5786 To stand like a Stone alOOO Judgement Day in ASMP 63.174: And {)asr staent astifad, stane gelicast. al400 Awntyrs 125.109: It stode als a stane. al400 Cursor II 889 Τ 15525-6: But I have preyed for thi feith: That hit stonde as stoon. al400 Guy^ xxxiv[17]: Wot as a Stan than stud tay stile. al450 York Plays 356.217: He made us stände as any stones.

5781 To fall like (a) Stone(s) 5787 To drive (break) as Stone does the glass al300 Meidan Maregrete 495.216: Thou fai into (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought helle, so ston deet into welle! al338 Mannyng together here) Chronicle В II 305 [24]: To stand non ne degh, al325 Flemish Insurrection 117.39: Al hem to bot felle doun als stones. cl375 Chaucer Auel. dryven ase ston doth the glas. cl350 Libeaus 170: To groimde ded she falleth as a ston, 55.988-90: This yinge, ferly frek Sit in his sadell cl390 CT II[B] 670: a. al398(1495) Bartholosteke As ston in castell wall, с1395 WBible maeus-Trevisa AS^'il.SS]: a. al400 Ipomadon A Exodus XV 5: Thei yeden doun in to the depthe 96.3318: a. as a stoon. al450 Pride of Life in Waterhouse 91.101-2: The cors that nere knewe of care, 5782 To roast a Stone 1522 Skelton Why Come II 30.109: Or elles go No more then stone in weye.

rost a stone. 1546 Heywood D 63.43-4: I doo 5788 What the Stone hears that shall the oak but roste a stone In warmyng hir. Apperson 533; answer Oxford 545; Tilley S892. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 10[12]: What the stone heryth, that shall t(h)e оке answere. 5783 To see no more than a Stone See P317. al350 Edward the Confessor 28.809: Ne mighte ise tho he a-woc no more than a ston. al430 5789 Better to bear the Stone Barrow than be Lydgate Pilgrimage 267.9697-8: Seyng der he matched with a wicked marrow (mate) shold ha noon, Na mor than hath the colde ston. cl475 Henryson Fables 100.2915-7: To the wer better beir the stane barrow. For all thy dayis 5784 To sink like a Stone to delf quhill thow may dre. Than to be machit cl330 St. Margaret 232.260: He sank into erthe, with ane wickit marrow. so ston in draught-welle. cl410 Lovelich Grail III 113.289-90: Into the water they sonken . . . 5790 As cold as a Stone-wall As thowgh it hadde ben . . . ston. 1483 Caxton al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 272.9880: But ded Golden Legende 359''[1.33-4]: Sänke doun to and cold as a ston wal. the bottom lyke a stone. Whiting Ballad 32. 5791 As stable as a Stone-wall 5785 To spring (be sprung) of (a, the) Stone al449 Lydgate St. Edmund in MP I 126.63: cl225 Horn 59 С 1025-6: Horn him yede alone. Stable as a stoon wall.

S806

557

5792 To move no more than a Stone-wall al533 Berners Huon 749.11-3: For all the stroke Croysant removed no more than tho he had stryken a stone walle. Whiting Scots II 133. See M564, 726, R161, S692, W24.

Straw 1506 Barclay Castell D3''[14]: After a storme the sonne doth shene, cl523 Mirrour 45[27]: After sorest stormes moste eierest ayre we see. Oxford 4; Skeat 154, 182; Smith 278; Tilley S908. See S278, 734.

5793 To stand like (a) Stone-wall 5798 There is no Storm (tempest) that lasts ever clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 194[21-2]: And l^œt al420 Lydgate Troy I 261.4086-7: Ther is no waeter stod him on twa healfa swilce oSer storme that lasten evere. As clerkis wyse in stan-weall, Judith 105.104-5: Swa l^ast {)8et bokis liste disceme, cl421 Thebes 119.2876: wseter astod swylce stanweallas Him on aelce Ther is no tempest may last evere in on. aI500 healfe. Treatise in Heptateuch 30.348-50: And Colyn Blowbol 99.152: Ther ys no storme ne Jjaet waeter stod swilce stanweallas bufan heora tempest ay doth lest. 1523 Berners Froissart heafdum. See W25. II 440[2-5]: They shall wery themselfe and all 5794 Between two Stools the man falls (varied) for nought: for oftentymes whan a storme or 1011 Byrhtferth Manual, ed. S. J. Crawford tempest ryseth in a countre, at last it wasteth (EETS 177, 1929) 96.5-8: Se Se sprycS on away by itselfe. See A75, B19, D340, M587, Frencisc and {)aet ne can ariht gecweSan, se S517, W431. wyrcÔ barbarolexin; swylc he cweSe, inter duo 5799 Stout and rout (i.e., entirely) setles cadet homo, [jonne he sceolde cweöan, al400 Scottish Legends II 269.351-3: Thane gert inter duos sedes. al393 Gower CA II 14.335-7: he his body bere al bare To bestis and foulis Bot it is seid and evere schal, Betwen tuo Stoles that fellon ware. Til ete hyme bath stout and lyth the fai, Whan that men wenen best to sitte, rout. cl450 Alphabet II 443.8: And all the cetie 318.625-7: О fol of alle foies. Thou farst as he burn up stowte and rowte. NED Stoop and betwen tuo stoles That wolde sitte and goth roop. to grounde. al500 Hill 129.31: Betwen two stolis, the ars goth to grwnd. 1546 Heywood D 23.38: 5800 To be Strait-laced While betweene two stooles, my tayle go to 1546 Heywood D 47.209: He is so hy in thingrounde, 1555 E 175.162. Apperson 656; Oxford step, and so straight laste. Tilley S912. 43; Taylor and Whiting 356; Tilley S900. 5801 To sail by the Strand is sickerer than in the 5795 A three-footed Stool fails a man at his tempest al450 Cato (Sidney) 50.587-8: To seile is sekerer most need al450 Castle 154.2599-600: Worldls wele is lyke be the strande Than in the tempest fer seilande. a iii-foted stole; It faylyt a man at hys most See S248, 655. nede. 5802 To seek (put) all faults on Strangers cl450 Foly of Fulys 63.407-8: Thai goif one 5796 Store is no sore strangeris and thai keik, Ande al thar faltis one cl458 Knyghthode and Batalle 10.261: An old thaim thai seik. Jente 263. Cf. Whiting NC proverbe is it: Stoor is not soor. 1471 Ripley 482: Put the stranger near the danger. Compound 186[7]: For wyse men done sey store ys no sore. 1546 Heywood D 26.14: The wise 5803 As thick as Straw man saieth, store is no sore, 1555 E 155.59. cl400 Laud Troy II 383.12995: The Peple lay as Apperson 604; Oxford 623; Tilley S903. thikke as strawe. 5797 After Storms (tempest) the weather is often 5804 Not avail a Straw cl380 Chaucer HF 362-3: Al hir compleynt ne merry (varied) cl385 Usk 23.87-8: After grete stormes the al hir moone, Certeyn, avayleth hir not a stre. weder is often mery and smothe. al410 Love Whiting Scots II 134. Mirrour 42[21-2]: Oure lord god after tempest 5805 Not care a Straw sente softe and mery wedir. al420 Lydgate 1533 Heywood Pardoner Bl''[37]: I care nat for Troy 1 261.4089: For after stormys Phebus the an olde straw, 1556 Spider 123[3]: Thou brighter is, 1420 Temple 17.395-6: And whan needest not care for my will a straw. Oxford the storme is done, ТЪе sonne shineth in his 78; Taylor and Whiting 357; Tilley S917; Whitspare bright. al500 Imitatione (1) 49.32: After ing Drama 365:876, Scots II 134. tempest cometh clerenes. 1502 Imitatione (2) 186.33: After the tempest the fayre wether. 5806 Not costen (cost) a Straw (etc.) (A number

Straw

558

S807

of single quotations are brought together here) cl375 Barbour Bruce I 155.505: He wald nocht cl300 South English Legendary II 407.151: That priss his liff a stra. cl400 Alexander Buik III necostnede worth a strau. al396(1494) Hilton 321.7359-60: Now prys I nocht the oist of Ynd Scale Q2''"''; Thei have no more likinge ne The leist stra that men mycht find. Tilley S917. savour in havynge of hem than of a strawe. al400 Alexander С 122.2165: Than standis in 5812 Not reck a Straw stede noght of a stra all the store stedis. cl400 1369 Chaucer BD 887: Algate she ne roughte Alexander Buik II 143.1652: It semis it deiris of hem a stree. al475 Assembly of Gods 17.560: him nocht ane stra. cI400 Order of Priesthood And yef I never do efte I rekke nat a strawe. in Wyclif EW 172[26]: Thei chargen not a Whiting Scote II 134. straw, a1425 Chester Plays II 326.207: And I 5813 Not set a Straw might not stirr one Stray. 1481 Caxton Reynard al350 Ywain 71.2655: By his sare set he noght 30[9-10]: Alle shalle not helpe yow a strawe, a stra. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 3090[В4280]: cl489 Aymon I 229.7-9: We sholde not doubte I sette nat a straw by thy dremynges. al393 Charlemagne . . . of a strawe. 1513 Douglas Cower CA II 347.1716: For al ne sette I at a Aeneid II 151.141: Syk luf dowe nocht a stra. stre, III 76.4735-6: I sette it at nomore acompte 1532 More Confutación 511 F[7-9]: Against Than wolde a bare straw amonte. al450 Myne makyng of any lawe, this texte serveth frere awen dere 169.638. cl489 Caxton Aymon I Barons a strawe. 1556 Heywood Spider 107[21]: 318.30-1. al500 Imitatione (1) 122.30-1. cl500 Everyman 10.222. cl500 Lyfe of Roberte 229. None advauntage, to the value of a strawe. 264. cl505 Watson Valentine 244.26-7. 1532 5807 Not count three (a) Straw(s) More Confutation 375 D[l-2], 1533 Debellacyon 1369 Chaucer BD 718-9: For he ne counted nat 963 F[4-5]: Set I not .v. strawes. Whiting Drama thre strees Of noght that Fortune koude doo, 365:876. 1237-8: God wot, she acounted nat a stree Of al my tale. cl375 Barbour Bruce I 63.320: That 5814 Not trine (step) over two (a) Straw(s) I count nocht my lyflF a stra. cl420 Wyntoun al450 York Plays 103.13: And may noght wele IV 295.2169-70: I cowntyt noucht the tothir tryne over two strase. 1546 Heywood D twa (Wicis) the walew of a stra. 1509 Barclay 51.325-6: Where thou wilt not step over a Ship II 124[19]: By his hye myght thou countest straw, I thynke. To me the woorth of one nat a strawe. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 135.22: draught of drynke. Tilley 8921. Thy fervent wordis compt I not a stro. Oxford 5815 Not worth a Straw 78. cl300 South English Legendary I 17.44: That 5808 Not dread a Straw ne mowe the helpe worth a stre, 131.80, 324. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 61[26-7]: Ther was no 260. cl350 Libeaus 27.449: Nis nought worth mortal werre ne tournament . . . that thei a stre. cl369 Chaucer BD 671: I holde that dredden a straw, 201[32]: I drede thee nouht a wyssh nat worth a stree. cl380 Ferumbras straw. 74.2229. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1336[В2526], X[I] 601. al393 Cower CA II 244.666-7, 294. 5809 Not esteem a Straw 2538, 429.997. cl400 Vices and Virtues 85.5-6. 1533 More Debellacyon 1010 D[3-7]: I would cl412 Hoccleve Regement 61.1669-70. cl450 not esteme the babbeling . . . the mountenaunce Pilgrimage LM 80[23-4]: And yit is not the vertu of two strawes, 1534 Comforte 1257 C[8-9]: the lasse woorth bi a straw. cl458 Knyghthode Esteme him not at a strawe. and Bataile 42.1135: And leve hym noght, or lite, unworth a stre. al475 Ashby Dicta 74.705. 5810 Not give a (two) Straw(s) al475 Russell Boke 124.100. cl489 Caxton Aycl300 Havelok 12.315: Therof ne yaf he nouht mon I 107.3-4: Ye ben not worth an hanfull of a stra, 18.466. cl300 South English Legendary strawe, 124.26-7. alSOO Coventry Plays 61.896. I 318.79: He(o) ne yaf worth a stre(o). cl380 al500 Greene Carols 380.5, 393.12. cl500 Greene Ferumbras 154.4975. cl400 Laud Troy I 230. Carols 379.9. cl500 Melusine 196.30-1. cl500 7813-4: two strees. cl450 Epistle of Othea Smith 322.22-3. 1509 Barclay Ship I 99[21], 99.1-2. al500 Fraternity 204[4]. al500 Guy* 105[25], 144[7], 249[25], II 48[4], 69[5], 325[10], 181.5953: A straw ne gave that dragon. 1533 cl515 Eclogues 161.577. cl516 Skelton MagnifiHeywood lohan A4''[13]. Oxford 624-5; Taylor cence 43.1378. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 16[28]. and Whiting 357; Tilley S917. 1533 More Debellacyon 989 G[l-2]. 1556 Heywood Spider 198[15]: Not worth two strawse. 5811 Not prize a Straw

S827

559

Strawberries

342[21]: No flie therby winner, the worth of a 5820 To pick Straws straw. Apperson 458; Oxford 624-5; Taylor al496 Rote or Myrour C6'"[7-8]: Rather to pycke and Whiting 357; Tilley S918; Whiting Drama strawes and clatter to his felawes than to lerne 365:876, Scots II 134. the lesson. Tilley S925. 5816 A Straw for (it) cl378 Piers В xiv 251: A strawe for the stuwes! cl385 Chaucer TC ν 362: A straw for alle swevenes signifiaunce! cl395 CT 1V[E] 1567: Straw for thy Senek, V[F] 695: Straw for youre gentillesse! VI1I[G] 925: "Straw!" quod the thridde. cl4I2 Hoccleve Regement 23.622: But straw unto hir reed! 51.1392, 68.1874: Ye straw! let be! 187.5191, cl425 Jonathas 217.49: his wit. al475 Ludus Coventriae 222.377: thi tale. cl497 Medwall Fulgens C4*'[12]: your mockynge. cl499 Skelton Bowge 1 47.459: But, what, a strawe! al500 Croxton Sacrament in Waterhouse 61.125: talis. cI500 Be pes in Stevens Music 339.1[3]: yeur tale. clSOO Skelton Manerly Margery I 28.5: Tully valy, strawe, let be, I say! 10. 1506 Barclay Castell ΕΓ[11]: A strawe, man, let her be despysed, 1509 Ship 1 1(X)[3]: cunnynge wysdome. 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 4.33: thys ignorant blabryng. III 170.41: Stra forto spek of gayt to gentili wight. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 85.877: thy wisdome, 108.40: dreames, 196.398: fables. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 18.549: Tushe, a strawe! 19.564, 1522 Why Come II 39.413: lawe canon, cl522 Colyn I 322.296: Goddes curse. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 18[10]: thy study. cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes 105.414: an halpeny, 418: thi councell! torde a fart! al529 Skelton Elynour I 112.535. 1532 More Confutación 464 С [14]: all that. 1556 Heywood E 137.94.3: Straw for the, quoth the dawe. Tilley S917; Whiting Drama 365.876.

5821 To play with (a) Straw(s) cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 133.31-135.2: Ne lat hie (Honestas) nawht the hande pleighende mid stikke, ne mid strawe—nis that non god tocne of ripe manne, nis the hierte nauht yiet stedefast. cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 44-5: 1 trowe that ye dronken han wyn ape. And that is whan men pleyen with a straw. 1479 Cely Papers 15[1]: He (o horse) ys hoyll, he wyll playe with a straw. al500 Colyn Blowbol 105.287: That one may make them play with strawes thre. 5822 To strip (pill [peel]) a Straw 1400 Mede and muche thank in Kail 7.25-6: I plese my lord at bed and bord. Though y do but strype a stre. 1522 Skelton Why Come II 35.262: They make us to pyll strawes. Tilley S923. 5823 To stumble at a Straw (varied) 1414 Lerne say wele in Kail 17.89-92: Many can stomble at a stre; They nyl not snapere at a style. And graunte purpos nay and yee. Though his thought be thens a myle. 1495 Fitzjames Sermo G4''[13-4]: Stomblynge atte a straawe And lepynge over a blocke. al500 Colyn Blowbol 105.307: And yet they wille stombile at a straw. 1546 Heywood D 93.78: Ye stumbled at a strawe, and lept over a blocke, 1555 E 171.143. Apperson 606; Oxford 627; Tilley S922; Whiting Scote II 133. 5824 To take the Straw and let (leave) the com al400 Romaunt С 6353-4: But to what ordre that I am sworn, I take the strawe, and lete the corn. See C428, F693.

5817 To be had for a Straw cl489 Caxton Aymon I 287.28-9: Nor that shall bye hym agen, though he myghte be had for a 5825 To to-wend (turn) every Straw al200 Ancrene 166.25-7: A wummon the haveth strawe. ilosed hire nelde, other a sutere his eal, secheth 5818 To draw the Straw before the cat (varied) hit ananriht, and towent euch strea, athet hit cl475 Henryson Fables 70.2010: Thow wenis beo ¡funden. NED Straw sb.i 9a. Cf. Taylor to draw the stra befoir the cat! 1546 Heywood and Whiting 356:14. D 89.31: No plaiyng with a strawe before an olde cat. Apperson 87:39; Oxford 506; Tilley 5826 Too dear a Straw P406. See F124. a 1450 Always try to Say the Best in Brown Lyrics XIV 193.57-8: I holde that dede to dere 5819 To lay a Straw a stre, Don to do another fame. cl475 Henryson Orpheus 137.241: Thairfoir of 5827 To be like Strawberries this mater a stray I lay. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 218.1015: Have done nowe Faustus, lay here a al500 Beauty of his Mistress III in Bobbins straw and rest. 1546 Heywood D 68.86: And 126.15: And your strawbery lyppes, 127.22: best we laie a strawe here. Apperson 354; Tilley Your lyppes lyke the strawberye. Taylor and Whiting 358. S919; Whiting Drama 352:671, Scoti II 134.

Stream

560

5828

5828 To burst out (etc.) like a Stream 5831 As common as the Street al225 St. Marherete 14.5-6: Thet tet blod bearst al393 Gower CA III 15.2497: Thus is he comut and strac a-dun of hire bodi as streem deth mun as the Strete. See C64. of welle. al450 Generydes A 305.9858-9: The teres fel from hir visage As stremes doun out 5832 To beat the Streets (pavement) al352 Minot 5.25: The Skotte gase in Burghes of a wel. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 51.579: and betes the stretes. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] Grete alisaundre spränge of hym as strem oute 3936: He was a market-betere atte fülle. cl400 of welle, 65.788-9: Bothe wit and wysdam Curates in Wyclif EW 152[5-6]: Thei fallen to cute of hir hert swelles (!), Evene as (the) strem renneth fro the welles. cl500 Greene Carols nyse pleies . . . and beten the stretis. cl400 265.3: As stremes of a well the blode out sprong. Priesthood in Wyclif EW 166[25-6]: But bete stretis up and doun and synge and pleie as mynystrelis. cl422 Hoccleve Complaint 102.185-6: A 5829 To glide down like Stream of (/ram) the great fole I am. This pavyment a dayes thus strand to bete. MED beten 2b(b). al400 Song of Looe-longing in Brown Lyrics XIV 101.40: Als streme dose of the strande, his 5833 No Strength (power) may (help) against blode gan downe glyde. rede (counsel, wisdom) (varied)

cl250 Owl 64-6.761-8: Vor soth hit is that 5830 To row (strive) against the Stream ( flood, seide Alured: "Ne mai no strengthe ayen red." sea) (varied) Oft spet wel a lute liste, Thar muche strengthe al300 Proverbs of Alfred 85 J 123-4: Strong (T: sholde miste; Mid lutle strengthe, thurgh ginne, [S]orwe) hit is to reowe A-yeyn the séé that Castel and burgh me mai iwinne. Mid liste me floweth (Γ: se-flod). cl330 On the King's Breakmai walle(s) felle. An worpe of horsse knightes ing in Wright Political Songs 254-5: Whoso snelle, al300 67 J 769-72: Vuel strengthe is roweth agein the flod. Off sorwe he shal drinke; lutei w(u)rth, Ac wisdom ne w(u)rth never Also hit fareth bi the unsele, A man shal have unw(u)rth: Thu myht iseo thurh alle thing. That litel hele Thar agein to swinke. cl390 Cato wisdom naveth non evening. 1340 Ayenbite (Vernon) 604.585: Ayeyn the strem ne strive 184[l-2]: Vor ase zayth the filozofe, "greate thou nought. al393 Gower CA II 349.1780-1: thinges byeth y-do naght be strengthe of bodie Betre is to wayte upon the tyde Than rowe ne be armes, ас be guod red." al393 Gower CA ayein the stremes stronge, 375.2729-31: Whanne II 66.1109-11: And therupon thei founde a he is falle in such a drem, Riht as a Schip weie, Wher strengthe myhte noght aweie. That ayein the Strem, He routeth with a siepi noise. sleihte scholde helpe thanne. cl395 WBible al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 301.10996-7: Lat Ecclesiastes ix 16: Wisdon is betere than hym wyth hys wyndes saylle, Ffrowardly ageyn strengthe. cl400 Vices and Virtues 188.22-5: the strem. al470 Malory II 619.5-6: Other ellys For, as the philsophre seith, grete thinges ben we rowe ayenste the streme, a1475 Turne up y-do not onliche bi strenkthe of armes ne of hur halter in Rei. Ant. I 76[43]: Stryve ye never body, but bi good counseil and avisement. cl450 ageyn the streme. cl475 Wisdom 51.491: I woll Capgrave Solace 31[2-3]: Wisdam is mor of no more row a-geyn the floode. alSOO God wote honour thann power. cl450 Epistle of Othea grete cause in The Library, 4th s. 15(1935) 84.19-20: Ffor, as seyth seynt gregorye in the 318[10]: Hit ys harde a-yenst the streme to morales, that strengthe is noght vmrthe, wher stryve. cl500 Greene Carols 410.13: Ytt ys hard counceyll is nott. al464 Capgrave Chronicle ayenst the strem to stryve. 1509 Barclay Ship 51[24-5]: And so the Kyng (Alexander) tumyd II 32[7-8]: And nat . . . To stryve agaynst the fro his purpose, seyng, "Evyr is wisdam above streme, cl523 Mirrour 66[27-8]: It is not lesse powere." Apperson 695:7; Oxford 716; Tilley folly to strive agaynst kinde Then a shipman to W527. See L381, S858. strive agaynst both streme and winde. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 418.1432: He is not wyse 5834 To alfy (trust) too much in Strength is ageyne the streme that stryvith. 1546 Heywood folly (varied) D 72.87-8: Foly it is . . . To stryve against al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 431.12335-6: the streme, 1555 E 183.203, 1556 Spider 363[3]: Ffor men seye, "hit is folye In strengthe to Against the streme, strife againe I will not mikel for to affye." cl450 Epistle of Othea make. Apperson 606; Jente 662; Oxford 627; 132.11: Who in strenthe put al is trust is soone Tilley S927; Whiting Drama 366:877, Scots II confounde, 18-9: Therfor seyth plato: Who 134. See S486, W332. trusteth onely in strengthe is ofte overcome.

S852

561

cl500 Everyman 28.827-8: He that trusteth in his strength She hym deceyveth at the length.

Stub al393 Cower CA II 270.1650-1: For this thei teilen that ben wise, Wicke is to stryve and have the werse. 111 153.7353: Wicke is to stryve and have the worse.

5835 As smooth as a Strike {hank) of flax C1387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 676: But smothe it heeng as dooth a strike of flex, 5843 Better the first Stroke than the last dint al500 Eger H 277.1545-8: And in old stories he 5836 As straight as a Strike heard say. That both in earnest and in play. It al400 Destruction of Troy 99.3024: Streght as a were better who might it hint. Get the first strike. strake nor the last dint. 5837 To Strike flat (i.e., fail) 5844 He that gives the first Strokes does not 1475 Stonor Letters I 15β[15-6]: But yt hys tolde (win) the battle me ye stryke flatte. cl500 Melusine 368.7-9: For he that gyveth the 5838 Harp no more on that String first strokes dooth not the batayll, but he that 1555 Heywood E 161.97: Harpe no more on revengeth hym bryngeth it to effect. that strynge, 1556 Spider 97[8]. Tilley S934. 5845 One should purvey (foresee) ere the Stroke 5839 To harp on one (that) String fall where peril is cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1030-6: For though the cl450 Merlin II 641[18-9]: Ffor oon ought to beste harpour upon lyve Wolde on the beste purveye er the stroke falle ther as is pereile. sowned joly harpe That evere was, with alle See A183, W49. his fyngres fyve, Touche ay о streng, or ay о werbul harpe. Were his nayles poynted nevere SS46 Strokes fall upon the small and not the so sharpe, It sholde maken every wight to dulie. great To here his glee, and of his strokes fülle. 1513 al393 Cower CA II 16.425-8: And thus, how More Richard 49 G[8-10]: The Cardinall made a evere that thei tale. The strokes falle upon the countinance to the tother Lord, that he should smale. And upon othre that ben grete Hem harp no more upon that string, 1528 Heresyes lacketh herte forto bete. See T70. 244 AB: They that touche that poynt harpe 5847 There is no Stroke but of the mastery upon the right string, 1529 Supplicacion 302 (victory) B[13-4]: For ever upon that stringe he harpeth, 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 266.17: Men saye ther 1533 Answer 1093 B[8-9]: He harpeth upon the is no strook but of the maistre. same string agayne. Confutación 686 E[9-10]: Like a blind harper that haφeth all on one 5848 To smite oneself with one's own Stroke strynge. 1546 Heywood D 96.205: Harping on cl449 Pecock Repressor 1 7Ц17]: For thanne he that stringe, 1556 Spider 317[16]; To se what schulde smyte him silf with his owne stroke. bit we bite: or on what string we harp. Apper- See D22, S950, T534, W711. son 287; O φ r d 280; Tilley S936; Whiting 5849 None is so Strong that he shall not pass Drama 348:607. See R79. (die)

al300 Alisaunder 427.7829-30: So strong, so 5840 To harp on the String that gives no melody fair, nevere non nas. That he ne sha! passe with 1546 Heywood D 68.93: Ye harpe on the stryng, "alias!" that geveth no melody. Apperson 287; Oxford 5850 When two Strong (men) come together it 280; Tilley S935. is tough (varied) 5841 To have two (many) Strings to one's bow cl300 Robert of Gloucester II 715.10605: Wan cl477 Caxton Jason 57.5-6: But that he have tueye stronge cometh to gadere it is somdel .ii. strenges on his bowe, 26-8: First as to ton. al420 Lydgate Troy II 463.2408-10: As ful the regarde for to have ii cordes or strenges on ofte it happeth, and is founde. Whan stronge his bowe, that is to vmderstande two ladyes, doth mete with his parigal: Ther is no more, 58.5-6. 1525 Berners Froissart V 36[16]: We but every(ch) had a fai. Cf. Taylor and Whiting shall have two strynges on our bowe. 1546 Hey161: Creek. wood D 47.187: Ye have many stryngs to the bowe. Apperson 656; Oxford 681; Taylor and 5851 As stiff as Strucion (ostrich) Whiting 358; Tilley S937. al500 Kennedy 26.26: As struttioun stif. 5842 It is wicked (harmful) to Strive and have 5852 As still as a Stub the worse cl390 Sir Gawain 71.2293-4: Bot stode stylle

Study

562

as . . . a stubbe auther That ratheled is in roché grounde with rotes a hundreth.

S853 52.15-6: Love to amende and feyne to please, Lothe to defende, sufferaunce doth ease. 1546 Heywood D 34.54: For of suffrance comth ease, 1555 E 153.43. Apperson 608; Oxford 629; Tilley S955. See P44.

5853 Be busy in Study, etc. al500 Hill 130.18: Besy in stody be thou, child, And in the hall, meke and mylde. And at the table, mery and glade And at bedde, softe and 5860 Sufferance in season will longest endure sadde. cl450 Idley 153.2817: Sufferaunce in season woll longest endure. See T310. 5854 To be in (a) Study

al338 Mannyng Chronicle В I 58[11]: Whan 5861 Sufferance is a virtue (varied) Edward perceyved, his herte was in Studie. cl378 Piers В xi 370-7: Suffraunce is a sovercl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1530: Into a studie he eygne vertue and a swyfte venjaunce. . . . fil sodeynly. al470 Malory I 43.20-1: The kyng Frenche men and fre men affeyteth thus her sat in a study. al475 Ludus Coventríae 207.225: childeme, Bele vertue est soffrance, mal dire est In a colde stodye me thynkyth ye sytt. al533 petyt venjance, Bel dire et bien soffrir fait lui Berners Arthur 200[19]: She stode in a stoudy, soffrant a bien venir, al387 С xiv 204: And 331[31], 398[5-6]: In a sodayne study, 538[20], so witnesseth the wyse and wysseth the Frenshe. Huon 536.13-4. Apperson 70; Oxford 67; A. A. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.35-6: A fayre Prins English Studies 41(1960) 14-5; Taylor vertew is gwode suffrance: A fowle vyce is and Whiting 358; Tilley S945. petite (II 221.20: Povert) venjawnce. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.54: hasty vengeanc. el450 5855 As short as a Stump cl450 Idley 159.46: It maketh hym a body short Rules for Conduct in Smith Common-place Book 14[6]: Vertu of vertuys ys in sufferans. cl450 as a stompe. St. Cuthbert 5.145-7: Thar is na thing savours 5856 Whoso cannot be Subject cannot be sa swete, To sighand saule hys bale to bete. As sovereign the vertu of sufferance. See P56. cI450 Oouce MS.52 56.136: Who-so con not be suget, he con not be soverayn. cl450 Rylands 5862 Sufferance is no quittance MS.394 107.23.5. Cf. Tilley S237. See L443, 1546 Heywood D 69.117: Suffrance is no quittance, 1555 E 185.214. Apperson 229: ForM228, 407, T50. bearance; Oxford 219; Tilley F584. 5857 If one is Subtle another is as false cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.21-2: Lerne this, my 5863 Well worth Sufferance which abates strife lefe brother. Als sotyl as thou, als fais is ane al400 Bozon Contes 20[16-7]: Wel wurth suffraunce that abates strif, And wo wurth hastiother. See G491. nece that reves man his lif, 203[24-5]. 5858 Subtlety in arms is worth more than strength 5864 Without Sufferance may no man come to 1489 Caxton Fayttes 168.26-7: And in armes is perfectness subtylyte mykel more worthe than is strengthe. cl400 Vices and Virtues 167.23-6: For withApperson 607; Oxford 628; Tilley S952. See oute suffraunce may no man ne womman come L381. to parfightnesse; with-oute pacience ther hath no wight victorie, for who-so leseth suffraunce, 5859 Sufferance does ease (varied) he is overcome. Cf. Ayenbite 167[15-7]. See al393 Cower CA II 270.1639-40: Suffrance S866. hath evere be the beste To wissen him that secheth reste. al420 Lydgate Troy I 146.82: 5865 The Sufferant (sufferance) overcomes Who best can suffre most schal have his ese. cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1584: Men seyn, "the al440 Burgh Cato 311.310: "Suffraunce dothe suffrant overcomith," parde. al400 Romaunt В ese," was seid full yore a-goo. aI450 Generydes 3463-6: By sufferaunce, and wordis softe A man A 52.1669-72: He may not faile to have goode may overcome ofte Hym that afom he hadde tide That can wel suffre and abide; for soffer- in drede. In bookis sothly as I rede. 1439 Lydaunce causeth oft certeyn A man his purpos gate St. Albon 112.88: Through meke sufferance to atteyn. с 1450 Idley 102.1286: Well у woote he gate the victorie. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 192.31: sufferaunce doth ease. cl475 Gregory Chronicle But ought to overcome by suffraunce. Apperson 216[3]: But sufferens and fayr speche dyd them 485: Patience (6); Oxford 172: Endures; Skeat moche ese. alSOO Salamon seyth in Person 197. See P61, T213, W264.

S87Ó

563

5866 Easy Suffering shall bring a man to his desiring al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 333.45-6: Esy sufferyng and good abidynge Schall bryng a man to his desieryng. See AIO, S864. 5867 Is he not rich that has Suffisance? (varied) cl385 Usk 88.31-2: Is he nat riche that hath sufflsaunce? al400 Romaunt В 5583-4: For suffisaunce all oonly Makith men to lyve richely. Apperson 530; Οφτά 541. See L394. 5868 When you have Suffisance cease c l 5 2 3 Barclay Mirmur 25[29]: When thou hast sufflsaunce ceasse and withdraw thy hand. See E119. 5869 Suffolk full of wiles, Norfolk full of guiles al500 Characteristics of Counties in Rei. Ant. I 269[19-20]: Suffolk, full of wiles; Norffolk, full of giles. Apperson 186: Essex; Oxford 176. 5870 As sweet as Sugar cl378 Piers В xiv 312: No sugre is swettere. cl408 Lydgate Reson 104.3944: Somtyme as any sugre soote. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 132.2047: Swetter than sugur. al500 Beauty of his Mistress III in Bobbins 126.5. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 227.23-4. Svartengren 306; Taylor and Whiting 359-60. 5871 Sugar and gall (poison, venom, bitterness, salt, saltpeter, ratsbane) (varied) cl408 Lydgate Reson 89.3367-8: The sugre of hir drynkes all At the ende ys meynt with gall, 106.4047: Sugre and galle acorde nought, al410 Churl in MP II 476.180: Of sugre strowid, that hideth fais poisoun, a1420 Troy I 79.2262: Can under sugre schrowden her poysoun, 203.2033-4: Schal with hir (Fortune's) sugre finde galle meynt, And hir hony ay with bitter spreynt, 239.3311: With sugre out-schad, and venym in the rote, II 518.4283: The sugre a-fom, the galle hid be-hynde. III 698.4582-3: For undre in secre The venym was, as sugre under galle, 701.4665: Under sugre yif ther be cured galle, 717.5220: Sugre in the crop, venym in the rote, 773.21: In-to her sugre galle of discordance, 1420 Temple 8.191-2: Alias that ever that it shuld(e) fai. So soote sugre Icoupled be with gal! 17.403-4: Ne no wight preiseth of sugre the swetnes, But thei afore have tasted bittemes, al422 Life 600.191: What can sugur undur galle faine? 1429 Complaint in MP II 611.60: With thayre sugre tempre galle, al430 Pilgrimage 1.25: And hyr sugre (ys) underspreynt vi^th galle, 397.14704-5: In tast lyk sugre; but the galle Ys hyd, they may yt nat

Summer espye, al439 Fall I 7.243: Thei wil ther sugre tempre with no galle, 58.2112: His Util sugir temprid with moch gall, 94.3442: Summe folk han sugir, summe taste gall, 126.4536: Ther pompous sugre is meynt with bittir gall, 4543, 4550, 127.4557: Ay with hir sugre off custum tempre gall, 135.4828: Hid undir sugre, galle and fell poisoun, II 428.3575: For al hir sugir is meynt with bittirnesse, 547.2721: Outward sugre, inward bittirnesse, 615.1097: Under sugre can hide weel ther galle, al449 Order in MP II 450.30: Tonge spreynt with sugre, the galle kept secre, Say the Best in MP II 797.84-5: And tho tunges be most to wite That for suger yevyn gall. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 22.677: Ther sugre is soote, ther galle doth no good, 28.889: Be outward sugryd, and galle in existence. cl450 Bishop Boothe in Wright Political Poems II 228[25]: But set under suger he shewithe hem galle. al500 Court of Love 424.542: And sugre strewe on gall. al500 To yow, mastres in Rawlinson MS. С 813 383,36: And under suger hyde bytter galle. 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I 185.96: Know ye not suger and salt asonder? 1546 Heywood D 21.29: Whan time hath toumd white suger to white salte, 43.74: Whan sweete sugar should tourne to soure salte petur, 82.80: I have . . . for fyne suger, faire rats bane. Tilley S958. See C177, G12, H433, 440, S948, T331.

5872 Suits hang half a year at Westminster Hall, etc. 1562 Heywood E 207.12: Sutes hange hälfe a yere at Westminster hall. At Tybume, hälfe an houres hangyng endeth all. Apperson 608; Oxford 630; Tilley S962. 5873 To set the Sullow (plow) before the oxen 1340 Ayenbite 243[9-10]: Ac moche volk of religion zetteth the zuolh be-vore the oksen. al400 Vices and Virtues 269.22-3: Many men and Wommen of religion setten the ploughe to-fore the oxene. Apperson 503:5; Oxford 80; Tilley P434; Whiting Scots II 112. See C60. 5874 As hot as Summer al475 Russell Boke 167.742: As hoot as somer by his attyre. Cf. Svartengren 312. 5875 Hard is the Summer there the sun never shines c l 4 0 5 Mum 10.133-4: For well mowe ye wyttyn and so mowe we all, That harde is the somer ther sonne schyneth nevere. 5876 Next to Summer is winter al513 Dunbar Of the Changes of Lyfe 141.16: So nixt to summer winter bein. See W372.

Summer's

Day

564

5877 As bright as (any, the) Summer's Day cl300 Horn 52 L 917-8: That feyre may Bryht so eny someres day. cl390 Castel of Ιχ>υβ 374.737-8: And feirore of liht Then the someresday whon hee is briht. cl400 Emaré 7.191-2: Aftyr the mayde fayr and gent, That was bryght as someres day, 14.438. al422 Lydgate Life 441.169-70: eny. al500 Si. Kateryne 260.63-4: the. Apperson 68. 5878 As fair as the Summer's Days al500 Lambewell 157.418: Much fairer then the summers dayes, 160.510. 5879 As fresh as the Summer's Day cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1895-6: May, As fressh as is the brighte someres day. 5880 A (long) Summer's Day aSOO Juliana in Exeter Book 127.494-6: Ic asecgan ne maeg, {leah ic gesitte sumerlongne daeg, Eal Jia earfe^u. cl400 Florence 11.310-1: Thogh a man sate on a wyght palfreye All the longe somers day. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 492.160-1: To rekken the fare and cours in thrifty wyse, A somerys day ne myht(e) nat suffise. 1528 More Heresy es 151 A[13-4]; As meke a simple soul, as a man should have sene in a somers daye. Cf. Apperson 256; Taylor and Whiting 360; Tilley S967. 5881 As bright as (the, any) Sun {varied) a800 Cynewulf Elene in Vercelli Book 967.1109-10: J)a cwom semninga sunnan beorhtra Lacende lig. 897 Alfred Boethius 112.15-6: Öa goodan scinaS beorhtor Jionne sunne. a900 Bede 284.15-7: Waes seo beorhtnes Jjaes onsendan leohtes шага, J)Qn sunnan leoht biS aet middan daege. alOOO Be Domes Dsege, ed. H. Löhe (Bonn, 1907) 16.118: ¡Donne sigel-beorht swegles brytta. alOOO Two Apocrypha С 38-40: Oöer bis beorhtre {зоппе sunne, H 48: Нео biô swa beorht swa sunne, y 49. clOOO Old English Nicodemus 512.17-9: And carinus and leuticus waeron {за faeringa swa faegeres hywes swa seo sunne [зоппе he beorhtost scyneö. cllOO Elucidarium in English Miscellany Presented to Dr. Fumivall (Oxford, 1901) 90[7-8]. cll75 Lambeth Homilies 39[10-1]: tha, 139[ll-2]: the. al200 Ancrene 23.22-3, 24.12, 74.5-6: the, 185.3: the, 208.28: the. al200 Trinity College Homilies 185[ll-2]: se. cl200 St. Katherine (Royal) 82.1665-6: the. al300 Meidan Maregrete 493.156: Ant scon ase britt so sonne abouten none. аХЗОО Richard 84.75-6: the sunne thorwgh the glas. cl300 Guy^ 522 A 164.5: ani, 590 A 249.11-2: As bright as ani sonne it schon That glemes under schawe. сХЗОО South English

S877

Legendary I 181.40: the, 227.187: the, 346.175, (Laud) 181.26: the, 371.162, 376.305. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 318.10199-200: the sunne ys, on days lyght, 10221-2: the. al325 Cursor III 1336.23394. al325 Sarmun in Heuser 95.199200: the. al330 Legend of Mary 500.68-9. cl330 Orfeo 15.152: the, 31.352: on somers day, 33.371-2: at none the sonne. cl330 St. Margaret 233.331: ani. cl340 Rolle Psalter 396 (111.2). cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 17.605-6: the. cl370 Theophilus in ESt 1(1877) 55.706-7: the sun in someres tyde. cl375 All Saints in Horstmann Legenden 1881 145.252-3: in the ayre. cl380 Ferumbras 59.1695: the sonne on may. cl380 Pearl 38.1055-6: bothe the sunne and mone. cl390 Alexius (Vernon) 62.407-8. cl390 Gregorius 168.1268: on Rouwel bon. cl390 Mournyng Song in Vemon II 473.153, 474.198-9: in Southe. cl390 Of Clene Maydenhod 468.1234. cl390 Prayer to the Virgin in Vernon II 738.109-10: the. cl390 Talkyng 56.33: the. al400 Alexander С 192.3225: bemes of the son, 263.5262: the. al400 Bonaventura Privity in Yorkshire Writers 1 218[22-3]: the. aI400 Eglamour 42.637 (var,). al400 Ipomadon A 144.5021-2: that shynes throw glasse. al400 Pricke 169.6243, 235.8739, 246.9146-7: the. al400 Scottish Legends I 25.637-8: the, II 324.693-4: the. cI400 Elucidarium 1-2: the. cl400 Scottish Troy 225.472. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune 8.139-40: the. cl400 Túndale 93.1621-2, 121.2097: the, 122.2119-20. al415 Mirk Festial 48.17: any, 28-9: the, 132.4-5: the, 174.21-2: any, 240.6-7: the, 249.3-5: the. cl415 Middle English Sermons 113.38-9: the. aI420 Lydgate Troy I 338.6780-1: the somer sonne, II 406.411: on someres day. al425 All this before Jhesu in Bowers Three Middle English Religious Poems 29.407. al425 Chester Plays II 389.41-2: the. al425 Daily Work in Yorbhire Writers I 147[42-3]: the. cl425 Si. Mary Oignies 156.16: the. cl430 ?Lydgate Compleynt 64.371: the clere sonne. cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 425.675-7: Ther sholde a skye as any sonne bryht Dresse up his bemys to the sterrys cleere, Lyk Phebus tressyd in his mydday speere. 1435 Misyn Fire 97.16: the. al449 Lydgate St. Gyle in MP 1 169.241-2: the. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 13.382: the. al450 Audelay 157.76: on somyr morowe. al450 Death and Life 3.65: the bright sonn, 4.99: the. al450 St. Editha 55.2451-2: the sonne in May. cl450 Alphabet I 205.4-5: the. cl450 Greene Carols 30.3: the, 125 A 8: in glas. с1450 Herkyns in Archiv 85(1890) 48.56: the. cl450 Jacob's Well 102.9: the. cl450 Owayne Miles (Cotton Caligula)

5889

565

119.543-4: ony. al456 Stabat Mater in Brown Lyrics XV 25.65-6: the sunne in the fflrma ment. al460 Towneley Pìays 4.88-9: the, 295.82 the, 352.347. al475 St. Birgitta 70.22: the, 90.29 the, 98.12-3: the. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 85··[2.10]: the, 382''[2.40]: the. 1496 Alcock Möns B6''[14-5]: the. 1496 Myracles of our Lady (London, de Wörde, 1514) ВГ[15-6]: the. al500 Alexius {Cotton) 62.301-2: the sonne on the daye lyght. alSOO Coventry Plays 18.507-8: the sun in the meddis of the day. alSOO Farewell to his Mistress III in Bobbins 209.30: overhill. al500 Greene Carols 237 A 1: the, В 1: the. al500 Merchant and his Son in Hazlitt EPF I 148.233: any. al500 Miroure of Mans Salvacionne 149[32]: the. al500 Orfeo 32 Η 358: ony. al500 Take Erth of Erth in Ashmole 270[13]: the. cl500 Greene Carols 118.1: the. 1506 Barclay Castell E6^[15]: the. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 262.33: the. Svartengren 226-7; Taylor and Whiting 360; Whiting Drama 328:316, Scots II 135. See P158, S899, 90S, 910, 911.

Sun Horn 36 L 651: So whyt so the sonne. cl300 South English Legendary I 152.119: And as wide him worth wo as the sonne ssineth aday. 1340 Ayenbite 84[22-4]: Maketh man . . . stedevest and lestinde ase the zonne thet aineway yernth and ne is nevre wery. 1399 Chaucer Purse 10-1: Or see your colour lyk the sonne bryght, That of yelownesse hadde never pere. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 6.102 (par.): As dene . . . as the sunne on the morwe whanne it furst schyneth. 1447 Bokenham 104.3801: Set ful of gemmys than the sunne moor lyht. с1460 Coronation Π in Brown Lyrics XV 71.57: Here face, moost splendaunt than the Sonne. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 371.8-10: This desire . . . entryd in to his herte also sodeynly as the rayes of the sonne passe thurgh the glasse, 1483 Golden Legende 17''[2.8-9]: The eyen more shynynge than the sonne, 205^1.9-10], 334^1.2-3]. alSOO Miroure of Mans Sahacionne 145[21]: Swiftere than is the sonne. al500 Quare 196.37-8: And als fresch in hir beautee and array As the bricht sonne at rising of the day.

5882 As clear as (the, any, summer) Sun cl300 South English Legendary I 325.294: He(o) S885 As hot as the Sun ssinde as oler as the sonne, II 383.300: the, a900 Old English Martyrology 38.6-7: Leoht of 384.302. 1340 Ayenbite 267[29]: the. al376 heofenum swa hat swa sunne biS on sumera. Piers A vi 75: the. cl390 Chaucer CT X[I] clOOO Aelfric Lives 1250.197: Swa hat swa sunne 1078: the. al400 Destruction of Troy 272.8386: scinende on sumere. al500 Guy^ 25-6.523-4: the. al400 Pricke 234.8709-10: Ffor ilk ane The sonne, that is so hote above. Was never so aungelle bi him-ane Salle derer schyne than hote, as is my love. al500 Нутгш1 in Medieval Studies in Memory of Gertrude S. Loomis (Paris, ever son schane. cl400 Túndale 105.1839-40: 1927) 484.76: As hote os sone shynyng at ony. al420 Lydgate Troy I 113.3427-8: the somer sonne, al422 Life 267.284: For it was myddey. clever (Pclerer) then the sonne bryght. 1447 Bokenham 49.1781: the. al449 Lydgate Timor 8886 As sheen as the Sun al200 Ancrene 53.11-2: And habben him to in MP 11 830.49-50: ony. cl450 Trevet 369.9leofmon that is thusent fald schenre then 10 (^76", col. 1): the. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 171''[2.6-7]: the. 1509 Fisher Treatyse the sunne, 179.15-6: Schenre then the sunne, 185.17. cl200 Halt Meidenhad 30.318-9, 56.593, 46.15: the. 1509 Watson Ship Ccl^ilS]: the. 62.672: Ah schine ase sunne. al225 Sí. Mar1533 More Confutación 721 A[l-2]: the. Apperson 101; Taylor and Whiting 360; Tilley S969; herete 44.16-7: schininde sunne, 54.2-3. al439 Lydgate Fall II 574.3683: any sonne sheene. Whiting Scots II 135. See P159, S901. 5887 As sicker as the Sun shines 5883 As fair as the Sun cl449 Pecock Repressor I 89[31]: For, as sikir clOOO Old English Nicodemus 512.17-8: And as the sunne schineth in somerys dai. Cf. Svarcarinus and leuticus waeron . . . swa faegeres hywes swa seo sunne. cl375 Chaucer Anel. tengren 360; Taylor and Whiting 360. 71-3: Anelida . . . That fairer was then is the 5888 As sooth as the Sun uprises sonne shene, cl386 LGW 1004-6: the bryghte cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1443: For also soth as sonne. sonne uprist o-morwe. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 360. 5884 As glad (bright) as the Sun (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) 5889 The Sun is brighter than all other stars a750 Riddles in Exeter Book 242.3: Gtedre (varied) {jonne sunne. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 444[3]: с1300 South English Legendary 1 38.41: As Heo is gecoren (fine) swa swa sunne. cl300 amange alle other sterren the sonne brightore

566

Sun

is. al340 Ayenbite 81-2: This wyt paseth the wyttes of the worlde ase deth the zonne the brytnesse of the mone. 1369 Chaucer BD 821-6: That as the someres sonne bryght Ys fairer, derer, and hath more lyght Than any other planete in heven, The moone, or the sterres seven, For al the world so hadde she Surmounted hem alle of beante, cl380 PF 298301: A queene That, as of lyght the somer sonne shene Passeth the sterre, right so over mesure She fayrer was than any creature. cl400 Vices and Virtues 80.19-21: This witt passeth the witt of this world as doth the sonne alle othere worldely lightes. al405 Lydgate Flvure in MP II 414.113-9: As the somer sonne Passeth the sterre with his beames shene . . . My lady passeth . . . Al tho alyve to speke of womanhede. cl410 Lovelich Grail II 388.127-8: So mochel schal he hem passen In alle degre Asse the sone the Mone doth. 1420 Lydgate Temple 10-1.250-64: A ladi . . . which right as the sonne Passeth the sterres . . . Surmounteth al, al422 Life 269.316-8: Passyde Ichone . . . Right as the sonne doth a litil sterre. al425 Of Mynystris in Wyclif SEW II 402[27-8]: For thei passen other preestis, as the sunne doith the moone. cl433 Lydgate Si. Edmund 397.41-2: Which passed hem in worthynesse as ferre As doth the sonne a verray litil sterre, al439 Fall I 227.995-6: For as a sterre in presence off the sunne Lesith his fresshnesse and his cleer(e) liht. III 901.2794-5: Among al kynges renommed and famous As a briht sonne set amyd the sterris, 1016.3415-6: As the gold-tressyd bryght(e) somyr sonne Passith othir sterrys with his beemys clere. cl449 Pecock Repressor I 274[69]: For certis, how the sunne passith in cleemes, cheerte, and coumfort the moone, and as a greet torche passith a litil candel. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 247.20-2: But hercules passyd And shone as ferre above hym as the sonne shyneth above the sterres, cl477 Jason 26.10-1: Your resplendour is clere among the women as the sonne is among the sterres, 1484 Royal Book G8''[7-8]: As the sonne passeth the clerenesse of the mone. Cisco Three Kings' Sons 23.1-2: As the sonne passith the sterres, so passid this yong man othir folkes, 157.21-2: As the sonne in clerenesse passith the mone and the sterres, so they iii. ovir alle othir bare the brute of that feste, 185.40-186.1: But as the sonne passeth in beaute the sterres, so in beaute . . . passeth alle othir . . . loland. See M648, P161, R205, 227.

S890

The Sun is hotter after sharp showers

S890 al449 Lydgate Guy in MP II 519.81: The sonne is hatter affter sharpe schours. Cf. Whiting Drama 268.

S891 The Sun never tines (loses) its fairness though it shines on the muck-heap (varied) cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 82.2299-302: The sunne, hys feyrnes never he tynes, Thogh hyt on the muk hepe shynes. But the muk ys the more stynkyngge There the sunne ys more shynyngge. cl390 Chaucer CTX[I] 911: Hooly writ may nat been defouled, namoore than the sonne that shyneth on the mixne. cl425 Orcherd 248.20-1: The sonne, that though it schyne upon a foule thing yit is it not therby defoulid. cl450 Idley 148.2534-9: Whenne the sonne is feire and fresshe of hewe And shyneth on a mukehill stynkyng and oolde, The sonne in his cours is never the more untrue. But ever in his vertu like fresshe and newe; But the doungehill is the more unsavory and stynkyng alsoo That the might of the sonne hath over hym goo. Apperson 609; Oxford 631; Tilley S982. 8892 The Sun's light is never the worse though the bat flees from its bright beams 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 12.319-20: The sonnys lycht is never the wers, traste me. All thocht the bak hys brycht bemys doith fle. See W84. 5893 The Sun shines on the righteous and unrighteous alike clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 406[28-30]: Se . . . Drihten, бе laet scinan his sunnan ofer 6a rihtwisan and unrihtwisan gelice, and sent renas and eorSlice waestmas godum and yfelum. clOOO WSG Matthew ν 45: Se j^e deS Jsast hys sunne up aspringS ofer {)a godan and ofer Jja yfelan; and he laet rinan ofer J^a rihtwisan and ofer l^a unrihtwisan. cl395 WBible Matthew ν 45: Your fadir that is in hevenes, that makith his sunne to rise upon goode and yvele men, and reyneth on just men and unjuste. al450 Audelay 40.845-9: Take ensampil by the sunne ye syne here with syght. Wha may depreve him of his pouere and let his lyghtyng. That schenus apon a synful man as wele as on a ryght, Alse wele on fouele as on fayre without defouteryng, Alse wel apon a knave as apon a kyng? 1509 Fisher Treatyse 198.11-3: Whiche maketh his sonne to sprynge and shyne bothe upon good people and evyll. Oxford 631; Tilley S985. 5894 To drive as the Sun does mist (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) al300 Arthour and M.i 206.7364: We schul hem drive, so sonne doth mist, с1340 Rolle

S899

567

Psalter 410 (118.1): This psalme as sun brennand in mydday of ful light. cl395 Pierce 5.122: With gaie glittering glas, glowing as the sonne. al400 Alexander С 263.5286: With stoute starand stanes that stremed as the son. al439 Lydgate Fall 111 756.3017: That lik a sonne his fame spradde abrod. 1513 Douglas Aetieid III 265.79: Hys habyt as the scheyn son lemand lycht. S895 To glitter like the Sun a900 Old English Martyrology 206.26-7: Нес glytenode . . . swa scynende sunne. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2165-6: His crispe heer . . . was yelow, and glytered as the sonne. cl390 Sir Gawain 19.604: That al glytered and glent as glem of the sunne. See P164. SS96 To melt as the Sun does snow c l 4 5 0 Complaint Against Hope 26.61: But ryght as the sonne grete snowes melte. 1509 Barclay Ship I 217[6-7]: Vayne pleasours, whiche shall sothly decay Lyke as the sone meltyth the snowe away.

Sunbeam the water whanne it is Glemerynge. al412 God and Man in Kail 49.75-6. al415 Mirk Festial 97.4-5: the, 223.19: the. c l 4 2 0 Page Siege 185.982: the. cl425 Lydgate Valentine in MP I 308.94: any. cI425 Speculum Sacerdotale 43.14-5: the, 227.23: the, 33-4: the. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 176.6719-20: any, cl433 St. Edmund 388.675: an hevenly sonne, 419.277: any, al439 Fall II 563.3281: a. III 847.875: a, 894.2533: a. al445 Carl 132.281-2: anny. 1447 Bokenham 80.2909-10: the sunne in his degre. al450 York Plays 188.98: the. al450 Capgrave Katharine 225.884: the, 377.1177: the. Lives 136.25-6: the. cl450 Greene Carols 124 В 3: the son dothe throwe the glas. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 118.11-2: the. 1450 Diets 184.18: the. aI456 Hay Law 282.30-1: the. aI475 Seege of Troye 203 Η 16121: the sonne bryght. 1483 Caxton Golden Ugende 198''[1.1]: the, 199·" [1.16-7]: the. 1495 Meditacyons of saynt Bemarde B5^[15]: the. al500 Song of the Assumption in Brown Lyrics XV 67.58. 1509 Barclay Ship II 289[6]: the. al533 Berners Huon 65.29: the. 1534 More Comforte 1258 E[4]: the. Whiting Drama 329:316, Scots II 135. See P165, S906.

S897 To shine like (the, any, a) Sun a900 Old English Martyrology 56.20-1: Godes englas swa scinende swa sunne, 146.17-8: Heo nu scineÖ . . . swa swa sunne. clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 466[i2], II 242[6], Lives I 178.152: 5898 To win something as soon as (win) the Set hus eall scean swa swa sunne on daeg, Sun and moon from heaven 538.820-1, Treatise in Heptateuch 70.1194. c l 3 3 0 Floris (Auchinleck) 48.633-4: Hi scholde alOOO Vercelli Homilies 87.178-80: He . . . Winne the mai so sone Ase from the hevene beorhtajî swa sunna, {jonne hio biorhtust biS hegh the sonne and mone. scinende. cIOOO Vercelli Homily 10 in Napier 5899 As bright as (the, any) Sunbeam 265.15: J)a so6faestan scinaö, swa sunne. clOOO clOOO Aelfric Lives II 192.42-3: Cristes rode WSG Matthew xvii 2. c l l 7 5 Twelfth Century breohtre ¡зоппе sunnan leoma. al300 St. Eustace Homilies 94.9, 112.5-6, 134.1-2. c l 2 0 0 St. in Horstmann Legenden 1881 212.43-4: The Juliana 47.514-5: Hire nebscheaft schene as the light of hevene and the glem, Brighttore then sunne. cl300 Guy^ 454 A 92.5: The halle schon the sunne bem. c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary therof as sonne of glas. cI300 South English (Laud) 85.81-2: the, 480.624. al325 Suete Jesu Legendary I 52.165: the, 262.447: the. c l 3 4 0 in Brown Lyrics XIV 7.14: the. cl325 Maid of Rolle Psalter 170 (46.4): the, 216 (61.7), 325 Ribbesdale in Böddeker 155.7. c l 3 7 5 St. Peter (88.36). cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 61.20. in Horstmann Legenden 1881 103.41-2: the. cI380 Pearl 35.982. c l 3 9 0 Castel of Love с1390 May den, Modur, and comely Çween 406.1807-8: the. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 879 123.106: the. al400 Ipomadon A 70.2404-5: [B2069]: His brydel as the sonne shoon. al393 the. aI400 Laud Troy II 457.15515-6: That yaff Gower CA III 220.1985: the. cl395 Chaucer so bryght a gleme. As it hadde ben the sonne CT V[F] 170. 01395 WBible Prologue I 47[17]: berne. cl400 Lay Folks' Catechism 58.917-8: the. Judges ν 31: the sunne . . . in his risyng, the. al415 Mirk Festial 233.2: the sonne beme Matthew xvii 2: the. Apocalypse i 16: the. When scho ys most schene. al425 Alexius (Laud) a1400 Bonaventura Privity in Yorkshire Writers 64.439-40: the. al449 Lydgate Letabundus in I 213[35]: the. al400 Ipomadon A 184.6465: the. MP I 49.26: the. c l 4 5 0 Mary, Pray thy Son in al400 Wyclif Sermons I 143[7]: the, 185[1], II Brown Lyrics XV 33.18: the. al475 Ludus Co58[3]: the, [6], [9]: the. cl400 Pepysian Gospel ventriae 146.18: the, 162.317: the. al475 St. 57.20-1: the. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune Birgitta 98.8: the. cl490 Ryman 183.4: the. 2.47-8: the sonne on sonrieres daye. c l 4 1 0 al500 Against Adultery 370.180: any. Whiting Lovelich Grail II 409.156-8: the sonne uppon Drama 329:317. See S881.

Sunbeam

5Ó8

S900

5900 As clean as the Sunbeam 5911 As bright as Sunshine al475 St. Birgitta 60.17-8: That spirite is so al400 Rolle All synnes in Allen R. Rolle 39.22: dene as the bemes of the sonne. Owre flesch wytt of mykel wyn and bryght as sonn schyne. See S881. 5901 As clear as the Sunbeam 1439 Lydgate St. Albon 136.553: Of all the 5912 Sup not much and late signes, clere as the sonne bearne. cl490 Ryman al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.79: Sope nott 183.4: As the sonne beame as clere. See S882. mych and late. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.65: Sowp thou not to late. al500 Diatorie in Fumivall 5902 As shire (bright) as Sunbeam Babees Book 54.16: Use not to soupe late. allOO Phoenix Homily 147.10-1: His eagene twa . . . synden . . . swa scire swa suneleome. 5913 A little Supper makes men light at morrow (varied) 5903 To be like a Sunbeam [varied] al449 Lydgate Dietary in MP II 704.60: A litill a900 Old English MaHyrology 90.5: His eagan sopeer at morwe makith men liht. al500 Hill wasron swelce sunnan leoma. с1300 Havelok 129.2: Yf thow wilt be Ught, let thy soper be 22.591-2: Of hise mouth it stod a stem Als it shorte. Cf. Tilley S1003. were a sunnebem, 71.2122-3: the. al325 Cursor

II 572.9945-6: That es о gretter light and leme 5914 He that Supplants shall be supplanted Than somer dai es son bem. al420 Lydgate Troy III 725.5499: And who supplaunteth shal supplaunted be. See S978, V8. 5904 To flee like the Sunbeam 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 104.63: The flgur fled 5915 In most Surety oft falls great peril as . . . the son beym, III 45.47. 1489 Caxton Fayttes 51.26-7: For as the mayster sayth, in moost surete is ofte woned to fall grete 5905 To leam (gleam) like a Sunbeam peryll. See 8669, T181. al445 Carl 142.424-5: Ovyr all the hall gan sehe leme As hit wer a son-beme. 5916 Surety in poverty is better than fear in riches 5906 To shine like the Sunbeam 1450 Diets 48.19: Suerte in poverte is better al 100 Phoenix Homily 147.7: Jjonne scinô he swa sunne leome. c l 2 5 0 Floris 89.240: (Shines) than fere in riches. See M700. as doth a day the sunne berne. cl400 Laud Troy 5917 There is no Surfeit where measure rules II 329.11172-3: In somer the sonne bem. al439 the feast Lydgate Fall 111 965.1643. al450 Generydes A c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 5.139: There is no surfet where Measure ralyth the feste. See M453. 11.304. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 50.12-4: sone-bemes. cl475 G«i/i 453 С 8098. 1501 5918 He that is once Suspect is half hanged Douglas Police 74.23. See S897. 1402 Daw Tapias 87[24-5]: Ffor who is oonis suspect. He is half honged. See N20. 5907 He that hangs himself on Sunday shall still hang on Monday 5919 It behooves him that has no Swain to 1546 Heywood D 43.85-6: Well, he that hangth serve himself him selfe a sondale (said hee) Shall hang still c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT 1[A] 4027-8: Hym boes serve uncut downe a mondaie for mee. Oxford 276; hymself that has na swayn. Or elles he is a Tilley S993. fool, as Clerkes sayn. Oxford 574. 5908 As bright as Sun-gleam 5920 He is no good Swain that lets (puts o f f ) c l 3 9 0 Of Clene Maydenhod 467.103-4: Ne his journey for the rain nevere so briht sonne-gleme Then Mayden that al500 Hill 131.27: He is no good swayn that is dene of thought. See S881. lettith his jorney for the rayn. Tilley S1022. 5909 As swift as the Sun-gleam Swallow (1) al200 Ancrene 88.21: Ye beon swifte ase the sunne gleam. 5921 As fast as a Swallow cl410 Lovelich Grail III 62.813-4: The lytel 5910 As bright as the Sunlight vessel wente . . . as faste Away As Evere flew cl300 South English Legendary II 590.17: Tho swalwe In the someris day. sson is face brightore thanne the sonne light. al500 Partenay 78.2148-9: Ther bushinentes 5922 As gerish (changeful) as a Swallow fayr resplendising, As the bryghty sune light a1439 Lydgate Fall III 676.53: And as a swalwe and fayr shinyng. See S881. gerissh of hir fliht.

S932

569

5923 As swift as (any, a) Swallow al300 Richard 325.4835-6: On Favel of Cypre he sat ffalewe, Also swyfft as ony swalewe. cl300 Reinbrun 661.91.1: Swift ase swalwe he com ride. cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 475.464-5: His schip bi-gan to go So blive . . . a(s) swaluwe swift. cl380 Ferumhras 132.4231-2: That al so swyftlyche thanne yede, So swolwe doth on flyght. cl400 Laud Troy I 157.5303-4: any, 202.6830-2: any. cl405 Mum 67.1403: a. cl408 Lydgate Reson 140.5356-7: any. cI450 De Claris Mulieríbus 52.1050. al475 Mergarete 239.392: a. al500 Court of Love 444.1298-9: And eke there nis no swallow swift, ne swan So wight of wing, ne half (so) yem can fly. Svartengren 378; Taylor and Whiting 361; Tilley S1023; Whiting Scots II 136. 5924 One Swallow makes not summer 1528 More Heresyes 128 H[14-5]: One swalow maketh not somer. 1546 Heywood D 74.143: One swalowe maketh not sommer. Apperson 612; Oxford 634; Taylor and Whiting 362; Tilley S1025.

Swan Tars 33.12: As white as fether of swan. aI350 Seven Sages С 3.78. cl350 Als у yod in T. Wright Langtoft (RS 47, 1868) II 452[21]: any. cl350 Libeaus 44.773, 81.1457. cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 42.45: swannes federe. al375 Octavian (S) 5.102, 19.554. cl390 Castel of Love 398 var. 721-2: the swan when heo is swymbyng. cl390 Gregorius 26.204: the fether of swan. aI393 Gower CA II 247.797: eny. al400 Eglamour 42.637 (var.), 86.1284. al400 King Edward 962.365: any, aI400 Le Morte Α. 36.1141. al400 Torrent 27.759. cl400 Laud Troy II 494.16761: swannes flawe. cl400 Sowdone 79.2749. cl400 Thomas of Erceldoune 5.68: any. al450 Castle 99.720. cl450 When the son 393.401: swannys kynde. cl455 Partonope S 482.37. cl455 Speculum Misericordie 942.91: a. al470 Malory II 957.37: a. al475 Ludus Coventriae 56.166. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 131[6]: fethers of a Swan. al500 Beves 122 M 2308: any, 181 M 3601-2: any. alSOO Eger H 309.2085. al508 Skelton Fhyllyp 184.1079: the. Svartengren 232; Whiting Scots II 136.

S930a Swan-white 5925 To glide forth like a Swallow al300 Alisaunder 213.3783: So a swalewe he al387 Piers С xxi 215: Other swan-whit alle thynges. cI475 Guy^ 49 С 823: A Girfauk all gynneth forth glide. swanne white. al508 Dunbar Tretis 90.243: 5926 To go like a Swallow Thai swanquhit of hewis. NED Swan-white. 01489 Caxton Aymon I 258.30-1: Bayarde . . . went lyke a sualowe. Taylor and Whiting 362. 5931 A black Swan al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa B2''[2.23-4]: 5927 To swing and sail about like a Swallow For noo man fyndyth a blacke swanne. Oxford cl450 Idley 173.903: And not to swyngge and 49; Taylor and Whiting 362; Tilley S1027. saille aboute lyk a swalowe. 5932 The Swan sings before its death Swallow (2) cl375 Chaucer Anel. 346-7: But as the swan, 5928 The Swallows (abysses) of the sea and hell I have herd seyd ful yore, Ayeins his deth shal receive all singen his penaunce, cl380 PF 342; The jelous swan, ayens his deth that syngeth, cl386 LGW el400 Of Prelates in Wyclif £W97[29-30]: Thai 1355-6: "Ryght so," quod she, "as that the may be wel licned to swolwis of the see and helle, that resceyven al that thei may and yelden white swan Ayens his deth begynnyth for to synge." al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa not agen. Cf. Tilley S181. B2^'[l. 15-20]: And whan she shall deye and that 5929 As fair and clean as Swan's feather a fether is pyght in the brayne, thenne she cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 7.212-3: And syngyth. And agaynst the usage of other bestes then hire eghen wenten to geder. And feir and in stede of gronyng the swanne syngyth, as dene as swannes fether. Ambrose sayth. cl408 Lydgate Reson 34.1247-8: So as the Swan, this is no nay, Syngeth to forn 5930 As white as (the, any, a) Swan al300 Maximian 99.241: Levedies wiit so swan. his fatal day, 1446 Nightingale, ed. Otto Glaunig (EETS ES 80, 1900) l[2-3]: Lyke as the swan сХЗОО Amis 58.1359. cl300 Robert of Gloucester syngeth Afore his deth, al449 Look in MP II II 831.13: Verst threo hundred Steden so white 766.26-8: The yelwe Swan . . . Ageyn his deth so the swan. cl325 Alysoun 139.27: the. cl325 Chronicle 22.536: the. cl330 Horn Childe 180.77: melodyously syngyng. His fatal notys pitous That er wer white so fether on swan. cl330 and lamentable. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 151[6-9]: St. Katherine 259.752: Here swyre was whyt as She . . . murmured for sorow as a Swanne ony swan. cl330 Seven Sages A 2 E 52. сХЗЗО deyeng, whyche syngeth ayenst her deth, 1481

Swan

570

S933

Mirror 103[34]: The swanne syngeth ofte to fore And borowith till no man will lend hym, He may her deth, cl489 Aymon I 225.27-8: They were go ther no man knowith hym. Apperson 613. as the swan that syngeth that yere that he shal 5940 In the Sweat of one's face shall he eat deye, II 511.3-4: I byleve that they ben as the bread (varied) s wane is whan he shall deye. 1493 Tretyse of Love 112.7-8: The swann . . . that is of suche al023 Abbo Sermo de Cena Domini in Wulfstan Homilies 368.29-30: On swate Sines andwlitan nature that whan she shall deye she singyth. alSOO Kennedy 13.21-2: Rycht as the swan for {>u scealt Öines hlafes brucan, 370.86-7. al200 Trinity College Homilies 18I[11]: On thine sorrow singis Befoir hir deid ane littell space. nebbes swote thu shalt thin bred noten. aI382 Apperson 612-3; Oxford 634; Taylor and WhitWBible Cenesis iii 19: In the swoot of thi chere, ing 362; Tilley S1028; Whiting Drama 366: or face, thou shalt ete thi brede. c l 3 9 0 Charter 880, Scots II 136. of the Abbey in Yorbhire Writers I 344[14]: In swynke and in swete of thi visage thou schalt 5933 The Swan sings in one note eten thi bred. al425 Life of Adam and Eve in c l 4 5 0 Idley 86.348: Syngge in oo note as doith Wheatley MS. 80.9-10: In the swoot of thi face a swan. See C600. or cheer thou schalt ete thi breed. c l 4 4 0 Daily 5934 To be (not) like the Swan Work in Yorkshire Writers I 313[39-40]: In aI325 Cursor II 996 CG 17371: His clething als swete of thi face thou sail ete thi brede. 1483 the suan his suire. alSOO Lover's Mocking Reply Caxton Golden Legende 236"[2.11-3]: vysage. in Robbins 221.31: And yelow tethe not lyk to al500 Bemardus De Cura 15.357-8: Expendande the swan. ay thi wynnyng and rychess Be ewyne compenss 5935 To deny that the Swan is white and the to the swet of thi face. 1529 More Supplicacion 303 E[4-5]: Get their living in the swete of crow black theire faces, 1534 Passion 1275 В[10-1]. Modern 1529 More Supplicacion 324 0 [ 6 - 8 ] : They . . . wil rather denye that the swan is whyte, and the Language Forum 24(1939) 71; Tilley S1031. crowe blacke. Whiting Drama 113.

5941 To drink one's own Sweat al393 Cower CA II 73.1390: Thus drinke I in 5936 To walk (foot it) like a Swan cl395 Chaucer CT II1[D] 1930: Walkynge as a myn oghne swot. See D405. swan. cI516 Skelton Magnificence 25.765: Yet 5942 After Sweet the sour comes (varied) thou fotys it lyke a swanne. al352 Minot 32.44: For first thai drank of the swete and sethin of the sowre. al393 Cower 5937 To be like a Swarm of bees 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 137.172-4: Lyke a CA II 68.1190-1: Fulofte and thus the swete swarme of bees from dyvers nación . . . Danes, soureth, Whan it is knowe to the tast, III 197. 1127: That erst was swete is thanne sour. cI400 Cotes, Norwayes. See B177. Beryn 29.898: Aftir swete, the sour comyth, full 5938 He that Swears craftily manswears {swears offt, in many a piase. cI405 Mum 57.1050: Whenne thay have soope the swete, the soure falsely) (varied) c l 4 0 0 Scottish Troy 245.590-3: Inne-to proverbe cometh aftre. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MF II seyde ofte I-wyss: That he that swerys craftely, 509.701-7: Who that wil entren to tamen of Mansweris craftely for-thy. cl415 Middle Eng- the sweete, He must as weel taken his aventure lish Sermons 109.36-7: And therfore who that To taste in bittir, or he the vessel leete. And will gladely swere, gladely will be-gile. cI450 bothe ilich of strong herte endure; He may nat Consail and Teiching 76.377-8: Suer nevir bot dense the thykke from the pure: Fo(r), who that thow compellyt bee. For leif to suere is leif to wil swetnesse first abroche. He mot be war, or lee. cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 43.1168-9: bittir wol approche. c l 4 7 5 Court of Sapience And where Me swereth ofte, it is deceptioun. 138.369-70: And ryght as swete hath hys аргусе al470 Parker Dives Ρ8"·[2.14-5]: For comonly by sowre, So by trespas Mercy hath all her grete swerers and usaunt swerers ben full false. myght. Oxford 635, 705-6; Taylor and Whiting Apperson 613: He that will swear; Oxford 635; 362; Whiting Scote II 136. See M476. R. M. Smith in MLN 65(1950) 442-3; Tilley 5943 He knows not Sweet(ness) that never S1030. See S954. tasted bitter(ness) 5939 He that Swears till no man trust him, etc. c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 13.29: Ne wat swetes al500 Hill 140.112: He that swerith till no man Sane se {le biteres ne onbyrgeS. Nescit suave trist hym, And lyeth till no man beleve hym. diligere qui amarum non gustaverit. cI385

S958

571

Chaucer ТС i 638-9: For how myghte evere swetnesse han ben knowe To him that nevere tasted bitternesse? al500 Thre Prestís 16.226: Quhy suld he haf the sweit had nocht the sowre? clSOO King Hart 109.13-4: Quha gustis sweit, and feld nevir of the sowre, Qvihat can (he) say? How may he seasoun juge? Whiting Scote II 136. See N107, S141, TUO. 5944 Sweet is sweeter after bitterness 1420 Lydgate Temple 52.1251: And swete is swettir eftir bittemes. See B352, W153. 5945 Take the Sweet(ness) with the sour 1509 Barclay Ship 1 39[20]: Take ye in good worth the swetnes with the Sour. 1546 Heywood D 67.60: Take the sweete with the sowre. Apperson 614; Oxford 636; Tilley S1038. See B324, R220. 5946 For much Sweetness endure a little sour 1509 Barclay Ship 1196[18]: For moche swetnes, endure thou a lytell soure. Cf. Apperson 613-4; Oxford 137; Tilley S1035. 5947 The Sweetness of this world is mixed with bitterness (the sour) 897 Alfred Boethius 25.7-8: Wiö swiôe monige bitemesse is gemenged sio swetnes J)isse worulde. 1509 Barclay Ship 1 206[12-4]: For who in this worlde wyll come to avantage . . . Shall fynde the swetnes mengled with the sowre. See J59.

Swine 3091[B4281]: For swevenes been but vanytees and japes. al393 Gower CA II 380.2918-21: A man mai finde of time ago That many a swevene hath be certein, Al be it so, that som men sein That swevenes ben of no credence. al400 ?Chaucer Rom. A 1-2: Many men sayn that in sweveninges Ther nys but fables and lesynges. al400 Titus 204.4516: Swevenes beth but a foles spelle. al450 Gesta (second version) 210[ll-2]: Behold . . . what dremes ar, nought but vanyte and vayn! cl450 Idley 114.384-7: Aliso trowe thou not ony wyse in dremes, Ffor Clerkis seye it is ofte but vanyte That ebbeth and floweth as wilde stremes, That is not in certen ne never shall bee. c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 108.40: A strawe for dreames, they be but vanitie. Tilley D587. See D387.

5953 A Swike (traitor) beswikes himself c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary (Laud) 335.394: Thare he him-seolf, ase everech swyke doth, him-seolf he bi-swokl 5954 Who swears to be Swike becomes forsworn al400 Destruction of Troy 386.11832-3: But in proverbe hit is put with prise men of wit, "Who that sweyres to be swike, he forswome worthes." Guido de Columnis Historia Destructionis Troiae, ed. Nathaniel E. Griffin (Cambridge, Mass., 1936) 23Ц23-4]: Quod verum est, licet in proverbio dictum sit: "Qui artificiose jurat, artificiose peήurat." See S938.

5948 Sweetness shall tum to gall Swine, see Hog, Pig, Sow c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve Regement 47.1299: Al that 5955 As drunk as (any) Swine swetnesse tourne schal to gal. See H433, S871. al500 Colyn Blowbol 92.7: Till he was drounke 5949 Swell not that you burst not as any sviyne, 100.162: any. 1513 Douglas 1484 Caxton Aesop 6Ц18-9]: Wherfore men Aeneid III 187.28: Drunk as swyne, 192.20. sayn comynly, Swelle not thy self to thende c l 5 1 5 Barclay Eclogues 134.705. Apperson 167; that thow breste not. Tilley S1042; Whiting Scote II 137. See S534. 5950 To fall with one's own Sweng (blow) 5956 As full as Swine c l 2 5 0 Owl 108.1285-6: Go so hit go, at eche 1509 Barclay Ship II 328[9]: Theyr wombe to fenge Thu fallest mid thine ahene swenge. See fede tyll they be full as swyne, cl515 Eclogues S848, T534, W711. 74.613. Cf. Whiting Scote II 137: fat. 5951 Of Swevens (dreams) one finds the con- 5957 As rough as a Swine al425 Arthour and Ы? 321.980: And rough as trary c l 4 0 0 Beryn 5.108: Ffor comynly of these a swyn he wes. 1481 Caxton Mirror 84[33]: swevenys the contrary men shul fynde. Apperson Peple ther ben that also Rowhe as swyne. 164; Oxford 157; Taylor and Whiting 110-1; 5958 As swollen as Swine (etc.) (A number of Tilley D588. single quotations are brought together here) 5952 Swevens (Dreams) are but vanities al400 Siege of Jerusalem 67.1145: S(ome) swallen c l 3 4 8 Rolle Form in Allen R. Rolle 93.137-8: (cars.: swonyng, swollyng, swellede, swellyn) For whare many dremes er, thare er many as swyn. al425 Chester Plays II 341.264-5: All vanitees. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 2922[В4112]: bemased in a sowne, As we had bene sticked Nothyng, God woot, but vanitee in sweven is. swyne. 1509 Barclay Ship II 263[14]: Behave

Swine

572

they moche bestelyer than swyne. 1509 Watson Ship ΐΓ[27]: Lubryke as swyne.

S959 All be-mased in a sowne As we had bene sticked swyne. c l 4 7 0 Wallace 130.658: The Scottis all as swyne lyis droukyn thar. al533 Berners AHhur 484[4]. Whiting Scots II 137. See H405.

5959 Every one feeds the fat Swine for the smear (lard) al325 Hendyng С 189-90.41: Ever man fedit the fat swine for the smere. Kneuer 51; Oxford 5967 To live like Swine c l 4 0 0 Why Poor Priests in Wyclif EW 253[18-9]: 24; Schleich 271; Singer III 138. See H403. Thei lyven now as swyn in fleschly lustis. cl515 5960 He should eat of the Swine that meddles Barclay Eclogues 207.726: Discorde and brauling among the bran and living like to swine. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 8[8-9]: It is reson that he of the sviane ete that medlyth 5968 To rout (snore) like drunken Swine (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought amonge te bren. together here) 8961 "Now it is in the Swine's judgement," said al393 Gower CA III 136.6894-5: The servantz the churl (as he) sat on the boar's back lich to drunke Swyn Begunne forto route faste. c l 0 2 5 Durham Proverbs 11.10: Nu hit ys on al400 Cloud 119.8: And wantounly weltre, as swines dome, cwaejj se ceorl saet on eofores a swine in the myre. cl400 Laud Troy I 169. hricge. Nunc in judicio porci dixit maritus 5707: He cleff Gregeis as men do swyn, 184. sedens in apro. 6243-4: He eleve him doun by the chyn, As it 5962 The Swine loves to lie in the fen (varied) hadde ben a lard swyn. cl400 Of Prelates in 897 Alfred Boethim 115.6-10: He biS anlicost Wyclif EW 62[32-3]: And bathe hem in lustis fettum swinum {>e syle willaS licgan on fulum of synne as swyn in feen. c l 4 0 0 Satan and his Children in Wyclif EW 217[8-9]: To walwe in solum, and naefre nellaö aspyligan on hluttrum waetrum; ac J)eah hi seldum hwonne beswemde glotonye and drounkenesse as swyn in the feen. weoröen, ¡зоппе sleaö hi eft on Sa solu and al450 Castle 110.1111-2: I schuld be stekyd as bewealwiaS hi jDseron. clOOO Aelfric Homilies a swyne with a lothly launce. al470 Malory II II 380[10-1]: Swa swa swyn deô, Se cyrö to 526.14-6: And they twenty knyghtes hylde meoxe aefter his Öweale (washing), a1225 Lam- them ever togydir as wylde svvyne, and none 151.349: beth Homilies 81 [13-4]: And (he) luveth his wolde fayle other. c l 4 7 0 Wallace sunnen alse deth thet fette swin thet fule fen Throuch full gluttre in swarff swappyt lik svv^. c l 4 8 9 Caxton Aymon II 505.5-6: And smote to liggen in. See H567. theim doun two and two at ones, as swynes. 5963 A Swine overfat is cause of his own bane al500 Partenay 113.3215: He vomed And swatte, 1549 Haywood D 84.129: A swyne over fatte A swine resembling. See H407. is cause of his owne bane. Apperson 615; Oxford 637; Tilley S1043; Whiting Scots 136-7. 5969 To sit like a Swine с1325 On the Follies of Fashion in Brown Lyrics 5964 To die like (a) Svdne ХШ 133.23: He sitteth ase a slat (baited) swyn c l 4 2 0 Page Siege 182.918: And for defaute dyen that hongeth is eren. aI375 Octavian (S) 2.11-2: lyke swyne. aI425 Higden-Trevisa Cont. VIII But as a swyn with lowryng cher All gronne he 510[38-9]: Y dye in this wyse lyke a swyne. sytte. Whiting Drama 329:320. 5970 To sleep like (a, the) Svrine 5965 To fall like a (any) Swine 1340 Ayenbite 179[23-4]: He slepth ine his c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VI[C] 556: Thou fallest as zenne, ase deth thet zuyn ine the wose. cl390 it were a styked swyn. al500 Guy* 96.2984: Chaucer CT I1[B] 745: Whil he sleep as a swyn. That dead he fell as any swyne. 1509 Watson c l 3 9 0 Mercy Passes All Things in Brovm Lyrics Ship Dd5''[28]: Fallynge in the fylthe and myre XIV 130.164: We siepe as swolle swyn in lake. lyke swyne. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 183.14-5: He slepeth in his synne as the swyn that lith in a foule 5966 To lie like (a) Swine slowgh ful of gruttes. cl410 Lovelich Merlin al325 Flemish Insurrection 117.42: Hue leyghen III 585.21970: Wherfore as swyn they lyn and y the stretes ystyked ase swyn. c l 3 3 0 Otuel Siepe. al439 Lydgate Fall II 395.2369: dronke 109.1502: That there he lay as a stiked swin. swyn. c l 4 7 0 Wallace 151.357. 1481 Caxton cl400 Laud Troy II 388.13166: And lye here Mirror 19[29]: the, 1484 Royal Book 06''[I8-9]: stynkyng as a swyne. al425 Chester Plays II Slepeth in his synne lyke a swyn in the dunge. 341.263-5: And lefte us lying, 1 wott near howl

S981

573

1522 More Treatyce 97 A[16-7]: Lye down and siepe like a swine. Svartengren 168; Whiting Scots II 137. See G467, H408. 5971 To wallow like Swine 1340 Ayenbite 126[17-8]: We waleweth ase zuyn hyer benethe ine thise wose of thise wordle. Whiting Drama 329:320. 5972 When Swine are cunning in all points of music {i.e., never) alSOO Greene Carols 402.4: Whan swyn be conyng in al poyntes of musyke, And asses be docturs of every scyens. See A227. 5973 After Swink (trouble) comes joy cl350 Alexander В 208.921: And aftur swaginge of swine swithe cometh joie. See J61.

Sword shrewed to Jape with naked swerdes. Tilley J45. See K88.

5978 They that take the Sword shall perish by the sword (varied) clOOO WSG Matthew xxvi 52: Witodlice ealle {за Se svmrd nymaS, mid swurde hig forwurJiaS. cl280 Southern Passion 42.1162: Who-so smyt with swerd he worth y-smyte with swerd also. al325 Cursor II 902.15801-2: He that smitand es wit suerd, О suerd sal ha the wite. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 339[13]: With suerd that smote, with suerd suld be smyten. cl350 Apocalypse 101.10: That with swerd sleeth most be sleyn with swerd. cl385 Usk 73.119-20: He that with swerde smyteth, with swerde shal be smitten. cl395 WBible Matthew xxvi 52: For alle that taken swerd, schulen perische bi swerd. aI400 Wyclif Sermons I 123[25-7]. cl400 Pepysian Gospel 92.2-3. cl400 Plowman's Tale 155.245-6. aI425 Chester Plays II 278.342-3. a1425 Northern Passion 56 CDd 5R9-70, 56 A 569-70: Wo so that with swerdis wyrkis bale He sail hafe the same dale, 57 H 569-70. al450 York Plays 259.148: For he that strikis with a swerd with a swerde schall be streken. al470 Parker Dives N3'[2.19-20]. al475 Ludus Coventriae 266.1000. Taylor and Whiting 363. See E186, S373, 405, 914.

5974 As sharp as (a, any) Sword(s) al300 Alisaunder 347.6526: The home is sharp als a swerd, 350 L 5336-7: sweordis egge. cl390 Psalterium b. Mariae 71.499-500: swerd that kerveth Mayle. cl395 WBible Proverbs ν 4: a. al400 NoHhem Verse Psalter I 179 (56.5[6]): And thaire tunge scharp swerde es swa. al400 Qui Habitat 10.2: a. cl400 Mandeville Travels 168.18-9: a. al440 Burgh Cato 306.102. cl440 Charles of Orleans 213.6364: poynt of swerd. cl440 Prose Alexander 74.34-5: a, 106.32-3; swerdes. cl450 Owayne Miles (Bromé) 98.416 ony. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 200''[2.35-6] 5979 To have a (naked) Sword over one's head a. al500 Court of Love 424.544. al500 Ghostly 897 Alfred Boethius 65.28-66.1: Eala, hwaet Battle in Yorkshire Writers II 424[28]: any two- Öaet biS gesselig mon )зе him ealne weg ne egede swerde. cl500 Newton 265.11: any. hangaö nacod sweord ofer Sas heafde be smale 1509 Fyftene Joyes I8'[15]. Svartengren 256; {jraede, swa swa me git symle dyde. 1509 Whiting Scots II 137. Fisher Treatyse 28.34-5: For truly over our hedes hangeth a swerde. 1511 Hawes Comforte 5975 He that strikes with the Sword shall be Bl''[8-9]: By a sylken threde small as ony heere. served (stricken) with the scabbard Over I sawe hange a swerde full ponderous. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 191.277-8: And ther- Oxford 637: Damocles; Taylor and Whiting fore all suche as with the sworde do strike 363. See H99, T244. Feare to be served with the scaberd like. 1546 Heywood D 80.16-7: The proverbe saith, he 5980 To pierce like a Sword I 444[31-2]: His that striketh with the swoorde, Shalbe strikyn clOOO Aelfric Homilies with the scaberde. Apperson 615; Oxford 626; Srowung swa swa swurd J>urhferde hire sawle. al325 Bonaventura Meditations 4.99: Thys Tilley S1047. voys as a swerd here hertes persed. cl400 Paues 5976 It is hard to make a two-handed Sword 95 Hebrews 4.12: Goddes word is . . . more persynge than eny two-egged swerd. of a cow's tail cl515 Barclay Eclogues 194.361-2: And harde 5981 To rend the Sword out of the hands of is also to make withouten fayle A bright two Hercules hande sworde of a cowes tayle, cl523 Mirrour cl385 Usk 3.85-8: Who is thilke that wil not 24[7]: None maketh twohande sworde of plyant in scome laughe, to here a dwarfe, or else cowes tayle. See S316. hälfe a man, say he wil rende out the swerde of Hercules handes, and also he shuld sette 5977 It is shrewd (dangerous) to jape (jest) with Hercules Gades a myle yet ferther. Whiting naked Swords 1508(1519) Stanbridge Vulgaria 20.12: It is Drama 349:622.

T I To touch one's Tabard (i.e., pay him back) cl400 Beryn 7.190: That I noi touch his taberd, somwhat of his care!

1556 Heywood Spider 218[5]: Tag and rag, like lions: raging now rage thay. Apperson 616; Oxford 638; Taylor and Whiting 364; Tilley Τ10.

T2 To tum one's Tabard (tippet) T8 To be tickle of (under) the Tail (toe) cl400 Brut I 273.8-10; Wherfore the Scottes, al376 Piers A iii 126: Heo is tikel of hire tayl. in despite of him (BalioT), callede him "Sir cl450 Greene Carols 403.4: And under the tayl John Turnetabard," for cause that he wolde they (maidens) ben ful tekyl. al475 Ludtts Conought offende or trespasse ageynes Kyng Edventriae 126.63-4: Of hire tayle ofte tyme be ward of Engeland. 1546 Heywood D 61.95; So lyght And rygh tekyl undyr the too. cl475 turned they their typpets by way of exchaunge, Prohemy of a Mariage ЗЦ10-1]: Canst thou no 1555 E 156.68. Apperson 651-2; Oxford 676; better come to holynesse. Than lese thiself al Tilley T353. for a tikeltaylle. NED Tickle-tail. T3 As plain (flat) as a Table T9 To be without Tail or head al400 Alexander С 227.4138: Bot all as . . . 1481 Caxton Reynard 65[10]: And leve theyr playn as a playn table. mater wythout tayl or heed. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 176:10. See H244. T4 As taut as any Tabor cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 2267-8: Thanne shal TIO To have one's Tail cut (docked) this cherl, with bely stif and toght As any ta- с1330 Body and Soul 26.40: Thi tayl is cutted bour. al400 Throw hys hand in Archiv 166(1935) the ful neighe.,1418 Document in R. W. Cham196.15-6: Als touit als any tabour skynne, our bers and M. Daunt Book of London English lord lay tyght on tente. Our lord lay touyd in (Oxford, 1931) 294[27-8]: Y wolde breke hys tente i-tyghth, no tabour tighht So toughht. Cf. sege and make hem of Roon dokke hys tayle. Svartengren 259. al475 Against the Lollards in Wright Political Poems II 245[31-2]: By reson thei shul not long T5 To have (hold) Tack with al420 Lydgate Troy I 138.4258-9: Here lith route. While the taile is docked of lollardie. on ded, ther a-nother wounded. So that thei MED dokken 1(b).

myght with hem have no tak. cl516 Skelton Т И To have one's Tail tagged (i.e., to be in Magnificence 65.2084: A thousande pounde with trouble) Lyberte may holde no tacke. NED Tack sb.^ al500 Thre Prestís 45.1043: And I cum thair 11a. my tail it wil be taggit. See note, pp. 84-5.

T6 To stand to one's Tackling T12 To keep at the Tail of an old dog 1532 More Confutación 461 G[3-4]: He would 1485 Caxton Charles 121.17-9: Syr Admyral, honestlye stände to his tacklinge. 1562 Heywood by le ve men another tyme: Alwaye atte tayl of E 244.86.1: Art thou in Newgate to stand to thy an olde dogge kepe you. French (note, p. 260): tacklyng? 1556 Spider 271[3]: Sticke to your Tousjours a la cue dung viel chien vous tenez. takling. Tilley T7; Whiting Drama 365:871. T13 Stealing Tailors T7 Tag and rag 1509 Barclay Ship II 307[3]: All stelyng taylers. 574

тзз

575

Tale

al513 Dunbar Sowtar 123.17-8: For, quhill the T23 False Tales are better believed than good greit sie flowis and ebbis, Telyouris will nevir al500 English Conquest 103.9-10: As ofte be trew. Cf. Oxford 342: Knavery, 525: Put; maner is, that fais talys ben bettyr belewid, Tilley K152, M957, T22; Whiting Scote II 137. and lengyr thoght, than good. T14 Take it or leave it T24 A flattering Tale is soon heard 1519 Herman Vulgaria 335[20]: Say or tell at a 1519 Horman Vulgaria 87[9]: A flaterynge tale worde: What is the leste price, take it or leve it. is soone harde. See M121. Eloquere de stato precio. Oxford 640; Tilley T28. T25 A good Tale ill told is marred in the telling 1549 Heywood D 84.155: A good tale yll tolde, T15 To Take as one finds al325 Cursor II 660.11517-8: Bot that thai faand, in the tellyng is marde. Apperson 262-3; Oxford wit-uten wand Thai tok, and thanked godd his 642; Tilley T38; Whiting Scots II 138. sand. al439 Lydgate Fall III 680.198: Men must T26 A good Tale twice told is the better at lepis take me as thei fynde. al470 Malory II al415 Mirk Festial 177.13-4: And thoghe a good 510.11: As I fynde the, I shall take thel III tale be twys tolde, hit is the bettyr to lemen 1122.19: And therefore I woll take you as I and forto undurstond. Apperson 618; Oxford fynde you. cl475 Henryson Testament 124.566: 642; Tilley T39. Thairfoir, I reid, ye tak thame as ye find. clSOO Lady Bessy 7[16]: I will him take as I him find. T27 Good Tales ill taken may make the teller 01516 Skelton Magnificence 45.1438-9: And so smart as ye se it wyll be no better. Take it in worthe 1556 Heywood Spider 325[19]: Good tales ill such as ye fynde. Tilley T29; Whiting Scots II taken, may make the teller smart. 138. See P350. T28 One should not believe every fleying (frightening) Tale T16 To Take one as he means cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 59.250: I have herde 1460 Paston III 216[15]: And take me as I mene. wyse men say many tymes that a mann sholde Oxford 641. not beleve every fleynge tale. T17 To think to Take but to be taken T29 A Tale of a tub 1525 Berners Froissart V 338[24-5]: We thought 1532 More Confutación 371 H[l-2]: Ye shal to take, but I feare we be taken. See P232. find all his processe ther in a fayre tale of a tub, 576 В[13-4]. Apperson 618; Oxford 643; Tilley T18 Take Heed is a fair thing 1546 Heywood D 89.42: Take heede is a faire T45; Whiting Drama 368:913.

thing. Apperson 617; Oxford 640; Tilley T33. T30 A Tale that flies through many mouths See A62. catches many new feathers 1528 More Heresyes 238 B[7-9]: A tale that T19 Be not blind(ed) with fair Tales fleeth thorowe manye mouthes, catcheth manye al500 О man more 394.34: With faire tales be newe fethers. Cf. Tilley T43. nott thou blynde. See S601, W584.

