Greco-Roman Associations: Volume III Ptolemaic and Early Roman Egypt 9783110710397, 9783110707687

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John S. Kloppenborg Greco-Roman Associations III: Texts, Translations, and Commentary

Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft

Herausgegeben von Matthias Konradt, Judith Lieu, Laura Nasrallah, Jens Schröter und Gregory E. Sterling

Band 246

John S. Kloppenborg

Greco-Roman Associations: Texts, Translations, and Commentary III. Ptolemaic and Early Roman Egypt

ISBN 978-3-11-070768-7 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-071039-7 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-071044-1 ISSN 0171-6441 Library of Congress Control Number: 2020940478 Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; Detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com

Preface This volume, the two already published, and those that are to follow have their origins in a Greek reading seminar at the University of Toronto begun in the 1990s and after a short hiatus, recommenced in 2003. Many of the texts selected for translation were epigraphical and related to associations, guilds and clubs from Attica, Asia and Egypt. The focus on private associations – cultic, professional, immigrant, domestic, and neighborhood – was a function of the conviction that in order to understand the associative practices of the early Christ groups in Asia, Macedonia, and Attica, it was critical to understand the structures, activities, leadership, finances, and recruitment strategies of the many associations that had existed at least since the fourth century BCE and which continued to play an important part in social life well into the high Empire. Several monographs and larger studies have their origins in this seminar. Most notably, Bradley H. McLean’s An Introduction to Greek Epigraphy of the Hellenistic and Roman Periods from Alexander the Great down to the Reign of Constantine (323 BC – AD 337) (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press 2003) is the published and greatly-expanded form of the notes he developed as the seminar oriented itself to epigraphical conventions. This work of course built on A. Geoffrey Woodhead’s The Study of Greek Inscriptions (2nd ed.; Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981) and Sterling Dow’s Conventions in Editing (Greek, Roman and Byzantine Scholarly Aids, 2; Duke University, 1969). Several of the members of the group wrote doctoral dissertations which applied knowledge of Greek and Roman associations to the interpretation of early Christian texts. Richard S. Ascough studied Macedonian associations in his 1997 dissertation, now published as Paul’s Macedonian Associations: The Social Context of Philippians and 1 Thessalonians (WUNT 2/161; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003). Philip Harland’s 1999 dissertation focused on associations in Asia to help him reshape thinking about the social context presupposed by the Apocalypse of John and the letters of Ignatius. The revised dissertation was published as Associations, Synagogues and Congregations: Claiming a Place in Ancient Mediterranean Society (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2003), and Harland followed this in 2009 with Dynamics of Identity and Early Christianity: Associations and Cultural Minorities in the Roman Empire (London and New York: Continuum). Richard Last’s The Pauline Church and the Corinthian Ekkl ēsia: Greco-Roman Associations in Comparative Context (SNTSMS 164; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,

