PaperAircrafts.com F-35A AA-1

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www.PaperAircrafts.com

PaperAircrafts.com F-35A AA-1

Build an easy paper jet model with your hands, a pair of scissors, two rulers and some glue! Check your handiwork skills ! Challenge a child to build it ! Assemble one as a gift for someone ! Collect the most famous jets in the world ! Once built, fly it ! Print page 8 and “opposite 8” on each side of sheet 1, print page 9 on sheet 2 and page 10 on sheet 3. Cut out the parts, fold along the lines shaping the pieces and stick with glue. The plane is balanced and should fly with minor aerodynamic adjustments. The whole process from assembly to flying is detailed in this document. The F-35A is the conventional take-off and landing version of the Joint Strike Fighter’s project. This project has created three variants of the same aircraft to meet several requirements. The other two variants are the F-35 C for carrier-based airplanes and the F-35B for short take-off and vertical-landing. Intended to replace several older models, while keeping development and operarional costs low but still being a fifth generation fighter. Several countries work in this project: USA, UK, Italy, Netherlands, Turkey, Canada, Australia, Denmark and Norway. Enjoy !

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Index How to build it………………...3 Note about printing parts ….7 Airplane Parts……………......8 Airplane Stand …………..….10 Assembling…………………..11 How to fly it…………..……....25

Copyright Notice All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical. Any unauthorized use, sharing, reproduction, or distribution of parts herein is strictly prohibited. The buyer of this ebook may print as many copies as he want for his personal use. Legal Notice While attempts have been made to verify the correctness and reliability of the information provided in this document, the author does not assume any responsibility for errors, omissions, or contradictory information contained in this publication. The reader of this book assumes all responsibility and liability for the use of the information and materials described in it, (such as glue or scissors).

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How to build it Tools: Two rulers to fold paper accurately

Transparent liquid contact glue

Scissors

Toothpick

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!

Note about Glue

Suitable glue should have these qualities: -Accurate application. So that you can easily apply a bead of glue over a narrow paper tab. -Transparent. The airplane will look better if too much glue is applied and it overflows tabs' boundaries. -It should dry fast enough. It should be strong enough to stick two pieces together after holding for two minutes. -It should dry slow enough. The glue must allow enough time to manoeuvre the pieces before setting. -And most importantly: The glue must not deform or wrinkle the paper. Before starting to assemble the airplane, check your glue: Spread some glue on a sheet of paper and wait a few minutes. If the paper gets wrinkled or wavy, then, that glue is not suitable for paper; the aircraft would be deformed and look ugly.

√

X

A suitable glue is “transparent liquid contact glue” usually used for repairing shoes. They can be found at the “Glues” section in big shopping centres or hardware stores. 4

www.PaperAircrafts.com Print pages 8 and 9 on normal A4 paper or regular letter paper. Using a paper with a basis weight of 20lb // 80gr/m2 will simplify the balancing process. Print full scale (100%) to avoid the distortion of parts and using option ”Auto-rotate and center pages”. Do not “fit to page” or “shrink to page”. Cut parts over the external lines. Fold over the lines with the help of rulers to obtain the shape of each part.

Note that you can fold the paper on the lines with the help of the rulers, (to the opposite side) and then, with your fingers, on the same line, to the correct side to obtain the shape of the final piece.

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www.PaperAircrafts.com Stick parts by applying glue to the overlapping surfaces.

Apply a small amount of glue. Otherwise, the airplane will look ugly and it will weigh too much.

√ X 6

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Note about printing Parts Use either letter or DIN A4 formats, preferably with a basis weight of 20lb // 80gr/m2 . There are three pages to be printed on two sheets of paper. Page “opposite 8” must be printed on the reverse side of page 8, in order that the plane is correctly decorated. Check option “Auto-rotate and center pages” but do not check “fit to page” or “shrink to page”. Print at 100% scale. You needn’t to print the rest of the document. View it on the screen and zoom in when needed.

