Constitutional Series (The Constitutional Debates of 1847) [II]

Citation preview

COLLECTIONS OF THE

ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL

LIBRARY EDITED BY

CLARENCE WALWORTH ALVORD UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

VOLUME XIV

ILLINOIS

STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY

BOARD OF TRUSTEES EvARTS BouTELL Greene, President Charles Henry Rammelkamp, Vice-President Otto Leopold Schmidt, Secretary

Jessie

Palmer Weber,

Librarian

ADVISORY COMMISSION EVARTS BOUTELL GrEENE William Edward Dodd James Alton James

Andrew Cunningham McLaughlin William Augustus Meese Edward Carleton Page Charles Henry Rammelkamp Clarence Walworth Alvord, ex officio

CONSTITUTIONAL SERIES VOLUME

II

THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATES OF

1847

COLLECTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY

VOLUME XIV

CONSTITUTIONAL SERIES, VOLUME

II

THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATES OF

1847

Edited with Introduction and Notes by

ARTHUR CHARLES COLE University of Illinois

Published by the Trustees of the

ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS 19I9

Copyright, 1919 BY

The

Illinois State Historical Library

PREFACE The addition of seventy-two years

to Illinois history,

and a fifth attempt to remodel her fundamental law, have made apparent the value of publishing the debates of the Constitutional Convention of 1847. Working in an atmosphere of "economy, retrenchment, and reform," the delegated representatives of the authority Commonwealth in 1847 decided to forego an official edition of debates and content themselves with newspaper versions. Many were aware of the service which a collection of debates would have rendered to other bodies similarly engaged in that time of constituof this

'

tional reform;

they were not so alive to their obliga-

tions to posterity

and

to their successors in constitu-

amendment in Illinois. The present volume is the

tional i

result of an effort to re-

construct the records of this convention. I

'^ ..

,v^

The most

complete single account available was found in the tri- weekly edition of the Illinois State Register; strangely enough, however, the weekly edition often contained more detailed accounts of certain addresses and debates. The reporters were not always prompt in their arrival nor were they always able to hear what was said. The Register, too, was not always ready to devote space to It left this obligathe utterances of party opponents. No other papers tion to its rival, the Sangamo Journal. in Illinois attempted to present a running record of the debates. Newspaper correspondents were at the convention in force but at best they were satisfied with

iv

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

making

daily

memoranda of the

topics discussed, of the

trend of the debates, and of the current political gossip. The version presented in this volume is the Register tri-weekly account supplemented in important omisby items from the weekly edition and from the

sions

Sangamo Journal. of this volume has been made by the codperation of Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber of the Illinois State Historical Library and of Dr. W. F.

The preparation

possible

Reference Bureau. The were those of the Illinois State Historical Library. They have been supplemented for editorial work by the files of the Chicago Historical Society, of the Newberry Library, Chicago,

Dodd of the

newspaper

Illinois Legislative

files

used

in the text

of the Library of Congress, and of the Illinois Historical Survey. The index has been prepared for the practical

use of students of political science by Miss Ethel Gwinn, working under the direction of Professor John A. Fairlie.

I

am

especially indebted to

Armstrong, who,

Miss Nellie C.

in the capacity of editorial assistant,

has shown the greatest zeal and care in collating and proof-reading.

Arthur Urbana, Illinois January, 1920

C.

Cole

CONTENTS Introduction I.

xv

Monday, June

1847

7,

i

The convention assembled;

of

credentials

president, secretary, sergeant-at-arms elected;

discussed;

presented;

printing of the debates

"economy, retrenchment and reform".

Tuesday, June

II.

members

Employment of tion to limit

9

8

additional officers discussed;

pay of members and

officers;

authority of conven-

report of

Committee on

Rules adopted.

Wednesday, June

III.

22

9 discussed; employment of pay of members of convention; ad-

Legislative powers of the convention

additional officers considered; ditional officers elected.

Thursday, June 10

IV.

Length of daily

42

sessions decided upon;

presentation of various

resolutions pertaining to organization.

V.

Friday, June

ii

Reconsideration

of

45 the

advisability of taking

up

Monday, June

the

convention;

debate

on

on three great departments of Committee of the Whole.

resolutions

government; resolutions discussed

VI.

of

rules

in

14

65

Standing committees announced; discussion as to form of procedure in "the amendment, revision or alteration" of the constitution; presentation of

resolutions

on subjects of banking, executive authority,

state borrowing power; discussion as to advisability of printing debates.

VII.

Tuesday, June

15

Presentation of resolutions on subjects of judiciary, state borrowing

power, veto power, manner of elections, term and salary of governor

and members of General Assembly; discussion on bank question.

82

CONTENTS

vi

VIII.

Wednesday, June Debate on subject of

Thursday, June

IX.

Bank

90

i6

poll tax as

remedy

for state debt.

'

17

question debated;

.

.

100

presentation of "equal rights" petition;

abolition of county commissioners' court discussed;

presentation of

resolutions on subjects of lotteries, divorces, abolishing office of probate justice

and county recorder, banking.

no

Friday, June 18

X.

Resolution prohibiting formation of new counties less than four hundred square miles in area; debate on resolution; debate on question of limiting numbers of the General Assembly.

Saturday, June 19

XI.

127

Debate on numbers of General Assembly; on county representative system; "economy, retrenchment and reform."

XII.

Monday, June

21

153

Debate on county representative system; on representation based on population; presentation of "equal rights" petition.

XIII.

Tuesday, June 22

159

Appointment of committee representative districts;

cery and

common

subject of banks;

XIV.

law;

to apportion state into senatorial

and

presentation of resolutions on courts of chandiscussion on election of secretary;

debate on

presentation of resolution concerning suffrage.

Wednesday, June

23

171 debate on investon subject of revenue.

Presentation of resolutions concerning education;

ment of school funds

XV.

in state bonds; discussion

Thursday, June 24

190

Presentation of resolutions from Committee on Organization of

Departments and Officers connected with the Executive Department; on taxation of government lands; on prohibition of dueling; rate of maximum taxation; limitation of power of legislature; agricultural resources of state; pay of members of convention; amendments to new constitution;

XVI.

prohibition of immigration of free negroes.

Friday, June 25

Immigration of free negroes; suffrage rights of citizens of other states; debate on subject of negro rights.

210

CONTENTS

vii

Saturday, June 26

XVII.

229

Petition prohibiting immigration of negroes to and emancipation of

negroes in state; debate on subject of negro rights; personal difficulties

Committee on Education.

in

Monday, June

XVIII.

28

251

Resolutions concerning banking; debate on bank question.

XIX.

Tuesday, June 29

267

Debate on the subject of banks; question of absolute or temporary prohibition; liability of directors and stockholders.

XX.

Wednesday, June 30

284

Consideration of report of Committee on the Legislative Depart-

ment; debate on length and frequency of

XXI.

Thursday, July

legislative sessions.

289

i

and frequency of on qualifications of representatives and senators; on numbers of representatives and senators. Presentation of resolutions; debate on length

legislative sessions, continued;

XXII.

Friday, July 2

299

Discussion concerning pay of convention members; revision of committee report, continued; time of meeting of legislature; officers of two

houses and quorum; passage of

Monday, July

XXIII.

bills.

305

5

Report of Committee on the Legislative Department discussed; pay of

members of legislature;

sale of lands;

XXIV.

eligibility to office;

suits against the state;

special legislation.

Tuesday, July 6

312

Reports from Committee on Incorporations presented;

from Com-

mittee on the Division of the State into Counties; report of Committee

on the Legislative Department discussed; debate on section 31 of the report.

XXV.

Wednesday, July

7

Report of Committee on the Legislative Department discussed; discussion on special legislation; on banks; question of representative apportionment.

324

CONTENTS

viii

XXVI.

Thursday, July

8

338

Newspaper misrepresentation of convention

delegates; limitation of

length and frequency of speeches of delegates; resolutions of

sympathy

and Houghton; eulogy; consideraCommittee on the Legislative Department; question

to the families of Hardin, Zabriskie, tion of report of

of representation; state debt.

XXVII.

Friday, July 9

356

Report of Committee on the Legislative Department; supplies, printing, etc., for the legislature; life, liberty, and property guaranteed; report of Committee on the Executive Department; governor's term of ofBce, date of election, eligibility to office, age requirement;

debate on

Native Americanism.

XXVIII.

Saturday, July 10

375

Report of Committee on the Executive Department;

debate con-

cerning governor's salary.

XXIX.

Monday, July

12

383

Report of Committee on the Executive Department; salary;

resolution concerning

governor's

Mr. Hale's denunciation of the Mexican

War.

XXX.

Thursday, July

15

391

Report of Committee on the Executive Department;

pardoning

power; special sessions of legislature.

XXXI.

Friday, July 16

Adoption of additional

395

rules of procedure;

the Executive Department;

lieutenant-governor; signing of

XXXII.

report of

Committee on

special sessions of legislature; bills;

duties of

veto power.

Saturday, July 17

424

Veto power; appointment or election of secretary of state; compensation of secretary of state.

XXXIII.

Monday, July

19

446

Resolutions on the deaths of Lieutenants Fletcher, Robbins, and

Ferguson;

report of

Committee on the Judiciary;

classes of courts,

regulation by constitution or legislature; jurisdiction of various courts;

personnel of supreme court.

CONTENTS XXXIV. Tuesday, July

ix

20

457

discontinuance of practice of Resolutions concerning state debt; opening sessions with prayer; report of Committee on the Judiciary; election or appointment of judges.

XXXV. Wednesday,

July

21

469

Report of Committee on the Judiciary; election of judges; system or general; term of judges.

XXXVI. Thursday, July

22

485

Discussion concerning treatment of clergymen in report of

ment

district

Committee on the Judiciary; number of

convention;

the

districts;

appoint-

or election of judges.

XXXVII.

Friday, July 23

498

Reportof Committee on the Judiciary; number of districts; supreme court sessions;

reference of report to a special committee;

report of

Committee on the Organization of Departments; auditor of public accounts; state treasurer; report of Committee on Elections and Right qualifications for right of suffrage.

of Suffrage;

XXXVIII.

Monday, July

26

519

Resolution concerning restoration of practice of opening convention discussion as to propriety of printing various

sessions with prayer;

propositions;

XXXIX.

discussion on the subject of a

new

carpet.

Tuesday, July 27

Right of suffrage;

on immigration;

effect

524 right of state to control

suffrage; Native Americanism.

Wednesday, July

XL.

28

551

Right of suffrage; lengthy debate on extension of suffrage to foreign-

Thursday, July 29

XLI.

Right of suffrage; debate continued; date of elections of

581 fixed;

XLII.

615

Friday, July 30

Report of Committee on Revenue; debate on subject of its

report

Committee on the Mihtia.

application to foreigners.

poll tax;

on

CONTENTS

X

XLIII.

Saturday, July 31

628

Discussion concerning date of adjournment of convention; report of Committee on the Revenue; taxation of "corporations and governments;" minimum land valuation; exemption from taxation.

Monday, August

XLIV.

2

636

Report of Committee on the Revenue;

exemptions from taxation;

sale of lands for taxation.

XLV.

Tuesday, August 3

640

Report of Committee on Incorporations; debate on subject of banking;

liability

XLVI.

of corporation members for corporation debts.

Wednesday, August 4

658

Continuation of debate on the bank question; or regulated system of banking;

absolute prohibition

submission of question separately to

people.

Thursday, August

XLVII.

674

5

Continuation of debate on the bank question; responsibility of corporation

members

for corporation debts

and

liabilities.

Friday, August 6

XLVIII.

695

Report of Committee on the Legislative Department, as amended committee of the whole.

XLIX.

Saturday, August

in

701

7

Resolutions of sympathy upon the death of Captain Franklin Niles; report of

Committee on the

state officers to other offices;

Legislative Department;

impeachment; special

eligibility

legislation;

of

ques-

tion of bank.

L.

Monday, August Bank

question;

707

9

limitation

upon

mission of bank question to people; in the

General Assembly;

oath of

legislative

power;

impeachment; office;

separate sub-

eligibility to seats

granting of divorces;

suits

against the state; lotteries; sale of lands belonging to individuals.

LI.

Tuesday, August id

722

Exemption of freehold from execution; division of sentative and senatorial districts;

apportionment of senators and representatives; monopolies.

state into repre-

personal liberty rights;

census;

state appropriations;

CONTENTS Wednesday, August

LII.

xi

II

730

Apportionment of representatives;

provisions

printing, binding, fuel, etc.; sale of land for taxes;

charter; review of report of

concerning

amendment

state

of bank

Committee on the Executive Department.

Thursday, August 12

LIII.

741

Consideration of report of Committee on the Executive Department; report of Committee on the Judiciary;

judges;

classes of courts;

mode

of selecting supreme court

personnel of supreme court.

Friday, August 13

LIV.

Mode

of selecting judges;

761 rotation of terms of office;

place of sessions of supreme court;

county courts;

jurisdiction;

county justices.

Saturday, August 14

LV.

County courts and probate;

justices;

770 mode

of selecting justices; court

quarterly terms of probate court;

jurisdiction;

county judge; appointment of committee to provide

for

of

duties of

submission of

constitution to people.

Monday, August

LVI.

County

courts;

16

775

clerk of county courts;

authority of legislature to

reorganize county court system; compensation of judges; justices of the peace.

LVII.

Tuesday, August

17

787

Jurisdiction of justice of peace;

attorney-general; prosecuting attor-

county prosecuting attorney; fees of attorneys; clerk of circuit court; clerk of supreme court; commissioning of judicial officers by ney;

governor;

LVIII.

form of judicial documents.

Wednesday, August

800

18

Division of state into judicial circuits;

cost of system;

terms of

court in each circuit;

salary of judges;

requirements for

length of term; prohibition of banks; report of

office;

Committee on Commons;

LIX.

eligibility to

other

offices;

poll tax.

Thursday, August

812

19

Division of state into representative and senatorial districts; revenue; poll tax;

sale of lands for taxes;

valuation of property.

CONTENTS

xii

Friday, August 20

LX.

821

Law Reform;

Formation of new counties; report of Committee on Committee on Townships.

report of

Saturday, August

LXI.

Printing of constitution in

21

839

German and Norwegian; time

of adjourn-

of convention; pay of members; Bill of Rights; right of abolish-

ment

ing the constitution.

Monday, August

LXII.

of Rights;

Bill

23

for indictment

854

religious freedom;

political rights of negroes; trial

by grand jury;

freedom of election;

by jury; search and

bail; penalties;

civil

and

seizure; necessity

imprisonment

for debt;

ex post facto laws.

Tuesday, August 24

LXIII.

Prohibition of dueling;

mode

bly;

and representative

Wednesday, August

LXIV.

three mill tax;

circuit courts;

report of

freedom of

districts.

25

879

Senatorial and representative districts;

Finance;

right of peaceable assem-

right to reform government;

of levying tax;

division of senatorial

press;

869

rights of negroes;

report of

Committee on

three grand judicial circuits;

Committee on Law Reform;

appeal from codification of

laws.

LXV.

Thursday, August 26

Adoption of new convention tion;

LXVI.

rules;

897 report of

Committee on Educa-

duties of superintendent of schools; educational needs of state.

Friday, August 27

Education;

mode

LXVII.

922

of selecting superintendent of schools; govern-

ment money for schools; report of Committee on Revision; ment of constitution; question of finance.

amend-

Saturday, August 28

931

Collection of taxes; state debt; printing of constitution; distribution

of constitution

foreign population.

Monday, August 30

LXVIII. Time

among

of elections;

delegate.

copies of the Journal of the Convention to each

941

CONTENTS Wednesday, August

LII.

xi

730

II

Apportionment of representatives;

provisions

printing, binding, fuel, et(i; sale of land for taxes;

charter; review of report of

Committee on the Executive Department.

Thursday, August

LIII.

concerning state

amendment of bank

12

741

Consideration of report of Committee on the Executive Department;

Committee on the Judiciary; mode of selecting supreme court personnel of supreme court.

report of

classes of courts;

judges;

Friday, August 13

LIV.

Mode

of selecting judges;

place of sessions of supreme

761 rotation of terms of office; court;

county courts;

jurisdiction;

county justices.

Saturday, August 14

LV.

County courts and probate;

justices;

770 mode

of selecting justices; court

quarterly terms of probate court;

jurisdiction;

county judge; appointment of committee to provide

for

of

duties of

submission of

constitution to people.

Monday, August

LVI.

County

courts;

16

clerk of

775

county courts;

authority of legislature to

reorganize county court system; compensation of judges; justices of the peace.

LVII.

Tuesday, August

787

17

Jurisdiction of justice of peace;

court;

fees of attorneys;

clerk of circuit

supreme court; commissioning of judicial form of judicial documents.

clerk of

governor;

LVIII.

attorney-general; prosecuting attor-

county prosecuting attorney;

ney;

Wednesday, August

officers

by

800

18

Division of state into judicial circuits;

cost of system;

terms of

court in each circuit;

salary of judges;

requirements for

length of term; prohibition of banks; report of

office;

Committee on Commons;

LIX.

eligibility to

other

offices;

poll tax.

Thursday, August

812

19

Division of state into representative and senatorial districts; revenue; poll tax;

sale of lands for taxes;

valuation of property.

1

CONTENTS

xii

Friday, August 20

LX.

821

Law Reform;

Formation of new counties; report of Committee on Committee on Townships.

report of

Saturday, August 21

LXI.

839

Printing of constitution in German and Norwegian; time of adjournment of convention; pay of members; Bill of Rights; right of abolishing the

I

Monday, August

LXII.

of Rights;

Bill

23

for indictment

854

religious freedom;

political rights of negroes; trial

by grand jury;

freedom of election;

by jury; search and

bail; penalties;

civil

and

seizure; necessity

imprisonment

for debt;

ex post facto laws.

Tuesday, August 24

LXIII.

Prohibition of dueling;

mode

bly;

right to reform

division of senatorial

press;

three mill tax;

circuit courts;

freedom of

districts.

25

879

Senatorial and representative districts;

Finance;

right of peaceable assem-

government;

and representative

Wednesday, August

LXIV.

869

rights of negroes;

of levying tax;

report of

Committee on

three grand judicial circuits;

report of Committee on

Law Reform;

appeal from codification of

laws.

LXV.

Thursday, August 26

Adoption of new convention

rules;

897 report of

Committee on Educa-

tion; duties of superintendent of schools; educational needs of state.

LXVI.

Friday, August 27

922

mode of selecting superintendent of schools; government money for schools; report of Committee on Revision; amendment of constitution; question of finance. Education;

LXVII.

Saturday, August 28

931

Collection of taxes; state debt; printing of constitution; distribution

of constitution

foreign population.

Monday, August 30

LXVIII. Time

among

of elections;

delegate.

copies of the Journal of the Convention to each

94

CONTENTS LXIX.

xiii

Tuesday, August 31

Adoption of constitution; provisions adjournment of convention.

944 for signing

by absent members;

Biographical Appendix List of

949

members; biographical sketches.

Bibliography

987

Index Name

999 index;

articles

and

sections;

subject index.

INTRODUCTION A

over two decades of development under its original charter of statehood brought Illinois to the point where it chafed at the restraints of its constitutional swaddling clothes. The movement for a new little

constitution, therefore, received definite recognition in

the legislative session of 1840-1841

when

a joint resolu-

Convenmore than the twovote required by the fundamental law. The

tion to refer the question of a Constitutional

tion to the popular vote received

thirds

Advocate soon listed seventeen reasons for a convention and in successive issues proceeded to explain Belleville

them to its readers, who seem to have responded favorably to the program set forth.^ Most of the political spokesmen of the day, however, hesitated to place specific reasons for a convention before the voters with the result that the election of August

i, 1842, revealed a serious indifference on the part of the elector-

ate

and the proposition

failed to secure the required

majority.

Again in 1845 the General Assembly moved to submit the proposition to the electorate and this time the convention backers carried the day by a vote of 57,806 to 18,568.' There followed a fight between northern Illinois and Egypt as to whether the census of 1 840 or the figures of 1 845 should be used as a basis ^Belteville Advocate, October 21, December 2, 9, 1841. ^The figures in the Secretary of State's Records of Election Returns, 1:364-365, are too incomplete for citation. 'Records of Election Returns, 1:476-477. Tlie gubernatorial contest of the same year drew out 100,847 votes. Both elections were held on August 3, 1846.

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xvi

apportionment. In this skirmish the northern advocates of the 1 845 basis were successful in securing for their section the advantage of its rapid growth during the forties. On April ig, 1847, the election of By this time the party leaders delegates took place. for

were trying to define a strategy which would enable

them to control the situation. The Democrats became more and more vocal on the importance of an anti-bank provision, of popular election of state officials, including even supreme court judges, of an effective veto power, and of insuring the infusion of pure democratic principles into the fundamental law. The Whigs openly accepted the popular demand for economy and reform; inwardly they nursed hopes of excluding foreigners from suffrage by a citizenship qualification and of inserting a clause permitting some sort of a banking system. The Democrats hauled out the obligation of party regularity while the Whigs concealed their ambitions in a subtle insinuating appeal to a "no party" stand.^ When at length the results of the election were tabulated it was found that while the

Democrats had elected a the

162 delegates,

the

safe majority with gi out of

Whigs were represented

in

grave element of uncertainty in the work of the convention. sufficient force to occasion a

The

Constitutional Convention which assembled at June 7, 1847, included only 7 native Illi-

Springfield, noisians.

There were 26

New

Englanders, 38 from

the middle states, 35 from the South Atlantic seaboard, 41 from Kentucky and Tennessee, and 10 from Ohio *See Campbell's complaint against this "no party" trick, post, 480: "He scorned such tricks, preferring the bold, manly course of a whig like Harry of the West, who never said 'no party.' " See also Illinois Stale Register, April 2.

INTRODUCTION

xvii

and Indiana.^ Here was eloquent testimony to the westward course of empire. Of the delegates, the farmers with 75 were most numerous, but there were 54 lawyers, besides 12 physicians, g merchants, 5 mechanics, and 7 others. It was a body of young men nearer in age to the two twenty-six-year-old delegates than the sage of sixty-six. Several members brought to the convention valued experiences garnered in long and active political careers.

The most conspicuous of

these

Mt. Vernon, whose public

services

was Zadoc Casey, of had already included lieutenant-governor, and five terms in Con-

a term as

At the age of

gress.

have

lost

much

fifty-one,

however, he seems to

of his vigor of action, so that the quiet

influence of his presence

was greater than that of

his

utterances before the convention; there was complaint, indeed, that instead of participating in the debates and

giving the delegates the benefit of his age and experience,

he offered "nothing but continual croaking, adjourn! adjourn. "«

The group of more

active participants in the con-

vention debates included delegates in various stages of William R. Archer, a rising young their public careers.

lawyer from Pittsfield, displayed qualities of leadership which explain his later political activity. Albert G.

Shawneetown attorney, Charles H. ConWhig leader and state senator, were frequently on the floor of the convention. Thompson Campbell of Galena, who had for four years rendered capable service as secretary of state, was an Caldwell, a

stable,

^

an influential

Five of foreign birth included three from Scotland and one each from Germany See list of members; cf. AUon Telegraph and Democratic Review,

and Ireland. July

9. ^ See,

post, 843.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xviii

and eloquent spokesman of the Democratic John Dement, the Dixon delegate, by his

energetic faith.

activity qualified for his later services in the constitu-

Ninian from Springfield, David L. Gregg, an influential Chicagoan of opposite stripe, Samuel S. Hayes, the twenty-sixyear-old delegate from Carmi, and Lincoln B. Knowlton, the eloquent Peoria lawyer, were frequently on the floor. Samuel D. Lockwood of Jacksonville, and Stephen T. Logan of Springfield, two staunch conservative Whig veterans, honored the convention with the experiences of their long political careers. The young lawyer from Carlinville, John M. Palmer, at this convention laid the foundations for the brilliant career which lay ahead of him. Judge Walter B. Scates of Mt. Vernon, was one of the most active influences in the tional conventions of 1862,

W. Edwards, an

and 1869-1870.

agressive veteran

Whig

legislator

convention. James W. Singleton of Mt. Sterling, Archibald Williams of Quincy, and David M. Woodson of Carrollton, aggressively upheld the Whig cause against the attacks of various capable Democratic opponents, among whom were Francis C. Sherman of Chicago, and Hezekiah M. Wead, a lawyer from Lewistown.'

The cratic

organization of the convention by the Demomajority with Newton Cloud of Waverly as

presiding officer,

removed the potent influence of

this

preacher-farmer-legislator from the active counsels of

the convention.

candidate in the

The Whigs field

but aided

did not place a party in the election

of Cloud

'During the early days of the session a contemporary critic complained of an unwarrantable propensity for making speeches among " the unfledged politicians, and embryo statesmen." Allan Telegraph and Democratic Review, June 25.

INTRODUCTION

xix

over Zadoc Casey.' Henry W. Moore, a Gallatin County lawyer, was engaged to act as secretary and John A. Wilson as sergeant-at-arms. The convention was now ready to proceed. The Sangamon County Whig delegates, Edwards and Logan, proposed, on the basis of economy, to ignore the legislative arrangement for the election of a printer with a fixed compensation and to let the work to the lowest They also opposed the responsible and capable bidder. election of assistant secretaries and of an assistant to the sergeant-at-arms. The Whig keynote, "economy, retrenchment, and reform," had already been sounded by Benjamin Bond of Carlyle, in a successful appeal to the convention to Hmit the number and pay of officers of

The Democrats, unwilling to lose the of their victory at the polls, challenged such economy and fought to rescind the Bond resolution; they claimed that all matters pertaining to the number the convention.

fruits

and pay of

officers

had been

settled in the legislative

act which ordered the convention.

the brand of

economy

They

challenged

that involved days of debate and

a protracted session in order to save a few salary items. At length by sheer weight of numbers the Democrats

won out and

later elected the additional officers.

