292 18 32MB
English Pages 1059 Year 1919
COLLECTIONS OF THE
ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL
LIBRARY EDITED BY
CLARENCE WALWORTH ALVORD UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
VOLUME XIV
ILLINOIS
STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
BOARD OF TRUSTEES EvARTS BouTELL Greene, President Charles Henry Rammelkamp, Vice-President Otto Leopold Schmidt, Secretary
Jessie
Palmer Weber,
Librarian
ADVISORY COMMISSION EVARTS BOUTELL GrEENE William Edward Dodd James Alton James
Andrew Cunningham McLaughlin William Augustus Meese Edward Carleton Page Charles Henry Rammelkamp Clarence Walworth Alvord, ex officio
CONSTITUTIONAL SERIES VOLUME
II
THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATES OF
1847
COLLECTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
VOLUME XIV
CONSTITUTIONAL SERIES, VOLUME
II
THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATES OF
1847
Edited with Introduction and Notes by
ARTHUR CHARLES COLE University of Illinois
Published by the Trustees of the
ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS 19I9
Copyright, 1919 BY
The
Illinois State Historical Library
PREFACE The addition of seventy-two years
to Illinois history,
and a fifth attempt to remodel her fundamental law, have made apparent the value of publishing the debates of the Constitutional Convention of 1847. Working in an atmosphere of "economy, retrenchment, and reform," the delegated representatives of the authority Commonwealth in 1847 decided to forego an official edition of debates and content themselves with newspaper versions. Many were aware of the service which a collection of debates would have rendered to other bodies similarly engaged in that time of constituof this
'
tional reform;
they were not so alive to their obliga-
tions to posterity
and
to their successors in constitu-
amendment in Illinois. The present volume is the
tional i
result of an effort to re-
construct the records of this convention. I
'^ ..
,v^
The most
complete single account available was found in the tri- weekly edition of the Illinois State Register; strangely enough, however, the weekly edition often contained more detailed accounts of certain addresses and debates. The reporters were not always prompt in their arrival nor were they always able to hear what was said. The Register, too, was not always ready to devote space to It left this obligathe utterances of party opponents. No other papers tion to its rival, the Sangamo Journal. in Illinois attempted to present a running record of the debates. Newspaper correspondents were at the convention in force but at best they were satisfied with
iv
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
making
daily
memoranda of the
topics discussed, of the
trend of the debates, and of the current political gossip. The version presented in this volume is the Register tri-weekly account supplemented in important omisby items from the weekly edition and from the
sions
Sangamo Journal. of this volume has been made by the codperation of Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber of the Illinois State Historical Library and of Dr. W. F.
The preparation
possible
Reference Bureau. The were those of the Illinois State Historical Library. They have been supplemented for editorial work by the files of the Chicago Historical Society, of the Newberry Library, Chicago,
Dodd of the
newspaper
Illinois Legislative
files
used
in the text
of the Library of Congress, and of the Illinois Historical Survey. The index has been prepared for the practical
use of students of political science by Miss Ethel Gwinn, working under the direction of Professor John A. Fairlie.
I
am
especially indebted to
Armstrong, who,
Miss Nellie C.
in the capacity of editorial assistant,
has shown the greatest zeal and care in collating and proof-reading.
Arthur Urbana, Illinois January, 1920
C.
Cole
CONTENTS Introduction I.
xv
Monday, June
1847
7,
i
The convention assembled;
of
credentials
president, secretary, sergeant-at-arms elected;
discussed;
presented;
printing of the debates
"economy, retrenchment and reform".
Tuesday, June
II.
members
Employment of tion to limit
9
8
additional officers discussed;
pay of members and
officers;
authority of conven-
report of
Committee on
Rules adopted.
Wednesday, June
III.
22
9 discussed; employment of pay of members of convention; ad-
Legislative powers of the convention
additional officers considered; ditional officers elected.
Thursday, June 10
IV.
Length of daily
42
sessions decided upon;
presentation of various
resolutions pertaining to organization.
V.
Friday, June
ii
Reconsideration
of
45 the
advisability of taking
up
Monday, June
the
convention;
debate
on
on three great departments of Committee of the Whole.
resolutions
government; resolutions discussed
VI.
of
rules
in
14
65
Standing committees announced; discussion as to form of procedure in "the amendment, revision or alteration" of the constitution; presentation of
resolutions
on subjects of banking, executive authority,
state borrowing power; discussion as to advisability of printing debates.
VII.
Tuesday, June
15
Presentation of resolutions on subjects of judiciary, state borrowing
power, veto power, manner of elections, term and salary of governor
and members of General Assembly; discussion on bank question.
82
CONTENTS
vi
VIII.
Wednesday, June Debate on subject of
Thursday, June
IX.
Bank
90
i6
poll tax as
remedy
for state debt.
'
17
question debated;
.
.
100
presentation of "equal rights" petition;
abolition of county commissioners' court discussed;
presentation of
resolutions on subjects of lotteries, divorces, abolishing office of probate justice
and county recorder, banking.
no
Friday, June 18
X.
Resolution prohibiting formation of new counties less than four hundred square miles in area; debate on resolution; debate on question of limiting numbers of the General Assembly.
Saturday, June 19
XI.
127
Debate on numbers of General Assembly; on county representative system; "economy, retrenchment and reform."
XII.
Monday, June
21
153
Debate on county representative system; on representation based on population; presentation of "equal rights" petition.
XIII.
Tuesday, June 22
159
Appointment of committee representative districts;
cery and
common
subject of banks;
XIV.
law;
to apportion state into senatorial
and
presentation of resolutions on courts of chandiscussion on election of secretary;
debate on
presentation of resolution concerning suffrage.
Wednesday, June
23
171 debate on investon subject of revenue.
Presentation of resolutions concerning education;
ment of school funds
XV.
in state bonds; discussion
Thursday, June 24
190
Presentation of resolutions from Committee on Organization of
Departments and Officers connected with the Executive Department; on taxation of government lands; on prohibition of dueling; rate of maximum taxation; limitation of power of legislature; agricultural resources of state; pay of members of convention; amendments to new constitution;
XVI.
prohibition of immigration of free negroes.
Friday, June 25
Immigration of free negroes; suffrage rights of citizens of other states; debate on subject of negro rights.
210
CONTENTS
vii
Saturday, June 26
XVII.
229
Petition prohibiting immigration of negroes to and emancipation of
negroes in state; debate on subject of negro rights; personal difficulties
Committee on Education.
in
Monday, June
XVIII.
28
251
Resolutions concerning banking; debate on bank question.
XIX.
Tuesday, June 29
267
Debate on the subject of banks; question of absolute or temporary prohibition; liability of directors and stockholders.
XX.
Wednesday, June 30
284
Consideration of report of Committee on the Legislative Depart-
ment; debate on length and frequency of
XXI.
Thursday, July
legislative sessions.
289
i
and frequency of on qualifications of representatives and senators; on numbers of representatives and senators. Presentation of resolutions; debate on length
legislative sessions, continued;
XXII.
Friday, July 2
299
Discussion concerning pay of convention members; revision of committee report, continued; time of meeting of legislature; officers of two
houses and quorum; passage of
Monday, July
XXIII.
bills.
305
5
Report of Committee on the Legislative Department discussed; pay of
members of legislature;
sale of lands;
XXIV.
eligibility to office;
suits against the state;
special legislation.
Tuesday, July 6
312
Reports from Committee on Incorporations presented;
from Com-
mittee on the Division of the State into Counties; report of Committee
on the Legislative Department discussed; debate on section 31 of the report.
XXV.
Wednesday, July
7
Report of Committee on the Legislative Department discussed; discussion on special legislation; on banks; question of representative apportionment.
324
CONTENTS
viii
XXVI.
Thursday, July
8
338
Newspaper misrepresentation of convention
delegates; limitation of
length and frequency of speeches of delegates; resolutions of
sympathy
and Houghton; eulogy; consideraCommittee on the Legislative Department; question
to the families of Hardin, Zabriskie, tion of report of
of representation; state debt.
XXVII.
Friday, July 9
356
Report of Committee on the Legislative Department; supplies, printing, etc., for the legislature; life, liberty, and property guaranteed; report of Committee on the Executive Department; governor's term of ofBce, date of election, eligibility to office, age requirement;
debate on
Native Americanism.
XXVIII.
Saturday, July 10
375
Report of Committee on the Executive Department;
debate con-
cerning governor's salary.
XXIX.
Monday, July
12
383
Report of Committee on the Executive Department; salary;
resolution concerning
governor's
Mr. Hale's denunciation of the Mexican
War.
XXX.
Thursday, July
15
391
Report of Committee on the Executive Department;
pardoning
power; special sessions of legislature.
XXXI.
Friday, July 16
Adoption of additional
395
rules of procedure;
the Executive Department;
lieutenant-governor; signing of
XXXII.
report of
Committee on
special sessions of legislature; bills;
duties of
veto power.
Saturday, July 17
424
Veto power; appointment or election of secretary of state; compensation of secretary of state.
XXXIII.
Monday, July
19
446
Resolutions on the deaths of Lieutenants Fletcher, Robbins, and
Ferguson;
report of
Committee on the Judiciary;
classes of courts,
regulation by constitution or legislature; jurisdiction of various courts;
personnel of supreme court.
CONTENTS XXXIV. Tuesday, July
ix
20
457
discontinuance of practice of Resolutions concerning state debt; opening sessions with prayer; report of Committee on the Judiciary; election or appointment of judges.
XXXV. Wednesday,
July
21
469
Report of Committee on the Judiciary; election of judges; system or general; term of judges.
XXXVI. Thursday, July
22
485
Discussion concerning treatment of clergymen in report of
ment
district
Committee on the Judiciary; number of
convention;
the
districts;
appoint-
or election of judges.
XXXVII.
Friday, July 23
498
Reportof Committee on the Judiciary; number of districts; supreme court sessions;
reference of report to a special committee;
report of
Committee on the Organization of Departments; auditor of public accounts; state treasurer; report of Committee on Elections and Right qualifications for right of suffrage.
of Suffrage;
XXXVIII.
Monday, July
26
519
Resolution concerning restoration of practice of opening convention discussion as to propriety of printing various
sessions with prayer;
propositions;
XXXIX.
discussion on the subject of a
new
carpet.
Tuesday, July 27
Right of suffrage;
on immigration;
effect
524 right of state to control
suffrage; Native Americanism.
Wednesday, July
XL.
28
551
Right of suffrage; lengthy debate on extension of suffrage to foreign-
Thursday, July 29
XLI.
Right of suffrage; debate continued; date of elections of
581 fixed;
XLII.
615
Friday, July 30
Report of Committee on Revenue; debate on subject of its
report
Committee on the Mihtia.
application to foreigners.
poll tax;
on
CONTENTS
X
XLIII.
Saturday, July 31
628
Discussion concerning date of adjournment of convention; report of Committee on the Revenue; taxation of "corporations and governments;" minimum land valuation; exemption from taxation.
Monday, August
XLIV.
2
636
Report of Committee on the Revenue;
exemptions from taxation;
sale of lands for taxation.
XLV.
Tuesday, August 3
640
Report of Committee on Incorporations; debate on subject of banking;
liability
XLVI.
of corporation members for corporation debts.
Wednesday, August 4
658
Continuation of debate on the bank question; or regulated system of banking;
absolute prohibition
submission of question separately to
people.
Thursday, August
XLVII.
674
5
Continuation of debate on the bank question; responsibility of corporation
members
for corporation debts
and
liabilities.
Friday, August 6
XLVIII.
695
Report of Committee on the Legislative Department, as amended committee of the whole.
XLIX.
Saturday, August
in
701
7
Resolutions of sympathy upon the death of Captain Franklin Niles; report of
Committee on the
state officers to other offices;
Legislative Department;
impeachment; special
eligibility
legislation;
of
ques-
tion of bank.
L.
Monday, August Bank
question;
707
9
limitation
upon
mission of bank question to people; in the
General Assembly;
oath of
legislative
power;
impeachment; office;
separate sub-
eligibility to seats
granting of divorces;
suits
against the state; lotteries; sale of lands belonging to individuals.
LI.
Tuesday, August id
722
Exemption of freehold from execution; division of sentative and senatorial districts;
apportionment of senators and representatives; monopolies.
state into repre-
personal liberty rights;
census;
state appropriations;
CONTENTS Wednesday, August
LII.
xi
II
730
Apportionment of representatives;
provisions
printing, binding, fuel, etc.; sale of land for taxes;
charter; review of report of
concerning
amendment
state
of bank
Committee on the Executive Department.
Thursday, August 12
LIII.
741
Consideration of report of Committee on the Executive Department; report of Committee on the Judiciary;
judges;
classes of courts;
mode
of selecting supreme court
personnel of supreme court.
Friday, August 13
LIV.
Mode
of selecting judges;
761 rotation of terms of office;
place of sessions of supreme court;
county courts;
jurisdiction;
county justices.
Saturday, August 14
LV.
County courts and probate;
justices;
770 mode
of selecting justices; court
quarterly terms of probate court;
jurisdiction;
county judge; appointment of committee to provide
for
of
duties of
submission of
constitution to people.
Monday, August
LVI.
County
courts;
16
775
clerk of county courts;
authority of legislature to
reorganize county court system; compensation of judges; justices of the peace.
LVII.
Tuesday, August
17
787
Jurisdiction of justice of peace;
attorney-general; prosecuting attor-
county prosecuting attorney; fees of attorneys; clerk of circuit court; clerk of supreme court; commissioning of judicial officers by ney;
governor;
LVIII.
form of judicial documents.
Wednesday, August
800
18
Division of state into judicial circuits;
cost of system;
terms of
court in each circuit;
salary of judges;
requirements for
length of term; prohibition of banks; report of
office;
Committee on Commons;
LIX.
eligibility to
other
offices;
poll tax.
Thursday, August
812
19
Division of state into representative and senatorial districts; revenue; poll tax;
sale of lands for taxes;
valuation of property.
CONTENTS
xii
Friday, August 20
LX.
821
Law Reform;
Formation of new counties; report of Committee on Committee on Townships.
report of
Saturday, August
LXI.
Printing of constitution in
21
839
German and Norwegian; time
of adjourn-
of convention; pay of members; Bill of Rights; right of abolish-
ment
ing the constitution.
Monday, August
LXII.
of Rights;
Bill
23
for indictment
854
religious freedom;
political rights of negroes; trial
by grand jury;
freedom of election;
by jury; search and
bail; penalties;
civil
and
seizure; necessity
imprisonment
for debt;
ex post facto laws.
Tuesday, August 24
LXIII.
Prohibition of dueling;
mode
bly;
and representative
Wednesday, August
LXIV.
three mill tax;
circuit courts;
report of
freedom of
districts.
25
879
Senatorial and representative districts;
Finance;
right of peaceable assem-
right to reform government;
of levying tax;
division of senatorial
press;
869
rights of negroes;
report of
Committee on
three grand judicial circuits;
Committee on Law Reform;
appeal from codification of
laws.
LXV.
Thursday, August 26
Adoption of new convention tion;
LXVI.
rules;
897 report of
Committee on Educa-
duties of superintendent of schools; educational needs of state.
Friday, August 27
Education;
mode
LXVII.
922
of selecting superintendent of schools; govern-
ment money for schools; report of Committee on Revision; ment of constitution; question of finance.
amend-
Saturday, August 28
931
Collection of taxes; state debt; printing of constitution; distribution
of constitution
foreign population.
Monday, August 30
LXVIII. Time
among
of elections;
delegate.
copies of the Journal of the Convention to each
941
CONTENTS Wednesday, August
LII.
xi
730
II
Apportionment of representatives;
provisions
printing, binding, fuel, et(i; sale of land for taxes;
charter; review of report of
Committee on the Executive Department.
Thursday, August
LIII.
concerning state
amendment of bank
12
741
Consideration of report of Committee on the Executive Department;
Committee on the Judiciary; mode of selecting supreme court personnel of supreme court.
report of
classes of courts;
judges;
Friday, August 13
LIV.
Mode
of selecting judges;
place of sessions of supreme
761 rotation of terms of office; court;
county courts;
jurisdiction;
county justices.
Saturday, August 14
LV.
County courts and probate;
justices;
770 mode
of selecting justices; court
quarterly terms of probate court;
jurisdiction;
county judge; appointment of committee to provide
for
of
duties of
submission of
constitution to people.
Monday, August
LVI.
County
courts;
16
clerk of
775
county courts;
authority of legislature to
reorganize county court system; compensation of judges; justices of the peace.
LVII.
Tuesday, August
787
17
Jurisdiction of justice of peace;
court;
fees of attorneys;
clerk of circuit
supreme court; commissioning of judicial form of judicial documents.
clerk of
governor;
LVIII.
attorney-general; prosecuting attor-
county prosecuting attorney;
ney;
Wednesday, August
officers
by
800
18
Division of state into judicial circuits;
cost of system;
terms of
court in each circuit;
salary of judges;
requirements for
length of term; prohibition of banks; report of
office;
Committee on Commons;
LIX.
eligibility to
other
offices;
poll tax.
Thursday, August
812
19
Division of state into representative and senatorial districts; revenue; poll tax;
sale of lands for taxes;
valuation of property.
1
CONTENTS
xii
Friday, August 20
LX.
821
Law Reform;
Formation of new counties; report of Committee on Committee on Townships.
report of
Saturday, August 21
LXI.
839
Printing of constitution in German and Norwegian; time of adjournment of convention; pay of members; Bill of Rights; right of abolishing the
I
Monday, August
LXII.
of Rights;
Bill
23
for indictment
854
religious freedom;
political rights of negroes; trial
by grand jury;
freedom of election;
by jury; search and
bail; penalties;
civil
and
seizure; necessity
imprisonment
for debt;
ex post facto laws.
Tuesday, August 24
LXIII.
Prohibition of dueling;
mode
bly;
right to reform
division of senatorial
press;
three mill tax;
circuit courts;
freedom of
districts.
25
879
Senatorial and representative districts;
Finance;
right of peaceable assem-
government;
and representative
Wednesday, August
LXIV.
869
rights of negroes;
of levying tax;
report of
Committee on
three grand judicial circuits;
report of Committee on
Law Reform;
appeal from codification of
laws.
LXV.
Thursday, August 26
Adoption of new convention
rules;
897 report of
Committee on Educa-
tion; duties of superintendent of schools; educational needs of state.
LXVI.
Friday, August 27
922
mode of selecting superintendent of schools; government money for schools; report of Committee on Revision; amendment of constitution; question of finance. Education;
LXVII.
Saturday, August 28
931
Collection of taxes; state debt; printing of constitution; distribution
of constitution
foreign population.
Monday, August 30
LXVIII. Time
among
of elections;
delegate.
copies of the Journal of the Convention to each
94
CONTENTS LXIX.
xiii
Tuesday, August 31
Adoption of constitution; provisions adjournment of convention.
944 for signing
by absent members;
Biographical Appendix List of
949
members; biographical sketches.
Bibliography
987
Index Name
999 index;
articles
and
sections;
subject index.
INTRODUCTION A
over two decades of development under its original charter of statehood brought Illinois to the point where it chafed at the restraints of its constitutional swaddling clothes. The movement for a new little
constitution, therefore, received definite recognition in
the legislative session of 1840-1841
when
a joint resolu-
Convenmore than the twovote required by the fundamental law. The
tion to refer the question of a Constitutional
tion to the popular vote received
thirds
Advocate soon listed seventeen reasons for a convention and in successive issues proceeded to explain Belleville
them to its readers, who seem to have responded favorably to the program set forth.^ Most of the political spokesmen of the day, however, hesitated to place specific reasons for a convention before the voters with the result that the election of August
i, 1842, revealed a serious indifference on the part of the elector-
ate
and the proposition
failed to secure the required
majority.
Again in 1845 the General Assembly moved to submit the proposition to the electorate and this time the convention backers carried the day by a vote of 57,806 to 18,568.' There followed a fight between northern Illinois and Egypt as to whether the census of 1 840 or the figures of 1 845 should be used as a basis ^Belteville Advocate, October 21, December 2, 9, 1841. ^The figures in the Secretary of State's Records of Election Returns, 1:364-365, are too incomplete for citation. 'Records of Election Returns, 1:476-477. Tlie gubernatorial contest of the same year drew out 100,847 votes. Both elections were held on August 3, 1846.
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
xvi
apportionment. In this skirmish the northern advocates of the 1 845 basis were successful in securing for their section the advantage of its rapid growth during the forties. On April ig, 1847, the election of By this time the party leaders delegates took place. for
were trying to define a strategy which would enable
them to control the situation. The Democrats became more and more vocal on the importance of an anti-bank provision, of popular election of state officials, including even supreme court judges, of an effective veto power, and of insuring the infusion of pure democratic principles into the fundamental law. The Whigs openly accepted the popular demand for economy and reform; inwardly they nursed hopes of excluding foreigners from suffrage by a citizenship qualification and of inserting a clause permitting some sort of a banking system. The Democrats hauled out the obligation of party regularity while the Whigs concealed their ambitions in a subtle insinuating appeal to a "no party" stand.^ When at length the results of the election were tabulated it was found that while the
Democrats had elected a the
162 delegates,
the
safe majority with gi out of
Whigs were represented
in
grave element of uncertainty in the work of the convention. sufficient force to occasion a
The
Constitutional Convention which assembled at June 7, 1847, included only 7 native Illi-
Springfield, noisians.
There were 26
New
Englanders, 38 from
the middle states, 35 from the South Atlantic seaboard, 41 from Kentucky and Tennessee, and 10 from Ohio *See Campbell's complaint against this "no party" trick, post, 480: "He scorned such tricks, preferring the bold, manly course of a whig like Harry of the West, who never said 'no party.' " See also Illinois Stale Register, April 2.
INTRODUCTION
xvii
and Indiana.^ Here was eloquent testimony to the westward course of empire. Of the delegates, the farmers with 75 were most numerous, but there were 54 lawyers, besides 12 physicians, g merchants, 5 mechanics, and 7 others. It was a body of young men nearer in age to the two twenty-six-year-old delegates than the sage of sixty-six. Several members brought to the convention valued experiences garnered in long and active political careers.
The most conspicuous of
these
Mt. Vernon, whose public
services
was Zadoc Casey, of had already included lieutenant-governor, and five terms in Con-
a term as
At the age of
gress.
have
lost
much
fifty-one,
however, he seems to
of his vigor of action, so that the quiet
influence of his presence
was greater than that of
his
utterances before the convention; there was complaint, indeed, that instead of participating in the debates and
giving the delegates the benefit of his age and experience,
he offered "nothing but continual croaking, adjourn! adjourn. "«
The group of more
active participants in the con-
vention debates included delegates in various stages of William R. Archer, a rising young their public careers.
lawyer from Pittsfield, displayed qualities of leadership which explain his later political activity. Albert G.
Shawneetown attorney, Charles H. ConWhig leader and state senator, were frequently on the floor of the convention. Thompson Campbell of Galena, who had for four years rendered capable service as secretary of state, was an Caldwell, a
stable,
^
an influential
Five of foreign birth included three from Scotland and one each from Germany See list of members; cf. AUon Telegraph and Democratic Review,
and Ireland. July
9. ^ See,
post, 843.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
xviii
and eloquent spokesman of the Democratic John Dement, the Dixon delegate, by his
energetic faith.
activity qualified for his later services in the constitu-
Ninian from Springfield, David L. Gregg, an influential Chicagoan of opposite stripe, Samuel S. Hayes, the twenty-sixyear-old delegate from Carmi, and Lincoln B. Knowlton, the eloquent Peoria lawyer, were frequently on the floor. Samuel D. Lockwood of Jacksonville, and Stephen T. Logan of Springfield, two staunch conservative Whig veterans, honored the convention with the experiences of their long political careers. The young lawyer from Carlinville, John M. Palmer, at this convention laid the foundations for the brilliant career which lay ahead of him. Judge Walter B. Scates of Mt. Vernon, was one of the most active influences in the tional conventions of 1862,
W. Edwards, an
and 1869-1870.
agressive veteran
Whig
legislator
convention. James W. Singleton of Mt. Sterling, Archibald Williams of Quincy, and David M. Woodson of Carrollton, aggressively upheld the Whig cause against the attacks of various capable Democratic opponents, among whom were Francis C. Sherman of Chicago, and Hezekiah M. Wead, a lawyer from Lewistown.'
