American Archives: Fifth Series : Containing a Documentary History of the United States of America from the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 to the Definitive Treaty of Peace with Great Britain, September 3, 1783 [3]
Peter Force's Documentary History of the early days of the United States. The set is comprised of 6 volumes in the
255 26 100MB
English Pages 1018 Year 1853
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Cc/ll.
American CONSISTING OF
A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTICK RECORDS, STATE PAPERS, DEBATES, AND LETTERS AND OTHER NOTICES OF PUBLICK AFFAIRS, THE WHOLE FORMING
A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES; OF THE
CAUSES AND ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION;
AND OF
THE CONSTITUTION OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE UNITED
STATES,
TO
THE FINAL RATIFICATION THEREOF.
IN SIX SERIES. FOURTH
FIRST SERIES.
From
the Discovery and Settlement of the North
Colonies, to the
Revolution
in
England,
American
in 1688.
From
the King's Message, of
to Great Britain, by the Treaty at Paris, in 1763.
From
the Declaration of Independence, in 1776, to the De-
finitive
Treaty of Peace with Great Britain, in 1783.
SIXTH SERIES.
THIRD SERIES.
From
the Cession of Canada, in 1763, to the King's
to Parliament,
Message
of March 7th, 1774, on the Proceedings in
North America.
7th, 1774, to the Decla-
FIFTH SERIES.
the Revolution in England, in 1688, to the Cession of
Canada
March
ration of Independence, by the United States, in 1776.
SECOND SERIES.
From
SERIES.
From
the Treaty of Peace, in 1783, to the final ratification
of the Constitution of Government
for the
United States,
proposed by the Convention, held at Philadelphia, 1787.
BY PETER FORCE.
PREPARED AND PUBLISHED UNDER AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS.
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR
1843,
BY PETER FORCE, IN
THE CLERK'S OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
AMERICAN ARC HIVES
$
CONTAINING
A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF
THE 'UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, FROM THE
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, JULY
4, 1776,
TO THE
DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE WITH GREAT BRITAIN, SEPTEMBER
3,
1783.
BY PETER FORCE.
VOLUME
III.
PREPARED AND PUBLISHED UNDER AUTHORITY OF ACTS OF CONGRESS, PASSED ON THE SECOND DAY OF MARCH, AND ON THE THIRD DAY OF MARCH, 1843.
WASHINGTON, JANUARY,
1853.
1833,
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS,
IN
THE YEAR
1853,
BY PETER FORCE, IN
THE CLERK'S OFFICE OF THE*DISTRICT COURT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
CONTENTS OF THE THIRD VOLUME OF THE FIFTH SERIES.
1776.
SOUTH-CAROLINA ASSEMBLY.
_
1776.
Sept. 20,
Proclamation of President Rutledge, calling a meeting of the General Assembly and Legislative Council before the time to which they stand adjourned, Sept. 17, Meeting of the Assembly, List of Members 18, elected, 18, Letter from Peter Timothy, requesting leave to resign the place of Clerk of the House, to act as to continue Mr. desired 18, Timothy
Aug.
12,
-
Clerk, at least during the present session, 18,
18, 18,
18,
Mr. Timothy consents to continue as Clerk, provided it was not expected that his continuance in that office should prevent his qualifying and taking his scat as a Member, Mr. Timothy took his place as Clerk, and afterwards qualified as a Member, Admission of the present Clerk to act in that capacity, and at the same time to sit as a member, not to be drawn into precedent, Committee to inform the Governour that the
House 18, All the
is
met,
------
ferred to a
Committee, from Joseph Turpin,
18, Letter
18,
-
Commander
...
;
-
mittee, Fuller
-
19,
Thomas
19,
John Parker elected
-
-
-
-----....
tive
a
Member
-
the cellar under the
19,
-
-
Exchange, Speech and Message of the President referred to a Committee, Information that the small-pox had broke out
among
....
the drivers or passengers in referred to a
2
20,
2
20,
2
mittee,
3
3 21,
3
respecting
dent, 20, Report of Committee liam Scott, Junior,
21,
3
-----
-
-
-
-
House, Message to the President respecting the smallpox among some of the drivers or passengers on wagons from Philadelphia, Message from the President respecting the ship Prosper, and recommending the appointing of Commissioners to superintend the Naval
18
of the State,
-
-
account of the state of the Treasury, Ordinance reported for selling certain East-
21,
Report from the Commissioners appointed by an ordinance passed 9th of April, to take a state of the Treasury, and to settle the ac-
-
Navy, to
5
be sold,
late
23,
8
23,
... .
.
-
appointing Commissioners for selling certain East-India Teas, 23, Message from the President respecting building a Stockade Fort at the Cheraw Hill; re-
Ordinance
ferred to a
passed
Speaker
21
21
21 21 21
for
Commitlee,
-
-
-
procure a complete copy of the Journals of the Continental Congress, for the use of the State, 24, Report from the Committee to whom the Peti23,
20
-21
Committee to bring in a bill for appointing Navy Commissioners, Committee to report proper places and Judges of Election in the districts where there are no Churches or Church-Wardens, Committee to receive names of candidates for the command of the brigantine Comet, Additions to the Committee for revising the Militia law,
8
19
Powder Receiver, read
....
King,
7
19
20
and recommitted, 21, Commissioners of the Treasury required to receive payment of the bonds payable to the
23,
19
ship Prosper, belonging to the State,
counts of the
6
19
20
The armed
4
18
Committee appointed to examine the publick Treasury accounts, and to report an exact
21,
from December 26, 1775, to July 5, 1776, - 9-16 Letter from the Delegates of this State in the Continental Congress to the President, July 16 25th, Letter from John Hancock to the Governour of 16 South-Carolina, July 24, 17 Resolutions of Continental Congress, July 24,
17
Address of the
4
8
17
pursuant to the
4
on the Petition of Wil-
instead of Levi Durand, Letter from the Delegates of this State in the Continental Congress to the President, July 9, Sundry Resolutions of Continental Congress,
-
-
India Teas,
the small-pox,
...
-
-
to bring in a bill
21, Letter from Captain Turpin, acquainting the House with his reasons for quitting the
20, William Scott, Junior, admitted to a seat in the
House
21,
23,
20,
information
Committee
affairs
5
17
arising from such sale in the Treasury
ferred to a Committee, 21, Reply of the President to the
21,
3
17
;
whom was referred
recommending measures to prevent the infection spreading; amended and agreed to, Address in answer to the Speech of the Presi-
manner of ordering General Courts-Martial, Committee tobring in an ordinance for appointing Commissioners to sell the Tea in the cellars under the Exchange, and to lodge the
------
3
21,
Report of the Committee to
-
-
-
resolution of Congress of the 14th of March, for disarming all disaffected persons, 20, Committee to revise the present Militia law, and to bring in a bill for the better regulation of the Militia, read and re21, Petition of Edward Fenwick
some
20,
of the State on the Con-
to bring in an ordinance for making the provisions aforesaid, and for settling the
of the State,
Com-
;
in the service
Committee
money
..-..--5
wagons from Philadelphia
the
1
of the Legisla-
Council, 19, Speech of the President, 19, Message from the President enclosing Resolves of Congress, and a Letter from the Delegates of this State, relative to the East-India Tea in 19,
20,
Mem-
and Daniel Horry elected
bers of the Legislative Council, [
ments
of the
armed brigantine Comet, read and laid on the table for the perusal of the Members, Memorial of Richard Pearis, praying relief for damages sustained by means of Colonel Thomas and his party referred to a Com-
in the Resolves of the Continental Congress, of the 18th of June and 24th of July, relative to the putting certain Regi-
tinental establishment,
Committees who were appointed during
the last sitting of the General Assembly, and have not yet reported, revived, 18, Petition of William Scott, Jun., respecting his right to a seat in the Assembly; read and re-
House acquiesce
22
22
to
22
tion ofEdward Fenwick was referred, 24, Petition of William Hart for relief from injuries done to his properly by the Troops encamped
22
Haddrel's Point; referred to a Committee,
23
at
XII
CONTENTS. XI
'
I
24,
24
disarming persons noto the cause of America, disaffected toriously of the Presentments of the Grand A
'25
25,
Committee
added
state of the Treasury, to revise the
report the
John Berwick
to
;
26
Committee, some other 25, Message from the President, sending
26
discharged of the papers belonging to the late Commons House of Assembly, 25 Certificate of the election of William Henry Mr. Dray ton Dray ton in Saxe-Gotha District; not admitted to a seat, President recommending the 25, Message from shall suitable encouragement to those who themselves in the war against the distinguish
27
to report the quantity and different articles necessery to be imported from Phil-
Amendment
purchasing 30, Report from
27
28
1,
29
1,
not exceeding seven years,
1,
sum not exceeding for the poor, 1,
29 1,
29
30 2,
31
27, 27,
Committee
27,
31
2,
the inhabitants of the
The owners of any Salt-Works on the seacoast which may be damaged by the enemy, to be indemnified
2,
31
-
most equitable way of
one half of
2,
31
their loss,
John Vauchier, praying that the Purrysburg may be vested in him and his assigns for a term of years, 27, Report of Committee on offering Rewards to those who shall distinguish themselves in the
3,
27, Petition of Ferry at
...
'27,
war asjainst the Cherokees, Assent of the President to an ordinance for appointing Commissioners for selling certain Ivi-t-lndia Teas,
Ordinance
for
-
-
-
-
-
Pounds 39
.
Courts-Martial, Report from the
Committee to consider the most equitable way of distributing Salt amongst the inhabitants of the State, Committee to bring in a Bill authorizing the President to call upon the Committees throughout the State for Slaves to assist at the publick works, Message from the President, informing that Lieutenant Dogharty declines accepting the
Messenger at five hundred Pounds, Report from the Committee to whom the Memorial of Richard Pearis was referred, Committee on the new Militia law directed
41
3,
Expresses to be forthwith sent throughout the Slate, to deliver to the Church-Wardens, and other persons appointed to manage the elec-
quisition,
-
-
-
-
.
.
------
tions, printed Instructions for said elections,
34 3,
42
and
Alteration of the place for holding the next election for the District called the New-Ac-
33
40
41
3,
32
40
command of the brigantine Comet, Salary of Secretary to the Privy Council fixed at fourteen hundred Pounds, and that of
stating the pay of a Paymaster-General of the Militia,
32
39
39
-
to insert a clause ascertaining the duties
Juries for Beaufort
providing District at next November Court, passed, 27, Committee lo whom the Memorial of the Vestry of St. Philip's Parish was referred, recommend that the House lend the said Vestry a sum not exceeding fourteen thousand Pounds,
27,
fourteen thousand
-
38
Election of Commissioners to superintend and direct the Naval Affairs of the State, Ordinance presented for ascertaining the manner of issuing orders for holding General
2,
Message relative to erecting a Fort at Cheraw-Hill was referred, Commissioners appointed to purchase a cargo
among
38
the President, giving his reasons for keeping a Guard at the Cheraw-Hill, Commissioners of the Treasury to advance upon loan to the Vestry of St. Philip's Parish a
dent's
distributing Salt
38
Message from
the Presi-
-
38
-
phia,
-------
-
37
the House carry into effect the Resolutions of importing certain articles from Philadel-
for providing Juries for Beaufort District, at the next November Courts, to the Committtee for added Members Two 26, Commisbringing in a bill appointing Navy
-
37
for
-------
-
37
Committee to report the best way of procuring and keeping a Guard upon Bloody-Point, Message to the President, requesting him to
28
to whom Mr. Fen26, Report of the Committee wick's Petition had been referred, 26, Ordinance presented by the Attorney-General
to report the
36
-
-
1,
------
of Salt just arrived,
35
against him, the absent Members who reside within 30, of Charles-Town, and are able to fifty miles attend, to be sent for at their own expense, Oct. I, Committee to whom the Petition of John Vauchier was leferred recommend that the Ferry be vested in him and his assigns for a term
be quashed, to whom the Peti26, Report from the Committee tion of John Berwick was referred, that he 26, Message from the President informing had appointed a Secretary and Messengers of the Privy Council, and a Paymaster of the for their salMilitia, and requesting provision
whom
35
to the resolution of yesterday for a cargo oCSalt, the Committee to consider the
AH
28
26, Report from the Committee to
end of
of Richard Pearis, selling the property 30, Letter from George Gabriel Powell, requesting that he may be heard in his defence before resolution is taken upon the charges
tax can be legally assessed, for electing Members of 25, Writs to be issued the present General Assembly for certain Parishes and Districts, for the election of a 25, The writ issued in August Member for the Parish of St. Bartholomew on a mistake, the said having been founded writ and all the proceedings had thereon to
sioners,
35
-
adelphia, at the north 28, Erection of Salt-Works Charles-Town to be discontinued,
any
27
Cherokees, and Comman25, James Dogharty elected Captain der of the brigantine Comet, of Saint Philip's, 25, Memorial of the Vestry Charles-Town, requesting provision may be made for the subsistence of the Poor until a
aries,
35
keeping
to quantities and different articles necessary be imported from Philadelphia, 30, Message from the President transmitting papers house and seizing and relating to burning the
-
-
-
Committee
28,
Petitions relative to a Fort at the Cheraw Hill, from any further charge Mr. Farr
-
28,
-
to a
25,
Message
21)
from losses read and referred
for relief
enemy
to the President, asking his reasons a Guard at the Cheraws, -
28,
for
be
35
-
-
Pearls,
-
-
sustained from the
the houses and seizing the goods of Richard
of Magistrates, and
names of persons proper
added thereto, 25, Petition of
list
34
-
-
-
-
34
to the President, requesting him to lay before the House, papers relative to burning
the Committee on the
to
34
a
Message
28,
Jurors at a Court held at for 30th of May, read and laid on the table the perusal of the Members,
Two members
Committee on the
Board of Commisdirect the Naval and superintend
Militia,
Ninety-Six on the
24,
to the
Militia law, Bill for establishing
sioners to affairs of the State, presented, to whom was re27, Report from the Committee ferred the President's Message respecting the salaries of the Secretary and Messenger of the Privy Council and a Paymaster of the
for
copy
A
27,
21
-
not already appointed,
24, Ordinance presented
------
Four Members added
Stpt.Zl,
by Report from the Commissioners appointed the late Congress to purchase materials lor, and superintend the making of Gunpowder, to consider proper Report from the Committee to receive the and election of persons places are votes of electors, in districts where they
Heat. 24,
42
42
managing the
42
The Commissioners for the sale of Salt empowered to sell Salt to the owner of each wagon and horses that bring provisions from North-Carolina,
-
42
CONTENTS.
Xiii 1776.
Oct. 3,
3,
3,
Ordinance presented procuring Negroes
manner of be employed in the
to direct the
-----
to
publick service, Ordinance passed for ascertaining the manner of issuing Orders for holding General Courts-
A
-
Martial, Petition of
Oct. 8,
42
43
The attendance of such Members of the House as are Church- Wardens in any of the Parishes
-----
those days,
43
to the President, requesting him to give directions that the Stores upon Colonel
Message
Gadsden's Wharf be forthwith evacunted, and put into as good a condition as they were when taken possession of for the pub-
------
lick service, passed for establishing a missioners to superintend
Naval affairs of the State, Report from the Committee to consider the best way of procuring and keeping a Guard
43
upon Bloody-Point, Message to the President, requesting him to lay before the House a state of the Army now in the State, where situate, and upon what services, Committee to whom the papers respecting the
43
9,
44
44
9,
...
45
Members of the
-
-
-
45
imposed upon John and Richard Thompson, confined in Charlestown Jail, to be remitted, on the express condition that
5,
they quit the State within three months, Ordinance passed to direct the manner of procuring Negroes to be employed in the
publick service, 5,
The Report of
the
-
-
Committee
to
whom
7,
46
46
the
Memorial of Richard Pearis was referred, to by the House, Memorial from two hundred and ninety-seven inhabitants of Charles-Town, praying that one or more Watch-Companies be immerediately raised, for guarding the town ferred to a Committee, The bill establishing a proper Oath of Qualifiagreed
46
;
7,
cation to be taken by the
Members
-----
7,
8,
8,
8,
Committee
to bring in
a
bill
Assent of the President
-
to the
Ordinance
55 55
56
56
-
Howe,
Committee on the Petition of Robert Pearis
to
walk
in the
garden in the day-time -
-
9,
Report from Committee
56
-
parole, to examine the state of the Jail
and
the treatment of the prisoners of war, to consider the best
57
means of maintaining a Pilot for Beaufort, Catalogue of the Books and Papers of the House to be made during the recess, 10, Edward Allen elected Captain and Commander of the brigantine Comet, -
57
-
10,
Message
47
to the President, requesting
give orders to discontinue the building the Fort at the Cheraws, and for the discharge of the Guard now there, 10, Amendments by the Legislative Council to the bill establishing a proper Oath of Qualification to be taken by the Members of the
General Assembly, and for other purposes, 11, Opinion of the House that no inhabitant of the State ought to make any payment to any in certain subjects of Great Britain, except
named
cases,
absentees holduse every should State the in estates ing in their
48
49
that
power
forthwith to return,
-
a Pilot-Boat presented for keeping to attend the Bar and Harbour of Beaufort, after this month one for delivered 11, Salt to be date to persons applying for it, (without certificates from Committees,) upon such persons making oath of the number of families -
Black referred to a Com11, Petition of Elizabeth mittee, of the neat amount of the sales of the 11, One sixth the transport Glasgow Packet to be of cargo to the commander and men of the Repaid venge,
57
57 57
57
58
all
H, Ordinance
for,
57
59
-
Opinion of the House
57
to
10, Bill presented for the better regulation of the Militia, 10, Message to the President, requesting him to
they apply
48
him
commissionate Captain Allen as Captain of the brigantine Comet, 10, Petitions presented from John Gray, John Morgridge, and Stephen Prosser, prisoners in Charles-Town Jail, -
means 47
for
providing Juries for Beaufort District; and act for establishing a Navy Board,
55
Committee to whom was referred the Petition of Henry Drew, prisoner of war, report that his application would come more properly
9,
11,
of general am-
-
55
-
upon his Committee
47
A
nesty, 8,
46
of the
General Assembly, amended and sent to the Legislative Council, Report from the Committee to examine the Receipts of the Paymasters of the several Regiments in the service of the State, read and recommitted, Committee to report proper means of maintaining a Pilot-Boat for the Bar and Harbour of Beaufort, bill presented to empower the Court of Admiralty to have jurisdiction in all cases of capture of the vessels of the subjects of Great Britain, and for other purposes,
and distribute the Mr. John Mitchell's store, at
their custody in
9,
General Assembly, Committees also to be elected for the purposes mentioned in the eleventh article of the Continental Association, 5, The fines
David's Parish to
be employed in the publick service, Bill passed for establishing a proper Oath of Qualification to be taken by the Members of the General Assembly, and for other purposes,
and 44
of the Legislative Council to the Ordinance for ascertaining the manner of issuing Orders for holding General CourtsMartial, the time of the election of
now
St.
54
recommend that he be admitted to come down into the lower apartments of the Jail,
Amendment
At
49
55
before General 9,
their fines remitted, on the express condition that they shall quit the State in three
5,
49
December next, The Commissioners of
Petition of Elizabeth Black, widow, for aid to enable her to return to Pennsylvania, 9, Assent of the President to an Ordinance to direct the manner of procuring Negroes to
and
4,
49
53 54
Salt
9,
-
after their releasement,
....
Resolves of Congress, Return of new-elected Members of Assembly, Letter from the Commissioners of the Navy Board, informing that a Captain is wanted for the brigantine Comet, Commissioners appointed to purchase all the Salt that shall be imported to the first day of
Cheraw-Hill,
The Committee to whom was referred the Petition of John and Richard Thompson, recommend that they be released from Prison, months
shall neglect to attend to-morat ten o'clock, to be
9,
44
...
49
Message from
take into
secure part of the country is entirely useless, Bill presented establishing a proper Oath of Qualification to be taken by the Members of the General Assembly, and for other pur-
poses therein mentioned,
49
Pearis
paid immediately, the President communicating a Letter from Brigadier-General Howe, 9, Letter from General Howe, containing his sentiments respecting the situation of the country, and the measures necessary to place it in a proper state of defence, 9, Message from the President transmitting sundry
9,
9,
Stockade Fort at Cheraw-Hill were recommitted, report that a Fort in that
4,
Member who
a
building
4,
presented and referred to a Committee, Fine of twenty shillings imposed on every
43
Board of Comand direct the
4,
4,
8,
9,
Bill
4,
Henry Drew and Robert
of the
Petitions of
9,
4,
----------
-
row morning precisely
where elections are to be held on Monday and Tuesday next, to be dispensed with on 4,
-
8,
43
-
-
...
Hopson Pinckney appointed Cashier House,
John Thompson and Richard Thompson, presented and referred to a Committee,
4,
XIV
1776.
-------
59
59
59 59
59
XVI
CONTENTS. XV 1776.
one sixth of the cargo Oct. 16, Resolution for granting to the commander Packet Glasoow of the the Leand men of the Revenge, rejected by
the Memorial of divers
Oct 11, Committee to whom referred, inhabitants of Charles-Town was in recommend thut leave be given to bring a bill for establishing three Watch Compa11, Bill
"
-
nies,
16,
the ConstiFurther proceedings on amending
17,
Bill for
,
for
presented
tution,
three Watcl
establishing
Charles-Town, and general Pardon, 11 Bill presented soon as be to printed 11 All acts and ordinances the use of as may be after their passing, for both of Houses, Members the Hort are of 12 Committee on Petition of William his prayer ought to be granted, that opinion enter into a but recommend that the House that have received resolve, desiring all persons known in the like case to make them
Companies
in
within six months,
cause they were imposed,
17,
12,
*
-
-
Message
61
and 12,
for other
18,
and agreed 18,
61
61
-
Message to the Legislative Council, sending them a Petition of Richard and John Thompson, and a Report of a Committee thereon,
62
------
14,
she might have against the to Report of the Committee
14,
whom
it
was
lowance
14,
were
"*."''" Committee on
referred,
-
-
a
62
64
-
General Howe's Letter, on Resolves of the ConReport of Committee tinental Congress amended and agreed to, the President, informing that cer15, Message from
Crown
Officers are
iners of the 15, Report from 15,
to the
the
Committee
to revise the
16,
sum by
74
an Express
the year; referred to
75
-
-
18,
names of candidates command of the three Watch Comto receive the
-
-
Watch Companies reported, and affixed to the wainscot for the perusal of the Mem-
-
18,
67
76
John M'Call, Jun., John Brewton, and John Lining, elected Captains of the three
67
76
76
-
-
bers, 18,
75
75
-
Committee
67
Watch -
-
-
Companies, Report on Petition of Thomas Lamar recommending a sum to be paid him as Express Rider,
76
76
-
Barrackmaster of Charles-Town to be allowed one thousand Pounds per annum, 18, Ordinance passed for appointing Commissioners to stamp and sign one hundred and thirand ty thousand Pounds currency in Dollars, for empowering the President to borrow five hundred thousand Pounds, 18, Three hundred and fifty Pounds to be advanced to the Commissioners for the High-Roads on 18,
67
67
Charles-Town Neck,
accompanying
Gadsden with all the assistance in their power on the pulilick work he is now about, Report from the Committee to consider proper ways and means of supplying the Treasury in the recess of the House, to carry
74
75
66
68
Returns of the Continental Battalions lately in the pny and service of the State, 15. Report from the Commissioners to whom was recommitted the Report on the state of the late Treasury, and settlement with the then Treasurer and Powder Receiver, 16, Commissioners of the Navy to furnish Colonel
al-
quota while prohibited to recruit in Virginia and North-Carolina, of candidates for Captains of the three List 18,
Owners of
loss in the publick service, 15, Message from the President,
an
for
66
list
of Magistrates, Slaves to be indemnified for their
in
panies of Charles-Town, to write to the Dele18, President to be desired,, on the gates at the Continental Congress, the State's completing its of impossibility
67
-
Committee,
for the
commander and mar-
Revenge,
Companies
Petition of Quintin Pooler read and laid on 18, the table, to whom the Presi18, Report of the Committee dent's two Messages of yesterday were re-
respective
Glasgow Packet
Watch
64
restrained to their
houses, and asking how they should be disposed of, of free and general Pardon and Am15, The bill nesty rejected, 15, The expense of a way to a temporary landing water upon William Gibbes's place at low Wharf to be defrayed by the House, to 15, Message to the Legislative Council, desiring know if they have concurred in the Resolution for paying one sixth of the cargo of the
74
A
15,
tain
re-
-
for his past services as
ferred,
to the -
three
Rider, or a fixed
dent's Message of the 8th and 9th instant, and the Resolves of the Continental Con-
Seven Members added
73
Thomas Lamar, praying
18, Petition of
Report
gress,
House
two Messages of yesterday Committee,
Charles-Town,
re-
ferred to revise the Constitution, of the Committee to whom the Presi-
the
empower the Court of Admiralty 18, passed to have jurisdiction in all cases of capture of the vessels of the subjects of Great Britain, and for other purposes, the President, recommending 18, Message from for the security of the back taken be to steps settlements against Indian incursions, President to an ordinance for 18, Assent of the to attend the Bar and a Pilot-Boat keeping Harbour of Beaufort, and also an act for
62
64
State,
amended by
-
President's
establishing
Report
accounts, and to report to publick Treasury the House an exact and circumstantial account of the state of the Treasury, to report on the proper ways and 14, Committee means of supplying the Treasury in the recess of the House, Pounds granted to Elizabeth 14, Four hundred Black in full and in lieu of all claims which
The
to,
73
Bill
61
'
to the Publick Buildings 12, All necessary repairs to be forthwith made, from the Committee to examine the 14,
recommend-
ferred to a to
in
of the
purposes,
72
President,
Company raised by Lieutenant the Sixth Regiment, Richbourg be added to and the two Artillery Companies at Beaufort and George-Town to the Fourth Regiment, to revise Report of the Committee appointed
61
the Pilotage 12, Ordinance passed regulating " Harbour of Beaufort, '." establisnfor act the to 12 Assent of the President to be taken iner a proper Oath of Qualification Members of the General Assembly,
bythe
the
the Constitution, as
'IT
the State,
from
ing that a
Form
Leave given to bring in the inland navigation ing and improving
made for the men in who have been dis-
suitable provision to be the Second Regiment
60
an ordinance for open-
12
72
*
abled,
-
-
-
the Constitution or
72
-
Message from the President, recommending
Council, asking
Committee to revise of Government,
71
Watch Companies
-
Constitution, 17,
".,*"
-
-
Charles-Town passed,
in
Message from the Legislative on what the fines were which were imposed for what and John and Thompson, Richard
12
maintaining three
on amendments to the 17, Further proceedings
for a free
damages
71
gislative Council,
68
68
70
70
for arrears
due
77
77
for re-
pairing the said roads, 18, Such of the Crown Officers as choose to depart the State may be conveyed to Europe or the West-Indies at the publick expense and such as decline going to be allowed such liberty as the President and Privy Council may think not inconsistent with the safety of the State, 19, Message to the President, desiring him to give orders for repairing the Publick Buildings, 19, Message to the President, requesting him to write to the Delegates at the Continental Congress, and state to them the great difficulty in recruiting the quota of men,
77
;
77 78
78
CONTENTS.
XVII
xvm
1776.
1776.
Oct. 19,
to the President, requesting him to in may only give orders that vessels coming be obliged to call at Fort Moultrie, and going
78
out at Fort Johnson, that he will 19, Information from the President issue the necessary orders requested in the -
several Messages, 19,
tection of Counterfeiters, 19,
19,
19,
fore the Convention, 16, Declaration of
79
-
Reward of five hundred Pounds
offered for de-
79
Assent of the President to an ordinance for thousand issuing one hundred and thirty Pounds currency in Dollars, and for borrowing five hundred thousand Pounds, Report of Committee to whom the President's
79
Message of the 8th instant, with BrigadierGeneral Howe's Letter, were referred, Message to the President, sending a copy of the Report of the Committee on General Howe's Letter; desiring him to give such
16,
lin to
-----------
81
16,
81
from Jail and persons to be discharged to go off the State at the expense
19,
Farr,
Paymaster to the
82
Militia,
Pounds reimbursed to John Vinyard, advanced by him for carrying Letters to
82
17,
Camp,
17,
Committee
84
17,
-
19, thir-
firmed,
19,
Con-
proceed under the command of Colonel Srnallwood,
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
20,
85
af-
of Delegates for Prince George's County declared to be void, for the Lower District 15, Election of Delegates of Frederick declared to be void, 15, The four Independent Companies immediately to Elizabeth, and put themselves to -
89
-
89 to the East-
-
-
-
89
to receive proposals relating to the
to
examine the
90
state of the
Ac-
------
-
-
Ten Pounds advanced
-
90 90 90
91 91
-
to
James Hopkins
to
enable him to construct a machine according
friends to America required, of Elecnecessary, to be aiding the Judges
15, Election
-
counts and Proceedings of the .Commissioners of the Loan Office, President to apply to Congress for ten thousand Pounds, All questions, except the appointment of Committees, to be determined viva voce, Committee to prepare a Declaration and Charter of Rights and Form of Government, Captain Bourke's Company to be added to Colonel Richardson's Battalion, Certain Officers of the Flying-Camp to receive pay and rations from the date of their warrants,
19,
be carried on
-------
89
89
establishment of Manufactories,
17,
-
9
------
John Hindman appointed Surgeon
Committee
all
-
...
-
Robert Campbell appointed Adjutant to the Eastern-Shore Battalion of Militia for the
17,
_
-
-
ern-Shore Battalion of Militia for the Flying-
-
for Charles County 15, Election of Delegates
-
the Flying-Camp, Committee appointed to examine and adjust the several claims on the Treasury,
tunes, 17,
ty thousand Pounds, Johnson and John appoint14, Nicholas Harvvood ed Assistant Clerks, of Elections, 15, Report from the Committee
tion,
89
William Richardson elected Colonel, and William Whitely Lieutenant-Colonel, of the Battalion raised on the Eastern-Shore for
Flying-Camp, unanimously, that this Convention will maintain the freedom and independency of the United States, with their lives and for-
83
Matthew Tilghman chosen President, Gabriel Duvall, Clerk, Allen Quynn, Messenger,
if
-
seat of every Member who shall accept a commission in the Flying-Camp to be thereby
17, Resolved,
dug.
last
89
for the
-----
17,
vention, and
89
-
to
The
MARYLAND CONVENTION.
Election for Kent County the Resolves of the agreeable to
Lodwick
16,
82
1776.
15,
to
five Members, Rezin Beall elected Brigadier-General Flying-Camp, -
17,
to
88
-
-
16,
17,
as respect the Military Department, and as he shall require,
Elections appointed, 14, Committee of to draw for 14, Council of Safety empowered
88
-
Queen Anne's Coun-
89
No
82
Lamar agreed to, with the President the attend to Clerk The Journals of the House whenever the same
Robert Reynolds, Doorkeeper,
expedition to
carried in the negative, Military Officer to be appointed unless by a majority of the House consisting of forty-
16,
82
may be required, General Howe with copies 19, The Clerk to supply of such Orders and Resolutions of the House
14,
88
-
as can
89
Question
Report
14, Convention met at Annapolis, 14, List of Delegates present,
-
of Colonel Small wood, appoint Military Officers by ballot
16,
16,
Fifty-two
order of the House, of the Continental Regiments 19, Pay of Surgeons to be three Pounds currency per day, Pound currency allowed to 19, Daily pay of one the person acting as Gunner, Barrackmaster, and Storekeeper, in Fort Lyttleton, of Committee on the Petition of Thomas 19,
88
acting in conjunction with the Regular this Colony, to be subject to the
vacated,
Members by
19,
all
-
Pay and
Flying-Camp
...
88
Weltner, Major of the German Battalion, The Brigadier-General of the Flying-Camp, if
81
to examine into Report from the Committee the state of the Jail and the treatment of the Prisoners of War, Further encouragement to the late commander and mariners of the Revenge for their gallant
Thomas
88
-
entitled to
hundred Dollars advanced
command 81
behaviour in taking the brigantine Glasgow Packet, to be made for 19, Proper and adequate provision 19,
-
88
Troops of
-
-
such,
Militia for the
16, Election of Delegates for ty declared to be void, 16, Eight
permitted of the publick, to recall all the Militia desired President The 19, Commissions given by the late Governours, and grant new ones to the officers holding 19,
Such of the
the Jerseys,
to Colonel
Indians,
Flying-Camp
be equipped to march with
Williamson and the officers and men under his command, employed in the late expedition against the Cherokee
19, Certain
-
rejected,
Rations from the time they inarch, 16,
Companies,
87
-
-
before the
laid
be delivered to the Council of Safety,
16, Militia for the
;
Thanks
87
The Managers of the Gun Manufactory of Dorchester County to be indemnified for the money they have expended, The Guns taken by the Guard under Major Fol-
79
orders as shall appear most effectual for the defence of the back settlers and requesting commissions for the Captains of the Watch 19,
and
void, read 16,
-
Independence
87
Convention by the Council of Safety, Petition of sundry Freeholders of Kent County, praying that the Proceedings on the late election for the said County may be rendered
16,
-
-
-
-----
Election of Delegates for Worcester County declared to be void, 15, Rules to be observed during this session, 15, Rev. Mr. Lendrum desired to read Prayers be-
flug. 15,
Message
86 86 se
20,
to proposals communicated to the House, Committee to take into consideration sundry to the Rev. Papers and Depositions relative John Scott, Dr. John Dorsey elected Surgeon to Colonel for the FlyingEwing's Battalion of Militia Camp, Petition of sundry inhabitants of Anne Arundel
...
County to be permitted to form themselves an Independent Militia Company, read and rejected, to continue the Books of Ac21, Board appointed
91
92
------
92
counts of the expenditure, loan, or disposiall publick moneys, opened by the late Board,
92
into
tion of
87
91
....
CONTENTS. XIX 6
to inquire how far the Resolve 6th July for raising two Compuftl'
Committee
.'-21,
the
of
to Frederick,
of Germans, Riflemen and lour Companies ' has been complied with, o Board Clerk to the 21, John Muir appointed
price
22, o-j.
-
-
-
and James Harris,
on the establishmi Report of Committee
'
for Prince Return of election of Delegates of a Delegate for Caroand ( County, forge's line County, late 30 Committee on Petition of Thomas French, Sheriff, and French, preseijt George Sheriff, of Frederick County, added to the Com30. Mr. Johnson and Mr. Hooe and to mittee appointed prepare a Declaration Charter of Rights and a Form of Government, Mr. Green added to the Signers of the Bills of
30
'
93
"
93
Manufactories, rank o OuVers in the Regular service to take
93
of the Indepcndci Appointment of Officers comCompany of Regular Troops lately -
93
'
manded by Captain Re/in Belli, HarOne hundred Pounds advanced toThomas a on Stocking to him carry wood to enable " *
22
Manufactory, 23,
Comimnee
in this of Officers of the Troops raised Slate for the Continental service,
94
94
-
94
~
~
,
,
bear date respectively from the time they of men required by completed the number the Officers of the Battalions for the Flying-
Camp,
-
"
in Declaration and Charter of Rights brought and ordered to be printed for the consideration of the Members, T. B. Worthington, Charles 27, Resignation of Brice on acCarroll, Barrister, and Samuel Chase, count of having received instructions from
27,
A
27,
------
27,
2,
94
3,
95
3,
4,
election of County, praying for a new for said County, Delegates
95
Change of Officers in the Company manded by Captain Rezin Beall,
lately
4,
4,
5,
.
-
-
-
------for
95
27,
Return
95 7,
95 95
95 7,
Committee to inquire what progress has been made in the different Manufactories erected
or about to be erected in the State, on the 28, Report brought in from the Committee and Papers relative to the Rev.
Depositions Mr. Scott,
-
Committee to inquire into the condition of the Log Jail in Frederick-Town, and of the County Jail, a disaffected 28, Rev. John Scott declared to be from Somerperson, and required to remove set to Frederick County, and to give bond in the sum of a thousand Pounds not to depart
10,
10,
96
96
96
96
-
-
of Frederick County, Proposed that no person except a Delegate in Convention be qualified to serve as a Member of the General Congress; carried in the nega-
...----
Moved, and disagreed
to, that
99
99
100 100
100 101
101
102
-
103
106
106
106
-
Return of election of Delegates for Anne Arundel County, Action on a Letter and several Resolutions from the President of Congress of the 3d day -
102
Thomas Stone
be empowered fully to represent the State in Congress, for the present, Committee to report Resolutions to prevent Non-Associatorsfrom endangering the peace
of this instant, 10,
28,
the said County,
99
for the receipt
of the State,
95
del County,
98
and inspection of Tobacco at the publick Warehouses extended to the 10th day of November next, Ordinance for erecting two new Counties out
Time
tive,
7,
Proposals
Gosler for raising a Company of Riflemen, read and unanimously rejected, the inhabitants of An28, Petition presented from in their former right napolis to be reinstated of voting for Representatives for Anne Arun28,
6,
-
-
-
ing-Camp,
6,
Kent
of election of Delegates County, for Anne Arundel Coun27, Election of Delegates on the 4th of September next, ty to be held of Valentine Reintzel and Anthony
27,
98
nel Griffith's Battalion of Militia for the Fly-
95
A
ment of Manufactories,
to
Anne's County, and DeposiReport of Committee on Papers tions laid before the Convention relative to the conduct of Isaac Costin, Warrant to be issued to Abraham Boyd, of Prince George's County, for enrolling a Company of Militia, Petition against the election of Delegates for Anne Arundel County, withdrawn, recomReport of Committee on Manufactories the proposals of which on terms mending Elisha Winters for carrying on a Musket not Factory ought to be accepted; Report concurred in, Return of election of Delegates for Worcester County, A month's pay to be advanced to Captain Abraham Boyd's Company, to ColoCaptain Peter Mantz appointed Major
com-
taken relative to the late 27, Depositions to be election for Anne Arundel County, and read Remonstrance from George Davis, 27, referred to the Committee on the Establish-
Pounds
County in three distinct and separate Counties, Return of election of Delegates for Queen
Sept. 2,
95
...
fifty
rick
with good government and the publick peace and happiness, Petition from sundry free voters of Anne Arundel
98
-
31,
their constituents enjoining them, in framing to ada Government for the State, implicitly in their opinion incompatible here to
points
98
be advanced 31, to John Wells to encourage the manufacture of Linen, action commenced by Conrad Theodore The 31, Wederstrandt against Edward Meadows, Commander of the Tartar man-of-war, not to abate by the death of either party, Ordinance brought in for the division of Frede-
94
Company
"
thirty
One hundred and
T
of Delegates for the Lower 23, Return of election District of Frederick County, of the Independent Officers the of Commissions 24 of Militia for the Flying-Camp to
-
purchase thousand bushels of Salt in
;
'
~
98 to
Committee on Manufactures report against the Petition of John Wells Report not concurred in,
Dunmore, of the Court ot 23 John Hall appointed Judge of William Hay ward, Admiralty in the room -
and store 31
94
the Council of Safety, appointed by
-
The Council of Safety empowered the West-Indies,
Memorial presented from James Cunningham ashore from the relative to a Sloop drifted of Lord command the Bristish Fleet under
resigned,
31
94
ordered
'
97
Samuel Sharke, the Real and Personal Estate of Isaac Atkinson ordered to
On
Con-
on Resolutions oi 23 Committee and 17th August, gress of 26th June Boats Armed the Vessels and 23, Commanders for Convento be fitted out by the last 23
97
be taken into custody,
a,,.l
tion, to be
97
Credit, Petition of
31
of Prisoners of War,
to report
97
30,
93
-
to report a list
97
lick Jail thereof,
93
Militia Officers,
22
96
-
the Log Jail in The persons now confined in to the pubFrederick County to be removed
29
92
counts, to examine a Report of Committee appointed Archer the l.in.-ii delivered by John
21
to settle Rev. John Scott allowed a fortnight himself and family his affairs and to remove
'
-
107
107
Committees of Observation, ofCorrespondence, and for licensing suits, to continue to act with the powers heretofore vested in them until the
10,
1st day of December next, Committee report a Constitution and Form of Government,
11,
The Deputies appointed
to Congress,
108 108
and now
attending the Convention, immediately to repair to Congress, and, in conjunction with Thomas Stone, represent this State, -
109
CONTEiNTS.
XXI 1776.
Officers for a Company of the Severn Battalion, Council of Safety empowered to contract for one thousand Pikes, not less than twelve feet
Sept. 11, 11,
Appointment uf
in length, 11,
The Rev. John Scott allowed another week from
this
day
and remove
to settle his affairs '
County, Appointment of Officers of ship Defence, Council of Safety empowered to sell the schooner Resolution, No merchant vessel to sail without license from the Council of Safety or a Committee
to Frederick
12, 12,
12,
of Observation, 12,
12,
Joseph Wheland
-
to be confined in Jail until he
make restitution to John White for his Sloop which he caused to be destroyed, John Evans, John Price, and Robert Howith, to give bond with security for their good behaviour,
-
-
Certain Tobaccoes inspected by private inspec tors permitted to be taken out of the Warehouse without publick inspection, 13, Clerk to transmit to the Board of War an accurate list of all the Prisoners of War in the State, No further sum to be levied on the inhabitants 13, of Baltimore County for repaying the money appropriated by way of loan to said County 12,
13,
for clearing and opening Roads, restriction laid on the price
The
of Salt by the resolve of Convention of 6th July, and the bounty given by said resolve, taken off,
13,
-
-
.
-
from the Committee apReport brought pointed to consider of the disposition of capin
tures,
-
v
....
14, Sheriff of Talbot County to forbear to collect the Tobacco tax levied at November Court, 14,
1775, for erecting a Poor House, Report from the Committee on the condition of the Log Jail in Frederick County, -
Isaac Costin required to give bond with security for his good behaviour, 17, Mr. Ringold, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Worthington,
16,
added to the Committee to examine the Accountsand Proceedings of the Commissioners of the Loan Office, Bill of Rights and
Form of Government reported by the Committee, to be immediately printed for the consideration of the people at large, 17, Committee to consider the Resolution of Congress of the 17th of August, reported, 17, Nicholas Thomas elected a Member of the Council of Safety in the room of Thomas 17,
The
17,
Bedingfield Hands, resigned, Council of Safety to take the necessary steps to provide Paper for printing a further sum
17,
of money, Council of Safety directed to discharge Henry Green, of Captain Gunby's Company, and one Robinson, of the Flying-Camp, who are
sick at Philadelphia, Bartlett Townsend
discharged from confinement, on giving security for his appearance before the Convention when called
Oct. 3, William
on, 3,
-
command, 3,
3,
3,
-
-
Colonel Smallwood and General Beall to make Monthly Returns of the forces under their -
Resignation of Captain John Watkins, of the Third Independent Company of Regulars, Appointment of Officers of the Third Independent Company of Regulars, Militia Companies to b exercised only once a fortnight, and in Battalion not oftener than once in two months, nor seldomer than once in three
3,
4,
months, presented from Robert Cowell and Nicholas Reilly, who had been sentenced to death for felony, praying for pardon, Proposed and rejected, that the Journals to this day be immediately printed, and for the Petition
future printed weekly, 4,
The Inspector immediately
...
to take
possession of Robert Browne's Warehouse, by force if necessary,
xxiv
CONTENTS.
XXIII
were ordered
123
levies without delay, pay their publick to enter on no new business (exuntil they have cept from evident necessity) finished the consideration of the Declaration
to
Indies, to
f nnu'iition
14,
Form of Government,
of Rights and
drafts
123
-
the Bill of Rights and Form 14, For the cxpedilini; of Government, the House to sit every even-
123
eight o'clock, Office to put no 16. Commissioners of the Loan bonds in that Oltice in suit before the first because of the non-payday of January next, ment of interest thereon, and to advertise in
'
till
couragement of the present opposition, 17,
list
124
17,
124
-
-
-
125
125
-
125
-
-
and Rigging of John White's Sloop to be
17, Sails
126
restored to him, to Captain Fulford for made to be Allowance 17, the Fortifications at Annaposuperintending over and above his pay as Captain of the lis,
-
-
21,
126
128
...
them may seem proper, Companies of Artillery
128
-
The
-
129
d Petition of William Richardson referred Council of Safety, be made into the facts relative to
129
the Ferry over Patowmack River, service allowed in to make men military 26, Young their wills at sixteen years of age,
129
to the
24, Inquiry to
26, Letter from the
Kent County,
Committee of Observation
7,
No
------
room of Mr. Thomas Ringgold, deceased,
30,
-
for fixing the
gomery
twenty
-
ing of the General Assembly, set upon him by the 7, Fine of Thomas Wilson, for Anne Arundel of Observation Committee
8,
8,
162
place for
and Prison for Montbuilding a Court-House meetuntil days after the first
County, remitted, Regulations for Inlistments, to prepare Report from Committee appointed Instructions for Recruiting Sergeants, Resolution of 6th September relative to the of Tobacco to continue in force until
the
162
163 163
164
General Assembly shall provide -
130
8,
8,
8,
131 8,
8,
-
133
133
otherwise, Council of Safety to be elected, consisting of five persons on the Western and four on the -
131
Benjamin Nicholson appointed Judge of the Court of Admiralty, in the stead of John Rogers, resigned,
be taken
inspection
a part of the eight Battalions for this State, 29, Delegate to be elected for Kent County in the
29, Claim in the Constitution of Virginia injurious to the inhabitants of this State, -
162
new Counto be ties of Washington and Montgomery Counfirst held, as for separate and distinct of March next, ties, in the month poll to
161
effectual preservation ol the in December ses-
7,
Commissions authorized
plied with, 29, Warrants to issue to Recruiting Sergeants for the inlistments in the Continental service, as
more
breed of wild Deer, passed sion, 1773, repealed, The County Court for each of the
stating that nothing has ap-
for the Officers of Captain Watkin's Company of Matrosses, Committee to inthe from appointed Report 28, quire how far the Resolves of the 6th of July, for raising two Companies of Riflemen and lour Companies of Germans, have been com-
26,
line, for the
7,
for
-------
re-
Act
8,
130
161
and Tobacco 7, Directions respecting Money of ceived in virtue of an act for the division and Dorchester and Queen Anne's Counties, of Carofor erecting a new one by the name
peared against Mr. Sluby which would justify his arrest,
158
a President of Congress requested to grant pass for Mrs. Chamier to go to the American port
128
immedi
ately raised,
24,
158
of Matrosses lo be stationed at Baltimore
129 to be
154
Appointment
5,
128
23, Council of Safety empowered to discharge any individuals inlisted in the service of the Continent or of the State, on such terms as to
23, Three
147
-
Camp,
in
-
143
the officers of the Companies of to be Matrosses lately ordered to be raised, hereafter settled, the for Company of Lieutenants
127
-
Dorchester County,
140
The rank of
7
inlistments in the Marine service and to order any vessel fitted by the Convention on such cruise as they may think fit, s of for the Measures depredations suppression 23, in
135
Town,
Captain Fulford's on his procuring Artillery, to be discharged an effective man in his stead, to of encourage Safety empowered 23, Council
and outrages
135
County
5,
Hagar's Town, William Richardson, 22, Petition presented from a moiety of the articles praying to be allowed saved by him from a scuttled sloop, a private
135
Committee of the Whole, ported by the under the All civil officers now in commission to act old form of Government to continue the and be shall appointed, until others Courts to assess the County charges
The election for fixing the place for the Court House of Washington County to be held
Hugh Conn,
135
-
Constitution
as usual,
two days at Skipton, besides being held at
23,
Recruiting Sergeants,
as reported from the 31, Declaration of Rights, Committee of the Whole, the Deposition take to Jfov. 1, Committee appointed contained of John House, relating to the facts over Patowin a Letter respecting the Ferry mack River, communicated to the House on the 24th October, of Rights, as amended and agreed 3, Declaration to by the Convention, and Form of Government as re-
126
....
-
135
-
consequence of the Com31, Appointments mittee of Observation for Worcester County having declined to act, barrels of Pork and five 31, Twenty-five hundred and hundred casks of Beef to be purchased the of State, the at salted expense
126
mine the case of William Bartlet Townsend, who asks leave of absence to 19, Every Member his reasons, and they to be entered on -
Courts,
to prepare Instructions
in
4,
Artillery Company, Clarkson referred to the Coun17, Petition of Basil . cil of Safety, to hear and deterof Council empowered Safety 18,
give the Journal,
November
Committee appointed
3,
-
-
-
134
up
be William Sluby, merchant of Chestertown, to taken into custody and sent under guard to the Convention,
133
were depending in the 30. All proceedings which of St. Mary s and Courts March and August conCounties, to be revived and
for
of the Cadets -
on the Treasury instead of exporting
country produce, t relative to that part of the 30, Resolutions union of Virginia which was read yesterday,
30,
to repair to the
Camps directed to obtain a now in the Maryland Troops,
lo
Charles tinued to the next
(hut no further indulgence will be given, to draw for fifof Council Safety empowered 16, ~ ~ ~ ~ teen thousand Pounds, e of bar the at 16, Francis Sanderson reprimanded that the House, and required to give security he will not hereafter do any thing in dis-
The Commissioners appointed
and other necessanes which be imported from the Westbe paid for in paper money by
Oct. 30, Warlike stores
County recommended
Oct. V2, Inhabitants of Frederick
Eastern-Shore, Electors of the Senate to be entitled to the same itinerant charges and per diem allowance as Members of Convention, The Constitution and Form of Government to by the Delegates of Maryland in
agreed free and full Convention assembled, List of places for holding Elections and of Judges of Elections,
164
164
164
165
173
no Proposed and carried in the negative, that to sign or refused who has neglected person
the Association, (unless from religious printo any office of ciples,) shall ever be eligible or trust, profit the truth of the facts 9, Committee to inquire into set forth in the Memorial of William Stone,
174 175
CONTENTS. 1776.
Scheme for the emission of Bills of Credit, Brigadier-Generals of the State, when called into actual service, to be allowed eighty Dollars per month, 9, Action on Resolutions of Congress respecting bounty of Lands to the Soldiery, 9, Those of Captain Richard Smith's Company who will not reinlist in the Artillery service to be discharged, 9, Consideration of report on the Memorial of Captain William Stone postponed, at his request, to the meeting of the General As-
Nov.
9,
9,
....
.....
-
sembly, 10,
Appointment of Delegates
to
Congress, with
authority to concur in forming a Confederation, making alliances, carrying on the war, 10,
and concluding peace, Civil Officer or Delegate to Congress to be appointed unless there shall be a majority of
No
the
Members
present in his favour,
. . Council of Safety, 11, Committee of Observation for each County to be elected on the 25th instant, Thomas and Loan Office established, Harwood, 11,
10, Election of a
11,
Jun., appointed Commissioner, shall, after the first day of December, forge or counterfeit any of the Certificates, Bills, or Notes of the Continental Loan Office, to suffer death as a felon, without
Any one who
benefit of Clergy, from a number of inhabitants of Baltimore County, praying to be relieved from
11, Petition
exorbitant charges of Magistrates, Clerk, and Sheriff, read and referred to the meeting of the General Assembly, 11,
The
-
upon Nathan Perigo by the Com-
fine set
mittee of Baltimore County, for not enrolling in the Militia, remitted, on the ground of his
being a clergyman,
....
11, All Petitions, Reports, &c., whereon no final order shall be made, to be referred to the
.....
General Assembly, Debtors in Jail who owe upwards of two hundred Pounds, to be released upon the act of Assembly, provided application be made by the first of January, 11, Council of Safety empowered to draw for a sum not exceeding ten thousand Pounds, 11, In case the new emission should be delayed by not getting paper or otherwise, the Council of Safety empowered to borrow a further sum of twenty thousand Pounds, 11, Report from the Committee appointed to ex11,
...
11,
amine the claims upon the Treasury, The Treasurer of the Western-Shore ordered
to
-----
pay the several claims allowed in the Report of the Committee, elected a Member of the Council of Safety in the stead of Mr. Grahame, resigned, 11, The Declaration of Rights and the Constitution and Form of Government to be immediately 11,
Thomas Contee
11,
Adjourned
...
printed and distributed, to the twenty-eighth instant, unless called to meet sooner by the Council of -
Safety, 11,
Council of Safety empowered to take all necessary measures for completing the eight Battalions to be raised for the Continental ser-
.......
vice.
COUNCIL OF SAFETY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1776.
Nov.
1,
Herculas Courtney appointed Captain-Lieu-
Second Company of Artillery, and twenty-five men sent to the Salt Works on Tom's River, in New-Jersey,
tenant 2,
An
in
the
Officer
-
as a guard, 2,
4,
-
-
Committees of the several Counties to make Monthly Returns of the Prisoners of War, Application to be made to the Board of War to desire General Mercer to despatch a Guard
Works at Tom's River, made to the Board of War to up the men received and detained
to the Salt 4,
Application to be deliver
from the armed vessels of the State by the commanders of the Continental vessels Wasp
and Fly,
,
175
XXVI
XXVIII
CONTENTS. XXVII
for calling out the Miliaa 28 Measures of Congress of Philadelphia in tia approved by the people
William Scull, and MatJUS'. 14, Jacob Gerard Dyrcks,
thew Henderson, appointed Captains
in the
14
15,
16,
Mr. Biddle requested make up the Linen
to
A
skill
of
all
191 191 191
-
-
of Congress,
Committee appointed
to revise
of the Fleet of the State, 21,
Ten Pounds
paid to Jacob
and
fix
the
-
193
in order to give a
194 194 194 194
specimen 194
destroying distantobjects by fire, in which the Salt now in the pos23, Proportions session of the Council of Safety is to be immesent to the Committees of the several
-------
195 195
195
Howe's Army, the Commanding Officers of 24, Circular Letter to the several Battalions of the State, Recommendation to Committee of Congress to
of Captain Cochran's pay the accounts pany as they stand, a to prepare 25, Committee
-
-
Memorial
to the
-
Commissions
197
March
------
next,
-
-
-
.
-
and Joseph M'Clelan appointed Captains in the Ninth Regiment, 27, Committee to purchase from the Housekeepers of Philadelphia as many Blankets and Woollen Sti>ckinh troops have retreated from Crown-Point; Sir John Johnson is returned with them, Letter from General Schuyler to General Gates: In trn days shall have barracks at Saratoga for a thousand men, Letter from General Schuyler to New-York :
614
Congress to General Washington The former allowance of one dollar and one third to be given to the officers on the reinlistment of every soldier in the camp; the most effectual steps to be
members of a Precinct Commktee
Convention: Wishes
-
repair to Philadelphia, from the President of
being subject to military duty, Letter from John Thomas to New-York Convention, asking an order for the delivery of
Letter from General Schuyler to
613
9, Letter
:
-
609 611
;
most certainly disappointed in his grand plan of surrounding the Army, Letter from Robert Boyd to Matthew Cantinc Wishes to have the matter determined rela-
his tea,
hundred and fifty pounds, to Genof President Letter from the Congress eral Schuyler: The situation of the Northern
609
his services of the highest importance, the Congress wish for a continuance of his influence and abilities in behalf of his country they have, however, consented that he should
is
tive to the
all
and
the order given to Colonel Magaw to defend it to the last, Whiteof letter from a Extract Head-Quarters, 8, Plains, to a gentleman in Virginia : General Washington has acquired great honour in baffling the schemes of General Howe,
who
;
Army being at this juncture extremely critical,
Mount Washington and so
well-nigh distracted
for four
8, Letter
may judge
is
astonished to find month after month rolling away without their applying to them in form, the Secret 9, Letter from Pliarne, Penet, &Co.,to Committee, (French,) Translation of the above, to & Harrison Bibber from Van Letter Mary9, land Council of Safety: Advising of a draft
Philadelphia: gentleman Washington Account of a skirmish between Mount Wash-
as he
609
Europe have their eyes on America, and are
in
orders as to evacuating
608
9, Letter
:
-
607
four months' provisions on board, to William 8, Letter from Commodore Hopkins of a neEllery: Desiring him to take charge
gro
Letter from General Howe to General WashRequests that a servant of Major ington Stuart, taken prisoner, may be returned. Remonstrates against the delay in the exchange of prisoners, Extract of a letter from an officer at Mount to a
607
:
-
8,
without an immediate supply of two hundred thousand dollars, the indispensable recruiting of the Army for the defence of the posts during the winter will be utterly defeated, a notorious Papers found on Samuel Glover, offender, taken at Mastick, off Long-Island, Letter from Commodore Hopkins to the Marine Committee Approves the conduct of certain hands out of Captain Jones in taking
608
599
tion to preserve their neutrality, o Letter from Edward Shippen and others to Pennsylvania Council of Safety, to the Board of 8, Letter from General Stephen War: If any thing can be done on StatenIsland he will rejoice at the opportunity, Mercer to the Board of 8, Letter from General War: The motions of the enemy discover an intention of crossing over to the Jersey
I
606
the privateer Eagle, Letter from Commodore Hopkins to Captain Hinman Desires him to get the Cabot graved and fitted for sea as soon as possible, with
8,
8,
8,
605 605
:
8, Letter
side,
605
-
-
:
exchange
605
-
Cortlandt, Letter from Morgan Lewis to General Gates, Letter from Bernard Romans to General Gates : and Report on the works at Skeenesborough
8,
Congress him the pay of a Major-General command-
offered in
from Matthew Vischer to New-York Convention: Nothing from the westward but Lush, Dr. Young, peace; Messrs. Gansevoort, and himself, are appointed a Committee to the Convention, correspond with President to the General Schuyler Letter from of Congress: Has ordered such of the Militia to be dismissed as still remain to the northward and westward, Letter from Leonard Gansevoort to Pierre Van
JYov. 8, Letter
from John Dent and J. Parnham to Maryland Council ol'Safety: Recommending of a company of Hugh Gardner as Lieutenant
Letter
.> OP. 8,
vania Regiment, Letter from Governour Livingston to General Washington: Thinks it so absolutely necessary to remove the grain, &c., that he has already begun to set the example, 9, Letter from Dr. Shippen to the President of Congress: Difference of opinion between himself and Dr. Morgan, 9, Letter from General Greene to General Wash-
617 617
9,
60
;
(jQ
60
60
ington: He cannot conceive the garrison at Mount Washington to be in any great danger. The men can be brought off at any time, but the stores may not be so easily removed,
617
618
CONTENTS.
LXI 1776.
yet he thinks they can be got off in spite of if matters grow desperate. Colonel thinks it will take the enemy till DeMagaw cember before they can carry it, JVb. 9, Letter from Colonel Atlee, a prisoner at New-
Nov.
York, to General Washington, requesting him to effect an exchange between Mr. Irving and himself, Letter from Colonel Miles, prisoner at NewYork, to William Wister: Thinks an ex-
....
change might be accomplished himself and Mr. Foxcroft, -
Lee
Instructions in consequence of the command of the Army which remains, after Gen-
618
619
9, Petition of Miles Oakeley to General Washington, for remuneration for injury done to his
A
9,
A
-----
Letter from General Washington to General
before this time, return of the Division under the command of Major-General William Heath, return of the Regiment of Militia in the service of the United Colonies, commanded by
... ...
633
...
Congress: The enemy's main body was encamped yesterday between Dobbs's Ferry and
676 621
Colonel Phillips's Mills : If they attempt anything in New-Jersey we shall be able to face them, and I trust drub them, 10, Letter from Lord Stirling to General Washington: Hopes to be able to march this morn-
...
-
634
621
tion: Application for salt,
623
Briggs, apprehended for passing false money, 10, Letter from General Schuyler to General Gates, 10, List of sick officers and soldiers at Stamford,
635 635
Connecticut, recommended for discharge, from M. Lotbiniere to his son, (in
635
623
10, Letter
French,)
644 645
623
10, Translation of the foregoing, 11, Extract of a letter received in
-
-
ing, 10, Letter
honour,
-
-
:
General return of those corps of Militia which joined the Northern Army, in consequence of the defeat of the Fleet in Lake Champlain, Letter from Colonel Blanchard to Meshech Weare: Interview of the Committee with General Gates, Letter from John Bradford to General Washington, -
Ward
Letter from General
to
624
624
701
626
627
629
10, Letter
Washington
will cross to-day,
-
-
629
637
638
General Wash-
ington: Thanks him for the return of his serand for having politely promised that the contents of a letter found upon him should not transpire, 11, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress,
-----
General Orders, Head-Quarters, White-Plains, November 7 to 10, to the B. Letters from Col. 11, Henry Livingston New- York Committee of Arrangement: Recommending sundry officers for commissions, the President 11, Letter from General Schuyler to of Congress: On the 4th instant there was not the least sign of any enemy forty miles north of Crown Point: General Gates presses 11, Letter
637
:
him much
:
eral
to
Intelligence from New- York by JusMercereau, of Staten-Island, to Letter from General WashGeneral Howe 11, ington: Is perfectly satisfied from his assertion that the delay in the exchange of prisoners has not arose from any disregard to the agreement on his part, 11, Letter from Major Stewart to General Washvant,
:
from Colonel Miles, prisoner at NewYork, to General Washington Soliciting that steps may be taken to effect an exchange of himself and other persons, from General to Letter Greene General Wash10, ington: Is taking every measure in his power to oppose the enemy's landing, if they attempt crossing the river into the Jerseys, 10, Extract of a letter from Fort Lee: Part of our Army have come this side of the river; Gen-
Greene
tice
James Warren:
...
637
London from
...
troops must suffer,
11, Letter from General
ington
625
resolutions now enclosed, 10, Address of the Committee of Essex County, New-Jersey, to the inhabitants of the County: Recommend to all who live near the water or the great roads to remove their stock, grain, &c., as soon as possible,
in
colours a red field with thirteen stripes, denoting the united rebellious Colonies, 11, Letter from Marine Committee to Captain Warner: Instructions to obtain and communicate intelligence of the movements of a fleet said to be about to sail from New-York, 11, Letter from Robert Ogden to the President of Congress: Without an immediate supply of salt the
.
-------
letter received
;
624
Requests that a grievance complained of by Colonel Marshall's officers may speedily be removed, 10, Letter from Maryland Convention to the Continental Congress Have reconsidered their former resolutions for raising the quota of troops of the State, and have come to the
Extract of a
Southampton, England: Advices of American privateers on the coast of Spain their
...
....
------
ican pirates, 11,
701
Gates,
...
London from Dover, England: Prizes taken by the Amer-
623
:
Requests that Colonel Long's Regiment be ordered to march directly to Ticonderoga, General return of the forces of the United States of America serving in the Northern Department, under the command of General
634
from Robert Boyd, Jun., to Pierre Van Cortlandt Forwards Henry Vank and James
Letter from General Gates to Colonels Hide,
Letter from General Gates to Colonel Chase : HJS regiment dismissed with honour, 9, Letter from General Gates to Colonel Gansevoort Is astonished at his keeping all the batteausat the south end of the lake, and not sending forward the flour; gives him positive orders to immediately despatch every boat he has full of flour to Ticonderoga, 9, Letter from General Gates to General Ward:
9,
....
. . structions, 10, Letter from General Mifflin to the President of
9,
9,
633
633
620
from General Gates to Colonels Ashley and Bellows: Their regiments dismissed with
9,
Instructions,
632
Instructions, Letter from General Washington to Ezekiel Cheever, Commissary of Military Stores: In-
10,
9, Letter
9,
-
Lieutenant-Colonel Storrs, from Jacob Hornbeck, Chairman of Rochester Committee, to New- York Conven-
our,
9,
632
from General Washington to Joseph Trumbull, Commissary-General of Provisions:
B. Robinson, Moses Robinson, Brownson, &c. : Their regiments dismissed with hon-
i
:
630
Colonel
Instructions,
:
M illlin, Quartermaster-General
exchange of prisoners
9, Letter
9,
10,
to
Washington
10, Letter
:
9,
-
Letter from General
620
from General Washington to General Howe Grants the return of Major Stewart's servant; regrets that it has not been in his to effect the
-
10,
Henry Knox, of Artillery
9, Letter
power
Heath's Division marches to Peekskill,
devolving upon him, 10, Letter from General Washington to Governour Trumbull: Expressing his disapprobation of the vote of the Connecticut Assembly, advancing the pay of their quota of men twenty shillings per month above that allowed by
Congress,
619
...
:
eral
between
property by the American Army, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress: By every information he can obtain, General Howe still has in view an expedition to the Jerseys, and is preparing for it with the greatest industry,
from General Washington to General
10, Letter
them,
9,
LXII
1776.
for
from
Washington:
General Schuyler to If the
enemy
677
677 638 639
639
639
-
money,
638
General
are really
gone
winter quarters, we shall do the like: at farthest, to have hopes, in three weeks barracks sufficient for what troops may remain in the service, 11. Letter from General Schuyler to New- York Convention: Proposed disposition of the into
629
630
Army
;
his reasons for
keeping them
in that
641
I
CONTENTS.
Mil
177G.
1776.
Nov.
be at hand should quarter is, that they will the enemy attempt a winter expedition, .Yov. 11, Intelligence by letters from dence, of the retreat of the
New-Hampshire,
-
646
-
Marine
to the
......
can arms, from
12, Letter
Captain
Jones
to
659
Lieutenant
659
646
12,
Spooner: Appointment as commander of the prize brigantine Active, and instructions, Letter from Captain Jones to Robert Smith,
660
647
for the State of North-Carolina Addresses to him the prize brigantine Active, 12, Letter from Captain Eddy to Massachusetts
to
agent
:
Assembly: Report of his expedition
to
Cum-
648
berland County, & to Van Harrison Bibber Letter from 13, Maryland Council of Safety : Have drawn for
648
13, Letter
Creek Indians, October 21, Information of Joseph Ironmonger, upon oath, October 21 Intelligence from the
650
the better, 13, Letter from the President of
Lower Creeks,
651
four hundred dollars,
:
the South,
The Information of George Barnes and John Lambeth, upon oath, of affairs among the
...
An
------
-
only
651
651
Weare, from General Greene to the President of Congress Humanity requires that something should be done for the prisoners in New-York expects that General Howe will
652
652
;
attempt to possess himself of Mount Washington, but very much doubts whether he
652
12, Letter
Instructions, 12, Letter from the Orange
-
:
....
County Committee
N'-w-York Convention, 12, Letter from Tench Tilghman
13,
653
to
653
-
-
sie,
.
654
-
to the President
662 662 662 663
of
the New-York Convention, Proceedings of a Council of War held at Peekskill, to consider the nature and situation of
Orders of General Heath to Colonel Huntington, 13, Letter from General Schuyler to Robert H. Harrison Has sent ten or eleven batteaus to Fishkills, to be forwarded to the Army six more of a larger size go to-morrow. Yesterday he despatched Colonel Lewis to Lake George to bring fifty from thence and he leaves at four to-morrow morning himself to
663
663 664
;
go and expedite them,
-
-
656
from General Schuyler to General Gates Every engine should be set at work to engage an army: The money is daily expected, and will be sent down as soon as it arrives, 13, Letter from Isaac Paris to New- York Conven-
657
13,
13, Letter
656
658
665
:
-
tion,
-
-
Proceedings of Connecticut Council of Safety, 13, Notification for meeting of the General Assembly of Connecticut, 13 Letter from Governour Trumbull to General
Washington
:
Owing
to the
approaching
665
665 665 666
dis-
solution of the
Army, and the necessity of method being taken to sup-
658
every possible
658
of the Assembly, 13, Letter from Thomas
ply the deficiencies, he has called a
from
of his adventure as he shall think proper,
661
;
Commodore Hopkins to Captain Whipple: To allow Captain Bowden so much
12, Letter
660
:
General Schuyler's orders to Colonel Derous-
Hugh Hughes
13,
Robert R. Liv-
-
712
661
-
the grounds and different posts in the Highlands, and a proper disposition of the troops to each of them,
to
ingston, 12, Letter from General Schuyler to General Gates: From accounts just received from Tryon County, an attack is probable from that quar-
-
for salt,
Address of the Grand Jury of Burlington County, to Samuel Tucker, one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of New-Jersey, 13, Answer of Judge Tucker to the Address of the Grand Jury of Burlington County, 13, Letter from Richard Dallam to Richard Peters, 13, Return of the forces encamped on the Jersey shore, commanded by Major-General Greene,
:
Heath
ter,
has not closed in with either of the propositions made by Maryland, nor receded entirely from their own resolution. But if they have escaped, they embarrass us, 13, Letter from Benjamin Rumsey to Maryland Council of Safety, 13, Petition of Thomas Lowry and Carpenter Wharton to the Continental Congress, for an order on the Pennsylvania Council of Safety
13, Letter from
:
Requests him to give orders for the Rhode-Island inli&tments to begin immediately. Hopes the trial of Major Austin for burning the houses will not be forgot, 12, Letter from General Washington to General
-
13,
:
------
-
Massachusetts,
712
Benjamin Rumsey to Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer: Congress have got rid of the difficulty with respect to the land, and
12, Letter
succeed, from General Lee to General Washington Intelligence by express of the motions of the enemy; the scouts do not venture far enough; has formed a plan for breaking in upon Rogers's party. Has ordered a new Court-Martial on Major Austin, 12, Letter from Colonel Haslet to General Rodney : Skirmish on Chatterton's Hill, 12, General Court Martial held by order of MajorGeneralLee: Trial of Major Austin, charged with wanton, cruel, barbarous treatment of helpless women and children, not only unworthy the character of an officer, but of a human creature: Sentenced to be discharged from the service, 12, Letter from General Washington to General
-
-
Committee from
13, Letter from
673
Lee
during the war, to receive
inlist
land, List of Field Officers by the
Troops, to Congress, 12, Petition of James McConnaughty for an order to obtain his servant, now a prisoner of war in the Barracks at Lancaster, 12, Letter from Colonel Thornton to Meshech
will
who
one hundred acres of
-
673
-
Congress to the Commissioners from Massachusetts: Those
:
-
660
-
to the
Congress
13, Letter from the President of
Letter from the President of Congress to Governour Henry Requesting him to give all the assistance in his power to expedite the
-
660
-
Maryland Commissioners,
chartered and loaded sailing of the Aurora, in Virginia by the Secret Committee, Govto of the President from Letter Congress 12, ernour Livingston : Requesting that measures may be taken to suppress the dangerous intercourse between the enemy in New-York and Staten-Island and the internal enemies of America in different parts of New-Jersey, 12, Resolutions of Congress respecting Maryland
626
from Thomas Smyth to Maryland Council of Safety: The sooner they send the salt for curing the one hundred barrels of beef
:
12,
659
-
Jones
:
642 643
Committee Captain Abbot, from the to repair to appointed by New-Hampshire Ticonderoga, the house of 12, Letter from M. F. Grand, (of Monneca, Fizeau & Co.,) Amsterdam, to the Committee of Secret Correspondence, Walker: 12, Letter from Willie Jones to Colonel relative Sending papers from Mr. Galphin, to Indian affairs, Letter from George Galphin to Willie Jones, October 26 Respecting Indian affairs in
12,
-
Committee This morning he took the ship Mellish, with a cargo consisting entirely of clothing. This prize is, he believes, the most valuable that hath been taken by the Ameri-
641
Lotbiniere to Dr. Franklin,
talions raised in
:
hogsheads of rum,
(French,) . Translation of the above, BatSecond and of the First Officers List of 11,
Orders
Bradford
12, Letter from Captain J. P.
-
-
M.
from
Commodore Hopkins to John To deliver to Captain Plant two
12, Letter from
641
Mount Indepenenemy into Can-
-
ada, 11, Letter
11,
LXIV
Trumbull
658
visit his
:
-
meeting -
-
666
Swords to* Governour
Application for permission to
family,
-
-
-
667
_
CONTENTS.
LXV 1776.
Nov.
Commodore Hopkins To get the Cabot fitted
13, Letter from
Hinman as soon
to
Nov.
Captain
for sailing as possible, with provisions for three :
-
-
or four months,-
from Commodore Hopkins to John Bradford: Desiring him to assist in fitting the Cabot with all the expedition possible, 13, Letter from the Committee of Mendon to Sim-
eon
...
D wight,
-
-
of the Committee of Safety for the County of Cumberland to the General Court of Massachusetts, for immediate help of a regiment of men, Extract of a letter from an officer on board the
14,
667
-
667
as possible, 14, Letter from Colonel
737
14,
A
14,
A
14,
at Fort Montgomery, Memorial of Ebenezer Hazard
626
668
14, Letter
...
powder, 14,
... -
-
....
668
...
measures
and defence,
668
669
669
....
parts of companies, with the utmost expedition, to Philadelphia, 14, Letter
remuneration, 14, Letter from General Heath to General George Clinton: Recommends Brigade-Major Paw-
681
commission in the new army, 682 from General George Clinton to William Duer, 683 14, Return of Regiment of Foot, in service of United States of America, under command of Colonel Graham, 683 14, Letter from Jacob Garrigue to Col. Brasher, 683 14, Letter from Jonathan Trumbull, Jun., DeputyPaymaster-General, to the President of Con683 gress, asking an instruction, 14, Letter from Brigadier Palmer toJohnAvery: Declines being a member of the Massachusetts Board of War, 684 14, Intelligence at Boston, 685 Soldier to the Independent Sons of Amer14,
....
670
-.-.--
....
considerably, Letters from General
670
671
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
-
...
686
New-York
687
to
his
738 687
governs with absolute sway; the
will
Lord Howe, are rather
to
powers given
be attributed to the
672
to
Deane
The temper of 672 15,
art
....
to C.
times
the
is
F. Dumas: in favour of
America, and it is now as fresh and striking an object to Europe as when first discovered and called the New World, Letter from General Lewis to Benjamin Harri-
........
lowed forage, Battal15, List of Field Officers to the six ions to be raised in Virginia, on the Conti-
694
nental establishment, 15, Letter from Maryland Council of Safety to the Board of War: Upon the strictest inquiry cannot find that any Indians of the Six Na-
694
-
New
...
tions are detained in
673
theif inclinations,
Maryland contrary
-
to
-
695
Dorchester County (Maryland) Committee to the Council of Safety: Have examined several evidences concerncoming certain depredations and outrages mitted by Captain Richard Andrew, of Car-
15, Letter from
the
15,
......
695
...
696
and a number of people whom he headed, Letter from James Murray to Maryland Counoline County,
cil of Safety, to the the MaryGeneral from Letter Hooper 15, land Council of Safety the President of Congress to the from Letter 15, Southern States: It appears by information
674
693
694
-
674
692
W.
son, Letter from General Lewis to the Board of War: List of Officers who ought to be al-
15,
672
to
of Government than
any pacilick intention,
Letter from Silas
697
from General Greene, that Lord Dunmore
in their divisions, as the enemy may attempt redeem their prisoners by men who were
never in the service,
685 686
:
Washington to General Lee and General Heath: Requesting exact returns of the killed, prisoners and missing,
to
disposition of the
Captain Hacker, of the condition of the sloop Providence, 15, Observations on the contest with America, by "A By-Stander," London, 15, Letter from Arthur Lee to C. W. F. Dumas The King is decided in prosecuting the American war; he alone is Minister, and
14,
-
.......
shire for the
14, Representation
regular troops (who are already engaged during the war) should now be inlisted for three years,
.
Tories,
ryland Convention; New difficulties arise among others a grand one: whether our
Orders of General DeLancey, dated at HeadQuarters, Oyster Bay, Long-Island, 14, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress: The movements and designs of the enemy are not yet understood; it seems to be generally believed that the investing of Fort Washington is one object they have in view. Begs leave not only to suggest, but to urge the necessity of increasing the field artillery of the Army very
... ...
from Colonel Hurd to Meshech Weare, 14, Power of Attorney from State of New-Hampshire to Michael Hodge, 14, Order of Committee of Safety of New-Hamp-
:
order Captain Strahbogh and his company of artillery, sent to Fort Montgomery by request of Congress, to return immediately, from Letter Council of to 14, Pennsylvania Safety Lancaster Committee: Enclosing letters for the Colonels of the several battalions, informing that the enemy have sailed for Philadelphia, and urging the immediate march of the Militia to that city, 14, Letter from Maryland Commissioners to Ma-
......
ica,
14, Letter
Instructions for a voyage in the Georgia Packet, from Philadelphia to Savannah and back, 14, Letter from he Council of Safety of Pennsylvania to the Board of War: Request them to
for his services as
14, Letter
Wereat: Appointment and instructions as
Buck
679
for
...... ......
A
from the Marine Committee to John
Continental agent in the State of Georgia, from Marine Committee to Lieutenant
679
679
670
14, Letter from the Board of War to the Associators of Pennsylvania: Urging them to put themselves in array, and march by companies
and
Congress
678
Postmaster, 14, Letter from Ebenezer Hazard to Rev. John Witherspoon: Begs his influence in support of an application to for increased
ling for a
for its preservation .
....
14, Letter
:
assist in taking
garrison at the Forts Montgomery and Constitution, return of the Artillery Stores and Ordnance to
678
General
...
in
gfiS
Congress
668
Letter from the President of Congress to Maryland Convention: Enclosing a letter from Mr. Searle giving intelligence of the sailing of a fleet from New-York : The uncertain destination of the fleet makes it absolutely
necessary that every preparation should be made against an attack, 14, Letter from the President of Congress to General Washington: Intelligence of the sailing of a fleet from New-York, 14, Letter from the President of Congress to the Assemblies of the Southern States: Intelligence of the sailing of a fleet from New- York, 14, Letter from the Board of War to General Washington Request that General Mittlin be immediately ordered to Philadelphia, to
to
.
men
return of the
an increased allowance
Alfred, off the coast of Cape Breton: Capture of the brigantine Active and clothing ship Mellish, from Jesse Hollingsworth to Maryland Council of Safety, 14, Letter from Hugh Lyon to Maryland Council of Safety, 14, Letter from Isaac Van Bibber to Maryland Council of Safety: Arrival of a quantity of
Huntington
-
Heath,
13, Petition
13,
.... ....
Return of detachments and out-guards furnished from Fort Lee, Letter from General Nixon to General Heath: Desires that the arrangement for the Massachusetts officers may be completed as soon
14,
13, Letter
14,
LXVI
1776.
is
to take the
E
------
command
the southward,
678
of a fleet bound for
697
Nov.
from the President of Congress to the Eastern States: Congress have disapproved of increasing the bounty in any one State, on the reinliritment of the troops, as having of a inanilot tendency to lay the foundation
JVcw. 16, Letter from General Stephen to the President of Congress By several different channels is
15, Letter
-
15,
discontent in the Army, Letter from the Board of War to the Lancaster Committee: Many of the British prisoners are not only extremely insolent, hut are of a very dangerous tenguilty of practices be strictly inquired must matter the dency;
and any confined who
into,
15,
parole, Petition of
violate
-
Joseph Cowperthwaite
to the
:
informed that the
697
vi^afjj gress,
ton,
the flag that
was going
698
698 698
698
699
-
may exchange them,
-
-
from General Greene to General Wash15, Letter Colonel Magaw to deington Has directed fend Fort Washington until further orders,
699
699
699
A
put to the sword, to Lieutenant Bar15, Instructions of Lord Howe ker, to repair to New-London to negotiate an exchange of prisoners with Governour
700
-
846
Trumbull,
defend the post to the very
last
--------
15,
Recommendation of Lieutenant David Doty, Letter from New- York Convention to Colonel
15,
Derousie, Letter from
15,
15, 15,
-
-
John Trumbull, Deputy AdjutantGeneral, to the Board of War,
Connecticut Council of Safety, Certificate given to Captain A.
...
Fonda,
Philip Brown as of the prize ship Mellish. 15, Appointment of Joseph Allen as of the prize snow Kitty,
15,
15,
16,
Appointment of
-
700
703 703 703 705
commander -
738
commanderr -
739
798
-
1068
Letter from the President of Congress to General Washington: Requests him to negotiate an exchange of the Hessian prisoners as soon as possible they have been treated in such :
16,
-
711
Constitution, from Letter Hughes, Assistant QuarterHugh 16, master-General, to General Wooster, Chairman of 16, Letter from Timothy Danielson, the Committee from Massachusetts to repair to the Army at or near New-York, to Tristram Dalton, from Letter John McDonald, Miner, to 16, tee of New- York Convention, Casualties in the Army
manner
that
apprehended their going back among their countrymen will be attended with some good consequences, Extract of a letter from William Whipple to John Langdon The encouragement now given to officers and men in the Navy, are as it
711
711
-
Commit714
and men killed, taken prisonmissing from the Seventeenth Regiment, in the action on Long-Island, 27th August, 1776, List of men taken at Montressor's Island, 23d
715
-
717
dolphus Ritzema, Return of the killed, missing, &c., in the Thirteenth Regiment, commanded by J. Read, Esquire, Return of ihe missing in Colonel Silliman's Regiment, in the retreat from New- York on the 15th of September, 1776, Return of the missing and killed in Colonel Silliman's Regiment, in the action below White-Plains, October 28th, 1776, Return of the men killed, missing, and taken
717
September, 1776, Return of the killed, taken prisoners, and missing of the Third Regiment of NewYork forces, commanded by Colonel Ru-
New- York prisoners, belonging to the First -
Holden Parsons's Brigade,
717
717
717 .
-
-
719
-
-
719
Return of the officers and privates killed, missing, and taken, in the Fourteenth Regiment, commanded by Jonathan Glov-
Esquire,
-
719
taken prisoners, and missing, in the Brigade of Foot, in the service of the United States of America,
Return of the
killed,
commanded by
Brigadier-General Nixon, dated November 18lh, Return of both officers and privates killed, taken, and missing, of General George Clinton's Brigade, dated Peekskill, 17th
721
November, 1776, Return of the killed, wounded, prisoners, and missing, in the Brigade commanded by Gurdon Saltonstall, Esquire, Brigadier-
721
General, dated November 19th, of and killed prisoners persons catalogue and missing belonging to General Scott's Brigade, November 17th, 1776, Return of the officers and privale men killed,
721
A
coming to implore the King's mercy, Court-Martial for the trial of Captain Fauntle-
a
709
er,
700 703
General Philips's order relative to flags of truce: Does not permit flags of truce, or any communication with the American Rebels, unless
roy, 16,
706
700
15, General Court-Martial held near Peekskill: Lieutenant Benjamin Adams tried on a charge of desertion, and acquitted, to McKesHazard John Ebenezer from Letter 15,
son,
-
under the 16, Return of the Continental troops command of General Lee, at Fort ordnance and stores of Return 16, Artillery
Regiment, Return of both officers and privates killed, taken, and missing, in General Samuel
extrem-
ity,
to General
Washington
-
the Adjutant15, Letter from Colonel Magaw to General of the British Army: Is determined to
706
-
-
Letter from General
-
Letter from Colonel Magaw to General Greene : truce came out just now from flag of would King's Bridge; the Adjutant-General for an alternative behours two hardly give tween surrendering at discretion, or every -
706
ers, or
:
man being
from
List of officers
in
with the ladies to New-York, to the Board from General Letter Washington 15, of War: Wishes to have all the British prisoners collected and sent to him as soon as the Hessian prisoners, that he possible, with
sailed
Lee,
15,
of War: Stopped
16,
16,
f
Letter from Council of Safety of Pennsylvania to the Board of War, of the Committee 15, Notification to the Members of Philadelphia County, to meet to receive the salt allotted for said County, to Lancaster ComJamison from John Letter 15, to the mittee, for the quota of salt coming township of Mountjoy, Letter from General Washington to the Board
which
dent of Congress: Loss of Fort Washing-
Con-
fleet
consists of transports discharged or sent to Ireland for provisions, the Presito Letter from General Washington
New- York
their
15,
15,
LXVIll
CONTENTS.
LXVII
is
705
:
great as they can possibly expect, Pennsylvania Council of Safety to
705
Lancaster Committee, 16, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the commanding officers of the Militia in Lancaster Counly: Every reason to apprehend an attack on Philadelphia from the fleet which sailed from New-York, is removed, -
705
16, Letter from
taken, and missing, in the Brigade commanded by Colonel Sargent, since January 1, 1776, Return of the late Colonel Selden's Regi-
ment, now commanded by Colonel Lattimore, November 17, 1776, Return of the killed, taken, and missing, of General Fellows's Brigade, from the time of their entering service to the 23d of November, A. D. 1776, Return of the killed and wounded in General
....
723
723
725
Wadsworih's Brigade, in the skirmish on the 28th of October last, Return of the killed and missing of the Nine-
725
teenth Regiment, dated Camp atPhillips's Manor, November 23d, 1776, Return of officers and soldiers killed, taken
725
prisoners,
706
723
and
missing, in
the
Twenty-
Third Regiment, November 18th, 1776,
-
725
CONTENTS.
LXIX 1776.
Xao.
Return of the ing, in the
killed,
the Third Regiment,
onel
Nov.
taken prisoners, or miss-
commanded
by Col-
Losses sustained
.
their
-
.....
7-27
Return of the killed, missing, and taken prisoners, of General McDougall's Brigade, on -
the 28th,
Return of the
-
killed,
-
-
-
727
taken prisoners, and
....
missing, in the Twenty-Sixth Regiment, dated November 20th, Return of those killed, missing, or taken, in the late Colonel Gay's Regiment, since they joined the Continental Army at NewYork on the 7th of July last, specifying their names and the office they sustained,
dated November 17th,
-
-
727
-
chester County,
Return of
killed
-
-
and missing
-
in
began near Mount Washington, and wounded
List of the officers killed
16,
16, 16,
-
Rhode-Island privateer,
727
727
729
729 729
729
731
rine
731
731
737
Ma-
.....
738
-
17,
17, 17,
17, 17,
-
-
Congress, Letter from Tench Tilghman to Robert R. Livingston: Loss of Fort Washington, Letter from General Washington to Governour Trumbull: Loss of Fort Washington, Extract of a letter from Fort Lee: The true reason of our loss of Fort Washington was the extensiveness of our lines, Letter from General Nixon to General Heath, Letter from Captain Johnson to Abraham P. Lott: Recommends Lieutenant Johnson and -
-
-
Sergeant-Major Barret, from William Palfrey, Paymaster-Gen17, Letter eral, to General Washington, 17, Orders of General Heath to Lieutenant-Colonel De Roussi to repair to King's Ferry, 17, An account of ammunition delivered to Colonel De Roussi's Canadian detachment, to Genera! from H. Glen Letter Schuyler, 17, 17, Memorandum for Hon.Major-General Horatio Gates, respecting Captain Hulings and Cap-
...
tain Bresban,
-
-
-
-
749
750
750
-
750
from General Greene to General Wash-
The off
part of the enemy Mount Washington and
greater
from
above King's Bridge this morning; their route appeared to be towards New-York, 18, Letter from General Heath to General Washington Determination of Council upon the posts most proper to be occupied, 18, Letter from General Heath to General James Clinton, to Peter Garson General from Heath: Letter 18, Account of flour at Peekskill landing, 18, Letter from Dr. McKnight to General Heath : Can find no houses which will suit so well for hospitals as the churches, 18, Letter from Elihu Marvin to the New-York
...
: Respecting persons arrested for passing counterfeit bills, to Van Cortlandt from Pierre Robert Letter 18, Boyd: Inhospitable treatment of soldiers who are returning from the northward, to Pierre Van CortRobert from Letter Boyd 18, landt: Is afraid there is too much reason for the complaints he mentions, 18, Letter from Johannes Sleight to the New-York Convention The inhabitants of Kingston are
...
751
751
752 752
752
752
753
753
:
daily alarmed, and the streets filled with mobs from different parts of the County, owing to the misfortune of having that detestable arti-
739 739
cle called tea
stowed there, Trumbull to William Wil-
754
18, Letter from Joseph liams, taken from
son and John Dorsius: Their appointment and instructions as Continental agents for South-Carolina, to the of from Clement Biddle President Letter 17,
748
Convention
733
from Simeon Dwight to Massachusetts
-
18, Letter
-
731
734
Committee,
747
:
Episcopal itinerant missionary
17, Letter from J. Pelletier to Maryland Council of Safety,, 17, Letter from John Martin to Maryland Council of Safety, 17, Letter from Marine Committee to Livinus Clark-
746
;
-
marched
and prayer in Massachusetts, from Charles Gushing, Chairman of the
-
-
Shipwright, to Continental Congress, from Governour Livingston to the President of Congress, to the President of Lord Letter from 18, Stirling Congress, 18, Letter from General Washington to Colonel Palfrey: Cannot allow double pay to Major Lee or any other officer: it is expressly against the resolves of Congress, 18, Intelligence: Arrival of a fleet of victualers at New- York sailing of one hundred trans-
ington:
16, Letter
Council, 16, Letter from Captain J. Paul Jones to the
....
Memorial of Benjamin Eyre, of Philadelphia,
ports,
729
16, Letter
74-t
18, Letter
Fort Washington, Letter from Jonathan Trumbull, Jun., to the President of Congress: It will be difficult to make complete returns so often as weekly, Letter from General Maxwell to General Gates: Asks leave of absence, Reward for arrest of English prisoners escaped from Hartford Jail, Proclamation for a day of publick thanksgiving
Bailey, the there,
743
(late
other inhabitants of Providence, 18,
at
Committee of Pownalborough, to Samuel Freeman, of of the the Committee town of Proceedings Pownalborough, relating to the Rev. Jacob
...
Memorial of Isaac Cox to Continental Congress, in behalf of Alexander Frazer and
General Clin-
ton's Brigade, dated November 23d, List of the Pennsylvania officers who were upon York Island when the engagement
Tyonderoga,
Canada by Udney Hay,
Letter from Udney Hay to General Gates, 744 18, Letter from Rawlins Lowndes to the Speaker of the South-Carolina Assembly: Declines ser745 ving as a member of the Assembly, - 745 18, Letter from Cscsar Rodney to Col. Patterson, 18, Letter from Board of War to General Washington: Respecting the Hancock and Adams, loaded from France with military stores for the use of the Continent, and taken by a
18,
Return of the names of officers and soldiers who have been killed, taken prisoners, or are missing, belonging to Colonel Sage's Regiment, Return of men killed, missing, and taken, in Colonel Tyler's Regiment, Return of the killed, wounded, and missing, of General McDougall's Brigade, on the 28th October last, at White-Plains, West-
in
of Quebeck, timber-merchant, now Assistant Deputy Quartermaster-General to the Northern American Army,) in the years '75 and '76,
727
names, companies, dates, and casualties, dated November Shepard,
19th,
17, State of troops at
Regiment of Foot commanded
by William Douglas, Esquire, Colonel, Return of the killed, taken, and missing, of
16,
LXX
1776.
Hugh Gaine's New-York Gazette, and transmitted to Congress by Gen- 1497 eral Schuyler, the an of Grasshopper, Ojistarale, speech
...
739 18,
A
Oneida
740
chief, to
Colonel Elmore, command-
740
ant of Fort Schuyler, to Governour Wooster General from Letter 18,
741
18,
-
Trumbull,
-
754
755
Worcester County(Massachusetts) Committee: Resolution of the late Committee of the town of Worcester, disarming a number of
its
in-
-
741 741
habitants, repealed, of Boston: Handbill to 18, Meeting of inhabitants be delivered to the inhabitants for their govin to the Committee an acernment in
741
count of the damage they have received from a savage enemy, Letter from Samuel Dexter to the Clerk of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts:
755
giving
742 742 742 743
18,
not possessed of any of the letters or other the late Governour Hutchinson, and papers of to comply with the consequently is unable order of the honourable House of the 4th inIs
stant,
...
-
-
to examine two trunks Report of the Committee
743
757
at
Colonel Baylor's,
-
758 759
LXXII
CONTENTS.
I.XXI
1776.
18,
19, 19, 19,
798 799
General Carleton's Answer, Letter from Abm. Van Bibber to Maryland Council of Safety, Letter from Van Bibber &. Harrison to Marylandj Council of Safety, Letter from Patrick Henry to the President of Simms Congress: Enclosing bond of Major for duly accounting for recruiting money, Letter from Archer & Harris to Maryland Council of Safety, Counto Maryland Letter from James Tilghman as a cil of Safety: Declines areappointment member of the Council, WashGeneral to Letter from the Board of War Orders have been given for the im-
759
759
19,
of pnper currency specting further emissions and for supporting the credit thereof, of .f Committee 19, Letter from New-Hampshire Safety to General Ward, to Colonel from New-Hampshire Long 19, Letter Committee of Safety: Entreats them to take into consideration the distresses of the sol-
19,
ington
761
761
prisoners in
20
762
20
762
20
the
------
-
cil of Safety, Letter from the Board of
War to Pennsylvania Council of Safety, requesting all British prisoners in the State to be immediately collected and sent to Fort Lee, Council to War Maryland 19, Letter from Board of and to President and Council of of
19,
Safety,
Delaware
Directing them to collect
:
all
the
British prisoners in their respective States, and forward them to Fort Lee, 19,
19,
19, 19,
ships
763 764
764
Is
20
wearied almost
to death with the retrograde motion of things, and solemnly protests that a pecuniary re-
19,
in the Highlands, 19,
-
765
767
... ...
778
778
-
-
-
779
20, Letter from Colonel Harrison to General Heath : The complaint of the officers about their none but one abstracts cannot be helped can with any propriety draw warrants ;
in the
Schuyler,
768
-
-
-
-
Heath
to
780
il General
780
New- York Con-
Wishes General George Clinton and General Scott to repair to Peekskill
vention
:
781 without a moment's loss of time, to General Heath: Morgan Proposed establishment and regulations of a 781 General Hospital at Peekskill, to of Committee from New-York Letter Safety 20, the President of Congress Importance of more effectually obstructing the navigation of Hudson river; ask that the direction of the work may be committed to General Schuyler. Recommend the entire prohibition of the 782 exportation of flaxseed, 814 20, Recommendation of Captain Eisenlord, 20, Pass for Gysbert Osterhout, one of the subal-
20, Letter from Dr.
-
771
769 770
:
from General Lee to Governour Cooke: considerable force embarked or about to embark in Staten-Island : they give out that South-Carolina is their place of destination, but it is not improbable they have some designs against Rnodp-Island,
779
:
20, Letter from General
769
....
-
-
Grayson to General Mercer To hold himself in readiness to march at a moment's warning, and to forward this letter to Lord Stirling and General Stephen, who
are to make the same preparation, 20, Letter from Robert H. Harrison to
army, General Court-Martial, held near Peekskill, by order of Major-General Heath, 19, Letter from General Schuyler to the President of Congress, 19, Letter from General Schuyler to Pierre Van
from Colonel Wood to General Gates Asks for leave of absence in writing, Letter from Governour Cooke to Massachusetts Assembly: Desiring assistance in case of an
same army,
768
different passes
19,
-
778
Grayson to General Lee: The enemy landed this morning between Dobbs's Ferry and Fort Lee, in great num-
20, Letter from William
the sick, as the neglect of them will prove very prejudicial to the inlistment of a new
attack,
...
-
767 768
19, Letter from General Heath to Dr. Morgan : Desires him to afford immediate assistance for
19,
777
person
A
Cortlandt,
777
due to the township of Heidelberg, Letter from General Mercer to the President of Congress: Has received intelligence that the enemy intend to reduce Fort Lee, and then to march through the Jerseys to attack Phil-
bers,
Letter from General Heath to Colonel Van Cortlandt: safe repository for a considerable quantity of military stores is much wanted at or near Fishkill,
19, Letter
Jail, and finds nothing mateexcept some information from Mrs. Conof her husband, olly of an intended escape Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to Lancaster Committee, Chester County (Pennsylvania) Committee: Committee appointed to settle the distribution of the money drawn for the use of the
adelphia,
eral Lee's objections to moving from his present post. The loss of Fort Washington was a cursed affair, from General George Clinton to Robert 19, Letter Yates: Recommendation of sundry officers for the standing Army, 19, Letter from John S. Eustace to Gen. Sullivan, 19, Letter from Colonel Rufus Putnam to General
Washington: Report on the
776
20, Letter from William
ward of twenty thousand pounds a year would not induce him to undergo what he does, Letter from General Lee to General Washington: Clamour against General Greene. Gen-
------
$
776
distressed families of Associators, Comto Lancaster P. Hardt 20, Letter from Henry mittee: Asking for the complement of salt
is, that the post, after the past it, was held contrary to
went and opinion.
776
oners from the
20
to his mortification
his wishes
776
-
-
-
-
773
rial
:
last
773
of Congress to the 20, Letter from the President States: Necessity of furnishing the troops for the new army as soon as possible, of Safety to Council from Letter Pennsylvania 20, the President of Congress: Have inquired into the affair respecting the escape of pris-
763
Memorial of Major Lamb to the honourable Congress of the United States of America, included in the requesting that he may be next exchange of prisoners, Letter from E. Biddle to William Atlee, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress, Letter from General Washington to John Auloss of Fort Washgustine Washington The has ington is a most unfortunate affair, and what adds and him mortification; great given
his -
-
in
Jersey,
778
under
773
...
the more New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Southern States, to Maryland Coun19, Letter from Samuel Chase
all
regiment
772
Council (England) continuing for three months longer the order of the 21st of out August last, for prohibiting the exporting of the Kingdom or carrying coastwise gunsort of arms or powder, saltpetre, or any ammunition, d to from Maryland Letter Henry Hollingsworth Council of Safety, iLetter from the President of Congress to Pennsylvania Council of Safety, Letter from President of Congress to NewYork Convention and Assembly of New-
Order
20
the
in -
command,
:
mediate collection of
inlisted
diers
761
------
Meshech Weare,
of Massachusetts, relatransmitting a resolve retive to a Convention of the several States
l
19,
to
Nov. 19 Letter from John Avery
.Yov. 18, Address to General Sir Guy Carleton, signed who assisted in the by those, and those only, defence of the garrison last winter,
771
:
work at the barracks at Fishkill, from Colonel to Letter Jacob New20, Bayley York Convention If the Rangers have not what was engaged them, we have no right to terns of the party sent to
772
19, Letter
A
784
:
command them and if General Gates, who doubtless stands in need of them, should call for them, he must be disappointed, ;
772
784
CONTENTS.