The

four days of debate on these preliminary questions seem not to have been entirely wasted. The discussion

on economy developed into a consideration of the relative powers of the legislative authority of the state and of the convention; and while certain Democratic

members regarded the Whig economy stand

as involv-

'The Democratic caucus was unable to agree upon a candidate. Casey was brought forward as an anti-bank man and Dement withdrew in his favor; Cloud was supported by the advocates of a regulated banking system. Chicago Democrat, June

15, 22.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

XX

ing a waste of time "spent in demagogueism, in making speeches for Buncome,"' others, Hke Campbell of Jo Daviess, agreed with their opponents that the discussion

was worth while because of its value in clearing up questions and enabling members "ta arrive at the true principles on which they should act/'^" The sixth day of the convention completed the preliminary work of organization. The rules of the convention had been agreed upon. Standing committees had been announced, and the order of procedure The original constitution was to be read defined. article by article and section by section and the amending propositions were to be referred for consideration to appropriate committees. On the fourth day, Woodson had presented a set of resolutions defining the authority of the three departments of state government; this proved to be an attempt, on the part of at least certain Whigs, to steal a march on their opponents,

and

after an extended debate the formal order of procedure was agreed upon.

On June

14, the

question of the advisability of

Lanphier and Walker, were publishing in the Siaie Register a record which, although fairly comprehensive, reflected the lack of formal obligation to present an accurate and complete account. The printing the debates was raised.

who had been chosen

Register left to

its

official printers,

rival,

the

Sangamo Journal, the

opportunity of doing justice to addresses by delegates.

The

reporters

in

any case defined

Whig their

obligations in terms of journalistic practice rather than in

terms of historical accuracy. ^Ste post, 30. '"Seepoi/, 38;

cf.

31,

But while the debate

INTRODUCTION

xxi

brought out a substantial agreement that "the pubHshed reports of the speeches of members of this body, as found in the newspapers of this city, are very inaccurate and faulty,"" considerations of economy bore the proposition for an official version; and the

down

suggestion that the

members

expenses of publishing

the

personally contribute to the

debates was never

formally considered. The convention of 1847 performed its task in a day when party allegiance weighed heavily upon the voter

and

his representative.

The

delegates in this case had

been chosen primarily upon party extent

by complex

sectionalistic

some The most

lines altered to

forces.

fundamental force was the cleavage between the Democratic apostles of human rights and Whig championship of the rights of property. The Whigs trembled before the menace of "radicalism," of "Locofocoism;" the Democrats were kept in a state of terror by the incubus of "bankism" and its companion bogies. But sectional influences at times not only allayed these fears but even produced Whig "radicals" and Democratic "bankites."

The Whig

delegates went to the convention with a

it was their duty to "dull the edge of radicahsm, " to keep the new constitution from being made the "plaything of Locofocoism. "'^ From the very start radicalism seemed to show "its cloven foot in the proceedings of the dominant party," but the

strong conviction that

post, 75. Members frequently found it necessary to correct the newsSee note 3, page 20, note 9, page 48, note 17, page 89. As commented on omissions as follows: "He would also that there was no fear of his speeches being published; the reporters never state reported him. He had made no arrangements with them for that purpose." See post, 792. ^^ Chicago Daily Journal, April 22; cf. Belleville Advocate, June 3.

"See

paper accounts.

influential a delegate as Scates

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxii

Whigs were pleasantly surprised with the conservatism that revealed itself in a majority of the body." On points, too, Whigs could not but yield to the

many

democratic trend of the age. But on questions that permitted a party alignment they rallied their forces almost to a man.'*

The supreme test of strength between the convencame over the question of bank or no bank. The Democrats, who had for years been insisting that bank charters were "inconsistent with democracy or religion,"" who had sought to arouse the people against tion parties

renew "the miserable rag system by which they have already lost so much,"'" had raised this issue The Whigs, fearful of the in the convention election. "popular clamor" against banks, had evaded the

efforts to

question

except

in

their

own

strongholds."

election revealed not only a remarkable

showing

The

for the

Whig

candidates but even the election of a considerable group of "bank Democrats." The tendency of leading Democratic spokesmen to turn the "bank Democrats" over to the opposition,'* no doubt consolidated the pro-bank party and made it a conservative force by which other Whig propositions were carried. In organizing the convention the bank party had supported Newton Cloud, as favorable to banks under ^^ Chicago Daily Journal, June Alton Telegraph and Democratic Review, 14; The Telegraph actually forecast a constitution "that will be satisII, 25. factory to the people, and beneficial to the State." ^*Illinois State Register, July 31, August 6; Shawneetown Democrat, in Chicago Democrat, August 24. ^^ Chicago Democrat, January 26, 1846. ^^Joliet Democrat, in ihid., July 18, 1846. Chicago Daily Journal, March 18; Sangamo Journal, April 29; cf. Illinois

June

^''

State Register, July i. freely turn over to their aid every

""We

is

such a white blackbird)."

bank democrat

Chicago Democrat, April 6;

in the State (if there

cf. ibid.,

April 13.

INTRODUCTION

xxiii

proper restrictions, over Casey, a straight-out anti-bank So the bank issue was in the foreground from Lines were drawn between those in the very start. favor of a complete prohibition of banks and those willing to accept a properly safeguarded general banking system." On June 14, in spite of the fact that the convention had voted a regular order of procedure which made such action premature, anti-bank resolutions were introduced by Markley and Pratt and the rules suspended From this time the bank to permit their reference. question was almost daily before the convention, consuming a large share of its time and efforts. On fourteen days of the session it was the direct subject of debate and was almost as frequently linked with other questions that came up. On June 15, Hurlbut brought up a resolution in favor of the liberal New York system of banking. Opportunity was then afforded to take test votes which resulted in a rejection of both the New York system and the prohibition proposition.^") Only fifty-two Democrats and six Whigs from southern counties lined up for complete restriction; it was as much a case of northern Illinois versus Egypt as Whig versus Democrat. On June 11, Gregg of Cook County introduced resolutions to inquire into the expediency of a highly restrictive general banking law. The fight then centered on the question of absolute prohibition or a regulated system. The committee on incorporations finally brought in a majority report for restriction

man.

"According to an early canvass only one Whig, Davis of Bond, was for prohitwo Democratic members from Will, two from Morgan, two from Du

bition while

Page, one from Cook, and probably others were opposed to absolute prohibition. Chicago Daily Journal, June ii\ cf. Illinois State Register, June 19, 24. ''^Illinois State Register,

June

24, 25.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxiv

and a minority report

for prohibition.^^

half of August this question

was contested

In the

first

to a decision.

final result was an article prohibiting a state bank, but permitting the legislature to enact laws authorizing corporations or associations with banking powers provided that they should not go into effect until submitted to the popular vote.

The

The Whigs made

their first offensive

move

in pro-

posing a poll tax on June i6. They defended it on the basis that every class, and not merely the property holders, should bear a share of the public burdens. Democratic spokesmen exploded the assumption that non-property-holders did not contribute to the support of the state and condemned the tax as wrong in princiAfter a long discussion the poll tax proposition ple. was carried, io8 to 49, leaving the levy of the tax to the The Democratic support discretion of the legislature.

of this proposition came largely from southern Illinois. -^ The Democrats had always charged their opponents with nativism; the debates at the convention of 1847

showed that of truth.

this

charge was not without a foundation first suggested in the proposal that

This was

"no person except

a natural born citizen, or a citizen of

the United States at the time of the adoption of this constitution, shall be eligible to the office of Governor;"

Whigs generally took a stand in favor of this amendment requiring a fourteenyear residence period of naturalized citizens. The party line was even more sharply defined later when the the

provision or of Logan's

2'

Harvey presented the majority report and Kinney

Democrats.

the minority.

Both were

See poj/, 312-315.

Wead and Farwell objected to this "See Chicago Democrat, June 22. special burden upon residents of the state while non-residents " by whom the greater part of the land in our state was owned, paid none of it." See post, 622, 624.

INTRODUCTION suffrage question

came up and the Whigs

a citizenship quahfication for

all

xxv insisted

who should

The Democrats

future immigrate to lUinois.

upon

in

the

generally

defended the right of foreigners to a voice in elections but defection from their ranks enabled the Whigs to carry their point for what they considered a true Americanism. 23 In the matter of the veto power the Whigs won another victory. The Democrats had come to the convention with a strong determination to provide for an effective gubernatorial veto sufficiently guarded from abuse. In general they preferred that a veto should be overriden by nothing short of a two-thirds vote. The Democratic leaders eloquently expounded their position and cracked the whip to bring their followers Into line; but when the constitution took shape, the Whigs rejoiced in an arrangement which permitted the same majority which should have passed a law in the first instance, to enact it over the gubernatorial veto.

Most Whigs,

as well as

Democrats, had yielded

to

the democratic tendency toward a popular election of officials, toward even an elective judiciary. Largely for political reasons, which received strong

state

sectional reinforcement, they advocated the proposition

of having the supreme court consist of three judges

by the three respective sections of the

elected

The Democrats favored election

body

which would enable them

by

capitalizing

their

After a long verbal battle '^Illinois Stale Register,

207.

state.

the general ticket system of

it

to control the entire

numerical

superiority.

was agreed that the

state

July 27, 29, August 26; Journal of the Convention, 206,

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxvi

should be divided into three grand divisions and the qualified electors of each division should elect one of the judges for a period of nine years, with the proviso that after the first election the general assembly might

have the power "to provide by law for their election by the whole state, or by divisions," as it might deem expedient. This was clearly a compromise arrangement.

A lively skirmish took place over negro immigration A little corporal's guard of anti-slavery

into the state.

men went

to the convention

determined not only to

incorporate a slavery prohibition into the constitution

but also to remove any legal basis for acknowledging The Covenanters of Perry existence in other states. County and citizens of Randolph County encouraged them with petitions praying the abolition of all civil and political distinctions on account of color and the motion by Whitney of Boone County to strike out "white" in the resolution defining the franchise arrayed the seven champions of negro rights against the 137 other delegates. ^^ Next, Bond of Clinton County brought in a resolution in favor of an article prohibiting the immigration of free negroes into the state. This precipitated a heated debate with dramatic scenes. Again party lines broke down and northern delegates wrestled against the power of southern and central lUinois.^^ The committee on the Bill of Rights eventually brought in a its

section instructing the legislature

prohibit negro

immigration.

It

to enact laws

was

later

to

decided,

^Stepost, lojtf., 170 fF. 2^0n a test vote of eighty-seven to fifty-six, only eleven Democrats voted in the Only five votes came from delegates representing counties south of Morgan County. Journal of the Convention, 455-456. negative.

INTRODUCTION

'

xxvii

however, to make an independent article of the negro immigration restriction with provision for separate ratification. A numerous minority tried to secure the adoption of clauses prohibiting the extension of suffrage

and mulattoes, rendering them ineligible to and prohibiting the intermarriage of blacks and whites. It was pointed out, however, that this was an impHed admission of their possession of such rights as citizens of Illinois and of the United States and such clauses were accordingly omitted from the constito negroes

hold

office,

tution.

While the Illinois convention of 1 847 worked at its war was raging between the United States and the Mexican republic to the south. Abraham Lincoln in behalf of Illinois Whiggery, claimed that the war had been "unnecessarily and unconstitutionally commenced by the President." On July 11, 1847, the Reverend Albert Hale, pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Springfield, delivered two sermons in which he boldly proclaimed the injustice of the national cause and its tasks,

demoralizing effect upon the nation.

In the course of

remarks he was said to have stated that the volunteer, who was just then being welcomed back as a hero, had been transformed by the war into a "moral pest

his

to society."^^

Mr. Hale was one of the officiated in

local

clergymen who had

the convention at the opening prayers.

On

July 12, Akin of Franklin county denounced Hale's preaching before the convention and proposed that the clergyman "be excused from holding prayers in this

convention for the future."

The convention, however,

2«See post, 387; Illinois Slate Register, July 22.

xxviii

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

by an overwhelming vote adopted Akin's resolution.

a motion to table

A long debate followed:

the resolu-

was renewed, but John M. Palmer, a pro-war Democrat, moved a substitute declaring the principles of freedom of worship and freedom of speech and distion

claiming "all censorship over the pulpit, or the opinions expressed therefrom, inasmuch as such censorship is in violation of the rights of the Rev. gentleman.""

resolution virtually sustaining

The

Mr. Hale was barely

tabled (60-54), but the general declaration in favor of The principles involved was upheld (9-102).

the

convention then adjourned

in

order to proceed to

Jacksonville to participate in the ceremonies attendant

upon the funeral of Colonel Hardin, the Illinois war hero, in whose memory the delegates were, according to unanimous agreement, wearing crepe arm bands for a period of thirty days.

When Mr. Hale next appeared before the convention was "grossly insulted and menaced with bodily injury by a member of the convention." On July 2,0, therefore, it was agreed that "whereas, it to offer prayer he

is

alike

due

to the

Convention and the ministers that that duty unless

we should not invite them to perform we could secure them against such

indignities," the

custom of opening prayers should be discontinued, not "from any dissatisfaction with the manner in which they [the clergymen] have discharged their sacred duty, but solely from an unwillingness to subject them to a repetition of such indignities."

On rebuke '"

July 11, Hale's assailant was given a further in a debate over a resolution concerning the

Journal of the Convention, i68.

INTRODUCTION

xxix

which was defeated because it might have been interpreted as the result of a desire "to get rid of our chaplains and to procure others. "^^ On July 26 the resolution of July 20 was rescinded and the president was requested to provide for the opening of the morning session with prayer. By the middle of August the Whigs, with Democratic assistance, had carried every point upon which they had cared to make a stand. Democratic critics of orthodox stripe were completely disgusted. The correspondent of the Chicago Democrat suggested that the convention ought to be turned out "a la Cromwell:" election of a chaplain,

"The tive

truth

is,

to be of

the convention

much

use.

is

too horribly conserva-

Liberal principles stand no

True Republicanism is daily chance whatever. spurned and trampled under foot."-' There was also fear that the plan of apportionment for the senate endangered Democratic control of that body, if it did not actually turn it over to the Whigs.'" After the convention had finished its work, zealous Democratic champions became more and more convinced that the new constitution was "a mongrel Inasmuch, howaffair" likely to "make trouble."" ever, as 131 out of 138 members of the convention had given a final endorsement to the new constitution, few were willing to come out into a position of open hostilWhigs meantime proclaimed the document as ity. worthy of support because it was not a party constitu.

.

.

^See post, 487. ""Buena Vista" on August ii, in Chicago Democrat, August 24. See also "Beuna Vista" on August 6, in ibid., August 17; Shawneetown Democrat in ibid., August 24. ^Chicago Democrat, January 4, 1848. ^'Mark Skinner to Governor A. C. French, February 29, 1848, French papers; see also Koerner, Memoirs, 1 523-524. :

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

XXX

Everyone agreed that many of

tion.

its

provisions

were a decided improvement upon the old constitution,

and

made it risky to reject a document wrought much expense to the state. To the average voter

this

at so

the strict regard for tion

economy displayed by

was an important factor

the conven-

in attracting his support.'^

In the ratification election on

March

6,

1848, the

was adopted by a vote of 60,585 to 15,903. The separate negro immigration clause was ratified, constitution

50,261

to

21,297.

The convention, confronting

the

huge indebtedness which spelled virtual bankruptcy for the state, had decided not only to practice economy but also to stabilize public credit. A two mill tax was therefore

agreed upon

with provision

for

separate

For this feature there was little enthusiasm although it was adopted, 41,349 to 30,945. Thus with a narrow gauge economy was linked a device which ratification.

later aided materially in the financial rehabilitation of Illinois. '^Bel/evilk Advocate,

January

20, 1848;

§iiincy JVhig, February 2, 1848.

INTRODUCTION

xxix

which was defeated because

election of a chaplain,

it

might have been interpreted as the result of a desire "to get rid of our chaplains and to procure others. "=^ On July 26 the resolution of July 20 was rescinded and the president was requested to provide for the opening of the morning session with prayer. By the middle of August the Whigs, with Democratic assistance, had carried every point upon which they had cared to make a stand. Democratic critics of orthodox stripe were completely disgusted. The correspondent of the Chicago Democrat suggested that the convention ought to be turned out "a la Cromwell:"

"The tive

truth

is,

to be of

the convention

much

is

too horribly conserva-

Liberal principles stand no

use.

chance whatever. True Republicanism is daily spurned and trampled under foot."29 There was also fear that the plan of apportionment for the senate endangered Democratic control of that body, if it did not actually turn it over to the Whigs.^" After the convention had finished its work, zealous Democratic champions became more and more convinced that the new constitution was "a mongrel affair" likely to "make trouble."" Inasmuch, however, as 131 out of 138 members of the convention had given a final endorsement to the new constitution, few were willing to come out into a position of open hostility. Whigs meantime proclaimed the document as worthy of support because it was not a party constitu.

.

^Seepoi/, 487. ^'"Buena Vista" on August

"Beuna Vista" on August August

.

ii, in

6, in ibid.,

Chicago Democrat, August 24.

August

17;

Shawneetown Democrat

See also in ibid.,

24.

^"Chicago Democrat, Jajiuary 4, 1848.

^'Mark Skinner see also Koerner,

to Governor A. C. French, February Memoirs, i 523-524. :

29, 1848,

French papers;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

XXX

Everyone agreed that many of its provisions were a decided improvement upon the old constitution, and this made it risky to reject a document wrought tion.

at so

much expense

the strict regard for tion

to the state.

To

the average voter

economy displayed by

was an important factor

the conven-

in attracting his support.'^

In the ratification election on March 6, 1848, the was adopted by a vote of 60,585 to 15,903.

constitution

The

separate negro immigration clause was ratified,

50,261

to

21,297.

The convention, confronting

the

huge indebtedness which spelled virtual bankruptcy for the state, had decided not only to practice economy but also to stabilize public credit. A two mill tax was therefore agreed upon with provision for separate For this feature there was little enthusratification. iasm although it was adopted, 41,349 to 30,945. Thus with a narrow gauge economy was linked a device which later aided materially in the financial rehabilitation of Illinois. ''^Belleville

Advocate, January 20, 1848; putney Whig, February

2,

1848.

I.

MONDAY, JUNE

7,

1847

In pursuance of the provisions of the act of the General

Assembly, approved Feb. 20, 1847, entitled "An act to provide for the call of a Convention," the delegates to said Convention, chosen under said act, assembled this day in the hall of the House of Representatives, in the state house at Springfield, at 3 o'clock, p.

M.

Mr. SHERMAN called the Convention to order,i and moved that Zadoc Casey be appointed President pro tern.; which motion was unanimously adopted. On motion of Mr. SCATES, Louis M. Booth was appointed Secretary pro tern., and J. A. Wilson, doorkeeper pro tern. On motion of Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. Cline was appointed assistant door-keeper pro tern.

Mr.

THOMPSON

moved

names of the members be

that the

called.

Mr.

SCATES

suggested the propriety of having a magistrate

to adminster the oath to the

The

CHAIR

members.

suggested that no oath was necessary; and he

further suggested that, as the Secretary called the

members by

counties, they present their credentials.

On motion of Mr. DEMENT, Mr. was appointed Assistant Secretary pro The

Secretary then called over the

names were

Moore

of Gallatin county

tern.

list

of delegates, who, as their

called, presented their certificates of election; after

which they were again called, alphabetically, and the Chair announced that there were one hundred and fifty-four delegates in attendance.

Mr.

SCATES

offered the following resolution:

That each delegate of this Convention, before prothe transaction of any business, take an oath to support

Resolved,

ceeding to

the Constitution of the United States. ' Biographical sketches of the members and officers of the constitutional convention will be found in the biographical appendix.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

2

In offering the above, Mr. S. said, he was aware that the powers of this Convention are elementary, and that the members were not under any obligation to take an oath; yet, while there was no form of an oath prescribed for the members, he hoped they would take this one. There was ao apparent propriety in the oath, as no form of government they could adopt would be valid unless it corresponded with the constitution of the United States. Mr. THOMAS was not satisfied with the oath proposed to the Convention by the gentleman from Jefferson. Where was the necessity for any oath? This Convention represented the sovereignty of the state of Illinois. Its members were not responsible No punishto any power for the violation of the oath, if taken. ment could be awarded for a breach of it. He would remind the gentleman that there were constitutions adopted in other states before the United States had a constitution, and, therefore, he could see no obligation to swear to support the constitution This was his present view, but if the of the United States. gentleman could satisfy him that it was proper, he would vote

—

for

it.

Mr.

MINSHALL

would seem a manifest proit might be said, would impose no additional obligation, still could work no injury. Further, that as no form of government could be established by this Convention that would differ in character from that of the constitution of the United States, it appeared to him quite proper, though perhaps not necessary, to take an oath to support the constitution of the United States. He, however, would move, as an amendment to the resolution, the following, to be added thereto: "and to faithfully discharge the duties of their office as delegates of this Convention, for the purpose of revising and amending the constitution of the state of Illinois." The amendment having been agreed to, the question was put on the resolution, as amended, and decided in the affirmative. Mr. DAWSON moved that William Lavely, esq., be called said that there

priety in taking an oath which, although

within the bar to administer the oath.

Mr. LOGAN said, that for the purpose of economizing time, he hoped that the oath would be administered to the body collectively; which mode would save considerable time, and could be

MONDAY, JUNE

7,

1847

3

performed by the members without leaving their seats, simply by He made a motion to that effect. raising the hand. Mr. SCATES hoped the oath would be administered, if done at all, in a more dignified manner than that suggested by the member from Sangamon. The plan suggested might save a few moments' time, but would not comport with the proper dignity

which should accompany the administration of an oath. It reminded him of the manner in which the oath of allegiance was administered by the conquerers of New Mexico. Mr. LOGAN then moved a division of the question; which was lost. The members then were called to the desk by the Secretary, ten at a time, and the oath, as adopted, was administered to them by Wm. Lavely, esq. Mr. SERVANT moved that the Convention adjourn. Negatived yeas (,2, nays 92. Mr. BOND offered the following resolution: Resolved, That we will now proceed to organize this Convention, by electing a President, one Secretary, and one Sergeant-at-arms, and that no other officers shall be constituted or appointed until it becomes necessary, in the opinion of the President and principal Secretary, to employ some competent person to assist the Secretary in the discharge of his duties; when the Secretary may employ a competent assistant, to whom shall be paid the sum of two dollars per day, while necessarily employed; Provided, the Sergeant-at-arms may, in his discretion, employ some able-bodied person to assist

—

him

in discharging his duties, to

whom

sum

there shall be paid a

of one dollar per day, for each day necessarily employed; and he

may employ two active, orderly, and competent boys as messengers, &c.,

who

shall

each be paid the sum of

fifty

cents per

day

for the

time employed. In offering this resolution, he had but a few words to say. He intended no speech in support of it. If not all, many of us came here for purposes of economy, retrenchment, and reform. proposition at this season can carry out that purpose. at this season of the year dispense with

Convention

is

many

This

We

officers; for after

organized, the Secretary alone can perform

all

can the the

— ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

4

We

duties of the office. there

is

no necessity

need, at least

I

think, but one Secretary;

The resolution, however, when his services are required. mass of business, nor the great amount of for

an assistant.

provides for the employment of pne

—There

is

not the

copying to be done, as

is

the case at a meeting of the Legislature.

The Sergeant-at-arms, when he

required assistance, was ememploy it, at two dollars per day. The resolution he understood would meet with entire approbation. The boys provided for by the resolution can easily be procured here, at the rate

powered

fixed

—

to

fifty

The

cents a day.

resolution,

upon a

division,

was adopted.

Under

it,

the

Chair announced the next business to be the election of a President of the Convention, and suggested that the mode of electing him

was as the Convention would direct. Mr. WILLIAMS reminded the Chair that the act of the Legislature providing for a should be chosen by ballot.

call

of a Convention, directed that he

We might, it is

true, repeal the direc-

was repealed, he considered that we should conform to it. He moved that they proceed to elect by ballot. The reading of the law was called for, and the Secretary read tion,

but until

it

the 5th section of the act providing for a call of the Convention.

The motion was then put and carried. The Chair appointed Messrs. Logan, Scates, and Dunlap, and they, having received the ballots of the members, and counted them, reported as follows: For Newton Cloud, 84; Zadoc Casey, 65; Archibald Williams, a; Cyrus Edwards, 2. Whereupon, the Chair announced that Newton Cloud, esq., had been elected President of the Convention, and requested Messrs. Thompson and Hay to conduct him to the chair. tellers;

Upon

taking the chair, the President said

Gentlemen of the Convention: It is but proper, on entering upon the duty assigned me by the choice just made, that I should return you my'most sincere thanks for the honor you have conferred. I

enter~upon the discharge of the duties of President of this I feel that I have a

Convention|with^much*embarrassment, for difficult and important duty assigned me.

.

MONDAY, JUNE I

can only promise that

my

7,

1847

5

best efforts shall be

charge that duty faithfully and impartially, and that

made all

to dis-

the

little

devoted to the despatch and furtherI will not allude, however remotely, to the great objects upon which we have been called to act, but will conclude by returning you again my sincere thanks for the honor you have conferred on me. ability that I possess shall be

ance of the public business.

Mr.

DAVIS

of

McLean moved

to proceed to the election of a

Secretary by acclamation.

Mr. I

THOMAS. We

are not

all

in favor

of the same man.

object.

Mr. DAVIS. I, then, move to vote which motion was adopted. Mr.