The cratic
organization of the convention by the Demomajority with Newton Cloud of Waverly as
presiding officer,
removed the potent influence of
this
preacher-farmer-legislator from the active counsels of
the convention.
candidate in the
The Whigs field
but aided
did not place a party in the election
of Cloud
'During the early days of the session a contemporary critic complained of an unwarrantable propensity for making speeches among " the unfledged politicians, and embryo statesmen." Allan Telegraph and Democratic Review, June 25.
INTRODUCTION
xix
over Zadoc Casey.' Henry W. Moore, a Gallatin County lawyer, was engaged to act as secretary and John A. Wilson as sergeant-at-arms. The convention was now ready to proceed. The Sangamon County Whig delegates, Edwards and Logan, proposed, on the basis of economy, to ignore the legislative arrangement for the election of a printer with a fixed compensation and to let the work to the lowest They also opposed the responsible and capable bidder. election of assistant secretaries and of an assistant to the sergeant-at-arms. The Whig keynote, "economy, retrenchment, and reform," had already been sounded by Benjamin Bond of Carlyle, in a successful appeal to the convention to Hmit the number and pay of officers of
The Democrats, unwilling to lose the of their victory at the polls, challenged such economy and fought to rescind the Bond resolution; they claimed that all matters pertaining to the number the convention.
fruits
and pay of
officers
had been
settled in the legislative
act which ordered the convention.
the brand of
economy
They
challenged
that involved days of debate and
a protracted session in order to save a few salary items. At length by sheer weight of numbers the Democrats
won out and
later elected the additional officers.
The
four days of debate on these preliminary questions seem not to have been entirely wasted. The discussion
on economy developed into a consideration of the relative powers of the legislative authority of the state and of the convention; and while certain Democratic
members regarded the Whig economy stand
as involv-
'The Democratic caucus was unable to agree upon a candidate. Casey was brought forward as an anti-bank man and Dement withdrew in his favor; Cloud was supported by the advocates of a regulated banking system. Chicago Democrat, June
15, 22.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
XX
ing a waste of time "spent in demagogueism, in making speeches for Buncome,"' others, Hke Campbell of Jo Daviess, agreed with their opponents that the discussion
was worth while because of its value in clearing up questions and enabling members "ta arrive at the true principles on which they should act/'^" The sixth day of the convention completed the preliminary work of organization. The rules of the convention had been agreed upon. Standing committees had been announced, and the order of procedure The original constitution was to be read defined. article by article and section by section and the amending propositions were to be referred for consideration to appropriate committees. On the fourth day, Woodson had presented a set of resolutions defining the authority of the three departments of state government; this proved to be an attempt, on the part of at least certain Whigs, to steal a march on their opponents,
and
after an extended debate the formal order of procedure was agreed upon.
On June
14, the
question of the advisability of
Lanphier and Walker, were publishing in the Siaie Register a record which, although fairly comprehensive, reflected the lack of formal obligation to present an accurate and complete account. The printing the debates was raised.
who had been chosen
Register left to
its
official printers,
rival,
the
Sangamo Journal, the
opportunity of doing justice to addresses by delegates.
The
reporters
in
any case defined
Whig their
obligations in terms of journalistic practice rather than in
terms of historical accuracy. ^Ste post, 30. '"Seepoi/, 38;
cf.
31,
But while the debate
INTRODUCTION
xxi
brought out a substantial agreement that "the pubHshed reports of the speeches of members of this body, as found in the newspapers of this city, are very inaccurate and faulty,"" considerations of economy bore the proposition for an official version; and the
down
suggestion that the
members
expenses of publishing
the
personally contribute to the
debates was never
formally considered. The convention of 1847 performed its task in a day when party allegiance weighed heavily upon the voter
and
his representative.
The
delegates in this case had
been chosen primarily upon party extent
by complex
sectionalistic
some The most
lines altered to
forces.
fundamental force was the cleavage between the Democratic apostles of human rights and Whig championship of the rights of property. The Whigs trembled before the menace of "radicalism," of "Locofocoism;" the Democrats were kept in a state of terror by the incubus of "bankism" and its companion bogies. But sectional influences at times not only allayed these fears but even produced Whig "radicals" and Democratic "bankites."
The Whig
delegates went to the convention with a
it was their duty to "dull the edge of radicahsm, " to keep the new constitution from being made the "plaything of Locofocoism. "'^ From the very start radicalism seemed to show "its cloven foot in the proceedings of the dominant party," but the
strong conviction that
post, 75. Members frequently found it necessary to correct the newsSee note 3, page 20, note 9, page 48, note 17, page 89. As commented on omissions as follows: "He would also that there was no fear of his speeches being published; the reporters never state reported him. He had made no arrangements with them for that purpose." See post, 792. ^^ Chicago Daily Journal, April 22; cf. Belleville Advocate, June 3.
"See
paper accounts.
influential a delegate as Scates
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
xxii
Whigs were pleasantly surprised with the conservatism that revealed itself in a majority of the body." On points, too, Whigs could not but yield to the
many
democratic trend of the age. But on questions that permitted a party alignment they rallied their forces almost to a man.'*
The supreme test of strength between the convencame over the question of bank or no bank. The Democrats, who had for years been insisting that bank charters were "inconsistent with democracy or religion,"" who had sought to arouse the people against tion parties
renew "the miserable rag system by which they have already lost so much,"'" had raised this issue The Whigs, fearful of the in the convention election. "popular clamor" against banks, had evaded the
efforts to
question
except
in
their
own
strongholds."
election revealed not only a remarkable
showing
The
for the
Whig
candidates but even the election of a considerable group of "bank Democrats." The tendency of leading Democratic spokesmen to turn the "bank Democrats" over to the opposition,'* no doubt consolidated the pro-bank party and made it a conservative force by which other Whig propositions were carried. In organizing the convention the bank party had supported Newton Cloud, as favorable to banks under ^^ Chicago Daily Journal, June Alton Telegraph and Democratic Review, 14; The Telegraph actually forecast a constitution "that will be satisII, 25. factory to the people, and beneficial to the State." ^*Illinois State Register, July 31, August 6; Shawneetown Democrat, in Chicago Democrat, August 24. ^^ Chicago Democrat, January 26, 1846. ^^Joliet Democrat, in ihid., July 18, 1846. Chicago Daily Journal, March 18; Sangamo Journal, April 29; cf. Illinois
June
^''
State Register, July i. freely turn over to their aid every
""We
is
such a white blackbird)."
bank democrat
Chicago Democrat, April 6;
in the State (if there
cf. ibid.,
April 13.
INTRODUCTION
xxiii
proper restrictions, over Casey, a straight-out anti-bank So the bank issue was in the foreground from Lines were drawn between those in the very start. favor of a complete prohibition of banks and those willing to accept a properly safeguarded general banking system." On June 14, in spite of the fact that the convention had voted a regular order of procedure which made such action premature, anti-bank resolutions were introduced by Markley and Pratt and the rules suspended From this time the bank to permit their reference. question was almost daily before the convention, consuming a large share of its time and efforts. On fourteen days of the session it was the direct subject of debate and was almost as frequently linked with other questions that came up. On June 15, Hurlbut brought up a resolution in favor of the liberal New York system of banking. Opportunity was then afforded to take test votes which resulted in a rejection of both the New York system and the prohibition proposition.^") Only fifty-two Democrats and six Whigs from southern counties lined up for complete restriction; it was as much a case of northern Illinois versus Egypt as Whig versus Democrat. On June 11, Gregg of Cook County introduced resolutions to inquire into the expediency of a highly restrictive general banking law. The fight then centered on the question of absolute prohibition or a regulated system. The committee on incorporations finally brought in a majority report for restriction
man.
"According to an early canvass only one Whig, Davis of Bond, was for prohitwo Democratic members from Will, two from Morgan, two from Du
bition while
Page, one from Cook, and probably others were opposed to absolute prohibition. Chicago Daily Journal, June ii\ cf. Illinois State Register, June 19, 24. ''^Illinois State Register,
June
24, 25.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
xxiv
and a minority report
for prohibition.^^
half of August this question
was contested
In the
first
to a decision.
final result was an article prohibiting a state bank, but permitting the legislature to enact laws authorizing corporations or associations with banking powers provided that they should not go into effect until submitted to the popular vote.
The
The Whigs made
their first offensive
move
in pro-
posing a poll tax on June i6. They defended it on the basis that every class, and not merely the property holders, should bear a share of the public burdens. Democratic spokesmen exploded the assumption that non-property-holders did not contribute to the support of the state and condemned the tax as wrong in princiAfter a long discussion the poll tax proposition ple. was carried, io8 to 49, leaving the levy of the tax to the The Democratic support discretion of the legislature.
of this proposition came largely from southern Illinois. -^ The Democrats had always charged their opponents with nativism; the debates at the convention of 1847
showed that of truth.
this
charge was not without a foundation first suggested in the proposal that
This was
"no person except
a natural born citizen, or a citizen of
the United States at the time of the adoption of this constitution, shall be eligible to the office of Governor;"
Whigs generally took a stand in favor of this amendment requiring a fourteenyear residence period of naturalized citizens. The party line was even more sharply defined later when the the
provision or of Logan's
2'
Harvey presented the majority report and Kinney
Democrats.
the minority.
Both were
See poj/, 312-315.
Wead and Farwell objected to this "See Chicago Democrat, June 22. special burden upon residents of the state while non-residents " by whom the greater part of the land in our state was owned, paid none of it." See post, 622, 624.
INTRODUCTION suffrage question
came up and the Whigs
a citizenship quahfication for
all
xxv insisted
who should
The Democrats
future immigrate to lUinois.
upon
in
the
generally
defended the right of foreigners to a voice in elections but defection from their ranks enabled the Whigs to carry their point for what they considered a true Americanism. 23 In the matter of the veto power the Whigs won another victory. The Democrats had come to the convention with a strong determination to provide for an effective gubernatorial veto sufficiently guarded from abuse. In general they preferred that a veto should be overriden by nothing short of a two-thirds vote. The Democratic leaders eloquently expounded their position and cracked the whip to bring their followers Into line; but when the constitution took shape, the Whigs rejoiced in an arrangement which permitted the same majority which should have passed a law in the first instance, to enact it over the gubernatorial veto.
Most Whigs,
as well as
Democrats, had yielded
to
the democratic tendency toward a popular election of officials, toward even an elective judiciary. Largely for political reasons, which received strong
state
sectional reinforcement, they advocated the proposition
of having the supreme court consist of three judges
by the three respective sections of the
elected
The Democrats favored election
body
which would enable them
by
capitalizing
their
After a long verbal battle '^Illinois Stale Register,
207.
state.
the general ticket system of
it
to control the entire
numerical
superiority.
was agreed that the
state
July 27, 29, August 26; Journal of the Convention, 206,
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
xxvi
should be divided into three grand divisions and the qualified electors of each division should elect one of the judges for a period of nine years, with the proviso that after the first election the general assembly might
have the power "to provide by law for their election by the whole state, or by divisions," as it might deem expedient. This was clearly a compromise arrangement.
A lively skirmish took place over negro immigration A little corporal's guard of anti-slavery
into the state.
men went
to the convention
determined not only to
incorporate a slavery prohibition into the constitution
but also to remove any legal basis for acknowledging The Covenanters of Perry existence in other states. County and citizens of Randolph County encouraged them with petitions praying the abolition of all civil and political distinctions on account of color and the motion by Whitney of Boone County to strike out "white" in the resolution defining the franchise arrayed the seven champions of negro rights against the 137 other delegates. ^^ Next, Bond of Clinton County brought in a resolution in favor of an article prohibiting the immigration of free negroes into the state. This precipitated a heated debate with dramatic scenes. Again party lines broke down and northern delegates wrestled against the power of southern and central lUinois.^^ The committee on the Bill of Rights eventually brought in a its
section instructing the legislature
prohibit negro
immigration.
It
to enact laws
was
later
to
decided,
^Stepost, lojtf., 170 fF. 2^0n a test vote of eighty-seven to fifty-six, only eleven Democrats voted in the Only five votes came from delegates representing counties south of Morgan County. Journal of the Convention, 455-456. negative.
INTRODUCTION
'
xxvii
however, to make an independent article of the negro immigration restriction with provision for separate ratification. A numerous minority tried to secure the adoption of clauses prohibiting the extension of suffrage
and mulattoes, rendering them ineligible to and prohibiting the intermarriage of blacks and whites. It was pointed out, however, that this was an impHed admission of their possession of such rights as citizens of Illinois and of the United States and such clauses were accordingly omitted from the constito negroes
hold
office,
tution.
While the Illinois convention of 1 847 worked at its war was raging between the United States and the Mexican republic to the south. Abraham Lincoln in behalf of Illinois Whiggery, claimed that the war had been "unnecessarily and unconstitutionally commenced by the President." On July 11, 1847, the Reverend Albert Hale, pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Springfield, delivered two sermons in which he boldly proclaimed the injustice of the national cause and its tasks,
demoralizing effect upon the nation.
In the course of
remarks he was said to have stated that the volunteer, who was just then being welcomed back as a hero, had been transformed by the war into a "moral pest
his
to society."^^
Mr. Hale was one of the officiated in
local
clergymen who had
the convention at the opening prayers.
On
July 12, Akin of Franklin county denounced Hale's preaching before the convention and proposed that the clergyman "be excused from holding prayers in this
convention for the future."
The convention, however,
2«See post, 387; Illinois Slate Register, July 22.
xxviii
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
by an overwhelming vote adopted Akin's resolution.
a motion to table
A long debate followed:
the resolu-
was renewed, but John M. Palmer, a pro-war Democrat, moved a substitute declaring the principles of freedom of worship and freedom of speech and distion
claiming "all censorship over the pulpit, or the opinions expressed therefrom, inasmuch as such censorship is in violation of the rights of the Rev. gentleman.""
resolution virtually sustaining
The
Mr. Hale was barely
tabled (60-54), but the general declaration in favor of The principles involved was upheld (9-102).
the
convention then adjourned
in
order to proceed to
Jacksonville to participate in the ceremonies attendant
upon the funeral of Colonel Hardin, the Illinois war hero, in whose memory the delegates were, according to unanimous agreement, wearing crepe arm bands for a period of thirty days.
When Mr. Hale next appeared before the convention was "grossly insulted and menaced with bodily injury by a member of the convention." On July 2,0, therefore, it was agreed that "whereas, it to offer prayer he
is
alike
due
to the
Convention and the ministers that that duty unless
we should not invite them to perform we could secure them against such
indignities," the
custom of opening prayers should be discontinued, not "from any dissatisfaction with the manner in which they [the clergymen] have discharged their sacred duty, but solely from an unwillingness to subject them to a repetition of such indignities."
On rebuke '"
July 11, Hale's assailant was given a further in a debate over a resolution concerning the
Journal of the Convention, i68.
INTRODUCTION
xxix
which was defeated because it might have been interpreted as the result of a desire "to get rid of our chaplains and to procure others. "^^ On July 26 the resolution of July 20 was rescinded and the president was requested to provide for the opening of the morning session with prayer. By the middle of August the Whigs, with Democratic assistance, had carried every point upon which they had cared to make a stand. Democratic critics of orthodox stripe were completely disgusted. The correspondent of the Chicago Democrat suggested that the convention ought to be turned out "a la Cromwell:" election of a chaplain,
"The tive
truth
is,
to be of
the convention
much
use.
is
too horribly conserva-
Liberal principles stand no
True Republicanism is daily chance whatever. spurned and trampled under foot."-' There was also fear that the plan of apportionment for the senate endangered Democratic control of that body, if it did not actually turn it over to the Whigs.'" After the convention had finished its work, zealous Democratic champions became more and more convinced that the new constitution was "a mongrel Inasmuch, howaffair" likely to "make trouble."" ever, as 131 out of 138 members of the convention had given a final endorsement to the new constitution, few were willing to come out into a position of open hostilWhigs meantime proclaimed the document as ity. worthy of support because it was not a party constitu.
.
.
^See post, 487. ""Buena Vista" on August ii, in Chicago Democrat, August 24. See also "Beuna Vista" on August 6, in ibid., August 17; Shawneetown Democrat in ibid., August 24. ^Chicago Democrat, January 4, 1848. ^'Mark Skinner to Governor A. C. French, February 29, 1848, French papers; see also Koerner, Memoirs, 1 523-524. :
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
XXX
Everyone agreed that many of
tion.
its
provisions
were a decided improvement upon the old constitution,
and
made it risky to reject a document wrought much expense to the state. To the average voter
this
at so
the strict regard for tion
economy displayed by
was an important factor
the conven-
in attracting his support.'^
In the ratification election on
March
6,
1848, the
was adopted by a vote of 60,585 to 15,903. The separate negro immigration clause was ratified, constitution
50,261
to
21,297.
The convention, confronting
the
huge indebtedness which spelled virtual bankruptcy for the state, had decided not only to practice economy but also to stabilize public credit. A two mill tax was therefore
agreed upon
with provision
for
separate
For this feature there was little enthusiasm although it was adopted, 41,349 to 30,945. Thus with a narrow gauge economy was linked a device which ratification.
later aided materially in the financial rehabilitation of Illinois. '^Bel/evilk Advocate,
January
20, 1848;
§iiincy JVhig, February 2, 1848.
INTRODUCTION
xxix
which was defeated because
election of a chaplain,
it
might have been interpreted as the result of a desire "to get rid of our chaplains and to procure others. "=^ On July 26 the resolution of July 20 was rescinded and the president was requested to provide for the opening of the morning session with prayer. By the middle of August the Whigs, with Democratic assistance, had carried every point upon which they had cared to make a stand. Democratic critics of orthodox stripe were completely disgusted. The correspondent of the Chicago Democrat suggested that the convention ought to be turned out "a la Cromwell:"
"The tive
truth
is,
to be of
the convention
much
is
too horribly conserva-
Liberal principles stand no
use.
chance whatever. True Republicanism is daily spurned and trampled under foot."29 There was also fear that the plan of apportionment for the senate endangered Democratic control of that body, if it did not actually turn it over to the Whigs.^" After the convention had finished its work, zealous Democratic champions became more and more convinced that the new constitution was "a mongrel affair" likely to "make trouble."" Inasmuch, however, as 131 out of 138 members of the convention had given a final endorsement to the new constitution, few were willing to come out into a position of open hostility. Whigs meantime proclaimed the document as worthy of support because it was not a party constitu.
.
^Seepoi/, 487. ^'"Buena Vista" on August
"Beuna Vista" on August August
.
ii, in
6, in ibid.,
Chicago Democrat, August 24.
August
17;
Shawneetown Democrat
See also in ibid.,
24.
^"Chicago Democrat, Jajiuary 4, 1848.
^'Mark Skinner see also Koerner,
to Governor A. C. French, February Memoirs, i 523-524. :
29, 1848,
French papers;
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
XXX
Everyone agreed that many of its provisions were a decided improvement upon the old constitution, and this made it risky to reject a document wrought tion.
at so
much expense
the strict regard for tion
to the state.
To
the average voter
economy displayed by
was an important factor
the conven-
in attracting his support.'^
In the ratification election on March 6, 1848, the was adopted by a vote of 60,585 to 15,903.
constitution
The
separate negro immigration clause was ratified,
50,261
to
21,297.
The convention, confronting
the
huge indebtedness which spelled virtual bankruptcy for the state, had decided not only to practice economy but also to stabilize public credit. A two mill tax was therefore agreed upon with provision for separate For this feature there was little enthusratification. iasm although it was adopted, 41,349 to 30,945. Thus with a narrow gauge economy was linked a device which later aided materially in the financial rehabilitation of Illinois. ''^Belleville
Advocate, January 20, 1848; putney Whig, February
2,
1848.
I.
MONDAY, JUNE
7,
1847
In pursuance of the provisions of the act of the General
Assembly, approved Feb. 20, 1847, entitled "An act to provide for the call of a Convention," the delegates to said Convention, chosen under said act, assembled this day in the hall of the House of Representatives, in the state house at Springfield, at 3 o'clock, p.
M.
Mr. SHERMAN called the Convention to order,i and moved that Zadoc Casey be appointed President pro tern.; which motion was unanimously adopted. On motion of Mr. SCATES, Louis M. Booth was appointed Secretary pro tern., and J. A. Wilson, doorkeeper pro tern. On motion of Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. Cline was appointed assistant door-keeper pro tern.
Mr.
THOMPSON
moved
names of the members be
that the
called.
Mr.
SCATES
suggested the propriety of having a magistrate
to adminster the oath to the
The
CHAIR
members.
suggested that no oath was necessary; and he
further suggested that, as the Secretary called the
members by
counties, they present their credentials.
On motion of Mr. DEMENT, Mr. was appointed Assistant Secretary pro The
Secretary then called over the
names were
Moore
of Gallatin county
tern.
list
of delegates, who, as their
called, presented their certificates of election; after
which they were again called, alphabetically, and the Chair announced that there were one hundred and fifty-four delegates in attendance.
Mr.
SCATES
offered the following resolution:
That each delegate of this Convention, before prothe transaction of any business, take an oath to support
Resolved,
ceeding to
the Constitution of the United States. ' Biographical sketches of the members and officers of the constitutional convention will be found in the biographical appendix.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
2
In offering the above, Mr. S. said, he was aware that the powers of this Convention are elementary, and that the members were not under any obligation to take an oath; yet, while there was no form of an oath prescribed for the members, he hoped they would take this one. There was ao apparent propriety in the oath, as no form of government they could adopt would be valid unless it corresponded with the constitution of the United States. Mr. THOMAS was not satisfied with the oath proposed to the Convention by the gentleman from Jefferson. Where was the necessity for any oath? This Convention represented the sovereignty of the state of Illinois. Its members were not responsible No punishto any power for the violation of the oath, if taken. ment could be awarded for a breach of it. He would remind the gentleman that there were constitutions adopted in other states before the United States had a constitution, and, therefore, he could see no obligation to swear to support the constitution This was his present view, but if the of the United States. gentleman could satisfy him that it was proper, he would vote
—
for
it.
Mr.
MINSHALL
would seem a manifest proit might be said, would impose no additional obligation, still could work no injury. Further, that as no form of government could be established by this Convention that would differ in character from that of the constitution of the United States, it appeared to him quite proper, though perhaps not necessary, to take an oath to support the constitution of the United States. He, however, would move, as an amendment to the resolution, the following, to be added thereto: "and to faithfully discharge the duties of their office as delegates of this Convention, for the purpose of revising and amending the constitution of the state of Illinois." The amendment having been agreed to, the question was put on the resolution, as amended, and decided in the affirmative. Mr. DAWSON moved that William Lavely, esq., be called said that there
priety in taking an oath which, although
within the bar to administer the oath.
Mr. LOGAN said, that for the purpose of economizing time, he hoped that the oath would be administered to the body collectively; which mode would save considerable time, and could be
MONDAY, JUNE
7,
1847
3
performed by the members without leaving their seats, simply by He made a motion to that effect. raising the hand. Mr. SCATES hoped the oath would be administered, if done at all, in a more dignified manner than that suggested by the member from Sangamon. The plan suggested might save a few moments' time, but would not comport with the proper dignity
which should accompany the administration of an oath. It reminded him of the manner in which the oath of allegiance was administered by the conquerers of New Mexico. Mr. LOGAN then moved a division of the question; which was lost. The members then were called to the desk by the Secretary, ten at a time, and the oath, as adopted, was administered to them by Wm. Lavely, esq. Mr. SERVANT moved that the Convention adjourn. Negatived yeas (,2, nays 92. Mr. BOND offered the following resolution: Resolved, That we will now proceed to organize this Convention, by electing a President, one Secretary, and one Sergeant-at-arms, and that no other officers shall be constituted or appointed until it becomes necessary, in the opinion of the President and principal Secretary, to employ some competent person to assist the Secretary in the discharge of his duties; when the Secretary may employ a competent assistant, to whom shall be paid the sum of two dollars per day, while necessarily employed; Provided, the Sergeant-at-arms may, in his discretion, employ some able-bodied person to assist
—
him
in discharging his duties, to
whom
sum
there shall be paid a
of one dollar per day, for each day necessarily employed; and he
may employ two active, orderly, and competent boys as messengers, &c.,
who
shall
each be paid the sum of
fifty
cents per
day
for the
time employed. In offering this resolution, he had but a few words to say. He intended no speech in support of it. If not all, many of us came here for purposes of economy, retrenchment, and reform. proposition at this season can carry out that purpose. at this season of the year dispense with
Convention
is
many
This
We
officers; for after
organized, the Secretary alone can perform
all
can the the
— ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
4
We
duties of the office. there
is
no necessity
need, at least
I
think, but one Secretary;
The resolution, however, when his services are required. mass of business, nor the great amount of for
an assistant.
provides for the employment of pne
—There
is
not the
copying to be done, as
is
the case at a meeting of the Legislature.
