Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development (Medical Intelligence Unit) [1 ed.] 0306478722, 9780306478727

Hematopoietic Stem Cells brings together articles covering the biology of hematopoietic stem cells during embryonic deve

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Table of contents :
0306478722......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Table of Contents......Page 4
PREFACE......Page 10
Introduction......Page 12
Hematopoietic Organs in Xenopus......Page 13
Origins of Hematopoietic Cells in Xenopus......Page 14
Development of Hematopoietic Cells in Association with Endothelial Cells in Xenopus......Page 18
Embryonic Signals Involved in Hematopoietic Development in Xenopus......Page 20
References......Page 22
Zebrafish Hematopoiesis......Page 25
Zebrafish Genetics and Hematopoietic Mutants......Page 27
Mesoderm Patterning Mutants......Page 28
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mutants......Page 29
Committed Progenitor Mutants......Page 32
Differentiation and Proliferation Mutants......Page 33
Hypochromic Blood Mutants......Page 34
Photosensitive Mutants......Page 35
Future Directions......Page 36
References......Page 37
The Discovery of an Intraembryonic Hematopoietic Site......Page 43
Gastrulation and Patterning of the Mesoderm......Page 44
Role of the Endoderm......Page 48
Hemangioblast and the Hemogenic Endothelium......Page 49
Manipulating the Angiopoietid/Hemangiopoietic Commitment......Page 52
Conclusions......Page 53
References......Page 54
CHAPTER 4 Avian Lymphopoiesis and Transcriptional Control of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation......Page 57
Transcription Factors and Early Hematopoiesis......Page 58
Adoption of the Lymphoid Fate......Page 61
Molecular Control of T Lymphopoiesis......Page 62
Molecular Control of B Lymphopoiesis......Page 63
The lkaros Family of Transcription Factors......Page 64
Ikaros and Thymocyte Development......Page 65
Aiolos: Setting Brakes for B Cells......Page 66
lkaros and Aiolos Running the Lymphoid Chromatin Modifying Machinery......Page 67
The Ikaros Family in Avian Lymphohematopoiesis......Page 69
References......Page 70
Gastrulation and YolkSac Formation......Page 73
Blood Island Formation......Page 74
Hemangioblast......Page 75
Development of Unipotential Hematopoietic Progenitors......Page 76
Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 77
Summary: AModel of Yolk Sac Hematopoiesis......Page 78
References......Page 79
CHAPTER 6 Long-Term Reconstituting Hematopoietic Stem Cell Capacity in the Embryo......Page 83
Emergence of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Yolk Sac......Page 84
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Ontogeny in the Embryo Proper......Page 86
Summary......Page 87
References......Page 88
Background......Page 91
The Emergence of Definitive HSCs: Origin and Regulation......Page 92
Hemangioblast or Hemogenic Endothelial Cells?......Page 94
References......Page 98
Development of Vasculature......Page 103
Vasculogenesis......Page 104
Angiogenesis......Page 106
Eph-Epbrin......Page 108
Development of HCs......Page 109
Regulation of Hematopoiesis......Page 110
Hemangioblasts: Common Progenitors of HCs and ECs......Page 111
Interaction between HSCs and ECs......Page 113
References......Page 114
CHAPTER 9 Origin and Fate of Hematopoietic Precursors in the Early Mouse Embryo......Page 119
The Embryo Properas a Source of Multipotent Progenitors/HSC: The Discovery......Page 120
Establishment of Vascular Connections between the Extra and Intraembryonic Compartment......Page 121
Origin of Intra-Embryonic Precursors: Extra- and Intraembryonic Sites Generate Independent waves of Hematopoietic Precursors......Page 123
What's Left to Do for the YS?......Page 124
Spatial Organization of the AGMin Mammals......Page 125
In Vitro and in Vivo Characterization of Intraembryonic Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 127
An Alternative Model to the Hemogenic Endothelium......Page 129
Conclusion......Page 130
References......Page 131
Introduction......Page 135
Drosophila Hemocyte Types and Their Functions......Page 136
Hematopoietic Development......Page 137
GATA Factor Serpent Specifies Hemocytes......Page 139
Lineage Specification by Transcription Factors......Page 140
Control of Lamellocyte Specification......Page 141
The Toll Pathway......Page 142
TheJAK/STAT Pathway......Page 143
Hematopoiesis and Chromatin Remodelling......Page 144
A Drosophila PDGF/VEGF Receptor......Page 145
Hormonal Control of Hematopoiesis......Page 146
Drosophila as a Model System for Understanding Mammalian Hematopoiesis......Page 147
References......Page 148
CHAPTER 11 Intraembryonic Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells during Human Ontogeny: Expression Analysis......Page 153
Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns in the Human AGM......Page 154
Expression of Receptors and Ligands in the Human AGM......Page 155
Expression of Transcription Factors in the AGM......Page 156
Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules in the AGM......Page 157
Environmental Expression Patterns in the AGM......Page 158
Comparison of AGM and Fetal Liver Expression Patterns......Page 160
Summary......Page 162
References......Page 163
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): Generalities......Page 165
Donors of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Impact of the Degree of HLA Compatibility......Page 166
Sources of Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 167
HSC Selection and Doses......Page 168
Other Indications for HSCT......Page 169
Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency......Page 171
X-Linked SCID......Page 172
Fanconi Anemia......Page 173
Chronic Granulomatous Disease......Page 174
Hemoglobinopathies......Page 175
References......Page 176
Index......Page 185
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MEDICAL INTEllIGENCE UNIT

