Table of contents : BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD. End User License Agreement (for non-institutional, personal use) Usage Rules: Disclaimer: Limitation of Liability: General: FOREWORD PREFACE CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Introduction to Python Abstract INTRODUCTION Web Development Game Development Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Desktop GUI SETTING UP PYTHON ENVIRONMENT Steps Involved In Installing Python On Windows Include The Following: Steps involved in installing Python on Macintosh include the following Setting Up Path Setting Up Path In The Unix/linux WHY PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE? ECOSYSTEM FOR PYTHON MACHINE LEARNING ESSENTIAL TOOLS AND LIBRARIES Jupyter Notebook Pip Install Jupiter NumPy Pandas Scikit-learn SciPy Matplotlib Mglearn PYTHON CODES CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Introduction To Machine Learning Abstract INTRODUCTION DESIGN A LEARNING SYSTEM Selection Of Training Set Selection Of Target Function Selection Of A Function Approximation Algorithm PERSPECTIVE AND ISSUES IN MACHINE LEARNING Issues In Machine Learning Quality of Data Improve the Quality of Training Overfitting the Training Data Machine Learning Involves A Complex Process Insufficient training data Feasibility of Learning An Unknown Target Function Collection of Data Pre-processing of Data Dealing with Null Values Standardization Dealing with Categorical Variables Feature Scaling Splitting the Data Finding The Model That Will Be Best For The Data Training and Testing Of The Developed Model Evaluation In Sample Error and Out of Sample Error Applications of Machine Learning Virtual Personal Assistants Traffic Prediction Online Transportation Networks Video Surveillance System Social Media Services People you May Know Face Recognition Similar Pins Sentiment Analysis Email Spam and Malware Filtering Online Customer Support Result Refinement of a Search Engine Product Recommendations Online Fraud Detection Online Gaming Financial Services Healthcare Oil and Gas Self-driving Cars Automatic Text Translation Dynamic Pricing Classification of News Information Retrieval Robot Control CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Linear Regression and Logistic Regression Abstract INTRODUCTION LINEAR REGRESSION Linear Regression In One Variable Linear Regression In Multiple Variables Overfitting and Regularization In Linear Regression GRADIENT DESCENT POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION Features of Polynomial Regression LOGISTIC REGRESSION Overfitting and Regularisation in Logistic Regression BINARY CLASSIFICATION AND MULTI-CLASS CLASSIFICATION Binary Classification Tests Classification Accuracy Error Rate Sensitivity Specificity PYTHON CODES CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Support Vector Machine Abstract: INTRODUCTION SUPPORT VECTOR CLASSIFICATION The Maximal Margin Classifier Soft Margin Optimization Linear Programming Support Vector Machines SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION Kernel Ridge Regression Gaussian Processes APPLICATIONS OF SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE Text Categorisation Image Recognition Bioinformatics PYTHON CODE CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Decision Trees Abstract: INTRODUCTION REGRESSION TREES STOPPING CRITERION AND PRUNING LOSS FUNCTIONS IN DECISION TREE CATEGORICAL ATTRIBUTES, MULTIWAY SPLITS AND MISSING VALUES IN DECISION TREES ISSUES IN DECISION TREE LEARNING Preventing Overfitting of Data Incorporating Continuous Valued Attributes Other Measures for Attributes Selection Handling Missing Values Handling of Attributes with Differing Costs INSTABILITY IN DECISION TREES PYTHON CODE CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Neural Network Abstract : INTRODUCTION EARLY MODELS PERCEPTRON LEARNING BACKPROPAGATION AN ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: FACE RECOGNITION STOCHASTIC GRADIENT DESCENT ADVANCED TOPICS IN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Alternative Error Functions Alternative Error Minimization Mechanism Recurrent Networks Dynamically Modifying Network Structures PYTHON CODES CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Supervised Learning Abstract: INTRODUCTION USING STATISTICAL DECISION THEORY Gaussian or Normal Distribution Conditionally Independent Binary Components LEARNING BELIEF NETWORKS NEAREST-NEIGHBOUR METHODS CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Unsupervised Learning Abstract: INTRODUCTION CLUSTERING K-means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering Principal Component Analysis (PCA) PYTHON CODE CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Theory of Generalisation Abstract INTRODUCTION BOUNDING THE TESTING ERROR VAPNIK CHERVONENKIS INEQUALITY PROOF OF VC INEQUALITY CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES Bias and Fairness in Ml Abstract INTRODUCTION HOW TO DETECT BIAS? HOW TO FIX BIASES OR ACHIEVE FAIRNESS IN ML? CONFIDENCE INTERVALS HYPOTHESIS TESTING COMPARING LEARNING ALGORITHMS CONCLUSION Exercises REFERENCES APPENDIX CONCLUSION