Fragments from Hellenistic Jewish Authors: Volume 1, Historians 0891303499, 1555403174, 1555403182, 9780891303497, 9780788501197, 0788501194, 9780788501432, 0788501437, 9781555403171

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Society of Biblical Literature

TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS PSEUDEPIGRAPHA SERIES

edited by James C. Vander!Eiam

Texts and Translations 30 Pseudepigrapha Series 12 Fragments From Hellenistic Jewish Authors Poets

Fragments From Hellenistic Jewish Authors Poets The Epic Poets Theodotus and Philo and Ezekiel the Tragedian

Carl R. Holladay

Scholars Press Atlanta, Georgia

Fragments From Hellenistic Jewish Authors Poets Carl R. Holladay Cover photo reproduced irom Eusebius, Frogparaiio EuangeHca, vol. I, E. H. Gifford, Oxford University Press, 1903. Ο 1989 Society of BiMicat Literature

Hbrary of Congress Cata)og!ng-in-FubHcat!on Data Fragments from HeUenistic Jewish authors. (Texts and tr&nslations. 0145-3203 ;no.20.. 30) (Pseudepgrapha series, 0145-3238 ; no. 10,12) English and Greek. Includes bMiograt^ies. Contents: v. 1. Histodans— v. 2. Poets. 1. Bible. O.T.-History of Biblical events. 2. G^ek literature-Jewish authors. 3. Greek literature-Translations into English. 4. English literature-Translations from Greek. I. Holladay, Carl R. Π. Series: Texts and translations; no. 20, etc. UL Series: Texts and translations. Pseudepigrapha series ;no. 12. BS1197.F68 1983 880.9*8924 79-18090 ISBN 0-89130-349-9 (pbk.: v. 1) ISBN 1-55540-317-4 (v. 2. ;alk. paper) ISBN 1-55540-318-2 (pbk.: v. 2 : alk. paper)

Printed in the United States of Amenca on acid-free p^er

For A^rister, ßen, ant/ .4ni/rev

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE

ix

INTRODUCTION

1

Manuscripts Symbols Used in Apparatus Critlcus Abbreviations Used In Apparatus Criticus.... Bibliography - Sources for the Fragments.... Bibliography - General Bibliography - Abbreviations Other Abbreviations THEODOTUS

2 4 6 8 25 44 49 51

PHILO THE EPIC POET

205

EZEKIEL THE TRAGEDIAN

301

PREFACE This second volume of Fragments from FeJJenjstJc JevjsA 4utAors contains the extant fragments from the epic poets Theodotus and Philo and the tragedian Ezekiel. At an earl ier stage, I had intended to include Aristobulus and Pseudo-Phocylides (FRJ^ 1.7). My earlier editor. Harold W. Attridge, also encouraged me to include the pseudo-Greek poets and the Orphic texts. As the size of this manuscript clearly attests, the inclusion of these additional texts proved not to be feasible. My hope is to include these in a third volume, which will also contain indices to all three volumes. I wish to acknowledge the work of several persons who have assisted me in this work at various stages. In seminars at Yale, John Fitzgerald, Ernest Bursey, Hi 1 lei Zaremba, John Riggs, and David Rensberger assisted

in the initial

stages of

translation,

particularly of Philo Epicus. Besides the student assistants mentioned

in the preface to the first

volume, Mary Stamps has also rendered invaluable editorial assistance. My Emory

colleagues Arthur

Wainwright and Max Miller have assisted me with a number of details. Channing Jeschke and his staff at Pitts Theology Library at Emory have offered their

χ

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

typical cheerful assistance in making available to me the

considerable

resources

of

the

rare

book

collection. Gary Hauk, Reference Librarian at Pitts, has been especially

helpful. From an early date

Professor Nikolaus Waiter, now of the University of Jena, has encouraged me in the project and has always been willing to offer generous assistance with various technical

matters. I am especially

indebted

to

Professor P. W. van der Horst of the University of Utrecht for his many helpful suggestions. The bulk of this manuscript was completed during a period of leave

in 1987-88 made possible by a

research grant from the University Research Committee of Emory University. I owe special thanks to Jim L. Waits, Dean of the Candler School of Theology at Emory University, who has supported this research in both word and deed. This book is dedicated to my three sons whose respective birthplaces locate some of the intellectual traditions that have informed this work: Abilene, Princeton, New Haven.