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development Isabelle Godin, Ph.D. Hemaropoiese et Cellules Souches INSERM U362 Institut Gustave Roussy Villejuif, France

Ana Cumano, M.D. Unite du Developpernent des Lymphocytes INSERMU668 Institut Pasteur Paris, France

LANDPS BIOSCIENCE I EUREKAlI.COM GEORGETOWN,

U.S.A.

TEXAS

KLUWER ACADEMIC I PLENUM PUBLISHERS

NEW YORK, NEW YORK U.S.A.

lIEMAroPOIETIC

STEM CELL DEVELOPMENT

Medical Intelligence Unit Landes Bioscience I Eurekah.com Kluwer Academic I Plenum Publishers Copyright ©2006 Eurekah.com and K1uwerAcademic 1 Plenum Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical , including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, wirhout permission in writing from rhe publisher, wirh the exception of any material supplied specifically for rhe purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system; for exclusive use by the Purchaser of the work . Printed in rhe U.S.A. K1uwerAcademic 1 Plenum Publishers, 233 Spring Street , New York, New York, U.S.A. 10013 http://www.wkap.nll Please address all inquirie s to rhe Publishers: Landes Bioscience 1 Eurekah .com, 810 Sourh Church Street , Georgetown , Texas, U.S.A. 78626 Phone : 512/863 7762 ; FAX: 512/8630081 http://www.eurekah .com http://www.landesbioscience.com

Hematopoietic Stem CeO Development, edited by Isabelle Godin and Ana Cumano, Landes 1 K1uwer dual imprint 1 Landes series: Medical Intelligence Unit ISBN: 0-306-47872-2 While rhe aurhors, editors and publisher believe rhat drug selection and dosage and rhe specifications and usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in rhis book, are in accord wirh current recommendations and practice at rhe time of publication, rhey make no warranty, expressed or implied , wirh respect to material described in rhis book. In view of the ongoing research, equipment development, changes in governmental regulations and the rapid accumulation of information relating to the biomedical sciences, the reader is urged to carefullyreviewand evaluate the information provided herein.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hematopoietic stern cell development 1 [edited by) Isabelle Godin, Ana Cumano, p. ; ern. -- (Medical intelligence unit) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-306-47872-2 1. Hematopoietic stern cells. 2. Hematopoiesis . 1. Godin, Isabelle. II. Cumano, Ana. III. Series: Medical intelligence unit (Unnumbered : 2003) [DNLM: 1. Hemaropoiesis-sphysiology . 2. Hematopoietic Stem Cells --physiology. 3. Hematopoiesis --genetics. WH 380 H48692 2006) QP92.H4533 2006 612.4 '1--dc22 2005033933

rr:================== CONTENTS =================il Preface 1. Ventral and Dorsal Contributions to Hematopoiesis in Xenopus