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2015) compared the Corinthian Christ group with the rich data that is available from the study of ancient associations. And finally, Kloppenborg’s Christ’s Associations: Connecting and Belonging in the Ancient City (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2019) mobilizes what is known about associative practices to think about the membership, practices, and civic relations of Christ groups. This project is organized regionally and describes a spiral beginning in Attica, moving northward to Macedonia and Thrace (vol. 1), then through the Bosphoros region and Asia (vol. 2), and Egypt (vol. 3). Further volumes will treat the Aegean Islands, Syria-Palestine, North Africa, Italy, Hispania, Gallia, Noricum, Germania, Pannonia, Dacia, Moesia, and Roman Britain. They are designed principally to provide a “thick” context for the study of the associative practices of the Christ groups in the cities of the Empire. Earlier studies of the development of the structure of Christ groups, even when they paid attention to Greek and Roman associations, tended to rely on a tiny handful of inscriptions or papyri in order to contextualize the practices of early Christ groups. This selection routinely included SIG 3 985 = TAM V 1539 (117) (Philadelphia, Lydia), IG II 2 1368 (51) (Athens), CIL 14.2112 (Lanuvium) and one or two other documents. There is no doubt that these inscriptions are illuminating when it comes to considering associative practices. The dangers of so narrow a database are obvious, however: one might well conclude that these few data typify and define the nomenclature, membership profiles, and activities of all associations and infer, as some researchers did, that the several differences between these three or four associations and Christ groups meant that the latter were sui generis and that little or nothing was to be learned from a study of Greco-Roman associations. Nothing could be further from the truth. As the selection of inscriptions, papyri, and ostraca included here will show, associations display a wide variety of naming practices, forms of internal governance, membership profiles, activities, and relationships with their host cities. When the range of associations and their practices are seen, it becomes clear that Christ groups could fit rather comfortably within the spectrum of ancient associations, as indeed patristic writers such as Tertullian recognized ( Apol. 39). Although a complete collection of association inscriptions and papyri is an important desideratum, it must be stated clearly from the outset that these volumes are not intended as a corpus inscriptionum orgeonum, thiasorum et collegiorum. Such a corpus would be unmanageably large, since for Attica alone IG II 2 includes over one hundred decreta collegiorum et sodaliciorum (no. 1249–1368), seventeen catalogi thiasotarum, eranistarum, orgeonum (nos. 2343–2361) and numerous dedications from various associations. Since the publication of Inscriptiones Graecae in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many more inscriptions have come to light. The publication of Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt, 1972–) has added hundreds of Asian inscriptions mentioning associations. Hundreds of Greek and Demotic papyri and inscriptions from Egypt relate to associations.

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The corpus of Latin inscriptions was already huge, as is clear from a simple perusal of Jean Pierre Waltzing’s Étude historique sur les corporations professionnelles chez les Romains depuis les origines jusqu’à la chute de l’Empire d’Occident (Louvain: Peeters, 1895–1900). The corpus of Italian inscriptions and those from the Western provinces has only become larger. Thus, a complete corpus of associations would probably include ten to twenty thousand inscriptions and papyri, and when furnished with notes, commentary, and indices would represent a multi-volume publication taking a decade or more to compile. Without aspiring to a comprehensive publication of inscriptions and papyri, the present project aims at a representative selection that illustrates the variety of association types, activities, leadership structures, membership profiles, recruitment strategies, and fiscal practices. A relatively small number of association nomoi or bylaws are extant and we have included all the Greek and Latin bylaws that are in a reasonably complete state of preservation, as well as one or two Demotic bylaws. For other types of documents, however, we have had to make a selection. Decrees voting honors to members or patrons are particularly plentiful in the epigraphical record, as are dedications of association members to the gods, and funerary inscriptions honoring deceased members and patrons. These tend to be highly formulaic and repetitive. To print all of them would scarcely enhance our knowledge of the general practices of associations. We have, therefore, offered a selection that illustrates the variety of practices, names and internal structures of associations, the distinctive formulae which appear in their inscriptions, and various singular features not attested in the other inscriptions. Other honorific inscriptions and dedications are listed in the notes and indices. Hundreds of membership lists are available, but little would be gained by publishing all of these. We have selected a few membership lists, principally to illustrate a range of membership profiles. Some associations were genderexclusive clubs, while others included citizens and metics, and yet others included freeborn and servile members. Élite patrons are present in some groups, but not in others. The reader will quickly note the uneven profile of the dossier on associations. While associations are found in Attica from the fifth and fourth centuries BCE onward, and in Egypt from the third century BCE , most of the evidence from Macedonia and Thrace (and Italy) comes from the imperial period or later. For reasons of preservation, almost no papyri are available from the Egyptian Delta, but many inscriptions have survived. For Middle and Upper Egypt both papyri and inscriptions are available. This also means that some of the data that have the potential to tell us the most about the internal workings of an association – account ledgers and lists of expenditures for monthly meals – are missing from the Delta. Moreover, almost all of the association bylaws from Egypt come from two archives, both from the Fayûm: the Demotic materials from mummy cartonnage and the Greek texts from the Kronion archive from the mid-first century CE.