Atlanta November 24, 1988

INTRODUCTION The introduction to the first volume of Fragments froH NeJJenjist.fc JevisA j4MtAors still serves to set these fragments in their historical context. It also treats the history of the transmission of the texts, in particular Fraeparat

the textual

history

Evang'e^.ica, in which

of

Eusebius

most of

these

fragments are preserved. Other text-critical matters are also dealt with there. Since the publication of the first volume in 1983, numerous items have appeared relating to these fragments. Especially commendable is the "General Introduction" to these authors by John Strugnell in J. H. Charlesworth, ed., TAe OJd TestaHMt FseudepigrapAa (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1985) 2.777-79. More extensive treatment of these, and their literary kin, set within the historical and cultural milieux in which they are to be understood, is to be found in J. J. Col 1 ins, Fetveen 4tAens and Jerusalem; JenrjfsA identity in tAe ^eiJenistic JevisA Diaspora (New York: Crossroad, 1983). Also useful is the compact survey of N. Walter, Philon

von

Historiker),'"

"Jüdisch-hellenistische Literatur vor Alexandrien

(unter

Ausschluß

der

(Part II: Principate; Volume 20.1;

2

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

Berlin/New York: de Gruyter, 1987) 68-120. The

following

sections

describing

the

manuscripts, text-critical sigla, and text-critical abbreviations have been adapted from the first volume to fit the contents of this volume. The bibliographies from

the

first

volume, both

Hellenistic Jewish

the

Fragments" and

"Sources for the

"General

Bibliography," have been repeated here, but modified, supplemented, and updated. The abbreviation lists have been modified only slightly, but expanded to include additional

1 tems and authors referred to in this

volume, especially in the apparatus criticus.

Manuscripts With few exceptions, the fragments in this volume come from Eusebius Praeparatio EvangeJica. Portions of Ezekiel the Tragedian, Frgs. 1 & 2, also occur in Clement Ftromata, and the disputed Frg. 18 of Ezekiel the Tragedian is supplied by Epiphanius Panarion. The pertinent manuscript evidence for these authors is listed below. 1.

Clement ^tromata L

Laurentianus V 3, 11th cent. The original scribe who corrected many mistakes

Introduction

L^-L^

Two younger hands who corrected many mistakes

Ath Cod. Athous (Codex Lawra Β 113), 11th cent (Cf. Stählin-Früchtel, pp. vii-xv and xvii.) 2.

[52 (15)], vol. 2,

Epiphanius Panarion V Μ U

Vaticanus 503 Marcianus 125 Urbinas 17/18

(cf. K. Holl, GC5 [31], vol. 2, p. v.) 3.

Eusebius Praeparatio Rva^FeJica A Β C D Ε F G Η I j Μ 0 V

Codex Parisinus graecus 451, 914 C.E. Codex Parisinus graecus 465, 13th cent. (3rd quarter) Codex Parisinus graecus 466, 16th cent. Codex Parisinus graecus 467, 16th cent. (older than E) Codex Parisinus graecus 468, 16th cent. Codex Laurentianus Plut. VI 6, 15th cent. Codex Laurentianus VI 9, 1344 C.E. Codex Marcianus graecus 343, 11th cent. Codex Marcianus graecus 341, 15th cent, Codex Marcianus graecus 342, 1470 C.E. Neapelitanus graecus II AA 16, 15th cent. Codex Bononiensis Univ. 3643, end of 13th cent. Codex Batopedianus 180, 1335 C.E.

(cf. Mras. CCS [43.1 (8)], vol. 1. pp. XIIILVIII, esp. p. LIX.)

