Populism and Accountability: Interdisciplinary Researches on Active Citizenship (CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance) 9783031200311, 9783031200328, 3031200314

Table of contents :
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Chapter 1: Populism and Accountability: Interdisciplinary Researches – An Introduction
Part I: Populism and Accountability: Introductory Studies
Chapter 2: Populism and Its Definitions: Interpretations and Perspectives of a Multifaceted Political Model
1 Multiplicity of Populisms and Their Definitions
1.1 From the London Conference to the New Populisms
1.2 Populism as a Progressive Ideology of Transition
1.3 Populism as an Ideology Functional to Other Ideologies
1.4 Populism Generated by a Social Situation
1.5 Extension and Intention of Definitions
1.6 Six Questions About Populism
1.7 Let’s Give Cinderella a Shoe
2 People or Populace?
2.1 At the Origins of Populism: The Catalysing Role of Resentment
2.2 Ideology or Mentality?
2.3 Conspiracy Against the People and Anti-intellectualism: A Model from the Nineteenth Century to Sars-CoV-2
2.4 Populace Always Comes Back
2.5 Populism as ‘Constitutional’ Language
2.6 How Can We Read Populism? A Model of Historiographical Warfare
3 Why Is It So Difficult to Define?
3.1 Retrogressive and Praegressive Frameworks: Populism as Complexity
3.2 Searching for the Concrete
3.3 A Logic for Political Science
3.4 Populism, Authoritarianism and Totalitarianism
3.5 The Populism as ‘Thin Ideology’
3.6 Canovan and Wittgenstein: From ‘Essentialist’ Definitions to the Typology of Populisms
4 From the Mob to the People: The Role of Civil Society
4.1 Share Ideals and Factual Truths
4.2 Who Is the People?
4.3 Civil Society and Founding People
References
Chapter 3: Accountability and Stakeholder Engagement: Politics and Accounting in Dialogue to Improve Democracy
1 Introduction
2 Accountability: Conceptual Network Considering the Politics Approach
3 Accountability: Conceptual Network Considering an Accounting Approach
4 Accountabililty in Politics and in Accounting: Some Notes Concerning Relationships and Differences
5 Conclusion
References
Part II: Accountability Versus Populism: Intersections between Politics and Business Economics
Chapter 4: Business Democratic Value at Stake: A Business Ethics Perspective on Embedded Social and Political Responsibility
1 Introduction
2 Democracy at Stake
2.1 The Populist Malaise
2.2 Embedded and Dis-embedded Liberalism
2.3 Business as Intermediate Body
3 Political CSR Without Democratic Concern
3.1 A Contested Terrain
3.2 An Unexplored Territory
4 Assessing Democracy as a Business Actor’s Concern
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5: Property, Responsibility, and the Community: Toward a New Concept of Property
1 Introduction
2 Approach to the Concept and Legal Regime of Property in Classical Legal Families
2.1 Property in Civil Law
2.2 Property and Ownership in Common Law
3 The Debate on the Concept of Property in Civil Law and Common Law
4 Toward a New Concept of Property
4.1 Common Goods
4.2 Progressive Property Theories
4.3 Collective Property and Indigenous Ownership
5 Conclusions: The Elements of a New Proprietary Vision: Community, Trust, and Fraternity
Bibliography
Chapter 6: Citizens’ Participation in Deliberation Process and Multidimensional Accountability: A Possible Virtuous Relationship
1 Introduction
2 The Process of Deliberation: Literature Review
3 Deliberation and the Challenge of Cultural Pluralism
4 Deliberation in Political Science: Conceptual Network
5 Deliberation in Economics
6 Public Accountability and Deliberative Process
7 Adopting a System Approach and Meaningful Accountability
7.1 Economic Resources
7.2 Cultural and Constitutional Values
7.3 Health, Social, and Environmental Quality
7.4 Infrastructures and Artistic Dimension
7.5 Education, Knowledge, and Innovation
7.6 Communication
8 Conclusion
Referencess
Chapter 7: Accounting Systems of Postcommunist Balkan States: Towards Accounting Harmonization?