LXXIH 1776.
Nov.
...
from Richard Stockton and George at Albany) to the President of Congress, 20, Letter from Colonel Wayne to General Gates: Shall be hard pushed for time to put Ticon20, Letter
Clymer (Committee
deroga in any tolerable state of defence; will do all he can to render it tenable 20, Providence (Rhode-Island) Town meeting, 20, Summons of the Commanding Officer 'of the Americans to the Governour of Fort Cumberland,
.....
Gorham's answer
20, Lieutenant-Colonel
above summons, 21, Letter from Charles
Graham
to
Nov. 784
785 785
786 786
Stephen Stew-
774
Counwhich Captain Martin has taken possession of and
forcibly detained, 21, Letter from Captain
.....
21,
21,
21,
21,
...
subsisting the Army, 21, Letter from Samuel Chase to Maryland Council of Safety, 21, Letter from Doctor Witherspoon to Richard Stockton: Begs him to lose as little time as possible in getting some orders given about the sick, 21, Letter from Lord Stirling to the President of
Congress,
.... .... .... -
21, Letter from General
to
Washington
774
-
21, Letter from General
-
Washington
to
775
.....
21, 21,
787
21, 21,
787
787 21,
788 789
796
War
held at Saratoga, respecting recruiting for the new army with all expedition, Orders of General Schuyler for recruiting, Letter from General Herkheimer to New-York Committee of Arrangement: Recommends Captain John Eisenlord for a captaincy in the new arrangement, Connecticut Council of Safety, Act of Rhode-Island appointing a Committee to meet Committees from the Eastern States to hold a conference respecting further emissions of paper currency, Letter from Commodore Hopkins to John
797 797
.... ...
798 799
....
865
-
799
clothing, 22, Letter from Abisha Washburn to Hugh Orr : Has been to Sheffield and viewed the place proposed for building a furnace for making
---
cannon, and thinks -
789
790
792
tington to his son, 21, Letter from General Lee to James Bowdoin : The idea of detaching from one side of the North River to the other, in present circumSome means stances, is absolute insanity. must be devised to raise your regular bat-
it
will
answer
for that -
purpose, 21, Representation of John Allen, of Nova Scotia, to Massachusetts Council, relative to the Micmac and St. John's tribe of Indians, short state of the inconveniences to which the troops on the Eastern Shore of Virginia are
A
particularly subject,
799
.....
800
800
807
22, Order of the Council of Virginia respecting
the rations for the Continental troops serving in the State, Resolve of the House of Delegates of Virginia transmitted to the Delegates in Congress, Address of the officers of the Seventh Virginia
792
....
Regiment to Colonel William Crawford, Colonel Crawford's Answer, 22, Letter from Samuel Chase to Maryland Council of Safety, 22, Address of Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the freemen of the City and Liberties of
793
Our enemies are advancing and the most vigorous measures alone can save this city from falling into
793
their hands, Lancaster 22, (Pennsylvania) Committee: Regula-
793
22, Lancaster
Philadelphia
upon
22,
808
808 808 809 809
:
us,
tions for the distribution of
-
salt,
-
809
-
809
Committee: Directions for expedian exchange of prisoners of war, ting Letter from Committee of Reading (Pennsylthat vania) to Lancaster Committee Request :
from Lancaster to Fort prisoners of war sent Lee may not pass through Reading, to the 22, Letter from Allen McDonald (prisoner) President of Congress: He and his son are entitled to be arranged in the class of regular
Militia, they are
your grown more detestable than ever, not from the bad quality of the men, but from the wretched character of the officers. Hopes the cursed job of Fort Washington will occasion no de-
...
-
Langdon,
onel Isaac Nicoll, 21, Letter from Joseph Reed, Adjutant-General, to General Lee: Does not mean to flatter nor praise him at the expense of any other, but does think that it is entirely owing to him that the Army, and the liberties of America, so far as they aie dependent on it, are not totally cut off, 21, Letter from Colonel E. Huntington to the Committee of Litchfield, Connecticut, 21, Extract of a letter from Colonel Jedediah Hun-
jection, 21, Letter from William Bradford (Aid-de-Camp to General Lee) to Meshech Weare, -
-
796
21, Intelligence: Invoice of a prize brig laden with
792
talions, for as to
to purchase cloth-
ing) to New-York Convention, 21, Letter from General Schuyler to President of
786
North River, 21, Return of the Brigade commanded by Brigadier-General George Clinton, 21, Return of the Regiment of Foot in the service of the United Colonies, commanded by Col-
.....
Henry Outhoudt and Anthony
Congress,
791
...
795
795
tack, 21, Letter from
21, Resolution of a Council of
Atlee, prisoner, 21, Extract of a letter from General Lee to Colonel Reed: His reasons for not crossing the
...
.
21, Letter from General Heath to General Lee : His instructions are such as not to admit of
Van Bergen (Committee 775
Governour
Livingston : Retreat across the Hackensack and Passaick rivers, 21, Letter from General Washington to Colonel
...
-
795
part of the troops from the posts assigned to him, unlessby the express orders of General Washington, or in case of an at-
General
...
795
moving any
Lee: Loss of Fort Lee: reasons for ordering him to cross the North River, with the Continental troops,
and verbal message from Colonel Reed to General Lee: We are flying before the British; push on and join us, (note,) 21, Letter from General Lee to General Heath: Has just received a recommendation, not a positive order, to move the corps under his command to the other side of the river. There is no possibility of crossing at any place lower than King's Ferry, which, to us, would be such an immense round that we could never answer any purpose; therefore desires General Heath to send over two thousand of his corps instead, under a BrigadierGeneral,
Nicholson to Maryland Council of Safety: As their suspicions have alarmed him, shall lose no time in endeavouring to convince them that he does not
intend wronging the Province, Letter from Cumberland Dugan to Maryland Council of Safety, Letter from Maryland Council of Safety to the President of Congress: There are likely to be disturbances of a serious nature in Dorset and Caroline Counties, on the East Shore, for want of salt, Letter from the President of Congress to General Washington on the necessity of furnishing troops for the new army, Letter from John Gibson, Jun., Auditor-General, to the Council of New-Hampshire : Requests an account to be furnished of the advances made by the State for paying and
21, Letter from General Lee to General Heath: Colonel Reed has written him a short billet that he does not well understand, Billet
to the
ard, 21, Letter from Captain Stone to Maryland cil of Safety, respecting his vessel,
LXXIV
1776.
officers,
794 794
-
-
-
to 21, Letter from John Gibson, Auditor-General, the Council of Delaware: Requesting them to furnish an account of the advances made by their State to the Army,
810
LXXVI
CONTENTS.
LXXV
1776.
Abstract of the Return of the Troops now at and near New-Ark fit for duty, to Governour 23, Letter from General Washington immediate exertions and Further Livingston
Nov.
to the President of .Vor.22, Letter from General Lee bids tin- Ma.-i-arhusetts Council: Indecision of fair for tumbling down tlie goodly fabriek Amei ic MI frrrdoin. Kvi-n the resolves ol'Contoo nicely weigh with us; gri-ssmust no longer we must save the community in spite of the
:
are absolutely necessary,
822
-
Colonel Huntington to General
23, Letter from
ordinances of the Legislature: Requests and and deconjures him to waive all formalities,
Heath It would encourage the new inlistment if some of the officers and men could go home on furlough, Letter from General Lee to General Heath: :
not only the but the to Province, regiments pn-scribed to each readd, if possible, four companies Must drive the tyrant's troops out of
some means of completing
vise
822
23,
By your mode of reasoning
822
the General's in-
811
structions are so binding that not a tittle must be broke though for the salvation of the General and the Army: must desire that
Highlands, Soundings of Hudson and Samuel Augustus Lawrence Tudor to New-York Convention, Instructions to the officers appointed to recruit in New-York for the service of the United
812
will have two thousand men in readiness by the day after to-morrow, to New-York Con23, Letter from General Heath
States of America, to Gilbert Living22, Letter from Captain Copp ston: Asks his influence for an office in one
813
giment.
the Jerseys, or all is lost. Is determined to unnest ' Defence, departed men for Philadelphia, to join the forces there, 1271 to Richard Ridge18, Letter from Major Deakins who has contracted with the ly: John Youst, Council of Safety for a number of muskets, waits on
:
18, Letter from
:
now
1281
Governour Trum-
to
:
1270
-
Judd
- 1281 Application for the rank of Major, Brainerd to Governour Captain 1281 Trumbull Resigns his commission, to Captain 18, Letter from Commodore Hopkins - 1281 J. Paul Jones, Note of the time of material occurrences during
bull
1269
Benjamin Harrison to Maryland - 1271 Council of Safety, Counto Burvvell Maryland 18, Letter from John Last night Captain Cook, of the cil of Safety 18,
-
bull,-
18, Letter from William
Purchase Inti'lli^eiiee at Si. John's, Antigua: at St. Kilts of woolen stuffs by an American
,11^ 18, Letter from \V,r.
CVI1I
19,
John McKinley to Committee of Kent County, Delaware: The branch of the Council of Safety for this County has met almost every day since their return from Do-
Letter from
ver; their business has been principally to provide for the marching of the Militia to
reinforce General Washington,
...
1290
CONTENTS.
CXIX
- 1290 Dec. 19, The American Crisis, Number one, 19, Letter from General VVashington to Pennsylvania Council of Safety: Nothing ever amazed him more than the note said to be wrote by John Dickinson, Esq., to his brother, the - 1294 General, Orders of General Washington to the Colonels of the Militia of Bucks and Northampton - 1295 Counties, Pennsylvania, 19, Extract of a letter to a friend in Connecticut, from an officer in the American Army, dated Bucks County, Pennsylvania: I doubt not before one week you will hear of an attack
19,
somewhere, when 19,
19,
CX
1776.
1776.
I trust
to ourselves, Letter from General
...
we
shall
-
-----
-
Washington, Letter from the Committee at Morristown and others to General McDougall: Urging that the detachment of Colonel Vose be permitted to remain in that neighbourhood, for which they had had the assurance of General -
Lee, 19, Letter
An
-
-
-
-
-
20,
...
1308
Address of Meeting of Suffering of the Qua-
20, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to
war,
...
-
1309
General Washington: Necessity of impressing blankets and stockings for the Army, - 1310 20, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress His views and opinions at large on sundry measures for promoting the - 1310 efficiency of the Army, Plan of Colonel Knox for the establishment of :
1297
;
;
:
;
;
:
time for allowing bounties to seamen who shall inlist in the Royal Navy, and of rewards for the discovery of seamen who secrete
...
...
a Continental artillery, magazines, laborato&c., Plan of General Stephen for recruiting in Virries,
ginia, 20, Orders of General
.
Washington
1306
20, Letterfrom Thomas Johnson, Jun., to Maryland - 1307 Council of Safety,
1314
to
Carpenter Wharton, Assistant Commissary-General, to wheat - 1315 and impress mills, if necessary, 20, Lette- from General McDougall to General Heath The detention of Colonel Vose's corps was absolutely necessary to prop the drooping spirits of the militia; the receipt of General Washington's orders authorizing it, has - 1315 relieved him from many embarrassments, 20, Intelligence by John Halstead from Elizabeth. Town, 1316 20, Application of the Captains of Colonel Max:
...
well's regiment, in behalf of the men, to General Washington, not to be charged for
....
1316 Lord George Germain His first design extended no further than to get and keep possession of East Jersey, but finding the advantages that might be gained by pushing on to the Delaware, and the possibility of getting to Philadelphia, the communication leading to Brunswick has been reinforced, 1316 20, Extract of a letter from Sir William Howe to Lord George Germain Plans for the next campaign some changes in consequence of the late progress of the Army, 1317 20, Letterfrom Jonathan Halletto New- York Con1318 vention, 20, Letter from Colonel Swartwout to New-York Convention The time of the troops at Fort - 1318 Constitution will expire on the 31st, 20, Letter from General James Clinton to Colonel . 1319 Dubois, 20, Letter from Captain Rosekrans to Colonel Du1319 bois, 20, Resolution of New-York Convention reviving Committee of Safety, 1320 1320 20, Parole of Miles Sherbrooke, - 1320 20, Parole of Alexander Wallace, 20, Letter from Robert Yates to New- York Com-
cartouch-boxes, &c., 20, Letter from Sir William
Howe
to
:
:
;
... ...
:
.... .... .... ....
mittee of Arrangement,
20, Connecticut Council of Safety, 20, Letter from M. Malmedy to General Lee, 20, Letter from M. Malmedy to General Lee,
1321
-1321 -
20, Letter from M. Malmedy to General Lee, 20, Letter from Massachusetts Council to Governour Cooke Have ordered intrenching tools
1321 1322 1324
:
to be furnished, agreeable to his request,
-
1324
20, Letter from Massachusetts Council to General
Desire him to proceed immediately - 1325 Danbury, in Connecticut, 20, Letter from Massachusetts Board of War to Nathaniel Tracy: Respecting contract for 1325 linen, 20, Letter from Massachusetts Board of War to James Russell: Respecting contractfor pork, 1325 20, Arrival of General Lincoln at Boston, escorted in by Colonel Crafts, accompanied by many 1325 of his officers on horseback,
Lincoln
:
to
...
- 1306 themselves, I, 20, Letter from Samuel Curwen, Exeter, England,
-
lick cause; therefore earnestly request two dollars to be immediately sent to them, -
hundred thousand
1296
from Colonel Malcom to General Heath: order from Head-Quarters for the Ticon-
George Russell,
:
1295
deroga detachment to join the grand Army had almost lost this State to avert so capital a blow, General McDougall hath detained - 1297 Colonel Vose until further orders, to iHeath New-York Confrom General Letter 19, - 1298 vention, 19, Letter from General Heath to New- York Convention: General Washington has directed him to return to Peekskill, to exert his utmost endeavours to secure the post, cover the coun- 1299 the insolent, try, and curb il 19, Letter from Commissary Hughes to General - 1300 Heath, 19, Letter from John Schenck to New- York Con1300 vention, to from Robert Yates James 1300 Letter Duane, 19, 19, Letter from New- York Convention to General George Clinton: They approve the measures he has adopted for promoting the success of - 1300 the expedition under his command, 19, Extract of letter from Gouverneur Morris to his mother: What may be the event of the present war, it is not in man to determine but the worst which can happen is to fall on the - 1301 bleak mountain of America, 19, Resolution of New-York Convention for a secret expedition into the County of Westches- 1301 ter and the Island of New- York, 19, Letter from General Schuyler to Governour Trumbull Is greatly distressed with the situation of affairs to the northward every letter from thence advises that the troops will leave it immediately after the term of their inlistment is expired his whole dependence must - 1301 be on troops from the Eastern States, 19, Letter from J. Trumbull, Jun., to Governourr - 1302 Trumbull, I19, Letter from Thaddeus Burr to Governour Trum- 1303 bull, 19, Letter from Lieutenant Hurlbut to Colonel Parsons Copy of charter, and of the most material rules and regulations of their company, and of proceedings relative todismissing Captain Starr, 1303 1304 19, Intelligence of prizes taken by the Alfred, 19, Letter from Nathaniel Carter to Massachusetts - 1305 Board of War, 19, Intelligence of the expedition of Captain Eddy y - 1305 against Fort Cumberland, Nova-Scotia, 19, Letter from Meshech Weare to Governour Cooke: New-Hampshire Assembly have appointed a Committee to repair to Providence to act in conjunction with Committees from - 1305 the other New-England States, 19, English Order in Council for extending the
to
:
kers: Let not the fear of suffering, either in person or property, prevail on any to join with or promote any work or preparation for
do honour
to General il
McDougall
Dec. 20, Letter from Benjamin Rush to Richard Henry Lee Proposition by a foreigner to go in person into Howe's Army and bring ofi" two hundred Hessian recruits, 1308 20, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the President of Congress Under an absolute necessity of expending large sums of money daily, or of totally deserting the pub-
...
CONTENTS.
CXI
cxn
1776.
1776.
General Court Martial: Trial and conviction of Lieutenant Nowell Dismissed from the Army with infamy, Dec. 21, Letter from Colonel Nicoll to General Heath, 1366 21, Letter from General George Clinton to NewYork Convention: The security of the passes in the Highlands shall always be his first suffer himself object, from which he 'will not
Dec. 21, Letter from Committee of Foreign Affairs to B. Franklin, Silas Dearie, and Arthur Lee, at Paris: Detail of the progress and present The British recall of their state of affairs. Mediterranean passes is an object of great of consequence. Mr. Deane's proposition loan is accepted by Congress, and they have desired two millions sterling to be obtained if
for
value of captures by Ameriat two mil-
The
possible.
:
-
1325
lions,
21, Letter from General Lewis, Williamsburg, Va., - 1329 to the President of Congress, Coun21, Letter from Charles Carroll to Maryland cil of Safety: Report that the enemy intend off Georgia and the Carto station six frigates and six olinas, six off the Capes of Virginia, off Delaware, to put a total stop to trade. from Maryland present in Con-
No
1329
tered into, Steward to Maryland 21, Letter from Stephen Council of Safety: Has built, rebuilt, rigged, the trouble for four fitted, and been in all fine vessels for them, and has the fifth and
- 1330 mittee of Frederick County, in Maryland, WashGeneral to Morris Robert 21, Letter from of publick papers ington : Being possessed which must never fall into the hands of the it is
Has been best to retire from Philadelphia. told to-day that he is preparing to cross into the Jerseys; hopes it is true, and promises himself joyful tidings from the expedition, - 1330 at Philadelphia by 21, Invoice of blankets received - 1331 the Continental sloop Independence, to the President of Morria Robert from Letter 21, -
-
-
-
-
-
Congress, to the Commission21, Letter from Robert Morris Detail of military affairs ers in France state depreciation of Continental currency; :
1337
-
21, Orders of General Washington to Carpenter Wharton, Assistant Commissary-General, - 1338 21, Letter from General Washington to Governour 1338 Trumbull, 21, Letter from General Washington to Governour
1339
Cooke,
Washington to Massachu- 1340 Assembly, 21, Letter from General Greene to President of Congress Greater power must be lodged in the hands of General Washington than he
21, Letter from General setts
:
- 1341 has ever yet exercised, 21, Letter from General Greene to Governour Cooke: Hopes a stroke may be given to the enemy in a few days which may put a stop to General Howe's progress. The reports propagated about himself, respecting the loss of the baggage and stores at Fort Lee, are as malicious as they are untrue. The enemy's publication of the cannon and stores then taken is a grand falsehood; not an article of military stores was left there, or nothing worth mentioning, 1342 21, Letter from General Dickinson to General - 134 Washington, 2 Letter from General Heath to General Wash-
-----
,
-
-
-
134 ington, Inventory of sundries taken at Hackensack, in - 134' a large chest, going to New-York, -
Recommendation of Mr. '21,
-
1345 Lord George Germain Recommends raising a corps of German Chasseurs, to be commanded by - 134 Captain Emmerick,
Letter from Sir William :
Sobriski,
Howe
to
others permitted to remove to New- York request that Major Fish, who conducts them in, may have permission to bring out certain ;
families
and
-
their effects,
1351
New-York Dele-
Letter from William Duer to
gates in Congress: Difficulties the State will labour under in procuring clothing for the -
1351
Joseph Trumbull -
Trumbull,-
:
1
1349
to General
which belong to the United States, and which by no care and industry can be procured on her separate account, 1350 to Letter from New-York Convention General 21, MifHin: On the subject of clothing, 1350 21, Letter from New- York Convention to General Howe: The families of the Rev. Mr. Inglisand
troops they were to raise,
;
-
-
New-York Convention
21, Letter from
1332 of the Navy privateering, to General 21, Letter from General Washington McDougall Approves of the disposition of - 1337 the three regiments under Colonel Vose, to General 21, Orders of General Washington Maxwell, to repair to Morristown and take command of the three Eastern regiments and -
High-
There is reason to believe the - 1350 passes in the Highlands will be attacked, to Convention from York Letter NewPresi21, further application for dent of Congress: no has suffered so severeAs State clothing. ly they think she ought to have a particular attention in the distribution of those articles
1331
;
the Militia there,
in the
-
A
1329
Coun21, Letter from Captain Dems to Maryland 1330 cil of Safety, of Congress to Com21, Letter from the President
when
lands, 21, Letter from
Spencer:
-
a line
- 1348 New-York Convention, Letter from New-York Convention to General George Clinton Have great reason to believe that the enemy are meditating a vigor-
ous expedition against the passes
-
enemy, would be glad of
1348
-
-
Knight, 21, Resolves of
:
though questions of the greatest magnitude every day agitated, and resolves en-
-
1347
:
21,
gress,
sixth almost ready,
-
21, Letter from Colonel Allison to Captain JohnHas arrested two suspicious persons, ston - 1348 inhabitants of Ulster County, 21, Letter from Colonel Swartwout to Dr. Mc-
delegates
-
any other consideration, however spe-
cious, to be diverted,
can vessels have been estimated
to
Governour
-
-
1352
21, Letter from Richard Varick to the President of
1352
Congress, 21, Letter from General Herchkeimer and others to New-York Convention Appeal for relief in a case in which certain military proceed:
ings in General Herchkeimer's brigade were taken before the County Committee, and countermanded, Memorial of Henry Van Schaick to Governour Trumbull: Asking leave to visit, on parole, the heirs and executors of his late father, 21, Petition of Robert R. Waddell and Samuel Burling to Governour Trumbull, 21, Parole of Benjamin Whitehead, Richard Belts, and George Hewlett, to Massachusetts 21, Letter from Henry Newman Board of War, to Commodore Letter from John Proud 21, Hop-
1353
21,
...
-
kins, 21, Letter from
1354
1354 1355 1355
1356
James Bowdoin to the President of Congress: Introducing Monsieur Fanieul, and other French gentlemen, who offer their
Army of the United States, - 1356 - 1414 Lotbiniere to his son, 22, Letter from the Governour of Virginia to Mary-1356 land Council of Safety, Resolution of the Virginia Assembly Measures for completing their quota for the Conservices in the
21, Letter from
M.
:
Army. Recommendation to invest the commander with more ample powers, - 1357 22, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the President of Congress: Recommend that a severe example be made of John Willbank, a person in several important publick stations, tinental
who
is
endeavouring
to enforce
submission
to Great Britain,
-
1357
22, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the President of Congress America has suffered more from herself than her enemies, :
and
until a
thorough reform can take place
in
the several departments, opposition will be vain,
1358
CONTENTS.
cxin 1776.
Dec. 22, Letter from Colonel Joseph Reed to General Washington Some enterprise must be undertaken, or we must give up the cause. Will it not be possible to make a diversion, or - 1360 something more, at or about Trenton? Letter from General Washington to Pennsyl'2'2, vania Council of Safety: Their collection of old clothes for the Army deserves his warmest thanks. Has not a musket to furnish the Militia it will therefore be needless for those to come who have no arms, except they will
Dec.
American Army, published by order of the Pennsylvania Council of Safety: Horrid depredations committed by that part of the British Army which was stationed at and near Pennytown, under the command of Lord
-
1361
fore day,
Trenton.
22, Letter from General :
22,
22,
22,
-------
venting a fatal blow to America, 22, Letter from General McDougall to
-
-
1364
:
civil
officers,
with any
will act
spirit,
or military, in -
it,
-
1364
of Congress: Introduces Captain Vernejou, who was with General Lee when he was
22, 22, 22, 23, 23,
-
- 1365 Commissary Hughes to General Heath The secret expedition of our Convention remains a secret to every body but the Tories and enemy; such a tardy race of ani- 1366 mals never before composed a Senate, Letter from General James Clinton to New- 1366 York Convention, Letter from Hester De Witt to New-York Convention: Prays leave for herself and children to go to her husband in New-York, -1367 Letter from Captain Abner Seelye to John - 1367 Sessions, Letter from General Lincoln to Governour - 1367 Cooke, Letter from Doctor Green to David Gilman, - 1367 - 1368 Letter from Arthur Lee to Lord Shelburne, Letter from the President of Congress to GenThe multiplicity of busieral Washington ness which Congress left unfinished at Philadelphia, has induced them to appoint three gentlemen with full powers to perfect the business in such manner as they shall judge :
-
proper,
-
1368
23, Letter from the President of Congress to Robert Morris: Congress desires to afford General
Lee
the relief in their power,
all
23, Letter from William
23, 23, 23, 23,
Whipple
to
-
-
don, Letter from William Blair to General Johnson, Letter from Benjamin Rumsey to Maryland Council of Safety, Letter from Caesar Rodney to Thomas Rodney, Letter from Robert Morris to the President of
1369 1370
of Safely,
-
-
-
-
the Inhabitants of Pennsylvania,
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
-
pany of
fiftv
23, Letter
men
from
Province of
in the
-"
York,
Hathorn
Colonel
New-
-
-
-
1379
General
to
-
1379
County
- 1379 - 1380 Major Fish to General Heath, Order of General Heath allowing Major Fish to attend the families of Rev. Mr. Inglis and - 1380 others to New-York in a flag of truce, 23, Letter from Colonel Huntington to General
-
-
Dobbs
vention, 23, Letter from ston,
-
23, Letter from
John Field
to
-
-
Samuel Tuder
to Peter
-
Benjamin Marvin
Convention, 23,
An
to
1381
New-York -
-
-
1381
New-York Conven-
tion,
23, Letter from
1381
R. Living-
to
1381
New-York Con-
1381
Address of the Convention of the Repre-
sentatives of the State of constituents, 23, Letter from Colonel
...
New-York -
Van Schaick
York Committee of Arrangement, 23, Letter from
Governour Trumbull
to their
1382
New-
to -
-
1388
to the Presi-
- 1388 dent of Congress, Resolution of the Assembly of Connecticut
appointing a Committee to meet the Committees of the other States of New-England, - 1389 at Providence, on the 23d of December, 23, Letter from
Governour Trumbull
Washington,
to
General -
-
1389
of the city of New23, Petition of Isaac Corsa, York, to Governour Trumbull Desiring libunder the same restricerty to visit his family tions as the other prisoners, 1390 26, Parole of Isaac Corsa, Robert R. Waddell, and :
-
-
1390
-1391 -
1391 1391
and the loss of it so great a disappointment to our enemies, that it is the opinion of some that they will run every hazard yet to take - 1392 possession of her, to Massachusetts 23, Letter from General Godfrey Board of War: The number of Militia round Rhode-Island belonging to Massachusetts he
one thousand, supposes about
Ward
-
-
1392
President of to the Army near Congress: Has forwarded NewYork a quantity of clothing lately in a prize, 1392 brought in to Boston Board of War to Massachusetts "from 23, Letter 23, Letter from General
1373
1374
to -
1378
;
:
-
-
-
-
1377
:
1370 1370
:
Address of Pennsylvania Council of Safety
-
New-
to Massachusetts 23, Letter from General Lincoln Council The ship with clothing, taken by the Alfred, is arrived at Bedford her cargo is of so much importance to the United States,
1370
predominated in the publick councils, and too little attention been paid to others, 23, Letter from Captain Cook to Maryland Coun-
to
Letter from Major Johnson to General Clinton, 1378 Orders of General Howe for recruiting a com-
-
Impossible for him to appear on behalf of the - 1373 owners of the privateer Phtenix, Robert Morris lo from General WashLetter 23, ington An obstinate partiality to the habits and customs of one part of this continent has
cil
York Convention, 23,
-
Army, George Clinton
Samuel Burling, 23, Parole of Hugh Wallace and others, 23, Parole of John Munro, 23, Letter from J. N. Varnum to General Lee,
1369
John Lang-
Congress, Letter from Robert Morris to James Searle
23,
protection of his Majesty's 23, Letter from General
Heath,
:
22,
by following him, has fled to Lancaster; the Aliens, and some other principal people of Philadelphia, have come in and claimed the
23, Letter from William
22, Letter from
22,
less than he
23, Letter from
22, Letter from General Sullivan to the President
taken,
attempt on had any
for the
upon
George Clinton,
that
-
fixed
His numbers
23, Petition of Inhabitants of Westchester to New-York Convention, -
Is
;
ment, or
is
conception of; but necessity, dire necessity, - 1376 will, nay must, justify the attack, 23, Extract from the New-York Mercury: Capture of General Lee: the Rebels every where mouldering away like a rope of sand. Mr. Washington, with about two thousand poor wretches, who can get no subsistence but
General
extremely chagrined that the object of directing Colonel Vose to stay in New-Jersey is not likely to be effected the State is totally deranged, without govern-
Washington
137(5
General Washington to Colonel Reed: Desires to know if his plan was attempted last night; and if not, to inform him that Christmas day and night, one hour be-
Washington to Massachusetts Council 1362 Exchange of prisoners, Letter from General Washington to Lewis Gordon, Chairman of the Committee of North1362 ampton, Circular from General Washington to the Colonels of the Militia of Northampton County, Pennsylvania: To march with, their battal- 1363 ions immediately to Philadelphia, Letter from General Washington to General Heath: Without vigorous exertions and early succours, he does not see what reasonable hope there will be to preserve Philadelphia - 1363 from falling into the enemy's hands, Letter from General Washington to General Spencer: Desires Militia to be hastened on with all possible expedition, as he sees no other chance of saving Philadelphia, and pre-
fortifications,
....
-
Cornwallis, 23, Letter from
;
consent to work upon the
Extract of a letter from an officer of distinction in the
:
22,
CX1V
1776.
Commissary Newman,
1375
H
to the
1393
CONTENTS.
cxv 1776.
Dec. 23, Letter from Massachusetts Board of War to Samuel Purviance, Baltimore Order for a 1393 quantity of (lour and iron, 23, Letter from Joseph Dimuik to Massachusetts
Dec. 24,
:
...
...
Council,
change
24,
24, 24,
24, 24,
...
.... ....
:
:
entire Counties, and the possession of the
part of a sixth, are in therefore
enemy; much
cannot be expected from them; but whatever An act they can do, has and will be done. lately passed by Connecticut, prohibiting the
1395
transportation out of the State of certain arhas given this Convention the most serious concern. Being deprived, by the misfortunes of war, of a sea-port, we have no possible means of procuring many of the necessaries of life but from the Eastern
1395
ticles,
1395
1397
1397 1398
- 1408 States, whose commerce is still open, 24, Letter from Colonel Parsons to Governour - 1409 Trumbull, sent Peter T. Curtenius of by 24, Return Clothing to Esopus, and delivered in the store of Cap- 1409 tain John Elvendorp, Return of sundries sent to New-Windsor, addressed to Mr. James Jackson, and by him sent over to Fishkills, by order of the Con-
....
vention, from Colonel Parsons Letter 24,
- 1398 of Safety, 24, Address of Pennsylvania Assembly to the in1399 habitants of the State, 1360 24, Skirmish with the Hessians, 24, Letter from Richard Dallarn, Deputy Paymaster-
24, Letter from
---
.... ....
- 1399 General, to General Washington, 24, Letter from General Washington to the President of Congress That he should dwell upon the subject of their distresses cannot be more disagreeable to Congress than it is painful :
ure,
which meas-
-
1399
Return of the Forces in the service of the States of America, encamped and in quarters on the banks of the Delaware, in the State of Pennsylvania, under the command of his Excellen-
every
vice,
Council, 24, Letter from
on
their
march
to Peekskill, Washington to the St.
-
-
-
James Lovell
to
John Avery,
-
:
;
ofNew-Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay, and Connecticut: Without your immediate aid, the important fortress of Ticonderoga will unavoidably fall into the hands of our enemies, the troops who garrison that and the adjacent posts having determined not to remain after the term of their inlistmcnt expires,
-
-
-
1401
1403
Cooke, from Colonel Thornton
25, Letter
-
-
to
has slain ten soldiers to the enemy's one, and will soon prevent every man of comrron sense from putting his life and fortune in the power of such as destroy both without pity
....
1404
24, Letterfrom General Spencer to the command1404 in^ officer at Peekskill, 24, Letter from General Heath to General Lincoln, 24, Letter from General
-
Heath
to
1405
New-York Con-
vention: Requesting that the trial of Captain Ford and his men may not be delayed, 1405 21, Letter from Colonel Joseph Trumbull, Com- 1406 missary-General, to General Heath, 24, Latter from New- York Committee of Safety to
General Washington,
nour Trumbull, 24,
.
New-York Convention
24, Letter from
-
New- York Convention
1406
to Gover-
Island,
-
...
in the offi-
cers, want of fidelity, honour, and humanity, in the doctors, and avarice in the sutlers,
or mercy,
.....
25, Genera! Gates arrived a few days ago at
1418
Gen-
A
numWashington's head-quarters. ber of the Boston Tories have lately died, - 1419 nnpitied and unlamented, at Halifax, 25, Letter from Marine Committee to Captain eral
Nicholson: It is hoped his vessel is ready; he must act in concert with Captain Biddln, 1419 25, Letter from General Washington to Robert Morris: Bad as our prospects are, I should not have the least doubt of success in the end, did not the late treachery and defection of those who stood foremost in opposition
1407
while fortune smiled upon us, make me fearful that many more will follow their example, who, by using their influence with some and working upon the fears of others, may extend the circle so as to take in whole
1407
Towns, Counties, nay Provinces,
Report of Committee on a letter from Governour Trumbull covering accounts of sundry persons for removing inhabitants, with stock, &c., from Rhode:
1416
Meshech
. 1403 maquoida Chiefs, 24, Letter from Governour Tryon to Lord George Germain: Not the least apprehension of any further commotions from the inhabitants on .
1415
Letter from Benjamin Harrison to Maryland Council of Safety: Congress are in immedi- 1416 ate want of a fast-sailing vessel, 25, Letter from William Ellery to Governour 25,
Weare: An inexcusable neglect
-
1411 1412
M. Lotbiniere to the President of 1412 Congress, 24, Letter from Arthur Lee to Richard Henry Lee We have had an audience, been received, and presented our propositions. As yet we have received no answer, nor can we divine what it will be they are very timid and se- 1415 cret, but we have hopes, 25, Letter from Samuel Wright to Colonel Rich- 1415 ardson: Resigns his commission, President of to Assemfrom Letter 25, Congress
24, Letter from General - 1403 John's Indians, 24, Letter from General Washington to the Passa-
Long-Island,
1410
24, Letter from
1401
24, Letter from General Washington to the officers commanding the Massachusetts and Connecticut Militia
1410
Governour Trum-
-
bull,
new
-
-
-
to
- 1411 24, Parole of Joseph Reade, to from Thomas Massachusetts Letter 24, Gushing
evil,
-
John McLean
1410
Governour
to
blies
establishment, has been big with and among others with the most shameful delays. Offers encouragement to him to raise a regiment for Continental ser-
der the
-
Trumbull,
cy George Washington, Esq., Commander-inChief of all the forces of the United States in America, December 22, 24, Letter from General Washington to Samuel Griffin: The unfortunate mode adopted by Congress for the appointment of officers un-
1407
greatly
1398 rank, to Daniel of St. 24, Letter from Robert Morris Thomas Jenifer, President of Maryland Coun-
to himself; the alarming situation to affairs are reduced impels him to the
-
Safety This State has sufto Governour Trumbull in the course of the war; five fered
:
cil
-
-
New- York Committee of
24, Latter from
- 1393 ing in the war, Sullivan: to General Chase Lstter from Samuel 24, If we expect to succeed in the present war, our mode of conduct; the we must
business of the Congress must be placed in different hands, Letter from Samuel Chase to Maryland Council of Safety, Letter from Thomas Johnson, Jun., to Maryland Council of Safety, Letter from Baltimore Committee to President of Congress, Letterfrom William Whipplc to John Langdon The accounts from France, which are down to October, are very favourable, Petition of Thomas Slater to Continental Conof a parole, gress: Asks the indulgence Letter from Donald McLeod and others, prisoners, to the President of Congress: Expect a parole on the same terms that have been and a granted to others of the King's officers, chance of exchange for officers of the same
Report of Committee Trumbull appointed to confer with Colonel relative to want of provisions, and a plan for the importation of salt for Connecticut and
New-York Convention
New-York,
1393
"Perseverance" on the probability of succeed-
24,
cxvi
1776.
-
-
1419
CONTENTS.
CXVII 1776.
Dec. 25, Letter from General Washington to General Putnam An intercepted letter puts it beyond doubt that the enemy intend to cross
-------
the Delaware as soon as the ice
is
strong
enough, 25, Court Martial on Caleb Green, to Yates from James Letter Robert Duane, 25, 25, Connecticut Council of Safety, Letter from Terence McDermott to George
1420 1420 1421 1421
25,
Wyllys: Asks leave to go to New-York for days on parole, on some private affairs, 1422 Parole of Terence McDermott, -1422 Permission to Terence McDermott to go to - 1422 New-York, Memorandum of agreement of Mr. McDermott, 1422 Letter from Stephen Hopkins to James Bowdoin: Opinion of the Committees from the New-England States, now convened at Providence, on measures to be taken at this critical conjuncture for the common defence, '- 1423 Letter from Massachusetts Board of War to - 1423 John Watson, Statement of affairs in America, by Colonel White, Aid-de-Camp to General Howe, at Lord George Germain's office. Attack at 1423 Trenton, Observations on the action at Trenton written in England before the American account - 1424 of it arrived, Proclamation by the Governour of Virginia: To 1425 engage volunteers, Letter from James Lloyd Chamberlaine to Dan-
...
:
by a force sufficient to hold it when taken, and that these troops be inlisted during the
26,
-----
iel
of St.
Thomas
Jenifer: Resigns his
Colonel Plater,
-
com-
mission, 26, Letter from Daniel of St.
...
Thomas
-
1426 27, 27, 27,
:
work; the imagination is heated. I have just wrote to Congress the substance of the account, and almost promised them that you should, by following up this first blow, finish the campaign with that eclat that your numerous friends and admirers have long 1428 wished for, 26, Letter from Colonel Cadwalader to Pennsylva- 1441 nia Council of Safety, 26, Letter from Colonel Cadwalader to General Washington The river was so full of ice that it was impossible to pass above Bristol, and therefore concluded to make an attempt at Dunk's Ferry. Could not land the cannon, and the field officers were all of opinion that it would not be proper to proceed without them. I imagine the badness of the night must have prevented you from passing as 1429 you intended, 26, Letter from Colonel Cadwalader to Pennsylva- 1441 nia Council of Safety, to General Cadwalader Colonel from Letter 26, Washington: Has determined to pass over to the neck of land a little above Bristol at 1429 six o'clock in the morning, 26, Extract of a letter from a prisoner in New-York to a gentleman in New-London, Connecticut: The distress of the prisoners cannot be communicated by words twenty or thirty die spirits to
......
:
...
...
;
lie
in
heaps unburied.
every day; they have seen it, 26, Letter from General Heath to General 26,
ington, Letter from Joseph Trumbull
I -
1429
Wash-
to
Governour
- 1431 Trumbull, to Heath Colonel from General Letter Thomas, 1431 26, 26, Letter from General Heath to Colonel Pal1431 frey, 26, Proceedings of a General Court Martial at 1432 Peekskill, 26, Letter from Colonel Humfrey to Major Bird- 1432 sail,
...
---
1435
1436
-
27,
-
John Hall
-
to the
...
.... ....
:
27,
-
to
- 1437 Board of War, - 1437 Letter from the President of Congress to Robert Morris, 1437 Letter from President of Congress to General . 1438 Washington, Letter from President of Congress to Pennsylvania Council of Safety, 1438 Letter from President of Congress to Pennsylvania Council of Safety, 1438 Letter from President of Congress to Joseph - 1438 Trumbull, Letter from Robert Morris to the President of Congress From private information that can be depended on, our victory at Trenton has - 1439 been complete, Letter from Committee for transacting Continental business to Thomas Smith Expects his immediate attendance at Philadelphia, - 1439 Letter from Robert Morris to Benjamin Hoge. 1439 land, Letter from Robert Morris to Colonel Fleming, 1439 Letter from Captain Nicholson to Samuel Pur-
..... :
27, 27, 27,
...
viance, Jun.: The particulars of yesterday's action at Trenton. This affair has given such amazing spirit to our people, that you might do any thing or go any where with them. Vast numbers of fine Militia are coming in -
momently,
1440
27, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to the President of Congress : Are sending off
reinforcements of Militia, in hopes the very important blow at Trenton may be followed This Council has maintained their auup. thority in the fullest extent, notwithstanding the near approach of the enemy, and the confidence which the Tories and disaffected - 1440 derived from that cause, 27, Letter from Pennsylvania Council of Safety to - 1441 the President of Congress, 27, Extract of a letter from an officer of distinction
New-Town, Bucks County: Particular ac- 1442 count of the action at Trenton, from officer in the Amerof a letter an Extract 27, at
ican Army, dated New-Town, in Pennsylvania: Account of an advantageous victory - 1442 obtained over the Hessians yesterday, 27, Letter
1430
.....
George Wells
possible, 27, Letter from
27,
paign with his regiment he solemnly pledges - 1426 to appear at his trial when required, 26, Letter from Robert Morris to the President of Congress Intelligence received that General - 1427 Washington is master of Trenton, Morris to General WashRobert from Letter 26, ington: We have just heard of your success Good news sets all the animal at Trenton.
-
Maryland Council of Safety: Has launched one of the row-galleys, and shall push on the other as fast as
27,
Memorial of Meyniere to Continental Congress: If granted the honour of finishing this cam-
-
.rf)
out by Congress, 27, Letter from
1426
Jenifer to
-
war,
27, Intelligence of a most valuable cargo of arms, powder, &c., being gone up to Baltimore from Cape Franois, in a brig that was sent
;
26,
New-York
Convention, 1433 26, Letter from New- York Committee of Safety to - 1433 General Heath, 26, Connecticut Council of Safety, 1433 26, Beating orders to Lieutenant Burr, Connecti. 1433 cut, 26, Parole of Stephen de Lancey, of the city of . . 1434 Albany, 26, Amongst the worthies who have put themselves under the protection of Howe and company, we find the names of the following noted personages: James Galloway, John Allen, - 1434 Andrew Allen, William Allen, 26, Letter from Colonel Gilman to New-Hamp- 1434 shire Assembly, 26, Letter from James Lyon to the President of Account of the expedition of Congress Captain Eddy to Nova-Scotia. Recommends that that Province be immediately subdued '
thirty
25,
... ...
Dec. 26, Letter from Colonel Svvarlwout to
:
25,
CXVIII
1776.
from
General Washington to Robert
- 1443 Morris, to the PresiGeneral from Letter Washington 27, dent of Congress: Congratulates them upon the success of an enterprise which he had formed against a detachment of the enemy
and which
was executed lying in Trenton, 1443 morning, yesterday Return of the prisoners taken at Trenton by the Army under the command of his Excellency General Washington,
-
1445
CONTENTS.
r\ix 1766.
Dec. 27, Letter from General Washington to General - 1445 Heath, Morris: to Robert from Colonel Letter 27, Moylan Was unfortunately too late to shore in the honours of the day, being catched in the storm, nn el little imagining that any attempt would 1446 have heen made at such an inclement time, to General from Cadwalader Letter Colonel 27, \V:i>hin
" P. R. Livingston, Esquire, President, &ic." The abstract of a Letter from General Gates, dated at Ticonderoga on the 31st ultimo, giving an account of the movements of the enemy on Lake Champlain, enclosed in
General Schuyler's Letter, was also read. Also, a copy of a Letter from Major Joab Hoisington to General Gates, dated at Newbury, October the 12th, 1776, communicating the intelligence given by four Deserters from Canada, that previous to their leaving Montreal, on the 25th of September, that Sir John Johnson, with the Indians and Canadians and Eighth Regiment, had marched to attack the inhabitants on the Mohawk River and meet General Bargain
in
Albany, was also read.
intention
to
place, a letter
affidavits, (copies Committee at
whereof had been transmitted to him by Albany,) some part of the enemy's force
proposed making incursions into the western frontier, we therefore lamented the necessity that called Colonel Dayton's regiment to Ticonderoga, and left so important a communication to be guarded chiefly by Militia, and submitted the propriety of employing; active scouts, who should go from the head of Hudson's River to Ticonderoga, and to whom rewards should be offered in their bringing intelli-
gence of the enemy's approach. received information of a most dangerous conTories at Helenbergh, we despatched an of the spiracy express to Colonel Van Ness, who was at Schuyler's Ferry,
"Having
march to Fort Edward, to recall employ them against the insurgents. Of on
we
his
his this
regiment, to measure, also,
formed General Schuyler; and in order to discover the numbers, motions, and designs of the insurgents, a soldier recommended by Colonel Van Schaick for that purpose, was sent as a Spy, with instructions, and a promise of a reward of ten pounds if he should perform the service satisfacOn the 25th of October, a letter was received from tory. Colonel Whiting, of King's District, giving information of the number and hostile designs of the Tories in that District. Whereupon Captain Baldwin, with fifteen men of the in
Albany Rangers, was immediately despatched
to assist in
securing the said insurgents, and Colonel Whiting was di-
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
289
reeled and authorized to raise and detain all the well-affected Militia remaining in that District for the same service, and
6,
1776.
290
Vondenburg, and march with Colonel Van Ness's regiment as guides to those places. the 26th of October, Colonel
towns in the State of Massachuof men as would, together with a number such Bay his own and (he Rangers, make up an hundred, and also that he should see the men properly supplied with proviThe whole to sions, agreeable to Continental allowance. be commanded !>y Colonel Whiting until superseded. '' Mr. Avery, Deputy Commissary, furnished a report of all the flour remaining at Ticonderoga, and the several and Albany, from which, after deductstages between that or would be consumed in \ng what was probably expended, the course of fourteen days, there would then only remain about two thousand five hundred and twenty barrels. " A having been made to your Committee
"On Vondenbergh and Captain Slingerlandt attended, according to request, and the Colonel produced the returns of such persons in liis regiment, amounting to eighty-two, who have not marched up with the Militia of the County, most of which absentees, it appears by other information, are such as have collected themselves in and about the Hellebergh, for the purpose of opposing by force the measures of Congress. An express was sent with a letter to Captain John Bradt, of Coxakie, advising him
Dyck, Cornelius Glen, Benjamin French, Jacob A. Lansing, John Stevenson, Henry Ten
direct route;
also to call on the nearest for
setts
representation that Doctor Henry Van
Visscher of Schenectady, Major Eyck, John Van Allen, Jus. Eminston, Peter Van Schaick, Peter Vosburgh, Robert Baker, John Fryer, were Oakley, James Dole, to the cause of American liberty, and disaffected persons that their stay in the County of Albany would be danger-
ous: " It was therefore Resolved, That the Members of the Committee who were Members also of the Committee of wait on the Committee of the said County, and
Albany, submit it
to their consideration, if they have just grounds of the unfriendly dispositions of the said persons, to remove them immediately out of this State. " It being also represented to the said Committee that there were many disaffected persons in the Manor of Liv-
ingston and
neighbourhood, and that the remaining Milibe relied on are few in number and badly
its
who can
tia
armed "
:
was therefore Resolved, That a Letter be sent to the Commanding Officer of the Manor Regiment, informing him to detain the Militia there, and hold them in readiness to It
the disaffected in that part suppress any insurrections among of the State, or wherever else they may be ordered by your Committee or the Committee of Safety of the State of New-
York.
"A
Resolution was also passed requiring the Committee of the Manor of Livingston immediately to arm and equip the company of Rangers raised in that District, and order them to be quartered at or near the place of rendezvous,
and kept
in
readiness for
said resolution
was sent
to
Manor of Livingston. " Your Committee, by
A
immediate service. copy of Colonel Henry Livingston, of the a letter to Peter
R. Livingston,
Esq., President of the Convention, advised them of the progress they had made in the execution of the duties assigned
them.
"John Vondenburgh, who
resides near
Helleburgh, and supposed to be well acquainted with the designs of the disaffected m that neighbourhood, was examined, and reluctantly disclosed that he had attended a meeting at the Helleburgh, and was there advised not to march with the Militia that there were present at that to the northward meeting John Reed, Joaghim Huyck, Jacobus Long, Hans Segar, Jacobus Oliver, Jacob Huyck, John Cummins, Arnet Wermer, Adam Sagar, Christian Huyck, Jacob Bradt, Garret Bradi ; and that one Richard Ridley had in his possession the proclamation of General Howe; that their plan was to assemble in three parties, of about thirty men each, to resist ;
any
troops that might attack
command
of Albertut
them;
one party, under meet at the Hellt-
that the
Van Alstyne,
to
burgh, another, under the command of John Cummins, at Norman's Kill, and the third, under the command ofArent Warmer, at Neskitaw; that the party attacked were to notify the others, that they might cooperate in their resistance. Hans Segar said he could get Indians at Schoharie to assist, if he would go for them ; that a constant correspondence is kept up between the said parties and the disaffected of
Stickook and Coxakie, between
whom
it
was understood
that they were to act on the defensive until the King's troops arrived, and then join them.
A messenger was despatched to Colonel Vondenburgh and Captain Slingerlandt, requesting their attendance, that "
they might be informed of the situation of the country in and about the places alluded to in the said examination of
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
19
of the movement of the disaffected in the neighbourhood of the Hellebergh, and requesting him, if he could spare any part of his force, to despatch the Schoharie company and the Rangers that way as soon as possible, and by the most
and that a party should be despatched from meet and cooperate with them. "Colonel Van Schaick, on application, consented to spare about fifty of his Continental troops for two or three days, to be commanded by Captain Hicks, and marched to the under the directions of your Committee, and to Hellebergh be in readiness as soon as possible. " Captain Baldwin was directed that the fifteen men of
Albany
his
to
company of Rangers
should hold themselves
in readi-
ness; and Colonel Van Ness was ordered to detach eighty men of his regiment on the same service, while the remain-
der of his regiment should continue in Albany, and do the duty of the troops ordered out. " Captain Abraham Slingerlandt, of Col. Vandenbergh's regiment of Militia, was ordered to attend the said detachments as a guide in the route they were to take for the apprehension of the disaffected, and Major Ford, who was
appointed to the command, was apprised of the nature of the service, and instructed to march the detachment to Conradt Luke's or Tunis Kingerlandt's, where his inen were to be refreshed until near daybreak, when he was to march
from thence to the Hellebergh, and endeavour to take and disperse the disaffected who have been or are now assembled in arms, or in general all others between the age of sixteen and fifty who can prove no good reason for their not having marched with the rest of the Militia agreeable to order; if they should not be at that place, to follow them to Norman's Rale, Nestakew,or the Beaver Dam, or wherever else they may be assembled, advising on this head with the guide; also, that he always march with good intelligent scouts ahead, and flanking parties, to prevent surprise or being discovered by persons lurking in the woods lor that purpose, and to detain all those whom he might expect designed to give intelligence of his movements ; that he should also be
particularly careful to prevent the men under his from plundering or maltreating the inhabitants of
command
the County, whatever might be their political character; to be attentive to secure those persons jvhose names he was furnished with ; and send daily communications of his mo-
your Committee at Albany, in order that he might be reinforced if necessary, or supplied with provisions if his stay should be longer than was expected. "On the 27th of October, a letter was received from tions to
General Schuyler, dated at Saratoga on the 26th, acknowledging the receipt of the letter and affidavits transmitted him on the 24th, in which he says, that although said affidavits would countenance the supposition that the enemy intend an irruption on the Mohawk River, yet he cannot suppose they will attempt it, unless they should be successful at He did not like to move Dayton's corps from Ticonderoga. the westward, but was pressed to do it in such terms by General Gates that he could not prudently refuse it. Lest,
however, any accident should happen, he advises that Colonel Van Ness, with his regiment, should, on his return from Coxsackie, march to Schenectady, or such place where he can be of most service in case of an attack. The scouts from Johnstown, Fort George, and Fort Edward, agree there is no appearance of an enemy on the northern quarters. General Schuyler enclosed in said letter a copy of a letter he had received from General Gates, at Ticonderoga, dated the 24th of October, wherein, after enumerating such articles and supplies as are most wanted at that garrison, Genthat General Carleton lies close at eral Gates observes, 'Crown-Point, with his navy on his flanks; that he apprehends an attack may soon be expected, but that the '
'
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
291
communication between Otter Creek and Mount Indcpen'dtnce was not yet interrupted by tbe enemy's scouts.' " A letter was received from John McKesson, Esquire, on the 24th, Secretary of the Convention, dated at Fishkill, and condemnation, by a giving advice of the apprehension Court-Martial where Lord Stirling presided, of three traitors or deserters taken in arms ; and also enclosing a copy of a letter from Tench Tilghman, Esq., to the Convention, dated
'
Head-Quarters, Valentine's Hill, the 22d instant, menone hundred tioning that early on the morning of the 21st, and fifty men, detached from the First and Third Virginia regiments, and commanded by Major Green, supported by Colonel Haslet's, of Delaware, with six hundred men,
"A
6,
292
1776.
detachment under Major Ford, of Colonel
Van 80
Ness's Regiment of Claverack Militia, " detachment of Scoharie Militia, under Captain
A
55
Hager,
205 "Captain Hlcks's and M'Cracken's Companies, of Colonel Van Schaick's Continental Regiment, -
120 1325
at
" If there be added to the troops vice, and the Tryon Militia, viz
good news pub-
ence establishing expresses to Albany, as lished by authority might have a happy effect on the Army and on the people. " On the meeting of the Committee on the 28th of Octofrom General Schuyler, dated at Saratoga, on a letter ber, the 27th October instant, covering a letter from Captain Fort Dalgton, the 21st of Lathrop Allen, commanding at General from another and Herkimer, dated at October, was laid before your Canajoharie, on the 25th of October,
Committee. " Captain Allen
Lake
states, that on hearing some news from our disadvantage, a consultation was held at CanaCastle, between the Indians and Tories, since which
to
joharie many of the latter have absconded to join the enemy ; that He concludes by requestthe Indians are also moving up. an invasion as the General, may shortly be expected, ing to forward a supply of ammunition, there not being more than twelve pounds of powder to supply the garrison, conof one hundred and twenty-three effective men. " General Herkimer informs General Schuyler that Peter
sisting
Ten Broeck, of
the Fallkills, Hanjoost Schuyler, Kachyaho Johnson, with .about one hundred and twenty others, from the Klace Burragh, have gone off to the enemy ; he learns
:
do. "Nichols's " Tryon County Rangers, " Militia supposed at
The whole
will
invasion may soon be expected, thisjiostile and certainly on the Mohawk, and that the circumstances of the country are such that they cannot resist such a force, and must expect to be slaughtered and drove off at the He therefore begged and solicited pleasure of the enemy. for expeditious succour in troops to oppose invaders, to frustrate their wicked intentions
such
aid, the their arms.
such powerful that without
;
major part of the inhabitants would lay down
" General Schuyler, in his letter enclosing copies of those of General Herkimer and Captain Allen, remarked that he thinks it absolutely necessary that a body of troops be sent immediately to the Mohawk's River, and concludes by obI have ordered Colonel serving Dayton with his regiment, '
:
'
'
'
'
'
'
which
is at Canistighenna, or Half-Moon, to halt until they hear from you. If you can send such a body of Militia into Tryon County as will in all probability secure that part of the country, I then wish you to send orders to Colonel Dayton to prosecute his march to Ticonderoga, where he is much wanted; if not, you will order him back
shall
'
to that
'
tions.'
County, he having
my
frontiers,
namely
-------.-
Rangers,
Men
be
2,068
the disaffected at the Helleburgh and its neighbourhood, which was attended with the wished-for success, as they
and dispersed (the disaffected) without opposition,
many
Captain Bradt, who was despatched on a similar enterprise to Coxakie, had written to us by he had successfully performed the service he express, that was sent upon, and that he thought the Coxakie and Catt-
of them were taken.
kill
companies would be
sufficient for
any
further business
Indeed it in that quarter. of the disaffected there had
appeared to us that the report been greatly exaggerated, since District had thought fit to discharge
the Committee of this some those who were apprehended as Tories; which, however inexpedient, was at best a proof they were not thought measures having so happily supdangerous. These vigorous it in our power to detach pressed domestick insurrections, put the troops which with the forces already on the western
frontiers,
and
in our resolutions, of their particularly specified Schuyler could best judge,
competency we suppose General it
to his determination
whether Col-
onel Dayton's regiment should be sent forward to TiconIt appeared their former station. deroga, or commanded to officer, in
command
moment
that
an active and spirited
the then conjuncture, should be invested with the on the western frontiers, especially as the appre-
hensions on the part of the Continentals, as well as the Militia, seemed greater than the intelligence communicated submit it to the consideration of the to us could justify.
We
General, that as
we were
strangers to Colonel Elmer,
if
his
whether military character was not sufficiently established, Colonel Dayton, (in case his regiment should proceed to Colonel Van Schaick, or some other officer
Ticonderoga,) of known abilities, ought not to be appointed to that imdetermined that such of the proportant department. as consisted of Militia, should march detachment posed The two companies of Continental troops, without delay. not being under our directions, we informed the General must attend his orders; and should the arrangement meet with his .approbation, Captain Lush's company of TownGuards, seventy of Colonel Van Ness's regiment under his would remain for town , command, besides the
We
duty.
" Your Committee then wrote to Major Ford, requesting him to return with the detachment under his command to as soon as the service whereon he was sent was
Albany,
same time forwarded a letter to despatched, and at the the party at Coxakie to march Captain Bratt, commanding said party to Albany as soon as their business was accomAn order was also given Mr. Acery to furnish the plished. detachment under Major Ford with three days' provisions,
50
.20
had been received by the Committee of that place, from and Deputy Commissary Deputy Commissary Trumbull,
:
Captain Bradt's Rangers, who have performed the service at Coxakie, " A detachment of Captain Baldwin's Company of
1,000
which was forwarded immediately. " John Vandenbergh again appeared before the Commitand was examined; and discovering nothing further tee, the Tories at Hellebergh, he svas dismissed, and respecting for his former services was given forty-eight shillings. " Dirck Swart was called in, and informed your Comhe understood that letters mittee, that while at Benniiigton
orders to obey your direc-
"The Committee thereupon resolved and determined to detain the following troops for the defence of the western "
150 150
-
;
to us of the utmost
Herkimer added,
-
" Your Committee then sent a letter by express to Genand eral Schuyler, enclosing copies of the above resolutions having previously received intelligence from Major Ford and Captain Bradt, we mentioned to the General, that on the night of the 26th the detachment was despatched against
Sir John in force at Oswegos, Johnson to command six hundred regulars, and that twentytwo nations of Indians had joined them. A squaw was the bearer of said letter to Canajoharie Castle, and a belt was
their proposals they (the Oneidas} should be attacked first and that not a child's life would be then spared. General
-
1,743 "
and therefore submitted
sent from the hostile nations to the Oneidas, to invite them to join them, threatening that if they would not agree to
-
443
-----
they are gone to Oswego, expecting to meet the enemy there; that the leaders of those runaways have received advice by letter, that within six days from their escape the
enemy would be assembled
that ser-
-----
"Elmons's Regiment,
attacked and put to flight Rogcrs's Rangers, taking many blankets, sixty stand of arms, and thirty-six prisoners. " Your Committee immediately acknowledged the receipt of the letter of John McKesson, Esq., with its enclosure, and suggested the propriety of the Committee of Correspond-
now on
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
293
Yauncey, which mentioned that some evil-disposed persons near Albany had stopped the provisions going forward to to purchase the Ti.com/eroga, and alleged they had orders wheat and send it to the mills that the wheat was accordon ingly purchased at five shillings and six pence lawful were Militia that the of some going up hearing which, were much enraged, and wished Albany in flames. As Mr. Swart neither saw said letters nor heard them read, it was not thought proper to take any measures relative thereto, until more precise information could beohtained of their contents. On the 29th of October, Major Ford, with the detachment under his command, returned from the Hellebergh, and reported that he could not discover any parties of disaffected persons assembled together; that he had traversed the country, and found that most of- the inhabitants had absconded that he has apprehended, however, John Reid, John Lang, Garrit Slingerlandt, Myndert Bradt, John Seeger, Jeremiah Pemberton, John Hallenneck, (who he has, however, since discharged,) Garret Seeger, Matthys Hoghtaling, (who he released but detained his arms.) " Your Committee immediately proceeded to examine John Reid, John Lang, and Myndert Bradt. The character of Reid appeared suspicious; he was therefore remanded to Jail. As to Lang, he appeared to be misled, and professing his hearty repentance and promising a ready concurrence with the measures of Congress, was thereupon dismissed, upon his promise to go and join his Militia regiment at Fort Edward. On receiving a solemn promise not to reveal his name, the said John Lang, of Meadhic, stated, that being warned to go to Fort Edward, he prepared himself to go accordingly, but on his way was dissuaded from proceeding by Frederick Oliver and Philip Luke, son to John Luke, who were the principal persons that dissuaded people, alleging that they would not go to be slaughtered by the Regulars, who would have this country in a month's time. That thereupon he went to Arnet Wormer's, where there were about one hundred, who engaged not to go up, nor to injure any person, but if the Rangers or Militia of Albany came against them, they would resist them. They then agreed to keep scouts in the road, and that they should notify each other upon any alarm. That besides the above persons, Frederick Warmer, Frederick: Cransie, John Commens, were at the meeting that the views of those people, when assem-
"
bled, was to hold out until the Regulars should come, and then join them ; that Arnet Warmer was to direct one of the parties, Bat Hallenbeck another, and Frederick Oliver the third party. The said John Lang being further examined, stated that there were present in the above company George
Swan, Peter Classe, Peter Bradt, Stoats Bradt, Wonter and George Slingerlandt, Storen Bradt, Myndert Bradt, Garret Bradt, John Commens, (a principal,) Jacobus Oliver, Jacob Bell, a Captain of Beaver Dam, (which latter he has heard to declare he would not go up at all,) Henry Warner, Jacobus Haughtaling, Johannes Seeger, Adam Seeger, Jellis Creeble, and John Wedewman. " We proceeded to examine Myndert Bradt,who appeared to be an ignorant lad of about seventeen years of age ; he not being sufficiently candid, was thereupon remanded to jail. " We then received from General Schuyler a letter of the 29th of October, dated at Saratoga, in answer to that of yesterday, acquainting your Committee that he had ordered Colonel Dayton's regiment to prosecute their march to the northward, and that about four hundred of the Militia were ordered to march from Fort Edward to Tryon County, to be under the command of General Herkimer or Colonel Van Schaick, who he had ordered into that quarter with the two companies of his regiment. "Mr. Aaery, the Deputy Commissary-General, was immediately
made acquainted with
be ready
this
movement,
that he might
to furnish
Bradt was
these troops with provisions. Captain ordered to march with his company of Rangers
into Tryon County, and to put himself under the command of Colonel Van Schaick; and Captain Huger, with the party of Militia under his command, was directed to return to Schoharie, and hold at a moment's
themselves
constant readiness to defence of the western frontiers, whenever they shall receive orders from Colonel Van Schaick, that they may contribute, with the rest of their fellow-citizens who are now in arms, to the utmost of their power, in the defence of the rights and liberties of their
march
country.
warning
to the
in
On
the 30th October, your Committee addressed a letGeneral Herkimer, advising him, that although they considered the information of an intended irruption of the enemy in that quarter to be such as not to be fully relied on, yet it was possible they might send small scouting parties, as a great force cannot come at this season and as to the
;
;
294
ter to
;
;
1776.
6,
;
twenty-two nations of Indians,
We
the least credit.
too improbable to deserve could not help expressing our surit is
when the Militia are all called out for the defence of our country, invaded on the north and south, that the Militia of a County which had hitherto been reprise, that at
spected
a time
for its zeal
and
spirit,
should entertain .the most dis-
tant idea of submitting to their inveterate enemy, too, before they had seen or tried their force.
We
liberty to
remind him that there
own
is
already
in
and
that,
took the
that County,
seven hundred and fortythree men, which, when joined by the troops under his command, would, we apprehend, be greatly superiour to any force the enemy could send. informed the General exclusive of their
Militia,
We
we
had, however, sent him two companies of Continental troops under command of Colonel Van Schaick, with whom we wished him to consult about the propey disposi-
of the troops, and also one company of Rangers, and that General Schuyler had ordered to their assistance four hundred men of the Militia; these would cross from Fort tion
We added: 'These are sent in compliance with your wishes, though we really think them unnecessary if ' the people of your County will exert any degree of that ' spirit which we have reason to expect of men animated ' We by the glorious cause in which they are engaged. doubt not but that you will be careful to inspire them with proper sentiments on this subject. It would be advi' sable for you to order one hundred of your Militia, who will be rewarded for their services, to be raised, equipped, and 'sent to their proper stations; in which case they will be allowed Continental pay and rations. Captain Hager, with fifty men of the Schoharie Militia, are now sent home, and have orders to hold themselves in readiness at a mcEdward. '
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
ment's warning, whenever you may think it necessary to upon them. You will be careful to keep out scouts on every quarter, who will be rewarded for their trouble.' " Your Committee then addressed a letter to call
General
Schuyler, suggesting, in case of an invasion from the west, which was very probable, whether it would not still be pru-
Dayton's regiment at Fort George, so that they readiness to proceed to Ticonderoga, or the western frontier, as the progress of the enemy might render necessary. Also, communicating the orders given to Colonel Van dent
to detain
might be
in
Schaick, Captain Bradt, and Lieutenant Hager, and General Herkimer; and that Colonel Van Ness's detachment of one hundred and forty men were to be detained under his command for town duty, leaving Lieutenant Conyer, who is one of our recruiting officers, to assist and advise Colonel Van Ness in the conduct of his department, on account of We also communihis inexperience in the military line. cated the result of the expedition to Helleburgh, and certain intelligence from Major Ford, received by him from Hendrick Hoff, who pretends to be a deserter from General Carleton, that would countenance the belief that we might hourly expect an irruption into the eastern frontier by the Tories, Canadians, and Indians, under the command of Sir also informed the General that John Johnson. nothing
We
would warrant a longer continuance at Albany, was much wanted in Convention, especially as our assistance the military arrangement, which is so essential, being delayed before us
our return to FishkilL the 31st October, your Committee received a letter from General Schuyler, by express, in answer to the one addressed to him the preceding day, in which he mentions, that by information received from Colonel Ogden, who left there were not more Ticonderoga on the morning preceding, until
"On
than two hundred tent? at Crown-Point; consequently General Carleton has only a small part of his Army there. This circumstance, the information of Hoff, and the movement of the Tories in this quarter, induced General Schuyler to suspect that the
hawk
enemy
intend to penetrate by the Mosome part of the com-
River, or throw themselves on
munication between Saratoga and Fort George. It became difficult to say what measures would be most eligible, but that he will venture to send down part of the Militia, ton's regiment being already near
Skeensborough,and
Daymen
his
NEW- YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
295
extremely averse to return
to
Tryon County
;
then instantly to despatch three regiments to that quarter, or more, according to the number of the enemy that may have taken that route. That similar orders would be sent to General Ten Broeck and Colonel Gansevoorl, that we
;
most certain intelligence might thus have the more early and of the enemy's movements, and be enabled to take proper measures to defeat their purposes. " The General Schuyler enclosed for despatches which Colonel Van Schaick and Major Cochran, of Tryon County, were immediately forwarded to them by express. " Your Committee, on the same day, received a letter of King's District, Colonel from Whiting, giving an account to the affidavits of Pcabody and Allen, taken and
;
" Your Committee perceiving, from the last intelligence received from General Schuyler, that probably no attack would be made on Ticonderoga, it strengthened the appreIn such hension of an invasion of our western frontiers.
case the defenceless situation of those frontiers would be lamented, and by those probably who judge only from
referring
John Younglove, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of Bcnnington, copies whereof were sent to the Committee of Safety, by the Committee of Albany, and referred to your Committee on the 23d October, from which examinations it that Isaac Pcabody and Samuel Allen called at
appeared the house of Seth Chace, at Little White Creek, on the 12th of October; suspecting, from some observations they heard, that Chase was disaffected, they feigned to be of the same and sentiments, pretending they came from Kinderhook, were offered lodgings and concealment on the suggestion of a Mr. Hough, which they declined they asked Mr. Hough whether they had seen any of their Kinderhook friends, or for them to get through northward whether it was ;
practicable
said no; but there was a much Burgoyne' s Army. Hough safer way of making their escape, for there was eighty men from Arlington and Sunderland who were to march the next That there were two of the King's armies coming night. down Burgoyne was to come round the Lakes, and Sir John Johnson down the Mohawk; it would be best for the Kinderhook Tories to join the latter, which they could meet in three days and be out of danger; which opinion Hough said he would communicate to the Tories at Kinderhook. That while at Chase's they were advised not to go to Camwould be taken up, for the people there were bridge, or they as fierce as the devil, and would have ruined the disaffected at White Creek tut for the friends they had in the Committee. Hough stated that most of the neighbourhood were disaffected that they had a meeting at Chase's, and determined to march off and join Burgoyne on the 13th. Samuel Allen went to inform the Committee of Cambridge of what to
:
;
had passed, while Captain Peabody returned to Chase's, to and inquired for Hough, and was gather further intelligence, told by Chase that Hough had communicated to him the substance of the conversation the preceding night; that he had certain intelligence that Burgoyne with his Army was had sent a coming round the Lakes; that Colonel Mann to Arlington, who was at his house the night of the page llth on his return, and told that the Colonel's orders to the were to remain quiet unless their intenpeople of Arlington tions were discovered, until further orders from him, for he found from intelligence from Burgoyne he would not get discovered through his march so soon as he expected, but if
way
to him.
The
page also slated
that the people of Arlington had made such preparations for their march that they could not postpone it without being He also discovered, and would therefore march that night. said the people of White Creek are secure ; they would not march until further orders from Colonel Mann. He likewise
Mann
had twelve
oxen for the purpose of victualling the friends of Government on their march to and others had several more for the join the King's Army, same purpose and on inquiring by what plan our Kinderhook friends could get safe to the King's Army, he told me Colonel Mann had given countersigns at two places, and if said that Colonel
fat
;
these countersigns could be conveyed to our friends they He could pass safe and obtain all necessary intelligence. ' Now then produced a paper and handed it to me, saying, life.' The contents of the paper were these I give you my " ' At Landlord Northrup's the countersign is Tryon.' " ' At Jacob Lawring's Ferry the countersign is Bur:
goyne
Upon
Convinced that an inexperienced Militia cannot be relied on, especially when their fears may be excited on account of the Indians, under those difficult circumstances, increased by General Gates's importunity for Dayton's regiment, though all the Continental troops (two companies only excepted) were already at Ticonderoga and on the communication, we could easily account for the embarrassment of General Schuyler, in which we participated; and by a letter of the 31st October, we communicated our reflections on the subject, and advised him of the intelligence received of Peter Ten Broeck and the four other disaffected, who have lately gone over to the enemy from Tryon County, being pursued by a party of the Oneidas, until those friendly Indians were given to understand by the
events.
before
the best of their
Government,
great
While the Iriends and thus examined, need not fear him. of Government were on their march to join Burgoyne, it was directed by Colonel Mann, that in the daytime they should keep the woods, and in the night to take the road to go twenty in a body, a mile distant from each oilier, and before each detachment a scout to be placed, distant in the advance about ten rods, to give notice of persons approachand the rear guard in like manner, to notify the ing in front approach of pursuers, in which case the parties to skulk into the woods.
body
make
296
1776.
two places, we could be secreted, have provisions, or helped on our way. or any thing we desired to forward us. " That Simon Covill was a friend to
he therefore
us not to leave Albany at so critical a earnestly entreated He also informed us that he would despatch an juncture. him to send a scout of express to General Gates, to request men to the westward, and if lie finds that any forty or Dfty of the enemy have marched to the Mohawk River,
to
6,
the giving of which countersigns, he said, at these
Onondagas
that
Oneidas should
it
was disagreeable
them, and that the We submitwould not be proper for him to
suffer if they did not desist.
ted to the General whether
it
send a spirited message to the Onondagas, by Major Fonda, or such other manner as he might judge best, complaining and demanding satisfaction for this unprovoked to
.
on the treaty, and insisting peremptorily to know whether they are to be considered as enemies or friends, that they might be treated accordingly, which would at least show a vigilant attention to their conduct and contempt of infraction
which, if it should not convert, might intimidate and keep them in awe, not to mention the necessity of our being apprised of the terms we stand upon with a neighbour, who, in proportion to the measure of our deception, would be able to injure and distress us. also commutheir enmity,
We
nicated the intelligence from King's District, and the reports from the southeast end of Rensselaerwyck, from which it
would seem that the disaffected were about to collect and to march to the northward, under the disguise of Militia and friends to Congress, until they could be met by the Canadians and Indians, who would conduct them to the enemy, or until they could reach Fort George, which they would seize and hold for the enemy; which accounts, though probably greatly exaggerated, they suggest the necessity of our being on our guard. The General was at the same time apprised, that previous to the receipt of his letter containing a request that your Committee should continue in Albany, that Robert R. Livingston had set out on his return, and as that part of the Committee for arranging the Army which were to the southward have got back to Fishkill, we considered ourselves under the necessity of joining them; and
considering the nature of our powers, which respected chiefly the Militia, which were now all in motion, we could not per-
Albany would be serviceable. " Your Committee then addressed a letter to Colonel Whiting, informing him that they had ordered Colonel Robert Rensselaer, with one hundred and fifty of the Claverack
ceive that our stay in
and requesting that, would be much wanted for an important service in another quarter, that he might be detained no longer than the safety of the district and the Militia, to
march
into
King's
District,
as Colonel Rensselaer's detatchment
condition of the disaffected rendered absolutely necessary.
vigorous measures, it was expected, would convince our internal enemies both of our vigilance and power, and intimidate the disaffected and induce them to disperse, so that a guard of forty or fifty men, kept in constant motion, would be sufficient to protect and preserve tranquillity in
Those
that District;
and being assured by the messenger, Mr.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER,
297
could be armed in the District, it Colonel Whiting to imbocly them accordingly, it not being in our power to furnish either arms Colonel Rensselaer was at the same time or accoutrements. ,
that so"
was recommended
'
to
forthwith returned to the
Committee of Safety
or
Conven-
State, in order that proper measures may be devised for preventing the publick interest from being sacri-
of
tion
this
by the disaffection or rapacity of individuals. Resolved, That such Agent (if necessary) be authorized to impress Drivers, Wagons, Teams, Ox-Carts, or other carriages, for the purpose of executing, with the utmost despatch, the Resolutions of this Committee. " These resolutions your Committee immediately enclosed ficed
"
Mr. Avcry, Deputy Commissary for the Northern Army, same time expressing their readiness to assign him as agent fully authorized to carry the same into effect, so far as relates to the purchase and manufacture of wheat with vigour and despatch adding, that if he could suggest any measure more effectual, or stand in need of further advice or support, respecting his department, we would cheerfully assist him, it being our determination and intention to leave nothing undone which, at this arduous conjuncture, might contribute to
at the
;
to the important* purpose of supplying the Northern
Army
with provisions. " On the 2d
November Captain Lush furnished your Com-
of the utmost importance
'
application, that
'
ward
Trumbull,
to
make
Esq., I
this
pressing
to
'
of the 29th ultimo,
" Your Committee, approving said resolutions, and in order to give them efficacy in the Northern Department, "Resolved, That an Agent he appointed and empowered to purchase Wheat for the use of the Continental Army, and that he cause the same to be manufactured into Flour, and transported to such places where the same may be manufactured with the utmost despatch. "Resolved, That if any should so far disregard the safety and preservation of this country as to refuse to dispose of their Wheat, or other commodities necessary for the Army, on reasonable terms, (which the Committee can have no cause to apprehend,) that the names of all such persons be
298
you would contract and immediately forSkeensborough landing all the flour that can be 'purchased for the Arrny in the Northern Department; and 'relying, gentlemen, on your publick patriotism to serve your country, 1 make not the least doubt that you will 'comply with this request. I will furnish you, from time to 'time, with the Continental currency, as Dhurry of business will permit ; and beg
fast as
rny present
you will forward me 'your answer immediately, how much you will be able to supply me with, and in what time, so that I may be able to ' satisfy the Commander-in-Chief at this place with this
enclosing copies of certain resolutions adopted for providing Southern Armies, together provisions for the Northern and with a copy of a letter from Tench Tilghman, from Head-
Quarters.
it
thought
as speedily requested to march his detachment to Albany as the condition of the disaffected against whom he was employed would possibly admit. "By the return of the express on the 1st November, letter
1776.
'by the Commissary-General, Joseph
many
your Committee received your
6,
'
very important business.' "On reading whereof, it was agreed to send for Mr. Avery, in order to be informed whether he had given information to Head-Quarters at Ticonderoga, that would justify the reflections against the County of Albany, contained in the letter of Mr. Yancey, and also to know his reasons for not answering our letter of yesterday. Mr. was '
Avery
accordingly called
in,
and
said that he
would have waited
on your Committee before, but being much engaged was That he expects and has received considerable prevented.
He was then told that the Comquantities of provisions. mittee were ready to give him their assistance, and that no exertions in the power of this State would be to
wanting supply the Arrny; and that if he could point out any thing that would be serviceable it should be taken into consideration. He answered that he would choose that an agent should be appointed, agreeable to our proposal, to purchase wheat for the manufacturing one thousand barrels of flour, and that he would also be in want of coopers. the
Committee showed him the
Whereupon
resolutions of
Convention
of 29th October, respecting the exemption of coopers from military duty, and that your Committee had already acquainted the Committee of Albany with said resolves, and requested them to recall the coopers already.
"
He
of peas
also said that ;
he wanted about one thousand bushels know that he has met with any
that he does not
obstructions in transporting the provisions. That the Committee of Albany had promised him all the assistance in their when the power ; but that when he was in want of
wagons
were called out, he could not get ready assistance, though he does not know but that the Committee did all in their power to assist him. That he has made no complaints to General Gates, but that he has wrote to the Militia
Commissary was a difficulty in getting wagons because the Militia were called up that way. Mr. Duane, one of your Committee, thereupon read to him Mr. Yancey's letter to of a letter from James Yancey, Deputy Commissary, to the the Committee of Burlington, as also Mr. Trumbull''s letter said Committee, of the same date, being the letters referred to the said Committee. to in the information communicated by Dirck Swart on "Thereupon he was asked from whom this information the 28th of October; which copies the Committee of He said he had never given the Comcould be derived? Albany County had requested Captain Lush to procure. Mr. missary any other information respecting the want of wagbns Trumbull observes The late success of the enemies of or the obstruction of the transportation, than what he before American liberty on this lake render it probable, I might related, and particularly that he had laid no blame to the 'say certain, that this post will very soon be attacked; in inhabitants of the County of Albany; that the Committee that case, as the enemy may perhaps attempt a blockade of Albany had always behaved genteelly to him, and have 'rather than an immediate attack on our lines, a large readily offered their services to assist him. That the intermittee with a copy of a letter, dated at Ticonderoga on the 20th October, 1776, from Joseph Trumbull, Esq., Commissary-General, to the Committee of Bennington; also a copy
that there
'
:
'
'
'supply of provisions will be absolutely necessary; you are therefore requested, gentlemen, to lend all the assistance 'in your power in forwarding provisions of every kind from ' Bennington to this place, by way of SJceensburgh. The ' badness of the road may render it necessary to send flour on pack-horses in bags if no other method is practicable, '
'
;
'
'
'
make
use of that
Deputy
Mr. Yancey, regard not the expense. Commissary-General, has the General's orders to ;
pay every necessary expense and charge that may arise.' " The letter of Mr. Yancey was in these words " This is to inform you that in consequence of a number of disaffected persons (in and about Albany) to the common :
'
'
'
'
'
safety of this Continent, there is great danger of a too long delay of the contracted provisions for this Army from that place, and in particular the article of flour, and that we
ruption of transporting provisions occasioned by the calling out of the Militia continued for a short time only.
" Whereupon your Committee declared, that as nothing would work a greater prejudice to the publick service than sowing the seeds of jealousy and distrust at such a critical juncture, the Committee should think it their duty to make the strictest inquiry into Yancey's letter and information, and the motives which induced him to write it; for that as on the one hand they would have taken care that any person that might have been guilty of obstructing the transportation should be punished with the utmost severity, so their duty, if the charge in that letter was was
it
equally groundless, to have sions this
'
have not more than will answer for bread for the Army at And as the advances of present than about sixteen days. the enemy may be slow, and in order for a blockade, and to 'cut off all communications to this place, all which makes it of the utmost consequence that we have an immediate supand as 1 am appointed and empowered to act and ply '
'
'
'
;
'
contract for every necessary provision for this department
it
it
publickly exposed, that the
ill
impres-
had occasioned might be removed and for must request Mr. Avery, if he could do they purpose which
it
;
the Committee with extracts or consistently, to furnish of such letters as he has lately sent to
copies Ticonderoga upon the subject of transporting provisions, either to General He answered that he Gates or the Commissary there.
would, and thereupon withdrew. " In the afternoon of the same day he again waited on and them that he had not Committee acquainted your kept '
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER,
299
'copies of the letters which
lie
had
lately sent to
Ticonde-
1
roga.'
" Your Committee having, at their first interview with Mr. Avery, inquired what quantity of provisions the Deputy Commissary-General had delivered over to him when he entered upon his office, answered, a 'sufficient quantity of Your Committee thereupon beef, though but little* flour.' directed Walter Livingston, Esquire, the late Deputy Comof the flour delivered missary, to lay before them a return
over hy him to Mr. Avery; which he accordingly did; by which it appears the quantity so delivered over amounted to fourteen tierces and sixteen barrels of. bread, fifty-four Connecticut barrels and three thousand two hundred and nine
New-York barrels of flour, being fifty -nine days' rations for eleven thousand men. " At the interview with Mr. Avery on the 2d of November, the said return was produced to him, which he perused. "General Schuyler having arrived \n Albany, after conthe situation of Tryon County, ferring with him respecting it
was "Resolved, That General Schuyler be requested and au-
thorized to issue his orders to the Commanding or other Officer in Tryon County, in case the enemy should invade the western frontier of this State, to cause all the Cattle,
which may Sheep, and Swine, and Provisions, their Rangers, to be driven in and secured and if that shall not be practicable, destroyed, that at all events they may not fall into the hands of the enemy; and for this purpose and Carriages. they be empowered to impress Horses " Your Committee also conferred with General Schuyler and. for the Northern Army respecting the state of supplies the him whether of other transportathings, inquired among tion of provisions had been obstructed by the calling out of the Militia, or from any other cause? " In answer, the General informed your Committee that be exposed to
7,
300
1776.
Mr. Newkirk TKYON. Mr. W. Smith SUFFOLK. Colonel G. Drake, Judge Graham, Colonel landt
Van
Cort-
WESTCHESTER.
Mr. Cantine ULSTER. Mr. R. R. Livingston
DUTCH ESS.
Captain Patrick Dennis's request for the advance of 500, on account of the Vessels by him purchased and the moneys he has advanced for the purpose of obstructing the navigation of the East River, was taken into consideration. Thereupon Ordered, That the Treasurer of this State pay to Captain Patrick Dennis the sum of 500, on account of the moneys that have become due him in pursuance of the directions for obstructing the East River navigation.
Comfort Sands, Esq., Auditor-General of
this State,
by
dated yesterday, has certified that he has examined the Account of Peter T. Curtenius, Esq., Commissary to the Convention of this State, commencing the 12th day of June last, and ending the 24th day of October last, as also his several vouchers accompanying it, all which he finds his certificate
just
and true; and that the sum of
9,293 15s. 5d.
is
the
balance due him.
Ordered, That the Treasurer of
this
State do immedi-
ately pay to the said Peter T. Curtenius, on his receipt, the said sum of 9,293 15s. 5 "
The sole design of this letter is most earnestly to request the interposition of Convention to prevent the disbanding of my brigade on Sunday next. I have sent an express to General Heath, with a request ments and a field-piece or two. avail if the service
to
send
me two more
But what
regi-
succour
will that
my
I to last only till Sunday? hope be imputed to interested motives, when I
is
request will not assure you of my desire to serve
country one month the officers will be flatter without I myself longer pay. ashamed to refuse their service. If our Convention would think proper to furnish me with a bounty for the men, I You cannot think, sir, of what infithink 1 can hold them. nite consequence it will be to this part of the country.
my
Without some proper support, if our troops below should not succeed, the. country below the mountains must submit If my views can be seconded by Convento the enemy. tion, and General Heath should comply with my requisition, I flatter myself, that
whom
bers of
am
I
with the Militia of the County, numsure will join me if we countenance
those by some suitable support, with two thousand men.
I
enemy if
may fall on the rear of the You may easily judge that
General Washington keeps them well employed
the expedient I propose may be successful be strengthened 1 am determined to risk it, the attempt.
" In
patience.
were
in front,
at least, if if
our cunctandos have put
short, sir,
Let
;
I should
me
I
can
fall in
out of
all
me
inlisted last
not forget to tell you that thirty men Sunday into the enemy's service; and can
sir, that two thousand men marched southward would not check the growing mischief? Be pleased, sir, to make my respectful compliments acceptable to Convention; assure them of my readiness to obey all their commands reward the expresses, (I keep no account with the publick;) and believe me to be, sir, with undissembled respect and esteem, yours and the publick's, most devotedly, " JOHN MORIN SCOTT. " To the President of the Honourable Convention, State of
you
think,
from
this
;
On
A
following, viz: "Peekskill,
"Sis: The time
to
November
26, 1776.
which the several regiments of Genengaged expires on Saturday next,
eral Scoffs brigade stand
as
does that part of the garrison at Forts Montgomery
and Constitution, and Colonel Task's regiment of from the State of New Hampshire, which is now
Militia at this
I also post. expect that part of the other troops now here will be ordered to march southward. Should this be the
case, a pass of vast importance, and now enhanced by the loss of Fort Lee and the enemy having the entire possession of the river up to the forts, will, I think, be much exI think it my duty, therefore, to give you this hint ; posed. that if his Excellency General Washington has not wrote to the honourable
Convention on the subject, such measures be as the honourable Convention may adopted may think 1 think that if the several proper. regiments whose time is nearly expired, could be prevailed upon to continue a little it would But of this I greatly promote the service. despair, having been too often convinced that it is hard to
longer,
persuade them; " If any of the before-mentioned troops have received arms, accoutrements, or ammunitions, from the State of NewYork, I submit it to you whether it would not be expedient to appoint some person or persons to receive them from the soldiery.
"
I
have not received any thing
lately from the southward,
either particular or interesting.
"
I am, sir, with respect and esteem, your most obedient and very humble servant, , " W. HEATH.
" Honourable P.
Van
Cortlandt, Esq."
Committed to Mr. Duane, Heath's other Letters.
to
be answered with General
A
326
motion of Mr. Diur,
Resolved, 1st, That the thanks of the Representatives of thisState be given to Brigadier- General Scott (or his patriotick offer of continuing in service for the space of one month without, any pay, in order to stop the ravages of a cruel
enemy. Resolved, That Brigadier-General Scott be authorized and requested to continue in service for the space of one month, and that he be entitled to the same appointments with the other Brigadier-Generals in the Continental service.
Resolved, That the thanks of the Representatives of this State be given to the Officers and Men of General Scott's Regiment for the spirit, alacrity, and perseverance which they have exercised in the defence of their injured and
invaded country. 1 Resolved, That the sum of ,500 be given as a gratuity unto the Non-commissioned Officers and Privates inlisted in
who at present compose General Scott's Brigade and General Scott and the Officers of the New- York Regiments in his Brigade are requested to dispose of the same in such a manner as they shall deem most equitable and this State,
;
advantageous to the publiek interest. Resolved, That the Treasurer of this State transmit the said sum of 1,500 to General Scott, taking his receipt for the same.
Mr. Jay dissenting to the granting and the order for the money. Mr. Robert R. Livingston moved sundry Resolutions relative to obstructing the navigation of Hudson's River, and engaging General Schuyler
in that service.
Ordered, That Mr. Duane, Mr. R. R. Livingston, Mr. Jay, Mr. Platt, and Mr. Robert Yates, be a Committee to consider the proposed Resolutions, and report thereon at five o'clock this afternoon.
5 ho. P. M., November 27th, 1776.
New-York." Letter from General Heath, dated yesterday, and appearing to be wrote in the afternoon, was read in the words
27, 1776.
The Committee met pursuant to adjournment. Present: P Van Cortlandt, Esq., Vice President. Mr. Dunscomb, Mr. Duane NEW- YORK. .
Major Lockwood WESTCHESTER. Mr. A. Yates, Mr. Adgate, Mr. Cuyler, Mr. R. Yates ALBANY. Mr. Newkirk, Mr. Moore TRYON. Mr. W. Smith, Mr. Miller SUFFOLK. Major Webster CHARLOTTE. Mr. Confine ULSTER.
R. R. Livingston,
DUTCHESS.
Esq., Gil. Livingston
Colonel Allison, Mr. Wisner
ORANGE.
A draft of a Letter to Lynde Lord was read of,
and
is
in
the words following
and approved
:
" SIR: Your favour has been
and referred
enemy
to a
laid before the Convention Committee; but the operations of the
at this critical juncture calling for the
and exertions of
this State, there
is
utmost attention it can
no probability that
We
soon be reported or determined upon. therefore have desired the express to return, assuring you that the first opportunity shall be embraced to give you a satisfactory answer. " I am, sir, your most obedient servant. " order."
By
Ordered, That a copy be engrossed, signed by the President, and transmitted.
Mr. Duane, who was appointed for that purpose, reported a draft of a Letter to Colonel Hardenburgh, which was read and approved of, and is in the words following:
"SiR: Your letter of the 23d instant has been Committee of Safety, who have desired me
fore the
laid
be-
to direct
be discharged or leave you, that as soon as the Militia shall the service, you carefully secure all the arms in your battalion belonging to this State, and see them safely delivered You are, for this purpose, to hire and, if not at this place.
Letter from General Schuyler, dated the 19th instant, with respect to iron Stove Doors and Latches, &tc., was
otherwise to be had, to impress boats, if practicable to bring them by water otherwise carriages, the expense of which
read.
shall
Ordered, That Mr. Samuel Patrick be requested to have the Latches and Hinges for the doors of those Stoves made and forwarded with the Stoves.
to give copies of this letter to the commanding officers of such of the battalions as have used any of the
;
be defrayed by
direct
this State.
I
am
further requested to
you
to this State, and also to forward a publick arms belonging
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
327
This
General Scott.
to
copy
officers
tion to all the
"I am, "
"Resolved, That a Letter be immediately written to him of the survey that Major-General Schuyler, informing has been taken of Hudson's River, at Poliple's Island, and himself the superintendence and requesting him to take on direction of such works as he may think necessary, either there or elsewhere, for the security of Hudson's River.
intended as a general direcof such regiments.
is
commanding your most humble
sir,
servant,
order.
By
" Colonel Johannes Hardenbergh."
An
Account of Ebenezer Dayton,
for
Bancker, Esquire, when on
He
exhibited.
therein
his
to
way
charges
on going express
"Ordered, That a copy be engrossed and sent
Gerard Philadelphia, was
last, to
the 12th and 13th days of October
recall
and extraordinary expenses, eighteen shillings. State pay to the Ordered, That the Treasurer of this said Ebenezer Dayton, on his receipt, for his time, services, and all his expenses and disbursements in the premises, the
;
3.
may Ships defence of the River and annoying the enemy on their pasto put the sage up; and requesting that they will be pleased management thereof under the direction of Major-General of the country, and Schuyler, whose abilities, knowledge
Non-Commissioned Officers, Pay-Roll of the Officers, and Privates of Captain Jacob Rutsen De Witt's Company of of Rangers, from the 6th day of October to the 4th day laid before the Comwas both included, November, days
A
the face of the said Roll
On
mittee.
to wit cate, in the words following, " I do oath the on hereby certify,
Committee of the County of just
and
true.
Thereon lowing "
is
is
endorsed a
certifi-
military
I
also endorsed a Certificate, in the
words
is
the subscribers, a Committee this day appointed by Committee of Safety to audit this Pay-Roll, do hereby we have examined the same, and allow the sum certify that 184 16s. to be paid to Jacob R. D. Witt therefor. of " MATTHEW CANTINE, " BENJ'N NEWKIKK.
lands, that in that case he be instructed to write to his
obtain cellency General Washington, and information from him."
to CapOrdered, That the Treasurer of this State pay Andries Rutsen D. Witt, on his receipt, the sum of 184 16s., in full for the pay of his Company from the 6th the 4th instant, both days included. day of October last to
of Rations of Officers,
Non-Commis-
sioned Officers, and Privates, belonging to Captain Jacob
Chairman of
on the oath
I
" November 21st,
in the
words following
Hay, Forage, and Grain on the Farm late in his possession for the support (the said Thomas Barclay) being necessary of the American Army Resolved and Ordered, That William Duer, Esq., be and
Army; that the said Hay, Forage, and Grain, before its removal, be valued and appraised by James Hunter, Dirck Roosa, and James Hoivel, who are the same that hereby appointed and authorized to appraise the price of the said Hay, Forage, and Grain, at its appraisethe use of the Continental
have taken before the
;
1776."
Thereon is endorsed a Certificate " the subscribers,
Thomas Barclay having some months enemy on Nassau Island, and the
hereby authorized to send proper persons to take all the said Farm, except so much as may be necessary for the support of the family and stock to remain on the said Farm, and have the same delivered for
Subsistence Roll
this
said
Hay, Forage, and Grain on the
Committee of the County of Ulster, that J. R. D. WITT. is just and true.
.the
The
since gone over to the
is
:
certify,
of Safety.
:
Company of Rangers, raised and imbodied in the County of Ulster, from the 6th day of October last to the 4th day of November instant, both days included, was laid before the Committee. On the face of said Roll, wit is endorsed a Certificate in the words following, to Witt's
" I do hereby
27th, 1776.
Inventory of personal Estate late belonging to Thomas Barclay, of Ulster County, was produced to the Committee
An
tain
Rutsen D.
Ex-
the necessary
November
26th, 1776."
in lieu
the
in
"Resolved, That if the gentleman appointed to confer with the Generals at Peekskill and North- Castle shall not receive sufficient information with respect to the number of men to be stationed for the defence of the passes in the High-
fol-
:
Pay-Roll,
give him great advantages
will
"Resolved, That a Letter be written to his Excellency General Washington, enclosing the above Resolves, and requesting his concurrence therein.
have taken before the
Ulster, that the Pay-Roll J- R- D. WITT."
the
A
command,
execution thereof.
:
We,
"November
Gen-
"Resolved, That a Letter be written to the honourable the Continental Congress, informing them of the measures that have been pursued for obstructing Hudson's River the suggesting the necessity of more effectually securing the Carpenters posts and passes in the Highlands, employing who are now discharged from the shipping in preparing Firebe thought necessary for the and whatever else
ferriages,
sum of
to
eral Schuyler.
hire of a fresh horse,
for
328
27, 1776.
ment, be deposited in the Treasury of
:
this State, there
to
We, appointed by the Committee of the Subsistence Roll, do hereby certify that audit to Safety we have examined the same, and allow the sum of one hun-
abide the future order of the Convention of Representatives or future Legislature of this State. Resolved and Ordered further, That all the Stock on the
dred and thirty-five pounds sixteen shillings and two pence to be due Captain J. R. D. Witt therefor.
said
"MATTHEW CANTINE, "BENJ'N NEWKIRK.
"November
26, 1776."
Ordered, That the Treasurer of this State pay to Cap135 16s. 2e?., in Jacob Rutzen D. Witt the sum of full for the subsistence of the said Company of Rangers from the 6th day of October last to the 4th day of November
tain
instant, both days included.
The Committee
to
whom was
moved by R. R. Livingston
committed the Resolutions
morning, relative to the obstructing the Hudson's River, reported the same, which was read, agreed to, and approved of, and are in the words following, viz
" Whereas that
this
:
" P. M., November 27th, 1776.
Committee did, on the 26th instant, resolve the navigation of Hudson's River should be obstructed this
near Poleple's Island, at the north entrance of the HighAnd whereas the termination of the northern campaign hath probably given General Schuyler leisure to attend
lands
:
and importance And wherefrom that gentleman's well-known abilities and activity,
to other objects of publick use as,
Farm, except
so
much
Commissioners hereafter
as the
necessary for the support of the overseer, his family, and the slaves on the said Farm, be sold at publick auction, to the best advantage, by James Hunter, Dirck Roosa, and James Howell, who are hereby appointed Commissioners for that purpose, and directed to return to the said
named may judge
of their appraisement and Representatives an inventory account of sales; that the said Commissioners give publick the most publick by advertisements dispersed in manner, of the time and place of such sales, and take care that the moneys thence arising be deposited in the Treas-
notice,
abide the further order of the ury of this State, there to
Convention of Representatives, or future Legislature of
this
State.