4

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

Symbols Used in Apparatus Criticus


Conjectural addition (omitted in all MSS)

{

}

Conjectural deletion

[

]

Lacuna(e) resulting from physical damage (full stops may be used to represent letter-spaces)

[

3

Scribal deletion or erasure

^

^

Scribal correction

L

Non-conjectural lacuna(e), that is. lacunaie) whose content is known or can be supplied from another source (full stops may be used to represent letter-spaces)

t

Editorial indication of corruption in the text (corrupt phrase enclosed by t t; corrupt word preceded immediately by t)

aßyF

Letters deciphered with uncertainty

X

Stands in letter-space left by erasure

:

Separates variants within a variation unit

ί

Separates variation units

?

Indicates editorial uncertainty

(!) (

= (sic) )

Encloses parenthetical remarks

Introduction ^ ^ ^

Designates first, second, third correctors (i.e., B^, B^ = Β corrected by the original scribe, by the second hand, etc.) Letter absent in MS(S)

*

Beside MS =^ original MS or MS before correction

(Cf. M. L. West, rextuai Criticism and Fditoriai recAniqrne [Stuttgart: Teubner, 1973] 80-81.)

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

6

Abbreviations nsed in J^paratns Criticaa abbrev. ac

=

ante correctionem

add.

= addidjit

aspir.

=

aspiratus

cf.

confer

cj.

conjfeci t

corr.

correxit

del.

=

deJevjit

ditt.

=

dittography

ed(d).

*= editJo/-nes; editor/-es

emend.

=

emendavjft

et al.

=

et aiij

fort.

=

fortasse

frg(s).

fragment(s)

κ.r.\.

=

καί Τί3ί λοίΠΏ

lac.

=

Jacuna

lin.

=

line{s)

mg./marg. MSiS)

in marg^ine =

manuscript(s)

Introduction

mut.

=

Hutavit or mutiVatUN

n/not.

=

note(s)

om.

=

omisit

p(p).

=

pageis)

par.

=

paragraph(s)

pc

=

p o s t correctionejB

rest.

=

restituit

8q(q).

= se?MMS^-e7!tes^

superscr.

=

superscripsi t

transp.

=

transposuit

X

= rasura

V.J.

=

yaria Jeetio

(Cf. Association Internationale des Etudes Byzantines, ßMiJetin d'inforHation et de Coordination 4 [1968] 2431; also K. Aland, et al. Wovuw Testamentum Craece [26th ed.; Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung, 1979] 776-79; also H. P. Rüger, y!n Fn^iisA /fey to tAe Latin yords and /t&bret^iations and tAe Sy^iAois of ßJßiZA yFFF4JC4 wrrCAFrFJVSJyi [Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 1981]).

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

BIBLIOGRAPHY Sources for /feJJenistic JetvisA Fragments I.

Collections of the Fragments. A.

Texts. Müller, C. Fragmenta ^istoricorum Craecorum co77eg^it, disposMJft, notis et proJeg^omenis JJiustravit, indiciAus instrujfit. Paris, 1841-72. 5 vols. (= Müll., F^C) Fragments of Alexander Polyhistor contained in vol. 3 (1849), pp. 206-244. Fragments "concerning the Jews,"' Nos. 3-24, arranged in the order in which they occur in F.E., Bk. 9. Reprints Greek text and Latin translation from Gaisford. Freudenthal, J. ^eJienistJscAe Studien. j4iexander FoiyAistor und die yon iAm erAaitenen Feste jfüdiscAer und samaritaniscAer i?escAicAtswer^e. Breslau, 1874-75. 2 vols. (= Freu.) Bulk of the work (vol. 2) devoted to detailed analysis and discussion based on Freudenthal's pioneering research on these authors. Miscellaneous notes, especially text critical, pp. 199-218. Freudenthal's text, with critical apparatus, contained in pp. 219-36. Stearns, W. N. Fragments from i?raeco-Je!visA Writers. Chicago, 1908. (= Stearns)