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The bylaws, honorific decrees, membership lists, tomb inscriptions, and dedications included here each illustrate either something typical of associations in general or some feature that is noteworthy or unusual about the association in question. Inevitably, we will have omitted inscriptions that are of importance to the study of particular locales, deities, professions, or ethnic groups. This is the risk involved in any selection from a very large set of data. The editor wishes to acknowledge the collaboration of Bradley H. McLean in the early days of the seminar and the work of a number of graduate students and now researchers in their own right: Prof. William Arnal, Prof. Richard Ascough, Prof. Alicia Batten, Brigidda Bell, Dr. Callie Callon, Chey Cameron, Prof. Agnes Choi, Michelle Christian, Prof. Jenn Cianca, Dr. Christopher Cornthwaite, Prof. Richard Last, Dr. Rachel McRae, Mark Mueller, Ryan Olfert, Rebecca Runesson, Patrick Stange, Prof. Sarah Rollens, Prof. Ryan Schellenberg, Caleb Upton, and Dr. Erin Vearncombe. Peter Arzt-Grabner read through the entire manuscript, saving me from numerous errors and infelicities. Matthew Gibbs also reviewed the collection, offering a number of helpful suggestions. Christina Gousopoulos has contributed the lemma ‘Association?’, which evaluates whether the evidence warrants considering the groups featured in each of the entries as “certainly” or “probably” or “possibly” a formally constituted association or guild. The arrangement of the inscriptions and papyri in this volume is both chronological and regional. The data are divided into three large groupings, the Delta, Middle Egypt (the region around Memphis and the Fayûm), and Upper Egypt. Within each division the materials are presented chronologically. For the first time in the GRA series, we have included inventory numbers of the Copenhagen Associations Project, which has only recently become available (https://ancientassociations.ku.dk/assoc/index.php ). The CAP database includes most of the associations included in GRA III. In the future, we will also include references to the Ghent Database of Roman Guilds ( https://gdrg.ugent.be/). This project has been supported by generous funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. John S. Kloppenborg

Contents Bibliographical Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Sigla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Calendars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

DELTA 154. JIGRE 22: Dedication of a Prayer House (Schedia, 245–222 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 155. OGIS II 729: Dedication by the Elders of the Millers (Alexandria, 221–205 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 156. JIGRE 24: Dedication of the Gateway of a Prayer House (Xenephryris, 140–116 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 157. JIGRE 9: Dedication of a Prayer House (Alexandria, II BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 158. JIGRE 27: Dedication of a Prayer House (Athribis, II/I BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 159. P.Rain.Cent. 51: Petition of Linen Cleaners (Sestis, 99–50 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 160. I.Prose I 40: Decree honouring a Donor (Psenamosis, 67–63 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . 41 161. JIGRE 125: Renewal of a Grant of Asylum (Leontopolis, 47–30 BCE) . . . . . . . . . 49 162. JIGRE 13: Dedication of a Prayer House (Alexandria, 37 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 163. IGRR I 1095: Statue of a Founder and President of an Assembly (Kanopos, 29/28 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 164. SB I 639: Dedication of a statue of Herakles and Harpokrates (Alexandria, 25 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 165. IGRR I 1106: Synagōgos of a Sambathic Association (Naukratis, 30 BCE – 14 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 166. I.Alex.imp. 96: Dedication by a President of a Synodos (Alexandria, 30 BCE–14 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 167. I.Alex.imp. 90: Dedication of a Statue of a Chief Priest (Alexandria, 10/9 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