Mr.

for Secretary viva voce;

WILLIAMS nominated Mr. Burt of Quincy. BALLINGALL nominated H. W. Moore of Gallatin

and

the Convention proceeded to vote for Secretary.

Mr. MooRE received 91 votes; Mr. Burt, 59; scattering, i; and Mr. Moore was declared elected. Mr. ALLEN nominated, for Sergeant-at-arms, Mr. J. A. Wilson. Mr. CONSTABLE moved that Mr. Wilson be elected by acclamation, and, after some debate, withdrew the motion. The Convention divided on the nomination, and Mr. Wilson was declared elected, he receiving 99 votes. Mr. THOMAS moved the Convention adjourn. Lost yeas 53, nays not counted. Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess moved that the Convention

—

proceed to the election of a printer.

Mr. LOGAN moved to lay this motion on the table, to enable him to offer a resolution in relation to the selection of a printer; which motion was carried. Mr. LOGAN then offered the following resolution: Resolved, That the printing of this Convention shall be let to the lowest responsible and capable bidder. Mr. EDWARDS of Sangamon offered, as a substitute: "That a committee of five be appointed by the President to receive proposals for the printing of the proceedings of the Convention,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

6

and that they be directed to contract with the lowest responsible and report at as early a day as practicable. Mr. SHERMAN asked, are we not getting along a little too

bidder,

fast

with this resolution?

The law provides

that

we

shall elect

a printer, and that law fixes the price to be paid, with which the

Convention has nothing to do. Mr. LOGAN said that, waiving

for the present a discussion of

the right of the Legislature to limit this Convention, look at the

proposition in another way.

persons

who may

receive the bids of

all

desire to perform this work, with the rates, &c.,

compare them with the

rates allowed the public printer,

can we not elect that one

Mr.

Can we not

DEMENT

rose,

who

will

do

it

and then

the cheapest?

not for the purpose, particularly, of

opposing the resolution, but to inquire of some of the members of the last Assembly

pensation as

is

how

far the words, "shall receive the

same com-

allowed by the present Assembly," have effect

upon this resolution. He did not intend to argue whether we have the power to go beyond the law, but how far, inasmuch as we had obeyed the restriction of the law in one case, the election of President by ballot, we should still go with that law. As soon as we had chosen the President by the mode prescribed in this law, we then, when the law requires no form of election, dispose of the others in the most summary manner. This was conceded by gentlemen

for the

purpose of conforming to the act of the Legis-

and he apprehended that the resolution now offered did come in conflict with those words of the act in relation to the printer, where it says "he shall receive the same compensation as the same officer receives from the present General Assembly." He moved to lay the resolution on the table, but withdrew it, at the lature;

request of

Mr. SCATES, who

said that the act of the Legislature provided

a compensation to be allowed for printing for the Convention.

what should be the officers of this Convention had been passed without debate; and he disliked to see resolutions spread on the record appropriating money without

The

resolution stating

authority.

very

much

Where have you the power to do so? He doubted the members of the Convention could get paid for

if

their services unless the Legislature

had provided and appropriated

MONDAY, JUNE means

7,

1847

7

The constitution of the state expressly states how and by whom money shall be appropriated. The Legislature has fixed our pay; we can take less, but no more. The Legislature has provided a printer for us, and fixed his the

for that purpose.

compensation, and states that he shall be elected by the Convention.

The

resolution

now

before us confers the

of this body to give the printing.

power upon

We may receive

five

members

the services of

the printer, under that contract, but can we,appropriate the

money

pay for it? He disliked to do things where the power to act was of a doubtful character. He would like the resolution already passed, changing the pay of the door-keepers, rescinded, and the present one laid on the table. He moved to lay the resolution to

on the

table.

Mr. LOGAN demanded the yeas and nays; which were ordered and taken, and the resolution was laid on the table yeas 82,

—

nays 70.

Mr.

CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess renewed his motion

to proceed

to the election of a printer.

Mr. WILLIAMS stated that one reason why the resolution of Mr. Logan had been laid on the table, was to enable members to reflect on the matter. He was for economy; and if there was any person willing to do the work cheaper than another, he desired to He moved to lay Mr. C.'s motion on the table; give it to him. which was carried. Mr. EDWARDS moved that a committee of five be appointed to prepare and report rules and regulations for the government of this

Convention.

A motion

Agreed

to.

government of the ConvenHouse of Representatives, was laid on

to adopt, for the present

tion, the rules of the last

the table.

Mr.

EDWARDS

of Madison offered the following resolution;

which was adopted: Resolved,

That

the Secretary be directed to call

upon the

clergy of the different denominations in the city, and to solicit

an arrangement among them for opening every morning, by prayer, the meetings of the Convention.

Mr. BALLINGALL offered the following resolution; which was adopted:

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

8

Resohedy That the Secretary prepare ballots, properly

nummembers of the Convention, and that the members proceed thereafter to draw the ballots for their respective bered, for seats for the

seats.

Mr. PALMER of Macoupin offered the following resolution; which was adopted: Resolved, That the editors and reporters of the newspapers published in this state be allowed seats within the bar of this hall. On motion, the Convention adjourned till to-morrow, at lo o'clock, A. M.

TUESDAY, JUNE

II.

1847

8,

After an appropriate prayer by the Rev. Mr. Barger^ of

Convention resumed its deliberations. Pursuant to the resolution adopted yesterday, the members proceeded to draw the ballots for their respective seats in the hall. Mr. offered the following resolution; which was Springfield, the

BROCKMAN

adopted: Resolved,

That

for the

comfort and convenience of the members

of this Convention, the Sergeant-at-arms be instructed to have

removed the railings from the hall, and to place the seats of members further back towards the corner of the hall. Mr. WEAD offered the following: Ordered, That so much of the resolution of the member from Clinton, offered yesterday, as provides for limiting the

and pay of

officers

number

of this Convention, be rescinded.

In offering this resolution,

Mr. W.

opinion that the resolution which

it

said,

that he was of the

proposed to rescind

in part,

had been introduced and passed yesterday without the members having had time for consultation, and without their being apprised of its effect. That resolution, if he understood it properly, limited the number of officers of the Convention, and fixed their salaries at a price below the rate provided for in the act of the Legislature. True, it allowed the employment of an assistant Secretary and an assistant Sergeant-at-arms. He thought it most imprudent thus to limit, by resolution, the officers of the Convention, when that Convention were the proper judges of what officers they required. The Convention would require the services of two Sergeants-at-arms; one cannot do all the work, for his services would always be required within the hall, while another would be required to go elsewhere, and perform duties beyond the hall. I object to our granting the Secretary power to

—

'

600.

S. Bargar, pastor of First Methodist Episcopal Church of Inter-State Publishing Company, History of Sangamon County,

Probably John

Springfield.

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

lo

name

a deputy

when he

shall

deem it necessary. That right The saving proposed by this

belongs to this Convention only. resolution

is

but a small matter; the people of the state of

Illinois

—

do not require such economy the cutting down of the salaries of two small officers. Our object is other than a legislative one; it is to revise the constitution of the state of Illinois, and not to fix the compensation of her officers. We may place in the constitution that the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms, hereafter to be appointed, shall not receive beyond the sums provided in the resolution, but can we, by a mere resolution, enact a law? But

—

the resolution does not intend that

the constitution

we came here

it

shall

to revise

be incorporated into

and adopt; and

is it

any

part of our duty to meddle with the pay they shall receive?

pay them, or fix the sum that they should receive at what amount it pleased; it might appropriate them nothing if it pleased, for it was a matter entirely with that

The

Legislature might

body.

might be placed in the This resolution contemplates no such thing; it has reference merely to the officers whom we shall employ, and for the payment of whose services the Legislature has already It

had been

said that this provision

constitution, but

how?

made an appropriation. By what reason, right, or justice, then, can we fix the amount of their pay? or do they think that the people Is it economy for members require such economy to reduce the pay of officers who will have

—

to labor the whole

day

—

in the faithful discharge of their duties to

earn one dollar per day, when we take four for ourselves.

The

saving contemplated would reduce the taxes but

is

little;

it

a

matter the people are not looking at. I hope the Convention will not rise until it has reduced the expenses of from over |2oo,ooo per annum to something less than one hundred thousand dollars. Let them but pursue a course to effect that object, and not commence on this matter. Let them reduce the tax below sixty-five per cent, on personal property; let them reduce the county taxes, of which but

little is

used for county purposes, and

let

these small

officers alone.

He

considered that the resolution had been passed without

being understood by the members of the Convention, and he

— TUESDAY, JUNE regretted

8,

1847

11

for he considered that it frequently took longer to

it;

undo a wrong

action

than to defeat or avoid

it

in

the

first

instance.

Mr. BOND said that he had offered the resolution, and it was only because it had been offered by him that he rose to say a few words in reply to what had fallen from the member from Fulton. That it had not been discussed was very true, but he did not think that there was any discussion necessary upon it; it bore on its face in the very words of it was expressed the great

—

objects of

We

its

introduction

have come here

—retrenchment and reform.

purpose of retrenching and reforming the expenses of our government, and he did not think of

coming here

for the

to carry out one thing

thought straws showed which

economy

in all

way

and do, in fact, another. He He was for the wind blew.

proceedings of the Convention, and would show

his sincerity if the

gentleman would introduce any proposition

reduce the pay of members, he would vote for

it.

The

to

resolution

had not been intruded upon the Convention: it had been offered in good faith, and he believed it ought to meet the approbation of the Convention. He asked, who, when the constitution under which we now live had been adopted in the first instance, had fixed the pay of members? The Legislature telling this Convention what to do, is like the preacher telling God what is right. He was confident the resolution was not understood: it did not interfere with the pay of the Secretary or Sergeant-at-arms they still receive the pay allowed them by the Legislature; but it only prescribes what shall be paid to their assistants, whom they are authorized to employ when their services are required. He had experience in the duties of Secretary of legislative bodies, and he was convinced that one person could perform all the duties of that office for this Convention. There was not that mass of copying, nor that interminable labor to be performed as in the Legislature. Also, one Sergeant-at-arms could perform the work of that office; but if not, the resolution allowed him to employ an assistant, at one dollar per day and plenty could be procured to do the work at that rate; even here they could be procured, as well as by searching from the southern border to the most northern counties for men, who were to be brought here to fill these offices

—

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

12

especially reserved for them.

No fires were to

[be] built; various other

by the Sergeant-at-arms could be dispensed with. Nor would that officer have to go round looking up the members of the Convention, as was often the case in the Legislature. He hoped the gentleman from Fulton would aid in duties usually performed

reforming the constitutional expenses of the government.

Let

him come forward with his proposition to lower the salaries of all, and he (Mr. B.) would vote as low as the gentleman from Fulton dare.

He would like to reply to some of the logic of the gentleman from Jefferson (Mr. Scates,) if he really knew what kind of logic it was that he had used yesterday. He (Mr. B.) had read none, and he was disposed to inquire of Mr. S. what kind he had read. He had understood the gentleman from Jefferson to say that we could reduce the pay of the members, but not of the officers of the Convention. Mr. SCATES. I did not say that we could reduce the pay of the members; the gentleman did not understand me. Mr. BOND resumed, by stating that he had misunderstood the gentleman. He had occupied more time than he had intended when he commenced. The resolution was intended only to govern the present officers of the Convention; and a more proper time would arrive for the discussion. A committee had been appointed to prepare and report rules and regulations for the Convention, and they will no doubt report what officers are necessary. When they did so, then would be the proper time for the discussion of this question.

Mr. order.

MINSHALL

asked,

if

the resolution to rescind was in

Would not the proper way be

to

move

to reconsider?

The

CHAIR

Mr.

WEAD said, that it had been insinuated in the remarks of

ruled that the resolution to rescind was in order.

the gentleman that he had argued that this resolution had been intruded upon the Convention. He had said no such thing; nor would any language used by him justify such a construction. He had said, however, that it had been passed without the members having had time for reflection. He could not see any reason why the Convention should not rescind the resolution of yesterday.

We had been sent here for

the purpose of retrenchment and reform

TUESDAY, JUNE of the evils of the old constitution.

8,

1847

Was one

13

of the evils of that

constitution an allowance of four dollars to our Sergeant-at-arms?

We

save,

by

this resolution, four dollars a

day

the

in

pay of

Did the people require this of but he was satisfied that they were willing

Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms. us, he

that

would vote

for

it;

we should allow them liberally for their services. Mr. W. willing as Mr. B. to reduce the county expenses by every

was as means

in their power, from over $650,000 to less than $300,000. He was not familiar with the duties of Secretary, but judging from the vast amount of business yesterday, he considered that Gentlemen should it was impossible for one to do it alone. remember that this is the largest body ever convened in Illinois, and that more officers were required than in any other that has met before.— He considered the doctrine, that we had a right to fix the pay of members or officers otherwise than as directed by

That we by engrafting a

the act of the Legislature, as perfectly preposterous.

had the

right to regulate future officers' salary,

direction in the constitution, their

pay by

was perfectly right, but to regulate Convention was out of the

a simple resolution of the

question.

Mr.

BOND

read a portion of Mr. Scates' remarks, of yester-

day, as reported in the Register, as going to establish that he was

not alone in his understanding of Mr.

S.'s

remarks; to which

Mr. SCATES briefly replied. Mr. LOGAN said there was nothing in the question itself, as to what pay should be allowed the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms that was worthy of the consumption of the time of the Convention; but there was the same principle in it which affected a large class of other questions of more importance, and which should be settled. Gentlemen, he had observed, in his experience, were never able to find the starting point where retrenchment should commence. All economy, he always found, was commenced in small matters. You may look around in vain for a large one; whenever you raise your arm to strike, why the answer comes, "that is a small matter, let it alone." We must make one strong blow. Now is the time. The subject is not, it is true, a large one, but we must commence. I am in favor of commencing now, because of the peculiar circumstances in which the people of Illinois are situated.

I

am

in favor

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

14

of meeting that situation and carrying the work of retrenchment

throughout

all its

Our

ramifications.

state

is

loaded with a heavy

debt, under which the people and their property are groaning.

people call on us to save, in the expenses of their government, not hundreds, but thousands. Speak not to them of liberality Liberality ceases to till our state is in different circumstances.

The

Whenever we are obliged it postpones justice! upon the country too heavy for the proper support of the government of that country, I am for striking at the root of reducing them. An enormous debt is all unnecessary salaries overhanging us. We are taxed to the full measure which the people can endure. We must pay the large debt we owe, and which is fast becoming a burden not only upon us, but will be on those who shall follow us. Our creditors are demanding payment be a virtue when to lay a tax

—

of our debts; can

we

talk of liberality?

Liberality

Were

with the present situation of the country.

is

incompatible

the whole people

gathered here, they would have no right to give salaries beyond what is strictly necessary. I am for saving every dollar that can be saved.

It

is

necessary that proper officers should be chosen

and paid to perform the functions of government; and I am willing to pay in every department only just sufficient to procure the It is not proposed to reduce the pay of the services of such men. principal secretary, and he is allowed to employ an assistant when his services are necessary.

be supernumary

[sic].

At

a greater press of business

One will be sufficient, another would commencement there was of course

the

— of resolutions;

after

we

sions

upon the great questions

will

have committees

greater part of the time.

that

is all

Here-

over.

to prepare the business.

Discus-

commence and occupy the The question of a bank will come up will

and be discussed; there will be no bills, no petitions, no local We will have but little use of the Secretary, and less of his assistant. The resolution contemplates the employment of an able-bodied assistant and two boys what do you want with more of them? Two boys can receive the propositions of 162 members as fast as they can be presented. We should give

legislation.

—

salaries only sufficient to procure the services.

them at the prices you can. I want

contained, in the resolution? this

Can we procure

My

word

for it

to be a precedent for everything else.

TUESDAY, JUNE There

is

8,

1847

15

a section in the constitution of Vermont, which sets forth

that every man should have some profession and mode of life, and should do everything in his power to aid the government; that when his assistance to the government works injury to him in his business,

he should be remunerated; but when the salaries

of officers are used as a source of profit, that then they should be cut

down and

govern

reduced.

If this

Are not these

us.

is

offices

a correct principle it should sought for profit? The very

—

and desiring them proves

it, not to speak of their electioneering. I could scarcely get along the street with the constant applications, and I cannot comprehend how my democratic friends survive it at all. If we can get persons to do the work, that is evidence that the prices are high enough. If we cannot, why then we can raise them.

fact of the applicants seeking

My which

constituents desire the

most

rigid

economy

in all things,

I am not for come, or until Let us begin and

enable them to pay off their just debts.

will

stopping here, but for continuing

—

it

for all time to

Now is the time. are relieved from debt. apply the principle to ourselves and our officers; let it operate now. There is no use in procrastinating. We have been insolvent long enough; we have delayed payment of our just debts long enough. Apply all you can save to the liquidation of the state

we

—

debt.

The next question was the power of this Convention. An oath to support the constitution of the United States had been proposed and taken, because we can do nothing in contravention of that instrument, us.

Where

is

the treasury?

and because there was no other power

to limit

the limitation of the power of this Convention over

Point

it

out.

Mr. WEAD explained. Mr. LOGAN resumed. It was said yesterday that we could draw no money from the treasury because the constitution pointed out the manner in which it should be done. I differ in opinion on this matter. We have the power to prescribe the powers and duties and salaries of all officers. Can we not fix in the constitution that

money The

principles?

shall

be paid from the treasury only on general

Legislature has appropriated the

money

to

pay

us and our officers; to be paid on the certificate of the President.

6

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

1

Can we not say that our officers shall not draw the money? Can we not, by resolution, control the certificate of the President? Have we no power, except what is expressed in the act? Does that give us the power to make rules and regulations for our government? It does not, yet we have appointed a committee to report such rules, and we will adopt them. This resolution

is

right in

itself.

It advertises the

men em-

ployed what they shall receive. If we are sincere in our professions of economy, don't let us differ as to the mode, the how, or where, let us preserve the principle, and carry it out at all times. Let the gentleman who proposes to rescind propose his plan to economize, and I shall not be found wanting. Is there anything said in the act that we shall not amend the constitution by a resolution? Not a word. There are many things to be done in this constitution which are but temporary provisions. In our present constitution, the judges of the supreme court were to receive $i,ooo a year, for a certain time, payable quarterly. The Convention that formed that constitution made this appropria-

but

tion, and no Legislature could repeal it. We may district the state next Legislature, and make many other alterations of a temporary character. I don't care for the form for the mere saving of a few dollars; but I contend for it as a principle, and intend it as a precedent. But when the state is in debt, and there are, in those countries now visited by famine, many widows and orphans who hold our bonds, and are undergoing the utmost privations because the interest of our debt is not paid, I say again, this is not time for liberality. Mr. BALLINGALL moved that the Convention adjourn till

for the

—

the afternoon, at 3 o'clock.

Carried.

AFTERNOON Mr.

HARVEY

moved

to

strike

"resolved," in the motion of Mr.

members and

officers

all

after

the

moved

to

word

insert "that the

of this Convention shall receive the

I2.50 per day, each." Mr. of Marshall

PALMER

out

Wead, and

amend

sum of

the proposed

amendment, by striking out the words "and fifty cents." Mr. DEMENT rose to offer an amendment: but the Chair

TUESDAY, JUNE ruled

it

8,

1847

17

out of order, there being an amendment to an amendment He then stated that he did not believe, nor did he

pending.

member believed, that any resolution of this body could prevent the members, or such of them as would it, from receiving the sum of four dollars per day as He denied the position assumed by the fixed by the Legislature. gentleman from Sangamon (Mr. Logan,) that the acts of this Convention would be paramount to any law of the land, until it had been approved and ratified by the people in the manner preIn case, asked Mr. D., we did make an scribed by the law. enactment, where would be its power or its force, or its binding obligation on any one, if the constitution we shall adopt is rejected by the people? It appeared to him that the powers of this Convention had been narrowed down to a mere power to propose amendments, or a substitute for the present constitution of the state; and what we may do may pass as a dead letter from our hands, and be received with the contempt of the whole people. He had heard much talk about economy; and the gentlemen who had made speeches on that subject might have spoken in all sincerity, or it might be to add to their already well established reputations for eloquence and speech-making. He was of opinion that the Convention could appropriate no money, unless the clause making the appropriation is made a component part of the constitution; nor could the money thus appropriated be drawn from the treasury until the constitution containing the appropriation had been approved and ratified by It was proposed by this resolution to pay the Secrethe people. tary four dollars per day, under the law, and the assistant but two dollars. He was satisfied that we could not alter the salaries of our officers from the sum fixed by the Legislature, without making that resolution, or proposition containing this alteration, a component part of the constitution, and submitting it to the people Our mere enactment has no force whatever. for their ratification. Our constitution, if we can dignify it by such a name, will not be obligatory, in the least, on any one here or in the state, until it shall have been approved by the people. And he begged members not to encumber that instrument, which they had convened here think any other

demand

—

—

—

8

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

1

to frame, with these small and trifling sections, all of which would endanger the adoption of the constitution. He said, that upon all of the great and important subjects which would engage the deliberations of that body, they were familiar with the feelings,

sentiments, and opinions of their constituents, and were ready

and prepared to vote upon them; but upon these little questions, which had never been the subject of thought among the people, the members of the Convention could not say what were the sentiments of their constituents; and by voting for their incorporation with the constitution, they

we

not, then, better go

endangered

home and

its

adoption.

Had

leave these light and trivial

matters for future legislation, and not have these appendages,

upon which we know nothing of the sentiment of the people? Mr. D. then read, as a part of his speech, the proposed amendment that had been ruled out of order; it was to the effect that the members should contribute a portion of their pay, for the purpose of employing and paying the Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms at He said there were one hundred the rate of four dollars per day. and sixty-two members present, who were drawing four dollars per day, and employed in a discussion upon the question whether our door-keeper shall receive two or four dollars a day, while that very discussion was a tax of two hundred dollars an hour upon the state. The gentlemen, in their zeal for economy, strike at the pay of these petty officers, who have no interest or responsibility other than to perform their duty and receive their pay; yet it was said that the mere reduction of their pay was to accomplish

— relieve

the state from all debt, feed the starving sufferand many other like brilliant acts. Now, he would remind them that, by dispensing with half an hour's debate upon this question, enough would be saved to pay

wonders

ers in Ireland,

the whole additional expense.

The

speeches of the gentlemen

and he would not be understood as meaning to say they were not well worth the money would, then, if dispensed with, pay the

—

whole expenses. He then proposed that the members should come forward and voluntarily surrender a respective share of their own pay, and But in case they were to have speeches give it to the door-keeper. he was willing to stake their own pay on the fact whether our

TUESDAY, JUNE

8,

1847

19

and was willing, if th people do not accept the work of this Convention, and return the constitution on our hands, that we take it, and not receive any other payment for our services. This would show our sincerity in speaking so much of economy. He hoped, therefore, that they would elect these officers, and a printer, and complete the organization of the Convention, and proceed with the business. Speech-making cost |ioo every thirty minutes; let us organize without further debate, and for the future economize both time and money. Mr. HAYES moved the previous question. actions meet the approval of the people;

Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess asked if the previous question was in order? We had adopted no rules. The CHAIR said it was in order. Mr. WILLIAMS rose to debate the propriety of taking the previous question.

Mr. BALLINGALL called to order; and a discussion ensued Mr. Williams* right to proceed.

as to

The

CHAIR

Mr. W.

decided in his favor.

he thought, when he came here today, we were ready to proceed with the business; that we were sufficiently organized to have started other important questions. But there were important questions involved in the present one, which he said, that

thought should be discussed to be settled at

some

now and

at once.

They would have

time.

Messrs. Palmer of Macoupin, Thomas, Loudon, and Logan continued the discussion on the propriety of taking the main question, a more detailed report of whose remarks we regret our inability,

Mr. Mr.

from want of room, to give in our present number.

HAYES DAVIS

then withdrew his of

Bond promised,

remarks, to do as others had done save the resolution before them.

had the power or

The present

call.

as he desired to present a few

—

to

speak of everything else

He did not think

right to appropriate

the Convention

money from

the treasury.

constitution of the state, which was the supreme law

of the land, gives the Legislature the power to call a Convention,

and under that constitutional power

this

Convention had been

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

20

He

apprehended that if the Convention had the power to in one case, they had the same power to do so manner in which money shall be appropriated; that constitution, and every law under it, is yet in full force. Suppose we make an appropriation and attach it to the constitution we shall frame, and that constitution is rejected people, by the what becomes of the appropriation? He understood the Legislature had power to call a Convention, and they had done so, and made provisions for its comfort and convenience by law. The constitution says, "no money shall be appropriated out of the treasury except by law." Can we ascend higher than If we can, I ask for the book, for the law the constitution? called.'

appropriate

in

all.

The

money

constitution directs the

—

and the precedent. I come here to effect the election of judges by the people, limiting the sessions of the Legislature to once in four years, and then for sixty days only, and for settling their per diem. I can't say we will do so, nor that the people will ratify what we really will propose to them. He asked again where was the authority for this Convention to make laws, or what act of theirs would be binding unless ratified by the people? When we formed our present constitution we were a territory, and the instances of appropriation spoken of by the gentleman from Sangamon were embodied in the constitution, and presumed an adoption thereof by the people. Mr. PALMER of Marshall, after some preliminary remarks, said he could not think any gentleman would deny the right of the members, under the present embarrassed state of affairs, to take but two dollars a day; and that our officers, who will be fully as patriotic, will follow our example and give their services for the same amount of compensation. He hoped the members would reduce their own pay. They could not reduce the pay of their officers, of the judges and all others, and then go home to their constituents with four dollars a day in their pockets. He had brought money with him to pay his board and all other expenses, and was willing to take but the two dollars. He was old, but hoped not to be laid in his grave till all our debts had been paid. Mr. P. followed the question at some length, but we not having room, must close our report of his speech for the present. '

See correction

made by Davis

in his speech

on Monday, June

14,

pp. 75-76.