Aldo Ciau-Uitz; Maggie Walmsley and Roger Patient Hematopoietic Organs in Xenopus Origins of Hematopoietic Cells in Xenopus Development of Hematopoietic Cells in Association with Endothelial Cells in Xenopus Embryonic Signals Involved in Hematopoietic Development in Xenopus 2. Genetic Dissection of Hematopoiesis Using the Zebrafish

xi

1 2 3 7 9 14

RebeccaA. Wingert and Leonard I Zon Zebrafish Hematopoiesis Zebrafish Genetics and Hematopoietic Mutants Mesoderm Patterning Mutants Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mutants Committed Progenitor Mutants Differentiation and Proliferation Mutants Hypochromic Blood Mutants Photosensitive Mutants Future Directions

14 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25

3. Extra- and Intraembryonic HSC Commitment in the Avian Model ..... 32

Thierry ]affredo, Karine Bollerot, Krisztina Minko, Rodolpbe Gautier, Stephane Romero and cecile Drevon The HSC That Colonise the Hematopoietic Organs Have an Extrinsic Origin The Discoveryof an Intraembryonic Hematopoietic Site Gastrulation and Patterning of the Mesoderm Role of the Endod erm Hemangioblast and the Hemogen ic Endothelium Dual Origin of Aortic ECs Manipulating the AngiopoieticlHemangiopoietic Commitment The Allantois, a Later Source of HSC Colonizing the Bone Marrow 4. Avian Lymphopoiesis and Transcriptional Control of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation

32 32 33 37 38 41 41 42 46

[ussi Liippo and OlliLassila Hemangioblasts Transcription Factors and Early Hematopoiesis Adoption of the Lymphoid Fate Molecular Control ofT Lymphopoiesis Molecular Control ofB Lymphopoiesis The Ikaros Family of Transcription Factors Contribution ofIkaros to the Hematopoietic Compartments Ikaros and Hematopoietic Stem Cells

47 47 50 51 52 53 54 54

Ikaros and Thymocyte Development Ikaros: A Threshold for T Cell Function Aiolos: Setting Brakes for B Cells Ikaros and Aiolos Running the Lympho id Chromatin Modifying Machinery The Ikaros Family in Avian Lymphohematopoiesis 5. Yolk Sac Development in Mice

54 55 55 56 58 62

james Palis Gastrulation and Yolk Sac Formation Blood Island Formation Hemangioblast Primitive Erythropo iesis D evelopment of Unipotential Hematopoietic Progenitors Development of Multipotential Myeloid Progenitors Development of Hem atopoiet ic Stem Cells Summary: A Model of Yolk Sac Hematopoiesis

62 63 64 65 65 66 66 67

6. Long-Term Reconstituting Hematopoietic Stem Cell Capacity in the Embryo

72

Mervin C. Yoder General Principles of Hematopoiet ic Stem Cell Emergence during Ontogeny Emergence of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Yolk Sac Hematopoietic Stem Cell Ontogeny in the Embryo Proper 7. The Endothelium: The Cradle of Definitive Hematopoiesis?

73 73 75 80

Katrin Ottersbachand Elaine Dzierzae The Emergence of Definitive HSCs: Origin and Regulation H emangioblast or Hemogenic Endothelial Cells? 8. Endothelial and Hematopoietic Cells in the Intraembryonic Compartment

81 83 92

Fumio Arai and Tosbio Suda Development ofYasculature Development ofHCs Regulation of Hema topo iesis H emangioblasts: Common Progenitors ofHCs and ECs Interact ion between HSCs and ECs 9. Origin and Fate of Hematopoietic Precursors in the Early Mouse Embryo

92 98 99 100 102 108

julien Yuan Bertrand, Alexandra Manaia, jeanne Van Celst, Ana Camano and Isabelle Godin Extra- and Intraembryonic Contribution to Hematopoietic Development Intraembryonic Hematopoiesis: To the Precise Origin ofHSC