T20 Beware of him that tells Tales T31 Thereby lies a Tale al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.123-4: Be ware al500 Assembly 380.21: And therby lyth a tale. of hym, that tel-the talis. Lest thou have harme 1523 Skelton Garlande I 409.1200: Yet, thoughe and be brought yn balis. Oxford 525: Put. I say it, thereby lyith a tale. Oxford 648; Tilley T48. T21 Each Tale is ended as it has favor al449 Lydgate World in MP II 847.106-8: This T32 To hear but the first Tale proverbe present, Ech tale is endid, as it hath c l 5 i e Skelton Magnificence 24.742-3: I make favour. For among many ech man seith his them so fonde. That they wyll here no man entent. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees but the fyrst tale. Cf. Apperson 473: One tale; 51.1584-5: Me doth counforte a proverbe in Oxford 477: One tale is good; Tilley T42. See myn entent; "Ech tale is endyd as it hath P42. favour." Apperson 618. T33 To tell one a Tale and find him ears 1546 Heywood D 91.38: He must both tell you T22 A false Tale is soon told cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.167: A fais tale is sone a tale, and fynde you eares. Apperson 621-2; Oxford 646; Tilley T41. tolde.

Tale

576

T34 To tell one another Tale 1481 Caxton Reynard 94[15-6]: I shal telle hym a nother tale. Tilley T49. T35 To tell Tales out of school 1549 Heywood D 35.21: To tell tales out of schoole, that is hir great lust. Apperson 619; Oxford 643; Taylor and Whiting 365; Tilley T54. т з е By merry Talking long time seems short cl515 Barclay Eclogues 53.67-8: By mery talking long time seemeth short. In frendly speeche is solace and comfort. See C394, 398.

T34

begynnyng causith vertued (var. vertuhede). al500 Assembly 393.418-20: The rather sped, the soner may we go. Gret cost alway ther is in tarying; And long to sewe, it is a wery thing. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 433[31]: Longe taryenge is hurtfull: whan nede is to hye. See D157, 450, P145. T45 Tarrying tines (loses) thanks (varied) cl475 Henryson Fables 78.2269: This tarying wyll tyne the all thy thank, с1500 Melusine 111.28-9: For long taryeng quenchith moch the vertu of the yefte. Tilley T72. See G76.

T37 Much Talking lets (hinders) T46 He that haunts Taverns forsakes his thrift 1484 Caxton Aesop 132[1]: Oftyme moche talkcl350 Good Wife E 160.50-1: That taverne ynge letteth, 133[l-3]: And therfor over moche hantet Is thrift forsaket, al500 N 211.61-2: talkyng letteth and to moche crowynge smartFor who the taverne usis His thrift he refusis. eth. See LOT. Apperson 620. T38 As swart as Tan T47 Tavern boughs (bush) affect not the wine al508 Skelton Phyllyp 1 79.910-1: With vysage (varied) wan. As swarte as tan. (NED does not have al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 545.20415-24: And at Tan before 1604.) tavemys (with-oute wene) Thys tooknys nor thys T39 As black as Tar bowys grene, Thogh they shewe fFressh and cl450 De Claris Mulieribus 36.725: Blakker ffayre. The wyn they mende nat, nor apeyre. than . . . tarr. Taylor and Whiting 366; WhitNor medie no thyng (thys the ffyn) Of the sale ing Scoti II 138. nor off the wyn. Nor hath nothyng to governe. Off the celer nor taverne: By hem ys no thyng T40 As bright as a Tar-barrel do nor let; They be ther, but for markys set, al513 Dunbar Of Ane Blak-moir 66.12: Schou 567.21258-66: Ryght as, off A tavemer. The blinkis als brycht as ane tar barrell. grene bussh that hangeth out, Ys a synge (yt ys no doute,) Outward, folkys for to telle, That T41 As small as Tares with-Inne ys wyn to sell. And for al that, (I al300 Arthour and M.i 206.7353-4: Thei our you ensure) Yt may falle off aventure, Ffor alle folk tohewen waren To smale morsels, so beth the bowes, rekne echon. That, with-Inne, wyn taren. ys ther noon. Oxford 257-8. See G35, W354. T42 Not worth (set, count) a Tare al300 Alisaunder 313.5992-3: Al that we have T48 The Tavern is the devil's schoolhouse wonne and wroughth Ne helde Ich worth a tare 1340 Ayenbite 56[20-l]: The taverne ys the scole boughth. cl350 Proprium Sanctorum 85.163: of the dyevle. cl400 Vices and Virtues 53.29-30: Hit is not worth a tare. cl385 Chaucer CT The taverne is the develes scole house. cI450 1[A] 1570: Ne sette 1 nat the montance of a Jacob's Well 147.26-7: The taverne . . . may be tare, cl3901[A] 4000: But therof sette the millere clepyd the develys scolehous and the develys nat a tare, 4056: Of al hir art ne counte I chapel. noght a tare. T49 Those are stout and stem at the Tavern T43 As broad as a Targe that tum their heels when strokes begin C 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 470-1: An hat As al300 Richard 286-7.3853-62: Whenne they brood as is . . . a targe. sytte at the taverne, There they be stoute and steme Bostfful wurdes ffor to crake. And off T44 In long Tarrying is noys (harm) (varied) here dedes yelpyng to make . . . But whene al400 Ipomadon A 56.1880-1: In long tarying they comen to the mystere. And see men will come Grette noyse, and that we fynde! begynne strokes dele, Anon they gynne to tume cl450 Idley 103.1351: The longer taryeng, the here hele. See B4I5, F659, M367. more myscheve. 1457 Paston III 115[20-1]: Taryeng drawyth pareli. cl475 Seyinges of T50 How shall he Teach another that cannot wysemen in Archiv 104(1900) 308[20-l]: In teach himself? taryeng is oft full grete drede. Where a a1400 Ancrene (Recluse) 158.6-7: For hou schal

T64

577

Thick

he techen another that can noughth techen TBI Text and gloss (varied) hym selven? See G353, M228, 407, P150, S856. cl386 Chaucer LGW F 328: For in pleyn text, withouten nede of glose, с1390 Who says the T51 As fast as a Tempest Sooth in Brown Lyrics XIV 152.15: To leve the cl489 Caxton Aymon I 259.27: Cam ridyng tixt and take the glose. al400 Romaunt С upon bayarde as faste as tempest. 6555-6: And if men wolde ther-geyn appose The nakid text, and lete the glose. al420 LydT52 To be like a Tempest al300 Arthour and M} 188.6699-700: Thai gate Troy I 24.414: The tixte was hyd, but no arered a cri of more wonder Than tempest о thing the glose. cl450 Idley 90.573: Telleth hem the text and leevith the gloose, 125.1056: I fer or thonder. telle you the texte, expowne ye the gloosel T53 To come (on) hke a Tempest al300 Arthour and M.i 167.5933-4: This thre T62 To pick a Thank and fourti com on hast. With norththen winde cl412 Hoccleve Regement 110.3048-9: But a thank to pike. His lordys wil and witte he so doth tempast. aI533 Berners Huon 292.16-7: The emperour came agaynst hym lyke the justifieth, cl422 Jereslaus's Wife 154.399: And tempest, 300.22-3: They . . . cam togyther lyke so byhoveth a thank us to руке. 1519 Ногшап Vulgaría 102[21]: Leve thy flaterynge wordes the tempest. that goth aboute to руке a thanke. NED Pick T54 To drive in like a Tempest v.i 8b, Pickthank. cl450 Merlin II 209[20-l]: Than thei drive in a-monge hem as tempest of thunder. T63 So many Thedes (countries) so many thews (customs) (varied) T55 To fly like a Tempest 897 Alfred Boethius 43.21-3: Еог{заш{зе >ara cl410 Lovelich Merlin II 383.14303-4: Thanne Öeoda {jeawas sint swiSe ungelice, and hiora in they flyen as stordyly As evere dide tempest gesetenessa swiSe mislica. c900 Maxims in out of the sky. Exeter Book 157.17-8: Aelmihtig god, efenfela bega {jeoda ond Jieawa. cl250 Hendyng О 191.3: T56 To run like (the) Tempest 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 147.26-7: And rennyng Also fele thedes (C dedis), Also fele thewes. as tempeste passid by theyr arowes. al533 cl385 Chaucer TC ii 28: In sondry londes, sonBerners Huon 186.25-6: Sorbryn came rynnynge dry ben usages, 42: Forthi men seyn, ecch contree hath his lawes. cl385 Usk 22.43-4: Eke lyke the tempest. this countrè hath oon maner, and another T57 As sharp as Tenterhooks countrè hath another, 47-8: Dyversitè of nation, cl516 Skelton Magnificence 32.1002: Her naylys dyversitè of lawe. al400 Cleansing 78.12-3 sharpe as tenter hokys. (f. 49''): For divers londes have divers customes, T58 Homely Terms best express homely matter and to the comendable customes ye most obeye 1556 Heywood E 104.21: Homely matters, as to the lawe. 1523 Bemers Froissart I 6[38]: Every nación hath sondrie customes, 1525 IV homly termes dooe best expresse. See L68. 226[14-6]: For in suche maner the worlde is T59 To give Terns (double threes at dice) and governed: for that is not in one countrey, is in another, and therby every thynge is knowen. quemes (fours) al300 Richard 188.2019-21: Temes and quemes Apperson 586; Jente 47; Kneuer 17-8; Oxford (var. Termis and quermis; Strakes ynewe) he 113; Schleich 248-9; Singer III 125; Taylor and gave hym there. And sayd: "Syr, thus thou shalte Whiting 82; Tilley C708, 711; Whiting Drama lere To myssaye thy overhedlynge!" NED Tem 229. See H230. sb.^ В 1 (next example 1856), Queme (only T64 Through Thick and thin example). cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4066: And forth with TOO Testons (debased coins) are gone to Oxford, "wehee," thurgh thikke and thurgh thenne. etc. al420 Lydgate Troy I 214.2427-8: Or I was war, 1562 Heywood E 216.63-4: Testons be gone to thorugh thikke and (thomgh) thinne, A ful gret Oxforde, god be their speede: To Studie in hert I sawe a-fore me renne, al430 Pilgrimage Brasenose there to proceede. These Testons 304.11134-5: Ffor I am ycallyd "youthe"; I looke redde: how like you the same? Tis a passe bothe thorgh thynne and thykke. 1449 Mettooken of grace: they blushe for shame. Tilley ham 41.1108-10: And forth thru thyk and thyn He gan lepe; that nowdyr nettyl, busche, ner T92.

Thick

578

TÓ5

550; Oxford 562; Taylor and Whiting 368; thom Myght hym let. al450 Partonope 17.627-8: Thoroughe thyke and thynne in that fforeste Tilley T109; Whiting Drama 300. See F118. Ryghte faste they soghte, 279.7127-8: Through T68 The great Thieves punish the less (varied) thick and thyn he hyed hym faste. Till al the al387 Higden-Trevisa III 357[5-7]: Zenocrates fiorest he was paste. al470 Malory II 588.19-20: seygh ООП i-lad to the honging, and lowh and He made his horse to ren and fledde as faste as sede, "the gretter theeves punscheth the lasse." he myght thorow thycke and thorow thynne, cl523 Barclay Mirrour 34[8-14]: What difference 685.1-2: When sir Bleoberys saw hym fle he felowed faste after thorow thycke and thorow betwene a great thiefe and a small, . . . The small thiefe is judged, oft time the great is thynne, 721.19. al500 Kyng and the Hermyt in Hazlitt EPF I 15.62-3: And chasyd hym ryght Judge. Oxford 265; Tilley T119. See L456, M94, fast. Both thorow thyke and thine. c l 5 0 0 Lo T77. here is a ladde in MP 14(1916) 7.42: The T69 If one sues (pursues) a Thief he may be fawkoneres rennyng throw thykke and throwe said to run with him thynne. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 246[15-6]: I c l 3 9 5 WBible Isaiah i 23 gloss: Lest it be seid have broughte a geldynge: that wyll bere me of us, if thou suest a theef, thou rennedist with through thycke and thynne. Emi cantherium him. qui me per aequa et iniqua innoxie vehet, 379[31]: He ranne heedlynge through thycke T70 The little Thief is hanged but his resetter (receiver) is saved and thynne. Per aequa et iniqua. Apperson 623; c l 4 5 0 Alphabet I 73.8-10: Ffor commonlie the Oxford 648; Taylor and Whiting 368; Tilley lytle thieff is hanged. Bod his resettyr and his TlOl; Whiting Drama 367:892. mayntynnuer is savid. Cf. Apperson 525; Oxford 534; Tilley R52. See M23, S846, T74. 1 6 5 To take the Thick with the thin al449 Lydgate Fabules in MP II 576.280: Take, T71 Murder not little Thieves, letting greater as hit falleth, the thyk with the thyn. Cf. thieves go Apperson 205: Fat; Oxford 641. See R220. cI523 Barclay Mirrour 33[36-7]: Murther not small thieves, letting greater thieves go WithT66 As like as a Thief (is) to break into Newgate out execution, for feare, favour or mede. Jente 1556 Heywood Spider 62[22-3]: I brake into 274; Oxford 375: Little. See L106, T440. this house now, quoth the flie. Like as a theefe doth breake into newgate. T72 One may better keep him from a Thief than from a liar Τβ7 Deliver a Thief from the gallow(s) and he 1450 Diets 156.33-4: A(nd) yit a man may bethates you after (varied) ter каре him from a thef than from a lier. Cf. c l 3 0 0 Beves 58.1215-8: Thar fore hit is soth Apperson 361: A liar is worse; Oxford 363; isaide And in me rime right wel ilaid: Délivré Tilley L218. a thef fro the galwe. He the hateth after be alle halwel c l 3 0 0 NoHhem Homily Cycle (Edin. T73 There is no Thief without a louke Coll. Phys.) 167[5-8] Bot qua sa leses fra hing(accomplice) ing Thef, or bringes up funding. Of nauther c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 4415-7: And for ther getes he mense ne mede. Ne socour quen he is no theef withoute a lowke. That helpeth havis nede. cl400 Florence 43.1279-81: And hym to wasten and to sowke Of that he brybe toke hym downe that cursyd thefe That afturkan or borwe may. See H410, M69, R60. ward dud hur grete grefe. Ther was nevyr no T74 A Thief and his fellow should have one sawe sotheyr, 58.1708 ff. al439 Lydgate Fall doom (varied) III 762.3253-5: Who saveth a theef whan the c l 3 0 3 Mannyng Handlyng 243.7623-6: Cyt sey гор is knet Aboute his nekke, as olde clerkis men yn the olde lawe. That, of a thefe and write. With sum fais toum the bribour wil hym hys felawe, О dome shul they bothe have. The quite. cl450 La Tour-Landry 201.1-2: He is toon ne tother shul men nat save, 346.11184-6: wel a foole that saveth and respyteth ony theef And the same seyth landes lawe, "That who fro the galhows. 1484 Caxton Aesop 15[5-7]: so consenteth to a thefe. Evene peyne shul As men sayen comynly, yf ye kepe a man fro they have grefe." See M23, T70. the galhows he shalle never love yow after. al500 Beves 58 M 969-71: This ys trewe, by al T75 A Thief must go in thester (dark) weather halowes: Delyver a theeff ffro the galoos. And (varied) he shall wayte the to rob or sloo. Apperson c800 Cynewulf Christ in Exeter Book 27.871-2:

Γ88

579

Thing

[îeof Jjristlice, )зе on Jjystre fareö. On sweartre T86 All overdone Thing deres (harms) niht. c900 Cotton Maxims in ASMP 56.42: Jîeof clOOO Aelfric Lives I 20.162-3: Hit is awryten. sceal gangan Jjyrstrum wederum. al398(1495) Omnia nimia nocent, fast is ealle ofer-done Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ΖΓ[2.27-9]: {Day) is Ising dasriaô. c l 175 Twelfth Century Homilies enmye to theves and makyth theim drede, for 90.27-8. al225 Lambeth Homilies 10Ц22-4]: (0)mnia nimia nocent et temperancia mater theves drede by daye. See E184. virtutem dicitur, thet is on englisc, alle ofer done T76 A Thief of venison can keep a forest best thing denath (for deriath) and imetnesse is aire cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 83-5: A theef of mihta moder. Walther III 584.19838. See M463, venysoun, that hath forlaft His Ukerousnesse 0 6 3 , P383. and al his olde craft, Kan kepe a forest best of any man. Apperson 624; Oxford 472; Tilley T87 All Thing (Everything) has (must have) an end (varied) D191. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2636: Som tyme an ende T77 A Thief should not sit in judgment for ther is of every dede, 3026: Thanne may ye se theft that al this thyng hath ende, ТС iii 615: As a1439 Lydgate Fall III 786.425-7: It sittith nat every thyng hath ende, cl386 LGW 651: Tyl at in no maner wise A theef for theffte to sitte the laste, as every thyng hath ende. cl390 in jugement; A lecherous man a lechour to Against my Will in Brown Lyrics XIV 134.19: chastise. See T68. For everi thing schal have an ende. cl400 Sowdone 26.891: Al thinge moste have an ende. T78 A Thief that has done many a true man cl425 Avowynge 88[16]: Iche ertheli thinke mischief goes at large hase ende. al450 Partorwpe 447.11144: Ye wote cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1325-7: Alias, I se a wele of all thing moste be an ende. al500 serpent or a theef, That many a trewe man Chaucer's Dreme in Speght's Chaucer 357'^[2.52]. hath doon mescheef, Goon at his large. Skeat al500 Man have mynd 54.3. cl500 Fabyan 281. 554[38-9]: All operacion of man hath ende. T79 A Thief will not blin (leave o f f ) till he 1509 Barclay Ship I 268[7]: All worldly thynges hang by the chin at last shall have an ende. 1509 Fisher Treatyse cl330 Seven Sages A 51.1265-6: For thef of 197.33-4: All erthly thynges be mutable and steling wil nowt blinne. Til he honge bi the shall have an ende. 1525 Berners Froissart IV chinne. Cf. Jente 616. 70[39-40]: Yet it cannat be alwayes thus; at last it must nedes have an ende, 1532 Golden Boke T80 To be bound like a Thief 261.4716-7: Al thingis hath an ende at last by cl400 Sowdone 76.2656: That bounde was as a deth, al533 Huon 74.23-4: All thynges creatyd thefe fast. in this mortali world must nedys have an ende. T81 To dread as Thief does club 1556 Heywood Spider 396[8-9]: As who seie: cl300 Havelok 76.2289: He dredden him so thef things most long after beginning: Yet must they doth clubbe. (at last) nedlie cum to an ende. Apperson 8: Oxford 180; Skeat 224; Taylor and Whiting 369 T82 To hang like a Thief Tilley E120. See F92, L87, N154, 161, W431 al450 Generydes A 41.1307: He heng as high as any thefe. al450 York Plays 363.142: Hyngis as a theffe. al475 Ludus Coventriae 303.900-1: T88 All Thing (Everything) has time (varied) cl382 WBible Ecclesiastes iii 1; Alle thingus My swete sone . . . As a theff on eros doth han time. cl385 Chaucer TC ii 989: For every honge. thing hath tyme, iii 855: Nece, alle thyng hath T83 When Thieves fall out true men come to tyme, I dar avowe. cl390 Hilton Mixed Life their good (Vernon) in Yorkshire Writers I 291[6-7]: Omnia 1546 Heywood D 93.108: Whan theeves fall tempus hahent: Al thing hath tyme. al393 out, true men come to their goode, 1555 E Cower CA III 149.7186-7: But tak this lore into thi wit. That alle thing hath time and stede. 173.151. Apperson 625; Oxford 649; Tilley T122. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1475: But alle thyng T84 As hollow as a Thimble hath tyme, IV[E] 6: But Salomon seith "every 1506 Kalender 88.17: As holowe as a thymble. thyng hath tyme," 1972: For alle thyng hath tyme, as seyn thise Clerkes. al400 Active and T85 As round as a Thimble Contemplative Life in Perry English Prose Treaal500 Carpenter's Tools 80.18: I ame as rounde tises 43.4-5: The wyse man sayse, "Omnis as a thymbyll.

Thing

580

tempus habent." That es, "all thyngis hase tyme." al400 Double Comminge in Yorkshire Writers II 61[6]. cl405 Mum 20.278. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 297.10863-4: Ech thyng (shortly for to ryme,) Muste duely have hys tyme. aI437 Kingis Quair 82.133[1]: thus sais Ecclesiaste. cl450 Consail and Teiching 76.353. cl450 Douce MS.52 57.141. cl450 Rylands MS.394 108.8. al475 Sí. Birgitta 72.34. al475 Wright's Chaste Wife (EETS 12, 1865) 2.26-7: As tyme comyth of alle thyng, (So seyth the profesye). cl475 Wisdom 49.401: dew tymes. 1483 Caxton Cato Ε7'·[24], G3''[6-7]: Al thynges have bothe theyr tyme and place. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus I3[14]: Alle thynges have theyre seasons and tyme. 1509 Barclay Ship II 46[15]: For every thynge god hath a tyme purvayde. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 174.2. al529 Skelton On Tyme I 137.1-2: Ye may here now, in this ryme, How every thing must have a tyme, 8: All thynge hath tyme, who can for it provyde. Apperson 192; Jente 63; Oxford 180, 659; Smith 298; Tilley T314; Walther III 621.20086-7; Whiting Scots 1 164. See T313.

T89

T96 All Thing that seems sooth is not al400 Romaunt С 7544: It is nat al soth thyng that semeth. See G282. T97 All Things are changeable 1456 Hay Governaunce 153.5: All thingis ar changeable. 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio A8''[23-4]: All thynges aliter or chaung their tymes or all thyngis be chaungeable. Smith 23; Tilley C233. T98 All Things are common among friends 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio P8''[21-2]: It is an olde byworde, all thyngis are common amonge frendys. Oxford 650; Smith 125; Tilley F729. See N47.

T99 All Things must go (pass) (varied) c700 Deor in Exeter Book 178.7: fiaes ofereode, jjisses swa maeg, 13, 17, 20, 27, 42. al439 Lydgate Fall II 338.355-7: As flowe and ebbe al worldli thyng mut gon; For afftir flodis off Fortunys tyde. The ebbe folweth, and will no man abide. al449 PLydgate Pageant of Knowledge in MP II 733.268-9: All erthely thynges sodenly do passe Whyche may have here no seker abydyng, 738.125-6. al500 Arundel MS. T89 All Thing is gay that is green 1546 Heywood D 61.81: All thing is gay that in Robbins-Cutler 3823.5: All thinges schal passe save to love god aloone. is greene. Tilley T161. See T117. T90 All Thing is proved and tried at the last TlOO All Things that are like will be under1515 Barclay St. George 102.2570: All thynge stood (when) together is provyd and tryed at the last. See E81, T326. 1481 Tulle of Olde Age 6[31-3]: Ffor aftir the auncient proverbe, all thyngys which be like of T91 All Thing is worse when it is worn (for the resemblant exsamples wold be undirstonde wearing) assemblyd and gaderd to gedyr. See L272. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 15.451: All thynge is worse whan it is wome. 1546 Heywood D 61.83: TlOl All worldly Thing has but a season cl470 Wallace 48.9: All warldly thing has nocht All thyng is the woors for the wearyng. Tilley bot a sesoune. Cf. Whiting Drama 270. See W207. C114, N154, T161. T92 All Thing may be suffered save wealth 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 516.10-1: Alle thynge T102 Assay all Thing rather than fight may be suffryd save welthe. 1546 Heywood D al500 English Conquest 25[14-5]: As the Wysman Seyth, "Althynge we oghte to assay, radyr 67.50: All thyng maie be suffred savyng welth. than fyght." Terence Eunuchus IV vii 19: Omnia Tilley T171. prius experiri quam armis sapientem decet. T93 All Thing may not be said at once cl450 Capgrave Katharine 53.609: Alle thing ТЮЗ Be not about to catch Thing that you may not latch (grasp) may not be seyd at ones, as clerkys seyn. 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Vernon) 221.439-40: T94 All Thing shows from whence it came The Brid seide, beo not aboute to cacche Thing 1549 Heywood D 44.91: Commenly all thyng that thou maist not lacche. See R54, 8620. shewth fro whens it camme. See A169, E173. T104 Begin not a Thing one may not end T95 All Thing that is sharp is short (achieve) (varied) 1546 Heywood D 63.50: But all thing that is cI390 Hou a man schal lyve parfytly in Vernon sharpe is short. Cf. Apperson 589: Sorrow for a I 244.885-6: Gret folye hit were to fo or ffrende. husband is like a pain in the elbow, sharp and To be-ginne thing he may not ende. al393 short. Gower CA III 153.7346-7: Betre is to leve.

T115

581

Thing

than beginne Thing which as mai noght ben TllO Contrary Things are discovarings of each achieved. al400 Scottish Legends II 277.197-8: other (varied) Quhat ned the to begyne the thing That thu cl375 Barbour Bruce 1 11.241-2: Thus contrar mycht nocht bring til ending. 1450 Diets 92.26: thingis avir-mar Discowaryngis off tha tothir ar. Begynn no thing bot if thou may bring it to cl385 Chaucer TC i 637: By his contraríe is good ende. al475 Mumming of the Seven Philos- every thyng declared. cl425 Orcherd 244.1-2: ophers in Bobbins 111.34-5: That hyt ys foly A contrarie is lightly knowa by his contraria. a man suche to begyn which to performe hys cl450 De Claris Mulieribus 9-10.162-6: Oon wyttes be to thyn. al500 Hunterian Mus. MS.320 contrary avere shewyth anodyra: Tha daya is 275: Yt ys ffolly a manna a thyng to begynne knowen clerara for the nyght; Swete and sowra Wyche to perfform his wyttes be butt theynne. —that on shewyth that odyre; Youtha by age, 1509 Watson Ship D8''[18-9]: It were better derknass is known by light; By vyce vertue, never to begynne a thynge than for to lave it un- by wronge appereth right. 1490 Irlande Meroure fynisshad. 1523 Earners Froissart 111 234[25-7]: II 54.29-31: Arestotill said and verite schawls, If we shulda begyn a thynge, the whicha we that a thing is rieht weill knawin quhen tha coulda nat acheva, wa shulda never recover it contrar of it is put besyd it And comperit to it, agayne, al533 Arthur 16Ц8-10]: Ha ought not as tha farnas of a lady or pracius stana is better to be reputed neither for sage nor wise, that knawin quhen a foula thing is put besid it neir wyl take on hym suche a thyng that ha cannot and comperit to it. Cf. Tilley C630. See L383, acheva. Oxford 41: Better never to begin; Tilley S943, T i l l , W231. E115. See Ы 9 6 , E90, S620, T106. T i n Contrary Things may never accord T105 The best or worst Thing is the good or (varied) ill choosing (of a) good or ill wife al449 Lydgata Cok in MP II 814.46: Thyngas 1546 Heywood D 21.19-20: The best or woorst contrarye may nevir accorde in oon. Look in thing to man for this lyfe. Is good or yll choos- MP II 768.97: Thyngas contrary be nat accordyng his good or yll wyfe. Tilley T123. yng. al475 Ludus Coventriae 99.64: Twey conT106 Better not begin a Thing than leave (it) traryes mow not to-gedyr dwelle. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 141.14-5: For nature wole not that two unended contraires be mediad to gydra. Whiting Drama 1509 Barclay Ship I 176[7]: Than lave a thynge 138. unandyd better nat bagynna. See E90, 8163, T104. T112 Covet not Thing which you may not have T107 Better tarry a Thing, than have it, etc. cl545 Heywood Four PF A4''[28-9]: Yet better tary a thynge, than have it, Then go to sone and vaynly crave it.

(varied) al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 482.331-2: I bad thou sholdist in no maner wyse, Covaita thyng which thou maist nat have. 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) 232.522: Ne yem noght that thou noght get may. aI450 Barlam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) 124.397: Ne desire thu never that thing: that thu myght have nought.

T108 Borrowed Thing will home (again) cl350 Good Wife E 168.149: Borewed thing wole horn. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.31-2: Spend no man is gwode in vayn: Borowed thyng wyll home agayn. 1400 Love god and drede in Kail 2.38: And borwed thyng mot home ful T1I3 Dispraise not a little Thing (varied) nada. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.51-2. cl450 Good 1450 Diets 120.4-5: Dispreise not a litille thinga, Wife L 202.175-6: For though thou borowe for it may encrace. al500 Colkelbie 303.227-8: fasta. It must hoome agen at laste. cl450 Prov- Ffor Utili thing Weill spendit may incres To he erbs of Good Counsel 68.13-4. Apperson 61; honour wirschep and gritt richas. See MI59, Tilley T125. 483, S44, T203. T109 Common Thing is better (varied) T114 Do not evil Things that good may come al400 Wyclif Sermons I 165[1]: As comune cl395 WBible Romans iii 8: And not . . . Do thing is batare and bifora other thingis, 227[17- we yvele thingis, that gode thingis coma. Tilley 9]: But, as comun thing is ofte sothe, whanna E203. the singuler is fais, so it fallith ofte tyme of comun Witt and comune wille, II 195[ll-2]: T I I 5 Each Thing draws to its kind (varied) cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 607-9: I trowa ha hadda For of comoun thing and knowun shulden the thilka text in mynde. That "alle thyng, repeircomouns beste take ther witt. See C351, D48.

Thing

582

TI

16

1509 Barclay Ship I I99[22-8]: I fynde foure ynge to his kynde, Gladeth hymself;" thus seyn men, as I gesse. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II thynges whiche by (no) meanes can Be kept 479.260-2: Ech thing drawith un-to his semclose, in secrete, one (?or) longe in prevetee: blable: Fissh in the see, bestis on the stronde. The flrste is the counsell of a wytles man. The The eyr for fowlis of nature is covenable, al439 seconde a Cyte, whiche byldyd is a hye Upon Fall I 133.4754: Everi thyng resortith to his a mountayne, the thyrde, we often se That to kynde, 1439 St. Albon 127.9-11: Every thynge hyde his dedes a lover hath no skyll. The fourth draweth to his nature Like as kynde gyveth is strawe or fethers on a wyndy hyll. 1509 Wathevenly influence For to disposen every crea- son Ship Kl'flS-e]: There is foure thynges that ture, al449 Every Thing in MP II 801-8.8: Thus can never be hydde, that is the waye, the every thing drawethe to his semblable, 16, 24, secrete, of a man without wytte; a cyte that is etc., Ryme in MP II 792.1-2: All thyng in kynde edefyed upon a mountayne, and the folysshe desirith thyng i-like. But the contrary hatis conduyte of a man that is esprysed with love. every thyng. 1450 Diets 4.32: Comonly alle (Watson omits the fourth.) See C275. thingis desirith and sekithe his liknes. al475 Banester Guiscardo 34.581: Yche thing drawith T123 Four Things make a man a fool al449 Lydgate Four Things in MP II 708.1-7: unto hys similitude. See L272. Ther beothe foure thinges that maketh man a fool. Honnour flrst putethe him in oultrage And T116 Each Thing is best taken in its season al449 Lydgate Haste in MP II 762.73: Eche aldemexst solytarye and sool. The secounde is unweldy crooked aage, Wymmen also bring men thyng is beeste take in his sesoun. in dotage. And mighty wyne in many dyvers T117 Each Thing is fair when it is young wyse Distempren folk wheche beon holden cl516 Skelton Magnificence 31.971: Eche thynge wyse, cf. 8-14, 709.15-21. Apperson 308:7. is fayre when it is yonge; all hayle, owle! Tilley T161. See T89. T124 Four Things to be dread of every wise man T118 Each Thing must bow when it is 1486 PBemers Boke of St. Albans F5'': Ther be overladen iiii thynges principali to be drad of every wise al439 Lydgate Fall I 126.4527: Ech thyng mut man. The flrst is the curse of owre holy fader bovme whan it is over-lade. See B422, C16, the pope. The secunde is thindignacion of a S249, we. prince—Quia indignación regis vel principis T1I9 Fair Things are often found faken mors est. The thridde is the favor or the will of a Juge. The iiii. is Sclaunder and the muta(deceitful) cl475 Henryson Fables 97.2834: For fair thingis ción of a comynalte. See 139. oftymis ar fundin faikin. Oxford 187; Tilley T125 Haste not to praise Things T198. See F571. 1450 Diets 120.24-6: Haste the not to preise thingis to thou knowe wele that thei be worthi T120 Forbid us Thing and that we desire cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 519-20: Forbede us to be preised. See £81, 158, H363, P39, S715.

thyng, and that desiren we; Preesse on us faste, T126 He gladly believes that Thing that he and thanne wol we fle. Oxford 219. See L487, would hear T162. 1509 Barclay Ship II 29[28]: That thynge that he wolde here: he gladly doth beleve. See T121 Four Things are never full (varied) M121, T24. alOOO Dialogue of Salomon and Saturnus, ed. J. M. Kemble (London, 1848) 190.50: Saga me, T127 He that takes good Thing sometime must hwaet syndon 8a iiii Jiing Se naefre fülle naeron, take ill ne naefre ne beoÔ. le бе secge, an is eorôe, oÖer aI500 Life of Holy Job in Archiv 126(1911) is fyr, ¡Dridde is hell, feorSe is se gitsienda man 368.98: For be (?he) that takyth gode thyng worulde welena. cl395 WBible Proverbs xxx sumtyme must take ill. Taylor and Whiting 14: 15-6: Thre thingis ben unable to be flllid, and Bad. See B220. the fourthe, that seith nevere, It suffisith; helle, and the mouth of the wombe, and the erthe T128 High Things somêtimes overheld (fall which is nevere flllid with water; but fler seith over) (varied) al400 Alexander С 32.725-8: For it was wont nevere. It suffisith. . . . as wyse men tellis. Full highe thingis overheldis to held other-quile. Slike as ere now T122 Four Things cannot be kept close

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broght a-bofe nowe the bothum askis, And slike at left ere on lawe ere lift to the stemes. 1509 Barclay Ship I 128[6]: But somtyme hye, than after pore and lowe. See F534.

Thing

1525 Berners Froissart IV 293[38-40]: It is often tymes sayd. Moche thynges sholde fall of mennes thoughtes yf there were no countre thoughtes there agaynst.

T129 It is hard to change elded (old) Thing T139 Merry it is to look on (one's) own Thing al400 Cursor III 1500 F 26654-5: Of eldid (varied) thing ful wele we wate Harde hit is to chaunge cl350 Good Wife E 162.63: Mirie is cune thing the state. See C645, D313, H5I3, TI82. to loke (H kepe), cl450 L 199.75-6: It is evermore a myrie thing A man to be served of his T130 It is hard to deem a Thing that is owne thing, al500 N 212.75: Mery is owne unknown cl450 Proverbs in Rei. Ant. I 205[7-8]: A harde thing to see, cl500 Τ 205.72-3: Meryer ys owne thynge hit is, y-wys. To dame a thynge that thyng on to loke Than any other mannys on to tote. Cf. Tilley M131. See B505. unknowen is. Apperson 284. T140 More Things belong to keep(ing) household than four bare legs in a bed 1549 Heywood D 32.41-2: In house to kepe housholde, whan folks w^ll needes wed. Mo thyngs belong, than foure bare legs in a bed. Apperson 404; Oxford 409; Tilley M1146. See T132 It is not sicker (safe) to leave one good F475. Thing till one sees a better al396(1494) Hilton Scale 04''[8-9]: It is not T141 New Thing drives old thing from its syker to a man to leve one good thynge utterly, degree tyll he see and fele a better. See F424, 027, aI450 Of the sacrament in Kail 104.29: Newe thyng dryveth old thyng fro his degre. See TI57. L547, N6. T133 Lack (blame) not a Thing which you canT142 New Thing is sweet (varied) not amend cl38e Chaucer LGW 1077: To som folk ofte al422 Lydgate Life 526.1370-1: Thyne hede newe thyng is sote. cl400 Mandeville Travels is dulie on watir and on londe To lak thyng 209.25-6: For men seyn all weys that newe thou canste not a mende. See T179. thinges and newe tydynges ben plesant to here. TI34 Lend never that Thing that you need al420 Lydgate Troy III 572.300-1: Here men may se how it is natural Men to delite in most al500 Hill 131.19: Lende never that thyng, that thing(e) that is newe. 1450 Diets 168.20-1: In al thingis that the whiche is newiste is best except thow nedest moste. Apperson 360. love, for the elder it is the better it is. 1513 T135 Let all Thing pass that was Douglas Aeneid IV 192.27: Begyn of new; al al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.81-2: That wyll thing is gud onassayt. Apperson 444; Oxford nott be, lete hit passe: Lete all thyng passe, 451; Tilley A125. See M208. that wasse. T143 New Thing likes (is liked), old thing TI36 Little Thing grows with peace and great loathes (is loathed) thing wites (vanishes) away with discord cl475 Court of Sapience 139.389-91: For lytyll cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective thyng, as clerkys can recorde, Wyth pease 309[16]: Newe thyng lykyth, old thyng lothyth. groweth, and gret thyng wyth discorde Wyteth T144 No earthly Thing but sometime will fail awey. See P68. cl450 Idley 102.1271-4: Remembre and also have in mynde That non erthly thyng shalt thou Τ137 A little Thing may gar (cause) great harms fynde But somtyme woll faile moche or lite: arise Sauffe God aloone nothyng is perflte. See M235, cl420 Wyntoun V 399.3320-2: Loi how a Util W671. thynge may gere Gret harmys rysse (var. Gret harme fall) on mony wisse. As men has seyn, T145 No good Thing bides long and seis oft syis. Jente 732. See S778. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 16.520: No good thing bideth long. T138 Many Things would fall of men's thoughts were there no counter thoughts T146 No new Thing under the sun T13I It is hard to keep the Thing that each man would were his al325 Cursor I 178.2967-8: Bot herd it es to kepe, iwise, The thing that ilk man wald war his. See C79.

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cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes i 10: No thing undir T154 One grants lightly the Thing that cost nought the sunne is newe. Oxford 464; Taylor and Whital400 Ipomadon A 207.7251-3: He graunte hym ing 369; Tilley T147. See G494. lyghtly, and so he mowghte, The thyng, that T147 No worldly Thing so good but that it may never coste hym noughte, A fayre thyng in forty do ungood yere. cl250 Owl 114.1363-5: For nis a-worlde thing so god. That ne mai do sum ungod, Yif me hit T155 One loves tenderly the Thing that is dear wule turne amis. bought (varied) al400 Romaunt В 2738-9: A man loveth more T148 Of a hasty Thing men may not preach or tendirly The thyng that he hath bought most make tarrying dere. cl515 Watson Valentine 295.11: One cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3545-6: This asketh loveth gladly the thyng that is dere bought. haste, and of an hastif thyng Men may nat cl520 Walter Spectacle B2''[26]: A thynge harde preche or maken tariyng. See D157. wonne shall better be loved. See F58. T149 Of little Thing long thing oft lasts T156 One must forbear the Thing he may not cl300 Lawman I 400 В 9386-7: And ofte of have lutei thing, Lang thing ilasteth. cl505 Watson Valentine 149.6-8: One muste Τ150 Of Thing loath begun often comes good forbere and passe lyghtly of the thinge that they maye not have. See T175. end cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1234-5: God woot, of T157 One ought not leave for a vain Thing thyng ful often both bygonne Comth ende that which is certain good. See M589. 1484 Caxton Aesop 10[16-8]: For the love of a vayn thynge men ought not to leve that whiche TI51 Of two Things one must take such as he is certeyn. See F424, 027, T132. finds or such as he brings cI390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4129-30: I have herd T158 Repent not of Things past seyd, "man sal taa of twa thynges Slyk as he al425 Governance of Lordschtpes 63.3-4: Refyndes, or taa slyk as he brynges." al400 Trinity pent the noght of thinges passyd, for that ys a MS.1450 in Fumivall Babeeè Book 35: Hoo that comyght to an howse, Loke he be noo thyng propirte to feble women. See R84, T192. dongerowse To take seche as he fyndyght; And T159 Short Thing is more pleasing to be heard yf he wolle not do soo, Reson A-greeght therecl420 Wyntoun V 149.25-6: Sen schort thynge too To take suche as he bryngyght. al450 Wall is mare pleyssande. And to be herde is mare Verses at Launceston Priory 342: Who so comyth likande. See P408. to any hows Ne be he nought dangerous: Так that he fyndith. And but a wol do so Resone T160 Sorrow not for Thing lost that may not be found (varied) Wolde accorde ther to, To take that he bryng1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Norihern) 232.519ith. Apperson 617:1; Oxford 642; Skeat 234. 20: Man, mum thou noght on evyn ne mom For TI52 Of two Things to choose the worse is a thing thou wate that thou haves lorn, (Vemon) 221.441-2: Ne for thing that is ilore Ne mai be great sin (varied) al300 Thomas de Hales 74.189-92: Ne doth he, founde serwe nought therfore. cl450 Alphabet mayde, on uvele dede. That may cheose of I 132.17-8: Make not sorow for that thyng that two that on. And he wile with-ute neode Take is verely loste and can never be requoverd. thet wurse, the betere let gon? a1400 Wyclif 1484 Caxton Aesop 270[21-2]: Take no sorowe Sermons I 28[36-8]: It is a greet synne of two of the thynge lost whiche may not be recovthingis to chese the worse, whan a man may as ererd. al500 Disciplina Clericalis 48[2]: Ne freely have the betere as the worse. al420 Lyd- sorowe thow nat of thynges lost. 1504 Hawes gate Troy III 701.4672-5: For every man is Example Ccl''[l-2]: For a thynge lost without holden of prudence The wers to leve and the recover, Loke that thou never be to pensyfe. better take, Wysdam to swe and foly to for- al533 Berners Huon 206.29: That thynge that sake, And remedie to seke for his sore. See can not be recoveryd must be left. Tilley T127. See M729, R81, W381. E193. T153 Old Things should be loved T161 Temporal Thing lasts not ay (varied) 1464 Hardyng 32[7]: Old thinges shuld be loved. a1400 Scottish Legends I 123.504: For temporale Cf. Tilley F321, 755. thing lestis nocht ay. cl450 Verses on a Chained

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Horae in Robbins 87.9-10: But for-as-moche T171 The Thing that is shaped (destined) for a that noo thyng may endure That urthely ys, man he may never flee (varied) alwey, y trowe, certeyn. al533 Berners Huon cl300 South English Legendary I 34.52: The 599.1: Every mortali thynge cannot alwayes thing that is a man yssape he ne may nevere endure. Whiting Drama 115, 270, Scots II 139. vle(o). cl385 Chaucer CT Ι[Α]146β: Whan a Cf. Tilley T177. See C114, N154, TlOl, W671. thyng is shapen, it shal be. Apperson 560; Oxford 703. See S190, T167. T162 That Thing is desired more where there is contradiction TI72 Thing that may betide is for to doubt 1480 Caxton Ovyde 20[23]: For comunly that (fear) thynge is desired more Where as is contra- cl425 Good Wife Η 169.160: Thyng that may dicion: than that thyng that is habandonned. betyde is for to dowte. Apperson 129: Cured (2). See C526, L487, T120, W549. Τ173 Thing that may not be eschewed must be T163 Thing done in the dark night is after sued (followed) (varied) known in day's light cl408 Lydgate Reson 125.4757-8: For thyng al393 Gower CA III 72.4597-600: Bot so prive that may nat be eschiwed Bot of force mot be mai be nothing. That it ne comth to knowl- sywed, a 1420 Troy I 236.3218-20: For thing eching; Thing don upon the derke nyht Is after ordeyned nedes moste be; The ordre of thinges knowe on daies liht. Apperson 156:40; Jente with fate is so englued. For that schal falle 541; Oxford 154; Tilley N179. may nat be eschewed, 238.3278-9: For that schal falle, as somme clerkis seyn, Ne may nat T164 A Thing foreseen is light to execute wel of men eschewed be. 1525 Berners Froissart al475 Ashby Diets 59.384: A thing foreseien is VI 308[l-2]: That thynge that shall fall can nat light texecute. be eschewed, 340[32-3]. Oxford 124: Cured. T165 Thing hid or stolen may not be long for- See S190, T171. holen (concealed) cl330 Seven Sages A 8-9.235-8: Thing ihid ne T174 The Thing that pleases is half sold thing istole. Ne mai nowt longe be for hole. cl505 Watson Valentine 164.36-7: For it is Ne thing mai forhole be But Godes owen prí- said comonly that the thing that pleased one is hälfe solde. See M121. vete. See M806. T175 Thing that will not be, let it be still T166 Thing never begun has never end cl500 Melusine 304.20-2: Thing never bygonne (varied) hath never ende. In every thing most be begyn- cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1212g: But thyng that wol nat be, lat it be stille. al450 Partorwpe nyng, tofore the ende commeth. See E164. 354.8697-700: My counseylle is that never ye T167 A Thing predestinate is hard to be broken Thinke that thing that may not be, But lette it al533 Berners Arthur 417[29]: A thynge pre- passe, it is the beste. And sette your herte in destynate is harde to be broken. Tilley F83. eace and reste. See T156. See D169, S190, T171. T176 Thing to come is oft in adventure (doubt) T168 Thing that a man may not achieve at eve cl385 Chaucer TC i 784: Syn thyng to come is oft in aventure. must abide till morrow al393 Gower CA II 270-1.1653-5: Thing that a T177 Thing was never lost but it was had man mai noght achieve. That mai noght wel be before don at Eve, It mot abide til the morwe. al500 Lover and the Advocate of Venus in T169 Thing that is inome (taken) with strength Robbins 170.35: Thyng was never lost but it wer had befom. MED haven v. la(a) (g). may not be right cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 283.4041: And T178 The Thing which a fool thinks remains thing that is mid strengthe inome, hou mighte undone it be mid righte? See M534, T180. cl505 Watson Valentine 16.12-3: It happeneth oftentymes that the thinge the whiche a foole T170 A Thing that is long desired comes at thynketh remayneth undone. See F448. the last 1483 Quatuor Semwnes 53[28-9]: A thynge that T179 A Thing which cannot be amended must is long desyred at the last it comyth. Apperson be bome (varied) 379; Oxford 381. cl450 Foly of Fulys 57.199-200: Na tynis nocht

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thar wyt to See The thing that may nocht mendyt bee. cl489 Caxton Aymon I 202.17-8: A thyng that can not be amended, must be suffred and bome as well as men may, II 427.23-6: For that thyng that may not be amended men oughte to lete it passe in the best wyse; For it is shamfull to reherse that that is passed, 534.26-7. al500 Partenay 213.6222-3: Wisdom behovith to lete go and passe Which that men mow noght amend in no cas. al533 Berners Arthur 215[13-4]: A thynge the whiche can not be remedyed, must nedes be suflFered in the best wyse that a man may. See RSI, T133, W381. T180 Thing which is begun with wrong may never stand well at end (varied) al393 Gower CA II 209-10.2954-7: Bot thing which is with wrong begönne Mai nevere stonde wel at ende; Wher Pride schal the bowe bende. He sehet fulofte out of the weie. cl505 Watson Valentine 270.30: For a thynge evyll begon can not have a good ende. 1525 Berners Froissart V 8[16-7]: Every thyng that tumeth to yvell must have a begynning of yvell. See B199, T169. T18I Thing which men ween to stand oft falls al393 Gower CA III 298.2390-1: For men sen ofte time falle Thing which men wende siker stonde. See S669, 915. T182 Things used will not be cl500 Greene Carols 419 A 23: Will not be refused. 1509 118.4-5: A thynge customably be lefte. See 0646, T129, U8.

ΤΊ80

a man in yong wexynge age. 1486 PBemers Boke of St. Albans F5^: Ther be iiii. thynges full harde for to knaw, Whyche way that thay will drawe: The first is the wayes of a yong man. The secunde the cours of a vessayll in the see. The thridde of an Edder or a serpent sprent. The iiii. of a fowle sittyng on any thyng. al500 Alcock Sermo pro episcopo A3''[2.6-18]: Thre thynges, sayth Salomon, ben harde to me to knowe, and the fourth utterly I knowe not. The flyght of the Egle in the ayer. The waye of the serpent on the erthe. The sayllynge of a shyppe in the see. But the fourth and moost hardest is to understande the waye of a man in his growynge age. al500 Lansdowne MS. 762 in Rei. Ant. I 233[34-7]: There been thre thinges full harde to be knowen which waye they woll drawe. The first is of a birde sitting upon a bough. The second is of a vessell in the see. And the thirde is the waye of a yonge man. 1509 Barclay Ship II 7-8: I fynde in the worlde that there be thynges thre Right harde to knowe, the fourth that no man may Knowe nor perceyve, first, whan a byrde doth fle Alongé in the ayre; no man can spye hir way, The way of a Shyp in the se, thoughe it be day, Harde is to se whiche way the shyp hath gone; The thirde harde thynge as I have oft heard say Is the way of a serpent over a stone; But the fourth way that of all hardest is Of yonge man is, in youthes lustynes. A vycyous womans way is lyke to this. Apperson 630; Oxford 655; Tilley S349.

refused (varied) For thyngis used Fisher Treatyse used is harde to T186 Three Things cannot be called again 1509 Barclay Ship 1 110[24-30]: In this world thou shall fynde thynges thre Whiche ones T183 Three Things are avoid of mercy past, can nat be callyd agayne. The firste is 1515 Barclay St. George 33.619-22: Thre maner (tyme lost) by mannes symplycyte. The seconde thynges that be Avoyde of mercy: and very (youth) revoked can nat be. The thyrde (a worde harde to stent, A comonte is one: whan the(y) spoken) it gooth out in the wynde. And yet is in one assent. And fyre and water. Oxford 203; the fourth, that is (virginyte). My forgetfull Tilley F254. mynde, had lefte it nere behynde. See M20, T184 Three Things are contrarions to good T307, W605, 639. counsel T187 Three Things cause a man to flee from cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1121-2 [B2311-2]: And his own house (varied) thanne shul ye dryve fro youre harte thre cl378 Piers В xvii 315-22: Thre thinges there thynges that been contrariouse to good conseil; ben that doth a man by strengthe Forto fleen that is to seyn, ire, coveitise, and hastifnesse, his owne hous, as holywryt sheweth. That one 1246-7[В2436-7]. Apperson 10; Oxford 10. is a wikked wyf that wil nought be chasted; Her fiere fleeth fro hyr for fere of her tonge. And Τ185 Three Things are hard to know cl395 WBible Proverbs xxx 18-9: Thre thingis if his hous be unhiled and reyne on his bedde. ben hard to me, and outirli Y knowe not the He seketh and seketh til he siepe drye. And fourthe thing; the weye of an egle in hevene, whan smoke and smolder smyt in his syghte. the weie of a serpent on a stoon, the weie of a It doth hym worse than his wyf or wete to schip in the myddil of the see, and the weie of siepe. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1086[В2276]: Of

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587

Thing

whiche Wommen men seyn that thre thynges crowe to pull. Yet is the fourth wors and more dryven a man out of his hous,—that is to seyn, elevate. That is a hande mayde lowe of hir smoke, droppyng of reyn, and wikked wyves, lynage, Promotyd from a begger and so come X[I] 631: And therfore seith Salomon, "An hous to estate, Succedynge hir lady as heyr in herytthat is uncovered and droppynge, and a chiage. Of suche procedeth moche malyce and dynge wyf, been lyke," cl395 III[D] 278-80: outrage. 1509 Watson Ship РГ[7-14]. See H92. Thow seyst that droppyng houses, and eek T189 To say (think) one Thing and think (say) smoke, And chidyng wyves maken men to flee the contrary (varied) Out of hir owene hous. cl395 WBible Proverbs al300 Lawman II 136 В 13415-8: And al the X 26; Smoke noieth the ighen, xix 13: And roofes king lifde That Vortiger saide, Ac wolawo that droppynge contynueh is a womman ful of chidnuste the king Of his thohte nothing. cl340 ing, xxvii 15: Roovys droppynge in the dai of Rolle Psalter 43 (10.2): When a fais man thynkis coold, and a womman ful of chidyng ben coman and says a nother, to desaif him that he parisond. 81396(1494) Hilton Scale Ε6^·[11-3]: spekis with, 51 (13.3): That is he spekis noght For whoo soo comyth untili his hous and fyndeth ane and thynkis a nother. al420 Lydgate Troy noo thyng therin but stynk and smoke and a II 518.4280: Thei can think oon, and a-nother chidyng wyf, he wolde soone renne out of it. seie. cl450 Idley 151.2666-7: Thynke not oon c l 4 2 5 Sf. Mary Oignies 170.45-6: For, as Salathyng and sey the contrarie; Be never double mon seith: "there are three thinges that dryve a of mowthe and herte. cl450 Trevet 237.34-5 man fro home: smeke, droppynge rofe, and a (f.48b, col.l): But that false woman thought wicked wyfe." al449 PLydgate Evil Marriage other than she sayde. 1483 Caxton Coto D5"'[12in MP II 459.89-91: But Salamon seith, ther 3]: For none ought to say one thynge and thynke be thynges thre, Shrewed wyfes, rayne, and the contrarye. See P153, W631. smokes blake, Makith husbondes there howses to fforsake. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 9[24-5]: T190 To seek for a Thing he would not find An angry housewyf, the smoke, the ratte and a 1555 Heywood E 178.182: 1 seeke for a thyng broken plater, art often tymes unprofytable in wyfe, that I would not fynde. Tilley T135. an howse. alSOO Greene Carols 409.4: In my T191 To seek to find Things ere they be lost hows ys swyche a smeke. Apperson 629-30; Ox(varied) ford 655; Skeat 249; A. Taylor in Hessische al449 Lydgate Cok in MP II 818.175: Tyl it be Blatter für Volkskunde 24(1925) 130-46, Proverb loost stoole thyng is nat sought. 1533 More 40, 50, 58, 160-4; Tilley H781, S574. Confutación 595 FG: The comon people say among, that nothing can bee founden tyll it bee T188 Three Things trouble all this earth c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT II1[D] 362-7: Thou seydest lost, saving that of a theefe they say in sport, eek that ther been thynges thre, The whiche he can finde a thinge ere it be lost, and so thynges troublen al this erthe. And that no they prayse him in his cunning, that he can do wight may endure the ferthe. О leeve sire such a maistry as no true man can. 1546 Heyshrewe, Jhesu shorte thy lyf! Yet prechestow wood D 44.105-6: If ye seeke to fynde thynges, and seyst an hateful wyf Yrekened is for oon er they be lost. Ye shall fynde one daie you of thise meschances. c l 3 9 5 WBible Proverbs come to your cost. Tilley T182. XXX 21-3: The erthe is moved bi thre thingis, T192 To speak of Thing that is past is no and the fourthe thing, which it may not susremedy teyne; bi a servaunt, whanne he regneth; bi a fool, whanne he is fillid with mete; bi an hate- al500 English Conquest 141.8-9: Forto speke of ful womman, whanne she is takun in matry- thynge that is Paste, is no remedy. See R81, monye; and bi an handmaide, whanne sehe is T158, W381. eir of hir ladi. 1509 Barclay Ship II 8[9-21]: T193 To speak (say) one Thing and do another Thre other thynges on erth I fynde certayne cl400 Consilia Isidori 371[33-4]: Speke not Whiche troubleth the grounde and also the see, 00 thinge and doo a nothere; sey not oo thinge The fourth nouther see nor londe may well and mene anothere. 1422 Yonge Govemaunce sustayne. The firste is a churle that hath a 214.6-7: And Such ther bene had, that oone bonde man be And so by fortune come unto thynge sayne, and anothyr thynkes done. al425 hye degre. The seconde is a fole whan he is Governance of Lordschipes 108.28-9: Many er dronke and full. The thirde a wrathfull woman, swyche that oon sayen, and other-wayes doon. full of cruelte: He that hir weddyth, hath a 1484 Caxton Aesop 119[12-3]: For one thynge

Thing

588

TI

94

rupt, a sounde thynge is distroyed. See A167, they saye and done another. 1506 Kalender C406. 165.4-5: He shall say one and do another. Whiting Scots II 121. See W642. T202 With two Things one may not well meli: a young quean and an old wife T194 To take Things as they come 1500 О man more 394.29-30: Wythe (ii) thynges 1509 Barclay Ship II 319[13-4]: But that man folowes hye wysdome Whiche takys thynges thow mayst nott well meli: That is to saye, a lyke as they come. aI533 Berners Castell yonge quene and a olde wyffe. M4''[17-8]: But take every thynge as it cornT203 Without small Things greater may not myth. 1546 Heywood D 25.40: To take all stand thinges as it comth, and be content. Oxford 642; 1513 More Richard 48 (for 45) C [ l l - 2 ] : SommeTilley T196. time withoute smal thinges greatter cannot T195 Violent Thing may not be eteme (varied) Stande. See M159, 483, S44, T113. al420 Lydgate Troy I 261.4088: Thing violent T204 Think ere you make fast may nat be eterne, al439 Fall I 302.3643. c l 4 4 3 cl450 Greene Carols 338.3: Thenke or ye feste. Pecock Reule 124[25-6]: No thing that is vioSee KlOl, P429. lent and agens kynde is ever lastyng, cl454 Folower 177.18-21: Also the philesofir seith: T205 Think what you will but speak with the "No thing which is violent, that is to saie, out least of right ordre and right joynt, schal dure for al456 Passe forth clxxiii [3]: Thenke what thou ever, but al such thing takith an eend." Oxford wilt, but speke ay with the leeste. See H264, 464; Tilley N321; Whiting Drama 281. See T207. N166. T206 To Think as one says T196 What Thing rests not cannot long endure c l 3 5 0 Gamelyn 654.367-8: And if it so be. And al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 187 n.i: thou thenke as thou seyst, god yelde it theel Quod caret alterna requie, durabile non est. T207 Whatever you Think say but lite (little) What thing restethe not now and then amonge. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.104: What ever But still traveyleth, cannot endure longe. Walthu thynk, say but lyte. Cf. Whiting Drama 201. ther IV 441.25741. See F436, T205. T197 When a Thing is done for doubt (fear) T208 One Thirl (hole) sinks the ship it comes oft the worse about al325 Cursor III 1505.26846-7: A thirl (F hole) al393 Gower CA III 320.3157-8: For whan a sinkes the schipp to grund. And oft man deies thing is do for doute, Fulofte it comth the worse of a wond. aboute. See C485, 0 1 3 . T209 As brethel (/ragtie) as Thistle Τ198 When a Thing is done it may be no other clOOO Anglo-Saxon Charms 210.19: Swa bre^el al420 Lydgate Troy III 821.1683: Whan thing seo, swa {jystel. is doon, it may be noon other. Apperson 625. T210 As sharp as a Thistle See D287, H134, P45, T199. al460 Towneley Plays 119.101: As зЬаф as a T199 When a Thing is done there is no boot thystyll. (remedy) (varied) al393 Gower CA III 395.339-40: Whan thing T211 Better is Tho (then, i.e., at some time) than no (never) is do, ther is no bote. So suffren thei that suffre mote. 1509 Fyftene Joyes K2''[33]: But whan a al200 Ancrene 173.10: Betere is о thene no, al250 (Nero) 153.22: Betere is tho thene no, thynge is done, what remedye? See T198. al300 (Trinity) 99.19-20: Miuuz vaut conT200 When a Thing is well begun it makes a fession tardive ke nule, al300 (Vitellius) 242. good end 37-243.2: Mes nepurquant mielz vaut ascune c l 4 5 0 How the Wyse Man 35.7-8: And whanne foiz qe jammes, al350 (Merton) 131.3-4: a thing is weel bigunne, It makith a good eende Nichilominus melius est tunc quam numquam. at the laste. See B204. See B274, L89. T201 With a Thing corrupt a sound thing is T212 Better Thole (suffer) sorely a while than destroyed moum evermore 1509 Barclay Ship Π 37[16-7]: For it is dayly c l 3 2 5 Alysoun 139.33-4: Betere is tholien provyd by experyence That with a thynge cor- whyle sore Then moumen evermore. See T258.

T221

589

Thorn

T213 He that Tholes (suffers) overcomes (varied) T216 To carve a Thong of one's own skin cl450 Cornati and Teiching 67.41: And quhay 1419 Remembraunce in Kail 70.21-2: It is Weill tholis al ourcummys. 1474 Caxton Chesse worthy he smerte and be wo, That of his owen 144[20]: For he that suffreth overcometh. 1513 skyn wole kerve a thong. See S652. Douglas Aeneid II 230.81: All chance of forton T217 To take broad Thongs of unbought (other tholand ourcummyn is. See P61, S865. men's) leather (varied) cl250 Hendyng О 196.28: Of ounbiserewe (C T214 Not worth a Thong cl400 Laud Troy I 44.1469: He harmed him 187.28: unbeswinke, H 296.216: un boht) huide me taketh (H kerveth) brod thwong. cl400 nought worth a thong. Vices and Virtues 195.31-196.1: And maken of T215 Not worthy to loose the Thongs of his othere mennes lether brode thongges. al449 shoes (varied) Lydgate Fabules in MP II 588.649-51: Lieme clOOO WSG Matthew iii 11: Öaes gesey neom this proverbe, founde of old doctryne, "Suche ic wyrSe to berenne, Mark i 7: Ne eom ic as have no conscience of no maner wronges. Of wyröe Jjíet ic his sceona Jjwanga bugende un- other mennys ledir can kut ful large thonges." cnytte, Luke iii 16: Ic ne eom wyr{>e ¡saet ic 1465 Paston IV 179[26]: For men cut large hys sceojjwang uncnytte, John i 27: unbinde. thongs here of other mens lether. cl470 Harley al200 Trinity College Homilies 137[32-3]: Ac MS.3362 f.4b in Retrospective 309[30]: Of other ich nam noht ne forthen wurthe that ich un- mennys lethyr men makyt large laynerys. cnutte his sho thuong. cl200 Orm II 6.10386-7: 1484 Caxton Aesop 220[25-6]: It is not honeste Thatt he ne wass nohht god inoh Cristess shoth- to make large thonges of other mennes leder. wangtunnbindenn, 7.10418-9,87.12702-3. cl300 cl490 Stoone MS. 747 f.6ea: Of anothyr mannes Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) lyther man cuttyth longe thongs. al500 Harley 10[22-3]: That I me self es noht worthi To les MS.2321 in Rei. Ant. I 207[2]: A large thonge the thuanges of his schon, 49[2-4]: The binding of another mans hide. al500 Hill 132.44: Of of his scho. al325 Cursor II 736 CGT 12822-3: an-other mannes ledder we cut a longe thonge. О quam i am noght worthe to Lese the thuanges 1546 Heywood Ό 71.36: While they cut large of his SCO. cI395 Chaucer CT V[F] 555; Ne were thongs of other mens lether. Apperson 131; worthy unbokelen his galoche. cl395 WBible Jente 776; Kneuer 40; Oxford 126; Schleich Matthew iii 11: Whos schoon Y am not worthi 264; Singer III 134; Tilley T229. See L62, R109. to bere, Mark i 7: Y am not worthi to knele doun, and unlace his schoone, Luke iii 16: Of whom Y T218 As hard and tough as the Thorn am not worthi to unbynde the lace of his schoon, cl450 Capgrave Katharine 143.1041: Hir herte John i 27: Y am not worthi to louse the thwong is hard and tough as is the thom. of his schoo. al400 Scottish Legends II 257-8. 1207-8: To quham I ame nocht worthi loute, T219 As pricking as Thorns Na of his schone the laise tak oute. al400 1509 Barclay Ship II 6[19]: It is . . . pryckynge Apology 34[ll-2]: Nether is no man worthi as thomes. to opun the lasing of his scho. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 75[36-7]: And herfore seith Joon, T220 As rough and rugged as Thoms that he is not worth to louse the thuong of al500 Guy^ 191.6307: His head was rough and Cristis shoo, II 280[7-8]. cl425 Evangelie rugged as thomes. 587.833-4, 588.851-2. cl425 Paues 159 Acts xiii 25: Of whom I am noghte worthi to lowse T221 As sharp as (any, the) Thom tho chausers (var. schoon) of hise fete. cl450 cl350 Proprium Sanctorum 312.190: In to this La Tour-Landry 190.6-8: In trouthe he was world scharp as thom. al400 Awntyrs 147.389: not worthy to pulle of theyr shone and hosen Als so scharpe als any thome. al425 St. Robert fro theyr legges. а14вО Towneley Plays 196. 55.436. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 420.15595-6: 49-50. al475 Ludus Coventriae 189.32: I am any maner thom. cl440 Charles of Orleans not worthy to on-bokyll his schon, 229.4. 1480 213.6364. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 133[33]. al460 Caxton Ovyde 120[31-2]: A lord that a lytil Towneley Plays 365.361. al475 Vision of Philiafore had not be worthy to have taken of her bert 33[17]: any. al500 Inter Diabolus et Virgo hosyn and shoen, 1487 Book of Good Manners 444.11: the, 445.31: the. al500 Timor Mortis A7''[20-l]: And sayd hym self to be unworthy in MLR 28(1933) 235[21]: the. cl500 So put to touche the latchet of the shoo of Jhesu yn fere in Stevens Music 345.2[2]: ЗЬафег than Cryst. Apperson 458-9; Oxford 734; Tilley L84. thom, dyamond or steyll. Apperson 561; Tilley T230; Whiting Ballad 32.

Thorn

590

T222 It is soon sharp that will be a Thorn (varied) с 1450 Douce MS.52 56.137: Hit is sone sharpe, that schal be a thome. cl450 Epistle of Othea 109.6-7: Hytt was an old soth saw or than thu were borne: He gynneth soone to prykke that wyll be a thome. alSOO Coventry Pbys 56.748: Yt ys eyrly scharp thatt wol be thome. al500 Hill 128.3: Sone hit sharpith, that thorn will be. 1523 Skelton Garlande I 418.1437: It is sone aspyed where the thome prikkith. 1546 Heywood D 94.128: It pricketh betymes that will be a good thome, 1555 E 164.109: that shalbe a 8Ьафе thome, 1556 Spider 43[19]: Thomes pricke yonge that shalbe sharpe, folke have tolde. Apperson 511; Oxford 164; Tilley T232; Whiting Drama 48, 49. See E62. T223 Thoms do not bear figs (varied) aI387 Piers С ili 28-9: For shal nevere brere bere beries as a vyne. Ne on croked kene thome kynde fygys wexe. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 261.9460-1: Ffor yt were ageyn nature, A thom to bem a Fygge soote. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 90[20-l]: Riht as thomes mown not bere ne caste figes. See G421, N94.

T222

T229 To set at a Thost al450 Castle 109.1067: And every man sette at a thost. T230 As changeable as Thought al470 Parker Dives M6''[2.37-8]: For ther is no thynge so chaungeable as thought. T231 As hasty as a Thought al420 Lydgate Troy I 64.1764: By sodeyn chawnge, hasty as a thought. T232 As quick as Thought al475 Ludus Coventriae 279.214: I am as whyt as thought. Apperson 518-9; NED Quick, a; Taylor and Whiting 370. See M568. T233 As swift as (any, a) Thought cl200 Ancrene 50-1.22-3: Alle theo in heovene schule beon ase swifte as is nu monnes thoht. cl380 Chaucer HF 1924: And ever mo, as swyft as thought, cl386 LGW1195: And upon coursers, swift as any thought. al400 Pricke 214.7949-50: any. al400 Romaunt В 5024: any. cl408 Lydgate Reson 183.6983-4: Ther ys in this worlde ryght noght Half so swyfte as ys a thoght, al430 Pilgrimage 170.6482: any, 337.12379: any. al475 Tree 7.10-1: a. 1501 Douglas Palice 41.27. Apperson 518-9; Taylor and Whiting 370; Tilley T240; Whiting Scots II 139.

T224 To catch a Thorn cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1272-4: To God hope I, she hath now kaught a thom. She shal nat pulle it out this nexte wyke. God sende mo s wich T234 At a Thought thomes on to pike! al500 Mocking Letter in al437 Kingis Quair 67.77[4-5]: Quhare sodaynly, Robbins 220.32: Renne for your love tyl she as quho sais at a thoght. It opnyt. NED Thought^ 3. had caught a thom. T225 To draw a Thom out of one's heel and T235 Black Thoughts are hid under white words al437 Kingis Quair 83.136[4]: Thair thoughtis put it in another's 1402 Daw Topias 106[28-9]: Thou drawist a blak hid under wordis quhite. See W627. thom out of thi hele. And puttist it in oure. T236 Of good Thoughts come good deeds Apperson 627; Oxford 523; Tilley T231. cl425 Myrour of lewed men 407.1-2: Who-so T226 To put a Thom in one's foot wele thinkes, wele may say, Ffor of gode thoghtes cl400 Testament of St. Francis in Wyclif EW comes gode dedes ay. 50[16]: Thus thei putten a veyn thorn in his T237 Short Thoughts and hasty speech make feet. man most to err T227 To sit upon Thoms 1450 Diets 276.7-9: Oon of the thingis that 1528 More Heresyes 234 D[ll-3]: I long . . . makithe man moost for to erre in his jugeand even syt on thomes, tyll I see that conmentis is short thought and hasti speche. stitución, E[4-5]: 1 cannot suffer to see you sytte so long on thomes, 1534 Comforte 1221 T238 Thought is free (has liberty) al393 Cower CA III 69.4485: I have herd seid F[12-3]: He sat him thought on thomes, till that thoght is fre. cl421 Lydgate Thebes he myghte here. 1546 Heywood D 39.126: While 112.2700: Men seyn ful ofte how that thouht she was in this house she sat upon thomes. Tilley is fre, al449 Cok in MP II 818.173. al450 ParT239; Whiting Drama 364:849, 365:872. tonope 440.10883-5: Therfore this proverbe is seide full tmly: Thought to a man is ever ffre; T228 Not worth a Thost (turd) What ever he luste thinke may he. cl450 al450 Castle 149.2413: Al oure fare is not worth Fortune in Life in Smith Common-place Book a thost. See T526.

T254

591

Thrift

18.84: thus seyth the boke. al475 As I stod in T246 Threat is worth nought but there be deed Halliwell Early English Miscellanies 64[5]. al200 Lawman III 56.26555-6: Nis noht wurth thratte, Buten ther beo dede aet (?aec). Cf. alSOO Thoythis fre in MLN 69(1954) 155.1: Jente 103; Tilley T253. Thoythis fre, that lykis me. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 88.1200-1: For thought hath lyberte, Thought T247 Three are wily: a fox, a friar, and a woman, is franke and fre. 1546 Heywood D 64.64: etc. Thought is fre. Apperson 627; Oxford 652; al500 in Thomas Wright Songs and Carols (PS Taylor and Whiting 370; Tilley T244; Whiting 23, 1847) 4-5: Herfor, and therfor, and therfor Drama 112, Scots II 139. I came. And for to preysse this praty woman. Ther wer iii wylly, 3 wyly ther wer: A fox, a T239 To change like Thought fryyr, and a woman. Ther wer 3 angry, 3 angry cl390 Deo Gracias II in Brown Lyrics XIV ther wer: A wasp, a wesyll, and a woman. Ther 138.5-6: And though hit greve, hit wol over go, wer 3 cheteryng, iii. cheteryng ther wer: A As thought chaungeth, for such is graas. peye, a jaye, and a woman. Ther wer 3 wold T240 Where one's Thought is there is he be betyn, 3 wold be betyn ther wer: A myll, a al500 Imitatione (!) 127.4-5: Where my stoke fysche, and a woman. al500 in Smith thoughte is, there am I, and where as my Common-place Book 12-3: Take iii claterars: a thought is, there I love. 1502 Imitatione (2) pie, a jai, a woman. Take iii lowrars: a ape, 242.2: There my thought and desyre is where a owle, a woman. Take iii schrewys: a waspe, that thyng is that I love. See H302, T451. a wesill, a woman. Take iii angry: a frier, a fox, a woman. There be iiii thyngs take gret T241 Who skails {scatters) his Thought, in all betyng: a stockfisch, a milston, a fedirbed, a things it is the less wooman. cl420 Wyntoun V 329.2443-4: Qwha skalis his thoucht in syndrynes. In althynge it is the les. T248 Three may keep counsel if twain be away Cf. Oxford 683: Union; Tilley U l i . See H90, al500 Ten Commandments of Love in Bobbins V47. 166.49: For .3. may kepe counsell if twayn be away. 1546 Heywood D 70.6: Three maie kepe T242 To beat as Thrashers do on wheat cl400 Laud Troy I 275.9335-6: Echon on other a counsayle, if two be away, 1555 E 193.273: fiaste doth bete, Ryght as threscheres doth on twayne. Apperson 628; Oxford 330; Tilley T257. Cf. Whiting Scots II 140. See T544. whete.

T249 Three to one is no vassalage (brave deed) T243 As straight as a (any) Thread clSOO Order of Skating in Retrospective Review al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 431.12331-2: Me 1(1853) 208[10]: Stregh(t) as a threde. 1533 thynketh hit were no vasselage, Thre til on. Cf. Heywood Pardoner A4''[25]: Even to he ven Apperson 656-7; Oxford 681; Tilley Τβ44. gatys, as strayght as any threde. T250 His Thrift waxes thin that spends more than he wins T244 To hang by a Thread cl350 Good Wife E 166.111-2: His thrift wexet al396(1494) Hilton Scale L3''[22-5]: There is no thyng that holdeth hem fro the pytte of thinne That spendet over that he winneth. Apperson 630; Tilley T260. See M670, 672, S627. helle . . . but a bare syngyll threde of this bodily lyfe wherby they hange. cl500 Fabyan T251 One's Thrift is his friends' mirth 633-4: The . . . loveday hangyng by a smalle cl425 Good Wife Η 172.202: Thi thrifte is thi threde. Taylor and Whiting 370; Tilley T250. frendis myrth. Apperson 630. See H99, S979. T252 Thrift and he are at a fray 1546 Heywood D 52.355: Howe be it whan T245 To spin a (large, fair) Thread al300 AUsaunder 393.7244-5: He hath ysponnen thrift and you fell fyrst at a fray. Apperson 630; on threde. That is ycome of yvel rede. cl412 Oxford 655; Tilley T261. Hoccleve Regement 64.1762-3: This likerous T253 Thrift is sunk from those that are often dampnable errour, In this londe hath so large drunk a threde I-sponne. 1546 Heywood D 26.22: And cl450 Good Wife L 199.68-9: For tho that ben this threede fyner to spyn, 73.99: In beyng ofte drunke. Thrift is from hem sunke. Cf. Provyour owne foe, you spin a fayre threede, 1555 erbs xxiii 21. E 187.228, 1556 ^ider 342[19]: What a threede this were spoon. Apperson 596; Oxford 614; T254 When Thrift is in the town you are in the Tilley T252; Whiting Drama 365:868. field

Thrildom

592

1546 Heywood D 92.70-2: Whan thrift is in the towne, ye be in the feelde. But contrary, you made that sence to sowne. Whan thrift was in the feelde, ye were in the towne. Apperson 630; Oxford 655; Tilley T262.

T255

Bende thi thombe yn thi fyste. And ever be ware of had y wiste. al500 Urbanitatis in Furnivall Babees Book 15.71-2: Close thyn honde yn thy feste. And kepe the welle from hadde-ywyste. MED fist n. (1) 2(c).

T255 Thrildom {thraldom) is war (worse) than Τ2β4 As black as Thunder death (varied) 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 244''[2.18-9]: An cl375 Barbour Bruce I 12.269: And thryldome Ethyopyen more blacke than thonder. Apperson is Weill wer than deid. al398(1495) Bartholo- 52; Taylor and Whiting 371. maeus-Trevisa Ι6··[1.29-30]: They (Scote) love nyghe as wel dethe as thraldom. cl420 Wyn- T265 As loud as (any) Thunder(-clap) clOOO Old English Nicodemus 502.13: {jaer wœs toun V 338.2551-2: And or we suld be in stefen and gastlic hream swa hlud swa jjunres thrillage, Yit better de for oure heretage. siege. cl380 Chaucer HF 1681: And north, as Τ25β Never to Thrive were too long a date lowde as any thunder. al420 Lydgate Troy II cl395 Chaucer CT V1I1[G] 1411: Nevere to 428.1166. al447 Bokenham Mappub 33[11]: In thryve were to long a date. Apperson 442; Courtis and plees they ben as lowde as thundirOxford 449; Skeat 287. Cf. Tilley T263. clappis. Taylor and Whiting 371. T257 The Throat well washed, the eyes love T266 As thick as Thunder (etc.) (A number of to wink single quotations are brought together here) cl515 Barclay Eclogues 107.4: The throte wel al300 Richard 355.5439-40 (var.)·. Quarellys, washed, then love the eyn to wink. NED Wash arwes also thykke gan flye. As it were thondyr V. 5c. See B242, M477, V U . in the skye. al393 Cower CA III 358.4401-2: Mor sodeinly than doth the thunder He cam. T258 Better to su£Fer a Throw (time) than be too cl408 Lydgate Reson 144.5486: More dredful wild and overthrown than stroke of thonder, al420 Troy II 465.2466: al393 Cower CA II 270.1637-8: Forthi betre is Every stroke, grete as dent of thonder, cl421 to soffre a throwe Than be to wilde and overThebes 177.4314-5: And the noyse, hydouser throwe. See T212. than thonder. Of gonne-shot. cl450 Merlin II 210[15-6]: Thei com as faste as thunder so harde T259 Not give a Thrum (short thread) cl400 Laud Troy I 194.6566: But he yaff not a-monge her enmyes, 386-7: A grete flame of fire as reade as thunder. 1513 Douglas Aeneid ther-of a throme. NED Thrum sb.^ 2. II 196.64: Als ferss as ony thundyr. T260 To bring one above the Thumb 1469 Paston V ЗЦ8-9]: Thow thou can begyll T267 Ere Thunder stints (ceases) comes a rain the Dwk of Norffolk, and bryng hym abow the (varied) thombe as thow lyst. NED Thumb 5b. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 732: Er that thonder stynte, comth a reyn! 1474 Caxton Chesse 143-4: T261 To get one's Thumb out of another's mouth He (Socrates) knewe well that after suche wynde (i.e., escape) and thonder sholde comen rayn and watre, 1489 1481 Caxton Reyrmrd 49[35]: I have now goten Doctrinal B8'[22-3]: I (Seneca) wyst wel that my thombe out of his mouth. NED Thumb 5i. after thys thonder shold come rayne. Tilley T275. T262 To hit on the Thumbs 1546 Heywood D 69.95: She hitteth me on the thombes. Apperson 302-3; Oxford 296; Tilley T268 To be like (dent [clap] of) Thunder(-blast) clOOO Old English Nicodemus 504.9-10: {jaer T274. Waes geworden seo mycele stefen swylce Jjunres siege. cl300 Beves 127.2737-8: A made a cri and T263 To hold (keep) Thumb in fist a wonder. Ase hit were a dent of thonder. al393 Cower CA II 143.468-70: Hire thombe cl300 Gmi/1 600 A 263.5-6: Bifor the stroke sehe holt in hire fest So clos withinne hire oghne the fiir out went. As it were light of thonder. hond. That there winneth noman lond. cl450 cl300 Robert of Gloucester I 457.6282-3: As Douce MS.52 53.98: Holde thy thombe in thi fyst. And kepe the welle fro "Had I vs^st." thonder that soun was, the sight as lighting. cl450 Idley 82.83: Kepe cloos all thyng as So that ech dunt thoghte light as it were and thombe in fiste. cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.16'' thondring. al325 Cursor II 1036.18075: Thar come a Steven als thoner blast, 1038.18123-4: .15-6. al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 332.11-2:

T280

593

Thursday

[25-6]: The stroke . . . dasht into the erth lyke And eft thar come a mikel Steven, Als it a thonder, Huon 187.18-9: He began to lepe and thoner warofheven. cl350 Ubeaus 107.1909-11: gambaud and galop as it had ben the thonder. The dores and windowes alle Beten in the halle. As hit wer dent of thunder. a l 4 0 0 Cursor II T272 To fare like Thunder(-ing, -blast) 738 FGT 12872-3: The fader steyven ther thorou a l 3 5 0 Castelford 132.23287: So thoner he fore. brast, Als hit ware a thonner-blast. a l 4 0 0 Siege c l 3 5 0 Libeaus 55.980-1: Har dentes ferde as of Jerusalem 30.531-2: Doust drof upon lofte, thonder. That cometh out of the skie, 78.1394. dymedyn alle aboute. As thonder and thicke c l 4 1 0 Lovelich Merlin I I 3 8 0 . 1 4 1 9 3 , 3 8 3 . 1 4 3 2 7 - 8 : rayn, throwolande in skyes. с1400 Laud Troy And swich a noyse amonges hem was, For lyk as I 156.5292: It was a strok lyke a thonder. a l 4 4 9 thondring hit ferde in that plas. III 599.22510. Lydgate Guy in MP II 531.382: Terryble 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 119.86: Now, as the strokys lyk the dent of thonder. 1471 Caxton thundris blast, faris Enee. Recuyell 1 66.23-5: That of the noise and dene . . . hit semed as hit had ben thonder, 1485 T 2 7 3 To go like (any, the) Thunder Charles 79.16-7: And made grete bruyt emonge a l 5 1 3 Dunbar Sowtar 124.35-6: Ane rak of the other. For it semed as it had be thonder fartis, lyk ony thunner, Went fra him, blast for and tempeste. a l 5 3 3 Berners Huon 4 2 . 9 - 1 0 : blast. a l 5 3 3 Berners Arthur 90[2]: Hys hors went like the thunder, 335[32-3]: They went (They) dasht so to ther horses that it semed that togyther as though thunder had fallen fro heven. the thounder had fallen fro heven. Whiting Taylor and Whiting 371. Scots II 140. T 2 6 9 To come (in) like Thunder(-blast) T274 To roar like (the) Thunder a l 4 7 0 Malory II 759.19-20: In cam sir Trystram 1485 Caxton Charles 157.27: (The river) rored as thundir. III 1109.10-2: He cam into the fylde lyke thundre. 1506 Hawes Pastime 180.4813: . . . as hit had bene thunder. a l 4 7 5 Ludus CoHis seven hedes so rored lyke the thonder, ventriae 289.531-2: As wylde fyre and thondyr 186.4943. Whiting Scots II 140. blast He cam cryeng on to me. T 2 7 5 To rout (roar) like Thunder a l 3 0 0 Richard 305.4332: It routes as it were a T270 To come together like Thunder thondyr. 1501 Douglas Police 8.5: This laithlie a l 4 7 0 Malory I 304.12-3: And com togydyrs as flude mmland as thonder routit. hit had bene thundir, 399.11: They cam togydir as thundir, 415.12-3, II 474.15-6, 531.31-2, T276 To run (together) like Thunder III 1219.27-8. c l 4 0 0 Sowdone 34.1167: To-geder thai ronnen as fire of thonder. a l 4 7 0 Malory I 356.34-357.1: T271 To din like Thunder (etc.) (A number of They ran togedir as thundir. c l 5 0 0 Melusine single quotations are brought together here) 170.3-4: They rane upon theire enemys as a l 3 0 0 Alisaunder 319 M 3 3 1 - 2 : Sone they fondon thondre and tempeste. a l 5 3 3 Berners Hìwn and fought to geder As doth the thonder in rayne 347.29-30: His horse . . . ranne lyke the thonder. wedder. a l 3 0 0 Arthour and M} 162.5739-40: Ther was swiche contek and wonder. That it T277 To rush together like Thunder dined so the thonder. c l 3 8 0 Ferumbras 26.631: a l 4 7 0 Malory II 556.6: Than they russhed Hure strokes fülle so styth and sare, thay schulde togydirs as hit had bene thundir. a l 5 3 3 Berners (resounded) so doth the thonder. с1400 Laud Arthur 80[5-6]: Than Arthur rusht forth so Troy I 201.6809-10: Here speres brast al Inrudelye as thonder had fallen fro heaven. sunder. As it were a blast of thonder. c l 4 0 0 Sowdone 35.1207: He smote as doth the dinte T278 Winter Thunder never comes but the of thondir. c l 4 1 0 Lovelich Merlin III 672.25328: weather is unkind Here hors togederis metten as thondir. a 1470 c l 3 0 0 South English Legendary II 420.559-60: Malory II 486.22: They com rydyng togydirs as Thare vore me seith that winter thonder me ssel hit had bene thundir, 665.29-30: And than they selde god ise(o). For he nemai nevere come but hurled togydirs with her spearys as hit were that weder unkunde be(o). Cf. Apperson 6 9 4 - 5 ; thundir. III 1138.13-4: Dressed them togydir Oxford 715; Tilley W 5 1 4 , 515. with spearys as thunder. 1513 Douglas Aeneid T279 To drive like a Thunder-din II 211.59-60: Nysus . . . start mair spedely Than c l 2 0 0 Si. Katherine (Royal) 100.1997-8: And . . . thundyr in the sky. a l 5 3 3 Berners Arthur draf therto dunriht As an thunres dune. 109[20-1]: He pricked forth his horse as rudely as though the thonder had dryven hym, 142 T280 Thursday and Sunday are cousins

Tide

594

T281

1483 Caxton Golden Legende ХЗ^ХЛв-г!]: And T289 As teme (fierce) as Tiger therfore comenly the proverbe was, that the alSOO Abuse of Women in Bobbins 226.15: Als thursday and the sonday were cosyns. For thene teme as tygir. al508 Dunbar Tretis 91.261: that one was as solempne as that other. For Thought ye as tygris be teme. Whiting Scots context, see F. S. Ellis ed. The Golden Legend II 140. . . . by William Caxton (7 vols., London, 1900) T290 As wood (mad) as (any) Tiger I 53. al420 Lydgate Troy II 547.5297-8: As wood As . . . tigre. III 601.1271, 686.4158-9: As wood T281 To change like the Tide cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 1133-4: Joye of this As any tigre, 809.1264, cl421 Thebes 37.867: world, for tyme wol nat abyde; Fro day to nyght eny, 175.4274, cl433 Si. Edmund 408.654: any. Whiting Scots II 140. it changeth as the tyde. T282 He comes too soon that brings evil Tidings T291 To await as a Tiger for its prey (etc.) (A cl505 Watson Valentine 194.23-4: To sone number of single quotations are brought together cometh he that bryngeth evil tydynges. Jente here) 406. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 261; Tilley N145. al393 Gower CA III 372.4943-5: His frendly speches he affaiteth, And as the Tigre his time T283 One may hear Tidings in a far country awaiteth In hope forto cacche his preie. al420 sooner than at home Lydgate Troy I 139.4281-5: Hercules . . . Liehe cl450 Trevet 240.8-10 (f.49a, col.l): Ofte tymes . . . a tigre in rage furious. Can of newe hem of in a ferre contre and straunge a man may oft Troye assaile, 255.3857: Thei ran I-fere as tigres tymes heere tidinges souner than at hoome at al unmylde, II 427.1142-3, 434.1394: Diffende hys neyghbores house. Cf. Tilley C712. hym silfe lik a tigre in Ynde, al439 Fall I 103.3732-3: And how the brethre mette a-mong T284 As cruel as (a) Tiger cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1657: And as a crueel the près, Lieh too tigres. cl450 Pilgrirrmge LM tigre was Arcite. al420 Lydgate Troy III 763. 161[30-1]: I wole smite thee but thou flee fastere 6787-8: More cruel . . . than tigre, al439 Fall or go than a tigre. al500 Quare 211.557: (An)d I 69.2514-5, II 540.2455-6, 1439 St. Albon birnyng as the tigir ay in hete. 157.1726. Whiting Scots II 140. T292 To be like a Tiger al420 Lydgate Troy III 765.6862-3: Like . . . T285 As eager (fierce) as a Tiger 01395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1198-9: And sklendre a tigre, that can no routhe have, cl421 Thebes wyves, fieble as in bataille, Beth egre as is a 57.1356: In her fury lik Tygres. cl489 Caxton tygre yond in Ynde. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I Blanchardyn 88.32-4: Blanchardyn, lyke as . . . a tygre . . . that is broken loos from his boundes 157.22-3: Aygre as tygres, II 410.29-30. Heved upward his swerde. 1513 Douglas Aeneid T286 As fell as (any) Tigers III 217.15-6: Lyke as ane rageand wild tygyr cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 402.311: Be title of onstabill Amang the febill bestis onfensabill. wil, as any tigres fei, 1439 Sí. Albon 166.276-7. Whiting Scots II 141. T287 As fierce as Tiger(s) al449 Lydgate Fifteen Ooes in MP I 242.130: T293 To be like a Tiger that finds her whelps Fersere than Tygrees, Horns Away in MP II stolen 663.37-8: But arche wives . . . Fers as tygre al300 Alisaunder 107.1889-92: And so the tygre ffor to make affray. Taylor and Whiting 373. that fynt ystole Her whelpes oither forhole— Wyth mouth she brenneth beest and man. Bot T288 As swift as a Tiger (etc.) (A number of she kever hem sone agan, cI385 Chaucer CT single quotations are brought together here) I[A] 2626-8: Ther nas no tygre in the vale of cl408 Lydgate Reson 183.6987-8: Swifter also Galgopheye, Whan that hir whelp is stole whan of passage More than any Tigre rage, al420 Troy it is lite. So cmeel on the hunte as is Arcite. I 18.217: Dowble as a tygre slighly to compasse, Cf. Taylor and Whiting 19; Whiting Drama 119, II 423.991: Liehe a tigre, gredy on his pray, 304:19. See B103, L367. 546.5246: More furious than tigre, III 803.1060: Wers than tigre or Cerberus the hounde, 846. T294 To fall (on someone) like Tigers 2577: And Firms tho, as any tigre wrothe, al420 Lydgate Troy II 453.2054-5: Everyche cl421 Thebes 43.1013: Wers than . . . eny tigre on other like tigers . . . Began to falle, 1439 wood, al430 Pilgrimage 365.13458: A. alSOO St. Albon 181.1131-3: The paynyms, lyke tygrys . . . Fyllen upon the martyr. Kennedy 26.26: As tigar tiranus.

T307

595

Time

T295 To fare like (a) Tiger(s) that after that the tyme goth so must folke go. al420 Lydgate Troy II 465.2468-9: In her fight Cf. Tilley T343. thei fare Like wode tigres, 543.5138-40: That T300 As Time hurts (a) time cures (heals) like a tigre . . . That were deprived newly of с1385 Chaucer TC ν 350: As tyme hem hurt, a hir praye. Right so firde he. III 678.3901-3: tyme doth hem cure. cl385 Usk 135.94-6: Have And like a tigre in his gredinesse, . . . That I not seyd toforn this, as tyme hurteth, right day she ferde, 1422 Serpent 51.17: And bothe so ayenward tyme heleth and rewardeth. Oxford twoo . . . ferden as Tigres. Whiting Scots II 141. 660. T296 To slay like (a) Tiger(s) T301 Consider three Times, that (which) is, was, al439 Lydgate Fall II 666.2905-7: For lik a and ever shall be tigre this tiraunt furious, Hir eldest sona, day cl450 Foly of Fulys 59.281-2: Wysmen conof ther mariage. Bom to been heir, he slouh sidiris tymis thre. That is and was and evir sal of mortal rage, 1439 St. Albon 178.990-1: Lyke bee. See 163. • · · tygrys of assent, They slough. T302 The hard Time (comes) after the soft al393 Cower CA II 252.979-80: It hath be sen T297 To stand at defence like (a) Tiger(s) al420 Lydgate Troy III 644.2724: As a tigre and felt fulofte. The harde time after the softe. stondeth at diffence, 1439 Si. Albon 141.849-50: See J58. Agaynst hym so obstynate they stode Lyke . . . T303 He that can abide his Time his will shall tygyrs in theyr rage. betide him (varied) T298 If Tillmen ( farmers) took tent (heed) what al300 Alisaunder 29.463-4: He that can his would be tint (lost), com should never be cast tyme abide Al his wille hym shal bityde, 239. 4284-5. al437 Kingis Quair 82.133[2-3]: And upon earth al400 Destruction of Troy 81.2462-5: Iff tylmen wele is him that his tyme wil abit: Abyde thy toke tent what shuld tynt worth. Of sede that time. See A8, B318, W264. is sawen, be sesyng of briddes, shuld never come for care be caste uppon erthe: Ne never dede shuld be done but drese furth to noght. cl400 Laud Troy I 74.2505-10: If it were so. Off eche a thynge that man schulde do, If thei caste that noght be-falle, nis no man of us nowher, bonde ne thralle, That any-thyng scholde begynne, fro drede That he scholde fayle or evel spede. al420 Lydgate Troy I 226.2857-62: For yif the plowman alwey cast a-fome, How many graynes in his feld of come Schal be devourid of foulis ravynous. That he doth sowe in feldys plenteuous, Thanne schulde he never, in vale nor in pleyn, For cowardyse throwe abrod his greyne. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 522.25-523.2: Yf in alle the werkys that men shold begynne, men shold avyse in all the particularytees and synguler thynges that myght happe or falle, ther shold never enterpryse ner no feet be doon ner maad by hardynes, yf the labourers shold leve to ere and sowe the lande for the seed that the birdes recuyelle and gadre, they shold never laboure. Cf. Jente 264: He that fears every twig should not hunt in the woods; Oxford 113; Smith 75; Tilley B737, C673, D571, L143. See C3H, F59, G438, M248, P142, R14, W65, 256, 304, 629.

