Benjamin Disraeli Letters: 1842-1847, Volume IV 9781442671270

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BENJAMIN DISRAELI LETTERS: 1842-1847

BENJAMIN DISRAELI LETTERS

The Disraeli Project, Queen's University at Kingston

VOLUME FOUR 1842-1847

Edited by M . G . WIEBE General Editor

J . B . GONAGHER Co-editor

JOHN MATTHEWS Co-edit.or

MARY S. M I L L A R Research Associate

University of Toronto Press

Toronto, Buffalo, London

www.utppublishing.com © University of Toronto Press 1989 Toronto Buffalo London Printed in Canada ISBN 0-8020-5810-8 Graphic Design: Peter Dorn, RCA, FGDC Layout and Coding: Linda D. Freeman

Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Disraeli, Benjamin, 1804—1881. [Correspondence] Benjamin Disraeli letters Vols. 3-4 edited by M.G. Wiebe ... [et al.]. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. Partial contents: [v. 4] 1842-1847. ISBN 0-8020-5810-8 (v. 4) i. Disraeli, Benjamin, 1804—1881. 2. Prime ministers — Great Britain — Correspondence. 3. Great Britain ... Politics and government — 1837—1901.1.Gunn,J. A. W. (John Alexander Wilson), 1937— • II. Wiebe, M. G. (Melvin George), 1939— . III. Title. DA564-B3A4 1982 94i.o8i'o92'4 082-094169-7

The Disraeli Project has received generous funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and from the Principal's Development Fund and the Advisory Research Council of Queen's University. Publication of this volume is made possible by a grant from the Canadian Federation for the Humanities, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.

CONTENTS

Illustrations I vi Acknowledgements I vii Introduction I ix Editorial Principles I liv Headnote I liv Text I liv Annotations I Iv Index I Iv

Disraeli Chronology 1842-1847 I Ivi Abbreviations in Volume Four I Ixv Chronological List of Letters 1842-1847 I Ixxi Letters I 3 Appendices I 333 i Pre-iB^.2 Letters Newly Found I 333

H 'Coeur de Lion'/'Laelius'/fRunnymede'Letters I 362llers 362.. in Draft of Memorandum for Louis Philippe I 371 iv Draft of Letter to Palmerston I 374 v Commonplace Book I 376 vi 'Tom Noddy' I 382

vn A Grand Junction Ministry' .I VIH 1847 Bucks Election Material I 385 ix Published Occasional Pieces 1842-1847 I 394 x Inventory of the Contents ofGrosvenor Gate I 400

Recipients, Volume Four I 407 Index to Volume Four I 409

ILLUSTRATIONS

1847 election cards for Disraeli and Cavendish I Ixiv Bust of Disraeli (1846) by William Behnes I Ixxxiv Louis Philippe I Ixxxv George Smythe by Richard Buckner I Ixxxvi Lord John Manners by Sir Francis Grant I Ixxxvii 'Young England's Lament' I Ixxxviii 'Young England's Old Habits' I Ixxxix Lord George Bentinck by H.B. I xc The Wellington Statue and its supporters I xci Map of railways in England in 1847 I xcii 'The Political Cheapjack' I xciii 'Protectionist Sentinels' I xciv Two pages from a letter by Mary Anne Disraeli I 19 'The Modern Moses in the Bulrushes' I 332 'Political Tumblers' I 384

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We remain indebted to those acknowledged in earlier volumes.

Leslie Guttridge-White; Mrs Elisabeth Wade; Donald and Delores Mopsik;maede available copies o LETTERS IN THEIR HOLDINGS:

The Huntington Library and Mary L. Robertson; The Hughenden Collection; The Carrington Collection, the Bodleian Library; Fitzwilliam Museum; Broadlands Archives Trust and Southampton University Library; University of Illinois; British Library; Zeitlin and ver Brugge; Archives Nationales, Paris; University of Arizona; Belvoir Castle Archives; Lee Kohns Collection, Montague Collection, Berg Collection, New York Public Library; Clements Library, University of Michigan; Bowood House Archives (Marquess of Lansdowne); Birmingham Reference Library; Derby Papers; University of Edinburgh; University of Durham and J.M. Fewster; Dartmouth College Library; Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Denmark; Durham County Record Office; The Provost and Fellows of Eton College; Graham Papers, Netherby Manor; Duke University Library; Harvard University Library; Toyo Bunko, Japan; Library of Congress; Maine Historical Society and John S.H. Fogg; Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Pierpont Morgan Library; Massachusetts Historical Society; Manchester Public Library; National Library of Scotland; Pennington-Ramsden Collection, Muncaster Castle; Carl H. Pforzheimer Library; Queen's University Archives; the Rendells Inc; Salop County Record Office; Shropshire County Library; Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin; Brigham Young University; Scottish Record Office; Trinity College, Cambridge; University of Texas, Austin; Victoria and Albert Museum; University of Iowa; Waltham Forest; Warwickshire County Record Office; University of Tasmania; University of California, Los Angeles; Universytet Jagiellonski Biblioteka Jagiellonska, Krakow; Yale University; Hughenden Trust; Dunedin Public Library and Paul Sorrell. Leslie Guttridge-White; Mrs Elisabeth Wade; Donald and Delores Mopsik;maede available copies o LETTERS IN THEIR POSSESSION:

Leslie Guttridge-White; Mrs Elisabeth Wade; Donald and Delores Mopsik; Norris McWhirter; Major J. Maxse; Sir Ralph Verney; Anthony F. Griffin; the estate of Mrs E. Johnson (Sharman and Trethewy, solicitors).

FOR HELP OF VARIOUS KINDS WE ARE GRATEFUL TO:

Enrico L. Pasini; John de Bruyn; Andree Lheritier, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris; Jean M. Ayton, Central Library, Manchester; R.A. Preston, Shropshire County Library; C.M. Woolgar, University of Southampton; Carol A. Goodfellow, Inverness Public Library; T.D. Rogers, Bodleian Library; Philippe Contamine, Societe de 1'Histoire de France; S.K. Ellison, Record Office, House of Lords; L.J. Reilly, Local History Library, Greenwich; Paul Smith, University of Southampton; M. Cousins, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London; Jane M. Jeffrey, Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh; Callum Calder, Alumni Relations, University of Edinburgh; Alice Terry-Marion; Clive Bostle, Buckinghamshire County Library; Helen Hornbeck Tanner, Newberry Library; M.R.D. Foot, London; Mrs Gerald Rogers, Arnprior, Ontario; Colin Mathew, Oxford; Robin Myers, Stationers' Company, London; Mrs E.A. Cole, Shrewsbury; T.J.S. Cole, Carleton University; David Schulson of David Schulson Autographs, New York; Mrs Barbara North, Buckinghamshire, England; Patrick Cormack, House of Commons, London; D.A. and W.P. Staveley, Belvoir Castle; Mihai H. Handrea, New York Public Library; Joanne Shurvell, Toronto; William Callahan, Toronto; Hon Christopher Brett, Watlington Park, Oxford; Sheila M. Smith, University of Nottingham; Susan Lythgoe, Denver; I.F. Lyle, Royal College of Surgeons of England; R.A.H. Smith, British Library; Michael Millgate, University of Toronto. Jo Currie, University of Edinburgh Library; Deutsches Historisches Institut, London, and Peter Alter, Adolf Birke, Jane Rafferty. QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY Donald H. Akenson; Craig Ferguson; F.P. Lock; James Leith; Grant Sampson; Ray Pare; Alvin Wood; The School of Business.

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INTRODUCTION

This fourth volume includes Disraeli's letters from 1842 to 1847 - the most dramatic period of his middle life, and the one still subject to continuing debate and interpretation. These are the years of Young England, of the trilogy, and of the overthrow of Peel. This is also the period of some of the actions by Disraeli which have evoked much criticism and reproof, such as his vote against the Maynooth grant and his denial in 1846 that he had sought office under Peel in 1841. Each topic requires our particular attention: historians and political scientists will find the parliamentary activities of paramount importance; literary scholars will concentrate on Coningsby, Sybil arid Tancred as, to them, the best and most significant of all Disraeli's literary works. With the full sequence of letters perhaps some new light can be shed on these matters. Careful readers of the first three volumes will see here the coming together of ideas and attitudes that have been slowly developing over the previous twenty years. They are all concerns we have seen before, sometimes tentatively and in isolation, sometimes confidently and in detail. One needs only to review the early novels, in addition to What is He?, The Vindication of the English Constitution, Gallomania, even the analysis of dynamism and reaction in The Revolutionary Epick, to see the extent to which the individual strands have here begun to coalesce into a consistent and coherent pattern - all of them woven on the continuing theme which he had first enunciated in 1826 and repeated over and over again, that in every aspect of life - literature or politics - the touchstone was the presence or absence of imagination. At the end of 1841 Disraeli's position was perilous. He had emerged as the MP for the Borough of Shrewsbury after a bitter campaign in which the details of his debts had been posted for all to see. Worse, there was a petition lodged against his election, carrying the possibility that he could lose his seat and the immunity to arrest for debt which it afforded. The mention of plans for flight abroad was not at all far-fetched - they could well have been needed. Disraeli had, however, one great asset, a loving and beloved wife, for his marriage turned out to be much more successful than might have been expected. It brought more than a comfortable and well-situated home and a fixed income that covered the expenses of a moderately stylish way of life. Despite Mary Anne's occasional jealous flare-ups and Disraeli's attempts to keep certain unpleasant business communications and some of his correspondence with his sister Sarah

from her,' their exchange of almost daily letters when they were separated and his love poems addressed to her on birthdays and wedding anniversaries are indications that they were genuinely devoted to each other. He may have used exaggerated language to please her, but that was in his nature and his protestations of loneliness when separated from her ring true.2 All in all we may say that one of Disraeli's more endearing features from the time of their marriage to Mary Anne's death thirty-three years later was his devotion to her.3 It remained to be seen, however, whether the marriage could survive the great burden of debt that Disraeli brought into it. Yet, despite all the hurdles in his path, five years later by the end of his second parliament his position was transformed. His marriage was intact, his creditors kept at bay (he was even negotiating the purchase of Hughenden Manor), he was sitting on the front bench as a key leader of the Protectionist Conservative opposition, and he had written three important books that are still read today. His other great asset was his ability as a speaker. We have already seen in Volume in how much he had developed this talent since his disastrous maiden speech, and the period covered by this volume will see him develop it into the powerful weapon which was to carry him to the top. When in 1841 it had become clear that Peel was not going to appoint him to any office in his new government, Disraeli's parliamentary position was even more ambiguous than it had been. As a vigorous member of the opposition he had enjoyed a large measure of independence in attacking Whig government measures and spokesmen, often finding himself in the company of independent Radicals who attacked both front benches. The role of a back-bencher on the government side of the House, where he was now situated, was a more circumscribed position - perhaps the least enviable of all parliamentary positions. Being confined to occasional speeches supporting government measures that he had not been involved in designing and with which he was more than occasionally liable to be in disagreement was not likely to appeal to him. In 1842 Disraeli had to decide which course he should take if he were to remain politically visible and be successful in promoting his views. Could he do this without breaking from the party to which he then had no great feelings of loyalty?4 At this time his attitude to party was ambivalent, but he recognized that within the existing system party could not be ignored. He decided on the major issue of the session to give qualified support to Peel's historic budget, which abolished a wide range of customs duties and reduced many others while keeping corn (grain) imports protected with a new sliding scale and which reintroduced for a limited period the unpopular income tax. On other issues where the government had not yet declared a policy he took his own line criticizing 1 See for example 1214 and 1217. See also index under Sarah Disraeli, her clandestine correspondence with Disraeli. 2 See their correspondence 17 February to 7 April 1842 and 4-9 August 1846. 3 This was a quality of Disraeli's that Gladstone found himself able to praise at the time of his death. Hansard CCLXI cols 43-4. 4 See 1217 to Mary Anne in which he expressed his early sense of frustration when he wrote: 'Before the change of Government, political party was a tie among men, but now it is only a tie among men who are in office. The supporter of administration, who is not in place & power himself, is a solitary animal. He has neither hope, nor fear.'

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the record of the previous government and often by inference that of the present one for not doing anything to rectify the damage that he claimed had been done. This entailed making himself the master of a number of topics of which most members had scanty knowledge, and it required much research and thought as to how to present his case. It could have been a passport to oblivion, which many dull cranks in parliamentary history have secured, but Disraeli was not a dull crank. His earlier career had been marked by alternating periods of indolence and the bursts of energy that had eventually got him into parliament. As we have seen in Volume in, these bursts of energy were particularly evident in the role he had carved out for himself as an independent-minded, but not ineffective, member of the opposition to the Melbourne government, and he had impressed those who listened to him with the thorough way in which he prepared the case he was making and the clever manner in which he presented it. This he continued to do, but with the difference that in time it brought him on a collision course with the government of the day and the leader of the party to which he was supposed to belong. The first issue that Disraeli decided to take up in 1842 was that of the consular service, and there are many references to his lengthy preparations in his letters to Mary Anne who was then at Bradenham.5 Indeed in the previous autumn, when he had been in fear of losing his seat and facing debtors' prison, it seems that he had considered the possibility of seeking a consular appointment himself and this may have been the origin of his interest in the subject. 6 Disraeli's motion for the amalgamation of the consular and diplomatic services finally came up on the night of 8 March. He made an elaborate speech, in his new understated style, with numerous concrete illustrations to support his contention that many completely unqualified people had been appointed to the service and that there was irrational overlapping between it and the diplomatic service.7 Although his speech contained an impressive amount of first-hand information about the consular service in various parts of the world, many of the charges he boldly made were unsubstantiated and, as Palmerston indicated, offensively personal. Moreover, the motion itself, as Peel and Palmerston asserted, 8 was scarcely warranted by the argument and he would have been wiser to content himself with calling for an inquiry. He must have known that earlier discussions of integration had failed and that he was unlikely to get official support for such a positive motion from either side of the House. One suspects that his main interest was in airing his views and maintaining his visibility in the House. In his letters to Mary Anne he undoubtedly exaggerated the extent of his successes; nevertheless, the effort he had made and the applause he had won helped to restore his morale and gave notice to the House that although marooned on the 5 See 1206-1225. 6 See VOL in xxix and 1194. The hearing of the petitions was postponed until the reassembly of parliament in the new year which gave Disraeli time to settle his outstanding accounts with new loans. See 1216 and 1240. 7 Hansard LXI cols 220-44. For Disraeli's account of the speech and its reception see 1224, 1225 anc^ 1226. 8 Hansard LXI cols 254-77.

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government back benches he was still a voice to be reckoned with. As yet, however, he considered it 'politic & necessary' to be seen as giving support to the government,9 but it would be in his own way. His next speech, on 22 April, provided an interesting example of what that way was to be. Neither Disraeli nor the majority of the party liked the reintroduction of the income tax even on a temporary basis, but they were not prepared to question Peel so soon after his decisive electoral victory, or to upset the ambitious fiscal program of which it was a key part. Disraeli made a short sharp speech, nominally in its support, without advancing any arguments in its favour. Rather, he proposed to explain why in his opinion this 'inquisitorial' tax was necessary. It was required, he maintained, to pay for the deficit not only in the United Kingdom, but also in India, because of the disastrous and unnecessary war in Afghanistan, which the previous government had undertaken without informing parliament or obtaining its sanction. But he went further than that. 'Nothing would be more astonishing', he continued, 'than that they [the Whigs] should be succeeded by a Government discreetly silent on the subject ...' If the prime minister was not prepared to institute an inquiry, he added, in concluding his speech, then the House of Commons should do so.10 It was a strange way to support the government, but Peel ignored the challenge and Disraeli gave them his vote. The question of Afghanistan interested Disraeli much more than that of the income tax and he brought it up on at least five other occasions during the 1842 session. The main occasion on which he spoke on the subject in 1842 was in seconding a resolution by H.J. Baillie, a fellow Conservative, asking for papers regarding the Afghanistan expedition, while in 1843 ne supported a resolution ofof the Radical Roebuck demanding a select committee on the war. In his speeches he showed considerable knowledge of India. He denied that there was any justification for the original invasion of Afghanistan given India's geographical position with 'impassable mountains' to the north, 'unfathomable ocean' to the south and neutral territory to the east and west. Since both front benches opposed both motions, in each case Disraeli found himself in a minority made up mostly of Radicals." In a very brief speech on 10 May12 Disraeli supported Peel's extensive tariff reforms, saying that free trade was a Tory not a Whig policy, instituted by Pitt in 1787 and supported by Shelburne, who came out of retirement to do so, and later by the Liverpool administration in the 18205. He maintained, however, that Pitt's policy was free trade on a reciprocal basis, although he failed to note that there was nothing reciprocal about Peel's 1842 tariff reforms. In two speeches in the summer of 1842 and in a third in February 1843 on tne topic °ftopic of. 'distress in the country', he reiterated his support for Peel's fiscal reforms of 1842, 'not from any blind submission', but because he approved of them in principle. As for the Corn Law he would wait and see. He strongly castigated 9 See 1219. 10 Hansard LXII cols 1028-31. 11 Hansard LXIV cols 444-60; LXVII cols 169-73. See further i25O&m and !284&n3- further 12520%abd 1284 n3baihuidniuishi. 12 Hansard LXIII cols 390-2.

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Palmerston for having set back the cause of free trade by his disastrous foreign policy, in particular for the ways in which he had antagonized France with the result that the French government had rejected a commercial treaty in 1841. In the 1843 sPeecn> however, he also rebuked Peel for failing to conclude commercial treaties with France and Brazil and went on to make generalizations about the great potential for trade with the Levant, India and China.13 Nevertheless he opposed the opposition motion for an inquiry. None of the half-dozen speeches that Disraeli made in the session of 1842 was aimed directly against the government but in most of them there were reservations and hostile asides. He also asked a variety of questions throughout the session on matters of imperial and foreign policy, generally with a critical slant.14 We may conclude therefore that his relationship with the Peel government in its first parliamentary session was one of distant support if not of armed neutrality. Probably the most interesting of Disraeli's letters for 1842 were those he wrote to his sister from Paris, where he and Mary Anne were visiting from late September to late January 1843.15 They were entertained in the top circles of Orleanist Parisian society and met many of the more prominent members of the diplomatic corps. Disraeli also had intimate conversations with Thiers, Guizot and other eminent men in their own homes and in his anteroom in the Hotel de 1'Europe. His most striking success, however, was the intimate friendship he struck up with Louis Philippe himself, who seemed to take a great interest in him and who frequently recalled him to court, on one occasion to meet the Queen and the family circle at St Cloud. Encouraged by the surprising affability of the King, Disraeli addressed a memorandum to him proposing ways of improving the relationship between Britain and France.16 Victoria and her ministers would have been more than surprised had they seen the role that Disraeli was playing in Anglo-French relations. He mapped out a plan in which he seems to have envisaged himself advocating the new policy in parliament, organizing the English press in its support and forming a new party from among the younger Conservatives to put it into effect. Disraeli's plan was not entirely based on fantasy. He was on quite close terms with the editors and proprietors of The Times and The Morning Post and contributed to both papers, but undoubtedly overstated his own influence in that area. Likewise, dissidents in the House of Commons were beginning to listen to him, but his influence there was not yet great enough to carry out the role he proposed. Nothing came of the proposals, but the King retained his confidence in Disraeli. He seemed genuinely to like the younger man and presumably welcomed the spirit in which the proposals had been made. Peris Hansard LXIV cols 891-5, LXV cols 419-27 and LXVI cols 615-28 (which contains most of the points mentioned). For Disraeli's comment on the 1843 speech see 1281 and notes.

14 See Hansard LXIII col 985, question re Indian finance, 30 May; col 1021, question re Burns despatch, 31 May; cols 1047-8, comment re Indian finance, 31 May; cols 1426 and 1490-1, question re Mexican blockade, 10 and 13 June; cols 1585-6, question on Maine boundary, 15 June; LXIV col 1307, comment on Lord Auckland, n July; LXV col 860, comment on China war, 29 July; col 1076, question re Afghan. istan, 5 August. 15 See 1263-1265, 1268-1270, 1272 and 1275. 16 See appendix HI.

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haps they had something in common and it may be that in the younger man the elder saw the same self-confidence and determination that twelve years earlier had brought him to the throne of France. Perhaps the most significant thing that happened during the Disraelis' stay in Paris was a visit from George Smythe and Alexander Baillie Cochrane, who dined with them on 13 October and broached the subject of a Young England party. On n March 1842 Disraeli had told Mary Anne that he was already 'leader of a party chiefly of the youth, & new members.'17 It has been said that this period marks the first use of the term 'Young England' to identify the group of newly elected young aristocrats with whom Disraeli was to become associated. Three, in particular, were to form the core of the group: Lord John Manners (1818-1906), younger son of the Duke of Rutland; Alexander Baillie-Cochrane (1816-1890), son of Admiral Sir Thomas John Cochrane and related to the Earls of Dundonald; and George Smythe (1818-1857), son of Disraeli's friend Lord Strangford.18 We now know that the roots of Young England go back at least to the summer of 1838, when, on a reading trip to the Lake District (and perhaps inspired by the model of The Cambridge Apostles), Manners and Smythe had, as Manners noted in his journal, 'virtually pledged ourselves to attempt to restore, what? I hardly know - but still it is a glorious attempt ... and all, or nearly, the enthusiasm of the young spirits of Britain is with us.'19 Smythe was to be the leader; Manners supported him as 'well qualified' and resolved that the agreement 'Should pledge me to a cause from which I I never may retreat.'20 The name 'Young England' seems indeed to have existed earlier than that summer, possibly suggested by Smythe's revolutionary sympathies, on the analogy of contemporary European movements such as Young Germany and Young Italy. 21 Disraeli's letter of 30 January 1841 also makes it clear that the group existed and that he at least was referring to it by that name before the session of 1842. He tells of the departure of 'a large party of "Young England"' (including Forester, Loftus and Manners) to help Smythe in his canvass for the February by-election in Canterbury.22 Disraeli declined their invitation to join 17 1229. See also 1224. 18 Despite its biases and lack of references the best account of the Young England movement was, until recently, Charles Whibley Lord John Manners and his Friends (1925), but it is now supplemented by Richard Faber Young England (1987), which covers much of the same ground but goes further in developing the background of the movement, in chronicling its parliamentary activities and in sketching the later careers of Manners and his friends. 19 BEA LJMJ 4 August 1838. 20 BEA LJMJ 4 August 1838; and 'Poems', 26 August 1838. 21 Cf Disraeli's notes on figures connected with Young Germany in his Commonplace Book (see appendix v), and his contact with Young Italy through Mariotti and Mazzini (1359). See also Monckton Milnes's 1838 reference to his new dining club - 'Twenty of the most charming men in the universe' - which they will not call 'Young England.' 3 August 1838. Life of Milnes i 231. Stafford O'Brien, in an 1837 note to a letter of Milnes, refers to Milnes as one of the 'Young Englanders,' while C J. Mac. Carthy's reply, on 15 December 1837, categorizes Disraeli as 'of the junge Judenthum, not the young England.' Life of Milnes, I 205-6. Then, too, there is Baillie-Cochrane's later statement that Disraeli 'had nothing to do with the original formation' of Young England but 'after it was fairly started he took his seat on the Young England bench.' Baron Lamington In the Days of the Dandies (1906) 150. See also (VOL in) 1069^. 22 See (appendix i) H26R. Manners in his journal entry for 6 February 1841 gives further details. BE. LJMJ.

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them, but it is interesting that they were already looking to him as one who shared their beliefs. They were, to Disraeli, as yet unknown quantities, but Smythe was elected in February, and again in the general election, together with Cochrane and Manners. They would cheer Disraeli's speeches at the beginning of the 1842 session and he now had the chance to come to know them, both as men and as potential parliamentary allies. The initial belief of the Young England members has often been characterized as a type of unfocused romanticism, springing from a nostalgia for the feudal past with its trappings of mediaevalism, chivalry and an accepted core of religious faith reflected in ritual. Frederick Faber had influenced them, and Manners and Smythe both went to Oxford to hear Newman preach. But, like Disraeli, they were strong opponents of the new Poor Law and of the Whig economists, they were deeply concerned with the condition-of-England question, and, after their election, Manners and Smythe also made a point of visiting industrial Lancashire to see for themselves the conditions under which factory operatives lived and worked. Like Carlyle, in Past and Present, they saw in the mediaeval past an organic concept of society, a chain of coherent responsibility, uniting all classes, and an idealism springing from a common belief in the primacy of moral law. This ostensible romanticism (like Disraeli's) was therefore based not on nostalgia for its own sake, but on a concrete sense of the ways in which these qualities had been lost as part of the price paid for the industrial revolution, and for the extension of the franchise. Their emphasis was not on turning back the clock, but rather the advocacy of a type of moral rearmament to cope with the present and future. On 7 July 1842, Manners noted in his journal that Disraeli had responded positively to the group's overtures, saying that a party of 'even 6 men acting so together' should be formed.23 Meeting in Geneva shortly afterwards, Manners and Smythe discussed the matter further, and by October Manners, despite his own doubts and Frederic Faber's attempts to dissuade them from forming a discrete parliamentary party, determined to be 'guided by Smythe &c -, what they do I will.'24 Smythe was thus designated negotiator. The innocent remark in Disraeli's letter from Paris on 14 October 1842, 'Smythe & Cochrane dined with us yesterday', gives no hint to Sarah that it was at this dinner that matters were crystallized25 and Disraeli, Smythe and Cochrane settled, pending Manners's approval, to 'sit together - and to vote together - the majority deciding'.26 Smythe accepted at face value Disraeli's claim to political influence over other MPS (the Hodgsons, Dick, Henry Hope, John Walter of The Times'), although with commendable foresight he insisted on the individual member's discretion to accept or refuse office. Manners, however, was characteristically more doubtful, seeing a distinct possibility of failure, a lack of identifiable principles (this would haunt public perception of the party through its entire career), and a potential 'hotch-potch: each surrendering his own 23 BEA LJMJ 7 July 1842. 24 BEA LJMJ 4 October 1842. 25 1264. Smythe to Disraeli 14 October 1842 (BEA [2330]) and 20 October 1842 (H B/xxi/s/648). 26 Smythe to Manners, 19 October 1842. BEA.

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[principles] to the majority.' He also reacted sharply against the 'stupid' suggestion of Walter as leader.27 Cochrane too had reservations, connected with his political future and his perceptions of Disraeli, as did C.R. Scott Murray and Smythe's brother-in-law, Henry Baillie, though Baillie would join if there was 'any prospect of serious damage to Peel.' Smythe wrote prophetically to Disraeli, 'I have already christened [our party] the Diz-Union.'28 Despite talk of drawing up a party of forty to sixty, in the end it was just the party of four,29 with occasional moral support and votes from Henry Baillie (1804-1855), Stafford O'Brien (1809-1857), Monckton Milnes, Hope and the eccentric William Busfeild Ferrand (1808-1888), all of whom were closer in age to Disraeli than to the Cambridge trio. There is no evidence to suggest there was any intention of forming a political party to rival the existing ones, and, as we shall see, even the idea of voting as a block passed very quickly. The intention was rather to dramatize the disillusionment felt by some of the new generation of young aristocrats with the old leadership of both parties. They were looking for ways to revitalize politics in a way similar to that in which the Oxford Movement was affecting the Church. Because of this, the Young England movement was not confined only to the period of parliamentary activity of 1842-6 - it went through a series of changes as a continuing force. At the height of Young England's popularity and influence, it is significant that Disraeli and Manners decided to avoid over-exposure of Young England, lest its objectives be misunderstood. For Disraeli, Peel stood for everything that was the antithesis of Young England, and therefore the overthrow of Peel and, he hoped, of Peelism, marked the first major victory of what Youn England stood for.30 Disraeli had already developed his Tory interpretation of history, from his father's Charles I and from his discovery of Bolingbroke and Burke. The political philosophy of the Young England movement and its interpretation of history was basically anti-Whig and anti-Benthamite. They condemned what Disraeli called the Venetian oligarchy created by the Whigs under the early Hanoverian kings. The term was extravagant, but it was a clever satirization of the Whig system based on the political philosophy of Locke. He was also fascinated by Lord Shelburne whom he considered the most under-estimated statesman of the eighteenth century. It was not as a disciple of Adam Smith and a patron of Jeremy Bentham that Shelburne attracted him, but rather as a man of ideas, an opponent of the Whig oligarchy and one unwilling, like Disraeli at this time, to be bound by the trammels of party. Because Shelburne and Pitt had stood out against the Rockingham and Foxite Whigs in support of the King, Disraeli saw them as being in the Tory tradition, although in a contemporary context neither of them would have accepted that name.31 27 Smythe to Manners, 19 October 1842; LJMJ, 21 October, 7 November 1842. BEA 28 Smythe to Disraeli, 20 October, 14 November 1842, H B/xxi/s/648-929 See also Disraeli's list of names apparently connected with Young England in his Commonplace Book (appendix v). 30 See 1499. 31 See i3go&ni. Pitt, indeed, called himself a Whig (Lord Harrowby assured Lord John Russell that Pitt

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Eleven of Disraeli's letters to Manners and none to Smythe or (if there were any) to Cochrane have been found for the years covered by this volume, but a larger number of letters from Manners and Smythe to Disraeli in the Hughenden collection and from Smythe to Manners at Belvoir Castle help to piece together the parliamentary activities of Young England. There is evidence32 that they sat together behind Peel, since they had not yet decided on any clear break with their leader. Lord John Manners wrote in his journal on 18 April 1843: 'Our partie carree is still in existence after many dangers. D'Israeli is a very easy man to get on with, and incomparably clever ...' 33 The Disraelis remained in Paris until late January 1843, and to judge by the letters to Sarah34 the round of balls, dinners and receptions continued to the end, as did Disraeli's frequenting of the court. It is not surprising to find him writing to his sister two weeks after his return: 'All is flat. I see no reason why Parlt. shd have assembled except to vote the supplies.85 Next day, however, he made his first important speech of the session and his mood changed. We have already noted Disraeli's speech of 14 February in a debate on distress in the country. Remembering his conversations with Louis Philippe, he took the opportunity in addressing the House for the first time after his return to deplore the deterioration in Anglo-French relations over the past decade, owing, in French opinion, he asserted, to the want of frankness and goodwill on the part of England, which he blamed by implication on Palmerston.36 On 22 March he supported the government in defending the Treaty of Washington, which settled the long-standing Maine boundary dispute. He made an able and well-researched speech,37 showing impressive familiarity not only with the details of the current dispute and its settlement but also with the original treaty of 1783. He was also knowledgeable about the two controversial maps - the one in Paris supposedly supporting the British case and the map drawn by an English cartographer, Mitchell, and used by Benjamin Franklin, which supported the American claim. He dismissed the importance of the French map too lightly, however, for Lord Ashburton, the British negotiator, later told Croker that he learned too late that this map had been used by Webster, the American secretary of state, to persuade Maine and the United States Senate to accept the treaty. Indeed Ashburton told Croker that had he known of this map at the time he could not have signed the treaty, since it gave the United States more than the map warranted.38 was 'As tenacious as Mr. Fox' of the name of Whig (Conacher Peelites 134-5)), as did most of his original colleagues, but he was not a party man and the Whig opposition came to call him and his followers Tory although they had little connection, except perhaps in their political philosophy, with the Tories of Queen Anne's reign. 32 See for example M&B 11 i77-8&m. 33 BEA LJMJ 18 April 1843. (Whibley 1158-9.) 34 1272, 1275. 351278. 36 Hansard LXVI cols 615-28. As indicated on p xiii above he put special emphasis on improved commercial relations with France. A treaty of commerce between England and France', he claimed, 'would do more for the town of Sheffield than all the Americas.' (Hansard LXVI col 619.) For the maps see I283&m. 37 Hansard LXVII cols 1299-1313. See 1289^5. 38 Croker n 398-9.

xvii

On 25 April 1843 Disraeli again supported the government in his independent way, this time in opposing an opposition free-trade motion. He repeated the arguments he had used before, that British commerce should be promoted by reciprocal trade treaties rather than by unilateral removal of duties, and claimed that to open the English ports without any protection would have very serious consequences, leading to commercial distress and bankruptcies.39 Towards thethe. end of the session, however, he made two all-out attacks on the government that seemed to signal a new departure. In 1843 Daniel O'Connell led his last great campaign for the repeal of the Union supported by the more radical Young Ireland movement. Concerned with the growing agitation in Ireland, the government introduced an Irish Arms Bill requiring the registration of firearms and forbidding the sale of gunpowder and certain weapons. On 9 August Disraeli joined the debate on the third reading of the bill with an all-out assault on Peel's Irish policy. He argued that since the government had done nothing to meet the serious problems facing Ireland the land question, the maintenance of the poor, electoral rights and 'the claims of the rival Churches' - Peel's followers should be free to revert to the original Tory policy of Charles i towards Ireland, which was a more sympathetic one than that of the Whigs. 'Why', he asked, 'should the gentlemen of England, descendants of the Cavaliers, govern Ireland on the principles of the Roundheads?' He said little about the present measure other than that he thought it 'contemptible', and called on the party to frame a policy on true principles 'which would put an end to the state of things that was the bane of England and the opprobrium of Europe.'40 Having said that even to oppose such a 'disgraceful' measure was 'degrading', Disraeli did not wait to vote or to hear Peel's speech, which followed his.41 Finally, on 15 August, Disraeli supported an opposition motion from Palmerston demanding papers on Serbia, a matter about which he had twice asked pointed questions earlier in the session.42 He sharply attacked the government for its failure to oppose what he alleged to be Russian interference in Serbia, wrongly denying that there was any clause in the treaties of Adrianople, Akerman or Bucharest on the subject. He disclaimed any 'fanatical opinions' respecting the designs of Russia, but pointed out that her gradual approach to the Baltic Sound and the Dardanelles, Russia's two exits from the inland seas she dominated, would upset the balance of power. As always, his preference was for Turkey, a country, he said, that was not beyond redemption. He complained that this was virtually the first debate of the year on foreign policy, yet what, he asked, did they have to show in the domestic field? Indeed, he asserted that the government's Eastern policy had made them 'the laughing stock of Europe', and that when the members returned to their constituencies they would be faced with 'dissatisfaction and distress.'43 39 Hansard LXVIII cols 944-51. 40 Hansard LXXI cols 430-8. 41 See i32O&m. 42 Hansard LXVIII cols 859-60 and 1028-9, 24 and 28 April 1843. 43 Hansard LXXI cols 833-9, 841 an5 and i232&nn3-6&8. His son, Richard Seymour-Conway (1800-1870), 4th Marquess of Hertford, a captain in the army, KG 1846, was reported in the press as being expected t. arrive at Dorchester House from Paris on the night of 4 March. MP (2, 4 Mar 1842); Croker H 414-17.

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1220

one "died of putrefaction" - his body was obliged / instantly to be soldered up. News just arrived of the failure of Wigney's bank at Brighton.4 I call'd at Drummonds about your / Mamma's gas - not received. I will write to Wait, if possible by this post - but they say 'tis generally a week coming. Sweet, dear Mary Anne be as / happy as you can. I have attended to all the keys &c &c. but can say nothing now as I am so pressed. Your own loving I & beloved I D

1221

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

Carlton Club [Saturday 5 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/iyy EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by MA'S answer. See ni.

My beloved one, Cn Cb. I 1/2 pt 4 The Consular Motion comes on Tuesday for certain. I am taking every possible care of myself; dined at home quietly yesterday & shall to day, & did not return to the house / last night, for fear of cold & losing my voice. I remained at home this morning until 4 o'ck: then went to Ford - all going on well - & in a day or two I will give you the / necessary intimation of the arrival of the deed: probably on Wedy. morn[in]g. You may sign with[ou]t fear, as the deed will not be valid, until I have signed myself. I will not / leave town until all is finished - but I hope, that by Friday all will be finished, & in that case I shall come down & remain. I have written by this post to the Bristol Gas: Drummonds have / acknowledged the receipt of the £81. I have tried all the keys - right - exc[ep]t the portmanteau - a label but no key attached to it. Ld. Hertford's will / not opened. No news - at least I hear none - but I have only one thought exc[ep]t yourself - the Consular Establishmt. I shall write this / evening to the Times to secure a good report. l Many loves my best & dearest. I am well & will keep so. You are my joy & / life. The post presses me. Thine own I D Call'd at Peel & Knatchbull[.] 4 Messrs Wigney of Brighton suspended payments on 4 March. The Times, MP (5 Mar 1842). This led Isaac Newton Wigney, a member of the firm and Reform MP for Brighton, in April to accept the Chiltern Hundreds. 1 MA replied on 'Sunday': 'I am rejoiced to find that the Consular question will surely come on on Tuesday Your brother has promised to go to Wycombe on Wednesday to tell me what he reads in the papers, I am glad you will try & get it well reported ... Bless you my Darling I shall be delighted to sign any thing you like, & think proper. I only expect a business like speach, but full of information 3 Chickens will reach you tomorrow ...' H A/i/A/4yo. See Gladstone Diaries in i8i&m for a comparable instance of Gladstone writing to The Times.

22

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI Grosvenor Gate, Monday 7 March 1842 1222.. ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/178 COVER: PP I Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I D POSTMARK: (i) In circle: Maltese cross I 7MR7 I 1842 (2) two cancelled one-penny stamps PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B H 126-7, dated 7 March 1842, extracts. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: (cover) Wycomb; Claude; soirees.

My blessed wife, Grosvenor Gate I Monday 1/2 past 3 I received your dear letter this morning. With regard to Ford, everything on Saty. was in complete train, but it was then settled, that I sho[ul]d not call again until Wednesday morning, in order that I might not be disturbed as to the motion - after my interview with him on that, I shall write to you definitely. I have made arrangements that a parcel - containing newspapers shall be sent down to you on Wednesday morning by the High Wycombe Coach, which leaves town at ten o'ck: They shall be directed to you; care of Mr. Westbrook, Lion Inn,1 to beforwarded I immediately. I am very well indeed - my digestion good - a little languor, & yesterday I commenced Ammonia, & feel the better for it - indeed on the whole particularly well. Nothing can be more prudent than my life or diet. I have stayed at the house not a single night, & have lived on excellent roast mutton. I found in the cellar a bottle of claret decantered, & took a fancy to it; it was delicious: but is not yet finished tho' I fear no longer as cool as the first glass. To day I received a letter from Vienna from one of the Consuls; Fonblanque's brother - I suppose he thinks it is not unlikely I may notice him - he is not wrong.2 Yesterday Lord Claude Hamilton call'd / on me, to ask to second my motion. It was just the thing I wanted, as being stepson to Ld. Aberdeen, the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, it gives, as George Smythe says, an official character to the affair. I hear of the motion from many quarters. The Duke of Bucks came up to me, & said, "So you have got a motion on Tuesday? I assented - he meant to be very kind, but I didn't help him on, & he had nothing to say. I feel a calm confidence - my facts are still enriched - & I think I cannot fail of making some impression. Lady De la Warr has call'd; Mrs. Law, with invitations to two soirees at her new house, Hyde Park Gardens. V Wynne call'd on me this morning about the Mayor's brother,4 & tho' I was at 1 Richard Westbrook, of the Lion Inn, High St, High Wycombe. Pigot. 2 Thomas de Grenier de Fonblanque (i790?-i86o), KH 1821, at this time British consul in Serbia, on 23 February had written to D from Vienna to say that he had learned of D'S motion from Galignani, and to refer D to the 1835 parliamentary report recommending against the proposal that the consular branch be severed from the foreign office in order to transfer it to the board of trade. H B/xxi/F/i87. In I"8 speech D did mention de Fonblanque, to illustrate the general lack of qualifi-kjshnkjfhuio. cations and abilities in British consuls. Hansard LXI cols 232-3. 3 Mrs Law was to have an 'assembly' on Saturday, 12 March, and another the next Saturday, at her residence in Hyde Park Terrace. MP (12 Mar 1842). 4 See I2i9&n2.

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1222

home to no one, James had the sense to admit him. He had call'd previously at Tomline's, & asked if he were at home. The servant hesitated, finally took in Wynne's card, & brought out word that Mr. Tomline was not at home. Conceive the rage of Wynne! It is something awful - solemnly severe, & unappeasable - the last visit on Mr. Tomline, he says. I heaped coals on the fire with[ou]t appearing to do so - told Wynne, that I was at home to no one to day & the reason, but there was a standing order always in his exception; asked him to / dinner which he refused, as he was engaged, but very charmed; & finally gave him an order for the House on Tuesday, if in town. He left me as devoted to us, as he was deadly to Tomline. I co[ul]d not help laughing, remembering Tomline's last visit to me5 - the tables fairly turned. Yesterday, after a hard morning's work, I went out for a little air, found Maxse at our door, & walked with him for about an hour in the Park. He was very kind, & I hoped to have got some / small talk for you, as he is a gossip & a lounger - but there is nothing stirring. De Horsey,6 Croker, Hopkinson the Banker, are three of the five executors 7 of Ld. Hertford, but the will is not yet open. My dear, dear wife, I write this in our dear boudoir, after a morning of recitation, & after Breidenbachs first experiment.8 I have ordered the carriage at four, as I want to call at D'Orsays, to find out a fact about Mr. Consul Fonblanque. I shall go there / after the House. If I hear any news at the House, I will scribble a bulletin, before the post leaves. But as I may not, I will now give you my blessing, as well as send you my love, deep & dear. The more we are separated, the more I cling to you - & think only of your unparalleled affection, & charming qualities, which render you, at the same time, the most agreeable of companions & / the most precious of wives. My sweet one is not to be dull, as all, I am sure, will go well & happily for us. 'Tis her approbation & delight for which I am now labouring, & unless I had that stimulus, I don't think I could go on - but to win laurels, & place them at your feet, is an ambition which I wo[ul]d fain gratify. 9 God bless you I D 5 Possibly the visit mentioned in 1206. See further 1238. 6 Spencer Horsey de Horsey (d 1860), Conservative MP for Newcastle-under-Lyme 1837-41. In 1841 Hertford apparently had been willing to spend £4,000 to get a seat in parliament for de Horsey. Gash Politics 132. 7 The will cites Edmund Hopkinson as one of the executors. Hopkinson, Barton & Co, bankers, are listed at 3 Regent St. The remaining two executors were Lord Lowther and Captain Meynell. Robson's Directory; The Times (10 Aug 1842). 8 H. Breidenbach was a specialist in 'Ornamental Hair ... by appointment to her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Duchess of Kent' at 88 Park St, Grosvenor Square. MP (advertisement 7 Mar 1842). M had written on 18 February: 'Let Bradenbach come & dress your hair DO - tell him the way I dress it send for him, to cut it but do not let him cut it, only, DRESS IT / and if he dresses it to formal, you can easily pull it about a little, I do assure you my darling it improves your appearance so much & on Tuesday I shall be anxious also about that.' H A/i/A/474. MA recorded payments to him starting in 1838. H ace. 9 This letter brought a response which MA signed with unusual ardour: 'I am now & ever your devoted Wife your own little slave your darling yr friend sweetheart companion & bedfellow - your own property.' H A/I/A/472.

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TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

House of Commons, Tuesday [8 March 1842]

1223

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/iyg EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the consular motion.

My sweetheart & my wife, H of C. I Tuesday I write a single line to say that I feel very well, & that in a very few minutes the eventful affair will commence. / The remembrance of your love & the joy of being the companion of your life supports me under what after all is a somewhat queer affair / - opening at 5 o'ck:, a question in the H of Commons - all cold & frigid; & faint. After dinner, 'tis ano[the]r affair. But I love you. I D. TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate, Wednesday 9 March 1842 1224

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i8o COVER: P I Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I D I [In MA'S hand:] consol POSTMARK: (i) In circle: Maltese cross I gMag I 1842 (2) two cancelled one-penny stamps PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B H 127-9, dated 9 March 1842, extracts conflated with an extract from 1225 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The signature is blotted. Sic: (cover) Wycomb; set down; McDonald.

My dearest Wife, Grosvenor Gate. Wedy. morng. I 12 o'ck. I am just up, & at once report to you, that the affair last night realized all my hopes - the success was complete & brilliant. I now proceed to particulars: I rose at 5 o'ck. to one of the most disagreeable audiences that ever welcomed a speaker. Everybody seemed to affect not to be aware of my existence, & there was a general buzz & chatter. Nevertheless not losing my head I proceeded with[ou]t hesitation for ten minutes, tho' when I recollected what I had to travel thro', & the vast variety of detail, which I had perspicuously to place before the house, I more than once despaired of accomplishing my purpose. In about ten minutes affairs began / to mend; when a quarter of an hour had elapsed, there was generally an attentive audience; & from that time until near half past seven, when I sat down, having been up about two hours & twenty minutes, I can say with[ou]t the slightest exaggeration, that not only you might have heard a pin fall in the house, but there was not an individual, with[ou]t a single exception who did not listen to every sentence, with the most marked interest, & even excitement. The moment I finished, Peel, giving me a cheer, got up & went to dinner upstairs. The Times Report, with / the exception of the first half column, is a good report.' Many a happy sarcasm & airy turn is lost, but the order of the general statements & correctness of the facts is remarkable. I could not leave the house, or my place, during the debate, but afterwards, of course, I saw a great many people. Henry Baillie, Dicky Hodgson & Lord John Manners, & several others came in turn, & sat by me, after I had set down, to give me the general impression of the house, that it was not only, by a 1 The Times on 9 March began its 5-column report of D'S speech by observing that D 'was very indistinctly heard throughout his statement [because] his voice was so low'. For a discussion of D'S speech see introduction p xi.

25

thousand degrees, the best speech I had ever made, but one of the best that was ever made. The enthusiasm of young Smythe extraordinary; but he & several others particularly mentioned / my manner; perfectly changed & different to what it used to be "exactly as you talk at the Carlton, or at your own table" he sd "particularly my voice, not the least stilted but the elocution distinct, the manner easy, a little nonchalant, & always tinged with sarcasm. ["] Now for the other side - Gibson came to me to say, that they all agreed on their side, that it was the most amusing speech they ever listened to & carried them on completely. Tom Buncombe, that it was one of the best statements he ever heard, & if I had followed it up by a loose indefinite resolution, I might have made a / very strong division2 - but what think you of the mighty Mister Cobden3 coming up to me to offer me his thanks for the great public service I had done &c. I put Palmerston on his mettle. He made one of his usual dashing, reckless speeches, which, men who have been Secretaries of State can venture to do in a scrape & backed by a party - but there was a general feeling on all sides of the house, that he had not succeeded in shaking the minutest detail of one of my facts.4 He spoke with great pains & with as much effort as if he were answering / Peel. I made a most happy reply to his insinuation as to my being disappointed about office or rather his sarcastic hopes that I might obtain it. It appears best in the Morning Post in the first sentence of the reply.5 What I said was literally this. "/ must in the first place return my thanks to the noble Lord for his warm aspirations for my political preferment. Coming from such a quarter, I consider them auspicious. The noble Viscount is a consummate master of the subject, & if to assist my advancement, he will only impart to / me the secret of his own unprecedented rise, & by what means he has continued to enjoy power under seven successive administrations, I shall have at least gained a valuable result by this discussion?' Graham cheered this most vehemently. After the debate congratul[ati]ons came thick. Dudley Stuart embraced me (for mentioning Cracow)6 at Crockfords, & declared, before Chesterfield & a crowd of dandies, that my speech was one of the most effective he had ever listened to. 2 D'S speech had ended with a very explicit motion for measures 'to blend the consular with the diplo matic body.' At the end of the debate D made his reply to Palmerston, and then did 'not trouble the House to divide.' Peel in speaking against the motion had similarly deplored that it was not a motion for inquiry but one that called 'for a declaratory opinion.' Hansard LXI cols 244, 258, 280-1. 3 Richard Cobden (1804-1865); Liberal MP for Stockport 1841-7, West Riding of Yorkshire 1847-57, Rochdale 1859-65; leading member of the Anti-Corn Law League. 4 Palmerston in effect had accused D of being ignorant of his subject and defied D to attack him directly. He had added that he would not deny that there had been diplomatic appointments of people associated with their party, that he was sorry D was an exception to this rule, but that he trusted D'S party would eventually acknowledge his talent by giving him an appointment. Hansard LXI cols 258-77-

5 'Mr. Disraeli said that perhaps he ought to thank the Noble Viscount opposite for his aspirations in his regard.' MP (9 Mar 1842). 6 See I2i4&n2. Cracow was an independent republic 1815-46, when it was annexed to Austria.

26

Even Jemmy McDonald7 told me he heard "I had had a hell of a flare up." I walked from / the house with Henry Baillie, who told me in his cold quiet way "Upon my soul, I am not sure, it was not the best speech I ever heard." But all young England,8 the new members &c., were deeply impressed. Dicky Hodgson sd. I had risen 500 pr ct. Smythe, I had gained eternal laurels, but what is all this to Wakley's summary "I tell you what, if you had made that speech last year, you had been on the Treasury Bench; mark me!" My dear, sweet wife - a 1000 1000 thanks for your dear, delightful letter, that came so sweetly this morn[in]g. Now I must dress & attend to business & after I shall write again. I kiss you sweetest. D/ Mrs. Yale's money paid in. TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

House of Commons [Wednesday 9 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i8i PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B n 129, dated 9 March 1842, the fourth and fifth paragraphs conflated with extracts from 1224 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context and by comparison with 1224. Sic: Fielden; Sydney.

My darling, 2nd. letter I H o f C . I 1/2 pt 5. I wrote to you this morn[in]g. I have nothing to give you but the most gratifying intelligence. It is inconceivable how many persons of both sides & different characters have spoken to me of last night. At the Carlton a most elaborate harangue from the Chin - "a mass of information which struck everybody with astonishment[.]" The melancholy Escott came up to me to show that "he sympathised with my triumph[.]" The Duke of Buckingham] & C[handos] "Well I hear you lashed Palmerston last night." Smythe says that Palmerston / wrote the leading article in the Chronicle1 "Dull, Sir, dull, damme dull" being as Smythe adds "the most amusing speech perhaps that ever was delivered". But a class of men who never spoke to me have come up out of their way in the house. Wm. Fielden a most respectable old gentleman asked permission to express his feelings on the occasion. Gumming Bruce who never spoke to me before told me that in twenty years in Parliament he never knew a statement made with so much finesse - that Palmerston co[ul]d / not literally fasten on a single flaw. Sir R[ichar]d Vyvyan mysteriously took me aside "I congratulate you on your success of last night; it was complete. I observed that you never consulted a single note - a very great demonstration." 7 James William Bosville Macdonald (1810-1882), second son of 3rd Baron Macdonald; captain in the army 1837, general 1881, CB 1885. He was apparently an 'intimate friend' of Lady Bradford. D later described him as having 'sense and courage.' Boase; Zetland i 52, 86; H A/x/AAjo. 8 For an earlier instance of D'S use of this term see (APP i) 1126R. Cf 1229 where D refers to himself as 'leader of a party - chiefly of the youth, & new members.' 1 The second leader in MC of 9 March was devoted to D'S speech, which it described as 'at once gross personal and intolerably dull.' It praised Palmerston's defence and repeated his contention that D was ignorant of his subject. Apparently Palmerston was writing other leaders for MC at this time as well, such as one on 13 January attacking Aberdeen's Spanish policy. Greville v 3. Thus the first leader on 9 March, which is along the same lines, may also have been by Palmerston.

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1225

Ld Canterbury who was writing his letters in the Library & whom I did not notice when I passed by called to me & spoke a long time & earnestly & seriously. He says he wishes that I had consulted him on the motion as he thinks he cd. have framed an Address to the Crown2 for me - ["]but it does not signify / - you have placed yourself on an eminence." But I think what I am going to tell you is the most gratifying & remarkable. Sydney Herbert just now came down to sit by me & said "I don't know whether it is a fair question - but might I ask where you got that mass of extraordinary information which you gave last night" I replied "from study & observation & enquiry" "from no particular source. ["]3 He observed "I think it a most remarkable display: it is thought so[.]" / I am going to dine with the Baillies to day - house of Commons dinner - only Geo: Smythe - & come down afterwards. There are odd rumors that a section of the Tories will declare against Peel tonight - on the second reading of his bill.4 On Friday comes on the Budget - a very important week - but the news from India fills everyone with alarm!5 Ford has arranged everything, & I shall inform you in detail tomorrow. I found the deed engrossed & prepared - but he had been / obliged to go down to Southampton. He returns this evening by the train for certain. I shall see him tomorrow early & after that go to Powles in the City. My dear sweet wife, I wish I had time to write more but now I can only say how I love you & altho' parted for a moment how consolatory it is to write to you & tell you that you are never absent from my thoughts & heart. D/ The D[uche]ss of Bucks call'd & the Guests.

1226

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London, Thursday 10 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i84 COVER: P I Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I D POSTMARK: (i) two cancelled one-penny stamps PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B H 129, dated 10 March 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 1225 and 1228. Sic: (cover) Wycomb; rode; "It; Entres; Claude Hamilton; "but.

My beloved wife, Your charming letter 1 reached me this morn [in] g & I feel very gratified that you 2 Either House, or both together, could present an Address to the Crown on virtually any matter not relating to a bill. However, one could be also made through the Home Secretary, and perhaps Lord Canterbury thought that was a way of bringing the matter to the attention of the government in a less confrontational manner than the one D chose. A. Berriedale Keith The Constitution of England from Queen Victoria to George VI (1940) i, 49; May 266-7. 3 See I23in6. 4 In the debate on Peel's corn-law bill on 9 March only W.S. Blackstone of the government side spoke and voted in favour of postponing the second reading. The division was 284-176 in favour of Peel. Hansard LXI cols 309-39, 405-9. 5 The news of the disastrous British withdrawal from Kabul first reached London on 8 March, with further appalling details the next day and thereafter of casualties in excess of 16,000 troops and followers. The Times, MC (8, 9 Mar 1842). 1 This letter has not been located.

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shd have formed so just a conception of the affair with[ou]t the aid of the inform[ati]on which has since reached you. Indeed / I can truly say, that the success was complete, & that the effect will, I feel, be permanent. Indeed my position in the house is sensibly altered. Last night Lord Eliot said to me "Well you are one of the few who have broken lances / with Palmerston & rode away in triumph." He said it wo[ul]d have made an admirable party motion a year ago, & wd. have thrown the governmt into a minority. He added "I fear the sad news from India will swamp you in the Press - but after / all the House is the thing." He said other things very agreeable. Sir George Rose, late our Ambassador at Berlin2 sent me a message, that he wished to speak to me. He said "I watched you intently - & I said he will fail in only one point, he will / have, neither time nor breath, to develope his plan of alter[ati]on in detail. "It was necessarily so" he added "but on the Consular vote, after Easter he suggests that the detailed plan sho[ul]d be brought forward. He has one in MS. which he drew up for / Canning & which received C's approbation & I am to have it. Entres nous, I had settled with Claude Hamilton that he was to dwell on the alterations in detail. That was to have been his duty, & he forgot it.3 At supper at Crockfords / Hforace] Twiss sitting next to me, between his mighty mouthfuls, at length saturninely turned round, & said suddenly & with[ou]t any preliminary observations, "I am not sure whe[the]r your retort or Palmerston in reply last night was not the completest case of having a man on / the hip that I remember in Parliamt." I dined at H[enry] Baillies sans facon & went to the House afterwards. George Smythe said that Vyvyan sd of Ebrington, who made his debut,4 that he thought well of him from his colloquial tone & ease; ["]the conversational / style the most difficult to sustain of all & that [is] where Disraeli I think is so great a master." But according to George Smythe, it was the first time I had ever attempted it. Now for one or two good things - genuine / for I heard them myself. George Beresford,5 coming into the house, said to Augustus O'Brien,6 who was standing at the Bar "How did Beresford Hope speak?7 He's my cousin." 2 Sir George Henry Rose (1771-1855), Conservative MP for Southampton 1794-1813, Christchurch 1818-32, 1837-44, PC 1818, GCH 1819; he had held various diplomatic appointments and had been British minister in Berlin in 1815. 3 MA on ii March shrewdly responded to this point: 'I do not think Lord Claude forgot, but perhaps you tax'd his abilities too much.' H A/i/A/473. 4 Hugh Fortescue (1818-1905), Viscount Ebrington, after 1861 3rd Earl Fortescue, Liberal MP for Plymouth 1841-52, Marylebone 1854-9, called to the Lords 1859, had made his maiden speech on 9 March in the debate on the second reading of Peel's corn law bill. Hansard LXI cols 304-7. According to The Times (10 Mar 1842), Ebrington had 'delivered his argument in too low a voice to be generally audible.' 5 George de la Poer Beresford (1811-1873), after 1844 and Baronet; a captain in the army; Conservative MP for Athlone 1841-2. His uncle, ist Viscount Beresford, had married secondly his relative Louisa Hope, Beresford Hope's widowed mother. 6 Augustus Stafford O'Brien (1811-1857), after 1847 A.S.O'B. Stafford, cousin once removed of ist Earl of Gainsborough; Conservative MP for Northamptonshire N 1841-57; secretary to the admiralt. 1852. 7 Beresford Hope had spoken in the debate on 8 March on Lord Francis Egerton's amendment to the mar-

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"My dear fellow" sd O'Brien "if he were your / own brother, he could not have spoke worse." Monckton Milnes said to George Smythe with his queer face of solemn deprecation & conceit; speaking of the same oratorical effort, "Why don't you interfere to prevent him speaking Smythe?" / "Why! I don't interfere to prevent you speaking Milnes!" was the retort, & even Milnes impudence was floored.8 I am now going to Ford with whom I have an appointment. By the bye on coming home last night at 3 o'ck: in the morning I found two or / three letters about the Consular Debate - one anonymous, signed Runnymede but not worth sending. Among them the enclosed, & I think you will agree with me, that it would be impossible in the same space to collect & combine tog[ethe]r / so many characteristic specimens of the peculiar folly of the writer. It is matchless & his quack advertisement of his book quite in keeping.9 God bless you sweet wife - tho' separated, I / hope for the last time, I endeavour to keep you au fait to all my feelings & all these details which may interest you in yr solitude. Give my love to yr. mother. I think I told you that Wait / of Gas Lights had written to me & that Drummonds had acknowledged the receipt of her dividend. Dear, dear, wife adieu for only an hour or two for I shall write again before sunset. 1000 kisses I D

1227 TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI [G.S. Ford's office, Thursday] 10 March 1842dgf. ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/iSa EDITORIAL COMMENT: This letter is presumably the one to be delivered to MA by W. Ford. See 1228.

My dearest Mary Anne, Henrietta St Covt Garden I Mar. 10. 1842 Mr. William Ford brings you the deed which I wish you to sign. By this deed the sum of 5OOo£ is advanced to us at the int[eres]t of 5 pr Ct:, & it contains a clause, that at the end of three months Mr. Ford may, if he think proper, also protect himself / by an insurance as we before previously arranged. This is just, proper & regular. You will return the deed signed to Mr. W. Ford, & I will execute it; my signature being necessary to complete the transaction. Your affectionate husband I B DISRAELI riage law. He had argued that the deceased-wife's-sister proposal was the thin end of a wedge leading to the marriage of brothers and sisters; this time, however, he had quoted only Latin. Hansard LXI cols 283-99. See I2i3&nna&7. 8 Milnes had spoken just before Beresford Hope in the same debate, pointing out that the issue was a difficult one on which he had not yet come to a conclusion himself. 9 MA responded: 'The Superlatives letter we were much diverted at his assistance, how much you have lost. Remember & answer his note - 23 Grosr. St. Gror. Place'. H A/i/A/473- 'Tne Superlative' waskjnhbsdk. MA'S former suitor George Beauclerk, author of The Operation of Monopolies on the Production of Food, as Illustrated by the Corn Laws, for which the only Adequate Remedies are Moral Government and Free Trade (1842). His brother had written to MA in the 18305 from 23 Grosvenor Street West. H A/i/A/559, 0/111/0/64.

3°

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London, Thursday] 10 March 1842

1228

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i83 COVER: Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I D. EDITORIAL COMMENT: This is presumably the second letter promised in 1226. Because D would have mailed this letter to arrive at Bradenham before William Ford, the cover which in H is attached to this letter seems more likely to belong to 1227, ^e letter Ford was to carry to MA.

My beloved, 2nd. Letter I March 10.742 I have seen Ford; the interview most satisfactory. Everything attended to, & in full train. His son, Mr. William Ford, will call at Bradenham tomorrow with the deed for you to sign, & which, when signed, you will be pleased to entrust to him. It is impossible that business can be better / attended to, & I hope in the course of a very, very, few days, that every thing will be finished. I have given Wm. Ford a note to you, in case by any chance, this were to miscarry. Your own love I D TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London, Friday n March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i85 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B n 130, dated n March 1842, extracts from the fifth paragraph EDITORIAL COMMENT: The salutation ends with a slip of the pen that makes the word look like 'Wifey'. Dating: by Peel's presentation of the budget on n March 1842. Sic: Affghanistan; champaigne.

My dearest Wife, 1/2 past 4 I fear my bulletin will be slight to day, as I have just come out & as Peel commences his all-important statement at 5. I doubt whe[the]r I shall be able to collect any intelligence. I placed / yr. dear violets emblems of your own innocence & delicacy near my heart & there they shall remain. Scrope spoke to me of "my long & able statement" yesterday. But the deep gloom / & mortification that pervade all classes & circles about India is the feature of the day. I already find myself with[ou]t effort the leader of a party - chiefly of the youth, & / new members.' Ld. John Manners came to me about a motion which he wanted me to bring forward & he would "second it like Claud Hamilton." Henry Baillie the same about Affghanistan.2 I find my position changed. / The on ditlpksjfopkjd is a property tax & a message from the Crown to night for a large increase of 1 See I224&n8 and introduction p xivff. For the more wary view of D taken by the 'y°uth' see Blake 174-5 and Bradford 122-7. On 7 Juty ^42 Lord John Manners was to note: 'D'Israeli wishes us to form a party, with certain general principles, not to interfere with acceptance of office: he says even 6 men acting so together would have great weight. I think a good deal about our present, and possible future state; perhaps there never was a house of Commons in which there was so much young talent, frittered away.' BEA LJMJ; Whibley i 142. Later in 1842 George Smythe was to write several letters to D in Paris on strategies for forming Young England and for enrolling new members. In them he also urges D to write something. H B/xxi/sA^S-g. 2 On 23 June D was to second Baillie's motion for papers regarding the expedition to Afghanistan. Hansard LXIV cols 435-537.

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1229

the army. 3The political & parliamy. excitement is great. I shall not be able to get down tomorrow - business wo[ul]d / prevent me, & I fear that if I come down on Sunday, I must be in town again immediately. I am perplexed, & tho' not sad, for I feel I have at last achieved something, my heart yearns for / Polsy. I have an appointmt with Ford tomorrow at 1/2 pt 2 when I hope & believe all arrangemts will be virtually concluded. I have another motion on the Spanish American Affair4 thro' / Powles which I think will make a greater sensation even than the Consuls - but I have not given notice, in consequence of the Indian excitement. The Blessingtons have asked me to dine there every day. I did yesterday. / Pembroke brought me home. I rather like him. He told me he wished to have the honor of knowing you - had met you at dinner, but you did not know him. Odd rumors about Ld / Hertfords will. He has left 80,000 a year landed prop[ert]y & three millions personal - but they say the new Marquis is disinherited as much as possible. Croker 4o,ooo£, but as yet all rumors. 5 My dear, dear wife, I love you with all my heart & soul. Thine own I D Ld Hertfords characteristic death. The ruling passion; Pope cd. do it justice. He went to Richmond to give a dinner to three French Women, Camille, Flore & another. They got so tipsy with / champaigne, that they were sick coming home & wd. have all the windows open, & the Marquis caught a cold & died.6 Geo: Wfombwell?] says "Do you know - they say he saw the Devil before he died. He jumped up, I understand, & gave a hell of a stare in the corner of the room" 3 The budget brought forth on the night of n March 1842 proposed a temporary (3-year) income tax, except in Ireland, of almost 3 % on all income over £150 (including that derived from property), a duty on the export of coal, and a schedule of reduced tariffs for most commercial goods. The budget was preceded by a question on the crisis in India, to which Peel replied that he was 'determined to spare no sacrifice in order to maintain their Indian empire.' Hansard LXI cols 421-90. 4 D was to ask questions in the House on 10 and 13 June 1842 about the blockade of Mexico by Texas. Hansard LXIII cols 1426, 1490. See I247&m. 5 Although there were many court actions and published rumours at this time about Lord Hertford's will, it seems Croker eventually received between £19,000 and £25,000, plus Hertford's stock of wine (valued variously at £10,000 and £500), having devoted much time from 1830-42 to managing Hertford's estates without pay. With the exception of several large and scandalous bequests, the bulk of the estate passed to the new Marquess. The Age (27 Mar 1842); MP (20, 30 Mar 1842); Croker n 413-19. 6 See i22O&n3- Greville (v 19-21) tells the same story at greater length, and draws the same moral. He tells of Lord Hertford's 'habit of travelling about with a company of prostitutes' and having, on the fateful night, 'posted with his seraglio down to Richmond ... [where he] drank a quantity of champagne, came back chilled and exhausted ... and in ten days he died ... surrounded to the last by a venal harem, who pandered to the disgusting exigencies lassatae sed nondum satiatae libidinisl At the trial of Hertford's valet (see 1232^), evidence was given by two French women who had been with Hertford on the night of his death: Angelina Borel, aged 24, who had lived with Hertford since the age of 16 and whom Hertford left £3,000 for an annuity, and Clara Josephine Dubois. They also mentioned a third woman, named 'Henriette'. The Times (10, 25 Aug 1842). The Satirist of 5 June reported that Hertford had died in the arms of a 'Madame D'Ambre', and on 25 December 1842 reported on affidavits (sworn on 2 December) made by some of Hertford's other ladies: principally, the affidavit of Flora Petit James, of 33 Trevor Square, Knightsbridge, who said she had visited Hertford at Dorchester House from December 1841 to March 1842, that she lived with Henrietta D'Ambre in lodgings provided by Hertford and D'Ambre, that Hertford allowed D'Ambre £60 a fort-

32

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London] Saturday [12 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i86 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B n 130, dated 12 March 1842, an extract from the fourth paragraph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 1229. S*c: have began; De Horsey's; Steel.lksjfkjddskj.

My beloved, Saturday 1/2 pt 4 I have began you three letters to day & have thrice destroyed them, so difficult it is to fix on definite plans; with so many contrary circumstances, tho' I have only one feeling, which is to be with my beloved wife. I had resolved to have come down to you to day & deliberated as to the future - but I was disappointed in my appointment / with Ford which I had proposed for 1/2 pt 2 today but which, from his absence at Brighton, was obliged to be postponed until five o'ck: to day & which leaves no time for finishing the details - & they must now be postponed until Monday morn [in] g. As I can bear no longer this separation, I have now resolved to come down by train on Monday, provided / my darling does not send me, by return of post, any contrary suggestions. I think I co[ul]d stay at Bradenham for about the next three weeks, with (perhaps) one trip to London for a vote. On the other hand, I await your wishes as to the Deepdene, in the event of your mind turning that way. But be governed only by your own convictions as to what will conduce / most to your own happiness or serenity - only, what [eve] r you decide, we must no longer be separated, & shall not. l I now go to Ford. I have written to Exmouth & told him what he knew before, what a dear & devoted wife was my happy & hallowed lot. I am wonderfully well, & in good pluck. Letters on the Consular business every day - Peel alluded to the subject2 in the House last night - & / many suggestions as to future motions. But at present the Budget engrosses all minds & I was very fortunate in having gained my opportunity. The Income Tax, or rather the Property & Income Tax, is a thunderbolt - but Peel can do anything at this moment, I heard Horace Twiss just now say to Dick "I wish I / had the tax to pay on yr. income Dick." Dick looked like a stale lemon or a red herring. Croker has only got 4000 instead of 40000.3 night, and, from this, Flora received £20. She further stated that she, Henrietta and 'another female, who was accustomed to visit the said Marquis in company with this deponent,' had gone with Hertford to the Castle Hotel, Richmond, to dine, 'in the month of February last.' According to another affidavit, the 'other female' was the daughter of Flora James. On Hertford's behalf, his valet had paid the three for the month of February a total of £240. Cf Flora 'La Petite' in Coningsby bk vi ch i. 1 MA replied the next day that her mother's condition was improved but that she could not decide abou Deepdene until they met. In the event the DS spent the week preceding 4 April there. H A/i/A/475 o/vi/A/32; MP (4 Apr 1842). See i233&m. 2 No mention of Peel's reference has been found in the long reports of his speech of n March. 3 See I229&n5- MA in her letter the next day reported: 'Your papa is charmed with Crokers LEGASY.' She also responded to most of D'S other points after first reassuring him: 'Nothing can exceed the kind ness & attention of all to me ... I think Sir R Peel's taxes are very just, I have not yet read his

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1230

The De Horsey's quite cut out. Lady Louisa only a ring & De Horsey 3000 when he expected 300,ooo. 4 I / hear that everything is left to his son, except a few legacies - but one a peculiar one ioo,ooo£ to a Mrs. Steel.5 Everybody is asking who is Mrs. Steel? You can easily conceive. Dear, dear wife farewell for a brief time 1000 / loves & thanks & blessings for all yr. goodness. Write by return & say whe[the]r as I propose I shall come to you - or you to me or what. 6 Love Love I D I go now to Ford.

1231

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London] Sunday [13 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i88 COVER: PP I Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I D. I [Endorsed in MAS hand:} March 1842 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B H 130, dated 13 March 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: The signature is followed by a line across the page before the text continues. Dating: MS endorsed in MA'S hand: 'March 1842'; and by context. See nni&4_ Sic: checques; Mathieson.

My best beloved, Sunday. 5 o'ck I cannot, with the greatest possible exertions, after having been twice to Ford yesterday & again this morning, I cannot get an appointment for final settlement, until Tuesday at 12 o'ck: - there are so many diff[eren]t instruments to be drawn up, & solicitors for different parties, who must peruse them. After the settlement, I shall come down by / the first train I can get & scramble over in a fly. I say this, supposing that your letter tomorrow morning make no contrary suggestion - but if it says that you are coming up, or throws out any other plan, I shall regulate myself entirely by it. I am not particularly anxious to be in town at this moment, political affairs are very confused; & Vyvyan, since the / consular speech always "whispering in my ear." - Yesterday he came with a formal propos[iti]on; vizt. to oppose the further progress of the speech of 4 hours length, the times say. The consular question will bring you triumphs for a long time in various ways. I am glad Sir R Peel mentiond it. I have call'd James beautiful new cow[.p] The Consul ... To speak like conversation is perfection in some cases, but not the privilage question, at a grand Conservative dinner, &c. But on the Consols it must have been the perfect style & only one.' H A/I/A/4754 Spencer Horsey de Horsey in 1824 nac! married Lady Louisa Maria Judith Rous (d 1843), youngest daughter of ist Earl of Stradbroke. De Horsey had been appointed executor in the same codicil in which Peel's legacy and appointment as executor were revoked. In this codicil de Horsey was left £3,000 '"for his trouble"'. The Times (10 Aug 1842). He inherited £8,500 according to a list of legacies published in The Age on 27 March 1842, or £3,500 according to the MP of 30 March 1842. 5 The first codicil of those published in The Times on 10 August 1842 bequeathed '"50o£ a year to Anne Sessons (passing at Aldborough as Anne Steele) ... [and] my diamond badge of the Order of St. Anne of Russia."' This amount was raised in a later codicil to £1,000 a year, and a still later one left £5,000 to "Anne Sessons, calling herself Spencer"'. Other codicils mentioned the additional alias of Sheldon. She was also left a picture (to be destroyed), plate, and French and U.S. funds in a packet, all of which the executors were unable to find. According to Greville's editors (v 2im), Lady Strachan's maid, who was also one of Lord Hertford's old mistresses, was a Mrs Spencer, to whom Hertford left £5,000 and £1,000 a year. See further !232&n56 MA responded: 'If possible be here for a day or two, as your presence would be some reward for all the kindness they show me and I do not feel strong enough to come to town by myself or rather I am too nervious - every thing makes me cry.' H A/i/A/475-

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Corn Bill tomorrow in consequence of Peels financial statement.l He intends to do it himself & begged me to speak - "in the same tone, exactly the same tone as the other night, that's the thing. You have got the ear of the House." I declined / interfering, said I hated speaking &c. &c. must watch events &c. But as old Talleyrand,2 when he did not clearly see his way, always took to his bed, so I think it wo[ul]d be as well for me if, in consequence of a cause, which thank God no longer exists, domestic anxiety were to take me into the country rather suddenly - & so not go down to the House tomorrow. I send this by the Wycombe / coach & I hope you will have it in time to save you any anxiety about my non-appearance. Tomorrow morning I go to Powles, but with[ou]t an appointment. All Saturday was fruitlessly wasted. I dined at home, & began very much to pine after Polsy. And am not particularly bright to day. I do not find that custom at all habituates me to domestic loneliness. / I have agreed to dine at Gore House to day, Lady B[lessington] having asked me every day. But I dislike going there, D'Orsay being in high spirits, quite unchanged, but Lady B. very altered - silent, subdued, & broken. She told me another year wd. kill her, & complained bitterly that after having fought against so much prejudice, & made a sort of position, with her two nieces about her, & not owing a shilling in / the world, she is perhaps to see it all shattered & scattered to the winds. I think it is horrid. But perhaps it may end better than she anticipates.3 Pembroke always there. I send you my beloved a book of checques. Draw one for io£ or ao£ to Mr. Disraeli, but not "or bearer" & I shall receive it by post, with[ou]t risk - & in time to bring you down some money. I can pay Mathieson & Byron tomorrow.4 Dear, / dear Mary Anne, may we never again be separated. Blissful will be the hour, that presses you to the heart of your devoted husband D. Mrs. Goulburn call'd - Downing St.5 James said to her, as to all, that you were out of town, & why. 1 See i22Q&n3. On Monday 14 March the House in committee debated Peel's corn law bill, finally deciding by 89-64 'that the Chairman do report progress'. Neither D nor Vyvyan either spoke or voted. Hansard LXI cols 519-82. 2 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord (1754-1838), Prince of Benevento, the famous French statesman who before his retirement in 1834 had been ambassador to London. 3 From about 1841 Lady Blessington's credit and spirits were brought low by D'Orsay's debts. In fact, matters did not end 'better' but led to exile in 1849. Michael Sadleir Strange Life of Lady Blessington (1933; New York ed 1947) 233-4, 281-5. D'Orsay however continued to entertain his friends; for example, his undated invitation for D to meet Dwarkanauth Tagore 'who has an adoration for you'. It cannot have been for this occasion, however, but must have been for a time in the late summer of 1842. See Dickens Letters in 304-5 (5 Aug 1842). 4 MA had written on n March: 'Let me know what money is wanting, as you must pay Matison & please to give Byron fifteen pounds on account & let him give a Rect. Must I send you a check, or how is it safe, or shall I write to Drummond to pay so much to yr account so say how much.' On 14 March she wrote again, enclosing a 'check' for £20: 'I do not want money here.' H A/i/A/473,476. On 17 March D recorded in MA'S cash-book a payment of £10.153 to 'Mathison', and on 4 April MA recorded a payment of £17.4.6 to Byron for 2 suits of livery and other items. H ace. There is in H a bill signed 'A. Mathison' dated 16 July 1841, due 19 October, for £293.6.0. It is endorsed as having been paid on 24 March 1842 by Ford, with £7.12.8 interest. A. Mathieson, a tailor, is listed at 3 Princes St, Hanover Square, and John Byron, also a tailor, at 15 High Rd, Knightsbridge. Robson's Directory. 5 Presumably Mrs Goulburn had left a card with the Goulburns' new address, n Downing Street, the official residence of the chancellor of the exchequer.

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You must bear in mind, that the paper I send is a Radical Paper & ever hostile to me - but it is the only weekly paper of authority & intellect. See the leading article & also the Debates.6

1232

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London] Monday [14 March 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/iSg COVER: P. I Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I D. [Endorsed in MA'S hand:} March 1842 POSTMARK: (i) -R- I 184- (2) cancelled one-penny stamp PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B n 130-1, dated 14 March 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: MS endorsed in MA'S hand: 'March 1842'; and by comparison with 1231 Sic: (cover) Wycomb; Cannizarro; De Novo; Strahan.

My sweet wife, Monday I received your dear letter this morning - & hope soon to press you to my arms, never again to lose you. I sent you a despatch pr Coach this morning, which I hope, has, ere this, reach'd you. I still hope, & believe, that I shall be with you tomorrow in time for dinner, but in case I do not / appear you will ascribe my non-appearance to business, & not to illness, for I never was better. I am sure when we are once more tog[ethe]r you will soon feel well, & we will change the scene or do anything you like, for with you all will be agreeable. I have been with Powles / this morning, whom I fortunately found at home. I dined yesterday with Lady B[lessington] but D'Orsay dined out at Captain Rous.' I rather feared a lugubrious banquet, but Pembroke brought a welcome, tho' uninvited, guest in Dr. Quin, & we had on the whole, a rather merry dinner. Quin / told me that the D[uche]ss of Cannizarro had spent her whole fortune, & had she lived another year, she wd. have died insolvent. One of her executors is a friend of his: in a list of monies given which, notwithstanding her habits, she kept most exactly, it appears that De Novo received from her 18000 in cash besides / endless presents. 2 Fancourt's name "my little Fan" as she call'd him, down for £5000. Hertfords will is still the subject of endless tales. It appears now that by a codicil, revoking former legacies to them, he left 25000 apiece to his valet & Croker.3 This is a fact. 6 The Spectator of 12 March 1842, on its front page, had praised D'S 'searching scrutiny' in 'a showy speech, bristling with curiously-collected details.' It found faults ('Mr. Disraeli failed to evince a complete mastery of his subject') and showed enjoyment of Palmerston's reply, but it concluded that D had 'given a telling hint to the public, that our Consular establishment is a tissue of confusion, disorder, and inefficiency.' In its separate report on the debates it devoted over a column to D'S speech, with generous quotations. The Spectator's approval is consistent with its criticism of the consular system in an earlier article, 'British Consuls', on 20 November 1841 (reprinted in Galignani on 24 November, where D in France might well have read it). MP (16 Feb 1842). 1 Henry John Rous (1795-1877), second son of ist Earl of Stradbroke; Conservative MP for Westminster 1841-6; captain 1823, lord of the admiralty 1846, admiral 1863. He was also well known as a sportsman. 2 See (VOL HI) 88a&n2. The Duchess of Cannizzaro had died in January 1841. 3 For the legacies to Croker see i22Q&n5 and i23O&n3- Lord Hertford's valet, Nicholas Suisse, was named six times in the published codicils, the bequests totalling £18,600. On 24 and 26 August 1842 Suisse was tried and acquitted on charges brought by the executors of embezzling about £100,000 of

36

He had left his star / of the order of the Garter in costly brilliants, with a long panegyric to Peel, as the saviour of his country & all that, & the legacy was afterwards revoked.41 suppose his ghost smelt the Income Tax. Mrs. Steel was Lady Strahan's maid. He has left her his / Birmingham estat sd. to be gooof pr ann: originally left to George Seymour but Lady Seymour wd. not visit Lady Strahan, & so they were cut out. 5 This is hard, as the Zichy has 150,000 because she saved Hertford from being poisoned by her mother6 - another / story is, direct from Johnny Burke7 who had just left Hertford the new Marquis, that he believes all the personal property was in the American Funds, & is valueless.8 The new Lord cut off his mustachios on his accession saying "There never was a Marquis of Hertford with mustachios." I am summoned - My darling for a little while, farewell. D Hertford's French stocks. At the trial, one of the other servants gave evidence that Suisse was effectively Hertford's steward, and that the Marquess had been very attached and generous to him, since Suisse managed the 'delicate affairs' attending the Marquess's habit of 'having females at his residences'. The Times (10, 25, 27 Aug 1842). 4 Peel, whose friendship with Lord Hertford had been at its height in the 18205, had apparently raised some eyebrows by sending his carriage to the Marquess's funeral. Norman Gash Mr. Secretary Peel (1961) 263-4; Greville v igni. The second codicil of those published in The Times on 10 August 1842 had left £50,000 to Peel to be '"laid out for the benefit of Lady Dillon Strachan,"' and included a letter to Peel: '"... of course you will do it with such precautions of secrecy as may prevent unfounded and illnatured remarks on this act of friendship and respect. God bless you, &c."' The legacy was revoked in a later codicil: there was no mention of 'a long panegyric'. The third codicil left Peel Hertford's 'diamond star of George and Garter, "convinced that he will soon be entitled to wear them; or, if he would rather, to be laid out to purchase something for Lady Peel, to keep in remembrance of an old friend."' 5 Sir Richard Strachan in 1812 had married Louisa Dillon (d 1868). After his death in 1828, she married secondly one Picalillo, an Italian, and went to live in Naples where she was created Marchesa di Salza. Greville v ign2. Codicil seven of Lord Hertford's will revoked the bequest of his property '"in and about Birmingham to Captain G. Seymour R.N., or to his sons'", and gave it to '"Anne Sessons, alias Spenser, alias Sheldon, finding my relations only likely to plague me."' The will stipulated that the property's interest be invested to yield an annual sum of £1,000. Codicil 17 reduced the bequest to Lady Strachan because she had formed a connection displeasing to Lord Hertford. The Times (10 Aug 1842). Lord Hertford's cousin Sir George Francis Seymour (1787-1870), fifth son of ist Marquess of Hertford, KCH 1831, GCH 1834, lord of the admiralty 1841, KCB 1852, GCB 1860, admiral of the fleet 1866, in 1811 had married Georgiana Mary Berkeley (b 1793), daughter of Adm Sir George Cranfield Berkeley. Their eldest son was to be 5th Marquess of Hertford. 6 Count Emanuel Zichy, Metternich's brother-in-law, in 1837 had married Charlotte Strachan. According to Greville's editors (v ign2), Hertford had virtually adopted the three Strachan girls and had left Charlotte £86,000, Matilde, Countess Berchtold, £80,000, and Louisa, Princess Ruffo, £40,000. The Times of 10 August 1842, in explaining that it could not publish the whole will, cited an example that may be a reference to this story: 'In one case, for instance, the Marquis, speaking of two persons, says, "Aware of the infamy of the character of one of them, he wishes the other to be as little in the power of that person as possible, and regulates certain payments in order that the one person may have no occasion to shorten the life of the other."' 7 Sir John Burke (1782-1847), and Baronet; MP for Galway Co 1830-2; colonel g8th Foot. 8 According to the report of 17 Feb 1842 by a select committee to the U.S. House of Representatives, the precarious state of U.S. currency was due to the widespread inability of banks to pay cash for their bills, 'a large part of them having failed to make any effective redemption for the space of more than four years. Their bills are irredeemable paper currency.' MC (n Mar 1842). In any case, the executors were unable to find the parcels described in a codicil as containing 20,ooof. and $50,000 in Louisiana bonds. The Times (10 Aug 1842). According to Raikesyowrna/1 50, Hertford had lost £3-400,000 in the previous decade 'by his investments in American stock.'

37

233 TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

J

House of Commons [Tuesday] 15 March [1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/i87 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B n 131, dated 15 March 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: MS endorsed in MA'S hand : '1842'. The final page, otherwise blank, reads 'temper, that I was'. This is obviously a false start on page 13 of the letter, with the catchword 'temper' repeated. Sic: faulter; are making by; queeer.

My incomparable Mary Anne, PP I H of C. I Mar: 15 Hope has just been with me about our visit to the Deepdene; & - I hope you will not scold me - I have agreed to be his guests - for I consider now, thank / God - that your dear mother is entirely out of danger - & I think a little change of scene under such circumstances would be of the greatest benefit to you, &, on the whole, most desirable / & expedient. However, if it suits our convenience or our feeling, we can always send an excuse. Only he asked us with extraordinary kindness, & I thought it best under all the circumstances, not to / refuse, or leave it indefinite. In that case you can return with me after a few days, two or three at Bradenham & about Good Friday or Easter Monday, we will go down to Deepdene. l Yesterday evening about / eight, I received a note from Ford, putting off the settlement until tomorrow (Wednesday) morning. I assure you it drew tears from my eyes - & all I hope is it may not from my darlings. Had I known this, I could have / come down to you last Saturday & been in town on Tuesday eve[nin]g. However it will not do to faulter now - I must stick to it, till all is finished. I think on Wednesday 'tis certain - but as on Wednesday night the Copyright / Question comes on,2 respecting which I ought to vote, tho' I did not intend, I shall come down by the earliest train on Thursday morning. Great exertions are making by the literary members to carry the Bill. I have been asked / by Lord Mahon to speak, but shall not. I wd. have sacrificed even the vote, had it kept me from my darling for some days, but as it will only keep me from her, now, for some hours, & my father is really interested in the question, I think / you will approve of my resolution. Well then on Thursday for certain, I shall be with my beloved - & in the meantime she is to gratify me, by trying to be as serene as she can, & to bear all this bitter separation like a martyr, but also / like an angel. I assure you, many is the lonely moment & pensive hour that are my lot. I cannot, for the life of me, find any amusement, ex[cep]t among books & papers - tho' my friends are hospitable eno'. Dick has / again ask'd me, but I declined. I trust this is our last separation - indeed I believe it - & it has only brought us to love each other, if possible, more & more. Will you believe it? Dr. Bowring has just / been to ask me what I think of the Quarantine question, & whether I will speak on his motion to night & support 1 See I23om. In 1842 Good Friday fell on 25 March. 2 On Wednesday 16 March 1842 the House, on Lord Mahon's motion, gave second reading to the Copyright Bill after a very brief discussion and no division. Hansard LXI cols 694-5.

38

him, if I approve of it. 3 I know nothing of the question, & don't mean to stay at the House but I told him, touch'd by his impert[urb]able good-temper, / that I was entirely of his opinion on the subject - & paid him a gen[era]l complimt. On Sunday I call'd at the Scropes, Lady Caroline, Mrs. Dawson - all out. I dined at Lady Blessington's yesterday - Pembroke brought me home - told me he thought / Miss Power the most superior woman in mind, morale, & manner, he ever was acquainted with - & a great deal more4 - all of which I will tell you when we meet. I kept from the house, because Vyvyan, as I was informed, was / going to attack Peel, & oppose the progress of the Corn Bill. He was in the House armed with many papers - but the spirit did not move him. I believe there is to be a grand row on Friday5 - but I shall steal off the morning / before, & all the better, as affairs political are very queeer. My sweet wife - (I duly received your note & enclosure, this morning) I kiss you with many kisses. This morning & yesterday at breakfast, I placed the bouquet of violets on my table - / (you know how fond I am of flowers on my breakfast table) & fancied it was a very apt representative of yourself.6 By the bye, will you ask Sa whether a Parliamentary Report of / the Evidence on the British Museum before a Committee7 is not in the Bradenham Library. I want to look it over, & it will save me bringing it down. Every morning, I have / kept a sort of Diary of affairs & thoughts in French, which I write now with great ease & some elegance.8 Sweet one farewell! I Thine own I D TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[London, Wednesday] 16 March 1842

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/ig2 COVER: Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb. I D. I [Endorsed in MA'S hand:] 1841 POSTMARK: (i) In Maltese cross: [illegible] I i6MRi6 I 1842 (2) cancelled one-penny stamp EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: (cover) Wycomb.

3 On Tuesday 15 March 1842 Dr Bowring moved a resolution for inquiries into the efficacy of the quarantine system. The issues were the commercial and political implications of a quarantine system that was not universal, at a time when, according to Dr Bowring, the infectiousness of the plague was in serious doubt. The House agreed to forward the motion as an address to the crown. Hansard LXI cols 608-18. 4 Pembroke's attitude to Miss Power later changed, due to his jealousy of 'two young gentlemen.' On 24 October 1842, D'Orsay wrote to D in Paris asking him to approach Pembroke 'officially' and request him to stop spreading lies about Miss Power, 'because I will shake him like a dog.' H B/XXI/D/307.

5 The debate on Peel's Income Tax resumed on Friday 18 March and it did not come to a division until 23 March, when an attempt to stall it was defeated 290-87, D voting with the majority. Hansard LXI cols 839-929, 1212-15. 6 MA had written on 13 March: 'put a few of the violets on yr dear Bed - the rest for a bouquet I kiss them & you 1000 times.' H A/i/A/4757 In April 1841 the House had established a committee to inquire into the state of the national monuments and works of art in various public institutions. The British Museum had been the first to be investigated. The principal concern had been the effect of an experimental opening of the Museum to the public (including children over eight years) on the annual holy days, and the results according to evidence gathered were deemed by the committee to have been very satisfactory. This led the committee to recommend that the Museum be open four days a week instead of three, but they were silent on the issue of Sunday openings. The Times (15 Oct 1841); British Parliamentary Papers: Reports of Select Committee 1801-52 1841 (416) vi 437. 8 Fortunately, for the credulous, this diary does not appear to have survived.

39

1234

My beloved, A brief letter - but then tomorrow we meet. I shall get off as early as I can, but I fear not by the 12 o'ck: train. A levee to day - very full1 - I was not / there, thank God. Frail call'd from Shrewsbury. He asked Tomline "what he thought of his colleagues" answer "Very able - generally thought so." I have just finished at Fords. V I miss'd my darling's dear letter this morn [in] g - tho' I was prepared for the disappointment.3 I shall soon embrace you. Your loving husband I D J

235

TO: [THOMAS CHAPMAN?] ORIGINAL: ILLU [7]

Carlton Club [Wednesday] 16 March 1842

PUBLICATION HISTORY: Meynell ii 291-2, dated 16 March 1842

My dear Sir, Carlton Cb I Mar: 16/42 The hopeless illness of Mrs. Disraeli's mother has prevented me from being a continuous week in London since my return to England; but I have not neglected your affairs. I / was not aware that you held any presentable bills, & was under the misapprehension, that your documents were promissory notes. It was my wish, that Mr Lovell sh[o]uld have communicated with you1 before they became / due but I never cd. succeed in seeing him - I call'd on him three times yesterday - & succeeded in seeing him very late. He promised, if possible, to communicate with you that evening. As I am now going out of town, I shall not be able to see him again, / but I cannot doubt that, after what occurred yesterday, he has by this time written to you - & I trust satisfactorily. Yours sincerely I D. 1 The Queen had held a levee in the afternoon of 16 March at St James's Palace. The list of guests fills 4 1/2 columns. MP (17 Mar 1842). 2 This was the day on which D and Ford drew up an indenture assigning to Ford all the household effects of Grosvenor Gate for a debt of £1,400 plus 5% interest which had fallen due on 30 January 1842, for another debt of £871 drawn on 9 December 1841 by D'Orsay and due 12 March 1842, and for a further advance to D on 5 March 1842 of £600. In return Ford gave D another month to pay the debts. Attached to the document is a i5-page schedule of all the contents of the house, endorsed by 'Wm Wheeler' to record that one chair was delivered as token of the assignment. H A/v/D/2. See app x. See also introduction to VOL in (p xxix&ng3). Under the marriage settlement (see (VOL i gSrjni) MA'S personal property remained her own, and it is unclear whether she knew of D'S actions in assigning her household effects to Ford. Ford may have interpreted MA'S letter of 15 February as a full power of attorney to D. See izi6&ni. 3 MA had written a brief note on 14 March: 'I shall expect you tomorrow, unless you have again failed to regulate your affairs with Ford.' H A/I/A/476. 1 The recipient of this letter is probably Thomas Chapman (see I246&m). William Lovell (of Lovell and Halliwell), a solicitor at 4 Great Ryder Street, St James's, Westminster, was at this time D'S creditor as well as financial agent. See 1240™. Law List (1845). There is in H later correspondence from him. The earliest of these letters is dated 28 July 1845. H A/v/c/rfte. Lovell wasojka to be one of the witnesses to sign Isaac's 1847 w^- H G/v/

40

TO: ELEANOR YATE

[London, Thursday] 24 March 1842

ORIGINAL: H D/i/B/i2a COVER: Mrs. Yate I Bradenham I High Wycomb. I D. POSTMARK: (i) In circle: MR - 24 I 1842 (2) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:] MR25 I 1842 (3) stamp has been cut out (4) [illegible] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: (cover) Wycomb.

1236

My dear Mrs. Yate, I enclose you a receipt to sign for the dividend on yr. Canal shares; & an order from Mrs Sloper for the half-year of your Brock St. House Rent, at the back of which you must put yr. name, where I have pencilled it.* If you will then return them to us, I will do all that is necessary, & pay the money into yr. acct. at Drummonds. Let me have them if convenient by return of post. I / am very happy to hear you are so much better. We shall soon meet again; & in the meantime, I will take very great care of our dear Mary Anne. Mary Anne was with Mrs. Semper yesterday: she made a great many enquiries after you, & is herself rather better. Mrs. Dawson was here a long time yesterday - she is very glad to hear you are so much better & desires her love to you. Yours ever f[aithfu]lly I D TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[Carlton Club? March? 1842!

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/igy COVER: Mrs. Disraeli I D I [Endorsed in MA'S hand:] 1842 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: conjectural; the fact that parliament is in session indicates (in 1842) the spring or summer.

1237

My darling, I have nothing to say, but as the servant waits, I will tell you I love you. We will call on Ford tomorrow. What / you say about Gibson is very interesting, & I must hurry to the house, as it is now 1/4 pt four. Thine own I D. TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI House of Commons, Wednesday [6? April 1842] ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/igi COVER: Mrs. Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I D. I [Endorsed in MA'S hand:] 1841 POSTMARK: (i) cancelled one-penny stamp EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the seating of W.D. Christie for Weymouth and by comparison with 1240. MS endorsed in MA'S hand: '1841'. Sic: (cover) Wycomb; pamphett.

1 This letter accompanied one by MA to her mother: 'Dizzy will tell you where to sign the inclosed how grand he says you are money coming in every day.' Mrs Sloper was, until 1844, the tenant of Mrs Yate's house at 5 Brock Street, Bath. The yearly rent in 1837 was £155. Mrs Yate owned 5 shares in the Kennet and Avon Canal, yielding £6.153. (p.a.?}, and n in the Somersetshire Coal Canal Locklkjdjkdd Trust, yielding £7.173. (p.a.?). H 0/1/8/12; 0/1^/67,70,279,284.

41

1238

My darling, H o f C . I Wedy. Tomline call'd after your departure 1 & when I was very melancholy. It is impossible to convey how very kindly he expressed himself, & / how very properly he behaved. He said he was ready to pay any expense that was necessary, & that if we stood again he knew as "a fact" that the people of Shrews[bur]y had resolved to return / ME FREE OF EXPENSE - which he thought they ought to do. A for himself, he cared nothing about the money, so that we succeeded &c. In short nothing co[ul]d be more amiablel My darling, I have / no news, having been here since 1/2 pt 3. I went out with Tomline[,] call'd at Lady Bulkeley P[hilipp]'s,2 who was unfortunately at home, & then came down here. Mr. Christie, the new M.P. for Weymouth, has published a pamphett on the Copyright Question, in / which, after several quotations from my speech of 1838, he says "It is a speech that cannot be praised too highly[.]"* I am going to readkjshnijafh it in the Library, for I don't recollect anything very marvellous.4 My / sweet wife, I hope I shall hear of your safe & pleasant arrival, & as your back was to the wind, I trust the drive was not very disagreeable. 1000, 1000 loves. Say something kind from me to your Mamma, & / tell her I shall have all ready for her tomorrow. Perhaps, I shall speak on the Copyright - a very weak PERHAPS so don't expect anything.5 Dear one, farewell for a few hours. Thine own Ask about the French Books.6

!239

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI [Grosvenor Gate, Thursday 7 April 1842]fdfs. ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/ig4 EDITORIAL COMMENT: This is presumably a note D left for MA to find when she arrived from Bradenham with her mother. Dating: by comparison with 1240.

1 MA had gone to Bradenham to bring her mother back to London on 7 April by means of a. speciall equipped invalid carriage. On 2 April D had gone to Middlesex Hospital to inquire about hiring one of the only two such carriages in London. H 0/1/8/20-1,25. 2 Sir Richard Bulkeley Philipps Grant Philipps MP in 1824 had married Eliza Gordon (1803-1852), only daughter of John Gordon, of Hanwell. 3 In what must have been an unsettling development for D, the very close 1841 election victory by two Conservatives at Weymouth and Melcombe Regis had been overturned on petition, with W.D. Christie and Ralph Bernal being seated on 4 April. William Dougal Christie (1816-1874), a barrister, Liberal MP for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis 1842-47, with several diplomatic appointments thereafter (Nicaragua 1848, Berne 1851-4, Argentina 1854-8, Brazil 1859-63), was the author of a number of pamphlets on the ballot and one on copyright: A Plea for Perpetual Copyright in a Letter to Lord Monteagle (1840). 4 At the time D called it 'a most brilliant and triumphant speech.' See (VOL in) 766. It was in fact a brief, straightforward speech, his third in the House, treating copyright as a defense of property rights. Hansard XLII cols 575-80. 5 The House was to debate Lord Mahon's copyright bill in committee on 6 April, but D did not speak. Hansard LXI cols 1348-1403. 6 Presumably the 3 volumes of Charles de Bernard's The Lover and the Husband, which MA on 13 March had asked D to bring to Bradenham. Mrs Gore in 1841 had edited a translation of the book from the French. H A/i/A/475; CBEL in 728.

42

My beloved, 1/2 past three The Petition is given up.1 I am summoned to the House. Nothing else wo[ul]d have call'd me away, & nothing shall prevent me dining at home. Bailey has done wonders! Your own loving D.

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

House of Commons [Thursday] 7 April [1842]

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 37502 ffgS-ioi PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 177-8, dated April 1842, extensive extracts conflated with extracts from 1241 and from 1252; M&B n 134-5, dated 7 April 1842, the first two paragraphs EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: the year is evident from the context.

My dear Sa, H of Commons I Apl. 7 I write to give you the earliest intelligence that the Shrewsbury Petition is withdrawn. This great coup, almost in the present state of affairs as great as / my return, was effected in the most accidental & happy manner by my agent, Bailey of Gloucester, with[ou]t any interference & barely knowledge of either of / the great parties. On his own responsibility he paired off Sh[rewsbur]y against Gloucester under circumstances of extreme difficulty & which must be reserved for narrativef.]1 I never / knew a happier instance of daring, energy & address combined. He left town on Tuesday by mail & I was call'd out of the House about 8 o'ck yesterday (Wednesday) / & found him. I expressed my surprise, perhaps my regret, that he had not departed, when to my astonishment I found that in the four & twenty hours he had been to / Gloucester, Shrewsbury, & returned. It was like the story of the rise of Wolsey. 2 The committees work so ill under the new system,3 that I really despaired / 1 See i24O&m below. 1 The Speaker announced on 7 April that the Shrewsbury petitioners did not intend to proceed and that the order was consequently discharged. The petition for Gloucester City, where John Phillpotts and Maurice F.F. Berkeley in 1841 had defeated D'S friends Henry Thomas Hope and Lord Loftus, was als. announced as withdrawn. JHC xcvn 38, 168. In addition to Bailey, John Lovegrove (under-sheriff for Gloucester) also had had a part in getting the petition withdrawn. There is a receipt in H for £100 for his costs 'in the matter of the Gloucester City Election petition.' H A/v/E/28. It is also certainly no coincidence that on this day, 7 April 1842, D, Bailey and Francis Buchanan Hoare, one of the Gloucester petitioners, drew up an indenture whereby D'S debt to William Lovell (£2,500 plu interest) was transferred to Lovegrove. H A/v/c/34- MA recorded in her cash-book for May 1842 a withdrawal of £67.103 'Expences for Election Petition.' H ace. 2 According to Cavendish, Cardinal Wolsey told the story himself of his crossing the Channel in 1508 on a special mission for Henry vn, returning to Richmond from Calais 'on the evening of the third day after his despatch, and next morning incurred at first an undue reproof from the king, who thought he had not yet started.' DNB from George Cavendish Life of Cardinal Wolsey; but cf A.F. Pollard Wolsey (1943 ed) 13. 3 Since the Parliamentary Privilege Act of 1770 ('Grenville's Act'), election petition committees had been chosen by lot. See (VOL in) 72im. In 1839 a change was introduced whereby a general election committee nominated by the Speaker chose the election committees. Further changes in 1841 improved the methods of assuring impartiality and of inquiring into evidence of bribery. The effect was that after the 1841 election so many petitions with a high likelihood of success were produced that there was virtually a panic when elections began to be voided. Apparently there were many hasty arrangements made, as evidenced by a number of withdrawn petitions and resignations from the House. On 5 May Roebuck drew the House's attention to five constituencies in which he alleged corrupt com-

43

1240

sometimes of keeping my seat & was convinced that the Sh[rewsbur]y people wd. proceed. But the Gloucester Whigs prevailed upon them to sacrifice / themselves for the extric[ati]on of their neighbours.4 I have been waiting with great anxiety for Mary Anne, who, I suppose, is now at Gros[veno]r Gate,5 but I was summoned to the house by this event. Ever I D

1241

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate, Saturday [23 April 1842]

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 37425 1124-5 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 177, dated April 1842, prints an altered version omitting the last sentence, conflated with extracts from 1240 and 1252; M&B 11 135, dated 23 April 1842, omitting the last sentence. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S speech in the House on 22 April. Sic: unbuttonning.

My dear Sa, GG I Saty. morng. The horses are at the door - & we are going with the living Horace Walpole to visit for the last time Strawberry Hill.1 Last night, after going to the City, I fired a most effective shot in the Debate2 - cheered by, Peel, & all the Ministers - loudly by Hardinge who / said to me in the Lobby "y°u made an admirable speech, D[israel]i." I observed I was sensible of his support &c. Replied, taking my arm "You know what I said to you years ago, you wo[ul]d become "one of the clearest & most forcible speakers in the House??] Sir J[ame]s Graham came up to / me & sd "Never was a party pinned more effectively - the pin was pushed into the Middle & to the very head." Just at this moment when he was unbuttonning his heart, a thickheaded ald[erma]n (Copeland)3 forced himself on us & spoilt all. Anxious to hear of James & loves to all. Ever I D promises had been made between the opposing parties leading to the withdrawal of election petitions. The House on 9 May set up a select committee to look into the allegations. Hansard LXIII cols 209-34, 271-309; E.G.S. Wade and A.W. Bradley Constitutional Law (8th ed 1973) 164; Gash Politics 134-6, 239-69. 4 Gloucester is less than 70 miles from Shrewsbury. 5 See 1238m and i23gec. It was in a letter to MA that Sarah replied on 8 April: 'It is many a day since I have experienced the pleasure of this morning ... There can be no doubt that it is really the happiest event in the world.' H D/III/A/II. 1 See (VOL in) 1067^. Lord Waldegrave's sale of the dead Horace Walpole's collections at Strawberry Hill ran from 25 April to 21 May 1842, with many notable personages recorded as visiting the house before and during the sale. MP (19, 20, 25 April, 23 May 1842). For a list of catalogues and contemporary accounts of the sale see Sabor 41-5. 2 D had spoken on 22 April in the debate on second reading of Peel's Income Tax Bill. Although speaking in support of it, he had proposed an inquiry into the national deficit which had created the need for the tax, arguing that the financial crisis was caused by the Whigs' foreign policy and its results such as the Afghan War which, according to D, had never even been sanctioned by parliament. Hansard LXII cols 1028-31. See introduction p xii. 3 William Taylor Copeland (1797-1868), porcelain manufacturer of Stoke-on-Trent, son of Josiah Spode's partner; lord mayor of London 1835 (alderman 1829), Whig MP for Coleraine 1831-2, 1833-7, Stoke-on-Trent 1837-52, 1857-65.

44

TO: [ROBERT MONTGOMERY MARTIN]

Grosvenor Gate, Monday [9 May 1842]

1242

ORIGINAL: Toyo Bunko, Japan, per F H H King [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand at the top of the page: 'B. D'Israeli I M.P I 9 May 42'. The identity of the recipient was established by Professor King.

My dear Sir Grosvenor Gate I Monday. 12 o'ck If you be at home, & disengaged eno' to see me for ten minutes, I will come on to you. l Yours fa[ithfu]ll[y] I D. TO: [WILLIAM PYNE]

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 19 May [1842]

ORIGINAL: FITZ Disraeli 859 COVER: William Pyne Esq I 30 George Street I B. Disraeli EDITORIAL COMMENT: There is a copy in H A/v/F/i8. Dating: endorsed in another hand on the first page of the MS: 'Disraeli & Hume 20 May 1842'; and on the last page of the MS: 'Benjn. Disraeli Esqre I ig May 1842'; and by MA'S letter (see m). Sic: attorneys.

My dear Sir, Grosvenor Gate I May 19 Mrs. Disraeli has herself replied to the person who inclosed the placard; & nothing will induce her to change the resolution expressed in her letter: nor co[ul]d I wish her to do so. Mr. Ford is authorised, on her part to adjust any claims on me, preferred in a decent manner - but the menaces of ruffians she treats / with contempt. We are prepared for publicity; & probably shall commence it. I myself will hold no communications with Mr Hume or with any of his numerous attorneys. Mr. Ford is authorised by Mrs. Disraeli to confer with him on his claim; & also peremptorily instructed by her, in the event of / his taking any step in the vain hope of annoying or terrifying her, instantly to terminate all negotiations with him, & never to renew them. I am obliged to you for your letter, & regret you have had so much trouble.l Yours v[er]y truly, I B. DISRAELI 1 On 31 May 1842 Robert Montgomery Martin was to write to D congratulating him on his speech that da. in a debate on Indian revenues. Since Martin specifically praises D'S handling of financial statistics, perhaps Martin, as an expert on colonial affairs, had been consulted. H B/xxi/M/2io. 1 MA had written on 12 May in response to an unnamed person's 'letter & inclosure' referring him t Ford, but threatening to strike 'Mr Thomas' off 'the list of claimants' if 'you, & your Client, do not send me an apology for the menace'. TEXU Beaconsfield BD ivtisc MSS 104. Pyne had written earlier on 19 May: 'Mr Ford yesterday showed me a printed Bill which Mr. Davis of Charlotte Street has issued respecting the Judgment of £5000. I have seen Mr. Davis and Mr. Hume upon it, and I have prevailed upon Mr. Davis to see you tomorrow - I am sure that you may make any reasonable Settlement, to avoid publicity and Expense.' H A/v/nA}. J.P. Davis, probably also the person who had written to MA, was a solicitor at 14 Charlotte Street, Bedford Square. Robson's Guide (1841). Presumably he was acting for both 'Mr Thomas' (George Evan Thomas? See 1167^ (VOL in) and izo6&ni) and Robert Montagu Hume. In one memo drawn up by D the item for Hume reads: '2 Bills in hands of 2 o[the]r persons & he holds sole Judgmt for £5000, all due', while the adjacent memo in H shows 'Robt Hume £10000 Costs jo/ Hil[ar]y Term 1842 - Manning & Dalston Atty.' H A/v/c/25-6. It seems

45

1243

1244

TO: [HENRY JAMES BAILLIE]

Grosvenor Gate, Saturday 21 May [1842]

ORIGINAL: BRU [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand at the top of the first page of the MS: 'Benjamin Disraeli I M.P.'. Dating: by the 'Consular statement'. Sic: visavis.