TUESDAY, JUNE The

8,

1847

21

previous question was again moved, but withdrawn at

the request of

Mr. SCATES, who moved to lay the whole matter on the table, to enable the committee on Rules to report; which was agreed to. Mr. EDWARDS of Madison, from the committee for that purpose, reported a series of rules and regulations for the government of the Convention; which were read and adopted. Mr. SERVANT moved that 300 copies of the rules just adopted be printed. Mr. SCATES advocated a smaller number, but suggested that we had not yet chosen a printer, and therefore moved to lay the motion to print on the table. Carried yeas 73, nays 62. Mr. WILLIAMS, in order to give the President time to appoint the committees moved that the Convention adjourn till to-morrow, at 10 a. m. Carried yeas 79, nays 61.

—

—

;

III.

WEDNESDAY, JUNE

9,

1847

Prayer by Rev. Mr. Bergen.*

Messrs. Hurlbut and Choate, delegates appeared

this

to the Convention, morning, presented their credentials, and were

qualified.

The

Secretary then read the journal.

Mr.

DEMENT moved to admit within the bar of the Conven-

tion the

Governor of the State, Secretary of State, and Judges of and State Courts.

the United States

Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess moved to amend by adding "and all ex-officers of the state." Mr. KNOWLTON moved to add "and all officers and soldiers just returned from the Mexican war." Mr. DAVIS of McLean moved to add "and all members of Congress."

Mr. on the

WHITNEY moved table.

to lay the resolution

and amendments

Carried.

*Rev. John G. Bergen: born November 27, 1790, at Hightstown, Middlesex County, New Jersey; of Norwegian and Scotch descent; preliminary education at academies in Cranberry and Baskin Ridge; 1807, graduated from Princeton; March, 1810- September, 1812, tutor in Princeton; December, 1812, ordained as Presbyterian minister; December, 1812 September 10, 1828, pastor at Madison, New Jersey; September 22, 1828, left for Illinois, sent by the Home Board of the American Missionary Association; November, 1828, arrived in Springfield; December, 1828^December, 1848, first regular pastor of First Presbyterian Church of Springfield organized Second Presbyterian Church of Springfield, and a number of additional churches; December, 1848, resigned as pastor, devoting himself to writing for the press over the signature of "Old Man of the Prairies" and to missionary effort among feeble churches; several times commissioner to the general assembly of the Presbyterian church assisted in forming first presbytery and first synod in the state first moderator of each, and first moderator of the tmited synod; for many years a director of the Theological Seminary of the Northwest at Chicago; 1854, given degree of D. D. by Centre College, Danville, Kentucky; died January 17, 1872.

—

—

;

;

Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois; History of Sangamon County, 2: 862, 866; Power, History of the Early Settlers of SangaCounty, 114-116; Inter-State Pubhshing Company, History of Sangamon Chapman Brothers, Portrait and Biographical Album o' County, 515-519; Sangamon County, 294, 778. 22

mon

WEDNESDAY, JUNE Mr.

SINGLETON

9,

1847

23

offered a resolution stating the powers of

the Convention to be limited.

Mr.

ARCHER

offered the following

amendment:

Convention has assembled for the purpose of revising, altering, or amending the constitution of this state, and that the powers and duties of said Convention are limited, "Resolved,

That

this

after its proper organization, to such objects only.

"Resolved, That, with a view of entering

the duties assigned to said Convention, election of an assistant Secretary

upon the discharge of

we now proceed

to the

and assistant door-keeper and

printer, any resolution heretofore passed to the contrary notwith-

standing."

In offering the above, Mr. A. said, that he did so with a view of presenting his opinions upon the matter that had occupied the

—

Convention for the past day or two. In so doing he was very anxious to pay all respect to the opinions and views of those with whom he differed, and without reflecting in the least upon their motives or views. He held true economy to consist, in some measure, in the employment of the means sufficient to accomplish the end.

The

act of the Legislature has provided officers for this Con-

vention, to enable us to carry out the objects for which

we have

He

thought another Secretary and Sergeant-at-arms necessary; and if the Convention, from the want of either one of these officers, were detained a single day beyond the time they would otherwise have concluded their business, the expense

convened.

attendant on that delay would be far more than the additional officers. He was of opinion that the powers

expense of these

of the Convention were expressed correctly in his the resolution of the gentleman from Brown.

amendment

—The

to

question of

economy members

in the pay of the officers of the Convention, or of the thereof, formed no subject in the canvass in the county which he (Mr. A.) had the honor, in part, to represent. He contended that the Convention had no legislative powers; that in the way of economy he would go as far as any other in retrenching

the expenses of the state of Illinois. The original resolution submitted whether there should be a Convention, and the act calling the Convention contemplated no such purpose as that

we were

to

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

24

have

legislative

powers; and none other than to alter and revise Mr. A. would go with any of them in putting

the constitution.

down of

to the lowest rates, that

would command

talent, the salaries

all officers.

Mr. McCALLEN offered the following as an amendment to the amendment: Strike out "printer," and insert, "that the Secretary be instructed to receive sealed proposals at his desk,

Convenand that the President proceed at that hour to open said award the printing to the lowest responsible bidder." Mr. SCATES moved to lay the whole subject on the table. Mr. CONSTABLE appealed to him to withdraw his motion. Mr. SCATES declined. Mr. CAMPBELL of Jo Daviess hoped that it would be withdrawn, and that the vote by which the rules had been adopted would be reconsidered. The vote was then taken on laying the subject on the table, and decided in the affirmative yeas 72, nays 67. Mr. DAVIS of Bond submitted some amendments to the rules; to which Mr. LOGAN offered an amendment. Mr. PRATT offered an amendment to the amendment. Mr. WEAD moved to lay the resolution and amendments on the table; which was carried. Mr. ROBBINS offered two resolutions in relation to the number and selection of the standing and select committees, and advocated until lo o'clock, a. m., to-n;orrow, for the printing for this tion;

proposals, and

—

their adoption.

Mr. DEMENT opposed the resolutions. Mr. WEAD moved to lay them on the table, and print; afterwards withdrew the motion to print, and the resolutions were laid on the table. Mr. ARMSTRONG offered a resolution in relation to additional committees to be appointed. Laid on the table. Mr. DEMENT moved to take up the resolutions offered by Mr. Singleton, and the amendment; and, after debate, they were taken up.

Mr.

BROCKMAN

advocated the adoption of the amendment

of the gentleman from Pike to the resolution of the gentleman

WEDNESDAY, JUNE He

from Brown.

1847

9,

25

denied that the Convention had any legislative

powers; nor any power save that expressly granted by the Legislature.

The

Legislature had defined the pay for our officers, and

we had no power

to

change

it.

He was

for

retrenchment when-

He hoped they would immediately elect a secretary, a sergeant-at-arms, and a printer, which officers were necessary. He advocated a full and immediate organization of the Convention, and that it should at

ever that subject came properly before them.

once proceed to public business.

Mr.

SINGLETON

powers.

He

he had offered the resolution in Convention the true question its

said, that

order to bring before

the

—

thought the power of a Convention was merely to

propose alterations and amendments to the constitution, and that

had the right and the power to make the changes. had no power to change the law, but we had the power to propose the change, and the people to make the change. It was true that, to some extent, the people are here in their sovereign capacity, but it was only to inquire whether they should change the people

We

—

their law. The Legislature is just as sovereign as this Convention. This body is clearly bound by the act of the Legislature. The people are represented in that body as much, if not more, in their this. The people never intended these matters relative to the compensation of officers should come

sovereign capacity as in before us.

There was no power by which men are obliged to take

the four dollars per day,

when they think proper

to take less.

He

believed the Convention wanted an assistant secretary and another

sergeant-at-arms, and would vote for their election, and was willing to give

them the pay provided by

law.

He had

offered

the resolution for the purpose of bringing the true question before

had been no provision in the act of the pay of the members, the number and salary of had not been settled for us by the Legislature, he would then be able to discover the propriety of the discussion; but as all had been done by that body, he could see no propriety in it. As to the pay of the members, he was determined to take the four dollars a day, and no less; and would not be afraid to go before his constituents and tell them he had done so. the Convention.

If there

Legislature for the its officers;

if

these matters

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

26

On motion of Mr. CONSTABLE, the amendment proposed by Mr. McCallen was laid on the table yeas 87, nays 56.

—

The question Mr. LOGAN just

Mr. Archer's amendment; that he was inclined to take the vote

recurring on said,

as decisive of the intention of the Convention to choose

had

But the by the gentleman from Brown presents a which he considered a heresy in politics, and as there

the officers, and upon that subject would say no more. resolution principle

offered

were two propositions before them, he preferred the amendment If the Convention were to say that was bound to do as bid by the Legislature, it would establish a most dangerous precedent; and if they were obliged to follow the direction of the Legislature in any one case, they are bound to do so in all. The constitution says a Convention may be called "to amend, alter, and revise" not to propose amendments; alterations, and revisions. If the Legislature be right in saying the Convention has only the right to propose a constitution, they have the right to say what amendments, alterations, &c., shall be made. He considered it wrong in principle and bad as a precedent. If either of the propositions were to be passed, he preferred that of the gentleman from Pike. of the gentleman from Pike. it

—

—

Mr. SINGLETON contended that the Legislature had the power to regulate, to some extent, the manner in which the Convention should be organized, and to direct its government in all things that do not go to the proposed changes in the constitution. The present constitution gives the Legislature power to call a Convention, and the Legislature has provided for that call, and says we must come here, not with power to make changes, but to propose changes to be acted on by the people. They have no right to say to us what changes shall be made, but state in what manner they shall be made.

By

the constitution, the legislative powers of the state are

described to be vested in a House of Representatives and a Senate, who, together, shall constitute a General Assembly. Their powers are not limited, but they may exercise any power not expressly limited by the constitution of the state, the constitution of the United States, a law of Congress, or a treaty. Had they a right to say that the changes proposed by this Convention

WEDNESDAY, JUNE a direct vote on the matter.

If

1847

9,

27

had no right, I want they had, I am bound by what

should be submitted to the people?

If they

they have done.

This Convention has those necessary, natural, inherent powers of self-protection that

power but what

is

all

deliberative bodies possess; no other

derived from the Legislature, save the power

of self-defence.

Mr.

PETERS

said, that

he had and would continue to vote

against any and every proposition which would recognize any restriction of the

powers of

this

We

We

Convention.

are here the

what the people of the state would be if they were congregated here in one mass meeting. We are what Louis XIV said he was "We are the state." We can trample the constitution under our feet as waste paper, and no one can call us to an account save the people. A resolution had been passed by the Legislature presenting to the people the

sovereignty of the state.

are

—

question of a Convention or not.

If a majority of the people chose

a Convention, then the law directed the Legislature to call that

Convention, and then officers in their act,

its

functions ceased.

If they

had named no

could not this Convention have selected as

many

as they pleased ? If they had said we should have no officer but a President, could we not have gone on and elected a secretary

and what

officers

we thought necessary? We can change any we please. My proposition is that

organic law of this state that

we have its

the power to adopt a constitution which, from the

day of

passage by this body, will be the supreme organic law of this

without any reference to the people.

state,

course as that might not be advisable.

which

However, such a

— But there are many things

could not refer to the people, for instance, the council of revision, and that because we know the sentiments of the people I

on them already. I

for

am

for

economy.

home consumption.

But I

I

am

make no

speeches on the subject

for allowing the

body but two dollars a day. Here the Convention adjourned

til[l]

2, p.

m.

members of

this

— ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

28

AFTERNOON Mr.

DAVIS

of Massac

commenced by taking ground

against

the superiority of the powers of the Convention as against the

—

enactment of the Legislature the law-making power, established and recognized by the supreme organic law of the state yet in

He

reviewed the history of the act of the Legislature providing for a call of this Convention, and argued that it was both force.

—

constitutional and proper. As to economy though in favor of he scorned to consume the time of the house, so valuable, by making speeches about it. He had voted to lay the proposition

—

it

to let the printing out

—on the table, because,

in his opinion,

they

had convened there for nobler ends than debating about such trifles; they had convened to amend the organic law of the state, He so that it would conduce to their prosperity and happiness. understood the provision in the present constitution, relative to the salaries of judges, very differently from the gentleman from

Sangamon.

—The

provision was

made

in

the constitution that

they should receive a certain salary, but the Legislature of 1819

made

the appropriation whereby the pay, thus fixed and estab-

drawn from the treasury. and not of the provision in the That very same constitution, that the money was paid out. Legislature, sir, made an appropriation to pay the members of lished in the constitution, could be

And

it

was by virtue of

their act,

the Convention that framed the constitution; they fixed

it

at

The officers and others were also paid by the who made the appropriation for them all. Not a

four dollars a day. Legislature,

man

in that

convention of 1818, nor out of

it,

ever understood

draw any money under the provisions of the constitution, until the Legislature had made the necessary appropriation. He regretted, and it was universally regretted, that a gentleman gifted with such powers, and from whose experience and ability so much was justly expected, whose eminent talents should lead them and aid the Convention in its important duties, that they could

should have suffered himself to be led off into a discussion of He subjects so foreign to the matter before the Convention. alluded to the gentleman from Sangamon.

The gentleman who had made

the most strenuous and potent

— WEDNESDAY, JUNE argument against the law of been greatly misinformed,

1847

9,

29

he had not General Assembly, one of

this Legislature was, if

in the last

foremost and ablest supporters. If that law is wrong now, it was wrong then; and why did he support it then? He (Mr. D.) took a different view of this matter than that of gentlemen who, from friends and advocates of the law, had become its denouncers. Mr. SCATES offered an amendment that the Convention

its

—

should proceed to the election of a printer, assistant secretary, and door-keeper. He said this discussion had taken a wide range first it

was the employment of a door-keeper, then the question

of retrenchment, then the powers of the Convention.

—

—

He

wished,

had the same object economy in view, that they could see the means to accomplish it in the same light. There might be an economy of time as well as money. The question originally was to rescind; from which sprang the question of the powers of the Convention, and economy questions which however, as

all

—

did not belong to the original question. discussing this matter, they had

made

While gentlemen were

declarations and pledged

themselves to carry out the principle of economy in all things that should come before the Convention. When this came about he expected to be in the first rank; none should go higher and none lower in the scale of economy than he.

He

organization of the Convention as soon as to discuss this matter.

it

advised, then, an

could be affected,

any gentleman who might wish He questioned, doubted, and denied the

though he did not desire to cut

off

power of the members to bind themselves, or their ofiicers, or officers of the government, by any simple resolution of the body; because, if not embodied in the constitution, it was not and could not be a law therefore, it was not obligatory.

—

[We have no legislative powers. Resolutions appropriating money by dollars and half dollars is the administration of government which we have no power to do. Suppose we say in our constitution that a certain amount of money shall be paid our members and officers for their services, will it be any more than an inoperative, inchoate act, until our acts shall be confirmed by the people? Let the President of this Convention issue certificates to these men and boys for their services,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

30 will the

Auditor, though he

pay any attention

to

it,

may

have our resolution on his table, pay what the law of the state

or refuse to

What an aspect would we present if these boys, receivmade by this Convention, and the chief officer of the State obeying the behests of the law, and setting at defiance the supreme constitution-making power, refuse to pay them but in the manner directed by the act of the Legislature! What remedy? It is true you might invoke the power of the courts of justice, obtain a mandamus to compel him, directs?

ing certificates under an appropriation

&c.

Here we are

—one

hundred and sixty-two members, gravely

driving half dollar bargains with messengers and boys.

To

at-

tempt to undo the act of the Legislature by our resolution is impossible. -We might as well go back and overhaul all legislation had under the constitution, as this very law. The gentlemen are disposed to make the compensation of these offices so low as to take away the inducement to seek the office. He was disposed to go as far as any; but he thought that the Convention could not Men sometimes fix the price so low but that men will seek it. seek office for the honor of it. The pay of the soldiers in the army and the post is not a very desirable one at is but $io per month that, yet we have witnessed the scramble that has taken place to get in the army; and there has been as much anxiety to get into the ranks as to get into the offices of this Convention. He hoped the Convention would now elect these officers and complete their

—

—

organization.

He ueism

much time had been spent in demagogmaking speeches for Buncome; in making speeches, upon the constituents of members and others, about

regretted that so [sic]; in

for effect

economy. In introducing ridiculous resolutions for this purpose, he had witnessed the same at almost every session of the LegislaIt had ture, and he asked why had they been introduced here? been shown that these speeches about economy of cutting down the Door-keeper's pay cost more than would pay all the officers of the Convention for their services. It was useless to continue thus, at an expense of over six hundred dollars a day -of one hundred an hour we should only have such discussion as would aid us in our schemes of retrenchment, as much as we pay for it.

—

—

—

— WEDNESDAY, JUNE He who rests the

This

is

first

threw

extravagance

not the place to

stractions like those

31

on

his

head

who first introduced this useless matter. make a flourish nor is it a place for ab-

—

on your desk.

CAMPBELL

1847

this gauntlet is responsible;

they are but abstractions,

Mr.

9,

why

I

cannot subscribe to them;

introduce and discuss them here ?]^

of Jo Daviess said, that as there was

some

disposition to close the discussion, he would take the present opportunity of expressing his views in relation to the matter under discussion before the Convention, and he deemed that he was not doing more than he had a right to do. Those who complained so

much

of the great consumption of time,

its

cost

should remember that they had occupied their time that had been consumed

and

full

its

waste,

share of the

making speeches themselves. They should remember that there were many here who had never before been members of a deliberative body he was one of them and who were unacquainted with many things that were more familiar to others. He had come here to receive information on many points, and was in favor of a free and full discussion of every subject matter that came before them. Others had come with in

—

—

if the Convention would adopt, as no doubt the gentlemen desired it would, they might go home at once, and make great economy of time. He thought it his privilege, though one of the humblest members of the body, to express his views upon every subject that he deemed necessary to discuss; and the exercise of that privilege, which is guarantied to every delegate, would not be influenced by the time it would consume. He should pursue that course which his conscience dictated, regardless of what it might cost, or the time it might occupy. If he did not do so, he would not be true to the trust confided in him.

written constitutions in their pockets, which,

He considered that every subject should be properly understood before they came to any conclusion; he was opposed to the hot haste that some were desirous to follow. Gentlemen had made statements in this Convention, had that would be spread before the people, which

made speeches *

The conclusion

which was omitted from the has been taken from the weekly of July 11.

of Scates' speech,

Illinois State Register,

tri- weekly

I

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

32

might lead to prejudicial

He was

results as to other delegates in that body.

unwilling that this should be, unless along with them

spread the views of those

who happened

we

to differ with those

gentlemen.

He

did not believe in the omnipotence of this body.

necessary, before legislation;

we

It

was

could come here, that there should be some

that the Legislature should arrange those matters

which should be done before we could convene. Could the people the entire people meet here at Springfield, the seat of government, and, without the previous action of the Legislature prescribed by the constitution, proceed to adopt the constitution? No, sir, they could not. We meet here by the authority of a supreme power, which has given vitality to this Convention? Are not the regulations of that supreme power binding and imperative on us? Suppose a case: Let a vacancy occur in this Convention how would it be filled? Could this Convention pass a law setting a day for the election of another to fill the vacancy? I apprehend it I hardly think any delegate would say it could. We must abide by the is not in our power to do any such thing. law which has called us here for a particular purpose. During the canvass for the members of this Convention, the tree of public sentiment has been shaken, and the fruits are now collected in this hall, and I am in favor of selecting the good and sound of them, and of engrafting them on the constitutional stock. The Convention of the state of New York sat for four months, and complained that they had not sufficient time to discharge their duties; and I suppose no gentleman will dispute that there was as much talent in that Convention as in this. Yet the Legislature

—

—

—

that called them together had limited the time of their sitting to four months, and they, proclaiming that they

had not

sufficient

time to perform the duties assigned them, adhered to and obeyed that law strictly, as imperative upon them. We are sitting here

making an organic law for ourselves and for our children; the duty is most important, and I am opposed to hasty action.— want to deliberate, to reflect time to have the aid of others' experience and views to aid me. I desire all the aid and advantage to be derived from a full and free interchange of sentiment of

—

every delegate of this Convention.

WEDNESDAY, JUNE

9,

1847

33

been said that the officers could be appointed by resoand such a resolution had been adopted the first day of I have heard gentlemen of this Convention,

It has

lution, this

Convention.

who were members of the very Legislature that passed this law, and who voted for it, now come forward and denounce the law as inoperative, and declare we are not bound by it. They go further,

and declare the Convention

is

above

all

law.

Strange,

strange, that gentlemen in the Legislature should vote for a law,

and now get up here and denounce it, declaring that they had no power to pass it. Mr. LOGAN. The gentleman will allow me to say that this law was passed before the Legislature had fixed the pay of its members, and when I voted for it I had no idea the Legislature would fix that pay at ^4 a day. Mr. CAMPBELL. Then I would ask the gentleman if he did not vote for the law which allowed members their present per diem? Mr. LOGAN. No, sir. I asked to be excused from voting. I had motives of delicacy to induce me to do so, which I need not repeat.

Mr.

I

did not vote at

CAMPBELL.

not vote against the

Mr.

LOGAN.

I

all.

Well, then, the gentleman says he did

bill, for

reasons best

known

to himself.

hardly think the gentleman desires to mis-

represent me.

Mr. Mr. best

CAMPBELL. Certainly not, LOGAN. I did not say that

known

sir.

I

did not vote for reasons

to myself; but I did say from feelings of courtesy

towards members who came here from a distance, and who might have supposed that, from the fact of my residing at the seat of government, I might be influenced in my vote. That was the sir. I would have voted against it if my vote would have had any effect. Mr. CAMPBELL. Well, the gentleman cannot clear him-

reason,

He permits money to be taken out of the treasury, does not vote against the law, but quietly permits it to be passed, and now gets up here and denounces the appropriation contained therein as extravagant. Now, he had acted wrong, put the self yet.

—

matter in any shape.

If he, (Mr. C.) considered a principle wrong, he would be derelict in his duty if he did not resist it to

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

34

the utmost of his efforts. This would have been his course if he had been in the General Assembly. Were these assistant officers necessary? If they were, why not vote for them? If they were But, no; they must have a discussion not, vote them down. upon saving a dollar or two in the wages. They must listen to everlasting retrenchment, whose ghost he really expected to this see stalking about that hall, and shaking its gory locks at those

who were

We

so continually invoking

are

How

that.

now are

in debt,

we

it.

say gentlemen.

to get out of it?

We

Why,

are

all satisfied

say they, cut

pay of the door-keepers, and employ a few boys

the

of

down

as pages

!

A

gentleman delivers a speech full of commiseration for the widows and orphans who hold our bonds, and who are suffering from famine in foreign lands, and declares that we should not have a door-keeper, because we owe them money. I am willing that that speech shall go there, and the gentleman receive full merit for his commiseration for their suffering; but I want another speech of that gentleman to go along with it. I want then to know that when an appropriation of j2o,ooo, at the last session of the Legislature, was made for the completion of a magnificent building in Springfield, the same gentleman advocated it most strenuously, while at the same time these widows and orphans were famishing because we did not pay them our debts; and that he now is endeavoring to cut down two dollars a day from the salary of a man to wait on the delegates. Let these facts all go together, and then they can form a true idea of the sincerity of his commiseration for the widows and orphans! What would be said of a gentleman who was in debt, largely, to a number of widows and orphans always a fine subject for tears who would erect a magnificent building worth |2o,ooo, for his own comfort and convenience, and then say to his servants, I owe a large debt to some widows and orphans who are famishing in a foreign land, and to enable me to pay them, I must cut down your pay one-

—

—

me

half; to enable

to relieve their sufferings, I

must

lay a contri-

bution on you?

Look will

across the way, on the other side of your street,

behold a magnificent

Italian

marble

edifice,

floors, erected at

and you

with large fluted columns, and

a time

when 'widows and orphans'

— WEDNESDAY, JUNE

9,

1S47

35

held their paper, which they could not, would not, never intended

— [Applause.]

Was the gentleman's voice heard then? them, let these 'widows and orphans' judge of the The time will come, the sincerity of the commiseration by facts. day is not far distant, when we may read, on the massive open panels of the door of that institution, this inscription, in chalky whiteness "This house to let." Yet it is hoped by some that out to

redeem.

— Let

us, let

of the ashes of this institution, another, phoenixlike, will arise,

with more brilliant plumage on

its

wing, a voice more finely toned

to delusion, but with a keener glance of

greater strength in talons,

which

shall

its

pinion,

out-Herod

vengeance

and more power its

that ere this phcenix shall begin to live, these ashes to the fiat of this Convention will scatter

them

heaven.