T304 He that does not prepare before his Time will be unprepared in his time 897 Alfred Boethius 67.11-2: ForSasm se 8e his ®r tide ne tiolaö, {jonne Ыб his on tid untilad. T305 In Time of need a man should aid him(self) with his own Cisco Fabyan 299[37]: In tyme of nede, it was good polycy for a man to ayde hym with his owne. See 0 7 6 . T306 Long Time slakes men's sorrow 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio 06''[8-9]: Longe tyme slaketh or taketh away mennys sorow, it is a comon seynge. Cf. Whiting Drama 287.

T307 Lost Time cannot be recovered (varied) cl380 Chaucer HF 1257-8: For tyme ylost, this knowen ye, Be no w^y may recovered be, cl385 TC iii 896: О tyme ilost, wel maistow corsen slouthe! iv 1283: For tyme ylost may nought recovered be, cl390 CT II[B] 25-8: Wel kan Senec and many a philosophre Biwaillen tyme moore than gold in cofre; For "los of catel may recovered be. But los of tyme shendeth us," quod he. al393 Cower CA II 241.577-8: For noman mai his time lore Recovere, 341.1485-7: Men mai recovere lost of good. Bot so wys man yit ne vere stod. Which mai recovere time lore. T299 As Time goes so must folk go 1484 Caxton Aesop 42[l-2]: Men say conynly al400 Romaunt В 5121-4: Thy tyme thou shalt

Time

596

biwepe sore, The whiche never thou maist restore; For tyme lost, as men may see. For nothyng may recovered be. cl422 Hoccleve Lente to Die 187.251-2: The tyme is past, the tyme is goon for ay; No man revoke or calle ageyn it may. cl425 St. Mary Oignies 145.16-7: The harm of losse of tyme maye not be recuverid, nor dayes lost maye not be restoryd, as maye othere bodyly thinges that are loste. al449 Lydgate Evil Marriage in MP II 456 {var.)·. Take hede and lerne, thou lytell chylde, and se That tyme passed wyl not agayne retourne, Testament in MP I 338.248-50: Of myspent tyme a fole may weel compleyne. Thing impossible ageyn for to recure, Dayes lost in ydel no man may restreyne. al450 In the ceson in Archiv 167(1935) 34[15]: Ya now is to late tyme paste to call agayne. 1465 Pasten IV 136[13-4]: A day lost in idyll can never be recoveryd. al475 Tree 15.20-1: Ther is none so gret a losse, as is the losse of tyme. A nother thing if it be loste may be founde a yen. A tyme lost may never be founde ayen. cl490 Ryman 254.6[3-4]: For alle the tyme, that is forlore. May in no wyse be gote agayne. al500 Alas! What rulythe 267[3]: Alas! tyme past may not retume agayne. al500 Imitattone (1) 38.21-2: Tyme loste never cometh ayen. al500 Trinity College (Dublin) MS.159 in Speculum Christtani xxxi: Loss Lous of goodes greveth me sore, But lous of hyme (for tyme) greveth me more. For lous of goodes they wyll restore. But lous of hyme (for tyme) comethe no more. cl500 Balliol MS.316B in R. A. B. Mynors Catalogue of the Manuscripts of Balliol College, Oxford (Oxford, 1963) 334: Lost of goods greveth me full sor. But lost of good ( for tyme) grevethe me moche mor. Recovery of goods es often tyms synn, And soo es the tym never recovered agen. 1502 Imitattone (2) 178.27-8: Tyme lost can nat be recovered. 1506 Barclay Castell A7''[l-2]: Saynge that the tyme and space Ones lost coude not recovered be, D4''[ 19-20]: But for the tyme passed I was dolent, Whiche lost coude not be called agayne, 1509 Ship I 153[8-9]: The tyme passeth as water in a ryvere, No mortali man can it revoke agayne. 1509 Fyftene Joyes A2''[17]: For yeres passed may not retome agayne. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge 11.76-7: For tyme evyl spende in labours vayne Is harde to be well recovered agayne. 1546 Heywood D 59.15: Tyme loste, again we can not wyn. Apperson 635; Oxford 660; Tilley T332. See S120, T186.

7308 tyme they shall paye for all, 297[7-8]. Cf. Tilley T319. See 040.

T309 Remede (remedy) in Time and rue not all too late al513 Dunbar Of the Warldis Vanitte 150.5: Remeid in tyme and rew nocht all to lait. Whiting Drama 150, Scots II 142:13. T310 Suffer in Time and that is best cI390 Suffer in Time in Brown Lyrics XIV 200-2.12: But suffre in tyme, and that is best, 24, 36, 44, etc. See S860. T311 Take Time when it comes (varied) cl477 Caxton Jason 60.15-6: Certes the time muste be taken as hit cometh, is hit hard or softe. 1509 Watson Ship Pl^-2"·: The wise man . . . taketh the tyme as it cometh, be it ryche or pore. al529 Skelton On Time I 137.6-7: Tyme must be taken in season covenable; Take tyme when tyme is, for tyme is ay mutable. 1546 Heywood D 22.18: Take time whan time comth, lest time steale away, 1555 E 195.285. Apperson 634; Oxford 660; Tilley T312, 313; Whiting Drama 51, 139, 147, 283, 290, Scots II 141-2. T312 Take Time when tide asks al400 Destructton of Troy 227-8.7067-9: He that tas not his tyme, when the tyde askes. But lettes it deuly over-dryve with delling to noght, Wite not his wirdis, thof hym woo happyn! See A53. T313 There is a Time of love and a time of hatred 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) 238.955-8: Tyme es of luff in ilk a stede And tyme es als so of hatrede, Tyme es of pes and tyme of were. And all evyll tyme es for to forbere. al450 Barlam and Josaphat (South English Legendary) 139.917-20: Tyme to love it is. And tyme is to hate, that wot ech man I wis; Of werre ther is tyme, and of pes also; And that fallith to tyme, ech man aughte to do. See T88. T314 There is a Time to sow and a time to reap 1483 Caxton Cato E7''[23]: For there is tyme for to sowe and tyme for to repe.

T315 There is a Time to speak and a time to hold still cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes iii 7: Tyme to be stille, and tyme to speke. al400 Scottish Legends II 142-3.645-50: As the wyse ecclesyastes Sais in his buk . . . That tyme is to hald men stil. T308 One Time shall pay for all 1525 Berners Froüsart IV 215[26]: And than one And tyme als to speke with skyl. 1483 Caxton

T325

597

Time

Cato C6''[2-3]: There is one tyme for to speke T321 Time is good in every thing and one tyme for to holde his pees, 1485 cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.112: Tyme is gode in Charles 56.6-7: Thou knowest the comyn pro- evre thinge. verbe that sayth that there is a tyme of spekyng and tyme of beyng stylle. 1523 Berners T322 Time is precious Froissart III 77[26-7]: Ther is tyme to be styll, 1340 Ayenbite 57[31-2]: Vor hy lyeseth thane and tyme to speke. Apperson 634; Jente 684; time precious. al400 Cloud 20.6: For nothing is more precious than tyme. cl400 Vices and Oxford 660; Tilley T316. Virtues 14.13: The precious tyme. 1479 Rivers T316 There is a Time to spend and a time to Cordyal 60.9-11: Seynt Bernard compleyneth spare . . . seiyng. Ther is no thing more precious here al500 Leconfield Proverbs 486[4]: Tyme is to than tyme. al500 Imitatione (1) 31.25: Now tyme spende tyme is to spare. Tilley T315. is right precióse. 1502 Imitatione (2) 173.13: T317 The third Time throws best (is all the Nowe the tyme is very precious. Taylor and Whiting 374; Tilley N302; Whiting Scots II best) al350 Seven Sages С 70.2062: Men sais the thrid 142. time thrawes best. cl390 Sir Gawain 52.1680: Now "thrid tyme throwe best" thenk on the T323 Time is tickle mome. al400 Scottish Legends I 94.1072-3: 1546 Heywood D 23.27; Time is tickell, 1555 Anis yet we wil assay. And the thred tyme E 180.190. Apperson 635; Oxford 659; Tilley al-thire-beste. Apperson 626; Oxford 651; Taylor T331. and Whiting 374; Tilley T319; Whiting Scots T324 A Time of cure is better than (one) of II 142. plaint cl385 Chaucer TC iv 931: Bet is a tyme of T318 The Time (tide) abides no man cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 118-9: For though we cure ay than of pleynte. See H616. siepe, or wake, or rome, or ryde. Ay fleeth the tyme; it nyl no man abyde. al400 Romaunt В T325 Time steals (passes, goes, flies) ВД23-6: For present tyme abidith nought; It is cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 19-24: Leseth no tyme, more swift than any thought. So litel while it as ferforth as ye may. Lordynges, the tyme doth endure That ther nys compte ne mesure. wasteth nyght and day. And steleth from us, al439 Lydgate Fall I 172.6081: The tide abit what pryvely slepynge. And what thurgh neclinat for no violence, II 407.2801-2: The tid abit gence in oure wakynge. As dooth the streem nat for no maner man, Nor stynt his cours for that tumeth nevere agayn, Descendynge fro no creature, с1475 Prohemy of a Manage 31[16]: the montaigne into playn. al400 PChaucer The tide bitte no man. al500 Piers of Fullham Rom. A 369-77: The tyme, that passeth nyght 11.251: The tyde taryeth no lenger then hym and day. And resteles travayleth ay. And steleth lyste, 13.297-8: And eke, as I rehese can. The from us so prively That to us semeth sykerly tide of love abidith no man. cl500 Everyman That it in ООП poynt dwelleth ever, And certes, 7.143: For wete you well the tyde abydeth no it ne resteth never. But goth so faste, and passman. cl500 Farewell in Brown Lyrics XV 237.29: eth ay, That ther nys man that thynke may The tide abidith no man. al529 Skelton On Time What tyme that now present is, 381-4: The 1 137.9: Byde for tyme who wyll, for tyme wyll tyme, that may not sojoume. But goth, and may no man byde. 1546 Heywood D 23.21: The tide never retourne. As watir that doun renneth ay. tarieth no man, 1555 E 176.170. Apperson 633, But never drope retourne may. al400 Cursor III 634; Oxford 658; Robbins-Cutler 765; Tilley 1193 Τ 20857-8: In short manere I shal you sey T323; Whiting Drama 147, 148, Scots II 140. For tyme passeth faste awey. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 93.223: Tyme gooth faste, it is ful T319 Time brings and time bears all things lyght of lope. 1509 Barclay Ship I 153[8]: The tyme passeth as water in a ryvere, 165[17-8]: away 1532 Berners Golden Boke 231.3668-9: All this And passeth every houre Lyke to the water, II the time bringethe, and the time bereth away. 114[14]: Our lyfe styll passyth as water of a flode. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 330.6927-8: See G206. The tyme fleeth with movyng of wynges. ApT320 Time changes all things person 634:17; Jente 208; Oxford 659; Smith 1480 Caxton Ovyde 18[33]: The tyme that alle 292; Taylor and Whiting 374; Tilley T327; thynge chaungeth. Cf. Oxford 659; Tilley T326; Whiting Drama 137, 288, Scots II 141. Whiting Scote II 141.

Time

598

T326

cl400 Laud Troy II 463.15723-4: Sclow hem T326 Time tries truth out alSOO Alas! What rulythe 268[40]: Truethe is thikkere with her arwes Than tyndes of tre well tried in tyme and space. 1529 More stondis In harwes. Supplicacion 299 B[7-8]: As time alway trieth T336 To say with Tinker, "I trow, let amend" out the trouth. cl544 Heywood BS 264.24: Tyll cl475 Wisdom 60.755: They may sey with tenker, tyme the trothe trye out, 1546 D 76.217-8: Tyme "I trow, lat a-mende." tryeth trouth in every doubt. And deeme the best, till time hath tryde the trouth out. Ap- T337 To have one's Tippet tipped {i.e., be deperson 635; Oxford 660; Tilley T338; Whiting feated) Lhama 273, Scots II 141. See T90. al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 280[2]: For he has overhipped, his tippet is tipped, his tabard T327 Time well spent can never have lack is tome. al529 Skelton On Tyme I 138.23: For tyme well spent can never have lacke. T338 Little Tit (titmouse) all tail 1546 Heywood D 36.37: But little titte all tayle, T328 To have Time (leisure) and place I have heard er this. Apperson 373; Oxford cl385 Chaucer TC i 1063-4: And how he best 375; Tilley T355. myghte hire biseche of grace. And fynde a tyme therto, and a place, ii 1367-70: But tho that T339 Tit for tat ben expert in love it seye, It is oon of the 1546 Heywood D 69.97: Sens tyt for tat . . . on thynges forthereth most, A man to han a layser even hand is set, 1556 Spider 165[26], 1560 E for to preye. And siker place his wo for to 213.43.5. Apperson 635-6; Oxford 661; Taylor bywreye, cl390 CT X[I] 354: And thanne wol and Whiting 375; Tilley T356. See P283. he do it (sin), if he may have tyme and place. 1509 Barclay Ship II 157[10]: There is a tyme T340 To taunt one Tit over thumb and place for every thynge. Taylor and Whiting 1546 Heywood D 69.96: Ye taunt me tyt over thumb. Oxford 644. 374:7. T341 As malicious as a Toad T329 To lose one's Time 1422 Yonge Governaunce 212.8: Malicious as a cl477 Caxton Jason 110.15-6: Wherfore they toode. lost their tyme, 149.11, 197.10. See T442. T342 As many Toads as breed in Ireland, etc. T330 To spend a Time to win a time is some- cl515 Barclay Eclogues 215.939-44: As many times wit todes as breede in Irelande, And as many Gripes cl385 Chaucer TC iv 1611-2: And thynketh as breede in Englande, As many Cuckowes as wel, that somtyme it is wit To spende a tyme, sing in January, And Nightingales as sing in a tyme for to wynne. See L233. February, And as many whales as swimmeth in the fen. So many be there in Cities of good T331 When Time has turned white sugar to men. white salt 1546 Heywood D 21.29: Whan time hath toumd T343 To boll (swell) like a Toad (crapaud) white suger to white salte. Apperson 635; Oxford al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 421.15652: I bolle 659; Tilley T341. See S871. as any crepawd doth. 1546 Heywood D 49.254: She swelde lyke a tode, 1556 Spider 199[7]: T332 As dry as Tinder This spiders breth makth me swell lyke a tode. al400 Scottish Legends II 434.72: Of wod dry Apperson 615; Oxford 636; Taylor and Whiting as toundire. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 77.78: 376; Tilley T362; Whiting Scote II 142. See P4. Hait Torrida zona, dry as ony tundir. Tilley T344 The Toad (frog) said to the harrow, T344; Whiting Scots II 142. "Cursed be so many masters (lords)" T333 To bum like Tinder alOOO Cotton Faustina MS. A χ in Ker Catalogue al425 Chester Plays II 397.282-4: Sea and water 194: Jja tadda cw(aB8) to {заг eijsa, ForwurJja all shall Brenne Agaynst kynd, that mon may swa fola maistres. Ad traeam dixit, pereant tot, ken. Tinder as though it wear. buffo, magistri. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 280[2-4]: So that Cristene men may seye, as the poete T334 To rot like Tinder seith in proverbe,—the frogge seide to the cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 89.915: I xuld harwe, cursid be so many lordis. Apperson 636; a-rottyt, as doth the tondyr. Oxford 229, 661; Taylor and Whiting 376; Tilley F764; Walther I 58.494, 249.2184-5. T335 As thick as Tines in harrows

T352

599

T345 Whoso loves the Toad weens it is the moon cl450 Rylands MS.394 92.1: Whoso loveth the toode, he wenyth yt is the mone. Bufonem cura, fiet te judice luna. Walther I 249.2187. T346 As hot as (a) Toast(s) al450 Harley Cook Book in Thomas Austin Two Fifteenth-Century Cookery-Books (EETS 91, 1888) 12[21-2]: Serve forth alle hote as tostes. 1546 Heywood D 61.88: Hotte as a toste. Apperson 315; Taylor and Whiting 376; Tilley T363. T347 Not worth a Toast al475 Ludus Coventriae 173.133: Ther is no lord lyke on lyve to me wurth a toost. T348 Do To-day what you can do to-day (varied) c970 Bückling Homilies 213[21-5]: Gemunde he ]MBt Drihten bebead on f)aäm godspelle, de crostino гюп cogitare, jiaet se Godes man ne sceolde be [зап morgendaege ]эепсеап, Jiylaes {íaet waere t>aet he Jiurh {jaet aenig Jjara goda forylde, ¡эе he [jonne \)γ daege gedon mihte, and 6a weninge hweöer he eft Jjíbs mergendœge gebidan moste. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 1794-5 [B2984-5]: "Ther is an cid proverbe," quod she, "seith that 'the goodnesse that thou mayst do this day, do it, and abide nat ne delaye it nat til to-morwe.'" al393 Gower CA 11 301.7-9: Of that he mihte do now hier He tarieth al the longe yer. And everemore he seith, "Tomorwe." al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa ЬГ[2.16-7]: (Angels) done his hestes sodenly and in an instaunt, and put not of tyll on the morowe. c l 4 0 0 Consilia Isidori 372[34]: Тагу not in puttynge-over tylle to the morowe. 1471 Caxton Recuyell I 64.21-3: Ffor that a man may do this day, late hym not put hit over tyll to morowe. 1509 Watson Ship H4''[l-2]: And tary not tyll to morowe syth that thou mayst do it to daye. Apperson 517; Oxford 526; Taylor and Whiting 377-8; Tilley T378. T349 He To-day, I to-morrow al200 Ancrene 116.21-3: Ilia hodie, ego eras . . . as he feol to dei, ich mei . . . to marhen, 143.6-7: lile hodie, ego eras, that is, he to dei and ich to marhen. cl425 Orcherd 226.37: Today thou, tomorowe I. Apperson 637; Oxford 312; Tilley T371; Walther II 343.11085a. See T405.

To-day flit. c l 3 9 0 Think on Yesterday in Brown Lyrics XIV 144.34: To-day is her, to-morwe a-way. Oxford 293; Taylor and Whiting 182; Tilley T368. See H361, N179, T364.

T351 To-day alive, to-morrow dead (varied) clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 462[25-6]: S a wacan fugelas, l)e nu to-daeg beoô, and beoS to-merigen to nahte awende, 464[12-3]: Öa wyrta beoS nu to-daeg blowende on wynsumnysse, and tomerigen beoô forbasmde. cl390 Make Amends in Brown Lyrics XIV 198.43-4: To-day yif thou be stout and gay, То-шогп thou lyst ded bi the walle, 199.87: To-day artou lord, to-mom is thin heire. c l 3 9 5 WBible I Maccabees ii 62-3: And drede ye not the wordis of a man synnere, for the glorie of hym is tord and worm; to dai he is enhaunsid, and to morewe he schal not be foundun, for he is tumd in to his erthe, and his thought schal perische. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.115-6: We shall dye, 1 nott, how son: To day a man, to morow non. c l 4 0 0 Gower Peace III 489.292: That now is up, to morwe is under grave. 1404 Leme say wele in Kail 21.198: To-day is quyk, to-morwe is fay. cl430 Lydgate Dance 48.360: Somme ben to dai that shul not be to morowe. al450 Audelay 165.26-7: To-day is fresche in his colour, To-morow he gyrdis to grownd. al450 God of hefne, that sittest 410.192-3: Thhaugh thou be now an horse heighe, Ar to morwe thou myght deye. cl450 Against Death in Brown Lyrics XV 247.25-8: This day thocht thow were hail and feyr. As bem baldast, ore kyng with crovrae. The mome thow may be brocht one beyr For al thi castalis, towre and towne. cl450 Greene Carols 365.7: This day heyl, te morwe, perchaunce. We mown be ded and ley(d) in clay. cl450 Idley 91.624-6: This day alyeve, to-morow in thy grave; This day a wyse man, to-morow but a foole; This day in worship, to-morow but a knave! 196.2289: This day alieve, to-morow thow goist henn. al500 Hill 129.34: This dai a man, to-morow non. al500 Imitatìone (I) 30.10: This day a man is, and to morow he apperith not. alSOO Leconfield Proverbs 476[32]: To day a man in golde to morow closyde in clay. clSOO Greene Carols 374.1: Deth biddith, "Beware: this day a man, tomorow non." 1502 Imitatione (2) 172.18. 1509 Watson Ship S8''[18-9]: For yf we be hole to daye, we shall be deed to morowe. Apperson 636; Oxford 662; Tilley A109, M404; Whiting Scots II 143. See K52, N179.

T350 Here To-day, gone to-morrow (varied) al325 Cursor 1 10.56: To day it is, to moru away, III 1503.26768-9: And noght als neus (F trewes) that er tan. That ar to dai, to moru T352 To-day in mirth and in woe to-morrow ar gan. c l 3 9 0 Proverbes of diverse profetes al420 Lydgate Troy II 516.4229: This day in 530.127: To-day he is with the, to-morwe he myrthe and in wo to-morwe! See N179.

600

To-day

T353

T353 To-day in office, to-morrow put out T360 To tum up one's Toe alSOO Salamon sat and sayde 291.11-2: Thus cl475 Prohemy of a Manage 32[27-8]: But tum this werld abowt, To day i am in offyce, to up too and caste his clook away. That is to sey moru i am put owt. See N179. she carethe nat thouhe he dey. NED Toe 5j. T354 To-day is high (rich), to-morrow is low T361 He that takes the Toll must take the charge (poor) 1456 Paston III 105[18-20]: He that takyth the cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 109.3100: To day ys tolle most take the charge, hyt ys hys neglihegh, te morwe ys lowe. al393 Gower CA II gence that wille take the labour more then he 291.2398-402: And natheles he that is riche may awey. This dai, tomorwe he mai be povere; And in T362 As wise as Tom (Jack) a thumb contraire also recovere A povere man to gret cl522 Skelton Colyn I 322.284: As wyse as Tom richesse Men sen, 361.2216-9: For he that stant a thrum {var. Jacke athmm). See J l . to day alofte And al the world hath in his wones, Tomorwe he falleth al at ones Out of T363 Tom True-tongue (Truth) richesse into poverte. See N179. cl378 Piers В iii 320: Thanne worth Trew-tonge, a tidy man that tened me never, iv 17: And T355 To-day well, to-morrow all amiss, etc. also Tomme Trew-tonge—telle-me-no-tales. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 79-80.2536-46: To 1533 More Apologye 181[8-10]: Good Tomme day it is well, to morowe it is all amysse; To Treuth . . . weneth all the worlde knoweth how day in delyte, to morowe bare of blysse; To day trewe his mater is. Apperson 638; NED Tom 7c; a lorde, to morowe ly in the duste: Thus in this Oxford 663; Tilley T382. worlde there is no erthly truste. To day fayre wether, to morowe a stormy rage; To day hote, T364 Farewell To-morrow, though it be sure to morowe outragyous colde; To day a yoman, to-day to morowe made of page; To day in surety, al420 Lydgate Troy II 519.4316: Far-wel toto morowe bought and solde. To day mayster- morwe, though it be sure to-day! See N179, fest, to morowe he hath no holde; To day a man, T350. to morowe he lyeth in the duste: Thus in this T365 To-morrow never comes worlde there is no erthly truste. See N179. 1523 Berners Froissart II 309[32-3]: It was sayde every day among them, we shall fight T356 To lake {play with, claw) one's Toes tomorowe, the whiche day came never. Apal400 Siege of Jerusalem 48.839-40: That manye person 637; Oxford 663; Tilley T379. renke out of Rome (by) rest(ing) of th(e) s(o)nne Was mychel lever a leche than layke myd his T366 Better hold one's Tongue than speak ton. al460 Towneley Plays 129.414: And dos cl380 Chaucer PF 514-6: But bet is that a bot lakys and dowse hir toose. MED clauen wyghtes tonge reste Than entermeten hym of 2(b): ?be idle. See T358. such doinge. Of which he neyther rede can ne synge, cl390 CT VII 1219[В2409]: Bettre holde T357 To love someone's (least) Toe better than thy tonge stille than for to speke. cl425 Hocanother's body cleve Jonathas 222.194-6: Bettre is, my tonge al300 Arthour and M} 60.2055-8: Merlin . . . keepe than to wisshe That had kept cloos that loved better his litel to. Than al that other bodi is goon at large. And repentance is thyng that tho. cl489 Caxton Aymon I 286.7-8: For I love у moot charge. 1523 Berners Froissart III moche better the leest too of your fote, than 52[33-4]: He sawe well it was better for hym all kyng yon my brother. See H34. to kepe his tonge than to speke. See H133. T358 To pick one's Toes (fingers) cl300 South English Legendary II 404.68: hadde betere be(o) atom and ipiked hore cl516 Skelton Magnificence 39.1222-3: teche them howe they sholde syt ydyll To theyr fingers all the day longe. See T356. T359 To t u m the Toe to the al500 Proverbs of Salamon turne the too to the heele. pose they do lett. MED hele

Horn two. And руке

T367 He is wise (discreet) that can refrain his Tongue cl450 Epistle ofOthea 63.6-7: And therfor seyth thus the poete Omer: He is full wyse that can refreygn hys tonge. 1477 Rivers Diets 23[29-30]: He is discrete that can refrayne his tonge. Cf. Smith 258.

heel 181.28.5-6: They T368 Her Tongue mns on pattens {wooden shoes) And all that pur- 1546 Heywood D 81.27: Her tong ronth on η. (3) 1(c). patens, 1556 E 125.47.13: Hir tounge was

T383

601

Tongue

clappyng lyke a paten. Apperson 638; NED T377 Their Tongues go on wheels Patten Ic; Oxford 664; Tilley T387. See T377. al450 Partonope 420.10125: Suche mennes tonges gone ever on wheles. Apperson 638; T369 Hold your Tongue and say the best (varied) Oxford 664; Tilley T387. See T368. cl420 Mazer inscriptions in Archaeologia 50 (1877) 149: Hold yowre tunge and sey the best, T378 To affile (file) one's Tongue and let yowre neyghbore sitte in rest. cl450 cl385 Chaucer TC ii 1681: This Pandarus gan Cambridge University MS. Hh 411 in Robbins- newe his tonge affile, cl387-95 CT I[A] 712-3: Cutler 3079.2; Say the best and bere the softe, He moste preche and wel affile his tonge To ontaught tunge grevith ofte. See S77. Wynne silver. al393 Gower CA II 54.678-83: For whanne he hath his tunge affiled, With T370 Hold your Tongue still and have all your softe speche and with lesinge, . . . He wolde will make a womman wene To gon upon the faire cl250 Tell me in Brown Lyrics ΧΙΠ 32.5-6: grene. Whan that sehe falleth in the Mir. al400 Hold thine tunke stille And hawe al thine wille. Romaunt В 3812-4: His tunge was fyled sharp T371 In the Tongue (of man) is life and death and squar, Poignaunt, and right kervyng. And wonder bitter in spekyng. cl412 Hoccleve Rege(varied) al200 Ancrene 39.6: Lif and death, seith ment 172.4772: And therto can so wel her tonge aifyle. al439 Lydgate Fall III 1013.3329-30: Salomon, is i tunge honden. al382 WBible Proverbs xviii 21: Deth and lif in the hondis (cI395: The Frenssh unkouth compendyously compyled. To which language my tounge was nat ben in the werkis) of the tunge. al425 Rule of a£Fyled, a1449 Look in MP II 770.169-70: Off St. Benet (1) 10.34-5: In the pointe of the tunge every man, by repoort of language, Affile thy es lif and ded. 1491 Rule of St. Benet (3) tunge of trewe affeccioun. al449 Lydgate and 123.31-2: Also in the power of the tongue is Burgh Secrees 7.217: His tounge ffyled, expert deth and lyfe. alSOO English Conquest 47.33: in al language. al533 Berners Arthur 477[12-3]: For in manes tonge is oft lyfe and deth. See Thy tong is fayre fyled. MED affilen (a). T387, W635. T379 To be gladder than Tongue can tell T372 Keep your Tongue and be (at) peace al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 246.102: Hold thy al500 Beves 131 M 2536: Than gladder was Bevys, than tunge coude tel. tong and be pease. See T374. T380 To have a still Tongue but a busy head T373 Keep (Hold) your Tongue and keep (hold) 1562 Heywood E 244.83.16: Havyng a styll your friend toung he had a besy head. Oxford 621; Tilley cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 319: My sone, keep T401. wel thy tonge, and keep thy freend. cl450 Douce MS.52 49.61: Holde thy tonge and holde T381 To have two Tongues thy frende. с1450 Idley 86.335-6: Kepe thy cl395 WBible I Timothy iii 8: It bihoveth tonge and kepe thy frende In every contree dekenes to be chast, not double tungid. cl400 wher thou wende. cl450 Rylands MS.394 99.23. Paues 112 I Timothy iii 8: Dekenes also ben cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.4a: Halt thy tunge and chaste and noght of two tunges. cl450 Jacob's Well 263.18: Thou beryst too tungys in thin have thy frend. Jente 515; Whiting Drama 160. heved. 1484 Caxton Aesop 243[7-8]: For the T374 Keep your Tongue while you are in rest felauship of the man whiche hath two tongues 1533 Heywood Pardoner B3''[22-3]: I holde it is nought. 1509 Barclay Ship 1105[17]: A dowble best To kepe your tonge, while ye be in rest. tunge with wordes lyke hony. See F12. See T372. T382 To put one's Tongue in his purse T375 Let your Tongue rest and you will not rue cl525 Heywood Wit 11[2]: That ye may now cl325 Worcester Cathedral MS. F 19 f. 164» in put your toong in your purs. Tilley T399. Brown Register I 451[9]: And ther for let thy tonge rest, and the schal noght renne ( for rewe), T383 Tongue and heart (variously contrasted) a900 Homilectic Fragment in Vercelli Book quod hendyng. 60.24-30: Swa bioS gelice {за leasan man, J)a бе mid tungan treowa gehataj) Fsegerum wordum, T376 One's ovra Tongue may be his foe cl450 How the Wyse Man 36.27: Thin owne facenlice {jencaJj, {jonne hie set nehstan nearwe tunge may be thi foo. cl500 Greene Carols beswica{), HafaS on gehatum hunigsmaeccas, 345.3: His tonge may be his most foo. Smeöne sybcwide, and in siofan innan J)urh

Tongue

602

T384

deofles craeft dyrne wunde, a1325 Cursor II bone. al529 Skelton Against Venemous Tongues 370.6399-400: For if thair tunges spac resun, I 134.16-7: Malicious tunges, though they have Thair hertes ai war wit tresun. 1439 Lydgate no bones, Are sharper then swordes, sturdier St. Albon 178.953: Yet tonge and herte were then stones. 1546 Heywood D 73.95: Toung of one assent. 1450 Diets 240.2-3: If the tunge breaketh bone, it selfe havyng none, 1555 E (seith) GO thinge, the hert thinkithe a-nother, 179.187: and bone it hath none. Apperson 638; 242.2-3: His tunge schewith as it liethe in his Kneuer 55-7; Ox/ord 663; Skeat 79; Tilley T403. hert; and his wordis and his dedis be accordinge. cl450 Idley 171.809: He hath a sugred T385 A Tongue cuts friendship a-two tong and herte of bitter hate. al475 Tree 19.3-4: с 1390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 340-2: Right as a So that thi tonge be not in the queere and swerd forkutteth and forkerveth An arm a-two, thin hert in the towne. cl475 Henryson Fables my deere sone, right so A tonge kutteth freend100.2922-3: Ane silkin toung, ane hart of cruel- shipe al a-two. Oxford 664. See T388. tie, Smytis more sore than ony schot of arrow. T386 The Tongue is ever there the tooth aches 1477 Rivers Dictes 94[6-7]: Yf his tonge saith cl450 Douce MS.52 44.6: Ever is my tonge, one, his herte thinketh another, 110[ll-2]: It is ther the toth akys. cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.12: convenient that the tonge and the hert to be of ther my tonge akes. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 one opinion. 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 123.64: Ever my tong ther my toth akythe. 24[19-20]: They speke wyth the tunge that they Apperson 639; Oxford 663; Tilley T404. See mene not wyth therte. Apperson 295:12; Tilley E207, H278, S506. G194, H333, T391, W672. See L376, M754, 755, T387 A Tongue is man's best member and the V53, We31. worst al415 Mirk Festial 161.6-8: For a tonge ys the T384 The Tongue breaks bone though itself best membyr of a man whyll hit ys rewlet, and the worst when hyt ys out of rewle. Whiting has none al300 Proverbs of Alfred 119 J 464-5: For ofte Drama 187. See T371, W635. tunge breketh bon, Theyh heo seolf nabbe non. T388 The Tongue is no edge-tool and yet it al300 Trinity MS. 0.2.45 6.5: Tunge bregth bon, will cut thegh heo nabbe hire silf non. cl325 Hendyng H 1546 Heywood D 36.34: Her tong is no edge 293.144: Tonge breketh bon, and nath hire selve toole, but yet it will cut. Apperson 639; Oxford non. al393 Gower CA II 238.463-5: For men 664; Tilley T405. See T385. sein that the harde bon, Althogh himselven have non, A tunge brekth it al to pieces. cl395 T389 The Tongue is nourice (nurse) of all blame WBible Proverbs xxv 15: A soft tonge schal cI390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 540.273-6: breke hardnesse. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 44[9- The tonge is noryce of alle blame And mony 10]: And so, sith tunge brekith boon, al if the mon putteth in uvei fame; Of al eveles hit is tunge himsilf have noon. al449 Lydgate Say queene and ladi And fordoth both soule and the Best in MP II 795-6.5-7: And men that bith bodi. most expert in pradens Seyn of old tyme, that T390 The Tongue is short and long is its "tong brekith boone" Of his nature, "though sentence he hymself have none," 13-4, 20-1, etc. al450 1440 Palladius 178.233: The tonge is short, and Myne awen dere 160.356. cl450 Douce MS.52 longe is his sentence. 47.42: The tonge brekyth bon And hath hymselfe non. cl450 Greene Carols 341.4: Wykkyd T391 The Tongue of a discreet man is in his tunge. cl450 Rylands MS.394 97.9. 1456 Five heart and the heart of a fool is in his tongue Dogs of London 190c. cl470 Harley MS.3362 1477 Rivers Dictes 115-6: The tonge of a disf.2b in Retrospective 309:7 and Förster 200.7. crete man is in his herte, and the herte of a al475 Ashby Dicta 64.489-90: The tonge brek- foole is in his tonge. Apperson 698; Oxford 718; eth boon, thaugh he be tendre, And shethe Tilley M602. (for sleeth) many men thaugh he be slendre. T392 The Tongue of an evil man is worse than al500 English Conquest 47.33-4: And as hit is a spear (varied) Sayd, Tonge brekyth bone, thegh hym-Selfe ne 1450 Diets 40.6-8: Thei askid him whate was have non. al500 Hill 132.35: Tonge breketh bon sharper than a spere; and he aunswerede: the wher bon he hathe non. 1509 Barclay Ship II tunge of ООП eville man. 1484 Caxton Aesop 216[13-4]: Brekynge the bonys (god wot) of 231[l-2]: Werse is the stroke of a tonge than many one, Howbeit the tunge within it hath no the stroke of a spere. See T385, 388, 395.

T406

603

Tooth

T393 The Tongue of man may not be tamed stoppen every wikked tonge. Or sown of belles cl412 Hoccleve Regement 88.2439-43: But whil that thei ben ronge? Cf. Tilley M618. tonge of man, as it wel knowe and kid is, Nat T400 Whoso has an evil Tongue ever speaks may be tamed; о fyl man, for schamel Silence what is wrong of tunge is wardein of good fame; And after cl450 Douce MS.52 49.62: Who-so hath an evyll repreef fissheth, clappeth, fouleth; The tunge tonge. Ever he spekyth, that is wrong. cl450 of man, all the body defouleth. Rylands MS.394 99.3. T394 The Tongue speaks hastily and the hands T401 Wicked Tongue is evil to steer work at leisure cl400 Alexander Buik II 211.3818: And said 1532 Berners Golden Boke 300.5986-7: Of cuswicked toung was evill to steir. tome the tonge speketh hastily, and the handes worke at leysure. See W642. T402 A wicked Tongue is worse than a fiend cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 320: A wikked tonge T395 Tongues are worse than swords (varied) is worse than a feend. al449 Lydgate Say the Best in MP II 795.26-7: For slaughtyr of sword doth not so grete offens T403 Wicked Tongue never says well (will say As mordir of tonges, 799.158-60: For ther is amiss) neithir sword nor laimce So whet to kerve with al400 Romaunt В 3802: For Wikkid-Tunge seith sharpnes. As tonges ful of doubylnes. cl450 never well. al449 Lydgate Wicked Tunge in Idley 131.1406-7: Cursed tongis also sleith MP II 839-44.7: A wicked tunge wille alwei many oone, Moo than swerde, dagger, or knyffe, sey a-mys, 14, 21, etc. Oxford 317. 133.1537-8: Ffor by croked tongis many a man is slayn, Brought in grete sorowe and endeles T404 To be Tongue-tied payn. cl450 Jacob's Well 164.20-1: The tunge 1546 Heywood D 74.127-8: Why thinke ye me of the flaterere harmyth more than the swerd so whyte lyverd (quoth shee) That I will be of the smytere. 1477 Rivers Dictes 25[23]: An toung tyed? Tilley T416. evil tonge was sharper than a glayve. Jente 602; T405 His Tonight may be yours to-morrow Smith 341. See M758, T385, 388, 392, W640. al513 Dunbar No Tressour 148.5: His chance to T396 A venemous Tongue is more malicious nycht it may be thyne to morrow. Whiting Scots II 143. See T349. than an adder (varied) al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 215-6.7716-8: Ffor T406 Maugre (In spite of) one's Teeth ther ys addere, nor serpent So dredful, nor al300 Alisaunder 305.5831: And, maugre the malycyous. As ys A Tonge venymous, al439 teeth of hem alle. cl300 Guy^ 602 A 267.12: Fall II 438.3932-3: But ther is no poisoun so Right maugre al thin teth. cl300 South Engweel expert nor previd As is of tunges the hat- lish Legendary II 695.77. cl378 Piers В xviii ful violence. Oxford 686: Venom; Tilley T407, 81: Maugre his many tethe. cl380 Ferumbras V29. 23.567, 101.3202. al387 Higden-Trevisa III T397 When the Tongue speaks more than it should, it shall hear when it will be loath (varied) al325 Hendyng С 189.37: Wan the tunge maket (?speket) more than he solde. Oft seel he hire, wan him lothe wolde. cl325 Worcester Cathedral Ms. F 19 f.l64» in Brown Register I 451[68]: Wo so spekes of thyng that ys un-wreste, Tbowgh it sem soft wenne he spekys moste. He schall hit heryn on lofte wenne he wenis lest. Kneuer 50; Schleich 270; Singer III 137-8. See M766. T398 When your Tongue tickles let it walk at will 1546 Heywood D 29.50: When your tonge tickleth, at wyll let it walke. T399 Who may stop every wicked Tongue? cl385 Chaucer TC ii 804-5: And who may

161[4-5], VII 7[19], VIII 153[15], 315[11]. al400 Cleansing 179.6 (f.118''). cl400 Alexander Buik IV 371.8900. cl400 Laud Troy 1 15.492, 93.3150, 148.5023, 232.7853, II 349.11848, 513.17425. cl400 Túndale 36.637. cl400 Vices and Virtues 67.8, 138.1. al402 Fitzralph's Sermon in Trevisa Dialogus 65.32. 1404 Lerne say wele in Kail 15.13. al425 Arthour and M.2 324.884. al425 Chester Plays II 323.143. cl440 Dégrevant 34.491. 1447 Bokenham 278.10219. al450 Declaryng in Kail 81.56. al450 Gesta 277[11]. cl450 Alphabet I 140.5, 15, 214.2. cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 100.15-6: Magre in hys teethe. 01489 Caxton Aymon I 109.13-4, 229.1. alSOO Gest of Robyn Hade in Child III 67.225[4]: Maugre in theyr tethe. al500 Medwall Nature ВГ[40]. cl503 More Early Poems [6] C[4], cl505 Picus 11 Н[3-4]. 1512 Copland Helyas Ι2'·[26]. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 113.178. 1522

Tooth

604

Γ407

Skelton Why Come II 55.939: In the spyght of T413 To keep (hear) for one's own Tooth his tethe. 1528 More Heresyes 184 G[10-l]: In cl395 Chaucer CT 1II[D] 449: But I wol kepe despite of al their teth, 232 A[10], 1532 Confu- it for youre owene tooth. 1556 Heywood Spider tación 510 E[6], 576 D[9], 732 E[9-10], 802 207[10]: Ech hoping to here a tale, for his own D[16]: Spyght of theyr teeth. al533 Berners tooth. Whiting Drama 367:904. Huon 175.13: In the dyspyte of his teth. 1534 T414 To lie throughout (amidward) the Teeth More Comforte 1168 G[10], 1249 E[2-3]: Spyte cl280 Southern Passion 71.1958: He lyeth thorwof oure teeth. Apperson 597; Taylor and Whit- out his teth. cl300 Guy^ 250.4385: Thou lexst ing 378; Tilley S764; Whiting Drama 367:904, amidward thi teth. NED Tooth Ic. See H243. Scots II 144. See T418. T415 To one's Teeth T407 To be armed to the Teeth 1532 More Confutación 379 ВС: Tyndal dare cl300 Beves 172.3644: Al iarmede to the teth, say nay to hys teeth, 499 E[4-5]: Tel him wel 210.4485. cl350 Libeam 29.487: All y-armed and plainly to hys teth. 1556 Heywood Spider into the teth. cI380 Femmbras 87.2707: They 162[28]: To the spiders teethes: anone, yle tell wem y-armed in-to the teth. NED Tooth 6. my minde. NED Tooth 6b; Taylor and Whiting 378; Whiting Drama 367:904. T408 To cast (put, dash) in the Teeth cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 80.335: Why doste T416 To stick in one's Teeth thou rebuke me for that or cast it in my teth. 1529 More Supplicacion 327 H[10-l]: Yet shal 1519 Horman Vulgaria 110[24]: Why puttest there styck in their teeth, the scrypture of the thou that in my tethe. Cur hoc mihi exprobras. Machabees. 1528 More Heresyes 245 EF: And dashe rashelye out holye scrypture in everye lewde felowes T417 Tooth and nail teeth, 1529 Supplicacion 336 C[4-5]: Cast in 1534 More Comforte 1250 D[8-10]: They would our teeth our olde love, 1534 Comforte 1229 fayne kepe them as long as ever they mighte, E[13-4]. 1546 Heywood D 52.379-80: But therto even wyth tooth and nayle. Apperson 641; deviseth to cast in my teeth, Checks and chok- Oxford 200; Taylor and Whiting 378-9; Tilley yng oysters. Oxford 81; Taylor and Whiting 378; T422; Whiting Drama 367:905, Scots II 144. Tilley T429. T4I8 Unthank in (despite) one's Teeth cl200 Hali Meidenhad 66.709-10: Unthonc in T409 To have a sweet Tooth al393 Cower CA II 13.325-6: Delicacie his his teth (var. unthonc hise teth). cl200 St. swete toth Hath fostred. Oxford 636; Taylor and Juliana 33.338: Telle the unthonc in his teth. NED Tooth 5. See T406. Whiting 378; Tilley T420. T410 To have a Tooth that follows yivemess T419 As soon drive a Top over a tiled house (avarice, greediness) 1546 Heywood D 75.185-6: I shall as soone trie cl200 Orm I 325.9317-8: Fra clake and sake, him or take him this waie. As dryve a top over and fra thatt tothth Thatt follghhethth yiferr- a tyeld house, no naie. Apperson 641; Oxford 158; Tilley T438. nesse, 355.10201-2: gredignesse. T411 To have neither Tooth (tongue) nor tongue T420 From Top to (and) tail cl400 St. Anne (1) 46.1781-2: The childre that (tooth) al400 Scottish Legends I 474.560-2: This the of that doyng wyst Told hym fra top to tayle. wif sa abaysyt he mad That scho had nothir al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 87.8759-60: Th(i)s twng na tutht To say hyme that he sad nocht tale fro tope to tale He told them ylka word. sutht, II 449.257-8: Na man of ws had tuth na 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Northern) 228.141-2: tovrag To conclud hir, 451.310-2: That nan in-to And tolde to him fro top and taile Als thai that place Agane hir suld haf tuth na tong Hir had gyffen him in counsaile. al450 York Plays 299.193, 381.159. cl450 St. Cuthbert 96.3276: to resist. Sho teld the tale fra tyle to topp. al460 ToumeT412 To have one's Teeth cold ley Plays 298.162. NED Top sb.i 24a. 1484 Caxton Aesop 53[4-6]: For suche weren fayre gownes and fayre gyrdels of gold that have T421 From (the) Top to (the) toe(s) (nail) theyr teeth cold at home, 123[16-8]: For he cl200 St. Juliana 51.561-2: From the top to that werketh not ne doth no good shal have the tan. cl300 South English Legendary I ofte at his teeth grete cold and lacke at his 152.118: Nou sorwe and sor him be(o) next fram nede. NED Tooth 8a. toppe to the ho (var. to), 239.36: Ich ssel tor-

T431

605

Tough

menti al thi body fram toppe to thin ho (var. him cast Tail over top right ate last. al375 Wilthe to). 1375 Canticum de creatìone 316.551-2, liam 92.2776. cl375 Barbour Bruce I 179.455. 317.593: the. cl390 Mercy Passes All Things in al400 Ipomadon A 112.3881-2, 158.5500-1. Brown Lyrics XIV 130.152-3. cl395 WBible II aI400 Gowther 154.473. cl400 Laud Troy I Paralipomenon Prologue II 385[15-6]: 1 disputed 202.6840, 273.9261, II 493.16727: That he bar with hym fro the top, as thei seyn, unto the him tayl over top. cl400 Triamour 66.821-2. laste nayl. al400 Gast of Gy 7.131. al400 1449 Metham 5.117: That yt over-thrw the Scottish Legends I 429.121-2, II 55.275-6. tempyl off Venus, top over tayle. al450 Feest al425 Bird with Four Feathers in Brown Lyrics of Totenham in Hazlitt EPP III 97.323-4. al461 XIV 211.106. al425 Dayes of the Mone in SP John the Reeve 579.534. 1483 Catholicon Angli20(1923) 79[2.25-6]; the. aI425 Of alle the cum 390: Top over tayle: precipitanter. al500 joyus in Bowers Three Middle English Religious Richard 93.1-2 (var.). al508 Freiris of Berwik Poems 34.57. al450 Castle 95.615: 1 holde thee in Dúnbar 195.560. 1513 Douglas Aeneid III trewe ffro top to the too, 136.1986: Gere thee 89.9. NED Top sb.i 24d. with geris fro toppe to the too. al460 Towneley Plays 396.95. al475 Ludus Coventriae 303.921-2. T426 As bright as Topaz 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 68.37: Crysp haris, cl489 Caxton Blanchardyn 139.35. al500 Basterfeld 368.82. al500 Medicines in Brown Lyrics brycht as . . . topace. XV 273.26: And traveld my body fro top to T427 Topsail(s) over the too. alSOO Miroure of Mans Salvacionne al300 Richard 442. var. after 7062: That he 75[12]: the. 1528 More Heresyes 235D[15-6]. tumbled samfaile Top-saile over his hors-taile. 1556 Heywood Spider 325[2-3]: From top to al400 Chevelere 16.320: And eyther of hem toe, (as wo saie: hie, meane, and low.). So: topseyle tumbledde to the erthe. al400 Destrucfrom brim to botom. Taylor and Whiting 379; tion of Troy 41.1219: Mony turnyt with tene Tilley T436. See C575, F468, H215. topsayles over. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 71.1208 (var.): And over al where it hitte were they T422 To be in another's Top never so stronge, Topseyl over throwyd and in 1384 T. Usk Appeal in R. W. Chambers and the dich fylln. NED Topsail c. M. Daunt Book of London English 1384-1425 (Oxford, 1931) 28.170-1: I wot wel everi man T428 To burn like any Torch sholde have be in others top. cl500 Fabyan cl386 Chaucer LGW 2419: The se, by nyghte, 249[3-4]: Leste he hadde brought all in his as any torche it brende. toppe atones. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 111[1]: T429 To shine like Torch-light He is ever in my toppe. Semper est mihi incl410 Lovelich Grail IV 349.299-300: And festas, 190[26]: He hath sette every man in Alwey hire tresses behinden hire was dyht, That others toppe. Commisit omnes inter se, 201[14]: weren schineng As torche lyht. Every man is in my toppe. NED Top sb.' 22. T430 Tottenham is turned French T423 To tum upon one's own Top 1546 Heywood D 30.50: Their faces told toies, 1532 More Confutación 421 F[7-8]: (His) erthat Totnam was toumd frenche. Apperson rours . . . turne upon his owne toppe. 641-2; Oxford 666; Tilley T444. T424 Top and tail (toe) T431 To make it Tough cl300 Body and Soul (L) 63.578: Bi top and al300 Arthour and M.i 116.4077: Now thai han tail he slongen hit. сХЗОЗ Mannyng Handlyng ymade it tough. сХЗОО Robert of Gloucester II 177.5416: Go to helle, bothe top and tayle, 712.10498: The king glosede her and ther and 279.8884. cl3S0 Chaucer HF 879-80: And with made it somdel tought. al325 Otuel and Roland thyne eres heren wel Top and tayl, and every65.189-90: And у schall wete wel y-nowe Why del. cl390 Make Amends in Brown Lyrics XIV thou makyst hyt sa towe. el325 Ai I stod on a 197.21-2: Whon top and to to-gedre is knitte. day in Ret. Ant. II 20[5]. cI330 Body and Soul Then schal thi proude wordes a-slake. al450 30.101-2: Thou that madest it so tough, Al thi York Plays 352.114: And tugge hym to, by toppe bobaunce is now ystint. cl330 Otuel 74.292-3. and taile. NED Top sb.i 24a. cl330 Peniworth 117.329: Thus sehe stroked his here and made it tough. 1369 Chaucer BD T425 Top (Tail) over tail (top) al300 Richard 314.4563-4: That he ne yede 531: He made hyt nouther towgh ne queynte. doun, saun ffayle, Off hys hors top over taylle. cl380 Ferumbras 59.1716. cl385 Chaucer TC cl330 Degare 94.577-8: Out of the sadel he ii 1025: As make it with thise argumentes tough.

Tow

606

iii 87: Al nere he malapert, or made it tough, V 101: If that I speke of love, or make it tough, cl390 CT VII 377-9[Β1567-9]: This marchant gan embrace His wyf al newe, and kiste hire on hir face, And up he gooth and maketh it ful tough. c l 3 9 0 Miracles of Our Lady 161.141. c l 3 9 0 Thank God of all in Vernon II 690.67: He wol Rore and make it touh. с1390 Who says the Sooth in Brown Lyrics XIV 152.14: And uche mon maketh touh and queynte. al400 King Edward 975.787. al400 Rowlande 58.118. al400 Siege of Jerusalem 20.355: Tit tolden her tale, and wonder towe made. cI400 Beryn 57.1830. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 127.3516. al420 Lydgate Troy I 276.4603: With face pleyn he (Ulysses) coude make it towe. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 56.7613. c l 4 2 5 Hoccleve Jonathas 238.642: He thoghte nat to make it qweynte and tow. cl440 Charles of Orleans 120.3584: To yelde me yow у kan not make it tow, 217.6475: Whi make ye towgh to com where ye shulde be? cl450 Capgrave Katharine 303.1293. cl475 Golagros 36.1069. al500 Dégrevant 67 С 1027-8: Fior he was gay and amorous, And made hyt so tow. al500 Kyng and the Hermyt in Hazlitt EPF I 24.308. aI500 Miller of Abington 113.336. al500 Ryght as small flodes 157.139. al529 Skelton Against Venemous Tongues I 135.15-6. NED Tough 8; Whiting Scots II 144.

T432 the lowe Cotages stand sure and fast. See RI91, T462, W344.

T435 The higher Tower the more wind al200 Ancrene I I 7 . I 0 - 1 : For eaver se herre tur, se haveth mare windes. See H387, T462. T436 It is eath (easy) to win the Tower that none weres (defends) al325 Cursor III 1358 С 23765-6: Eth es for to win wit hear. The ture that nan es bute to were. See W27. T437 To dance another Trace c l 4 7 5 Mankind 20.521: I xall make hym to dawnce a-nother trace. NED Trace sb.^ 3. T438 A Traitor should not speed (prosper) al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 492.14179-80: Hit was no wonder he hadde no grace, Ffor traitour scholde nought spede in place. See T446. T439 Traitors may never have too much woe (sorrow) aI350 Edward the Confessor 6.182: For me ne mai never traitors do to moche wo. cI450 Edward the Confessor Prose II 111[10-I]: For traytours may nevir have to moche sorow. See T446.

T440 The less Transgressor has greatest punishment T432 To have more Tow (ilax) on one's distaff c l 5 2 3 Barclay Mirrour 33[23]: Or the lesse transgressour have greatest punishment. See (rock) T71. c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT I[A] 3774-5: He hadde moore tow on his distaf Than Gerveys knew. T441 After Travail is need of rest c l 4 I 2 Hoccleve Regement 45.1226-7: Tow on a1450 Generydes A 9.237: And aftre tra vaile, my distaf have I for to spynne. More, my fadir, were nede of reste. See L5. than ye wot of yit, 53.1458: This is the tow that thou speke of ryght now. al460 Towneley T442 To tine (lose, cast away) one's Travail Plays 128.389: I have tow on my rok more then (swink, labor, pain) ever I had. 1525 Berners Froissart V 436[26-7]: c l 3 0 0 Havelok 29.770: Hise swink ne havede He shall have more flax to his dystafFe than he nowht forlorn. al325 Cursor I 108.1741: he can well spynne. 1533 Heywood Pardoner Quen noe sagh his travail tint. c l 3 5 0 Gamelyn B4''[25]: I have more tow on my dystaffe than 652.301: That" travail ys y-lore. al375 William I can well spyn, 1546 Ό 77.243-4: Some of them 56.1560: Al that travaile he has tynt, 99.3015. shall wyn More towe on their distaves, than c l 3 7 5 Barbour Bruce I 163.45. cl378 Piers В they can well spyn. Apperson 642-3; Oxford xvii 246: Al thi laboure is loste, and al thi 667; Tilley T450. See Y5. longe travaille. c l 3 8 0 Ferumbras 125.3991: Ac al hure travail a-way thay caste. cl395 Chaucer T433 As firm as a Tower 1484 Caxton Royal Book КЗ"" [28]: Ferme as a CT VIII[G] 781: For lost is al oure labour and travaille. al400 Dame Sirith 7.134: Her thou toure. Cf. Whiting Scots II 144. lesest al thi swinke. al400 Destruction of Troy T434 High Towers are cast low when the low 319.9775. al400 Ipomadon A 124.4320: And yff cottages stand I thus my travell loste. al400 King Edward cl450 Tuta paupertas in Person 53: Hiegh Tow- 972.666: Thi travayle shal not be forlore. al400 ers by strong wyndes full lowe be cast When Morte Arthure 105.3566. al400 Romaunt В

T452

607

4452: Whiche leese her travel at the laste. al400 ScoUish Legends I 447.207, II 21.708, 102.104, 158.238, 159.246. cl400 Laud Troy I 282.9562: Certes he loste al his laboure, II 388.13162; For hit is but lom travayle, 519.17623: And lese my travayle and lese my way, 526.17880: But lese cure speche and cure travayle. al420 Lydgate Troy III 865.3223: And sith, in soth, loste is my traveyl. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 29.10417. 1447 Bokenham 115.4201: labour . . . lore. al450 Generydes В 50.1548: lost . . . payn, 176.5516: lost my labour and my payn, 177.5543: lost his labour and his payn. al450 Partonope 309.7739: loste travayle, 351.8642: travayle lese. cl450 Alphabet 1164.24: losis . . . labur. cl450 Merlin I 23[11]: loste . . . travayle, 26[3]: lesith . . . traveyle. cl450 Weddynge 253.436: laboure . . . lost, 254.478: lost . . . travaylle. cl455 Partonope S 488.284: travaile . . . lost. al464 Capgrave Chronicle 291(289]: lost . . . laboure. 1465 Paston IV 158[36]: loose . . . labor. al471 Ashby Policy 32.617: lost . . . labour. 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 446.8-9: loste . . . labour and payne, cI477 Jason 18.31-2: loste . . . payne, 1480 Ovyde 67[7-8]: lese . . . payn, 185[28]: losest . . . payne, 1481 Reynard 95[39]: payne loste. cl485 Monk of Evesham 86[4-5]; loste . . . labur and besynes. al500 Eger H 339.2576. cISOO Fabyan 100[47]: laboure loste, 381[26]: lost . . . labour, 563[48]: travayle lost. 1502 Robert the Devil D3''[14]: loste . . . laboure. 1504 Hawes Example Dd3''[5]: labour . . . lost in vayne. cl505 Watson Valentine 96.35: lese . . . payne, 107.23: loste . . . payne, 164.21: lese . . . payne, 228.7: lost . . . payne, 229.10: loste . . . payne, 272.24: lesest . . . payne, 1518 Oliver Gl''[13-4]; lese . . . payne. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 415[7]: lose . . . labour, 431[27]: lose . . . labour. al533 Berners Huon 757.17-8: lose . . . payne. 1533 More Confutación 662 A[8]: leeseth . . . labour. Tilley L9. See L l l , T329, VI. T443 As true (try [good]) as Treacle cl330 Praise of Women 295.188: Trewe as treacle er thai to fond. cl350 Alexander A 128.198-9: Ne triade in his taste so trie is too knowe. As that ladie.

Treasurer

which for a throwe Lith hidd, til whan the wyndes blowe It blaseth out on every side. cl505 Watson Valentine 90.30-2: Treason that hathe ben hydde so longe, shalbe knowne manifestly before everi body. See M806. T446 Treason has evil ending (varied) al300 Alisaunder 265.4723-4: For Clerkes siggeth in her writyng Traisoun hath yvel endyng. cl450 RawUnson Troye 200.8-9: And alwey the ende of every treson and falsenes (tumeth) to sorowe and myschef at the last. Skeat 59. See T438, 439. T447 Treason is convenient (suitable) for treason al420 Lydgate Troy III 708.4915: Tresoun for tresoun is convenient. See G491. T448 Treason returns ever to its master cl505 Watson Valentine 43.33-4: Treason and falshode retoumed ever to their maisters, 51.134: It is said com(m)enly the treason wil ever retume to his maister againe. See D342. T449 All Treasure here is transitory al449 Lydgate Benedic in MP I 5.118: Al trésor here nys but transytorye. Cf. Whiting Drama 124. See C114, R119. T450 Treasure has no tack (endurance) al450 Castle 166.2987-8: Tresor, trésor, it hathe no tak; It is other mens, olde and newe. T451 Where the Treasure is the heart is clOOO WSG Matthew vi 21: Witodlice ¡заег Sin goldhord is, Jjaer is Öin heorte, Luke xii 34. cl200 Vices and Virtues (Stowe) 69.25: Thar the thin hord is, thaer is thin herte. cl395 WBible Matthew vi 21: For where thi tresoure is, there also thin herte is, Luke xii 34. cl425 St. Mary Oignies 146.15-6: Where hir tresoure was, there was hir herte, as Cryste seith. cl450 Ratis 47.1660-1. 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 287 (by error 286) [2.19]. 1490 Irlande Meroure 29.24-6: For oft tymes men thinkis on the playis and the thingis that thar hert lufis— Mathei vi. al496 Rote or Myrow D4''[3-6]. alSOO Imitatione (1) 127.8. al500 Lambeth Prose Legends 331.25-6. 1502 Imitatione (2) 242.4-5. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 29.30. 1522 More Treatyce 92 G[9-ll], 1534 Comforte 1232 E[16-8]. Smith 300; Taylor and Whiting 381; Tilley T485. See S634, T240.

T444 Treachery wends (turns) upon oneself cl300 South English Legendary (Laud) 334.368: And symon Magus-is tricherie op-on him-sulf T452 A Treasurer for two years may lead a it gan i-wiende. See G491. lord's life twenty years after T445 Hid Treason shall be known (varied) cl405 Mum 27.11-2: For two yere a tresorier al393 Gower CA II 209.2946-9: That it (Trea- twenty vv^tre aftre May lyve a lord-is life, as son) nys lieh the Sparke fyred Up in the Rof, leued men teilen.

Treaty

608

T453

For if in a greene tre thei don these thingis, T453 In long Treaty sometimes lies great what schal be don in a drie? Oxford 149. falsehood clSOO Melusine 113.18: For in long treatee T462 In highest Trees the force of winds is most lyeth somtyme grete falshed. See L67. advanced T454 As dry as a (any) Tree 1532 Berners Golden Boke 229.3605-6: In the al325 Kildare Swet Jesus in Heuser 84.11[l-2]: mooste highest trees the force of wyndes is The pouer man goth bifor the, Al idriid als a mooste advaunced. Tilley T509. See H387, R191, tre. cl395 WBible Lamentations iv 8: The skyn T434, W344. . . . driede, and was maad as a tre. cl400 Seven Sages D 47.1482. al500 Eger Ρ 192.180: For Т4вЗ A low lying Tree grows least blood as drye as any tree, Η 201.316. Whiting c900 Maxims in Exeter Book 162.158: Liegende beam Issest groweô. Scots II 145. See S740. T464 Lowest Trees are most sure in stormy T455 As dumb as a Tree (etc.) (A number of weather single quotations are brought together here) 1509 Barclay Ship 1188[8-10]: In stormy wyndes cl390 Chaucer CT II[B] 1055: And she, for lowest trees ar most sure, And howsys surest sorwe, as doumb stant as a tree. al400 Scottish Legends I 325.1005-6: Sa that I umquhyle wald whiche ar nat byldyd hye. Where as hye byldbe Hard frosyne as ony tre. al430 Lydgate ynges may no tempest endure. Cf. Tilley C208, Pilgrimage 558.20927: Ffor he ys ded as . . . T509; Whiting Scote II 144-5. See Об. tre. cl450 Alphabet II 376.7: A man als hye as T465 Such Tree such fruit (varied) treis. I4S4 Caxton Royal Book КЗ'рв]: Roted clOOO WSG Matthew vii 17: Swa aelc god treow as a tree. byrö gode waestmas, and aelc yfel treow Ьугб yfele Wiestmas. cl300 South English Legendary T456 As lean as any (a) Tree (Laud) 282.166-7: For ore loverd seide, i-wis: cl400 Emaré 12.365: She was wax lene as a tre. "bi the fruyt man may i-seo hwat-manere treo cl420 Page Siege 186.1000: And were as lene as it is." al325 Cursor I 10.33-8: Bot be the fruit any treys. cl450 Brut II 414.26. al508 Dunbar may scilwis se, О quat vertu is ilka tre Of alkyn Flyting 10.182. Whiting Scots II 145. fruit that man schal fynd He fettes fro the rote his kynd. О gode pertre coms god peres, Wers T457 As stiff as Tree cl300 South English Legendary II 546.95: Here tre, vers fruit it beres. cl386 Chaucer LG W2394armes . . . bicorne as stif as treo. Whiting 6: By preve as wel as by autorite, That wiked fruit Cometh of a wiked tre. That may ye fynde, Ballad 32. if that it like yow, cl390 CT VII I956[B3146]: Of fleble trees ther comen wrecched ympes, T458 As thick as Trees cl400 Laud Troy I 225.7617-8: Then men X[I] 115: And therfore oure Lord Jhesu Crist myght se swordes drawe—Thikkere then trees seith thus: "By the fruyt of hem shul ye knowen by wode-schawe, 287.9741-2: For it is layd with hem." cl395 WBible Matthew vii 17: So every dede bodies Thikkere than trees ar set In ris. good tre makith good fruytis; but an yvel tre makith yvel fruytis. aI400 Cleansing 17.7-8 Taylor and Whiting 381. (f.ll"'): Wicked ftnyt springeth out of an evyl T459 As true as (the) Tree tre. al400 Pricke 19.658-9: Swilk als the tre es cl350 Good Wife E 162.74: Thou thei weren with bowes, Swilk es the fruyt that on it growes. also trewe so er was tre. cl390 Cristenemon al400 Wyclif Sermons 1 21[14-5]: The word of and a Jew in Vernon II 485.27-8: To his trouthe Crist, that a good tree may not bere yvel fruyte, hedde he tiht, Trewe as the tre {?the Cross— ne an yvel tree good fruyte, 166(34-5]. cl400 NED Tree 4a). How Men ought to Obey Prelates in Wyclif EW 35[30]: Cursed fruyt spryngith out of a cursed T460 Great Trees sooner break than bow tree. cl400 Vices and Virtues 21.33-4: Evele cl523 Barclay Mirrour 24[14]: For sooner breake fruyght, and than knoweth men openly that then bowe great trees of longe age. See B484. the tree was never good. 1402 Hoccleve Letter of Cupid 79.176-7: A wikked tre, gode frute T461 If in a green Tree they do these things, may noon forth bryng; For swiche the frute ys what will they do in the dry? as that is the tre. al415 Mirk FesUal 216.1-2: clOOO WSG Luke xxiii 31: For {jam gif hig on Thus God sayth hymself: "Of a good tre comythe grenum treowe Jias Jjing doS, hwaet doS hig good frute." al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 261. on l^am drigean? cI395 WBible Luke xxiii 31:

T471

609

Tree

9457-9: For the ffrut (what-evere yt be) Bereth number of single quotations are brought together the tarage off the tre That yt kam fro, cl433 here) Sf. Edmund 383.347: Good frut ay cometh fro cl300 Northern Homily Cycle {Edin. Coll. Phys.) trees that be geode, al439 Fall I 133.4771: As 36[25-6]: Quen thai yed sain Jon to se. That off the stok the frut hath his tarage, 206.246-7: stithe stod als stalworth tre. cl330 Orfeo Frut and apples taken ther tarage Wher thei 43.508: He is y-clongen (shrivelled) al-so a tre. first greuh off the same tree, II 471.5081-2: For, al400 Scottish Legends II 394.259-60: Bot scho it is seid of ful old langage, Frut of sour trees mycht nocht steryt be Mare thane ware a ruttake a sour tarage, III 969.1782: The frut also fast tre. cl400 Laud Troy I 148.5025-6: He bert(h) of the tre witnesse, 1439 Sf. Albon clove hem with swordis egge. As man doth the 116.299: The tarage of trees by the frute is sene, tre with wegge. al449 Vertu in MP II 835.17: Frut fet fro fer tarageth of the tre. World in MP II 844.18: T469 Tree and rind savor of one tarage (taste) Frute folwith the tarage of the tree. 1449 Met- al439 Lydgate Fall III 969.1781: Of oon tarage ham 3.55: The (s)qwete frute schewyth the savoureth tre and rynde. gentil tre. cl449 Pecock Repressor II 321[21-2]: Aftir the sentence of Crist . . . Such is the ire, T470 The Tree crooks soon that will be a good which is the fruyt of the same tree. al450 Song cambrel (cammock [bent stick]) (varied) of Moses in Wyclif SEW III 38[30-l]: And thus al400 Titus 206.4579: Ever hit is crokede (var.: yvele trees bringen forth yvel fruyt. cl450 Foly But well sone hit is crokyd) that wil be wronge. of Fulys 54.73-6: Sa be thar werkis men may al449 Lydgate Vertu in MP II 836.33-4: A see That gud fruyt cumys ay of gude tre. Fore yong braunch wol soone wexe wrong, Disal mankind is knawin, I-wys, Be froyt that of poosyd of kynde for to been a crook. al475 hyme cumand Is. cI450 Jacob's Well 74.26-7: Good Wyfe Wold 175.71-2: Al day men mey Be the frute, men may knowe the tre. cl450 see. The tre crokothe son that good cambrel Pilgrimage LM 90[19-20]: Riht it is that the vi^yll be. al500 Hill 129.32: Son crokith the tre, tre bere swich fruyt as kynde techeth it. cl475 that crokid will be. cl523 Barclay Mirrour Rawlinson MS. D 328 124.69: Sygge tre sygge 24[10-1]: Soone crooketh the same tree that frytte. al500 Additional MS.37075 278.25: A tre good camoke wilbe. As a common proverbe in scheyth what frute comyth ofe. alSOO Hill youth I heard this sayde. 1546 Heywood D 128.18: Often times prowith the frwight after 94.129: Timely crooketh the tree, that will a the stok that hit cometh off. 1509 Fisher Treatyse good camok bee. Apperson 587-8; Jente 698; 185.12-3: An evyll tree may brynge forth no Oxford 119; Tilley T493. See C17. good fmyte. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 151.321: So every tree hath fruit after his kinde. 1528 More Heresyes 263 GH: As Christ sayth . . . an T471 The Tree (oak) is feeble that falls at the evyll tre can not bring forth good frute. 1528 first dent (stroke) (varied) Skelton Replycacion I 214.156-7: For it is an cl385 Usk 135.91-2: The tree is ful feble that auncyent brute, Suche apple tre, suche frute. at the firste dent falleth. al400 Romaunt R Apperson 263, 607; Oxford 670; Taylor and 3687-92: For no man at the firste strok Ne may Whiting 381; Tilley F777, T486, 494; Whiting nat felle down an ok; Nor of the reysyns have Scots I 175, II 144. See F309, 124, M82, PI99, the wyn, Tyl grapes be rype, and wel afyn Be sore empressid, I you ensure. And drawen out S200, 744, T472, W m . of the pressure. al439 Lydgate Fall I 3.96-7: These ookis grete be nat doun ihewe First at a T466 To draw (congeal) like a Tree to rind strok(e), but bi long processe. 1477 Paston V с 1390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes 266[18-9]: It is but a sympill оке. That (is) cut (Vernon) 268.643: Thei drouh to hym as treo down at the first stroke, 269[20-2]: And I harde to Bynde. cl450 Idley 100.1152: Congeled with my lady sey. That it was a febill оке. That was hate as a tree to a rynde. Cf. Tilley B83. kit down at the first stroke. al500 Hill 128.19: Hit is a febill tre that fallith at the first strok. T467 To fall like a (heavy) Tree al500 О mercifull in Stow Chaucer (1561) al350 Ywain 67.2484-5: Bot fast unto the erth CCCXLIir[2.33]: It is a simple tree, that falleth he fell. Als it had bene a hevy tre. cl400 Laud with one stroke. cl505 Watson Valentine Troy I 316.10719: He felde hem doun as hadde 192.26-7: For at the first stroke with an axe ben tres. the tree is not smyten downe. Apperson 461, Τ4β8 To stand like a stalwart Tr«e (etc.) (A 645; Jente 200; Oxford 466-7, 627; Tilley T496.

Tree

610

T472

T472 A Tree is known by its fruit say so. Apperson 644-5; Oxford 402: Man lives; clOOO WSG Matthew xii 33: Witodlice be {jam Tilley M64, T503. wœstme byö {jœt treow oncnawen, Luke vi 44: T478 As who says (Not so soon say) Trey-Ace Ж1с treow is be his w®stme oncnawen. cl395 (a cast at dice) WBible Matthew xii 33: For a tree is knowun al393 Gower CA II 116.2963: Al sodeinliche, of the fruyt, Luke vi 44. al449 PLydgate St. as who seith treis. cl400 Laud Troy 1263.8917-8: Anne in MP I 130.5: Right as for the fruyte A man schuld not so sone say "trayse," As he fel honoured is the tre. 1495 Fitzjames Sermo ded and held his payse. al450 Partonope 212-3. F2^'[28]: Ye knowe the tree by the fruyte. 1513 5607-10: To shyppe he gothe, and takethe the Bradshaw St. Werburge 29.610-4: Every tree or way Over the see streyghte to Bloys. Thyder plante is proved evydent Whyther good or evyll he come as who seyethe treys {vars.: tryes, by experyence full sure, By the budde and fruyte threys). Shorte tale to make, he yede to londe. and pleasaunt descent; A swete tree bryngeth NED Trey lb, 3. forth by cours of nature Swete fruyte and delycyous in tast and verdure. 1528 More T479 At (In) a Trice Heresyes 259 E[3-4]: As our saviour sayth ye al425 Ipomadon В 267.391-2: The hovradis, shall knowe the tree by the frute. Apperson that were of grete prise, Pluckid downe dere 645; Jente 93; Oxford 670; Smith 301; Taylor all at a tryse. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 85.1130-3: and Whiting 381; Tilley T497. See T465. To tell you what conceyte I had than in a tryce, The matter were to nyse. Tilley T517. T473 The Tree is weak which cannot bide a T480 To take one in a Trip blast 1546 Heywood Ό 65.34-5: And winke on me cl515 Barclay Eclogues 138.816: Weake is the also hardly, if ye can Take me in any tryp. tree which can not bide a blast. Tilley T526. T474 A Tree set in divers places will not bring T481 As tender as a Tripe (ironic) forth fruit (varied) al500 Greene Carols 401 В 4: And some (women) cl385 Chaucer TC i 964-6: As plaunte a tree be tender as a tripe. or herbe, in sondry wyse, And on the morwe pulle it up as blyve! No wonder is, though it T482 True Tristram may nevere thryve. cl385 Usk 22.37-8: A tree cl380 Chaucer Rosemounde 20: That I am trewe ofte set in dyvers places wol nat by kynde en- Tristam the secounde. al400 Thre Ages 624: dure to bringe forth frutes, 135.105-6: Every And sir Tristrem the trewe. tree wel springeth, whan it is wel grounded and not often removed. 1496 Alcock Mom C6''[4-5]: T483 Troilus the true A tree ofte transplantyd fro one place to a al400 Destruction of Troy 49.1487: Was Troylus the true, tristy in wer, 127.3922, 198.6116: nother loseth his frute. Tilley T499. Troilus . . . truest of knyghtes, 233.7221: Troiell, the tru knight, 239.7387, 245.7563, 262.8070, T475 The Tree that bows to no wind is in most 312.9590, 326.9991, 335.10274, 337.10322, jeopardy in storms 10344, 339.10395, 347.10656, 450.13776. al400 1509 Barclay Ship 11 213[l-2]: The tre that Thre Ages 326: Sir Troylus, a trewe knyghte. bowyth to no wynde that doth blowe In stormes al425 Chester Plays I 142.245: Nowe comes and tempest is in moste jeoperdy. See R71. Trowle (a shepherd) the trew. 1501 Douglas T476 Trees departed from the rind may not Palice 22.28: Trew Troilus, unfaithfull Cressida. thrive Whiting Scots II 145. al439 Lydgate Fall Ш 912.3204: Trees may T484 After Trouble hearts are made light nat thryve departid fro the rynde. al449 Lydgate Guy in MP II 520.85: Affter T477 Where the Tree (stone) falls there it shall trouble hertys be maad lyght. See B325. lie cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes xi 3: If a tre fallith T485 As whole as any (a) Trout doun to the south, ether to the north, in what al325 Cursor II 470 CF 8150: That he was hale ever place it fallith doun, ther it schal be. sume (F as) ani trote, 682.11884: Thou sal be 1522 More Treatyse 78 H[6-8]: As the Scrypture hale sum (vars. as, als) ani trute. cl516 Skelton sayeth, wheresoever the stone falleth there Magnificence 51.1624: I am forthwith as hole as shall it abyde. 1556 Heywood Spider 409[21]: a troute. Apperson 590; Ch^ord 706; Tilley And where the tree faith, theare lithe it: darks T536. See F223, 228, P172, 195.

7508

611

Truth

T486 He that is True shall never rue T497 Set Truth before gold and silver al393 Gower CA III 286.1961-2: The proverbe cl340 Rolle Psalter 204 (57.1): Ye sett trouth bifor gold and silvere. See T502, 505. is, who that is trewe, Him schal his while nevere rewe. T498 There is more Truth in a hound than in T487 As thundering as a Trump some men cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2174: His voys was as cl390 Fy on a faint Friend in Brown Lyrics XIV a trompe thonderynge. 156.51-2: Ther is more treuthe in an hounde Then in sum mon, I understonde. T488 To ring like a Trumpet 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 163.68: Thy vocis soun, T499 To tell Truth without sin quhilk as a trumpet rang. 1546 Heywood D 39.137: If I maie (as they say) tell trouth without syn. Trust, sb. T500 Truth cannot feign (lie) T489 Beware of Trust (varied) cl400 Gower Peace III 490.312: The trouthe can aI425 Deceit II in Robbins 100.7-8: (W)herfore noght feine. cl522 Skelton Colyn I 330.487: beware of trust, after my devise; (T)rust to But trouth can never lye. thi-selfe and leme to be wyse. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 59.1885: And in theyr moste truste T501 Truth is best cl390 Truth is Best in Brown Lyrics XIV I make them overthrowe. Cf. Smith 302. 168-70.8: We schal wel fynde that treuthe is T490 Give not Trust to every word that you best, 16, 24, 32, etc. 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie hear 34.283: And yit is trouthe best at all assayes. cl450 Alphabet 1 132.18-9: Gyff not truste unto cl515 Barclay Eclogues 19.588: But to say truth everilk wurd at thou heris. See M115, W629. is best. T491 Hasty Trust oft fails fools T502 Truth is more than all the world al439 Lydgate Fall II 455.4520: But hasti trust cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 98.2764: Trouthe doth foolis ofte faille. See F448. ys more than alle the worlde. See T495, 497. T492 In Trust is treason (varied) 1460 Paston III 230[15-6]: Est vulgare pro- T503 Truth is plain 1546 Heywood D 61.97: That in plaine termes, verbium "Accordyng to ryte reson that to oftyn it is in ceson, that in trust is gret treson." plaine truth to you to utter. Smith 304; Tilley al475 Good Wyfe Wold 174.38: For oft in trust T593. ys tressoun. al475 Ludus Coventriae 227.58. T504 Truth is the daughter of time cl475 Mankind 27.743. aI500 Wold God that 1532 Berners Golden Boke 105.69-70: Trouthe men 9[10]: Trost ys full of treson. clSOO Fare(the whiche accordynge to Aul. Gel. is doughter well in Brown Lyrics XV 236.16: I have my of the time). Apperson 650; Oxford 674; Tilley dreme, in trust is moche treson. 1546 Heywood T580. D 72.71. Apperson 648; Oxford 673; Tilley T549. T505 Truth is triedest (choicest) treasure on T493 Who trusts to Trust is ready to fall al425 Deceit II in Robbins 100.4: (W)ho trustith earth al376 Piers A i 126: That treuthe is tresour to truste ys redy for to falle. triedest on eorthe. See T495, 497, 502. Trust, vb. T506 Truth may be bold in every place T494 Where one Trusts he is beguiled al500 Alas! What rulythe 268[39]: Truethe maye cl500 Banished Lover in Robbins 14.4: Ffor be bould in every place. Cf. Tilley T576. where I trusted I am begyld. See E97. T507 Truth may be troubled (gramed [vexed]) Truth, see Sooth but never shamed T495 Great is Truth and passes all other (things) cl450 Fyrst thou sal 91.199-200: Trewthe may cl395 WBible III Esdras iv 41: Greet is treuthe, be trobyld Bot never sal be schamed. al475 and it passith bifore alle othere. Tilley T579. Ashby Dicta 90.1056-7: For trouthe at longe See T502, 505. shal never be shamed, Thaugh he be other while Ivyl gramed. Apperson 650; Oxford 674-5; Tilley T496 No Truth may be proved unassayed T584. See T510. 1420 Lydgate Temple 51.1249: For un-assaied men may no trouthe preve. T508 The Truth may not fail

Truth

612

T509

1484 Caxton Aesop 2β1[6-7]: The trouthe may T516 As full as a Tun 1546 Heywood D 54.423: Wherof I fed me as not faylle. Cf. Tilley T576, 579. full as a tunne, 1555 E 181.193. Apperson 241; T509 Truth must stand (varied) Tilley T598. al393 Gower CA II 15.369: For trowthe mot stonde ate laste, III 286.1957-60: The trouthe, T517 As great as any (a) Tun hou so it evere come, Mai for nothing ben cl300 Beves 132.14: Hys myddyl was gret as a overcome; It mai wel soffre for a throwe, Bot tunne. al400 Eglamour 52. var. after 774: Hys ate laste it schal be knowe. a1439 Lydgate Fall body gretter then a tonne. al430 Lydgate I 292.3297: But trouthe alway venquysshith at Pilgrimage 387.14330. al475 Guy^ 195.6826: the eende. cl450 Idley 90.598-9: Trouthe at a. al500 Beves 128 M 2426. 1506 Hawes Pastime last wol be shielde and fan And put forth 194.5138. Cf. Whiting Drama 330:342. falshede out at the gate. Apperson 651; Oxford T518 As large as Tuns (etc.) (A number of single 674, 675; Tilley T591. quotations are brought together here) с 1421 Lydgate Thebes 114.2759-60: He sette T510 Truth never did its master shame al475 Ludus Coventriae 340.113: Trewth dyd many Connys, Crete and smale and some large nevyr his maystyr shame. alSOO Young Children's as tonnys. al450 York Plays 430.127: Thanne Book 19.41-2: Treuth wy(l)t never his master was his toumbe tome (empty) as a tonne. al500 schame, Yt kepys hym out offe synne and blame. Lover's Mocking Reply in Robbins 222.38: Smal Apperson 650; Oxford 674-5; Tilley T586. See in the bely as a wyn toune. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 166.724: Or buckishe Joly well stuffed T507. as a ton. T511 Truth overcomes all things cl395 WBible III Esdras iii 12: Treuthe over- T519 As well talk to a toom (empty) Tun comith forsothe over alle thingis. Tilley T579. al450 York Plays 264.249: Sir, we myght als See T513. wele talke Tille a tome tonne! See P317, W26. T512 Truth (Soothfastness) seeks no hems T520 A full Tun will sound nothing (i.e., make (corners) (varied) no sound) al400 Romaunt С 6712: For sothfastnesse virole al400 Stanzaic Life 343.10113-6: The fyrst none hidyngis. 1401 Treuth in Kail 9.5: Trouthe songe made no sowene After tho fyrst sowene secheth non hemes ther los is lamed. 1404 doun comyng, As schawes bothe in tour and Leme say wele in Kail 19.157: Ffor sothnes tone, A full tunne will sowen no thyng. See V25. nevere hemes sought. 1414 God save the kyng in Kail 53.74: Trouthe secheth non hemes to T521 To drink of another Tun shewe his speche. cl475 Court of Sapience cl395 Chaucer CT II1[D] 170-1: Thou shalt 134.263-4: Neyther hoole ne heme, the playne drynken of another tonne. Er that I go, shal savoure wors than ale. longeth to me (Veryte speaks, and there is a marginal note: Veritas non querit ángulos). T522 As foul as any Turd 1483 Caxton Golden Legende 101''[1.39-41]: 1438 Barlam and Josaphat (Vernon) 224.708-10: For as saynt Jherom sayth, trouth seketh no The feirnes of that damysel and hire clothing comers. Apperson 650; Tilley T587; Whiting Semed to him at о worde Ffoulore thenne then Scots II 128. See L99. eny torde. T513 Truth shall surmount T523 The more one stirs a Turd (drit) the more al420 Lydgate Troy III 836.2216-7: Maugre it stinks (varied) who gmcchith, trouth(e) shal surmounte,—1 al400 Wyclif Sermons 1 89[10-1]: But dritte, dar aferme—and bere a-weye the pris. Cf. Tilley yif stired more, is more unsavery. 1496 Alcock T576, 579. See T511. Möns B6''[6-8]: Ryght soo as a stynkinge dunghyll, the more that it is styred the more it T514 The Truth tries the self savouryth. 1546 Heywood D 80.68: The more cl475 Mankind 31.831: The prowerbe seyth we stur a tourde, the wurs it will stynke. Jente "the trewth tryith the sylfe." Apperson 651. 799; Oxford 621; Tilley T603. T515 Truth will not paint his words (varied) T524 Not give a Turd al393 Gower CA II 43.284: For trowthe hise cl250 Owl 142.1686: A tort ne give ich for ow Wördes wol noght peinte. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 91[19]: Treuthe nedeth no peynted or colored alle! termes. Oxford 675; Tilley T585. T525 Not set a stinking Turd

T539

613

cl500 Wife Lapped 219.933: I set not by thee a stinking torde. Whiting Drama 368:914. T526 Not worth a Turd (varied) cl300 Guyi 212 A 3703-4: And thou, Mahoun, her alder lord, Thou nart nought worth a tord! al325 Otuel and Roland 100.1322: He sayde that oure god vas nought worth a tord. cl390 Chaucer CT VII 930[В2120]: Thy drasty rymyng is nat worth a toordi al450 Castle 144.2227. cl475 Gui/i 213 С 3704: Thou art not worthe a mouse tordel cI499 Skelton Bowge 1 45.392. al500 Carpenter's Tools 83.110. 1519 Herman Vulgaria 425[29]: That reason is nat worth a pyggis turde. Ea ratio non aequat succerdam. Tilley Те05. See T228. T527 To fall down like a Turd cI395 WBible Jeremiah ix 22: And the deed bodi of a man schal fai doun as a toord (al382: drit) on the face of the cuntrei.

Turtle That on good tume another quytith. cl450 Epistle of Othea 86.5-6: A good dede, of verrey ryght, another have wold Doon ageyn therfore. cl450 Rylands MS.394 92.17: О good tume asket another. 1456 Hay Law 140.4-5: Sen a bountes askis ane othir be obligacioun naturale, 248.8-9: A gude requerís ane othir, and rycht sa, ane evill, be the commoun lawis. cI475 Henryson Fables 55.1557: Cum help to quyte ane gude tume for ane uther. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.26. 1484 Caxton Royal Book C5^[8]: For one bounte requyreth and asketh another, 1489 Aytnon II 383.32-3: I knowe that one curtesie requyreth a nother. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 184.3-5: He that wyll remembre a good tume or benefeyte is worthy to have gentylnes and lyberalyte shewed to hym. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 172 [9]: One good tume wyll have a nother, 177[27]: One good dede is quytte with a nother. 1549 Heywood D 51.321: One good toume askth an other. Apperson 470-1; Oxford 257; Smith 307; Taylor and Whiting 386; Tilley Τ61β; Whiting Scots II 146.

T528 To housel with a Turd cl300 Amis 17. var. after 396: He that doyeth for a worthe, Howsele hym with a torde, Y ne yeve of thy nay. T534 To be cast with (in) one's own Tum (wrestling trick) T529 As bad as the Turk 1509 Barclay Ship II 138[4]: Wors than the turke. сХЗОО Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 83-4: Bot sinful man gers him oft schume. And T530 An evil Tum for another castis him wit his awen tume, Quen (he) him al400 Wyclif Sermons II 250[8-9]: For that schrifes of his sin. al496 Rote or Myrour HI" worldly man is queynt, bothe in werres and [21-2]: And thus they gyve hym a falle in his other lyfe, that can yelde redely an yvel tume owne tourne. 1555 Heywood E 186.220: He is for another. 1509 Barclay Ship II 38[7]: One yll cast in his owne tume. NED Tum 20; Whiting turne requyreth, another be thou sure, 39[19]: Ballad 36. See S848, 950, W711. To one yll tume another doth belonge. Oxford 257; Tilley T617. T535 To do a good Tum for an evil cl450 Robin Hood and the Monk in Child III T53I An evil Tum is written in marble, a good 100.77: I have done the a gode tume for an tum in dust evyll, Quyte the whan thou may. 1513 More Richard 57 E [ 9 - l l ] : For men use if they have an evil tume, to write it in marble: T536 To have a shrewd Tum for a good and whoso doth us a good tourne, we write it cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 82.343: I se well nowe, in duste. Cf. Tilley T619. yf a man do a goode tume he shall have a shrewde for it. Whiting Drama 39. T532 For every shrewd Tum to have twain cl497 Medwall Fulgens Dl''[22]: For every T537 To take one's Tum shrewed tume he shall have twayne. See S513. cl393 Chaucer Scogan 42: Take every man hys

tum, as for his tyme. T533 One good Tum asks another (varied) 1340 Ayenbite 18[28-9]: Wei ssolde he thonki T538 Tums good or bad are quit though they god: of alle his guode. Vor guodnesse: other as be delayed akseth. al400 Speculum Christiani (1) 99.4: Not cI425 Hoccleve Jonathas 236.575-6: Tomes yildand a gode dede for a nothir yif we may. been qwit, al be they goode or badde, Sumcl400 Vices and Virtues 14.4-5: For a good tyme, thogh they put been in delay. tume asketh a-nother, "Bounte autre requert," dit luy fraunseis. al450 Generydes В 182. T539 As chaste as a Turtle(-dove) 5698-700: And this I will remembre in my 1456 Hay Goverrmunce 157.23: Sum chaste as a mende Eche creature of nature hym delitith. turtur dowe.

Turtle T540 As meek as a Turtle c l 4 5 0 Secrete of Secretes turtille.

614

35.18: Meek as a

T541 As simple as a Turtle 1480 Caxton Ovyde 98[6]: Symple to good folk as a Turtle. T542 As true as a Turtle (varied) c l 3 2 5 Annoi 137.22: To trewe tortle in a tour. c l 3 8 0 Chaucer PF 355: The wedded turtil, with hire herte trewe, 577: The turtle trewe, c l 3 9 0 CT I[A] 3706: That lik a turtel trewe is my moomynge. cl390 Salutacioun to ure lady 135.43: Heil Tortul trustiest and trewe. c l 4 0 0 Holy Meditaciun in PMLA 54(1939) 379.17: Jesu in temple, as turtil trewe. cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife 141.48: As treewe as turtle that lakkith hir feere. al449 Lydgate Our Lady in MP I 258.78: О trest turtyl, trowest of al trewe. al450 Behold Jesus in Brown Lyrics XV 141.41: Trewe turtyl. cl450 Holland Howlat 51.127-8: That was the Turtour trewest, Ferme, faithfull and fast, 52.135: The trewe Turtour, 57.287: The trewe Turtour and traist. al460 Toumeley Plays 38.505-6: The dowfe is more gentili, her trust I untew. Like unto the turtill, for she is ay trew. c l 4 6 0 W. Huchen Hymn in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 291.2: Turtill trew, flowre of women alle. al500 Against Adultery 370.152: The turtell trewe. al500 Beauty of his Mistress Π in Bobbins 124.8: As true as turtyll that syttes on a tree, Beauty of his Mistress Ш 126.11: Trew as turtyll on a tree. al500 Court of Love 415.234: Of hir, Anelida, true as turtilldove. al500 Greene Carols 399.1: That women be trewe as tirtyll on tree. al500 On a dere day in Dyboski 84.10-2: A tyrtyll trew a-monge all tho, Sange this songe in sothfastnes: "Fortis ut mors dileccio." alSOO Thoyihis fre in MLN 69(1954) 157.29-30: Wald god gyf that ye war als trew As ever was turtyll dowff on tre. al500 Triamour (P) II 81.21: And as true as the turtle on tree, 84.104: You are as true as turtle on the tree. al500 Verbum Caro in Brown Lyrics XV 115.4: A tyrtull trew. c l 5 0 0 Lover's Farewell in Bobbins 213.112: Ffarewell Turtill trewe triable. Cisco Newton 270.40: Ye are as tru as a turtill-dove in true lovynge. 1506 Kalender 148.2: True as the tyrtyll dove. al508 Skelton Phyllyp I 65.465: With the turtyll most trew. Apperson 646; Oxford 671; Tilley T624; Whiting Drama 147, 252, 268, 331:345, Scots II 146. T543 The Turtle as a symbol of fidelity in love clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 142[12-5]: J)a turtlan getacniaS clœnnysse: hi sind swa geworhte, gif

T540 hyra oÖer oÔeme forlyst, Jjonne ne secS seo cucu naefre hire oSeme gemacan, II 210[34]: Turtlan we offriaÔ, gif we on claennysse wuniaô. al200 Trinity College Homilies 49[15-6]: Turtle ne wile habbe no make bute on, and after that non, and forthi it bitocneth the clenesse. с 1200 Orm I 42.1274-7: Forr turrtle ledethth charig lif, Thatt Witt tu wel to sothe, Forr fra thatt hire make iss daed Ne kepethth sho nan otherr. al250 Bestiary 22.694-8: In boke is the turtres lif Writen о rime, wu lagelike Ge holdeth luve al hire lif time; Gef ge ones make haveth Fro him ne wile ge sithen (etc.). c l 3 0 0 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 159[3-4]: For yef the turtel tin hir т а к . Never mar wil scho other thac. 1340 Ayenbite 226[2-5]: Vor ase zayth the boc of kende of bestes, efter thet the turle heth ylore hare make: hi ne ssel nevremo habbe velaghrede mid othren, ac alneway hi is one and be-vlyght the velaghrede of othren. c l 3 9 0 Alexius (Vernon) 37.128-30: And seith that heo schal liven alone As turtul on the treo. Evermore with-outen Make. c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2080: Soul as the turtle that lost hath hire make. al398(1495) Bartholomaeus-Trevisa B8''[1.16-20]: The turture is a chaste birde . . . yf he lesyth his make he sekyth not company of other, but goth alone (etc.). al400 Meditations 47.1801-2: As turtel mometh for his make So don ful many for cristes sake. al400 Scottish Legends I 447.229-32: And thane scho sad, quhat-evir befel, That but т а к ay suld scho dwel As turtur, til of hyre т а к Нуге hapnyt confort for to tak. c l 4 0 0 Alexius (Laud) 40.422-6: Liik is my liif on to sene . . . the turtel that is for sorough lene. And tredeth on no gras grene, Sithen hire make is ded. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 250.22-6: For, as the bok seith of kyndes of bestes, after that the turtle hath loste here make, never after wole he holde felawschep with non other but ever-more is alone and fleth the companie of othere. cl408 Lydgate Reson 179. 6853-62: A turtyl gave craftyly. To signefye that fynaly, With-out(e) Mutabilyte, That in Femynynyte Trouthe sholde lasten evere . . . And as a turtil from hir make Departeth by no maner weye In-to the tyme that he deye, al422 Life 653.232-4: He muste ensample of the Turtle take. And be well ware that he not varye But life sool whan he hathe lost his make, a 1425 Alexius (Laud 463) 31.163-6: Lemman, al for thi sake,—So doth the turtel for his make Whan he is y.-slawe,—Al myrthe I. wile forsake. al450 Ai ofte as syghes in Archiv 127(1911) 324.46: The trew(e) turtill moumeth for her make. al450 Gesta 312[1]; I shal be turtill in your

T547

615

absence that hadde lost hire make. al450 Lord, I long after Thee in Brown Lyrics XV 182.1-3: Jhu, for the moume I may As turtel that longeth bothe nyght and day For her love is gone hyr froo. cl475 Parting is Death in Robbins 151.7: With the trew turtil all chaunge for-svering. 1481 Caxton Mirror 102[25-8]; Whan the Turtle hath loste her make whom she hath first knowen, never after wyl she have make, ne sytte upon grane tree, but fleeth emonge the ( for dry) trees contynuelly bewayllyng her love, 1483 Golden Legende 93"'[2.16-8]: The turtle (is) naturelly chast: For whan she hath lost her make, she wyll never have other make, 344^1.9-12]: Make me . . . lyke to the turtle, whiche after she hath lost hir felaw wyll take none other, 1489 Doctrinal I7'[23-6]: As sayen the maystres Naturiens in the book of nature of bestis, after that the turtle hath lost hys make he shal never after acompanye hym or her to another, but is alleway solytarye and fleeth the companye of other. 1493 Seven Wise Masters 131[l-2]: But as a turtyll douve she wolde for the love of her husbonde there abyde and dye. al500 Court of Love 446.1394-9: The turtilldove said, "Welcom, welcom. May, Gladsom and light to loveres that ben tre we I . . . For, in gode sooth, of corage I pursue To serve my make till deth us must depart." al500 Knight of Curtesy 1.7-8: Chaste to her lorde, bothe day and nyght. As is the turtyll upon the tre. al500 Sen that Eine 103.18-21: Evin as men may the turtill trew persaif Once having loist hir feir On the dry brainche ay faytfull to the graif Bewayling perseveir. al508 Dunbar Tretis 91.262: And be as turtoris in your talk. For references, see T542. T544 Twain is better than three in every counsel al400 Romaunt В 5257-60: For whanne he woot his secre thought. The thridde shal knowe therof right nought; For tweyne of noumbre is bet than thre In every counsell and secre. Apperson 655; Oxford 330. See T248. T545 From Tweed into Kent al338 Mannyng Chronicle В II 279[1]: Inglond to destroye fro Tuede unto Kent. See B260, D369. T546 To bring Twenty-one to nought cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 132 Τ 631-3: So longe he vole be bi, He wole brinhin on and tuenti To nout, for sothe iche tellit the. See A4. T547 In (the, a) Twinkling (twink) of an (the) eye a900 Bede 136.3-4: Ac {jaet biô an eagan bryhtm.