Introduction Includes texts of most of the authors; reprints Heinichen's text: no translation. Introduction and fairly extensive notes of limited value. Jacoby, F. Die Fragmente der griecAiscAen ^istori/fer. Leiden, 1954-69. 3 vols, in 16 parts. {= J a c , FGr#) The Jewish "historical texts"' are contained in Tell III C, Band 2 (1958, repr. 1969), Nos. 722-737, pp. 666-713. Extensive critical apparatus at bottom of each page. For texts taken from F.F., Jacoby uses Mras's text as a basis, but makes a few changes based on Freudenthal. Denis, A. M. Fragmenta pseudepigrapAorum q^uae supersnnt Graeca una cum Aistoricorum et auctorum Judaeorum Aeiienistarum fragmentis (published with M. Black, 74pocaiypsis ^enocAi Craece). Leiden, 1970. (= Denis, Frag.) The most comprehensive collection of fragmentary Hellenistic Jewish authors to date. Useful introduction, texts (pp. 61-228), minimal critical apparatus, indices of biblical references, ancient and modern authors. Useful introductory material and extensive bibliography of each author provided in Denis, introduction aux pseud^pigrapAes g'recs d'ancien testament (Leiden, 1970) (= Denis, intro.) Bombelli, L. i frammenti deg^ii storici g^uidaico-eiienistici. Geneva: Universita di Geneva, dipartimento di archeologia, filologia classlca e loro tradizioni, 1986.

10

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

B.

Translations.

Charlesworth, J. H., ed. TAe OJd restament PseMdepiFrapAa. 2 vols. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 1983-85. (= Charlesworth, ΟΓΡ) German; Riessler, P. i^itj'üdiscAes ScArifttum ansserAaiA der BiAei. Heidelberg: F. H. Kerle, 1928; 2. Aufl. (unaltered), 1966. (= Riessler) First comprehensive collection of pseudepigrapha in German. Arranged alphabetically by author and/or title. Notes, pp. 12661339. Walter, N. "Fragmente jüdisch-hellenistischer Historiker," in W. G. Kümmel, et al., eds., JudiscAe ScAriften aus AeJJenistjfscArömiscAer Zeit, Bd. 1, "Historische und legendarische Erzählungen," Lfg. 2 (Gütersloh, 1976) 91-163. (= Walter, JS^FZ fi.F7) Walter, N. "Fragmente jüdisch-hellenistischer Exegeten: Aristobulos, Demetrios, Aristeas," in W. G. Kümmel, et al., eds., JüdiscAe ScAriften aus AeiienistiscA-römiscAer Zeit, Bd. 3, "Unterweisung in lehrhafter Form," Lfg. 2 (Gütersloh, 1980) 257-299. (= Walter, JSW?Z f3.^7) Vogt, E. "Tragiker Ezechiel," in W. G. Kümmel, et al., eds., JüdiscAe ScAriften aus

Introduction

11 AeJievjJstJscA-römiscAer Zeit, Bd. 4, "Poetische Schriften," Lfg. 3 (Gütersloh, 1983) 113-33. (= Vogt, JSHRZ ^4.37)

Walter, N. "Fragmente jüdisch-hellenistischer Epik: Philon, Theodotos," in W. G. Kümmel, et al., eds., JüJiscAe ScAriften aus Aeiienistiscn-römiscAer Zeit, Bd. 4, "Poetische Schriften," Lfg. 3 (Gütersloh, 1983) 135-171. (= Walter, J S ^ Z f4.37) Walter, M. "Pseudepigraphische jüdischhellenistische Dichtung; Pseudo-Phokylides, Pseudo-Orpheus, Gefälschte Verse auf Namen griechischer Dichter," in W. G. Kümmel, et al., eds., JüdiscAe ScAriften aus AeiienistiscA-römiscAer Zeit, Bd. 4, "Poetische Schriften," Lfg. 3 (Gütersloh, 1983) 173-278. (= Walter, V S ^ Z f4.37) II.

Individual Authors. Α.

Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangeiica. Texts. Stephanus, R. FuseAii PampAiii ßvangeiicae Praeparationis ÜAri AV. Paris, 1544. (= Estienne, Etienne, Stephens, Steph.) The earliest edition of the Greek text of P.E. Based on MSS D & E. The page numbers of this edition appear in the margins of some subsequent editions. Vigerus, F. EuseAii PampAiii Caesareae Paiaestinae episcopi Praeparatio Fv^ang^eiica Paris, 1628. (= Viger, Vigier, Viguier, Vig.)

