Frontiers in Spray Drying 1138364738, 9781138364738

Table of contents :
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Authors
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 What is Spray Drying?
1.2 Chronological Development of the Process and Its Milestones
1.3 Motivation and Layout of the Book
Chapter 2 Droplet Drying Fundamentals
2.1 The Formation of Individual Particles during Spray Drying
2.1.1 The Drying Kinetics of Droplets during Spray Drying
2.2 The Reaction Engineering Approach (REA) for Modeling Droplet Drying Behavior
2.2.1 Theoretical Framework
2.2.2 Application of the REA to Describe Droplet Drying Kinetics
2.3 Characteristic Drying Curve Models
2.3.1 Theoretical Framework
2.3.2 How to Obtain the Parameter N from Experiments
2.3.3 Compilation of Falling Rate Curves
2.4 Prediction of Surface Component Composition, Migration, and Packing
2.4.1 The Need for a Multiscale Model for Surface Composition Prediction
2.4.2 Key Ideas and Calculation Procedure
2.4.3 The Capabilities and Limitations of the Method
Chapter 3 Spray Dryer Designs Including Multistage
3.1 Co-Current versus Counter-Current
3.2 Multistage Drying Process and Fines Return
3.3 Atomization
3.3.1 Selection and Balance between Viscosity and Concentration
3.3.2 What Is the Initial Droplet Size Distribution?
Chapter 4 Mass and Energy Aspects of Spray Drying
4.1 Zero Dimension Modeling of Spray Dryers
4.1.1 Equilibrium Outlet Moisture-Based Model
4.1.2 SD2P® and the Slow Desorption Approach by INRA
4.1.3 Effective Rate Approach (ERA)
4.2 One-Dimensional Models
4.2.1 Co-Current Model
4.2.2 Counter-Current Model
4.3 Computational Fluid Dynamic Models of Spray Dryers
4.3.1 Components of a CFD Model of Spray Dryers
4.3.2 The Trouble with Transient Simulations
4.4 Bridging the Gap between Spray Dryer Modeling and Operation
4.5 Modeling Stickiness
4.5.1 Why Model Stickiness?
4.5.2 Different Models and Their Comparison
4.5.3 Measuring Stickiness Properties and Their Challenges
4.6 Modeling Agglomeration
4.6.1 Why Model Agglomeration?
4.6.2 Rigorous Particulate Agglomeration Approach
4.6.3 Equivalent Fused Particle Approach
4.6.4 Agglomeration Mapping Approach
Chapter 5 Monodisperse Droplet Spray Drying
5.1 Why Is This Concept Important?
5.2 Development of the Monodisperse Droplet Spray Dryer
5.2.1 Experimental Development over the Years
5.2.2 Recent Computational Developments
5.3 Monodisperse Spray Drying Chamber and Operation Design
5.3.1 Exploration of a Dryer with Swirling Flow
5.3.2 Exploration of a Dryer with Moving Atomizer
5.3.3 Scale-Up of Monodisperse Droplet Spray Dryer
Chapter 6 Advanced Applications of Spray Drying
6.1 Superheated Steam Spray Drying
6.1.1 Improving the Wettability of Dairy Powder
6.1.2 A Medium for In-Situ Crystallization Control
6.1.3 Important Technical Considerations When Using Superheated Steam
6.2 Controlling In-Situ Crystallization in Spray Dryers
6.2.1 General Overview of In-Situ Crystallization
6.2.2 Strategies for Materials That Are Slow to Crystallize
6.2.3 Strategies for Materials That Are Fast to Crystallize
6.3 Antisolvent Vapor Precipitation Spray Drying
6.3.1 What Is This Concept About?
6.3.2 Unique Early Findings and Applications
6.3.3 Challenges and Latest Developments
References
Index