Twinkling

alOOO Vercelli Homilies 74.23-4: )э1пс8 him {)eos woruld eft naht, butan swylce hwa his еазе be-priwe, 78.60: On anes еазап byrhtme. clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 568[22-3]: On anre preowt-hwile. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 288.9179: And, as yn twynkelyng of an ye. al325 Ypotís in PMLA 31(1916) 121[35]: In space of twynglynge of thi eye. с 1325 Sayings of St. Bernard 521.191: Ac in twynklyng of an eighe. cl340 Rolle Psalter 260 (72.19-20): the. cl350 Proprium Sanctorum 302.302. cl385 Chaucer Mars 222. cl390 Each Man in Brown Lyrics XIV 141.63-4: With a. cl390 Prikke of Love 286.671: a. cl390 Robert 39.48, 47.343, 49.415. al393 Cower CA II 118.3033: And in a twinklinge of a lok, III 108.5935: a. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 37: a. cl395 WBible I Corinthians xv 52. al396(1494) Hilton Scale Kl''[20-1]: a. al400 Pauline Epistles I Corinthians XV 52: In a moment and in a smytyng of an eye. al400 Pütle of Preier 49.4-5: a. al400 Pricke 135.4976: Als in the space of an eghe twynklyng, 153.5651: Bot a short space als of a eghe twynklyng, 169.6261: Als short als an eghe twynkelyng, 209.7738: a, 214.7948: In a schort. al400 Scottish Legends II 64.594-5: And this merwale alson cane be As man mycht twinkil with his e. cl400 Beryn 94.3107: In twynkelyng. cl400 Elucidarium 5[9-10]: In twynkelinge of an yghe, that is to seie, al soone as thou maist opene thin yghe. al420 Lydgate Troy I 202.2026: with twynklyng. III 802.1016: with twyncling. al425 Christ's Own Complaint in Pol. Rei. and Love Poems 203.191: This world is an ighes twynkeling. al425 Cur Mundus Militât in Brown Lyrics XIV 238.24: in twinkeling. 1435 Misyn Fire 6.21-2: in twynkillyng. al437 Kingis Quair 91.163[7]: in twinklyng. al438 Kempe 16.37-8. al439 Lydgate Fall III 753.2915: With twynclyng. 1445 Almanac in ESt 10(1887) 35[7]. al447 Lichfield Complaint 510.59: In an eyes twynklyng. 1447 Bokenham 127.4635-6. al449 Lydgate Ale-Seller in MP II 431.41: in twynklyng. a1450 Audelay 223.24-5: With the. al450 Gesta 177[9]: in twynkelynge. al450 О ye al whilk in Archiv 167(1935) 27[31]: with twynkillyng. el450 Idley 137.1796: with the. cl450 Lambeth Prose Legends 345.31-2: in twynkeling, 346. 43-4. cl460 Robert of Cesyle in Brotanek 38.71: with twynkeling. al470 Parker Dives Β2"·[2.8-9]: a, Υ3··[1.28-9]: a. 1471 Ripley Compound 127[11]: In twynke of an Eye most sodenly. al475 Promptorium 494: Tvvynkelyng of the ey: Connivencia. al475 Tree 6.6-7: At the day of Jugement . . . shal be axid of the

Two

616

every tyme of thi living how it hath be spendid, ye, unto the leest tvi'ynkehng of thin eighe. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 60.21-2: Accompte for the leest twynkylling of thyn eye and all the tyme of lyf, 68.9-10. 1483 Caxton Cato E5'[17]: a, [18]: a, Golden Legende 5^1.24]: a. cl485 Monk of Evesham 43[21]: the, 51[32-3]: In the space of a twynkelyng of an ye. cl489 Caxton Aymon II 588.15: the. 1490 Irlande Meroure 140.16: And in a moment and tvvynklinge. alSOO Coventry Pbys 18.506: And with a twynke of myn iee. al500 Disciplina 57[30]: a, 59[14]. al500 Ghostly Battle in Yorkshire Writers II 433[30]: the. 1501 Douglas Palice 42.6: In twinkling. 1503 Dunbar Thrissil 110.85: in twynkling, al508 Goldyn Targe 118.235: In twynkling, al513 Best To Be Blyth 144.29: Heir is bot twynklyng of ane E. cl545 Heywood Four PF Dl"[9]: With the, 1556 Spider 29[4]: in twinklyng, 215[10-1]: With twynke, 218[1]: at twink, 424[13]: at twinke. Apperson 653; NED Twink sb.i; Oxford 678; Taylor and Whiting 388; Tilley T635; Whiting Drama 368:919, Scots II 146. See E204, W365.

T548

togidere than oon. al400 Ipomadon A 222. 7788-90: For ofte ys sayd be wyse of werre: Tow ageynst one man here, There in lyethe no chevalrye. cl400 Beryn 18.542: Ffor wee too be stronge Inowgh with о man for to flghte. Jente 703; Oxford 681; Tilley T642. See D332, 0 3 6 . T549 Two have more wit than one al393 Gower CA II 63.1020-1: For he is on and thei ben tuo, and tuo han more wit then on. Oxford 680. See H250. T550 When Two fight there shall be peace when one is vanquished al400 Scottish Legends I 14.259-60: For, quhene twa fechtis, pece sal be Quhen we the tane vincust se. T551 To have a Tyburn check cl516 Skelton Magnificence 29.910-1: A Tyborne checke Shall breke his necke. T552 To hang like a Tyke al500 Thou Sinful Man in Brown Lyrics XV 152.47-9: Leid as an tyke, And theif-lyke, On gallowis to hyng. Taylor and Whiting 107:41. See H574.

T548 Two are stronger than one (varied) cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 825: Two of us shul T553 To steal away like a Tyke strenger be than oon. cl395 WBible Ecclesiastes al400 Melayne 43.1325: Hase thou stollen a iv 9: Therfor it is betere, that tweyne be waye lyke a tyke.

и U1 As good Undone as do it too soon 1546 Heywood D 77.258: As good undoone . . . as doo it to soone. Apperson 659; Tilley D393. U2 Ungirt unblessed cl477 Caxton Curtesye 44.454-5: Ungerde, unblesside, servyng at the table, Me semeth hym servaunt full pendable. Apperson 659; Oxford 682; Tilley UIO.

cl300 South English Legendary I 18.50: Ну stikede on him so thicke so irchon doth of pile, II 513.47-8: As ful as an illespyl (var. erchoun) is of pikes al aboute As ful he stikede of arewen. cl400 Brut I 107.7-9: And made Archires to him schote with Arwes, til that his body stickede alse ful of Arwes as an hirchone is ful of prickes. cl433 Lydgate Sf. Edmund 410.762-3: Made him with arwis of ther malis most wikke Rassemble an yrchoun fulffllid with spynys thikke.

и з Unhardy is unseely (unlucky) cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4210: "Unhardy is unseely," thus men sayth. Apperson 120; Oxford U8 Usage (Wone, Use) makes (the) mastery 465; Skeat 189. See F519. ([a] master) 1340 Ayenbite 178[24-5]: Vor wone maketh U4 As fierce as a Unicorn maister. al387 Higden-Trevisa I 357[17-8]: al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 353.13023-4: And whan with wyn ful ys myn hom, I am ffers Among hem longe usage and evel custume hath as an unycom. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 158[28]: so longe i-dured, that it hath i-made the maistrie. cl400 Vices and Virtues 182.1: Use maketh Whan the wyne is entred in to myn hom, thanne maistre. 1415 Crowned King in W. W. Skeat i am as feers as unicom. ed. Vision of William concerning Piers the Plowman, Part III (EETS 54, 1873) 529.124: Of U5 Unknown unkissed cl385 Chaucer TC i 809: Unknowe, unkist, and all Artes under heven use is a maistre. al440 lost, that is unsought, с 1385 Usk 134.66-8: Who Burgh Cato 29.987-8: Use makithe maistrie; use that traveyleth unwist, and coveyteth thing konnyng therfore. Use helpethe art, and cure unknowe, unweting he shal be quyted, and with helpithe the witte. cl450 Ratìs 7.221-2: Fore unknowe thing rewarded. al393 Gower CA II nan may cum to his office But oyss that makis 143.467: For men sein unknowe unkest. 1402 thir masteris wys. 1484 Caxton Royal Book Daw Tapias 59[l-2]: On old Englis it is said, 06"·[16-7]: The usage maketh a mayster, 1487 Unkissid is unknowun. cl440 Charles of Orleans Book of Good Manners Fl''[7]: Usage maketh a 22.642: Let me not goon as oon unknowe maistre. 1546 Heywood D 62.20: Use maketh unbast. cl500 Greene Caroh 346.1: An old-said maistry, 1555 E 190.253, 1562 E 245.95.1. Apsawe, "Onknowen, onkyste." 1546 Heywood D person 509; Oxford 684; Smith 235; Tilley U24. 48.233: Unknowne unkyst, it is loste that is See C648, T182. unsought, 1555 E 169.133. Apperson 659; Jente 570; Oxford 683; Smith 311; Tilley U14. See U9 Usage perfects lore cl450 Cato (Sidney) 46.538: For usage schal L466. parfite ever thi lore. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 295: Practice. U6 Unminded unmoaned 1546 Heywood D 33.28: Unminded, unmoned. UIO Use and custom cause all things to be bold Apperson 659; Oxford 683; Tilley U16. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 2.58: For use and custome causeth all thing be bolde. U7 As thick as an Urchin's piles (spines) 617

ν VI To travail (swink, labor) in Vain (idle) clOOO Aelfric Lives I 294.167: Jjonne swince ge on idei, II 386.155: Ac he swuncon on idei. cl340 Rolle Psalter 447 (128.7): No man blessys thaim that traveyls in vayn. cl350 Smaller Vernon Collection 24.1000: And bad him travayle not in veyn. cl375 Barbour Bruce I 176.376. cl395 WBible Psalms cxxvi 1, Isaiah Ixv 23, Philippians il 16. al400 Pauline Epistles Philippians ii 16: For I hafe not . . . travelyd in voyde. cl400 Primer 26[25-6]. cl400 Sowdone 8.271: We laboure nowe alle in vayne. cl400 De Blasphemia in Wyclif SEW III 423[26]. al410 Love Mirrour 167[16-7]. cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife 168.793: laboure. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 26.14703: labours. cl425 Orcherd 114.7, 359.18. cl425 St. Elizabeth of Spalbek 116.20. 1447 Bokenham 22.785: Laboure, 36.1312: labouren, 51.1847-8: Labouryde, 66.2423, 72.2615: labouryst. al450 Gesta 72[17], 158[24], 277[16-7]: laborist. cl450 Alphabet II 296.23: labur, 340.12-3: labur. cl475 Henryson Fables 65.1854: laubour. cl477 Caxton Jason 188.31: laboured, 1480 Ovyde 79[14]: laboure, 185[27], 1483 Golden Legende 82''[1.23]: laboured, 19412.35-6]: laboured. 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Perendo 08''[20]: laboure. 1493 Seven Wise Masters 39[8-9]: laboure, 75[17]: laboure. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 24.98: labourede. 1495 Medytacyons of saynt Bemarde C4'"[25-6]: laboured. al500 Imitatione (1) 16.9-10: laborith. alSOO О glorius lady in Rolf Kaiser Medieval English (Berlin, 1961) 509.44: labures. clSOO Fabyan 206[17]. 1501 Chronicles of London 238[23]: labur is. 1502 Imitatione (2) 163.22-3: laboreth. 1509 Barclay Ship I 149[1]: laboreth. Tilley V5. See L l l , T442.

is the hil o-lofte. 1464 Hardyng 127[3-4]: But ever as next the valey is the hill. After long rest commeth sharpe labour. V3 As changing as a Vane cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 996: Chaungynge as a fane. al420 Lydgate Troy I 116.3509: The comoun peple chaungeth as a phane. Oxford 698. V4 As variable as a Vane 1506 Barclay Castell E4^[13-4]: Thus was my mynde as varyable As a fane stondynge in the wynde. V5 To follow as a Vane does the wind (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought together here) 1400 Mede and muche thank in Kail 8.57-8: I likne a gloser, in eche weder To folwe the wynd, as doth the fane. 1415 Crowned King in W. W. Skeat ed. Vision of William concerning Piers the Plouman, Part III (EETS 54, 1873) 528.111: For he that fareth as a faane, folowyng thy Wille. al449 Lydgate Fabula in MP II 505.574: With wynd forwhirlyd as is a muaunt ffane. cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 62.1688: And longe on hem that whirleth as the fane. al513 Dunbar Of the Warldis Instabilitie 31.95: That evermore flytis lyk ane phane. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 19[37]: And varying as fanes erect into the winde.

ve To tum like a Vane (in, with the wind) cl385 Usk 46.23: That stoundmele tumeth as a phane. cl408 Lydgate Reson 162.6180: They turne nat as doth a phane, al430 Pilgrimage 387.14324-5, al449 Testament in MP 1 344.400: Lyke a phane, ay turnyng to and fro. cl450 Idley 91.630: She tumeth every waye as fane in the wynde. cl475 Mankind 27.742: with the V2 Next the Valley is the hill cl385 Chaucer TC i 950: And next the valeye wynde. al500 Lay of Sorrow 718.129-30: Lycht 618

V23

619

Vessel

as a fayn, ay turnyt to and fro As stricht wynd V15 There is no Venom so perilous as when it gydith It to go. alSOO Lover and the Advocate has a likeness of treacle of Venus in Robbins 172.97: with the wynd. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 476.181-2: Ther cl500 Melusine 298.34-5: at al windes. Tilley is no venym so perilous of sharppnesse. As whan Vie. it hath of triade a liknesse. See E97. V7 Vanity is mother of all evils (ills) V16 To flee something like Venom (poison) cl440 Scrope Epistle 19[8]: Vanite is modyr oflF 1348 Rolle Form in Allen R. Rolle 117.32: And all evelles, welle off all vices. cl450 Epistle of flees it as venym. al400 PWyclif Of Dominion Othea 25.5-6: Vanyte is moder of all ylle, welle in EW 285[17]: Fledde lordschipe as venym. off all vyces. See P389. cl425 Orcherd 403.15: Sich oon fleeth his celle as he wolde fle venym. 1456 Hay Governaunce V8 Vanquishers ofttimes are vanquished 1471 Caxton Recuyell II 517.10-2: Ffor hit 109.2-3: Tharefore flee as poysone thaire happeth ofte tymes that the vaynquers ben venymous condicioim. Cf. Taylor and Whiting vaynquysshid of them that were vaynquysshid. 290: Poison 3. See B65, C157, F139, 533, S914, V32, W39.

V17 To hide like Venom in a clout cl450 Capgrave KathaHne 371.1005-6: The V9 The Variance of lovers is the renewing of sturdy herte in hym whiche was soo stoute, love Was hid with langage as venym in a cloute. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 39.36-7: The variaunce of lovers (sayth Terence) is the renuynge V18 To spew (spit) one's Venom (atter) of love. Amantium ire amoris redintegratio est. al200 Ancrene 47.15-6: The earre kimeth al Apperson 202; Jente 467; Oxford 189; Smith openliche and seith uvei bi an other, and speoweth ut his atter. cl390 Chaucer CT VI[C] 92; Tilley F40. See 8399, W697. 421-2: Thus spitte I out my venym under hewe VIO There may not go out of the Vat (vessel) Of hoolynesse. cl450 Myroure of oure Ladye but what is therein 205[2-3]: The enmy spued venym by a worde 1340 Ayenbite 203[33-4]: Vor ther ne may go of lesyng. 1546 Heywood D 36.47: She would oute of the vete: bote zuych ase ther is inne. spit her venym. Oxford 614-5; Tilley V28. See cl400 Vices and Virtues 225.17-8: For ther A237. may no thing out of a vessel but suche as is ther-ynne. V19 Venom and sugar (honey) al393 Cower CA III 24.2833-4: Whan venvm V U When the Veins are filled the body bemelleth with the Sucre And mariage is mad comes heavy for lucre. al500 English Conquest 115.1-2: Ever cl375 Barbour Bruce I 168-9.173-5: For quhen he shed Venym (var. attyr) undyr hony. See the vanys fllit ar. The body vorthis hevy evirC177, G12, H433, 440, P289, S871. mar; And to siepe drawis hevynes. Whiting Scots 11 148. See B242, M477, T257. V20 Venom fordoes (destroys) venom cl378 Piers В xviii 152: For venym for-doth V12 When Veins are replete the spirits will stir venym. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 423.10851-2: cl400 Beryn 7-8.196-9: But then, as nature For one venyme oftentymes dystroyeth an other axith, (as these old wise Knowen wele,) when venym. Skeat 117; Tilley P457. See N6. veynys been som-what replete, The spiritis wol stere, and also metis swete Causen offt(e) V21 Venom (Poison) is the doing (condition) of women myrthis for to be 1-mevid. See B243, M469. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 359[9-ll]: Yif thou V13 As soft as (any) Velvet hast ordeyned venym, that is the doynge of al400 PChaucer Rom. A 1419-20: Sprang up the Wommen and nought of knyghtes. cl420 Wyngrass, as thicke yset And softe as any velvet. toun IV 331.78-80: Or gif thou walde put me al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 386.80: to dede Withe wenum, or withe scharpe poysAnd softe as velvet the yonge gras, al420 Troy son, That is a wiffls condiscion. Whiting Scots I 215.2450. Taylor and Whiting 391; Whiting II 112. JVC 491. V22 As clear as Verre (glass) V14 For each Venom treacle is made al422 Lydgate Life 501.1018: In a closet more al420 Lydgate Troy III 673.3704-5: For eche clere than verre. venym maked is triade. And every wo hath his V23 A leaking Vessel holds nothing remedie. Cf. Tilley R70, S84.

Vessel

620

cl450 Cornati and Teiching 76.381-2: As lekand weschell haldis no-thinge. Sa opin tung has na traistinge.

V24 cl475 Wisdom 61.769: Wer vycis be gederyde, ever ys sum myschance.

V32 A Victor is oft overcome by a vict (one V24 Vessels of tree (wood) do service as well as vanquished) those of gold al400 DestrucHon of Troy 71.2144-5: Ffor ofte sith hit is sene, and in sere londes, That a cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 99-102: For wel ye victor of a viete is vile overcomyn. See V8. knowe, a lord in his houshold. He nath nat every vessel al of gold; Somme been of tree, and doon hir lord servyse. God clepeth folk V33 The Victory of word is no victory aI460 Diets (Helmingham) 279.29-30: The to hym in sondry wyse. cl395 WBible II Timovictorye of worde is no victorye, but the verrey thy il 20: But in a greet hous ben not oneli vessels of gold and of silver, but also of tree and victorye is in dedes. See W642. of erthe; and so summen ben in to onour, and V34 He that intends Villainy, it is no sin to summe in to dispit. al400 Pauline Epistles II quite him with the same Timothy ii 20. See S330. al450 Generydes В 144.4528-9: He that entendith villany of shame. It is no synne to quyte V25 A void Vessel makes a (great) sound cI425 Orcherd 126.24-5: Thou woost wel that a hym with the same. See B213, F52, 491, G487.

voyde vessel yeveth a sown whanne it is touchid; V35 Villainy makes villein whanne it is ful it dooth not so. al430 Lydgate al400 Romaunt В 2181-2: For vilanye makith Pilgrimage 428.15933-7: A voyde vessel, pype, or vilayn. And by his dedis a cherl is seyn. See tonne, Whan the lycour ys out Ronne, Who smyt C258. ther-on up or doun, Yt maketh outward a gret V36 A Villein's sinful deeds make a churl soun, Mor than to-fom, whan yt was ful. Apperson 182; Oxford 171; Taylor and Whiting cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1158: For vileyns synful dedes make a cherl. MED dede 7. 391; Tilley V36. See T520. V37 A Villein's subject, a boy's wife and a V26 Not give a Vetch child's bird are hard bestead al350 Seege of Troye 125.1580: I wyl not gyffe a fecche for hem alle. cl400 Laud Troy I cl523 Barclay Mirrour 67[36-8]: Amonge olde parables this often have I read, A vilayns sub60.2027: He seyde, he nolde yeve a fecche. ject, a jelous boyes wife. And a childes birde V27 Not worth two Vetches (a vetch) are wo and harde bested. See C206, 261. cI385 Chaucer TC iii 936: This seyd by hem V38 To praise the Vine before one tastes of the that ben nought worth two fecches. al400 Laud Troy I 221.7478: I holde the not worth a fecche. grape 1549 Heywood D 39.133: Ye praise the vyne, V28 Vetches are menged (mixed) vdth noble before ye tast of the grape. Apperson 510; Oxseed ford 515; Tilley W493. cl475 Henryson Fables 16.367-9: As fitchis myngit ar with nobili seid, Swa interminglit is V39 As swift as any Vire (crossbow bolt) cl500 Larwelot 32.1091: Goith to о knycht, als adversitie With eirdlie joy. See J59. swift as ony vyre, 97.3288. 1513 Douglas Aeneid V29 Every Vice applies (joins) to other II 225.16: The virgyn sprent on swyftly as a al439 Lydgate Fa I III 794.694-5: As every vice vyre. to othir doth applie,—Surfet and riot brouht in V40 To flee like a Vire lecherie. Cf. Whiting Scots II 148. al393 Gower CA II 134.150-2: And as a fyre V30 To hate the Vice (ill) and not the persons Which fleth out of a myhti bowe, Aweie he 1533 More Apologye 190[16-7]: I hate that vyce fledde. of theyrs and not theyr persones. 1556 Heywood Spider 440[22-4]: And such as be ill: yet maie V41 The first Virtue is to keep the tongue we not hate: The persons, but the ill in the (varied) persons seene. This learned I of a preacher that cl385 Chaucer TC iii 292-4: For which thise preached late. Oxford 282; Smith 273; Tilley wise Clerkes that ben dede Han evere yet proverbed to us yonge. That "flrste vertu is to P238. kepe tonge." cl390 Cato (Vernon) 563.121-2: V31 Where Vices are gathered there is ever Kep thi tonge skilfulliche: The furste vertu some mischance forsothe hit is. cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 332-4:

y 50

621

The firste vertu, sone, if thou wolt leere, Is to restreyne and каре wel thy tonge; Thus leme children whan that they been yonge. al400 Cato (Copenhagen) A2''[9-10]: The ferste vertu, my swete sone dere. That is to daunte thy tonge and stere. al400 Romaunt С 7505-9: Sir, the firste vertu, certayn. The greatest and moste soverayn That may be founde in any man. For havynge, or for wyt he can. That is his tonge to refrayne. 1422 Yonge Governaunce 188.19-23: Caton Sayth, . . . "Trow thou the Pryncipal vertue to refrayne thy tonge, For he is negh to god that can be still by reyson." c l 4 2 5 Ardeme Fistula 8.24-6: For Caton seith, "Virtutem primum puta esse compescere linguam": The first vertu trow you to be to refreyne the tong. al440 Burgh Cato 305.65-6: The first of vertuys alle Is to be stille and keep thi tonge in mewe. al449 Lydgate God in MP I 30.93-5, Say the Best in MP II 797-8.92-5: Caton writith that good tung Of vertuous hath the first price. No man may stop whan thei be rong, Theis belles as in my devyce. See Myche in MP II 800.6-7, Wicked Tunge in MP II 844.129-31: The first vertu most plesyng to Jh(es)u Be the writyng and sentence of Catoun Is a good tonge, yn his oppynyoun. al450 Myne awen dere 160.347-8: Kepe wele thy tonge, whare-evere thou dwell: Of all vertues it is the well, 161.370: Kepe wele thy tonge, whare-evere thou ga. el450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.43-5: And yf thou wylte be owt of sorow and care, Hyt ys to kepe and Refrayne thi tonge, For this lemyth Chyldren when they be yonge. al475 Ashby Dicta 86.960-1. al500 Quare 206.401-2. Apperson 571; Oxford 439; Smith 258.

Visage and Whiting 392; Tilley V73; Whiting Drama 37, 40, 159, 266, Scots II 148.

V44 Virtue has no peer 1501 Douglas Palice 75.6: Remember than that vertew hes na peir. Cf. Smith 317; Tilley V78, 85. V45 Virtue is in the midst (midward, middle) c l 4 0 0 Mandeville Travels 1.22-3: Virtus rerum in medio consistit, that is to seye: the vertue of thinges is in the myddes. 1456 Hay Knychthede 62.34-5: Vertu is ay in the mydwarde. 1484 Caxton Ordre of Chyvalry 56.16-57.1: Vertue and mesure abyde in the myddel of two extremytees. Tilley V80. See M443, 455. V46 Virtue is oft hid under low degree cl395 Chaucer CT 1V[E] 425-7: And for he saugh that under low degree Was ofte vertu hid, the peple hym heelde A prudent man, and that is seyn ful seelde. See H3.

V47 Virtue (Thing) is stronger if it be gathered together (varied) cl384 Wyclif Church and her Members in S£W III 34Ц22-5]: For as о virtu is strengere if it be gedrid, than if it be scatrid, so о malis is strenger whanne it be gederid in о persone, and it is of lesse strengthe whanne it is departid in manye. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1967-9: What is a ferthyng worth parted in twelve? Lo, ech thyng that is oned in himselve Is moore strong than whan it is toscatered. al439 Lydgate Fall II 623.1386: For thyng dissevered is menusid of his strengthe. 1484 Caxton Aesop 109[17-8]: For vertue whiche is unyed is better than vertue separate. 1521 Fisher Sermon . . . agayn . . . luuther in English Works 324.8-10: V42 One may leam Virtue of prudent folk Quia omnis virtus unita fortior est, that is to al449 Lydgate Vertu in MP II 835.7-8: Byfom say. For every vertue that is gadred togyder is our dayes this proverbe provid was,—Of prudent more stronger. Cf. O φ r d 683; Smith 310; Tayfolk men may vertu leere. lor and Whiting 390; Tilley U l i . See H90, R55, V43 To make (a) Virtue of necessity (a need) T241. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 3041-2: Thanne is it wysdom, as it thynketh me. To maken vertu of V48 Virtue must have meed necessitee, TC iv 1586-7: Thus maketh vertu of al400 Proverbia of Wysdom (II) 222.40: Vertue necessite By pacience, c l 3 9 5 CT V[F] 593: That must have mede. 1 made vertu of necessitee. c l 4 1 2 Hoccleve V49 Who sues ( follows) Virtue shall lere (leam) Regement 46.1252. al420 Lydgate Troy I virtue 157.464. 1447 Bokenham 31.1125-6. c l 4 5 0 Capgrave Lives 86.19-20: So of nede thei mad al449 Lydgate Vertu in MP II 835-8.16: W(h)o sueth vertu, vertu he shal leere, 24, 32, etc. vertue. cI450 Trevet 169.14-5 (f.35a, col. 1): He made of necessyte wyll. cl475 Henryson V50 Maugre one's Visage Testament 121.478: I counsall the т а к vertew c l 4 4 0 Charles of Orleans 89.2648: Maugre my of ane neid. 1534 More Comforte 1148 F[l-2], visage. el440 Lydgate Debate in MP II 557.431: 1228 Н[5-6]. al550 Heywood BS 260.49, 1556 To mete our e(n)myes magre ther visage. al470 Spider 34[13]. Apperson 663; Oxford 688; Taylor Malory III 1189.3.

Vizor

622

V51

V51 A well favored Vizor on an ill favored face V54 The Voice of the people is the voice of God 1546 Heywood D 59.24-6: Many men wishte, cl412 Hoccleve Regement 104.2886: Ffor peples for beautiiyng that bryde, Hir waiste to be vois is goddes voys, men seyne (Margin: Vox populi vox dei). al419 Letter in MLR 22(1927) gyrde in, and for a boone grace, Some well favourd vysor, on hir yll favourd face. Tilley 75[9]: Vox populi vox dei. al450 Audelay 12 (between 65 and 66): Vox populi vox Dei. cl450 V92. Bishop Boothe in Wright Political Poems II V52 The common Voice may not lie 227[25]: The voyse of the pepille is clepede al393 Gower CA II 8.124: The común vois, vox Dei. cI475 Political Retrospect in Wright which mai noght lie. See M309. Political Poems II 270[15]: The voyx of the peuple, the voix of Jhesu. Apperson 664; S. A. V53 The Voice accords to the thought cl340 Rolle Psalter 252 (70.25): In the whilke Gallacher in PQ 24(1945) 12-9; Oxford 688; the voice acordis til the thoght. See T383. Taylor and Whiting 392; Tilley V95.

w W1 To be worthy one's Wage al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 18.6243: Thei sayd he was well worthy his wage.

cl450 Idley 192.2034: Ffor somme tyme a grete wayne a man may overcharge. See B422, C16, 52, S249, T118.

W2 To have more Wages than one craves (i.e., W7 A Wain may (carry) no more than the fother (load) to be defeated) al475 Gui/2 289.10057-8: For of the they schall cl450 Rylands MS.394 103.13: Wayne may no mor than the fouther. Justo plus onere plaustrum have More wageys then they wyll crave. non debet habere. Walther II 664.13311. W3 To pay one his Wages cl421 Lydgate Thebes 166.4039-40: And thus W8 From Wainfleet (Lincolnshire) to Wales 1523 Skelton Garlande I 410.1218: Fynde no the devel for his old outrages, Lich his decert, paied hym his wages. cl422 Hoccleve Jereslaus's mo suche from Wanflete to Walis. Wife 165.725-6: God qwyte yow wole and your W9 The Walking-staff has caught warmth in wages paye In swich(e) wyse that it yow shal affraye. al470 Malory 1311.6-7: Ryght sone shall your hand 1546 Heywood D 38.96: The walkyng staffe mete the a knyght that shall pay the all thy wagys. alSOO Partenay 84.2316-7: Iff Any hath caught warmth in your hand. Apperson demage don have in contre. Off ther wages 665; Tilley W l l . thay truly payed be. cl500 Melusine 247.33-4: WIG As close as any Wall (etc.) (A number of And doubte you not but I shal pay them wel single quotations are brought together here) theire wages. See H393. al420 Lydgate Troy III 631.2298: Al-be thei kepte hem clos as any wal, 842.2436: And he, W4 Wagging (Turning) of a straw (rush) ful sobre, stood stille as a wal, a1439 Fall II с 1385 Chaucer TC ii 1744-5: In titeryng, and 671.3081: He stood ay stable, upriht as a wall. pursuyte, and delayes. The folk devyne at al500 Thre Prestís 52.1249: Suppose thay be als waggyng of a stree. al393 Cower CA II 228.83-6: wicht (strong) as ony wall. The more I am redy to wraththe. That for . . . the tominge of a stree I wode. cl516 Skelton Mag- W l l As constant as a Wall nificence 32.1015: Somtyme I laughe at wag- cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1047: And she ay . . . gynge of a straw. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria constant as a wal. 1420 Lydgate Tempie 48.1153: 98.22-3: Suche cowardes . . . be aferde of every Feithful in hert and constant as a walle, al422 waggynge of a strawe. 1525 Berners Froissart Life 417.1509. Whiting Scots II 149. IV Зе0[11-2]: Were redy for waggyng of a rysshe to make debate and stryfe. Apperson W12 As pale as any Wall 1513 Douglas Aeneid II 182.56: Hir vissage 665; Oxford 689; Tilley W5. wolx als pail as ony wall. Whiting Scots II 149. W5 As buxom (pliable) as a Waile (?willow) W13 As sad (firm) as a Wall Cisco King Hart 112.7: Thocht I be quhylum cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1047: And she ay sad bowsum as ane waile. . . . as a wal. cl395 WBible Judith ν 12: The watris weren maad sad as wallis. w e A great Wain may be overcharged 623

Wall

W14

624

W14 As stable as a Wall al300 Alisaunder 131.2324: He bilaved so a al400 Wyclif Sermons II 259[l-2]: The passing walle. See W25. thourgh the Reed see and stondinge stable as a W23 To hold like a Wall walle. cl433 Lydgate St. Edmund 380.211: al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 163.4657: Als a Stable, as a wal, of herte in thi constaunce, wal the scheltrom held. 420.390: Stable as a wal he stood in his degre. W24 To remove no more than a strong Wail W15 As steadfast as a Wall al533 Berners Huon 186.30-1: He removed no al400 Romaunt В 5250: And founde hym stedemore for the stroke then it had ben a strong fast as a wall. cl408 Lydgate Reson 162.6184: walle. See M564, 726, R161, 8792. But stedfaster than ys a wal, al420 Troy III 836.2227, al439 Fall II 604.701, 1439 Si. Albon W25 To stand like a Wall 129.91. c l l 7 5 Lambeth Homilies 141[6-8]: The see . . . ther stod a rieht halve and a luft, alse an castel W16 As stiff as any Wall wal. cl300 South English Legendary I 197.498: al420 Lydgate Troy II 441.1634: But on his The lye of the vur stod up anhey as it a wal wer. stede, stif as any wal. Whiting Scots II 149. al325 Cursor III 1482.26022: That stud bi-tuix us als a wal. al325 X V Signa in Heuser 104. W17 As strong as a Wall al420 Lydgate Troy II 434.1389: He was so 117-8: Al the see sal draw ifere. As a walle strong . . . as a wal. al513 Dunbar No Tressour to stond upright. c l 3 9 0 Castel of Love 403. 149.39: Strang as ony wall, Tabill 165.73: Nocht 1525-6: The furst day the see up ryse shall And stonden on hye as a wall. c l 3 9 0 Corpus Christi being strong as wall. Whiting Scots II 149. in Vemon I 169.25: The see stod up-riht as a W I S As sturdy as a Wall wal. c l 4 0 0 Alexander Buik IV 404.9951-2: And al420 Lydgate Troy I 133.4084: Duke Nestor Stüde on ilk syde as ane wall Quhill his men firste, sturdy as a wal, 352.7270, II 434.1389, passed all. al415 Mirk Festtal 2.31: Stondyng III 644.2733. styll yn her styd, as hit wer a wall. al420 Lydgate Troy III 680.3946: For Grekis stood as W19 One can (go) no further than the Wall a sturdy wal. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 1478 Paston V 314[27-8]: I can no ferther then 55.1841: The watur stud upe ose a walle. al450 the walla. 1528 More Heresyes 187 D[14-6]: South English Legendary (Bodley) 310.168. I am in this matter even at the harde wall, and al450 York Plays 90.379-80: On aythir syde the se not how to go further. 1546 Heywood D see sail stände, Tille we be wente, right as a 75.178-9: That deede without woords shall drive wall. cl450 Myroure of owe Ladye 35.26: The him to the wall. And further than the wall he water stode up as a walle. cl458 Knyghthode can not go, 1555 E 169.129. Apperson 241; Ox- and Bataile 66.1815-6: These as a wal to make ford 231; Tilley W12. resistence Ay stille stode, 67.1824: For these W20 Spurn (Winch [kick]) (not) against the stille abide as doth a wal. а14в0 Towneley Plays 76.390-1. Whiting Drama 331:350. See Wall с1475 Henryson Testament 121.475-6: Quhy S793, W22. spumis thow aganis the Wall, To sia thy self, and mend nathing at all? АЪЪау Walk 195.30: W26 To take no more heed than the Wall Spurn nocht thy fute aganis the wall. 1546 Hey- al393 Gower CA III 431.1672-3: Bot he nomore wood Ό 72.87-9: Foly it is . . . to winche or than the wal Ток hiede of eny thing he herde. kicke Against the hard wall, 1555 E 191.254: See T519. Folly to spume or куске ageynst the harde wall, 1556 Spider 363[5]: I se what it is : to spume W27 The Walls make not the strong castle against the wall. Whiting Scots II 149. See 1489 Caxton Fayttes 143.14-6: For as a proverbe C553, P377. saith, The walles maken not the stronge castelles, but the deffense of good folke maketh hit imW21 To be driven to the Wall prenable. Oxford 419; Tilley M555. See C70, 1529 More SuppUcacion 319 E[10-l]: Drieven T436. up to the harde walle, 1533 Confutación 530 A[4-5]: He is drieven to the harde walle. 1546 W28 Not a Walsh-nut (walnut) the wiser Heywood D 75.178: That deede without woords c l 4 0 5 Mum 37.349: But I was not the wiser by shall drive him to the wall. Tilley W15. a Walsh note.

W22

To beleave {stand fast) as a Wall

W29

As wise as Waltham's calf

W40

625

c l 5 2 2 Skelton Colyn I 342.811: As wyse as Waltoms calfe. 1546 Heywood D 65.14: And thinke me as wise as Walthams calfe. Apperson 696; Oxford 717; Tilley W22. See C8.

Wor c l 4 5 0 Ponthus 130.1-2: And harde is the werre, wher as noon escapes. 1546 Heywood D 54.434: A hard foughten feeld, where no man skapth unkyld. Apperson 285; Oxford 278; Tilley F207.

W30 As pliant as a Wand W39 In War some win and some lose (varied) al420 Lydgate Troy I 215.2472: His slepy yerde, al300 Alisaunder 93-5.1657-8: Men mote bothe plyaunt as a wonde. Wynne and lese—Chaunce ne lete(th) noman chese. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 225. W31 As small as Wands 6399-400: Hit ys ther chaunce that werre al508 Dunbar Goldyn Targe 114.63: And mydlis bygynne, Umwhile to lese, umwhile to wynne, small as wandis. Tilley W23; Whiting Scots II 335.9583-4: Hit ys custume that werre bygynne. 149. Somme to lese, and somme to wynne. cl375 W32 As weak as the (any, a) Wand Barbour Bruce I 312-3.373-4: For in punyeis a1400 Seven Penitential Psalms in Wheatley (combats) is oft hapnyne Quhill for to vyne, and MS. 28.212: I wexe weyk as is the wonde. al450 quhill to tyne. c l 4 0 0 Alexander Buik II 244. York Plays 138.17: 1 waxe wayke as any wande. 4877-8: It fallis in weir quhilis to tyne. And c l 4 7 5 Henryson Ressoning 179.13: ony. al513 for to wyn ane uthir syne. c l 4 0 0 Gower Peace Dunbar To The Quene 60.22: Ar nou maid III 489.290: The fortune of the werre is evere waek lyk willing wandis. Whiting Scots II 149. unknowe. al420 Lydgate Troy I 180.1245-6: And werre also stant in aventure. For ay of W33 As writhing (bending) as a Wand Marte dotous is the Ewre, 202.1995-6: By the c l 3 0 0 Body and Soul 49 L 359: That ay was chaunge and the variance Of werre and strif, writhinde as a wond. that ever is in balance. cl420 Wyntoun VI 117.5329-30: And qwhilis tuk, and qwhilis war W34 To bow like a Wand cI450 Idley 95.866: Be stronge in herte, bow tane; For ure of were is noucht ay ane. al439 not as a wande. Lydgate Fall II 597.441: Ther losse, ther wynnyng callid fortune of werre. al450 Generydes W35 Writhe (twist) the Wand while it is green В 95.2989: This day was therys, A nother shalbe 1464 Hardyng 181[17]: Wherfore writhe nowe ourez. cl450 Merlin I 184[27-8]: And some tyme (the wand while it) is grane. Oxford 653; Tilley he wan, and many tymes he loste, as is the W27; Whiting Scots II 149. See O i l , P251, Y4. fortune of werre, 188[19-20]. 1469 Plumpton Correspondence lxxiv[25]: The event of war is W36 In the (wild) Waniand (wanion [waning dubious (modernized spellings). 1471 Caxton moon]) Recuyell I 162.15-7: Warre gyveth this day al352 Minot 31.25: It was in the waniand that victorie to ООП and on the morn taketh hit thai furth went, 33.6: It was in the waniand away and gyveth hit to a nother And so putteth that thai come thare. al450 York Plays 36.45: 11.22-5: Knowyng Whythir now in wilde waneand, 124.37: In the eche out, 1490 Eneydos to-fore that the advenements and adversitees wanyand, 319.389: Nowe walkis on in the wanyand, 336.485: Furth in the wylde wanyand of warre be doubtous, and under the honde of be walkand. al460 Towneley Plays 15.226: In fortune, the whiche, after his mutabylite, the wenyand wist ye now at last, 129.405: gyveth vyctorye. cl500 King Hart 111.4: For Now walk in the Wenyand, 227.748, 290.339: armes hes both happie tyme and chance. 1523 Whistyll ye in the wenyande! 310.144. 1519 Berners Froissart II 265[14-6]: Some day wanne Horman Vulgaria 413[3]: Pycke the hens in the and some day loste, as the adventures of warre wanyon. Apage te in malam rem. NED Wani- often tymes falleth, nowe up, nowe downe, 1525 and, Wanion; Whiting Drama 369:939. See C557. IV 302[13-4]: So it goth by the warre. Tilley C223; Whiting Drama 39, 271, 284, 291, FroisW37 After War peace is good (varied) sart 308:227, Scots II 149-50. See B65, F139, al338 Mannyng Chronicle A 1 406.11595-8: 533, V8, 32, W183. After werre, god ys pes; And after wo, the wele W40 Many cry "War! war!" who wot little to god ches; In pes ys don gret vasselage; Fior love what war amounts men doth gret outrage. al450 Generydes В c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 1038[В2228]: Ther is 29.898: After this werr . . . god send us pece. ful many a man that crieth "Werrel werrel" Whiting Drama 268. See B67, P67, S69. that woot ful litel what werre amounteth. Cf. W38 Hard is the War where none escape (varied) Tilley W56, 57. See R156.

War

626

W41

W 4 1 War at the beginning has a great entering refrain. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 63.1789: Wo is (entry) him can not bewar in tyme. alSOO Proverbs of Salamon 179.18.1-2: That folowyth counseyle c l 3 9 0 Chaucer CT VII 1039-40[В2229-30]: of hys frende He may be war or hym be woo. Werre at his bigynnyng hath so greet an entryng al500 Who so offwelth in Dyboski 139.8: He ys and so large, that every wight may entre whan hym liketh, and lightly fynde werre; but certes wyse that ys ware or he harm fele. cl500 King Hart 110.1. 1506 Kalender 66.14-5: But well what ende that shal therof bifalle, it is nat were he that ware so wyse. That coude be ware light to knowe. aI533 Berners Huon 312.21-3: or he be wo, 66.24. Tilley T291, W196; Whiting I have herd often tymes sayd that the entre Scots II 142, 150. See W145, 389. into warre is large but the issuynge out ther of is very strayte. See E131. W46 It is good to be Ware afore al450 Partonope 125.3646: Hytt ys gode afore W42 War is dreadful, virtuous peace is good to be warys. See W44, 392. al449 Lydgate Praise of Peace in MP II 791. 169-70: Al werre is dreedful, vertuous pees is W47 Who will not be Ware by other men, by good, StrifiF is hatful, pees douhtir of plesaunce. him shall other men be corrected (varied) See P68. c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT III[D] 180-3: Whoso that W43 Be Ware and wise cl450 Foly of Fulys 65.476: Be war and wyss. W44 Be Ware betime al500 How the Wyse Man 29.41: sone, be war be tyme. See W46.

Therfore,

nyl be war by othere men, By hym shul othere men corrected be. The same wordes writeth Ptholomee; Rede in his Almageste, and take it there. al439 Lydgate Fall I 202.99-100: Who is nat war bi othres chastisyng, Othre bi hym shal chastised be. c l 4 5 0 Capgrave Katharine 149-51.1155-65: Ffor thus he wryteth, the Astronomer tholome: "Ho-so wil not doo as his neybour(s) werke. Ne wil not be war be hem whan thei doo amys. Of hym shul othere men bothe carpe and berke, And sey, beholde this man, loo he it is—Whether he doo weal or wheder he doo other-wys, He wyl non example of other men 1-take, Exaumple to other men he shal be for that sake. Alle othere men shul be war by hym, Ffor thei shul see and fele in hemselve That his werkys were bothe deerke and dym." Skeat 263. See C161, E197, F116, 449, L247, M170, 581, S428, W391.

W45 Be Ware ere you be woe (wreak) 1381 John the Miller in Charles Mackay Collection of Songs and Ballads (PS 4[1841]) 2[3-5]: Beware or be ye wo I Know your friend from your foe, Haveth ynough and saith hoel al393 Gower CA II 65.1073-6:1 finde a gret experience, Wherof to take an evidence Good is, and to be war also Of the peril, er him be wo. al400 Harley MS. 116 in Greene Carols p. 420: He ys wyse that can be ware er he be wo; He ys wyse that can do well and say also; He ys wyse that can ber yeve betwene frend and foo; He ys wys that hath inoghth and can say "Hoo"; He ys wyse that (hath) on wyffe and wol no moo. al400 W48 To sit Warm Harley MS.2316 in Rei. Ant. II 120[33-6]: He is c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC iii 1630: Be naught to rakel, wys that kan be war or him be wo; He is w^s theigh thow sitte warme. c l 4 5 0 How the Wyse that lovet his frend and ek his fo; He is wys Man 40.113-4: And, sonne, if thou be weel at that havet i-now and kan seyn, "hoi" He is wys eese And warme amonge thi neighboris sitte. that kan don wel, and doeth al so. al400 Hereford Cath. MS. О iv 14 in Brown Register I W49 He that is Warned before is not beguiled 446: Нее is wys that is ware here hym be wo; (varied) Нее is wys that con say wel and deth also; c l 2 5 0 Owl 104.1223-6: For Alfred seide a wis Нее is wys that hath ynowgh and kon say hoo. word. Euch mon hit schulde legge on hord: al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.62: And be "Yef thu isihst (er) he beo icume. His str(e)ncthe ware, ore thou be wreke. al400 Siege of is him wel neh binume." al393 Gower CA III Jerusalem 64.1103-4: For he is wise, that is 297.2344-5: For him thar noght be reson pleigne. war, or hym wo hape. And with falsede a-fer That warned is er him be wo. c l 4 2 5 Arderne is fairest to dele. 1418 Man, be warre in Kail Fistula 22.15: For he that is warned afore is 60-4.8: Eche man be war, er hym be wo, 16, noght bygiled, 30.8-9. cl450 Epistle of Othea 24, etc. al450 Audelay 11.42-3: He has wysdam 134.17: He never is disceyved that warned is and wyt, I tel yow trewly, That can be ware befóme. al471 Ashby Policy 37.770: He that or he be wo, 140.218: In wele be ware or thou is warned is not deceived, a1475 Tume up hur be wo, 182.1. c l 4 5 0 Greene Carols 338.3, 355 halter in Rei. Ant. 1 76[44]: If a man be wamyd

W61

627

Wafer

he ys wele at ese. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 III 434[10]: They stode styll kepynge watche and 120.33: He that ys fore-wamyd ys not be-geUde. warde. NED Watch sb. 7. al500 Egerton MS.1995 in Robbins-Cutler W58 As mickle as Water in the sea (varied) 1152.5: He that is befor tyme warned, Litill or cl300 Havelok 78.2341-3: And of wyn, that men nowght is hurte or harmyd. al500 Hill 128.15: far fetes, Riht al so mikel and gret plenté So He that is warned beffore, is not begiled, 132.52: it were water of the se. al500 Stations 360. He that is warned ys half armed. alSOO Medwall 359-64: There is more pardone, I telle the. Than Nature FS^ß-S]: I am glad ye warn me thus in is all the water in the se Or gresse or gravell seson, 1 shalbe the better ware. cl523 Barclay onne the ground. Or sterrys be in the sky so Mirrour 26[36]: One threatned (as is saide) hälfe rounde Or motys be in the sone. Sen the werld armed is and sure. 1546 Heywood D 80.73: was fyrst begone. See D409. Hälfe wamd hälfe armde. Apperson 230, 279; Oxford 220; Taylor and Whiting 144; Tilley H W59 As unstable as (the) Water 54. See M i l l , 305, 338, S845. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 42[33-4]: So pride of worldly goodis, that ben unstable as the watir, W50 As angry as a Wasp 53[7], 92[19]: Thei weren unstable as water, cl500 Wife Lapped 194.340: And as angry y wis II 10[22-3]: This Emperour . . . was unstable as as ever was waspe. al529 Skelton Elynour I watir. Oxford 683; Tilley W86. See SI07. 105.330: Angry as a waspy. 1546 Heywood D 42.28: Angry as a waspe. Apperson 668; Oxford W60 As Water quenches fire so alms quenches 11; Tilley W76. sin (varied) clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 106[5-7]: Seo aslmysse W51 As woe as a Wasp ure synna lig adwaescte, swa swa hit awriten is, cl420 Wyntoun V 345.2659-60: Fra he herde "Swa swa w®ter adwaescS fyr, swa adwasscS seo his men slayne swa. Was never in warlde a aelmysse synna." clOOO Dominica Prima in R. waspe {vars. wyf, wy) sa wa. Morris Old English Homilies, First Series (EETS 34, 1868) 37-9: For }за boc seiS, Sicut aqua W52 As wroth as a Wasp al400 Alexander С 32.738: As wrath as (a) extinguit ignem, ita et elemosina extinguit peccatum. Al swa (jet water acwencheS {jet fur, waspe. Apperson 668; Oxford 11. swa {)e elmesse acwencheö |>а sunne. clOOO W53 To sting like a Wasp Larspell in Napier 238.3-6: ForÖan hit is geraed cl516 Skelton Magnificence 24.730: I stynge and gecweden on halgum bocum, Saet, swa swa lyke a waspe. waeter adwsesceÖ fyr, swa adwaesceS seo aelmesse W54 He that of Waste takes no heed shall want 1за synne. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 227. 7079-80: Almes fordoth alle wykkednes. And when he has need al500 Hunterian Mus. MS.230 175: He that of quenchyth synne. cl395 WBible Ecclesiasticus wast takys no hede. He schall wante whenne iii 33: Watir quenchith fier brennynge, and almes ayenstondith synnes. 1483 Caxton Golden he hasse nede. Taylor and Whiting 394. Legende 89*[ 1.34-6]: And almesse quenchyth W55 Not (a)vail a Wastel (loaf of bread) synne as the water quencheth the fyre. al500 cl400 Laud Troy II 406.13796: But that vayled Thre Prestís 54.1319-20: For as thow seis watter hem not a wastel. cl450 Idley 96.885: All vaileth dois slokkin fyre. Sa do I, Almos deid, the Judges not worth a wastell. ire. Cisco PBradshaw Radegunde 10[16-7]: Suche frayle concupiscence of love entyre Soone W56 To bear Wat's pack seased as water quencheth the fyre. 1513 Bradcl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 99.1154: For, shaw Sf. Werburge 73.1923-5: The naturall be my feyth, thou (a fat man) beryst wattes mocyon of his lascyvyte Was shortly slaked . . . pakke. al500 Remedie of Love СССХХ1Г[2.22]: By myracle, as water quencheth the fyre. 1533 But wattes packe we bare all by and by (are More Confutación 529 H[7-9]: As the water deceived). Whiting Scots II 150. quencheth fyre, so doth almes dede avoyde sinne, 667 А[8-10]. Apperson 9; Whiting Drama W57 Watch (Ward) and ward (watch) al393 Gower CA III 8.2240-2: Thei gredily Ne 331:353. See 019. maken thanne warde and wacche, Wher thei the profit mihten cacche. 1471 Caxton Recuyell W61 As weary as Water in wore (Psandy shore) I 94.1-2: Ye do kepe yow wyth good wacche (etc.) (A number of single quotations are brought and warde. cl500 Lady Bessy 13[15]: Bid him together here) lay away watch and ward. 1 5 ^ Berners Froissart al325 Alysoun 139.30: Wery so water in wore.

Water

628

al387 Higden-Trevisa I 123[8]: Cleer as water. cl390 Mary and the Cross 618.224: Softer then watur under serk, 227-9. cl395 WBible Joshua vii 5: And the herte of the puple dredde, and was maad unstidefast at the licnesse of watir. al400 Wyclif Sermons II 139[15-6]: For wymmen ben freel as water, and taken souner printe of bileve. cl400 Túndale 61.1049-50: Some of hem thai made as nesche (soft). As is the water, that is fresche. W62 As welcome as Water into the ship 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 88.18: He is as welcome to many of us as water into the shyppe. Apperson 669; Ch^ord 695; Tilley W89.

W62 is most deope, The lasse ther then steres he. al400 Cato (Copenhagen) B4''[7-8]: Ffor ful smothe watyr sumtyme is depe, And evyl to passe, who so wyl take kepe. al400 Cato (Fairfax) in Cursor III 1672.238-9: Ther the flode is deppist The water standis stillist. al410 Lydgate Churl in MP II 476.184: Smothe watres beth oft-sithis deepe, al439 Fall II 544.2586-7: In cristal watres that calm and smothe bee Am pereillous pettis of decepcioun. al440 Burgh Cato 30.1050: In floodis stille is watir deep and hihe. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 325.6784-5: In depe stylle waters the pilote feareth more than in the greate hye wawes. Apperson 602-3; Oxford 621; Taylor and Whiting 394; Tilley W123. See SI 14, W63.

W63 Beheve not still standing Water 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 1Ц19-20]: The W71 Stolen Waters (drink) are (is) sweeter stylle standyng watyr and the man that spekyth al382 WBible Proverbs ix 17: Stoln watris ben but lytyll beleve thaym not. Oxford 43: Beware; swettere, and hid bred more swete. al500 Tilley M78. See W70. Remedie of Love СССХХ11Г[2.22-8]: Moche W64 Foul Water will quench hot fire as soon swetter, she saith, and more acceptable Is drinke when it is Stollen prively Than when it is taken as fair 1546 Heywood D 27.42: Foule water as soone as in forme avowable, Bread hid and gotten fayre, will quenche hot fyre. Apperson 232; Ox- jeoperdouslie Must nedes be swete, and semblablie Venison stolne is aie the swetter. ford 222; Tilley W92; Whiting Scots II 151. The farther the narower fet the better. Apperson W65 He that fears to take the Water shall never 603; Jente 379; Oxford 622; Tilley B626, W131. come over See M264. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 363[5-6]: If thou fere to W72 There was no more Water than the ship take the water as longe as the see ebbeth and floweth thou shalt never come over. See T298. drew 1546 Heywood D 90.58: There was no more W66 It is bad Water that cannot allay dust water than the ship drew. Tilley W104. cl515 Barclay Eclogues 78.705: It is bad water W73 To bum Waters that can not allay dust. Cf. Jente 687. cl405 Mum 71.1529-30: And braggeth and W67 Like Water over the goose's back bosteth and wol brenne watiers, And rather 1533 More Confutación 756 D[13-6]: This tale renne in rede blode thenne a-rere oones. Cf. . . . goeth fayre and smothe by a mannes eare, Taylor and Whiting 307-8: River. as the water goeth over the gooses backe, Debellacyon 962 G[l-2]: Yet goeth ever thys W74 To fall down like Water water over this gooses backe. Apperson 169: aI400 Orologium 360.14-5: We alle dyen, as duck; Oxford 695: duck; Taylor and Whiting water fallith downe into the erthe that tumeth not ayen. cl400 Laud Troy II 498.16912-3: 395: duck. Echon on other dong and thresched. That thei W68 Much Water goes by the mill that the fel doun as water fro yse. al425 Bird with Four miller knows not of Feathers in Brovra Lyrics XIV 215.215-6: It fel 1546 Heywood D 77.251-2: And thus though hym fro, and that scharply As dede the water much water goeth by the myll. That the miller owt of the flood. knowth not of. Apperson 417; Oxford 694; W75 To find Water in the sea Tilley W99. 1528 More Heresyes 220 G[l-3]: He that shoulde W69 Still Water oft breaks the staithe (shore) . . . studye for that, shoulde studye where to c900 Old English Cato 6.16-7: Oft stille wœter fynde water in the see. Tilley W113. staÖe brecaÖ. See D412. W76 To flow like Water (etc.) (A number of W70 Still Waters run deep (varied) single quotations are brought together here) cl390 Cato (Vernon) 604.579-80: Ther water a900 Old English Martyrology 114.24-5: J)aet

W83

629

blod fleow of hire {зает merwan lichoman swa waster of aespringe. cl250 GeneHs and Exodus 29.1017-8: So malt that mete in hem to nogt. So a watres drope in a fier brogt. al300 Maximian 97.151: Ich walke as water in wore {?sandy shore). cl340 Rolle Psalter 291 (78.3): Thai spilt thaire blode as watire. cl380 Pearl 22.607-8: He laves hys gyftes as water of dyche. Other gotes of golf that never charde. cl3S6 Chaucer LGW 851-2: The blod out of the wounde as brode Sterte As water, whan the condit broken is. cl390 Sir Gawain 68.2203: Hit wharred and whette, as water at a mulne. cl395 WBible Hosea V 10: Y schal schede out on hem my wraththe as watir. al475 Mergarete 240.458-9: Tyll sehe suete (sweated), flessch and fell. As it wer water ou te of a well.

Wafer as water doth fram dive. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A II 484.13975: The blod ran ther as water stremes. cl350 Libeaus 68.1217-8: As water doth of olive, Of him ran the blod. al400 Morte Arthure 17.540: No more (gyfFes) of wyne than of watyre. That of the welle rynnys. cl400 Laud Troy I 313.10612: The blod ran doun as water of welles. a l 4 I 0 Love Mirrour 20[26]: Bot renneth out as water. 1447 Bokenham 16.577-8: That lyk as watyr in a ryver So ran hyr blood owt plenteuously. al475 Guy^ 337.11724: The blode ranne down, as watur on welle. 1481 Caxton Godeffroy 172.30-1: Lyke as water renneth in the see, cam fro alle partes grete rowtes and merveyllous piente of peple. al500 St. Kateryne 262.179-80: (Blood) rane downe on hur lyche Os watur dothe on the dyche.

W77 To lay a Water W80 To waste (cast) Water in the Thames (sea) 1402 Daw Tapias 43[9-12]: But, Jak, though (varied) thi questions Semen to thee wyse, Yit lightly a cl378 Piers В xv 331-2: And who so filled a lewid man Maye leyen hem a water. cl412 tonne of a fresshe ryver. And went forth with Hoccleve Regement 41.1123-7: Men Yeme and that water to woke (dilute) with Themese. desiren after muk so sore, That they good fame al475 Ashby Dicta 92.1097-9: And who that to han leyd a watir yore, And rekken never how (un)nedy wolbe graunting. Is not accepted as longe it ther stipe. Or thogh it drenche, so thei for man witty. As wastyng water in the see, good may gripe. 1546 Heywood D 24.62-3: The gilty. 1509 Barclay Ship I 166[3-5]: As great proverbes, which 1 before them did lay. The fole, as is that wytles wratche That wolde . . . triall thereof we will lay a water, 1555 E 166. in the se cast water, thynkynge it to augment. 127: My matter is leyde a water, thats a false 1546 Heywood D 48.247-8: It is, to geve him, tale: Thy matters lie not in water, they lie in as muche almes or neede As cast water in tems. ale. Apperson 354; Tilley W108. Apperson 84; Oxford 695; Tilley W106. See F430. W78 To look to (see) one's Water al376 Piers A ii 199-200: This leomden this W81 To weep as one would writhe (turn) to leches and lettres him senden For to wone with Water hem watres to loke. al387 Higden-Trevisa III cl300 S(. Alexius 187.570-1: With goulinge, and 217[2-4]: I wolde a wiseman hadde (y-seie) his with rewfull grate. Als scho wald all to watir water, and i-held it in his throte they it were a writhe (car. Scho fore als scho to water wald galoun. 1546 Heywood D 50.302: By my faith wryth). al350 Ywain 60.2235-6: Sum tyme, he you come to looke in my water. Oxford 384; saw, thai weped all Als thai wald to water fall, 79.2975-6. 01385 Chaucer TC iii 115: And PanTilley W109. dare wep as he to water wolde. a1393 Cower CA III 374.5018. al395 Chaucer CT V[F] 496. W79 To run like Water al200 Si. Juliana 67.722-3: This work went al420 Lydgate Troy I 257.3926, cl433 St. Edawei as the weater the eometh. al300 Arthour mund 388.629. and M.i 149.5295-6: That the blod ran in the valaie. So water out of a laie, 170.6055-8: For W82 To wite (go away) like Water the blod . . . Ran . . . So water out of wel c970 Blickling Homilies 59[19-20]: Ealle Jja streme. cl300 Havelok 61.1850-1: For the blod gewitaS . . . swa swa waeteres stream. cl300 ran of his sides So water that fro the welle Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 124[l-2]: That es at sai, til werldes play. That glides. cl300 South English Legendary 1295.120: Bi stremes that blod om adoun so water doth of als water wites awai. welle, {Laud) 197.121: Strong fuyr thare can W83 Water and fire are contrarions (repugnant) eornen out ase water doth of welle. cl330 St. cl385 Usk 66-7.59-60: Water and fyr, that ben Mergrete 229.127: The blod ran of hir flesche, contrarious, mowen nat togider ben assembled.

Water

630

cl523 Barclay Mirrour 24[39]: But are playne repugnaunt as water against fire. Tilley F246, WHO. See F183.

W84 alSOO Alexander С 189 Dublin 3167-8: Wrathfull . . . As wawes of the wild see when wynd thaim distrobles.

W84 The Water shall not be blamed if a man W94 To quap (beat) Hke the Waves cl386 Chaucer LGW 865: And lik the wawes drench (drown) himself quappe gan hire herte. al420 Lydgate Troy I al393 Gower CA III 355.4276-9: For if a man himself excite To drenche, and wol it noght 93.2745: Amyd hir herte, quappyng as a wawe. forbere. The water schal no blame bere. What W95 To swim between two Waves mai the gold, thogh men coveite? See 8892. 1523 Berners Froissart III 121[ll-2]: Thus he W85 Water that stirs not (rests too much) stinks swamme bitwene two waves, makyng himselfe al200 Ancrene 216.19-20: Weater the ne stureth newter, as nere as coulde. Whiting Scots II 151: naw readliche stinketh. 1489 Govemayle Water (8). A7'^[2-3]: For why when water resteth to moche W96 To waiter (surge) like Waves in the wind it stynketh. Cf. Tilley W103. cl485 Mary Magdalene (Digby) 86.819: In woo W86 Water through (in) a sieve (varied) I waltyr, as wawys In the wynd! cl450 Idley 165.423: But lete it passe lightlie, as water thorow a seve. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D W97 As bröckle (brittle) as Wax 328 124.74: He that lumyth with-out buckys cl300 Northern Homily Cycle (Edin. Coll. Phys.) 154[12]: For fleys es brokel als wax, and neys. drayt whater with a seyve. cl475 What Profiteth in Brovni Lyrics XV 288.1-2: Long wilbe, water in a welle to keche, A vessell made of yerdis W98 As nesh (soft) as Wax that wil nat holde. cl477 Norton Ordiruill al400 Scottish Legends I 104.265-6: And the 17[l-2]: Else all their laboure shall them let and stane, quhen he lad was ther, Wex nesch as it greive, As he that fetcheth Water in a Sive. wax war. 1509 Barclay Ship I 245[4]: It goeth through W99 As tough as the Wax them as water trough a syve, cl515 Eclogues al500 Eger H 233.837: Teugh as the wax when 45.1231-2: And so such thinges which princes it was wrought. a l S l l Guylforde Pylgrymage to thee geve. To thee be as sure as water in a 54[10]: Toughe as wex. sive. Apperson 669; Oxford 694-5; Tilley W i l l . WlOO As treatable (easy) as Wax W87 Whoso is scalded with hot Water doubts 1340 Ayenbite 94[32]: Tretable ase wex ymered. (fears) hot water the more cl400 Vices and Virtues 93.8: Esy as wex cl400 Vices and Virtues 114.16-7: Who-so is tempred. 1484 Caxton Royal Book H7''[3-4]: y-scalded with hote watre, he dowteth the more Traytable lyke waxe chauffed. Cf. Tilley W135. hot watre. Cf. Tilley C163, 297. See C201. WlOl As yellow as (any, the) Wax W88 To stink like Water-dogs alSOO Alisaunder 323.6112: And teeth hadden al300 Alisaunder 301.5762: And stynken as yelewe as wax, 343.6450: So yelough so wexe water-dogges. ben her visages. сХЗЗО Degare 106.785-6: Bothe his berd and his fax Was crisp an yhalew as W89 To fare like Water-froth alSOO For Old Acquaintance Sake in Bobbins ani wax. cl350 Libeaus 10.139: His berd was yelow as wax. cI387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 675. 134.22: Hit farys as dothe the watter-frothe. cl390 God man and the devel 335.247: the. W90 As brown as the Water-leech cl400 Florence 52.1543-4: the. cl400 Laud Troy al475 Russell Boke 176.874: His shon or slyppers II 460.15616. al450 Macer 194.9. al500 Inter as browne as is the watur-leche. Diabolus et Virgo 444.21: the, 445.41: the. W91 The Water-leech has two daughters W102 To bum like Wax (etc.) (A number of cl395 WBible Proverbs xxx 15: The watir leche single quotations are brought together here) hath twei doughtris, seiynge, Brynge, bringe. a800 Christ in Exeter Book 30.988: Bymeth Oxford 130. waster swa weax. al050 Defensor Liber 169[3-4]: He byö toslopen (dissolved) swa wex fram W92 To clap Uke a Water-mill ansyne fyres. al300 Richard 220.2577-8: Ffor cl400 Beryn 90.3005: Geffrey evir clappid, as non armour withstood his ax. No more than a doith a watir myll. See M557. knyff dos the wax, 253.3163-4, 431-2.6865-6: For theyr armure fared as waxe Ayenst Kynge W93 As wrathful as Waves of the wild sea

Wn2

631

Way

Rychardes axe. cl300 South English Legendary Northern Verse Psalter I 61 (21.15), 183 (57.9), II 525.290: Ac neschede (became soft) as wex 207 (67.3). al400 Scottish Legends I 148.656: It aye(n) the fur. cl375 Si. Thomas in Horstmann meltit as It vax ware, 356.559-60, II 163.393-4. Legenden 1881 23.232-4: The devyll and all cl400 Túndale 20.340: And molton as wax in a that he in stode Was wastid all unto muk and pan. al410 Love Mirrour 209[6-7]. 1449 Metham myre. Right als wax wastes ogayns the fire. 48.1281-2. aI475 St. Birgitta 9.36-7. 1483 Caxcl395 Chaucer CriV[E] 1429-30: But certeynly, ton Golden Legende 54'[1.4], 19e''[1.22-3], a yong thyng may men gye, Right as men may 278''[2.38-9], 1489 Doctrinal 06··[11]. 1490 warm wex with handes plye. al400 Northern Irlande Meroure 146.7-9. al500 Craft of Dying Verse Psalter I 323 (96.5): Hilles als wax stre- in Yorkshire Writers II 420[24-5]. Tilley W137; meden thai Fra face of Laverd. cl408 Lydgate Whiting Scots II 151. Reson 178.6816-7: For they be redy to and to Tobeye as wex. cl450 St. CuthbeH 132.4479-80: W106 To run like Wax The paynyms pride it sail expire, And dissolve cI340 Rolle Psalter 206 (57.8): And fall in till hell, as wax that rennys meltand at the fire, as wax at fyre. 230 (67.2). cl380 Ferumbras 141.4557-8: As lightliche as hit had ibeo wax, ran the strok W103 To flee as Wax flees the fire al425 Si. Anthony 122.15-6: As wax flees the thanne of ys ax Chayne and tre thorghoute. fyre, so fle thai fro the syght of god. 1483 Cax- W107 To work (be pliable) like Wax ton Golden Legende 279''[2.31-3]: And flee from 1546 Heywood D 78.19: At my wil I wend she her lyke as waxe fleeth fro the face of fyre. should have wrought, like wax. Tilley W138.

W108 Wax is apt to take all things W104 To fleet (dissolve) like Wax cl395 WBible Psalms Ivii 9: As wexe that cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 20.79: The myn(d) of a yong mann is as waxe, apte to take all thynge. fletith awei, thei schulen be takun awei, Ixvii 3: As wax fletith fro the face of fier, so perische Tilley W136. synneris fro the face of God, xcvi 5: Hillis as W109 As old as the Way wax fletiden doun fro the face of the Lord. al393 Gower CA II 82.1711-3: His youthe schal be cast aweie Upon such on which as the weie W105 To melt like Wax Is old and lothly overal. aSOO Andreas in Vercelli Book 34-5.1145-6: Het WEepen wera wexe gelicost On |зат orlege WHO But one Way leads to the prick (target) eall formeltan. a900 Old English Martyrohgy al400 Wyclif Sermons II I04[17-8]: As men may 180.7-8: {за gedwinon his drycraeftas . . . swa err fro the mark in many weies beside it, but swa . . . weax {зоппе hit for fyre gemelteS, о wey ledith to the pricke, as it is knowTin 222.3-4: Ond Jjaet goldgeweorc todreas, swa comunli. swa weax gemylt set fyre. c900 Paris Psalter W i l l Choose (Take) the better of the Ways 10 (57.7): Swa weax melteS, gif hit byö wear(varied) mum neah Fyre gefaestnad, 21 (67.2): Swa fram cI449 Pecock Repressor I 113[23-5]: Y wole fyre weax floweS and mylteÖ, Swa |за fyrenand allowe rather that he go and chese the fullan frecne forweoröaö. clOOO Aelfric Lives better of tho weies than the lasse good of tho 11 424.409: And towende hi sona swa swa wex weies. cI477 Caxton Jason 48.26: And of two formylt. cIOOO Larspell in Napier 234.22-3: wayes to take the beste. c l 5 I 5 Barclay Eclogues And heo mylteS swa wex ast fyre. clOOO Regius 19.597-600: And he is a foole . . . Which choseth Psalter 104 (57.9): Swa swa weax semolten beoS a place unto the same to go. And where divers afyrrede, 118 (67.3), 181 (96.5). al050 Defensor wayes lead thither directly—He choseth the Liber 142[3-4]: On life yldryna ys gecweden worst and most of jeopardie, 20.631: Of two swa swa fyr fomimS wex ealswa eac waecce god wayes they use to leave the best, 106.1358-9: gejsancu wyrste. el 100 Salisbury Psalter 153 Els be they throwen in suche a blinde dotage. (57.9): Swa wex {за mylt Ьео|з aferrode, 163 That of two wayes they chose moste jeopardous. (67.3), 213 (96.5). cl300 South English Legendary 1525 Berners Froissart V I7[7-8]: A man ought II 585.412: Ac bigonne al to multe awey ase of two or iii. wayes chose the best waye. See wex deth ayen fare. cl350 Prose Psalter 68 E193, G357. (57.8): The wicked shul ben wasted as wax that melteth, 77 (67.2), 118 (96.5). cl375 St. W112 Divers Ways oft lead to one place John in Horstmann Legenden 1881 39.432-3. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 20[43]: Thou seest divers al396(1494) Hilton Scale Rl''[27-8]. aI400 wayes oft leading to one place. See P52, W12I.

Way

632

W113

W H 3 Go your Way, if you live long you shall 1484 Ther ne is dangyer 19.3: Ne so sure a way as is the playn. Tilley W163. find hard beds 1525 Berners Froissart IV 25[l-4]: We fynde W H 9 One may not go two Ways at once nowe the olde sayenge of our fathers and cl450 La Tour-Landry 7.19: For ye may not mothers true, whane they wolde saye, Go your goe two waies atte onis. See M227, W115. waye, and ye lyve long, ye shall fynde harde W120 Steadfast Way makes steadfast heart and poore beddes. cl385 Usk 60.117-8: Stedfast way maketh stedW114 The green (broad) Way to hell fast hert, with good hope in the ende. al200 Ancrene 98.20-2: Thenne dusie worldes men gath bi grane wei toward te wearitreo and W121 There be more Ways to the wood than to death of helle. cl340 Rolle Psalter 29 (7.7): one By the brad way thai ga till hell, 67 (17.46), 1546 Heywood D 94.120: There be mo waies 196 (54.11): Bi the brade way of covatis and to the wood than one, 1555 E 163.105. Apperson lichery gas till hell, 478 (143.17), 483 (145.8): 429; Oxford 696; Tilley W179; Whiting Drama 164. See W112. the brade wayes of synful. W115 He that will go two Ways must either W122 To go the Way of all earth al382 WBible Joshua xxiii 14: I to day goo into tear his arse or his breech 1492 Salomon and Marcolphus 11 [27-8]: He that the weie of al erthe. Taylor and Whiting 396; woll two weyes go muste eythre his ars or his Tilley W166. breche tere. See M227, W119. W123 To go the Way of the world cl450 Speculum Christiani (2) 142.5-6: Stronge W116 In hard Ways men go softly al393 Gower CA II 270.1623-4: In barde weies to go the wey of worlde and feble to assaile the men gon softe, And er thai clymbe avise hem wey of commaundmentes of god. 1519 Horman Vtdgaria 317[8]: Suche is the wey of the worlde: ofte. that &c. Ita comparatum est ut etc. Taylor and W H 7 The middle Way of measure is ever Whiting 396. golden (varied) W124 To know which Way to the wood the al200 Ancrene 172.6-7: The middel wei of hare goes meosure is eaver güldene. cl200 Sawles Warde cl475 Wisdom 60.744-5: Wyche wey to the (Bodley) 6.49-50: Thet me meosure hat, the woode wyll the hare. They knewe, and they at middel of twa uveles, 20.184: Is in euch worldrest sett als tyghte. Gf. Taylor and Whiting 60: lich thing the middel wei güldene. al393 Gower Gat(47). CA II 2.17-8: I wolde go the middel wei And wryte a bok betwen the tweie. III 162.7689-91: W125 To take the wrong Way to (the) wood And thus betwen tomoche and lyte Largesce, 1546 Heywood D 92.66-7: Ye tooke The wrong which is noght to wyte. Halt evere forth the way to wood. Oxford 736; Tilley W167. middel weie. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 55.34-5: Thou most taken an evene weye in Mesure W126 When you go by the Way beware where bitwixen hope and drede. cl450 Foly of Fulys you throw (MS. drowe) (Pstones) 55.133-4: Quharfor tyll hald the mydlyng vay cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.2b in Retrospective Is best as I hard wysmen say. 1456 Hay Qov- 309[11] and Förster 201.11: Whan thou gest emaunce 81.3-4: In aide tymis amang wyse by the weyghe, be war where thou drowe . . . men, the mydlyn way was ay soucht to be Pergens per vicum caveas jactare lapillum; haldin but repruf. 1483 Gaxton Cato G8''[14]: Fortuitus jactus infert persepe periclum. Thou oughtest to kepe the myddel waye, Walther III 804.21362. I3''[15-6]: Hit is more sure for to holde the W127 He that hires Wayfarers builds on all myddel way. al500 Bemardus De Cura 8.174: sides Off meswre ay he byddis the halde the gate. cl025 Durham Proverbs 14.32: Wide timbreS se alSOO Medwall Nature I2^[29-30]: Take the [зе wegferendum hyreS. Crebro struit qui myd way bytwyxt theym two And fle thex- viatoribus parat. tremytees. Apperson 255, 409-10; Oxford 250; Skeat 25; Whiting Scots II 97. Cf. Tilley M792. W128 The Weaker goes to the pot 1546 Heywood D 73.105-6: And where the small See M439, 454. with the great, can not agree. The weaker goeth to the potte, 1562 E 197.292: The weaker goth W1I8 No Way so sure as the plain

W145

633

Wealth

to the pot, ye, and god wot. Sum the weaker W138 It is worthy that he that may bear no for ofte goyng to the pot. Apperson 507; Ox- Weal shall thole (suffer) woe ford 696; Tilley W183; Whiting Drama 346:578. al400 Cursor II 422 F 7311-2: For hit is worthi wele at qua May bere na wele salle thole the W129 The Weaker (feeblest) has the worse wa. cl500 Camb. Un. MS. Ff.5.47 in Robbinscl400 Alexander Buik I 57.1782: The wakar Cutler 1162.5: He that may not suffre wele, sone the war can haif. 1481 Caxton Reynard with unskyle he pleynith hym thei he wo thole. 31[19-20]: Hit went with hem as it ofte doth the fehlest hath the worst. 1546 Heywood D W139 Let no man trust too swith (much) to his 35.6: But the weaker hath the wurs we all daie Weal see, 1555 E 174.156: The weaker hath the cl250 Owl 108.1273-4: Ne truste no mon to woorse, in wrestlyng alway. Apperson 671; his weole To swithe, thah he habbe veole. See Jente 198; Oxford 696; Tilley W184. See W131. W141. W140 One Weal or one woe may not always W130 The Weakest goes to the wall a1500 Coventry Plays 47.447: But the weykist endure gotha eyver to the walle. 1518 Nevill Castell cl385 Usk 82.176-7: So that alway oon wela, 97.569: And amonge the waykest be put backe as alway oon wo, may not endure. See S517. to the wall. Apperson 671; Oxford 697; Tilley W141 Weal beswikes (betrays) many a man W185; Whiting Drama 227, Scots II 151. al200 Lawman I 145.3411-4: Wela, weolla, wella, Hu thu bi-swikest monine mon; Thenne W131 The Weakest is cast beneath cl390 Suffer in Time in Brown Lyrics XIV he the treowethe aire best on, Thenne bi-swikas 201.41-2: The sothe al day is seene in siht. tu heom. See W139. The weikest ay bi-neothe is cast. See FllO, W142 Whoso shall win Weal must find a waster W129. cl353 Winner 390: Who so wele schal wyn, a

wastour moste he fynde. See note for German W132 After the Weal take the woe al400 Le Morte Α. 56.1890-1: We shalle be of parallels. hertis good Aftyr the wele to take the wo. See W143 He is worthy no Wealth that may suffer W432. no woe W133 After Weal comes woe cl385 Usk 18.153-4: For he is worthy no welthe, al400 Alexander С 242.4621: And eftir wele that may no wo suffer. Apperson 613-4; Oxford comys wa for so the werd askis. Tilley W188. 734; Tilley W187. See S141. See J61. W144 He wot not what Wealth is that never W134 He is unwise that can endure no Weal was sore cl396 Chaucer Bukton 27-8: Unwys is he that cl516 Skelton Magnificence 61.1971: He woteth kan no wele endure. If thow be siker, put the not what Welth is that never was sore. See W137. nat in drede. Apperson 361: Let well; Oxford W145 In Wealth (weal) beware of woe (varied) 360. al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 245.53-4: Fro foly W135 He is well that has Weal after woe ever kepe thy fare And yn welth all way be al450 South English Legendary (Bodley) ware, (II) 222.38: wele for welth. cl405 Mum 372.178: For wel is him alyve: that hath wele 31.124: And in welthe to be ware ere that woo after wo. falle. al450 Fyrst thou sal 87.9-10: Man in thi W136 He is worse that is thrown from Weal wele bewar of woo Wele is he that can do soo. cl450 Camb. Un. MS. Hh.4.11 in Robbins-Cutler than if he had known none cI385 Chaucer TC iv 482-3: That hym is wors 1587.7: In wele be wyis and war or thou be wo; that is fro wele ythrowe. Than he hadde erst Though thou mow sie, yit do nothyng so. cl450 О wofull worlde in Guiscardo xiii[25-6]: In wele noon of that wele yknowe. See S519. beware the wysaly, For fortune tumeth sodenly. W137 He knows not what Weal is that never cl450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.47: And ever suffered woe in welth be ware of woo. cl465 As I fared in cl378 Piers В xviii 204-5: For no wighte wote Sandison 116.8: In thy most welth wysely bewhat wel is that nevare wo suffrad, Na what is ware, 16, etc. al500 Hill 139.5-6: In welth be hote hunger that had nevere defaute. See S141, ware of woo, what so the happes. And bere the W144. evyn for drede of after-clappes. 1508(1519)

Wealth

634

WU6

Stanbridge Vulgaría 26.11: Be ware in welthe W155 To make fair Weather or thou be wo. с 1516 Skelton Magnificence 1546 Heywood D 36.50a: Above all, with her I 61.1974-5: Lo, suche is this worldel I fjnnde it made fayre wether, 71.35: They can currifavell, wryt. In Welth to beware; and that is Wyt, and make faire wether. Taylor and Whiting 67.2158-9; For to be wyse all men may lerne 398; Tilley W221. of me, In Welthe to beware of herde Adversyte, al529 Gamesche 1 130.124: Wherfore in welthe W156 Weather meet to set paddocks (frogs) beware of woo. Apperson 671; Tilley W196. abroad in 1546 Heywood D 58.37-8; We have had . . . See W45. Weather, meete to sette paddockes abroode in. WI46 Wealth after woe Oxford 698; Tilley W222. cI350 Alexander В 208.919: To have welthe W157 As sad (stable) as Weathercock in wind aftur wo, as the wor(l)d farus. See B325. cl475 Henryson Testament 124.567: For thay ar W147 Wealth can seldom suffer its estate in sad as Widdercock in Wind. health WI58 As unstable (stable) as a Weathercock al393 Gower CA II 26.786-8: In proverbe natheles Men sein, ful seiden is that welthe с1400 Seven Deadly Sins in Wyclif SEW III 165[10-2]: These men . . . ben unstable as Can soffre his oghne astat in helthe. Apperson wedircokkes, and wil tume with one foul wynde. 8. al449 Lydgate Freond in MP II 757.71: As W148 Wealth ebbs and flows as the flood wethercok theire faites beo founde unstable. 1463 Ashby Prisoner 7.185; Thus welth ebbeth alSOO Mocking Letter in Bobbins 219[2]: As the and floweth as the flood. wedyr cok he is stable. W149 Wealth has a season cl516 Skelton Magnificence late, Welth hath a season.

1.3: Be it erly or

W159 As wild as a Weathercock al425 Heded as an ox in Nicodemus Wylled as a wedercoke.

xxv[7];

W150 Wealth increases misrule WI60 To be like a Weathercock (varied) al475 Assembly of Gods 48.1629-31: But oonly 1340 Ayenbite 180[26-8]: Hi byeth ase the to shew the howe hit dothe apere That welthe, wedercoc thet is ope the steple, thet him went unbrydelyd dayly at thyne ey, Encreseth mid eche wynde. cl370 Chaucer Agoinsi Women mysrewle and oft causyth foly. Unconstant 12-3: But, as a wedercok, that tumeth his face With every wind, ye fare. W15I Wealth is full slipper (undependable) cl385 Usk 13.166-7: I have not . . . with the cI412 Hoccleve Regement 33.903: Welth is ful wethercocke waved. cl400 Vices and Virtues slipir, be ware lest Шои fall. Cf. Whiting Drama 184.27-8: And therfore they faren as the 85. See P422, W189. wederkoc on a stepel, that tumeth with alle W152 Weapon bodes (betokens, makes) peace wyndes. 1402 Daw Topias 50[17-8]: Wanderynge cl458 Knyghthode and Bataile 62.1692: Seyde weder-cokkes. With every wynd waginge. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 387.14324-5: Tumofte it is : the wepon bodeth peax. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 119.30: Wepyn bodyd pece. ynge as offte sythe aboute As . . . whederaI500 Hill 128.13: Wepin makith pese diwers cok, al439 Fall III 679.147: Lik a wedircok my times. Apperson 671; Tilley W206. See We38. face cch day 1 tourne. cI450 Jacob's Well 299. 28-9: Thei fayle, and faryn as a wedir kok, W153 Fair Weather is worth more if there were that tumyth wyth iche wynd. cl475 Magstark storms before nificencia Ecclesie in PMLA 24(1909) 693[29]: 897 Alfred Boethius 52.4-5: And eft smylte Lyke as the wedurcok ayenst yche wynde dothe weder biS \>γ ¡sancwyrSre gif hit hwene aer biö m(?w)evyn. 1546 Heywood D 101.30: How like stearce stormas and norSanwindas and miele a wethercocke 1 have here varyed. Apperson renas and snawas. See 8944. 91; Oxford 698; Tilley W223; Whiting Drama 332:357, Scots II 152. W154 Fair Weather oft wends (turns) to rain (varied) aI250 Death's Wither-Clench in Brown Lyrics W161 To be like the Weather-vane aI450 Audelay 215.26: And not in foundyng XIII 15.3; Fair weder ofte him went to rene. to be as the wederfane. cl400 Alexius (Laud 622) 73.1087-9: After fair weder falleth reyn. After wynnyng wep ageyn. W162 It is better to Wed (wive, marry) than And care is after kysse. to bum

W176

635

Ween

аЭОО Alfred Gregory 401.33-4: ForSaem hit is wo woxe wanner nor the weid. Whiting Scots awriten Öast hit sie betere Sast mon gehiewige II 153. Sonne he bime. al340 Ayenbite 225[16-7]: Vor betere and more holy thing is to wyvi thanne W170 Evil Weed is soon grown (varied) c l 4 7 0 Harley MS.3362 f.2a in Retrospective him-zelve heme. cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 52: 309[5] and Förster 200.5: Ewyl weed ys sone Bet is to be wedded than to brynne. с 1395 y-growe. 1546 Heywood D 39.131: 111 weede WBibk I Corinthians vii 9: For it is betere to growth fast . . . wherby the come is lome, be weddid, than to be brent. c l 3 9 6 Chaucer 1555 E 189.239: 111 weede growth fast, it groweth Bukton 17-8: But yet, lest thow do worse, take a wyf; Bet ys to wedde than brenne in worse fast in deede: The come can scantly growe for the weede. Apperson 326; Jente 600; Oxford 317; wise. al400 Pauline Epistles I Corinthians vii Tilley W238. 9: For it is better to wedde then to brenne in leccherye. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 250.1-2: W171 Of wicked Weed come no wholesome For bettre is hem to marye hem than brenne flowers hem. 1484 Caxton Royal Book S5''[23-4]: For al439 Lydgate Fall III 709.1307: Of wikked better is to marye than to brenne them, 1489 weed(e) come non holsum flours. See T465. Doctrinal DI'PQ-SO]: For it is better for them to be maryed than to be brent. 1532 More W172 To wallow (wither) like a (the) Weed Confutación 463 C[4]: It is better to т а г у cl475 Henryson Orpheus 140.350: And walluid then to bume, D[10-l], 680 H[10-l]: Better it as the weid, Thre Deid Pollis 205.21: Holkit and is to wedde then to bume. Tilley M692. how, and wallowit as the weid. с 1475 Thewis 182.94: And one the morne walowyt as a wed. W163 Who Weds ere he be wise shall die ere Whiting Scots II 153. he thrive 1549 Heywood D 31.32: Who wedth or he be W173 To waste away like Weed cl375 St. Laurence in Horstmann Legenden wise shall die or he thrive, 1555 E 151.28. 1881 109.149: It will noght wast oway als wede. Apperson 672; Tilley W229. al425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 33.14972: And W164 Wedding and hanging are destiny sythyn as a wed wast away. 1546 Heywood D 23.51-2: Be it far or nie, W174 The Weed overgrows the com (varied) weddyng is desteny. And hangyng likewise, saith thet proverbe, sayd I, 1555 E 148.6: Weddyng cl330 Seven Sages A 48.1181: I se the wede waxe over the com, al350 С 44.1281. al333 and hangyng, are desteny I see. Apperson Shoreham Poems 31.871-2: As wed schei growen 403-4; Oxford 276; Tilley W232; Whiting over the com, Wythoute medicyne. 1439 Drama 189, 190, 222. See D169. Lydgate St. Albon 114.197-201: It hath ben W165 Wedding is honorable sayn and writen here befóme By olde expert c l 3 9 5 WBible Hebrews xiii 4: Wedding is in alle Poesy called doctrine: "(Withstond) prynciples, thingis onourable. Oxford 409. Leest above the come The wede wex ayenst good graine to maligne," al449 Amor in MP W166 Wedding is the hardest band that any II 746.52: Som tyme for lucre weede above the man may take on hand com. al470 Malory I 306.1-2: To se suche a с 1375 Barbour Bruce 1 12.266-9: For men may lad to macche you, as the wede growyth over weile se, that ar wyss, That wedding is the the come. al475 Corruptions of the Times in hardest band That ony man may tak on hand. Wright Political Poems II 2 3 7 [ l l - 2 ] : Therfor And thryldome is weill wer than deid. Whit- every man may care. Lest the wade growe ing Scots I 135. over the whete. 1546 Heywood D 39.132: For W167 Wedding would have good advisement surely the weede overgroweth the come. Ap1463-7 Paston IV 291[20-1]: Me semez wedding person 672-3; Oxford 699; Tilley W242; Whiting Scots II 152. wolde have goode avysement. See Αβ2. W168 One Wedge drives out another W175 To be in by the Week 1493 Tretyse of Love 112.34-5: For as men wyll 1546 Heywood D 86.201: Wherby this proverbe and maye more easely dryve oute a wedge or shewth the in by the weeke, 1555 E 155.60: a pyn of tree that is myssette by a-nother. Tilley Of one in prison. Thou art in by the weeke, W234. See N6. nay syr 1 am here, Not in by the weeke, I am in by the yere. Tilley W244. W169 As wan as the Weed c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 84.2465: For verray W176 To Ween one kens more than he knows

Weening

636

W177

al425 Chester Plays I 213.242: He wenes he W186 Such Welcome such farewell kennes more then he knowes. al450 York Plays 1546 Heywood D 83.102: Such welcome, such 159.90. cl450 Trevet 238.35-6 (f.48b, col. 2): farewell. Oxford 700; Tilley W256. He weneth that he knowe more than he can. W187 To bid one Welcome over the fields al460 Towneley Plays 188.64: He wenys he kens 1546 Heywood D 50.300: Byddyng me welcome more then he knawys. strangly over the feelds. Tilley W257. W177 Weening beguiles many a man W188 Welcome when you go al393 Gower CA II 89.1958: Wenyng beguileth 1546 Heywood D 82.74: Welcome when thou many a man. goest, thus is thine errand sped. Oxford 700; W178 To be worth one's Weight in gold (varied) Tilley G475, W259. cl300 Reinbrun 636.15.10-1: And segge he hadde Reinbroun sold For is wighte of rede W189 Welfare has no sickemess al500 Ai I fared thorow in Dyboski 88-9.8: gold. cl400 Florence 60.1789-90: So mekyll golde for hur he hyght That hyt passyd almoost Welfare hath no sykemes, 16, 24, etc. See W151.

hur weyght. cl400 Laud Troy I 232.7859-60: W190 He has Well that deserves well He wold not for his weyghht of gold, That al393 Gower CA III 439.1962: Thus hath he wel Achilles it (horse) hadde hold. al500 Eger Ρ that wel deserveth. See D165. 290.1154: He is worth to her his waight in gold, 308.1228. al500 Medwall Nature СГ[32]: W191 "It is far from Well," said he that heard Ye ar worth thy weyght of gold, F3''[l]. al533 wailing in hell Berners Arthur 276[22-3]: Ye wold not go and cl025 Durham Proverbs 15.44: Wide ne bija seke to have it for your weyght of fyne golde. wel, cwaejj se Jie gehyrde on helle hriman. . . . Apperson 714; Oxford 734; Taylor and Whiting ait qui audivit clamorem in infemo. 398; Tilley W253. W192 Many Wells many buckets 1549 Heywood D 87.229: Well well (quoth she) W179 If one may not change Weird (fate) it is many weis, many buckets. Apperson 400; Oxbest to thole (suffer) it. ford 406; Tilley W264. c900 Resignation in Exeter Rook 218.117-8: Giet bij) l^œt selast, {jonne mon him sylf ne W193 To spring up like a Well maeg Wyrd onwendan, {jaet he Jjonne wel {jolige. al393 Gower CA II 237-8.427-34: That every W180 Weird drives the world's things to the end thing which he can telle. It springeth up as cl375 Barbour Rruce I 87.148-50: Bot werd, doth a welle, Which mai non of his stremes that to the end ay driffls The varldis thingis, hyde. Bot renneth out on every syde. So buillen sa thame travalit. That thai on twa halfis war up the foule sawes That Cheste wot of his felawes: For as a Sive kepeth Ale, Riht so can assalit. Cheste kepe a tale, 324.839-40: With teres, whiche, · as of a welle The stremes, from hire W181 Weird goes as it must yhen felle, III 374.5004-7: Riht as men sen a c735 Reowulf 455: GaeS a wyrd swa hio seel! welle springe. With yhen fülle of wofull teres, W182 Weird is strongest . . . Sehe wepte. c900 Cotton Maxims in ASMP 55.5: Wyrd byö swiSost. W194 He is blessed who may sit on his Wellstool and tell of his woe-stool W183 Weird of battle is wavering al438 Kempe 82.5-7: The comown proverbe cl420 Wyntoun III 39.450: For werde (var. that men seyn, "He is wel blyssed that may ure) is waverande of bataille. See B65, F533, sytten on hys wel-stool and tellyn of hys woW39. stool." W184 Weird often changes clOOO Letter of Alexander in Three Old English W195 The Welsh ever love treachery (varied) al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 247.7031-2: Prose Texts 11.2-3: Seo wyrd and sio hiow hie Fforteger was of the Walscherye, That evere oft oncyrreÖ and on о{зег hworfeS. See F523. lovede trycherye, R II 306[10-4]: Was never withouten gilè Walsh man no Breton. . . . W185 Weird often saves a man when his courage Saynt Bede sais it for lore, and I say it in ryme, avails Walsh man salle never more luf Inglis man no c735 Reowulf 572-3: Wyrd oft nereS Unfaegne tyme. See S98. eorl, {jonne his eilen d e ^ ! See F5I9.

