Школа работы на IBM PC [часть 2]

Citation preview

ɍȾɄ 681. 3 ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜ Ɇ. ȿ. , Ɍɪɭɲɢɧ Ɉ. ȼ. ɒɤɨɥɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ IBM PC. ɑɚɫɬɶ 2. ɍɮɚ, 1996.

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ɈȽɅȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ .

Ƚɥɚɜɚ 1. Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ Ɍɭɪɛɨ-ɉɚɫɤɚɥɶ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.

1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. ........................ 5 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7. 1. / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7. 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7. 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7. 4. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 27 7. 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 7. 6. . . . . . . . . . . 35 7. 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 40 10. 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 40 10. 2. . . . . . .. . . 44 10. 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 45 10. 4. . . . . 48 10. 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 49 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 50 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 55 12. 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 12. 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 14. CRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 14. 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 14. 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 68 14. 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 14. 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 14. 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 15. Graph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 79 15. 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 15. 2. . . . . . . . . 80 15. 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 15. 3. 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 15. 3. 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 15. 3. 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 15. 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 .

1. 15. 5. 1. 15. 5. 1.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 . . . . . .. . . 104

1. 15. 5. 2. 1. 15. 5. 3. 1. 15. 5. 4.

. . . . . .. . . 107 . . . . . . . 108 . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Ƚɥɚɜɚ 2. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ Ɍɭɪɛɨ-ɉɚɫɤɚɥɶ. . . . . . . . .. 111 2. 1. 2. 1. 1. 2. 1. 2. 2. 1. 3. 2. 1. 4. 2. 1. 5. 2. 1. 6. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3. 2. 3. 2. 4. 2. 5. 2. 5. 1. 2. 5. 2. 2. 5. 3. 2. 5. 4.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 . . . . 119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 . . 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 . . . . . . . . 140 . . 147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 . . . . . . . . . 152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Ƚɥɚɜɚ 1. Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ Ɍɭɪɛɨ-ɉɚɫɤɚɥɶ 1. 1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ

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Save F2 Save as... Save all ............ Exit ALT+X - ɜɵɯɨɞ ɢɡ ɫɪɟɞɵ Ɍɭɪɛɨ-ɉɚɫɤɚɥɶ;

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ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɢɦɟɧ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ -

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ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɨɧ ; ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɨɧ ; ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɨɤɧɚ ; ɨɛɧɨɜɢɬɶ ( ) ; ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɨɤɧɚ Shift+ ; ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ; ɪɚɫɩɚɯɧɭɬɶ ɨɤɧɨ ɜɨ ɜɟɫɶ ɷɤɪɚɧ, F5 ; ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɦɟɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ; ɫɦɟɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ; ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ; ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɨɤɨɧ. Enter. Size, Move Enter. , .

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Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɥɨɤɚ 5. 0 : Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+K Ctrl+Y Ctrl+Q Ctrl+Q

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Save -

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1. 3. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɹɡɵɤɚ Ɍɭɪɛɨ-ɉɚɫɤɚɥɶ Ⱥɥɮɚɜɢɬ ɹɡɵɤɚ ( ) : a z A Z, : 0 9, : _ + - * / = , . : ; < > ( ) [ ] { } ^ @ $ #, “_” #0 #31. ( ) , : absolute, and, array, begin, case, const, constructor, destructor, div, do, downto, else, end, external, file, for, forward, function, goto, if, implementation, in, inline, interface, interrupt, label, mod, nil, not, object, of, or, packed, procedure, program, record, repeat, set, shl, shr, string, then, to, type, unit, until, uses, var, vertual, while, with, xor . : ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ , ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ , ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ , ; ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ .

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Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɧ , , , , ɱɢɧɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɤɚ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɧɢɹ " _ " .

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: Alfa, C, X_max, Y_min, Sin, Cos, _10_A. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ:

:= = ; :

-

,

,

( x:= 0. 1; c:= Cos(x); d:= c; ), ( Const n= 1; m= 200; ), ( Type M = array [N. . M] of integer; ), ( b:= 5; goto M1; begin end; ), ( Var b, c, d: real; i, j, k: integer; ),

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, ,

[] {} ' # $ @ ^

( M1: c:=sin(x); ), ( Uses CRT, DOS; ), ( a: array [1. . 100] of real; ), ( y:= b/(c+d) ; ), ( y:=Sin(x); ), ( a[1]:=22; ), } ), ( :='!';S:='C '; ), ASCII ( c:=#33; ), ( i:=$FF; ), ( yx:=@x; ) "x" }, ( Var yx: ^real; ), ( yx^ := 0. 1; ),

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VAR a1, a2: A; {

:

1000

"A" } TYPE,

:

VAR a1, a2 : array [ 1 . . 1000 ] of real ;

. ȼɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ

:

. (

VAR

)

Single Real Double Extended Comp

7..8 10 (-45..+38) 11..12 10 (-39..+38) 15..16 10 (-324..+308) 19..20 10 (-4951..+4932) 19..20 -263 +1..+263 -1

4 6 8 10 8

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:

c, d, e: real; d1, d2: double;

: ɫ:= -125. 6; e:= 10; d:= 1. e02; { } d:= 100.; d1:= 1.2e-257; { 1.2*10-257} Comp .

Single, Double, Extended . Options, Compiler Numeric processing: [X] 8087/80287, [X] Emulation, {$N+}. ɉɨɪɹɞɤɨɜɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ

, -

.

ɐɟɥɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ( Byte Shortint Word Integer Longint

: i, j, k: byte; h, m, n: integer; l1, l2, l3: longint;

) 1 1 2 2 4

VAR 0..255 -121..+127 0..65535 -32761..+32767 -2147483641.. +2147483647

: i:= 222; j:= 10; m:= -23000; l1:= 280000; h:= $A7; ( 10*16+7)

Ʌɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɬɢɩ : False ( :

b1:= True;

10

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True (

).

VAR

b1, b2, b3, b4: boolean; : b2:= False; b3:= not b1; { } b3:= False; b4:= b1;

ɋɢɦɜɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ #0

#255,

. . #0

. #31 (

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: VAR

, ch, e: char; :

,

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{

c:= '!'; c:= #33; ch:= #13; {

Enter } Write(ɫ);

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e:= #27;

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{ {

Write(ch); Write(ɟ);

{

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ɋɬɪɨɤɨɜɵɣ ɬɢɩ :

VAR

{

, s1: string;

s: string[25]; { s s1 , :

s:= 'ɉɪɢɜɟɬ';

. 1

25

} 255 }

s1:= 'Hello';

Ɇɚɫɫɢɜ Ɇɚɫɫɢɜ - ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ, ). ,

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65520

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-

: VAR

M1: array[1..200] of integer; ch1: array['A'..'Z'] of char; {

A1: array[100..200] of real; ch2: array[0..255] of char;

1, A1 -

} }

{ h1, ch2 : M1[1]:=5; A1[101]:=0.2;

M1[2]:=8; A1[102]:=2.31;

M1[3]:= M1[1]; ch1['B']:='C';

M1[100]:=32; ch2[1]:='!'

Ɍɢɩ-ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɢɦɵɣ ɬɢɩ . TYPE Date_M= 1..31; Rush_b= ' .. '; Lat_b= 'A..Z'; { Otmetka= (2,3,4,5); Ball= (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); { VAR

t1,t2:Date_M;

: } }

c1:Ruch_b; s1:Lat_b; a1,a2:Otmetka; b:Ball; : t1:= 10; c1:= 'Ʌ'; s1:= 'F'; a1:=5; b:= 8;

11

Ɏɚɣɥɵ Ɏɚɣɥ - ɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ

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VAR

f1,

f2: text;

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: Assign( f1, 'file1. in' ); Assign( f2, 'C:\ PASCAL\ WORK\ file2. out' ); Assign file1. in

. .

file2. out

DOS. Ɂɚɩɢɫɢ ,

,

,

Record ɢ End.

-

: Type

Var

Sity = Record Name_G: String[20]; Numb_G: LongInt; Stol_G: Boolean; Shir, Dol: Real { End; St1, St2, St3: Sity; { :

St1. Name_G:= 'ɍɮɚ'; St1. Numb_G:=1200000; { St2. Name_G:= 'Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ'; St2. Numb_G:=8200000; St3:= St1; WITH

"

"

DO

{

} {

{ :

} ( ,

,

)} } }

St1 } {

St3 } :

"

";

: With St1 do Begin Name_G:= 'ɍɮɚ'; Stol_g:= True; Readln(Shir, Dol); z:= Numb_G - St2. Numb_G; Writeln(Name_G:5, Numb_G:10) end; ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 1 1)

f1. pas, f2. pas, File_1. pas. , f1. pas f2. pas. . File_1. pas f1. pas

f1. pas.

f1. pas

12

. f2. pas

File_1. pas. f2. pas.