^2

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

Contains text expertly revised by Viger, also his fresh Latin translation and annotations. His re-division of the chapters was adopted by later editions, especially Mras. The page numbers of this edition, with the additional a-d division, appeared in the margins of most subsequent editions, and became the most widely used system of reference. Heinichen, F. A. FuseAii PampAiJj Leipzig, 1842-43. 2 vols. {- Hein.) Reprints Greek text based on Stephanus and Viger. Underneath the text are printed Vigor's critical notes, including textual notes, parallel references, explanations. Indices of authors, topics, and Greek words. Gaisford, T. FuseAij PampAiJj Fvangeiicae Praeparationis Li&ri XT. Oxford, 1843. 4 vols. {= Gals.) Contains text revised by Gaisford, with full critical apparatus and Viger's Latin translation on each page. Vol. 4 contains Viger's notes (pp. 148-338), two appendices, one on Aristobulus by L. C. Valckenaer (pp. 339-451), another on the Orphic fragments by P. Wesseling (pp. 452-58), as well as indices of authors, biblical passages, names and subjects. Migne, J. P. Patroiogria Craeca ^FJ^- FuseAius PampAiii Caesariensis Episcopus ; Praeparatio Evang^eJica. Paris, 1857. (= PC)

Introduction Prints Vigor's Greek text, notes, and Latin translation on each page. Greek and Latin in parallel columns. Appendices (cols. 14571666) contain notes by Seguier whose French translation of P.E. appeared in 1846. Indices of authors, names, and subjects. Dindorf, W. Eusebjj Caesariensis Opera. [Teubner] Leipzig, 1867. 2 vols. (= Dind.) Greek text based on previous editions, but advances earlier work. No critical apparatus and no annotations as announced in preface (pp. iv and xxiv-xxv). Indices of authors, biblical passages, and Viger's index of names and subjects. Gifford, E. H. Buse&jj PampAiJi EvangeJjcae Praeparationes. iiAri Xt^. Oxford, 1903. 4 vols, in 5 parts. (= Giff.) Greek text based on entirely new collation of MSS: used MS 0 for the first time. Significant advance over previous work. Vols. 1 & 2 contain Greek text with critical apparatus at bottom of each page; vol. 2 contains index of authors, biblical references, names and subjects based on Greek text. Vol. 3 (in two parts) contains English translation. Part 2 contains index based on English translation. Vol. 4 contains notes in English and index of Greek words. Mras, K. Die Praeparatio Evan^eiica. Bd. 8, Eusebius ^yer/ce [Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller (= GCS), 43]. Berlin. 1954-56. 2 vols. (= Mras)

14

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments Standard Greek text of P.F. now in use. Based on collation of all available MSS and takes into account all previous editions. Corrects previous work. Introduction in vol. 1 (pp. xiii-lx) provides description of textual history, manuscript witnesses, editions, and introductory material to P.F. Extensive critical apparatus at bottom of each page. Extensive indices, including biblical passages. Christian and non-Christian authors, other works of Eusebius, names and subjects. Especially helpful Greek index including Greek terms as well as matters of Greek grammar and style. des Places, E., J. Sirinelli, G. Schroeder, et al. FuseAe de C^sar^e. La Pr^paratiiin ^vang^iiyue. [Sources cAr^tiennes SC), ed. C. Mond6sert] Paris, 1974 -. Seven volumes have appeared to date: Book 1 (No. 206), Books 2-3 (No. 228), Books 4-5.17 (No. 262), Books 5.18-6 (No. 266). Book 7 (No. 215), Book 11 (No. 292), and Books 1213 (No. 307). Various translators and contributors. Reprints Mras's text with facing French translation. Abbreviated critical apparatus at bottom of each page prepared by des Places. Vol. 1 contains useful introduction to P.F. and extensive commentary on Book 1 (pp. 212-323). Other volumes contain introductory material and notes.