W209

637

W196 To make (use) a Welshman's hose cl522 Skelton Colyn I 341.780-1: And make a Walshmans hose Of the texte and of the glose, 1523 Garlande 1 411.1238-9: And after conveyauns as the world goos. It is no foly to use the Walshemannys hoos. Oxford 702; Whiting Scots II 153.

Wheel Etheldreda 298.688: A ston lay as whytte as whall. cl455 Partonope S 481.17, 483.93-4. 1467 Paston IV 268[5]. cl475 Henryson Thre Deid Pollis 206.29. al500 Ballad in Rei. Ant. I 28[15]. al500 Beauty of his Mistress II in Bobbins 124.14, III 127.27. al500 Squire 27.537, 32.711. cISOO Smith 324.219-20: She was whiter of lere Than bone is of whale, 328.529: She was whyte as a bone of whale. 1506 Hawes Pastime 64.1592. al513 Dunbar In Secreit Place 54.33. 1515 Barclay St. George 53.1150: A godly virgyne as whyte as bone of whall. Apperson 680; Tilley W279; Whiting Scote Π 153. See B443, E68, 168, R229.

W197 As bitter as Wermod (wormwood) a750 Riddles in Exeter Book 202.60-1: Swylce ic eom wrajire J) enne wermod sy, J) e her on hyrstum heasewe stonde]?. cl395 WBible Proverbs V 4: The last thingis ben bittir as wormwod. al396(1494) Hilton Scale N7"'[33]. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 89[6], 262[11]. al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 342.12580-1: And he hath ek W204 To wit (know) What is what mor byttemesse Than any woormood grow- aI350 Ywain 12.432: For wa I wist noght what yng here, 421.15662. al500 Remedie of Love was what. cl422 Hoccleve Dialog 138.778: And elles woot I nevere what is what. 1522 Skelton СССХХ1Г[1.21]. Why Come II 60.1106: He said he knew what W198 As sour as Wermod was what. Apperson 677-8; Taylor and Whiting al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 421.15662: Mor sowr 399; Tilley K178. . . . than wormood. cl450 Pilgrimage LM 134[14-5]. cl500 Remors Bl^S]: They be to W205 Wheat and chaff me as souer as wormewode. cl200 St. Juliana 71.775-6: Hwen drihtin о domes dei windweth his hweate and (weopth) WI99 To go West thet dusti chef to hellene heate. al400 MeditaalSOO Man have mynd 55.41-2: Women and tions 48.1837: Whi dieth the whete under the mony wilsome wy As wynd or wattir ar gane chaf? 1401 Treuth in Kail 10.47: The whete fro west. NED West lb(a). the chaf ye tryghe. 1532 Berners Golden Boke 322.6693-4: To bye wheate without chaffe? See W200 As fat as a Whale cI395 Chaucer CT III[D] 1930: Fat as a whale. C428, Γβ93, S824. aI5I3 PDunbar General Satyre 153.71: Sic W206 The fifth Wheel to the cart fartingaillis on flaggis als fatt as quhailis. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 144.117-8: As to the W201 As great as a Whale al460 Towneley Plays 119.105: She is greatt as a whall.

text accordyng never a deill, Mair than langis to the cart the fift quheill. Apperson 210; Oxford 200; Taylor and Whiting 399-400; Tilley W286.

W202 As blaght (white) as Whale's-bone cl380 Pearl 8.212: Her ble more blaght then W207 A shrewd Wheel cries more (varied) cl450 Pilgrimage LM 123[l-3]: And i can with whalles bon. good oynture enoynte a shrewede wheel that W203 As white as (the, any) Whale's-bone cryeth that it shal crye more after and comcl325 Maid of Ribhesdale in Böddeker 156.40: muneliche be the werse. cI450 Rylands MS.394 Hire teht aren white ase bon of whal. cl325 106.20: Ever the worst spoke of the cart krakes. Wayle Whyt in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics Apperson 713; Oxford 733; Tilley W287. See (Manchester, 1948) 40.1: A wayle whyt ase C66. whalles bon. cI330 Degare 57.20 (var.): A doughter as whight as whales bone, с1330 St. W208 To stand on another Wheel Katherine 248.282. al350 Isumbras 20.250. al393 Gower CA II 40.178: Mi world stod on cl353 Winner 181: Whitte als the whalles bone. an other whiel. See W670. cl380 Ferumbras 80.2429. aI400 Destruction of W209 To turn (wharve, trendle [ium]) like a Troy 100.3055: (Teeth) qwyte and qwem as any Wheel qwalle bon. al400 Eglamour 45.680, 52-3.779897 Alfred Boethius 57.31-2: Ac aelc gesceaft 80, 60.892, 71.1052-3: Yowre nece . . . Es whytte hwearfaS on hire selfre swa swa hweol. Lays as bone of qwalle. al400 Torrent 29.794. cl400 of Boethius 172.73-4. cI200 Orm I 125.3640-3: Forr all thiss middellaerdess thing Ayy turrEmaré 2.33. cl400 Toulouse 235.358. al450 St.

Whelk

638

nethth her and wharrfethth Nu upp, nu dun, swa summ the wheol, And nohht ne stannt itt stille. 1410 Walton Boethius 197[1]: And all his thoghtes trendlen as a whele. cl450 Foly of Fulys 63.426: Bot tolterand, tumand as a quheill. al500 How the Wyse Man 33.157 (var.)·. Thys worlde hyt tumys evyn as a whele. 1509 Barclay Ship I 144[15]: One with his speche rounde toumynge lyke a whyle.

W210 and bere. Though al this londe at ones assembled were. al460 Towneley Plays 230.80-1: He lyes for the quetstone, I gyf hym the pryce. cl500 Greene Carols 471 refrain: 1 will have the whetstone and I may. 1560 Heywood E 223. 98.1-2: Where doth Frances fabler now lie, Jane? At signe of the whetstone in double tunge lane. Apperson 679; Oxford 704; Tilley W298; Whiting Drama 370:942.

W210 Not worth a Whelk W217 A Whetstone makes sharp carving tools clSOO King Hart 110.15: I compt not all your (varied) werkis wirth ane wilk. cl385 Chaucer TC i 631-2: A wheston is no kervyng instrument, But yet it maketh sharppe W211 By the Whelp the lion is chastised kervyng tolis. al387 Higden-Trevisa I 13[9-10]: cl395 Chaucer CT V[F] 490-1: And for to So saith the prophete Satiricus, "I fare as the maken othere be war by me. As by the whelp whetston that maketh yren sharpe and kene." chasted is the leon. al439 Lydgate Fall I 6.211-2: Bi smale whelpis, as summe clerkis Apperson 679; Oxford 704; Tilley W299.

write. Chastised is the myhti fers leoun. el450 W218 As white as Whey Douce MS.52 49.63: By the litui welpys me a1400 Lanfranc 67.14: Whight as whey. chastys the lyon. al450 Rylands MS.394 99.14. al470 Parker Dives Q6"'[2.37-9]: And as the W219 He loses his While (time) that does for lyon is chastysed by betynge of the whelpe. the qued (wicked) 1481 Caxton Minor 75[27-30]: And whan he al300 Passion of Our Lord in Morris Old that kepeth them (lions) bete and chastyseth a English Miscellany 39.62: Me seyth his hwile lytil dogge to fore them, they fere and doubte he vor-leost that doth for the quede. hym lyke as they knewe hym wel. Apperson W220 In less While than a man may wink 161; Oxford 27; Tilley D443. See H4. al400 Pricke 214.7935: Ffor in les while than a man may wynke. See W365. W212 To be a Whelp of a shrewd hair 1519 Horman Vulgaria 106[13]: He is a whelpe W221 Stand a While and run a mile cl450 Rylands MS.394 95.30: Stonde awhyle of a shreude heare. Germen improbum. and rynne a myle. Tilley W300. W213 To rage (toddle) like a Whelp C 1 3 8 7 - 9 5 Chaucer CT I[A] 257: And rage he W222 Soft Whispering spreads not far koude, as it were right a whelp. al513 Dunbar 1556 Heywood Spider 316[12]: Softe wispring, Wowing 52.11: And todlit with hir lyk ane not fer spreades. quhelp. W223 Not set a Whistle W214 The Whelp plays as long as the old hound cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 27[13]: For he set not by his wrethe a whistel. cl522 Skelton will с1450 Rylands MS.394 93.20: As longe pleyeth Colyn I 357.1187: They set not by us a whystell. the whelpe, as the olde hounde wyll. W224 Not worth a Whistle

W215 While the Whelp plays the old dog grins cl522 Skelton Colyn I 320.238: Construe not el450 Rylands MS.394 93.5: While the welpe worth a whystle. 1533 More Confutación 581 pleyes, the olde dog grennys. al500 Hill 132.41: A[13]: Not worth a whystle. Tilley W311. Whan the whelpe gameth, the old dogge W225 To wet one's Whistle grenneth. cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 4155: So was hir joly whistle wel ywet. al460 Towneley Plays W216 To lie for the Whetstone (varied) 119.103: Had She oones Wett Hyr Whystyll. 1418 Proclamacio in R. W. Chambers and M. 1519 Horman Vulgaria 158[16-7]: Yf 1 wete my Daunt Book of London English 1384-1425 mouthe or my whystyll: I shall gyve a crasshe (Oxford, 1931) 95.29-32: He . . . shal stonde or a fytte of myrthe. Si subbibero aliquid suave here upon the pillorye . . . with a Weston tinniam. Apperson 677; Oxford 703; Taylor and aboute hys necke in tokene of a Lyere. cl450 Whiting 401; Tilley W312. Chaunce 10.173-5: This is your hap upon the whele yronne That ye may the wheston kepe W226 To Whistle (for something)

v/240

639

1513 More Richard 47 E[8-9]: There thei spende and bidde their creditours gooe whistle them. Taylor and Whiting 401; Tilley W313. W227 As good never a Whit as never the better 1546 Heywood D 101.36: As good never a whit as never the better. Apperson 442; Oxford 448; Tilley W314. W228 Set not a Whit cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 27.111: He sett not a whitt be their woodenes. NED Whit sb.^ 1. W229 He that is White may cast scorns against a man of Ind 1509 Barclay Ship I 213[10-2]: And he that is whyte may well his scomes cast Agaynst a man of ynde, but no man ought to blame Anothers vyce whyle he usyth the same. 1509 Watson Ship KS^ÍQ-IO]: The crepyll lame and counterfet mocketh the ethyopyen. A. Pompen English Versions of The Ship of Fools (London, 1925) 78; Walther 11 759.13964.

Wife so whyte lyverd? NED White-livered; Tilley F180; Whiting Drama 370:945.

W233 There leaped a Whiting 1546 Heywood D 81.47: There lepte a whityng (quoth she) and lept in streite. Apperson 356-7; Oxford 357; Tilley W318. W234 He that stretches further than his Whittle (blanket) will reach must stretch his feet in the straw (varied) al300 Henley Husbandry 4[6-8] Horn dit en reprover en engleys: Wo that stretchet fortherre than his wytel wyle reche, in the straue his fet he mot streche, cl350 in Ninth Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts 1883 Part I, Appendix 75[2.62-4]: Hwo wille forthere hym streche Than his whitel wole reche. Ine the chaf he mot him strecehe. cl378 Piers В xiv 233: For whan he streyneth hym to streche the strawe is his schetes (C whitel). cl470 Harley MS.3362 f.4a: He that wyle further streche than hys schetyn wyl areche, in the straw he (s)chal hys feet seche. Apperson 605; Oxford 625; Robbins-Cutler 4113. Cf. Tilley A316.

W230 White is token of cleanness (purity) с1422 Lydgate On Gloucester's Approaching Marriage in MP 11 605.110: The whyte also is tooken of clennesse, a1449 My Lady Dere in W235 Hop Whore, pipe thief MP II 423.99-100: And summe in token of 1546 Heywood D 88.274: Where all thy pleasure clennesse, Weren whyte, takethe heed. is, hop hoore, pipe theefe. Apperson 309; Oxford 303; Tilley W320. W231 White seems more by black (varied) al333 Shoreham Poems 148.541-6: Swythe fayr W236 The Why and the wherefore thyng hys that wyte. And ther by-syde blak a 1481 Caxton Reynard 113[22]: They knewe lyte, wel ydyght; The viyte hyt the vayrer none other thyng why ne wherfore. Taylor and maketh. And (hym) selve more hyt blaketh. Whiting 401; Tilley W332. And al hyt hyght. cl385 Chaucer TC i 642-3: Eke whit by blak, by shame ek worthinesse, W237 Though Wickedness be kept secre(t) it Ech set by other, more for other semeth. will be discovered cl385 Usk 35.47-8: Blacke and white, set to- al440 Burgh Cato 314.443-4: Thouh wykkydgider, every for other more semeth; and so nesse for tyme be kept secre, Yitt att the laste doth every thinges contrary in kynde, 97.75-9. will it discurid be. See M806. 1420 Lydgate Temple 52.1250: For white is whitter, if it be set hi blak, al439 Fall III W238 For fair Wives many lose their lives cl450 Rylands MS.394 93.7: For feyre wyfes 755.2980-2: Too colours seyn that be contrarions, mony losyn her lyfes. See W487. As whiht and blak; it may bee non othir, Ech

in his kynde sheweth mor for othir. al500 W239 A good Wife makes a good husband Corruptions of the Times in Wright Political 1546 Heywood D 89.47: A good wife makth a Poems II 241[9-10]: Wyghte is wyghte, gyf yt good husbande (they saie). Apperson 264; Oxleyd to blake; And soote ys swettere aftur ford 257; Tilley W351. See H655. byttemesse. 1506 Hawes Pastime 57.1405: As whyte by Ыаске doth shyne more clerely. 1523 W240 A good Wife should not be kept in await (watched) Skelton Garlande I 411.1237: The whyte cl390 Chaucer CT IX[H] 148-54: A good wyf, apperyth the better for the black. Tilley B435. that is dene of werk and thoght, Sholde nat See C366, L383, TUO. been kept in noon awayt, certayn; And trewely, W232 To be White-livered the labour is in vayn To kepe a shrewe, for it 1546 Heywood D 74.127: Why thinke ye me wol nat bee. This holde I for a verray nycetee.

Wife

640

W241

To spille labour for to kepe wyves: Thus writen W248 A wicked Wife is ill to tame cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.118: A wykkyd wyfe is olde Clerkes in hir lyves. ill to tame. W241 He that has an evil Wife and loses her ought to be little sorrowful W249 A Wife is full oft a broken post cl505 Watson Valentine 247.3-4: For who that cl475 Prohemy of a Mariage 29[24-5]: Ful ofte hath an evyll wyfe and leseth her, he ought to a wife is a broken poste. And he that lenethe be lytell sorowful. Cf. Tilley W360. may lihtly cache a fai. See R70. W242 Never be so wood (mod) or so drunk as W250 Wives are very unstable beasts to tell your Wife your will {varied) al449 Lydgate Evil Marriage in MP II 459.92-3: cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 102 Τ 281-4: Wurthu Wyves been bestes very unstable In ther desires, nevere swo wod Ne so drunken, That evere sai which may not chaunged be. thu thi wif Al that thi wille be. cl400 Toulouse 250.679: Womans tong ys evell to tryst. cl500 W251 Wives' defence is worth little Lady Bessy 10[4-6]: But it is hard to trust women, cl400 Alexander Buik III 344.8104: For wyves For many a man is brought into great woe. defence is lytle worthi (French: Car deffensse Through telling to women his privity. Oxford de fenme ne vaut .ii. aus pelés!) See W494. 647. Cf. Tilley W347a, 362. See F426. W252 Wives will hide their vices till they be fast (i.e. married) W243 A nice Wife and a back door often make cl395 Chaucer CT III[D] 282-4: Thow seyst a rich man poor we wyves wol oure vices hide Til we be fast, cl450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.33-4: For a and thanne we wol hem shewe,—Wei may nyse wyfe, and A backe dore, Makyth oftyn that be a proverbe of a shrewe! tymus A ryche man pore. Apperson 199:9, 444; Oxford 451; Robbins-Cutler 81.5; Tilley W370. W253 A young Wife and a harvest goose, much gaggle (chatter) with both W244 Old Wives' tales (varied) a1450 Tribulations of Marriage in Bobbins cl395 WBible I Timothy iv 7: But eschewe thou 38.5-8: A yong wyf and an arvyst-gos Moche uncovenable fablis, and elde (cl384: olde) gagil with bothe; A man that hath ham yn his vvymmenus fablis. al500 Colkelbie 308.152: clos. Reste schal he wrothe. Apperson 719. See Quhich semys most to be a wyfis taill. 1509 Barclay Ship I 72[6]: The tales of an olde wyfe. W497.

1528 More Heresyes 201 B[13-4]: He never W254 It sits (befits) a woeful Wight to have a found one olde wife so fonde to beleve him. dreary fere (companion) (varied) Apperson 465; Oxford 473; Taylor and Whiting с1385 Chaucer TC i 12-4: For wel sit it, the 402; Tilley W388; Whiting Drama 356:743, sothe for to seyne, A woful wight to han a Scots II 154. drery feere, And to a sorwful tale, a sory chere. al405 Lydgate Black Knight in MP II 390.183-6: W245 Suffer your Wife's tongue For unto wo acordeth compleynyng. And delful cI395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1377: Suffre thy wyves chere unto hevynesse, To sorow also sighing tonge, as Catoun bit. al400 Cato (Copenhagen) and wepyng, And pitouse morenyng unto BF[17-8]: Suffre thy wyvis tunge sum whyle, drerynesse, al420 Troy II 553.5453-4: For to a Thawgh she speke sum thyngis vile. al440 Burgh whight that is compleynynge, A drery fere is Cato 322.798-9: Thi wifis woord suffre and right wel sittynge, al439 Fall III 759.3144-5: take in gree, Whan it availeth. cl450 Cato To a glad mateer longeth a glad cheer. Men (Sidney) 38.443-4: Suffre thi wife sum time, trete of wisdam with woordes of sadnesse, thow sehe The speke wordis of perplexite. 764.3347-8: An hevy mateer requereth an hevy W246 There is but one shrewd Wife but each cheer; To a glad mateer longeth weel gladnesse. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 246: Misery. man weens he has her 1528 More Heresyes 233 CD: There is but one shrewde wyfe in the worlde: but . . . everi W255 No Wight may come to worship but man weneth he hath her. Oxford 257: Good; (unless) he endure pain (varied) al400 Romaunt В 2119-20: To worshipe no Tilley W374. wight by aventure May come, but if he peyne endure. 1420 Lydgate Temple 17.398-9: RememW247 Who has no Wife is no cuckold cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3152: Who hath no wyf, breth eke, hou never yit no wight Ne came to wirchip withoute some debate. See L233, M236. he is no cokewold.

W267

641

W256 No Wight that dreads everything shall attain great thing(s) c l 4 5 0 When the son 390.240-1: Ther shal never wyght gret thing atteyne That dret every thing, but ay lyf in peyne. See T298. W257 One should not woo a Wight in heaviness (sorrow) c l 3 8 5 Chaucer TC ν 790-1: For wise folk in bookes it expresse, "Men shal nat wowe a wight in hevynesse."

Will MacEdward Leach (Philadelphia, 1961) 286[7-8]: And be meke and stylle. And thou shalt have alle thy wylle, 287[3]: Suffyr and have thy wylle. c l 4 5 0 Idley 84.192: Who can su£Fre, hath his desire. al500 Counsels in Brown Lyrics XV 283.21-4: Sum mene says that hyt ys soo, Who-so kone suffer, heyle, and hyde, May have hys wyll ofte tyme y-doo. And he wyll for the better A-byde. al500 Good Wife N 211.34: Suffer and have thy desire. Apperson 674-5; Jente 260; Kneuer 23-5; Oxford 25: Be still; Schleich 268; Singer III 135-6. See B318, S865, T303.

W258 That Wight must speak that cannot hold his tongue 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 193.36: That wight mon speke that can nocht hald hys tong. W265 A thraward (perverse) Will a thrawn (distorted) physiognomy Apperson 357: Leave; Oxford 359-60; Tilley c l 4 7 5 Henryson Fables 97.2830-3: "Ane thraL168. See P66. wart will, ane thrawin Phisnomy. The auld W259 A true Wight and a thief think not one Proverb is witnes of this Lorum—Distortum (alike) vultum sequitur distortío morum." "Na" (quod c l 3 9 5 Chaucer CT V[F] 536-7: But sooth is the Taid) "that Proverb is not trew." al508 seyd, goon sithen many a day, "A trewe wight Dunbar Flyting 8.81-2: Thocht I wald lie, thy and a theef thenken nat oon." Apperson 647:12; frawart phisnomy Dois manifest thy malice to Oxford 672. See F43. all men. Walther 1 742.6026. See M360. W260 As furious as a Wüd Cat W266 To be wedded to one's Will aI500 Colyn Blowbol 93.30: He lokyd furyous 1513 More Richard 48 (for 45) G[9-13]: Never as a wyld catt. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 402. shal I . . . so wedde my selfe to myne own wyll, but that I shall bee readye to chaunge it uppon W26I As fearful as any Wild-flre youre better advyses. 1546 Heywood D 101.45: al420 Lydgate Troy III 695.4456: Ferful of loke I was wedded unto my wyll, 1562 E 149.12.2: as any wylde fyre. Gill is wedded to wyll. Oxford 698; Tilley W392. W262 To come like (the) Wild-flre al400 Titus 35.755-6: The dome shall come W267 To take the Will (intent) for the deed with grete ire, As a theef that steleth, or wilde- (varied) fuyre. al475 Ludus Coventriae 289.531-2: As al400 Scottish Ugends II 258.1223-4: And in thank tak my gud wil. Sene I no mare ma do viride íyre and thondyr blast He cam cryeng on to me. al500 haste 213.200-1: He came rydynge thare til. al415 Lanterne 122.11-2: This wille is countid for a dede. c l 4 1 5 Middle English on a jolye coursyer, Dryvinge by leapes, as the Sermons 201.27-8: God loketh more to herte wylde fyer. Taylor and Whiting 402. and what mans will is than to the dede in ittselfe. al425 Contemplations in Yorkshire Writers Will, sb. II 91[6-7]: God . . . receyveth that wyll as for W263 He oftentimes wants his Will that thinks dede, [22-3]: His good wyll shall be acounted foolishly before god as for dede. al438 Kempe 204.1-3: al533 Berners Arthur 263[ll-3]: There is an Thu xalt have the same mede and reward in olde prove(rb) that sayeth, oftentymes he Hevyn for this good willys and thes good desyrys wanteûi of hys wyll that folysshely thynketh. as gyf thu haddist don hem in dede, 212.21-2: See F448. I receyve every good wyl as for dede. 1447 Bokenham 252.9268-71: God . . . Wych in every W264 Much of his Will abides (remains) that thyng more attendaunce Takyth to the entent may thole (suffer) well (varied) than to the deed, с1450 Consail and Teiching c l 2 5 0 Hendyng О 199.41: Muchel of his wille 74.294: The wyll Is reput for the deid. cl475 abit, that wel may tholien, cl325 H 298.248: Wisdom 43.221: Wyll, for dede oft ys take. Wei abit that wel may tholye. a1400 Proverbis 1489 Caxton Doctrinal D2''[26]: For the wyll of Wysdom 246.100: Suffere and have thy will. parfait is reputed for the dede. cl500 Melusine c l 4 5 0 Bühler MS. 21 in Studies in Medieval 371.30-1: For in som cas the good wylle of a Literature in Horwr of Albert C. Baugh, ed.

Will

642

W268

man is accepted for the dede. 1519 Horman though will wo wyn. Apperson 687; Oxford Vulgaria 179 [28]: I prey you consider my good 710; Tilley W397. wyll, nat the thynge. aI533 Berners Castell Will, vb. D3^'[7-9]: Take . . . my desyre and not my power. 1533 More Debellacyon 959 D[l]: Taketh W275 He that Will not when he may, may not their willes for their dedes. Apperson 687; when he will (varied) Oxford 709; Taylor and Whiting 402; Tilley alOOO Pseudo-Alcuin 388.430-3: Nu sceal aelc W393. See G83, 150, 51. man efsten, {laet he to gode gecerre [за hwile )5e he muge, [)e-laeste, gyf he nu nelle J>a hwile J)e W268 When Will oversties (surmounts) Wit, he muge, eft J>one he wyle, he ne maeig (Another then Will and Wit are lost (varied) MS., С.14 only, in Archiv 122[1909] 259.49-51: с 1250 Will and Wit in Brown Lyrics XIII Nu-Jja sceal aelc mon, Jjaet he to Gode зе-сугге 65.1-2: Hwenne-so wil wit oferstieth, Thenne 1за hwile J)e he тавзе, {)e laes, 3if he nu nelle is wil and wit for-lore. al400 in Titus xxvii: {)a hwile J)e he таззе, eft [jonne he late wille, Whan wille over wyt wryes, Than gothe witle {jset he ne таезе); c l l 7 5 Poema Morale 171.35: witt byforn. Mony a man to his harme hyes, Thet wel ne deth the wdle he mai, ne sal he Than hathe wille wit forlorn. al450 Always thanne he wolde. al200 Ancrene 153.9-10: Hit try in Brown Lyrics XIV 192.20: Let noght thi is riht godes dom, that hwa ne deth hwen ha wille passe thi witte. cl450 Epistle of Othea mei, ne schal ha hwen ha walde, 173.28-1: Ah 92.11: Lett never thi wyll overcome thi wytte. ofte him liheth the wrench, that he ne mei с 1450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.39: Lett hwen he wule, the naide tha he mahte. cl303 never thi wyll thi wytt over-lede. al500 Eger Mannyng Handlyng 159.4795-7: Hyt ys seyd al H 261.1305: Let not your will over-gang your day, for thys skyl, "He that wyl nat whan he wit. al500 Sone, y schal thee schewe in Fumivall may, He shal nat, when he wyl." al325 Cursor Babees Book 34.7: Lete nevere thi wil thi witt III 1360.23815-6: For qua ne dos noght quen he over lede. 1513 Skelton Against the Scottes I mai, Quen he wald, men sal nick him nai. al325 185.102: Your wyll than ran before your wyt. Hendyng С 190-1.46: Wo se nel, wan he mai, Whiting Drama 298. Cf. Apperson 699: Wit (10); he ne seel nouth, wan he wolde. cl390 Cato (Vernon) 608.613-6: Так what thing the profred Oxford 720. See W408, 419. is Whon thou maight redi have; He that nul W269 Will has more might than force in battle not whon he may, Ofte hath not whon he wol al439 Lydgate Fall 111 1014.3363: Wyl hath crave. al393 Cower CA II 341.1498-501: Bot more myght than force hath in bataylle. See what Maiden hire esposaile Wol tarie, whan M801. sehe take mai. Sehe schal per chance an other W270 Will is a good son and will is a shrewd dai Be let, whan that hire lievest were. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 160.15-7: For oft men seien boy on olde Englisch, he that wil noughth whan 1546 Heywood D 45.133: Will is a good sonne, he may, he schal noughth whan he wolde. al400 and will is a shrewde boy. Oxford 709. Ipcnnadon A 135.4694-5: Foole, when thou W271 Will is a stepmother of wit and reason myghte, thou wold not. Now thow wylt, now al439 Lydgate Fall II 440.3980: Wil is a stepshalt thou not, 152.5287-8: But they, that woll mooder of witt and of resoun. not, when they maye. They shall not, when they wolde. cl400 Laud Troy 1 174.5901-6: For 1 W272 Will is no law have herd offte say, That he that wil not whan c l 4 4 0 Lydgate Debate in MP 11 561.524-5: he may. When he wolde, he getis it noght. Will is no lawe whethir it be wrong or riht: Then hit were ful faire be-sought. Som tyme Treuthe is put doun, the feeble is put to fliht. as good hap nere, That comes not ones In sevene yere. 1422 Yonge Covernaunce 161.30-3: W273 Will is no skill A Poete Sayth, Qui non wit dum quid. Postea c l 4 5 0 And ther for ye lordingis in MLR forte nequibit, that is to say, "who so will not 47(1952) 375.8: For wil is no skil with out good whan he may, he shal not when he wille." resoun. c l 5 1 6 Skelton Magnificence 6.148: But al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 371.13691-3: But have ye not herde say that Wyll is no Skyll? "who that wyl nat whan he may, He ys a fool, c l 5 4 5 Heywood Four PP B2^[3]: What helpeth (yt is no nay,) And he ne shal nat whan he wyll where is no skyll? wolde." cl450 Camb. Univ. MS. Ее 4.37 f.2b in W274 Will will have will though will win woe Brovm-Robbins 1173: He that will not when he 1546 Heywood D 45.132: Wyll wyll have wyll.

W279

643

may. When he will he shall have nay. c l 4 5 0 Douce MS.S2 57.144: Who-so wylle not, when he may, He shall not, when he wylle. c l 4 5 0 Jacob's Well 22.9-11: Whanne I myghte have don penaunce, thanne wolde I noght, and now, thowgh 1 wolde, I may noght. c l 4 5 0 Pilgrimage LM 10e[21-2]: He is a fool that doth not whan he may for he shal not when he wolde. с 1450 Rylands MS.394 108.17. c l 4 7 5 Henryson Robene 153.89-92: Robene, thow hes hard soung and say, In gestis and storeis auld. The man that will nocht quhen he may Sail half nocht quhen he wald. c l 4 7 5 Rawlinson MS. D 328 117.3: He that wylnot whan he may a schall not whan he w^ll. 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio 03''[20-2]: The condicyon or disposicyon of wymen is whan a man will, thei will not. And whan a man will not, than thei desyre moste. 1489 Caxton Doctrinal Ι.10"·[3-4]: He that wyl not whan he may he shall not whan he wold, a1500 Marginal note in Ludus Coventriae xxxvi 151: Wee that will not when we paie (for maie), when we would we shall find nay. al500 MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 228 n.®: He that wyll not whan he maye, Whan he wolde, he shall have naye. 1546 Haywood D 22.1-2: He that will not whan he may. Whan he would, he shall have nay, 39.147-8: When we wold, ye wold not be our childe (quoth shee) Wherfore now whan ye wold, now will not wee, 1555 E 148.7. Apperson 292; Kneuer 48-9; Oxford 710; Schleich 268-9; Singer 111 136-7; A. Taylor in Studies in Old English Literature in Ногюг of Arthur G. Brodeur, ed. Stanley В. Greenfield (Eugene, Oregon, 1963) 155-61; Tilley N54; Walther IV 227.24417; Whiting Ballad 24, Scots II 96. See A53, F540, G359, S360, 553. W276 Who may not as he Will must as he may 1556 Heywood Spider 368[23]: Yet who maie not as he will, must as he maie. Whiting Drama 260.

Wily

St Bernard 512.16: Woltou niltou. cl330 Orfeo 15.154: Wold ich nold ich. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 136.3877: Wold he, ne wolde, 376.10772: Wold he, nold he. cl340 Rolle Psalter 227 (65.10): Whedire we wild or we wild not. 1340 Ayenbite 139[21]: Wille he nolle he. al376 Piers A vii 144: Wol thou so nulle thou (B vi 158: Wiltow or neltow, С ix 153: Wolle thou, ne wolle thow). aI387 HigdenTrevisa VIII 141[13]: Wilt thou nelt thou. al387 Piers С xxii 466: Wol he, nul he. cl390 Chaucer CT I1[B] 917: Wher-so she wolde or nolde. al400 Alexander С 10.301: Nyll he so will he. al400 Ancrene (Recluse) 51.17: Nyll he ne will he, 95.12: Nylle we ne wil we. c l 4 0 0 Brut I 79.24: Wolde he nolde he. c l 4 0 0 Laud Troy I 152.5142: Nolde or wolde—Troyle yede, II 517.17560: Wil thow, nele thow. c l 4 0 0 Vices and Virtues 184.25: Now thei willen, now thei nollen. al415 Mirk FesHal 84.22. al425 Ipomadon В 296.1486: Wilthow, nyllthow. al425 Si. Robert 53.370, 67.812. cl425 Arderne Fistula 101.1. cl425 Foundation of St Bartholomew's 39.2. c l 4 2 5 Orcherd 34.22, 394.1. cl425 Si. Mary Oignies 163.37: Wolde deth or nolde. c l 4 4 0 Prose Alexander 88.22. c l 4 4 3 Pecock Reule 405[32-3]: Wole thei nyle thei, cl445 Donet 148.10. 1447 Bokenham 251.9249: Wylt thou or nylt. c l 4 4 9 Pecock Repressor I 52[18], 98[31], II 428[32-3]. cl450 Capgrave Katharine 111.521. c l 4 5 0 Speculum Christiani (2) 68.1. al470 Malory I 18.20, 398.33-4, II 593.31-2, 1003.6. c l 4 7 5 Gregory Chronicle 238[25-6]. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 126[22], 1483 Golden Legende 165''[1.38-9], 1484 Royal Book R6''[19], и Г [ 2 1 ] . 1489 Govemayle Α1^·[22]. c l 4 9 3 Saint Katherin of Senis 50.33. al500 Coventry Plays 50.568. al500 Disciplina Clericalis 40[18]: Whether she wold or nold, 71 [33]: Wold he nold he. Apperson 688; Taylor and Whiting 403; Tilley W401; Whiting Drama 370:948, Scots II 154-5. See B453.

W278 A Willow full of green leaves has many W277 Will he nill he cl200 Halt Meidenhad 40.434: Wullen ha, nullen worms within ha, 44.464: Wulle ha, nulle ha. cl250 Hendyng al430 Lydgate Pilgrimage 409.15177-81: By О 191.4[5]: Niltou, wiltou, 195.23[4]: Nilli, exaumple, ys ofEte sene, Som whilwh ful off Willi, 198.37[4]: Wille thei, nille thei. al300 levys grene, Wych hath ful many werm withAlisaunder 131.2313: Wil he, nyl he, ded he is. Inne, That fro the herte wyl nat tvvynne Tyl c l 3 0 0 Beves 161.3439: Wolde he, nolde he. they conswme yt everydel. cl450 Pilgrimage c l 3 0 0 Gui/i 34 A 578: Wiltow, niltow, 372 A LM 128[2-3]: Many a wilowh is ofte clothed 7109: Wille у so nille. c l 3 0 0 Speculum Gy with faire leves that is with inne al holowh and 14.272: Wheither theih wolen, or theih nelle. al ful of Wörmes. See A155. сХЗОЗ Mannyng Handlyng 266.8436: Wyltou, neltou. al325 Cursor III 1356.23728: Nil we, W279 "Ware that!" quod Wily wil we (T: Wol we or nyl). cl325 Sayings of c l 4 7 5 Wisdom 55.606-7: To be fais, men report

Wily

w2ao

644

yt game: Yt ys clepyde wysdom: "Ware that!" W290 As fast as the Wind 1509 Watson Ship Hl^[8]: Kenneth as faste as quod Wyly. the wynde. 1525 Berners Froissart IV 207[28-9]: W280 Wily will beguile himself I came as fast as the wynde, or faster. Whiting cl475 Henryson Fables 69.1997 (υατ.)·. Wyly NC 497. wil beguile himselfe. Apperson 501; Oxford 710; Tilley W406. W291 As fickle as the Wind cl390 Talkyng 18.5: Fikelore then the vi^nt. W281 Be your Wimple never so yellow you Tilley W412. will go to bed as naked as you were bom alSOO Cotton Cleopatra MS. С vi in Rei. Ant. W292 As fierce as Wind II 15: Ne be thi winpil nevere so jelu ne so 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 46.54: And to the toun stroutende, Ne thi faire tail so long ne so trag- spurris als ferss as wynd. Whiting Scots II 155. ende, That tu ne schalt at evin al kuttid bilevin. And tou schalt to bedde gon so nakid as tou W293 As light as (the) Wind al200 Ancrene 74.5: Lihtre then the wind is. were (borin). al425 Lyfe of Adam in Archiv 74(1885) 345 W282 It is little Win (/oa cumaö to eow on sceapa gegyrelum, ac hig beoö innane reafigende wulfas. al200 Ancrene 36.8-9: For monie cumeth to ow ischrud mid lombes fleos, and beoth wedde wulves. c l 3 9 5 WBible Matthew vii 15: Be ye war of fais prophetis, that comen to you in clothingis of scheep, but withynneforth thei ben as wolves of raveyn. al400 Romaunt С 6259-62: Whoso took a wethers skyn. And wrapped a gredy wolf theryn. For he shulde go with lambis whyte, Wenest thou not he wolde hem bite? al400 Scottish Legends I 472.504-6: Bot yet he Wykyt wolfe wes withinne, And heylyt in a lameskine, II 135.378: Bet he is wolf in lamskine hyd. al400 Wyclif Sermons I 140[7-8]; Yvel wolvys ben religieuse, that Crist seith in Mathew's gospel, ben wolvys ravyshinge, alyif thei comen in sheepis clothis. cl415 Middle English Sermons 295.22-3: Then comys forth a vmlfe oute of lambes skynne. cl425 Orcherd 286.17-8. al437 Kingis inum weorcum. aI200 Ancrene 162. 16-7: Ah schulen the wordes beon ischawet efter the Werkes. al250 Bestiary 19.592-5: He speken godcundhede, And wikke is here dede; Here dede is al uncuth With that speketh here muth. cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 132 Τ 637-8: Ac nim the to a stable mon That word and dede bi-sette con. clSOO Robert of Gloucester II 662.9326-7: In word he is god inou, and coward in dede, Slou to fighte and quic to fle, 9331: That muche wole segge and bihote, and lute ther to do, 665.9383: Mid word he thretneth muche and lute deth in dede, 706.10310: Ower dede ne шау be no wors than ower word is. al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 442.12653-4: Ther bostful wordes ar nought to seke, Ther dedes are nought worth a leke. al350 Castelford in Rolf Kaiser Medieval English (Rerhn, 1961) 373. 537-8: This Edwarde als anens his lede Was wise of worde and fole in dede. al387 Higden-Trevisa VII 489[19]: When his word is i-saide he hath idoo his dede. cl387-95 Chaucer CT I[A] 496-7: This noble ensample to his sheep he yaf. That first he wroghte, and afterward he taughte, cI390 Stedfastnesse 4-5: That word and deed, as in conclusioun, Ben nothing lyk. al393 Gower CA II 17.450-1: Betwen the word and that thei werche Ther is a full gret difference, III 368.4778-80: It is . . . of non emprise To speke a word, bot of the dede, Therof it is to taken hiede. al400 Romaunt С 6360: Unlyk is my word to my dede, 7249: And that her wordis folowe her dede. al400 Titus 140.3116: Micheli isbytwen

Word worde and dede. al405 Lydgate Floure in MP II 416.209-10: For worde and dede, that she naught ne fai, Acorde in vertue and her Werkes al, al420 Troy III 640.2600-1: For like a wynde, that no man may areste, Fareth a word, discordaunt to the dede. a1425 Metrical Paraphrase ОТ 54.15724: Aftur thi dedes thi sawes persew. cl425 Arderne Fistula 4.15-8: Wherfore seith a versiflour, "vincat opus verbum, minuit jactantia famam"; "lat werke overcome thi worde, for bosta lesseneth gode lose." 1435 Misyn Fire 28.32-3: Noght has thou bott fayre sight and fayre worde, deyde has thou none. al439 Lydgate Fall I 323.4409-10: Lat never story afftir mor recorde. That woord and deede sholde in you discorde, al449 Ballade in MP II 380.31: Of whome that worde and thought acorde in deed. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees 39.1223: Traste On the dede And nat in gay spechys, 1224: LeflF woord and tak the dede. 1450 Diets 8.14-6: A man schulde not jugee a man bi his wordis bot bi his dedis, for comonly wordis be voide bot bi dedis is knowen bothe harme and profite, 56.10-1: Preve . . . men bi their workis and not bi their wordes, 240.1-2: Ther is greet discorde bitwene his worde and his dede, 282.17-9: He is right a greete enmy of whome the deedis be feble and bittir and the wordes softe and curteise. cl450 Consail and Teiching 71.195-6: Be nocht our-changabile in thi thocht That word and deid contrary nocht. cl450 Foly ofFulys 54.71-2: Quharfore men suld do as thai say. That werk folow the word alway. cl450 Harley MS.2321 in Robbins-Cutler 1867.5: Let thy worke thy worde passe, for bost makyth thy fame lesse. cl450 In my yong age in Fumivall Hymns 38.111: If her word and werk coorde not in fere. cl450 Merlin II 486[33-4]: I preise not at a boton . . . the speche, but the dede be shewed. 1456 Hay Qovernaunce 89.33-4: A traist gude faithfull lord schawls in werk als web as in word. al460 Diets (Helmingham) 119.19-21: Worde withoute dede is lyke a grete habundaunce of watir that drowneth the men withoute doynge himself any proufite. a 1471 Ashby Policy 24.352-3: Say nat oon thyng and do the contrarie. Lete youre worde and dede be in accordance. al475 Cato (Rawlinson) 15.153: For wordis with-owte dede may lytil plesse. 1477 Rivers Dictes 94[5-6]: His dedes shal be moche discordaunt to his wordes. 1474 Caxton Chesse 103[28-30]: And that theyr dedes folowe theyr wordes. For he that sayth one thynge and doth another he condempneth hymself by his word. al483 Kay Siege [34.22-3]: To preve yf the dedys of the Rhodyans sholde accorde wyth

Words

670

W643

theyre grete wordes. 1483 Vulgaria quedam abs wepe, III 777.138-9: How that he is, whan it Terencio A6''[19-20]: I wolde thou shuldist doo commeth to nede. But word and wynd and it in dede that thou promysed in wordys. 1484 sleighti compassyng, 1420 Temple 49.1183, Caxton Aesop 250-1: Many one ben frendes of al439 Fall III 1008.3165. 1447 Bokenham wordes only but fewe ben in fayth or dede. 229.8414-5: That alle youre vrardys, wych as al500 Lovely Song of Wisdom 196.20[5-6]: wynd be, Youre thretys as flodys, youre hestys Whene worde and werke will not mete The as reyn. al449 Lydgate Freond in MP II caytefe hert recayreth agayne. al500 Proverbs 757.69-70: But at the point, adieux, al nys but of Salomon 195.7.5: If worde and werke cotrare fable. Save worde and wynde conclusion of be. al500 ?Ros La Belle Dame 309.340: The theire crede. al449 Lydgate and Burgh Secrees wordes preveth, as the workes sewe. clSOO 39.1224. al450 York Plays 280.236. cl450 Foly Fabyan 259[26]: If that his dede agayne his of Fulys 52.15-8: For word but writ as vynd wordys preche. cl500 Morgan Lib. MS. M.722 ourgais And eftir that smal prefet mais, And in Robbins-Cutler 1439.8: If worde and ded agre. wryt remanis and prentis in hart To thaim that Your fymd (assured) wyll I be. cl500 Series in sal cum eftirwart. al475 Cato (Rawlinson) Brown Lyrìcs XV 271.63: For that wurde and 15.154-5: For fele wordis, thou schalt be told. werke acordit not in fere. 1512 Copland Helyas Ful of wynd and noght goodly ben hold. al475 A7''[13-4]: Whose wordes were not accordaunte St. Birgitta 101.20. alSOO Imitatìone (1) 122.10-2: to her dedes. al513 Dunbar Dunbar at Oxinfurde What are wordes but wordes (Pwynde)? they 104.22: Giff to your sawis your deidis eontrair fleeth by the ayre, but thai hurte not a stoon. be. cl523 Barclay Mirrour 51[17]: That is when al500 Medwall Nature В3''[22]. clSOO Greene their wordes and workes well agree. 1532 Carols 443.3. 1502 Imitatione (2) 238.13-4: What Berners Golden Boke 129.628-9: Yf their plesant be wordes but wynde that fleeth in the ayre and well couched wordes agreed in effect with without hurt of any stone. 1509 Barclay Ship their warkes, 301.5999-6000: What nede wordes I 207[16]. 1518 Nevill Castell 102.659: For as it to our frendes, Whan we may succour them is sayd wordes is nothynge but wynde. Apperson with workes? 344.7398-9: He that gyveth 710-1; Oxford 729; Tilley W833; Whiting Drama counsell with wordes, may remedy with workes, 184, 194, 283, 296, Scots II 161. See W515. 396.9974-5: They that spake best wordes, are often taken with the worst dedes. 1556 Hey- W644 Words I may suffer but stripes I may not wood Spider 430[27-8]: Whose deede and his 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 107.16: Wordes I thought repungnantlie varie, His woord and his may suffre, but strypes I maye not awaye withal. thought jar likewise contrarie. Apperson 265, Cf. Apperson 711:18; Tilley W834. See W634. 710:7; Jente 202, 747; Oxford 135, 729; Tilley D333, W802, 820; Whiting Scots I 157, II 160. W645 The Words must be cousins to the deeds See D133, 281, F89, H372, S83, 574, T193, 394, 897 Alfred Boethius 101.13-6: Ic gemunde nu V33. ryhte ]3aBs wisan Platones lara suma, hu he cwae6 SsBt te se mon se бе bispell secgan wolde, ne sceolde fon on to ungelic bispell Ôasre spraece W643 Words are (Word is) but wind (varied) clOOO Aelfric Lives I 196.19: Eower word syn- {je he Sonne sprecan wolde. cl380 Chaucer don winde gelice. al200 Ancrene 65.1: Hwet is Boece iii pr. xii 205-7: The sentence of Plato word bute wind? cl300 South English Legendary that nedes the wordis moot be cosynes to the I 222.61: Word nis ayen hure bote wind. al350 thinges of whiche thei speken, cl387-95 CT Ywain 5.143: Bot word fares als dose the wind. 1[A] 741-2: Eek Plato seith, whoso that kan cl390 Fy on a faint Friend in Brown Lyrics XIV hym rede, The wordes moote be cosyn to the dede, cl390 IX[H] 207-10: The wise Plato seith, 155.4: With feire bi-heste and wordes as wynde. as ye may rede, The word moot nede accorde al393 Gower CA II 300.2768: For word is wynd. cl398 W. Paris Cristine in Horstmann Sammlung with the dede. If men shal telle proprely a 189.479-80: Thi wordis as wynde flyede too and thyng. The word moot cosyn be to the werkyng. 1410 Walton Boethius 206[10-2]. al500 Medwall froo, Bute strokes are sore ande evylle to byde. al400 Ipomadon A 222.7776-8: Wele I fynde. Nature B3''[40]: And let thy world (for word) That many wordes wastes wynde, I n o w ^ e of be cousyn to thy dede. Apperson 368; Oxford 135. See D133. them I have. al400 Scottish Legends II 360.77. 1413 God save the kyng in Kail 52.51-2: For word of wynd lityl trespase; Non harm nys don, Work, sb. though word be spoken. al420 Lydgate Troy I W646 He that begins his Work well wins a good 270.4383: Word is but wynde, and water that we end (varied)

W658

671

World

al393 Gower CA II 6.86°-8: In proverbe I have W653 What is a Workman without his tools? herd seye That who that wel his werk begynneth 1546 Heywood D 94.137: For what is a woorkThe rather a good ende he wynneth. al500 Thre man, without his tooles? 1555 E 165.115. ApPrestís 4.62: The thing begwn is the sonere person 711; Oxford 731; Tilley W859. endit. Cf. Jente 133; Tilley B254. See B204. W654 The Workman is known by his works W647 111 Work brings a man to evil end (varied) c l 4 I 0 Lovelich Merlin I 8.283: For ille werk cl385 Usk 3.69: The crafte of a werkman is bryngeth a man to evele ende. See D129, 137. shewed in the werke. 1481 Caxton Mirror 22[4-5]: Ffor by the werkys is the werkeman W648 (On)looking Works are light (easy) knowen, 1484 Aesop 121[23^]: And therfore at cl475 Henryson Fables 6.100-2: Thy cullour the werke is knowen the best and most subtyle dois bot confort to the sieht, And that is not werker. 1509 Barclay Ship I 56[15]: By his aneuch my wame to feid, For wyfis sayis, lukand warkes knowen is every creature. Tilley W860. werkis ar licht. 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 191. 115-6: Yit have I hard oft said be men na W655 The Workman is worthy of his hire (varied) clerkis, Tyll idyll folk full lycht beyn lukand clOOO WSG Matthew χ 10: Sojjlice se wyrhta ys wyrjje hys metys, Luke χ 7: SoÖlice se warkis. Whiting Scote II 161. wyrhta is his mede wyrôe. cl395 Chaucer CT W649 No Work may stand without groundwall III[D] 1972-3: The hye God, that al this world (foundation) hath wroght, Seith that the werkman worthy is al325 Cursor 1 14.125-6: Bet for-thi that na his hyre. cl395 WBible Matthew χ 10: For a were may stand Wit-outen grundwall to be werkman is worthi his mete, Luke χ 7: A werk lastand. man is worthi his hire, I Timothy ν 18. al400 W650 To run to Work as if nine men held him Pauline Epistles I Timothy ν 18. 1400 Mede 1546 Heywood D 51.345: Ye ren to woorke in and muche thank in Kail 7.40: The trewe haste as nine men helde ye. Apperson 250:29; servant is worthy hys mede. cl400 Paues 114 1 Timothy V 18: A werkman is worthi his mede. Oxford 553; Tilley M608. 1410 With god of love in Kail 39.165: The Work, vb. werkman is worthy his mede. cl430 Lydgate WeSl He that will not Work shall not eat Dance 64.536: And to eche laboure due is the salarie. 1509 Fisher Treatyse 167.33-5: The (varied) al023 Wulfetan Homilies 193.41-3: Se apostol werke man . . . is worthy to have his hyre, his . . . cwasS: Qui non vult operan пес manducet. rewarde. Oxford 347; Taylor and Whiting 212; J3aet is, se {зе nyt beon nelle, he aeniges godes Tilley L12. ne abite. al375 Octavian (S) 22.675-6: Ech man behoveth to do som dede For hys sustynaunce. W656 All the World goes by fair speech cl395 WBible II Thessalonians iii 10: If ony al500 Hill 130.11: All the world goth by fayre man wole not worche, nethir ete he. al400 speche. Omnia mundana pertrancit pulcra Paues 90 II Thessalonians iii 10: He that ne loquela. wol not trafaylen, ne ete he noght. al400 W657 He that will live in the World must suffer Pauline Epistles iii 10. al425 St. Anthony poverty as well as wealth (varied) 117.28: Ffor he fonde wretyne: "Wo so workes 1525 Berners Froissart IV 25[14-6]: It behoveth not, not sal ete." cl425 St. Mary Oignies 148.6. them that wyll lyve in this worlde, thynkynge al450 God of hefne, that sittest 415.438-9: And to have honoure, to suffre somtyme as well ydel men that loth beth to swynke. The bok hem povertie as welth, VI 345[17-8]: He that wyll forbedeth mete and drinke. al470 Parker Dives lyve in this worlde must endure somtyme trouble. S2'[2.26-8]. 1509 Barclay Ship II 186[13-4]: See R220. And wryte doth testyfy That an Idell man to ete is nat worthy. 1509 Watson Ship Aa2''[14-5]. W658 It is a World to hear (see, look, consider) Oxford 730; Taylor and Whiting 414; Tilley LIO. al450 Generydes В 71.2205: It was a world to here the sperys breke. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria W652 No Workman may work both well and 3.9: It is a worlde to se, 24.100: It is a worlde hastily to hunt the hare, 27.112: se, 39.164: se. al500 cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 1832-4: Ther nys no Assembly 397.539: loke on her visage. 1502 werkman, whatsoevere he be. That may bothe Robert the Devil Dl^[17]: se. 1515 Barclay St. werke wel and hastily; This wol be doon at George 21.289: se. cl520 Terens A7''[22]. cl523 leyser parfitly. See H168. Barclay Mirrour 65[29]: see. 1529 More Sup-

Woríd

672

plicatíon 300 H[6-7]: see, 325 F[16]: see, 1533 Answer 1090 F[ll]: se, 1123 E[6]: consider. Confutación 530 E[2]: see, 615 C[4-5]: see, Θ85 B[4-5], 796 E[9]: se, 802 H[5]: see, 1534 Comforte 1222 C[l]: see, Passion 1304 G[5-6]: marke and consider. 1534 Heywood BS 251.45: see. Apperson 711-2; Oxford 732; Tilley W878. We59 Let the World pass (wag) al460 Toumeley Vlays 120.120: Whoso couthe take hede and lett the warld pas. al500 Lady of Pite in MLR 49(1954) 291.43: But Mastresse, as for my part let the world wag. с1522 Skelton Spefce II 6.90: But moveature terra, let the world wag. cl525 PHeywood Gentylnes 123.1010: I wyll let the world wagg. Apperson 360-1; Oxford 732; Taylor and Whiting 414; Tilley W879; Whiting Drama 371:963, Scots II161. See W668.

W659 worldis weele. For it farith but as a cherifaire. cl455 Speculum Misericordie 942.72: This worlde is but a cherie feyre. с1465 As I fared in Sandison 116.22: For as a fayre this world doth fare. cl475 Mankind 9.226-7: Remembur, my frende, the tyme of contynuancel So helpe me Gode! yt ys but a chery tyme! al500 Greene Carols 371.6: Thys world is butt a chery-fare. al500 Lament of the Soul in Brown Lyrics XV 251.22: No sertayne butt a chery fere full of woo. cl500 Farewell in Brown Lyrics XV 236.8: This lyfe, I see, is but a cheyre feyre. 1506 Kalender 66.13: For thys worlde is but a chery fayre, 25, Θ7.3, 15, 27. 1520 Whittinton Vulgaria 82.10-1: Theyr tyme is but a chery feyre. MED cheri 2(a); NED Cherry-fair; Skeat 205.

W660 One must needs do as the World does W663 This World is but a thoroughfare full of al500 Medwall Nature B2^[35-6]: Also he must woe (varied) nedys do as the worlde doth That intendeth any cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2847-8: This world nys whyle here to reygne, B4''[34-5]: Thynke that but a thurghfare ful of wo. And we been ye be here a worldly man. And must do as men pilgiymes, passynge to and fro. al439 Lydgate Fall 1 22.795: How this world is a thoruhfare that in the world dwell. See R184. ful off woo, al449 Thoroughfare in MP II Weai Take the World as it would be (goes) 822-8.6-8: To erthly pilgrymes that passen to aI400 Romaunt В 5641: And taketh the world and froo, Fortune shewith ay, by chaungyng hir as it wolde be. al450 Generydes A 66.2108: see. How this world is a thurghfare ful of woo, Take the world nou as it gootb. 1519 Horman 16, 24, etc., 828.186-91: Remembre sothly that Vulgaria 89[12]: Thou muste take this worlde I the refreyd tooke. Of hym that was in makyng aworth as it goeth. soverayne. My mayster Chaucier, chief poete of Bretayne, Whiche in his tragedyes made ful W6e2 This World is but a fair (cherry-fair) 1340 Ayenbite 76[22-3]: Vor this wordle is ase yore agoo. Declared triewly and list nat for to a fayre huer byeth manye fole chapmen. cl385 feyne. How this world is a thurghfare ful of woo. Chaucer TC ν 1840-1: And thynketh al nys but 1450 Diets 84.23: This worlde is a passage for a faire This world. cl390 Make Amends in Brown to go into the tother worlde, 156.13-4: This Lyrics XIV 199.85-6: This world nis but a chirie worlde is bot a house and a passage to go in-to feire, Nou is hit in sesun, nou wol hit slake. the tother. cl450 Idley 184.1563. 1458 Paston al393 Gower CA II 17.454-5: For al is bot a III 124[15-6]. cl480 Contemplacioun 196.246-8: chirie feire This worldes good, so as thei telle, Thinkand this warld a throughfare full of wo, III 191.890-1: And that endureth bot a throwe, Quhat ever god send blyss him ay blythlie. As Riht as it were a cherie feste. cl400 Vices arid we war pilgrimis passand to and fro. cl505 Virtues 74.34-5: For this world fareth right as More Picus 26 C[3]: Thou seest this worlde is a feyre. 1401 Treuth, reste, and pes in Kail but a thorowefare. Cf. Apperson 712:15; Oxford 14.145-6: The world is like a chery fayre, Ofte 731; R. M. Smith in MLN 65(1950) 443-7; Tilley chaungeth all his thynges. cl412 Hoccleve Rege- W883. See P201.

ment 47.1289: This lyf, my sone, is but a chirie faire. 1445 Lydgate Kalendare in MP I 370.190: W664 This World is but a vanity Commonplace Lo, now tyme passith of chyrry fayre. al450 cl450 Fortune in Life in Smith Audelay 20.280-1: Fore al the worchyp of this Book 18.92: For the wor(l)d ys but a vanite. word hit wyl wype sone away; Hit falls and cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.109-10: Behold wele and fadys forth, so doth a chere fayre. cl450 Greene see This warld is bot vanyte, 91.173: Trest to no Carols 365.4: This word, lordynges, is but a wardes vanyte. alSOO Hichecoke This Worlde farye; It faryt ryght as a neysche weye, That 332.20, 333.50. 1504 Hawes Example Bbl-'ilO], now is wet and now is dreye. cl450 How the Ee5''[16-7]. See A92, E170. Wyse Man 41.143-4: Sonne, sette not bi this W665 Thus (How) goes (fares) the World

W67J

673

World

cl385 Chaucer ТС ν 1434: Thus goth the world. ninth on wheeles. Apperson 712; Oxford 731-2; al393 Gower CA Π 20.570: Now up now down, Tilley W893. See W208. this world goth so, III 433.1738: So goth the world, now wo, now wel. al450 Partonope We71 The World's bliss (joy) lasts but a while 379.9235: This is sene all day, and so gothe (varied) the worlde. cl450 Merlin II в93[8]. 1456 Hay al300 Richard 153 var. 10-1: Lordynges, now Governaunce 101.28. 1472 Paston V 139[14-5]: thynkis in youre thoghte That the werldis blysse Send me word . . . how the world goethe, lastis bot a while. al300 Thomas de Hales 141[16-7], 154[4-5]. 1481 Caxton Reynard 69.33-6: This world fareth hwilynde—Hwenne 97[4-5]: Thus fareth the world that one goth on cumeth an-other goth; That wes bi-fore nu up and another goth doun, 112[23-4]: fareth, is bihynde, That er was leof nu hit is loth. 1484 Aesop 278[21-2]: For thus hit is of the cl340 Rolle Psalter 203 (56.9): All the joy of this world For when one cometh doune the other warld is bot as the floure of the feld. cl375 Song of Love in Brown Lyrics XIV 103.33-4: goth upward, cl489 Aymon II 542.5-6. al533 The joy that men hase sene es lyckend til the Berners Arthur 343[25-6]: So goeth the worlde; haye. That now es fayre and grene and now some to pleasure, and some to anoyaunce, Huon wytes awaye. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 2777-9: 571.16. 1546 Heywood D 54.446. Oxford 731, What is this world? what asketh men to have? 732; Whiting Drama 371:961. Now with his love, now in his colde grave Alione, withouten any compaignye, TC iii W666 To have the World at will al387 Piers С xiii 227-8: That chafaren as chap- 1636-7: For worldly joie halt nought but by a men and chiden bote thei wynne, And haven wir. That preveth wel it brest al day so ofte, the worlde at here wil other-wyse to lyve. Tilley V 1748-9: Swich is this world, whoso it kan byholde: In ech estât is litel hertes reste, cl390 W869. CT I[A] 3428: This world is now ful tikel, W667 To hop (dance) while the World will pipe sikerly, II[B] 1133-4: Joye of this world, for tyme cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3876: We hoppen alwey wol nat abyde; Fro day to nyght it changeth whil the world wol pype. al475 Vision of Phili- as the tyde. cl390 God man and the devel bert 25[4]: I wylle dance whylle the world wylle 343.566-8: Worldes wele is wonderful; Wel may pype. 1546 Heywood D 78.22: That to daunce I seyn, Lyk the se that floweth: And ebbeth after her pipe, I am ny led. Apperson 134; Jente a-geyn; Ther nis no sikemesse: In this worldes 557; Oxford 128-9; Tilley M488. See P222. won. cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narrationes (Vernon) 266.434-8: Ffor i seo this world over W668 To make the World wag gas, I seo this world is so chaungable. That nout cl475 Henryson Fables 32.839-40: And thair that is ther Inne is stable: Ffor now is mon in he hard ane busteous Bugili blaw, Quhilk, as he gret pouste, And now pore and Meseise is he. thocht, maid all the warld to waig, Testament al393 Gower CA II 377.2806: Ther mai no 111.195-6: Ane home he blew, with mony worldes joie laste, III 360.4472-3: And thenke bosteous brag, Quhilk all this warld with weir hou ther be joies none Upon this Erthe mad to hes maid to wag. Whiting Scots II 161. See laste, 447.2259-64: I se the world stonde evere W659. upon eschange, Nou wyndes loude, and nou the weder softe; I mai sen ek the grete mone change. W6e9 To the World's end al350 Ywain 88.3310: Fra hethin to the And thing which nou is lowe is eft alofte; The werldes ende. cl395 Chaucer CT 1I1[D] 1454-5: dredfull werres into pes fulofte Thei tome. Right so fare I, for ryde wolde I now Unto cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 2055-6: But worldly the worldes ende for a prey e. a1400 Floris joye may nat alwey dure To Januarie, ne to no 78.330: Thaugh it were to the worldes ende. creature. al400 In Weal in Pol. Rei. and Love cl450 Merlin 157[25-6]: A thinge as shall endure Poems 256: In die bonomm non inmemor sis to the worldes ende. cl485 Mary Magdalene malorum. Yn time of wele thenk on thi wo. For (Digby) 75.544. cl500 King Hart 112.16, 115.26. the wele of this world wole sone go. cl400 Now all men in Owst Literature 530[l-2]: Now all 1513 Douglas Aeneid IV 169.158. Tilley J78. men mowe sen be me. That wor(l)dys Joye is W670 The World runs (goes) on wheels vanyte. cl412 Hoccleve Regement 3.47-9; Alias! cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 2.1: But nowe the worlde wher is this worldis stabilnesse? Heer up, heer rennyth upon another whale. clSOO Wife Lapped doun; heer honour, heer repreef; Now hool, now 201.531: Nay, nay, deare mother, this world goeth seek; now bounte, now myscheef, 26.705-7: О on wheeles. 1546 Heywood D 81.33: The world

World

674

W672

lord! this world unstabyl is, and unsad. This sone. For this warld is bot a blome. cl450 Idley 161.152-4: This worlde is not stable in oon world hunurith nat mannes persone Ffor him self, sone, but for good alione, 104.2866-7: And stacion; Now well, now woo, now Joye, now that this worldis joye is transitorie. And the grevaunce: It is the worldis kynde thus to be in trust on it slippir and fallible. al415 Mirk variaunce. cI450 Proverbs of Good Counsel 69.25: This world ys mutabyll, so saythe sage. Festial 9.29: I se the well of thys world nys but al460 Towneley Plays 100.10-1: Thus this Warld, a floure. al420 Lydgate Troy III 848.2638: In as I say, farys on ylk syde, Ffor after oure play worldly Joie is no sikemesse. cI422 Hoccleve com sorows unryde. cl460 Take Good Heed Complaint 95.9-10: That stablenes in this worlde 206.14: For thei be double in wirking, as the is there none; There is no thinge but chaunge worlde gos. aI475 Ashby Dicta 54.258-9: So this and variaunce, 99.116-8: Who so that takethe hede ofte may se This worldis change and world is not certeine ne stable, But whirlyng a bowte and mutable. 1481 Caxton Godeffroy mutabilité In sondry wyse. Dialog 119.258-9: 189.20-1: Thus goon the chaunges and muWhan al is doon al this worldes swetnesse At tacions of the world. al500 Colkelbie 295.440-3: ende tometh in-to bittimesse. aI425 Metrical Lo such is this warldis glore. Now law, now he, Paraphrase ОТ 75.16455-6: How that this werld Nothing stable we se In this warld of variance. wuns ever in were Fro wo to wele, fro wele to wo. al437 Lydgate That Now is Hay in MP alSOO Harley MS. 2321 in Rei. Ant. I 208[13-4]: Put not in this world to much trust, The riches II 809.1-6: Ther is full lytell sikemes Here in whereof will tume to dust. alSOO Leconfield this worlde but transmutación . . . Nowe ryche, Proverbs 475[9-10]: In erthly thynges there is now pore, now haut, now base, al439 Fall I no surete. For unstabill and transitory they be, 59.2152-3: What worldli joie may heer long 480[18]: The worlde variethe every day. al500 endure. Or wher shal men now fynde stabilnesse? 83.3017: But who may truste on any worldli 0 man more 395.54: The worlde is false and thyngi al449 Amor in MP II 747.81-2: The ever wasse. al500 Wold God that men 9[13-5]: world unsure, fortune is variable, Booth right Thys warlde ys varyabyll, Nothyng therin ys friendly founde in prospérité. Deus in MP I stable, Asay now ho so wyll. clSOO Fabyan 11.43-4: All oder worldely weele y wyll dispice 281[28]: The worlde is transytory. 1504 Hawes That floweth oft, and ebbeth as the floode, DieExample Aa5''[24]: This worlde is transytory, tary in MP II 706.152: No worldly joie lastith Ff2''[18]. al5I3 Dunbar None may Assure 44-6.5: her but a while. Fabula in MP II 503.515: This For in this warld may non assure, 10, 15, etc. world is ful chaungable, 505.582-3: But I knowe 1513 Douglas Aeneid III 239.75: And how weel, who trustith on the (world) moost, Shal instabili was all warldis chance. 1515 Barclay be deceyved, whan he to the hath neede, Freond St. George 60.1381: And erthly welth is frayle in MP II 755.7: The worlde is divers, ffortune is and transytory. 1523 Berners Froissart III chaungyng, Testament in MP I 336.205-6: The 321[18]: The fortunes of the worlde are nothynge world unstable, now ebbe, nowe is flood, Ech stable, 1525 VI 375[3-5]: This worlde is nothyng, thyng concludyng on mutabilité. Thoroughfare the fortunes therof are marveylous, and somtyme in MP II 826.128: Stabilnesse is founde in tourne as well upon kinges and princes, as upon nothyng, Timor in MP II 831.108: The wourld poore men. Oxford 731, 732; Tilley J90, W871, is chaungeable as the moone, Tyed with a Lyne 897, 903; Whiting Drama 127, 163, Scots I 194, in MP II 834.57-9; The world unsure, contrary II 162. See B154, C114, F108, G102, 156, 330, al stablenesse, Whos joye is meynt ay with 338, N154, P267, 422, R119, T144, 161. adversite; Now light, now hevy, now sorwe, now gladnes, World in MP II 844-7.8: Exsperience shewith the wourld is varyable, 16, W672 The World turns as a ball al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.33: The world 24, etc. al449 Lydgate and B u r ^ Secrees tumythe, as a ball. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.35. 41.1288: Ffor worldly Joye lastith here but a Tilley W901. whyle. al450 Barlam arid Josaphat (South English Legendary) 117.135-42: Triste me ne may To this false world that chaungeth ech day . . . This W673 As naked as a Worm (varied) al349 Rolle Meditations in Allen R. Rolle 21.55: world is unstedfast, ffor al thing faryth so, 125.437-8: Thu seyst that this world tomyth up Nakyd OS a worm. cl395 Chaucer CT IV[E] 880: Lat me nat lyk a worm go by the weye. so doun; Nou mon is in feld, and now he is in al400 PChaucer Rom. A 454: For nakid as a toun. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 90.125: This warldis worm was she. al475 Ludus Coventriae 25.291: joyes passes sone, 135-6: Hafe done and com 1 walke as werm with-outyn wede. cl475 Gregory

W691

675

Chronicle 211[3]: Nakyd as a worme. Apperson 436; Oxford 442.

Wot fell, we could have but a naie. Apperson 713; Tilley W916.

W674 As vile as a Worm W683 Provide for the Worst while the best 1479 Rivers Cordyal 15.2: As vile as a worme. save(s) itself 1546 Heywood D 26.18: To provyde for the W675 To be Worm's food (meat) woorst, whyle the best it selfe save, 1555 E cl400 Now all men in Owst Literature 530[8]: 191.260: Provyde for the woorst, the best wyll To wyrmes mete now am I take. cl430 Lydgate save it selfe. Apperson 515; Oxford 522; Tilley Dance 74.640: That wormes fode is fyne of owre lyvynge. al450 In the seson in Archiv 167 (1935) W913.

30[3] et passim: Now turned to wormes mete W684 The Worst is behind and corrupcoun. 1479 Rivers Cordyal 12.19-20: 1546 Heywood D 64.70: The woorst is behynd, And their flessh (is) delyvered for wormes mete, 1555 E 170.138. Apperson 713; Oxford 733; Tilley 18.25-6, 19.21-2, 23.11. 1483 Quatuor Sermones W918. See B265. 28[17-8]: After thyn ende thou shalt be but wormys mete. 1484 Caxton Royal Book Sl''[8]: W685 The Worst is ever for to doubt (to be (Man is) mete to wormes after his deth, 1487 feared) Book of Good Manners G7''[15]: A man is . . . cl400 Cower Peace III 485.138: For everemor wormes mete. 1495 Medytacyons of saynt the Werste is forto doute. al500 Medwall Nature Bemarde A8''[l]: Rotten caryon and meete to Hl''[8-9]: I dout and drede The wurst as wyse wormes, ΒΙ'β]: At the last meete to wormes men do. Tilley W912. to gnawe on, [14-5, 25], ВГ[4-5]. cl500 О mortali mon in Lydgate Fall IV 65: Remembr, W68e Hot Worts make hard crusts soft mon, thow art but wormes mete. 1509 Watson cl450 Rylands MS.394 94.4.16: Hoote wortes Ship иГ[13-4]: Your bodyes . . . the whiche is make harde crustes nesche. Mollificant olera but wormes mete. Apperson 712. durissima fervida crusta. al500 Burlesques in Rei. Ant. I 82.1Ц1-3]: Mollificant olera durissima W676 To have a wild Worm in one's head crusta. Fryndis this is to saye to your lewde al500 Medwall Nature F2''[23]: The wylde worm undurstandyng, that hoote wortes (erased) crusstes makeyn sofft hard wortes. al500 Hill ys com into hys hed. Cf. Tilley W907. 132.37: Whote wortis make softe crustis. ApperW677 To wend (turn) like a Worm son 315; Tilley W920; Walther II 913.15014a. al200 Lawman II 327.17912-3: That ofte he hine wende, Swulc hit a wurem weore. W687 No Wort grows that may ever uphold life cl250 Proverbs of Alfred 88-90 Τ 161-4: Nis no W678 To wind {writhe) like a Worm clOOO Aelfric Homilies I 414[17-8]: He wand wurt woxen On wode no on felde That evure mughe The lif up-helden. jDa swa swa wurm. W679 Tread a Worm on the tail and it will turn W688 To hack as small as Worts to pot again cl450 Creene Carols 457.5: And yyt he hakkyt 1546 Heywood D 69.111: Tread a woorme on hem (musical notes) smallere than wortes to the the tayle, and it must tume agayne, 1555 E pot. See F270. 150.25. Apperson 712; Oxford 669; Taylor and W689 Worthiness after death is but a wind Whiting 414-5; Tilley W909. al420 Lydgate Troy III 618-9.1871-2: For worthines, aAer deth I-blowe, Is but a wynde, W680 One oft buys Worship dearly cl400 Alexander Buik II 221 cant. 4147-8: and lasteth but a throwe. For men worship byis oft dere. And purchessis W690 Worthiness will not be had but it be oft pryse in places sere. sought W681 Worship is better than the full womb cl400 Sowdone 27.923-6: For worthynesse wole cl450 Douce MS.52 48.49: Better is worship not be hadde. But it be ofte sough te, Ner then the full wombe. cl450 Rylands MS.394 knyghthode wole not be hadde, Tille it be dere 98.8. See N12. boghte. W682 If the Worst fell we could have but a W691 One Wot (knows) what he wot though "nay" he make few words 1546 Heywood D 53.397: That if the woorst 1546 Heywood D 86.213: But I wot what 1 wot,

Wound

676

though I few woordes make. Apperson 714; Oxford 344; Tilley K173.

W692 les he hathe. cl495 Arundel Vulgaria 59.250: He that wyl be vengyde on every wroth, the longer he lyveth the lesse he hath. aI500 Hill 140.112: He that will venge every wreth, the longer he levith, the lesse he hath. Tilley W944. See W718.

W692 Better the Wounds of him that loves than the kisses of him that hates (varied) cl395 WBible Proverbs xxvii 6: Betere ben the viOundis of hym that loveth, than the gileful cossis of hym that hatith. cl523 Barclay Mirrour W699 Never Wrath so great but a woman may 21[41-2]: For much better it is, to bide appease it a frendes anger then a foes kisse, 75[34-5]: al533 Berners Arthur 435[23-4]: There was Better to be blamed of frende that faythfull is, never so grete wrath, but a woman may appease Then of a flattering foo to have Judas kisse, it. See M388. 78[17-9]: And certes it is better sharpe wordes W700 When Wrath begins then comes umbraid and unldnde To suffer of a frende spoken for (upbraiding) good intent, Then of a foo to have fayre speche al338 Mannyng Chronicle A I 281.7999-8000: and fraudulent. Apperson 238:9; Tilley F727. When wrathe bygynneth, then cometh umbreyd; See F628. Al that men wot, ys then forth seyd. W693 A fresh Wound is lighter to heal than a W701 When Wrath reigns reason cannot long festered abide 1422 Yonge Governaunce 161.34-5: Lyghtyre is 1509 Barclay Ship I 184[17-8]: For where that a fressh wounde to hele, than a festrid. Apperwrath doth rayne with his furours, There can son 273: green; Oxford 266-7; Tilley W927; no reason nor wysedome longe abyde, cl5I5 Whiting Drama 247, Scots II 162. See We95. Eclogues 160.563: When wrath is moved, then reason hath no might. See 154, 62. W694 A great Wound behooves (needs) a great leechdom W702 When Wrath walls (boils) within the a900 Bede 350.20: Micel wund behofaÖ mieles heart there is no right doom laecedomes. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 103: al200 Ancrene 64.10-1: Hwil the heorte walleth Disease. inwith of wreaththe, nis ther na riht dom. W695 A green Wound is but game W703 Wrath benims (takes away) man's rede al450 God of hefne, that sittest 411.217-9: Ffor cl250 Owl 80.940-1: An wiste wel on hire men seyen in olde speche, Grene wounde nys thohte, The wraththe binimeth monnes red. bote game, And ole synne maketh newe schame. cl390 Cato (Vernon) 577.299-300: Wraththe See W693. destruyeth monnes wit, Whon soth may not W696 It is hard to heal a Wound that is oft beo seiyene. Cf. Oxford 10: Anger and haste. broken See 152. al400 Cleansing 93.3-4 (£58^-59^): Ffor harde W704 Wrath has made many a worthy man be hit is to heele a wounde that is ofte broken. held for fools aI425 Mirk Instructions 45.1465-6: So öfter a cl450 Merlin II 500[28-9]: Wrath hath many a wounde ys 1-cot The worse to hele hyt nede be worthi man and wise made to be holde for mot. cl450 Jacob's Well 189.9-10: A wounde foles, while the rage endureth. See 154. or a sore often hurte is ful hard to makyn hole. "Vulnus iteratum tardius sanatur. Kate O. W705 Wrath is a woodship (madness) Petersen Sources of the Parson's Tale (Radcliffe al200 Ancrene 64.3-4: Ira furor brevis est. College Monographs 12, 1901) 26[1.7]. Wreaththe is a wodschipe, al400 (Recluse) 50.11-2: Wraththe is a wodeschip that tumeth W697 After great Wrath love is the more man in to beeste. Apperson 10; Oxford 10; Tilley сХЗОО Robert of Gloucester I 92.1265-6: And A246; Walther II 600.12856, 602.12864. See 154. god wole that men ofte be in wraththe and in sore, That after hor grete wraththe hor love W706 Wrath leads shame in a leash be the more. See A129, S399, V9. 1477 Rivers Dictes 59[18-9]: Wrath ledeth shame in a lese. See 153. W698 He that will wreak (venge) him of every W707 Wrath said never well (varied) Wrath, the longer he lives the less he hath cl450 Fyrst thou sal 88.19-20: He that wreke al393 Gower CA II 248.835: For Wraththe hym of evere wrathe. The langer he lyfes the seide nevere wel. cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.104:

Ш20

677

Wype

For wrethe says alway ylle. 1487 Paston VI W715 To (a) Wretch is consolation to have an100[12-3]: But wrathe seyd never well. Smith other fellow in his pain (varied) 219; Tilley N307. cl385 Chaucer TC i 708-9: Men seyn, "to wrecche is consolacioun To have another felawe W708 After the Wren has veins men shall let in hys peyne." al393 Gower CA II 137.260-4: her blood For evere upon such aventure It is a confort, as cl350 Good Wife E 166.110: After the wrenne men sein, 'Го him the which is wo besein To had veines thou schalt leten here blod. Apperson sen an other in his peine. So that thei bothe 714-5. Cf. Taylor and Whiting 34. mai compleigne. cI395 Chaucer CT VIII[G] W709 Liever (rather) the Wren run about the 746-8: For unto shrewes joye it is and ese To shock (group of sheaves) than (know) fiddle have hir felawes in peyne and disese. Thus was I ones lerned of a clerk. cI440 Charles of playing or flute craft al325 Le Traité de Walter de Bibbesworth, ed. Orleans 63.1855-7: For wrecchis whiche that Annie Owen (Paris, 1929) 114, var. 755-8: Levere are in thought heve As doth hit them a gret is the wrenne Abouten the scholke renne Than tranquyllite To have a felawe lyve with them in the flthel draut Other the floute craf (French: payne. al449 Lydgate Evil Marriage in MP II Car de alcies meuz vaut a restel Ki vironer en 457.20-1: Them-silf rejoysyng both at eve and un beau trestel, Ki un beau treste de la viele). morowe To have a ffelowe to lyve with them in sorowe. 1509 Barclay Ship II 236[26-8]: A W710 The Wren is our Lady's hen prysoner lyenge longe in payne and wo Hath al508 Skelton Phyllyp 1 69.600-1: To treade consolacion and great confort certayne To have the prety wren That is our Ladyes hen. Tilley many mo be partnes of his payne. Apperson W936. 110; Jente 363; Oxford 106; Skeat 152; Smith 30, 265; Taylor and Whiting 246; Tilley C571. W711 To spum (trip) with one's ovra Wrench (trick) сХЗОО South English Legendary II 526.320: And W716 A Wretch draws to wretches atte laste hi schulle spume raid here owe cl390 God man and the devel 333-4.187-8: A wrecche sone wol he ben. To wrecches he wrenche. See S848, 950, T534. draweth, as alle men sen. See L272. W712 For every Wrenk (trick) to have a wile cl475 Henryson Fables 69.1987: For everie W717 Only Wretchedness has no enemy wrink, forsuith, thow hes ane wyle. NED 1348 Rolle Form in Allen ñ. Rolle 102.190-1: For anely wretchednes has na enmy. See M266, Wrench sb.i Wrenk; Whiting Scots II 162. P337. W713 One may call him a Wretch (miser) that (com)plains and has enough W718 He that will wreak (venge) him of ilk cl390 Proverbes of diverse profetes 532.153-6: (every) Wrong may not live in peace long A wrecche forsoóie me may hym cal That cl450 Fyrst thou sal 89.97-8: He that wil hym pleyneth him and hath i-nough at al; Fior wreke of yll (for ylk) wronge May not lyf in though al the world were only his, He wolde pes longe. Cf. Smith 225, 345. See 110, SI93, seie he hedde nought, i-wis. See C115, 488, W698. E126, M53. W719 Each Wye (man) may beware by wreak W714 There is none so proud as a Wretch set (harm) of another in high estate al400 Morte Arthure 113.3839: Iche a wy may be al430 Lydgate Fall II 559.3151-5: Thus whan warre be wreke of another. See M170. a wrech is set in hih estât, Or a bagger brouht up to dignité, Ther is non so proud(e), pompous W720 As wroth as a Wype (lapwing) nor elat. Non si vengable nor ful of cruelte. al425 St. Robert 62.675: Als wreth he wex als Void of discrecioun, mercy and pite. See B186, a wype. Cf. Parlament of Byrdes in Hazlitt EPP C271. III 183.305: Thoughe thou be as hasty as a wype.

Y Y1 He that spares the Yard (rod) hates his child (varied) clOOO Aelfric Homilies II 324[32-3]: Se Öe sparaö his gyrde, he hataS his cild; and se бе hit lufaö, he laerô hit anraedlice. clOOO Ecclesiastical Institutes II 430[38-9]: Salomon cwaeS: SeJje sparaö {ja gyrde, he hataS his beam. alOSO Defensor Liber 175[15-7]: Se Jie sparaS gyrde his he hataö suna his; se {зе soÔlice lufaö hyne anraedlice IserS. aI300 Proverbs of Alfred 99 J 245-50: The mon the spareth yeorde And yonge childe. And let hit arixlye, That he hit areche ne may, That him schal on ealde Sore reowe. cl378 Piers В ν 39-41: And Salamon seide the same that Sapience made, Qui parcit virge, odit filium. The Englich of this latyn is, who-so wil it knowe, Who-so spareth the sprynge spilleth his children. cl395 WBible Proverbs xiii 24: He that sparith the yerde, hatith his sone, xxix 15: A yerde and chastisyng schal gyve wisdom; but a child, which is left to his wille, schendith his modir. cl400 Beryn 34.1059-61: This mowe wee know(e) verely, by experience, That yerd(e) makith vertu and benevolence In Childhode for to growe, as previth Imaginacioun. 1422 Yonge Governaunce 161.37-9: Salamon sayth, Qui parsit virge odit filium, "who Sparith the yarde he hatyth the chylde." al449 Lydgate Stans Puer in MP II 744.91: Who spareth the yerde, al vertu set asyde. cl450 Idley 179.1274: Therfore whoo lovyth the childe, he woll the rodde not spare. al470 Parker Dives K5''[2.3-4]: He that spareth the yerde hateth his sone, R5''[2.18-9]. cl475 Rawlinson MS. D 328 125.79: Blesse be the rodde that chastyth the chyld. cl475 Symon Lesson 402.89-90: And as men sayth that ben leryd. He hatyth the chyld that sparyth the rodde. al496 Rote or Myrour Ge'ilS-e]: Salomon . . . sayth . . . The fader whiche that loveth his childe, he beteth hym

oftentymes. aI500 Good Wife N 216.217-8: For gif thou love thy children wele Spare not the yard never a deale. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 60.1928-30: For there is nothynge that more dyspleaseth God Than from theyr chyldren to spare the rod Of correccyon, but let them have theyr Wyll. 1529 More Supplicadon 326 F[6-8]: He that spareth the rod, saith holy writte, hateth the child. Apperson 592-3; Ojrford 609; Taylor and Whiting 309; Tilley R155; Whiting Drama 196. See B13, C200, 215, F74, L566, S642. Y2 Not give a Yard cl400 Laud Troy I 285.9660: He yeves of hem not a yerd. NED Yard sb.^ Id. Y3 To kiss the Yard al200 Ancrene 96.24-6: Thet deboneire child hwen hit is ibeaten, yef the feader hat hit, hit cusseth the yerde. Oirford 340; Tilley R156. Y4 A Yard may grow so great that men may not vn-ithe (tuHst) it al400 Wyclif Sermons I 278[26-7]: For as a yerde mai growe so greet, and be so stifiF in his strengthe, that men shal not writhe it. See O i l , P251, W35. Y5 To have other Yam on the reel al460 Towneley Plays 32.298: Ther is gam on the reyll other, my dame. See T432. Y6 To speed one's Yam (i.e., succeed) al500 Eger H 295.1829-30: And asked at him how he had fam? Well, he did say, and sped my yam. Y7 (Neither) Yea nor nay al400 Mede and muche thank in Kail 7.27-8: And florische fayre my lordis word. And fede hem forth with nay and yee. aI450 Cenerydes A 236.7639-40: (Clarionas) ful stil thoo lay.

678

Y15

679

And answerd nouthre yea nor nay. al450 Generydes В 101.3163-4: Of ther massag they praed them to say In all this mater playnly ye or nay, 109.3430: Say ye or nay, or ye go owt of this place. al450 Partonope 401.9692-3: They wole not swere never an othe But nay or yee, it is sothe. al470 Malory II 869.9: As to that he seyde nother yee nother nay. 1480 Caxton Ovyde 113[9-10]: Thoo was Ayax so abasshyd that he coud neyther saye ye nor naye. 1509 Barclay Ship II 213[5-6]: And he that can upholde his maysters lye With ye and nay. NED Yea 31,3; Burton Stevenson Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948) 2658. Y8 The first Year wedlock is called play, etc. cl475 Prohemy of a Manage 45[l-5]: And ever thynk on this proverb trewe, Remembryng on age by ony weye. That veray dotage in olde age wol tìie sewe. That the first yere wedlokk is called pleye. The second dreye, and the thrid yere deye. Apperson 215. Y9 It is a good Year when the hound gives to the raven cl025 Durham Proverbs 10.6: God ger byjj {jonne se hund ^)ат hrefne gyfed. Bonus annus quando canis corvo exibet. YIO One may covet many a Year what may hastily appear al500 Eger H 305.2009-10: A man may covet many a year. That may right hastilie appear. Cf. Tilley H741. See D56, H598. Y l l Seven Years (winters) (from 410 examples) a893 Waerferth Gregory 197.23-4: Vii gaer. a900 Bede 176.10. cIOOO Aelfric Lives I 162.255. al200 Lawman I 101.2380, II 77.12032, III 153.28812. cl225 Horn 7 С 96. al300 Richard 222.2617: sevene yer and more. alSOO Tristrem II 4.48. сХЗОО Beves 4.53: winter. cl300 Guy^ 368.7047: and more, 528 A 174.8: winter. cl300 Reinbrun 632.4.2: winter and wel more. cl300 South English Legendary I 187.209: This seve yer. cl325 Sayings of St. Bernard 516.101: And thynken seven yer of a day. cl330 Нот Childe 185.532: winter. aI350 Isumbras 32.416: and more. al375 Hermit 173.117: These yerys sevene. al375 Octavian (S) 44.1386: and more. al375 William 15.206: winter, 170.5369: and more. cl380 Ferumbras 9.269: and more. cl385 Chaucer CT I[A] 1452: Thise seven yeer, cI386 LGW 2120: This sevene yer. cl390 Northern Homily Cycle Narraüones (Vernon) 304.395: winter. cl390 Sir Gawain 43.1382: this. al400 Alexander С 92.1677: This sevyn wyntir. al400

Yesterday Amadace I 27[6]: this. al400 Chestre Launfal 72.678: More than thys. al400 Ipomadon A 16.479: this. al400 King Edward 966.475: this. al400 Torrent 3.65. cl400 Alexander Buik IV 436.10981. cl400 Emaré 26.816: fully. cI400 Thomas of Erceldoune 17.286: and More. cl405 Mum 59.1093: and sum dele more. aI425 Arthour and M.^ 359.1975-6. al425 Chester Plays I 120.406: this. al425 St. Anthony 134. 16-7: this. cl425 Avowynge 91[29]: this. al438 Kempe 131.19. cl450 How the Wyse Man 36.32. al470 Malory I 239.1: all this, II 517.22: thys, III 1065.17: thys. 1472 Paston V 131[25]: thys. al475 Gui/2 193.6737: thys, 340.11842: more then. al475 Herkons to my tale in Rei. Ant I 86[6]: this. 1480 Cely Papers 33[8]: thys. 1485 Caxton Paris 1.17: to gyder, cl485 St. Winifred 299.31: The space of seven yere. cl485 Conversion 31.107: Thys vii yere and more. alSOO Carpenter's Tools 85.183: this. al500 Eger H 231.802: these. al500 Gest of Robyn Hode in Child III 73.346: this. al500 Miller of Abington 101.19: more than. al500 Squire 3.6: Fully the tyme of, 3.17: more than, 11.186: Till seven yere be comen and gone, 42.1000: this. 1502 Robert the Devil C7^[20]: or there aboute. cl505 Watson Valentine 188.4: the space of. cl520 Terens Dl^'[29]: this. 1520 Whittinton Vidgaria 103.3: this. 1528 More Heresyes 190 A[3]: Nor seven yere after neither. al533 Berners Arthur 102[25]: this, 392[31]: the space of. 1546 Heywood D 75.188: this. Apperson 559; Taylor and Whiting 416; Tilley Y25; Whiting Drama 362:827, Scots II 163.