1. 5. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ -

:

{

Program NAME;

{$N+}

{ NAME -

{ Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ } {

CRT, DOS, GRAPH }

{

Label L1, L2, L3; Const C=10; B=0. 15; Y=True; F='Ɏɚɦɢɥɢɹ';

} {

Uses CRT, DOS, GRAPH;

L1, L2, L3 }

{

, { { Y-

Type M= array[1. . 100] of integer;

} }

} , , F-

{

} } }

Var { } m1, m2: M; { m1, m2 ( )} a1: array [ 1. . 100 ] of real; { 1} ch: array [ 1. . 200 ] of char; { ch } ch1, ch2: char; { ch1, ch2 } s: string[79]; {s79 } a, d, x: real; { a, d, x } yes, no: boolean; { yes, no } f1, f2: text; { } { ---------------------------------------------------------------- } Procedure NAME_1(Parm1:Real; Var Parm2:Real); { } { NME_1 , Parm1, Parm2 } { Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ } BEGIN { Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ } END; { ---------------------------------------------------------------- } Function FUN_1(Parm3, Parm4: Real): Real; { } { FUN_1 , Parm3, Parm4 } { Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ } BEGIN { Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ } END; { ---------------------------------------------------------------- } { $I File_1. pas } { File_1. pas } { ---------------------------------------------------------------- } BEGIN { } { Ɋɚɡɞɟɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ } END. { }

1. 6. Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

13

ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɤɢ ɢ ɫɥɭɠɟɛɧɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɞɥɹ

ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ:

ɅɈȽɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɈɉȿɊȺɐɂɂ not

1

not A " "

and

2

A and B " "

or

3

A or B

or

3

A

"

"

"

"

or B

ɆȺɌȿɆȺɌɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɈɉȿɊȺɐɂ X * Y X / Y

2 2

/

2 2

div mod

N div M N mod M

3 3

+ -

X + Y X - Y

*

4 4 4 4 4

=

> < >=

X X X X X

= Y Y > Y < Y >= Y

4

S2; { ɢ ɬ. ɞ. } Write('s1:=', s1, ' _ _ s2:=', s2); Writeln(' _ _ Zb:= s1 > s2;', ' _ _ zb=', zb); Writeln; readln; {

{ Enter }

Writeln('Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ:'); Z:= sin(x*Pi/180); Write('x:=', x:4:2); Writeln(' _ _ Z:= sin(x*Pi/180);', ' _ _ z=', z:10:7); Writeln; readln; { Writeln('Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ:'); Write('x1:=', x1); Inc(x1); Writeln(' _ _ Inc(x1);', ' _ _ x1=', x1); Writeln; readln; Writeln('Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɨɜ:'); } Write('x0:=', x0); Writeln(' _ _ c3:=Chr(x0);', ' _ _ c3=', c3); readln end.

}

{

{

. . }

} Enter }

{ {

. . } } Enter }

{

{

c3:= Chr(x0);

{

. .

Enter }

,

-

. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 2 1) . 2)

.

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɜɜɨɞɚ Readln(" ");

ɞɚɧɧɵɯ

ɫ

ɤɥɚɜɢɚɬɭɪɵ

Read("

");

" "-

. -

. , : Write('ɜɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚ='); Readln(a); : ɜɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚ= . Readln(a); . " ", , Enter. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ, , a, b, c : Readln(a); Readln(b); Readln(c); ɢɥɢ Readln(a, b, c); ɉɪɢ ɜɜɨɞɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, , Readln(a, b, c); SpaceBar Enter, - Enter.

ɉɪɢ ɜɜɨɞɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ

y=xn.

-

n*ln(x)

”n”,

.

{

}

'; '); x Readln(x); Readln(n);

>0'); n='); y=', y:-10:6);

n');

writeln(' Enter}

Enter'); Ba

b

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 3 1. S = √(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c)), a, b, c 2. , Ha= 2*S/a , Ma= √(2*b2 + 2*c2 - a2)/2 -

-

-

: y=e

Program N_2; Const S=' Var n, x, y: real; BEGIN Writeln(' Writeln(' Writeln(S, ' Write(S, ' y:=exp(n*ln(x)); Writeln(' readln; { END.