Resolved and Ordered, That Overseer of the Farm late present said
Thomas Barclay, continue
Fowler, the
in the possession of the to take care of the said
until the removal and sale Hay, Forage, Grain, and Stock, of the same, and continue his care and charge of the other
Farm until further order of the said property on the said Convention of Representatives, or future Legislature of this State.
:
as well as from the advantages resulting from his military command, there is the greatest reason to believe that the
business of obstructing the navigation of the said River will be successfully carried on and completed under his direction
:
A
draft of a Letter to
General Scott, to enclose the Reso-
passed this forenoon, was read and approved of, and is in the following words, viz: "SiR: I have the pleasure to forward the enclosed resolutions of Congress, which took place in consequence of
lutions
respecting his Brigade
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
329
with the fifteen your favour of the 26th instant, together hundred pounds voted as a gratuity for the non-commissioned The State is highly officers and privates of your brigade. no doubt but the have and of their sensible past services, same virtuous principles which called them forth into the with service of their country, will animate them to persevere I hope, to the end of the campaign. fortitude and courage testimonial which they give of your zeal sir, the honourable critical juncture, will prove acceptin this and patriotism, able. disdirected to add, that frequent advices of the of the campaign, will events the and the of enemy position be singularly useful, as they are necessary to regulate our councils.
" I
"
is this
"
I
River at Pollopel obstructing Hudson's
day concluded upon. am, with great respect,
s
Mand,
your most ob't humble
sir,
servant.
"P.
To "
Be
to pleased to pass your receipt 1,500, and return it by the express.
the Treasurer
Brigadier-General Scott. November 27th, 1776."
Fishkills,
A
:
"Fishkill, 28th November, 1776.
"Sm:
Committee of Agreeable this State, I do myself the honour to transmit the of Safety enclosed resolutions, and to request, if your Excellency should concur with them in sentiment, that you would, by honourable uniting in, add weight to their application to the to the directions of the
the Congress.
"
The enemy have
long manifested an intention to posto which, indeed, its central Past situation very naturally invites them.
sess themselves of this State;
and commanding
experience, with the blessings of
Heaven upon your Excel-
ere now have convinced lency's vigilance and skill, must them that this is impracticable, unless by means of their us to Navy, against which every motive concurs in inducing will easily conceive the reasons Your
Excellency which influenced the Committee to wish that this business may be confided to General Schuyler, whose activity, aided by his knowledge of the country and its resources, together with the leisure afforded him by the retreat of the enemy from the northern frontier, gives him many advantages over so any gentleman in whom those circumstances do not guard.
S.
for the
"
Mr. R. R. Livingston reported a draft of a Letter to General Wash ington ; which was read and approved of, in the words following, viz
am
The
330
28, 1776.
General Heath, commanding
draft of a Letter to
Peekskill, was
at
to enclose certain Resolutions relative to a
were read part of Bradley's Regiment, the words following, that is to say
and approved
of, in
that the happily unite; they cannot therefore but hope whole of the enclosed resolves will meet with your Excel-
:
"Sin:
I
have the honour
resolution respecting a part of Colonel
who
lately
came
have taken the
to
this
Several of the
place.
liberty to advise
with repair to Peekskill,
you the enclosed Bradky's regiment,
to transmit
men as are fit more formal command.
such of
members
one of the Lieutenants his
to
for duty.
We
have I presume he waits for a directed a physician to take care of the sick until your directions are received. This small village is so much crowded calculated for a hospital, and we fear the that it is badly of relieving the sick will be very expensive. present mode "I am, sir, with great respect, yours, fcc.
" General Heath,
Peelcskill."
lency's approbation.
"
unfortunately, they should be deceived in this hope, with your they will, when your Excellency favours them sentiments thereon, endeavour to render them conformable to your wishes. If,
"
"
I
To
have the honour his
to be, &,c.
Excellency General Washington."
A Muster-Roil of a part of Captain John Wisner's Company, from Orange County, in Colonel Nicoll's Regiment, was produced to the Committee for payment of the bounty, and committed to Mr. Newkirk, Mr. Confine, and Mr. Adgate, to audit and report thereon. Pay-List of men belonging to Colonel NicolFs Regiment, who had, through sickness or otherwise, been prevented from joining the Regiment when mustered, was presented,
A
Thursday morning, November
28th, 1776.
The Committee met pursuant to adjournment. Present: Pierre Van Corilandt, Vice President. Mr. Dunscomb, Mr. Roosevelt NEW- YORK. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr.
A. Yates, Mr. Adgate, Mr. R. Yates ALBANY. Milkr, Mr. L'Hommedieu, Mr. Wm. Smith SUFFOLK. Confine
and committed
A ORANGE.
Mr. Robert Yates reported the draft of a Letter to GenSchuykr, which was read and approved of, and is in
eral
:
28th, 1776.
Hudson's River have hitherto proved ineffectual; and the necessity of preventing the enemy's penetrating into the northern part of this State is obvious. The Committee of Safety have taken this matter into consideration, and entered into resolves, of which I have the honour of enclosing you a copy. " They look up to you, sir, for the accomplishment of this work, sensible that your abilities and extensive command will enable you to devise a plan and direct such measures as will speedily effect
for obstructing
it.
" General George Clinton, who has this point much at heart, has made a survey of the river opposite Pollepefs Island, with the soundings, at two different stations: a copy thereof I also herewith enclose to you.
"
"
I
am, very
respectfully, yours, &tc.
Major General Schuyler."
made
for
securing
the following Report:
Your Committee to whom was referred the securing o' the Frigates at Poughkeepsie, report the following Resolves, to be served on Captains Tuder and Lawrence respectively: "
1st.
That they
Montgomery, with
fit
all
their respective ships
Congress and
the despatch possible, with so
much
remove them from Poughkeepsie. " 2d. That they proceed up the river with the first fair wind after the ships are ready, as far as Rondout Kill or Creek, near Esopus Landing, where they are to be wintered,
rigging as
if,
Fishkill,
to
also
"
mittee.
"SiR: The measures pursued
was
Mr. Wisner, from the Committee appointed
Mr. Moore produced the Pay-Roll of Tryon County RanThey are committed to the same Comgers, to be paid.
November
Is. Id.,
the Frigates,
Mr. Duer produced the Pay-Rolls of the Charlotte RanThey are committed to Mr. Newkirk, Mr. gers, to be paid. Confine, and Mr. Adgate, to audit and report on the same.
"
same Detachment, amounting
produced, and committed to the Committee above-mentioned.
Mr. Newkirk, Mr. Moore
the words following
Billeting-Roll of the
18
TRYON. CHARLOTTE. Webster Major WESTCHESTER. Colonel Van Cortlandt
same Committee.
Pay-Roll of a Detachment of the Ninth Regiment of Albany Militia, from the 5th to the 16th days of October last, while employed in hunting Tories in Kinderhook and 84 1 Is. 6Jrf. King's Districts, amounting to
ULSTER.
DUTCHESS. Gil. Livingston Colonel Allison, Mr. Wisner, Mr. Little
to the
A
at
is
necessary to
after carefully
the
carried
"3d.
sounding the depth of the water on the bar find they can be safely
mouth of the creek, they in. If,
upon
strict
examination, there
is
not found water
enough safely to carry the said ships into the creek, then they are to proceed with all the despatch possible, (after -can procure,) to Clavtaking on board the best Pilots they erack Dock, and there secure the ships in the best manner in their
power. "4th. That the quantity of lead in possession of the Convention of this State is so small, that there is none at for any other use than musket-ball. present to be spared " HENRY Chairman."
WISNER,
Resolved, That the Committee of Safety agrees with their Committee in the said Report, and that the same stand confirmed.
A
Elihu Marvin, Chairman of Orange the was read; wherein he repuests the dated 18th, County, Letter from
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER of the Committee as to what they shall do with Thorp and one .Murrie, who have altered Congress money hills, one of whom, Thorp, is in jail at Goshen. Ordered, That the consideration thereol be deferred.
332
28, 1776.
experience of Captain Ilazelivood.
But
direction
the advice and
Cornelius
the great length of the chain, being upwards of eighteen hundred feet, the bulk of the logs which were necessary lo support it, the immense weight of water which it accumu-
Resolved, That the Committee appointed to report the frame of a Constitution and Government for this Slate meet
every afternoon at four o'clock.
tin' rapidity of ihe tide, have baffled all our separated twice after holding only a few hours, A ; and we have too much reason to despair of its ever fully answering the important purpose for which it was con-
and
lated,
efforts.
Il
A like disappointment we are informed happened Portsmouth; the chain intended to obstruct the navigation of that h ii-bour proved equally ineffectual. "These considerations have induced us to explore the depth of the river throughout ihe Highlands, in which a Committee of Convention have been assisted by General George Clinton. The distance and depth of water at the north entrance, which on ihis experiment is found to be the
slructed.
Die Jovis, 4 ho. P. M., November 28th, 1776.
The Committee
at
of Safely met.
Van Cortlandt, Esq., Vice President. Mr. Dunne, Mr. R. Harper, Mr. Dunscomb-. NEW- YORK. Mr. G. Livingston DUTCHESS. Mr. A. Yates, Mr. Adgate, Mr. R. Yates, Mr. Cuyler ALBANY. WESTCHF.STEK. Colonel Van Cortlandt Mr. Miller, Mr. W. Smith, Mr. L'Hommedieu SUFFOLK. ORANGE. Colonel Allison, Mr. Wisner, Mr. Little Mr. Confine ULSTER. Mr. Newkirk, Mr. Moore THYON. Present
:
Pierre
Major Webster CHARLOTTE. The Committee to whom were referred the Mnster-Roll of and the Roll of other men Captain John Wisntr's Company, belonging to different Companies in Colonel Nicoll's Regiment, who had nol received iheir whole bounty, reported a stated accounl of ihe bounly of the whole Regiment, with a Certificate endorsed thereon in the words following, to wit: "
Your Committee appointed
this
day
to audit the several
Muster-Rolls of Colonel Isaac Nicoll, do certify that the sum of one hundred and eight Pounds is a balance due to the said Colonel Nicoll, for the bounty of his Regiment, within Account. agreeable to the
"MATTHEW
CANTINE,
"MAT. ADGATE, " November 28th, 1776."
that the sum of fortysum of sixteen hundred Pounds adCommittee of Orange County to pay
The said Committee further reported,
the
first
moiety of ihe bounly of lhal Regimenl, remains
in
Chairman and Depuly Chairman of ihe Counly Committee of Orange County, or one of them, un-
the hands of ihe
in the opinion of the Committee, ought appropriated, which, to be paid to Captain Nicoll, as part of the money due to him for the balance of ihe bounty due lo his Regiment.
Ordered, That ihe Treasurer of ihis State pay to Colonel Nicoll the sum of sixty-four Pounds, for the bounty of his Regiment, taking Colonel Nicoll's receipt for the same. And Ordered, That the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Commitlee of Orange Counly, or one of them, to Colonel Isaac Nicoll the said sum of forty -four
pay Pounds, in full for the bounty due to his Regiment. Mr. Duane reported the draft of a Letter to John Hancock, Esq., President of the Continental Congress, which was read and approved of, in the words following, lo wit: " In Committee of Safety
for the State of
Fishkil!,
" SIR:
I
November
New-York,
28th, 1776.
)
J
have the honour to enclose you resolutions of ihe
Committee of Safety respecting the more
effectual obstruc-
No
object appears to them of more either the safety of this State, importance when they consider the supply of the Continenlal Army, or ihe preservalion of the communication between the Southern and Eastern
tion of
States.
Hudson's River.
Experience has evinced, that
if
the navigation had
been rendered impassable opposile lo Fort Washington, il must have been atlended wilh infinite advantage; among which, even ihe security of the garrison and military stores at that fort is not the most considerable indeed, it is no to suppose, that after the fruitless attempt of the presumption British Army to penetrate the country through the WhilePlains, they must have, closed ihe campaign, al leasl in ibis with disappointment and disgrace. Their success in quarter, reducing the fort revived their spirits; and the evacuation of Fort Lee, in consequence of it, opened a passage for them ;
into the defenceless parts of New- Jersey. " In projecting the obstruction between
conceived will be very practicable. TheConvenlion wish, on accounl of General Washington's distance from the place, and the multiplicity of business with which he is encumbered, that ihe direclion of ihis work may be committed to
who we believe every way qualified Timber and stones can be conveand when the campaign terminates the
Major-General Schuyler, to
insure
its
success.
niently procured, troops cantoned in ihis part of the counlry may be employed in rotalion to assisl in the work. But no time is to be lost in
preparing the materials, and we shall wail with anxiely determination of ihe honourable Congress on a sub-
for ihe
jecl which, in the opinion of ihe moment to the United States.
Commiltee,
is
of the utmost
"
If the enemy persevere in their plan of subjugaling these Stales lo the yoke of Great Britain, they must, in proportion to their knowledge of the country, be more and
more convinced of ihe necessity of their becoming masters of the Hudson's River, which will give them the entire command of the water communication with the. Indian na-
" BENJ'N NEWKIRK.
four Pounds, part of a vanced to ihe County
It is place, will be seen by the enclosed plan B. proposed, with the approbation of ihe honourable Congress, lo obstruct the navigation of this part by cassoons, which it is
fittest
Anthony's Nose, on the eastern shore, ami Fort Montgomery, we endeavoured to avail ourselves of the model of that which had in the river Delaware, and were assisted by proved e.ffectual
prevent all intercourse between ihe Eastern and Southern Confederaies, divide our strength, and enfeeble every effort for our common preservation and security. That this was their original plan, and thai General Carleton, and General Howe fluttered ihemselves with the delusive hopes of uniling iheir forces at Albany, every intelligence contions, effectually
And
firms.
appears to ihe Committee that they will not
it
give up this grand object until ihey shall finally relinquish ihe projecl of enslaving America.
"
The Commillee
tions to the
lake ihe liberty to submit these reflecIf they are well founded,
honourable Congress.
an early and vigorous preparation to oppose the progress of the enemy in this quarter must be indispensable, and ihe defence and securily of Hudson's River a principal object of lhal preparation. " are informed lhal
We
States are pursuing the
some merchants in the Easlern scheme of transporting flaxseed to
be shipped, as is apprehended, from thence to it is necessary to make Great Britain feel the distresses of the war by obstructing the manufaciure of linen, ibis project will demand ihe attention of Congress and in
France,
Ireland.
to
If
;
the opinion of this Commitlee, nothing less iban the entire prohibition of ihe exporialion of flaxseed will afford an ade-
Another very important advantage must quate remedy. from such a measure il will encourage ihe linen manufactory in the States, to which, of all others, they are the
arise
:
most competent. "
However
have
severe the sudden reverse of fortune which
however melancholy the
we
of our metropolis, sea-coast, and four of our Counties, and the aspect of thai part of our State which has been plundered and desolated by a retreating enemy, barbarous beyond all lately experienced
;
loss
description; and however great the number of our ruined friends who are left naked and destitute in an inclement
season, and a country without affording them
commerce
or the
means of
have the satisfaction to assure you that the fortitude of this Stale, and their zeal for ihe glorious cause in which we are engaged, is not abaled; on ihe contrary, we are prepared to meet even severer misfortunes clothing, 1
of firmness becoming the generous advocales Unhappy am I lo add, dial amid.sl all our sufihe prolection of America ferings the Army employed for have not refrained from embittering even the calamities of with a
spirit for liberty.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, NOVEMBER
333
when
the utmost resources of tliis State wants, and the members of Convention personally submitted to the labour and fatigue which were necessary on a sudden emergency; and alter frequent losses of provisions and barracks, to supply too numerous
war.
were
At
laid
a
lime
open
lo their
armies, augmented by the Militia, with every aiticle which they required, the Com:t-Hou*e and the remains ol the village
of White- Plains, which had been spared on the retreat of our forces, were, even after the enemy had in their turn retired, wantonly destroyed without the orders and to the infinite regret of our uorthy General ; besides, in spite of all his Excellency's efforts, wherever our troops have marched or been stationed, they have done infinite damage to the possessions and farms, and pilfered the property ol the peoI am directed, sir, to submit it to the honourable ple.*
some
remedy ought not to be provided against such disorderly and disgraceful proceedThe soldier who plunders the country he is employed ings. to protect, is' no better than a robber, and ought to be Coflgress. whether
without any necessity or his General's permission, set fire to the Court-House at the White-Plains : he is guilty of the crime of arson, and if he cannot be punished by the articles of war, ought to be given up to the laws of the land. If so glaring a violation of every sentiment of humanity should be passed over in silence if the Army is not seasonably ;
restrained from such acts of barbarity, the consequence
DUTCHESS County,
must
I
"
"
v
order: " PIERRE
By
To
VAN CORTLANDT,
Manor
of Philipse, near the White-Plains, in the County of Westchester, and State of New- York, Farmer, of full age, being aworn on the Holy Evangelism of Almighty God, deposeth and saith: That from the beginning of the present struggles he hath been a zealous and activefriend to the American cause; that he has a son who hath borne arms in defence of the country in Captain Townsend's company; that after the enemy's army had penetrated into the County of Westchester, to wit, on or about the 28th of October last, thisdeponent, being at home, saw a considerable body of troops at a distance, advancing on their way towards his house, and form about three-quarters of a mile therefrom that he took those troops to be part of the enemy's army, and therefore fled from his.house; that in the night of the same day he, this deponent, returned to his house, and found it plundered, or almost all the effects he had left in it carried away; that before his return he had discovered the troops above-mentioned were of the American Army, namely, Colonel Brewer's regiment of Massachusetts, and Colonel Webb's of Connecticut, troops; that the next day he went to Colonel Webb, and complained to him of his having been robbed, as aforesaid, by his men; that Colonel Webb told him that if his men had taken any of his things, they should be retained to him, and gave verbal orders to the officers and soldiers about him to deliver to the deponent such of his goods as they might have taken from him, and told the deponent to go and look among them to see if he could find any of his goods: the deponent accordingly went, and soon discovered some of his beds and blankets, which he took; that he also found some linen hid under a fence in the encampment, that he complained also to Major Bacon, of Colonel Brewer's regiment, who gave orders that the deponent should search for his goods among his men, which he accordingly did, and found sundry of his goods upon ;
them; that this deponent was engaged two days in looking for his goods as aforesaid; that the said regiments then marched to North-Castle, find this deponent, having regained but few of his effects, followed the said regiments to that place; that on his way thither, lie met Colonel Brewer, then on his way going to Peekskill; tiiat he made known his complaint aforesaid to him; that Colonel Brewer declined saying much about the matter, and went his way; that when the deponent came to North-Castle he again saw Major Bacon; that Major Bacon told the deponent (privately) that a thorough search should be made for his goods as well among the officers as among the soldiers, and that his chest should be first searched; that the deponent accordingly searched the Major's chest and baggage, without finding any of his effects; that the Captains HUtiard and Gale, both of Colonel Brewer's regiment, went with this deponent and Marmaduke Forster (who had also been plundered) to a room in which there were a number of chests and baggage belonging to the regiment; that they examined the said chests and baggage, and found considerable of their things; that they found a pillow belonging to the deponent in the chest of Captain Gale; that on the same day this deponent discovered on a baggage cart a green rug which he took to be his, and challenged it in the presence of Major Bacon; that the deponent called has taken this? that some of the soldiers said, it belongs to out, Major Bacon; that Major Bacon thereupon said it had been thrown into Colonel Brewer's tent with a bed, and that he and the Colonel had lain two nights upon it; that the next day the deponent went to the encampment of Captain Shaddock's company, of Colonel Brewer's regiment; that they complained of their treatment as aforesaid to Captain Shaddock; that Captain Shaddock paraded his men, and caused their baggage to be searched; that the deponent there found a considerable quantity of their effects; that among other things he found a quantity of tow cloth, which they had divided among them. And this deponent further saith, that
Who
the goods and articles mentioned in the list subjoined to this affidavit, and which he verily believes were taken from his house' at the time and the are still regiments aforesaid, by missing, and that the prices affixed to them respectively do not exceed their true value. And this deponent saith that he hath often hospitably and kindly entertained many of the American officers and soldiers, as well of those regiments as of many others, and hath on all occasions endeavoured to promote the service of the American cause. And this deponent further saith that divers of the inhabitants of the country about this deponent have also been cruelly plundered by the American troops, and particularly that he saw in the of some of Ford's of Colonel limner's regiment, possession men, Captain bed curtains, which they confessed they had taken out of the house of Tolmon Pugsley, and that Captain Ford confessed to this deponent that
Vice President.
Con-
the Honourable John Hancock, President of the gress of the United States."
Mr. Duane produced the draft of a Letter to MajorGeneral Heath ; which was read and approved of, in the words following, viz :
" P. M., November 28th, 1776.
"Sin: The Convention
of this State, impressed with a sense of your politeness and attention to them, have directed me in the strongest terms to return their thanks for your several favours
the intelligence communicated, the anxiety better security of this State, and the
for the
you express success of our
common cause, by obstructing Hudson's River and preserving the important communication between the Eastern and Southern Governments. " We have taken into consideration the plan suggested by Brigadier-General Clinton, for obstructing the river opposite Pollepel's Island; and conceiving it to be practicable, we are determined, with the permission of Congress, to proceed
to
And further this
he had got sundry things out of that house.
ss:
John Marline, of the
334
be fatal to the cause of a people whose exalted glory it is to be advocates for the rights of mankind against the tyranny and oppression of lawless power. " The resolutions which the Committee of Safety have passed upon this subject are herewith transmitted. " have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, our most obedient and very humble servant.
effectual
treated accordingly ; and a severe example ought, in the opinion of the Committee, to be made of the officer who,
H76.
28,
saith not.
Sworn
the 13th November, 1776.
A
copy of the
true
deponent
JOHN MARLINE.
.
Before me, PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT,
original.
V. President.
Examined by
ROBERT BENSON,
A
Memorandum of Goods 28,
hoe
ed together, be enclosed, sealed up, and certified by the President to have been sealed up in Convention, without having been
:
Fishkill,
1776.
Ordered, That the several Letters following, to wit: a Letter from Governour Tryon to William Smith, Esq.; a Letter from Mi's. Plenderleath to the same; a Letter from the same person to Mrs. Smith; a Letter from H. W. to William Smith, Esq.; a Letter from Mrs. Pknderkath to Mrs. Smith ; a Letter from the same person to William Smith,
A A
A
11,
in fitting
the ships ; nor do we conceive that any other agent salT l ' lan those already employed, as the business
is
out
neces-
is by no means so extensive as it was. You may agree with Mr. Hendricks to visit the stores once a day.
We
again repeat to you that it is essentially necessary of the State that the ships be fitted for service by the spring. " The Convention wish to know why the cables and an-
for the security
chors ordered to General Clinton have not yet been sent.
"Resolved, That Mr.
De
Queshe be directed
to repair to
Poughkeepsie, to assist in preparing the rigging of the tinental ships at that place, and that he be allowed the
Consame
wages as Mr. hers. " &tc. Yours,
"
Captain Samuel Tudor."
Ordered, That
a
,
copy thereof be signed by the
Chairman
and transmitted. Ordered, That Mr. Robert Harper, Mr. William Harper, Mr. Wisncr, be a Committee for the Major Lockwood, and General of George Clinton with Ammufurnishing purpose for the use of his Brigade. nition, and other necessaries,
Mr. Wisner moved and was seconded, Resolutions
:
for the
following
NEW-YORK CONVENTION, DECEMBER
371
Resolved, That such of the Deputies of this State as, by reason of the enemy's progress, cannot have access to the Committees of their respective Counties, be authorized and
empowered, and they are hereby authorized and empowered, to draw upon and receive from the Treasurer of this State sucli sums of money as have been severally allowed to the Representatives of this State, for their attendance in the Convention of the same, and the Treasurer take receipts for, and place such sums to the debits of such Counties whose
members
shall receive the
same.
Ordered, That the subject-matter of the said motion be Mr. Moore, Colonel Williams, Mr. Adgate, and
referred to
Mr. Ray.
A
Certificate, signed by General James Clinton and others, certifying the manner in which the Chain intended to
obstruct Hudson's River broke, from which it appears the fault is not in the smith's work, was referred to the Committee formerly appointed to examine and fix the Chain.
The
12th, 1776.
Brigadier-General George Clinton" Ordered, That a copy thereof be signed by the Chair-
man, and transmitted. Convention will allow unto Samuel and publishing in a weekly newspaper such acts and publications as they, or this Convention, or future Legislature of this State, shall direct, and which shall fall within the compass of such newspaper, after the rate of 200 per annum, in quarterly payments; and that the first quarterly payment commence and be advanced to him on his publishing his first newspaper; and that salary be payResolved, That
London,
drawn by the President of the Convention, be continued for one year, provided the said paper shall so long be regularly published. able by warrants to
across the said
Committee of Westchester
that Rogers, with his Rangers,
be drove off, &.C., was read and filed. Ordered, That the said Petition be referred to Mr. R. R. Livingston, Major Lockwood, General Morris, and Mr. Morris.
may
Excellency General Washington, he immediately repair with under his command to this State, in order to oppose the ravages of the enemy in the County of Westchester. his troops
A
draft of a Letter to
approved
appointed to credit the Pay-Rolls of Tryon County Rangers, delivered in their Report ; which was read, amended, and agreed to. Mr. Yales, the Chairman of the Government Committee, report this day
eight days.
County of Queen's, are willing to give their attendance, if this House will receive them, notwithstanding the said County is in possession of the enemy: Ordered, That the Secretary write Letters to these gen-
the
tlemen, requesting their attendance as
Members
for the said
County. to
whom was
referred the Petition of the
General Committee of Westchester County, read this day, reported the draft of a Letter to General George Clinton; which was approved of, and is in the words following, viz :
"Sin: The
Convention, on the application of the inhabitants of Westchester County, who complain of inroads made upon them by a party of Rangers under the command of Major Rodgers, have come to a resolution to despatch Colonels Malcom and Thomas, with their regiments, who
and
is
in
Colonel Livingston was read and
the words following, viz: Fiehkill, llth
"[Secret.]
made
It is
apprehended
December, 1776.
that a successful attack
may be
if not solely, principally, s Rangers, as are now ravaging without of consisting Rogers' restraint or remorse the suffering inhabitants of the County
against such of the
of Westchester. in
enemy
am therefore directed to request you, if consistent with your instructions from his
I
any way to repair to Excellency General Washington, immediately this State with the troops under your command, in order to for this cooperate with the forces which are imbodying I need not add, that no time is to be lost, as the expedition. is
it
a favourable operations of the enemy in New-Jersey give which we and sudden for a vigorous enterprise, opening will be of long continuance. have no reason to
"I am, "
sir,
By
expect your most obedient, humble servant.
order,
&c."
Ordered, That a copy thereof be signed by the Chairman, and transmitted. the
Ordered, That Mr. Moore and Mr. Little be added to Committee appointed on the 12th ultimo for taking care
of the Poor to
Mr. Wisner informed the House that it has been represented to him that Colonel Blackwell and Major Jonathan Lawrence, Members of the Convention of this State for
The Committee
of,
" SIR:
The Committee
Mr. Yates requested that Mr. McKesson be directed attend the Committee to copy said Report.
according to their agreement with
Resolved, That the Chairman of this Committee write a Letter to Colonel Henry B. Livingston, requesting him, that if it shall be consistent with his instructions from his
Ordered, That the Treasurer of this State advance to Stephen Ward, Esq., the sum of 600, on account of Hides by him purchased for the use of this State.
will
river,
them.
;
gave notice that the said Committee
this
for printing
;
Stephen Ward, Esq., Agent for the purpose of purchasing Hides; and that Mr. Isaac Van Wyck be and he is hereby appointed to receive, take charge of, and preserve all such Hides as Mr. Ward shall from time to time send to Fishand that Major Terboss and Mr. Van Wyck kill by land shall be allowed a reasonable compensation for their trouble and expense in executing this Resolution.
for relief;
To
to whom the Certificate of General Jama and others, relative to the Chain, which was received and read yesterday, was referred, delivered in their Report which was read and approved. Thereupon, Resolved, That the Committee to obstruct the navigation of the Hudson River be directed to pay the Blacksmiths who made the Chain which was lately drawn
Resolved, That Major Terboss be and is hereby appointed to receive and take charge of and preserve all such Hides as shall from time to time be sent to Fishkill Landing by
Petition of the General
"
Clinton
Mr. Rutgers, Mr. Dunne, Mr. Dunscomb NEW-YORK. ALBANY. Mr. Abraham Yates, Mr. Adgate Mr. Smith, Mr. Miller SUFFOLK. Colonel De Witt, Major Tappen, Mr. Cantine, Mr. Rhea ULSTER. Mr. Wisner, Mr. Little ORANGE. Major London, Mr. G. Livingston DITTCHESS. Major Lockwood, General Morris WEST-CHESTER. Mr. Moore, Mr. Harper, Mr. Newkirk TRYON. Mr. Webster CHARLOTTE. Mr. Sessions CUMBERLAND.
The
diately to give the necessary orders. " I am, sir, &ic.
The Committee
Present: Matthew Cantine, Esq., Chairman.
County, praying
be joined by some of the Militia of Westchester County, and three companies of Rangers, in order to fall upon the troops of the enemy, and remove the stock and grain from the said County. You will be pleased, therefore, immewill
and
Thursday morning, December met. Convention
372
1776.
12,
An
in this State.
account of Rations furnished to the Prisoners of
War
to one hundred lately stationed at Poundridge, amounting and seven Dollars and thirty-four-ninetielhs of a Dollar, comDollar per ration, was read. puted at eight-ninetieths of a of thirteen Dollars and fourThereto is annexed a
charge
Reerdor and Ccesar and of two Dollars and twenty-two-ninetieths for Freeman, Medicine and attendance by Doctor Benjamin Miller; which last charges, for taking care of the sick and for medias cines, the Secretaries of the Convention alleged they, ninetieths for taking care of Jeremiah
Commissaries, are not authorized to discharge without the order of this Committee of Safety. Ordered, That the Secretaries, or any one of them, disat the charge the said account for Medicine and attendance, same time that they discharge the account of Rations, and the same in and with the said account.
charge
of
Safety Major Lockwood informed the Committee he had paid three Dollars to the Messenger he sent lately with intelligence to this Committee. Ordered, That Mr. McKesson, one of the Secretaries,
that
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
373
pay the said three Dollars to Major Lockwood, and charge same to this Committee.
the
The Covenant Grants, held
of the Convention of the New-Hampshire Dorset on the 2oth of September last, was
at
read.
Extracts from the Minutes of the said Convention held at Dorset, were also read. Ordered, That they be committed to the Committee to whom was referred the Letter from the Committee of Cumberland County, dated the 2 1st day of July last. of Mr. Duane and the Members of CumAmi on request
berland,
Ordered, That they be and are hereby discharged from Committee but that on request, they attend the said
that
;
Committee to give them information of the temper of the inhabitants of Charlotte, Cumberland, and Gloucester Coundisties, or any other matter proposed to the gentlemen charged from the Committee. Friday morning, December 13th, 1776.
The Committee met
pursuant to adjournment.
Present: Matthew Cantine, Esq., Chairman. Mr. Duane, Mr. Dunscomb, Mr. Rutgers, Mr. Roosevelt, For NEW- YORK. General Scott, Mr. Rob't Harper Mr. Adgate, Mr. Abraham Yates ALBANY. Mr. Smith, Mr. Miller SUFFOLK. Colonel De Witt, Mr. Cantine, Mr. Tappen. Mr. Ray, GenULSTER. eral George Clinton Mr. London, Mr. R. R. Livingston, Mr. G. Livingstorf
DCTCHESS. Mr. Little, Mr. Wisner ORANGE. Colonel Drake, Major Lockwood, Mr. Morris, General Morris WEST/CHESTER. Mr. Moore, Mr. Newkirk, Mr. Harper TRYON. CHARLOTTE. Colonel Williams, Mr. Webster, Mr. Duer Mr. Sessions CUMBERLAND. Mr. Duer, one of the Committee appointed on the instant, to go to New- Windsor and concert measures with General George Clinton relative to calling out the Militia of Orange and Ulster Counties to join General Gates or General Lee, reported a Letter which he had wrote to GenThe said Letter is dated at Dolson's Tavern, eral Gates. December 9th, and is as follows, viz :
"SiR: Since
the resolutions which are referred to and
the above letter were agreed to, General Clinton were myself requested by the Committee to proceed to
enclosed
and
in
Goshen, where ,
we
understood you were expected this know the routes which the troops under
order to
in
your command
propose taking, and confer with you on other matters which are the object of these resolutions. I arn
we
sorry
are not fortunate
from the intelligence
Camp,
to
enough
meet with you, but
we have
received from your Aid-deMajor Pierce, and from the route General Lee has
AND ORDERS IN COUNCIL, OF MASSACHUSETTS.
PETITIONS, RESOLVES,
PETITION OF
To
THE SELECTMEN OF THE TOWN OF CONCORD. and House of RepresentaMASSACHUSETTS-BAY, NEW-
the honourable the Council
tives
of
the
ENGLAND The
State
of
the
:
Petition of the Selectmen of the Town O/CONCORD, in behalf of said Town, humbly showeth:
That whereas, in the month of December, 1775, the honourable House of Representatives resolved to recommend to the town of Concord to send daily to the camp at Cambridge three cords of
Army, and appointed
wood a
for the
use of the Continental
Committee
to see
the execution
thereof; said Committee writing to us as Selectmen of said in the most pressing terms possible, setting forth the distresses that must and would ensue on our not exerting
town,
ourselves in that
business,
we
thereupon endeavoured to
the utmost of our power to comply with the said resolve, but could not. by reason that we in the town of Concord living
at
such a distance from the place
the
wood was
OCTOBER
&c.,
9,
1776.
374
we find that the intention of General Washington, and not to form a separate army, in order to fall on the enemy's rear. In compliance therefore with his orders, General Clinton will be under the necessity of conforming himself to the object specified in the resolution marked No. 7, unless he should learn from General Lee or yourself that your intentions are to form another army on the rear of the enemy. " For this purpose he desires me to inform you that he will immediately order his troops to rendezvous at the place called the City, near in Orange , County, at the parting of the roads which lead to Tappan and Pyramus, when he will be ready to obey your orders as far as they are taken through both your armies
,
is
to join
consistent with the object of the enclosed resolutions. The force he will have with him will consist of about fifteen hun-
dred men. " the
By
is
latest
account
we
hear that General Washington
daily receiving strong reinforcements from the Militia of
Jersey and Pennsylvania; in consequence of which he may probably be induced to form an army for the purpose of
he made acquainted hanging on the enemy in rear. with the measures pursued by the Convention of the State of New- York. " I have therefore to request the favour of you to have copies of the Committee's letter to you, of the enclosed
by express to his ExMajor-General Lee, in order that they may pursue such measures as they shall judge best calculated for the general good. "I am, sir, with great respect, your obedient humble , servant. " WM. DUER. resolutions, transmitted immediately cellency General Washington and to
^
"
Major-General Gates. " Dolson's Tavern, December 9th, 1776
ten o'clock at night."
The
Resolutions of yesterday, relative to the Westchester expedition, after some time spent thereon, were recommitted to the same Committee, and to General Scott and Colonel
Drake. General George Clinton informed the Committee that General Schuyler has, by letter, informed him that he had directed the Committee of Albany to forward Timber, Boards, and Tar, for the obstruction of Hudson River. The
Committee are
further well informed, that
Logs
sufficient
purpose are easily obtained near the place of obstruction, and, from experiments already made, at a much cheaper rate than they can be procured from Albany, and perhaps cheaper than even the transportation from thence. Ordered, That a Letter be written to Major-General for that
Schuyler, requesting him to countermand procuring the Logs to direct the Boards and Tar to be
he has ordered, but forwarded.
Whereas Arms are necessary
to
be lent to the ordered
into present service [The remainder of the Proceedings are wanting.]
to, the greater part of our wood in said town being eighteen or twenty miles from the camp, and at that time
destined
extreme bad travelling, that our people thought it very hard they must be obliged to cart their wood so far in such extreme weather and travelling, and have (as was the price the publick then gave) but twelve shillings half cord, being then reputed a sufficient load for a team of three or four good We therefore immediately called the town together, cattle. to see what further method the town would take to provide the Army with wood, as requested by said Committee.
The
town,
when assembled,
not considering their
own
par-
ticular profits, but the safety and welfare of the country, granted to all those who would exert themselves in convey-
ing
wood
use of the
camp at Cambridge or Winter-Hill for the Army, twelve shillings per cord over and above
to the
was given by the Continent for wood, for six weeks then next to come from the first of January last, each man to produce a certificate from the Commissary of the number of feet in each load he should so carry; which was that
complied
with.
The number of cords thus conveyed to Cambridge and Winter-Hill by the inhabitants of said town of Concord
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
375
within said space of time, as appeared by said certificates, was two hundred and nine cords two feet and a h;ilf, which
amounts at twelve shillings per cord, to one hundred and twenty-five pounds eleven shillings and nine pence, for which the town of Concord has been assessed. in behalf of said town of therefore, your
We
petitioners,
Concord, humbly pray your Honours to take the above just relaikm into your wise and impartial consideration; and, if it can be judged reasonable and equitable, to refund to the town of Concord the above-mentioned sums of money they thus publick good, or any part thereof, as you in your great wisdom shall see meet. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
expended
for the
order of the Selectmen
By
&c.,
OCTOBER
EPH'M WOOD,
Jun., Town-Clerk.
1776.
America in general, but more particularly against a large fleet of transports expected daily upon the American coast from Cork; but for want of a few small carriage-guns, which they are not able at present to purchase, ilieir attempts be
will
much
retarded,
if
not altogether frustrated.
Encouraged by that indulgence which this honourable Council has ever shown to the smallest efforts of individuals against the common enemy, your petitioners humbly pray that your Honours would grant them the loan of, or sell them, the purposes aforesaid, lour three-pound cannon, taken armed schooner Diligent, and now lying on the Long
for
in the
Wharf
in
Boston, on such terms and conditions as to your
Honours may seem
fit.
petitioners, as in
duty bound, shall ever pray.
CHARLES SIGOUKNEY, WILLIAM FOSTER.
/
Concord, October the 8th, 1776.
Please to pay to Captain Joseph Hosmer the sum allowed, and you will oblige your humble servants. By order of the Selectmen EPH'M WOOD, Jun., Town-Clerk.
376
States of
And your
:
9,
9, 1776: Read and sent down. JOHN AVERY, Deputy Secretary.
IN COUNCIL, October
:
Concord, October the 9th, 1776.
To the Selectmen of CONCORD GENTLEMEN The House of
:
Representatives have rebe recommended to your town to send daily to the camp at Cambridge three cords of wood, and have appointed a Committee to see that this resolve be fully We therefore earnestly request that you will use executed. utmost endeavours that this resolve be complied with your by your town, and if there be any deficiency, that you give immediate notice thereof to Mr. Devens, Chairman of the Committee of this Court for supplying wood, &,c., at Waterlown.
The Committee on
Your own safety and the welfare of your country depend on your exertions in this business. The distresses that would ensue to this country from a failure we will not attempt to undone
they are beyond description; in short,
we
are
!
SAMUEL PHILLIPS, Per order of the Committee.
PETITION OF JOHN CLARK. To the honourable Council and House of Representatives of the Slate O/MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in General Court assembled, OCTOBER, 1776: The Petition of JOHN CLARK, of Hadley, in said State, humbly shoiveth:
That your
petitioner, being in the service of the United having risked his all in their defence against their
States, and cruel and unnatural enemies,
marched under the command of (now) Brigadier-General Arnold, amidst great fatigues and many hardships, through the wilderness to Quebeck, where, on the 31st day of December last past, he was (with others) taken prisoner in an attempt to storm the city, under the command of the late brave General Montgomery, by which means he had the misfortune to lose a gun (called " King's Arms") with a bayonet, valued at twelve dollars, and a new scarlet coat, valued at eight dollars, and a beaver hat, about half worn,Talued at two and half dollars, besides
many
other articles not here mentioned.
Your
petitioner,
therefore, prays allowance may be made him for the above articles, and that such measures may be taken for his relief as by your Honours shall be judged best.
And
beg leave to
order.
it
i
delineate;
within Petition
SAMUEL WHITTEMORE, per
:
solved that
the
report, as their opinion, that the guns petitioned for are not the property of this State, and that the petitioners have liberty to withdraw their Petition.
as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
JOHN CLARK.
PETITION OF COMMITTEE OF NEWBUHYPORT. In Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety, JVewburyport, 3d October, 1776.
.
To
) )
of the State of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: PLEASE YOUR HONOURS The bearer, Captain
the honourable the Council
MAY
IT
:
the brigantine Necessity, was sent into this port the 27th ultimo by the privateer Hancock, Captain Wingate Newman, of Philadelphia. The owners of the
George Evans,
in
privateer have discharged Captain
Evans and his brigantine. was bound from Bermudas to Liverpool, in Nova-Scotia, loaded with two thousand bushels of salt, five hogsheads of molasses, and twenty barrels of limes; he was from thence
He
to carry lumber, masts, &z,c., to Bermuda. His vessel, by the register, appears to have been condemned in an Admiralty Court at Bermuda last March, and is here reported
Mr. Beveridge, of Philadelphia. Now we beg Honours' direction whether said Captain Evans shall your here unload and sell his cargo, and whether he shall be permitted afterwards to load with any thing that may be shipped from hence to foreign parts; also, whether your Honours think it proper Mr. Beveridge should be informed of the vessel's being here brought in, and whether you will to belong to
order your Secretary to give this information, or leave it to this Committee to do. Your answer by the return of Captain Evans will be punctually attended to, by your Honours' very obedient servant. In behalf and per order of the Committee, JACOB BOARDMAN, Chairman P. T.
IN COUNCIL, October 8, 1776. Read, and thereupon Ordered, That Benjamin Austin and Henry Gardner, Esqs., be a Committee to take the above Petition into consideration,
and
report.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
The Committee appointed to consider the Petition of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety of Newburyport, respecting the Brigantine Necessity, Captain Evans, have considered the same, and beg leave to report :
HAMPSHIRE ss., HADLEY, October 9, 1776 Then Lieutenant John Clark made oath tion
above written, and that he
mentioned. Test:
lost
to the declara-
the articles
therein
E. PORTER, Justice Peace.
PETITION OF WILLIAM FOSTER AND CHARLES SIGOURNEY. State
To
State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council Chamber, October 9th, 1776.
:
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY:
the honourable the Council
)
}
Ordered, That Captain George Evans, of the Brigantine Necessity, of the Island of Bermuda, sent into Newburyport
by the Privateer Brigantine Hancock, Captain fVingate Newman, of Philadelphia, be and he, the said Evans, is hereby permitted to dispose of his cargo of Salt, Molasses, and Limes, in this State, (the owners of the said privateer having discharged her,) and that the said Evans be allowed
of said State, the Petition to load the said Brigantine Necessity with such articles of WILLIAM FOSTER and CHARLES SIGOURNEY, in behalf within this State, and for such ports, as are not forbid by of themselves and the Owners of the armed Sloop OLIVER any act or resolve of the honourable Congress or this State. CROMWELL, humbly shows: And that the Committee of Safety, &c., inform Mr. BeverThat they have, at a great expense and trouble, been idge of the resolve of this Board respecting the said Brig-
preparing
said
sloop for a cruise against the enemies of the
antine.
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
377
9,
378
1776.
;
Chamber,
October 9th, 1776.
) $
Ordered, That the Commissary-General be and he hereby is directed to send by water to Salem, to the Honourable Richard Derby, Jun., Esq., ten bolts Duck and one four-
Maspounder Cannon, for the use of the armed Brigantine commander. Daniel Souther sachusetts,
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
OCTOBER
by sixty men has on board as provisions twenty barrels pork, twenty do. beef, and five thousand weight of bread. Said sloop is designed to cruise against the enemies of these
ORDER TO THE COMMISSARY-GENERAL. State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
fcc.,
United States.
The
;
;
Master.
Your
humbly request your petitioners would to commission the said sloop and commander for And your petitioners, as in above mentioned. therefore
Honours
Secretary.
on board are as follows, viz: John Tiley, Elisha Doan, Senior Lieutenant David Brace,
officers
Captain
the purpose
duty bound, shall ever pray.
ORDER TO TIMOTHY PARSONS.
CHAS. SIGOURNEY,
Whereas the Prize IN COUNCIL, October 9th, 1776. commander of the Briganlately taken by Captain Souther, tine Massachusetts, was sent into Townsend, and has since been taken possession of by Mr. Timothy Parsons, Agent for the Eastern District, and by him removed from thence to Wiscasset, and there at present detained, which the captors apprehend may be very detrimental to their interest It is therefore Ordered, That Mr. Timothy Parsons, Agent for the Eastern District, be and hereby is directed to
In behalf of the concerned. Boston, October 8th, 1776.
a
IN COUNCIL, October 9, 1776. Read, and Ordered, That Commission be issued out to the above-mentioned John
commander of said Sloop, on his giving bonds. JOHN AVERY, Deputy Secretary.
Tiley as
:
RESOLVE FOR ALTERING THE ARMED SLOOP FREEDOM INTO A BRIGANTINE.
deliver the said Prize to Captain Souther, or to his order, to convey her to such port in this State as said Souther may
think will
be most conducive to the interest of
all
con-
cerned.
PETITION OF ADAM HELME.
Passed October
whereas
To
the
honour able Council for the State of MASSACHUSETTS-
ADAM HELME, That
in behalf
the said
BAY: of ADAM BABCOCK, Esquire,
humbly showeth : Babcock is now loading a brigantine
Dartmouth, in the State aforesaid, by order and on account of Congress, as by contract may be seen which brigantine it is Your Honthought necessary to arm in some degree. ours are therefore requested to dispose of (to the said Bab;
cock) for the purpose aforesaid, a pair of small cannon, threepounders, belonging to this State, which are now at Dart-
mouth in
aforesaid, and entirely useless at present. duty bound, will ewer pray, &c.
And,
as
ADAM HELME. Watertown, October
it
the
will
much
be
for the
advantage of
this
every
way
suitable for that purpose
to see that the masts, sails, and rigging the Brigantine Rising Empire, be taken out belonging of her, and forthwith applied to equip the said Sloop as a tain Clouston, to
Brigantine, that she
proceed on her
may
be able, as soon as possible, to
cruise.
RESOLVE FOR THE DELIVERY OF POWDER TO CHARLES SIGOURNEY. Passed October
As
the honourable Council, with respect to the above cannon, I would propose to their Honours the depositing in the hands of Mr. Leonard Jarvis, of Dartmouth, (in whose care they were left by Thomas Durfey, Esquire,) a pair of larger cannon, (six-pounders,) as security for the above three-pounders until their Honours shall think proper to receive pay for them, or until Mr. Babcock can replace them with a pair of the same size. ADAM HELME.
9, 1776.
On
the Petition of Charles Sigourney, praying for permission to purchase five hundred weight of Powder :
That the Commissary-General be, and he is to deliver to Charles Sigourney, or order, directed hereby out of the Powder-Mill at Andover, four hundred pounds of Resolved,
Gunpowder, he paying
six shillings per
pound
for the
RESOLVE PERMITTING JOAN BERNARD OLLIVE TO
ORDER FOR DELIVERING CANNON TO ADAM HELME. State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
October It
:
Ordered, That Ephraim Spooner, Esq., of Plymouth, be desired, and is hereby empowered, in conjunction with Cap-
9, 1776.
being represented to this Board that
two Cannon, three-pounders,
State
that the said Sloop should be altered into a Brigantine ; and the masts, sails, and rigging of the Brigantine Rising Empire, belonging to this State, lately condemned, and now in said harbour, are
at
9, 1776.
armed Sloop Freedom, Captain John Clouston, belonging to this State, has had the misfortune to have her mast split, and is thereby disabled from continuing on her cruise, and is now in the harbour of Plymouth: And
Whereas
at
Passed October
On
Chamber, 9, 1776.
this State
Dartmouth, which
1
have
Adam
Helme has petitioned may be disposed of to him, or will leave two other Cannon, six-pounders, in the room thereof until he shall replace the two three-pounders: Ordered, That Mr. Leonard Jarvis (or such persons under whose care the said Cannon are placed) be desired to deliver Mr. Adam Helme the two Cannon, three-pounders, on his delivering the two Cannon, six-pounders, provided they are sound the two Cannon so left to be subject to the orders and use of this State till the other two Cannon are
the Petition of
SAIL.
9, 1776.
Joan Bernard
Ollive, praying that this
Court would grant him permission to sail to the WestIndies, &c.: Resolved, That the prayer of the above Petition be and that the petitioner be permitted to sail with granted his cargo of Lumber for the West-Indies; any law of this ;
State to the contrary notwithstanding.
RESOLVE PERMITTING ABRAHAM REDWOOD, ES^., TO EXHIBIT HIS CLAIM. Passed October
;
returned, or paid for, at the option of this Board.
same.
9, 1776.
Henry Marchant, in behalf of Abraham Redwood, Esq., praying that he may be allowed to exhibit his claim for ten hogsheads of Sugar, &c. Petition be Resolved, That the prayer of the above his claim to exhibit allowed be and the petitioner
On
the Petition of
:
PETITION OF CHARLES SIGOURNEY AND OTHERS. State
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY:
To
the honourable the Council now sitting in WATERTOWN: The Petition of WILLIAM FOSTER, CHARLES SIGOURNEY, WILLIAM MOLINEUX, JOSHUA LORING, JACOB WILLIAMS, MARTIN BICKER, RICHARD WALKER, and JOHN LANGDON, of BOSTON, humbly showeth: That your petitioners, owners of the sloop called the Oliver Cromwell, burthen about eighty tons, armed with ten
guns, three and four pounders, ten swivels, five hundred weight of powder with shot in proportion, navigated
granted, for said ten hogsheads of Sugar, at the said Superiour Court, when and where the said appeal is now pending.
PETITION OF TIMOTHY McDANIELL. the House of Representatives of the of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: The Memorial of TIMOTHY McDANiEL, of SCARBOROUGH,
To
the honourable
State
carriage
That
humbly showeth : Lord 1755 your memorialist
in the year of our
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
379 went on board
Britannick
Majesty's ship Mermaid, Washington Shirley, Esq., commander, in the station of a Midshipman in the year 1756 went to England in her, his
;
Excellency Governour Shirley ; from the Mermaid, went on board the Monmouth, of sixty -four guns, with Capwith
his
being soon after superseded, your memorialist was discharged on board the Duke, of ninety guns, Thomas Hanway, Esquire, commander; and from her, on
tain Shirley,
ninety guns, Peter Denis, Esquire, heron board the Royal George, Richard from commander; Dorril, Esq., commander; and from thence on board the Dorsetshire, Peter Denis, Esq., commander; from thence on board the Bellona, Peter Denis, Esq., commander. In examination for a April, 1760, your memorialist passed an Lieutenant of the Royal Navy, and in September, 1762, was appointed by Peter Denis, Esquire, who was Commodore and Commander-in-Chief of all his Majesty's ships and vessels of war employed and to be employed in and about Basque-Road, on the coast of France, commander of the Fanny, armed tender, of six guns and forty -five hands, with first rate; and in November to the Dukeof-York, armed cutter, of six carriage guns and fourteen swivels, which he commanded till February, 1763, when, it
Lieutenant's pay of a
being peace, was paid off. Since the peace your memorialist has commanded several vessels in the merchant service. Your memorialist has been in several smart engagements, particularly
OCTOBER
10,
380
1776.
And your schooner Washington, for the purpose aforesaid. in duty bound, will ever pray. as petitioners, THOMAS JONES, JOHN STICKNEY, JOSEPH MARQ.UAND.
who
Naman, of
board the
fcc.,
that between Sir
in
and now command some
flans,
Edward Hawke and Con-
begs leave to offer himself,
if
agreeable, to
American Navy.
Should you, honourable gentlemen, be pleased to appoint him to such a trust, he hopes he shall be enabled so to act as not to be vessel in the
Your memorialist altogether unworthy your confidence. to that ever since the comleave further begs acquaint you, unhappy contest between Great Britain country has been pleased to repose some
mencement of
the
and America,
his
him, as he has been one of the Corresponding Committee of Scarborough ever since its first institution, and was one of the Representatives of said town in County Congress, and was appointed by the honourable the Protrust in
1775, one of the County Committee for Cumberland, and in February last was appointed first Major in the Third Regiment of Militia in said County. If your Honours will condescend to consider that your memorialist, out of true affectionate zeal for this his dear native
IN COUNCIL, October 10th, 1776. Read, and Ordered, That a Commission be issued out to the above-named Joseph Rowe, as commander of said vessel, he complying with the resolves of Congress.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
PETITION OF NATHANIEL FARLEY AND OTHERS. State of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: The honourable Council now sitting- in WATERTOWN: The Petition of NATHANIEL FARLEY, BENJAMIN WOOD,
JOHN HEARD, DANIEL GOODHUE, WILLIAM STOREY, JACOB TREADWELL, of IPSWICH, humbly showeth: That your
petitioners, owners of the schooner called the burthen eighteen tons, armed with two carriage Fair-Lady, guns, two-pounders, and two swivels, two wall-pieces, five hundred weight powder, with ball in proportion, navigated by fifteen men, has on board six barrels pork and beef, six barSaid schooner is intended to cruise against the rels bread.
enemies of these United States. Officers on board are as follows, viz: Joseph Dennis, Captain; John Gibson, Lieutenant; Benfn Davis, Master.
Your Honours
petitioners would therefore humbly request your to commission said schooner and commander for
the purpose above-mentioned. duty bound, shall ever pray.
And your
petitioners, as in
JOSEPH ^ DENNIS, In behalf of the owners.
IN COUNCIL, October 10th, 1776. Read, and Ordered, a Commission be issued out to the above-mentioned Joseph Dennis, as commander of said Schooner, he com-
That
plying with resolves of Congress.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
vincial Congress, in April,
country, has (and that with pleasure) relinquished all his title to pay or preferment in the British Navy, it will, he hopes, induce you, when convenient, to comply with his humble memorial ; and begs leave to subscribe himself, as in
duty bound, honourable gentlemen, your dutiful and obe-
dient servant,
TlMO. McDANIELL. Watertown, October
These
10th, 1776.
are to certify the honourable the principal Officers his Majesty's Navy, that Mr. Timothy
and Commissioners of
McDnniel
rated Midshipman on board his Majesty's ship Duke, under my command, from the 4th day of March, 1757, to the day of the date hereof, during which time he behaved with diligence and sobriety, ever obedient to
served
command. Given under
in
as
my hand
on board
his
Majesty's
s\t'\p
Duke,
Hamoza, July 31, 1757.
PETITION OF TRISTRAM DALTON AND STEPHEN HOOPER.
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: The honourable the Council now sitting in WATERTOWN: The Petition O/TRISTRAM DALTON and STEPHEN HOOPER, of JN EWBURY-PoRT, humbly showeth : That your petitioners, owners of the brigantine called the
State
Dalton, burthen one hundred and sixty tons, armed with four six, fourteen four, and four two-pound carriage, and twenty swivels, fifteen hundred weight of powder, and four tons of shot, navigated by one hundred and twenty men has on board, as provisions, one hundred and twenty butts Said brigantine is designed to cruise against the of water. enemies of these United States. ;
Your petitioners, therefore, would humbly request your Honours to commission said brigantine and commander for the purpose above mentioned. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. Officers on board areas follows: Eleazer Johnson, Captain; Anthony Knap, First Lieutenant; John Buntin, Second Lieutenant; Daniel Lunt, Master. Newbury-Port, October
THO'S HANWAY.
7, 1776.
ELEAZER JOHNSON,
Jr.,
In behalf of the owners.
PETITION OF THOMAS JONES AND OTHERS. State of the Massachusetts Bay, Newburyport, 8th October, 1776.
To
the honourable Council for the State
SETTS-BAY
) J
of the MASSACHU-
:
IN COUNCIL, October 10th, 1776. Read, and Ordered. a Commission be issued out to the above-mentioned Eleazer Johnson, as commander of said Brigantine, he comply ing with the resolves of Congress.
That
The Memorial of THOMAS JONES, JOHN STICKNEY, and JOSEPH MARQUAND, all of NEWBURY-PORT, Merchants, owners of the Privateer Schooner called the WASHINGTON, humbly showeth
PETITION OF LAWRENCE
:
That whereas they have
H.
Secretary.
CAMPBELL.
Council Chamber, October 10th, 1776.
out the said schooner tons, with six carriage guns,
fitted
Washington, burthen about fifty and cohorns, two hundred weight of powder, and balls answerable, navigated by forty men, with twenty barrels of beef and pork, and twenty barrels of bread, for a cruise, against the enemies of the United States of America: Therefore your memorialists humbly pray your Honours to commissionate Joseph Row commander of said eight swivels
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Upon in
the Petition of Law.
Concord
Jail,
praying
R. Campbell,
for a release or a
a prisoner of
war
hearing:
Resolved, That the Petitioner be and he hereby is diBoard on Tuesday next, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, to show cause, if any he have, why the prayer of his Petition for a release should be granted; and rected to attend this
that the said
Lawrence R. Campbell cause
that
Captain
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
381
OCTOBER
Stc.,
this case,
attend at the same time.
make no
JOHN AVERT, Deputy
Secretary.
IN COUNCIL, October 10, 1776. Ordered, That the of the Jail in Concord be and he hereby is directed Keeper and required to cause Law. R. Campbell, now a prisoner of war in Concord Jail, to appear at the Council Chamber in fVatertownon Tuesday next, at eleven o'clock beforenoon, agreeable to a resolution of Council of this clay, in answer to
Lawrence R. Campbell. JOHN A VERY. Deputy Secretary.
the petition of said
I
with all its circumstances, before you when, I doubt, you will view it in a more favourable light And as 1 am conscious to myself that than you do now.
have duiing my abode at Lunenburg never intentionally departed from the engagement entered into by my parole, but, on the contrary, have at all times endeavoured to con-
manner the most unexceptionable, and have used same conduct, 1 am very desirous you would summons some of the intelligent and disinterested inhabitants of that town duct
my
in a
influence with the other officers to observe the
before you, that they
ventured to take
:
this liberty.
I shall not trouble
you with a
may be
inquired of touching these
matters.
SIR: Induced by the great character of benevolence, humanity, and politeness, which you are so generally allowed to possess, and emboldened by my unhappy and cruel situation, confined to a common jail like the vilest criminal, have I
;
I
As &fc., fyc., fyc.
382
Lunenburg,
I
His Excellency GEORGE WASHINGTON,
1776.
have such an opinion of the justice of the Committee at that I can't doubt but they \\ill lay a state of
George Kimbal, Chairman of tlieCommittee of Correspondence of the town of Lunenburg, or some one of that Comof this Resolve, that he may mittee, be served with a copy
10,
detail of the transactions
between the Committee of Lunenburg (to which place I was ordered on signing my parole) and me the enclosed petition, which I sent about a month ago, on my arrival here, to the General Council at Watertown, will inform you of the nature of my crime. Allow me to mention one circumstance: after the inadvertent speech I made, the Committee at Lunenburg ordered me before them, and was of opinion I had broke my parole by my speech, and sentenced me not to exceed half a mile from my lodgings; but reconsidering the
am
cruelty is not the characteristick of your Honours, and confident you can have no disposition to increase my
misfortune, I must entreat you to order my release from this place, or grant me the favour of a hearing at your honourable I shall be willing, on condition of enlargement, concession becoming the gentleman, other, I am sure you will not require, and enter into any further engagement you may think proper. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient
Board, where to
make any
humble servant,
LAW. R. CAMPBELL.
:
matter some days
after, liberated
me
to the full parole.
liberty ten days, when the order to confine to Concord Jail.
had enjoyed that
I
from the
me Council came I should be guilty of an act of injustice and ingratitude, was entirely unknown arrived, and have since the pleasure to understand they have interested themselves to get me As the Council has not been liberated, but to no effect. case, I have been pleased to pay the least attention to did
I
not inform you that this order
to the
Committee
till
it
my
ever since kept hi a most cruel uncertainty. If on perusal of my letter and petition, you think I merit any alleviation to
my distressed situation, I hope you will recommend it to be done as soon as the state of affairs will permit. I have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, your most obedient and most humble servant, LAW. R. CAMPBELL, Captain Concord
Jail, 19th
list Regiment.
September, 1776.
Concord
Jail,
28th August, 1776.
IN COUNCIL, August 30th, 1776. Read, and committed Jabez Fisher and John Taylor, Esq., to confer on the subject-matter of the above Petition with Mr. George Kimbal, Representative from Lunenburg. to
JOHN AVERT, Deputy
Secretary.
Whereas, by the Report of the Committee appointed to hear Captain Campbell's Petition, it appears to this Board which breach of his parole occasioned an order that of this Board for his commitment to the Jail at Concord, in the County of Middlesex: And whereas by the Report of the Committee appointed to hear the said Campbell on his Petition, it appears to this Board that what he said to the above-mentioned Thomas Dodge was through inadvertence, and with no design to injure the cause of the United Stales, and that his conduct in other respects had been unexceptionable
:
Therefore,.Orc?ererf, That he, the said Campbell, be liberated from the Jail at Concord, and proceed to Reading, there to reside, and not go beyond the limits prescribed by
he paying all charges that have arisen in conseAnd the Keeper of the of the said commitment. quence said Jail is hereby ordered to liberate him accordingly. his parole;
PETITION OF JOSIAH BATCHELDER, JUN.
To
of the State of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY PLEASE YOUR HONOURS In obedience to your the Committee of Lunenburg I have left that
the honourable the Council
:
MAY
IT
orders to
:
am now confined to Concord Jail and as I am by this measure made very unhappy, I must entreat your Honours' attention to my case. I flatter myself that upon
place, and
;
examination thereof, you will not conceive such unfavourable sentiments of me, as I am sure you must have done
when you
passed the order for
my
imprisonment.
I beg leave to observe to you, that a short time after my arrival in Lunenburg, in a familiar conversation with the
man
of the house where I lived, upon his saying he did not propose going into the Army, as near as I can recollect, I
him
believed he had better not, as it was my opinion Britain would beat the Colonies ; or words to that effect. told
But
to
I
no other person have I said any thing on this subject I had the least inclination or desire so to do
neither have
and
at the time
being against the
of
my
this
conversation I did not advert to
parole, or had
I the least intention
judgment of the person
To
the honourable Council
of the State of
the
MASSACHU-
SETTS-BAY: The Petition of JOSIAH BATCHELDER, Jun., in behalf of JAMES BROWN and NATHAN BROWN, of NOVA-SCOTIA, but late of IPSWICH in this State, humbly showeth: That the above-named James and Nathan Brown have resided at Yarmouth, in Nova-Scotia, for several years, and are
now
desirous of returning, with their effects, to this
Therefore your petiState, where they formerly belonged. tioner humbly prays your Honours to grant a protection to James and Nathan Brown to return, with their effects, unmolested, from Yarmouth, in Nova-Scotia, to Ipswich, in And your petitioners, as in duty bound, shall this State. ever P ra y-
BATCHELDER, Jun.
Josi.
Watertown, October 10th, 1776.
IN COUNCIL, October 10th, 1776. Read, and Ordered, That a similar Order to that given to Ebenezer Porter, its Richard Valpey, and others, October 4th last, be granted of to the above-named James and Nathan Brown. of JOHN AVERT, Deputy Secretary. ;
;
I spoke with, or the of cause the United but it rather proColonies, injuring ceeded from inattention than from any other cause ; and as
biasing
the intention that constitutes the crime, 1 flatter myself that with a representation of my fault, had there been men-
Yarmouth, Nova-Scotia, September the 28th, 1776.
it is
tioned the innocence of
the Committee
intentions, which I declared to of Lunenburg, that humanity which this
my
country so eminently possesses would have plead strongly
in
my favour, and if it had not entirely released me, least have pointed out a less rigorous punishment.
at
would
Captain JOSIAH BATCHELDER: SIR: We take leave now, at this difficult time, to write these few lines to you, hoping they will find you and yours in
good health,
as
we
are at this lime
;
blessed be
God
for
it.
you are one of the members of the Sir, House of General Assembly of that Province therefore
we
are informed
;
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
383 we we
with advice, to beg tbe favour of you which of; which is, a permit or protection from
tliink best,
are
need
in
of war in being made a prize of by the American vessels our coming up there with our families and what little we We don't suppose that a permit from can fetch with us. any authority below, that we used to call the General Court, Mr. Robert Harskt.ll advised us to will be any protection.
up to you. to lay before the ConBut we thought we could not form one in any formal manner; so we didn't; and we darsen't ask any one here to do it, lest we should be informed against at Halifax, and what little we can fetch they should get authority to stop if you think it best, and that it is But and us too. away one by a petition, and not without, we likely we can obtain that you will draw one for us in our names and behalf,
write a petition and send
&ic.,
OCTOBER
384
11, 1776.
RESOLVE FOR PAYING SAMUEL PHILLIPS, PAY FOR SALTPETRE.
2,8CO, TO
JUN.,
Passed October 10, 1776.
Resolved, That there be paid out of the publick Treasury to Mr. Samuel Phillips, Jun., the sum of 2,800, to be paid by him to Zebtdinh Abbot, to enable him to pay for the Saltpetre received for this Stale; said Abbot to be ac-
countable to
this
Court
for the
same.
gress.
pray and we may be
will
pay you
for
it,
and
for all
other trouble you
Passed October
ferred to in his Petition.
ORDER TO COLONEL CRAFTS.
us.
NATHAN BROWN.
To
of Beverly. Captain Josiah Batchelder, Jun.,
State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
Chamber,
October 11, 1776.
) J
Ordered, That Colonel Thomas Crafts be, and he hereby is directed to secure the two Four-pounders now laying at Plymouth, the property of this State, and have them safely
conveyed by water
Boston.
to
JOHN AVERY, Deputy OKDER TO THE SHERIFF OF THE COUNTY OF BRISTOL. Slate of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: The major part of the Council to the Sheriff of the County
8s.
10, 1776.
Resolved, That there be allowed and paid out of the the publick Treasury of this State to Mr. William Frost, sum of 228 8*. 1| Selectmen
O/BEVERLY.
;
gress shall
make an
increase of
wages
PETITION OF OLIVER ALLEN AND OTHERS.
than twenty shil-
less
lings per month, this State will supply the deficiency, and cause the same to be paid them as aforesaid.
And
To
now sitting in WATERTOWN The Petition of OLIVER ALLEN and EDWARD HAMMOND, of ROCHESTER, and ISRAEL FERING, JOSHUA BRIGGS, and DAVID NYE, O/WENHAM, humbly showeth : That your petitioners, owners of the sloop called the True Blue, burthen about fifty-five tons, armed with six
further Resolved, That the several Corps of Officers to whom Beating Orders may be given by virtue of the foregoing Resolves, be and they are hereby empowered to inlist men from the several Regiments and Compait is
nies in this State in the land service, except the
under the
of Artillery
command
Regiment
of Lieutenant-Colonel
the honourable the Council
by forty men ; has on board as provisions thirty-five barrels of beef and pork, and three thousand weight of bread. Said sloop is designed to cruise against the enemies of the United
and permitted to inlist, if they see fit, immediately into the service in the aforegoing Resolves referred to, any previous engagements to form in either of said Regiments or Compa-
States
of America.
Officers on board are as follows, viz Oliver Allen, Commander; John Walls, First Lieutenant; Barnebas Bates, :
nies to the contrary notwithstanding.
Second Lieutenant; John Carver, Master. Your petitioners therefore humbly prays your Honours to commission said sloop and commander, for the purposes above-mentioned. And, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
PETITION OF JOHN TURNER.
of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY To the honourable the Council and House of Representa:
OLIVER ALLEN,
General Court assembled, OCTOBER the 28, 1776, humbly shows JOHN TURNER, of PEMBROKE, in theCountives in
of PLYMOUTH That your petitioner has two sons
In behalf of himself and others concerned.
Watertown, October 28th, 1776.
:
ty
in
the Continental ser-
vice as soldiers, and one son stationed at the Garnet, in Captain William IVestons company and as your petitioner has no son or servant left at home to take care of his family and business, and as the fort at the Garn-etts almost finished: Wherefore your petitioner prays that his son Job Turner, ;
who
is
stationed at the Garnet,
company, and have liberty to wages for the time has been duty bound,
may
return in
the honourable
The
home, he drawing his And, as in
Great and General Court of
to
the
Regiment
Chamber,
in
the service of
.
Whereas application have been made by Mr. Levi Allen this Board that he may have liberty granted him to pro-
ceed to Halifax, State
eth:
the Fourteenth
State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
October
of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: of the Selectmen of the Town of BEVERLY, name and behalf of said Town, most humbly show-
That whereas
Secretary.
PERMISSION FOR LEVI ALLEN TO GO TO HALIFAX.
,
Petition
in the
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
the service.
ever pray.
shall
IN COUNCIL, October 28th, 1776. Read, and Ordered, the prayer of the above Petition be granted, and that a Commission be issued out to the said Oliver Allen as Commander of said Sloop, he, the said Allen, complying with the resolves of Congress.
That
be discharged from that
PETITION OF THE SELECTMEN OF BEVERLY.
To
:
carriage guns and eight swivels, three hundred weight of powder, and with shot and langrage in proportion, navigated
Crafts, either in the pay of this or the United American States; and the men serving in either of said Regiments or Companies, except as above excepted, are hereby allowed
State
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY:
State
in
order for the relief of his brother, Colonel prisoners with him at
Ethan Allen, and eighteen other Halifax, and
procure the release of his said brother and unhappy sufferers with him in Jail: Therefore, Ordered, That the above-named Mr. Levi to
the rest of those
Allen be and he hereby is permitted to go from this State to Halifax for the and it is purposes above-mentioned recommended to of all armed and the Commanders hereby other vessels to let the said Mr. Levi Allen pass unmolested to Halifax, and from thence to this State. ;
of America, commanded by Colonel Glover, was some time in July last ordered to march from this town, where we had for some time been stationed for the the United States
safety and protection thereof, to the State of New- York, to the grand Army there, by which means this town was eft destitute of any forces to guard on their sea-coast, which {'oin
very extensive and greatly exposed, the town petitioned to the honourable Council of this State (the Great and General Court not then setting) for some relief and assistance,
RESOLVE ALLOWING RUTH PARKER
7 14s. 9d.
is
who, with
their usual
benevolence, on the 20th of July
last
Henry Herrick, Colonel of the Eighth ReCounty, to march a number of the Militia in
ordered Colonel in this
giment
said regiment into the lilies within this town, not exceeding sixty, to guard within the same, &,c., till further order of the
which was accordingly done and they have guarded and performed their duty to the date hereof, when, by order of the honourable Council, they were discharged by which means we are left destitute of men, and in a most unhappy situation, extending six miles on the sea-coast very convenient for landing of troops, &cc. The settlers alongshore the most of that distance built breastworks and forts, procured cannon and warlike stores, and placed them in the same, and by far the greater part of the able-bodied men belonging to the town in the puhlick service or gone to sea, by which means we are reduced to a most defenceless Council
;
;
Passed October 28, 1776.
On
the Petition of
Ruth Parker,
there be allowed and paid to her, out of 7 14s. 9d., in full the Treasury of this State, the sum of for the loss her late husband sustained on Bunker-Hill.
Resolved, That
RESOLVE ALLOWING JOSEPH TRIP, A WOUNDED SOLDIER, THIRTEEN POUNDS. Passed October 28, 1776.
;
state.
We
therefore do most
humbly pray
that the honourable
13 be paid out of the Treasury of this Resolved, That State to Walter Spooner, Esq., for the use of Job Trip, Sic.
RESOLVE ALLOWING THOMAS MIGHILL
2
6*.
Passed October 28, 1776.
On
the Petition of Thomas Mighill, Resolved, That there be paid out of the Treasury of this 2 6s., in full of his loss on BunkerState the sum of Hill,
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
417
RESOLVE ALLOWING SUNDRY PERSONS FOR LOSSES ON BUNKER-HILL. Passed October 28, 1776.
Resolved, That
tliere
be paid out of the Publick Treasury, Me Net, 4 15*.
to Josiah Pierce, 3 9*. 2d.; to Andrew 4d. ; to Joel Munn, 18*.; to Jacob Tkayer,
RESOLVE FOR PAYING JACOB FROST
2 14s. 2d.
28
18*.
Passed October 28, 1776.
and
OCTOBER
28,
1776.
418
not pretend to claim Continental pay as absolutely due, yet when they consider the impartiality that ought to govern
every legislative body, and which they are persuaded reigns in this House, they flatter themselves that you will not degrade them below their brethren, but raise them to Continental pay. And this, I humbly conceive, would put a slop to the great uneasiness in the camps, and that coldness
and indifference that appears between the several regiments would cease, and all would go on in love and unity in the glorious cause of liberty.
there be paid out of the Treasury of 28 18s. to Jacob Frost, the State of Massachusetts-Bay in full for his wages, thirteen months and a half, while in
Resolved, That
captivity,
Stc.,
for things lost in the battle.
Therefore your petitioner humbly prays that you would take the premises under consideration, and order as you in your wisdom shall think best, and if possible put us on Continental pay. And, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
JOSIAH WHITNEY,
Camp
RESOLVE EMPOWERING THE COMMISSARY-GENERAL TO SUPPLY THE SEVERAL TOWNS WITH POWDER. Passed October 28, 1776.
Whereas, by a resolve of this Court of the 24th day of June last, the keeper of either of the Povvder-Mills in this State was empowered and directed to sell to the Selectmen of each town in this Slate, at the rate of five shillings per pound, as much Gunpowder as shall be wanted in their respective town stocks, to furnish each man on the alarm and train-band lists, with half a pound weight: And whereas it is much easier and more convenient for divers towns to send Watertown, for such Powder-Mills: It is, therefore, Resolved, That the Commissary -General of this State be and is hereby empowered and directed, upon such certificate as is prescribed in the resolve above-mentioned, to sell and deliver at Watertown, to the Selectmen of any town, or the Committee of any unincorporated plantation in this State, who shall apply to him therefor, such to the
Commissary-General's store
supplies of
powder
in
there, than to either of the
quantity of Gunpowder, at the price of five shillings per pound, as the keeper of either of the said Powder-Mills was,
by the resolve above-said, empowered
to sell.
Coll.
at Hull, October the 29th, 1776.
RESOLVE FOR ADJOURNING THE SUPER1OUR COURT FOR ESSEX AND MIDDLESEX. Passed October 29, 1776.
Whereas the Superiour Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Jail Delivery, is to be held this day at Cambridge, within and for the County of Middlesex ; and
Salem, within and for the County of Essex, on the first Tuesday in November next: And whereas several Members of the House and Council, whose attendance is absolutely necessary at the General Court, must attend said Superiour at
Court,
in
the Counties aforesaid,
It is, therefore,
if it should sit there: Resolved, That the Justices of said Supe-
and they are hereby directed to adjourn the which is by law to be held at Cambridge this day, unto the second Tuesday in February next, then to be held at said Cambridge, within and for the County afore-
riour
Court
be,
said Court,
said.
And it is also Resolved, That the said Superiour Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Jail Delivery, which by law is to be held at Salem on the first Tuesday of November
RESOLVE PERMITTING DAVID SMITH TO PROCEED TO NOVASCOTIA. Passed October 28, 1776.
On
the Petition of David Smith, Resolved, That the prayer of his Petition be granted, and that leave be, and hereby is given to him to go to NovaScotia, to bring up his family and effects; and the commanders of the armed vessels belonging to this State are directed
not to molest or impede him, but to afford him assistance and protection. And the commanders of all armed vessels
belonging to any of the United States of America are also And it is requested not to impede or molest said Smith. ordered that he be furnished with a copy of this resolve for
next, shall be, and hereby is adjourned to the Tuesday of February next, then to be held at said Salem, within and for said County of Essex, there to take cognizance of all such matters as would have been cognizable by said Court if it had been held as aforesaid, on the and all first Tuesday of November, as by law is provided persons summoned or bound by recognizance to appear at said Court on said first Tuesday of November, shall be held to appear and answer on said first Tuesday of February, in the same manner as they would have been obliged to do if said Court had been held on the said first Tuesday of November, as by law prefixed. first
;
RESOLVE PERMITTING WILLIAM PITTS TO RETURN TO THIS
the purpose aforesaid.
STATE. Passed October 28, 1776.
MEMORIAL OF COtONEL WHITNEY. and House of Representatives, convened at WATERTOWN, in the State of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY. Your Memorialist humbly shows:
To
the honourable the Council
That he was appointed
the 10th of April last to take the of a battalion of men raised by this State; and though the pay of the State was small, yet my zeal for the liberties of my country was so great that I cheerfully underThe men were obtained, and we early in the spring took. took the field, while the enemy were in the harbour, and a reinforcement daily expected. But since that, other officers
command
have been appointed; the men ready raised to their hands without their being at any expense to look them up, placed in the most secure and least laborious quarters, and yet put on Continental pay; while we, who were at vast expense to inlist our men, are stationed in the key of the State, the most hazardous and fatiguing post, where is difevery ._, thing ficult to be obtained, and of extravagant price, and only the small establishment of this State to support us, which does not much more than clear our expenses. ,
This as to myself spend, not only
not so grievous, for fortune in the cause, but is
am ready to my life also, if
I
On
the Petition of John Pitts, That the prayer of the above Petition
Resolved,
be
Pitts have leave to granted, and that the said William return to this State with his effects ; and all commanders of vessels belonging to this State privateers and other armed are hereby directed not to impede or obstruct the said fVilliam on his return, but to afford him assistance and protection ; and the commanders of all armed vessels belonging to any of the United Slates of America are also requested not to impede or molest said Pitts; and that a copy of this Resolve be given the petitioner for the purpose aforesaid.
PETITION OF GEORGE CHILD.
To
the honourable
Councilofthe State O/MASSACHUSETTS-
BAY: The Petition of GEORGE CHILD humbly showeth: That your petitioner, being bound from Jamaica to Brisloaded with sugar and rum, was tol, in the ship St. Lucca, taken by Captain Eleazer Giles, of Beverly, commander of the brigantine Retaliation, and was sent with his said ship into said Beverly, where it is probable his said ship and will soon be condemned, the captors having gene-
my cargo need requires; but my under officers are which is sufficient to purvery much trourously given him his adventure, bled, and think your bounty toward them is not so great as chase a small schooner, with which he is desirous of returning towards some of the other regiments; and though they do to his family Therefore your petitioner humbly prays your FIFTH SERIES. VOL. III. 27 :
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
419
Honours to permit him to proceed from Beverly to Bristol'm a schooner about fifty tons, with ballast and stores sufficient for such a voyage, with ten men besides himself, said schoounder the inspection of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety, of said in your Beverly; or otherwise relieve your petitioner as you And your petitioner, as in duty great wisdom shall see fit. bound, shall ever pray. GEO>
ner to be
n Council, ) State of Massachusetts-Bay, in October 30th Lh, 1776. \ 1
the Petition of George Child, late Master of the Ship
St. Lucia,
Ordered, That the prayer of the said Petition be so granted as that the said Captain Child be permitted to depart from this State by taking passage in any vessel that may be going hence for Europe or the West-Indies, and that he be permitted to take with him necessary stores for his passage, under the direction of the Committee of of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety, of the Town far
Beverly.
420
30, 1776.
This may certify, that the within Petition is agreeable to and the subscribers are the persons sent on command
truth,
aboard said Sloop.
JQSIAH WH1TNEy> ColL
fitted out, &.C.,
Beverly, October 28th, 177C.
On
OCTOBER
&c.,
PETITION OF JOSIAH GODFREY.
and honourable House of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: of The Petition o/JosiAH GODFREY, Chief Pilot of the Sloopof-War REPUBLIC, commanded by Captain WILLIAMS,
To
the honourable the Council
Representatives of the State
the
humbly showeth: engaged in the service of this State expecting as much wages as is given to pilots in the Continental service; but thinking himself in danger of being deprived of that reward for his service that he can obtain from others, and which others in his capacity enjoy, begs leave to state facts to your Honours, not doubting but he shall have all that justice done him that the justice of his fitted out by this Slate,
That your
petitioner
cause deserves. jrilliams,
upon
Your his
engaged with Captain him as much as the Continental service. This was petitioner
encouragement
to give
those of his station in strengthened by Colonel Bowers engaging to lay a petition before your Honours in behalf of your petitioner, that Cap-
Williams' s engagement might be fulfilled to him but by accident was not done, and your petitioner having had several offers more advantageous, has kept this upon the above encouragement. Now your petitioner is left to the sad alternative, either to go much under what others freely tain
PETITION Or JOSIAH BATCHELDER, JUN. Stale
To
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY:
the honourable the Council
The
Petition
now sitting
in
WATERTOWN:
of JOSIAH BATCHELDER, Jun.,
fy
Co.,
hum-
showeth: That your petitioners, owners of the schooner called the Warren, burthen about fifty tons, armed with six carriage guns and ten swivels, three hundred and fifty pounds of with fifty powder, and with shot in proportion, navigated fifteen barrels as on board has men, provision pork, twenty barrels beef, and three thousand weight bread said schooner is designed to cruise against the enemies of these United bly
;
offer
Honours to petitioners therefore humbly pray your commission said schooner and commander for the purpose as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
above-mentioned.
And, JOSIAH BATCHELDER,
Jr., &t
Co.
Beverly, October 29, 1776.
IN COUNCIL, October 30th, 1776. Read, and Ordered, a Commission be issued out to the above-named Israel Thorndikc, as Commander of said Schooner called the Warren, he complying with the resolves of Congress.
That
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
JOSIAH GODFREY.
RESOLVE FOR SUPPLYING THE ARMY WITH NECESSARY STORES. Passed October 30, 1776.
Resolved, That Robert Breck, John Chester Williams, Henry Hill, Caleb Davis, and George Williams, be and they are hereby appointed a Committee for the purpose of purchasing from time to time, till the further order of this Court, on the most reasonable terms, a quantity of such slop or small stores, roots, and vegetables, as they shall think necessary for the present relief of that part of the Conti-
Army, both Northern and Southern, that has been and said Committee is hereby directed convey the same to the Commissaries thereinafter ap-
nental
raised in this State to
PETITION OF JOSIAH ELLIS AND OTHERS. the honourable Council and House of Representatives, convened at WATERTOWN, in the State of the MASSACHU-
To
SETTS-BAY
:
We the subscribers a resolve of the
we were
humbly show: That in obedience to House of Representatives, June the 8th,
ordered to go on board the sloop Betsey,
them to execute this trust, they to be accountable General Court for the expenditure of the same.
it is further Resolved, That Hezekiah Smith, for Northern, and Samuel Whittemore, for the Southern
eight days; but through the badness of weather going and being obliged to return to Boston by land, and
behalf of
some time detained before we could get a passage to Hull, where the regiment was removed, we were absent from said regiment
fifteen
we were obliged to two shillings and four pence per day the whole sum, eight pounds nineteen shildays, seven of which
victual ourselves, at
each man and eight pence. We therefore beg this honourable Court would take the premises into consideration, and order for our relief, so that we may not be sufferers by our going on the said command. And, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
lings
JOSIAH ELLIS,
EDWARD COLTON,
NATHAN COLE, WILLIAM ELDRIGE, JOHN WHORTEH, SETH STEBBINS,
DANIEL MORGAN, SIMEON CANNON, LEWIS MORGAN, DAVID CHASE, NATHANIEL CROSBY.
Hull, October the 30th, 1776.
to the
And the
there
;
pointed, in proportion to the numbers in their respective departments, and take their receipts for the same, and lay their accounts before this Court for allowance. Resolved, That there be, and hereby is allowed to be paid out of the publick Treasury of this State to the said Committee or their order, the sum of 10,000, to enable
bound to Falmouth, (Casco Bay,~) as a guard to six cannon and other warlike stores; and we drew rations at Boston for down,
State dishonourably,
as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
officers
Your
for
this
:
And,
on board are as followed), viz: Israel Thorndike, Captain; Nicholas Oglebee, First Lieutenant; William Ryan, Second Lieutenant; John Lee, Master.
1776,
him, or quit the service of
and the worthy officers with whom he is now happily connected your humble petitioner makes choice of the former, and leaves the event to your Honours, praying your Honours to make good his encouragements from Captain Williams, which induced him to engage in the service, and to allow him as much as those in the Continental service, which is six pounds per month.
States.
The
;
this
Army,
be,
and they hereby this State, to
are, appointed
take charge of
all
Commissaries stores
in
purchased
by the Committee above appointed, and by them committed them respectively, and them to sell to the soldiers in that part of the Army raised in this State where they are appointed respectively, at the prime cost and charges, and no more. The said Commissaries to be accountable to this Court for their doings in said office when required, and to be allowed for their services as the Court shall think just.
to
RESOLVE ALLOWING THOMAS LUDLOW, JUN., A PRISONER, SOME GOODS. Passed October 30, 1776.
Resolved, That the agent for the Southern District of this State be, and hereby is, directed to deliver Thomas Ludlow, Jun., out of the goods taken on board the Sloop Elizabeth, the following articles, in addition to those already delivered him, viz: one suit of bed and three window curtains; two
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
421
one dozen napkins pair of sheets and three pillow cases four table cloths; one dressing-glass; two bed quilts; three four of women's shoes pair children's shoes; four pair ;
;
NOVEMBER
&c.,
take the above Letter under consideration, and report what necessary to be done thereon.
family.
And it is further Resolved, That said Ludlow, upon not be entitled to any receiving the above articles, shall and adventure as Master of said further allowance for wages
sloop.
RESOLVE EMPOWERING THE TREASURER OF THIS STATE TO STOP PART OF CAPTAIN OBRIAN's ROLL. Passed October 30, 1776.
A VERY,
JOHN
;
dozen children's clouts; one Hadley's quadrant; one quarter wagoner; one small basket of medicines, together with the whole of his wearing apparel, belonging to himself and
422
1776.
1,
is
Deputy Secretary.
PETITION OF PHILIP MOORE AND ARCHIBALD MERCER.
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: To the honourable the Council now sitting in WATERTOWN: The Petition of PHILIP MOORE and ARCHIBALD MERCER,
State
of BOSTON, humbly showeth: the ship called the petitioners, owners of General Mifflin, burthen about three hundred and fifty tons, armed with twenty nine-pounders and six four-pounders, four thousand weight of powder and five tons of shot, navigated by one hundred and twenty men, William Day, Commander; George Starr, First Lieutenant William Day, Jr., Second Lieutenant; and William Roach, Master has on board, as one hundred and provisions, bread and flour eight tons; Said ship is designed to twenty barrels beef and pork. cruise against the enemies of the United States.
That your
;
the Treasurer of this State be, and he is directed to stop, out of the moneys due to Caphereby tain Jeremiah Obrian on his muster-roll, the sum of 21,
Resolved, That
cash supplied the said Captain Obrian by Messieurs Jackson, Tracy &/ Tracy, of Neivburyport, for the purpose of supplying Captain Obrian''s men, and pay the said Com21, pany of Jackson, Tracy &/ Tracy, the said sum of taking their receipt for the same. for
;
Your Honours
petitioners would therefore humbly request your to commission said ship and commander for the
purposes above-mentioned. ever
And,
as in duty bound, shall
PHILIP MOORE,
ARCHIBALD MERCER. IN COUNCIL, November
PETITION OF THE COMMITTEE OF SALEM.
To
the honourable the Council
of the State of CHUSETTS-BAY:
the
That
MASSA-
The Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and Safety of the Town of SALEM, humbly show: That divers of the subjects of the King of Great Britain, taken in vessels in his immediate service, and on board merchant vessels, are now resident in this town, and in other maritime towns; that their numbers are daily increasing, as that the resolves of Congress respectprizes are brought in; of war were passed before the Declaration of ing prisoners
Independence, and determined such only to be prisoners as in arms; that the crews of merchant vessels do now frequently oppose in arms their captors; that hence arise doubts on the question, Who are prisoners of war? That this town has not been assigned for the residence of such prisoners, and so this Committee have no authority to that in the maritime towns they have the control them earliest intelligence of the transactions of the Americans, have opportunities of mixing in all companies, and in some such towns of daily communicating with many persons who, though O O observant of the laws and the resolves of Congress, are taken
;
'
are yet justly liable to suspicion as being not well-wishers to For these reasons we pray your Honours that America. some steps may be immediately taken relative to the captives
afore-mentioned, that shall ensure the publick safety and the for we beg leave safety and property of the maritime towns :
we do
not think
expedient that captives not on board to enter our vessels of war or merchant disposed vessels should be permitted to reside in such towns, since to add, that
it
being compact they are exposed to destruction by fire, and their vessels and boats may easily be cut out of their harbours Some such instances have already and run away with.
happened; we wonder no more have occurred. We find by an order of the honourable Board that Captain Leche, of the Light Dragoons, and the Chaplain, Mr. Lewes, were to have been sent to oxford, after the Sheriff had taken their parole, and the common dragoons were to have been delivered to the Committees in this County, to be let to work; but that order 'remains unexecuted in every part, and for that reason many persons here are uneasy. They are also uneasy because John Cousett Peers, Lieu-
B
tenant of the tender taken by Captain Fish, still remains in this town, although it is some time since he recovered of his wounds. There is the greater reason for this uneasiness
with regard to Leche, Lewes, and Peers, because neither of them has given the parole ordered by Congress. therefore pray your Honours to give immediate orders relative to
We
these prisoners, as well as the former. In behalf and by order of the Committee,
TIM. PICKERING,
Jr.,
liam
Commission be
a
Day,
Salem, October 30, 1776.
1776.
Read, and Ordered, above-named WilShip called the Gen-
Commander
of the said
eral Mifflin, he complying with the resolves of Congress.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
PETITION OF JOHN HARVEY.
To
the honourable the Council
SACHUSETTS-BAY, now
for the State of the MAS-
setting at
WATEHTOWN:
The Petition of JOHN HARVEY humbly shows: That your petitioner was late master of the ship called the Easter, bound from Jamaica to London, and was, on the second day of October last, taken by the Continental brigantine of war called the Cabbot, and sent into the port of
Dartmouth; and that your petitioner had on board his ship at the time he was captured, his wife and family, which conof four orphan children, under the care of your petitioner, the eldest of which is between six and seven years of all which four whites and one black age, and five servants sists
now
are
at said
Dartmouth.
This being the
situation of
your petitioner and his family, he prays the indulgence of the honourable Court that they, in their great goodness and humanity, would grant leave to their unfortunate petitioner to purchase some small vessel, such as he may be able, and
him a permit to depart with his said family, in Dartmouth, back again to Jamaica. And be so happy as to obtain leave to should if this petitioner he will want perpurchase a vessel for the purpose aforesaid, sons to man said vessel; therefore would further pray the indulgence of the honourable Court that they would grant also to grant
said vessel, from
permits to four of the men who belonged to your petitioner's for the purpose aforesaid, viz., ship before she was captured, Anthony Dickerson, John Taylor, Edward Harvey, WilThe situation of your liam Dodge, and John Murro. so unhappy, by reason of being family peculiarly petitioner's
having his wife with him, who is now pregnant and very near her time, and so many small children and servants, induces him to believe the honourable Court will indulge him in his requests, or otherwise grant him relief such as they, his
in'
their great
wisdom, shall think proper and best. And &c. duty bound, will ever pray, JNO. HARVEY.
their petitioner, as in
November
BRISTOL,
1st, 1776.
ss:
November
1st,
1776:
Thomas
Then
who
now
Wever, personally appeared in the aforegoing Petition, mentioned of the ship prize-master and made oath that the facts set forth therein are true and just
in
is
every part.
Sworn Chairman.
as
1,
issued out to the
to before
me,
ED'D POPE,
Just.
Pads.
IN COUNCIL, November 15, 1776. On reading the Petilate Commander of the ship Captain John Harvey,
tion of
Easter,
IN COUNCIL, November 1, 1776. Read, and thereupon Ordered, That Daniel Hopkins, Esq., be a Committee to
Ordered, That the prayer thereof be granted, and that he have liberty to purchase a vessel not exceeding seventy
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
423
tons, in order to transport himself and his family, consisting of his wife, four children, and five servants, to Jamaica,
taking with him nothing more than necessary provisions for the voyage. 'And in order to enable him to navigate his
he is also hereby permitted to take with him Anthony Dickerson, John Taylor, Edward Harvey, William Dodge, and John Munroe, as Mariners to enable him to navigate
&c.,
for
hereby recommended to all American cruisers to suffer the said Captain Harvey to pass with his vessel, company, and passengers, unmolested.
And
'tis
PETITION OF WILLIAM TOBEY. State
To
o/ MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in NEW ENGLAND: and honourable House of Rep-
the honourable Council
of said State in General Court assembled, NOVEMBER, 1776 The Petition of WILLIAM TOBEY, of SANDWICH, in the County of BARNSTABLE, humbly showeth : That your petitioner hath served this State during the summer past, on the Island of Naushann; that he was first Sergeant in the company whereof Elisha Nye was Captain, resentatives
:
and John Russell Stc2>hen Nye, Jun., First Lieutenant, Second Lieutenant. That on June 27 last, the said John Russell was commissioned as Captain of a company raised
1,
1776.
424
such purposes and appropriations as the law empowered Court to grant Therefore, Resolved, That said Account be allowed.
said
:
vessel,
his vessel.
NOVEMBER
PETITION OF URIAH OAKES AND WILLIAM SHATTUCK. State
To
of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY
:
now sitting in WATF.RTOWN: OAKES and WILLIAM SHATTUCK, UKIAH of
the honourable the Council
The Petition
of BOSTON, humbly showeth
That your
petitioners,
JIawke, burthen eighty tons, armed with ten carriage guns, four-pounders, ten swivels, and fifty muskets, five hundred weight of powder and shot in proportion navigated by John Smith, First eighty men Jonathan Oakcs, Captain Lieutenant John Dexter, 2d do. Smith Kent, Master; has on board as provisions fifty barrels pork and beef, three thousand weight of bread. Said brigantine is designed to cruise against the enemies of these United States. Your petitioners would therefore humbly request your Honours to commission said brigantine and commander for the purposes above-mentioned. And, as in duty bound, ;
;
;
;
;
shall ever pray.
WM. SHATTUCK, URIAH OAKES.
Boston, November 2d, 1776.
defence of the Island of Martha's Vineyard, from which time your petitioner, at the request and desire of Major Barachia Bassett, (who was the chief commander of the
IN COUNCIL, November 2d, 1776. That Commission be issued out to
on said Island,) hath done the duty of a Second Lieutenant in said company, and expected to have That in the received a commission therefor, but hath not.
plying with the resolves of Congress.
for the
forces stationed
muster-roll
made up by
said Captain
Nye,
to the 1st
done the duty of a Second Lieutenant for more than two months before that time, by which your petitioner received thirty-eight shillings less (as he apprehends) than he ought to have done. Your petitioner, therefore, humbly prays
your Honours to take his case under your consideration, and allow him the thirty-eight shillings due before the 1st of September, and wages as Second Lieutenant in the musterroll from the 1st of September to the 21st of November.
your petitioner
shall, as in
duty bound, ever pray.
WILLIAM TOBEY. This
above William Tobey, at the special and appointment of Major Bassett and myself, request performed the duty of a Second Lieutenant in the company under my command, from the 1st of July until they were certifies that the
dismissed.
Attest
Captain ELISHA NYE.
:
The Committee appointed beg leave
to consider of the within Peti-
by way of Resolve Resolved, That there be paid out of the Treasury of this State to the within-named William Toby, the sum of one Pound eighteen Shillings, in addition to his pay as a Sergeant, to the 1st day of September last, and that he also receive pay as a Second Lieutenant from the said 1st day of September tion,
to report
RESOLVE ALLOWING THE ACCOUNTS OF THE TREASURER FOR THE COUNTY OF SUFFOLK. 1, 1776.
Whereas it appears upon examination of the Accounts of the Treasurer for the County of Suffolk, that all the Moneys granted and allowed by the Court of General Sessions of the Peace for said County, for the year 1774, were such purposes and appropriations as the law empowered said Court to grant: for
Therefore, Resolved, That said Account be allowed.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
RESOLVE ALLOWING THE ACCOUNTS OF THE COUNTY TREASURER FOR SUFFOLK. Passed November
Secretary.
RESOLVE FOR SUPPLYING THE ARMY WITH CLOTHING. Passed November 2, 1776.