Y12 To hang oneself after a hard Year cl353 Winner 374: To hope aftir an barde yere, to honge thi-selven. Cf. Shakespeare Macbeth II iii 5; Joseph Hall Virgidemiarum in Collected Poems, ed. A. Davenport (Liverpool, 1949) 70.24-5 and note p. 223. Y13 To trust of a good Year 1451 Paston II 210[18-9]: And so it semyth be here contenaunce that they trost of a good yere. Y14 Woe worth seven Years' sorrow for seven nights' bliss cH75 Poema Morale 180.142: Wo wurth sorghe seve yier vor sevenihte bliscel See M642. Y15 Yesterday will not be called again {varied) al450 Audelay 85.118: Thus depth agen yuster-day, 86.131: Thus yistyr-day thou clepe agayne. cl516 Skelton Magnificence 63.2031: Yesterday wyll not be callyd agayne. 1546 Heywood D 91.16: It is to late to call again

Yield

680

Y16

yesterdaie. Apperson 78; Oxford 737; Tilley Y25 Nought Young worse old Y31; Whiting Scots II 163. 1509 Barclay Ship I 41[7]: Nought yonge, wors olde, suche is my state. Y16 Never to Yield (pay) and ever to crave Y26 You are Young enough to mend, but I am make a man have few friends 1372 Advocates MS.18.7.21 (John of Grimestone) too old to see it f.32b in Robbins-Cutler 2289.5: Nevare to yelden 1546 Heywood D 91.23-4: Ye be yong enough and evere to craven Maket man fewe frendis to to mende, I agree it. But I am . . . to old to haven. see it. Oxford 738; Tilley A236. Y27 Young wons {is accustomed to), old mones Y17 Yield or hang 1340 Ayenbite ЗЦ1-2]: And hit behoveth yelde: {remembers) {varied) other hongy, 218[13-5]: Thanne hit behoveth cl250 Hendyng О 192.5: Young woneth. Hold thet hi yelde: other thet hi hongi. Vor ase me moneth. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 244.7671-3: zayth: "other yelde: other hongi." cl400 Vices Yn a proverbe of olde Englys Telle men and and Virtues 26.21-3: And it be-hoveth yelde or sothe hyt ys, "That yougthe wones, yn age honge. "Rendre ou pendre," dit ly fraunceys, mones." cl325 Hendyng H 289.45: Whose yong 241.31-3: Wher-of it bihoveth that thei yelden lereth, olt he ne leseth. cI400 Vices and Virtues or be honged. For as the Frensche man seith, 244.17-8: As men (seyne), "yonge woneth, olde "Ou rendre ou pendre." 1484 Caxton Royal moneth." Apperson 357, 720; Kneuer 19-20; Book L7''[4]: For he must rendre or pendre, Oxford 358, 740; Schleich 250; Singer III 126; that is, hange. Skeat 69. See C210. Y18 To have the Yoke lie on one's neck Y28 After warm Youth comes cold age 1501 Douglas Police 54.13: I mon draw furth cl450 Idley 81.28: After warme youthe cometh the yok lyis on my nek, 1513 Aeneid III 65.150: age coolde. Thou mon draw furth, the yok lyis on thy nek. Y29 He that in Youth no virtue uses, in age all honor him refuses {varied) Y19 As yellow as the Yolk of an ay (egg) al400 Morte Arthure 97.3283: The tother (eye) al400 Proverbis of Wysdom 244.9-10: Who that in youth no vertew usythe, In age all was y alo were then the yolke of a naye. honowre hym refusythe. cl450 Proverbs of Good Y20 Tell the Yolk and put the white away Counsel 68.11-2: He that yn yowth no vertue cl400 Beryn 24.731-2: Lepyng ovir no centence, wyll use. In Age all honour wyll hym Refuse. as ferforth as I may. But telle yewe the yolke, cl450 Royal MS.17 D xviii f.99b in George F. and put the white a-way. Warner and J. P. Gilson Catalogue 11(1921) 256: He that in yought to no vertew himselfe appHeth, Y21 The Yolk cannot be without the white 1525 Berners Froissart IV 240[18-21]: The yolke In age to amende him badd costome deniethe. of the egge can not be without the whyte, nor cl450 Serve thy god 262.27-8. al475 Youth and the whyte without the yolke, no more maye Honour in Robbins 81: He that in yowthe no the clergy and the lordes be one without vertu wyll yowes, In aege all honor shall hym refuse. al500 Hichecoke This Worlde 333.39-40. another. al500 Hill 140.3-4: He that in yowth no vertu Y22 Hence to York will use. In age all honour shall refuce. cl500 cl397 Medwall Fulgens C3^[6-7]: But for that MS. Marginalia in Hoccleve I 169 n.i; He that she hath no felow In syngynge hens to yorke. in youth no verke will use, all . . . , 218, n.^: Cf. Tilley H429. He that in yothe no vartue (?) well ues {for use). Y23 As you do when you are Young swilk (such) In age all honor will hym refuse. al500 Young Children's Book 17.3-4. Apperson 292; Brownafter will your living be al450 Myne awen dere 177.875-7: For as thou Robbins 1151; Oxford 740; Tilley Y37. dose when thou art yonge, Swylke efter will be thy levynge Thurgh propryr use when thou art Y30 He that in Youth no virtue will leam shall go like a lubber and thrash in the bam aide. See Y32. cl500 Ashmole MS.1146 in W. H. Black DeY24 Lere {learn) Young as you would elder be scriptive ... Catalogue {Ο-ήοτά, 1845) 1000[63-4]: al450 Myne awen dere 177.883-4: Therfore, He that in youth noe vertue will leame. Shall son, I commaunde the. Lere yonge as thou will goe like a lubber and throshe in the bearne. elder be. Y31 It is hard to overcome Youth

У39

681

al533 Berners Arthur 25[10]: It is a harde thynge to overcome youthe. Y32 What Youth does age shows {varied) clOOO Aelfric Grammar, ed. J. Zupitza (Berlin, 1880) 125.17-8: Eala gif ic raedde on jugoSe, ¡Donne cuSe ic nu sum god. cl303 Mannyng Handlyng 244.7667-8; For comunly, that men done yn yenkthe, Yn age haunte they hyt on lenkthe. cl330 Body and Soul 46.357-8: Swiche as y lerd in mi youthe, Ich used, when that y was old. cl400 Beryn 31.938: Ffor thing I-take in (youthe, is) hard to put away, a 1425 Contemplations in Yorkshire Writers II 83[32-4]: I rede that he that useth hym not to vertue(s) in his yonge age he shall not conne withstande vyces in his old age. al449 Lydgate Haste in MP II 764.154: Thyn(g)e take in youth hath good impression. 1450 Diets 284.30-1: He that endurethe no thing in his youthe restith not in his age. cl450 Childhood of Christ in Archiv 74(1885) 330.199-200: Whene he es olde, fülle mone hym falle. That in his youthe na gude Wille lere. cI450 Idley 81.22-5: I have herde saide in olde Romaunce, He that in youthe woll do his diligence To lerne, in age it woll hym avaunce To каре hym fro alle indigence. al475 Gut/2 25.871-4: He, that may do gode dede. He schulde hym force in yowthehede, So that he may, when he ys oolde, For a doghty man be tolde. al500 Guy* 44-5.1185-90: For, who so of pryce will be. In his youth travayle must he In dyvers landes to win pryse With his travayle, if he be wyse; In his age then may he have The more honour, so God me save. alSOO Hunterian Mus. MS.230 175: Labur in youth qwylst helthe wyll last, So rest in age qwen strength is past. al500 Leconfield Proverbs 482{19-20]: As youthe is ordorid and accustomede in his yeris grene, So after warde in his olde age it shall be seane, 484[2]: For that is goten in youthe is harde to leve in age. al500 Trinity College Oxford MS. Arch. 49 f.l39b in Manly-Rickert I 540: He that in youth no gud kanne. In age seiden ys thryfty man. clSOO Melusine 193.1-4: And ye wote

(Y)uh ynough, that who lerneth not his crafte in his yougthe, with grete peyne and hard shal be for hym to be a good werkeman in his old age. 1509 Barclay Ship II 43[6-7]: And he that in youth wyl nought for hym provyde In age must the paynes of povertye abyde. Oxford 313: Idle youth; Tilley Y38, 42. See C210, 226, 524, L24S, M181, 308, Y23.

Y33 Youth and age are often at debate (varied) cl390 Chaucer CT I[A] 3229-30: Men sholde wedden after hire estaat. For youthe and elde is often at debaat. cl421 Lydgate Thebes 122.2963-4: Thus selde is seyne, the trouthe to termyne. That age and youthe drawe be о lyne. aI460 Towneley Plays 91.170: It is ill cowpled of youth and elde. 1556 Heywood E 120.33.1: Age and youth together can seeld agree. Apperson 720; Oxford 739; Smith 346; Tilley Y43. See B363, M254. Y34 Youth is frail al393 Gower CA III 408.834: Bot as men sein that freie is youthe. Y35 Youth is reckless cl400 Beryn 34.1052: Yowith is recheles. Oj/ord 740. Y36 Youth seid takes heed of perils (varied) 1406 Hoccleve Male Regie 27.73-4: Ful seelde is seen that yowthe takith heede Of perils that been likly for to fall. cl475 TheuHs 183.99: And youthede can no perellis cast. Oxford 740; Tilley Υ4Θ. Y37 Youth will to youth al475 Banester Guiscardo 34.579: Youth will to youth and lofe to lufe evermore. See L272. Y38 As merry as Yule day cl425 Avowynge 91[31-2]: For thay make als mirry chere. Als hit were yole day. Cf. Whiting Drama 338:455. Y39 It is easy to cry (Y)ule at other men's cost 1549 Heywood D 45.120: It is easy to cry ule at other mens coste. Apperson 721; Oxford 122; Tilley Y53; Whiting ScoU II 164.

Z I Have Zeal to yourself and then to your neighbor al600 De ImitaHone (1) 43.9-10: Have therfore first zeel to thiself, and than maist thou have

682

zeel to thi nelghbore. 1502 De Imitatíone (2) 182.1-2: Have first a zele and a respecte to thy selfe, and than thou mayst better attende to the dedes of other. See C153.

INDEX OF IMPORTANT

WORDS

The purpose of this index is twofold: to make possible the identification of a saying in a form which differs from the lemma, and in some degree to facilitate thematic studies. Experience shows that an index of this kind cannot be altogether satisfactory. The shorter the index the less useful, the longer the index the less usable, and a happy medium between too little and too much is hard to achieve. The index contains the important words in the lemmas, excluding the alphabetizing words but including the modern equivalents of obsolete words, and a selection of significant words from those quotations which differ markedly in phrasing from the lemmas. It is no doubt superfluous to observe that the same word may be important in one context and imimportant in another. Words from the lemmas and from the first three quotations in any entry are identified by the lemma numbers; for all other words the dates of the quotations are given in parentheses after the lemma numbers. Words from the quotations are listed only for first occurrence within an entry. In the index, words from the quotations are given, wherever possible, in the entry forms of the NED, and obsolete or imusual words are glossed if they have not already been glossed in a lemma. If a word appears as more than one part of speech it is broken down grammatically, and homonyms are usually separated. When nouns occur in both singular and plural, no distinction is made in the index, save in the case of man and woman. If nouns are found only in the plural they are entered under the plural form, unless the words occur as another part of speech or imless the plural forms throw the words out of alphabetical order. All verb forms, except verbal nouns and verbal adjectives, are entered imder the infinitive forms. Adjectives and adverbs appear under the positive forms unless the words appear only in the comparative or superlative, in which cases those forms are used. Expressions of worthlessness or contempt (see p. xvi) are grouped in the index under Not account. Not amend, and so forth, and the relatively few Wellerisms are brought together under that word.

Abandon: H302 Abased: B125(al513) Abate: B506(al470), R15(1471), S863 Abbot: M640 Abed: A87, F550 Abelgen: B387 Abide: A51, B132, B473(al460), B609, C163, E129, F393, F460,

F505, G264, H171, M152, M717, M770, M785, 070, P9, P144, Q2, S4, S355, T168, T303, T318, T348, W264, W701, Y32(1509) Abiding: R98 Above: L553, N179(cl450), R54 Abow: P345 Abroad: M737 Absent: QIO Abstinence: W554 683

Aby: C622, E38, K41, S352 Abysses: S928 Accepter: G216 Access: W426 Accompany: 0395(1477) Accomplice: T73 Accord: A153, B150, D133, D318, E74, E155, F42, L452, M254, M754-5(al420), R102, S283, T i l l , V53, W500, W645(cl390)

Index I: Important

Words

Accordance: R102 According: D289 Account: see Not account Accumber: H252 Accursed: C253 Ace: DI70-2, S295 Ache: E205, F151, F366, H254, T386 Achieve: N146, T104, T168 Achieving: A245 Acolee: F416 Acore: R165 Acquaintance: W509 Acquench: F191 Acres: H320 Acrook: H617 Active: S555 Adder: S96, S153, T185, T396 Adieu: M384 Adrunken: S532 Adultress: L434 Advance: M289, T462, Y32(cl450) Advantage: E l 12, F463 Adventure: sb. E81, F5:9, H139 (al500), M163, T176, W39 (al420); vb. D350, M503, M706, N146(1471) Adventurous: M389 Adverse: F502 Adversity: B67(cl500), F634(1484), F672, G276(1502), J64, P417-9, P424, W145(cl516), W671(al449) Advice: C69, S285, W536 Advise: M205 Advised: D135, S591 Advisement: M335, S833(cl400), W167, W531 Advocate; M620 Afaite: B305 Afear: C215, M130 Afeared: M54, S177 Affect: T47 Affection: S307, S634 Affiance: E97{cl480) Affile: T378 Affy: S834 Afire: adj. 0 2 6 ; adv. S559(al449), W404 Afloat: E40 Afoam: W553 Afond: F180, G298 Afore: W46 Afraid: C311, F59, S419 After: M468-9, P385 Afternoon: F494, M686 Afterwards: W576 Afterwits: F496 Again: T186 Agast: be afraid G276(al350) Age: sb. A36, A95, B363, C210, C226, C482, C490(cl450), C649, E59, L248, M29, M117(al440),

684 M308, R88, S633, T110(cl450), T123, T185, Y28-9, Y32-3; vb. E174 Aged: P18(1509) Aggrieve: P283 Aghast: S177 Aglide: glide away W336 Agree: ClOl, L41(1555), L450, L452, M754-5, W528, Y33(1556) Aid: 0276(1484), T305 Ail: F697, H149 Aim: sb. M347; vb. M382 Air: C135, F239, P272, R4, S797 (cl523), T115, T185 Alarge: G64 Alas: S466 Alderman: K53(al300), W436 Ale: B178, C623, F l l , S305, S471, S497, S531, W360(1555) Alembic: L380 Ale-stake: A81 Algorism: C273 Alive: T351 All: sb. A37, B221, E83, F115, G282, H41, M113, M230, M780, 035, 040, S76, T308; adj. C27, C648 Allay: W66 AUow: M614 AUoy: M523 AUure: H89 Alms: W60 Alone: B465, C397, G255, M257-8, M366, P312, W434 Alter: C67 Ambition: S6 Amble: F359, H513, W312 Ambling: H538 Ambry: G251 Amend: sb. C120; vb. AlOO, B66, C313, D283, G200, H134-5, L399, M729, S514(cl5(X)), T133, T179, T336, W381, Y29. See also Not amend Amending: D337 Amiable: L25, M16 Amiss: adf. AlOO, T355; adv. M235 (1509), S267, T403 Amour: H400 Amove: F204(cl400) Anangered: L319(cl489) Anbursten: B388 Anchor: F598, R125, S234 Ancient: M117(1509) Angel: M107, S61 Anger: C178, C490, L8, N179 (1484), P329, W377, W546, W692 Angered: B388 Angin: beginning P389 Angle: F230 Angry: C120, D173, F161, H112 (cl475), M264.1, P227, S149,

S374, T187(1492), T247, W50, W377 Annoy: sb. S141; vb. 0 2 0 Anoint: J72 Anon: G274 Another: pron. BlOl, B604, B614, C462, C514, C640, D121, F29, F381, F449, F512, G104, G353, K82, L572, M63, M197, M259, M585, M591, N6, 034, 041-2, 044-5, 056, P i l l , P232, R166, S333, S340, T50, T193, T357, T530, W168, W391, W604, W608, W719; adj. S478, S524 Answer: sb. B148, D159, M412, 8384(1533); vb. F391, G259, M487, M704, 057, S788 Ant: E71 Anvil: F95, P254 Ape: E108, G266, K61, M391, T247 Apostasy: W358 Appair: Al 17, H223. See aho Not appair Appal: S129 Apparel: L19 Appeal: A85 Appear: A144, B52, K32, L529, P266, 5491(1519), YIO Appease: C393, M388, W699 Appetite: B183, H642 Appetitely: G259 Apple: B564, C203-t, C207, C511, N94, T465(al439), W511 Apply: M47, V29, Y29 Approve: A232 Arage: W464(1483) Araged: L319(1471) Arbalast: L19, P433, Q7 Arbor: P394 Archer: C634(al439) Ardent: L212 Arear: lift up W434 Argh: S512 Aright: L296 Arise: M469, R71, S89, S164, S192, T137 Arithmetic: C273 Arm: sb. S378; vb. W49(al500) Armed: T407 Armor: G229 Arms: H2, M356, N179(al420), S858 Armth: A241 Army: H362 Array: G409 Arrest: W605 Arrive: P309 Arrogance: P393(cl450) Arrow: F287, L243 Arse: B317, C57, C264, C571, C607, D207, E220, K22, M35, M580, S536, S794, W115, W517, W552

Ó85

Art: E202, F616, W508 Arveth: H90 Ascend: C296(1520), S687 Asend: send forth G55 Ash: E22, F185, N179(al513) Ashamed: E188, P74, P352 Ask: B474, B516, B636, Fl 14, F600, F666, G72, G202, 0341, L164, L412, M155(cl500), M252, M506, M675, Q6, S5, S16, S168, T312, T533, W604. See also Not ask Asking: A213 Asleep: S584 Aspen: L147 Aspy: W304 Ass: DlOl, J72, K60, M300, 087, S161 Assail: B398(al420), C79, C140, С163, F501, F507, H300, L334, M85, T291 Assault: L38, W543 Assay: sb. T501; üb. A55, E58, F625, M270, P429, T102 Assent: sb. S733(cl412); vb. P256 Assist: M317 Assuage: S511, W430 Assurance: E149 Assure: C392, P385(al440) Astone: F77 Asunder: D37 Atheling: K53 Atonement: 019 Atrede: 029 Atren: 029 Attach: S664 Attack: M497 Attain: C523, E162.1, F583, G300, H551, K69, S859(al450), W256 Attaint: L507 Attemper: W311 Attempt: G265 Attend: L399 Atter: V18-9 Atwite: S500 Audience: L68 Aufer: D152 Aught: M190, M324, N156, N179 (1372) Augment: 141 Authority: J27, P18(1509) Avail: sb. C272, C446, P262, P342, R31; vb. A50, B196, C468, F48, F492, F632, G455, H301, L52, L462, M484, M801(cl421), N32, P125, R87. See also Not avail, Not vail Avarice; C491, G354, 0412, R180 (1509), T410 Avaricious: M43-4, W472 Avaunt: D155 Avaunter: B556 Avaunting: C490

Avenant: C483 Avenge: 056, S193 Avise: L435 Avoid: vb. F540, W60(1533); adj. T183 Await: sb. W240; vb. T291 Awake: D305 Aware: В155, C40 Away: H413, M395 Awede: W464(al350) Awend: D59 Awl: P377(al430) Aworry: W464 Awreak: avenge M80 Avny: 8267(1563) Ay: N87, P439. See also Egg Azure: B384 В Babe: A138, K81 Baby: B63 Back: B600, С151, F536, S961, W67 Backare: M703 Backware: adj. C514; adv. G63,082 Bacon: D440, L396 Bad (1): cat C108, M736. See also Cat Bad (2): sb. E193(cl410); adj. A155, В2Ю, B279, B493, 0395(1477), J66, L221, L383, P257, S4, S150, T529, T538, W66, W411. See also Worse, Worst Badgers: B557 Badly: 0166 Bag: B189, B471, 0444, H80, M59 (alSOO), S12 Baggage: B9 Bagged: H529 Baim: B602, C219(cl450), M719, W436(1456), Y1 Bait: sb. F230, H455; vb. B104, B588(al513) Bake: B517-9, B521, B529, M553, P325 Baker: E181, M560(1509) Balance: F504, M389, N179(al439), W39(al420) Bald: A142, 0419-20, 0496, P175 Bale: B52, B462-3, N179(cl450), S978(al425) Balk: sb. M710; vb. M232 Ball: A156, W672 Balm: L113 Band: В14в(а1450), B558, D185, H175, H570, W166 Bane: P387, S964 Bank: G441, S87 Banning: B74 Bar: H608 Bare: B41, B61, BllO, B317, B319, B408, B440, B449, B451, B466,

Index h Important

Words

B577, G117(cl380), G261, H51, N63, N167(cl503), N179(al393), N193, R14, S203, 8465, S552, S756, S813, T140, T355 Bare-arsed: B528 Bare-back: S9 Barefoot: M325 Bargain: sb. 0166, N41; vb. 0168, L548 Barge: B421, D217, 012, S249 Bark: sb. D305, H79, W613; vb. B323, D298, D309, D331(1509), H561, H595, M654, S576 Barked: L162 Barm: bosom A15 Bam: R14, S199, Y30 Barrel: T40 Barrow: S789 Base: see Not base Bashful: M13 Bass: B476 Baste: H403 Bat: 8892 Bathe: S968(cl400) Batter: M392 Battle: sb. E202, F533, L38(1439), M149, M801, R240, S277, S844, W183, W269; vb. B68 Bauble: F394 Bawdy: D25 Bay: sb. H150; vb. ВИЗ, 0636, D331(cl420) Be: S190, T175, T301 Beak: Η196 Beam: B37, M710, S892 Bean: A112, B283, H643, L192 Bear: sb. OlO, 015, 0278, D331, H56, L346, W502; vb. Λ162, A207, B36, B70, B230, B304, B349, B372, B564, B580, 053, 0151, 0333, 0501, 0576, 0625, 0633, D204, D311, D444, FIO, F56, FlOO, F198, F316, F394, F620, G478, G482, H65, H181, H234, H321, H486, H488, H521, 166, L71, L336, M79, M177, M287, M301, M364, M740, N30, N43(al500), N94, N167(cl395), 025, P69, P384(cl485), P441, R233, S14, 8463, S533, S595, 8789, T179, T223, T319, T369, W56, W138, W216, W453, W624 Beard: 0108, F72, G187, G270, H32, H46 Beast: G485, H19, H359, T115, T292(1513), W250 Beastly: S958 Beat: B72, B135, B329, B462, B604, D331(al533), G441, H359, M517, M768, P254, R166, 8408, S652, 8832, T242, T247, W94, Yl(al496)

Index I: Important

Words

Beaten: L131 Beating: B608, S654 Beauteous: A138 Beauty: G371, M224 Beck: ib. M148, brook W353,· üb. D365 Become: С15, C501, D311, M19, M402, 028, R136 Bed: B242(1492), B426, F475, G259, H388, L73, R143, S853, T140, T187, W113, W281 Bedstraw: F195 Bee (1): sb. ring P69(al200), W486 Bee (2): sb. insect D408, H239, H395, H436, S937 Beer: B446, W353 Befall: G355, M241 Befit: W254 Befong: R172, S571 Before: B218, E88, G180, H107, L436, P385, S580, W576, W671 Beg: B528, MHO, M292, M588, M701, P299, P332 Beget: sb. F123; vb. B614, C224, F139 Beggar: C482, DlOl, H294, L452, M266, M588, M672, T188 Begin: B21, B122, C119, C153, E73, E84, F380, F382, F422, G20, G23, 0352, L80, L411, L537, M188, M284, M419, M497, N146, P223, S127, S349, T104, T106, T150, T166, T180, T200, T298, W58, W646, W700 Beginning: A62(al500), C388, C623, E74, E77, E84(cl400), E164, F695, G352, M65, P389 (cl340), T180, W41, W532 Beguile: B212-3, D320, D387, E97{cl385), F535, F582, G491, 115, M114, S938, T494, W49, W177, W280, W498, W633 Behave: C530, H383 Behest: G80, H470, M549(1534) Behight: H370 Behind: B265, B419, F493, G180-1, H48, H107, H172, L436, S580, W671, W684 Behold: E84(al450), G126, L348 (cl300), S131, W304 Behoove: C216, D159, F442, H610, L398, M95, M678, N132, S919, W694 Behote: M779 Beleave: W22 Belie: S337 Believe: C542, D387(1532), F405, L210, L222, M115, M274, M659, M669, N92, S939, T23, T28, T126, W63, W628 Belive: F287, R143 Bell: sb. B455-6, D40, F407, R219; vb. B588

686 Bell wether: B616 Belly: G18 Belock: M328 Belong: T140 Belouke: shut (out) S307 Belove: G87, L449, S465 Beloved: F660 Bemazed: S958 Berne: ?beam, Ptrumpet G460 Bench: C597, D150, H47 Bend: B477, B479-82, B617, C425, C460, R156, T263(al500) Bending: W33 Beneath: FllO, L553 Benefit: Л12 Benevolence: Yl(cl400) Benign: L2e Benim: G276, N10, W49, W703 Bent: B478 Bere: B123, B146(cl470), B236, H529, L348(cl400) Bernes: B580 Berry: B296, T223 Beryl: J35 Besee: B275 Beseek: W484 Beset: D148, F237 Beshit: B423, R151 Besom: B489 Best: sb. A93.1, G45, H264, M316, S77, T326{1546), T369, W i l l , W683; adj. F70, G26, M359, M446, M448, M456, N89, P67, P445, T105, T317, T387, T501, W427, W635; adv. L405, R239. See also Better, Good Bestead: V37 Besvi-ike: B570, M234, S953, W141 Bethink: R134, S82 Betide: A8, D169, E179, M163, M513, N160, P264, T172, T303 Betime: W44 Betimes: D161, F126, T222(1546) Betoken: M699 Betray: B570, E97(al425), P178, W141 Better: sb. F431, G357, M211, P120, T152, W i l l ; adf. A19, A160, A256, B54, B75, B238, B274, B462, B484, B548, C70, C178, С199-200, C304, C397, C448, C451-2, C520-22, D55, D95, D104, D136, D161, D238-9, D257, D272, D317, E114, E129, E133, E139, E150, E177, E197, E205-6, FI07, F126, F151, F179, F365, F383, Γ4β4, F467, F505, F627-9, F633, G93, G229, G299, G308, G344, G371, H39, H71, H85, H106, H133, H140, H184, H227, H250, H261, H411, H604, H619, K40, L89, L189, L191, L206, L239, L381, L386-9, L413,

L464, L471, M48-9, M281, M376, M382, M434, M564, M641, M679, M700, N12, N81, N111, N168, N179{al450), N190, 051, 055, 065, P9, P65, P67, P208, P240, P244, P250, P273, P329, P336, P339, P406, P438, P441, Q19, R65, R147, R181, R230, S69, S73, S175, S301, S355, S403, S458, S462, S509-10, S610, S691, S732, S789, S843, S916, T26, T106-7, T109, T132, T211-2, T258, T324, T366, T544, W162, W227, W366, W376, W405, W409, W418, W550, W558, W576-7, W681, W692, see also Not the better; adv. A131, C31, L163, L210, M283, T23, T72. See also Best, Good Between; C56, S794 Bewail: K96, N179(1501) Beware: A67, C441, F116, F605, G372, G438, H9, H462, H540, L65, L390, L440-1, M170(1436), M727, P166, R85, S123, S428, S601, T20, T489, W126, W145, W719 Beweep: F399 Bewray: M219 Beyond: N119 Bible: J1 Bid: B636, D197, G267, G279, G358, H398, L102, L188, L446, M157, M538, P192, S73, S348, S360, S554(al500), S657, W187, W520. See also Not bid Bidden; S167 Bide: B318, B398(al400), M717, N145, P199, T145, T3I8(cl475), T473, W556-7 Bier; B386, 051, N179(cl475), T351(cl450) Big: adf. B57, H497, P35, P312 (al470); vb. В174 Bike: B174 Büewhit: S211 BiU: 0382, 0563, G317 Bimodered: M668 Bind: B102(1509), B105, B188, B439, F614, 074, H368, H625, L497, M517, 078, S219, S657, T80, W598 Binding: T215(cl300) Bird; B604, 0206, 0261, 056870, D342(cl390), F230(cl395), F582-3, F594, H350, L79, MI40, N88-9, P178, R46, S40, S426, S556, T185(al500), T298, V37, W625 Bird-lime: B299, L433 Birth: B72, 0260 Bishop; K53, W436 Bit: H506

687 Bitch: В130, B229, G155, W448 Bitchwatch: D299 Bite: sb. F354, W613; vb. B323, B520{al450), B533, C573, C636, D309, D316, E62, F337, G430, H21, H530, H571, H583, L201, M150, M378, M738, S576, W480 Bitel: S70 Biting: F266, S99 Bitter: sb. H433, S871; ad/. A155, A236, B41, B169, B517, D79, D393, E57, F315, G8, L271, M485, N179(al437), S480, W197, W298(al500) Bitterness: B351, F532, H276, H434, H440, J59, J61, N179(cl450), S137, S871, S943-4, S947, W197 (al430), W231(al500), W671 (cl422) Bitter-sweet: L524 Black: sb. W231; adf. A119, A181, B95, B235, B257, B345, B356, B388, B459, B502, B560, 0324, 0371, C563-5,0573, D154, D189, E223, F3, F131, F522, H18, H329, 137, 143-4, J29, L116, M3, M 130(cl470), M616, M618, Мв67, N179(al513), 0 7 9 , 0 8 6 , P19, P92, P138-9, P233, R42, SI, S3, S258, S385, S440, S459, S481, S931, S935, T39, T235, T264 Blackberrying: S527 Blackbird: 0 5 7 Blade: L186 Blae: L115 Blaght: S430, W202 Blame: sb. M287, N179(1478), T389; vb. A130,0514, D279, L14, L562, M171, M173, M221, S500, T133, W84 Blanched: A112 Blandish: S96(al484) Blanket: W234 Bias: W336, W341 Blashorn: R219 Blast: 019, T271(cl400), T473, W336(cl410), W337(1506), W341 Blaze: sb. W404; vb. B508, G145, T445 Bleached: S430 Blear: E217 Blear-eyed: F584 Bleat: S220(1509) Blede: flower S542(cl250) Bleed: A97, B360, D406 Blend: E218, H399 Blent: D144 Bless: 038, 0212, 0245, 0524, G203, H66, M756, P115, Y1 (cl475) Blessed: N74, P113, P399, W194 Blessing: G256 Blin: B19, 0652, T79

Blind: sb. M172; vb. G66; adj. A77, A177-8; B71; Β96; B124, B163, BISO, B244, B638. 082, 0634, E206, E214, F521, H143, H503, H519, H538, H618, H629, L224, M36-7, M46, M50-1, M132, M186, M205, M263, M311, M417, P421, P423, S738, S757, 8839(1533), T19, W360 Blink: W620 Bliss: B52, E80, J61, L490, L513, M236, M240, N179(cl450), T355, W671, Y14 Blissful: B197, L26, N179(cl470) Blithe: B20, B164, B215, B224, B289-90, B295(cl500), B531, 0203, F564, F566, N179, S633 Bio: L117 Block: M710(1484), S823 Blood: A21,0260, H544, J76, K34-5, P243(cl421), S744, W483, W708 Bloom: W671(cl450) Blossom: sb. W310; vb. R106 Blow: sb. F416, S950, W634; vb. B341, B398(cl405), B565, B574, 0129, 0334, F199, F212-3, 0 2 , G146, G381, H485, Η488-Θ0, J15, M757, N2, N179(al393), P226, R71, R74, W301-2, W305, W315-6, W328, W336(al420), W343(1546), W344-6 Blue: sb. S654; adj. A71, A260, B225, B326, B329, 138, L117-8, L122 Blunder: B71, Вв38(1402) Blunt: B353 Boar: H582, S961 Board: B415, F634(cl415), F659, 0 3 Boast: sb. B556, H299; vb. 0626, F615, M788, S396 Boaster: A244, B556, 0516 Boat: 012, S248 Bode: W152 Body: D151, H34, H254(al500), H272, H302-3, K67, L175, L178, L189, L288, M142, P35, S652 (1509), T357, V i l , W282 Boil: P327, W702 Boistous: B96 Bold: sb. F519, H422; adj. B71, B225(al450), B389, 0350, 0516, D144, D382, H269, H360, H632, L305, M119, M145, РЗОЗ, 891, S624, T506, UIO, W617; adv. H421 Boldly: M367 Boll: T343 Bollen: B321 Bolt: sb. F275, F408, V39; vb. Β4Θ9, F55, W411 Bond: B76, K48(cl500), M271, T298, W609 Bone: B178, B242, B598, B601,070, D184, D325, D331, D333-4, E68,

Index I: Important

Words

F273, G381, H483, H596, H643, 168, J51, R229, S362, S505, S603, S751, T384, W202-3, W500 Book: 0210, W450 Boon: D78(al439) Boot (1): remedy B18, B22, D78, K38, R81, T199 Boot (2): shoe 0360, F484(1546), L161, S638 Bore: 0 2 3 2 Bored: B80 Boring: A248 Bom: A21, A58, D6, E105, G260, H388, K6, K l l , K43, L448, M132, M140, M717, P298, W281 Borrow: sb. S20, S22; vb. 0 4 1 , 0 4 1 3 , F653, M465, N77, P274, S115, S625, S939 Borrowed: G71, T108 Bosom: A15, A42, F208, P69, S261, S334 Bossing: 0 5 3 Botcher: G217 Both; H70, H78, P42(al500) Bottle: B321 Bottom: B548-9, M623, S6, T421 (1556) Bough: B289, B291, B294, B296, B375, B604(al475), F76, L143, T47, T185(al500) Bound: B107, B146(al450), W433, W558 Bounty: B152, T533(1456) Bourd: sb. P257; vb. H56, K88, M350, P107, P257 Bow: sb. A187-8, A191-2, B252, B383, B433, B617, D303-4, F288, R156, S841, W605(cl450); vb. A162, B146, B253, B276(al500), B473, M177, M262, O i l , P251, R71, S179, T118, T460, T475, W34, W317 Bower: B63, B531, H422 Bowl: L304, P27 Box: F620 Boy: V37, W270 Braggers: B556(al400) Brains: W565 Brainless: НПО Brain-wood: В125 Brake: 8665 Bramble: G421 Bramble-tree: R206(cl450) Bran: B513, 0438, F55, F298-9, 8960 Branch: B581, 032, P251(1509), S437(al400), T470 Brand: 0201, F215-7, F430, M160, 050, S559(al440), S566-7, W560 Brandish: B398(al507) Brats: N179(cl475) Brawl: D335 Bray: B107(cl400), B146(cl400),

Index h Important

Words

Bray (cont.) B589, D331(cl420), F454, L337, W336(al533), W464(1485), W505 Bread: B620, С178, C304, C580, E121, G307, H39, M40, M700-2, P300, S39, S214, S257, S302, S940, W55, W71, W437 Breadth: B526 Break: A132, B76, B484, B520 (al450), B532, B598, C190 (cl477), C425, C645, C653, D i l , D233, D259, D420, H90, H235, H475, H516, H607, H637, 130, K25, K79, L338, L552, M196, M259, M275, M288, N42, N58, N191, 013, P251(1509), P322-3, P334, P404, S603, T60, Τ167, T384, T460, W69 Breast: H294, L434, M226, N112 Breath: L240 Breathe: F100 Breech: M406, W115 Breed: B174, F273, H426, M735, R206, R211, S391, S505, T342, W566, W603 Breme: B225, B342, B390, F174 (1513), L306 Bremely: C636 Brend: B72 Breth: rage W502 Brethel: T209 Bretheling: wretch K53 Brew: B21, B279, B463, B566, C116, D397, P140 Brewer: G203 Briber: T67(al439) Bribes: B580 Brickie: G125 Bridal: M125 Bridle: B322 Brier: B290, B294, B296(cl500), B376, B380-3, B496, G421(cl395), H319, N179(cl385), R196, R206, T223 B r i ^ t : A119, A124, B78, B162, B248, B258, B261, B343, B357, B371, B374-9, B441, B583, B592, С19, C249, C587, D2, D33, D35, D41, D62, D67, D69, D225, E226, F162, F186, F302, F703, G108, G127, G284, G306, G322, J30, L53, L154, L197, L211, L258, L266, L581, L585, M311, M528, M575, M646, M691, M696, N118, N179(al513), P158, R196, R229, S320, S331, S368, S398, S431, S434, S673, S776(cl408), S797, S877, S881, S889, S892, S899, S902, S908, S910-1, T40, T426, W375 Bri^tness: E184(1480) BriUUnt: S678

688 Brim: T421(1556) Brindle: B72 Bring: A4, A228, A257, B157, B190, B435, B462, B471, C119, C502, C570, DIO, D56, D121, E130, G366, H8, H541,124, L400, L498, L589, M194, M285, M312, M324, M362, M383, M494, M591, M640, M642, N167, 080, РИЗ, P130, P374, P384, RI 17, R206(al464), SUO, S238, S244, S333, S604, S620, S866, T151, T260, T282, T319, T474, T546, W343, W508, W525, W647 Bringing: H52 Brink: B548, D390, P231 Bristle: H404, S532(al500) Bristled: B388 Britchel: G109 Brittle: B472; G109, M112 Broad: В4, B51, B58, B578, E19, E219, F54, P194, S13, S68, S545, T43, T217, W114 Bröckle: W97 Brod: prick P377(cl425) Brodyke: prick P377(1471) Broken: M174, R70, S378, S594, T187(1492), W249, W696 Broker: K83 Brook: M59{al500) Broom: B377, Б489 Brotel: G480 Brotelness: G480 Broth: B571 Brothel: S34 Brother: C154, F117, H328, N81, P295, R127 Brow: B553, P268 Brown: B259, M130(cl470), N189, 021, W90 Brust: sb. B552; adj. B388 Brusde: F678 Bucket: H312, W192 Bud: C515 Buffets: W600 BuUd: G480, H606, H617-8, M735, R183, T122, T464, W127 Bufldings: T464 Bull: sb. B l , P46; vb. C505 Bum: P35 Bun: H486 Bunch: M138(cl475) Bundle: B470, F56 Burden: C55, C614, M138(cl449), P69 Burgeon: L145 B u m : B49, B231, B509, Β60β, ClOO, C335, D383, F200, F250, G147, G311, G354, G450, H403, H612, L218, L265, M160, M623, N85, N179(al450), S451, S560, S683, S728, S894, T291(al500), T333, T428, W73, W102, W162, W404

Burned: F256 Bumet: A119 Burning: B507, C20, F163, G139, L127, L267, S622 Bumingly: M675 Burnt: B560, C201, H53 Burr: R211 Burst: B484(cl405), C460, G13, G125(cl485), G164, H475, R71, S828, S949, W518 Bury: F445, L178, W360 Bush: B312, G33, J8, T47 Bushel: F626, L73 Busüy: G259 Business: M47 Busk: В12 Busy: A215, B165, L199, N85, S853, T380 Butcher: C639 Butt: B435 Butter: sb. S33; vb. S302 Buttered: B446 Butterfly: 0135, F353 Buxom: C193, W5 Buxomly: B125(al400) Buxomness: M622 Buy: A31, B40, B42-3, B436, C95, €102, С149, С168, C435, C583, D130, F58, G356, H439, H605, L274, L514, L519, L594, M147, N163, P187, РЗОО, R180, S29, S173, S440, S458, S554(al500), S595, T153, T355, W369, W405, W420, W591, W680 Buzzard: F37

Cabin: H195 Cable: M738 Cackle: H343 Cage: B295-e(al500), B300, B307, C499, J18, M741, P230, W625 Cake: H486 Calf: €143, €502, C504-5, D437, M385, M700, W29 Call: €395(al513), €447, €655, F117, G46, G61, H531, M148, M197, M365, M807, 086, P45, P105, T186, T307(cl422), W396, W605, W713, Y8, Y15 Calling: €289 Calm: sb. S734; adj. S114 Cambrel: T470 Camel: G178 Camle: chameleon €135-6 Cammock: T470 Can: sb. €621; vb. €543, D88, D279, L501, M403, M673, S76 Candle: Β45β, Ββ23, H616, L73, S452, S889(cl449) Candle-staff: L73 Cankered: R254 Canstick: €368

Ó89

Cant: K19 Cap: H623^, W474(cl450) Cape: H2 Captivity: M349 Carcass: B416, R44 Care: sb. B275, C386, H139, J58 (cl475), L15, L486, M97, N179 (cl330), PI 17, P265, S473, S512, W154; vb. E88, G261. See also Not care Careful: H463, S473 Careless: K53(al400) Carl: C269 Carp: C625 Carping: W513 Carriage: C55 Carrier: J52 Carrion; C637 Carry: D209, F371, L168, S381 Cart: G134, H519, W206-7 Cartwheel: 0443 Carve: C323, Г270(а15Ш), T216-7 Carver: M614 Carving: R51, W217 Case: K54, M205, W531 Cast: Al 15, A237, B115, B571, C57-8, C298, C337, C353, D184, D205, D266, F229, F424, F512, G484, H236, H305, H457, H538, ПО, K24, K62, M36, М155(с1500), M248, M657, N97(cl500), N127, 024, P89, P146, P166, P393, S231, S265, S359, T298, T408, T434, T442, T534, W80, W131, W229, W359, W506, Y36 CasÜe: B427, C204, НЗОО, Р58, S787, Т351(с1450), W25, W27, W543 Cat: В232, С27, ClOO, С201(с1400), С250, С460, Н563, Н569, L396, М682, М735-7, М745, Р104, Р183, Р328, S99, S818, W260, W436{cl378), W500, W510. See also Bad (1) Catch: B310, B315, C93(cl395), DIO, F347, F351, F675, H125, H314, H392, H601, M137, M741, N90, QIO, R172, S152, S186, S571, T30, ТЮЗ, T224, W9, W86 Catcher: N89 Cattle; F670, L548, N10, P117, S35, T307 Caul: H623 Cauldron: L124, P319 Cause: sb. E16, L15, M205, M244, M282, M499, S963; vb. A17, B202, G364, L66, L532, S390, S616, T137, T187, UIO, V12 Cease: B19, C121, R71, S335{al400), S868, W504 Certain: B65, D96, T157 Certainty: C391, L536 Chafe: WlOO

Chaff: B308, C428, F182, F693, G298(al500), H565, P89(1509), W205, W234 Chaffer: bargaining S554(al500) Chafing: D256 Chair: B39, B186(al449), M78, M374 Challenge: P337 Chamber; L38 Chance; A177, B65(1513), F510, F533(cl500), M239, M245, N179 (al400), S373, W39 Chandelabre: L73(cl433) Change: sb. G452, M373, R210, S284, W39(al420); vb. B298, C135-7, C242, E153, E165, F323, F385, F510, F596, F650(al440), K26, L502, M196, M351, M655, N97, N133, P272, P425, R2, R18(al513), T129, T239, T281, T320, W179, W184, W318, W374, W481, W526, W671 (cl390). See also Not change Changeable: E106, F523, M141, M647, T97, T230, W289, W526, W671(cl390) Changeful: S922 Changing: V3 Chant: B476 Chapel: T48 Chapman: M629 Chare: sb. S393; vb. D342. See also Not chare Charge: sb. F434, G445, L399, M704, T361, see also Not the charge; vb., see Not charge Chargeant: troublesome P175 Charity: L523(al475), M21, P329 Charnel: C267 Chase: B136, G461, H121, H577, H626, H838, L547, 081, S556, W464(al338) Chaste: vb. Yl(cl475); adj. С194, D299, D357, L27, T539, W486, W550.1 Chastise: B309, H4, 134, L566, M170, R167, W211, W400, W489 Chastising: B13, W47 Chastity: B150, E70, F145, M21 Chatter: C244, J18-9, P179, W253 Chattering: sb. P178; adj. T247 Chaussure: T215(cl425) Cheap: vb. L548; adj. B266, S139, W405; adv. B40 Cheaping: G230, M552 Check; 093, T551 Checkmate: M318 Cheek; B519, W537-8 Cheep: M 742 Cheer: G84, M641, M700, S940, W254 Cheerful: B412 Cheese; C134, M659

Index I: Important

Words

Cherish: L531 Cherry-fair: W662 Cherry-time: W662(cl475) Cherry-trees: K25 Chervil: F144 Chess: M132 Chest: A256, €165, L73(al450) Chete: H195 Cheve: prosper S554(al500) Chevisance: F446 Chew: B533, C604 Chewet: С164 Chick: D203 Chicken: C347, H341 Chide: H264, R81, S91 Chiding: sb. С164, M700, P329; adj. T187 Chief: H551, R205(al533) Chieftain: K53(cl500), S220(cl400) Child: A95, B3, C37, D449, F73-4, F353, F421, K53, K81, M59, M81-2, M117, M174, M254, M297, M304, M619, M719-20, P69, P399, R130, S281, S642, S717, V37, W436, W534(1525), Y1 Childhood: Yl(cl400) ChiU; H552(al393), N179(al450) Chimney: G433, W617 Chin: R187, T79 Chinned: G460 Chip; C48-9; F187, S547 Chirk: S573 Chitter; C244 Chivalry; C53, F311, T548 Choice; T505 Choir: C252, T383(al475) Choke; B446 Choking: C240, 093 Chop: L424 Choose: B267, C205, E193, F431, G357, M61, M365, P120, S26, T152, W i l l Choosers: B185 Choosing: F539, T105 Chosen: M651 Chough: H343 Christianity: G295 Christians; N18 Chulle; B25, F487 Church: C147, L38(al500), N30, P202 Churl: A95, E22(cl303), K53(al300), M138, M641, 8961, T188, V36, W436 Churlish; B362 Cinque: N179(al449) Circle: C402 Citizens: L449 City: P241, T122, T342 Clack: M556 Clap: sb. M170(al500), T268; vb. B236, M557, M773, T368, W92

Index

I: Important

Words

Clapper: B228, W513(1509) Clatter: J20, M392 Clatterers: T247 Clattering: sb. M260; adj. W485 Claw: sb. €95; vb. B5, 0264, G7, H67, H237, S84, T356 Clay: C300, E124, N179(cl450), T351(cl450) Clean: adj. B262, B317, B442, C83, C280, C409, C588, F558, GllO, G221, G285, L276, S321, S884 (al400), S900, S929; adv. B563 Clean-fingered: H622 Cleanness: W230 Cleanse: G178(cl395), G298 Clear: vb. M645; adj. AU4, B59, B248, B263, C21, C35, C315, C339, C589, D34, D42, D226, E219, F22, F164, F303, G i l l , G286. G483, L259, L27e, M576, M664, M686, M699, N3, N179 (al393), P159, P162, P225, P266, Q17, R202, S57, S489, S600, S674, S797(cl523), S882, S901, V22, W61, W314, W350 Clearness: P162, S797(al500) Cleave: B595, B620, CIO, F270 (al460), F273, P237, S968, T468 (cl4(X)) Clepe: C447, M365, W605, Y15 Clergy: 053, L531, Y21 Clerk: D343, L531, P31, S90, W436 Cli£F: D205, W79(cl330) dim! Clam!: 094 Climb: A144, F505, G268, S355 Climbing: В186(сШ0), E150, H399 Cling: C286, C300, T468 Clip: S186 Clivers: 095 Cloak: H305 Clob: L123 Clog: A146, N175 Cloister: F233 Close: vb. В14в(с1450), K25, S697 (1525), T263(al500), W541; adj. Gl, 8689, WIO Clot: E26 Cloth: Al 19, 0342, H2, W572 Clothe: G409, P154 Clothes: G235, H446, P149, W550 Clothing: H2, H376, M362, S218, W474(cl395) Cloud: D216, E159, M636, P162, S278, S369, W304 Cloudy: M655(al439), M686, N179 (al393) Clout: sb. B347, F l l , P197, V17; vb. 0344, S259 Clouting: S4 Clove: H543, L187 Club: T81 Cluck: H342

690 Coal: B571, 0132, H612, P236 (cl450), S562(al400), W560 Coat: D106(1490), N183, S558, W550 Cobwebs: L106 Cock: 083 Cocker: M130 Cockney: D51 CofiFer: G288(1439), G308 Coin: sb. A123, M53(cl515); vb. M625 Cold: sb. D417(cl516), G235, H305, MllO, M753; adj. A202, B341, 0125, 0152, 0238, 0281, 0387, F679, H316, H554-5, H633, II, K16, U19, L181, L484, L486, M368, N179(cl385), 031, R66, R149-50, 8432, S758, S779, S790, S854(al475), T355, T412, W309, Y28 Colk: A170, W511 Color: sb. 0135-6, 0306-8, M50, N118, P272, S755, T351(al450); vb. 0332, G144, G309 Colored: T515 Colts: P377(al430) Comb: H231 Combats; W39 Come: A37, A99, A154, A169, A187, B277, B297, B352, B393, B398 (al470), B577,0114, 0447, 0631, Dl, D51, D60, D416-7, D426, E54, E173, E175, F81, F128, F201, F221, F348, F392, F482, F511, F574, F641, G5, G180, G182, G349, G354, G359, H14 (cl400), H86, H170, H289-90, H308, H333, H343, H599, 140, J48, J63-4, J80, K12, L23, L41, L168, L203, L250, L339, L402, L415, L479, M146, M187, M336, M347, M518, M558, M589, M771, N81, N124, N167(1483), N171, N179(cl450), 034, 040, 049, 053, P38, P49, P185, P192 (C1450), P199, P265, P309, P320, P374, P385, P435, Q8, R l l , R86, R94, R120, R137, R140, R206 (al350), S132, S209, S220, S289, 8339, S402, S518, S566, 8715, S731, S942, 8973, T53, T94, T170, T176, T194, Τ2β9-70, T282, T311, T365, W133, W171, W255, W262, W300, W336(cl410), W349, W372, W389, W393, W395, W413, W454, W571, W574, W700, Y28 Comely: L550 Comfort: H216, N108, W372(cl450) Comfortable: B380, N101 Comforter: J47 Coming: G485 Command: M228, S73

Commandment: 0472 Commend: L254, M171, N79, N155 Commendable: M464(cl523), 062 Common: A245, 064, 0364, D48, D97-8, D267, F524, G337, G493, H502, J l l , K41, K93, M104, N47, P258, R234, 8831, T98, T109, V52 Commonalty: T124 Commons; 0364, H426(1456) Commonty: commonalty Τ183 Communication: 8602(1533) Companiers: M212 Companion: H466(1519), W254 Company: H383, K80, M324, P334, S280 Compare: sb. B331; vb. R122 Compel: 013 Complain: sb. R81(cl485); vb. H134, M688, P296, W713 Complaining: W254 Complexion; M360 Con: 0479 Conceal: B45, L169, M472, 8618, T165 Conceits: H230(1513) Conceive; D123 Conclude: M418 Conclusion; A20 Concupiscence: W60(cl500) Condition; M30, M62, M202(cl475), M720(1483), V21 Conduit: W76(cl386) Confession: P64 ConBict: M801(cl458) Confound; B21, S834 Confusion; W529 Congeal: F680, T466 Conquer: L591, P61, 8611 Conqueror: M624 Conscience; R114 Consent; sb. 8733; vb. T74, W517 Consider: A102, T301, W658 Consolation: W715 Constant: W l l Constrain: F489, L544, W327 Construe; F616 Contagious: B195 Conteck; W603 Contempt: H426 Contend: M149 Content: E120, F423, F462, L394, L403, M451, N26 Continuance: M484(cl505) Continue: F380, N161 Contradiction; Τ162 Contrarious; T184, W83 Contrary; sb. E166, H372, L272 (al470), 8951, T115(al449); adj. F525, 8716, TllO-1, T189, W231; adv. 818 Control: B486, W513 Convenient: T447

691

Convert: C293 Cony: C620, H403 Cook: E181 Cool: C126, H552 Cope: G195, G249 Copper: S59 Corby: M516 Cordial: G298 Cords: S841 Core: A170 Corn: C361, D19-20, D374, D409, D418, E76, F128, G298(al500), G441, H156, K24, M560, S7 (cl489), S824, T298, W170, W174, W288, W301 Comers: T512 Corpse; L168 Correct: M 170(1477), W47 Correction: M170(cl450) Corrupt: vb. F274, S602; adj. N179(al450), T201 Corruptible: A93 Cost: sb. S558, Y39; vb. G388, M779, T154 Costage: expense F647 Costen: see Not costen Cottages: T434 Couch! B285, H409, H578, K7, Cough: D28 Coundl: C481, R7 Counsel: sb. A70, C248, D73, D139, D425, F384-5, F404, F421, F426, F439, M252, M273, M279, M303, M801(al449), P407, R66-7, S833, T122, T184, T248, T544, W360, W485, W531(1474), W534, W545; vb. P150 Count: B90, M464(cl523), P266. See also Not count Countenance: C174, L553(cl475), W495 Counter: T138 Counterfeit: vb. A145; adj. S376, W229 Counterfeited: J44 Counterpoise; P130 Country: sb. C145, C350(cl450), K24, L58, M207, P69(cl400), P416, ТбЗ; adj. T283 Couple: sb. 047; vb. S285, Y33 Courage: С145, G214, M87, M655 (cl408), M755(1525), N44, W185 Courageous: L307 Course: E169, F537, F548, K36, L542, T185 Coursers: H4 Court: E135, F85, F633, H419, M73, R180, 8169(1478), S280, W302, W436(cl378) Courteous: C268, L531, M4, W499 Courteously: M4 Courtesy: D88, L531, W595

Cousin: K69, T280, W645 Covenable: suitable S485, T115, T311 Covent: F233 Cover: sb. H229; vb. B45, C155, C416, E167, G154, W623 Covering: S514 Covert: Gl, H440 Covet; A91, E216(al489), G305, K27, L272(al535), T112, YIO Covetise: A91(al449), T184, W114 Covetous: E104, F42, H556, M52-3, M59 Cow; B619, C9, G234, G237, H344, Ml, M71, S976. See also Kine Coward: sb. D239(cl421), D408, F37, F282, M91, W617; adj. H112(1456) Cowardice: P371 Cower: C506 Cowl: H2 Coy: C554, M5, W513(1509) Crab: S156 Crabbed: A139, E60, L6 Crack: N185 Cracknel: H486 Cradle: C222 Craft: A199, F432, L245, L381 (1484), M403, P230, W508, W654, Y32(cl500) Craftily: S938 Crake: creak W207 Crank; P71 Crapaud: T343 Cras: R47 Crave: C115, C214, C241, E38, H338, H411, M506, S171, T107, W2, Y16 Crazed: HI 13 Credence: D387(al533), E97(al393), S952 Cream: M547 Crease; S193 Creature: M97(al475), W654 Creed; J80, P49 Creep; B469, C76, С190, C202, C444, G477, H475, K34, M746, M762, M764, S631 Crescent: C557 Cripple; H50, W229 Crisp: G326 Crock: B571 Croft: C355, K25 Crook; sb. H353, H458; vb. G22 (al460), T470 Crooked; B545, C3, C17-8, G68, H480, L6, P251, R26, T123 Crooknecked: 0 6 7 Crop: sb. G441, N179(cl385); vb. C259 Cross: C469, D191 Cross-bow; Q7 Crouch: C560, D191(cl499)

Index

I: Important

Words

Crow: sb. F34, G397, H626, M36 (1546), M653, P176, R49, S443, S726, S935; vb. C347 Crown; sb. F468, H2, M157, T351 (cl450); vb. E75 Crowned; A225, Κ60 Cruel: B96(1480), B126, H335, L308, M97(cl485), S152, T284 Crumb: C532, C584 Crupper: M377 Crusts: W686 Cry: B237, B589, C66, C354, C469, C534, C534.1, C536, F577 (al325), H398(al500), M506 (al533), M807, N113, 072, R47, R49, W40, W207, W464(1485), Y39 Crystal; J32, J35 Cuckold; sb. C30, C603, M321, W247; vb. H452 Cuckoldry: H483 Cuckoo: A174, B565, C351, M653, N111, T342 Culpable; RllO Culpon: E46 Culver: A44, D364. See also Dove Cumber; S280 Cunning; sb. B612, C363, H435, K38, L380, M241, M362(1513), Q5; adj. D370, M463, S972 Cup; C487, G167(1522), L304, N21, SUO Cur: C350 Cure: sb. L172, N50, T324; vb. C414, T300 Curry: F85, H525 Curse: sb. P450, T124; vb. M117 (1484), M756, S286 Cursed: B199, L412, S744, T344, T465(cl400) Cursedly; L406 Cursing: D342 Custard: M105 Custom; H59, 013, S602, T63, U8, UIO Customably: T182 Cut; sb. C654; vb. A145, C309, C342, C373, P443, S102, S264, TIO, T217, T385, T388, T471 (1477) Cutting; R51

Daft: B125 Dagger: P261, T395 Dainteous: 564 Dainty: C176, 0178, C366, D249, D257, F58(cl522), P270, S330 Dais; M614 Daisy: R205(1513) Dales; D371 Dam; C94, D181, L385, P230

Index Ι: Important

Words

Damage: A48, B46, D153, F636, S588, S607 Dame: C190, D25, D181, F82(1546), G213, K76, M722, S352, S718 Damn; M412 Damsels: F58(cl522) Dance: sb. C87, L535; vb. A88, A235, B159, C15, C311, C599, D191, D295, F471, N92, N179 (al508), P222, S527, T437, W667 Danger: M91, M314, P130, P336 Dangerous: D157, S977 Dank: D223 Dare: B149, G381, H123, H421, L476, LSœ Dark: sb. F557; adj. C325, H330, H337, M529-30, M593, M616, M687, M692, N103, N105, N108, N179(al393), P234, R159, R178, S2, T75, T163 Darkness; L261, N179(al449), P166, S751, TH0(cl450) Darling: M48 Darnel: C361(al449), C433, C437 Dash: L348, T271(al533), T408 Date: D200, T256 Daubing: C527 Daughter: F80(1509), M409, M720, T504, W91 Daunt: F570, L540, L545, V41 (al400), W408 Day: A75, B43, B237, B292, D96, D306, E157-8, F543, F561, F564, F566, F577(al500), F647, G60, 0335, G367-8, H527, L261, M246, M684, M687, M693, N107-8, N179(al393), 081, R85, R183, S26, S121, S437{al400), S877-80, S897(cl400), S903, S921, T75, T110(cl450), T163, T307 (cl425), W555, W671(cl390), Y38 Daylight: F56e(al445), N101 Dead: sb. Q14; adj. A203, B171, B425, C117, D187-8, D202, D317, D352, D435, F63, F577(al400), F594, G275, H388, H580, K72, M49, M54-6, M294, M323, M325, M484, N15, N179, S739, S759, T351, T455, W472 Deaf: A210, D291, E14, S301, S742, S760 Deal: A33, E38, E183, F425, H320, J41, S285 Dealing: W616 Dear: adj. 0167, 0473, D300, F334, 084, G288(cl470), H97, L182, L234-5, L244, M502, M596, P368, R243, S293, S379, S826; adv. A31, B40, F58, H439, M147, W420 Dearly: B42, B636, N163, W680 Dearth: D418 Dearworth: M307

692 Death: 051, D116, D149(cl440), D242(1523), E80(1506), E87, G205, H181, H269, 139, K55, L42, L237, L241, L246(1556), L491, L523, L532, M32, M242, M289-90, M318, M354, M488, M554, M670, M688, N21, S376, S932, T87(1532), T255, T371, W689 Debate: sb. F46, F426.1, N86, R29, W487, W603, Y33; vb. S91 (al475) Debt: B214, D17, D192, E30, M464 (al500) Decay: H257, S56 Deceit: F585, F645, G451, M560 (1532), S98(cl475), W532 Deceitful: T119 Deceivable: F585, H450 Deceive; B157, B223.1, 032, 0463, D119, E97(al400), F4, F158, F243, F544, F582-3, H137, H461, H467, H470, M234, M577, S834, W49 (cl450), W505, W532, W671 (al449) Deception; S146, S938(cl458), W70 (al439) Declare: E166, F396, TUO Decline: A200, ЕИЗ Deed; B419, 0256, 0258, E84 (al450), G364, H372, 150, K69, L376, M57, M167, M334, M346, N79, T63, T87, Τ23β, T246, Τ383(1450), T533, УЗб, W267, W578, W589, W605, W638, W642, W645, W651 Deem: В268,0258,0409, D128, Fl, F370, F624, 0492, H553, 162, M50, M57-8, M107, M342, M578, N136-7, S464, T130, Т326(1546), W411 Deep: adj. S103, S248; adv. G374, W70 Deer: H582(cl400), L348, W464 Deface: 0406 Default: 0622, E199, G200, G411, P170, P271 Defence: D78, R45, R92, T297, W27, W251, W494 Defend: B394, 0474, 0567, E97 (al450), H217, L340, T291, T436 Deffle: S217(al440) Defiled; 8483 Defoul; F121, 069, P236, S891 Defraud: B213 Defy: M459 Degree: M216, N179(al439), P18 (1509), P336, T141, V46 Deignous: B413 Delay: sb. D450, L384, P145, S390, 8666; vb. H473, N35, S394, T348, T538 Delectable: L3

Delicate: P268 Delicately: B426 Delices: M700, P329 Delicious: H441, L276 Delight: sb. E176, M329-30, P408, T355; vb. R91, T142 Deliver: vb. 0148, M192, M483, T67; adj. F564(1481) Delve: A38, P232 Demand; B636, P299 Demure: D360 Demurely: 0259 Dent: T266(al420), T268, T471 Deny: A214, 8935, W502 Depart: Ηβ8, M123, M359, P334, 5184(1484), 8414(1484), T476, W605(cl450), W626 Dere: 0651, 0276(cl300), T86. See also Not dere Derf: D382 Derision: S93 Dem; D134 Derve; H654 Descend; 0296, G490, N43 Descending: M 727 Desert: M495 Deserve: E178, M39, M495, W190 Deserving: L506 Desire: sb. M75, M77, P266, W264(cl450), W267(al533); vb. B300, D166, G96, G340, L574, M53, M289, M511, N138, T115 (al449), T120, T162, T170, W507, W539, W549 Desiring: S866 Despise: A103, D438, 073, M278, M574, P295 Despising: Η42β Despite; sb. H426, M329-30; prep. B112, T418 Destine: K77 Destiny: DIOB, G224, W164 Destroy: 0345, G276(cl450), H33, S220(al420), S602, T201, V20, W703 Devall: descend N179(1501) Devil: 025, DIO, F666, G258, L188, M271, M492, M580, R112, S17, 8337, 8346, S639, S665, T48, W508, W530, W634 Devotion; 028, P355, W370 Devour: D408, L341, T298, W455 Devout: 8252 Devoutly: G259 Dewy: D414 Diabolic: 8346 Diamond; T221(cl500) Dice: Μβ40 Die: A131, B137, D105, D114, D276, D321, E36, E87, E136, F618, G177, 0453, H599, H647, 149, K49, K52, L41(cl370), L408, L411, L448, M32, M41, M88,

693 Die (cont.) M229, M246, M354, M505, M716, 083, P167, P298, R i l l , S220 (cl400), S849, S964, T208, W163 Diet: L175, M142 Dieugarde: В156 Differ: J24. See also Not differ Difference: F680(1533), J35 Difficult: N162 Difficulty: M307 Dig: P232 Digestion: S377 Dight: put D149(cl440) Dighting: L19 Digne: D268 Dignity: B186(al449) Dike: D202, H592(al460), P232, S440 Düigence: Y32(cl450) Dilute: W80 Din: sb. T279; vb. S254, T271 Dine: D158, F213, S284 Dint: S843, T271(cl400), W634 Dip: K68 Dirt: D201 Dirty: P330 Disciple: M401, M404, M407 DiscomBt: H272 Discord: C404, M571, T136 Discordant: W605 Discourage: H291 Discover: E23, F426, L173(cl380), W237 Discoverings: TUO Discreet: T367, T391 Discrimination: D270 Disdain: sb. N179(al450); vb. Ш 2 0 , K82 Disease: G247, H251, N78, N179 (cl516), P329, W603 Disgrace: M191 Dish: D301, F336, M294, Μ468, S330 Dishful: H364 Dishonest: B306(1402) Dishonor: D239(cl450) Dispend: M670, N100 Disperse: S220(al393) Displease: A103, P54 Dispose: M67, M162 Dispraise: AlOl, M173(al440), N139, T113 Dispraising: H426 Dispute: M50(1479), S160 Dissever: V47 Dissolve: F509, W102, W104 Distaff: L95, R78, T432. See also Rock (2) Distance: E138, P266 Distemperance: H254(1533) Distill: D414, L380 Distorted: W265 Distrain: M774

Distress: G105, M236, N179(cl475), P384, P389(cl475) Distrouble: 154 Disturb: A75, N160 Ditch: B350, D300, L24, P232, W76(cl380), W79(al500) Divers: H230, T474, W112 Diverse: F370, M202, P52, S90 Diversity: T63(cl385) Divide: H320, K62, R55 Division: A17, C173, G410 Dizzy: A210, S575 Do: A48, Α13β, A194, B44, B217, B223, B269-71, B417, C287, C399, C455, C470, D9, D125-7, D138-9, D142, D339, E93, E184-5, E188, F15, F387, F438, F599, F636, G208, G274, G276 (cl400), G347, G353, G493, H84, H134, H140, H158, H185, H264, 112, 117, J62, L392, M59, M63, M67, M80, MlOl, M115, M133, M189, M199, M316, M319, M346, M366, M478, M481, M490, M533, M673, M681, M705, M771, M785, M789, N150, N156, N177, 015, P359, P361, P397, P441, R184, S73, S80-1, S 1 4 3 ^ , S264, S336, 8346, S396, 8657, T114, T163, T193, T197-9, T348, T461, T535, U l , W45, W219, W360, W470, W520, W542, W620, W660, Y23, Y32 Dock: sb. G421, P53; vb. TIG Doctrine: M329-30 Dog! C86, G91, G248, H21, H567, H569, H592, H594, L569, M150, P89(cl395), Rl, R3, 899, T12, T552, W88, W215, W500 Doing: E127, S83, V21 Dole: L90, L272(al449), M96, N179(cl450) Dolefully; L406 Dolor: N179(al450), P265 Dolorous: N179(cl475) Domination: B186, C271, D104, D394, E105 Doom: C257, D45, M38, R184, T74, W702 Doomsman: K53 Door: B187, C254, D107, D335, D342, H177, H608, H614, M290, M292, M299, W243, W308, W349, W468 Doortree: D352 Dotage: T123 Dote: M256 Doted: D291 Double: vb. G76{cl433), S512; adj. F8, F13, F516, M174, T288, W641 Doubleness: F516(al449), H288, P134

Index I: Important

Words

Doubt: sb. B65, L387, L517, N137, T197; vb. G257, H580, M343, M354, P197, T172, W87, W685. See also Not doubt Doughty: D35 Dove: A44, C608, D380, G382, P230, T539. See also Culver Dow: see Not dow Dowf: L120, 8776(1513) Down: sb. 8437(al400), S449; adv. N179(1372) Dozen: H291 Draff: P89(al410), S535 Dragon: L201 Drake: D430, F32(cl400), F80, G460 Draw: A39, B169, B359, B433, C62, C395, D149(cl400), D322, D428, F124, F483, G79, G306, H491, H519, H526, J70, L272(al400), L303, M2, M93, M130(cl470), M224, M339, M344, 082, 084, 090, P145, P374, R29, R49, S333, S818, T44, T115, T225, T466, W72, W86, W464(al420), W716 Drawk: C437 Drawn: W375 Dread: sb. A67, B194(cl300), G438, H460, L60, L517, M498, N179 (1513), 013(cl500), R99, 8177, 8297, T44(cl475), W134; vb. A45, A225, CIO, C268, D89, D206, D277, D387(al440), E179, F398, G215, H53, H279, M83, M160, M338, M343, M348, N85, N140, P143, P424, R14, R221, S215, 8253, 8352, T75, T81, T124, W256, W304, W38Í, W685. See also Not dread Dreadful: H i l l , H388, T266, W42 Dream: L241, P420, S951-2 Dreariness: L272(al449) Dreary: W254 Dree: suffering sb. Y8; vb. W557 Dregs: P89(1509) Drench: B422, W84 Drenkled: M730 Dress: sb. RIO; vb. B12, H492 Dretching: Ρ145 Dried: P318 Drift; 8450 Drink: sb. B364, G125(cl475), D108, L5, M478, M480, P27, W71, W360(cl450), W601, we5i (al450); vb. A147, B324, B475, B529, C627-8, D108-9, D373, D389, D427, D433, E36, E38, G105, G374, H541, L594, M53, M154, M697, N21, ( Ш , P455, 8140, S348, 8440, S638, 8651, 8941, T521, W353, W360 Drinking: W368

Index

Ι: Important

Words

Drinkless: D423 Dril: T523 Drive: A16, B107, B138, B176 (al500), C56, D23, D199, D223 (alSOO), D323, D384, D445, F202, F454, G39, H581, N6, N8, P374, S420, S660, S787, S894, T54, T141, T279, T419, W21, W168, W180, W343, W464 Driven; S436 Drone: B175 Droop: H123 Drop: sb. M536, SI 12, W76; vb. D222, H639, P232(al400), S735 Dropping: sb. T187; adj. M645 Dropsy: M53 Drought: N179(al450) Drown: C596, S250, W84, W416 Drowned: M730, R36, S532 Drowning: M137 Drunk: A85, A140, D255, D354, F330, M103, M126, M174, R92, S534, S694, S955, T188, T253, W242 Drunkelew: F330 Drunken: C217, C619, D174, M60, M731, S966(cl470), S968 Drunkenness: C125(1509), D404 Drunk-li^t: F330 Dry: sb. D416; vb. G431, S661; ad/. B62, B522, B606, C66, C282, C552, C582, C616, D400, D403, D415, F229, F283, H205, 119, M700, N179, P26, S109, S188, S647, S723, S725, S740, S776, T332, T454, T461, W662(cl450) Duck: F21 Dulcet: H428 Dull: vb. F77; adj. A218, B181, L120-1, S761, 8776(1513) Duly: G259(al500) Dumb: B125, D80, D291, D347, D352, F222, 120, M276, S741, S762, T455 Dun: M648 Dung: D232, H543, 8970(1484) Dunghill: C350, F21, G433, S441, S716, T523 Dunging: S439 Dunned: D292 Dure: F694, T195 Dust: B611, E22, N179(cl450), T355, W66 Duty: B214(cl500) Dwell: B174, C99, C289, C479, D115, D207, H425, H573, M321, T i l l , W556, W632 Dwelling: M735, P201(al449) Each: B223, T115-8 Eager: E141, Η5βΟ, L309, T285 Eagle: B430, C610, K75, L38, T185

694 Ear: sb. A113, D386, E210, F127, F259, H154, H501, H594, L558, M735, M766, P239, S161, S540, T33, W450; vb. plow C504, G441, MHO, 087, R49, S542(cl250), T298(1471). See also Plow vb. Earl: E22(cl303), W436 Early: adj. W310; adv. E139, G259, 147, M410, N179(al400), R143, S89, S644(cl475), T222 Earnest: G21, K69, S641 Earth: B296(al500), B424, D243 (al439), D412, D442, E143, F472, G60, G418, H281, M240, N154, P170, P201, P420, R22, S38, T121, T185, T188, T298, T351, T505, V24, W74, W122 Earthen: P319, 5240(1509) Earthly: C615, G102, T87(cl425), T99, T144, T355 Ease: C31, F86, F423, F503, F513, G247, H445, H449, 165, L388, L394, L577, M482, N168, N173, N179(1484), P44, S859 EasUy: C54, M307 East: W337 Easy: B12, B425, B598, C484, L529, S73, T436, WlOO, W648, Y39 Eat: A157, A160, B283, B348, B513, B520, B522, C5, C93, C500, D310, D408, E35, F77, F232, F349, F418, F575, F626, G164-5, G176, G259, G383, G444, H341, H355, H437, H532, H564-5, H614, K90, L396, L437, M40, M470, M474, N67, P37, P63, P277, R46, S39, 867, S440, S535, S639, S662, S940, 8960, W373, W406, W473, W592, W651 Eater: W406 Eath: B12, M121, T436 Ebb: sb. F295, F300, G330, N179 (al439), P424; vb. N179(al393), S i l l , S116, W148, W332(al500), W671(cl390) Ecce: D195 Edge: F77, F253 Edge-tool: T388 Edmod: D358 Edwit: 076 Eel: H80, S37, 8154, W327, W541 Eelskins: M504 EtFect: G121, H551, P438 Egal: L297 Egg: A157, A256, B178, €352, C603(cl515), E343, F113, G386, G394, N87, P439, Y19. See also Ay Eking: D341 Elbow: D211 Eld: sb. A36, C490, F145, M181, M308, Y33; vb. 8194; adj. F668, M267(cl395), S151, Y24

Elded: T129 Elder: A240, C230, N94 Electuary: B579 Elenge: miserable W436(cl378) Elephant: E68 Eleven: S173 Ell: 128, 131-3 Embrace: F540, M774 Embroider: Μ429 Emerald: P89(al410), S398 Empty: vb. S112; adj. A74, B225 (al475), F697, H89, T518-9 Enamel: Al 16 Enchase: pursue L348(al420) Encounter: M320 Encumbered: C409 End: sb. B41, B67, B195-6, B200-1, B204-8, B210, CI 19, C388, D94, D97(cl390), D129, E131-2, E164 (cl500), F51, F92, F150, F159, F187, F695, G20, G336, H28, H245, J58, L59, L94, L237, L494, M144, M807, N180, P348, P371, P389, P413, Q8, R120, R195, S145, S491(cl400), S620, S653, T87, T150, T166, T180, T200, W180, W411-2, W638, W646-7, W669; vb. E186, J58, L254, L399, L406, L408(1506), L417, L504, M188, M809, P265, T21, T104, W431, W638 Ended: LlOO Ending: A62(al500), B13, B199, B203-5, B207, B209, B346, C484, D137, E84-5, H109, L250, L412, L537, M347, M500, T446 Endurance: T450 Endure: H277(al420), K62(al439), L526, L555, M183, M236, M438, M503, N12(1450), N15, P267, P325, S711, S860, S946, T196, T318, Τ4β4, W134, W140, W255, W557, W657, Υ32(1450) Enemy: D408, F398, F635-6, Γ66β-7, G219, M80, M83, M146, M169, M200, M348, P417, R29, S512, W717 Engender: F572, G168(al400), G418, H159, H426, L228, M753, N161, R96, S607 Engleim: H437 Engorged: B316 Enhance: F512, H493, T351 Enjoy: M183 Enmity: F669 Enough: C488, E28, F462, M53, M290, M676, W45, W713 Enrage: L365 Enraged: B387 Enrich: B412, M267(1484), P154 (1519) Ensue: P385(1509) Enter: F95, L342, P256, W387

Ó95 Entering: W41 Enterprise: N146(1523) Entice: G168, M121 Entry; W41 Envious: E107, H270, M68, M300 Envenom: S96 Envy: sb. E107, РбП, H181, H399, P369; vb. F513 Equality: C401, L551 Err: H362, T237, W422 Errand: D373, F410, R134, S384 (1546), W399 Error: B66, C539, D145, L109 Escape: D137, D169(cl421), M224, W38 Eschew: D169, E96, E193(1465), M224, M338, T173, W527 Espousal: W275(al393) Espy: L499 Estate: M216, N179(al439), P428, T188, W147, W714 Este: sb. A256; adj. B505 Esteem: see Not esteem Eternal: E174 Eteme: T195 Ettling: M347 Eure: destiny W39(al420) Eve: M694, T168 Even: sb. D43, D404, E160(1505), M697, 018, R155, W281; ad). B363, G68, L298, M86, P105, R61, W117(al400) Evening: M688, M695 Evensong: D40 Ever: S552 Every: B237, V29, W301, W430-1 Everything: T87-8 Evil: sb. C491, D142, D278, F599, H139(al450), 16,18, M189, M199, M483, N56, N124, P389, R58, S893, T180, V7, W117, W358, W496, W630; adj. A20, A58, B199, Β34Θ, B467, C397, C403, C502, C570, C652, D30, D129, D392, F51, F539, F541, F684-5, F689, L88, L250, L412, L434, L455(al460), M84, M196, M360, M403, M807, N11, N75, N79, P47, Ρ362, Q8, R140, S602, T114, T282, T392, T400-1, T446, T465(cl395), T530-1, T535, W170, W241, W387, W503, W580, W630, W647; adv. A61, F660, G51, G179,112, L59, L467, M402, P339, R120, W571, W586 Evil-gotten: G333 Evilly: M190, 0 6 4 Exalt: C363 Examine: S327(cl395) Example: L247, M 170(1511), W47 Exceed: L592, P161, S248(al440) Excel: P161, R205(1513) Excellent: M181, M455

Excess: G167, R89, R140 Exchange: W671(al393) Excite: B243 Excrement: L451 Excuse: D421, 19, MHO, W533 Execute: T164 Executor: E38, H326, M59 Exercise: L175 Exile: sb. P201(cl421); vb. D422 Express: T58 Extinct: L253 Extreme: N44 Extremities: V45, W117(al500) Eye: A156, A180, B37, B238, €13, C92, C235, C578, D362, D445, E l , E84(1556), F127, F155, F671, G62, G66, G395, H292, H356, H654, L72, L260, L377, L558, M153, M579, M653, M710, N88, N115, P40, P282, P366, S231, S411, S506, T257, T547, W365, W370, W450, W538 Eyebrows: B572 Fable: R157, R185, S952(al400), W244 Face: F516, G208, H271, L38 (al464), M167, M196, N39, P243 (1534), P282, P352, S940, V51 Fade: B498, D223(1439), F238, F279, F291, F317, F323(al425), H207, L134, L145, R208, 8184 (1479) Fading: R203 Fage: F593 Fail; A179, B196, F2, F51(cl475), F66, F238, F318, F390, F448, F514-5, F637, G21 l(al449),G276, G410, G462, H232, H300-1, H507, K28, K38, L80, L462, L515, L556, M235(1509), M638, M801 (cl400), P134, P384, R75, S184 (1484), S330, S414(cl350), S608, S795, T144, T491, T508 Fain: B215, F23, F399, F561-3, M337 Faint: A204, F88, F305, F390, F571, H112, H291, L515 Faintise: P371 Fair: sb. D60, F557, G230, M65, W662; adj. A18, A75, A125, A132, A155, B197, B200, Б215, B302, B609, C72, €177, €313, €568-9, D35, D232, D234, E158-9, E219, F4, F18, F24, F50, F276, F301, F304, F310, F571-3, G288, G365, H109, H311, 149, K73, L152, L276, L550, M16, M196, M206, M437, M570, M579, M651, M691, M760, N76, N179(al437), P15, P74, P102, P161(1506), R l l , R197, R203, S16, S59, S119, S138, S284

Index

I: Important

Words

S342, S589, S601, S603-5, S617-8 5797(1502), S859(cl475), S878, 5883, 5929, T18-9, T117, T119, T245, T355, W64, W153-5, W238, W351, W486, W490, W498, W528, W550, W581-5, W593, W620-1, W623-4, W628, W656, W692; adv. A90, €633, D122, 5578, 5580 Fairly: B615, F240, M196 Fairness: B150, P74, 5891, TUO (1490) Fait: F89 Faith: D387(al533), F5, H536, L79, M203, W618 Faithful: F631 Faken: T119 Falcon: €567, D428, F578-9, P41 Falcon-gentle: R45 Fall: sb. €296, D156, H279, M45, 045, P393, 5341, 5357, 5457, 5669, 5850, T534; vb. A9, A13, A201, B160, B349-50, B354, B544, €86, €103, €139, €190, €235, €294-5, €401, €440, D56-7, D90, D412, E113, E180, F122, F272, F319, F323(al425), F336, F427, F434, F531, F554-5, F601, F688, F700, G408, G454, G463, G479, H14, H252, H307, H313-4, H404, H539, L143-4, L343, L435, M170 (1513), M200, M235(cl340), M636, M724, N43, N179(1533), 0 6 , 08-9, 054, P142-3, P232, P384, R18(cl500), R123, R141, R144, 5191-2, 5201, 5355, 5357, 5427, 5435, 5588, 5649, 5670-1, 5684, 5777, 5781, 5794, 5828, S845-6, S915, 5950, 5965, T83, T128, T138, T173, T181, T294, T467, T471, T477, T493, T527, W74, W154, W348, W434, W451, W464(1439), W682 Falling: M581 Fallow: sb. A78, H618; vb. F320, €432, L145; adj. F296 False: sb. W423; adj. A152, B199, €390, €428(cl400), D136, D175, D387, E94, F132, F526, F680, F700, G35, G192, 149, J38, J67, K83, L79, L221, L412, M69, M114, M184, M309, M577, P120, Q8, 598, 5124, 5138, 5495, 5589, 5594, 5857, 5938(al470), T22-3, T67(al439), W524, W581, W611 Falsehood: F18, F51, F609, 5292, T448, T453, W593 Falsely: G336 Falseness: G452 Falset: F51 Fame: N11-2(1478), R122 Familiar: E97, H426(1450) Famüiarity: H426

Index

I: Important

Words

Famish: G31 Famous: M94 Fan: T509 Fang: F577, H91, J79 Far: adj. C316, F573, N81, S395, T283; adv. A169, D262, E20, E213, F17, F632, G348, K24, M566, N179(cl385), R237, S132, 8307(1518), W222 Fare: sb. M679, R140; vh. B107 (clSOO), B146(al400), B395, B588, B626, D149(al300), D206, D324, E42, F18, F33, F203, F246, F251, F292, F321, G19, G22, G183, G330, G433, L145(al450), L344, L368, L457, M196, M293, M496, M499, P69(al200), 87, S220 (alSOO), 8626, T272, T295, V5, W89, W102, W319, W404, W456, W556, W665 Farewell: sb. W186; interj. D49, D196, F130, G47, N30, P157, P295, S438, T364 Farmers: T298 Fart: sb. P152, P228; vb. H384 Farther: P276 Farthing: V47 Fashion: E108, M70 Fast; sb. N42; cb. C231, D43, D331(cl500), L391, P37; adj. C484, F564, 8417(1533), 8659, S921, T51, T266(cl450), W290; adv. B287, C383, C571, D301, H412, 034, P281, R238, T204 Fasting: B239 Fat: P324; adj. B8, B335, G143, E35, F697(1546), G14, H403, L61, M479, M701, 022, P308, 8117, 8536-7, 8959, W200 Fatal: M239 Fate: M225, W179-85 Fathom: A15 Father: C208, C225, C228, D186, 8463-4, S719, W478, Yl(al496) Fatted: O i l Faucet; W356 Fault: В13, D154, M122, M170 (1477), M235, 8590, 8802 Faultless: L67, L255 Favor: sb. F367, F542, T21, T124, W522; vb. L98 Favored: V51 Fawn: 8549 Fear: sb. A67(1556), B194, L8, L387, L517, M498, M727, M746, P336, R113, R117, R191, T197; vb. B15, F398, F416, F609, H58, P142, 5177(1513), S916, W6S Feared: H112 Fearful: M732, W261 Feast: C176, E115, G61, M700, P268, S402, 8917 Feat: K69, M205

696 Feather; B299, B302, C564, F573, G391, M301, P72, P74, R42, S357, 8929-30, T30, T122, W363 Featherbed; T247 Featherless: B437 Fed: B316 Feeble: sb. DlOO; adj. B530, F89, G109, G117, H183, H561, H645, P230, R129, T465(cl390), T471, W298(al500), W618 Feeblest; W129 Feebly: M499 Feed; B426, B513, C500, G31, G485, H404(al470), H464, H647, M81, M459, P293, S959 Feel: F674, L287, N80, P299, S141, 8400 Feer: H336 Feign: F50, F388, F594, 8583 (cl500), T500, W378 Feigned: F53, F365, F669, F673 Feint: P134 Fele: F93, G423, H19, L136, M85, M202(al400), M365, 8675, W593-4 Felicity: N179(al439), 8519 Fell: sb. cm, 8363; vb. F109, R15, 8372; adj. A210, B96(cl515), D176, F165, F586, G9, L201 (al475), L310, 895, T286, W496, W502, W524 Fellow: F447, F634(cl415), G212, H16, H596, L108, L220, L382, M93, M805, R108, R124, 8283, T74, T543(1483), W715 Fellowred: F442 Fellowship: F45, H426(cl450), H596, L462, U 9 5 , P295, P334 Felonious; H271 Felony: M130(cl470) Feitered: F358 Fen: B125(cl400), C287, R171 (cl450), 8962, 8968(cl400), T342 Fend: A183 Fere: sb. T543(al500), W254; adf. F223 Ferly: ad/. B201; adv. W439 Fem: 8438 Ferry-boat; N1710(1513) Fervent: F166, F218, G140, L212, W560(1534) Festered: 845, ЛУбЭЗ Festu: M710 Fet: W582 Fetch: D209, F201, L188, W86 (cl477), W582 Fetters: H604, M237 Fever: D393, L513 Few: sb. M85, M365, P301; adj. E99(1525), K63, М59(с1490^ M312, M328, P335, W575, W586-8, W595, W691, Y16 Fewer; M679

Fey: D90, M88, T351(1404) Fickle: F587, W291 Fiddle: sb. W709; vb. C87 Fidelity: 013(1484), T543 Fie: P379 Field: A72, B415, F308(cl455), F318, F323, F326(al400), H266, L38, MIO, R145, 8527, T254, T298, W38, W187, W617, W671 Fiend: M73(cl515), 816, 819, 8639, T402 Fiendly: 8346 Fierce: B342, B388(al450), B390, B585, D377, E64, F112, F167, F283.1, F705, G141, H145, L201 (cl450), L306, L309, L311, L315, L323, T266(1513), T285, T287, T289, U4, W292 Fifth: W206 Fifty; P69(cl300) Figs: G421(cl395), N94, T223 Fight: sb. B65-6, F281, M534, M801(cl400), 051; vb. B146 (cl450), B396, C623, G638, D381, E13, F428, F545, H325, H582 (cl400), H640, L345, M497, 036, P319, 8486, T102, T550, W320, W464, W482 Fighters: F533 F i t t i n g ; F143 File: sb. G298(al500); vb. 158, Ρ23β(ο1515), T378 Fill: B238, B240, C623, E212, M380, VII Filth; C269, H57, P89(1509), P236 Final: B67 Find: AIO, A65, A106, A217, B287, B447-8, D182, D278(1506), D385, E38, F379, F389, F420, F447, F634(al325), F641, F663, F674, G25, H107, H126, H131, H136, H260, K98, L47, L346, L436, L465, L499-500, L541, M19-20, M59, M64, M80(1525), M171, M177, M284, M385, M416, M620, M680, N87, N90, N135, P92, P271, P350, P418, P450, R108, S63, 8136, S514(al450), 8579, S951, T15, T33, T119, T151, T160, T190-1, T293,T307(al475), W75, W113, W142 Fine: sb. B199, E80(al420), P413; vb. G298(cl400); adj. R143, 8310, 8322, 8884 Finger: B173, C418, E220, H432, L293, M148, P251, R134, 8506, T358 Finish: sb. F498; vb. G102 Fire: sb. B343, B505-6, B623, C201, C337, F71, F157, F250-2, F430, F476, F680(1533), F696, F703, G107, G154, G298, G311, G450, G484, H53, H58, H335-6, M33,

697 Fire (cont.) M 170(1513), M522, M757, N3, 024, P323(cl450), P327, R77.1, S334, S410, S433, S559, S562-3, S568-9, S622, S727, S779, T121, T183, W60, W64, W83, W102 (cl300), W103-6, W261-2, W359, W502, W541, W560; vb. H616 Firm: K48(cl460), S698, S707, T433, W13 Firmament: S54(cl390), S881 (al456) Firmest: S669 Fiist: adj. B385, L435, M418, P281, R130, S403, S843-4, T32, T471, V41, Y8; adv. C382, C448, G78, L524, L562, M558 Fish: sb. C93, F418, H597, L414, M653, R147, T115, W473; vb. С122, F675, N91 Fishing: N91(1546) Fist: T263 Fitting: B363 Five: E54, M383, S215(al400), S220(cl400), 5813(1532) Fixed: A120, H380 Пай: G298(al500) Flakes: F297 Flame: sb. B506(al425), L154, L218, L581, W560; vb. F207, S776 Flaming: F168, L212 Flat: C2, F601, P194, S837 Flat-mouthed: F329 Flatter: C413, D120(cl520), F593, S96, S580(cl495) Flatterer: F628, T395 Flattering: sb. F85(al450); adj. T24, W596 Havor: sb. B581; vb. S412 Пах: F182(cl450), S835, T432 Пау: C90, F112, F286, F604 Пеа: F336, G178, L149 Hecche: B201 Flecked: P175 Flee: A46, A183, B139, B176, B312 (al533), C250(cl450), C526, D97, DUO, D169, D208, D239(al375), E98, E129, E200, F32(cl400), F134, F141, F204, F245, F323 (al425), F387, F548, F578, F602, F672, G215, H124, H151, H253, H350, H582(cl400), H626, K30, L43, L84, L272(al470), L348 (al350), L446, L487, M32, M242, M326, M359, N175, PIG, P41, P151, P295, P408, R75, S180, S215(cl300), S221, 8335(1502), S414(al425), S892, S904, T120, T171, T187, T291(cl450), T318, V16, V40, W103, W117(al500), W336(1513), W549 Fleece: S316, W474(al508)

Fleeing: L243 Fleers: F141{cl470), F637 Fleet: D223(1449), F72, H366, W104 Fleeting: W298 Flesh: B444, B615, C373, F235-6, L396, M414, S41, S214, S635 Fleshly: D395, L228 Fleur-de-lis; L280 Fley: F343 Fleying: T28 Fli^it: B295, E141, F23, F25, F28, F30, F140, F562, F564-5, F567, F569, F577(cl380), 126, M140, M534, N179(01390), S923(cl380), T185 Hinder: B623 Fling: H15 Flint; D412, F189-90, H277(cl500), S562, S566 Flit: F603, M497, T350, V5(al513) Flitch: C208, D440, L396 Flite: P66 Flitting: sb. F428; adj. F305 Float: F268 Flock: C352, S217, S292, S383, W460, W464(cl489) Flood: sb. C114, D109, D413, E39, E41-2, F238, G330, N117, N179 (al449), S248, S830, T325(1509), W70, W74, W148, W643(1447), W671(al449); vb. R22 Floor; R187 Flounder: F696 Flour: B512-3, F55 Flourish: F322 Flow: sb. E39, N179(al439); vb. F293, N179(al393), P424, S i l l , S116, W76, W148, W332(al500), W671(cl390) Flower: sb. B383(cl400), B497, B547, B583, C613, F146, F692, G34, 0436, H418, L243, L283-5, M220, M422, M663, N95, N179, R205-6(1447), R212-7, S153, W171, W372, W671, vb. F255, F323, F538 Flowered: B196 Flute: W709 Fly: sb. B49, B348, E2, F20, L106; vb. B297, B299, B303, B311, C28, 0436, 0571, E143-4, F23, F32 (cl400), F239, F288, F350, F562, F567, F569, F577(al400), F57981, H14(al533), H201, J65, K75, M140(cl400), Q7, S363, S444, S566, S631, T30, T55, T325, W321, W363-4, W622 Flying: 0 5 3 3 Fnort: H533 Foam: sb. M546, P233; vb. B397, B404, S968(al500) Fodder: G439

Index I: Important

Words

Foe: A178, B513, C460,0467,0611, D408, E97, E99, F527, F529, F546, F635, F646, F652, F662, F666, G81, G341, H465, H571, M80, M177, M630, M801(cl458), N179(1372), 037, T376, W45, W692 Fog: R178 Foils: W372 Foison: G228 Fold: sb. B146(cl450), E25, F109, S211, S220, S223, S227-8; vb. F246, L I 14 Folk: F384, F530, LlOO, M124, N81, QIO, R92, S60, T299, V42, W27, W648 Follow; A69, C12, 0460, 0526, E161, E163, F7, F295, F335, F338, G465(cl402), H55, H582, K29, L44, L487, L505, M62, M326, M360, M687, M692-3, M720(cl450), N43, P68, P269, P385(cl420), R89, S121, S181, S186, S222, S519, T410, V5, V49, W372, W522 Follower: F267 Folly: sb. B151, B188, 0159, E211, F391, F403, F443-4, F451, F 4 5 3 ^ , M265, M339, P65, R81, S834, W150, W378; adj. H461, W578 Food: F469, W675 Fool: sb. B146(al500), B215, B420, 0229, 0248, 0465-6, D28, D150, D290, D355, E28(1549), E114, F549, G236, 0406, H464, H467, H477, L438, M93, M158, M162 (cl500), M174, M197, M224, M253, M260, M267(cl395), M296, M302, M329-30, M339-41, M344-5, M349, M584, M655 (1422), M785, N180, P245, P298, P427, R81(1509), R157(1546), S952(al400), T123, T178, T188, T351(cl450), T391, T491, W386, W393, W396, W400, W486, W505(1484), W578-9, W704; adj. A213 Foolhardy: S211(cl450) Foolish: 0149, 0485, D159, E129, H469, R98, S575, W578 Foolishly: A214, S732, W263 Foolishness: F391(1492) Foot: sb. B l , B28, 086, 093, D151, D446, F112, F122, F366, F592, H220, H512, H514, H536, H542, K73-4, M213, M287, M333, 079, P74, P193, S161, S264, S269, T215(cl425), T226, W20, W234; vb. S936 Footed: G460 Forage: 0 4 3 9 Forbear: F373, 166, M361, T156

Index

I: Important

Words

Forbid: D423, M249, T120, W360, W549, W651(al450) Forburst: G13 Force: sb. A70, L381(1484), M801 (1456), N166, 013, T462, W269, W418; vb. See also Not force Forcy: L212, L523 Fordo: F386, G224, V20, W60 (с13Ю) Fordone: S433 Fords: R147 Forehead: F623 Foreigner: W436 Foresee: P146, T164 Forest: T76 Forewit: L15 Forfeit: L578 Forge: M520 Forget: D72, D340, E112, E213, E216, F437, F478, F497, G211, L565, M59(cl450), M770, P31, S130, S307, S511, W381, W617 Forgetful: A95 Forgive: G205, S343 Forgiving: С2Ю Forgo: H186, L207, M76 Forhole: T165 Forholen: S334 Forlese: G339, T442, W268 Forlet: abandon S335 Forlorn: F500, L105 Form: H123, S262 Formelt: melt W105 Former: S438, S610 Forsake: F650(al450), N97(al450), S335, T46, W548 Forscatter: S220(al420) Forsee: D438, Е84(а14Ш) Forswear: C529, L527 Forsworn: M87, S954 Forth: B524 Forthdrawer: S392 Forthgo: S184 Forthink: C470(al400), 147, R67, W606 Fortune: sb. A49, D102, D106 (cl440), F667, G71, G226, G236, H97, L444, L502, M218, N179 (al439), S357, W39(cl400), W145(cl450), W384, W522, W671(al449); vb. D56(cl475) Fortunate: B202, E83(1515), M245 Forvay: K41 Forward: B7, C512, L373 Forweaned: M304 Forwhirl: V5 Foryield: repay €166 Foster: F87 Fother: W7 Foughten: W38 Foul: vb. B306, P236(cl400); adj. B125(cl475), B179, B199-200,

698 B306, B622, D177, D302, D436, E94, E132, F39, F120, F133, F363, F572, G184, H57, Ш89, H410, K69, L250, L550, M437, M579, N11, N179(al437), P74, S16, S33, S217, S284, S290, S342, 8602(1509), T522, W64, W448; adv. S580 Foulness: P74 Fouly: B97 Foundation: W649 Foundling: T67 Fountain: A131, 18 Four: A95, B301, D96(cl415), F467, H514, L488, Q13, T121^, T140 Fous: E141, F564, M88 Fowl: C351, F93. M582, N179 (cl390), S26, T115, T185, T298 Fowler: F577 Fox: F620, H350, H586, S218, T247, W474(1509) Fragile: T209 Frafl: F272, F571, Gl 12, W61 (al400), Y34 Fraist: F389 Frank: T238(al508) Frankincense: F419 Fraud: A24, B213, F5, P230 Fraudulent: We92 Fray: C388, T252 Free: G62, G86, H149, H268, H508, H520, L103, L439.1, L516, M461(al500), P121, T238 Free-born: A219 Freedom: G77, L505, N179(cl475) Freeze: F682, T455 Freke: F684 Freme: F648 Frenzy: M90 Fresh: В183, B500, E43, E69, F25, F224, F277, F306, F314-5, F360, F564(cl400), G34, G457, H194, L277, L312, M422, M426, N179 (cl450), P72, P155, R198, S879, S884(al500), T351(al450), W61 (cl400), W372, W693 Fret: B449, F232, H270 Friar: D195, F336, F404(al500), F449, H2(al400), T247 Friend: A56, A178, B68, D71, D85, D87, D162, E99(1483), F53, F123, F365, F527, F539, F546, F672, G81, G87, G95, G211(al449), G219, G298(cl495), G337, G341, G348, H414, H466, H563, H566, H571, K33, K63, L493, M59 (cl490), M73(cl515), M76, M114, M169, M201, M210, M231, M286, M312, M630, M717, N17, N46, N82, N179(1372), 037, P295, P332, P335, P338, P417-8, P445, R61, R108, R115, S109, S124,