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168. BGU IV 1137: A Loan Payment by a Synodos of Caesar (Alexandria, 6 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 169. SB XX 15460: Honorary Decree of an Association of Imperial Slaves (Alexandria, 5 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 170. I.Prose I 49: Decree honouring a Priest and President (Psenemphaia, 5 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 171. I.Alex.imp. 74: Dedication by a former Priest of the Phrygians (Alexandria, 3 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 172. I.Alex.imp. 93: Dedication by a former President (Alexandria, early I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 173. I.Alex.imp. 94: Dedication of a Statue (Alexandria, early I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 174. I.Alex.imp. 91: Honorific Decree for a Benefactor (Alexandria, 4/5 CE) . . . . . . . 85 175. I.Alex.imp. 97: Dedication by an Association to a Chief Physician (Alexandria, 7 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 176. I.Alex.imp. 46: Dedication of a Statue of Sarapis (Alexandria, 20–21 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 177. IGRR I 1085: Dedication by Pankrates to a Synodos (Alexandria, 23–24 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 178. I.Alex.imp. 61: Dedication to a Synodos of Thermouthis (Alexandria, 25 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 179. IGRR I 1086: Fragment of a Decree? (Alexandria? 39/40 or 40/41 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 180. I.Alex.imp. 70: Dedication by the president of an Association of Women (Alexandria, early I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 181. I.Alex.imp. 65: Dedication by an Apollonian Association (Alexandria, 22 CE?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 182. I.Alex.imp. 92: Dedication by the President of an Association (Alexandria, I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 183. I.Alex.imp. 98: An Association of Philosophers (Alexandria, second half of II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 184. I.Alex.imp. 99: Dedication of Linen Weavers to a Patron? (Alexandria, after 212 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

MIDDLE EGYPT (Memphis and the Fayûm) 185. P.Mich.Zen. 57: Litigation by an Occupational Guild (Philadelphia, 248 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 186. JIGRE 117: Dedication of a Prayer House (Arsinoë-Krokodilopolis/Ptolemaïs Euergetis, 245–222 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

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187. P.Petr. III 136: Club Account (?) (Arsinoites, after 7 Nov 231 BCE or after 1 Nov 206 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 188. P.Lille.dem. 29: Bylaws of the association of the temple of Horus (Pisais, 17 Mar – 15 Apr 223 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 189. P.Enteux. 20: Complaint regarding a funeral benefit (Magdôla, 26 Feb 221 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 190. P.Enteux. 21: Complaint regarding a funeral benefit (Magdôla, 13 Jan 218 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 191. P.Cair. 30606: Bylaws of a Demotic Association of Soknebtynis (Tebtynis, 27 Aug – 25 Sept 158/57 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 192. P.Würzb. 4: Seizure of a Surety by a President (Philadelphia, after 142 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 193. SB III 7182: A Club Account (Philadelphia, II–I BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 194. P.Tebt. III/2 894: A Club Account (Tebtynis, ca. 114 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 195. P.Tebt. I 118: A Club Account (Tebtynis or Kerkeosiris, 112/111 BCE) . . . . . . . 184 196. P.Tebt. I 224 recto: A Club Account (Kerkeosiris? 19 Sept 109 – 18 Sept 108 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 197. SB III 6319: A Cultic Association (Magdôla, 99–30 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 198. I.Fayum III 201: Meeting Place for an Association of former Ephebes (Arsinoites, 95 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 199. P.Lond. VII 2193: Bylaws of an Association of Zeus Hypsistos (Philadelphia, 69–58 BCE?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 200. I.Fayum III 204: Dedication of a synodos to Isis Esenchebis (Soknopaiou Nesos, 25 Feb 68 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 201. I.Fayum III 205: Dedication of a Topos (Soknopaiou Nesos, 2 Jul 51 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 202. I.Fayum I 73: Dedication by Sheep and Donkey Rearers (Soknopaiou Nesos, 24 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 203. IGRR I 1114: Dedication of a Statue to a Patron (Memphis, 17 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 204. I.Fayum III 212: Dedication by a Guild of Bread and Cake Bakers (Arsinoites, 19 Feb 3 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 205. P.Ryl. II 94: Bail for Five Weavers (Euhemeria, 15–36 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 206. P.Mich. V 243: Bylaws of a Guild of Sheep and Donkey Rearers (Tebtynis, 14–37 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 207. SB VI 9112: A Guild of Donkey Drivers (Arsinoites, 27/28 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 208. P.Mich. V 313: Lease of Land by an Association of Public Farmers (Tebtynis, 5 Dec 37 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