'> ''

The

in its eye,

to destroy in its

ancient ancestor; but

1 JL

i

I

trust

feel vitality,

to the four winds of *

sins of omission are not so "bad in tKe sight of the people

He would

as those 354; Thompson, Illinois l-Fhigs before 1846, p. 136; History of LaSalle County, Inter-State Publishing Company, 1:217; 2:101; Baldwin, History of LaSalle

A List of the Members. Swan, Hurlbut: born, June 9, 1797, in Lime, Connecticut; 1845, came to Lake Illinois; farmer in Fremont Township, near Libertyville; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; 1850-1852, 1859-1860, 1868, county supervisor, 1850-1852, 1854-1856, representative in General Assembly; 1868, chairman; County, 216, 221, 271-272; Hollingsworth,

County,

1861, township assessor;

died

May

15, 1876;

in politics a

Whig

till

1850, then

became a Free Soiler, later a Republican. Halsey, History of Lake County, 38, 93, no, 117, 121-122, 135, 436-438, 441, 603-604, 809, 822; Blue Book of Illinois,

A

List of the Members. 1913-1914, pp. 362, 364; Hollingsworth, Thomas, William: born November 22, 1802, in Warren (now Allen) County,

Kentucky; 1820-1822, deputy sheriff of Allen County; studied law at Bowling Green in office of James T. Morehead, afterward governor of Kentucky; 1823, admitted to the bar; 1823-1826, practiced law in Bowling Green; 1826, removed to Jacksonville, Illinois;

taught school;

1827, private in

1829, reporter for Vandalia Intelligencer; Judicial Circuit;

Winnebago War;

1831-1835, school commissioner of 1839-1841, circuit judge;

1828-

1828-1829, state's attorney for Fifth

1831-1832, quartermaster and commissary in Black

Morgan County;

Hawk War;

1834-1839, state senator;

1846-1848, 1850-1852, representative in General Assem-

APPENDIX

979

1839-1869, trustee of the Institution for the Deaf and

bly;

1847, one of

member

first

Dumb

at Jacksonville;

trustees of the Hospital for the Insane at Jacksonville;

1847,

1869, appointed by Governor Palmer a

1861, member of Board of Army Auditors; member of State Board of Public Charities,

but resigned because of poor health;

died,

of Constitutional Convention;

politics a

Whig,

later a

August

Republican; interested

education;

ville, also in

22, 1889, at Jacksonville;

in the state institutions at

taught school after his removal to

Illinois,

Bateman and

founders and supporters of IlHnois Female College.

in

Jackson-

and was one of

Selby, Historical

Encyclopedia of Illinois, 522; Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:337; 2:1095; United Stales Biographical Dictionary, Illinois Volume, 827-830; Blue Book of

1913-1914, pp. 213, 259, 261, 349, 351-352; Eames, Historic Morgan and Classic Jacksonville, 123, 127, 243, 323-326; Hollingsworth, List of the Members.

Illinois,

A

Thompson, William W.: born February 23, 1786, at Brimfield, Massachusetts; removed to Northampton, Massachusetts; member of Massachusetts legis-

1826,

lature;

1839,

prominent politics

moved

County,

Illinois;

1

convention at Peoria;

842-1 846, state senator;

1847,

member

Bateman and

a Democrat.

Blue Book of

1844,

of Constitutional

died February 24, 1850, at Brimfield, Peoria County;

Peoria CoKnty, 2:46g;

worth,

to Peoria

in educational

Convention;

a farmer;

in

Selby, His.'orical Encyclopedia of Illinois,

Illinois,

1913-1914, pp. 355, 357;

Hollings-

A List of the Members. born November

Thornton, Anthony:

County, Kentucky;

g,

18 14 (1817), near Paris,

Bourbon

1831-1833, attended high school at Gallatin, Tennessee, and

Center College, Danville, Kentucky;

1834, graduated from

Miami

University,

Ohio; 1836, admitted to the bar; 1836 (1838), settled at Shelbyville, Illinois, where he began practice of law; 1847, 1862, member of Constitutional Convention; 1850-1852, representative in the General Assembly; in

Congress;

1870-1873, judge of Supreme Court of

1865-1867, representative

Illinois;

1873,

first

president

879, removed to Decatur; 1 88 1, returned to Shelbyville; died September 10, 1904; in politics a Whig, then a Democrat; (later a Republican). Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 522; Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, i: 458-459; Biographical Congressional Directory, 1774igil, p. 1055; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-19I4, pp. 193, 210, 362; Bateman and

of State Bar Association;

1

Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois,

775; Hollingsworth,

Shelby

County, 2:686, 689, 729-730,

A List of the Members.

Trower, Thomas B.: born November

1806 (1809), in Albemarle County, Virginia; taken in infancy to Kentucky; (1826-1829), studied medicine and taught school; 1S30, removed to Shelbyville, Illinois; 1830-1836, engaged in practice of

medicine at Shelby-ville;

1836,

removed

representative in General Assembly;

I

15,

County, 1 834-1 836, resumed practice of medicine at Charles-

to Charleston, Coles

839,

president of Moultrie County Bank; vice-president of First National Bank of Charleston; in politics a Democrat. Biographical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 483-484; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, p. 350; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. TurnbuU, Gilbert: born 1800, in Tennessee; 1832, came to Warren County, Illinois; later a farmer near Oquawka, Henderson County; 1834, school trustee; ton;

1847,

member

of Constitutional Convention;

1836, justice of the peace;

1837, school teacher;

1836-1843, county

1

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

98o assessor of

1850,

Warren County;

1847,

member

of Constitutional Convention;

representative in General Assembly;

1848-

Blue Book of

Whig.

in politics a

1913-1914, p. 360; Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, Warren County, 2:738, 753; Portrait and Biographical Album of Wttrren County,

Illinois,

Chapman

Brothers, 708;

A

Hollingsworth,

List of the

Members.

in Maine; 1834, came to Illinois; 1834-1848, county Putnam County; 1838-1847, circuit clerk; 1839-1847, county recorder; 1848-1849, 1855-1859, county 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; Ford, History of Putnam and Marshall Counties, treasurer; in politics a Whig.

Turner, Oaks: born 1809,

clerk of

148;

Hollingsworth,

A

List of the Members.

Tutt, William: born 181

County,

Illinois;

1, in

Virginia; physician;

1

830,

came

to York, Clark

practiced medicine; 1838, removed to Marshall; 1847,

Constitutional Convention;

and Clark Counties, part Tuttle, James:

in politics a

Democrat.

pp. 294, 303, 344. born 1806, in Ohio; 2,

Waynesville, DeWitt County;

1847,

Hollingsworth, 1840,

member of

member of

Perrin, History of Crawford

came

A List of the Members.

to Illinois;

farmer near

Constitutional Convention;

in

Whig. Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. Vance, John W.: born 1782 in Germany; in (1822) emigrated to the United States; brother of Governor Joseph Vance of Ohio; 1823, came from Ohio to Danville, Vermilion County, Illinois; 1823 (1824), leased and developed salt works; very prominent in affairs of county at an early day; 1832-1838, state senator; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; died 1856 (1857); in politics a Whig. politics a

Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 348-349, 351; Jones, History of Vermilion County, 1:137, 4°5; 2:113; Beckwith, History of Vermilion County, 970-971; Hollingsworth,

A List of the Members.

Vernor, Zenas H.:

born 1808,

in

North Carolina;

farmer near Nashville, Washington County;

Convention; crat.

1847,

1829,

came

member of

to Illinois;

Constitutional

1848-1850, representative in General Assembly; in politics a

Blue Book of

Illinois,

1913-1914,

p.

360; Hollingsworth,

Demo-

A List of the Mem-

bers.

Wead, Hezekiah Morse: born June i, 1810, in Sheldon, Franklin County, Vermont; attended winter term of village school until seventeen years old; for months attended academy at Castleton, Vermont; clerk for merchant in West Rutland, Vermont; worked passage on canalboat to Pittsford, New York, where he taught school and began study of law; 1832, admitted to the bar; taught school in Akron, Ohio; 1836-1837, practiced law in Vermont in partnership with General Seth Cushman; 1837-1840, taught school in New Jersey; 1840, came to Lewistown, Fulton County, Illinois; 1845, aided in preparation of memorial to General Assembly on common-school education; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; 1852-1855, circuit judge of Tenth Circuit; 1855, removed to Peoria, where he had successful career as a lawyer; i86i, moved to farm near Peoria; died May 10, 1876; in politics a Democrat; allied himself with Anti-Repudiationists; opposed secession and supported government in war, but continued allegiance to Democratic party. VaXmtr, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:4,310,315-320; Blue Book of Illinois, 19131914, p. 215; History of Fulton County, Charles C. Chapman and Company, 406;

six

APPENDIX Batemnn andSelhy,

981

Historical Encyclopedia 0/ I/linois, Peoria County, 1: 635; Rice,

J List oj the Members. Webber, Thomson (Thompson) R.: born October 6, 1807, in Shelby County, Kentucky; 1824-1832, taught school; 1832, came to Illinois; 1 834-1 837, engaged in mercantile business in Urbana; first postmaster in Urbana, appointed by Jackson, served for fifteen years; 1833-1853, clerk of county court; 1833-1846, clerk of circuit court; 1834-1874, master in chancery; 1847, 1862, member of Constitutional Convention; close friend of Lincoln and David Davis; died December 14, Biop-aphical Encyclopedia oJ Illinois, no-iii; 1881; in politics a Democrat. Bateman a.nASt\hy, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, Champaign County, 2:669, 736,764, 1050; Portrait and Biographical Album of Champaign County, Chapman Brothers, 946; History of Champaign County, Brink, McDonough and Company, 31, 33, 108; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. West, Edward M.: born May 2, 1814, in Botetourt County, Virginia; 1818, brought to Illinois; 1829-1831, clerk in recorder's office and deputy postmaster at Springfield; 1833-1835, clerk in United States land office at Edwardsville; 1835(1854) 1867, engaged in mercantile business at Edwardsville; 1839-1845, county 1 845-1 851, county school commissioner; captain in Illinois National treasurer; Guard; 1861, member of committee to manage war fund; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention; (1858) 1 867-1 887, engaged in banking; active and prominent member of Methodist church; died October 31, 1887, in politics a Whig, Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 583; later a Democrat. History of Madison County, 150, 152-154, 168, 170, 172, 180, 338, 356-357, 556; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. History 0/ Peoria, 2:171-172; Hollingsworth,

Whiteside, John Davis: born 1794 (1795) (1798), at Whiteside Station, Monfarmer; 1 824-1 828, county commissioner; 1825-1828, clerk

roe County, Illinois;

of Circuit Court; 1830-1836, 1844-1846, representative presidential elector; state treasurer;

by President Polk Illinois

in

General Assembly; 1836,

March

1837-March

4,

6,

1841,

1847,

member

training volunteers in

of Constitutional Convention;

died 1850, at place

Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia Greene and Thompson, Governors' Letter-Books, 1840-1853,

in politics a

Illinois, 139, 586;

government regarding

as commissioner to confer with British

1846, adjutant-general, organizing and

bonds;

Mexican War; of birth;

1836-1837, state senator;

1842, second to General Shields in Lincoln-Shields duel; appointed

Democrat.

of p.

Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 141, 201, 348-351, 358; Combined History of Randolph, Monroe and Perry Counties, 160-161, 449; Hollingsworth, I26n;

A List of the Members. Whitney, Daniel Hilton:

born 1808,

in

physician at Belvidere, Boone County; 1836,

New first

York;

1834,

came

to Illinois;

census enumerator of Winnebago

1836-1837, recorder of Winnebago County; 1840, favored Wisconsin's annexation of disputed territory; 1847, member of Constitutional Convention;

County;

died February 17, (1862), 1864, at Belvidere;

in pohtics

a Whig.

History of

F. Kett and Company, 239-240, 244-245, 391-392, 404; Church, History of Rockford and Winnebago County, 53-54. 75-76. '63, 202, 264; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members.

Winnebago County, H.

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

982

Williams, Archibald: born June lo, 1801, in 1828, admitted to the bar in Tennessee; 1836, state senator;

ber of Constitutional Convention;

1

Montgomery County, Kentucky;

removed

to Quincy, Illinois;

1854, defeated as candidate for Congress;

declined seat on United States

1847,

1832-

mem-

849-1 853, United States district attorney for

twice nominated by

the Southern District of Illinois;

Senate;

district

1829,

1837-1840, representative in General Assembly;

Whigs

for

United States

because of advanced age,

1861, appointed United States

Supreme Bench;

judge for Kansas; died September 21, 1863, at Quincy; in politics a Whig, Bateman and Selby, Hislorical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 590; 1:2, iS2-iS2i 2: %%o; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-

later a Republican.

Palmer, Bench and Bar 0/ Illinois,

History of

1914, pp. 348-349, 352-353; Illinois

Whigs

before 1S46, p. 149;

Adams

Hollingsworth,

County,

415, 421;

Thompson,

A List of the Members.

Shawneetown, Illinois; 1840, removed to McLeansboro, for three terms sheriff of Hamilton County; 1 846-1 848, doorkeeper of the House; 1847, doorkeeper pro tern and sergeant-at-arms of Constitutional Convention; 1852-1854, 1856-1858, representative in General Assembly; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 359, died in i86i; in politics a Democrat. 363, 365; History of Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Franklin, and Williamson Counties, 260-261, 302, 753; Hollingsworth, A List of the Members. Witt, Franklin: born 1804, in Tennessee; 1 8 14, brought to Pope County, Illinois; 1826, settled in Cass County; 1827, removed to farm near Kane, Greene County; justice of the peace; 1836-1838, representative in General Assembly; born

Wilson, John A.:

1

8 19;

1820, brought to

1838-1842, 1848-1851, state senator;

1847,

member

of Constitutional Convention;

Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 352, 354, History of Greene County, 765-766; History of Greene and Jersey Counties, List of 672, 789; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 308; Hollingsworth, died 1851; in politics a Democrat.

360-361

;

A

the

Members.

New

York; 1834, came to Illinois; farmer nearOttawa; March-August, 1839, county commissioner of LaSalle County; 1839, one of commissioners to locate county seat of DuPage County; 1842, assessor; Woodruff, Ralph:

born 1806, in

1847, assistant doorkeeper of Constitutional Convention; died 1850; in politics a

Democrat.

^sXAvim, History of LaSalle County, 21s,

2i-],

233; History

of LaSalle

Company, 1:216; Bateman and Selby, Historical DuPage County, 2:640; Hollingsworth, A List of the

Cottw/y, Inter-State Publishing

Encyclopedia of Illinois,

Members.

Woodson, David Meade: tucky;

educated

ton,

May 18, 1806, in Jessamine County, Kenand at Transylvania University, and read law Kentucky legislature; 1834, removed to Carroll1835, returned to Transylvania University and

born

in private schools

with his father; 1832,

Greene County,

member Illinois;

graduated with honor;

of

1837-1839, county judge;

1839-1840, state's attorney;

Whig candidate for Congress against Stephen A. Douglas; 1847, 1869-1870, member of Constitutional Convention; November i, 1848 December 4, 1848, 1843,

—

judge of the Supreme Court of died 1877;

in politics a

Whig,

Illinois;

1848, judge of the First Judicial Circuit;

Bateman and Selby, Historical Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois, 1:4; 2:1095later a

Democrat.

Encyclopedia of Illinois, 599; 1096; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 210, 214, 355, 371;

History of Greene

APPENDIX

983

andjeriey Counties, 601-502; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 61, 338-342; Hollingsworth, A List 0/ the Members. Worcester, Linus E.; born December in

common

White

5,

1

811, in Windsor,

schools of his native state, and at Chester

Hall, Greene County, Illinois;

sively in dry-goods, drug, farm implements, justice of the peace;

1

Vermont; educated Academy; 1836, came to

1836-1839, taught school;

engaged succesand lumber business; 1 843-1 848,

843-1 855, postmaster of White Hall;

Constitutional Convention;

of the Institution for the Deaf and

Dumb

at Jacksonville;

directors of the Jacksonville branch of the Chicago

1882, county judge;

October 19th, 1891;

1847,

i852-(i885), township school trustee;

associate county justice, 1856-1858, 1862-1866, state senator;

member

1860-1891, one of the

and Alton Railroad;

1S76, delegate to Democratic National Convention; in politics

a Democrat.

of

1853-1859,

1859-1871, trustee

Bateman and

1873died

Selby, Historical

Encyclopedia of Illinois, 599-600; Blue Book of Illinois, 1913-1914, pp. 364, 367368; Miner, Past and Present of Greene County, 60, 62-63, 266-267; History of Greene and Jersey Counties, 591-592, 655-657, 660-661, 674-676, 685, 691, iioi;

Hollingsworth,

A List of the Members.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY I

State Publications and Documents Biue Book of the State of

Compiled and published by Harry Woods, secretary of state (Danville, 1914). Book or State Rosier, 191 1. Compiled by Frank C. Jordan, secreIllinois,

1913-1914.

California Blue

tary of state Illinois

....

Hand-Book and

of Illinois

(Sacramento, 1913).

of Information for the its

government

Year 1870, giving a general view of the

.... Compiled by Edward Rummel,

State

secretary

of state (Springfield, 1870).

James,

Edmund

(Illinois

J.

(ed.).

The Territorial Records of Illinois (Springfield, 1901)

State Historical Library, Publications,

number

3].

Journal of the Convention, Assembled at Springfield, fune 7, 1847, in Pursuance of an Act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois .... for the Purpose of Altering, field,

Amending, or Revising

the Constitution of the State of Illinois (Spring-

1847).

Journal of

the

House

of Representatives of the Fifteenth General Assembly of the State

of Illinois .... 1846-1847 (Springfield, 1846). Journal of the Senate of the Fifteenth General Assembly of the State of Illinois 1846-1847 (Springfield, 1846).

....

Laws of the State of Illinois .... 1846-1847 (Springfield, 1847). Rummel, Edward, Rutnmel's Illinois Hand-Book and Legislative Manual for 1S71

....

(Springfield, 1871).

Compiled. Indiana Legislative Manualfor 1 913. C. Brown, state librarian (Indianapolis, 1913).

State of

Verlie,

.

Emil

.

.

... by Demarchus

J. (ed.), Illinois Constitutions (Springfield, 1919).

Illinois State Historical Library,

volume

13].

n Newspapers Alton Telegraph and Democratic Review, 1847-1848, Alton.

Aurora Beacon,

1

847-1 848, Aurora.

Beardstown Gazette, 1847, Beardstown. Belleville Advocate, 1 847-1 848, Belleville. Chicago Daily Journal, 1847-1848, Chicago.

Chicago Democrat, 1846-1848, Chicago. Illinois State Register, 1847-1848, Springfield.

Prairie Farmer, 1847-1848, Chicago.

^uincy Whig, 1848, Quincy.

987

[Collections of the

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

988

Sangamo Journal,

1

September

847, Springfield,

23,

1

847, the

name became

Illinois

Journal. Stale Register, Tri-weekly,

1

847-1 848, Springfield.

fVestern Citizen, 1846-1848, Chicago.

Ill

Biographical Works Bench and Bar oj Chicago, Biographical Sketches, American Biographical Publishing

Company

(Chicago, n.d.).

Biographical Congressional Directory, with an outline history of the national congress,

1774-1911

.... Government

Printing Office (Washington, 19 13).

Biographical Encyclopedia 0} Illinois oj the Nineteenth Century, Galaxy Publishing

Company

(Philadelphia, 1875).

Caton, John D., Early Bench and Bar of Illinois

....

(Chicago, 1893).

Encyclopedia of Biography of Illinois,The Century Publishing and Engraving pany, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1892).

Com-

French Manuscripts, letters to Augustus C. French in McKendree College Library, Lebanon, Illinois. Koerner, Gustave Phillip, Memoirs of Gustave Koemer, 1809-1896, life-sketches written at the suggestion of his children. Edited by Thomas J. McCormack .... (Cedar Rapids, 1909). Lincoln, Abraham, The Writings of Abraham Lincoln, federal edition. Edited by Arthur B. Lapsley,

8

volumes (New York, 1905-1906).

Nicolay, John G., and John Hay, Abraham Lincoln, a History, 10 volumes

(New

York, 1890). Nicolay, John G., and John

Hay

(ed.),

his speeches, letters, state papers,

Abraham Lincoln, Qomplete works, comprising and miscellaneous writings, 2 volumes (New

York, 1894). Palmer, John M., Personal Recollections of John life

M.

Palmer, The story of an earnest

(Cincinnati, 1901),

Palmer, John M.,

(ed.).

The Bench and Bar of

Illinois, historical

and

reminiscent, 2

volumes (Chicago, 1899). Peck, John M., Forty Years of Pioneer Life, Memoir of John Mason Peck .... Edited from his journals and correspondence by Rufus Babcock (Philadelphia, 1864).

Reynolds, John,

My Own

Times:

Embracing

also the History of

my

Life

....

(Chicago 1879). Sturtevant, Julian M., Julian Sturtevant, Jr.

M.

(New York,

Sturtevant:

An

Autobiography, edited by J.

M.

1896).

United States Biographical Dictionary and Portrait Gallery of Eminent and Self-made Men, Illinois Volume, American Biographical Publishing Company (Chicago 1883).

White, Horace, The Life of Lyman Trumbull (Boston and

New

York, 1913).

BIBUOGRAPHY

989

IV Special

Anthony,

Works

The Constitutional History of Illinois (Chicago, 1891). Bancroft, Hubert Howe, The Works oj Hubert Howe Bancroft, volume 24, 39 volumes Elliott,

(San Francisco, 1883-1890) [History of California, volume

C,

Cole, Arthur

of Illinois,

The Era of volume 3].

the Civil

War

7].

[Centennial History

(Springfield, 1919).

Cook, John Williston, Educational History of Illinois; growth and progress in educational afairs of the state from the earliest day to the present (Chicago, 1912). Davidson, Alexander, and Bernard Stuve, A Complete History of Illinois from 1673 to 18S4 .... (Springfield, 1884). Debel, Niels H., The Veto Power of the Governor of Illinois (Urbana, 1917) [University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences, volume 6]. Dowrie, George W., The Development of Banking in Illinois, i8ij-i86j (Urbana, 1913)

[University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences,

Ford, Thomas,

A History of Illinois from

its

containing a full account of the Black

Mormonism,

and Lovejoy

the Alton

commencement as a

Hawk War, riots,

and

volume 2]. 1818 to 184.7, and fall of

State in

the rise, progress

other

....

events (Chicago,

1854).

Greene, Evarts B., and Clarence

(ed.), Governors' Letter-Books

1818-

[Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library,

1834 (Springfield, 1909)

volume

W. Alvord

4].

Greene, Evarts B., and Charles (Springfield, 191

M. Thompson,

Governors' Letter-Books, 1840-1853

volume 7]. and administration ....

[Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library,

1)

Greene, Evarts B., The Government of

(New York, 1904). Harris, Norman D., History

of

Illinois, its history

Negro Slavery

in Illinois

and

of the Slavery Agitation '

in that State (Chicago, 1906).

Moses, John,

Illinois, Historical

and

Statistical,

comprising the essential facts of

its

growth as a Province, County, Territory and State, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1880). C, The Frontier State (Springfield, 191 8) [Centennial History of

Pease, Theodore Illinois,

volume

Powell, Burt E., The

2].

Movement for Industrial Education and

the Establishment of the

University, 1840-1870 (Urbana, 1918) [Semi-Centennial History of the University

volume i]. Scott, Franklin W., Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois,

of Illinois, 1814.-1879 (Springfield,

1910) [Collections of the Illinois Stale Historical Library,

Stevenson, Adlai E., Illinois,"

Illinois

"The

volume

6].

Constitutional Conventions and the Constitutions of

State Historical Society, Transactions, 1903

(Springfield,

1904).

Thompson, Charles M., The of Illinois Studies in the

Whigs Before 1846 (Urbana, 1915) Social Sciences, volume 4].

Illinois

[University

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

990

V Local and County Histories Andreas, A. T., History of Chicago from volumes (Chicago, 1 884-1 886).

Period

the earliest

Andreas, A. T., History of Cook County, Illinois,from the

Time (Chicago,

to the

present Time, 3

Period to the present

earliest

1884).

Baldwin, Elmer, History of LaSalle County, Illinois, its topography, geology, botany, natural history .... and a sketch of the pioneer settlers of each town to 184O, .(Chicago, 1877). with an appendix, giving the present status of the county .

Bateman, Newton, and Paul Selby

(ed.), Historical

.

.

Encyclopedia of Illinois

....

Following the publication of the Encyclopedia as a single was reissued in combination with histories of various counties, some-

(Chicago, 1900).

volume,

it

times in a single enlarged volume, more frequently in sets of two volumes of which the Encyclopedia constitutes the first, the county history the second. following histories of this series have been used in the preparation of this

The

volume: History of Carroll County, Edited by Charles L.Hostetler [volume

2]

(Chicago,

I9>3)History of Cass County, Edited by Charles A. E. Martin [volume

2]

(Chicago,

I915).

Cunningham [volume

2]

(Chicago, 1905). History of DuPage County .... by special authors and contributors [volume

2]

History of Champaign County, Edited by Joseph O.

(Chicago, 1914)History of Fulton County. Edited by Jesse Heylin

Historical Encyclopedia;

Chicago, 1908). Illinois, Historical;

Edited by John William

Lawrence County, Biographical.

McCleave (Chicago,

1910).

Historical Encyclopedia;

History of

Kane County.

Edited by John

S.

Wilcox

(Chicago, 1904).

by

History of Kendall County

special authors

and contributors [volume

2]

(Chicago, 1914). Historical Encyclopedia;

History of

Knox County, Edited by W. Selden Gale

and George Candee Gale (Chicago, 1899). History of Lake County. Historical Encyclopedia;

Edited by Charles A.

Partridge (Chicago, 1902). Historical Encyclopedia;

History of Lee County.

Edited by A. C. Bardwell

(Chicago, 1904). Historical Encyclopedia; History of McDonough County.

McLean [volume

Edited by Alexander

(Chicago, 1907).

History of 2]

McLean

County.

Edited by Ezra

M.

Prince and John H.

Burnham

(Chicago, 1908).

History of Peoria County.

and Peoria, 1902).

Edited by David McCulloch [volume

2]

(Chicago

BIBLIOGRAPHY History of Rock Island County

[volume [volume

991 authors and contributors

special

(Chicago, 1914).

2]

History of

.... by

St.

2]

History of

Edited by A.

Clair County.

S.