8278, S283, S524, S605, T98, T251, T373. W45, W437, W639, W692, Y16 Friended: LlOO Friendless: D71, F629, M89 Friendlihood: F673 Friendly: H271 Friendship: E114, F626, F634 (al400), H97, L501, L554(al450), N80, P295, T385, W636 Fri^tened: M337 Fri^tening: T28 Frist: delay S171 Frith: F564(cl450), G471, H195, P69(al200) Fro: N179(al393) Frog: M812, S675(al500), T344, W156 Frosh: M812 Frost: 027, R131, R208 Frosty: 8674, S683, S685(al439), S686 Froth: W89 Froward: C432, F570, W265 Frown: F508 Frowning: M 700 Fruit: A155(1340), B196, C270, F309, G417, 124, L386, T465, T472, T474, W438 Fry: B366, G443 Frying-pan: F312 Fulffll: E210, F643, P243 Full: sb. H646, M473; adj. B242-3, B245, B336, B429, C633, D368, D378, E50, F225, F604, G423, G449, H70, H299, H394-5, L192, L517, L553, M427, M757, N179 (1509), P69, P94, S393, S752-3, 8956, T121, T516, T520, W444, W550-2, W554, W681 Full-serve: S163 Fulsomeness: P408 Furious: L313, T288, W260 Furnace: G298, M522, M748 Further: vh. see Not further; adv. C478, G181, G183, M481, PI, W19, W234

Gaggle: W253 Gaggling: G381 Gain: sb. S749; vb. C43, S160. See also Not gain Gainsay: K48(cl475) GaU: C595-6, D364, F517, G378, H433, H438, N179(al43η, S871, 8948 GaUed: H504-5 GaUiard: G319 Gallovre: H618, T67 Galosh: T215(cl395)

699 Game: sb. A129, C220-1, E18, E80(1487), S192, S271, S488, W695; vb. W215 Ganging: F469 Gander: G374, G381(al500) Gangle: G384 Gansel: G378 Gap: B607 Gape: A198, C115(cl523), D325, F351, G280, R189, W322 Gar: G68, H109, S778, T137 Garden: C248, P53 Gardener: C248 Garland: F310 Garüc! G378, G388, S716 Gate: C51, C561, D203, H9(al475), 16, K76, P30, P230, W117(al500), W349, W468 Gather: B430, C337, G345, G421, 159, M53, M372, S223, V31, V47 Gathering: G354 Gay: G287, P160, T89, W636 Gear: C205, L8, W491 Gelded: M306 Gemstones: P89 Gender: P408, R130 Generous: N100 Gentilesse: G44, H273 Gentle: A21, B291, B362, B364, C260, D131, D309, F26, G48, G273, H506, K66, L28, L294, M57, P243, S241, T465(1449) Gentleman: A38, J9 Gentlewoman: M212 Gentrice: S628 Gerish: M373, S922 Get: B362, C71, F469, G98, G335-6, G358, G481, 146, L386, M20 (al470), M276, M307, M672, N146(1523), N163, N176, P6, P339, P438, R113-4, R120, S281, S627, S865, 8940(1529), T261, W373, Y32(al500) Getless: K53(cl500) Giant: D448-9 Giblet: H128 Gift: B474, D103, EllO, F399, G92, G451, H371, L515, N62, N149, P356, T45, W516 Gigelot: P102 Güt: G288, G323 Ginning; J58(cl421) Gins: F583, M80 Gird: G405, 153, T351(al450) Girdle: H241, K17, L553 Gim: S427 Girths: W355 Give: A49, A95, A151, A160, A177, B6, B170, B182, B201, B250, B347, B447, B514, B516, B534, C98, €214, C464, €620, D209, D260, D319, D387(al533), E14

(cl493), E38, E76, E98, F363, F384, F394(al500), F404, G55, G76, G78, G84, G90, G199, G204, G206, 0237, G307, H235, H238, H364, H446, H452, H494, H537, 133, 150, K35, K92, L83, L107, L393, L401, L579, M59, M90, MHO, M149, M172, M276, МЗОЗ, M306, M417, M805, N31, N144, P42(al500), P89(cl395), P131, Ρ154, P192, P250, P293, P372, P451, Q13, R63, R99, 8300, S733, 8840, 8844, T59, T490, T534, W376, W577, W589, W619, Υ9. See also Not give Given: H518 Giver: G85, G222, P411 Glad: vb. G329, T115; adj. B215 (cl475), B292, B295(al500), D65, F565-6, G222, G281, G320, G423, G458, L175, M131, M236, M687, M692, N106, N108, P331, 8508, S853, S884, T379, W254(al439) Gladly: G20, 8938, T126, T155 Gladness: E80(al500), J61, L272 (al449), M423, N17, N179(al449), S507, S516, W254(al439) Glade: H149 Glaive: T395(1477) Glare: G282 Glass: G282(al508), H218, H624, 8787, S881(al300), 8884(1471), S897(cl300), V22 Glassen: P319 Glaster: glitter G125(1447), 8683 Gleam: G120, G148, G310, 8905 Gleed: G107, S560-2, S564 Glent: G125, G129, S895 Glidder: G117(cl450) Glide: A45, A188, D223, E47, F205, F289, F323, G130, 8182, 8355, S414, S567, 8829, 8925, W79 Glimmer: F204(1481), G125 Glisten: G121, G131, G311 Glistening: G323 Glister: €336, G122, G149, G312, J34 Glitter: A126, G123, G132, G150, G313, P164, S683, 8895 Glittering: F174(cl450), G282 (cl385), G289, G324 Glooming: P268 Glore: G151 Glorious: G288(cl500) Glory: W671(al500) Gloss: T61 Glove: G317, 8269 Glow: E12, F206, F217, G107, G152, L155, 8894 Glowing: F174(cl475) Glue: B299 Glut: E152

Index I: Important

Words

Glutton: K91, M435, M813 Gluttony: €125(1509), P431, S63 Gnar: €639 Gnash: B398 Gnat: B623, E66, L106 Gnaw: B447, B450, €131, H583, H596, R37 Go: A63, B7, B25(al500), B140, B146(cl400), Б161, B184, B187, B218, B334, B398(al450), B524, B537, B561, B608, €54, €113-4, €202, €253-4, €319, €384, €512, D183, D197-9, D223, D296, D351, D381, E51, E88, F17, F209, F288, F324, F392, F465, F473, F488, G22, €133^, G137, G155, G301, H49, H107, H120, H123 (al420), H201, H232, H312, H333, H512,12, K34, L41(cl390), L98-9, L102, L106, L178, L347, L479, M102, M106, M112, M178, M187, M324-5, M527, M594, M639, N25, N70, N179(cl450), 034, 045, P185, P199, P245, P276, P323, P374, P385-6, Q4, Q7, Q15, R29, R57, R143, R235,8174,8233, S338(cl450), S566, 8664, 8690, 8747,8787,8794,8926,8939, T60, T71, T99, T273, T299, T325, T350, T377, VIO, W19, W67-8, W82,W86(1509),W113,W116-7, W119, W122-4, W126, W128, W130, W181, W188, W199, W281, W323^, W395, W413, W457, W573, W656, W661, W665, W670, Y30 Goad: B243 Goat: 8316, W474(1509) Gobhn: €38 God: A98, A240, B194, €245, €251, D105, D120, E29, F377, F519, F666, G317, G334, G350, G413, H611, L23, L83, L371, L405, M21, M73(1546), M149, M162, M317, M506, M807, N116, N139, N179(al450), 054, P127, P450, 8623, V54, W367 Gods: B346, D385 Goers: €385 Going: F469 Gold: sb. €204, D232, D244, F612 (1484), €323, G386, €414, H261, H447, H604, K53(al300), L130, L239, L480, L520, M147, M237, M559, N12, N179(al513), P69, P89(1509), P303, Q9, S729, T351(al500), T497, V24, W178; adj. A123, R136, W486 Golden: F315, G386, J18, 8375, W117 Gold-hoard: T451 Goldless: K53(al400)

Index h Important

Words

Goldsmith: M653 Gome: man K53(al300) Good: sb. B363, C7, С115, C381, C479, C493, D262, E80(al420), E129, E175, E180, E195, F372, F461, F549, F636, F642, F644, F647, G295, Ы22, H425, K64, L90, L97, L239, L383, L399, L564, M27, M43, M81, M264, M272, M276(cl450), M405, M478, N12(1450), N145, P89(al415), P340, S144, S147, S893, T83, T114, T307(al500), W305, W371, W472, W546; adf. A23, A62, A69, A79, A94, A163, A179, A228, A230, A239, B40, B122, B130, B152, B156, B203-7, B273, B305, B427, B468, B493, C119, C174-6, 0192, C312, C376, 0395(1477), 0396, 04Ю, 0405-6, 0424, 0432-3, 0452, 0455-8, D49, D130, D132, D150, E83, E115, E194, E198, FIO, F67, F470-1, F538-9, F557, F631, F642, F645, F649, F689, G16, G19, G35, G208, G212, G299, G378, G419, G429, H59, H104, H164, H167, H169, H274, H291, H462, H476, H515, H607, H610, 124,128, 150, J61(1440), K25, K76, L23, L94, L170, L184(1555), L237-8, L260, L443, L479, Ml, M19, M45, M91-3, M168, M273, M291, M303, M355, M362(1509), M401, M438, M444, M449, M457-8, M464(al430), M500, M514, M589, M614, M720, M793(1546), M813, N12-5, N17, N19, N76-8, N83, N99, 013, 015, 050, P64, P139, P243(1534), P277, P287, P309, P362, P415, B7, B68, R88, R98, R107, R120, R122, R155, R157 (1546), R232, S156-7, S164, S200, S281, S361, S439-40, S602, T23, T25-7, T105, T127, T132, T142 (1513), T145, T147, T150, T184, T236, T321, T342, T443, T465, T470, T531, T533, T535-6, T538, U l , W27, W37, W42, W227, W239-40, W270, W403, W490, W501, W589-90, W646, Y9, Y13. See also Better, Best Goodhead: E168 Goodly: A53, G3, L237(1509) Goodman: G373, G476, M71 Goodness: 111, M129, T348, T533 Goose: E35. F604-5, H128, R19, R233, W67, W253, W497 Gore: G488 Gorge: R48 Gosling: G389, R19 Gospel: P229

700 Gossamer: D244 Gossip: H562 Gourd: B475 Gout: N179(al449) Govern: M464(al430) Governai!: A69 Governance: F518, 0411, M349, M584, M801(cl470) Governor: L60, W436(cl450) Gown: D106(1490), K67, N179 (cl475) Grace: D15, G229-30, G334, H97, H297, M362(al500), M506, M801(1456), N179(1533), 049, S507, S544 Gracious: A242 Graft: G416 Grain: 0428, F128, S200, T298, W174 Grame: sb. E18, 0272, G317; vb. T507 Gramercy: P442 Grane: B312 Grange: A4, 0434 Grant: M506(cl500), S733, T154 Grape: F77, F597, G298(al500), G417, T471, V38 Grasp: ТЮЗ Grass: B251, 0435, D221(cl450), D223, F271, G417, H17, H212, L348, M427, M768, S102, S153, S542(cl250), W58 Grateful: L261 Grave: sb. F474, 0383, L168, M59 (cl490), P232(al400), T351 (cl400); vb. S729 Gravel: D409, S54-5, S675(cl415), W58 Gray: 027, F27, F128, F285, F619, G113. G135, 0375, 0382, G437 (1513), G474, M369, M376, N102, S454, W492 Graze: G383, P249, S224, S527 Greade: A15 Grease: sb. W359; vb. H69, S536 Greased: B461, 054 Grease-grown: 0 1 4 Great: sb. S397, S846; adj. A20, A83, E l l , B53, B57, B225(cl450), B280, B414-5, B417, B586, Β613, 075, 0365, 0497, D413, E49, E191, F179, F191, F231-2, F485, F640, F651, F703, G80, G226, G394, 0418, H4, H159, H170, H180, H226, H249, H305, H396, H498, H603, 153, L6, L8, L106, L458, L489-90, L512, M42, MHO, M221, M483, M563, M584, M586, N36, 0 2 , 0 6 , OlO, 019, 077, P7, P46, P144, P147, P353, P368, P378, P409, R15, R89, R191, S44, S104, S108, S507,

S559, S587, S590, S691, S713, S727, T68, T71, T136-7, T203, T266(al420), T440, T453, T460, T495, T517, W6, W201, W302-3, W311, W344, W348, W378-9, W473, W603, W615, W630, W694, W697, W699, Y4 Greatness: P95 Greave: branch L144(cl400) Greediness: 0491(al050), T410 Greedy: E212, 0136, G370, L348, T288, W439(1456), W560(1534) Green: 0179, E69, E134, F128, GIO, 0114, 0416, 0422, G436, H240, H417,170, K13, L93, L137, L180, L184, M384, M428, M659, N179 (al393), N183, P251, R142, R252, S339, S633, T89, T461, W35, W114, W278, W372, W563, W695 Greet: M261, W406, W620 Grent: B398 Greyhound: H118, H124(cl450), H127 Grice: pig A133(al475), P192 Grief: R113 Grievance: G103, N179(cl480) Grieve: F377, 0276(1484), 0329, L287, M80(1523), M i l l , N82, S77, T369, W505(al460). See also Not grieve Grievous: L260, S502 Grim: vb. L348; adj. B388 Grin: sb. F577, F582, S427; vb. A198, 0639, D206(cl400), G465, H584, W215, W458 Grind: L348(al450), M553-4, M558 Grindstone; N128 Grip: W464(cl300) Gripe: T342 Grisly: D178 Grist: M554 Grith: peace P69(al200) Groan: B107, B398(cl395), 015, G466, H582(al500), M811 Groaning: H507 Groat: Б273, N133 Groin: sb. snout W486; vb. grunt S535 Gromwell: W582 Groom: B56£), F187 Grope: H69 Gross: M420 Ground: 0491, K6, M54, M178, M285, M740, N179(cl475), S437 (cl410), S794, T351(al450), W58 Groundwall: W649 Grove: B312, W450 Grow: 0429, 0578, F128, F301, F314, G411-2, G417, G419, G426, G433, G437, G441, H22, H354, H417, L61, L109, N179

701 Grow (cont.) {al393), P53, P389(1471), R206 (cl421), S397, S504, 5559(1509), T136, T463, W170, W174, W687, Y4 Growing: T185 Grudging: M 700 Grunt: В107 Crutch: complain W381 Guard: B425 Guerdon: sb. E162.1, M39; vb. S94 Guerdoning: L506 Guests: H619, P200(al400) Guide: sb. D424; üb. F404, M255, R231, W343 Guüe: sb. E97(cl300), L381(1515), M560(1532), S98, S146, S292, S404, S869, W505(al460), W546, W596, W623; vb. H468 Guilt: S463 Guilty: M95 Guise: B482, C650, M74, M344, N35 Gull: M527 Gun: P109 Gush: C407 Gutter: ClOl

H Ha: H630 Habit: W474(1482), W557 Hack: F270, W688 Hackney: H511 Hagher: S407 Hail: M753 Hair: B526, F113, H539, W212, W410 Hairy: C84 Hait: E51 Hale: B295(al500), H635, T351 (cl450) Half: sb. A102, B193, D251, F262, G21, M610, PlOl, P365, S872; adj. 114, W49(al500); adv. N20, S918, T174 Hal^enny: D5, F66, H82, H103 Hall: H195, H383-4, K93, L38, MIO, 080, S853 Halloo: H587 Hallows: H618 Halt: G186, K40, M46 Halter: H516 Hamald: H374 Hammer: S408, S652 Hand: A86, B76, B301, C264, F198, F467, H l l , H223, H278, H562, J72, L293, M59, M90, MlOO, M127, M137, M148, M160, M213, M291, M771, S269, S576, 8981, T263(al500), T394, W9, W102 (cl395), W166

Handle: sb. P326; vb. H432, M150, P236(cl400), S679, W488 Handful: B612, S815(cl489) Handmaid: T188 Handsel: Μ619 Handsome: M651 Handsomely: B98 Hang: A251, B17, B229, B232, B370, B605, D93, D329, D419, FlOl, F323(al425), F393, F671, F676, G91, 0475, H99, H102, H142, H574, H618, K17, L377, M94, M103, M251, M565, N20, P214-6, P302, P448, S374, S380, S528, 8694, 8872, 8907, 8918, T70, T79, T82, T244, T552, W325, Y12, Y17 Hanging: T67, W164 Hap: B65, H163, H465, M164, M243 Happen: H598 Happiness: 8137, 8141, 8145 Happy: C461, D50, H135, H600, H653, M96, 017, P294, R143, W391, W428 Harbor: H614 Hard: A40, A245, B23, B68, B198, B205, B409, B451, B511, C13, С140, C426, C590, C645, D227, ЕЮ, F180, F284, F503, 0 1 1 7 (al475), 0442, H90, H97, H331, H481, H643, 155, L319(1471), L523, M 1 2 2 ^ , M370, N196, 0 3 , P133, P253, P312, R132, 8699, 8737, 8742, 8763, 8875, T129-31, T218, T302, W38, W113, W116, W145(cl516), W166, W686, We96, Y12, Y31 Hardiment: D168 Hardiness: E202 Hardness: T384(cl395) Hardy: sb. L510; ad). B71, B421, F519, H96, H275, H317, L314, M233, M296, M735, P287, P356 Hare: C250, F265, F440, F595, 0457, 0461-3, 0465, H577, H581-2, H586, H588, H649, JIO, J12, K50, M37, M751, 081, SlOO, W124 Harl: H575 Harm: sb. A9, A152, D163, D262, D450, E193, H373, L436, M84, M 170(1483), M338, M517, P390, R117, S144, 8390, 8513, S591, T44, T137, W45(al500), W391, W400, W527, W643(1413), W719; vb. C651, D237, F179, F484, 0158, P82, 8485, T86. See also Not harm Harmless: A141 Наф: sb. A227, E35, M582; vb. R79, 8838^ Harper: 8839(1533)

Index I: Important

Words

Harrow: T335, T344 Harsh: B205, H597 Hart: B386, 0465, H577, H581, P230, S161 Harvest: H456, L199, W253 Haste: sb. F463, N179(cl470), R32, R65, 8621; vb. M190, T125 Hastely: 8355 Hasten: F417, R33 Hastily: A214, F505, H135, M357, 028, T394, W652, YIO Hastiness: H159, W542 Hastiveness: hastiness Τ184 Hasty: B584, 068, C326, C539, 0616, D344, E187, F169, F690, J78, L482, M97-9, M146, M449, R67, 8588, 8607, S861(cl450), T148, T231, T237, T491, W310, W591-2 Hat: 0598, H22, P63 Hatchet: A251 Hate: sb. C374, H399, P407, W585; vb. A45, B131, D i l l , D210, E184, F135, 0188, H231, H585, L220, L554, L563, M169, P295, T'^l, T115(al449), V30, W540, W692, Y1 Hateful: P340, T188 Hatred: T313 Hathel: H373 Haughty: B413 Haul: R195 Haunt: T46, Y32 Have: A107, A211, B26, B141, B222, B361, 0 5 , 0488, 0572-3, D211, D271, D278, E38, E89, F547,053, 0 2 1 0 , 0 3 1 7 , 0 3 4 7 - 8 , G356,0366, H41, H70-4, H314, H375, H412, H537, K76, L I 10, L209, L233, L394-5, L458, M39, M43, M53, M72, M77, M621, Μ637-8, M671, M675, M704-5, M769, M772, M777, M781, M786, M790, M792, N51-2, N142-5, N146(1546), N148, N150-3, N168, N176, N179(al450), P115, P141, P189, F326, P391, P393, Q13, R63, R139, R187, 8143, 8171, 8381, 8512, 8636, 8652, 8817, T5, T87-8, T107, T112, T156, T177, T328, T370, T409-13, T536, W246-7, W274, W326, W385, W402, W410, W413-6, W519, W621-2, W624, W666, W690, W698, W715, Y5, Y18 Haveless: K53(al400) Haven: R49, 8250 Having: 0 4 6 Haviour: wealth PI 18 Haw: L122, 8105 Hawk: sb. B312(al533), F647, H89, L84(al500), P287; vb. B627

Index

I: Important

Words

Hawking: P281 Hay: B470, F271, G429, G436, H565, M220, W671(cl375) Hazardry: dicing I6(cl300) Hazel: G421 He: T349 Head: A193, B47, ΒΘ4, C31, C116, С149, C235, C337, C416, D151, F372, F465-6, F470, F482, F555, G85, G372, G490, H24, H35, H60, H99, H128, H258, H323, H409, H549, L288, M196, M262, M275, M294, N9, P218, P389(al393), P404, S96, SÌ96, S652, S777, S979, T9, T380, W676 Headed: G460 Headless: L60 Heal: sb. G259, P298, S298; vb. C414, D393, L171, L173-4, L179, M153, M485, P252, S505, T300, W693, W696 Health: P169, P341, W147 Healthy: P195, R143 Heap: sb. H255; vh. F377 Hear: B221, C71, 0347(1546), C456, D75, E3, E6, F78, F402, L418, L558, Mil, M18, M339, M404, M766, N111, N120, P42, R59, S301, S509, S578, S586, S619, S788, T24, T32, T126, T142, T159, T283, T397, T490, W191, W421, W544, W626, W658 Hearing: E210, H154, 065, S611 Hearkening: M260 Heart: A16, A22, С115, С174, D127, E213-4, E216, F2, F6, F i l l , G67, ИЗ, H55, H77, H183, H228, H248, H475, H535, Ηβ45, L175, L336, L376, L450, L452, L521, L550, L555, L558, M130, M196, M405, M751, M754-5, N157, P153, P243, P444, P454, S138, 5307(1518), S399, Т189(с1450), Т383, Т391, Т451, Т484, W120, W377, W495, W509,W526(cl489),W538(1492), W631, W702 Hearted: H348-9, L348(al420) Hearthstones: H119 Heartless: B i l l Hearty: L481 Heat: sb. C365-6, D417(cl516), E159, F681, H552(al393), L243, MHO, M224, N179(al450); vb. L583 Heathen: B346 Heave: A86, C150 Heaven: A86, B304, C13, E20, E159, F108, F245, F576, G194, G215, G259(al500), H334, M240, P357, S16, S681, S898, T185, T273 Heaviness: J58(cl430), J61(al506), M583, VII, W254, W257

702 Heavy: B599, C55, C283, F552, G4, G20, L123, L128, L159, M567, M700, N37, N106, N179 (al449), P444, P454, S53, S456, S764, T467, VII, W254(al439) Hedge: G321, K25, S528, S658, S726 Hedgehog: P198 Heed: sb. E84(cl400), E87, E183, F381, M252, N48, P271, T18, T298, W26, W54, W629, Y36; vb. E84(al400) Heel: E220, F i l l , H215, H222, Η29β, H654, L132, M153, P15, P184, S267(cl475), T49, T225, T359, W414 Heifer: C504 Height: F531 Heir: B602, G333, M44, M229, T188 Hele: C155, C462, F396, M806 (cl400), 8147, W534 HeU: A79, C254, F705, H309, L59, L523, 816, 8928, T121, W114, W191 Help: sb. B22(cl300), C211, F634, F661, G231, G278, H255, H308, L382, M313, W434; vb. A94, A171, B439, 0450, D132, D327, E122, F492, F519, F648, G210-1, G214, G225, G247, G250, G276, G455, H96, HlOO, H328, H463, K96, L398, L510, M81, M196, M215, M480, N46, N74, N81, P150, P360, R33, R78, 8514, S833, W536. See also Not help Helping: H81 Helpless: G276 Helve: A249, A252, A254-5 Hemlock: B564 Hempen: L65 Hen: A198, 0348, F560, H203, H564, N182, W429, W710 Hence: N179(cl385) Hende: H195, H451, H557-8 Hene: D146 Hent: seize 080 Herb: B169, G433, G478, P20, P53, S153(al430), S504, T474 Herber: R199(al350), R202 Herd: B146(cl400), S215(cl450), S220(al500) Herdman: S230 Here: sb. L63; adv. D349, E165, KIO, N179(cl340), S461, T350 Heresy: F618, P389(1528) Heritage: G333, S169 Hermit: F598 Hems: T512 Herring: B54, F235 Hery: E158, S715 Hest: D133, W643 Hething: S93

Hew: B616,050, 0235, F270, H221, M287, OlO, T471 Hid: T445 Hidden: 8334 Hide: sb. H33, T217(al500), W447; vb. A241, B557, 0177, 0275, 0459, 0462, D86, D120(cl520), F149, F181, F396, F645, H123 (cl400), H281, H455, L73, LlOl, L422, M25, M298, M743, M806, N170, 073, P170, P417, 8485 (al475), S490,8509, S617-8, T165, T235, V17, V46, W252, W534, W611 Hideous: T266(cl421) Hidings: T512 Hie: L348(cl300), 8421 Hield: 8183 High: sb. DlOl, G479; adj. B22, 0317,0597, D156, E24, E148-50, F534, H72, H188, H279, H292, H306, H381, H385-7, H499, H545, H606, 148, L256, L530, MlOO, M159, M216, M454(cl516), M725, M727, N49, N179(cl385), P18(1509), P176, P193, P336, P428, R191, S357, 8457, T128, T354, T421(1556), T434-5, T455 (cl450), T462, W302, W l U ^ i v . A33, 0296, El 13, E143, F478, H280, L445, M724, P380, 8581, T464, Vi'364 Higher: A144, P296 Hight: B215(1503) Hightings: M297 Highway: D441 Hill: sb. 0275, F308(cl400), 0478, H606, L492, L584, M29, M595, R148, R201(cl500), T122, V2; vb. B45, B240 Himself: 0160, G126, G352-3, G407, H340, L170, M63, M66, M73, M116, M135, M173, M200, M273, M782, N79, 064, P349, T50 Hinder: vb. HlOO, H362, see also Not hinder; adj. A144 Hindering: 0539 Hip: 0503, D206 Hipbone: H94 Hird: H281 Hire: sb. Pll, W655; vb. H527, W127 Hiss: A45(al400), G381 Hit: A179, AI82, B617, N9, P217, P375, T262 Hithe: 8715 Hitherward: N179(al410) Hive: D408 Ho: E28, G267, M792, W45 Hoar: sb. M262; adj. Ε680, H204, H240, H479, W439 Hoard: H278, H283, T451, W511

703 Hoarded: H179 Hoarse: R188 Hobble: B107(cl515) Hog: C91, P89(al376), P308, S161 Hoist: S15 Hold: sh. G470, H85, T355; vb. A176, A234, A252, B240, B307, B535, C23, Clll-2{cl516), C232, C375, C485, C518, E38, E48, F198, F423, F476, F655, H75, H138, H344, H378-9, H586, K48, L108, L156, L244, L482, L571, M59(al500), M213, M232, M265, M308, M774(1523), N128, N132, N196, 013, 025, P65-6, P192, P275, P281, R113, S77, S122, S262-3, S378, S381, S404, S500, S576, S653, S968(al470), T5, T263, T366, T369-70, T373, V23, W23, W117, W258, W327, W377, W488, W639, W650, W671 (cl385) Holden: M116 Holding: M260 Hole: B464, C76, D61, D368, F156, F602, M739, T208, T512(cl475) Holiday: N40 Hollow: R70, T84 Holy: A86, B76, D26, D208, H500, L199, M107, M655(1422), R143, S25, 8460(1509), S752 Holy water: P31 Home: C99, D402, G281, H613, L400, L415, M194, N141, P113, P201, P323, T108, T283 Homely: E97(cl395), T58 Honest: B306(al529), B489, M559, P331 Honesty; B150(1513) Honey: B169-71, B564, D408, F335, F517, G12, H394, M549, S871, V19 Honeycomb: H430, 8753 Honey-dew: M539 Honeysuckle: G421 Honor: sb. D239, F140, L272 (al449), M159, M362, N12(1478), P147, P406, P416, T113, T123, Y29; vb. P293(cl500), P436, S465, T472 Honorable: W165 Hood: sb. A150, B27, B81, B452, C340, C598, F13, F456, G25, H2, H22, H242, H483, J15, S558; vb. W450 Hook: F230 Hooked: H60, H196 Hook-nebbed: H197 Hoop: C356, W354-5, W361 Hoot: H587 Hop: C355, C503, D191. H17, H201(al450), R137, R139, W235, W667

Hope: sh. A l l , HlOO, W505(1484); vb. E185, G278, M204, N141, P266 Hoppe: R219 Horeling: L434, M130 Horn: B574, C596, Gl-2, G234, G237, 088, R26-7, R219, S419 Homed: K60 Hornpipes: H483 Horologe: D215 Horse: B72, C60, C149, C376, C431, F85, F359, F371, F464, F647, G3, G209, G437, H618, L532, M283, M376, S9, S177, S275, S642, S697, T351(al450), W501 Horse-comb: B131 Horseman: M266 Horse-mill: P63 Hose: H295, L69, T215(cl450), W196 Host: H255, M801 Hot: A168, B503, G327, D395, D401, F170, F193, F215, F248, F703, G142, G154, H316, H546, H633, H645, 160, L124, L482-6, L582, N179(cl385), 058, P224, P321, S570, S874, S885, S890, T346, T355, W87, W560, W563, W686 Hote: B214 Hour: A53, A58, D96(cl450), L488, S872 Hound: B46, B253, B514, C214, C636, D302, D309, D317, D321, D329-30, D334-5, F440, F647, H21, H123-4, H127, H536, L41 (1439), L108, L569, M479, P89, P300, R219, T288, T498, W214, W487, Y9 House: E24, F446, G78, H422, K61, L38(1464), L329, M119, M151, M321, M736, N42, N85, N132, R187, T151, T187, T283, T419, T464, W344, W500, W541, W663(1450) Houseful: M700 Household: E97(1495), P403, TI40 Householders: W403 Honsel: T528 Housewife: T187(1492) Houve: C32, H235 How: H253 Howl: D328, W459 Hue: sb. B327, C305, M50, N179 (cl450); vb. F204, G309, J33 Huge: P221 Humble: D358, H376, L29 Humble-bee: L106 Humiliation: P244 Humility: E148 Hundred: sb. 038, S351; adj. A180, M108, M117(1484), O i l , P69 (cl300), P244

Index

I: Important

Words

Hunger: sb. C74, G31, G167(1509), M811, N58, P273, S753, W457, W551; vb. F681 Hungry: sh. F697, M473; adj. B360, D310, F337, H559, M109 Hunt: sb. C89; vb. C80, C526, D331, H125, H131, H150, H262, H588, H649, R3 Hunter: N116 Hurl: P296, 8528 Hurt: sb. E193(1465), F374, L287, S192; vb. A178, B639, G276 (cl505), H57, H223, L511, M154, P377(al393), 8457, T300, W583, W643(al500), W696, see also Not hurt; ad]. A64, N179(cl470) Hurtful: T44(1519) Hurtle: B117(al420), B399, B588, P319, P377(cl450), R30 Husband: G198, G372, R49, W239, W540, W545

/ I: N179, T349 Ice: W74 Idle: sb. D182, VI; adj. H233, H362, H622, L l l , MHO, P62, S477, W648 Idleness: G520, D182, L9-10 Ignorance: D344 Ignorant: sb. W401; adj. A220 Π1: sh. B153, E193, G349, B355, H139(1509), P389(cl340), S392, V7, V30, W502, W707; adj. A76, A87, B13, B130, B205, G48, C388, C396, C406, D137, E198, H164, 144, 164, J74, L384, M586, N20, N91(1546), 027, P309, R120, R192, 5240(1509), 8440, 8658, 8695, T105, T127, T530, W170, W305, W604, W647; adv. B323, G51, M90(1546), P257, R235, 879, T25, T27, Y33 ni-a-hale: 8350 ni-gotten: G342 Illumine: L74 Dspile: hedgehog U7 Image: 8376(1522) Imagination: M50(1534) Imagine: D16, M657 I-met: M456 Immoderate: M142 Impair: H615 Impart: S123 Impossible: C523, G269, K31, M124 (1502), N157 Impregnable: P58, W27 Impression: Y32(al449) Imps: T465(cl390) In: D288, E4, N179(al410), 044 Incense: C123 Incertitude: P134(1459) Incessant: L7

Index I: Important

Words

IncUne: M75, S284 Inconstant: P134(1495), W526 (cl489) Inconveniences: E193(1556) bconvenient: L18, W358 Increase: F430, M484(cl505), R97, R115, S193, S559, T113, W150, W359 Incurable: S502 Inde: sb. B384; adj. S755 Indict: H95 Indignation: T124 Industry: M801(1484) Infect: vb. S216-7(cl460); adj. F125 Infelicity: M170{1436) Inflame: F207 Inflamed: F216 Inflaming: F168 Informer: A250, R219 Ingrate: G75 Ink: A181, B345. S440 Inn: E33 Innocent: sb. 149; adj. S211 Innumerable: D442, M708, S54, S675 Inquisitive: G198 Insane: 6128 Insincere: W627 Instant: F412 Instrument: W217 Insurrection: D395 Intend: F430, F440, V34 Intent: W267, W581, W611 Intention: P362 Intercommune: P298 Intermeddle: M583 Intermell: S340 Interpretate: W411 Inward: L40 Invcardly: W511 Ire: A132, S152, T184, W502, W616 Iron: A39, F180, G298(al500), G304, H277, H640, L172, M2, S409-10, W217 Irous: F373, G233, L201(cl400) Issue: sb. B197, B204(al449); vb. L348(al420), W605(cl450) Issuing: W41 Itch: C279 Itching: M752 Ivory: R229 Ivy: G35-6 I-wite: C319 I-worth: G254

Jackdaw: С164 Jangle: J21 Jangler: R91(al395) Janglery: W534 Jangling: W574

704 Jape: D6, P107, S977 Javelin; L6 Jawed: J37 Jay: T247 Jealous: M321, S932, V37 Jealousy: F618 Jeopardy: P336, R95, S357, S502, T475, W i l l Jest: sb. B475, R157; vb. M350, P257 Jet: J16, N92 Jewel: N76 Job: C150 Jocund: F38, J17(al500) Jocundly: G259 Join: B596 Joint: H144 Jolly: B291, B293, F38, J17, M688, P173, P215 Journey: S920 Joy; D257, D417, E80, F295, F403, F532, F577, F665, G478, M642, M700, N17, N179(al439), P7, S508, S973, W282, W671 Joyful: M695, N179{al449) Judge: sb. G66, M244, T124; vb. D141, H40, J74-5, J79, L107, M50, M167, M218, P42, P149, T68 Judgement: A151, P42(al500), S961, T77 Jurisdiction: C643 Just: D345, G49, S645, S893

Kaiser: G276, K46 Keen: B391, C350, G117(cl450), K86, U 1 5 , R52, W217 Keep: A45(al450), B73, B117, B211, B267, B284, B307(cl450), B312, B316, B425, B427-8, C37-8, 072, C79, C109, C112(cl516), 0461-2, C518, 0656, D390, D394, E32, E38, F245, F265, F353, G219-20, G276(cl450), H350, H607, 145, L63, L248, M59, M85, M172, M439, M464(al500), Μβ82, M750, M782, 013, P230, P324, P328, S75, S297, S305, T12, T67(1484), T72, T76, T122, T131, T248, T263, T366, T372-4, V41, W216, W237, W240, W397, W460, W468, W485, W507, W534, W639 Ken: C544, F444, W176, W578 Kend: L151 Kernel: N190-1, N196 Kettle: H58 Kew: 0104 Key; F413, H9(al475), K70, L420 Kick; B25, 0378, F487, H505(1555), H540, P377{cl395), W20

Kid: P183 KiU: B49, O i l , G167(al450), G386, K91, M103, M105, S233 Kin: B63, B68, B360, M145, M172, M179 Kind: A257, 089, 0528, 0646, D116(1464), F395, F575. H644, L103, M208, M720(cl450), T115, T195, W231, W513 Kindle: F183, H119, H181, S559(cl450), S565, W563 Kindred: D167 Kine: M385 King: B611, 088, C453, DlOO-1, D258, F258, F465, F629, G196, G276, L38, L60, L453, L540, M73, M315, N174, R127, S166, S893(al450), T351(cl450), W436, W671(1525) Kingdom; D167, K40 Kinsmen: N46 Kip: take S171 Kirtle: H2 Kiss: sb. H433(cl412), J68, W154, W692; vb. 0218, 0629, D366, F649, H563, L37, M71, P27, P315, Y3 Kissing: 0374, M752, 0 5 3 Kitchen: 0167(1522), H558 Kite: 0190, D334, F21, H199, L189 Kithe: H273, L494, L554, N170 Kitten: W436(cl378) Knack: N185 Knave: A23, 0206, 0489, DlOl (al425), F l 17, F465, K49, L448, M410, Q13, S893(al450), T351 (cl450) Knife: G167, G188, L42, M90, M130(cl470), M154, S407, T395, W102 K n i ^ t : D101(al425), D343, F37, H2, L272(al470), L531, L540, M291, P62 Knighthood: W690 Knit: C424, H49, K96-7, KlOl, M269 Knot: K101(al500) Know: Al, A63, A77, A81, A107, A168, B l , B7, B158, B189, B252, B256, B420, 0108, 0267, 0308, 0543, D57, D88, D167, E81, E182, F34, F309, F325, F352, F375, F400-1, F477, F626, F697, G24, 046, G73, G126, G198, G245, G351, G387, G393, G486, H9, H76, H149, т е з , H176, H276, H324, H327. H355-6, H361, H425, H542, H605, 111, J77, J80, L158, L383, L501, M33, M47, M58, M108, M112, M144, M167, M222, M225, M236, M241, M250, M257, M260, M331, M354, M386, M403, M502, M674, M718, N170,

705 Know (cont.) 016, 027, 074, P148, P412, P417, S76, S225, 5266, S290, S302, S365, S491, S939, S943, TUO, T163, T185, T445, T465(cl390), T472, W45, \ν68, W124, W136-7, W176, W204, W307, W328, W354, W423, W485, W503, W521, W536, W578-9, W654, W691 Knowledge: M135, M345 Known: F627 Labor: sb. D396, H600, L175, L378, M140, R94, R96, R113, S168, S620, T442, V2; vb. H6, H602, VI, W283 Laborer: H609, K43 Lace: T215(cl395) Laches: careless M59(al500) Lack: sb. L150, L290, L508, M472, T327; vb. B489, C304, F448(1484), L109, L163, L370, L562, M42, M173, M480, P449, S608, S749, T133, W384 Lacker: P353 Lacking: M466 Lad: K76, K79 Ladder: C296(1449) Lade: F418 Lady: F58, H92, H303, L18, L452, L531-2, M212, M622, P243 (cl440), T110(1490), T188, W374, W710 Lain: Lieg, M472, S490 Lainers: H547, T217(cl470) Lake (1): pool F564(1513), P232, S970 Lake (2): play sb. L88; vb. M736, T356 Lall: L275 Lamb: C190(1532), E196, F34, F368, H103, L333, S209, S242, W445, W452-3, W455, W457, W460-1, W464(al533), W471, W474 Lame: sb. B349; ad/. G179, M287, W229 Lamp: M21, 0 2 6 Lampem: E48 Lance: sb. M758; vb. F32, Ь219, L348(âl400) Land: B564, G478, K53, L416, М Ш , Mm, M276, M503, M534, M549, N81, N179(al393), P69, S248, T63(cl385), W436 Landless: K53(cl500) Lane: D183, L99 Language: F401, K44, M722(cl395) Languor: M483 Lantern: C24, M311 Lap: sb. A15(al387), H572; vb. L51 Lapwing: W720

Lard: S959, S968 Larder: C248 Large: sb. N100, T78; adj. C321, H310.131, L62, L66, L225, M127, P411, T217, T245, T518 Lark: H314, L189, L576 Lascivity: W60(1513) Lash: B588, L348(al470) Last: sb. C73, F499, L151, L156, L524, N171, S511, T90, T170, W303; vb. B154, F16, F412, G350, L526, L546, M65, M582, M587, N158, S517, S798, T149, Τΐβΐ, W555, W671; adj. F543, L176, N47, S403, S610, S843, W598; adv. C383, P320 Lasting: 5884(1340), T195 Latch: B310, F347, T103 Latchet: L69, T215(1487) Late: B155, B274, C51, C381, C448, D138, D250, E139, F126, G5, H616, 147, L168, L565, N179(al400), P45, R82, R84, R86, 545, S199, S644(cl475), 5912, T309 Lathe: S199 Laud: sb. M39, P351(cI523); vb. M441 Laudable: P351(cl523) Laugh: E189, G201, L373, L415, L527, M18, M115, M688, N179, S382, W505(al460), W535, W538 Laughing: F400 Laughter: E80, F415, 5403, S515 Launch: L348(al400) Laund: H149 Lave: sb. H301; vb. W76(cl380) Lavender: E135 Law: A246, C646-7, H256, K27, K42, K45, K53, K57, L453-4, L503, L509, L534, L552, L579, L592-3, M304, N51, P137, 5299, T63(ol385), W272, W493 Lawful: L506, M640 Lawless: A247, M534 Lay: sb. C600, W79; vb. B93, B284, B337, B355, B600, B607, 0151, C603(cl515), E14, F208, F406, F556, G386, H342-3, H356, H457, K85, M59(cl490), M393, M565, N43(1533), N88, N159, P89, P114, R15, S7(cl489), 540, 542-3, 5409, S819, W77, W543 Lea: E207 Lead: sb. F186, G303; vb. B73, B102, B349, B536, B616, D12, E9, H159, H460, H541, H570, L42, L204, L528, M130(cl470), M672, N167, 088, P52, R138, 5226, T452, WHO, W n 2 , W584, W706 Leader: BlOl, H360

Index

I: Important

Words

Leaf: A216, F128, 170-2, N179 (al393), W278 Leaking: V23 Leal: M128 Leally: L565 Leam: sb. E226; vb. F174, G314, L54, L75, L215, L262,5894(1513), 5905 Lean: vb. R70, 5273; adj. F697(1546), H403, J72, L77, L181, R23, T456, W439(1506); adv. M68 Leap: sb. R29; vb. B38, B146(1525), B400, C94, C378, D149, F696, G321, G465, H152, K68, L349, L435, M112, M627, R174, 5550, 5561, 5823, W233 Leam: B14, C219,0347,0524, DIG, D25, D240, F432, F461, 111, L409, M181, M228, M308, M789, 030, R143, 5642, 5693, T26, V42, V49, W398, W401, Y24, Y30, Y32(cl450) Learning: 0415, G299, N25 Lease: F265 Leash: G458, G464, H547, W706 Leasing: sb. L222, P18, S952(al400), W593; adj. R185 Leasows: H310 Least: sb. E193, M315, M771, T205; adj. B270, 039, D250, 5811, W607. See also Less, Little Leather: T217 Leave: sb. G367, M155(cl500); vb. A106, B544, B549, E38, E125, F383, F420, F431, F647, F650, G26, H466, L207, M782, P223, 5171, 5335(al400), 5824, T14, T79, T104, T106, T132, T157, T182, W i l l , W407, Y32(al500) Lecher: K53 Lecherous: 5570, W359 Lechery: B133, C125(cl475), F281, F617, G168, I6(cl300), 5335 (cl415), W114, W553 Lede: people W436 Lee: E207, L70 Leech: B386, F634(cl390), K31, L223, P55, W90-1 Leechdom: W694 Leeful: F491, 5485{al475) Leek: H240, L576, M739 Leese: lose M81(cl450), N12(1450), Piei, W475, Y27 Leesing: loss M503 Left: H61, H66, H324, L161 Leg: F484(1546), T140, T215(cl450) Leggings: 0360 Leisure: E27, E98, J75, T328, T394 Leman: F551, P34 Lend: B468, E14, E38, F666, G341, L249, M27, P402, 5171, 5623, S939, T134

Index I: Important

Words

706

Lending! F666 Length: B527, F472(cl450) Lent! G334 Leopard: H124, L335, L348(al470) Leprous: S217 Lere: C457, F404, V49, W450, Y24, Y27 Less: sb. D402, M669, M789, N145, N148, We98; adj. H168, M207, T68, T440, W220, W491. See also Least, Little Lesser: F651 Lesson: S292(al450) L«t: (1) hindrance, to hinder, sb. G276(al400); vb. G276(al533), 116, T37, W548 Let! (2) permit B537, C95-6, C624, G26{cl450), G255, L208, L233, L350, M440, P228, W408, W708 Leth: distaste P408 Letter: B282, B458, P367, Rl,

P200-1, T105, T371, T452, W238, W313(1410), W510, W662, W687 Lift: sb. F108, F577(cl390); vb. A86 Light: sb. C24(al400), D402, E184, F430, F561, L377, M21, M277, M534, Μβ5θ, M810, P161, Ρ1β6, P266, S61, S491(al422), S682, S751, S892, T110(cl450), T163, T429, W360; vb. C24; adj. B294, B599, C127, D36, D221, D269, F28, F68, F94, F174(al500), F305, F331, F567, G4, G402, H62, H112, H146, 126, J17, КЗ, K14, L4, L20, L138^0, L165, L201, L213, L257, L295, L316, L397, M689, N179(al393), P444, P454, R168, S676, 5884(1447), S913, T484, W293, W648, W693 Ughtly: C384, F638, M75, M307,

W632 Lettered: L442 Lettuce: L372 Leve: F82 Lewd: A220, B306(1509), G375, H477, L157, L181, 013(cl500), W411, W448 Liar: A244, D186, D246, K53, M267(cl395), P18, S251, S587, T72, W216 Liberal: M288 Uberty: B300, F612, L460, T238 Lick: B173, C83, C108, C418, D301, E25, H431-2, H439, H501, K92 Lickerish: M753 Lickpenny: L429 Lid: L73(al450) Lie: (1) (to tell an) untruth sb. D186, M309, S370, S487, W593; vb. B368, C229, C477, D120{cl520), D331(al533), H243, H264, H274, H417, J27, K48, L79, L166, M204, M773, N29, P18{1509), S337, S938-9, T414, T500, V52, W216, W380, W537 Lie: (2) to rechne, etc. A96-7, B107, B160, B312, B613, C44, D202, D300, E13, E26, G434, G479, H14, H107, H123, H368, H405, 159, L24, L102, L292, L348(cl422), N43(1513), P147, P188, P273, R7, R187, S191, S346, S440, S498, S748, S962, S966, T31, T453, T477, Y18 Uef: sb. H552, N179(cl450), S395; adj. H342, L23, L235, M136, R38, S278, W671 Life: B346, С156,0493, D95, G248, H460, H468, L190, L209, L393, L463, M130(cl470), M134, M136, M165, M183, M204, М362(1509), M641-2, M672, N10, N167,

W284, W547, W551 Ughtning: F559, L20, L197, Ь211 Like: sb. B129, F574, H523; vb. 132, L591, T143; adj. D37, D179, D270, F29, J32, L570, P i l l , P163, R207, R218, S12, S37, S72, S154, S215, S317, S319, S326, S442-3, S827, S934, S937, T52, T66, TlOO, T268, T292-3, W160-1, W362, W445-6, W452 Liking: C401, L558 Likeness: T115(1450), V15 Lilting: H484 Limbs: H214, H233, H254, H301 Lime: sb. F154, F347, F577(al325), S572; vb. F102, H69, H88 Lime-twig: B626 Limp: D206 Lind: L139, L142, L146, R170 Line: sb. B30, H457; vb. P452 Linen: L22 Linking: W368 Lion: A224-5, DlOl, D317, F368, H151, H390, K50, L38-9, L47, L201, MIO, M751, P230, W211, W443, W461 Lips: 0108(1549), 0418, G49, P351 Liquor: 8240(1509), W356 List: sb. M77, S833; vb. M582 Listening: L196 Ute: sb. T207; adj. W594 Lith: L290 Lither: adj. B279, D389, L381, L434, M129, W571; adv. E93 Litherby: lazy M130 Litherly: 0166 Lithy: 0301, L141, L181 Uttle: sb. A55, B415, B417-8,0203, 140, L469, L493, M180, M356, M439, M454(al475), M685, M774, M776, M783-4, M789, M801 (cl421), N26, N145, N173,

P148, P296-7, S78, T207, W63, W251, W379, W399; adj. A236, B422, B562, B613, 075, 0321, 0585, D61, D146, D412, E49, E99, E191, F191, G79-81, G233, G343, G354, H5, H156, H170, H226, H414, H654, J13, J62, K12, K25, L23, L554, L559, L590, M42, M130, M203, M221, M482-3, 07, Pll, P46, P262, P321, P355, R15, R81, R89, R93, R96, S44, S87, S248, S556, S558-9, S611, S778, S913, T70-1, T113, T136-7, T149, T338, T357, W282, W369, W594, W599; adv. L563, L568, R19, S158. See also Least, Less Live: A36, Ы42, B313, B398(cl387), B567, 0135, 0399, D238-40, D330, E30, E37, E186, F513, G248, G259, H383, H462, H474, H601, K58, K77, L46, L59, L210, L397, L457, L575-6, M29, M38, M109, M131, M242, M305, M354, M505, P167, P272, P336, P360-1, S653, S967, W113, W477, W657, W698, W718 Livelihood: L249 Livid: L115 Living! sb. E94, L253, 5940(1529), Y23; adj. M526 Lizard: A210, S153 Load: 0431, W7 Loaf: 0304, D319, H39, H545 Loam: 0287 Loan: A240, G334 Loange: praise E85 Loath: B102(cl450), Б158, 0216, G367, H263, H342, L231-2, M32, M89, S395, S494, 5743, T150, T397, W671 Loathe: M180, T143 Loathly: 0321 Lock: H9(al475), K18, 5292 Lofty: L319(cl485) Logh! F76 Long! vb. B247, W206; adj. A17, B i l l , B192, B601,055, D40, D44, F494, H23, H156, H422, H468, H547, L190, L245, L431, M118, M130, M204, M396, M684, P262, P430, R61, R94, 5165, 5510, S592, 5639, 5672, T36, T44, Т217(с1490), T306, T390, T453, W543; adv. 0540, D161, E162, L274, L397, L568, M38, M131, M410, M438, M582, M770, N117, N166, 028, P9, W698 Longsomeness! tediousness P408 Look: sb. L166, L575, M109, M167, M577, T547(al393), W579; vb. A145, B401, B558, B621, 012, 088, D212-3, D308, E84, E224, F36, F204(cl489), F478, G56,

707 Look (cont.) G63, G469, H201, H415, H503. H518, H610, K68, L45-6, L76, L161, L176, L351, M226, M283, M293, M475, M578, M780, N71, N99, 075, S17, S285, S365, S557, S714, T139, W78, W366, W370, W562, W568 Looking: sb. E225, L596; adj. W648 Loose: vb. T215; adj. HIO, W558 Lop-webs: L106 Lord: A23, A197, B64, C263, C478, DlOO-1, D112, E22(cl303), F372, G226, H50(1523), H253, H303, K44, K77, L l l l , L518, L538, M130, M143, M159, M217, M227, M313, M412, M737, P132, P277, P410, S160, S220(cl400), S494, T344, T355, T452, W374, W419, Y21 Lordless: L60 Lordly: K59 Lordsliip: sb. A31, A230, L102, L495; vb. M736 Lore: C216, C415, M585, U9 Loreless: K53, M534 Lorthew: M181 Lose: A6, A91, A95-6, A104, A109, A161, B27, B206, B299, C207, C211, C235, C493, C507, E38, E90, E168, F139, F613, F651, F653, G75, G340-1, H42, H60, H200, H522, H539, H602, H634, J73, K70, L207, L227, L244, L488, L493, L561, L567, M20, M49, M76, M157, M404, M673, M683, M707, M780, N13, N142, N147, N174, 039, P36, P282, P371, P402, P407, R82, RI 13, S120, S163, S184, S189, S271, S514(al410), S558, S614, S697 (с15Ш), S891, T45, T160, T177, T186, T191, T298, T329, T442, W39, W219, W238, W241, W268, W284-5, W329. See abo Not lose Loss: G331, H249, J76, N179 (cl470), T307, W630 Lost: T307, U5, W381 Lot: S97 Loud: B225, H482, S198, T265 Lourers: scowlers T247 Louke: T73 Louken: L494 Lout: M177 Love (1): praise L17, L153, M769, F429 Love (2): sb. A95, B133(al450), C207, C491(cl449), C508, C634, DIO, E7, E209, F187, F248, F644, G78-9, G92, G300, H132, H178, H180, H182, шео, H438, H644, J22, J63, Ε567, L576, L579, L592, M21, МЗЗ, М224, М297, N179

(al450), Р343, R99, S129, S278, S506, S565, S623, Т142(1450), Т313, Т543, V9, W313(al500), W374,W581,W697,Y37;i)b.A131, Б129, B276, B364, B367, B569, C204, C209, D407, E29(al500), Ello, E207, E221, F74, F83, F238, F403, F442, F459, F644, G96, G215, G221-2, G248, G257, G485, H22, H34, K99, L37, L210, L252, L272-3, L405, L481, L531, M71, M151, M169, M208, M237, M452, N18, N27-8, N39, N84, N162, P143, P293, S214, S526, 8666, S962, T67(1484), T153, T155, T240, T257, T345, T357, W45(al400), W195, W3S5, W521, W535, W540, W543, W692 Love-knots: Al 19 Loveless: K53(al400) Lovely: M16 Lover: DIO, D162(cl515), E207 (al460), G201, H474, L4, L532, S399, T122, V9 Loving: L574 Low: sb. DlOl; vb. C9, L155; adj. B35, B337, C349, D303, E24, E143, H292, H322, H377, L30, L125, L530, L586, M216, M454 (cl516), M727, N179(cl385), P176, P247, P393(cl450), S14, S581, T128, T354, T421(1556), T463-4, У4в; adv. E113, H280, M724, P380, T434 Lower: B83 Lowly: L438 Lowpar: vagabond K53(cl500) Lubber: Y30 Lubric: lascivious 8958(1509) Luck: A49, H96 Lucky: A53 Lump: H593, L123, M700 Lure: sb. F32, F123, H198-9; vb. H89 Lurk: H3 Lust: B133, B243, C125(1483), C401, L228, M206, W521 Lustiness: T185(1509) Lusty: L513, M422(cl475), N179 (al393), R202(1464) Lying: sb. C490, L404; adj. T463 Lynx: W502 M Mad: B125, B392, B593, C421, D379, G375(cl450), H571, L327, L546, M60, M346, M796, S495, T290, W242, W298, W441 Madman: M90(1546) Madness: W705 Magel: S495 Magnify: C320 Maid: B3, F80(1509), M470

Index

I: Important

Words

Maiden: L38, W275(al393) Maidenhead: M511 Main: M537 Maintain: F383, M308 Make (1): mate: G382, H38, M64, M69, 826, T543, W448 Make (2): A20, A148, A195, A236, B13, B55, B116, B161, B330, B363, B417, €77, C248, C561-2, D99, D193, D371, E27, E36, E66, FIO, F91, F192, F652, G87, H2, H84, H156, H162, H206, H326, H484, H516-7, H555, H623-4, 118, 131, КЗ, L6, L l l l , L224, L374, L529-31, M55, M59(al500), M259, M362, M387, M471, M482, M581, M626-30, M659, M729, M760-1, M767, M776, M787, N53-7, N75, N86, N151, P59, P68, P121, P124, P232(cl340), P242, P368, P390, P423, R29, R115-6, R166, S90, S217, 8316, S338, S395, S397, S472, S513, S551, S605, 8652, 8924, 8976, T123, T204, T217(cl470), T431, U8, V35-6, V43, W152, W155, W196, W217, W239, W396, W416, W460-1, W550.1, W572, W668, W686, W704 Maker: W435 Malease: L388 Malefactors: E184(1480) Maigre: B453 Malice: D52, D123, W265 Malicious: F588, T341, T396 Malt: F196 Man: sb. sg. A23, A78, A95, A231, B148, B186, B223, B489, B493, B528, C13, C76, C199, C217, C270, C312-4, C424, C450-2, C632, D89, D150, D277, E114, F i l l , F182(cl500), F399, F403 (cl475), F404, F443, F453, F519, F539, G62, G87, G211, G316, H5, H414, H564, J48, J53, K17, K53, L107, L272(1447), M26, M362, M475, M511, M568, M624, M628, M655(1422), M796, N53, N55-8, N179(al393), P59, P274, P302, R97, R109, R129, R195, S109, S794-5,8939, T105, T123-4, T185, T187, T318, T351(al400), T355, T387, T391-3, W84, W116, W166, W185, W229, W243, W246, ·\ν275( 1483), W360, W433, W437, W502, W508-9, W512, W578-9, W632, W703-4, W719, Y16; pl. A171, B14, 0192, C291, C396, C516, D32, F232, F418, F534, G66, G88, G269, L63, L371, L527, M18, M386, M637, M811, N175, P121, P379, P407, P415, R99, R240, S92, T342, T498, W47,

Index

I: Important

Words

Man (cont.) W358, W369, W484, W528-9, W532, W536, W545, W549, W584, W635, W650, Y39; vb. C76, K25 Manger: H565, R5 Manly: G170, K95, M248, S48, S346 Manner: C138, G46, M70, M720 (1483), P148, S602, T63(cl385) Mannish: S346 Manship: D239, M87 Manswear: D938 Many: sb. G178(al400); adj. A78, A175, C48, D409, F93, H19, H62, H230, H249, K63, L136, M85, M434, M790, P103, R145, S55, S162, S397, S675(cl380), S736, S841, T63, T138, T342, W192, W409, W497, W575, W586, W593-4, W597, W599-601. See also More, most Mar: C559, G69, M24, P241, 8217(1520), T25 Marble: H431, T531, W492 Mare: C38, C291, C554, F359, G437(1513), H93 Margery-pearls: P89(al376) Marigold: R205(1513) Mark: sb. A179, D220, L243; vb. W658(1534) Market: C130, D318, H118, M552, P368, S209 Market-beater: S832 Marriage: B363, G223, M195, M626 Marrow: S789 Marrowbone: B530 Marry: M409, M797, W162, W252 Mart: P250 Marvels: D371 Maslin: G283 Mass: D248, F458, H648 Master: B223.1, F51(cl400), F427, G373, H507, H571, L518, M121, M130, M227, P390, 8156, S158, 8278, S345, T344, T448, T510, U8, W503, W605(1477), W626 Masterfast: T355 Mastery: B219, L512, L544, M741, M801(1484), 8847, U8 Mat: B61, E35 Match: sb. M64; vb. 8789 Mate: H38, M69, 826, 8789, W448 Maternal: M722(1481) Mathele: M766 Matins: M395 Matrimony: T188 Matted: F358 Matter: C538, G68, M121, M209, T58, W254(al439), W560, W599 Mattock: M390 Maugre: В112, B572, С172, E215, H225, H284, M421, M804, N125, P171, 8429, T406, V50

708 Maw: H437, H635, M380 May: sb. maid: M6, M254; vb. B74, C112, D284-5, L410, M214, 041, •W215-e Maze: L251, W404 Mazed: H113 Me: G95, Kl, S128 Mead: F308(al400), F318(al422), G438, M525 Meadow: F318(1484), F319(1502), G432, M413, N71, S675(al500) Meal: M453, M560, M757, 834 Mean: sb. A234, B476, M454; vb. H40, M754(al420), M755(al438), 043, T16; adj. E150, T421(1556) Meaning: M35 Mease: H368 Measurable: M448 Measure: sb. G202, H437, M169, M441, M445, M450, N155, S248(al440), 8917, V45, W117, W383; vb. W377 Meat: B160, B522, C125(cl475), C513, D250, D398, G227, G259, H642(al500), M156, M394, M458, M813, P89, R7, S36, 864, 8440, 8535, T188, V12, W617, W651(al450), W655, W675 Meddle: F432, F532, G103, G389, H161, J59, M358, N95, 8137, 8516, 8960, T i l l Medicine: sb. M25, M459, W592; vb. 844 Mediciner: H326 Meed: B269, D103, D278, G66(cl422), G78, G82, G215, M322, M460, N62, 8168, V48, W655 Meek: vb. B148, P384(cl485); adj. B125(al450), B295, B487, 0195, D26(al513), D359, H495, Η5Θ0 (1515), L31, M6, N149, 8204, S548, 8853, 8865, T540, W264 (cl450) Meekly: M6 Meet: vb. B117, D162(cl515), F665, K78, L64, L352, M64, M210, M416, M796, 8850, T291, W443; adj. A249, 0487, K18, M125, R194, 8533 Meeting: 8515 Meetly: B363 Meiny: H216, H253, L455, L459 Melda: R219 Meli: J81, T202, V19 Meiling: meddUng M482 Melody: F582, N179(1513), 8840 Melt: B621, H277,13, M521, M716, 8445, S896, W76, W105 Member: H216, H219, H232, H251-2, H254(1471), H258, T387 Memory: D77 Menace: sb. B556, H298; vb. W617

Mend: sb. M729; vb. A80, 0252, F275, H615, M113, M122, N33, 8514, Y26 Meng: 0437, D58, D344, V28 Mensk: F140 Mercer: P105 Merchandise: G333 Merchant: B579, M629 Merciful: M510 Mercy: 0509, G209, J81, K45, M95, M538, 054, P242, S942(cl475), T183 Merrily: G259 Merry: adj. A88, B239, B295-Î, B505, 046, 0196, 0234, 0398, 0550, 0621, D30, D50, E24, E36, E102, E161, F305(al500), F568, G221, H46, H114, K78, M131, M214, M318, M434, M447, M453-4, M471, M679, M693, N110, N133, N179(1546), P174, P304, 8121, 8797, 8853, T36, T139, W495, Y38; adv. H304, M512 Mess: M105, P329, 8529 Messenger: E211 Metal: G300, G303 Mete: M467, M595 Meting: dream D387(al400) Mew: sb. V41(al440); vb. 0104 Mickle: sb. G70, L402, M776; adj. A83, 0431, D146, G57, G92, H226, H654, K12, L67, P129, R121, R232, 8778, W58, W287 Micklehead: A22 Mickleness: M801(al400) Midday: S885(al500), 8894 Midden: D351, 8541 Middle: sb. T185, V45; adj. W117 Middling: W117(cl450) Midst: V45 Midsummer: M541, R210 Midward: V45 Might: G233, 0339, H363, L381(1515), M509, M801, P58, Q9, 8942(cl475), W269 Mighty: L319(cl490), 02, P127, 849 Müd: B130, 0197, C608, D26, L32, M19, М130(с1470), M430, M543, 8205, 8853 Mile: L193, L423, W221 Milk: sb. 0109, 0500, F352, P328, S440; vb. D429 Mill: 0276, T247, W68, W76(cl390), W92, W513(1509) Müler: W68 Mill-house: D323 Mülstone: T247 Min: less N179(cl330) Mind: A95, 065, D72, 0385, H463, L175, M17, M202, M759, P129, 8123, 8307, W584. W632

709 Mince: C580 Ming! S641 Minish: V47 Minister: sb. J71; vb. F540 Mint: M382 Mire: C59, D434, G454, H405, M795, Q16, S126, S968 Mirror: C204(1484), M35 Mirth: A129, D162(cl515), E80 (al400), L175, L272(al449), M461(cl450), M728, N179(al440), T251, T352, V12 Mirthful: M529 Mirthless: D8 Misadventures: H139(al500) Mischance: L250, M809, N179 (al439), V31 Mischief: H139(cl500), H161, HI 70, 116, K95, M312, M581, N179 (al440), P384(cl485), S392, T44, T78 Mischieve: injure M801(cl458) Misdo: F664 Misdoing: W521 Misease: D405, N179(1484) Miser: W713 Miserere: 049 Misericord: J81 Misery: C476, M188, S27 Misfare: G276(al393) Misfortune: L18, M89, S511(cl500) Misget: G332 Misguilt: S290 Mishap: F667, H139(1509) Mishappen: B413 Mishearing: M219 Mislike: M582 Misrule: W150 Miss: sb. G232; vb. A73, C641 Mis-say: B117(cl390) Misspend: F245 Mist: E167, P166, S894 Mistaken: W394 Mister: need F634(cl400) Mister men: craftsmen M251 Mistread: S267 Mistress: 16(cl340), S392 Mistrust: J44 Misty: C315, M693 Misused: B153 Mix: sb. dung S962; vb. B351, C437, D58, D344, J81, S641, S947, V28 Mixen: C350, S891 Mock: A145(cl450), C551, W229 Mockish: M381 Moderate: N138 Moist: N179(cl470) Mold: M799 Mole: F402 Moment: J60 Mone: Y27 Money: C491(cl449), E176, F653, H118, H132, LllO, L526,

M266(al400), M269, M501, P447 Monk: B81, B254-5, F233(cl38795), F678, H2 Month: M126, M422-4, W477 Mood: W546 Moodiness: P389 Moody: M267 Moon: A77, C114, C557, E105, G220, G379, M138, M767, S881(cl380), S889, S898, T345, W36, W505 Moonli^t: Μβ48 More: sb. C412, D403, L206-7, L390, L394, M781, M786-7, N49, N145, P102-3; adi. A162, C115, G344, H167-8, H227, K80, N179(cl330), P382, R29, S675 (al300), S680, S727, T140, T432, T435, T523, T549, W2, W121, W176, W560; adv. E126-7, G181. See also Many, Most Mom: E159-60(1505), F561 (al400), M548, N75, R107, R143 Morning: L397, N108(1532), P392, S375, W617 Morrow: B295, D404, E155, F561, G478, J61(1440), M529, M548, N77, N102, N106, N108, S881(al450), S913, T168 Morrowsong: E160 Morrowtide: E159, E161 Morsel: G164, K89, S753 Mortal: A177, B56, F530, M220 Mortar: F454 Moss: M372 Mossy haired: R35 Most: sb. M771; adj. P427; adv. B247. See also Many, More Mote: M715, W58 Moth: B623, C310 Mother: A14, C89, C209, C211-2, C489, C491, D254, F47, F78-80(1509), F81-3, F520, F528, G166, 16, 18, M81, M588, M617, 014, P22, P341, P389(1504), P405, S392, S720, V7, Yl(cl395) Mound: P123 Mount: sb. N179(al440); vb. B186 (1523) Mountain: C275, H387, T122 Mountance: see Not the mountance Mountenance: P118(al533) Mourn: D367, L41(cl390), R81 (1509), T160, T212 Mourning: A119,0162, E80(cl395), L489, M115, N179(1513) Mouse: sb. C80, C87, C96(1546), H388, R40, T526(cl475), W500; vb. C89 Mousetraps: W530 Mouth: sb. A22, В160, B621, C72, E6, E95, E124, G 167(1483), G227, G400, H54, H434, H518, L332,

Index I: Important Words L521, M433, M804, 061, 078, P351, ТЗО, T121, Т189(с1450), Т261, W451, W605(cl450), W626; vb. M379 Move: L145(cl500), M17, M121, M643, M658, OlO, R161, S356, S424, S668, S692, S792, V12, W160(cl475), W336(al420), W584 Moveable: W298(1509) Mow: sb. H483, M380; vb. A149, C128, G434, M413, M613, S542(al225) Muant: changing V5 Much: sb. 140, L386-9, L398, L403, M439, M454(al475Ì N14; adj. J13, M434, M477, P355, S606, S608, S611-2, 5621, T37, W68; adv. E128, S912 Muck: F271 Muck-heap: S891 Multiply: C404, H35 Mum: N172, W602 Murder: sb. T395; vb. T71 Murderer: M142 Murk: C328, H332, M35, M531, N104 Murmur: sb. D257; vb. B176, D214 Muse: M555(1449) Music: A195, 074, S972 Mussels: B98 Must: N61 Mustard: E50, M105 Mutabüity: W505 Mutable: T87(1509), T311, W526 (cl489) Mutation: T124 Mute: B146(al500), F619, S742 (1439), S765 Mutilate: A145 Mutton: S214, S275 Muzzle: H404(cl489) My: F653 Myself: S74

N Nab: HI Nail: P28, S254, T417, T421 Naked: A196, A221, B125(1483), B246, B466, C198, C311, F226, K43, M90(1546), M721, N1, N57, N64, N92, N167(cl450), P379, P383, S206, S766, S977, S979, W281, W673 Name: sb. F18, F363, 150, L88, R112, S164; vb. S681 Nameless: M534 Nasty: H434 Nation: D124, E108, T63(cl385) Natural: F446, S346 Nature: A257, C265, C523, C645-6, D116, E163, F575, N157, P243(cl440)

Index I: Important

Words

Naughty: D25 Nay: sb. C535, W682, Y7; adv. S693 Near: adj. B444, C251, C303, E17, F193, M352, N81, N187, P208, S255-6; adv. F632, G231, K67, N70. See also Not the nearer Nebs: S940 Necessity: A19, A99, F634(1450), N160, V43, W389, W531 Neck: B232, C190(cl477), D449, F374, F480, F555, G380, H20, M157, M565, P302, T67(al439), W410, Y18 Necked: G460 Need: sb. A239, B229, C412, C506, D125, E126, F381, F514, F540, F625, Γ630, F634, F659, G302, K28, M81, M166, M215, M367, M637, N74, N81, N99,013, P134, P269, P271, S597, S795, T305, T441, V43, W54, W423, W536; vb. A5, C458, D199, H214, H338, K83, L176, M179, M201, M204, M332, M790, S46, S354, T134, T515, W660 Needful: S485(cl420) Needle: B337, 013, W360 Needless: K53(al400) Needy: S776(al425) Neighbor: G247, H605, K24, M170 (1478), M306, M467(cl415), N99, T283, T369, Z1 Neither: B54 Nesh: vb. W102(cl300); adj. G163, 023, S311, W61(cl400), W97-8, W567, W662(cl450) Nest: B174, B298, B306, B312, B316, B561, 0567, 0603(cl515), D342 (cl390), F570, M479, P178, R45, S726 Net: B312(cl450), D148, F221, F227, F231, F237, F582(al410), R173, S427, S571 Nettle: D288, G478, L280, P394 Never: L89, N178, W65 New: sb. G494, 027; vb. 0 5 4 7 (al425); adj. B563, 069, 0650, E138, F14, F128, F424, F650, F662, G301, G494, H175, H181, K54, L453, L522, L547, M377, N118, N179(cl450), P259, S27, S42, S240, S338, S474, S547, T30, T141-3, T146, W550; adv. S206-7, S210, S213 Newfangleness: M208 Next: V2 Nice: H45, M265, M272, N181-2, P439, W243 Nicety: P65 Nick: N34 Nicors: water-monsters F232

710 Niggard: sb. H97, L447, M53(al470); adj. M461(al500) Nigh: adj. B22, S395; adv. D262, N179(cl385), S132 Night: 0105, D30-1, D37, D59, D64, E35, E157, F561{al500), F564, G478, J61(1440), L261, M434, M534, M692, N179{al393), S673, T110(cl450), T163, W555, W671(cl390), Y14 Nightingales: T342 Nili: W277 Nim: take D118, 096, M224, R173, T169 Nimming: K53 Nine: sb. 039; adj. W510, W555, W650 Ninepence: S244 Noble: sb. G297, M293; adj. 0477, D104, F612, G82, H286-8, M291, M320, P54, P243(al533), V28 Nobility: S628 Nod: N34 Noise: H388, H504, P105 None: M85 Noon: B161, L397, S881(al300) North: adj. W349; adv. W345 Northern: D163, T53, W298(al500), W344 Northward: D163 Nose: D93, H639, P141, R136, R187, S636, W486 Nostrils: W486(cl395) Not account: F96 Not amend: M597 Not appair: P78, P128 Not ask: M598 Not avaU: B82, B634, ОНО, F339, H189, H459, M22, M599, M715, P79, R25, R247, S236, S387, S804, W55. See abo Not vail Not base: B83 Not bid: B84 Not care: F340, H25, M600, M603, P96, R245, S805 Not change: M601, R247 Not chare: 0184 Not charge: P80, P100(cl450), 8806 (cl400) Not costen: S806 Not count: B85, 0 4 , 0288, 0546, F260, F341, F553, H26, K15, L184, M602, P20, P81, P97, P363, R24e, S807, T42 Not dere: D237, P82, S806(cl400) Not differ: 0236, P209 Not doubt: P118(1485), R247, S806 (cl489) Not dow: avail 8806(1513) Not dread: 0547, D24, F342, G427, S808 Not esteem: S809

Not force: M603 Not further: F64, F138 Not gain: 0547 Not give: A258, B69, B86, B445, B625, B630, С187, 0288, F60, F257, F343, G396, G428, H27, H190, H345, H391, L13, L183, L474, M604, N68, N186, P29, P93, P98, P118, P210, R215, R247 (1532), S85, S388, S501, S810, T259, T524, V26, Y2 Not grieve: F97, F261, H191 Not harm: H369, R247(cl450) Not help: D314, H28, H191, H346, M711, R247(al500), 8806(1481) Not hinder: M605 Not hurt: P118(al533) Not lose: H368.1 Not noy: annoy E52 Not please: P211 Not praise: B87, B582, B631, D315, G159, L184, M606, PlOO, P118 Not prevail: F98 Not prize: H29, P83, P118, S811 Not purpose: P29 Not reck: B88, H191(al450), L86, M607, M712, S812 Not regard: R248 Not reprehend: A26 Not set: A165, B89, B333, B340, B460, B625, B632, 0185, 0360, 0548, 0605, 0654, E55, F61, F262, F344, F356, G160, G172, H192, H590, L184, M608, M713, N194, P99, P184, P206, P212, P284, P364, R249, S813, T42, T525, W223 Not stand: S806 Not stir: S806(al425) Not teU: B90, L184 Not the better: B91, H43 Not the charge: PlOO Not the mountance: G161, 0 1 7 3 Not the nearer: N187 Not the value: B633, L184(1555), M609, 0 9 1 Not the worse: P84 Not vail: B634, 0547, H459, L184. See also Not avail Not w e i ^ : F355, M610 Not win: E53 Not woric: G174 Not worth: A27, A71, A166, A259, B92, B172, B251, B464, B470, B545, B552, B625, B635, 0187, 0237, 0299, 0322, 0331, C362, C549, 0606, D76, D201, D312, D315, F62, F65, F69, F99, F137, F144, F220, F263, F280, F345, F355, F701, G162, G175, G474, H7, H31, H37, H44, H193, H347, H367, 171, J57, K2,

7Π Not worth (cont.) L185-7, L198, L475, M415, M611, M702, N5, N69, N73, N188, N195, 047, 092, 095, P14, P85, P90, PlOl, P118, P177, P213, P278, P285, P365, R25, R250, S86, S237, S243, S260, S291, S366, S389, S418, S454, S632, S640, S815, T42, T214, T228, T347, T526, V27, W210, W224 Note: S933 Nothing: A137, A194, B186, B428, C43, C227, Е Ш , F441, G257, G269, G276, L97, L397, M136, M403, M782, N24, N27, N32, 015, R54, S80(cl500), S336, S462, V23, W399, W420, W496 Nought: sb. C385, D277, D392, E125, F646, H238, H264, H449, L395, L563, M297, M317, M324, M355, M772, M777, M779, M791, M793, M797, N179(1372), S78, T154, T246, T546, W438, W621; adj. D74, F84, Y25 Nourice: C491(al420), G168(al439), I6(cl380), S377, S392, T389 Nourish: G168, M81(cl400), M156, P22, S34, W479 Nourisher: 5392(1478) Now: 081 Noy: sb. T44; vb. G158, G276(1484). See also Not nov Noyous: D162, L260 Number: sb. R108; vb. S681 Nurse: C218, 16, T389 Nurture: M362(al500) Nut; A157, A161 Oak: G421, R71(1556), S788, T471, W348 Oath: G201, N58 Oatmeal: E50 Oats: D118 Obedience: M622 Obedient: 5460(1509) Obey: 8473(1546), L41(1415), L288, M228, M633 Obliging: K48(al500) Obtain: P266 Occasion: B298 Occupy: 17, J58(cl400) Odd: D164, H160 Odious: C400, H157, 068, P288 Of-blench: H467 Off: F151 Offence: B44, B640, P55, 5608 (cl412) Offend: AlOl Offer: 025, H77 Offering: 053, S672 0£ace: J5, T353

Off-shove: F491 Ofrede: 029 Ofride: 0 2 9 Oft: D224 Ofttimes: D55, F451, V8, W520 Often: L208 Oil: M21, W359 Oint: F628 Ointments: N12 Old: sb. C490, D243, G494, N97 (al500); adj. A14, A35, A70, B14, B48, B457, B494, C199, C210, C347, C352, C452, C653, D98, D298, D313, D316, D320, E79, ElOO, E138, F128, F236, F375, F424, F452, F650, F662, F668, G43, G473, G494, H175-6, H179, H181, H210, H259, H513, H570, H590, K53, K81, L522, L535, L547, M41, M48, M117-8, M158, M252-6, M262, M295, M319, M354-5, M377, M526, N54, N179(al450), P192, 55, 519, S27, 542, 560, 5209, 5216, 5240, S260, 5265, 5268, 5338-9, 5502, 5818, T12, T129, T141, T143, T153, T202, W109, W214-5, W244, W490, Y25-7, Y32(al425) Olfend: camel С13, G178 Once: D242 One: sb. B604, G104, L572, M113, M366, N165, 5513, T249, T548-50; adj. BlOl, B614, C24, D4, D55-6, D121, E6, E224, F440, F449, F512, H139-40, H242, H250, H600, K82, L472, M257-9, M591, M641-2, M739, M756, N6, N33, 056, P52, R183, 5351, 5426, 5513, 5924, T193, T308, WHO, W112, W121, W140, W168, W246, W409, W500, W604, W619 One-eyed: M263 Oneself: С153, C161, P351 Onlooldng: W648 Ooze: 5970 Open: vb. D386, E204, P192; adj. A197, B454, C65, F365, G395, H568, L434, N115, V23 Openly: L456 Operation: T87(cl500) Opinion: H230, M61, M202 Opportunity: E27 (^press: L348(al420) Ord: beginning P389 Ordain: D50, D105, T173 Order: sb. H144, M464(1509), 5282, T195; vb. M402 Ordure: L451 Orgulous: P73 Ostrich: S851 Other: pron. A118, A136, B212, C40,

Index Ι: Important

Words

0161-2, F409, N165; adj. A171, E224, Y5, Y39 Out: D288, E4, N179(al410), 0 4 4 Outer: 5365 Outface: 036 Outlaw: P200(cl410) Outrage: T123 Outray: D448, M98 Outrun: 029 Out-take: G415 Outward: adj. H652; adv. L40, W425 Outwit: 0 2 9 Oven: F75 Over: adj. H73; prep. 5731 Outbid: D103 Overblow: P324, W306 OverbuOd: 0 6 6 Overcharge: W6 Overcome: 0644, G296, H286, H640, L7, L194, M182, M224, M341, M534, P61. Q5, R15(1506), 5309, 5834, S865, T213, T509, T511, V32, W268(cl450), W532 (al400), Y31 Overdear: W405 Overdone: P383, T86 Overfat: S963 Overflow: B35, F289 Overfoolish: W509 Overfraught: B422 Overgang: W268(al500) Overgo: G88, L591, 5196, 5307 Overgone: M322 Overgrow: W174 Overheld: T128 Overhomely: H426(al450) Overlade: F56, 5249 Overladen: T118 Overlay: G154 Overbad: W268(cl450) Overload: B422, 016, L413 Overlong: P408(cl502) Overmuch: M793, N145 Overpass: D338 Overpurchase: 0 6 6 Overquat: E152 Overrede: 029 Overrun: 0 2 9 Overseen: W394 Overseer: M59(al500) Overskip: H322 Oversty: W268 Overthrow: sb. L445; vb. 052, 059, 0162, F466, P390, 5357, T489 Overthrown: T258 Overturn: 5778 Overwise: M209 Owe: D116(cl470), D192, E30, M777, N168 Owl: F21, F577(al325), T247 Own: M142, W499

Index I: Important

Words

Owner: 0 6 5 Ox: A256, C149, C408, H149, H565, M553, O i l , P250, R146, R219, S872 Oyster: A164

Pace: C514, S424 Pack: W56 Pad: S9 Paddock: H8, W156 Page: DlOl, M195, T355 Pain: A61, B l l , D162, D239(cl330), D341, D417, G105, 133, 141, J58(al513), J59, J61(1420), L227, L532, M183, M353, M619, N179 (al450), P265, P380, T74, T442, W255, W489, W507, W715, Y32(1509) Painful: P133 Paint: D189, L364, M132, T515 Painted: S202, W611 Pair; S454, S680 Pale: A205, B491, C284, C302, E21, G54, L126, P108, R36, S776 (alSOO), W12 Palfry: C445, M627 Pall: F544 Palms: L433 Pan: C107, S537, W105(cl400) Pannier: P189 Panter: S427 Papejay: M653 Papers: B458 Paradise: F411, G223 Pardonable: L578 Paregal: equal S850 Parent: K69 Parlous: M758 Parrot: A l l l Parson: P31, S672 Part: sb. A108, A144, A245, D250, G208, L371, M315, M447; vb. B15, H633, P28, P246 Parted: H454 Parting: D162, S196, S515 Partners: M23, W715(1509) Partridge: F265, L272(1447) Party: M124, P301 Pass: A89, A175, B155, B532, C13, C380, C453, C648, F204{1509), F209, F326, F683, F698, G156, G303, G414-5, H357, H644, 157, L193, L348(al470), M26, M85, M220, M507-8, N12(cl450), P161, P343, P408, Q7(cl400), R119, R205(al420), R216, S185, S196, S369, S511(cl500), S518, S568, S849, 5884(1471), S889, T99, T135, T175, T179, T307(al449), T325, T495, W65, W86, W178, W268, W330, W408, W659

712 Passage: W663(1450) Past: T158, T192 Pastor: W460 Pasture: 0143, H310 Patching: S5 Pate: H247 Paternoster: D214, P116, P317, S23 Path: G425 Patience: G472, H264, J45, P333 Patient: A57, G472, J45, M281, S374, 8460(1509) Patiently: F453 Pattens; T368 Patter: D214, P180 Pavement: S832 Pay: C343, D113, D116, D194, H393, H423, H471, L543, M634, M779, N77, N153, P154, P238, P331, S97, S625, T308, W3, Y16 Payment: D165, M590, P434 Peace: B67, C7, C277, C405, D193, E29(al500), F6, G471, H264 (cl450), H433(1406), K50, L38, L70, M55, N179(1484), 032, P394, R97, S69, S278, T136, T313, T372, T550, W37, W42, W152, W574, W671(al393), W718 Peaceable; P59 Peacock: P280 Pear: A155(cl475), C204, L561, M653, P29, T465 Pearl: M653 Pear-tree: Τ4β5 Pease: B94, P89(cl450), P91, S511 Pecunia: M630 Peck: M644 Peel; 048, S822 Peeling: С 259 Peer: H97, N52, V44 Peevish: P241 Peg: H406 Peise: L450 Pelt: S232 Pen: 145, R116 Penance; P381, W275(cl450) Pendre: Ρ3β7 Penned: H406 Penniless: P456 Penny: C428(cl400), D191, F633, L221, M271, P131 Pensive: H315.1, T160(1504) Peny: H406 People: C390, C392, C395(1477), C397, G259, G407-8, H426, H632, K41, K56, L169, L459, M801 (al449), S220(cl400), V54, W411, W422 Pepper: G420, S440 Perceant: N65 Perceive; H244 Perdurable: N161(1410) Perfect; üb. U9; adj. J63, L551, M240, S90

Perfectly: P361 Perfectness: S864 Perforce: P60 Perform: G76, T104(al475) Performance: P409 Peril: A96, F188, M85, M137, M170(1436), M248, M336, S114, S252, S845, S915, T44, W391, Y36 Perilous: F174(al450), F182, F195, F673, K89, L445, V14, W70 (al439) Perish: A233, C404, F577(al325), G276(cl489), P143, S184, S351, S978 Persevere: S346 Person: D345, E148, G216, V30 Pert: P175 Perverse; F525, W265 Pestüence: D252 Petit: small S861 Pevpter: S330 Philomene; nightingale M653 Physic: N30, R143 Physician: F634(cl390), H326, L173(1480), L175, M459, P55, P449 Physiognomy: W265 Pick: B98, J51, M390, M714, Q l l , 828, S820, T62, T358 Pickers: E184(cl475) Pie: S366, T247 Piece: C321, L123 Pierce: A189, D412, E l , G30, H277 (al513), H637(1546), L596, P357, S980 Pierced: M127 Piercing: A184, A248 Pig; A133, C208, G466, H403, H484, T526(1519) Pike: F232(al449), F233(al449), P185 Pilch: H305 Filching: C259 Pile: C560, U7 Piled: A142, C84 Pilgrimage: P200(1407) Pilgrims: P18, W663 Pill: B451, C252, 048, S822 Pillar: M710(al475), P313, P316 Pilled: C420, P175 Pillory: B15 Pin: L198, L561, P285-6, P363, W168 Pinch: sb. F634(1525), 141; vb. P434 Pine: sb. W551; vb. L174, L287 Pipe: sb. E35, F582, M582, V25; vb. 172, L370, P181, W235, W667 Piping: P40 Piss; sb. H546; vb. C510, F59, M635, N96 Pit: H337, 8427(1438), S684, W70(al439)

713 Pitcher: L304, 5240(1520) Pitiless: H495 Pity: sb. B152(cl440), D326, H273, H277(1481), J43, M411, P104, W452(cl400), W466; vb. E133 Place: E49, F511, G40, M152, M223, 049, R58, S122, S297, T88(1483), T328, T474, W112 Plain: vh. С146, H530, P429; adj. B410, D441, E103, F70,168, L299, P2, T3, T503, W118 Plaint: T324 Planet: B424, P161, S889 Plaster: H235, 161, P55 Plat: C2 Platter: T187(1492) Play: sb. B33, C220-1, E18(cl475), L88, M469, Y8; vb. B28, B244, B494, B576, C80-1, C146, C359, C367, C422, D66, D215, F103, F210, F457, F577(cl390), G16, G138, H78, H401, J12, L39, L353, L440, M132, M264.1, M266, M640, M690, M736, M803, N134, P5, P25, P107, Ρ248(1481), P258, P316, Q4, R6, S354, S358, S818, S821, T356, W214-5 Playferes: P333 Playing: K20 Plea: P68 Plead; L417, P296 Pleasance: F665, M139, M524 Pleasant: B505, T142 Please: D127, D264, E l l l , F394, F403, G247, G257, 165, M121, M124, 043, P133, T174, W305, W470, W550. See also Not please Pleasing: B380, T159 Pleasure: A256, B522, C526, D417, F254, F394(1509), F409,133,141, M183, N179(al450), P8, P12, P130 Plenty: A22(cl400), C7,0228, N145, P68 Pliable: W5 Pliant: P251(1509), S976, W30, W298(al500) Plore: F255 Plots: D392 Plow: sb. C42, C53, F76, G207, G239, H83, H528, M232, M678, 084, P276, S872; vb. C504, 087, R49, W442. See also Ear, vb. Plovraian: T298 Pluck: C259, C572, F104, H293, L304, N126 Plum: B592, C240 Plumb: L133 Ply: H298, P251, W102(cl395) Pohen: P280 Point: A51, A71, B337, N65, P377(cl450), S593 Point-maker: M560(1532)

Poison: A236, С177, C269, H433, S871, T396, V16, V21 Poke: D324, P187, P190-2, W541 Policy: M257 Polish: D231 Pompous: P431 Pool: F229, F418, F564(1513) Poor: sb. D101(cl440), F232, RllO-1; adf. B186, B319, B412, C494, D32, D312, G62, G226, H564, H604, H611, J46, M94, M265-9, M274, M286, M606, N145, N179(al440), P132, P395, R226, S109, S492, S672, T128, T354, W243, W671(cl390) Poorly: M505, M582 Pope: DlOO, T124 Popinjay: F21 Port; S715 Porter: B320, C619, 16(cl380) Porteress: Ща1439), S392 Possess: N145 Possession: P337, P346, P430 Possible: G269, M124(al500) Post; W249 Pot: B416, C559, F270, F274, L304, P102-3, P432, 8240(1509), W128, W688 Pottage: C559, H364 Pouch: D191, P192 Pound; P69(cl300), P123, P126 Poustie: R121, W671(cl390) Poverty; A241, C51, C489, D85-6, D158, F634(1484), L507, M267 (al439), N179(al449), P68, P381, P405, P428, S916, T354, W657, Y32(1509) Powder: D443-4 Power: 152, JIO, M242, P106, P169, R121, S833, W267(al533), W605 (1450) Poygnés: fights W39 Practic: experience S90 Practice: P414 Praise: sb. G158, L580, N179(1478); vb. B210, B302, C130, D48, E85, E158, F657, G83, G126, H363, H426(1450), K101(al500), L153, L562, M173, M270, M614, M755(al450), M769, N79, P39, P398, P429, S715, T125, V38. See ako Not praise Praiseworthy: D124 Praising: P351 Prance: M627 Pray: G358, L405 Prayer: B76, D130, P370, W544 Preach: C347, F598, F605, M755 (al500), P182, P317, P359, P415, T148, W554 Precious; G290, N12, P87, P89 (1340), 1110(1490), T322 Predestinate: T167

Index I: Important

Words

Predication: P360 Preen; P286 Prefer: P428, RllO Prelate: W436 Prepare: T304 Present: P42(al500), P266 Press: sb. H399; vb. P377(al400), T120, W549 Pressour: press G298(al500) Prest; F30, M98, S555 Pretence: 149 Prevail; M279, P342. See ako Not prevail Prey: B314, F30, F32(cl400), F593, H200, H589. T291, W453, W463, W479 Price: C473, P91 Prick: sb. P366, P372, P434, U7, WHO; vb. B449, B629, C430, F577(cl380), F628, H520, H528, H618, L354, N112, 082, P377 (cl485), S96(cl395), T222, W336 Pricking: sb. B337; adj. T219 Prickle: P377(1492) Pride; sb. B413, B556(al470), F181, H299, P68, P431, R59; vb. F549 Priest; H2, K53, M681, P31, P135, W450, W490 Prince: 139, S169(cl500), T124, W436(1509), W671(1525) Prison: H604 Privily: L456 Privity: D425, 0198, W242 Privy: sb. E97; adj. С158, C468, C471, D162, H652, P394, P407, W624 Prize: F543,065, H371. See also Not prize Proceed: F313, R206(1513) Process: M104, 5491(1519), W430, W543 Procure: E180 Proffer: P192 Proffered: S167 Profit: sb. Hiee, МЗИ, N146; vb. LIO Prolong: M419 Prolonging: D391 Promise: sb. B214-5, D133, H378, L441, M288, M297; vb. B217, B419, F643, H379, L404, M779, P169 Promission: promise M549 Prompt: M98 Pronounce: W605(1477) Proof: 5581, W393 Proper: P407, W489 Property: A239, M44, M190 Propose: M162 Prose: P408(cl502), R102 Prosper: F73, T438 Prosperity: B67(cl500), E80(1506),

Index I: Important

Words

Prosperity (cont.) F502, F634(1450), 141, J58(cl475), M238, M503 Protect: C640 Proud: A83, A207, C350(1546). E132, H3, H294, H521, K53 (al400), L317, L587, M267, P71, P73-4, PI 10, P280, P305, P401, S202, W714 Prove: B330, E81, F180, F625, F634(cl303), F656-8, G298 (cl395), G336, H356, K95, KlOl (а15Ш), M522, M659, N44, 063, F293, P358, R120, S327, S491 (cl400), T90, T496 Provender: C430, H521 Provide: C140, D18, G243, M i l l , W683, Y32(1509) Proving: L580 Provision: F422, P125 Provoke: 0168(1474) Prow: sb. A12; vb. F438 Prowess: K95 Prowl: R222 Prudence: H625, M118, M439 Prudent: V42 Pry: M579, S684 Psalms: W450 Publish: H375 Pudding: B370, D310, P208 Pudding-prick: M562 Puff: F191 Puissance: M801(al449) Pull: C572, F104, F148, F604, 038, G465(cl500), S357, T215(cl450) Pulled: H345, H347 Pulpit: P415 Punish: F74, T68 Punishment! T440 Purblind: E225 Purchase: M258, W376, W502 Pure: vb. G298(cl400); adj. B262, F298, 0115, 0291, L283, M14, N179(al450) Pured: S321 Purgation: P451 Purge: 0298, M522 Purity: W230 Purpose: sb. S859(al450), W374, W549; vb. E190, P429. See also Not purpose Purse: B639, D191, F633, G4, L438, L450, L452, M269, M621, M623, P302, T382, W370 Pursue: B398(cl450), M326, S186, T69 Purvey: R80, S845 Push: R29, W336 Put: A82, A150, A253-4, B115, B191, B452, 0290, 0653, F147, F155-7, F433, H79-81, H83, H141, H487, L90(1546), L533, M148, M153, M213, P89(cl400),

714

P220, R134, S261, S297, S419, S802, T225-6, T348(al398), T382, T408, W370, W381, Y20, Y32 (cl400)

Quail: F582(al410) Quaü-pipe: F582(al410) Quaint: T431(1369) Quaintise: W505(al460) Quake: A216, B501, 0610, L41 (cl386), L146 Quality: Q6 Quap: W94 Quarrel: D253 Quart: P195 Quatre trey: D170 Quean: R66, T202, W519 Qued: sb. evil, evil person H139, I6(cl340), M130, P389(1340), W219; adj. B467, P257 Queen: P389 Quell: B146(al400), S77 Queme: please D127 Quench: B506, F184, 85в1(а1450), S565, T45, W60, W64 Quemes: T59 Quest: M490 Quey: C504 Quick: sb. P347; adj. В166, D317, F473, L268, M568, S37, T232, T351(1404) Quiet: L2, M482 Quire: R102 Quit: D113, F52, Fl 18, F610, H393, 129, L206, M465, M808, 040, T533{al450), T538 Quite: V34 Quittance: S862 Had: H112(1456), N85, R146 Raff: R126 Rafter: M710 Rag: L539, T7 Rage: sb. 012, F412, 0104, T355; vb. L355, S113, W213 Ragged: 0376, R206(al376) Ragman: R62 Raik: go H14(cl458) Rain: sb. A176, 0297, D41, D58, D410-2(al398), D417, E159, G423, M536, N179(al450), P166, R199(al500), S279, S445(cl500), S893, S920, T187, T267, W154, W300, W336, W643(1447); vb. F621, 0277, M373, P162 Rainy: T271 Raise: F192, F534, L445, R76, S372, S413 Raisins: F597, T471 Rake: F185, F211 Rammish: 0185