Resolved, That the several Committees appointed by this Court to purchase Clothing for the Continental Army be,
nnd they hereby are, directed to pack up, bale, number, and invoice all the Clothing they have already procured, and forward, with the utmost despatch, two-thirds thereof to Head-Quarters, at New-York, there to be delivered to the Quartermaster-General for the benefit of said Army, or as the General may otherways order; the other third to be forwarded, with the same despatch and in the safest way, to
Head-Quarters at Ticonderoga, there to be delivered to the Quartermaster-General for the benefit of the Army at those And the parts, or as the General may otherwise order. said
Committees are hereby directed
to order the persons
who may convey the Clothing before-mentioned to NewYork and Ticonderoga, to take duplicate receipts for the same of the Quartermaster-General of each department one of them to be lodged in the Secretary's office, and the other to be transmitted to the President of the Congress, in order :
that this State
1,
1776.
appears upon examination of the several Accounts of the County Treasurer for Su/olk, that all the Moneys granted and allowed by the Court of General Sessions of the Peace for said County, for the year 1775, were
may receive may be.
the pay for the cost of said
Clothing as soon as
And
Committee be, and they are hereby, diempowered to procure for the use of the new American Army, twenty thousand Woollen Jackets with that said
rected and
twenty thousand Shirts, ten thousand Blankets, ten thousand Pelt Hats or Leather Caps, twenty thousand pair of Hose, twenty thousand pair of Shoes, and ten thousand pair of Overalls, to be by them sold and delivered to the Quartermaster-General of said Army whenever he shall
sleeves,
apply for the same, and make report of this State of their doings thereon.
to
the General Court
RESOLVE ON THE PETITION OF DAVID SMEAD. Passed November
On
the Petition of
2, 1776.
David Smead and
field, relative to purchasing Guns, Resolved, That the State's Treasurer
the
Whereas
of said Brigantine, he com-
:
to the time of his discharge.
Passed November
Commander
athan Oakes, as
Read, and Ordered, the above-named Jon-
of Sep-
tember, your petitioner received wages as a Sergeant only, at the rate of forty-four shillings per month, although he had
And
:
owners of the brigantine called the
sum of
thirteen
Smead, one of he pay
it
the
Pounds seventeen
others, of
be ordered Shillings to
Greento
pay
David
Selectmen of said Greenfield, and that of whom the said Guns were
to the several persons
purchased.
it
RESOLVE RELATIVE TO CASTING CANNON. Passed November
Resolved,
2, 1776.
That the Committee appointod
to erect or
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
425
Air-Furnace for casting and boring large Canpurchase an of this State he, and they hereby are, emuse the for non to import from Philadelphia, for the and directed powered use of such Furnace, two hundred tons of Pig Iron; and said Committee are also hereby empowered to draw bills on the Delegates of this State at the honourable Continental in their hands, sufCongress for a sum, supposed to be now . ficient to pay for the same. And it is also Resolved, That there be paid out of the this State unto said Committee, the sum publick Treasury of of two thousand Pounds, to enable them to defray all the with the Coal they have charges of said Furnace, together all such other materials as they may and already purchased, the business aforesaid into full judge necessary for carrying effect: said Committee being accountable to the General Court for the expenditure of those and all other sums put
into their hands for the purpose aforesaid.
And it is farther Resolved, That Brigadier Palmer, Mr. Cheever, and Captain Adams do, as soon as may be, direct the aforesaid Committee what sizes of Cannon, and what shall be made, so that they may be proportion of each size, enabled to prepare the patterns for the same without delay. It is also Resolved, That Captain Thomas Hooper be of Committee, in the room and stead of Deacon Washburne, who is employed in other service.
this
It is also
further Resolved, That said Committee
make
further inquiry after the best and largest quantities of Ore, and the most suitable place for a blast Furnace for working
the same, for the purposes aforesaid, and to report. And it is also Resolved, That said Committee are hereby to
empowered Engineer,
now
De Meresquelles, a French the business for which they
employ Monsieur in
Boston,
in
are appointed, and to make such agreements with him as therein they shall think proper for overseeing and directing
under them, or
for
to them his knowledge in manner of conducting the
communicating
the said business, and the best
same.
NOVEMBER
fcc.,
2,
1776.
426
greatest distress, our venerable ancestors came to this land when it was a savage and dangerous wilderness, terrible to
Here they
the civilized eye. pleasing
hope of
their
toiled and bled, with the posterity enjoying that freedom for
which they encountered every difficulty and braved every danger; and could their virtue have been inherited with the fruit of their toil, and their simplicity of manners and integrity of heart been transmitted to all their posterity, America would now have been the seat of peace and plenty. But such has been the avarice of some and the ambition of others amongst us, that the King and Parliament of Great Britain have been fatally persuaded to claim this whole Continent, with its three millions of inhabitants, as their own property, and to be at their disposal. In opposition to this unjuytifiable claim, most obviously founded in tyranny, after loyally petitioning and dutifully remonstrating, without effect, you have gallantly taken the field, and the salvation of your country, the happiness of future generations, as well as your own, depends upon your noble exertions.
"This Assembly, feeling for the sufferings and hardships you have endured, has taken proper steps to have supplies of covering, clothing, vegetables, and all other necessaries your comfort, speedily in the camp, with proper commissaries to deliver them, at the prime cost and charges of transportation, as they may be wanted, thereby to prevent for
the imposition of sutlers, which you have too long laboured under; and, being fully sensible how much depends upon your courage and patriotism, will at all times make it their particular business to render your lives as comfortable as the nature of the service will admit of; and do entreat and to urge you, by the sacred ties of blood and friendship,
exert every nerve in this glorious struggle ; for should you, for any reason, and quit your posts, disgracefully turn your backs on your enemies, wild carnage, barbarous and bloody
must spread like a hideous torrent over your ruined country; your fair possessions, the fruit of honest industry, must own new masters; while yourselves, your
desolation
your wives and innocent infants, must be destitute of a place of rest, insulted and abused by exasperated, unfeeling task-masters, scourged by mercenary slaves of foreign despots, denied even the happiness of hope, and borne down with poverty and despair. " When the people of all ranks in this country consider the zeal with which you engaged in their defence, and how cheerfully you have endured the fatigues and hardships of the camp, they must be filled with the highest gratitude and friends,
ADDRESS TO THE OFFICERS AND PRIVATE SOLDIERS WHO ARE GONE FROM THIS STATE TO THE ARMY. Passed November
2, 1776.
Resolved, That the following Address from the General
Court of
this
State to the Officers and
Private Soldiers
who
are gone from thence, and are serving in the American Army, be printed in two thousand handbills, and immedintely forwarded to the Committees from this State in the
Southern and Northern Armies, to be by them dispersed
among
the soldiery there
:
tion,
"Friends and fellow sufferers
"The
and created the human race with such an equality of power that no one had the right of domination over another, but each had the privilege of drawing
faculty of reason,
his abilities into exertion
for his
own
happiness,
which consisted greatly in social life. However, such vices and corruptions soon thrust themselves into the human mind, that reason became dim, and government necessary to the preservation
of society
;
but the form of just government it must at all times have
depended upon, and the powers of
been derived from, the people over whom it was exercised. under such government men might be free and happy. " But when the tyrants of the earth began to transgress the
And
sacred line of property, and claim their fellow men as slaves, and to exercise lawless power over them, the intentions of
government were subverted war in defence of the dignity of human nature was introduced, and men began to take the field of battle on behalf of freedom. ;
"No
people or nation since that time could exist in a and affluence, without becoming the envy of
state of ease
some rapacious despot. Hence it some time or other called forth to
is,
that
all
have been
at
the field of battle in de-
fence of their indubitable rights and when they have defended those inestimable blessings (bestowed by their allmerciful Creator) with a courage, magnanimity, and firmness becoming freemen, they have effectually secured them but from those amongst whom timidity, indolence, and discord have taken place, the genius Liberty has taken her flight, and dwelt with minds more suitable for her abode. " For the free exercise of in the liberty, more ;
;
especially
worship of that almighty Being
as
it
who
supported them
in
the
shall learn to speak the fame of those nobly dared to face that death and despise
rises,
who
worthies
:
beneficent Creator of the universe bestowed on
mankind the noble
confidence, and enroll your names where they will be honourably preserved to the end of time ; while each genera-
that danger
which stood between them and
their country's
happiness.
"This Assembly can by no means conceive
that
men
who have always
dwelt beneath the sacred boughs of liberty, and have been educated in the most liberal sentiments, and hitherto greatly distinguished for patriotism and publick virtue, can need much persuasion to induce them to tarry after their term of inlistment is expired, as proposed to you in a resolve of this Court, when, if they return, war must follow them to their own door, and the din of arms will forbid that ease and rest which in times of peace may be enjoyed in domestick life. " Let, therefore, your love to your country, we beseech you. be shown in your perseverance at a time when you are not under those obligations which are designed more for mercenaries and slaves than those who are bravely fighting to save from
impending ruin that land which gave them
And
while you are thus gallantly employed in the most important and noble cause that any part of the human birth.
race has fought
for, this
Assembly again assures you
that
it
be their particular concern to give you comfortable and we trust, that supplies and necessary reinforcements; under the smiles of that almighty and merciful Being who rules in the armies of Heaven, and who is the disposer of all events, you will be crowned with a glorious victory, and shall
return
honourably from the
distressed
field,
bringing deliverance to
America."
Ordered, That the above Address be signed by the President of the Council, and that Mr. John Pitts be apin handbills, pointed and directed to have the same printed
and sent
to the
Committees, as
is
above provided.
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
427
honourable House
RESOLVE ON THE PETITION OF ROBERT BASDEN. Passed November
On
the Memorial of Robert Basden,
weeks, at 4s. 4$d. per week, the said eighteen weeks beginning the 25th of June, 1776.
the honourable the Council and the honourable the House of Representatives of the State of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, now sitting at WATERTOWN: The Memorial of RICHARD DERBY, of SALEM, humbly
To
showeth the 4th July
last,
thence on the 18th September last, bound for Liverpool, But on or about about ten leagues west of Halifax. the 18th October, Mr. Ephraim Little, the Mate, aided by others, mariners on board said schooner, in a very rude manner, demanded the master's and vessel's papers, took command of said schooner, and forcibly carried her into Dartmouth, in this State, where the said Mr. Little has libelled the said schooner and cargo in the Maritime Court, with an intent to have her and her cargo condemned as prize to
him and the mariners who were aiding and
That
join,
428
be a Committee
make
to
in-
concurrence.
for
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
RESOLVE RESPECTING THE ESTATES OF REFUGEES. In the
Whereas
House
of Representatives,
November
4th, 1776.
appears the good designs of a Resolve of the General Assembly, passed the 19th of April last, respecting it
the Estates, Real and Personal, of such persons as joined our unnatural enemies, or had in a hostile manner been endeavouring to enslave the United Colonies of America, is in some considerable degree defeated by the conduct of several
persons in this State unfriendly to the American cause, and the Committees of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety
thereby prevented carrying said Resolve fully into execu-
:
Captain Christopher Bassett, in the schooner Polly, sailed from Halifax to Guadaloup, and arrived there on or about the 28th of the same month, where he sold his cargo of fish, and loaded the same schooner with molasses and sugar, and sailed from
in bringing her in.
Sent down
for eighteen
MEMORIAL OF RICHARD DERBY.
That on or about
may
1776.
4,
quiry relative to the facts set forth in the above Petition, and report what is necessary to be done thereon.
2, 1776.
Resolved, That there be allowed and paid to John Jones, of Hopkinton, Esq., out of the publick Treasury of this State, for the support of the within-mentioned son of the 3 18s. 9d., above-named Robert Basden, the sum of
being the amount of rations
NOVEMBER
fcc.,
at the time
assisting
of said schooner
sail-
tion
:
is, therefore, Resolved, That the Committees of Correspondence, Safety and Inspection in the several towns and plantations in this State be, and they hereby are, empowered, whenever they shall have just cause to suspect any person or persons in the respective towns where such Com-
It
mittees are appointed, of having taken, or holding in his or their possession, any part of the Personal Estate of such
person or persons as described by said resolve of April, and shall refuse to deliver the same Committee, to cause the said person or persons to be sworn before one of the Justices within
of the 19lh to
the said
so suspected the County
where such suspected person resides, respecting the premises; and whatever Personal Estate may be found the property of the persons before described by said resolve, the said Committee are hereby directed to dispose of agreeable to
ing from Halifax she was, and is now, the property of Mr. William Boden, late of Marblehead, and was freighted one-
said resolve of the 19th of April. And if any person justly suspected as aforesaid shall refuse to give said Committee
by the said Mr. Boden and the other two-thirds by Mr. John Prince, late of Salem. Your memorialist is far, very far from justifying the conduct of the said Mr. Prince; though at the same time he would observe to your Honours, that he knows not of his having any way acted against the United States of America; and the only crime, as he ap-
satisfaction
third
prehends, he can be charged with, is his leaving the country when he should have joined and been aiding and assisting in defending the just rights of America. Your memorialist further observe, that Mr. Prince has, in stances, relieved the inhabitants of these States
would
many inwhen car-
ried to Halifax by the British cruisers, and to some he has generously given considerable sums of money; and amongst the present captors there are some whom the said Mr. Prince has kept and supported in his own house, and screened and protected them when in danger of being impressed on board the British ships of war ; and one of them
he furnished with an adventure when he had not a farthing to pay him for it, or even to help himself; and even this very same Mr. Little he relieved when in difficult and distressed circumstances, by paying his board and the like, supplied him with fourteen quintals of fish for his adventure, and took him into his service, when it was totally out of his power to help himself. Your memorialist apprehends that such proceedings as the above related, (which are what facts he can collect from Captain Bassett and from Captain Lee, of this town, the latter of whom was a passenger on board,) are and will be productive of
evils, and if not now deemed apprehension, they have a direct tendency
many and great
piracy, yet, in his to it ; and, in the
present case, your memorialist apprehends Mr. Little and his company are guilty of the highest act of perfidy and the greatest breach of trust, and for which they ought, in justice, to be punished. Your memorialist therefore humbly prays that your Honours would be pleased to take this matter into your wise consideration, and not suffer the said vessel and cargo to be sold and distributed amongst the captors, but retain the same in the hands of Government, for the use and benefit of those whom your Honours may hereafter find to be the proper owners, or for the creditors of the said Mr. Prince. that the said
upon oath, or that may appear, after examination to have in his possession, or in any manner conoath, upon cealed, any of the personal effects of any such inimical persons,
shall refuse to deliver
up the same
to said
Com-
tions within this State are
of the names of
all
hereby directed to exhibit a list such persons to the General Assembly
as soon as may be. And any person in possession of any such Real Estate, and not holding the same by lease or other written instrument, as mentioned in said resolve of the 19th of April, refusing to deliver the possession thereof to the
town where the same lies, any two JusCounty, upon application from the Committee aforesaid, shall make out their warrant to the Sheriff of the County, either of his Deputies, or to the Constable of the town, commanding him to dispossess such occupant, and to deliver possession thereof to the Committee of said town.
Committee of
said
tices of the said
PETITION OF
To the honourable
EDWARD BROWN.
TOWN
House ofRepresentatives and now silting at WATER-
the Council and
in General Court assembled, :
The Petition of EDWARD BROWN, of
the
CORD, humbly showeth
That your to the
petitioner has for years past
advantage of the publick; and
in
Town of CON-
:
made
lime,
much
making the same
am
gunpowder to break the stone. no day, powder to be purchased for
obliged to use considerable
There
being, at this as it were in time past, and have
now a part of a kiln already to bum, but cannot procure powder to break the rest of the stone, thereby the publick much disappointed ; desire therefore I may, for purchasing, have one quarter of a hundred of powder out of the publick stock. And money,
your
petitioner, as in
duty bound, shall ever pray.
EDWARD BROWN. Concord, October the 28th, 1776.
RESOLVE FOR SENDING SALTPETRE TO LIVINGSTON'S POWDER
RICH'D DERBY.
MILLS.
Salem, November 4th, 1776.
IN COUNCIL, November 6, 1776. Read, and thereupon Resolved, That Samuel Holton, Esq., with such as the
and
mittee, every such person shall be deemed unfriendly to this State; and the Committees of the several towns and planta-
Passed November
On
4, 1776.
Committee of Philadelphia, Resolved, That Mr. Fisk, Colonel Smith, and Mr. John a Letter from the Secret
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
429
Balls be, and they hereby are appointed a Committee to procure Teams for the conveying the ten tons of Saltpetre sent into this State from Philadelphia, and convey the same to Mr. John R. Livingston's Powder Mills, near New- York, agreeable to the request of the above-mentioned Secret Committee; the said
Council Chamber,
November
PETITION OF THE COMMITTEE OF DEER-ISLAND.
and House of Representatives MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in General Court
the honourable Council
the Slate 0/" :
the Committee
of DEER-!SLAND, humbly *,
shoiveth:
That we received the Council's directions with regard to Nathan Jones ; have endeavoured to follow them applied, as directed, to Thomas Stinson, Esq., for his assistance ;
;
have retaken the sloop Sally by a warrant brought her back to the place from whence by force and arms she was taken. Also the Justice sent a warrant for said Jones and his abettors, but have not been able to take any except four, and those only of the lower sort, whom we have reason to think were deluded by the false representations of their heads or leaders. Jones is gone, it is said, after his mother, who plundered Mr. Hunt's house in Boston, to bring her back again into the Province; whether to Halifax or not we presume not to say it is undoubtedly true in our minds, he is gone into the Province of Nova-Scotia. These four that are taken, upon their examination say, that Jones told them that he had an order to do in the manner he did from Mr. James Sullivan, a member of the General Court and that that was the reason why they took arms against the authority of this State. That one Philip Hotchkins was appointed, in their expedition to Deer-Island, as Sailing Master; one Lebbe as ;
;
;
Captain of their Marines; that when they came to the vessel they were ordered to load their guns had a guard placed while they were rigging the vessel that said Jones told them he would employ the vessel in going to St. Peter's after provisions, and that those would not assist him should not have any. He also has said, we find upon inquiry, that he would rather all North America should sink with an earthquake than that the Ministry should lose the day; that he would be damned, if he knew any one to be a rebel, before he would supply him with one toothful of corn that he wished to God that he himself was in England; has advised the poor people in distress and inquiring of him, after the Lexington battle, what they should do for ;
;
;
life,
to sign a petition to
and then promised that
on said Island,) and brought said sloop into the harbour of New-Bristol, in said bay. Said Jones came to my house soon after the vessel was taken, and demanded for said Jones,
5, 1776.
Ordered, That Captain Jno. Foster Williams be directed from on board the privateer-sloop Republick, under his command, as many of those Seamen taken in the ship Julius Ccesaras incline and shall in fact enter on board any armed vessel in this or any of the United Slates, and those of them who incline to go to Halifax be retained on board the said sloop till further orders.
the necessaries of
430
with staves for Ireland, as I verily believe, (having inquired and been informed by several persons who had made staves
to discharge
assembled
1776.
and say, that on the 30th day of August, A. D. 1775, a number of men from Deer-Island and Naskeig took a sloop belonging to Nathan Jones, Esq., which was bound to the Island of Mount Desart, in said bay, to load
John R. Livingston paying the expense of
Iii
The Petition of
5,
testify
ORDER TO CAPTAIN JOHN FOSTER WILLIAMS.
for
NOVEMBER
NEW-BRISTOL, in FRENCHMAN'S BAY, 3d October, 1776: I, John Bane, of said New-Bristol, of lawful age, do
transportation.
To
&c.,
Governour Gage,
they did he would supply them. He has corresponded with his brother, who broke from Concord Jail, now with the enemy, as appear by an intercepted letter; and, to complete his innumerable other crimes, has taken up arms against the authority of this State, as was if
before hinted, in carrying off the aforesaid vessel. He has not only sent his own, but has also chartered another vessel to supply Nova-Scotia. These things, gentlemen, are but only a few of the many facts which have been made to
of Thomas Stintson, Esq., William Reed, Joseph Patrick, and some others, who appeared to be the chiefs of the party who took the vessel, for what reason they took his vessel.
They answered, because it was contrary to the orders of the grand Congress for any vessel to go with staves to Ireland. Said Jones told them that he knew after the 1 Oth of September all vessels were prohibited by the Congress from going there, but not before, or words to that effect. They replied, his vessel was their prize, and they would keep her. Said Jones desired that the vessel might be left under the care of the Committee of Frenchman's Bay, and he would give bonds to answer for his conduct before the honourable House of Assembly of this State, or go himself with them but they refused, and left said Jones at rny house, and went on board the vessel. Afterwards, to wit, on the evening of ;
same day, they sent a paper to my. house, containing the following words, viz : " This may certify, this body of men now have the sloop the
Sally and the schooner Nightingale now in custody, emto inform the owners and concerned that they are determined to carry said vessels
power the Rev. Joseph Patrick
Naskeig or Deer-Island, and appoint a committee to sit upon them, where those concerned may appear, and show reason, if any they have, why they should not be condemned." The next morning they brought the sloop to sail, and to
Frenchman's Bay. And do further declare, that on the 4th day of September following, at a meeting of the Committees of several districts lying eastward and westward of said Frenchman's Bay, John Springer, Ezra Young, and myself, were chosen by them to examine by what authority the people of DeerIsland and Naskeig had taken said sloop and two other vessels out of Frenchman's Bay. Accordingly, I went to Deer-Island, and applied there to the Committee to know by what authority they acted and received for answer, that Mr. Patrick had brought down orders from the Congress to 1 then asked to seize all vessels, or words to that effect. but said Committee told me that Mr. Patsee the orders rick came away in a hurry, and did not bring the papers carried her out of the harbour of I
;
;
with him, but that there certainly was such orders out.
JOHN BANE. John Shaio, of Gouldsborough, of lawful age, do tesand say, that on the 29th day of August, A. D. 1775, of said Gouldsbeing employed by Nathan Jones, Esq., of barrel staves, which said boro', to collect a quantity Jones had agreed to purchase of sundry persons living on I,
tify
of Mount Desart, to load his sloop Sally for Ireland, I proceeded in said sloop from said Jones's wharf, in said Gouldsboro', about one o'clock in the afternoon, the Island
for said island, being about ten or twelve miles distance, between two and three having on board said sloop one bull years old, and about two or three thousand of barrel staves, About seven o'clock the next with a gundelo in tow. still on board said sloop, in Frenchman's morning, being of said Island of Mount Bay, within one mile distance of men armed with musDesart, I saw several boats full within gun-shot of said sloop, and hailed who came
to us, and we trust will also appear to any gentlemen who may be appointed to inquire into his character; and had we not viewed as an indispensable duty, would not kets, up have done it; but, as a whole country weighs much heavier and order us to heave to. Simon Gross, who acted as The helm is hard in our minds than interest of any individual person, we master on board said sloop, answered, came which side, and jumped on therefore make them known. along Honours direct us they down; Beg your upon what we ought further to do. Knowing the affair to be of board, with their muskets in their hands. Some went on
appear
importance
to
our infant country, have taken the most early Not doubting your ready in duty bound, will ever
opportunity to make this report. compliance, your petitioner, as pray, &c.
Chairman of
JOSEPH COLEBE, the
Committee of Safety, Inspection,
Deer-Island, September 20, 1776.
fyc.
others into the others went forward ; I staid on deck a few minutes, and observing that case-bottle of rum out of the cabin, went they had got a down into the cabin, and there saw another of the people the
quarter-deck
;
cabin.
I followed him case-bottle of rum out. carrying another What do you mean by this? Who is and said, deck, upon
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
431
William Reed, of Nasasked what he intended
One
commander on board now?
keig, said be was commander. to do with the sloop and us.
I
He
replied that they
were
or Deer-Island, and agoing to carry the sloop to Naskeig us too. I desired to know for reason they took the sloop, telling them I was only a passenger going to collect a cargo for the sloop; said Reed
to
Mount Dcsart
answered, that it was against the orders of the Congress to send any vessel
I told him to Ireland, and that the sloop was their prize. that any vessel might go to Ireland till the 10th of September. He said that Mr. Patrick, the minister of Deer-Island,
and brought orders to take all just came from Court, vessels that were loading for Ireland, or words to that effect. into the boats, and began to tow Six or men then
had
:
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Mr. Joseph Colby, Chairman spondence, &c.
;
After staying in the cabin about half an hour, said Reed came down. I asked if were to be kept confined to the cabin, and said
Reed answered
it it
was ill usage, or words to that effect. was a mistake in the sentry, and that we
or stay below, or words to liberty to go on deck to Newthat effect. They then proceeded with the sloop to for 1 anchor. to came liberty and Bristol applied at
Point,
to go, after promising to go on shore, and was permitted on I went shore, and tarried two return again on board. or three hours, and then returned on board, and desired Reed said I should go they would permit me to go home. I did not care ; I dare I said them. to Deer-Island with had business with but me dare where they carry they go to the me, and had better let me alone, as I did not belong the said Reed's of Some that effect. words to or vessel, would not be plagued with party told me to go along; they the sloop, and returned I left me on board upon which home. And further saith not. JOHN SHAW. ;
;
MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, LINCOLN County, of GouLDSBoao', 5th October, 1776 Then the said John personally appeared and after being the
:
;
cautioned to
carefully examined, and duly truth relating to the action in
which
is
testify the
to
be used,
whole
made
oath to the truth of the same.
the Petition of the Committee of have attended that service, of Deer-Island, Correspondence and finding the subject-matter of said Petition is proper to be considered by the whole General Court, in the mean time are of opinion that the within draft of a Letter be sent to
Committee of Deer-Island. BENJ. CHADBOURN, per
the said
of lawful age, testifies Deposition of John Robison, That on 23d day of July, he was boarded by Colonel Nathan Jones, in a large canoe, with four men, :
who were going to take a sloop detained by the Court; they me to go with them. guarded my house, and commanded I went, and declare that there I was forced to do the same. were with me, viz Philip Hochchis, Shem Hotchkis, Jo:
teph Barker, Robert Yong,
Salasbury 3, Lobbe, Benjamin Ash,
Stinson,
Yong, Clark,
Googens.
He
also declared to
me
that the gentlemen of the Court told him that he, i. e., the said Jones, should go and take away from Deer-Island.
And
order.
Frenchman's Bay, New-Bristol, August 31, 1775.
MAY
PLEASE YOUR HONOURS Yesterday a number of men from Deer-Island and Naskeig, commanded by Captain Read, of said Naskeig, and Mr. Patrick, of Deer-Island, took a sloop belonging to Nathan Jones, Esq., which was bound to Mount Desert harbour, in this bay, to load with staves for Ireland, and brought her into this harbour. As soon as Mr. Jones was informed of it, he waited on Captain Read, Mr. Patrick, and several of the principal men who had the vessel in possession, and desired to know for what IT
:
reason they took the vessel ? when they informed him, that it was contrary to the resolves of the Grand Congress for any vessel
that he
Mr. Jones told them to carry staves to Ireland. was sensible that after the 10th September all vessels
were prohibited going there; but
furthermore the deponent saith not.
JOHN ROBEISON. July the 31st, 1776.
The above-named John Robeson me and made oath to the truth
before tlon>
personally appeared of the above Deposi-
THOMAS STINSON,
J. Peace.
Said Jones not notified, being above twenty miles dis-
till
then he thought he had
a right to send his vessel there. They then told vessel was their prize, and they would keep her. desired that the vessel might be left with the
him
He
his
then
Committee
of Frenchman's Bay, and he would give bonds to answer for his conduct before the honourable House of Assembly, or go himself with them ; but they refused, and this day have carried her out of this bay.
We
the subscribers certify, that
we have
diligently ob-
served the conduct of Mr. Jones, and can find nothing to object against him; and we believe he has not broke through
any of the acts of the Congress by sending to their resolves.
The
saith
Secretary.
Committee of Corre-
The Committee upon
the West-Indies in
and
to Uie
and a sen-
I went below again to let me, companion door, refused or any of the men who belonged to the sloop, go on deck.
being calm.
it
State
432
1776.
on that occasion, and he to deal with them according as the law directs. By order of the major part of the Council
the try being placed at
were
5,
got
eight
the sloop,
NOVEMBER
fee.,
The
May
vessel that last;
his vessel contrary
was taken returned from
since which, she has been to
Annapolis Royal twice with boards, and brought back bay and live stock into this bay, and here landed them; and we believe that the vessel has never been any where besides since her return from the West-Indies.
At a meeting of the Delegates from the several settlements between Penobscot and Machias, said Jones declared himself to be a friend to his country, and that he would conform to the rules and orders of Congress or House of Assembly of this Province, which was accepted by them, and he was then recommended by them to the friendship and esteem of his fellow-countrymen, and he has at all times since behaved as a friend to his country, and we think he Therefore ought to be treated as such by his countrymen. we humbly pray your Honours would take the matter into your wise consideration; and if your Honours find that Mr. Jones has not transgressed, we pray that he may have his vessel returned to him again. j
p>
of Frenchman' s Bay. James Richardson, Abraham Somes, Committee for Mount Chairman of
the Committee
Desert, South-District.
tance.
The Council Chamber, Watertown, August 22, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The General Court is to meet the next week, when your petition presented by Mr. Patrick shall be laid before the whole Court, and doubt not but the subjectbe duly considered. In the mean time, in regard to Nathan Jones taking the sloop Sally from you, committed to your care by the General Court, in the manner you have represented, the Council highly disapprove of his and his abettors' conduct, and recommend to
matter therein contained
you legal
will
to recover
said sloop into your custody again in any shall think proper, and that you apply to Stinson, Esquire, Justice of the Peace for the
method you
Thomas
County of Lincoln, conduct of
said
for
his
Jones and
assistance in inquiring into the
his abettors'
conduct towards you
Deposition of Daniel Sullivan, of lawful age, being by and before the Committee of Deer-Island and
called on
Naskcag, testifieth and says: That about two or three month ago Captain Agrccn Crabtree, of Frenchman's Bay,
came from
the West-Indies, master of the sloop Sally,
Na-
than Jones owner; that he, the said Crabtree, brought a quantity of tea, likewise his mate, Mr. Groos, and one of his hands, Mr. Carttcn; said Groos told me that he sold his to Mrs. Jones, and Mrs. Jones told me that she had bought it; as to Captain Crabtree, he sold his about in said bay. I told our Committee of it, desired that it ought to take it in hand but nothing was done. Said Captain Crabtree then proceeded to Nova-Scotia Government with lumber, two and one of his hands told rne that he, the said Crabtrips tree, had brought tea from Nova-Scotia in said voyage, and ;
;
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
433
then said Jones then chartered said sloop to one Savage, to carry staves to Ireland. All this time, when said Committee and others from Naskeag, I heard Eleazer Crabtree threaten to take said sloop away by force of arms, and said that the and Court allowed any to be Tory that had a Congress
mind
to
behave
so, the
same
as they allow the
erty of conscience.
lib-
Quakers
DAN>L SuLLIVAN>
Frenchman's Bay, August the 31, 1775.
N. B. The said Sullivan testifies and says, that he did hear said Jones and his clerk, John Shaw, say, that the above sloop could go where she had a mind to, for she had got a Halifax bottom.
DAN>L S
fcc.,
NOVEMBER
4,
1776.
434
Committee should detain said sloop till the further order of said Court; and a resolution passed the honourable House and Council lately, whereby the said Committee are directed libel said sloop ; but the major part of the Council do not consent to the same; by means of all which your petitioner is debarred the benefit of the act of Government,
to
and also of a
trial
by a jury, to whose decision he
And
at all times to submit his conduct.
is
willing
done at the solicitation of one Mr. Patrick, whose deportment and character your petitioner conceives is sufficient to render him below the notice of the honourable Assembly. Your petitioner prays that he may not have his property this
is all
taken from him, or himself condemned, without an impartial according to the laws of the Government, in which trial he is so much assured of the rectitude of his dealings that
trial
The Committee
of both Houses appointed to take into
Chairman of the Committee of Correspondence, Safety, and Inspection, of Deer-Island, in the County of Lincoln, have attended that service, and beg leave to report, as their opinion, that the consideration the Petition of Joseph Colby,
honourable Council have given such directions to Joseph Colby, in his said capacity as Chairman, &tc., as will be sufficient for recovering the sloop Sally, and also for examining into the conduct of Nathan Jones and his abettors, and
dealing with them as the law directs. And as to the ten guns represented to be lost by the oversetting of a boat, your Committee are of opinion that the fact is not sufficiently supported. All which is humbly
submitted.
IN COUNCIL, September 5, 1776. Read, and concurred. SAM'L ADAMS, Secretary.
PETITION OF NATHAN JONES.
To
the honourable the Council
and House of Representa-
of the State O/MASSACHUSETTS-BAY The Petition of NATHAN JONES, of Gouldsboro', in the County of LINCOLN, humbly showeth : That whereas your petitioner has this day been informed a complaint has been exhibited against him by the Committee of a place called Deer-Island, or by some person in their behalf, setting forth that your petitioner was inimical to the free and independent States of America; had by force and arms taken a sloop from said Committee of Deer-Island; and to complete their diabolical purpose, that your petitioner was fled to Halifax for protection: Wherefore your petitioner humbly prays your Honours that he may have a tives
:
respecting the subject-matter of said complaint, before any determination is made thereon.
hearing
And
your
petitioner, as in
duty bound, will ever pray, &.c.
NATHAN Watertown, October
JONES.
16, 1776.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, October 16th, 1116. Read, and committed to the Committee on the Petition from Deer-Island.
he has no doubt of an acquittal. And, as in duty bound, will ever pray.
NATHAN
To
JONES.
and House of Representaof the Colony of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY in Gen-
the honourable the Council
tives
era/ Court assembled:
The Petition of
of DEER-!SLAND humbly showeth : That whereas a number of the inhabitants of said Island and No. 4 Nasgeeg did, on the 30th of August, 1775, take into custody a sloop named the Sally, which had been the Committee
transgressing the resolves of the Continental Association, and delivered the said sloop to us the said Committee, the
subject-matter of which we immediately reported to the honourable Court, that we might receive their order thereon, which was the detention of the said sloop under the care of this Committee until the further order of this honourable Court.
This
trust the
Committee have endeavoured
faithfully to
execute, and have patiently waited the further order of Court, until Wednesday, the 24th of July, Nathan Jones, Esq., and with him a large number of others, armed with guns, pistols, &c., in five or six boats, appeared in sight, who, in the utmost hurry, went on board said sloop, bent her sails, which were stowed away; and when asked
by
one of the Committee, who only with two men more were permitted to go on board, who asked who commanded the mob, was answered by said Jones, he commanded the party; being again demanded by what authority, he answered he took her as his own property; he was then forbid to carry off said vessel, but to no effect, for he immediately had her under way, and in open defiance to all authority went off once more equipt to feed the unnatural enemies of America, who, from day to day, are plundering our sea-coast, taking all our fishing vessels they can lay hands on, of which we have some melancholy instances of late, hereby reducing the friends of the country to utmost distress, in particular manner this Island, where we have reason to suspect they are aided and directed to by some in this country; this is
from their being so well acquainted with creeks and places, so that our people have been stopped from getting their vessels into the harbours, and also from
justly suspected
To
and House of Representaof the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY Humbly shows, Nathan Jones, of Gouldsboro', that in August, 1775, the Committee of Deer-Island, as they styled themselves, took from him (your petitioner) his the honourable the Council tives
of
the State
:
sloop
called SaUy, under pretence of her being about to supply the British Army; that afterwards, in November the last,
Great and General Court of this State made an act for condemning all vessels that were thus employed, and a time was therein limited for libeling such vessels as were then taken. Whereupon your petitioner then had expectation of having a trial by jury, as said act directed; but said Committee
then
and
petitioner that he could
knowing
that
their
accusation against your was false, and apprehending make appear and establish that he had done his said
vessel
nothing against the laws of vessel, but kept her in their eleven months. Your
this
State, did not libel said
own employ
the
many
threats
and others of ter
which have been given out by
his adherents, as also
of being inimical to
all
those
from
who
his
said Jones,
known charac-
are friends to liberty,
and still might be made to appear evident to this honourable Court. We would, were it possible, avoid casting any reflections on any one ; and when we say any against Mr. Jones, it is not that we love him less than did his banditti which come with him to rob his but country this we confess, that we love our country more than we do him or any one man singly considered it was from this motive we presume the captors of this vessel acted; from this motive the aforesaid Island acted in sending up to the Court the first time to give information of the shipping being at Long-Island; from this principle also they went to keep them from trading when three Committees, our neighbours, From this principle, also, had agreed to trade with them. our people, when near upon starving, under the command of Captain Seth Webb, kept them from landing; and when they had the necessaries of life offered, refused trading with as has been
;
;
for the space of by advice of friends, thought he might lawfully do; whereupon the honourable Council recommended it to said Committee to recover said vessel; whereupon she them; fired with the same spirit, they went again to defeat has since been taken from him, and an order the second fleet from taking wood, &,c. These things we passed the General Court on the 28th September, 1775, that the said would not mention were they not known, so that he must FIFTH SERIES. VOL. III. 28
petitioner then, took said vessel into possession, as he
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
435
be a stranger here that does not know these things. We therefore, your petitioners, humbly pray that your Honours would take these things into your wise consideration, and immediately give us orders what you would have us do, or that which we would rather have a Committee from your honourable House, or if it can be of the Board, to search into these and many other things which by writing, without We being tedious, cannot be made known to your Honours. are willing that our actions should be scanned, and cannot
fee.,
we
fear not the trial, therefore
beg that
our petition may be granted. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray for the prosperity of the publick cause, in which we rest ourselves equally concerned, &c. JoSpH c to the Committee of Safety, Correspondence, and Inspection.
Chairman
N. B. coming
On
an alarm since writing the above, by a ship's harbour ten of the inhabitants of this Island
into the
lost their guns by a boat's oversetting; we pray your Honours would order some method whereby the deficiency may be supplied, as arms cannot be obtained here.
5,
436
1776.
the said vessel within fifteen days after they or any two of shall be served with a copy of this resolution, the said
them
Jones, or his agent or attorney, shall have full power and authority to take into his own care and custody the said Vessel and appurtenances.
RESOLVE RELATIVE TO THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS DESTINED TO HORSE-NECK. Passed November
but hope that the closer the search is the brighter we shall appear, although, knowing we are but men, we would not be too confident, yet
NOVEMBER
5, 1776.
Resolved, That the Committee and Selectmen
in
each
within 'his State, who have furnished the officers and soldiers destined to Horse-Neck with Money
of the several
Towns
Pots and Kettles, with Bottles or Canteens, and Conveyance of baggage, agreeable to a resolve of the General Court of this State, published in a handbill September last, exhibit their Accounts to the Committee of Accounts for their examination and allowance. And if said Committee, upon examination, shall approve and allow such Accounts, that then the Paymaster appointed by this Court be, and he hereby is directed to pay unto each of the several persons the full of their Accounts so allowed, although they do not produce receipts from those to whom they paid the for Rations, with
money.
JOSEPH COLBY,
By In the
House of
The Committee
order of Committee.
Representatives,
RESOLVE GRANTING A PETITION TO JOHN ROBBINS. November
Passed November 4, 1776.
appointed to consider the Petition of
Nathan
Jones, beg leave to report, that they have attended that service, and find that some time in the summer of the year 1775, the Committee of Deer- Island, in the County
of Lincoln, on suspicion that the said Jones was loading his sloop called the Sally with supplies for the enemies of the American States, and that he had before supplied them with
same sloop, took her into possession. afterwards, in November last, there was an act passed the General Court of this State, empowering all persons
certain cargoes of the
That by
who had
taken vessels which had been employed in supthe enemy, to libel them, within a time by said act plying limited, in the Courts by said act created for the trying of the same, and to have them condemned as the prizes of the libellants, and that the said Committee of Deer-Island did not libel said vessel according to the said act. and the said
Jones afterwards took her. into his custody again whereupon the honourable Council, on application made to them during the last recess of the General Court, ordered the said Committee of Deer-Island to recover the said sloop Sally again ; ;
and afterwards there was a resolve of the whole Court,
ing the said Committee to detain the said sloop until the and since that time the House has ;
passed a resolve that said Committee might libel said vessel, but the honourable Council have not consented thereunto. And as the matter in controversy is of a private nature be-
tween said Committee and said Jones, and the proceeds of said vessel, if she should be condemned, will go to the use of those persons who shall libel her, and not to this State, your Committee are of opinion that this Court are by no means held to involve themselves in the dispute, and therebeg leave
the Petition of
to report the following resolve, to wit:
5, 1776.
John Robbins,
That
there be allowed and paid out of this State to and for the use publick Treasury of 13 6s. Qd., petitioner, John Robbins, the sum until the General Court shall otherwise order it, to
Resolved,
of the of the yearly,
recomhe which received wounds him for his by sufferings pense on the 19th of April, 1775; and the Treasurer and Receiver General be, and he hereby is directed to pay the same sum yearly as he shall receive warrants from the Council for the payments thereof, and the first payment to commence from the 19th of April, 1776.
RESOLVE FOR TRANSPORTING WHALE-BOATS TO NEWPORT. Passed November
5, 1776.
Resolved, That Mr. Lemuel Williams, of Dartmouth, be,
and hereby is empowered to transport in the cheapest manner from Dartmouth to Newport, the remainder of the WhaleBoats purchased and left there in consequence of a resolve of this Court of the 16th of September last, and that he be directed to deliver
direct-
further order of Court
fore
On
them to Governour Cooke, taking his and lay his account before this Court
receipt for the same,
approbation and allowance.
for
RESOLVE RELATIVE TO DANIEL ROBBINs's MUSTER-ROLL. Passed November
5, 1776.
Resolved, That
there be paid out of the publick Treasury 1 2*. 4d., to Oliver Fairbank; of this State the sum of likewise to Reuben Moor, the sum of ten shillings, in full for their Wages and Rations due to them for their service on the alarm on the 19th of April, 1775, omitted being made up in Captain Daniel Robbing's Minute-Roll.
RESOLVE ON NATHAN JONES'S PETITION. Passed November
5, 1776.
Whereas the Committee of Deer- Island have taken into custody a Vessel owned by Natha?i Jones, and said to have (in breach of the laws of this State) in supplying the enemy; and the time by law limited for the libeling said Vessel is expired It is, therefore, Resolved, That the said Committee may, at any time within fifteen days next after their being served with a copy of this resolve, libel said Vessel before the Judge of the Maritime Court, in the eastern district of this State, erected to try the justice of the captures of Vessels. And such Court is empowered to take cognizance of and try the same, in the same manner as if the time by law allowed for the libeling such Vessels was not expired.
been employed
:
And
That
orders of the Council, and Resolves and Orders of this Court heretofore particularly respecting the same Vessel be, and they hereby are repealed, and rendered null and void. And in case the said Comit is
also Resolved,
all
mittee, or their agent or agents, shall not see cause to libel
PETITION OF WILLIAM BLAIR TOWNSEND.
To
and House of Representatives of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in NEW-ENGLAND,
the honourable Council
the State
of
the
in General Court assembled:
The Petition of WILLIAM BLAIR TOWNSEND, now resident in HOPKINTON, in the County of MIDDLESEX, and said Slate of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in behalf of his children, humbly showeth : the said William Blair, as an executor to the last will, &c., of the Honourable Thomas Hubbard,
That whereas
Esquire, deceased,
is
of Harrison Gray's, possessed of a note
as Treasurer of the late Province of the Massachusetts-Bay,
sum of five hundred Pounds, borrowed of Madam for the use M'ary Hubbard, the 9th day of August, 1773, and service of and in behalf of said Province, promising and the office of Treasurer to obliging himself and successors in the 20th day repay the said Mary Hubbard, or her order, of June, 1775, the aforesaid sum of five hundred Pounds, in for the
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
437
Spanish milled dollars, at six shillings each, with interest annually at five per cent.; which note, in the division of the said deceased's estate, is set off to your petitioner's children, in part of their dividend in their said grandfather Hubbard's estate
:
And whereas but one year's interest, to the 9th day of August, 1774, has been paid by said Treasurer Gray on said note, and no part of the principal sum, and your petitioner prevented from
Gray
payment
thereof,
:
in behalf of his children, the principal of said note, being five hundred Pounds, with the annual interest, at five per cent., due thereon, from the said 9th day of August, 1774, or relieve the children of your petitioner
repay your petitioner,
sum
by paying the interest due on said note, or way that to them shall appear best.
And
any other
in
your petitioner, as in duty bound, shall ever pray.
WILLIAM BLAIR TOWNSEND. Watertown, September
RESOLVE ON THE PETITION OF WILLIAM BLAIR TOWNSEND. 5, 1776.
On
the Petition of William. Blair Townsend, Esquire, in behalf of his children :
As it appears from said Petition and Note that the sum of five hundred Pounds was, in the year 1773, on the 9th of August, borrowed of Harrison Gray, then Treasurer, of Madam Mary Hubbard, since deceased, for the use of this Colony, which sum said Gray obligated himself and successors in the office of Treasurer to repay, with annual interest, to the said
or her heirs And as said sum, with the one year) remains unpaid, and the heirs have honourable House to pay the principal and
Mary,
interest (save solicited the
:
interest, or the interest
438
:
Therefore, Resolved, That there be paid out of the publick Treasury to said heirs, or their guardian, the interest due on the afore-mentioned sum.
Court by desire of the Council for the honourable Court meeting, and afterwards for their orders, from September the 21st to October 27th, thirty-five days, at 5s. per day, waiting at
The
Your petitioner hopes your Honours will not think his account extravagant, when they consider the time he has expended, the travel and fatigue which of consequence he must have undergone in travelling not less than twelve hundred miles, which he never has nor never can get any thing unless your Honours please to allow it to him. This he is the rather encouraged to ask for, as he is most absolutely it was only a disinterested love to his country which moved him to take so arduous a task of discovering and bringing to light an enemy, an high trespasser, against
assured that
this State, as his own acknosvledgment allows; therefore your petitioner prays that his account may be granted. And, as in duty bound, will ever pray, fee.
JOSEPH PATRICK. PETITION OF ROBERT FARRAH.
To
the honourable the Council
and
the honourable
of
and House of Representatives for MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in General Court
assembled:
The Petition of JOSEPH PATRICK, humbly showeth : That he did, some time during the General Court's recess the time before their last session, come upon his own expense and charge above three hundred
miles, and gave informaCouncil of Nathan Jones taking away a vessel by force and arms, which was detained by a special order of this Court; that he received the Council's orders, endeavoured to see that they were executed; has since returned and tion to the
made
report what has been done; waited by desire of Counthe honourable Court should meet, so that thereby the affair has been laid before the whole House.
cil
till
These things your petitioner would willingly do gratis, were he able; but as he is not, and as the Council gave him encouragement by saying that they made no doubt but that the House would allow him pay, to your petitioner, his expenses and trouble, prays therefore that your Honours would grant his account, which is as follows, viz; To traveling, and waiting at Watertown, from the 9th of August, 1776, 5s. perday,
to the 4th
September, twenty-five days, at
650
To
the hire of an horse from Newburyport, 15s.
To To
House of
Representatives of the State of the MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, in General Court assembled, NOVEMBER, A. D. 1776:
Humbly shows ROBERT FARRAH That he was late Master of the brigantine Henry and Ann, which was taken by Captain Sawter, an armed vessel in the service of this State; and as this brigantine was chartered by the British Government as a transport vessel, he is not entitled by law to receive his wages, as the masters of other merchant vessels which are taken do. He would further represent, that he had on board this brigantine when taken, a private adventure, the sterling cost of which was upwards of two hundred pounds sterling. This he is also denied, so that he is without a shilling to support him while a prisoner. He would beg leave to suggest to your Honours that it is the unvaried custom for the masters of transport vessels taken by the armed vessels in the service of the United States, to have given them their private adventures, which generous custom is almost universally followed by the Your pecaptors in and owners of private vessels of war. titioner humbly, and with a decent confidence, hopes your
Honours
will
consider his unfortunate case, and in your him relief; and, as in duty bound, shall
goodness grant
R'T FARRAH.
Passed November
the honourable Council
the
5
RESOLVE RELATIVE TO THE BRIG MARY AND JAMES.
PETITION OF JOSEPH PATRICK. the State
9
total,
pray>
To
030
-
town, 3s.
To
0140
:
7th, 1776.
Passed November
6, 1776.
passage the second time from Deer-Island to Boston,\4:S. To the hire of an horse from Boston to Water-
payment
by reason of the great and unavoidable difficulties and embarrassments said Province has laboured under from that time to this, to the great detriment of your petitioner and his children in this and other respects, but who have and are still willing to pay their proportion of all legal demands, though it should be the whole they are in supporting this possessed of, and sacrifice their lives also, State, struggling in the glorious cause of liberty, which may God go on mercifully to prosper and succeed Therefore your petitioner prays that this honourable Court would direct or order the present Treasurer of this State to for the
NOVEMBER
To
Treasurer
to said
either of the interest or principal sum said note, according to the terms therein expressed
for the
due on
making application
Sic.,
passage from and to Deer-Island, feeding his horse seven nights and
1
4s.
days, Is.
6, 1776.
Resolved, That Mr. Heman Brimmer and Mr. Gray be a Committee on the part of this State to
Ellis
repair
immediately to the town of Salem, there to be adjoined by two persons appointed by the proprietors of the cargo of the Brig Mary and James, a prize lately brought into Salem, for the purpose of appraising such part of the cargo of the said prize Brig as may to the Committee of Clothing appear necessary for this State to purchase for the use of this State. Provided the Committee above-mentioned do not agree respecting the value of the said goods, or any part thereof, then the said appraisers shall appoint a fifth person, who shall assist in appraising the
goods afore-mentioned.
And
the Committee of Clothing are hereby authorized to pay the several sums thus determined by the Committee of Appraise-
ment
aforesaid.
RESOLVE FOR PAYING JONATHAN STURGIS Passed November
2.
6, 1776.
Resolved, That there be paid out of the publick Treasury of this State the sum of forty Shillings to Jonathan omitted in the Muster Roll. Slurgis, for one month's wages
1 1
-
15
140 070
RESOLVE RESPECTING PRISONERS OF WAR. Passed November
6, 1776.
Resolved, That the Committee of Safety, Correspond-
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
439
ence, &c., in the several maritime towns in this State do, as soon as may be, make a return to the Council, of all Prisoners that now are, or that may be from time to time brought into their several
towns by any armed
vessel, or others
who
are not prisoners of war, and who shall not inlist into the sea service of any of the United American States, or on board any armed vessel fitted out by private adventurers;
and that the Council be, and they hereby are, empowered to remove all such Prisoners to such inland towns, not laying on any publick post road, as they shall think proper. And it is further Resolved, That the Selectmen of each town to which such prisoner shall be destined be, and they hereby are empowered and directed to put all such Prisoners who are not able and actually do not maintain them-
And if any Prisoner is selves, to labour for their support. under the care and direction of the said Selectmen, they
Sic.,
NOVEMBER
8,
440
1776.
John Holmes be and hereby for the Southern Army; with puty, whose business shall be
appointed a Wagonmaster
is
liberty to appoint each a Deto procure teams and wagons
from time to time for such stores and clothing as the Committee of Clothing and Committee of Supplies shall have
The
occasion for:
said
Wagonmasters
to procure
wagons,
best terms, and also wagons, and for the ten tons of saltpetre ordered to be sent to Mr. Livingston agree-
upon the
&.C.,
able to a requisition of Congress
the said Wagonmasters to and promise of careful transportation of such clothing, stores, and saltpetre as they shall receive, and also for delivering of the same to the order of the abovenamed Committees to take duplicate receipts, when deli:
give their receipts
;
vered, of the Quartermaster-General, the
Commissary of
as they shall jails
and of Mr. Livingston for the saltpetre, and also 'apply to the said Livingston for payment of transportation. And that the sum of one hundred and fifty pounds each be granted to the respective
RESOLVE FOR PUTTING 400 IN THE HANDS OF THE COMMITTEE FOR BUILDING A POWDER-MILL AT STOUGHTON.
Wagonmasters, to enable them to hire wagons, &.C., for the above purposes, they being accountable to this Court for the expenditure of the said sums and that the sum of twelve shillings per day be allowed each Wagonmaster for himself and horse, whilst on actual service of this State.
put
make return thereof empowered to commit him
shall
think proper,
till
who
to the Council,
or
them
to
such
are hereby
their further order.
each Army,
for clothing
and
stores,
;
Passed November
Resolved, That
the
7, 1776.
Committee appointed
the
to build
Powder-Mill at Stoughton be, and they hereby are, directed to procure Runners for said Mill, and set up works for an experireceiving them, as soon as possible, in order that ment may be made of manufacturing Powder with said Runners.
And
further Resolved, That the further sum of four hundred Pounds be put into the hands of the aforesaid Committee, to enable them to discharge the several charges that have already arisen, or that may hereafter arise in the comit is
said Mill: they, the aforesaid Committee, to pletion of the be accountable to the General Court for the expenditure thereof.
State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
November the Sheriff
November
8th, 1776.
there appears no prospect that the Brig Betsey, with her cargo or her appurtenances, lately taken by a ves-
belonging to this State, claimed by Mr. Creed and others, and has been acquitted on a trial in the Maritime Court at Salem, will be condemned on the trial on the appeal to the Supreme Court Therefore Ordered, That the Agent for the Middle District for this State be, and he hereby is, directed not to enter sel
:
or prosecute the said appeal so far as respects the interest of and he signify to the captors, or such as reprethis State
of
the
County of ESSEX
sent them, that if they are determined and will prosecute the said appeal so far as the captors are interested, they must
ESSEX.
do
Chamber,
)
7, 1776.
J
are hereby
McLewis and John
can States
for
them
to
possess.
And you
are hereby di-
rected to perform this in such manner as most effectually to answer the end proposed. And all such papers, so found
upon the said prisoners, you are carefully, as soon as be, to transmit to this Board. Hereof fail not; and make return doings as soon as
may
be.
And
it
entirely at their
Read and
own expense.
accepted.
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
:
commanded to search Captain Leech Couset Piers, together with their baggage, on their arrival at Boxford, the place of their destination, and take from them any and all such papers as to you may appear dangerous to this or any of the United Ameri-
You
In Council,
Whereas
;
ORDER TO THE SHERIFF OF THE COUNTY OF
To
ORDER RESPECTING THE TRIAL OF THE BRIG BETSEY.
may
Board of your be your sufficient
to the
this shall
To
Honourable Mr. DANA, Watertown : I find Mr. Creed is about to make application to for the delivery of the Brig Betsey, and therefore pray leave to inform you, that after the trial in the Maritime Court at Salem,! had determined not to trouble myself any the
SIR: Council
further about her, as there did not appear to
on trialthere
least probability of her being condemned; the Captain w*as clamorous and noisy, I entered
appeal with an intention to prosecute it further at the Superiour Court, but I assure you I have not the most distant apprehension of succeeding. It will be an expense of about forty I
am,
The Board sir,
will act their pleasure.
your very humble servant,
RICHARD DERBY, State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
November Ordered, That and,
hereby
is
Chamber,
7th, 1776.
)
Order
$
directed to tender the
County of Essex be Parole accompanying
ORDER RESPECTING AN EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS.
to
State of the Massachusetts-Bay, Council-Chamber, November the 8, 1776.
;
further Ordered, That the said Sheriff be and hereby is directed to employ some suitable person to conduct the said John Cousett Piers to the town of Boxford, in the said County of Essex, to which place the said John it is
is destined, upon his signing said Parole, and deliver to the care of the Committee of Safety, &tc., of
Couset Piers
him
said town.
W.
ELDAD TAYLOR,
SPOONER,
CALEB GUSHING, JOHN WHETCOMB,
S.
HOLTEN, JABEZ FISHER.
KESOLVE APPOINTING WAGONMASTERS. Passed November
Whereas two by order of
the honourable Congress.
And
Jun.
Honourable Mr. Dana.
the Sheriff of the
John Couset Piers, now in Salem, lately taken and in case he refuses to sign the same, to of war prisoner commit him, so refusing, to prison, agreeable to a resolve of this
but as
my
pounds.
warrant.
me
was the
7, 1776.
Resolved, That Oliver Pier be and hereby a Wagonmaster for the Northern Army; and
is
appointed
that Captain
Sir
vessels
have
George
lately arrived
Collier,
) J
from Halifax,
Commander Rain-Bow
man-of-war, under the care of Captain Thomas Stone, as flag of truce, with one hundred and seventy-four of our men that have been taken by the enemy, in order to exchange for a like number of their men, and under like circumstances that have been taken by vessels belonging to the United States of America, with directions to negotiate the affair with Mr. Nathaniel Tracey, of Newbury-Port, whose right to negotiate with Lieutenant Stone for the exchange of prisoners was confined by this Board to the persons captivated on board the Brigantine Yankee Hero, a private armed vessel of this State: And whereas but five persons so captivated have been sent into this State in the said flags of truce, and it was therefore altogether irregular that the negotiation for the exchange of any other prisoners than those belonging to the said Yankee Hero should be
managed
or conducted
by the said Tracey; yet as
it
is
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
441
have mistaken the apprehended that Sir George Collier may extent of the powers committed to said Tracey, and most of the prisoners brought into this State by said flags have disand considering the persed and gone to their several homes, have undergone men our and distresses great hardships for this time, during their late captivity, it is thought proper, to deliver up to the said Stone an equal number of persons who are now captives in this State (having respect to the rank and condition of the persons sent up for exchange) as have been returned in the said flags. And that for the
no exchange should or ought to be made for any officer by whose direction our subjects prisoners unless the future
be sent hither shall give order to negotiate Government of this State
shall
directly with the
for the
same
:
Therefore, Resolved,
That Benjamin Greenleaf, Richard
be a Committee to Derby, and Benjamin Austin, Esqrs.. collect one hundred and sixty-nine persons that have been taken by our vessels, under the like situation and circum-
may be, with those brought by Captain Stone, and negotiate the affair of the exchange with said Stone; and that Mr. Nath. Tracey, of Newbury-Port, and directed to convey four officers and be
stances, as near as
Thomas
empowered
one private from any of the prisoners at or near Northand ampton, (John Knight and Robert Arnold excepted,) one and four officers for the the private exchange negotiate now in his (said lately of the privateer Yankee Hero, Stone's) possession.
RESOLVE FOR PAYING ENOCH COE Passed November
On
the Petition of
for the
expense of
Enoch Cot, praying
his sickness
2 Ws.
7, 1776.
while
in
the
for
an allowance
5,000 TO THE BOARD OF WAR.
Passed November
8, 1776.
Resolved, That
there be paid out of the Treasury of this 5,000 to the honourable Board of War, to enable
State
them
to procure
some
articles
necessary to be immediately
purchased.
PETITION OF
To
8,
442
1776.
THE COMMITTEE OF MACHIAS. and House- of RepresentaMASSACHUSETTS-BAY: of
the honourable the Council tives
for
the Colony
Whereas your Honours were pleased to issue an order in April last, empowering the Committees of Correspondence, Safety, and
Inspection, in the several towns and
planta-
Colony, to lease out the real estate of all persons that have been aiding and assisting the enemies of the United Colonies of America: And whereas Ichabod Jones, late of this place, did aid and assist the Ministerial Fleet and Army, by supplying them with lumber, &c. and as the said Ichabod left a considerable property in this place, both real and personal In obedience, therefore, to your Honours' commands, we, the Committee of Correspondence, Safety, and Inspection, for Machias, have taken a true inventory of all the estate of Ichabod Jones in this place that has come to our knowledge, some of which real estate we have leased out, as mentioned in said inventory, a copy of which we herewith lay before your Honours. About the 1st instant one Stephen Jones appeared and exhibited to us an instrument of joint copartnership between Ichabod Jones, Stephen Jones, and John Coffin Jones, detions in this
;
:
manding two-thirds of all said estate in this place, both real and personal, (although he could not bring any thing to prove the fee of said real estate to be in any person besides said Ichabod,') for the "use of himself and said John Coffin Jones; but as the said Stephen Jones did, some time in November last, kill about fourteen oxen, all which he sold and converted to his own use, together with four horses, being part of said estate; and it appearing to this Committee that the said Stephen Jones was using every means in to get all said personal estate into his own hands, therefore passed a resolve, of which the following is a " Whereas a great part of the personal estate of copy, viz:
his
power
Ichabod Jones, late of this place, has been secreted, wasted, or otherwise embezzled the year past; and whereas this Committee have offered all said personal estate to Stephen Jones, provided he will give this Committee a true inventory of all the personal estate which belonged to Ichabod Jones in June last, with sufficient security to see the same forthcoming when required by the General Court of this Colony, or this Committee, which said Stephen Jones has utterly refused to comply with: "
ESTABLISHMENT FOR THE COMMISSARIES APPOINTED TO DELIVER STORES TO THE ARMY. Passed November
8, 1776.
Resolved, That the Commissaries appointed
to
deliver
out to that part of the Army raised or to be raised by this State, such necessaries and conveniences as shall be ordered by this Court, be allowed, for their respective services, at the rate of fourteen pounds per calendar month, during their
attendance on said service; and that each Commissary be allowed one clerk to attend him, who shall be allowed and paid in full for his services, at the rate of seven pounds per calendar month.
Also, Resolved, That the said Commissaries be empowered to hire one or more Storehouses, as occasion may require, and,
necessary, to call to their aid one or more persons to assist them in the proper distribution of the stores that may be committed to their care, and that they lay an account of the same before the General Court for allowance. if
PETITION OF BENJAMIN FOSTER.
To
NOVEMBER
we
Army,
Resolved, That there be paid to him, out of the publick 2 10s., in full of his account. Treasury, the sum of
RESOLVE FOR PAYING
&c.,
and House of Representatives of the MASSACHUSETTS-STATE: The Petition of BENJAMIN FOSTER, in behalf of the Sixth Regiment in the County O/LINCOLN, under my command: That upon examination we have little or no ammunition by us in the Regiment above-mentioned: by which means we are much exposed in the present day to the unnatural the honourable Council
enemies of the United States, the strong attachment to which induces me to take this step of application for suptherefore beg that your Honours will take it into your wise consideration, and furnish us with a stock sufficient for such a number of men consisting of seven hundred as a town stock. And, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. plies;
BENJAMIN FOSTER.
Therefore, Resolved, That this Committee will forthwith take charge of all the real and personal estate in this place belonging to Ichabod Jones, and will pursue the directions of the Court in said matter." Having thus given a true state of facts, we humbly pray
your Honours
will
be pleased to order
how we
shall
conduct
in this affair.
order of the Committee
By
:
BENJA. FOSTER, Chairman. Machias, June 19th, 1776.
To
and House of Representaof the State of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY: The Petition O/BENJAMIN FOSTER, O/MACHIAS, on behalf of the Committee and inhabitants of said place, humbly the honourable the Council tives
showeth : That whereas in consequence of bringing a number of prisoners from Machias to Watertown, in August, 1775, a considerable expense arose thereby, which was but in part discharged by your Honours, viz one hundred pounds received of the Honourable Henry Gardner, Esq., by your petitioner and Jeremiah Obrian, for which they gave their bond that they would settle the whole account of said expense; in order to do which, your petitioner herewith lays before your Honours an account of the whole expense attending the bringing up said prisoners, &tc., which he has sufficient vouchers, which prays may be allowed, as he he is ready to lay before any Committee which your Honours may appoint to examine the same. Your petitioner also begs leave to acquaint your Honours that we supplied the Indians the last winter with sundry articles necessary for their support, and without which they could not have subsisted, as well as to keep friends with them, before there was any Truckmaster appointed at said and said Indians are so poor they are unable to pay place any part of said account therefore we pray your Honours :
;
;
would order Captain Stephen Smith, Truckmaster at Machias, to pay said account of articles supplied said Indians
MASSACHUSETTS RESOLVES,
443
Your petitioner further prays your Honours would give the Committee o/ Machias some special directions respecting the estate of Ichabod Jones, as Stephen Jones, a partner with said Ichabod, utterly refuseth to deliver to said part of said estate that he has in his hands, but has forcibly entered upon some part of said Ichabod' s in trade
Committee any
estate,
and
still
deserted from the
enemy
we have
and
chias,
And whereas many have Nova-Scotia, and come to Ma-
detains the same. at
come could
reason to think more would
they obtain sufficient provisions at said place to subsist them to those parts, we therefore pray your Honours would order
Captain Smith, Truckmaster at Machias, to supply any deserters that may come, as aforesaid, with sufficient for their relief.
Your
to your petitioner further begs leave to suggest distressed condition of the people of Machias,
NOVEMBER
fac.,
8,
2 lamps, curry-comb,
1
1
1
1 cullender, 1
dish-cover,
1 barrel
1 queensware soup bowl, 1 barrel containing 8 oval dishes, queensware, 45 plates, do., 3 butter boats, 2 large fish dishes,
containing 16 bottles,
2 earthen pots, old tea-kettle,
1
2 brushes, 1 box with a jack,' quantity of oakum, 1 high iron candlestick, 3 trammels, 61 ox bones,
A
small do., 15 China plates, 9 China tea dishes, 11 wine glasses, 3 beer do., 1
1 fire 1
shovel, ironing board,
2 new
2 glass
2 notched dishes, 5 tumblers, 2 cream pitchers,
1 old set-net,
2 small queensware plates,
Horse harness,
by reason of their not being able to export their lumber, which is their chief article of support. Therefore pray your Honours would take their case into consideration, and supply them with articles that they stand in need of, and take our lumber in pay. We should not have troubled the Court
large tin canister, 1 do., with seven glass bottles, 1 box with three white square do., 2 clothes baskets,
we have no
vessels to export our lumber, our only
As in duty remaining one being taken by the enemy. bound, shall ever pray. BENJA FQSTER) CAaim(m< October 17, 1776.
6 small bowls,
1
For
Francis Joseph
:
.
3
. . .
ter:
That Henry Schenck, Esq.,
how plentifully and happily down their arms and come to make a good use of those
all
)
Whereas the Committee have been called upon by his Excellency General Washington, by a Letter from Tench Tilghman, Esq., dated the 26th instant, to exert themselves in devising all possible means for the expeditious supply of Flour for the American Army, in the County of Westches-
Resolved,
British prisoners,
The latter are amazed They say they were
they would lay
neighbours remain very quiet
provisions
.
In Committee of Safety for the State of New- York, Fishkill, October 29, 1776.
be devised
live,
was obliged
foot,
]
five
have heard a heavy cannonade about Fort Washington ; we don't know the occasion yet, but have sent down for
To No.
and from comparing
fellows.
Schuykr.
may
Yesterday they brought in morning twelve Waldeckers.
they would be treated, and
among
Robert Yates, Esq., Chairman of the Committee appointed to repair to Albany to confer with General
as he
this
they might
To
[
;
at the kind treatment they receive. torn away from their own country, and will willingly remain among us. They say if their fellow-soldiers knew how kind-
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT, V. P.
:
590
1776.
the accounts given at different times, form a judgment of the truth. Our scouting parties are very active and very suc-
intelligence.
transmit you a copy of the last intelligence we have flatter ourselves that received from Head-Quarters.
By
NOVEMBER,
him know you have the examination
we have now
in custody near two hundred and twenty danand disaffected gerous persons, whom we propose removing A detachment to Exeter, in the State of New-Hampshire. of seventy-six persons of this stamp was sent off a few days ago; and from the information we have received from the Committee appointed by the Convention of this State for inquiring into, detecting, and defeating, all conspiracies which may be formed in this State against the liberties of America, we have reason to think that there will be a necesseveral other persons. sity of apprehending and removing You must, therefore, be sensible that no dependence can be Should you find it necessary to emput on this quarter. ploy a further force for the purpose of seizing and securing the disaffected, we recommend it to you to endeavour to
&c.,
[No. 40.] Ticonderoga, October 20th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: This
is
to inform you, that in
of a number of disaffected persons
in
consequence and about Albany
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
591
common safety of this continent, there is great danger of a too long delay of the contracted provisions for this Army from that place, and in particular the article of flour, and that we have not more than will answer for bread for the Army present than about sixteen days. And as the advances
to the
be but slow, and in order for a blockade, communications to this place all which makes it of the utmost importance that we have an immediate supply and as I am appointed and empowered to act and contract for every necessary provision for this department, by the Commissary-General, Joseph Trumbull, Esq., of the
and
I
Army may
to cut off all
thought
it
make
of the highest importance to
this pressing
you would contract and immediately forward to Skenesburgh landing all the flour that can be purAnd chased for the Army on the northern department. application, that
to serve your relying, gentlemen, on your publick patriotism I make not the least doubt that you will comply
country, with this request and as your pay, I will from time to time furnish you with the Continental currency as fast as my will permit, and beg you will forpresent hurry of business ;
ward me your answer immediately, how much you will be able to supply me with, and in what time, so that I may be able to satisfy the Commander-in-Chief at this place with very important business; and you will greatly oblige most humble servant, yours, with the greatest respect, your this
JAMES YANCEY, D. C.
To
the honourable
Committee
of Safety,
Bennington.
The within is a true copy of a copy of a letter taken by me at Bennington, in consequence of a request of the General Committee of the County of Albany. STEPHEN LUSH. November
2d, 1776.
N. B. The original was in the hands of the wife of the Chairman of the Committee of Bennington. the quantity of Flour remaining at the undermentioned stations, September 28, 1776, viz:
Return of
Stations
where remaining.
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
592
593
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, & c NOVEMBER, .,
Corn, Pork, Salt, Peas, Beans, Bread, Flour, and every kind of Meal, except necessary stores for vessels outward-bound; likewise all kind of Cloths, Linen and Woolen, fit and suitable for
clothing for the Army, except and sent for the use of our
consumption
may want
humble
servant,
Assembly
NAT. BARBER, Chairman. Boston,
Proclamation, persons that said embargo is laid, and requiring them to comply therewith. And I do hereby prohibit all persons from transporting, by land or water, and from shipping on board any vessel for transportation, any of
To
November
7th, 1776.
the honourable the Council of this State.
The
guard who brought the prisoner have an account of expenses attending the same. As the Committee have no food to discharge it, they have advised them to lay the same before your Honours.
said articles, (excepting only as in said Resolves is excepted,) under the penalties of the law of this State in such case all
persons to exert
effectually carried into exe-
Head-Q,uarters, October 3J, 1776.
To You
cution.
Given under my hand, at New-Haven, of November, Anno Domini, 1776
this
seventh day
BALDWIN
order to
JONTH. THUMBULL.
:
are to conduct Lieutenant
gers, to
:
Dean, of Rogers's RanStamford, then deliver him to the Committee, in be forwarded to Boston, there to be delivered to the
General Assembly or authority deputed by them for the management of publick affairs, to be disposed of as they
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFET5T.
At
was brono-ht before a prisoner, taken in arms
against the forces of the United States of America ; that the said Committee ordered the said Whitworth to be committed to the jail in this town, there to remain until your Honours shall give orders concerning him. In the name and by the order of the Committee, I am, very respectfully, your Honours' most obedient and very
all
And I do require and enjoin provided. themselves that said Resolve be
the Council of this State: of Safety, &c., for the town of Boston
them one John Dean Whitworth,
to give notice thereof: I have, therefore, thought fit to issue this
hereby notifying
Honourable
report to your Honours, that this day
;
particular person persons carrying or sending to such soldiers in the Army as may be under the care and special relation of such person or per-
me
the
The Committee
Army or Navy and also, that an embargo be laid upon the exportation out of this State, by water, of the following articles,, viz: Beef, Live Cattle, Sheep, Butter, and Cheese: Provided, this act shall not extend to prevent any or fmm
have requested
594
BOSTON COMMITTEE TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL.
To
such as shall be provided
sons, any necessary clothing or provision they for their own use and :" And said
1776.
think proper.
a meeting of the
Governour and Council of Safety of Connecticut, November 7th, 1776
J.
REED, Adj. Gen.
:
Present:
His Honour the Governour, his Honour the Deputy-Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, Titus Hosmer, Benjamin Huntington, Esquires.
To
join with the Commissary-General to enter into partnership with him for importing one hundred thousand bushels of Salt, and that the writings for the same be prepared accordingly.
Voted,
Stanford, October 31, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Agreeable
we send be transported to Boston. HAIS, Jun., Com. Clerk.
to the General's order
you the within-named prisoner
to
JOHN
To
the
Committee of Norwalk.
Norwalk, November
GOVERNOUR COOKE TO COMMODORE 'HOPKINS. Council Chamber, Providence, November 7th, Saturday Evening, 7 o'clock.
SIR Yours of this day and thank you for the :
is
just
handed
Agreeable )
intelligence, though had repeated advice thereof by land from each side of the Bay, the Committee having taken up about forty prisoners of the sailors brought here by the several and believe there privateers,
is
many more yet 'about the street. Our jail is very full, and sending them in the country may not answer, as there' will be but few or no men there to take care of them. I have called in all the men in this to the as
defence of County hundred men have marched for NewBefore I received port. yours, had got printed and dispersed a great number of the enclosed handbills, so that the State.
About
I
am,
sir,
your humble servant,
,T
NICHOLAS COOKE.
To Esek
Hopkins, Esq., Commander of the Continental Navy, on board the Warren, near Pawtuxet. .
P. S. Please to
number of
named
To
THAD. BETTS, Clerk Committee. Committee of Fail-field.
let me know as soon as may be, what the above prisoners shall be sent on board your
ships.
the
Pairfield, 1st
November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Agreeable to the within directions we send you by Mr. Joseph Dyer and his attendants, the withinnamed prisoner, Lieutenant Dean Whitworth, of Rogers'* Rangers.
Signed per order, THADDEUS BURR, Ck. Com'e. the General Assembly of the Massachusetts-Bay, or the authority deputed by them to manage publick affairs.
five
should the enemy delay their attack on this part of the State a few days, I hope to give them a very handsome reception.
1, 1776.
we
send you the withinprisoner to be forwarded to Boston.
\
me by Mr. Brownel,
to the General's order
To
I, John Dean Whitworth, Lieutenant in Rogers's Regiment of Rangers, do promise, upon the word of
honour of an officer, that I will comport myself as a prisoner ought to do upon my journey to Boston; that I will not attempt any escape from the person who shall accompany me, or hold any correspondence with the enemies of the American States, or do any act prejudicial to the interests of said States.
JOHN DEAN WHITWORTH. ESCAPE OF BRITISH PRISONERS FROM NORTHAMPTON JAIL. Northampton, November
Escaped from the and Henry the British
7, 1776.
in
Northampton, Robert Arnold Stanhope, two prisoners, lately Midshipmen in jail
the former a short, well-set, smart-looking, iresh-complexioned man, about thirty-five years old wore a coat of a London brown colour. The latter absconded heretofore when on parole, and was retaken at Middetown; he also is a short man, with light hair, pale complexion, large eyes, lips and nose. Whoever will apprehend and secure either of said persons shall receive twenty dollars
Navy
State of New- Hampshire, in Committee of Safety, November 7, 1776.
;
reward and necessary charges, from
AARON WRIGHT, FIFTH SERIES.
NEW-HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO COL. WINGATE.
VOL.
III.
SIR: This State has employed Mr. James Anderson to hence to Ticonderoga, and he is to bring all the letters from the troops directed to New-Hampshire, free of cost. ride post from
In behalf of the Committee, I
To
You
will
notify
Hampshire of the above.
39
am your humble
servant.
Colonel Wingate.
P. S. Jailer.
)
)
the
troops
belonging to
595
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, BY TrtE KING.
&c.,
We
A PROCLAMATION
For
recalling and prohibiting Stamen from serving foreign Princes and States ; and for granting rewards for discovering such Seamen as shall conceal themselves.
are,
NOVEMBER,
596
gentlemen, with esteem, your most obedient _,
servants,
To
1776.
VAN BIBBER
st
HARRISON.
Messrs. Willing Sf Morris, merchants, Philadelphia.
GEOROE R. Whereas we are informed that great numbers of mariners and seafaring men, our natural-born subjects, are in the service of divers foreign Princes and States, to the prejudice
We
of our kingdom: have, therefore, thought it necessary, by and with the advice of our Privy Council, to publish this our Royal Proclamation, and do hereby strictly charge and command all masters of ships, pilots, mariners, seamen, shipwrights, and other seafaring men whatever and wheresoever, (being our natural-born subjects,) who are in the pay or service of any foreign Prince or State, or do serve in any
and every of them, do, according to their known and bounden duty and allegiance, withdraw themselves, depart from, and quit such foreign services, and return home to their native counAnd further, we do hereby strictly prohibit and forbid tries. foreign ship or vessel, that forthwith they,
masters of ships, pilots, mariners, seamen, shipwrights, and other seafaring men whatsoever, (being our naturalborn subjects,) from entering, and do charge and command them, and every of them, from henceforth, to forbear to all
enter themselves into the pay or service of any foreign Prince or State, cr to serve in any foreign ship or vessel whatsoever, without our special license first had and obtained in that behalf;
just displeasure, but be proceeded against for their contempt And we do according to the utmost severities of the law.
hereby declare, that if any such masters of ships, pilots, mariners, seamen, shipwrights, orotherseafaring men, (being our subjects,) shall be taken in any foreign service by the Turks, Algerines, or any others, they shall not be reclaimed by us as subjects of Great Britain. And we do hereby promise and declare, that a reward of two pounds for every able, and thirty shillings for every ordinary seaman, shall be paid any person
who
shall
discover any seaman or seamen
who may
secrete themselves, that so such seaman or seamen shall be taken for our said service by any of our sea-officers
employed for raising men, on or before the thirty -first day of December next; the said rewards to be paid for any seaman or seamen so discovered and taken in and about London, by the principal officers and Commissioners of our Navy and at the out-ports, by the Naval Officers, (where there are any ;) and where there are no Naval Officers, by the Collectors of ;
our Customs, immediately upon a certificate being produced to the said principal officers and Commissioners of our Navy, Officers, or Collectors respectively,
by the person who
discovery of any seaman or seamen as aforesaid, name, and the name or names, and number of
certifying his
seamen procured certificate to
in consequence of his discovery the said be given by such officer as may take such sea;
man
or seamen for our service. Given at our Court at St. James's, the eighth day of November, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-six, in the
seventeenth year of his reign. God save the Kins:'.
VAN BIBBER
fc.
received from
November, 1776.
what we have wrote
selves
in
that business unless they
therefore must entreat
you on
have orders from you, and
receipt of this to write to said obligation, that we are
press them to take up tated to discharge, should
it
be demanded here,
We
advance of the publick already.
largely in
we
incapacibeing so
flatter ourstrained every nerve to serve the State on occasion, you will pay particular attention to our
selves, as
every
we have
request.
Time will not permit us to enlarge, therefore conclude, with the highest esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient servants.
To
the honourable the Council of
Safety, State of
Mary-
land.
Williamsburg, Virginia, November
By the last South- Carolina Gazette, we learn eral Howe and the brave Colonel Moultrie
8, 1776.
Gen-
that
were just returned to Charlestown from Georgia, and that there had been two skirmishes to the southward, in both of which our people were successful, but no particulars are mentioned; that a French sloop, with a valuable cargo of warlike stores, linens, wines, molasses, &.C., were also arrived from Martinico.
Arrived
in
York
river, the sloop Jane, Booker; schooner and schooner Rambler, Biijjinglon; all from St. Eustatia, with eight hundred casks of gunpowder, considerable cargoes of salt, cordage, and dry goods. Letters of undoubted credit from Martinique, dated the 27th of July, say, there are now in the French Islands about fifteen thousand troops; that their fortifications are in the best order, and that they only wait for a pretext to break with Great Britain, which most people there imagine will The French are much pleased with the soon be found. Americans becoming an independent people, and
Success,
extol
Hill;
them
highly
for the struggle they are
making
for their liberties.
Every kind of Continental produce is much wanted French Islands, and bear a high price.
in
the
Since the 1st instant, a Spanish ship arrived in Hampton it is said she has come to ; purchase a cargo of flour, and has on board six thousand dollars. Advices by this ship say, that the French seem determined to strike some capital blow against Great Britain in a very short time. hear that eight hundred North- Carolina are road
We
daily expected at Suffolk,
A
who
troops
are on their
march
to join
Army, near New-York.
couple of vessels are gone up the Bay with nine hundred barrels of gunpowder each, besides salt and dry goods.
November
8th, 1776.
Williamsburg, November
The
this
currency, which
we have Mary-
already appropriated to the service of the State of
land. For this sum we have given our obligation, with Mr. Richard Gennings, merchant of this island, as security, payable ten days after demand, with interest of ten per cent. We have, therefore, to request, as Captain Pote takes pas-
Philadelphia, you'll endeavour to take which otherwise we may find difficult to discharge here when demanded. The terms with him rely on you to make, but think you had better give currency per currency, in specie, together
up
is
Messrs. Witting &f Morris relative to the obligations given Captain Samuel Pote for a sum of money which we had imminent occasion for. but fearing they will not exert them-
the Northern
present tends to inform you we have Captain Samuel Pote the sum of thirteen :
hundred and twenty pounds,
sage in
foregoing
HARRISON TO WILLING AND MORRIS. St. Eustatia,
GENTLEMEN
St. Eustatia, 8th
GENTLEMEN: The
which we expect due obedience and And we do hereby publish and declare,
that the offenders to the contrary shall not only incur our
may make
SAFETY.
to all
exact conformity.
Naval
VAN BIBBER k HARRISON TO THE MARYLAND COUNCIL OF
The
Officers of the
8, 1776.
Second Regiment who are now
recruiting will please to inform me immediately of their success, and so soon as their companies are completed, to repair
without loss of time to Williamsburg. Letters directed to me near Fredericksburfr. O
ALEX. SPOTSWOOD, Lieutenant- Colonel of Second Regiment.
this vessel for
this obligation,
with interest accruing, than suffer a demand of the money here.
Should you take up the above obligation, which
will
be rendering the State of Maryland a singular service, please to advise us thereof by first opportunity.
Williamsburg, November 8, 1776. All Marines out upon furlough, belonging to my quota, are desired immediately to repair on board the brig Muskito,
Deserted, Jesse Harden, Joseph HairCaptain Harris. low, and Thomas Meriman, for apprehending each of whom I will give three
pounds reward.
JACOB VALENTINE.
597
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
ARCHIBALD BUCHANAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore,
November
8, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: I have received only five hundred pounds towards building gondolas. They are bolh decked, and now a calking, and will be ready very soon. You may order I w&nt a rigging and the materials as soon as you please. further sum of money, which please to pay to Mr. John Donelson. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
ARCH'D BUCHANAN.
To
CUMBERLAND DUGAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, 8th November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Your
me
favour of the 6th instant have re-
be informed what readiness the schooner Ninety-Two 's in for sea, &ic., of which the bearer, Captain Kilty, can inform you particularly only I have to She has been hove say her cargo is all ready to go off. down and graved with tallow, bottom, &c., but yet the carHow long it will take penters have some little to do to her. to
;
them, Captain Kilty will advise you, but 1 think she will be all clear for sea this day week. She has now in some of your staves, twenty hogsheads tobacco, and two hundred and twenty barrels flour; the rest of her flour I expect to get in to-morrow and the beginning of next week, and then her bread to fill up. As to a master, I imagine you won't get your choice of an undoubted good man, without you give the consignment, which they seem all to hang out for here; but by the time the vessel is loaded, I hope shall be able to procure a man of merit, and if such applies to you, hope you'll send him here. I am informed you have some salt vessels arrived to which is an article much wanted you, here, and the present
is
which
gress to assist his
the
their
598
authority to obtain the release of not permit to come out.
enemy would
of obtaining Mrs. Lewis with her children, in exchange for Mrs. Watts
Barrow, and
andMr?.
you have not already permitted these ladies to go into York, or given General Howe a promise to that effect, that you will make the release of our ladies, if we if
be allowed the expression, a Innecessary requisite. have complied with General Howe's request, we submit it to your Excellency whether Mrs. Lewis and Mrs. Robinson may not be asked for in return. We do not imagine that you will be refused but should you, we must recur to the unhappy expedient of withholding in future every similar indulgence to those ladies in our power, who may desire to visit their connexions in the Army. are very sorry that our enemies have compelled us to
may
;
We
resolve upon any thing which looks like severity, or indeed to lay any restraint upon the fair sex; but though we cannot
approve the practice, we shall be obliged to follow the example of his Britannick Majesty's commanders. have the honour to be, with the most perfect esteem,
We
your very obedient servants,
BENJ'N HARRISON, JAMES WILSON,
EDWARD RUTLEDGE. His Excellency General Washington,
Sic.,
P. S. Should Mrs. Watts and Mrs. Barrow carry in their baggage, Mrs. Lewis and Mrs. Robinson must have the same indulgence. Perhaps if the ladies cannot be exchanged 3 upon the above terms, Mrs. Lewis may be exchanged for Mrs. Kempe. B, H. J.
glad you would please to favour me with a line on this head, which shall esteem a favour; and having now nearly done with the Ninety-Two, shall be out of business, and do wish
you would order me the loading of another of your vessels, or any other business you may have to do this way; in all which I hope to act to your satisfaction. Gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant,
CUMB'D DUGAN. the honourable the Council of Safety for Maryland, at
Annapolis.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WARD. Philadelphia,
November
8, 1776.
SIR: I do myself the pleasure of forwarding the enclosed resolve, by which you will be informed that Congress, in consideration of your keeping the command in the Eastern Department, have come to the determination to allow
you the pay of a Major-General commanding in a separate department, from the time of your resignation until a suitable person can be appointed in your stead, or the matter shall be otherwise ordered by Congress. Wishing you all possible health and happiness, I am, with sentiments of esteem, sir, your most obedient and very humble servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
Hon. Major-General Ward, Massachusetts-Bay.
BOARD OF WAR TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
War Office, November 8th, 1776. SIR: Mr. Lewi,? (a brother Delegate) has given Congress information that application had been made to your Excellency by a flag from General Howe, to permit Mrs. Watts and Mrs. Barrow, the paymaster's wife, to go to their husbands in New-York, and at the same time, requested Con-
W.
E. R.
RICHARD PETERS TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. War Office, Philadelphia, November 8th, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: General
to the
publick as you may think proper to order it ; in all which expect to be accountable to you, and do your business to your satisfaction, I hope, and on as low terms as any person in this place. Should be it
Head-
&c.,
Quarters.
my
retail
of War,
propriety and Mrs. Robinson, her daughter,
principally to propose purchasing a cargo of you, shall take immediately out of your vessel at the
warehouse, and.
To
him with
whom
1776.
The House having referred the matter to the Board we beg leave to represent to your Excellency the
highest price any person will give here, and shall pay on receipt for the same, or load the vessel for you as you may order, or shall otherwise receive the salt in
To
lady,
NOVEMBER,
deed, should you
the honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
ceived, desiring of
&tc.,
Schuyler
is
very
desirous of having an answer to his letters respecting the Nanticoke Indians. The Six Nations repeatedly complain that those of that nation who were left in are
Maryland
detained there, contrary to their inclinations. though not founded in truth, creates much
This idea, and
uneasiness,
constantly held up by the Indians, with the General. is
in
their conferences
Congress have before written to your State on the subject on which I have now the honour of addressing you by order of the Board of War, but have not been favoured with an answer, which I have it in command to request you will
now
be pleased to give, that
it
may
be transmitted to Gen-
and he may thereby be enabled to satisfy the minds of the Indians on this subject. With the greatest respect, I have the honour to be, your most obedient humble servant, eral Schuyler,
RICHARD
PETERS, Sec'y. the honourable Convention, or Council of Safety, Maryland.
To
P. S. The Board have received an account of prisoners of war in your State, and would be obliged to you for a list of the officers of Continental troops raised in your State, their ranks, and dates of commission, and also the number of privates.
MEETING OF CITIZENS OF PHILADELPHIA.
At
number of the citizens of Philadelphia, Philosophical Society Hall, the 8th of November, 1776, Peter Chevalier Chairman a meeting of a
in the
:
Resolved unanimously, That the following Instructions to the Representatives of the City of Philadelphia, in Assembly, be published for the consideration of the citizens previous to a town-meeting to be held at the State House, the 12th instant, at nine o'clock in the forenoon:
To GEORGE CLYMER, JOSEPH PARKER, ROBERT MORRIS, MICHAEL SHUBERT, JOHN BAYARD, and SAMUEL MORRIS, Jun.,
Esquires:
GENTLEMEN: The
late suffrages
of your fellow-citizens
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
599
in appointing you to represent the City of Philadelphia the ensuing General Assembly of Pennsylvania, is a suffi-
in
cient proof that
We lament
we
wisdom and integrity. Government formed by the late
confide in your
that the frame of
Convention of the State is such that we are obliged to the charge you to use your utmost influence to prevent immediate execution of it. feel, with our fellow-citizens the inconveniences of a want of in every part of the State, a regular Government, that shall collect and exert the our powerful external and strength of the State against artful internal enemies; hut we choose rather to suffer these inconveniences for a few weeks longer than submit to a
We
Government which we apprehend
is
by no means equal
to
destroys the great objects of free Government, for which alone we
those purposes, and which
equal liberty and consented to draw the sword
NOVEMBER,
fcc.,
1776.
600
cloud which threatened to break over this part of the counThe Six Nations, try, appears now to be nearly dispersed.
Delawares, Munsics, Mohicans, and Shawanees, who have been assembled here to the number of six hundred and Ibrtyfour, with their principal chiefs and warriours, have given the strongest assurance of their resolutions to preserve inviolate the peace and neutrality they have engaged in with the United States. About sixty or seventy families, composed of most of the different tribes of the Six Nations, and a few of the Lake Indians, but principally of the Senecas, who removed from near the mouths of Cross Creeks, on the Ohio, a few years ago, and are now seated on the heads of the Scioto, have been the perpetrators of all the mischief and murders committed on the frontiers of Virginia, since the last treaty.
The
the constitution formed by the late Convention as are necessnry to render it a safe, rational, and
murders which have come to my knowledge are of at the mouth of Fish Creek, (where one boy is missing,) one man opposite Hockhocking, where four others were svounded, and two soldiers, who were killed and scalped within half a mile of Fort Randolph, at the mouth of Great Kenawha, all on the banks of the Ohio. Two
frame of Government; and we require your to the following Instructions relative to particular attention that important business
days before the last-mentioned happened, the Shawanese made it their business, as they frequently have done, to inform the commanding officer at Kenawha, that a party of
in
the present contest with
two women
Great Britain.
We
to propose to the Assembly, require of you, therefore,
soon as
as
amendments
convened, to make such alterations and
is
it
in
consistent
:
You
First.
consider well, that
will
all
Government
is
founded in the weakness and depravity of human nature, and that the perfection of Government consists in forming its powers in such a manner as shall most effectually guard against arbitrary power on the one hand and licentiousness on the other; and by these means give security to every individual for his liberty, property, and life. Secondly. You are to consider well the influence of ancient habits upon the minds of your constituents, and
you are to oppose unnecessary alterations in the form of Government of Pennsylvania, confining yourselves chiefly to such innovations as are necessary to abolish the late regal and proprietary power of the State, and to therefore
late
place the whole Executive power of the hands of the servants of the people.
Government
in the
You are carefully to adopt such parts of the conformed by the late Convention as secure to the people annual elections, suitable division and rotation of offices, liberty of conscience, freedom of the press, and trial Thirdly.
stitution
by
juries.
Fourthly.
supreme
You
are to use your endeavour to divide the power in such a manner as shall produce
legislative
wise, just, and well-digested counsels, and thus secure- the State from the influence of hasty, incorrect, passionate and prejudiced determinations. Fifthly. You are to urge the necessity of Judges holding their commissions during good behaviour, as a regulation
Mingoes, as these people are generally called, were in the Before any of these neighbourhood, with hostile intentions. murders were committed our frontier inhabitants were generally flown from their farms and evacuated the country for two hundred miles in extent, except at particular places, where some of them forted, and proposed to make a stand. This flight was occasioned by the false alarms we received in the months of August and September last, respecting the great assemblies of Indians to attack this post, and of a In order to put a stop to the general war being inevitable. conduct of the banditti above-mentioned the Six Nations have now deputed a principal chief and several warriors to go and remove the whole of them to the Seneca country or at least, to make them sensible of their errour, and engage them In case of a refusal, they are to threaten them with to desist. a total extirpation, as disturbers of the general peace in which several chiefs of different nations have assured me they Several principal men of the 'different nations will unite. having accepted the invitation of Congress to visit them, is a further proof of the peaceable disposition of their tribes. The Indians having frequently complained of our surveying their lands, and having now pointed to a recent instance ;
;
publick council, will give Congress a good opporconvince them of the sincerity of our professions on that head. For the particulars of every transaction here, I beg leave to refer to the Commissioners who wait thereof
upon Congress with
essential to the equal administration of justice. Sixthly. You will endeavour to form a Government in
arbitrary article in the constitution
upon the
liberty
of succeeding years, but allow the suffrages of the people, collected in any way they shall think proper, to make such changes in their constitution and laws as they shall at any
time judge essential to their freedom and happiness. You will therefore oppose those dangerous and alarming innovations in a free Government, a Council of Censors, and a Septennial Convention. Seventhly. You will use your influence to have such temas are necessary for the safety and porary ordinances passed protection
of this State, as well from internal as external
their report.
GENERAL STEPHEN TO THE BOARD OF WAR.
such a manner as to leave the people at all times in a situation adequate to their wants, and by no means encroach
by any
in
tunity to
Trenton, 8th November, 1776.
Enclosed are the receipts for what we have had for the use of the brigade under my command. Please to inform the Board that we left sick and convalescent at this place: of the Fourth Battalion, 95; of the 324. Fifth Battalion, 130; of the Sixth Battalion, 99; I give out that we are on our march to join the grand Army. When we arrive at Brunswick, I will wait on General Mercer, at Amboy, and if any thing can be done on Staten-Island I will rejoice at the opportunity. I have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient, humble servant '
ADAM STEPHEN.
enemies. Eighthly. You are to remember that the consent of a alone can render a frame of Governmajority of the people ment, as well as laws, valid, and therefore you will propose that the frame of
Government be submitted
To
Secretary Peters,
P. S.
are to alter or confirm the same, as shall be You will then immediately dissolve
expedient, you found necessary.
yourselves, having previously issued writs for the election of Assembly and other officers of Government.
COLONEL MORGAN TO PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Fort I
have the happiness
Pitt,
to inform
biigade are
Office, Philadelphia.
moved
to Princeton.
to the consider-
GENERAL MERCER TO THE BOARD OF WAR.
ation of the people a reasonable time, and after having collected their opinions in such a manner as shall be most
SIR:
The
War
November 8, 1776. Congress that the
to the Board of War.] Perth-Amboy, 8th November, 1776.
[Read llth: Referred
SIR: informs
By an me that
express just now arrived, General Greene the motions of the enemy discover an inten-
About ten thoution of crossing over to the Jersey side. sand of them appeared yesterday opposite to Dobbs's Ferry. General Washington has ordered a part of his Army to I have ordered the cross the river above the enemy. to move on with all possible Trenton at Virginia troops
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
601
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
602
force can be spared expedition, and shall draw together what The disfrom these posts to join our Army at Fort Lee. affected inhabitants of Monmouth County, along the- shores the enemy of Middleton and daily that
wounded, a Sergeant Wright of the Third Pennsylvania He received a ball in advancing to the rocky Regiment.
a descent on that part of the coast. They are British the to associations troops on their forming join Colonel Thompson, with part of his battalion of landing. Sussex Militia, marched two days ago to reinforce Colonel
affair,
Shrewsbury, expect
will
make
the Militia of
Hendrkkson, who commands
Monmouth,
with orders to secure such persons as were openly inimical, and to drive off I have the honour
the stock
all
to be,
sir,
fit
for use.
your most obedient servant,
HUGH MERCER.
To
Honourable John Hancock, Esq.
breastwork.
hava been the more particular in the detail of this little as it serves to show, in some measure, the force and Here a few men out of the advantage of good discipline. Third and Fifth Pennsylvania battalions, which are remarkI
able for their discipline, without any preconcerted plan, met together by chance, and without a leader to direct them, exhibited an epitome of generalship that would not have dishonoured even Hannibal or Scipio. Examples of this
show more than any
thing else the importance and late of and inculcating the strictest forms of necessity early It is by no means improbable that the beauty discipline. and order of most of the animal motions arise from repeti-
kind
This, particularly in the soldiery, begets habits which are often preferable to the greatest courage. November 9th. Hitherto the achievements of our little tion.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER PROM AN OFFICER AT MOUNT WASHINGTON, TO A GENTLEMAN IN PHILADELPHIA. Mount Washington, York
Island,
November
8, 1776.
Friday night, 10 o'clock.