The Sergeant-at-arms, when he
required assistance, was ememploy it, at two dollars per day. The resolution he understood would meet with entire approbation. The boys provided for by the resolution can easily be procured here, at the rate
powered
fixed
—
to
fifty
The
cents a day.
resolution,
upon a
division,
was adopted.
Under
it,
the
Chair announced the next business to be the election of a President of the Convention, and suggested that the mode of electing him
was as the Convention would direct. Mr. WILLIAMS reminded the Chair that the act of the Legislature providing for a should be chosen by ballot.
call
of a Convention, directed that he
We might, it is
true, repeal the direc-
was repealed, he considered that we should conform to it. He moved that they proceed to elect by ballot. The reading of the law was called for, and the Secretary read tion,
but until
it
the 5th section of the act providing for a call of the Convention.
The motion was then put and carried. The Chair appointed Messrs. Logan, Scates, and Dunlap, and they, having received the ballots of the members, and counted them, reported as follows: For Newton Cloud, 84; Zadoc Casey, 65; Archibald Williams, a; Cyrus Edwards, 2. Whereupon, the Chair announced that Newton Cloud, esq., had been elected President of the Convention, and requested Messrs. Thompson and Hay to conduct him to the chair. tellers;
Upon
taking the chair, the President said
Gentlemen of the Convention: It is but proper, on entering upon the duty assigned me by the choice just made, that I should return you my'most sincere thanks for the honor you have conferred. I
enter~upon the discharge of the duties of President of this I feel that I have a
Convention|with^much*embarrassment, for difficult and important duty assigned me.
.
MONDAY, JUNE I
can only promise that
my
7,
1847
5
best efforts shall be
charge that duty faithfully and impartially, and that
made all
to dis-
the
little
devoted to the despatch and furtherI will not allude, however remotely, to the great objects upon which we have been called to act, but will conclude by returning you again my sincere thanks for the honor you have conferred on me. ability that I possess shall be
ance of the public business.
Mr.
DAVIS
of
McLean moved
to proceed to the election of a
Secretary by acclamation.
Mr. I
THOMAS. We
are not
all
in favor
of the same man.
object.
Mr. DAVIS. I, then, move to vote which motion was adopted. Mr.
Mr.
for Secretary viva voce;
WILLIAMS nominated Mr. Burt of Quincy. BALLINGALL nominated H. W. Moore of Gallatin
and
the Convention proceeded to vote for Secretary.
Mr. MooRE received 91 votes; Mr. Burt, 59; scattering, i; and Mr. Moore was declared elected. Mr. ALLEN nominated, for Sergeant-at-arms, Mr. J. A. Wilson. Mr. CONSTABLE moved that Mr. Wilson be elected by acclamation, and, after some debate, withdrew the motion. The Convention divided on the nomination, and Mr. Wilson was declared elected, he receiving 99 votes. Mr. THOMAS moved the Convention adjourn. Lost yeas 53, nays not counted. Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess moved that the Convention
—
proceed to the election of a printer.
Mr. LOGAN moved to lay this motion on the table, to enable him to offer a resolution in relation to the selection of a printer; which motion was carried. Mr. LOGAN then offered the following resolution: Resolved, That the printing of this Convention shall be let to the lowest responsible and capable bidder. Mr. EDWARDS of Sangamon offered, as a substitute: "That a committee of five be appointed by the President to receive proposals for the printing of the proceedings of the Convention,
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
6
and that they be directed to contract with the lowest responsible and report at as early a day as practicable. Mr. SHERMAN asked, are we not getting along a little too
bidder,
fast
with this resolution?
The law provides
that
we
shall elect
a printer, and that law fixes the price to be paid, with which the
Convention has nothing to do. Mr. LOGAN said that, waiving
for the present a discussion of
the right of the Legislature to limit this Convention, look at the
proposition in another way.
persons
who may
receive the bids of
all
desire to perform this work, with the rates, &c.,
compare them with the
rates allowed the public printer,
can we not elect that one
Mr.
Can we not
DEMENT
rose,
who
will
do
it
and then
the cheapest?
not for the purpose, particularly, of
opposing the resolution, but to inquire of some of the members of the last Assembly
pensation as
is
how
far the words, "shall receive the
same com-
allowed by the present Assembly," have effect
upon this resolution. He did not intend to argue whether we have the power to go beyond the law, but how far, inasmuch as we had obeyed the restriction of the law in one case, the election of President by ballot, we should still go with that law. As soon as we had chosen the President by the mode prescribed in this law, we then, when the law requires no form of election, dispose of the others in the most summary manner. This was conceded by gentlemen
for the
purpose of conforming to the act of the Legis-
and he apprehended that the resolution now offered did come in conflict with those words of the act in relation to the printer, where it says "he shall receive the same compensation as the same officer receives from the present General Assembly." He moved to lay the resolution on the table, but withdrew it, at the lature;
request of
Mr. SCATES, who
said that the act of the Legislature provided
a compensation to be allowed for printing for the Convention.
what should be the officers of this Convention had been passed without debate; and he disliked to see resolutions spread on the record appropriating money without
The
resolution stating
authority.
very
much
Where have you the power to do so? He doubted the members of the Convention could get paid for
if
their services unless the Legislature
had provided and appropriated
MONDAY, JUNE means
7,
1847
7
The constitution of the state expressly states how and by whom money shall be appropriated. The Legislature has fixed our pay; we can take less, but no more. The Legislature has provided a printer for us, and fixed his the
for that purpose.
compensation, and states that he shall be elected by the Convention.
The
resolution
now
before us confers the
of this body to give the printing.
power upon
We may receive
five
members
the services of
the printer, under that contract, but can we,appropriate the
money
pay for it? He disliked to do things where the power to act was of a doubtful character. He would like the resolution already passed, changing the pay of the door-keepers, rescinded, and the present one laid on the table. He moved to lay the resolution to
on the
table.
Mr. LOGAN demanded the yeas and nays; which were ordered and taken, and the resolution was laid on the table yeas 82,
—
nays 70.
Mr.
CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess renewed his motion
to proceed
to the election of a printer.
Mr. WILLIAMS stated that one reason why the resolution of Mr. Logan had been laid on the table, was to enable members to reflect on the matter. He was for economy; and if there was any person willing to do the work cheaper than another, he desired to He moved to lay Mr. C.'s motion on the table; give it to him. which was carried. Mr. EDWARDS moved that a committee of five be appointed to prepare and report rules and regulations for the government of this
Convention.
A motion
Agreed
to.
government of the ConvenHouse of Representatives, was laid on
to adopt, for the present
tion, the rules of the last
the table.
Mr.
EDWARDS
of Madison offered the following resolution;
which was adopted: Resolved,
That
the Secretary be directed to call
upon the
clergy of the different denominations in the city, and to solicit
an arrangement among them for opening every morning, by prayer, the meetings of the Convention.
Mr. BALLINGALL offered the following resolution; which was adopted:
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
8
Resohedy That the Secretary prepare ballots, properly
nummembers of the Convention, and that the members proceed thereafter to draw the ballots for their respective bered, for seats for the
seats.
Mr. PALMER of Macoupin offered the following resolution; which was adopted: Resolved, That the editors and reporters of the newspapers published in this state be allowed seats within the bar of this hall. On motion, the Convention adjourned till to-morrow, at lo o'clock, A. M.
TUESDAY, JUNE
II.
1847
8,
After an appropriate prayer by the Rev. Mr. Barger^ of
Convention resumed its deliberations. Pursuant to the resolution adopted yesterday, the members proceeded to draw the ballots for their respective seats in the hall. Mr. offered the following resolution; which was Springfield, the
BROCKMAN
adopted: Resolved,
That
for the
comfort and convenience of the members
of this Convention, the Sergeant-at-arms be instructed to have
removed the railings from the hall, and to place the seats of members further back towards the corner of the hall. Mr. WEAD offered the following: Ordered, That so much of the resolution of the member from Clinton, offered yesterday, as provides for limiting the
and pay of
officers
number
of this Convention, be rescinded.
In offering this resolution,
Mr. W.
opinion that the resolution which
it
said,
that he was of the
proposed to rescind
in part,
had been introduced and passed yesterday without the members having had time for consultation, and without their being apprised of its effect. That resolution, if he understood it properly, limited the number of officers of the Convention, and fixed their salaries at a price below the rate provided for in the act of the Legislature. True, it allowed the employment of an assistant Secretary and an assistant Sergeant-at-arms. He thought it most imprudent thus to limit, by resolution, the officers of the Convention, when that Convention were the proper judges of what officers they required. The Convention would require the services of two Sergeants-at-arms; one cannot do all the work, for his services would always be required within the hall, while another would be required to go elsewhere, and perform duties beyond the hall. I object to our granting the Secretary power to
—
'
600.
S. Bargar, pastor of First Methodist Episcopal Church of Inter-State Publishing Company, History of Sangamon County,
Probably John
Springfield.
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
lo
name
a deputy
when he
shall
deem it necessary. That right The saving proposed by this
belongs to this Convention only. resolution
is
but a small matter; the people of the state of
Illinois
—
do not require such economy the cutting down of the salaries of two small officers. Our object is other than a legislative one; it is to revise the constitution of the state of Illinois, and not to fix the compensation of her officers. We may place in the constitution that the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms, hereafter to be appointed, shall not receive beyond the sums provided in the resolution, but can we, by a mere resolution, enact a law? But
—
the resolution does not intend that
the constitution
we came here
it
shall
to revise
be incorporated into
and adopt; and
is it
any
part of our duty to meddle with the pay they shall receive?
pay them, or fix the sum that they should receive at what amount it pleased; it might appropriate them nothing if it pleased, for it was a matter entirely with that
The
Legislature might
body.
might be placed in the This resolution contemplates no such thing; it has reference merely to the officers whom we shall employ, and for the payment of whose services the Legislature has already It
had been
said that this provision
constitution, but
how?
made an appropriation. By what reason, right, or justice, then, can we fix the amount of their pay? or do they think that the people Is it economy for members require such economy to reduce the pay of officers who will have
—
to labor the whole
day
—
in the faithful discharge of their duties to
earn one dollar per day, when we take four for ourselves.
The
saving contemplated would reduce the taxes but
is
little;
it
a
matter the people are not looking at. I hope the Convention will not rise until it has reduced the expenses of from over |2oo,ooo per annum to something less than one hundred thousand dollars. Let them but pursue a course to effect that object, and not commence on this matter. Let them reduce the tax below sixty-five per cent, on personal property; let them reduce the county taxes, of which but
little is
used for county purposes, and
let
these small
officers alone.
He
considered that the resolution had been passed without
being understood by the members of the Convention, and he
— TUESDAY, JUNE regretted
8,
1847
11
for he considered that it frequently took longer to
it;
undo a wrong
action
than to defeat or avoid
it
in
the
first
instance.
Mr. BOND said that he had offered the resolution, and it was only because it had been offered by him that he rose to say a few words in reply to what had fallen from the member from Fulton. That it had not been discussed was very true, but he did not think that there was any discussion necessary upon it; it bore on its face in the very words of it was expressed the great
—
objects of
We
its
introduction
have come here
—retrenchment and reform.
purpose of retrenching and reforming the expenses of our government, and he did not think of
coming here
for the
to carry out one thing
thought straws showed which
economy
in all
way
and do, in fact, another. He He was for the wind blew.
proceedings of the Convention, and would show
his sincerity if the
gentleman would introduce any proposition
reduce the pay of members, he would vote for
it.
The
to
resolution
had not been intruded upon the Convention: it had been offered in good faith, and he believed it ought to meet the approbation of the Convention. He asked, who, when the constitution under which we now live had been adopted in the first instance, had fixed the pay of members? The Legislature telling this Convention what to do, is like the preacher telling God what is right. He was confident the resolution was not understood: it did not interfere with the pay of the Secretary or Sergeant-at-arms they still receive the pay allowed them by the Legislature; but it only prescribes what shall be paid to their assistants, whom they are authorized to employ when their services are required. He had experience in the duties of Secretary of legislative bodies, and he was convinced that one person could perform all the duties of that office for this Convention. There was not that mass of copying, nor that interminable labor to be performed as in the Legislature. Also, one Sergeant-at-arms could perform the work of that office; but if not, the resolution allowed him to employ an assistant, at one dollar per day and plenty could be procured to do the work at that rate; even here they could be procured, as well as by searching from the southern border to the most northern counties for men, who were to be brought here to fill these offices
—
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
12
especially reserved for them.
No fires were to
[be] built; various other
by the Sergeant-at-arms could be dispensed with. Nor would that officer have to go round looking up the members of the Convention, as was often the case in the Legislature. He hoped the gentleman from Fulton would aid in duties usually performed
reforming the constitutional expenses of the government.
Let
him come forward with his proposition to lower the salaries of all, and he (Mr. B.) would vote as low as the gentleman from Fulton dare.
He would like to reply to some of the logic of the gentleman from Jefferson (Mr. Scates,) if he really knew what kind of logic it was that he had used yesterday. He (Mr. B.) had read none, and he was disposed to inquire of Mr. S. what kind he had read. He had understood the gentleman from Jefferson to say that we could reduce the pay of the members, but not of the officers of the Convention. Mr. SCATES. I did not say that we could reduce the pay of the members; the gentleman did not understand me. Mr. BOND resumed, by stating that he had misunderstood the gentleman. He had occupied more time than he had intended when he commenced. The resolution was intended only to govern the present officers of the Convention; and a more proper time would arrive for the discussion. A committee had been appointed to prepare and report rules and regulations for the Convention, and they will no doubt report what officers are necessary. When they did so, then would be the proper time for the discussion of this question.
Mr. order.
MINSHALL
asked,
if
the resolution to rescind was in
Would not the proper way be
to
move
to reconsider?
The
CHAIR
Mr.
WEAD said, that it had been insinuated in the remarks of
ruled that the resolution to rescind was in order.
the gentleman that he had argued that this resolution had been intruded upon the Convention. He had said no such thing; nor would any language used by him justify such a construction. He had said, however, that it had been passed without the members having had time for reflection. He could not see any reason why the Convention should not rescind the resolution of yesterday.
We had been sent here for
the purpose of retrenchment and reform
TUESDAY, JUNE of the evils of the old constitution.
8,
1847
Was one
13
of the evils of that
constitution an allowance of four dollars to our Sergeant-at-arms?
We
save,
by
this resolution, four dollars a
day
the
in
pay of
Did the people require this of but he was satisfied that they were willing
Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms. us, he
that
would vote
for
it;
we should allow them liberally for their services. Mr. W. willing as Mr. B. to reduce the county expenses by every
was as means
in their power, from over $650,000 to less than $300,000. He was not familiar with the duties of Secretary, but judging from the vast amount of business yesterday, he considered that Gentlemen should it was impossible for one to do it alone. remember that this is the largest body ever convened in Illinois, and that more officers were required than in any other that has met before.— He considered the doctrine, that we had a right to fix the pay of members or officers otherwise than as directed by
That we by engrafting a
the act of the Legislature, as perfectly preposterous.
had the
right to regulate future officers' salary,
direction in the constitution, their
pay by
was perfectly right, but to regulate Convention was out of the
a simple resolution of the
question.
Mr.
BOND
read a portion of Mr. Scates' remarks, of yester-
day, as reported in the Register, as going to establish that he was
not alone in his understanding of Mr.
S.'s
remarks; to which
Mr. SCATES briefly replied. Mr. LOGAN said there was nothing in the question itself, as to what pay should be allowed the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms that was worthy of the consumption of the time of the Convention; but there was the same principle in it which affected a large class of other questions of more importance, and which should be settled. Gentlemen, he had observed, in his experience, were never able to find the starting point where retrenchment should commence. All economy, he always found, was commenced in small matters. You may look around in vain for a large one; whenever you raise your arm to strike, why the answer comes, "that is a small matter, let it alone." We must make one strong blow. Now is the time. The subject is not, it is true, a large one, but we must commence. I am in favor of commencing now, because of the peculiar circumstances in which the people of Illinois are situated.
I
am
in favor
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
14
of meeting that situation and carrying the work of retrenchment
throughout
all its
Our
ramifications.
state
is
loaded with a heavy
debt, under which the people and their property are groaning.
people call on us to save, in the expenses of their government, not hundreds, but thousands. Speak not to them of liberality Liberality ceases to till our state is in different circumstances.
The
Whenever we are obliged it postpones justice! upon the country too heavy for the proper support of the government of that country, I am for striking at the root of reducing them. An enormous debt is all unnecessary salaries overhanging us. We are taxed to the full measure which the people can endure. We must pay the large debt we owe, and which is fast becoming a burden not only upon us, but will be on those who shall follow us. Our creditors are demanding payment be a virtue when to lay a tax
—
of our debts; can
we
talk of liberality?
Liberality
Were
with the present situation of the country.
is
incompatible
the whole people
gathered here, they would have no right to give salaries beyond what is strictly necessary. I am for saving every dollar that can be saved.
It
is
necessary that proper officers should be chosen
and paid to perform the functions of government; and I am willing to pay in every department only just sufficient to procure the It is not proposed to reduce the pay of the services of such men. principal secretary, and he is allowed to employ an assistant when his services are necessary.
be supernumary
[sic].
At
a greater press of business
One will be sufficient, another would commencement there was of course
the
— of resolutions;
after
we
sions
upon the great questions
will
have committees
greater part of the time.
that
is all
Here-
over.
to prepare the business.
Discus-
commence and occupy the The question of a bank will come up will
and be discussed; there will be no bills, no petitions, no local We will have but little use of the Secretary, and less of his assistant. The resolution contemplates the employment of an able-bodied assistant and two boys what do you want with more of them? Two boys can receive the propositions of 162 members as fast as they can be presented. We should give
legislation.
—
salaries only sufficient to procure the services.
them at the prices you can. I want
contained, in the resolution? this
Can we procure
My
word
for it
to be a precedent for everything else.
TUESDAY, JUNE There
is
8,
1847
15
a section in the constitution of Vermont, which sets forth
that every man should have some profession and mode of life, and should do everything in his power to aid the government; that when his assistance to the government works injury to him in his business,
he should be remunerated; but when the salaries
of officers are used as a source of profit, that then they should be cut
down and
govern
reduced.
If this
Are not these
us.
is
offices
a correct principle it should sought for profit? The very
—
and desiring them proves
it, not to speak of their electioneering. I could scarcely get along the street with the constant applications, and I cannot comprehend how my democratic friends survive it at all. If we can get persons to do the work, that is evidence that the prices are high enough. If we cannot, why then we can raise them.
fact of the applicants seeking
My which
constituents desire the
most
rigid
economy
in all things,
I am not for come, or until Let us begin and
enable them to pay off their just debts.
will
stopping here, but for continuing
—
it
for all time to
Now is the time. are relieved from debt. apply the principle to ourselves and our officers; let it operate now. There is no use in procrastinating. We have been insolvent long enough; we have delayed payment of our just debts long enough. Apply all you can save to the liquidation of the state
we
—
debt.
The next question was the power of this Convention. An oath to support the constitution of the United States had been proposed and taken, because we can do nothing in contravention of that instrument, us.
Where
is
the treasury?
and because there was no other power
to limit
the limitation of the power of this Convention over
Point
it
out.
Mr. WEAD explained. Mr. LOGAN resumed. It was said yesterday that we could draw no money from the treasury because the constitution pointed out the manner in which it should be done. I differ in opinion on this matter. We have the power to prescribe the powers and duties and salaries of all officers. Can we not fix in the constitution that
money The
principles?
shall
be paid from the treasury only on general
Legislature has appropriated the
money
to
pay
us and our officers; to be paid on the certificate of the President.
6
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
1
Can we not say that our officers shall not draw the money? Can we not, by resolution, control the certificate of the President? Have we no power, except what is expressed in the act? Does that give us the power to make rules and regulations for our government? It does not, yet we have appointed a committee to report such rules, and we will adopt them. This resolution
is
right in
itself.
It advertises the
men em-
ployed what they shall receive. If we are sincere in our professions of economy, don't let us differ as to the mode, the how, or where, let us preserve the principle, and carry it out at all times. Let the gentleman who proposes to rescind propose his plan to economize, and I shall not be found wanting. Is there anything said in the act that we shall not amend the constitution by a resolution? Not a word. There are many things to be done in this constitution which are but temporary provisions. In our present constitution, the judges of the supreme court were to receive $i,ooo a year, for a certain time, payable quarterly. The Convention that formed that constitution made this appropria-
but
tion, and no Legislature could repeal it. We may district the state next Legislature, and make many other alterations of a temporary character. I don't care for the form for the mere saving of a few dollars; but I contend for it as a principle, and intend it as a precedent. But when the state is in debt, and there are, in those countries now visited by famine, many widows and orphans who hold our bonds, and are undergoing the utmost privations because the interest of our debt is not paid, I say again, this is not time for liberality. Mr. BALLINGALL moved that the Convention adjourn till
for the
—
the afternoon, at 3 o'clock.
Carried.
AFTERNOON Mr.
HARVEY
moved
to
strike
"resolved," in the motion of Mr.
members and
officers
all
after
the
moved
to
word
insert "that the
of this Convention shall receive the
I2.50 per day, each." Mr. of Marshall
PALMER
out
Wead, and
amend
sum of
the proposed
amendment, by striking out the words "and fifty cents." Mr. DEMENT rose to offer an amendment: but the Chair
TUESDAY, JUNE ruled
it
8,
1847
17
out of order, there being an amendment to an amendment He then stated that he did not believe, nor did he
pending.
member believed, that any resolution of this body could prevent the members, or such of them as would it, from receiving the sum of four dollars per day as He denied the position assumed by the fixed by the Legislature. gentleman from Sangamon (Mr. Logan,) that the acts of this Convention would be paramount to any law of the land, until it had been approved and ratified by the people in the manner preIn case, asked Mr. D., we did make an scribed by the law. enactment, where would be its power or its force, or its binding obligation on any one, if the constitution we shall adopt is rejected by the people? It appeared to him that the powers of this Convention had been narrowed down to a mere power to propose amendments, or a substitute for the present constitution of the state; and what we may do may pass as a dead letter from our hands, and be received with the contempt of the whole people. He had heard much talk about economy; and the gentlemen who had made speeches on that subject might have spoken in all sincerity, or it might be to add to their already well established reputations for eloquence and speech-making. He was of opinion that the Convention could appropriate no money, unless the clause making the appropriation is made a component part of the constitution; nor could the money thus appropriated be drawn from the treasury until the constitution containing the appropriation had been approved and ratified by It was proposed by this resolution to pay the Secrethe people. tary four dollars per day, under the law, and the assistant but two dollars. He was satisfied that we could not alter the salaries of our officers from the sum fixed by the Legislature, without making that resolution, or proposition containing this alteration, a component part of the constitution, and submitting it to the people Our mere enactment has no force whatever. for their ratification. Our constitution, if we can dignify it by such a name, will not be obligatory, in the least, on any one here or in the state, until it shall have been approved by the people. And he begged members not to encumber that instrument, which they had convened here think any other
demand
—
—
—
8
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
1
to frame, with these small and trifling sections, all of which would endanger the adoption of the constitution. He said, that upon all of the great and important subjects which would engage the deliberations of that body, they were familiar with the feelings,
sentiments, and opinions of their constituents, and were ready
and prepared to vote upon them; but upon these little questions, which had never been the subject of thought among the people, the members of the Convention could not say what were the sentiments of their constituents; and by voting for their incorporation with the constitution, they
we
not, then, better go
endangered
home and
its
adoption.