Introduction

15

Translations. Eng^JisA; Gifford, E. H. FuseAii PampAiJi EvangeJicae Praeparatjones. Oxford, 1903. Vol. 3 (Parts 1 & 2). Cf. entry above. FrencA; Seguier de Saint-Brisson (Marquis NicolasMaximilien-Sidoine). EuseAe PampAiJe. La preparation ^vang^iityue ... ayec des notes critiqrues^ Aistoriqrues, et pAiioJoFiyues. Paris, 1846. 2 vols. des Places, E., et al. FuseAe de C^sar^e. La preparation et^ang'eiiqfue. [Sources cAretiennes. 206, 216, 228, 262. 266, 292, 307] Paris. 1974 Books 1-7. 11-13. Cf. entry above. Latin.Trapezunt. G. von. FuseAiuH PawpAiii de eyang^eiica praeparatione iatinuH ex graeco Aeatissime pater iussu tuo effecti ... Venice. 1470. Subsequent editions in 1473, 1480. 1497, 1500, 1501, 1522. (= George of Trebizond/Trepizond) The first Latin translation of P.F., based primarily on MS I. Vigerus, F. FuseAii PampAiii Caesareae Paiaestinae episcopi Praeparatio Fvang'eiica Paris, 1628. Cf. entry above. Vigor's Latin translation appears in Gaisford, Müller. FFG, and Migne (PC).

Hellenistic Jewish Fragments

B.

Eusebius, Fistoria Ecciesiaatica. Texts. Stephanus, R. EccVesiasticae Aistoriae FuaeAJi PaapniVi 77Ari X. Fiusdem de Vita ConstantiHi JiAri t^. Socratjfs 7i&rj t^ii. TAeodoriti epiacopi Cyrensia Jibri t^. CoJ7ecta7!eorMm ex ^iatoria eccies. TAeodori Hectoria ii&ri iJ. Fermii SozomeHi JjfAri JX. Fyagrijf t'i. Paris, 1544. Valesius, Henrlcus. EuseAijf PampAjJi Fcciesiasticae Aiatoriae JiAri decern. Eiusdem de Vita imp. Coj^atautjfui JiAri ίί^, ^uiAus auA./icitMr Oratio Constantjfui ad aanctos et Panegyricus FuseAii. Fenricus Maiesiua graecum textuw coJiatis mss. codiciAus eweTJdarit, i a t J M yertit et adnotationiAua iiiustravit. Paris, 1659. {= Henri de Valois) Subsequent editions of Valesius' edition of Eusebius, ifistoria were published in 1672 and 1677, but the most notable in Cambridge in 1720; also contained his edition of Socrates, Sozomen, and the other Greek historians. Heinichen, F. A. FuseAii PampAiJi Tfiatoriae ecciesiasticae ÜAri χ, ex not^a recognitione cum aiiorum ac suis proieg^omeTjja, iutegro ^eurici yiaieaii commeutario, seiectis Feadi^^gίi, StrotAii aiiorumyue virorum doctissimorum oAaer^ationiAus edidit, auaa animadversioTJea et excursus, ijOdices Leipzig, 1827-28. 3 vols.

Introduction

17

Burton, Edward. EuseAii PampAiJi Fistoriae ecciesiaaticae Ji&ri decern, ad codices manuscriptos rece^jsuit Eduardus Eurtovi . .. Oxford, 1838. 2 vols. Migne, J. P. PatroJog^ia Graeca ^2G^; Eusebius PampAiii Caesarieusis Episcopus listeria Ecciesiastica. Paris, 1857. cols. 45-906. Reprints Valesius' 1720 edition. Schwartz, E. Eusebius Wer^e, ßd. 9; Die XircAeug^escAicAte. [Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller, 9] Leipzig, 1903-1909. 3 vols. Vols. 1 & 2: texts; Vol. 3: introductions and indices. Also contains Latin translation of Rufinus, edited by T. Mommsen. Schwartz, E. Eusebius TfircAeng^escAicAte. Kleine Ausgabe. 5. Aufl., unveränderter Nachdruck der 2. durchgesehenen Aufl. Leipzig, 1955. Grapin, E. EuseAe de C^sar^e. Nistoire ecci^siastityue. Texte grec et trad, fraupaise. Paris, 1905-1913. 3 vols. Lake, K. EuseAius. r^e Ecciesiasticai history. [LoeA Ciassicai Library (= LCL)] London, 1926, 1932. 2 vols. Reprints GCS text. Bardy, G. EuseAe de C^sar^e. Tfistoire ecciesiasti