Coordination compounds. Molecular orbital theory : tests

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The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Kazan National Research Technological University

COORDINATION COMPOUNDS. MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY Tests

Kazan KNRTU Press 2018

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UDC 546; 54-386 The study guide is published in accordance with the decision of the Faculty of Chemical Technologies

Reviewers: Ph. D. (in chemistry), Full Prof. N. B. Berezin Ph. D. (in chemistry), Full Prof. M. B. Gazizov Contributors: Assoc. Prof. М. М. Petrova Full Prof. Е. М. Zueva Full Prof. А. М. Kuznetsov Coordination compounds. Molecular orbital theory : tests / сontributors : M. M. Petrova, E. M. Zueva, A. M. Kuznetsov; The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Kazan National Research Technological University. – Kazan: KNRTU Press, 2018. – 44 p. The study guide contains individual test tasks, which can be used to control student achievements in the topic "Coordination compounds. Molecular orbital theory". The tasks are developed for the first-year students of engineering degree programs, who study the discipline "General and Inorganic Chemistry" and "The additional chapters of Inorganic Chemistry" in English. The study guide was prepared at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry.

UDC 546; 54-386

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INDIVIDUAL TASKS Variant 1 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 19 D) 21 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А) σs2σp6σd4πºd6σ*d1 C) σs2σp6σd4πºd5σ*d2 2 6 4 4 3 B) σs σp σd πºd σ*d D) σs2σp6σd4πºd3σ*d4 3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 5 C) 5; 2; 12 B) 12; 5; 2 D) 5; 12; 2

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5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 495 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colorless B) blue-green D) red

Variant 2 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [FeF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 B)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs? А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 5; 2 B) 12; 3; 2 D) 12; 3; 1 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 654 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) red Variant 3 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(CN)6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 C)  s2 6p d4 d6 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

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3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z - and  z* -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 568 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet C) colourless B) blue-green D) yellow-green Variant 4 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19

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2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*2

C)  s2 6p d4 d6

B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z 2 - and  z*2 -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 2; 5 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 425 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet В) colorless C) blue-green D) yellow-green

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Variant 5 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Fe(CN)6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3

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5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 600 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green В) colorless C) orange D) green-blue Variant 6 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Mn(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the πbonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  y - and  *y -MOs?

А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 5; 0 B) 12; 4; 1 D) 12; 3; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 750 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) purple C) colourless B) orange D) green Variant 7 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

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3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 450 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) blue C) colourless B) yellow D) green-blue Variant 8 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [MnF6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 19 D) 17

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2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d3 B)  s2 6p d4 d1 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 3 C) 3; 0; 12 B) 12; 2; 3 D) 4; 12; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 545 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) purple

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Variant 9 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [СoF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 2; 4 D) 12; 3; 3

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5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 565 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) yellow-green C) colourless B) violet D) green-blue Variant 10 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Fe(CN)6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z - and  z* -MOs?

А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 5 C) 12; 4; 1 B) 12; 5; 0 D) 12; 3; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 485 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) orange C) colourless B) blue-green D) green-blue Variant 11 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Fe(CN)6]4−complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6

C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2

B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

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3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 600 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) orange D) green-blue

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Variant 12 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*2 C)  s2 6p d4 d6 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z 2 - and  z*2 -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 2; 5

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5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 425 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet C) colourless B) blue-green D) yellow-green Variant 13 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs?

А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 450 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) blue C) colourless B) yellow D) green-blue Variant 14 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [FeF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1

C)  s2 6p d4 d5

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B)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 5; 2 B) 12; 3; 2 D) 12; 3; 1 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 654 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) red

Variant 15 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(CN)6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory.

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1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the πbonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 C)  s2 6p d4 d6 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z - and  z* -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin

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Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 568 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet C) colourless B) blue-green D) yellow-green Variant 16 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 19 D) 21 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*4

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

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4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 5 C) 5; 2; 12 B) 12; 5; 2 D) 5; 12; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 495 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colorless B) blue-green D) red Variant 17 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [СoF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the πbonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

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А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 2; 4 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 565 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) yellow-green C) colourless B) violet D) green-blue Variant 18 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [FeF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19

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2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 B)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 5; 2 B) 12; 3; 2 D) 12; 3; 1 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 654 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) red

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Variant 19 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Mn(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  y - and  *y -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 B) 12; 4; 1

C) 12; 5; 0 D) 12; 3; 2

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5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 750 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) purple C) colourless B) orange D) green Variant 20 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Fe(CN)6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 600 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) orange D) green-blue Variant 21 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

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3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 450 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) blue C) colourless B) yellow D) green-blue Variant 22 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory.

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1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*2 C)  s2 6p d4 d6 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z 2 - and  z*2 -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 2; 5 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin

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Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 425 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet C) colourless B) blue-green D) yellow-green Variant 23 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [MnF6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 15 D) 17 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 B)  s2 6p d4 d1 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

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4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 0; 5 B) 12; 1; 2 D) 12; 3; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 545 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) purple Variant 24 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(CN)6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 C)  s2 6p d4 d6 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  z - and  z* -MOs?

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А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 568 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) violet C) colourless B) blue-green D) yellow-green Variant 25 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Co(NH3)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 19 D) 21

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2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*4

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 5 C) 5; 2; 12 B) 12; 5; 2 D) 5; 12; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 495 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colorless B) blue-green D) red

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Variant 26 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [СoF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 2; 4 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic.