Rampant: L318 Rancid: P307 Range: L356 Rank: R24, R145 Ransack: L173(cl390) Ransom: B611, K47 Rap: sb. 0191, R64; vb. R16 Rash: E130 Rasing: raging L319 Rat: 091, 0460, R2, T187(1492) Rate: scold D331{cl500) Rather: 8199 Rathest: S619 Ratsbane: S87I Rattons: rats M736 Rauk: R188 Raven: 0637, M516, Y9 Ravenous: B388(al450), H560 (cl433), L319, T298, W440 Ravish: B103 Reach: R20, W234 Ready: B295, G214, HI98, 126, M632, S635, W523, W531 Read: P408(cl502), R236 Real: L319 Realm: H228, H249 Ream: M547 Reap: S542-3, T314, W334 Reason: B219, B485, L533, M186, M265, M462, R103, S384, W271, W701 Reasonable: R120, F427 Reave: E56, H343, P69(al475) Rebellion: N179(al500) Rebound: F49 Rebuke: 0159, M200 Receipt: S523 Receive: A212, 0115(cl523), D103, 0271(1477), /79, L90, M39, M467(al439), S928 Receiver: T70 Reck: D280, H612, L184(al460), L444, MIGO, S527. See ako Not reck Reckless: K53(al300), M59(al500), R169(1418), Y35 Reckon: H550 Reckoning! A68 Reclaim: F32, H89, H200, H203, L589 ReconcUed: E96 Reconciling: D265 Recover: E70, H522, K94, L468, N16, 039, P45(1523), R29, S120, 5514(1484), T160, T307, W381, W471 Recovering: R82 Recure: B362, H134, L170, M20 (al439), N16, S514(al410), T307 (al449) Red: B358, B381, B504,0136,0180, 0329, 0346, 0423, E159, F171, F235, F249, F589, 0128, 0143,

715 Red (cont.) G292, G307, G323, H367, L127, M130, M748, N179, 061, P69 (al200), R104, R169, R199, R213, R218, R223-4, R253, S148, S312, S532, T266(cl450), W178, W352 Rede: sb. M334, S833, W536, W703; vb. M255 Redeemimg! D341 Redeless: K53(al300) Redemption: R81 Redress: C68 Reek: sb. F194; vb. K23, K71 Reel: sb. Y5; vb. S422 Reeve: W436(cl450) Refrain: sb. R79; vb. 152, T367, V41(al400), W615 Refuse: G359, L531, M239, R57, S378, T182, W502, Y29 Regal: L319 Regality: R227 Regard: see Not regard Regret: W606 Rehearse: sb. R81; vb. 8124 Reign: C265, D425, L483, M631, P70, R58-9, T188, W701 Rejoice: F394(cl523), H285, M67 Rejoicing: M700 Relent: H277(cl485) ReKcs: P398 Relieve: N78, P283 Remain: E125, N156, T178, W643 (al450) Remede: T309 Remediless: R81(cl485) Remedy: sb. AIO, B20, B191, B462, D78(cl500), D338, E146, L500, P327, R31, T192, T199, V14; vb. S514(cl500), T179(al533) Remember: E87(al500), 141, P419, Y27 Remembrance: 141 Remenant: K69 Remnant: L95 Remove: M726, W24 Rend: 8981 Render: CI Rendering: Γ666 Renew: D162(cl515), F686, S338 (cl500) Renewing: V9 Renown: N12(cl450), N15 Rent: P438 Repair: T115 Repent: B272, C448, C470(cl390), D143, F382, F417, H158-9, J78, L114, L195, M357, T158, W542 Repentance: D344, H134, H159, L66, S616 Repenting! W521 Replete: V12, W553 Repletion: G167 Reply: S586

Report: M39 Reprehend: see Not reprehend Repress: E145 Reproof: D22, P378, W521 Reprove: B117(al400), F664, M274 Repugnant: W83 Repute: 0395(1509), M302, R107 Require: C68, D270, L412, M807, 019, T533(1456), W601, W608 Rescue: M159 Rese: R65, W462 Resetter: T70 Residence: F690 Resin: F419 Resist: A25 Resistance: D78(al475) Resort: 0395(1509) Resound: B236 Respecter: G216 Respite: D46 Rest: sb. A87, Б141, B242, B564, B613, D47, D396, D407, E137, H264(cl450), H301, J13, L3, L5, L94, L210, M52, M482, N109, P67(al475), P69(al415), R118, R232, T369, T374, T441, V2; vb. C492, G26(cl475), G479, K24, M785, R187(cl390), S649, T196, T366, T375, W85, Y32(1450) Restitution: S343 Restless: R169 Restore: M20 Restrain: M462, M774, T307(al449), V41, W327 Resty: P307 Retinue: 034 Return: sb. A65; vb. D22, D342, F392, H567, S345, T307(al449), T448 Reveal: 8491 Revenge: W518 Reverence: H579 Reverse: F534 Revoke: P45, T186, T307(cl422), W605(1509) Revolve: B25(cl515) Reward: sb. B474, D164, E90, E162.1, S165, 8168, W655(1509); vb. 0517 Rhyme: P408(cl502), R157 Ribald: K53(al400) Rice: B291, B383(cl390), F568, R12(cl400), R199-201(al500), R202, R207, T458 Rich: sb. D101(cl440), G206, P298; adj. A84, 013, F232, G246, 0288(1439), K39, K53(cl450), L394-5, L539, M120, M265-6 (al439), M267(cl395), M271-4, M297, M323, M505, N179(al450), 017, P89(cl400), P123, P302, P331, R227, S207, 8867, T354, W243

Index I: Important

Words

Riches: D271, Ρβ12, L507, M161, N12, N179(al449), P336, Q19, S722, S916, T113 Richesse: 043, H261, K5, M227 (cl395), M503, N179(al440), P68(cl440), P339, P346, Q20 Richly; P336 Riddle: S304 Ride: B314, D381, F219, F464, F479, F580, H511, H589, L357, M151, M266(al439), M300, R163, 89, W331 Ridge: M151, R187 Rife: F564(1513), M468, 8279 Right: sb. F87, F490, G82, G244, G380, L386, M494, M508, M534, M630, M639, N174, P124, P242, P311, T110(cl450); adj. B76, B432, 018, mi, L300, N123, P51-2, R27, R62, R241, S303, T169, W702 Righteous: sb. 8893; adj. G213, P342 Rime: R13 Rind: R193, T466, T469, T476 Ring: sb. B162, L528, S59, W486; vb. B233-5, D40, F407, P453, T488 Riotous: R28 Ripe: sb. harvest H456; adj. 0183, F688, F694, T471 Ripen: P226 Rise: F49, G259, H179, L85, M262, N179(1533), R75(cl470), 8303, S355, W398, W434 Rissoles: 0532 Rive: L41 Riven: S379 River: 8115,8248(1483), T307(1509), W79(1447) Roar: B106, B123, B143, B146 (cl470), B558, B590, H529, L358, R146, R190, T274-5, W464 (al400) Roast: sb. B414, 8412; vb. S782 Roasted: M700 Rob: A196, B451, 0252, L456, P69(cl400), P154, T67(al500) Robber: P69(al475) Robbery: 0142 Robe: W492 Rochet: H2, L539 Rock (1): stone D412 Rock (2): distaff L95, R78, R162-4, T432 Rock (3): as in a cradle 0222 Rod: C215, P251(1487), S642. 8652, Y1 Rodehorse: A228 Roes: C33 Roless: R169 RoU: sb. R9; vb. A169, B29, B31 Rolling: M372

Index

I: Important

Words

Romy: R146 Root: H621, K61, S413(al5(X)), T445 Room: C408 Root! sb. A253, B581, C491, C539, C558, F315, F685-6, G416, G489, 16(1422), 125, P389, R7, R180 (1509), R206(al376), 5392(1509); vb. 7455(1484) Rootfast! T468 Rootless: G453 Rope: B62, C369, R172, T67(al439) Rose: 0421, 0478, N94-5, S153 (al475) Rot: sb. S217(al450), S220(cl400); vb. A167, T334 Rote; A174 Rotted: L289 Rotten: A165-7, B472, G416, M615, R70(1534), R142, S649, W511 Rough: B96, B99, Б542, C498, F313, N22, N89, N93, R242, S208, S957, T220 Round: vb. C586, G492(al475); adj. A158, B24, B226, B264, B488, B610, C274, C402, M649, Ol, P77, PI 12, P440, R133, R225, S24, S118, S235, 8629, T85, W58 Rounders: H267 Rout: B398, H407, 8968, T275 Row: sb. 0599; vb. P309, 8655, S830, W332 Royal: K75, R226 Royalme: realm 0204(1484), K56 Rub: 0 7 , H505(1546), R254 Rubies: P89(al410) Ruckle: 0337 Rudder: S247 Ruddy: 0181, D38, 167, R200 Rude: A222, R8, W6ie Rue: sb. P53; vb. C459, C470, D140, E216, F364, H134, H277, J40, K101(al500), P390, R32, R90, T309, T375, T486 Rugged: B594, F357, T220 Ruin: E130 Rule: sb. A69, A230, 0266, L226, L534; vb. B424, B538, 091, F82(1546), M72, M161, R138, R152, 8142, S917, W629 Ruler: K53(al400) Ruly: 8475 Run: A78, A190, B144, B402, B539, 096(1546), 0417, D199, F294, F465, F560, F581, F592, G258, 0495, H127, H153, H496, H534, H586, H589, K22, L205, L359, M215, M249, M555, N45, N54, N57, P243, Q7, Q18, R3, R17, R34, R95, R148, R175, R222, 8100, 8215(1485), 8220(al325), S424, 8451, 8642, 8696, 8735, 8828, T56, T69, T276, T291,

716 T368, W70, W79, W106, W221, W333, W336(1525), W356, W463, W650, W670, W709 Runner: R185 Running: sb. PI; adj. W353 Rural: L451 Rush: sb. F246, 032, K98, R65, R134-5, W4; vb. B403, L348 (1513), R30, T277, W462, W464 Russet: 0340 Rust: sb. G298(al500), G306, 159; vb. 0304 Ruth: H273, M295, P243(1509)

Sack: B600, 0102, 0371, D204, E212, 0420, G446, R226 Sacrifice: L42 Sad: L128, M695, N179(cl470), 82, S58, 8460(1509), S475, S508, S767, 8853, W13, W157, W495 Saddle: 0501, D311, H504, H522, S533 Saddlebow: 8512 Sadly: 0259 Safe: H376, 8655, S715 Safely: H356 Sage: 0126 Sail: sb. N179(cl450); vb. 0480, D217, F268(al500), 8245, 8655, 8801, S830(al430), 8927, W332 Sailing: T185 Sain: 0245 Saints: G201 Salary: W655(cl430) Sale: A79 Sallows: H618 Salt: sb. F626, H642, 8871, T331; adj. 8106, W537 Saltpeter: S871 Salute: R107 Salve: M153, P55, S503 Same: 8479 Sample: M170 Sand: D409, F289, N179(cl450), 856, S189 Sapience: F378, F441, M118, M176 Sapphire: L439, P89(al410), 8755 Sark: shirt D106(al450) Satíate: M53(cl515) Satisfy: M124(1502) Sauce: 0175, H642, M476 Saught: 0203 Saulee: L391 Savage: B391 Save: B427, G276(cl300), H42, H344, H472, H510, H564, M116, M129, N85, P113, P123, P126, RlOO, 835, 8171, 8584, T67 (al439), T70, W185, W683 Saving: RlOO Savor: sb. B581, H434, N152, P408,

836; vb. H543, H601, 125, L451, M473, 8240, T469, T523 Saw: W505(al460), W609, W642 Say: A60, B272, 0534.1, 0540, 0574, 0657, D277, D281, D355, E28, E95, E223, F370, F441, F599, 045, 0367, H264-5, H398, K48(cl475), L158, L230, L399, M290, M293, M309-10, M316, M318, M684-5, M749, M754 (al420), M755, M773, M789, M791-2, M803, N35, N171-2, P50, P317, P397, R47, R107, 823, 8485, S487-8, 8492, 8500, 8509, S693, T93, T189, T193, T206-7, T336, T344, T369, 7383(1450), 7403, 7478, W45, W399, W517, W606, W625, W707 Saying: M115, M331, P50(1465), 8139 Scab: L422, S391 Scabbard: S975 Scabbed: B131, H523-4, S217, W517 Scabby: M275 Scald: vb. H350, L375, W87; adj. H229, H524, M275 Scalding: P437 Scape: W443 Scarce: L580, M454(al475), 8628 Scarcely: N120 Scarlet: HI 18 Scathe: sb. D450, H141, M84, 8390; vb. 8628 Scatter: 8227, 7241 School: В14, 0479, M224, 735, W450 Schoolhouse: 748 Schoolless: K53(al400) Science: L245 Scold: P66 Scomfiting: vanquishing M801 (cl400) Scorn: sb. P385(al440), 894, W229; vb. A145(cl450), E189 Scorpion: 8153, W488 Scour: R255 Scrape: A228, D446(1533), H351, 071 Scratching: 166 Scum: B404 Scythe: 0440, 0423, H456 Sea: B562, D409, F289, F362, M503, M536, N179(al393), P69, 854-5, 8248, 8253, 8561(al450), S655, 8675(01415), 8830, 8928, 7115, 7185, W58, W75, W79(1481), W80, W93, W671(cl390) Sea-bank: G441 Sea-flood: 8830 Sea-foam: F361(cl440) Sea-gravel: F289 Seal: sb. W609; vb. B618

717

Search: E180 Sea-sand: C439, G441 Season: sb. P126, 8860, T88(1492), TlOl, T116, T311, W149; vb. S36 Second: C646, F153, Y8 Secret: sb. C462(1477), D394, E23, F413; adj. D134, D425, N170, W237 Secretness: D120(cl520) Secutois: executors E38, M59 (al500) See: A136, B220, B255, B297, B360, C95, C105, C108(1492), C179, C227, C351, D53, D61, D134, D280, E86, E214, Ε2Ιβ, E219, F116, F158, F248, G126, G232, H245, H264, H386, H414, H629, K22, L536, L596, MU, M51, M108, M323, M364, M374, M566, M789, N85, N92, 060, P338, S47, S60, S176, S428, S491, S509, S528, S688, S783, T132, T139, T465, W49, W361, W367, W370, W427, W449, W478, W561, W658, Y26 Seed: C263, C432, D433, F129, F689, L96, P388, T298, V28, W582 Seeing; S307 Seek: A130, A226, B148, B314, B562, B564, C532, E61, E171, F75, F113, F389, F577(al500), G181 (cl545), H136, H523, H618, K98, L47, L272, M479, M680, M812, N135, P244, S523, S802, T115 (1450), T190-1, T512, W636, W690 Seely: R143, W428 Seem: F455, M342, M762, T96, W231, W393, W425 Seemly: D360 Seethe: S537 Seigniory: M414 Seignory: M161 Seize: H410, R34 Seizing: T298 Selcouth: wonderful(ly) adj. E59; adv. L384 Seid: F616, F622, M372, Y36 Seldom: ad/. S613; adv. B277, D202, E29, F376, F498, F689, F692, G425, H139, H328, H611, L415, L417, L536, M115, M276, 083, P267, S129-30, S590, 8722 Seldseen: S613 Self: T514 SeU: B40, B615, B637, C435, F299, G77, GlOO, G333, G388, HI 18, L114, N41, R130, R180, S173, T47, T174, T355, W286, W369, W516 Selthe: L382

Semblable: B129(al439), E171, L272(al449), T115 Semblant: L554, S96, W498 Sembly: assembly S220(cl400) Send: A255, F392, F460, G199, G226-7, G233-7, G242-3, G246, G261-2, G271, G273, L48, L83, M625, N139, N179(al450), W399 Sensuality: B133(1509) Sentence: T390, W411 Sere: divers M202 Serf: E147 Serpent: A42, A44, T185 Servage: D239 Servant: L421, L443, L455, M271, M408, M411, T188, W419, W605(1477) Serve: A70, C147, E90, E212, F118, G259, H472, M104, M161, M227, M450, М467(1509), M763, N169, N177, P320, S64, S66, 8806(1532), S919, 8975, T139, W588 Servers: M59(al500) Service: K25, V24 Set: A28-9, A69, B540, C25, C32, C60, C187, C356, C597, 0642, D14, E13(1556), FIO, F155, F480, G238, G360, H82-3, H128, H296, H456, 132, L188, L191, L539, M213, M265, M474, N7, N43 (al425), N143, P123, P215, P346, Ρ36β, P376, R15(1533), S268, S272, 8359, S457, S499, S873, T229, T474, T497, W156, W228, W505(1484), W586, W714. See also Not set Seven: sb. F245, G238, S359; ad). F472, F647, H598, 114, N117, S889, W606, Yll, Y14 Several: B39 Severe: P255 Shade: M165, S180 Shadow: L243, M277, S174 Shaft: W605(cl450) Shake: B118, B286, D446, W288, W310 Shall: N61 Shallow: P230 Shame: sb. A130, D192, D239, F39, F140, F606, H178, H287, H373, H652,153, L9, L403, L447, L531, L562, M784, 076, P69(cl300), P382, P385, P391, RlOl, S338, W231, W506, W521, W610, W706; vb. F51(cl400), K94, N16, P426, T507, T510, W532(1485) Shamed: M277 Shamefast: M7, P295 Shameful: C535, D95 Shameless: K53 Shape: sb. P425; vb. A53, 0106, F486, H452, L249, T171 Share: K64

Index h Important

Words

Sharp: A185, B496, B543, B551, D2I, F172, G106, G456, H12, K87-8, M476, N4, N66, P377 (cl450), R53, R94, R162, S70, S277-8, S288, S417, 8593, S642, S700, S890, S974, T57, T95, T210, T221-2, T384(al529), T392, V2, W217, W577, W692 Sharpen: 158 8Ьаф1у: P373 Sharp-taüed: H436 Shave: BllO, B119, C577 Shaw: thicket S881(cl300) Sheaf: D20 Shear: A228, F9, N22, S200, S203, 8206-7, 8210, 8213, S220(cl460) Shearing: L41(cl390) Shed: sb. 8196; vb. B361, H436, S227, W76{cl395), W483 Sheen: C591, G323, 8278, S325, S677, 8886 Sheep: F232(1509), L37, L272(1447), L348(cl390), M217, M751, W452(cl400), W456, W462-7, W473-4 Sheets: W234 Shell: B178, E55, N190, N193-6, 095 P92 Shend:' B571, L289, M278, P236, P395, S217(al450), S280, S492 Shendship: L389 Shepherd: B616, M217, S211(cl450), S220(cl400) Shide: plank B506(cl450), M710 (cl400) Shield: B256, N83, T509 Shift: sb. F446; vb. H613 Shül: resound T271 Shüling: G388 Shin: M179, 8288 Shinbones: M112 Shine: Al 16, A127, B79, B344, B461, C26, C29, C594, D62, D68, D231, F204(al500), F252, F502, F559, F621, G42, G124, G282, G315, G328, H206, J3e, L21, L54-5, L75, L162, L215-6, L262-3, L282, L588, M373, M592, M660, M665, M698, N179(al450), P75, P165, RIO, R209, R217, S318, S329, S446, S453, S685, 8755, S776, 8797(1420), 8875, S887, S891, S893, S897, S906, T429, W287 Shingle: H14-5 Shining: D58, G293, M694, M699 Ship: N179(cl450), R49, T185, T208, W62, W72, W416 Shipe: S163 Shipman: D190, P18 Shire: sb. H634; adj. S434, S902 Shirl: shrill B225 Shirt: D106, K67, P331, S736

Index I: Important

Words

Shit: A168, B619, C264, H595, S241, W480 Shock: W709 Shoe: sb. C349, F484, H548, M325, T215, T368; vh. G389, H502, M381, S270 Shond: M191, P69(cl300) Shoot: sb. 124, 0 7 ; vb. A73, A104, A183, A191, B433-4, B437, B481, D331, F408, 153, L217, L243, M36(1546), P375, R156(cl40025), S189, S239, W502 Shooter: AI82 Shore: 8655, W69 Short: B346, D44, F494, G234, G268, H23, H525, H547, L l l l , L190, L245, L274, M104, M130 (cl470), M500, M524, P9, P261, P357, R68, S271, S471, S510, S855, T36, T95, T159, T237, T390, W531, W612, W632 Shorten: C394 Shortly: H501, L432, M774, W531 (1474), W586 Shot: C388, S97 Shotten: H365 Shove: B452, C61 Show: A169, B615, C463, E81, E172, H40, L549, L560, M82, M475, M754(1449), N124, P15, P65, P162, P236(cl450), R86, S419, S503, T94, T110(cl450), W587, Y32 Shower: A173, C298, H385, L60, L247, N179(al393), R22, S890, W372(cl450) Shred: 8228 Shrew: A17, D150, F620, M72, T247, W471, W715 Shrewd: B493, G234, N77, N79, S602, S977, T187(al449), T532, T536, W207, W212, W246, W270, W519 Shrimps: H365 Shrink: H491, S423 Shrivel: T468 Shun: E184, E226 Shut: 085, S697(cl475) Sib: S304 Sice: A25 Sice cinque: A115(cl390), D170 Sick: sb. L179, M484; adj. F272, H254, H256, L173, L260, N179, P354, P449, 8275, S328, S635, W471 Sicker: C541, D39, D81, D96(al200), G193-5, L236, L320, M16, M40, S248, S768, S801, S887, T132, W134, W609 Sickemess: H476, L461, P346, W189, W671(cl390) Sickness: A154, L173(1450), M487, P168, P298, 844

718

Side: P383, 8595 Sided: G460 Siege: L451, S525, W543 Sieve: W86 Silffing: hissing G381 Sift: B499, C438 Sigh: G165 Sighing: S468, W254 Sight: C235, E210, E224, F127, L496 Sighted: M263 Sign: F282, M752, T47 Süence: F441, W360 Süly: 0 7 0 Süver: sb. F67, F612(1484), G296, H45, H261, H447, M293, N12, P69, T497, V24; adj. S135, 8729 Similitude: M175, T115(al475) Simnel: H486 Simple: A44, B531, D361, L33, M279, T471(al500), T541 Simplicity: T186 Sin: sb. 0155, D391, E84(cl450), F606, G168, G215, G345,16, K41, L167, L478, M235, N179(1533), P389, RlOl, 8147, S608, T152, T499, V34, W60; vb. F617, L371, M154 Sinful: sb. W114; adj. V36 Sing: A128, A174, C146, C545, C600-2, E123, F458, GIOÌ, H213, H304, Ηβ46, M194, M266, M512, M677, N111, N114, N133, P248, P306, P348, R47, S292, S466-7, S469-70, S473-9, 8521, 8538, 8932-3, T342, W429 Singed: C84, C99 Singing: sb. L434; adj. M280 Sink: B422, F268, F672, L133, 8183, 8347, S784, T208, T253 Sinless: M235 Sinning: M23 Sire: L385, L538 Sisters: D106 Sit: A33, A226, B146(al450), C97, СбЗО, D149(cl400), D449, G486, H320, K24, L41(cl395), M78, M661, R21, S122, 8366, 8787, S961, S969, T77, T227, T369, W48, W194, W254, W497 Six: sb. A25, N179(al449), 875; adj. 8295 Skaü: T241 Skill: B485, H641, M452, M534, N147, W273 Skillful: L506, 8407 Skim: F72 Skin: A224, C90, С100, E153, F596, F600, H103, M385, M682, P439, 8209, 8218, 8256, T216, W446, W474, W481 Skip: CIO, K21, R176 Skulk: H123

Sky: H314, L256, R12, T55, W58 Slack: B478, Εβ43 Slake: A132, B506(1456), T306, W303, W426 Slander: T124 Slaughter: T395 Slay: A76, B145, D147, D239(cl330), E198, F264, F677, G167, G276 (cl300), H84, H404, K91, L360, L446, M42, M80, M99, M154, M744, R40, 8229, 8580, 8978 (cl350), T67(al500), T296, T395, W465, W639 Sleep: sb. H533, H607, M477, M697, V I I ; vb. B107(1509), B146, B242, D353, E35, F212, F366, F577 (cl375), G37, G259, G467, G479, H408, H427, J69, K68, M735, N115, 8361, 8970 Sleeping: Η5β9 Sleepy: B242 Sleeve: F702, N131 Sleight: S833(al393) Slick: E44 Slidder: G116, H47 Slide: sb. F269; vb. C296(cl499), F505, K4, 8671, W612 Sliding: G117 Slip: G335 Slipper: E45, M193, W151, W327 Slippery: G470, P216 Sloth: I6(cl300), T307 Slothful: Β9β Slothfulness: 16(1483) S l o u ^ : S538-9, S970(cl400) Slow: sb. B158; adj. A223, BlOO, H174, H263, K53, MHO, PI, S415 Slowful: M59 Sluggard: B158, 8393 Sluice: M555 Slumber: 8539 Sluts: A157 Sly: F590, M281, M570, N49 Smack: sb. 144, P139, 8440; vb. E199 Small: sb. B217, G444-5, 8846; adj. B414, C431, D257, D410, D447, F179, F231-2, F270, F430, F534, G418, H4, H478, L106, M159,06, P l l , P102, P230, P239, P409, P411, R62, R118, R162, 8115, 8159,8565,8621, 8672, S728, T41, T203, T518, W31, W403, W473, W603, W688 Smart: sb. H270; vb. 042, T27, W282; adj. L537 Smarting: sb. 166; adj. H356 Smatch: taste 8240(1520) Smear: 8959 Smell: sb. C226; vb. 8240(1509) Smüe: F508 Smfling: F544

719

Smite: B25, B182, B405, C610, D446, F32(cl450), G264, G372, G464, H14, H540, 160, L361, M282, M670, N9, R18, S576, S598, S779, S848, S968(cl489), S978, T271(cl400) Smitíng; Т547(а14Ш) Smith: M560(1532) Smock: E155, K67, W506 Smoke: sb. F184, F192, F194, T187, W541; vb. F256 Smolder: T187 Smolt: H429 Smooth: sb. R220; adj. D235, G118, G4œ, 023, S797, S835, W70, W577 Snake: G460, H80, S153, W327, W624 Snare: B309-10, B312, F230(cl395), F577, F582, G169, N88 Snarl: C639, D309 Sneeze: C106, C245 Snipe: C617 Snite: C617, F21 Snore: B398, H407, S968 Snout: S161 Snow: B357, F297, F577(al400), H14(cl400), S896, W429 Sny: S424 Soak: S41 Soap: P105 Soaper: P105 Soar: F32 Sober: A85, M15, M103, S694 Soberly: G259 Soft: ad). A132, C285, D221, F196, H643, L34, L513, L537, N149, S62, 8242, S287, S311, S313, S609, S797, S853, T302, T384(cl395), V13, W61, W98, W222, W567-8, W624, W686; adv. F17, T369 Softly: M18, W116 Soü: H552 Sole: S263 Solitaire: B307 Solitary: N27 Sometime: A53 Son: B182, F75-7, F80, M719, S717, W270, Y1 Song: A174, €600, E35, E79, GIOÌ, H646, M512, M582, M677, P248 (al430), R157, S292 Soon: A117, D143, F95, G52, G182, G343, H554, L399, L484, M41-2, M275, M410, P321, R142, S73, S130, S209, S357, S619, T24, T222 Soot: sb. W231(al500); ad), sweet H440 Sooth: sb. C213, P257, S500; adj. C541, D82, G196-7, G398, P48, P257, S245, S888, T96, W612

Soothfastness: T512 Sops: S520 Sore: sb. D94, F348, F405, G186, H259, H278, H356, L500, M484, M676, P252, S42-3, S45, S47, S796; adj. B l l , E206, H231, L3, N179(cl330), S108, S119, S468, S797(cl523), W144, W613, W643 (cl398); adv. B149, L287, S754, W591 Sorrow: sb. D239(cl330), E80, E131, G345, G360, G478, H139, J58, J60-1, L60, L471, L490, L498, M97, M236, M313, M642, N77, N179(al449), P255, P265, P386, P388, RlOl, S193, S476, 8500, S625, S932, T306, T439, W254, W257, W715(al449), Y14; vb. B467, C43, T160 Sorrowful: G281, N179(cl470), S476, S513, W241, W254 Sorry: sb. GIOÌ; adj. B279, C502, E161, G331, G374, H237, M131, N179(al449), P223, R114, S29, S476, W254 Sorts: A95 Sot: B215, F392, F408, F435, W486 Soul: E38, E198, G221, H261, H276, H473, 157, M268, M750, 054, W550.1, W614 Sound: sb. B228, F127(1518), V25; vb. B236(al450), T520; adj. A89, A167, F223, H251, 161, N179 (cl330), SIO, T201 Sour: sb. S942-3, S945-7, TUO (cl450); vb. L485, S942; adj. A80, A163, A168, C511, C515, F77, F597, G i l , G378, H601, K2, L246(1556), L524, M476, M811, S64-5, 8240(1509), S482, S753, T465(al439), W198 Souter: D190 South: sb. D163, E159, N123; adv. W345 Southern: D163 Sovereign: S856 Sovereignty: M424, 035, R227, W539 Sow: sb. C248, F697(1546), H567, M703, P89(cl475), P186, W486; vb. cm, C427, C436, C439, D375, G441, P89(cl475), R14, R49, R56, 8134-5, T298, T314, W304, W334 Space: D275, M59, P50 Spale: C235 Span: 129, 131 Spar: H9(al475), S292, 8561, S697 (1523) Spare: A170, B548, D343, F258, G261, G276(al393), G465, H22, M636, M772, 8626, T316, W466, Y1

Index

I: Important

Words

Sparhawk: C521, L84, P41, Q2, W5ee Sparing: M120 Spark: F701, N85, 8566, S622 Sparkle: sb. H616, S559, S562; vb. B510, C338, 8683(1485) ' Sparkling: F173 Sparrow: B604 Sparrowhawk: F37 Speak: A22, A59, A63, A90, A102, A217, A238, B236, B320, B429, C71, D29, D122, E6, E103, E177, E188, F44, F142, F436, F541, F616, G259(al500), G492, H133, H263, H266, 113, J9, K53{al300), K59, L435, M33, M66, M195-6, M198, M203, M319, M356, M367, M669, M681, M685, M754(1422), M755, M764, M766, M773, M778, N129, 043, P33, P153, P182, R156, S18,8554,8599,8615,8732, T186, T192-3, T205, T315, T366, T394, T397, T400, W63, W258, W379, W449, W551, W605(1450), W608, W626 Spear: A30, H650, M758, T392 Speckled: A43 Spectacle: P338 Speech: A132(al450), B221, F401 (cl523), L554, M754(al533), M778, S554(al500), S859(cl475), T237, W329(cl450), W388, W579, W581, W630, W642, W656, W692 Speechless: M276, 8554 Speed: sb. C121, F463, H166-8, M196; vb. A215, D126, F410, G239, G302,112, K51, L80, M87, M126, M207, M215, M493, M632, Мв38, P129, R93, R239, 8554, 8577, 8582, 8644, T438, Υ6 Speedful: 8485(cl420) Speld: spark 8559 Spele: save H564 Spell: sb. S952(al400); vb. F616, M775 Spend: C384, E38, -E118, E151, G51-2, G249, С2в1, G318, G343, H22, L399, M59(al500), M672, N77, N148, P125-6, 8274, 8553, 8577, 8620, T113, T250, T316, T327, T330, W491 Spender: K53(al400) Spew: H437, V18 Sphere: P163 Spiced: C408.1 Spider: P230 Spigot: С35в, D354 Spill: sb. B525; vb. B203, EI98, G276(al393), M778, P322, S217, 8250, 8606, W76(cl340), W329, W630, Yl(cl378) Spin: A38, R163, T245, T432

Index Ι: Important

Words

Spindle: S551 Spine: F313, P198, R204, U7 Spinning: D120 Spire: 07, o n Spirits: V12 Spit: sb. G385; vb. H85, H587, S780, VIS Spite: H224, H282, T406 Splat: split open P194 Splendent: D228, 5884(с14вО) Splinter: S632, S640 Split: P194 Spoü: B203, B571, E56, R153 Spofled: M304 Spoke: W207 Spoons: C235, F187, H45 Sport: W608 Spout: D149(al500) Spray: B378, B383(al508) Spread: S599, S894(al439), W222 Sprent: spring F577(cl350), S561 (1513) Spring: sb. P251, Yl(cl378); vb. A192, B565, C378, F204(cl410), F577(al500), G153, H208, K37, L348(cl450), P251, P433, R192, R206, S542(cl250), S562, S785, S828, W193. W357 Springing: F566(1465) Sprout: C259 Spun: R50, W571-2 Spur: sb. H2(cl385), P377(cl400); vb. R221 Spurn: F116, F466, H591, P377, W20, W711 Squabbling: С165 Squall: P225 Square: sb. 130; od/. D236 Squat: H117 Squire: F647, G226, H524 Squirting: A198 Stable: sb. B73; aä/. С124, D229, G58, 121, К48(с1460), L57, L439, M651{al500), N154, N161, P202, P247, R71, R160, S701, S769, S791, W14, W157-8 Stable door: S697 Stableness: B384(cl433), M652, W671(cl412) Staff: E89, H511, H562, M36, P2, W9 Stag: H509 Stage: C612 Stagger: G390, S525 Stain: L557 Staithe: W69 Stake: B102, S743 Stalk: sb. M710; vb. P76 StaU: F270(al500), 080, 085, 0 8 9 Stallion: C379, H529 Stalwart: N157, T468 Stalworth: L523 Stanch: M53, P396

720 Stand: A54, B102, B147, B406, B435, B613, C272, C558, F481, F507, G244, H118, H191, H219, H617, 14, K48, K62, L49, L264, L536, L584, M249, M283, M333, M400, M801(al439), 0 6 , OlO, 089, P205, P215, R55, S230, S658, 8663, S743, S786, S793, T6, T180-1, T203, T297, T434, T468, T509, W22, W25, W209, W221, W308-9, W388, W434, W617, W649. See also Not stand Standing: W63 Stang: A47 Star: D69-70, M689, Μβ98, P161, S54(cl390), S889, W58 Stare: B146(cl400), M185 Staring: D245 Stark: E65, G59, 122, L321, S648, S704, S742(cl425), W153 Stark-blind: D245 Starlings: F32(cl450) Starry: N102 Start: G278, H123{al449), H129, L362, L369, L491, M37, R177, S425, S569, S646, W76(cl386) Startle: B510 Startling: F174 Starve: G177, G437, P167 States: S525 Stature: M159 Staver: S525 Stead: T88 Steadfast: B384(al439), D230, K48(1492), M651, N161, S493, S702, S770, 5884(1340), W15, W120 Steadfastness: B384(cl385) Steal: sb. P326; vb. 063, G391, L419, M283, M560, N10, P447, S697, T165, T293, T311(1546), T325, T553 Stealing: T13 Steam: F704 Steed: H511 Steek: stab S220(cl420), shut S697 Steel: H277, 159, T221(cl500) Steep: S678 Steeple: P63, S56, W160(cl400) Steer: T401 Steerless: S247 Step: S814 Stepdame: F82 Stepfather: F82 Stepmother: C539, F82(1509), F520, I6(cl450), M392, S257, W271 Stere: S412 Stem: L201, L322, T49 Steven: G50, M210 Steward: H611, L446 Stick: sb. C603(cl497), H90, H511, M710(1509); vb. B544, B597, G391, M222, 8965-6, T6, T416

Stiff: B411, M371, M397, P203, S50, S703, S724, S742, S771, S851, T457, W16 Stüe: D327, M196 Still: adj. B2, B125(cl450), B273, C531, D83, D221(cl450), D355, E177, F397, F441, H133, H264, H382, H519,123, L35, M8, M198, M532, OlO, ί Ί 5 6 , P279, Ql, S77, S2I0, S404, S535, 8656, S725, S746, S772, S852, T175, T380, WIO, W69-70, W264(cl450), W377, W513(1509); adv. B323, C459, 159, S532, S670, T315, T370 Sting; A47, B170, B546, H436, 896, W53 Stink: sb. T187(al396); vb. B559, D206(al460), D437, G189, H592, P291, R7, 8167, S966, T523, W85, W88 Stinking: H354, T525 Stint: L82, T267 Stir: C393, M564, S668, S745, T468, T523, V12, W85. See also Not stir Stith: sb. P254; adj. 8704; adv. 8669 Stock: A163, K2, K30, 069, P389 (al333), R70, T465(al439) Stockfish: B365, R39, T247 Stolen: W71 Stomach: B530, L452 Stone: B516, C70, C187, C587, C589, C593, C603(cl497), D412, G316, G442, H218, H277, H380, H431, H637, M368, M370-2, M392-3, 070, P89(1340), R227, R238, 8528, 8745, T110(1490), T185, T384(al529), T477, W126, W492, W643(al500) Stone-wall: L596 Stony: M130 Stool: W194 Stoop: D313, K6, L476, M157 Stop: B607, G32-3, M433, M765, T399 Stopped: H543 Stopping: 0 9 3 Store: H438 Storm: С12, M373, P166, R15, S734, T475, W153, W287 Stormy: M694, N179(al393), P162, 8121, S399, T355, T464 Story: D374 Stout: L200, L323, R71, T49 Straight: C18, L6, L301, M398, P290, 8836, T243 Strain: G178, 0 6 4 Strait: W41 Strand: S829, T115 Strange: B640, E59, H594, N81, W509 Stranger: C638, P351, R252

721 Strangle: H593 Straw: sb. B526, C81, F113, F124, F182(1483), G270, H616, L226, M710, P3, T122, W4, W234; cb. R252 Stream: F289, G405, S87, 5894 (al400), W102(al4œ)) Street: H17 Strene: C224 Strength; E78, F368, F390, G178 (al400), HlOl, L381, L477, M86, M224, M413, M534, M801, 013, 051, 852, S616, S858, T169, W49, W418, W597 Strengthy: S51 Stretch: W234 Strew: F323, P89(1402) Strife: A256, B202, С165, G240, L82, N179(1513), S27, S612, S863, W42, W603 Strike: B30, D381, F406, 160(1546), N9, N43(al513), S652(al508), S975 Strind: disposition M720(cl450) Strip: S822 Stripes: W577, W644 Strive: 3146(1509), B421, C272, C553, D334, F450, F504, G253, K51, M86, S91, S830, W332 Stroke: sb. С3в8, L458, M157, M670, T49, T392, T471, W643 (cl398); vb. 071 Strong: sb. DIGO, L58; adj. A41, A83(al500), B587, C3, 014, С16, C73-4, C350(cl450), D84, D180, E65, H318, H358, 156, K53 (al400), L201(cI400), U24, L419, L523, M38, M86, M281, M399, M487, M491, N116, 04, P58 (1477), P312, R24, R129, R240, 852, S704-5, T548, V47, WIG, W17, W24, W27, W182, W572 Stroy: destroy C287(cl450), W464 (1478) Strumpet: P102 Stubborn: L366 Study: M407, S679 Stuff: H406, S383 Stuffed: H543, T518(cl515) Stumble: B349, H514-5, H53S, M178, R238, S133, S730, S823 Sturdy: 05, 8776(1556), T384 (al529), W18 Sty: sb. H405; vb. C296(cl470), H333, P188, S687 Subdue: L381(1515) Subject: sb. V37, W626; ad/. F79 Subtilty: F585 Subtle: M735, S90, W514, W531 (1485) Subtlety: F492, L381(1484), M801 (1456)

Succeed: A215, F503, Y6 Success: L382 Succor: sb. S300; vb. P301 Such: C34, C49, H655, K56, L372, L455, L463, L570, M408, M720, P135-6, P403, T465, W186, W614 Suck: C278, F159, H544 Sudden: sb. S854(al533); adj. A200, B125(al393), B385, C12, R144, W310, W531 Suddenly: Ν13Θ, W145(cl450), W439 Sue: A69, C618, G465(al400), K53 (al300), L363, M692, S338(cl450), T69, T173, V49, W372 Suffer: B276, B360, 0476, F266, F443, F453, F505, 0264, H264, H287, H385, H618,114,116, L287, L407, M211, M224, M367, M688. M690, M789, R165, S77, 8496, S859, T92, T179, T212-3, T258, T310, W137-8, W143, W147, W179, W245, W264, W381-2, W644, W657 Suffice: D52, El 19, G346, H104, M440, 033, Ρ46, W588 Sufficient: P55 Sugar: G12, P289, T331, V19 Suitable: T447 Sullow: plow H83 Sulped: S483 Sum: M397 Summer: A80, B125(cl400), B295, D223, F305(cl450), F317, F319. F323, F326(al430), F327, L145, MHO, M693, N108, N179(al393), R198-9(cl440), S881(cl370), 8882, 8885, 8887, S889, S897(cl400), 8903, S906, 8921, S924, W372 (al500), W373 Sun: 0315, D223, El, E159, E226, F265, F430, F561(cl385), G256, H206, M648, M651, M653, M655(1422), M708-9, N154, N179(al450), R207, 8278, S445, 8797(1420), S875, T146, W58, W287, W360 Sunbeam: M311, M709 Sundiy: M202(al400), S90, T63 (1523) Sunlight: S175 Sup: D158, K68, 8522 Superfluous: F332, K89 Supper: 0622, G259, L391, L397, W617 Support: B48 Supprise: H275 Sure: B512, B584, B618, 0358, C464, F501, F542, 0197, G288 (cl450), G362, H63, L387, M314, M733, P245, P247, P430, 8597,

Index I: Important

Words

8706-8, 8773, T364, T464, W86 (cl515), W118 Surely: G259, P336, S671 Surety: K77, P336, T355 Surfeit: H437 Surge: W96 Surgeon: L173(1484), L176(al533) Surmount: 0615, H448, M424, N12(al430), R205(1420), 8519, T513, W268 Surplus: K69 Sustain: E145, H277(al420) Sustenance: W651 Sütel: S489 Swallow: D401, F232(al400), F338, G178 Swan: G387, L272(1447), 086, S923(al500) Swap: 8968(01470) Swarm: sb. B176; vb. B177, H397 Swart: B356, 0330, C566, P235, R43, S30e, S484, T38 Sweamful: M695 Swear: 0233, G529, 013, 8954 Sweat: H553, S968(al500) Sweep: B107, B563 Sweer: B96(1456) Sweerly: slowly 8417 Sweet: sb. A236, B324, H433, S529, T110(cl450); adj. A159, A173, B34, B227, B352, B382, B444, B495, B497, C47, 0123, 0144, 0537, 0658, D362, E63, F196, F307, G6, G89, G429, H352, H354, H430, H434-5, H440, H442, H643, 127, J55, L3, L26(1456), L96, L113, L229, L246, L273, L278, L284, L519, L524, M9, M264, M431, M476, M525, M539, M544, M701, M728, M805, N23, N184, N192,046, P7, P207, P307, R201, R228, S32,865, S172, S314, 8324, 8344, S630, S753, 8870, T142, T409, T465 (1449), V12, W71, W231(al500), W615-6 Sweetheart: 0620 Sweetly: H543 Sweetness: B325, H434, W671 (cl422) Swell: B338, F4, S113, S155, S504, T343 Swelt: die G443 Swift: A186, C33, D293, E142, F31, F175, F467, F569, G29, 0459, H115, H147, H263, H389, L142, L201, L214, L269, P109, R4, R169-70, R240, S246, 8563, 8884(al500), 8909, 8923, T233, T288, V39, W294, W365, W439 Swiftly: A186, H534, S416 Swim: C232, D430, F80, F234, F268, T342, W95

Index I: Important

Words

Swine: A133, B552, D372, H240, P89, P192, R136, R158 Swing: S927 Swink: sb. S620, T442; vb. M140 (cl400), VI, W651(al450) Swith: F569, G423 Swive: D6 Swollen: B321, S958 Swooning: S95S Sword: AGO, A76, D252, G167, M90, M154(cl400), M174, R254, T384 (al529), T395, W605(1523), W638, W640 Syllogism: С4Ю Tabard: L473, M653 Table: C175, E212, S853 Tabor: H125, S527 Tache: fault M235(cl450) Tack: T450 Tag: sb. A71; vb. T i l TaÜ: sb. A137, B229, C98, CI 10, D336, E48, E109, F5, F355, H240, H244, H365, H369, H484, M753, P74(1532), S40, S96, 8652(1513), 8794(1546), S976, T338, T420, T424-5, W281, W327, W449, W679; vb. B616 Taüed: G460 Take: A58, A105, B94, B275, B308, B312(cl450), B327, B506, B541, B604, С190, C307, C448, C464-5, C533, C581, C631, C649-50, DlOO, D118, D139, E33, E87, E173, E183, E197, F230-1, F353, F381, F404(al450), F416, F419, F434-5, F440, F606, F638, F693, 074, 077, 093-4, G96-7, G169, G20e, 0241, G271, G445, H32, H85-6, H125(1556), H260, H262, H297, H314, H594, 133, Lloe, L367, L458, M59(cl450), M80(1525), M128, M192, M252, M254, M293, M356-7, M489, M661, M704, M747, M784, N31, N35, N48, N130, N146, N159, OSO, P12, P38, P141, P271, P429, R173, R195, R203, R211, R220, 8186, S195, S197, S201, S240, 5360, 8426-8, 8540, 8572, S636, 8665, 8754,8824, S945,8978, T27, T65, T116, T127, T151, T169, T194, T217, T311-2, T361, T480, T537, W26, W39(cl420), W54, W65, W108, W i l l , W117(al400), W125, W132, W162(cl396), W166, W267, W335, W432, W448, W479-80, W488, W499, W516, W577, W629, W661, W703, Y32(cl400), Y36 Takers: M94 Taking; M94

722 Tale: C623, E78, F687, Μ56, M128, M755(al350), R157, S384, S495, W244, W254, W475, W505, W593, W598 Talk: sb. 8139; vb. A199, T519 Talking: F401, 8602(1447) Tallow: H593 Tame: vb. B148, T393, W248; adj. €100, C609, L36, N55, 8211 Tankard: B518, L304 Tanned: L162 Tap: W356 Tarage: B581, E173, P199, T465 (al430), T469 Target: WHO Tarry; D161, F126, T107, T318 (al500), T348(cl400) Tarrying: T148 Taste; sb. T469; vb. H434, 8942 (al449), 8943, V38 Tasting: E172 Tat: T339 Tattered: F358, 871 Taught: H488 Taunt: 8500, T340 Taut: T4 Tavern: G35-6, I6(cl300), W361 Teach: B3, B476, C106, C210, C375, C544, D282, F107, F404(al400), G272, H513, M355, N59-60, P259, P361, P397, S615 Teacher: MISI Teaching: E127, M332 Tear: P47, W115, W447 Tears: C555, J73, W537-8 Teat: Ul(cl390) Teem: 8112 Teheeing: Ы 3 4 TeU: C459, C466-8, F366, G41, G198, H118, H264(cl450), H268, L564, M56, M184, M569, M775, P148, P297, P332,8512, T20, T22, T25-6, T33-5, T379, T499, W194, W242, Y20. See also Not tell Teller: D246, T27 Telling: T25 Tell-tale; LI Temperance: H254(1533) Temperate: L175 Temperately: 0259 Tempest: E159, H606, 8108, SI 19, S248, 8250, 8797-8, 8801, T276, T464 Temporal: P424, T161 Tempt: W532(cl470) Ten: sb. C36, F245; adj. B301 (cl525), C389, D220, L423, M105, M285 Tench: F233(al449) Tender: B530, C189, D221, H99, P34, T384(al475), T481, W411 Tenor: B476 Tent; T298

Term: E l l l , 8163, T515, W431 Termination: E84(al500) Teme: fierce T289 Test; A56, A232 Thank; sb. B270, B514, 076, T45; vb. E29, G259(cl475), G262 Thankless; M763 Tharf: E185, M201, M204 Thee: pron. G95, Kl; vb. C298, F73, W367 Theft: M138(cl475), 8666, T77, W499 Theow: L443 There: D349, N179(al393), 8461 Thester: dark sb. E184; adj. N105, T75 Thews: F620, 013, 8602, T63 Thick: B125(cl400), B167, C182, C427, D411, E71, F176, F227, F305(cl450), F333, G171, 0375, G424, H13, H154, H366, H444, L143, M709, N38, 0 2 , P21, P198, P344, R12, 855, 8126, 8212, 8435, S675(cl425), S726, 8803, T266, T335, T458, U7 Thief: A250, E27, E184(1480), E209, F114, F433, K53(al400), L95, L456, M59(al500), M130, M251, M266, M299, M560, N179 (cl450), R60, R194, 8162, 8695, T191, W259, W393, W562 Thin; sb. T64-5; adj. P23, R22, T250, W360(cl450) Thine: M571 Thing: BlOl, B182, CI, C239, C404, C424, 0526, 0648, D99, D270, D287(cl450), E59, E164, F58, F254, F374, F385, F416, F631, 076, G80, G202, 0204, G415, G492, H109, H158, H413, L7, L208, M67, M184, M202-3, M297, M307, M342, M363, M388, M441, M444, M464, M507, M622, M633, M790, N39, N47, 013(1484), 027, P45, P57, P331, P412, Q5, R109, R180, 883, 8514, T18, T241, T319-21, T461, T511, UIO, V47, W108, W256, W381, W485, Y32(cl400) Think: A48, Α67(14β9), A68, A138, A233, BlOl, 0568, E84, F43, F67, F119, F374, F436, F451, 0352, G355, G454, G482, H268, H373, 115, L435, L558, M46, M347, M640, M685, M707, M754(cl475), M755, M785, M791, P127, P153, R19, 879, S193, S197, 8400, 8404, 8575, 8583, T17, T175, T178, T189, T383(1450), W259, W263, W620 Third: B602, G333, M435, T317, Y8 Thirl: D412, L41, P357

723 Thirled: M127 Thirst: sb. A131, D400; vh. M53 Thirsty: M432 Thistles: F314 Thitherward: N179(al410) Thole: M688, R74, W138, W179, W264 Thong: B577, H547 Thorn: B560, В62Э, G421, H439, H486, L280, M138(el449), M710 (1509), N112, P377(cl450), R197 (al475), R198, R204, R206 Thom-tree: N94 Thorou^£are: W663 Thou: N179 Thought: С173, F415, F448, G492, H289, 154, K5, L175, P122, S472, T138, V53, W374 Thousand: D56, P329 Thraldom: F19, T255 Thrall: sb. E84(cl450), F429, F612, K53, T298, W605; adj. W637 Thrash: B50, Y30 Thrashing: P6 Thraw: rush B177(al508) Thraward: W265 Thrawn: W265 Thread: sb. C294, H99, M733, S319, T259; vh. W360 Threadbare: H453, L473, P445 Threaden: L13 Threat: sb. W643(1447); vb. M198 Threaten: W49(cl523), W617 Three: sb. T544; adj. B87, B301, B433, C234, D96(al300), F620, G230, H189, H242, L175, L472, L488, M59(al500), M611, N33, 0 8 4 , R249, S353, S366, S807, S821, T183-8, T301, Wlll(1525), W576, W619 Three-footed: S795 Threst: K24, W33e Thrift: D66, 132, T46 Thrifty: Y32(al500) Thrillage: thraldom T255 Thrive: B602, C225, E31, F369, G248, G333, G351, L164, L199, M155, M254, R143, S173, T476, W163, W367, W629 Thriving: S624 Throat: C424, M755(1484), W486 (al400) Throne: A82 Throw: sb. F412, M285, S777; vb. B490, C603(cl497), F20, 085, P89(1340), T317, W126, W136 Thrush; 0 5 7 Thrust: B398(1523), C607, 0464 Thumb: F152, H478, M378, M559, T340, T362 Thunder: N120, R18, T52, T54 Thunder-dint: F176 Thundering: T487

Thyme: P53 Thyself: KlOO Tickle: vb. E15, T398; adj. T8, T323, W671(cl390) Tickleness: H399 Tielding: L434 Tide: D96, M699, R199, S881 (cl370), T312, T318, W335, W671(cl390) Tiding!: D246, M552 Tie: A146, B232, M733 Tiger: L50 Tüed: T419 ТШ: F129, M121, P273, S333 Time: A34, Г)96, F439, 026, 076, 0243, 0260, G335, G439, L254, M104, M118, M210, M359, M404, M738, M789, P435, S297, S485, 5491(1519), T36, T88, T186, T258, T504, W219, W423 Timely: S693 Timid: H i l l Tind: F204 Tinder: F182 Tine: H200, M157, P371, S614, S891. T45, T298, T442, W39, W284 Tingle: E12 Tinsel: W630 Tip: T337 Tippet: 0292, T2 Tit: seize P192 Titmouse: T338 To: N179(al393) Toad: P3 To-burst: 0 1 2 5 To-chop: F270(al500) Tod: fox W474(al513) To-day: sb K52; adv. T364, W606 Toddle: W213 Todeal: D447 To-draw: E l 18, W467 To-dreve: D149, S220 To-drive: L145 Toe: 0575, S224, T8, T421, T424 To-fare: S184 To-inish: H390 Together: F639 To-^ide: S184 Token: F2, 035, L434, W230 ToU: H89, Μ561 To-morrow: sb. J51, K52,081, T348; adv. B315, D57, E36, T349-55, T405 Tongue: B148, B429, B540, E5, F12, F401, F413, F594, H268, H299, M98, M193, M196, M260, M335, M722, M754, S77, S580, T369, T411, V23, V41, W245, W258, W377, W513, W583, W590, W639 Tonsure: H2(al500) Tools: W217, W653 Toom: B225(al475), T518-9

Index I: Important

Words

Tooth: B541, 0179, 0377, E208, F77, H518, H536, T386, W612 Torch: 024, S889(cl449) To-rent: S242 Torment: H473 Tom: S7 To-shrape: H246 Totter: G392 Touch: 0109, D420, 0 7 , H505, H535, P236, P347, Q I 5 , S296, T l , W488 Tough: E67, L160, L291, M519, N196, S850, T218, W99 Tow: F182(al393) To-wend: S825 Tower; L19, T351(cl450) Town: B187, 0272, L595, S451, T254, T351(cl450), T383(al475), W558-9, W671(al450) Trace: sb. P377(al430); vb. H582 (al430) Tradesmen: M251 Trailing: W281 Train: B305 Traist: vb. M297; adj. F646, S707 Traisting: trusting V23 Traitor: S953 Tranquility: N179(al500) Transfigure: S61 Transitory: F108, G156, P422, T449, W671(cl412) Transplant; T474 Trap: sb. S427,8665; vb. S427(al393) TravaÜ; sb. H139(1532), L l l , M81 (cl450), M307; vb. H388, M140, M247. N53, VI, We51(al400), Y32(al500) Travel; B418 Travelled: W501 Treacher: deceiver K53 Treachery: E97(cl300), L79, W195 Treacle. N179(al437), V14-5 Tread: F483, M372, 079, 8267, W679 Treason: E97(cl300), F3, S98, S618, T492 Treasure: A209, A240, 0556, 0613, 0615, F495, F668, 0318, M53, M442, M461, N12(1478), P68 (cl440), P69(cl300), P293, P330, S514(al410), T505 Treat: J76 Treatable; L26, WlOO Treaty: W543 Tree: A162, A253, B45, B196, B379, B382-3, B491, F128, G268, H79, K12, L6, L136, L140, L143-5 (al450), L146-7, N179(al393), O i l , P206, P251, R192, T542 (al500), V24, W168, W438, W561 Tremble: L147 Trendle: A169, B31, W209

Index

I: Important

Words

Trespass: sb. S942(cl475), W391; vb. H30 Trest: trust W664 Trial: A231 Tribulation: F528, N108 Trick: C517, H400, H469, M80, S665, W620, W711-2 Triclde: R18, W538 Tried: T505 Trim: P32 Trine: S814 Trinity: S89 Trip: D297, M335, S644 Trist: sb. confidence E97(cl300); vb. trust S712; adj. confident S708 Trot: F359, H513, N54 Trotter: H513 Trouble: sb. B52, E84(cl450), E131, G298(cl495), J58(cl475), M513, P263, Q19, S973, W344, W489, W657; vb. F242, H654, T188, T507 Troubled: E225, H285 Trow: B221(1438), C213, E154, F364, F414, P429, T336, W505 Truces: E112 True: sb. W423; adj. A90, A195, B281, B326, B368, B384, B438, B455, B486, С109, C541, D136, D388, F43, F123, F535, F644, F656, F661, G119, G192, G197, G399, H298, J44, L419, L421, L553, L555-7, L560, M31, M298-9, M309, M520, M523, N98, P48, S21, S667, S709, S774, T78, T83, T443, T459, T482-3, T542, W259, W393, W411, W492, W564, W609, W618 Truly: G259, S776(al460) Trump; sb. G2; vb. W552 Trumpet: B248 Trunks: G418 Trust: sb. C391, D336, F433, L559, L590, P129, P134, S159, T355; vb. A108, A233, B216, B564, B568, C190(1532), C392, D387(al400), ElOO, E201, F12, F367, F546, F584, F625, F658, F662, Η53β, L210, M59, МИ4, M174, P134, P410, P429, R70, S170, S939, W139, W242, W364, W423, W505, W607, W671(al449), Y13; adj. A90, S710 Trusty: C78, F663, L421 Truth: A24, B268, B384(cl395), C217, D277, F46, F48, F255, F640, M310, M493, M749, M755{al350), M773, M802, N137, R234, S292, S485, S490-2, S584, T326, T363 Truthless: K53(cl500) Try: vb. B268, E81, G298, N137,

724 P429, S410, T90, T326, T514; adj. excellent T443 Tub: S451, T29 Tumble: A145(cl450), B25, S7, T427 Tun: M154, S451, V25, W356-7, W362 Turbid: S176 Turd: C559, F121, R233, T228-9, T351, W497, W592 Tum: sb. E169, E194, M589, T67 (al439); vb. B32, B120, B398 (cl400), C81, C107, C141, C247, D342(cl400), E18, F105, F415, F465, F536, G380, H36, H49, H123{cl400), 163, L50, L148, M372, M497, N39, N151, P190, P292, P384, R237, S295, S364, S455, S825, S948, T2, T49, T180, T331, T359-60, T423, V6, W81, W145(cl450), W160, W209, W307, W337, W347, W526 (1471), W610, W672, W677, W679 Turning; W4 Turnip: N72 Tut-mouthed: A143 Twain: sb. D4, D356, 043, S513, T248, T532, T548; adj. F8(1506), H140, J60, L472, РИЗ Twelve: M34 Twenty: D219, S215(al400), S220 (cl400), T452 Tweon: M354 Twice: adj. 082, T26; adv. G76 (al440), H550 Twig: B291, P251(1509), R104 Twink: T547 Twinkle: S686 Twinkling; F177, L434 Twist: sb. twig F577(cl375); vb. W35, Y4 Two: sb. M738, 036-7, 039, P125, T248; adj. A153, B301, B575, ClOl, C415, C540,0654, D332-4, E6, E193, F8(1513), F12, F66, F343, F440, F467, F496, F620, G24, G357, G446, H140, H242, H250, H545, K83, L184, M49, M59(al500), M227, M300-1, M320, M435, M571, M771, 090, P53, P93, P113, P120, P183, P188, P190, P278, R30, R125, R250, S83, S85, S283, S426, S452, 8513(1546), S794, 8809-10, 8814, S841, 8850, T i l l , T151-2, T202, T381, T452, V27, V45, W91, W95, W i l l , W115, W117, W119, W409, W500, W619, W641 Two-edged: S980 Two-handed; S976

Tyke: H592(al513) Tyrannous: T288(al500) и Ugly: B97 Umbraid: W700 Unadvised; M302, 8616 Unadvisedly: W531(1474) Unapt: M224 Unasked: G65 Unassayed: T142(1513), T496 Unbeaten: C200 Unbend: B483 Unbind: B288, T215(cl395) Unblessed: U2 Unbliss: N179 Unboden: G486 Unborn: B12, C200 Unbought: T217 Unbuckle: P455, T215(cl395) Unbuxom; disobedient C200, K53 Uncall: 8402 Uncalled: C447 Uncertain: A54, A172, F530, F533 Unchangeable: K48(1492) Unchaste: B426 Unchastised: C200(cl450) Unclean: B306(cl450), H88 Uncommitted: 0 2 0 Uncouth: M303 Uncover; T187 Under; B609, N179(cl450) Undemim: F664 Underset: B48 Understand; F402, H262, J75, M166, T26, TlOO, W411 Undertake: N146 Undiscreet: P134 Undone: D287, T178 Uneath: scarcely N120 Unended: T106 Unfaithful: T483(1501) UnEnished: T104(1509) Unfold: B77 Ungood: T147 Ungracious: D137 Unhappiness: H139(1532) Unhappy: P132, W436(cl440) Unhealthy: L287 Unhende; F695 Unhill: uncover T187 Unhungry: M473 Unimete: R13 Unite; V47(1484) Unjust: 8893 Unked: unknown M278 Unkend: W491 Unkmed: W38 Unkind: A95, B369, F666, M59, P418, 8744, T278, W435 Uridssed: U5

725 Unknown: F627, M278, W491 Unkouth: M278 Unlace; T215(cl395) Unlearned: C200(cl450) Unlettered: K60 Unlike: M653 Unlikely: H109 Unlucl^: и з Unmethe: E168 Unmoaned: U6 Unmovable: S775 Unmoving: S775 Unperceived: N92 Unprepared: T304 Unprofitable: S411 Unreasonable: B146(al400) Unride: P255 Unrighteom: S893 Unrobbed: Ρ69(α1415) Unrocked: R41

T130,

Unsad: unreliable We71(cl412) Unscomed: S92 Unseely: U3 Unseemly: L550 Unsele: M188 Unselth: S145 Unset: G50, M210 Unshamefast: H560 Unsib: S69 Unsicker: D96(al200) Unsmart: B478 Unsou^t: L466, U5 Unstable; A95, F272, F290, H98, L79(al500), L578, M16, M373, Κβ9, S107, W59, W158, W250, W295, W526, W671(cl412) Unsteadfast: H98, N179(al450), W61(cl395), W295, W298(al500), W671(al450) Unstirable: S776 Unsure: B16, W671(al449) Untaught: C200(cl425), S77, T369 Unthank: T418 Unthanks: M189 Unthewed; unruly K53 Untimely: E73 Untrue: D140, M516, P134, S98 Untruly: R114 Untrum: weak, ill F272, N179, S635 Untnisty: M16 Unware: D65 Unwhole; E226, H233 Unwholesome: F274 Unwieldy: Т Ш Unwise: B485, K61, M304, R95, W134 Unwisely: S585 Unworth; G3, W390 Unwrast: H255, T397 Unwraste: M582

Unwry; reveal L173 Up: N179(1372) Upbraiding; W700 Uphold: W687 Upper: H74, L370 Uppermost: S122 Upright; adj. B432, C22, L302, P204, WIO; adv. C551 Uprise; S888 Urchin: P198 Ure: F519, M225 Usage: C646, E61, T63(cl385) Usance: P136 Use; sb. U8; vb. E5, F52, F610, L107, L248, N166, T182, W196, Y29, Y32(al425) Useful: C449 Utter: D19, L68 Vail: A243. See also Not avail, Not vail Vain: sb. L l l , N24, N88; adj. A74, E170, L179, T157 Vainly; S585 Valiant: N44, N157 Valley: G478, H606, N179(al440) Valor: M362 Value: H30, M22, P81-2, PI 18 (1485), P123, R247, R251, S806 (1556), S807. See abo Not the value Valure: value PlOO Vane: W161 Vanish: F699, H209, 15, L265, R75, R77, S187, S414, S447, T136, W336(1435) Vanity: A92, S952, W664, W671 (cl400) Vanquish: D448, L449, M98, M801, P61, T509, T550, W545 Variable: A95, E78, 0338, V4, W296, W526(cl505), W671 (al449) Variableness: P134(1459) Variance: N28, W39(al420) Variant: M650, W298(cl485) Varnish: H247 Vary: D372, E165, Мв62, V5(cl523), W160(1546) Vassalage; S371, T249 Veins: W708 Vendable: L525 Venge: M80, S193, W698, W718 Vengeable: В199, C203, L325 Vengeance: 0264(1509), M84, M807, S636, S861 Venison: D147, T76, W71 Venom: D378, H433, M156, M549 (al500), P86, S871, W624 Venomous: B96(cl450), T396 Venture: N146(1546)

Index h Important

Words

Vere: spring W372 Vermeü: R202(al533) Verre: H218 Verse: P408(cl502) Vessel: L379, P319, 5240(1523), T185, VIO, W86, W356 Vex: T507 Vice: C490(al450), D421, E199, E203, F47, G166, 16, 142, M793, P389(al400), S392, S617, S861, T110(cl450), V7, W252, Y32 (al425) Vicious: L250, T185(1509) Vict: V32 Victorious; A83 Victory: A49, F533, H363, M149, M320, M801, S277, S309, 8865, W39(1471) Vile: D104, D439, H3, H560, J39, M794, S532(cl515), W448, W674 Vaiain: A95, L531 Villein: V35 Vine: T223 Vinolent; W494 Violence; T318 Violent: T195 Virginity: M20, T186 Virtue: A82, D254, D424, E203, F686, G46, 0215, L149, L272 (1447), M443, M455, M797, M801 (1489), N18, 014, Ρ5β, R128, S308, S861, T45, T110(cl450), Yl(cl400), Y29^0, Y32(al425) Virtuous: A231, B195, 8460(1509), W42 Visage: F8, F13, H247, M298, S940 (cl390), W641 Visible: N92 Visor; F457 Voice: B304, F582, M754(al425), P196, W475 Void: vb. S716; adj. L533, N179 (1509), V25 Volage: A95 Vomit: H567 Vow: K48(al500) Voyagers: P200(1533) Voyaging: P200(1481)

W Wade: B549 Wag; 098, F247, H46, L145(cl400), Q16, R72, W160(1402), W659, W668 Wage: H471, S157, S163 Wager: B93 Wailing: W191 Wain: C51, C408, S778 Wait: L348(al400), M325, W532 Wake: H569, L241, S241 Waken: 0168 Waldin: pliant W298(al500)

Index I: Important

Words

Wale: W436 Walk: A7, B146, G438, H130, K84, P69, R222, S31, S936, T398, W76, W559, W580, W673(al475) Wall: sb. C78-9, C553, C630, H637, M635, S787, S790-3, W130; vb. W702 WaUet: S650 Wallow: G435, H539, L134, P190, P236(cl450), S171, S541, S968 (cl400), S971, W172 Wallowing: H567 Walnut: W28 Walter: S113, W9e Wan: A206, L129, R202, W169 Wand: S652 Wander: B628, L473 Wandreth: S27 Wane: sb. W415; vb. M663, R75, W338 Wanton: W36 Want: H620, L81, M97, M327, N179(al450), S171, S608, S722, W54, W263, W363(1549) Wanton: D294 Wantonness: W426 Wanze: S448 War: B64, B66-7, D163, D193, F6, F533, H433(1406), K50, L38, L105, M139, M212, M801(cl470), N124, N179(al500), P67-8(cl440), P70, S69, S278, T313, W638, W671(al393) Ward: W47 Wardens: F145 Ware: sb. M501, M632, P105, РИ7, P368; vb. H202, H218, W279; adj. D26, F449, G363, Η2β4, M170 (1436), M340, S297, W389, W391-2 Warish: cure C414 Warison: W417 Warling: M48 Warm: vb. F179, F484, H612, W617; adj. G256, M550, P236, S399, W102(cl395), W397, W569, Y28 Warmness: L243 Warmth: W9 Warn: A214, F82, G351 Warned: M305 Warning: B184, D92, S88, W392 Warp: P89 Wart: M179 Wary: A44 Was: 163 Wash: sb. S233; vb. F l l , H87, R18, T257 Wasp: T247 Waste: sb. H162, H165, Ρ296; vb. A171, B525, D399, D408, F327, LIO, M44, S171,8414(1479), S448,

726 8798(1523), W80, W102(cl375), W173, W329, W404; adj. Lll, W297 Waster: K53(cl450), W142 Wat: hare H125(1556) Water: sb. D208, D267-9, D412, F183, F188, F198, F209, F233, F242, F424, F683, F696, H419, H541, M496, M555, M666, P31, P322-3, 8176, S245, 8248, T121, T183, T267, T307(1509), T325 (1509), W324(al500), W339, W643(al420); vb. C179, H541 Watery: S278 Wave: sb. S248(al475), W70(1532), W332(al500); vb. R73, W160, W339 Waver: W340 Wavering: N179(cl470), W183 Waw: H46 Wax: sb. 8339; vb. C259, D413, G425, G477, H210, H633, L402, L484, M68, M663, S65, T250, W174, W603 Waxen: Oil Waxing: T185 Way: A89, B192, B355, C64, C394, D218-9, D349, F121, F466, G64, G137, G181, G259, L330, L541, P51, P53, 8787(al450), T185, W476, W662(cl450) Wayfaring: P200(1481) Waygoer: M266(al400) Weak: Β96, B478(1549), M86, M734, 8407, T473, W32 Weakly: M774(1523) Weal: G246, H399, 114, M630, N179(al393), W145, W390, W432, W671(cl390) Wealth: C522, F426.1, F509. H183, M796-7, P271, R107, T92, W313, W382, W390, W417, W657 Weapon: E222 Wear: B70, C357, C598, F106, H453-4, H549, M406, P63, P303, R107, 8269, T91, W446 Wearing: 8261, T91 Weary: B125, B601, D304, H359, L26, M182, W61, W442 Weasel: T247 Weather: Β609, C30, C315, M373, M645, M699, N179(al450), P162, P225, Rll-2, S278, 8284, 8797, T75, T271, T278, T355, T464, W374, W671(al393) Weave: C306 Web: P230, W571 Wed: L18, M175, M185, M254, M470, N175, W266 Wedding: C620 Wedlock: Y8 Wedge: C288, T468(cl400)

Weed: sb. C428-9, F301, F325, G34, G478, H354, L61, L280, R206 (al376), W673(al475); vb. C433 Week: D66, F622 Ween: С139, C409, C416, C569, D241, F441, F482, F507, G283, H334, M156, M199-201, M204, M314, 8193, S669, S687, T181, T345, W246, W386, W411, W434 Weening: B612 Weep: B149, C199, C223, C555, F584, H248, H517, J73, L92, L272(al449), M194, M280, M295, M688, N179, 027, 055, 083, W81, W154, W505(al460), W537-8, W546, W643(al420) Weeping: D120, E80(al496), G455, M297, W254 Weet: W307 Weft: W571 Weigh: A122, H315, L135, M567, W590. See also Not weigh Weight: F98, M418 Weird: D102 Welcome: sb. G279; vb. H38, H424, M384; adj. G99, H52, W62 Welk: B373, F323(cl400), N179 (al393) Welked: G436 WeU: sb. B575, D307, E185, H312, 8828, V7, W76(al475), W79, W86, W353; adj. Б75, D286, E83, E91-2, M188, T355, W423, W504; adv. B3, B109, B222-3, B271, B278, D275, D277-8, D280, D283, F141-2, H472, KlOl, L230, L408, M199, S77-9, 882, T403, W572, W707 WeUaway: S466, 8469 WeUawo: 8470 Welierimu: B15, B155, C62, C241 (?), D195, G372, H629, H636, M71, M703, 054, 081, S961, T344, W191, W279 WeU-stream: W79 Welter: 8778, S968 Wench: E135 Wend: B608, С159, E82, T444, W154, W160, W341, W424, W496, W639, W677 Wenlich: worthy M181 Were: L63, L348(cl300), T436, W468 Werewolf: H588 West: E34, W337 Wet! sb. D426; vb. C93, 8214, W225, W537; adj. B125, D224, F160, N179(cl470), S780, W563, W662(cl450) Wether: N456, W444, W474(al400), W568

727 Whales: T342 Wharve: W209 Wheat: B515, C428(al393), D118, D375, G419-20, M28, R206 (al376), T242 Wheel: F506, N179(cl475), S24, T377, W670 Whelp: B103, B123, B130, C214, D298, D314, L367, T293, W461, W479, W502 Wherefore: W236 Whet: B407, 158 While: L546, P50, W671 Whine: H530, P191 Whip: S652 Whirl: V5(cl458) Whirlwind: W334 Whisk: H123(1513) Whisper: C586 Whist: W574 Whistle: sb. F582; vb. F244, G381, 057, W342 Whistling: D312 White: sb. B328, B330-1, C136, H552, Y20-1; ad). B339, B383, B443, С133, C310, C568, C574, C592, D3, D363, E68, E140, F3, F214, F278, F308, F361, F522, G117, 168, J31, K73, L22, L113, L279, L285-6, M130(cl470), M545-8, N72, N179, P13, P24, P88-9(al410), P91-2, R105, R131, R202, R214, S315, S323, S436-7, S440-1, S449-50, S884, S930, S935, T235, T331, W202-3, W218, W570, W627 WhitUe: Μ5Θ2 Whole: sb. A55, F40, H40, L289; adj. F228, F691, M641, N179, P172, P246, S361, 7351(1509), T485, W444 Wholesome: A173, B530, F274, G478, M156, M793(al5(X)), S275, W171 Whores: W484 Whoreson: F117 Wick: wicked H434 Wicked: sb. W219; adj. A154, B566, D157, F174(1513), F464, G478, G492, H166, H290, M326, M570, N10, N20, R99, S200, S602(al470), S789, S842, T187, T399, T401-3, T465(cl386), W171, W248, W488, W545, W620, W630 Wickedly: E91 Wickedness: L386, W60(cl303) Wide: adj. P239; adv. S884(cl300) Widow: G440 Wield: F435, W513 Wife: B3, C206, С2в1, C270, 0389, F426, F539, G198, G372-3, H80, H468, H483(al500), H507, H618,

H655, K17, K53, K66, L16, L164, M19, M59(al500), M92, M154, M185, M194, M254, M355, M357, N54, N77, P69, S270, T105, T187-8, T202, V21, V37, W45, W51, W162(cl396), W500, W519(1513), W592 Wight: sb. A53, C350, D87, F524, M578, W629; adj. M327, R129, R169, WIO, W298 Wike: G3 Wild: A219, B127, B148, B573, B593, ClOO, C250, D294, F174 (al500), F178, F292, G234, G376-7, H148, H203, H526, K53, L326, N55, P377(al430), R171, S714, T258, W36, W93, W159, W298, W676 Wilderness: P200(cl475), P201 WUe: BIO, S869, W411, W532, W712 Wafül: K53, W526 Wül: sb. B412, C253, D356, E187, F596, G83, G191, G254, H264, H290, 118, 132, L23, L164, L194, M117, M121, M123, M133(al400), M155(al500), M168, Μ202(145β), M351, M452, M533-4, M614, 037,877, S144, T303, T370, T398, W242, W377, W385, W408, W419, W489, W499, W502, W519, W537, W546, W557, W666; vb. D285, G277, G317, L410, M108, M133, M425, T205, W387 Willing: N157 Wfflow: W5 Wily: F591, F595, M735, T247 Win: A105, A109, A161, C73-4, C518, E81(1534), F647, G40,044, G215, G259(al500), H266, H363, H634, L59, L63, L91, L238, L464, L467, L469, L488, L549, L561, M276(1555), M320, M683, M706-7, M780, N14, N146(1471), N147, N165-6, N179(cl470), P17, P119, P260, P296, P357, S643, S898, T155, T250, T307(1546), T330, T436, W39, W142, W274, W336(al500), W382, W616, W646. See also Not win Wince: C378, H504-5, P377 Winch: W20 Wind: sb A95, B318, B336-7, 0129, C480, D 4 4 3 ^ , FlOl, F105, F191, F247, F671, G19, 0381, G441, H387, L145(cl400), L146, N179 (al393), 0 6 , P272, R15, R71, S91 (al440), S186, S830(cl523), T53, T186, T267, T434-5, T462, T475, V4-6, W93, W96, W157-8, W160, W477, W513(1509), W515,

Index

I: Important

Words

W605, W632, W634, W643, W671(al393), W689; vb. O i l , P251(1509), W678 Wind-blast: L242 Windmül: Al Window: M299 Windy: R70, T122 Wine: A147, B416, G35, G298 (al500), L594, M515, P86, T47, T123, T471 Wineless: 036 Wing: B284, 0190, F356, G396, H350, R116, S923(al500) Wink: 092, 096, E196, E204, E224, M185, R19, T257, W220 Winner: W371 Winning: M586, W154 Winter: 0246,13, L143, MHO, N94, N108, N179(al393), 027, R208, S435, S437{al400), S673(al430), S685(al439), S876, T278, T452, Yll Winter-time: L144(cl400) Wipe: A194, B121, D446, H525, N131 Wire: G322-8, S331, W671(cl385) Wis: M255 Wisdom: B150(cl520), B194, D18, D420, E61, F387-8, F404(al450), 017, G265, H160, H625, L81, M34, M279, M329-30, M339, M358, M655(1422), S170, S460 (al400), S691, S833, W360, W417, W421, W594, W701 Wise: sb. M224, M344, 029, P298, W588; adf. A5, A44, A57, B168, B210, B431, B457, 08, 0160, 0291, C450-1, 0632, D27, D135, D150, E72, E114, E182, F376, F399, F403(cl475), F404, F418, F441, F443, F445, F453, F647, G27, G66,078, G88, G126, G187, 0316, G376, 0468, G493, H64, H106, H112(al529), H227, H264, H424, H488, 12, J75, L156, M34, M83, M102, M i l l , M130(cl470), M234, M253, M260-1, M265, M272, M327-52, M514, M572, N56, N83, N175, P16, P125, R158, S213, S294, S460, T124, T351 (cl450), T362, T367, W28-9, W43, W45, W163, W358, W386, W531, W565, W578-9, W587 Wisely: H171, S732 Wish: sb. D261; vb. B241, D272, E180, G273, H184 Wit: sb. A70, B457, 0231, D145, D422, E61, F388, F395, F404 (al400), F538, F545, H23, H104, H226, H230, H506, 152, L399, M117, M155(al500), M166, M224, M723, M801(1456), N60, T330,

Index

I: Important

Words

Wit (cont.) T549, W268, W271, W360, W401, W514, W526, W531, W622, W629, W703; vb. C108, D64, E167, F406, G393, H130, LI, L158, M187, M194-5, M247, N107, P70, W40, W144, W204, W534, W551 Wite: T136, W82 Withdraw: B506(cl450), P327 Withe: O i l Wither: B373, C286, F328, G435, H211, M799, N179(cl475), W172 Within: A155, S342, S365, W585 Without: A155, H398, S342, W585 Withsay: M243 Withstand: G276(cl375), M535, W102, Y32{al425) Withy: C259 Witless: G377, K53(al300), T122 Witness: F685 Witted: W565 Witty: F282, 062 Wive: M155, M191, W162 WUti: M651 Woe: sb. B352, B570, C459, D65, D238, D397, D405, D417, E80, E82, F295, F463, G102, 0476, H253, J58, J61, K5, L272{al449), L407, L504, L519, M97, M236, M630, N124, N179(al393), 037, P265, P384, S278, S467, S512, T352, T439, V14, W49, W132-3, W135, W137-8, W140, W143, W145-6, W194, W242, W254, W274, W508, W512, W557, W662(al500), W663, W671 (al400), W715, Y14; ad;. B187, M76, W45, W51 Woebegone: C261 Woeful: H620, L513, W254 Woke: dilute W80 Wolf: C190(1532), C291, D332, F34, F232(1509), G220, H638, L26, L40, L43, L46, L48, L201, S215, S218, 5221(1483), S229(cl500), S241-2 Wolfess: W470 Woman: sg. A95, A155(al500), B50, B148, C71, F408, H483(al500), H536, H620, K53, M26, M129-30, M254, M297, N35, P102, P326, R66, S90, S96, S152, 7185(1509), T188, T247, W242, W244, W374, W421, W448, W699; pl. B564, C473, D120, E16, F119, F182, M59, М202(с1475), T123, T158, V21, W275(1483), W358 Womb.: C3, F697, G18, T121, W681 Won: B567, Г461, H425, Y27 Wonder: sb. A123, M199; vb. MlOl

728 Wonderful: A52, B201 Wone (1): dwelling G476, W671 (cl390) Wone (2): custom U8 Wont: M361 Woo: B565, G317, W257 Wood: sb. B301, B506, 0562, D149, E207, F127, H638, M384, P279, S243, S527, V24, W121, W124-5, W457-8; vb. SI 13; adj. insane B128, B392, B593, 0243, D379, F178, H21, H116, H582(cl400), J76, L201, L327, M60, T290, W242, W298, W411 Woodman: M90 Woodness: M86 Woodpecker: W566 Wood-shaw: T458 Woodship: W705 Wooing: B565 Wool: 0585, D244, F9, 0190, S214, S241, W474(1451) Woolen: 0323 Word: A132, B215, B564, D136, E16, F50, F379, F414, F443-4, H9(al500), H264(1509), H283, H433(cl412), K48, L470, L481, L554, M206, M265, M276, M328, M555, M570-1, M685(cl477), S91, S384, S399, S602-3, S608(al500), S614, T186, T235, T383(1450), T490, T515, V33, W245, W497, W513, W515, W528, W532 (al400), W691-2 Word-wood: W513 Wore: W61, W76 Won: S176 Work: sb. B193, 0293, C507, D44, D157, D182, D289, E81, F700, G259(cl475), 0483, H62, L l l , L38(al464), L529, M79, M82, N132, S90, S346, S393, W313 (cl395), W578, W613, W642, W654, Y29(cl500); vb. A123, 0470, E180, E187, E190, F681, I60(cl489), K31, M176, M218, M317, M351, N30, N53, N134, P296, P377(al400), P383-4, S18, S285, S574, S978(al425), T394, W107, W652. See also Not work Worker: W654 Working: W645(cl390) Workman: S90, Y32(cl500) World: A52, 0114, D409, E170, F506, G156, G259, G295-6,0338, MlOO, M798, N161, N167, N179 (al393), 062, P200-1, 8485(1481), T355, T502, W58, W123, W180, W313 Worldly: B154, B351, 0314, D94, G103, G156, G330-1, H450, L590,

R119, S137, T87(1509), T99,T101, T147 Worm: T351, W278 Worry: H582, W464 Worse: sb. E181, E192, F431, S842, T152, W129; adp B134, B186, E89, H576, J42, K80, L430, M758, N179(al450), P137, P189, P441, R147, S17, S624, S892, T91, T255, T288, T402, T465, W136, Y25; adv. G51, H503. See also Bad, Not the worse, Worst Worship: sb. B122, 0314, D239 (cl450), G301, H178, L389, L403, M120, T113, T351(cl450), W255; vb. B276, M265, M671, S89 Worst: sb. 0409, E97, E192, M343, W i l l , W411; adi. 141-2, P67 (1556), S619, T105, T387, T392, T395, W207, W590, W635; adv. 023, S349. See also Bad, Worse Worth: sb. M603, PI 18; vb. D286, W438, Y14; adj. B273, B611, E l l , G24, H447, L81, M143, M358, M671, M674, M739, N12, N106, 038, P152, R179, S141, S232, S452, S454, S863, T246, W178, W420. See also Not worth Worthiness: L272(al449), W231 Worthless: 3202 Worthy: 040, M250, T215, W l , W138, W143, W419, W655, W704 Wot: R19 Wothe: danger E80 Wough: 082, M235(cl300) Woulders: W403 Woulds: D261 Wound: sb. A177, 0177, H260,161, L172-4, L513, S502, T208; vb. K91, L56, M154(al449) Wrath: sb. A132, 0203, H179, H263, P36; vb. K24 Wrathful: T188, W93 Wray: 0471, F396 Wreak: sb. W719; vb. E2,110, H263, W45, W518, W698, W718 Wreche: vengeance 0264 Wrench: D96(cl275), M204 Wrestlers: N179(cl400) Wretch: sb. D239(al420), H471; adj. P105 Wretched: 0354, 0412, L251, T465(cl390) Wretchedness: J58(cl421) Wring: Al 13, S266 Wrinkled: S417, S750 Writ: W643(cl450) Write: D374, E49, F654, H351, M132, T531 Writhe: W35, W81, W678, Y4 Writhing: W33

729 Written: W632 Wrong: sb. D344, E82, G82, J79, L386, M494, M630, N166, P124, P311, T110(cl450), T180; adf. B492, D348, H415, L U I , M292, S273, S540, T400, T470, W125, W371; adv. H65 Wrongfully: L464 Wroot; W486 Wroth: B388(al400), C203, 162, L328, P320, T288, W52, W299, W547, W720 Wrothly: E93 Wry: G154, S618, W268 Yard: C215, H90, S642, S652, W86, W571 Yawn: 059 Yea: N33

Year: C602, D50, D55-6, E82, F16, F128, F647, H361, H598, H602, 114, M117(1484), M155, M502, N117, S289, S438, 5658, S872, T452, W374, W477, W606 Yearn: E216(cl475), W549 Yeie: C534.1, P105 Yell: B591, W469 Yellow: B60, G294, G325, K74, L422, S i l , WlOl, W781, Y19 Yelp: F615, M788 Yelping: B556 Yeoman: T355 Yem: vb. W356; adj. eager L400 Yeming: running M555 Yesterday; F445 Yfere: sb. companion H596; adv. F639 Yield: C166, D116-7, E195, F129, G55(cl300), P345, W543

Index

I: Important

Words

Yivemess: T410 Yoke: J70, 0 9 0 Young: sb. D98, D243; adj. B14, B457, C210, C347, C352, C375, C452, C482, D298, E59, E62, F236, F376, K20, K53, L12, M41, M48, M158, M204, M253-4, M353-7, o n , P251, P396, P407, R46, S19, 52Ш, S216, T117, T185, T202, T470, W253, W490, Y32 (al425) Youngling: B565 Yourself: L210, M59, 055, P354, Z1 Youth: A69, €226, C524, L248, M181, M308, M655(cl408), N179(al450), T110(cl450), T185 (1509), T186, W359 Youthhead: E59, Y32(al475), Y36

INDEX OF PROPER NOUNS This index contains all the proper notms in the lemmas and the important proper nouns from the quotations. The few adjectives derived from proper nouns are included. In some cases it is impossible to determine the historical names, if any, which were intended. References to the phrases which use place names to indicate inclusiveness or distance (see Introduction, p. xvi) are brought together here: A32, A34, AllO, A134-5, B260, B554-5 B603, C6, C45, C63, C188, C410-1, C486, C579, D7, D160, D369-70, ElOl, F608, G448, H416, H631, 135-6, J25-6, J28, J56, K8-9, L112, L425-7, L595, 0 5 2 , P30, P310, R64, R182, R186, S30, S546, S721, T545, W8, Y22. Abraham: A14-5, 8460(1509) Absolon: A18 Achilles: A30, 8596 Acre: A32 Adam: A18, A35-8 Alexander: A82-5 Almaigne: AllO, ElOl Alton: P43 Angelsea: Μβ17 Angers: A135 Anthony: A133 Antioch: A134 Anwick: A135 ApeUes: D190 April: A172-6, D221(cl450) Arabia: G295 Arderne: H416 Argus: Also Aristotle: 8460(1481) Arras: P377(al430) Asia: A209 Augustine: E109 Augustus: A242 Aungey: A135 Austin: D179 Avicenna: 8460(1481) Bacchus: С123 Bayard: B71-3, P377(al430) Beelzebub: B63, B179 Beersheba: D7 Bernard: B254-6 Berwick: B260, B603 Blueman: E153

Blunt: J49 Bordeaux: 8116 Brasenose: T60 Breton: P171 Britain: B554-5, P407 Britain Sea: B555 Briton: B556, W195 Bucklersbury: B579 Burgundy: J26 Burrian: B603

Caesar: C I Calais: C6, D370 Candlemas: 0 3 0 Carlisle: C45-6 Carter: C241 Carthage: C63, G295 Cerberus: T288 Ceres: C125 Charybdis: 8101 Chester: B319, C188 Christ: C245, J70 Christmas: C246-8, G50 Constantine: C410 Constantinople: B554, C411 Constaunce: C63 ComwaU: H483 Cotswold: L331 Coventry: C486 Cressida: 7483(1501) Croesus: C556, 017(al449) Croydon: C372, €579 Cupid: A177-8 731

Dan: D7 Darius: A82 Daw: D290 Denmark: D160 Diana: D234 Diogenes: A82 Doncaster: Св54 Dorchester: E109 Dover: B260, D369-70, J3 Drawlatch: J50 Dulcamon: D432 Dun: D434 Dunmow: D440 Dunstable: D441 Durham; D369 East Cheap: E35 Easter: G369 Egypt: Ε5β Egyptians: E56 England: B260, C91, ElOl-2, E136, T342 English: E103, K l l , K44 Englishmen: E104-12, F617 Ethiopian: B356, E153, 8306, W229 Eve: A37-8, E156 Favel: F85 February: T342 France: F608, G295 French: B482, F615-6, J9, T430 Frenchmen: F617 Friday: F621-3, G369, P37 Frisia: C63

Index II: Proper

Nouns

Gabriel: G l - 2 Gades: S981 GalUee: G295 Gascons: E104 Gath: G41 Geoffrey: G47 George: S20 German: G49 Gib: G6I Gogmagog: G280 Good Friday: G369, P37 GoodwinCs) Sands: S56, S272 Gotham: G406 Greece: G448 Greeldsh: G450 Greeks; 0451 Griselda: G472 Grizzle: G472-3 Hastings: H173 Hector: H317-8 Hercules: H358, S981 Holland: H416 Homer: H427 Hugh: Η629 Hull: L425 Humber: D369, H631 Ind: C63, D160, E153, G295,135-6, L427, 052, T285, T291, W229 Ireland: T342 Jack: J l - 1 2 , M59, T362 Jack Noble: F550 January: 0 7 , J14, M653, T342 Jenken: J23 Jericho: J24 Jersey: J24-5 Jerusalem: B419, J26-8 Jesus: V54(cl475) Jew: J38-43 Jewry: J25 Jill: J2, J7 Joan: J53 Joan Brest-Bale: J1 Job: J45-7, 8460(1509) John: J6, J48-53, P153, S21-2 Jonathan: J55 Jordan: J56 Judas: J66-70, P153 Julian: J23, S23 June: R205(1513) Katherine: S24 Kendal: C340 Kent: B260, 045, D198, K8-11, T545 Kentishmen: E109 Land's End: L64 Lateware: L90 Lawdian: L I 12

732 Leicestershire: L192 Lent: 0247, D63, L199 Lickpot: F153 Lincoln: D212, D308 Lincolnshire: A135 Lizard Point: 0255 London: L I 12, L425-9 Long: J52 Longius: L431 Lothian: L112 Louth: L428 LoveU: 0 9 1 Lucifer: L585-8 Lydford: L593 Lynn: L595 Madge: Ml Mahoun: M3 Malkin; M12, M20, M511 Malvern Hills: M29, M595 March: B611, 0248, НПО, H113-4, H116, M373 Marcolf: M374 Margery: M l Marion: R157(cl515) Martin: B416, M391, 8460(1509) May: A175, B293, B500, 0248, D221, F305(al500), F306, F317 (cl500), F321-2, F563, F680, J14, L279, M422-4, M653, M696, R197-9(al475), R200(al475), R201-2(1464), R205, R207(1485), R209, S881(cl380), W372 Medes: L104 Methuselah: M526 Minerva: M572 Mohammed: M3 Mona: M617 Monday: M618-9, S907 Moor: D154, M667 Morel: M690 Mortimer: M 703 Newgate: E35, E40, Τ6β Nimrod: N116 Noah: M516, N117 Noble: F550 Noke: J6 Norfolk: S869 Normandy: R182(al400) Northumberland: K9 Octavian: 0 1 7 Oliver: R179 Orkneys: 0 5 2 Oswald: 0 5 4 Oxford: T60 Oxlyane: 136 Pace: G369 Pallas: P16

Paradise; H477 Parcas: ΟΙΟβ, S353 Paris: J3, P30 Paul: M486, P62-3, P154, S25, 8460(1509) Perown: P148 Persians: L104 Peter: M486, P153-4 Philip: A85 Phip: P157 Phoebus: M373, M592, P158-66, S797, 8881(01433) Picard: P171, P282 PÜate: P196 Plato: F640 Portugal: P310 Priscian: P404 Proteus: P425 Red Sea: R64 Reynard: F80 Rhine: G295 Richard: R112 Robin: J6, K24 Robin Hood: R155-7 Robin Swine; R158 Rochester: E109 Roland; R179 Rome: B419, 0295, P52, R180-4 Rome-runner: R185 Roncesvalles: R186 Salisbury: 830 Salisbury Plain: S31 Samson: 848-52 Sandvrich Haven: S56 Saracen: J38, J42 Sarum: 8125 Scarborough: S88 Scots: E107, S98 Scottish: M540 Scylla: SlOl Seine: S140 Seneca: 8460(1509) Session: M94 Severn: 8565Shropshire: S288 Shrovetide: S289 Sibyl: 8294 Sigelwara: S306 Socrates: F640 Solomon: M374, 8460 Southwark: 8531 Spain: 077, G295, 8546 Stafford: 8654 Sterling: S721 Stranaver: 8721 Suffolk: S869 Sunday: 0246, M681, S907, T280 SycUiens: 164

733 Tenterden: S56 Thames: R233, W80 Thomson: J53 Thursday: C7, T280 Tom: T362-3 Tottenham: T430 Trajan: A242, 017(cl420) Tristram: T482 Troüus: T483 Trowie: T483 Turk: T529

Turkey: P63 Tweed: T545 Tybum: E40, S872, T551

Index

II: P r o p e r

Nouns

Vale: J4 Valentine: S26 Venus: CI25, C634(al393), G168 (1509), L524(cl500), W359

Waltham: W29 Ware: B260 Wat: W56 Welsh: sb. W195; adf. M542 Welshman: W196 Westminister Hall: S872 Whitebeard: B332 Whiting: L57

Wainfleet: W8 Wales: M617, W8

York: Y22 Yule: P259, Y38-9