My dear Sir. Grosr. Gate I May 21 I Saturday You are on the speakers list for the 26th. ' The moment I received yr. last note, I wrote to my bookseller, Bain, visavis Opera H[ous]e,2 for / a couple of copies of the No. of Hansard April 23 - in wh: there is a capital report of the "Consular statement."3 But I have heard nothing / from him. I am confined to my house by influenza, & am obliged to keep very quiet, in order to get into trim for Thursday. But [I] shd. be very / happy to see you, if you will come & see me tomorrow, at yr. convenience. Yours sincerely I D.

J

245

TO: LADY BLESSINGTON

Grosvenor Gate [Wednesday] i June [1842]

ORIGINAL: PFRZ Misc Ms. [22] COVER: The I Countess of Blessington I Gore House I Kensington [In D'S hand (on back of first sheet?):] The I Countess of I Blessington I D. POSTMARK: (i) cancelled one-penny stamp PUBLICATION HISTORY: Morrison 20, dated i June EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by Mrs Yate's death on 29 May 1842. H R/n/rAzg.

Dear Lady Blessington, Grosr. Gate I June i That sorrowful event, that has long been impending over us, occurred on Sunday morning; &, lengthened as had been her preparation for it, you can easily understand, that Mrs. Disraeli is much / overwhelmed. But, I hope, the gratifying recollection of a duty so beautifully fulfilled towards a beloved parent; & wh: made her days pleasant & happy; will eventually prove a great source of consolation / & comfort to her. I return you the proof - but my MS. has this year so perplexed the printer, that D owed £10,000 to Hume, who had obtained judgment for that amount in early 1842, but that Hume had then disposed of half the judgment to two others, one of whom may have been 'Mr Thomas'. For an earlier similar threat of publicity see (VOL in) 821. 1 The recipient of this letter is almost certainly Henry James Baillie; he had given notice of a motion for Thursday 26 May, that the official 1837-8 correspondence on the Indian-Afghanistan frontier affair be made public. On 24 May he agreed, at Peel's request, to postpone the motion because of the state of affairs in Afghanistan. He eventually made the motion on 23 June, and was seconded by D. See I22g&n2. 2 James Bain, bookseller, at i Haymarket. Robson's Directory. 3 Hansard LXI (the second volume of the session), covering the period 4 March to 6 April and containing the account of D'S consular speech on 8 March (cols 220-44), had presumably been published on 23 April. At this time Hansard was a collation of the reports published in the newspapers as well as those of its own reporters. Proofs were sent to members for correction and in some cases it seems members' own texts of speeches were accepted. Maurice F. Bond Guide to the Records of Parliament (1971) 38. An advertisement at the end of vol LXXI, the final volume of Hansard for 1843, indicates that it was published in weekly parts and in volumes.

46

that, for the first time, I must ask for a revise. l Ever, dear Lady Bn. I Yours most sincerely I DIS TO: THOMAS CHAPMAN

Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 6 June 1842

1246

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 37502 ffio2-3

T. Chapman Esqr1 G rosr. Gate jkndfI June 6. 1842 My dear Sir, I am sure you will not misconstruct my motive when I request you to instruct your agent not to press Mr. Lovell, for a few days, for the payment of the £70 & his costs - & to prevent any legal expenses. I will not dwell on the motives now / wh: induce me to make this request, but I am confident you wd. admit them as valid & satisfactory. I will not press on your kindness for more than a very few days indeed - and you may grant us this indulgence with[out] any / apprehension, as after our last communications, I do not consider our affairs a mere matter of business on my part. I have written this, because I had on Saty. previously written to Mr. Lovell, informing him that I sho[ul]d be able to call to day & finally close the business; / but domestic circumstances prevent me of an imperative nature, & may for a very few days. In haste I Yours very faithful[ly] I B. Disraeli I You are perhaps aware that my not literally fulfilling my engagement on the 26 or 27th. was occasioned by the death of Mrs. D's mother at Grosr. Gate who was only buried on Friday: & by the consequences of this event[.] TO: SIR ROBERT PEEL

Grosvenor Gate, Monday 13 [June 1842]

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 40510 ffi4i-2 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S question concerning the Texas treaty. See m.

Grosvenor Gate I Monday Ju/i3 Mr Disraeli present his Compliments to Sir Robert Peel; & has the honor to apprise / him, that he will enquire of the Government, to day, whether it be 1 D'S sketch 'The Midland Ocean' was to appear in Lady Blessington's Book of Beauty (1843). The much-hujhsdihgfiydu]ghfuiy]sghdhujsbahidh.. corrected proof in H shows that the printer indeed had misread much of the MS. On i July Lady Blessington sent the revise, asking D to return it directly to the printer, Moyes & Barclay, 28 Castle St, Leicester Sq. H H/E/m/ig, B/xxi/B/6oo-i. 1 Henry Sotheran Ltd 1939 Catalogue items 110-15 are described as letters by D on financial matters tojhbsjhfguydsgy., Thomas Chapman, the date of the first one being 29 June 1840. The same firm's Catalogue No 689 (Dec 1941) item 381 describes an 'A.L.S., 4p 8vo., Carlton; to W. LOVELL, marked "Private," on a financial matter respecting the payment of the sum of £500 to Messrs. Chapman and Sands; with his PROMISSORY NOTE for same, SIGNED; and W. LOVELES A.L.S., 2 pp. 8vo., on the same matter'. No firm named Chapman and Sands has been found in the standard directories; of the many T. or Thomas Chapmans, the most likely is perhaps Thomas D. Chapman, a barrister at 2 Lamb's Buildings, the Temple. Robson's Guide (1840). Of many possibilities, the agent mentioned in this letter could be Goldshede: see i3Oom. MA on 16 June 1842 recorded in her cash-book a payment of £250 by D to 'Chapman'. H ace.

47

1247

their intention to ratify the / treaty negotiated by the late Administr[ati]on with Texas. '

1248

TO: SIR ROBERT PEEL

Grosvenor Gate, Wednesday 15 June [1842]

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 40510 11222-3 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S question on the Maine Boundary dispute. See m.

Grosvenor Gate I Wedny 15 June Mr Disraeli presents his Complimts. to Sir Robert Peel. He will take the liberty of putting a / question to Sir Robert, at the house to day, respecting the alleged settlement of the Boundary Question / with Maine.l

1249

TO: THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 16 June 1842

ORIGINAL: PS Times PUBLICATION HISTORY: The Times (17 June 1842) EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: of much paramount.

Sir,Grosvenor-gate, June 16. The questions which I addressed to Sir Robert Peel in the House of Commons on Wednesday night, with respect to the North American boundary, refer to a subject of much paramount importance, and involve statements of so grave a character, that I feel I may be excused for adopting this step in order that their nature may be precisely ascertained by the nation, whose interest and honour they concern. I mentioned on that occasion, that I had learnt from an authentic quarter that the State of Maine had, by the invitation of the Government of the United States, appointed commissioners to assist in the negotiation with the British Government; that the propositions with which those commissioners were intrusted involved, on the side of Great Britain, as the basis of negotiation, a virtual surrender of title to the disputed territory, while they claimed, on the side of Maine, a recognition of title to the navigation of the St. John, and asserted generally the principle of compensation to Maine for any portions of the disputed territory which might ultimately be accorded to Great Britain. I stated that the result of this arrangement would be much less advantageous to this country than the settlement by the King of the Netherlands under the convention of 1827. I stated also that it was the general understanding of the State of 1 See 12298014. On 10 June D, noting that the Mexican government had made tariff changes beneficial to British commerce, had asked Peel whether the government intended to sanction the blockade by Texas of the east coast of Mexico. Peel had replied that he would if the blockade were bona fide. On 13 June D asked if it was the intention of the government, before recognizing the blockade, to recognize the independence of Texas. Peel replied that it was not necessary to do so in order to observe the blockade, but that he was going to honour the previous administration's treaties with Texas. Hansard LXIII cols 1426-7, 1490-1. On 30 May Peel had mildly rebuked D for asking a complicated question regarding East India Company funds without due notice. Hansard LXIII cols 985-6. This time D was more careful. 1 See 1249 below. Peel frostily refused to comment on D'S question, which he considered to be prema ture because negotiations were still in progress. Hansard LXIII cols 1585-6.

48

Maine, that these propositions would be acceded to by Her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary,1 the Governor of that state2 having officially communicated to the Legislature that he had "reason to believe" they would be accepted; and that it was on that understanding, ascertained as I have grounds to suppose from previous communications between Governor Fairfield, Mr. Webster, and Lord Ashburton, that Maine had consented to the appointment of commissioners.3 The questions which I addressed to Sir Robert Peel were these: - first, whether Her Majesty's Government had received information of these transactions? and, secondly, whether Her Majesty's Government had instituted any inquiry into the causes why the award of a Sovereign arbiter, settling the North American boundary, and rendered according to the terms of a solemn convention, had been attempted to be set aside by the late Administration? I am, Sir, your obedient servant, I B. DISRAELI. TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[House of Commons, Thursday 23 June 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/ig3 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: MS endorsed by MA: 'Receivd June 23d. 1842 at 10 half past at night.'

My dearest, I can only write & with great difficulty THE MOST COMPLETE SUCCESS. l D

10 o'ck

The debate will be long & is very interesting[.] 1 Lord Ashburton. See n3_ 2 John Fairfield (1797-1847), governor of Maine 1839-42. Dictionary of American Biography. 3 For D'S first involvement with the Maine boundary issue see (VOL in) 994113. King William i of the Netherlands had been the arbiter whose settlement of the Maine-New Brunswick boundary had been rejected by the American Senate in 1831. When Fairfield became governor he had the land agent expel trespassers originating from New Brunswick, and put a stop to their allegedly illegal timber cutting. Both Maine and New Brunswick claimed the' valley of the Aroostook River and the right to cut timber there. In 1839 they mobilized their respective militias in the so-called Aroostook War, but no shots were fired and eventually they were persuaded to withdraw their troops. See David Lowenthal 'The Maine Press and the Aroostook War' Canadian Historical Review xxxn (1951) 315-26. Lord Ashburton, who as one of the famous Baring banking family had many family and financial ties with the U.S., went to the U.S. on 10 February 1842 to settle a number of outstanding differences with the U.S., including the long disputed boundary between Maine and New Brunswick. He and Daniel Webster, the U.S. secretary of state, concluded the Webster-Ashburton Treaty on 9 August 1842. It was a compromise settlement which left Britain with five-twelfths of the disputed region, but the northern hump awarded to Maine left a barrier to direct east-west communications between Canada and the Maritime provinces. MP (n Feb 1842); Greville v 32-6, 38-40; Gash Peel 498-501; J.M.S. Careless The Union of the Canadas, 184.1-18^ (Toronto, 1967) 61. 1 On 23 June 1842 the House debated Henry James Baillie's motion on the war in Afghanistan: D seconded the motion. See I244&ni. In a well-thought-out and well-researched speech filling 16 columns of Hansard, D ridiculed Hobhouse's defence of the British invasion which had occurred before the change of government and asked to hear more 'substantial reasons' for it 'in these hard, dry, matter-of-fact Income tax days'. Criticizing Palmerston's anti-Russian foreign policy when he was in office and noting the strength of the mountain barrier on India's northern frontier and the adverse effect of war upon Indian commerce, he claimed: 'It was surely then the duty of the House to inquire into the cause of this mysterious war, a war for which as yet no cause had been given.' The motion, supported mainly by Radicals, was defeated 75-9, D being one of the tellers for the minority. Ironically, 36 years later D'S own ministry would be responsible for a second disastrous invasion of Afghanistan. Hansard LXIV cols 435-537 (D'S speech in cols 444-60).

49

1250

1251

TO: [DAVID URQUHART?]

Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 28 June 1842

ORIGINAL: NLS MS 931 6*36-7

My dear Sir,1 Grosvenor Gate I June 28/42 I have been hoping, that I might ere this, have personally been able to say how much Mrs. Disraeli was pleased by your kind attention & interesting present wh: she greatly appreciates / - but I have not had a moment to myself. Would you give us the pleasure of your company at dinner on Sunday next, 1/4 past seven only ourselves. Yrs f[aithfu]lly I B DISRAELI / Should Sir Allan McNab2 be still in town, I shall be at home all Sunday morning until 1/2 past three, & shd be very happy to see him, if he wd give me that pleasure, & it be convenient to y[ou]rs[e]lf. 1252

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 30 June 1842

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/277 COVER: Miss Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb POSTMARK: (i) in circle: s[?] I JU-3O I 1842 (2) cancelled one-penny stamp PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 178, dated April 1842, an altered version of the fifth paragraph, conflated with extracts from 1240 and 1241 EDITORIAL COMMENT: In MA'S hand on cover: 'In about ten days time we should be glad of some more poultry tell your Mama the cement does beautifully.' Sic: (cover) Wycomb; & was very glad; Affn.

My dear Sa, Grosvenor Gate I June 30. 1842 Your cargo of yesterday was most acceptable - the vegetables delicious; the poultry by no means too small, as we think the smaller the more delicate; we were delighted also to taste Bradenham strawberries, by far the best we have had this year. The death of Sir W[illiam] Young1 greatly shocked us - the same day I heard 1 Although the evidence is only circumstantial, it seems that David Urquhart could well be the recipient of this letter. Urquhart is listed among the guests for a later farewell dinner for Sir Allan McNab (see n2). At this time, McNab had just returned from visiting his ancestral home at Killin in Perthshire, only 15 miles from Urquhart's home at Callander. MP (22 June, 18 July 1842). Also, Urquhart had an interest in North American affairs: see (VOL in) 994^. 2 Sir Allan Napier McNab (1798-1862) had been Speaker of the last Upper Canada House and a leader of the loyal forces that suppressed William Lyon Mackenzie's 1837 rebellion in Upper Canada; he had been knighted in 1838 for ordering the attack on and destruction of the uss Caroline. See (VOL in) U27na. He has been described as 'a bold and boistrous figure, all bluff, high-tory squire, combined with sharp-eyed demagogy.' He was at this time in England to appeal being cut off from government preferment because of his work to end the union of the Canadas. He had interviews with Stanley on 21 and 30 June and 26 July 1842, but was refused the baronetcy he sought. He was later to be leader of a coalition government in the new Province of Canada; he received his baronetcy in 1858. MP (22 June, i, 27 July 1842); J.M.S. Careless Union of the Canadas, 1841-1857 (Toronto 1967) 46-7, 196-210; Dictionary of Canadian Biography xi. 1 Sir William Young had died at Hughenden on 27 June, aged 36, of influenza followed by typhus fever. He left a widow (the former Caroline Norris) and five children. MP (29 June 1842); BH (2 July 1842).

5°

that Lord Lichfield had shot himself2 & that Lady Waterford was kill'd3 - but I hope these latter events of the day of / horrors have not sufficient foundation. I saw Ld Chan[cello]r Sugden4 at the Carlton, looking fat & prosperous - very kind & talked as everybody does of my late demonstration. Hardinge very warm "My dear friend, I regret I was not here to listen to what all tell me was one of the most masterly speeches for a long time heard &c. I only wonder where the devil you get it all."5 Hildyard, Sir Robert Wilson the same. We saw Jem yesterday & was very glad & hope he will come to us always when in town. Mary Anne / wants country air, but I can't leave town, or we shd. come down to you. She is however a little stronger, I hope, this last day or two. In the Journal des Debats there is a long article on the highly interesting debate on Aff[ghanista]n in the English chamber. "M. Disraeli" is said to have pinned Ld. P[almersto]n respecting his belief in the insincerity of Russia.6 We have a Polish Debate today7 wh: I shall avoid. George Smythe broke his chains this morning & has gone to Spain.8 Many loves E[ve]r I D TO: CHARLES BULLER

Grosvenor Gate, Saturday [mid 1842?]

ORIGINAL: UJBJ [2] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by MA'S endorsement of Buller's letter of acceptance: 'Mr Charles Buller 1842'. H B/xxi/B/1289. The letter has been inserted in the middle of the year as the time most likely for this invitation.

Dear Buller, Grosvenor Gate I Saturday Will you give us the pleasure of your company at dinner on Monday at 1/2 pt. seven? sans facon. Faithfully, yrs. I B DISRAELI 2 The rumour was false, and was discredited in the press the next day. Lord Lichfield was living abroad because of his health and to avoid creditors. He had some debts in common with D'Orsay who, like himself, was one of the founders of the Arlington (gambling) Club. See 1309^. Some of his property at Shugborough Hall was being auctioned, and Ford was trying to raise £45,000 for him. MP (i, 13 July 1842); The Times (13 April, 12 July 1843); Connely 360-2, 379. 3 The 3rd Marquess of Waterford on 8 June 1842 had married Louisa Stuart (1818-1891), second daughter and co-heir of ist Baron Stuart de Rothesay. On 26 June the Marquess and his new bride had had an accident in their carriage, with Lady Waterford in fact sustaining only a slight concussion. MP (29 30 June, i, 2, 4 July 1842). 4 Sugden had received his second appointment as Lord Chancellor of Ireland in October 1841. 5 D in his speech had quoted figures illustrating his contention that the Afghan war was damaging India's interests. See I25om. 6 The Journal des Debats of 27 June 1842 had commented at length on the debate on Baillie's motion, focusing briefly on D'S baiting of Palmerston. 7 The House on this day was to debate Henry Gaily Knight's motion on Russia's perceived violation of the Congress of Vienna with respect to the independence of Poland. Hansard LXIV cols 800-29. 8 Possibly Smythe's departure had to do either with his accumulated debts (his election for Canterbury had cost about £7,000), or with his refusal to obey his father and make a lucrative marriage. He seems to have been attached at this time to a young lady living in Paris. Edward Barrington de Fonblanque Lives of the Lords Strangford (1877) 214-21. See further I336&n5.

51

J

253

1254

TO: [THOMAS CHAPMAN?]

House of Commons [Wednesday] 20 July 1842

ORIGINAL: NYPL Berg [20] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed on the last page of the MS: 'to his Banker I 1842'.

My dear Sir,1 H. of Comm.: I July 20. 1842 I was much gratified by your obliging letter, particularly as Mrs Disraeli, from some indisposition, wd. have felt great inconvenience, at the moment I wrote to / you, by visiting the City. I intend to go there tomorrow, & shall endeavour, on my return, to see Mr. Lovell, to whom I have written to arrange a meeting with / your agent. I am, dear Sir, I Yours faith [full] y, I B. DISRAELI

255 TO: SARAH DISRAELI

J

Carlton Club [Thursday] n August [1842]

ORIGINAL: [i] BEA [Ri-iy]; [2] H H/Life of Disraeli [unnumbered] PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 178-9, dated n August 1842, an altered version omitting the second last paragraph and adding: 'As soon as we have paid you a visit we shall cross the Channel.'; M&B H 135-6, dated n August 1842. EDITORIAL COMMENT: There is a page missing in our copy of the original MS at Belvoir. The passag. enclosed in square brackets has been transcribed from Monypenny's typed transcript of this letter in H. Dating: by context. See m.

My dear Sa, Carlton I Augt n This delicious weather makes one sigh for country air, but we are still prisoners. Last night Peel made the most effective speech / [by very far I ever heard from him. He crushed Palmerston, who, on the last night, like an excited player, lost on one dashing stake, all his hardwon winnings of the last month.1 I was in the leash to speak, but the effect of Peel's speech was so overwhelming that all the Whigs, (Vernon Smith,2 Charley Buller, Hawes etc.,) took refuge in silence,] & Cobden seizing the opportunity attempted to an impatient & 1 By comparison with I246&m, and despite the endorsement on the MS, it seems likely that the recipient of this letter is Thomas Chapman. 1 On 10 August Palmerston, under the guise of moving 'for certain returns respecting the public bills ... brought into Parliament during the present Session', had summarized the first full session of the new government and, in effect, defended his own foreign policy. Peel's response in seconding the motion had taken the form of mock gratitude to Palmerston for his review of the Tories' successful legislation. Greville, no admirer of Palmerston, says that he 'made a grand attack upon the Government, a la Lyndhurst, in a speech of great ability, as his opponents themselves allow. Peel, however, replied to him in a still abler speech ...' Hansard LXV cols 1230-90; Greville v 29. See also Gash Peel 337-8. 2 Robert Vernon Smith (1800-1873), after 1859 ist Baron Lyveden; Whig MP for Tralee 1829-31, Northampton 1831-59; a lord of the treasury 1830-4, secretary of the board of control 1835-9, undersecretary for the colonies 1839-41, secretary at war 1852, president of the board of control 1855-8. In 1846 he assumed the name of Vernon in lieu of Smith.

52

excited house to foist off his intended speech of the night before & turned the whole course of the debate or rather burked it, being followed by Hume, / Ewart & Co in an American corn Vein. 3 Palmn. look'd overwhelmed,4 but was infinitely mortified by the turn of the debate wh: rendered his pos[iti]on still more ludicrous / - most ludicrous howr, when Philip Howard, the butt of the House, & who pours forth endless niaiseries rose to vindicate "his noble friend" wh: he did with agonising detail, till Peel went away, the house nearly / emptied, & Palmn., bound to remain, refrained even from replying for wh: he had prepared.5 By the bye he quoted me very courteously at his commencement6 & indeed "went off' with / me, wh: produced an effect in the house. Fremantle ask'd me after Peel's speech to reply to any man of note who rose on the opposite benches. I sigh for news from Bradenham. Your vegetables &c. cargoes are most welcome. 1000 loves I D TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 13 August [1842]

ORIGINAL: PS 339 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Clarence I. Freed 'A New Sheaf of Disraeli Letters' American Hebrew cxx (15 April 1927) 854, dated 13 August at Grosvenor Gate EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see m.

Yesterday I attended the prorogation and Mary Anne and myself mounted into a Committee Room to see the procession. The day most brilliant - everything gay and splendid, but no cheering.' Mary Anne and myself are still confident about my father's eyes. 3 Richard Cobden had tried to bring the debate on Palmerston's motion back down to earth by arguing for the need for free trade with the U.S. in light of their ever-increasing ability to supply wheat and their threat to retaliate against the U.K. corn laws with tariffs against U.K. manufactured goods. He was supported by brief speeches from Hume and Ewart. Hansard LXV cols 1290-4. 4 Peel made the same assessment in a letter to his wife on 11 August 1842: 'You never saw a man look as foolish as he did under the flagellation which I gave him.' Gash Peel 338. 5 Philip Henry Howard (1801-1883) was Liberal MP for Carlisle 1830-47, 1848-52. For his speech see Hansard LXV cols 1294-5. 6 Palmerston had made a reference to D'S speech of 21 July 1842 (on Buncombe's motion to reassembl parliament in October because of the distress in the country) the point of departure for his speech: 'The hon Member for Shrewsbury, in a recent debate in this House, traced the causes of some, of what I consider the imaginary evils, of which he complained, to the settlement of Europe which was made at the peace of 1815.' Hansard LXV cols 419-27, 1230. D'S speech anticipates his argument in bk ii ch i of Coningsby. 1 On 12 August the Queen had prorogued Parliament until 6 October. The strangers' gallery and even reporters' seats had been filled up by ladies. The Queen arrived shortly after 2 p.m., and the Speaker and a number of members went to the Lords to hear her speech. Large crowds lined the route of her procession, and 'cordial and enthusiastic cheers' were reported. The Times and MP (13 August 1842).

53

1256

1257

TO: ISAAC D'ISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 13 August 1842

ORIGINAL: H A/i/c/g COVER: to be opened after my decease. I I. Disraeli Esqr. I Bradenham I D. PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B in 147-8, dated 13 August 1842 EDITORIAL COMMENT: There is no salutation. On the last page of the MS: 'To be given to my father after my decease. August 13. 1842'. Before the date D has drawn a triangle too large to be read as a Greek delta.

Grosvenor Gate I Augt. 13.742 The uncertainty of life impels me to draw up this note, wh: in the event of my death before that of my father, I request sho[ul]d be immediately given to him. At this date, after a life of constant struggle, I find myself commencing an era of worldly prosperity & mental satisfaction. I am entirely indebted for this position & this state of mind, doubly appreciated by one whose lot has hitherto been so much the reverse, to the unexampled devotion / of my beloved wife, to whom I am indebted not only for all those worldly accidents wh: make life desirable, but for that peace of mind & consequent physical health wh: render it even delicious. Since our marriage, it sho[ul]d be distinctly known, wh: indeed in conversation I have already mentioned to my father, that she has defrayed either for those parliamentary contests so indispensable to my career, or for debts incurred before our union, no / less a sum than thirteen thousand pounds sterling,l & is prepared to grapple with claims & incumbrances to an amount not inferior. I place these facts on record, that in the event before referred to, her moral claim to my patrimony, as described in my fathers will recently executed,2 may be clearly comprehended. But I have such confidence in the justice of my father, & in the affection & gratitude wh: every member of my family must feel towards her to whose ceaseless vigilance & unbroken / devotion I am indebted for even existence, that I feel that in expressing these wishes, I am only sanctioning their own affectionate anticipations. I solemnly commend her also to their unbroken love. B Disraeli.

I258

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club [Friday] 19 August [1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/397 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: the year is established by the reference to the disturbances which occurred in mid-August 1842.

My dea[res]t Sa, Carlton I Augt. 19. We propose to leave town on Monday by the 2 o'ck: train wh: arrives at Maidenhead ten minutes before three. May we expect / my mother's carriage? And can you ascertain whether there be any public conveyance wh: will carry on the Servants to Bradenham? If / not, they must fly. 1 Cf the 'more than £40,000 ... spent thro my influence only' which MA cited in her letter to Peel. See (VOL in) ii86n2. Presumably the larger sum included D'S first election, at Maidstone. 2 Isaac's 1842 will was probably destroyed when superseded by a later one. The will that was proved after his death in 1848 is dated 31 May 1847 and leaves 'to my much beloved Daughter in law Mary Anne Disraeli' a collection of prints (valued at £100). H G/v/2.

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No stirring news from the disturbed districts. They say things are lulling, wh: eventually of course they must, but what has happen'd is a lesson & / a warning of what may come or what we must avert. ' 1000 loves I D. The packet carr[ia\ge[?} had not arrived when I left Gros[veno]r Gate[.] Young Halliwell!!!2 TO: MARY ANNE DISRAELI

[Bradenham, Sunday] 28 August 1842

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/3g8 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The DS were at Bradenham from 22 August to 12 September. H ace.

To I Mary Anne - August 28. 1842 the third Anniversary of our Wedding Day i Our bark went forth, twelve moons ago, Chartered with many cares; And tho' those moons have brought us woe, 'Tis woe that Nature bears, And Time consoles; with memories sweet Of duty done, & fate complete / 2 But the black forms that round my fate, Then felt their coming prey, Spirits of envy, strife & hate, Whose pinions dimmed our day; Have baffled fled, & we remain, Like pilgrims near a sunny fane. / 3 'Tis woman's mind these marvels worked, Heroic, wise, & fond; Beneath whose smile no treachery lurked, When altars blessed the bond, That chased the sorrows of my life, And gave to me a matchless Wife! D. 1 August 1842 was the month of the greatest unrest by Chartists and others, especially in the manufacturing districts, during a year that saw the worst stages of the 18405' depression. There were two more assassination attempts on the Queen, vast overloading of relief facilities, deadly clashes between strikers, rioters and troops, and great general social upheaval. Sarah in a letter of i November 1842 talks of the 'terrible prospects for the coming winter', and tells of several burglaries at Bradenham (summary execution is her suggested remedy). In fact, conditions improved somewhat after this time. H A/i/B/622; The Times (19 Aug 1842); Gash Peel 338-62; George Kitson Clark 'Hunger and Politics in 1842' Journal of Modern History xxv (December 1953) 355~742 James Orchard Halliwell on 9 August had married the eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Phillipps without his consent. See further 1262^13. The markings in the MS that we have rendered as excla mation marks are somewhat smudged; D may have intended to write more, or there may be a missing additional page.

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J

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1260

TO: SIR TAMES GRAHAM

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 16 September 1842

ORIGINAL: GRAHAM Bundle 53 EDITORIAL COMMENT: endorsed on the back: 'F B D'Israeli Es. I M.P. I to Sir J.G. I Septr. 18. 4.2 I desires apt of a I Viscount for I his brother' Sic: Gossett.

Rt Hbe I Sir Jas Graham Grosvenor Gate, Park Lane I Septr. 16. 1842 Dear Sir James, The Viscounty of Jersey, a sort of Under-Sheriff, is vacant by the death of Mr. Gossett.1 If you will confer it on my brother, James Disraeli, you will bestow an office on him, & a favor on me[.] 2 Your faithful Servt I B DISRAELI

I26l

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club, Saturday [17 September 1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/BAjgo EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 1262. Sic: Sir Freemantle.

My dear Sa, Cn. Saty I paid at the beginning of the week ^o£ into Curtis, & shall pay on Monday at least 20 more.' I have been much pressed with various affairs preparatory to our departure on Tuesday, / & MA much more. Yesterday H[enry] Bulwer & Walpole dined with us. H.B returns to Paris. The enclosed letter concerns Jem. I have seen Fremantle & written / to Sir Jas Gr[a]h[a]m who is at the Isle of Wight. They are paving Regent St. with wood. 2 1000 loves, I D Sir Freemantle says that Sir R Peel has / never yet had a place of 4Oo£ pr ann: to give away.

1262

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club, [Monday] 19 September [1842]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/387 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the DS' departure for France in September 1842 and by comparison with 1260 and 1261. Sic: escritorier; Pinkney; Sir Phillipps.

1 Matthew Gosset (1764-1842), of Bagot, Jersey, and of Connaught Square, London, Viscount of the Island of Jersey, had died on 6 September. CM (Oct 1842) 441. 2 Sir James, at this time the home secretary, replied from Cowes on 22 September: 'The states of Jersey have petitioned the Crown not to fill up the vacant appointment of Viscount in that Island, until an Enquiry has been instituted into the duties of the Office and the Emoluments attached to it. I have given the assurance required; and in these circumstances I can render no promise with respect to the Vacancy.' H B/xxi/G/294- D was to make further enquiries about a post for James a year later: see 1331 and 1332. 1 Cf (VOL i) I46&mo. Isaac's financial papers include bank books for 'Sir William Curtis, [2nd] Bart. Robarts, & Curtis', but not for this year. H c/v/3- See 1262. 2 Many London streets were being laid with wood at this time. MP (10 Jan, 17, 19 Sept 1842).

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My dearest Sa, Carlton. I Sep. 19. l We depart D.V. tomorrow morning at 10 o'ck: from the Tower. To day was paid 3o£ more - in all 60 - the other rec[eip]t is in my escritorier. Mary Anne wishes you / to open all letters - & report at convenient times their nature. Specially of course, if any thing of importance. I don't apprehend any letters on private business will arrive, as my affairs are now so well arranged; but / of course on this head, & altog[ethe]r, you must use your discretion. If any reply comes from Graham, you had better act on it at once, if anything is to be done. Jem howr. if he have occasion to express his thanks to Sir James, must recollect / that express is spelt with an R[.] That wretch Pinkney has 4 stars in India stock.2 Orchard Halliwell has neither property nor profession. His wife howr. is first in the entail, in case Sir Phillips dies / with[ou]t a son; but then he has just married a young wife.3 I am exhausted with writing letters & the 1000 little affairs that precede departure. 1000 loves to all I D. TO: SARAH DISRAEL

.Hotel de 1'Europe [Paris, Monday] 26 September 1842

ORIGINAL: PS 155 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LEGS 179-80, dated 26 September 1842 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Many of D'S experiences in Paris during his 1842-3 visit are recorded in his later reminiscences collected in H A/X/A (DR), and are used extensively in the Parisian sections of Coningsby. Sic: Baron Orten.

Hotel de 1'Europe, Rue de Rivoli: September 26. Here we are at our old quarters, and well placed. We have taken a suite looking on the Tuileries for three months, and get all the sun which is to be had. Our passage was favourable, so we gained nothing in suffering by starting from the Tower, and much of convenience. Lablachel was one of our fellow-travellers, and was a charming companion. He beguiled the time with his agreeable and polished conversation, and seems even fonder of pictures than of music. Also "the great Mr. Candy," as he was described by the captain of the vessel, with his travel1 See I274&m. 2 The East India Company used a system of stars to indicate the number of votes a stockholder had: a holding of over £10,000 yielded four stars or votes. See further Sybil bk iv ch n: '"The only stars I have got," said Mr. Ormsby, demurely, "are four stars in India stock.1" 3 See I258&n2. Sir Thomas Phillipps (1792-1872), ist Baronet, in 1842 married secondly Elizabeth Harriet Anne Mansel, daughter of the Rev William John Mansel. Sir Thomas, an antiquary and bibliophile, had no sons by his first marriage, and no children by his second, and eventually did leave his Worcestershire estates to his estranged eldest daughter, Henrietta Elizabeth Molyneux Halliwell (d 1879), whereupon her husband, the precocious but impoverished scholar, changed his name to Halliwell-Phillipps. Ironically, Halliwell had been initially invited to the Phillips house by Sir Thomas because of their common interest in antiquities. 1 Luigi Lablache (1794-1858), an Italian opera singer who performed annually in London 1830-57, had taught singing to Queen Victoria.

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ling chariot, lady, children, servants, &c.; the lady reclining on cushions, the children in various silken cloaks, continually changed and adjusted, and Candy himself in the height of fashion, florid and frank, with new kid gloves, goldheaded cane, and occasionally changing his hat for a tartan silk cap with a silver thistle badge. On inquiry, he turned out to be a silk dealer, or warehouseman, or something, and was a source of infinite amusement. He knew me. 2 I see by the London papers that a new farce, "Curiosities of Literature," is announced at the Haymarket.3 I hope the "Cologne Review" did not incommode Ralph. Baron Orten said at Crockford's the Sunday before we left that the King furnished them (the English officers) with a table daily at which 300 sat dow not less than a guinea per head.4 "Quel restaurateur^ exclaimed D'Orsay. Love to mother and all. D.

1264

TO: SARAH DISRAELI Hotel de 1'Europe [Paris, Friday] 14 October 184 ORIGINAL: BEA [Ri-i8] COVER: A Mademlle I Mademoiselle Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycombe I Angleterre I [at right angles:] Angleterre POSTMARK: (i) In circle: K I 170017 I 1842 (2) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:] oci[8] I 1842 (3) In double circle: PARIS [illegible] [enclosing:] 15 oc PUBLICATION HISTORY: LEGS 180-2, dated 16 October 1842, altered extracts; M&B 11146-8, dated 14 October 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Thuilleres; who we; Vicomte; Antony; bourgeois; Beaufremont.

My dear Sa, Hotel de 1'Europe, Rue Rivoli I Octr i4th: 1842 Your letter was most satisfactory & businesslike. I have attended to the subjects referred to in it, & at present have therefore no instructions to give you thereon. We have for the last ten days or so had the most beautiful weather here wh: will they say, last during the month - our rooms looking to the gardens of the Thuilleres so warm, that we sit with the windows open, the glass 70 in the shade. Mary Anne has entirely recovered, & I think I never saw her looking so 2 Probably Charles Candy of Candy & Co, Watling Street. In 1843 ^e was t]"ed anc* found guilty of defrauding Customs for importing in 1840 a large quantity of silk from France without paying duty. He was assessed damages of £6,000. He frequently took his wife and family with him on buying trips to France. The Times (16, 17 May 1843). See a^so D>s reference to him in his speech in the Customs Debate on 16 March 1846. Hansard LXXXIV col 3 Curiosities of Literature, 'an entirely new farce' by Dion Boucicault, was first performed at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, on 24 September, as part of a bill including two other plays. The Times (24 Sept 1842); Nicoll vi 102. The subject was 'the blunders of a gentleman who believes that he is transacting the business of a matrimonial agency company, while in fact he is deeply engaged in Downing-street diplomacy.' MC (26 Sept 1842). The title comes from the situation of its hero, one William Shakespeare Dibbs, a struggling author, who is seeking to make ends meet by getting himself made secretary of the Anti-Matrimonial-Double-Action-Non-Population-Society. MP (26 Sept 1842). 4 Ralph was apparently travelling on the continent at this time, where his path may have been crossed by that of the King of Prussia, who was at Cologne in early September to lay the cornerstone for a new cathedral. The King was scheduled to have held a review on 12 September for the 8th corps of the Prussian army, assembled at Briihl (10 miles from Cologne). This was one of a series of reviews, and the one held at Bonn earlier in the month is described in The Times on 26 September 1842: 'Nothing could exceed the hospitable attentions paid by the King of Prussia to the foreign officers, but particularly the British, who visited Bonn for the purpose of being present at the review.' The Times (26 Aug, 19, 20, 26 Sept 1842); MP (17 Sept 1842). Wilhelm Osten (d 1852), KH 1823, major in the i6th lancers 1827, a general in the Hanoverian service, was a well-known frequenter of the St James's Street clubs. Boase; A. Hayward ed Diaries of a Lady of Quality (1864) 276-7.

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well. We have found agreeable acquaintance in the de Grammont family. The Duchess Count D'Orsay's sister 1 & like him in petticoats. She receives three times a week, & the few people in Paris may be found in her little house in the Faubourg St Honore,2 crammed with pretty furniture, old cabinets & pictures of the de Grammonts. The Due as well as his spouse extremely good looking & brother of Lady Tankerville who we also find here & who is very kind to us. She / is staying with Marshal Sebastiani who married her sister, recently dead.3 The Duke, when Due de Guiche was an officer in our loth Hussars, in the days of Ld Worcester, Pembroke & Geo: Wombwell.4 One of his three sons, the Vicomte de Grammont5 is with them & their two daughters & on the point of coming out, & the first considered very pretty & celebrated in the novels of Eugene Sue, the only litterateur admitted into fashionable society here - the rest are savages.6 We see these Madlls de Grammont in the evening, where they are trying their wings, previous to a formal debut, & kiss their mother at 10 o'ck: & go to bed. Of English, here are the Adrian Hopes who arrived from Normandy yesterday, Henry Hope who has been here as long as ourselves, George Smythe, Cochrane, Ld. Pembroke; Antony de Rothschilds, Mrs. Montefiore. Antony succeeds the Duke of Orleans7 in his patronage of the turf & gives costly cups to the course wh: his horses always win. 8 / Through Goldsmith9 I have made the acquaintance of 1 D'Orsay's sister Anne Quintina Albertini (1802-1882), known as Ida, in 1818 had married Antoine Heraclius Genevieve, due de Gramont (or Grammont). D'Orsay had given MA a letter of introduction to her on 30 August 1842. Connely 13, 100; Morrison 62; H D/m/c/6oo. D will later in Coningsby (bk vi ch i) describe the de Gramont household in glowing terms. 2 D in a later autobiographical note called this 'the modish quarter' of Paris. H A/X/A/IO (DR 21). See also Coningsby bk v ch 7. 3 Comte Frangois Horace Bastien Sebastiani de la Porta (1772-1851), one of Napoleon's generals, a supporter after 1830 of Louis Philippe, ambassador to London 1835-40, marshal of France 1840, had married Aglae Angelique Gabrielle (d 1842), widow of General Demidoff, and sister of the due de Gramont and of Lady Tankerville. She had died on 21 February. AR (1842) app 254; Madden n 473; M (24 Feb 1842). 4 The 7th Duke of Beaufort when Marquess of Worcester had been a lieutenant in the loth Hussars from 1811; George Wombwell had served with the regiment 1811-14; the due de Gramont had been a captain with the regiment from 1809. Lord Pembroke does not appear on the lists of the loth Hussars during the relevant period. Army List 1810-15. 5 The third son, Alfred Onerius Theophile (b 1829), was actually the comte de Gramont. 6 The daughters were Antonia Armandine Aglae de Gramont (b 1826) and Antonia Gabrielle Leontine de Gramont (b 1829). Madden n 473, citing AG (1854). MP of 24 September 1842 had similarly observed: Amongst the literary men in Paris, Monsieur Eugene Sue is, perhaps, the man who has managed to establish himself with most eclat in circles of high fashion ... [this success] has somewhat intoxicated the gentleman.' In a later autobiographical note D recalls attending in Paris in 1842 a poetryreading at a supper in an unfurnished 'gigantic artists studio' at which he met Sue, Soulie, Balzac, Dumas (pere), Dumas (fits) and Ponsard, who read his Lucrece. H A/x/A/36 (DR 67). 7 Ferdinand Philippe Louis Charles Henri Rosolin (1810-1842), due d'Orleans, eldest son and heir to the throne of Louis Philippe, had died on 13 July 1842 as the result of a carriage accident. 8 Judging from reports of various French races and a summary of the French racing season, this is not much of an exaggeration. However, the due de Nemours, who had inherited d'Orleans's stable, did not allow any of his horses to run during the season as a mark of respect for d'Orleans's death. MP (22, 24 Oct, 8 Nov 1842); The Times (18 Oct 1842). 9 Lewis Goldsmith (i763?-i846), a political writer and journalist, was Lady Lyndhurst's father. He had worked for Napoleon on confidential missions, but later attacked him in his writings. He lived in Paris from 1825 unt ^ his death. 'Old Goldsmith more than once told me,' D later recorded, 'that when he received a message from the 1st Buonaparte to attend him at the Thuil. [sic] it always gave him a stomachache, & sometimes brought on diarrhoea.' H A/x/A/14 (DR 18).

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Mauguin 10 whom I see much of & like, & Odilon Barrot the leader of the opposition11 called on me yesterday. Thiers is in the country 12 as well as almost every other leading man, but they will soon cluster in. He frequents the salon of the Duchess, & seems in favor with the Carlists - here also I shall find Berryer. 13 Goldsmith gave us a grand banquet, & good company in the Swedish & Spanish ministers,14 Cintrat, the U[nder] Secretary] for Foreign Affairs,15 Mauguin, & other diplomats - they all talked at the same time, shouted & gesticulated, the noise Neapolitan, & the salle a manger being very small, & there being fourteen bougies alit on the table, independent of several sidelamps, the effect was overwhelming. Mary Anne & myself have taken advantage of the fine weather to visit several places wh: I had never seen, Pere la Chaise16 & all that; & yesterday we made with Smythe a charming pilgrimage to the Luxembourg. I have received one letter from you dated 2Qth. Septr. Please on reflection to write to Drummonds by my request to pay the Insurance on the Bath House.17 Mary Anne sends her love. Smythe & Cochrane dined with us / yesterday. We have a cuisiniere bourgeois, very pretty. Mary Anne begs you not to have any stays made till she comes home, as she can give you valuable information thereon. How is the traveller Ralph? Write to Drummonds as soon as possible. We meet at the De Grammonts, Princes de Beaufremont, 18 Counts de Chambeilan,19 Duchesses de Marmier. 20 What names! But where are the ter10 Francois Mauguin (1785-1854), elected deputy 1827, active until 1848, retired after the 1851 coup d'etat. Dino i. 11 Camille Hyacinthe Odilon Barrot (1791-1873) had taken an active part in the 1830 revolution. A lifelong advocate of constitutional monarchy, he was the leader under Louis Philippe of the dynastic left. Dino i; Greville iv 32ini; Memoires posthwnes de Odilon Barrot (1875-6). 12 He was apparently at Lille, writing a book on the 'History of the Consulate and Empire', but was to return to Paris by 3 November. MP (18 Oct, 5 Nov 1842). 13 Antoine Pierre Berryer (1790-1868), a barrister and well-known orator, was a legitimist who opposed the government of Louis Philippe. He had defended Louis Napoleon after his attempted invasion of France in 1840. See (VOL in) 108^3. He retired from politics in 1852, and was elected to the Academy in 1854. At this time, however, D probably did not meet him, as he was detained at his villa by the serious illness of his son, his only child. MP (26 Oct 1842); Greville in 337^. 14 Gustave Charles Frederic, comte de Loewenhielm (1771-1856) was Swedish minister plenipotentiary at Paris 1818-56. AG (1842); Larousse. Although Salustiano de Olozaga (1805-1873) was Spanish ambassador at Paris 1840-3, 1854-5, he may not have been in Paris at this time. It was later reported that Spain's sole representative in Paris at this time was the charge-d'affaires, Chevalier Hernandez. The Times (14, 19, 23 Nov, 26 Dec 1842). 15 Pierre Cintrat (b 1793) was at this time one of the under-secretaries for foreign affairs. In 1849 he was to leave politics to become archivist to the ministry. AN (1842); DBF vm. 16 A garden cemetery (named after Louis xiv's confessor) in which many of France's national figures are buried. 17 See i236&m. 18 Presumably one or more of the following: Prince Alphonse Charles Jean (1792-1860), due de Bauffremont, aide-de-camp to Murat during the Russian campaign, appointed to the senate 1852; and his two sons: Prince Roger Alexandre Jean de Bauffremont (b 1823), and Prince Paul Antoine Jean Charles de Bauffremont (b 1827). AG (1842). See further 1265. 19 No person bearing this title in 1842 has been found. The office of Grand Chamberlain at the French court had been suppressed by Louis Philippe and was not re-established until the 2nd Empire. The MS is unusually clear on this name. 20 Presumably the wife of Alfred Etienne Philippe Ferdinand, due de Marmier, a monarchist politician. Larousse. Duchesse de Marmier was one of the Queen's Ladies. AN (1842).

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ritories? There are only 100 men in France who have io,ooo£ pr ann: Henry Hope & de Rothschild cd. buy them all.21 Love to my parents & all D TO: SARAH DIS

nday] 7 November 1842

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/279 COVER: AMadlle. 1/8 I Mademoiselle Disraeli I Bradenham, I High Wycombe, I Angleterre I D. I [at right angles:] Angleterre POSTMARK: (i) In double circle: PARIS I [illegible] ^[illegible] (2) In circle: K I gNog I 1842 (3) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:] NOIO I 1842 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 182-3, dated 9 November 1842, altered extracts; M&B H 148, dated November 1842, extracts EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Bayleys; frenchmen; Lamartin; Odillon; Rogier; Tyrell.

My dear Sa, Novr. 7 1842 We must thank you very much for your two letters 22nd. Sept & ist. Novr.1 wh: are full of interesting details. As to business first; Bayleys affair has probably by this time settled itself. We drew, or rather Mary Anne as Ex[ecu]trix for the amount of some shares unsold & of wh: the sale was to have been completed long before his acceptance became due. He appears howr. not to have met it, but he is very much lie with the Gloucester Bank, & I make no doubt the affair will settle itself. The arrangement at his own suggestion was effected for our convenience, in order to wind up the estate before we went abroad. Margaret must have her wages, wh: are very small in amount - but not James as he was paid up until our departure. We are here on the whole much amused, but our English friends have almost all departed, & the illness, serious, of the Duke de Grammont, a coup d'apoplexie,2 has stopped all our agreeable re-unions / at his house, & deprived us of the many pleasant acquaintances we shd have made. Nothing cd be more unfortunate. We dined with Lord & Lady Cowley3 ten days ago & 21 Cf Coningsby (bk v ch 7): 'In England when a new character appears in our circles, the first question always is, "Who is he?" In France it is, "What is he?" In England, "How much ayear?" In France, "What has he done?"' 1 The letter of 22 September seems not to have survived. In her letter of i November Sarah had reported the arrival at Bradenham of a letter from Mr Moffat, manager of the County of Gloucester Bank, to inform MA that a note of Thomas Bailey's had not been paid, and asking for the amount less £50 already paid in. She also reported that she had sent on the letter to Bailey, and written a note to Moffat. She mentioned that she and Isaac were going to London to see Mr Tyrrell (who had earlier operated on Isaac's eyes) 'for our last visit I hope'. She finally told of an attempted burglary at Bradenham on Harman's house: 'but he & his ... daughters shrieked so loud that we heard them up at the House, & the thieves made off.' H A/i/B/622-3- The Bailey business had to do with the Shrewsbury and Gloucester petitions arrangement, D having apparently used MA'S newly inherited property in Gloucester and Bath to raise money to pay John Lovegrove. See I24o&m. H A/iv/E/2-42 'Timely assistance' had apparently saved the due de Gramont from a 'fit of apoplexy', so that by this time he was considered to be quite out of danger. MP (4 Nov 1842). 3 Henry Wellesley (1773-1847), ist Baron Cowley, in 1816 had married secondly Georgiana Charlotte Augusta Cecil (1786-1860), eldest daughter of ist Marquess of Salisbury. Lord Cowley, the Duke of Wellington's youngest brother, was MP for Truro 1795, for Eye 1807-9, ambassador to Spain 1811-22, to Austria 1823-31, and to France 1835, 1841-6. Their daughter, Georgiana Charlotte Mary (1817-1878), was in 1848 to marry Henry Bulwer.

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met a very pleasant dinner - Ld. Pembroke, Lady Aldboro',4 Henry Bulwer, the Lawrence Peels, some attaches Greville, Heneage5 &c. The ambassador is very like the Duke of W[ellingto]n but much taller - Lady Cowley with the most polished & yet natural manners you can imagine, very well informed & rather clever - Miss Wellesley not so much so, but lively. Paris is very empty of notables, tho' some few are stealing in. The season will be late & sombre, owing to the death of the Prince Royal,6 & the consequent autumn meeting of the chambers wh: will not now re-assemble until the middle of Jany. I heard yesterday however that Thiers had just returned. We past the evening / at Mad [am] e Baudrands, the wife of the Genl. & aide de camp of the King & friend. She's an English woman & young enough to be the Genls: daughter who is howr. very polished & pleasing.7 We met also her friend, Miss Tennyson D'Eyncourt,8who remembered dining with me 7 or 8 years before at Bulwers. Many frenchmen have English wives, Mad [am] e Lamartin,9 Odillon Barrot,10 De Tocqueville. " The young Prince Rogier de Beauffremont who called here yesterday, & very handsome we rather like. MA. has a good story to tell you about his English. I have not ventured to ask about my father, but your mentioning a visit to town & Tyrell12 re-animates us. Pray give us news hereon. We went to see Dejazet13 & I was much disappointed & disgusted MA. had seen her before. She is hideous, & no ability can compensate for such a physique - nor has she grace. But the Parisians are still enthusiastic in her favor. She produced I suppose the same effect on me as Vestris on the 4 Probably the Dowager Countess of Aldborough, who would die in Paris in 1845; though possibly the current Countess. The 5th Earl of Aldborough in 1804 had married Cornelia Jane Tandy, eldest daughter of Charles Henry Tandy. Lodge (1847) notes that the Earl at that time was disowning the marriage. 5 The diarist's brother Henry William Greville (1801-1872) was an attache to the embassy in Paris 1834-44. Windsor Fieschi Heneage (d 1853), grandson on his mother's side of ist Earl of Yarborough, was attached to the British Embassy in Paris 1841-9. AN (1842). 6 See 1264117. 'When I was in Paris 1842,' D later recorded, 'the Court was slowly recovering from the death of the D. of Orleans. The King, however, was full of confidence in himself & in his dynasty. He dwelt on the resemblance of the position of Willm: 3rd. of England & himself. He had this additional advantage: children.' H A/x/A/g. 7 Marie Etienne Francois (1774-1848), comte de Baudrand, a general who had served under the Republic, had become a peer of France under Louis Philippe, and had been appointed governor to his youngest son, the comte de Paris, in 1837. D later described him as 'a man who had risen from the ranks, I believe, but a natural nobleman - a man of the highest moral tone as well as social breeding.' H A/X/A/II (DR 17). Madame Baudrand (d 1856), daughter of the baronne de Charluz but described as 'a lady of English descent' who in her later letters to MA signed herself 'Sophie', in 1850 was to marry the painter Ary Scheffer. H D/m/c/4iff; DBF v; Mrs Grote Memoir of the Life of Ary Scheffer (1860) 90,113. 8 Julia Frances Tennyson-D'Eyncourt (d 1879), niece of the poet. She became a nun in 1852. 9 Alphonse de Lamartine, the poet, historian and statesman, in 1820 had married Marianne Eliza Birch (d 1863), elder daughter of Col William Henry Birch. Rene Doumic 'Le Mariage de Lamartine' Revue des Deux Mondes, Ser n Vol 28 (1905) 829; W Fortescue Alphonse de Lamartine (London 1983) 54. 10 Odilon Barrot in fact in 1822 had married a French woman, Mile Desfossez. D may have confused the wives of the brothers Odilon and Adolphe Barrot. See 12726015. 11 Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 had married Mary Mottley (£1800-1864), daughter of George Mottley and Mary Martin. Andre Jardin Alexis de Tocqueville 1805-1859 (Paris 1984) 50-3. 12 See m. Frederick Tyrrell (1793-1843), member of the College of Surgeons 1816, of its council 1838, had published Diseases of the Eyes in 1840. He is listed at 8 Chatham Place, Blackfriars. Robson's Guide (1840). 13 Pauline Virginie Dejazet (1798-1875), a French actress famous for her playing of male roles.

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Americans.14 Do tell us about the Brighton director15 - our curiosity is much piqued. The Bradenham burglary must have been very exciting. / Great revolution in caps & bonnets. MA. says worn short at the ears & over the forehead. No change as yet in dresses. She has been to all the firstrate modistes; except rather longer waisted. The Cardinal capes are universal. MA. has got some new dishes in store for my mother. We have a cook whose name is Melanie & very pretty. Beaumont16 we like extremely. Give all our loves to all, & write to Youraffec I D 17. TO: GENERAL BAU

e 1'Europe [Paris, Tuesday] 15 November 1842

ORIGINAL: H B/n/io8 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed by MA on the last, blank, page of the MS: 'Copy - & sent to General Baudrand'. There is another, fair, copy in another hand. H B/n/iia. Sic: exagerated. PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL

To I The General Baudrand Hotel de 1'Europe I Novr. 15. 1842. Mr. le General, In deference to your suggestion, I saw Lord Cowley this morning. The result was as expressed nearly a month ago to my friend, Mr. Bulwer. Lord Cowley said, that both from our acquaintance, & the letters he had received from members of the English Cabinet, he was anxious, in every way, to meet my wishes, but the present request was one absolutely not in his power to gratify; that I should / be the first person presented to his Majesty when presentations commenced; but until then he could not presume to intrude on the privacy of the King. Of course, it was not in my power to press His Excellency on the subject; particularly as I could not give a single reason of urgency for the solicited distinction. I had wished to have enjoyed that favor because, before I quitted Paris, I desired to lay before his Majesty some facts respecting the state of parties & the disposition of power in our Parliament, the importance of / which I think cannot be exagerated; which in truth cannot be entrusted either to French Ministers or to English Ambassadors; but which, if properly appreciated, might have exercised an important & immediate influence on the lasting policy of the two 14 Madame Vestris had not been well received in New York when she and Charles James Mathews performed there after their marriage in 1838. Apparently her manner, her age, and the fact that she was known to play male roles (although she didn't do so on this tour) were factors that contributed to the failure. Clifford John Williams Madame Vestris - a theatrical biography (1973) 131-40. 15 See m. Sarah must have made this reference in the letter that has not survived. In a subsequent letter (i December 1842) she replied: 'I thought Mary Anne's curiosity would be piqued about "the Brighton Director" - but I cannot tell you any more, as I only heard as much as I did by chance, & believe it was much too bad for ladies' ears.' H A/i/B/623- The 'Director' was MA'S old suitor 'Th Superlative' (George Beauclerk) who had tried to borrow money from her. H D/n/B/3oa-c. Cf izzG&ng. 16 Gustave Auguste de Beaumont de la Bonniniere (1802-1866), deputy for Sarthe 1839, member of the Academy 1841. He voted with the dynastic left. He was ambassador to London 1848, and to Vienna. With de Tocqueville he had written Systeme Penitentiaire aux Etats-Unis (1833); he later edited de Tocqueville's posthumously published work and his correspondence. His Ireland: Social, Political and Religious had been published in England on 4 February. MC (4 Feb 1842). 17 MA has added a note at the end: 'Dizzy is quite well and so am I. M Buchon, a literary friend of ours, tells us as a great secret that the Gallomania was written by Scott ... Dis. goes to M. Thiers tomorrow by particular request.'

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1266

countries. I should grieve to hear that circumstances render this communication impossible; but whatever may be the result, I shall ever entertain a lively sense of the zeal & courtesy with which you have endeavoured to advance this object.l I have the honor to remain, I M. le General, I with great consideration, your faithful Servant, I B Disraeli I Member of the British Parliament

1267

TO: COMTE ALFRED DE CHAB

tel de 1'Europe, Par [Friday] 18 November 1842

ORIGINAL: UCLA [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: D has added a note in the top left corner of the first page: Trevenue pour Lundi 21 Novr a nh 1/2, du matin a St. Cloud I Dis'. In another hand on the first page of the MS: 'prendre les ordres du Roi qui a deja etc prevenu par M. le General Baudrand de la dimanche de M. d'Israeli. 19 Novre. A de Chabannes'. There is also a copy (marked 'Copie') of this letter in H, endorsed by MA: 'Copies sent to Genl Baudrand'. H 8/11/105. This letter is an exact transcription (except for copying errors) of the draft supplied by Gen Baudrand. See 1266m. Sic: asses; cy joint.

Paris le 18 novr. 1842 I Hotel de 1'Europe, Rue Rivoli A Monsieur I EAide de Camp de Service ] Monsieur, Je vous prie de vouloir bien mettre sous les yeux du Roi la demande respectueuse que je prends la liberte de lui adresser, pour que sa Majeste soit asses bonne poura [pour] m'accorder une audience. J'ai / bien d'esperer, que le Roi sera assez bienveillant pour m'accorder cette faveur, d'apres ce que m'a dit Mr. Le General Baudrand, ir. Aide de Camp du Prince Royal. Si sa Majeste veut bien jeter un regard sur le billet cy joint, adresse par Mr Bulwer Secretaire de 1'ambassade britannique, a Mr. le General, elle verra que Lord Cowley ne / voit pas d'inconvenient a 1'honneur que le Roi voudra bien me faire. Recevez, Monsieur, 1'assurance I de ma haute consideration I Disraeli Membre du Parlement Anglais

1268

TO: SARAH DISR

nday [21] November 1842

ORIGINAL: BEA [RI-IQ] COVER: A Mademoiselle I Mademoiselle Disraeli, I Bradenham I High Wycomb, I Angleterre I [at right angles:} ANGLETERRE I [endorsed in another hand:} Thursday Nov 22 (or nearly) 1842 POSTMARK: (i) In circle: v I [.^Nof?] I 1842 (2) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:] 14025 ' J^42 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 184-6, dated 23 November 1842, a slightly altered version with omissions; M&B H 148-50, dated 22 November 1842, omitting the first and last sentences. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: (cover) Wycomb; Waleski; Cabool; Bertin de Vaux.

1 General Baudrand replied in French on 18 November, advising D to make his request to the King's aide-de-camp at St Cloud by means of a letter. He supplied a draft of one for D to imitate. H 8/11/106-7. See 1267. There is also an undated letter from Henry Bulwer to D, saying that he has talked to Lord Cowley about St Cloud, and has arranged for D to go, to be presented by Gen Baudrand. H B/XXI/B/I2941 Comte Alfred de Chabannes La Palice (1799-1868) had been promoted to brigadier and appointed aide-de-camp to Louis Philippe in 1840. Dino i.

64

My dear Sa, M[onda]y 1 We received two days back Martins letter & as it did not contain any line from you, conclude all is well. I have seen a good many persons since I wrote last. I think I was then on the eve of paying a visit to Thiers, whom I found in a very handsome house, & in his cabinet, or sanctum, a long gallery room, full of works of art; at the end his desks & tables covered with his materials, maps & books & papers for the life of Napoleon or rather the history of the Consulate & Empire. I stayed with him two hours - a very little man but well proportioned, not dwarfish, with a face full of intelligence & an eye full of fire.2 Mad [am] e Thiers3 receiving every evening, Mary Anne & myself paid our respects to her, a few nights after. We met there / Mignet,4 Count Waleski,5 the son of Napoleon, whom we knew before & others. Thiers paid MA. the greatest courtesy & attended her to her carriage. Mad[am]e. Thiers pretty; her mother Mad[am]e Dosne there. I believe the house which is very handsome belongs to Monsr. Dosne, the father in law.6 Next day to the Sorbonne where I paid a visit to the celebrated Cousin, late Min[iste]r of Instruction & now Dean of the University7 - great power of elocution - he delivered me a lecture which lasted an hour & a half; very perspicuous & precise - dogmatic but not a pedant. I have seen also the great Dupin who is rich & lives in a very handsome hotel; his brother Charles a pair of France;8 & I also made a visit to the Prince of Journalists, M. Bertin de Vaux; / an ox who lives in a fat pasture manured by others. He dwells in a fine hotel, & lives like a noble - indeed few have such a rich estate as the journal des 1 Sarah's next letter, on 1 December, explained: 'We received the other day a circular about a Joint Stock East India Bank which was accompanied by a curious statistical pamphlet signed Montgomery Martin, explaining the successes of all such Banks & the vast wants and capabilities of India.' H A/i/B/623- Sarah may have forwarded Martin's material under separate cover immediately. 2 D would later recall the impression Thiers made on him in 1842, as looking and chattering 'like a little journalist; a monkey, but wonderfully sharp & self-complacent & clever.' H A/x/A/g (DR 21). 3 Thiers in 1833 had married Eulalie Elise Dosne (1818-1880), a wealthy heiress. Dino i; DBF xi. 4 Francois Auguste Alexis Mignet (1796-1884), an historian; director of the archives of the foreign office 1830-48, member of the academy 1836, permanent secretary of the academy of moral sciences 1837. His Histoire de la revolution frangaise (1824) had been used by D in writing The Revolutionary Epick: see (VOL i) 332&n2. 5 Comte Alexandre Florian Joseph Colonna Walewski (1810-1868), natural son of Napoleon i and Marie, Countess Walewska, had become a naturalized Frenchman in 1832 and had been in the diplomatic service since 1840. He was to be ambassador to Britain 1851-5, foreign minister 1855-60, minister of state 1860-63, president of the legislature 1865-8. He had been a Polish envoy to Britain in 1831. Greville H io6n2, 324ni. 6 Alexis Andre Dosne (1781-1849), a wealthy stockbroker, receiver-general at Brest 1830, at Lille 1834, in 1811 had married Sophie Eurydice Matheron (1794-1869), daughter of Antoine Matheron, a cloth merchant. She became an 'Egeria' to Thiers, who consulted her on all matters, including political. Dino i, ii; DBF xi. 7 Victor Cousin (1792-1867) was a professor of modern philosophy at the Sorbonne 1828-51; he had been created a peer of France in 1832, and appointed minister of public instruction under Thiers in 1840. He was considered to be the most influential philosopher among the cultivated classes in France during Louis Philippe's reign, and radically re-organized primary instruction in France. 8 Andre Marie Jean Jacques Dupin (1783-1865), a magistrate, statesman and writer of legal works, president of the Chamber of Deputies 1832-40, had taken an active part in the election of Louis Philippe as King. His brother Francois Pierre Charles, Baron Dupin (1784-1873), author of Voyages dans la Grande Bretagne (1820-24), had been made a peer in 1837.

65

Debats. 9 Yesterday however was my most distinguished visit - like a skilful general I kept my great gun for the last. On Sunday night I received a letter from the royal aide-de camp in service to inform me that the King wo[ul]d receive me in a private audience at St Cloud on the morrow at 1/2 past eleven. I was with his Maj[est]y nearly two hours alone; the conversation solely political, but of the most unreserved & interesting kind. He was frank, courteous & kind. In taking my leave wh: of course I cd. not do until he arose, he said he hoped my visit to St Cloud had made as favorable an impression on me as mine had on him; that he hoped to see me in the evening at the Palace when he shd have the pleasure of presenting me to the Queen.10 There is no court of any kind at this moment & therefore we cannot be presented, & we hear that the poor Queen is still dreadfully depressed. After my audience had concluded, General Baudrand whom I rejoined / in the anti-chamber took me over the palace. But I cannot now attempt to give you the faintest idea of its splendour & beauty. The pages, courtiers equerries were all in the deepest mourning. I went in my usual morning costume. I ought to tell you that while, previous to the Audience, I was sitting in the chamber of the Aide de camps, one of the courtiers brought me from the King by his Majesty's express order a despatch just received & wh: he had not himself read, containing the news of the conquest of Cabool & the release of the prisoners.11 His Maj[est]y sd aft[erwar]ds he was happy that our meeting took place on a day, wh: had brought such good news for / England.12 Be very particular & minute in yr information about my fathers eyes. Scarcely a day passes, with[ou]t some enquiry being made after him here, especially by the homme de lettres. His works are universally known here, & Buchon,13 St. Beuve,14 Bertin de Vaux, Philarete Chasles15 &c. are familiar with every page he has written. MA sends her love. We are both quite well. E[ve]r affec[tionatel]y yrs I D 9 The. Journal dated 20 January 1845, omitting the 2nd paragraph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: The LBCS date is plausible. See nm&2. Sic: Wednesday.

You have heard of our sudden expedition to Stowe, and its brilliant success; Her Majesty, Peel, Aberdeen, and all equally distinguishing us by their courtesy. The whole scene sumptuous and a great success for the Duke.1 The Wednesday before I kept my engagement at Stationers' Hall, where I sat on the right hand of the master, and had to make a speech, which was rather ridiculous, as there were only thirty or forty citizens, grubbing like boys, a table of delicacies; but I seemed to please them, and all came up to be presented in turn to the great man. 2 Most present were of the time of the first red sandstone, and before Mercury or Venus were created. 'Vestiges of Natural History of Creation,' one small volume, is convulsing the world, anonymous, and from an unknown publisher; 3,000 copies have already been sold, and it will soon form an epoch.3 Russia, by Prince Petr Vladimirovich Dolgorukov (1816-1868), had been published at Paris in 1843. His name is rendered as 'Paul Dolgorouky' in the English translation of 1858, which describes the Cancrins as descended from 'a Hessian Jew' (131-2). For D'S meeting with Baron von Arnim see 12696016. On Sidonia's heritage see Coningsby bk iv ch 10. For D'S claim to being a descendant fro. the Portuguese family of Villa Real see Blake 3-7. On D'S later views on the Sarmatian Jews' ori gins see his LGB ch 10. 1 The Queen and Prince Albert had visited Stowe from 15 to 18 January. Although, according to Sarah, the Queen was to pay £2,000 toward the cost of the escort by the 4OO-strong Bucks Yeomanry Corps, the elaborate preparations and lavish entertainments precipitated the financial collapse of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. MA'S letter to Sarah of 19 January had provided a full account of the events following from the DS' last-minute decision to accept the invitation to Stowe for Friday evening, 17 January. The first part of the evening had been just like 'a Drawing room, we making our courtesys & bows. Soon after eleven her Majesty retired, & then all became joy & triumph to us. First Sir R Peel came towards us, shaking hands most cordially & remained talking for some time, then Ld Nugent introducing his lady. - Col. Anson - Sir James Graham - Ld & Lady de LaWare - Ld Aberdeen - the Duke almost embraced Dizzy, saying he was one of his oldest friends ... the Duchess ... told me that Her Majesty had pointed out Dizzy saying theres Mr Disraeli ... what did she say besides, we shall never know, it must have been something agreable as all the Court were so courteous ... her Majesty ... almost paused to look at mine own, who was in his best looks, in shorts, which nearly all the men were dressed in, black coats, white waistcoats & cravats.' The rest of the letter told of MA'S tour of the Royal apartment, where she had learned that the Royal couple slept 'without pillows or bolster' and of how, at the railway station, MA had learned from the 'head woman' that the purpose of 'a large red curtain was ... to hang across the stair case, when her Majesty went to the Cabinet. On her return the Queen askd the woman, Where the Prince could go but there was no second convenience! H 0/111^/49,76,6093,610; MP (13-18, 20 Jan 1845). See also Hardwick 132-3. For evidence that the Queen's visit to Stowe was the occasion on which changes in the corn law were planned see 1453™. 2 There is an entry in the Stationers' Company minutes for 17 December 1844 of a resolution that the Master and Wardens be requested to send invitations to a list of thirteen gentlemen (including D) to dine with the Court of Assistants on Tuesday 14 January 1845. Robin Myers ed Records of the Stationers' Company (microfilm) Part Three: Waste Books, Draft Minutes. Reel 51, Film No 8520. The Master of the Company at this time was Richard Bate, stationer of Cornhill. No report of the event at Stationers' Hall has been found. 3 Robert Chambers (1802-1871), author, geologist, and member of the family publishing firm, had published, with great care to preserve the anonymity of the author and publisher, his famous work of

154

TO: LORD LANSDOWN

Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 25 January 1845

ORIGINAL: BWH [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: The following text is based on a transcription of the MS which has not been checked by the editors. Sic: whether there were.

confidentialll Grosvenor Gate I Jan. 25. 1845 My Lord, In a work, wh[ich] now engages my attention, I have occasion again to notice the character of your eminent / father and again to regret the meagre materials we possess respecting him. There are two points on wh[ich] I particularly desire information and I have thought myself / not entirely unauthorised in thus applying to you. 1. Was Lord Shelburne personally acquainted with the father of his first wife? And if so, are you aware, whether there were / any political intimacy between him and Lord Carteret? 2. Was Lord Shelburne acquainted, or intimate, with the second Pitt before Lord Shelburne / made him Chancellor of the Exchequer?' I will not apologise for this intrusion: if the peculiar circumstances, wh[ich] I hope justify it, did not exist, you, yourself a distinguished actor in political history, could not be insensible to the reputation of a great statesman.. I have the / honor, My Lord, with great admiration, to remain Your faithf[u]l Serf van] t I B. Disraeli deistic evolutionism, Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844). MA in a letter to Sarah of 19 January 1845 mentions first receiving it: 'Dizzy says it does & will cause the greatest possible sensation & confusion.' H D/in/A/Soga.Sio. In Tancred (bk n ch 9), Lady Constance recommends '"The Revelations of Chaos"' to Tancred as the book that '"explains everything ... by geology and astronomy ... all is development ... we were fishes, and I believe we shall be crows ... We are a link in the chain, as inferior animals were that preceded us: we in turn shall be inferior; all that will remain of us will be some relics in a new red sandstone."' 1 The 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne was the second son (only child of the second marriage) of Sir William Petty (1737-1805), after 1761 and Earl of Shelburne, after 1784 ist Marquess of Lansdowne, office-holder under Grenville 1763, under Chatham 1766-8, under Rockingham 1782, prime minister 1782-3, responsible for the peace settlement in 1783; a Chathamite; an intellectual reformer but, like the elder Pitt, opposed to party; unpopular among party politicians; patron of the fine arts and of Jeremy Bentham and others; a disciple of Adam Smith. In 1765 he had married Lady Sophia Carteret (d 1771), sixth daughter of John Carteret (1690-1763), after 1695 2nd Baron Carteret of Hawnes, after 1744 ist Earl Granville, the brilliant but unpopular Hanoverian politician and diplomat; in office 1721-4, 1742-4, 1761-63, lord lieutenant of Ireland 1724-30, leading opponent of Walpole 1730-42. 'The second Pitt' had become chancellor of the exchequer under Shelburne on Rockingham's death in 1782. Lord Lansdowne answered D'S letter on 29 January 1847 (see M&B n 301-2), pointing out that Granville had died two years before Shelburne had married his daughter, and that Shelburne had been too young for any familiarity with Granville, although he knew much about him. He said that Shelburne had known Pitt from his boyhood, and was sure Pitt had visited Bowood House. Lansdowne concluded by offering his assistance with any other points that might arise. H E/VI/P/I. In Sybil (bk i ch 3) D confines himself to saying that Shelburne was 'influenced probably by the example and the traditionary precepts of his eminent father-in-law.' See further i4O5&m. See also Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice Life o f . . . Shelburne ... i (1875) 38-40, 319, and introduction p xvi.

J

55

'39°

I390A

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAEL

[London, Saturday 25 January? 1845]

ORIGINAL: H A/I/A/SCH COVER: Mrs Disraeli I Grosvenor Gate I D EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed on the cover by MA: '1845'. Dating: contact between D and Smythe was particularly close in January and February 1845. Smythe accepted invitations to Grosvenor Gate for 25 and 27 January: since Pollington was not a guest on 27 January, 25 January seems likely. BE [1975,1980]; H ace. Sic: wine; quarre.

Darling wifie, 3 o'ck Pollington dines with us to day, & makes a partie quarre with Smythe at 7 o'ck: Thine own I D

W

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Thursday 6? February 1845].

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/287 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LEGS 204, dated 6 February 1845, witn minor alterations and omitting the last paragraph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand on the first page of the MS: 'Feby 6. 1845'. Dating: the context confirms the endorsed date within a day or two. Sic: affairs?

My dearest Sa, I write a line, very tired. Gladstone's address was involved & ineffective. 1 He may have an avenir but I hardly think it. With Stanley, G. & Follett, gone,2 Peel will have a weak Treasury Bench for / debate - but this is not the age of Non Confidence - & I don't see much trouble before him - tho' storms rise in Park, like squalls in the Medit[erranea]n - in a moment. Ld Campbell came to / me in the lobby to congratulate me on the great spread of Y.E. 3 & asked my opinion of affairs? I said I thought we were in the third year of the Walpole admin[istratio]n.4 He / looked rather blue. Cochrane is not up - ill with a fever: Milnes still at Berlin: J[ohn] M[anners] & Gfeorge] S[mythe] here & very hearty. 1 Parliament had opened on 4 February. In a lengthy and involved speech in the middle of the debate on the Address, Gladstone had tried to explain to the House why he had felt duty bound to resign from Peel's government, not because he was now opposed to its proposed increase of the Maynooth grant, but because it was contrary to views he had publicly expressed, before taking office, in his book The State in its Relation with the Church (1838). Hansard LXXVII cols 77-82. His scruples were incomprehensible to most of his hearers, but Cobden was more charitable than D when he whispered t a friend sitting near him, 'What a marvelous talent is this; here have I been sitting listening with pleasure for an hour to his explanation, and yet I know no more why he left the government than before he began.' Morley Gladstone i 276-8. See also Parker Peel HI 164. 2 Lord Stanley, unhappy with the misuse of his talents at the colonial office, in July 1844 had asked to be elevated to the Lords, and in September 1844 his wish had been granted when he was placed in his father's barony of Stanley of Bickerstaffe (heretofore his courtesy title only). Parker Peel in 154-9. Sir William Webb Follett, who had become attorney-general in 1844, was seriously ill and lived only until June 1845; ne was abroad at this time. On the effect of their departure see also Greville v 202. 3 See I378&n4 and 1379^5. 4 See iggoni. In 1723 Sir Robert Walpole (1676-1745) (after 1742 ist Earl of Orford), in the third year of his administration, had been intrigued against by Lord Carteret and others, from which time it was said Walpole resolved to keep brilliant men out of his administration. D liked the analogy so much he used it again in his 20 February speech on the letter-opening scandal: 'We are in the third year of a Walpolian Administration; for Gentlemen before me remain seventeen years of opposition, and for us the gratification of seventeen years of support.' Hansard LXXVII col 908.

I56

I am at p. 600 & 300 more will do it well, wh: allowing for chaps &c. makes a short 1000 - long eno'. Everyr I D TO: WILLIAM DA

.Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 8 February 1845

ORIGINAL: DSA [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: written on the back of the MS in Day's hand: 'Copy of Delegation of Power t Mr. Nficholls]. The power of Dele exercise of the power of Delegation does not infringe on the duty of the Com[missione]rs keeping minutes in full - unless the Delegation confers the power to act "as a Board".' This is a reference to the fourth section of the Poor Law Amendment Act (see Hansard LXXXV col 794): George Nicholls was the person who had written from the Poor Law Office on 12 January 1844 asking for Day's resignation (ibid cols 796-7). See m.

1392

Dear Day, Grosvenor Gate I Feb. 8.745 On Monday the loth: at three o'ck:, I shall be at your service, if agreeable to you.1 Yours ever flly I B Disraeli TO: HUGHES FRASER HALL.

.Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 10 February 1845

ORIGINAL: NYPL Montague [5] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Brittannic.

H.F. Halle Esq Grosvenor Gate I Feb. 10. 1845 Sir, Your letter of the 2nd. Dec., & the number of the Brittannic Censor,1 have only 1 William Day (£1798-1849), of Uckfield, Sussex, and Swan Hill House, Shrewsbury, was at this time one of D'S constituents. He had been appointed an assistant poor-law commissioner in the 18305 an. dismissed in January 1844 ostensibly because of five weeks of illness (a broken leg). The apparent arbitrariness of his dismissal was to lead to correspondence on the case being produced in the Commons on 21 April 1846. The Andover committee was to consider his case on 12 August 1846 and report that the commissioners had failed to justify Day's dismissal. Day's case was also to be a primary focus of debate on the Poor Law Administration Bill in May 1847, when D was to describe the case of the man who 'has no Friend in the House except myself ... Before I was Member for Shrewsbury, I had the honour of knowing Mr. Day [see (VOL i) 64™ and (VOL 11) 384^]. I knew him as a gentleman who was an excellent scholar, and who had no fault but that of being a Whig ... All that Mr. Day ever complained of was, that he was dismissed without reason assigned, and that he was dismissed not in a public or in an official manner.' The account goes on to tell the story of Day, a man with a modest estate who as a pamphleteer and model reformer in his own parish had gained the renown that led to his appointment. Because of it he had broken up his own establishment in Sussex and moved to Shrewsbury in order to devote his zealous attention to reforming poor relief in South Wales. It was in the course of performing his duties there that in 1843 he ^ac^ had his accident. Correspondence from Day in H shows that D took an active interest in his case, and, in expiation of the fact that Day never gained redress during his lifetime, was to offer Day's son, Charles Thomas Day, a clerkship in the National Debt Office in 1852. Hansard LXXXV cols 794-807, xcn 1160-1; H R/n/G/4,22, B/xxxi/D/50-i,54,55-6. Day had published An Inquiry into the Poor Laws and Surplus Labour, and their Mutual Reaction in 1832, several pamphlets related to his case (in 1844 and 1847) and one on The Corn Laws in 1846. He was to sell his library at Shrewsbury by auction 2-10 June 1845, according to NUC. 1 Hughes R.P. Fraser Halle (1808-1886), headmaster of South Lambeth Grammar School for 33 years, in 1844 had published the first and, as it turned out, only number of The Britannic Censor of European Philosophy. Boase.

'57

393

reached me within these few days; & the great arrear of correspondence / wh: awaited me in London, has prevented me having the honor, until this moment, of thanking you for your very obliging attention; of which, believe me, I am / very sensible. I have the honor to be, Sir, I Your faithful Ser[van]t, B. Disraeli

1394

TO: RICHARD WRIGH ORIGINAL: H A/v/B/iy

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 20 February 1845

COVER: Wait for answer I R.S. Wright Esqr I 15 Golden Square I B Disraeli

My dear Sir, Grosr. Gate I Feb: 20. 1845 We will call upon you to day at three o'ck: if you are disengaged at that hour.1 It must not be later than 1/2 past, as I am obliged to be early at the house.2 Yours f[aithfu]ll[y] I D

J

395

TO: ROBERT SHELTON MACKENZI

Grosvenor Gate [Wednesday] 26 February 1845

ORIGINAL: PHS Dreer 3 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Victorian Newsletter 31 (1967) 43-4 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: born.

Dr Mackenzie Grosvenor Gate I Feb. 26. 1845 Dear Sir, The signature to the document of the Lara Receipt of 1780 is that of my grandfather, who came over to England, I think in 1745. He laid / out a good deal of money in Government annuities, Tontines &c., & the Rachel Lara in question was his fathers sister. My grandfather's father was a Lara; the descendant / of one who emigrated from Spain to Italy at a remote period. He, (as well as his son,) vacillated for a length of time between Judaism & Catholicism; / but late in life he was touched with remorse, & invented & assumed the name of D'Israeli, wh: no other family of the Hebrew race have ever born, & wh: he believed would / serve as the indelible evidence of their origin. 1 The DS' appointment with Wright may have had something to do with business that led to a letter t Wright, Smith and Shepherd of 24 March 1845 from John S. Quance, the parish clerk of St Sidwell, written from the Devon and Exeter Institution and enclosing the register entry for MA'S baptism on 14 November 1792. H D/i/Misc/i,ia,ib. This would indicate that a life insurance policy on MA was being contemplated. 2 On this night D was to speak in the adjourned debate on the letter-opening scandal, using the speech as an occasion to poke fun at both Graham and Peel, while denying any hostility against the government in acting independently of it in this matter. He also made the (erroneous) charge that Bonham had been implicated in treasonous conspiracy in 1802. On 21 February Peel refuted the charge and D was forced to apologise for his 'trip' (see 1396) in the House, in a speech which Sarah described as 'very frank, graceful & dignified.' Peel also responded (unwisely) to D'S attack by quoting a version of the last line of the following passage from Canning's New Morality ('The Jacobin'):nd,. Give me the avowed, erect and manly foe; Firm I can meet, perhaps return the blow; But of all plagues, good Heaven, thy wrath can send, Save me, oh, save me, from the candid friend. (11 207-10) D on 28 February was to make devastating use of it against Peel. See further I3g6&n2. See also Hansard LXXVII cols 902-10, 999-1001, 1004-6, H D/in/A/45, Blake 184-5 anc^ introduction pp xxvxxvi.

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My father was his only child.1 It wd. really gratify me, after all yr. trouble to obtain for you his autograph, / but it is extremely difficult. Nothing will now induce him to touch a pen; the few letters I have ever received from him, do not bear his name; & at this moment, I could / not, for any consideration, put my hand on his signature.2 But you may rely upon it, I will bear your wish in mind. I write in great haste, / but I hope I have answered all your enquiries, & I have the honor to be, dear Sir, I Yours very faithfully I B Disraeli Sealing this letter about a subject about wh: I have not spoken to five persons in my life, but wh: yr. researches have so curiously revived, I remember my arms being noticed when I travelled as a / youth in Spain. I was not then aware that I bore the shield quarterings, as you will observe, of Castille & Leon - i.e. the shield of the House of Lara. 3 TO: SARAH DISRAEL

House of Commons [Monday 3 March 1845.]

ORIGINAL: BL ADD MS 37425 826-7 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 204-5, dated 21 March 1845, w^tn minormirrorr.. alterations; M&B n 318, dated 3 March 1845, with minor alterations EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: Endorsed (in another hand?): 'March 3. 1845.' The date 's confirmed bydaate is confirme by b,y context. Sic: lossed.

My d[eares]t Sa H of C. I 1/2 past 6 I much regretted I cd. not get out on Saty. to send you a line from myself as to the great scene in the Commons the night before, from wh: that respectable / assembly has not yet recov[ere]d & now it is I/Q past 6. There never was an instance of a trip being succeeded by such a leap: & the only thing I / have read wh: can give an idea of it is a sketch by Horace Waipole of a sudden ebullition by the Elder Pitt in a drowsy house.1 As for P. he was stunned & stupid - lossed his / head, & vacillating bet[wee]n silence and spleen, spoke much & weakly. Never was a greater failure! Assuring me that I had 1 For D'S ancestry see (VOL i) 4n2 and 32ni. On D'S mistaken belief about his connection to the Spa ish family of Lara see Ogden 5-6, Blake 5, 414 and references cited there. It was D'S greatgrandfather Isaac Israeli who had settled in Cento, Ferrara. D'S grandfather Benjamin D'Israeli had emigrated to England in 1748, and Isaac D'Israeli was the only child of his second marriage. There had been a daughter, Rachel (b ^1756), by Benjamin D'Israeli's first marriage, to Rebecca Furtado (d 1764), the sister-in-law of his business friend Aaron Lara. Rachel D'Israeli's first marriage had been to her cousin Aaron Lara (presumably his father's namesake). Thus the only Rachel Lara recorded in D'S family would seem to be his father's half-sister; no information on his great grandfather's sister has been found. 'The Lara Receipt of 1780' was presumably a document Mackenzie had come across in his historical researches, and may have been connected with the marriage of Aaron Lara to Rachel D'Israeli. See also Sidonia's wooing of 'the haughty Lara' in Alarcos n i, and Sidonia's 'cousin' Alonzo Lara, a 'Spanish prior', in Tancred bk n ch n. The Hughenden Library had a copy of Don Luis de Salazar y Castro Historia de la casa de Lara (1694-7) 4 vols. 2 Mackenzie was obviously not easily put off. See 1348^1. 3 These arms were later to be of major interest to Mrs Brydges Willyams. See Blake 417-18. 1 An example of the kind of rhetorical effect D may have been thinking of in this parallel is that of the speech by William Pitt (1708-1778, after 1766 ist Earl of Chatham) on the Address on 13 November 1755 as reported in Horace Walpole's Memoirs of King George II Book 5. On that occasion, at i a.m. and after a series of 'uninteresting discourses,' Pitt's eloquence had 'burst forth with

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not hurt his feelings - that he wd. never reciprocate personalities again, having no-tofte-leisure2 The bell! I D

'397

TO: W. HITCHCO.

Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 31 March 1845

ORIGINAL: H 8/11/5 EDITORIAL COMMENT: A draft in D'S hand, endorsed in MA'S hand: '1845 ~ March I Trades Union Birmingham'.

W. Hitchcox Esq Gros. Gate I Mar 31/45 Sir I am desired by Mr. Disraeli to express his regret that he cannot have the honor of attending the Birmingham meeting on the I5th. April. I have &c.

!398

TO: [TRESHAM GREGG?] ORIGINAL: PS 353

[London, Tuesday] i April 1845

PUBLICATION HISTORY: See m.

April ist, 1845. I am much gratified that an attempt on my part to resist a parliamentary dicta torship should have obtained me the approbation of a body of my fellowcountrymen as distinguished for public spirit as the Society of which you are the organ.l more commanding impetuosity' in opposition to the King's speech on American possessions, the debate on which Pitt said 'tended to nothing, but this, "Follow your leader.'" From the spirit and vehemence of D'S speeches in early 1845, ^ *s possible that he had been studying Pitt's style and approaches. There was a copy of the 1822 edition of Walpole's Memoirs in the Hughenden Library (E.6). 2 On Friday 28 February in the continuing debate on the letter-opening scandal D had made the first of his three great philippics of 1845 against Peel. On this occasion he had turned his 'trip' of 20 February (see 1394112) into a 'leap,' castigating Peel by turning his quotation of Canning on 21 February into a reminder of Peel's desertion of Canning in 1827: 'the theme - the poet - the speaker - what a felicitous combination!' Peel had obviously been stung, but replied that D 'need not be disturbed ... that he has at all interfered with my peace of mind', and that he (Peel) would 'not condescend to reciprocate personalities with him ... because he has leisure to prepare his attacks.' Hansard LXXVIII cols 148-56, 196-208. In fact it had been Smythe who had given D the necessary information about Canning's poem, in a letter dated February 1845 by MA: 'It is in the Antijacobin, dear Cid & Captain - in a poem of Cannings yclept New Morality.' BEA [iggcj. See the full account of the speech and the reaction to it in M&B n 313-18. See also introduction p xxvi. 1 There is in H an undated (late 1845?) pamphlet of the Dublin Protestant Association and Reformation Society soliciting support for its cause of Protestant ascendancy in Great Britain and Ireland. The pamphlet contains a section of 'Extracts from Letters' which includes the text of D'S letter amon 22 others, including a non-committal one from the King of Hanover and one from W.B. Ferrand. D'S name does not appear on the list of subscribers to the society. D'S contact with the society seem to have led to correspondence with one of its trustees, the Rev Tresham Dames Gregg, who tried to change D'S views on 'popery', and to enlist his 'powerful mind in ... the glorious Cause'. H B/xxi/G/326ff. With D'S permission, Gregg was to dedicate a book to D in 1846. See 1478 and I5i9&n7 The pamphlet containing D'S letter may have been the one sent on 7 August 1846 by the secretary o the Association, William Compton Espy. H R/ii/G/ig.

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TO: THE EDITOR OF THE TIME. .Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 5 April 1845 ORIGINAL: PS Times PUBLICATION HISTORY: The Times (7 April 1845)

Sir, Grosvenor-gate, April 5. I observe in a report which has been sent me of the meeting recently held at Dublin on the subject of the grant to Maynooth, that one of the principal speakers has addressed several observations to me personally, on the assumption that a newspaper called Young England* is, as he terms it, "the organ of my opinions."2 I am not in any way entitled to that distinction. It is but justice to the journal in question to state, that I have no connexion whatever with it, nor do I know any one who has. I am, Sir, your faithful servant, I B. DISRAELI. 1 Young England was a weekly that ran from 4 January to 5 April 1845 and professed to follow the principles of the Young England group. It is difficult to determine who was responsible for it. According to a note in the first number, the paper's publisher was Henry George, 12 Lambeth Street, and the Young England offices were at 2 York Street, Covent Garden. LPOD (1845) lists this address as that of the 'Builder newspaper office' and lists Young England at 8 New Burlington Street, the address of Richard Bentley. A prospectus announcing that Young England; or, the Social Condition of the Empire was to appear on 4 January 1845 asked that correspondence be directed to Bentley. BL AD. MS 40556 f340. No indication of the identity of any other person associated with the paper is given in it or in the paper itself. In an almost illegible letter of 21 September 1843 Smythe had told D that Lord Ranelagh had won several thousands at Crockford's and, despite Smythe's attempts to dissuade him, intended to use it to start, in January, a paper called Young England. Smythe also mentioned that he had told him to write to Manners, 'which will have the effect, I hope, of checking it ... Last year - this might have done, but now with Times, Post, Spectator, &c &c - the thing would be absurd.' BEA [i76oj. Perhaps the efforts of Smythe and Manners had merely delayed things. The publication of two political pamphlets by Ranelagh in 1845 (Legal Order and Constitutional Rights, as dejined by the earl of Aberdeen, in a correspondence with the author and Observations on the Present State of our National Defences) shows that he was active in political writing at this time. On 20 April 1845 The Satirist reported Ranelagh as being in dire financial straits. A.F. Barham, an evangelical extremist, had written to D on 5 September 1844 about his earlier efforts at promoting Young-England opinions, telling him that he had procured a printer and a publisher for a monthly to be entitled Young England, and asking D and his friends for support and contributions. H B/xxi/B/4i. In an undated letter (MA: '1845') Smythe had complained of the trouble the paper was causing him because people assumed that it represented his opinions, and urged that it be stopped by 'an apothegm in the Times.' BEA [20ioJ. In any event, Young England on 22 March 1845 had expressed sympathy for the Maynooth grant, which was probably the reason it had been noticed at an anti-Maynooth meeting at Dublin. On the storm of controversy aroused by the government's proposal to increase its grant to Maynooth College, the only Roman Catholic seminary in Ireland, from an annually voted subvention of £9,000 to a permanent annual subsidy of £30,000 see Gash Peel 414-17, 420. D was not to speak in the Maynooth debate until n April, when he would make another of his great attacks on the government. Hansard LXXIX cols 555-69. See also introduction pp xxvi-xxvii. 2 The organ of D'S opinions at this time seems to have been, ironically, The Times itself. Hobhouse (later Lord Broughton) records in his diary on 19 April 1845 ^e general belief that D was the author of a recent series of Times articles against Peel. Recollections of a Long Life (London, 1911) vi 142-3. Between i April and 17 April 1845, The Times ran a series of ten leaders, strongly condemnatory of Peel in relation to Maynooth and as party leader; their opinions and style are consistent with D'S as well as with the ideas expressed in his Maynooth Speech of n April. The Times (i, 3-4, 7, n-12, 14-17 April 1845). These (and/or others) may be the articles referred to by Milnes in a letter on 26 June 1845: 'The Times has gone into open opposition to the Government on all points except foreign policy: it is conducted with most spiteful ability, and made good use of, by Disraeli.' Life of Milnes i 356. For The Times's subsequent change of heart on printing Young England opinions see 1429™.

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399A

TO: [THOMAS JOHN OUSELEY

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] n April 1845

ORIGINAL: uo 7

Dear Sir, GG. I Apl. 11/45 Many thanks for your kind note & great attention. In future, I will always send you a line of advice. ' The Chronicle is often, perhaps usually, the / best Reporter, but I have fallen lately, perhaps from speaking later in the eve[nin]g, on shorthand writers of the "Times," who suit me to a t. The Chronicle Report of / my speech on Miles motion2 appeared to me, as I glanced over it, very good; but the Times report was shorthand until the last twenty lines or so, when the pen changed, & the peroration, if you can call it such, is more accurate / in the C [hronicle].3 Ever yrs flly I D.

1400

TO: LORD CARRINGTO.

House of Commons [Tuesday] 15 April 1845

ORIGINAL: CARR [2] PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B 11330, dated 15 April 1845 EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand on the 4th page of the MS: '1849 I B. Disraeli I i5th April'.

The I Lord Carington House of Commons I Apl. 15. 1845 My dear Lord, I am meditating the moment, that Parliament will permit me, to make a visit to 1 TJ. Ouseley had written from Shrewsbury on 2 March 1845 to thank D for his note (which we have d for his note which we have we have have e. not found) and the copies of The Times and MC received that morning. He asked which report D preferred, as he was planning to print it in full on the first page of The Shropshire Conservative. He then went on to express his esteem for D'S 'independence & great talents' and to tell of his plan to 'get up an address to you from all parties in this town.' He ventured to inform D 'that the most popular step you could take wd be to oppose the Maynooth Grant'. H B/xxi/o/Gy. From a letter of 8 March from Ouseley to MA, it is evident that D neglected to answer it. H 0/111/0/457. Presumably this letter is advising Ouseley which report he is to use of the Maynooth speech o was to make later this day in the House. 2 William Miles (1797-1878), after 1859 ist Baronet, of Leigh Court, Somerset, was Conservative MP for Chippenham 1818-20, New Romney 1830, 1831, East Somerset 1834-65, colonel of the North Somerset Yeomanry Cavalry 1843, deputy-lieutenant of Somerset 1852. The House on 17 March 1845 had debated and rejected Miles's amendment to allow relief of the agricultural interest. For D'S speec late that evening see introduction p xxvi. Hansard LXXVIII cols 963-1041 (D'S speech at 1022-28). 3 Ouseley had written again on 22 March 1845: 'You will see by my Paper of to day that I have given your speech on Mr Miles motion in full from the Times & also that I have remarked thereon to a considerable length.' After again assuring D that his 'whole political life' was at D'S service, he told D 'in strict privacy' that he had the previous day been 'told I might have the Government advertising Patronage. This was accompanied with a strong hint about ceasing my strictures on Sir R. Peel. I told my friend I should maintain my independence and that I am unpurchaseable.' On 19 April he was to write to tell D that he had reprinted D'S Maynooth speech 'in full from the Times'. Th Hansard report of D'S speech on Miles's motion is largely based on The Times report, but near the end incorporates segments of the MC report. H B/xxi/o/68-g. On the reporting of parliamentary debates see John M. Robson What Did He Say? Editing Nineteenth-Century Speeches from Hansard and the Newspapers (Lethbridge, Alberta, 1988) especially ioff. See further I4oi&m.

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Berlin;1 & I am assured, / that I must not appear there except in a red coat. If your Lordship would therefore kindly appoint me one of your Lieutenants, I / will endeavour to maintain the honor of the cloth at foreign Courts, & shall feel extremely obliged to you. 2 The petitions this afternoon re' Maynooth are / more numerous than ever, & the debate has the aspect of a long protraction.3 Ever, my dear Lord, I Your obliged & faithful I Servant I B DISRAELI TO: [THOMAS JOHN OUSELEY

[London, Wednesday] 23 April 1845 I4

ORIGINAL: PS 328 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Bernard Halliday Catalogue 167 (1933), an extract from an 'A.L.s., 3 pp., 8vo, Ap. 23, 1845, marked "Private"'

I am proud of your independent and disinterested support. I hear very rarely from the Boro' and as I really do not know who are friends or foes never write but with very rare exceptions.l I shall have the pleasure of sending you a copy of'Sybil' when it is published, [.]2 TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Crockford's Club [Thursday] i May 1845 ,4

ORIGINAL: NYPL Kohns [9] PUBLICATION HISTORY: LEGS 205-6, extracts dated May-day 1845; M&B u 25l>mad idijdd extracts dated May-Day 1845 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: harrassed.

My dearest Sa, Crockfords I May Day 1845 Sybil was finished yesterday. I thought it never cd. be - the printers were on my heels & have been for the last month - but I / dont think it can be published 1 The DS in fact were to go to France in the fall of 1845. But as ^ate as !3 Juty MA was beinglate ad 13 july ma was being beibg be reproached by Mrs Bernal Osborne for 'turning your back upon us & intending to go to Germany instead of Ireland ... pray remember that Mr. Disraeli has to legislate for Ireland & not for Germany.' H B/xxi/o/55- See also irjig&nG. 2 According to M&B n 330-1 D had tried unsuccessfully in 1837 through the then Lord Chandos to b made a deputy lieutenant of Bucks. This attempt through Lord Carrington, the lord lieutenant of Bucks, was to be successful, although there was some question as to D'S qualifications: see I4i8&m They were eventually given in the 'Roll of Qualifications of Deputy Lieutenants ... of Buckinghamshire' as 'Messuages Lands and Tenements in the Parish of Hambleden, Bucks, and at Taynton Gloucestershire', and D received his commission by 23 August (gazetted 5 September 1845). Ralph via Sarah told that the appointment 'caused a great sensation - it was considered as a reward for his attacks on the Ministers'. H A/i/Misc; A/i/B/625; MP (6 Sept 1845). See further 1434. 3 Of the some 2,000 petitions against the grant to Maynooth, 581 were presented in the Commons on 15 April. The debate on second reading of the Maynooth Bill lasted for six nights, from u to 18 April, when the government won the division 323-176, with D voting against the bill. Hansard LXXIX cols 501-77, 594-671, 684, 692-760, 762-842, 860-931, 939-1047. 1 TJ. Ouseley had written on 22 March 1845 about 'the Boro' - ie D'S constituency. On 19 April he wrote with high praise for D'S Maynooth speech, saying that he had printed in The Shropshire Conservative the complete report of it in The Times, plus two columns of comment. He thought the speech had converted even Whigs to D'S cause, although, he added, a few Conservatives 'whose spirit dwell in their pockets' might rebel. He stressed his own independence of party or personal affiliation and expressed the wish 'to see the Boro' taken out of the hands of our local aristocracy.' H B/xxi/o/68-g. See introduction pp xl-xli. 2 Colburn as early as 24 March had advertised Sybil as 'in the press'. MP (24, 26 Mar, 22, 24 Apr 1845).

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till the middle of the month.1 I can't send the rough proofs; they wd. destroy the illusion, & I have no clean sheets, nor do I think there are any yet dry, as we have only / commenced striking off within these ten days. I have never been thro' such a four months, & hope never again. What with the House of Commons wh: was itself quite eno' for a man & writing 600 / pages, I thought sometimes my head must turn - & this must be my excuse for not having written wh: was clearly impossible. I have never had a day until this that I have felt as it were / home for the holidays. Fortunately this year my private affairs have not so much harrassed me, tho' they did also at first. We shall be delighted to see you. 2 Mary Anne is / better. / told her I should answer your letter today} I think you had better wait for the book & read it in a natural way. 1000 loves to all I D

1403

TO: MESSRS CAREY AND HAR

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] i May 1845.

ORIGINAL: PHS Dreer 7

London, Grosvenor Gate, May-Day. 1845 To I Messrs. Carey & Hart I Philadelphia Gentlemen, His Excellency, Mr Everett, with that courtesy wh: distinguishes him, has presented to me a copy of your Edition of "Coningsby". His Excellency was aware, that, unlike some English authors, far from regretting these re-publications, I am gratified by the sympathy of your countrymen, & that my writings should contribute to the pleasure & happiness of the far West.! 1 Colburn had first advertised Sybil as 'just ready' on 29 April. It was first noticed in MP on 10 May, the reviewer assuming the novel to be published on that day. According to Colburn's accounts, the novel was in fact published on 9 May, with a second edition on 4 July (advertised as 'now ready' on 25 June) and a third on 27 August. The first two editions were of 1,000 copies each, and the third 500. MP (29 Apr, i, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12 May, 25 June 1845); H E/vn/o/ 2 In her letters of about this time Sarah told of her and Isaac's vacillating plans to travel to London before or after the appearance of Sybil. It seems they arrived in London in time for publication day, and stayed at 26 Welbeck Street. In a later letter Sarah asked MA to come and see her explaining that Isaac could not dine out until the weather turned warmer, and telling of his being immersed in Sybil, which Sarah was reading to him. H 0/111^/55,63-4. 3 D and MA had recently taken offence at what they had seen as indifference by the family to an illness in which MA had been 'half poisoned with some jelly.' Sarah had replied: 'How could you & Dis by any possibility imagine that we knew that you were ill, & were indifferent to it.' When in late April MA had injured her arm Sarah advised her to rest it by letting D be her secretary. H D/in/A/54,6i. 1 Edward Everett (1794-1865) was an American scholar and statesman; professor of Greek at Harvard 1815; U.S. congressman 1824; governor of Massachusetts 1835-8; minister at the court of St. James's 1841-5; president of Harvard 1846-9; secretary of state 1852; senator 1853. Everett had written to D on 26 April 1845 enclosing a copy of an edition of Coningsby with 'mean paper and small type'; as partial justification of such cheap editions he said that D 'would if [he] penetrated to the remotest log-cabins in the west of the United States, find copies of [his] books printed in this style & sent by mail.' H E/vi/o/47. In fact, Everett had told D all this on their first meeting on 17 July 1844, when D had told him that he was pleased at the circulation the pirates achieved, and that 'he wanted fame, & nothing else.' MHS [09].

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Some / years ago, you sent me what you styled the first complete Edition of my works, & I ought before this to have acknowledged the attention; but in so doing, I should have had to have conveyed some criticism wh: it was disagreeable to me to offer, & wh: I hoped in time might be unnecessary. In that volume consisting, I believe, of two thousand columns, I think I may state that on an average, there is in each column a gross misprint. I have only cursorily glanced at your "Coningsby" but trying / it in seven places, I find the same result. Now, I think, I have a right to complain of this. I do not grudge you my copyrights; I am proud of the approbation of your customers: but I have a right to expect from you who trade without cost on my inventions, that you should do me the justice of at least securing, that the Press should be supervised by a competent individual.2 I have before me Editions of "Coningsby" of Paris & Leipzig. I do not observe in them a single error. The Edit: of Leipzig is beautifully printed on superior paper & published / at a cost not exceeding the American.3 You will not misunderstand this remonstrance, wh: is just, but not unfriendly. Every misprint in your editions is an injury to my fame; & as I am on the eve of publishing another work, I send this in time to call your attention to circumstances, wh: on reflection I apprehend, you must agree with me are as vexatious as they are unjustifiable. I have the honor to remain, I Gentlemen, I Your faithful Servant, B Disraeli

TO: EDWARD EVERET.

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] i May 1845

ORIGINAL: MHS [7]

2 Abraham Hart (1810-1885) and Edward L. Carey (d 1845) had become associated in the bookselling and publishing business in 1829 and were noted for their progressive attitude to publishing, especially in making quick reproductions of imported books. In 1836, for example, they had printed 500 copies of Bulwer's Rienzi by 9:00 a.m. the day after receiving in Philadelphia an advance copy from England. In 1839 Carey and Hart had published a two-volume Works of D'Israeli the Younger, comprising seven of D'S novels. Stewart 647. On 25 May 1845 tneY replied to D'S letter, saying that they had not been aware of the misprints 'of which you so justly complain' and explaining that the printing had been done in 6 or 7 days because of an anticipated rival edition. They said that they had paid £40 for an 'early copy' and published it at 'a shilling', and that they had also just purchased an early copy of Sybil and planned to have it published by 30 May to beat a steamer from London expected on i June. They suggested that, to avoid similar problems in future, D should arrange to supply them with partial copies of future works 6 to 7 weeks before London publication, and the complete book a month before, and that they would then 'engage that the proofs shall be read with the greatest care.' H E/vi/o/833 For the Leipzig edition of Coningsby see 136^1; the novel had been published in Paris in at least two editions in 1844, by A. and W. Galignani, and by Baudry's European Library. On 13 February 1845 BEL had sent MA a copy of the Leipzig edition. H E/vi/o/44. On 20 September 1844 Smythe reported from Paris that the Galignani edition was sold out. BEA [1890]. These editions were English-languag ones, although there was apparently at least one translation of Coningsby by this time. On 13 June 1845 an F- Demmler was to write from Sandhurst Military College with a proposal for a German trans-proposal for a german trandssss, lation of D'S political novels which he was confident would be superior to 'the imperfect and partly very incorrect [translation of Coningsby] of Mr. Kretshmar.' H E/VII/L/I.

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1404

Dear Mr Everett, Grosvenor Gate I May Day 1845 I am very proud of the sympathy of your countrymen; & much gratified by the kindness of their Representative. 1. Believe me ever, I your obliged & faithf[u]l S[e]r[vant], I B Disraeli

1405

TO: LORD LANSDOWN

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 8 May 1845

ORIGINAL: BWH [2] EDITORIAL COMMENT: The following text is based on a transcription of the MS which has not bee checked by the editors.