This day a few of the
common
soldiers of the
)
$
Third and
Fifth Pennsylvania battalions gave riss to a little skirmish, which, though trifling in itself, yet I cannot help relating, as it serves to point out some of the effects of discipline. The scene of this little rencountre lay on an eminence between the termination of Mount Washington and King's in a transverse line with, and under the full com-
Bridge,
mand
of a height
in
possession
of our Hessian enemy. facing some of our
Near the summit of this eminence, and
works, is a large rock or natural breastwork, where a small of our people had body of their men were posted. Two the boldness to advance up this hill, without the least cover, they said, to have a fairer shot at those planted These sustained the musketry of behind the rocky barrier. the Hessians and the fire of a field-piece from the neighSome more of our men came up to their bouring height. The fire upon the breastwork was now redouassistance. enemies in such a close and bled, and poured in upon their as entirely silenced them. succession well-managed The Hessian main guard, who were posted about four hundred yards from this place, seeing the danger of their I think to their relief. sentries, turned out and marched in motion. Our little the of about was there enemy fifty in order, as
fifteen and twenty. body was now augmented to between They were now at but a very small distance from the rocky
breastwork,
saw
when
Army
bury, on Boston Neck, and a few houses in Charlestown, under cover of the night. But here such exploits are conducted in open day. This morning we found the enemy once more in possession of the rock from whence we had routed them yesterday. About eight men, under the command of Colonel Penrose, of Philadelphia, and Major Hubley, (lately an officer to the As northward,) resolved to dislodge them a second time. the men were in high spirits, and the barn and dwellinghouse which the guard occupied at but a small distance, the We soon regained the Colonel proposed storming them. rock, and, with surprising rapidity, the houses, notwithstanding an incessant fire from their artillery, main guard, and a
small redoubt in an orchard adjoining the guard that commanded the road. The Hessians were soon obliged to killed on the abandon their posts. spot about ten, the
We
either escaped
rest
or were burned in
order, immediately fired. It is something remarkable that on our side we had only one man wounded. Perhaps the sally was so unexpected as to
men
have entirely disconcerted and confused them. No ever behaved more resolutely or bravely than ours.
perceiving the route of the Hessians, they
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE BOARD OF WAR. White-Plains,
gained,
could see the brave fellows form with the utmost regularity and order; and then, as if under the command of the best officer, arrange into three divisions. The ical juncture I
on both
sides, as if
by mutual agreement, seemed
the issue of this willing to trust in the field
Two
and
in
little affair
to those already
motion.
of our divisions immediately began a circuit round
the bend of the hill, in order, as was supposed, to get on the rear of the enemy at the rocks, and opposite the main
who were coming on, whilst the centre division advanced towards the rock, keeping up all the while a regular This little piece of instinctive, or rather mechanical fire. had a most beautiful effect. The sentries, aware generalship, guard,
of their danger, precipitately retreated, carrying off with them two killed or wounded. Our men took possession of their their post, burned and blanket, which
huts, and secured a rifle-gun, a musket, I suppose belonged to those who were
GENTLEMEN:
sian
artillery.
The
To me
enter the service of the States.
there appears that
one of two modes must be adopted: they must either be appointed to places in some of the regiments, or formed into The former was advised as the most elia distinct corps. It gible in respect to the gentlemen who were here before. to form an accurate opinion of the merits of an requires time and the present situation of the Army will not allow
officer,
me
to
pay a particular attention
such notice as he
may
to
Monsieur Laytamai, or
wish to receive, or
I to give; nor is of making his stay here agreeable. I have the honour to be, with great esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
there any
way
Go. WASHINGTON.
now
reinforced with a few stragglers from other regiments. fire was so very well directed and judiciously manto keep the Hessians at bay ; and at length forced as aged them to take shelter in an orchard nearly opposite to our
Their
of adventurers.
and then came off
in
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL GREENE. Head-duarters, November 8th, 1776.
now
united, and seemed, notfield-pieces and superiour force
divisions
enemy's which was advancing against them, resolved on defending the For this purpose we height they had so martially obtained. could see them dispose themselves along a railed fence that commanded the road by which the Hessian guard must pass before they could make an advantageous attack. They were
line
8, 1776.
I
Upon
withstanding their
little
November
have been favoured with yours of the 31st ultimo, by Monsieur Laytamai, and must take the liberty of referring you to my former letters upon the subject of providing for the French gentlemen who shall incline to
gaining the contested ground, they gave three cheers for the Congress, which was returned by their flanking parties, and replied to by a discharge from the Hes-
carried off.
the houses, which
some of our men, without
that they must either give up the ground they had At this critor intimidate the approaching enemy.
spectators
The
on York Island have been extremely fortunate.
genius that presides here seems to be of the enterprising Last campaign it was thought matter of great hardikind. hood and praise to burn the enemy's guard-house at Rox-
They held their ground till night, good order, and with only one man
The
passage of the three vessels up the North River (which we have just received advice of) is so plain a proof of the inefficacy of all the obstructions we have thrown into it, that I cannot but think it will fully justify a change If we cannot in the disposition which has been made. prevent vessels passing up, and the enemy are possessed of the surrounding country, what valuable purpose can it answer to attempt to hold a post from which the expected benefit I am therefore inclined to think it will not cannot be had? be prudent to hazard the men and stores at Mount Washbut as you are on the spot, leave it to you to
SIR:
late
ington; such orders as to evacuating
give
Mount Washington
as
you
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
603 and so
best,
judge
Magaw
to
defend
far
it
revoking the order given Colonel
to the last.
The best accounts obtained from the enemy assure us of a considerable movement among their boats last evening and so far as can be collected from the various sources of into Jersey, and intelligence, they must design a penetration ;
down upon your
fall
post.
You
will therefore
all
whom all their effects of tage to the poor inhabitants, from and without the distinction without are kind taken, every least satisfaction.
our circumTroops are filing off from hence as fast as stances and situation will admit, in order to be transported over the river with I
am,
sir,
NOVEMBER,
604
1776.
the honourable Convention to give such directions to the Committee that I may receive my property again, which I
humbly conceive I am justly entitled I am, sir, your obedient servant,
To
Pierre
Van
to.
JOHN THOMAS.
Cortlandt, Esq., President of Convention.
immediately
the stores, &c., removed, which you do not deem drawn necessary for your defence ; and as the enemy have found have and from the relief provisions they forage great in the country, and which our tenderness spared, you will do well to prevent their receiving any fresh supplies there, by destroying it, if the inhabitants will not drive off their Experience slock, and remove the hay, grain, &c., in time. has shown that a contrary conduct is not of the least advan-
have
fcc.,
all
expedition. your obedient, humble servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Albany, November 8th, 1776.
SIR: Mr. Livingston's furnace not being in blast, has disThat at Salisappointed me in getting stoves from thence. bury is employed in casting cannon, and I am informed that there is a furnace in the Highlands, where they may be Permit me to beg the favour of you to get the procured. to cast fifty of the largest size in common use; they are to have pipes fixed on them. I wish them to have them done as soon as possible, and sent to this place. I shall
owner
immediately order payment on receiving the account. I am, very respectfully, your obedient, humble servant,
PHILIP SCHUYLER.
The honourable New- York.
President of the Convention of the State of
To
Major-General Greene. P. S. I need not suggest to you the necessity of giving General Mercer early information of all circumstances, in order that he may move up to your relief with what troops he has.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO A GENTLEMAN IN VIRGINIA, DATED HEAD-QUARTERS, WHITE-PLAINS, NOVEMBER 8, 1776.
We
have certain information that the enemy are retreattowards King's Bridge; in consequence of which our ing He General has sent out strong parties to harass their rear. has acquired great honour in baffling the schemes of General Howe, who is most certainly disappointed in his grand He has been employed in plan of surrounding our Army. this business since the 17th of last month, and has now pushed off without having benefited his cause in the smallest His Army have marked their march and retreat degree. with every act of rapine and desolation, not confining their depredations to the Whigs, for the Tories have equally sufIt is alleged that it is not in General ferred with them. Howe's power to restrain the Hessians and other foreigners in his
them
Army,
it
being of too
much consequence
to offend
for trifles.
ROBERT BOYD TO MATTHEW CANTINE. New-Windsor, November SIR: I solicit
the
8th, 1776.
am
requested by the Committee of our County to members thereof now representing it in the Con-
vention of the State, to have the matter determined relative members of the Precinct Committee being subject to
to the
As there is some uneasiness prevailing in the County, I beg you will use your endeavours to have the matter fixed in absolute terms, so that it may be clearly military duty.
understood whether Committees are subject to the command of military or militia officers. I further request that you will endeavour to have the matter determined what is to be done concerning recruits
who
neglect to attend County Committees, after due notice given them. Sir,
your compliance will much oblige your constituents, your humble servant, ROBERT BOYD, Jun.
also save trouble to
To Matthew in
Cantine, Esq., one of the members Convention, New-York.
for Ulster,
November
8, 1776.
beginning of June last, when in New- York, I purchased a quantity of tea and sent it up to Esopiis. in few days ago I went up to Ulster County, for safety.
SIR:
Albany, November
DEAR
A
it
I
returned with them. I am, most respectfully, your Excellency's most obedient, humble servant, PH. SCHUYLER.
His Excellency General Washington. Be so good as to forward this account to Congress, as I have not time to write, this going by the Convention post.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GENERAL GATES. Albany, November
DEAR
SIR: I
instant, advising
to Connecticut, the place
it had been opened and that the unknown, remaining part was in the by persons I custody of the Committee. applied to them for it, which
box of
they refused delivering me, until 1 could get an order from I therefore beg the favour of the Convention of this State.
8, 1776.
am just favoured with your letter of the 5th me of the departure of the British troops
from Crown-Point, an event that will give great pleasure General Washington continues securely to the country. posted on the heights, near the White-Plains. Nothing material has lately happened there, except that the enemy's ships sustained considerable damage in their attack on Fort , Washington. Accounts from Boston say that a vessel is arrived there, the master of which declares that war is proclaimed by the French against England. He goes so far as to say that he had himself read the declaration. A prisoner and deserters from the British Army near the White-Plains say that such a report prevailed with them. As the Militia are now coming away, there will not be a
conveying the boards, &c., to you therefore send men to Skenesborough and Cheshire's. Flour is getting on very fast, and I hope in a few days to send you more nails. Pray cause the lake, from the redoubt to Mount Independence, to be sounded, and all the different depths marked down on a line, of the distance between the two. In ten days we shall have barracks at Saratoga for a thousand men. I am, dear General, with every friendly wish, yours most person
left
to assist in
from Cheshire's.
You must
sincerel ^'
PH. SCHUYLER. General Gates.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Albany, November 8th, 1776.
The
fetch the tea, intending to carry where I live, and found that one
8, 1776.
have the honour to inform your Excellency that General Gates has advised me of the retreat of the The last of them left British troops from Crown-Point. Crown-Point on Monday morning. Sir John Johnson is SIR:
The Honourable
JOHN THOMAS TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fishkill,
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
have the honour to advise you that General Carleton with his whole Army is retreated to Canada. The last of his troops left Crown-Point at ten o'clock on Monday morning. Sir John Johnson returned with him. I am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant, SIR:
I
PH. SCHUYLER. Honourable President of the Convention of the State of New- York.
605
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, MATTHEW VISCHEH TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
Albany, November 8th, 1776. DEAR SIR: Yesterday we had accounts from Colonet Ten Broeck that Barent Roseboom, with fifteen of our Albany Militia, had been to Crown-Point, where they found some horses and cattle, which have been brought into our camp. Just now Major Steivart arrived, who brings accounts that the enemy have entirely evacuated Crown-Point, and are
returned
to Canada, telling the inhabitants at that place they would return early in the spring, when they would give our Army hot work. Nothing from the westward but peace. Messrs. Gansevoort, Lush, Dr. Young, and myself, are appointed a Committee to correspond with the Convention. Mrs. Yatcs and the family is well. Yours sincerely, MATTHEW VISCHER.
To Mr.
Yates.
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
606
North- Castle, the two Armies in view, each endeavouring to out-flank the other, and a general action supposed to be unavoidable. General Burgoyne is confidently asserted to be at New-York, and if there is any faith in Dutchmen, which I greatly doubt, Sir John Johnson is near the Mohock country.
me now, sir, to congratulate you on the arrival of happy period to which we have all looked forward with the most anxious expectation France has declared war with Permit
that
:
General Schuyler last night received information from Head-Quarters at New-York, that a vessel had arrived at Boston, from one of the French islands, bringing the inteland what induces me to believe it true is, that a ligence deserter who came from the enemy says they had received Britain.
;
God
the like information.
arms of Britain sir,
grant that this
divert the
may
another quarterns the sincere wish your ever affectionate and obedient humble servant, to
of,
MORGAN LEWIS. General Gates.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO THE PRESIDENT OP CONGRESS. [Read
15.]
BERNARD ROMANS TO GENERAL GATES.
Albany, November 8th, 1776.
SIR: Before
this
comes
to
hand you
will
informed that the enemy have retreated from Crown-Point into Canada, an event of which General Gates advised me
by the bearer hereof, Major Steivard. of the Militia to be dismissed as ward and westward.
still
I have ordered such remain to the north-
Messrs. Stockton and Clymer are expected here to-day. communicate to those gentlemen what I think necessary to be done in this department in the course of the I shall
winter.
I have been disappointed in procuring stoves for the barracks at Mr. Livingston's iron works, which are not in blast. It is hardly possible to do without them, and I shall therefore send to some other place; but as I cannot procure sheet-iron for the pipes, I wish to have one hundred and sheets expedited to rne the soonest possible.
fifty
am, sir, with great respect and esteem, your most obedient, humble servant. I
JrH.
bCHUYLER.
LEONARD GANSEVOORT TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT. Albany, 8th .November, 1776.
SIR
:
I
am
Committee of the City and acknowledge the receipt of the resolve
directed
County of Albany
to
by the
of your House by express. By Major Walter Stuart, Aid-de-Camp to General Gates, who just now arrived from Ticonderoga, we learn that the
enemy have entirely evacuated Crown-Point, and are returned to Canada, telling the inhabitants that the season was too far advanced this year, but that early in the spring they would return and give them (meaning our Army) hot work.
We
have received nothing from the westward, but that every thing was peace in that quarter. I
am, most
respectfully, your very
humble
servant,
LEONARD GANSEVOOKT.
To
Pierre
Van
Cortlandt. Esq.
Albany, November
being sent for was in order that I might perform the duties of my department, he being determined to act in the Quartermaster line no longer; so that I imagine I shall be detained altogether at this place. I have delivered the General your memoranda of the articles wanted at Ty. He informs me he has wrote for them some time since, and will forward them as soon as they arrive. When at Skenesborough I gave all necessary orders relative to the procuring provender for the cattle, and hope ere this they have been complied with although I confess I cannot put so great a confidence ;
commanding
officer there, as I at first
ima-
gined.
New-York we learn that, our Army and have had enemy many skirmishes lately, in most of which have proved successful. That Head-Quarters is at
By the
we
express from
pleased to honour
and also
to
Agreeable
:
November
to the instructions
me
8, 1776.
you were
with, I have repaired to this place, Anne, or Cheshire's, where 1 have
Fort
viewed, and, as well as the shortness of time and the want of instruments would allow, surveyed the works already done at both places, the result of which please to accept in the following report :
At Skeenesborough
the spot pitched upon appears to be the best place on the west side of the river, or, indeed, any where at all for the protection of the mills, which 1 take to
be
in
no small danger, should the enemy ever attempt
destroy them.
But
the thing called a fort, baffles
all
to
de-
It is an irregular polygon irregular indeed ; and Add to this form, indefensible with a vengeance. that it occupies so much ground as to require at least three hundred men to defend it in every part, to which material defect the stupidity of its plan adds not a little; nor could a body of men hold out in it for want of water a well, I
scription
by
:
;
its
The plan will fear, being unattainable within the stockado. The palisaexactly acquaint you with its size and shape. does are bad ; many are slabs, as are all the fraizes. The The bargate is only three inches thick, of white pine. racks forty-five foot by twenty, and of the foolish structure called a story and a half. On the subject of the two last articles, I have told the commanding officers what I now
of. To the first, he seems to believe that the gate enough; my last remark he was sensible of, but the carpenters must go home, and the late season will not admit of a more extensive building. The pricked lines on
inform you
is
thick
the same plan will show you my opinion how this piece of ground might have been occupied to some advantage. Colonel Wynlcoop seems, however, to think much of a vigorous defence he could (with fifty men) make in the present fort; and on the whole, that gentleman seems very averse to have any more work done here.
The stone
house on the east side appears to me calculated great nuisance in the hands of a partisan, who mighj slily come here ; therefore I think it necessary to be dismantled, or if not, I would recommend the blocking up
become a
and windows. The small building joining, one good flanker already, and if it was stockadoed on its south side, as my pricked line, and part of the roof on the north side prepared to remain as a blind towards the of
8, 1776.
HONOURED SIR: Immediately upon my arrival here I was informed by General Schuyler that the reason of rny
the present
HONOURED SIR
to
MORGAN LEWIS TO GENERAL GATES.
in
Skene's Borough,
probably be
its
doors
affords
hill, while the remaining part be ready to take down in case of attack: thus altered, this small work, in the hands of sixty or eighty men, (notwithstanding its vicinity to the defence against a very furious hill,) might make an obstinate assault, especially if the garrison be conducted by an officer
who
is
acquainted with the methods of defence
in
such posts,
the more so as one or two light cannon might be employed to advantage in it, and as it appears to stand on a spot
where a well might be obtained. The work at Cheshire's is good, contrived, but its flankers The dotted lines denote
ill
executed.
how
substantial,
Enclosed
and well is its
plan.
of alterin Jun
Colonel Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq., President, Committee of Safety, Fishkill.
story comes truth of it.
Jesse Jones, Paul Thomas, Amos Brooks, Isaac Green, William Gorse.
,
To
so straight that I have very It was even said that they
Israel Carpenter.
Benjamin Carpenter,
Colonel SERGEANT'S.
will
in his
Jesse Woodworth, James Crocker
Hyde,
Colonel BALDWIN'S.
Phinehas Downing,
His Excellency General Washington.
SIR: This
Christopher Frink, Elijah Huntington, Pnul Harvey, Daniel Rosse, Jedediah Palmer,
there.
humble servant, your Excellency's most obedient, STIRLING.
ROBERT BOYD,
DOUGLASS'S.
Elam Luddington.
Major ZABDIEL ROGEHS'S.
;
attempt
WM.
636
1776.
Daniel North,
Richard Woodron, Joshua Williams,
Nathaniel Washbone, Edward Goddart,
Joseph Keeney, William Hilton, Alexander Glover,
Benjamin Burrows, Elijah Racket, John Blackmail,
Nash
James Burnet,
Mitchell,
David Searle, Eliphalet Tayler.
James Davis,
Colonel WYLLYS'S.
Allen Bidwell, Charles Riley,
Samuel Lucas, Josiah Hubbard, Jonathan Tinker, John Hurst,
Edward
Ebenezer Demmock, William Ross,
Jonah Riseing, Enos Blakely, Rossell Webster, Ashble Gridley, Enos Hull, Ephraim Hurford,
Gideon Cole, Justice Blyrm,
John Tyler, Noah Owen, Elijah Messenger,
John Steadman, Samuel Killburn,
Jonathan Clark, Comfort Goff, Levi West, Ezra Rowe,
Foster,
Eleazer Whipple, Charles Kent,
Amaza Chapman, William Nobles, Daniel Warner, Jonah Gates.
John Rowe,
Captain DOUGLASS'S. Lieutenant Parks.
Comfort Slack,
James Dickson,
&tc., &,c.,
Colonel HORSFORD'S.
PH. SCHUYLER.
Captain Ephraim Carpenter.
General Gates.
Colonel SELDEN'S.
A List of sick Officers and Soldiers at STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, recommended for discharge as are unfit for any further service for the present campaign, agreeable to instructions from Dr. }. MORGAN, Director-General, by
PHILIP TURNER, Esq., Surgeon of the General Hospital. Of Colonel TROOP'S Regiment. Amaziah Spencer, Daniel Spencer, Caleb Gates, Thomas Brooks,
Daniel Morgan, Skinner, Isaac Higgins,
Wm.
Colonel SAGE'S. Josiah
John Kingsly, Wilson, Samuel Fuller, Samuel Turner,
Wm.
Jonathan Dunham, Phineas Turner,
recommended
a discharge to
me by
Enoz Martin Kellog,
sent campaign, and
Gideon Nolton,
Dr. Philip Turner, Esq., Surgeon of the General Hospital, in whose judgment I can trust, and on whose integrity I
Niles Taylor.
can
Capt.
Lieut. David Patten.
Wood,
The above-named, from amongst several hundred persons, already examined under the denomination of sick men, are thought a burden to the service, unfit for duty the pre-
Colonel STORER'S. Lieut.
Elisha Fitch, Ens. John Williams.
Benjamin Main, Joshua Holmes,
Daniel Hillyard, Zeb. Dudley,
rely.
I therefore
report
for
them
to
your Excellency as
for a discharge.
Joshua Parker,
Edmund
Isaac Palmer,
John Thompson,
Stephen Fuller, James Spaulden, Josiah Collins,
Ensign Jo. Palmer, Elias Palmer, James White.
Conant,
proper persons November 10, 1776.
JOHN MORGAN, Director-General of the Hospital,
To
His Excellency George Washington, Esq.
(fc.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
637
EXTRACT OF A LETTER RECEIVED IN LONDON, DATED DOVER, ENGLAND, NOVEMBER 11, 1776. Arrived the Georgiana, Kentish, from Bluesfields, in Jamaica, after a passage of thirteen weeks and four days, under convoy of the Pallas frigate, the Hon. Captain Cornwallis, with a fleet of about one hundred sail of ships.
On the 18th of September, in latitude 31 47', longitude 75, the Pallas made sail, and was out of sight of said ship On the 5th of October, the Georseventeen days after. giana was chased, and taken by an American brig-ofwar, called the Cabot, Captain Hinman, mounting fourteen six-pounders, as many swivels, and one hundred and fifty men. After being plundered of all their arms, powder, and as much sugar, rum, cotton, &.c., as the Americans could conveniently get out, they put on board the officers and seamen belonging to the under-mentioned ships, prizes which they had taken, viz the Westmoreland, Hore, from Jamaica to London; the Lowther, Cowman, from ditto to 30' N., ditto; on the 27th of September, in latitude 41 :
45: the Esther, Harvey, from ditto to ditto; the Watson, Pearson, from ditto to Liverpool; and the Clarendon, Denniston, from ditto to Glasgow; on the 2d of October, in latitude 41 N., longitude 45. They sent on board for the maintenance of the people three barrels of pork, two hundred weight of bread, and two puncheons of water, which were not sufficient, as they have been at very short allowance ever since parting from the American which was the next day. Captain Kentish spoke pirates, with the Betsey, Angus, from Jamaica, off Stilly, who spared him some bread and water, or they must all have longitude brig
perished.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER RECEIVED IN LONDON, DATED SOUTHHAMPTON, (ENGLAND,) NOVEMBER 11, 1776.
The
brig Kingston, Captain Reveness, is this day arrived fourteen days from Oporto, and brings advice of the
in
arrival there of the
brig Ceres, Captain Squires, in seven days from Bilboa, and that sixteen sail of American privateers were there, one of which had taken five sail of
English ships on her passage thither, among them was the Susanna, Crawford, from Oporto for London, lately menThe day Captain Reveness sailed from Oporto, tioned. an express arrived there from his Majesty's Consul at the Groyne, setting forth that four American privateers were then in the harbour of Ferrol, supplying themselves for a The same day the post from Lisbon brought advice cruise. that a schooner of eighteen guns, sailing extraordinary fast, had taken several vessels near the Rock, one of them, a brig laden with corn, after having taken the pilot on board. Their colours are a red field with thirteen stripes, where our union is placed, denoting the united rebellious Colonies.
fcc.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
638
your officers or some proper person to us instantly with an account thereof. The dullest sailer of the Fly or Wasp must follow after this fleet, and watch their motions, and
whenever you make discovery of
know
their destination, so as to
with certainty, put in for the land and send us information by express. Thus you must watch this fleet, one it
before and the other after them, until you can inform us where they are bound. Should they go for Chesapeake Bay, put into some of the inlets on the coast and give advice to the Council of Safety of Virginia and Maryland by express. If they go for North- Carolina, South- Carolina, or Georgia, observe the same conduct, and if they go to the northward do the like. In short, we think you may, by a spirited execution of these orders, prevent them from coming by surprise upon any part of this Continent, and be assured you cannot recommend yourself more effectually to our If you could find an friendship. opportunity of attacking and taking one of the fleet on their coming out it might be the means of giving us ample intelligence: in such case send all the papers and prisoners here expeditiously.
We
are, sir, your humble servants. Captain Elisha Warner.
ROBERT OGDEN TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Elizabeth-Town, llth November, 1776.
SIR: As I cannot at present, without the greatest difficulty, have access to Colonel Trumbull, Commissary, under whom I act, therefore send my son, the bearer, on purpose to get salt to supply troops in my department. ticulars refer you to him. The disappointments I
my
For par-
have met with in not getting that article, the necessity of an immediate supply, or the troops must suffer, for which reasons I don't doubt but you will give him all the assistance in your power, which will promote the interest of the common cause, and greatly oblige, honourable sir, your most obedient,
humble
servant,
KOBERT OGDEN.
The Honourable John Hancock. GENERAL GREENE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Fort Lee, November 11, 1776.
I
DEAR GENERAL: By Justice Mercereau, of Staten- Island, am informed that ten thousand troops embarked on board
of a number of transports day
Dunmore was
before yesterday;
Lord
command, and that they were bound for South- Carolina. A large number of transports were getting Mercereau says that ready to sail for England for stores. he saw a man from York yesterday, that informed him he had been employed in constructing a number of gondolas to carry one eighteen-pounder the gondolas are to be employed in fetching hay from Newark Meadows. The Light to
;
Horse, he says, are perishing for want of hay.
Mercereau
MARINE COMMITTEE TO CAPTAIN WARNER. Philadelphia,
November
11, 1776.
We
have received intelligence that our enemies at New- York are about to embark fifteen thousand men on board their transports, but where they are bound remains to be found out. The station assigned you makes it probable
SIR
:
we may
best discover their destination by your means, be impossible this fleet of transports can get out of Sandy Hook without your seeing them; and we particularly direct you to take such station as will prevent a of their passing you unseen. The Wasp must that for
it
will
probability act in conjunction with you,
and
for that
purpose you will best to be done, and
concert with Lieutenant Baldwin what is When you discover give him orders accordingly.
this fleet,
watch their motions, and the moment they get out to sea and shape their course, send your boat on shore with a letter to be despatched by express, informing us what course they steer, how many sail they consist of, if you can ascertain their numbers, and how many ships-of-war attend them. We expect this letter will be sent off to you by Mr. James Searle, who is at Shrewsbury, and he will either receive your letters and send them off to us by express or get some If this fleet steer to the southward, lo do it. proper person either the Fly or Wasp, which ever sails fastest, must precede the fleet, keeping in shore and ahead of them and if you find they are bound into the Capes of Delaware, run into some of the inlets on the Jersey shore, and send one of ;
further informs
me, by the way of General
Williamson, that our prisoners in the city are perishing for want of sustenance, having only half allowance of bread and water. They are reduced to the necessity to beg, and instead of receiving any charity, are called damned Rebels,
and
told
their fare
is
good enough, and
that they
had no
business to burn the grain on Long-Island.
This moment came to hand a large number of letters from the prisoners of New-York, several to your Excellency. They came out by the way of Mount Washington; the enemy remains quiet there this afternoon. I
am, dear General, your most obedient and very humble
servant,
T
/-,
]\ATH. (jREENE.
To
His Excellency General Washington, at White-Plains. HEAD-QUARTERS, JVotiemier 13, 1776. This letter was opened by JOHN S. EUSTACE, A. D. C. General Lte.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 15th.] Peekskill,
November
11, 1776.
acknowledge the honour of your letter of the 5th instant, and its several enclosures, and to inform that, agreeable to the resolves of Congress, I shall SIR
:
I
have only time
to
you
use every measure in my power that the moving and present confused state of the Army will admit of, for to appoint You will have been advised before officers for recruiting. this
of the arrival of Commissioners from the Massachusetts;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
639 others have
come from Connecticut; but from the present we seem but little if any nearer levy-
appearance of things, ing an
Army.
had anticipated the resolve respecting the Militia, by writing to the Eastern States and to the Jersey, by the advice of my General Officers and from a consciousness of the necessity of getting in a number of men if possible to keep How my applications up the appearance of an Army. I have little or no will succeed the event must determine. reason to expect that the Militia now here will remain a day longer than the time they first engaged for. I have I
recommended
and requested
general orders. the Massachusetts Commissioners are
their stay,
it
in
General Lincoln and but as far as using their interest with those from that State I can we on their cannot staying. rely judge all I left White-Plains about eleven o'clock yesterday peace there. The enemy appeared to be preparing for their
fcc.,
NOVEMBER,
640
1776.
Head-Quarters, White-Plains, November 8th, 1776. (Countersign, Partsmouth.)
(Parole, Philadelphia.)
The Court
Martial of which General
McDougall is Preof immediately Major Austin, in " arrest, upon charge of burning the houses at White- Plains, contrary to general orders." Colonel Graham and Captain Gerrish, tried by a Court Martial whereof General McDougall was President, for misbehaviour upon the approach of the enemy, are acsident, to
for the trial
sit
quitted.
Captain Poole, of Colonel Gary's regiment, and General Fellows's brigade, tried by the same Court Martial, and convicted of shamefully abandoning his post, ordered to be cashiered.
;
;
expedition to Jersey, according to every information. their designs are, or whether their present conduct
The General approves each of the above sentences, orders the former to join their regiments, and the latter to depart the Army immediately.
What is
not a
The Maryland and Virginia cannot determine. have crossed the river, as have under Lord Stirling troops those from the Jersey; the remainder are now embarking. The troops judged necessary to secure the several posts
Head-Quarters, White-Plains, November 9th, 1776.
feint, I
I through the Highlands have also got up. examine the passes, and direct such works as
am going to may appear
necessary; after which, and making the best disposition I can of things in this quarter, I intend to proceed to Jersey,
which
I
The
expect to do to-morrow. Assemblies of Massachusetts and
Connecticut, to
induce their men more readily to engage in the service, have voted an advance pay of twenty shillings per month in addiIt may pertion to that allowed by Congress to privates. their levying the quotas exacted from means of be the haps them sooner than they could otherwise be raised, but I am of opinion a more fatal or mistaken policy could not have entered their counsels, or one more detrimental to the general cause. The influence of the vote will become Continental,
and materially
the other States in making
affect
up
their
If they could do it, I am certain when the troops come to act together, that jealousy, impatience, and mutiny, different pay cannot exist in the would necessarily arise. levies.
A
The
reasons are obvious, and experience has proved their force in the case of the Eastern and Southern Sensible of this, and of the pernicious troops last spring.
same Army.
consequences that would inevitably result from the advance, I have prevented the Commissioners from proceeding or publishing their terms till they could obtain the sense of Congress upon the subject, and remonstrated against it in a letter to
Governour TrumbuU.
I have the concurrence of
all
I am not singular in opinion : the General Officers of its fatal
tendency. I congratulate you and Congress upon the news from Ticonderoga, and that General Carleton and his Army have been obliged to return to Canada without attempting any thing. I have the
honour to be, with great respect,
sir,
your
most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
GENERAL ORDERS. Head-Quarters, White-Plains, November 7th, 177G. (Parole,
The
Dedham.)
Colonels, or
(Countersign, Neivbury.)
commanding
officers
of regiments, are
men, examine the state of their parade immediately regiments, and make out their pay abstracts in a careful, correct manner, for the month of September General WadsworMs brigade to be in readiness to remove in a short notice to the ground on which Lord Stirling is to
their
.
Colonel Silliman to take charge of the brigade posted. during General H'adsivorth's illness. The General Officers, Colonels, and commanding officers
of regiments, are again called upon to examine the baggage of the troops under marching orders to take care that the tents and spare arms of the regiment are first put into the No wagons, and then the proper baggage of the regiment. chairs, tables, heavy chests, or lumber of any kind, to be put in, as it will certainly be thrown off and left. No officer of any rank is to meddle with a wagon or cart ;
appropriated for any other regiment, or publick use, as they wish to avoid confusion, and injuring the service.
(Parole,
(Countersign,
.)
.)
The
General desires that all Colonels and commanding officers of regiments, will be particularly attentive that no discharged men, or men whose times have, or are about to expire, be suffered to carry off any arms, camp-kettles, utensils, or any other kind of stores, which belong to the publick but that the whole be carefully delivered to the Quartermas;
ter-General (or his Assistants) or to the Commissary oi Stores, as the case may be, taking receipts therefor, in discharge of those they have passed for the delivery, in behali of the corps they respectively belong to.
Head-Quarters, White-Plains, November 10th, 1776. (Parole, North-Cattle.)
Such
(Countersign, Bedford.)
have been commissioned by the different States for the new Army, are immediately to set about recruiting from the troops of such State only, upon the following terms: Twenty dollars bounty, a suit of clothes, one hundred acres of land. The same pay and rations as officers as
now given. The service to continue during the present contest with Great Britain. are
Such ample encouragement, it is not doubted, will induce every true lover of his country to engage in its defence, to preserve it from the horrours of slavery and the desolation
No boys (under the idea of waiters or otherwise) or old men to be inlisted if they are. they will be returned on the hands of the officer, with-
of a cruel and barbarous enemy.
;
out any allowance for any expense he
COLONEL
H. B. LIVINGSTON
may
be
at.
TO THE NEW-YORK COMMITTEE
OF ARRANGEMENT. Fishkills, llth
November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Should it be thought proper to honour me with the command of a regiment, in order to its being tolerably well officered I must beg leave to recommend to your notice the following officers, who I am of opinion are the commissions set opposite their names. If qualified for
you, gentlemen, should be of the same opinion, I should be happy to see them in those stations : Major Peter Schuylcr, fifth Lieutenant-Colonel; Major , Brigade-Major to General Scott, a Major; Captain Socket, a Captain to Grifin's company; Captain Roselcrans and Captain
Davis continued Lieutenant Jonathan Titus, an old officer, and Lieutenant Israel Smith, Captains in case of vacancies; Lieutenant George Smith, to be a First Lieutenant, a worthy officer of approved resolution; Woolsey, a volunteer in the excursion to Long-Island, a Lieutenant if possible, if A Surgeon, an Adjutant, a Quartermasnot, an Ensign. ter and Chaplain, will be much wanted, none having been ;
appointed to the regiment I now serve in. I remain, gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant, HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Lieutenant- Colonel.
To
the
Gentlemen of the Committee of Arrangement.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 18: Referred
to
Board of War.]
Albany, November llth, 1776.
SIR: that
I
am
just informed
on Tuesday, the 4th
by a
letter
from General Gates,
instant, there
was not the
least
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
641
That sign of any enemy forty miles north of Crown-Point. from the information of the inhabitants, who daily resort to Ticondcroga, and other circumstances, there is reason to
enemy have
approaching our fortifications; one of which boats came so near as to be within reach of our cannon, when she was so warmly fired upon from one of
;
our redoubts, that she was obliged to quit her station, with the loss of one man killed and several wounded. In the
evening after they landed they retired out of our sight, and by a gentleman from Albany, who came to town on Saturday last, we are told that the whole Army under General Burgoyne have left the above place, as well as Crown-Point ; but what route they have taken is not known.
Stockden and Clymer. In my last General Gates presses me much for money. I mentioned to what our chest was reduced, half of which is ordered to Ticonderoga and the other half will be exto Messrs.
_
pended in a very few days. I am, sir, with every sentiment of respect, your most obedient, humble servant, p ,,
rH
To
the Honourable
-
M.
sc
.. Me MONSIEUR: AT
Albany, November
SIR
meme
11, 177C.
On
avant de
cut semble qu'elle
qu'il
rendre.
les affectoit
plus
en Canada, moi tenant sa place tant qu'il seroit absent, instructions qu(f nous po jrtons ] u donnerj en viendra peut-etre a nous les amener promtement: par attendant vous devez croire, par le zele que vous m'avez connu )0 ur la cause commune, que je ne m'epargnerai pas
^ ^j ^
j
j
sur
j
e conseil, d'apres les connoissances que
;
i
i
;
le peu que Ton m'en a dit depuis que je suis ici, sur laquelfe je savois des Londres qu'on comptoit pour ne et qui je le crois a pas dire qu'on en etoit desya certain, decide le projet d'attaque il vous est necessaire plus que
quee, par
:
conduire a la Fabius, poussant pense, de vous touiours vos vivres derriere vous, et devastant le pays que vous abandonne; par ce moyen vous etes certains de consommer votre ennemi, qui ne pouvant se raffraichir ni se recruter dans votre pais, se reduira dans le cours de 1'hiver
i
transport their provi-
PH. SCHUYLER.
am ais, je
le
a un nombre bien peu respectable
Honourable President of Convention of New-York.
-I
11, 1776.
from Mount Independence of a late date, we are informed that on the '28th of October a large body of the
who
soon after landed, to the number of about four thousand, on Three-
FIFTH SERIES
VOL.
III.
lake,
armee,
I
i
-
_:
I
depense
celle-ci.
letters
coming down the
vous savez mieux
et
;
est impossible a I'Angleterre de fpurnir une qu'il que moi, 1 i._ i ...... i-)Ar\mi-> aussi Q\ 1101*1)1 1(111 1(3 fllld a une que
seconde
boats
des lieux
en face a ne pouvoir plus agir offensivement et comme il vous reste bien peu de terns pour voir finir la campagne, je cro ro s que vous n'avez rien de mieux a faire avec cet ennemi, que de le resserer le plus que vous le pourrez, mais de n'engager avec lui aucune affaire generale qui, perdue, diviseroit toute votre armee sans esperance de la pouvoir rassembler a terns, a fui de prevenir la desunion, que je dans la colonie actuelement attan'apper^ois desza que trop
very respectfully, your most obedient, humble
in
j'ai
sur l es quels il me semble que vous devez diriger toutes vos vueS) aussitost que vous aurez reduit 1'ennemi que vous avez
at hand should the enemy attempt a winter expedition, which it is probable they may do, as they can procure a
enemy appeared
que leur propres
fils
garrison of twenty-five hundred at Ticonderoga, four hundred at Fort George, one hundred at Skenesborough, one hundred at Fort Ann, four hundred at Fort Edward, one thousand at Saratoga, about four hundred in this place, five hundred at Schenectady, two hundred at Johns-Town, two hundred at Fort Dayton, and four hundred at Fort Schuyler. This disposition of the Army, I hope will meet the approbation of Convention. My reason for keeping them in this quarter is that they will be
By
deux mois,
mon embarque-
;
the same, leaving a
November
pris
mais c'est ce dont nous nous entretiendrons plus au long, pendant mon sejour a Philadelphie. Je ne vous cache pas, Monsieur, que je desirerois beaucoup le reste de ma famille avec vous a present, je serois dans le cas d'agir beaucoup plus ouvertement, que je ne le e et ma pourrai jusqu'a ce que j'aie tire Mad . de Lotbiniere et fille du pour y parvenir plus pais ou elles sont au moment promtement, mon idee seroit de faire passer de suite mon
Lake Champlain, forty miles beyond Crown-Point. Measures are taken to know with certainty if they are retired into winter-quarters; and if the intelligence we expect confirms our belief that they are, we shall then immediately do
Hartford,
plus de
Malo, d'ou j'ai
affaires;
seen on
sir,
porter a St.
m'y
et Versailles
des Affaires Etrangeres, ainsi qu'avec d'autres personnages importans en France, que nvont paru prendre constamment le plus vif interet a la reussite de votre cause. Je puis meme vous assurer que la chose alloit au point,
&ic., &tc.
>
a Paris
istre
We
am,
me
je pourrai
ment pour St. Pierre de Miquelon. J'ai eu pendant ce M. de Vergennes, Minsejour nombre de conferences avec
have reason to believe that the enemy will give SIR: us no farther trouble, until another campaign takes place, as on Tuesday, the 4th instant, not the sign of any was to be
I
de vous
J'ai sejourne
Albany, November nth, 1776.
semnt
soil
il
le terns oil
pour
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
to
ou
prierois
PH. ScHUYLEH.
Canada
Phtla-
encore dans vos provinces, autrement je vous la reserver jusqu'a ce que j'aie 1'honneur de vous voir; et dans le cas oil il fut encore avec vous, j'espere que vous aurez la bonte de le faire venir a Philadelphie fois
Excellency. Congress has referred to me, for approbation or disapprobation, the proceedings of the Court Martial on Colonel General Gates informs me that they are sent Campbell. Will you be pleased to order them to to your Excellency. be transmitted to me? I am, dear sir, very affectionately, and with perfect esteem, your Excellency's most obedient, humble servant,
su fficiency of carriage in sions and baggage.
a.
Je vous aurai, parcourant la lettre cy-jointe pour mon fils. monsieur, la plus grande obligation de vouloir bien la lui faire remettre le plutost possible, dans la supposition toute-
;
His Excellency General Washington,
de pouvoir parvenir jusqu'a vous sous pen
delphie, sans avoir a courir les risques que j'ai couru depuis mon depart de St. Pierre, ainsi que vous le pourrez voir en
Tuesday, the 4th instant, no sign of the enemy was seen forty miles north of Crown-Point. General Gates has sent a flag, with Lieutenant Evans, by the return of which, he will know if the enemy are really gone if so we shall do the like. I am in into winter-quarters hopes that in three weeks, at farthest, we shall have barracks I prosufficient for what troops may remain in the service. hundred at Ticonderoga and Mount Indetwenty-five pose pendence, one hundred at Skenesborough, one hundred at Fort Ann, four hundred at Fort George, one thousand at Saratoga, five hundred in this place, five hundred in Schenectady, about one hundred at Johns-Town, one hundred at Fort Dayton, and four hundred at Fort Schuyler. I hope this disposition of the troops will be agreeable to your :
LOTBINIERE TO DR. FRANKLIN.
Chatain, au Cap Cod, 11 Novembre, 1776. c ui j t, voici enfin au comble de mes souhait, puisque depuis deux jours je suis sur votre continent, et a
Join Hancock.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
DEAR
642
to prevent their shipping from
winter-quarters.
mine
1776.
Mile Point, in full view of Mount Independence ; soon after which two or three boats carne down from the main body, to reconnoitre and View the boom which our people have fixed across the lake from the old French lines to the eastern shore
in good earnest retired into General Gates has sent a flag, with Lieutenant Evans, to Canada, by the return of which he will probably learn what is become of the enemy and I have desired him, as soon as he has full information that they are gone into winter-quarters, to send our Army to theirs. This distribution I have made, Congress will see in a letter of
believe that the
NOVEMBER,
Sic.,
41
J'aurois bien souhaitte, monsieur, etre mum, avant mon d'ordres assez precis pour voler le plusdepart de Boston, tost possible
et
avec deux domestiques que jusqu'a vous,
mes equipages.
j'ai
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
643
J'ai 1'honneur d'etre,
avec 1'attachement
le
plus particu-
votre tres lier, et la plus grande consideration, monsieur, humble et tres obeissant serviteur,
LOTBINIERE.
To
the
Hon. Benjamin Franklin, Esq.,
Sic.,
kc., &.C., at
Philadelphia. P. S. De la Baye de Boston, pret a arriver a cette ville ce Mardi, 7 heures du soir, 19 Novembre, 1776. certaines pour N'ayant pu trouver ni poste ni occasions du Lundi au nioi Boston a Hamvic/i, ou sejourne malgre j'ai
Samedi de la derniere semaine, non plus qu'a Plymouth, ou un vent force de nord ouest nous a retenu jusqu'a ce maa porter moi-meme la presente lettre nous arrivons ce soir a Boston, comme je autrement ce la ferai passer de suite a la poste I'espere, je sera demain des le matin, et on m'assure qu'il sera encore Je ne sai combien j'aurai, monsieur, de terns a 9 heures. attendre votre reponse; je prevois n'etre en etat de a jours tin,
etc reduit
j'ai
Si
jusqu'ici.
;
Boston que lorsque je la recevrai, car la goellette qui m'a apporte de St. Pierre a Chatain en est a peine partie, et ma chaise n'en poura sortir que dans 6 ou sept jours laisser
sera le terns on
vraisemblablement cette goelette y arrivera, devant passer a Well-Fleet (au Cap oil elle doit rester 3 ou quatre jours: ainsi je crois ne
pour
le
qui
plustost,
Cod)
vous annon^ant que je ne
rien liazarder,
eu de vos nouvelles. qu'apres avoir
combien je vous
suis
laisserai cette ville
Vous
savez, monsieur, attache et a quel point je vous con-
C. L.
sidere.
du terns que je resterai a Boston pour voir profiterai la suite des ouvrages, tant a la ville et au dehors, que dans la baye, s'il m'est possible de parcourir le tout, et s'il rn'est Je vous en dirai mon sentiment, lorspermis de le faire. de vous voir. 1'honneur que j'aurai
Je
Boston, 20 Novembre, 1776.
J'apprend a. 1'instant que Monsieur Franklin est parti J'aurai une obligation infini a pour se rendre en France. Monsieur le President du Congres, a qui j'ai 1'honneur de mon respect, de faire usage de cette lettre comme presenter si elle lui etoit addressee, et de vouloir bien suppleer au defaut de M. Franklin pourtant ce qu'elle contient. J'espere voudra bien m'honorer d'un mot de response. qu'il
J'ai 1'honneur d'etre son tres
humble
serviteur,
j
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
And as you have to act only on the defensive. time to continue this campaign, I think your best in as
am
Pierre, which you may see by perusing my letter to my son. I shall be greatly obliged to you, sir, to deliver it to him as soon as possible, if he is yet in your Province, otherwise I and will keep it until I have the honour to see you
beg you he send if
at
is
for
my
;
your Province, I beg you will be so kind as to him and keep him with you, that I may find him
yet
in
arrival.
Paris and Versailles above two months Malo, where I embarked for St. Pierre and Miguelon. During my residence at Court, I have had several conferences with Mr. De Vergennes, Minister of I
have resided
before
I
went
at
to St.
Foreign Affairs, as well as with many other important persons in France, who have appeared to me greatly concerned I can even assure you that in the success of your cause. about it than of their own they appeared more concerned We will talk further on this head when I reach affairs. Philadelphia. I do not conceal from you, sir, that I really wish the rest of my family were now with you; in that case 1 would act more openly than I shall be able to do until I can get Mrs. De Lotbiniere and my daughter from the country they are
And
succeed as soon as possible in this, my idea would be to send rny son immediately to Canada; and I would fill his place during his absence and on the instructions we might give him, he might succeed in bringing them with him. In the mean time 1 shall not be sparing of
now
in.
in order to
;
my advices, as you know rny zeal for the common cause, and the knowledge I have of the places where your views ought to be directed, as soon as you can oblige your enemy
is
to
as
not to say that they they depended on so much in London, had a certainty of it, and on which I believe they formed It is this I think necessary more than their plan of attack. ever to act like Fabius, keeping your provisions behind, and those means you destroying the country you abandon ; by may be sure of destroying your enemy, who, not being able to refresh themselves nor recruit in your country, will be
reduced
in
the course of the winter to a small number; and
you know
for another I, that England cannot of the as that exorbitant an such expense year support
better than
last.
I could wish, sir, to be furnished, before I leave Boston, with precise orders to go to you with the greatest diligence, with two servants and my baggage. I have the honour to be, with the most particular attach-
ment, and the greatest consideration, yours,
&.C.,
LOTBINIERE. P. S. At the Bay of Boston, November 19th. Not finding at Harwich either post or opportunity for Boston, nor at Plymouth, I have been obliged to bring this letter myself. I do not know how long I shall be obliged to wait for your answer, but I think I shall not be able to leave Boston before I receive it, for the schooner in which I came from St. Pierre to Chatham is hardly sailed from thence, and my not be here before six or seven days, therepost-chaise will can certainly inform you that I shall not leave this your answer. I shall during my stay at Boston view the works of the city and the bay, if 1 am permitted, and will tell you my opinion of them.
fore
I
until I receive
On
the back of the packet
is
wrote:
This instant I am inI beg the formed that Mr. Franklin is sailed for France. President of the Congress would make use of this letter, as if directed to him, and supply the place of Dr. Franklin in I hope he will honour me with an regard to its contents. Boston, November 20th, 1776.
answer. I have the honour to be, Sic.
M.
at last arrived at the
little
perceive
LOTBINIERE TO HIS SON.
Chatham, au Cap Codd,
llih, 1776.
completion of my desires, on your Continent, and on my being since two days arrived way io join you at Philadelphia soon, without the many dangers I have been exposed to since my departure from St.
SIR: I
much
now way
you can, and avoid any general action, which, if lost, would divide your Arrny without hopes of gathering them in time to prevent the disunion which I but too great in the Colony attacked, and which
them
close
[TRANSLATION.] Chatham, Cape Cod, November
644
1776.
Me
mon cher
le
10
Novembre, 1776.
meme
de vous voir sons les risques les plus evidens de ne pen, non sans avoir couru vous jamais revoir, il y a dix jours, puisque nous avons de nord ouest sur la barre pense perir d'un tres gros vent de 1'est nord est de I'Isle de Sable, a plus de 3 lieues et voici enfin,
fils,
a
au large de la pointe de cette isle, et hier ayant echappe comme miraculeusement a un vaisseau de guerre qui nous donnoit chasse vers le soleil couchant, qui a passe a 7 heures J tout au plus a J de mille de nous sans nous voir, en tier et gros comme une quoique nous 1'appenjussions tout de voile converte n'ayant pu double le Cap montagne,
Codd pour nous rendre a Well-Fleet
qui n'en est qu'a
8
a Boston dans la goelette qui m'a porte de St. Pierre de Miquelon, nous avons relache ici pour nous mettre a Pabri du vent du nord, force 'qu'il fait; et ne voulant plus courir les risques, au moment de rejoindre la de ma famille, de m'en voir eloigne partie la plus precieuse entier si j'etois pris, ou au moins de de 1'ocean peut-etre un objet assez considerable, perdre mes equipages qui sont s'il nous falloit jetter encore, je prends mon parti de me rendre d'ici par terre a Boston, avec mes malles, porte-
lieues, et dela
manteaux, &c., et mes deux domestiques il n'y aura pas moyen que ma chaise de poste, qu'on ne peut degager de la calle qu'apres que la cargaison en sera tire, quicourra ;
le
et si elle peut echapper, aussitost que la goelette ; aura joint Boston, je la ferai descendre et me mettrai en route pour Neiv-York et Philadelphie des le lendemain. Je ne vous cache pas mon fils que je serai assez flatte de voir Boston, tous les ouvrages qui y ont etc faits de part et d'autres pendant que les Royalistes y 6toient, et ce que 1'on y a fait depuis pour la mettre a 1'abri de toute insulte
les risques
que la baye depuis la tour qui est pour guider parson feu les vaisseaux qui s'y presentent. ainsi
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
645 Vous avez du
il y a pres d'un mois et J, par de Nanlouket qui partoit de St. Pierre, lettre de moi qui vous annon George Reed, Esq., Major. )
Enoch Poor,
Esq., Colonel.
Captains
assure'ment bien au depens des miens, que j'ai toujours et malheureusement sans succes jusqu'ici j'espere cependant fait,
First.
1
Nathan Hale, Esq., Lieutenant- Colonel, v Windborn Adams, Esq., Major, )
uniques interets, ce
vrais et
NOVEMBER,
for you and the rest of my family, which I had entrusted to your care, and which you have abandoned to their hard fate, without knowing what might become of them in your
services les plus essentiels et les plus grands, si ceux qui Phabitent veulent enfin m'ecouter, leur faisant envisager
dans ce dernier moment leurs
Sic.,
Second.
:
Benjamin Titcomb, James Norris, Fred. Mordent Bell.
:
cette fois, parceque j'aurai a leur dire de particulier, qu'ils renoncer a un zele aussi peu raissonne que celui
pourront ont montre jusqu'ici ceci je vous prie mon fils pour qu'ils vous seul ou vous etes, et qu'aucun de vos amis n'en ait pas
Colonel POOR'S Battalion
:
:
James Carr, Elijah Cloyce, (First Lieutenant,)
plus petit soup^on, jusqu'a ce que nous ayons degage et mis en surete toute la famille, et c'est ce que je desire que vous fassiez le plustost que vous le pourrez apres m'avoir Mille complimens a vos camarades qui seroient a votre vu. portee, et me croyez, comme certainement vous n'en sauriez douter, votre bon pere, et le meilleur de vos amis, le
John Drew, Samuel Blodgett, (Second Lieutenant.) Benjamin Giles for the Committee. Captains : ( Colonel STARK'S Battalion :)
Amos
LOTBINIEKE. Je
n'ai
pas le terns de
relire
ma
lettre,
ne
sais trop quelle
suite elle a, mais vous savez que je suis ici, que je bien, et c'est je le crois de quoi vous contenter.
A
Monsieur, Monsieur Lotbiniere
fils,
&.C.,
me
porte
&c., &c.
[TRANSLATION.] I
am,
my
Chatham, Cape Cod, November 10th, 1776. dear son, in hopes of seeing you soon, not with-
out having been exposed to imminent dangers, &c. [To the 24th line no consequence.] You must have received a let-
from me about a month and a half ago, by a Nantucktt schooner, which sailed from St. Pierre, which informed you of my near approach to this Continent. I told you to inform ter
your mother and the rest of my family of my arrival at St. 'Pierre, the 5th of September last, and of my resolution of coining to this Continent as soon as possible, to relieve you And if from your captivity, even in giving myself for you. this offer from me to the Congress is admitted of, you will If you had not languish long in recovering your liberty. believed me, and followed the advice I gave you last year in two or three letters, you would have been convinced of what
has happened. estate,
and have restrained those
sallies
yourself
many
S ORDERS FROM THE COMMITTEE TO TICONDEROGA, llTH NOVEMBER, 1776.
CAPTAIN ABBOT
To Captain JOSHUA ABBOT: You are hereby empowered immediately
to inlist a
com-
pany, to consist of eighty-six able-bodied effective men, including non-commissioned officers and privates, as soldiers in the service
and
for the
defence of the United States, upon
the establishment fixed by the honourable Congress, with such additional encouragement given by the State of New-
Hampshire
:
To
continue
in that service
till
the end of the
present war, unless sooner discharged by Congress; and that you cause said men when so inlisted to pass muster as soon as may be, the non-commissioned officers to be ap-
and subalterns of each pointed by the Captain, to
make
return.
company JONATHAN BLANCHARD, STEP'N EVANS, D. GlLMAN,
Committee from the Stale of New-Hampshire.
You would have remained
quiet on your of honour and the
desire of distinguishing yourself in a military way, reserving You would have spared for a fitter opportunity.
yourself
Morrell,
Joseph Wait, Ebenezer Frye, First Lieutenant, Isaac Farwell, Second Lieutenant.
pains and losses, and
me
a mortal uneasiness
The General Assembly of the State of New-Hampshire having appointed the subscribers a committee to repair to Ticonderoga, to officer and raise two battalions for the Continental service, and by their resolve have empowered
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
647
committee to promise and engage the same encourageto the non-commissioned officers and soldiers, in addi-
said
ment
tion to the
encouragement given by the Continental ConMassachusetts-Bay do give, which is
gress, as the State of as follows:
That each non-commissioned
officer
and
soldier
who
I shall
month, to be paid him or his order every six months during his continuance in the service, in addition to the pay and encouragement already granted by Congress, provided Congress shall not make any addition to their wages on or before the 19th of September last and in case the Congress shall make an increase of wages less than ;
NOVEMBER,
1776.
648
esteem myself happy if I can give you proofs of your confidence. If you do me the
zeal, and merit honour to write to
my
me
send
I
dith,
this letter
to the
owner of a
who
Captain Mathys Hanssen,
Sir
Fair Juto-morrow for St. Van Bibber, from
vessel, the
sails
arrival.
To
the Secret Committee, &ic.
WILLIE JONES TO COLONEL WALKER. Halifax, N. C.,
D'n OILMAN, New- Hampshire.
To
Eustatia, enclosed in a box, to Mr. whom he has promised to furnish me with a receipt at his
DEAR
Committee from
is,
(jRAND.
twenty shillings per month, this State will supply the defithem as aforesaid. ciency, and cause the same to be paid
JONA. BLANCHARD, STEPH'N EVANS,
address
my
particularly,
George Grand, under cover to my house. I am, with most profound respect, gentlemen, your most humble and most obedient servant,
shall inlist into the Continental service as aforesaid, shall be entitled to receive from the treasury of this State twenty shillings per
&c.,
November
12th, 1776.
send you herewith some papers from Mr. It appears from them Galphin, relative to Indian affairs. that he has had much difficulty to keep the Creeks quiet hitherto and it still remains a doubt whether his labours will not prove fruitless at last. Should the Virginians meet with success against the Overkill Cherokees, it may possibly have a proper effect on the Creeks. Mr. Galphin seems to think it necessary to hold another Congress with these last in the spring. This might answer very well if a supply of goods, sufficient for presents, could be obtained. You will be pleased to forward Mr. 's
SIR:
I
;
The following are
extracts
from
the Resolves
of the Conti-
nental Congress.
That Congress make
provision for granting Lands to the shall engage in service, and continue therein to the close of the war, or until discharged by Officers
and Soldiers who
Congress, and the representatives of such Soldiers as shall be slain by the enemy, viz
Officers
and
Galphin
:
That twenty Dollars be given as a bounty to each NonCommissioned Officer and Private Soldier who shall inlist to serve during the present war, unless sooner discharged by To each Non-Commissioned Officer and Soldier Congress.
one hundred acres.
That a suit of Clothes be annually given to each NonCommissioned Officer and. Private Soldier, to consist for the present year of two linen hunting-shirts, two pair of overalls, a leathern or woolen waistcoat with sleeves, one pair of breeches, a hat, a leathern cap, two shirts, two pair of stockamounting in the whole to the ings, and two pair of shoes amount of twenty Dollars, or that to be paid to each Soldier
letter to
Congress, that they
shall procure those articles for himself.
M. F.
I shall resign as Commissioner for Indian affairs, as I have recollected a man who lives two hundred miles
nearer to the seat of business than I do,
ENCE. Amsterdam, 12th November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: I have been ordered by Mr. William Carmichael, who is gone from hence to Hamburgh, to direct a to Mr. Van Bibber, at St. Eustatia, packet of letters for you have the honour of writing to you by the same opto send you the King's speech to his Parliament, portunity, which arrived by the post to-day, but which had been for-
and
to
warded by express. Notwithstanding the progress of the King's Army, and the conquest of New-York, the English funds are low. You may judge of them by the course, herewith sent, of the There are only venders, and not one pur8th and llth. chaser; from
whence
it is
that there has been
for three days, which is a thing critical like the present.
no transfers
without example
in
a season
It has been remarked, that the agents who have sold out most from the funds, or taken the lead for the fall, are those
who
act for persons in
ward
in
place in England, what in the Cabinets. with passes acquainted The sudden and forced armaments which
of a
fleet
of observation,
is
who
are best
going forregarded here is
England some important discovery; and all sensible the, independence of America is an interesting for the House of Bourbon.
as a proof of men see that
stroke
promised Mr. Carmichael to give you all the intelligence which I should think to be deserving of attention, and I suppose I shall not neglect any opportunity of doing it. he gives you accounts of the ideas with which I have furnished him, and at the same time of my earnestness, and that of my house, under the firm of Monneca, Fizeaux 8f Co., I
to serve
you
in
every case where you shall honour us with
your orders. I speak and understand English ; but I do not write it well enough to venture to correspond with you in that language, and I am persuaded you will comprehend me better in French.
who
is
very well
qualified for that purpose. I
am, dear
sir,
your most obedient and very humble ser-
vant,
To
WILLIE JONES.
Colonel Walker.
GEORGE GALPHIN TO WILLIE JONES. Silver-Bluff, October 26, 1776.
DEAR
GRAND TO THE COMMITTEE OF SECRET CORRESPOND-
see his sentiments on the
subject. I believe
;
who
may
SIR:
take this opportunity by Captan Alston to how our affairs stand here with the Indians. acquaint you I never had an opportunity to write you since you left Augusta till now. I have been obliged to go four times to
Ogeechy durst not
I
since the Congress, to meet Indians there, for they the settlements. I am just returned
come through
from there. The villains that run off from Georgia tell the Indians so many lies, and our enemies at Pensacola, it distracts them. They were, it is said, very near raising an army to go and cut off the Creeks. They sent down to me
know if it was true. I told the fellows it was all a lie, and they must pay no regard to what our enemies told them, and keep to the talk they had at Augusta. The people upon the ceded land have killed another Creek since you went away, and say they will kill them wherever they meet them. Enclosed is a petition and a letter of Doctor Wills. He got all the people in the ceded land of no property to sign If he could get it, but it was taken no notice of. people the time of the Congress, I was to have him enough joined told by a man that was in the plot to have seized all the ammunition, and to have fell upon the Indians and killed them, and declared war with them. As I could get no white man that would venture himself to
Creeks with a talk, I keep three or four Indians at over Ogechy, to go up with talks, but I was told some of the people upon the ceded land said they would come down and kill them, for they wanted war. I was obliged to send them home, so you must think I have a hard task to keep the Creeks our friends, when both our enemies and the people that should be our friends want us to be at war with them. Our enemies have plenty of ammunition
up
to the
my cowpen
else to give them, and we have nothing to give them. They have every temptation to break svith us, and yet I think I could keep them peaceable, if it was not for
and every thing
I think I have settled the the people upon the ceded land. killing this last Indian with them, but if they kill any more I
do not know how
not to
come over
The
first
to settle
the
it,
Ockones
talk Stuart sent
but
till
up
I
have sent them word
times
for the
is
better.
Creeks to go
down
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
649
to Pensacola, they would not go, for they said he and his beloved men told them nothing but lies, for they brought horse-loads of ammunition in to the Creeks, which they fifty said was to be given to them, and they sent it off to the
But he sent again and got the trader in his inand gave some of the headmen presents before they went down. So 1 suppose there will four or five hundred I have sent a fellow there, that is to go, men and women. come down as soon as he returns, to acquaint me with all In about that passes there; got down by this time, I suppose. Their temptations three weeks they will be returned home. is so great from that quarter few white men would stand out so well as they do, for the Commissary and Brown gives Cherokees.
terest
for it. every fellow ammunition that asks When the Cherokees broke out with us I knew they would send to the Creeks to join them. I went out to a fellow with a talk to the headmen Ogechy, and sent off I sent a them. not to long talk, too tedious to mention;
join
but
had the desired
it
men
effect, for there
had one of the head-
of the Cherokees got into the Creeks some days before
messenger, and had prevailed upon a hundred and odd of the young fellows to go with him. They were got a the town, when the fellow I sent up as day's march from soon as he delivered the talk I sent by him to the headmen,
my
they sent runners after them and called them all back again. Just as I got home Captain Williamson, that commanded our army in the Cherokees, wrote me of the Cherokees
sending to the Creeks for assistance, and to send off to the Creeks if possible to stop them but had done that before He has done every thing in his power in I received his. He has destroyed all their com, and burned the Cherokees. ;
their towns, and marched to the Middle Settlements, where he met the North- Carolina army. Between them tbey If the Virginia army destroyed all the Middle Settlements. done has their part as well, the Chethe Overkills against
rokees has paid dear for their breaking out with us. When Colonel Williamson went to the Middle Settlements he sent word to the Georgians to go and destroy a
&tc.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
650
Please to forward what intelligence
Mr. Walker, and remember glad to see you both here
in
I
have sent you to
me
kindly to him. I should be the spring; hut we should have
our congress at Ogcchey. I would be gald to hear from you both if any opportunity offered. I am, dear sir, your most obedient and humble servant, GEORGE GAL.PHIN.
This letter imports that the villains who run away from Georgia endeavour to persuade the Creek Indians that the white people are preparing to make war upon them that the enemy at the Floridas and British King's emmissaries are endeavouring to stir them up against us that the people who are settled upon the ceded lands in Georgia are desirous of a war with the Creeks, and have killed some Indians, and threaten to kill them wherever they meet them that this makes it dangerous for the Creeks to come through the settlements, which occasions a difficulty of communication. ;
;
;
The
the desire the people on the an Indian war, that they expect the neighbouring inhabitants would remove in haste and confusion and leave much of their effects behind them, which would fall into the hands of the ceded land settlers. It also imports that the Indians have great temptations to commence hostilities against us, because the enemy give them every That they neverthething, while we have nothing to give. less remain peaceable, and not only refused aid to the Cherwriter gives as a reason
ceded land have
for
them if they persisted in assisting the That the writer is of opinion a congress
okees, but threatened against us.
enemy
of Indian commissioners and Indian chiefs should be held in April or May, in order to prevent an Indian war. That the numbers are fifteen thousand men, and that the writer has It also imports that great difficulty in keeping them quiet. the Congress at Savannah had recommended to bring some
Indian chiefs to Congress; but that do it in the winter season.
it
was impracticable
to
About Chate, that was in Georgia. I had intime it. About same the eighty gunmen off from the Creeks with fifty telligence of Brown setting
The Information of GEORGE BARNES and JOHN LAMBETH,
Mc-
one Killeresh came up to the Creeks, and was an army coming up to cut off their nation and Pensacola; and William Oats came up shortly after, and confirmed it, and told them that the white people had wounded an Indian and took him into one of their forts and hanged him up and cut him to pieces that some of the principal men of the Cussitaws was going down to Savannah, and when Oats got as far as the Buzzard-Roost, he told the Indians the army would be up shrtly after him, by
town, called
little
upon oath.
lived in
horse-loads of ammunition for the Cherokees.
Rae to send an express men to intercept it
I wrote
Captain Marberry, to get a party had but ; just about that time they killed the Creek fellow, and Marberry could not get one of these people to go with him that wants to declare war I may say Chickasaws and Choctaws, against the Creeks that is fifteen thousand men, for they have all made peace. Nor would not go to destroy that little town Chite. Captain Williamson upon his return from the Middle Settlements to
of
was obliged to go and destroy it himself. These people that want a Creek war so much now, when the people would run away they would get a great deal of plunder, and afterwards they would run off as they always do at every little alarm in the summer. Brown and two more white men got about two hundred of the disaffected Indians in the Upper When they towns to come with them against the frontiers.
Lower towns, th^y thought to get more there to but the Lower towns' people told them they join could not think of going against their friends that had given them such good talk the other day, and desired they might came
to the
them
;
home again. The young warriors and some others of the headmen told them if they did not, as soon as they raised white people down here, they would go to Pensacola
return
white people there, and give them war upon every And they turned them all back again. If we can but keep them peaceable till the spring, and the gentlemen of the Continental Congress enable us to hold another conwith them in May or April next, I hope we should be
and
raise
quarter.
gress are now able to frustrate the designs of our enemies. like a parcel of carpenters set to work to build a house just without one single tool. I received a letter the other day from the gentlemen of
We
Congress in Savannah, informing me it was the desire of the McRae or gentlemen of the Continental Congress for either me to carry some of the principal men of the Creeks to to carry any at this Philadelphia ; but it is not possible time of the year; but in case we could hold a congress with them in the spring we might carry some of them, and would be better then they are at perhaps our offers there
present.
Ogechey, October
21st.
They say that told them there
;
upon hearing this, sent Halfto go down. breed Tom Gray was at the Cussitaws, and it was told Brown, he brought up a talk from Savannah. Brown set When off with a party of men to take him or kill him. the full-moon, to cut
them
off; they,
headmen not
off to the Cussitaws, to the
they
came
to the
Cussitaws with their army, the Indians
them they did not understand their coming there in arms; they would not deliver Gray. He got off in the night, and is gone down. Brown, when they came away, could not walk he had either a boil or an imposthume. It was as big so it will be some time before he can leave as a man's fist the nation, and we do not believe any of the Lower towns Indians will go with him, except some of the Point people. told
;
;
No off.
the
man can leave the Indian country except he runs Brown has sent a white man called Savana Jack to but we Upper towns, to see if the Indians will come, white
there will but few come, except some of the Savannahs. There is a great many of the Indians gone to Pensacola to get presents and all the traders that is gone down there with their skins is to have twenty-five pounds horse back to the nation, to be loaded with sterling for every Indians that stay at home. Bailey, a trader presents for the returned from that lived at Augusta, said, as soon as he Pensacola he would come down upon the frontiers and carry with him. off negroes and horses, and bring down Indians WhenTo/e and Brown was setting the Indians on to come the handto war against the white people in Georgia,
believe
;
Oakfuskays said, if the Indians came would go to here to spill white blood, he and his warriors Pensacola and kill white people, and be at war with all the Some made answer that Tale was a beloved white people.
some
fellow of the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
651 He
man.
said
who made him
ing but a wood-chopper
a beloved
meaning
lie
man
?
He
is
noth-
was a carpenter.
Information of JOSEPH IRONMONGER, upon oath. Ogechey, October 21st, 1776.
eleven days since he left the Lower Creeks, where he see Captain Brown, with about eighteen or twenty men that was with him and ahead of him, and that he heard Brown and some of his men say, that there was some of the
This
is
coining down to path, below the Lower Creeks.
Upper Creeks
Lower towns to go with him, but this deponent says he came off to alarm the settlements, so he does not know whether any of the Lower Creeks went off or not. Brown him and catched him he got away and laid two days
sent after
in here.
got
He
heard
at Flint river, but that night in a swamp, and in six days
Brown and some
;
towns, and that it was talked in the nation, that there was a petition going about among the white people to sign, to declare war against the Creeks, and to cut them all off; and
he met an Indian fellow and all his family, with and hogs, at the Oakmulgays, going to the nation.
his cattle
He
lived
He left his potatoes undone, He asked the Indian what made him leave his place. He told him he had throwed Brown was to meet the Army the latter end of it away. He says he heard one of the traders say that next month. several years at the Oakonies. his corn in the corn-house.
and
Mr. Stuart had sent up a talk to the Creeks to stay at home, and take care of their wives and children, for the white peoHe these parts was coming to war against them. ple from them three white men that came from the heard he says Cherokees say that they took two white men prisoners the day of the battle; one of them they delivered up to the Indians, and they put him to death, and the other got away He heard in the Creeks, that General Lee and from them. his Army was gone back to the northward, and that the King's troops had taken two places to the northward, and He says he heard that he was sent for in a great hurry. Brown say that the Army would be about two thousand or twenty-five hundred men that was to fall upon the frontiers of Georgia, and that Brown offered him two pounds sterling He says he came in company per month to go with him. with Brown from the Upper towns, and there was no Indians with him, and that he brought ten horse-loads of ammunition, which was part of the ammunition he was carrying to the Cherokees.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GOVERNOUR HENRY. Philadelphia,
November
12, 1776.
The
Secret Committee of Congress having chartered and loaded in the State of Virginia the Aurora, on account of the Continent, and the voyage on which she is
SIR
v
Government
be pleased,
in
measures
:
bound being a most important one, I have it in charge from Congress to request you will give all the assistance in your power to expedite her sailing, by issuing such orders as you shall judge proper for manning and despatching her with the greatest expedition. I have the honour to be, with the utmost esteem, most obedient and very humble servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
sir,
your
inter-
end as you
shall
judge most your
sir,
President.
PETITION OF JAMES McCONNAUGHY TO CONGRESS.
To
Congress 12th November, 177G: Referred War.]
in
[Read
the honourable the Continental Congress
to the
Board of
of the UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA:
The humble
Petition
of JAMES MCCONNAUGHY, most humbly showeth
:
That your
petitioner purchased from Captain William Keith a servant man named John Scollay, who had three years and six months to serve, but found means afterwards
make
to
his escape,
much
Your your petitioner's loss. much confidence in him, (he and made himself tolerable well acto
petitioner having reposed too
an
is
artful
fellow,
quainted with the country, and a dangerous person to our present cause,) he inlisted in the Twenty-Sixth Regiment in New-Jersey, was taken prisoner at St. John's, in Canada, and is now confined as a prisoner of war in the barracks at Lancaster. Your petitioner has been at a considerable already expense and loss of time in defence
of Regulars, then
of American liberty. Therefore humbly prays your Honours will be pleased to grant him an order to obtain his
And your
servant again.
petitioner, as in duty
JAS.
bound,
will
McCONNAUGHY.
COLONEL THORNTON TO MESHECH WEARE. Philadelphia,
HONOURED SIR: The 3d
instant
we
November
12, 1776.
arrived safe in this
I have city, and the 8th inoculated for the small-pox. attended the Congress every day yet. The ferries over North River were so obstructed by the enemy, we were obliged to cross at a place called Peekskill, where I saw Colonel Tash, who used me exceeding well. This day the Congress was informed by his Excellency
General Washington that the enemy decamped from WhitePlains, and were landing on the Jersey shore and he was taking every precaution to prevent them from penetrating ;
into the country.
a letter from General Gates, dated the 31st of Octoenemy a few days before appeared in order of battle, and on his preparing to receive them, returned to their
By
ber, the
camp. For
better and further information and news, I must refer you to the newspapers, and you won't find more falsehood in them than is Before my arripassing through this city. val the Hon. Colonel BartleU was sent off, and I had not the pleasure to meet him. The Hon. Colonel Whipple is
Please to take the trouble to present my complievery member of the honourable Council and and House, accept the same from him who has the honour to be your most obedient, humble servant, well.
ments
to
MATHF.W THORNTON.
To
the
Hon. Meshech Weare, Esq.
No
N. B.
danger by
this letter.
GENERAL GREENE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. :
to
Your favour of
the 4th and 5th of this instant
came
You may depend upon my
hand.
transmitting to duly Congress every piece of intelligence that comes to hand
12, 1776.
enemies of America
is
worthy their notice. one Justice Mercereau, a gentleman that
fled from informed that there are ten thousand troops embarked for South- Carolina, to be commanded by Lord Dunmore. This intelligence he obtained by a gen-
By
Staten-Island,
SIR: I am directed by Congress to transmit you the enclosed resolve, and to request your attention to it. The dangerous intercourse between our enemies in New-York internal
for this
JOHN HANCOCK,
that
and Staten-Island and the
immediate
His Excellency Governour Livingston.
SIR
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GOVERNOUR LIVINGSTON. November
for the
to
Fort Lee, November 12th, 1776.
President.
His Excellency Governour Henry, Virginia.
Philadelphia,
calls
652
expedient. I have the honour to be, with the utmost esteem, most obedient and very humble servant,
of his people say
they were going to meet an army from Augustine ; and these white men that was with him, was mostly men run away from this Province, and was to pilot the army into He the frontiers of Georgia, and drive all before them. thinks it was at the river St. Mary they were to meet. He heard Brown and three other white men say that was in the battle in the Cherokees, one of the white men said he killed two Liberty men that Brown returned before he got to the Cherokees, as he found the Indians was drove from their
1776.
You will therefore suppress it. with Council and Assembly, your conjunction
position of
meet them on Augustine He expected to get some
of
New- Jersey,
different parts of
to take such
An
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
in
I
am
tleman yesterday from the the city of New-York, a credit
and
truth.
Mercereau
is
man of
a very good friend to the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
653
cause, and a sensible man this account is confirmed.
and he says from several ways Perhaps the numbers are not so Mercereau further informs that a large ;
great as reported. fleet are at the watering-place, on
ready to sail for England. sists of one hundred sail. all
It
Long
is
or Staten- Island,
reported the fleet con-
By several accounts of different people from the city, it appears our prisoners are in a very suffering situation. Humanity requires that something should be done for them. They have only half allowance of bread and water, but this 1
is
suppose
Dobbs's Ferry, where they have
at
lain for
several days past, decamped this morning, at nine o'clock, and took the road towards King's Bridge. They made
an appearance at the ferry as if they intended to cross the I believe they are disappointed in their expectations, river. and at a loss what measures to pursue. have had several skirmishes with the Hessians on
We
York-Island, within a few days;
tween
and
thirty
forty
and wounded, beand one officer. Day
killed
privates
before yesterday our people had an interview with the
Hes-
sians ; they acknowledged they were greatly imposed upon by their Prince, and promised to desert that night, but none came over.
A
considerable part of the troops on the other side are coming over into the Jerseys, and his Excellency General
Washington with them. I expect General Howe will attempt to possess himself of Mount Washington, but very much doubt whether he will succeed in the attempt. Our troops are much fatigued with the amazing duty, but are The Hessians say they are on generally in good spirits. half allowance.
The
Light-Horse are said
be perishing
to
want of provender. have the honour to be your most obedient and very humble servant, for
I
NATHANAEL GREENE.
To
the
Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Con-
tinental Congress, at Philadelphia.
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Camp
at Phillipsburg,
DEAR GENERAL
November ye
12th, nine o'clock, P.
M.
This instant came express from Coloto Dobbs's Ferry,) one nel Tupper, (stationed opposite David Keech. The substance of his intelligence is as :
That the enemy began their march at nine this morning, down the river, with their baggage, artillery, &.C., that the man-of-war and two store-ships had just set &,c. I mean those which came up sail, and were making down follows:
;
The three ships still lie off Tarrytown and SingSing two at the former, one at the latter. Keech says the whole Army have quitted Dobbs's Ferry, and imagines the rear have by this time reached King's Bridge. I am far from being satisfied with the conduct of our
last.
do not think they venture far enough, for they in But I general bring back very lame, imperfect accounts. have projected a plan for breaking in, at least, upon Rogcrs's party, and believe I shall succeed. The sentence on Austin is, that he should be reprimanded but I have ordered a new Court-Martial, with a scouts.
NOVEMBER,
[Chatterton's Hill] beyond our lines, and the comof the Militia regiments there posted which was done. had not been many minutes on the ground, svhen the cannonade began, and the second shot wounded a militia-man hill
mand
;
We
upon which the whole regiment broke and fled immediately, and were not rallied without much difficulty. Soon after General McDoitgall's brigade took post behind us. Some of our officers expressed much apprehension from the fire of our friends so posted. On my application in the thigh,
he ordered us to the right, formed his own left, and ordered Brooks's Massachusetts farther to the right, behind a stone fence.
to the General,
Militia
The
still
I went up to the top of of our troops, accompanied by Major McDonough, to reconnoitre the enemy. I plainly perceived them marching to the White-Plain, in eight columns, and I saw their stop in the wheat-fields a considerable time. General Officers on horseback assemble in council, and soon their whole body face about, and in one continued column, march to the hill opposite to our right. I then applied to General McDougall again to vary his disposition, and ad-
the
troops being thus disposed,
hill, in
front
him to order my regiment farther onward, and replace with Colonel Smallwood's, or order the Colonel forward, for there was no dependence to be placed on the Militia. vised
it
measure was adopted. On my seeing the march to the creek begin in a column of their main enemy's body, and urging the necessity of bringing our field-pieces
The
latter
immediately forward to bear upon them, the General ordered one, and that so poorly appointed, that myself was forced to assist in dragging it along the rear of the regiment. While so employed, a cannon-ball struck the carriage, and scattered the shot about, a wad of tow blazing in the middle. The One alone was prevailed upon to tread artillerymen fled.
out the blaze and collect the shot. The few that returned made not more than two discharges, when they retreated
with the field-piece. At this time the Maryland battalion was warmly engaged, and the enemy ascending the hill. The cannonade from twelve or fifteen pieces, well served,
The Milikept up a continual peal of reiterated thunder. tia regiment behind the fence fled in confusion, without more than a random, scattering fire. Colonel Smallwood in a quarter of an hour afterwards, gave way also. The rest of General McDougaWs brigade never came up to the Part of the first three Delaware compascene of action. nies also retreated in disorder, but pot
wounded and
The
till
after several
were
of the regiment took post behind a fence on the top of the hill with most of the officers, and twice repulsed the Light Troops and Horse of the enemy ; but seeing ourselves deserted on all hands, and the continued column of the enemy advancing, we also retired. Covering the retreat of our party, and forming at the foot of the hill, we marched into camp in the rear of the body killed.
left
sent to reinforce us.
GENERAL COURT-MARTIAL. At a General Court-Martial
held by order of Major-GenLee, for the trial of Major Austin, Philipsburg, November 12, 1776, Colonel Hitchcock, President.
eral
Members
;
Whether they sucusing their efforts to detain the Militia. Hitchcock and Varnum do not ceed, Heaven only knows. recollect the recommendation of General Greene; but I have ordered 'em to give me a list of those whom they think ought to be recommended for it is now too late to refer to Greene, as the Commissioners are expected every hour. I wish to God you were here, as I am, in a manner, a ;
stranger to their respective merits.
When
the
list is
out, 1 shall inform myself, (as well as I can,) if their
mendation
made
recom-
and proceed accordingly. I am, dear General, yours, most sincerely, is
I received his
Excellency's
only unworthy
before the Court, and deprisoner being arraigned of the charge guilty or not guilty
manded whether he was
he pleads, Not guilty. alleged against him, Mrs. Adams being sworn, says, that on the night of the 5th instant, there came a party of men into her house on White-Plains, and immediately set the house on fire. When
COLONEL HASLET TO GENERAL RODNEY. November
Captain Ledyard, Captain Olney, Captain Ball, Captain Bond, Captain Pelton, Major Angel, Captain Jones. Major Brooks, Andrew Peters, Judge Advocate pro tern. Captain The Court proceeded to the trial of Major Austin, who was ordered in arrest by the General, charged with wanton, of helpless women and children, cruel, barbarous treatment the character of an officer, but of a human not
The
Excellency General Washington.
orders to take
:
Colonel Read, Colonel Webb, Lieut. Colonel Nixon, Lieut. Colonel Wesson,
creature.
impartial,
CHARLES LEE. his
654
I
charge of wanton, barbarous conduct, unbecoming not only an officer, but a human creature. General Lincoln and the Massachusetts Committee are
To
1776.
brigade on the
exaggerated.
The enemy
the
&c.,
12, 1776.
possession of
she went out of the house, some of the men began to carry of the house, when she asked them why they things out
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
655 took those
Then Major Austin spake, and
tilings.
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
656
James Linser being sworn, agrees with the two
told her
last
and alleged General That her sister took Major Austin Sullivan's orders for it. by the arm crying, and he said to her, What the devil do you take me by the arm for? Because, said she, you are an Then her mother officer, and can prevent such treatment. told Major Austin she hoped he would not burn her house too; on which he told her there was another house above that she might go into; after which Major Austin told his men to go and set the other houses on fire as quick as they
witnesses.
gone or they would blow her through; that the party would not suffer her to dress her children, but drove them out of doors naked; that she asked Major Austin why he could not save her house, and burn the others; he replied, Because are all damned Tories, and there was a damned Tory
The Court having considered the case of the prisoner, Major Austin, are of opinion that he is guilty of a breach of
he should carry them
to the General's,
Captain Keith being sworn, says he was present with Major Austin through the whole of the time the houses were burning on the night of the 5th instant, and agrees with Sergeant Churchill and Tilley How, The question being asked Major Austin, whether he had any orders for burning said houses, he confessed he had no
it, but alleged as an excuse his being in company with some of the General Officers just before the houses could. Mrs. Adams further says, that when they first came were burnt on the Plains, and heard General Putnam say to the house, they told her to get her things out of the house .he thought it would be best to burn all the houses, Sic., and as quick as possible; that she attempted to take some things finding there was houses burnt on the Plains soon after, he out of a bed-room, when some of the men told her to be thought it his duty to burn the said houses as he did.
you
taken out of your house this night. That after some of her of doors, some of the men insulted things were carried out her with ill language, (in the presence of Major Austin,) such as damned Tories, &.C., threatening to blow her through.
Elisha Dunham being sworn, says that on the night of the 5th instant he was on guard, and stood as sentinel at the time the houses were burning, which was at about one
hundred rods distance from him that he heard the crying women and children as he thought. n'illiam Harrop being sworn, agrees with Elisha Dunham. The Court then adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow ;
orders for
the twenty-first article in the fourteenth section of the rules government of the Forces of the United States of
for the
America, and therefore sentence him
to
be discharged from
the service.
Attest:
DAN. HITCHCOCK,
President.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE. Peekskill,
November
12th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Enclosed you will receive a copy of sundry resolutions of Congress, which came to hand since I left the
of
Plains.
morning.
the instance of the Rhode-Island regiments, Commissioners having come from the States of Massachusetts and Connec-
November
]3th.
The Court met according to adjournment. Sergeant Churchill being sworn, says, on the night of the 5th instant, that he had been on a scouting party with Major Austin, and on their return the Major ordered him back with five men to the houses which they burnt, and told him to keep them to take good care of whatever tilings he got safe, and bring them off to his markee ; that when he came to the house, he asked Mrs. Adams what time of night it was he then asked her for a candle, &ic., and told her he ;
;
must burn the house, and they must get their things and children out of the house, but told them not to be frighted, and before the house was set for he should not hurt them on fire, he and his party did carry some of the things out of the house, such as bedding, wheat, &tc.; that Major Austin told the women they might go to a red house near by, and if they would, his men should carry their things for them that he heard no ill language towards the women from any of ;
;
the party, neither in the house or out of doors, during the
whole time they were there that the women cried and seemed to be in great distress, but he told them they should ;
not be hurt. Tilley
How
being sworn, says,
when they came
to
Mrs.
Adams's house, they asked the people what time of night it was, and asked them for a candle, and told them they must burn the house; that he immediately went to carrying things out of the house; that he waited for the aged woman to get up and dress herself; he then took both feather bed and straw bed on which she lay, and carried them out of
doors
upon
;
that he laid
and
it,
told
down
her to
the straw bed and the feather bed
lie
down on
it
;
that he assisted in
an hour, as near as he carrying things out for about half coul'd judge, before the house was set on fire, and then a straw bed was set on that during the
whole
fire in
affair
by some of the men he heard no abusive language
the house
;
from any of the party towards the women or children; that a girl seized Major Austin by the arm crying, and held him the devil she held him by the fast; the Major asked her what arm for she replied, you are an officer and can prevent the house being burnt; the Major then replied he could do the arm, but if she would nothing as long as she held him by let him go, he would set his men to carry her things to another house and make a fire for them. Further says, that
They will discover to you their opinion as to the necessity of taking the most early measures to levy the new Army. The resolves cannot have any operation but in
ticut, and being on the way from Maryland. They will be superseded, too, if any have arrived from Rhode-Island; therefore the resolutions are under that condition.
As it is of the last importance that the recruiting service should be begun, I must request, if the Commissioners are not arrived from Rhode-Island, that you will call upon Colonel Hitchcock, who will inform you of the officers recommended to tha't State by General Greene, &.C., and give orders to them to begin their inlistments immediately, on the terms and conditions allowed by Congress. Such of them
and will undertake the business, will be commissioned according to the rank assigned 'em in that recommendation. I have not got it by me, having sent it away with my papers before I came from Harlem.
as agree to stay,
In respect to the Militia, you will try your influence to them to remain ; perhaps the requisition from Congress
get
purpose may have some effect, though I have but expectation that it will. The enclosed letter for Colonel Darby you will please
for that little
send in by the first flag. cannot conclude without reminding you of the military and other stores about your encampment and at North-Castle, and to press the removal of them above Croton Bridge, or such other places of security as you may judge proper. General Howe having sent no part of his force to Jersey yet, makes the measure more necessary, as he may perhaps turn his views another way, and attempt their destruction. I have directed Colonel Putnam to examine the passes in the Highlands eastward of this place, and to lay out such When you works as may be necessary to secure 'em. to
I
remove your present encampment, you will assign such a number of men to the several posts as you shall deem sufficient for their defence. trial of Major Austin for burning the houses be forgot; publick justice requires that it should be on as soon as it can. brought O
hope the
I
will not
I
To
am,
&.C.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Major-General Lee.
;
things were tied up in two blankets were carried to the Major's markee, and all the rest were left with the women ; that the house the aged woman desired her things might be carried to was on fire when the Major first came
what
to
Mrs. Adams's house.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. SIR
enemy
:
The uncertainty with respect to the designs of the renders any disposition of our Army at this time a
but, for the present, your division, with such at Forts Constitution, Montgomery, and Independence, are to be under your command, and remain in this quarter for the security of the above posts and the little
unsettled
troops as are
;
now
passes through the Highlands from this place, and the one
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
657
on the west side of Hudson's
ment
is
meant
be included
to
river.
in this
Colonel Task's regi-
command.
evince the Unnecessary it is for me to say any thing to and water communication importance of securing the land through these passes, or to prove the indispensable necessity of using every exertion' in your power to have such works erected for the defence of them as your own judgment, assisted by that of your Brigadiers and the Engineers, may show the expediency
form an accurate judgment of the proper places to in order effectually to secure the two land passes fortify, above-mentioned through the Highlands, requires a consid-r
TENCH TILGHMAN TO ROBERT
to give
any direction on
this
head with precision.
You
probability
but from the advanced season, which, will not admit of any the frost (which may be daily expected) spade-work after Lose not a moment's time therefore, in choosing the sets in. and west side of the river, on which your grounds on the east Let your men designed intended works are to be erected. for each post be speedily allotted, and by your presence and otherwise do every thing to stimulate the officers (respectively
commanding
at
each)
be erected, contigcheapest kind of barracks must uous to these places, where no covering now is for the men. These may, I should think, be built of logs, and made warm
The
In apportioning your men to the different posts (those to be established as well as those already fixed on the river) I advise your keeping the corps as much in this allotment as together, and also desire that
at very
little
cost.
possible
consult your officers and such gentlemen as have in their power (from their superiour knowledge of the to afford you good advice. will
you it
country)
day.
men
I should posts before-mentioned, think others ought to be built at such places in this neighbourhood as the Quartermaster-General and Engineer shall this must, from the nature of it, be considered point out, as in an important point of view, and as well adapted for winof the Army as any other place can be. for ter
the
quarters
them
nicate
to
Mr. Duer, who has a
at the
part
General Howe's contrary to the generally-received opinion, remove to Dobbs's Ferry was only intended as a feint, to draw off part of our force from the place which we last occuand should make an attempt upon General Lee, you pied, are to give him all the aid you can, taking care at the same time to keep guards in the posts and passes you occupy. For the speedy and regular punishment of offences, you are hereby authorized and empowered, whilst you remain in a separate camp, to hold General Court-Martials, and carry the judgments of them into execution, in all cases whatIf,
soever.
Be
of all intrenching tools, tents, particularly careful the bottoms of them are not covered with dirt,) that (seeing above all, take care that no discharged soldiers are suf-
more
away any of the publick arms or accoutrements. Apply to the Commissary of stores for a list of those furnished to the respective Colonels of Regiments,
things and see that they account for them before the men are disIn like manner should every thing had of the missed. Quartermaster-General be delivered up.
Keep
of cartridges, and persons employed in making attentive that the stores are taken care of,
be particularly and the powder kept from receiving damage also prevent the soldiery from committing any kind of waste and injuries ;
rr
IENCH
your most
sir,
mIILGHMAN.
Robert R. Livingston, Esq.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GENERAL GATES. Albany, November
DEAR GENERAL: Our affairs below are in a The enemy have collected their force situation.
12, 1776.
perplexing at
Dobbs's
Ferry ; brought up more ships above Fort Washington, and boats. It is imagined they either will attempt to penetrate into New-Jersey, or to make a push to get up Hudson's River: the latter is believed to be their intention. have not batteaus or any craft to convey our troops from one side of the river to the other. demand has all their
We
A
been made on me, and I shall this day send all I have here. You will not want for flour, for I shall immediately build others.
From
is
the accounts just received from Tryon County, it You probable we shall be attacked in that quarter also.
without any delay, send down such of the Jersey and Pennsylvania battalions whose term of inlistment is expired. These to be sent down the country to will, therefore,
opposing the enemy. have the fullest confidence that on this alarming occasion the soldiers will most cheerfully continue in the service a few weeks longer, and save their country. Let them come by the way of Fort George; I shall have sloops in assist in
I
them down to the Highlands. detach one regiment at least (more if they can prudently be spared) to meet the enemy in Tryon readiness here to convey
You
will also
County. Colonel Lewis goes off teaus out of
Lake George
therefore cause
this instant to
into
more batteaus
Hudson's
convey
fifty
bat-
river.
You
will
to be brought into that lake. Maxwell to march with the
General St. Clair or General regiments destined for the southward. I am, dear General, your most obedient, humble servant,
PH. SCHUYLER. General Gates.
GENERAL SCHUYLER's ORDERS TO COLONEL DEROUSSIE. Head-Quarters, Albany, November ]2th, 1776.
You
SIR:
will
immediately
man
as
batteaus as
many
Canadian corps as are now in town, and proceed with them without a moment's Upon your arrival at that place you delay to Fishkill. are at this post, with such of the
on the President of the Convention of State and conform to his directions as to your further
will instantly wait
to private or publick property.
this
The men who composed the detachment under Colonel Lasher are all to join their respective corps. Given at Head-Quarters, at Peekskill, this 12th day of November, 1776. GQ WASHINGTON>
procedure.
To
opportunity of
through him than from, dear
satisfaction
obedient servant,
and,
fered to carry
full
talking the matter over with the General. I shall refer you to him for our various opinions of the intended operations of the enemy. You will hear them with
be found necesIndependent of the barracks which may sary for
1776.
SIR: Yours of the 9th did not get to hand till this Your remarks I think very judicious. I shall commu-
to exert themselves in forwarding
them.
November,
DEAR
stay here will not allow
will not only keep in view the importance of securing these but the necessity of doing it without delay, not only passes, of the enemy's attempting to seize them, from the
New-
R. LIVINGSTON.
Peekskill, 12th
ways
me
the Honourable the Convention of the State of at the Fishkills.
York
erable degree of attention and knowledge of the roads and These you must get from leading through the hills.
my
658
The people depend on it for the support of their families. Supervisors beg the opinion on the same from the honourable House, for which they shall be ever in duty bound. THO'S OUTWATER, Clerk.
To
information and observation, as
1776.
order to have the contingent charges of said County settled ; and as some difficulties might arise from the former mode, have concluded to submit it to the opinion of the honourable Convention of the State of New- York, for numbers of poor
To
of.
NOVEMBER,
fcc.,
By To
order of the General
:
JOHN LANSING,
Jun.,
A.
Sec'y.
Lieutenant-Colonel Deroussie.
Major-General Heath.
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO CAPTAIN WHIFFLE. ORANGE COUNTY COMMITTEE TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
Newport, November
Orange County, November 12th, 1776. The Supervisors of the County of Orange, at their meetbe done in it necessary that something should incr, do find
"FIFTH SERIES.
VOL. HI.
42
SIR
:
Captain Boivden has waited on
that he ship,
and
is
I
me
12th, 1776.
and says innocent of seducing the people to retake the think it would be hard to censure a man for a here,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
659'
we know to be villains. You thereconsent that you give him an order on Mr. so much of his adventure as you shall think
fcc.,
NOVEMBER,
few
dirty fellows that
speedy passage, and am,
fore
have
my
humble
Langdon
for
proper, and I will ratify the
same
as though 1
had done
it
myself. I
am,
sir.
ESEK HOPKINS. Commander of the ship
your humble servant,
To Abraham
Whipple, Esq.,
Providence.
T T JOHN PAUL JONES.
To
Mr. Walter Spooner, Lieutenant of the ship-of-war the Alfred, and Commander of the Alfred's prize the brigantine Active.
When
N. B.
off the bar of
am, sir, your humble servant, John Bradford, Esq., Agent
I
To
in the State
ESEK HOPKINS. for the Continental
Fleet
of Massachusetts-Bay.
J.
SIR:
:
I
had the honour of writing
to
) J
you from
Rhode-Island 30th ultimo, with an account of my late cruise, and copies of my letters down to the 30th of SepI sailed from thence first current, and have met tember. with contrary winds and strong weather for some time I have not, however, met with any material disaster, fast. took the brigantine Active last night, from Liverpool for Halifax, with an assorted cargo on private account, and this morning I fell in with and took the ship Melli-sh, of three hundred and fifty tons, from London for Quebeck, This prize is, with a cargo consisting entirely of clothing. I believe, the most valuable sliip that hath been taken by
She made some defence, but it was Active, by the best accounts I can learn, was worth six thousand pounds sterling when she left EngI found sixty men, women and children on board land. the American arms.
The
trifling.
I the Mcllish, several of whom are persons of distinction. have taken them all on board here, and shall now endeavour all I possibly can to effect the principal part of my duty and relieve our ill-treated fellow-citizens at Cape Breton. The loss of the Mellish will distress the enemy more than can be easily imagined, as the clothing on board of her is the last intended to be sent out for Canada this season, and
The situation that hath preceded it is already taken. I of Burgoyne's army must soon become insupportable. will not lose sight of a prize of such importance, but will sink her rather than suffer her to fall again into their hands. all
I send the Active into port,
are
among
the
prisoners
and she conveys seamen and
forty
this.
esteem yourself; but I knew your brother James well, when I was myself a son of fortune. You will perhaps hear from me again in a short time. Meanwhile you may promulgate that I have taken the last transport with clothing for Canada; no other will come out this season, and all that have been sent before her are taken. This will I
my seamen, and should he be allowed his private trade, you will please to give him any credit he may occasionally want under fifty pounds sterling, till I write you more particularly on the
subject. I have the honour to be, with much esteem, sir, your most obedient, very humble servant, JOHN PAUL JONES.
To
Robert Smith, Esq., agent
VAN BIBBER
fc
the State of North-
HARRISON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. St. Eustatia, 13th
GENTLEMEN:
We have
November,
day drawn on you
1776.
favour of Mr. John Parrott, for four hundred dollars, for which draft we received specie from him, and flatter ourselves it can assure you Mr. Parrott's will be duly honoured. cash came very opportunely to our assistance, having more engagements on account of the publick now due than we this
in
We
can conveniently pay.
We are, with much esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient
servants,
VAN BIBBER
To
&i
HARRISON.
the honourable the Council of Safety of Maryland,
An-
napolis.
P. S. No mention was made by either of us whether hard specie was to be paid in Maryland or not, but hope you will satisfy the bearer of the bill.
V B
&z.
H
THOMAS SMYTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
with
Annapolis,
am, with much esteem and respect, gentlemen, your much obliged, very obedient, and most humble servant, J. P. JONES.
I leave
town prevents
sooner you send the
salt for
Alfred, 12th November, 1776, Off the Coast of Cape Breton.