Had
leave these light and trivial
matters for future legislation, and not have these appendages,
upon which we know nothing of the sentiment of the people? Mr. D. then read, as a part of his speech, the proposed amendment that had been ruled out of order; it was to the effect that the members should contribute a portion of their pay, for the purpose of employing and paying the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms at He said there were one hundred the rate of four dollars per day. and sixty-two members present, who were drawing four dollars per day, and employed in a discussion upon the question whether our door-keeper shall receive two or four dollars a day, while that very discussion was a tax of two hundred dollars an hour upon the state. The gentlemen, in their zeal for economy, strike at the pay of these petty officers, who have no interest or responsibility other than to perform their duty and receive their pay; yet it was said that the mere reduction of their pay was to accomplish
— relieve
the state from all debt, feed the starving sufferand many other like brilliant acts. Now, he would remind them that, by dispensing with half an hour's debate upon this question, enough would be saved to pay
wonders
ers in Ireland,
the whole additional expense.
The
speeches of the gentlemen
and he would not be understood as meaning to say they were not well worth the money would, then, if dispensed with, pay the
—
whole expenses. He then proposed that the members should come forward and voluntarily surrender a respective share of their own pay, and But in case they were to have speeches give it to the door-keeper. he was willing to stake their own pay on the fact whether our
TUESDAY, JUNE
8,
1847
19
and was willing, if th people do not accept the work of this Convention, and return the constitution on our hands, that we take it, and not receive any other payment for our services. This would show our sincerity in speaking so much of economy. He hoped, therefore, that they would elect these officers, and a printer, and complete the organization of the Convention, and proceed with the business. Speech-making cost |ioo every thirty minutes; let us organize without further debate, and for the future economize both time and money. Mr. HAYES moved the previous question. actions meet the approval of the people;
Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess asked if the previous question was in order? We had adopted no rules. The CHAIR said it was in order. Mr. WILLIAMS rose to debate the propriety of taking the previous question.
Mr. BALLINGALL called to order; and a discussion ensued Mr. Williams* right to proceed.
as to
The
CHAIR
Mr. W.
decided in his favor.
he thought, when he came here today, we were ready to proceed with the business; that we were sufficiently organized to have started other important questions. But there were important questions involved in the present one, which he said, that
thought should be discussed to be settled at
some
now and
at once.
They would have
time.
Messrs. Palmer of Macoupin, Thomas, Loudon, and Logan continued the discussion on the propriety of taking the main question, a more detailed report of whose remarks we regret our inability,
Mr. Mr.
from want of room, to give in our present number.
HAYES DAVIS
then withdrew his of
Bond promised,
remarks, to do as others had done save the resolution before them.
had the power or
The present
call.
as he desired to present a few
—
to
speak of everything else
He did not think
right to appropriate
the Convention
money from
the treasury.
constitution of the state, which was the supreme law
of the land, gives the Legislature the power to call a Convention,
and under that constitutional power
this
Convention had been
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
20
He
apprehended that if the Convention had the power to in one case, they had the same power to do so manner in which money shall be appropriated; that constitution, and every law under it, is yet in full force. Suppose we make an appropriation and attach it to the constitution we shall frame, and that constitution is rejected people, by the what becomes of the appropriation? He understood the Legislature had power to call a Convention, and they had done so, and made provisions for its comfort and convenience by law. The constitution says, "no money shall be appropriated out of the treasury except by law." Can we ascend higher than If we can, I ask for the book, for the law the constitution? called.'
appropriate
in
all.
The
money
constitution directs the
—
and the precedent. I come here to effect the election of judges by the people, limiting the sessions of the Legislature to once in four years, and then for sixty days only, and for settling their per diem. I can't say we will do so, nor that the people will ratify what we really will propose to them. He asked again where was the authority for this Convention to make laws, or what act of theirs would be binding unless ratified by the people? When we formed our present constitution we were a territory, and the instances of appropriation spoken of by the gentleman from Sangamon were embodied in the constitution, and presumed an adoption thereof by the people. Mr. PALMER of Marshall, after some preliminary remarks, said he could not think any gentleman would deny the right of the members, under the present embarrassed state of affairs, to take but two dollars a day; and that our officers, who will be fully as patriotic, will follow our example and give their services for the same amount of compensation. He hoped the members would reduce their own pay. They could not reduce the pay of their officers, of the judges and all others, and then go home to their constituents with four dollars a day in their pockets. He had brought money with him to pay his board and all other expenses, and was willing to take but the two dollars. He was old, but hoped not to be laid in his grave till all our debts had been paid. Mr. P. followed the question at some length, but we not having room, must close our report of his speech for the present. '
See correction
made by Davis
in his speech
on Monday, June
14,
pp. 75-76.
TUESDAY, JUNE The
8,
1847
21
previous question was again moved, but withdrawn at
the request of
Mr. SCATES, who moved to lay the whole matter on the table, to enable the committee on Rules to report; which was agreed to. Mr. EDWARDS of Madison, from the committee for that purpose, reported a series of rules and regulations for the government of the Convention; which were read and adopted. Mr. SERVANT moved that 300 copies of the rules just adopted be printed. Mr. SCATES advocated a smaller number, but suggested that we had not yet chosen a printer, and therefore moved to lay the motion to print on the table. Carried yeas 73, nays 62. Mr. WILLIAMS, in order to give the President time to appoint the committees moved that the Convention adjourn till to-morrow, at 10 a. m. Carried yeas 79, nays 61.
—
—
;
III.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE
9,
1847
Prayer by Rev. Mr. Bergen.*
Messrs. Hurlbut and Choate, delegates appeared
this
to the Convention, morning, presented their credentials, and were
qualified.
The
Secretary then read the journal.
Mr.
DEMENT moved to admit within the bar of the Conven-
tion the
Governor of the State, Secretary of State, and Judges of and State Courts.
the United States
Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess moved to amend by adding "and all ex-officers of the state." Mr. KNOWLTON moved to add "and all officers and soldiers just returned from the Mexican war." Mr. DAVIS of McLean moved to add "and all members of Congress."
Mr. on the
WHITNEY moved table.
to lay the resolution
and amendments
Carried.
*Rev. John G. Bergen: born November 27, 1790, at Hightstown, Middlesex County, New Jersey; of Norwegian and Scotch descent; preliminary education at academies in Cranberry and Baskin Ridge; 1807, graduated from Princeton; March, 1810- September, 1812, tutor in Princeton; December, 1812, ordained as Presbyterian minister; December, 1812 September 10, 1828, pastor at Madison, New Jersey; September 22, 1828, left for Illinois, sent by the Home Board of the American Missionary Association; November, 1828, arrived in Springfield; December, 1828^December, 1848, first regular pastor of First Presbyterian Church of Springfield organized Second Presbyterian Church of Springfield, and a number of additional churches; December, 1848, resigned as pastor, devoting himself to writing for the press over the signature of "Old Man of the Prairies" and to missionary effort among feeble churches; several times commissioner to the general assembly of the Presbyterian church assisted in forming first presbytery and first synod in the state first moderator of each, and first moderator of the tmited synod; for many years a director of the Theological Seminary of the Northwest at Chicago; 1854, given degree of D. D. by Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; died January 17, 1872.
—
—
;
;
Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois; History of Sangamon County, 2: 862, 866; Power, History of the Early Settlers of SangaCounty, 114-116; Inter-State Pubhshing Company, History of Sangamon Chapman Brothers, Portrait and Biographical Album o' County, 515-519; Sangamon County, 294, 778. 22
mon
WEDNESDAY, JUNE Mr.
SINGLETON
9,
1847
23
offered a resolution stating the powers of
the Convention to be limited.
Mr.
ARCHER
offered the following
amendment:
Convention has assembled for the purpose of revising, altering, or amending the constitution of this state, and that the powers and duties of said Convention are limited, "Resolved,
That
this
after its proper organization, to such objects only.
"Resolved, That, with a view of entering
the duties assigned to said Convention, election of an assistant Secretary
upon the discharge of
we now proceed
to the
and assistant door-keeper and
printer, any resolution heretofore passed to the contrary notwith-
standing."
In offering the above, Mr. A. said, that he did so with a view of presenting his opinions upon the matter that had occupied the
—
Convention for the past day or two. In so doing he was very anxious to pay all respect to the opinions and views of those with whom he differed, and without reflecting in the least upon their motives or views. He held true economy to consist, in some measure, in the employment of the means sufficient to accomplish the end.
The
act of the Legislature has provided officers for this Con-
vention, to enable us to carry out the objects for which
we have
He
thought another Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms necessary; and if the Convention, from the want of either one of these officers, were detained a single day beyond the time they would otherwise have concluded their business, the expense
convened.
attendant on that delay would be far more than the additional officers. He was of opinion that the powers
expense of these
of the Convention were expressed correctly in his the resolution of the gentleman from Brown.
amendment
—The
to
question of
economy members
in the pay of the officers of the Convention, or of the thereof, formed no subject in the canvass in the county which he (Mr. A.) had the honor, in part, to represent. He contended that the Convention had no legislative powers; that in the way of economy he would go as far as any other in retrenching
the expenses of the state of Illinois. The original resolution submitted whether there should be a Convention, and the act calling the Convention contemplated no such purpose as that
we were
to
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
24
have
legislative
powers; and none other than to alter and revise Mr. A. would go with any of them in putting
the constitution.
down of
to the lowest rates, that
would command
talent, the salaries
all officers.
Mr. McCALLEN offered the following as an amendment to the amendment: Strike out "printer," and insert, "that the Secretary be instructed to receive sealed proposals at his desk,
Convenand that the President proceed at that hour to open said award the printing to the lowest responsible bidder." Mr. SCATES moved to lay the whole subject on the table. Mr. CONSTABLE appealed to him to withdraw his motion. Mr. SCATES declined. Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess hoped that it would be withdrawn, and that the vote by which the rules had been adopted would be reconsidered. The vote was then taken on laying the subject on the table, and decided in the affirmative yeas 72, nays 67. Mr. DAVIS of Bond submitted some amendments to the rules; to which Mr. LOGAN offered an amendment. Mr. PRATT offered an amendment to the amendment. Mr. WEAD moved to lay the resolution and amendments on the table; which was carried. Mr. ROBBINS offered two resolutions in relation to the number and selection of the standing and select committees, and advocated until lo o'clock, a. m., to-n;orrow, for the printing for this tion;
proposals, and
—
their adoption.
Mr. DEMENT opposed the resolutions. Mr. WEAD moved to lay them on the table, and print; afterwards withdrew the motion to print, and the resolutions were laid on the table. Mr. ARMSTRONG offered a resolution in relation to additional committees to be appointed. Laid on the table. Mr. DEMENT moved to take up the resolutions offered by Mr. Singleton, and the amendment; and, after debate, they were taken up.
Mr.
BROCKMAN
advocated the adoption of the amendment
of the gentleman from Pike to the resolution of the gentleman
WEDNESDAY, JUNE He
from Brown.
1847
9,
25
denied that the Convention had any legislative
powers; nor any power save that expressly granted by the Legislature.
The
Legislature had defined the pay for our officers, and
we had no power
to
change
it.
He was
for
retrenchment when-
He hoped they would immediately elect a secretary, a sergeant-at-arms, and a printer, which officers were necessary. He advocated a full and immediate organization of the Convention, and that it should at
ever that subject came properly before them.
once proceed to public business.
Mr.
SINGLETON
powers.
He
he had offered the resolution in Convention the true question its
said, that
order to bring before
the
—
thought the power of a Convention was merely to
propose alterations and amendments to the constitution, and that
had the right and the power to make the changes. had no power to change the law, but we had the power to propose the change, and the people to make the change. It was true that, to some extent, the people are here in their sovereign capacity, but it was only to inquire whether they should change the people
We
—
their law. The Legislature is just as sovereign as this Convention. This body is clearly bound by the act of the Legislature. The people are represented in that body as much, if not more, in their this. The people never intended these matters relative to the compensation of officers should come
sovereign capacity as in before us.
There was no power by which men are obliged to take
the four dollars per day,
when they think proper
to take less.
He
believed the Convention wanted an assistant secretary and another
sergeant-at-arms, and would vote for their election, and was willing to give
them the pay provided by
law.
He had
offered
the resolution for the purpose of bringing the true question before
had been no provision in the act of the pay of the members, the number and salary of had not been settled for us by the Legislature, he would then be able to discover the propriety of the discussion; but as all had been done by that body, he could see no propriety in it. As to the pay of the members, he was determined to take the four dollars a day, and no less; and would not be afraid to go before his constituents and tell them he had done so. the Convention.
If there
Legislature for the its officers;
if
these matters
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
26
On motion of Mr. CONSTABLE, the amendment proposed by Mr. McCallen was laid on the table yeas 87, nays 56.
—
The question Mr. LOGAN just
Mr. Archer's amendment; that he was inclined to take the vote
recurring on said,
as decisive of the intention of the Convention to choose
had
But the by the gentleman from Brown presents a which he considered a heresy in politics, and as there
the officers, and upon that subject would say no more. resolution principle
offered
were two propositions before them, he preferred the amendment If the Convention were to say that was bound to do as bid by the Legislature, it would establish a most dangerous precedent; and if they were obliged to follow the direction of the Legislature in any one case, they are bound to do so in all. The constitution says a Convention may be called "to amend, alter, and revise" not to propose amendments; alterations, and revisions. If the Legislature be right in saying the Convention has only the right to propose a constitution, they have the right to say what amendments, alterations, &c., shall be made. He considered it wrong in principle and bad as a precedent. If either of the propositions were to be passed, he preferred that of the gentleman from Pike. of the gentleman from Pike. it
—
—
Mr. SINGLETON contended that the Legislature had the power to regulate, to some extent, the manner in which the Convention should be organized, and to direct its government in all things that do not go to the proposed changes in the constitution. The present constitution gives the Legislature power to call a Convention, and the Legislature has provided for that call, and says we must come here, not with power to make changes, but to propose changes to be acted on by the people. They have no right to say to us what changes shall be made, but state in what manner they shall be made.
By
the constitution, the legislative powers of the state are
described to be vested in a House of Representatives and a Senate, who, together, shall constitute a General Assembly. Their powers are not limited, but they may exercise any power not expressly limited by the constitution of the state, the constitution of the United States, a law of Congress, or a treaty. Had they a right to say that the changes proposed by this Convention
WEDNESDAY, JUNE a direct vote on the matter.
If
1847
9,
27
had no right, I want they had, I am bound by what
should be submitted to the people?
If they
they have done.
This Convention has those necessary, natural, inherent powers of self-protection that
power but what
is
all
deliberative bodies possess; no other
derived from the Legislature, save the power
of self-defence.
Mr.
PETERS
said, that
he had and would continue to vote
against any and every proposition which would recognize any restriction of the
powers of
this
We
We
Convention.
are here the
what the people of the state would be if they were congregated here in one mass meeting. We are what Louis XIV said he was "We are the state." We can trample the constitution under our feet as waste paper, and no one can call us to an account save the people. A resolution had been passed by the Legislature presenting to the people the
sovereignty of the state.
are
—
question of a Convention or not.
If a majority of the people chose
a Convention, then the law directed the Legislature to call that
Convention, and then officers in their act,
its
functions ceased.
If they
had named no
could not this Convention have selected as
many
as they pleased ? If they had said we should have no officer but a President, could we not have gone on and elected a secretary
and what
officers
we thought necessary? We can change any we please. My proposition is that
organic law of this state that
we have its
the power to adopt a constitution which, from the
day of
passage by this body, will be the supreme organic law of this
without any reference to the people.
state,
course as that might not be advisable.
which
However, such a
— But there are many things
could not refer to the people, for instance, the council of revision, and that because we know the sentiments of the people I
on them already. I
for
am
for
economy.
home consumption.
But I
I
am
make no
speeches on the subject
for allowing the
body but two dollars a day. Here the Convention adjourned
til[l]
2, p.
m.
members of
this
— ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
28
AFTERNOON Mr.
DAVIS
of Massac
commenced by taking ground
against
the superiority of the powers of the Convention as against the
—
enactment of the Legislature the law-making power, established and recognized by the supreme organic law of the state yet in
He
reviewed the history of the act of the Legislature providing for a call of this Convention, and argued that it was both force.
—
constitutional and proper. As to economy though in favor of he scorned to consume the time of the house, so valuable, by making speeches about it. He had voted to lay the proposition
—
it
to let the printing out
—on the table, because,
in his opinion,
they
had convened there for nobler ends than debating about such trifles; they had convened to amend the organic law of the state, He so that it would conduce to their prosperity and happiness. understood the provision in the present constitution, relative to the salaries of judges, very differently from the gentleman from
Sangamon.
—The
provision was
made
in
the constitution that
they should receive a certain salary, but the Legislature of 1819
made
the appropriation whereby the pay, thus fixed and estab-
drawn from the treasury. and not of the provision in the That very same constitution, that the money was paid out. Legislature, sir, made an appropriation to pay the members of lished in the constitution, could be
And
it
was by virtue of
their act,
the Convention that framed the constitution; they fixed
it
at
The officers and others were also paid by the who made the appropriation for them all. Not a
four dollars a day. Legislature,
man
in that
convention of 1818, nor out of
it,
ever understood
draw any money under the provisions of the constitution, until the Legislature had made the necessary appropriation. He regretted, and it was universally regretted, that a gentleman gifted with such powers, and from whose experience and ability so much was justly expected, whose eminent talents should lead them and aid the Convention in its important duties, that they could
should have suffered himself to be led off into a discussion of He subjects so foreign to the matter before the Convention. alluded to the gentleman from Sangamon.
The gentleman who had made
the most strenuous and potent
— WEDNESDAY, JUNE argument against the law of been greatly misinformed,
1847
9,
29
he had not General Assembly, one of
this Legislature was, if
in the last
foremost and ablest supporters. If that law is wrong now, it was wrong then; and why did he support it then? He (Mr. D.) took a different view of this matter than that of gentlemen who, from friends and advocates of the law, had become its denouncers. Mr. SCATES offered an amendment that the Convention
its
—
should proceed to the election of a printer, assistant secretary, and door-keeper. He said this discussion had taken a wide range first it
was the employment of a door-keeper, then the question
of retrenchment, then the powers of the Convention.
—
—
He
wished,
had the same object economy in view, that they could see the means to accomplish it in the same light. There might be an economy of time as well as money. The question originally was to rescind; from which sprang the question of the powers of the Convention, and economy questions which however, as
all
—
did not belong to the original question. discussing this matter, they had
made
While gentlemen were
declarations and pledged
themselves to carry out the principle of economy in all things that should come before the Convention. When this came about he expected to be in the first rank; none should go higher and none lower in the scale of economy than he.
He
organization of the Convention as soon as to discuss this matter.
it
advised, then, an
could be affected,
any gentleman who might wish He questioned, doubted, and denied the
though he did not desire to cut
off
power of the members to bind themselves, or their ofiicers, or officers of the government, by any simple resolution of the body; because, if not embodied in the constitution, it was not and could not be a law therefore, it was not obligatory.
—
[We have no legislative powers. Resolutions appropriating money by dollars and half dollars is the administration of government which we have no power to do. Suppose we say in our constitution that a certain amount of money shall be paid our members and officers for their services, will it be any more than an inoperative, inchoate act, until our acts shall be confirmed by the people? Let the President of this Convention issue certificates to these men and boys for their services,
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
30 will the
Auditor, though he
pay any attention
to
it,
may
have our resolution on his table, pay what the law of the state
or refuse to
What an aspect would we present if these boys, receivmade by this Convention, and the chief officer of the State obeying the behests of the law, and setting at defiance the supreme constitution-making power, refuse to pay them but in the manner directed by the act of the Legislature! What remedy? It is true you might invoke the power of the courts of justice, obtain a mandamus to compel him, directs?
ing certificates under an appropriation
&c.
Here we are
—one
hundred and sixty-two members, gravely
driving half dollar bargains with messengers and boys.
To
at-
tempt to undo the act of the Legislature by our resolution is impossible. -We might as well go back and overhaul all legislation had under the constitution, as this very law. The gentlemen are disposed to make the compensation of these offices so low as to take away the inducement to seek the office. He was disposed to go as far as any; but he thought that the Convention could not Men sometimes fix the price so low but that men will seek it. seek office for the honor of it. The pay of the soldiers in the army and the post is not a very desirable one at is but $io per month that, yet we have witnessed the scramble that has taken place to get in the army; and there has been as much anxiety to get into the ranks as to get into the offices of this Convention. He hoped the Convention would now elect these officers and complete their
—
—
organization.
He ueism
much time had been spent in demagogmaking speeches for Buncome; in making speeches, upon the constituents of members and others, about
regretted that so [sic]; in
for effect
economy. In introducing ridiculous resolutions for this purpose, he had witnessed the same at almost every session of the LegislaIt had ture, and he asked why had they been introduced here? been shown that these speeches about economy of cutting down the Door-keeper's pay cost more than would pay all the officers of the Convention for their services. It was useless to continue thus, at an expense of over six hundred dollars a day -of one hundred an hour we should only have such discussion as would aid us in our schemes of retrenchment, as much as we pay for it.
—
—
—
— WEDNESDAY, JUNE He who rests the
This
is
first
threw
extravagance
not the place to
stractions like those
31
on
his
head
who first introduced this useless matter. make a flourish nor is it a place for ab-
—
on your desk.
CAMPBELL
1847
this gauntlet is responsible;
they are but abstractions,
Mr.
9,
why
I
cannot subscribe to them;
introduce and discuss them here ?]^
of Jo Daviess said, that as there was
some
disposition to close the discussion, he would take the present opportunity of expressing his views in relation to the matter under discussion before the Convention, and he deemed that he was not doing more than he had a right to do. Those who complained so
much
of the great consumption of time,
its
cost
should remember that they had occupied their time that had been consumed
and
full
its
waste,
share of the
making speeches themselves. They should remember that there were many here who had never before been members of a deliberative body he was one of them and who were unacquainted with many things that were more familiar to others. He had come here to receive information on many points, and was in favor of a free and full discussion of every subject matter that came before them. Others had come with in
—
—
if the Convention would adopt, as no doubt the gentlemen desired it would, they might go home at once, and make great economy of time. He thought it his privilege, though one of the humblest members of the body, to express his views upon every subject that he deemed necessary to discuss; and the exercise of that privilege, which is guarantied to every delegate, would not be influenced by the time it would consume. He should pursue that course which his conscience dictated, regardless of what it might cost, or the time it might occupy. If he did not do so, he would not be true to the trust confided in him.
written constitutions in their pockets, which,
He considered that every subject should be properly understood before they came to any conclusion; he was opposed to the hot haste that some were desirous to follow. Gentlemen had made statements in this Convention, had that would be spread before the people, which
made speeches *
The conclusion
which was omitted from the has been taken from the weekly of July 11.
of Scates' speech,
Illinois State Register,
tri- weekly
I
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
32
might lead to prejudicial
He was
results as to other delegates in that body.
unwilling that this should be, unless along with them
spread the views of those
who happened
we
to differ with those
gentlemen.
He
did not believe in the omnipotence of this body.
necessary, before legislation;
we
It
was
could come here, that there should be some
that the Legislature should arrange those matters
which should be done before we could convene. Could the people the entire people meet here at Springfield, the seat of government, and, without the previous action of the Legislature prescribed by the constitution, proceed to adopt the constitution? No, sir, they could not. We meet here by the authority of a supreme power, which has given vitality to this Convention? Are not the regulations of that supreme power binding and imperative on us? Suppose a case: Let a vacancy occur in this Convention how would it be filled? Could this Convention pass a law setting a day for the election of another to fill the vacancy? I apprehend it I hardly think any delegate would say it could. We must abide by the is not in our power to do any such thing. law which has called us here for a particular purpose. During the canvass for the members of this Convention, the tree of public sentiment has been shaken, and the fruits are now collected in this hall, and I am in favor of selecting the good and sound of them, and of engrafting them on the constitutional stock. The Convention of the state of New York sat for four months, and complained that they had not sufficient time to discharge their duties; and I suppose no gentleman will dispute that there was as much talent in that Convention as in this. Yet the Legislature
—
—
—
that called them together had limited the time of their sitting to four months, and they, proclaiming that they
had not
sufficient
time to perform the duties assigned them, adhered to and obeyed that law strictly, as imperative upon them. We are sitting here
making an organic law for ourselves and for our children; the duty is most important, and I am opposed to hasty action.— want to deliberate, to reflect time to have the aid of others' experience and views to aid me. I desire all the aid and advantage to be derived from a full and free interchange of sentiment of
—
every delegate of this Convention.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE
9,
1847
33
been said that the officers could be appointed by resoand such a resolution had been adopted the first day of I have heard gentlemen of this Convention,
It has
lution, this
Convention.
who were members of the very Legislature that passed this law, and who voted for it, now come forward and denounce the law as inoperative, and declare we are not bound by it. They go further,
and declare the Convention
is
above
all
law.