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209. P.Mich. V 247: List of Guild Members (Tebtynis, early I CE?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 210. P.Mich. II 121.r.IV.Abstract 6: Abstract from a Grapheion (Tebtynis, 21 May 42 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 211. P.Mich. V 246: Contributions to a Synodos of Harpokrates (Tebtynis, 43–49 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 212. P.Mich. V 244: Bylaws of an Association of ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΜΟΙ (Tebtynis, 26 Aug 43 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 213. P.Mich. V 248: Membership List of a Guild (Tebtynis, I (45–47) CE) . . . . . . . . 253 214. P.Tebt. II 401: Account of a Beer Merchant (Tebtynis, after 14 CE) . . . . . . . . . . 255 215. P.Lips. II 131: Letter to Members of a Priestly synodos (Tebtynis, before 46 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 216. P.Mich. II 123–124: Grapheion Accounts (Tebtynis, 45–47 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 217. P.Mich. II 127: Kronion’s Personal Account (Tebtynis, 1 Sept 45 – 17 Jan 46 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 218. PSI VIII 901: Oath of Fishermen (Tebtynis, 17 Apr 46 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 219. P.Mich. V 245: Bylaws of the Salt Merchants (Tebtynis, 18 Aug 47 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 220. P.Mich. V 322b: Account of a Beer Merchant (Tebtynis, 13 May 51 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 221. SEG 41:1638: Building inscription for a deipnētērion (Tebtynis, 54–62 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 222. Stud.Pal. IV pp. 58–83, cols. vii–x: Taxes the Crafts (Arsinoë-Krokodilopolis/Ptolemaïs Euergetis, 73 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 223. BGU VII 1615: Membership List of a Weavers’ Guild (Philadelphia, 26 Apr – 25 May 84 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 224. P.Stras. V 341: Contract for the engagement of musicians (Soknopaiou Nesos, before 10 Aug 85 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 225. P.Grenf. II 43: Certificate of Payment by a Guild President (Soknopaiou Nesos, 9 Jun 92 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 226. I.Fayum III 171: Dedication of an Association to Anubis (Narmouthis, I–II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 227. I.Fayum II 121: Restoration of a Cultic Space (Theadelphia, 7 Apr 93 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 228. I.Fayum III 172: Dedication of an association to Apollo (Narmouthis, I–II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 229. I.Fayum II 122: Dedication of a deipnētērion (Theadelphia, 1 Apr 109 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 230. P.Phil. 1.1–35: Edict of Vibius on Exemption from Liturgies (Arsinoites, after 4 Aug 119 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

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231. SB XVI 12511: Invitation to a Banquet of Sarapis (Narmouthis, II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 232. P.Mich IX 543: Declaration by a Guild of Camel Keepers (Karanis, 135–136 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 233. BGU VII 1572: Petition of the Weavers’ Guild (Philadelphia, 17 Dec 139 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 234. BGU V 1210: Gnomon of the Idios Logos (extract) (Theadelphia, after 149 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 235. P.Hamb. I 34: A Guild of Sheep and Goat Rearers (Euhemeria, Jan-Feb 160 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 236. P.Tebt. II 287: Trial Summary involving Fullers and Dyers (Tebtynis, 161–169 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 237. P.Lund IV 11: Account of a Cult Association of the Dioskuroi (Bakchias?, 170, 203, 231, or 263 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 238. P.Mich. IX 575: Resignation of a Member (Karanis, 25 Jul 184 CE) . . . . . . . . . 344 239. P.Petaus 28: A Letter about Corpse Transport (Ptolemaïs Hormou, II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 240. P.Mich. VIII 511: Recruitment to the Cult of Sarapis (Karanis, early III CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 241. SB XVI 12497: Nomination for Liturgies (Theadelphia, 253 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 242. SB XXII 15787: Declaration of a koinon concerning Liturgies (Karanis, IV CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