My Lord, Grosvenor Gate I May 8. 1845 As your Lordship, from a peculiar circumstance, was my only literary confidant, I have taken the liberty of sending you a copy of "Sybil["]. / You will find in it some notice of Lord Shelburne. It afforded me real pleasure to attempt to do justice, however imperfectly, to a great Minister too long misunderstood; and if his son should read these / pages with any satisfaction, there are some reasons why their writer would feel gratified.' I have the honor to be, I My Lord Your Lordships faithful Servant, I B. Disraeli

1406

TO: MARGUERITE A. POWE.

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] n May [1845].

ORIGINAL: UIL [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: Isaac D'Israeli was born on n May 1766. Sic: beleive.

Dear Miss Power, Grosr Gate I May. n I am very sorry indeed, that I am engaged for tomorrow - this fortnight past. I know M. Le Dru very / well; & therefore shd. have particularly wished to have met him. l With kindest regards to all beleive me, I Ever yours I B Disraeli I 1 Everett was to forward D'S letter to Carey and Hart (1403) along with official despatches on 3 May On 2 May he replied that he had read the letter and felt D'S rebuke of Carey and Hart to be 'richl deserved.' H B/xxi/E/28i. 1 See i39O&m. In his reply on 13 May Lansdowne thanked D for the copy of Sybil, which he praised, and expressed interest in D'S treatment of Shelburne, 'to which you have done such ample justice, . with a liberality of feeling, of which I am very sensible.' H E/vi/p/2. 1 In his reminiscences D tells of meeting at the Paris Opera in 1842 'one Charles Le Dru whose acquaintance I had made at Lady Blessingtons - an advocate - & great democrat, but very much addicted to the English a lively, cordial man', and of being taken to a poetry-reading hosted by him (for which see I264n6). H A/x/A/36 (DR 67). In his letter from Paris of 20 September 1844 Smythe had mentioned that 'Charles Ledru has translated into execrable French verse my "Armand Carrel" [from Historic Fancies] - but it will make me popular here.' BEA [1890]. Presumably this was the Charles Ledru (b 1801) who was to be the author of A M. Renan, biographe de Jesus philosophe (Paris 1864).

166

Tell Lady Blessington this is my fathers birthday, & he dines with me today he enters his 8oth. year[.]2 TO: LORD JOHN MANNER

Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 12 May 1845

ORIGINAL: BEA [111-36] PUBLICATION HISTORY: D's Readers 26-7 EDITORIAL COMMENT: For a full treatment of this letter and of Lord John Manners's letter to which it is a reply see D's Readers 21-8, where both letters are given in full.

My dear Lord John, Grosr Gate I May 12. 1845 I was deeply gratified by your letter of this morn.! There are very few persons indeed whose criticism, especially on such a subject, wd. be estimated by me as much as your own, or I shd. not have given / myself the pleasure of sending you a copy, wh: I did not do out of idle ceremony. You have clearly apprehended & expressed what I wished to convey, & have so entirely entered into the scope & spirit of my design, that I will now indulge the belief, that I have not failed / in my aim. I agree with you as to the catastrophe: it is a decided but almost an inevitable, fault. We call up spirits from the vasty deep, but they are sometimes too vital to get rid of at the end of a third volume. 2 I was very pleased that you recognised the moor where we were companions. Do / you remember your mounting the Druids altar? Mrs. Di. was frightened at your audacity. I think it gave me the idea of Walter Gerards rostrum.3 The Abbey was drawn from "Fountains", & is as faithfully delineated as musing observation & memory cd. enable me. It is a much vaster & grander ruin / than Bolton, tho' in a site far less picturesque. I took my idea of Mowbray 2 On ii May the DS invited Isaac, Maria, Sarah, Ralph and Dr Cooke Taylor to celebrate Isaac's ygt birthday. H ace. Lady Blessington had written some verses to Isaac on the occasion, and there is a MS (in Sarah's hand?) of'The reply of an Octogenarian to a beautiful Lady who wrote him some verses on his birth day May n. 1845.' A wreath from a Muse, a flower from a Grace Are visions of fancy which memory can trace; Though sightless, & bearing my dungeon around me How is it, vain phantoms of glory surround me? The Enchantress with flattery's thrice potent rhime Re-opens the hours which I loved in my prime, From my eightieth dull year to my fortieth I rise And cherish the shadows - her genius supplies. I. D'Israeli. EDU Disraeli 2i. See further D'S letter to Lady Blessington of 31 December 1848 (VOL v). 1 Lord John Manners had written on 'Whitsunday [n May] 1845'to congratulate D on Sybil, which he hadlate fo onodsfhedujkwhifh he hfadhaad.d just finished reading, and to offer 'a few disjointed remarks.' He thought the 'power of the book ... greater than that of Coningsby [the idea of which it] carries on', and that it would 'sow still more widely and deeply the seeds of old Toryism in the English mind.' H E/vi/p/y. 2 Cf Henry IVPart I in i 53. Manners had wondered whether the catastrophes were 'not rather crowded at the end.' 3 Manners had remarked of 'the Druid's Altar [that] there is no mistaking it's [sic] original.' See Sybil bk iv ch 4 for Gerard's address at the torch-light meeting on the moor. The reference is apparently to events during the October 1844 visit to Bingley. See I38on2 and D's Readers 27.

167

1407

Church from Ripon wh: was at hand. 4 Yesterday, sitting in this room, writing in my robe de chambre, came up a note from Tom Duncombe, begging me to see "a worthy man tho' he had been persecuted for / his opinions," & who wanted to be introduced to a publisher &c. having some MSS. So I had him up. It was Cooper the Chartist, just out of Stafford Castle, where he had been in durance for two years, & where he had written a poem in one thousand Spenserian stanzas: a man of great / talents, & extensive knowledge; quite self-educated having been a shoemaker, but master of seven languages. In appearance, Morley to the life! 5 Mrs. Disraeli sends you many kind words & thoughts. Also the "Sun"6 wh: you may care to see, as it refers much to that / movement of wh: you are the head, & wh: tho' in embryo now, will some day place you in the position for wh: you are indicated. I suppose you have seen the "Morning Post" of this day. 7 The great sale of "Sybil"8 has been occasioned by the previous work, & is no test of the public opinion of its merits. I must wait for this, but yr letter fortifies one who is ever with great sincerity Your I D

1

TO: RICHARD MONCKTON MILNES Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 13 May [184 ORIGINAL: TCC 265 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: '1845'. Dating: by MA'S account book: see ni.

My dear Milnes, Grosvenor gate I May 13 If you chance to be disengaged, wh: I suppose is impossible, we shd. be very 4 Manners had thought Marney Abbey to have been drawn 'from the life, or rather death - of Bolton.' Fountains Abbey, in N Yorkshire, is a few miles sw of Ripon and its cathedral. See Sybil bk 11 chs 4 and ii. Bolton Abbey is on the banks of the Wharfe 5 miles NW of Ilkley. 5 Thomas Cooper (1805-1892) of Leicester, completely self-educated, was one of the most remarkable of the Chartist leaders. To quote Mark Hovell (The Chartist Movement 209), he 'passed rapidly through the varied roles of shoemaker, teacher, musician, Wesleyan local preacher, newspaper reporter, Chartist lecturer and leader, Chartist prisoner, outcast and poet, teacher of morals and politics ...' and in 1872 published his autobiography, The Life of Thomas Cooper. In it he gives an account of his first meeting with D, when he found D'S face to be 'one of great intellectual beauty.' Quoted in D's Readers 28. D mentions him as an 'eccentric character' in his commonplace book. See app v. Cooper had been released from Stafford jail on 4 May 1845, after two years' imprisonment for his part in the Hanley riots in Manchester in 1842. Duncombe on H May had given Cooper a letter of introduction to D, asking D to introduce Cooper to some publishers. D'S interview with Cooper prompted Cooper to write to Duncombe about D'S 'friendliness and lack of affectation'. D gave Cooper an introduction to Moxon, who by the afternoon of 12 May had refused the MS, then on 15 May one to Ainsworth, and on 23 May one to Colburn (see I4i3&ni). The Purgatory of Suicides: A PrisonRhyme in Ten Books (1845), dedicated to Carlyle, was eventually published by Jeremiah How. H B/xxi/c/42ia,42i,423,424. Manners in his letter (see ni) had remarked that 'Morley, though some I dare say will say he is overpainted, seems to me quite natural.' 6 MP of 2 June was to reprint part of the highly laudatory review of Sybil in The Sun, which saw D assun which saw d asasn having 'consecrated his brilliant talents to the sacred cause of truth - he has devoted his energies to the regeneration of the people - in such a cause genius shines with redoubled lustre.' 7 MP of 12 May published a long and extremely favourable review of Sybil in addition to its long initial notice on 10 May: 'What Lord John Russell promised [about the labouring classes], Mr. Disraeli has done for him.' 8 See i4O2ni. On 15 May D was to receive £800 for the first edition. H E/vn/D/63.

168

charmed, if you wd. dine / with us on Friday at 1/4 past seven, sans facon. Ever Yrs I D. / R.S.V.P I per post * TO: [MURDO YOUNG

Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 13 May [1845]

1409

ORIGINAL: LC AC. 8033 2 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Anderson Galleries Catalogue No 1026 (20 April 1914) item 221 describes what is probably this letter: '4pp ALS 13 May n.y. to Murdo Young of Sun office, Strand, reminding him of invitation previously sent.' ABPC (1914) 672 provides additional information: '... 18 mo, with addressed envelope and seal.' The envelope with the recipient's name has not been located. Dating: cf I4o8&m. The recipient was presumably the 'Sun Editor' whose name MA could not recall.

Dear Sir,l Grosr Gate I May 13 I sent a note to you at yr. office on Monday wh: hoped I might have the pleasure of your company / at dinner on Friday next, the i6th.; but not having received any reply, I fear it may / not have reached you. I hope it has; & that it found you disengaged, & that we / shall have the pleasure of seeing you on Friday at 1/4 past seven. Yours faith [full] y I B Disraeli TO: THOMAS HODGSKI.

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 22 May 1845

1410

ORIGINAL: NYPL Disraeli, Benjamin, Pers. Misc. [2]

T. Hodgskin Esqr' Grosvenor Gate I May 22. 1845 My dear Sir, I fear that, in the hurry of my present life, I have omitted to thank you for the collection of your works, wh: you so kindly forwarded / me some ten days back. They are on subjects wh: greatly interest me, & I have that confidence in your ability, that I am sure I shall not peruse / them with[ou]t profit. Believe me, dear Sir, your obliged & faithful Ser[van]t I B. Disraeli TO: JAMES CROSSLE ORIGINAL: MPL [2]

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 23 May 1845 I4II

1 On Friday 16 May 1845 tne Ds w^re to entertain Baring Wall, Parnther, the Brinsley Sheridans, thebriubsliuey shdeooht ehe ehthe Bernal Osbornes, Lady Osborne, Lord William Lennox, Gregory, and the 'Sun Editor', whose name MA could not recall in her entry, but presumably Murdo Young (see next letter). Milnes was to be unable to accept the invitation. H ace; E/VI/P/II. 1 See ec. The editor of The Sun had been W.E Deacon, who had died on 18 March 1845; Charles Kent was to succeed him at Christmas 1845, and therefore Murdo Young (lygiP-iSyo), the proprietor of The Sun, was probably also acting as editor at this time. Dickens Letters v a8on. 1 Thomas Hodgskin (1787-1869) was the editor of Hansard 1834-47, a leader-writer for MC, The Economist and others, and author of books on numerous topics, principally on political economy: his most recent publication was 'Peace, Law, and Order,' a lecture delivered in the hall of the National association, on September 29, 184.2.

169

PRIVATE Grosvenor Gate I May 23.745 l J. Crossley Esq My dear Sir, A fortnight ago, I forwarded a copy of "Sybil" to the Athenaeum, the receipt of wh: has not been acknowledged. I fear it may not have reached its destination. / I do not like to enquire of the Secretaries,2 because it wd. look as if I were anxious to receive a letter of thanks, whereas I really only want to ascertain / whether they have got the book. Be pleased privately to enquire as to this, & have the kindness to let me know. 3 Yours faithfully I B. Disraeli

1412 TO: [ELIOT WARBURTON?

[London, Friday] 23 May 1845

ORIGINAL: PS 329 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LAutographe S.A. cat 6, an extract from 'L.A.S., ip. in-ia; Londres, 23 mai 1845' EDITORIAL COMMENT: For the recipient see m. Sic: Ledru.

My dear Sir, Would you give me the pleasure of your company at breakfast ... and meet Charles Ledru?1 ...

1413 TO: HENRY COLBUR.

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 23 May 1845

ORIGINAL: PML [4]

Dear Sir, Grosvenor Gate I May 23. 1845 The bearer of this, Mr Cooper the Chartist, is a man of great abilities. He wishes to consult Mr Colburn on a MS of his own: & I am anxious that he / should receive a kind & impartial hearing. I commend him therefore to your friendly offices.' Yours faithfully I B. Disraeli 1 James Crossley (1800-1883), a Manchester author and lawyer, had been one of the speakers with D at the spoeiihnnojeiwht deims. the Athenaeum's 5 October 1844 meeting. He was a founder of the Manchester Free Library, president of the Manchester Athenaeum 1847-50, president of the Chetham Society 1848-83, and noted for his collection of some 100,000 books. Dickens Letters in 58m, v 193. 2 Presumably still Peter Berlyn and Edward Watkin: see 1362^. 3 No reply from Crossley is in H, but a letter of 7 June 1845 fr°m tne Secretary of the Manchesterof the mand a aisteee Mechanics' Institution clearly states that D'S gift had been received by the Athenaeum. H A/IV/M/6o.

1 Bartholomew Elliott George Warburton (1810-1852), a writer usually known as Eliot Warburton, on Saturday 24 May 1845 was to ^e tne Ds' guest at a breakfast in company with Milnes, Dick, Milnerlene Gibson, C. Buller, C. Phipps, M. de Rothschild and 'Ledrew'. Warburton in 1845 published The Crescent and the Cross, an account of his Eastern Tour of 1843; MA as an aide-memoire has drawn a crescent over a cross after his name in her account book. H ace. Since Eliot Warburton was a new acquaintance of the DS', he is possibly the person D is addressing in this comparatively formal way. 1 See i4O7&n5- The MS (which Colburn was to reject) was possibly Cooper's prose romance, Captai Cobler, or the Lincolnshire Rebellion (Watson 1850). H B/xxi/c/427-

I70

TO: EDWARD EVERET

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] i June 1845

ORIGINAL: MHS [8]

1414

My dear Mr Everett, Grosvenor Gate I June 1/45 Moore, Bulwer, & some other agreeable persons, breakfast here on Tuesday next, June 3, at 1/4 to 12. I should be / happy, & very much honored, if your engagements would permit you to meet them. l Ever sincerely yours I B Disraeli TO: RICHARD MONCKTON MILNES Grosvenor Gate [Monday 2 June 1845

i4.*5

ORIGINAL: TCC 263 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 1414111. See also m. Sic: Friday.

My dear Milnes, Grosr. Gate I Friday I missed you this evening, & my wife omitted to give you a message to beg you would breakfast with us tomorrow (Tuesday) / at 1/4 to 12, & meet Tom Moore & Bulwer. We want a great man of the New Generation in order to keep the old / Dons in order. Pray come. I heard your speech wh: was very good, &, better than that, successful.1 yrs f[aithfu]lly I D. TO: [LADY MORGAN?

Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 2 June [1845]

ORIGINAL: MEY [i] PUBLICATION HISTORY: Meynell 348-51 (including a facsimile of the MS), dated 2 June 1845 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context. For the recipient see m.

I was in hopes, all yesterday, that I might have been able you for your charming notice of "Sybil",' so pleasing / to respect - & now I fear my visit to you must be indefinitely numerous miraculous escapes, I / am bagged for a Railway

G.G. I June 2 in person to thank its author in every postponed, as, after Committee wh: has

1 On Tuesday, 3 June 1845, tne Ds were to give a breakfast to Thomas Moore, Bulwer, Sir Henrymoore bulwar sir henbtryueooahoi Mildmay, Philip Savile and the Henry Baillies. Manners was invited but had to attend a committee meeting. Everett replied that he had too much mail to deal with to be able to come. H ace; QUA 271 H B/XXI/E/282.

1 Milnes also could not attend, because of a railway committee which sat from 12 to 4 daily. On 2 June 1845 in the adjourned debate on Academical Institutions (Ireland) he spoke in favour of separation of church and state in education, while allowing for historical precedent, as with the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland. H B/xxi/H/673; Hansard LXXX cols 1235-7; MP (5 June 1845). 1 The recipient of this letter may possibly have been Lady Morgan, who had written on Tuesday'(?) apologizing for her 'brief & imperfect' review of Sybil: 'I am a used up critic' (cf Boucicault's Used Up). She had enclosed a letter of praise for Sybil from John Inglis, Bishop of Nova Scotia. On 8 March she had invited the DS to a 'seance' in mesmerism. H B/xxi/M/5i6-i7-

171

1416.

every prospect of sitting every day thro' June & July! 2 Yours faithfully I D

1417 TO: WILLIAM JEFF

Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 10 June 1845

ORIGINAL: REN [077]

Grosvenor Gate I June 10.745 Mr Disraeli presents his Compliments to Mr Jeffs;1 & begs the favor of his forwarding, on the first convenient / occasion, the enclosed Note to Mr. Eugene Forcade.2 Mr Disraeli thanks Mr Jeffs, & the Publisher of / the Revue Nouvelle, for the numbers of that Journal wh: they have sent him, & from wh: he anticipates grea / interest[.]

I4l8

TO: LORD CARRINGTO.

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 13 June 1845

ORIGINAL: CARR [3] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand on the 4th page of the MS: 'B. Disraeli June 13 1845 to Lord Carrington: asks to be made a magistrate for the County of Bucks.'

The I Lord Carington Grosvenor Gate I June 13. 1845 My dear Lord, I must thank you for your obliging note. As I pass every year three or four months at Bradenham, & always act, more or less, as a Magistrate for / the division, I think my qualification as Resident might pass muster; but if your Lordship should be of a different opinion, I would avail myself of / the alternative wh: you suggest.m Ever, my dear Lord, I Your obliged & faithful I Servant, I B DISRAELI 2 On 30 May D had been selected as a member of a five-man committee to consider the bills for Group pp, comprising the Great North of England Railway, the Sunderland, Durham and Auckland Railway, the Wear Valley Railway, and the Middlesborough and Redcar Railway. The committee was scheduled to meet on 9 June, but in fact met only on 12, 13 and 16 June. Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons (1845) 1244-6, 1481-3. This was the height of the railway boom in the U.K., to the point where there was difficulty finding members for railway committees, or places for them to meet, even after extra temporary committee-rooms had been erected. By 31 October 1845 1,428 railway companies had been registered, involving an outlay of £701,243,208. Parliament authorized the construction of over 400 railways in 1844-6. Punch (31 May 1845) 244; The Times (27 May, 17 Nov 1845); Sheila M. Smith ed Sybil (Oxford 1981) 447. 1 William Jeffs (d cigoo?) was a publisher and seller of foreign books at 15 Burlington Arcade, where he handled subscriptions to 'all the Foreign newspapers and Reviews.' H A/v/c/misc. He also did a small trade in foreign erotic books, but was to specialize in political and satirical pamphlets against Napoleon in and his court. Boase. 2 Eugene Forcade (1820-1869), French journalist, banker and author, founded the Revue Nouvelle in 1845. On 22 June ^45 ne was to write to D from Paris apologizing for his criticisms of D'S last twocihdosnojfhsdiufhkjhkjjhdlfnd works, regretting that his differences of opinion with D prevented him from expressing his admiration for D'S talent, and asking permission to visit D when next in England. H B/xxi/F/i88. 1 See i40O&n2. Lord Carrington's note has not been located. It seems D offered MA'S property at Taynton, Gloucestershire (see 1329™), and Colstrope Farm, Hambleden, Bucks (see igSani) as his qualification as deputy lieutenant. Although there is no indication that D had in fact attended

172

TO: RICHARD MONCKTON MILNES ORIGINAL: TCC 259

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] 22 June 1845I4J9

Dear Dickon Grosvenor Gate I June 22/45 Pray come & breakfast here on Midsummer Day, 1/4 to 12 o'ck, with Mrs. Maberly & a few heroes worthy / of such a heroine. Can we induce your Papa? Try. Ever yrs f[aithfu]lly I D. R.S.V.P. ' TO: [GEORGE PALMER PUTNAM?

Carlton Club [Sunday] 22 June [1845]

ORIGINAL: PHS Gratz 10-28 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: '1838'. Dating: cf 1403.

Sir,1 Carlton Club I 22 June I beg to acknowledge, with a due sense of your courtesy, your letter of the I5th. Inst. I never heard before of Mr Godey & his doings,2 by which I am much honored, but / the other publisher you mention, Mr Carey, had the decency to send me a few copies of his edition. Unfortunately every page abounds in typographical errors [.]3 Your sympathy / with authors does you honor, but I fear there is no chance of redress either for myself or my worthier brethren. 4 Believe me, Sir, I Your obliged S[ervan]t I B Disraeli I T. O / I should be glad to see the copy of H.T. you mention at your convenience. Quarter Sessions for some years, he was still a magistrate. Perhaps as a quid pro quo, Lord Carrington on 3 August was to ask D to assist a friend and intervene in the third reading of a railway bill on 4 August. H B/xxi/c/541 On Tuesday 24 June 1845, t^6 Ds were to give a breakfast to Hope, Granby, Pollington, Ridley Col-ojodkjfodfjkjsaldjfoiskjsdfljjd borne, Michele, Kielmansegge, a 'M de Versan[.p]' and Mrs Maberly. H ace. On 23 June Milnes replied that he was still tied up on a railway committee ('I shall be calculating during those hours the number of shrimps that travel daily from Shoreham to London') and that his father, although in town, would be too busy to go out. H B/xxi/H/674. What made Mrs Maberly 'a heroine' in D'S eyes a this time is unclear, but there is an enigmatic reference to her in Smythe's letter of 5 September 1844. Smythe told of being at Spa in mid-August and finding that Coningsby was the only thing advertised by the booksellers, 'except Mrs. Maberly - who was there, and superintended her own press herself.' BEA [1870]. The standard bibliographies and directories yield no information on what she was superintending. 1 On the basis of his role in London at this time as an agent for U.S. publishers (see 1366™) the recipient was probably G.P. Putnam. 2 Louis Antoine Godey (1804-1878), a U.S. publisher (Godey's Magazine and The Lady's Book), in 1845 began to copyright the material he published. Dictionary of American Biography (New York 1931). 3 See 14038012. 4 According to a letter to D from Thomas Longman of 5 June 1846, U.S. copyright could be allocated only to a U.S. citizen. H R/n/c/g.

173

1420

1421

TO: LADY SEYMOU

Grosvenor Gate, Wednesday [25 June 1845

ORIGINAL: PRC [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see m. Sic: recal.

Dear Lady Seymour. Grosvenor Gate I Wedy. morng. If yourself, & Lord Seymour, would like to see the Review on Saturday, Mrs Disraeli would be much gratified & highly honored / by your company. The Queen of England will be before our windows, & if the Queen of Beauty be beneath our roof, it will almost recal / the field of the Cloth of Gold.' Ever, dear Lady Seymour, I Your obliged & faithful Ser[van]t I B Disraeli

1422

TO: [BENJAMIN LUMLEY?

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 27 June 1845

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [96] EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand on the ist page the of MS: '27 June 1845 I D'Israeli'. Parts of some of the words on the fourth page of the MS have been obscured by a mounting strip.

private Grosvenor Gate I June 27/45 ] My dear Sir, Sho[ul]d the heavens tomorrow be as dark & drenching as to day - is it possible, or cd. you put us in the way, of consoling our numerous guests with / some beautiful music - Lablache & Grisi, one or two, something light & bright, witht. the effort & pretence of a Concert. All this instead of "blunderbusses & thunders!"2/ Excuse the freedom of this appeal - but you are a man of the world. We have not even a piano in the house that will do - but perhaps you can send one of your subjects to arrange all this. / 1 A military review in Hyde Park had been planned for Saturday 28 June 1845 on t^ie occasion of a visitthe occasim opf a viossitiff by the King and Queen of the Belgians, but was postponed until the following Monday because of the weather. The flag denoting the headquarters of the review was to be placed directly opposite Grosvenor Gate. The Times (i July 1845). Lady Seymour had been the Queen of Beauty at the Eglinton Tournament. There is an extant copy completed in D'S hand of the engraved invitations (the printed par in italics): 'Mrs Disraeli requests the honour of Mr Haywards Company to see the Review & to a Dejeune on Saturday the 28 of June at two o'Clock [unfilled blank] i. Grosvenor Gate. Park Lane. The Review commences at eleven.' UCLA [2iopJ. The long, incomplete list of distinguished guests, including six foreign ambassadors and many of the nobility, includes neither the Seymours, who were at the Countess of Essex's fete at Cashiobury Park, near Watford, nor Abraham Hayward. MP (i July 1845). MA recorded that 197 people attended, that she paid the caterer the 'outrageous' fee ofjojcoijasdoifjothiihtiehiuhsiuhds £45.5^, but that she was 'pas Content' at the whole thing. H ace (14, 22 July 1845). The 'Field of Cloth of Gold' (the insertion of the article before 'Cloth' is a common mistake), the scene of a famous meeting between Henry vm and the French King Francis i in Picardy in 1520, has been described as both 'the last and most gorgeous display of the departing spirit of chivalry', and 'a portentous deception'. A.F. Pollard Henry VIII142. 1 Apparently written to Benjamin Lumley (1811-1875), since 1842 manager (and after 12 July 1845 also proprietor) of Her Majesty's Theatre, where Giulia Grisi and Luigi Lablache had appeared together in Rossini's Otello on 21 June 1845; tnev were to aPPear together again there in Bellini's / Puritaniokjfosdjoij on 3 July 1845. The Times (21, 28 June 1845); MP (14 July 1845); The Satirist (20 July 1845). The practice of having opera singers entertain at fashionable parties seems to have been fairly common at this time: cf I4z8n2. The account of MA'S party does not mention the presence of any musicians. 2 From Pope's 'Imitation of the First Satire of the Second Book of Horace' 1 26.

174

I am only Mrs. Disraeli['s] Secretary in this note. The Review tomorrow, if there be one, shd. commence at n: our dejeuner a[t] two. Believe me, kind Sir, I Your faithful Sert I B Disraeli TO: LADY SEYMOU.

Grosvenor Gate, Saturday [28 June 1845]

ORIGINAL: PRC [2] COVER: Lady Seymour I Spring Gardens I B Disraeli EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by internal evidence; see 1421111.

142.3

Dear Lady Seymour, Grosvenor Gate I Saty. Lord Fitzroy Somerset1 writes to me that her Majesty has fixed next Monday for the Review wh: the elements prevented this / morning. We shall on Monday receive our friends at all events, & I need not add how very gratified, & how highly honored, we shall / be by Lady Seymour's presence. Her obliged & faithful I Servant I B Disraeli TO: LADY LONDONDERR.

Grosvenor Gate, Sunday [29 June? 1845]

ORIGINAL: DURHAM CRO DA2 0/1x3/0530(24) 30 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Lady Londonderry 11-12, dated June 1845 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the apparent reference to MA'S 'dejeuner' on 30 June 1845.

Dear Lady, Grosvenor Gate I Sunday morng It often occasions me great unhappiness, that the personage to whose condescending kindness I am most indebted, & that, too, at a period of my life when it was doubly precious, should be the only one to whom, as it were by some fatal spell, it seems I never can have / an opportunity of expressing my sense of her graciousness. Yet life is not so long, & these feelings not so common, that I would willingly let them die. We will not presume to ask you to honor us by visiting us tomorrow, tho' the gratification would be deep, & my wife would esteem it the highest possible distinction, because all this, / even to decline, might trouble you. But the often recurring feeling of regret having at this moment dominion of my heart, I cannot resist its expression. I will not apologise for it, for I feel you can comprehend me, since I know, from experience, that you have not only a great station, but that cultivated mind / that prompts to sympathy. Though you may welcome this with silence, deign at least, therefore, dear Lady, not to receive it with unkindness; but permit me to take this occasion, tho' it may be my only one, of assuring you, that I am ever your grateful, &, I will add, tho' with profound respect, Your attached Servant I B Disraelil 1 Lt-Gen Lord FitzRoy Somerset was to be in attendance with the Royal party and officer staff at the postponed review on 30 June 1845. The Times (i Jul 1845). 1 This appears to be the first surviving letter to mark the resumption of the friendship between D and Lady Londonderry, which apparently lapsed with his marriage. In a note (dated by MA 'i845-July i6th'

'75

1424

1425

TO: [SARAH DISRAELI

[London, late June? 1845]

ORIGINAL: H 0/1/1354 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The following is a note in D'S hand written on a dated statement: 'June i8th. 1845 ' Curiosities 416 I Miscellanies 422 I Amenities 185'. Presumably D sent it to Sarah for Isaac's information. Dating: approximate; by context.

Since the acct. was rendered as above, I have seen Moxon, who says there has been a little stir in the Curios[itie]s wh: shows witht. doubt that Bohn1 has none. D.

1426

TO: STEPHEN ISAACSO ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [109]

Grosvenor Gate [Friday] 4 July 1845

COVER: The I Revd. Step: Isaacson I A.M. I Bakewell I Derby I D

PRIVATE Grosvenor Gate I July 4. 1845 Mr Disraeli presents his compliments to Mr. Isaacson,* & is much honored by his communication of the 27 Ulto. Mr Disraeli would be very happy to see Mr / Isaacson's talents employed in the promulgation of those political & social views, wh: Mr D has himself attempted to develope - but he / can offer no practical encouragemt to the suggestion thrown out by Mr Isaacson, tho' if that gentleman carry it into effect, it will have Mr D's / best wishes for its success.

1427

TO: JAMES CROSSLE

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 17 July 1845

ORIGINAL: QUA 413 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The envelope accompanying this letter has been endorsed in another hand: Aug 1876 I Letter from Benjamin D'Israeli Esq to me in 1845 on a confidential subject. Now Earl of Bea-tinaoijoijdoouiiodhudhkdiojjdofjdjdiodfiuh consfield I Jas Crossley.' Sic: 5 or 3OOo£; is ... is. but more probably 16 June) she had gracefully thanked D for a copy of Sybil (in which she figures as the Marchioness of Deloraine). To his extraordinarily guarded invitation she wrote a cordial reply, from Rosebank on 'Sunday Evg" (29 June, though dated by MA 'i845-July 3Oth'), thanking both the DS and regretting that she would be out of town 'tomorrow.' She added that she had also regretted the break in their acquaintance and expressed, with compliments, the hope that they would meet sometimes in the future. H B/xx/v/i4o,i4i; M&B n 261. See further 1428. 1 Henry George Bohn (1796-1884), a bookseller and publisher at 4 & 5 York Street, Covent Garden, well known for his 'guinea catalogue' (1841) of his massive collection of important, old, valuable and remaindered books (at Isaac's request through Moxon he had sent Isaac a copy), was at this time beginning to concentrate on his trade in remainders, the success of which laid the foundation for his subsequent success as a publisher of a series of cheap 'Libraries'. H 0/1/84. According to Moxon's account dated 30 June 1845 anc^ *"s covering letter of 'Wednesday' (2 July 1845), 2^8 copiesmnk of Isaac's Curiosities had been sold to Bohn at 8/$d per copy, and an additional 285 had been sold at wlzd per copy. H 0/1/1355-6. 1 Stephen Isaacson (1798-1849), BA (Cambridge) 1820, rector of St Paul, Demerara 1826-32, had bee active in England against the abolition of slavery.

I76

CONFIDENTIAL Juty. James Crossley Esq My dear Sir, It is possible you can do me a great service, & as, from my observation of your character, I am disposed to place in you a complete confidence, I address you without reserve. I wish to raise at this moment for a subject of great confidence & importance a sum of 5 or 3ooo£.' My resources are these. My clear income from lands & public securities is exactly, / according to the rentals & vouchers wh: I will place in your hands, is £6375. but the whole of this property is settled, with the exception of the rents of an estate in Bucks, the legal possession of wh: is in my father.2 I have applied to a publisher for an advance of 5ooo£ on my copyrights, having in my possession the estimate made last year of the profits of a collected edition of my works in ten volumes, calculated only on a sale of 5000 copies at 6/ pr vol, being little / more than my present rate of a work at £i.ios.6d. He has offered me the 500o£ for the copyright of these works, but declines to advance his capital on mortgage. I believe the copyrights to be worth double £5000, but I am disinclined to sell them at any price, having myself repurchased the copyright of "Vivian Grey", only last year, at a high price, in order that I might ever possess the complete property of my writings. 3 This is a sort of security wh: booksellers of course best understand. It is difficult to speak of it to lawyers; but you / are not merely a lawyer, but a literary man, & it has occurred to me, you might be able to assist me: I will add, that you might be inclined to. If you have anything to communicate to me, have the kindness to address me at the Carlton Club, Pall Mall - as this is an affair strictly private - & not to Grosvenor Gate, where I write this. If you can arrange this affair, you will confer on me, from peculiar circumstances, a very great obligation; & if you cannot, my application to you will at least show, that my feelings towards you are very friendly[.] Yours faithfully I B Disraeli

1 Since the 1841 election D'S financial troubles appear to have recurred in two-year cycles. At this time, he was involved in negotiations with Lovell (see 1428 below), apparently in connection with Goldshede: see i3OO&m and 1336^4. H A/v/G/i8a. Crossley had been the DS' guest, with Milnes, Ains worth and his daughter, and D.D. Jameson, at a breakfast on 17 May 1845. H ace. 2 Wright was probably the person on whom the income from MA'S life-interest had been 'settled': see i33O&nm-3. Isaac had assigned the £130 rent of Colstrope Farm, Bucks, to D in 1837. See 128am. 3 There are in D'S correspondence with Colburn two relevant items: an undated estimate in D'S han,d the £3,750 profits to be derived from a collected edition in 10 volumes to be published one per month, calculated on a sale of 5,000 copies at 6/- each; and, also in D'S hand, a memorandum on th £2,184 profits (three-fifths to go to the author) to be derived from 'a Work in 3 vols pt 8vo' based on a sale of 3,000 copies at £1.11.5 each. H E/vn/D/68. For the agreement for the collected edition and the return of copyright signed with Colburn on 10 February 1845 see 13^6n3. A lo-volume col-me co lected edition issued monthly was eventually to be published by Longmans in 1870-1. Stewart 107, No 653.

177

1428

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Saturday 19 July 1845]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/a88 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the social events mentioned; see nna,4.

My d[eares]t Sa, Lovell is in negotiation still, but is now at the Lancaster Assizes,1 & won't be back till Monday; therefore my letters remain unanswered. / On Wednesday at Lansdowne House, a palace & the most recherche party.2 Nothing can be conceived more splendid, or more courteous to us, than the son of Shelburne.3 On Tuesday a / gigantic ball at Ld. Salisburys & yesterday a colossal fete at Ashburnham House.4 Tonight ano[the]r invit[ati]on & assembly at Lady Palmerstons.5 MA. suddenly finds herself floating in the / highest circles & much feted. She is of course delighted. Lady Jersey, who meets us everywhere, in a stupor of malice & astonishment! Fanny most friendly to me & sufficient]ly courteous to MA. The bell is ringing or I wd. write more: I shall not I say I have written this. When we get down to Brad[enham] we shall talk much of this great social revol[uti]on. yrs affly I D

1429

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAEL

[London] Monday 21 [July 1845]

ORIGINAL: H A/I/A/203 COVER: [Endorsed in MA'S hand:} 1845 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed on the last page of the MS by MA: '1845 ' Printers Pension fund [sic]' Dating: by D'S speech. Sic: artizan.

My darling, Monday I 21 Ju The finest meeting I ever was at, except Manchester, & in its character much more important. I spoke / capitally & produced the greatest enthusiasm. The greatest subscription ever known by far.1 My health was proposed by a young 1 Lancaster, on the Northern Circuit of the judges, had assizes in both Lent and Summer terms. British Almanac (1845). The Northern Circuit had, however, begun its sittings in York on n July, and then continued at Durham on 25 July. The Times (14, 28 July 1845). ^ seems not to have sat in Lancaster this summer. 2 On Wednesday 16 July Lady Lansdowne had given a 'grand concert' at Lansdowne House, Berkeley Square, to a large party including the principal members of the diplomatic corps and many of the aristrocacy. The music had been provided by 'all the principal Italian artistes', including Grisi and Lablache. H B/xxi/F/i74; MP (17 Jul 1845). Cf I422&m. 3 See I3go&m and i4O5&m. 4 On Friday 18 July, Baroness Brunnow, wife of the Russian ambassador, had given a grand ball at Ashburnham House for about 600 'leading members of the English aristocracy,' including royalty, the principal members of the diplomatic corps, and 'all the distinguished foreign personages at present in town'. The DS are included among the guests listed. MP (19 Jul 1845). 5 Lord Palmerston in 1839 had at last married Emily Mary Cowper (1787-1869), Dowager Countess Cowper, eldest daughter of ist Viscount Melbourne. Lady Palmerston had held assemblies on 12 and 19 July, both of which the DS are listed as having attended. MP (14, 21 Jul 1845). Lady Jersey is also listed among the guests at the former and at Baroness Brunnow's ball. 1 On 21 July 1845 D had presided at the grand festival of the Odd Fellows of the North London district at Vauxhall Gardens. According to MP (22 Jul 1845), he had addressed an audience of over 1,000

I78

artizan, / a natural orator. Nothing cd. be better conceived or finer delivered. He quoted "Coningsby" or "Sybil"; I don't know wh:. It was really fine.2 Your own I D TO: ROBERT PEMBERTON MILNE

Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 29 July 1845

1430

ORIGINAL: TCC Houghton 3680 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Dejeuner.

R.P. Milnes Esq Grosr Gate I July 29/45 My dear Mr Milnes, I beg you 10 thousand pardons for not before replying to your most kind letter,1 but I fancied from its tenor, that the reply was to have been sent to Frystone. / It ought to have reached that elegant & happy roof before this perhaps, but pity our ineffectual efforts to accede to your wishes, & still more to our own. I have been trying to hurry / on some business & other matters to reach you, but I find it impossible. My wife, who, with me, is much touched by your kindness, is sadly vexed, but hopes you will remember her in the wilds of Germany / wh: are preparing for her. By the bye, there is a High Dutch Review here on Saturday, & she gives another Monster Dejeuner.2 If you be in London, add to her happiness very much, by your presence. She joins me in every kind wish. Yours ever I B Disraeli TO: RICHARD MONCKTON MILNE

Grosvenor Gate, Wednesday 30 July [1845]

ORIGINAL: TCC 264 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: '20 July? 45', and on the last page of the MS: 'D'Israeli'. Dating: by context. members, 'more than usual interest' having been aroused by D'S reputation as MP, writer 'of a ne. class of works', and 'originator of a growing political party'. D'S speech, in addition to praising the society's character and potential for social benevolence, had touched on several Young England themes, particularly the need for unity and a popular base in order to achieve political reform. Neither The Times nor MC reported the meeting: in an undated letter (early 1845?) Sarah had mentioned hearing of a change of policy by The Times in its reporting of Young England because of a change of heart by young Walter and a resumption of editorial duties by John Walter Sr, 'always very much opposed to Young England'. H o/m/A/yo. See 1399^. 2 The 'young artizan' is not mentioned in the MP report, but Sarah, in her letter in response to an account of the meeting in a paper sent by the DS, says: 'I delight in Mr. Bateman's eloquence & feel ing'. H D/III/A/66. 1 This letter appears not to be in H. 2 The Grand Review in Hyde Park by the visiting King of the Netherlands, planned for Saturday 2 August, was to be postponed to Monday 4 August because of the weather. On 2 August the DS were t. give a 'breakfast' to Lady Orford, Lady Dorothy Walpole, the Pollingtons, the Alfred Montgomerys, Miss Montgomery, Miss West, Brinsley Sheridan, Miss Eleanor Williams, Lord Shelburne, William Cowper, comte Louis de Noailles, Monckton Milnes and Mr (Rainald?) Knightley. Lord Granby was invited but could not attend. H B/xxi/R/320. MA also recorded her annoyance that of the 27 invit.e who had promised only 15 had shown up. H ace. The term 'monster' in the sense used here had apparently just come into vogue at this time. OED.

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I431

My dear Milnes, Grosr Gate I July 30 Wednesday I Eve[nin]g We had intended to have had a monster Dejeuner on Saturday next, but the falling glass & heavens dissuade us. There is however a little Tommy day,' / breakfast at 12 o'ck sans facon, a few agreeable persons, the fair Radziwill 2 & others, whether the Review take place or not. I hope you will come, & pray persuade your father / if he be still in town. Yours faithfully I D.

1432

TO: SIR HARRY VERNE.

Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 9 August 1845

ORIGINAL: VER [4]

Sir Harry Verney Grosvenor Gate I Aug. 9. 1845 Dear Sir Harry, I ought, before this, to have thanked you for your welcome present of the "Verney Papers". 'The volume is a very interesting addition to my / historical library; & much valued by me, not merely for its contents, but for the sake of the donor, for whom I entertain very great esteem. Believe me, dear Sir Harry, I Your obliged & faithfl Ser[van]t, B Disraeli

J

433

TO: THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING POS

Grosvenor Gate [Saturday] 16 August 1845

ORIGINAL: PS MP 2 PUBLICATION HISTORY: MP (18 August 1845) EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Torreno; Escurial; Goettingen.ihdfhiuedn.

YOUNG ENGLAND PHILOSOPHY. ' SIR, Grosvenor-gate, August 16. A correspondent in your paper of Friday, who gives his name, boasting of his "researches concerning the early Jesuits," which appear, however, to be pursued in very obvious quarters, more than insinuates, that the statement in 1 The day on which a company's 'tommy shop' was open for dispensing goods in lieu of wages. See Sybil bk in ch i. 2 Prince William Radziwill in 1832 had married Countess Mathilde Clary-Aldringen (1806-1896). Princess William's parents were Prince Charles Clary-Aldringen and Countess Louise Chotek. Dino n. In the event, the Radziwills did not attend the breakfast, and later were to write expressing their hope that they had not made a mistake, given that the review was postponed. H B/XXI/R/I. 1 Verney Papers. Notes of Proceedings in the Long Parliament ... by Sir Ralph Verney, John Bruce ed (1845), publications of the Camden Society no 31. Sir Harry in 1827 had assumed the name of Verney instead of Calvert when he inherited the estate of his cousin, Mrs Verney of Claydon House, Bucks. As a factory reformer he was probably taken by Sybil. 1 MP on 29 and 31 July, 4, 15, 16 and (after D'S response) on 25 and 27 August 1845 ran a numberedkjdkojfjoidfhouihdfhdbbereds. series of anonymous articles by this title, dealing critically with some of the ideas propounded in Coningsby. They are written in a learned style, but display a strongly anti-semitic perspective not uncommon at the time. See notes ff.

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"Coningsby," that many of the first Jesuits were Jews, is quite unauthorised.2 Count Torreno, who was not only a Spanish Minister but a man of letters and learned in the history of his country, 3 informed me, that there is in the Escurial4 a Report on the Judaism of the early Jesuits, and that the hostility of Philip II. to this order was attributable to the belief of the King that it was mainly regulated by Nuevo Christianos.5 His Excellency mentioned this circumstance to me in reference to an observation that I had made to him, that I had found several passages in the Spanish literature of the sixteenth century which intimated this curious circumstance. Count Torreno was aware of the fact, and, indeed, it is so well known to those whose attention has been directed to the subject, that Ranke, himself an authority, in his "History of the Popes,"6 has referred to it as an accepted truth, and stating that in Spain the Government did not favour the Jesuits at their commencement, he mentions as the cause, that they were held "for the most part to be Jewish Christians, not of pure Spanish blood, and were believed to cherish projects of future vengeance for all that their persecuted race had suffered." Your correspondent also, as an irrefragable testimony against the statement in "Coningsby," refers to the "express article" in the Constitutions of the Jesuits which forbids the admission of any one of Jewish extraction in their body. This "express article" is not found in the early Constitutions of the society; and its insertion at a later date only proves the apprehension of the Christian brethren of the Order. In all probability the article came from Rome, prompted by the jealousy of the Italian Jesuits against their Spanish and NuevoChristiano colleagues. The evidence of the "express article" is therefore of a tendency directly the reverse to that assumed by your correspondent who signs 2 'Young England Philosophy. - No. iv.', on Friday 15 August, had included two letters from readers responding to quotations from Coningsby in earlier articles. The first is signed 'A.B.', but the second, signed 'Miles Gerald Keon', makes the contention to which D is referring. Miles Gerald Keon (1821-1875) had been a student at the Jesuit Stonyhurst College, and in September 1845 would publish in the third number of the Oxford and Cambridge Review a vindication of the Jesuits. In 1847 he was to join the staff of MP and become its Russian correspondent. He was appointed colonial secretary for Bermuda in 1859. 3 Jose Maria Quipo de Llano (1786-1843), Count of Toreno, was a liberal reformer, member of the Cortes of Cadiz 1810-13, president of the liberal Cortes of 1820, minister of finance 1834, briefly in 1835 president of the council of ministers, elected senator 1840, member of the Royal Academy of History. Diccionario de Historia de Espana (Madrid 1952) 2 vols. 4 The library at the Escurial, or Escorial - a combined convent, church, palace and mausoleum founded by Philip n of Spain (1527-1598) and completed in 1593 - was said to have been at one time the richest in Europe. 5 There has been some debate among Spanish historians about the social ascent of these 'new Christians', Christianized Jews who remained in Spain following the 1492 edict of expulsion. D probably exaggerates the number of these Christianized Jews in the Society of Jesus, which was only founded by a papal bull in 1540 under the leadership of St Ignatius Loyola. (The term Jesuit was originally one of opprobrium used by the Order's opponents.) 6 Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886) was professor of history at Berlin 1825-72 and author of numerous historical works. His History of the Popes in the i6th and i^th Centuries (3 vols, 1834-7) had been translated by Sarah Austin in 1840. A copy was in the Hughenden library.

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his name.7 I would now make one remark on the commentator on "Coningsby," who is so modest as to be anonymous, but who writes always with acuteness and information. It is not from any disrespect for him that I must decline, on the present occasion, to enter into the general question. He has taken considerably more than a year to answer three or four pages in my book, and as I am on the point of leaving London, he will excuse me from embarking in a controversy which may embrace the whole circle of tradition and history.8 He denounces the Jews as a race, because they are practisers of usury.9 Who made them so? Not "Moses and the Prophets;" not their stern judges and their splendid kings. Usury is forbidden by the Law. The Jews became dealers in money when the ignorant superstition of dark ages forbade them to do anything else. The commentator on "Coningsby" denies the warlike character of the Hebrew race.10 He cannot deny that they worshipped the "Lord of Hosts," that they knew how to conquer the Promised Land, and how to defend it. If for a season this brave and little nation sank before the might of the great monarchies, it cannot be denied that their kingdom at least survived those empires. No race struggled so long and so valiantly against Rome, and though the plough of Titus was driven over the site of the Temple, u the vanquished sent a fisherman from the Sea of Galilee to Rome, who overcame the conquerors in their haughty capital, and planted a Jewish dynasty on the throne of the Caesars. The Hebrew intellect thus installed civilised Europe; and had it not been for Simon Peter, the German race might have remained barbarians, printing, among other arts, might not have been discovered, and the commentator on "Coningsby" not have had the opportunity of abusing the Jews in the columns of your paper. The commentator on "Coningsby" seems to confound the invasion of Spain by the Mahommedan Arabs with the earlier emigration from Africa into Spain of the Mosaic Arabs. 12 It is difficult to argue with such misconceptions. Does the 7 On 'Tuesday' (19 August?) Sarah was to write to say that Isaac thought D'S letter 'one of his most skilful answers', although he wondered how D had discovered that the 'express article' was not in the first constitution of the Jesuits. H D/ni/A/68. 8 In article vi, on 25 August, the commentator replied that his name was available to D or to anyone else who had 'a right to require it', that the articles had in fact been written 'in an exceedingly brief period of time', and that he too could claim absence from London as an excuse to decline 'a controversy on the merits of the Jews'. The articles may have been written by Sir Robert Harry Inglis, the MP noted for his reactionary views: he and D at this time happened to find themselves on the same side on Maynooth and on protection, and the articles begin with grudging praise of D. 9 The first article (29 July) had argued that the 'devourer' of power in the historical succession from Barons, Church, Monarch and parliament had, contrary to D'S contention, been usury: 'To th influence of the principle of usury do we owe the disappearance of FAITH and TRUTH from the intercourse of man with man.' The fifth article (16 August) had developed the thesis that 'the Jews may be regarded as an embodiment of the principle of usury.' 10 Article HI (4 August) had argued that history showed the Jews to be a race of countryless slaves 'unable to produce a solitary great man', thereby purporting to refute D'S contentions 'as to the purity of [the Jews'] blood ... their courage, their genius [and their] vast influence ... over the destinies of the human race.' Article v (16 August) had returned to these topics. 11 Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus Titus (AD 40/41-81) was the Roman emperor who captured Jerusalem in AD 70 and ordered the Temple demolished. 12 Article v (16 August) had contended that 'the Arabs who over-ran Spain were not Jews. Does Mr. Disraeli claim for Ishmael the glory of having peopled Arabia?'

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commentator on "Coningsby" deny that the bulk of the nobility of Arragon, before the union of the two crowns,13 were of Hebrew race? If so, he impugns a fact as well attested as any which history has preserved. But while I must decline now entering into the general question, there is one point which I will notice, for the commentator on "Coningsby" has more than once recurred to it. He denies my statement that the Jews were a Caucasian race.14 The commentator appeals to Gush, and invokes the evidence of Nimrod,15 whom he describes as the greatest of men, one who "established a system of religion which has found its way to the opposite extremities of the earth, and devised a system of policy the influence of which is active in the present day." I might observe, in passing, that neither Gush nor Nimrod would have been known had it not been for the literature of the Hebrews; among whose sacred volumes, however, I can find no authority for the dogmatic description with which we have just been favoured of their achievements.16 But I will not involve myself with the pedigree of the descendants of Noah. They have for centuries proved a stumbling-block to more learned men even than the commentator on "Coningsby." The question of races is no longer to be settled by the dreams of erudition, and I dismiss them, from the Talmud of Babylon to the pages of Mr. Faber. 17 We are indebted to modern science for a classification of nations more satisfactory than the fantastic assumptions of the schools. Blumenbach, the Newton of physiology, has established a division which has received the sanction of all succeeding authorities. In the "Beytrage zur Naturgeschichte" it is laid down that mankind is divided into five races - i. Caucasian; 2. Mongolian; 3. Malayan; 4. American; 5. Ethiopian. 18 The Caucasian variety is there described as including all the European nations both ancient and modern except the Finns and Laplanders; it also embraces those of Asia, to the west of a line drawn in the direction of the longest diameter of the Euxine Sea, passing along the chain of Caucasus, through the Caspian sea, along the river Oxus, then turning to the south-west, along the Himalayan range, to the Bay of Bengal: "among these we may enumerate Hindostan, Persia, Turkey, Arabia; the Assyrians, Medes, Chaldeans, Sarmatians, Parthians, Philistines, Phoenicians, Jews, Georgians, Circassians, Affghans, Mingrelians, Armenians, Egyptians, Abyssinians, and Guauches, the ancient inhabitants of the Canary Isles." 13 Aragon (or Arragon) and Castile were united under Ferdinand and Isabella in 1479. 14 Although this point is made repeatedly throughout the articles, Article iv (15 August) is the source of the statements and the quotation which D here goes on to refute. 15 Gush was the eldest son of Noah's son Ham, and the father of Nimrod. Genesis 10:6,8. 16 Article iv had contended that 'the descendants of Ham have always been the rulers of the world' and that Nimrod, 'the only monarch who ever achieved ... universal monarchy', among many other achievements had devised what later came to be known as Hellenism. 17 George Stanley Faber (1773-1854) had been one of the authorities cited in Article iv for the contention that Noah's curse had been pronounced against Canaan, and not against Ham. Among Faber's works on relevant topics is his Horae Mosaicae, or a View of the Mosaical Records with respect to their coincidence with Profane Antiquity and their connection with Christianity (1801). 18 Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840), German physiologist and anthropologist, professor of medicine at Gottingen 1776, had conducted craniometrical researches on 60 human specimens which led him in his Beytrage zur Naturgeschichte ... (Gottingen 1790-1811) to categorize the human race as D describes.

183

The learned Dr. Pritchard in his "Physical History of Man,"19 a work of the highest class, has adopted, and developed with important accessions of information, this classification of the great professor of Goettingen. All that I have remarked, in addition to the concurrence of the learned that the Jews are a Caucasian race, is the important circumstance, that they are the only Caucasian race that has remained pure and unmixed.20 I am, Sir, I Your faithful servant, I B. DISRAELI.

J

434

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Carlton Club [Saturday] 23 August 1845.

ORIGINAL: H ^1/8/267,403 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The letter fragments listed in H as A/i/B/aGy and A/I/B/4O3 clearly form a single letter: the catchword 'harassed' at the end of the former is repeated at the start of the latter. Because the place of origin and date occur at the end of the second fragment, we have in this instance not followed our convention of putting them in the standardized place at the head of the letter. Sic: out out.

[H A/i/B/26y:]My dear Sa Colburn has sent back the illfated MSS.1 I don't think I can do anything more at present, & therefore it shall be sent down to Brad[enham] directed to Ralph. MA. exhausted by work, 2 is proceeding with her / packing, with now almost fatal rapidity, for unless affairs quietly mend, (wh: after all they generally do) it will be quite impossible for me to go; & I know not what excuse to make for my staying in town & for many other things. / But I hope the best, tho' daily disappointed as it is, it is quite out of my power to be away: or even to avoid calling at this club daily where really I have no decent excuse to be. MA. seems surprised I have not taken the opportunity of coming down to you, but as for the last / fortnight, I have been in daily, or rather hourly expectation of being called upon to ensure my life, undergo the necessary examinations, make the necessary references &c &c, you see the clear impossibility. I am in hopes 19 James Cowles Pritchard (1779-1848), MD, FRS, had published his Researches into the Physical History of Mankind in 1813. 20 Article vi (25 August) was to contend that D'S arguments were self-contradictory, that the 'usuriou habits of the Jews' could be traced beyond the Dark Ages to the money-changers driven out of the Temple by Christ, and similarly scoff at D'S other points. Article vn (27 August, dated 21 August 1845) was to continue this rebuttal, and conclude by arguing that, according to the scientific cri-jdojcojto the scisjfksjnjfsdioujdifonio.l teria cited by D, 'nearly half the inhabitants of the earth' were 'physiological Caucasians': 'I admit the Jews to be ... human beings ... but I do not admit that they form any portion of "the aristocracy of nature."' On 'Wednesday' (27 August?) Sarah was to write expressing her delight that the commentator had been 'disturbed from his calm learned dignity' and been made to show 'his long ears'. H o/m/A/Gg. 1 These MSS may have been the articles on England and on Turkey with which D had previously helpe Sarah. See I356&n6, igGz&nG, 1365^3 and I368&n4. 2 MA was evidently in a fragile emotional state at this time. Just before the DS left for the continent she rushed in to Lady de Rothschild, prophesying doom for herself and D, and insisted on reading a will leaving everything (after D, except for a £100 legacy to Robert Peel Dawson), to Evelina, the Rothschilds' second daughter. The will, in D'S hand, is dated 5 September 1845. Anothe will, dated 1845 but unsigned and with the day and month left blank, left everything (after D) to Robert Peel Dawson, eldest son of the George Dawsons. L. Cohen Lady de Rothschild and her Daughters 1821-1931 (1935) 47-9; H o/i/Misc 3a,3b.

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the favorable change in the weather may / assist me. At present the new edit[ion]s of my old nonsense have been my excuse. I have managed pretty well to read & correct them - but I really in my present distraction, cannot command my mind sufficient to write / the new prefaces to them, wh: Colburn insists upon.3 I turn out very well in my uniform wh: is really splendid:4 I am not gazetted, because "a young nobleman who is absent" was made at the same [time] by Ld. C[arrington] as myself/ & we are to be gazetted toge[the]r. Why, I know not, as of course we have separate commissions (I have received mine) & who is the young noble who is absent? What young noble in Bucks? Surely not Chandos. 5 We dine tomorrow en famille with the Lionels / almost the only persons in town except ourselves. They too wd. be at Gunnersbury had it not been for the illness of Mrs. Fitzroy: 6 inflammation & nearly given over - now out out of danger. You understand why I have not written; harassed [H A/I/B/4O3:] to death - The Oxford & Cam: Review - I will send you the 2 Nos. published. In the first a Rev[ie]w of Sybil by Lord John & in the second a most remarkable art: on Lord Grey by Smythe in wh: I am twice gusted. This art: / has made a great noise & quite established the Review but as Ld John is I believe gone to Stamboul & Smythe to Germany, I am afraid the following Nos. will knock it up. So much for Dandies being Critics.7 / I am afraid that the new gaming Act, smuggled thro' the House, during one of the damned morning sittings with[ou]t a gentleman present, will absolutely knock 3 See I386&n3 and I436&m&2. Colburn was to publish a 3-volume edition 'with a Portrait of the Author' of Alroy and Contarini Fleming, with prefaces dated July 1845, on 24 December 1845 (dated 1846). H E/vii/D/aoff; MP (24 Dec 1845). The verY carefully written MS of the preface to Contarini Fleming and the revised proof (with MS additions) of the preface to Alroy are in the Victoria and Albert Museum (catalogue nos 29-31). Both prefaces are reprinted in several later editions of the novels. 4 MA recorded that the 'Deputy Lieut. Uniform' had cost £32. H ace (4 Sept 1845). 5 See i4OO&na and I4i8&m. D was gazetted deputy-lieutenant of Bucks on 5 September with George Augustus Frederick Louis Curzon Howe (1821-1876), Viscount Curzon, after 1870 2nd Earl Howe, eldest son of ist Earl Howe, of Penn House, Bucks, and Gopsall, Leicestershire. Lord Curzon at this time was in St Petersburg. MP (4, 6 Sep 1845). He was to De Conservative MP for Leicestershirenfojhiu. South 1857-70. 6 Hannah Fitzroy was the younger sister of Baron Lionel de Rothschild. Sarah missed D'S letter and i her letter the next day asked 'What did you do at Gunnersbury?' H D/ni/A/72. 7 Sarah had asked about reviews of Sybil in The Westminster Review, The New Quarterly Review, and The Oxford and Cambridge Review and had asked if D knew anything of The British Quarterly Review. The Oxford and Cambridge Review, as its first article in its first number (July 1845, i-n), had published an anonymous and pedestrian review of Sybil. Article VH of its second number (August 1845, 195~2I9)' ostensibly an anonymous review of 'Etudes sur les Orateurs. Par Timon [Louis Marieojhtoishtojoshdfijhiukhasijf. de la Haye, vicomte de Cormenin]. Bruxelles. 1834', is a glowing account of 2nd Earl Grey as a 'perfect rhetorician'. Although D'S name occurs once in the article and there is another oblique refer ence to him, his ideas and style are evident throughout. In fact, the article draws on first-hand recollections of Grey's style from a time when Smythe was a child. The journal ran until December 1847. Sarah in her letter of 6 October was to report on the latest issues of several journals, adding that 'your young Review has been attacking the Times & suggests an efficacious & speedy way of annihilating it - every body (at the Bar) is not to read it, & every body is to get one other body to engage to do the same ...' On 15 November she mentions that 'in future the Editor [of the O.&C.R.] says only members of the two universities shall be allowed to contribute'. Stewart 70 No 279; H D/in/A/Gg, A/i/B/626,630. From what can be deciphered of Smythe's letters to D and MA at this time, D had been assigning jobs to the Young England group which may have included the writing of articles for this new journal: '[dated by MA: Jany 1845] Dear Romancer - I will gladly come to you on Monday - and any evening will come and have a "rede" - I have not been working alack - but

185

up Crockf[or]ds.8 They say it will positively be dissolved. What folly! / It was the only place in London where there was no cheating! Love to all. I hope to write in a day or two more satisfactorily. D Carlton I Aug 23 745.

J

435

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAEL

[London, Thursday] 28 August 1845

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/4oi EDITORIAL COMMENT: The DS' sixth anniversary. Sic: said,"; prophecy.

August 28. 1845 To Mary Anne i. "Henceforth confide in me" she smiling said," My sunlit destiny shall glance on thee, In spite of all thy gloom." And those sweet words Brought faith & solace to the Mournful life Fortune had ever crossed. They seemed but slight; Playful expression of a buoyant mind; Rallying a pensive youth, as if to chace A transient cloud: & yet a prophecy Proved those bright words! ill "Henceforth confide in me" Be still thy plea, fair Prophetess of bliss! My trust is perfect. Nor could the golden Sun, artificing ... [dated by MA: 1845^ any 25tn-l I shall be delighted to come to G Gate - with notes & wait upon Mrs. Dis, and yourself ... I am sticking horribly, but shall nevertheless bring my quota ... [dated by MA: Jany 3oth 1845] Seriously I return to my charge - you must cut out Dalmatiaf?] altogether, and change not inferior - into other words ... [dated by MA: 184 ] To day I wrote two Articles, and both began with you: but they cut out your name and the citation particularly from Sybil ... We might perhaps meet again ... It struck me t'other day that men of genius were God Almighty's spies ... you are his Police Minister, and his immediate trustee qua this writer's future ..." BEA [i97Q-200Q,223Q]. See also 1396^. Then in August there appears to have been a serious falling out between D and Smythe: '[dated by MA: i845-August] Dis! If you were not such an infant, I would be angry with you! Why were you so sulky the other day; & then, you make Mrs. Dis write me a letter saying our friendship is over, & then - you ask me to do, what you know I cant ... [dated by MA: 1845] Dear Mrs Disraeli ... After your letter I ought perhaps to speak of my friendship with Dis, as of the past, but I regard it too much not to be sorry, that he should think so ill of me, as I know you had thought, and as you now frankly tell me, you have done ... [dated by MA: 1845] ••• You were angry with me because I sympathized less with D in Sybil than in Coningsby,ijhasfdihiudshkjtfhihfijshscgicih. but you must not think I love or admire him less ...' BEA [2035-206^]. For Manners's articles in subsequent issues of The Oxford and Cambridge Review see ijjigng. 8 Although the House had met at 12 noon for most of July, it in fact had met at the usual time of 4:00 p.m. on 31 July, when it had given 3rd reading and approval to the Games and Wagers Bill, a minor amendment being defeated 44-10 plus tellers. The bill had been given 2nd reading as the last item of business during an afternoon (ie 'morning') session on 21 July. The bill extended the basis on which search warrants for suspected gaming houses could be issued, removed all legal recognition of wagers, and stipulated that fraudulent gambling be treated as extortion. The bill had been given royal assent on 8 August. Hansard LXXXII cols 793-6, 1296-7, 1516. Crockford's Club was to close in early September and reopen in May 1849 as the Naval, Military and County Service Club. Handbook of London; The Satirist (7 Sept 1845).

186

Throughout his annual course, illume a day Of livelier faith than this: this day that sealed Thy sweet prediction; for it gave me thee; With all thy charms & virtues; & our fates Blended in one most happy Destiny! D TO: [HENRY COLBURN.

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] 31 August 1845,

ORIGINAL: VAM MS 28 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The 'sketch of a title page' for the new edition of Alroy is in fact not 'enclosed' but written on the fourth page of the letter.

My dear Sir, G. Gate. I August 31. 1845. I enclose herein the Prefaces to "Contarini" & to "Alroy".1 I must beg particular attention to the printing of them. The MS. is so legible, that any error would be unpardonable. "Cont[arin]i" will make two good "Sybil" volumes. The first vol[um]e shd. end I think at p. 195 of the 2nd. Vol[um]e of the original edit[io]n. As the work is written in sections & not chapters, the books shd. be indicated by a half title. The same observation applies to / the new edit[io]n of Alroy. Otherwise the volumes wo[ul]d have a heavy & too unbroken an appearance. This latter (Alroy) will not authorise an appearance beyond one volume. I suggest that the title shd. be altered from what it now figures as, simply to that of "Alroy" with a happy motto, 2 as appears by the sketch of a title page also enclosed. I again particularly request a vigilant & competent supervision of the Press of these two editions. With regard to Vivian Grey, I find that the preparation for a new & "standard" edit[io]n / is an affair of so much more weight than we had at first contemplated, that I find it necessary, tho' most unwillingly, to take the vols. with me. The matter does not press, & towards the end of the year we shall be able to communicate on the subject.3 Wishing you every success in these new ventures, I remain, yours faith [full] y I B Disraeli I TO. / ALROY

by B. Disraeli M.P. author of "Coningsby" "And where art thou, 1 See I434&n3_ In his preface to Contarini Fleming D justifies his use of the autobiographical mode in the novel as 'the only instrument that cod. penetrate the innermost secrets of the brain' in its depiction of 'the development & formation of the Poetic Character.' The preface to Alroy identifies the inspiration for the novel as D'S visit to Jerusalem in 1831 (see VOL I no), gives an historical sketch of the medieval period of the novel, and claims that its 'supernatural machinery' is 'Cabbalistical and correct.' 2 The original title of The Wondrous Tale of Alroy in later editions was changed again, to Alroy, or The Prince of the Captivity with the motto '"A Wondrous Tale"' included on the title page. 3 According to Stewart (43 No 42), Colburn never published another edition of Vivian Grey, and the next edition of the novel did not appear until 1853.

I87

143.6

"My Country! On thy voiceless shore, The heroic lay is silent now; The heroic bosom beats no more. And must thy lyre, so long divine, Degenerate into hands like mine!" London H.C. / [In D'S hand?]Please return this to Mr Shoberl4 for his guidance. J

437

TO: [JAMES SHIRLEY HODSON?

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] 31 August 184,5

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [7] EDITORIAL COMMENT: For the probable recipient see m.

Dear Sir, Grosr Gate I Aug 31/45 I am only passing thro' town - but I want, if you can send me one, a copy of my speech at the Printers dinner; to give to a gentleman who, I hope will support yr Society.' Yours f[aithfu]lly I D

1438

TO: RICHARD MONCKTON MILNE ORIGINAL: TCC 262

.Grosvenor Gate, Wednesday [August 1845?]

EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand on the first page of the MS: '? 1845'. ^ tne conjectured yearjihdfiufhisdhncihishfhfihdsd is correct, the most likely time for this letter is the interval between the prorogation of parliament on 9 August and the DS' departure for the continent on 9 September.

Dear Milnes, Gro Gate I Wednesday After a visit to Dulwich to day, we have some people dining with us. I find the 4 Probably William Shoberl (d 1853), an assistant to Colburn and son of Frederic Shoberl, who wasokajfdiuyfuehfkjhsdiufysdihfiuwi associated with Colburn in the founding of NMM. Boase. William Shoberl was later to be a publisher at 20 Great Marlborough Street. 1 On Tuesday, 8 April 1845, at tne London tavern, Bishopsgate St, D had presided at a public dinnerijshdfiuyhsdiufhdousyftoaodidi. marking the i8th anniversary of the Printers' Pension Society, an organization for the relief of aged and infirm printers and their widows. Thomas Barnes in 1836 in a letter to D had conveyed a rumour that it was 'a political much more than a charitable Club ... one of the worst of the Trades' Unions ...' In his speech to the 150 people (chiefly master printers) in attendance, D had challenged the members to multiply their support of the cause, while commenting wryly on the lack of support from the authors of England. According to one account of the event, D had distinguished himself by his amiability towards John Leech, who had just satirized him several times in Punch. Henry Vizetelly Glances Back Through Seventy Years (1895) 302-3. On 7 May 1845, the secretary of the society, James Hodson, wrote to D enclosing a resolution thanking D for his 'earnest and able' speech, which had brought in the largest subscription (£400) the society had ever received. James Shirley Hodson (1819-1899), a master printer of 112 Fleet St, 15 Cross St and 17 Clement's Lane, since 1838 also a publisher, had published D'S speech and is therefore probably the person to who. D wrote for a copy. Hodson was to be secretary of the Printers Pension Almshouse and Asylum Corporation 1861-99, to originate the Caxton Memorial Exhibition in 1877, and to publish History of the Printing Trade Charities (1883). Boase. The 'gentleman' for whom D is requesting the copy was probably D.D. Jameson, who had written to MA asking her to keep her promise of letting him have a copy of the speech. A proof of the speech is in H s/xv/2. MC, MP, The Times (9 Apr 1845); A Directory of Printers compiled by William B. Todd (1972); H A/iv/M/65, B/xxi/B/gS, B/XXI/J/II, B/xv/c/2; Stewart 101, No 613.

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small party has expanded within the last twenty four hours / into a larger one; & you may find some people you may like to meet, if you chance to be disengaged at 1/4 before 8 to day. I hope we shall be / so fortunate. Ever yrs f[aithfu]ll[y] I D. If you like to go to Dulwich with us, my wife will call for you at three. TO: RICHARD WRIGH

[London, late August 1845?]

ORIGINAL: H A/v/B/37 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: conjectural: cf the references to D being kept in town by business in 1434, 1440 and 1441.

'439

PRIVATE

My dear Wright, I hope to do so immediately. I am mainly staying in town for that purpose, but have been much pressed / since we parted. I hope the baths have done you good. Ever yrs flly I D. TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Carlton Club, Friday 5 September [1845]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/aSg EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context. See ni.

1440

My dearest Sa Cn Cb I Friday Sep 5 Here I stick - but the clouds are dispelling. I hope to write to you tomorrow more satisfactorily. In the meantime, I thought you wd be glad to hear I was alive & pretty / well considering. Everything here quite dead & indeed everywhere, & the only remarkable thing, that Horace Pitt from pure ennui has gone & married Nelly Holmes, his chere / amie for many years wh: makes it more wonderful, as well as of all his friends Nelly is now the Hon: Mrs Horace. A scandalous story to write to your pure bowers, but the / only thing to tell & having the merit of being new - quite. l Yours affly I D TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Carlton Club [Saturday 6 September 1845]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/2go EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 1440; and by the DS' departure. See na. Sic: coute qui coute.

1 Horace Pitt (1814-1880), second son of 3rd Baron Rivers, after 1867 6th and last Baron Rivers, lieutenant-colonel of the Royal Horse Guards, on 10 April 1845 had married Eleanor Suter (or Sutar) (d 1872) 'to the despair of his family.' Nancy Mitford ed The Ladies of Alderley ... 1841-1850 (1938) no. For her colourful background see (VOL in) io67nia. Sarah in a letter of i December 1842 had referred to 'Miss Eleanor Sutor, (alias Nelly Holmes).' H A/i/B/623- The wedding was apparently kept very quiet, for at this time The Satirist was running scurrilous paragraphs on 'Nelly Holmes'kjdhfidhfde with no hint of her marriage. The first (doubting) reference to the marriage was to appear on 14 September 1845. ^n tne peerages available to the editors the marriage is not recorded until afterokjnad the 6th Baron's succession (in Lodge (1869)).

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1441

My dearest Sa, Altho' written from the Carlton this is a public despatch, as I told MA. I shd. write from this. She is very low & shattered, 1 not slept for the last week & must have change of air & scene / immediately, so I hope we shall contrive to get off on Monday afternoon, 2 tho' it depends on circ[umstanc]es - but still I think coute qui coute we must go. I shall be out on Monday / morning early & will then write you a private despatch, with all my instructions &c.3 I am to beg you to receive our letters as before & forward any you think of interest - on this also I will write to you / supplementary instructions. I am quite worn out, tho' on the whole affairs have turned out pretty well. I need not say how many pangs it costs me to leave London with[ou]t seeing you all - but there is no alternative. I can keep MA. here no longer. 1000 loves I D / You had better answer this by return of post to Gror Gate[.}

144

TO: MESSRS THOMPSON & C. ORIGINAL: EDU La n 422/55

Grosvenor Gate [Sunday] 7 September 1845

Messrs. Thompson & Co1 Grosvenor Gate, Park Lane I Sept. 7. 1845 Mincing Lane Gentflemen], Mr Montgomery Martin writes to Mrs Disraeli that he has consigned to her, to your care, a chest of tea. We leave London tomorrow for the Continent, but if / the chest arrive in our absence, you can forward it, if you please, to my house.2 Yours faithfully I B Disraeli

H43

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[Carlton Club, Monday 8 September 1845.]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/agi EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand on the first page of the MS: 'Sepr. 8. 1845'. D has inserted 'financial' before 'future' as an afterthought. Dating: by context. Cf I44i&n2, which also establishes the place of origin.

My dearest Sa, We had intended to have got off this afternoon, but MA. is so unwell, that I 1 See Bradford 164-6 for the view that MA was in an unbalanced condition at this time. 2 The DS in fact did not leave for the continent until Tuesday 9 September 1845, and returned on 1 January 1846. H ace. 3 See 1443. 1 WJ. Thompson, tea and coffee broker, 38 Mincing Lane. Robson's Directory. 2 On 20 April 1845 Martin had written to MA from Hong Kong (where he was treasurer January 1844-July 1845) to congratulate D on Coningsby and to say he had sent from Canton a chest of suchas tea, whichokjsafoidjfodkojfhiiojhtioue. he believed not to be available in England. He also bewailed his lot, 'left to rot & die on a useless, barren, pestilential rock - of not the slightest value to England.' Sarah on 22 October reported that Messrs Thompson had carried out D'S instructions, and she offered to pay the £2.4. COStS. H E/VI/O/46, A/I/B/628.

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have postponed it till tomorrow - when I hope we may escape, as change of scene is sadly wanted, I assure you. In a few days, Mr Bailey, my agent, now of Chester, will remit you Moxon's balance in the shape of £100 - 30 of wh: you must enclose in / my directed cover to Nash & the rest will grease the wheels.1 My affairs, tho they have occasioned much anxiety & wasted precious time, have turned out better than I cd. have expected; & on the whole the financial future is more promising than I can well remember it: perhaps the last, or at least a latter storm, before the weather fixes. I think it quite impossible that any unpleasant letters can arrive. / You must howr. use yr. discretion. The moment we are settled, we will write & apprise you when you are to commence yr. duties. I have made up a little parcel containing some reviews, Moxon's accts. &c. wh: will arrive by Taplin. There were no books to send, as MA. had not read them & wished to take them. I shd. not be at all surprised that we may yet meet this year: but when[eve]r we do, I hope it will be in happiness. You / can understand the pang it costs me to leave England with[ou]t seeing you, but there was no alternative. To this very moment my affairs occupy me. Report all monies paid into Drummonds according to their letters. And with my love to my father & mother & all believe me, my dearest Sa Yr ever affectionate] brother I D. I have enclosed in the parcel an agric[ultura]l pamphlet on manures for Jem[.] 2 TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Cassel [France, Wednesday] 17 September 1845

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/aga COVER: A Madlle. I Madlle: Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I Angleterre I [at right angles:] Angleterre [illegible phrase in another hand] POSTMARK: (i) In double circle: CASSEL I (57) I 19 I SEPT I 45 I [illegible] (2) In double circle: CALAIS I 20 I [illegible] I 45 I [illegible] (3) In circle: vv I 2ISP2I I 1845 (4) ^n circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:] SP23 I 1845jiohdijfhiudhfkjhihdfduu. PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 206-7, dated 17 September 1845, edited extracts; M&B n 331, dated 17 September 1845, LBCS version EDITORIAL COMMENT: The third page of the MS, verso of the cover, is slightly torn. The final page is in MA'S hand, signed by both her and D. On the general tone of frugality in the Cassel letters see also 1520™. Sic: (cover) Wycomb; expence; accomodation; french; suceeded; directions ... was.

My dear Sa, Cassel. Septr. 17. 1845. We are here without having had the slightest intention of coming. But hearing that the place had beauty & seclusion & that we might be saved the expence of a 1 For the business with Moxon see I425&m. According to Moxon's letter dated 'Wednesday' that accompanied a statement of accounts dated 30 June 1845, he sent D a cheque for £31.1.6, 'the balance due to Mr. Disraeli', and on a later statement an item for that amount is dated 7 August 1845. There is no mention of a 'balance' of £100. Neither has anything been found among D'S papers to clarif any of his financial affairs of the summer of 1845. H G/I/I355"6-. 2 Possibly A Muck Manual for Farmers (1842), by Samuel Luther Dana, a second edition of which was published by Murray in late 1845. MP (^ Dec '^45)- Dana had also written Manures: A Prize Essayssa. (Boston: Massachusetts Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, 1843).

I I

9

14.44

journey we mutually were of opinion that we shd. pitch our tent here if we could find any sort of accomodation. That was difficult, as it is an extremely savage place; few of the inhabitants, & none of the humbler classes, talk french, there is no library, booksellers shop, nor newspaper of any sort, they never heard of Galignani, nor do they want to hear of anybody or anything, & I hardly know whether the majority of the people are conscious of the three glorious days.1 It is quite French Flanders, their provisions come from Holland, the Hotel de Ville was built by the Spaniards,2 the carillons are perpetually sounding, & religion is supreme. The country around is rich & the landscape a vast panorama & as the place is high, we conclude it is healthy.3 We have taken a house for a month / for wh: we are to give 16 shillings pr. week, furnished, and we have hired a Flemish cook, who MA. desires me to tell my mother stews pigeons in the most delicious way: eggs, cloves & onions, ending in a red brown sauce, a dish of the time of the Duke of Alva,4 wh: we wish my father cd. taste. Fruit & poultry plentiful & cheap - 6 fowls for 5 francs: meat 6d pr Ib. difficult to get any wine & that very bad, & beer MA says still worse. But on the whole it suits our purpose: seclusion, a fine view from our window, & the promise of beautiful walks wh: will be our only recreation - but we are both very well & in good spirits & MA. enjoys putting the house to rights, she desires me to say. We crossed, a very rough passage, most of the passengers ill - & the deck washed by the waves. To my joy & infinite surprise MA. did not in the least suffer wh: she attributes to the largeness of the vessel. I ascribe something to the circumstance of our passage being late in the day, & she crossing wh: she has never done before after a proper meal & also to the good fortune of being only two hours on the water: a / splendid vessel 100 horse power. We crossed from Dover, having gone there with some thoughts of reaching Ostend, but everything was so rough, that we were glad to get to Boulogne - both the servants very ill, because they staid on deck. Our first walk at Boulogne we found "Sybil" affiched in a large placard "Disraeli's new novel" in every window. By the bye I hope you got a parcel from Grosvenor Gate with some reviews, Moxon's accts. &era. We stayed at Boulogne a day or so & then travelled en voiturier to this place. With[ou]t a carriage & with no railroads & a quantity of bagga[ge] it was no easy matter to move. I suceeded at last in hiring an ancient landau wh: took our luggage in a basket top & was drawn by two very small horses. The man engaged to bring us here for 3£ sterling: a great fare for a hackney coach: but he did his business very well & we slept the first night at St. Omer 15 leagues I think, & then 4 more on to this place. I am afraid my directions about the letters was very short. I meant of course that you shd. send on any here worth reading: Smythe's 1 Cf(voLin)879&n7. 2 They built it in 1634. 3 According to Murray's Handbook for Travellers in France (1843) 582, Cassel was a town of 4,234 inhabitants most of whom spoke Flemish, Mont Cassel was 800 ft high and the view over the plains of Flanders extended to the Channel and embraced 132 towns and villages. 4 Fernando Alvarez de Toledo (1508-1583), Duke of Alva (or Alba), lieutenant governor of the Netherlands 1567-73 on behalf of Philip 11 of Spain, during which time he caused thousands of Protestants to be executed but failed to suppress the revolt against Spanish rule.

192

for example who is abroad, & knows that I am, but ignorant of my whereabouts, will direct to Grosvenor Gate.5 TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Cassel [France] Sunday 5 October 1845

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/293 COVER: A Madlle: I Madlle: Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycomb I Angleterre I Oct. 6. I [at right angles:} ANGLETERRE POSTMARK: (i) In double circle: CASSEL I y]\j[enclosing:} 7 I OCT I [illegible] (2) In double circle: CALAIS I 8 I OCT I 1845 ' [illegible} (3) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing:} [illegible I 1845 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 207-8, dated 26 October 1845, extracts, conflated with extracts from 1446 and 1447; M&B ii 332, dated 26 October 1845, LBCS version EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: (cover) Wycomb; styles; with with; yoke.

My dear Sa, Sunday night. Octr. 5. Your letter was received with three times three, but read with nine times nine. We agreed that it was full of interesting matter of every description. "We are as well as usual", we hope means that you are all quite well. I should have avoided the chairmanships1 had I been in England & you were right in not forwarding such letters. The turtle was a great adventure - we only wish it had been four times as big. I had forgotten the Governor, but will remember to thank him for his agreeable recollection, & then perhaps the brother of the late turtle may come over with an answer, & have attained by that time a more respectable size - but I believe Bermuda turtles are always small though choice.2 This place seems to agree with both of us. Our villa looks / upon a charming landscape, over our own garden, & bassecour with among our poultry, the prettiest game cock in the world[-]the air & soil are very dry, & after the heaviest rains, in two hours we can secure a walk. Our promenades are in general very extensive, for the place abounds in paths & at every turn the landscape assumes a new character; always rural & charming. 'Tis an entirely rural country, not pastoral for there are no sheep or shepherds, but infinite meadows, red cows & milkmaids. MA. is looking extremely well, quite recovered from the trying season of London & scales styles and even leaps ditches - & means to make James very conversant on Flemish enclosures wh: she thinks an improvement on our 5 The final page of the letter has been written by MA: 'Good Night my dears ... Kiss the dear Papa for me in real French fashion & tell yr Mama with my love I will learn their fashion of cooking veal & pigeons - I know not what James would say to the wine here a little spice & brandy makes it drinkable. Yr. affectionate Mary Anne & Dis.' 1 In her letter of 26 September Sarah had reported on mail forwarded from Grosvenor Gate, including a volume of poems for MA from D.D. Jameson, and two requests for D to chair meetings: from the Metro politan Drapers' Society; and from the Alleged Lunatics Friend Society, who also wished D to become their vice-president. H A/i/B/625. 2 Sarah's letter had also told of the arrival for D of a Very small' 30-lb turtle 'with Governor Mathew's compliments': 'I believe Taplin showed him for a shilling a head all down the road ... He was not very lively when he came & the next morning he died.' Nevertheless he had apparently yielded 2 quarts of soup after having been 'stuck' by Tita 'in the approved fashion which he always did Milors [ie Byron's].' George Benvenuto Buckley Mathew (1807-1879), Conservative MP for Athlone 1835-7, Shaftesbury 1838-41, was governor of the Bahama Islands 1844-8. He later was to hold a variety of consular and diplomatic posts, mostly in Central and South America. He was made CB in 1864 and KCMG in 1879. See a^so n7 ani4&ni.pkjsdfoij

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system, particularly gates, wh: instead of getting over, you get thro' by the omission of a middle bar. Our nearest neighbour is a Nunnery. We rise at 1/2 past five every morning & I am in my own room half an hour after. We go to bed 1/4 to nine. By this system, tho' it is October, our day is still long. We have as yet no fires, as the weather is very mild, tho' our situation / is high - for Flanders very, as we can see thirty or forty miles ahead, & the sea on a clear day. MA. is anxious that my father shd partake of a new dish we are very fond of, so my dear mother this part of the letter is addressed to your tender care. Potatoes, after boiling, & bread crumbs mixed with chopped parsley, pepper & salt, then rolled in yoke of egg & flour & fried, served up in the shape of sausages. This is the delicate meagre dish of a Nunnery: we think it delicious & I shd. hope that even Sa wd. esteem it wholesome. We have succeeded in getting some good wine; I believe I complained on this head in my last. We see Galignani regularly, & an unknown Englishwoman "Miss King" as I observe by the direction of her paper, sends me the "Illustrated Times";3 an unknown Englishman Bells Life, or Messenger - an agricultural paper. 4 Pray tell us something of James' harvest, as we read such different accounts.5 MA is not surprised that Ralph does not like the Scotch people but hopes to hear that he has had some agreeable adventures.6 Today has been a fete. They shoot here with with bows & arrows at the top of an immense pole wh: we have been mistaking for a signal post. 7 / We cannot thank you too much for your letter, wh: we both agree was most interesting. If a circular comes for a call on Duffryn shares, send it to William Ford 3 Probably The Illustrated London News, (see 1450), though possibly The Pictorial Times (1844-8). The Illustrated Times did not start until 1855, and The Illustrated Weekly Times had ceased publication in 1843. CBEL in 18 4 Probably Bell's Weekly Messenger, which after 1896 continued as Country Sport and Messenger of Agriculture. Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle after 1886 was incorporated in Sporting Life, and Bell's New Weekly Messenger after 1855 was incorporated in News of the World. CBEL injkdfiodhfiuhihdiofhfdskj 1683, 1808, 1810. 5 The summer of 1845 in Britain was very wet, leading to the poor harvests and potato blight that caused the famine in Ireland and severe general scarcity. In her next letter, of 16 October, Sarah reported the very poor harvest: 'but our present despair & every ones is "the potato cholera", which reminds me of your receipt which we think delicious.' H A/i/B/Gay. At about this time D seems to have been in correspondence with Col Fancourt in Honduras, as there are offers of jobs for 'your brother' from him on 20 October 1845 (at ^-I5°) an^ on 20 March 1846 (£240). H B/xxi/F/22,23,. See 1454™. 6 RD was in the Highlands, according to Sarah's letter, 'as much disgusted with the Scotch people as he was delighted with the Irish' (cf I326n6). He apparently had found the Highlands packed with tourists from Liverpool and Glasgow, but was enjoying recognition as the brother of the author of Sybil. Indeed, at one point, receiving an invitation from Henry Monteith of Carstairs 'sent to the member for Shrewsbury,' he had 'repudiated the M.P. & accepted the invitation thus performing my favourite part of Frank Poppleton most satisfactorily.' H 0/111/8/13. ^n RD as Frank Poppleton seeojidfhiouds (VOL in) go4n5. 7 At this point a page of the letter has been written by MA: '... I dined with the Mathew's, at their farewell dinner Dizzy being detain'd at the house. The speach about the Secretaries, 2 years ago - I wish James could see Dis have a pitch'd battle with our beautiful little bantam Cock - the latter crowing when Dis leaves the field ... ' MA'S reference is presumably to D'S speech of 16 Februar 1844 in the debate on the state of Ireland: see 1338^ and M&B H 191.

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Esq. & beg him to attend to it.8 I have not his direction in Wales, & you had better therefore direct it 8 Henrietta St. Covent garden 9 marked "to be forwarded"[.]

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Cassel [France, Sunday] 26 October 1845

ORIGINAL: H D/in/A/6n COVER: [In MA'S hand:} A Madem/lle: I Mademoiselle Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycombe I Angleterre. I [at right angles:] Angleterre POSTMARK: (i) In double circle: CASSEL I 28 I oc[illegible\ (2) In double circle: CALAIS I 29 I OCT I 1845 [illegible} (3) In circular form: HIGH WYCOMBE [enclosing: illegible} (4) In circle: MO I 30OC30 I 1845 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 207, dated 26 October 1845, extracts, conflated with extracts from 1445 an the company's solicitors began an investigation when the Duke sought more money from mortgages. F.M.L. Thompson 'The End of a Great Estate' Economic History Review (and series) vin (1955) 46-7; 'Fall of the Grenvilles' 172-3. 4 See 15828012. 5 For D'S election meeting at Winslow on 29 July see !577&n31 John Masterman (d 1862) was a banker, deputy lieutenant of London, East India director and Conservative MP for London 1841-57. Sir George Gerard de Hochepied Larpent (1786-1855), ist Baronet, a descendent of the Barons De Hochepied, a merchant and East India agent, a partner of Cockerell and Co, had been Liberal MP for Nottingham 1841-2. The Times on 30 July had published results at the close of the poll the previous day showing Larpent as having beaten Masterman 6,724-6,664. On 31 July it was to publish the corrected results announced at noon on 30 July, which reversed the outcome and showed Masterman as having beaten Larpent 6,722-6,719. See also AR (1847) 95- Masterman had earlier protested against being labelled a 'Peelite'. MP (29 July 1847). Sarah on i August reported that Bradenham was glad that Baron de Rothschild (Liberal) had won a seat in London, 'though I am not sorry that he felt a little uncertainty in the course of the day.' H D/m/A/i45. 2 D must have seen the cjose-of-the-poll results for Shrewsbury that were published the next morning

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TO: JOHN WALTER ORIGINAL: SRO [14]

Bradenham [Saturday] 31 July 1847

COVER: John Walter Esqr I 40 Upp: Grosvenor St. I B Disraeli

John Walter Esqr Grosvenor Gate I July 31. 1847 My dear Walter, I learnt on Thursday night, on my return to town,1 not without a pang, tho' long prepared for it, the / loss of one, who, for many years, had been to me a kind & faithful friend.2 Your father was one of the most sagacious men I ever was acquainted with, & yet to a certain degree the / creature of impulse; so that I never knew a temperament in wh: prudence & adventure were more happily blended; & this was a trait in his character, wh: made him loved by those, who were his / intimates. I wish he had lived to have learnt the homage, almost unprecedented, wh: was paid to the memory of his good deeds, while his ashes were yet warm.3 I'll not dwell on that incident just / now, however pleasing, except to say, that few could have received the intelligence with more satisfaction than myself. Why I intrude upon your thoughts & sorrows at this moment, is / to express my wish, if not contrary to your arrangements, to accompany to the grave the remains of one, for whom I ever entertained a deep respect and / a very sincere regard.4 Believe me, ever, I my dear Walter, I Very faithfully yours, I B Disraeli in the press showing Tomline as having been beaten for the second and last seat by three votes, 743-740. The final figures showed Tomline as having been beaten by eleven votes, 743-732. Sarah in her i August letter also reported that 'of all things Papa rejoiced in Mr Tomline's defeat [he ha run as a Liberal this time] that & some others have in part consoled us for Lord John's defeat [at Liverpool].' 1 D had had an election meeting at Winslow on Thursday, 29 July. H 8/1/0/59,159. 2 John Walter Sr, the proprietor of The Times, had died at 2:00 a.m. on 28 July of a cancer of the face, the first symptoms of which had appeared over a year earlier. The Times (29 July 1847). 3 The Times in a leader on 31 July (possibly written by D) told the unusual story of the election at Nottingham, the constituency where both Walters, father and son, had at various times suffered defeat. On Wednesday 27 July, nomination day, John Walter Jr had been proposed without his knowledge or authority. On polling day, as a consequence of the news that John Walter Sr had died during the night, his son had been swept to victory, polling nearly double the number of votes obtained by Sir John Cam Hobhouse: 'the very day after his departure his name and his cause, in the very scene of his reverses, triumphed far beyond his utmost expectations.' Lord John Manners on 8 November 1847 was to tell D that 'Young Walter, I much fear, is strongly committed against us ...' H B/xx/M/i4. The uncertainty as to Walter's political affiliation reflects the general confusion that existed at this time. See 15935^3. Walter later generally voted with the Peelites. 4 Walter replied on 2 August, thanking D for his sympathy and telling him that, at his father's request, the funeral had been confined to the family and a few close friends whom his father had named. He also commented on the Nottingham election which he found 'almost appalling from the intensity of the feeling which it displays. So sudden and unanimous an outburst of sentiment was never, I should think, witnessed before. How small it makes Tamworth look!' He concluded by referring apparently to the leader in The Times of 31 July (see n3): 'I think the memoir which appeared cannot fail to create (wherever it did not exist before) a feeling of deep respect for the subject of it. It will perhaps open the eyes of some of our statesmen to a sagacity which they could not fathom, and to a noble mindedness which they had not the heart to comprehend.' H B/XXI/W/III.

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TO: THE ELECTORS OF BUCKS Aylesbury, Bucks [Wednesday] 4 August 18. ORIGINAL: PS Times PUBLICATION HISTORY: The Times and MP (6 Aug 1847); BH (7 Aug 1847) EDITORIAL COMMENT: The BH version has been used, as it incorporates more of D'S characteristic spelling and punctuation.

i588

To the I ELECTORS I of the I COUNTY of BUCKINGHAM Gentlemen, Aylesbury, 4th August, 1847 Permit me to offer you my cordial thanks, for the distinguished Honor which you have done me this Day, in electing me one of your Members, to represent you in Parliament.l My highest ambition is to prove myself worthy of your choice; and I shall be very proud, if when I appear again before you, you may find no cause to regret the Confidence which you have reposed in me. Believe me, I Gentlemen, I Gratefully and faithfully yours, B. Disraeli. TO: LADY DOROTHY WALPOLE Aylesbury, Bucks [Wednesday 4 August 184 ORIGINAL: PS 362 PUBLICATION HISTORY: The Reminiscences of Lady Dorothy Nevill edited by her son Ralph Nevill (London, Edward Arnold, 1906) 200 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S election.

My dearest Dorothy, l Aylesbury. I write you this as I get out of the chair to tell you I am returned Knight of the Shire for the County of Bucks,2 after a terrible row. 1 The nomination of candidates was held in Aylesbury on 4 August at the County Hall at 10 a.m. before the high sheriff, Baron Meyer de Rothschild. There had been doubt up to the last minute as to whether there would be a contest (for example, Du Pre's letter to D of 2 August on the matter) and in fact a fourth candidate, John Gibbs, was nominated for one of the three seats, but he, speaking first, stated that he had no intention of going to the poll. He bowed out amidst laughter at his statement that he was in favour of the extension of the franchise to every woman of mature age. Hereupon the sheriff declared Caledon George Du Pre, Charles Compton Cavendish and D duly elected The ensuing speeches met with considerable clamour, much of it aimed at getting the meeting moved to a more commodious place such as the market, but D'S speech, the longest, was met 'with cheer. mingled with hisses', and was constantly interrupted by hecklers, whom he handled with consummate skill ('I would remind you that this is not the first time I have had the honour to address you in this hall - (Howling by one of the audience) - notwithstanding the gaping orator who has just addressed you, I have to inform you, for his consolation, that this is the first time I have ever had the honour to address you as Member for the county of Bucks. (Cheers.)'). After the speeches the new members were chaired through the streets of the town, followed at 3 o'clock by an election dinner at the George Hotel, where D again made the longest speech. In it he proposed the idea that Bucks had returned only two Conservatives instead of three because of the great respect the electors had for Cavendish the man, despite their lack of sympathy for his Liberal principles. BH (7 Aug 1847); The Times, MP (5 Aug 1847). 1 Lady Dorothy Fanny Walpole (1826-1913), daughter of 3rd Earl of Orford, younger sister of D'S friend Lord Walpole, was later (as Lady Dorothy Nevill) to be one of D'S main correspondents. For her personal tribulations (of which D was aware) at this time see i6o7&n92 A representative of a county is traditionally referred to as a Knight of the Shire, while one representing a borough is called a Burgess. The term of course was ideal for the chivalric tendency in

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My wife sends her love, and I also. 3 Yours, I D.

'59°

TO: PHILIP WROUGHTO

Grosvenor Gate [Monday] 9 August 1847

ORIGINAL: HM [n]

P. Wroughton Esqr Grosvenor Gate I Aug: 9 1847 My dear Mr Wroughton, I am informed, that the tenants at Hughenden are not doing their duty on their farms, but trusting to my not having any power / of legal control over them at this moment, & to your indifference on the subject, in wh: latter respect I feel persuaded they are much mistaken. They are not fulfilling their / agreements, & are cultivating the land in an unusual & injurious manner. I saw Mr Smith to day, having called on him to hurry business, & had, at first, intended to have spoken to him on this matter, but, on / reflection, I fancied a correspondence between lawyers wd. only lead to fresh procrastination, &, therefore, thought it best to write, by this post, to my brother, desiring him to place himself in communication with you on the subject.1 yrs ffly I B Disraeli

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TO: JOHN DELAN

Carlton Club [Tuesday] 10 August 1847

ORIGINAL: TIA [4]

Dear Delane, Carlton I Aug 10/47 There is a paragraph in the "Daily News" to day respecting an intended sale at Stowe. It is not true: if Stowe be sold, wh: is not in any way settled, but / wh: is not impossible, one of the reasons that will influence the family to take the step, would be to prevent any sale at Stowe. These paragraphs give infinite pain, especially to the Duchess, a / most amiable & exemplary lady, & if you cd. prevent their repetition in your powerful columns, I shd. be personally obliged. 1 D'S self-image. See 1575111. Others took the matter farther then he did: on 17 August Sarah in writing to MA about an article in 'the Dispatch ... about our Knight of the Shire' was to tell of Lord Morpeth, elected for West Yorkshire, actually wearing the hat, sword and spurs of a Knight of the Shire. H D/m/A/i52. 3 Lady Dorothy was to write to MA on 5 August with her congratulations on the election and to thank D for the letter 'which I never flattered myself I should receive, knowing he would have no time to spend on such an insignificant being as myself.' H 0/111/0/1431. 1 There is at Hughenden a letter from Joseph Pontyfix to Wroughton dated Hughenden 18 August: 'Mr. Disraeli was here last Friday week [6 August?], but I could get no decided answer from him about anything ... He asked me some questions respecting the tenants which I answered as favourably as I could, and advised him not to take any further notice of their manner of cultivation until he was in a position to relet the Farms ... Mr D. seemed inclined to waive the objection to the valuation of the timber and thought in that case there could be no obstacle in the way of his taking full possession at Michaelmas ...' HM [18]. 1 See 1579™ and references cited there. Although the financial problems of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos seem to have been common knowledge as early as June 1847 (Beresford in June had

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It is very true that Christie & Manson2 are at / Stowe, sent down by Ld. Chandos, in consequence of the variance in the previous estimates. Thank you very much for many a good office you have done me of late. I shd, like very much to have 1/2 a minutes convers[ati]on with you on public affairs. Yours sincerely I D. TO: PHILIP ROS

Carlton Club [Wednesday] n August 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/8

592

private Carlton I Aug n. 1847 My dear Rose, I am rather hardpressed, & if you cd., without inconvenience, assist me at this moment, I shd be extremely obliged / to you.' Yours sincerely I D.

TO : SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club [Friday] 13 August [1847]

ORIGINAL: H ^1/6/304 EDITORIAL COMMENT: In another hand: 747'. Dating: by context. See na. Sic: Melville.

My dear Sa, Carlton I Aug. 13 I just write this to tell you, that things are very well; far better than I cd have / hoped - & that I shall be able on the lyth. to do all I cd. well wish. I suppose we may leave this in a week / - but we shall not be absent more than a month & then come to Bradenham.l reported it to D as 'very positively reported from a knowing source' (H B/xx/Bd/3)), The Times at this point was silent on the matter. On 20 September 1847 The Times was to reprint from The Observer a detailed account of the Duke's indebtedness of some £1,750,000 or more and of the steps being taken by his creditors to seize the contents of the Duke's houses. This was eventually done at the end of August, despite the fact that Chandos had purchased the Duke's real and personal property earlier in the year. Chandos had no option but to agree to a sale, and in August 1848 the contents of Stowe were sold at auction, with the Duke's personalty fetching much less than the amount at which he had valued it. The humiliation of having the sale take place at Stowe despite his bitter objections was to induce symptoms that caused his doctor alarm as to his sanity. According to DNB, on 12 September 1847 the Duke left England (although see 1611), and in 1850 the Duchess divorced him. On 14 August 1848 The Times was to make an outright attack on the Duke for undermining the reputation of the aristocracy. 2 Christie and Manson, auctioneers, were then as now at 8 King Street, St James's. They would in August 1848 conduct the sale of the contents of Stowe. Henry Rumsey Forster The Stowe Catalogue (1848) xliii. 1 The bills for D'S election expenses would have been coming in at this time. According to an itemize statement, D'S election expenses in 1847 totalled £1,345.16.4. H 8/1/0/184. See app vn. Rose was to lend D £1,000 on a mortgage of D'S life insurance policies. Hughenden Manor Estate records, bundle no 9, Buckinghamshire Record Office. See further 1597, 1601, i6oz&n2 and 1603. On 16 August M. recorded paying Lucas £600. H ace. 1 The DS had made plans to go to Germany, which were cancelled at the last minute. Apparently the had told their friends at Ferrand's wedding on 10 August; Lord John Manners on 8 November was to ask: 'Did you go abroad after the Ferrandic marriage?' MP (n Aug 1847); H B/xx/M/i4.

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I suppose you know that King & / Melville have failed again.2 Ld. Geo: dines with me tomorrow to go over the list with Beresford, when I shall know our real position. All the lists in the papers are quite nonsense.3 Ever yrs affly I D

594

London, Wednesday] 18 August 1847

TO: ROBERT MESSE ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [44] PRIVATE

Mr. R. Messer Aug. i8th. 1847 My dear Sir, You must make it your business to see Mr Hudson, & give him the enclosed. If you enquire among his places of business resort, or at his private / residence, you will have no difficulty in finding when he will be in town, wh: he is frequently, even at this season, tho' often only for a day. I must leave it to / yourself to decide wher. you think it advisable to go down to Newby, his residence in Yorkshire, & personally deliver him my letter. I have / prepared him on your business - but as I am about to leave England for a couple of months, I thought it best to furnish you with these credentials to act in the meantime.1 Yours very faithfully I B Disraeli 2 The financial crisis that was to come to a climax in the fall of 1847 was now impending. Because of the depletion of investment capital by the railway boom and the sharp fluctuations in grain (corn) prices as a result of the raging Irish famine and the repeal of the corn laws in 1846, the British economy was in a precarious position. Since early August several major corn firms had failed, 18 by i September. The failure of King, Melvil and Co, corn factors at 28 Fenchurch Street, London, had been reported in The Times on 12 August, with mention of a previous stoppage in 1842. Other firms were similarly affected, by a domino effect, and the corn market had been virtually paralysed on H August, the day the King and Melvil failure became known. The crisis peaked in October with a run on the banks, which was finally headed off on 25 October by a letter from Lord John Russell and Sir Charles Wood to the Bank of England: see i6ozn4. The crisis was virtually over by the end of November. J.H. Clapham An Economic History of Modern Britain: The Early Railway Age 1820-1850 (Cambridge, 1967) 529-35; Robson's Directory; Prest Russell 264-7; AR (J^47) 'Chronicle' 120, 140, 155. 3 The lists of election results published in the papers at this time reflect some of the confusion about party allegiance that existed in many instances - a significant number were listed without any affiliation, and D presumably is not in agreement with all the affiliations that were indicated. The Times in a leader on this day had chortled at 'the total confusion of politics under which the Protectionists labour ...' Its list on this day showed 178 Protectionists, 107 Peelites, 295 Liberals and 20 unaffiliated candidates elected to date. The final results were roughly 336 Liberals, 211 Protectionists and in Liberal-Conservatives (including the hard-core Peelites). 1 On D'S dealings with Messer, to whom he had owed money since 1824, see (VOL i) 2i&m, 84&nn2&3 an Blake 24-5, 268-9. No communication between D and Messer since that early time has been found except a single letter to D from Messer written on 23 June 1837 in which Messer paints a very gloom. picture of his finances and health and insists that D send him £25 or £30; there is no explicit reference to the debt, however. On 20 August 1847 Messer was to acknowledge D'S letter with mucmuc gratitude, saying that he would 'lose not a moment' in trying to see Hudson. D has written at the end of the letter: 'N.B. He received from Mr Hudson an appointment of £100 pr ann: with a certain prospect of promotion. D'. George Hudson, 'the railway king', had acquired Newby Hall, near Ripon, in 1845. The hall is known for the work done on it by Robert Adam and its furnishings by Thomas Chippendale. Ironically, Hudson's fortunes were about to be reversed with the rapid decline in the value of railway shares toward the end of 1847. H B/xxi/w/520, A/v/A/i8.

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TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club [Thursday] 19 August [1847?]

ORIGINAL: H \lil^ly>^ EDITORIAL COMMENT: endorsed in another hand: Augst. I9-/47'. Dating: the context is compatible with the endorsed date, but does not absolutely confirm it.

!595

My dear Sa Carlton I Aug 19 I enclose you the dividend warrant of £300.' It is by no means certain that we shall start tomorrow, or go at all, as I am / very uneasy about my father. 2 How sorry I am, that the poney chaise, as I wished, was not got!3 Tell Jem, whom I saw yesterday, / not to lose a moment about the dir[ecti]ons I gave him in this respect. Yours ever affly I D. TO. I am now going up to see Mary Anne & shall write from Grosvr Gate probably.