Wilderman and A. A. Wilderman

(Chicago, 1907).

— Edited

Sangamon County.

by Paul Selby [volume

2]

(Chicago,

1912).

Historical Encyclopedia;

Dyson (Chicago,

History of Schuyler County.

Edited by

Howard

F.

1908).

Edited by George D. Chafee [volume

History of Shelby County.

2]

(Chicago,

1910).

Edited by Ben C. Allensworth [volume

History of Tazewell County.

2]

(Chi-

cago, 1905).

I

Edited by

History of JVarren County.

Jj[volume

2I

Hugh R. Moffet and Thomas H. Rogers

(Chicago, 1903).

Beckwith, Hiram W., History of Vermilion County, together with historic notes on the Northwest, gleaned from early authors, old official

correspondence

....

maps and manuscripts, private and

(Chicago, 1879).

Bent, Charles (ed.). History of Whiteside County, Illinois biographical

and family

....

lishing

Company,

with numerous

sketches (Morrison, 1877).

The Lewis Pub-

Biographical and Genealogical Record of LaSalle County, Illinois, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1900).

Biographical and Reminiscent History of Richland, Clay and Marion Counties, Illinois, B. F.

Bowen and Company

(Indianapolis, 1909).

Biographical Review of Johnson, Massac, Pope and Hardin Counties, Illinois, containing biographical sketches of prominent citizens

Publishing BrinkerhoflF, J.

Company

Biographical

(Chicago, 1893).

H. G., Brinkerhoff's History

of

Marion County, Illinois (Indianapolis,

Church, Charles A., History of Rockford and Winnebago County, first settlement in 1834 to the Civil War (Rockford, 1900). Clarke, S.

J.,

History of

McDonougk County,

with early reminiscences, personal incidents

Combined History

of

....

Illinois,

from

towns and

Illinois, its cities,

the

villages,

(Springfield, 1878).

Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash Counties,

Illinois, with illus-

and biographical sketches of some of their L. McDonough and Company (Edwardsville,

trations descriptive of their scenery

prominent men and pioneers.

J.

1883).

Combined History

of Randolph,

descriptive of their scenery

men and pioneers.

J.

L.

Monroe and Perry Counties, Illinois, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent

McDonough and Company

(Edwardsville, 1883).

Commemorative Biographical and Historical Record of Kane County, taining full page portraits

with portraits

and biographies

of the governors of Illinois

and Company (Chicago, 1888). Cooper, Marshal M., History of Jerseyville,

Illinois,

1822

to

.

.

Company

(Chicago, 1884).

.

together

Beers, Leggett

igoi (Jerseyville, 1901).

Counties of Cumberland, Jasper and Richland, Illinois, Historical F. A. Battey and

Illinois, con-

and biographical sketches of prominent citizens,

and Biographical,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

992

Seymour, Chicago: Its History and Its Builders, a Century of Marvelous Growth, 5 volumes (Chicago, 19 12). Duis, E., The Good Old Times, McLean County, Illinois, containing two hundred and Currey,

J.

sixty-one sketches of old settlers

....

(Bloomington, 1874).

Eames, Charles M., Historic Morgan and Classic Charles

M. Eames ....

Jacksonville.

Compiled .... by

with introduction by Prof. Harvey

W.

Milligan

(Jacksonville, 1885).

Erwin, Milo, History of Williamson County, Illinois, from the earliest limes, down to the present, with an accurate account of the secession movement .... (Marion, 1876).

Putnam and Marshall Counties; embracing an account of and formation of Bureau and Stark Counties; with an appendix, containing notices of old settlers .... (Lacon, i860). Goodspeed, Weston, and Daniel Healy (ed.), History of Cook County, Illinois .... Ford, Henry A., History of

the settlement, early progress

a general survey of Cook County

and specialaccount of districts

history, including a

outside the city limits

condensed history of Chicago 20 volumes (Chicago, ',

.

.

.

1909).

Gross, Lewis M., Past and Present of

DeKalb County,

Illinois,

1 volumes (Chicago

1907).

A

History of Lake County, Illinois, (Chicago, 1912). Halsey, John J. (ed.), History of Adams County, Illinois, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns

....

its citizens .... general and local statistics, and prominent men .... Murray, Williamson and

a biographical directory of

portraits of early settlers

Phelps (Chicago, 1879). History of Carroll County, Illinois, containing a history of the county,

....

its cities,

towns

its citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late H. F. Kett and Company (Chicago, 1878). History of Champaign County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink, McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1878). History of Christian County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink, McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1880). History of DeWitt County, Illinois, with biographical sketches of prominent ....

a biographical directory of

rebellion

.

.

.

.

citizens of the county.

Pioneer Publishing

History of Fulton County, Illinois; tional, religious, civil, military,

raphies

Company

(Chicago, 1910).

together with sketches of

and political

of representative citizens

....

its cities

....

educa-

.... and biogChapman and Company

history, portraits

Charles C.

(Peoria, 1879).

History of Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Franklin and Williamson Counties, Illinois, from the earliest time to the present; together with .... biographical sketches

.... The Goodspeed

Publishing

History of Greene County, Illinois

....

....

Company

(Chicago, 1887).

containing a history of the county;

its cities

portraits of its early settlers a biographical directory of its citizens v and prominent men .... Donnelley, Gassette and Loyd, Publishers (Chicago,

1879).

.

.

.

BIBUOGRAPHY

993

History of Greene and Jersey Counties, Illinois, together with sketches of the towns

....

educational,

biographies

civil,

and political history; men .... Continental

portraits

.... and

Historical

Company

military

representative

of

(Springfield, 1885).

History of Jackson County, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers. Brink,

Donough and Company (Edwardsville, 1878). History of Knox County, Illinois; together with sketches its

of the cities

and

volunteers in the late war, educational, religious, civil

.... and

biographical sketches

....

Charles C.

....

and

Mc-

record of

military history

Chapman and Company

(Chicago, 1878).

La Salle County, Illinois, together with sketches of its cities .... educaand political history .... Inter-State PublishCompany, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1886). History of McHenry County, Illinois, together with sketches of its cities .... educational, religious, civil, military, and political history, portraits .... and History of

tional, religious, civil, military

ing

biographies of representative citizens

....

Inter-State Publishing

Company

(Chicago, 1885). History of Madison County, Illinois, with biographical sketches of many prominent men and pioneers, W. R. Brink and Company (Edwardsville, 1882).

and Clinton Counties, Illinois, with illustrations descriptive of the and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers.

History of Marion scenery,

McDonough and Company (Edwardsville, 1881). Menard and Mason Counties, Illinois, containing a history

Brink, History of

....

portraits of early settlers and prominent men Company, Historical Publishers (Chicago, 1879)^ History of Morgan County, Illinois .... containing a history .

a biographical directory of

....

prominent men

its

citizens

....

Donnelley, Loyd and

.

.

.

of the counties

O. L. Baskin and

....

of the county

and

portraits of its early settlers

Company

(Chicago, 1878).

History of Ogle County, Illinois, containing a history of the county,

its cities

.

.

.

.

a

.... portraits of early settlers and promiCompany (Chicago, 1878). History of Pike County, Illinois; together with sketches of its cities .... educational, religious, civil, military, and political history .... Charles C. Chapman and Company (Chicago, 1880). biographical directory of

nent

men

History of

St.

.

.

.

H.

its

citizens

F. Kett and

Clair County, Illinois, with illustrations of

some of

sketches of

Company History of

.

its

Sangamon County,

Illinois;

cational, religious, civil, military,

scenery,

and biographical

McDonough and

together with sketches of

its cities

and

portraits

biographies of representative citizens

(Chicago,

its

prominent men and pioneers. Brink,

(Edwardsville, 1881).

1

political history;

....

.... edu.... and Company

Inter-State Publishing

881).

History of fVayne

and Clay

Counties, Illinois, Globe Publishing

Publishers (Chicago, 1884).

Company, Historical

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

994

History of Winnebago County, Illinois

....

a biographical directory of

prominent men

.

.

.

.

H.

F.

its

....

containing a history of the county

.... portraits Company (Chicago,

citizens

Kett and

Jones, Lottie E., History of Fermilion County, Illinois, a tale of

and

of early settlers 1877). its

ment and progress .... 2 volumes (Chicago, 191 1). McBride, J. C, Past and Present of Christian County, Illinois

evolution, settle-

....

(Chicago,

1904).

Massie,

M.

D., Past

sketches of

and Present

many

of

its

of Pike County, Illinois, together with biographical

prominent

....

citizens

and

illustrious

dead (Chicago,

1906).

Matson, Nehemiah, Map of Bureau County, Illinois, with sketches of its early settlement (Chicago, 1867). Miner, Edwards, Past and Present of Greene County, Illinois (Chicago, 1905). Moore, Roy L., History of Woodford County, a concise history of the settlement and growth of Woodford County (Eureka, 1910). Moses, John, and Joseph Kirkland, History of Chicago,

Illinois, 1

volumes (Chicago,

1895)-

Page, O.

J.,

History of Massac County, Illinois, with

life sketches

and

portraits

(n.p., n.d.)

Past and Present directory of

....

of Kane County, Illinois, containing a its

citizens

....

history of the county

portraits of early settlers

.

.

.

.

a

and prominent men

Jr., and Company (Chicago, 1878). History of Bond and Montgomery Counties,

William LeBaron,

Perrin, William H., (ed.).

Illinois

(Chicago, 1882). Perrin, William H., (ed.). History of Cass County, Illinois (Chicago, 1882). Perrin, William H., (ed.). History of Crawford

and Clark

Counties, Illinois (Chicago,

1883).

and Biographical Album of Champaign County, Illinois, containing .... portraits and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together with portraits and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman

Portrait

Brothers (Chicago, 1887). Portrait

and Biographical Album of DeKalb County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman

portraits

with portraits

Brothers (Chicago, 1883). Portrait

and Biographical Album of McLean County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman

portraits

with portraits

Brothers (Chicago, 1887). Portrait

and Biographical Album of Rock Island County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Biographical

portraits ,

with portraits

Publishing

Company

(Chicago, 1885).

and Biographical Album of Warren County, Illinois, containing .... and biographical sketches of prominent .... citizens .... together with portraits and biographies of all the governors of Illinois .... Chapman

Portrait

portraits

Brothers (Chicago, 1886).

BIBLIOGRAPHY Portrait

and Biographical Record

995

of fVinnebago and Boone Counties. Illinois^ contain-

.... citizens, together with biographies .... Biographical Publishing Company

ing biographical sketches of prominent of all the governors

of the state

(Chicago, 1892).

Power, John Carroll, History of Springfield, business, manufacturing,

etc.

Illinois,

its

....

advantages for

(Springfield, 1871).

Redmond, Patrick H., History of ^uincy, and its Men of Mark, or facts and figures exhibiting its advantages and resources, manufactures and commerce (Quincy, 1869).

James M., Peoria, City and County, Illinois, a record of settlement, organization, and achievement, 2 volumes (Chicago, 1912). Richmond, C. W. (ed.). History of Du Page County, Illinois, (Aurora, 1877). Wall, John A., IFatl's History of Jefferson County, Illinois (Indianapolis, 1909). Rice,

progress

INDEXES

Index of Names Adams, Augustus, amendments,

203,

Ballingall, Patrick, addresses, 534-539;

612, 628;

appointment to committee

amendments, 309, 608-609; appoint-

and

65; biographical notice of,

ment

949;

office,

remarks, 617;

Akin, George

W.

resolutions, 43.

(John W.), amend-

ments, 700, 702; appointment to committee, 66;

949;

biographical notice of,

remarks, 754, 860.

949;

biographical notice of,

remarks, 207, 474, 619, 621;

reports, 521, 688.

Anderson,

appointment

office,

cal notice of, 950.

65;

to

biographi-

775;

remarks,

resolutions, 7-8;

request

with-

to

draw, 66; substitutes, 854. S.,

biographical notice of,

gn.

Bergen, John G., biographical notice

of,

22n. Blair,

Samuel,

committee and

5 14,

53. 59. 62, 86, 519, 521, 542, 549, 787;

Bargar, John

Allen, Willis, appointment to committees, 65, 66;

committees, 65,

to

biographical notice of, 950;

Montgomery, address,

pointment

to

123;

committee, 66;

apbio-

graphical notice of, 951.

Blakely, William H., appointment to

,

Archer, William R., addresses, 98-99,

amendments, 23, 353.454)615.770.793; appointment 350-352, 434-438;

to committees, 65,66, 159, 774;

bio-

committee, 65; biographical notice of, 951.

Bond, Benjamin, addresses, 417-419, ^33; amendments, 353, 855; appoint-

graphical notice of, 950; remarks, 23,

ment

47, 61, 89, 127, 155, 183, 462, 540, 621,

notice

648, 669, 795, 8ii, 888; reports, 190;

to

committee, 66; biographical of,

951;

remarks,

3,

13,

287, 723, 724; resolutions, 3, 201, 722.

Booth, Louis M., appointment to

resolutions, 46, 71.

office,

Armstrong, George W., amendments, 291, 609, 654, 720, 766, 772, 784, 800, 804, 848; appointment to committees, 65. 159;

biographical notice of, 950;

remarks, 551, 723;

resolutions, 24;

appointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 950;

William,

addresses,

805; bio-

remarks,

871;

appointment to committees, 65,

514, 777; biographical notice of, 951;

Brockman, James, 303, 644, 870; mittee, 65;

amendments,

petitions, 395; remarks, 58, 176, 939; resolutions, 9,

397, 516, 883, 942; of, I59n.

67,

appointment to combiographical notice of,

951; remarks, 112, 182, 200, 202, 219,

921.

Bailey, Gilbert S.,

651-

654, 922-923; amendments, 444, 610,

petitions, 787; resolutions, 201.

substitutes, 520, 763-764, 767.

Atherton, Martin, amendments,

Bosbyshell,

biographical notice

48; substitutes, 731.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Brown, George T., addresses, 828-831; amendments, 774, 827, 834; appoint-

ment

to committees, 65, 769;

graphical notice of, 951;

no,

bio-

remarks,

832, 833; resolutions, 350, 447.

Bunsen, George, appointment to combiographical notice of,

mittee, 66;

951; Butler,

resolutions, 284.

Horace,

committee, 66; of,

566-569;

appointment to

biographical notice

952; petitions, 305; remarks, 371,

Thomas

appointment to

B.,

committee, 65;

biographical notice

of, 953S., amendments, 71; appointment to committee, 66; bio-

Casey, Franklin

graphical notice of, 953.

Casey, Zadoc, appointment to commit-

and

tees

addresses,

amendments, 514;

Carter,

offices,

biographical

i,

65, 770,

notice

of,

953;

777; re-

marks, 513, 630, 841, 844; reports, resolutions, 276, 334, 487,

250, 340; 628.

300;

Choate, Charles, appointment to com-

Caldwell, Albert G., addresses, 680-683,

Church, Selden M., amendments, 192, 453. 515. 819, 864; appointment to committee and office, 66; biographi-

618,

resolutions,

763;

643,

mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 954.

substitutes, 655.

689-693, 757-759; amendments, 285, 333, 499. 623, 644, 703, 772, 845-846;

appointment 769;

committees, 65, 66,

to

biographical

notice

of,

952;

remarks, 108, 507, 617, 623, 630, 659, 703, 711, 724, 742, 757, 776, 780, 808, 846; request to withdraw from com-

cal

notice

of,

160, 204, 219;

remarks,

954;

105,

resolutions, 83.

amendments, 356, 393, 404, 626, 644; appointment to committee and office, 66; biographi-

Churchill,

Alfred,

remarks, 96, 120,

cal notice of, 954;

reports,

mittee, 66; substitutes, 498, 507, 709,

166,

710, 729, 928-929.

resolutions, 196; request to withdraw,

Campbell, James M., amendments, 613, 804, 889; appointment to committee, 66;

biographical

notice

of,

952;

remarks, 298; resolutions, 47, 83, 196,

Campbell, Thompson, addresses, 31-37, 76-78, 451-452, 475-481, 516-518, 572-577, 816-817, 822-823, 831-833, 848-849, 900-921;

amendments,

83, 385, 389, 475, 802, 888;

ment

22,

appoint-

committees, 65, 775, 777; biographical notice of, 953; remarks, to

68, 88, 156, 241, 247, 362, 384-386,

800;

248. Cline, William J., appointed assistant,

door-keeper pro tem,

I.

Cloud, Newton, addresses, 4-5, 824biographical

826;

298.

618, 723;

241,

elected

president,

notice 4;

of,

petitions,

954; 45.

amendments,

839;

appointment to committee, 66;

bio-

Colby,

Eben

F.,

graphical notice of, 955; 540;

remarks,

resolutions, 889.

Constable,

Charles

186, 401, 443, 778;

committee,

65,

notice of, 955;

amendments, appointment to

H.,

biographical 775; remarks, 107, 175,

479.

488,

516.

521,

842,

848,

923,

925; resolutions, 46,

195, 196, 200, 241, 244, 709, 711, 713,

request to withdraw

787, 803, 851, 887; resolutions, 43, igo, 201, 721, 775; substitutes, 766. Crain, John, amendments, 649;appoint-

71, 250, 349;

from committee, 238;

557-558,

796,

substitutes,

379, 899-

Canaday, John, appointment to committee, 66;

953;

biographical notice of,

resolutions, 251, 897.

ment

to committee, 66; biographical

notice of, 955; remarks, 722; reports,

628, 640, 730.

INDEXES Robert

amendments, 307, 361, 375, 405, 785; appointment to

Cross,

committee,

J.,

65,

notice of, 955;

777;

biographical

petitions, 324, 457,

485; resolutions, 250. Cross, Samuel

J.,

lOOI

Deitz, Peter W.,

amendments,

152, 174,

200, 308, 727, 736, 772, 873; appoint-

ment

to committee, 66;

biographical

notice of, 957; petitions, 424; substitutes, 925.

appointment to com-

mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 956.

Dement, John, addresses, 16-19, 177" 179. 491-494. 683-685, 751-753, 931amendments, 612, 688,721; appointment to committees, 65, 5 14;

933;

Dale, Michael G., addresses, 375-378,

788-790; amendments, 361,375, 454; appointment to committees, 65, 775;

biographical notice of, 957; remarks,

biographical notice of, 956; petitions,

642,

854; remarks, 128, 788, 854.

reports,

Davis, David, addresses, 461-462, 753-

amendments, 22, 309, 405, 888; appointment to committees, 66,

754, 843;

159;

biographical

petitions,

171;

notice

of,

956;

remarks, 113, 120,

160, 218, 661, 735, 753, 812, 842, 843; resolution, 82.

Davis, James M., addresses, 128-130,

369-371. 569-572, 850-851, 861-862;

amendments, 444,

641,

24, 100, 309, 393, 440,

648,

739,

793, 871,921,

926; appointment to committees, 65, biographical notice of, 956; 777;

remarks, 19, 51, 58,60,63,75,92, 100,

50.51, 53. 67. 68, 163, 177, 214, 240, 661,

658,

649,

663,

124, 189, 673;

669,670;

resolutions,

67,71,942; substitutes,890. Dresser, Charles, biographical notice of,

42n.

Dummer, Henry

appointment to

E.,

committees, 65, 159,774; biographical notice of, 958;

petitions, 524.

Dunlap, James, amendments, 668; appointment to committee, 65; appointed

teller,

biographical

4;

notice of, 958.

Dunn, Harvey, appointment mittee, 66;

to

com-

biographical notice of,

958.

Dunsmore,

appointment

Daniel,

112, 120, 128, 161, 163, 166, 196,339,

committee, 66;

385, 391, 401, 510, 522, 618, 624, 650,

of,

to

biographical notice

958; resolutions, 42.

659, 672, 756, 780, 795, 805, 850-852, 861, 924; resolutions, 44, 84, 291. Davis, Thomas, G. C, addresses, 28-29,

Eccles, Joseph T.,

498, 805, 823;

430-434. 494-497. 558-566, 748-751.

mittee, 65;

93S-93i\ amendments, 453, 514, 792; appointment to committees, 65, 159,

958;

775;

biographical

notice

of,

957;

remarks, 75, 95, 327, 339, 479, 481,

amendments, 200,

appointment to combiographical notice of,

remarks, 193, 506, 840; report,

90; resolutions, 636, 942; substitutes, 806, 855.

Edmonson, John W. appointment

F.,

amendments,

to committees, 65,

555. 558, 723. 813; reports, 383, 446; resolutions, 84, 250; substitutes, 469,

71;

641.

resolutions, 70, 109, 943, substitutes,

Dawson, John, addresses, 818; amendments, 357, 444, 608, 626, 628, 632, 785,817; appointment to committees, biographical notice of, 957; remarks, 818; reports, 673; resolu-

66, 775;

tions, 70, 84, 170, 191, 383.

159;

biographical

notice

of,

959;

520.

Edwards, Cyrus, addresses, 171-174, 346-349,885-887; amendments, 511, 802; appointment to committees, 65, 66, 513;

biographical notice

of,

959;

remarks, 52, 54, 249, 398, 512, 623,

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Edwards, Cyrus to

Dregg, David L. (cont.)

(cont.)

reports, 673, 927, 931;

821;

request

withdraw, 247; resolutions,

7, 21,

43. 345-346, 878; substitutes, 5, 354, 885.

Edwards, Ninian W., amendments, 303, 310, 356, 482, 728, 773, 820, 824, 868; appointment to committee, 66; bio-

935; amendments, 164-165, 675, 735, 760; appointment to committees, 66, I59> 769; biographical notice of, 961; remarks, 86, i66, 239, 262, 438, 450,

471, 508, 539. 545, 548, 549, 615. 722, 723, .839, 847, 850, 852; reports, 191, 812;

resolutions, 518, 943.

petitions,

Grimshaw, William A., appointment

to

787, remarks, 89, 162, 332, 358, 385,

committee, 65; biographical notice

of,

graphical notice of, 959;

substitutes, 5, 334, 700, 928.

407;

961; resolutions, 50, 896; substitutes.

Evey, Edward, appointment to committees, 65, 514; biographical notice of,

959; remarks, 185; resolutions, 44.

Ewing, James T., biographical notice of, 960.

Hale, Albert,

biographical notice

457-

Harding, Abner Farwell, Seth B., amendments, 649, 760

appointment to committee and

772;

of,

45n; resolutions concerning, 387-388;

office, 65, 66, 159,

514;

biographical

notice of, 960; petitions, 82, 395, 498;

addresses, 293-297;

graphical notice

of,

961

;

remarks,

195, 245; substitutes, 336, 392, 767.

Harlan, Justin, appointment to com-

remarks, 449, 624, 671, 706, 756. Frick, Frederick, appointment to

C,

amendments, 154, 392, 614, 766; appointment to committee, 66; bio-

com-

mittee, 65; biographical notice of, 960.

mittees, 65, 159, 514, 769;

biograph-

ical notice of, 962.

Harper, Joshua, appointment to com-

Thomas, addresses, 227; amendments, 119, 386, 703, 713, 720, appointment to committee,

Geddes, 765;

biographical notice of, 960;

65;

re-

mittee and

office, 65,

774;

biograph-

ical notice of, 962.

Harvey, Curtis K., addresses, 472-474; amendments, 94, 310, 323, 612, 645,

marks, 99, 155, 196, 485, 647, 762;

657, 720, 728, 800, 868, 869; appoint-

resolutions, 48, 191.

ment

Graham, James, appointment

769;

remarks, 438, 821; substitutes,

647, 732, 776, 780, 882; reports, 312, 314. 315; resolutions, 43; substitutes,

793-

mittee and

office,

65;

biographical

notice of, 960; remarks, 39, 301, 371,

tee, 65;

biographical notice of, 960.

William

498, 508.

Hatch, Jeduthan, appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice of,

962; remarks, 388.

850, 921.

Green, Peter, appointment to commit-

B.,

committee, 65; of,

159,

103, 156, 195, 268, 329, 472-474. 643.

Green, Henry R., appointment to com-

Green,

committees, 65,

biographical notice of, 962; remarks,

biographical notice of,

mittee, 66;

960;

to

com-

to

appointment

biographical

to

notice

961.

Gregg, David L., addresses, 165, 438440, 528-534, 675-677, 839-840, 933-

Hawley, Nelson, amendments, B65; appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 963;

petitions,

356; resolutions, 290.

Hay, Daniel, amendments, 626, 720; appointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 963.

bio-

INDEXES Hayes, Snowden, addresses, 99, 810-

1003

Jenkins, Alexander M., addresses, 220-

811,890-895; amendments, 455, 846, appointment to committee, 66;

221; amendments, 448; appointment

896;

to committee, 66; biographical notice

biographical notice of, 963; remarks,

of,

petitions, 636;

965;

remarks, 89,

78, 286, 442, 790, 810, 847, 852, 926;

112, 119, 220; reports, 111,315,469;

resolu-

resolutions, 45, 315; substitutes, 855.

reports, iii, 267, 289, 730;

substitutes,

tions, 43, 160, 249, 724;

biographical

notice

of,

George H., appointment to com-

mittees, 66, 159; biographical notice of,

mittees, 65, 514; biographical notice

964;

petitions, 289.

Hogue, James M., amendments, 443, 465, 656, 765, 802; appointment to committees,

65,

159;

biographical

notice of, 964; remarks, 152,623,813;

tions, 104; remarks, 619; reports, 186.

Holmes, William H., amendments, 824; appointment to committee, 66; bio-

biographical notice of,

966.

Kenner, Alvin R., amendments,

Samuel, appointment to committee and office, 65, 159; biographical notice of, 964.

