Photographic Atlas of Human Bioarchaeology from the Osteological Collections of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 978-953-7781-01-9

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Photographic Atlas of

Bioa rchaeology from the Osteological Collection of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Manualia Universitatis studiorum Zagrabiensis

Sapienti sat!

Photographic At I as of

Bioa rchaeology from the Osteologic.al Collection of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Mario Slaus MSc, PhD, Full Professor Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Anthropological Center

Mario Novak MSc, PhD, Research Associate Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Anthropological Center

Vlasta Vyroubal Instructor Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Anthropological Center

Zeljka Bedic Instructor Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Anthropological Center

Hrvoje Brkic DDM, MSc, PhD, Full Professor University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine Department of Dental Anthropology

Marin Vodanovic DDM, MSc, PhD, Assistant Professor University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine Department of Dental Anthropology

PHOTOGRAPHIC ATLAS OF BIOARCHAEOLOGY FROM THE OSTEOLOGICAL COLLECTION OF THE CROATIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS

Authors: Mario Slaus, Mario Novak, Vlasta Vyroubal, Zeljka Bedic, Hrvoje Brkic, Marin Vodanovic Publislhed by: School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb and Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Copyright© 2013 by Mario Slaus www.marioslaus.com ISBN 978-953-7781-01-9

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval syst em, or

transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, reco rd ing or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Mario Slaus, e-mail: [email protected] -com.hr, web: www.marioslaus.com

A catalogue record for this title is available from the National and University Library in Zagreb, Croatia.

The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this book.

Publication of this book is supported by International Association for Paleodontology. For more information please visit www.paleodontoloqy.com

Manualia Universitatis studiorum Zagrabiensis

TABLE OF CONTENTS Archaeological research and excavation .................. ............................................................................... 9 Anthropological analysis and osteological collection..................................................... ....................... 19 Taphonomy and preservation ........... .................................................................................................... 29 Associated materials recovered during the cleaning of the skeletons ................................................. 39 Dental disease .... ................................................................................................................................... 53 Subadult stress ... ...................................................... ............................................................................. 63 Infectious diseases ................................................................................................................................ 73 Indicators of physical stress and habitual activities ................................ ....................... ....................... 85 Osteoarthritis .................................... .................................................................................................... 97 Antem ortem trauma ....................................................................... ........ ............................................ 105 Perimortem trauma ........................... ....................... ........................................................................... 121 Miscellaneous ..... ................................................................................................................................. 143 Bibliography....................................... ....................... ........................................................................... 153 Index ................... ...................................................... ........................................................................... 159

Foreword

This atlas evolved from a much simpler project. One of my students, a lovely young lady, was helping me design a personal web page and to illustrate how these t hings look she showed me her own personal we b page. This was a very nice looking page that not only had all ofthe data re:levant to her ongoing education, but also a number of interesting personal details: her hobbies, books she had read and, because the young lady in question is an avid amateur photographer, a large gallery of pictures she had taken as well as those depicting her at various functions . I liked this personal touch but, as luck would have it I am, by no stretch of the imagination, lovely. So, while I do posses a large number of p hotographs featuring me engaged in diverse activities in various parts of the world, my first thought was- nobody deserves to see these. However, I also posses a huge number of pictures depicting various aspects of the investigations we carry out at the Anthropological Centre of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, as well as numerous pictures of different pathologies we have identified in the remains of the past in habitant s of Croatia. Now, one of the few regrets I have as a scientist is that, all of us are extremely lim ited in the number of pictures we can use when illustrating specific features or arguments in our scientific publications. This is of course totally understandable as these pictures take up a lot of space and are costly to reproduce but, never the less still galling as, particularly in some sciences -such as bioarchaeology, photographs of morphological (or radiological or microscopic) changes in bone and dental tissue are crucial to our understanding of the ways in which d iseases evolved over time, and the ways in which they affected human health and quality of life. Additionally, through my own research and H1rough contact with colleagues and students from all over the world, I have noticed that some pathological entities manifest themselves subtly different in different parts of the world. For instance, here in Croatia cribra orbitalia is generally more severe in expression that what I have seen in the USA. Similarly venereal syphilis in the USA is frequently accompanied by a pathological change called "sabre-shin" tibia- caused by periostitis along the anterior and middle portion ofthe shaft resulting in anterior enlargement or "bowing" of the bone, while in Croatia, this change has (at least so far) been completely absent. For these reasons my first impulse was to create a gallery of these pictures and append them to my web page. Fortunately it was pointed out to me that a much better way to make these p ictures available to those who have an interest in such things is to publish t hem inanebook. Hence, this atlas. It is, as you w ill see, a modest and unassuming work that simply illustrates in more detail some of the investigations we have carried out and published in the past. Despite these limitations we have enjoyed making it, and also learned a little bit more about some of the pathological changes depicted in it. We hope that the same sentiments are felt by the readers of this book.

Mario Slaus

Chapter 1

Archaeological research and excavation

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Atlas of Bioarchaeology ｾｬ｡ｵｳＬ＠ Novak, Vyroubal, Bedic, Brkic, Vodanovic

Chapter 1 - lmage 1 - Aerialview of the Early Medieval cemetery in ｒ｡､ｾｩｮｯｶ｣＠ point approximately so% ofthe cemetery had been excavated (Juric,

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in Dalmatia. At this 2002; 2003).

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Atlas of Bioarchaeology ｾｬ｡ｵｳＬ＠ Novak, Vyroubal, Bedic, Brkic, Vodanovic

Chapter 1. - Image

2 - Ground

level view oft he Radasinovci cemetery.

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Atlas of Bioarchaeology ｾｬ｡ｵｳＬ＠ Novak, Vyroubal, Bedic, Brkic, Vodanovic

Chapter 1 - lmage 3- Grave architecture in the Radasinovci cemetery.

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Atlas of Bioarchaeology ｾｬ｡ｵｳＬ＠ Novak, Vyroubal, Bedic, Brkic, Vodanovic

Chapter 1 - lmage 4- Excavation of a grave from the

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cemetery.

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Atlas of Bioarchaeology ｾｬ｡ｵｳＬ＠ Novak, Vyroubal, Bedic, Brkic, Vodanovic

Chapten - lmage 5 - The Early Medieval St. Lawrence cemetery in ｾ ｩ｢･ｮｫ＠

1999; 2000).

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in Dalmatia (Km cevi