TO: BENJAMIN LUMLE

Bradenham [Saturday] 21 August 1847

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [8] EDITORIAL COMMENT: the first page of the MS is edged in black. Sic: Wycom

private Bradenham I High Wycomb. I August 21. 1847 B. Lumley Esqr My dear Sir, Let me congratulate you on the triumphs of a critical season, & express my hope, that you may always find / that prosperity, wh: your energy & enterprise eminently merit.l 1 The nature of this transaction is not clear; there is however in H a receipt from Drummond's dated 20 August 1847: 'Received for the use of Lord Henry Bentinck Three Hundred Pounds to account for on Demand' H A/v/G/2O7[b]. 2 On 21 August MA was to record wistfully in her account book that the DS 'left G Gate for Bradenha. (instead of Germany).' They stayed until 13 September. H ace. They may also, judging from Sarah's letter of 17 August, have paid a quick visit on 13-14 August. Although Isaac had been well enough to spend a month in London with Sarah from 24 May to 22 June, the family had been very concerned about his health especially since the death of Maria D'Israeli, and Sarah's letters had been including full reports of his symptoms and various treatments. Earlier in August D had arranged for trout to be sent to him from Hughenden to help with his dietary restrictions. On 18 August Sarah had reported 'a slight accidental attack on the bowels.' This apparently precipitated the DS' decision later on 19 August not to go to Germany, as on 20 August Sarah was to write to MA thanking her for news of the decision. References in the correspondence suggest that the 'awful' financial crisis may also have been a factor in the decision. H 0/111^/127,129,130,137,140,142,144,147-52. 3 In her letter of n July Sarah had reported the difficulty of getting Isaac out for air, as he was unable to walk and the carriage had had an accident. H D/m/A/i44. D may also have been thinking of his own convenience and expense in visiting his new constituents, as MA'S account book for the period at Bradenham includes many items for transport. 1 Lumley's management of the Italian Opera House in the Haymarket had caused much resentment in the orchestra and company so that most of them had left and joined the Covent Garden Theatre, and opened in April 1847 as a rival Royal Italian Opera House. Lumley had then scoured Europe for musicians to replenish his company, which he kept going until he was able to bring Jenny Lind to Her Majesty's Theatre where she made her London debut on 4 May 1847 in Meyerbeer's Roberto II Diavolo and was received with enormous acclaim. She was to perform with Lumley's company for three seasons, until

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!596

I have desired my servant to return you the books, wh: you were so obliging as to forward me. I digested / their contents, not without interest, & was musing over the subject, when a very severe domestic sorrow dissipated all my conclusions, & before I could well rally from this affliction, / I was obliged to summon my utmost efforts for a very protracted County canvass. These must be my reasons for not serving you as I had purposed. Excuses are never satisfactory; mine are, at least, sincere. 2 Your faithful Servt I B Disraeli

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TO: PHILIP ROS

Bradenham [Monday] 30 August 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/g private

My dear Rose, Bradenham. Aug. 30. 1847 I left word at the Carlton, that I was going to Baden, & have felt so indolent ever since I came here, that I have never written for my letters. I am astonished at what you say of Griffin: if, after his conversation with me, he prefers, as I infer, any claim to the policy, it is really impudent. But he is a grub, & if he refuse to do what you wish, I will pay him off on my return to town. 1 1 In case anything happens here to place ample funds at our disposal, I think it wd. be as well to make some arrangement with Houlditch & Hume.2 I shd. think they wd. not be disinclined to it, especially the latter: & we might gain something. I am glad to hear, whatever may occur, that you think you see your way about the immediate advance, as any financial scandals are much to be deprecated. The policy in the office you mention for £10500 is a temporary policy, executed about four years ago, when a very particular friend of mine, Ld. Exmouth, made / me an advance of £10,000 in order that I might be in a situation to purchase the Addington estate in this County. 3 The inability of the vendors to furnish a title ultimately defeated this movement. Ld E. has ample security for his money, wh: he advanced me at 3 1/4 pr cent, but from the nature of that security, & for obvious reasons, wh: I must reserve until we meet as they are too long for correspondence, this flying policy was executed for a term of years for her retirement in 1849, after which Lumley's fortunes again declined. Lumley was to offer the DS a box to hear Jenny Lind in Lucia in June 1848. AR (1847) 4^"7- H B/xxi/L/4i. 2 D may have been considering writing something for Lumley's stage: cf (VOL i) gona and 304111. 1 According to a schedule of documents on the Hughenden Manor Estate in the Bucks CRO at Aylesbury, one of D'S life insurance policies had been assigned 'to Griffin' on 5 Septemer 1846. Presumably this was Alfred Griffin (see 1509 and 1553); letters to D from him of 22 August and 18 October 1849 which will be published in Volume v are not incompatible with a financial arrangement between the two having existed at this time. See also 1553 and 1509. 2 See i243&m, izS6&nj, i33O&m, i45O&m and I495&n2. 3 See 1293^. Addington is near Winslow in North Bucks. At about the time D appears to have been inter ested in it, the estate had become the property of John Gellibrand Hubbard, a London merchant and Conservative MP for Buckingham 1859-68, London 1874-87, later ist Baron Addington of Addington VH-B iv 138.

312

our mutual advantage. Had the Hughenden purchase been completed this / year, the policy wd. have ceased, it being arranged, betn. Ld. Ex & myself, that the 10,000 shd. remain, at the same rate of interest, permanently on the property, as was originally intended with Addington. Indeed it might have ceased this year, as he was satisfied with the affair, but I thought it more prudent & satisfactory to pay the premium last March 25. Yours very faithfully I D. TO: PHILIP ROS

Bradenham [Wednesday] 8 September 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/I/A/IO

!59

Bradenham I Septr. 8. 1847 Phil: Rose Esqr My dear Rose, We were very sorry not to have been at Bradenham, when Mrs Rose1 & yourself were so kind as to call on us - but we were at / Hughenden, where we passed the whole day. Mrs Disraeli requests me to hope, that you & Mrs Rose will give us the pleasure of your company at dinner here on Saturday next. She / also bids me express her particular wish, that you will come early, to luncheon, sans fagon, & pass the day here, so that we may ramble about. I hope, very much, that you may not be engaged, / as we leave the county on Monday, on a visit to Sir Ed: Kerrison in Suffolk, & may not return until the beginning of next month.2 Yours sincerely I D. TO: RICHARD WRIGH

Bradenham [Saturday] 25 September [1847]

ORIGINAL: H A/v/B/33 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the DS' trip to Gloucester. See m

My Dear Wright Bradenham, H Wycomb I Sept 25 Your letter of the 7th. did not reach me, from an accident, until yesterday. I left town at a moments notice, my father being very unwell, & I have not been able to / return as I had intended, in order to go to Gloucester.1 Nothing presses me at this moment but your affairs. 2 As far as correspondence can accomplish business, I have not been unmindful of/ you, & expect to make payments into your bankers. After this year, I hope to be quite exact. 1 Philip Rose in 1840 had married Margaretta Ranking (d 1889), daughter of Robert Ranking, of Hastings, Sussex. 2 Lady Kerrison had written to MA on 18 August, inviting the DS to a harvest celebration and for part ridge shooting. The DS were to leave Bradenham for London on Monday 13 September and then fo Oakley Park, near Eye, Suffolk, on Wednesday 15 September, returning to Grosvenor Gate on 23 September. D presumably did not accept an invitation extended through Sir Edward for him to attend a dinner of the agricultural society at Eye on 23 September. H B/XXI/K/IIS,123-4. Rose was to reply the next day that because of prior plans it was not possible to accept D'S invitation. H R/I/B/. 1 By 19 July 1847 Joseph Lovegrove had taken over the management of MA'S Gloucester properties formerly handled by Bailey: on 26 September 1847 he was to record in his accounts a journey with the DS to Taynton 'inspecting the Farms.' H 0/11/8/278,354. 2 See 1329, 1330, 1369, 148am, 1483 and 1520.

3'3

59,9

I am very sorry indeed that I did not accomplish my purpose of selling my father's / copyrights.3 I wd. have given them all for a £1000 & I am sure that enterprising men might have made a good thing of them. The "Curiosities" have always periodic revivals, as new generations rise up. They had one 10 years ago & I think nearly / 10,000 copies were sold. But Moxon is not equal to the present crisis.4 Ever yrs I D.

l6OQ

TO: [RICHARD WRIGHT

Bradenham, Sunday [3 October 1847?]

ORIGINAL: H A/v/B/34 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Among the Wright papers in H. The second page of the MS is blank. Dating: conjectural: see m.

Bradenham I Sunday I hope I have not greatly inconvenienced you - but my brother only returned to Bradenham yesterday. Have the kindness / to acknowledge the receipt. 1 Yours flly I D.

1601

TO: PHILIP ROS

Bradenham [Sunday] 24 October 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/I/A/II

My dear Rose, Bradenham I Oct 24. 1847 I shd. prefer your settling with Goodman, whose address is "Carlton 3 Next to this letter in H is a list in D'S hand of the copyrights: 'PRIVATE I Curiosities of Literature I 6 Vols. I A Library Edit: much wanted. The Stereotype of the Edition in six vol: belonging to my father is at Mess. B. & E. [In margin set against preceding material:] 1823 ' Amenities of Literature I 3 Vols. [in margin:] 1841 / Commentaries on Life & Reign of Charles ist I 5 Vols. I This work has long been out of print: the edit: of 1500 having been sold very quickly, & it is at a premium. A new edit: revised & improved, in three vols. is prepared & it is proposed to publish it under the more Popular title of The Life & Reign of Charles ist by &c. [In margin set against preceding material:] 1831 / Literary Character I 2 Vols [in margin:] 1822 I Calamities of Authors I 2 Vols 1812 I Quarrels of Authors I 1814 [in margin against preceding two items:] rewritten 1840 I James the ist. i Vol 1816 I Miscellanies revised with additions in its present form of i Vol. [in margin:] 1840'. H A/v/B/33a. 'B.&E.' are presumably Bradbury and Evans, Moxon's printers. 4 See I365&m. The first and second series of Curiosities were first published in a combined form, in six volumes, in 1834, Moxon's first publication for Isaac. The i4th edition, with D'S memoir, was to appear in 1849, with new editions appearing regularly every few years until modern times. Ogden 210-11. The 18405 were a difficult time for Moxon financially, in addition to which he had been in poor health since 1846. Harold G. Merriam Edward Moxon: Publisher of Poets (New York, 1939) 189-92. 1 There is in H a letter that may be related to the subject of D'S note to Wright. It is written t Wright, Smith and Shepherd by Allen Mason, dated 28 September 1847 at Hughenden, saying that he has gone to Bradenham with 'Mr. James Disraeli's Papers', but had found him to be absent and expected to return on Wednesday. H A/vn/A/28. There is evidence that James was involved in several aspects of the Hughenden purchase apart from the financing. For example, in a letter from George Mason (Allen's father) to Wright and Partners written at Hughenden on 26 November 1847 telling them that he has started the evaluation of the timber, and that he thought James had told them so, James has added that Mason 'never commenced any valuation of the woods, till November had commenced.' H A/VII/B/49.

3'4

Chambers'^.]1 My brother, I have / no doubt, will do the needful. Ever Yours I D.

TO: PHILIP ROS

Bradenham [Wednesday] 27 October 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/I/A/IS EDITORIAL COMMENT: The sequence of transactions with Rose that are the subject of the two letters of this day makes most sense if it is assumed that D after the first letter received a letter from Rose containing the acceptance of Rose's loan to D of £1,000 (see 1592) in connection with which Rose was in the process of arranging life insurance policies (see 1603).

PRIVATE Bradenham I Oct 27. 1847 P. Rose Esqr My dear Rose, I have in town a copy of my certificate: the original is in the registry of St. Andrews Holborn.1 I think it is of the year 1812, as during the life of my grandfather, the ceremony was postponed. I obtained the official copy for the first office / in wh: I was insured, & the only one, except the Palladium, that ever required it. But on obtaining the document, I found it rather unsatisfactory, as my godfather, Mr Sharon Turner, looking to baptism merely as a means of salvation, & not at all as a mode of raising money, in short not at all / a man of the world, not having the particulars of my birth at hand at the moment of entry, describes me as "about seven years of age" - so that it occurred to me, that if such a certificate had been sent in, I shd. have had to re-inforce it by affidavits of relations & other documents, & that it wd. be / a long, troublesome, & for many reasons, not a very agreeable business. I therefore in that instance, about 1832, altho' the insurance was of considerable amount being the foundation of an annuity of several hundreds pr ann, avoided the production of the certificate, & in the various instances that have occurred too often since, have never been requested to produce / it. I shd think, with a little management you might get it dispensed with in the present case, as the Society wd. not be obliged to pay the money, unless my birth were satisfactorily proved, & the means for you, or any person who held the policy to do that, are complete I when required.2 1 John Reynolds Goodman, whose offices were at Carlton Chambers, 12 Regent Street, had been called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn on 3 May 1841. Law List (1845); Lpoo (1845). 1 The certificate giving an 'extract from the register book of baptisms' for the 'Parish of St. Andrew, Holburn' is in H next to this letter, is dated 26 October 1847 and 1S signed by George H. Turner, curate. It has been completed to show that entry No 633 cites D, 'said to be about 12 years old', as having been baptized on 31 July 1817 by J. Thimbleby. H R/I/A/I2C. Obviously D had not seen this certificate at the time of writing this letter. 2 Presumably the certificate issued in 1832 was identical to the one described in m. Apparently D has forgotten the date on which his grandfather died (28 November 1816) and the one on which he himself was baptized, although remembering that Turner entered a note about his approximate age. O. the apparently unnecessary uncertainty D always had about the date and place of his birth see M&BI i8&m. Among the M&B papers in H is a note with extracts taken from the family Bible then in RD' possession: 'B.D. born 1/2 pt. 5 morning 21 Dec. 1804.' On 31 August 1843 Isaac had written to the London Life Association to certify the date of D'S birth. H/Life of Disraeli [unnumbered]. Presumably this Bible is the 'means' to which D is referring, although Isaac's health prevents him writ-

3'5

1602

I only arrived, late last night, from a three days campaign at Quarter Sessions,3 wh: is the reason I did not previously answer your note. Affairs are indeed awful, but they must sweep on.4 Considering all / things, they find me in robuster cue than anytime the last ten years, & therefore I must be content. I am told there is a division in the Cabinet & that Ld. John, supported by Ld Lansdowne & Palmerston, is / for assembling Parliamt. but is not in a majority [.]5 Ever yrs I D.

1603

TO: PHILIP ROS

Bradenham [Wednesday] 27 October 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/ya.b PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B in 150-1, dated 27 October 1847, omitting the first sentence

CONFIDENTIAL Bradenham I Octr. 27. 1847 My dear Rose, I return you the acceptance with as many thanks as it is for pounds £. J I am very sensible / of your most friendly offer about Hughenden. Ld. George Bentinck wrote to me, a few days back, offering to be my security for £10,000 if / that wd. help me to tide over. At any other time, he wd. have lent me the money, &, indeed, offered it to me last year, but I waived it until / affairs ing another letter of certification. It is curious to note that in a letter published in The Standard of 28 April 1887, Edward Jones ((VOL i) am) claimed that his father had been the attending physician at the births of both Sarah and D, and that D was born on 31 December 1803. Isaac's records show a payment to Jones in that month. H A/i/misc. Rose had been negotiating with the Palladium Life Assurance Society, 7 Waterloo Place, apparently for additional policies on D'S life of £550 and of £1,100 at 3.7 per cent. The company accepted the baptismal certificate as evidence of D'S age, and agreed to Rose's suggestion that the 5-year suicide disclaimer be modified. The policy was to be ready on 28 October 1847. H R/i/A/i^c-g, LPOD (1845). 3 Quarter sessions had opened at Aylesbury on 19 October. D is recorded among the presiding magistrates. BH (23 Oct 1847). 4 See 159^2. The papers on 26 October had published the letter from Lord John Russell and Sir Charles Wood to the Bank of England advising it to extend its issue of notes and set interest rates at not less than 8 per cent in order 'to restore confidence to the mercantile and manufacturing community', and promising to pass a bill of indemnity at the coming session should this action infringe any existing law. Peel's Bank Charter Act of 1844 had stipulated a limit of £14,000,000 in notes issued against securities (to be exceeded only in emergency), with the remainder based on bullion Q.H. Clapham An Economic History of Modern Britain: The Early Railway Age 1820-18^0 (1967) 522). Many now thought it would be suspended or revised, but in the event it turned out not to be necessary to alter the terms of the act when reserves of notes and bullion began to be restored after the end of October. See Gash Peel 431-8, 627-9. 5 Lord George Bentinck had written to D on 22 October that he had noticed in the Lord Chancellor's announcement of his Michaelmas schedule a reference excepting those days when the Lord Chancellor might sit in the House of Lords: 'Surely this must portend a November Session.' In the letter he had elaborated on his earlier prediction (on 17 September) that Peel would not be called on to form a government, as he thought that Lord John Russell was 'no Coward'. On the 23rd he had written again to pass on a rumour that the Ministers would call parliament together, and that they meant to maintain the Bank Charter Act. H B/xx/Be/35,38-g. In the event parliament met for a special session on 18 November 1847.

1 For Rose's £1,000 loan to D see 1592m and i6oaec. Presumably the 'acceptance' was of the loan, and not of the certificate by the insurance company for the policies on one of which Rose was to hold a mortgage. See further i6o6&m.

316

were more mature with respect to the purchase.2 He is a man now of ample independence, & will on the death of his father, nearly as old as mine, accede / to some 20 or 30 thousand p ann: to say nothing of his chance of being Duke of Portland, his brother, Titchfield not being married, & very ailing.3 If, by any chance, you know any person, / who might not be disinclined to serve Ld. George & myself in this matter, it might be prudent to avail oneself of the opening. The rest / I cd. arrange witht. any ruinous sales of stock or any expensive arrangements. Ever yours I D. TO: PHILIP ROSE

Bradenham [Sunday] 31 October 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/i4

1604

P. Rose Esqr Bradm. I Oct 31/47 My dear Rose, My meaning was something of the kind you mention,1 unless you can suggest anything more feasible with the / means at our command. I wrote hastily from this apropos of your note & Lord George's. But I shall be in / town now, permanently, on the 8th. Novr.,2 so we can have the advantage of oral counsel. EverYrs I D. TO: LADY LONDONDERR

[Bradenham, Sunday 7 November 1847]

ORIGINAL: DURHAM CRO DAS 0/1^0/0530 (34) PUBLICATION HISTORY: Londonderry Letters 23 dated January 1848 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The text is taken from a hand-corrected typescript with rudimentary annotation. Endorsed in another hand: "To Lady Londonderry I (Bradenham Early in November 1847)'; m Yet anoth hand: '65'. Dating: by context, and by the DS' return to London on 8 November 1847. H ace.

2 This letter has not been located, but see 1597. On 6 February 1847 Bentinck had written to D that £5,000 had just been deposited to his (Bentinck's) account at Drummond's, 'so when you want it it is all ready; - if you require the other £2,000. - it will only be necessary for me to know a day or two at most in advance, & it will be forthcoming; Drummonds will let me have a couple of thousand for six months without a bond & by that time I shall have my other £5,000. - '. H B/xx/Be/2i. D'S strategy seems to have been to delay the closing of the purchase as long as possible. As late as 24 December 1847 Bentinck was still advising him that 'delay ... is every thing; - Interest of money & prices of timber going down & Publick Securities going up.' (The price of timber had recently been inflated because of the railway boom.) However, the signed contract for the sale of Hughenden had been sent to Wright and Partners on 5 June 1847, and by mid-October Rickman Godlee had inspected the title deeds; D through Wright and Partners clearly continued to use stalling tactics by insisting that the timber be evaluated by D'S own agent, which in turn required an agreement to be draw up as to what would constitute 'timber', eventually resulting in a mediated proceeding that dragged on until 3 April 1848 but saved D nearly £800. H B/xx/Be/45, A./VU/B/IQ.-I'J. See also 1535112. 3 William John Scott Bentinck (1800-1879) was the second son of the 4th Duke of Portland, Marquess of Titchfield since the death of his elder brother in 1824, after 1854 5th Duke of Portland. At his death the title passed to a cousin. 1 Again, this communication has not been located. 2 On this day the prorogation of parliament was extended by a week, from H to 18 November. The Times (i Nov 1847). D wished to meet with Lord George Bentinck, who was to make plans to see D between 6 and 9 November 'for a thorough talk'. H B/xx/Be/4i.

31?

1605

Dear Lady, It delights me always to hear of, or from, you. ' I have passed two months here, or sauntering about other houses of the county, musing on the Currency, instead of writing romances / for your bright eyes! I was charmed about the marriage, & all that happened,2 & should have written to have told you so, but for that indefinable feeling, made up of indolence & mauvaise honte, which / so often makes one silent when perhaps one sho[ul]d speak. What struck me most was the unparalleled, & to me startling, resurrection of Wynyard.3 I admire your noble courage, more, / even, than your splendid taste. The achievement is really heroic. Tomorrow, I shall return to London, as we require some conferences before the house meets. When there, I shall write to you & tell / you what I hear. Do you still believe in Peel?4 The only thing I envy him is your patronage. But whatever haps, you will, always, let me, I hope, be, your / faithful & attached Serv[an]t, D. The crash has not hurt me, anymore than a fall of ten pr Ct. in the funds may / inconvenience a man, who has to complete a purchase in March next: but by that time, we may be all ruined, or raised up again like yr northern Palace.

I6O6

TO: PHILIP ROS

[London] Thursday n November 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/i6

My dear Rose I will call upon you tomorrow (Friday) at three o'ck.1 Yours flly I D.

1607

TO: LORD JOHN MANNER

Thursday I n Nov. 184

Grosvenor Gate [Tuesday] 16 November [1847]

ORIGINAL: BEA [111-41] PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B in 29-30, extracts dated 16 November 1847 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: '1847'. Dating: the endorsed year is confirmed by context. See m. Sic: faultered; Roxburgh.

1 Lady Londonderry had written to D from Wynyard on 31 October 1847, asking his opinion on the state of things, and expressing the hope that he was busy writing and not suffering from the 'crash'. H B/xx/v/146. 2 Lady Londonderry's second daughter, Lady Alexandrina Octavia Maria (1823-1874), on 2 September 1847 at Wynyard Park had married Henry John Reuben Dawson Darner (1822-1889), 3rd Earl of Portarlington. According to the two-column 4 September MP account of the lavish festivities, the family had combined the celebration of the wedding with that of Lord Seaham's election for Durham North. Peel had been among the many distinguished guests, and had been obliged to receive an adulatory deputation from Stockton-on-Tees during his stay at Wynyard. 3 For the destruction by fire of Wynyard Hall in 1841 see (VOL in) ii3On6. The MP reporter had devoted several awe-struck paragraphs to a description of the virtually complete reconstruction of the house, and to the enlargement of the estate in recent years by 'not less than 50,000 acres [sic]'. 4 Cf I53o&n2. 1 According to a schedule of documents on Hughenden in the Bucks CRO, on 12 November 1847 D would assign the £550 life insurance policy of 28 October 1847 (see *6o2n2) to Baxter, Rose and Norton.

318

My dear John, Grosvenor Gate I Novr: 16 Your letter l was forwarded to me from Bradenham. I had come up to have a couple of days counsel & conference with G.B. before he went to Welbeck, wh: he did on Thursday - & I have stayed here since, & shall, I / suppose, for the next eight months, with very slight intervals. What I thought of your letter will be best shown by my immediately sending it off to G.B. who returned it yesterday. He writes "I send you back John Manners' sensible & spirited letter. I am lowspirited for want of / such comrades in arms as this very John Manners."21 need not say how completely I echo this sentiment. What wo[ul]d I not give to find you again at my right hand; with the talent ever ready, the courage that never faultered, the indefatigable industry, &, / above all, the honor & fidelity in wh: one cd. place implicit trust. It will always be the first object of my life, & I am sure also of G.B's, to restore you to that place, where you are destined to occupy the most conspicuous post, & where in your presence we shall find the comrade / & colleague for whom both of us feel devoted friendship. As for G.B. himself, he is a little taken by surprise by the early meeting, but full of courage, & I think much more matured; very earnest, & conscious of a great office, "to save if possible," he says in his last letter "the greatest commercial / empire of the world engaged in a life & death struggle for existence". 3 As to the disposition of parties & individuals I can add nothing to your lucid & true picture. 4 As affairs develope, I will communicate, if you are not in town. But I am a rude correspondent, never indeed writing to anyone except / you & G.B. & therefore you must take my curt scrawls as they come. You never can do anything more gracious & pleasing to me than to write to me, as you always do, with fullness & in that spirit wh: has always, &, I hope, will always, animate our communications[.] G.B. has been terribly / annoyed by the Rothschild affair, wh: he looked upon as a sad debut, whatr. he did. I had the pleasure yesterday of informing him, as I do now yourself, that the peril is not so imminent. It is even on the cards that the bill will be introduced in the Lords; & whatr. the result there, it will be a great relief / to us. But, if introduced into the Commons, Lord John will only give notice before Xmas, & the battle is not to be fought until next year. Lionel, as at present counselled, will not even take his seat to choose 1 Lord John Manners, who had lost the election at Liverpool and subsequently had also been incapacitated by an ailment in his foot, had written a lengthy letter from Belvoir Castle on 8 November 1847: 'We have generally thought so much together during the last 5 years that I did not like this Campaign to open without communicating to you the general bent of my opinions now ..." For some of the matters touched on in the letters see nn4&5,1587^ and i6o8na. H B/XX/M/LJ.. 2 Written from Welbeck on 14 November. H B/xx/Be/42. 3 Lord George Bentinck had in fact said that he was 'low spirited at seeing the Party occupying itself about the admission or exclusion of an Individual [Rothschild] from Parliament at a moment when the greatest Commercial Empire of the World is engaged in a life or death struggle for existence. It is tea table twaddling more becoming a pack of old maids than a great Party aspiring [to] govern an Empire upon which the Sun never sets.' See n5 below. 4 Manners in his letter (m) had analysed the prospects for the upcoming session: 'It seems to me that on the 3 great fields of inevitable debate we have a clear & ascertained superiority, Ireland, Free Imports, Currency.' Manners then analysed a number of the 'uncertain and unattached members' to illustrate his point that they would most likely not be allies. Nevertheless he felt that on 'leading questions' there would be 'a strong support given us from various & conflicting quarters.'

3'9

the Speaker. Are you aware, that if Rothschild were to go to the table & ask for / the Roman Cath: oath, wh: they co[ul]d not refuse him, that he co[ul]d take his seat. The words "faith of a Christian" only being in the oath of abjuration, from wh: the Romans were relieved. 5 I understand from Jarnac, that foreign affairs are all right. / Switzerland is the only point on wh: there is not a tolerable accord betn. England & France. France has invited all the great powers to mediate in the Swiss affair under the treaty of Vienna, & all have agreed except Palmerston, who howr is much softened in his tone with respect to the Sonderbund, & / Jarnac thinks that there will be no misconception.6 As for our domestic affairs, I will to day say nothing. It is out of my power to give you the faintest idea of the feeling of terror, panic, despair, wh: seems to pervade all classes & people in this town. Every moment brings a / fresh rumor; cabinet councils every other day, & frequent differences therein, as I am assured. The Queen does not open Parliamt, being enceinte.7 It is quite on the cards that the Duke of Roxburgh, Ld. Belhaven, Campbell of Islay & several other Scotch lairds will be in the Gazette / as Bankrupts - amid this universal ruin, the Duke of Beaufort has rallied. It is quite true, that his affairs are not a tithe as bad as was supposed, so G.B. writes me, & that it is on the cards that he will be in his seat in the House / of Lords immediately. He is resolved to prosecute most fiercely the petition against Ld. 5 Baron Lionel de Rothschild had been elected a Whig MP for London during the general election, but was not allowed to take his seat when he refused to take the oath 'on the true faith of a Christian'. Lord John Russell, his constituency colleague, was-to introduce a bill on 20 December to remove the disabling phrase from the oath, but although, as D predicts, second reading did not occur until the next session in 1848, D would make a famous speech on 16 December 1847 in the debate for a select committee on the matter. In the event, the bill was passed by the Commons but rejected by the Lords, and Rothschild was not to take his seat in the House despite repeated victories for another eleven years. Cousinhood 92-7. D is wrong in thinking that a loophole already existed for Jews: the Roman Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 applied specifically and only to Roman Catholics. W.C. Costin and J. Steven Watson The Law and Working of the Constitution: Documents 1660-1914 (2nd ed 1964) n 45-53. Lord John Manners in his letter had remarked: 'in front of all lies this horrid question of Lionel Rothschild's election ... if you can put that matter into a right train you will perform a greater feat than when in 5 minutes you induced 3 Dukes one after the other to say you had convinced them about Cracow.' On 3 November Bentinck had told D that 'Ld. Stanley & all the party are pressing me very hard to surrender my opinions about the Jews' but that he thought he remembered voting with Stanley in favour of the Jews. It was not until December that Bentinck was to start reporting to D the results of his research on the voting records of a large number of peers in order to prepare his speech on the issue. Although Bentinck's stand favouring the Jews led at the end of the year to his resigning (under some pressure) the leadership of the Protectionist Party which he saw as a group of bigots, he continued to see the matter as inconsequential, and in a letter to Croker on 28 December 1847 ne was to remark: 'I don't care two straws about [the Jews], and heartily wish they were all back in the Holy Land.' H B/xx/Be/40,42, 45,46; Croker HI 158-65. See further i6i7&nna&4&5. 6 Britain and France in 1847 acted in accord on several occasions, such as the Austrian occupation of Ferrara and the La Plata River affair in Nicaragua. Since July 1847 there had been the threat of a Protestant-Catholic Radical-Conservative civil war in Switzerland over the Sonderbund league of cantons, the conflict being seen by several governments as the spark that might ignite the revolutions that were threatening in their own countries bordering Switzerland. See Bell Palmerston i 403-77 The Queen on 18 March 1848 was to be delivered of her sixth child (fourth daughter), Princess Louise Caroline Alberta.

320

Granville's return. 8 Can you make out this greasy MSS: like a reporters? I have not told you a tenth of what I wished, but I am pressed / to death with business to day, & did not like that another shd elapse witht. writing. Yours ever I D. Lady Dorothy Walpole went down to Wolterton to day to be married, wh: makes me very glad: an excellent match. Reginald Nevill with a good 8ooo£ pr ann. & a real good fellow.9 8 James Henry Robert Innes Ker (1816-1879), 6th Duke of Roxburghe, was a governor of the National Bank of Scotland; Robert Montgomery Hamilton (1793-1868), 8th and last Baron Belhaven and Stenton, was a deputy-governor of the National Bank of Scotland; Walter Frederick Campbell (1798-1855), of Shawfield and Islay, Lord Belhaven's father-in-law, was MP for Argyll 1821-32, JP and deputylieutenant of Lanark county. Several of Bentinck's recent letters had contained distressed commentary on the panic that pervaded the upper classes because of the ravages of the financial crisis, and his last letter, of 14 November, contained the news D is passing on. Bentinck had referred to the Duke of Roxburghe, Lord Belhaven and Campbell of Islay as 'small game' likely to pass with little notice in the Gazette: Bentinck had received a letter mentioning Campbell's debt of £500,000 on estates valued at £1,000,000. Bentinck had also commented on his own position: 'I live in fear & trembling that Drummonds may call in my Debt, but as yet they have foreborne to disturb either me or either of my Brothers.' Lord Granville Somerset, brother of the Duke of Beaufort, had narrowly won a seat at Monmouthshire, thereby preventing, much to his brother's chagrin, a Protectionist sweep of the two-seat constituency. The return was petitioned against, but unsuccessfully. Bentinck had earlier expressed the opinion that the 'smash' of Lord Beaufort, whom he called the 'Soul' of the Protectionists, would save Lord Granville's seat, but in the more recent letters he saw it as 'more than probable' that Beaufort, now that his financial condition was 'stable', would attend the meeting of parliament and 'be able to prosecute the Petition against Lord Granville Somerset with a certainty of success.' H B/xx/Be/33,35,42,108; The Times (9 Dec 1847). 9 The marriage on 2 December 1847 of Lady Dorothy Walpole to Reginald Henry Nevill (1807-1878), JP and deputy-lieutenant of Sussex, grandson of ist Earl of Abergavenny and a relation of the Walpoles, was to be the conclusion of an enormous scandal arising from an August 1846 visit by Smythe to Lord Orford's family visiting in Hampshire. Bentinck in a letter to D on 9 November 1846 had told the story: 'It has not yet appeared in print, - but the talk in the Clubs is that Lord Walpole has had Smythe out & shot him in the wrist. - The scandalous say he has enjoyed the favours of both the married and unmarried sisters & of the sister in law also. - It is much discussed whether Smythe will be received in Society after such an outrage as getting an Earl's Daughter with child (if she be with child) & then casting her off & refusing to marry her. - This is quite a modern description of profligacy reserved for a Member of Peel's moral Government the contagion of its political bad faith spreading into private life.' In a letter to MA Lady Orford had strenuously denied all the rumours. In October 1846 there had been press reports of a fall by Lady Dorothy while riding leading to an indisposition necessitating the care of a Norwich surgeon. Smythe had left for the continent on 29 August 1846, and on 3 November 1846 had written a lengthy self-pitying letter to Lord John Manners, seeing himself as one 'whom English hypocrisy has banished & proscribed', since he thought his career would probably be ruined by his resistance to the pressure being exerted on him to marry Lady Dorothy; he concluded by dolefully telling of his preparations to go to Rome to face Lord Walpole. On 17 October 1847 he had written to Manners again: 'So Lady Dorothy is to marry Reggy Nevill: he was a great friend of mine in 1846, & is a great foe now, but nevertheless a very good fellow. He was desperately in love with the sister: when I was intimate with him: you may well write "what a strange world it is".' Lady Orford had written to MA on 29 September 1847 to announce the engagement, and to provide the details of Nevill's financial status. On 7 October Lady Dorothy had replied to D who had apparently sent her a letter: 'I am so glad you approve my choice of a husband. I assure you, I could never have found another as well suited to me. He is so good so devoted to me it will be my own fault if I am not happy.' H B/XX/BC/IS; 0/111/0/1433-4,2784a, 2793,2809; BEA MSS; M (29 Aug, 2, 5 Oct 1846); The Satirist (4 Oct - 29 Nov 1846); Dickens Letters iv 647&n. Wolterton Park, near Aylsham in Norfolk, was one of the seats of Lord Orford, Lady Dorothy's father.

321

i6o8

TO: LORD JOHN MANNER

[London, Thursday 25 November 1847]

ORIGINAL: BEA [111-42] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: 'Nov 25 or 26, 1847'. Dating: by Bentinck's speech. See n3- Sic: aufait to; acceding.

My dear John, Your letter is full of sense. 1 I cd. not, owing to his gout & the hurry of affairs, see Stanley before the genl. meeting, or I shd. have had some conversation with him on foreign affairs. On the Sunday previously, I had a long, perfectly unreserved, & most confidential colloquy with / Jarnac, who put me entirely au fait to the present situation, & I wrote immediately the result to G.B. in order that it might influence him. Jarnac told me, that every thing went right betn. Palmerston & France, except the Sonderbund affair & that they were in almost daily hourly expectation of his acceding to the solicitation of all the other great powers under / the treaty of Vienna, for a mediation. At all events, I shd. have prevented any crusade against the "Jesuits" from Exeter Hall had it been necessary.2 It was not. The first night was an Irish Row, got up, I believe, by the governmt, but at 1/2 past n Herries rose & made a most lucid & discreet movement wh: saved us. Ld. George followed yesterday with the best speech he has yet made, with the / exception of the Irish Railroad one but the Government & the Peelites were resolved, that there shd. be no general debate until Tuesday, & I, therefore, remained silent, putting up Newdegate to reply to Labouchere - the house being thin, & all the Peelites & Ld John having walked away. 3 Ever yrs I D. 1 Lord John Manners had written to D on 24 November 1847 to comment on Lord Stanley's 23 Novembe speech on the Address, particularly on Stanley's expressed surprise that the Speech from the Throne had mentioned the civil war in Switzerland while omitting the state of affairs in Italy, where Stanley felt that the struggle was threatening the balance of power in Europe. 'What possible evil', Manners remarked, 'can result to England from the consolidation of the heretofore divided Italian states into a powerful Union? ... the more powerful & united Italy becomes, the greater & more effective is the check on French Mediterranean ambition ... I hope you will prevent our taking up a needlessly unpopular position in the opening of the Campaign.' H B/xx/M/i6. 2 Exeter Hall, opened in 1831, had become associated, by virtue of the meetings regularly held there, with a group of evangelical radicals. In his 8 November letter Manners had advised D: 'Don't let that Exeter Hall Herald lead us into a Newdegate-Spooner Crusade against the [Catholic] Sonderbund to which I fear some of our friends are strangely disposed.' H B/xx/M/i4. 3 The first night of debate in the Address, on 23 November, had been concerned almost entirely with Irish affairs, with several Irish members claiming that Ireland was not being given due attention, leading The Times the next day to comment on 'the violence with which the new session has been seized and immersed in the limbo of Irish animosities'. J.C. Herries had changed the focus of the debate by raising the matter of the 25 October letter to the Bank of England (see 159^2). He had wished to know what effect this now had on Peel's Bank Charter Act of 1844, and what immediate plans the government had to prevent another such crisis occurring. Lord George Bentinck had spoken early during the second night of debate on the Address, remarking on the singularity of the government's silence on the Bank Charter Act, and accusing them of raising taxes, in effect, but without the consent of parliament. He called for a financial discussion, and then proceeded to analyse the causes of the financial crisis to show that it was not the result of railroad speculation. He concluded by contrasting the condition of England on the first meeting of parliament since repeal to that which prevailed at the previous meeting in 1845: 'What were we once - what are we now?' Lord John Russell in reply had refuted Bentinck's analyses and promised a full debate on 'Tuesday next'.

322

I have conversed freely with Stafford, & put him up the first / night from the Red box in reply to Somerville[.]4 I have been so chained to my seat, that I have not been able to wander about the House & see any of our new friends, John Walter &c. TO: SIR GEORGE SINCLAI

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 25 November 1847

ORIGINAL: SRO [7 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Meynell n 383-4 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed on the first page of the MS in another hand: 'B. D'Israeli Esq I M.P. I Nov 1847 I very kind.

My dear Sir George, Grosvenor Gate I Nov 25 1847 I do not pretend to be a correspondent, as I have often told you. I am overworked; otherwise, I shd. be very glad to communicate with you, of all men, in the spirit, & bathe the memory, sometimes, in / those delicious passages of ancient song, wh: your unrivalled scholarship so beautifully commands. My dear friend, John Manners, writes to me every week, now he is shut out from Parliament, & expects no return, but he gives me his impressions & / counsels, often the clearer from his absence from our turbulent & excited scene. I cannot venture to ask such favors from you, tho' I shd. know how to appreciate the suggestive wisdom of a classic sage. On Tuesday will commence one of the most / important debates that ever took place in the house of Commons. I shall reserve myself, I apprehend, to the end. It will last several nights. 1 There is a passage about usury; wh: haunts my memory, & wh: I fancied was in Juvenal but / I cd. not light upon it, as I threw my eye over the pages yesterday. Notwithstanding our utilitarian senate, I wish, if possible, that the noble Roman spirit shd. sometimes be felt in the House of Commons expressed in its own magnificent tongue. Labouchere and Newdegate (and others) in effect had then repeated the arguments of Russell and Bentinck respectively. On Tuesday 30 November the chancellor of the exchequer was to move for a select committee on the Bank Charter issue. Hansard xcv cols 64-148, 150-206. On 30 November MP was also to publish a long poem titled 'The Income-Tax. - A Tory Chaunt.' by 'J.M.' dated 27 November 1847 in Leicestershire. 4 A.S.O. Stafford (formerly Augustus Stafford O'Brien) had replied to Sir William Somerville during the 'Irish Row' on 23 November, particularly on the need for more government powers to suppress crime in Ireland, and had created a sensation in the House with his graphic description of an attempted assassination in which the mutilated victim had been refused assistance by the peasantry. Manners in his 19 November letter had endorsed the views and strategies of Stafford and 'the new Irish Tories' regarding 'those organized Irish bloodhounds'. He thought that Stafford was enthralled by Peel's 'financial prestige', however, and suggested that D put him right on the currency issue: 'you know the great admiration he has for you and I am sure he will be glad to communicate frankly with you.' In his journal entry for 28 November 1847 Manners was to remark that he had 'mutually inspired Dizzy & Stafford with a good opinion of each other, they had a long & friendly talk, and S is now all right with the party.' On 13 December, however, he was to conclude: 'All my efforts to keep Stafford & G.B. together have failed, & the former has formally seceded from the party in the Commons' BEA LJMJ. Since the opening of the 1847 session in January D had been sitting on the fron bench with the Protectionist leaders below the red box. See introduction p xl. 1 There were to be three nights of debate on Commercial Distress, on Tuesday 30 November, and on 2 and 3 December, but D did not speak except for a slight interjection: the motion for a select committee on the causes of the financial distress and the effects of the 1844 Bank Charter Act passed. Hansard xcv cols 374-477, 531-94-

323

i6og

I / have, of late years, ventured sometimes on this, not witht. success, & in one instance, I remember, a passage wh: I owed to your correspondence. It was apposite, when in reference to Sir James Graham's avowed oblivion of the past, I told him At Di meminerunt, meminit fides.2 Let me, at least, hear, that you are better, & always believe me, with the most unaffected regard, Your friend & I servant I B Disraeli ..T.O./ Lord George Bentinck made a very powerful speech last night. It produced considerable effect.

1610

TO: [THOMAS LOFTUS? ORIGINAL: EDU La n 422/56

Grosvenor Gate [Thursday] 25 November 1847

EDITORIAL COMMENT: Thomas Loftus had handled MA'S previous dealings with the Lewis estate.

My dear Sir Grosvenor Gate I Nov. 25. 1847 Sir John [Guest] is in town. May I, therefore, beg, that you will obtain from him immediately some settlement of the change proceedings with reference to the Taff / Mtge, ' renewed witht. the consent of Mrs Disraeli, or even of that of the individual interested in the reversion. It strikes me, that if forced into a Court of Equity, we should not be / forced to invest the sum in the Consols, but that a landed security, from wh: we cd., certainly, obtain 4 1/2 pr ct., & perhaps 5., wd. be the alternative, & I make no doubt you cd. find such. / I hope, however, we may obtain justice & satisfaction witht. recourse to any proceedings of the kind. Yours very faithf[ull]y I B Disraeli

1611

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAEL

.[London, Monday 29 November 1847]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/220 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B HI 31, dated 29 November 1847, omitting the second sentence EDITORIAL COMMENT: endorsed by MA on the last page of the MS: '1847 Novr 2gth I Monday I at Lord Stanleys'. Dating: the context confirms MA'S endorsement. See m.

2 On 15 June 1846 in a speech in the third night of debate on the Irish Coercion Bill that brought down Peel's government, D at the height of his invective against the infidelity of the Ministers had quoted this phrase: '"Sed tu oblitus es I At Di meminerint, meminit fides fides." I And I tell the right hon. Gentleman and his friends, though they may have forgotten all this, the violated principles of political morality have not forgotten it: it is remembered by the outraged faith of England.' Hansard LXXXVII col 524. The quotation (which either D or Hansard did not get quite right) is from Catullus xxx n: 'Si tu oblitus es, at di meminerunt meminit Fides'. ('If you have forgotten, the gods remember, and faith remembers.') The letter from Sinclair recommending the passage has not been found. On 15 December 1847 he was to offer D further quotations and apposite passages, this time from Adam Smith and Voltaire's Candide, and enclose a pamphlet on the commercial crisis. On 20 December he wrote again to express his disappointment at D'S not speaking more ofte in debate: 'The part of Hamlet shd not so often be omitted.' H B/xxi/s/2O7-ga. 1 See (VOL HI) 871111. No 1847 documents pertaining to this matter have been found. The Times on 19 August 1847 nad reported the meeting of the Taff-Vale Railway Company at which the directors had reported the resignation of Sir John Guest, the Chairman, as well as a half-year profit of £2,775.12.9. On 4 February 1848 MA was to record a payment of £174.15 from Sir John Guest on the Taff Mortgage, 'to account for the deficiency! H ace.

324

My dearest Love, 3 o'ck Our cabinet1 is just over, having lasted three hours! Ld. Eglinton was there the paragraph is not true.2 Ld. G.B. is / so ill with the Influenza, that he is obliged to go home to bed.3 Herries has only just got out of bed, after three days / & is still very ill. Ld. Chandos has been in bed for four days, the Duke has just told me. Your own I D. TO: LADY DOROTHY NEVIL

[London, Tuesday 7 December 1847]

iGlI.

ORIGINAL: H H/Life of Disraeli [unnumbered] PUBLICATION HISTORY: Anglo Saxon Review Vol iv 143 EDITORIAL COMMENT: the following is the text of an undated MS copy among Monypenny's papers in H of a letter headed 'On her marriage', the first of a series headed 'Letters to Lady Dorothy Nevill'. Dating: see m.

Dear Lady Dorothy, Your charming recollection of me at the most charming moment of your life is worthy of your sweet & gentle nature. I assure you I thought of you very often on the eventful day, and wished you all the felicity which no one more deserves. * Pray make my kind regards acceptable to Mr. Nevill: when I see him I shall congratulate him on his good fortune. I look forward with great interest to cultivating his society, and I am sure that I shall be ever, if you will permit me, Your faithful friend, I B. Disraeli. TO: PHILIP ROS

Carlton Club, Wednesday 8 December [1847]

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/4 PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B in 149, dated 8 December 1846, omitting the first sentence EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the timber evaluation reference. Sic: Shephard.

private My dear Rose,

Carlton I Dec. 8. Wednesday

1 Presumably the Protectionist 'shadow cabinet' had met at Stanley's in preparation for the debate to begin on Tuesday. See also Stewart Conservative Party 32380154. 2 On 30 November The Times was to publish Lord Eglinton's letters to The Globe and to The Times, dated 28 and 29 November respectively, refuting an item in The Globe of 27 November, apparently reprinted in an edition of The Times of 29 November, which had stated that Eglinton was bankrupt and had been placed on an allowance of £500 a year. 3 According to his letter to D of 3 December, Bentinck was still in bed at that time. H B/xx/Be/44. A major epidemic of influenza covered the whole country in 1847-8, causing 50,000 deaths in London alone. Anthony S. Wohl Endangered Lives: Public Health in Victorian Britain (Cambridge, Mass, 1983) 128. As the family had feared since March 1847, Isaac would die of the disease, on 19 January 1848. H D/III/A/130; MP (22 Jan 1848). 1 At MA'S request, Lady Dorothy had written to D to tell him of her happiness. In her letter (endorsed by MA '1847. Decbr. 6th. ... answerd. 7th.') she had written: 'As you wrote to me in one of your happiest moments will you forgive me for doing the same in one of mine.' See 1589. A detailed description of the wedding had been sent to MA on 3 December by Lady Dorothy's sister-in-law, Cecili. Walpole. H 0/111/0/1437-8,2809.

325

1612

Last night, I received a note from Wright Smith & Shephard (from whom I have not heard for many weeks) in consequence of a letter, that the valuation of the timber was completed,1 from wh: I infer, they have greater difficulties, than / they care to express, about fulfilling the Hughenden arrangements. It wd. give me the greatest pleasure to find my title deeds under yr roof, but I shd. not like to take a decisive step witht. a / line from you, that you saw your way. Could you command £25,000 to complete the purchase, I supplying the balance, say £10,000; the estate yr security? 2 Yours ever, I D.

1613

TO: PHILIP ROS

Carlton Club [Thursday] 9 December 1847

ORIGINAL: H R/i/A/iy EDITORIAL COMMENT: A page break occurs in the middle of the sum of money. Sic: checque.

My dear Rose, Carlton I Dec 9. 1847 I enclose a copy wh: I have at hand. The affair is not so pressing, that I shd. require the fulfilment before six weeks or even two months, as I only / received this morning the valuation of the timber. I take it for granted that you duly received some little time back my checque for £90.15.6. left at yr office. It was crossed with yr banker's name. Yrs ever flly I D.

1614

TO: SARAH DISRAEi

Carlton Club, Monday [20 December 1847]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/sAjoS EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: 'Deer 20.747'. Dating: the endorsement is virtually confirmed by the context. See nm&2.

My dear Sa, Carlton I Monday All the Curios: are sold & Moxon has given me a cheque for £36, wh: I will forward in a / day or two, as I shd. think most convenient to you.1 I hope we shall be with you on Friday. 2 Yours affly I D. 1 See idoynz. Wroughton had written to his solicitors (Metcalfe and Woodhouse) on 4 December to inform them that it was his understanding that D'S valuer had nearly completed his valuation, an that he was to compare books with the vendors' valuer at a meeting on 'Friday next'. Despite the fact that he thought it would still take some time before the two valuers sent in their valuation, Wroughton suggested that this need not prevent Smith from furnishing them with a draft conveyance. On ii December George Mason was to write to Wright and Partners that he and Pheby (the vendor's valuer) had not been able to reach agreement, and had arranged to meet again. Woodhouse on 14 December was to write to Smith asking to see him the next day about the valuation. H A/VII/B/ 203,21,49,50. The note from Wright and Partners has not been located. 2 According to a schedule of documents on Hughenden in the Bucks CRO, Rose did lend D £25,000 at the time of the completion of the purchase in September 1848; the total final price would be £34,950. 1 The last statement in H from Moxon about the yth edition of Curiosities is dated 8 June 1846 and shows 277 copies as then still on hand. Moxon in an undated note to D had said that he would be forwarding accounts to D every Christmas and Midsummer. H 0/1/1355-7. 2 The DS were to be at Bradenham from Friday 24 December to 28 January 1848. H ace.

326

TO: MARY ANNE DISRAEL

[London, Tuesday 21 December 1847

ORIGINAL: H A/i/A/222 COVER: Mrs. Disraeli I Grosvenor Gate I Park Lane [endorsed by MA:] 1847 Decbr aist I from Dear Dizzy EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: from MA'S endorsement.

i6i§

My dearest I must go into the City & see Lionel. Order the dinner at 1/2 past seven. Your own I D. TO: [GEORGE FREDERICK SMITH] [London, Thursday] 23 December [184.

1616

ORIGINAL: H A/vn/A/3i EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: the year is established by the Hughenden purchase.

Dear Sir, Dec 23 Be so kind as to send me this evening to Grosvenor Gate, a copy of the letter from Mr Metcalfe / about the interpretation of the agreement, & of yr reply, for I have mislaid the one you forwarded to me. l Yours flly I D. TO: LORD JOHN MANNERS ORIGINAL: BEA [111-43]

Bradenham [Sunday] 26Decmber 1847

PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B HI 81-2

private My dear John, Bradenham I Dec. 26/47 Your letter of the :6th. Inst. occasioned me great sorrow, as your bulletin is not only unsatisfactory, but indefinite. Myself, however, I cannot but believe, that the remedial agencies of Nature, wh: assisted you twenty years ago, if fostered with great care, / will again produce the same happy result.1 And I have also unshaken faith in your destiny. Whenever you can find time to let me have, if only, a line from you, I shall be greatly pleased. It was most unfortunate, that I did not see you when in town, but / I only learnt of yr confinement from Ld. Granby 3 or 4 days before your (to me unexpected) departure, & I was at that moment oppressed with business public & private: otherwise we cd. have spoken together of the painful subject to wh: yr. letter 1 On 20 December Metcalfe and Woodhouse had written to Wright and Partners about an interpretation of a detail of the mode of valuation of the timber as outlined in the second paragraph of the draft agreement (1538). They had written again on 22 December in response to a letter of the 2ist from Wright and Partners, saying that in their opinion the point should be settled before the valuers met to arrive at their valuation. On the 27th they were to write that Wroughton had rejected their suggested Solution. H A/VII/B/22-41 Lord John Manners had written to D from Belvoir on 16 December 1847 to tell D that, since he had seen him at the Carlton, he had been laid up with a foot ailment that one of his doctors thought might be due to a 20-year-old bone injury. In his journal entry for 21 November Manners had recorded that the foot had been bothering him for more than seven weeks and that his doctors had applied leeches. The condition was apparently at its worst over Christmas, but by 29 December Manners was able to report to D a slight improvement. H B/xx/M/i7-i8; BEA LJMJ.

327

1617

mainly refers. By this time, you have heard of the / Hebrew explosion. The truth is, but I say this in the greatest confidence, I doubt whether this would have taken place, but for the previous irritating causes, wh: cd. no longer be endured by G.B. Every day something occurred, wh: disgusted him. And at no time, were censure & criticism less justifiably exercised / on his career, for he was speaking rarely, & always with great improvement, & had given up his own opinion every time in council, wh:, in my belief, was the cause of the very ineffective way in wh: our affairs progressed; as he really is the only head of decision & real native sagacity, that we possess: but he was depressed / by the influenza, & desirous of conciliating, for wh: he has received his reward.2 I am as grieved, & more hurt, than you about Stafford,3 as I had always worked for a different end. However, I am persuaded he came up to town with a foregone conclusion, & no conduct or exertions cd have prevented the catastrophe. As for finding a new / leader, these frondeurs little know the qualities that are required for such an office. It is something more than asking a question at 4 o'clock or making a speech at n. Independent of the knowledge & management of mankind, the great spirit & social position, the even profuse generosity, wh: are required, & were so eminently practised & possessed by G.B; the mere conduct / of correspondence, & reading of blue books & making calculations, demand physical powers of Herculean range. He said to me: "It is not merely what I have done or spent for them - but during these two years, I have shaken my constitution & shortened my days". 4 2 See i6oy&n5; see also LGB ch 25 for D'S account of Bentinck's resignation on 23 December of the leadership of the Protectionist party primarily over the issue of religious tolerance. On 16 December Lord John Russell had moved for a select committee on the removal of Jewish disabilities, and on the first night of debate D had made several interjections and then the famous speech in which he argued that Jews should be admitted because Britain was Christian, and that this position did not extend to the inclusion of all faiths: 'Yes, it is as a Christian that I will not take upon me the awful responsibility of excluding from the Legislature those who are of the religion in the bosom of which my Lord and Saviour was born.' The next night Bentinck had risen to support Russell's proposal, expressing regret that on this issue he differed from the majority of his own party. He acknowledged that he had been told that by opposing his friends he would lose his influence (which he deprecated) and destroy the party (which he doubted). He then had developed an argument based largely on the anomaly of parliament having removed most Jewish disabilities except the ban on sitting in parliament. Both he and D then voted with the government in the division that established the committee by a vote of 253-186. The House in committee had then resolved that a bill should be brought in, and on 20 December Russell had introduced his bill to remove Jewish disabilities. Hansard xcv cols 1234-1332, 1356-1401 (D'S interjections and speech 1281, 1305, 1321-30; Bentinck's 1381-90). According to a letter he wrote to Sir William Jolliffe on 24 December, Bentinck had received a letter from Beresford on 20 December saying that because of his speech and vote he had forfeited the confidence of the party and thus the leadership. Following this, Bentinck had written to Bankes resigning as leader. SOMERSET RECORD OFFICE DD/HY 0/2165. In his letter Manners at some length had extolled Bentinck's virtues despite his faults, and had deplored 'the inability shown by many tenth rate minds to understand or make allowances for, the least roughness, or error in judgment on the part of their leader ...' On 'the end of Bentinck' see Stewart Conservative Party 230-53 Manners in his letter had declared himself vexed at Stafford's formal secession from the party 'after all our efforts'. In his journal entry on 13 December Manners had recorded Stafford's leaving, followed by that of Henry Lennox. BEA LJMJ. 4 Bentinck was to live only nine more months. In his journal entry for 13 December 1847 Manners had recorded that he saw no one to take his place 'except Herries, of whom I know nothing.' On Christmas Day he had again recorded his speculations on a new leader, mentioning Goulburn, Herries and even Stafford, but not D. According to Manners's account of a long conversation with Bentinck, Stanley had tried to persuade Bentinck to oppose the Jewish disabilities bill, and Newdegate had 328

And after all this Jew bill is to be carried: the Court being resolved on that head, & the Duke of W., I am told, after all to recommend its adoption.5 Adieu dear friend I D. "Multos et felices annos" TO: QUINTIN DIC

Bradenham [Thursday] 30 December 1847

1618

ORIGINAL: UCLA [23]

My dear Dick Bradenham I High Wycombe. I Dec 30/47 You will do me a great favor if you will remember my request about Mr. Philip Rose as a member of the Conservative Club. l He is a man of the / highest character, considerable fortune; & great influence & energy; a man who will subscribe to elections & do much for a party, & as hot a Protestant as yourself. Pray / exert yourself that he may get admitted as soon as possible. My wife desires her kindest regards. Ever yours flly I B Disraeli m LORD JOHN MANNERS

[Bradenham, Thursday 30? December 1847]

ORIGINAL: BEA [10-52] PUBLICATION HISTORY: M&B in 82, dated January 1848, with omissions EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see m. Sic: mageus; cf 1361.

My dear John, I must scribble a line that you may receive it in London. Your letter is capital. You have sketched, with the hand of a master, the two characters: especially the first. As for the second, I have always shrunk from him: he appeared to me coarse & commonplace, not a / man of much mageus: more rapaciou than ambitious & rather cunning than shrewd: but he has vigor, tho' deficient in tact.' told Bentinck that '"if you speak you break up the party."' Nevertheless Bentinck had spoken: 'his party would not listen to a word; he saw & felt they hated him.' Manners then recorded his own impressions: 'since this Government was formed, Beresford, Newdegate &c - with Stanley's sanction have worked for a Religious cry, and determined to merge, perhaps with a view to ultimate recovery Protection in Protestantism ... from GB's tone I fear he suspects Stanley of going heartily with these bigots, of whom the National Club is the avowed organ & representative - If so we will form a fresh Young England of genuine Toryism that shall "confound their knavish tricks."' BEA LJMJ. 5 Nothing has been found to indicate the views of the court on the Jewish disabilities bill. The attitude to D is however quite clear in a letter that the Queen had written on 19 December 1847 in which she told Lord John Russell 'that she was a little shocked at Sir Charles Wood in his speech upon the Commission of Inquiry, designating the future Government, and selecting Lord George Bentinck, Mr Disraeli(l), and Mr Herries as the persons destined to hold high offices in the next Government.' LQV n 139. Wood had made the remark on 15 December during nominations for the select committee on commercial distress. Hansard xcv col 1128. On 25 May 1848 Wellington was to be one of the majority in the Lords that rejected the bill. The Times (29 May 1847). 1 The Conservative Club was located at 74 St James's Street. LPOD (1850). Quintin Dick was at this time a member of the committee. H R/i/A/27- See (VOL v) 12 July 1848. 1 Lord John Manners had replied to D'S previous letter (1617) in a letter from London dated 29 December 1847, explaining that on 25 December he had come to town about his foot, and would be leav-

329

1619

I hope you have seen GB. if he were in London at the same time as yourself.2 I believe in his career as I do in yours: but, at all events, I wd. sooner be his companion in adversity, than share the sunnier hours of / those, who do not possess my confidence & heart. At present, I wd. write to you as Ld. Bolingbroke did to the immortal Dean, when Queen Anne died "Love me, for tho' all is over, I am in the very best spirits in the world."3 At least I shd be so, were you well, & in Parliamt: but Nature will cure you & your friends must contrive the second remedy. Then all wd. go right, / & our friend wd be at the head of a party, that wd. ultimately carry all before it. I hope Granby will stand by him, in spite of the Jews, as yr brother, not only from his position, but his grand character, & strength of purpose, is a tower. 4 I am busied with the troubled waters of La Plata - & think of giving notice the first night of a motion thereon. I think, as Johnson sd. of Goldsmiths "Animated Nature," I cd. "make it as amusing as a / fairy tale."5 Its a wonderful history: fatal, I think, to Aberdeens reputation. 6 ing London again on New Year's Day. In the letter he once more bemoaned recent events and praised Bentinck: 'I should like very much to ask each of the malcontents what sort of fight he thinks would have been made, had you and he been deducted from the Country party in '45 & '46? qy. 46 & 47? It is not too much to say that you formed the mind and voice of the party.' He then went on to wonder what lessons could be learned: 'The first thing that strikes me is - the great influence Whips have on the conduct and spirit of such a party as ours was. Had Newdigate [sic] & Beresford been with you, I doubt whether all those previous Jealousies and quarrels would have occurred. The former is a most honest, excellent, mulish prig of a bigot: the latter - an enigma - to me at least: but evidently possessed of considerable abilities and full of ambition ... I doubt his caring much for that Protestantism which he has so successfully evoked against his leaders: probably you & G.B. know more about him than I do ... I can't help entertaining a suspicion that he used the influence his position as Whip necessarily gave him to encrease, not diminish, the intolerant agitation that has at last ended in this smash.' Manners then discounted Goulburn and Herries as possible successors to Bentinck. 'If we hold together,' he concluded, 'we shall reestablish a "Young England" of greater weight and capacity than those Exeter Hall zealots conceive possible.' H B/xx/M/i8. 2 In his reply on 5 January 1848, Manners said that he had seen Bentinck in London, 'and had a long chat with him: he complained of influenza and impaired health, but seemed well pleased with the step he had taken, and the manner in which it had been received by those to whom he had communicated it.' Manners also expressed his hope that Bentinck would soon return as head of the party. H B/XX/ M/ig. 3 D had probably read J.H. Jesse's Memoirs of the Court of England (3 vols, 1843). In it is recorded Lord Bolingbroke's letter to Dean Swift of n August 1714, ten days after the death of Queen Anne: '"Adieu, love me; and love me better, because, after a greater blow than most men have felt, I keep up my spirit ..."' On 3 August he had written to Swift that he had '"lost all, by the death of the Queen, but my spirit; and I protest to you that I feel that increase upon me."' H 124-5. Bolingbroke, because of the succession of George i, was at the time in fear of impeachment and even execution for having plotted a Jacobite restoration, and fled the country. 4 In his reply Manners reassured D that 'Granby quite agrees with us in his estimate of these untoward dissensions.' He went on to describe a letter Granby had written to Stanley disavowing 'any knowledge of a wish being entertained by any influential section of the Party for G.B's retirement.' He also added that his father was 'decidedly opposed to those ultra-gentlemen, and professes his antagonism to them. The Duke of Bedford writes him word that Lord John regrets the abdication clearly from thinking a Junction of Newdegate with Peel, or at least Goulburn, possible'. 5 In his Life of Johnson Boswell records that on 30 April 1773 Johnson defended Goldsmith's merits as an historian by pointing out his conciseness and his '"art of compiling, and of saying every thing he has to say in a pleasing manner. He is now writing a Natural History and will make it as entertaining as a Persian Tale."' Goldsmith's An History of the Earth and Animated Nature was published posthumously in 1774. 6 Aberdeen in 1846 had returned to Palmerston the affair of British involvement in the civil war in Argentina (focussed on commerce on the River Plate) which he had inherited from Palmerston in 1841, and which Palmerston was to resolve by treaty in 1848. Palmerston had announced an agreement

33°

Your Sacheverell sonnet is much mentioned in this county, & has taken amazingly. I thought it very spirited. 7 Ever yrs I D. / Your sort of kinsman, Carington, or rather his wife, has christened their new daughter Eva! So the Jews go down here better than was expected.8

with the French on the matter in the House on 13 December 1847. Hansard xcv col 968. Because of the bloody action against Argentina that had resulted from his indecisive instructions, Aberdeen came to be criticized for his 'gunboat diplomacy'. Lucille Iremonger Lord Aberdeen ... (1978) 176-82. Manners thought that D could not do a wiser thing than bring on the La Plata affair: 'You will again make your great powers felt in the House, will again charm and win those crass ears, and dull hearts that so soon have forgotten '44 & '45 & '46, and show them what they lose in losing you.' D'S expres sion of interest in the River Plate affair was to amount to no more than a concise question of Palmerston on 4 February 1848, the second night of the session. Hansard xcvi col 82. 7 In his letter of 16 December Manners had said that, in the current 'ecclesiastical hubbub', he saw his vocation to be 'that of Atterbury and Sacheverell. We will beat Johnny Russell out of his Whig Erastianism into - What?' Manners's reference was to the controversy over the offer by Lord John Russell of the See of Hereford to the latitudinarian scholar Renn Dickson Hampden, whose orthodoxy was questioned especially by those of high-church views. He was elected bishop on 28 December 1847, confirmed on n January 1848 and consecrated on 26 March 1848. Dr Henry Sacheverell ((71674-1724) preached his famous sermon on 'the perils of false brethren in church and state' on 5 November 1709, and read the defence written for him by Bishop Atterbury before the Lords in 1710. MP on 2 December 1847 had published Manners's sonnet dated 30 November on 'The See of Hereford' in which he called on the 'Spirit of Truth' to 'upraise, / In these our silken times, some man of God, / Who, strong in conscious rectitude, shall dare / Resist this flagrant outrage ... / of State oppression.' By deduction from his journal entries it seems that Manners was the author of a long leader in MP o. 14 December 1847 rebutting Russell's position as expressed in correspondence on the matter also published that day. H B/xx/M/i7; BEA LJMJ. See further Owen Chadwick The Victorian Church 112-21, 237-498 Eva Elizabeth Carrington (1847-1917) had been born on 12 May 1847. She was later to be the Countess of Harrington. Lord Carrington's first wife's mother had been Manners's aunt. Eva is also the name of the heroine of Tancred.

331

THE M O D E R N

MOSES IN THE BULRUSHES.

The Satirist (19 September 1847) 332

APPENDIX I

PRE-i842 LETTERS NEWLY FOUND These are letters that properly belong in the previously published volumes, but which came to light or were correctly dated too late for inclusion there. The 'X' following a letter number indicates a new letter to be inserted into the sequence following the letter identijied by the number only. The 'R' following a letter number indicates a letter that now replaces the letter with that number which was previously published in part for reasons stated in the headnote for that letter. The letter thus superseded may, however, still contain extracts from other letters not yet found. NO

TO

PLACE OF ORIGIN

LOCATION OF ORIGINAL

aoiX [MID JUN '32?] a6oX [5? APR '33] z8zX [LATE JUN '33?]

ROBERT WHEELER SARAH DISRAELI

[BRADENHAM?] [LONDON]

H A/I/B/282

SARA AUSTEN

DUKE ST

UJBJ 7981

3iiR 3 MAR '34 352R [4 NOV? '34] 356X [4? DEC '34] 35gX [26 DEC '34?] 38iX 9 MAR '35 38iXA [10 MAR '35]

SARAH DISRAELI

HUNT HM 52621

397R 5 MAY ['35]

MORGAN O'CONNELL

[ESSEX] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON]

4igR i7Auc'35 449X 14 DEC '35 453R [19 DEC '35]

SARAH DISRAELI

H OF LORDS

HUNT HM 52625

SARAH DISRAELI

HUNT HM 52626

[ISAAC D'ISRAELI]

[LONG'S HOTEL] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON]

SARAH DISRAELI

CARLTON CLUB

MOPSIK [175]

F.H.F. QUIN

uo [4]

H A/I/B/38o,40I

465* 53oR 538X 58aX 675R 68iX 7i5R

DATE

[n JAN '36?] [15 OCT '36] [12 DEC '36] [28 FEE '37?] [18? NOV '37] [i DEC '37] [24 JAN '38]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LORD DURHAM?] SARAH DISRAELI SARAH DISRAELI

[THOMAS AMYOT]

SARAH DISRAELI JOSEPH HUME

MOPSIK [135]

HUNT HM 52622 H H/Life of Disraeli HUNT HM 52623 HUNT HM 52624 HUNT HM 52643 HUNT HM 52650

HUNT HM 52627

QUA 419 HUNT HM 52647

755* [29? MAR '38] 84oR [19 NOV '38]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON] [LONDON]

853X 12 DEC '38

BENJAMIN E. LINDO

BRADENHAM

FITZ [107]

go6X [19 MAR '39]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON]

uo[6]

936X [i7JUN'39l

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON]

HUNT HM 52631

94*X [25 JUN '39] 959X [iojuL'39] 995X [28Auo'39?]

SARAH DISRAELI

HUNT HM 52632

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON] [LONDON]

[HENRY RICHARDS]

GROSVENOR HT

MOPSIK [169]

SARAH DISRAELI SARAH DISRAELI SARAH DISRAELI SARAH DISRAELI

HUNT HM 52628 H H/Life of Disraeli HUNT HM 52629 HUNT HM 52630

HUNT HM 52633

1O17R

15 DEC ['39]

SARAH DISRAELI

GROSVENOR GT

BUB MS. 7.90 L.

1035R

[20 JAN '40]

SARAH DISRAELI

CARLTON CLUB

HUNT HM 52635

1O38X

[28 JAN '40]

SARAH DISRAELI

H OF COMMONS

HUNT HM 52634

!O4gX [22 FEE '40]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON]

HUNT HM 52636

lOIjlR

SARAH DISRAELI

H OF COMMONS

HUNT HM 52637

[CHARLES ROWCROFT]

GROSVENOR GT

DUN [i]

[27 FEE '40]

1O56X 17 APR ['40] 1O83R

[8? AUG '40]

SARAH DISRAELI

CARLTON CLUB

HUNT HM 52638

1126R

[30 JAN '41]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON]

PS 363

1156X

[l8 MAY '41]

SARAH DISRAELI

[LONDON]

HUNT HM 52639

[see also APP n for pre-i842 political letters]

20IX

TO: ROBERT WHEELE

[Bradenham? mid June 1832?]

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [135] COVER: Robert Wheeler Esqre I Wycombe I B. DISRAELI EDITORIAL COMMENT: a fragment. A note in what seems to be a contemporary hand has been added after D'S signature: 'Young D'Israeli, as he is called, has written "Vivian Grey," in 5 volumes; "Alroy," in 3 volumes combining fustian, rhyme and prose; "The Young Duke;" "Contarini;" &c." He is said to be a man of genius and talent, but to stand in need of some correction. He is described in his drives in the Park, as ensconsed [sic] in his cab, and holding his white reins with his hands in white gloves; as a dark oriental looking personage, with long coal-black curls, a bilious complexion, and a fine, but repulsive countenance. His trowsers are supposed to be of green velvet, and his boots of red morocco. He is lately [1835] returned from his travels in the East.' The note has apparently been transcribed from another source, as the copyist has added the '[1835]'. Dating: Because Wheeler was the mayor of Wycombe at the time of the Wycombe elections in 1832 and in 1834-5, the fragment probably has something to do with electioneering, possibly even D'S Red Lio speech (see (VOL i) 2Oi&nn6&7).

to avail themselves of it) have as strong a moral right to its use, as to walk in a Park, or gaze in a Picture Gallery. Pray make my complimts. to the Ladies, and believe me to remain, dear Sir,' I Your very faithful Sert, I Benj Disraeli

s6ox

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Friday 5? April 1833]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/282 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: 'May 3743'. Dating: by context. See m.

My dear Sa I have nothing to tell you, everything is so blank. How strange the breakup & utter ruin of all the Gilston Wards! H[enry] G[eorge Ward] leaves Parlt. quite ruined, 1 and old Plumer says / that he is ruined too - by his son - nobody 1 Robert Wheeler (b 1778) of High Street, Wycombe, brewer and public-house owner, alderman since 1809 and seven times mayor; manager of Wycombe savings bank, treasurer of the British School, president of the literary institute, and member of the local Turnpike Trusts. LJ. Ashford The History of the Borough of High Wycombe from its Origins to 1880 (1962) 283, 294. 1 See (VOL i) I46&nni4&i5. Henry George Ward, a new MP at the time, on 30 March had written to The Times complaining bitterly about the lack of coverage given his speech of 29 March. When the letter was published on 3 April 1833 it was followed by an editorial comment wondering, for Ward's sake,

334

knows how or why. Ld. Heytes[bur]y told me that the old lady's property turned out only 4OOo£ pr. annm. & that both the Wards, old & young, were always over head & ears in debt. Sir John Swinburne / says that H. G. has only the pittance settled on his daughter to live on. 2 Love to all I D. Business goes on very favorably, & in a day or two I have no doubt of doing all I wish.3 In the meantime, keep quiet. TO: SARA AUSTE.

Duke Street, St James's [late June 1833?]

282X

ORIGINAL: UJBJ stamped V. Radowitz' and 'PR. ST. Bibliothek Berlin' 7981 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: conjectural; by comparison with (VOL i) zSa&ec. Sic: St James.

My dear Mrs Austen, Duke Street I St James I Thursday Some days back I heard an agreeable rumor that you were about to pay a visit to - Bradenham, & I have been daily expecting / a line from home to mention that the rumor was a prophecy; but I have received none. If you have an intention to favor them, I sho[ul]d like to contrive to be there at the same time. / I know that all my friends, & I fear that you, who are my best, consider that I have acted very shabbily, but I assure you this is not the case, & I hope you will believe / Your ever faithful I Disraeli TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Southend [Essex] Monday 3 March 1834

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52621 COVER: Miss Disraeli I Bradenham House I High Wycombe I Bucks POSTMARK: (i) In circle: N I MR-3 I 1834 (2) In rectangle: PAID

My dearest Sa! Southend I Monday I think it rather odd that I shd. learn from a stranger (Moxon) yr arrival at Brad:! - I think of leaving this place tomorrow, 2 but my rout will be a little circuitous. Howr. write to me no more here - & tell Jem or Tita to forward no letters. I may be in London a day or two, as I have altered my plans about my book3 which will be published almost immediately: all about it when we meet. I / hope my father is not discouraged by the subscription] of the Cur[iowhether it was genuine. A letter on 5 April from an unnamed MP assured readers that the letter wa authentic, and referred to 'the ex-Ambassador's memorable, and ... unprecedented speech [attacking the validity of anti-Reform Bill petitions].' Sarah had written to D on 4 April about the letter's authenticity: 'I believe in it, for [Ward] seems to me to have made a fool of himself every time he opened his mouth.' H A/i/B/466. Ward in fact did not leave parliament, but sat continuously until 1849. 2 Emily Elizabeth Ward (d 1882), Henry's wife, was the second daughter of Sir John Edward Swinburne (1762-1860), 6th Baronet, grandfather of the poet. 3Cf(voLi)26i&m. 1 For D'S negotiations with Moxon for publication of The Revolutionary Epick see (VOL i) 310, 313, 3i4&n3 and 3i8&n2. For the end of Sarah's visit to Brighton see 309. 2 By 7 March 1834 D was at Harwich and by n March he was in London. See 313 and 314 3 See 3iim.

335

3IIR

sities] which Moxon tells me is 1000, because I know as a fact, that Murray did not subscribe more than 5000 of the ist. vol of Byron & 20000 of the last. It is the mightf?] & circul[ati]on of these books that makes them sell. Do not enter into any rash agreemt. about the books with M: but wait the April subscription. You shd. change your paper for the Morning Post,4 wch / has doubled its circul[ati]on & is written with great power & the best inform[ati]on. It is full of the Mines, especially the Reals & says they are going on better than ever, & that-it-the fall is a Stock Ex: spec: but you perhaps know more about this than I do.5 The Ep: Dedic.6 to the Duke will be 50 Quarto pages. I only bring out the first book - 1500 lines. I hope to bring you down the proofs. I / write to the Duke by this post. Your own I D

352R

TO: SARAH DISRAEI

[London, Tuesday 4 November? 1834]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52622 PUBLICATION HISTORY: See (VOL i) 352&ph. The LBCS final sentence is not in the MS letter, and is presumably taken from another letter. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see 352ec&n2 and n2 below.

My dearest, Tuesday I cannot find the name of a certain officer in any part or page of the army list.1 I found a letter from Sykes dated Venice.2 Tita's brother is his servant. He says the father is the finest old man he ever saw. Dined on Friday with D'Orsay & Lady B alone. Ladfy] B. with an Italian greyhound not as big as Muff, quite white with a red collar & gold bell. Name Lilly. D'Orsay told a story of a friend who allows no / housemaids in his establishmt. because they bring fleas to his dogs. Dined on Saturday with Lyndhurst en famille. A more amiable & agreeable family I never met. The eldest dau[ghte]r Sa is just like her mother3 & altho' only 13 rules everything & everybody. A most astounding little woman. Yesterday I went to see the new actor Denvil.4 He is deplorable. Tell Ralph he 4 See giina. 5 For investments by the D'Israeli family in the Real del Monte mining company see 283&na and 35i&n3_ On 3 March, MP had reported that Real del Monte shares had risen on i March from £41 to £44 'with a much firmer appearance.' It saw no reason for the earlier drop, and noted that knowledgeable buyers had been quick to purchase the stock at its lower price. 6 For D'S attempt to dedicate The Revolutionary Epick to the Duke of Wellington see giz&ni 1 No letter to D mentioning this subject has been found. 2 The first letter in H from Sykes in Venice is postmarked 18 February 1835: '... I havent seen old Baptista [sic] (Tita), but once, for his two sons are ... gondoliers, & they are always employed ...' H A/iv/H/gi. On 6 November Sarah replied to D: 'Tita liked to hear of his Father & his brother. Both his brothers are two fingers taller than himself, & his father though a fine man is not an old one for he is only 64.' H A/i/B/535. For the imprisonment in 1835 of Tita's brother by the Emperor of Austria see (VOL H) 4i2&n6. 3 See 352ni. 4 See 352na.

336

is decidedly / inferior even to Bennett. 5 He has not the slightest feeling nor one physical or mental qualific[ati]on for the stage. The masque, for such it is, was bawdy [tawdry?] & vulgar. I saw Chandos6 to day & had a long convers[ati]on with him on politics. He has no head, but I flatter myself I opened his mind a little. Love to all. Thine I D TO: [LORD DURHAM?

[London, Thursday 4? December 1834]

ORIGINAL: H H/Ufe of Disraeli [unnumbered]esd] EDITORIAL COMMENT: The following is the text of a typescript among the Monypenny papers in H; it includes the following header: '1835. Copy sent to Lord Rowton from Melbourne of a letter inscribed in pencil, Dec. '35.' Added by hand are the signature, and a deleted note: '(From St James St)'. Dating: for the date and recipient see (VOL i) 356&m. Perhaps D did receive a letter from Durham such as he there describes. However, since in 357 D tells Sarah that he has not yet written to Durham, presumably in response to Durham's letter of 20 November, both 356 and this letter could be dated later in December 1834; see 359X^5 below. Sic: com-bined.

356x

I have just received your letter. To prevent misconception, I beg to inform you that while I was meditating over the feasibility of starting for Aylesbury, an overture was made from the more moderate portion of Mr. Hobhouse's friends to an agent of mine. Hence the rumour1 The representation of Aylesbury is a matter of perfect indifference to me and I shall give myself no trouble about it. But I believe that I am the only person in the County who could have com-bined the two parties, and directed their energies to a common end, viz. the maintenance of the Agricultural Interest.2 B. Disraeli. TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Friday 26 December 1834?]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52623 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context. See nni-5 and (VOL i) 36o&n3. Sic: paemplete.

Dearest Sa, The paemplete is out of print, and we shall have a new Edit: tomorrow.1 If I may believe L[yndhurst] there was nothing else talked of at the Cabinet Dinner 5 See 352&n2. George John Bennett (1800-1879), 'a trustworthy actor of the second rank' (DNB), had made his London debut in 1823 as Richard m and Hotspur at Covent Garden. From 1843-62 he acted at Sadler's Wells. He may have been the 'G. Bennett' who acted the part of Omorasdes in the Covent Garden Manfred, and whose acting MP preferred to Denvil's. Denvil had made his west-end debut as Shylock on Monday 6 October 1834. MP (7, 30 Oct 1834). 6 See 352n3. 1 See 2i5&n3, 353&n4 and 356&ni. The 'rumour' was presumably about the prospect of D joining the Tories. 2 Cf 221 and 222. 1 A second edition of The Crisis Examined would be advertised as 'Now Ready' on 29 December. MP (29 Dec 1834).

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on Wedy:, 2 & the Duke sd. he shd. send for 50 Copies, & the rest responded. Nous verrons. The Ministers are / working hard for me at Lynn, 3 but of this say nought. Everything is going on capitally for the governmt. & I think they are sure to stand.4 I save the post, I with difficulty, I Yrs I D / A courteous letter from Durham. 5

38ix

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London] Monday 9 March 183.5

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52624 COVER: Miss Disraeli I Bradenham House I High Wycombe. POSTMARK: (i) In circle: z I MR-g I 1835 (2) In rectangle: [illegible] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: Greisly.

My deare[s]t. Monday The Squires begin to rat rapidly from Chandos & some of the most furious & pledged repealers have already left him in the lurch.1 Hall Dare,2 Sir Roger Greisly, & Sir Harry Smyth among others: so are there great hopes we shall get out of this scrape, & the best informed, who howr. are generally wrong, talk now of the Governmt. having a majority of 40 or 50. I / take care to burn all the letters you mention. With regard to the Athenaeum,3 Shaftesbury, who is I fear not at all a literary man, has never communicated further with me, but the Lord Cr. has pressed him in the house of Lords more than once, & he informed L[yndhurst] on Thursday that he had taken all the necessary steps & that I was to be proposed this month; in consequence of which / I have dispersed the letters, & made some little exertion. Lady Stepney's house has become such a nuisance that no decent person ever thinks of entering it: all the tenth rate scribblers in town are congregated there who pay the old Aspasia for an introduction into fashionable society by puffing her in some wretched Mag: or other. What with the horde of obscure scribblers & the sprinkling of fashionables / who stare in wondering horror at their atrocities, the society really resembles the contributors to an annual. Mr 2 Lyndhurst had attended a 'grand dinner' given by the Duke of Wellington to the cabinet ministers at Apsley House on 24 December. MP (24, 25 Dec 1834). 3 For attempts to have D adopted as Lord George Bentinck's running mate at Lynn Regis see 357^ 4 This was also the view of two leaders in MP of 26 December 1834 on the daily reports of proConservative feeling in the country: 'a dissolution ensures us a Conservative House.' 5 The only letters from Durham in H from this period are those mentioned in 353114 and 361113, dated 20 November 1834 and i January 1835 respectively, but see 356X&ec&m above. 1 In his championing of the agricultural interest Lord Chandos had made repeal of the malt tax a matter of principle, and would bring a motion for repeal on 10 March 1835. Peel, however, called a party meeting beforehand at which leading agriculturists agreed to uphold the government even at the expense of pledges to constituents, and the motion was defeated 350-192. David Spring 'Lord Chandos and the Farmers' Huntington Library Quarterly xxxm (May 1970) 264-7; Gash Peel no; George Kitson Clark Peel and the Conservative Party (1964) 239-41. 2 Robert Westley Hall Dare (d 1836), of Cranbrook House, Essex; Tory MP for Essex South 1832-36. 3 See (VOL n) 37i&nm,2,4,5, 372&m and 3746^5.

338

Chorley or Boreley,4 Miss Pardoes, L.E.L. X.Y.Z. & now & then a Lord or Lady. L.E.L. wrote up the Heir Presumptive & Oilier finished it.5 Youraffec I B / I met Namick Pacha, the Turk. Ambass: 6 at Lady Bless last night. He is more like an Arab than a Turk, dark & thin & slight; polished & acute & speaks good French; well informed on all subjects of interest. He does not smoke. He says Ibrahim Pacha is a charlatan. TO: [THOMAS AMYOT

3iA Park Street [London] Tuesday [10 March 1835]

38ixA

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52643 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL n) 371114, which identifies the recipient. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: presumably written the day after 38iX.

My dear Sir, 3iA. Park St. Grosr Sqr I Tuesday I have made several unfortunate attempts to see you at the Athenaeum, in order to trouble you for your advice on the subject / you so kindly interest yourself in. Lord Shaftesbury says, that it is his intention to propose me at the next nomination day. l Has he communicated with / you? I sho[ul]d very much like to have a few minutes' conversation with you, if you wd. inform me, per pettyf?] post, when it / wd. be convenient for you to see me at the Athenaeum.2 Believe me, ever, I my dear Sir, I your sincerely I obliged & fl Se[rvan]t B Disraeli.

TO: MORGAN O'CONNEL

3ia Park Street [London] Tuesday 5 May [1835]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52650 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL 11) 397 EDITORIAL COMMENT: The text of this MS, signed 'Benj Disraeli"1, has been published in full as (VOL 11) 397, with only minor variations in punctuation, and with the abbreviations expanded. This entry therefore merely points out the location of the newly discovered MS copy of this letter.

4 Henry Fothergill Chorley (1808-1872), author and critic, who had reviewed D'S Revolutionary Epick for The Athenaeum in 1834. See (VOL i) 33^5. 5 The Heir Presumptive (1835) was Lady Stepney's second novel. It seems to have been common knowledge that LEL had to re-write Lady Stepney's contributions to fashionable annuals because of bad spelling and grammar, and she reportedly received £100 for her work on The Heir Presumptive. DNB; A.G. EEstrange ed The Friendships of Mary Russell Mitford (1882) n 281. For Charles Ollier's work on Lady Stepney's first novel, The New Road to Ruin, see (VOL i) 232&n7_ 6 See (VOL n) 386^4. 1 See 38iX, for Shaftesbury's promise. 2 Isaac was still doing what he could at this time to help with D'S election to the Athenaeum. For example, he had sent D a list of 'the Committee' and their voting plans - 'there remains but one place for a literary Man. They use also this privilege so scarcely that last year they only fixed on five members instead of nine.' On 13 March [1835], he would report 'a very kind1 letter from Edward Hawke Locker 'in reply to one of the circulars. "A Member of the Committee can not pledge himself for any honorary Candidate but on a comparison of claims, your Son will have full justice done to its [sic] merits."' H A/i/c/52, 0/1/643.

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397R

4igR

TO: SARAH DISRAELIi

House of Lords, Monday 17 August 1835

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52625 COVER: Miss Disraeli, I Bradenham House, I High Wycombe. POSTMARK: (i) In circle: Q I AU 17 I 1835 (2) In oval: 7.NIGHT.7 I AU 17 I 1835 (3) In circle: KENSINGTON I [illegible] I 17 AU EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: accomodated; Northhampton; trajedy.

Dearest, House of Lords. Monday. I take the opportunity of scribbling you a few lines being alone here for a few minutes. To night will be a greater & more important fight, of course victory, than all.1 After this tremendous struggle is over, whatever may be the result, & I am still of opinion that that result will be the one I intimated, Lord L[yndhurst] wd. like very much to pass a quiet week at Bradenham. It was his own proposition to me on Saturday & I therefore give it you. It is unnecessary for me to enlarge upon the importance of cultivating his intimacy, & he is so amiable & agreeable that such considerations need not intervene. He has no family, or family connections, & is willing to find something like domestic enjoyment & peace under our roof. I mentioned this last night to Lady / Sykes, but she objects on account of the trouble & great expense to us. If, she says, our servants were on board wages, she co[ul]d not care, as then affairs wo[ul]d settle themselves, but that not being the case, she does not like coming to stay for any time. She cannot of course do witht. her maid, & Ld L. must have a servant, tho' she does not require a man servant. If she comes, she wo[ul]d like to bring a poney phaeton & coachman & perhaps if they co[ul]d be accomodated at the Red Lion. I think they co[ul]d: if not, Jem, she says, must give her a stable & farm her poneys, & the Coachman sleep at the Inn. Write what you think about these arrangements, as nothing will move her on this point.2 The state of affairs is marvellous. Melbourne seems completely deserted by his own party. There he sits attended only by the ministers, a few officers of the household, & a few Lords he himself or, Lord Grey, made. There are only 8 or 9 / independent peers, including Lord Teynham.3 It is this mortifying circumstance which makes him submit, tho' he cannot conceal his mortification. Had the Whigs rallied round him, he wo[ul]d have bullied, & given up the bill. The defection of the Duke of Portland,4 the Marquess of Northhampton5 & Lord Segrave6 also is 1 See (VOL 11) 410m. 2 Lyndhurst, a widower since January 1834, in fact at this time still had his mother (d n January 1836), at least one sister (see 4io&m and (VOL in) 7416^5) and three daughters living. For the first visit by Lyndhurst and Lady Sykes to Bradenham, in July, which had caused a scandal in the county, see 4io&m and especially 4iinn2,3. For Sarah's response to this letter by D proposing a second such visit see 43i&ec&m; her letter was actually written on 18 August, although misdated 'Monday', as her next letter makes clear. H fJil^l^oz-^. Lady Sykes's hesitation is presumably over imposing extra expense on her hosts, who would seem to have followed the customary practice of providing meals for their servants. In some households, however, servants received (in addition to their regular wages) board wages, for purchase of their own food and drink. Cfiyj6m. Under thesekdsuid circumstances, servants of visitors would also fend for themselves. Adeline Hartcup Below Stairs in the Great Country Houses (1985) 144, 166. 3 Henry Francis Roper Curzon (1768-1842), i4th Baron Teynham, of Linstead Lodge, Teynham, Kent. 4 See 4ign2. 5 See 4ign36 See 4ign4.

340

most galling.7 The meetings throug[h]out the country also have been total failures. None have come forward, except the old hacks, the regular parish spouters of sedition on all occasions. The opposition to this bill is one of the greatest cards the Tories ever played, & has quite revived the House of Lords. Yet Peel threw this card away, & so completely trammelled his party by his admissions,8 that but for the boldness of one man, nothing wo[ul]d have been done. It has cost me many sleepless nights, & days of unremitting labor. I sent you two morning Chronicles on Friday & Saturday, I think. I hope you received them. I thought the debate was better & more spiritedly reported there. What the Whigs will / do, I pretend not to divine. Go out they must, but how or when is doubtful. We think however before a fortnight passes. The domestic trajedy of the Sidebottoms is appalling. 9 Barnes is again writing; 10 after a months illness. I will try to send you "The Age", in which is a capital song called "A-Whig & something more"." God bless you all. D I think Lady Sykes told me she wrote to you on Saturday; & she has more silks. We had a quiet dinner yesterday in Geo. St.12 otherwise I have been too much busied to talk anything but politics to her. The letter was in the Athen: last Saturday. 13 TO: SARAH DISRAELI

[Long's Hotel, London] Monday 14 December 1835

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52626 COVER: Miss Disraeli, I Bradenham House, I High Wycombe. POSTMARK: (i) In Maltese cross: vs I LJ.DEI4 I 1835 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Sic: The Sykes.

Dearest, My. I write as you wish,1 but I have little to say: I am still confined to my room, but only from the lassitude & general indispos[iti]on which follows the complaint, which has quite left me. Pray don't come up, nor let anyone, as I shall in a day or two be very busy. The Sykes are in town but Lady S. is herself 7 See 419115. 8 See 419116. 9 See 419117. 10 See 4i8&n6. 11 On 16 August 1835, The Age had published a satirical poem, 'A Whig and Something More! Lyndhurst on Corporation Commissioners,' on Whig defectors, including Russell, Spring Rice and Morpeth: Even Palmerston himself, a Lord whom ladies-maids adore, Having been all else, has smoothly turn'd A WHIG AND SOMETHING MORE! The phrase seems originally to have been used to describe ultra-Radicals. BH (27 Oct 1849). 12 With Lyndhurst, that is. 13 In her letter of 2 August, Sarah had reported that Isaac had written 'a long letter' to The Athenaeum (in answer to an article of 25 July) on the virtues of single authorship of a history of English literature and mentioning his own current project. H A/i/BAj6o; The Athenaeum (15 Aug i835)1 On 13 December, Sarah had written expressing the family's anxiety about D'S illness (see (VOL n) 449): 'You must write us a line by return of post.' H A/i/B/tfi"].

341

449X

so / ill2 from the Inf. that for the last two days they have apprehended a quinsy, & she has been obliged to inhale &c &c - but to day a little better. Ld. L[yndhurst] & Ct D'O[rsay] pay me visits every day, & I am very well here, as far as comfort is concerned, having good rooms & being in the centre of my friends. As for the Vind[icati]on I flatter / myself by this time you must have it, as I understood for certain it was to be sent on Saturday, but I have not seen any one from the house since. It is not yet published, but will be subscribed I believe tomorrow. There is no news. All I hope are well. My love. D I take it for granted you reed. yr. B of B. V Take great care ofL's two vols of Ed Rev. *

453R

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

.[London] Saturday 19 December 1835]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52627 COVER: Miss Disraeli I Bradenham I High Wycombe POSTMARK: (i) In Maltese cross: vs I igoEig I 1835 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL n) 453&ph and 454 (misdated) EDITORIAL COMMENT: This letter now replaces 453 and 454; see n7- Sic: Boerhave; Glocestershire.

My dearest, Saty l I assure you I always read every letter of yr letters; and often regret that I do not receive more of them. But the letter in question never reached [me] until within these two days, having arrived in Grosr St. the morning of the return of the family,2 & having been laid aside in the consequent confusion. I have howr. regained it, was very much amused with Boerhave,3 & shall be pleased by yr sending a cop. to Mrs. M[eredith].4 Can you send one of yr own, & I will take an oppor[tunit]y of forwarding you an[othe]r. There is a very good notice of / the book in the Chronicle today & tho' of course hostile, calculated to advance it.5 I hear yesterday there was a notice in the Courier. 6 But the Times is silent; 2 See 452ec. 3 See 442&m. Sarah replied caustically on 16 December: 'I not only take [The Book of Beauty] for granted but I am quite sure that you never get my letters or else never read them. I wrote to you last Wednesday ... in which I acknowledged the receipt of the book.' H A/i/B/568,566. 4 Perhaps left at Bradenham after Lyndhurst's September visit. Sarah replied: 'Tomorrow Mamma is going to send some Pork to George Street ... & in the Basket I will put the two Reviews directed to Miss Copley.' H A/i/sAjGS. 1 See 44gX&n3 above. 2 The Sykeses lived at 34 Upper Grosvenor St. 3 Hermann Boerhaave (1668-1738), Dutch physician and botanist, professor of medicine and botany at Leyden University 1709, professor of chemistry 1718, author of Institutiones Medicae (1708), Aphorismi de Cognoscendis et Curandis Morbis (1709). In Sarah's letter of 9 December, she had described a visit from Frederick W. Hope (see (VOL i) I5on2), 'a very great man indeed ... but ... the most profoundly ignorant person I ever knew, & would have it that his Physician at Shrewsbury had studied under Boerhaave.' H A/i/B/566. 4 Sarah had suggested that she send a copy of D'S Vindication to Mrs Meredith. H A/i/B/566,568. 5 See 453ni. 6 See 453n2.

342

why I know not. Perhaps the book is too Tory for them. I cannot give you any news of its progress. I always avoid my publishers at these moments, & the praises of friends are nothing. I have had letters from D'Orsay, Strangford, Chandos, all full of eulogium, but as to the result I can say nothing. The book is now fairly published, & but fairly published. According to Strangford who has just been in & sat an hour, the book is / making a very great noise indeed, & he says it is quite impossible but that it must work its way to the highest point. He tells me what he thinks, because he criticises freely. His opinion of it is as high as your own. He says there has been nothing since Burke like it. I have no news. The Northamptonshire el[ecti]on is a wonderful triumph. 7 The Whigs have already given up Glocestershire. 8 So much for your friend Mr. Kingscote.9 I am quite well again. Tell my father; there will be no war10 in my opinion, tho' it is probable rumors will abound; but I feel ASSURED there will be none. I think I have the best means of formg. an opinion on this subject. Yours I D T.O. / I have just seen Saunders." He subscribed 50 cops. Had it been a pamphlet none wd. have been subscribed. He sold a very few on Thursday & Friday. Today he has sold 45. in his shop. He seems in spirits & says he shall now advertise very much. / I have sent one to Ryde[.] 12 TO: JOSEPH HUM

[London] Monday [n January 1836?]

ORIGINAL: QUA 419 COVER: Joseph Hume M.P. I 6 Bryanstone Square I B DISRAELI [in Hume's hand?:} B Disraellis [sic] address &c P[?] Marylebone 9 [in another hand:] Marylebone EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see nl.

Dear Sir, I enclose you a corrected proof of my intended address.1 I have the honor to be, Sir, I your faithful Sert, B. Disraeli.

Monday 6 o'ck

7 See 454&ec∋ 454 was dated on the assumption that D had learned the election result from the published reports. 8 In the general election of January 1835 the successful candidate in Gloucestershire West had been Lord Worcester (Tory). After his succession as 7th Duke of Beaufort on 23 November 1835 a byelection was scheduled for 2 January 1836, at which Robert B. Hale, a Tory, would be unopposed. 9 Thomas Henry Kingscote (1799-1861) of Kingscote, Gloucestershire, JP, high sheriff 1841, whose first wife, Lady Isabella Ann (d 1831), had been a sister of the Duke of Beaufort. MP on 15 December had quoted a Globe report that Henry Kingscote had begun a canvass in the Liberal interest and added: 'Who is he?'. It is possible that Sarah had met him in her neighbourhood at the house of Lord Carrington, his relation by marriage. 10 See 457n6. 11 Probably Simon Saunders (1782-1861), partner with Edward John Otley in Saunders and Otley. Boase. Possibly, however, William Saunders, cited as senior partner in Dickens Letters in i37m, or his son Frederick (1807-1902) who worked for the firm before setting up a branch in New York in 1837. Dictionary of American Biography. 12 H.T. Ryde was editor of the Tory BH. 1 Hume's endorsement would at first seem to suggest that this note might be the highly controversial

343

465*

53°R

TO: [ISAAC D'ISRAELI

[London] Saturday [15 October 1836]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52647 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL 11) jgoph EDITORIAL COMMENT: The blotted form of the salutation indicates that D was at first undecided whether to address his father or his sister, but the contents and the added instruction for Sarah make it clear that the letter is to Isaac. Dating: by context. See 53oni. Sic: Ayscouch.

Sa must decypher My dr fa[ther], Saturday 1 2 Henrietta] T[emple] is so urgent, that the Qr. Sess. I must forego: & indeed everything until she makes her appearance; but I will come down on Friday if necessary for Nash.3 News has arrived this morning & appears in a second Edit: of the Times, from which it appears that it is at length all over with the Liberals. Gomez so often defeated has / entered Cordova, has been joined by an immense force of the old Royalist Volunteers of the time of Ferdinand, & at the head of an irresistible army is now marching straight to Madrid, witht. any idea of opposition.4 I write from hearsay as I have not seen the letter paper. Sir Robert Peel walked into the Carlton this morning, but L[yndhurs]t may be away ano[the]r week.5 Yesterday a very agreeable house dinner at the Cn. - Frankland Lewis,6 Knight of Kerry,7 Ld. Exmouth, Quintin Dick, / Sir Thos Neave,8 Sterling, Sir F. Pollock & myself; where among other things I learned that "God of my idolatry" is in the passionate garden scene in Romeo & Juliet.9 So much for Ayscouch10 & historians of English Lit.! Dick & myself went aft[erwar]ds to Lady B[lessington] who told me she had just written to you. Dick asked me to dine with him to day, but I was previously engaged to D'Orsay. In haste I D. canvassing letter that D in 1836 claimed to have written at Hume's house in 1833 during D'S brie canvass at Marylebone (see (VOL n) 465). However, Hume's full address on the cover and the discrepancy with D'S description in 465 of the letter suggest otherwise. Perhaps there were reasons Hum needed to be shown a copy of D'S violent letter to Hume dated 'Monday Evening' (465) that was to appear in The Times on 12 January 1836, and this note accompanied it. 1 See 528&m. 2 The Bucks Quarter Sessions were scheduled for 18 October. BH (8 Oct 1836). 3 Presumably in connection with his debts; cf 42g&n2, 596, 600, 6o3n2 and 621. 4 See sgoni. 5 See 529&n5- Peel had returned to London on 14 October. MP (18 Oct 1836). 6 Thomas Frankland Lewis (1780-1855), after 1846 ist Baronet; Liberal MP for Beaumaris 1812-26, Ennis 1826-28, Radnorshire 1828-35, Radnor borough 1847-55; secretary of the treasury 1827, vice~ president of the board of trade 1828, treasurer of the navy 1830, chairman of the poor law commission 1834-39. 7 See (VOL i) 232^5. 8 Sir Thomas Neave (1761-1848), 2nd Baronet; FRS, FAS, high sheriff of Essex 1820. 9 See 53on2. 10 See 53on3_

344

m SARAH DISRAELI

Carlton Club, Monday [12 December 1836]

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [175] PUBLICATION HISTORY: Portions of the 4th and 5th paragraphs were printed as part of (VOL 11) 540: see 54Oph&ec, where it is speculated that a portion of 540 must be from an earlier date. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S speech. See nm&2. Sic: in the coffee; Harding.

My dearest, Carlton Cb. Monday It was very lucky that I came to London, for it was the nick of time. I wrote to you in such a hurry that I co[ul]d convey to you a feeble impression only.1 About 6 o'ck: the great Chin (Sir Alexander] G[rant]) drew me aside in a mysterious manner, & informed me there was a very exclusive house dinner on the morrow, & that one place was still vacant which he begged me to accept as my speech was universally admired, "there was only one opinion about it & he was happy to say that both at Whites & Boodles, it was spoken of in the same manner." About 7 o'ck: Chandos arrived, very excited, to receive the congratulations of the party. The room was very full, & I must / say this for Chandos that he did me justice for he stood against the fire [&] sd. "Altho Dis[rael]i is here & I flatter no man, I say this that I have been in the House of Commons 20 years & never heard a speech like it, & I'll be damned if I think there ever was a speech like it." No one spoke of Praed. I dined aft[erwar]ds with Chandos in the coffee very late. We were alone; he was very friendly and confidential. You remember I told you of the extraord[inar]y cheer about the Chilterns passage. He told me that he rose up & led that; the idea of "the rural cavalry" so excited him.2 Yesterday Ld. Forester & Cecil, Strangford, Abinger, Sir A. G. [,] Pemberton & Sterling & myself formed a most agreeable / house dinner. Sterling talked much of my speech, & Harding & indeed every body. I have seen Colburn who seems in more than high spirits ab[ou]t Henrietta] T[emple]. He says he shall not be content unless he works it up like Pelham,3 notwithstandg. the charge of the Times. There were many reviews yesterday;4 you have of course seen the Athenaeum; they were all in that vein, but on the whole highly calculated to make people read, if that were wanted, but it is not. The Spectator said of the Bucks meeting, that the speaking on the whole was as stupid as usual, except Mr Disraeli who after a little of his usual / rhodomontade about the Peers being the founders of liberty, grew abusive & amusing; & then quoted the Shakespearian passage.5 1 This letter has not yet been found. Presumably D had gone up to London on Saturday 10 December, the day on which the London papers carried very full reports of the Bucks Conservative meeting at which D had been one of the speakers: see rgS&ns, 538, fgg&ni, 54O&n6 and 54i&n2. 2 The passage as reported in BH (17 Dec 1836) was: "Still flows in your veins the same blood that in old days sent forth the patriot cohorts of our rural cavalry from the beech-clad Chilterns to uphold the freedom and vindicate the faith of England, (loud and continued cheering.)' 3 See 54on7. 4 See 54on8. 5 See 54ong.

345

538x

There are all sorts of rumors as to political affairs, but nothing certain: a dissolution is much talked of. Write. I Yours affly I D 582X

TO: FREDERICK HERVEY FOSTER QUI

[London] Tuesday [28 February 1837?]

ORIGINAL: uo [4] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: conjectural: see (VOL 11) 58o&ng, 581 and 582. D is presumably arranging a follow-up consultation.

My dear Quin, I must see you today, as I am going out of town. I propose to call on you at three o'ck: Yrs I D.

675R

75R TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Tuesday

[London, Saturday 18? November 1837]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52628 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL 11) 675ph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the Throne Speech on 20 November 1837 and by D'S visit to Hamlet; see 6746015. The mistranscription of 'they say' as 'this evg' in the Maggs extract led to the misdating of 675.

Dearest Ld. Canterbury arrived last night & Lyndhurst is expected hourly.1 The speech they say is certainly to be conservative. I hope to send the / observer2 to day. The courier has written much about me of late, but I have not been able to get copies of the paper. I hope to / day, I may get one of them. The Chronicle sneered at me the other day in a leader, but the Courier treats me with more courtesy.3 / All the papers ascribe to me a design to throw out Abercromby.4 B. Hawes5came up to me in the house & reminded of or rather asked whe[the]r I remembered his taking me from school with the Gurneys6 "3 or 4 & 20 years ago" & giving us a dinner. He said I was not at / all altered. I told him then that I had not changed by his acc[oun]t since I was 7 or 8 years old.7 In haste D. Hawes said "we are all expecting to hear you lash us"[.] They may wait[.] TO./ I called at Hamlets.8 They are to make a little drawing & estimate & send me. We consulted much. 1 MP on 20 November 1837 lists Lord Canterbury among the Duke of Wellington's guests at a dinner on 18 November. Lord Lyndhurst reached London from Paris on 18 November; see 676. 2 See 67i&n6. 3 See 675™. 4 See 668&n4. 5 See 67^2. 6 See 67^3. 7 See 67^4. 8 See 674&n5 and 677.

346

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Friday i December 1837]

68ix

ORIGINAL: H H/Life of Disraeli [unnumbered] EDITORIAL COMMENT: A MS copy among the Monypenny papers in H for 1837, dated '[Dec i(?)]'. Notes on Milnes and on Lady Cork as Lady Bellair have been added by the copyist. Dating: by context; see nm&2.

Dearest Last night there was a regular wild Irish debate in the House of wh. the papers can convey not the slightest impression: members on both sides proving exactly the reverse of what they propounded, accusing, retracting, making the most monstrous assertions in the most solemn manner and accusing each other of assault, battery, and meditated assassination with the greatest recklessness. It was confined entirely to those interested and ended of course in smoke.1 I walked home with Bulwer[.] The day before yesterday Labouchere stopped me in the street and shook hands and congratulated me in a very friendly manner. I saw Charles Grey yesterday by the bye too, as I was walking down to the House. Times are changed- 2 Mr. Monckton Milnes asked to be introduced to me at the House through Lascelles. He told me that his relative Lady Bellair was at last really dying.3 Love, I D. TO: SARAH DISRAEi

[London] Wednesday [24 January 1838]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52629 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL in) 7isph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context; see 715^1-5.

Dearest, Wedy There was no harm in Sir Wfilliam Young]1 lounging at Wycombe, as the present debate,2 which has been a very stupid one, is a mere fight between the Whigs & the Papineau clique. 3 Our battle is on Thursday4 / & I suspect all our men will be at their places. 1 In the Commons on 30 November 1837 Col Perceval had moved for a copy of the proceedings of the courtmartial in 1816 of Lt Richard Blake, since 1836 a stipendiary magistrate in Ireland. Before the motion was withdrawn there had been a debate which MP in a leader on i December described in a manner similar to D'S: 'It was, and it was not, Irish. There was the true Irish wandering from the subject on the part of the speakers, and there was the equally Irish strength of asseveration on the one side, and of negation on the other, in a way to place under notice the veracity of individual gentlemen. But there did not appear any of the old Irish disposition to bring the matter to any other than an oral arbitrement.' 2 Grey, who had defeated D in previous elections (at Wycombe in 1832 and 1835), had not run in the 1837 election. 3 Lady Cork (the original of Lady Bellair in Henrietta Temple) was again to survive. See (VOL H) 573&n3, 574 and (VOL in) io64&nz. 1 See yijjni. 2 See fjiyi2. 3 See 71^3. 4 See 71^4.

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Yesterday there were not more than 100 members in the house until n o'ck: when the benches got tolerably / full & Gladstone spoke very well, tho' with the unavoidable want of interest which accompanies elaborate speeches which you know are to lead to no result, / i.e. no division. His speech howr. called up a minister & then Peel &c. I went away before the Papineau division.5 There is no particular news. I shall write again by this post[.]6 Love I D

755X

TO: SARAH DISRAELI

[London, Thursday 29? March 1838]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52630 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by comparison with (VOL in) 750-755. Sic: Chandos'.