Strange,
strange, that gentlemen in the Legislature should vote for a law,
and now get up here and denounce it, declaring that they had no power to pass it. Mr. LOGAN. The gentleman will allow me to say that this law was passed before the Legislature had fixed the pay of its members, and when I voted for it I had no idea the Legislature would fix that pay at ^4 a day. Mr. CAMPBELL. Then I would ask the gentleman if he did not vote for the law which allowed members their present per diem? Mr. LOGAN. No, sir. I asked to be excused from voting. I had motives of delicacy to induce me to do so, which I need not repeat.
Mr.
I
did not vote at
CAMPBELL.
not vote against the
Mr.
LOGAN.
I
all.
Well, then, the gentleman says he did
bill, for
reasons best
known
to himself.
hardly think the gentleman desires to mis-
represent me.
Mr. Mr. best
CAMPBELL. Certainly not, LOGAN. I did not say that
known
sir.
I
did not vote for reasons
to myself; but I did say from feelings of courtesy
towards members who came here from a distance, and who might have supposed that, from the fact of my residing at the seat of government, I might be influenced in my vote. That was the sir. I would have voted against it if my vote would have had any effect. Mr. CAMPBELL. Well, the gentleman cannot clear him-
reason,
He permits money to be taken out of the treasury, does not vote against the law, but quietly permits it to be passed, and now gets up here and denounces the appropriation contained therein as extravagant. Now, he had acted wrong, put the self yet.
—
matter in any shape.
If he, (Mr. C.) considered a principle wrong, he would be derelict in his duty if he did not resist it to
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
34
the utmost of his efforts. This would have been his course if he had been in the General Assembly. Were these assistant officers necessary? If they were, why not vote for them? If they were But, no; they must have a discussion not, vote them down. upon saving a dollar or two in the wages. They must listen to everlasting retrenchment, whose ghost he really expected to this see stalking about that hall, and shaking its gory locks at those
who were
We
so continually invoking
are
How
that.
now are
in debt,
we
it.
say gentlemen.
to get out of it?
We
Why,
are
all satisfied
say they, cut
pay of the door-keepers, and employ a few boys
the
of
down
as pages
!
A
gentleman delivers a speech full of commiseration for the widows and orphans who hold our bonds, and who are suffering from famine in foreign lands, and declares that we should not have a door-keeper, because we owe them money. I am willing that that speech shall go there, and the gentleman receive full merit for his commiseration for their suffering; but I want another speech of that gentleman to go along with it. I want then to know that when an appropriation of j2o,ooo, at the last session of the Legislature, was made for the completion of a magnificent building in Springfield, the same gentleman advocated it most strenuously, while at the same time these widows and orphans were famishing because we did not pay them our debts; and that he now is endeavoring to cut down two dollars a day from the salary of a man to wait on the delegates. Let these facts all go together, and then they can form a true idea of the sincerity of his commiseration for the widows and orphans! What would be said of a gentleman who was in debt, largely, to a number of widows and orphans always a fine subject for tears who would erect a magnificent building worth |2o,ooo, for his own comfort and convenience, and then say to his servants, I owe a large debt to some widows and orphans who are famishing in a foreign land, and to enable me to pay them, I must cut down your pay one-
—
—
me
half; to enable
to relieve their sufferings, I
must
lay a contri-
bution on you?
Look will
across the way, on the other side of your street,
behold a magnificent
Italian
marble
edifice,
floors, erected at
and you
with large fluted columns, and
a time
when 'widows and orphans'
— WEDNESDAY, JUNE
9,
1S47
35
held their paper, which they could not, would not, never intended
— [Applause.]
Was the gentleman's voice heard then? them, let these 'widows and orphans' judge of the The time will come, the sincerity of the commiseration by facts. day is not far distant, when we may read, on the massive open panels of the door of that institution, this inscription, in chalky whiteness "This house to let." Yet it is hoped by some that out to
redeem.
— Let
us, let
of the ashes of this institution, another, phoenixlike, will arise,
with more brilliant plumage on
its
wing, a voice more finely toned
to delusion, but with a keener glance of
greater strength in talons,
which
shall
its
pinion,
out-Herod
vengeance
and more power its
that ere this phcenix shall begin to live, these ashes to the fiat of this Convention will scatter
them
heaven.
'> ''
The
in its eye,
to destroy in its
ancient ancestor; but
1 JL
i
I
trust
feel vitality,
to the four winds of *
sins of omission are not so "bad in tKe sight of the people
He would
as those 354; Thompson, Illinois l-Fhigs before 1846, p. 136; History of LaSalle County, Inter-State Publishing Company, 1:217; 2:101; Baldwin, History of LaSalle
A List of the Members. Swan, Hurlbut: born, June 9, 1797, in Lime, Connecticut; 1845, came to Lake Illinois; farmer in Fremont Township, near Libertyville; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; 1850-1852, 1859-1860, 1868, county supervisor, 1850-1852, 1854-1856, representative in General Assembly; 1868, chairman; County, 216, 221, 271-272; Hollingsworth,
County,
1861, township assessor;
died
May
15, 1876;
in politics a
Whig
till
1850, then
became a Free Soiler, later a Republican. Halsey, History of Lake County, 38, 93, no, 117, 121-122, 135, 436-438, 441, 603-604, 809, 822; Blue Book of Illinois,
A
List of the Members. 1913-1914, pp. 362, 364; Hollingsworth, Thomas, William: born November 22, 1802, in Warren (now Allen) County,
Kentucky; 1820-1822, deputy sheriff of Allen County; studied law at Bowling Green in office of James T. Morehead, afterward governor of Kentucky; 1823, admitted to the bar; 1823-1826, practiced law in Bowling Green; 1826, removed to Jacksonville, Illinois;
taught school;
1827, private in
1829, reporter for Vandalia Intelligencer; Judicial Circuit;
Winnebago War;
1831-1835, school commissioner of 1839-1841, circuit judge;
1828-
1828-1829, state's attorney for Fifth
1831-1832, quartermaster and commissary in Black
Morgan County;
Hawk War;
1834-1839, state senator;
1846-1848, 1850-1852, representative in General Assem-
APPENDIX
979
1839-1869, trustee of the Institution for the Deaf and
bly;
1847, one of
member
first
Dumb
at Jacksonville;
trustees of the Hospital for the Insane at Jacksonville;
1847,
1869, appointed by Governor Palmer a
1861, member of Board of Army Auditors; member of State Board of Public Charities,
but resigned because of poor health;
died,
of Constitutional Convention;
politics a
Whig,
later a
August
Republican; interested
education;
ville, also in
22, 1889, at Jacksonville;
in the state institutions at
taught school after his removal to
Illinois,
Bateman and
founders and supporters of IlHnois Female College.
in
Jackson-
and was one of
Selby, Historical
Encyclopedia of Illinois, 522; Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:337; 2:1095; United Stales Biographical Dictionary, Illinois Volume, 827-830; Blue Book of
1913-1914, pp. 213, 259, 261, 349, 351-352; Eames, Historic Morgan and Classic Jacksonville, 123, 127, 243, 323-326; Hollingsworth, List of the Members.
Illinois,
A
Thompson, William W.: born February 23, 1786, at Brimfield, Massachusetts; removed to Northampton, Massachusetts; member of Massachusetts legis-
1826,
lature;
1839,
prominent politics
moved
County,
Illinois;
1
convention at Peoria;
842-1 846, state senator;
1847,
member
Bateman and
a Democrat.
Blue Book of
1844,
of Constitutional
died February 24, 1850, at Brimfield, Peoria County;
Peoria CoKnty, 2:46g;
worth,
to Peoria
in educational
Convention;
a farmer;
in
Selby, His.'orical Encyclopedia of Illinois,
Illinois,
1913-1914, pp. 355, 357;
Hollings-
A List of the Members. born November
Thornton, Anthony:
County, Kentucky;
g,
18 14 (1817), near Paris,
Bourbon
1831-1833, attended high school at Gallatin, Tennessee, and
Center College, Danville, Kentucky;
1834, graduated from
Miami
University,
Ohio; 1836, admitted to the bar; 1836 (1838), settled at Shelbyville, Illinois, where he began practice of law; 1847, 1862, member of Constitutional Convention; 1850-1852, representative in the General Assembly; in
Congress;
1870-1873, judge of Supreme Court of
1865-1867, representative
Illinois;
1873,
first
president
879, removed to Decatur; 1 88 1, returned to Shelbyville; died September 10, 1904; in politics a Whig, then a Democrat; (later a Republican). Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 522; Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, i: 458-459; Biographical Congressional Directory, 1774igil, p. 1055; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-19I4, pp. 193, 210, 362; Bateman and
of State Bar Association;
1
Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois,
775; Hollingsworth,
Shelby
County, 2:686, 689, 729-730,
A List of the Members.
Trower, Thomas B.: born November
1806 (1809), in Albemarle County, Virginia; taken in infancy to Kentucky; (1826-1829), studied medicine and taught school; 1S30, removed to Shelbyville, Illinois; 1830-1836, engaged in practice of
medicine at Shelby-ville;
1836,
removed
representative in General Assembly;
I
15,
County, 1 834-1 836, resumed practice of medicine at Charles-
to Charleston, Coles
839,
president of Moultrie County Bank; vice-president of First National Bank of Charleston; in politics a Democrat. Biographical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 483-484; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, p. 350; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. TurnbuU, Gilbert: born 1800, in Tennessee; 1832, came to Warren County, Illinois; later a farmer near Oquawka, Henderson County; 1834, school trustee; ton;
1847,
member
of Constitutional Convention;
1836, justice of the peace;
1837, school teacher;
1836-1843, county
1
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
98o assessor of
1850,
Warren County;
1847,
member
of Constitutional Convention;
representative in General Assembly;
1848-
Blue Book of
Whig.
in politics a
1913-1914, p. 360; Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, Warren County, 2:738, 753; Portrait and Biographical Album of Wttrren County,
Illinois,
Chapman
Brothers, 708;
A
Hollingsworth,
List of the
Members.
in Maine; 1834, came to Illinois; 1834-1848, county Putnam County; 1838-1847, circuit clerk; 1839-1847, county recorder; 1848-1849, 1855-1859, county 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; Ford, History of Putnam and Marshall Counties, treasurer; in politics a Whig.
Turner, Oaks: born 1809,
clerk of
148;
Hollingsworth,
A
List of the Members.
Tutt, William: born 181
County,
Illinois;
1, in
Virginia; physician;
1
830,
came
to York, Clark
practiced medicine; 1838, removed to Marshall; 1847,
Constitutional Convention;
and Clark Counties, part Tuttle, James:
in politics a
Democrat.
pp. 294, 303, 344. born 1806, in Ohio; 2,
Waynesville, DeWitt County;
1847,
Hollingsworth, 1840,
member of
member of
Perrin, History of Crawford
came
A List of the Members.
to Illinois;
farmer near
Constitutional Convention;
in
Whig. Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. Vance, John W.: born 1782 in Germany; in (1822) emigrated to the United States; brother of Governor Joseph Vance of Ohio; 1823, came from Ohio to Danville, Vermilion County, Illinois; 1823 (1824), leased and developed salt works; very prominent in affairs of county at an early day; 1832-1838, state senator; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; died 1856 (1857); in politics a Whig. politics a
Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 348-349, 351; Jones, History of Vermilion County, 1:137, 4°5; 2:113; Beckwith, History of Vermilion County, 970-971; Hollingsworth,
A List of the Members.
Vernor, Zenas H.:
born 1808,
in
North Carolina;
farmer near Nashville, Washington County;
Convention; crat.
1847,
1829,
came
member of
to Illinois;
Constitutional
1848-1850, representative in General Assembly; in politics a
Blue Book of
Illinois,
1913-1914,
p.
360; Hollingsworth,
Demo-
A List of the Mem-
bers.
Wead, Hezekiah Morse: born June i, 1810, in Sheldon, Franklin County, Vermont; attended winter term of village school until seventeen years old; for months attended academy at Castleton, Vermont; clerk for merchant in West Rutland, Vermont; worked passage on canalboat to Pittsford, New York, where he taught school and began study of law; 1832, admitted to the bar; taught school in Akron, Ohio; 1836-1837, practiced law in Vermont in partnership with General Seth Cushman; 1837-1840, taught school in New Jersey; 1840, came to Lewistown, Fulton County, Illinois; 1845, aided in preparation of memorial to General Assembly on common-school education; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; 1852-1855, circuit judge of Tenth Circuit; 1855, removed to Peoria, where he had successful career as a lawyer; i86i, moved to farm near Peoria; died May 10, 1876; in politics a Democrat; allied himself with Anti-Repudiationists; opposed secession and supported government in war, but continued allegiance to Democratic party. VaXmtr, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:4,310,315-320; Blue Book of Illinois, 19131914, p. 215; History of Fulton County, Charles C. Chapman and Company, 406;
six
APPENDIX Batemnn andSelhy,
981
Historical Encyclopedia 0/ I/linois, Peoria County, 1: 635; Rice,
J List oj the Members. Webber, Thomson (Thompson) R.: born October 6, 1807, in Shelby County, Kentucky; 1824-1832, taught school; 1832, came to Illinois; 1 834-1 837, engaged in mercantile business in Urbana; first postmaster in Urbana, appointed by Jackson, served for fifteen years; 1833-1853, clerk of county court; 1833-1846, clerk of circuit court; 1834-1874, master in chancery; 1847, 1862, member of Constitutional Convention; close friend of Lincoln and David Davis; died December 14, Biop-aphical Encyclopedia oJ Illinois, no-iii; 1881; in politics a Democrat. Bateman a.nASt\hy, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, Champaign County, 2:669, 736,764, 1050; Portrait and Biographical Album of Champaign County, Chapman Brothers, 946; History of Champaign County, Brink, McDonough and Company, 31, 33, 108; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. West, Edward M.: born May 2, 1814, in Botetourt County, Virginia; 1818, brought to Illinois; 1829-1831, clerk in recorder's office and deputy postmaster at Springfield; 1833-1835, clerk in United States land office at Edwardsville; 1835(1854) 1867, engaged in mercantile business at Edwardsville; 1839-1845, county 1 845-1 851, county school commissioner; captain in Illinois National treasurer; Guard; 1861, member of committee to manage war fund; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; (1858) 1 867-1 887, engaged in banking; active and prominent member of Methodist church; died October 31, 1887, in politics a Whig, Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 583; later a Democrat. History of Madison County, 150, 152-154, 168, 170, 172, 180, 338, 356-357, 556; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. History 0/ Peoria, 2:171-172; Hollingsworth,
Whiteside, John Davis: born 1794 (1795) (1798), at Whiteside Station, Monfarmer; 1 824-1 828, county commissioner; 1825-1828, clerk
roe County, Illinois;
of Circuit Court; 1830-1836, 1844-1846, representative presidential elector; state treasurer;
by President Polk Illinois
in
General Assembly; 1836,
March
1837-March
4,
6,
1841,
1847,
member
training volunteers in
of Constitutional Convention;
died 1850, at place
Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia Greene and Thompson, Governors' Letter-Books, 1840-1853,
in politics a
Illinois, 139, 586;
government regarding
as commissioner to confer with British
1846, adjutant-general, organizing and
bonds;
Mexican War; of birth;
1836-1837, state senator;
1842, second to General Shields in Lincoln-Shields duel; appointed
Democrat.
of p.
Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 141, 201, 348-351, 358; Combined History of Randolph, Monroe and Perry Counties, 160-161, 449; Hollingsworth, I26n;
A List of the Members. Whitney, Daniel Hilton:
born 1808,
in
physician at Belvidere, Boone County; 1836,
New first
York;
1834,
came
to Illinois;
census enumerator of Winnebago
1836-1837, recorder of Winnebago County; 1840, favored Wisconsin's annexation of disputed territory; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention;
County;
died February 17, (1862), 1864, at Belvidere;
in pohtics
a Whig.
History of
F. Kett and Company, 239-240, 244-245, 391-392, 404; Church, History of Rockford and Winnebago County, 53-54. 75-76. '63, 202, 264; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members.
Winnebago County, H.
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
982
Williams, Archibald: born June lo, 1801, in 1828, admitted to the bar in Tennessee; 1836, state senator;
ber of Constitutional Convention;
1
Montgomery County, Kentucky;
removed
to Quincy, Illinois;
1854, defeated as candidate for Congress;
declined seat on United States
1847,
1832-
mem-
849-1 853, United States district attorney for
twice nominated by
the Southern District of Illinois;
Senate;
district
1829,
1837-1840, representative in General Assembly;
Whigs
for
United States
because of advanced age,
1861, appointed United States
Supreme Bench;
judge for Kansas; died September 21, 1863, at Quincy; in politics a Whig, Bateman and Selby, Hislorical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 590; 1:2, iS2-iS2i 2: %%o; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-
later a Republican.
Palmer, Bench and Bar 0/ Illinois,
History of
1914, pp. 348-349, 352-353; Illinois
Whigs
before 1S46, p. 149;
Adams
Hollingsworth,
County,
415, 421;
Thompson,
A List of the Members.
Shawneetown, Illinois; 1840, removed to McLeansboro, for three terms sheriff of Hamilton County; 1 846-1 848, doorkeeper of the House; 1847, doorkeeper pro tern and sergeant-at-arms of Constitutional Convention; 1852-1854, 1856-1858, representative in General Assembly; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 359, died in i86i; in politics a Democrat. 363, 365; History of Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Franklin, and Williamson Counties, 260-261, 302, 753; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. Witt, Franklin: born 1804, in Tennessee; 1 8 14, brought to Pope County, Illinois; 1826, settled in Cass County; 1827, removed to farm near Kane, Greene County; justice of the peace; 1836-1838, representative in General Assembly; born
Wilson, John A.:
1
8 19;
1820, brought to
1838-1842, 1848-1851, state senator;
1847,
member
of Constitutional Convention;
Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 352, 354, History of Greene County, 765-766; History of Greene and Jersey Counties, List of 672, 789; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 308; Hollingsworth, died 1851; in politics a Democrat.
360-361
;
A
the
Members.
New
York; 1834, came to Illinois; farmer nearOttawa; March-August, 1839, county commissioner of LaSalle County; 1839, one of commissioners to locate county seat of DuPage County; 1842, assessor; Woodruff, Ralph:
born 1806, in
1847, assistant doorkeeper of Constitutional Convention; died 1850; in politics a
Democrat.
^sXAvim, History of LaSalle County, 21s,
2i-],
233; History
of LaSalle
Company, 1:216; Bateman and Selby, Historical DuPage County, 2:640; Hollingsworth, A List of the
Cottw/y, Inter-State Publishing
Encyclopedia of Illinois,
Members.
Woodson, David Meade: tucky;
educated
ton,
May 18, 1806, in Jessamine County, Kenand at Transylvania University, and read law Kentucky legislature; 1834, removed to Carroll1835, returned to Transylvania University and
born
in private schools
with his father; 1832,
Greene County,
member Illinois;
graduated with honor;
of
1837-1839, county judge;
1839-1840, state's attorney;
Whig candidate for Congress against Stephen A. Douglas; 1847, 1869-1870, member of Constitutional Convention; November i, 1848 December 4, 1848, 1843,
—
judge of the Supreme Court of died 1877;
in politics a
Whig,
Illinois;
1848, judge of the First Judicial Circuit;
Bateman and Selby, Historical Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:4; 2:1095later a
Democrat.
Encyclopedia of Illinois, 599; 1096; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 210, 214, 355, 371;
History of Greene
APPENDIX
983
andjeriey Counties, 601-502; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 61, 338-342; Hollingsworth, A List 0/ the Members. Worcester, Linus E.; born December in
common
White
5,
1
811, in Windsor,
schools of his native state, and at Chester
Hall, Greene County, Illinois;
sively in dry-goods, drug, farm implements, justice of the peace;
1
Vermont; educated Academy; 1836, came to
1836-1839, taught school;
engaged succesand lumber business; 1 843-1 848,
843-1 855, postmaster of White Hall;
Constitutional Convention;
of the Institution for the Deaf and
Dumb
at Jacksonville;
directors of the Jacksonville branch of the Chicago
1882, county judge;
October 19th, 1891;
1847,
i852-(i885), township school trustee;
associate county justice, 1856-1858, 1862-1866, state senator;
member
1860-1891, one of the
and Alton Railroad;
1S76, delegate to Democratic National Convention; in politics
a Democrat.
of
1853-1859,
1859-1871, trustee
Bateman and
1873died
Selby, Historical
Encyclopedia of Illinois, 599-600; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 364, 367368; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 60, 62-63, 266-267; History of Greene and Jersey Counties, 591-592, 655-657, 660-661, 674-676, 685, 691, iioi;
Hollingsworth,
A List of the Members.
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I915).
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History of Champaign County, Edited by Joseph O.
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Edited by Alexander
(Chicago, 1907).
History of 2]
McLean
County.
Edited by Ezra
M.
Prince and John H.
Burnham
(Chicago, 1908).
History of Peoria County.
and Peoria, 1902).
Edited by David McCulloch [volume
2]
(Chicago
BIBLIOGRAPHY History of Rock Island County
[volume [volume
991 authors and contributors
special
(Chicago, 1914).
2]
History of
.... by
St.
2]
History of
Edited by A.
Clair County.
S.
Wilderman and A. A. Wilderman
(Chicago, 1907).
— Edited
Sangamon County.
by Paul Selby [volume
2]
(Chicago,
1912).
Historical Encyclopedia;
Dyson (Chicago,
History of Schuyler County.
Edited by
Howard
F.
1908).
Edited by George D. Chafee [volume
History of Shelby County.
2]
(Chicago,
1910).
Edited by Ben C. Allensworth [volume
History of Tazewell County.
2]
(Chi-
cago, 1905).
I
Edited by
History of JVarren County.
Jj[volume
2I
Hugh R. Moffet and Thomas H. Rogers
(Chicago, 1903).
Beckwith, Hiram W., History of Vermilion County, together with historic notes on the Northwest, gleaned from early authors, old official
correspondence
....
maps and manuscripts, private and
(Chicago, 1879).
Bent, Charles (ed.). History of Whiteside County, Illinois biographical
and family
....
lishing
Company,
with numerous
sketches (Morrison, 1877).
The Lewis Pub-
Biographical and Genealogical Record of LaSalle County, Illinois, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1900).
Biographical and Reminiscent History of Richland, Clay and Marion Counties, Illinois, B. F.
Bowen and Company
(Indianapolis, 1909).
Biographical Review of Johnson, Massac, Pope and Hardin Counties, Illinois, containing biographical sketches of prominent citizens
Publishing BrinkerhoflF, J.
Company
Biographical
(Chicago, 1893).
H. G., Brinkerhoff's History
of
Marion County, Illinois (Indianapolis,
Church, Charles A., History of Rockford and Winnebago County, first settlement in 1834 to the Civil War (Rockford, 1900). Clarke, S.
J.,
History of
McDonougk County,
with early reminiscences, personal incidents
Combined History
of
....
Illinois,
from
towns and
Illinois, its cities,
the
villages,
(Springfield, 1878).
Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash Counties,
Illinois, with illus-
and biographical sketches of some of their L. McDonough and Company (Edwardsville,
trations descriptive of their scenery
prominent men and pioneers.
J.
1883).
Combined History
of Randolph,
descriptive of their scenery
men and pioneers.
J.
L.
Monroe and Perry Counties, Illinois, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent
McDonough and Company
(Edwardsville, 1883).