109 114

10. Hematopoietic Development in Drosophila: A Parallel with Vertebrates

Marie Meister and Shubha Govind Drosophila Hemocyte Types and Their Functions Hematopoietic Development Genetic Control of Hematopoiesis Hormonal Control of Hematopoiesis Drosophila as a Model System for Understanding Mammalian Hematopoiesis 11. Intraembryonic Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells during Human Ontogeny: Expression Analysis

124 125 126 128 135 136 142

Caroline Marshall Techniques Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns in the Human AGM Expression of Receptors and Ligands in the Human AGM Expression of Transcription Factors in the AGM Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules in the AGM Environmental Expression Patterns in the AGM Comparison ofAGM and Fetal Liver Expression Patterns 12. Gene and Cell Therapy Involving Hematopoietic Stem Cell

143 143 144 145 146 147 149 154

Isabelle Andre-Schmutz andMarina Cavazzana-Calvo Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCn: Generalities Gene Therapy Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease Fanconi Anemia Chronic Granulomatous Disease Hemoglobinopathies Conclusions and Perspectives in the Use of HSC for Regenerative Medicine Index

154 160 160 162 163 164 165 175

EDITORS ===================il セ]

Isabelle Godin Hematopofese et Cellules Souches

INSERM U362 Institut Gustave Roussy Vtllejuif, France Email: [email protected] Chapter 9

AnaCumano Unite du Developpement des Lymphocytes INSERMU668 Institut Pasteur Paris, France Email: [email protected] Chapter 9

セcontイッburs Isabelle Andre -Schmutz Laboratoire de Therapie Cellulaire et Genetique INSERM U 429 Hopiral Necker Enfants Malades Paris, France Email: [email protected]

Chapter 12 FumioArai Department of Cell Differentiation The Sakaguchi Laboratory of Developmental Biology School of Medicine Keio Universiry Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan Chapter 8

Julien Yuan Benrand Unite du Developpement des Lymphocytes INSERM U668 Institut Pasteur Paris, France

and Division of BiologicaI Sciences University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California, U .S.A.

Chapter 9 Karine Bolleror UMR7622 UPMC Paris VI Paris, France

Chapter 3 Marina Cavazzana-Calvo Laboratoire de Therapie Cellulaire er Generique INSERM U 429 Hopital Necker Enfants Malades Paris, France Email : [email protected]

Chapter 13

Aldo Ciau-Uitz Institute of Genetics University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre Nottingham, U.K Chapter 1 Cecile Drevon Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille Laborato ire de Biologie du Develop,pement Villeneuve d Ascq, France Chapter 3 Elaine Dzierzak Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Chapter 7 Rodolphe Gautier UPMC Paris VI Paris, France Chapter 3 Shubha Govind Department of Biology City College of New York and Graduate School Un iversity Center of the City University of New York New York, New York, U.SA Chapter 10 Thierry ]affredo UMR7622 UPMC Paris VI Paris, France Email: [email protected] Chapter 3

oHi Lassila Department of Medical Microbiology Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences University of Turku Turku, Finland Email: [email protected] Chapter 4 ]ussi Liippo Department of Medical Microbiology Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences University ofTurku Turku, Finland Email: [email protected] Chapter 4 Alexandra Manaia Unite INSERM U362 Institut Gustave Roussy Villejuif, France and European Learning Laboratory for Life Sciences EMBL Heidelberg, Germany Email: [email protected] Chapter 9 Caroline Marshall Molecular Immunology Unit Institute of Child Health London, U.K Email: [email protected] Chapter 11 Marie Meister UPR 9022 du CNRS IBMC Srrasbourg, France Chapter 10 Krisztina Minko Department of Human Morphology and Biology Semmelweis University Budapest, Hungary Chapter 3

Katrin Ottersbach Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Jeanne Van Celst Unite INSERM U362 Instirut Gustave Roussy Villejuif France

Chapter 9

Chapter 7 James Palis Department of Pediatrics Cancer Center Center of Human Genetics and Molecular Pediatric Disease University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistty Rochester, New York, U.S.A. Email: [email protected]

Chapter 5 Roger Patient The Weatherhall Institute of Molecular Medicine MRC Molecular Haernatology Unit University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Headington, Oxford, U.I