) J
You
are hereby appointed commander of our prize You the brigantine Active, from Liverpool for Halifax. are directed to proceed with all possible despatch for the State of North-Carolina, and to deliver your charge (the brigantine Active with my letters) unto Robert Smith, Esq., I the agent at Edenton. request you to be very careful to keep a good look-out to prevent your being surprised or
and you must by no means break bulk, or destroy any part of the cargo or stores except what may be absolutely necessary for your subsistence during the passage. If you find it impossible to reach and get into NorthCarolina, you are at liberty to go into any other of the I wish United States of North America. you a safe and
curing the one hundred
which you have empowered
me
to purchase,
and at the same 250. time it will be necessary to send me about Permit me to remind your Honours of the application of the better, or the best beef will
CAPTAIN JONES TO LIEUTENANT SPOONER.
13th, 1776.
not getting here this morning before me from having the pleasure of seeing
you.
The
Philadelphia.
November
GENTLEMEN: Your
barrels of beef,
retaken
for
Carolina.
There
soldiers,
I
SIR:
in the wind," and check have taken a private adven-
a cloth
progress on the lakes^
their officers.
The Honourable Marine Committee,
$
in this
ture of Captain Foxe's (in slops) for the use of
PAUL JONES TO THE MARINE COMMITTEE.
GENTLEMEN
am happy
)
opportunity of acknowledging the grent obligation I owe to Mr. Heioes, by addressing my I have seen and do prize, the brigantine Active, to you. I
make Burgoyne "shake
Alfred, 12th November, 1776, Off the Coast of Cape Breton.
your ensign union down.
hoist
Alfred, off the Coast of Cape Breton, 12th November, 1776.
his
CAPTAIN
and
the
gress.
to hoist
CAPTAIN JONES TO ROBERT SMITH.
12th, 1776.
SIR: Captain John Plants, who was a passenger Royal Exchange, has two hogsheads of rum on board this as he will want a brio;, Lord Lifford, under your care, and should be glad sufficiency to bear his charges while here, of and it will two him the will deliver rum, hogsheads you be agreeable to the officers and men belonging to the fleet, and 1 make no doubt but it will be agreeable to the Con-
Ockricock you are
a jack or ensign on the under part of your jib-boom as a
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO JOHN BRADFORD. in
your most obedient, very
sir,
servant,
signal for a pilot,
Newport, November
660
1776.
all
be sold
;
Mr. Alexander Murray, for the command of the Province Should you favour schooner now at Mr. Sleuart's yard. him with the appointment, his brother, Doctor Murray, will immediately inform him thereof; and I am, with much respect, gentlemen, your most obedient servant >
To
THOMAS SMYTH.
the honourable the Council of Safety of Maryland.
;
BENJAMIN RUMSEY TO DANIEL OF
ST.
THOMAS JENIFER.
Philadelphia, 13th
November, 1776.
SIR Congress have this day given an answer to the resolutions of our State, which being an entire new one, we :
661
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
have despatched
to the
proper place to be considered. They be inlisted for three years, and a bounty of twenty dollars only to be given; or during the war, and one hundred acres of land be added to the bounty. resolve that the troops
not specify
will
They
may
where the land
lies
belonging to the
United States.
Our
instructions run that they are to
when our
the war; of course
be
inlisted
State accedes to
it
during
we can
proceed. Congress has got rid of the difficulty with respect to the land, and has not closed in with either of the proposi-
made by our State, nor receded entirely from their own resolution. But if they have escaped, they embarrass us. What can we do with our Regulars? They are inlisted during the war. Must we inlist them again in the service of the
King brought only one of the bundles of commissions up; there are not more than enough for four battalions. There are five of the Flying-Camp and two of the Regulars. The German and Rifle companies will make the eighth. Surely, then, you have not sent commissions enough.
should be obliged to you to send up a copy also of the resolves of Congress relative to the raising the eighty-eight battalions, as we have not got it, and would be as little I
troublesome as possible to the Congress. Four thousand of our troops, under General Putnam, have crossed the North River to reinforce General Greene, who has six thousand under his command, to prevent the enemy plundering the Jerseys or penetrating to this place, and I suppose they will be followed by a more considerable
number
if
the
enemy
pass that river.
of the transactions of Convention have transYou are exceedingly concise on that head. pired here. You tell me they are still engaged about the Constitution. I should naturally have concluded they were so. But pray what sort of a Constitution have they framed ? How far little
Very
monarchical, aristocratick, or democratick ? how far a mixture? how balanced each power? It is a matter of great importance to a subject of a State that power should be well
and equally balanced. I am, sir, your most humble servant,
BENJAMIN RUMSEY.
The Honourable Daniel of St. Thomas we
near
us,
stay here or to us.
much
longer the
Flying-Camp
THOS. LOWHY. Philadelphia,
November
A man who has.contracted
ADDRESS OF THE GRAND JURY OF BURLINGTON COUNTY, NEWJERSEY.
To
Honourable SAMUEL TUCKER, Esq., one of the Judges of the Supreme Court for the State of NEWJERSEY: the
The Address of
the Grand Jury of the County of BURLINGTON, in the said State :
Having for some time past witnessed an interruption of the free enjoyment of our civil liberties by the hand of British tyranny and usurpation, the Grand Jury for the County of Burlington cannot forbear expressing their unfeigned satisfaction at the opening of the Supreme Court of the State of The Constitution, as
New-Jersey. lately formed by the honourable Convention of this State, gives us the utmost satisfaction, and, as we believe, the County we represent. We flatter ourselves that, in due season, under the Divine protection, we shall be enabled to baffle the designs of our cruel enemy, and reap the benefits thereof. Conscious, however, of the goodness of our cause, and the rectitude of our intentions, the Grand Jury for the County of Burlington are determined to do their part for the support and relief of their much-injured
country. congratulate you, sir, on your appointment as one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of this State. have no doubt of your integrity and assiduity, and can only wish your country had called you to so important an office in times less perilous and dangerous. But, sir, let the peril and difficulty of the times be a criterion to distinguish who are
We
We
country and who are not. Signed by order of the Grand Jury W. POTTS, Foreman. November 13, 1776.
real friends to their
An-
will
come
November
13th, 1776.
Mr. Green, on account of our State, with forty reams of paper, called on me the other day and informed me that they were ready; that Mr. Green had directed him to send them down by water; but reflecting on the orders given by the members of to furnish
Congress from our State not to hazard a former quantity by water, lie was apprehensive that he should do wrong to risk them now, a thought which did not strike him till after the departure of Mr. Green, and that he would on notice send them by wagon. I forgot in my two former despatches to mention it, but informed him he would receive a line from our State relative to
To
am,
sir,
the Honourable
the
Daniel of
sail
St.
BENJAMIN RUMSEY. Thomas Jenifer, Esq.,
of transports, under sufficient convoy, to the southward.
New-York
Honourable
the Continental Congress:
Mr. Wharton and myself being appointed by Colonel Joseph Trumbull, Commissary-General, to purchase and cure beef and pork in the States of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, in consequence of which we have purchased a large number of cattle, which are now on hand and must be killed immediately, as there is no pasture for
them.
Having
I most cordially thank firmness in the cause of freedom
me, and
applied to the
Council of Safety of
:
am happy
to find the
Grand
you
for
your address.
very agreeable to Jury for the opulent is
County of Burlington are determined to support their rights as freemen under our new and happy Constitution, in which. they may rely on every assistance in my power. Your good opinion of me affords me sensible pleasure, and hope my future conduct will be such as will meet with the approbation of every freeman in the State of Neio-
SAMUEL TUCKER. November
13, 1776.
RICHARD DALLAM TO RICHARD PETERS. [Read 15th, 1776.] New-Brunswick, November 13th, 1776.
PETITION OF THOMAS LOVVRY.
To
Your
it.
your most humble servant,
Annapolis. One hundred have sailed from
13, 1776.
ANSWER OF JUDGE TUCKER.
Philadelphia,
I
self,
:
Jenifer, Esq.,
BENJAMIN RUMSEY TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. :
662
I am, in behalf of Mr. Carpenter Wharton and your Honours' most obedient, humble servant,
GENTLEMEN
SIR
1776.
State for salt for curing the same, they have referred us to for orders to them what proportion of salt, that is already imported, or may be imported, be delivered us for that purpose. As this is the most suitable time for procuring and salting both beef and pork, which, if now neglected, the Army must suffer, therefore request an answer as soon as convenient.
napolis. If
NOVEMBER,
Congress
tions
State for three years? I imagine our State will not incline to do so; if they do, we ought to have instructions on that head.
fcn.,
this
DEAR SIR: I have just received my express, and in answer inform
your favour by return you that this morning received a letter from Fort Lee by express, to send up there forty thousand dollars immediately, and informing me that a large body of troops were sent over on this side the North River, who would be under the necessity of applying to me for their pay, which I shall not hesitate to do, though not properly under my department, unless forbid by ConThe Flying-Camp men are for the most part on gress. this side, and a brigade of Virginians, who inform me are Under these circumstances you will know in want of pay. the sum of fifty thousand dollars will be of but little use, and you will therefore order a much larger as soon as of
possible. I
am,
sir,
your very humble servant,
RICHARD DALLAM, D. Q. M. Gen'L
To R.
Peters, Esq., Sec'y to the
War
Office.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
663 Return oj
the
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
664
Forces encamped on the JERSEY Shore, commanded by Major-General GREENE, November 13, 1776.
REGIMENTS.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
665
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO ROBERT Albany, November
H.
HARRISON.
Supra
13th, 1776, nine o'clock at night.
SIR: I am this moment favoured with yours of the 9th that by Mr. Bennet. It gives me great pleasure to learn I have General Howe encounters so many difficulties. of our enemies great hopes that the sanguine expectations
meet with disappointment. have sent ten or eleven batteaus to Fishkills, to be forwarded to the Army, which have probably arrived there this day. Six more of a larger 'size go to-morrow, and will
I
to Lake George to yesterday I despatched Colonel Lewis I leave this at four to-morrow and from thence, bring fifty are morning to go and expedite them. As the enemy I have ordered such of the into retired Canada, certainly
of inlistPennsylvania and Jersey regiments whose terms ment are expired, from Tyonderoga. They will probably leave it to-morrow and I make no doubt but that they will for some cheerfully continue to serve with his Excellency I hope these It is what I have requested of them. time. measures will meet with his Excellency's approbation. You will please to convey my best respects to him. I am, sir, with esteem, your most obedient, humble servant ' ;
PH. SCHUYLER.
To
Robert
H.
Albany, November
.
13, 1776.
DEAR SIR:
Congress have resolved that Colonel Ogden He goes to Ticonderoga to should complete his regiment. I think every engine men he can recruit there. what try The should be set at work in order to engage an Army. money is daily expected here, and a supply will be sent as soon as
you
am, dear
I
it
sir,
-------__
Order drawn November 14th, 1776, delivered Mr. William Wheeler.
The above order is to be charged in account against the United States of America, for the regiment commanded by Colonel Hinman for said service. 15 6*. 5rf., in Voted, To draw on the Pay-Table for favour of Lieutenant John Beadle, for expense of the guard under his command in bringing a number of Tories from Stamford to this place, and time. (Order drawn 14th November, and delivered to Lieutenant Beadle.) Thomas Mumford, Esq., exhibited an account of some 38 Small-Arms and three bolts of Duck, to amount of 14s., which is allowed, and voted to draw on the Pay-Table 20 14s. for the Guns and Bayonets, same, it being 18 for the Duck. (Order delivered Thomas Mumford, Esq., November 14th, 1776.) Memorandum To rectify the mistake about fourteen sixfor the
and
:
here under guard from Stamford, as being persons dangerous to the State, and to dispose of and govern them in the best
manner they can,
your most obedient, humble servant,
ISAAC PARIS TO
State
THE NEW-HAMPSHIRE CONVENTION.
Having examined
belly.
seerns to appear that he
several
witnesses,
it
guilty ; in consequence whereof, we have thought proper to commit him to Johnstown jail, to the care of the commanding officer of that post. is
We
therefore pray that you in your wisdom may, as soon as directions in the premises as you think possible, give such
proper.
gentlemen, with esteem and respect, your obedi-
humble
servant, order of the Committee
By To the
:
ISAAC PARIS, Ch'n.
honourable Convention of the State of
New- York.
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety of Connecticut, November 13, 1776: Present: His Honour the Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, Samuel Huntington, Jedediah Elderkin, and Nathaniel Wales, Jun., Esquires. Advised on sundry matters, and adjourned
of CONNECTICUT
By
the Governour.
Honourable the Deputy Governour, Assistants, Representatives, and Secretary of this State :
:
are,
Governour
NOTIFICATION FOR MEETING OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF CONNECTICUT.
Tryon County Committee-Chamber, November 13th, 1776. GENTLEMEN It is lamentable that we have occasion to inform you that Captain John Winn stands charged with killing one of his men by a push with the muzzle of his gun
We
as their prudence shall direct, until
further orders from the General Assembly, or the and his Council aforesaid.
To the
ent,
9100 24 10~0
Hon. General Gates.
his
credit.
By pay as a soldier, received from Captain Nathaniel on his pay-roll four and two, thirds months,
arrives.
PH. SCHUYLEB.
into
is
666
1776.
pound Cannon, for Mr. Thomas Mumford, which ought to have been thought of some time past. Voted and Resolved, The Committee of Inspection of the Town of Lebanon be, and they are hereby directed and authorized to take the care and custody of the Prisoners sent
Harrison, Esq., Secretary, &tc.
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GENERAL GATES.
NOVEMBER,
fee.,
Business of importance requiring your speedy attention and consideration, you are hereby noticed to attend and meet in General Assembly, at the Court-House in Hartford, in said State, on Tuesday, the nineteenth day of November instant, at ten of the clock in the forenoon, then and there to advise and consult on such matters and Business as shall be laid before
you.
Given under
my
hand
in
November, 1776.
Windham
Lebanon, the 13th day of JON'TH TRUMBULL.
Captain Jabez Huntington, Captain Ebene-
zer Mosely.
Mansfield
Mr. Const. Southworth, Mr. Edmund Free-
man. Coventry
Burnap. Ashford Wales.
Stamford
Captain Ebenezer Kingsbury, Mr. Abraham Captain
Benjamin Clark, Captain
Elisha
Captain Isaac Pinney, Captain Samuel Da-
vice.
Wellington
Captain Timothy Pearl, Mr. Moses Holms.
and 15th. Notified Seventy-two miles travel, 1776, November 14th these Representatives p. Elisha White. 1776, November 16th. Order given for 24 shillings for service.
to the 14th
instant.
November 14th.
Met
according to adjournment. Present the same as yesterday, and with addition of Benjamin Huntington and William Hillhouse, Esquires.
Voted, That an order be drawn on the Committee of the 24 10s., in favour of William Wheeler, for Pay-Table for his service and expense as Commissary of the north end of
Lake George, Anno, 1775. His Account
Dr.
The
city of
is
State of Connecticut to William Wheeler, in capaCommissary at the north end of Lake George by
Hinman, by warrant dated 3d
July, 1775.
To
months and two-thirds 6 per month,
five
Lebanon .November 13th, 1776. SIR: Your favours of the 6lh, 7th, and 10th instant, are to your Excellency for the received, and am much obliged in that of the 9th, of the supposed me notice given early embarkation of about three thousand of the enemy, and of their destination.
Yours of the 7th, advising of the approaching
as follows:
order of Colonel Benjamin
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
dissolution
and that of a large part of our Army is truly alarming, season drawing near am sensible will be most critical, and be taken in order in that every method possible ought to
some good measure to supply the deficiency which must dismission for which purpose, as well as for happen by their :
in that service, at
34
a reconsideration of the matters referred to in yours of the to call the Assembly of this State, to 10th, has induced me
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
667 meet
Hartford on Tuesday next.
at
The
reasons you have
therein given of the great inconvenience which may happen in this by adding to the wages of the soldiery to be raised the State Congress are
encouragements given by beyond indeed obvious, and which effectually operated to prevent our Assembly taking such a step until the Committee of the Massachusetts passed New-Haven for the Army, and there State had given gave out to sundry of our members that that the additional encouragement of twenty shillings per month, and that New undoubtedly had done the same.
-Hampshire That being the case, we were induced to resume the subject and make the addition, being sensible it would be impossible to raise our quota on terms inferiour to those given by our Tho' we are apprehensive that it neighbouring States. will be attended with much greater difficulty to recede from the additional encouragements than if they had never been
given.
The
be given you of the resolutions
earliest notice shall
of our Assembly. Hope our Army
may be established on a
firm
and united
footing.
am, with great esteem and* regard, sir, your most obehumble servant, JON'TH TRUMBULL. General Washington. I
dient,
THOMAS SWORDS TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
668
1776.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM AN OFFICER ON BOARD THE ALFRED, OFF THE COAST OF CAPE BRETON, TO A GENTLEMAN OF DISTINCTION IN THE STATE OF RHODEISLAND, DATED NOVEMBER 13, 1776.
We
have met with contrary winds and stormy weather
We
we passed Halifax. have, past, ever since the taken however, brigantine Active, from Liverpool, on a private account for Halifax, a prize worth six thousand but we have besides been pounds sterling prime cost for this
week
;
remarkably successful in taking the ship Mellish, a transport from London for Quebeck, laden entirely with clothing, the And as all that hath formerly last to be sent out this fall. been sent to Canada are taken, this last blow will make Burgoyne shake a cloth in the wind, and check his progress on the lakes. This transport sails very fast she was latelycalled the Thunder-Bomb, and is now rebuilt, mounted with guns, and made some little defence. As we think her of too much importance to be lost sight of, we propose to man her well, and keep her with us till our return, which we hope will be very soon. We will sink the Mellish rather than We have taken in suffer her to fall again into their hands. her between sixty and seventy prisoners, several of whom are officers, and people of condition. ;
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, November 14th, 1776. SIRS I sent you by a vessel yesterday one hundred barof bread and eighteen casks of powder, for Colonel Hooe, and a guard with the boat to carry your salt. But she went to the point to take in the salt, as I thought, but went off" without taking it, and I fear much to your prejuBut you may depend it shall come with the next boat. dice. :
Preston, 13 November, 1776.
rels
SIR As I have not heard from Albany since I had the that my mind is pleasure of seeing you, must acquaint you much distressed not only on account of my present disagreeable situation, but also on account of my tender and nume:
rous family, which
do
I
me
I
have not seen
for
know what
to
situation they are in. If I can be permitted to
them.
near eight months, nor
Duty and love calls go and see them shall
return, upon the faith of a man of honour, according to the rules that may be prescribed, if not further enlarged by the
can be granted, which most punctually adhere thereto. I am short of clothing for the ensuing sfeason and several other necessaries, not to mention the distresses my family must labour under. Doctor Downer has paid me the amount of your order, and now in want of a further supply, for which shall give an order on the Paymaster-General of his Britannick Majesty's forces at New-York, or any merchant in the city of Albany. I hope you will take it into consideration and make my case your own. I am, sir, your most respectful, humble servant,
Albany Committee. I
hope
God
in
it
If this request
will, shall
We
we can. I hope the Resolution be with you Sunday next, and the schooner Friendship by the middle of next week. The brig is here done, and The butchers are salting the beef. The ready for flour. sails are making for such as want small sails, and things are are going on as well as
will
But the consumption of cash is great, with going tolerable. Please send a sum of money so many sundry things doing. by the bearer Captain Stone. I will do all I can for you, and remain your humble servant, JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH.
The Honourable I thought you the vessels with;
Council of Safety, Annapolis. had staves, but can find none to dunnage am forced to buy them.
HUGH LYON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OP SAFETY.
THOMAS SWORDS.
To
the Honourable Jonathan Trumbull, Esq.
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO CAPTAIN HINMAN. Newport, November
SIR:
You
are to
make all
13th, 1776.
the despatch you can to get to
Boston, and get the Cabot fitted for sailing as soon as possiand get such provisions on board as will last three or four months, if to be had, and join me here as soon as possible. If I should be sailed before you get here, I shall leave directions here for you to follow, and where to join the fleet.
ble,
am
I
your
friend
November
14th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The Committee
and humble servant,
of Observation for Prince letter of the 29th October George's County having your before them, requesting the exchange of Bristol shot for the like quantity of lead, the Committee at present cannot inform you what quantity they have on hand, as part of said shot have already been exchanged for lead. However, an inquiry shall be made, and information given you as soon as may be, if the quantity they have on hand should be worth while sending; and arn, for and on behalf of the Committee, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
HUGH LYON. The
right
honourable the Council of Safety, Annapolis.
ESEK HOPKINS.
To
Elisha Hinman, Esq.,
Commander
of the Cabot.
ISAAC VAN BIBBER TO
MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. November
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO JOHN BRADFORD.
GENTLEMEN: There vessel
Newport, November 13th, 1776.
am directed by the Marine Committee to proseexpedition in which the Cabot is to be joined. These are therefore to desire you to assist Captain Hinman with a sufficient quantity of provisions, and money sufficient SIR: I
cute an
him to get his vessel fit to come round here with the expedition possible, as the season requires despatch.
to enable all
I
am, with great esteem,
To John
sir,
your humble servant, ESEK HOPKINS.
for the Continental Fleet of Massachusetts, at Boston.
Bradford, Esq., Agent
in the State
comes
is
arrived
to the address of
by Captain
14th, 1776.
Hill,
whose
Usher and myself, also
in
Captain Booker, whose vessel comes to my address, two large parcels of powder for the Council of Safety of Maryland, of which parcels I apprehend you are advised by the shippers; part of which powder we have delivered to Mr. Hopkins, your magazine-keeper, and part the country people took out as soon as the vessel came to the wharf, and put in a warehouse at FelPs Point, in order to come at the There salt, which powder we want your instructions about. is ten percent, on freight due. I have been selling powder consigned to me, for seven shillings and seven shillings six pence.
669
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, & c NOVEMBER, .,
Please to give
must apply
humble
To
for
me
your
instructions,
the freight, and
servant,
and
will
you
ISAAC
where
direct
much
I
oblige your
VAN BIBBER.
the honourable the Council of Safety of Maryland.
1776.
670
be necessary. I gave Mr. Cook full direction how to proceed, in order to get the letter conveyed, or rather delivered by himself to the Captains, and have also desired him
may
to
get any assistance to the Captains forward accounts to Philadelphia.
if
they should want to
About ten o'clock this morning appeared round the point Sandy-Hook a number of vessels outward-bound. They are still coming out in great numbers. As I have unforof
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO MARYLAND CONVENTION. Philadelphia,
November
14, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The
enclosed letter from Mr. Searle, a gentleman of honour and a friend to the cause of America, containing the most important intelligence, I am commanded to forward to you with the. utmost expedition. uncertain destination of the fleet therein mentioned, makes it absolutely necessary that you should be informed
by Congress
The
sailing, that you may make every preparation in to defend yourselves in case of an attack.
of their
power
your
most ardently entreat your attention and exertion on the present occasion, and have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient and very humble servant, I
JOHN HANCOCK,
To
President.
the honourable the Convention of the State of
Mary-
tunately no glass I cannot as yet distinguish their motions. I shall detain the express one hour longer, that I may
endeavour to form some judgment of
number and
their
course.
One o'clock. I do not think it prudent to detain the bearer any longer. The ships come out but slowly; at present about one hundred sail appear round the Hook, and appear to be standing to the southward, wind at northwest. I observe one or two that Do me appear to be very large. the favour to send word to Mrs. Searle that I set out for Philadelphia noon. 1 am, dear
this afternoon,
sir,
and
shall
be there on Friday
your affectionate and obliged
servant,
friend
and
JAMES SEARLE.
land, at Annapolis.
an express just received, General Carleton with all to You will please to Quebeck. forward by a fresh express the despatches for the Southern
By
his forces has retreated
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE ASSEMBLIES OF THE SOUTH-
ERN STATES. Philadelphia,
States.
November
14th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The
enclosed letter from Mr. Searle, a gentleman of honour and a friend to the cause of America, conLong-Branch, New-Jersey, Wednesday Morning.
Twelve
o'clock.
DEAR SIR: About ten o'clock this morning appeared round the point of Sandy-Hook a number of vessels outward-bound. They are still coming out' in great numbers. As I unfortunately have no glass, I cannot as yet distinguish their motions. I shall
I
detain the express, however, one hour longer, that
may endeavour
to
form some judgment of
their
numbers
and course.
taining the most important intelligence, I am commanded by Congress to forward to you with the utmost expedition. The uncertain destination of the fleet therein mentioned makes it
absolutely necessary that you should be informed of their sailing, that you may make every preparation in your power to defend yourselves in case of an attack. I most ardently entreat your attention and exertion on the present occasion; and have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most
obedient and very humble servant, .
One
o'clock.
I
do not think
prudent to detain the bearer any longer. The ships come out but slowly at present. About one hundred sail appear round the Hook, and appear to be standing to the southward, wind at northwest. I observe one or two that Do me appear to be very large. the favour to send word to Mrs. Searle, that I set out for
Philadelphia noon.
this afternoon,
and
it
shall
I
am,
sir,
BOARD OF WAR TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. War-Office,
SIR:
your affectionate and obliged friend and servant,
JAMES SEARLE.
The
considerable
Sandy-Hook steps
Philadelphia,
SIR: The enclosed of honour and a friend
November
14th, 1776.
from Mr. Searle, a gentleman to the cause of America, I am commanded by Congress to forward to you with the utmost The uncertain destination of the fleet therein expedition. mentioned makes it absolutely necessary that you should be informed of the intelligence as soon as possible, that you may make such dispositions of the troops under your comletter
mand
as you shall judge proper. have the honour to be, with every sentiment of esteem and respect, sir, your most obedient and very humble serI
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
To
His Excellency General Washington, Commander-inChief of the Forces of the United States, &.C., at White-
Plains, or elsewhere. [The same to the Commanding Excellency Governour Livingston.]
Officer in New-Jersey,
and
to his
November
14th, 1776.
Congress having received information that a part of the enemy's fleet had sailed from to the southward, and judging that immediate to be taken for the preservation and
were necessary
defence of
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
Pres't.
[Same to Convention of Maryland, Assembly of Virginia, Convention of North- Carolina, Assembly of Soul/i-Carolina.]
be there on Friday
at
JOHN HANCOCK,
Assembly of Delaware.
powers
to
city, were pleased to vest us with all their effect this important business. As General
this
Mifflin has a considerable influence in this place, the judge it for the interest of the service that he be
Board imme-
diately ordered to this city, where his exertions we doubt not will turn out to the advantage of our cause. Your Excellency will therefore be pleased to give him directions upon the subject as soon as possible, provided
you shall be of opinion that he cannot be more usefully employed in any other place, which we beg leave to submit to you. If the enemy should bend their way to part of the Continent, we doubt not that your Excellency will yield us every possible assistance. With every sentiment of esteem, we have the honour to
this
be, your Excellency's servants,
most obedient and very humble
BENJ. HARRISON, JAWES WILSON, E. RUTLEDGE, FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT LEE.
His Excellency General Washington, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces of the United Slates. Long-Branch, Wednesday morning, 12 o'clock. SIR: Your letter to me by the express was delivered about an hour ago. I have despatched Lieutenant Cook, of the Militia quartered here, with two letters enclosed
DEAR
for
Tom's
river.
The commanding
officer
here
imme-
upon rny application gave direction to Mr. Cooke to down with the letter. Mr. Cook is a very careful young man, and has a brother at Tom's river, (hearty in the cause of freedom,) who will give any assistance that diately
proceed
BOARD OF WAR TO THE ASSOCIATORS OF PENNSYLVANIA. War-Office,
GENTLEMEN: Congress have
November
14th, 1776.
received intelligence that a fleet of the enemy, consisting of several hundred sail, were near Sandy-Hook, steering to the yesterday discovered It is highly probable that their destination is southward. It is needless for Delaware and the city of Philadelphia.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
671
and despatch are necesthe designs of the enemy and defend this counteract to sary the preservation of which is of very great importance city, to the general cause. Congress have directed us to co-
We
to observe that the utmost vigour
the Council of Safety of this State in concertoperate with and have measures proper on the present emergency, ing invested us with their full power to carry such measures In discharge of the trust committed to us, into execution. we think it our duty to recommend it to you, in the warmest and most earnest manner, immediately to put yourselves in
and parts of companies, as array and march by companies with the utmost expedition to this city. be can ready, you out Its safety and the interest of the United States point the necessity of your strongest exertions. General Washington, at the head of a considerable part of his Army, is advancing southward, but notwithstanding the enemy may all the despatch he can possibly make, be shall If him. arrive before opposed with proper they and sufficient numbers at their first approach, there is spirit
the greatest reason to expect that their views will finally be to their cost and disdefeated, and they will experience, the Continent they can make an of no on that part grace, They have been already obliged to abandon impression.
Crown-Point and retire into Canada. foes. It is vain to hope for lenity from your inveterate of those The are mercies tender Their property cruelty. who have acted as their friends is not safer than that of Devastation they consider as their enemies. of every kind marks their footsteps. their power to strengthen Congress will do every thing in for this purpose are already sent off to the Expresses you. those
whom
neighbouring States.
BENJAMIN HARRISON, JAMES WILSON, EDW'D RUTLEDGE, FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT LEE. RICH'D PETERS,
:
hope you
time nor stand him.
We
are,
in
sir,
672
1776.
will not suffer Captain Buck to lose any need of any assistance that you can afford
your humble servants.
John Wereat, Esq., Georgia.
MARINE COMMITTEE TO LIEUTENANT BUCK. November
14, 1776.
The
Continental schooner Georgia Packet, under your command, being now fitted, manned, and ready for sea, you are to proceed with said schooner and cargo for
SIR
:
Savannah,
in
Georgia, and on your
arrival
there, deliver
the cargo put on board said schooner by the Georgia Delegates to such person or persons as they may have directed it to. Any letters you carry are to be put into the post-
This you must particularly attend to, and deliver none of them to any person but the Postmaster there. You are to apply to John Wereat, Esq., Continental Agent at Savannah, who will load the schooner back with such
office.
goods as may be ordered by the Secret Committee of Congress, and you are to receive on board a full loading from You are to advertise for letters to be sent back in the him. schooner, and receive all that shall offer, which are to be When the schooner is reput into the post-office here. loaden at Georgia, and you have received your despatches from Mr. Wereat, you are then to make the best of your expect diligence and despatch way back for this port. You are to be careful from you, both at sea and in port. of the schooner, her stores, and materials, kind to your offi-
We
and men, but attentive to strict discipline and duty. you have the good fortune to make any prizes, send them into any safe port in the United States, addressed to the Should Continental Agent, and use your prisoners well.
cers If
The Every thing dear to freemen is now at stake. freemen of Pennsylvania wilP undoubtedly discover the and zeal which their country expect and their critical spirit situation demands.
Attest
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
you find it impracticable or dangerous to get into Savannah, you may put into any other safe port in the State, and do your business there and if on your return you find this port ;
shut up by the enemy, you may put into any of the inlets of New-Jersey, and give us notice, that we may direct what is to be done.
Wishing you success, we
Sec'ry.
are, sir,
your very humble ser-
vants.
To
MARINE COMMITTEE TO JOHN WEREAT. November
14, 1776.
the recommendation of George Walton, Esq.,
SIR: By one of your Delegates in Congress, we have appointed you Continental Agent in the State of Georgia. In that station it will fall to your share to supply all Continental cruisers
or other vessels in the Continental service with provisions, to assist the Captains and officers in stores, and necessaries whatever may be needful : to advance them moneys, give ;
them advice, and
in all things
the United States.
If
any
take care of the interests of
into prizes are sent
Lieutenant Isaac Buck.
Georgia by
the Continental cruisers, you are to receive them, libel and then make publick sale of vesprosecute to condemnation ; that are condemned ; and for your and all effects sels, cargoes, send a we containing the rules and you pamphlet guidance we shall also send you at and in these respects regulations
COUNCIL OF SAFETY OF PENNSYLVANIA TO BOARD OF WAR. November
Council of Safety present their compliments to the honourable the Board of War, and request them to order of artillery, sent to Captain Strahbogh, and his company Fort Montgomery by request of Congress, to return immein great need of artillerymen, and diately, as we shall be the most are expert belonging to this State. they
To
the honourable Board of
War.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO LANCASTER COMMITTEE.
;
a future day copies of our along the Continent.
official
letters to all
14, 1776.
The
In Council of Safety,
our agents
SIR:
We
November
14, 1776.
liberty to enclose a number of for the Colonels of the several battalions in your
have taken the
You will receive this by an advice boat belonging to the letters As they contain intelligence of the utmost importContinent, called the Georgia Packet, intended to be an County. on your publick spirit and activity in the comwe She the State and between ance, boat rely advice Congress. your them with the greatest despatch per has been loaden this voyage by your Delegates with stores mon cause to forward have enclosed you a copy of the as directed. handus a credit will for your State, and we expect you express letter for your perusal. desire you may receive some freight for the same. these goods with despatch, and as the Secret Committee of By order of Council, I have the honour to be, with humble servant, will use we a order equal respect, sir, your very hope you cargo back, Congress THOS. WHARTON, Jun., President. commands who Lieutenant in shipping it. Buck, despatch this schooner, is ordered to put all the letters he carries into To William Atlee, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of office ; and we desire you will inform the postLancaster County, at Lancaster. the
We
We
post
master he
by land,
is
for
to
charge the same postage as
we expect
in
this
way
to
if
they had
raise
come
something
towards defraying the expense of these packets although at present the letters will be very few.
in future,
You
will
back by this packet, and, as schooner back for this port. You will keep a regular account of your disbursements for this schooner, and if any balance arises in your favour we will pay your drafts on us for the amount. please to advertise for letters soon as you can, despatch this
Letter delivered to Lieutenant Colonel Reigart. First Battalion, G. Ross. Second Battalion, C. Grubb. Letter sent by Colonel Greenwalt, who engages to deliver it. Third Battalion, T. Porter. Letter sent by Mr. James Marshall, who engages to deliver it.
Fourth Battalion, Fifth
J.
Burd.
Battalion,/. Crawford.
engages to deliver it. Sixth Battalion, B. Galbnath. deliver it to Captain Pedcn. Seventh Battalion, M. Slough.
Letter sent
by John
Letter sent
by
S.
Gaymaker,
Jacob Erisman,
who
Letter delivered to Colonel Slough.
who will
673
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
Eighth Battalion, P. Grubb. Letter sent by William Campbell, Quartermaster of Colonel Grubb's Battalion, who engages to deliver it today. Ninth Battalion, P. Greenwalt. Letter delivered to Colonel Greenwa.lt. Tenth Battalion, J. Derree. Letter sent by Isaac Irwin, (member of
Committee,) who engages to deliver it. Eleventh Battalion, T. Green. Letter sent by Colonel Greenwalt, engages to send it to Lieutenant-Colonel Hedrick.
November
In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
Twelve
14, 1776,
who
)
o'clock,
Thursday. ) SIR: have certain intelligence that the enemy has actually sailed from New-York three hundred ships for this city, and that great numbers had got out of the Hook at
We
twelve o'clock yesterday, and were steering towards our As you value the safety of your country, and all Capes. that is dear and valuable to men, we most earnestly solicit your immediate assistance, and that you will march all your battalion to this city without the least delay. As nothing but the most hasty inarching of the Militia will enable us to make a stand, it is hoped that your battal-
the
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
same Army,
it
1776.
674
would much retard, if-not totally impede, latter, and produce discontent and
the inlistment of the
murmur, unless Congress should equally which it is the opinion of this
increase the pay of Congress would universally be reprobated as an immoderate expense, and complained of as a grievous burthen by those who must bear it, and therefore that the Committee from the State of Massachusetts-Bay be desired not to inlist their men on the additional pay offered by the Assembly of that State. Upon reconsideration, the Resolution of the 16th September these,
last, for raising
eighty-eight Battalions to serve during the present war with Great Britain, Congress being of opinion that the readiness of the inhabitants of these States to enter into the service for limited times in defence of their inval-
uable privileges, on to
all
former occasions, gives good grounds
hope the same zeal
for the publick good will appear in necessity calls for their assistance; and, lest the uncertain length of time which forces raised during the continuance of the present war may be compelled to serve,
future,
when
ion will manifest their usual spirit, and come forth on this trying occasion with the alacrity that will do them honour. If you can collect any shovels, spades, grubbing-hoes, and
may prevent men from inlisting who would otherwise readily manifest their attachment to the common cause, bv en^a^in^ ' * O O O / t> i lor a limited time :
them forward, and the
Therefore, Resolved, That all Non-Commissioned Offiand Soldiers who do not incline to engage their service during the continuance of the present war, and shall inlist to serve three years unless sooner discharged by Congress, shall be entitled to, and receive all such and
you
pitching-axes, beg
will
bring
be paid for them a full price. Three or four good wagons to each company will be of service. By order of Council: people shall
THOMAS WHARTON,
Jun., President.
cers
Bounty
as are allowed to those
MARYLAND COMMISSIONERS TO MARYLAND CONVENTION. Philadelphia,
SIR:
On
November
14th, 1776.
we waited on the honourable Congress. This morning received a letter and resolutions of the enclosed are copies. Congress To us new difficulties arise among others a grand one: Whether our regular troops (who are already engaged during the war) should now be inlisted for three years. As we conceive the subject-matter of these resolves to be new, we wait for further directions from the honourable Convention receipt of yours of the 10th instant,
inlist
required.
By
order of Congress
:
JOHN HANCOCK, GENERAL DE LANCEY
time grows short, we have sent off the express with the utmost despatch. are, honourable sir, with great respect and esteem,
As
We
your most obedient, humble servants,
LLOYD CHAMBERLAINE, THOS. CONTEE, BENJAMIN RUMSAY, JOHN HANSON, JR. The Hon. Matthew Tilghman, Esq., President of the ConJAS.
Maryland.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE COMMISSIONERS FROM MARYLAND. Philadelphia,
November
Pay
during the continuance of the present war, except the one hundred acres of land, which land is to be granted to those only who inlist without limitation of time; and each recruiting officer is required to provide two distinct inlisting-rolls, one for such to sign as inlist during the continuance of the war, and the other for such as inlist for three years, if their service shall be so long
of our State.
vention,
who
S
President.
ORDERS.
Whereas many of
the drivers of wagons of the different Counties on Long-Island, who were impressed from time to
time into his Majesty's service, are deserted and run away, which occasions many of the horses being lost and neglected, this is, therefore, to inform all masters of such wagons and teams, and their drivers, that if they do not immediately return to take care of their wagons and teams, and do
duty as drivers, that the Quartermaster-General will not be answerable for the loss of any of the wagons or teams.
their
Dated at General De Lancey's Head-Quarters, at OysterBay, November 14, 1776. OLIVER DE LANCEY, Brig. Gen.
WILLIAM SHERIFF,
13, 1776.
Deputy Quartermaster-General.
GENTLEMEN:
In consequence of a letter to Congress this day received from the honourable Convention of Maryland, enclosing sundry resolutions of that body relative to the raising their quota of the new levies, I have it in charge to resolutions of Congress, passed yesterday, admitting the new levies to inlist for three years, and at the same time to inform you that if the inhabitants of the
furnish
you with the
State of
Maryland will inlist to serve during the continuance of the present war they already have the faith of the United States of America pledged for the land to be granted to such soldiers.
The
you have enclosed, and conCongress as to the mode of the new inlist-
resolutions referred to
tain the sense of
ments. I
am, with esteem, gentlemen, your very humble servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
Honourable Commissioners from Maryland for appointing officers and promoting inlistment in the Army at
Camp.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. General Greene's Quarters, November 14, 1776.
SIR: I have the honour to inform you of my arrival here yesterday, and that the whole of the troops belonging to the States, which lay south of Hudson's river, and which were in Neiv-York Government, have passed over to this side, except the regiment lately Colonel Smallwood's, which I expect is now on their march. That they may be ready to check any incursions the enemy may attempt in this neighbourhood,
I
intend to quarter them at Brunsvnck,
Amboy, Elizabethtown, New-Ark, and about
this place, unless Congress should conceive it necessary for any of them In to be stationed at or more contiguous to Philadelphia.
such case they will be pleased to signify their pleasure. There will be very few of them after the departure of those who were engaged for the Flying-Camp, and which is fast The disposition 1 have mentioned seems to approaching. me well calculated for the end proposed, and also for their
accommodation. IN CONGRESS, November
15>th,
1776.
Resolved, as the opinion of this Congress, That if the Soldiers to be raised by the State of Massachusetts-Bay be
The movements and derstood.
designs of the enemy are not yet unVarious are the opinions and reports on this head.
From every information, the whole have removed from on the terms offered to them, which are more advan- Dobbs's Ferry towards King's Bridge, and it seems to be all hands that the investing of Fort tageous than what are offered to other Soldiers serving in generally believed on FIFTH SERIES. VOL. III. 43 inlisted
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
675
Washington is one object they have in view. But that Whether they can employ but a small part of their force. intend a southern expedition must be determined by time; to me there appears a probability of it, and which seems to be favoured by the advice we have, that many transports are wooding and watering. General Greene's letter would give you the substance of the intelligence brought by Mr. Alersereau from Sfaten- Island, in this instance, which lie returned before it came to me. Enclosed you have copies of two letters from General Howe, and of my answer to the Grst of them. The letter alluded to and returned yi his last, was one from myself to Mrs. Washington, of the 25th ultimo, from whence I conclude that all the letters which went by the Boston express
You will also perceive that have come to his possession. General Howe has requested the return of Peter Jack, a servant to Major Stewart, to which I have consented, as he was not in the military line, and the requisition agreeable This servant having been sent to to the custom of war. Philadelphia with the Waldeckers and other prisoners, I must request' the favour of you to have him conveyed to General Greene by the earliest opportunity, in order that he be returned to his master. Before I conclude, I beg leave not only to suggest, but to urge the necessity of increasing our field artillery very considerably. Experience has convinced me, as it has every gentleman of discernment in this Army, that while we
may
remain so much inferiour to the enemy in this instance, we must carry on the war under infinite disadvantages, and It has been without the smallest probability of success. the of to situation the country where their peculiarly owing and to the rough and operations have been conducted, strong grounds we possessed ourselves of, and over which they had to pass, that they have not carried their arms, by
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
mentioned to me of late the inadequacy of his pay to his trouble, and the great risk he is subject to on account of the He has large sums of money which pass through his hands. stated his case with a view of laying it before Congress, and obtaining a more adequate compensation. My sentiments are already known; but yet I shall take the liberty to add, that I think his complaint to be well founded, and that his pay, considering the important duties and risks of his office, by no means sufficient, and that the
upon the subject
seems to think it should be upon himself, appears and reasonable. just A proposition having been made long since to General Howe, and agreed to by him, for an exchange of prisoners, in consequence of the resolutions of Congress to that effect, I shall be extremely happy if you will give directions to the Committees, and those having the charge of prisoners in the footing he
several States south of Jersey, to transmit me proper lists of the names of all the commissioned officers, and of their non-
commissioned and privates, and their respective regiments. You will see by his letter, he supposes me to have effected some delay, or to have been unmindful of the proposition I had made. I propose to stay in this neighbourhood a few days, in which time I expect the designs of the enemy will be more disclosed, and their incursions be made in this quarter, or their investiture of Fort Washington, if they are intended. I have the honour to be, with great esteem, sir, your ,,, most obedient servant, ,-,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Head-Quarters, 8th November, 1776.
A
SIR:
servant lately attending upon Major Stuart, of the Forty-Third Regiment of Foot, named Peter Jack, is supposed to have fallen a few days ago into the hands of
When their artillery, to a much greater extent. these difficulties cease by exchanging the scene of action to a level, champaign country, the worst of consequences are
some of your
I would, therefore, with the be apprehended. concurrence of all the officers whom I have spoke to upon submit to the consideration of Congress whether the
in like cases.
means of
justly
to
subject,
to be taken for procuring a on all hands that each agreed respectable battalion should be furnished at least with two pieces, and that a smaller number than one hundred of three pounds,
immediate measures ought not It
train.
fifty
of
six
provided
pounds, and
in addition to
is
fifty
of twelve pounds, should not be we now have. Besides these,
those
some eighteen and twenty-four pounders are ordered, the The whole, train will be more serviceable and complete. if
should be of brass, for the most obvious reasons: they will be much more portable, not half so liable to burst, and when
they do, no damage is occasioned by it, and they may be The sizes before described should be parcast over again. if they are not, there will be great ticularly attended to; reason to expect mistakes and confusion in the charges in has frequently happened in the best The disparity between those I have regulated armies. mentioned, and such as are of an intermediate size, is
time of action, as
it
It is also agreed that a regiment of with approved and experienced officers, should be obtained if possible, and some engineers of known reputa-
difficult
to discover.
artillerists,
abilities. I am sorry to say, too ready an indulto several appointments in the latter has been had gence
tion
and
and that men have been promoted who seem to me to know but little, if any thing, of the business. Perhaps this train, &c., may be looked upon by some as large and expensive. True, it will be so but when it is considinstance,
;
ered that the
effected but
little in the course of the present campaign, will use their utmost efforts to subconsideration of that sort should jugate us in the next, every be disregarded, and every possible preparation made to
enemy having
How
frustrate their unjust and wicked attempts. That be procured, is to be inquired into.
to
they are
we cannot
provide them among ourselves, or more than a very small proportion, so trifling as not to deserv^ our notice, is evident ; therefore I would advise, with all imaginable deference, that without any abatement of our own internal exertions, application should be immediately made to such persons as can and may be willing to supply them. They cannot be obtained too early, if soon enough, and I am told they may be easily had from France and Holland.
Mr. Trumbull, the Commissary-General, has frequently
676
1776.
will
parties.
This man not being
the capacity
in
hope if found among your prisoners that you permit him to be returned to his master, as is customary
of a soldier,
I
beg leave
I
to
take this opportunity of remonstrating
against the delay on your part in the exchange of prisoners, after what has passed on that subject, for the execution of
must own myself the more anxious, as I understand your power are still exposed to the confinement of common jails. I am also informed that a few straggling soldiers lately fallen into your hands have been
which
many
I
officers in
sent into Jersey, instead of being immediately exchanged, which, after your agreement to this measure and the custom I had every reason to expect. am, with due regard, sir, your most obedient servant,
of war, I
W. HOWE. General Washington,
&tc., &tc.
Head-Quarters, November 9th, 1776.
SIR: Yesterday evening I received the favour of your letter of the 8th instant. Major Steivart's servant having never represented himself as a person not inlisted in your Army, he was considered as a prisoner of war, and sent as But upon your information that he was such to Jersey. not in the capacity of a soldier, I will give immediate directions for him to be brought back, that he may return to his master.
This servant was charged with a letter of a private and nature; but Major Stewart may be assured the contents neither were nor shall be permitted to transpire. I regret that it has not been in my power to effect the delicate
As soon proposed exchange of prisoners before this time. as the proposition was agreed to, I wrote to the Governours and Conventions of the different States where the prisoners were, to have them collected and sent to the most conveTheir nient places in the neighbourhood of the two armies. for their better accommodation has been situation dispersed the reason of the delay; at least I cannot ascribe it to any It has not arisen, sir, from any design on my otber cause. part,
and
I
am
persuaded the difficulty of drawing them
together must be evident to you, especially as suggested in some of my former letters.
As
it
was early
charge of your officers being confined in I had hoped that you were satisfied by my It is not my wish that assurances on this head before. the fortune severity should be exercised towards any whom to the
common
jails,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
677
of war has thrown or shall throw into our hands. On the it is my desire that the utmost humanity should be shown them. I am convinced that the latter has been the contrary,
There have been prevailing line of conduct to prisoners. instances in which some have met with less indulgence than could have been wished, owing to a refractory conduct and a disregard of paroles. If there are other instances in
which a strict regard to propriety has not been observed, they have not come to my knowledge, and if you will be pleased to point them out, and to particularize the names of the
officers, the
earliest
inquiry shall
complaint, and the cause removed,
if
any
be
made
into the
exists.
respect to the stragglers who have lately fallen into our hands, I cannot, upon the best consideration, discern how the agreement subsisting between us can be affected
With
by sending them to places from whence they may be easily collected upon a general exchange. That the custom gf war requires, or that the interest of our Army would admit of a daily exchange of prisoners, are points on which we are so unhappy as to differ in sentiment.
The
opportunities of conveying intelligence, and many other consequences flowing from such an intercourse, seem so very
obvious, that, upon further reflection, I flatter myself you will think with me on this subject. But if otherwise, it might have been exemplified on your part, in the immediate return
of such stragglers from our Army as have fallen into your hands, which would have justified an expectation of a similar conduct from us. I
am, jsir, with great
respect, &.C.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
Lieutenant-General
Howe.
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
SIR:
The
enclosed letter having been intercepted and brought to me, I am happy to return it, without the least attempt being made to discover any part of the contents. I was yesterday favoured with your answer to my letter
6'iS
you had ordered my servant to return, and promised that the contents of a letter found upon him should not transpire. Give me leave, sir, to return you my most sincere thanks for this which interests and application, politely
favour,
personally obliges your obedient and humble servant,
CHARLES STEWART. November.
11
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE. General Greene's Quarters, November 14th, 1776. SIR: As an exchange of prisoners is likely to take effect as soon as the nature of the case will admit, and as in the course of the transaction it may possibly happen that an to redeem their attempt may be made by the
DEAR
enemy
prison-
by men who were never engaged in our service, I must request you immediately to direct the Colonels or commanders of regiments in your division, to make out an exact list of the particular officers and privates who have been killed, ers
taken prisoners, or are missing,
in
the respective regiments
and companies to which thpy belong, specifying the names of the whole, and the time when each officer or was private
taken prisoner, or missing. This list, as soon as completed, you will transmit to Head-Quarters. I am, sir, your most obedient servant, killed,
it is
Go. WASHINGTON. Major-General Lee. P. S. I now enclose you a copy of the recommendation of the officers for the State of Rhode-Island, which was furnished by General Greene, and transmitted by me to Governour Cooke some time since. If the Commissioners have not yet arrived from thence, you will be pleased to direct the officers therein
Head-Quarters, llth November, 1776.
1776.
nominated,
who choose
to serve,
to recruit as fast as possible out of their own regiments, agreeable to the general orders isued at the
and
White-Plains,
before
my
departure.
[The same
of the 8th, and am perfectly satisfied from your assertion that the delay in the exchange of prisoners has not arose from any disregard to the agreement on your part, but from
to
Major-General Heath, except the P. S.]
GENERAL NIXON TO GENERAL HEATH. Phillips's
Manor, 14th November,
1776.
the neglect of those to whose care the arrangement of them has been entrusted. Give me leave at the same time to
The Committee from our State of the Massachusetts-Bay are now waiting for that arrangement of
observe, that this measure, naturally so desirable to the parties concerned, must be in a great degree interrupted if a
officers
general exchange should remain an object to the prejudice of prisoners near at hand, who, upon the shortest notice of their ranks or numbers, might be relieved by an equality of those in my possession and as I cannot foresee any objection to an exchange taking place immediately, so far as may ;
be conveniently effected, and as often afterwards as the prisoners more remote shall arrive, I am willing to hope for your concurrence in promoting the same.
You
are pleased to say the usage of
war does not allow which I can by no
of an immediate exchange of prisoners ; means agree to, the contrary being ever the custom of armies, between which an exchange of prisoners has been determined as far as the nature of business may permit. And
you have been pleased example of returning them, I am to inform you that no persons under that Such men as have description have fallen into my hands. lately been taken in arms, as well as those who have been in respect to stragglers from your Army, since to say I might have set you the
longer in confinement, are safely detained for the arrival of your prisoners, in consequence of assurances received from
you on
HONOURED SIR
They want an arrangement
and
send, at the request of Major Stuart, the enclosed letter; arn, with due regard, sir, your most obedient servant,
To
General Washington, &c., &c.
W. HOWE.
MAJOR STEWART TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. :
only to
complete seven
battalions from this department. And as there is another Committee gone to the Northern department, those officeis belonging to the regiments who are included in our ar-
rangement must be struck out and without your assistance it cannot be done, as I don't know who they be. I mentioned it to General Lee this morning, and he desired ;
me
to
send off immediately to your Honour to come
down
as soon as possibly.
Dear sir, I should be extremely glad you would come, the sooner the better, for I look upon it to be a matter of If the service would admit of it, 1 the uttermost importance. .would have waited upon your Honour. I am, dear sir, with the greatest esteem, your Honour's
most humble servant, JNO. NIXON. Major-General Heath. P. S. Mr. Blaney, from Roxbury, I understand, has got He arrived yesterday. a letter for you from your lady.
To the Hon.
that subject.
most undoubtedly could point out several instances wherein the King's officers have not been treated with the lenity and humanity they had a right to expect; but I am unwilling to dwell upon a subject of complaint, which I am fully satisfied will, as far as it lays in your power, be removed.
SIR
which you and I began and got partly through
with.
COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH.
I
I
:
I this
morning received a note from his Excellency me that, in consequence of his
the General, acquainting
Haverstraw, 14th November, 7 o'clock, P. M., 1776.
MAY
PLEASE YOUR HONOUR: I arrived with the two under my command in two hours after I left PeeTcsregiments Teams were engaged that evening by Colonel Hay, kills. but did not come to us till two o'clock this afternoon, and IT
many as to carry the tents and part of the other The remainder will go on to-morrow morning. baggage. The detachment, including the artificers and rangers, are on their way four miles from the ferry, and will reach the I was told at first to-morrow night. place of our destination I had fifteen miles to march from the Kills; after then only as
sailing
seven miles down the river, they tell me it is twenty miles. Colonel Hay, who is two miles on the road, says it is twenty. In short it appears like a Jack-with-a-lanthorn, that removes
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
679
from your approaches. It is with difficulty I can satisfy the people on the road that I have not lost my way, as they perceive me out of the current of the late marching troops. If I must depart from the British enemy, it is some consolation
to
me
that I
may come
as a barrier to the frontiers
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
680
1776.
He beef, but cannot say as to flour. a guide, and thinks be shall be able to The men are in good spirits, procure flour near our post.
can supply is
me with me as
going with
and n
I
am, with esteem, your Honour's most obedient
'
JED. HUNTINGTON.
the Indians; but to be serious, (you forgive the digression,) I will do the best to. answer your expectations.
Major-General Heath.
The Engineer, Machin, was with me this day, and will meet me on the day after to-morrow at the place. Colonel Hay
Colonel flay has been very kind and obliging, and hearty friend to our cause.
against
A Return of the Men in
Garrison at the Forts
ser-
MONTGOMERY and CONSTITUTION, November
14, 1776.
is
a
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
681
allowance upon the money received at your memorialist's 107 office during the year past amounts to no more than 19s. 3$d., New-York currency. That as the sum above-mentioned
would not admit of
his your memorialist's employing an assistant, he devoted whole time to it, and thus was prevented from engaging in
some more
lucrative
employment which required
less
con-
City of New-York, and under a necessity of keeping his office near Head-Quarters, he has been subjected, by the late frequent removals of the to leave the
expense, difficulties, and for every necessary exorbitant an price fatigues, having paid of life and been obliged for want of a horse, which could not be procured, to follow the Army from place to place on Continental
Army,
to extraordinary
That your memorialist flatters himself that should your Honours attend to the representation made, it will immediof 107 19s. 3^d., New-York ately appear that the sum no means a is currency, by compensation for his services but that, on the contrary, he must be a considerable loser. That he apprehends it to have been the design of Con;
gress that the Postmaster of so important and capital a district as that of New-York, should not diminish his private by his assiduity -in serving the publick, but that he
property should receive a decent maintenance from his office. Your memorialist therefore is induced to state his case to Congress, fully relying upon their justice for such further
allowance as to them shall appear to be a compensation for will render past services, and during the present exigency, as the office an object worthy of the same strict attention which has hitherto been paid to it.
And your
with a horse did not belong to
November
it
was have not
14, 1776.
department
me
EBENEZER HAZARD TO REV. JOHN WITHERSPOON. North-Castle,
November
14, 1776.
REVEREND AND DEAR
SIR: Confiding in your friendship, I make no apology for troubling you with the enclosed; but beg a little of your attention to it, and that you will be kind enough to favour me with your influence in support of an application which appears to me to be reasonable, and which, I doubt not, you will view in the same point of light. It is difficult to be sufficiently explicit in a memorial without justly incurring the charge of tediousness; I shall therefore be a little more particular now, with respect to such An applicaarticles as may appear to stand in need of it. tion to Mr. Bache, the Comptroller of the Post-Office,
He may,
first.
may
genteelly.
it
Howoffice,
oblige
him, and serve the publick, I submitted to this indignity, and the fatigue consequent upon it, although it was not my business, as a Postmaster, to follow the Army like a sutler.
Wherever an Army goes
demand for every article of the prices of them rise in prothe charge here that I am now the
greatly increased and
So extravagant
portion.
is
my own
at nine shillings expense per diem for servant's victuals only. Clothes, washing,
and
my
&c., are distinct
charges and proportionably expensive; so that what
1 have must appear very clear. Indeed those who know the expense of living in a city, will need no more than the bare mention of the sum I have received for the year past to convince them that it would not maintain me even in peaceable times, (the " incidents" then amounted to 1 1 6s., each 45 4s., per annum ;) and yet quarter, or this I must depend upon for a maintenance in these days of terrible extortion, as my whole time is so taken up by the
asserted in the sixth article
can attend to nothing else. However, 1 am confident that Congress will not the injure publick service by an ill-judged parsimony, but will support the dignity of office that I
their
own
officers,
and by a suitable
liberality
will
my
prevent
enable them
This encourto
hope
for
being a loser
by
serving the publick, and at the same time will afford me some compensation for my time and trouble. Should the memorial be referred to a committee of which you are not a member, it be to furnish them with
perhaps
this letter.
However,
may
proper
this I leave to
be favoured with a line, informing to be done respecting this matter.
to
you, and shall be glad
me what
is
done or
like
The enemy are retreating towards New-York. Those who were at Crown-Point have gone back, it is said, to Que-
We
can account for the extraordinary manoeuvres only by supposing them to be made in consequence of news from England; but what this is we cannot learn. Britain will derive no great honour from the exploits of her heroes
beck.
this
campaign. am, reverend and dear
I
sir,
yours affectionately,
perhaps,
EBEN. HAZARD.
mention my removal from New-York to Dobbs's Ferry, which I know he disapproved of; but my conduct in this' I imagine will be fully vindicated by the following resolutions, viz:
" In Committee of Safety
but those
;
should be said that I was unfaithful in my and to convince his Excellency of my readiness to
ever, lest
such an allowance as
the satisfy Congress respecting
his
treated
to attend diligently to their respective offices. ages me to lay the matter .before them, and
memorialist, &tc.
North-Castle,
682
which I am honoured, that I have been obliged to follow him on foot. I do not mean even to hint a reflection upon the General, whom I esteem and respect. Furnishing me
life is
foot.
1776.
these I have followed him ; and I am sorry I have reason to say, that so little attention has been paid to me as a gentleman, or respect shown to the Congress's commission with
whose business
finement.
That being obliged
NOVEMBER,
fee.,
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON. for the State of _
August
New-York,
30th, 1776.
)
Peekskill, )
"Resolved unanimously, That it is the opinion of the Committee of Safety, that Mr. Hazard, Postmaster for the district of New-York, should immediately remove his office to some convenient place near Dobbs's Ferry, till further orders from the Postmaster-General. "Signed by order:
" ABM. YATES, Jun., President."
November
14th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Being informed that the honourable Convention of the State of New- York have appointed a committee to receive the recommendations of such officers (now in the Army) as the General Officers of their own State may think best qualified to serve in the Army of the free United Slates of America in their next Army, from our intimacy for some time, and my constant observation of the conduct of the of my division, I flatter myself that you will not amiss if I should hint a wish that you would take notice
officers
Upon
the second article I shall only observe, that the
word "incidents" used in our quarterly accounts (I forget whether it is in the resolve of Congress) certainly can mean nothing more than those incidents which are usual in time of peace such as office rent, firewood, sealing-wax, &ic., and cannot justly be construed to include the extraordinary expenses occasioned by the present war, which could not have been foreseen at the time of the institution of a Post;
Office by Congress. quarterly accounts in the hands of Mr. Bache will The fourth is self-evident ; and the third article. the prove Congress will easily see the truth of the fifth. The neces-
My
of keeping the office near Head-Quarters arose from the importance of the General's despatches, and his being near the centre of the Army, who are almost the only persons for whom letters now come per post. The General has doubtless informed Congress of his different removals. In each of sity
take
it
of an officer who, I think, has done great honour to himself, to you, sir, and the State to which he belongs, and great service to the publick I mean your Brigade-Major Paw-
His modesty, integrity, assiduity in duty, and spirit, ling. so often discovered in own presence, compel me (from
my
a real regard to a good and faithful officer and the publick cause which stands in need of such gentlemen) to wish his promotion, and it will give me singular pleasure should it
You will excuse this, sir, when I assure you that happen. nothing but a desire that merit may be distinguished and the publick cause promoted, that has led me to mention this to you. I
am, dear
sir,
with esteem, your most humble servant,
W. HEATH. To
General George Clinton.
683
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
684
t
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO WILLIAM DUER. Peekskill, 14th
as a most useful, active, brave officer, well deserving the rank he now sustains in the Army. The character have
November, 1776.
you
DEAR
SIR: Agreeable to promise, 1 now enclose you a list of the officers of Colonel Dubois's regiment who served under my brother last campaign before Quebcck, and most of the summer in Those marked thus * have
my brigade. actually served under me, and 1 can with great justice recommend them to the Convention as active, brave officers. I
imagine should Colonel Dubois's regiment be continued,
would be most agreeable
to
them
to retain
it
their
present appointments ; if not, it will be a publick loss to leave them out of the service, and, in my opinion, it would be great
such of them as wish to continue in it. You have also a list of such of Colonel Dubois's officers who were not in the service to the northward last campaign, but have for some time past served under me with propriety and been useful officers. I can't with justice omit recominjustice to
mending
my
Brigade-Major Pawline,
Return of Regiment of Foot, in
in
a special manner,
service
COMPANIES.
heard of him from some of our General Officers, particularly from the Major-Genera! of the division in which I have served during the whole campaign, and whose certificate in his favour 1 now enclose you, will lead you to agree with me that if he can conveniently, he ought to be provided for in such manner as will induce him to continue in the service. I
have many other brave officers in my brigade, who have merit, and I doubt not but they would be willing to
much
continue in the service of their country in the military line; but as they have not been in the Continental service, I have
omitted mentioning their names, as
Convention means
first
to provide for room left for
case there will not be ments to be raised in this State. I
am, yours sincerely,
have been informed such as have; in which
I
them
in
the four regi-
GEORGE CLINTON.
of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, under command of Colonel GRAHAM.
685
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, & c NOVEMBER,
1776.
.,
Boston,
November
14, 1776.
some from interest, and others (whose interest is no ways concerned) from motives of humanity. As America is so very extensive, capable of supporting so many millions of inhabitant! more than she has at present, and as the
Thursday afternoon last came to town, and the same evening was committed to jail, John Dean fVhitworth, eldest son of Doctor Miles fVhitworth, now at Waltham. He, with a number of others, Tories, under the command
virtuous part of mankind love freedom, they will transplant themselves from the slavish dominions of
of the well-known Major Rogers, were taken prisoners in the lato skirmish at White-Plains. Saturday last arrived here, a prize brig, laden with fish, taken by the Captains Skimmer and and
Tucker;
Europe
to this land
whereby the
industry, the virtue, and the the world will centre in these free and liberty,
of
wisdom of
independent States of hope, such our prospect of happiness, not only for ourselves but for millions of others, by what name shall we call that folly which would abate your ardour and discourage your efforts to maintain the entire independence of America ?
buch being our
Friday
Marblehead a large prize-ship, having on board forty-eight hundred She was sent in quintals of fish. by Captain Hathorne. On Sunday arrived here a prize, taken by Captain Daniel Waters, laden with staves, bound from Nova-Scotia arrived at
last
686
field
A
for the West-Indies.
Boston,
November
SOLDIER.
14, 1776.
We
hear that Captain John Lee, of Salem, has taken another ship from London, a very valuable prize, and sent her into a neighbouring State.
COLONEL KURD TO MESHECH WEARE.
Yesterday the Captains Skimmer and Tucker returned here from a cruise, and brought in a brigantine from Erse, in Scotland, bound to New-York, ladened with a valuable cargo of woolens, shoes, &c., &c., said to be worth fifteen thousand
Haverhill, 14 November, 1776.
SIR: Since the receipt of a the Committee here
letter
who have
from your Committee to
the direction of the
Ranging
companies, they have ordered most of the men out upon the publick roads to work on such places as 'twas thought most needed repair, and they are yet so employed, except those who are had thoughts of kept out upon scouts. sending a number over to Ticonderoga, but by the latest intelligence, it is said the Army there have been so strongly reinforced by the Militia of all the neighbouring Counties, that our men could not be wanted. If they had been,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Pierre V. Cortlandt, Esq., Vice-President, Sic.
COLONEL WOOD TO GENERAL GATES.
who
has
be delivered you by Captain Bayard,
will
command
of the recruiting party.
please to supply with what
money you shall
Him you
will
think necessary
Should be glad you would send me an purpose. order on the Paymaster for money, to recruit at this place. Your Secretary, Mr. Clajon, has the papers relative to
for his
Captains Breslau and Haling, mentioning their being
unfit
for the service. I
much
should be
obliged to you
leave of absence, in
for
writing. I shall not think of leaving this place until matters are settled with respect to the enemy's coming, and my regi-
ment provided
Then
should be glad to join the recruiting parties at Philadelphia, to provide the recruits with
We
are
all
shall not
fail
to
necessaries.
occurs sir,
I
for.
quiet here.
communicate
If any thing material it.
your most obedient, humble servant,
Interim, remain,
Jos.
porting the credit thereof. I am, sir, with great humble servant,
respect, your Honour's
most obedient,
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
Hon. Meshech Weare.
In the
House of Representatives, November
That
16, 1776.
Honourable Tristram Dalton and Aaron Orne, Esquires, with such as the honourable Board shall join, be a Committee to meet Committees from the General Assemblies of the States of Connecticut, NewHampshire, and Rhode-Island, at Providence, in RhodeResolved,
the
the tenth day of December next, provided said Assemblies think proper to appoint such Committees, then and there to hold a conference respecting further emissions of Paper Currency on the credit of any of said States also on measures necessary for supporting the credit of the Island,
;
Ticonderoga, November 19, 1776.
SIR: This
SIR: I am directed to transmit an authenticated copy of a resolve relative to a Convention of the several States,respecting further emissions of paper currency, and for sup-
WOOD.
said Committee (if the publick Currencies thereof: And the Committees of the other States so met agree thereto) be empowered to communicate to the other United States of America the intention of their Convention, and urge that some measures be taken by them to the same purpose, and to give like information
to the
honourable the Continental
Congress, and propose to them whether the regulation of the Currencies is not an object of necessary attention, and to report as soon as may be.
And
it. is
Ordered,
That
the
Secretary immediately
transmit authenticated copies of the Resolve to the General Assemblies of the several States aforementioned.
Sent up
for
concurrence:
'
WARREN, Speaker. 1776: Read and concurred, J.
IN COUNCIL, November 16, and Thomas Cashing joined on the part of the Board. Consented to by the major part of the Board.
JOHN AVERY, Dep.
Sec'y.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
773
NEW-HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL WARD. State of
New-Hampshire,
in
Committee of Safety,
November
at Exeter,
19, 1776.
) $
a vote of by the enclosed copy of June last llth the on that No. our General Assembly, 1, on the Continental it was determined to raise a battalion
SIR
:
You
find
will
of the Continental establishment, agreeable to a resolve measure had have then would and pursued the Congress, not a requisition immediately followed to raise two battalions of Militia to recruit the Canada Army, therefore postponed In that matter until the Canada recruits were raised. taken up, as you will see by September the affair was again the were officers and No. the vote appointed to inlist 2, have been raised and on of which hundred four about men, two months. By hurry of business duty at our lines about for New- York, and many other contingenin raising troops
Sic.,
passed
"
exportation of Saltpetre, and to enforce the law for empowering his Majesty to prohibit the exportation of Gunpowder,
Arms and Ammunition, and also to empower Majesty to restrain the carrying coastwise of Saltpetre, Gunpowder, or any sort of Arms or Ammunition." And the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's Treasury, the Commissioners for executing the office of Lord High Admiral of Great Britain, the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, the Master-General of the Ordnance, and his Majesty's
or any sort of his
Secretary at War, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to
them may respectively appertain. STEPH. COTTRELL.
I am your humble servant, MESHECH WEAKE, Chairman.
In behalf of the Committee.
Portsmouth, November 19, 1776.
am
to exceedingly sorry to be obliged entreat your Honours to take into consideration the distresses of the soldiers inlisted in the regiment under my command.
Before
this
money
to
time
I
they expected
to
have received some
for the winter, Sic.; and I lay in their stores to have got them some of the Paymaster
expected Eastern department, to whom I sent, who said he But could not pay any unless ordered by General Ward. to him, the messenger was answered made upon application that he had no knowledge of us, therefore could not comply If they cannot get any it is impossible with the request. really
for the
for
me
to get requisite
CHARLES GRAHAM TO STEPHEN STEWARD. Lower-Marlbro', 21st November, 1776.
He says he can SIR: Mr. Forbes was at court. of thousand to ten beef, at the prices pounds twenty engage three and a half but it must three to mention, pence, you be for next week, as the people who have it will not feed it, and without feeding the beef will fall away now. He canYou must send salt and casks to not engage to cure it. There is a good deal of pork in that neightake it away. DEAR
COLONEL LONG TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY. :
774
the twenty-ninth year of his late Majesty's reign, An act to empower his Majesty to prohibit the
in
entitled
the sending the names of the proposed persons for field-officers to Congress has been omitted until now.
GENTLEMEN
1776.
or permission in that behalf first obtained from his Majesty or his Privy Council, upon pain of incurring and suffering the respective forfeitures and penalties inflicted by an act
cies,
Honourable General Ward.
NOVEMBER,
duty done,
I
having repeatedly told
them they would not be neglected. I am, with due respect, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant, p 1ERCE LON(JI
bourhood some ask three shillings, others say they will take market price. If you will give directions he will engage He has no one to assist in looking after the that too. curing of meat, and therefore any commission on the purchase will not make it worth his while to undertake that ;
part of the business. T. King carried your letter and the cash to Kinsey on Tuesday night. Mr. Forbes had no inclination to go to I shall be glad to hear from you, and you must Virginia. give Mr. Forbes notice to engage the beef.
Dear
sir,
CHARLES GRAHAM.
your ready servant,
Mr. Stephen Steward, West River,
Honourable Committee.
MAJOR DEAKINS TO RICHARD RIDGELY.
ORDER
IN COUNCIL, (ENGLAND.)
SIR: Samuel
Montgomery County, 2 November, 1776. Captain, and James Wal-
Wade Magruder,
the Court at St. James's, the 20th day of November, 1776. Present, the King's Most Excellent Majesty in
lace, First
Council.
Ninth Battalion, having resigned
Whereas the time limited by His Majesty's order in Council of the 21st of August last, for prohibiting the exporting out of this Kingdom, or carrying coastwise, Gunpowder, Saltpetre, or any sort of Arms or Ammunition, will expire on the 23d of this instant November: And
declining to act, the said company met and appointed John Johnson Captain, Jesse Wilcoxon (who was before their
At
whereas it is judged expedient that the said prohibition should be continued for some time longer, except in those cases where (for the benefit and advantage of trade, and use and defence of ships trading to foreign parts, and of the transports and victualling vessels employed in his Majesty's service) his Majesty, by his several orders in Council of the 13th and 27th of October, and of the 6th and 22d of November, 1775, of the 5th and 19th of Febof September last, ruary, and the 23d of August, and 25th lias thought proper to permit and allow the exportation of, and carrying coastwise, Gunpowder, Saltpetre, Arms and Ammunition, under certain conditions and restrictions menfor the
his Majesty doth therefore, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, hereby order, require, prohibit, and command that no person or persons whomsoever (except the Master-General, Lieutenant-General, or principal officers of the Ordnance for his Majesty's
tioned in the said orders
;
service) do, at any time during the space of three months, to commence from the said 23d day of this instant November, to transport into
any parts out of this Kingdom, or carry coastwise any Gunpowder, Saltpetre, or any sort of Arms or Ammunition, or ship or lade any Gunpowder, Saltpetre, or any sort of Arms or Ammunition, on board any ship or vessel, in order to transporting the same beyond the seas, or carrying the same coastwise, except in the presume
cases comprised within the aforementioned orders in Council of the 13th and 27th of October, and the 6th and 22d of
November, 1775, of the 5th and 19th of February, and the 23d of August, and 25th of September last, without leave
Lieutenant, of a Militia
company
their
in
the
Twenty-
commissions, or rather
Second Lieutenant) First Lieutenant, and Abraham Young Second Lieutenant. You will therefore please make out their commissions, and send them per first opportunity. I am, sir, your very humble servant,
To
WILL. DEAKINS, Jun., Second Major of the Twenty-Ninth Battalion. Mr. Richard Ridgely, Clerk of the Council of Safety,
Annapolis.
CAPTAIN STONE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, 21st November, 1776.
HONOURABLE SIRS
:
Last time
I
had the honour
to attend
took the liberty to represent the great hardships I should be under if my vessel should fall into the hands of the enemy, or be lost by any casualty or stress of weather
your body,
in
I
her passage to the West-Indies, or back.
As
I
am
in
no manner secured, and as your Honours would not give any security or satisfaction in case of loss, I was constrained to apply to Baltimore County Court for a writ of replevin, The writ of to endeavour to secure some indemnification. the Sheriff of this County to serve replevin was delivered to in consequence of which he went to the Point where my brig ;
execute the writ, accompanied by the and myself; when the Sheriff was most violently appraisers Martin, the crew, and others he had by Captain opposed to lay, with intention
collected for the purpose, threatening to shoot, wound, or who should come on board, destroy him or any other person
although
the Sheriff acquainted Captain
come on board
Martin
that
he
any illegal manner, but that he had a proper writ of replevin issued forth of Baltimore County Court. After the Sheriff had delivered the vessel
was not
to
in
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
775
hands on the gunwale, (which was the make delivery,) Captain Martin with could he manner only loose from the wharf, and carried vessel some others cast the to
his
me, by laying
her into the stream, at such a distance as put her out of
and
reach,
forcibly detains to inform your
still
her.
1
therefore
my
have whole
Honours of the to request you will permit no person immeand proceeding, to so grossly violate the civil authority, diately under you which you have declared should he held sacred and unvioAs Captain Martin has in this instance in a most luti'd. at defiance the civil authormanner darin-,' opposed and put will give the most immediate Honours f hope your ity, orders to him to deliver the vessel to me, or and thought
proper
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
776
1776.
HENRY HOLL1NOSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Head of Elk,
20th November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: By Captain Norris I have sent you a As 'tis now a long time since I have heard parcel of arms. from Mr. H'intr.rs, I have made so free as to trouble your Honours with them. Have sent the bill enclosed. I should have been down to Annapolis long since, had not the serbeen spent in) obliged (which my whole time has lately I hope in a few days to be so much at here but my stay of waiting on your Honours, liberty as to have the honour and flatter myself of giving satisfaction, and also to receive vice,
;
more full instructions relative to the large wall-pieces. Your Honours will observe that I have had two of them stocked positive without my one I thought fit to rifle, in order that you might form a not suffer him to depart the Province with her and not in a manner judgment which would answer your purpose best. The consent until the matter is settled under your own sanction countenance a proceeding of so musket-barrels are such as the last fifty I sent to Mr. Winit much distresses The bayonets I ters, which he acknowledges are excellent. repeat again that dangerous a nature. of but a view and after are as I can as this nothing taken course, me to have many changes and much good get made, of them has been ever have compelled me, as I saw trouble. The and should finishing expense securing myself filers no other remedy, to secure myself in case of accident. entirely out of my power, as it would require several and an overlooker to be with them, which I am by no means In hopes of your speedy and favourable answer, I have most obethe honour to be, with greatest respect, sirs, your equal to, as I have had half a dozen finished by a young WILLIAM STONE. man who offers to undertake some, and have sent them for humble servant, dient, Honours' inspection among the two hundred. If they of of the State of Council your the Safety To the honourable will do, suppose lean have some finished. Am going on as Maryland, Annapolis. usual with the large and musket-barrels and such bayonets P. S. Had I not been much indisposed I would have as those now sent. done myself the honour to have attended you myself. And have the honour to be your Honours' most obedient, humble servant, H. HOLLINGSWORTH. CAPTAIN NICHOLSON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. To the honourable Council of Safety of Maryland, Annapolis. Baltimore, November 21st, 1776. P. S. The arms are left at Mr. Rook's store. of the 17th ;
;
GENTLEMEN:
I received yours it) form you that
yesterday,
Mr. Turnbull returned four days since from the Eastern- Shore, where he has been detained by sickness. He thinks he will have the accounts
and have now
to
ready by Sunday or
Monday
next,
when
I shall
certainly
Annapolis with him to endeavour a settlement. Mr. Turnbull left Purser Morris very ill behind him. Was he here should bring him likewise; but as your suspicions have alarmed me, I shall lose no time in endeavouring to convince you I do not intend wronging the Province. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant,
come down
Bill
of Arms
sent to the Council
by Captain
Musket Barrels. To 200 Bayonets, 12 large Wall-pieces, chambor'd, do. 1 large stocked, iron mounting,
To 50
to
To To
1
do.
large
CUMBERLAND DUCAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Thursday, November
21st, 1776.
The
GENTLEMEN bearer, Captain Kelty, waits on you for some canvas to make a foresail for the schooner Ninety:
Two, which
sail
we now
It is a wanting. very great sail should be wanting, as it will
find
misfortune for us all that this cause a detention of two days longer to the vessel, and no he'll engage to complete it longer, as the sailmaker says after he gets the canvas in less than two days.
sail being now out of the way is Defence, who took all the Ninety-Two's sails a considerable time ago, on some occasion of putting them with many other sails into her gratings, and this sail is somewhere mislaid that nobody can tell where. I hope this stoppage will not do much damage, being in hopes that a
The
owing
reason of this
Philadelphia, :
have
I
in
it
November
20th, 1776.
charge from Congress to trans-
mit you the enclosed resolve, and to request your attention From the great importance of it in carrying on the to it. war against our enemies, I am persuaded you will take immediate measures for complying with it in the most
manner. have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient
effectual I
and very humble servant,
JQHN HANCQCK)
p ntident
.
Honourable Council of Safety of Pennsylvania. N. B. The vote of Congress was sent to the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania at the
same
time.
to the ship
foresail for this vessel, whose other sails are all old, will answer some good purposes however am willing to make an allowance for it that you may think just and reasonable. The last of the Ninety-Two's cargo left me last Monday, Her cargo is six hundred and being now entirely full. two of hundred barrels bread, one barrels flour, twenty hundred and forty-six kegs fine bread, twenty hogsheads tobacco, and about three thousand of your hogshead and barrel staves, invoice and bill of lading of which shall render you as soon as I get this foresail and the vessel away from here. Captain Kelty has shipped some people, and 1 have
new
;
that should not a better man offer put in a man for mate, send as master. This is a man whose family lives here, well attached to the cause, but do wish for a more active smart
however, Captain Kelty says exceeding well. ;
he seems
to
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO NEW-YORK AND NEW-JERSEY. Philadelphia,
GENTLEMEN:
have
it
20th, 1776.
in
winter to complete the Army agreeably to the new establishment. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most
obedient and very humble servant,
JOHN HANCOCK, Honourable Convention of New- York. [Same
to
President.
honourable Assembly of New-Jersey.]
behave
gentlemen, in great haste, as the bearer waits while I write, your most obedient servant, C. DUGAN. the honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
November
charge from Congress to forward the enclosed vote, and to request your attention to it. You will perceive therein the sense of Congress on the necessity of pursuing the most immediate and vigorous measures for furnishing the troops as soon as possible for the new Army. As our enemies will no doubt take the field early in the spring it becomes us to be prepared to meet them, and for this end, to exert ourselves the approaching I
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE STATES.
I arn,
To
brass mounting.
OF SAFETY.
honourable Council of Safety of Maryland, Annapolis.
GENTLEMEN
man
rifled,
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL
JAMES NICHOLSON.
Ihe
of Safety at ANNAPOLIS, November 20, 1776.
N ORRIS,
Philadelphia,
GENTLEMEN:
have
November
20th, 1776.
charge from Congress to forward the enclosed resolves, and to request your attention I
it
in
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
777 From
their great importance in carrying on the our enemies, I am persuaded you will take imagainst mediate measures for complying with them in the most
them.
to
war
effectual
You
manner.
herewith perceive from the vote of Congress, transmitted, the sense of that body with regard to the necesnew Army as soon as sity of furnishing the troops for the will
As our enemies no doubt will take the field early possible. in the spring it becomes us to be prepared to meet them, and
attention, by forwarding as soon as possible, and
complete the Army agreeably to the new establishment. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient and very humble servant,
1776.
778
them agreeable
to
the directions,
make such
provision for them on After they are the road as the Congress have allowed. to transmit an exact account of what are desired gone you
expenses have been incurred during their residence County, in order that they may be settled. By order of the Council
in
your
:
THOS. WHARTON,
To
approaching winter
for this end, to exert ourselves the
NOVEMBER,
fee.,
the
Committee of Inspection
Jun., President.
Lancaster County,
for
at
Lancaster.
to
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
To
the States of New- Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North- Carolina, South- Carolina, Georgia.
IN CONGRESS, November 19, 1776. Resolved, That Letters be immediately sent to Councils of Safety, Conventions, or Legislatures of Pennsylvania and the States to the southward thereof, desiring them forthwith to lay up magazines of Military Stores, Ammunition, and Salt Provisions, in the safest and most convenient places in the said States respectively, for the use of such Continental Troops and Militia as it may be necessary to bring into the field in the ensuing winter for the defence of these States. Congress deem it necessary, upon every principle of propriety, to remind the several States how indispensable it is to the common safety that they pursue the most immediate and vigorous measures to furnish their respective quotas of Troops for the new Army, as the time of service for which
Army was inlisted is so near may be left in a condition in
the present
country
new
defenceless unless supplied by
expiring that the a great measure
levies.
IN CONGRESS, November 21, 1776. As the necessity of obtaining an Army immediately to oppose the designs of the enemy is so evident and pressing as to render it proper to all
give
possible facility to that business
War Office, November
GENTLEMEN
be exchanged, you will be pleased immediately to give that all such prisoners in this State be forthwith sent under proper escorts to General Greene, commanding The officers should go separately from the at that fort. to
directions
Those
privates.
prisoners
who were
The Board would most earnestly recommend the most speedy compliance with their request, but are conscious that motives of publick concern as well as private humanity will induce you to fall upon immediate measures to relieve our distressed fellow-citizens from bondage, and restore them to their country and friends. I have the honour to be your most obedient servant, RICHARD PETERS, Secretary. Honourable the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania. CHESTER COUNTY
best promoted by inlistrnents for the war, business is not retarded thereby. By order of Congress:
if
JOHN HANCOCK,
captivated in North-
Carolina are not meant to be included. They should take the route directly from their respective places of residence to Fort Lee, and should not be suffered to pass PhiladelYou will be pleased to direct the Committees to phia. furnish you with accounts of all expenses disbursed for prisoners, which with those laid out by you and the late Committee of Safety of this State, you will transmit to the Board of War, by whose order I write on this subject.
:
Resolved, That each State be at liberty to direct their Recruiting Officers to inlist their men either for the war or for three years, upon the respective bounties offered by Congress, without presenting inlisting rolls for both terms, according to a former resolution, keeping it always in view that in the opinion of Congress the publick service will be
19, 1776.
General
Washington having very pressingly requested Congress that all British prisoners of war should be collected and sent to Fort Lee, in New-Jersey, :
(PA.)
COMMITTEE.
In Committee of Inspection and Observation for Chester
On motion,
Resolved,
)
County.
J
That Colonel Moore, Major Evans,
the recruiting
Major Davis, Captain Gardner, and Colonel Thomas, be, and are hereby, appointed to settle the distribution of the Money drawn for the use of the distressed families of Associators in this County Therefore the gentlemen who were
President.
appointed to contribute to the relief of such families, are desired to meet us at the house of Jacob James, in Goshen, on Friday, the 29th of November instant, at ten o'clock in
:
the morning, with their Accounts.
JAMES MOORE, JOSEPH GARDNER, WILLIAM EVANS, RICHARD THOMAS. CALEB DAVIS,
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
November
20th, 1776.
Agreeable to request from the honourable Congress, the Council have inquired into the affair respecting the escape of prisoners from the jail, and find nothing material, except some information from Mrs. Conolly, wife of Dr. Conolly, of an intended escape of her husband. Upon examination no person appears concerned with him. The Council represent that Mrs. Conolly, in consequence of revealing her husband's intentions, has been so ill used by him as makes it impossible to live with him but on the worst of terms, and therefore begs permission to go to her family at Pittsburgh.
This Board apprehend such liberty will not be attended ill consequences, and recommend her case to the hon-
with
ourable Congress. By order of Council
By
order of the Committee
:
CALEB DAVIS,
Secretary.
November
20, 1776.
SIR: Understanding the township of Heidelberg have a right to a quantity of salt, and 1 being a committee-man of the same, request you will send me up by the bearer, Hans
Rodt, wagoner, the complement due to us, together svith mentioning what quantity each family, or the head of each family, I
is
am,
entitled to.
sir,
your most humble servant,
HENRY P. HARDT.
To
:
THOS. WHARTON, Jun., President.
To
On motion, it was unanimously Resolved, That the Committee of Inspection and Observation for Chester County be dissolved, and they are hereby dissolved.
William Atlee, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of Lancaster.
the honourable Congress.
GENERAL MERCER TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 22d.] Elizabeth-Town, 20th November, 1776.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO LANCASTER COMMITTF.E. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
GENTLEMEN: Enclosed Board of
War
is
a
November
copy of a
letter
20, 1776.
from the
respecting the prisoners of war in this State, to the contents of which the Council request your immediate
SIR: Intelligence was brought me last night by a person has been some time in New- York, but commonly resides on Stolen- Island, that the enemy intend to reduce Fort Lee, and then to march through the Jerseys to attack the city of
who
Philadelphia.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
779
.
All the transports that draw the least water are preparing to take in troops. Their destination was only conjectured to be against Philadelphia or South- Carolina. The transports Houses are taken up in their quarters. carry fascines on New- York to barrack ten thousand men but it is given put, and firmly believed in the Army, that they will not go into ;
another attempt is made to reduce winter-quarters, before some part of the coast. The person who brought me the above intelligence is I hope to see him in two to return to New- York.
engaged to give days^ and be able then is said to be intended expedition
One
fuller
information.
to the
northward and the
An
I
have the honour
780
as your letter came express arrived this morning just a great number of the enemy had
The
fact
is
Their advanced party is said confidently believed. this place. from Their immemiles six or five within be to true, as
is
diate object is most probably to shut in our troops, &.C., beI trust tween the North and Heckenseck rivers. they will
His Excellency has been gone ever since be disappointed. the advice came, which has left me in the dark how to write 1 believe I have mentioned in short I must be done. you. He hinted as terms what he would have said himself.
much. am, dear General,
in haste,
yours,
ROB'T H. HARRISON.
your most humble servant,
To
HUGH MERCER.
The Hon. John Hancock,
1776.
landed between Dobba's Ferry and Fort Lee.
I sir,
NOVEMBER,
to hand, advising that
other to the southward. to be,
fee.,
Major-General Heath.
of Congress. Esq., President
WILLIAM GRAYSON TO GENERAL HEATH. Hackensack, November 20th, 1776.
WILLIAM GRAYSON TO GENERAL LEE. SIR: His Excellency has directed me to write to you, and acquaint you with the late movements of the enemy. Dobbs's Ferry and Fort They landed this morning between Closter Dock, nearly called a at it is as place imagined, Lee, to Philips' s house, and (as the General has been opposite and an advanced party of them informed) in great numbers, as far as a hill two miles above the liberty have
proceeded about a mile and an half above General Greene's pole, where I left his Excellency. The road leading quarters, from thence to the bridge above Hackensack, as well as the our troops to retreat and from present bridge, is open for it is expected they may be got off without appearances, the loss of many of them. What their object is cannot at be ascertained; but it is imagined the ;
clearly
present
of Fort getting possession
Lee
is
one
part of their
design
;
however, it is possible, and perhaps probable, they may have other and more capital views. His Excellency thinks it would be advisable in you to remove the troops under your command on this side of the
North River, and I
am,
semnt
Tp
sir,
me to write to you, and acquaint you of the late movements of the enemy. They landed this morning between Dobbs's Ferry and Fort Lee, General has been informed,) in great numbers, and (as the SIR: His Excellency has directed
Hackensack, November 20th, 1776.
there wait for further orders.
an advanced party of them proceeded as far as a hill two miles above the liberty pole, at the cross roads, where I left The road leading from thence to Hackenhis Excellency. sack bridge, as well as the bridge, is open for our people to retreat, and, from present appearances, it is expected they may be got off without loss of many of them. What their at present be clearly ascertained, but it is object is cannot imagined the getting possession of Fort Lee is one part of their designs;
however, and more capital views.
may have
other
You
will be pleased to hold yourself in readiness to march a moment's warning, and to forward this letter to Lord who are to make the same Stirling and General Stephen,
preparation.
am, with great
I
respect,
your most obedient servant,
W. To
GRAYSON, A. D. C.
Brigadier-General Mercer.
with the greatest respect, your most obedient
W.GRAYSON.
>
ROBERT
H.
SIR: Hacensec, November the 20th, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL: His Excellency received your favour of He doubts not but the disposition the 18th this morning. you have determined to make of the troops has been maturely weighed, and will be well adapted to the important purposes you have in view and the general security. I would submit it to you, whether the pass through the Highlands, on this You will side the river, should not be instantly secured. on reading the conclusion of my readily suggest the reason Your own discretion must direct the mode of emletter. ploying Colonel De Roussi and his detachment till you As General Parsons receive further orders on the subject. is a very judicious and good officer, and his presence may have a happy influence in the appointment of good officers. I can almost assure you the liberty you have granted him approved by
his
HARRISON TO GENERAL SCHUYLER. 177610 o'clock.
Hackensack, November 20th,
COLONEL HARRISON TO GENERAL HEATH.
The
possible they
at
Major- General Lee.
will be
it is
Excellency.
particulars of the
unhappy affair of the 16th, nor the terms of surrender, have not been yet obtained. One of the train who escaped on Sunday night says the enemy sustained a great loss in killed and wounded, especially
among the Hessians. Lieutenant-Colonel Rowlings, who was posted on the pass above the fort leading from King's Bridge, maintained his ground for a long time, (he said between two or three hours,) keeping up a close and heavy fire during that time. God grant it may have been a dearbought victory.
You
will receive the warrants. The complaint of the about their abstracts cannot be helped; none but one person can with any propriety draw warrants in the same
officers
Nor would the trouble be great if several were lodged with the Paymaster and went down to be signed at one time. If that mode is not pursued, it can only take a two days to complete the business. canagent trusty not have things as we svish; we must take them as they are found. Circumstances must govern always. army.
We
I this
morning received the honour of your
letter
The contents I comof the 13th instant by Mr. Bennet. municated to his Excellency, and have to inform you that there is no necessity for the balteaus you mention coming to Fishkills, all the troops belonging to the States south of Hudson's river, and which were in the Army under his immediate command, having already crossed, and there being a sufficient number of vessels there to answer such further As the transportation as may be necessary at this time. enemy have returned to Canada, his Excellency hopes no inconveniences will result from the return of the Pennsylvania and Jersey regiments at the same time he would have been more happy to have heard of their inlisting again, and He fears a similar conduct will continuing in the service. be observed by the rest. As the term of their inlistment is and he expired, they had a right to claim their dismission does not apprehend that an attempt to restrain or continue 'em against their inclinations, would have been attended with any valuable consequences. They may be here of some service from the present appearance of things their aid may be extremely seasonable, if they will give it. ;
;
;
In respect to the disposition you propose for quartering the troops, his Excellency doubts not but that it is perfectly good, and such as will be well adapted to their accommodation and the general security. The proceedings of the Court Martial upon Colonel
Camp-
Congress, and never returned to his we All have heard of the matter since is that, Excellency. by a resolve of the 16th ultimo, the commander in the northbell
were transmitted
ern department
he
is
to
desired to affirm or reject the sentence, as
judge proper upon mature deliberation. Before this reaches you, you will have heard of the loss of Fort Washington, and of the captivity of the troops who about two thousand. The particulars respectgarrisoned it ing this unhappy affair, or the terms of surrender, we have not I can only inform you that on yet obtained. Saturday, the 16th, about eleven o'clock, the enemy made a general attack shall
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
781
our men upon the lines on the heights, which having carried, retired within the fort; it being invested on all all sides, was The loss sustained on either side surrendered that evening. is
in
uncertain
some
but
;
we know
parts, particularly
the lines were
warmly disputed
on the pass above the
fort
leading
Stc.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
782
employed solely in the business of the General Hospital, making coffins, tables, and utensils of various kinds.
in
From the Quartermaster-General's store should be provided blankets, bed-sacks, platters, kettles, spoons, knives and forks, and other articles of the like kind.
Besides these several requisites, which depend not on the from King's Bridge. In that quarter the engagement was of long continuance and heavy, and by the information of Director-General or Superintendent of an hospital, it is necesone of the train who escaped" on Monday night, attended sary for the better management of the hospital, that all the The firing there Regimental Surgeons and Mates be kept to their posts, attend with a considerable slaughter of Hessians. lasted, it is said, and was incessant, from two-and-a-half to their regiment, and make weekly returns of their sick to the three hours. The artillerist adds, that Lieutenant-Colonel Director-General, when present, and in his absence to the who was posted in that part, maintained his Surgeon of the General Hospital, that provision be always Rowlings, ground a long time within three or four rods of the enemy, made in time for the sick to do which, it is necessary that and at length was obliged to give way on account of their the state of the sick be constantly known. It is further necessary that all the Surgeons of regiments be number and a constant succession of infinitely superiour His Major, Otho Williams, Esq., is reported to informed that the Congress have resolved, whenever the sick troops. have fallen. Our loss in killed is supposed to be incon- require any further provision than their rations, they are to be reported immediately to the General Hospital and received siderable. Ten o'clock. This minute an express from Orange-Town into it, and that no issuing store will be opened to supply the advises that some of the enemy have landed below Dobbs's sick remaining under their care with provisions from the smart firing is also heard below Fort Lee, to- General Hospital. Ferry. The weekly returns of the Regimental Surgeons to be in wards Bergen. It is probable the immediate object they have in view is to shut in such of our troops and stores as the form already given out to them and if any Surgeon ;
A
;
Hackensack and Hudson's river. I trust they be disappointed. They seem determined to push matand the weather is most favourable for 'em.
lay between will ters,
1 ara > sir >
To
&c
->
R. H. HARRISON.
Major-General Schuykr, Northern Department.
GENERAL HEATH TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Peekskill,
DEAR
November
20, 1776, 7 o'clock in the evening.
SIR:
I have just received intelligence from Tapan, that a by express, body of the enemy have landed on the west side of Hudson's river, nearly opposite to Colonel
Philips's house. If General George Clinton or General Scott are at Fishkill with
the honourable Convention or their
Committee, beg the favour that you would acquaint them with this, and desire them to repair to this place without a moment's loss
of time.
I am, sir, with esteem, your most obedient and very humble servant, XT u
W. HEATH. -,
Van
Cortlandt, President of the honourable vention of the State of New- York.
Colonel
Con-
neglect being punctual in giving in his weekly returns, he should be reported to the commanding officer.
That it may be known who are deficient therein, the Director-General or Surgeon of the General Hospital, should be furnished by order of the commandant with a list of the regiments, and the names of the Surgeons in that division. With every sick the Regimental Surgeon sends to General Hospital, there should be a report, joined with application for admission, addressed to the Surgeon of General Hospital, signed by the Surgeon or Mate of regiment, and by some commissioned officer belonging to
company
or regiment, specifying
when
and what was done; specifying, also, clothes, &.C., are sent with the sick. this
regularity
is
observed
it
the
the
the the sick was taken,
ill,
When
the the
what blankets,
will
be seen and
known who do their duty, and who not, so that when comthe sick being neglected it may be known plaints are made of whose door the fault lies. Agreeable to General Heath's desire, these things are pointed out, and a Surgeon with three or four Mates shall be ordered to Peekskill to improve and take care of the General at
Hospital.
JOHN MORGAN.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF DR. MORGAN TO GENERAL HEATH. Peekskill,
November
CONGRESS. 20, 1776.
Doctor Morgan proposes to General Heath the quarters be fitted up immediately for a General Hospital for the
In Committee of Safety for the State of New-York, Fishkill,
November
Committee of Safety, respecting the more
be floored above, so as to make two f stories each, and to have a stack of chimneys carried Ji-j g (up in the middle. If convenient quarters are not provided for the sick, and they cannot be obtained unless the Commander-in-Chief of the division gives orders and enforces them effectually, every attempt to establish an hospital will prove ineffectual.
tion of
=ji
to
To call for the establishment of a General Hospital for Surgeons to attend, and take care of the sick, and not to strengthen their hands, so as to enable them to do their duty, is the certain way of plunging them into insuperable difficulties, which must bring reflections on them, which it is not in their
power
to
wipe
off,
but by showing the defect
lies
not at their door.