UPPER EGYPT 243. I.Prose I 3: Synodos of Dionysiac Artists (Ptolemaïs Hermiou 269–246 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 244. I.Prose I 6: Honorary Decree and Membership List (Ptolemaïs Hermiou, ca. 246 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 245. SEG 60:1812: Dedication of a Dining Room (Syene, early III BCE) . . . . . . . . . . 372 246. I.Th.Sy. 303: Dedication by an Association of Basilistai (Setis Island, 143–142 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 247. SB III 6184: Membership of a Synodos of Thriphis (Ptolemaïs Hermiou, 138–137 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 248. P.Ryl. IV 586: Loan of Money from the Treasurer of a koinon (Oxyrhynchus, 99 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 249. P.Ryl. II 65: Court Ruling concerning the Theft of Corpses (Oxyrhynchus, 1 Mar 67 or 95 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

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250. BGU VIII 1741, 1742, 1743 + XIV 2368: The “Racing Horses” Naukleroi (Herakleopolites, 63/64 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 251. O.Edfou III 368: A Judaean Dining Club? (Apollonopolis Magna, I BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 252. I.Philae II 139: Dedication of a Statue to Isis (Philae, 7 Sept 13 BCE) . . . . . . . . 401 253. BGU XIV 2371: Fragment of Bylaws (Herakleopolis, I BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 254. P.Oslo III 143: Account of Expenditures of a Club of Pastophori (Oxyrhynchus, I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 255. I.Philae II 157: Proskynēma Inscription (Philae, 28 Sept – 27 Oct 8 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 256. SB I 996: Building Renovations by an Association of Carpenters (Ptolemaïs Hermiou, 25 Feb 45 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 257. P.Oxy. LXXVI 5097: Praefectorial decree about a Weavers’ Guild (Oxyrhynchus, 27 Feb 62 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 258. O. Bodl. II 1858: List of members in arrears(?) (Thebes, 66/67 CE) . . . . . . . . . . 415 259. P.Oxy. XLIV 3164: Petition concerning a Kline of Sarapis (Oxyrhynchus, 4 Sept 73 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 260. SB V 8805: Meeting Place of an Association of Stonemasons (Ptolemaïs Hermiou, 7 Jul 81 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 261. P.Köln X 414: Court record concerning funerary workers (Oxyrhynchus, I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 262. P.Oxy. XXXI 2592: Invitation to a Cultic Banquet (Oxyrhynchus, 75–199 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 263. P.Oxy VII 1029: Declaration of a Guild of Hieroglyphic Carvers (Oxyrhynchus, 27 Oct 107 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 264. SB XVI 12695: Summary of Capitation Taxes (Oxyrhynchus, after 29 Aug 143 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 265. PSI VII 822: Letter concerning a work stoppage (Antinoopolis? 130–199 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 266. P.Oxy. XXII 2340:Exemption from a Liturgy (Alexandria, but found in Oxyrhynchus, 13 Mar 192 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 267. P.Lond. III 1178: Diploma of Membership in an Athletic Association (Hermopolis, 194 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 268. P.Oxy. XLIV 3185: Supplies for Lead Workers (Oxyrhynchus, III CE) . . . . . . . 451 269. SB I 4549: Fines for Non-Contributors to an Association (Talmis, 226 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454 270. SB XVI 12702: List of members at three meetings (Oxyrhynchus, second half of III CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