Dearest, I saw Mrs. Wyndham today; she appears to be much better, & indeed herself. She was very much pleased with your note,1 which however I did not see, & therefore I do not know whether it contained the offer you mentioned. I think it / a good suggestion. Last Friday I was at O'Loghlins; a dull, decorous affair, like dining with the Shepherds; stupid Ld. de Saumarez,2 Sir Robt. & Lady Alexander,3 very solemn & Gleed of Chalfont4 rhetorical & one or two other bores. / Chandos' grand dinner was a complete failure. The Salisburys gave a rival banquet the same day, & had engaged the Duke, the Peels, the Jerseys, even Sir Ed. Sugden. The only woman left to Chandos of all his proposed guests was Lady / Mahon, who was taken unwell, being in a delicate situation & cd. not come.5 So the only lady-was-there was Lady vulgar Lady Dalrymple, Sir Adolphus6 being pressed into the service, & the seats were filled with the hangers on of the / Carlton, Bonhamf,] Holmes & Co. I sat next to the Chin, 7 who said "Two duchies & two English Duchies, an equal alliance, the greatest political power of any individual since the / Reform bill, the best plate in town & a very good cook - & no society! Can you explain this? Begun I suppose in awkwardness & continued in pride." 5 See 715115. 6 This letter has not been found. 1 This note has not been found. Presumably Sarah had followed D'S advice; see 746 2 The Rev James Saumarez (1789-1863), and Baron de Saumarez, of Guernsey, later rector of Huggate, Yorkshire. 3 Sir Robert Alexander (1769-1859), and Baronet, of Dublin, in 1796 had married Eliza Wallis (d 1844), daughter and heir of John Wallis, barrister, of Dublin. 4 The Rev George Gleed (^1779-1863), BA (Oxford) 1801, MA 1806, BD 1810, since 1831 vicar of Chalfont St Peter, Bucks. Foster. See 1555™ and APP vm. 5 Her first child, Arthur Philip Stanhope, would be born on 13 September. 6 Sir Adolphus John Dalrymple (1784-1866), and Baronet, in i8ia had married Anne Graham (d 1858), elder daughter of Sir James Graham, ist Baronet, of Kirkstall. Sir Adolphus was Conservative MP for Weymouth 1817, Appleby 1819 and 1820, Haddington 1836-31, Brighton 1837-41; major-general 1841, general 1860. 7 Sir Alexander Cray Grant.

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After this I went to the Salisburys where I found all the / society, whose absence excited the Chin's wonde'r. It was an assembly after a dinner given to the Cambridges; & I was presented at his desire to his R.H. who was very complimentary & noisy. Lady F. Somerset presented / me. On Sunday I was at Maidstone & dined at Turkey Mill. 8 We had a sharp contest; Coppock was down & money flowed, but we beat them well.9 I hope you are all well[.] Love I D To:SARAH DOSRAELI

[London, Monday 19 November 1838]

ORIGINAL: H A/i/B/38o,40i PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 114, dated 20 November 1838, extracts combined with an extract from 837 and an altered extract perhaps from 844 EDITORIAL COMMENT: H A/i/B/38o (the first fragment) has been endorsed in another hand: ^1846?'. H A/i/B/401, which is obviously the completion of the former fragment, has already been published as (VOL in) 840. Dating: see 84oec. Sic: McAuley.

[H A/i/B/38o:]D[eares]t Sa, The party at Sterlings was very amusing, as it turned out to be given to Sir Ffrancis] & Lady Palgrave1 with whom Mr & Mrs. S.2 have just become acquainted. I was there rather early, & co[ul]d scarcely refrain / from smiling when the door opened & Sir F & Lady P. & a Miss Turner3 were announced & appeared. Lady P. to my eye little altered, tho' she has several sons at Charter House & one 14 years old,4 the Miss Turner more / hideous than any I recollect, & Palgrave himself appearing in the shape of a very little thin, short & shrivelled man, with no front teeth & with very grey hair. The rest of the party / consisted of recruits from the Carlton, & evidently asked in order to make a great impression on their new friends. Loftus did the Lord & was most noisy & full of fun. For the rest, / there was yr humble servant, Bonham, Sir A. Grant & Col. Baillie. I think the Palgraves must have had 8 In the 1837 Maidstone poll-book, Turkey Mill, in Stone Street Ward, is listed as the address of J. Hollingworth, senior, paper maker. 9 See 75O&n5, 7j>i&ni, 752&m, 76z&ni, 774&m, 775&m, 776&nm-3 and 8io&na. In his speech at the victory celebration D had claimed that the election proved 'that neither Treasury gold nor local tyranny could deter [Maidstone's] independent inhabitants from the free exercise of their franchise.' MP (28 Mar 1838). 1 Sir Francis Palgrave in 1823, as Francis Cohen, had married Elizabeth Turner (d 1872), daughter of Dawson Turner, and assumed the maiden name of his mother-in-law. Sir Francis at this time was deputykeeper of the public records. 2 Edward Sterling had married Hester Coningham, only daughter of John Coningham, a Londonderry merchant. 3 The Dawson Turners had five daughters, at least three of whom were married by this time. No information has been found on the eldest unmarried daughter. 4 The Palgraves's two eldest sons were at Charterhouse at this time: Francis Turner Palgrave (1824-1897), later a poet, critic and professor of poetry at Oxford 1885-95; and William Gifford Palgrave (1826-1888), the eastern traveller and diplomatist.

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their minds opened. Palgrave himself sd. nothing exc[ep]t some old sorry babble about Cathedrals, just / the same niaiseries I recollect 20 years ago. Even here I floored him & when he bored us about Lincoln & Cologne, I quoted Burgos5 & settled the matter. In the last Athfenaeum] / see a letter from the Duke to Sir G. Nt. evidently alluding to Clayton's affair. 6 There will be no real news until after Wedy. when the 1st. Cab[ine]t is held.7 Rumors to day very strong of a / Russian war. 8 I am sorry you shd. vex yrselves about the lawyers, when we know the worst which is very endurable, & yet very improbable of occurrence. I am only anxious to bring the [H A/i/B/4Oi:] affair to an immediate conclusion.9 My mother's stuff has arrived some time from Wales, & if I do not come down on Friday, I will pack it for Stratton to call for it. Cutlar F[ergu]sson / being dead,10 the report is that Mcauley is to have the Judge Advocateship. " Love to all I D A Miss Turner is married since we knew them to a Mr. Jacobson\12

53X

TO: BENJAMIN EPHRAIM LINDO Bradenham [Wednesday] 12 December 183 ORIGINAL: FITZ [107]

My dearest Ben, Bradenham I Deer. 12/38 I know full well that expressions of sympathy, however profound & sincere, have 5 That is, the cathedral at Burgos in Spain, burial place of El Cid. D is here in one of his favourite roles, that of the expert on Spain. 6 The Athenaeum of Saturday 17 November 1838 (No 577, 317-19) had published a lengthy review of Wellington's Dispatches ... (12 volumes, Murray) compiled by Lt-Col Gurwood. The review includes several Wellington letters, including one to Field-Marshal Sir George Nugent (1757-1849), ist Baronet, dated Paris 14 November 1815, discussing the case of a person (whose name has been delete. from the text) who had left the field at Waterloo as wounded but whom the surgeon had then not been able to list as wounded. Sir William Robert Clayton (1786-1866), 5th Baronet, MP (Reform) for Marlow 1831-42, was a veteran of Waterloo; his son Richard Rice Clayton was Sir George's son-in-law and, in 1838, High Sheriff of Bucks. The letter in the Wellington Papers at the University of Southampton (1/484) confirms that the subject is 'Captain Clayton of the Blues'. Wellington's letter indicates that he thought there might have been extenuating circumstances and Hart's Army List (1847) shows that on 21 December 1815 Clayton was promoted to Major. 7 See 8s8&n4. 8 See 786ni3- The Times on Saturday 17 November 1838 had published a letter from its correspondent in Constantinople reporting Russian intimidation of Turkey, apparently because of the recent commercial treaty between Turkey and Great Britain. In a leader on Monday 19 November The Times urged Palmerston to support Turkey and Austria against Russia even at the risk of war: 'We say to Lord Palmerston - strike now, or never.' On the danger at the time of war with Russia see Bell Palmerston i 279-90 and Sir Charles Webster The Foreign Policy of Palmerston 1820-1841 (1969) n 596-6l59 See 776, 778&m, 78o&m and 843&m for the libel conviction against D for which judgment was to be pronounced on Thursday 22 November 1838. It seems D thought a short prison sentence to be the wors possibility. 10 See 84om. 11 See 84on2. 12 See 84on3-

35°

little efficacy at moments like the present. Time alone can bring consolation for a loss, for which no warning can prepare us.1 These terrible incidents call up trains of associations & long memories, which might well leave the lightesthearted of us melancholy. I could / not, under any circumstances, be insensible to the loss of one in some degree connected with the whole history of my life, but when I recollect that the affectionate relative of my infancy & youth has ever been the prompt & zealous friend of my manhood, I perhaps may experience some feelings which I attempt not to express, & in which not all of our family can participate[.] I write you this from a sick-room where I have been confined ever / since my return to Bradenham, otherwise I sho[ul]d be on my way to Brighton. My father is laid up with the gout, but our family will, I hope, not be unrepresented on Saturday. Adieu, dear Ben! May we be more cheerful when we meet! And with the most sincere wishes for the happiness of your sisters & yourself, believe me Your affectionate friend I B Disraeli TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Tuesday 19 March 1839]

ORIGINAL: uo [6] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context. See nm-g.

My dearest, After seven weeks of thought & research, & a week of the most strict & vigilant attendance in my place, & after having had recourse to every expedient / to obtain the Speakers call, the debate closed last night witht. a word from me.1 My mortification is increased by the circumstance of the / house on both sides being very favorable to hearing me, & my having a novel & untouched branch of the question to treat of. I have no doubt / I sho[ul]d have established my parliamentary reputation, & at present I am at a loss to foresee any other great question of which I shd have so thoro' a knowledge. Tonight is / Mexico2 on which I might have said something with effect had I had time to get it up & brush up my old researches:3 but / this damned Corn has monopolised my time & meditation. Graham did all that was possible; & many of the Radicals, Harvey, Wakley &c &c. also - but in vain. Love to all I D 1 Benjamin Lindo's father, Ephraim, had died at Brighton on 9 December 1838 (contra (VOL i) nn5). GM (Jan-June 1839) 109. 1 See (VOL in) 8g3&na and QO5&ni. 2 On 19 March 1839 the House debated the question of the French blockade of Mexican ports, the issue being the protection of British commercial interests. Hansard XLVI cols 891-940. 3 D is possibly referring to the work he did for his contribution to The Present State of Mexico (1825). Stewart Writings 41 (no 12).

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go6x

936x

TO: SARAH DISRAEI

[London] Monday [17 June 1839]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52631 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the debate on National Education on 14 June 1839; see ni.Sic: Farnsham; Berkley; Dorsay.

My Dearest Sa Monday I missed my post on Saty. & must now give you only a rapid sketch of the interval since my last. Friday's debate1 opened with a sharp & vigorous speech from Stanley who / spoke for an hour & 1/2 answered by Morpeth, brief for the occasion & not very felicitous. I rose then with Ld Ashley, to whom the Speaker gave the parole & very properly, as he has taken / a lead in the question. His L[ordshi]p in gratitude gave us two hours of conventicle rhetoric, very flat & feeble. The house exhausted never rallied from / this infliction, adjourned debate to Wedy. when the Harringtons asked me to dine with them & I have refused the invit[ati]on in anticip[ati]on of the chance of speaking[.] / Mathews2 dinner on Saty. very good. Sir John & Lady Hamilton, 3 Lord Farnsham & his sister,4 Lefroy, 5 Sir John & Lady Jane Walsh,6 Sir Wm & Lady Chatterton, 7 Craven / Berkley & Blackstone. Sate next to Lady Chatt: a celebrated blue, & didn't know me - Inquired in the salon, when the ladies had retired; humorous denouement / in consequence when I rejoined them - exceedingly amused. Yesterday I dined at Twisses; 8 dull old placemen & Macready & his wife[.] 9 Mrs. Wyndham dined there & Hope. 1 On Friday 14 June 1839 Stanley had opened the debate on National Education, followed by Morpeth and Ashley. The debate had been adjourned until Wednesday 19 June when it would be again adjourned, to 20 June; D was to make his 'brilliant and effective speech' on that day. See (VOL HI) Q38&ni, 939&m, 94O&m and 941. Hansard XLVIII col 529. 2 Although Charles James Mathews had by this time returned from his American tour (see 126^14), this is probably D'S party colleague George B.B. Mathew (see I445&nn2,7). 3 Sir James John Hamilton (1802-1876), and Baronet, in 1834 had married Marianna Augusta Cockburn, only child of Major-General Sir James Cockburn, 5th(?) Baronet, and granddaughter of yth Viscount Hereford. 4 Henry Maxwell (1799-1868), 7th Baron Farnham, scholar and genealogist; Conservative MP for Cavan 1824-38. His sister Harriet Margaret Ward (1805-1880), Viscountess Dowager Bangor, had been the widow since 1837 of 3rd Viscount Bangor; she would in 1841 marry Capt Andrew Nugent. 5 Probably Thomas Lefroy (1776-1869), LLD, QC, Conservative MP for Dublin University 1830-41, Lord Chief Justice (Ireland) 1852-66; possibly his eldest son, Anthony Lefroy (1800-1890), Conservative MP for Longford 1830-3, 1833-7, 1842-7, Dublin University 1858-70. 6 Sir John Benn Walsh (1798-1881), and Baronet, after 1868 ist Baron Ormathwaite; LiberalConservative MP for Sudbury 1830-4, 1839-40, for Radnorshire 1840-68. In 1825 ne had married Lady Jane Grey (1804-1877), youngest daughter of 6th Earl of Stamford. 7 Sir William Abraham Chatterton, ist Baronet, in 1824 ^ac^ married Henrietta Georgiana Marcia Iremonger (1806-1876), daughter of the Rev Lascelles Iremonger and niece of ist (and last) Baron Gambier. She was a prolific writer of novels, poems and travel books and editor of classical and biographical works. Her Rambles in the South of Ireland appeared in 1839. 8 Cf 933, in which D says the invitation is for 'the igth.' Perhaps D on 3 June had misread the date, or there was a change. Macready records in his diary for 16 June 1839 that he went to a dinner at Horace Twiss's, where D and MA were also guests, along with Sir George Grey, Hope, Pemberton, Herries 'etc.' Despite D'S earlier sending of the MS of Alarcos to Macready (see 8g4&ni), this was apparently their first meeting. The Diaries of William Macready 1833-1851 (1912) ed William Toynbee 11 8. 9 Macready on 24 June 1824 had married Catherine Frances Atkins (1805-1852), at one time an actress.

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After / dinner went to a soiree at the Harringtons - I cannot give The house10 the most gorgeous & fantastically superb I ever dreamed of. The ideal of a Spanish / palace in the days of Spanish splendor - unlike anything I had ever seen in any country. Miladi charming, & sang divinely - the female guest - Lady Tavistock / only - The duke of W[ellingto]n Rutland London[derr]y Lyndhurst, Dorsay, Ches[terfield] Charleville, Ld Tavistock, Carington, & one or two others, brilliants of fine water / all of whom I knew. They dined there - but as I cd. not dine with them on Wedy., & waa asked to I thought it courteous to go last night & was very glad. / I renewed my acquaintance as she was stepping into a Milliners & called in consequence. The next day his L[ordshi]p called & two invit[ati]ons followed. I am doubtful whe[the]r I shall get to the Beresfords today.11 Love D TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Tuesday 25 June 1839

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52632 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: see m.

My dearest, I cannot write at length as I am busy - very - & wish to speak to night on Chartism - the national petition being on / the paper - tho' I doubt whe[the]r it will come off. 1 The breakfast2 - not a single Tory - I knew no women - not ten / - Lady Seymour Mrs Norton, Lady Otway 3 &c. & escaped at an early hour. Whittle Harvey told me yesterday it was the most / just & powerful view of centraliz[at]ion yet expressed 4 - only fault of the speech, it shd have been ano[the]r hour. I have not seen / the Duke as he has been confined to his room this week by a quinsy. 5 Every day a 1000 things are sd. but I / really cannot write. 10 At this time the Harringtons' London address was Whitehall Gardens. Robson's Guide (1840). 11 See 937&na. William Carr Beresford (1768-1854), ist Viscount Beresford, the famous general distinguished for his service as Field Marshal in the Peninsular War, MP for Waterford Co 1811-14, in 1832 had married his cousin Louisa Hope (d 1851), daughter of ist Baron Decies and widow since 1831 of Thomas Hope. 1 The parliamentary business for this week included a notice of motion by Thomas Attwood for 25 Jun for the House in committee to consider the Chartists' National Petition, presented to the House on 14 June. MP (24 June 1839). D would speak on the subject on 12 July; see (VOL in) 964. 2 Probably Lord Morpeth's dejeuner of 22 June for 700 people, at the Duke of Devonshire's villa at Chiswick. According to MP, it had been 'a very miscellaneous crowd' and the Duke of Devonshire had not allowed the guests to be entertained indoors. MP (24, 25 June 1839). 3 Admiral Sir Robert Waller Otway, ist Baronet, in 1801 had married Clementina Holloway (d 1851), daughter and co-heir of Admiral John Holloway. 4 For D'S speech on 20 June opposing the proposed Central Education Board see 938&m, 939&m, 94O&n and 941. 5 On 24 June MP reported that the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos was suffering from a severe cold with a swollen face.

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My voice & ear part[icul]arly much admired - but I was nervous & not well - & did nothing-b«t- to what / I can. If I cd. speak today, I am in fine cue & wd. open their minds. Howr. Thursday by unanimous assent of all parties / was a great success. The Spectator notices the speech as one among the three or four that were "the most remarkable products of the debate[."] It says it was "sober & well reasoned."6 The Sun goes on nightly treating with gt. cons[iderat]ion. Tomorrow more I D

959X

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London] Wednesday [10 July 1839]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52633 PUBLICATION HISTORY: The LEGS extract from this letter was initially printed as a postscript to (VOL in) 956; see Q56&ec. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: cf 959, the second paragraph.

My dearest, Wedy The house was counted out last night just as Baines was going to start with the Prussian League, on which I meant to speak.1 It was a troublesome subject to Govemt. & / they find no difficulty in counting out a house in July. The storm here was very grand & blended with Lyndh[urs]ts banquet2 - Strangford said it reminded him of Alarcos3 - he "& George"4 / think it by far the finest thing I have written - don't like the comic parts. Wakley says it is the finest play since Shakespeare.5 There! The Coroner is very fond of poetry / - "werryl"6 Sidney Herbert quoted a long passage, just been reading it to a lady - sd. I was surprised anyone cd. look at a tragedy not acted - sd. au contraire it was very much / read people talked of it a great deal - all this in one day. Yet no reviews - of any kind. 7 Damn them - they do no good. I dine with the Chin8 to day - I have quite recov[ere]d. Love I D. 6 The Spectator on 22 June had indeed noted D'S 'sober and well-reasoned speech ... directed chiefly against the centralizing system as applied to popular education.' D exaggerates a little about the rest of its comment, in which it mentioned eight speeches (including D'S) as 'the more important products' of the debate. It added that 'the ponderous masses' of oratory outweighed the importance of the subject: 'the reader might well exclaim, "This is really much ado about nothing."' 1 See 954&n4 and 959&m. 2 See 956n7_ 3 See 9s6n8. 4 George Smythe; see 956ng. 5 See 956mo. 6 Wakley had been first elected as coroner for West Middlesex on 25 February. The 'werry' (cf Sam Weller) is perhaps a dig at Wakley's plebeian pursuits. In opposing the copyright act in 1842, Wakley would assert that he could write 'respectable' poetry by the mile, a statement which Hood would make fun of in Whimsicalities (1844). 7 For reviews of Alarcos see 96^2. 8 Sir Alexander Cray Grant.

354

TO: [HENRY RICHARDS

Grosvenor Hotel [Wednesday 28 August 1839?]

ORIGINAL: MOPSIK [169] EDITORIAL COMMENT: This is the full text of the letter mentioned at the end of (VOL in) 7oom. The recipient is Pyne's partner, Henry Richards: see m. A possible scenario is that D never did get to see Pyne before the wedding (see 988), tried to see Richards instead, even to the point of looking unsuccessfully for his apparently obscure residence, and finally resorted to writing to Pyne (996) on matters that he would have preferred to have explained in person. Dating: the address at the Grosvenor Hotel (cf 972, 989 and 993) and the reference to leaving London and England on this day indicates the time of early Wednesday ('Tuesday night'), D'S wedding day. The mention of havin 'arrived in town on Monday' does not correspond with 989, but instances of D editing the facts are not unknown.

995X

Sir, Grosvenor Hotel I Tuesday night I arrived in town on Monday, & yesterday morning repaired to Bennett St:, but regret to say, was obliged to leave it witht. discovering your residence. l I I direct this as before tho' I am doubtful whether you have ever reed, my note. You are aware that I have written to Mr B.? 2 I am exceedingly anxious to speak to you on his / affairs & to assist him to the utmost of my power - but it is IMPOSSIBLE for me not to quit London to day, indeed I shd. say England. In the peculiar position in which I am placed, I must therefore / throw myself upon his best construction for the moment[.] In haste I B DISRAELI TO: SARAH DISRAELI

Grosvenor Gate, Sunday 15 December [1839]

ORIGINAL: BUB MS. 7.90 L. PUBLICATION HISTORY: Nils Erik Enkvist British and American Literary Letters in Scandinavian Public Collections (Abo Akademi, 1964) 88-9, dated 15 December 1839. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: the year is evident by context. See (VOL in) ioi6&nnl&2, 1017 etc.

My dear Sa, Grosvenor Gate I Sunday December 15 Mr Alexander has just left us. His view of my father's case is clear & precise, &, I doubt not, correct. With skill & care, he ought to recover his sight spccd-ifyr & even without great delay, but it is quite out of all rule, that in the situation he found himself when in town, he should have departed immediately for / the country & remained there Jive weeks, with all the symptoms remaining the same, which Alexander declares them to be. He must come up to town immediately, or he will behave with the greatest imprudence & neglect. Mary Anne has already given directions for the rooms to be prepared for him & my mother, / & I have promised to let Alexander know of his arrival, who will see him here, as well as Paris or anybody else. It is quite useless opposing these arrangements, which, like the laws of the Medes & Persians, are definitive. According to Alexander, it will in all probability not be necessary for him to stay in / town, & therefore I expect we shall spend our Xmas together at Bradenham. 1 Henry Richards lived at 1 Bennett Street, St James's. LPOD (1845). 2 See (VOL in) 7oo&ni.

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We hope they will arrive tomorrow, but if that be too sharp practice for them, with[ou]t fail on Tuesday; in the latter case you will of course write. Alexander, not hearing further from him, took it for granted that his sight had re-adjusted itself. Love to all. Ever I D

I0

35R

TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Carlton Club [Monday 20 January 1840]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52635 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL in) logsph EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by D'S dinner party. Sic: Fielden.

My dearest Sa, Cn Cb I write you this early, as probably I shall be too much engaged at the House1 to write by post time. The scandalous story does not apply to the D of Sussex but the / Prince of Capua, & I dare say is all a silly lie.2 When did I speak at Aylesbury? Oh! I suppose you mean the Mag. chamber. 3 I am wretched about my father, but hope he may find / benefit when a few days have past. Stockdales affair gets every hour more embroiled Yesterday I gave my first male party, & considering only two days to make it, I think it was not ordinary. Lyndhurst Strangford, Powerscourt, Ossulston, D'Orsay Sir A. Grant / & Sir L. Bulwer.4 Every thing went off capitally - & we had the smaller drawing room open, tho' before the time. There is no news. I rather think Leader will vote with us - but we don't want him. Alone he is of little use. Grote has gone to Paris, & Molesworth has not 1 See io34ni. Contra the information given there the firm involved in the dispute was not that of Thomas Curson Hansard Jr, which published the unofficial reports of parliamentary debates, but that of James and Luke Graves Hansard, the official publishers of parliamentary papers, journals, etc. John M. Robson What Did He Say? Editing Nineteenth-Century Speeches from Hansard and the Newspapers (Lethbridge, Alberta, 1988) 6-8, 60; J.C. Trewin and E.M. King Printer to the House (1952) 201. 2 The letter from Sarah to which D is responding has not been found, but she had probably asked abou an enigmatic item that had appeared in MP on 13 January under the title 'Rumoured Indiscretion in High Life ... It is stated that [a] lady was discovered in a situation of very proximate familiarity with an illustrious personage ...' On 19 January The Satirist in an article headed 'A Lie' said that it was commonly construed that the people in the MP article were Lady Gardner and the Duke of Sussex. The next week, on 26 January, it corrected its report: 'we fell into the error that the "illustrious personage" meant the Duke of Sussex, never dreaming that a Macaroni Prince merited such an appellation ... If we had thought that the Prince of Capua had been the gay Lothario meant, we should ... have at once designated it a damnable lie. What! an English lady of breeding and accomplishments commit herself with a garlick-breathed, clammy-palmed, sweaty-footed, half-washed foreign upstart? The thing is preposterous!' It clung to its original view, however, that the MP article was probably perpetrated by an '"Irish party'", friends of the Irish Princess of Capua and her 32-year-old sister, Gertrude Smyth, whose impending marriage, on 13 February, to the 72-year-old Lord Dinorben was apparently opposed by Lady Gardner, his daughter. 3 On 2 January, at the magistrates' chamber held in association with the Bucks Quarter Sessions at Aylesbury, a proposal had been made for a committee to inquire into setting up a rural constabulary force in Bucks. D had spoken against the proposal 'in a speech of much power, sarcasm, and effect', but it had been carried 20-18, the committee (which did not include D) to report at the following session. BH (4 Jan 1840). 4 See 1035™.

356

yet come up. All the rest of the Rads are bribed, excet. old Fielden, who, I believe, / votes with us. I dare say they will have 12 to 15 majority.5 D TO: SARAH DISRAELIi

House of Commons, Tuesday [28 January 1840]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52634 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by Sir John Yarde Buller's motion of non-confidence on 28 January. The discovery of this letter now makes it seem likely that (VOL m) 1038 was written earlier in the month.

io38x

My dearest Sa, H of C I Tuesday I fear a letter I sent you yesterday was ultimately too late for this infernal post. Last night we smashed the Governmt.' Sir Jno. Buller is now on his legs & / if possible speaking worse than his colleague Sir Tom did last year - Sir Tom only stuttered, this here Baronet sticks - God howr. is great & I suppose long before / a division, his escapading will be forgotten in those of others.2 The Whigs are very anxious in their enquiries whe[the]r I intend to speak to night & the Globe has even favored us with a sketch of what I intend to say. They say that I am trying to form a new party & acknowledge that I have partizans.3 Fas est ab hoste.4 D TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Saturday 22 February 1840]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52636 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by the resignation of the French Government; see n3_

My dearest Sa, 5 o'ck. I write this that you shd. not suppose I was ill - but this infernal new posting1 destroys all correspondence. I have not seen Ralph, but heard he had arrived at his Club this morning, where I left a note for him asking / him to dine with us to day.2 There is no news; except the Ministry have resigned in 5 See iO35n2. 1 On 27 January, the House had carried by a vote of 262-158 an amendment reducing to £30,000 th government's proposed £50,000 annual grant to Prince Albert. MP (28 Jan 1840). Hansard LI cols 633-6. 2 D not only did not forget, he repeated this story in a letter to Sarah on 31 January. See u>39&n2. 3 For the speech that D was to make later on this night see lOgg&nS. 4 The whole phrase from Ovid's Metamorphoses (iv 428) is 'fas est et ab hoste docerf: 'it is fair tojklsndfohiudshfihuihdsiufhu. derive instruction even from an enemy.' 1 Cf (VOL in) 1031,1036. 2 See 1050. RD'S club seems to have been the Clarence: see io6i&n5.

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France3 because they were outvoted - This extraordinary reason surprises all us English & we hope the precedent will become a practice & may bring resignation into fashion at home. / Our dinner at Burdetts4 was parliamentary & tolerably brisk. But the appointments of the menage Hocus to a degree. But I am so pressed I must leave the details for an[othe]r time. Love to all I D

IO5IR TO: SARAH DISRAELI

House of Commons [Thursday 27 February 1840]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52637 PUBLICATION HISTORY: see (VOL HI) lotji&ph and ic>55&ph EDITORIAL COMMENT: This letter replaces both 1051 and 1055. Dating: by the 'Newport job'; see lotjini. See also nm&2 below. It must be assumed that D was mistaken in dating the letter 'Friday'. Sic: exhaused; doff; Shuckboro'.

My dearest H of C I Friday Undoubtedly you hear from Ralph - he dined with us yesterday & is very well. I have little to tell you. Lady Blessington sent me yesterday an embroidered velvet waistcoat on which Lyons had exhaus[t]ed all / its genius. 'Tis too gorgeous to wear, but I am nevertheless to doff it on Sunday when we dine at the Lyndhursts.l I wish you could send me good news of either of our parents whom I long to see, as well as yourself. All the world of / late has been talking of the "Shuckboro' correspondence"2 which will be sent you therefore I need not describe it - a strange medley of witty vulgarity on the part of Lady Seymour & purseproud ostentation on that of her correspondent. It will make you laugh, I think. To night we are to beat the government I expect - re Newport job. 3 / It will be a sporting debate & worth listening to. I hope the boxes arrived safe, which left us yesterday. 1000 loves! I D.

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TO: [CHARLES ROWCROFT

Grosvenor Gate [Wednesday] 17 April [1840]

ORIGINAL: DUN [i] EDITORIAL COMMENT: Dating: by context; see m.

3 The London papers on 22 February reported the resignation on 20 February of the French government after its defeat by 226-200 on the bill for dotation of the due de Nemours. MP commented: 'The French Ministry carry with them into their retirement this claim at least to respect, that having lost the confidence of the Legislature they have known how to resign.' 4 Probably the dinner on Sunday 16 February. See 1045, tne ^ast sentence. 1 See 1053. 2 See lotjtjni. The correspondence must have been current in London for some time. The Observer on 8 March remarked that it had had the letters 'for some time' but had doubted their authenticity: 'Finding, however, that it has since been published, and not disowned by either of the ladies in question, we submit it to our readers.' 3 See lOfjini.

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Dear Sir Grosvenor Gate I Apl: 17 I wished to have had the pleasure of some conversation with you, before I left town - but I have been unable to reach you, & have shrunk from troubling you to call here, / when I had nothing to communicate which could be of a satisfactory nature to you at present. I shall return to London from Brighton at the end of the month, & will take an early opportunity of calling upon you / at the Courier office.1 Believe me, dear Sir I your faithfl Sert. I B. Disraeli TO: SARAH DISRAEL

Carlton Club, Saturday [8? August 1840]

ORIGINAL: HUNT HM 52638 PUBLICATION HISTORY: LBCS 159-60, dated 7 August 1840 conflated with extracts from (VOL in) 1084 EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: 'Augst. 8'. It is now clear that the Maggs extract published as part of 1083 must be part of a separate letter, possibly dated 7 August 1840.

My dearest Carlton I Saty. I am anxious to hear news from Beaumaris.! The report in town to day is that L. Napoleon has never been out of London & is quite safe in Carlton Gardens:2 This is Mrs. Lane Fox's story, who is generally well / informed, but I think its all nonsense. The weather I had hoped might have done you all good - & I rejoiced that you shd. see some picturesque scenery under such advantages. For us, we are to go to Buckingham on Tuesday preliminary to / the ball on Wedy: Henry Smith gives us shelter. 3 I look forward to it all with anticipatory disgust. A Queen Dowr. seems to me as uninteresting a personage as can well be imagined. No power, & in the present instance, no society, for she has not / a court, altho' we pay for it.4 The Lyndhts have gone to Stowe to day grumbling. I am anxious to know whe[the]r you saw, or received, the Observer. 5 1 On 26 March 1840, 'Mr Rowcroft,' describing himself as editor and principal proprietor of The Courier, had written to D from its office at 345 Strand. H 8/11/185. Probably he was Charles Rowcroft (1798-1856), literary man and British diplomatic representative and the only Rowcroft listed in Robson's Guide for 1840. He was stipendiary magistrate in Van Diemen's Land, secretary to the Northern and Eastern Railway 1840, and consul at Cincinnati 1852-6. His varied literary output included Currency and Railways (1846); his 'Tick, an Eton Boy' ran in JVMM January-December 1848 and was published as Confessions of an Etonian 1852. He was also, until his bankruptcy in 1848, publisher of Hood's Magazine. Boase; Wellesley Index in 880; Robson's Directory (1840); The Times (i June 1848). Rowcroft had written that he was 'engaged in an undertaking of public interest to the Conservative party' which he thought would be 'personally agreeable' to D and asked for a meeting in order to explain its details. (D made a tentative beginning to an answer on the back of Rowcroft's letter: 'Dear Sir I I have the honor to'.) In January and February 1841, Manners and Cochrane, at the urging of Rowcroft's successor Alfred Mallalieu, would try unsuccessfully to get 400 subscribers to keep The Courier going and make it a Conservative party organ. The paper, however, ceased publication in 1842. In an entry in his journal on 21 October 1842 about the formation of the Young England party, Manners states that 'the idea ... was fostered by the Courier scheme.' BEA LJMJ (26 Jan, 9, 10, 19 Feb 1841, 21 Oct 1842); Dickens Letters iv 447n. 1 See 1083™. 2 See io83&n3 3 See io84&n2 and (in this volume) 1563^5. 4 See io83n2. 5 See io82&n6.

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io83R

I have not observed Reviews in the Ath or L[iterary]-G[azette\: but then I have seen these journals very irregularly. 1000 loves to all I & to you I Your aflfec brother I Ben. I wrote yesterday &, I think, the day before[.]

II26R TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Saturday 30 January 1841]

ORIGINAL: PS 363 PUBLICATION HISTORY: Maggs Catalogue No 579 (Christmas 1932) item 1352, a series of eight letters 'all addressed to his sister'; the last sentence is also given in W.V. Daniell's Catalogue 20 n.s. (^1915) item No 42, described as 'A.L.s. (initials) 4pp. 8vo. (1840) to [his sister Sarah], mentions the "Young England Party" and the renewed health of the Duke of Wellington'. EDITORIAL COMMENT: The following text is that of three consecutive paragraphs in the series of unidentified extracts in the Maggs catalogue. We had originally thought that the paragraphs were from different letters, and published the second as (VOL in) 1126. Recent access to BEA LJMJ now permits us to date the first paragraph; see n4- If D'S allusion in the second paragraph is taken to be to the passing of the first reading of Talfourd's bill on 29 January instead of Talfourd's speech on 27 January, then the three paragraphs fit together as continuous text taken from one letter. See nn2,4,6. This conclusion is supported by the Daniell's extract and description. Sic: Sir Forester.

Everything is as dull as ditchwater, on both sides.1 The accts. from Walsall very good indeed - the struggle will be at Canterbury, but our report to-day is favourable.2 Sir Forester[,]3 Loftus, Ld. John Manners, and a large party of 'Young England' have gone down to-day. I was asked but declined.4 Talfourd made a good start with his copyright bill last night owing to the injudicious opposition of the Utilitarians. I have prepared to compromise the case by 21 years, or even 30, according to the French projet, and Talfourd is not unwilling. This concession would gain a good many 1/2 and 1/2 men like Ld. Eliot, etc. On the whole I think we may carry a bill this year.5 Down at the House of Lds. on Thursday I shook hands with the Duke of Wn. who seems to have taken a new lease. He looks 10 years younger, and speaks in the 1 See ii25&n3. 2 For the by-election at Walsall see (VOL HI) H24&n5. New writs for Walsall and for Canterbury had been moved on 26 January; at Canterbury Lord Albert Conyngham (a Liberal) had retired because of ill health. MP (4 Jan 1841). Both The Times and MP on 30 January had carried reports by their respective correspondents of an enthusiastic meeting at Walsall in support of J.N. Gladstone, and of preparations being made because of the possibility of anti-corn law riots on polling day. MP also published a report, dated 'Friday night', from its correspondent at Canterbury describing Liberal activity but reiterating his previous prediction that George Smythe's majority would be at least 40. On 3 February Smythe was to be elected by a majority of 144 over his Liberal opponents. 3 'Sir Forester' is obviously a mistranscription of'Cis Forester'. 4 Lord John Manners in his journal entry for 6 February 1841 recorded that on 'Saturday (this day week) posted with Loftus, Cochrane, & Captain Ryder Burton to Canterbury, found dear S. in good spirits & health.' According to the lengthy entry, they had taken an active part in everything from the nomination to the victory celebrations: 'the mystery, the iniquity, brutality, debauchery, good humour & queerness of all these proceedings were very remarkable.' MP in a full report on 5 February gave details of the participation of 'Mr Smythe's friends', including an incident at a public house that resulted in Cochrane being called up before a magistrate. Manners does not mention Forester, and neither do the press reports. Nevertheless, the dating of this extract now seems firm, and D'S reference to Young England, which previously was an obstacle to connecting the extract with the 1841 by-elections, now is evidence that D had associations with the group earlier than has been previously thought. See introduction pp xiv-xv. 5 See ec and H26&nm,2.

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house with all the repose of old days, none of that nervous twitching too painfully perceptible of late years.6 TO: SARAH DISRAEL

[London, Tuesday 18 May 1841]

ORIGINAL: Now HUNT HM 52639; MS originally made available by courtesy of Mrs Elisabeth Wade. EDITORIAL COMMENT: Endorsed in another hand: 'May 18/1843'. Dating: by context. See nm&2. Sic: can-not; but of one.

My dear[es]t Sa, Tuesday I can-not throw the slightest light on the state of affairs - the "general impression" founded on "the highest authority & best inform [ati] on" changes / every day - & this morning the rumor runs that no vote, short of one of nonconfidence, will make the Govt. budge. * Even the division to night is far from certain, tho' nobody is / going to speak on our side exct. our leader. 2 I dined yesterday at Tomlines in Carlton Garden 3 - a palace; galleries, columned halls & proud saloons - the entertainment splendid / as the moneiad4 the guests, dandies of the yachting school, Alford, 5 Bagot, 6 John Moore the celebrated,7 Powersct. Mr. Cholmondeley,8 Captain Lyon,9 Powersct., Cantelupe. 1000 loves I D 6 After his series of illnesses in 1838, 1839, and 1840 (see 773&n2, 897^15, ioo6&m, 1010, iO46&nn4, ii and I047&ec&nm,2) the Duke of Wellington at this time seemed fully recovered and was taking an active part in debates in the Lords. See Greville's account (iv 350) of his fine speech in the Lords at the opening of parliament on 26 January approving (like Peel) the government's foreign policy and expressing cordial sentiments towards France. Ironically, on 5 February he was again to be overtaken by illness in the Lords, but the attack turned out to be slight. The Times (6, 9, 13 Feb 1841). 1 For Peel's motion of non-confidence on 27 May which eventually brought about the fall of the Whigs see (VOL in) ii58n2. 2 For D'S account of Peel's long speech on 18 May 1841 in the last night of debate on the sugar bill see H57&n7. The division the same night resulted in a majority of 36 against the ministers: 317-281. Hansard LVIII cols 667-73. 3 George Tomline lived at i Carlton House Terrace. LPOD (1845). 4 Possibly an allusion to The Moneiad, or, The Power of Money (1818), a poem in three cantos, by the Rev W.P. Macdonald. Richmond P. Bond '-lad: A Progeny of the Dunciad! PMLA XLIV (1929) 1103; Walter Hamilton Parodies of the Works of English and American Authors (1884) vi 181. 5 John Hume Egerton (1812-1851), Viscount Alford, son of ist Earl Brownlow, whom he was to predecease; Conservative (Protectionist) MP for Bedfordshire 1835-47. 6 William Bagot (1811-1887); Conservative (Protectionist) MP for Denbighshire 1835-52; succeeded as 3rd Baron Bagot in 1856. 7 Possibly John Bramley-Moore (1800-1886). Moore had legally changed his name to Bramley-Moore on 7 April 1841. W.P.W. Phillimore and Edward Alexander Fry comps An Index to Changes of Name ... i"j6o-igoi (1905, repr Baltimore, 1968) 36. The announcement in The London Gazette on 7 April had run as follows: John Bramley Moore (heretofore John Moore), of Liverpool, merchant, to continue to use the name of Bramley' (as copied in GM (Jan-June 1841) 537). Maybe D is combining his report with a joking allusion to Pope's poem on John Moore, author of the celebrated worm powder', which Sarah would probably have known. Bramley-Moore was mayor of Liverpool 1848-9, and Liberal Conservative MP for Maldon 1854-9, Lincoln 1862-5. 8 Hugh Cholmondeley (1812-1887); Conservative (Protectionist) MP for Denbighshire 1840-1, Montgomery 1841-7; succeeded as 2nd Baron Delamere in 1855. 9 William Lyon (£1807-1892), Captain (later Major) 8th Hussars, MP for Seaford 1831-2.

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APPENDIX II

The following are political letters by Coeur de Lion, Laelius and Runnymede, Disraeli's established pen names. Except for the Runnymede letter, which is taken from a MS in Disraeli's hand, the letters have been taken from the newspaper indicated at the head of each letter and reprinted here on the assumption that because of his close association with both The Times and The Morning Post their editors would not allow the pen names to be used by anyone other than Disraeli unless it had been by mutual arrangement. Some of the letters were discovered too late for inclusion in (VOL in). [i] [The Times, Tuesday 25 February 1840, under the heading "Enemy's Fleet at Chatham."] Sir, - It would give all true lovers of their country much satisfaction if Whigs and Tories, instead of squabbling among themselves, would for once unite in endeavouring to remedy the evils they must all be conscious of, whatever they may outwardly profess to think of them. Perhaps this may be too much to expect. Perhaps patriotism is no longer known, and the love of the public weal has given way to the sordidness of individual interest. If so, our "day is past and gone." I recommend to the notice of all who think the records of the past the best guide for the conduct of the future the following extract, which appears applicable enough to the present parsimony of this avaricious age: England and Holland were on the point of concluding a treaty of peace, in the words of Hume "Nothing but forms, or at least some vain points of honour, seemed to remain for the Ambassadors at Breda to discuss. In this situation Charles, moved by an ill-timed frugality, remitted his preparations, and exposed England to one of the greatest affronts which it has ever received: two small squadrons alone were equipped, and during a war with such potent and martial enemies everything was left almost in the same situation as in times of the most profound tranquillity. De Wit protracted the negotiation at Breda, and hastened the naval preparations: the Dutch appeared in the Thames under the command of De Ruyter, and threw the English into the utmost consternation. A chain had been drawn across the Medway; some fortifications had been added to Sheerness and Upnor Castle; but all these preparations were unequal to the present necessity. Sheerness was soon taken. The Dutch broke the chain - they burned the three ships which lay to guard the chain (we have neither chain nor ships in 1840), they advanced with six men-of-war and five fireships as far as Upnor Castle, where they burned the Royal Oak, the Loyal London, and the St. James.... They then fell down the Medway, without receiving any considerable damage, and it was apprehended they might next tide sail up the Thames, and extend their hostilities even to the bridge of London. The Dutch sailed next to Portsmouth, where they made a fruitless attempt; they met with no better success at Plymouth, they insulted Harwich, they sailed again up the Thames as far as Tilbury, where they were repulsed. Had the French thought proper to join the Dutch fleet and to invade England, consequences the most fatal might justly have been apprehended." - (Vide HUME.) Where are our batteries upon the Isle of Sheppy? Where are our fortresses upon the eastern part of the Isle of Wight to preserve Spithead? I am, Sir, your obedient servant, COEUR DE LION [2] [The Times, Thursday 5 March 1840, under the heading "Naval Debates."] Sir, - The attention of Great Britain has again been called to the state of her navy and its inadequacy, when considered in relation to those of foreign and rival Powers, by the patriots of both Houses of Parliament. The Ministers have again endeavoured to blind and delude the country by their feeble and disjointed answers - answers which are too partial and too evasive to satisfy any man of plain sense and unprejudiced understanding who has any knowledge whatever of the question. It appears to me that the true merits of the case would be far better understood, and the argu-

ments of the opponents of the present system would gain immensely in strength, by narrowing the discussion within its proper limits. If in these times such a thing be possible, it should be considered abstractedly from all party feeling. The time wasted in mutual recrimination should be devoted to the consideration of what is truly best for the country. It is not of the slightest consequence to the nation whether the present condition of our navy has been produced by Whig or by Tory measures, or if the ships were better manned, or the petty officers in greater comfort, under the Duke or under Lord Melbourne (though it would not be difficult for the hero of Waterloo to vindicate his administration in this as in other points); but it is of vital importance that the country should ascertain the truth or falsehood of assertions which affect her very existence. When we see the whole navy (with a few wholly unimportant Radico-politico exceptions) unanimous on a subject of which they must naturally be the best practical judges - when by the Ministers no refutation of the facts brought forward is even attempted - when the First Lord of the Admiralty acknowledges that "we have not ships enough to cope with the Russian fleet," and that in another quarter our safety consists in the improbability of an attack - in fact, that we owe our security not to our own strength, but to the forbearance of France (Oh, is it come to this? The mistress of the seas, the queen of the ocean, is not attacked, not pillaged, because her rival forbears to do so!) - when the same noble Lord passes over in utter silence the assertions and charges of the total inefficiency of the guardships, the absence and necessity of a Channel squadron, the want of steamers, the defenceless state of all our coasts, and when he concludes by pathetically saying that "it is not right to call for an official return of what has been done, of what was doing, and of what was in progress," - all this seems to every man of common impartiality to afford a very strong primd facie reason for concluding that the present occupants of office are conscious of the truth of their opponents' statements, and the fallacy of their own. The question could not have remained so long in this unsettled state, if the Ministry had given a plausible answer, whether true or false, to the facts brought against them. If true, such an answer would have set the matter at rest; if false, their statements would have been contradicted: but they have given no room even for contradiction they have asserted nothing. Their conduct reminds us of the case of poor John Smith. That respectable man was dangerously ill, at least so one of his sons thought. "Oh," says the other, who, by the by, was always an undutiful boy, "don't send for a doctor, or all the neighbours will think he is ill." "Ah," said he, in a sudden fit of tenderness, "don't give him medicine. Don't cure him, for fear he should think there is something the matter with him. It is so unkind to tell him he is ill." And so poor John Smith died! We were always fond of placing an argument in a categorical form. We will therefore request answers to a few simple questions. Has not the flag of Great Britain been insulted or her officers ill-treated at San Juan d'Ulloa, the Persian Gulf, Isle of France, China, &c.; and why? Is there not a powerful Russian fleet within a week's sail of our shores? Have not the French likewise a sufficient number of ships at their present disposal, to say nothing of their armed steamers, to attack our coasts whenever they please? Are not three guardships with three lieutenants and less than 100 men each, and a few hundreds in the ordinary ships, the sole defence of the entire coasts of Great Britain and Ireland; and would they be sufficient in case of war with either Russia or France? In that case would not the Mediterraneon [sic] fleet require additional reinforcements, instead of being able to send any ships home? And would it not be satisfactory to the inhabitants and merchants of Edinburgh, Leith, Newcastle, Hull, London, the visitors of Margate, Ramsgate, Dover, Hastings, the Isle of Wight, &c, besides those of all our southern counties, to know (while the Russians and French were making sudden attacks, destroying our merchant ships, colliers and fisheries, burning our coast towns, and probably, as was done by a very inferior power, our ships in ordinary and our arsenals) that two ships could be recalled from Lisbon in a fortnight if the wind were favourable? and that if the hulks were not all burnt (as they probably would be), that according to Lord Minto, 40 sail-of-the-line could by strenuous exertions, enormous bounties, and collecting men from every port, be fitted out at the rapid rate of one 72 in two months? Does not Lord Minto proclaim that we depend wholly on the forbearance of France, and is the forbearance of the strong to be insured in any other way than by deference, compliance, and submission on the part of the defenceless; and is this a fit or proper attitude for Great Britain? Have the Ministers adopted A. Smith's theory, that colonies are a burden to a nation? If so, why do they go to the expense of sending out governors, &c.? If not, why are there so few ships for the

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defence of these valuable acquisitions, that they may be aptly described, as were the remains of Eneas' fleet after the tempest "rari nantes in gurgite vasto?" What is the advantage of pensioning off meritorious experienced able seamen, to make room for young and inexperienced boys? A pension is, in fact, a premium to an old sailor for leaving the service. Is this on account of any extraordinary superfluity of men begging to be employed? What is the cause of the difficulty of manning ships? And why, when men are so much wanted at home, do they prefer enlisting in the American service? Are not ships constantly short of midshipmen? Why do they not receive more into the service? Are not active commanders and lieutenants wanted? Why do they not raise some to that rank? Finally, which is most expensive - to prevent mischief by proper precautions, to maintain such a fleet in such a state as to inspire awe, or to suffer an attack to be made and thousands ruined, and then to begin getting ready for defence when the country has been degraded and half her means of warfare destroyed? These questions are enough for the present. I will not now enter into more abstruse points, such as the peculiar duties of naval officers who need not fight, the durability of our friendship with France, &c. Trusting to your kindness for the insertion of these few thoughts, arising from the debates in both Houses, I am, Sir, your obedient servant, COEUR DE LION. [3] The following letter first appeared in The Times on n February 184.1, but was reprinted on 12 February 1841 because of a 'remarkable error' by which 'an important part ... was left out', as an editorial note explained.

TO THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND THEIR COMMITTEE. My Lords, - One among the thousands in this country who look with reverence and love to the august assembly of the Peers of Great Britain takes the liberty of addressing you on the important subject which is appointed to come under your judicial consideration on the i6th instant. In regard to the immediate object of that inquiry I shall not trouble your Lordships. Every principle of fair play dear to an English heart revolts at the idea of a man being taken off his guard. If it was intended to enforce an existing law in its rigour, or rather to put a construction upon it which was never contemplated, public notice ought previously to have been given of that intention. But this was not done in the case before your Lordships. Equity, therefore, and mercy will sit assessors with justice on the trial of Lord Cardigan. But the sentiments and principles on the subject of duelling, avowed and acted upon in the progress of this trial, will be of far more importance in their consequences than the issue of the trial itself. An opportunity, in fact, is about to be afforded your Lordships of adding yet another benefit to the many which England has already experienced at your hands - an opportunity of stamping your past exertions in the cause of truth, religion, and civilisation, with the seals of sincerity and consistency: nay, words still stronger befit the occasion, and I fear not to say, that your Lordships stand at this moment in a situation of great responsibility, in which the eyes of the nation are fixed upon you, anxiously expecting that you will embrace this favourable occasion to interpose the shield of your influence between society and that systematic violation of its laws which has so long and so unhappily prevailed amongst us. It is on the question, therefore, of duelling, that I would now respectfully engage your Lordships' attention. Every one will admit the absurdity of the bathos from the lance to the pistol, from the grave and noble auto dafe, which the combat of the chivalrous ages exhibited in its solemn appeal to God, as the witness and the judge of right and wrong, to the modern system, resorted to on the most trivial as well as the most important occasions, and as striking a proof of the degenerate faithlessness of the present as the ancient custom, of which it is the distorted image, is of the simple faith and piety of the olden time. The argument for the defence of duelling, as at present constituted, is short, simple, and intelligible. The Vantage-ground of principle is conceded at once; but the world, it is contended, could not go on without it. There are points where human legislation must stop, where unwritten must take the place of written laws; society cannot be kept in check except by fear of personal consequences attendant on the violation of those unwritten laws: the system of duelling affords that check; expediency, therefore, requires the toleration of duelling. Now, were the edifice of society founded on the shifting and variable sands of human folly and weakness, such reasoning might pass current; but if, as we believe and know, its foundations are

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laid deep below the waves of time and change on the eternal and immutable rock of divine strength and wisdom, it becomes our duty to test that reasoning by the revealed will of God; and if we find it ring false (as even its advocates confess it does), then, in the confidence that the expediency consists in the resolution of human wisdom and will into the wisdom and will of God, boldly to repudiate the perversion of the doctrine usually promulgated under its name, in this as well as in every other instance, as alike sinful and cowardly in its principle, short-sighted in its views, and destructive in its operation. The Bible is the only standard of right and wrong, and we read there, "Thou shalt not do evil that good may come of it." The defence, therefore, of duelling on the ground of expediency falls to the ground; and no other defence is set up for it. But the truth is, that society, so far from courting or needing the support of duelling, abhors and disowns a system which strikes at the very foundation of social order. Duelling is the mere foster-child of public opinion - the public opinion, moreover, not of the nation at large, but of a class, on whose sentiments and practice any opinion expressed by your Lordships, its brightest ornaments, must necessarily possess incalculable influence. It is this influence which we implore you to exercise on the present occasion. It is not in the indulgence of malice or revenge that the essential iniquity of duelling consists. Many a man has fought a duel with perfect innocence as regards those points. Few, I believe, take their stations in the field with the deliberate intention of "killing, maiming, or doing some grievous bodily injury" to their antagonist, as imputed to the noble Earl now summoned to your Lordships' bar for trial. Far from it. Few but would refuse a challenge, were it not for the disgrace with which such a refusal stamps the character. It has been often and truly said, that it requires more courage to refuse than to accept a challenge. It requires much for a single man to do so; but for the husband and the father, whose prospects for life may be blasted, and his wife and children reduced to beggary and wretchedness, in consequence of his refusal, the trial must be one of bitterness indeed. It is not, I repeat, in malice or revenge that the evil of the system lies. Nor need I insist upon the violation of the commandment, "Thou shalt not kill." No one will dispute, at least no man who ever saw his antagonist fall in a duel, but will remember the blow with which conscience knocked at his heart in that moment of anguish, the distinctness with which for days and years afterwards he heard the still, calm voice of God whispering in the silence of his heart's wilderness, "Where is thy brother Abel?" The evil lies deeper still. It consists in a total oblivion of that vital principle, of natural religion in the first instance, but far more emphatically so of Christianity - a principle which every man who fights a duel, challenger or challenged, consciously or unconsciously violates - a principle written in letters of light in the book of inspiration, in the following heart-stirring words, "Ye are not your OWN, for ye are bought with a price; wherefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit, WHICH ARE GOD'S." Life, then, is not a man's own property to peril at his pleasure, any more than it is his own to dismiss by suicide: and, till this principle be recognized, not as involved in the mere question of duelling, but in its full uncompromising extent, a man can never be thoroughly depended upon in the full confidence of his proving, under all circumstances and without mental reservation, loyal to his Sovereign, faithful to his God, and true to his country. This, my Lords, is an age of recurrence to first principles, a period unexampled in the annals of the world. The shackles of ages are falling off, and the human intellect is rising up, unconscious of its strength, and likely, in pure ignorance how to restrain and economize that strength, to rend asunder the bones, the muscles, the ligaments which are alike its prison, and the necessary instruments of its energy and activity; in other words, to burst through and destroy the whole framework of society. To preserve that framework, to discipline that awakening strength, and to direct it to the high and noble purposes which, from the elevation on which we now stand, we may see opening out before us in long vistas, as it were, of untrodden enterprise, in the map of God's providence, education must be resorted to; not that spurious education which draws its theory and its practice alike from the dust it studiously looks down upon, whose wisdom is of the earth, earthy - but that which God intended when he distinguished man from the beasts that perish, by creating him with his face erect to heaven, in the image of his Maker. If society is to be preserved, it must be Christianized. Your Lordships have acknowledged this great truth by your exertions to preserve the Christian principle in education. England owes you much for all you have done, for all you are still doing in this great cause. But it would be mockery to hold forth the decalogue with one hand, and with the other a charter of legitimation to that spurious offspring of human vice and folly, which, involving as it does a direct transgression not of one only, but of almost every law in the decalogue, virtually annuls it. And this charter your Lordships sign - the good that you have done your inconsistency may undo, if in the remotest degree you indirectly sanction the system in question. The expediency of enacting prohibitory laws against duelling, such as exist in some foreign

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countries, must necessarily be left to the wisdom of the united houses to determine; it would probably be decided in the negative, and perhaps rightly so. But a far more efficient remedy is in your Lordships' own hands, as the highest court of honour in the kingdom, the capital of the column of English nobility, the sun, as it were, whose lustre and the spots that obscure its disk are alike reflected by that class of society in which the evil complained of has hitherto chiefly prevailed. Your influence on the "public opinion" of this class is immense. Let your Lordships simply declare duelling to be disgraceful, and it becomes so. We, therefore, - for I speak but as one of a vast body who hold that Christianity and true Conservatism are synonymous, - we, who in these days of storm and tempest look to your Lordships as the sheet-anchor on which the preservation of the state depends, - we who, respecting your wisdom, and honouring your manly daring in the vindication and assertion of truth and duty, deeply believe, however, and know with unalterable conviction, that it is God's blessing, and His only, which has hitherto maintained, or can hereafter maintain you in your posts and in your usefulness, and who watch over you therefore with the jealousy of love, lest in aught, through inadvertence, you come short of your high and holy vocation, - We call upon your Lordships, therefore, in the name of God and man, as you would be consistent with yourselves, as you hope God's blessing to rest on your labours for your country's good, to accompany the verdict you pronounce on the solemn occasion about to engage your attention with the fearless unqualified expression of your united abhorrence of the unhallowed system of duelling. I have the honour, &c., Feb. 8. LAELIUS. [4] [The following is the text of QUA 155, an extensively revised MS letter in D'S hand which, because of several instructions to the printer (not here given), appears to have been sent to The Morning Chronicle and returned. The pages, except for the first one and those on which the two end notes are written, are numbered. The date (24.? July 1842) is established by an editorial insertion in The Morning Chronicle of 26 July 184.2: 'Runnymede's objections to the legality of arrest in execution for debt are inconclusive. No matter how a practice originates, if the courts of law give effect to it, it is to all intents and purposes legal, and can only be made illegal by statute. There is a very simple test of the legality of imprisonment for debt, a writ of habeas corpus. If no court would, on such a writ set a prisoner free, his imprisonment is legal to all practical purposes.' Lord Brougham on 22 July 184.2 had introduced two bills, one of which relaxed the law of imprisonment for debt but did not abolish it. Hansard LXV cols ^8g-gi. D'S Latin quotations are in fact not from Magna Carta but from a preliminary document, The Articles of the Barons (article 29). ] To The Editor Of The Morning Chronicle ON THE LORD CHANCELLOR Lyndhurst, the Ex Chancellors Brougham, Cottenham and Campbell declaring Arrest and IMPRISONMENT for Debt Legal. Sir Those Noble Lords have all declared in their places in the House of Lords that arrest & imprisonment for debt are legal, while at the same time the Ex Chancellors declared its inutility, cruelty, & folly. To question the legal precision of four Chancellors is a desperate act, but as four hundred Chancellors whether in or ex cannot make falsehood truth, & as they do not claim infallibility their dicta may be called in question. The short space allowed in a daily journal will not permit the question to be taken up from its foundation & traced step by step through the labyrinths of legal chicanery, but a general reference may be made to the outlines of the subject, & to statutes & facts which will prove them to be as well as other men / professors & promulgators of doctrines which have no foundation. Perhaps one of their Lordships will favour the world on the third reading of the Bill, brought in by Lord Chancellor Lyndhurst, with the legal proofs which will support the extraordinary declaration. Would The preface to Sellons [sic] practice lead to that conclusion? A reference to it would perhaps add to their Lordships' legal knowledge on this subject & convict them of error. Before a few proofs are offered to their Lordships notice the Title of a Bill, as amended by the Committee, dated 6 March i837-7-Wm 4, will shew what then was the intention & / the wish of that committee[:] the title is as follows. "A Bill for extending the Remedies of Creditors against the property of Debtors, & for ABOLISHING IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT except in certain Cases of Fraud. ["] Why was the intention not carried out? Why was the abolition of imprisonment for a civil action of account virtually continued? Arrest on mesne process, that is suddenly, without notice, whether just or unjust was done away, & a quicker method of obtaining judgment against a creditor substituted, by which his incarceration was equally secured. The reason why the declared intention was not

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carried out was & is, that whole tribes of disreputable attornies, their coadjutors the Sheriffs officers, & sinecure places of great value held by Peers of the realm & others / might not be swept away by so necessary a reform. It is was [sic] evident that the legal profession thought that their own usurpation of the PRACTICE of arrest & imprisonment for debt, might be retained a little longer. That Practice of the Courts No lawyers when the question was debated either in Parliament or out ever had the effrontery to support as being legal. When the subject was brought before their Lordships by the then Attorney General (now Lord Campbell) & Mr Hawes - they all knew that arrest & imprisonment for a debt or, civil action of account, was not legal but a mere usurpation of the Courts, that it never was law or the / custom of our ancestors. They all knew that by the Great Charter of the Kingdom no man could be deprived of his liberty but by a jury of his peers & by indictment, & they all knew, that debtors were seized on & without either the verdict of a jury or even the mention of crime consigned for an unlimited period to a dungeon. They knew that the Chancellor Eldon, at least their equal in legal knowledge, had not dared to pronounce arrest & imprisonment for a debt legal - that Chancellor had in his place in the House of Lords declared that "Arrest for debt was a PERMISSION (from whom? on what Statute?) to commit acts of greater oppression & inhumanity than are to be met with in slavery itself - a PERMISSION to tear a father from his weeping children, the husband from the distressed wife, & to hurry him to a dungeon to linger out a life of pain and misery"! - / They knew, that every arrest & imprisonment was a violation of the Great Charter of the Kingdom which they had sworn to support - they were aware that it was a power which had been usurped by the courts & which no act of Parliament, no statute sanctioned - & if one act or Statute had existed as it violated the Great Charter it was null & void for in the 42 of Ed III, which has never been repealed, it is enacted "that if any statute be made to the contrary, that it shall be holden for none" - that Great Charter says "Ne corpus liberi hominis capiatur, nee imprisonetur [sic], nee dissaisietur, nee allegetur [sic], nee exuletur, nee aliquo modo destruatur, nee rex eat, vel mittat super eum vi nisi per judicium parium suorum, vel per legem terrae" - Their Lordships must have known that clause which constitutes one of the foundation stones of all our freedom - it may also be taken for granted that they knew / that their great predecessor Coke had thus interpreted 'capiatur' "No man shall be taken that is restrained of liberty, by petition or suggestion to the King, or to his counsel, unless it be by indictment or presentment of good & lawful men" - Again "No man ought to be put from his livelihood without answer" - Those Chancellors knew, that the true law of the Kingdom handed down from the earl[i]est time & which had never been abrogated was recovery after the debt had been substantiated by witnesses by distringas - that is, by demanding forty shillings & if not paid the seizure of goods to that amount, & after a specified time another distringas for the same amount until the debt was liquidated; but his wainage, that is his agricultural implements, were not seizable, nor the tools of his trade, & the "body of the debtor must be free, that he might serve the King in his wars, cultivate the ground, & maintain his family" Those Chancellors knew that the whole system of / arrests & imprisonment for debt was founded on the most impudent fraud & fiction that ever disgraced a profession. The arrest was NOT for deb (that was illegal) but for a false accusation of trespass & outrage "vi et armis" - the fictitious accusation was taken no notice of & the debtor was thrown into a prison until he found a ransom or his grave! - These Chancellors knew that the Courts with matchless effrontery had made Magna Charta a dead letter, that having surreptitiously introduced a fictitious plaint debtors were consigned to a prison on a just or unjust demand for any sum for any unlimited number of years. They knew, by what was as impudently termed an elegant fiction, that First an original writ from Chancery was supposed. Secondly, pledges of provocation, or security against groundless acts was supposed, I Thirdly - The Sheriffs enquiry for goods was supposed. Fourthly - The Sheriffs answer, or return, that defendant had no goods was supposed. Fifthly - The writ empowering ba[i]liffs to seize the defendants person was issued. Well might Lord Chief Justice Eyre exclaim "the law is a terrible engine of oppression, if the courts will not look into the abuses of its proceedings". Those learned Chancellors knew that Lord Bacon had written "no person can be arrested for debt according to the Constitution." - It is not to be supposed that these learned Lords were not acquainted with the law - that would be an insult to them & to the Chief Justice of the Queens Bench, & the Ex chancellor of Ireland & Mr Holroyd & other persons of that mysterious profession - but they one & all declared arrest & imprisonment for debt legal - without one statute, without one positive act of Parliament to support the assertion they / mistook (?) the shameless usurpation of their Courts for law - they considered the treasonable practice of violating Magna Charta - one of the solemn compacts between the Sov[e]reign

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& the people; as law. The infamies of the system had at length grown to so horrible a pitch, that even the rapacity of attornies, the petitions of sheriffs officers, the tenacious grasp of the heads of Courts [inserted:] Note + could no longer retain the practice of sudden arrest, & the "Permission" (Lord Eldon) to seize on mesne process fifteen thousand people annually was reluctantly given up - but the power after the debt had been proved was retained - on what legal grounds no noble Lord Chancellor ventured to state. Once in debate on the subject the words "Magna Charta" escaped Lord Broughams lips, but the lapsus linguae was observed by his / Lordship & a lingering esprit de corps seemed to act as an anodyne on the still small voice of truth & the sounds died away, & a change came over the spirit of his Speech. The law, which incontrovertibly applies to arrest on mesne process equally applies to the debtor when judgment has been obtained - they cannot be separated - no man can, by the constitution, be imprisoned excepting for crime, & that after the verdict of his peers, & then the indictment must set forth the crime, & the law must define the punishment - any other, & every other process is a violation of the law, a trampling under foot of the Great Charter, & ought to consign every judge who permits it to an immortality of infamy. Arrest & imprisonment for debt was usurped not for the benefit of creditors but to feed the harpies of the law. In London & Middlesex it has been computed that the lowest amount grasped in / costs exceeds annually half a million sterling, the whole of which is irretrievably lost to the creditors. As the greater number of writs issued are for sums under forty pounds, the original debt is always nearly doubled - & it is well known that the payment of the costs is in nearly every case the principal cause of detention. Now the usurpation & plunder of the Courts can no longer be upheld, these Lords Chancellors have discovered the inutility of imprisonment for debt - it hardly required half a dozen in & ex chancellors to make known to the world that, Doctors, Authors, Engineers, Poets, Merchants, Farmers[,] Shopkeepers, Pilots, Schoolmasters, Carpenters, Tinkers, Booksellers, Poulterers & every other trade or profession are wholly unable to pursue their avocations when shut in by four lofty spiked walls, & left for the most part neglected & unaided - or that they are unable to "serve the King, cultivate the ground, or maintain their families." The legal profession / is the most united in the world, & will never give up such a source of plunder without a long & desperate struggle, & therefore the doubt of their sincerity is very natural, as they have supported the usurpation of their Courts & called the nefarious practice of them Law, in the teeth of irrefutable statutes, & to the dishonour of Magna Charta; & because for four Years the suppression of arrest by mesne process was delayed by the shameless rubbish & gibberish of nearly every lawyer in both houses. The discussion must be looked on as "the commencement of the end" as the insertion of the edge of that wedge which will eventually open the way to the abrogation of all legal interference in matters of credit given & received, in other words between debtor & creditor, which will at once have the influential power of leading the whole / community to more careful & economical habits, & curtail without commanding that undue facility of credit, that working on fictitious capital which is at the root of our present commercial perplexity. & distress. How long lawyers, & other interested persons will delay it no one can foresee - that it must eventually take place has been long foreseen, & the total abolition of the usurped "permission" to imprison men without indictment & without being found guilty of crime [inserted:] Note + + is the forerunner of that great national & individual blessing. RUNNYMEDE

Note + See the history of Vaughan & Keelynge in Sellons Preface to his practice, & a dissection of all the shameless chicanery of fictions, assumed torts, ac etiam clauses, by the bye, & the reader will have a clearer idea of the daring usurpations of the courts for the sake of plunder than he now possesses. The practice of the law in England is in so abominable a state as to be a crying sin & a disgrace to a civilised and free people. Note + + A gentleman had been imprisoned fourteen years, his property when he was first confined amounted to nearly one hundred thousand pounds - it was preyed upon byflightsof money lenders, & rapacious lawyers - he had got hold of a small sum on which to exist in prison, for which he was sentenced by one commissioner of the Insolvent Court to two years more imprisonment & if not dead is still in the Queens Bench in the sixteenth year of his imprisonment! One of the most horrible cases, hardly equalled by the Lettres de Cachet of the Basti[l]le, is that of Mr Dufresne[:] he was made a bankrupt by a man who owed him much more than he claimed, notwithstanding his merchandise was seized, sold & divided among his creditors, & a Surplus remains Mr Dufresne would not acknowledge himself to be a bankrupt, which would have been contrary to his

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conviction & to truth, he had in 1838 been Twenty three years in prison & if alive is now in the Queen's Bench in the ayth year of Captivity!! [5]

[ The Morning Post 4 February 1846]

CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PRESENT QUESTION OF THE CORN LAWS, SUBMITTED TO THE THINKING MINDS OF ENGLAND. 1. Whether, in a free country like this, it is to be hoped, or wished, that peace should subsist between the two great parties that sway its interests, and whose antagonism is its life and strength; and whether the concession of the Corn Laws to the League would do more than change the character of that body to a combination, for the purpose of obtaining the five points of the Charter? 2. Whether the grounds alleged by Sir Robert Peel, in vindication of his change of views, are valid and substantial; and whether, at any rate, three years' experiment ought to outweigh the experience of three thousand? 3. Whether the whole of Sir Robert Peel's reasoning is not based upon a fallacy, viz., that agriculture and manufactures stand on the same footing, and are governed by the same natural laws? This, at least, is a new and startling doctrine to Englishmen. It is at least certain that the earth is not a machine - it is God's, not man's, creation. The windows of heaven open not at man's bidding. It is God sends the early and the latter rain, and the winds are in the hollow of His hand. It is his blessing that seconds the labours of the husbandman; but, at the same time, He has limited the productibility [sic] of the soil, and has said to the farmer, what He has not said to the manufacturer, "Hitherto shalt thou come, but no farther." It is admitted on all hands that machinery and the division of labour, so omnipotent in manufactures, avail nothing in agriculture. The spade is worth more to the farmer than the steam engine. Agriculture and manufactures stand therefore on a totally different footing, and are governed by laws totally distinct and contradictory. And hence arises the immutable law, that when a state is young and poor, her agriculture needs no protection, but that when she becomes old and rich, she needs it, or foreign competition would destroy her market. This, it is submitted, is our case in England at present. The converse, on the other hand, obtains with respect to manufactures. An old and rich state can dispense with protection, courts competition, but when young and poor she fences herself round with protective duties, as foreign states are now doing to exclude our manufactures. Agriculture, therefore, and manufactures, are opposed to each other by an immortal antithesis - an essential distinction. It is the object of the Free-traders to confound this distinction, and to subject agriculture to the rules that govern manufactures. This surely is against experience, justice, and sound policy. The manufacturer, from the possession of the steamengine, can endure any pressure; the farmer, from his dependence on manual labour and the seasons, must be crushed if not protected. Agriculture and manufactures are, therefore, in the strictest sense of the word, and by Divine appointment, class-interests, and demand recognition as such, and to be legislated for apart - as class interests, I repeat, but in a spirit superior to class prejudice. Their partisans cannot understand this; but there is a wisdom, a public opinion, which looks down on such petty jealousies with a smile. It must not be forgotten, moreover, that agriculture represents the conservative element of the constitution, and manufactures the progressive. To confound the two, or subject them to the same rules, is to forget the primary law of all politics; that nations are as men, greatest where the intellect is developed most vigorously in the antagonist powers of imagination and reason; the result of this balance being constitutional Government, the destruction of this balance anarchy and ruin, and the inference deducible from it, that England owes her supremacy to the fact, that both principles are so fully recognised in her constitution, as elements harmonious, yet opposed - controlling, yet controlled; each possessed of half the truth, and generating truth in the abstract through their collision. But to preserve this balance, the weaker party (as above stated) must be protected, or it will go to the wall; withdraw protection, and the progressive element must necessarily exclude and supersede the Conservative, and Vote by Ballot, Universal Suffrage, Annual Parliaments, in a word, the Charter, will shortly take the place of the Corn Laws, and the Monarchy become a Democracy? 4. Whether three hundred out of four hundred and eighty millions of British produce being raised by the farmer, he has not a right to expect due consideration in the adjustment of his interests with those of the manufacturer? 5. Whether Sir Robert Peel's assumption that foreign states will in due time accept our manufactures in exchange for their corn, is not contradicted I. By the necessity incumbent on those states to protect their own manufactures by the exclusion of

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ours, which would otherwise destroy their market - and 11. By the fact that they have systematically maintained the principle of exclusion during the last twenty or thirty years, regularly raising their duties as we have lowered ours? 6. Whether, if foreign states will not exchange their corn for our manufactures, but will only, as hitherto, accept cash, this must not occasion a continual drain on the specie of the country, with its consequences of runs upon the banks, shocks to credit, failures in every direction, and ultimately national bankruptcy? 7. Whether, giving full weight to Sir Robert Peel's scheme of compensation to the agriculturist, the question does not resolve into this - Will the compensation enable the farmer to compete with the importer of foreign grain? 8. Whether, if he cannot so compete, the consequence must not be the ruin of the farmer, and the ultimate conversion of the land into pasturage, as was the case with ancient Italy and Greece after the free admission of grain from Egypt? 9. Whether the ruin of the farmer would not entail that of the manufacturer through the extinction of the home-market, ever more valuable than the Trade prevent, in all time to come, diminutions of wages? If dear food lessens the power of labourers to purchase manufactured goods, does not that depreciation in the exchangeable value of labour, to which the unchecked use of machinery leads, involve a result precisely similar? During the last forty years, the displacement of manual labour by machinery has been going on at a rapid rate; and, consequently, the very "expansion" of our manufacturing system, on its present principles, involves the ultimate subversion of that system. Falling wages - not less than dear food - must lessen the power of labourers to consume all the products of industry. Is the Times disposed to maintain that the price of food ought not to be higher after a bad harvest than foreign, even were he not met (as he is) by systematically rising protective tariffs at every foreign port at which he presents his merchandise? 10. Whether the withdrawal of protection will not render us dependent for food on Russia - Poland, the Ukraine and Prussia being wholly under her control? n. Whether this dependence will not reduce us to famine in time of scarcity abroad? 12. Whether this dependence would not seriously embarrass us in time of war, and absolutely cripple us in the case of difference with Russia or any power in alliance with her? 13. Whether the continuance of peace, on which the arguments in favour of repeal of the Corn Laws are based, does not depend (humanly speaking) on the lives of Louis Philippe and Mehemet Ali? Whether, to state this consideration more fully, the policy of France and Russia does not point to objects irreconcilable with British interests, the occupation of Constantinople and Asia Minor by Russia, and that of Egypt by France, and, in the remoter background, that of India by the former, and of the Indian Seas by the latter power? Whether it will not be for the interest of the Orleans dynasty to plunge France into a war after the death of Louis Philippe, or of the Bourbons, if restored, to co-operate with Russia, more especially when it is understood that a league between Russia and France for the occupation of Turkey was actually on the tapis before the Revolution of 1830? And whether, moreover, the vast regeneration of Roman Catholicism (similar to that which took place after the Reformation, and accompanied by the re-establishment, as that was, by the original institution of the Jesuits) which has been going on for thirty years in Europe - and the fact that France, who crushes the Roman Catholic Church at home, identifies herself with it in the East, ought to be overlooked in this connection? 14. Whether, therefore, the true policy of England does not lie in the three following principles the first dependent on the second, and both on the third: I. Prevention of the undue aggrandisement of Russia and France; 11. Maintenance of the integrity of the Ottoman empire; and III. Preservation of the means of subsistence within herself, and of the power of intervening (should it be necessary) for the independence of Europe, by continuing protection to agriculture; in a word, by maintenance of the Corn Laws, as adjusted by the wisdom of Sir Robert Peel in 1842? And,finally15. Whether Sir Robert Peel stands pledged to retire if the country disapprove of his projected measure and see fit to maintain the Corn Laws; whether, on the contrary, he would not be justified (under the peculiar circumstances) in retaining or resuming office, submitting to what he may deem the shortsightedness of his friends, but strong in their confidence that he has meant honestly, although he may have acted (as they think) injudiciously on the point in question. LAELIUS

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APPENDIX III

This is the text of H B/II/IIO,III, an extensively revised draft of D'S memorandum (not located) written in Paris for Louis Philippe of France. It is endorsed in MA'S hand: 'Copy of Statement sent to the King of France.' An edited version is published in M&B 11 409-13, dated 184.2. The following version includes as many of the deletions as could be deciphered, since they give an insight into D'S thinking on this important matter. Very Confidential Note on the Fivnah & Eng.< Alliance Means of restoring the understanding bet[wee}n France & England - entrusted to Genl. Baudrand. The writer of this memorandum has observed with deep attention the characters & cir[cumstan]ces in France which exercise an influence on the relations bet[wee]n the two countries. He has that knowledge of the actors & motives of the political world of England wh: years of thought & action & intimate intercourse with the chiefs of parties can alone give. The, eire[umstane]c of the writer posBescing property in France not inconsiderable [...?] & wh: from perconal[?] circ[umctanc]Go[?] ho cannot remove, wd. induce him to take a sanguine view of the ultimate rel[ati]ons betni the two countrioo. Yet he And he cannot resist the conv[icti]on that the system at present pursued for the / purpose of maintaining the conn[ecti]on bet[wee]n the 2 countries is one wh: must inevitably terminate in absolute disaster & failure. Unquestionably the genius of a great prince, eminently fertile in resource & strengthened by an unprecedented experience of life, may for a long time baffle the catastrophe. But what is the consequence of this policy? The genius intellect energies of the founder of the Dynasty are eMerciced i» wasted in policy conduct acts acts hostile to the interests popularity of the dynasty. The vory intellect wh; is given to consolidate the throne The English connection instead of consolidating the throne, wh: was its original intent & is its natural bias / weakeno menaces & enfeebles it. Stripped of a thousand superficial circ[umstanc]es which lay [sic] upon the surface & distract tho superficial, this is the real point wh: shd. occupy the thought of every friend of the King &, I will add, of every friend of F. & Engd. The present system then entails upon the two countries a general condition of frigid & provisional amity alliance connection, broken by frequent episodes of suspicion, misconception, irritation, soothing phrases, adroit diversions, little acts of concerted-courtesy, & wars. Before the writer details the measures wh: in his opinion / shd be adopted wd might induce & that speedily revive & permanently retain the feelings -wb* that existed bet [wee] n the two countries 10 years since, & establish bet[wee]n F. & E. a genuine & hearty alliance he wd. make one observ[ati]on on the character feelings of the two nations in respect to this great result. He perceives that in France the enlightened classes are generally in favor of the English connection, but that the great body of the nation is hostile to -tfee- England. In England on the contrary the great body of the people is friendly to France while the enlightened superior classes are opposed look to F. with no cordiality. Yet it would appear that in there is reason to believe that in neither case instance is this hostility the result of / the ancient prejudice of the two nations on the contrary the avcroion ooolnooo aversion in England is an affair of Tradition; in France of Passion. The aupcrior cltxoooo reason of the class in England must therefore be instructed, the vanity of the class in France must therefore be soothed. In the opinion of the writer there arc three otepo wh: ohd immediately bo taken tho a real fe hearty alliance bctn. F & E. wd be materially there are three measures wh: wd. materially tend to revive & if assisted by a judicious policy on the part of France wd. absolutely & speedily restore, -tfee-a genuine & hearty alliance bet[wee]n the 2 countries. /

ist. On the very night that the English P[arliamen]t meets an influential member who has the ear of the House shd. give public notice that on the carlioot occaaion wh: cd. be within a fortnight, he ohd. aoli of his int[enti]on of inviting the cons[iderati]on of the house of Comm[on]s on the earliest occasion to the state of the rel[ati]ons bet[wee]n England & France. / It shd be observed that in the whole course of the last 12 eventful years during wh: Engd has witnessed her foreign system, changed, & re-constructed the intimate alliance bet[wee]n herself & F. announced one day as the only basis of her policy, & the English Min[iste]r who had avowedly entered into wars to baffle Russian intrigue, & promoted men to embassies for hav[in]g written anti-Russian pamphlets, repudiating on ano[the]r day that same F. alliance & acting with Russia in viol[ati]on of France, & during all these long years of perplexed confused & contradictory conduct, not a single debate has ever taken place on the principles on wh: the foreign policy of / England shd. be established. The Parliament of England absorbed in domestic struggles has been left with respect to its foreign affairs with[ou]t a principle to guide & with[ou]t knowledge to enlighten it. But these domestic struggles are over & a new gener[ati]on educated during has entered the H of C. to add their contribution its quota to the great aggregate of national [illegible]. A clear & comprehensive statement at this moment in the English Pt. of the great question of the E & F. alliance wd. produce a marvellous effect. It wd. teach men / to think. It wd. give principles to that vast majority anxiouo to who must be led. It wd. open new considerations of paramount interest. It wd. give a train to expressions wh: wd. touch the heart of the F people. It wd. afford an opportunity to a great section of the oppos[iti]on to repudiate the late policy of Ld. Palm[ersto]n. It wd. be a signal to Eng[lan]d that a new era was at hand. It wd. above all force from the English Min[iste]r not merely complimentary phrases, but a declar[ati]on in detail wh: wd. echo in every cabinet in Europe. / andly. Previous to the meeting of the English Parliamt. a party shd. be organised which in respect to the foreign external policy of England shd. be systematically opposed to the Russian system. Upon thio aubjcct the writer will only oboorvc The governmt. of Sir Robt. Peel is at this moment upheld by an apparent majority in the Commons of 90 members. It is known that among these 90 are bet [wee] n 40 & 50 agricultural malcontents who tho' not prepared to upset the gover commence an active opposition, will often be wanting in divioiono absent on questions wh: tho not of paramount vital may yet be of great importance to the Minister. It is obvious therefore that ano[the]r section of conservatives members [sic] I full of youth ambition & energy, & constant in attendance their seats, will must exercise an irresistible control over the tone of the Minister. Sympathising in general with his domestic policy, they may dictate the tone character of his foreign, espec[iall]y if they appeal to a conv[icti]on wh: at the bottom of Sir R. Peel's heart responds with to their own. Such a party will dicembarraBO wd. strengthen him against Ruooian appealo the grumbling menacing supplication of M. de Brunow [sic] - it wd. soon blow to the wind dispel Ld. Aberdeens mystical-vis-hallucinations of German nationality. When the writer of this note states that such a party can be formed he / speaks with an absolute knowledge of his subject. -He-A member gent[leman] has already been solicited to place himself at the head of that party a parliam[entar]y party wh: there is every reason to believe wd. adopt 4»» the views -of- on the For[eig]n Pol[ic]y of England referred to, a party of the youth of England, influenced by the noblest views & partak[in]g in nothing of the character of a par[liamentar]y intrigue. And if he has not at once accepted an offer wh: it is known he esteems the greatest honor that he ever received, it is only because next to the responsibility of forming a governmt. be it is in his opinion that that the portent dovolveo on the of leading-e£ a parlyi party. He thinlta It is right to state that it is calculated that the leadership of a par[liamentar]y party-ef-in England involves an extra expenditure of a very great amount. He mcntiono This -fee* circ[umstanc]e is mentioned only to show that it in not no one wo[ul]d heedlessly that ho contemplates [sic]-tfeis-such a contingency. / For no other purpose. For he only aharco the common feeling of every Englioh gent[loma]n when ho otateo that ho ohd only be too proud if the confidence of a body of hio compatrioto wd. entail upon him ouch an onpondituro For it wo[ul]d only express the common feeling of every Eng[lish] gent[lema]n were it stated that if this expenditure were the sole qualificfatijon for the office there wd be an universal rivalry to supply it. / [H B/II/JII begins:] The third measure wh: the writer recommends is a comprehensive organis[atio]n of the Press of England in favor of the En & F. & E Alliance. This power so vast but the management of wh: is so frequently neglected, & so generally misunderstood even by English min[istejrs is of itself if skilfully conducted capable of effecting great things; but when [eve] r it has chanced to be combined with a parliam[entar]y party power, its influence has invariably been irresistible. A oingle organ hown Great int[eres]ts, sensible of the power of the press & unable to analyze it, often appropriate to themselves the columns of a popular journal, & are surprised that

372

after even the effect is not proportionate to their expectations. But a single journal however ably conducted is only an organ. Known Recognized to be an organ, it ceases to be an authority. Its moral influence merges in its official character. The monitor that counsels the people of England to view France with a / glance of affection & confidence to believe that the power & prosperity of France will secure the empire & increase the wealth of England must speak in journals of every 4ti»dschool of politics & sound in every district. It is thio thio with a machinery of this description that the ideas of a single man, acting upon latent sympathies wh: only require developement, soon become the voice of a nation. An improoo Independent of the extreme difficulty of effecting ouch an which most men must experience in effecting such an arrangemt., the attempt hao many have been dissuaded from the attempt by the impression that the result cd. only be obtained by vast expenditure. This idea is completely erroneous - looos & Ten of thousands [sic] indeed have sometimes been bl ringly -krnsk**!-thrown away on the mismanagement of a single organ, but The press of England is not, in a gross & general sense, corrupt. The writer will if requi desired, draw up a confidential note on the organis[ati]on of the press, & furnish a plan wh: may be carried into practice. Indeed if it cannot be put in practice with[ou]t his aid, he will undertake its fulfilment[.] He-/ will At all events he will consent when the organis[ati]on has taken place to exercise over the that the same general supervision that Ld. P[almerston] now exercises over the Anti-Gallic press. These are the measures wh: if acted upon carried into effect simultaneously & with energy wd. in the opinion of the writer remove tend greatly to remove materially tend to produce the great result desired by all those who believe that in the Intim[at]e Union of F & E depend, not merely their material prosperity, but ultimately their existence as Powers of the ist Class. These plans may perhaps seem something vast, but they are not visionary. They are on the contrary essentially practical. The elomonto They are even to the minutest element necessary to their success digested & matured. And it is believed that the influence & intellect of an indiv[idua]l can at this moment carry them into effect[.]

373

APPENDIX IV

The following is the text of H B/n/6, an extensively revised 14. December 1845: there are many additions (some in pencil) blocks of material. Some intended deletions have apparently not additions is not clear, and light lines apparently indicating through some parts. It has been endorsed in another hand: '14 Deer de L'Europe)'.

draft of D'S letter to Palmerston of and deletions, sometimes of whole been marked, the placement of some tentative deletion have been drawn 1845 ' M. Disraeli in Paris I (Hotel

My dear Lord, M. Guizot invited me to a private convers[ati]on on Friday evening on the intelligence wh: had arrived from London that morning. In some casual eonvcroation talk previously with the Duke Decases [sic] I had ascertained that it was M. G's opinion that Sir R[obert] Pfeel] wd. be restored to power "dans une quinzaine"; the Englioh omb M. G. did not express this opinion to me but I offered he elicited mine that the return of Sir R.P. adm, assuming the supposed causes of his retirement to be correct, was impossible out of the question highly improbable. Yesterday the King oent for me to St G, whom I had had had convorn the honor occasionally•«««» to see during the crioia throes of the last fortnight, during wh: tho' anxious, he -was-seemed confident as to P's triumph, sent for me to St. Cloud, [inserted:] I found hia Majy his Majy grave & calm, hc'o ao ready more ready to listen -as- than to talk, very consecutive & keeping to the point, [start of a lengthy block deletion:] & not in any way degree indulging in those amusing but rambling details wh: generally sometimes charactcriDC distinguish his general convers[ati]on. [end of block deletion] [end of insert] The. K His Majy-tel-told me that G. had mentioned-tfee-at the council of the morning that he had seen me, & that he wae quite disabu converoed seen me on the previous eve. 4found tho King quite changed; his Majesty's belief in P. had evaporated: he repeated more than once that G. was disabused of his idea that P. wd. return; that every resign[ati]on weakened a min[iste]r -&€•& was almost as silly a thing as frcqu frequent Cabt Councils. It acomo that After some conversation on this head, the probable materials of the / new min[istr]y &c., the K[ing] assuming that the Whigs wd return there wd be a Whig government, spoke to me very much•«»• of your L[ordshi]p's accession to office. Your L Your Lp. I can is doubtless aware of the apprehensions wh: the people of this country generally [illegible] inform entertain on that subject & therefore I will not dwell on them. Your Lp is a man of too great experience & of too great a mind either to exaggerate or to depreciate the importance / of these such cir[cumstan]ces. [The following is a lengthy block deletion:] With regard to the Sec King or to it is not for a moment to be supposed that he considers them in any other light than as they may affect you. [End of lengthy block deletion] In the present instance Being very oufficiently familiar not unfamiliar with the subject, I cd, represent to it was in my power to discuss it in all its bearings & to make those representations to the King & enter into those explan[ati]ons & details wh: are necessary were expedient desirable. [The following is a lengthy block deletion:] Nor is it for a moment to be supposed that his Majy 4snot perfe does not perfectly appreciate the comprehend appreciate the real facts of the case: what alarms him is the effect of yr. accession on public opinion. [End of lengthy block deletion] I pointed out impressed on the King Maj[est]y, with delicacy, but with[ou]t reserve, that yr. Lp was tho our first foreign Minister who had taken the French connection intimacy as a legitimate bacic of an avowed element of our nat[iona]l pol[ic]y & that the-&*&• original want of cordiality had not been manifested by you - Hio Majooty replied that foreign [illegible] & that from your French character you required frankness ['French' has been written above the line with no indication where it

is to be inserted. M&B has 'frank'.], & decision; -If-that if these were not wanting on the part o the French government France the F. govt I-was-felt sure that yr Lp wd. never-be- take a litigious view of the conduct of the French government, policy of France but would / rather assist in any fair development of its external influence wh: had for its object to popularise the throne & satisfy the public. There followed on of cource on the p[ar]t of the King long & oft before repeated-*«f-explan[atijons of Spanish & Egyptian affairs but expressed with gravity, much earnestness & clearness & with[ou]t any episodes, [illegible word] This convers[ati]on lasted about half an hour when the King rising sd "We must not lose all the music." There was a concert. "There are persons here to whom I must-say- give a word but do not go, as I have other things as I wish to speak to you again." Accordingly about 1/2 past 10 ock -ikeaoircc having ceased the concert having finished (wh: by the bye, was v[er]y choice, as there was no one but the Court) his Majesty approached me & invited me to follow him into his Cabinet. He sd.-atonce the moment we were seated 'What you have-te-said of Ld. P. has given me much pleasure: I have been thinking of it. I feel also persuaded / that P. cannot be brought back again in triumph; & if he were to return he is no longer the same man. I will not deny I regret Ld. Ab. He haa But if Ld. P. will enter the administr[ati]on with[ou]t rancune & with a friendly dispos[iti]on all may be well. I consider that affairs are very serious. It is not isolated questions now - Spain, Eng Turkey, America as before -&•. Thooo Isolated questions settle themselves. Or even American, the same. What alarms me [illegible] It is the state of the Continent that occupies me. His Majy. then entered at great length, and with great clearness calmneBS, ability & very conoocutivoly on this subject. I perceived that the state of Germany greatly greatly disquiets him, & that he / con believes that a great vast revolutionary movement in that part of Europo1 central Europe is ultima tcly not to be avoided. Approaching Approaching midnight, his Majesty dismissed me. Notwithstanding I havo only my attempts at brevity My letter has already grown much longer than I intended, & I have not even yet expressed its purpose. It is this. I perceive I cd. aubmit to yr Lordop to be It I do not doubt suspect from many circfumstancjes that a sort of cry (of affected terror) will be raised up in England against yr Lp, sure to be re-acted here, wh: may add to the embarassments of yr govt. wh: I doubt not are sufficient with[ou]t it. It ia Do not you think some means might be devised to terminate this for ever? Had you {illegible] como made your projected visit I all wd. havo to Paris & become known to this impressionable people all cd. have been right. But now that is of course helpless [sic]. [The following is a lengthy block deletion] 1 ment[ione]d to his Majy. that [illegible pencil insertion] it had been yr. int[enti]on to have been / here during this month. He replied that he had heard for several years of such an intention -as-but had ceased to believe it the intention in [illegible] [End of lengthy block deletion] I Aa I do not think that any mere representation by the Press will effect wh; the purpose. Their representations are important-witk-when they reiterate, explain & amplify the words of some eminent man personage [sic], but they the world requires the reality of the individual for the original impulse. On the meeting of parliamt, under circ[umstanc]es wh: render onprooo developments of policy on the part of -tfe«-a Govt. not unusual, it wd not be difficult to arrange something wh: wd elicit on a satisfactory an exposition a satisfactory expos[iti]on. I am sure I shd be very happy to assist you in this respect, were I present; but / if the Pt. be summoned speedily I do not think I shall be tempted to quit this agreeable residence; especially as the great object of my pol[itica]l career is now achieved. Howr. you wd. not find much difficulty in making some arrangomo devising the requisite machinery. The Our Embassy-base- [large blot] who nothing here, I am credibly informed, have been left perfectly in the dark. Ld Cowley has -p»t- dislocated -it- his jaw shoulder, but "Lord Hervey" -fee* porouadod all tho as the Deputies call him hao porouadod was active at Guizots levee on Friday, assuring all tho fat Doputioo that the Whigs can never form a governmt. while St Aulaire wringing wrings his hands & shrugs his shoulders like a quack Doctor & aokod me laot night & asks in a whisper what -ye**.you can do with the against la "majorite / des Lords" I replied I see no change in the King since 1842 & I know from an authentic quarter that his health is perfect. I have the honor [large blot]

375

APPENDIX V

The following items are the texts of two MS notebooks in H B/II/I, written in D'S hand. The books' pages are numbered, and the numbers are here given at the left margin. Blank pages have not been cited. The vertical solidus has been used to demarcate lines and/or other groupings in the text. We have tried to render the names as given without using sic. [A]

Commonplace Book. 184.2 1842 I of the Xtian comput[ati]on. A

i.

Similarity of characters in different ages. I Augustus- I Pompeius - I Peel-,

3.

The Influence of Individual character. Marcus Aurelius - as long as the soul of M. Aurelius Antoninus, the philosopher, ever equal to itself & competent to provide for all contingencies, lived among mortals, without seeming to partake in their weaknesses or crimes, it was sufficient for the empire, & it was not remarked how much depended upon it alone. When M.A. as the nations believed, ascended to the Gods, & his son Commodus suceeded him on the throne, an

4.

universal relaxfatijon was quickly experienced. M He was the soul of Paganism. The Death of Epaminondas was an irreparable misfortune for the Greeks, for there remained not in any of the States a citizen capable of uniting the divided republics by the preeminence of his moral powers. M Would Philip have suceeded, had E. not died? The death of Pericles. Trajan Want of it in the Polish revolt wh: o[the]rwise must have succeeded

5.

Frederick of Prussia.

9.

Eunuchs Narses - Ali - Genl. of Solyman I Abelard I Photius I Origen Heroes, Impotent or averse to women Mars, de Gassion I Tilli I Turenne I Battori the Invincible I Vid: Boyle Henry IV

ii.

"O homines adservitutem paratos!" I Tiberius

13.

Similar Instit[uti]ons, Conduct &c. in different ages The Julian Calendar & the Napoleon Code I The loth. Legion & the Imp: Gd. I The Argyraspidoe & the Praetorians I The Boeotians & Corinthians would have destroyed Athens as the Prussians would have Paris I The marches from Elba & the Rubicon. For the latter see M

17.

Poetry. The French Revolution will ultimately be the great source of all modern poetry as the Trojan war of ancient The effect of Travel after long residence in cities. Antiquity of Society in the East: impressed with it from the inexplicable mountains of rubbish in the vicinity of cities I 3

19.

Famines are most common where popul[ati]on is most scanty. When popul[ati]on was most scanty, & nations pastoral & vagabond, famines abound [e]d; rulers determ[ine]d to send out colonies. A small spot, but a great idea overshadowing the earth. Ancient Rome - modern Corsica. The nation & the individual; throwing their intelligence over the world.

21.

As to Periods of Corruption.

23.

THE TWO NATIONS

The Five great Powers I i Dynasties & Governm[en]ts I 2 Nationality I 3 Religious Opinions I 4 Political Principles I 5 Material Interests. 27.

Of National Character The fusion of manners, classes & peoples diminishes national & individual character. OJuer]y whether in modern times there is intellectual equality? If true we should find in general intellectual excellence - but tis the reverse The greatest things are effected x by the smallest nations, who are stimulated by necessity to exertion. x The Phoenicians.

28.

The greatest lyric poet & the most accomplished general of the Greeks were Boeotians, nevertheless these people were accused of stupidity.

36.

Private Life more important than public leading to greater results.

37.

Principles We are not only to believe in God, but also in man. That life is not short, but long. Old Proverb?] The little can never be great, but the great can be sometimes little. The gardens of Epicurus, the halls of Zeus, the tub of Diog[ene]s. The nation that believes in a Redeemer will sooner or later find one.

38.

It is only thro' the influence of manners that Society can be maintained. Roman monuments erected at private expense for public benefit. 1 Adventures are to the adventurous. 2 He who gains Time, gains Everything. 3 Death is as natural as Life. 4 To know yr. age as necessary as to know yourself.

39.

RELIGION "is like the Firmament: the more it is examined, the greater number of stars will be discovered in it." Ganganelli "Many nations have lived very comfortably without kings, but no nation has lived without a priest." I Reginald Pole The Clergy had one fourth of all the revenues of the Kingdom: temp Hen 8. I Ld. Herbert

41.

Long Administr\ati\ons Pericles - 40 years

42.

Military men skilful negoc[iat]ors Catinat Retreats & marches. The retreat of Banier from Saxony to Pomerania bet[wee]n the Elbe & Oder, chefd'ouvre. March of Septimius Severus from Pannonia to Rome; from the Danube to the Tiber. d[itt\o Calculated by ablest politicians that no state can maintain above the looth. part in arms with[ou]t exhaustion.

43.

Life not Short Hannibal - 26 in Italy I Conde - 22 I Due de Weimar - 36 when he died I Banier 45771 I Luther - 35 I John of Austria won Lepanto & nearly made King of Tunis[ - 125-6 I Henry5ofEng: I Alexander- I Napoleon- I Bolingbroke- I Raffaelle- I John de Medici Cardinal at 15 after Leo io[ - 137 I Cortes - 33 I Gaston de Foix[ - ]22 I Nelson

377

44-

P Scipio Affricanus] I Grotius head of the bar & pleaded at 17. Att. Gen: 24 I Guiccardini- great ambassador 30 I -r- Pascal 16 37 I -v- Innocent in 37 I -v- Acquaviva 37 I Richelieu I Maurice of Saxony 32 Mf?] I Clive

47.

Spirit of the Times. To know it & one'self the secret of success. Beware lest you think that Success merely depends on the boldness of those who have gained poss[essi]on of authority, & on the physical power of which they have the direction, rather than on the folly & weakness of those who have forgotten their own rights.

51.

Bastards I Erasmus I Cardan I DAlembert I La Harpe I Ld. Ellesmere I Timotheus Adventurers I Borri I Campanella I Cagliostro I Casanova

53.

Mendizabel I Ct. Cancrin I Soult I Ct. Arnim. Prussian Ambass. Paris I Bodin I Martin Bucer I The Aldi I Loutherburg I Massena. Manasse Mendelsohn I Meyerbeer I Pasta I Rossini I Grisi I Neanderf,] Benaryf - ]Professors, Berlin I Heine I Meyer I Wehl. Prof: Heidelburg. Arabic I Conani x I Mar: dAncre. I Y.G. Heine "the witty" I Borne "the canonized patron of Y.G. the Jew patriot" I Spinoza I Chas Lamb. I Libanius I Kean

56. [P] Alexander the Great I Julius Caesar I Hadrian I Socrates I Lord Bacon I x Shakespere I Ld. Londonderry I Ld. George Sackville I Count Rousfordj?] I x Gray I Byron I Anacreon I Marlowe I x Jesus I Alcibiades I Critias I Napoleon I Leoio. I Euripides. I Pope Julius ii I Julius in I Cobbett - I H. Walpole - I Frederick I Cleveland I Salt I Bankes I Beckford I x F. Douce I Canning I Epaminondas 57. [.?] Leontium I Danae I Phryne I Lais I Flora I Lamia I Cytheris I Leoena I Thonis Egyptian I Thais [B]

Mem: about 1842, I shd. think. C. F. Vincent I Sibthorp I Ld. Mexbro' I Omitted

I thought then I had seen a great deal of the world - after what has occurred since it appears to me to be a nursery dream. I D. Hughenden Aug. 1860 1.

Mrs. Edmunds - The female Usurer I Lord Brougham: Romance developing in later life I Management of the Opera I Loans for Don Carlos I Real Ministers I Fish Dinners I Finance making modern fortunes not Commerce I Lewis Goldsmith I Madame Lieven the Egeria of the Minister of FA. I Dip: Cor:

2.

Fancourt: diamonds &c. I Marq. & Mss of Conyngham I Statistics - effect of I For the middle class marriage often the only adventure of life. I The Tankervilles I Pyne & Howard I Mont[gomer]y Martin I The Pery family. Lady G. I Lord de Ros I The first railroad: death of Huskisson

3.

Lord Thanet. 1839-40. kept a gaming house in his scampish life as Mr Tufton - made Ld Lt by the Whigs: actions brought against him for old playbills, pleads Statute of L. I Entree of a successful author among the Blues. I Urquhart & Co. I Sir R. Vyvyan I St. James' St described I The projected swamping of the house of Lords in 1832. I Prospect of being among the new peers: social effect I An Election before & after the Reform: the same place

4.

Lord Coventry I Testimonials I The Marq: of Bute & Lord James I Miss. B[urdett]Cfoutts] Fedora. I The Bonds I Fector I The Maxses I The Canterburys I The Charles Churchills I A man borrowing money of his friends I Sir R. Inglis - Leg[acy] hunter of old ladies I Peter Borthwick

5.

Fame & Obscurity: two men sighing for each I - or "Progress" I - or "Faith & Work"

7.

Some remarkable adventurers whom I have known. I Baron Haber -1832 &c I Carvalho -1835 I Lewis Goldsmith - 42 I Urquhart - 9.40 &c

378

Second class, but remarkable I Emerson Tennant I Borthwick I Fancourt I Oastler I Trelawny I Fitzgerald I Monty. Martin I Cunningham I Whittle Harvey I Hayward I Ranelagh I Fred. Villiers I Osborne I Lumley I Laporte I Gait Eccentric characters I Sir R. Vyvyan I Cookesley I Cooper the Chartist I Wentworth I Beaumont I Rd Penn & othero of hio fam I A. Donovan I Lovett. I Sibthorp I Ld. Harrington I Beckford I Sir R. Wilson I Dr. Quin I Sackville Fox I Old Conyers I Lord Coventry I Ld. Mexbro' I Standish 8.

Dandies &c 1832-42. I D'Orsay, Massey Stanley, Errington, Castlereagh, Chesterfield, Beaufort[,] G. Byng, G. Anson, T. Duncombe[,] Henry Baring, Lyne Stevens, Chas. Sutton, James McDonald[,] Gardner, Spalding, Lichfieldf,] Auriol, Johnny Burke??, A. Montgomery[,] Allenf,] Bathiany of an older date I Sir H. Mildmay, George Wombwell[,] I Dick. Young Nobles I Ld. Granby, Lord Douglas, Powerscourt, Ossulston, Maidstone, Ld. Shelburne, Walpole, Pollington, Cantalupe - Clive

9.

Sovereigns &c I Louis Phillippe - 1842 I King of Hanover - 43 I The Queen of the French- I The Dss of Nemours. I The Duke of Nemours. I The Duke of Brunswick I Mde. Adelaide. I The Duke & Dss of Cambridge Prime Ministers - with all of these I have held long repeated & confidential convfersatiojn. This however applies in general to every name in these lists. I only put down those, whose character I have had the opportunity of studying from sufficient personal communication. DucDecases I Sir R. Peel I Ld Melbourne I M. Guizot I M. Thiers I M. Vander Weyer I Comte Mole I Reschid Pasha I Grand Vizier 1830

10.

Lord Chancellors I Lord Lyndhurst 1834 - 35 - 39. I 41. I Ld. Brougham Ministers of State I Lord Aberdeen - I Sir James Graham I Ld Stanley I Ld. Palmerston I Ld John Russell I Ld. Normanby I Ld. Monteagle I TheMarq: ofLansdowne I The Duke of Buckingham I The Earl of Durham I Ld. Morpeth I Poulett Thompson I H. Hardinge I Herries I Duncannon. I Martinez de la Rosa I Toreno I Matuschevitz I Prince Czartouski I Ct. Zamoski

n.

Diplomatists I Lord Heytesbury - Sir S. Canning. I Ld. Strangford - St. de Rothesay - I Ld Cowley - Sir R. Gordon - Ld Ponsonby. I Reschid Pacha, Coletti, I Artim Bey, I St. Aulaire, I Lord Clarendon - I Jarnac, Pollon, Brunow, I M. de Cetto, Ld. Westmoreland I Esterhazy, Aali Effendi. Sir C. Bagot I Sir C. Vaughan, Sir A. Foster. I Sir. G. Ousely. W. Ousely. H. Ellis. Mere men in office I Goulburn. Clerk. Fremantle, G. Somerset &c &c Literary - political I Macaulay I Ld F. Egerton I Milman I Bunsen I Everett. I Sir Lytton I H. Bulwer I Milnes I Shiel I Mahon I Hobhouse I Humboldt I Syd. Smith I Bohn

12.

Wakley, Lord Ashley, Sr. F. Burdett I Ld. Dudley Stewartf,] O'Connell I Hume - M.P. Young England I GSS. JM. I Lord Canterbury I Ld. Lonsdale I Ld. Carington. old & young I Ld Morpeth I Ld. Salisbury I Rd Dennison I Rd Byng I Lord Jersey I Ld. Ebrington I Ld. Howden I Ld. Clanricharde I Ld. Howden I Ld. Clanricharde Nobles who have left their family politics I Ld. M. Hill I Ld. Nugent

13.

Great Lawyers I Sir E. Sugden I Pollock I Kelly I Ld. Denman. I Sir W. Follett I Ld. Campbell. I Ld. Abinger Party Hacks - I Holmes, Bonham, Tuffnell, Ross I Sir. A. Grant. B. Stanley. Military Heroes I The Duke - Beresford - Hill I Combermer - Sir G. Murray I Ld Londonderry - I Napier I Sir G. Bagot Poulett

379

14.