Wherever a General Hospital is established, it is necessary that the Commissary in that department furnish the necessary hospital stores, in sufficient abundance, so that the Surgeon on drawing for them be immediately provided with flour or bread, fresh-meat, salt, vinegar, rum, soap, candles, vegetables, Indian-meal, oatmeal, barley, rice, chocolate, coffee, tea, sugar, wine, butter, &ic. It is also necessary where other attendants cannot be had, as nurses, waiters, labourers and cooks, out of the that fatigue men be appointed cient number.
J
effectual obstruc-
Hudson river. No object appears to them of more importance, when they consider either the safety of this State, the supply of the Continental Army, or the preservation of the communication between the Southern and Eastern States. Experience has evinced that if the navigation had
been rendered impassable opposite to Fort Washington, it must have been attended with infinite advantage; among which, even the security of the garrison, and military stores at that fort is not the most considerable indeed, it is no ;
of the presumption to suppose that after the fruitless attempt British Army to penetrate the country through the WhitePlains, they must have closed the campaign, at least in this Their success in quarter, with disappointment and disgrace. the evacuation of and revived their the fort spirits; reducing it opened a passage for them New-Jersey. In projecting the obstruction between Anthony's Nose, on the eastern shore, and Fort Montgomery, we endeavoured to avail ourselves of the model of that which had proved effectual in the river Delaware, and were assisted by the advice
Fort Lee
in
consequence of
into the defenceless parts of
suffi-
and experience of Captain Hazelwood. But the great length of the chain, being upwards of eighteen hundred feet, the bulk of the logs which were necessary to support it, the immense weight of water which it accumulated, and the
be made, and straw carpenter or two be
of the tide, having baffled all our efforts, it separated rapidity twice after holding only a few hours; and we have too much reason to despair of its ever fully answering the important
Army,
by the commander
It is further required that bed-bunks always in readiness, for the sick, and a
)
SIR: I have the honour to enclose you resolutions of the
reception of the sick at Peekskill.
They ought
20, 1776.
in
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
783
A like disappointpurpose for which it was constructed. ment, we are informed, happened at Portsmouth ; the chain intended to obstruct the navigation of that harbour proved equally ineffectual. These considerations have induced us to explore the depth of the river throughout the Highlands, in which a Committee
of Convention have been assisted by General George Clinton. The distance and depth of water at the north entrance, which, on this experiment, is found to be the Quest place, It is will be seen by the enclosed plan. proposed, with the approbation of the honourable Congress, to obstruct the navigation in this part by caissons, which it is conceived will be very practicable. The Convention wish on account of General Washington's distance from this place, and the with which he is encumbered, that multiplicity of business the direction of this work may be committed to Major-General Schuylcr, who we believe every way qualified to ensure Timber and stone can be conveniently procured; its success. and when the campaign terminates, the troops cantoned in this part of the country may be employed in rotation to But no time is to be lost in preparing assist in the work. 1
the materials, and we shall wait with anxiety for the determination of the honourable Congress on a subject which, in the opinion of the Committee, is of the utmost moment to If the enemy persevere in their plan of the United Stales. subjugating these States to the yoke of Great Britain, they must, in proportion to their knowledge of the country, be more and more convinced of the necessity of their becoming
masters of Hudson's river; which will give them the entire command of the water communication with the Indian nations, effectually prevent all intercourse
between the East-
ern and Southern Confederates, divide our strength, enfeeble every effort for our common preservation
That
security.
this
was
Carleton and General
their original plan, and that General flattered themselves with the
Howe
the project of enslaving America. The Committee take the liberty to submit these reflections to the
relinquish
honourable Congress.
If they are well founded, an early vigorous preparation to oppose the progress of the enemy
in this quarter must be indispensable, and the defence and security of Hudson's river, the principal object of that prepa-
NOVEMBER,
784
be made of the officer who, without any necessity, or General's permission, set fire to the court-house and other buildings at the White-Plains. He is guilty of the crime of
tee, to his
arson,
and
ought
to
if he cannot be punished by the articles of war, be given up to the laws of the land. If so glaring a violation of every sentiment of humanity should be passed over in silence, if the Army is not seasonably restrained from such acts of barbarity, the consequence must be fatal to the cause of a people whose exalted glory it is to be advocates for the rights of mankind against the tyranny and oppression of lawless power. The resolutions which the Committee of Safety have passed upon this are herewith
subject
transmitted. I have the honour to be, with great respect, obedient and very humble servant. By order:
sir,
Congress of the United States of America.
PASS FOR GYSBERT OSTERHOUT. Gysbert Ostcrhout, the bearer hereof, is hereby appointed one of the subalterns of the party sent to work at the Barracks at Fishkill, according to resolution of Committee of Safety for the State of New- York, of the 6th November, instant.
Dated 20th November, 1776.
ANTHONY VAN BERGEN, Colonel
of the
Militia Reg't in the County
States are pursuing the
be shipped, as
apprehended, from thence to If it is necessary to make Great Britain feel the Ireland. distresses of the war, by obstructing the manufacture of linen, this project will demand the attention of Congress and, in the opinion of this Committee, nothing less than the entire prohibition of the exportation of flaxseed will afford
France,
to
it is
;
an adequate remedy. Another very important advantage must arise from such a measure it will encourage the linen manufacture in these States, to which, of all others, they are the most competent. However severe the sudden reverse of fortune which we have lately experienced, however melancholy the loss of our metropolis, sea-coast, and four of our counties, and the aspect of that part of our State which has been plundered and desolated by a retreating enemy barbarous beyond all description and however great the number of our ruined friends who are left naked and destitute in an
of Albany.
COLONEL JACOB BAYLEY TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Newbury, November
some merchants in the Eastern scheme of transporting tiaxseed to
are informed that
your most
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT, President. The Honourable John Hancock, Esquire, President of the
ration.
We
1776.
wantonly destroyed, without the orders and to the infinite Besides, in spite of all his regret of our worthy General. Excellency's efforts, wherever our troops have marched, or been stationed, they have done infinite damage to the possessions and farms, and pilfered the property of the I people. am directed, sir, to submit it to the honourable Congress, whether some effectual remedy ought not to be provided The against such disorderly and disgraceful proceedings. soldier who plunders the country he is employed to protect is no belter than a robber, and ought to be treated accordingly; and a severe example ought, in the opinion of the Commit-
and and
delusive hopes of uniting their forces at Albany, every intelligence confirms; and it appears to the Committee that they will not give up this grand object until they shall finally
and
fee.,
GENTLEMEN:
20th, 1776.
am
sensible that the intent of raising the in this State was not only to secure the frontiers, I
Rangers any emergence, might be called to any post to assist and defend, &,c. Now, if our rangers have not what was engaged them, viz: bounty, six months' pay, and billeting, we have no right to command them, and if that payment is not made we must not expect them on any duty and if but, on
;
General Gates, who doubtless stands in need of them, should call for them, he must be disappointed. Where the blame however, it is my opinion, that the Major be lays I can't say paid according to his rolls, if authentick ; afterward he may be called to account, if he has been faulty, otherwise the whole had better now be dropped better now than when one or two months more time is spent to no purpose. Excuse me for this, and give me leave to inscribe myself the publick's and your very humble servant, ;
;
JACOB BAYLEY.
inclement season, a country without commerce, or the means I have the satisfaction to assure of affording them clothing, you that the fortitude of this State, and their zeal for the
HICHARD STOCKTON AND GEORGE CLYMER (COMMITTEE) TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
on glorious cause in which we are engaged, is not abated the contrary, we are prepared to meet even severer misfortunes, with a spirit and firmness becoming the generous advocates for liberty. Unhappy am I to add, that amidst all our suffering the Army employed for the protection of America have not refrained from embittering even the calamities of At a time when the utmost resources of this State war.
did ourselves the honour of writing SIR: you on the 26th of last month from Saratoga; and after waiting in vain a few days, in expectation of advice from General Gates, agreeable to his letter to us of the 24th, we thought it our We conduty nevertheless to proceed on to Ticonderoga.
were
of sharing
Albany, November 20th, 1776.
;
to their wants, and the members of Convention personally submitted to the labour and fatigue which laid
open
were necessary on a sudden emergency, and after frequent losses of provisions and barracks, to supply two numerous armies, augmented by the Militia, with every article which they required, the court-house and the remains of the village at the White-Plains, which had been spared on the retreat of our forces, was, after the enemy had in their turn retired,
We
tinued there during the first two days, in hourly expectation in the glory of our Army in a successful opposition to the attack of General Carleton, but we were disappointed, and instead thereof, had the pleasure of
that he had totally evacuated
Crown-Point.
Of
knowing
this
great
event you will have received authentick accounts before this can reach you. We returned here the evening before the last, and tins morning we received from General Gates the enclosed letter, together with some despatches for ourselves.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
785
The letter he requested might be immediately forwarded to We are acquainted with the contents of it, you by express. and had a conference with the Commissioners from the Massachusetts-Bay, in company with General Gates, before we left Ticonderoga. We did not fail to represent to them in the strongest terms our apprehensions of the fatal consequences of the measure adopted by their General Court, and advised them by all means to suspend the declaration of their powers until Congress should be advised of this extra-
We
left them apparently undetermined, and ordinary step. as to what has followed, General Gates''s letter will fully inform you.
Having gone through the business committed
to
us
by
Congress, as far as it has been in our power, we propose to set out to-morrow on our return, if the weather shall permit;
mean
in the
honour
to
time, with the greatest respect,
be,
sir,
moment fresh accounts from General Gates inform us that he had sent boats forty miles down Lake Champlain, and no appearance of the enemy. COLONEL WAYNE TO GENERAL GATES. Ticonderoga, 20 November, 1776.
MY DEAR GENERAL We shall be hard pushed for time and :
materials, to put this place in however, nothing will be
have
SUMMONS OF THE COMMANDING OFFICER OF THE AMERICANS TO THE GOVERNOUR OF FORT CUMBERLAND.
To JOSEPH GORHAM, ant of the
this
any tolerable state of defence; wanting on my part to render it morning prevailed on the commanding
of the regiments (who can't get batteaus immediately) to turn out the whole of their men to assist in fixing the pickets, whilst those from the garrison are employed in officers
FORT CUMBERLAND: The already too plentiful
little to fear when once we get into the works, a by keeping good look-out, provided we are .properly supplied with provisions, clothing, soap, &c., Sec., articles which you know are much wanted. I need say no more on this head. Colonel White has given his honour not to challenge or offer any violence to Captain Varick, until their friends have had an opportunity of settling the affair in an honour-
able way. I wait impatiently for your orders rely
how to proceed, which on being punctually observed, by your most
obedient and very humble servant,
CJ" You'll is
Colotry to relieve us as soon as possible. his way across the lake, and liberated,
on
according to your orders.
PROVIDENCE (RHODE-ISLAND) TOWN-MEETING. a town-meeting of the town of Providence, legally warned and assembled on the 20th day of November, A. D. 1776, Colonel Jabez Bowen Moderator. is
Voted, That Colonel John Mathewson and Theodore
Foster, Esq., be, and they hereby are, appointed to wait upon George Taylor, Esq., President of the Town Council, to
know whether he
has, or
is
willing to subscribe the Testmake report as soon as
Act, as required by law; and to
may
be.
prisoners of war, you may depend upon being treated with the utmost civility and kindness ; if you refuse, I am determined to storm the fort, and you must abide the
An
answer
and the
am
I
is
expected
in four
consequences. hours after you receive this,
flag to return safe.
your humble servant,
JONATHAN EDDY, Commanding
Officer.
Head-duarters, November 20, 1776.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GOHHAM's ANSWER TO THE ABOVE SUMMONS. Port Cumberland, November 20, 1776. I acknowledge the receipt of a letter signed Jonathan Eddy, commanding officer, expressing a concern of the unhappy contest at present subsisting between Great Britain and the Colonies, and recommending those engaged on
either side
to
use
endeavours to prevent
their
the
too
human
blood, and further summoning the commanding officer to surrender this garrison. From the commencement of these unhappy contests I
have
deluded fellow-subjects and countrymen of the many innocent people they have in the horrours of an unnatural rebelinvolved involuntarily lion, and entertain every humane principle and aversion to the unnecessary effusion of Christian blood; therefore command you, in his Majesty's name, to disarm, and recommend your surrendering self and party to the King's mercy and further desire you would communicate the enclosed manifesto to as many of the inhabitants as you can, and as felt for
my
for
;
speedily as possible, to prevent their involving themselves in the same dangerous and unhappy dilemma.
Be assured, sir, I shall never dishonour the character of a soldier by surrendering my command to but any power
That Captain David Lawrence and Captain Joseph Bucklin be appointed to wait upon Job It
the
your command to the army sent under me by the States of America. 1 do promise that if you surrender yourselves as
America, and
At
It
in
necessary, and its consequences, though in some cases But to evidence that the shocking, are yet unavoidable. virtues of humanity are carefully attended to, to temper the fortitude of a soldier, I have to summon you, in the name of the United Colonies, to surrender the fort now under
plentiful effusion of
ANT'Y WAYNE. nel White
human blood
on every one engaged on either side to use the utmost to prevent the unnatural carnage; but the importance of the cause on the side of America has made war
have
you may
effusion of
efforts
procuring provender, boards, bricks, &c.
We
Royal
Esq., Lieutenant- Colonel CommandFencible Americans, commanding at
calls
Mr. President Hancock.
I
Job Sweeting.
said
unhappy contest between Great Britain and her Colonies
P. S. This
tenable.
786
The town thereupon proceeded to choose others in their room. Colonel Jabez Bowen is chosen President of the TownCouncil, in the place of George Taylor, Esq., aforesaid ; Benjamin Mann, Esq., is chosen a member of the TownCouncil in the place of the said Job Sweeting ; Mr. Paul Allen is chosen one of the Town-Audit, in the place of the
the
KICHARD STOCKTON, GEORGE CLYMER.
1776.
the same, whereby their said offices according to law are become vacant:
your most obedient and most humble
servants,
To
we have
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
is
also Toted,
Sweeting, Esq., to know whether he has, or is willing to, subscribe the Test-Act, and to make report as soon as may
that of I
To
my
Sovereign, from
am you humble
whence
it
originated.
servant.
T JOSEPH GORHAM. ,-,
Jonathan Eddy.
be.
And the said Colonel Mathewson and Theodore Foster, reported that they have been to the house of George Taylor, Esq., and he not being at home, they could not see him. And the said David Lawrence and Joseph Biicklin report that they have waited upon Job Sweeting, Esq., who returned them for answer that he would presently attend this
MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. In Council of Safety,
the said Job
Sweeting, Esq., who is a member of the I own-Council, and one of the Town-Audit, havin^ appeared before this meeting, and refused to subscribe the Test-Act, and the town having received sufficient information that
George Taylor, Esq., had VOL. HI.
FIFTH SERIES.
also refused
21st, 1776.
express to Virginia.
town-meeting.
And
November
SIR: Your favour of the 15th, by express, we only received this forenoon, and immediately sent off a fresh
subscribing
50
Despatches have been sent to the Militia officers throughout this State to hold their different corps in readiness to rnarcli upon the shortest notice. It gives us concern to find, from information just now received from Dorset and Caroline Counties, on the East Shores, that there are likely to be disturbances in those
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
787
Counties, for want of salt, it is said, of a serious nature. The progress the disaffected have made \ve have not time transmit
to
this
by
we
messenger, but
without detaining your duplicates of the informa-
opportunity shall send
received to our Delegates by to-morrow's post, who probably will arrive in Philadelphia almost as soon as this
we
tion
bearer. I have the honour to your most obedient, humble servant, DAN. OF S. THO'S JENIFER, President.
For. and on behalf of the Council, be,
sir,
in this city
Philadelphia,
November
You
your attention
to
them.
vote of Congress the sense perceive from the of that body with regard to the necessity of furnishing the a copy of troops for the new army as soon as possible, which I have forwarded to the respective States agreeably will
I have also written to the States to the orders of Congress. southward of Pennsylvania, inclusively, urging them to lay up magazines of military stores and salt provision, for the use of the Army and Militia, in case it should be necessary
to call
them
enemies
the approaching winter.
As
open the campaign early
in
into the field
doubtless
will
our the
it is absolutely necessary we should prepare for them, and exert ourselves to fill up the Army agreeably to
spring,
new
the
establishment.
The
Congress, to remove every objection, and in hopes of forwarding the recruiting service, have resolved that the troops may be engaged for three years, without presenting inlisting rolls, both for that term and during the continuance
of the war, as ordered by a former resolution. I have the honour to be, with every sentiment of esteem and regard, sir, your most obedient and very humble ser-
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
His Excellency General Washington. The enclosed letter from Mrs. Graydon for her son I should esteem a favour you would order to be conveyed, if
any opportunity.
JOHN GIBSON,
JUN.,
Treasury
TO COUNCIL OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Office, Philadelphia,
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN justing
the accounts of the
Jerseys under the
now engaged diate
in
want of
command
November
21, 1776.
The Commissioners for Army at New- York and :
ad-
the of General Washington, are
executing that business, and are in immethe accounts of advances made by the
all
several States for paying am therefore to request
erable distance from the fort;
and subsisting the said Army. 1 you to order an account of such
have the
I
or the Jerseys. honour to be, in the
name
of the Superin-
tendent of the Treasury, honourable gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
JOHN GIBSON,
To
the honourable the President
Jun., Auditor-General.
and Council of the State
As soon as breastwork, or forces, to oppose them. the enemy was discovered, a body was sent to oppose them. Of the British troops, there were there were
two hundred privates killed, and twenty-seven and wounded. Of our troops only thirty privates, and a Colonel Baxter, and a Captain Miller, of Pennsylvania, killed. Twenty-two hundred of our troops officers
to
killed
are prisoners.
The
was victualled for three months, and amply supcannon and all military stores. If this account be true, we have again blundered. Our loss is certainly Doctor Rush says that General Washington very great. is abandoning Fort Lee. All is well at I have this Ticonderoga. evening received an exact account of the enemy's naval force on Lake Champlain: One ship, 16 guns; one snow, 16 do.; one schooner, 14 do.; one do., 12 do.; one do., 12 do.; one sloop, 10 do.; bomb-ketch; one large floating battery, 24 10-pounders; twenty gondolas, of one gun each, 12 and 10-pounders; fifteen batteaus for boarding, one gun in each, 3-pounders; manned with one thousand men. I have seen your opinion to our Commissioners, that they should proceed and inlist our troops for three years. I am apprehensive you do not see the opinion and object of Confort
plied with
gress in
its
fullest
Maryland may declared, and
The Congress will agree that her troops for three years, but have hold, our State bound to contribute her extent.
raise
now
proportion of the expense attending the procuring of lands for the officers and soldiers furnished by other States for
the war.
We
have proposed and urged on Congress that the quesprocuring lands at the expense of the United States, and our claim that the back lands acquired from the Crown of Great Britain in the present war, should be a common stock for the benefit of the United Slates, and should remain open for the determination of some future tion as to the
Congress.
We
have proposed that any State which may raise its war and give a bounty in lieu of land should the United States from any claim from their indemnify officers and soldiers who received an allowance in lieu of land, and that such State should not be chargeable to the United States for any part of the expense attending the procuring of lands for the officers and soldiers of the other quota
for the
who shall furnish troops for the war. Both these propositions have been rejected. This day a resolve passed that each State be at liberty to inlist for the war or three can
What
I advise
our Commissioners will do I know not, nor I am amazed at the them. obstinacy of Con-
gress.
The
paper
for
our
money
arrived this morning, so that
is
shipped
we
are
this
day.
Mr. Paca
now
represented; but shall soon be without
Mr. Rumsey should go to camp, we a representation. I am, gentlemen, with respect and regard, your most obedient servant, r. , if
SAM L CHASE.
To the honourable Council of Safety of Maryland, Annapolis.
of New-Hampshire. [Same
far
movement of
years.
William Denning, Thomas Smith, and James Stephenson, Esquires, or either of them, at Head-Quarters to
New-York,
by
lines,
the accounts are prepared you will please to order
at
that the second (and
At this time a large body of Hessians crossed Harlem river and landed within the second lines, there not being any
States
When
That Fort Washington could not contain any
:
the strongest and capable of holding all the garrison) much nearer to the fort. Our troops were posted chiefly in the first lines, and were there attacked by the British troops.
advances by your State to be forthwith transmitted to the Commissioners, that the proper stoppages may be made and the State reimbursed accordingly.
them
788
only forty privates and one Captain killed; of the Hessians
21st, 1776.
SIR: I have the honour to transmit the enclosed resolves in obedience to the commands of Congress. They are so explicit that I shall only request
1776.
thing near the number of our troops ordered for its defence. That there were two lines thrown up, the first at a consid-
this
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
thePresident and Council of the State of Massachusetts-Bay.]
DOCTOR WITHERSPOON TO RICHARD STOCKTON. SAMUEL CHASE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Philadelphia,
November
21st, 1776
Thursday evening. GENTLEMEN: Congress have not received any further particulars of the loss of Fort Washington than the account published November 19th. Captain Ramsey arrived here afternoon. I am informed by Doctor Rush that he relates the affair in this manner, from Colonel
this
Cadwalader, by the enemy without any parole, on the request of General Prescott, for the civilities and attendance of his father (the Doctor) on the General when a prisoner
who
is
released
Princeton,
SIR:
I
November
21, 1776.
beg the favour of you when at Philadelphia to
lose as little time as possible in getting some orders given about the sick. In passing through this town I spoke to John Hill two days ago, who promised to take care of them, provided some money was sent up for the necessary I gave him reason to think that would be done, expense. and perhaps it would be best to give some money into Mr. Kelseifs hands to supply John Hill as it is needed. Whether it should be done in this way, or the appointment
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
789
I immediately of a Deputy Quartermaster to stay here, and and clamant very leave to you but the case is affecting, 1 have left some little affairs 'to finish well known to you. in Philadelphia, for which I may perhaps be in a day or two next week, but cannot be certain. There was sent to me this day the enclosed list of medi;
ordered
cines
for
tending
the
sick,
they are
if
which,
seems Doctor ^Bainbridge, whom I did not see, furnished, You may do in this as you think has offered his assistance. and shelter to them are attendance and but best; nursing it
To
Brunswick, November 21st, 1776.
SIR
:
I
have
this
moment
received a
letter
from
Colonel Grayson, informing that General Washington had received information that the enemy had landed a large body of men on the west side of Hudson's river, about four miles above Fort Lee; in consequence of which I am in this State in readiness to march at putting all the troops But from what Major Mentges, the a moment's warning. bearer hereof, informs me, I think there is room to doubt whether the intelligence be well founded ; however a few
hours will determine whether I
it
be so or not.
am, with great respect, your most obedient, humble STIRLING.
servant,
To
will expect the Continental support they can, and, failing in this, upon or support a force from which no It is, therefore, of the utmost protection is given to them. importance that at least an appearance of force should be
that this country, therefore,
to give what will cease to depend
Army
made
to
others. its
this
keep
Province
in
the connection
If that should not -continue, it is influence on Pennsylvania would
much
to
be very consider-
and more and more endanger our publick
able,
with the be feared interest.
Unless, therefore, some new event should occur, or more cogent reason present itself, I would have you
some
move
As to the first, report will exaggerate them, and preserve an appearance of an army, which will at least have an effect to encourage the desponding here; and as to the other, you will doubtless represent to them, that in duty and gratitude, their service is due where-
enemy make
ever the
the greatest impression or seem to
intend so to do.
The stores at North- Castle, Croton Bridge, and King's Ferry, are to be removed to Peekskill, so as to be under General Heath's eye. This, we hope, there will be time and means
to do.
Colonel Putnam,
who
has been surveying the country,
thinks the bridge at Croton river a very important place, and that troops would be necessary there. You will please to regard it accordingly, by leaving or ordering one regiment there.
Hon. John Hancock.
the
790
agreeable to the troops.
LORD STIRLING TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
DEAR
1776.
I am sensible your over by the easiest and best passage. numbers will not be large, and that, perhaps, it may not be
Hon. Richard Stockton, Esq.
the
NOVEMBER,
My reasons for this measure, and which I think must have weight with you, are, that the enemy are evidently changing the seat of war to this side of the North River;
that
absolutely necessary. dear sir, your Wishing you a good journey, I am, humble servant, obedient, Jvo WJTHERSPO ON.
&c.,
I
am,
sir,
with great respect, your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE. Hackensack, November
DEAR GENERAL:
To
must be painful to you, as well as to send you but of a melancholy Yesterday morning the enemy landed a large body of troops below Dobbs's Ferry, and advanced very rapidly I immediately went over, to the fort called by your name. and as the fort was not tenable on this side, and we in a narrow neck of land, the passes out of which the enemy were to us, to nature.
It
1
A
We
have artillery have fallen into their hands. account of their movements this morning; but as this
some
no
country
almost a dead
flat,
we have
not an intrenching tool, and
not above three thousand men, and they much broken and not only with our ill success, but the loss of their dispirited, tents and baggage, I have resolved to avoid any attack, though by so doing I must leave a very fine country open to their ravages, or a plentiful store-house, from which they will draw voluntary supplies. Your favour of the 19th is just come to hand. I approve of your step with respect to the Rhode-Island officers. As I am unacquainted with their merits, I was obliged to leave the determination of the matter much to General Greene, I confess,
hoping,
that he
would make an arrangement ac-
However, I am well satisfied ceptable to his countrymen. with what you have done, and must leave it upon that footing. With respect to your situation, I am very much at a loss what now to determine. There is such a change of circumstances since the date of your letter, as seem to call for a change of measures. Your post will answer undoubtedly
some important purposes; but whether so many or as your removal,
is
well
so great
worthy of consideration.
You
prevents a fine fertile country affording them but now they have one much more so and more supplies; contiguous. They have already traversed a part of that observe,
it
Is it country, leaving little behind them. probable they If not, the distance must be too will return ? great in winter time to render it effectually serviceable. Upon the whole, therefore, I am of opinion, and the gentlemen about me concur in it, that the publick interest comino
requires your
with the Continental troops, leaving Fefto take care of thestores during their short stay, at the expiration of which I suppose they will set out home.
over to lows's
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GOVERNOUR LIVINGSTON.
have no news
attempting to seize, directed the troops, consisting of Beall's, Heard s, the remainder of Swing's brigades, and some other parts of broken regiments, to move over to the west side of considerable quantity of stores and Hackensack river.
is
Major-General Lee.
21st, 1776.
this side,
and Wadsworth's brigades
Aquackenonk Bridge,
SIR: I have
this
moment
21st
November, 1776.
arrived at this place with
Gen-
and General Heard's brigades from Maryland and Jersey, and part of General Ewing's from Pennsylvania. Three other regiments, left to guard the passes upon Hackensack river and to serve as covering parties, are expected up this evening. After the unfortunate loss of Fort Washington, it was determined to evacuate Fort Lee in a great measure, as it eral Beall's
was in a manner useless in obstructing the passage of the North River without the assistance of Fort Washington. The ammunition and some other stores were accordingly removed but before we could effect our purpose, the ;
enemy landed yesterday morning,
in very considerable numbers, about six miles above the fort. Their intent evidently was, to form a line across from the place of their landing to Hackensack bridge, and thereby hem in the whole garrison between the North and Hackensack rivers. However, we were lucky enough to gain the bridge before them, by which means we saved all our men, but were obliged to leave some hundred barrels of flour, most of our cannon, and a considerable parcel of tents and baggage. Finding we were in the same danger of being pent up between Hackensack and Passaic rivers that we had been between the North and Hackensack, and also finding the country, from its levelness and openness, unfit' for making a stand, it was determined to draw the whole of our force over this side of the river, where we can watch the operations of the enemy without danger of their surrounding us, or making a lodgment in our rear. But as our numbers are
very inadequate to that of the enemy, I imagine I shall to fall down towards Brunswick, and form a in that quarter under the comjunction with troops already mand of Lord Stirling. As the term of the inlistment of the Flying-Camp, bestill
be obliged
and Maryland, is near longing to Jersey, Pennsylvania, so great a diminution of my Army expiring, it will occasion your judgment whether it would not be such a number of Militia as, you proper in conjunction with the troops I shall have left, will serveto cover the country, and stop the progress of the enemy
that
1
submit for
it
to
to call together
If the weather they should still attempt to penetrate. continues favourable, I am apprehensive they will attempt if
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
791 to
make amends
for
the slowness of their operations tho
beginning of the campaign. I have the honour most obedient servant,
To
to be, with great respect,
sir,
your
GQ WASHINGTON.
lie.,
NOVEMBER,
792
1776.
them to provide a proper fund for their support. As to the scanty allowance of provisions, I would hope that it proceeded from the state of General Howe's stores, and not
to
from any desire
in
him
to
add famine
to
the misfortune ol
captivity.
Governour Livingston, New-Jersey.
I
am,
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON.
&ic.,
To Colonel Samuel
J. Atlee, Pennsylvania Militia, prisoner.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO COLONEL ATLEE. Head-Quarters, November
21st, 1776.
SIR I am favoured with yours of the 9tli instant. I can so well conceive the desire that persons in captivity must feel for releasement and a return to their friends, that I do not wonder at your anxious endeavours to procure your own. If Mr. Thomas Irving, Receiver-General of South- Carolina, can receive (who I do not look upon in the military line,) assurance from General Howe that he will exchange :
any you
This prohim, I certainly can have no objection. to General me from with cannot Howe, propriety go position because by the terms of our cartel, exchanges can only be but either side proposed between officers of equal rank; deviate from the rule if they please, as was the case for
may
Broivn for Brigadier Lord Stirling. If, Mr. Irving can obtain General Howe's and therefore, you consent for your reciprocal exchange, I will, immediately upon receiving his approbation of the measure, send for Mr.
of Governour
Irving, from Connecticut. In consequence of a joint letter from you and Colonel Miles, respecting the deplorable condition of our prisoners in for want of clothes and other necessaries, I have the matter before Congress, and have recommended it
New-York, laid
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM GENERAL LEE TO COLONEL REED, DATED NOVEMBER 21, 1776. I
have just received your
letter
dated
Hackemack, by
Cornelius Cooper. His Excellency recommends me to move with the troops under my command to the other side of the river. I apprehend that this advice is founded on the pre-
sumption that we have the means of crossing at or near Dobbs's Ferry, or that my corps is moved up the country near to King's Ferry. There are no means of passing Dobbs's Ferry ; and as we remain where you left us, the round by King's Ferry would be so great that we could not be there in time to answer any purpose. I have therefore ordered General Heath, who is close to the only ferry which can be passed, to detach two thousand men, to apprise his Excellency, and await his further orders, a mode which I flatter myself will answer better what I conceive to be the spirit of the orders than should I move the corps from hence. Withdrawing our troops from hence would be attended with some very serious consequences, which at present would be As to myself I hope to set out totedious to enumerate. morrow.
Return of the Brigade commanded by Brigadier-General GEORGE CLINTON, dated PEEKSKILL, 21s< November, 1776.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
793
JOSEPH REED, ADJUTANT-GENERAL, TO GENERAL LEE. Hackensack, November
21st, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL The letter you will receive with this my sentiments with respect to your present station; :
contains
most earnestly this, I have some reasons for scene of action is wishing to have you where the principal I do not mean to flatter nor praise you at the expense laid. of any other, but, I confess, I do think that it is entirely and the liberties of America, that this to but besides
owing
Army
you
gular in officers
every gentleman of the family, the and soldiers, generally, have a confidence in you.
my
The enemy be
opinion
:
and constantly inquire where you are, when you are present.
seem
to
less confident
Colonel Cadwalader, through a special indulgence on account of some civilities shown by his family to General Prescott, has been liberated from New-York without any He informs that the enemy have a southern expediparole. tion in view; that they hold us very cheap in consequence of the late affair at Mount Washington, where both the plan of If a real defence defence and execution were contemptible.
was intended, the number was too few; if the General garrison was too numerous by half. seconded own by representations judgment, Washington's from us, would, I believe, have saved the men and their arms; but unluckily, General Greene's judgment was contrary. This kept the General's mind in a state of suspense till the stroke was struck. Oh, General an indecisive mind is one
of the
lines
fort only, the
!
how of the greatest misfortunes that can befall an army often have I lamented it this campaign All circumstances considered, we are in a very awful, wisdom and alarming state, one that requires the utmost :
!
firmness of mind.
As soon
as the
season will admit, I
think yourself and some others should go to Congress, and form the plan of the new army, point out their defects to
on them to bend their whole attention to this great object, even to the exclusion of every If they will not, or cannot do this, I fear all our exother. ertions will be vain in this part of the world. Foreign assistance is soliciting, but we cannot expect they will fight the whole battle. I intended to have said more, but the express is waiting, and I must conclude with my clear and explicit opinion that them, and,
if
possible, prevail
your presence is of the last importance. I am, with very much affection and regard, your very affectionate,
humble servant,
JOSEPH REED, Adjut. Gen.
I expect to be stationed the bridge to prevent their passing. winter. Have orders to build barracks for
my
men, which
warm
but very
doing with logs. They make homely Your uncle David was glad I
Susquchanna.
am
in
Camp
DEAR
at Philipsburg,
November
21st, 1776.
SIR Before the unfortunate affair of Fort Washit was my opinion that the two armies that on the ington, must rest east and that on the west side of North River each on its own bottom that the idea of detaching and reinforcing from one side to the other, on every motion of but to harbour such a thought the enemy, was chimerical :
;
;
In this our present circumstances is absolute insanity. invasion, should the enemy alter the present direction of their operations, and attempt to open the passage of the in
Highlands, or enter New-England, I should never entertain I a thought of being succoured from the western army. know it is impossible. must therefore depend upon
We
To
ourselves.
for assistance.
Connecticut and Massachusetts, I shall look The time of service of the men who com-
corps under my command is near expiring. troops are well clad for a winter campaign. Should they attempt when the winter sets in to open the communication of the Highlands, or enter New-England,
pose the
little
The enemy's
know not what we have to oppose 'em. Some means must be devised to raise your regular battalions, for as to
I
your Militia, they are grown more detestable than ever, not from the bad quality of the men, for they are certainly good, but from the wretched character of the officers, particularly the lower sort, who want every attribute of soldiers and citizens. They want spirit, patience, constituIf your men tion, integrity, and publick virtue of course. run away you may be assured that the way is led by the
There are, notwithstanding, some worthy subjects amongst 'em, but the bad preponderates so enormously that I must little confidence can be placed in your Militia. officers.
repeat, therefore, that I hope not only the legislative body, but the whole gentlemen of the New-England Provinces, will exert themselves to forward the completion of the For Heaven's sake, sir, contrive to Continental regiments. send us some blankets, otherwise we must dissolve away I hope the cursed before the time of our natural death. : the job of Fort Washington will occasion no dejection
value. For my own part I am peronly act with common sense, spirit, and decision, the day must be our own. Adieu, dear sir, and believe me to be, most respectfully,
place
itself
suaded that
was of no if
we
yours,
CHARLES LEE.
the President of the Council of Massachusetts.
WILLIAM BRADFORD TO MESHECH WEARE. General Lee's Quarters, November 21, 1776.
November, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: By General Heath's order, I have sent to your care one Sergeant McClowd, who is a prisoner of war; was taken on the 17th
instant, nigh the enemy's camp. have him so taken care of that whenever a change of prisoners shall take place he may be had. I am, gentlemen, with respect, your obedient and humble will please to
servant,
To
am
habitations.
GENERAL LEE TO JAMES BOWDOIN.
CONNECTICUT.
You
I
to sleep in them in his journey to good health.
COLONEL E. HUNTINGTON TO THE COMMITTEE OF LITCHFIELD, Peekskill, 21st
794
at this place all
To
Major-General Lee, at the White-Plains.
1776.
ark Bay, about ten miles below Hackensack town. We hear to-day that the enemy are at Hackensack new bridge, two miles below the town, and that our Army have taken up
so far as they are dependent on it, are not totally cut off. You have decision, a quality often wanting in minds otherwise valuable; and I ascribe to this our escape from York-
bland, from King's Bridge, and the Plains ; and I have no of Mount Washingdoubt, had you been here, the garrison ton would now have composed a part of this Army: and from all these circumstances, I confess I ardently wish to see you removed from a place where I think there will be little call for your judgment and experience, to the place where they are likely to be so necessary. Nor am I sin-
NOVEMBER,
Sic.,
E. HUNTINGTON, Assistant Adjutant-General. the Committee of Safety of Litchfield.
MAY
IT
PLEASE TOUR EXCELLENCE
:
Hurry of business
He at present prevents the General from writing himself. has desired me to apologize for the same, and to inform of the your Excellency that there is the greatest probability a deserter having enemy's paying you a visit very soon, from the enemy, who declares 'twas in orders just come embark this day. Their design is, we imagine, should they to obtain secure winter quarters for themselves and shipping. best intelligence we can get, Yesterday they landed, by the about five thousand, in the Jerseys, four miles from Dobbis The particulars, since they landed, we have not Ferry. This manoeuvre don't look like embarking, but learned.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM COLONEL JEDEDIAH HUNTINGTON TO HIS SON, DATED CAMP, 21sT NOVEMBER, 1776.
the deserter appears so confident in his assertion that the General thought proper to acquaint your Excellency of it
I am now at Sidman's bridge, on Ramapough river, in the Precinct of Haverstraiv, Orange County, New-York, twenty miles in a southwesterly direction from Pcekskill, on
immediately, I am, sir, with respect, your obedient, humble servant,
Hudson's river, twenty miles from Hackensack town, which lies on the river of that name, that empties itself into New-
WILLIAM BRADFORD, Aid-dt-Camp
By
General Lee's orders.
to
General Lee.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
795
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HEATH. Camp
Philipsburg,
November
21st, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL:
I yesterday received your note, for thank you but had before received the intelligence of the enemy's having landed in the Jersey. Colonel Reed has written me a short billet that I do not well underof the I shall be stand.* obliged to you for some account
which
I
;
condition and progress of your barracks, and what number of men they are or will be capable of lodging, and what is as of the state of your defences, should you be attacked likewise your numbers, and how they are stationed. If you have any sketch of the country, be so kind as to favour me with it and am, dear General, yours most sincerely, ;
;
NOVEMBER,
fcc.,
1776.
796
necessity of doing it without delay, not only from the probto seize them, but from the ability of the enemy's attempting
advanced season, which
admit of any spade-work be daily expected) sets in. Lose not a moment therefore in choosing the grounds on the east and west side of the river, on which your intended works are to be erected. Let your men for each post be speedily after the frost
(which
will not
may
allotted," &c. After instructions so positive and pressing, you will readily agree, that it would be very improper in me to order any ot
the troops from posts to which they are so expressly assigned, and from business which in his Excellency's view is so very
Add
important.
to this, their present disposition
is
such,
any thing near the number you mention would occasion as great delay, and cause many of them to march that to collect
CHARLES LEE. General Heath, Peekskill.
far, as if sent immediately from your quarter. am, dear General, with esteem, yours respectfully,
nearly as I
W. HEATH.
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HEATH. Camp, November
DEAR GENERAL
I
:
21st, 1776.
have just received a recommendafrom the General to move the
HENRY OUTHOUDT TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
not a positive order
tion
corps under my command to the other side the river. This recommendation was, I imagine, on the presumption that I had already moved nearer the Peekskills. There is no possibility of crossing over Dobbs's Ferry, or at any place lower than King's Ferry, which to us would be such an immense round that we could never answer any purpose. I must therefore desire and request that you will order two thousand of your corps, under a Brigadier-General, to cross the river, apprise the General, and wait his further orders.f As soon as we have finished a necessary job I will replace this number from hence, which job will, I believe, be finished to-morrow. I
General Lee.
am, dear General, yours,
that
CHARLES LEE.
of your favours of
rate, in the
night.
this
division, with
such
troops as are
now
at Forts
Montgomery, Independence, and Constitution, are to be under your command, and remain in this quarter, for the security of the above posts and the passes through the Highlands from this place and the one on the west side of HudUnnecessary it is for me to say any thing to evince the importance of securing the land and water communication through these passes, or to prove the indispensable necessity of using every exertion in your power to have such works erected for the defence of them as
your own judgment, assisted by that of your Brigadiers and Engineer, may show the expediency of. You will not only keep in view the importance of securing these passes, but the " November 20th.-^Tust at evening an express, which General Heath had sent down to General Washington before he had any knowledge of what had happened, returned with a most alarming account of what he had seen with his own eyes, viz: that the Americans were rapidly and the British as retreating, rapidly pursuing. The Adjutant-General \_Reed] wished to write to General Lee, but he had neither pen, ink, or paper, with him. The Light-Horseman had a rough piece of wrapping paper in his pocket, and the Adjutant-General had an old pencil. Unnging these two together, he wrote to General Lee: " Dear General, we are flying before the British. I pray" and the pencil broke. He then told the Light-Horeman to carry the paper to General Lee and tell him (hat h* verbally ordered to add, after I pray, " you push and The Light-Horseman, when he arrived at General Heath's was both fatigued and wet. He requested that one of his brother horsemen might proceed to General Lee; but he was told that no other could discharge the duty enjoined on him by the Adjutant-General, and General Lee might wish to make many inquiries of him. He was therefore refreshed and pushed on. General Lee, instead of moving his or division, any part of it, wrote General Heath by the returning exthe
WM
letter.
Heath.
receiving this letter from General Lee, (for General Heath did
uructions Irom General
Lu
the
dare to
find
Army.
articles
mentioned
in
We
have, although we lately received the notice of our appointment, made all the inquiry in our power whether we could purchase any of the said articles, and find that we can get the following, to wit: shoes at the rate of twenty shillings per pair; woolen
hose from ten to twelve shillings per pair ; felt hats from ten to twelve shillings each ; mittens from three shillings and six
and
pence; check from thirty-two making; coarse woolen cloth, linsey-woolsey, and blankets, not to be had in our
pence
to five shillings
six
the Convention. If any of the above articles will suit at the rates mentioned, for the value of five hundred
we suppose we can purchase
pounds, and have them ready to be delivered to any person Should the appointed for said purpose within a short time. honourable Convention resolve to order us to purchase for any sum, we should be glad to have the money sent to us by the first safe opportunity, with directions of Convention in the premises.
With due esteem, remain,
To
to see if
he
Washington make any detachment; upon which he wrote General
following answer to his
letter.
Heath
the President of the
sir,
your humble servants,
HENRY OUTHODDT, ANTHONY VAN BERGEN. Convention of the State of New-
York.
ton's river.
it
County of Albany, sundry
said resolution, for the use of the
receipt
My
following
we
others are appointed to purchase at the cheapest
As the prices of the above articles are much above the common price, we have not engaged any except a few pair of mittens, until such time as we could receive advice from
day's date, the former of which I had answered early in the evening. With respect to the latter, upon having recourse to my instructions, I find they are such as not to admit of moving any part of the troops from the assigned to me, unless it be by express orders from his Ests tcellency or to support you in case you are attacked. instructions, among other things, are as follows:
tUpon
we and
21, 1776.
last,
district.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL LEE. Peekskill, November 21st, 177610 o'clock at DEAR GENERAL: I am now to acknowledge the
press,
By
November
a resolution passed the 9th October
to forty shillings per shirt, beside the
General Heath.
"Your
Catskill,
SIR:
GENERAL SCHCYLER TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 7th December.] Saratoga, November 21st, 1776. SIR: Generals Gates, Arnold, and Bricket, arrived here yesterday. Being informed that very few of the men would reengage unless they had furloughs granted them to return home, and that the greater part would not engage at all before they got into the States from whence they came, and apprehensive that the garrisons to the northward would with difficulty be detained after the expiration of the term for which they were inlisted, I called a council of General Officers on the subject, the determination of which I do myself the honour to enclose, together with copy of my orders in
But as I am still apprehensive that a sufficient number of troops will not reach Ticonderoga by the last of December, without some other spur, I could wish that Congress would order the different States to hasten their consequence thereof.
up to such places as I have directed. Colonel Wigglesworth, who went with the flag, is returned. Enclose you a copy of a scandalous paper delivered him. He brought with him Sergeant Younglove, of Dayton's, who was taken near Oswego in August last. troops
the
saw was
Younglove says are certainly gone into winter-quarters; that lie Sir John Johnson at Montreal a few weeks ago ; that he afterwards informed that Sir John had sailed for New-
enemy
York.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
797
November 24th. Colonel Warner was with me some months ago, and showed me a copy of a resolution of Conto be raised, and gress appointing him Colonel of a regiment
As I had not the least applied to me for money to recruit. information from Congress that such a regiment was to be raised, I declined giving him a warrant until I should receive Mr. Sherman waited orders from Congress. time after, as Paymaster to the regiment, to
me some whom I gave
upon
same answer; and this morning Colonel Warner and Mr. Sherman again called upon me on the same business. As Congress have not sent me any orders on that head, and as I do not know that the State of New- York has appointed him to one of the four regiments to be raised therein, I have
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
798
will order to march under one of your fieldsuch time as that they may reach Ticonderoga if possible by the first of January, to relieve part of the garrison of that place. You will please send me returns every of the state of your regiment, that I may be enabled fortnight to take measures for sending other troops to the northward in case there should be a deficiency from your quarter.
December, you officers in
I
am,
&.c.,
FH. SCHUYLER.
the
again declined to order him money until I receive the resolution of Congress through the proper channel.
Notwithstanding the resolution of the Board of General Officers mentioned in the former part of this letter, I have ordered General Gates to detain the troops at Albany until I receive information from
General Washington of
his situa-
tion, as it may be necessary to send the troops down there. I wish, however, there may be no occasion, as it will greatly
retard the recruiting for the new Army. As I cannot without the consent of Congress leave this
department without a General Officer, I have ordered General Gates to remain at Albany, the others being already gone down. Enclose you two papers put into my hands by the Pay1 master-General of this department. really think there is reason in the observations made in them, and it is beyond doubt that his duty is much more than that of the Paymaster at New- York ; and as he is a gentleman of strict honour and delicate feelings, I think the publick should not lose him, therefore hope for something in his favour.
25th.
I
have
this
moment
GENERAL PHILIPS
ORDERS RELATIVE TO FLAGS OF TRUCE.
boat from Ticonderoga, called a flag of truce, sent back with the persons who came in it.
be
may It
is
unnecessary to say more to these people than to repeat that his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief does not permit flags of truce, or any communication with the American
The Rebels, unless coming to implore the King's mercy. Rebels in this boat to and made these not return, allowing prisoners, is an instance of the clemency of his Majesty's officers to these unfortunate people, but it is recommended them to be careful how they venture within the posts of the Army, as they will be treated as spies. Camp at St. John's, November 15th, 1776. to
W.
PHILIPS,
To
M. General
the Naval department
Captain Schanks, commanding be sent by him to Lieutenant Longcroft; and a copy of this may be given to the Rebels. at St. John's, to
GENERAL HERCHKEIMER TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS.
and
received the account of the
S
The
Canajoharie,
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN
:
I
November
21, 1776.
recommend Captain John
Van Dyke's
loss of
Eisenlord, of Colonel
SerVant '
gentleman for his rank and station, and would be glad if he would be nominated and appointed as a Captain in the new arrangement during war, by your Honours' I am convinced that he will behave choice and authority.
Fort Washington, and shall send the troops that are passed and passing, to the Commander-in-Chief, as he may stand in need of them. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient, humble
To
the
PH. SCHUYLER.
further satisfactory to the States in general, as well as to
our County
Hon. John Hancock.
regiment, as a well
qualified
in
particular.
am, respectfully, honourable gentlemen, your obedient, humble servant, I
At 1776
a Council of War, held at Saratoga, the 21st November, Present, the Honourable Major-General Schuykr, :
Major-General Gates, Brigadier-General Arnold, BrigadierGeneral Bricket. Resolved, unanimously, That there is great reason to believe that very few of the soldiers now in service will reengage, either during the war or for three years, unless they are permitted first to return to the different States in which they were inlisted ; and that as the term for which the troops now in service are engaged will expire on the last day of December next, that it will be prudent and of the greatest advantage to the publick service that all, except such a number as is sufficient to garrison the fortresses in the northern
department, should be immediately sent to their respective States, with orders to recruit with all expedition, agreeable to the resolutions of the honourable Continental Congress and to send all the recruits so to be raised, under proper officers of the respective corps they may belong to, in such time as to arrive at the places to be assigned for their quarters on or before the first of January next, to relieve such as may remain, and whose term of inlistment will then expire. ;
rHILIP bcHUYLER, HORATIO GATES, B. ARNOLD.
J.
LANSING, Jun., Secretary.
Saratoga,
As
November
the honourable
Committee of Convention
arrangement of Continental service, York.
for the
in the State
new
of New-
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM QUEBECK, DATED NOVEMBER 21, 1776.
On Friday the
night last General Ca.rle.ton arrived here from with the fol-
Army, and on Monday he was waited on
lowing Address by a committee of gentlemen appointed for that purpose by their fellow-citizens:
To
his
Excellency Sir
GUY CARLETON, Knight of
the
Bath, Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Provinces of QUEBECK, General and Commander-in-
Chief of his Majesty's Forces, fyc., fyc., SfC.: IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY: We, his Majesty's faithful and loyal subjects, the gentlemen, merchants, and citizens residing in Quebeck, most sincerely congratulate your Excellency on the signal victory obtained by the forces under your command over the Rebel fleet on Lake Champlain. Impressed with a just and lively sense of the excellence of our glorious Constitution, we are determined under all
MAY
circumstances to preserve it inviolate. Firmly attached to our most gracious Sovereign, and truly sensible of the inesti mable blessings we enjoy under the protection of his Gov-
we behold with sorrow and indignation the mad of factious men on either side the Atlantick, by attempts whose diabolical machinations the greatest part of this Continent is plunged into the horrours of a civil war. With grateful hearts we acknowledge that the peace and ernment,
GENERAL SCHUYLER's ORDERS. SIR:
NICHOLAS HERCHKEIMER.
To
21st, 1776.
the term for which most of the troops now in at garrison Ticonderoga, and other posts above, will expire on the last day of December next, and it would be extremely imprudent to leave any of the upper posts with less troops than are now assigned to them, you will march your regiment (whose term of inlistment also expires on the last
we now enjoy
tranquillity to the determined
is
resolution,
owing (under Providence) steady perseverance, and
unshaken constancy, which, during the tedious siege of this in every part of your Excellency's conduct. If city, shone we, on our parts, have been in any degree conducive to the
day of December) to the State of New-Hampshire, and there recruit the same with the utmost What- preservation of the garrison, we are happy in the reflection expedition. ever number you may have recruited about the latter end of of having done an act of duty to our King and country.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
799
We
will
take the liberty to request your Excellency assure our most gracious Sovereign, that we will, to the utmost of our power, on every occasion, with our lives and
and support his Royal person, and Government. Permit us also to add our gratulations on your safe return to this city, where we truly wish you may enjoy, without domestick blessings of interruption, those endearing and which you have been so long deprived, by the duties inseparably annexed to your publick character.
fortunes, protect, maintain,
_his family,
those, and those
Address, which was signed by
[To this who assisted
in the defence of the garrison Excellency returned the following Answer:] GENTLEMEN: I return you thanks for this
last winter,
only, his
affectionate Address.
You may
assure yourselves
it
and
will not
less
subjects
whose actions have so well evinced the
sincerity of
their professions. will
on every occasion exert the the King and Governto which you were so
same ardour and spirit in the cause of ment, as was so manifest in the trial lately put.
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety, Hartford, November 21st, 1776: Present, his Honour the Governour, the Deputy Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, Wm. Williams, William Hillhouse, Thomas Seymour, Benjamin Huntington, Esquires. Appointed officers to supply the places of those that
now
refused to serve in the eight Battalions
to be raised for
Continental service.
Hartford,
Honour the Governour,
November
his
22d, 1776.
Honour
the
Dep-
uty Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, Wm. Williams, Wm. Hillhouse, Thomas Seymour, Benjamin
Huntington, Esquires. Voted, That the General Officers from
this State, together Regiments, now to be
with the Colonels of the Continental for Continental service, be desired
raised
to arrange the Captains, Subaltern, and Staff Officers, appointed by this State to serve in said Regiments, in due order, and make
return of their doings to his
Honour the Governour, that the same may be considered and established by this Board.
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO JOHN LANGDON. Newport, November 21st, 1776. SIR: I wrote you a letter some time ago, acquainting you that it appeared to a Court-Martial that Captain Bowden, of the brig Royal Exchange, had some hand in forwarding a mutiny on board, and for you to stop his adventure until that matter was cleared Since the Captain has up. been here, and declares his innocence, and I wrote to him by Captain Whipple, that whatever he gave him an order to receive should be satisfactory to me; but on seeing Cap-
Whipple and the officers belonging to the fleet, they do not seem satisfied with giving him money however, should think it but humanity for you to supply him with three or four hundred dollars, to enable him to subsist while here, and it will be agreeable to me and I do not think the I Congress or the people of the Navy will take it amiss. am now almost ready, and expect to sail in a few days in the mean time, I am, with great respect, sir, your humble tain
;
;
;
servant,
HOPKINS.
To John Langdon, in the State
of
for
Esq., Agent New-Hampshire.
;
18 dozen plain shirts 57 dozen check shirts 3,052 yards blanketing 74 dozen plaiding breeches 100 dozen plaiding waistcoats; 7 dozen milled waistcoats; 16,429 yards osnabrigs 2,436 yards white and blue napped 18 cottons; 1,525 yards dowlass; 25 reams writing paper dozen worsted caps 1 16 pounds sewing thread 994 yards bed ticking; 231 yards brown Holland; 100 dozen printed handkerchiefs; 19 dozen check handkerchiefs; 77 table14 pieces cloths; 1,989 yards sheeting; 205 yards diaper long lawn; 7 pieces cambricks; 231 pounds nun's white thread; 36 pounds whitened-brown thread; 192 pounds osnabrigs thread; 112 pieces printed cloth; 54 dozen fine thread night-caps 9 dozen cotton ditto 33 pounds white 6 dozen men's shambuck breeches 6 dozen thread, sorted 5 dozen grounded lamb ditto 27 casks nails, ditto, lamb sorted; 10 boxes candles; 30 boxes soap; 30 hogsheads
dozen
ruffled shirts
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
149 pieces sail-cloth, containing 5,781 yards; 150 butter; 65 dozen bottles red port wine ; 114 ditto 106 ditto Lisbon and 50 bushels barley ; amount sherry porter;
firkins
it.
Boston,
November
prize brig laden with clothing, taken
port by Captains
;
21, 1776.
and sent
into
Skimmer and Tucker, had on board
fifty
and Monday a prize snow, laden also with fish, were sent into Newburyport by Captain Geddens, in the Civil Usage. They were from Newfoundland, bound hogsheads
to
fish
;
Europe.
The Ticonderoga
post informs, that there have been to several scouting parties out under St. John's, but could
make no
discovery of the enemy. In discharging a cannon at some of the enemy's ships that were on the 5th instant endeavouring to pass Fort Lee, at New- York, it missed fire, when the brave, (though very young,) the intrepid, and the gallant Captain Hardy Peirce,
of
this town, stepping nimbly before it, to give orders, it, on a sudden, went off, when he received the whole charge in his body, which put a period to his existence.
Captain McFarlan
left
Broad Bay
Saturday week
last
with a sloop load of wood for this place, and was the next day taken by the enemy, who took all his hands out but
and put five men on board, and ordered her for The Captain, unknown to the men, let out all Halifax. the water; and when it was discovered that all the water was gone, and a storm coming on, and the men not being acquainted with the coast, left the care of the sloop to the himself,
Captain, who likewise was owner, and took so good care of her as to bring her into Long-Island, in this harbour, last Tuesday se'nnight, where he delivered the prisoners, who are since brought to town,
and committed
to jail.
ABISHA WASHHURN TO HUGH ORR. Salisbury,
November
21st, 1776.
SIR Agreeable to your request I have been to Sheffield, and viewed the situation that is proposed for the building of a furnace for the making of cannon there. I think the place will answer for that purpose, and that a furnace convenient for the same may be built on the spot that I have viewed. Wood is very near and plenty, and I These are essential imagine the water will never fail. articles, and the encouragement for being well supplied with them there is great. :
determined by your State to go on with undertaking, I should think that some preparation winter would much forward the business next season. If
it
is
this
this
My
compliments attend yourself and family. 1 am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant,
ABISHA WASHBURN.
To Hugh
;
them some part of
The
;
;
the Continental Fleet
P. S. Captain Whipple, his officers and men, are going but I suppose they will leave some power for their prize money with some person here that will advance
this
;
;
of invoice, 2,503 2s. 8$d. Last Sunday a prize brig, with two hundred and
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
out directly
664 dozen men's shoes; 41 dozen women's shoes; 548 dozen silk, worsted, and yarn stockings; 228 pieces milled pluiding; 6 dozen men's shammy gloves; 11 dozen milled 1 dozen silk gloves 62 dozen worsted and yarn gloves 402 pieces linen 247 1 1 dozen milled mittens gloves
;
Present, his
800
;
have no doubt that you
I
1776.
;
dutiful
agreeable to me to represent, than it must be grateful to our Sovereign to know, the loyalty and firm attachment of
be
NOVEMBER,
&o.,
Orr, Esq.
REPRESENTATION OF JOHN ALLEN, OF NOVA-SCOTIA, TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL, RELATIVE TO THE MICKMAC AND ST. JOHN'S TRIBE OF INDIANS.
The honourable Council Board for State, AMERICA:
MAY
IT
PLEASE YOUR HONOURS
having empowered
me
:
the
MASSACHUSETTS
The Micmac
to represent to
Indians
your Honours
their
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
801
situation, their reasons
for
not complying with the treaty
entered into by some of their young men, and your Honours from desiring it might be done in writing, I shall endeavour, the different minutes I have taken, to state the different I presume may be further satisfactory, their reasons for not assenting to the said treaty, and their time and intelligible as present situation, as accurately
movements, which
my
and hurry of mind
will permit.
were commenced between America and Britain, they appeared very sullen in their form and beThis created much anxiety in the minds of the haviour. both sides seemed jealous of their people of Nova-Scotia ; the even Acadians, their most intimate friends, intentions; After
hostilities
to their designs. They did not, as usual, but kept close to their respective frequent the different towns,
were strangers
villages, only now and then particular tribes meeting to consult.
ones from the several
by the whole,
my
NOVEMBER, in
1776.
802
order to do This prevented something. Soon after the arrival of the British
intended journey.
troops at Fort Cumberland advice came to me that a number of Indians had been at the garrison, had a conference with Colonel Goreham, and were returned loaded with I provisions, clothing, and ammunition. immediately proceeded with all expedition to Bay Vcrte,, where I only found one of the chiefs, just setting off. I had a great deal
of conversation with him, but could not understand what He was very precise in his business was with Goreham. his
behaviour sometimes, and cross, which did not a little me, from the intimacy which always subsisted
surprise
These movements created great fear among us. the country people, so much so that despondency seemed to take the place with some. between
came to my house one morning, they had come to converse on the state of affairs, and consult what method was best to take, presenting me at the same time a letter from General WashIn June three chiefs
who
In the summer, 1775, the General Assembly of NovaScotia passed an act to prevent powder going coastwise This rewithout a special license from Government. striction occasioned ammunition to be very scarce in the It affected none more than the different settlements.
fee.,
acquainted
me
They further said that Goreham had invited them come and see him, which they intended doing, asking my advice how they should behave when at the garrison
ington. to
;
whose subsistence depended on this commodity. The Indians were greatly enraged at the proceeding, and all the art and the insinuations of our politicians could not Several persons belonging to for some time satisfy them.
and finding by their conversation, their well wish to America, and their determination to go in, I advised them to go at once, so that I might have an opportunity at their returning I took from them General to hear what had passed.
Government, observing how highly the Indians resented the matter, and no doubt dreading the consequences of
also delivered
Indians,
affronting them,
made
known
it
to
Governour Legge, who
immediately (with advice of Council) issued out, in a private manner, a kind of citation, desiring all the chiefs to attend near Halifax, in order for a conference, promising at the same time to furnish them with sufficient ammunition for the winter. Most of them attended at one time, and the rest soon after, on hearing of the treatment of the first set. Mr. Legge, at the conference, endeavoured to stigmatize the Americans as much as possible, calling them the most scurrilous names, stated the matter as much as he could in favour of Britain, requested them to take up arms and oppose the Rebels, and harass their back settlements, menWhat tioning those particularly adjacent to Nova-Scotia. the result of this conference was I never could particularly learn. The Indians have since said they utterly refused, it was very certain they received ammuniand clothing; and it was obvious to every person who saw them after, was well satisfied with the business they had transacted. This conference occasioned that is, those who were great alarms through the country well-wishers to America. Reports were daily propagated to amuse the inhabitants, that the Indians were to be embodied in the spring, and distributed through the Province
notwithstanding tion, provision,
;
to
awe
the disaffected.
keep
in
The
inhabitants
general being well-affected to the cause of America, occasioned the powers of Government to exert their authority in curbing (as they said) the progress in
of rebellion, passed several severe acts against American The House of Assembly being so modeled principles. they could get no help or redress from them.
The County
of Cumberland and the settlement of Cobe-
quide, preceiving the intention of Government, and being for some time considering how to join with the Continent, Cumberland in began to consult for immediate safety. particular
any way
seemed most assiduous, determined practicable,
to
if
there were
throw off the grievous yoke of
Britain, which had so galled them since their first settleThese ment, and form under the banner of America.
Mesproceedings procured them most inveterate enemies. sengers were despatched incog, among them, (the Indians,) to urge them to come and destroy us; and, indeed, some of them seemed very well pleased with the scheme During this, the hurry of business was such, and
my
being
lately
recovered
from the small-pox,
indisposition, I
could
not
myself get among the Indians, I sent some French to hear I had the happiness of receiving such satisfactory answers that I had no reason to expect any difficulty would happen from thence at the
what they intended doing.
present, But in intending early in the spring to pay them a visit. the month of March we were again alarmed, that there had been a general meeting of all the tribes from Cheleur
Bay of Cape Sable, for what end we could not learn. Soon after heard that some were coming to Cumberland, authorized
to I
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
51
Washington's
keep till they came back. They a letter from one Carte, at Merimicke, to
letter, to
me
Colonel Goreham, which I opened, and mentioning to them of Mr. Washington's letter, and something of their situation, they snatched it out of my hand and burnt it. They refused drinking any thing till their return from the garrison. In the evening they returned very sober, told me that Goreham had asked them several questions about the state
Canada if they did not think the Rebels of America were bad men? whether they would not take up arms to He told them they should have every thing oppose them ? they wanted, such as good clothing, provisions, money, and ammunition, and desired them to consider of the affair among themselves; but if they would not take up arms in favour of the King, he expected they would not take up arms against him. Goreham dismissed them after giving ammunition and provision. Next morning we conversed pretty largely on matters; they said General Washington's letter had given universal satisfaction. They adored him as a saint, for the reason that though he was harassed with war himself, still he tells us (says they) " to be at peace, and if we want help he will grant it and defend us. That for this their incessant prayers were for his success." They further told me that they had turned out one of their chiefs because he spoke of
disrespectfully of General Washington. truck-house would soon be erected on
They expected
a
their shore, and Mantua to answer the
had sent John Baptist and and tell their good wishes towards their brothers the Boston men. But (say they) "we do not comprehend what all this quarreling is about. How comes it that Old England and New should quarrel and come to blows ? The father and son to fight is terrible. Old France and Canada did not do so we cannot think of fighting ourselves until we know who is right and who is wrong." In answer, I told them that I intended to have gone among them to have a conference respecting these matters but on hearing of their coming I postponed it, and that I was that they letter,
;
;
now ready
to
instruct
them
in
any thing
I
knew; and,
manner, acquainted them with the nature of the which dispute; apparently gave them much satisfaction. They said it was very well, but I must go and explain it to the whole, who would assemble for that purpose any where I told them 1 had wrote to NewI pleased to meet them. England a state of the Province had particularly mentioned their situation, and that when an answer came, I should attend at Coquen, twenty-five leagues from Bay Varte, but would be glad they would send word when ready in a brief
;
themselves, intending at that time to persuade them to a the French Commissioners, and procure treaty, take up them others from the States.
Soon
after the courier,
which
I
sent to Machias, returned;
any satisfactory answer, as I was in told that the man who had been daily expectation of, they entrusted with the packet to the General Court of the instead of receiving
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
803
Massachusetts State, was landed from a man-of-war at St. John's, was thrown overboard, by which I was not only frustrated in my plan for reducing the Province, but at a loss
to say to the Lillians, and perform promise to were also during this period attacked on every
what
my
them.
We
side
various false
to excite
the inhabitants to
by them to compliances with the keep peaceable, or mandates of Government. A scene of trouble and confuThe few stragsion seemed impending over the country. in the settlements gave great who Indians appeared gling minds were too attention, and it appeared obvious their reports, to fright
on their fidelity. fluctuating to put any real dependence I found my situation too precarious to continue in the to the peace of the comcountry, and rather detrimental had come to apprehend orders several as express munity, me, and by the advice of my friends determined to take
these
shelter in I
new
States.
was very anxious
to
have a conference with the Indians
the country, but found it very difficult, as the different roads and avenues were guarded to the place I to meet the Indians; nor was I certain of meetbefore I
left
promised I waited at the time. ing them, and how they stood affected some time longer, when two Indians arrived for me. I immediately took some Frenchmen who were pilots, through the woods, and set off the next day for Coquen, distance by I was somewhat detained in land about twenty leagues. my journey by a tree falling in the night, when one of my Frenchmen received such a wound I imagine is since dead. Before my It took him four days to get to inhabitants.
In.
NOVEMBER,
fcc.,
If
as
it is
An. Do you In.
you
objections have you against the treaty own tribe why would you not join of some your signed by wTth them in defence of that liberty wherein you are con;
cerned yourself?
Because we never authorized those persons
In.
Some
a thing.
of
desired to
where
meet next day,
at ten o'clock.
The Frenchmen
lodged understood the language well acquainted had been to New-England, and had entered into a treaty; that it very much displeased the chiefs, even so much that Baptist and Mantua, from fear, I
;
me that John Baptist and Matua
(as he supposed,) told them that they were imposed on, and had signed things that were not read to them, and that he understood from their different conversations, they were
determined not to agree to the treaty. They all assembled the day after, twenty-one in number; and asked them if there were any more of the chiefs expected. They answered that they appeared there in behalf of the
whole Mickmac tribe, at the desire and by the authority of the absent chiefs, as well as in behalf of their own particular I then addressed them, that agreeable to tribes. promise made Joseph Sapscruort, I had come to have a conference, not with any authority from the United States, but as a
member
of the same community with themselves, to determine upon something for our safety and welfare, and that I expected soon to be on the continent, where I intended
making known
They were very glad (they answered) that I appeared as one of themselves, and would be glad to know of things, but that they were very angry and uneasy about some proceedings of John Baptist and Mantua. I told them we would not enter upon that till we had discussed some other affairs about the dispute with America and Britain. They desired me to proceed. I their situation.
accordingly gave a short historical account of matters from the beginning of the settlement of America, the reasons of the first emigrants leaving Europe, the different charters of the Colonies, the unjust demand of Britain, and breach of faith, the usurped claimed Britain, the difauthority by ferent steps taken by the Americans for redress, and finally the design of establishing civil and religious liberty, their power and strength. They listened with the greatest attention, and at the end of sentence their assent.
As
every
I
presume
gave
may appear more
intelligible to your Honours, I shall write it down, as the conversation happened, by way of dialogue. An. You have now heard the nature and rise of the dispute: do you think Great Britain had a right to treat America in such a manner? it
we cannot
it
perform.
do such
to
Our
situation
such that it must be of fatal consequences to families and these should it (even if we were willing) be known men say they were imposed on, and we are determined to is
;
return
1
it.
An. know
men were imposed on, for who made the treaty were different desire that John Baptist and Matua
cannot allow that your
1
the gentlemen
I kind of persons. before me. examined be may I don't believe they intended to impose Jno. Baptist. I believe we did upon us, but as I was the only interpreter, not understand one another. An. You hear this; and I expect that reports of being What do you intend to do on, be not propagated.
imposed
with the treaty
We
In.
? it to Fort Cumberland or Halithem know we intend to send it
intend to carry
fax, and show
it,
and
let
back, for fear they will send their big vessels in our rivers and prevent us from fowling and fishing.
An. This that
far
is
will
be very wrong. the
superiour
England men
;
opposition?
An. Then what
After telling Indians, but perceived gloomy countenances. them some news which they seemed anxious to know, I
to
in their
Yes.
determined to send
at
No. Americans
set forth,
the justify
Coquen. I met some young Indians, who were meet me. They informed that John Baptist and Matua had returned, and had a great packet with them, but that it much displeased the chiefs, and asked me if I was not come to request them to take up the hatchet I answered no; which seemed to please them much. This somewhat I waived saying any thing more to them. surprised me. On my arrival I was received very kindly by the different arrival
coming
804
1776.
it
You may
Neio-England
back,
I
will take
affront a
n'en.
If
power you are
and deliver
it,
it
to
the governours of the Massachusetts. In. This we would be very glad of. An. Since this is your determination concerning the treaty, I
would ask some questions.
Very well. An. Would you be In.
your
distressing In.
We
case.
We
willing, if in your power, without families, to help your brothers the New-
?
are afraid to
tell
you what we would do
in that
We
want
receive our present support from Old England. not to molest any, but to keep in friendship with
all.
An. Would you screen any person who should flee for who might be drove form their dwellings
safety among you by the Britons ? In.
We
would not hurt them. to help Briton against our country-
An. Do you incline men the Americans'! In.
No.
An. Would you Britain
rather traffick with the United Slates than
1
In. Yes, very much; but we have been greatly imposed on by the traders and fishermen from New-England. An. Would you incline to assist the other inhabitants if they join with the United States 1 In.
When we
will tell
see a sufficient power in this country we know nothing certain will do. know we must submit to the strongest
We
you what we
about things.
We
They then presented General tVashington's letter, " There is what we will stand to. George Washingsaying ton wrote that we might continue in peace if we pleased, will pray for him ; for which he must be a good man. and if our messengers had acted as they ought, and what we had instructed them with, we should now have been happy, and not have any suspicion to our brethren in Newpower.
We
given
England."
An. Would you have
all
these matters
the governours of the Massachusetts State
made known
to
?
In. Yes, certainly.
Matua.
I
think there should be a copy of this conference, that they may bo
we might show it to the Englishmen, convinced we don't want to quarrel. that
Ins.
Very good. An. I think Matua has a great deal of impudence to make such a proposal. After putting us into such confusion, I cannot be of your opinion, nor think it expedient such a I told you before that I came not thing should be done.
with authority from the States, but only as one of yourselves, and that what we talked upon there should be kept secret.
And
I promise you that I will communicate sufficient to prevent any hurt coming on you by the Englishmen for any
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
805
and I expect from you that you will not them any encouragement by having a correspondence with them, but keep them at a distance. We In. We understand all this, and think it very good. will take your advice, and trust you will do what you can to help us, and not have us destroyed by the Old thing done here
;
&c.,
NOVEMBER,
806
1776.
if there is not some step taken with them. are pernicious either as friends or foes in tliese times ; though not brave, are capable to take advantages and com-
damage
great
give
They
Englishmen nor be thought enemies by the New-England/-
as honest, upright men, but there being no government among But, them, they are only as ciphers in point of authority. notwithstanding all their bad qualities, there is a method to
men.
An.
I think
am
and
should.
Be
things
right to
be
at
peace
in
your
situation,
sure your brothers the New-Englandmen want you Their young men acted foolishly, but forgive them.
and easy will do
quiet
more
you do
God
to say
;
you will by and by see what great Have you any thing you and us.
for
?
we would be
glad you would write a letter the governours of New-England, which we will sign. An. Please choose some person among you to dictate. He dictated what Joseph Sapscruort was chosen. In. Yes,
wrote
in their letter, as
to
mention?
this addition
chiefs in
Are obliged
the spring.
to
our brothers for
good offers, particularly the truck-house at Machias ; but tell them it is no service to us, even should we have their
We
things for nothing, the distance is so great. give our love to all our brothers in New-England, and particular to our good friend and brother George Washington. wish
We
you a good voyage, and that God will take care of you and bring you back safe." I distributed among them about twenty weight of tobacco, all I could After smoking a pipe together, bring. they very affectionately took leave of me, and departed for their different settlements the same evening. From this conversation your Honours might reasonably suppose the Indians were very sincere but from their different manoeuvres and behaviour, which I have seen by many,
being
;
have the greatest reason
There
some few
is
merits esteem,*
win them. Any one acquainted with their disposition, and having fortitude and perseverance to put up with their foibles, and use such arguments necessary as they think their minds are proper to receive it, showing a good example, any thing These circumstances in reason may be done with them. to reduce that Province at preit not be expedient (should as my humble sent) I would recommend to your Honours, as beforethem with that some opinion, person acquainted mentioned should be employed as a superintendent, or some
other dignified office, and to keep as constant as possible among them, acquainting them from time to time with the
how
news, and
by this, their differhave a truck-house erected in the most suitable place that he thinks for the This benefit of the States and agreeable to the Indians. would be the means of keeping them quiet or from assisting Great Britain. I would observe to your Honours that something of trade with ihe Mickmacs would turn to considerable account, there being great quantities of furs collected there more particular as the staple commodities might be procured in Nova-Scotia, which consequently would not be so expensive as transportI would beg liberty ing every thing from the Continent. further to observe to your Honours, that a plan might be very easily laid to procure from Nova-Scotia great quantities different
ent
recapitulated over the contents of the letter again, " You : may tell them that we will send
They two
is
exact as the style of their language
would any way admit. An. Have you any thing more with
to
mit the O "reatest cruelties.
things passes;
movements may be known
;
to
;
of goods, which, at
this time, to the clothing the this time think
Army,
&,c.
me
lengthy, and find fault at my troubling you at this busy time with such a detail of things, and the many repetitions used, but presumed
Your Honours may by
it
might appear more clear
forming a judgment of the
in
Indians' instability.
a great qualification to use
Should it be approved of, or any part of it satisfactory, it would be esteemed a pleasure if otherwise, your Honours
these affairs, and are led thereby to practise Where dissimulation, and use every art to gain their ends.
heart please indulge me so far as to attribute it to a warmly attached to the liberties of America, and ever ambi-
they perceive an opportunity to get something, they will exert every faculty to obtain it, although they are endued
tious
I
think
among themselves
deception
to suspect their fidelity.
it
is
They
in
with some good properties and capable of improvement. The French and English, and I am sorry to say the latter
have greatly inculcated (within my remembrance) every vice and immorality, and impaired any virtue they were possessed of. The great respect shown them from in
particular,
;
will
when thought to be performing the least atom which might have a tendency of promoting its happiness and prosperity. I am, with the
most profound duty and respect, your Honours' most obedient and devoted humble servant, JNO. ALLAN. Boston, November 21st, 1776.
time to time from different sides, emulates a spirit of ambition. They think that they are of so much importance that many events depends upon them. I doubt not but Honours
FRIENDS, BROTHERS, AND COUNTRYMEN: In the spring
are well acquainted with the nature of Indians in general, but the Mickmacs of Nova-Scotia are somewhat different
of the year we received, with joy and gladness, a very kind letter from our friend and brother his Excellency George
your
from most others.
Their living altogether on the sea-coast, and that being of considerable extent, mostly settled by English, the Indians are generally actuated according to the importance of the person or influence any one has who lives amongst them. The greatest number of these persons are zealous Government men, so called in that Province; and, indeed,
I
know
not one in trade but the Frenchmen settled
Coquen, but what are enemies to America. Some of these merchants are men of great property, and supported also in at
these times
them
over.
by Government, who use every means to gain I have received repeated intelligence of their
persuading the Indians to take up arms, propagating every kind of news in favour of Britain and detrimental to America.
The
Indians,
who
are credulous
to a
degree, will
to every report, and generally believe it, and think every thing true that is told them. I would take the liberty to inform your Honours that a
listen
plan has been formed (though not body of light troops from
made
publick) to raise a
Newfoundland, Cape-Breton, and
Nova-Scotia, who, with the Indians they expect to raise in Cheulieur-Bay and confines of Canada, to penetrate in conjunction with others from Canada, by the river St. John's, into the easterly parts of this State, to prevent and stop the lumber trade. The personal knowledge I have of their ways, (though acknowledged by them as a friend,) I think them' to be a most dangerous set of neighbours, and liable to do
Washington. What he said therein gave us great satisfaction, and determined we were to continue in that friendship, with the same faith as he possessed towards us, and to keep the chain bright forever.
A
few days ago an alarm was spread among us that come to require us to take up the We met thereupon, and found that some of our hatchet. young men had been with you in the character of chiefs, and made a treaty to go to war contrary to our desire. another paper was
And,
as
we
understand from them, was not rightly under-
stood.
Our situation and circumstances being such at present, our natural inclinations being peace, only accustomed to hunt for the subsistence of our families, we could not comnot sufficient among ply with the terms; our number being And as it was not done by our authority other objections.
and consent of the return
different tribes,
we
are necessitated to
it.
of our brother Wash-
depending upon the promise the friendship of all our brothers ington, and relying upon and friends your way, we hope and trust no offence in at the same time that the sending it back, and protesting chain 'of friendship is still subsisting between us on our A further account of our forever. side, and that we hope delivered be name in our will situation by our brother and Still
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
807
countryman, John Allan, Esq., bearer of and friendship be with you all. We are your friends and brothers,
Our
this.
love
tic.,
NOVEMBER,
1776.
and proper attendance and many
808
essential necessaries being
entirely unprovided for.
The
regulations of Congress in respect to their officers
and
soldiers receiving cash instead of their rations is a particular hardship on the troops here. Since they have not,
Ills
JOSEPH x SAPSAROUCH, Chief of Miramichi. mark. his
JEANE BAPTISTE x ALYMPH, Chief of Rechiboucton. mark.
Ml
AUGUSTINE x MICHEL, of Rechiboucton. mark, his
THOMAS x ATHENAZE, Chief of
Chediac.
mark, his
JEROME X ATHAUAZE, of Chediac.
nor can they be, supplied with Continental rations, the articles not being at present to be had, it is but just and reasonable they should receive an equivalent. The situation of this country makes it absolutely necessary that the troops should occupy eight or nine posts, some of which are between eighty and ninety miles apart, and although the Field Officers of the regiment are under the necessity of frequently visiting these stations they are not allowed so much as forage for their horses.
mark, his
BAPTIST x ARGUIMON, Chief of Chiguemiton.
ORDER OF THE COUNCIL OF
mark, his
JEAN x NOEL
^ ARQ.ITIMOI/,
his
CHARLES x ALEXIR, of Cape Sabk. mark. 19th, 1776.
INDIAN PETITION.
To
and House of Representatives MASSACHUSETTS-BAY:
the honourable Council
of the
We, the petitioners, humble showeth, we being inhabitants to the Province of Massachusetts-Bay, and friends to the United Stales of America, did on the 25th day of October, set out on our hunting business, in order to support ourself
and family, on the branches of Union
river,
At our arrival at the use to hunt for our support. branches we found all the hunting grounds taken up by Englishmen from Deer-Island and Bagaduse, which is great disappointment to us; having no other way to support ourself and family, we beg your Honours would take our circumstances into consideration, and do something to prevent the Englishmen from hunting, or we and our family will suffer,
we
are afraid to go back in the limits of
Canada
as
we
Gentlemen, your attentions friend and humble servant,
above
to the
will
oblige your
his
JOSEPH X PLOAHQUA. mark, bis
ACTON X NoCKTUMBARURAR. mark, his
JOSEPH x RORAN. mark, his
SEE x CARTIS. mark. :
JOHN RAY. JOSEPH JEWETT. Union River, November
2, 1776.
THE INCONVENIENCES TO WHICH THE TROOPS ON THE EASTERN SHORE OF VIRGINIA ARE PARTICULARLY SUBJECT.
A SHORT STATE OF
[Read
in
The
Congress November 22d, 1776.
publick store in
Referred to Board of War.]
Williamsburg has never been suf-
above representations, enclosing an account of the rations this State, and recommending the adoption
allowed by
thereof for the Continental troops serving in this country. ARCH'D BLAIR, Clerk. copy:
A
RESOLVES OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES OF VIRGINIA TRANSMITTED TO THEIR DELEGATES. November
VIRGINIA
Those on
20th, 1776.
Sess.
Resolved, That
it
be an instruction
to
our Delegates
in
Congress that they use their endeavours to oblige all persons who now are, or hereafter may be, entrusted with any or sums of money under the appointment of the General Congress, to give sufficient security for the performance of their several trusts and faithfully accounting for the same. Resolved, That instructions be sent to our Delegates in
General Congress to propose to Congress the taking into many of the troops of Horse raised in this Commonwealth as shall consent thereto, and to agree that the expenses already incurred thereby shall be a Con-
Continental pay so
tinental charge.
Resolved, That instructions be sent to our Delegates in General Congress to propose to Congress the defraying out of the Continental Treasury the expenses of the expedition an expedition which it is against the southern Indians conceived should be a Continental charge, and to procure necessary supplies of money to be sent hither for that purpose. Resolved, That instructions be given to our Delegates in General Congress, to propose to Congress that two of the six additional battalions of Infantry lately ordered to be raised in this
may be thereof,
Commonwealth
this
station
for
the Continental defence,
on the western frontiers for the defence and that the said two battalions may be of those stationed
consisting of
men
to
be raised
in that part
of the country.
JOHN TAZEWELL,
furnished with
goods to supply all the troops. have in a great measure been deprived of the benefit of it, as the most necessary are constantly engrossed by the soldiers more immediately on the The establishing a store to supply the troops on this spot. station would certainly be a wise measure, as it would not only be a great relief to the soldiers, but might be attended with considerable profit to the Continent, which at present
ficiently
furnished as cheap as the former: Ordered, That the Governour be requested to write to our Delegates in Congress stating the substance of the
sum
use to do.
Witness
22d, 1776.
where
we
as
November
Colonel Aylett, the Deputy Commissary of the Continental Army, having represented to the Board the impracticability of supplying the troops with such rations as are prescribed by Congress, which besides, if they could be procured, would not be likely to give that satisfaction to the troops here which may be expected from the rations which have been usual, and which it is supposed may be
of Chiguemiton.
mark,
At Coquen, September
VIRGINIA.
In Council, Williamsburg,
Agreed
to
by the Senate
JOHN PENDLETON,
A
C.
H. D.
:
C.
5".
true copy.
ADDRESS OF THE OFFICERS OF THE SEVENTH VIRGINIA REGIMENT TO COLONEL WILLIAM CRAWFORD.
We
enjoyed by petty adventurers, who almost ruin the beg leave to take this method of expressing our sense them with of the warmest attachment to you, and at the same time worthless at articles most, by supplying exorbitant price. our sorrow in the loss of a commander who has always Without the advantage of sending the sick to the general been influenced by motives that deservedly gain the unis
soldiers
hospital, (which is evidently our case,) the provision made for that of a regiment is entirely insufficient, their allowance of medicines being by no means adequate to our necessities,
feigned esteem and respect of all those who have the honour of serving under them. Both officers and soldiers retain the strongest remembrance of the regard and affection
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
809
you have ever discovered towards them but as we are well assured that you have the best interest of your country ever in view, we should not regret, however sensibly we may feel the loss of you, that you have chosen another Permit us, field for the display of your military talents. therefore, to express our most cordial wish, that you may ever find a regiment no less attached to you than the Seventh, and that your services may ever be productive of benefit to your country and honour to yourself. ;
very affectionate and polite Address demands my warmest acknowledgments, which I beg leave to return to you in the strongest terms of gratitude and affection. Be assured the officers of the Seventh Regiment will ever share my tender regard ; and I have great hopes that they will continue to merit the highest esteem of their insulted and injured country. kind wishes will ever attend the lowest soldier in the regiment. abilities are small,
but
I
have
wagon
W. CRAWFORD.
SAMUEL CHASE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Philadelphia, I
November 22d, 1776
Friday morning.
received from Major Gist the enclosed
return of the Independent companies
and Smallwood's bat-
talion. I have seen Captain Ramsey, who relates the particulars of the surrender of Fort Washington, in the manner I communicated to you in my letter of yesterday evening. Of the Maryland troops, Colonel Rowlings, Colonel Williams, and about two hundred of that battalion are prisoners. Williams
was wounded.
With their men they defended a pass against two hours, and killed two hundred of them, mentioned, after they landed across Harlem
----------20
Hogsheads, per bushel, Carriage at 2s. per bushel, Wastage, 1 bushel in 15, per bushel,
0*.
-
Storage, measuring, Sic., per bushel,
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
15
that
19
6d.
4~6
this serious satis-
and the rights of humanity. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most humble
GENTLEMEN:
with three hogsheads of it is now arrived, and may be fixed, a store provided, and a
settled as follows, viz:
To
faction, that they have been, and shall continue to be, exerted to the utmost in defence of American liberty, justice,
servant,
810
person appointed to measure it out. Upon consideration the expenses attending the same are
My
own
1776.
requesting the price
GENTLEMEN: Your
My
NOVEMBER,
house of Adam Reigart, the 22d November, 1776, present, William Alice, William Bowsman, Mathias Slough, Edward Shippen, George Moore, Henry DeHuff, Sebastian Graff, Adam Reigart, Andrew Graff, Christopher CrawWilliam Atlee in the chair. ford, Lodwick Lawman. Mr. Lawman mentions that lately in Philadelphia he received from the Committee of Safety sixty bushels of Salt, for the use of this County ; that he gave orders there for hogsheads to be purchased for it, and for sending it up, and that a
COLONEL CRAWFORD'S ANSWER.
&c.,
which add the prime cost of the
Salt,
So
is
be paid here for the Salt per bushel, it being supposed the hogshead will sell for as much as will pay their porterage and cooperage; and Mr. Christopher Crawford agrees to provide a store for it, and measure it out, and is to receive for it at the above rate; and when all delivered out, is to settle his accounts with the Committee. fixed as the price to
Mr. Crawford
is requested to exercise his own judgment the delivering it out, having respect to the families of those who apply, but is not to deliver to one house-
in
any
keeper above half a bushel, and is to keep an alphabetical list of those who receive Salt from him, as more is expected, and the same person should not receive twice.
Ordered, That Mr. Atlee, out of the publick ContinenMoneys in his hands, pay to Mr. Lowman 4 7s., for his expenses in his journey to Philadelphia, at the request of the Committee in August last, to negotiate business with tal
&c.
the Hessians for
the Congress,
and
Ordered, That Mr. Atlee pay Lewis Peter and George Lindeberger, for one hundred and thirty one thousand one hundred bricks furnished by them for the barracks and works carrying on there, out of the Continental moneys in his
not, as
I
Of General Beall's brigade one hundred and sixty are prisoners, and Captain Ling's company, he being sick in the Jerseys* Captain Hardman, of Frederick, and his river.
In
company, are prisoners. above four hundred are It is reported
all
the troops raised in our State
General
Howe
meditates an attack on this
city.
am, gentlemen, with respect and regard, your obedient
I
servant,
The
honourable the Council of
_, c OAMUEL CHASE. Safety of Maryland, An-
napolis.
ADDRESS OF PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. In Council of Safety,
To
November
22, 1776.
Freemen of the City and Liberties O/PHILADELPHIA: FELLOW-CITIZENS It is our duty to inform you that our enemies are advancing upon us, and that the most vigorous measures alone can save this city from falling into their hands. Consider your situation, and determine what part you will take. There is no time for delay; and by your the
:
conduct the Continent will be influenced. We therefore entreat you, by the most sacred of all bonds the love of to forget every disvirtue, of liberty, and of your country tinction, and unite as one man in this time of extreme Let us defend ourselves like men determined to be danger. free.
And we do most earnestly request that you will meet your fellow-citizens at the State-House to-morrow morning, at ten o'clock, there publickly to determine what measures we shall pursue. The bells will be ordered to ring, and the most publick notice of this meetpossible will be given
ing.
By
order of Council
:
DAVID RITTENHOUSE, Vice
At
a
President.
LANCASTER (PENNSYLVANIA) COMMITTEE. meeting of the Committee of Observation, Inspection,
and Correspondence,
hands.
prisoners.
for the
County of Lancaster,
at the
In Committee, Lancaster, the 22d November, 1776. honourable the Council of Safety of this State having, agreeable to the request of the Board of War, directed that the prisoners of war should be collected and forwarded under proper escorts to a place appointed by his Excellency General Washington for their reception, to be exchanged,
The
and the Committee of this County being desirous to carry the said order, so far as respects the prisoners in their charge, into execution as expeditiously as possible Therefore all :
prisoners of war who have left and are absent from the barracks in Lancaster are required immediately to repair there ;
and
members of Committee
in the County, officers of the and others who are desirous to release their distressed fellow-citizens from bondage, and restore them to their country and friends, are desired to be active in forwarding in the all
Militia,
prisoners
of war
who may
be
in
their districts, townships,
and neighbourhoods, immediately to Lancaster, that they may be conducted to their place of destination for exchange without delay; and all such as shall venture to harbour or conceal any of the prisoners of war after this notice and request, will be marched with them to Head-Quarters, to be disposed of as the General shall direct.
COMMITTEE OF HEADING (PENN.) TO LANCASTER COMMITTEE. Reading, November 22, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The Committee
here
desire
that
when
from Lancaster to Fort Lee, you send the prisoners of war not send them through this town, or (if you must would you send them this way) that you send them in parties or comone hundred at a time. We also panies not exceeding desire you would provide wagons and other things necesthe conveying the prisoners now with you all the sary for Fort to Lee, as we cannot take upon us to do any way thin" but for those
who
are
now
in this
town.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
811 It it is
tliis
being ordered that officers and privates go separately, that if prisoners with you come this way order cannot he strictly executed. By order of Committee.
apprehended
I am, gentlemen, your most humble servant,
JAMES READ, Chairman. Committee Lancaster.
to
Reading, November 22d, 1776.
HONOURABLE SIR: By
the order to Mr.
Read, Chairman
of the Committee here, about the exchange of prisoners, it I seems the gentlemen from North- Carolina are excepted. and my son are the only prisoners here from that quarter, and are both in the regular service, the one a Captain, and I entered the the other a Lieutenant, in the Emigrants.
812
We must not only have a force sufficient each regiment. cover your Province and these fertile districts from the insults and irruptions of the tyrant's troops, but sufficient to drive 'em out of all their quarters in the Jerseys, or all is to
GRESS.
1776.
:
We
ALLEN MCDONALD (PRISONER) TO THE PRESIDENT OF CON-
NOVEMBER,
For my own part, (and I flatter myself kind of treason. that my way of thinking is congenial with that of Mr. Boidoin's,) I will stake my head and reputation on the proTo come to the point I request priety of the measure. and conjure you, therefore, to waive all formalities, and devise some means of completing not only your regiments prescribed to the Province, but add, if possible, four companies
York and
wish you would forward the substance of this Carlisle, that we may have nothing to here but for the prisoners we send off, for we will provide not provide for more.
P. S.
letter to
fcc.,
lost. Disaffection is daily increasing in Pennsylvania, which must be checked by a tremendous superiority. In the mean time send up a formidable body of Militia to supply the place of the Continental troops, which I am ordered to convey over the river. Let your people be well supplied with blankets and warm clothes, as I am determined by the Let help of God to unnest 'em even in the dead of winter.
me
hear from you soon.
Yours most
affectionately
and respectfully,
CHARLES LEE.
For Heaven's sake lose no time in sending up the Militia, King's service in the year 1745, as my commission will at- and a number of shoes, stockings, and blankets, for the test, and have been in the service of my King and country If Massachusetts and Connecticut do not now exert Army. in different capacity since, so that I look on myself and son themselves, they must, and indeed ought to be, enslaved in a different light from the North- Carolina militia. There- but if they act with the necessary vigour and virtue, I will fore believe we are entitled to be arranged in the class of answer for their success. This I submit to your better judgment, regular officers. and beg you will forgive this freedom and trouble from, EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM GENERAL WASHINGTON TO honourable sir, your very humble servant, MAJOR-GENERAL LEE, DATED HACKENSACK, NOVEMBER ALLEN McDoNALD. ;
P. S. The allowance of five dollars per week to me, my son, and servant, would be serviceable in clearing off our small debts here, as we cannot do so without receiving it, being ten weeks Monday next, being paid to the 17th September.
ALLEN MCDONALD.
JOHN GIBSON TO THE COUNCIL OF DELAWARE. Treasury
Office, Philadelphia,
November
21, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: The Commissioners for adjusting the accounts of the Army at New-York and the Jerseys, under the command of General Washington, are now engaged in executing that business, and are in immediate want of all the accounts of advances made by the several States for paying or subsisting said Army. I am therefore to request you to order an account of such advances by your State to be forthwith transmitted to the Commissioners, that the proper stoppages may be made, and the State reimbursed accordingly. When the accounts are prepared you will please to order them to William Denning, Thomas Smith, and James Stephenson, Esqs., or either of them, at Head-Quarters at New-
21, 1776.
must be painful to you as well as to us, to have no to send you but of a melancholy nature. Yesterday morning the enemy landed a large body of troops below Dobbs's Ferry, and advanced very rapidly to the fort called by your name. I immediately went over, and as the fort was not tenable on this side, and we in a narrow neck of land, the passes out of which the enemy were attempting to It
news
seize, I directed the troops, consisting
of BcalTs, Heard's,
the remainder of Swing's brigade, and some other parts of broken regiments, to move over to the west side of Hackensack river. considerable quantity of stores, and some
A
We
have
fallen into their hands. have no accounts of their movements this morning. As this country is almost a dead flat, and we have not an intrenching tool, and not above three thousand men, and they much broken and disill success, but the loss of their pirited, not only with our artillery,
and baggage, though by so doing
have resolved to avoid any attack, must leave a very fine country open to their ravages, or a plentiful storehouse from which they will draw voluntary supplies. tents
A
true
copy
I
I
JOHN AVERY, Dep'y
attest:
Sec'y.
York
or the Jerseys. I have the honour to be, in the ents of the Treasury, honourable
name of the Superintendgentlemen, your most obe-
dient servant,
JOHN GIBSON, Auditor-General.
To
the Hon. George Read, Esq., New-Castle.
were
GENERAL LEE TO THE PRESIDENT OF MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL.
Camp
fair for
tumbling
down
the goodly
American freedom, and, with it, the rights of mankind. 'Twas indecision of Congress prevented our havinoa noble army, and on an excellent 'Twas indefooting. cision in our military councils which cost us the garrison of Fort Washington, the consequence of which must be fabrick of
fatal,
unless remedied in time by a contrary spirit. Enclosed I send you an extract of a letter from the General, on which
make your comments and I have no doubt but you will concur with me in the necessity of raising immediately an army to save us from perdition. Affairs appear in so important a crisis, that I think even the resolves of the Congress must no longer too nicely weigh with us. We must save the in of the ordinances yon
will
;
that
community
at
Fort Montgomery
fixing the chain across the river,
enclosing an extract from a letter of General Schuyler's, requesting the Convention to have the river sounded in dif-
we have sounded the river, between beginning Verplarik and Stoncy-Point, thence northward through the Highland to Pollapcl's Island, and find no part of the river in that distance less than eighty feet deep in the main channel, till within a short distance ferent places in the Highlands,
near Phillipsbourg, 22d November, 1776.
SIR: Indecision bids
SOUNDINGS OF HUDSON RIVER, IN THE HIGHLANDS. In consequence of a letter received by us, the subscribers, members of the Secret Committee, from the Committee of Safety, dated the day of November instant, when we
of the Island.
From
the Island to the western shore, found to be fifty-three chains. The
by measurement the distance
channel near the middle of the river at that place is about eight chains broad and fifty feet deep; from the channel the water shoals gradually on both sides to the flats, which are about eight or ten chains broad, reckoning both sides. This above-described place is the only one, in our opinion, that it is possible for an obstruction to be made by docking, effectually to impede the navigation of Hudson's river, at any place above the south part of the Highlands.
HENRY WISNER, GILBERT LIVINGSTON.
spite
of the Legislature. There are times when we must commit treason against the laws of the State for the salvation of the State. The present crisis demands this brave, virtuous
To
the
Committee of Safety.
November
22d, 1776.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
813
AUGUSTUS LAWRENCE AND SAMUEL TUDOR TO THE NEWYORK CONVENTION. 1776. Poughkeepsie, 22d November,
send you an order to us from the Marine Committee of Philadelphia, which order we conceive to be of the utmost importance; and as they have heretofore directed us to advise with your honourable House in matters of consequence, request your advice in the would return the order, as we have not
GENTLEMEN
We dient,
we
Beg you
premises.
had time
Enclosed
:
a copy. most obegentlemen, with great respect, your
to take
are,
humble
servants,
AUGUSTUS LAWRENCE, SAMUEL TUDOH.
The
honourable the Convention of the State of
New- York.