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А) paramagnetic B) diamagnetic

C) high-spin D) low-spin

Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 565 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) yellow-green C) colourless B) violet D) green-blue Variant 27 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [FeF6]3− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d5 B)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x 2  y 2 - and  x 2  y 2 -MOs? А)

C)

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B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 2; 3 C) 12; 5; 2 B) 12; 3; 2 D) 12; 3; 1 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 654 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) blue-green D) red Variant 28 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Mn(H2O)6]2+ complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d5 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*1 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*3

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3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligandbased ones) form the  y - and  *y -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 5 C) 12; 5; 0 B) 12; 2; 3 D) 12; 3; 2 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 750 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) purple C) colourless B) orange D) green Variant 29 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [Fe(CN)6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 16 C) 18 B) 17 D) 19

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2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d6 C)  s2 6p d4 d4 d*2 B)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*3

D)  s2 6p d4 d5 d*1

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  s - and  s -MOs?

А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 6 C) 12; 5; 1 B) 12; 6; 0 D) 12; 3; 3 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. А) paramagnetic C) high-spin B) diamagnetic D) low-spin Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 600 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colourless B) orange D) green-blue

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Variant 30 Task 1. Determine the electronic structure of the octahedral [MnF6]4− complex within the framework of the molecular orbital (MO) theory. 1. The number of valence electrons in this complex is А) 18 C) 20 B) 17 D) 15 2. Draw the MO-diagram of this complex (without accounting for the π-bonding effect) and distribute valence electrons into atomic and molecular orbitals in accordance with the available Δ and P values (see Appendix). Specify the ground-state valence electron configuration of this complex. А)  s2 6p d4 d2 d*1 C)  s2 6p d4 d3 B)  s2 6p d4 d1 d*2

D)  s2 6p d4 d3 d*2

3. Linear combinations of which two orbitals (metal-based and ligand* based ones) form the  x - and  x -MOs? А)

C)

B)

D)

4. How many electrons occupy bonding, antibonding, and non-bonding MOs in this complex? А) 12; 0; 3 C) 12; 0; 5 B) 12; 2; 3 D) 12; 1; 4 5. Specify whether this complex is a high-spin or a low-spin one, paramagnetic or diamagnetic.

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А) paramagnetic B) diamagnetic

C) high-spin D) low-spin

Task 2. The electronic transition in a complex corresponds to the light absorption at 495 nm. What color is the complex (see Appendix)? А) green C) colorless B) blue-green D) red

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Akhmetov, N. S. General and Inorganic chemistry / N. S. Akhmetov. – М.: Mir Publishers, 1983. – 671 p. 2. Akhmetov, N.S. Problems and Laboratory Experiments in Inorganic Chemistry / N. S. Akhmetov, M. K. Azizova, L. I. Badygina. – М.: Mir Publishers, 1982. – 256 p. 3. Huheey, J. E. Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity / J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter, R. L. Keiter. – Harper and Row, N.Y., 2001. 4. Cotton, F. A. Basic Inorganic Chemistry / F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, P. L. Gaus. – Wiley, N.Y.: 1995. 5. Day C. Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry / C. Day, M. Selbin. – Van Nustrand Reinhold, 1969. 6. Lee, J. D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry / J. D. Lee. – Chapman and Hall, 1996. 7. Shriver, D. F. Inorganic Chemistry / D. F. Shriver, P. W. Atkins, C. H. Langford. – Oxford University Press, 1994.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Electron splitting energy (Δ) and pairing energy (P) in octahedral complexes Coordination center configuration d4

Ion Cr2+

P, kJ/mol 280.4

Mn2+

304.2

Fe3+

357.9

Fe2+

209.9

Co3+

250.5

Co2+

304.2

Ni2+

─

d5

d6

d7

d8

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Ligands H2 O NH3 H2 O F− Cl− CN− CNS− H2 O NH3 F− Cl− CN− H2 O NH3 F− Cl− Br− CN− H2 O NH3 F− CN− en H2 O NH3 F− Cl− H2 O NH3

Δ, kJ/mol 165.8 205.2 101.4 90.2 89.5 308.9 104.9 163.4 202.8 140.8 130.6 417.6 124.1 153.9 106.2 99.01 93.1 403.2 217.0 273.2 155.0 405.6 277.9 110.9 132.4 95.4 88.3 103.8 128.8

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Wavelengths of the visible spectrum, absorbed radiation colour and observed colour Absorbed wavelength, nm

Absorbed radiation colour

400–435 435–480 480–490 490–500 500–560 560–580 580–595 595–605 605–730 730–760

Violet Blue Green-blue Blue-green Green Yellow-green Yellow Orange Red Purple

Observed colour (complementary colour) Yellow-green Yellow Orange Red Purple Violet Blue Green-blue Blue-green Green

COORDINATION COMPOUNDS. MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ. ТЕОРИЯ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ ОРБИТАЛЕЙ Responsible for publishing T. Grishaeva Signed in print Offset paper 2,75 publ. sh.

Riso print Edition 150 copies

Sheet size 60×84 1/16 2,56 conv. pr. sh. Order

Kazan National Research Technological University Press Offset laboratory of Kazan National Research Technological University 420015, Kazan, Karl Marx street, 68

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