Commemorative Biographical and Historical Record of Kane County, taining full page portraits
with portraits
and biographies
of the governors of Illinois
and Company (Chicago, 1888). Cooper, Marshal M., History of Jerseyville,
Illinois,
1822
to
.
.
Company
(Chicago, 1884).
.
together
Beers, Leggett
igoi (Jerseyville, 1901).
Counties of Cumberland, Jasper and Richland, Illinois, Historical F. A. Battey and
Illinois, con-
and biographical sketches of prominent citizens,
and Biographical,
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
992
Seymour, Chicago: Its History and Its Builders, a Century of Marvelous Growth, 5 volumes (Chicago, 19 12). Duis, E., The Good Old Times, McLean County, Illinois, containing two hundred and Currey,
J.
sixty-one sketches of old settlers
....
(Bloomington, 1874).
Eames, Charles M., Historic Morgan and Classic Charles
M. Eames ....
Jacksonville.
Compiled .... by
with introduction by Prof. Harvey
W.
Milligan
(Jacksonville, 1885).
Erwin, Milo, History of Williamson County, Illinois, from the earliest limes, down to the present, with an accurate account of the secession movement .... (Marion, 1876).
Putnam and Marshall Counties; embracing an account of and formation of Bureau and Stark Counties; with an appendix, containing notices of old settlers .... (Lacon, i860). Goodspeed, Weston, and Daniel Healy (ed.), History of Cook County, Illinois .... Ford, Henry A., History of
the settlement, early progress
a general survey of Cook County
and specialaccount of districts
history, including a
outside the city limits
condensed history of Chicago 20 volumes (Chicago, ',
.
.
.
1909).
Gross, Lewis M., Past and Present of
DeKalb County,
Illinois,
1 volumes (Chicago
1907).
A
History of Lake County, Illinois, (Chicago, 1912). Halsey, John J. (ed.), History of Adams County, Illinois, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns
....
its citizens .... general and local statistics, and prominent men .... Murray, Williamson and
a biographical directory of
portraits of early settlers
Phelps (Chicago, 1879). History of Carroll County, Illinois, containing a history of the county,
....
its cities,
towns
its citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late H. F. Kett and Company (Chicago, 1878). History of Champaign County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink, McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1878). History of Christian County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink, McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1880). History of DeWitt County, Illinois, with biographical sketches of prominent ....
a biographical directory of
rebellion
.
.
.
.
citizens of the county.
Pioneer Publishing
History of Fulton County, Illinois; tional, religious, civil, military,
raphies
Company
(Chicago, 1910).
together with sketches of
and political
of representative citizens
....
its cities
....
educa-
.... and biogChapman and Company
history, portraits
Charles C.
(Peoria, 1879).
History of Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Franklin and Williamson Counties, Illinois, from the earliest time to the present; together with .... biographical sketches
.... The Goodspeed
Publishing
History of Greene County, Illinois
....
....
Company
(Chicago, 1887).
containing a history of the county;
its cities
portraits of its early settlers a biographical directory of its citizens v and prominent men .... Donnelley, Gassette and Loyd, Publishers (Chicago,
1879).
.
.
.
BIBUOGRAPHY
993
History of Greene and Jersey Counties, Illinois, together with sketches of the towns
....
educational,
biographies
civil,
and political history; men .... Continental
portraits
.... and
Historical
Company
military
representative
of
(Springfield, 1885).
History of Jackson County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink,
Donough and Company (Edwardsville, 1878). History of Knox County, Illinois; together with sketches its
of the cities
and
volunteers in the late war, educational, religious, civil
.... and
biographical sketches
....
Charles C.
....
and
Mc-
record of
military history
Chapman and Company
(Chicago, 1878).
La Salle County, Illinois, together with sketches of its cities .... educaand political history .... Inter-State PublishCompany, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1886). History of McHenry County, Illinois, together with sketches of its cities .... educational, religious, civil, military, and political history, portraits .... and History of
tional, religious, civil, military
ing
biographies of representative citizens
....
Inter-State Publishing
Company
(Chicago, 1885). History of Madison County, Illinois, with biographical sketches of many prominent men and pioneers, W. R. Brink and Company (Edwardsville, 1882).
and Clinton Counties, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of the and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers.
History of Marion scenery,
McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1881). Menard and Mason Counties, Illinois, containing a history
Brink, History of
....
portraits of early settlers and prominent men Company, Historical Publishers (Chicago, 1879)^ History of Morgan County, Illinois .... containing a history .
a biographical directory of
....
prominent men
its
citizens
....
Donnelley, Loyd and
.
.
.
of the counties
O. L. Baskin and
....
of the county
and
portraits of its early settlers
Company
(Chicago, 1878).
History of Ogle County, Illinois, containing a history of the county,
its cities
.
.
.
.
a
.... portraits of early settlers and promiCompany (Chicago, 1878). History of Pike County, Illinois; together with sketches of its cities .... educational, religious, civil, military, and political history .... Charles C. Chapman and Company (Chicago, 1880). biographical directory of
nent
men
History of
St.
.
.
.
H.
its
citizens
F. Kett and
Clair County, Illinois, with illustrations of
some of
sketches of
Company History of
.
its
Sangamon County,
Illinois;
cational, religious, civil, military,
scenery,
and biographical
McDonough and
together with sketches of
its cities
and
portraits
biographies of representative citizens
(Chicago,
its
prominent men and pioneers. Brink,
(Edwardsville, 1881).
1
political history;
....
.... edu.... and Company
Inter-State Publishing
881).
History of fVayne
and Clay
Counties, Illinois, Globe Publishing
Publishers (Chicago, 1884).
Company, Historical
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
994
History of Winnebago County, Illinois
....
a biographical directory of
prominent men
.
.
.
.
H.
F.
its
....
containing a history of the county
.... portraits Company (Chicago,
citizens
Kett and
Jones, Lottie E., History of Fermilion County, Illinois, a tale of
and
of early settlers 1877). its
ment and progress .... 2 volumes (Chicago, 191 1). McBride, J. C, Past and Present of Christian County, Illinois
evolution, settle-
....
(Chicago,
1904).
Massie,
M.
D., Past
sketches of
and Present
many
of
its
of Pike County, Illinois, together with biographical
prominent
....
citizens
and
illustrious
dead (Chicago,
1906).
Matson, Nehemiah, Map of Bureau County, Illinois, with sketches of its early settlement (Chicago, 1867). Miner, Edwards, Past and Present of Greene County, Illinois (Chicago, 1905). Moore, Roy L., History of Woodford County, a concise history of the settlement and growth of Woodford County (Eureka, 1910). Moses, John, and Joseph Kirkland, History of Chicago,
Illinois, 1
volumes (Chicago,
1895)-
Page, O.
J.,
History of Massac County, Illinois, with
life sketches
and
portraits
(n.p., n.d.)
Past and Present directory of
....
of Kane County, Illinois, containing a its
citizens
....
history of the county
portraits of early settlers
.
.
.
.
a
and prominent men
Jr., and Company (Chicago, 1878). History of Bond and Montgomery Counties,
William LeBaron,
Perrin, William H., (ed.).
Illinois
(Chicago, 1882). Perrin, William H., (ed.). History of Cass County, Illinois (Chicago, 1882). Perrin, William H., (ed.). History of Crawford
and Clark
Counties, Illinois (Chicago,
1883).
and Biographical Album of Champaign County, Illinois, containing .... portraits and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together with portraits and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman
Portrait
Brothers (Chicago, 1887). Portrait
and Biographical Album of DeKalb County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman
portraits
with portraits
Brothers (Chicago, 1883). Portrait
and Biographical Album of McLean County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman
portraits
with portraits
Brothers (Chicago, 1887). Portrait
and Biographical Album of Rock Island County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Biographical
portraits ,
with portraits
Publishing
Company
(Chicago, 1885).
and Biographical Album of Warren County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together with portraits and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman
Portrait
portraits
Brothers (Chicago, 1886).
BIBLIOGRAPHY Portrait
and Biographical Record
995
of fVinnebago and Boone Counties. Illinois^ contain-
.... citizens, together with biographies .... Biographical Publishing Company
ing biographical sketches of prominent of all the governors
of the state
(Chicago, 1892).
Power, John Carroll, History of Springfield, business, manufacturing,
etc.
Illinois,
its
....
advantages for
(Springfield, 1871).
Redmond, Patrick H., History of ^uincy, and its Men of Mark, or facts and figures exhibiting its advantages and resources, manufactures and commerce (Quincy, 1869).
James M., Peoria, City and County, Illinois, a record of settlement, organization, and achievement, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1912). Richmond, C. W. (ed.). History of Du Page County, Illinois, (Aurora, 1877). Wall, John A., IFatl's History of Jefferson County, Illinois (Indianapolis, 1909). Rice,
progress
INDEXES
Index of Names Adams, Augustus, amendments,
203,
Ballingall, Patrick, addresses, 534-539;
612, 628;
appointment to committee
amendments, 309, 608-609; appoint-
and
65; biographical notice of,
ment
949;
office,
remarks, 617;
Akin, George
W.
resolutions, 43.
(John W.), amend-
ments, 700, 702; appointment to committee, 66;
949;
biographical notice of,
remarks, 754, 860.
949;
biographical notice of,
remarks, 207, 474, 619, 621;
reports, 521, 688.
Anderson,
appointment
office,
cal notice of, 950.
65;
to
biographi-
775;
remarks,
resolutions, 7-8;
request
with-
to
draw, 66; substitutes, 854. S.,
biographical notice of,
gn.
Bergen, John G., biographical notice
of,
22n. Blair,
Samuel,
committee and
5 14,
53. 59. 62, 86, 519, 521, 542, 549, 787;
Bargar, John
Allen, Willis, appointment to committees, 65, 66;
committees, 65,
to
biographical notice of, 950;
Montgomery, address,
pointment
to
123;
committee, 66;
apbio-
graphical notice of, 951.
Blakely, William H., appointment to
,
Archer, William R., addresses, 98-99,
amendments, 23, 353.454)615.770.793; appointment 350-352, 434-438;
to committees, 65,66, 159, 774;
bio-
committee, 65; biographical notice of, 951.
Bond, Benjamin, addresses, 417-419, ^33; amendments, 353, 855; appoint-
graphical notice of, 950; remarks, 23,
ment
47, 61, 89, 127, 155, 183, 462, 540, 621,
notice
648, 669, 795, 8ii, 888; reports, 190;
to
committee, 66; biographical of,
951;
remarks,
3,
13,
287, 723, 724; resolutions, 3, 201, 722.
Booth, Louis M., appointment to
resolutions, 46, 71.
office,
Armstrong, George W., amendments, 291, 609, 654, 720, 766, 772, 784, 800, 804, 848; appointment to committees, 65. 159;
biographical notice of, 950;
remarks, 551, 723;
resolutions, 24;
appointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 950;
William,
addresses,
805; bio-
remarks,
871;
appointment to committees, 65,
514, 777; biographical notice of, 951;
Brockman, James, 303, 644, 870; mittee, 65;
amendments,
petitions, 395; remarks, 58, 176, 939; resolutions, 9,
397, 516, 883, 942; of, I59n.
67,
appointment to combiographical notice of,
951; remarks, 112, 182, 200, 202, 219,
921.
Bailey, Gilbert S.,
651-
654, 922-923; amendments, 444, 610,
petitions, 787; resolutions, 201.
substitutes, 520, 763-764, 767.
Atherton, Martin, amendments,
Bosbyshell,
biographical notice
48; substitutes, 731.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Brown, George T., addresses, 828-831; amendments, 774, 827, 834; appoint-
ment
to committees, 65, 769;
graphical notice of, 951;
no,
bio-
remarks,
832, 833; resolutions, 350, 447.
Bunsen, George, appointment to combiographical notice of,
mittee, 66;
951; Butler,
resolutions, 284.
Horace,
committee, 66; of,
566-569;
appointment to
biographical notice
952; petitions, 305; remarks, 371,
Thomas
appointment to
B.,
committee, 65;
biographical notice
of, 953S., amendments, 71; appointment to committee, 66; bio-
Casey, Franklin
graphical notice of, 953.
Casey, Zadoc, appointment to commit-
and
tees
addresses,
amendments, 514;
Carter,
offices,
biographical
i,
65, 770,
notice
of,
953;
777; re-
marks, 513, 630, 841, 844; reports, resolutions, 276, 334, 487,
250, 340; 628.
300;
Choate, Charles, appointment to com-
Caldwell, Albert G., addresses, 680-683,
Church, Selden M., amendments, 192, 453. 515. 819, 864; appointment to committee and office, 66; biographi-
618,
resolutions,
763;
643,
mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 954.
substitutes, 655.
689-693, 757-759; amendments, 285, 333, 499. 623, 644, 703, 772, 845-846;
appointment 769;
committees, 65, 66,
to
biographical
notice
of,
952;
remarks, 108, 507, 617, 623, 630, 659, 703, 711, 724, 742, 757, 776, 780, 808, 846; request to withdraw from com-
cal
notice
of,
160, 204, 219;
remarks,
954;
105,
resolutions, 83.
amendments, 356, 393, 404, 626, 644; appointment to committee and office, 66; biographi-
Churchill,
Alfred,
remarks, 96, 120,
cal notice of, 954;
reports,
mittee, 66; substitutes, 498, 507, 709,
166,
710, 729, 928-929.
resolutions, 196; request to withdraw,
Campbell, James M., amendments, 613, 804, 889; appointment to committee, 66;
biographical
notice
of,
952;
remarks, 298; resolutions, 47, 83, 196,
Campbell, Thompson, addresses, 31-37, 76-78, 451-452, 475-481, 516-518, 572-577, 816-817, 822-823, 831-833, 848-849, 900-921;
amendments,
83, 385, 389, 475, 802, 888;
ment
22,
appoint-
committees, 65, 775, 777; biographical notice of, 953; remarks, to
68, 88, 156, 241, 247, 362, 384-386,
800;
248. Cline, William J., appointed assistant,
door-keeper pro tem,
I.
Cloud, Newton, addresses, 4-5, 824biographical
826;
298.
618, 723;
241,
elected
president,
notice 4;
of,
petitions,
954; 45.
amendments,
839;
appointment to committee, 66;
bio-
Colby,
Eben
F.,
graphical notice of, 955; 540;
remarks,
resolutions, 889.
Constable,
Charles
186, 401, 443, 778;
committee,
65,
notice of, 955;
amendments, appointment to
H.,
biographical 775; remarks, 107, 175,
479.
488,
516.
521,
842,
848,
923,
925; resolutions, 46,
195, 196, 200, 241, 244, 709, 711, 713,
request to withdraw
787, 803, 851, 887; resolutions, 43, igo, 201, 721, 775; substitutes, 766. Crain, John, amendments, 649;appoint-
71, 250, 349;
from committee, 238;
557-558,
796,
substitutes,
379, 899-
Canaday, John, appointment to committee, 66;
953;
biographical notice of,
resolutions, 251, 897.
ment
to committee, 66; biographical
notice of, 955; remarks, 722; reports,
628, 640, 730.
INDEXES Robert
amendments, 307, 361, 375, 405, 785; appointment to
Cross,
committee,
J.,
65,
notice of, 955;
777;
biographical
petitions, 324, 457,
485; resolutions, 250. Cross, Samuel
J.,
lOOI
Deitz, Peter W.,
amendments,
152, 174,
200, 308, 727, 736, 772, 873; appoint-
ment
to committee, 66;
biographical
notice of, 957; petitions, 424; substitutes, 925.
appointment to com-
mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 956.
Dement, John, addresses, 16-19, 177" 179. 491-494. 683-685, 751-753, 931amendments, 612, 688,721; appointment to committees, 65, 5 14;
933;
Dale, Michael G., addresses, 375-378,
788-790; amendments, 361,375, 454; appointment to committees, 65, 775;
biographical notice of, 957; remarks,
biographical notice of, 956; petitions,
642,
854; remarks, 128, 788, 854.
reports,
Davis, David, addresses, 461-462, 753-
amendments, 22, 309, 405, 888; appointment to committees, 66,
754, 843;
159;
biographical
petitions,
171;
notice
of,
956;
remarks, 113, 120,
160, 218, 661, 735, 753, 812, 842, 843; resolution, 82.
Davis, James M., addresses, 128-130,
369-371. 569-572, 850-851, 861-862;
amendments, 444,
641,
24, 100, 309, 393, 440,
648,
739,
793, 871,921,
926; appointment to committees, 65, biographical notice of, 956; 777;
remarks, 19, 51, 58,60,63,75,92, 100,
50.51, 53. 67. 68, 163, 177, 214, 240, 661,
658,
649,
663,
124, 189, 673;
669,670;
resolutions,
67,71,942; substitutes,890. Dresser, Charles, biographical notice of,
42n.
Dummer, Henry
appointment to
E.,
committees, 65, 159,774; biographical notice of, 958;
petitions, 524.
Dunlap, James, amendments, 668; appointment to committee, 65; appointed
teller,
biographical
4;
notice of, 958.
Dunn, Harvey, appointment mittee, 66;
to
com-
biographical notice of,
958.
Dunsmore,
appointment
Daniel,
112, 120, 128, 161, 163, 166, 196,339,
committee, 66;
385, 391, 401, 510, 522, 618, 624, 650,
of,
to
biographical notice
958; resolutions, 42.
659, 672, 756, 780, 795, 805, 850-852, 861, 924; resolutions, 44, 84, 291. Davis, Thomas, G. C, addresses, 28-29,
Eccles, Joseph T.,
498, 805, 823;
430-434. 494-497. 558-566, 748-751.
mittee, 65;
93S-93i\ amendments, 453, 514, 792; appointment to committees, 65, 159,
958;
775;
biographical
notice
of,
957;
remarks, 75, 95, 327, 339, 479, 481,
amendments, 200,
appointment to combiographical notice of,
remarks, 193, 506, 840; report,
90; resolutions, 636, 942; substitutes, 806, 855.
Edmonson, John W. appointment
F.,
amendments,
to committees, 65,
555. 558, 723. 813; reports, 383, 446; resolutions, 84, 250; substitutes, 469,
71;
641.
resolutions, 70, 109, 943, substitutes,
Dawson, John, addresses, 818; amendments, 357, 444, 608, 626, 628, 632, 785,817; appointment to committees, biographical notice of, 957; remarks, 818; reports, 673; resolu-
66, 775;
tions, 70, 84, 170, 191, 383.
159;
biographical
notice
of,
959;
520.
Edwards, Cyrus, addresses, 171-174, 346-349,885-887; amendments, 511, 802; appointment to committees, 65, 66, 513;
biographical notice
of,
959;
remarks, 52, 54, 249, 398, 512, 623,
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Edwards, Cyrus to
Dregg, David L. (cont.)
(cont.)
reports, 673, 927, 931;
821;
request
withdraw, 247; resolutions,
7, 21,
43. 345-346, 878; substitutes, 5, 354, 885.
Edwards, Ninian W., amendments, 303, 310, 356, 482, 728, 773, 820, 824, 868; appointment to committee, 66; bio-
935; amendments, 164-165, 675, 735, 760; appointment to committees, 66, I59> 769; biographical notice of, 961; remarks, 86, i66, 239, 262, 438, 450,
471, 508, 539. 545, 548, 549, 615. 722, 723, .839, 847, 850, 852; reports, 191, 812;
resolutions, 518, 943.
petitions,
Grimshaw, William A., appointment
to
787, remarks, 89, 162, 332, 358, 385,
committee, 65; biographical notice
of,
graphical notice of, 959;
substitutes, 5, 334, 700, 928.
407;
961; resolutions, 50, 896; substitutes.
Evey, Edward, appointment to committees, 65, 514; biographical notice of,
959; remarks, 185; resolutions, 44.
Ewing, James T., biographical notice of, 960.
Hale, Albert,
biographical notice
457-
Harding, Abner Farwell, Seth B., amendments, 649, 760
appointment to committee and
772;
of,
45n; resolutions concerning, 387-388;
office, 65, 66, 159,
514;
biographical
notice of, 960; petitions, 82, 395, 498;
addresses, 293-297;
graphical notice
of,
961
;
remarks,
195, 245; substitutes, 336, 392, 767.
Harlan, Justin, appointment to com-
remarks, 449, 624, 671, 706, 756. Frick, Frederick, appointment to
C,
amendments, 154, 392, 614, 766; appointment to committee, 66; bio-
com-
mittee, 65; biographical notice of, 960.
mittees, 65, 159, 514, 769;
biograph-
ical notice of, 962.
Harper, Joshua, appointment to com-
Thomas, addresses, 227; amendments, 119, 386, 703, 713, 720, appointment to committee,
Geddes, 765;
biographical notice of, 960;
65;
re-
mittee and
office, 65,
774;
biograph-
ical notice of, 962.
Harvey, Curtis K., addresses, 472-474; amendments, 94, 310, 323, 612, 645,
marks, 99, 155, 196, 485, 647, 762;
657, 720, 728, 800, 868, 869; appoint-
resolutions, 48, 191.
ment
Graham, James, appointment
769;
remarks, 438, 821; substitutes,
647, 732, 776, 780, 882; reports, 312, 314. 315; resolutions, 43; substitutes,
793-
mittee and
office,
65;
biographical
notice of, 960; remarks, 39, 301, 371,
tee, 65;
biographical notice of, 960.
William
498, 508.
Hatch, Jeduthan, appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice of,
962; remarks, 388.
850, 921.
Green, Peter, appointment to commit-
B.,
committee, 65; of,
159,
103, 156, 195, 268, 329, 472-474. 643.
Green, Henry R., appointment to com-
Green,
committees, 65,
biographical notice of, 962; remarks,
biographical notice of,
mittee, 66;
960;
to
com-
to
appointment
biographical
to
notice
961.
Gregg, David L., addresses, 165, 438440, 528-534, 675-677, 839-840, 933-
Hawley, Nelson, amendments, B65; appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 963;
petitions,
356; resolutions, 290.
Hay, Daniel, amendments, 626, 720; appointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 963.
bio-
INDEXES Hayes, Snowden, addresses, 99, 810-
1003
Jenkins, Alexander M., addresses, 220-
811,890-895; amendments, 455, 846, appointment to committee, 66;
221; amendments, 448; appointment
896;
to committee, 66; biographical notice
biographical notice of, 963; remarks,
of,
petitions, 636;
965;
remarks, 89,
78, 286, 442, 790, 810, 847, 852, 926;
112, 119, 220; reports, 111,315,469;
resolu-
resolutions, 45, 315; substitutes, 855.
reports, iii, 267, 289, 730;
substitutes,
tions, 43, 160, 249, 724;
biographical
notice
of,
George H., appointment to com-
mittees, 66, 159; biographical notice of,
mittees, 65, 514; biographical notice
964;
petitions, 289.
Hogue, James M., amendments, 443, 465, 656, 765, 802; appointment to committees,
65,
159;
biographical
notice of, 964; remarks, 152,623,813;
tions, 104; remarks, 619; reports, 186.
Holmes, William H., amendments, 824; appointment to committee, 66; bio-
biographical notice of,
966.
Kenner, Alvin R., amendments,
Samuel, appointment to committee and office, 65, 159; biographical notice of, 964.
Hurlbut, Stephen A., amendments, 84, 85, 309, 454, 785, 841; appointment biographical
notice of, 964; remarks, 86, iii, 214,
804;
appointment to committee, 66;
148, 176;
remarks,
resolutions, 195, 201;
sub-
stitutes, 927.
Kinney, Simon, amendments, 881; pointment to committees, 66,
ap5 14;
biographical notice of, 966; remarks, 396, 623, 843; substitutes, 68, 297.
Kinney, William
C,
addresses, 524-527;
appointment
to committees, 65, 66, 5 14; biographical
notice of, 966;
petitions, 457;
reports, 314;
resolutions, 250.
Kitchell,
Alfred,
addresses,
677-680;
amendments, 47, 310, 455, 488, 613, 865, 866; appointment to committee biographical and office, 66, 159; notice of, 966; remarks, 60, 154, 507,
619, 677;
resolutions, 195;
substi-
tutes, 200, 633, 851.
539, 677, 786.
Huston, John, appointment to com-
Knapp, Augustus R.,
mittees, 65, 66; biographical notice of,
666;
965.