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271. SB IV 7290: Meeting Place of an Association of Weavers (Abydos, 257 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 272. P.Oxy. XII 1414: Minutes of a Senate Meeting (Oxyrhynchus, 271–272 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458 273. P.Oslo. III 144: Contributions to an Association of Sacred Victors (Oxyrhynchus, 272–275 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 274. P.Oxy. XXVII 2476: A New Member of the Dionysiac Artists (Oxyrhynchus, 26 Jul 288 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 275. P.Laur. IV 155: A Guild of Coppersmiths (Oxyrhynchus, 288 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . 481 276. P.Oxy. IX 1205: Manumission by an Association (Oxyrhynchus, 14 Apr 291 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485 277. P.Ryl. IV 654: Minutes concerning a Dispute of Guilds (Oxyrhynchus, 302–309? CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 278. P.Oxy. LIV 3734: Price Declaration of a guild of Salt Merchants (Oxyrhynchus, 312 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 279. P.Oxy. LIV 3740: Price Declaration of Prices by a Guild of Tavern-Keepers (Oxyrhynchus, 312 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 280. SEG 41:1612–1615: Proskyn ēmata of a Guild of Ironsmiths (Hermonthis, 324 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 281. P.Oxy. XLV 3261: Documents from the Leonides Archive (Oxyrhynchus, 324 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 282. PSI III 202: Price Declarations by two Associations (Oxyrhynchus, ca. 338 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512 283. P.Leid.Inst. 62: Declaration about death of members of a guild (Oxyrhynchus, 370? 385? 400 CE?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515 284. PSI XII 1265: Bylaws of an Occupational Guild (Oxyrhynchus, 426 CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518 285. SB III 6704: Bylaws of a Guild of Fishermen (Aphrodito, 538 CE) . . . . . . . . . . 524

UNKNOWN LOCATION 286. SB XXIV 16296: Record of Loan Receipts from a Guild (182 or 158 BCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529 287. P.Ryl. IV 580: Assignment of a Burial Benefit (27 or 78 or 49 BCE) . . . . . . . . . 531 288. P.Ryl. IV 590: Resolution of a Judaean Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534 289. P.Bodl. I 65: List of members of several guilds (I CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 290. P.Athen. 41: Wine Payments for a Guild of Donkey Drivers (I CE) . . . . . . . . . . 543 291. SB XXIV 16224: Burial Club Account? (I/II CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546 292. P.FuadUniv. I 25: Account Book for a Symposium (II–III CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555 293. P.Genova I 24: Account of the Vestis militaris (IV CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556

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Indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 IA. Athenian Archons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 IB. II.

Civic Eponymous Officials Elsewhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kings, Emperors, Royal Family Members, and Governors . . . . . . .

563 563

III. IV.

Deities and Heroes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566 Ethnic Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572

V. VI.

Types of Associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574 Association Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584

VII. VIII.

Officers and Functionaries within Associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 Epigraphical and Papyrological Genres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612

IX. X.

Common Topoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618 General Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619

XI. XII.

Concordance of Inscriptions and Papyri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 Inscriptions and Papyri cited in the Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686

XIII. Literary References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728 Errata in GRA I, GRA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739

Bibliographical Note Bibliographical references occur in two forms: publication data are given in the lemma under “Published.” The most commonly cited corpora (e.g., I.Alex.imp., I.Fayum) are abbreviated and those abbreviations appear in the list of abbreviations (below). References in the notes and comment sections are in the authordate format. The full bibliographical data is given in the list of “Literature” at the end of each section.

Text editing sigla [ ] [ ] [·3·] [– –] ( ) ‹ων› {κ} v w κ

ψD αD + v, vv

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Sigla

τ[ω ñ ]ν lacuna (restored) [ ]ς lacuna (unrestored) lacuna where the number of missing letters is certain lacuna with uncertain number of missing letters (γι' νεται): resolution of an abbreviation κο' ρ