Page 8

Page 9

Sheet 1

Page opposite 8

Sheet 2

If you want to build a static, non-flying model, you can print on high quality paper in high resolution. However if you want a flying model it is better to use normal paper. A weight of 20lb//80gr paper is perfect to fold and fly. The thicker the paper, the more difficult it is to fold and the heavier is the plane for flying. 7

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F-35 Stand

F-35 10

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Assembling 11

11

15

12

9

6

11

18 8 4

17

16 7

3 14 5

2

10

10

21

20

19

13

1 11

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www.PaperAircrafts.com About assembling This means: part number 9

This means: part 4 pasted here This means: line of glue

1

1.1

Front sides

2.1

5

Opposite sides

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

3.1

3.2

7

3.3

3.4

4.1

14

13

www.PaperAircrafts.com 4.2

7

5.2

4.3

5.1

5.3

6.1

5

14

13

6.2

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6

6.7

13

6.8

6.9

6.10

14

www.PaperAircrafts.com 6.11

6.12

7.1

16

7.2

7.3

7.4 16

7.5

8.1

8.2

1

2

8.3

8.4

8.5 1

8.6

8.7

8.8

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www.PaperAircrafts.com 8.9

8.10

8.11

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

9.5

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.6

11.1

2

10.5

9

6

16

www.PaperAircrafts.com 11.2

11.3

11.4 6

11.5

11.6

12.1 12

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

13.1 12

3

4

13.2

13.3

13.4 3

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www.PaperAircrafts.com 13.5

13.6

13.8

14.1

13.7

14.2

4

14.4

14.3

15.1

15.2

14.5

15.3

8

15.5

15.4

15.6

8

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www.PaperAircrafts.com 16.1

16.2

20

16.3

19

16.4

16.6

16.5

2

1

19

16.7

16.8

16.9

20

17.1

11

17.4

11

17.2

17.3

17.5

17.6

11

11

10

10

19

www.PaperAircrafts.com 17.7

17.8

17.9

10

11

17.10

17.11

18.1

21

11

10

18.2

18.3

18.4

18.5

19.1

19.2

21

15

19.3

19.4

19.5

20

www.PaperAircrafts.com 19.6

19.9

19.7

19.8

20.1

20.2

17

20.3

20.4

15

18

20.5

17

20.6

20.7

18

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www.PaperAircrafts.com 1

F-35 Stand

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

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How to fly it Rudder

Elevator Aileron/Flap

Leading Edge Flap

1

Aerodynamic cleanness

√

X

If the surfaces are bent, force the paper with your fingers trying to straighten them. The airplane may have defects, but they must be symmetrical. 25

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2

Aircraft balanced

Rest the airplane on two fingers so that the lower wing circles are positioned directly above them. If it stays level and does not fall…it is balanced.

√

Ready to fly

If it falls forward, the nose is too heavy. Put a load on the tail.

If it falls backward, it needs more weight in the nose. Did you paste parts 10, 11 and 21? Add some pieces of paper if needed.

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3 Throwing It is easier to throw the airplane while holding it in the line of sight and projecting it along its longitudinal axis. 2.

1.

√ X 1.

2.

2.

1.

Once you have mastered throwing it at eye level, try to launch it over head for a longer flight.

X 3.

3.

√ 27

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4

Correcting the flight path: Pitch

If the aircraft pitches down towards the ground, bend the elevator gently upwards. Repeat the flight. If it still goes down, bend the elevator upwards a little more until the aircraft glides straight.

If the gliding path oscillates as shown above… the elevator may be deflected too far upwards. Reduce the amount of upward deflection.

In this case the nose still needs a little more weight. Add some pieces of paper to the nose. 28

www.PaperAircrafts.com If you manage to stabilize the glide path but the flight path is too far downwards… the nose may be too heavy. Try to remove part of piece 11 or add weight to the tail and reduce the elevator’s upward deflection.

+ 5 Correcting the flight path: direction

√

In order to correct the turn, gently adjust the angle of the ailerons asymmetrically es shown in the images. The deflections in the pictures are exaggerated; you will obtain the opposite effect. 29

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In case of slight corrections in direction, you can use the rudders. Adjust them very gently.

Correct left turns by deflecting the rudders right

Correct right turns by deflecting the rudders left.

Slipped flight has poor a glide ratio. The airplane somehow flies sideways and banks a little. The tails and wings might not be correctly adjusted. Flight path

Flight path

Left slip: tails steering right, wings steering left.

Right slip: Tails steering left, wings steering right.

Correct left slip by moving the rudders to the left and ailerons steering right.

Correct right slip by moving the rudders to the right and ailerons steering left. 30

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7 Advanced Flight Once you have calibrated the glide path in pitch and direction, you can try different airplane performances.

“Cruise”:

Lower the leading edge flaps a little.

The airplane will pitch downwards. To reverse this, raise the elevators a little.

The airplane will fly more smoothly

“Approach”: Lower the flaps and the LE flaps a little more.

Compensate the downward pitch, by raising the elevators if needed.

The airplane will fly slower.

“Landing”:

Lower the flaps significantly.

Compensate the downward pitch by raising the elevators.

The airplane will fly more slowly with a shorter glide path. 31