Capitalists I The Rothschilds I H. Hope & brothers I Ouvrard I Ld. Ashburton I Pseudo Powles Families I The Rothschilds I The Berkeleys I The Brackenburys I The Foresters I The Sheridans I The Websters I The Hopes I The Burdetts

15.

The Press. I Maginn - Lockhart. H. Twiss - Sir J. Stoddart - Theodore Hook, Barnes - Delane - Sterling - Fonblanque - Walter - J. Walter - Michele Antiquarians I Sir F. Palgrave I Sir H. Nicholas I Hunter - I Douce

16.

Women I Lady Stepney - Lady Bulwer I Lady Char: Bury - & Blanche I Mrs. Norton, Lady Duff[er]in, Lady Seymour I Ly. Londonderry - ist Lady Salisbury I and Lady Salisbury - Lady Jersey - I Mde Montalembert. Dss of Hamilton. I Lady Lincoln. Lady Peel. Lady I Orford & her dau[ghte]rs Lady Poll[ingto]n & I Lady Dorothy, Ly. Ashburton [crossed out with query in another hand: Ashbrook?] & her daughter Mde. Brunow I Lady Normanby I Lady Westmeath I Mile. D'Este I Lady C. Maxse I Mrs. Maberly I Lady Powerscourt I Lady Ponsonby

17.

- Ly Tankerville I Dss de Gramont I Dss of Buckingham I Lady C. Guest I Shelly I G. Fane I Mrs Gore & Cissy I Mrs Lane Fox I Ldy Blessington I Miss Landon I Miss Maynard I Lady Walpole I Lady Burdett I Mrs Dawson I Lady Cork I - Mary Shepherd I Morgan I Lady Holland I Duchess of Cleveland I Pss Radziwill I Mrs. Lawrence I Lady Dudley Stuart I Lady Floyd I Lady Beresford I Mde. Vespucci I Ldy. Fitzroy Somerset I Mde Guiccoli I Lady Osborne I Mrs Osborne I Mrs Webster I Mrs. Wheeler I Lady Harrington I Mrs. L. Stanhope I Ldy Wellesley I Made. Castellane

18

Female adventrures \ Mrs. Bolton - Mrs charmon aofngoaa; Csse Saviski o l lady caraliek Fergusson I Mrs. Gurwood Roues I Long Wellesley - Lord Pembroke. Spendthrifts I Long Wellesley I Sir F. Vincent I Spalding

19.

The League I Cobden - Bright - Villiers - I Gibson - The Manchester people. The Orange Leaders - &c I Downshire, Roden, Charleville I Glengall, Hawarden, Farnham I Jackson, Litton, Lefroy, West. Literary Men I Scott, Rogers, Moore, Campbell, I & Southey. Heber - Gifford Amateurs I Plumer Ward I Scrope -

20.

& others I Royal Bastards & family of William the 4th. I Earl of Munster I Ld. Adolphus I Ld Augustus I The De Lisles I Lady Mary Fox & Col[one]l I Sir Augustus D'Este I Madlle. D'E. I Sams I Ebers. Miscellaneous I Ld. Beaumont. I Ed: Ellice. I Ld. W. Lennox. I Ld. Lovelace I The Kt. of Kerry I Fector I Sir R. Inglis I "British Peer" I Lavalette Bruce. I Colquhoun I Bum[?] Gordon I Peter Hall[,] Montgomery [ - ] actors & popular preachers I Chas Mathews I Gurwood

21.

Colonial Governors I Sir G. Dow - I Sir F. Adam - I Sir F. Ponsonby Dwarkanauth Tagore North Pole I Sir J. Franklin I Barrow. I Captn. Lyon

22.

Frenchmen The Buonaparte Family.

The Prince of Canino-his dau[ghte]r I x Louis Napoleon - The D. of Padua I xPersigny Mauguin Waleski I Beaumont Mortier I

380

I O. Barrot I Lamartine I Tocqueville I Scheffer. I Mignet I Thierry I Merimee I Barante I Pasquier I Cte. dArgont[.?] I Dupin I C. Dupin I I Genl. Baudrand I Philarete Chasle[s] I St Beuve. I Cousin I Marshal Genl. Gorguaud I Martin (du Nord) I M. Vivien

23.

Usurers &c. I Mrs. Edmonds - Robins - Pyne I Howard - Mash - Houlditch I Hume Whitcombe - Davis - I Goodman - Goldschede - I Hitchcock - Huggins - Bevan I Ford, "channels[?] & parties." I The Bonds. Jacobson - Lowe - I Sir Benjamin Smith - an undertaker? Surgeons &c I Brodie - Carlisle - White I Dr Chambers Lawrence Dr Gordon Artists I Chantr[e]y - Wilkie - Shee I Landseer - Behnes - Chalon

24.

Old Men I Sir Robert Graham I & I Odilon Barrot pere - I both hale & heart & go Churchmen I Moule - Primate of Ireland. Beresford Parvenus I Sir Joshua Guest - Sir B. Hall I Sanderson Travellers I Belzoni - Wilkinson - Botta I Linaut - Davison - Denham I Clapperton - Bankes - Bonomi Cits I Aid: Humphrey, Al Thomson, Al. Copeland I T Noon (Calling each other by their Xtian names)

25.

The Blues I Mrs. Skinner &c Stock Exchange I Barclay, S. Ricardo - Morgan - I Moravia Political Economy Club I "Young" Mill - Larpent, Colonel I Torrens, B. Hawes, Maculloch; I Whately, George Porter, Senior. Fox - M.P. for Oldham Mr & Mrs. Norton Cte. Kielmansegge - Lady Charleville. Ld. Castlereagh - affected man

26.

Sir John Easthope Those who exchange "letters of undying friendship & everlasting hatred." Ld. Eliot - now St. Germans Gregory Editor of Satirist Neeld. Taylor the Platonist. Redesdale - his costume Dagley Balzac

27.

Insurance offices Young Peel Club of Discounters The Orford Family Emma Cave, Drummond[.;)] Baring & Co.

381

APPENDIX VI

The following is the text of a MS in D'S hand in H B/n/8g in which he records his and MA'S enjoyment of the response to his speech on Ireland on Friday 16 February 184.4. Sunday night Feb. 17 [sic]

TOM NODDY

Scene; little Library MA & Dizzy alone, enjoying themselves

Bernal met Smythe & said "Disraeli's speech was the greatest thing I ever heard." Smythe sd. "I don't think so, for I have heard Disraeli make as great." Bernal replies "I tell you what it is; if he was a Lord Tom Noddy, that man would revolutionize the nation." Smythe is all for Tom Noddyism. On Saturday morning a breakfast at Milnes; Ld. John Manners, Chevalier Bunsen, Hallam & others. Nothing, (Lord J. tells it) spoken of but my speech. Hallam / much taunted that the Whigs were only Puritans. Defended the Whigs very much. &c &c Sergeant Murphy told Eaton that it was the most brilliant speech he ever heard; nothing but epigrams. According to Smythe, "he did not know how any sentence wd. end or what wd. come next[.]" Ld. Mahon followed me into a corner / with outstretched hand to congratulate on a speech with wh: he cd. not on many points agree, but wh: was unquestionably one of the ablest ever delivered. His panegyric was unqualified. Sterling had read all the debates, & there was only one speech of a man of genius. His criticism in detail very interesting. The bit about the Secretaries "immortar. Warm / congratul[ati]ons from Col. Baillie; Bayley of Worcester, Grantley Berkeley, Ranelagh, Ferrand, Bob Gore, Sir John Shelley, Scrope, the DeerStalker, (most affectionate) Neville, Gregory[,] Vernon Smith ("brilliant speech["]) Morison (enthusiastic) Hastie & a crowd. The "Examiner" says "with all the fire of Lord Stanley, & more freshness[.]" The Spectator "a most ingenious & amusing speech of the "Young England" schoolf.]" Written at Mary Anne's command for AFTER DINNER / [In MA'S hand: Congratulations from, about Irish Speech I Feb 1844] Col. Baillie - Bayley of Worcester. - Tom Noddy - Milnes' breakfast. - Shelley - Scrope. - Ralph Neville - Eaton. - Boldero [ - ] Ranelagh [ - ] Ferrand [ - ] Bob Gore / Ld. Campbell [ - ] Shiel [sic] - M. O'Ferrall - V. Smith - Morison - Hastie SUNDAY i7th. [sic] Lord Mahon - Sterling - Escott - G. Berkeley

APPENDIX VII

The following is the text of a list in H 5/11/70, "jqa which D has addressed on the cover 'For Mary Anne' and which MA has endorsed 'Ministries to be.' and on the back page '1846 The New Ministry'. A grand Junction Ministry Treasury Earl of Hardwicke, First Lord Sir Edward Sugden Lord High Chanel. Duke of Richmond Lord President Duke of Buccleuch Lord Privy Seal Lord Stanley S.S. Home Dept. Earl of Caernarvon S.S. Foreign Earl of Dalhousie S.S. Colonial Lord George Bentinck Chanc: Excheq: Earl of Haddington Presdt. Board of Control Sir R. Inglis Vice Presdt: Earl of Ellenborough First Lord Adm: Mr D'Israeli Paymaster-Genl. / Duke of Wellington Com: Forces Mr Gladstone Presdt: Board of Trade Mr Hudaon Baring Vice (or Mr Baring) Viscount Canning Ct.[«V] Commssr: Woods &c Mr. Miles Master of The Mint Lord Ashburton Chanc. Duchy Lane. Duke of Newcastle Postmaster Genl: Earl of St Germans Ld. Lt: Ireland Earl of Delawarr Lord Chamberlain Duke of Cleveland Lord Steward Duke of Buckingham Master of The Horse Sir R. Vyvyan Judge Adv. Gen Mr Hudson, Mr Newdegate, Joint Sees Treasy: Lord J. Manners U.S.S. Home Dpt Mr GS. Smythe U.S.S Foreign /

Lord Lyttleton [sic] U.S.S Colonial Dpt Mr Bankes, Mr S OBrien, Mr Colquhoun Sir Howard Douglas, Mr F Scott, Mr Shaw First Sec. Admiralty Secretary at War not assiSned M. Gen. Ordnance Chief Sec. Ireland &c &c &c &c London July n 1846 Brother Protectionists and Conservatives form a compact alliance! unite to expel Lord J. Russell from Office! "Divide et impera" was the maxim device of the Radical Opposition!! "Principiis obsta" adopt as your Motto!! Compensation to the landed Interest.! Conservative. Sir R. Peel, and Sir Jas: Graham Dipt, or Coll. Appointmts.

POLITICAL TUMBLERS.

(note Disraeli balancing Bentinck halfway up the ladder) The Satirist (29 August 1847)

384

APPENDIX VIII

The following are materials in H connected with D'S 184.7 flection campaign in Bucks. A.

[Endorsed by MA: '1847 July / Election Statement I Reasons 7.']

Seven sources of weakness that did not exist in 1837. /

Oppos[iti]on of Lady Bridgewater

2

Oppos[iti]on of the Peelites. I Sir F. Russell I Sir G. Nugent I Wroughton I Freeman of Fawley I Raymond Barker [the names are grouped with a brace]

3

Lord Bucks I probably against /

4.

Defection in Newport District I Mrs. Praed I Hoare of Wavendon [the names are grouped with a brace}

5

The Aylesbury discord

6

Hostile movement from Dropmore I Sir W. Fremantle &c.

7.

Tower & his immediate connections.

[Probably added later:] To this might be added the increased strength of Mr. Cavendish from Mr Tower's resignation: And the Corn Law settled. [H 8/1/0/183] B.

[Not in D'S hand. ] Bucks County Election 1847 I Benjamin Disraeli Esqre. Printing & Advertizing

Printing vizt. Cartwright (Lithographer) 19.10.0 I Odell (Printer) 12.4.4 I Marshall (Aylesbury) 17.2.2 I Cannon (Marlow) 4.7.0 I Anthony (M^rlow) 1.17.6 I King (Wycombe) 7.17.0 I Broadwater (Amersham) 5.10.6 I Curtis (Newport) 9.3.6 I Wigley (Winslow) 3.8.0 Collingridge (Olney) 3.15.0 I Chandler (Buckingham) 7.6.8 I Williams (Eton) 4.9.6 I Flint (Leighton) 4.13.9 [sum, carried over to the next page:} Advertizing &c. Daniel (News Agent) 58.11.8 I Bucks Herald 11.17.0 Oxford Herald 9.1.6 I Aylesbury News 7.5.6 I Northampton Herald 4.12.3 Northampton Mercury 4.19.0 I Bedford Times 4.6.0 I Bedford Mercury 4.8.0 I Windsor and Eton Express 5.16.0 I Clerk of the Peace for Registers 5.0.0 Stationery &c. Messengers and Postages Committee Rooms and Tavern Expences I Lovegrove (London) 75.12.11 Bennett (Aylesbury) 62.10.0 I Mr. Swain (Buckingham) i.o.o Coach Hire Road Expences and Sundries Banners, Music, Staves, Men, Chair &c. Mr. William Green as P[er] Account

101.4.11 /

217.1.10 7-I2-9 7.14.1 i39-2.ii 70.11.8 47-3-10

Gratuities Under Sheriff

3-3-° 10.10.0 498.0.1 /

[sum, carried to the next page:] Professional Bills I White (Missenden) 5.5.0 I Ward (Marlow) 27.13.3 Blandy (Wycombe) 26.7.4 I Nash and Son (Wycombe) 60.6.9 ' Smith & Grover (Hemel Hempstead) 24.5.6 I Hayward (Brackley) 21.0.0 Ashfield & Woodman (Leighton) 28.14.7 I Halton (Aylesbury) 62.0.0 Cooch (Newport Pagnel) 27.14.0 I Faithful (Tring) 18.18.0 I Congreve (Stony Stratford) 23.14.0 I Walford (Uxbridge) 29.7.8 I Charsley (Beaconsfield) 36.4.8 I King (Buckingham) 36.7.6 I Long (Windsor) 50.19.3 I Garrard (Olney) 27.16.6 I Holloway (Thame) 29.15.5 i Baynes (Aylesbury) 100.16.4 ' Lucas Powell & Lucas (Newport Pagnel) 210.0.0.

847.16.3 £1345.16.4 [H 8/1/0/184]

C.

[Not in D'S hand. ] List of Influential Persons in the County of Buckingham

Duke Buckingham I Lord Carrington I Lord Boston I Marquis of Chandos I Lady Marianne Alford Bridgewater interest I Honble R. Cavendish I Sir Thos. F. Fremantle Bart I Sir William Clayton Bart I Sir Harry Verney Bart I Sir George Dashwood Bart I Dr. Lee I James W. Du Pre Esq I W. Selby Lowndes Esq I William Lowndes Esq I T.T. Bernard Esq I George Carrington Esq I Rice Richard Clayton Esq I Grenville Pigott Esq I Thos Pears Williams Esq I Robert Harvey Esq I Christopher Tower Esq I Charles Clowes Esq I Col Hanmer I Fredk. Calvert Esq I Chas. R Scott Murray Esq I Chas. Spencer Ricketts Esq I Benjamin Fuller Esq I Matthew Knapp Esq I Thomas R. Barker Esq I Major Bent I H Wykeham Esqre. / Philip Wroughton Esq I J.N. Hibbert Esq I Col: Higginson I Robert Hammond Esq I Benjamin Way Esq I T.T. Drake Esq I Philip Dauncey Esq I John Newman Esq I C.T. Gaskell Esq I John Locke Stratton Esq I R.B. Harvey Esq I W Lowndes Stone Esq I W.F. Farrer Esq I Abraham Darby Esq I Baron Meyer De Rothschild I Sir Anthony Rothschild I W. Backwell Praed Esq I P.O. Pauncefort Duncombe Esq I Revd. Sir Henry Foulis Bart I Revd. Theo: Bouwens I Revd. T. Delves Broughton I Revd. C. Selby Lowndes I Revd. Geo: Chetwode I Revd. Anthony Chester I Revd. John Athawes I Revd. WB. Wroth I Capt. N. Lovett Liscombe Leighton Buzzard I Reginald Walpole Esqe - 9 Sussex Place Hyde Park I Hanslope Park Bucks, Walls Interfest?] I Mrs. Williams - Crawley Grange I Successor to Mr Boswell I Lord Southampton / J.G. Hubbard Esq 24 Princes Gate London I Addington Winslow I George Finch Esq Burleigh on the Hill I Revd. H.A. Uthwatt now owner of Great Linford Estate [H B/i/c/i86] D. [Not in D'S hand. The checkmarks and zeroes which in the MS occur at various points in the entries that are so marked are here all given before the names that are marked. ] [COVER:] 1847 ' County of Bucks I List of influential Electors to whom autograph Letters may be sent I H. Lucas County of Bucks 1847 List of influential Electors to whom autograph Letters may be sent Page in Register 152 180 90 162 66 57&

386

Name Adams Revd Thos Simon Ager William Esqre V Allen Thomas Newland Esqre V Andrewes The Revd Willm Ashfield Edmund Wodley Esqre Athawes Revd John

Place of Abode Great Horwood 50 Great Marlboro' St London (Solicitor) The Vache, Chalfont St Giles Buckingham Aspley Guise Beds Loughton, Stony Stratford

'9

14

Atty George Esqre Aubrey Sir Thos Digby Bart

Little Gaddesden, Herts. Oving House Aylesbury & 16 Green Street /

[on reverse of page:]

The Countess of Bridgewater I Lord Abingdon I

126

22& 127 172 201 141 146

Bailey Joseph Esqre M.P. Baily William James Esqre Barker Thos Raymond Esqre Baron Revd John Samuel Baynes Revd Adam Bent John Esqre (Major) Bernard Thos Tyringham Esqre Bonsey William Esqre Boswell Thos Alexr. Esqre Bouwens Revd Theodore Bateman John Jas Esqre Bracebridge Walter Hy Esqre

154

Beauclerk H.W. Esqre

'97 106 14 140 129

Lord Boston I Lady Hood /

26 Belgrave Sq Shenley House, Stony Stratford Hambledon Brill Adstock, Buckingham Wexham Lodge, Windsor Lower Winchendon, Thame Slough Crawley Grange, Newport Pagnel Stoke Hammond, Fenny Stratford 36 Portland Place Moreville Ho: Sherbourne Warwickshe 61 Chester Square /

[on reverse of page:]

Marquis of Chandos /

172 4 183

Broughton Revd Thos Delves Brown Fredk Esqre MD Bull Revd Henry

48 20& 146 117 117

Carrington George Esqre Chetwode Revd George Chetwode Sir Jno Newdegate Ludford Bart Clayton Rice Richd Esq MP Clayton Sir Wm Robt Bart

166

Cockerton Revd James

Bletchley Fenny Stratford Newbury Berks Lathbury Newport Pagnel Missenden Abbey Chilton, Thame Ansley Hall nr Atherstone Hedgerley Park & n Portman Sq Harleyford, Great Marlow & 79 Gloucester Place Brackley /

[on reverse of page:]

The Earl Howe /

5° 84 170 150

Cooper Sir Astley Paston Bart Cortis John Esqre Cowley John Esqre Crowe Revd Henry

167 167

Clarke Charles Esqre MD Clarke James Esqre MD. Clowes Charles Esqre Curzon The Visct Chester Revd Anthony Chapman Thos Sands Esq

112 121 I78

5°

Gadebridge Hemel Hempstead Amersham Winslow i Pauls Bakehouse Court Drs Commons Finmere, Buckingham Finmere House Buckingham Iver Penn Chicheley, Newport Pagnel Aston Clinton /

[on reverse of page:]

The Earl of Dartmouth / 152 29

*55 40 155

47 31

Dauncey, Philip Esqre Davenport Jno. Marriott, Esq Dayrell Edmd. Fras Esqre Deering, John Peter Esq Delap, James Bogle Esqre De Rothschild The Baron Drake Thos. Tyrwhitt Esqr

Little Horwood 62 St. Giles St. Oxford Lillingston Dayrell, Buckingham The Lee Stoke Park Guildford Surry & 42 Harley Street, Piccadilly Shardeloes Amersham & 29 Belgrave Square

387

100 154 '75 86

Drummond Andrew Mortimer Esqre Drummond Revd Heneage Duncombe Philip D Pauncefort Esqre Du Pre James Esqre

141

Dampier John Esqre Dashwood Geo Hy Esq M.P. Erie The Revd Christopher Eyre The Revd Wm Thos East Sir Geo Clayton East Bart

'37 32 '59 66

[on reverse of page:] The Earl of Orkney I

Lady Grenville South St Grosvenor Sq /

63

Fane John Esqre Farrer W.F. Esqre Finch George Esqre MP FitzMaurice Hon Wm Edwd Fortescue The Hon Matthew Geo Foulis Revd Sir Henry Bart, Francklin John Esqre Freeman Wm Peere Williams Esq Fremantle The Right Hon Sir Thos. Francis Bart Fremantle The Right Hon Sir William Henry Bart Fuller, Benjamin Gilpin Coll Goodhall Revd Jas Josh Gossett Revd Isaac Grove John Esqre Gunning Sir Robt H Bart, Gleed Revd George Hall Charles Esqre Hammond Wm Osmond Esq Hampden Ren Esqre Hanmer Henry Esqr Harcourt Geo Simon Esq Harvey Robert Esqre Hawtrey Revd Edwd Craven DD Henley Josh Warner Esq MP.

91

Hibbert John Nembhard Esqre

122

76&

187

'25

88

'75 2 3 105 32& 32&

94& 4i 2 3 99 121

200 91 154 143 117 65 139

"5 102

178 118 165 206

89 20 192 40 24

'9 i5i&c

76 '52

3i&c i85&

388

The Tile House, Denham & 49 Charing Cross Leckhampstead, Buckingham Great Brickhill Manor Fenny Stratford Wilton Park Beaconsfield & 40 Portland Place / 24 Montague Place Russell Sq West Wycombe Park Hardwicke, Aylesbury Padbury, Buckingham Hall Place nr Maidenhead

o Higgins Thos Chas Esqre

Higginson Coll Hill The Venble Justly Hoare Hy Charles Esqr Hoare Sir Hugh Bart Horwood Edwd Esqre Hughes Revd J.R. Jackson Revd J Marshall Jenney William Esqre Jenks Revd David Jervoise Coll Isham Revd Arthur KerrRevdHJ. Mark King Sir Jno Dashwood Bart, Knapp Matthew Esqre

Wormsley Ho: Stokenchurch Brafield House Olney Burley on the Hill Rutland 4 Chesham St Belgrave Sq 35 South St Grosvenor Sq Great Brickhill Fenny Stratford Dinton, Aylesbury Fawley Court 2 Eaton Place Stanhope St May Fair Chesham / Hockliffe Leighton Buzzard Bromham, Bedford Datchet Penn Horton Northamptonshe Vicarage, Chalfont St. Peter / Weston Colville Lint on Cambridgeshire St. Albans Court Wingham Kent Little Marlow Bear Place, Maidenhead Ankerwyck Ho: Staines Langley Park, Slough Eton College Waterperry Wheatley & George St Westminster Chalfont House Chalfont St. Peter Turvey House Beds Great Marlow Shanklin, Isle of Wight/ Wavendon House & ya St James's Sq. 100 Eaton Sq Aston Clinton Newton Longville Fenny Stratford Bow Brickhill Fenny Stratford Drayton Lodge, Tring Little Gaddesden Herts / Herriard House Basingstoke Hants Weston Turville, Aylesbury Winslow Halton House, Wendover Little Linford House Newport Pagnel /

[on reverse of page:] The Duke of Marlboro' I

Miss Lovett Liscombe House Soulbury /

49 8 55&

Langley Revd Dn Latimer Revd. E W F Litchfield Revd Francis Long Samuel (Coll) Lowndes Edwd Selby Esq Lowndes Revd Chas Selby Lowndes William Esqre Lowndes Wm Selby Esqre Lucas George Esqr Lupton Harry Esqre Mansel John Christr. Esqr Marsham Robt Bullock Esqr LLD Meredith Revd Chas. John Morgan George Esqre

107

Murray Chas Robt Scott Esq

116 116 49 184 8&

Nash John Esqre Nash William Esqre Neeld Jefeft-Jos Esqr MR Newland Robt Esqre Newman John Esqre

'95 7i 185 183 170 163 95& i6g& 189 3o& 207 !

Olney Waddesdon, Aylesbury Farthingoe Northamptonshe Bromley Hill, Kent Winslow North Crawley Chesham Whaddon Hall, Winslow Newport Pagnel Thame, Oxon / Cosgrove Stony Stratford Merton Coll. Oxford Lincoln Coll. Oxford Gadleys Aberdare nr Cardiff, Glamorganshire, Danesfield Marlow & Cavendish Sq. Langley, Slough Langley, Slough 6 Grosvenor Sq Kempston, Bedford Brand's Ho: Hughenden /

[on reverse of page:} Mrs Praed Tyringham / 80 72 2

101

37

8 137 57 204 118 168 41 167 128 i6&c 9 i4i& !55 86&c 208 176 20 28 126

'97

2&C 183 I65

34&c

74

Nugent Genl. Sir George Bart GCB o Nugent The Lord Owen The Revd Edwd Palmer John Esqre Partridge Revd Wm Edwd,

Westhorpe House, Marlow

Lillies St Leonards, Wendover Dorney Court Horsenden House Princes Risborough Twifford, Buckingham Perkins The Revd Wm. Perkins Christopher Esq Twifford Doddershall, Aylesbury / Pigott Geo Grenville W Esq Walton & 77 Wimpole St o Pinfold Charles Esqre University Coll: Oxford Plumtre Revd Dr Westbury, Buckingham Price Benjamin Esqre The Hazels nr. Biggleswade Pym Francis Esqre Radford Revd John DD. Lincoln Coll: Oxford 37 Grosvenor Street Reid Geo Alexr Lieut Coll MP. 2 Hyde Park Terrace Cumberland Gate Ricketts Chas Spencer Esq Aylesbury / Rickford William Esqre Tingewick, Buckingham Risley RevdJ.H. Robarts Abraham George Esqr Sholebrook Lodge Whittlebury Rolfe John Esq Beaconsfield Rose Revd Francis DD. Woughton, Fenny Stratford Rose Right Honble Sir George Henry Bart., Sand Hills Christchurch Hants Creslow, Aylesbury Rowland Richard Esqre Russell Sir Robt Frankland Bart 15 Cavendish Sq. / Scobell Revd Edward Turville & 14 Blandford St Marylebone Shenley Stony Stratford Scurr Revd Robt William Broughton House Aylesbury Senior Jas Trevor Esqre Bedford Sq. Shedden George Esqr Sheppard Sir Thos Cotton Bart Thornton & Crake Marsh Hall Uttoxete.r Sylvester Revd Thos Buckingham Smith Abel Esqre MP. 39 Berkeley Sq.

389

140 '59 44 164

3&c 162

74 206 10. "3178 i77&c

59 '95 10 H9 185 146 124

Smith Revd. Edwd Langdale Smith Revd Loraine Loraine Stone John Esqr Stone Wm Fras Lowndes Esqr Sutton Robert Esqre Taylor Richard Esqre Thornton Revd Spencer Throckmorton Sir Robt George Bart, Tindal Thomas Esqre o Tower Christr Thos Esqre o Townsend Revd Saml Thos Trower Hy Snaith Esqre Turner Saml. Esqre Talbot Revd Jas Hale Uhthoff Revd Henry Uthwatt Revd Eusebius Andrewes Uthwatt Hy Andrewes Esq Verney Sir Harry Bart. Vyse Major Genl Howard

Chetwode Bicester Passenham Stony Stratford The Prebendal House Thame Baldwins, Brightwell Tetsworth Oxon Rossway North Church Herts Bedfont Middx The Vicarage, Wendover Buckland Berks / Aylesbury Weald Hall Essex Chichley Castle Thorpe Stony Stratford 9 Grays Inn Sq. Newton Blossomville / Huntingfield Suffolk Maidsmoreton Buckingham Great Linford Newport Pagnel Claydon House, Winslow Stoke Place Slough /

[on reverse of page:] The Lady Wenman Thame Park /

54 "9

62&C. 47&c

198 '31 114 in. 40 log&c 57

Watson Lieut Genl. Sir James K.C.B. Wethered Owen Esqre. Weller Edward Esqre. Whinfield Revd Hy Wrey Williams Revd Jno Chas, Wilson Sir Giffin Worley Hy Thos Esqre. Wroughton Philip Esqre. Wykeham Philip Thos Herbert Esqre. Williams Thos Peers Esq MP. Young Revd Edwd. Newton

Wendover Great Marlow Amersham Tulgrave, Newport Pagnel Sherington Newport Pagnel 2 Stratford Place Dromonagh Lodge Tver Heath Ibstone House Tythrope House Kingsey / Temple House Marlow & 41 Berkeley Square Quainton Aylesbury [H 8/1/0/187]

E.

[Not in D'S hand.]

Lord Boston - nothing Lord Buckinghamshire - Yes - No Henry Smith - Yes - Yes — Buckingham Sir Harry Verney - No — Claydon House Dupre the Elder - Neutral Yes - - Wilton Park Mr. Newman - Yes - Yes - Brands House Mr. Drake - Neutral Yes — Shardaloes Lowndes of Whaddon - No - - Whaddon Caledon Dupre - Yes — Stonedean Mr. Fitzmaurice - Yes Mr. Farrer - Yes - Yes. - Brafield Mr. Carrington - Yes - Missenden Abbey Revd. Mr. Partridge - Yes - Yes - Horsende Raymond Barker - Yes - Hambledon Acton Tindal - Yes - Aylesbury Chrisr Tower - neutral. Huntsmore Park Mr. Dering - Yes - Yes - The L John Rolfe - Yes - Yes - Beaconsfiel Revd. Geo: Chetwode - Yes - Yes - Chilton Rev. G. Hawtrey - Yes - Eton Coll: Coll. Vyse - Yes - Yes. - Stoke Mr. Lowndes Stone - Yes - Yes. Brightwell Park Philip Box - Yes -

390

Mrs. Praed - uncertain - Tyringham Sr. Geo. Warrender - Yes - Cliefden Captn. Prescott - Yes Aston Clinton Sr. Thos. Freemantle - neutral Mr. Horwood - neutral Aston Clinton Duke of Marlboro' - Yes - Blenheim Sr. Thos. Cotton Shepperd - No Abel Smith - Yes. Yes. Wendover Mr. Jenney - Yes - Drayton Lodge Mr. Nash - Yes. Yes. Langley Revd. Loraine Smith - Yes. Yes. Stoney Stratford Mr. Sutton - Yes. Yes. Rosswa Edmund Greaves - Yes Newport Pagnell Scott Murray - Yes - Yes - Danesfie. Col Reid (Mr. Cookesley) Yes - Bulstrode / Mr. Fuller - Yes - Hyde House G.S. Harcourt - neutral - Ankerwyke House Captn Major Bent. - Yes - Slough Sr. Henry Foulis - Yes T.P. Williams - Yes - Marlow Revd. Mr. Chester - Yes. Yes Chicheley Hall Rice Clayton - Yes - Hedgerley Park Geo: Lucas - Yes Yes - Newport Pagnell Mr. Robins - Yes Grenville Pigott - No Lord Orkney - Yes - Taplow Court Lady Wenman - Yes - Thame Park Revd. J.C. Williams - uncertain - Sherington Pauncefort Buncombe - uncertain Sr. John Dashwood - Yes - Halton Mr. Harvey - Yes - Black Park Mr. Mundy M.P. - Yes J. Champion - Yes [the remaining Jive names are in MA'S hand and spelling:]

Lady Bridgwater Yes Sir George Rose Yes Mr Lowned of Yes Chesham Mr Bartlett Yes / Lowns Stone /

to June iath

[ The names designated with * * have been crossed out in the manuscript. ]

Buckinghamshire 1847 2 The Revd. Edwd. Owen - St. Leonards Astin Clinton 2 *Robt Sutton Esqr* * Rossway* Northchurch Herts Sir Astley Paston Cooper Bart - Gadebridge Hemel Hempstead *Caledon Geo. Dupre Esqr MP* Stone deane Chalfont St. Giles i *The Rt Hon. Sir Thos* *Fras Fremantle, Bart* Swanbourne Bucks i Sir Geo. Nugent Bart G.C.B. Westhrop House Marlow 1 *Wm. Pickford Esqre* Aylesbury 2 The Revd. H. Uhthoff- Huntingfield Suffolk 1 *Sir Thos. Digby Aubrey Bart* - Oving House - Bucks 2 *Chas. Spencer Ricketts Esqre.* 4 Hyde Park Terrace 2 *Lord Geo. Aug. Fred Villiers* Middleton Stoney Oxon 2 The Revd. David Jenks Little Gadsden Herts 1 * Thos. Tyringham Bernard Esq* Lower Winchendon 2 The Revd. W.B. Wroth - Edlesborough - Dunstable / 2 *Sir Robt Frankland Russell Bart* Chequers Court Ellesborough 2 *The Lady Wenman* - Thame Park Oxon 1 * Sir John Dashwood King Bart* - Halton House Aylesbury 2 *The Rt Hon. Sir Wm. Fremantle Bart* Engleneld Green and Stanhope St. May Fair

391

2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 i i i i 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 i 1 2 i 1 2 2 i 1 2 i i 1 2 1 2 i i

392

*The Lord Norreys* Wytham Oxon *The Revd. W.E. Partridge* Horsenden House Princes Risboro' * Philip Herb Thos. Wykharn* Tythrope House Kingsey *John Peter Bering Esqr x* The Lee Aylesbury The Baron Meyer De Rothschild* *Geo. Carrington Esqre x* Missenden Abbey The Hon. & Revd. George Neville Grenville Dean of Windsor *Thos. Tyrwhitt Drake Esqre x* Shardeloes Amersham Sir Jas. Watson K.C.B. Wendover *Col. Gilpin* - x Hockliffe Beds G.R. Morgan Esqre Gadleys Aberdare Glamorgan *W.S. Jenny Esqre. Drayton Lodge Tring* - / *The Revd. Henry Wrey Whinfield* Filgrave Rectory Newport Pagnel *Chas Pinfold Esqre.* 77 Wimpole Street *Mrs. Praed* 14 Portman Square *Lady Hood * *The Revd. George Chetwode* Chilton - Thame *Chas. Compton Cavendish qy *The Countess of Bridgewater* *The Lady Grenville* *The Earl of Orkney* * Leader qy.?* *Lee qy.* / *The Hon W.E. Fitzmaurice* x 4 Chesham St. *The Lord Carrington* x *Geo Simon Harcourt x Esqre* Ankerwyke House *Sir Harry Verney Bart* Middle Clayden Chas Hall Esqre Weston Colville Linton Camb. *Edwd. Fras. Dayrell Esqr Lillingston Dayrell* Jas. Bogle Delap Esqre Stoke Park Guildford Surrey *Abm Wilday Robarts Esqre* 26 Hill St. Berkeley Sq. *Abm. Geo. Robarts Esqre.* Sholebrook Lodge Whittlebury Northamptonshire *The Revd. L Loraine Smith* Passenham Stony Stratford *Wm. Fras. Lowndes Stone Esqre* Baldwins Brightwell Oxon *Sir Thos. Cotton Sheppard Bart* Crakemarsh Hall Uttoxeter *Wm. Selby Lowndes Esqre.* Whaddon Hall Winslow *Thos. Alexr. Boswell Esqre* Crawley Grange Newport Pagnel * Philip Duncombe x Pauncefort Duncombe Esqre* Brickhill Manor Fenny Stratford / *The Revd. Sir Henry Foulis Bart* Great Brickhill Fenny Stratford *The Rt. Hon. Sir Geo. Heny Rose Bart* Sand Hills Christchurch *The Revd. Anthy Chester Chicheley Hall Newport Pagnel* *Thos. Chas. Higgins Esqre* Turvey House Beds *W.J. Farrer Esqre* Brafield House Olney *Geo. Sheddon Esqre Bedford Square* Col. Long Bromley Hill Kent * Henry Andrewes Uthwatt Esqre* Great Linford Newport Pagnel *Matthew Knapp Esqre Little Linford House Newport Pagnel* Geo. Finch Esqre. MP Burley on the Hill Rutland The Earl of Dartmouth W.J. Bailey Esqre Shenley House Stony Stratford *Chas. Henry Hoare Esqre Wavendon House Newport Pagnel* Sir Robt Gunning Bart Horton Northampton / The Revd. John Athawes Loughton Fenny Stratford *Geo. Granville Pigott Esqre* Doddershall Aylesbury *The Revd. Ed. Newton Young Quainton* Aylesbury Jos: Warner x Henley Esqre. M.P.* Waterperry Oxon & George Street Westmr. * Henry Hanmer Esqre* Bear Place Maidenhead *Sir Geo. East Clayton East Bart* Hull Place Maidenhead *The Lord Nugent* Lillies Aylesbury *John Newman Esqre* Brands House Hughenden

1 2 1 2 i i i 1 2 i i i 1 2 i i i 1 2 2 2 i i i

*Abel Smith Esqre M.P.* 39 Berkeley Street The Revd Spencer Thornton Vicarage House Wendover *Jas. Dupre Esqre* x Beaconsfield & 40 Portland Place *Sir Hugh R Hoare Bart* Lillingston Lovell *John Nembhard Hibbert Esqre* Chalfont House *Benj: Fuller Esqre* x Chesham *William Lowndes x Esqre* Chesham *The Revd. Dr. Hawtrey* x Eton College / *William Peere Williams Freeman Esqr* Fawley Court Maidenhead *Thos. Raymond Barker x Esqre* Hambleden *Chas. Robt. Scott Murray Esqre* Danesfield Marlow *Rice Richd Clayton Esqr MP Hedgerley Park* *Thos Peers Williams Esqre MP* Temple House Maidenhead *Philip Wroughton Esqre* Ibstone House *Christ. Thos. Tower Esqre* Weald Hall Essex *Christ. Tower Esqre MP* Huntsmoor Park Iver *Sir Wm. R Clayton Bart* Harleyford Marlow *Col: Higginson* Marlow The Earl Howe The Visct. Curzon *John Fane Esqre* Wormsley House Stokenchurch *Col: R.W.H. Howard Vyse x* Stoke Place *The Earl of Orkney* *The Lord Boston*

[H 8/1/0/189]

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APPENDIX IX

PUBLISHED OCCASIONAL PIECES 1842-1847 [i]

Eden and Lebanon. I By B. Disraeli, Esq. M.P.

I found myself high among the mountains, and yet amid a series of green slopes. All around me sparkled with cultivation, - vineyards, gardens, groves of young mulberry-trees, clustering groups of the sycamore and the walnut. Falling around, the cascades glittered in the sun, until, reaching the bottom of the winding valley, they mingled with the waters of a rivulet that glided through a glade of singular vividness. On the broad bosom of a sunny hill, behind which rose a pyramid of bare rock, was a most beautiful village: the flat cottages with terraced roofs, shaded by spreading trees, and surrounded by fruit and flowers. A cerulean sky above; the breath of an infinite variety of fragrant herbs around; a land of silk and wine; every where the hum of bees and the murmur of falling streams; while, on the undulating down, a band of beauteous children were frolicking with the kids. The name of this village, the fairest spot in the region of Lebanon, is EDEN, which, rendered from the Arabic into the English tongue, means a "Dwelling of Delight." I ascended the peak that overhung this village. I beheld ridges of mountains succeeding each other in proportionate pre-eminence, until the range of the eternal glaciers, with their lustrous cones, flashed in the Syrian sun. I descended into deep and solemn valleys, skirted the edges of rocky precipices, and toiled over the savage monotony of the dreary table-land. At length, on the brow of a mountain, I observed the fragments of a gloomy forest - cedar, and pine, and cypress. The wind moaning through its ancient avenues and the hoarse roar of a cataract were the only sounds that greeted me. In the front was a scanty group of gigantic trees, that seemed the relics of some pre-Adamite grove. Their grey and massive trunks, each of which must have been more than twelve yards in girth, were as if quite dead; while, about twenty feet from the ground, they divided into five or six huge limbs, each equal to a single tree, but all, as it were, lifeless amid their apparent power. Bare of all foliage, save on their ancient crests, - black, blasted, riven, - and surrounded by deep snows, behold the trees that built the palaces of Solomon! When I recalled the scene from which I had recently parted, and contrasted it with the spectacle before me, it seemed that I had quitted the innocence and infancy of Nature, to gaze on its old age - of exhausted passions and desolate neglect. [Book of Beauty (1842) 220-1] [2]

The Midland Ocean. I By B. Disraeli, Esq., M.P.

As the beautiful sex are now frequent mariners on those celebrated waters, which the ancients styled the Great Sea, and which, notwithstanding the vast discoveries of modern science, are fast reassuming, in geographical influence, much of their past importance, we may, perhaps, dwell for a moment on scenes with which some of our fair pilgrims are familiar, and which others of them are about to visit. The Mediterranean Sea opens a communication between the Atlantic and the finest countries in the world. The most valuable ports of Spain, the southern coast of France, the double Italian shore, Greece, the Lesser Asia, Syria, Egypt, and Mauritania, - these form its memorable limits; rich in natural beauty, in historic associations, in monuments of art, and in poetic legend. Nor are its islands less important than its continental territories. With the exception of our own united kingdoms, Sicily is the most considerable European isle. Crete and Cyprus rank also in the

highest class. We must not forget the Balearic Isles; nor Sardinia, that confers a crown; Corsica, which sent forth at the end of the last century a volition that vanquished the world; and Elba, in sight of the same isle, that received, five-and-twenty years after, that same will, exhausted, like a spent ball at the end of a long fight [sic]. But the struggles of modern ages are forgotten amid the Archipelago that marshalled its chieftains to beleaguer Troy. The Isles of Greece, gleaming in the waves, the seats of gods and muses, touch the eternal sympathies of man. From the Straits of Gibraltar to the coast of Palestine is a distance of two thousand three hundred miles, and in this expanse the varying breadth of the Mediterranean Sea is from three to nine hundred miles. Its usual depth is one thousand fathoms; but where it washes the base of lofty mountains, as the Pyrenees and Alps, its profundity is much increased. Describing it generally, the Mediterranean Sea is formed of two basins of unequal size. The first terminates at Cape Bon and the Straits of Messina; the second, or inner basin, which is twice the area of the first, extends from Sicily and Tunis to the Syrian and Egyptian shores, and expands, on the north, into two celebrated waters, the Adriatic and the Grecian Archipelago. The Nile and the Danube, the Boristhenes and the Po, the Rhone and the Ebro, pour forth their fresh waters into this sea, which is nevertheless as saline as the ocean, so vast is the influence of the Atlantic stream perpetually pouring in through the Straits of Gibraltar. It vanquishes the original creators of this inland sea; the snows of Abyssinia, the Alpine glaciers, and the lofty tribute of Atlas and the Caucasus. A volcanic character pervades these waters. The Grecian Archipelago evidently rose from the ocean like Aphrodite. Ten years ago, or more, the writer of this page witnessed near Malta a birth of this marvellous character. An island suddenly sprang from the ocean, and celebrated its nativity by a volcanic eruption. The lava continued to increase the dimensions of the territory, and after a few months of continual aggrandisement, just when one thought it might have formed a kingdom for a future Ulysses, it vanished in the night, and may be still found, I suppose, at the bottom of the Mediterranean, with a beautiful nymph, perhaps, sitting in safety on its extinguished crater. Numerous volcanic isles, indeed, are scattered over this sea, as the Lipari, for example, and all of them connected with those subterranean fires that rise from Etna and Vesuvius, and have placed on the shores of the Mediterranean the two most celebrated volcanoes in the world. The climate of the Mediterranean region is, in general, very healthy and agreeable, though infested with a wind which, blowing in different countries, under different names, and modified in its character by various circumstances, still acquires the noxious character, which it partially retains, from the same cause - its passage over the Desert. Solano in Spain, and Sirocco in Italy; Kamsin in Egypt; Samiel, or Simoom, in the Syrian or Arabian wilderness, - it seemed to me that in all these countries I recognised an old acquaintance, perhaps that easterly wind that so modified, and comparatively so harmless in England, affords us such endless complaints and conversation. But feel its demoniac blast in Upper Egypt: Moloch breathes over his furnace; the elasticity of the air is suspended; lassitude falls upon the frame; the atmosphere is pervaded with a purple tinge; at the first city at which you arrive you hear the plague has just broken out. But, with the exception of March and April, Egypt is a healthy clime. Notwithstanding the fervour of the atmosphere, there is ever a friendly breeze on the river, travelling from the Mountains of the Moon to visit the Pyramids. In Syria we find all climates, and at the same period. The clime is, indeed, as various as the formation of the country. In the plains is often experienced that intense heat so fatal to the Crusaders: yet the snow that seldom falls on the level ground, or falls only to vanish, rests upon the heights of Libanus; and in the higher lands it is not difficult at all times to discover the temperature you desire. A Syrian spring, when the renovating rains have just ceased, realises Eden; and on the whole, the air of Lebanon doubtless retains somewhat of that quality that conferred, in the good old days, patriarchal years. But for a residence, easy of access, unrivalled for the purity of its air, and rich in every sight and thought that can charm and soften life, there is no spot comparable with Attica. Amid its olive groves and quarries of white marble, the nightingale of Euripides still trills in the clear, balmy atmosphere. At all seasons, the magical tint of Autumn colours, with its mellow hue, this delicate and pensive land. Yet what contrasts do the shores of the Midland Ocean afford to the classic purity of Greece: all the pomp of the Ottomans, all the mysteries of Egypt; the savage romance of Andalusia, the bright invention of feudal Italy; Jerusalem and Rome, the cradle of all religions, the conqueror of all empires! Beautiful lands! Waters of translucent light! To behold ye for the first time is an epoch in all lives. Who can forget when he first gazed upon a palm-tree - when he first watched the gambols of the dolphin that saved Arion? [Book of Beauty (1843) ^9"93]

395

[3] There are two MS versions of the following poem signed by D, in QUA 77 and in H B/xxi/B/foj. We have used the latter. The poem was probably written just before the death in 1845 °f f^e subject, Isabella Fairlie, and not then published for that reason. It was subsequently published in R.R. Madden The Literary Life and Correspondence of the Countess of Blessington (1855) 1481-2. According to Monypenny's notes, the poem was at one time attached to Lady Blessington's letter of 21 July i8yj (see M&B ii 6^gns), although she says nothing which specifically identifies the lines in question. H H/Life of Disraeli [unnumbered]. 'To a beautiful Mute, the eldest child of Mrs. Fairlie.' Tell me the Star from which she fell, Oh! name the flower From out whose wild & perfumed bell, At witching hour, Sprang forth this fair & fairy maiden, Like a bee with honey laden. They say that those sweet lips of thine Breathe not to speak; Thy very ears that seem so fine No sound can seek. And yet thy face beams with Emotion Restless as the waves of ocean. 'Tis well: thy fate & form agree And both are fair; I would not that this child should be As others are; I love to mark her in derision, Smiling with Seraphic vision, At our poor gifts of vulgar sense That cannot stain Nor mar her mystic innocence Nor cloud her brain With all the dreams of worldly folly And its creature - melancholy. To thee I dedicate these lines Yet read them not Cursed be the art that e'er refines Thy natural lot; Read the bright stars, & read the flowers And hold converse with the bowers. B Disraeli. [4]

[H B/xxi/B/6a3]

Fantasia. I By the Author of "Coningsby." i.

'Tis a scene of perpetual moonlight; never ceasing serenades; groups of gliding revellers; gardens, fountains, palaces! There are four green vistas, and from each vista comes forth a damsel; each damsel in white raiment, each with a masque, fashioned and glittering like a star. They meet and curtsey to the moon. "O! Lady Artemis," the thrilling voices cried, "O! Lady Artemis, Endymion slumbers in thy bower; but why are we alone?" There are four bright statues, bright heroic statues, mounted on emerald pedestals, around the plot where the star-faced ladies sing. "O! Lady Artemis, why are we alone?" Lo! each statue from its pedestal leaps upon the earth; bends before a maiden, extends to her his hand, and leads her with stately grace. Nymphs and heroes dance together. Yes! 'tis a scene of perpetual moonlight; never ceasing serenades; groups of gliding revellers; gardens, fountains, palaces!

396

II. A thousand bright-eyed pages, swinging baskets full of flowers, flit about in all directions, and present each shadowy reveller with a lily; asking and responding all the time in chorus. "What is night like?" "Like a lily." "What is morn like?" "Like a rose." "Yes! night is like a lily, and morning like a rose." Oh! 'tis a scene of perpetual moonlight; never ceasing serenades; groups of gliding revellers; gardens, fountains, palaces! HI.

It was a grove remote from the noisier part of the fantastic demesne; the music so distant that it was almost overpowered by the gentle voice of the fountain, by the side of which a hero whispered to one of the star-faced maidens. "My heart is tender, my voice is hushed, my thoughts are wild and beautiful as the twilight. It is the hour of love!" The maiden slowly removed her starry masque, and exhibited the crested head of a splendid serpent. Its eyes glittered with prismatic fire, and its tongue of blue and arrowy flame played between its delicate and ebon jaws. "You are alarmed?" said the serpent. "Only fascinated," said the hero. "Yet yours is the common lot of premature passion," said the serpent; "you have fallen in love with a masque, and obtained a monster." The hero, to cover his confusion, placed the masque to his face, but in a moment, an almost rude grasp tore the covering from his countenance. "A maid of honour of Queen Artemis is missing," said a lusty Faun, "and you are found with her masque." "But a masque is not a maid," expostulated the hero. "That depends upon circumstances," said the Faun. "Hark! her Majesty passes. We must follow." They emerged from the grove. The advanced guard of the procession was passing over the lawn; bands of youth blowing silver horns, their long hair dishevelled, or their tresses braided with lilies. Strange riders on white horses followed them, bearing mystic banners. A wild, yet subdued chorus, a clash of cymbals, and a chariot drawn by an extatic [sic] troop of nymphs and satyrs. Upon its lofty throne was a regal form, her melancholy beauty like the setting moon. As the chariot passed, the countless windows of the palaces were illumined by a bright blue flame, and tongues of pallid fire rose from the roofs - like the tongue of the maid of honour. The route has passed; the tinkle of the guitars is again heard, and in the fair and undisturbed light, groups of dancers with twinkling yet soundless feet seem to sail over the ground. All is mystery; and so is Life. Whither do they go? And where do we? Yet it was a scene of perpetual moonlight, never ceasing serenades; groups of gliding revellers; gardens, fountains, palaces! [The Keepsake (1845) l^3'5\ [5]

Shoubra. I By B. Disraeli, Esq., M.P.

Oriental palaces, except perhaps in the great Indian peninsula, do not realise the dreams and glittering visions of the Arabian Nights, or indeed the authentic histories written in the flush and fullness of the success of the children of the Desart [sic], the Tartar and the Saracen. Commerce once followed in the train of the conquerors of Asia, and the vast buildings which they hastily threw up of slight and perishing materials, were filled, not only with the plunder of the East, but furnished with all the productions of art and curious luxury, which the adventurous spirit of man brought from every quarter of the globe to Samarcand and Bagdad. The site of these mighty capitals is almost erased from the map of the modern traveller; but tribute and traffic have also ceased to sustain even the dilapidated serail of the once omnipotent Stamboul, and, until very recently, all that remained of the splendour of the Caliphs of Egypt was the vast necropolis, which still contains their palatian sepulchres. How the bold Roumelian peasant who in our days has placed himself on the ancient throne of the Pharaohs and the Ptolemies, as Napoleon on the seat of the Merovingian kings, usurping political power by military prowess; how he lodged and contented himself in the valley of the Nile; was not altogether an uninteresting speculation; and it was with no common curiosity that some fifteen years ago, before he had conquered Syria and scared Constantinople, I made one morning a visit to Shoubra, the palace of Mehemet Ali.

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Nothing can be conceived more animated and picturesque than Cairo during the early morning or at night. It seems the most bustling and populous city in the world. The narrow streets, abounding with bazaars, present the appearance of a mob, through which troops of richly dressed cavaliers force with difficulty their prancing way, arrested often in their course by the procession of a harem returning from the bath, the women enveloped in inscrutable black garments, and veils and masks of white linen, and borne along by the prettiest donkeys in the world. The attendant eunuchs beat back the multitude; even the swaggering horsemen, with their golden and scarlet jackets, rich shawls and scarfs, and shining arms, trampling on those around, succeed in drawing aside; but all efforts are vain, for at the turning of the street appears the first still solemn visage of a long string of tall camels bearing provisions to the citadel, a Nubian astride on the neck of the leader, and beating a wild drum, to apprise the people of his approach. The streets, too, in which these scenes occur are in themselves full of variety and architectural beauty. The houses are lofty and latticed, abounding in balconies; fountains are frequent and vast and richly adorned as Gothic shrines; sometimes the fortified palace of one of the old Mamlouks, now inhabited by a pacha, still oftener the exquisite shape of an Arabian mosque. The temples of Stamboul cannot vie with the fanes of Cairo. Their delicate domes and airy cupolas, their lofty minarets covered with tracery, and the flowing fancy of their arabesques, recalled to me the glories of the Alhambra, and the fantastic grace of the Alcazars and shrines of Seville and Cordova. At night the illuminated coffee-houses, the streaming population, each carrying a lantern, in an atmosphere warmer and softer than our conservatories, and all the innocent amusements of an outdoor life - the Nubian song, the Arabian tale, the Syrian magic - afford a different, but not less delightful scene. It was many hours before noon, however, that I made my first visit to Shoubra, the sky as cloudless as it remained during the whole six months I was in Egypt, during which time I have no recollection that we were favoured by a single drop of rain; and yet the ever-living breeze on the great river, and the excellent irrigation of the earth, produce a freshness in the sky and soil, which are missed in other Levantine regions, where there is more variety of the seasons. Shoubra is about four or five miles from the metropolis; it rises on the banks of the Nile, and the road to it from Cairo is a broad but shady avenue, formed of sycamores, of a noble growth and colour; on one side delightful glimpses of the river, with its palmy banks and sparkling villages, and on the other, after a certain tract of vivid vegetation, the golden sands of the desert, and the shifting hillocks which it forms; or, perhaps, the grey peaks of some chain of pyramids. The palace of Shoubra is a pile of long low buildings looking to the river - moderate in its character, and modest in its appointments; but clean, orderly, and in a state of complete repair; and if we may use such an epithet with reference to oriental life, comfortable. It possesses all the refined conveniences of European manners, of which the pacha at the time I am referring to, was extremely proud. Most of these had been the recent gift of the French government, and his highness occasionally amused his guests - some scheik from Arabia, or some emir from the Lebanon - by the exhibition of some scientific means of domestic accommodation, with which use has made us familiar, but which I was assured had sensibly impressed the magnates of the desart [sic] and the mountain with the progress of modern civilization. The gardens of Shoubra, however, are vast, fanciful, and kept in admirable order. They appeared to me in their character also entirely oriental. You enter them by long, low, winding walks of impenetrable shade; you emerge upon an open ground sparkling with roses, arranged in beds of artificial forms, and leading to gilded pavilions and painted kiosks. Arched walks of orange trees, with the fruit and the flowers hanging over your head, lead again to fountains, or to some other gardencourt, where myrtles border beds of tulips, and you wander on mosaic walks of polished pebbles. A vase flashes amid a group of dark cypresses, and you are invited to repose under a Syrian walnut tree by a couch or a summer-house. The most striking picture, however, of this charming retreat is a lake surrounded by light cloisters of white marble, and in its centre a fountain of crocodiles, carved in the same material. That material as well as the art, however, are European. It was Carrara that gave the pure and glittering blocks, and the Tuscan chisel called them into life. It is a pity that the honourable board of directors, in their recent offering of the silver fountain to the pacha, had not been aware of the precedent thus afforded by his highness's own creation for the introduction of living forms into moslem sculpture and carving. They might have varied their huge present with advantage. Indeed, with the crocodile and the palm-tree, surely something more beautiful and not less characteristic, than their metallic mausoleum, might easily have been devised. This marble pavilion at Shoubra, indeed, with its graceful terraced peristyles, its chambers and divans, the bright waters beneath, with their painted boats, wherein the ladies of the harem chase

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the gleaming shoals of gold and silver fish, is a scene worthy of a sultan; but my attendant, a Greek employed in the garden, told me I ought to view it on some high festival and crowded by the court in their rich costumes, to appreciate all its impressive beauty. This was a scene not reserved for me, yet my first visit to Shoubra closed with an incident not immemorable. I had quitted the marble pavilion and was about to visit the wilderness where roam, in apparent liberty, many rare animals, when I came, somewhat suddenly, on a small circular plot into which several walks emptied, cut through a thick hedge of myrtle. By a sun-dial stood a little man, robust, though aged, rather stout, and of a very cheerful countenance; his attire plain and simple, a pelisse of dark silk, and a turban white as his snowy beard; he was in merry conversation with his companion, who turned out to be his jester. In the back ground, against the myrtle wall, stood three or four courtiers in rich dresses - courtiers, for the little old man was their princely master - the great Pacha of Egypt. [The Keepsake (1846) 30-4]

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APPENDIX X

The following document (H A/V/D/S) is attached to an indenture for a total of £2,871 between D and G.S. Ford dated 16 March 1842 and stamped 18 March 1842 (H A/V/D/I). It is endorsed on the cover: 'Dated i6th: March 1842 I Benjn. Disraeli Esqre. I to I Geo: Saml. Ford Esqre. I Assignment of Furniture &c. in a Mansion House at Grosvenor Gate by way of Mortgage I G.S. Ford I 8 Henrietta Street I Covent Garden I Signed sealed and delivered by the within named Benjamin Disraeli and possession of the within mentioned goods chattels and effects delivered to William Augustus Ford the Agent duly authorized by the said George Samuel Ford to receive the same by the said Benjamin Disraeli delivering to him a chair in the name of all the said Goods in the presence of I [signed] Wm. Wheeler I Grosvenor Gate'. THE SCHEDULE above referred to: ATTIC STORY FURTHER ROOM WEST. A 3 feet Stump Bedstead. A 3 feet Feather Bed Bolster and Pillow. Three Blankets and a coloured Counterpane. A 3 feet o wainscot chest of five drawers. Two Rush Seat Chairs. A window Curtain and Rod. ROOM OVER THE BOW. A 4 feet 6 Half Tester Bedstead and printed Cotton Furniture. A 4 feet 6 Feather Bed Bolster and Pillow. Three Blankets and a white Cotton Counterpane. A 3 feet 3 wainscot Chest of five Drawers. A Deal Table with Drawer. A Tray Stand Dressing Glass. Plate 15 by 12 inches. Five chairs and a piece of Carpet. A Japanned Wash stand and fittings. MIDDLE ROOM. A 4 feet 6 Half Tester Bedstead with striped Manchester Furniture. A 4 feet 6 Feather Bed Bolster and Pillow. Three Blankets and a coloured counterpane. A 3 feet 6 wainscot Chest of five Drawers. A Chair a piece of Carpet and a window curtain. SOUTHERN ROOM. A 4 feet 6 Half Tester Bedstead with Manchester Furniture. A 4 feet 6 Feather Bed Bolster and Pillow. Three Blankets and a white Cotton Counterpane. A 3 feet 6 wainscot Chest of five Drawers. A ditto ditto. Two cotton curtains and valence to windows. Four Rush seat chairs. Painted wash stand and fittings. A deal Table with Drawer. A fender and three pieces of Carpet. STORE ROOMS. An Ebonized Picture Case with folding Doors. A ditto ditto. Two cushions stuffed with hair. A Japanned Night shade. A Basket Grate. An Imperial in two parts. A Rosewood reading Stand A Half Tester Bedstead. A Hair Trunk. A Leather Ditto. A Ditto Ditto. A brass cornice. Rod Rings and sundry mouldings. A Harp String Case. Two Carriage Rugs. Five waterproof Canvass covers for Trunks and two ditto for an Imperial. Two dozen and a half of Iron Stair Rods. THIRD FLOOR SOUTH BED CHAMBER. A painted Iro. Fender and a Set of Fire Irons. A Venetian Carpet planned to the Room 46 yards. A worsted Hearth Rug. A five feet 6 Japanned French Bedstead on Castors with a circular canopy lath and cornice supported by Iron Standards and a lined Chintz Furniture with Drapery to ditto. A Palliasse to ditto. A 5 feet 6 wool mattress in white Holland Case. A 5 feet 6 bordered Goose Feather Bed in linen Tick Bolster and two Down Pillows. A pair of 12 quarter Witney Blankets and an under ditto. A 12 quarter Marseilles Quilt. Two sets of lined Chintz Curtains to windows / with Brass Rods and painted Cornices. A Japanned winged Wardrobe with seven drawers in the centre and closets at the ends one with three drawers and the other with a clothes Bin and Shelves. A Japanned Dressing Table with two drawers. A circular headed Japanned Toilette Glass Plate 24 by 20 inches. A Japanned Wash Table with two sets of Blue and White Fittings Water carafe and Tumbler. A mahogany Towel Horse. Five Japanned Cane seat Chairs. A Japanned Night Chair with convenience and a cushion with Cotton Case. A mahogany Bidet and Pan. A 4 feet 3 Mahogany circular Table on a pillar and block. A Japanned Coal scuttle and hearth brush. ROOM ADJOINING. A pierced Iron Fender. A Venetian carpet planned 24 yards. A wainscot Travelling Case. BOW FRONTED CHAMBER WEST. A pierced Iron Fender Set of Fire Iron and a wire guard. A Brussels Carpet planned 42 yards. A Hearth Rug. A Deal Toilette Table. A 3 feet 6 Japanned Chest of 5 Drawers. A 3 feet 2 Mahogany circular Table on pillar and block. Six mahogany

Chairs with cane seats. A mahogany Towel Horse. Two sets of Blue and White Washstand Fittings. Decanter and Glass. SMALL BED ROOM ADJOINING. A 3 feet 6 Japanned French Bedstead on Castors with a Canopy Tester and Brass Rod and a lined cotton Furniture to ditto. A 3 feet 6 Horse hair Mattress in tick. A 3 feet 6 wool Mattress in a white Holland case. A 3 feet 6 Goose Feather Bed Bolster and Pillow. Three Blankets and a White Cotton Counterpane. A chintz Curtain to window with brass rod and painted cornice. A Brussels Carpet planned to room about 17 yards. A pierced Iron Fender set of Fire Irons and a wire guard. A Deal Table with Drawer. A swing Dressing Glass. Plate 14 by 10 inches. Two painted cane seat Chairs. A 4 feet mahogany wardrobe with four Drawers under and four sliding Trays in upper part. A Japanned Wash stand and a set of Blue and White fittings. Decanter and Glass. Two water proof Leather Travelling Trunks. SMALL BACK CHAMBER. A 4 feet 6 half Tester Bedstead and Manchester Cotton Furniture. A 4 feet 6 feather Bed Bolster and a pillow in Tick cases. Three Blankets and a Cotton Counterpane. A 3 feet 6 Japanned Chest of five Drawers. A Deal Dressing Table with Drawer. A painted wash stand with fittings. Decanter and Glass. Two Rush Seat Chairs and two pieces of Carpet. A swing Glass plate 10 inches by 8 inches. SECOND STORY. BED CHAMBER SOUTH. A steel Fender and / Fire Irons and Wire Guard. A Brussels Carpet planned to Room about 37 yards. A Hearth Rug. A 6 feet Japanned French Bedstead on castors with a circular canopy Tester with painted cornices and a lined Chintz Furniture with Drapery. A 6 feet horse hair mattress. A 5 feet 6 Wool mattress in white Holland case. A 5 feet 6 Goose Feather Bed Bolster and two Pillows. A pair of Witney Blankets and an under ditto. A Marseilles Quilt. Two sets of striped Chintz Curtains to windows with Brass Rods and painted cornices. A 4 feet 6 Mahogany Chest of eight Drawers with pilasters and bronzed knobs. A 3 feet 6 circular front ditto. A Japanned deal Wardrobe in four parts with eight drawers in each part enclosed with doors fitted with pink cotton 7 feet 6 inches wide by 9 feet 2 inches high. Two upright presses with shelves and a clothes Bin corresponding with the preceding. A 4 feet mahogany Loo Table on a pillar and block. An enclosed mahogany wash stand with rising top, with a dressing glass attached and divisions inside and a set of figured fittings for ditto. A mahogany Towel Horse. A lounging Chair stuffed in canvass. A deal Toilette Table. A Japanned Night chair with cushion and chintz cover. Two Japanned Cane Seat Chairs. DRESSING ROOM ADJOINING. A Brussells Carpet planned to Room. A striped Chintz Curtain to Window Brass Rod and Japanned Cornice. A 3 feet 6 Mahogany Chest of five Drawers. A 5 feet 3 Dwarf Bookcase with five shelves the front ornamented with antique carvings in wainscot. A 24 inch wrought iron Book case fitted with Rack and Drawers. DRESSING ROOM. A Brass Wire Fender and a set of polished Fire Irons. A brass wire guard. A blue ground Brussells Carpet planned. A Hearth rug to match. The blue silk Damask Curtains to the Bow with Festoon Draperies trimmed with Bullion fringe and silk hangers lath brass rods carved and gilt drapery ornaments and rich tassel loops. A Chaise Lounge with stuffed back and cushion covered with blue silk damask and finished with gymp. Two Down Pillows with Cord and Tassels and extra Cotton cases to ditto. Three Cabriole Chairs carved and gilt framed and covered with Damask en suite and cotton cases for ditto. Six Satin wood fancy pattern Chairs with stuffed Seats covered en suite. Two Ottomans covered and fringed. A Toilette Table with a silk Damask cover fringed Cords and Tassels at corners. A Toilette Glass in a curiously antique carved and gilt frame. Plate 23 by 13 inches. A pair of silk Bell pulls with Tassels. A Table richly carved and gilt with a / statuary marble top. A circular Table of Yew Tree on a turned pillar and plynth. A Book case 4 feet 9 inches wide by 7 feet 6 inches high. The front and sides richly ornamented with buhl and tortoiseshell the four pannels filled with plate glass and the whole surmounted with a cornice and pediment with ormolu enrichments. A Commode Chest of Drawers of rich buhl and tortoiseshell enriched with massive mountings of ormolu. A music stand with brass sconces. A pier table richly carved and gilt with a Statuary Marble Top. A circular Table the top of marble with designs in colours on a bronze tripod stand ornamented with ormolu. A pier glass in two plates in a gilt moulding frame upper plate 36 by 36 inches lower plate 55 by 36. A ditto same size. A chimney glass in an ornamented and gilt frame 66 by 42 inches. A Chimney Glass in an ornamented and gilt frame 60 by 30 inches. A ditto 84 by 50 inches. The whole of the Holland Covers to Hangings. SMALL ROOM ADJOINING. A Brussells Carpet planned to Room 16 1/4 yards. A Chimney Glass in a gilt pillar frame 58 by 42 inches. PRINCIPAL STORY. DRAWING ROOMS. Two highly polished steel fenders with rich brass mountings and standards. Two sets of cut steel fire irons. The rich crimson ground Wilton Carpet with a border as planned to both rooms containing about 114 yards. Two Hearth Rugs to match. The splendid gold coloured silk Damask Curtains to the Bow looped with silk cord and tassels and trimmed with silk gymp full festoon Draperies with deep moulded fringe supported by carved and gilt foliage and coronet ornaments. Circular lath and Brass rod. Two sets of ditto to the windows on south side (same room) of similar design and materials. Two sets of ditto with a continued Drapery in the Southern Room. A 5 feet 6 Turkish Ottoman stuffed in Canvass covered with silk damask and finished with cord. Three Down Pillows. The extra cotton cases to ditto. A Chaise Lounge with carved and gilt legs stuffed back and cushion

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covered with damask en suite with the Curtains and finished with silk cord and two Down Pillows. Extra cases to ditto. Twelve Chairs in richly carved and gilt frames of French design the backs and seats square stuffed and covered with silk damask and the Extra cases to ditto. Six fancy pattern Chairs Japanned white and gilt with stuffed seats and the extra covers to ditto. A pair of Footstools with carved frames and covered en suite. A 7 feet 6 sofa with carved and gilt legs stuffed ends three back cushions and a seat ditto stuffed in canvass covered with / silk damask and finished with silk cord and tassels. Two down pillows to ditto and the extra cases. A settee with stuffed back and seat cushions covered with silk damask and finished as the preceding and the extra cases to ditto. A ditto to correspond. A pair of Conversaziones the frames richly carved and gilt stuffed seats covered with crimson silk velvet and the extra cases. Four Cabriole Chairs with carved frames stuffed backs and seats and covered with crimson silk velvet and the extra cases to ditto. A ditto covered with white velvet richly painted. A pair of Conversazione Stools covered with rose coloured plush. A pair of Cheval Screens with elegant carved and gilt frames the rising pannel covered with silk damask and the covers to ditto. A magnificent Dresden Pier Table formed of richly carved oak gilt and enamelled with medallions in front, the pannels filled with plate glass and the top covered with crimson Genoa Velvet. A richly carved and gilt Table Frame supporting an unique slab of Florentine Mosaic composed of a variety of specimens of Italian Marbles and Spars. A pier Bracket elaborately carved and gilt with a fine statuary marble slab. A circular Table of Tuscan manufacture painted in design on a bronze and ormolu Tripod Stand. A ditto with a beautifully pencilled Landscape embedded in Zebra Wood and supported by a triangular pedestal and plynth with carved and gilt paw feet. A superb writing Table of Ebony with Drawers richly ornamented with ormolu the top of marquetaire of beautiful design. A 4 feet Rosewood Loo Table on a carved pillar and triangular plynth. A brown cloth embroidered Table Cover. A carved and gilt terminus supporting a plateau and a cotton cover for ditto. A pair of ditto of corresponding design supporting Candelabra with beautiful lotus shaped glass shades. A massive twelve light ormolu Chandelier with richly ornamented scroll branches chains and glass pans. A ditto to correspond. A pair of 18 inch Dresden China sea green vases beautifully pencilled and gilt. A pair of 21 inch French China vases with highly finished paintings after Teniers and splendidly gilt and the glass shades. A pair of 21 inch ditto embellished with Landscapes and Pastoral subjects and glass shades (one damaged). A pair of 13 inch ditto with Landscapes and glass shades. An ormolu Time Piece representing Apollo in a Chariot attended by Cupid the dial plate in the circumference of the wheel (shade damaged). The Brown Holland Covers to the whole of the Damask / Hangings of the Rooms Curtains &c. A splendid Chimney glass in a richly gilt frame with creeping foliage ornaments plate 92 by 69 inches. A ditto in corresponding frame 90 by 68 inches. A pier ditto in moulded frame 75 by 30 inches. A ditto fixed at the end of South Room in five plates in a similar frame principal plate 127 by 56 inches side ditt 43 by 18 ditto 84 by 18. Two ditto in plain gilt frames fixed against the division of the Rooms 84 by 31 inches 42 by 31. A ditto to correspond. A plate of ditto in a frame of similar design to the preceding fixed opposite the Chimney in the Western Room 102 by 66 inches. BOUDOIR. The Crimson ground Wilton Carpet planned about 14 yards. A settee with back and seat cushions stuffed in canvass and covered with green sarsnet. An angular ditto to correspond. A statuary marble Table with a circular top inlaid with various specimens of marbles and spars on a turned pillar and plynth. Two Fancy pattern Chairs japanned white and gilded with stuffed Seats and Covers to ditto. A plate of glass 69 by 43 inches in a wood frame. The brown Holland Covers for the hangings of the Room. ANTE ROOM. The Crimson ground Wilton Carpet planned about 17 yards. Three Settees with back and Seat Cushions stuffed in canvass and covered with striped cotton. A Rosewood Sofa Table on pillar and plynth. A Reisner Commode with ormolu mountings and a veined marble top. A plate of glass 61 by 29 inches in a wood frame. Two scarlet cloth Curtains fixed to the opening of Room looped with lines and tassels. STAIR CASE and GALLERIES. An eight day Spring Dial in a mahogany case. The four quarter Crimson ground Wilton Carpet fitted to the Stairs and Galleries from third floor to the Hall 56 yards (in bad condition). Fifty two 38 inch each Brass Stair Rods. Two Brass Cornice Poles with brackets and rings and two scarlet Tammy Curtains on third Gallery. A handsome ormolu Lamp with chains four burners and a vase shaped oil receiver suspended by a highly ornamental chain. A Holland cover to ditto. The Brussells Carpet fitted to the Bath Room. GROUND FLOOR HALL. Four Spanish mahogany Chairs with a crest painted on the back. A carved frame supporting a slab of marble. A 16 inch Sexagon Lamp in a rich brass frame filled / with plate and stained glass balance weights pullies and lines. A Reisner Commode with drawers richly ornamented with ormolu chasings and a top of Brocadella Marble. A fine old Buhl Clock and bracket enriched with ormolu chasings. A sarcophagus cellaret veneered with marble gilt brass handles and paw feet. A 24 inch splendid Sexagon Lamp the frame of massive brass of a highly ornamental design filled with plate glass and suspended by a chain of corresponding richness and a three light patent burner to ditto. An umbrella stand. Two

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Sheepskin rugs. Two Door weights. The Marble Pattern Oil Cloth fitted to the Lobby adjoining. A mahogany case for the extra flaps of Dining Tables lined with baize. A mahogany extra top for Library Table. Two sets of folding steps. DINING ROOM. A 6 feet polished Steel Fender with brass mountings and a set of ditto Fire Irons. A Buff Ground Wilton Carpet with a border about 42 yards. A hearth rug to match. Two sets of Brown Cloth Curtains to the windows trimmed with velvet and silk lace gilt moulding cornices with deep fringe laths brass rods and tassel loops. An 8 feet 6 Spanish mahogany Side board with drawers at each end supported by two richly carved Trusses and a ditto ornament in the centre of the front. A painted baize cover to the top of ditto. A brilliant plate of glass in a mahogany frame fixed over the side board plate 96 by 56 inches. A Spanish mahogany Sarcophagus Cellaret with carved Trusses at the corners the interior with divisions leaded. A set of extending Dining Tables of the finest Spanish Mahogany in two parts each part supported by two turned and reeded and two richly carved Truss legs on brass castors and four shifting flaps measuring when set out 16 feet by 5 feet 2 inches. A blue cloth cover for one part of the above. A two tier mahogany side board Table on turned pillars and a brass guard rail at the back. A commode of fine Spanish mahogany with shelves inside enclosed with folding Doors pannelled with fastrigal moulding and a fascia decorated with carved ornaments. A Davenport of mahogany the top covered with leather. A Cheval Screen the slide covered with fluted silk a pier glass in two plates in a gilt moulded frame lower plate 33 by 33 inches upper plate 86 by 33 and a brass guard rail to ditto. Ten mahogany chairs of French pattern with seats and backs stuffed with hair and covered / with drab morocco leather. Two chair back screens covered with morocco. A pair of pillar side board Lamps with ground shades. A bronzed pillar Table Lamp and ground shade (damaged). A foot stool and hearth brush. An 18 inch cast iron safe lined lock and key. A rosewood pen tray handsomely inlaid and the rich cut ink glasses. An Eight day Time piece by Diniere a Paris surmounted by an elegant bronze group representing History recording the events of Time. LIBRARY. A polished steel fender with bronze castings. The Fawn ground Wilton Carpet planned about 35 yards. A Hearth Rug to match. A chimney Glass in a richly carved French Frame plate 57 by 50 inches. Three sets of Brown cloth curtains to the windows trimmed with velvet and silk lace and line and tassel loops a moulded and gilt circular cornice brass rods and lath. A chaise Lounge with stuffed end and back loose cushion and pillows covered with brown cloth and trimmed as the curtains. A mahogany frame library Chair with stuffed back and cushion covered with morocco leather. A railed back ditto with back and seat cushion covered with morocco Leather. Six mahogany frame French pattern chairs with stuffed backs and seats and covered with drab morocco leather. A 3 feet 9 Rosewood Loo Table on a pillar and plynth. A brown cloth Table Cover fringed and bound. A small occasional Table of Rosewood on pillar and block. A rose wood what not. A magnificent winged Bookcase of Ebonized wood richly ornamented with ormolu, the lower part open the upper part enclosed with plate glass and supported by carved and gilt female figures the whole surmounted with a cornice size 8 feet 9 by 9 feet high. A 4 feet Library Table of Ebony with Buhl inlay appropriately ornamented with chased ormolu covered with Leather. Two Hassocks covered with Morocco Leather one with gold fringe. Three oriental China Beakers. WAITING ROOM. A wire Fender with brass top. A Brussels Carpet planned to the room 16 yards. A set of Brown Cloth Curtains to the windows trimmed with velvet and silk lace gilt moulded cornice with deep fringe lath and brass rod. An enclosed mahogany wash stand with rising top and a set of blue and white fittings to ditto. A circular Rosewood writing Table with Drawers on a pillar and plynth. The top covered with leather. A Dwarf Book case veneered with fancy woods and enriched with antique carvings in oak the doors / filled with silk. A Rosewood writing Tray with glasses. Two mahogany chairs with hair seats. A Barometer and Thermometer. BASEMENT HOUSEKEEPER'S ROOM. A pierced Iron Fender. A set of Fire Irons and a wire guard. A Brussells Carpet planned. A Hearth Rug. The Cloth Curtains to windows. A two flap cottage mahogany Dining Table. A mahogany Pembroke ditto and a painted baize cover. Four mahogany chairs with hair seats. An ebonized writing Desk with cylinder top on a ditto frame. A chimney glass in a black frame 53 by 17 inches. A circular pillar and claw table and a cover. SERVANTS HALL. A Return Iron Fender and a set of Fire Irons. A stout Deal Table with two Drawers 10 feet by 3 feet 6. A ditto 3 feet 6 with two Drawers. Two Deal Forms. A high stool and four Windsor Chairs. A shaving Glass 10 by 8 inches. ROOM ADJOINING. A painted Deal Press Bedstead. A Feather Bed Bolster and one pillow. Three Blankets and a Counterpane. BUTLER'S PANTRY. A pierced Iron fender. A stout deal Table with two Drawers. Four Butler's Trays and two stands. A Lamp with burner. A plate Basket lined. KITCHEN. A Return Iron Fender a set of Fire Irons and a Sifter. A Stout Deal Table with four drawers 10 feet by 3 feet 3 inches. A 5 feet 6 Meat Screen with circular ends lined with tin iron shelf and a hot closet lined with tin on the top. Two Deal Tables. Three Windsor Chairs. A marble Mortar fixed in an elm block and a lignum vitae pestle. A chopping block. An Eight day spring Dial in a Mahogany case. A weighing machine and ten iron weights. LARDER. A slab of veined marble 3 feet 5 by i f 8. A Brown Ware pan a japanned Cheese

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cover. A set of steps. Knife house oil cans and tray, two Japanned Lanthorns and Burners Sundry Lumber. COPPER WARES. A copper Coal Scuttle. A helmet shaped ditto. A17 inch copper Boiler and Tap. An ii inch Stewing Pan. A 10 1/2 inch ditto. A 10 inch ditto. An 8 inch ditto. A 7 inch ditto. A 6 inch ditto. A 5 1/2 inch ditto. A three gallon Tea kettle. A i 1/2 ditto ditto. A 2 quart ditto ditto. Two copper moulds. Two small ditto. A copper warming Pan. TIN WARE. A Fish Kettle and Plate. A Saucepan. A Steamer. A Cullender a drainer. Two coffee pots spice box. One Tea Kettle. Dripping Pan and Stand. Two Moulds and a Cake ditto. A Baking Dish. Three plate Covers. A box of paste cutters. IRON WARE. Four saucepans in sizes a boiling Pot. Two Frying Pans and Gridiron. Three japanned Coal scuttles. Five Japanned / Candlesticks snuffers and trays. A Ladle. Sugar nippers. A cradle spit and two others Footman Slice Chopper Saw Two flat irons Knives and forks and steel. WOOD WARE. Paste Board and Rolling pin. Chopping Board. Six Hair Sieves. One wire ditto two muslin ditto and two [blank] ditto. Salt Box. Jelly stand. Two pails and three Tubs Clothes Horse. Three other Pails. BACK KITCHEN. A circular meat screen A drip stone and stand. A long deal Table with two drawers. A 4 feet 6 ditto ditto. LINEN. A Damask Table Cloth 5 1/2 by 2 1/2 yards. A ditto same size. A ditto ditto. Three ditto 4 by 2 1/2 yards. Three ditto ditto. Three Breakfast ditto 2 1/4 by 2 yards. Three ditto ditto. Four House keeper's ditto. Ten Servants Hall ditto. Twelve Damask Table Napkins. Twelve ditto. Five Tray ditto. Five Fish Ditto. Fourteen D'Oyley's. Five others. Four Dresser Cloths. Twelve Diaper Napkins. Twenty Kitchen cloths. Twenty glass ditto. Six Dish ditto. Twenty Knife ditto. Eighteen pair of Lancashire sheets. Six pair of Irish ditto. Nine pair of Irish pillow cases. Three pair of Linen ditto. Four marcella Toilette Covers. Eight figured Muslin window curtains. Twenty eight fine Chamber Towels. Twenty four others. Two ditto old. Eight ditto. Twenty four check Dusters. Ten House Cloths. CHINA. Thirty six Dresden China plates most beautifully pencilled with medallion borders. Part of a Rose Pattern China Dinner Service consisting of Three Dishes Six Soup plates and twenty one meat ditto. A French China Dinner Service consisting of two 21 inch dishes four 18 inch ditto Tureen salad Bowl. One Sauce Tureen and Cover, Twelve Soup plates and twenty six meat ditto. A white and gold dessert service of flower pattern composed of a centre two compatiers two square and two oval dishes and ten plates. A scarlet and gold French China Dessert Service with Landscapes consisting of two centres four octagon and four shell shaped dishes two Tureens stands and covers and thirty nine plates. A white and gold Breakfast and Tea set comprising eight Breakfast cups eight Tea ditto Eight Coffee ditto Sixteen Saucers Cream Ewer and Bason Two Muffin Plates and Covers two Dishes and ten plates Thirteen French China Cups and saucers of various patterns richly painted and gilt and a bason. Two Delf Broth Basons and Covers Sundry blue and white ware for common use. Ditto Tea ware for ditto. A Dinner Service of Dresden China consisting of fourteen oval Dishes and sixty nine plates finely painted / Old sevres Table with flowers and pattern. Two old Sevres Work Tables dish in each and mounted in Ormolu. Two old Sevres Jars (9 inches) painted in figures and mounted in Ormolu. Japan screen Two old Sevres Vases (26 inches) painted in figures and flowers, mounted in ormolu with stand in each for 5 lights. GLASS. Two pair of richly cut quart decanters. Three others fluted &c. Five Pint ditto. A pair of Claret ditto and stoppers. A pair of cut quart ditto (one stopper wanting) six cut water carafe's and tumblers. Twelve finger glasses. Twelve lip'd wine coolers. Sixteen green hock glasses. Fifteen cut Champagnes. Eighteen large sire [size] wines. Thirty second sized ditto. Eighteen plain ditto 4 liqueur. Eighteen cut Tumblers. Cut water Jug cracked. Sugar dish. MISCELLANEOUS. A small Bronzed Tea Urn Tap and Heater. A papier Tea Tray. Twenty two white handled Knives and twenty three forks three carvers and forks and a steel a brass reading Lamp and Shade. A China Pillar Table Lamp and Ground Shade. A one light Bracket Lamp. A Venus of Canova executed in marble by Bertolini of Florence. A rare Amber Cabinet Round Pietra Dewa Table in birds and flowers. Two very large Alabaster Vases (30 inches). An Artists Box of Mother of Pearl designed as a Cottage. One large Mother of Pearl shell mounted in silver. Two Platina Tables. Oriental Daggers and Pipes. WINES. Principal Cellar of 17 Binns vizt. Binn i, 2 Five doz: comte Lindolfs Port. 3 Four dozen Pale Sherry. 4 Eight dozen Lafitte Claret 5 Six dozen Chinnerys Port. 6 Six dozen Old Madeira 7 [blank space] 8. Two dozen rare Doctor Port and One dozen rare Madeira. 9 Old Port 3 1/2 dozen. 10. Six dozen fine Port (1823). n - Six and a half dozen Kingston Port. 12 Eight dozen common Sherry. 13. Five dozen common Port. 14 Eight dozen Chinnerys fine Sherry. 15, 16 Mixed Binns 17. Seven dozen very old Sherry. OUTER CELLAR. Six dozen Moet Champagne. Ten dozen Rose Claret. Four dozen White Hermitage One and a half dozen Sauterne. Four dozen Latour Claret. BOOKS. Pinkerton's voyages 28 volumes British Poets 100 volumes Drydens works 28 volumes. Holy Bible D'Oyly and Mant with Plates Russia 3 volumes. Froissarts Chronicle 12 volumes [blank space] Dictionaire LAcademie Francais calf i volume Beaumont and Fletcher's Works 14 volumes. Hume's History 8 volumes Corporation Boundaries Half bound Maps i volume. Pantalogia 12 vols / Comyns Landlord and Tenant Law Calf i volume Scotts Novels 12 volumes Blackstone's Commentaries by Chitty 4 volumes. Walpoles

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Royal and Noble Authors 3 volumes. Crabbe's English Synonomies The Ormonde Papers 3 volumes Alexanders Costumes 7 volumes Walker's Pronouncing Dictionary. Hogarth's Works 2 volumes. Paleys Sermons 2 volumes. Mc-Culloch's Dictionary of Commerce 2 volumes Autumn on the Rhine half bound. Burke's Works 12 volumes Gibbons Rome 12 volumes. Aikins Elizabeth 2 volumes. British Novelists Morocco binding 49 volumes. Pradl's Congres de Vienna 2 volumes. Baretti's Italian and English Dictionary. Hallam's Literary History 4 volumes. Curiosities of Literature. Grammaire des Grammaire 2 volumes Prices Sermons Virgils Works. Amenities 3 volumes. Commentaries on Charles ist. 5 volumes Steuarts Planter's Guide Fairman on the Funds Taplins Farrier Edinburgh Gazetteer Greenhouse Companion Gregory's Mathematics McCue's History of the Reformation. Ebers Kings Theatre. Smith's Political Economy Dante Ariosto Scotts Rokeby. Comyn on Usury Mirehouse on the Law of Advowsons. Willis on Trustees. Roger's Law of Elections. Hallams Introduction to the Literature of Europe. Memoirs of a Peeress. Agnes de Mansfeldt. Darnley. Ernest Maltravers. Burke's History of the Commons. Blair's Sermons. Phillips Floral Emblems Okeys Digest of the Law Standard Novels 2 volumes. Pope's works 6 volumes. Youngs ditto 5 volumes. Starkes Information and Director. Oriental Scenes. Gwillim's Heraldry (Folio) coloured Arms. Landon's Sermons. Debrett's Peerage 2 volumes Ditto boards 2 volumes Guide to the Watering Places Forsyths Dictionary of Diet New Comic Annual Royal Kalendar Common Prayer. Coxe's Picture of Italy. Itinerare de Rome. Guide de Florence. Postes de France. Butler's Atlas and sundry Maps in cases. Nugents Dictionary. Theatre De Varietis 4 volumes Zotti's Grammaire Italienne 2 volumes Byrons Works 4 volumes Portraits of Female Characters in Waverley Novels i to 10 ten parts. A Portfolio with 120 engraved Portraits and others. A ditto with eight Engravings and four lithographed Portraits. PAINTINGS IN RICHLY GILT FRAMES DINING ROOM. Waggon and Horses with Peasants at a Brook and Landscape "Lee". Madonna and Child an excellent Copy after Murillo. Madonna and Child A pleasing Group Girl and Boy with Bird's Nest. Female Group with Flowers Unwins. Kissing the Chains of Saint Peter. Edmondson. Boaz and Ruth. Dead Game. LIBRARY: Sea Views in the Polar Regions Fruit Piece. The Head of the Saviour Portrait / of the late W. Lewis Esquire. The Holy Family a beautiful Picture highly finished in a carved French frame. A fine engraving The Duke of Wellington. A ditto Sir Robert Peel. BRONZES DINING ROOM A pair finely modelled "Diana and the Apollo Belvedere." A fine Group "The Rape of the Sabines". A ditto "Hercules and the Bull". A pair of Urn shaped Taygus and Sienna Marble Pedestals. Two Match cases. LIBRARY a pair of Candelabra A Time piece of French manufacture on massive pedestal surmounted with figure of Dancing. A pair of Card Racks. HALL A Roman Bust and Bracket. A pair of figures from the antique 52 inches high. A pair of Florentine marble vases. CARRIAGES and HARNESS A Chariot painted dark brown picked out white with yellow silk Lining and Cover to ditto. Hammer cloth with tassel fringe Patent Axles and Lamps. A Britzska painted dark brown picked out white with dark lining driving seat patent Axles and Lamps. A hind rumble for Chariot with raised back. A ditto for Britzska A driving Box for Chariot. A pair of Night Lamps A set of Black Harness with Furniture and extra reins. A set of State Harness with silver Furniture. An Imperial in two parts. A ditto. A ditto of Waterproof Leather A ditto smaller A covered Hat &c case. FIXTURES. ATTIC STORY EASTERN ROOM A 29 inch Stove PASSAGES Four Bells as hung. THIRD FLOOR FURTHER ROOM SOUTH a 27 inch Register Stove and blower Two Holland Spring Blinds Two Bell pulls, cranks and wires to Basement. ROOM ADJOINING A 27 inch eliptic front Stove with covings and slips. BOWFRONT ROOM WEST a 28 inch Register Stove with ground sides and front. Three white Holland Roller Blinds. Two Bell Pulls cranks and wires one to Attic and one to Basement. ROOM ADJOINING A 26 inch eliptic front Stove with covings and slips. A white Holland roller Blind. Bell Pull cranks and wires to Basement and to Attic Forty brass eyes fixed to stairs. SECOND FLOOR BOW FRONT ROOM WEST A 2 inch stove fixed with a highly polished Steel Front side plates and brass mountings The spring Holland Roller Blinds Cranks and Wires to Bell Four Finger Plates Bell pull cranks and wires to Attic. ROOM ADJOINING A 32 inch half Register Stove with bright Grate and sides fixed with covings. A spring Holland Roller Blind. Four Finger Plates. Bell pull cranks and wires to Basement FIRST FLOOR DRAWING ROOMS A handsome Stove with polished back and side plates two / massive pedestals in front with brass mountings scrolls and fleur de lis ornaments. A ditto to correspond Four spring Holland Roller Blinds. Twelve finger plates Four sunk bell pulls cranks and wires one bell. BOUDOIR A 36 inch Register Stove with polished Steel Grate front and sides A spring Holland roller blind The outside Venetian Shades to four windows 12 feet by 4 feet 6. GROUND FLOOR DINING ROOM A 43 inch polished Steel front Register Stove with brass scroll supports Two white Holland spring Roller Blinds Two sets of mahogany dwarf Venetian ditto 4 feet by 2 feet 5 The brass Picture Rod fixed round the Room. Four Finger Plates Two lever Bell pulls cranks and wires. HALL AND STAIRCASE A 24 inch bronze Register Stove and Fender Lamp Pulley Bell Pull at door cranks and wires to basement Four Finger Plates. An Alarum with cranks and wires from Basement. One hundred and ten brass eyes to stairs Call Bell cranks and wires to attics. LIBRARY A 41 inch polished Steel Register Stove with bright front and side plates and black castings. Three white Holland Spring Blinds Brass Lever Bell

405

Pulls cranks and wires to Basement Four Finger Plates. Three sets of mahogany Dwarf Venetian Blinds 4 feet by 2 feet 4 Brass Picture Rod WAITING ROOM A 32 inch half Register Stove with polished steel front. A Holland Blind Spring Roller A pair of mahogany Dwarf Venetian Shades 4 feet by 2 feet 5 Four Finger Plates. LOBBY Hat rail and four pins 8 by 5 inches Four finger plates six striped linen Venetian Outside shades with boxes lines &c. fitted to the first and second Floor and Library Windows. BASEMENTS. KITCHEN A 55 inch Range with sliding checks spit racks and trivets fall bars &c. as fixed with sheet iron and a back boiler to ditto with brass tap. Iron tank and pipes to supply Boiler. A smoke Jack and Chains. The erection of the Oven with Furnace-Dampers sheet iron front with sliding Door brass knobs &c. and the brick setting of ditto The brick erection of Stewing Stoves with iron curb Grates. A coffee Mill and block. A pannelled Deal press in two parts each enclosed with folding Doors shelves / locks and keys 5 feet 8 by 8 feet. Two spring Bells. BACK KITCHEN A 4 feet cast iron range with plate and boiler. The Steaming Dressers with lead pipes brass taps and kettles. A smoke Jack. SCULLERY A Slate Slab A plate Rack Wire work to Larder Window 8 feet by 6. HOUSEKEEPERS ROOM a 42 inch Half Register Stove with covings and slips. Two Holland Roller Blinds 4 feet by 5. A painted Deal Press with centre and two wings upper and lower divisions enclosed with two pair of folding and four single doors cornice &c and shelves inside 10 feet by 9 feet high. Bell pull cranks and wires to Passages. Finger Plates SERVANTS HALL A 36 inch wind up Range with fall bar swing trivets slips and covings. Bedstead fitted in recess ROOM ADJOINING A painted deal Press 3 feet 6 with four shelves inside. Rail and Pegs. BUTLERS PANTRY A 34 inch Stove as fixed with covings and slips. A pannelled Deal Press in two parts enclosed with two pair of folding doors and six shelves inside 4 feet 6 by 9 high. INNER ROOM A Dresser containing six large Drawers 6 feet by 2 feet 8 PASSAGE A Rail with nine spring Bells and Labels under ditto. 15 feet by 9 inches Barrel Spring to Door A Deal Slab on two Brackets Bell Pull Cranks and Wires from Area Gate SILVER PLATE. 2 Gravy Spoons. One dozen and eleven Table Spoons. Eighteen Desert Spoons. Seventeen Tea Spoons. Four salt spoons. One sugar Ladle. One Mustard Ladle. One Soup Ladle. Four Sauce Ladles, Two dozen Table Forks. Two dozen Desert Forks. One fish Knife. One Sugar Tongs. Cruet Stand all complete except one bottle. One small round Waiter. One tea Kettle, stand and Lamp. One Tea pot, One Coffee Pot. One Milk Jug and cover, 2 Butter Boats, One Bread Basket. Four Salt Cellars. Four candlesticks. Three Dishes one with well. Four Round Dishes with covers. One Saucepan, One Toast Rack. Two Bedroom candlesticks with two extinguishers. One Vegetable Dish with Cover. PLATED ARTICLES One Cheese Toaster. One Knife Tray. Two pair of nut crackers. Four Dish covers, silver Edges. Sixteen plate Warmers.