Hurlbut, Stephen A., amendments, 84, 85, 309, 454, 785, 841; appointment biographical

notice of, 964; remarks, 86, iii, 214,

804;

appointment to committee, 66;

148, 176;

remarks,

resolutions, 195, 201;

sub-

stitutes, 927.

Kinney, Simon, amendments, 881; pointment to committees, 66,

ap5 14;

biographical notice of, 966; remarks, 396, 623, 843; substitutes, 68, 297.

Kinney, William

C,

addresses, 524-527;

appointment

to committees, 65, 66, 5 14; biographical

notice of, 966;

petitions, 457;

reports, 314;

resolutions, 250.

Kitchell,

Alfred,

addresses,

677-680;

amendments, 47, 310, 455, 488, 613, 865, 866; appointment to committee biographical and office, 66, 159; notice of, 966; remarks, 60, 154, 507,

619, 677;

resolutions, 195;

substi-

tutes, 200, 633, 851.

539, 677, 786.

Huston, John, appointment to com-

Knapp, Augustus R.,

mittees, 65, 66; biographical notice of,

666;

965.

65,

appointment

Aaron

C, appointment

66,

159;

to

biographical

notice of, 965; petitions, 395.

James, James A., appointment to committee, 66; biographical notice of, 965.

addresses, 661to

committees,

159; biographical notice of, 967;

remarks, 792,

committees,

123,

200, 403, 444, 484, 514, 645, 699, 720,

remarks, 47, 89, 643;

graphical notice of, 964.

Hunsaker,

to committees, 65, 514;

mittee, 65;

amendments, 47, 508;

substitutes, 170, 637, 767.

Jackson,

amendments, 488,

biographical notice of, 966;

964; resolutions, 302.

Hoes, Abraham, appointment to comof,

B.,

964;

petitions, 787; remarks, 168,362,581. Hill,

Humphrey

65; biographical notice of, 965; peti-

Judd, Thomas, appointment to com-

of, 9('3-

Henderson, Hugh, amendments, 291; appointment to committees, 65, 5 14, 774;

Jones,

514,773; appointment to committee,

154, 867.

Heacock, Reuben E., appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice

880; resolutions, 457;

substitutes, 359, 375, 631.

Knapp, Nathan M., amendments, 392, 819; appointment to committee, 66; biographical notice of, tions, 48, 83, 388.

967;

resolu-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

I004

Knowlton, Lincoln B., addresses, 222, 582-607; amendments, 22, 386, 726; appointment to committees, 65, 66, petitions, 395;

notice

of,

969;

remarks,

2,

26, 33. 39. 48.49, 51. 57. 60, 62, 105,

121, 123, 156, 163, 167, 203, 213, 219,

remarks, 38, 78, 97,

287. 301. 331. 358. 402. 405. 451. 475. 659, 826, 841, 851, 889, 926; reports,

of,

180, 185, 246, 332, 339, 581, 795, 812; resolutions,

graphical notice

967;

biographical

775;

Logan, Stephen T. (cent.)

substitutes,

290;

765,

845.

814;

resolutions, 5, 768; substitutes,

444.

Knox, James, amendments, 397, 608; appointment to committee, 65; bio-

Loudon, John T., addresses, 135-137; amendment, 202; appointment to

remarks,

coAimittee, 66; biographical notice of,

graphical notice of, 967; 180;

969; remarks, 144, 245, 262, 661.

resolutions, 170.

Kreider, George, appointment to committee, 66;

biographical notice of,

968.

McCallen, Andrew, addresses, 131-135, 860-861; amendments, 24, 85, 353, 386, 392, 613, 637, 645, 720, 819, 867;

Lander, Samuel, appointment to committee, 66;

biographical notice of,

968.

committees,

66;

65,

to

biographical

notice of, 968.

committee, 65;

to

biographical notice

542,

805,

548,

813,

550,

860;

44, 201; substitutes,

619, 621,

resolutions,

109, 656,

820,

McClure, William, appointment to committees, 65, 159;

biographical notice

of, 969.

of, 968.

William,

biographical notice

B.,

amendments, 361,

appointment to committee, 66;

biographical notice of, 968.

Lockwood, Samuel Drake, amendments, 361, 403, 488, 628, 702, 726, 806, 819,

appointment to committee, 65;

to

com-

biographical notice of,

969.

McHatton, Alexander, appointment committee, 66;

biographical notice of, 968.

Lenley, Isaac, appointment to committee, 66;

McCuUey, John, appointment mittee, 66;

of, 968.

Lemon, George

866;

776,

874-

appointment

William,

Laughlin,

836;

biographical notice of, 969; remarks, 155. 520,

James M., appointment

Lasater,

Lavely,

appointment to committees, 65, 66;

of,

to

biographical notice

970.

Manly, Uri, appointment to commit774; biographical notice 970; withdrawal from convention,

tees, 65, 514, of,

926.

remarks,

Markley, David, amendments, 334, 630,

362,384,405,733, 763; reports. Ill; resolutions, 108, 387, 942; substitutes,

695, 708, 729, 766, 799, 819, 821, 823, 835; appointment to committee, 66;

764, 865.

biographical notice of, 970; remarks,

biographical notice of, 968;

Logan, Stephen T., addresses, 13-17,

amend-

39-41, 36J-367. 396-397; ments, 24, 49, 119, 160, 170, 174, 307,

120, 643, 888; resolution, 69; substitutes, 656, 785.

Marshall,

Franklin

S.

D.,

amend-

637, 658, 674, 784, 868, 889, 524, 925;

ments, 84, 444, 488; appointment to committees, 65, 775; biographical

appointment to

notice of, 970; petitions, 615; resolu-

335. 360, 369. 407. 445. 448. 514, 630.

appointed

teller, 4;

committees, 65, 66, 514, 769;

bio-

tions, 250.

INDEXES Thomas

Marshall,

A., appointment to

committee, 65; of,

biographical notice

Oliver, John,

appointment to commit-

tee, 65; biographical notice of, 971.

substitutes, 767.

970;

Mason, John West, amendments, 608; appointment to committee, 66, biographical notice of, 970;

remarks,

resolutions, 43.

181;

1005

Matheny, James H., appointment

to

committee, 66; biographical notice of,

Pace, George W., appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice of,

971.

Palmer, Henry D., amendments, 803, 865; appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 971; remarks, 20, 53. 57. 73. 182, 618, 795.

970.

Mieure, John, appointment to commitbiographical notice of, 971.

tee, 65;

Miller, Robert, appointment

com-

to

Palmer, John M., addresses, 754-756; amendments, 46, 488, 771; appoint-

ment

to committees, 65, 159;

bio-

mittee, 66; biographical notice of, 971.

graphical notice of, 973; remarks, 49,

Minshall, William A., addresses, 409-

51, 61, 118, 169, 199, 317, 330, 704,

amendments, 2, 335, 511; appointment to committees, 65,

754, 762, 763, 764, 776, 790, 826, 848,

414, 744-748;

biographical

159;

remarks,

notice

2, 12, 59, 74,

341, 410, 618;

of,

971;

138, 203, 287,

resolutions, 42, 153;

substitutes, 766.

MofFett, Garner, appointment to committee, 66;

biographical notice of,

971; petitions, 395; resolutions, 85.

Henry W.,

Moore,

office, 1,5;

appointment

biographical notice of, 971.

Moore, William

S.

(George

in roll of convention),

to

to

committee,

66;

S.

Moore

appointment biographical

notice of, 971.

863; reports, 769;

appointment to

committee, 66; biographical notice

of.

Onslow,

458-461;

remarks,

biographical notice of, 973; 27.

407.

79,

458.

522,

616,

723;

resolutions, 43; substitutes, 482, 762.

Pinckney, Daniel

J.,

addresses,

205-

207; appointment to committees, 65, 159;

biographical

notice

of,

974;

remarks, 105, 241, 842, 862.

Powers, Williams B., amendments, 100,

appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice of, 974;

resolu-

tion, 250.

Pratt, O.

C,

addresses, 552-555, 578-

580, 713-715;

Nichols, Jacob M., appointment to com-

addresses,

amendments, 392, 458, 515, 698, 726; appointment to committees, 65, 769;

736;

Morris, Richard G.,

resolutions, 8, 44,

389, 446. Peters,

amendments,

24, 702,

mittee, 66; biographical notice of,97i.

739. 741; appointment to committees, 65. 159. 769; biographical notice of,

Northcott, Benjamin F., addresses, 426-

974; remarks, 52, 161, 242, 401, 762,

430; amendments, 335, 356; appointment to committee, 66; biographical

794, 861, 895, 925, 938; substitutes,

Rives, George W., appointment to com-

tions, 45.

Norton, Jesse O., addresses, 210-212;

amendments,

ment

to

94, 210, 386;

appoint-

committee, 66; biographical

notice of, 971 163, 362.

69. 85, 741, 764, 896.

remarks, 777; resolu-

notice of, 971;

;

remarks, 63, 95, 110,

mittee, 65;

biographical notice of,

974-

Robbins, Ezekiel W., addresses, 79-81;

amendments,

43, 54, 488, 611, 648,

771,775; appointment to committee.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

ioo6

W.

Robbins, Ezekiel

amendment, 772; ap-

Shields, William,

(cont.)

65; biographical notice of, 975; peti-

pointment to committee, 66;

tions,

104,312,446,732; remarks, 67,

graphical notice of, 976;

649;

resolutions, 24, 46, 199.

242;

Robinson,

appointment

Benaiah,

committee, 66;

to

biographical notice

Roman, William W., amendments,

516,

appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice of, 975; remarks,

Rountree, Hiram, amendments, 90, 285, 307,511; appointment to committee, biographical notice of, 975;

re-

marks, 59, 68, 181, 193, 19J, 630; resolutions, 45, 192;

substitutes, 68,

amendments,

92, 138-143, 743;

124,

190, 307, 309. 361, 515. 625, 627, 644, to

com-

774;

bio-

appointment

732, 802, 925; mittees, 4,

65,

66,

514,

graphical notice of, 975; remarks,

i,

no. 137.193.244.

2,3. '3.47. 51.79.

262, 324, 327, 332, 542, 732, 742, 787, 792, 801, 898, 926; reports, 106, 108, resolutions,

939; 191,

250,

i,

43,

44,

substitutes,

774;

substitutes, 6^, 83.

83, 301;

ment

amendment, 802; appoint-

to committee, 66;

Servant, Richard B., amendments, 190, 456, 484, 796; 65, 774;

appointment to

office,

biographical notice of, 976;

remarks, 56,57,

petitions, 312, 340;

244, 407, 475;

resolutions,

250,

reports,

498;

substitutes,

302;

761.

tee, 65, 159;

354;

appointment to committee, 65;

bio-

graphical notice of, 976;

resolutions,

250; substitutes, 359. Sherman, Francis C, amendments, 152,

654;

appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice 6.

amendments, 699, 865;

petitions, 761; biographical notice of,

mittee, 66;

J.,

appointment to com-

biographical notice of,

977; remarks, 883; reports, 284. Singleton, 151,

James W., addresses, 149-

223-227,

amendments,

229-238,

715-717;

154, 284, 306, 695, 734,

760, 764, 773, 834;

appointment to

committee, 66; biographical notice 977;

petitions, 219;

733, 826, 863, 881;

251;

388, 4I4. 712.

resolutions, 23,

substitutes, 768, 856.

Edward

O., acjdresses, 415-417;

amendments, 773; committee, 66; of,

of,

remarks, 25, 26,

"9.

42, 47. 72. 75, 97.

appointment to

biographical notice

978; remarks, 408.

Smith, Jacob, amendments, 727; appointment to committees, 65, 777; biographical notice of, 978;

resolu-

tions, 83.

Thomas C, amendments,

Sharp,

biographical

remarks, 843.

notice of, 977;

Sim, William, appointment to commit-

Smith,

785.

185,

872;

resolutions, 65, 66, 71,

52, 246, 287;

Simpson, Lewis Scates, Walter B., addresses, 29-31, 90-

45,

514, 698, 736,

biographical notice of, 977; remarks,

977; substitutes, 353.

383.

3'^3>

D., amendments, 48,

191, 488, 499,

Sibley, John,

840.

65;

Shumway, Dorice

appointment to committees, 65, 159;

of. 975-

626;

bio-

remarks,

resolutions, 46.

of,

976;

remarks,

52. 153. SI9. 555. 617. 646, 658,

667, 713;

reports, 106, 775.

Spencer, John W., appointment to committees, 65, 5 14; biographical notice of,

978; petitions, 356; resolutions, 201.

Stadden, William,

amendments, 626;

appointment to committees, 65, 774, 777;

biographical notice

of,

978.

Swan, Hurlbut, amendments, 864; apbiopointment to committee, 65; graphical notice of, 978.

INDEXES Thomas, William, appointment office, 65, 66, of,

978;

address,

to

186-188;

committees

and

769; biographical notice

amendments, 356, 385, 454,

612, 726, 727, 797; remarks, 2, 53, 62, 161, 162, 166, 169, 193, 521-522, 617,

1007

Wead, Hezekiah

(cont.)

appointment to com-

456, 489, 805;

mittee and

office, 65,

of, 980; petitions, remarks, 38, 73, 78,

312, 457. 775; 317.

155.

358. 512, 670, 776, 777,

637. 643, 733; reports, 186, 289; sub-

862; reports, 395,

stitutes, 160, 626.

9,

Thompson, William W., amendment, 626;

appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice of, 979; petition,

636; remarks, 114.

514, 775, 777;

biographical notice

48,

191,

290;

807;

resolutions,

substitutes,

819,

845.

Webber, Thompson R., appointment to committee, 65;

biographical notice

of, 981.

Anthony, addresses, 542547; amendments, 210, 309, 323, 393, appointment to 797> 798, B55, 866;

Thornton,

committees, 66, 774;

biographical

notice of, 979; petitions, 82; remarks, 89, 148, 540, 545; resolutions, 85, 250;

West, Edward M., addresses, 827-828;

amendments, 633, 771, 803, 805, 868; appointment to committees, 65, 159; biographical notice of, 981; remarks, resolu-

III, 191, 214, 388, 619, 827; tions, 160.

Whiteside, John D., amendments, 308,

reports, 939.

Trower, Thomas, appointment to committee, 65; biographical notice of, 979.

644,727,798,836,869,931; appoint-

ment

to committees, 66,

159;

bio-

TurnbuU, Gilbert, amendments, 392; appointment to committee, 66; bio-

graphical notice of, 981; remarks, 49;

remarks,

Whitney, Daniel H., addresses, I45-

graphical notice of, 979;

i55> 207, 374. 388, 527, 617;

315;

report,

biographical notice of,

office, 66;

980; petitions, 424; resolutions, 85. Tutt, William, appointment to committee, 66;

147, 856-860;

biographical notice of, 980.

Tuttle, James, addresses, 835-836;

ap-

pointment to committee, 66;

bio-

Vance, John W., amendments, 740; appointment to committees, 65, 159; substi-

substitutes, 864.

980;

Archibald,

505, 882-883;

biographical notice of,

resolutions, 201, 250.

to committees, 65,

118, 317-322, 399-401, 621-623, 862-

863;

amendments,

72, 308,309, 484,

501-

of,

514, 777;

981;

bio-

remarks, 4,

19.52,55,57,59,63,95. 148,315,

323, 542, 643, 646, 650, 660, 732, 783, 880, 882-883; resolutions, 284; substitutes, 819.

5;

J. A.,

appointment to

offices, i,

biographical notice of, 982.

Witt, Franklin, amendments, 162, 456, 628, 728, 788; mittee, 65;

addresses, 9-1 1, 116-

addresses,

amendments, 307, 308,

323, 360, 660, 868, 880; appointment

Wilson,

tutes, 819.

Vernor, Zenos H., appointment to com-

Wead, Hezekiah,

170, 556,

remarks,

38, 60, 154, 159, 616, 790, 800, 856;

Williams,

7,

mittees, 65;

amendments,

biographical notice of, 981;

graphical notice

graphical notice of, 980.

biographical notice of, 980;

substitutes, 403.

870; appointment to committee, 159;

substitute, 357.

Turner, Oaks, appointed to committee

and

reports, 289;

appointment to combiographical notice of,

982; substitutes, 778, 779.

Woodson, David M., addresses, 92-94, 419-423, 424-425, 879-880; amend-

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Woodson, David M.

(cont.)

ments, 196, 401, 404, 625, 636, 675, 814; appointment to committee, 66;

Woodson, David M.

(cont.), substitutes,

637. 793-

Worcester, Linus E., amendments, 124;

biographical notice of, 982; remarks,

appointment to committee, 65; bio-

37-38, 50, 63, 64, 9a, 401, 547, 677, 705,

graphical notice of, 983;

879, 895;

resolutions, 42,43, 69, 71;

48;

substitute, loo.

resolutions,

Index of Articles and Sections Article

boundaries, state.

i,

Article

powers;

Article 3 (cont.)

of powers

distribution

a,

government, section

procedure on

of

section 2, no department to

section

general assembly, legisla-

tive

power; section

bly,

members,

2,

and

acts;

section 24, general assembly,

mem-

requirements

department,

the legislative i,

general assem-

general

election of;

section

resentatives;

power

general

terms

section

of;

members,

appropriations,

26,

25,

pay; ex-

for

29,

assembly,

impeachment, judgment; section

section 28,

of;

officers liable to

assembly, senators,

of; section 6, general

assembly,

bills

penditures; section 27, impeachment,

section 4, general as-

sembly, qualifications, senators; sec5,

for

compensation

bers,

section 3, general assembly, qualifications, rep-

tion

section 22, general

section 23, general assembly,

tions;

exercise powers of otliers.

Article 3,

bills;

assembly, fees and salaries, restric-

distribution of

i,

assembly,

general

ineligibility;

section 30, oath, officers;

section 31,

members, number of; section 7, general assembly, members, disabilities

section 32, general assembly, general

section 8, general assembly, ap-

laws on divorce; section 22t compen-

of;

portionment according section

9,

mation; section tricts,

against state;

by

authorized section

dis-

crime;

section 34, suits

bank charters not assembly;

general

special legislation

36,

hibiting sale of

section 11,

by

section 35, lotteries,

banks or

state

assembly,

representative

excess population;

no extra;

sation,

districts, for-

10, general

and

senatorial

to population;

general assembly, senato-

and representative

rial

disqualification

officers,

lands;

pro-

section

37,

general assembly, time of meeting;

appropriations, deficiency of;

section 12, general assembly, officers

38, credit of state not to be given;

of,

quorum;

section

14,

section

general

13,

assembly, journal, yeas, nays; tion

and representatives by

protest; section 15, general assembly,

general rules, punishment of bers;

assembly;

section 16, general assembly,

privileges;

eral

assembly,

of; section

section

20,

gen-

general

sessions;

sec-

proposed section, general

assembly, prohibition of special privi-

assembly, ad-

assembly,

supplies;

leges or exemptions.

Article

punishment, power

19, general

journment and open tion

18,

for

district;

tion 41, canvass of votes for general

mem-

vacancies; section 17, general assembly,

contracts

39,

section 40, apportionment of senators

sec-

assembly, right of

general

section

sec-

laws,

style of; section 21, general assembly,

1009

the

4,

section

I,

executive

department,

executive power; section 2,

governor, election;

section 3, gover-

nor, term of office;

section 4, gover-

nor,

for;

qualifications

section

governor, residence and salary;

5,

sec-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Article 4 (cont.) tion

governor, oath;

6,

section

7,

governor, message to general assem-

power of; secgovernor, power over other

Article J (cont.) time of; section I4,

courts, judges;

tion

courts,

9,

section 10, general assembly,

offices;

special sessions;

nor,

gover-

section 11,

army and navy, commander-in-

chief; section 12, governor,

appointment; section

13,

power of governor,

provided

17,

county

19,

courts, personnel; section 20,

county

courts, judges, compensation; section

supreme and

21,

election of;

tion, term, qualifications; section 15,

cial officers,

speaker of the senate; section 17, governor, compensation;

county

16,

section

for;

section

jurisdiction;

power to adjourn general assembly;

16,

section

county courts, judges, election and term of; section 18, county courts,

section 14, lieutenant governor, elec-

lieutenant governor, rights of; section

supreme court,

time of election; section 15, circuit

bly; section 8, pardon,

circuit court clerks,

section 22, courts, judi-

commissions; section 23, election of not provided for in

officers,

constitution;

section 24, courts, ap-

lieutenant

peals from local courts; section 25,

section 18, lieutenant governor, suc-

officers,

cession to; section 19, governor, suc-

process, form of;

cession

section

to;

vacancy;

20,

governor,

section 21, governor, veto

county, removal; section 26,

of the

section 27, justices section

peace;

attorney;

section

28,

state's

and

circuit

29,

power; section 22, secretary of state;

supreme courts,

clerks, terms, duties,

section 23, auditor of public accounts;

compensation;

section 30,

section 24, state treasurer; section 25, seal of state;

ment, section to

proposed

attorney general, proposed

i,

proposed

abolish;

officers,

3,

section 26, impeach-

officers subject to;

no

offices,

life

section

2,

term; proposed section

one lucrative

at a

office

time. Article

section

the

judiciary courts,

i,

department,

judicial

power

supreme court, members, quorum; section 3, supreme court, grand divisions; section 4, supreme court, judges, term of; section 5, supreme court, jurisdiction; section 6, supreme court, terms; section 7, circuit courts, judges and vested in;

districts;

section 2,

section 8, circuit courts,

terms and jurisdiction;

supreme and

section

9,

circuit court, vacancies;

section 10, judges, salaries bility

court, grand division for election of

judges;

section 31,

to other offices;

and

eligi-

section

11,

supreme court,

places of meeting; section 32, appeals

and writs of error; preme court, grand

section 32, sudivisions, provi-

sion for altering.

Article

cation for; ballot;

and the right of

election

6,

suffrage, section 5,

supreme

voting by

2,

section 3, electors, privileges;

section 4, electors,

duty;

tary

suffrage, qualifi-

1,

section

exempt from

section

residence not lost

mili-

suffrage,

j,

by absence from

United States on business; section suffrage, residence of soldiers,

and

marines;

qualifications,

dence;

section

office,

and

citizenship

6,

seamen

7,

resi-

section 8, suffrage, disqualifi-

cation, infamous crime; elections, general,

change

Article 7, counties, section

formation of new; section

judges, eligibility; section la, judges,

division;

removal; section 13, judges, election.

ment

for

section 9, in

time

of.

i,

counties,

2,

counties,

section 3, counties, govern-

unorganized;

section

4,

INDEXES Article 13 (cont.)

Article 7 (cont.)

counties striking off or adding terri-

moval; section tion;

county seats,

section 5,

tory;

re-

township organiza-

6,

section 7, sheriff, term of; pro-

section 2, sovereignty of the people; section

no

tions, free

surveyor, election

trial

Article

section

militia,

8,

subject to service; section

tions;

3,

i,

exemp-

section

election:

officers,

section 5, commissioned

by governor:

tion, capitation tax;

uniform

taxa-

i,

section 2, taxa-

rule,

special

taxes;

section 3, taxation, exemption; tion 4, taxation,

sec-

redemption from tax

section 6, taxation, powers of

sales;

general assembly;

proposed section,

form of payment. Article

corporations,

10,

section

of

organization

corporations,

i,

by

section 2, corporations,

general law;

banks, no state

dues;

section

banks;

section 4, banks, liability of

3,

stockholders; section

5,

banking cor-

porations, referendum required; tion 6, corporations;

acts of incorporation,

ment

to or repeal of.

in

commons,

common

Article 12,

sec-

proposed sec-

tion,

Article 11,

amendi,

rights

amendments

to the consti-

section

section

called;

2,

to constitution.

Article 13, liberty I, life,

and

accused persons,

9,

and

section 10, grand jury;

rights;

section 11,

double jeopardy and eminent domain; section 12, justice free

and prompt;

free

liberty

proportional

penalties

to

imprisonment

section

15,

section

16, slavery

offense; for

debt;

and involuntary

section 17, ex post facto

servitude;

law, contracts, obligation of, and

bills

of attainder; section 18, banishment prohibited;

section 19, government,

principles;

section 20, civil power,

military subordination;

section 21,

assembly and petition, right; section 22, soldiers, quartering;

press

section 23,

and speech, freedom;

section

24, evidence, jury in libel suit; section 25, dueling,

dueling,

punishment; section 26, oath

special

concerning;

proposed section, taxation. Schedule,

1-26,

section

18, English

section

6,

language to be used; pro-

posed section, seat of government,

in certain lands.

amendments

how

6, jury,

searches

due process of law;

county commissioners' court; section

sectjon

tution, section i, constitutional con-

vention,

7,

section 13, habeas corpus; section 14,

section 6, privileges. Article 9, the revenue, section

tion,

section

by;

seizures; section 8,

section 4, officers, election of generals:

section 5, elec-

and equal; section

persons

section 2,

section 4, office,

religious test for;

posed section, county officers, coroner, of.

conscientious objectors,

3,

exempt from jury;

government,

and property;

change Article

of.

14,

negroes,

emancipation of

immigration and

in State;

proposed

section, restrictions in marriage office.

Article 15, state debt tax.

and

Ill

Index of Subjects Accused person, rights

(art. 13, sec. 9),

Bills, see

Bills

865, 944.

Amendments

to constitution

(art.

12,

200-201, 927, 928, 944. See constitutional convention.

sec. 1), 199,

Appeals and writs of error

(art. 5, sec.

(art. 1), 837, 944.

Canvass of votes

for general

see general

Appropriations, deficiency

assembly.

Circuit courts, clerks:

797-798. 944; election of

for

expenditures (art. 3, sec. 26), 67, 308,

judges:

(art. 5, sec. 7),

Assembly and

801, 944;

petition, right of (art. 13,

apportionment of 83, 499, 500-513, 800-

district

Arbitration tribunal, 108.

time of election

804-805,944; terms and jurisdiction

sec. 2:), 871, 944.