-

: "ɍ", "Ɋ", "Ⱥ", "!" : ɍɊȺ!

“x” . .

-

19 -

Enter Enter (#13), Enter SpaceBar (#32).

, : Readln(ɫ1, ɫ2, ɫ3, c4); ɫ1, ɫ2, ɫ3, c4, . . , Enter. Writeln(ɫ1, ɫ2, ɫ3, c4); Readln; Enter, . . . Readln, Read (#13), .

-

Ma

Ha

c

: p=(a+b+c)/2 (

.

a

).

: "a", ,

Hb, Hc; Mb, Mc;

Ba= 2* √(b*c*p*(p-a) )/(b+c) a, b, c . 3.

,

Bb, Bc;

(

). S -

, R2= a*b*c/(4*S), S. a, b, c ( 4. "S" N : S= (A1 + AN)*N/2. A1, AN, N 5. "S" N BN : S= (B1 - BN*Q)/(1-Q). BN =B1 *QN. B1, Q ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: .

, p-

-

R1= S/p , p-

-

). A1, A2, . . . ,

AN

B1, B2, . . . , . .

20

1. 7. 2. ( "

".

:

Case " " Else "

" "" ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ "ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ", . ,

" Of " " End;

. " ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɫ ɦɟɬɤɨɣ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɣ Else. Else " "

:

"ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ"

Begin

"

N case N of 0..9: writeln(' 10..99: writeln(' 100..999: writeln(' else writeln('

),

"

0

end;

999:

'); '); ') "N"

')

end; -

1/20, PROGRAM FUTURE; var N: word; Begin writeln(' Randomize; N:=Random(20)+1; writeln; write('

-

"

".

'); {N_');

1

20 }

case N of 1: writeln(' 2: writeln(' 3: writeln(' 4: writeln(' 5: writeln(' else writeln(' writeln(' END.

'); '); '); '); '); ') Enter');

6: 7: 8: 9: 10: end; readln;

writeln(' writeln(' writeln(' writeln(' writeln('

'); '); '); '); ')

,

Random(x)

-

. Randomize.

21

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 4 1.

10

1/15,

-

. 2.

10

,

1/30 ,

.

3. ),

: 1. . 2:

, 3. . 5:

( . .,

,

-

. 4. ( -50 -19. . -10:

+50 0 ,

), . .,

: -50. . -20: -

, .

1. 7. 3. ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ,

.

IF

" " "

"

"1" 2"

"

Then

"

1"

: Else

"

2";

; , ,

( True ), ( False ).

, "a" a>=0, : IF a >= 0 Then b:= Sqrt(a) Else begin WriteLn ( 'a=0');

-

:

Readln(x);

If x 2*S1 Then Goto Writeln(S);

:

M1

" " ("a"

end;

" "

-

"b")

. PROGRAM del; label M1, M2, M3; var b, a: longint; Begin M3:

Writeln(' '); readln(a, b); Writeln; if (a b then a:= a mod b else b:= b mod a; if (a= 0) or (b= 0) then Writeln(' =',a+b) else goto M2; Writeln(' Enter'); readln; end. 36

1. 8. Ȼɥɨɤ - ɫɯɟɦɵ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ

-

. .

,

-

.

-

,

,

. N ∈ i1, i2, ..., ik Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ:

ɧɟɬ

ɞɚ

N: ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɫ ɦɟɬɤɨɣ N

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ:

ɞɚ

ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ 1

ɧɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ 2

ɞɚ i:= N1

i > N2

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ: (ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ)

ɧɟɬ i:=i+1

ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ

37 Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ: ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ

ɞɚ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɧɟɬ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ:

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ

ɧɟɬ

ɞɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ :

,

,

,

. -

S1

S2

N

-100

100.

Begin

N

Randomize; S1:=0; S2:=0;

i:=1;

ɞɚ

i>N

S1, S2

End.

ɧɟɬ i:= i + 1;

x:= Random(201) - 100; ɞɚ S2:= S2 + x;

ɧɟɬ x a[k]} M[j]:= i end;

41 ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 18 1.

"

"

10

"

"

.

-

, Random. 2.

. ,

.

,

-

: ,

. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ N 1. 19 1. =< x