65,
appointment
Aaron
C, appointment
66,
159;
to
biographical
notice of, 965; petitions, 395.
James, James A., appointment to committee, 66; biographical notice of, 965.
addresses, 661to
committees,
159; biographical notice of, 967;
remarks, 792,
committees,
123,
200, 403, 444, 484, 514, 645, 699, 720,
remarks, 47, 89, 643;
graphical notice of, 964.
Hunsaker,
to committees, 65, 514;
mittee, 65;
amendments, 47, 508;
substitutes, 170, 637, 767.
Jackson,
amendments, 488,
biographical notice of, 966;
964; resolutions, 302.
Hoes, Abraham, appointment to comof,
B.,
964;
petitions, 787; remarks, 168,362,581. Hill,
Humphrey
65; biographical notice of, 965; peti-
Judd, Thomas, appointment to com-
of, 9('3-
Henderson, Hugh, amendments, 291; appointment to committees, 65, 5 14, 774;
Jones,
514,773; appointment to committee,
154, 867.
Heacock, Reuben E., appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice
880; resolutions, 457;
substitutes, 359, 375, 631.
Knapp, Nathan M., amendments, 392, 819; appointment to committee, 66; biographical notice of, tions, 48, 83, 388.
967;
resolu-
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
I004
Knowlton, Lincoln B., addresses, 222, 582-607; amendments, 22, 386, 726; appointment to committees, 65, 66, petitions, 395;
notice
of,
969;
remarks,
2,
26, 33. 39. 48.49, 51. 57. 60, 62, 105,
121, 123, 156, 163, 167, 203, 213, 219,
remarks, 38, 78, 97,
287. 301. 331. 358. 402. 405. 451. 475. 659, 826, 841, 851, 889, 926; reports,
of,
180, 185, 246, 332, 339, 581, 795, 812; resolutions,
graphical notice
967;
biographical
775;
Logan, Stephen T. (cent.)
substitutes,
290;
765,
845.
814;
resolutions, 5, 768; substitutes,
444.
Knox, James, amendments, 397, 608; appointment to committee, 65; bio-
Loudon, John T., addresses, 135-137; amendment, 202; appointment to
remarks,
coAimittee, 66; biographical notice of,
graphical notice of, 967; 180;
969; remarks, 144, 245, 262, 661.
resolutions, 170.
Kreider, George, appointment to committee, 66;
biographical notice of,
968.
McCallen, Andrew, addresses, 131-135, 860-861; amendments, 24, 85, 353, 386, 392, 613, 637, 645, 720, 819, 867;
Lander, Samuel, appointment to committee, 66;
biographical notice of,
968.
committees,
66;
65,
to
biographical
notice of, 968.
committee, 65;
to
biographical notice
542,
805,
548,
813,
550,
860;
44, 201; substitutes,
619, 621,
resolutions,
109, 656,
820,
McClure, William, appointment to committees, 65, 159;
biographical notice
of, 969.
of, 968.
William,
biographical notice
B.,
amendments, 361,
appointment to committee, 66;
biographical notice of, 968.
Lockwood, Samuel Drake, amendments, 361, 403, 488, 628, 702, 726, 806, 819,
appointment to committee, 65;
to
com-
biographical notice of,
969.
McHatton, Alexander, appointment committee, 66;
biographical notice of, 968.
Lenley, Isaac, appointment to committee, 66;
McCuUey, John, appointment mittee, 66;
of, 968.
Lemon, George
866;
776,
874-
appointment
William,
Laughlin,
836;
biographical notice of, 969; remarks, 155. 520,
James M., appointment
Lasater,
Lavely,
appointment to committees, 65, 66;
of,
to
biographical notice
970.
Manly, Uri, appointment to commit774; biographical notice 970; withdrawal from convention,
tees, 65, 514, of,
926.
remarks,
Markley, David, amendments, 334, 630,
362,384,405,733, 763; reports. Ill; resolutions, 108, 387, 942; substitutes,
695, 708, 729, 766, 799, 819, 821, 823, 835; appointment to committee, 66;
764, 865.
biographical notice of, 970; remarks,
biographical notice of, 968;
Logan, Stephen T., addresses, 13-17,
amend-
39-41, 36J-367. 396-397; ments, 24, 49, 119, 160, 170, 174, 307,
120, 643, 888; resolution, 69; substitutes, 656, 785.
Marshall,
Franklin
S.
D.,
amend-
637, 658, 674, 784, 868, 889, 524, 925;
ments, 84, 444, 488; appointment to committees, 65, 775; biographical
appointment to
notice of, 970; petitions, 615; resolu-
335. 360, 369. 407. 445. 448. 514, 630.
appointed
teller, 4;
committees, 65, 66, 514, 769;
bio-
tions, 250.
INDEXES Thomas
Marshall,
A., appointment to
committee, 65; of,
biographical notice
Oliver, John,
appointment to commit-
tee, 65; biographical notice of, 971.
substitutes, 767.
970;
Mason, John West, amendments, 608; appointment to committee, 66, biographical notice of, 970;
remarks,
resolutions, 43.
181;
1005
Matheny, James H., appointment
to
committee, 66; biographical notice of,
Pace, George W., appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice of,
971.
Palmer, Henry D., amendments, 803, 865; appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 971; remarks, 20, 53. 57. 73. 182, 618, 795.
970.
Mieure, John, appointment to commitbiographical notice of, 971.
tee, 65;
Miller, Robert, appointment
com-
to
Palmer, John M., addresses, 754-756; amendments, 46, 488, 771; appoint-
ment
to committees, 65, 159;
bio-
mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 971.
graphical notice of, 973; remarks, 49,
Minshall, William A., addresses, 409-
51, 61, 118, 169, 199, 317, 330, 704,
amendments, 2, 335, 511; appointment to committees, 65,
754, 762, 763, 764, 776, 790, 826, 848,
414, 744-748;
biographical
159;
remarks,
notice
2, 12, 59, 74,
341, 410, 618;
of,
971;
138, 203, 287,
resolutions, 42, 153;
substitutes, 766.
MofFett, Garner, appointment to committee, 66;
biographical notice of,
971; petitions, 395; resolutions, 85.
Henry W.,
Moore,
office, 1,5;
appointment
biographical notice of, 971.
Moore, William
S.
(George
in roll of convention),
to
to
committee,
66;
S.
Moore
appointment biographical
notice of, 971.
863; reports, 769;
appointment to
committee, 66; biographical notice
of.
Onslow,
458-461;
remarks,
biographical notice of, 973; 27.
407.
79,
458.
522,
616,
723;
resolutions, 43; substitutes, 482, 762.
Pinckney, Daniel
J.,
addresses,
205-
207; appointment to committees, 65, 159;
biographical
notice
of,
974;
remarks, 105, 241, 842, 862.
Powers, Williams B., amendments, 100,
appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice of, 974;
resolu-
tion, 250.
Pratt, O.
C,
addresses, 552-555, 578-
580, 713-715;
Nichols, Jacob M., appointment to com-
addresses,
amendments, 392, 458, 515, 698, 726; appointment to committees, 65, 769;
736;
Morris, Richard G.,
resolutions, 8, 44,
389, 446. Peters,
amendments,
24, 702,
mittee, 66; biographical notice of,97i.
739. 741; appointment to committees, 65. 159. 769; biographical notice of,
Northcott, Benjamin F., addresses, 426-
974; remarks, 52, 161, 242, 401, 762,
430; amendments, 335, 356; appointment to committee, 66; biographical
794, 861, 895, 925, 938; substitutes,
Rives, George W., appointment to com-
tions, 45.
Norton, Jesse O., addresses, 210-212;
amendments,
ment
to
94, 210, 386;
appoint-
committee, 66; biographical
notice of, 971 163, 362.
69. 85, 741, 764, 896.
remarks, 777; resolu-
notice of, 971;
;
remarks, 63, 95, 110,
mittee, 65;
biographical notice of,
974-
Robbins, Ezekiel W., addresses, 79-81;
amendments,
43, 54, 488, 611, 648,
771,775; appointment to committee.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
ioo6
W.
Robbins, Ezekiel
amendment, 772; ap-
Shields, William,
(cont.)
65; biographical notice of, 975; peti-
pointment to committee, 66;
tions,
104,312,446,732; remarks, 67,
graphical notice of, 976;
649;
resolutions, 24, 46, 199.
242;
Robinson,
appointment
Benaiah,
committee, 66;
to
biographical notice
Roman, William W., amendments,
516,
appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice of, 975; remarks,
Rountree, Hiram, amendments, 90, 285, 307,511; appointment to committee, biographical notice of, 975;
re-
marks, 59, 68, 181, 193, 19J, 630; resolutions, 45, 192;
substitutes, 68,
amendments,
92, 138-143, 743;
124,
190, 307, 309. 361, 515. 625, 627, 644, to
com-
774;
bio-
appointment
732, 802, 925; mittees, 4,
65,
66,
514,
graphical notice of, 975; remarks,
i,
no. 137.193.244.
2,3. '3.47. 51.79.
262, 324, 327, 332, 542, 732, 742, 787, 792, 801, 898, 926; reports, 106, 108, resolutions,
939; 191,
250,
i,
43,
44,
substitutes,
774;
substitutes, 6^, 83.
83, 301;
ment
amendment, 802; appoint-
to committee, 66;
Servant, Richard B., amendments, 190, 456, 484, 796; 65, 774;
appointment to
office,
biographical notice of, 976;
remarks, 56,57,
petitions, 312, 340;
244, 407, 475;
resolutions,
250,
reports,
498;
substitutes,
302;
761.
tee, 65, 159;
354;
appointment to committee, 65;
bio-
graphical notice of, 976;
resolutions,
250; substitutes, 359. Sherman, Francis C, amendments, 152,
654;
appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice 6.
amendments, 699, 865;
petitions, 761; biographical notice of,
mittee, 66;
J.,
appointment to com-
biographical notice of,
977; remarks, 883; reports, 284. Singleton, 151,
James W., addresses, 149-
223-227,
amendments,
229-238,
715-717;
154, 284, 306, 695, 734,
760, 764, 773, 834;
appointment to
committee, 66; biographical notice 977;
petitions, 219;
733, 826, 863, 881;
251;
388, 4I4. 712.
resolutions, 23,
substitutes, 768, 856.
Edward
O., acjdresses, 415-417;
amendments, 773; committee, 66; of,
of,
remarks, 25, 26,
"9.
42, 47. 72. 75, 97.
appointment to
biographical notice
978; remarks, 408.
Smith, Jacob, amendments, 727; appointment to committees, 65, 777; biographical notice of, 978;
resolu-
tions, 83.
Thomas C, amendments,
Sharp,
biographical
remarks, 843.
notice of, 977;
Sim, William, appointment to commit-
Smith,
785.
185,
872;
resolutions, 65, 66, 71,
52, 246, 287;
Simpson, Lewis Scates, Walter B., addresses, 29-31, 90-
45,
514, 698, 736,
biographical notice of, 977; remarks,
977; substitutes, 353.
383.
3'^3>
D., amendments, 48,
191, 488, 499,
Sibley, John,
840.
65;
Shumway, Dorice
appointment to committees, 65, 159;
of. 975-
626;
bio-
remarks,
resolutions, 46.
of,
976;
remarks,
52. 153. SI9. 555. 617. 646, 658,
667, 713;
reports, 106, 775.
Spencer, John W., appointment to committees, 65, 5 14; biographical notice of,
978; petitions, 356; resolutions, 201.
Stadden, William,
amendments, 626;
appointment to committees, 65, 774, 777;
biographical notice
of,
978.
Swan, Hurlbut, amendments, 864; apbiopointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 978.
INDEXES Thomas, William, appointment office, 65, 66, of,
978;
address,
to
186-188;
committees
and
769; biographical notice
amendments, 356, 385, 454,
612, 726, 727, 797; remarks, 2, 53, 62, 161, 162, 166, 169, 193, 521-522, 617,
1007
Wead, Hezekiah
(cont.)
appointment to com-
456, 489, 805;
mittee and
office, 65,
of, 980; petitions, remarks, 38, 73, 78,
312, 457. 775; 317.
155.
358. 512, 670, 776, 777,
637. 643, 733; reports, 186, 289; sub-
862; reports, 395,
stitutes, 160, 626.
9,
Thompson, William W., amendment, 626;
appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice of, 979; petition,
636; remarks, 114.
514, 775, 777;
biographical notice
48,
191,
290;
807;
resolutions,
substitutes,
819,
845.
Webber, Thompson R., appointment to committee, 65;
biographical notice
of, 981.
Anthony, addresses, 542547; amendments, 210, 309, 323, 393, appointment to 797> 798, B55, 866;
Thornton,
committees, 66, 774;
biographical
notice of, 979; petitions, 82; remarks, 89, 148, 540, 545; resolutions, 85, 250;
West, Edward M., addresses, 827-828;
amendments, 633, 771, 803, 805, 868; appointment to committees, 65, 159; biographical notice of, 981; remarks, resolu-
III, 191, 214, 388, 619, 827; tions, 160.
Whiteside, John D., amendments, 308,
reports, 939.
Trower, Thomas, appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 979.
644,727,798,836,869,931; appoint-
ment
to committees, 66,
159;
bio-
TurnbuU, Gilbert, amendments, 392; appointment to committee, 66; bio-
graphical notice of, 981; remarks, 49;
remarks,
Whitney, Daniel H., addresses, I45-
graphical notice of, 979;
i55> 207, 374. 388, 527, 617;
315;
report,
biographical notice of,
office, 66;
980; petitions, 424; resolutions, 85. Tutt, William, appointment to committee, 66;
147, 856-860;
biographical notice of, 980.
Tuttle, James, addresses, 835-836;
ap-
pointment to committee, 66;
bio-
Vance, John W., amendments, 740; appointment to committees, 65, 159; substi-
substitutes, 864.
980;
Archibald,
505, 882-883;
biographical notice of,
resolutions, 201, 250.
to committees, 65,
118, 317-322, 399-401, 621-623, 862-
863;
amendments,
72, 308,309, 484,
501-
of,
514, 777;
981;
bio-
remarks, 4,
19.52,55,57,59,63,95. 148,315,
323, 542, 643, 646, 650, 660, 732, 783, 880, 882-883; resolutions, 284; substitutes, 819.
5;
J. A.,
appointment to
offices, i,
biographical notice of, 982.
Witt, Franklin, amendments, 162, 456, 628, 728, 788; mittee, 65;
addresses, 9-1 1, 116-
addresses,
amendments, 307, 308,
323, 360, 660, 868, 880; appointment
Wilson,
tutes, 819.
Vernor, Zenos H., appointment to com-
Wead, Hezekiah,
170, 556,
remarks,
38, 60, 154, 159, 616, 790, 800, 856;
Williams,
7,
mittees, 65;
amendments,
biographical notice of, 981;
graphical notice
graphical notice of, 980.
biographical notice of, 980;
substitutes, 403.
870; appointment to committee, 159;
substitute, 357.
Turner, Oaks, appointed to committee
and
reports, 289;
appointment to combiographical notice of,
982; substitutes, 778, 779.
Woodson, David M., addresses, 92-94, 419-423, 424-425, 879-880; amend-
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Woodson, David M.
(cont.)
ments, 196, 401, 404, 625, 636, 675, 814; appointment to committee, 66;
Woodson, David M.
(cont.), substitutes,
637. 793-
Worcester, Linus E., amendments, 124;
biographical notice of, 982; remarks,
appointment to committee, 65; bio-
37-38, 50, 63, 64, 9a, 401, 547, 677, 705,
graphical notice of, 983;
879, 895;
resolutions, 42,43, 69, 71;
48;
substitute, loo.
resolutions,
Index of Articles and Sections Article
boundaries, state.
i,
Article
powers;
Article 3 (cont.)
of powers
distribution
a,
government, section
procedure on
of
section 2, no department to
section
general assembly, legisla-
tive
power; section
bly,
members,
2,
and
acts;
section 24, general assembly,
mem-
requirements
department,
the legislative i,
general assem-
general
election of;
section
resentatives;
power
general
terms
section
of;
members,
appropriations,
26,
25,
pay; ex-
for
29,
assembly,
impeachment, judgment; section
section 28,
of;
officers liable to
assembly, senators,
of; section 6, general
assembly,
bills
penditures; section 27, impeachment,
section 4, general as-
sembly, qualifications, senators; sec5,
for
compensation
bers,
section 3, general assembly, qualifications, rep-
tion
section 22, general
section 23, general assembly,
tions;
exercise powers of otliers.
Article 3,
bills;
assembly, fees and salaries, restric-
distribution of
i,
assembly,
general
ineligibility;
section 30, oath, officers;
section 31,
members, number of; section 7, general assembly, members, disabilities
section 32, general assembly, general
section 8, general assembly, ap-
laws on divorce; section 22t compen-
of;
portionment according section
9,
mation; section tricts,
against state;
by
authorized section
dis-
crime;
section 34, suits
bank charters not assembly;
general
special legislation
36,
hibiting sale of
section 11,
by
section 35, lotteries,
banks or
state
assembly,
representative
excess population;
no extra;
sation,
districts, for-
10, general
and
senatorial
to population;
general assembly, senato-
and representative
rial
disqualification
officers,
lands;
pro-
section
37,
general assembly, time of meeting;
appropriations, deficiency of;
section 12, general assembly, officers
38, credit of state not to be given;
of,
quorum;
section
14,
section
general
13,
assembly, journal, yeas, nays; tion
and representatives by
protest; section 15, general assembly,
general rules, punishment of bers;
assembly;
section 16, general assembly,
privileges;
eral
assembly,
of; section
section
20,
gen-
general
sessions;
sec-
proposed section, general
assembly, prohibition of special privi-
assembly, ad-
assembly,
supplies;
leges or exemptions.
Article
punishment, power
19, general
journment and open tion
18,
for
district;
tion 41, canvass of votes for general
mem-
vacancies; section 17, general assembly,
contracts
39,
section 40, apportionment of senators
sec-
assembly, right of
general
section
sec-
laws,
style of; section 21, general assembly,
1009
the
4,
section
I,
executive
department,
executive power; section 2,
governor, election;
section 3, gover-
nor, term of office;
section 4, gover-
nor,
for;
qualifications
section
governor, residence and salary;
5,
sec-
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Article 4 (cont.) tion
governor, oath;
6,
section
7,
governor, message to general assem-
power of; secgovernor, power over other
Article J (cont.) time of; section I4,
courts, judges;
tion
courts,
9,
section 10, general assembly,
offices;
special sessions;
nor,
gover-
section 11,
army and navy, commander-in-
chief; section 12, governor,
appointment; section
13,
power of governor,
provided
17,
county
19,
courts, personnel; section 20,
county
courts, judges, compensation; section
supreme and
21,
election of;
tion, term, qualifications; section 15,
cial officers,
speaker of the senate; section 17, governor, compensation;
county
16,
section
for;
section
jurisdiction;
power to adjourn general assembly;
16,
section
county courts, judges, election and term of; section 18, county courts,
section 14, lieutenant governor, elec-
lieutenant governor, rights of; section
supreme court,
time of election; section 15, circuit
bly; section 8, pardon,
circuit court clerks,
section 22, courts, judi-
commissions; section 23, election of not provided for in
officers,
constitution;
section 24, courts, ap-
lieutenant
peals from local courts; section 25,
section 18, lieutenant governor, suc-
officers,
cession to; section 19, governor, suc-
process, form of;
cession
section
to;
vacancy;
20,
governor,
section 21, governor, veto
county, removal; section 26,
of the
section 27, justices section
peace;
attorney;
section
28,
state's
and
circuit
29,
power; section 22, secretary of state;
supreme courts,
clerks, terms, duties,
section 23, auditor of public accounts;
compensation;
section 30,
section 24, state treasurer; section 25, seal of state;
ment, section to
proposed
attorney general, proposed
i,
proposed
abolish;
officers,
3,
section 26, impeach-
officers subject to;
no
offices,
life
section
2,
term; proposed section
one lucrative
at a
office
time. Article
section
the
judiciary courts,
i,
department,
judicial
power
supreme court, members, quorum; section 3, supreme court, grand divisions; section 4, supreme court, judges, term of; section 5, supreme court, jurisdiction; section 6, supreme court, terms; section 7, circuit courts, judges and vested in;
districts;
section 2,
section 8, circuit courts,
terms and jurisdiction;
supreme and
section
9,
circuit court, vacancies;
section 10, judges, salaries bility
court, grand division for election of
judges;
section 31,
to other offices;
and
eligi-
section
11,
supreme court,
places of meeting; section 32, appeals
and writs of error; preme court, grand
section 32, sudivisions, provi-
sion for altering.
Article
cation for; ballot;
and the right of
election
6,
suffrage, section 5,
supreme
voting by
2,
section 3, electors, privileges;
section 4, electors,
duty;
tary
suffrage, qualifi-
1,
section
exempt from
section
residence not lost
mili-
suffrage,
j,
by absence from
United States on business; section suffrage, residence of soldiers,
and
marines;
qualifications,
dence;
section
office,
and
citizenship
6,
seamen
7,
resi-
section 8, suffrage, disqualifi-
cation, infamous crime; elections, general,
change
Article 7, counties, section
formation of new; section
judges, eligibility; section la, judges,
division;
removal; section 13, judges, election.
ment
for
section 9, in
time
of.
i,
counties,
2,
counties,
section 3, counties, govern-
unorganized;
section
4,
INDEXES Article 13 (cont.)
Article 7 (cont.)
counties striking off or adding terri-
moval; section tion;
county seats,
section 5,
tory;
re-
township organiza-
6,
section 7, sheriff, term of; pro-
section 2, sovereignty of the people; section
no
tions, free
surveyor, election
trial
Article
section
militia,
8,
subject to service; section
tions;
3,
i,
exemp-
section
election:
officers,
section 5, commissioned
by governor:
tion, capitation tax;
uniform
taxa-
i,
section 2, taxa-
rule,
special
taxes;
section 3, taxation, exemption; tion 4, taxation,
sec-
redemption from tax
section 6, taxation, powers of
sales;
general assembly;
proposed section,
form of payment. Article
corporations,
10,
section
of
organization
corporations,
i,
by
section 2, corporations,
general law;
banks, no state
dues;
section
banks;
section 4, banks, liability of
3,
stockholders; section
5,
banking cor-
porations, referendum required; tion 6, corporations;
acts of incorporation,
ment
to or repeal of.
in
commons,
common
Article 12,
sec-
proposed sec-
tion,
Article 11,
amendi,
rights
amendments
to the consti-
section
section
called;
2,
to constitution.
Article 13, liberty I, life,
and
accused persons,
9,
and
section 10, grand jury;
rights;
section 11,
double jeopardy and eminent domain; section 12, justice free
and prompt;
free
liberty
proportional
penalties
to
imprisonment
section
15,
section
16, slavery
offense; for
debt;
and involuntary
section 17, ex post facto
servitude;
law, contracts, obligation of, and
bills
of attainder; section 18, banishment prohibited;
section 19, government,
principles;
section 20, civil power,
military subordination;
section 21,
assembly and petition, right; section 22, soldiers, quartering;
press
section 23,
and speech, freedom;
section
24, evidence, jury in libel suit; section 25, dueling,
dueling,
punishment; section 26, oath
special
concerning;
proposed section, taxation. Schedule,
1-26,
section
18, English
section
6,
language to be used; pro-
posed section, seat of government,
in certain lands.
amendments
how
6, jury,
searches
due process of law;
county commissioners' court; section
sectjon
tution, section i, constitutional con-
vention,
7,
section 13, habeas corpus; section 14,
section 6, privileges. Article 9, the revenue, section
tion,
section
by;
seizures; section 8,
section 4, officers, election of generals:
section 5, elec-
and equal; section
persons
section 2,
section 4, office,
religious test for;
posed section, county officers, coroner, of.
conscientious objectors,
3,
exempt from jury;
government,
and property;
change Article
of.
14,
negroes,
emancipation of
immigration and
in State;
proposed
section, restrictions in marriage office.
Article 15, state debt tax.
and
Ill
Index of Subjects Accused person, rights
(art. 13, sec. 9),
Bills, see
Bills
865, 944.
Amendments
to constitution
(art.