1 Introduction
2 Literature
2.1 A Brief Consideration on the Concept of Populism
2.2 A Brief Consideration on the Concept of Accounting System
3 Accounting Systems of Balkan States
3.1 Albania
3.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina
3.3 Bulgaria
3.4 Croatia
3.5 Kosovo
3.6 Macedonia
3.7 Montenegro
3.8 Romania
3.9 Serbia
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: The Role of Local Authorities in Opposing Populism Through Social Accountability
1 Introduction
2 Populism as a Limit to Public Democratic Processes
3 The Accountability of Public Organizations Against Populist Pressures
4 The Renewed Role of Social Communication in the Current Accounting System of Italian Local Authorities
5 Perception of Social Communication Tools’ Role to Combat Populist Tendencies: Some Empirical Evidence
5.1 Methodology and Data Collection
5.2 Findings
6 Conclusions
References
Part III: The Real and the Illusory People. Ideas and Narratives of Populism
Chapter 9: In Search of the Relationship Between Democracy and Populism from a Multidimensional Perspective. Some Paths: Accountability, Deliberation and Co-governance
1 Introduction
2 In Search of a Definition
3 Some Common Features
4 Populism and Democracy
5 Democracy as a Learning Process
6 Scenarios of Democratic Quality
6.1 Representation and Accountability
6.2 Disintermediation and Deliberation
6.3 Government, Governance and Co-governance
7 The Strength of Social Cohesion
References
Democracy’s Indices Reports
Chapter 10: Sense of Belonging and Disillusionment: A Phenomenological Reading of Community Dynamics
1 Introduction
2 Community and Society: A First Insight Between Sociology and Phenomenology
3 The Individual as the Basis of a Community Subject
4 How Community Works: Feelings and Intersubjective Relationships
5 A Specific Form of Interdependence Among People in a Community
6 The Contagion Phenomena: Mass Versus the Community?
7 Belonging and Disillusionment in Community Dynamics and Actual Situations
References
Chapter 11: Accountability and Populism: An Anthropological Perspective
1 Introduction
2 Resisting Definitions
3 The People’s Enemies
4 A Political Language for a Global Experience
5 Migration as a Synecdoche
6 Acting by Negating
7 From the Relationship to the Measure
8 Experience-Near and Experience-Distant Accountabilities
9 Value, Evaluation, and Education
10 Polarized Accountabilities
11 Accountability of Political Reversal
12 Conclusion
References
Part IV: Leaders and Masses in Populist Phenomena
Chapter 12: Populism and Political Leadership
1 Introduction: Leadership and Leaders
2 Populist Leaders
Populist Leaders Exercise a Personalistic, Rather than Institutional, Authority
The Personal Traits of Populist Leaders
The Way Populist Leaders Exercise Power
Populist Leaders Seek Government Power
The Direct, Unmediated and Uninstitutionalised Relationship Between Populist Leaders and Their Followers
3 How Populism Interacts with Political Leadership as a Process
Leadership and Political Leadership
Leadership as an Interactive Process
Collective Leadership
Political Leadership as the Pursuit of the Common Good
Physiology of Interactions Between Citizens and Politicians as a Component of Political Leadership
Political Representation
The Political Project
Popular Control over Political Action
Pathologies Affecting the Political Leadership’s Processes of Mutual Influence Between Voters and Elected Representatives
Pathologies of Political Representation
Pathologies of the Political Project
Pathologies of the Popular Control over Political Action
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: The Psychological Roots of Populism
1 Populism and the Crowd
2 The Group and the Person
3 The Rest of the World
4 The Motives Behind
5 Communication and Propaganda
References
Chapter 14: The Populist Leader: A Profile That Emerged from the Investigation Perspective of Phenomenological Psychopathology
1 Introduction
1.1 Populism: An “Ambiguous Figure”
1.2 The Limits of Empirical Research
1.3 Be a Leader and Have Leadership
1.4 Populist Leadership
1.5 Explaining Leadership and Understanding a Leader
2 Method
2.1 Epochè
2.2 Intentionality of Consciousness
2.3 The Existentials
3 Results
4 Discussions
5 Limits and Conclusions
References
Index