406

RECIPIENTS, VOLUME FOUR

Letters whose numbers contain an R or an X are found in appendix i

Amphlett, John 1471 Amyot, Thomas 38iXA Austen, Sara a8aX Avigdor, Henri 1458 Bailey, Thomas 1491, 1495, 1501, 1518 Baillie, Henry James 1244 Barker, Thomas Raymond 1555 Baudrand, General 1266 Bentley, Richard 1462, 1474, 1481, 1486, 1487, 1488, 1525 Berlyn, Peter & Edward Watkin 1374 Blessington, Lady 1245, J324> J333> !, Bucks, Electors of 1551, 1583, 1588 Buller, Charles 1253 Byron, John 1376 Campbell, Dugald Forbes 1549 Carey and Hart 1403 Carrington, Lord 1400, 1418, 1571, 1572 Chabannes, comte Alfred de 1267 Chandos, Lord 1547, 1580 Chapman, Thomas 1235, 1246, 1254, 1299 Chester, Anthony 1560 Colburn, Henry 1341, 1413, 1436 Cole,T. &J. Hunt 1468 Crossley, James 1411, 1427 Culverwell, Richard 1353, 1355, 1357 Cushny, John et al 1534 Day, William 1392 Dayrell, Edmund Francis 1557 Deacon, William Frederick 1380 Delane, John 1345, 1591 Dewar, Edward et al 1534 Dick, Quintin 1618 D'Israeli, Isaac 53oR, 1257 D'Israeli, Maria 1277 Disraeli, Mary Anne 1206, 1207, 1209, 1210, 1211, 1213, 1214,1215, 1216, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1220, 1221, 1222, 1223, 1224, 1225,

1226,1227, I228 > 122 9, 12 3o, 1231,1232, I2 33. I2 34> 12 37. 12 3 8 > I239.125°. I259,. 1292,1322,1327,1328,1334,1335,1343, J 354> '37°. I37l> I382> 139°&, 1429,1435,, 1448,1476,1494,1499,1503,1504,1505, 1506,1507,1512,1513,1523,1529,1542, ^S0.15fy, 1564,1565,1566,1576,1611

Disraeli, Ralph 1385

Disraeli, Sarah 26oX, 3iiR, 352R, 35gX, 38iX, 4i9R, 449X, 453R, 538X, 675R, 68iX, 7158.,flklkfglksd

755X, 84oR, go6X, 93&X, 942X, gsgX, IOI7R, I035R, I038X, io4gX, io5iR, io83R, H26R, ii56X, 1201,1202,1203,1204,1208,1212, 1240,1241,1252,1255, 1256,1258,1261, 1262,1263,1264,1265,1268,1269,1270, 1272,1274,1275,1278,1281,1283,1284, 1289,1295,1301, 1306,1307,1312,1314, 1316,1318,1319,1321,1323,1326,1336, J347. ^S1' !356. J358. !362> l&5> J368>8, J 373. J389> '391-139^> H°2>1425,1428, 1434,1440,1441,1443,1444,1445,1446, 1447,1450,1452,1454,1456,1459, ^So, 1466,1482,1497,1500,1510,1528,1539, 1577, i586,1593.1595,1614 D'Orsay, Count 1294, 1308 Durham, Lord 356X Easthope, Sir John 1472 Edwardes, J.T. Smitheman 1280 Emery, Charles 1338 Everett, Edward 1404, 1414 Faucher, Leon 1313 Forcade, Eugene 1461 Ford, George Samuel 1273 Fremantle, Sir William Henry 1568 Gilpin, Louisa 1548 Goldshede, Bernardo 1276, 1300 Graham, Sir James 1260, 1332 Gregg, Tresham 1398, 1478 Griffin, Alfred 1509, 1553 Guizot, Francois 1271 Halle, Hughes Fraser 1393 Hamilton-Gordon, Arthur 1205 Hardy, Thomas et al 1534 Herries, John C. 1465, 1469 Hitchcox, W. 1397 Hodgskin, Thomas 1410 Hodson, James Shirley 1437 Hume, Joseph 4&5X Hunt, J. & T. Cole 1468 Hunter, Mary 1383 Isaacson, Stephen 1426 Jamieson, George Auldjo et al 1534

Jarnac, comte de 1377 Jeffs, William 1417 Kenealy, Edward Vaughan 1496, 1498 Lansdowne, Lord 1390, 1405 Langley, Daniel Baxter I573A Lennox, Lord William Pitt 1287 Lewis, Charles 1546 Lindo, Benjamin Ephraim 853X, 1317 Linton, William James 1517 Loftus, Thomas 1610 Londonderry, Lady 1424, 1515, 1530, 1541, 1605 Londonderry, Lord 1378 Lucas, Henry 1537 Lumley, Benjamin 1422, 1596 Lyndhurst, Lord 1342 Lyttelton, Lord 1364 Mackenzie, Robert Shelton 1348, 1395 Manners, Lord John 1375, 1379, 1384, 1407, 1455, 1511, 1519, 1524, 1607, 1608, 1617, 1619 Mariotti, Luigi 1305, 1359 Marlhiou, Mme de 1315 Martin, Robert Montgomery 1242, 1533, 1533A Mathew, George 1514 Messer, Robert 1594 Michele, Charles Eastland 1554, 1569 Milnes, Richard Monckton 1339, 1352, 1388, 1408, 1415, 1419, 1431, 1438 Milnes, Robert Pemberton 1430 Morgan, Lady 1416 Morning Post, Editor of The 1320, 1433 Nangle, Lucy Mary 1449 Nash, John 1556 Neeld, John 1558 Nevill, Lady Dorothy 1589, i6nA Newdegate, Charles Newdigate 1522 Noblet, Antoine Pierre 1457 O'Connell, Morgan 397R Ouseley, Thomas John 1372, I399A, 1401, 1464 Palmer, Charles 1516 Palmerston, Lord 1453, 1477 Peel, Sir Robert 1247, I24^> '337 Ponsonby, Lord 1489, 1490, 1492, 1508 Power, Marguerite A. 1406 Putnam, George Palmer 1366, 1420 Pyne, William 1243

408

Quin, Frederick Hervey Foster 582X Richards, Henry 995X, 1279 Richmond, Duke of 1531, 1559, 1570, 1579 Rose, Philip 1484, 1485, 1521, 1527, 1532, 1544, 1581, 1582, 1584, 1585, 1592, 1597, 1598,1601,1602,1603, 1604,1606, 1612,1613 Rothschild, Baron Lionel de 1451 Rowcroft, Charles I056X Rudge, James 1387 Semper, Harriet 1578 Seymour, Lady 1421, 1423 Shepherd, John 1540 Shrewsbury, Electors of 1552 Sinclair, Sir George 1475, l^°9 Smith, George Frederick 1298, 1535, 1536, '543. '573. lGl6 Stanley, Lord 1331 Tauchnitz, Bernhard 1363 Taylor, Richard 1574 Taylor, Richard et al 1467 Taylor, William Cooke 1349 Thompson & Co 1442 Thornton, William Thomas 1480 Times, Editor of The 1249, 13^°> !399> J493 1561 [Unknown] 1562 Urquhart, David 1251 Verney, Sir Harry 1432, 1575 Walpole, Lady Dorothy. See Nevill, Lady Dorothy Walter, John 1587 Walter, John (Sr) 1346, 1473 Warburton, Eliot 1412 Watkin, Edward & Peter Berlyn 1374 Wheeler, Robert 2oiX Wright, Richard 1282, 1285, 1286, 1288, 1290, 1291, 1293, I29^> I297> i3oiA, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1309, 1310, 1311,1325, 1329, 1330, 1340, 1350, 1361, 1367, 1381, 1386, 1394, 1439, 1463, 1470, 1479, 1483, 1502, 1520, 1526, 1567, 1599, 1600 Wright and Partners 1369, 1545 Wroughton, Philip 1538, 1590 Yate, Eleanor 1236 Young, Murdo 1409

INDEX TO VOLUME FOUR

References are to letter numbers. Letters followed by 'X' or 'R' will be found in Appendix i, unless an earlier volume is indicated. A' Beckett, Gilbert Abbott 134003 Aali Effendi. See Mehemet Emin Aali Pasha Abd-el-Kader (VOL in) 1011112, 137302 Abercromby, Helen 152802 Aberdeen i534&m Aberdeen, University of 157605 Aberdeen, Countess of (4th Earl) 1205™ Aberdeen, 4th Earl of (VOL i) 173111, 1205™, 1222, 139901: his Spanish policy attacked by Palmerston I225ni; his Spanish policy in Honduras I336n4; praises Jarnac i377ni; is cordial to D at Stowe (1845) rjSg∋ Louis Philippe regrets his leaving office I453&n4; his tip about repeal attributed to D 1454™; offers Smythe a post as uoder-secretary for foreign affairs 145501; aod the Spanish marriages I53O&O3; D predicts the River Plate affair will ruio his reputatioo i6ig&o6 Abergaveooy, ist Earl of 160709 Abioger, ist Baron (VOL n) 36701, 5^8X Abyssinians, the 1433 Academy, the Freoch: the DS atteod a meeting of 1270 Aclaod, Sir Thomas Dyke, loth Bt (VOL in) 1039112, I038X Acre, St Jean d': Napier as hero of 12078013 Adam, Robert 159401 Addington, Henry (ist Viscount Sidmouth) I5ign8 Addington Maoor ^303, I5g7&o3 Adelaide, Madame. See Orleans, Eugenie Adelaide d' Adelaide, Queen (VOL in) 108302, io83R, 1269013 Adriaoople, Treaty of i32im Afghanistan I22g&n2, 124401: D secoods Baillie's motion on I25om; debate on Baillie's motion I252&OO5&6; D speaks oo I284&n3 Age, The 4igR&nn Agricultural Protection Society 146401, 147101 Agriculture, Select Committee on (1833) I493&n2 Ailesbury, Marchioness (ist Marquess) (VOL i) 331118, 1270

Ailesbury, ist Marquess of (VOL n) 408011, 1270 Aiosworth, Miss 142701 Ainsworth, William Harrisoo (VOL in) 110302: seods D review of Coningsby 1351; D iotroduces Cooper the Chartist to him 140705; eotertaioed by the DS 142701 Ainswortk's Magazine: reviews Coningsby 13518012 Akbar Khan 1268011 Akerman, Conventioo of 132101 Aladdio 1530 Alaska 145002 Albaoy Club: address of Lord Joho Maooers 1374,

'375

Albert, Prioce (VOL in) 103103, 122208, 145304, 151508, 153003, i570&oi: the amendment reducing his graot (1840) 1038X01; death of his father 133606; visits Stowe (1845) 138901; Hallam is toady to 1447^; and thefhkklfjhfdjk Wellington mooument 1511 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales: christening I20im Aldborough, Countess of (3rd Earl) (VOL i) 22807, 1265^, 1270 Aldborough, Countess of (5th Earl) iz65&o4 Aldborough, 5th Earl of 1265^ Alderney 1384^ Alexander, Henry (surgeon oculist to Queen Victoria) ioi7R Alexander, Lady 755X&O3 Alexander, Sir Robert, 2nd Bt 755X^103 Alford, Viscount H56X&O5 Alice, Priocess: her birth 130601 Alleged Luoatics Frieod Society: D asked to chair a roeetiog of 144501 Alva (or Alba), Feroaodo Alvarez de Toledo, Duke of 1444&O4 Amelia, Princess I3i6m American Fuods. See U.S. Amieos, France 1450 Amphlett, Eliza 147101 Amphlett, Joho i47i&ni Amphlett, Joho (b 1736) 147101

Austen, Sara (VOL i) 49111: to visit Bradenham (1833) 282X Austin, Sarah I433n6 Austria 84oRn8 Avigdor, Henri (due d'Acquaviva) I458&ni Aylesbury 1570: D indifferent about representing it (1834) 356X&m; D'S 1840 speech at thehe magistrates' chambers at i035R&n3; assizes I I539&n2; D is abused at i575&m; proposed 5°7n4. I5°9n3 removal of Buckingham assizes to i576&m Angus & Co, coach builders 1354^2 Aylesbury News, The I577n2 Anne, Queen 1563, i6ig&n3 Ayscough, Samuel (VOL n) 530113, 53oR Annual Register, The I5i4&n2 'B, Mr', a creditor 995X Anson, George (VOL i) 331115, 1389111, ^n&ng, Baden: the DS' plans to go to (1847) 1597 i5!4n3 Bagot, Sir Charles (VOL in) 971113, 1566^ Anti-Corn Law League 1224^, I28m2, i338na, Bagot, Richard i566&n3 '349™. I374m, 1493, Ifdofdj 5i5n4 Bagot, William (later 3rd Baron Bagot) Anti-League (Protectionist federation) 1503^ ii56X&n6 Anti-Peel' i563ni Bagot, ist Baron is66&n3 Antisemitism: in Punch 13406013 Bailey, Thomas (VOL in) 11941110, I265&m, Apponyi, Count Anton I26g&n5, i27om, I452&n2 I296n3, 1302™, 1303, i49i&m, 1495, I5oi&n4, Apponyi, Countess izyo&ni I5i8&n2, i59gni: negotiates withdrawal of Apsley House 1511 Shrewsbury petition against D 1239, i240&m; Arabia I433&ni2 reports on MA'S Bath and Gloucester properties Arabs: the invasion of Spain by I433&ni2 i329&m, 1330; wants deeds returned by Wright Aragon I433&ni3 1367; to remit Moxon's balance 1443 Arber, Thomas i384&ni Baillie, Henry James (VOL n) 399111, 1336: Argentina: the W.G. Ouseleys go to 1447^; and praises D'S consular speech 1224; D secon, the River Plate affair iGignG his Afghanistan motion I22g&n2, i244&m, Argyll, yth Duke of (VOL in) 1086117, 1314 i25oni; debate on his Afghanistan motion Arlington Club I252n2 I252n6 Arnim-Heinrichsdorf, Baron Heinrich von Baillies, the Henry James 1225, 1226, 1414™ I26g&n6, I388&n5 Baillie, Hugh Duncan (VOL n) 457n3, 84oR, Aroostook war 1249^ I358n8 Artemis I324ni Baillies, the Hugh Duncan I358n6 Ashburnham House 1428^4 Bain, James I244&n2 Ashburton, ist Baron (VOL n) 391112, I475ni: Baines, Edward (VOL in) 94in3, 95gX and the Maine boundary dispute i249&nm&3; Baldwin, Charles Barry 1550™ disputes following from his 1842 treaty Balzac, Honore de 1264^, I37on6 1283∋ his treaty attacked by Palmerston Bangor, Viscountess Dowager (3rd Viscount). 1289^ See Nugent, Harriet Margaret Ashley, Baron (later 7th Earl of Shaftesbury) Bangor, 3rd Viscount 936Xn4 (VOL n) 494113, 936X&m, 1464™ Bank Charter Act (1844) i6o2nn4&5, i6o7n4, Aspasia 38iX i6o8n3, iSogni: D muses on the currency Asquith, Herbert Henry (ist Earl of Oxford and question 1605 Asquith) I37gn4 Bankes, George (VOL n) 51601, 1482^: and Assizes: at Aylesbury 1539^2, 1540; proposed Bentinck's resignation i6i7n2 removal from Buckingham to Aylesbury i576&m Bank of England rjSGni Assyrians, the 1433 Barante, baron Amable Guillaume Prosper Asylum Association Life Insurance Co 13576^2 Brigiere de I27o&n5 Athenaeum, The 38iXn4, 538X, 84oR&n6, io83R: Barber, Ann (a servant) I46o&n7 Isaac's letter in (1835) 4igR&ni3 Barham, A.F.: proposes to publish Young Athenaeum Club: D'S attempt to join it (1835) England 1399™ 38iX, 38iXA&n2; D asks the secretary to call Baring, Francis Thornhill (later 3rd Bt, later on him i292&m; expels a member for stealing ist Baron Northbrook) (VOL HI) 1046112, books I528&n5 I28i&nn2&3 Atherton, James 1362^, 1375&H2 Barker, Rose and Norton i484ni Atlas, The: and D'S rumoured exclusion from the Barker, Thomas Raymond (VOL in) 891117, Carlton i36om i555&m Atterbury, Francis i6ign7 Barlow, W I28in2 Attwood, Thomas (VOL i) 193116, 94aXm Barnes, Thomas (VOL i) 3604, 4igR, 1437111 August Ludwig Victor, Prince of Saxe-CoburgBarrot, Adolphe i265mo Gotha I26gn2i Amy, Thomas I3i6&n3 Amyot, Ferdinand-Fleurus I458&ni Amyot, Pierre 1458111 Amyot, Thomas (VOL n) 371114, 38iXA Andersen, Hans Christian i53O&n5 Andover Committee 1392™, I4y6&m, i485&m, I507ni, ^n&ng, 1519™, i524&m Anglesey, ist Marquess of (VOL n) 4o8ni6,

410

Barrot, Georgina 12651110, I272&n5 Barrot, Madame (Odilon) i265&mo, 1272 Barrot, Odilon I264&nn, i265&nio, 1272 Barrot, Theodore Adolphe 1272&H5 Bartlett, Robert 1555111 Basevi, Frances Agneta (VOL i) 174112, 1446™ Basevi, George Jr (VOL i) 2in8: his fatal accident at Ely Cathedral 1446™ Bate, Richard I38g&n2 Bateman, Mr 1429^ Bateson, Sir Robert, ist Bt I492&n3, 1519^ Bath: Mrs Yate's house at I264&ni7 Baudrand, Marie Etienne Francois I265&n7, I272ni, I3i5&n4, I452n5: and D'S reception by Louis Philippe i266&ec&ni, i267&ec, 1268, I269&ni8; entertains the DS 1270, I456&n3; on behalf of Louis Philippe forwards La Presse to D I28g&n3; shows Louis Philippe article on D'S Maine boundary speech I30in2; gets D invitation to French Embassy 1307^; shows D'S letters on Tahiti and Morocco to Louis Phillipe I373n2 Baudrand, Sophie I265&n7, ^GgniS, 1270, I3i5&m, 1452ns, 1454, 1456^ Baudry's European Library: publishes an edition of Coningsby 1403^ Bauffremont, Prince Alphonse Charles Jean, duefdjfh,

de I264&ni8 Bauffremont, Prince Paul Antoine Jean de I264&ni8 Bauffremont, Prince Roger Alexandre Jean de I264&ni8, 1265 Baxter, Robert 1582 &n3 1584 Baxter, Robert Dudley 1582^ Baxter, Rose and Norton 1484™, 1582^, i6o6m Beards, Thomas i57gm Bearwood: the DS at 13628011 Beasley, J.C. I5ii&n8 Beauclerk, Charles Robert I226ng Beauclerk, George Robert (VOL n) 646n23, i226ng, I265&ni5 Beaufort, 7th Duke of (VOL n) 386115, 453Rnn8&g, 730n6, I264&n4, i6o7&n8 Beaumaris io83R Beaumont de la Bonniniere, Gustave Auguste de I265&ni6, 1272 Beauvale, ist Baron (later 3rd Viscount Melbourne) (VOL HI) 1109112, i453ec Beckford, William (VOL i) 193111, I272n6 Bedford, Duchess of (7th Duke) (VOL i) 288112, 936X, 1509^ Bedford, 7th Duke of 936X, i6ign4 Behnes, Henry 1546™ Behnes, William: executes a bust of D I546&ni Belgiojoso, Prince Emilio 1507^ Belgiojoso, Princess Cristina Trivulzio I504&n8, isosns, 1507^117-9 Belhaven and Stenton, 8th Baron i6o7&n8 Bellini, Vincenzo i55om: I Puritani I422ni Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle i445n4 Bell's New Weekly Messenger 1445^

Bell's Weekly Messenger 1445^4 Belshazzar 1272 Belvoir Castle 1385, 1501, 1502, 1504, 1505, 1506, i5O7&nn, 1508, 1509, 1510, 1515 Bengal, Bay of 1433 Bennett, George John 352R&n5 Bent, John i555ni Bentham, Jeremy i39om Bentinck, Lord George (VOL n) 784112, 35gXn3, I486n3, I5oon2, 1505, 1510, i5ii&nm&9, I 53m2'1I537nl> W™, !542> !547ni. I on the Irish famine 1455^; as a leader with D of party malcontents (1846) 1462™; as chancellor of the exchequer in a proposed government 1489^; and the 1846 dispute over the 1829 reporting of Peel 1499^; and the Protectionist demonstration at Lynn i5oi&m, I503&nn2&4 &6, I504&nn2&3; and the Protectionist demonstration at Waltham I5o6&m; and the Wellington monument i507&nmo-n, 1515; speech on Carrying Trade with the Spanish Colonies I5i2ni; 'a parliamentary phenomenon' 1514; and the Protectionist demonstration for Newdegate at Coleshill I5i6na; on Ireland I5i9&nni&2&7-g; his grand panacea for Ireland I524&nm&3; and the Hughenden purchase 1526™, I52g&nn2&3, i6o3&n2, i6o4&n2; consults with D at Bradenham 15305012; his Irish Railway Bill 1533&ni, I57gn2, 1608; as Anti-Peel' i563ni; and the election returns (1847) J593 > predicts a November session (1847) i6o2n5; and the Rothschild affair i6o7&nn3&5&8&g; speech on the 1847 financial crisis i6o8&nn3&4, 1609; ill with influenza i6n&n3; resigns as Protectionist leader i6i7&nn2&4&5; D as his 'companion in adversity' i6i9&nm&2 Bentinck, Lord Henry 1595m: goes into politics to support D I466&n2 Bentley, Richard (VOL i) 71111, 1399111, 1452^4, I53on5: and D'S attempts to recover the copyright of The Young Duke i462&m, I474&nn2&3, i48i&m, 1486, 1487, I488&m, i525&nm-3 Benyon, Benjamin i47ini Berchtold, Countess I232n6 Beresford, George de la Poer (later 2nd Bt) 1226&I15 Beresford, William 15536^2, isgini: a leader of the National Club 1519^; helps D with his 1847 canvass i57im; and the election returns 1593; and Bentinck's resignation i6i7n2; 'more rapacious than ambitious' iGig&ni Beresford, ist Viscount 936X&nn, I226n5 Beresford, Viscountess (ist Viscount) 936X&nii, I226n5 Berkeley, Craven FitzHardinge (VOL HI) 902111, 936X, I5i4ng: and the Wellington monument 15071™, 1515 Berkeley, Sir George Cranfield I232n5 Berkeley, Maurice Frederick FitzHardinge (later ist Baron FitzHardinge) (VOL HI) 902111, i24om Berkeley, 6th Earl of i2ogn3 411

Berlin 12268012: the reception of Coningsby at i388&nm&5; the DS propose to visit (1845) i40o&ni Berlyn, Peter 1362^, I374&ni, I4ii&n2 Bermuda turtle 14458^2 Bernal, Ralph Jr. See Osborne, Ralph BernalBernal, Ralph Sr I238n3 Bernard, Charles de: his The Lover and the Husband I238&n6 Bernard, Thomas Tyringham 1555™ Berryer, Antoine Pierre ia64&ni3 Berryer (fils) I264ni3 Berlin, Edouard Francois I268&ng Bertin, Louis Frangois i268ng Bertin, Louis Marie Armand I268&ng Bertin de Vaux, Louis Francois I268&ng Bessborough, 4th Earl of 1475^ Birch, William Henry 1265^ Birmingham 1370: D declines invitation to attend a Trades Union meeting at i397&ec Birmingham Athenic Institution 1379113: Manners's speech at i375&m Blackheath ySi&ni Blackstone, William Seymour (VOL in) 89in3, 936X1 'determined no more to support Peel' 12198014; opposes Peel's corn law bill 1225^ Blake, Richard 68iXm Blanc, Jean Joseph Louis i46o&ni Blantyre, nth Baron i55om Blessington, Countess of (VOL i) 178116, 38iX, 1308, I356n8: entertains D 352R, 53oR, 1229, 1232, 1233; sends D a waistcoat i05iR; 'very altered' I23i&n3; publishes D'S 'The Midland Ocean' I245&m; and D'S 'Fantasia' I324&nni&3; D sends her 'some black game' 1333; entertains the DS I344&m; on Coningsby i344&m; Isaacc, responds to her verses on his 79th birthday I4o6&nm&2; invites the DS to meet H.C. Andersen 1530^ Blewitt, Reginald James I336n6 Blomfield, Charles James (Bishop of London) (VOL n) 7861112, 1379115 'Blue pill' I563&n2 Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich I433&ni8 Board wages 4igR&n2 'Bobby' 1213 Boerhaave, Hermann 453R&n4 Bohn, Henry George: and the remaindering of, Isaac's Curiosities I425&ni Boldero, Henry George I5i4&ng Bolingbroke, ist Viscount 13208^3, 1563m, i6ig&n3 Bolton Abbey I407&n4 Bonaparte, Napoleon I264nn3&9, I268&n5, 1549™ Bonaparte, Prince Louis Napoleon (later Emperor Napoleon HI) (VOL HI) 971117, io83R, ia64ni3, I3i8n2, I4i7ni, i494&nm&3, i507n7 Bonham, Francis Robert (VOL n) 466ni, 755X, 84oR, I269ni5, 1394n2: D suspects of being Peel's spy I2i4&n5 Bonham, John i535nm&2, i536m Boodle's Club 538X 412

Book of Beauty: 449X8013, i245ni Bordeaux, due de (Henri v of France, usually known as comte de Chambord) I27on3 Borel, Angelina I22gn6 Borthwick, Peter I28i&n3, i36om, 1529^ Boston, 3rd Baron i555ni Boswell, James i6ign5 Botta, Paul Emile (VOL i) 112113, 1456^ Boucicault, Dion I4i6m: his farce Curiosities of Literature premiers 1263&n3 Boulogne 1444^3 Bown, Henry (an under-butler) I563&n6 Bowring, John (VOL i) 122114, 1213&n6, 1233&n3 Box, Philip 1565^ Bradbury and Evans 1340^, I386&n3, 1599^ Bradenham 3iiR, ioi7R, i228&ec, 1230, i258&m, 1269, 1278, 1319, 1323, i368&m, 1418, 1428, '434, i459&ni. Wee. i5i9&nnl&8. !539&n5. 1593, 1598, i6oo&m, 1607: Sara Austen to visit (1833) 282X5 visited by Lyndhurst and Lady Sykes (1835) 4igR&n2; and D'S mailforwarding arrangements 1214; D'S 'disgust and apprehension' whenever he goes there I2i7&n2; its library 1233; supplies the DS with produce I252&ec, 1255; burglary at 12658011; D writes Coningsby at 13268014; D concerned about thefuifdsk harvest at 1446 Bradley, WJ. I446&n3 Bradshaw, James (VOL in) 724113: on Coningsby 1347 Brandon 1503 Brandon, Isaac I456&n2 Brayfield House 1564, 1565, 1566 Brazil: and the sugar question i5Oon2 Breadalbane, 2nd Marquess of i579ni Breidenbach, H.: D's barber I222&n8 Bresson, M de (French ambassador at Madrid) I53on3 Brett, William Baliol (later ist Viscount Esher) 1336^ Bright, John: elected for Durham I3i8&n5 Brighton 853X8011, I056X, 1230, 1450^, 15318012, 1579. '580 'Brighton director' 126580115 Brignole-Sale, marquis Antoine de I27o&n8 Bristol, ist Marquess of I453n4 Bristol Gas and Light Co I2i5n2, 1221 Britannic Censor, The 13938^1

British Embassy at Paris: 'perfectly in the dark' (1845) J453; Ds attend ball at I46o, British Museum: Parliamentary Report of Committee on 12338017 British Quarterly Review, The 1434117

Britton, John (VOL HI) 7421113: on 'Christian Architecture' in Coningsby 13568017 Brougham and Vaux, ist Baron (VOL i) 105111, 12748cm, 1312,1530 Brown, Gore i548m Brown, Hannah I37on6 Brown, William 1563^ Brownlow, ist Earl (VOL n) 4081117, H56Xn5

for Bucks I576nn2&7; reports meeting at Winslow I577n3 Bucks Independent, The I55in6 Bucks Yeomanry Corps 1389™ Budget (1842) 1225, 1230, 1231 Bull, Humphrey I576n8 Buller, Charles (VOL i) 355111, i253&ec, 1255, i32O&m, I4i2ni, 1515 I475n3 Buller, John I3i4ni2 Bucharest, Treaty of i32im Buller, Sir John Buller Yarde, 3rd Bt (later Buchon, Jean Alexandre I265ni7, I268&ni3 ist Baron Churston) (VOL HI) 1033112, Buckingham io83R, 1566: summer assizes at iO38X&ec, ^Goni i576&m Bull Inn, Shrewsbury 1370, 1371, 1574m: D is Buckingham, Leicester Silk 1447^ supported at i464ni, 1467, i468&m Buckingham and Chandos, ist Duke of (VOL i) Bulwer Lytton, Sir Edward. See Lytton, Sir 2281110, I203n2 Edward Bulwer Buckingham and Chandos, 2nd Duke of (VOL i) Bulwer, William Henry Lytton (later ist Baron 352113, 453R, 942X^5, 1225, 1362^10, I40on2, Dalling and Lytton) (VOL i) 107113, I265&n3, i453m, 1454115, i493&ny, 1515, 1571111, isyGnS, 1269, I53on3: entertained by the DS 1261; and 1611: D discusses politics with (1834) 352R; D'S reception by Louis Philippe i266&m, 1267 and the malt tax (1835) 38iX&m; praises a Burdett, Lady (5th Bt) (VOL HI) 975111: her speech of D'S (1836) 538X5 his 'grand dinner' death 1336™ (1838) a 'failure' 755X5 resigns from Peel's Burdett, Sir Francis, 5th Bt (VOL i) igSni, cabinet i202&nm&2; takes the Garter I203&n2 iO4gX&n4, i475&nm&4: final illness and death i2O4&n4; and D'S consular motion 1222; the DS i336&ec&m entertain 1284™; wears the Garter on pantBurdett-Coutts, Angela Georgina (later Baroness) aloons I3i4&nn3&7&io; and the formation of (VOL in) 748&n8, 1336m: pursued by Smythe the Royal Bucks Agricultural Association i37on6, i375n3 I338&n4; entertains the Queen at Stowe (1845) Burgos cathedral 84oR&n5 I38g&m; offers his influence to Walter Sr Burgoyne, John I5ii&n7, 1515 i473&m; suggests Melbourne be asked to join a Burke, Edmund 453R, 1493111 Whig-Protectionist government I4g2&n2; 'the Burke, Sir John, 2nd Bt I232&n7 Grenville family' 1568™; and the question of Burlington, ist Earl of 1559^ D'S independence in 1847 (from '316 is abused I575ni; calls on Chandos to stand

Bruce, Charles Lennox Gumming (VOL in) 10721110, 1225 Brummell, George Bryan 'Beau' I347&n4 Brunnow, Baroness Lj.28nn4&5 Brunnow, Philipp Ivanovich, Baron (later Count) von 1428^ Buccleuch, 5th Duke of (VOL i) 306115, I3i4&n7,

413

Cambridge, ist Duke of (VOL i) 259112, I3i4&nn4&g, 1316, 1318113: D presented to (1838) 755X Camille: one of Lord Hertford's 'three French Women' I22g&n6 Campbell, Dugald Forbes i549&ni Campbell, John I450n3 Campbell, Walter Frederick i6o7&n8 Campbell, ist Baron (VOL n) 686n3, 1391 Campbells, the (Sir Hugh Purves) Hume- i284ni Canada: Lower Canada Bill debate (1838) yisR; D'S fame in 1447; the Oregon Territory question I45on2 Canary Islands, inhabitants of the 1433 Cancrin (or Kankrin), Count Georg von I388&n5 Cancrin (or Kankrin), Frans Ludwig von I388&n5 Candy, Charles ia63&n2 Candy, Mrs 1263 Canning, George (VOL i) 21117, 1226, I5ign8: Peel quotes him 1394^, 1396^; and the 1846 dispute over the 1829 reporting of Peel I49gn2 Canning, Sir Stratford (later ist Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe) (VOL HI) 1001112, I447n5 Cannizzaro, Duchess of (VOL HI) 1086113: and Di Novo i232&na Cantelupe, Viscount (VOL in) 730117, H56X, 1362 Canterbury: Young England active at in support of Smythe (1841) H26R&ec&nn2&4 Canterbury, ist Viscount (VOL i) 273116, 675R&m, i225&n2 Capua, Prince of (VOL in) 748116, i035R&n2 Capua, Princess of (VOL in) 748116, i035Rn2 Carey, Edward L. i4O3&n2, 1420 Carey and Hart: D protests the quality of their pirated edition of Coningsby i4O3&nm&2, i404ni, 1420 Carlists, French: favour Thiers 1264 Carlo Alberto, King of Sardinia I2yon7 Carlos Luis, Don, Count de Montemolin: admired by Manners 1524^, i52gnni&3 Carlton Club 53oR, 755X, 84oR, 1201, 1224, 1225, 1273, '3°. '340, H92, 1494. 1499. 1582, 1597: rumoured attempt to exclude D i36o&m; as D'S business address 1427, 1483, 1484, 1532, 1540; and D'S clandestine correspondence with Sarah I3i4&m, 1402^3, 1428, 1434, 1441, I500&ec, 1510, 1528, 1595; D meets Bentinck at I529&ec&n2 Carlton Garden io83R, II56X Carlyle, Thomas 1407^: and Milnes's Palm Leaves I33gn2 Caroline, uss I25in2 Carrington, Eva Elizabeth (later Countess of Harrington) i6i9&n8 Carrington, George 1555™ Carrington, ist Baron (VOL i) 991114, 453Rng Carrington, 2nd Baron (VOL i) 134111, 936X, i539&m, 1540, i568m, i57i&m, i572&ec, 1619: D asks to be made a DL of Bucks I400&n2, I4i8&ec&m, 1434 414

Carrington, Baroness (and Baron) (VOL in) 1082115, i6ig&n8 Carter, Frederick (a servant) i5O5&n8 Carter (a creditor) I49im Carteret, John. See Granville, ist Earl Caspian sea 1433 Cassel, France 1446, 1451: described I444&n3, I447&n2, 1448, 1450; D describes a fete at 1445; tne DS leave it for Paris 1452 15532 Castellane, comte de I26gn2 Castellane, comtesse de I26g&n2, 1270 Castile I433ni3 Castille and Leon: D'S arms I395&n3 Castlereagh, Viscount (later 4th Marquess of Londonderry) (VOL i) 2421110, I362&n5 Catholic Emancipation 1312^, I49gn2 Catullus 1609&n2 Caucasus mountains 1433 Cavendish, Charles Compton (later ist Baron Chesham) 1551^, I554n2, I55g&n3, 1563™, 1569™, i57on2, 1571111, 1575, 1588™ Cetto, Baron de (VOL in) 1124112, i284ni, 1456 Cetto, Baron de (his father) 1456 Cetto, Baroness de i284ni Chabannes La Palice, comte Alfred de: aide-decamp to Louis Philippe I267&ec&ni, 1268 Chabot, comte Philippe de Rohan-. See Jarnac, comte de Chabot, Louis William de Rohan, vicomte de I26g&n8 Chabot, vicomtesse de I26gn8 Chambellan, comte de 12648^19 Chamber of Deputies 1265: the DS at opening (1843) 12?2&ni Chamber of Peers: the DS visit 1272 Chambers, Robert: his Vestiges 'convulsing the world' I38g&n3 Champion, James i555ni Chancery, Court of 1356^1 Chandler, Mary (the DS' cook) I358n6 Chandos, Marchioness of (later Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos) 1585^ Chandos, Marquess of (later 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos) (VOL in) 936112, 1434, I554n2: celebrates his majority I362&mo; D asks his intentions about standing for Bucks 1547∋ rumoured as candidate in Bucks I576&nm&2&8; and his father's financial collapse i579&m, i58o&m, i59i&m; meets with D about his financial dispute with his father I582&m, 1584, I585&n2; ill with influenza 1611 Chapman, Thomas i235&m, I246&ni, i254&m, i299&m Chapman, Thomas Sands i555m Chapman & Hall i53on6 Chapman & Sands 1246m Charles 11519^5 Charleville, 2nd Earl of (VOL in) 971114, 936X Charlotte Augusta, Queen of the Belgians I42im Charlton, Fanny Dora I362&n3 Charlton, Thomas Broughton I362&n3

Charluz, baronne de 1265117 Charterhouse 84oR&n4 Chartists and Chartism: D'S 1839 speech on 94aX&m; the great general upheaval (August 1842) i258&ec&m; Cooper the Chartist 1407^, I4i3&m; D dissociates himself from its opposition to the poor law I56i&m Chase, John W. 1555m Chasles, Philarete ia68&ni5 Chatham, ist Earl of (Pitt the Elder) 1320^, I3goni, i563ni: D compares himself to iggG&m Chatterton, Lady (ist Bt): 'a celebrated blue' 936X&n7 Chatterton, Sir William Abraham, ist Bt (VOL in) 1139111, 936X^7 Chesham I576&n2 Chester 1443, 1501 Chester, Anthony i56o&nni&2, 1563^3, 1564, I566&n3 Chester, Charles I566n3 Chester, Henrietta 1563&U3, 1564, 1566 Chester, Sir John, 4th Bt 1563^ Chesterfield, 6th Earl of (VOL i) 331114, 93&X, 1224 Chetham Society Ljnm Chetwode, George i555m, i57gm Chicheley Hall I563&n3, 1564, 1566 China 1514 Chippendale, Thomas 1594m Cholmondeley, Hugh (later 2nd Baron Delamere) ii56X&n8 Chorley, Henry Fothergill 38iX&n4 Chotek, Countess Louise I43in2 Christian Remembrancer, The: reviews Coningsby i35i&m Christie, William Dougal I238&ec&n3, i524&nm&3 Christie and Manson I5gi&n2 Christopher, Robert Adam (VOL in) 89102, i2O4&ec&n2, I2i7n4, I2ign4 Church and State Gazette: and D'S position on the Church i573A&ec&m, 1576^ Cid, El 84oRn5 Cintrat, Pierre ia64&ni5 Clarence Club 1049X^2 Clarke, Charles 1388*^4 Clary-Aldringen, Prince Charles i43in2 Clayton, Richard Rice (VOL HI) 834112, 84oRn6, !555nl Clayton, Sir William Robert, 5th Bt 84oR&n6 Cleveland, ist Duke of: his death I203n2 Cleveland, 2nd Duke of I3i4&nn5&7, 1362^2 Cleveland, Duchess of (2nd Duke) !362&na Clive, Viscount (later 3rd Earl of Powis) I28o&nn2&4, i47im Cobden, Richard 1323^, i494&m: praises D'S consular speech I224&n3; on need for free trade with the U.S. 1255^3; mvites D to speak in Manchester 1326^; on Gladstone'sdfj, resignation from cabinet (1845) I39mi! ne an The Times 'will alone triumph' (Dec 1845) i454&ns

Cochrane, Alexander Baillie- (later ist Baron Lamington) (VOL HI) 1032114, 1264, 1362, 1391: and The Courier i056Xm; as part of Young England group helping Smythe at Canterbury (1841) ii26Rn4; on D and Louis Philippe (1842) 1269^4; on Coningsby 1343; his 'Green Gage' and Smythe I37on6; marriage I385&n2 Cochrane, Annabella: marriage 1385&H2 Cockburn, Sir James, 5th(?) Bt 936Xn3 Cockerell, Cecilia Olivia 1278^ Cockerell and Co 1586m Colborne, William Nicholas Ridley: entertained by the DS ^igm Colburn, Henry (VOL i) 60112, 538X, 1530^: publishes Coningsby 1341 &ni, i342ni; publishes 2nd edition of Coningsby I356&nn4&6; publishes 3rd edition of Coningsby 1358^; publishes Smythe's Historic Fancies 1362^; D seeks alternative publisher through Wright 1386^3; advertises Sybil as 'in press' I4om2; publishes Sybil i4O2m; D introduces Cooper the Chartist to him 1407^, I4i3&m; and a proposed 10-volume edition of D'S works 1427^3; publishes new editions of Alrcy and Contarini Fleming i^.^&.n.y, i436&nm-4, i46mi; and the copyright to The Young Duke iqjozm., 1474^3; on Bulwer's Lucretia I528&n3; publishes Tancred 1539^ Cole, Thomas: a Shrewsbury supporter of D I468&m Coleridge, Sir John Taylor (VOL i) 37111, i539&nm&2, 1540 Coleshill I5i6ec&nm&2, I522ni Colettis, loannis I26g&ni7 Cologne: 'the "Cologne Review"' and Ralph's travels I263&n4 Cologne cathedral 84oR Colstrope farm, Bucks I427&n2: Isaac assigns its rent to D (1837) i282ni Columbia river I45on2 Combermere, ist Viscount (VOL n) 682n7: assesses D'S status at Shrewsbury (1846) i5Oi&n5, (l847) !537m Commons, House of 68iX&m, 1338, 1471, 1545, 155°> !552. J555> I579&n2> l6°5: strict ruleedhjd, for order papers I2i3&nn4&7; over-6os' list I2i5m; addresses to the crown I225&n2, I233n3; Library 1238; new election committee procedures (after 1841) I240&n3; election committee hours I288&n2, 1289^; hours of meeting extended ^igm; reference to Coningsby in 1356^2; reaction to D'S 28 Feb 1845 philippic against Peel 13966012; privileges I495n3; censures Ferrand I524&m; D as 'Galerien' in i54i&m; and the oath of office i6o7&n5; D on the front bench below the red box i6o8&n4; as a 'utilitarian senate' 1609 Condition of England: and D'S Shrewsbury speech (Aug 1844) 1372 Coningham, John 84oRn2 Coningsby (a race horse) 14506^7

4*5

Conservative Association of the City of London I2o6n3 Conservative Club: D works for Rose's admission to i6i8&m Conservatives: work for D at Lynn Regis (l834'5) 359x&n35their prospects (1835) 38iX; opposition to Municipal Corporations Bill (1835) 4-igR; and The Courier losGXni; reluctant to break with Peel over Corn Laws i2O4&nm&3; have no doubt of D'S support 1219; a section of to declare against Peel I225&n4; D finds himself leader of the young and new members 1229; and D'S question on recognizing the independence of Texas i247&m and the Maine boundary dispute 1249; insensitive admin istration of Ireland 1312^; 'cut ... in the wind' by Londonderry I3i8&n5; D advocates return to 'old Tory principles' i32O&nm-5; Ministry reported humbled by Young England i323&nni&6; D predicts their downfall (1844) I358n6; some at Shrewsbury are alienated by D'S Maynooth speech i4Oim; 'the Government may break up' I450&nn2&6; Louis Philippe wonders whether the government can stand 1452; to summon parliament (1846) 1454™; 'in difficulties' (Jan 1846) I46o&n3; '70 Tories' at Shrewsbury 'to plump for' D 1464™; possibility of a group joining Whigs under Palmerston 1472™; and D'S Corn Bill speech I493&n6; the fall of the government (1846) I497&n2, i499&nm&2; dissidents and the sugar question (1846) I50on2; 'some time before our party is re-organized' I5i4&n5; 'rancor flourishes' (1846) 1515; and the National Club I5ign2; 'Phocion' articles promoting Protectionists as the true party I530n2 Consols 1489, 1610 Constantine, Grand Duke, of Prussia i57om Constantinople 1287 Conyngham, Lord Albert Denison (later ist Baron Londesborough) (VOL i) 329116, H26Rn2 Cookesley, William Giflbrd 1555™, i562ec, I57on2, 1576: and the Eton scenes in Coningsby I34i&n31364&n2; and D'S 1847 election 1559™ Cooper, Thomas, the Chartist: D introduces him to publishers i4O7&n5, I4i3&m Copeland, Thomas I55in4 Copeland, William 124013 Copeland, William Taylor I24i&n3 Copley, Mary (Lyndhurst's sister) (VOL n) 4ioni, 4igRn2, 44gXn4 Copley, Sarah Elizabeth (VOL i) 352111, 352R, 4igRn2 Copley, Sophia Clarence (VOL i) 352111, 352R, 4igRn2 Copley, Susannah Farnum (Lyndhurst's mother) (VOL n) 466113, 4igRn2 Copley, Susan Penelope (VOL i) 352111, 352R, 4igRn2 Coppock, James (VOL HI) 810112, 755X 416

Copyright Bill: D feels obliged to vote on I233&n2; D considers speaking in debate on Mahon's bill I238&n5 Cordova 53oR Cork and Orrery, Countess of (VOL i) 267113: reported to be dying (1837) 68iX&ec&n3 Corn Laws i32o&nm&2&5, I45on6, i454nm&5, 1489™, i49om, i492ni, 15^4, ^ignni&g: 'damned Corn' debate (1839) go6X; Peel's 1842 proposal i202ni; Christopher and Russell counter Peel's proposal i2O4&nm&2&4; division on Russell's amendment to Peel's proposal I2o6&n4, I2o8&m; Napier thinks D'S consular motion more important than 1207; Villiers's 1842 repeal motion i2O9n2; debate on Villiers's motion postpones D'S motion I2io&n2, I2ii&n2, 1212, 1213; Hutt's flour duties motion 1213^; D assesses speeches on Villiers's motion I2i4&nn7&8&g; Peel's proposal is passed I2ig&n4; repeal of planned at Stowe (January 1845) l$9nl> I453m> 'must eventu, ly break up the government' 1451; and Peel's resignation (1845) I452n3> D thinks that will be impossible to carry Repeal' 1455; Peel announces his repeal measures 1460^, I47in2; Peel's repeal bill 1475^; Palmerston supports a fixed duty during repeal debate I477&nn2&3; Corn Bill (1846) passed in the Commons I486&n3, I53in2; and D'S correspondence with Sandars in The Times i493&nni&2&4; D announces he will not fight the repeal I55i&n3; repeal and the 1847 financial crisis 1593^; Bentinck diagnoses the effect of repeal i6o8n3 Corry, Montagu William Lowry (later ist Baron Rowton) 356ec Cortis, John I555ni Cottenham, ist Baron (later ist Earl of Cottenham) (VOL n) 444111, i6o2n5 Country Sport and Messenger of Agriculture

!445n4 Courier, The 453R&n6, 675R: and Young England i056X&m Court, Henry 1362^ Court Journal, The: and D'S rumoured exclusion from the Carlton rjGoni Court of Equity 1610 Cousin, Victor 1270, 1275, 1454: delivers a lecture to D I268&n7 Coutts and Co, bankers I37on6 Covent Garden, Royal Opera House I5g6ni Cowley, Baroness (ist Baron) !2&5&n3 I275n2 Cowley, ist Baron 1269, I27in2, I275n2, I453&n6: entertains the DS in Paris 12&5&I13; and D'S reception by Louis Philippe i266&m, 1267 Cowper, William Francis (later ist Baron MountTemple) (VOL n) 4081127, I43on2 Cox, Edward William (VOL n) 409112, rjGini Cracow, Poland I2i4n2, I224&n6, i54im Cranford Park I2og&n3 Crawford, 24th Earl of 1450^

Crimean War 1508112 Cripps, William 1360111 Critic, The 1361111 Crockford, John 1361™ Crockford's Club 1224, 1226, 1263, i399ni; D proposes Mehemet Emin Aali Pasha for membership i287&m; threatened by new gaming act I434&n8 Croker, John Wilson (VOL i) 42114 1607^: and Lord Hertford's will 1222, 1229^5, 1230^3, I232&nn3&8; on Young England 1323^; in Coningsby 1341^ Crossley, James: and D'S gift of Sybil to the Manchester Athenaeum i4ii&nni&3; D approaches him for a loan L^ay&ec&m Crown and Anchor Tavern, the Strand 1561 Culverwell, Richard (VOL i) 326111,1353&ni,

1355. '357 Cunningham, Charles I336n2 Cunningham, Peter: 'great authority' on D'Orsay's affairs I336&n2 Currie, Woodgate and Williams, solicitors 15826012, 1585 Curtis. See Robarts, Curtis and Co, bankers Curtis, Sir William, 2nd Bt I26mi Curzon, Viscount (later 2nd Earl Howe) I434&n5 Gush 1433^15 Cushny, Alexander 1534™ Cushny, John i534&ni Dalrymple, Lady (and Bt) 755X&n6 Dalrymple, Sir Adolphus John, 2nd Bt 755X&n6 D'Ambre, Henrietta I22gn6 Dana, Samuel Luther I443n2 Danube river: as a route for cheap wheat I493&nm&5 Dare, Robert Westley Hall 38iX&n2 D'Arlincourt, Victor Prevost, vicomte: 'a regular Brandon' I456&n2 Dauncey, Philip I577&n3 Davis, J.P. i243m, ia86n3 Dawson, Francis Alexander i2O7&n2 Dawson, Frederick i2O7&n2 Dawson, George (VOL i) 242115, i2O7n2, I434n2 Dawson, George Beresford i2O7&n2 Dawson, Henry i2O7&n2 Dawson, Mary (VOL i) 2831110, 1233, 1434^, I455ni: D calls on I207&n2; is friendly and disagreeable 1211 &n3; D suspects of being Peel's spy 12148015; calls on the DS 1236; deplores rift between Peel and D I337n6 Dawson, Robert Peel i2O7&n2: and MA'S 1845 will I434n2 Day, Charles Thomas 1392m Day, William i392&ec&ni Dayrell, Edmund Francis I557&ni Deacon, William Frederick 1409™: supports Young England I38o&ni Deane, Richard 1555™ Decazes, Mademoiselle 1454^3 Decazes, Egedie, duchesse I27o&n4, 1454: the DS attend her concert 12728012

Decazes, Elie, due I26g&n7, I270&n4, 1453, 14548011 Deceased-Wife's-Sister Bill iai3n2 Decies, ist Baron 936Xnn Deepdene, The 1203, i23o&m, i233&m, I323&nn3&7, 1324, i326&m, i52g&m Deering, John Peter (VOL in) 1089114, 1537™, I55in6, 1555™ De Grey, ist Earl I207n2, 1514^ De Horsey, Louisa Maria Judith i23O&n4 De Horsey, Spencer Horsey I222&n6, i23O&nn4&5, I232n3 Dejazet, Pauline Virginie I265&ni3 De la Haye, Louis Marie, vicomte de Cormenin HSW

Delane, John Thadeus 1565^: and the treatment of Coningsby in The Times I345∋ D asks him to suppress rumours of a sale at Stowe 1591 De La Warr, Countess (5th Earl) (VOL in) 796112, 1222, i38gm De La Warr, 5th Earl (VOL in) 796112, 1389™ 'Delphine': Smythe's 'pianiste' 13708016 Demidoff, General 1264^ Demmler, F: proposes to translate D'S novels into German 1403^ Denvil, Henry Gaskell (VOL i) 352112, 352R8oi5 Derby, The I45on7 Derby, i3th Earl of I3gin2 Dering, Sir Edward, 7th Bt 1514^ De Saumarez, 2nd Baron 755X&n2 D'Este, Augusta Emma. See Wilde, Lady Devon and Exeter Institution i394ni Devonshire, 6th Duke of (VOL n) 376113, 942Xn2 Dewar, Daniel 1534m Dewar, Edward i534&ni Dibbs, William Shakespeare: the hero of Boucicault's Curiosities of Literature 1263^ Dick, Quintin (VOL n) 476112, 53oR, 1233, i5O4ni, I54in3, 1618: 'like a stale lemon' at prospect of income tax 1230; the DS entertain i284m, I4i2ni; at the Waverley Ball 1362 Dickens, Charles i305ni, 1386^, I46on5, I528n2, I53on6: Pickwick Papers 95gXn6; D cites Sam Weller 12838™!; in the chair at D'S speech in Manchester 1326^; contrasted to D I452H5 Dinorben, Baroness (ist Baron) iO35Rn2 Dinorben, ist Baron iO35Rn2 Di Novo: and the Duchess of Cannizzaro 12328012 Disraeli, Benjamin: elections at Wycombe in the 18303 2OiXec; planning to stand for Marylebone (1833) 260X8013; protests that he has not treated his friends shabbily (1833) 282X5 as the only one who could combine two parties (1834) 356X8011; prospects of standing for Lynn Regis (1834-5) 359X8013; his attempt to join the Athenaeum (1835) 38iX, 38iXA&n2; his work on Lyndhurst's amendment to the Municipal Corporations Bill (1835) 4igR; sends J. Hume a proof of an 'address' (1836?) 465X8mi; attends a House dinner at the Carlton (1836) 53oR; presented to the Duke of Cambridge 417

(1838) 755^; Austin's libel case against 84oR&ng; sends condolences to BEL on death of his father (1838) 853X5 his frustrated attempts to catch the Speaker's eye (1839) 906X5 is unable to make his prepared speech on the Prussian League (1839) 959X5 financial dealings on his wedding day (1839) 995X&ec; and The Courier io56X&m; declines Young England invitation in 1841 to help Smythe at Canterbury na6R&n4; on the uncertainty of affairs before the fall of the Whigs (1841) 1156X5 asks for Stanley's Lives of the Philosophers I20i&n4; long conversation with Duke of Buckingham and Chandos over resignation from cabinet 1202; as jury member at mock inquest into Duke of Buckingham and Chandos having 'hanged himself with a garter' I204&n4; writes a valentine to 'little Arthur Hamilton' i2O5&ec&m; votes with government on Corn Laws I2o6n4; works on notice regarding Shrewsbury petition I207&n4; feels obliged to vote in division on Russell's amendment I2o8&m; his letters to MA are 'sacred, secret, mystical' 1211; as 'Bobby' anticipates attacking Bowring in consular motion 1213&n6; reschedules his consular motion on the order paper 1213&n4; explains to MA his mail arrangements with Bradenham I2i4&m; praises Gibson's radical corn law speech I2i4&n7; on 'political party [as] a tie among men' 1217; presence at corn law divisions 'politic & necessary' I2ig&n5; MA'S concern about his hair I222n8; 'young England' impressed by his consular speech I224&n8; sees his position in the House 'sensibly altered' 1226; finds himself leader of a party of young Tories 12298011; keeps a Diary in French I233&n8; Tomline finds him 'very able' as a colleague 1234; arranges invalid carriage for Mrs Yate 1238™; threatened with publicity of his debts I243&m; wishes to see Sir Allan McNab 1251; asked by Fremantle 'to reply to any man of note' 1255; records his indebtedness to MA in case he predeceases his father 1257; on the August 1842 disturbances 1258; writes to Graham for a post for James I26o&n2, 1261, i332&m; approaches Baudrand for access to Louis Philippe i266&m; is received by Louis Philippe i267&ec, i268&ni2, 126980124,1270,1272,1273; elected member of Society for French History I270&n5; approaches Guizot on the 'right of search' issue I27i&n3; discusses Eastern politics with Reschid Pasha I272&n3; farewell audience with Louis Philippe (1843) 1275; and Fancourt's affairs I276&n2, 12788011, i300&m; receives slippers from his mother 1277; complains of poor press coverage I28i&n3; received by the Turkish ambassador 1284™; proposes Mehemet Emin Aali Pasha for membership of Crockford's 1287; serves on Nottingham election committee I288&ec&n2, 1289^4, i29i&m, I294&ec&nn2&4; receives La 418

Presse from Louis Philippe I289&n3; hides from Exmouth that Wright is acting for D in other affairs 1293, 12968013; insurance on his life I293&n3, 1298m, 12996^4, 1325^, 1329™, I357&n2; plays cards i3Oim; praises Gallenga's Italy I305&m; fears scandal from the Mrs Edmonds affair i3O9&n2, 13108011; on Napier's victories in Sind I3i2&n2; clandestine correspondence with Sarah 1314^1, i4O2&n3, 1428, 1440, 1441, i5oo&ec, 1510, 1528, 1595; his 'fruitless effort' at getting a post for James I3i5&n2; delighted at Conservative loss of Durham by-election yiS&ns; advocates return to 'old Tory principles' i320&nm-5; breaks openly with Peel (1843) I32i&n2; reported as seeing himself the equal of Pitt and Shakespeare 1323; visits Manchester and Liverpool while working on Coningsby I326&nn3&4; hides from Bailey that Wright is D'S solicitor 1330; asks Stanley for a post for James i33i&ec&m; on the rewards of party service i332&m; sends Lady Blessington 'some black game' 1333; Peel omits to send party circular to him i337&nm-6; claims to have assisted in the formation of the first agricultural association I338&n4; describes Milnes's Palm Leaves i339&m; objects to the treatment of Coningsby in The Times I345&m, i346&m; asked for his autograph 13488011; helps Sarah with her articles on England and on Turkey I356&n6, 13658013, 13628016, 13688014, 14348cm; and the Mazzini letter-opening affair (1844) I359&m; responds to rumours of his exclusion from the Carlton 13608011; invited to chair Manchester Athenaeum meeting 136281^9; as Isaac's literary agent r^&nm&z, 1368; goes to the F.O. for RD 13688015; predicts continuance of peace with France (1844) 13688016, 1373 8cn2; bemoans being parted from MA on 5th anniversary i37o&nm&7; on Shrewsbury ... and Birmingham Railway committee 13708^2; denies having been refused a place (1841) I37m2; his letters on Tahiti and Morocco shown to Louis Philippe by Gen Baudrand I373n2; and the Manchester Athenaeum meeting 13748011; orders liveries for the under-butler 13768cm; congratulates Jarnac on handling of the French-British crisis (1844) 13778011; on 'the great financial principle' 13798014; support for Young England by The Sun 13808011; autographs 1383; on leadership as difficult office 1384; helps 'widow lady' at Wycombe 1386; 'this is not the age of Non Confidence' (1845) 1391; on his ancestry 13958011; and the Dublin Protestant Association 13988011; letter to The Times on Young England I399&nm&2; applies to Carrington to be made a DL of Bucks 14008012, 14188011, I4348cnn48c5; introduces Cooper the Chartist to publishers 14078015, 14138^1; praises Milnes's speech on Academical Institutions (Ireland) Bill 14158cm; on a railway committee I4i68cn2,

i496&m; offers his qualifications for DL of Bucks I4i8&m; on pirating of books i42O&n4; tries to get Lablache and Grisi to entertain his guests i422&m; resumes his friendship with Lady Londonderry i424∋ sees Moxon about remaindering Isaac's Curiosities I425&ec&m; tries to raise money on a proposed 10-volume edition of his works I427&n3; Lady Londonderry is 'most friendly' to 1428; responds to 'Young England Philosophy' series in MP I433&nm-2o; despairs at 'Dandies being Critics' i434&ny; makes mail arrangements with Sarah for trip to France 1441, 1443; 'pitch'd battle with [a] bantam Cock' 1445^; makes good progress at his writing at Cassel I446&n4; does not believe Peel will recall parliament on the Irish famine crisis (1845) I447&n5; on the 'gloomy and confused' state of England (Nov 1845) HS0; apprehends that one bad harvest will not break up Peel's government I45i&n2; contrasted to Dickens in Germany 1452^; offers to help Palmerston reassure Louis Philippe I453&ec&n8; 'What exciting times!' (Dec 1845) I454S sees ^45 , 'a false famine' i455&ny; pleased that Peel is to retire 1456^; enthusiastic about Le Due's work on Finland i457&m; on 'our ancient race' 1458; on French balls 1460; as a leader with Bentinck of party malcontents (1846) i462ni; invites Herries to return to parliament to support Protectionism I465&nm&2; gets support for Protectionism from the Duke of Newcastle, Stuart, and Lord Henry Bentinck i466&nm&2; asks Herries for his advice on the 1846 crisis i46g∋ attempts to get Walter Sr to stand for Windsor 1473&n2; organizing the Protectionists (1846) i475&nm&3&5; on Andover committee i476&m, 14856011; and 'the mighty mystery' (possible alliance with Palmerston in 1846) I477&nn2&3; allows Gregg to dedicate an Orange book to him LjjS∋ challenged by Col Peel I482&ec&n2; asks Rose to become his confidential agent i484&m; and the 'black' news of the Lansdowne House meeting (May 1846) I48g∋ the 'great game' of forming a Protectionist government 'is over for the moment' Ljgo∋ continues attempts to form a Whig-Protectionist government i492&m, i5O7n2; correspondence with Sandars in The Times i493&m; meets Kenealy about a seat in parliament I4g6&n3, 1498; monitors the Bucks reaction to his conduct in parliament i497&m; as paymaster general in a proposed new ministry (1846) I500n2; and the Protectionist demonstrations at Lynn and Waltham 1501 &m, 1502,1503&nn2&5&6, I504&n2, I505&nn6&y, I5o6&m, 1507; and the 'Arch Duke' monument i507&nn, I5ii&nn5&7, 15158016; a bust of him executed by Behnes 1507^, i546&m; congratulates Ponsonby on his ambassadorship 1508; and a parliamentary seat for Griffin 1509, 1553; on the country's loss of

confidence in any leaders (Aug 1846) 1514; 'the igth. Centy. smiles too much' 1515; declines attending Protectionist demonstration for Newdegate I5i6&ec&nm&2; 'the past is a dream & the future a mystery' (on Manners as Prime Minister) 1519; inquires for Newdegate's health i522&m; wishes to help Ferrand i524&nm&3; and the Hughenden purchase i526m, I529&n2, I535&n2, i536&m, 15378011, 15388cm, 1540, i543&m, i544&m, 15458*^3, I575ni, 1581 &ni, 15908011, 1597, 16008011, 16038012, 1604, 1605, i6i2&nm&2, 1613, i6i68tm; to discuss Irish Railways debate with Martin I533A; invited to stand for Rectorship of Marischal College 15348011; 1847 election i537ni; asks Chandos whether he will stand for Bucks 15478011; electioneering at Leighton Buzzard 1548m; election address I55i8tec8oi6, i5548oim&2,1556, 1557, 15608012, 1562, I576n3; election letters 15558™, i556&m, 15578011, 1558,1560, i562&ec, 1568, 15748cm; asks Richmond's help in 1847 election 155980^81:3; dissociates himself from the Chartists in 1847 election 15618011; stresses his independence 1568; is his own election reporter 15698*^8011; is abused at a Whig meeting at Aylesbury i57mi, 15758011; explains his views on church and state i573A8oii; at Quarter Sessions in Aylesbury 15768™; attends wool fair at Leighton Buzzard i5768om6-8, 1577; election colours 15788012; helps Chandos with his estate crisis 15798011, 1580, 15828011, 1584; second election address 1583 8m2; tries to benefit Rose in the Buckingham and Chandos collapse 15858012; election meeting at Winslow 15878011; pays tribute to John Walter Sr 15878012; returned for Bucks 15888011; as 'Knight of the Shire' for Bucks 15898:^2; election expenses 15928011; studies the 1847 election returns 15938013; cancels his plans to write something for Lumley i5968oim&2; fails to sell Isaac's copyrights 15998013; life insurance policies and D'S baptismal certificate i6o2&ec8oim&2; attends Quarter Sessions at Aylesbury 16028013; consults Jarnac on the Sonderbund affair 1607, 1608; laments the loss of Manners in the House 1607; acting as House leader 16088014; on tne use °f Latin in the, House 1609; handles Taff-Vale business for MA 1610; attends a 'cabinet' meeting at Stanley's i6n&ec∋ sends Lady Dorothy Nevill best wishes on her wedding i6nA&m; handles Isaac's affairs with Moxon 16148011; consults L. Rothschild 1615; on the Protectionist leadership 1617; works for Rose's admission to the Conservative Club 1618 constituency affairs: at Maidstone byelection (1838) 755X8^9; Shrewsbury petition against D'S election 12078014,1209, 1215, 12178013,1219, 1238, i239&ec&m, 12408011, i265ni, 13038011, I323n8; patronage requests from Shrewsbury 12198012, 1222; Frail calls on

4!9

I23i&n4, 1566^4; Messer i594&m; Nash 1443; D 1234; at home to a constituent in London Pyne gg^Xec, i2Oi&n3, i243&m, i27g& laSo&ec&na; at Shrewsbury Conservative Dinner i286&nm&3; Rose i58i&m, I5g2&ni, 1597, 1602, (1843) 1304, 1306, i3O7&na; declines i6o3&m, 1604, i6i2&n2, 1613; 'S.H.' I2g4&m; invitation to attend agricultural meeting at Senior I325n2; Smith I2g8&m, 1325m, i32gm; Shrewsbury r^S&na; consults W.O. Gore Smythe 1502™; Waller I286ni2, 1289, 1303; I343&n2; the Shrewsbury magistrates affair Ward I286ni2, 1289, 1303; Fanny Weaklin I354&m; at Shrewsbury (Aug 1844) 1369, 1370; I325n2; Whitcombe i27g&m, I286&n6; Wren explains his parliamentary conduct to his I299&n5; Wright i282&m, i285&ec, i286(the 6 electors I3yi&n2, I372&m, 1373; and the W. Mar 1843 memo), 1288, I28gn2, 1290, 1291, Day case i392&ec∋ his speeches republished at Shrewsbury i39gA&nni&3; support for his I293&nn2&3, I2g6&n3, 1297, I2g8&ni, I2ggn6, i30iA&m, i302&m, i3O3&m, 1304, 1308111, independence amid the factions at Shrewsbury I 14016011; asks for petitions in favour of 3°9> y10* i3"&ni, i325&nm&2, 1329^1, I330&n2, I340&nn2&3, i35o&ec, ySi&ni, Native Industry 1464^1; receives a boar's 1367^2, 1381, 1386, i394&m, 14276012, head from the Bull Room 1467^1, i468&m; i43g&ec, 1463, 1470, 1479^4, i482ni, 1483, declines invitation to attend a Protectionist meeting at Shrewsbury i47i&m; Combermere i502&m, 1520, i526&m, i567&ec, 1599; Wright & Smith 1369; payments to Isaac I26i&m, assesses D'S status at Shrewsbury I50in5, 1262; one of'the Shixty per shent Club' i537ni; popular at Shrewsbury 1505^5 tells I286n3; hopes for a 'final settlement' of his Shrewsbury he will not stand I552&m; thanks financial affairs I28g&n2, I2gg&nn2&6, 1306; his Shrewsbury constituents for their address 'usual business ... perplexes' D 1368; i574∋ Grosvenor Gate full of D'S future improvement in D'S affairs (1845) H02; Bucks constituents 1578; visits his new Bucks insurance on his life 1434; 'the clouds are constituents 1595113 dispelling' 1440; 'financial future is ... debts and creditors: 'Mr B' 995X5 Bailey promising' i443&m; consults Rothschild on i240ni, i265&m, 1296^, i3O2ni, 1303, foreign railway shares I45i&n3 I329&m, 1330, 1367, 1443, I49i&m, 1495, - health: influenza (1835) 44gX&m; sees Quin I50i&n4, I5i8&n2; Baxter, Rose and Norton (1837?) 582X&ec; confined to sick-room 853X5 i6o6m; Behnes i546&m; Bentinck i533ni, cold 1209; takes ammonia for his cold i6o3&n2, 1604; Bentley 1462™; Byron I23i&n4; I2io&nn3&4, 1222; cold cured 1211; effect of Carter i4gini; Chapman i235&m, i246&m, protracted debates on 1218; precautions before 1254, 1299; Chapman & Sands 1246™; Colburn the consular speech 1221; influenza 1244, 1462™; Crossley i427&ec&m; Culverwell 1559; asks MA'S permission to smoke a cigar i353&m, 1355, 1357; Davis i243m; James 1335; the effect of cognac and fresh biscuits Disraeli 1491; MA i257&m; D'Orsay 1234^, 1370; 'magic draught' 1371; 'never with better i278&m, I286&n3, 1294, 13085011; Mrs Edmonds health' (at Cassel) 1446; drinks brandy and yoSni, I309&n2, 1310; Exmouth 1230, water to make his blood thick 1503; obliged to I286&nmo-i2, ia88&nni&4, I28gn2, 1290, 1291, take draughts 15056015; 'periodical languor' I293&nn2&3, I296&n3, 1298™, I2g9&nn2&6, 1519; compares his youthful disorder to Rose's i3oiAm, 1311111, 1329, I33o&n2, 1369, 1479^4, I52i&n2; and Pope's remedies 15636012; i482ni, 1520; Ford 1201, 1202, 1211, 1213, digestion 1564, 1565; improved i566&m 1214, 1215, I2i6&m, 1217, 1218, 1219, - social occasions: engaged to dine with I22O&ni, 1221, 1222, 1225, 1226, 1227, I228, Knatchbull 1210, 1213; excuses himself from 1229,123°> i23i&n4,1233, I234&nn2&3,1237, Knatchbull's invitation I2i6&n3, 1219; pays 1243&ni, 1273&ni, I282ni, I286&nn3&5&6&8-i2, his respects to King of Hanover 13146012; visit I289n2,1293&n2,1300™, 1303,13ogn2, i33on2; to the Deepdene 1325m; refers to meeting Ford, W.A. i227&ec, i228&ec; Goldshede Ledru in Paris (1842) I4o6&m; received by i427ni; Goodman 1601; Griffin i597&m; Louis Philippe 1451, 1452; invited to Louis Hitchcock I293&n2; Hoare i24om; Houlditch Philippe's 'grand Diplomatic dinner' I456&n3; I286&n7, i330&m, I495n2, 1597; Hume I243&m, declines Hope's invitation to meet Don Carlos I286&nn3&7,1291, i450&m, 1495^2, 1528, i52g&m; calls on: Mrs Dawson 1207; Mrs 1597; Johnston I2i7&n3,1288m, 1289, I29gn4, Whitmore-Jones 1207; the Scropes 1233; Lady i3O3&m, 1304; Charles Lewis i546&m; Bulkeley Philipps 12386012; Thiers I265ni7, Lovegrove i24om, 1265m, i278m, I2gi&n3, 1268; Bertin 1268; Cousin 1268; Dupin 1268; I2g6n3, i302ni, i3imi, i329&m, 1330,134on2, Edward Everett I28gn5; entertained by or I367&n2, 1369; Lovell i235&m, i24om, dines with: Lady Blessington 352R, 38iX, 53oR, i246&m, 1254, 1353, 1355, i357&ni, 1427111, 1428, i462m, 1518, I566&n4; Low I286&n4, i22g, 1231, 1232, 1233; D'Orsay 352R, 53oR; Lyndhurst 352R, 4igR&ni2, 959X5 2nd Duke of 1309; Mann i49im; Manning & Dalston i243ni; Buckingham and Chandos 538X5 O'Loghlin 755X5 Dame Harriet Martins I286&n2; Sir William the Salisburys 755X5 Sterling 84oR&n5; Mathew Martins I286&n2, I2g3n2; Mash I286&nn2&i2, 1289, I2g3n2; Maria Ann Mash I286&n2; Mathiso, 936X5 the Harringtons 93&X, 1314; Twiss 420

936X&n8; Morpeth 942X5 Grant 959X5 Tomline H56X; the Maxses 1206, 1207; the H.J. Baillies 1225, 1226; Guizot 1269; Shaw-Lefevre 12888013; Mrs Gaskell 1312; Mrs Lane-Fox 1312; Sir Gore and Lady Ouseley 1362; Keate 13708^5; Madame Baudrand 1454; due Decazes I454&m; Lord Howden 1456^; Guizot i46o∋ Milnes I494&nm&3&4; Stanley 1531; Carrington I539&m, 1540; Meyer de Rothschild I53g&n2; Chester 1560; H. Smith I563&n5; the Chesters 15638013, 1564; the Farrers 15638014, 1564; Gilpin I576n6, 1577; Lowndes-Stone i577&m; entertains: RD 1210, 1212 speeches: at the Red Lion (1832) 2OiXec; atat Bucks Conservative meeting (1836) 538X&nm&2; on National Education (1839) 936X&m, 942X&nn4&6; on Chartism (1839) 942X&m; at magistrates' chambers, Aylesbury (1840) K>35R&n3; on Buller's non-confidence motion (1840) io38X&n3; consular motion I2o6&n5,

i375ni; at Bingley I38on2; at Stationers' Hall (1845) 13898012; on letter-opening scandal rjgmi, I394n2, 13968^2, i399Am; on Poor Law Administration Bill (W. Day case) I392ni; apologizing for false charge against Bonham (21 Feb 1845) I394nz> I396&n2; philippic against Peel in response to '... save me, from a candid friend!' 13968012; on the Agricultural Interest (17 Mar 1845) i39gA&nn28z;3; on Maynooth 1399™, i39gAn3, i40im, 1455^, 1478m; at Oddfellows' meeting (1845) i42g8z:Nl; at the Manchester Athenaeum (1844) 1429, i455m; at Printers' Pension Fund dinner i429ec, i437&m; on the Answer to the Speech (1846) i462ni, 1468™; on Peel's repeal measures (20 Feb 1846) I47in2; opposing 'the school of Manchester' 14728011; on clemency for Frost, Williams and Jones (Chartists) I474ni; on Irish Coercion Bill 1482^, 1609; on Peel's Corn Bill (1846) 1486^, I493&nm&4&6; denies I2l8, 1219, I22O, I22I&ni, 1222&n2, 1223, seeking office under Peel 1486^; on the I27in3: Napier intends to speak on it 12078013; parliamentary reporting of Peel (1829) prepares it in boudoir i2io&m; rehearses it 14998012; on the sugar question I5oo&n2; at the I2ii&n2; it is postponed by corn law debate Bentinck demonstration 15038016, I504&nn4&6, 1212, 1213; Lord Claud Hamilton provides i505nn5-7; on sugar duties (1846) 1504^, information for it I2i3&nn5&6; Lord Dudley i5iim; at Lynn and Waltham i5O7nm8t3; on Stuart provides information for it I2i4&n2; Carrying Trade with the Spanish Colonies (Aug Customs Duty Bill (1842) 1214^; consular 1846) 15128011; AR on D'S 1846 speeches speech described i224&nm&2&4&5; receives I5i4&n2; maiden speech (1837) I5i4ni; on 'the congratulations on consular speech I225&m, great Mott case' I524ni; on Russell's Corn I226&ng, i23O&nn2&3; contemplated motion on Bill (21 Jan 1847) I53in2; on Irish Railways Spanish American Affair 12298014; The (15 Feb 1847) i533m; on Cracow i54im, Spectator comments on D'S consular motion j; at Newport Pagnell 1559^, I56ona,60n2,, I23i&n6; 1838 copyright speech praised by &3,1565801^813; at Buckingham 1563^,m 1563, Christie I238&nn3&4; on Peel's Income Tax 15658012, 1566; at Leighton Buzzard i56gni, Bill I24i&ec&n2; on Indian Revenues i242ni; 1570; at Thame 15778012; at Winslow 15778013, 'Consular statement' in Hansard 1244^3; to I585&n5; on New Zealand Company 1579^; at second Baillie's Afghanistan motion i244&m; his election (1847) 1588111; on Jewish asks Peel about recognizing the independence disabilities (1847) 1607115, i6i7n2 of Texas i247&ec&m; asks question on East works: Ahoy 20iXec: Cooke Taylor's responsese India Company funds i247ni; questions on to 13498011; Contarini Fleming 20iXec, 1456^; negotiations of the Maine boundary dispute Vivian Grey 2OiXec, 1323, I386n3: D buys back i248&ec&m, 12498^3; seconds Baillie's the copyright of 1427; D postpones preparing a Afghanistan motion i25O&m; Afghanistan speech new edition 14368013; The Young Duke 2OiXec, praised I252&nn5&6; on Distress quoted in 1488™; The Revolutionary Epick 3iiR8oini8t6, Palmerston's summary (1842) I255&n6; on 38iXn4, I268n4; second edition of The Crisis Customs and Corn Importation Report (1846) Examined ^gX.&m; Vindication 449X8^3, I263n2; on National Distress 1272^, 1278^, 453R8oi4; Henrietta Temple 53oR, 538X, i28i&m, I337&n3; on Webster-Ashburton Treaty 681X8013, 1420, 1524^; The Present State of i283ni, I28g&n5, i295&ec&m, I3oi&n2, I337&n4; Mexico go6X8tn3; The Tragedy of Count Alarcos on Afghanistan 12848013; on new writ for Not936Xn8, 959X8017, I395ni; Coningsby I22on3, tingham I294n2; at Shrewsbury (1843) 13078^2, I22gn6, I255n6, i263ec, I264nm8c28t2i, I268ni5, i32O&nm&2; D'Orsay congratulates D on I26gn2,1275n6, I3268cnn3&4, 1327, I37gn2, Shrewsbury speech I3o8m; 'cruising' to speak 14078011,1429, 1434117, 1436, 1442^, I505n4, on Ireland and on Serbia 13198011; on Irish i559ni: being written at Bradenham 133581^; Arms Bill 1319111, 13208011, 13378015, I37on4; original for Edith Millbank 1336^; its treaton Serbia I32i&ec&nm&2, I337&n5; at the ment in Punch I34o8mm&3; D consults Cookesley Manchester Athenaeum (1843) I3^n3> 13788^4, on Eton scenes i34i8oim-3; D sends copy to I379n3; on the State of Ireland I338&n3, Lyndhurst I342&ec8oim&2; D reports responses I445n7; on the Shrewsbury magistrates affair to I3438tec8oii, 13478^3; Lady Blessington's 13548011; on Sugar Duties Bill 1358^; at response to I344&ec8mi; its reception by The Shrewsbury (1844) 1370, 13718012, 13728011, Times 134581™, 13468011; reviewed by Thackeray 421

in MC 13456012; Dr Mackenzie's response to 1518; Smythe asks about its progress 145501; i348∋ Cooke Taylor's response to 13496011; promises earliest copy to Lady Londonderry reviewed by Milnes 1351 &n3, I352∋ reviewed 15156019; 'abortive MSS' I5i96omi&6; Beotley in Ainsworth's Magazine i35i&na; reviewed in wishes to publish it 15256013; 'more troubleThe Christian Remembrancer i35i∋ other some ... than ... anticipated' I530&nn2&7; responses to i356&ec&nna&4&5&7&8; 3rd edition MA'S help with the revises of 15396014; first published 13586015, 13626017, 1364; reviewed in copy to Lady Loodooderry 154160102613; D celeThe Critic 136101; D donates a copy to the brates the publicatioo of 154201; aod the Manchester Athenaeum 136209; Tauchnitz puboamiog of Eva Carriogtoo 16196018; Mayoooth lishes continental edition of i363&ec&m; leaders io The Times attributed to D 139902; Lyttelton corrects the Eton scenes in I364&n2; Works of D'Israeli the Younger 14036012; a U.S. editions of 136601; reviewed by Forcade proposed lo-volume collected edition I427&O3; prefaces for new editions ofAlroy and, in Revue des Deux Mondes I368&n2, 141702;; Contarini Fleming 14346013, I4366tec6toi; 'The reviewed by Hickson in Westminster Review I368&n3; and Smythe's failure to marry a forPortraits of the Ladies Sarah ... Clementina tune I37on6; appreciated at Shrewsbury 1371; ... and Adela ... Villiers' 145003; presents admired by D.D. Jameson i38i&m; praised by Forcade with a copy of Contarini Fleming and James Rudge 1387™; its reception in Berlin Alroy 14616011; negotiates with Bentley to I388&n5; D protests the quality of U.S. recover the copyright of The Young Duke pirated edition i403&nm-3, 1404™, 1420; 14626011, I4746om2&3, 14816101, 1486, 1487, i488&ec&oi, 15256:01; writes articles for The reviewed by Forcade 141702; 'the only thing advertised at Spa' 141901; and the 'Young Times 147302; oegotiatioo with Loogmaos 15006:01; D possibly iovolved io 'Phocioo' England Philosophy' series in MP i433&nni&2; a race horse named after it 14506017; every word articles io MP 153002; D'S editioo of Curiosities 159904; See also Disraelis, the read by Louis Philippe 145205; and the fall of Beojamio Peel (1846) 1499; and Belvoir Castle I5o6&n2,2, D'Israeli, Beojamio (D'S grandfather) (VOL i) I5io&m; proofs of'The Midland Ocean' 4112, 16026012: and 'the Lara Receipt' 13956011 i245&m; anniversary poems 1259, 1322> *435> 1513; Sybil I262n2, 1283™, 1429, 143101, D'Israeli, Isaac (VOL i) 4112, 38iXAo2, 453R, 143201, 1436, 144506: the 'two Nations' idea 53oR&ec, loryR, IO35R, io5iR, 120102,123501, formulated 137501; D gatheriog materials for 1306, 133602, 134701, 135102, 14436011, 1445, I379&n2; D working on 1384; and Colburo's H47.15I4» 1515' J528>154&™, 15, cootract 138603; D coosults Lansdowne about 156501, 1603: Curiosities 3iiR; his letter io Shelburne ^go∋ D at p 600 of 1391; D proThe Athenaeum (1835) 4igR&ni3; gout 853X5 'charmed' at Croker's reduced legacy 123003; mises to send a copy to TJ. Ouseley I40i&n2; completed i402&ooi&2; Carey aod Hart plao a his ioterest in the Copyright Bill 1233; the DS confident about his eyes 1256; his will pirated editioo 140302; D sends a copy to Lansdowoe 14056101; D'S respoose to Maooers's (1842) and MA'S claim oo D'S patrimooy 12576:02; good reports oo his eyes 12656:01, comments on i407&nm-4; reviewed by MP 1307; is well-koowo io Paris 1268, 1269; D i4O7&on6&7; reviewed by The Sun 14076106; great seods him Marioer's pamphlet 1278; assigos a sale of 14076018; D dooates a copy to the Maoreot to D (1837) 128201; cooceroed about the chester Atheoaeum I4ii6oioi&3; reviewed by DS playiog with bears 132404; malevoleot treatLady Morgao 14166011; praised by the Bishop of meot of by Punch 134003; is uoable to provide Nova Scotia 141601; reviewed by Forcade autographs 13486:01, 13950016:2; Moxoo's 'forced 141702; D seods a copy to Lady Loodooderry sales' of Miscellanies, Curiosities ao 142401; reviewed by Maoners 14346017; advertAmenities 13656:01; Sarah reads Sybil to him ised at Boulogne 1444; a heartsease named after it 145007; England and France: or A Cure i4O2n2; writes verses on his 79th birthday for the Ministerial Gallomania I265ni7; unpubI4o66:ec6oi2; the remaioderiog of his works lished 'Runoymede' letter 1278m, 1356™; I425ec6ou; aod Colstrope Farm 14276012; on D'S 'Fantasia' 13246101; a poem oo tobacco 132401; response to the 'Young England Philosophy' series 143307; to be kissed 'in real French 'Lines ... to a Beautiful Mute' 132403; fashion' 14446:05; D recommeods glovebrush for birthday poems to MA 1328, 1382, 1448, his stomach 1446; Washington Irving asks after 15236011; Endymion 134502, 137006, 150405; 14566:0026:3; admires MA'S descriptive style Tauchoitz purchases cootioeotal rights to Venetia 136301; General Preface to 1870 145901; illoessi479; praises Tancred 154103; buys Hugheodeo for D 15446011; rejoices io edition 137902; Collected Works 138603; LGB Tomlioe's defeat 158602; D uoeasy about his i388n5> !455n7> 146501, 150302, 153301, 161702; Tancred 139501, 142703, 144705: and health 15956:0026:3; D fails to sell his copyChandos's comiog-of-age festivities 1362010; rights 1599601036:4; certifies D'S date of birth refereoce to Chambers's Vestiges io 138903; D 160202; victim of influenza epidemic 161103; begios writiog it at Cassel 14466104, 1515, all copies of Curiosities sold 16146:01 422

12578^1; D'S anniversary poems to 1259, 1322, Disraeli, James (VOL i) 12115, 3iiR, 4igR, 1435, 1513; makes mail arrangements with Sarah i22ini, 1241, 1315112, 1444115, I528&O4, 1547111, 1262; advises on Paris fashions 1265, 1270; 155104, 1601: his cow named The Consul 123003; attends Paris Opera in Baron Rothschild's box visits the DS 1252; D writes to Graham for a 12708016; Reschid Pasha sends her a Turkish post for I26o&n2, 1261, i332&m; and D'S indish 1272; and the Bradenham 'cargoes' structions for thanking Graham 1262; D tries I277&m; gives a 'hazardous' dinner party to find him a colonial post I276n2; D asks 12848011; her inheritance and D'S financial Stanley for a post for i33i&ec&nm&2; D sends him a pamphlet on manures 1443^2; D inquires affairs 12868019, I299&nn28t3, i32gm; to be 'amused ... is ... everything' 1289; '"bapabout his harvest I445&nn5&7; 'rejoices' in tiser"' first Turkish ship built in England the general food shortage 145008; offered a 12948:^3, I2g6&n2; cheered more than D at post by Fancourt 1454™; and D'S dealings with Shrewsbury 1307; sends D'Orsay material for Bailey 1491; and the Hughenden purchase slippers 1308; gratified by the Queen's state I535n2, 1590, i6oo&m; helps D with the ball I3ig&n2; D'S birthday poems to 1328, election 1558™, 1565™; and a bill for D 1382, 1448, 1523; D offers 'complete charge' 1581; and D'S directions about a chaise 1595 on her estate to Wright 13308013; and D'S work D'Israeli, Maria (VOL i) mi, 84oR, ioi7R, on Coningsby 133582:6^ Fancourt sends her a io5iR, 1201, i252ec, 1258,1263,1275, r326> hammock I336nn4&5; embraces Tom Jones 1347; 1373, I4o6n2, 1443, 159502: sends pork to Lyndand Milnes's review of Coningsby 135281:™; hurst (1835) 44gXn4; seriously ill 1203; 'discollects responses to Coningsby 1356; tracts' MA 121701; MA'S 'perverted view' of entertains without a butler 13588016; does not D'S relations with his family I2i7&noi&2; complain about being kept in London by D'S kindness to MA of D'S family I23onn3&6; gives 'usual business' 1368; her popularity at D slippers 1277, 1307; 'cargo' 1306; MA sends Shrewsbury I37o8omi8z:6&7; has knowledge of D'S her a recipe for pigeons 14448015; MA sends her correspondence with Sarah 1373; admires Mana nunnery recipe 1445; approves of the recipes chester program ticket 13748011; reports D'S sent from Cassel 1447; praises D'S speech on reaction to Chambers's Vestiges 1389^; inCracow i54im; her death 1545^, 155^04 surance on her life 13948^1; reproached by Mrs Disraeli, Mary Aooe (VOL i) 16905, g36X&o8, Osborne i40om; frightened by Manners's 'audacioi7R, i23o&nm&3&6, i233&n6,1235, i236&m, ity' at the Druid's altar 14078013; D'S use of 1251, 1256, I28on2, 1281, 1315™, 1333, her estate 14278^2; 'finds herself floating in i337n6- '345n2. i348m, i35i&n2,1354,1362, the highest circles' 1428; D.D. Jameson i37i&ni, 1378,1388,1415, 14528015, 145306, writes to i437ni; receives a chest of tea from 145401, I456n3, 14636^ i466ec, 1468™, Montgomery Martin 14428012; D.D. Jameson 1473&02, J476, J496n3, i50oec&m, n1, sends her a volume of poems 1445™; bears I505&on5&7&8, 1506, I509n3, 15118011, seclusion 'like a gay philosopher' 1446; on I5i7ec&m, 1519, I52in2, 1522, 152982^2, Leopold de Rothschild as the Messiah i45im; I54in3, i555m, I563&n2, 1564, i566&nm&4&5, ! 86 111128 1 her 'graphic ... pen' I459&ec8oii; D passes her 57o, 1579' '5 . JS^ ^. 59*™> off as his daughter 1460; D asks her to see I595&O02&3, I598&O2, 160709, i6nAni, 1618: to him at the Carlton 1494; helps D settle with be invited to Bradenham (1838) 755X5 at BradHume 1495; Bentinck eats all her biscuits enham because of mother's illness I2o6&e, 15038012; and the Princess Belgiojoso I207&n3, i2og&m; instructions to D from Bradi5O4&nni8t48z;8, i507&nni&g; receives a basket enham i2io&nm&3; is hurt that D'S family from G.B.B. Mathew ^LjStec&m; ignorant of forwards his mail 121104, I2i4&oi; asks about D'S settlement with Hume 1528; her work on Egertoo's motion I2i3n2; D suggests that she the revises of Tancred I53g8om4&5; and the imitate her mother's signature I2i5&n2; as bust of D by Behnes 1546™; friendship with 'matchless wife' in D'S dealings with Ford Col Gilpin 1548™; organizes group to hear I2i6&nm&2; very upset at her treatmeot at Jenny Lind I550&ec&m; awkwardness with the Bradeoham 12178011, 1218; improved spirits Bradenham family i565&nm&3; D acknowledges I2i9&m; aod Ford's loan I220&n2, I22i∋ D receiving a key 15768016; and D'S election labours for 'her approbatioo & delight' colours i578n2; D handles the Taff-Vale i222&og; her 'just cooception' of D'S consular Railway Co business for her 16108011 speech I226&nn3&g; to sign deed for Ford's loan to D 1227, 1228; sends D mooey I23i&n4; health 1273, J327> :497n3> 15°3' 150480, need of country air 1252; 'entirely recovered' contents of Grosvenor Gate assigned to Ford in Paris 1264; headache 1312; 'fat & handsome' I234&nn2&3; to see Ford with D 1237; fetches her mother from Bradenham i238&ooi&6, I239ec, 1323; 'half poisoned' 14028013; her fragile emotional state (1845) I4348mn2&7, 14418011, 12408015; responds personally to D'S creditor 1443; improved at Cassel 14448^5, 14458017, 12438011; and her mother's death 1245, I246; 1446, I447&nm&2, 1451 and D'S financial affairs 1254, i265&m, 1301111; D records her claim on his inheritance 423

- social occasions: gives a large 'dejeuner' Lady Orford 1430112; Miss Eleanor Williams I42i&m, 1422, 1423, I424&ec; to give 'another 1430112; Miss Montgomery 1430^; Miss West Monster Dejeuner' i43O&n2; 'monster Dejeuner' I43on2; Knightley 1430^; Shelburne I43on2; reduced to a 'Tommy day breakfast' I43i&n2; the Alfred Montgomerys I43on2; Cowper entertained by: Parnther 1504™; Lady AidI43on2; an unspecified group at dinner 1438; borough 1270; Madame de Gramont 1270 Bentinck 1511; Lady Georgiana Fane 15118014; Disraelis, the Benjamin: and Mrs Yate's illNewdegate I5ii&n3; Anne Mathew I5i4ni2; ness at Bradenham I2o6&ec; borrow £5,000 from Martin 1533™; Law 1542m; entertained by or Ford I2i6&m; offended at Bradenham's indifvisits to: Burdett 1049X8014; the Lyndhursts ference to MA'S illness 1402^; annual cost of iO5iR; Brighton iO56X&ec; the Buckingham and living I52om; their household 1563^; inspect Chandoses 1083!*., 13148013, 13568013, 136280110; the Gloucester properties 1599™ Mrs Law 1222; the Deepdene 12306011, 13018011, - social occasions: trip to Paris (1842-3) I323&nn3&7,1324&nn2&4, i326&nm&4; Hope I255ph, 1261, I262&ec&m, 1263 &ec, 1275; watch I233&m; Bradenham 1258, I3i2&ec&nn2&4, 1319, prorogation procession (1842) 1256; return i326&n4, i335&ec, i336ec, i368&m, i373&m, from Paris (1843) i274&m; visit Shrewsbury I479&n3, I482n2, 1515, I5i7ec, i593&m, 1306, 1307; play with bears at the Deepdene I595&n2, i6i4&n2; the Gramonts 1264, 1270; I324&n4; at the Bernal Osborne wedding 1367™, the Cowleys 1265, 1275; ^e Baudrands 1265,, 1368; celebrate Isaac's 7gth birthday I4o6&n2; 1270,1452n5, I456&n3; the Thierses 1268, invited by Lady Morgan to a seance 1416™; 1269, 1270; comtesse de Castellane 1269, 1270; proposed visit to Germany 1430; leave cards the British Embassy in Paris 1269, 1270, at the Rothschild families in Paris 1451; i46o&m; the French Academy 1270; Countess invited to Scotland by Duke of Richmond 1507; Apponyi 1270; duchesse Decazes 1272; Odilon attend Ferrand's wedding 1593111; hear Jenny Barrot 1272; Rambuteau 1272; the Paris Opera Lind 1596™; entertain: RD io4gX, io5iR, 1307; masqued ball I272&n7; Mole 1275; t Hope 1202, 1419111; Lord Strangford 1202; Lady Solomon de Rothschilds 1275, 1451^, 1452^, De La Warr 1222; Duchess of Buckingham and 1454™, 1459™, i46o&m; the James Maxses Chandos 1225; the Guests 1225, I358n6; Mrs 1278; the French Embassy, London 1307^7; Dawson 1236; Urquhart 1251 ∋ James Bulwer 1314; Lady Stepney 1314; the Anthony Disraeli 1252; Buller i253&ec, I4i2m; Henry de Rothschilds 1314; the King of Hanover Bulwer 1261; Walpole 1261; Alexander BaillieI3i4&n2; Lady Peel 131480113; Mrs Scott Murray Cochrane 1264; Smythe 1264, 1358^, 1390A; I3i4&ni2; the Lyndhursts 1314^11; the Ste Bulwer i284ni, I4i4&m; Dick i284ni, I4i2ni; Aulaires 131480114; Hannah Rothschild I3i6&n2; Duke of Buckingham and Chandos i284ni; BEL I3i7&ph, 1318; Kielmansegge 13188013; the Gardner i284ni; Jarnac 1284m, 1358^; Lady Queen's state ball 13195012; the Sugdens Caroline Maxse i284ni; Lady Walpole i284ni; I323&n2; Manchester and Liverpool i326&nm&3; Dudley Stuart 1284™; Manners i284ni; Louisa Eton I34in3, i35oec; Lady Blessington i344&m; Smythe 1284™; Mehemet Emin Aali Pasha Lady Lyndhurst 1347; the Rothschilds (Lionel) 1284™; Mrs Montefiore 1284™, I358n6; Strang1347,1358n6, I434&n6, 14978013, 1528; Baring ford i284ni; the de Cettos 1284m; the Hume Wall 1358; Walter Sr i362&nm&3; Ferrand Campbells 1284™; the Pollingtons 1284™, 1362^; the Waverley Ball 13628015; Manchester I358n6, I430n2; the Tankervilles 1284™; i368&m, i373ni; Atherton 13758012; Standish Exmouth 1292; Gallenga i3O5ni; the Leon Fau1378,138on2; Egerton rjSona; R.P. Milnes chers 13138011; Milnes 1352, 1412™, 1427m, I38on2, I388&n2; Ferrand I38on2; Stowe I43on2; Jarnac I358n6; J. Peel I358n6; Repton I38g∋ Bingley 14078013; Salisbury 1428; I358n6; Stafford I358n6; the Col Baillies Baroness Brunnow 14288014; Lady Lansdowne I358n6; the Lionel de Rothschilds 1358^; a I428&n2; Lady Palmerston 14288015; France group of loway Indians i367ni; Pollington 1434, 14418012, 1443, i46o&nm&7, I5ign6; 1390A, ^igni; Baring Wall I4o8m; Gregory Cassel 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1448; Paris I4o8m; Lady Osborne I4o8m; Lennox I4o8m; 1449,1450,1451,1452,1454,14558^1,1456, Parnther I4o8m; the Bernal Osbornes I4o8m; 1461; the Easthopes 1456; Ledru 14608011; the the Brinsley Sheridans I4o8m; Young I4o8m, James de Rothschilds 1460™; a ball at the i409&ec&m; Eliot Warburton I4I2&N1; Ledru Tuileries i46om; the Queen's drawing room I4i2&m; Gibson I4i2ni; M.A. de Rothschild 1476™; Palmerston 15626^ the Orfords I4i2m; Phipps I4i2ni; Moore I4i4&m; Mildmay 156681^5; the Austrian Embassy i573ec; the I4i4ni; Savile I4i4m; the Henry J. Baillies Kerrisons 15988012 I4i4ni; de Versan 1419111; Granby 141901, Disraeli, Ralph (VOL i) 12115, 352R, 1275, 1284, I542&m; Kielmansegge i4igni; Michele i4igm; 1289, I4oon2, I4o6n2, 1434, I45o8oim&5, Ridley Colborne i4igm; Ainsworth I427ni; 1458™, 1462™, I474n3, 1528, 1546™, iGooni, Crossley 1427™; Jameson 1427m; Miss Ainsi6o2n2: dines with the DS 1049X8012, i05iR, worth 1427™; Brinsley Sheridan I43on2; de 1307; dines with D 1210, 1212; and 'the Noailles I43on2; Lady Dorothy Nevill 1430^; "Cologne Review"' 12638014; travelling 424

1264; in Ireland I326&n6; D goes to the F.O. for him 13688015; fetches materials for D 1385; impersonates D in Scotland I445&n6; asked to fetch 'blue books' for D I447&n5 D'Israeli, Rebecca 1395™ Disraeli, Sarah (VOL i) ions, 260X8011, 3iiR&m, 352R&n2, 356Xec, 44gX&nm&3&4, 453&nn3&4&g, 53oR&ec, 538X, ioi7R, iO35R&n2, io38X&n2, i^SX&ny, I2y8&n2, I324H4, i348ni, I35in2, 1358, 1373,1394n2, I40on2, I4o6n2, i425ec, i429nm&2,1442n2, i459&m, i46o&m, i464m, i466ec, 15146^ i54inm&3, i546m, I55in4, i565m, I578n2, i586&nm&2, I589n2, i6o2n2, 1614: and Lady Sykes's visits to Bradenham (1835) 4igR8om2&i3; invites MA to Bradenham (1838) 755X&m; reports on her mother's serious illness 12038013; and the row over D'S mail arrangements I2i7&m, 1218; MA to ask her for British Museum Report 1233; delighted at withdrawal of Shrewsbury petition 1240^; on the 1842 disturbances 1258m; handles D'S affairs while he is in Paris 1262, 12658011; sends D Martin's pamphlet I268&nm8ui; sends birthday greetings to D and MA 1270; D to attend to her wishes in the City 1284, 12898011; her clandestine correspondence with D 13148011, I402&nn2&3, 1428, 1440, 1441, I500&ec8oii, 1510, 1528; in London 13478011; D'S help with her articles on England and on Turkey I3568om2&6, 13628016, 13658013, 13688^4; reports on the Queen's visit to Stowe i38gnni&3; delighted at D'S response to the 'Young England Philosophy' series I433nn78t2o; her 'illfated MSS' returned (articles on England and on Turkey) i4348omi&6&7; handles the DS' mail 1443, 1444, i445&nm&2&5&6&8, i446&nm&3, i447&nm&3-5&7, i45o8mm8i3-58z:7-8, I4528omi8z:4, i454ni, 1458m; on Washington Irving I456n3; D burns her cheque I4828tec8omi8z:2; provides D with reports from Bucks i4978omi&3; recommends Andersen's The Improvisatore 1530^; helps with D'S canvass I 555ni; and the blue pill 1563^; visits MA i566m; D sends her a dividend warrant of £30 i5958z;nni-3 Dissenters: and the 1847 Bucks election 15768017 Dodd, George I578n2 Dolgorukov, Prince Petr Vladimirovich: on Cancrin's lineage I388&n5 Dolomieu, marquise de 12708019 Donizetti, Gaetano: Lucia di Lammermoor I5g6m D'Orsay, Count Alfred (VOL i) 159112, 352R, 44gX, 453R, 53oR, 936X, I035R, 1232,1233^4, I252n2, 1279, !482n2, 14948^1: D consults him on de Fonblanque 1222; 'quite unchanged' despite Lady Blessington's decline 12318013; and D'S financial affairs I234n2, 12868013, 13088011; on the King of Prussia's hospitality 1263; his sister 'like him in petticoats' I264&m; agitates for bill against imprisonment for debt i2788mi; and the Mrs Edmonds

affair 1309^; his financial and marital affairs 13368013; is pleased at allusions to him in Coningsby I344ni D'Orsay, Gen Count Albert: his estate I336&n3 D'Orsay, Lady Harriet (VOL n) 652119, 13368013 Dorset 1451 Dosne, Alexis Andre ia68&n6 Dosne, Sophie Eurydice iz68&n6 Dover 1444 Downing Street: Mrs Goulburn leaves card addressed from No n 12318015 Doyle, John ('HB') (VOL in) 7338103: depicts Londonderry as a weathervane 1318^; D in his cartoons i5O7ni Drake, Thomas Tyrwhitt (VOL in) 1085119, 1555™ Drayton Manor 15158015, I5i6n2, 1519 Drummond, Andrew Robert 1384^, 1385^ Drummond, Edgar Atheling I384&n6 Drummond, Edward i275ni Drummond, Elizabeth Frederica 1384^, 1385^ Drummond and Co, bankers, 1220, 1221, 1226, i23in4,1236,1264,1443,1479nl> I595m> i6o3n2,i6o7n8 Dublin: anti-Maynooth meeting at 13998011 Dublin Protestant Association and Reformation Society 13988™ Dubois, Clara Josephine I22gn6 Dudley, S.G. 1577^ Duffryn, Llynvi, and Forth Cawl Railway Co 14458018, 14468013 Dulwich 1438 Dumas, Alexandre (pere) 1264^: Bulwer com pared to i53O&n4 Dumas, Alexandre (fits) I2&4n6 Duncannon, Viscount (later 4th Earl of Bessborough) (VOL n) 390112, 1312 Duncombe, Philip Duncombe Pauncefort- (VOL in) 956115, 1555™ Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby (VOL i) 165011, I255n6, 12788016: praises D'S consular speech 1224; and tne Mazzini letter-opening affairdsdfkjsdhgr (1844) i35gni; supplies D with Chartist material for Sybil 1379^; asks D to see Cooper the Chartist 14078015; his motion for clemency for 3 Chartists 1474™ Dunfermline, ist Baron (VOL n) 373012, &75R, go6X, g36X Dunn, Richard (VOL m) 83905, I370&n6 Dupin, Andre Marie Jean Jacques I268&n8 Dupin, Francois Pierre Charles, Baron I268&n8 Du Pre, Caledon George i55inm&5, 1555™, I576n2,1577n3, 1588™ Du Pre, James 1555™ Durham: by-election (1843) I3i8&ec&n5 Durham, ist Earl of (VOL i) 32402, 356X&ec, 359x&n5 Duxbury Hall i378&m Dysart, 8th Earl of I2g4ni Early-Closing Association I542ni Easthope, Lady (ist Bt) i456&oi, i45g

425

Easthope, Sir John, ist Bt (VOL 11) 6041114, I456&m, 1460111: D asks to be well reported in MC i472&ni East India Company iztfnv. D receives patronage request for its military service 1219; its system of stars (votes) for stockholders I26a&n2 East India House 1386™ Eblis I272&n6 Ebrington, Viscount (later 3rd Earl Fortescue) 1226&H4

Eccleshall 1493 Eddowes, John I2ig&n2, 1307^ Eddowes, John Jr I2ig&n2 Eddowes's Shrewsbury Journal i574ni: reports D'S Shrewsbury speech i3O7&ni Edinburgh Review, The 449X^4 Edmonds (or Edmunds), Margaret 1308™, I3og&n2, i3io&m Edmunds, Mr 1558m Edridge, John 1379^ Education Bill (1839): D'S speech on 936X&m Edward, E. 1464™ Edwardes (or Edwards), John Thomas Smitheman iz8o&n2 Egerton, Lord Francis (later ist Earl of Ellesmere) (VOL 11) 582111: to be entertained by the DS 1202; sends D copy of The Pilgrimage i2O3&m; jocular like a Turk on opium 1207; contest with D for order paper I2i3&n2; his amendment to the marriage law I226n7; entertains the DS I38on2 Eglinton, rjth Earl of (later ist Earl of Winton) (VOL n) 636114, i6n&n2 Eglinton Tournament 1421™ Egremont, 3rd Earl of 153™ Egypt 1453 Egyptians, the 1433 Elgin, 8th Earl of (and I2th Earl of Kincardine) rjooni, I336n4 Eliot, Baron. See St Germans, 3rd Earl of Ely 1503 Ely, 3rd Marquess of (VOL n) 6461116, 84oR, I24om: as part of Young England ii26R&n4 Ely Cathedral: and George Basevi's fatal accident i446&m Emery, Charles I338&ni England: and the Sonderbund affair i6o7&n6 Erie, Christopher 1555™ Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover and Duke of Cumberland (VOL n) 473111, 13165012, 1318^, i398m: visits England (1843) 1306111, I3i4&nn2&9-n&i3 Ernest i, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha I336&n6 Escorial, the 1433^4 Escott, Bickham (VOL i) 2831111, I2i4&n8, 1225 Espy, William Compton 1398™ Essex, Countess of (6th Earl) i42im Eton College i35oec: in Coningsby I34i&nn2&3, 13646012; and D'S 1847 election 15595011, i562ec; D canvasses at I570&n2, 1571

426

Euxine Sea 1433 Evelyn, George 1326^ Evelyn, Mary Jane I326&nz Evelyn, William John ig26&n2 Everett, Edward I4i4&m: praises D'S speech on the Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1289^; justifies U.S. pirated edition of Coningsby, i403&m, i404&m; Ewart, William (VOL in) 734119, 12555013, I3i9&ec&ni, 14775013 Examiner, The: quotes Coningsby in a leader !356 Exeter Hall: the Jesuits' from i6o8&n2; the 'zealots' at i6i9m Exmouth, 3rd Viscount (VOL n) 646ni5, 53oR, 1230, I286&nmo-i2, i288&nm&4, I289n2, 1290, 1291, I293&nn2&3, 12965013, izgSni, I2gg&nn2&6, i30iAm, iyini, 1329, 1330, 1520, i55om, 1597: dines with the DS 1292; his bond assigned to Lovegrove 1369; provides information on yachts for Tancred 1446^; D instructs Wright to use his £500 note I47g&n4; and D'S first payment on the 1843 mortgage i482ni Faber, George Stanley I433&ni7 Fairneld, John: and the Maine boundary dispute I24g&nng&3 Fairlie, Isabella (VOL n) 588114: her death and D'S 'Lines ... to a Beautiful Mute' 1324^ Fairlie, Louisa (VOL i) 242117: her death 1324^ Falcieri (Tita's brother) 352R&H2 Falcieri, Battista (Tita's father) 352R&H2 Falcieri, Giovanni Battista (Tita) (VOL i) ggni5, 3iiR, 352R&n2: and the turtle I445n2 Fancourt, Charles St John (VOL n) 604112: and the Duchess of Cannizzaro 1232; D handles his 'affairs' I276&n2, i278&m, I300&m; sends Goldshede a turtle I336&n4; offers James Disraeli a post 1445^, 1454m; sends MA some birds I5i4ni Fane, Lady Georgiana I5ii&n4 Fane, John i555ni Farmer, Thomas (the DS' under-butler) I358n6, I376&ni Farnham, 7th Baron g36X&n4 Farrer, Fanny Richarda 1563&H4 Farrer, William i555ni Farrer, William Frederick I563&n4, 1564 Fauborg St Honore, Paris 1264^2 Faucher, Leon I3i3&ni Fawkener, William Augustus 1566^ Featherstonhaugh, George William: his pamphlet on Webster-Ashburton Treaty i283ni Feilden, Sir William, ist Bt (VOL in) 1035112, I035R, 1225 Female suffrage 1588m Ferdinand Georg August, Duke of Saxe-CoburgGotha I26gn22 Ferdinand i, Emperor of Austria 352Rn2, I5i5&n8 Ferdinand i, King of the two Sicilies i268mo Ferdinand v of Aragon I433ni3 Ferdinand vn of Spain 53oR

Ferdinando in, Grand Duke of Tuscany layony Fergusson, Robert Cutlar (VOL in) 747116, 84oR Ferrand, Margaret I362&n4, I38on2, I46on6 Ferrand, Sarah I36a&n4 Ferrand, Walker 1362114. Ferrand, William Busfeild I36a&n4, 1398m: and the Conservatives' split over the Sugar Duties Bill i36om; entertains the DS r^Sona; and the 'great Mott case' 1507™, i524&ec&nm-3; marriage 1593™ Ferriere, Jean i454na Ferriere-Le Vayer, Jean Theophile Anne de I454&ri2 Ferriere-Le Vayer, marquise de (Adele de Loyac) i454na Field of Cloth of Gold i42i&m Financial crisis (1847) i55i&na, i563ni, I593&n2, I595n2, 1599, i6o2&nn4&5: does not hurt D 1605; 'terror, panic, despair' i6o7&n8; special debate on i6o8&n3, i6og&nni&2 Finow, King, of Tonga I278n4 Fitzgerald, Maurice, i8th Knight of Kerry (VOL 0 232n5. 53°R Fitzhardinge, ist Earl (VOL 11) 4ign4, 4igR Fitzmaurice, William Edward 1547™, I55i&ni, '555nl Fitzroy, Hannah Meyer (VOL in) 7301110, I434&n6, I504n4 Flanders I444&n3, 1445, 1451 Foley, Adelaide Georgiana Frederica 1278^ Foley, Georgiana Louisa 1278^ Foley, 4th Baron (VOL HI) gogn6, I278&n7 Follett, Sir William Webb (VOL n) 674ni, 1391 &n2 Fonblanque, Albany (VOL i) I5gn7, 1222 Fonblanque, Thomas de Grenier de 1222&H2 Foote, Thomas (one of Lord Hertford's servants) I232n3 Forbes, Dowager Viscountess i504ni Forbes, William i36om Forcade, Eugene: reviews Coningsby I368n2; apologizes for his reviews of Coningsby and Sybil I4i7&nz; D presents him with a copy of Contarini Fleming and Alroy I46i&m Ford, George Samuel (VOL HI) noSni, 1201, 1202, 1211, 1213, I2i4&n3, 1217, 1218, 1219,

Young England ii26R&nn3&4 Forester, 2nd Baron (VOL in) 877112, 538X, 1312, i37gm Forged Exchequer-bills Bill I278&nn3&4 Forster, John (VOL n) 588115: and Bulwer's Lucretia I528&n2 Foulis, Sir Henry, gth Bt (VOL in) 750111, 1555™ Fountains Abbey: model for Marney Abbey 1407^4 Fowler, John Kersey I53g&n3 Fox. See also Lane-Fox. Fox, Charles Richard I26g&ni3 Frail, John I2ign2, 1234, 1307^, I37o&n4 France: rumours of war with the U.S. (1835) 453R; debate on its blockade of Mexican ports (1839) go6Xn2; resignation of the ministry (1840) !04gX&n3; fear in London of war with (1844) I373n2; and Jarnac's handling of the 1844 crisis i377&m; and the Sonderbund affair i6o7&n6, i6o8&m Francis i, King of France i42im, i5O7&n6, 1510 Frankfurt 1530&n8 Franklin, Benjamin: his marking of the CanadaU.S. boundary (1783) i283&ec&m, I28gn5 Franklyn, Thomas (VOL in) loooni, I578n2 Frayssinous, Denis Antoine Luc, comte de i27o&n3 Frederick William iv, King of Prussia laoi&ni, I263&n4 Free Imports 1607^ Fremantle, Agnes (Mrs John) I278&n8 Fremantle, John I278&n8 Fremantle, Sir Thomas Francis, ist Bt (later ist Baron Cottesloe) (VOL n) 486116, I204&n4, I2i4&n4,1255, I278n8, I337n2, i555ni: D has 'thorough understanding with' 1219; D sees him about a post for James 1261 Fremantle, Sir William Henry (VOL HI) gigng, 1568m French Embassy, London: the DS at 1307^7, i3HnI4 Friedrich Ludwig, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin i26gmg Fronde, The I272&n7 Frost, John i474ni Frystone Hall I388&n2, 1430 I22O&nni&2, 1221, 1222, 1225, WzG, 1228, Fuller, Benjamin i555ni 1229, 1230, I23i&n4, 1233, 1237, i243&m, Gainsborough, ist Earl of (VOL in) io33n4, i273&m, i28gn2, I2g3n2, i3oom, 1330^, I226n6 i445ng: and Shrewsbury petition notices 1215; Galatz: as a major port for exporting cheap lends the DS £5,000 I2i6&m, 1227; contents of grain I4g3&nm&5 Grosvenor Gate assigned to I234&nn2&3; and Galignani, A. and W. 1403^ Lichfield's debts I252n2; D outlines for Galignani's Messenger I2yr\6, 1444, 1445,5, Wright his dealings with ia86&nn3&5&6&8-i2; i446m and the Mrs Edmonds affair 1309^ Gallenga, Antonio i3O5&m, i35g&m Ford, William Augustus I2i4&n3, i228&ec: deliv- Galway, 4th Viscount I388n2 ers loan document to MA at Bradenham Galway, Viscountess (Gth Viscount) I388&n2 i227&ec; and D'S Duffryn shares I445&n8 Galway, Gth Viscount I388n2 Foreign Office: D goes to for RD I368&n5 Gambier, ist Baron g3&Xn7 Forester, Baroness (ist Baron) i6ign8 Games and Wagers Bill I434&n8 Forester, George Cecil Weld (later 3rd Baron Gardner, Baroness (3rd Baron) iO35Rn2 Forester) (VOL n) 6o8ni, 538X: as part of Gardner, 3rd Baron (VOL in) 786nio, i284ni 427

Garibaldi, Msgr A. izGg&mG Garter, Order of the 13148^117-9 Gaskell, C.T. ^m Gaskell, Mary (VOL in) 1192114, 1312 Gates, Horatio 1511117 Geneste, Max 1555111 Genie, Jean Antoine Auguste I26g&ni5 George, Henry 1399™ George i i6ign3 George 111396™ Germanic League: D unable to make his prepared speech on (1839) 95gX Germany: the DS' proposed visit to 1430; Smythe goes to 1434; D contrasted to Dickens in I452n5; Louis Philippe disquieted at the state of 1453 Gibbs, John 1577^, i588m Gibson, Susanne Arethusa (VOL in) 878116, 1206, I2i5n4, I336n5, I504ni, 1507^: D writes to 1207; reports Thackeray's admiration for D I345n2 Gibson, Thomas Milner (VOL in) 712112, 1237: D praises his radical corn-law speech I2i4&n7; praises D'S consular speech 1224; entertained by the DS I4i2ni Gilpin, Louisa i548&ni Gilpin, Richard Thomas (later ist Bt) 1548m, I576n6 Gilston 26oX Gladstone, John Neilson H26Rn2 Gladstone, William Ewart (VOL n) 369117, 7I5R, i22im, i307n2, 1466™, I5i4ni3, i5igng: and the Velveteen Correspondence' I28in2; resigns from cabinet over Maynooth rjgi∋ Ste Aulaire hopes he will save the country 1454; D sees him as equal to Peel I455&n3; as possible Conservative leader (1846) 1514 Gleed, George 755X&n4, i555ni Globe, The i6nn2: accuses D of trying to form a new party (1840) 1038X5 on Young England I323n6 Gloucester 1329, 1330: pairing of election petition with Shrewsbury i240&nm&4; MA'S property at i479&m, I599&m Gloucester, Mary, Duchess of (VOL n) 560112, I3i4&nn3&n, 1316 Gloucester Bank, County of i265&m Gloucestershire W: by-election (1836) 453R&n8 Godey, Louis Antoine i42O&na Godlee, Rickman i329ni, i6o3n2 Goldshede, Bernardo 1246m, i276&nni&2, i3OO&m, I336&n4, 1427m Goldsmid, Sir Isaac Lyon, ist Bt (VOL n) 450113, i458m Goldsmith, Lewis i264&ng Goldsmith, Oliver I5i5n2, i6ig&oi5 Gomez, Gen Miguel 53oR Goodman, John Reynolds i6oi&ni Gordon, John I238n2 Gore, Catherine Grace (VOL i) 75111: Ormington and Cecil I2i5&n4, 1219; her edition of 428

