Table of contents : Contents Brain-Computer Interface Research: A State-of-the-Art Summary 10 1 Introduction 2 What Is a BCI? 3 The Annual BCI Research Award 4 The BCI Research Award Book Series 5 Projects Nominated for the BCI Award 2020 6 Summary References Evaluation of Human Posterior Parietal Cortex in Gesture Decoding Performance Enhancement Using Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) Signals 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion References Speech Decoding as Machine Translation 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion References Optically Pumped Magnetometers for Practical MEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfacing 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 OPM-MEG System 2.2 Experimental Paradigm 3 Results 4 Discussion References EEG Decoding of Pain Perception for a Real-Time Reflex System in Prostheses 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Patient Recruitment and Sensory Stimulation 2.2 EEG Data Recording and Experiment 2.3 EEG Signal Processing and Classification 2.4 Source Localization 3 Results 3.1 All Stimulation Conditions Activate the Parietal Lobe. Noxious Stimulation Activates the Central Motor Cortex 3.2 Spatio-Temporal Biomarkers for Noxious-Evoked Activity 3.3 Successful Classification of the Three Different Stimulation Conditions 3.4 Noxious-Related Activation Within the Medial Wall of the Cerebral Cortex References High-Dimensional (8D) Control of Complex Effectors Such as an Exoskeleton 1 Introduction 2 Interview A Computer-Brain Interface that Restores Lost Extremities’ Touch and Movement Sensations 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion References Restoring the Sense of Touch Using a Sensorimotor Demultiplexing Neural Interface: ‘Disentangling’ Sensorimotor Events During Brain-Computer Interface Control 1 Introduction 1.1 Methods 2 Brief Methods Overview 2.1 Study Participant 2.2 Brief Methods for Fig. 1 2.3 Brief Methods for Fig. 2 2.4 Brief Methods for Fig. 3 3 Results 4 Brief Discussion References A Brain-Spine Interface Complements Deep-Brain Stimulation 1 Introduction 2 Interview Automatic Speech Separation Enables Brain-Controlled Hearable Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Speaker-Independent Speech Separation 2.2 Behavioral AAD Experiment and Neural Measurements Neural Recordings 2.3 Decoding the Listener’s Attentional Focus 2.4 Psychoacoustic Experiment 3 Results 3.1 Accuracy of Attention Decoding 3.2 Increased Subjective Quality of the Attended Speaker 4 Discussion References A High-Performance Handwriting BCI 1 Introduction 2 Interview A Neuromorphic Brain-Computer Interface for Real-Time Detection of a New Biomarker for Epilepsy Surgery 1 Introduction 2 Interview References Recent Advances in Brain-Computer Interface Research: A Summary of the 2020 BCI Award 1 The 2020 Awards Ceremony 2 The 2020 Winners 3 Conclusion with Past and Future Directions References