12,
200-201, 927, 928, 944. See constitutional convention.
sec. 1), 199,
Appeals and writs of error
(art. 5, sec.
(art. 1), 837, 944.
Canvass of votes
for general
see general
Appropriations, deficiency
assembly.
Circuit courts, clerks:
797-798. 944; election of
for
expenditures (art. 3, sec. 26), 67, 308,
judges:
(art. 5, sec. 7),
Assembly and
801, 944;
petition, right of (art. 13,
apportionment of 83, 499, 500-513, 800-
district
Arbitration tribunal, 108.
time of election
804-805,944; terms and jurisdiction
sec. 2:), 871, 944.
(art. 5, sec. 8),
83, 801, 944; vacancies, 801-802, 944.
Civil power, military subordination (art.
23), 190. 514-515. 74-
13, sec. 20), 871,
874,944.
Committee, of the whole:
Ballot, see suffrage.
Banishment prohibited
(art. 13, sec. 18),
convention
resolved into, 62, 251, 267, 276, 284, 291, 297, 302, 305, 307.308, 315. 3^9,
870, 944.
Banking laws, system
of,
85-98, loi,
104, 109.
334. 350, 356, 360, 375, 383, 391, 392, 395. 403. 424. 442, 448. 453. 458. 462,
Banks, banking corporations,
referen-
required (art. 10, sec. 5), 301,
469, 488, 490, 498, 514, 515, 524, 540, 551, 581, 613, 615, 625, 629, 632, 637,
313-314, 640, 648-657, 669-673, 675-
640, 651;
688,695,703,729,944; charters from general assembly (art. 3, sec. 35), 109,
170, 267;
on
bill
resolutions referred to, 50,
of rights, 65, 83,84, 191, 201,
of stockholders
305, 485, 521, 688, 787, 942;
313-314, 641, 645,
division of state into counties
liability
10, sec. 4),
688, 693, 944; no state banks (art. 10, sec. 3),
(art. 5, sec.
15),
Attorney general, 793. Auditor of public
(art.
(art. 5, sec.
21), 83, 806, 944;
699, 944.
721, 944;
compensation,
duties, terms of (art. 5, sec. 29), 83,
(art. 3, sec.
37), 66, 71, 353, 728-729, 944;
dum
assembly
(art. 3, sec. 41), 878, 944.
Capital punishment, 85, 111.
see governor.
Apportionment,
(art. 13, sec. 17), 867,
Boundaries, state
32), 888, 890, 944.
Appointments,
general assembly.
of attainder
870, 944.
69-70, 85-89, loi, 164-170,
on and
organizations, 65, 111, 191, 284, 315,
469;
on education, 65, 82, 171, 174,
251, 252-266, 267-283, 289, 291, 312,
238-250, 284, 289, 290, 305, 356, 395,
314, 640, 645-648, 695, 703-719, 729,
424. 457. 485. 498, 524. 615, 769. 898; on elections and right of suffrage, 65,
(proposed section) 734, 944; 314, 614, 660, 668, 807, 872.
251,
84, 105, 158, 170, 446, 787;
1013
on execu.
;
IOI4
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
Committee
(cont.)
Constitution (cont.)
in, 250; on
tive department, 65, 71,
finance, 43, 65, 70, 106, 170, 191, 457,
on incorporations, 65, 69,
775, 884;
85, loi, 109, 164, 251, 289, 291, 300,
301, 312-315;
on judiciary, 65, 71,
43» 839, 841, 939;
vote on adoption
of, 944. Conscientious objectors, exempt from
jury
(art.
13, sec. 3), 250, 289, 854,
944.
82, io6, 108, 109, 159, 250, 315, 383,
Constable, see county
424; on law reform, 65, 160, 195, 267,
Constitutional convention, call of (art.
on
289, 312, 446, 730, 890;
legislative
business, 43, 65, 71, 83, 124, 162, 189, 195, 201, 284, 305;
on
military
191,
affairs,
65,
militia
289;
and on
miscellaneous subjects and questions,
12, sec.
officers.
0,927,928,944.
Contracts for supplies
(art. 3, sec. 39),
obligation of
190, 356-359, 732, 944; (art. 13, sec. 17), 944.
Convention
invitations
business,
re-
sym-
65, 290, 628, 636, 638, 640, 730, 884;
ceived, 288, 446; resolutions of
on organization of departments, and
pathy, 345, 446, 701; resolutions of thanks, 388, 943;
officers
connected
department, 30s;
with
executive
65, 84, 159, 190, 250,
on revenue, 65, 71,
192, 250, 289, 340, 809;
777;
51S. 695. 742. 807, 836, 873, 878, 890,
on rules, 7; on agriculture, other resources and internal improvements, 196, 800, 939; on commons, 340,809; on judiciary, 513, 673; on schedule, 774, 926, 939; on senatorial and representative districts, 159, 722, 812, 874, 879; on townships, 43, 19J, 395; to compare printed copy of con927. 931. 939, 942, 944;
and
select:
stitution with enrolled one, 945;
to
divide the state into grand divisions,
768-769, 887;
to prepare address to
people, 775, 941; to procure translations of constitution resolutions,
rights in
common
in certain
(art. 3, sec. 2;^,
67,310,720,944. Constitution,
942;
238, 247, 926; resolutions for, 24, 43, 44, 46;
vacancy
46-47; hall, use
copies
in,
926;
of, 298,
employees,
323, 721, 848,
896; journal, 160, 487, 942;
members: compensation
of, 9,
196-
leave of absence, 162,
199, 298, 301;
288, 289, 298, 299, 350, 383, 395, 469, 581, 628,
698, 707, 761, 775; privileges, 338; supplies, 521-522; 190, 301, officers: address of president pro
551,
personal
tem, 4-5;
assistant secretary, 3, 23,
160, 942; election of, pro tem, 23;
i, 4, 5,
number and compensation
4,9-21,23-41; secretary, seating of members, 7,
of, 3,
5;
organization, oath of office,
1-3;
8, 9;
powers and duties: resolution, 23; debate, 25-41, action, 41;
-•
address to people, 941
adjournment, 628-629, 841-844, 945; assembly,
lands (art. 11), 201, 809, 944.
Compensation, no extra
775;
requests to withdraw from, 66,
procedure:
889.
Commons,
of, 7, 43,
65. 159. 191, 196, 340. 513. 769, 774.
on revision
and adjustment of the articles of the constitution adopted by this convention, and to provide for the alteration and amendment of the same, 65, 199,
special
committees: appointment
83, 90, 186,
i
;
order of business,
8, 9,
23. 37, 43.55, 65, 67, 69, 276, 944, 945; order of proceedings, 55-62, 67-69;
distribution,
points of order, 75, 174, 297, 389, 628;
delivery to secretary of state,
705, 706, 707, 708, 729, 777, 809, 897; prayers, 7, 387, 457, 485-487, 519;
for
signing of, 945;
submission
of.
INDEXES Convention business requests
for
information,
sions
44;
43,
sessions, 42, 43, 302;
i),
publication of debates,
71-81, 153, 160-161;
amendment
rules:
7, 21; limita-
(art. 10, sec. 2),
312,
Credit of state, not to be given
10, sec. 6), 641, 944; organization by general law (art. 10, sec. 1), 300, 312,
314, 640, 641-644, 695, 944. Council of revision, 70.
^33y 944; sec.
944;
(art. 7, sec. 3),
824-
(art. 7,
unorganized
(art. 7, sec. 5), 836,
944, striking off or adding territory
835-836, 944. County courts, provided for, judges:
(art.
5,
767-768, 770, 944;
compensation of
sec. 20), 785, 944;
of (art.
to exercise
2, sec. 2), 55, 836, 837, 944.
Double jeopardy, eminent domain
(art.
process of law (art. 13, sec. 8), 84,
732, 865, 944.
Dueling, punishment
(art. 13, sec. 25),
191, 869, 871, 944; special oath concerning (art. 13, sec. 26), 872, 944.
772, 944; personnel (art.
Elections, general, change in time of (art. 5, sec. 9), 46,
5,
5, sec. 18), 771,
778-
(schedule,
890,944. chancery
in
suits, 890, 896:
944(art. 4, sec. 1), 45, 360.
734. 944post facto laws (art. 13, sec. 17), 867
Ex
sec. 6), 106-107. officers, coroner,
duty
double jeopardy.
in libel suit (art. '13, sec. 24), 873;
Executive power
785, 944-
see
English language to be used (schedule;
Evidence,
jury 5, sec. 19), 50,
militia
609, 612, 944.
Eminent domain, sec. 18),
771, 944;
County commissioners court
612, 944.
exempt from
612, 944;
(art. 6, sec. 4),
(art.
and terms
election
5, sec. 17), 770,
jurisdiction of (art.
County
i),
no departpower of others (art.
55, 62-64, 837, 838, 944;
ment
Electors, privileges (art. 6, sec. 3), 609,
(art. 7, sec. 4),
sec. 16), 45,
and state
834-835, 944; county
removal of
seats,
for
see appropriations
debt tax. Distribution of powers (art. 2, sec.
13, sec. 11), 866, 944.
(art. 7, sec. 2),
formation of new
government
Debt, state,
Due
48, 111-124, 821, 824, 897,
i),
(art. 3,
sec. 38), 83, 729, 944.
for encourage-
of internal improvements (art.
Counties, division
944;
testimony in, 85. See county courts, county commissioners court, supreme
quorum, 43, 383, amendments to constitution.
640, 644, 695, 944;
ment
798,
in (art. 5, sec.
court.
50-55,
printing of, 65; .Sf^
22),
of, 43,
tion on speeches, 628, 629; new rules proposed, 48, 50, 201, 340, 395, 897;
387.
sec.
5,
power vested
448, 449-453, 760, 944; of equity,
resolution, 46;
340-345; committeeon,
Corporations, dues
(art.
judicial
records: absentees, 636; newspaper reporters, 8;
1015
Courts (cont.)
(cont.)
surveyor, etc.,
870, 944.
election of (art. 5), 806; recorder, 109,
removal of
(art. 5, sec. 25), 804, 806,
944Courts, appeals and writs of error (art. 5, sec.
from
32), 888, 890, 944;
appeals
local courts (art. 5, sec. 24), 794,
798, 944;
judicial officers,
Freedom,
.
General assembly, adjournment, sec.
19), 304, 698, 944;
ment according sec. 8),
(art. 3,
apportion-
to population (art. 3,
334-33S> 944; fees and sala-
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
ioi6
General assembly (cont.)
General assembly (cont.)
ries, restrictions (art. 3,sec. 22),
698, 944;
304, general laws and divorce
720, 944; general rules, punishment of members (art. 3, sec. 32), 108,
vacancies (art. 3, sec.
303. 697. 944;
16), 304, 697, 944.
Government, principles
(art.
13, sec.
:8), 871, 944-
944; ineligi-
Governor, army and navy commander-
bility (art. 3, sec. 29), 309, 719, 944; journal, yeas, nays (art. 3, sec. 13),
election (art. 4, sec. 2), 360, 735, 944;
(art. 3, sec. 15), 304, 697,
legislative
303, 697, 944;
power
(art.
3, sec. 1), 44, 66, 19s, 284, 69J, 944;
members:
apportionment by
dis-
874-875, 879-
tricts (art. 3, sec. 40),
in-chief (art. 4, sec.
1
1),
403, 737, 944;
filling
vacancy
944;
messages to general assembly
(art. 4, sec. 20),
738,
(art. 4, sec. 7), 736,
944; oath (art. 4,
sec. 6), 736, 944;
power to adjourn
884, 944; compensation of (art. 3, sec.
general assembly (art. 4, sec. 13), 737,
30^308, 699,
944; power of appointment (art. 4, sec. 12), 837, 944; power over other
24), 44, 45, 76, 84, 124,
944; disabilities of (art. 3, sec. 7), 83, 308, 700-702, 944; election of (art. 3, sec. 2), 45, 285-288, 291-292, 695, 944;
number of
(art. 3, sec. 6), 71,
124-152, 153-158, 293-298, 302-303, 696, 944;
pay
(art. 3, sec. 25),
699,944; privileges of (art.
308,
3, sec. 17),
304, 694, 944; officers of,
(art. 3, sec. 12),
open
sessions, (art.3,
procedure on
sec. 19), 304, 698, 944; bills
(art.
4,
sec.
(art. 3, sec. 21), 195,
375. 736, 944;
375-382. 384-387. 736. succession to (art. 4, sec. 19),
4, sec. 5), 45,
944;
term of
738. 944;
(art. 4,'sec. 21), 83,
office (art. 4, sec.
Grand jury
(art. 13, sec. 10), 865, 866,
944-
304, 698,
311.315-333.359-360,725; punishment, power of (art. 3, sec. 18), 304,
Homestead and exemption
698, 944; qualifications: representatives (art.
Impeachment,
senators (art.
3, sec. 4), 292, 696, 944;
requirements for
bills
(art.
right of
population
(art. 3, sec.
10), 124, 153-157. 158,335.336-337. 350-353. 727. 944; formation (art. 3,
(art.
13, sec.
13),
866,
867, 944.
ment
officers
laws, 884.
liable
to judg-
(art.
3, sec. 28), 719, 944; subject to (art. 4, sec. 26), 74I, power of (art. 3, sec. 27), 309,
officers
944;
and acts
944;
protest (art. 3, sec. 14), 304, 697, 944; senatorial and representative districts: excess
veto power
404-442. 739. 944-
Habeas corpus
3, sec. 23), 305, 698,
944;
361-
residence, salary (art.
944; prohibition of special privileges or exemptions (proposed section),
3, sec. 3), 292, 695, 944;
737,
9),
qualifications for (art. 4, sec. 4),
3), 45, 84, 361, 735, 944;
quorum
303. 697, 944;
officers
702, 944-
Imprisonment
for
debt
(art. 13, sec. 15),
867, 944.
Indebtedness, see state debt tax.
Indictment, see grand jury. Internal inprovements, see corporation (art. lo, sec. 6).
sec. 9). 48. 124. 335. 726, 944;
senators, terms of (art. 3, sec. 5), 45, 292, 696, 944; special sessions (art. 4, sec. 10),
meeting
393-403, 737, 944; time of
(art. 3, sec. 11), 71, 84, 124,
Judges, election, time of (art.
5, sec. 13),
84, 804, 805, 944;
eligibility (art. 5,
1), 803, 804,
944; removal (art.
sec.
1
5, sec. 12), 806, 807,
944; salaries and
INDEXES Judges (cont.)
Negroes (cont.)
eligibility to other offices (art. 5, sec.
801, 803,
83,
71,
10),
1017
See
944.
863, 873, 944; restrictions in marriage
(proposed sections), 180, 871, 873.
supreme court. Oath,
Jurisdiction, see courts.
Jury,
by
trial
Justice, free
(art. 13, sec. 6), 864, 944.
and prompt
(art. 13, sec.
officers (art. 3, sec. 30), 310, 729,
944Officers, county,
removal of
(art. 5, sec.
25), 804-806, 944; disqualification
12), 866, 944.
Justices of the peace (art.
5, sec.
17),
crime
(art. 3, sec. 31),
by
720, 944; elec-
tion of not provided in constitution
785-786, 787-793, 944.
944; no life term (proposed section), 251. one lucrative office at a time (art. 5, sec. 23), 804, 805,
Laws, codification and publication, 890896;
style (art. 3, sec. 20), 306, 699,
944.
See general assembly, special
legislation.
Legislative
governor,
compensation
election, (art. 4, sec. 17), 738, 944; term, qualifications (art. 4, sec. 14),
rights of (art. 4, sec.
4°3. 737. 944;
I5)> 403> 737i 944; succession to (art. 4, sec. 18), 404, 738, 944.
i), 83,
and property
201;
qualifica-
Pardon, power of
(art. 4, sec.
8),
71
39i-293, 736, 944Penalties, proportioned to offense (art. 13, sec. 14), 867, 944.
Poll tax, see capitation.
Preamble, 837. Press and speech, freedom of (art. 13, sec. 23), 389, 872, 944.
(art. 13, sec.
846, 944.
Lotteries, authorized by general assem-
bly (art. 3, sec. 35), 109, 721, 944.
Lucrative
section),
(art. 3, sec. i), 44, 66,
19s, 284, 695, 944. Legislature, see general assembly.
Life, liberty
(proposed
tions (art. 6, sec. 7), 836, 944.
power
Lieutenant
Offices,
office, see offices.
Message, see governor.
Primogeniture,
law prohibiting
(pro-
posed section), 890. Probate justice, (proposed section), 109. Process, form of (art. 5, sec. 26), 798, 944. Protest, see general assembly.
Revenue,
see taxation.
Mileage, see general assembly, members:
compensation
Salaries
of.
Military, see civil power. Militia,
exemptions
324, 613, 944;
persons subject to
School fund, 170-185,
commissioned by governor
944; election (art. sec. 3), 613, 944; election of gener-
(art. 8, sec. 5), 613,
als (art. 8, sec. 4), 324, 613, 944.
(sec. 1-26), 944.
see militia.
Negroes, immigration and emancipation of in state (art. 14), 47, 201-228, 855-
191,
289, 809,
898, 899, 925. Seal of state (art. 4, sec. 25), 741, 944.
Search and seizure
(art. 13, sec. 7), 864,
944-
Seat of government, change of (schedule
proposed section), 290. Secretary of state
Navy,
compensation.
Schedule
privileges (art. 8, sec. 6), 324, 613,944.
8,
fees, see
Sale of lands, see special legislation.
(art. 8, sec. 2), 191,
service (art. 8, sec. i), 324, 613, 944;
officers:
and
(art. 4, sec. 22),
442-
444> 739-741; 944Sheriff,
term of
(art. 7, sec. 7), 71, 106,
250, 805-806, 944.
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
ioi8
Slavery and involuntary servitude
(art.
13, sec. i6), 83, 867, 944. 13, sec.
872,944. Sovereignty of the people
(art. 13, sec.
2), 846-853, 871,944. Speaker of the senate (art.
Supreme Court
(cont.)
456-484, 488, 743-759. 762-765, 887,
Soldiers, quartering (art.
22),
provision for altering (art. 5, sec. ^i), 889, 890, 944; named (art. 5, sec. 30),
887-890, 944; terms of
(art. 5, sec. 4),
82,488,489,765. jurisdiction (art. 5, sec. 5), 82, 454,
4, sec. 16),
738, 944Special legislation, prohibiting sale of
765, 944;
members, quorum
sec. 2), 82,
lands (art. 3, sec. 36), 310, 721, 944. Speech, freedom, see press.
of cases tried,
454-456, 761,944; number number of pending, 106,
State's attorney (art. 5, sec. 28), 190,
888, 890, 944;
193-191, 944State debt tax (art. 15), 48-50, 305, 457, See 885, 928,929, 931-939, 944. appropriations and debt.
to other offices (art. 5, sec. 10), 71,
State treasurer (art. 4, sec. 24), 190,
1
meeting
10; places of
(art. 5, sec. 31),
and
salaries
terms
83, 802, 803;
tion (art.
5,
sec.
(art.
eligibility
(art. 5, sec. 6),
489-499, 767, 799, 944; vacancies
(art. 5,
time of elec-
14), 804, 805, 944; sec.
5,
9),
801,
802.
514. 515. 741. 944Suffrage, disqualifications (art. 6, sec. 8),
609, 612, 944; qualifications (art. 6, sec. i), 47, 105-106, 170, 515-518,
524-608, 611, 944; residence not lost by absence from United States on
Taxation, capitation tax 45-71,
90-100,
611,
(art. 9, sec. i),
615-626,
815-817, 944; corporate taxes sec.
5),
638, 820, 944;
business of the state (art. 6, sec. 5), residence of soldiers,
(art. 9, sec. 3), 633, 637,
seamen and marines
ment (proposed
609, 612, 944;
(art. 6, sec. 6),
720, 944.
Supreme
of public
instruction
schools), 48, 899, 900-925,
court, appeals
and writs of
error (art. 5, sec. 32), 888, 890, 944; clerks:
election of (art. 5, sec. 2i),
83, 806, 809, 944; terms, duties,
pensation of (art.
section), 635;
powers
(art. 9, sec. 6),
redemption from tax
5, sec. 29), 83,
provided for
(art.
uniform
rule,
special
taxes
sec. 2), 70, 92, 106, 191,
(art.
9,
192-195, 250,
627, 629-632, 814, 816, 871, 944.
Township organization
(art. 7, sec. 6),
845, 944-
com797,
798, 944; judges: grand divisions for election of,
638, 820, 944;
sales (art. 9, sec. 4), 634, 819, 944;
Superintendent
(common
816, 944; (proposed section), 201; form of pay-
of general assembly
609, 612, 944. Suits against state (art. 3, sec. 34), 310,
809,
(art. 9,
exemptions
5, sec. 3), 82,
Veto power
(art. 4, sec. 21), 83,
404-442,
739, 944-
Voting by ballot 608, 612, 944.
(art. 6, sec. 2), 48, 84,
ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
ion
Slavery and involuntary servitude
(art.
13, sec. 16), 83, 867, 944.
Soldiers, quartering (art.
22),
872, 944.
Sovereignty of the people
(art. 13, sec.
846-853, 871, 944.
2),
Speaker of the senate
Supreme Court
(cont.)
456-484, 488, 743-759, 762-765, 887,
13, sec.
provision for altering (art. 5, sec. 33), 889, 890, 944; named (art. 5, sec. 30),
887-890, 944; terms of
(art. 5, sec. 4),
82,488,489,765.
(art. 4, sec. 16),
738. 944-
jurisdiction (art. 5, sec. 5), 82, 454,
members, quorum
765, 944;
Special legislation, prohibiting sale of
lands (art. 3, sec. 36), 310, 721, 944.
(art. 5,
454-456, 761,944; number of cases tried, number of pending, 1 06, sec. 2), 82,
Speech, freedom, see press.
no;
State's attorney (art. 5, sec. 28), 190,
888, 890, 944;
793-797, 944State debt tax (art. 15), 48-50, 305, 457, 885, 928,929, 931-939, 944- See
to other offices (art. 5, sec. 10), 71,
appropriations and debt. State treasurer (art. 4, sec. 24), 190,
places of meeting (art. 5, sec. 31),
83, 802, 803;
and
salaries
terms
489-499, 767, 799, 944;
eligibility
5, sec. 6),
(art.
time of elec-
tion (art. 5, sec.
14), 804, 805, 944;
vacancies
5,
(art.
sec.
9),
801,
802.
514.515,741,944Suffrage, disqualifications (art. 6, sec. 8),
609, 6i2, 944;
qualifications (art. 6,
i), 47, 105-106, 170, 515-518, 524-608, 611, 944; residence not lost by absence from United States on
sec.
Taxation, capitation tax 45-7',
90-100,
611,
(art. 9, sec. i),
615-626,
815-817, 944; corporate taxes sec.
5),
638, 820, 944;
business of the state (art. 6, sec. 5), residence of soldiers,
(art. 9, sec. 3), 633, 637,
seamen and marines
ment (proposed
609, 612, 944;
(art. 6, sec. 6),
609, 612, 944. Suits against state (art. 3, sec. 34), 310, 720, 944.
of
public
instruction
(common schools), 48, 899, 900-925, Supreme court, appeals and writs of error (art. 5, sec. 32), 888, 890, 944; election of (art. 5, sec. 2i),
83, 806, 809, 944; terms, duties,
pensation of (art.
section), 635; powers of general assembly (art. 9, sec. 6),
638, 820, 944;
5, sec. 29), 83,
797,
rule,
redemption from tax special
taxes
sec. 2), 70, 92, ro6, 191,
(art.
9,
192-195, 250,
627, 629-632, 814, 816, 871, 944.
Township organization
(art. 7, sec. 6),
845, 944.
Veto power
(art. 4, sec. 21), 83,
404-442,
739, 944-
judges: grand divisions for election
provided for
uniform
com-
798, 944;
of,
816, 944; (proposed section), 201; form of pay-
sales (art. 9, sec. 4), 634, 819, 944;
Superintendent
clerks:
809,
(art. 9,
exemptions
(art. 5, sec. 3), 82,
Voting by ballot 608, 612, 944.
(art. 6, sec. 2), 48, 84,
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