Charles de Bernard's The Lover and the Husband I238n6 Gore, Montagu (VOL i) 193114, 1493&n4 Gore, William Ormsby I343&n2, I37on2 Gore House 1231, 1308, 1333, I336&n5 Gore-Langton, Lady Anna Eliza Mary (VOL in) 760116, I585&n2 Gosset, Matthew is6o&ni Gottingen I433&m8 Goulburn, Henry (VOL n) 363114, 1231^, i6i7n4, i6i9nm&4: is 'extraordinarily kind' to D I2i4&n6; and the Forged Exchequer-bills Bill I278n3 Goulburn, Jane (VOL in) 10031116, I2i4&n6, 12318015 Goulburn, Jane Lydia I2i4&n6 Government annuities 13868011 Graham, Sir James (ist Bt) 755Xn6 Graham, Sir James, 2nd Bt (VOL n) 516113, go6X, i354ni, iqSgm, I394n2, i475ni, 1609: cheers D'S rejoinder to Palmerston 1224; praises D'S Income Tax speech 1241; D writes to him about a post for James I26o&n2, 1261, 1262, i332&m; and the Mazzini letter-opening affair (1844) i359ni; opposes formation of Andover committee 1476m; 'will ... lose his seat' I5i4&n6; and Ferrand's '"great Mott case"' i524&nm&2 Gramont, Alfred, comte de 1264&H5 Gramont, Alfred Onerius Theophile de 1264^ Gramont, Antoine Genevieve, due de (VOL n) 568114, i264&nm&3&4, I265&n2, 1270, 1336 Gramont, 'Ida' (Anne), duchesse de i264&ni, 1270, 1336, i356n8 Gramont, Antonia Armandine de I264&n6 Gramont, Antonia Gabrielle de I264&n6 Granby, Marquess of (later 6th Duke of Rutland) (VOL in) 1032111, i43on2,1510, isigng, I524&n3, I52gn3, 1617: his 'Gastilian emptiness' in corn-law debate I2i4&ng; at the Waverley Ball 1362; entertained by the DS 1419111, i542&m; and the Protectionist demonstration at Waltham 15018013, i5O5&nn48t6, I5o6&m, 15078019, I5ii8tec8cnn6&8; and the Protectionist demonstration at Lynn 15038014, 15048^4; and the Wellington monument I5ii&nn28r6, 1515; D hopes he will stand by Bentinck i6ig8m4 Grand Trunk Railway (Canada) i374ni Grant, Sir Alexander Cray, 6th (8th) Bt (VOL n) 64304, 538X, 755X8017, 84oR, gsgX&nS, io35R, 12158011,1225, i57gm Grantham 1504 Granville, George i3gom Granville, ist Earl ('Lord Carteret') i39O&ni, i39m4 Great North of England Railway I4g6m Greaves, Edmund 1555m Greene, Thomas A. 13488011 Greenwich 13568013, 1505 Gregg, Tresham Dames I3g8m: dedicates 'a furious Protestant Volume' to D I478&ni,

i5ig&n7 Gregory, Gregory de Ligne i5O7&n5, 1510 Gregory, William Henry (later Sir William) 1408111 Gregory xvi, Pope izGg&mG Grenville, Lady Anna Eliza Mary. See GoreLangton, Lady Anna Eliza Mary Grenville, George Neville (VOL HI) 1030112, i473m Grenville, ist Baron 15148^4 Gresley, Sir Roger, 8th Bt (VOL n) 668n7, 38iX Gretna Green I450&n3 Greville, Charles Cavendish Fulke (VOL i) 1651112, 1265^, I336n6, 1358: comments on reception of Peel's 1842 corn-law proposal 1204m; on Lord Hertford's life and death I22gn6; on Peel's response to Palmerston's summary (1842) 1255™; on Russell's Edinburgh letter I45in2; reporting confidential matters to Louis Philippe 1453^; on Cobden's 'triumph' 1454^; reports Lansdowne House meeting 1489™ Greville, Henry William I265&n5 Grey, Charles (VOL i) 201115, 68iX&n2 Grey, Sir George, 2nd Bt (VOL HI) 713112, 936Xn8 Grey, 2nd Earl (VOL i) 122117, 4igR: Smythe's article on 1434^7 Grey, 3rd Earl (VOL n) 379111, i28im, 1337^, I455n2, 1475ns, I5i4n3 Griffin, Alfred iryog&m, 1553, i597&m Grisi, Giulia (VOL HI) 8391111, i422&m, I428n2 Grosvenor Gate 1207, 1246, 1258, 1274, 1275, 1285, 1290, 1307, 1340, 1427, 1441, 1444, '495> H96&n2> 1P°, J5n. 15*4. I58o> 15B5>5,, 1616 Grote, George (VOL n) 558ni, IO35R Groves, Thomas I37o&n3 Guardian Assurance Office 1545^ Guauches, the 1433 Guernsey: a pamphlet on Napier's administration of i384&na Guest, Sir Josiah John (VOL i) 2731111, 1358^, i6io&m Guests, the 1225,1358n6 Guizot, Andre Francois I269ni4 Guizot, Francois (VOL i) 14604, 1270, 1454™: entertains D I269&nn4&i4, I46o&m; D approaches him on the 'right of search' issue I27i&nn2&3; and the 1844 crisis over Morocco and Tahiti I373&n2; believes Peel will be restored to power (1845) I453&ec&nn3&4; and the Spanish marriages 1530^ Guizot, Pauline (Guizot's first wife) I26gni4 Guizot, Sophie Elisabeth I26g&ni4 Gunnersbury Park I3i6&nm&2, I434&n6, 1497^3 Gurney, John Hampden 675R Gurney, Russell 6-j^R. Gurwood, Fanny 1336&U5 Gurwood, John (VOL HI) 8231110, 84oRn6, i336&n5

Guthrie, George James (VOL HI) 95102, i57gm 'H., S.' i294&m Habeas Corpus I3&4&n3 Haddington, gth Earl of (VOL in) 91908, I3i5&n3 Hadrian: the Deepdene compared to his villa 13244

Hahnemann, Samuel C.F. I275&n7 Hale, Robert B. 453Rn8 Hale, William Hale 1379^ Hall, Samuel Carter i294ni Hall, Spencer i294ni Hallam, Henry (VOL n) 46401, I447n7 Halle, Hughes R.P. Fraser 1393&01 Hallez, Theophile 1458&01 Halliwell, Henrietta Elizabeth Molyneux (later Halliwell-Phillipps) I258n2, 1262&03 Halliwell, James Orchard (later HalliwellPhillipps) (VOL HI) 115004, I258&n2, 12628013 Ham I433nni5-i7 Hambleden, Bucks: and D'S qualifications as DL of Bucks I40on2, I4i8m Hamilton, Charles John Baillie 131503 Hamilton, Lord Claud (VOL HI) 106905, I205 1207, 1229: sees D about consuls in the Levant I2i3&n5; asks to second D'S consular motion 1222; neglects 'alterations' in seconding D'S consular motion I226&n3 Hamilton, Lady (2nd Bt) 936X&03 Hamilton, Sir James John, 2nd Bt 936X&03 Hamilton, Viscount i205ni Hamilton-Gordon, Arthur Hamilton (later ist Baron Stanmore) i2O5&ec&0i Hamlet, T, goldsmith and jeweller 675R Hampden, John 1519^ Hampden, Renn Dickson: and the Hereford bishopric controversy i6ign7 Hancock, Edward 1278^ Handley, Rose (later Rose Mathew) 1514^ Hanmer, Henry 1555™ Hanover, King of. See Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover Hansard: and D'S 'Consular statement' I244&n3; and the reporting of D'S Corn Bill speech 149301; and the 1846 dispute over the 1829 reporting of Peel 1499^; and parliamentary reporting I5i2ni Hansard, James i035Rm Hansard, Luke Graves i035Rm Hansard, Thomas Curson Jr io35Rm Harcourt, George Simon (VOL n) 577m, 155501 Hardinge, ist Viscount (VOL n) 42606, 538X1 praises D'S Income Tax Speech 1241; wonders where D got his Afghanistan speech material I252&n5; and Fancourt's affairs I276n2; 'might have been Prime-Minister' I5i4&ni3 Hardy, Thomas (of Aberdeen) i534&m Harlaxton Manor 15078015, 1510 Harlequin, HMS I274ni

Harman, Mr 1265m, i547ni Harper, George i5oin5 429

Harrington, Countess of (4th Earl) (VOL in) GaaRni, ggGX&nio, 1314 Harrington, 4th Earl of (VOL i) 99117, 936X&nio, I3i4&ni5 Harrison, William Henry (gth U.S. president) izyini Hart, Abraham 1403^2 Hartopp, Edward Bourchier i5O7&n3 Harvey, Daniel Whittle (VOL n) 54On4, go6X, 942X Harvey, Robert (VOL in) 10851110, 1555™ Hawes, Benjamin (later Sir Benjamin) (VOL n) 675112, 675R, 1255, W&nS Hawtrey, Edward Craven i555ni, 1559m Haycock, Edward i3O7&n3 Haymarket, Italian Opera House 1596™ Hayward, Abraham (VOL n) 605114, 1421™, i524nl HB. See Doyle, John Heneage, Arabella 1265^ Heneage, Windsor iz65&n5 Henningsen, Charles Frederick 1457™ Henry VH I24on2 Henry vin 1421™ Herbert, Sidney (later ist Baron Herbert of Lea) (VOL n) 408114, gsgX, 1225 Hereford: controversy over the bishopric of i6ig&n7 Hereford, i3th Viscount 936Xn3 Her Majesty's Theatre I422ni, i55om, I5g6m Hernandez, Chevalier iz64&ni4 Herrick, Robert: D imitates i523ni Herries, John Charles (VOL i) 192112, 936Xn8, i46g&ni, i6o8&n3, iGigm: D asks him to return to parliament to support Protectionism i465&nm&2; as 'a capital Chancellor of the Exchequer' 1489; ill with influenza 1611; as potential Protectionist leader i6iynn4&5 Hertford, ist Marquess 1232^ Hertford, 3rd Marquess of (VOL i) 324114: his death I22o&n3, I22g&nn5&6; his will 1221, I222&nn6&7, i230&nn3-5; Peel in his will i232&nn3-6&8 Hertford, 4th Marquess of i22O&n3, I22g&n5, 1230, 1232 Hertslet, Lewis 1385™ Hervey, Lord William I453&n7, 1454 Heytesbury, ist Baron (VOL i) 178112, 26oX Hickson, William Edward: reviews Coningsby I368n3 Higginson, Alex 1555m Hildyard, Robert Charles (VOL in) 79ini, 1252 Hildyard, Thomas B.T. isigng Himalayan mountains 1433 Hindostan 1433 Hitchcock, Richard James I286n3, 1293&H2 Hitchcox, W. I3g7&ec Hoare, Francis Buchanan i24om Hoare, Henry I5i4ng Hoare, Henry Charles 1555111 Hobhouse, Sir John Cam, 2nd Bt (later ist Baron Broughton) (VOL i) 215113, i25om, 430

i358n6, i39gn2, 1475114, 1587113 Hobhouse, Thomas Benjamin (VOL i) 215113, 356X Hochepied, the Barons De 1586m Hodgskin, Thomas I4io&ni Hodgson, Richard (VOL n) 683n7, 1224 Hodson, James Shirley I437&ni Hogg, James Macnaghten (later ist Baron Magheramore) 13&2&H5 Hogg, Sir James Weir, ist Bt (VOL n) 682119, 1362^, I524&nn2&3 Holdernesse House 1515 Holland, Baroness (3rd Baron) (VOL n) 46gni2, I26gni3 Holland, 3rd Baron (VOL n) 5O2n2, I26gni3 Hollingworth, J. 755Xn8 Holloway, John 942Xn3 Holmes, Nelly. See Pitt, Eleanor Holmes, William (VOL n) 5581110, 755X Holt, Mr i555ni Honduras: Fancourt and the Spanish in I336&n4 Hood, Thomas 95gXn6, I447n7 Hood's Magazine: reviews Coningsby I35i&n3 Hope, Adrian (VOL in) 1104112, 1213^ Hopes, the Adrian 1264 Hope, Alexander Beresford I2i3&n7, I226&nn7&8, I578n2 Hope, Frederick W. (VOL i) 150112, 453Rn3 Hope, Henry Thomas (VOL i) 255111, g36X&n8, I2i3n7, i24om, 1264: entertained by the DS 1202, i4igm; the DS at the Deepdene (Easter 1842) 1203, 1233&ni (Easter 1843) I3olnlfdjkgf (September 1843) I323&ec&nn3&7&8, I324&n2; Coningsby dedicated to 1326^; on Coningsby I342n2, i343&m; invites D to meet Don Carlos i52g&m Hope, Thomas (VOL i) 86113, g36Xnn Hopkinson, Barton and Co I222n7 Hopkinson, Edmund 1230^, 1232^: and Lord Hertford's will I222&n7 Horace I2i3n7 Horwood, Edward i555ni Houghton, John i575ni Houlditch, a creditor I286&n7, I2g4ni, i33O&m, i4g5m,isg7 How, Jeremiah 1407^ Howard, Philip Henry I255&n5 Howden, 2nd Baron (VOL HI) 1006114, I45&n3 Howe, ist Earl (2nd creation) (VOL n) 3731111, H34n5 Howick, Viscount. See Grey, 3rd Earl Hubbard, John Gellibrand (later ist Baron Addington) 1597^ Hudson, George 15O4&D5, i52gn2, I5g4&m Hudson's Bay Company I45on2 Hughenden I252ni, I2g3n3: library i395ni, I3g6ni, I433n6; death of John Norris and its imminent sale 1447^; purchase negotiations i526m, i527ec, 15296012, i536&nm&2, 1537^1, i538&m, I539&n5, 1540, 1543m, i544&m, I545&n3, i573&ec, i58i&m, isgo&m, 1597, i6oom, i6o3&n2, i6i2&nm&2, i6i6&ec&m; the DS at 1598

Hugo, Victor Marie 1275&H4 Hull and Selby Railway 1496111 Humboldt, Friedrich Heinrich Alexander, Baron von izSg&ng, 1275, I452n5 Hume, Joseph (VOL i) ig8m, I255&n3, I323n6: D sends him a copy of an 'address' (1836?) 465X&m; and the Shrewsbury magistrates affair 1354™ Hume, Robert Montagu (a creditor) (VOL 11) 665111, i243&m, I286&nn3&7, 1291, 1597: prepared to compromise i450&m; D settles with I495&n2, 1528 Hunt, Job Swinehatt I468&ni Hunter, Mary I383&ni Huntingtower, Baron 1294™, I3ogn2 Hutt, William m3&n3, i356n2 Hyde Park Gardens I222&n3 Hydropathy: and Sir Francis Burdett's death I336&m Ibbetson, Lady Adela (VOL in) 794111, i45O&n3 Ibbetson, Charles Parke: Lady Adela Villiers elopes with i45O&n3 Ibrahim Pasha (VOL i) 231114, 38iX, i494ni Illuminated Magazine, The 1517™ Illustrated London News, Tfo 1445^3, 1450 Illustrated Times, The 1445^ Illustrated Weekly Times, The 1445^ Income Tax 1233^, I25om: re-introduced (1842) i202ni, I22g&n3, 1230; 'smelt' by Lord Hertford's ghost 1232; D'S speech on I24i&n2 India: disastrous British withdrawal from Kabul I225&n5, 1226; response to the massacre at Kabul I22g&nn2&3; D's sPeecn on Whig foreign policy in Income Tax debate I24in2; D'S speech on Indian Revenues i242ni; D to second Baillie's Afghanistan motion 1244™; British victory at Kabul i268&nn; and the sugar question i5Oon2 Influenza: the 1847-8 epidemic i6n&n3; a factor in Bentinck's resignation 1617 Inglis, John (Bishop of Nova Scotia): praises Sybil I4i6m Inglis, Sir Robert Harry, 2nd Bt (VOL in) 8 97n5. H33n8 loway Indians: the DS entertain a group of 1367™ Ireland ^ooni, 1475^: a 'wild Irish debate' (1837) 68iX&m; 1843 repeal agitation in I3i2&nm&3; RD reports on I326&n6; D'S speech on the State of Ireland 13388013; D praises Milnes's speech on Academical Institutions Bill I4i5&m; the famine 1445^, 1447^, I45on6, I452n3, 1515117, 1563m; D sees the 1845 famine as a false one I455&n7; corn imports from I493n2; 'the real potatoe famine' 1514^7; D on the ruling of 1519^4; to be the battlefield of the 1847 session 1524^; repeal 'has crumbled away' 1530; and Bentinck's railway speech (1847) I533&m; the famine and the 1847 financial crisis 1593^; the subject of debate in the special 1847 session i6o7n4, i6o8&nn3&4

Iremonger, Lascelles 936Xn7 Irish Arms Bill 1312^, 1316^: 3R delayed by Ewart's amendment ^ig&ec&m; D reminds Peel of his speech on I337&n5 Irish Coercion Bill (1846) 1479™, !482n2, i6ogn2: and the fall of Peel's government I497&n2, H99n2 Irish Independents 1514^ Irish Poor Relief Bill 1541™ Irving, Washington (VOL i) 91116, 14568^3 Isaacson, Stephen I426&ni Isabella n, Queen of Spain 1453^, I529nl» I 53on3 Isabella of Castile I433ni3 Ishmael I433ni2 Isle of Wight 1261 Israeli, Isaac (D'S great grandfather) I395&ni Istanbul (Stamboul) 1434, 1455 Italy: and Pope Pius's reforms I548&n2; Manners on Italian unification i6o8m Ives, John I578n2 Jacobson, Eleanor Jane (VOL in) 840113, 84oR Jacobson, William (VOL in) 840113, 84oR James, a servant 1211, 1220, 1222, 1231, 1265 James, Flora Petit i22Q&n6 Jameson, D.D. I386&n2, 1437111: sends D his Colour Music I38i∋ entertained by the DS I427ni; sends MA a volume of poems 1445™ Jamieson, George Auldjo I534&ni Jamieson, James i534ni Jarnac, comte de 1269118, 1278^, I453n4, 1607, 1608: the DS entertain i284ni, I358n6; handles the French-British crisis (1844) i377&m Jarnac, comtesse de I278&n7 Jeffs, William I4i7&ni Jenney, William 1555™ Jersey, I26o&n2: and the Carus Wilson case 13848013 Jersey, 4th Earl of 1507^ Jersey, 5th Earl of (VOL in) 7ign6, 755X, I3i4&n8, 1450^3: illness at Frankfort i53O&n8 Jersey, Countess of (5th Earl) (VOL in) 7ign6, 755X, 1530: 'in a stupor of malice' at the DS' social success I428&n5; and the elopement of her daughter 145082^3 Jesuits: controversy on whether many early Jesuits were Jews I433&nn2&5&7 Jesus Christ i433&n2O, I4go&n2, i6i7n2 Jewish disabilities question i6o7&n5: 'the Hebrew explosion' i6i7&nn2&4&5; and Granby's support of Bentinck i6ig&n4 Jews: and the 'Young England Philosophy' series in MP I433&nm&2&5&8-io&i2; as the 'pure and sacred race' 1451; 'the children of Israel ... will not be overwhelmed by M. Hallez' i458&m Jews, of Germany: D ranks them high in intelligence but not in blood 1388 Johnson, Dr Samuel 1312, i6ig&n5 Johnson, William i555ni Johnston, T.H. (VOL in) 949111, 1217^, i288m, I28gn2, 1299^, 1303&ni, 1304

431

Joinville, Prince de 1373112 Jolliffe, Sir William George Hylton, ist Bt (later ist Baron Hylton) (VOL n) 667117, 161702 Jones, Edward (VOL i) 201, i6oana Jones, John 1474^1 Jones, Love Parry I563n4 Jones, Thomas (VOL i) 87111, i6oana Jones, Tom: on Coningsby I347&n5 Journal des Debats ia68&ng: mentions D'S Afghanistan speech I252&n6; has leader on D '"interpellation"' to Peel 1331 Juvenal 1213^: as an antidote to a 'utilitarian senate' 1609 Keate, Henry I37o&n5 Keats, John: Lamia 1334™ Keepsake, The (1845): D'S 'Fantasia' in 1324™ Keighley Union i524ni Kenealy, Edward Vaughan I4g6&n3, 1498 Kennet and Avon Canal: Mrs Yate's shares in i236&m Kensington Palace 1515^ Kent, Charles Ljogni Kent, Duchess of I222n8 Keon, Miles Gerald 14338102 Kerrison, Lady (VOL 11) 4081123, 159802 Kerrison, Sir Edward, ist Bt (VOL 11) 4081123, I598&n2 Kielmansegge, Count Adolphus von (VOL HI) 1144114, I3i7ph, I3i8&n3, I4i9ni, 1515^5, 1519 King, Miss I445&n3 King, Isaac: family of I27o&nn, 1447 King, Sir John Dashwood, 4th Bt (VOL 11) 6*5^3, tStt™, King, Melvil and Co i593&na Kinglake, Alexander William (VOL 11) 4O7ni, i339na, I494&n4 King's College (Aberdeen) i534ni King's Lynn 1501, 1503, I503&n3, 1504, i5O5&n7,

Lamennais, Hugues Felicite Robert de I454&n4, 1456 Lancashire 1372 Lancaster Assizes I4a8&m Landon, Letitia Elizabeth (VOL i) 15909: her work on Lady Stepney's writings 38iX&n5 Lane-Fox, Georgiana Henrietta (VOL HI) 86402, io83R, 1312 Langley, Daniel Baxter i573A&ec&m, I576&no4&5 Lansdowne, ist Marquess of ('Lord Shelburne') i39o&ni, i405&m, 1428 Lansdowne, 3rd Marquess of 135803, 1428, i49om, 1507, 15158018, I55gn3, 1602: D requests information about his father for Sybil i39O&m; praises D'S treatment of Shelburne in Sybil i4O5&m Lansdowne, Marchioness of (3rd Marquess) (VOL HI) 73004, i428&na Lansdowne House I428&n2: meeting of 23 May 1846 at I475n3, 14898™, Ljgoni, I492&m Lara, Aaron 1395m Lara, Aaron Jr i395ni Lara, Rachel (D'S aunt) 1395&O1 Lara, Rachel (D'S great great aunt) 1395&O1 Lara (D'S great great grandfather) 1395 La Rochefoucauld, Francois, 5th due de i53om Larpent, Sir George Gerard de Hochepied, ist Bt 1586&01 Lascelles, William Saunders Sebright (VOL 11) 54005, 68iX Lauder, Thomas I36im Law, Charles Ewan (VOL in) 115105, 154201 Law, Elizabeth Sophia (VOL in) 115105, I22280,

Law, Matilda I43on2 Lawford, Mr 156901 Lawrence, Thomas 137O&03 Law Times, The 136101 Leader, John Temple (VOL n) 60601, IO35R League, The: reviews Coningsby i349&m, 13568^5 i5°7 Kingscote, Lady Isabella Ann 4538^9 Ledru, Charles I4o6&oi, 14128011, 1460 Kingscote, Thomas Henry 453R&ng Le Due, Louis Antoine 1457&O1 Knatchbull, Sir Edward, gth Bt (VOL in) Lee, Mr 1370 89708, 1210, 1213, I2i6&n3, 1219, 1221 Leech, John i437ni Knight, Charles: and The Englishman's Library Lefroy, Anthony 936X&O5 I Lefroy, Thomas 936X&O5 379n3 Knight, Henry Gaily (VOL i) 23204, 1252^, Leicester 1504, 1505, 1506 I466n2 Leighton Buzzard 1570, 1577 Knight, Robert I445n8, I446n3 Leinster, 2nd Duke of I26gn8 Knightley, Rainald I43on2 Leipzig: edition of Coningsby 14038013 Kretshmar, Mr: and a German translation of Lennox, Alexander EC. Gordon- 15708101 Coningsby 1403^ Lennox, Lady Caroline (later Countess of BessLablache, Luigi i263&ni, i422&m, I428n2 borough) I503H2 Labouchere, Henry (later ist Baron Taunton) Lennox, George C. Gordon- 157O&O1 (VOL n) 390114, 1358, i6o8&n3: congratulates D Lennox, Lord Henry G.C. Gordon-1617^ on his election (1837) 68iX Lennox, Lord William Pitt (VOL i) 16908, Lacave-Laplagne, Jean Pierre Joseph 1452&O2 140801 La Chaise, Pere (Paris cemetery) I264&m6 Leonora, Princess 1322 Lamartine, Alphonse de 126509, 1272 Leopold i, King of the Belgians (VOL HI) Lamartine, Marianne de i265&ng 76904, 137701, 142011 Lambert, Aylmer Bourke i2Oi&n2 Levant: and D'S consular motion 12138015 Lewis, Charles 1546&O1

432

Lewis, George Cornewall (later and Bt) 1524111 Lewis, Thomas Frankland 53oR&n6: Lewis, William Price (VOL in) 746111, I446&n3 Lewis, Wyndham (VOL i) 242113, 1578112, i6ioec Liberals (Whigs) 453R&n9, 53oR: abandon Melbourne (1835) 4igR; and the Lower Canada Bill debate (1838) 7I5R; lose division on grant to Prince Albert (1840) iO38X&m; nothing but a non-confidence vote will make them 'budge' (1841) ii56X&nni&2; speeches contradict votes on Peel's corn law proposal I2ign4; 'pinned' by D'S Income Tax speech I24i&n2; Peel honours their treaties with Texas i247ni; their handling of the 1827 N.A. boundary convention 1249; silenced by Peel's response to Palmerston's summary (1842) 1255; their 70 years of government before Pitt 1320; D meets the Whig leaders (1844) I358n6; some at Shrewsbury are converted by D'S Maynooth speech 1401™; the interests of the party served by Russell's Edinburgh letter I45i&na; Louis Philippe believes they will form government 1453; tne impression in Pariss that they 'cannot come forward' i454&nm&5; fail to form a government (Dec 1845) M-SS^112' I475n5; possibility of a group joining some Conservatives under Palmerston 1472™; decide not to oppose Peel's Corn Bill in the Lords 1489™; Melbourne and 'his immediate friends' in a prospective Whig-Protectionist government I492&m; the sugar question (1846) I50on2, i5O4&n3; appoint Ponsonby ambassador despite his previous opposition to them i5O7n2, 1508; and the timing of dissolution I5og&n2; 'I brought the Whigs into power' I5i4&nn5&6; taking extraordinary pains with the registration (1846) I5i5&nn4&7; their Irish support I5ig&nn2&3; vast and wise schemes for Ireland 1524^; and Irish Railways i533ni; support Cavendish in Bucks I 539n3> D ig 'far fr°m being their opponent'fdfdsf (1847) 1568; content with Bucks arrangement 1577; and the 1847 election returns 1593^; and the 1847 financial crisis debate 1608; and Russell's 'Whig Erastianism' i6ign7 Liberal Unionists 1519^ Lichfield, ist Earl of I252&n2, I3ogn2 Lieven, Dorothea, Princesse de i27om Ligne, Eugene Lamoral, Prince de i27o&nio Lille, France 1450, 1452 Lilly (Lady Blessington's dog) 352R Lincoln, Earl of (later 5th Duke of Newcastle) (VOL i) 324117, I466n2 Lincoln cathedral 84oR Lind, Jenny i55om, I5g6m Lindo, Benjamin Ephraim 853X, I3i7&ph&ec, 1318 Lindo, Cecilia (VOL i) 11115, 853X Lindo, Emily (VOL i) 11115, ^53^ Lindo, Ephraim (VOL i) 11115: his death, 853X&m

Lindo, Louisa (VOL i) 11115, ^53^ Lindos, the 1314 Lindsay, James 1450^ Lindsay, Lady Sarah Elizabeth i45O&n4 Linnean Society I2om2 Linton, William James I5i7&ni Lion Inn, Shrewsbury 1371 Literary Gazette, The io83R Liverpool i326&m, 1493&ni Liverpool, 2nd Earl of i32O&n5 Lloyd George, David (ist Earl Lloyd-George of Swyfor) I37gn4 Locker, Edward Hawke 3&iXAn2 Lockhart, John Ingram i555ni Loewenhielm, Gustave, comte de I264&ni4 Loftus, Thomas (VOL in) 76503, i6io&ec Loftus, Viscount. See Ely, 3rd Marquess of London 3iiR, 1230: the City 1241, 1284, 1289, 1482; social season shortened (spring 1843) I3o6&m; social season revived by King of Hanover's visit I3i4&n2; fog 1385; as secondbest to Paris 1388; as the 'deserted village' (1846) I5i5&n2 Londonderry, Marchioness of (3rd Marquess) (VOL 11) 408119, 1378^3, i6o5&nm&2: arranges a Waverley Quadrille 1362^; D resumes his friendship with i424∋ 'courteous to MA' 1428; writes from Hamburg I5i5&m; as inspiration for a Protectionist government 15308012; D sends her the first copy of Tancred I54i&n2 Londonderry, 3rd Marquess of (VOL n) 38905, 936X1 supports Bright I3i8&n5; offers use of Wynyard to D I378&nn2&3 London Gazette, The ii56Xn7, 1607&n8 London Life Association i6o2n2 London Magazine, The I528n2 Longley, John 1456m Longman, Orme and Co 1347, 1427^ Longman, Thomas: on U.S. copyright I420n4; D'S negotiations with i50O&m Longueville, Anne, duchesse de: Lady Londonderry as i53O&m Lords, House of 16078015: D shakes hands with Wellington at H26R; Ste Aulaire agitated by 'la majorite des Lords' 1453 Louise, Princess i6o7n7 Louis Philippe of France (VOL n) 41301, I264nn3&7&n&i3&i9,1456^, 1524^, 1529^: his response to his son's death I265nn6&7; his reception of D (1842-3) I266&m, i267&ec&m, I268&nn7&8&io-i2, i270&nmo&n, i272&m, 1273, 1275; presents D to the Queen I269&nn8&9&i8&20 &2I&23; has Baudrand forward La Presse to D I289&n3; pleased at D'S reply to Palmerston in NA boundary debate I3oi&n2; and the D'Orsay estate 1336^; shown D'S letters on Tahiti and Morocco by Gen Baudrand 1373^; is much disquieted by British affairs 1451, I452&n5; sees 'a vast revolutionary movement' as unavoidable I453&ec&nn3&4&8; asks whether Gladstone and Wellington could not lead a government 1455; D has audience with i46o&m;

433

wishes Peel to undertake his defence on the Spanish marriages I53o&n3 Louis xiv of France 1264^16, 1270, 1272117 Lovegrove, John i24om, 1265™, isySni, i2gi&03, I2g6n3, i3O2ni, 1311111, ^ag&ni, 1330, i34on2, i367&n2, 1369 Lovegrove, Joseph 1599™ Lovell, William 1235&01, i24om, i246&m, 1254, i3oom, 1353, 1355, i357ec&m, 1427™, 1428, 1462™, 1518, 1525, I566&n4 Low, William Francis 1286&H4, 1309 Lowe, James 1361111 Lowndes, William 1547™, 1576&02 Lowndes, William Selby 1555™ Lowndes-Stone, William Francis. See Stone, William Francis LowndesLowther, Viscount (later 2nd Earl of Lonsdale) (VOL 11) 426114, I222n7, 1230^, 1232^ Loxdale, James I2ig&02, 1222 Loxdale, John I2ig&n2, 1222 Loyola, St Ignatius I433n5 Lucas, Charles i537m Lucas, George i555ni Lucas, Henry i537&ni, i547ni, i55iec, I554&n2, 1565, I576&n2, 1583^, i592m Lucas, Powell and Lucas i537ni Lumley, Benjamin i422&m, I5g6&nm&2 Lupton, Harry 1555™ Lurgan, 1st Baron i4Q2&n4 Luttrell, Henry (VOL i) 14609, 1358 Luxembourg Palace, Paris 1264, 1270, 1272, 1454 Lyndhurst, Baroness (ist Baron) (VOL n) 6461124, 352R, 1083!*., i264ng, I53o&n8: entertains MA 1284; entertains the DS i05iR, I3i4&nn, 1347 Lyndhurst, ist Baron (VOL i) 338116, 352R, 35gX&n2, 38iX, 44gX&n4, 53oR, 675R&m, 936X, 95gX, I035R, i05iR, io83R, I2i4n2, i255ni, 1347, i455m: proposes second visit to Bradenham with Lady Sykes (1835) 4i9R&nna&ii-i2; presents D to King of Hanover 1314; on Coningsby I342&n2; illness (1845) I45°^cn5;; tries to unite Peelites and Protectionists for sugar debate i5Oon2; and 'the gay illusion' he will be Chancellor again 1530 Lynn Regis 359X^3 Lyon, David I278n8 Lyon, William H56X&ng Lyons, France io5iR Lyttelton, 4th Baron (VOL in) 1107111, I364&n2 Lytton, Sir Edward Bulwer, ist Bt (later ist Baron Lytton) (VOL i) 83111, 68iX, IO35R, 1265: Pelham 538X5 entertains the DS 1314; Rienzi 140302; entertained by the DS i284ni, I4i4&m, 1415; Lucretia I528&nn2&3, 1530 Maberly, Katherine i284&ni, tyig&ni Maberly, William Leader (VOL in) 101202, i284ni Macaulay, Thomas Babington (VOL i) 23303, 84oR Macdonald, James William Bosville !224&ny Macdonald, W.P. ii56Xn4

434

Macdonald, 3rd Baron 122407 Mackenzie, Robert Shelton (VOL in) 117701, i348&m, i395&nm&2 Mackenzie, William Lyon I25in2 Macready, Catherine Frances Q36X&0Q Macready, William Charles (VOL i) 302, 936X&nn8&9, I528n2 McDougal, Mr and Mrs (Andover Union) i476ni McGeachy, Forster Alleyne I374&0m&3 McNab, Sir Allan Napier (later ist Bt) I25i&0m&2 Madrid 53oR Magrath, Edward 12Q2&01 Mahon, Viscountess Stanhope of (later Countess Stanhope (5th Earl)) (VOL n) 54304, 755X Mahon, Viscount Stanhope of (later 5th Earl Stanhope) (VOL i) 9107, 123318012, I238&n5 Maidenhead 1258 Maidstone 755X&nn8&g Maidstone, Viscount (later nth Earl of Winchilsea) (VOL n) 67402, 1509^33, Maidstone, Viscountess I5ogn3 Maine. See also Webster-Ashburton Treaty: D asks question on the boundary dispute i248&ec&m, I24g&n3 Mallalieu, Alfred i056Xm Malmesbury, ist Earl of: D recommends his Diaries if^ig&nS Malmesbury, 3rd Earl of I5ign8 Malt Tax: and Lord Chandos (1835) 38iX&m Manby, Capt 127205 Manchester: the DS visit i326&nm&3; the school ofi472ni Manchester Athenaeum: D chairs their 'Literary Meeting' ^Ga&ng, rjGS&ni, i374&nm&3, I375&nn2&3, I378&n4, i42g; and its library I379&n3; D donates copy of Sybil to i4ii&nm&3&, Manchester Free Library 1411111 Manchester Mechanics' Institution I4im3 Mann (a creditor) i4gmi Manners, Lady Adeliza (later Lady Adeliza Norman) 15058104, 1506, 1507, 1510, Manners, Lord Charles Henry Somerset 15O5&01 Manners, Lord George John 15O5&04, 1507, 1510 Manners, Lord John (later 7th Duke of Rutland) (VOL HI) 112902, 121308, I26gn24,1351, i362&m, 136402, ygi, 139901, I4i4ni, isoini, 1503^, I505&n4, 1506, i5O7&nn, 1510, I5ii&ec&n2, i5i2ni, I554n2, I587n3, i593m: and The Courier iO56Xm; as part of Young England group helping Smythe at Canterbury (1841) 1126R&n4; praises D'S consular speech 1224; wishes to second a motion by D mg∋ the DS entertain 1284m; on 'young Walter' and Young England I288n2; on Coningsby 1343; D'S Shrewsbury electors alarmed about 'Popery, Monasteries' and him I370&n6; and the Manchester Athenaeum meeting I374&nm&2, I378&n4; his speech at the Birmingham Athenic Institution i375&m; and 'the great financial principle' i37g&nm&3&4; is opposed to 'popularity-hunting' i384&nm&2&4&6; becomes

Cochrane's uncle I385&n2; thinks Sybil more powerful than Coningsby i4O7&ec&nm-5; reviews Sybil 1434^7; 'furiously hunting' i455&nni&7; and the Wellington monument 1515; withdraws from Newark 'on a scruple of honour' ^ig&nni &2&4&8&9J and Ferrand's '"great Mott case'" i524&ec&nm&3; meets and admires Don Carlos i529&nm&3; praises Tancred 1541^; addresses the Early-Closing Association I542&m; dissociates himself from the Chartists in 1847 election 1561; defeated at Liverpool I586n2; offers his opinions on the 1847 special session i6o7&nni&4&5&g, i6o8&nm&2&4, 1609; on the Protectionist party leadership i6i7&nm-4; as Sacheverell on the Hereford bishopric i6i9&nm&2&4&6-8 Manning, Mr I286n3 Manning and Dalston, attorneys i243ni Mansel, William John 1262^ Mansion House I379&n5 Manx Punch 1372™ Margaret, a servant 1265 Maria Teresa, Queen of Sardinia I27o&n7 Marie Amelie, Queen of France 1264^0, 1272, I452&n5: D presented to I268&nio, I26g&ni8 Mariner, William I278&n4, I3i8&n2 Mariotti, Luigi. See Gallenga, Antonio Marischal College: D invited to stand for Rectorship of i534&m Marjoribanks, Edward I37on6 Marlborough, Duchess of (6th Duke) 1555™ Marlborough, 6th Duke of i$i4&n6, i555ni Marlhiou, Mme de i^s&ec&ni Marmier, Alfred, due de I264n20 Marmier, duchesse de !264&n2O Marpurza, Daitur Victor I362n6 Martens, Georg Friedrich von i385&m Martin, Mary i265nn Martin, Robert Montgomery (VOL in) ugini: congratulates D on his Indian Revenue speech i242m; sends D 'statistical pamphlet' on Indian finances i268&m; sends MA a chest of tea from Hong Kong I442&n2, I5i4ni; resigns his Hong Kong post 1446^2; and Bentinck's railway speech i533&m; D to discuss Irish Railways debate with I533A Martin, St 1523™ Martins, Dame Harriet I286n2 Martins, Sir William I286n2, I293n2 Marylebone: D'S 1833 canvass in 465Xm Mash, Maria Ann I286&n2 Mash, Thomas Baucutt (VOL 11) 42802, I286&nn2&i2, I28gn2, I293n2 Mason, Allen i6oom Mason, George i6oom, i6i2ni Massy-Dawson, James Hewitt I326n2 Masterman, John I586&ni Matheron, Antoine I268n6 Mathew, Anne I445n7, I5i4&nnio&i2 Mathew, George Benvenuto Buckley 936X^2, I445&nn2&7, I5i4&ec&nm&3&8-io

Mathews, Charles James Jr (VOL i) 28407, 936X&n2, I265ni4 Mathison, A. 1231&H4, 1566^4 Mauguin, Francois i264&nio Maxse, Lady Caroline (VOL n) 58007, i2O9&n3, 1233, i284ni Maxse, James (VOL n) 58007: as 'a gossip & a lounger' 1222 Maxses, the James: D dines with 1206, 1207; entertain the DS 1278 Mayer, Eugenie I336&n5 Mayer, Louis 1336^ Maynooth i399Anm&3, 1400^3, 143308, 1455^, 147801: and Gladstone's resignation from cabinet (1845) I39mr> and Young Engl i399&nm&2; and the National Club I5i9nn2&g; D explains his position on I55i&n5, I565n2 Mazarin, Jules 1272^ Mazzini, Giuseppe 1359&01, I5i7ni Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Frederick William, Hereditary Grand Duke of 1314&04 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Augusta, Duchess of 131404 Medes, the 1433 Medina Sidonia, Duke of i529ni Mehemet Ali (VOL i) 3205, 149402 Mehemet Djemil Pasha 127O&02 Mehemet Emin Aali Pasha: the DS entertain i284ni; D proposes him for membership of Crockford's 1287&01; has MA launch first Turkish ship built in England 1294^; gift to MA 1514™ Melanie, the DS' cook in Paris 1264, 1265 Melbourne, ist Viscount 1428^ Melbourne, 2nd Viscount (VOL i) 24301: deserted by his own party (1835) 4igR; is shown D'S letter to Palmerston i453ec; as Lord President in a prospective Whig-Protectionist government I4g2&m; source of a dissolution rumour (1846) 1509, I5i5&n3 Melton Mowbray: Manners hunting at i455&m Meredith, Evelyn (VOL i) 11902, 453R, 135608 Meredith, Hannah. See Brown, Hannah Meryon, Charles Lewis I447n6 Mesmerism 1416™ Messer, Robert (VOL i) 2101: D finds him a post i594&m Metcalfe, Thomas 1545&03, 1616 Metcalfe and Woodhouse 1545^, i6i2ni, i6i6m Metropolitan Drapers' Society: D asked to chair a meeting of 1445m Metternich, Prince (VOL in) 110901, 123206, !275n5 Meulan, Aline, comtesse de i26g&0!4 Mexborough, 3rd Earl of 145004 Mexico, 145002: debate on French blockade of (1839) 906X8012; blockade by Texas of its east coast i247ni; D on the jewels of Mexican ladies 1530 Meyerbeer, Giacomo 1596™ Meynell, Capt Henry I222n7, 123005, 1232^

435

D'S Shrewsbury speech 1307&n2; on Young England I323&nm&6; and Thackeray's review of Coningsby I345&n2, i347&ec; uses 'Tadpole & Taper' in a leader 1356; publishes key to Coningsby I37on6; 'the best Reporter' of debates 1399A&m; D asks to be well reported '275 Mildmay, Sir Henry St John Carew St John, 4th in i472&m; reports D'S speech (Aug 1846) Bt 1414™ 'verbatim' I5i2&m; reports Aylesbury meeting Miles, William (later ist Bt) i39gA&nn2&3, at which D is abused i575&m Morning Herald, The 1505: reports D'S ShrewsI52gn2, i53ona, i552ni: and the Protectionist demonstration at Lynn i5O3&n4 bury speech 1307^2; on Young England 1323^; Milford, Baroness I238&n2 as organ of Protestant radicalism 160802 Milford, ist Baron I238na: a leader of the Morning Post, The I399ni, 1464m, 1468m, i472m, I53on8: D recommends it (1834) National Club 1519^ Mill, John Stuart 1480™ 3iiR&n5; comments on 'wild Irish debate' (1837) 68iXm; and a Prince of Capua scandal Milnes, Henrietta Maria I388&n2 Milnes, Richard Monckton (later ist Baron Hough- (1840) K>35Rn2; on by-elections at Walsall and Canterbury ii26Rnn2&4; reports D'S consular ton) (VOL in) 750116, I226&n8, I37on6, 1391, I39gn2, I4o8&m, I4i9&m, 1431, 1438: asks to speech I224&n5; reports D'S Shrewsbury speech i3O7&n2; D corrects its report of Irish Arms meet D (1837) 68iX&ec; D responds to his Palm Bill debate i32O&m; on Young England 1323&n6; Leaves i339&nm&2; reviews Coningsby I35i&n3, and D'S August 1844 speech at Shrewsbury i352&m; on Coningsby in Berlin i388&nm-3&5; entertained by the DS I4i2ni, 1427m, I43on2; I37in2; reviews Sybil 1402111, i4O7&nn6&7; its D praises his speech favouring separation of 'Young England Philosophy' series 1433; *ts parliamentary reporter supports D and Bentinck church and state in education I4i5∋ applies for under-secretaryship at the foreign office I49gn2; reports D'S speeches at Lynn and i455ni; entertains D i494&m Waltham i5O4&nn5&6, i505nn5-7, i507nm&3; and Milnes, Robert Pemberton I38on2, I388&n2, the Protectionist demonstration for Newdegate at Coleshill I5i6ec&m; and the 'Phocion' 14195011, 1430, 1431 Mirror of Parliament: and the 1846 dispute articles 1530^; praises Behnes's bust of D 1546m; and D'S election address 1551113, over the 1829 reporting of Peel 1499112 Moffat, Mr: manager of Gloucester Bank 1265111 i554&nm&2; on D'S Newport speech 1563m; coverage of D'S canvass ^Ggec∋ reports Mole, Louis Matthieu, comte igSg&i^, 1270, I275&n3 wedding at Wynyard i6o5nn2&3; publishes ManMolesworth, Sir William, 8th Bt (VOL 11) ners's sonnet and leader on the Hereford bishopric controversy i6ign7 560116,1035R Monteagle, ist Baron (VOL HI) 924113, 4i9Rnn Morocco I453n4: its ambassador at Paris i46om Morpeth, Viscount (later 7th Earl of Carlisle) Montefiore, Henrietta (VOL HI) 807113, 1264, (VOL n) 671113, 4i9Rnn, 936X&m, 942Xn2, i284m, I358n6 1589^: and the Wellington monument i5O7nn, Montefiores, the I456n2 Monteith, Henry I445n6 'SiS Moses 1433 Montem I34i&nn2&3 Mosquito Indians 1336^ Montemolin Subscription 1529^ Montenegro, Gen 1529™ Mott, Charles: '"the great Mott case"' i524&m Montgomery, Matilda. See Law, Matilda Mottley, George i265nn Montgomerys, the Alfred I430n2 Moubray, George 1315113 Montpensier, due de 1530^ Moxon, Edward (VOL i) 242111, 3iiR&m, 1368, Montpensier, duchesse de (Infanta of Spain) I599&n4: 'is distressed' financially i365&m; i453n4. i53°n3 D introduces Cooper the Chartist to him Moore, Alfred 1354111 1407^; sells remainders of Isaac's Moore, John ii56Xn7 Curiosities to Bohn i425&m; D forwards his Moore, John Bramley- ii56X&n7 accounts to Bradenham i443&m, 1444; all Moore, Thomas (VOL i) 32119, I4i4&m, 1415, copies of Curiosities sold i6i4&m 1456,1460 Moyes and Barclay, printers I245&m Morgan, Lady (VOL i) 2811112, I356n8: reviews Sybil I4i6&m Muff (a dog)352R Morley, Countess of (ist Earl) 1358&D2 Mundy, Edward Miller i555ni Morley, ist Earl of I358n2 Munich 1275 Municipal Corporations Bill (1835): prospect of Morning Chronicle, The 4i9R, 453R&n5, 675R: on the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos and the a fight over Lyndhurst's amendment to 4igR Garter I204&n4; Palmerston writes leader Murat, Joachim I264ni8 against D'S consular speech i225&m; reports Murray, Augusta Eliza Scott I3i4&ni2 Michele, Charles Eastland (VOL HI) 418X111, 1419111, I554&I1I, 1569 Michele, John George 1554111 Middle class: D on its vulgar liberalism 1519 Mignet, Francois Auguste Alexis I268&n4, 1270,

436

Murray, Charles Robert Scott 13141112, 1555111 Murray, John (VOL i) 3111, 3iiR, 1443112 Mustapha Reschid Pasha I27o&n2, 1281113, 1362116: recalled from Paris (1843) I272&n3; claimed to be D'S source on eastern affairs 1289^ Namik Pasha, Turkish ambassador (VOL 11) 386114, 38iX&n6 Nangle, George (VOL HI) 1006113, H49> I4$n$, Nangle, Lucy Mary (VOL HI) 1006113, 1449 Napier, Sir Charles: intends to speak on D'S consular motion i2O7&n3; suspects D of fishing for an ambassadorship I28m3 Napier, Sir Charles James: his victories in Sind I3i2n2 Napier, William 1384^ Napoleon, Louis (later Emperor Napoleon in). See Bonaparte, Prince Louis Napoleon Narbonne-Lara, comte Louis de I272n4 Nash, John (VOL i) 126112, 53oR, 1443, i55&&ni Nash, William 1556™ National Club I5i9&n2, i6iyn4 National Education: D supports Whig measures on I55i&n4 National Repeal Association I5ig&n2 Naval, Military and County Service Club I434n8 Neale, John 1551^ Neave, Sir Thomas, 2nd Bt 53oR&n8 Neeld, John (later ist Bt) ir^S&ni Neeld, Joseph (VOL in) 740113, 1514^, 1558m Neilson, John Finlay i5O3&n5 Nemours, due de (VOL in) 796116, i04gXn3, I264n8, !2&9&n22 Nemours, duchesse de I26g&nn2i&22, 1452 Nevill, Lady Dorothy i5O3n3, i5O4ni: entertained by the DS I43on2; D tells her of his election i58g&nm&3; marriage 1607^9, i6nA&m Nevill, Reginald Henry i6o7&n9, i6nA&m Neville, Ralph (later Ralph Neville Grenville) I473&nni&2 Newark: Manners withdraws from ^ig&ng New Brunswick: and the Maine boundary dispute !249n3 Newby Hall i594&m Newcastle, ist Duke of 1514&H4 Newcastle, 4th Duke of (VOL n) 390116, i466&nm&2 Newcastle, 5th Duke of isigng Newdegate, Charles Newdigate 1570^, i6o8&nn2&3,16^4: entertained by the DS I5ii&n3; and the Protectionist demonstration for him at Coleshill I5i6&nm&2; a leader of the National Club 1519^; kicked by a horse i522&m; portrayed by Manners as a bigot i6i9&nm&4 Newgate prison I528n2 Newman, John (of Hughenden) i555ni Newman, John Henry 1447^ New Monthly Magazine 1436^ Newport, Sir John (VOL in) iO5ini, iO5iR Newport, Viscount (later 3rd Earl of Bradford): the DS meet i3O7&n5

Newport, Viscountess (later Countess of Bradford) I224n7, I307n5 Newport Agricultural Protection Society 1563™ Newport Pagnell 1564, 1565, 1576^5 New Quarterly Review, The 1434^ News of the World 1445^4 Newton, a button-maker i375ni Newton, Sir Isaac 1433 New Zealand Company I57gn2 Nicholls, George i392ec Nimrod I433&nni5&i6 Nixon, John I3i4ni2 Noah I433&nni5&i7 Noailles, comte Louis de I43on2 Noblet, Antoine Pierre I457&ni Nogarola, Count i27om Norman, Rev Canon EJ. 1505^ Normanby, ist Marquess of (VOL i) 146117, i507&ng Normandy 1264 Norris, Blanche. See Wroughton, Blanche Norris, John I535ni, 1537: his death 1447^ Northampton 1505 Northampton, 2nd Marquess of (VOL n) 419^, 4i9R Northamptonshire: by-election (1835) 453R&n7 Northern circuit of the judges 1428m Northey, William R. Hopkins i555ni Norton, Caroline (VOL i) 159114, 942X, I356n8 Norwich Union Life Insurance Society 1585^3 Nottingham: D likes the price of standing for I294&n4 Nottingham Election Committee: D serves on I288&ec&n2, I28g&ec&n4, i29i&m, I294&ec&nn2&4 Nuevo Christianos 1433^5 Nugent, Andrew 936Xn4 Nugent, Harriet Margaret (formerly Viscountess Dowager Bangor) Q36X&n4 Nugent, Sir George, ist Bt 84oR&n6 Nugent, Baroness (2nd Baron) (VOL in) 1085113, 1389™ Nugent, 2nd Baron (VOL i) 1881114, I3&9nl, 'Nut-Brown Maid, The' 15246^3 O'Brien, Augustus Stafford. See Stafford, Augustus Stafford O'Brien Observer, The 675R, io83R: on the Shuckburgh correspondence i05iRn2; on the financial collapse of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos iSgim O'Connell, Daniel (VOL i) 198111, I5ign2: and the 1843 repeal agitation 1312^; his trial (1844) I338n3; praises D'S speech against Peel's 1846 Corn Bill 1486^ O'Connor, Feargus I37gn2 Oddfellows: D addresses a meeting of the North London district (1845) i42g&m Oddfellows Lodge (Birmingham): invites Manners and D to speak i37gm Oilier, Charles (VOL i) 1111112: his work on Lady Stepney's writings 38iX&n5 O'Loghlin, Terence (VOL in) 750112, 755X

437

Olozaga, Salustiano de ia64&ni4 Opera House (Haymarket) i244&na Oregon Territory Question, The 14506^2, 1451, 1452 Orford, ist Earl of. See Walpole, Sir Robert Orford, Countess of (3rd Earl) 1505^, I566&n5, i6o7n9: entertained by the DS I43on2 Orford, 3rd Earl of 1566^5, 1589111,1607^: and the Protectionist demonstration at Lynn I53&n3,1504&n6, I505&n7 Orkney, 5th Earl of (VOL 11) 68in5, i55im, i555m Orleans, due d' 1270: Rothschild his successor on the turf I264&nn7&8; effect of his death on the Paris season I265&n6; George Basevi's fatal accident compared to his 1446 Orleans, Eugenie Adelaide d' igGg&nzo, 1272, i452&ns Orleans, Princess Helene Louise Elisabeth, duchesse d' laGg&nig Orleans, Princess Marie Clementine d' I26g&nn2i&23 Orme, Frederick Doveton i53O&n8 Orme, Mrs F.D. i53O&n8 Orton, Arthur (the Tichborne claimant) 1496^ Osborne I5i5&n8 Osborne, Lady (gth Bt) 1408™ Osborne, Catherine Bernal 1367™, i4Oom, I4o8m Osborne, Ralph Bernal i367ni, 1368, I4o8m, i547m, i568m Ossulston, Baron (later 6th Earl of Tankerville) (VOL i) 2341116, I035R, I2ig&n4 Osten, Wilhelm, Baron I263&n4 Ostend 1444 Otley, Edward John 453Rnn Ottoman Porte: and first Turkish ship to be built in England 1294^3 Otway, Lady (ist Bt) 942X^3 Otway, Sir Robert Waller, ist Bt 942Xn3 Ouseley, Frances: MA'S goddaughter 1447^ Ouseley, Maria: journal of her trip to Argentina i447&n3 Ouseley, Thomas John 1552m: and D'S Shrewsbury speech (Aug 1844) I372∋ reprints D'S speeches i399A&nm&3; supports D'S independence i40i&m; warns D of'trickery' at Shrewsbury i464&m; introduces Kenealy to D 1496^ Ouseley, William Gore (later Sir William) 1289115, I5i4ni: reports displeasure in Paris at D'S standing with the King i27onn; corresponds with D on Serbia 1319111; ambassador to Argentina 1447^ Ouseley, Lady (ist Bt) (VOL in) 1157116, 1362 Ouseley, Sir Gore, ist Bt (VOL i) 384114, 1362 Ovid: D quotes his Metamorphoses iO38X&n4 Owen, Edward 1555m, I576n8 Oxford and Cambridge Review I433n2: Manners reviews Sybil in 1434^77 Oxus river 1433 Paget, Baron. See Uxbridge, Earl of Palgrave, Lady 84oR&nni&4 438

Palgrave, Sir Francis 84oR&nni&4 Palgrave, Francis Turner 84oR&n4 Palgrave, William Gifford 84oR&n4 Palladium Life Assurance Society i6o2&n2 Palmer, Charles I5i6&ni Palmerston, Viscountess (3rd Viscount) 1453^: entertains the DS 1428&D5 Palmerston, 3rd Viscount (VOL 11) 668ni4, 4i9Rnn, 84oRn8, i244ni, i428n5, i455n2, ! 475n5> ^QnS- i562ec, 1602, iGignG: Napier intends to astonish him I207&n3; crosses swords with D on consular motion I224&nn2&4&5; writes leader against D'S consular speech i225&m; Eliot and Twiss on D'S encounter with 1226, I23in6; his Afghanistan policy attacked by D I25om, I252&n6; his summary of the session (1842) i255&nm&3-6; attacks Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1289^5; Louis Philippe pleased at D'S response to I3om2; moves for papers on Serbia yig∋ defends D against Sandon's rebuke I32in2; D reports his audience with Louis Philippe to I453&ec&nn4&8; as possible leader of a compromise group (1846) i472m; and 'the mighty mystery' (possible alliance with the Protectionists in 1846) I477&nn2&3; impressed by Don Carlos 1529^; and the Sonderbund affair 1607, 1608 Papineau, Louis Joseph (VOL 11) 694111, 7^R Pardoe, Julia S. (VOL i) 325111, 38iX Paris IO35R, 1261, 1275, I288&n4, 1301, I336&n3&n5, 1450, 1452^5, i455&m, 1461: London as second-best to 1388; editions of Coningsby 1403^3; D proposes to Palmerston that he visit it I453&n8 Paris Opera I270&n6, I4o6m: the DS at masqued ball I272&n7 Paris, comte de 1265^, 1452^ Parker (at Wycombe) I578n2 Parliament 1609: pairing I2o8&m, 1209, I2i4&n5, 1218; D attends prorogation (1842) i256&m; prorogued (1843) 13'6&n4; the reporting of speeches in 1399A, 1499^, ^jia∋ prorogation extended I45onn6&8; the cost of being elected 1509; metropolitan members more important than previously 1514; dissolution (1847) lb^l' 1552> J583∋ special sessionssion, (1847) i6o2&n5, 1607^3; Manners on Whips iGig∋ registration: Liberals taking pains with (1846) I5i5&n4 Parliamentary Privilege Act ('Grenville's Act'): revisions to it (1839 and 1841) I24on3 Parnther, Robert (VOL 11) 6461122, I4o8m, i504ni Parties, political: not to be used as tools by men without imagination 1455 Partridge, William Edwards (VOL in) 830113, I576&n3^ Pasquier, Etienne Denis, baron (later due) de i26g&mi, 1270 Passport: D'S 1452 Paternoster Row 1347^5

Peel, Jonathan: entertained by the DS I358nn6&8; challenges D 1482^ Peel, Lady (and Bt) (VOL 11) 386113, 755X, I232n4, I255n4,128m2,13i4&ni3 Peel, Sir Robert, 2nd Bt (VOL i) 188113, 38iXni, 4igR, 53oR&n5, "jitft, 755X, ii26Rn6, ii56X&nm&2, i2O3n2, 1244m, i257m, I26gni5, I3i8n4, i323ni, I336n6, i35im, I399n2, i465&m, I473n2, i475nm&5, i493ni, I5i6n2, I55in3,1565^, 1573Am, 1580, i6o5&n2, i6o7ng, i6o8nn3&4, 160902, i6ign4: speech on the Sugar Duties Bill (1841) H56X&nm&2; and the resignation of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos i2O2m; pleases no party with his corn law proposal (1842) i2O4&nm-4; division on Russell's amendment to his corn-law proposal I2o6n4; Villiers's amendment to his corn-law bill i2O9n2, 1210; his sister and Bonham as spies I2i4&nn5&8; his corn-law proposal victorious over Christopher's amendment I2i7&n4, I2ig&n4; D calls on 1221; cheers but opposes D'S consular motion I224&n2; second reading of his corn-law bill I225&n4, 122604, I23i&m; his 1842 budget I229&ec&n3; alludes to consular motion in the House I230&nn2&3; and Lord Hertford's will I23on4, 12328014; and Vyvyan's opposition to him I233&n5; and D'S speech on his Income Tax Bill I24i&n2; and D'S question on recognizing the independence of Texas I247&m; and D'S question on the Maine boundary dispute 12486011, 1249; h*s crushing response to Palmerston's summary of the session (1842) i255&nm&4; is 'feeble & frigid' I275&m; and the 'velveteen Correspondence' I28i&n2; dispute with Ashburton i283ni; and D'S 1843 Shrewsbury speech 1307^; and the 1843 rePeal agitation in Ireland 1312^; and D'S speech on the Irish Arms Bill i32O&nm&2; D breaks openly with I32i&n2; sees D'S seeking of post for James as 'a bridle in his mouth' 1332™; omits to send party circular to D i337&ec&nm&3&5&6; near fall of his government on the Sugar Duties Bill 1358^, 1360™; and D'S Shrewsbury speech (Aug 1844) I37in2, 1372; and threat of war with France (1844) I373n2; cordial to D at Stowe (1845) I38g∋ has 'weak Treasury Bench' (1845) I39I∋ '••• save me, from a candid friend!' 1394^, I3g6&n2; the use of patronage to silence criticism of i3ggAn3; D does not believe he will recall parliament on the Irish famine 1447405; unable to get cabinet approval for Irish relief measures I45onn6&8; Russell resolved that Peel 'shd. no longer jockey him' I45i&n2; his resignation (Dec 1845) I45zn3> his fall 'the great object of [D'S] political career' i453&nm&2&5; 'has lost his prestige' i454&nm&5; D sees him as wanting to be 'the settler of all the great questions' I455&nn3&7; D pleased that he is to retire 145603; D sees his difficulties as insurmountable (Jan 1846) 1460403; D attacks on first

night of session (1846) 1462™; announces repeal measures i47i&nm&2; heated exchange with D over Irish Coercion Bill 148202; and D'S speech against his 1846 Corn Bill 148603; Whigs decide not to oppose his Corn Bill in the Lords I48gm; his Corn Bill the basis of D'S friendship with Ponsonby I4go&m; denounced by Melbourne I4g2ni; the fall of his ministry (1846) I4ggnm&2; and the sugar question (1846) 150002; 'has no party, & verging on 60' I5i4&nn2&5&6&i3; no man's health would allow him to be Prime Minister for more than 5 years I5i5&nn5&7, Pjig&n^&g; on the broken promise regarding the Spanish marriages i53O&nn2&3; D describes his treatment of Peel in chivalric terms I575ni; the Tamworth demonstration (1847) ^SyiH; Bentinck predicts he will not be called on i6o2nn4&5 Peelites 151405, 1586™, 1587^, 1608: 'dont in any way rally' (1846) 1515; and the 1847 election returns I5g3n3 Peels, the Lawrence (VOL HI) 79604, 1265 Pei'ki Tijaret: MA '"baptiser"' first Turkish ship built in England I2g4&n3 Pelham, Henry I5i4&n4 Pemberton Leigh, Thomas (later ist Baron Kingsdown) (VOL n) 369010, 538X, g3&X Pembroke, I2th Earl of (VOL HI) 97106, I22g, 1231, 1232, I233&n4, 1264^4, 1265 Penn, Granville i555ni Penthievre, Louis Jean de Bourbon, due de I26gn24 Perceval, Alexander 68iXm Persia 1433 Peterborough: its cathedral 'the finest in England' 150581^3 Pheby, Edward 1538&O2, 161201 Philip ii, Kiog of Spaio (VOL HI) 78605, I433&n4, I444n4 Philipps, Lady Bulkeley Philipps Graot. See Milford, Barooess Philipps, Sir Richard Bulkeley Philipps Grant. See Milford, ist Baron Phillimore, George i555ni, I559&n3 Phillipps, Lady (ist Bt) iz62&n3 Phillipps, Sir Thomas, ist Bt 125802, I26a&n3 Phillpotts, John i24om Phipps, Charles Beaumont (later Sir Charles) (VOL i) 34007,14i2ni Phocion i53on2 Picalillo I232n5 Pictorial Times, The 1445^ Pigott, George Grenville Wandesford (VOL n) 58006, 155501 'Pill, Sir Rhubarb': Peel as 120404 Pinckney, John Hearne (VOL m) 99805, !2&2&n2 Pitt, Eleanor (later Baroness Rivers) I44o&ni Pitt, Horace (later 6th Baron Rivers) 14406101 Pitt, William i32O&no4&5, rjgo&ni, I5ign8: D compared to 1323, i54im Pitt, William, the Elder. See Chatham, ist Earl of, 439

Pius ix, Pope I548&n2 Pozzo di Borgo, Count Carlo Andrea (VOL n) Plate, River (La Plata): D busied with i6ig&n6 469nil> !549&nl Flatten, John 1501™ Praed, James Backwell (VOL 11) 62502, 538X Poland: debate on Russia's violation of its Praed, Sophia (VOL HI) 1027114, i555m independence 1252^7; as a source of cheap Prescott, Thomas L. I547ni grain 1493 Press, The 1496^ Polk, James Knox (U.S. president): the Oregon Presse, La: Louis Philippe sends it to D Territory question 1450^ I28g&n3; has leader on D'S Pollington, Viscount (later 4th Earl of Mex'"interpellation"' to Peel 1321 borough) (VOL HI) 1067114, I358n8, 1390A&ec, Price, Captain 1307^ 1419111 Prime, Richard 1531112 Pollington, Viscountess (later Countess of Printers' Pension Society: D'S speech to Mexborough) i5O4ni, i6ojng i437&m Pollingtons, the i284ni, I358n6, I43ona Prior, Matthew: 'Henry and Emma' I524&n3 Pollock, Sir George laSSnn Pritchard, George I373n2 Pollock, Sir Jonathan Frederick (later ist Bt) Pritchard, James Cowles I433&nig (VOL in) 844m, 53oR, i539&nni&2, 1540 Prittie, Elizabeth 1284^ Pomare, Queen I373n2 Prittie, Francis Aldborough 1284^ Ponsard, Francois I264n6 Protectionism and the Protectionists I5o6m, Ponsonby, Viscountess (ist Viscount) i5O7&ng, I553&n2: D asks for petitions in support of 1508, I5i4&nn I464&m; D invites Herries to return to parliaPonsonby, ist Viscount I465ni, I5i5&n8, ment to support it i465&nm&2; Stuart and Lord I566&n3: is enchanted with Sidonia I347&nn2&3; Henry Bentinck elected i466&nm&2; D proposes works for a Whig-Protectionist alliance a dinner for supporters of I467&n2; D declines I475n3, I492&m; opposes Peel's Corn Bill at invitation to attend a Protectionist meeting the Lansdowne House meeting ^Sg&ni, i49o&m; at Shrewsbury i47i&m; D'S speech opposin appointed ambassador at Vienna i507&nna&9, 'the school of Manchester' 1472m; and the I5o8&n2; D cites his marriage as example to Windsor by-election (1846) I473n2; an attempt Mathew I5i4&nn to organize an alternative government (1846) Pontyfix, Joseph i544ni, 1590m i475&nm&3&5; and 'the mighty mystery' (posPoor Law 137(^3: and the W. Day case sible alliance with Palmerston in 1846) I392ec&m; the Andover Union case 1476m; and I477&nn2&3; a meeting of the leaders 1482^; '"the great Mott case"' i524nm&3; D attempt at a Whig-Protectionist alliance explains his stand on 1551; D dissociates crushed by Russell i^8g&m; the 'great game' himself from the Chartist opposition to of forming a Protectionist government 'is over I56i&m for the moment' I490&m; Melbourne and 'his Poor Law Administration Bill i55On2 immediate friends' in a prospective WhigPope, Alexander ii56Xn7, I2i3ni, 1229, I422&n2 Protectionist government i492&m; and D'S Pope, John Robinson (VOL HI) 1145112, I52in2, dispute with Sandars 1493; Protectionists I563&n2 support Liberal sugar bill (1846) i5Oon2; and 'Popkins's Plan' 1486^ the Protectionist demonstrations at Lynn and Portarlington, Countess of (3rd Earl) i6o5&n2 Waltham i5oi&nm&3, 15034116, I504&nn2&3&4&6, Portarlington, 3rd Earl of: marriage i6o5&nz i5O5&nn6&7, 1507^3; D'S parody of a ProtectionPortland, 4th Duke of (VOL 11) 41902, 4igR, ist demonstration I5ii&ec&n6; Protectionists I466n2, i507nio, 1603&n3 in Aug 1846 'have no wish ... to disturb' the Portland, 6th Duke of i6o3n2 Whigs I5i4&nn6&7; and the Protectionist demonPostal Service: 'destroys all correspondence' stration for Newdegate at Coleshill 1049X5 D prefers a courier to 'the general I5i6&ec&nm&2, i522ni; 'ultimately, there must post' 1565 be a fusion between the real Whigs and us' Poulett, Countess (4th Earl) i55om I5i9&nm&3; articles possibly by D touting Poulett, 4th Earl 1362^ Protectionists as the true Conservative party Poulett Scrope, Emma Phipps (VOL i) 242114, I530&n2; meeting at Brighton I53i&n2; and 12076011, 1209, I2ii&n4, I2i4&m, I2i5&n3, 1233 Bentinck's railway speech (1847) I533n1' see Power, Ellen I23i&n3 as gaining strength I537ni; and the Bucks Power, Marguerite (VOL in) 1197113, 1231, election 1547111; D announces he will not fight I233&n4, 1406 the repeal of the corn laws I55i&n3; D fights Powerscourt, 6th Viscount (VOL in) 756112, apathy towards 1563m; some Whig ProtectionI035R, H56X ists support D i569ni; D confirms support of Powles, John Diston (VOL i) igni, 1229, 1231: in a second election address 1583; and the D receives 'good dispatch' from I2o6&n3; D confused 1847 returns 1593^3; Bentinck disconsults 1225, 1232 gusted at the party's bigotry i6o7&nn3&8; the party's hostility to the Sonderbund i6o8nn2&4; 440

party 'cabinet' meets at Stanley's i6ii&ec∋ Bentinck's resignation as leader i6i7&nn2&4; Manners assesses the value of Bentinck and D to i6i9nni&2&4 Protestant Association lygnz Pryme, G. 1555™ Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore 1356^ Pulleine, Annie Caroline I37o&n6 Pulleine, James iyjon6 Punch I386n3, i437ni, I524n3: D asks Wright to control its malevolence I340&n3 Purvis, Thomas I3i8&n5 Puseyites 1478m Putnam, George Palmer I366&ec&ni, 14208011 Pybus, John 1358^ Pyne, William (VOL n) 414111, 995Xec, i286&nm&3,128gn2, I293n3: plays 'trick' on D 12018013; and Davis's threat to publicize D'S debts i243&m; D refuses to help him 12798011 Quance, John S. 1394™ Quarterly Review, The: on Young England I323n6; D compares Revue des Deux Mondes to 1368 Quarter Sessions 53oR8oi2, I4i8m: D attends at Aylesbury 154581^2, 15768011, 1577, 16028013 Queen's Bench, Court of: Ferrand tried for libel before 15248™ Quin, Frederick Hervey Foster (VOL n) 494116, 582X8tec, 1232 Radicals, the 4i9Rnn, go6X, I035R, I5i4n5 Radnor, ist Earl of 1379^ Radziwill, Princess William I43i&n2 Radziwill, Prince William I43in2 Railway Bill, Stamford and Spalding 15038:^1 Railway Bill, Wisbech ... Cambridge Junction 15038™ Railway Committees 1415™, 1419111: D on one 14168012, 14968™ Railway Company, Great Northern 1582^ Railway Company, Taff-Vale 16108™ Railway, Great North of England I4i6n2 Railway, Great Western 1559™ Railway, Middlesborough and Redcar I4i6n2 Railway, Midland 1496™ Railway, Shrewsbury ... and Birmingham: D on its committee I37on2 Railway, Shrewsbury and Chester I37on2 Railway, South Western and Windsor 1559™ Railway, Sunderland, Durham and Auckland I4i6na Railway, Wear Valley I4i6n2 Railways: D travels at 50 mph on a train 1220; Rothschild manages D'S shares in foreign railways 145181^3; The Times supports direct lines I452ni; D and Bentinck take a special train 1503; dearth of in Bucks 15198015; 'Special Train' 1531; and Bentinck's railway speech (1847) 15338™; impact on the value of Hughenden 1535^; and the financial crisis (1847) !593n2 Rainy, Alexander 1535^, legS&ni Ramadan I287&n2

Rambuteau, comte de I272&n4, 1454 Rambuteau, comtesse de 1272^ Ranelagh, 7th Viscount I347&n5, 1399™ Ranjit Singh I46o&n4 Ranke, Leopold von: D quotes from his History of the Popes I433&n6 Ranking, Robert 1598™ Rapallo, Ernest I3i8&n2 Rashleigh, Catherine 15508101 Rashleigh, William i55O&nni8c2 Ratisbon 1456 Real del Monte 3iiR&n5, 1381™ Red Lion, Wycombe: D'S famous speeches at 20iXec Red Lion Inn, Bradenham 4igR Reduction of the National Debt ... Office i386m Reeve, Henry 1453^, I454n5 Regent Street: being paved with wood 12618012 Registration Act (1843) I5I5n4 Repton, George William John I358nn6&8 Reschid Pasha. See Mustapha Reschid Pasha Retriever (race horse) 13078^4 'Review, High Dutch' I430&n2, 14318^2 Revue des Deux Mondes: reviews Coningsby 13688012 Revue Nouvelle 14178012 Richards, Henry (of Pyne and Richards) 995X&ec8™, 12798011, I286n3 Richelieu, Cardinal 1272^ Richmond 12298016 Richmond and Lennox, Duchess of (5th Duke) I57&n4, 15708™ Richmond and Lennox, 5th Duke of (VOL in) 74on8, i454n5, 1492™, 1505, 1510, I53on2, i534ni, I582n2: and the Protectionist demonstration at Lynn 15038014, 1504; at Waltham 15078014; predicts an autumn 1846 dissolution 1509, 1515; Protectionist meeting at Brighton 15318012; helps D in 1847 election i5598oim&3, i57o&m; D asks him to mediate between Chandos and the Duke, his father 15798™, I58o8mi Ripon Cathedral: model for Mowbray Church 14078:^4 Rivers, 3rd Baron 1440™ Robarts, Abraham George 1555™ Robarts, Curtis and Co, bankers 12618™ Robespierre, Maximilien 1362^ Rockingham, Sir Charles (pseudonym of comte de Jarnac) I26gn8 Rockingham, 2nd Marquess of i2O2&n3, ygoni Roebuck, John Arthur (VOL n) 4721111, 1524^: draws the House's attention to corrupt election practices 1240^; his Afghan motion' 12848013; his speech on Sind expected 13198™ Rolfe, John 1535^, i536ni, 1555™ Rome 1433, 1493 Rose, Francis 1576&H5 Rose, Sir George Henry 1555m: on D'S consular motion 1226&H2 Rose, Henry i52i&ni Rose, Hugh (later ist Baron Strathnairn) 1447^ 441

Rose, Margaretta I5g8&m Rose, Philip (later ist Bt) 1293113, 1452111, 1485, 1527, 1532, i58i&m, 1597, i598&nm&2, 1601, 1604, 1606, 1613: becomes D'S confidential agent i484&nni&2; suffers from a disorder similar to D'S I52i&m; D tells him of the Hughenden purchase 1544; stresses posting during election canvass I563nm&5; and D'S's involvement with Chandos's crisis i582&nna&3, 1584; D tries to benefit him in the Buckingham and Chandos collapse I585&n2; lends D £1,000 i592&m, i6o2&ec&n2, i6o3&m; D asks for a loan of £25,000 i6i2&n2; D works for his admission to the Conservative Club 1618 Rose, William (VOL n) 663111, 1484™ Rose, William Jr I52i&m Rose and Johnson i52im Rossini, Gioacchino Antonio: Otello 1422™ Rothschild, Alfred Charles de I45i&ni Rothschild, Sir Anthony de, ist Bt (VOL HI) 73onio, I264&n8,1269&ni2, 1314 Rothschild, Lady de (Anthony) (VOL HI) 911115, 1210, 1264, 1314 Rothschild, Baron Charles de 1347^ Rothschild, Baron Jacob James Meyer de I26g&ni2,1270&n6 Rothschild, Baroness de (Lionel) 1347^^3, I356n8,1358n6, I434n2, i45i&m, 1497^, i5O4nm&4, 1528 Rothschild, Baron Lionel Nathan de (VOL HI) 7301110: as Sidonia I347&n3; entertains the DS I358n6, I434&n6, 1528; D consults him on foreign railway shares I45i&nn3&4; returned for London 1586m; and the Jewish disabilities question i6o7&nn3&5; D consults him 1615 Rothschild, Baron Meyer Amschel de I4i2ni, 1576, i588m: as high sheriff of Bucks I53g&n3 Rothschild, Baron Solomon Meyer de 1275&H5, I45in4, 1452^, i454ni, i459ni, i46o&nm&2 Rothschild, Caroline, Baroness de 1451^, I452n5, i454ni, i459ni, i46o&nm&2 Rothschild, Evelina de (later Baroness de Rothschild) 1434^, I45i&ni Rothschild, Hannah (VOL HI) 73onio, I3i6&n2 Rothschild, Leonora de (later Baroness de Rothschild) I45i&ni Rothschild, Leopold de (later Baron de Rothschild): his birth I45i&ni Rothschild, Meyer Amschel 1275^ Rothschild, Nathaniel (or Nathan) Mayer de (later ist Baron Rothschild) I45i&ni, i484ni Rothschild, Nathan Meyer (VOL n) 49602, I3i6m Rothschilds, the James de I46om Rothschilds, the: respond to Tancred 1541^ Rous, Henry John I232&ni Rowcroft, Charles iO56X&ni Roxburghe, 6th Duke of i6o7&n8 Royal Academy I528n2 Royal Bucks Agricultural Association 1338^4 Royal Exchange Assurance Co: insures D'S life I293n3 Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order I3i4&mo 442

Roye 1452 Rudge, James I387&ni Ruffo, Louisa, Princess Antimo I232n6 Rumsey, H.W. i555ni Runnymede: D receives letter signed as 1226 Rupert, Prince i524ni Russell, Lord Charles James Fox (VOL HI) 1130115, 1577 Russell, Emma 1450^3 Russell, Lord John (later ist Earl Russell) (VOL i) 14114, 4i9Rnn, 1284^, I358n6,1407n7, i472ni, 1509^, I5i4n3, I53on2, i6o2n5, i6ignn4&7: his motion for fixed duty on corn i2O4&ec&n2, I2o6n4, I2o8m; his summary of 1843 session I3i8&n4; cites D'S speech on National Distress 1337&n3; his Edinburgh letter I45i&n2, 1452^; asked to form a government i453nm&2; fails to form a government (Dec 1845) I454nnl&5> I455n%> I475n5J cru potential Whig-Protectionist coalition I49om; and the sugar question i5Oon2; and the Wellington statue i5O7nn, 1579^; Peel counts on his 'sinking ... under the burthen' 1515, I5ig&n3; his Corn Bill (1847) I53m2> and thee, 1847 financial crisis 1593^, i6o8&n3; and the special session of parliament (1847) i6o2&nn4&5; and the Jewish disabilities question i6o7&n5, i6i7nn2&5 Russell, William 14506^3 Russell, Lord William 145O&H3 Russell, Lord Wriothesley 1450^ Russia, I252&n7: rumours of a Russian war 84oR&n8; and the affairs of Serbia i32inm&2; as a source of cheap grain 14936^4 Rutland, 5th Duke of 936X, i5O5&nm&4, 1506, 1510, i6ign4: his treatment of his tenants i384nm&4; and the Wellington statue i5O7&nn9&n, I5ii&n2, 1515 Ryde, Henry Thomas (VOL n) 557n8, 453R&ni2,

issme, 1559113

Sacheverell, Henry: Manners styles himself as i6ig&n7 Sainte Aulaire, comtesse de 1307^, I3i4&ni4 Sainte Aulaire, Louis Glair de Beaupoil, comte de i27o&n4, 1307^, I3i4&ni4, i377ni, 1453: hopes Gladstone may save the country 1454 Sainte Beuve, Charles Augustin I268&ni4 St Andrew's, Holborn: D'S baptism registered at i6o2&m St Cloud 1268, 1269, 1456: D describes the palace 1452; D received at 1453, I454nl, St Germans, 3rd Earl of (VOL i) 138112, i455ni: supports Talfourd's copyright bill H26R; on D'S encounter with Palmerston 1226 St James's Club i28o&m St John Chrysostom 1578m St John river 1249 St Omer 1444, I505&n2 Salazar y Castro, Don Luis de: Historia de la casa de Lara i395ni Salisbury, ist Marquess of 1265^

Salisbury, 2nd Marquess of (VOL HI) 730115, 755X, I3i4&n8,1428 Salisbury, Marchioness of (2nd Marquess) (VOL i) 192116, 755X Salisbury, 3rd Marquess of 1519^ Salza, Marchesa di. See Strachan, Lady Sandars, Joseph (d 1842) i493&nni&3 Sandars, Joseph (d 1860) i493&nm-4 Sandars, Joseph (d 1893) 1493&nnl&3 Sandhurst Military College 1403^ Sandon,.Viscount (later 2nd Earl of Harrowby) (VOL n) 572m, I337&nn5&6: rebukes D'S attack on Peel I32in2, I323n6 Saratoga 1515 Sarmatia: D uncertain on how the Jews got to I388&n5 Satirist, The i274ni, 1515^: and a Prince of Capua scandal (1840) iO35Rn2; on G.S. Ford i22oni; on Lord Hertford's death I22gn6; on Horace Pitt's marriage to Nelly Holmes I44om; on D'S attitude to Newdegate 1522™; on Bulwer's Lucretia 1528^ Saunders, Frederick 453R&nn Saunders, Simon 453R&nn Saunders, William 453R&nn Saunders and Otley 453Rnn, I528nn2&3 Savile, Philip Yorke 1414™ Savile, Lady Sarah Elizabeth. See Lindsay, Lady Sarah Elizabeth Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernest i, Duke of. See Ernest i. Scheffer, Ary 1265^ Scotland 1333 Scott, Sir Walter, ist Bt (VOL i) 26111: D'S Gallomania attributed to him I265ni7; the Waverley Ball to fund his monument I362&n5 Scrope, Emma 1215^ Scrope, William (VOL m) 8oin6, 1229, 1233, 1555*" Seaham: built by the Londonderrys I378&n3 Seaham, Viscount (later Earl Vane, later 5th Marquess of Londonderry) (VOL HI) 874111, i6o5n2 Sebastiani, Jean Andre Tiburce 1269&nio, 1270, I452&n2 Sebastiani de la Porta, comte Francois ia64&n3, ^Ggnio Sebastiani de la Porta, comtesse (Francois) I2&4&n3 Semper, Harriet (VOL in) 765115, 1207, 1209, 1211, 1236, I504n4, i578&m Senior, Robert 1325^ Senlis 1452 Sephardim: 'the Hebrews of Spain & Portugal' 1388 Serbia: Palmerston's motion for papers on delayed ^ig∋ D'S speech on i32inm&2; D reminds Peel of his speech on i337&n§ Sessons, Anne i23O&n5, I232&n5 Seville, ist Duke of 1530^ Seymour, Baron (later I2th Duke of Somerset) (VOL i) 234ni5, i42i&m

Seymour, Baroness (later Duchess of Somerset) (VOL i) 2341115, 942X, i05iR&n2, i42i&m, 1423 Seymour, Francis George Hugh (later 5th Marquess of Hertford) 1232^ Seymour, Sir George Francis I2j2&n5 Seymour, Lady (Sir George Francis) 1232^5 Shaftesbury, 6th Earl of (VOL n) 374115, 38iX, 38iXA&m Shakespeare, William 352Rn5, 538X, 95gX: Romeo and Juliet 53oR; D compared to 1323; Henry IV Part I i4O7&n2; Hamlet I55gn2; D as Hamlet in the House i6ogn2 Shaw-Lefevre, Charles (later ist Viscount Eversley) (VOL n) 672n2, i24onm&3, 1256m, I288&n3 Shelburne, Countess of (2nd Earl) i39O&ni Shelburne, Earl of (later 4th Marquess of Lansdowne) I358&n3, I43on2 Shelburne, 2nd Earl of. See Lansdowne, ist Marquess of Sheldon, Anne. See Sessons, Anne Shelley, Lady (6th Bt) i504ni Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft 1365^4 Shepherd, George (VOL n) 339115: family of 755X Shepherd, John I54o&ec&ni Sheppard, Sir Thomas Cotton, 2nd Bt i555ni Sheridan, Marcia Maria Brinsley (VOL HI) 10031115, I4o8n2, i55om Sheridan, Richard Brinsley (VOL i) 234119, I4o8m, I43on2 Shoberl, Frederic 1436^ Shoberl, William I436&n4 Shrewsbury 1304,1306, i307&n2-4, 1369: petition against D'S election at 1207^, 1209, 1215, 1217, I239&m, i24O&m; patronage requests from 12198012; prepared to return D 'free of expense' 1238; D declines invitation to agricultural meeting at I338&n2; the Shrewsbury magistrates affair i354&m; electors approve of D'S attack on Peel's government i37o&nn2-5; D'S Aug 1844 speech at 1371 &n2, i372&m, 1373; D rarely hears from 'the Boro' (1845) i4Oi&m; D receives support at (1846) i464&m, 1467, i468∋ Protectionist meeting at i47i&m; Combermere assesses D'S status at (1846) 150^15; D'S status at (1847) i537ni; D relinquishes his seat at i552&m, 1557; D thanks his former constituents for their address i574&m Shrewsbury Conservative, The: supports D 1464™ Shropshire Agricultural Protection Society i464ni, i47im Shropshire Conservative, The I37on6, I37in2, I372&m, i39gAnm&3, 140^11 Shuckburgh, Lady (8th Bt) (VOL in) iO55ni, i05iR&n2 Sidebottom, Alexander Radcliff (VOL n) 41909, 4igR Silius Italicus i475ni Simon Peter 1433

443

Sinclair, Sir George, and Bt (VOL HI) 836115, i475&nm&2&4&5, i6og&n2 Sind: Napier's victories in yiana; D expects speech from Roebuck on yig&ni Skyring, Thomas 1456™ Sleigh, B.H.A. ^m Sleigh, W.C. 1555™ Sloper, Mrs I.C. (VOL HI) 100801, i236&m Smith, Abel 1555™ Smith, Adam 139001, 160902 Smith, Catherine Amelia 1358&U4 Smith, Elder and Co rjSi&ni Smith, Elizabeth Katherine i6ign8 Smith, George Frederick iggS&ni, I325n2, i329nl. !535.153$> i549&ec&m> J543 1590, i6i2ni, 1616 Smith, Henry I362n3 Smith, Henry (of Buckingham) io83R&n3, 1563&05 Smith, John Abel (VOL i) 225117, I576&n7 Smith, L. Loraine 1555™ Smith, Robert Vernon (later ist Baron Lyveden) 1255&I12 Smith, Sydney 1358 Smithfield Cattle Show 152804 Smyth, Sir George Henry (VOL i) 307115, 38iX Smythe, George (later 7th Viscount Strangford) (VOL in) 956119, 959X, 1222,1225,1226, 1264, I34in3, i367m, 1390A, 1391, 140303, 1504m, 1515: helped by Young England (1841) H26Rnn2&4; D recognizes ability in his 'puerile' Very radical' speech 1213&n8; his enthusiasm at D'S consular speech 1224; writes to D in Paris on Young England 122901; breaks 'his chains' I252&n8; challenged by Peel to oppose him openly I32in2; similarities between D'S 'Fantasia' and his Historic Fancies i324m; his affair with Eugenie Mayer 13368015; entertained by the DS I358&nn6&8, rjgoA; and the Conservatives' split over the Sugar Duties Bill i36om; Historic Fancies published i362&nm&8; makes 'a complete failure' of his pursuit of Angela Burdett-Coutts I370&nn6&8; and the Manchester Athenaeum meeting i374&m, I375&nm&3, I378&n4; D thinks him greatly changed 1379; researches Peel's quotation of Canning for D 139602; on Young England 139901; Ledru translates his 'Armand Carrel' I4o6m; reports on Coningsby at Spa I4i9ni; his article on Lord Grey 14348017; Sarah to forward his letters to D in France 1444; D as his confessor i455&m; D as security for a loan i502ni; and parliamentary reporting I5i2ni; and the Lady Dorothy Walpole scandal 160709 Smythe, Louisa i284ni Sohrab, Mr I5i4ni Solari, Mr 127803 Somerset, Lady Fitzroy (later Baroness Raglan) (VOL n) 408116, 755X Somerset, Lord FitzRoy (later ist Baron Raglan) (VOL i) 111115, i423&m

444

Somerset, Lord Granville (VOL n) 357115, i6o7&n8 Somerset Coal Canal Lock Trust: Mrs Yate's shares in i236&m Somerville, Sir William Meredyth, 4th Bt i6o8n4 Sonderbund i6o7&n6, i6o8&nm&2 Sondes, 4th Baron (VOL in) 115704, 1504 Sorbonne I268&n7 Soulie, Melchior-Frederic (VOL in) 1006117, I264n6 South America 1514 Southampton 1225 Southend 3iiR South Sea House 138601 Spain 1252, I433&nn4&5, 1453: D'S early travels in '395 Spectator, The 538X, 1399111: reports D'S Education speech (1839) 942X&n6; comments on D'S consular motion I23i&n6; its report of D'S speech pleases Louis Philippe i3Oi&n2; on Young England 132306; and D'S rumoured exclusion from the Carlton 1360111; on Manners's Birmingham speech i375&m Speech from the Throne (1837) 675R Spencer, Anne. See Sessons, Anne Spitalfields weavers I53on2 Spode, Josiah 124103 Spooner, Richard i6o8n2 Sporting Life 144504 Springall, Thompson and Powell, solicitors I28gn2 Stafford 1214 Stafford, Augustus Stafford O'Brien I358nn6&8, i464ni, i5igng: on Beresford Hope's speech I226&n6; speaks in the 1847 financial crisis debate i6o8&n4; secedes from the Protectionists i6i7&nn3&4 Stafford Castle (jail) 14078015 Staffordshire Mercury 150105

Stamford, 6th Earl of 936Xn6 Standish, Frank Hall (VOL i) 92012, 1378m Standish, William Standish 1378m, 138002 Stanhope, Arthur Philip (later 6th Earl Stanhope) 755X05 Stanhope, Lady Hester Lucy: her Memoirs 1447&06 Stanhope, 3rd Earl 144706 Stanhope, Cou0tess (4th Earl) (VOL HI) 74809, 1270 Stanhope, 4th Earl (VOL n) 68902, 1270 Stanley, Baron (later 1410 Earl of Derby) (VOL i) 11702, 93&X, i25in2, I455n3, 146501, 1514013, 152401, 153002, 1553, 1580, i6o8&0i, 161904: D asks him for a job for James i33i&ec&0i; elevated to the upper House I39I&02; Shiclair calls oo D to ask him to head a party 147501; as head of a prospective Whig-Protectio0ist government I4g2∋ a0d the sugar question 15048013; co0sulted by Be0ti0ck I52g02; gives a Protectio0ist dinner 153102; a0d the Jewish disabilities questkm

1607115; holds meeting of Protectionist 'cabinet' i6iiec∋ Bentinck suspects him of supporting Protectionist bigotry i6i7n4 Stanley, Edward John ('Ben') (later ist Baron Eddisbury, later and Baron Stanley of Alderley) (VOL in) 1114112, i295&m, 1515 Stanley, Thomas i2Oi&n4 State Papers British & Foreign i385&m Stationers' Hall: D speaks at 1389&n2 Steele, Anne. See Sessons, Anne Stein, Baron Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum i549&m Stephen, Sir George I575&ni Stephen, Sir Leslie I575ni Stepney, Lady (VOL i) 169117, 1314, 1356^, 1358: her Heir Presumptive and LEL and Oilier 38iX&ns Sterling, Edward (VOL 11) 558118, 53oR, 538X, 84oR&na Sterling, Hester 84oR&nz Sterne, Laurence: D mentions Corporal Trim 1494-ni Stewart, Harriet I356n8, i5imi Stockdale, John Joseph IO35R Stone, William Francis Lowndes I555ni, I577&nni&2 Stopford, Sir Robert 1207^ Stout, Orlando 1555™ Stowe House io83R, rjSg&m, i59i&nm&2 Strachan, Lady (Sir Richard) 1230^, I232&nn4&5&6 Strachan, Sir Richard 1232^ Stradbroke, ist Earl of 1230^, i232ni Strangford, 6th Viscount (VOL i) 159111, 453R, 538X, 95gX, I035R, I252n8, I336n5, I37on6: the DS entertain 1202, 1203, i284ni; on 'broad red lines'1283; and Smythe's post as undersecretary for foreign affairs 1455™ Stratton (a servant?) 84oR Strawberry Hill: D visits it 'for the last time' i24i&m Stuart, Lord Dudley Coutts (VOL in) 978112, 12148012, 1224, 1284™ Stuart, John i466&ni Stuart de Rothesay, ist Baron (VOL n) 374113, I252n3 Sue, Eugene (Marie Joseph) (VOL i) 345115, I2&4&n6 Suffolk 1372 Sugar Duties Bill 13585017, i36om Sugar Duties Bill (1841) H56X&n2 Sugar question (1846) I500&n2, i5O4&n3, 150111 Sugden, Sir Edward Burtenshaw (later ist Baron St Leonards) (VOL n) 464116, 755X, I252&n4, I323&n2 Suisse, Nicholas I22gn6, I232&n3 Suleiman Pasha I494&nni&2 Sun, 7fog42X, I4o8m, ^og&ec&m: supports Young England ySo&m; reviews Sybil i4O7&n6 Sunday Dispatch, The 1589^ 'Superlative, The' i226ng

Sussex, Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of (VOL i) 1221111, io35R&n2, i3o6m Sussex Agricultural Protection Society I53in2 Sutton, John Henry Manners- i5igng Sutton, Robert i555ni Swift, Jonathan i6ig&n3 Swinburne, Algernon Charles 26oXn2 Swinburne, Sir John Edward, 6th Bt 26oX&n2 Switzerland: and the Sonderbund affair i6o7&n6, i6o8nm&2 Sykes, Sir Francis William, 3rd Bt (VOL i) 205112, 352R&n2, 44gX, 453R&n2 Sykes, Henrietta (VOL i) 267114, 44gX, 453R&n2: her second visit to Bradenham (1835) 4igR&n2 Syria: D asks for 'blue books' on 1447^5 Tacitus: quoted by Escott in the House I2i4n8 Tagore, Dwarkanauth i27onn: 'has an adoration for' D I23in3; pays MA great attention I46o&n5; his death 1505^ Tahiti 1453^ Talfourd, Thomas Noon (VOL n) 69on2, 1126R&ec Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de 1231&I11 Talmud 1433 Tandy, Charles Henry 1265^ Tankerville, Countess of (5th Earl) (VOL i) 338115, 1210, 1264^3, i284ni Tankerville, 5th Earl of (VOL n) 568115, i284ni Tankerville, The (racing trophy) 1307 Taplin's Omnibus 1385, 1443, !445n2 Tariff Reform i202ni Tasso, Torquato (VOL i) 55116, 1322 Tauchnitz, Bernhard (later Baron von Tauchnitz): publishes continental edition of Coningsby I363&ec∋ and Tancred I53gn4 Tavistock, Marchioness of. See Bedford, Duchess of (7th Duke) Tavistock, Marquess of. See Bedford, 7th Duke of Taylor, Richard I37o&n3, 1371, i574&m: sends D a boar's head 1467^1, i468&m Taylor, Richard (of Aylesbury) 1574 Taylor, Richard (of Bedfont) i574ni Taylor, William Cooke: on Alroy and Coningsby I349∋ his 3rd notice of Coningsby 1356^; with the DS celebrates Isaac's 7gth birthday I4o6n2 Taynton, Gloucestershire: and D'S qualifications as DL of Bucks I4oon2, I4i8m Tedesco, Rachel. See Lara, Rachel Tennyson, Alfred (later ist Baron Tennyson) I265n8, I447n7, i566&n2 Tennyson-D'Eyncourt, Julia Frances I265&n8 Tenth Hussars !2&4&n4 Ten Towns Messenger and Birmingham Times: ondskjhkhfdh, Young England 1323^ Texas: D asks Peel about recognition of its independence i247&ec&m Teynham, i4th Baron 4igR&n3 Thackeray, William Makepeace I22on3: and Milnes's Palm Leaves I33gn2; reviews

445

Coningsby 1345112; reviews Smythe's Historic Fancies 1362118 Tharne i577&nni&2 Thames 1510 Theatre Royal, Haymarket I263&D3 Thierry, Augustin i26g&m, I507&nn8&9 Thierry, Julie laGg&ni Thiers, Eulalie Elise iz68&n3, 1269, 1270 Thiers, Louis Adolphe (VOL 11) 548n3, I264&ni2, I265&ni7: receives D I268&nn2&3&6&7; claims to be D'S source for his speech on WebsterAshburton Treaty 1289115; introduces Faucher to D 1313™; on Peel and the Irish famine 1455 Thimbleby, J. iSoani Thomas, George Evan I2o6&ni, 1243™ Thompson, W.J., and Co i442&nm&2 Thomson, W.P. I3i5&n3 Thornton, William Thomas i48o&ni Three glorious days 1444 Times, The 453R, 53oR, i4omi, i47im, i472ni, i473nm&2, i475ni, I5om5, I5o6m, isnng: and the H.G. Ward correspondence (1833) 26oXm; D'S 1836 letter to Hume in 465X^1; cost of advertising in (1836) 538X5 advises Palmerston to oppose Russia (1838) 84oRn8; on Walsall by-election H26Rn2; comments on Tory party cohesion I2ign4; and Lord Hertford's will I220n3; gives 'good report' of D'S consular speech 1221, i224&m; on Peel's response to Palmerston's summary (1842) 1255™; D as possible Parisian correspondent for 1271^; reports D'S speech on National Distress I28im; D sends to Baudrand 1289^; reports D'S Shrewsbury speech 1307^2; leader on Ireland causes drop in funds I3i2&m; reportsts Durham by-election (1843) I3l&n5'> on Y, England I323&n6, i375&m; and Sir Francis Burdett's death 1336m; D objects to its treatment of Coningsby i345&m, i346&m; reports the 1844 Conservative party split at the Carlton I36o&m; and D'S speech at Shrewsbury (Aug 1844) 1371112; supports Young England on education 1378^; D'S letter on Young Englan i399&m; as the organ of D'S opinions 1399^; its shorthand method of reporting debates i399A&nm&3; change in its policy on reporting Young England I429ni; attacked by The Oxford and Cambridge Review 1434^; a testimonial to I452&m; Louis Philippe alarmed at its opposition to Peel's government 1452^3; with Cobden 'will alone triumph' (Dec 1845) i454&nm&5; D'S letter about Sandars i493&m; and the 1846 dispute over the 1829 reporting of Peel I499&n2; its coverage of D'S speech at Lynn I503&nn5&6, I504&n2, I505&n6; and the Protectionist demonstration at Waltham 1507^; and parliamentary reporting I5i2ni; and the Protectionist demonstration for Newdegate at Coleshill I5i6m; publishes Ferrand's libellous letters against Graham and Lewis 1524m; reviews Bulwer's Lucretia 1528^; recommends D to Bucks electors 1551^,

446

I

5^5n35 and D>s election address I554n2; D'S letter on Chartist meeting i56i&m; on D'S Newport speech 1563™; MA forwards D'S note to 1565^3; publishes returns for London (1847) 1586™; and the death of Walter I587nn2~4; and the financial collapse of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos I59i&m; on the confusion of the Protectionists (1847) I 593n3! ,on tne Irish debate (Nov 1847) i6o8n, rumours of Eglinton's bankruptcy i6nn2 Tindal, Thomas 1555™ Tita. See Falcieri, Giovanni Batti, Titchfield, Marquess of i6o3&n3 Titus, Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus I433&nn Tocqueville, Alexis de I265&nnn&i6, 1272, 1275 Tocqueville, Mary de I265&nn Tomline, George (VOL m) H58n3, 1206, I464ni, I50in5, I552ni: D dines with H56X&n3; refuses to see Wynne I222&n5; comments on D as colleague 1234; very amiable about the Shrewsbury petition 1238; defeated at Shrewsbury (1847) I586&n2 Tontines 1395 Toreno, Count of 1433&U3 Tories. See Conservatives Tower, Christopher i55inm&5, 1576^ Tower of London I262&m, 1274 Trench, Sir Frederick William (VOL HI) io86n6, I5ii&n7, I5i5&n6 Trevor, Olivia (VOL i) 11115, 853X Trivulzio, Madama Visconti, Marchesa di 1507^ Trivulzio, Marchese Geronimo 1507^ Trollope, Anthony 1504^ Trotman, Fiennes I55in5, 1555™ Triibner, Nicolas I50om Tuileries, the 1263, 1264, 1270, 1275, 1452, 1456, LjGo&ni, 1519 Turkey 84oRn8, 1433, 1453, I5I4: anc^tne affairs of Serbia i32inm&2 Turkey Mill 75sX&n8 Turner, Miss 84oR&n3 Turner, Dawson (VOL i) 4111, 84oRnm&3 Turner, George H. iGoani Turner, Mary (VOL H) 405111, 84oRnm&3 Turner, Sharon (VOL i) 33114: and D'S baptismal certificate i6o2&n2 Turville Park i342&ec Twiss, Horace (VOL n) 64gn4, 936X&n8, 1226, 1230: on D'S encounter with Palmerston 1226 Twyford 1362 Tyler, John (loth U.S. president): on the 'right of search' issue I27i&nni&2 Tyrrell, Frederick: operates on Isaac's eyes I265&nni&i2 Uhthoff, Henry 1555™ United Kingdom: and the Maine boundary dispute I249&n3 United States 1453, 153o: rumours of war with France (1835) 453R; 'American Funds ... valueless' I232&n8; and the Maine boundary dispute I249&n3; Cobden on the need for free trade between U.S. and U.K. I255&n3; the Oregon

Territory question 1450112; its government 'governs nothing' 1451 Urquhart, David i25i&m Utilitarians, the: oppose Talfourd's copyright bill H26R Utrecht, Treaty of 1320^3 Uvarov, Count Sergei Semenovich 1549™ Uxbridge 1570^3, 1571, 157260 Uxbridge, Earl of (later 2nd Marquess of Anglesey) (VOL n) 4081116, 1509^ Vancouver Island I45on2 Van Dyck, Sir Anthony I54in3 Van Ness, Cornelius 1447^ Vaux, Lord I55gn2 Venables, Mr i568&ni Venables and Fromow 1568m Venice 352R&n2 Ventura, Gen Jean Baptiste I46o&n4 Verney, Catherine 1432m Verney, Sir Harry, 2nd Bt (VOL n) 377112, i432&m, i537ni, 1555™, i575&ec&ni Versailles 1452 Versan, M de 1419™ Vestris, Lucia Elizabeth (VOL i) 228116, I265&ni4 Victoria, Queen I222n8, i36om, I450n5, 1460^, I53on3, i546m: holds a levee i234&m; prorogues parliament (1842) 1256; attempts on her life (1842) 1258™; taught singing by Lablache i263ni; birth of Princess Alice I3o6m; the DS attend her state ball I3ig&n2; her 'eccentricities ... talked of I336&n6; comments on Jarnac 1377™; visits Stowe (1845) ^Sg∋ at a review for the King and Queen of the Belgians i42i&m, i423&m; visits Louis Philippe I453nm&4; the DS attend her drawing room (March 1846) 1476m; and the Wellington monument 1507™!, 1511; and accommodation for the Royal Family I5i5&n7; presides over a military review i570&m; dissolves parliament (1847) *583&oi; pregnant (1847) i6o7&n7; on the Jewish disabilities question i6i7&n5 Victory, HMS I3i5&n3 Vienna 15078012, 1508 Vienna, Congress of 1252^, i28im, 1607, 1608 Villareal, family of: as Sephardim I388&n5 Villiers, Charles Pelham (VOL i) 146115: his corn-law repeal motion (1842) i2O9n2, I2ion2, I2i3nn7&8, I2i7n4; his amendment to Peel's corn-law proposals 121407; opposes D'S suggestions for commercial treaties I28in3; his corn-law repeal motion (1843) J282n2 Villiers, Lady Adela. See Ibbetson, Lady Adela, Vincent, Frederick (later nth Bt) (VOL in) 1088115, i535nm&2, 1536™ Viney, Sir James (VOL in) 8o6ni, i286ng Virgil I2i3n7 Voltaire: D'S wit compared to his i344ni; Candide i6ogn22 Vyse, Richard Henry Richard Howard- I55in6 Vyse, Richard William Howard- (VOL in) 108508, i555ni, I576&n8

Vyvyan, Sir Richard Rawlinson, 8th Bt (VOL in) 1176111, 1226: 'determined no more to support Peel' I2i9&n4, 1233; praises D'S consular speech 1225; whispering in D'S ear i23i&m Wainewright, Frances I528n2 Wainewright, Thomas Griffiths iFj28&n2 Wait, Emanuel I2i5&n2, 1220, 1226 Wakefield: Young England dinner at I384&n4 Wakley, Thomas (VOL n) 415021, go6X, 959X&n6, 1204^4, 1224, 1524, 1561™ Waldegrave, 7th Earl I24im Walewska, Marie, Countess I268n5 Walewski, comte Alexandre Florian Joseph Colonna 1268&O5 Wall, Charles Baring (VOL n) 51403, i358&m, I4o8m Waller, Charles I286ni2, 1288m, I28gn2, i303ni Wallis, John 755Xn3 Walpole, Baron (later 4th Earl of Orford) (VOL in) 720111, 1261, I37on6, 1503^, ^Sgm: visits Strawberry Hill with D 1241; and the Smythe scandal i6o7ng Walpole, Baroness (VOL in) 1175111, I284ni, i6o7n9 Walpole, Cecilia iGiiAni Walpole, Lady Dorothy Fanny. See Nevill, Lady Dorothy Fanny Walpole, Horace: the 1842 sale of his collection at Strawberry Hill I24im; D compares his speech to Walpole's description of one by Pitt the Elder I3g6&m Walpole, Sir Robert (1st Earl of Orford) rjgoni, 1455, ^S^11?) iSH&iH: D compares 1845 situation to third year of Walpole's administration I3gi&n4 Walsall: by-election (1841) ii26R&n2 Walsh, Lady Jane (2nd Bt) (later Baroness Ormathwaite) Q36X&o6 Walsh, Sir John Benn, 2nd Bt (later ist Baron Ormathwaite) Q36X&n6 Walter, Edward (later Sir Edward) I362&n3 Walter, Emily Frances I362&n3 Walter, Henry Fraser 1362&O3 Walter, John Jr (VOL HI) 100905, I362&n3, 1608: loses by-election at Nottingham I288n2; his change of heart on Young England 142901; returned at Nottingham (1847) I587&nn3&4 Walter, John Sr (VOL HI) 115001, i524nm&2: loses on petition at Nottingham I288n2; and the treatment of Coningsby in The Times I346&m; entertains the DS at Bearwood i362&nm&3; opposed to Young England i42gm; and D'S attempts to get him to stand for Windsor i473&nm&2; his death !587&nn2-4 Walter, Katherine I36a&o3 Walter, Mary 1362&n3 Waltham 1501 Waltham, Agricultural Society of I5ii&ec&n8 Warburton, Eliot I4i2&oi Ward, Emily Elizabeth aGoX&na

447

Ward, Henry George (VOL i) 1461115: and his 'ruined' parliamentary career a6oX&nni&2 Ward, Mrs Robert Plumer (second wife) (VOL i) 1461114, a6oX Ward, Robert Plumer (VOL i) 24111: 'ruined' 26oX Ward, Thomas isSGnia, isSgna, 1303™ Warrender, Sir George, 4th Bt (VOL i) 146118, 1555M Warwickshire 1325 Washington, Treaty of. See Webster-Ashburton Treaty Waterford, Marchioness of (3rd Marquess) 1252&I13 Waterford, 3rd Marquess of 1252^ Watkin, Absalom 1374.™ Watkin, Edward William (later ist Bt) 1326^, 1362^, i374&m, I4ii&na Weaklin, Fanny 1325^ Webster, Daniel (VOL m) 954113, i24Q&n3 Webster-Ashburton Treaty I27in2, i283ni: Palmerston attacks it I28g&n5; D reminds Peel of his speech on 13378014 Welbeck i6o7&n2 Welbeck Abbey i507&mo Wellesley, Georgiana Charlotte (later Baroness Balling and Bulwer) ia65&n3 Wellington, ist Duke of (VOL i) 122117, 755X, 936X, I265&n3, 13148^7, 1373^, i475ni: D attempts to dedicate The Revolutionary Epick to 3iiR&n6; orders 50 copies of The Crisis Examined 359X^2; 1815 letter on 'Clayton's affair' 84oR&n6; D sees his health as fully recovered ii26R&n6; his name unknown at Cassel 1447; Louis Philippe asks why he could not be leader in the Lords (1845) '455; an