Practical Gastrointestinal Pathology: Frequently Asked Questions 3030512673, 9783030512675

Table of contents :
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Abbreviations
1: Gastrointestinal Disorders in the Infant and Child
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Developmental Anomalies
Hirschsprung Disease
Volvulus, Intussusception, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Tumors and Polyps
Inflammatory Disorders
Developmental Anomalies
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Hirschsprung Disease
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Questions and Answers
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Ancillary Studies
Differential Diagnosis
Total Colonic Hirschsprung Disease vs. Hirschsprung Disease with Skip Lesion
Follow-Up Seromuscular Biopsy with Pull-through Result
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Normal vs. Short-Segment Hirschsprung Disease
Rebiopsy Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Volvulus, Intussusception, and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
Tumors and Polyps
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Description
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Points and Discussion
Inflammatory Disorders
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Additional Laboratory Work-Up
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages and Discussion
References
2: Non-Barrett Esophagitis
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Findings
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis After Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Findings
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis After Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis After Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis After Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
3: Barrett Esophagus
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
4: Nonneoplastic Diseases of the Stomach
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Acute Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Frequently Asked Questions
Helicobacter pylori Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Reactive Gastropathy
Frequently Asked Questions
Autoimmune Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Lymphocytic Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Collagenous Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Granulomatous Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Eosinophilic Gastritis
Frequently Asked Questions
Russel Body Gastritis
Frequently Asked Question
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histological Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histological Findings
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histological Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histological Findings
Final Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
5: Malabsorption Disorders
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Message
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Case History, Continued
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Message
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Case History, Continued
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Message
References
6: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Case History
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Case History
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Management Options
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis and Management
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Case History
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Case History
Gross
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Case History
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Histology
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
7: Non-IBD Noninfectious Colitis
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
8: Appendiceal Diseases
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Findings
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
9: Anal Diseases
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Surgical Anal Canal
Histologic Anal Canal
Anatomical Anal Canal
Perianal Skin
Anal Fistula
Hypertrophied Papillae
Inflammatory Cloacogenic Polyp
Hemorrhoids, Varices, and Dieulafoy Lesion
Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn Disease
Syphilis and Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) Are Among the Differential Diagnoses for Anal IBD
Hidradenoma Papilliferum
Trichoepithelioma
Other Tumors
Clinical Definition
AJCC Definition
AJCC Staging Schema (Table 9.3)
The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology (LAST) Proposal
Verrucous Carcinoma (VC)
Giant Condyloma of Buschke–Lowenstein (GCBL)
Recommendations for Diagnosis
“Cloacogenic Carcinoma”
Mucosal Type Adenocarcinoma
Anal Gland Adenocarcinoma
Fistula-Associated Adenocarcinoma
Extramucosal Anal Canal Adenocarcinoma, Nonanal Gland Type and Nonfistula Associated
Anal Paget Disease
Poorly Differentiated Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Also See Question 9)
Basal Cell Carcinoma from Anal Margin Skin
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Malignant Melanoma
Lymphoma
Epithelioid Sarcomas
Case Presentations
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Discussion and Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Discussion and Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Discussion and Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Discussion and Take-Home Messages
References
10: Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Colonoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Right Hemicolectomy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
11: Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal Tract Injury
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis after Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis after Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis after Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopic Finding
Differential Diagnosis Prior to Slide Review
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis after Slide Review
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
12: Eosinophilic, Mastocytic, and Histiocytic Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
References
13: Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Pathology
Differential Diagnosis and Discussion
Final Diagnosis
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Pathology
Differential Diagnosis and Discussion
Final Diagnosis
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Pathology
Differential Diagnosis and Discussion
Final Diagosis
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Clinical History
Pathology
Differential Diagnosis and Discussion
Final Diagnosis
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Pathology
Differential Diagnosis and Discussion
Final Diagnosis
References
14: Non-syndromic Epithelial Polyps of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Colonoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy and EUS
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
15: Syndromic Epithelial Polyps of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take Home Messages
References
16: Mesenchymal Lesions Often Presenting as Polyps of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
17: Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Case 5
References
18: Carcinomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Endoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Additional Clinical Information
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Colonoscopy
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Ancillary Studies
Follow-Up
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
19: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Other Terms Used in Relation to GIST
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Imaging
Histologic Findings (Fig. 19.7a, b)
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Findings
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Histologic Findings in Resection Specimen (Fig. 19.9a–d)
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Imaging
Gross Findings
Histologic Findings (Figs. 19.12a–d and 19.13)
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Findings
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Imaging
Histologic Findings (Figs. 19.14a, d and 19.15a).
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Findings
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings Including Initial IHC Results (Fig. 19.15a–e)
Differential Diagnosis
Additional IHC and Other Ancillary Findings
Final Diagnosis
Follow-Up
Take-Home Messages
References
20: Non-GIST Primary Mesenchymal Tumors of the GI Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Additional Clinical Information
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
IHC and Other Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
21: Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies (Fig. 21.8c–f)
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies (Fig. 21.9c–f)
Final Diagnosis
Staging and Prognosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies (Fig. 21.10c–f)
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies (Fig. 21.11b–h)
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 5
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Other Ancillary Studies (Fig. 21.12b–f)
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
22: Transplant-Related Issues in the Gastrointestinal Tract
List of Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Case Presentation
Case 1
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 2
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 3
Learning Objectives
Case History
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Ancillary Studies
Additional Clinical Information
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
Case 4
Learning Objectives
Case History
Gross
Histologic Findings
Differential Diagnosis
Immunohistochemistry and Ancillary Studies
Final Diagnosis
Take-Home Messages
References
Index