(art. 5, sec. 8),

83, 801, 944; vacancies, 801-802, 944.

Civil power, military subordination (art.

23), 190. 514-515. 74-

13, sec. 20), 871,

874,944.

Committee, of the whole:

Ballot, see suffrage.

Banishment prohibited

(art. 13, sec. 18),

convention

resolved into, 62, 251, 267, 276, 284, 291, 297, 302, 305, 307.308, 315. 3^9,

870, 944.

Banking laws, system

of,

85-98, loi,

104, 109.

334. 350, 356, 360, 375, 383, 391, 392, 395. 403. 424. 442, 448. 453. 458. 462,

Banks, banking corporations,

referen-

required (art. 10, sec. 5), 301,

469, 488, 490, 498, 514, 515, 524, 540, 551, 581, 613, 615, 625, 629, 632, 637,

313-314, 640, 648-657, 669-673, 675-

640, 651;

688,695,703,729,944; charters from general assembly (art. 3, sec. 35), 109,

170, 267;

on

bill

resolutions referred to, 50,

of rights, 65, 83,84, 191, 201,

of stockholders

305, 485, 521, 688, 787, 942;

313-314, 641, 645,

division of state into counties

liability

10, sec. 4),

688, 693, 944; no state banks (art. 10, sec. 3),

(art. 5, sec.

15),

Attorney general, 793. Auditor of public

(art.

(art. 5, sec.

21), 83, 806, 944;

699, 944.

721, 944;

compensation,

duties, terms of (art. 5, sec. 29), 83,

(art. 3, sec.

37), 66, 71, 353, 728-729, 944;

dum

assembly

(art. 3, sec. 41), 878, 944.

Capital punishment, 85, 111.

see governor.

Apportionment,

(art. 13, sec. 17), 867,

Boundaries, state

32), 888, 890, 944.

Appointments,

general assembly.

of attainder

870, 944.

69-70, 85-89, loi, 164-170,

on and

organizations, 65, 111, 191, 284, 315,

469;

on education, 65, 82, 171, 174,

251, 252-266, 267-283, 289, 291, 312,

238-250, 284, 289, 290, 305, 356, 395,

314, 640, 645-648, 695, 703-719, 729,

424. 457. 485. 498, 524. 615, 769. 898; on elections and right of suffrage, 65,

(proposed section) 734, 944; 314, 614, 660, 668, 807, 872.

251,

84, 105, 158, 170, 446, 787;

1013

on execu.

;

IOI4

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

Committee

(cont.)

Constitution (cont.)

in, 250; on

tive department, 65, 71,

finance, 43, 65, 70, 106, 170, 191, 457,

on incorporations, 65, 69,

775, 884;

85, loi, 109, 164, 251, 289, 291, 300,

301, 312-315;

on judiciary, 65, 71,

43» 839, 841, 939;

vote on adoption

of, 944. Conscientious objectors, exempt from

jury

(art.

13, sec. 3), 250, 289, 854,

944.

82, io6, 108, 109, 159, 250, 315, 383,

Constable, see county

424; on law reform, 65, 160, 195, 267,

Constitutional convention, call of (art.

on

289, 312, 446, 730, 890;

legislative

business, 43, 65, 71, 83, 124, 162, 189, 195, 201, 284, 305;

on

military

191,

affairs,

65,

militia

289;

and on

miscellaneous subjects and questions,

12, sec.

officers.

0,927,928,944.

Contracts for supplies

(art. 3, sec. 39),

obligation of

190, 356-359, 732, 944; (art. 13, sec. 17), 944.

Convention

invitations

business,

re-

sym-

65, 290, 628, 636, 638, 640, 730, 884;

ceived, 288, 446; resolutions of

on organization of departments, and

pathy, 345, 446, 701; resolutions of thanks, 388, 943;

officers

connected

department, 30s;

with

executive

65, 84, 159, 190, 250,

on revenue, 65, 71,

192, 250, 289, 340, 809;

777;

51S. 695. 742. 807, 836, 873, 878, 890,

on rules, 7; on agriculture, other resources and internal improvements, 196, 800, 939; on commons, 340,809; on judiciary, 513, 673; on schedule, 774, 926, 939; on senatorial and representative districts, 159, 722, 812, 874, 879; on townships, 43, 19J, 395; to compare printed copy of con927. 931. 939, 942, 944;

and

select:

stitution with enrolled one, 945;

to

divide the state into grand divisions,

768-769, 887;

to prepare address to

people, 775, 941; to procure translations of constitution resolutions,

rights in

common

in certain

(art. 3, sec. 2;^,

67,310,720,944. Constitution,

942;

238, 247, 926; resolutions for, 24, 43, 44, 46;

vacancy

46-47; hall, use

copies

in,

926;

of, 298,

employees,

323, 721, 848,

896; journal, 160, 487, 942;

members: compensation

of, 9,

196-

leave of absence, 162,

199, 298, 301;

288, 289, 298, 299, 350, 383, 395, 469, 581, 628,

698, 707, 761, 775; privileges, 338; supplies, 521-522; 190, 301, officers: address of president pro

551,

personal

tem, 4-5;

assistant secretary, 3, 23,

160, 942; election of, pro tem, 23;

i, 4, 5,

number and compensation

4,9-21,23-41; secretary, seating of members, 7,

of, 3,

5;

organization, oath of office,

1-3;

8, 9;

powers and duties: resolution, 23; debate, 25-41, action, 41;

-•

address to people, 941

adjournment, 628-629, 841-844, 945; assembly,

lands (art. 11), 201, 809, 944.

Compensation, no extra

775;

requests to withdraw from, 66,

procedure:

889.

Commons,

of, 7, 43,

65. 159. 191, 196, 340. 513. 769, 774.

on revision

and adjustment of the articles of the constitution adopted by this convention, and to provide for the alteration and amendment of the same, 65, 199,

special

committees: appointment

83, 90, 186,

i

;

order of business,

8, 9,

23. 37, 43.55, 65, 67, 69, 276, 944, 945; order of proceedings, 55-62, 67-69;

distribution,

points of order, 75, 174, 297, 389, 628;

delivery to secretary of state,

705, 706, 707, 708, 729, 777, 809, 897; prayers, 7, 387, 457, 485-487, 519;

for

signing of, 945;

submission

of.

INDEXES Convention business requests

for

information,

sions

44;

43,

sessions, 42, 43, 302;

i),

publication of debates,

71-81, 153, 160-161;

amendment

rules:

7, 21; limita-

(art. 10, sec. 2),

312,

Credit of state, not to be given

10, sec. 6), 641, 944; organization by general law (art. 10, sec. 1), 300, 312,

314, 640, 641-644, 695, 944. Council of revision, 70.

^33y 944; sec.

944;

(art. 7, sec. 3),

824-

(art. 7,

unorganized

(art. 7, sec. 5), 836,

944, striking off or adding territory

835-836, 944. County courts, provided for, judges:

(art.

5,

767-768, 770, 944;

compensation of

sec. 20), 785, 944;

of (art.

to exercise

2, sec. 2), 55, 836, 837, 944.

Double jeopardy, eminent domain

(art.

process of law (art. 13, sec. 8), 84,

732, 865, 944.

Dueling, punishment

(art. 13, sec. 25),

191, 869, 871, 944; special oath concerning (art. 13, sec. 26), 872, 944.

772, 944; personnel (art.

Elections, general, change in time of (art. 5, sec. 9), 46,

5,

5, sec. 18), 771,

778-

(schedule,

890,944. chancery

in

suits, 890, 896:

944(art. 4, sec. 1), 45, 360.

734. 944post facto laws (art. 13, sec. 17), 867

Ex

sec. 6), 106-107. officers, coroner,

duty

double jeopardy.

in libel suit (art. '13, sec. 24), 873;

Executive power

785, 944-

see

English language to be used (schedule;

Evidence,

jury 5, sec. 19), 50,

militia

609, 612, 944.

Eminent domain, sec. 18),

771, 944;

County commissioners court

612, 944.

exempt from

612, 944;

(art. 6, sec. 4),

(art.

and terms

election

5, sec. 17), 770,

jurisdiction of (art.

County

i),

no departpower of others (art.

55, 62-64, 837, 838, 944;

ment

Electors, privileges (art. 6, sec. 3), 609,

(art. 7, sec. 4),

sec. 16), 45,

and state

834-835, 944; county

removal of

seats,

for

see appropriations

debt tax. Distribution of powers (art. 2, sec.

13, sec. 11), 866, 944.

(art. 7, sec. 2),

formation of new

government

Debt, state,

Due

48, 111-124, 821, 824, 897,

i),

(art. 3,

sec. 38), 83, 729, 944.

for encourage-

of internal improvements (art.

Counties, division

944;

testimony in, 85. See county courts, county commissioners court, supreme

quorum, 43, 383, amendments to constitution.

640, 644, 695, 944;

ment

798,

in (art. 5, sec.

court.

50-55,

printing of, 65; .Sf^

22),

of, 43,

tion on speeches, 628, 629; new rules proposed, 48, 50, 201, 340, 395, 897;

387.

sec.

5,

power vested

448, 449-453, 760, 944; of equity,

resolution, 46;

340-345; committeeon,

Corporations, dues

(art.

judicial

records: absentees, 636; newspaper reporters, 8;

1015

Courts (cont.)

(cont.)

surveyor, etc.,

870, 944.

election of (art. 5), 806; recorder, 109,

removal of

(art. 5, sec. 25), 804, 806,

944Courts, appeals and writs of error (art. 5, sec.

from

32), 888, 890, 944;

appeals

local courts (art. 5, sec. 24), 794,

798, 944;

judicial officers,

Freedom,

.

General assembly, adjournment, sec.

19), 304, 698, 944;

ment according sec. 8),

(art. 3,

apportion-

to population (art. 3,

334-33S> 944; fees and sala-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

ioi6

General assembly (cont.)

General assembly (cont.)

ries, restrictions (art. 3,sec. 22),

698, 944;

304, general laws and divorce

720, 944; general rules, punishment of members (art. 3, sec. 32), 108,

vacancies (art. 3, sec.

303. 697. 944;

16), 304, 697, 944.

Government, principles

(art.

13, sec.

:8), 871, 944-

944; ineligi-

Governor, army and navy commander-

bility (art. 3, sec. 29), 309, 719, 944; journal, yeas, nays (art. 3, sec. 13),

election (art. 4, sec. 2), 360, 735, 944;

(art. 3, sec. 15), 304, 697,

legislative

303, 697, 944;

power

(art.

3, sec. 1), 44, 66, 19s, 284, 69J, 944;

members:

apportionment by

dis-

874-875, 879-

tricts (art. 3, sec. 40),

in-chief (art. 4, sec.

1

1),

403, 737, 944;

filling

vacancy

944;

messages to general assembly

(art. 4, sec. 20),

738,

(art. 4, sec. 7), 736,

944; oath (art. 4,

sec. 6), 736, 944;

power to adjourn

884, 944; compensation of (art. 3, sec.

general assembly (art. 4, sec. 13), 737,

30^308, 699,

944; power of appointment (art. 4, sec. 12), 837, 944; power over other

24), 44, 45, 76, 84, 124,

944; disabilities of (art. 3, sec. 7), 83, 308, 700-702, 944; election of (art. 3, sec. 2), 45, 285-288, 291-292, 695, 944;

number of

(art. 3, sec. 6), 71,

124-152, 153-158, 293-298, 302-303, 696, 944;

pay

(art. 3, sec. 25),

699,944; privileges of (art.

308,

3, sec. 17),

304, 694, 944; officers of,

(art. 3, sec. 12),

open

sessions, (art.3,

procedure on

sec. 19), 304, 698, 944; bills

(art.

4,

sec.

(art. 3, sec. 21), 195,

375. 736, 944;

375-382. 384-387. 736. succession to (art. 4, sec. 19),

4, sec. 5), 45,

944;

term of

738. 944;

(art. 4,'sec. 21), 83,

office (art. 4, sec.

Grand jury

(art. 13, sec. 10), 865, 866,

944-

304, 698,

311.315-333.359-360,725; punishment, power of (art. 3, sec. 18), 304,

Homestead and exemption

698, 944; qualifications: representatives (art.

Impeachment,

senators (art.

3, sec. 4), 292, 696, 944;

requirements for

bills

(art.

right of

population

(art. 3, sec.

10), 124, 153-157. 158,335.336-337. 350-353. 727. 944; formation (art. 3,

(art.

13, sec.

13),

866,

867, 944.

ment

officers

laws, 884.

liable

to judg-

(art.

3, sec. 28), 719, 944; subject to (art. 4, sec. 26), 74I, power of (art. 3, sec. 27), 309,

officers

944;

and acts

944;

protest (art. 3, sec. 14), 304, 697, 944; senatorial and representative districts: excess

veto power

404-442. 739. 944-

Habeas corpus

3, sec. 23), 305, 698,

944;

361-

residence, salary (art.

944; prohibition of special privileges or exemptions (proposed section),

3, sec. 3), 292, 695, 944;

737,

9),

qualifications for (art. 4, sec. 4),

3), 45, 84, 361, 735, 944;

quorum

303. 697, 944;

officers

702, 944-

Imprisonment

for

debt

(art. 13, sec. 15),

867, 944.

Indebtedness, see state debt tax.

Indictment, see grand jury. Internal inprovements, see corporation (art. lo, sec. 6).

sec. 9). 48. 124. 335. 726, 944;

senators, terms of (art. 3, sec. 5), 45, 292, 696, 944; special sessions (art. 4, sec. 10),

meeting

393-403, 737, 944; time of

(art. 3, sec. 11), 71, 84, 124,

Judges, election, time of (art.

5, sec. 13),

84, 804, 805, 944;

eligibility (art. 5,

1), 803, 804,

944; removal (art.

sec.

1

5, sec. 12), 806, 807,

944; salaries and

INDEXES Judges (cont.)

Negroes (cont.)

eligibility to other offices (art. 5, sec.

801, 803,

83,

71,

10),

1017

See

944.

863, 873, 944; restrictions in marriage

(proposed sections), 180, 871, 873.

supreme court. Oath,

Jurisdiction, see courts.

Jury,

by

trial

Justice, free

(art. 13, sec. 6), 864, 944.

and prompt

(art. 13, sec.

officers (art. 3, sec. 30), 310, 729,

944Officers, county,

removal of

(art. 5, sec.

25), 804-806, 944; disqualification

12), 866, 944.

Justices of the peace (art.

5, sec.

17),

crime

(art. 3, sec. 31),

by

720, 944; elec-

tion of not provided in constitution

785-786, 787-793, 944.

944; no life term (proposed section), 251. one lucrative office at a time (art. 5, sec. 23), 804, 805,

Laws, codification and publication, 890896;

style (art. 3, sec. 20), 306, 699,

944.

See general assembly, special

legislation.

Legislative

governor,

compensation

election, (art. 4, sec. 17), 738, 944; term, qualifications (art. 4, sec. 14),

rights of (art. 4, sec.

4°3. 737. 944;

I5)> 403> 737i 944; succession to (art. 4, sec. 18), 404, 738, 944.

i), 83,

and property

201;

qualifica-

Pardon, power of

(art. 4, sec.

8),

71

39i-293, 736, 944Penalties, proportioned to offense (art. 13, sec. 14), 867, 944.

Poll tax, see capitation.

Preamble, 837. Press and speech, freedom of (art. 13, sec. 23), 389, 872, 944.

(art. 13, sec.

846, 944.

Lotteries, authorized by general assem-

bly (art. 3, sec. 35), 109, 721, 944.

Lucrative

section),

(art. 3, sec. i), 44, 66,

19s, 284, 695, 944. Legislature, see general assembly.

Life, liberty

(proposed

tions (art. 6, sec. 7), 836, 944.

power

Lieutenant

Offices,

office, see offices.

Message, see governor.

Primogeniture,

law prohibiting

(pro-

posed section), 890. Probate justice, (proposed section), 109. Process, form of (art. 5, sec. 26), 798, 944. Protest, see general assembly.

Revenue,

see taxation.

Mileage, see general assembly, members:

compensation

Salaries

of.

Military, see civil power. Militia,

exemptions

324, 613, 944;

persons subject to

School fund, 170-185,

commissioned by governor

944; election (art. sec. 3), 613, 944; election of gener-

(art. 8, sec. 5), 613,

als (art. 8, sec. 4), 324, 613, 944.

(sec. 1-26), 944.

see militia.

Negroes, immigration and emancipation of in state (art. 14), 47, 201-228, 855-

191,

289, 809,

898, 899, 925. Seal of state (art. 4, sec. 25), 741, 944.

Search and seizure

(art. 13, sec. 7), 864,

944-

Seat of government, change of (schedule

proposed section), 290. Secretary of state

Navy,

compensation.

Schedule

privileges (art. 8, sec. 6), 324, 613,944.

8,

fees, see

Sale of lands, see special legislation.

(art. 8, sec. 2), 191,

service (art. 8, sec. i), 324, 613, 944;

officers:

and

(art. 4, sec. 22),

442-

444> 739-741; 944Sheriff,

term of

(art. 7, sec. 7), 71, 106,

250, 805-806, 944.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

ioi8

Slavery and involuntary servitude

(art.

13, sec. i6), 83, 867, 944. 13, sec.

872,944. Sovereignty of the people

(art. 13, sec.

2), 846-853, 871,944. Speaker of the senate (art.

Supreme Court

(cont.)

456-484, 488, 743-759. 762-765, 887,

Soldiers, quartering (art.

22),

provision for altering (art. 5, sec. ^i), 889, 890, 944; named (art. 5, sec. 30),

887-890, 944; terms of

(art. 5, sec. 4),

82,488,489,765. jurisdiction (art. 5, sec. 5), 82, 454,

4, sec. 16),

738, 944Special legislation, prohibiting sale of

765, 944;

members, quorum

sec. 2), 82,

lands (art. 3, sec. 36), 310, 721, 944. Speech, freedom, see press.

of cases tried,

454-456, 761,944; number number of pending, 106,

State's attorney (art. 5, sec. 28), 190,

888, 890, 944;

193-191, 944State debt tax (art. 15), 48-50, 305, 457, See 885, 928,929, 931-939, 944. appropriations and debt.

to other offices (art. 5, sec. 10), 71,

State treasurer (art. 4, sec. 24), 190,

1

meeting

10; places of

(art. 5, sec. 31),

and

salaries

terms

83, 802, 803;

tion (art.

5,

sec.

(art.

eligibility

(art. 5, sec. 6),

489-499, 767, 799, 944; vacancies

(art. 5,

time of elec-

14), 804, 805, 944; sec.

5,

9),

801,

802.

514. 515. 741. 944Suffrage, disqualifications (art. 6, sec. 8),

609, 612, 944; qualifications (art. 6, sec. i), 47, 105-106, 170, 515-518,

524-608, 611, 944; residence not lost by absence from United States on

Taxation, capitation tax 45-71,

90-100,

611,

(art. 9, sec. i),

615-626,

815-817, 944; corporate taxes sec.

5),

638, 820, 944;

business of the state (art. 6, sec. 5), residence of soldiers,

(art. 9, sec. 3), 633, 637,

seamen and marines

ment (proposed

609, 612, 944;

(art. 6, sec. 6),

720, 944.

Supreme

of public

instruction

schools), 48, 899, 900-925,

court, appeals

and writs of

error (art. 5, sec. 32), 888, 890, 944; clerks:

election of (art. 5, sec. 2i),

83, 806, 809, 944; terms, duties,

pensation of (art.

section), 635;

powers

(art. 9, sec. 6),

redemption from tax

5, sec. 29), 83,

provided for

(art.

uniform

rule,

special

taxes

sec. 2), 70, 92, 106, 191,

(art.

9,

192-195, 250,

627, 629-632, 814, 816, 871, 944.

Township organization

(art. 7, sec. 6),

845, 944-

com797,

798, 944; judges: grand divisions for election of,

638, 820, 944;

sales (art. 9, sec. 4), 634, 819, 944;

Superintendent

(common

816, 944; (proposed section), 201; form of pay-

of general assembly

609, 612, 944. Suits against state (art. 3, sec. 34), 310,

809,

(art. 9,

exemptions

5, sec. 3), 82,

Veto power

(art. 4, sec. 21), 83,

404-442,

739, 944-

Voting by ballot 608, 612, 944.

(art. 6, sec. 2), 48, 84,

ILUNOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

ion

Slavery and involuntary servitude

(art.

13, sec. 16), 83, 867, 944.

Soldiers, quartering (art.

22),

872, 944.

Sovereignty of the people

(art. 13, sec.

846-853, 871, 944.

2),

Speaker of the senate

Supreme Court

(cont.)

456-484, 488, 743-759, 762-765, 887,

13, sec.

provision for altering (art. 5, sec. 33), 889, 890, 944; named (art. 5, sec. 30),

887-890, 944; terms of

(art. 5, sec. 4),

82,488,489,765.

(art. 4, sec. 16),

738. 944-

jurisdiction (art. 5, sec. 5), 82, 454,

members, quorum

765, 944;

Special legislation, prohibiting sale of

lands (art. 3, sec. 36), 310, 721, 944.

(art. 5,

454-456, 761,944; number of cases tried, number of pending, 1 06, sec. 2), 82,

Speech, freedom, see press.

no;

State's attorney (art. 5, sec. 28), 190,

888, 890, 944;

793-797, 944State debt tax (art. 15), 48-50, 305, 457, 885, 928,929, 931-939, 944- See

to other offices (art. 5, sec. 10), 71,

appropriations and debt. State treasurer (art. 4, sec. 24), 190,

places of meeting (art. 5, sec. 31),

83, 802, 803;

and

salaries

terms

489-499, 767, 799, 944;

eligibility

5, sec. 6),

(art.

time of elec-

tion (art. 5, sec.

14), 804, 805, 944;

vacancies

5,

(art.

sec.

9),

801,

802.

514.515,741,944Suffrage, disqualifications (art. 6, sec. 8),

609, 6i2, 944;

qualifications (art. 6,

i), 47, 105-106, 170, 515-518, 524-608, 611, 944; residence not lost by absence from United States on

sec.

Taxation, capitation tax 45-7',

90-100,

611,

(art. 9, sec. i),

615-626,

815-817, 944; corporate taxes sec.

5),

638, 820, 944;

business of the state (art. 6, sec. 5), residence of soldiers,

(art. 9, sec. 3), 633, 637,

seamen and marines

ment (proposed

609, 612, 944;

(art. 6, sec. 6),

609, 612, 944. Suits against state (art. 3, sec. 34), 310, 720, 944.

of

public

instruction

(common schools), 48, 899, 900-925, Supreme court, appeals and writs of error (art. 5, sec. 32), 888, 890, 944; election of (art. 5, sec. 2i),

83, 806, 809, 944; terms, duties,

pensation of (art.

section), 635; powers of general assembly (art. 9, sec. 6),

638, 820, 944;

5, sec. 29), 83,

797,

rule,

redemption from tax special

taxes

sec. 2), 70, 92, ro6, 191,

(art.

9,

192-195, 250,

627, 629-632, 814, 816, 871, 944.

Township organization

(art. 7, sec. 6),

845, 944.

Veto power

(art. 4, sec. 21), 83,

404-442,

739, 944-

judges: grand divisions for election

provided for

uniform

com-

798, 944;

of,

816, 944; (proposed section), 201; form of pay-

sales (art. 9, sec. 4), 634, 819, 944;

Superintendent

clerks:

809,

(art. 9,

exemptions

(art. 5, sec. 3), 82,

Voting by ballot 608, 612, 944.

(art. 6, sec. 2), 48, 84,

I

°

-Ii2 5Vfc S-:!k SK-" g

Sk^

2

g-^K^

i

S.".

h'H

O

^"1 ".is'Siiog 0-73 xJ^^

i^&l ^e

E E E 6 S 6 H E

E-^E

E E E

E-fS

E E E E E E

E^

£ E S

coo's

«2

"^^-S

?.i

a

i2'55S

5s

§ 3=3-o||i2^-2i2 ^5>o:§>.|i;i»|:3'§^g ^stt^i'i^b'^

"E S E E-?'-?'E-

p-p E S E E

i?o>-j;3M

E-

gQQQQQClQQQQ^QQQPQ^QQDQQQQQ& ^S^lllllilliillll'i^lgaQaQ^^QllQllilQSQlQfHaa^

fc.

a)

g

c

5

o

§11

9 c-i 2 c § §-

i;^

'

II

o^i

§

fe.

fe-

v:!

r^ II .

.-te

r*",

SjUQjoIcjfcfecij'GoloaJajaj'UwaiciJ

53J

E| ^^s

>.>

^

41.1^' ]

EE

sg

S

-;;;

e.i >.^ §>E-S^-StS'.2ig-S 2 8ig

5^gS^2^0(

'SEE

E-_s

E-^

'SEE

2.^^

E-_s

Si

5

2

>.2|

1

ip-

SrS-S'S-

&I

•? -p

E S

?.S-^-^l

i

QpQ^QQ^Q^QQ^QQQQ^QlQ^^lQlQ^Q^Q^Q^iQ^iQQQ^^C''Df in ;

:ZWWZ2SZ2>2'Zt^2>266H>6>SMM>(2lsW'2Wt

•^^z:z-z---^z

diill Hi illi J Jilliilliilli il rl|

^ :5-^^£:i£--'i:i-^

.=:

.-2

.tJ

. .

;>0>2>W>WSrsZt4>

iililiil^llJJfilisililJrillllllltlillP'^*-

^.U O M o-c cfePl'sPlea =