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE OFFICERS APPOINTED TO RECRUIT IN NEW-YORK FOB THE SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
The honourable Continental Congress having reconsidered the resolution of the 16th September last, for raising eighty-eight battalions to serve during the present war with Great Britain, and being of opinion that the readiness of the inhabitants of the States to enter into the service for limited times, in defence of their invaluable privileges on all former occasions, gives good ground to hope that the same
zeal for the publick good will appear in future,
when
neces-
their assistance, and the uncertain length of forces raised during the continuance of the war
for
sity calls
time which
may be compelled to serve, may prevent many ing who would otherwise readily manifest their to the common cause by engaging for a limited
from
name and
The encouragement you
great as will, it is hoped, give insure you success, to wit:
A
is
non-commissioned officer and soldier already inlisted for three years, and who has received the Continental bounty of ten dollars, and to every other recruit a bounty of twenty dollars; and also, to each a suit of clothes
money
to every
yearly, to consist for the present year of two linen huntingshirts, two pair of hose, two pair of overalls, a leathern or woolen waistcoat with sleeves, one pair of breeches, one hat or leathern cap, two pair of shoes, amounting in the
whole to the value of twenty dollars more. But each noncommissioned officer or soldier who shall procure those articles for himself, and produce to the Paymaster of the regiment a certificate thereof from the Captain of the company to which he shall belong, shall be entitled to receive the twenty dollars in money; besides which, every noncommissioned officer and soldier who shall inlist during the war is to receive at the end of the war one hundred acres
814 whose company he
belong, who is to take particular charge of him, that he be delivered over to his proper officer at the end of
the service for which he if
may
so be preengaged, or sooner
required.
You are to have your men mustered by the Comof Musters the first opportunity after inlistment, in missary order that they may receive their full bounty, five dollars of which only you shall pay to each recruit as an encouragement at the time of inlistment. lOthly. For this purpose you shall receive from the 9thly.
Treasury of the State of New-York the necessary sums, of the expenditure of which you shall keep a regular account, and transmit it to the Treasurer at Fishkill. After the articles of war are read to the non-commissioned officer or soldier inlisted by the inlisting officer or the commanding officer of the troop or company, the following oath (or affirmation, if the recruit is conscientiously scrupulous) shall be administered to him before the next Justice of the Peace or Chief Magistrate of any city or town corporate, not being an officer of the Army, or, where recourse cannot be had to a Magistrate, before the Judge
Advocate: " I swear true to (or affirm as the case may be) to be the United States of America, and to serve them honestly and faithfully against all their enemies or opposers whatsoever; and to observe and obey the orders of the Continental Congress, and the orders of the General and officers set over me by them."
By
order of the Committee of Arrangement:
ROBERT HARPER, Chairman p.
To
t.
Brinton Payne, Esq., Captain.
CAPTAIN COPP TO GILBERT LIVINGSTON. Johnston-Hall, November 22d, 1776.
so
you a choice of men and bounty of ten dollars in
1776.
description to the Captain to
inlist-
attachment
are to offer
NOVEMBER,
shall then
time, have therefore, on the 7th instant, resolved to admit into their service non-commissioned officers and soldiers for the space
of three years.
&c.,
Being informed that the regiment in which I now serve is shortly to be disbanded, and probably I may be out of office unless the interposition of my friends may prevent it, and as I hear there are four regiments to be raised for the State of New- York, in consequence therefore of the good opinion you was pleased to entertain of me while I had the honour of boarding with you at Mr. Scott's, in New-York, and of your willingness to promote my interest, I now take the liberty of requesting the favour of you to use your influence with the Convention in my behalf for an office in one of the above regiments. Of my military character, Col-
SIR
:
onel fVeisenfels, and others with whom I had the honour to In other reserve, can give you a particular account. spects I natter myself I am not altogether of the members of the Convention. I
To
am,
sir,
unknown
to several
your most obedient, humble servant, JNO. COPP.
Gilbert Livingston, Esq.
of land as a further encouragement. 2dly. You are to be careful to inlist none but healthy, able-bodied men, who shall engage to serve in the Army of the United States of America during the present war, or for the term of three years, unless sooner discharged by
Congress.
You
are required to provide two distinct inlisting be subscribed by such who shall inlist during the continuance of the war, and the other by such as shall inlist for three years if their services shall so long be re-
3dly.
rolls,
one
to
RECOMMENDATION OF CAPTAIN EISENLORD. Fort Dayton, November 29th, 1776.
John Eisenlord, in Colonel Van himself in his station as a genhas behaved regiment, Dyk's tleman becoming to his rank, and as a good soldier, very capable for the service, agreeable to his present appointment I
do
during
certify that Captain
my command
pation.
Sthly.
You
recruits drilled
shall
embrace
all
opportunities to have the for that purpose you
and disciplined, and
them without delay to such station or place of rendezvous as shall be appointed for that purpose. 6thly. To every recruit at the time of inlistment you shall administer the oath prescribed by the articles of war published by the Continental Congress.
shall despatch
7(hly. You shall appoint four active and capable recruiting Sergeants to assist you in this service. Sthly. If you shall reinlist for the war or for three years any non-commissioned officer or soldier who is at present in actual service for a shorter time, you are to give in
his
above-mentioned.
ROB'T COCHRAN, Major.
quired.
4thly. You shall take the age, size, complexion, colour of hair and eyes, and natural or accidental mark of every recruit, with an account of the place of his birth and occu-
at the fort
MAJOR FONDA TO ROBERT YATES. Cahnawaga, 22d November, 1776.
have been considering about persons proper for officers, am of opinion (without any according to your desire, and McKeen and Ebenethat view or Captain interest) private zer French, now his Lieutenant, Albert Van Dcivark his Second Lieutenant, and Garrit Potlman and Major Robert those persons I Cochran, who is an active good soldier the and will make to true and men are cause, know good as any that I know of, and if they had warrants officers good would soon be able to raise a quantity of men. Major Cochran would choose to be in the Rangers, as he is we'll used to I
and understands the woods as well as any manyour most humble servant, JELLIS FONDA.
that business, I
B.
am,
sir,
Yates, Esq.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
815
town the request of the Committee of Inspection for tlie of Lyme, in the State of Connecticut, have to acquaint you with fifteen that about the 1st of October last, five cows of Colonel H. B. Livingston, yearling cattle were, by order and by order of from Shelter-Island to
They cannot be Nichols, Esq., of Long-Island. are now where the during the winter ; they place kept would be a loss them to is it longer keep indeed, supposed It is the avails whom to belong. to the owner, or those to therefore desired you would please without loss of time relative to the sale and disposal of said cattle, orders give A line directed to the Comto account for the avails, &c. of mittee of Inspection of the town of Lyme, in the State it If the answer purpose. Connecticut, will undoubtedly were superscribed to my care will faithfully endeavour to see orders fully executed. W.
Reed, shall, upon but recovered and refreshed, they can not only be recruited, after thg a)most unspe akable fatigues and distresses they have this matter withbeg you to determine upon to any one but the General Court of your intention to delay it State, as it "would defeat every good
I
am,
To
am, with great esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant, MATTH'W GRISWOLD.
GENERAL WARD TO MESHECH WEARE.
New-
Head-Quarters, Boston, 22 November, 1776.
favoured with your letter of the 19th November. Colonel consequence of your informations respecting General from a with Gates, request regiment, together
SIR: In
DECLARATION OF MILES DELWOOD.
I
am
Long's
New-Melford, November 22d, 1776. declaration of Miles
HORATIO GATES.
Sic.,
Major-General Ward.
York.
Committee
Delwood, town The beginning of my being inimical to my carne to my house, country was when Major Skeens first November 5th, 1775, about eight o'clock at evening, in comstairs with Skeens pany with one Mark Prindle. I went up to light him to bed, when he opened his business to me as He asked me if I was not a mind to save my estate ? follows to him was, By all means, but how shall I do it ? answer My Said Skeens then made me take an oath not to inform where he was before he should get out of the country. I swore I would not. Then he told me he was young Major Skeens, and hoped I was friendly to the King, and for my promise in keeping him secure in so critical a moment he would save my estate, for there would be two hundred thousand Regulars here in the spring, and that one half the country was on the with King's side, and that he, said Skeens, had connection one Robberson, over in the Pasture, in the State of NewYork. Said Miles saith he has not seen the above Skeens this
it
longer.
I
The
I
undergone.
out referring
your
of
obligation.
to march directly to this place, regiment should be ordered and the three regiments commanded by Stark, Poor, and their arrival, march to Portsmouth, where
in
before the
my
acknowledge
Ticonderoga, November 9th, 1776.
Saybrook,
the gentlemen of the Convention of the State of
to
Deputies from the State of Newme that there is a Continental Hampshire have informed in that State, under the command of Colonel raised regiment As the regiments Pierce Long, stationed at Portsmouth. suffered have this at now exceedingly from that State, post, most certainly be it would and disease, defeat, fatigue, by for the immediate benefit of the service that Colonel Long's
Committee of Inspection for that town, carried over the to be kept there river and landed at Lyme, with direction Those cattle are said to have belonged further orders. till
To
am
I
DEAR GENERAL: The
the
to
which
for
Lyme, November 22d, 1776. direction from Governour Trumbull, at
brought
816
1776.
favour of the 8th instant, enclosing a resolve of Congress,
NATHANIEL GRISWOLD TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
GENTLEMEN: By
NOVEMBER,
tic.,
:
that the regiment might be sent to Ticonderoga, I have ordered Colonel Long to march his regiment to that post with the utmost expedition. He is directed to apply to your State for such assistance as is necessary for his march. I
am,
sir,
your obedient, humble servant,
ARTEMAS WARD.
Honourable Meshech Weare, Esq.
:
or Prindle since.
March, 1776, one Levi Rich, who belonged on board one of the King's ships, came to said Miles's house, directed to him by the above Skeens. Said Rich told him Major Skeens Said Rich sent his love to him, and still remembered him.
him all loyal subjects to the King would save their estates, and that he had been in all the towns round about and had been an actor in sundry combinations in seeking Tories, and he told him (said Miles) that Fairchild,o( Readone ing, had a Captain's commission, which he got on board of the King's ships, and that Theophilus Stebbins and Josiah Stebbins, of Buckfield, had been on board said ships sundry
JOHN AVERT TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Council Chamber, Boston,
November 21st, 1776, in the morning, a man came from Dover, his name not known, to the above Miles, and desired him to take in at a late hour of night twenty men, who were going to the eastward, but said
Miks
denied him.
1776.
am
Chevalier,
which you'll perceive by the enclosed resolves that 1 have the honour to transmit to you. I am, sir, with esteem, your Honour's most obedient,
now
great
humble
servant,
JOHN AVERT, Dep.
The Honourable John Hancock,
Sec'y.
Esq.
LORD HOWE TO MR. STEPHENS, SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY. Eagle, off New- York, November 23,
told
times.
November 22d,
directed to acquaint the President of the honSIR: ourable Congress of the sums advanced to the Sieur Gaiault, and Sieur Conleaux, on account of the Congress; I
SIR of the
:
The Army
General thinking
fit
the right of the establish themselves
to
move with
to
Rebel
1776.
a large part
forces,
who were
the winter on the preparing to heiohts above King's Bridge, as well as on the north part of York-Island, the embarkation of the troops in the flatboats and small vessels provided, was made from Kep's Bay under the direction in the night of the llth of last month, the with of Commodore Hotham, Captains of the ships from for
which the boats were manned, as in the former instances, and the troops were landed in the morning on the peninsula of Frog's Neck, in the Sound, about ten miles eastward from New-York, without opposition.
A thick fog prevailing when the
GENERAL WARD TO PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Boston, November 22d, 1776.
SIR: shire, I
The
Continental regiment stationed in New-Hamphave ordered to Ticonderoga, agreeable to General
Gates's request, which is contained in the enclosed letter. I should not have ordered that regiment to march without receiving directions from the Congress, or from General Washington, but from the necessity of the case, which did
first
not appear to admit of delay ; and being also informed would be agreeable to that State. 1 am, sir, your obedient, humble servant,
P. S.
it
ARTEMAS WARD. November 23d. This moment I received your
boats entered the danger-
ous passage through Hell-Gate, every ill consequence was to be apprehended; but it fortunately happened that no other was sustained besides the oversetting of an artillery
injury boat,
by which accident two
were
lost.
field-pieces
and three men
had been some time before resolved, in order to prevent to enemy from receiving supplies by the North River,
It
the
send a detachment of ships above their works at Jeffery't Hook, on York-Island, and the opposite shore of Jersey, between which they had been lately making fresh attempts to
block the channel.
Captain Parker,
in
the Phoenix,
was again chosen for this service, with the Roebuck and The wind did not permit the ships to pass the Tartar.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
817
enemy's works until the 9th. By the accounts I have a few days since received from Captain Parker, I find the the loss ships had suffered much in their masts and rigging; of men, as in the enclosed return, was less considerable.
Of
enemy's galleys chased from their stations of sunken frames and vessels placed to obstruct the passage of the river, two were taken; one mounting a thirty-two-pounder with swivels, the other two The two remaining nine-pounders and two four-pounders. four of the
behind the
lines
some small vessels, being favoured by the tide and weather, escaped the ships in shoal water, where they had sufficient protection from the shore, which was in the enemy's possession. The General judging it necessary to make a second movement with the troops he conducted further to the eastward of Frog's Neck, the Light-Infantry, Grenadiers, and other corps of the first embarkation, were again taken into the flat-bottomed boats, and landed the 18th on Pell's Neck, separated from Frog's Neck by Hutchinson's River. The rest of the Army, which had only that narrow stream to pass, were conveyed over with the artillery and baggage a few hours after, and the second division of the Hessians, that came under convoy of the Diamond the 19th, were carried up in the flat-boats, and landed the 23d on Myer's Neck, the post of communication with the fleet last estabThis position of the Army lished nearer to Ncw-Rochelle. galleys, with
requiring further provision to be
made
for
keeping the
inter-
by water with York-Island, the Rose and were added to the frigates and small armed vessels Senegal
course open
before stationed in the
Sound
for that
purpose.
incumbent on me to represent to your Lordships on this occasion, and I cannot too pointedly express the unabating perseverance and alacrity with which the several classes of officers and seamen of the ships-of-war and transunusual degree ports have supported a long attendance and of fatigue consequent of these different movements of the Army. Captain Phipps, and the detachment of seamen under his command, who were further appointed to assist in the service of the artillery upon an emergency, have acquired much credit by their spirited conduct on that day. The enemy, retreating on every occasion as the Army advanced, were forced from the White-Plains (where they seemed prepared to make some stand) into the NorthCastle district, and have finally retired with the greatest part of their forces behind the Croton River, whereby the communication was open from York-Island with the contiIt is
nent by King's Bridge. On the 16th instant the General directed an attack to be made on their lines adjacent to Fort Washington, a regular
&tc.,
The
818
1776.
Twenty more flat-boats which were sent up the North River under Captain Phipps, passed the enemy's forts undiscovered in the night of the 18th, and a detachment from the Army, commanded by Lord Cornwallis, being landed on the Jersey shore the 20th, in the morning, above the enemy's redoubts, opposite to Jeffery's Hook, and unperceived by the Rebels for some time, they soon became Some few of the possessed of the redoubts without loss. were and about with many killed, taken, seventy enemy pieces of artillery and a large quantity of ammunition and stores.
The sudden
effect of these two unexpected attacks seems have made great impression upon them. In my report to their Lordships upon these several transactions, particular notice is due to the ability testified in the direction and conduct of many difficult and very fatiguing services which Captain Fergusone, of the Brune, was charged with preparatory to, and in the progress of, the various movements of the Army, from the time of the first descent on York-Island to this period. Lieutenant Botham of the same ship, and the agents, Lieutenants Knowles and Henri/, (the last more especially,) having had a considerable to
share
the arrangement as well as execution of such ser-
in
vices, are likewise entitled to a particular distinction on this occasion ; and the unwearied spirit of the seamen, from the transports as well as ships-of-war, in dragging the artillery difficult heights for sustaining the Infantry on their landings can never be exceeded. I have thought it necessary for the speedy conveyance of
up the
the General's despatches on the present occasion to appoint the Tamar for that purpose, having had the sloop cleaned
and refitted here for her passage to Europe, in the best manner that the materials to be provided in our present circumstances would permit. Captain Mason is directed to the port he can first most conveniently gain in England, and to wait to receive their Lordships' commands for his further proceedings.
RETURN OF THE KILLED AND WOUNDED ON BOARD HIS MAJESTY'S SHIPS PASSING THE BATTERIES THE 9ra OF OCTOBER, 1776. Phoenix One Midshipman, two seamen, one servant, killed one boatswain, one carpenter, eight seamen, one servant, one negro man, one private marine, wounded. Roebuck One Lieutenant, one Midshipman, two seamen, killed one Midshipman, two seamen, one corporal of ;
;
Marines, wounded.
Tartar
One Midshipman,
one Lieutenant of
killed;
Marines, wounded. Total Nine killed; eighteen wounded.
work constructed upon the high grounds above Jeffery's Hook. It was appointed to be carried on from the side of New- York, off King's Bridge, and two separate embarkations from the continent across the East River. Thirty VAN BIBBER flat-boats were ordered up to King's Bridge by the North River the night of the 14th, under the direction of Captain Wilkinson, (who has distinguished himself very much in the different parts of this and the subsequent operation,) The batteaus, mostly manned assisted by Captain Molloy. from transports, were commanded by Lieutenant Botham, of the Brune, Lieutenant Loggie, of the Mercury, and the Agent, Lieutenant Henry.
NOVEMBER,
H. PARKER. fc
HARRISON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. St. Pierre,
November 23d,
1776.
GENTLEMEN: We wrote you on the 2d instant, by Captain Conway, who sailed die 4th, with a cargo consisting of muskets, powder, woolens, linens and salt, to the amount of 3,944 19*. I0d., this currency, which we hope are all or have received your will be soon safe in store with you. favour of the 29th ultimo by Captain Patterson, who we have
We
embarked in the boats had a considerable fire from the enemy in their passage across the East but having surmounted every River, and at their landing obstacle, under the further disadvantage of a very steep ascent, to gain the flank of the enemy's lines, and the other
supplied with sundry necessaries for his vessel, amounting 72 18s. 3d. per receipt. to
attacks succeeding at the same time, the fort was comThe Rebels, in number pletely invested in the evening.
some.
troops
to sustain
;
about two thousand seven hundred, were thereupon induced to surrender prisoners of war, and several pieces of cannon, with a considerable proportion of military stores, were taken in the fort and outworks. Captain Wilkinson's presence being deemed most material with the flat-boats, the Pearl was left under the direction of the First Lieutenant, Scot, to be placed for covering the march of the Hessian troops, and to flank the enemy's lines on the side of the North River, in which service his behaviour was
much approved.
The same commendation
We
are glad to find you were loading out some vessels Our creditors are growing importunate, and unless clamorous and troubleoff soon, will be
for us.
exceedingly can with truth affirm that no men can be more desirous to serve their country than we have been and still are and we would immediately ship to the amount of the paid
We
;
in such articles as we could get, was there a posof raising money of bills, but there is not the least chance of procuring a penny that way. Every man who has money here knows too well the advantage of sending it
25,000
sibility
home
in
goods.
This being the case, our sole dependence must be on remittances from you, which we doubt not of your disposition
So soon as our old scores to forward as quickly as possible. are rubbed out we can with more confidence and facility
and seamen in the boats only one of farther for you, though dip a little and five wounded, the loss of men at your advantage to get beforehand. the landing having happened chiefly amongst the troops. Linens are in great abundance. VOL. III. SERIES. FIFTH 5$ is
due
to the officers
the last
was
;
it
would be greatly
for
killed,
Powder we
are quite
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
819
overstocked with, and some small-arms may be bought. But we know of no brass cannon or howitzers, and woolens are yet scarce.
We have just received a parcel of goods from Bordeaux, from Mr. McCreary, among which are some woolens. We would willingly forward them to you by Captain Patterson, but he being lumbered and bound on a cruise, cannot take them. They shall go by the next opportunity that we like.
The
Elizabeth, Captain Sangier, got safe into Charles-
has town, and sold your powder there with the cargo, and It since arrived here with a fine parcel of rice and indigo.
has been determined by the opinion of some merchants, that we should take an interest in the expedition in proportion to the amount of the powder, and we are in hopes of getting fourteen or fifteen hundred pounds for you if a ship arrives that was purchased and loaded with rice in part of the At any rate we expect to save the capital, and returns. of it against us until please to make a blank charge is
settled.
Tobacco is raising fast in St. Eustatia, where several ships are loading with it for Holland, and begins to sell well here. But flour and corn are very low, and will keep down towards Such a cargo as Captain Conway brought us the spring. if the quality of last, will generally answer best, especially the tobacco was to be more large, black, and thin. hope soon to be advised of the arrival of Martin and Conway;
We
and
are, very sincerely, sirs,
your very obedient servants,
VAN BIBBER
To
&.
HARRISON.
the honourable the Council of Safety of the State of
Maryland.
NOVEMBER,
820
1776.
in which he writes that the enemy crossed North River, below Dobbs's Ferry, in four hundred boats, and stole a inarch to Fort Lee, which the garrison evacuated,
the 21st instant,
the
all their artillery,
leaving
cannon, stores, provisions, and their
baggage. We have not heard from the Army since the General's The alarm of a fleet sailing from Newletter of the 19th. York with troops is without foundation. About one hundred and fifty transports and store-ships sailed under convoy of Commodore Shuldham, in the Bristol and two frigates, and are supposed to be bound to Ireland for provisions. This information comes from General Howe. On yesterday I procured a statement of our treasury a few days ago:
as
Emitted, $20,000,000
;
expended, your
This is for in treasury, $3,182,263. to be made not and information publick. private
$ 16,817,737 The
;
Congress have resolved of thirty-six guns, are
to increase their to
frigates,
be
built in
Two
Navy.
our State.
of the Congress, some true friends, are uneasy at
Many
you'll
the voyage
&c.,
the powers of the Delegates of Maryland. They are apprehensive if made known, they will reach Lord Howe and
encourage him
and if the Courts of Europe should see them, would prevent a foreign alliance. Some reasons are given to counteract this I do not see why they should opinion. :
it
not be published in the journal. The powers relate to peace and war, and can be of no service to the publick. 1 wish you would consider this subject.
In eight days the inlistment of the far greater part of our I expires. greatly doubt if we shall be able to prevail
Army
upon the troops
to
enter into the service.
hopes of obtaining our wish from Congress.
I have some Our commis-
proceed on to-morrow, I believe ; however, whether they do or not is a secret. I am, gentlemen, with respect and regard, your obedient
sioners will
Re-
ST. PIERRE, MARTINIQUE, November 24i
i
Ihe munitions which i
to
in
value, the furnishers shall be at liberty to take ai) d dispose of them as they may think proper.
Stetin, thirty-four
and upwards by 14
the required proportions shall be rethe magazines and paid for at the above prices. 10. Those considered inferiour, but which shall be
" being well understood
2 00
re-
sols,
necessary passports shall be
P r P er to be applied to various useful purposes in the ports, s h a " be received there with the reduction and at the appraisement which shall be fixed by the officers of the ports,
thick, exclusively,
1
in
ART.
5 10 4 00 1 05
Side pieces or planks of different lengths and breadths, sought for at Riga, Petersburg, and Wiburg, from 5 to 2 inches forty sols the solid foot,
all
ART. 9. The masts and other munitions shall be proved, examined, and measured, by proper officers, according to the usage of the Navy, and in the manner prescribed by the regulations; and the said munitions which shall be found to
forty-eight
thirty to forty feet, at five
11
/*
issued to this effect.
2900
feet, at six livres ten sols,
t*
formally due; and
duties
39 00
forty-four to
1
I
i
5900 4900
Spars,
Of 5
;
Mediter-
line.
*
i-
soussignes,
uT~
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
887
Le Viconite de Mauroy, sera fait major general de 1'armee aux nieuie appointement, prerogative et honneurs que les officiers Americains du ineiue grade et il aura un supplement s'en rapporte a
comme etranger, par lequel des Etats. de France une somme II luy sera fourny avant son depart de douze mille livres, argent de France, la moilie a litre de et 1'autre moitie comme une avance sur ces
de traitement
il
la discretion
gratification,
les dils
NOVEMBER,
appointement
be ordered
them
it appointed, in all that shall the service, defense, and preservation of their country. Done at In faith whereof we have signed the present. one thousand seven hunthe twentieth November, Paris,
by
dred and seventy-six.
VICOMTE
lo
for
DE MAUROY,
Du DE
ROUSSEAU, Chevalier de FAYOLLE. SONNEVILLE. SILAS DEANE, Agent for the most honourable the Congress of the UNITED STATES OF NORTH-AMERICA.
Received of Silas Dcane, at Paris, November 26th, sixteen thousand eight hundred livres, on account of the above.
VICOMTE DEMAUROY.
de ce jour. II
888
1776.
to recognize the authority of the most honourable Congress as a power legitimate, and to obey it, as well as the officers
a courir appointement commandant
appointuments, de ce jour. Les sieurs Chevalier du Rosseau dc Fayal et de Sonnele premier ville seront acceptes comme ses aides-de-camp, avec rang de Lieutenant-Colonel, et le second ayec le rang de Major) tous deux avec les appointement attribues a ces les dits divers commandant a courir grades,
Sic.,
sera fourny a chaqu'un de ses aides-de-camp, avant
leur depart, une somme de trois mille, ou au moins de deux mille quatre cent livres, argent de France, pour leur equipe-
ment, moitie a
litre
de
gratification,
moilie a
MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE BOARD OF WAR.
compie sur
In Council of Safety, Annapolis,
GENTLEMEN: Your
leurs appoinlemenl.
Dans
le
cas ou les Etats Americains Unis ne ratifiroient
le presenl arrangement, que leur faix fut pas en loul poinl des susdils, ou que des preles faite avec Anglois a 1'arrivee les contraignient de revenir en France leur texle
possible retour se fera sans difficulle, et les Etats leurs fourniront la la depence de leur relour en Europe. somme necessaire
A ses conditions
pour
les susdits
denomines promellent de
servir
Etats avec tout le zele et la fidelile possible, de re-
les dits
connoistre I'autorite
du
tres
honorable Congres
comme
et de luy obeir ainsy qu'aux chefs par puissance legitime, en tout ce qui leur sera commande pour le serluy commis, de leur pai's. vice, la defence et la conservation nous avons signe le present. Fait & Paris, de En
quoy Novtmbre, mille sept cent soixante VIC'TE DEMAUROY,
letler
November
28th, 1776.
of ihe 19lh inslant
we have
received, and in consequence ihereof have given directions for marching ihe prisoners as soon as possible, in order ihat have likewise ordered an exchange may lake place.
We
the accounts of expenses incurred to be furnished us, and you may depend upon their being transmitted lo your Board
immediately afler we receive il. We are, genllemen, your most obedient servants. On behalf of the Council: DAN. OF S. THOS. JENIFER, President.
The
honourable the Continental Board of War, at Phila-
delphia.
foy
le vingt
seize.
THOMAS SPARROW TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Cambridge, November 28th, 1776.
DE DE
ROUSSEAU, Ch. de Fayolle. SONNEVILLE. SILAS DEANE, Agent for the most honourable the Congress of the UNITED STATES or NORTH AMERICA.
GENTLEMEN: Major Thomas Muse was dead and before
reached Cambridge.
I
VIC'TE DEMAUROY.
[TRANSLATION.] We, the undersigned, Charles Louis Vicomte de Mauroy, Chevalier du Rousseau de Fayol, and de Sonneville, have the honour to propose their service lo the very honourable on the following Congress of the United States of America, conditions
direcled lo him) lo ihe Committee. Daffen, one of the Commillee, has offered lo act in
I
if
am, wilh the greatest respect, your humble servant,
THOS. SPARROW.
The
Council of Safety of Maryland.
WILLIAM HARRISON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Georgetown, Kent County, 28th November, 1776. I had the pleasure before I left our
The Vicomte
pay
tion of the States.
He
be furnished before his departure from France with the sum of twelve thousand livres, money of France, one half thereof as a bounty, and the other half as an advance of his pay the said pay commencing to run from this shall
;
day. Messrs. Chevalier du Rosseau de Fayol and de Sonneville as his Aids-de-camp, the former wilh the shall be
accepted rank of Lieulenant-Colonel, and ihe lalter with ihe rank of to these ranks, the Major, bolh wilh ihe pay apportioned said pay commencing to run from this day. There shall be furnished to each of his Aids-de-camp, before iheir departure, the sum of three thousand or, at least four hundred livres, money of France, for their of equipment, one half as bounty the other half on account iheir pay. In case the American United States should not ratify in the whole the present agreement, [or] should they have made peace with the English on the arrival of the aforesaid persons, or should they, from any pretext possible, constrain them to return lo France, their return shall be accomplished without difficulty, and the Siales shall furnish them the money necessary for the expenses of their return to
two thousand
Europe.
On
ihese conditions the aforesaid persons promise
to serve the said Stales with all possible zeal
and
fidelity,
that
you, gentlemen, should approve of him. I have a great prospect of success, having had many good men for the service offered. Could do nothing, not having the money, nor knowing, if I had it, what to advance, the last proceedings of Convention not being in lliis Counly.
:
de Mauroy shall be made Major-General of the Army, wilh the same pay, prerogatives, and honours, as the American officers of the same rank, and he shall have as a foreigner, which he leaves to the discrein addition
(which Captain Joseph
was
business,
Received of Silas Deane, at Pom, November 26th, sixteen thousand eight hundred livres on account of the above.
buried
1 delivered the letler
HONOURABLE SIR:
American camp, which was on the 19th instanl, to receive a line from you, a favour which I am extremely sorry I
At the time I received could not before this acknowledge. not procure the necessary malerials for wriling lo it, I could on any condiyou, ink and paper being ihen nol to be had tion ; and since that time I have been endeavouring to get where I expected to have had of conversing with you on the situation of our Army, &ic.; but 1 have been unexpectedly disappointed on that head, as I have not been able to lay my hands on Captain Veazey't the satisfaclion
to Annapolis,
They made my busipapers, which concern ihe publick. ness lo Maryland. They would have made my principal business lo Annapolis, could I have received them in lime from falher, who, through mistake, has got them.
Veazey's wrole for ihem immediately on coming down, and Colonel soon Veasey wrote me in return that I should have them as as he received them from Apoquimini, where they were wilh his son's baggage however, as ihe time for which I have leave of absence is nearly out, I must hasten back, though wilh the prospect of returning immediately, when I hope I shall get ihe papers, and wait on the Council wilh I
;
ihem.
The
we experienced before ihe 9lh of my last to you, I make no doubt you have been well informed of; the principal one I need Whiteonly mention to you, which was the bailie at the occurrences which
inslant, from the date
Plains.
In this
affair, as
in
too
many more
of a similar
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
889
to that of nature, our Generals showed not equal judgment the enemy. were badly disposed to receive the attack
We
of the enemy's small-arms, and unfortunately much exposed to their artillery, which flanked us so heavily as to render The matter was ended the post tenable but a short time. on our part, with the retreat a confused and by precipitate loss of men killed and wounded, including in the ninety
and Bracco
number
four officers killed, Captains Scott Lieutenants Waters and Goldsmith wounded. Of the above I forgot to say that number forty-six of our regiment. Colonel Snallwood was wounded slightly. Since the engagement of the White-Plains, you^hear we have been unfortunate enough to lose Fort Washington, a we shall soon find stroke us, in my opinion, as
against
capital
the keep up a communication between Had we been able to Northern and Southern Provinces. hold the fort during the winter, we certainly should have been able to stop the river in such a manner as to be imWe could also have passable to shipping in the spring. built other forts on the Jersey side of the river, which would we already have but, considerably aid and assist the forts we must no longer think of holds and fortresses on the alas it
very
difficult to
;
!
North River. There are, I hear, various opinions respecting the taking Fort Washington; some think it was too easily surrendered, others say our men behaved well, and that it could not posI have not been where I could hear any sibly be helped. thing respecting the order of our men at that place, the only intelligence I have is in a letter from an officer of our corps. He tells me that the greatest part of our men engaged the enemy one mile at least from the fort, at the stockade or rear line, (described in my last to you;) that while they were engaged there a considerable body of the enemy passed
over the Spiten Devil, or Harlaem creek, and, by a quick movement, possessed themselves of all the passes between our men at the lines and the fort; the consequence was that
There were, I make no they surrendered immediately. other of the movements doubt, enemy to the northward of the fort, as per newspapers, but he mentions to me nothing more. It seems the garrison consisted of upwards of two thousand men. I am surprised, then, that they would leave the fort at any rate. It appears to me to have been rashness to have left it at such a distance as they did. It requires little foresight to know, that as General Howe had his whole armament at hand, he would make a vigourous effort, if any at all and as he was furnished with conveniences for passing Harlaem creek, was it to be thought that he would confine his attack to one place ? However, I am undertaking to judge perhaps without having the truth of things. This I think very certain, that it would have taken five thousand instead of two thousand men to have defended, against General -Howe's Army, the lines which it is said our
NOVEMBER,
&r.,
1776.
890
to think there has been any alteration for the better with The disposition that the State that respect to clothing. 1 have the honour to represent has hitherto discovered, leaves me no room to doubt that proper measures will be
pursued to effect these purposes, as well as completing her quota of the new Army. General Howe is on this side Hudson's river with eight or ten thousand. It's thought by some that he intends to inarch this way ; if so, I flatter myself we shall give a good
account of him, as proper dispositions are making
for his
reception.'
Accounts from abroad are very favourable, though of such am not at liberty to communicate them. We have nothing to do but to keep a sufficient Army in the field to oppose that of the enemy one campaign more, and it's over with them. I am, with every sentiment of respect, your most obedient a nature that I
servant,
WM. WHIPPLE.
Honourable Meshech Weare, Esq. P. S. My colleague is now confined with the small-pox, but is on the recovery, and I expect will be out in a very few days. *>...'
I.
-fit
.' (v g .)
Fourth Company. Jonathan P. Horton, Captain; a very indifferent officer, and had best be discontinued. Joseph Youngs, First Lieutenant; a very low-lived fellow. Isaac Sherwood, Second Lieutenant; a good officer.
David
5th First Lieutenant.
James Clark, (bad)
* ndrevLF
Cornelius Hardenburgh, Captain; cashiered by a general court-martial for defrauding his men. Edward Lounsberry, First Lieutenant; an excellent officer; would make a very good Captain, and we recommend him as such. Charles Newkirk, Second Lieutenant; a good officer. Jeremiah Clark, Ensign ; a good officer.
James Brundage, Ensign;
2d Captain.
Ebenezer Hill, (bad)
Chas. Parsons, (good) William Moulton, (bad) Thomas Hoit (bad) Peter B. Tears, (g.)
Henry Van Woert, (good) Budd, (bad)
1st
Ensign.
Adjutant. Quartermaster.
Surgeon.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
953
VAN
Officers of Colonel Regiment, in the year 1776.
Arrangement of
the
Goose Van Schaick Peter Gansevoort Peter B. Tears
Henry Van Woert Budd Captains: Joseph McKracken,
SCHAICK'S
Officers
NOVEMBER,
Sic.,
for the four Continental Regiments o/NEW-YoRK. First.
Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel.
Alexander McDougall, Colonel, Rudolphus Ritzema, LieutenantColonel, Donald Campbell, Major; John Brogden, Adjutant.
Adjutant. Quartermaster. Surgeon.
James
6.
Jarvis, 1st Lieutenant.
John Johnson, (ap.) Captain. William Brown, 1st Lieutenant.
Hughes, 2d Lieutenant.
Abraham
Benjamin Ledger, Captain.
Andrew Fink, Benjamin Hicks, David
Van Ness.
Second Lieutenants: Tobias Van Veghten, Nanning V. D. Heyden, George Sythes, Philip Conyn. Ensign: John Denny.
7.
John Quackenbush, Captain. Jonathan Pearcy, 1st Lieutenant. James Campbell, 2d Lieutenant.
Ttie following is a catalogue
belonging
of the names of the
Officers
Colonel LASHER'S Regiment.
to
Field Officers.
Colonel John Lasher; a good officer, and ought to be promoted, for he has lost his all, his four houses being burnt. Lieutenant-Colonel Andrew Stockholm. Major James Abeel. Commissioned Officers.
Abr'm Van Dyck;
Capt. Beekman. Lieut. Sickles; a very good
prisoner.
Lieut. Parsons. Lieut. Brevoort.
8.
Abr'm A. Van Wyck,
Aaron Austin, 1st Lieutenant. John Houston, 2d Lieutenant.
Capt. Banker; a very good
officer.
Lieut. Beekman. Lieut. Hoagland; prisoner.
4.
9.
Fred 'k Van Weisenfels,(ap.) Capt. Richard Van Varck, Captain. John Alex. McDougal, 1st Lieut. David Van Home, 1st Lieutenant. Stephen Steel, (ap). 2d Lieutenant. Daniel Gano, 2d Lieutenant. 5.
10.
Gershom Mott, Captain.
William Goforth, Captain.
James
Pelton, 1st Lieutenant.
W.
Pane, 1st Lieutenant.
Timothy Hughes, 2d Lieutenant. Parker McDougal, 2d Lieutenant. John L. Linn, Surgeon. Third.
James Clinton,
Edward Flemming,
(ap.) LieutenantColonel; Cornelius D. Wynkoop, (ap.) Major; George Slossen, (ap.) Adjutant; James Hamilton, Quartermaster.
(ap.) Colonel;
1.
6.
Daniel Griffen, (ap.) Captain.
Capt. Dickson.
Capt. Dickerson.
Lieut. Fortin. Lieut. Troup, prisoner.
Lieut. Warner. Lieut. Mesier.
Wm.
Wilcox; good officer. Lieut. R. Shurman; good officer. Lieut. Edw'd Dunscomb; prisoner.
Capt.
Capt. Wright; an exceeding good
No
Van Zandt.
Lieut. Johnson. Lieut. Stymetz.
Captain.
Lieut. Vreedenburgh.
officer.
Lieutenant Codwise; an active and assiduous officer.
Lieut. North. Lieut. Hicks.
John
2.
7.
John Hulbert, (ap.) Captain. John Davis, (ap.) 1st Lieutenant. William Havens, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Officers.
Colonel William Malcom ; an exceeding good Lieutenant-Colonel Stoutenburgh; sickly. Major James AIner; a good officer.
Commissioned
Captain J. Wool. Lieutenant H. Rutgers.
officer.
Billings, Captain. Ezekiel Cooper, 1st Lieutenant. John Langdon, 2d Lieutenant.
Daniel Denton, (ap.) Captain. Baltazer De Hart, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Jonas Bellows, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Isaac Belknapp, 1st Lieutenant. David Dubois, 2d Lieutenant. 4.
9.
Albert Pawling, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Lewis Dubois,
(ap.) Captain. Elias Van Bunshooten, 1st Lieut. Cornelius Adriance, (ap.) 2d Lt.
5.
10.
Jacobus S. Bruyn, (ap.) Captain. Robert Johnson, Captain. Thomas De Witt, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Martinus Goetchins, 1st Lieut. James Gregg, 2d Lieutenant. Philip Du Bois Bevier, (ap.) 2d Lt.
Samuel Cooke, Surgeon. Fourth.
James Holmes,
Officers.
nel;
Lieutenant Jos. Cheesman. Lieut. James Black.
master.
Captain Brasher. Lieutenant Moffatt. Lieutenant Coles.
Captain Smith. Lieutenant Nevens. Lieutenant Myers.
Captain Edward Meeks. Lieutenant Elliott.
Captain J. Meeks. Lieutenant S. Fleming. Lieutenant I. Sandford.
(ap.) Colonel; Philip Cortlandt, (ap.) Lieutenant-Colo-
Barnabas Tuthill, (ap.) Major; Benjamin Chapman, Quarter-
Captain Jon. Blake.
No Captain. Lieutenant J. Fish. Lieutenant J. Thompson.
No Captain. Lieutenant Foght. Lieutenant Bowen.
Andrew
3.
John Nicholson, Captain.
Hasbrouck, (ap.) Captain. Cornelius T. Jansen, 1st Lieut.
Field
Grinnell, (ap.) Captain.
Benjamin Marvin, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Wm. Phelps.Jun., (ap.) 1st Lieut. Nathaniel Norton, 2d Lieutenant. Philip Conklin, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Elias
List of Colonel MALCOM'S Officers.
1.
6.
Henry B. Livingston, (ap.) Capt. Nathaniel Woodard, Jacob Thomas, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Abraham Ricker, 1st Roswell Wilcox, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Captain Stewart. Lieutenant.
No
Captain. Lieutenant.
Morris Hazard, 2d Lieutenant.
2.
7.
John R. Livingston, (ap.) Capt. Leonard Ten Broeck, (ap.) 1st Lt. Andries Heermanse, (ap.) 2d Lt.
Daniel Mills, (ap.) Captain. Elijah Hunter, 1st Lieutenant. John Bayley, 2d Lieutenant. 3.
8.
Jonathan Platt, (ap.) Captain. David Dan, (ap.) 1st Lieutenant. Manning Bull, 2d Lieutenant.
Henry G. Livingston, (ap.) Capt. Samuel Van Veghten, 1st Lieut.
Wm.
Matthewman,
4.
Captain Mitchel. Lieutenant Cornwall. Lieutenant Lawrence.
(ap.) Capt.
William Leary, 1st Lieutenant. John Beeckman,2d Lieutenant.
officer.
Lieut. Lawrence.
Marinus Willet, (ap.) Captain. William Gilliland, 1st Lieutenant. Leonard Bleecker, 2d Lieutenant.
3.
Jacob Cheesman, (ap.) Captain.
Capt.
Brasher, Jr., 2d Lieut.
2.
First Lieutenant: Charles Parsons.
Capt.
954
1776.
(ap.) 2d Lt.
9.
Ambrose Horton, (ap.) Captain. David Palmer, 1st Lieutenant. Samuel Tredwell Pell, 2d Lieut.
Jacobus
Wynkoop,
Anthony Welph,
Thomas
(ap.) Captain.
(ap.)
1st Lieut.
Lefoy, 2d Lieutenant.
5.
10.
Rufus Herrick, Captain.
Colonel LASHER'S Regiment. Captain Wright, Captain Beekman, Captain Banker, Captain Wilcox. Lieutenant Ralph Thurman, Lieutenants Robert Troup and Dunscomb, Lieutenant Ethan Sickles; all good officers. Lieutenant-Colonel Hulbert, of Colonel Samuel Drake's regiment, a
good
officer.
Captain Deane, a good
officer.
Joseph Benedict, Jun., Captain. Charles Graham, 1st Lieutenant. Samuel Sackett, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Jesse Thompson, 2d Lieutenant. William Wilcox, (ap.) 2d Lieut. Ebenezer Haviland, Surgeon; Isaac Smith, Surgeon's Mate. Second.
Myndert Roseboom, (ap.) Colonel; Gosen Van Schaick, (ap.) Lieutenant-Colonel; *Lucas Van Veghten, Major; Barent J. Ten Eyck, (ap.) Adjutant;
John
W.
Wendell, (ap.) Quartermaster.
1.
Colonel RITZEMA'S Regiment. James Miller, 2d Lieutenant, 1st company, } Jonathan Hallet, 1st Lieutenant, 2d company, S Captains. Edw'd Lounsberry, 1st Lieutenant, 3d company, ) Nathan Strong, 1st Lieutenant; a very good officer. Elihu Marshal, 2d Lieutenant, a very good officer, Adjutant. Zeph'a Platt, 2d Lieutenant; a good officer. do. Robert Wood, 2d do. do. do. Peter Benedict, 2d do. do. do. do. Isaac Sherwood, 2d do. do. Cha's Newkirk, 2d do. do. do. do. Jeremiah Clark, Ensign,
2.
late
of Colonel
Lasher's regiment, in has himself as much brigade, distinguished my by his cool, intrepid spirit, as by his zealous attachment to the American I cause, and his modest, discreet, and prudent behaviour. strongly recommend him as a man who will do honour to his country in the rank of Captain in the new establishment.
JNO.
MORIN SCOTT.
7.
Stephen T. Schuyler, (ap.) Capt. Joseph McCracken, Captain. Barent Roseboom, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Moses Martin, 1st Lieutenant. Dirck Hansen, (ap.) 2d Lieut. John Barns, 2d Lieutenant. 8.
3.
Peter B.
Joel Pratt, (ap.) Captain. Roman, (ap.) Captain. Myndert A. Wemple, (an.) 1st Lt. Benjamin Chattenden, (an.)
Jellis
A. Fonda, (ap.) 2a Lieut.
Israel Spencer, (ap.)
1st Lt.
2d Lieut.
9.
4.
John Fisher,
Captain Wright,
6.
*Peter Yates, (ap.) Captain. John Frey, (ap.) Captain. Henry Van Veghten, (ap.) 1st Lt. Anth'y Van Veghten, (ap.) 1st Lt. Gideon King, (ap.) 2d Lieut. Matthew Warmood, (ap.) 2d Lt.
(ap.) Captain. Benjamin Evans, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Joseph Fitch, (ap.) 2d Lieut.
Hezekiah Baldwin, Captain. Nath'l Rowley, 1st Lieutenant. Roswell Beeby, 2d Lieutenant. 10.
5.
Corn's Van Dyck, (ap.) Captain. Elisha Benedict, Captain. Corn's Van Slyck, (ap.) 1st Lieut. Snmuel Fletcher, 1st Lieutenant. Guy Young, (ap.) 2d Lieutenant. Alexander Brink, 2d Lieutenant.
John Williams, Surgeon. *
The
eldest officer of
other Captain.
Lucas Van Veghten and Peter Yatei
is to
be Major, and the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
955
of Artillery, consisting of one hundred men, that including officers, to be drafted out of the within list, and John Lamb be appointed an additional officer, to have the command of that company John Lamb, Captain ; Thomas
One company
:
Captain-Lieutenant; John Crane, 1st Lieutenant; Martin Johnson, 2d Lieutenant. If any Captain in Albany County should refuse the serfrom Cumberland County, vice, that vacancy to be filled up who have given up their nomination in favour of Elisha Benedict. Ivers,
Second or Albany Regiment. in the room of Myndert Roseboom. Peter Yates, Lieutenant-Colonel., .in the room of Goose Van Schaick. in the room of Lucas Van Veghten. Peter Gansevoort, Jun., Major
Goose Van Schaick, Colonel
G.
1.
Hezekiah Baldwin, Captain. Nath'l Rowley, Lieutenant. do. Roswell Beeby,
John Fisher, Captain. Benj. Evans, Lieutenant. do. Jos. Fitch,
Van Dyck, Van Slyck,
Guy Young,
Captain. Lieutenant. do.
the
Moses Martin, John Barns, in
room of Peter Trooman.
Dirck Hansen, Lieutenant. John G. Lansing, do.
room
Mudge, Lieutenant.
theroom
of Peter Yates.
Van
Rensselaer, do.
Stephen McCrea
If
in
Captain McKen's company, I would recommend Joseph Harper, who has served under said McKen this last campaign, at his own expense, as a volunteer, on purpose to qualify himself for the same, and is capable of inlisting a number of men, and would be very agreeable to Captain McKean and LieuBut if there cannot be a provision made tenant French. there, I would request some other place. servant.
SIR
of the four Battalions raised
for
Mr. Jacob John Lansing being anxious
to
of the United Slates, if he could be as an officer, this desire has been signified to
Army
General Schuyler by Mr. Philip Van Rensselaer, who informs me that the General begged him to request me to recommend him to your Committee ; and as Mr. Cuyler
appointed. Messrs.
in the
in the year 177(5, for the defence
:
into the
Mr. Henry Van Veghten also mentions to me that he would with alacrity enter the service if he could be suitably
Quartermaster. Adjutant. Surgeon.
Officers
a Lieutenant
fications.
do.
of NEW- YORK,
for
and yourself are as well acquainted with Mr. Lansing as it is needless for me to mention his qualimyself, I presume
Joel Pratt, Captain. Benj. Chittenden, Lieutenant. Israel Spencer, do.
Henry Van Woerdt John Tillman
State
be a vacancy
there should
provided in
10.
George White, Captain, of Stephen J. Schuyler.
A List of the
WILLIAM HARPER TO COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENT. GENTLEMEN OF THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS:
inlist
Gideon King, Lieutenant. Nicholas
Eleazer Grant,
21 November, 1776.
DEAR
Wm.
5.
Jervis
though as Resolved, That Captain Plait's request son is recommended as a good officer, they wish it had been convenient to him to have continued in the service.
his
LEONARD GANSEVOORT TO ROBERT YATES.
9.
John Fry, Captain.
home
WM. HARPER.
Elisha Benedict, Captain. McCune, Lieutenant. do. Alex 'r Brink,
John Graham, Captain,
Anthony Van Veghten, Lieut. do. Matthew Warmood,
at
Lieutenant. do.
4.
in
continuance
indispensable.
8.
Ten Eyck, Captain,
his
Joseph McCracken, Captain.
3.
Barent J.
his private affairs render
ment, as
956
1776.
From, gentlemen, your humble
7.
2.
Corn's Corn's
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
of
the said State.
to that post for his regiment. I
First Battalion.
Captains: John Johnson, Benj. Ledyard, John Wiley. Leonard Bleecker, James H. Hughes, Benj. Walker, Henry Tiebout, Tho's Lefoy. Second Lieutenant: Tapp. Munday, James Bonnel, Ensigns: Gilbert R. G. Livingston, James Fairly.
Leonard Gansevoort, Jun., and John Tab's Ten
Eyck, have also requested me to transmit you their names The former has been recomas Regimental Paymasters. mended to Congress some time ago by Colonel Van Schaick
am, most respectfully, your and the Committee's most
obedient and very humble servant,
LEONARD GANSEVOORT.
First Lieutenants:
Wm.
To
Robert Yates, Esq.
Wm.
Andrew Taylor,
Mr.
Adjutant.
ROBERT YATES TO GENERAL SCHUYLER.
Curtis, Surgeon.
Fishkill,
Second Battalion. Lieutenant-Colonel. Henry B. Livingston Jackson, Ab'm Swartwout. Captains: John Davis, Havens a man of honor, but very illiterate, First Lieutenants: but a submissive officer; Israel Smith, Simeon Tryon, John Lloyd, Jonathan Titus. Second Lieutenants: Nathan'l Norton the same as Havens; Edward Conklin, Henry Pawling, George Smith. Ensigns: Sylvanus Conklin, Gilbert Ja's Livingston. Petrus Tappen, Surgeon. Judah Harlow, Adjutant. Nehemiah Carpenter, duartermaster. Van De Linde, Surgeon's Mate.
Wm. Wm.
Wm.
Lieutenant-Colonel.
Captain: Benj. Pelton. First Lieutenants: Nathan Strong, Jonathan Hallet, Edward Lounsberry, Patten Jackson. Second Lieutenants: James Miller, Cha's Newkirk, Isaac Sherwood, Peter Benedict, Robert Wood, Elihu Marshall.
Ensigns: Jeremiah Clarke, John Johnson.
Jonathan Hallet, Adjutant. Rob't Provost, Quartermaster.
Hunlock Woodruff, Surgeon. Dan'l
Wemina,
do.
Mate.
Fourth Battalion.
Van
Cortlandt
Lieutenant-Colonel. Captains: Sam'l Van Veghten, John H. Wendell, Gerrit Veeder. First Lieutenants: Jno. Hooghkerk, Jno.C.Ten Broeck, Adiel Sherwood, Barent Staats Salisberry. Second Lieutenants: John Ball, Jno. Welch, Levi Stock well, Isaac Bogert. Scudder. Ensigns: Jno. Ostrander, Philip
Haviland, Surgeon. George Graham, Surgeon's Mate.
me
to
apply
to
you
for further information.
of
Committee appointed by the Convention of the State
New-York
talions
for arranging the Officers of the four Batdirected to be raised in this State by the General
Congress, and
for
executing their Resolutions relative there-
and the more so, place them on the present establishment County of Tryon may probably conceive that it has The Committee, as soon as not been sufficiently noticed. ;
will furnish you with a they can complete the arrangement, copy. I have the honour to be, with the greatest esteem, sir, your
most obedient, humble servant,
ROB'T YATES, Chairman.
J. A.
MAGEE TO ROBERT YATES. Fishkill,
SIR:
Magee
I
for
would presume an officer
Army
in the at
November
29th, 1776.
recommend my brother Peter new recruits, now a Second Lieuto
Fort Constitution,
in
the
company
of one Mr. Bently, and in the regiment whereof Henry V. I would choose, sir, to refer to Rensselaer, Esq., is Major. Major Van Rensselaer and Major Peter Schuyler. I
am,
sir,
your most humble servant, J.
to:
Captain Platt requests of this Committee that his son, Zephaniah Platt, may be omitted in the present arrange-
If they
as the
tenant in the In
28th, 1776.
are officers with qualifications such as Congress requires by their late resolves, the Committee will, without hesitation,
Wm.
Tennis Van Waganen, Adjutant. Tho's Williams, Quartermaster.
November
of Arrangement have been informed
by the members of Tryon County that Captain McKeen and his Lieutenants, Ebenezer French, Albert Vander JVerke, and Gerrit Pottmom, instead of having discharged his company are still in service, and at the same time recommended those officers as well qualified to continue in service. Without relying, however, too much on recommendations which probably may be partial or interested, the Committee have directed
Third Battalion.
Fred'k Weisenfels
The Committee
SIR:
To
A. MAGEE.
Robert Yates, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of
Arrangement.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
957
Meeting of tho Committee of Arrangement, December
1776
6th,
Resignations.
Van
Schaick.) Captain Garret Veder, (Goose Van Schaick.) Captain John Johnson. Captain Richard Platt. Captain Elijah Hunter.
Lieutenant-Colonel Hulbert. Lieutenant James M. Hughes. Lieutenant John Johnson.
Ensign Joshua Drake, (Captain Sackett's company.) Ensign Joseph Banning.
Recommendations. Ricker.
Ensigns.
Captain Copp, (Capt. Vascifell.) Captain McKean, (the Continental
Delegates.)
Theodorias Fowler. John Brogden. Lieutenant Hugh McClennan. Lieutenant John Nicholls. Lieut. French, (Tryon County Delegates. ) Lieut. Peter Magee, (Lieutenant of Militia No. 1.)
Jeremiah Lansingh.
-,
(Ph. Livingston, Esq.)
Gilbert Strang, (Captain Sacket.)
George Deniston Grey, (Cy. Gen. Clinton.)
James Barret, Sergeant-Major of McDougal's, (by Captain Johnson.)
Moore, (Tryon.)
Simon Crygier. Paymaster Provost. Leonard Gansevoort, Junior. John Tob's Ten Eyck.
In Committee of Arrangement, Fishkill, December 12, 1776.
Robert Harper, Chairman pro tern., Colonel Duer, Mr. Duane, Colonel De Witt. Resolved, That Captain Abraham Ricker and Captain John Copp be appointed Captains in one of the four BatPresent
:
also that Thomas McKane be appointed a Captain in the same. Lieutenant-Colonel Hulbert has informed Colonel Duer and Mr. Duane that he had resigned, and would not any longer continue in service. Letter from Nathaniel Hazard, December 9th, 1776, informing of the resignation of Mr. John Gunnel ; and of Mr. Slam Hobart's recommendation of Nathaniel Platt for
talions of this State
;
A
A
Lieutenant-Colonel Hulbert, December 9th, 1776, informing the Committee of his resignation, at the same time recommending Benjamin Marvin as an officer of merit, for a Lieutenancy. Letter from Captain John Johnson, November 17th, 1776, recommending Lieutenant John Johnson for a Captain of Marines, and Sergeant-Major James Barret as worthy of a commission. Letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Weisenfels, of December 2d, 1776, informing of the resignations of Captains John
A
A
Johnson, Richard Platt, Brigade-Major, and Elijah Hunter; also Lieutenants James M. Hughes and John Johnson; rec-
ommending Captains Copp, Gershom Mott, John Brogden, and Lieutenants Hugh McClellan and John Nicolls ; also Simon Crygier for an Ensign. A Letter from Jelles Fonde, of 22d November, recommending Captain McKane, First Lieutenant Ebenezer French, Second Lieutenant Albert Van Dewarka, Garret Pottman, and Major Robert Cochran, which would choose to be in service as a Ranger.
last
he says
A
Letter from Samuel Sackett, Captain, of 27th November, informing of the resignation of Lieutenant Ebenezer Mott, Joshua Drake, Ensign ; also recommending Mr. Gilbert Strong as a very fit person for an officer; requesting that he may be appointed Ensign to his Company.
A Certificate from Messrs. William Harper and John Moore, of the 29th November, recommending Captain McKane and Lieutenant French as good and worthy officers; also of the dismission of Captain Seban's
A
Company.
Letter from Rev. John Mason, November 26, It76, requesting a Chaplaincy in one of our Battalions. Letter from Ja. Cuyler, Esq., 9th December, informing
A
Mr. Valkenburgh, who was
out of the arrangement willing to continue in service, left
on declining to serve, is now and recommending him as a good officer; also that Mr. Samuel Thorn will accept and that Mr. Henry Devandorph, who was mentioned to us as indifferent, has done some extraordinary services, for which he recommends him ;
a good officer. Letter from Colonel
for
A
P. Gansevoort, of the 3d Decemrecommending Henry Colbraith and McClannen He has sent them out to recruit. for Ensigns. A Note from General James Clinton of the 6th December instant, recommending George Dennison for an Ensign ber
in
last,
Captain Gregg's Company. Letter from James Magee, of 29th November, 1776,
A
958
his brother, Second Lieutenant Peter Magee, an appointment on the new establishment. A Letter from Surgeon Benjamin Curtis, of November 3d, 1776, wherein he resigns his office.
recommending
A
Letter from Robert Provost, December 7th, instant,
appointed a Paymaster by General Washington, requesting to be continued. Letter from Major Benjamin Ledyard, December 12th, recommending Theodosius Fowler as First Lieutenant to Captain Walker. Letter from General James Clinton, of December 2d,
A A
1776, recommending Captain Rosecrans and Lieutenant Lee. A Letter from Colonel Van Schaick, December 5th, enclosing the resignation of Captains Samuel Van Veghten and Garret Veeder ; also of Second Lieutenants John Lansing
and Bartholomew Van Valkenburgh ; and of Ensigns John Vernon, John J. Ten Eyck, Abraham G. Lansing, and Peter S. Schuyler. The Colonel informs that Major Christopher P. Yates, First Lieutenant John Hooghkirk, Second Lieutenant Abraham Hardenburgh, Second Lieutenant William Scudder, Second Lieutenant John Ostrander, First Lieutenant Adire Sherwood, and Ensign Peter J. Hoogeboom, had returned him no answer. Lieutenant Cornelius Bicker, recommended by Captain Anthony Rutgers, December 14th, to be provided for in the
new
arrangement. Ezekiel Cooper went First Lieutenant
with
Captain
Canada ; when the Regiment was discharged at Montreal, was appointed Captain by General Montgomery, Billings to
served at Quebeck last winter, was appointed Captain this spring, and now serves on the Mohawk river. In Committee of Arrangements, Fishkill, December 14th, 1776.
Present
a Captaincy. Letter from
that
1776.
for
:
Captain Samuel Veghten, (Goose
Abraham
NOVEMBER,
&c.,
:
Robert Harper, Chairman, Mr. Duane, Mr.
Jay, Colonel Duer, Colonel De Witt. Resolved, That Captain Abraham Ricker be, and he is hereby, appointed Captain in the First Company of the Regiment commanded by Colonel Cortlandt, in the room of
Captain John Johnson, who has resigned and that a copy of this Resolve, with his Instructions, be immediately sent him by the Chairman, together with the names of his subal;
tern officers.
Resolved, That Recruiting Instructions be immediately given to Captain John Copp, for inlisting a Company in Colonel Van Schaick's Regiment, and that this Committee in such rank on pledge themselves that he shall be placed the Continental establishment as he is entitled to from his
former commission.
Resolved, That Captain Robert McKane be, and he is hereby, appointed Captain of a Company in Colonel Van Schaick's Regiment ; and that this Committee pledge themselves that he shall be placed in such rank on the Continental establishment as he is entitled to from his former
commission. Resolved unanimously, That Jacob Morris, Esq., be, and he is hereby, appointed a Major to the Regiment commanded by Colonel Duboise.
That Amos Hutchins, Esq.,
be, and he is in Colonel Duof a a Company Captain hereby, appointed boise's Regiment; and that a copy of this Resolve, his In
Resolved,
structions, together with the
names of
his subaltern officers,
be immediately sent him by the Chairman.
That James Stewart, Esq., be, and he is of Colonel hereby, appointed a Captain in the Regiment Resolved,
Duboise. Resolved, That Philip Duboise Bevier, Esq., be, and in the Regiment comis hereby, appointed a Captain manded by Colonel Duboise.
he
and he is Resolved, That Brinton Payne, Esq., be, in the Regiment of Colonel a Captain hereby, appointed Duboise. Resolved, That William J. Smith, Esq., be, and he is in the Regiment commanded hereby, appointed a Captain
by Colonel Duboise. Resolved, That Henry Godwin, Esq., be, and he is a Captain in the Regiment commanded hereby, appointed by Colonel Duboise. Resolved, That Samuel English be, and he is hereby, Lieutenant in Colonel Duboise's Regiappointed a Second ment.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
959
Resolved, That Edward Weaver, Gent., be, and lie is hereby, appointed an Ensign in Colonel Duboise's Regi-
ment. Resolved, That Thomas Lewis, Gent., be, and be is hereby, appointed an Ensign in Colonel Duboise's Regi-
ment. Resolved, That Henry J. Vanderbergh, Gent., be, and is hereby, appointed an Ensign in Colonel Duboise's
he
NOVEMBER,
fee.,
960
1776.
Andrew Harkness,
General J. Clinton recommends
a
Captain Jackson's Company, for an Ensigncy; said Harkness is a good pensman and arithmetician. The General informs, that John McClmigery would suit an Ensigncy better than the Quartet-mastership he is now that the present Quarappointed to the 14th instant; and termaster, Jeremiah Carpenter, in the said Regiment, will is much better qualified. accept, and in the General's opinion Sergeant
in
Regiment. Resolved, That Nathaniel Birdsall, Gent., be, and he is Colonel Duboise's Regihereby, appointed an Ensign iu
ment. Resolved, That Jacobus Slcght, Gent., be, and he is in Colonel Duboise's Regihereby, appointed an Ensign ment. Resolved, That Thompson, late a Sergeant in Colonel Humphrey's Regiment, be, and he is hereby, apColonel Duboise's Regiment. pointed an Ensign in Resolved, That Henry Duboise, Esq., be, and he is hereby, appointed Adjutant to the Regiment by Colonel Duboise.
commanded
Resolved, That John McClaughery be, and he is hereby, to Colonel Duboise's Regiment. appointed Quartermaster Resolved, That Albert Pawling, Esq., be, and he is to the Regiment of Colonel hereby, appointed Aid-Major of a the with Duboise, Major in the Continental serpay vice, and with the rank he is entitled to by his former commission in Colonel Duboise's Regiment. Resolved, That Recruiting Instructions be sent to the
and Ensigns above appointed, and that respective Captains a copy of the Resolution appointing each of them respectively be endorsed
Resolved,
on their respective Instructions. application be made to the Convention
That
an advance of the sum of State, towards the bounty
for
of
this
,
for
In
Committee of Arrangement,
;
Memorandum. John Houston, now the 8th Captain in Colonel Gansevoort's, was a Second Lieutenant last year. Jonathan Pearcy, now First Lieutenant in First Company of said Regiment, was a First Lieutenant last year, and returned from Canada in June last. Agreeable to the proposal sent to Captain Rosecrans, of choosing whether he should go into Colonel Duboise's or Livingston's Regiment, he has chosen the former. Resolved, That he continue in Colonel Dubois's Regiment. his
Resolved, That Henry Swartivout, Edward Weaver, John McClaughrey, Jacobus Sleght, Henry J. Vanderberg, Nathaniel Birdsall, and Thomas Lewis,be, and they are hereby appointed, Ensigns in the regiment
Colonel DUBOY'S Officers on the
Resolved, That Doctor John Coats be appointed Surto the said
Regiment. is
hereby,
appointed Paymaster to said Regiment. Resolved, That Colonel De Witt be requested to transmit to Major Pawling the resolution of his appointment, and to inform him that it is the earnest wish of the Committee of Arrangement that he may accept the same. Resolved, That Henry Pawling, who is appointed a First Lieutenant in Colonel Gansevoort's Regiment, be removed to the Regiment to be raised and appointed by Colonel Duboise, and that he hold the same rank there that he was entitled to by a former commission. Letter from General George Clinton, of this date, recommending Lieutenant Lawrence to an appointment on
A
New Arrangement'. Resolved, That Lieutenant Andrew Lawrence be, and he is hereby, appointed a Lieutenant in the Regiment of
the
Colonel Duboise. Letter from John McKesson, Esq., recommending Mr.
A
Alexander McArthur and Mr. John I. Myers to appointments on the New Arrangement. Resolved, That Mr. Alexander McArthur be, and he is hereby, appointed a Second Lieutenant in the Regiment of Colonel Duboise. Resolved, That Simon Crygier be, and he is hereby, appointed an Ensign in the Regiment commanded by Colonel Cortlandt, and in Captain Jonathan Hallet's Com-
pany. In Committee of Arrangement, Fishkill,
December
Rob't Harpur, Chairman pro Duer, Colonel De Witt. Present:
Jacobus A. Rosa, Ensign,
now
Company, in the late Regiment recommended by said General Israel Smith's
tern.,
Colonel
of Captain Jackson's
of General James Clinton, as an
Ensign
in
Captain
Company
recommended by
the General to a commission, preserving his rank, in any of the new Regiments.
A
Letter received from Captain Ben. Walker, requesting he is unwell, Subalterns may be appointed imme diately, and clothing given to his men. that, as
New
Arrangement.
Captains.
Jacobus Rosecrans, Amos Hutchins,
Philip Dubois Bevier,
Wm.
Brinton Payne,
Harry Godwin.
I.
Smith,
James Stewart, Second Lieutenants.
Alex'r McArthur.
Samuel English Ensigns. J.
Henry Swartwout, Edward Weaver,
Henry Nath
Tho's Lewis,
Jacobus Sleght,
1
Vanderberg,
Birdsall,
Thompson, John McClaughery.
Henry Dubois
Adjutant. Quartermaster.
Nehemiah Carpenter
Resignations of Officers received by the Committee of Arto the 14th day of day of rangement from the December, inclusive. Van Schaick's. Garret Veder, Captain, Samuel Van Veghten, John Lansingh, Junior, 1st Lieutenant, John Verner, Ensign,
Ten Eyck, Abraham G. Lansingh,
John
J.
Cortlandt's.
Livingston's.
Lieut. Colonel Hulbert.
Richard Platt, Elijah Hunter, John Johnston,
James M. Hughes,
1st
Lieutenant,
John Johnson, 2dLieut.
Peter J. Schuyler.
December 22c?, 1776. Colonel Duboys requests that the Rev. John Mason be appointed a Chaplain to his Regiment.
December 23d, 1776. Resolved, That Samuel Lewis be, and he is hereby, appointed an Ensign in Captain Abraham Swartwout's Company and Colonel Gansevoort's Regiment.
18th, 1776.
of Colonel Livingston's Regiment, and Second Lieutenant Peter Elsworth in the room of Lieutenant Lee, should he resign. First Lieutenant Lee also
commanded by Colonel
Dubois.
out of the Treasury recruiting the said
Resolved, That Dennis Tappen be, and he
December 20th, 1776.
Colonel Ganscvoort. Mr. Ganscvoort recommends Silas Grey as a good officer and is worthy the notice of the Committee that Colonel Gansevoort would be happy in having him appointed a Second Lieutenant in his Battalion.
Regiment. geon
Fishkill,
Resolved, That Mr. Josiah Bagley be, and he is hereby, appointed an Ensign in the Regiment commanded by
as
December 23 d, 1776. Resolved, That Lieutenant ThomLee be, and he is hereby, appointed a Captain in the
Regiment commanded by Colonel Duboys. December 93d, 1776. Resolved, That the following be, the rank roll of agreeable to the request of Colonel Duboys, and that the Officers do hold their respechis Regiment ;
tive
their
the Continental establishment, agreeable to former commissions
ranks
in
:
Jacobus Rosecrans, 1st Captain, Henry Dodge, 1st Lieutenant, Samuel Dodge, 2d Lieutenant, Henry Swurtwout, Ensign.
Henry Vanderberg, 1st Lieutenant, James Belts, 2d Lieutenant, Henry J. Vanderberg, Ensign.
Amos
William
Hutchins, Captain, Patton Jackson, 1st Lieutenant, John Forman, 2d Lieutenant,
Edward Weaver, Ensign.
Captain, resigned,
I.
Smith, Captain.
THE
961
KING'S
James Stewart, Captain, John Burnet, 1st Lieutenant, Alexander McArthur, 2cl Lieuten 't, John McCloughery, Ensign.
SPEECH TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.
room of Captain Brinton Payne, of Colonel Duboys's Regi-
Henry Godwin, Captain, Andrew Lawrence, 1st Lieutenant,
Thomas Lee, Captain, Brinkley, 1st Lieutenant, Henry Pauling, 1st Lieutenant, Samuel English, 2d Lieutenant, Nathaniel Birdsall,2u Lieutenant, Thomas Beyux, Ensign. Jacobus Sleght, Ensign. Philip Dul>oys Bevier, Captain,
Thomas
the
Resolved, That Mr. Christopher Hutton be, and he is hereby, appointed an Ensign in the Regiment commanded by Colonel Gansevoort, and in Captain Henry Tieboud
same
He
Company.
has
Timothy Smith, Ensign, told the January 1st, 1777. Chairman he had declined serving, and Joshua Hubbard, a
1,500 more 1,500 already of that sum, and wants immediately. December 24^A. Second Lieutenant Daniel Lawrence in the New Arrangeapplies for to be taken as an officer ment. He entered a Second Lieutenant in Rosecrans's Company last February; was a Lieutenant of the Militia Mr. before; can be recommended by General J. Clinton. McNeal recommends as a stout, good officer. Mr. Sackett
drawn
knows him,
good-looking young fellow, desires to be put in his room; Hubbard was a Corporal in Captain Chas. Graham's Company, and from Suffolk County. Captain Jacob Wright recommended by General Scott as said
officer for a Captain on the New Arrangement. Timothy Hughs, Nath'l Henry, Lieutenants in Colonel Nicholson's Regiment, also Lieutenant Guy Young, for Lieutenants; and Jonathan Brown, Francis Shaw, and
an excellent
Mr. Gilbert Livingston. Resolved, That Barent J. Ten Eyck, Esq., be, and he is hereby, appointed a Captain in the Regiment commanded by Colonel Goose Van Schaick. as also
Bennet, for Ensigns, recommended by Colonel Van Schaick. Jeremiah Lansing recommended for a Paymaster to Colonel Gansevoort's Regiment, or any other, by the Pres-
28th.
30th.
and he
is
Resolved, That Jeremiah C. Muller, Gent., be, hereby, appointed an Ensign in the Regiment
commanded by Colonel Van Schaick. Memorandum. Jonathan Piercy was Lieutenant the
first
in
man
January
1st.
sign,) resigns. if
to
ident,
first
four
General Ten Broeck.
Captain Dan'l Griffin, 1st Captain in J. Clinton's Regiment, recommended for Lieutenant-Colonel to Colonel He is before Lieutenant-Colonel Livingston's Regiment. Hulbert in rank. He and Benjamin Marvin petitioned the Convention on the 23d December, 1774. Sergeant fVUCm Erskin recommended by Captain Godwin as an excellent fellow for an Ensign, and requests him
the eldest First
to be be preferred to a company. Mr. Timothy Smith, of Goshen, (an EnHe will recommend an Ensign in his stead
the
who
has resigned; and that he, the said Piercy, shall the rank he is entitled to from his former compreserve mission.
ment,
Ebenezer Mott, 2d Lieutenant, Thomas Lewis, Ensign.
Memorandum. Colonel Duboys requests that sum be granted him as was to the other Colonels.
962
Regiments, and then said
agreeable.
for his
January Qd, 1777. Mr. Harpur proposes the following Resolve for the approbation of the Committee of Arrangement, viz: That First Lieutenant Jonathan Piercy, who was the eldest Lieutenant in the first four Regiments of this State, be, and lie is hereby, appointed a Captain, in the
company.
Doctor Win. Mead, recommended to Colonel Cortlandt's Regiment by Mr. Jay, Captain Pell, and others, as a good He has lodged a certificate of his examination by Surgeon. Doctor Bard with the Convention, by the hands of Mr.
Tompkins.
DEBATES IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND HOUSE OF COMMONS ON MEASURES RELATING TO AMERICA, DURING THE SESSION OF PARLIAMENT COMMENCING ON THURSDAY, THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY OF OCTOBER, 1776.
HOUSE OF LORDS. Thursday, October
The King came
to the
session with the following
"
as to give the strongest hopes of the most decisive good consequences; but, notwithstanding this fair prospect, we must, at all events, prepare for another campaign. "I continue to receive assurances of amity from the several Courts of Europe, and am using my utmost endeavours
31st, 1776.
House of Peers, and opened the Speech to both Houses :
Lords and Gentlemen : My " Nothing could have afforded me so much
unhappy differences between two neighbouring and I still hope, that all misunderstandings may be removed, and Europe continue to enjoy the inestimable to conciliate
satisfaction
Powers
as to have been able to inform you, at the opening of this session, that the troubles which have so long distracted my Colonies in North America were at an end ; and that my
I think, nevertheless, that in the blessings of peace. present situation of affairs, it is expedient that we should be in
unhappy people, recovered from their delusion, had delivered themselves from the oppression of their leaders, and
a respectable state of defence at
But so daring and desperate is the returned to their duty. of those leaders, whose object has always been doallegiance to the
Crown, and
now openly renounced
political connection with this country: they have rejected, with circumstances of indignity and insult, the means of conciliation held out to them under the authority of our commission, and have all
all
presumed to set up their rebellious Confederacies for indeIf their treason be suffered to take root, pendent States. much mischief must grow from it, to the safety of my loyal Colonies, to the commerce of my Kingdoms, and indeed to
"My "
the present system of all Europe. One great advantage, will be derived from the object of the Rebels
enjoyed ernment, than those
being openly avowed and clearly understood: we shall have unanimity at home, founded in the general conviction of the justice and necessity of our measures.
"I am happy to inform you, that by the blessing of Divine Providence on the good conduct and valour of my officers and forces by sea and land, and on the zeal and bravery of the auxiliary troops in my service, Canada is recovered; and although, from unavoidable delays, the operations at New-York could not begin before the month of August, the success in that Province has been so important VOL.
III.
Lords and Gentlemen:
In this arduous contest, I can have no other object but No people to promote the true interests of all my subjects. more happiness, or lived under a milder Govever
however,
FIFTH SERIES.
home.
" Gentlemen of the House of Commons : " I will order the estimates for the ensuing year to be laid It is matter of real concern to me, that the before you. important considerations which I have stated to you, must I doubt not, necessarily be followed by great expense. faithful Commons will but that however, readily and my maintenance of cheerfully grant me such supplies as the the honour of my Crown, the vindication of the just rights of Parliament, and the publick welfare, shall be found to require.
spirit
minion and power, that they have
;
now
revolted Provinces.
The
improve-
ments in every art of which they boast, declare it; their numbers, their wealth, their strength by sea and land, which to enable them to make head against they think sufficient the whole power of the mother country, are irrefragable desire is to restore to them the blessings of it. proofs of law and liberty, equally enjoyed by every British subject, which they have fatally and desperately exchanged for all the calamities of war, and the arbitrary tyranny of their
My
chiefs."
61
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
963
DEBATE ON THE LORDS' ADDRESS OF THANKS. His Majesty having
The
retired,
of CARLISLE said, that he rose with great reluctance, knowing his own incapacity, either to take the lead on so important an occasion, the most so this country Earl
ever hefore experienced, or to pay that just tribute of thanks due to the gracious speech from the Throne, a speech, he would venture to affirm, replete with the strongest marks of
sound policy, royal wisdom, and paternal tenderness, for the His prosperity, happiness, and freedom of all his subjects. had been the nation into that observed, brought Lordship Us present critical and dangerous situation, by the arts of and he could not, while he designing, ambitious men lamented the influence the leaders in America had orer ;
their deluded, infatuated brethren, help remarking, that the
present daring and open hostilities commenced, abetted, and avowed, which preceded their declaration of independency, would never have happened, if that disobedient, traitorous and strengthened spirit had not been fomented, nourished,
by a
set
of
men
in this
shamefully sacrificed
and ambition.
He
became dangerous
country, who, deserting
them
its
interests,
to their personal views of faction
ground taken on
said, the
this
occasion
to its
proportion plausibility ; for it was, indeed, hardly conceivable, that the people of America, who owed so many obligations to the parent State, in
who were
at once bound to it by every tie of gratitude and and every bond of union which nature and affection could render sacred, would ever break and cancel them all without any real provocation but the event had proved the contrary and as the noble Lords on the other side of the House founded their opposition on the idea, that America never did aim at independency, he trusted now that the question had totally altered its nature, the consequence of such alteration would be an unanimity as complete, as he interest,
:
;
was assured
it
would be
decisive, in restoring
to this
peace and divided Empire. His Lordship commented on several parts of the speech from the Throne, particularly on the zeal and bravery of the King's troops, the recovery of Canada, and the late success on Long-Inland. He spoke with warmth upon the insolence of the Rebels (as he called them) in refusing to treat with the Commissioners appointed by his Majesty. He bestowed several harsh expressions on the conduct and behadistracted
viour of the Congress ; spoke of the necessity of vigorously exerting ourselves in the course of the ensuing campaign, in
order to repair the repeated injuries, and to heal the wounds the constitution and interests of this country have received
from its base and unnatural children; and concluded with assuring their Lordships, that he did not entertain a single doubt but that ample reparation would be obtained, and that the whole would in the end terminate to the mutual happiness and advantage of both countries.
His Lordship then moved an Address to the King. Earl
FAUCONBERG seconded
the motion.
His Lordship
question between Great Britain and America was changed ; the original one, relative to taxaThe alternative was now, whether tion, no longer existing. we should forever relinquish America, and submit to the
observed, that the
consequences which must inevitably ensue, from our giving up all future pretensions to a superiority over that country ? or, considering the great and important stake for which we are contending, make one vigorous effort to bring its deluded inhabitants back to a He was proper sense of their duty? for the latter.
The
Marquis of ROCKINGHAM condemned, in very strong terms, the contents of the speech, which he treated as the He remarked on the following passpeech of the Minister. " No the speech people ever enjoyed greater hapor lived under a milder government, than those now piness, revolted Provinces, the art of which improvements in
sage
in
:
every
they
boast declared
it;
their
their wealth, their think sufficient to make they
number,
strength by sea and land, which head against the whole power of the mother country, are This passage, his Lordship conirrefragable proofs of it." tended, was a virtual censure of the present Administration, and pointed out the impolicy of forcing such a people into rebellion. It proved, beyond question, the great advantages of a mild Government, and the evils resulting from a cruel and oppressive one. He presumed that Ministers would
hardly pretend to say, that
it
was the present system of
964
measures under which this people throve, and rose to that pitch of opulence and strength, they themselves had given so lively and apt a description of; if it was not, but that it evidently impeded instead of augmenting this state of domestick prosperity, it followed of course, that America owed its greatness to a system of mild Government; and that a direct deviation, or total abandonment of that system, was w hat gave occasion to the present cruel and unnatural civil
He
said, whatever colour might be now given to the state of affairs, taxation was the original cause ; and present he still continued to think, as he had always declared him-
war.
self,
that the only sure constitutional taxes which could to be drawn from the Colonies, would be the
ought
or
monopoly
of their trade
and the other great advantages drawn from their constitutional dependency and connection with the parent State; and though the right were clearly on our side, nay, even that there were some degree of necessity for ex;
ercising it, yet when the real disposition of the people to be known, their resources, strength, and numbers, to be revealed, and the enormous expense of
came came
prosecuting
such an expensive war, at so great a distance, was properly considered; motives of expediency in the first instance, and considerations of the possible impracticability of such an attempt, united, would induce him for one to consent to any reasonable terms of accommodation. What, said his Lord-
do Ministers tell us this day ? They come forward, and, through the medium of the speech, write a panegyrick on their own conduct. I will put the whole of their defence ship,
on
this short issue,
without entering into particulars: I will with themselves. I ask them, in the whole course of their extensive reading, knowledge, experience, or to the utmost stretch of their belief, whether they ever heard, or can now be persuaded to think, that a whole leave
the decision
people, so numerous, and living under so many different forms of Government, though members of the same political body, ever unanimously confederated to join in a revolt, under a
and equitable administration of publick affairs America 1 His Lordship arraigned besides the on which the measures have been all along con-
rnild, wise,
relative to
principle
ducted and
He
supported, that of unconditional submission. was abhorrent to the subjects of this free
said, the idea
Government
;
that
Englishmen, whatever
their local situa-
know no obedience to any thing but the laws may and that when the protection of the laws was taken away in several instances, particularly by the Capture Act, when tion
be,
;
they were declared open enemies, and put out of the King's peace, it was impossible for them to do otherwise than they did. If they declared themselves independent, it was long after they were declared enemies ; and for his part he could not possibly see what degree of obedience was due, where publick protection was openly withdrawn.
His Lordship then moved an amendment to the Address.
The Duke of MANCHESTER drew a parallel between the present state of the British empire, and that of ancient Rome in its decline. He observed, in one, as the other, the mere forms of the constitution were preserved long after every effort of despotism and arbitrary power were felt in their lullest extent.
Imperial
Rome
oppressed her provinces
and dependencies, like Britain; her subjects bowed under the yoke of the most insupportable oppression, like that endeavoured to be inflicted on our colonists and he did not hesitate to foretell, that as in one instance the distant subjects ;
of that proud, overbearing mistress of the universe, by the injustice and severity of her government, forced her provinces to resist her lawless power ; so in the other, this country had alienated the obedience and affection of her American subjects, which would bring on a dismemberment of the empire, and probably terminate in a total dissolution of this Go\*ernment. His Grace remarked on that passage in the speech (the whole of which he imputed to tlie Minister) relative to assurances of amity, said to be received from the several courts of Europe, in a very pointed manner. He said, it contained the most improbable information that could be
well conceived, unless we supposed, that the framers of the speech, and those who advised the present naval armaments,
thought differently on the same day; or were not the same persons; for if assurances were given, and that they were to be depended on, why have recourse to that mode of
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
965 manning our Navy, a
press,
which was known
to
be fraught
with so many hardships and inconveniences, and which should never he resorted to, but in seasons of difficulty and assurances of amity If, on the other hand, those danger ?
be relied on, why deceive the puhlick and Parliaand flagrant a manner ? Why delude them tell them, on the eve of a into a dangerous repose ? Why ? But rupture, that we were in a state of perfect tranquillity
were not
ment
his
to
in so gross
Grace
insisted, that
we ought
not, in
the present situa-
however strong, or reasons however plausible, when facts were so evidently He had, he said, the most undoubted informaagainst them. tion, that whatever those assurances might be, they ought not a matter having come to his own knowledge, to be relied on or at least it came so well authenticated, that he was perHe would just true. fectly satisfied of its being indisputably mention it for the present, presuming, if it were false it would be contradicted, in which case he would quote his authority ; if it were not, then it would remain at least a strong circumtion of affairs, to trust either to assurances,
;
The fact of the address. was, that a gentleman, on whose veracity he could depend, assured him, that he had been at Havre-de-Grace some short time since, where he saw a vessel publickly loading with fire-arms and other military stores for the use of the Provincials. If, in the language of the speech, the Americana were to be esteemed Rebels, and if rebels in arms were to be stantial contradiction to that part
discover the source of our present calamities, and to devise remedies the best suited to their cure and removal. Lord CARDIFF [Lord Mountstuart] declared the Colonists to be exceedingly ungrateful. He said, from their first emigration from this country they had manifested a most disloyal
and republican
proportion to the favours
and premiums, and the blood and treasure we had
spilt
and
been wasted in defending and covering them from a dangerous and superior enemy during the late war, to a degree, he feared, that would not shortly, if ever, be recovered; and now the return we met with was, to be involved in a bloody, expensive contest, on the issue of which the dearest interests of this country were staked, perhaps its very exsitence as a He trusted, howgreat commercial and maritime Power. ever, such being the provocations on our part, and such the unparalleled baseness on theirs, that the spirit of the British nation would be roused, so as to take the necessary measures for their effectual chastisement. He could not, he said, agree with the
amendment proposed by
the noble Marquis,
reasons; but for none more than that it matters forward which, at least for the present, brought formed no part of the question. If Ministers had neglected for
many cogent
He said, that it was now no the speech on another ground. secret, that a fleet had lately sailed from Cadiz, with a con-
now under
Supposing the former not no doubt could be entertained of the latter,
in
lavished in their service, they had been disobedient, turbulent, and ungrateful ; that our strength and finances had
their duty;
body of land forces on board. This armament must be destined to carry on hostilities against us in some or to be part of the western world, or for South America,
spirit;
we had heaped upon them, the protection we had afforded, the encouragement we had given them in free ports, bounties
looked upon as open enemies, the fact now alluded to was an irrefragable proof, that France was in the first stage of open enmity with Great Britain. His Grace then contradicted the substantial information of
siderable
DGG
if they suffered themselves to be deceived; if they misled Parliament; those might be all proper objects of inquiry at a suitable and convenient season. That was The only matter not the subject of the present Address.
discussion, or worthy of debate, was, What is What are the present state and condition of our Colonies ? the resolution and final determination of our subjects in
America'?
Have
not they declared themselves an indein arms in support of that
Are not they
pendent State?
Have
not they pulled off the mask, and
employed against the Portuguese.
independency
to be the case,
avowed themselves open enemies ? The question of taxation alluded to by the noble Marquis is now totally lost, or buried
which came exactly to the same point because, if Portugal were attacked, Britain must consequently be involved in a war, unless we broke our engagements with Portugal, and ;
sacrificed our
dearest interests to the blind rage of
making We were a conquest of our fellow-subjects in America. bound by treaty, he insisted, to support and defend Por-
?
an obstinate and loud appeal to arms. They no longer it necessary to conceal their real sentiments they have put us to defiance, and the event must inevitably be the full assertion of our legislative authority over them, or Should the latter be the submitting to forever relinquish it. in
think
;
tugal; our interests, as well as our solemn engagements, The difference was therefore very little, compelled us to it. whether France or Spain broke with us openly, or in this
case, then farewell to the importance of this country.
roundabout, indirect manner, the consequences would be the same: we should in the end find ourselves engaged in a war with the united force of the House of Bourbon. Portugal
eral considerable acquisitions of territory
had already given us the highest instance in their power of their friendship they had forbid the Provincials from enterHad France or Spain done so ? The coning their ports. If. then, taking the question in either trary was notorious. ;
an attack of Spain on our ally, or the open encouragement given to our subjects now in arms against us, he wished to know from Administration what- requisitions had been made on our part, to bring the Courts of Versailles and Madrid to an explanation on those very important points; light, as
what was the
now
effect of those requisitions
finally, at so critical
;
and what we had
a
period, to depend observing that no reliance
on
?
His
was to be Grace concluded by had at any time on the pacifick assurances of those courts, much less when their conduct contradicted them that therefore a tame acquiescence in whatever measures they might think proper to adopt, or an immediate war with those Powers, was inevitable, which, considering the present distracted and almost exhausted state of this country, threatened no less than its total ruin. He had foreseen this from the beginning; he had often foretold it. He was in future ;
determined to lament it in silence, as all further efforts, he perceived, would be in vain however, as the last attempt, he very readily joined in the amendment moved by his noble friend [the Marquis of Rocltingham.} The speech was no more than a recommendation of the same ruinous system of measures, which had brought us into our present perilous and If the amendment was tremendous situation. agreed to, it would give the House time to consider and devise some means of averting the innumerable dangers with which we were now surrounded; the first salutary and effectual step to which would, in his opinion, be the appointing a com;
mittee to inquire into the state of the nation, in order to
state of
Europe, he observed, had undergone an almost
The total
establishment of those Colonies.
Sevhad been made by the great States, who may be supposed to be the rivals The wealth and additional of our power and greatness. which we have hitherto derived from our Colonies strength have enabled us to retain our consequence and superiority in the grand European system. What, then, would be the on consideration of self-preservation, effect, merely probable but that, stripped of so ample a support, we should dwindle so as, in the first instance, to lose our importance in that system, and, in the end, to become a Province of the first
change since the
first
ambitious
Power who might
instance
France, our natural
think proper to attack us ? For rival and enemy, is a vast, extensive, opulent country, full of inhabitants, fertile in soil, rich in native produce, and rendered more so by the industry
of
:
it is compact in itself; its strength is easily how, then, can it be expected that Great Britain and Ireland, inferiour in every respect, and divided and
its
people;
collected
;
broken by seas, could withstand so formidable a Power, if those sources of wealth and strength derived from our Colonies were to be cut off, which must be the case should we tamely permit America to remain independent. This, his Lordship presumed, was the true point on which
day would turn. It fairly included Whether, by foregoing our superiority were at the same time willing to take
the deliberations of this this short question
:
over America, we such a resolution, with all the consequences now described, He said, besides this which he contended must follow ? inducement to a vigorous exertion of our grand, this leading whole strength, there were many collateral circumstances which gave him hopes that the general impressions of deto be made by the noble Marquis and spondency attempted the noble Duke who spoke last, were ill-founded, and were
He said, the deneither supported by fact or probability. luded people of America had been inflamed, misled, and hurried on by their leaders; that the late success of his
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
067
Majesty's forces on Long- hi and, and the events which might reasonahly be expected in consequence of that success, gave the most rational ground to expect that his in
Majesty's subjects
America would
recollect themselves,
duty and such of them as all along retained their loyalty, be emancipated from the cruel oppressions they had sustained for their attachment to the mother country; which would create such an additional strength as not only to rescue the Province of New-York from under the dominion of its merciless oppressors, but likewise to establish a civil Government in that Province, and from thence its influence and example, the blessings of peace, extend,
and return
to their
;
by
its several neighbouring Colonies; which he time, would, hoped, by that means be communicated He said he felt as strongly as to the whole Continent. in the House for the miseries of war; he always Lord any while he lamented thought it should be the last resource yet
law, and liberty, to in
;
him that its temporary of Government; of a restoration be might productive since nothing else was capable of bringing back the people to their duty: one part, he trusted, would return from mothe other from finding they tives of loyalty and inclination had no protection but what might be derived from a restoration of peace, and a submission to the constitutional suits
ravages,
was
it
a consolation to
effects
;
premacy of the parent State. He was every way satisfied that this would be the event of the ensuing campaign, if determined on with unanimity here, and carried on with
He did not, however, according to the lanvigour there. of the amendment, guage expect, much less wish, that the people of America should yield to an abject or servile sub-
the people of
publicanism
in
disobedience.
968
America were
tainted with principles of regeneral, and had always showed a spirit of He denied that either of those assertions
were strictly just. The charge of republicanism was never even attempted to be made against any but the Northern Colonies, and there, he believed, with great injustice. And the charge of disobedience was still worse founded; for he believed, if the history of the Colonies was impartially considered and fairly decided on, from their first establishment, it would be found that no subjects had ever exhibited stronger of proofs duty, attachment, obedience, and affection for the If, indeed, the same spirit which compelled parent State. the first settlers to fly from the ecclesiastical and civil persecution and oppression of a tyrant was a spirit of republicanism, he trusted that spirit would never be extinct, either there or here; for if it should, then despotism would triumph, and nothing would be left for the Prince on the throne but to possess himself of the liberties of the people thus deserted
and surrendered. He repeated his disapprobation of the address and amendment, and said he should not vote for either.
The Duke of RICHMOND arraigned istration in relation to the affairs
the conduct of
of America
;
Admin-
and described
what he called the tremendous and awful situation this great empire was reduced to, the whole of which he attributed to a want of wisdom in Ministers, as well as a want of virtue in Parliament. His Grace mentioned the several measures adopted by the King's servants against that country, and reminded
mission.
their Lordships, that the consequences from the beginning to the very close of the last session, were exactly, nay, almost literally foretold by those who disapproved of
istration,
them
It was not, he dared to say, the wish of AdminIt was, nor of any noble Lord in that House. however, now become indispensably necessary to the interests, nay, to the very existence of the British empire, that the supremacy of this Legislature should be maintained and
When
was once fully established, he doubted not but the people of America would receive every satisfaction and security for every just grievance they may have felt, and every right they may be asserted in
entitled
full
its
extent.
to enjoy as
that point
British subjects.
Fully convinced of
the justice of the cause, and of the propriety of the measures recommended in the speech, he must, he said, differ from the
amendment proposed, and
give an affirmative to the
now moved. The Earl of DERBY spoke warmly
that there was something very remarkable, however, combination of cause and effect; for while Opposition predicted the probable operation those coercive laws would ;
in this
produce, they did not neglect to remind Ministers, that they supposed those laws were expressly enacted for that purpose; if so, though such a conduct might well serve to impeach the justice of the measures, it proved in some degree, that they were not so much the effect of ignorance as design. America had the alternative to submit, or to abide the event of resistance; the several oppressive laws spoke that language; and as America refused to accede to terms of unconditional submission, she
address
dependent.
in favour of the speech, and against America, which, he said, had entered into the most horrid and unprovoked rebellion ever known in the annals of this or any other country. He insisted that
cessful,
they had an equitable as well as a legal right to contribute towards the national burden incurred during the late war on
account first, on the constitutional right the parent State had to regulate, controul, and give law to all its de-
their
:
pendencies, which inherent right especially included the power of taxation ; secondly, because one-half the publick debt was incurred in defending and protecting them. He
complimented such of his noble auditory as always looked upon the disobedience and resistance made to the laws enacted in support of the exercise of our constitutional if not a
superiority over America, as a strong indication, substantial avowal, of their intended
independency.
He
observed, that such being the fact, now no longer to be controverted, he was astonished that any noble Lord, who declared himself a friend to Britain, could possibly hesitate about agreeing with the address, as the measures it was
meant
to sanctify were the only means to save the British His Lordship empire from certain ruin and destruction. lamented the factious spirit, both here and in America, which had been the cause of the present melancholy state
of publick affairs; and hoped, as the only means of reparation left, that those who had unhappily fomented the present disturbances, that those
who
had, by the strongest reiterated assurances, pledged themselves to the nation that America only wished for a constitutional dependency, not to deny or throw off the supreme legislative power of the Parliament of
Great Britain, would now candidly confess
their errour,
and
prove themselves only mistaken, not intentionally wrong. The Earl of RADNOR made seveial observations on the sentiments delivered by the last noble Lord but one, [Lord He said that he could not agree with the proCardiff.] posed address or amendment, neither of them coming up to his ideas. The noble Lord [Lord Cardiff] asserted that
was of course compelled
to declare herself inIn that point of view, Ministers had been suc-
and gained what they secretly wished for, though not dare to openly avow it; they put all on the of a trial of strength between the parties, in which
they did issue
Such, struggle they flatter themselves they shall prevail. certainly, was the express intention of the Capture Act; nothing
less
could be expected:
this
law was passed
in
order
to put the Colonies to the test; it was meant to produce submission or independency ; the former, in that stage of
independency was looked one instance at least, were not disapTo prove the truth of what he now asserted, he pointed. gave a short history of the Capture Act; he showed, that the King's speech, on the opening of the preceding session, promised that Commissioners should be sent out to treat with the Americans ; that when this promise came to be fulfilled controversy, for
;
was not expected
and Ministers,
;
in
by Ministers, the farce was still kept up in the Capture Act, though nothing more than a bare power to receive submissions, and grant pardons, was expressed: yet trifling, absurd, and insidious, as this must appear, Ministers were resolved, that no good consequence should arise, for though 'the Royal word was pledged in October, and the law was passed the next month, no attempt was made to fulfill it on the part of This brought Administration for full seven months after. strongly into his mind a passage in a modern writer [Mr. Gibbon] who has written on the causes of the decline of the
Roman Empire;
where, speaking of the Christians, and the suffered under some of the Roman Emthey persecutions he says, " they were thus driven from the protection perors, His Grace commented very pointedly on that of the law." " that his desire passage in the King's speech, which says, is to restore to them of America] the blessings [the people of law and liberty, equally enjoyed by every British subThis, he said, was a palpable fallacy; and could be ject." only introduced into the speech by the Minister, in order to mislead the people of this country, and to incense them against their lellow-subjects in America; and he expressed his astonishment at the temerity of those who thus dared to
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
969
It was put such a sentence in the mouth of their Sovereign. absurd to the last degree; it was known to be directly repugnant to the express constitutional system of government established in this country, to that power of commer-
and that great control lodged in the seat of empire commercial law, the act of navigation, which withheld several great advantages from our dependencies in Ireland and America; consequently, it was a vile imposition to suppose, that either the Sovereign could or would restore to America the blessings of law and liberty, equally enjoyed by every British subject, because such a promised enjoyment was no cial
;
contemplation than it was totally impracticable His Grace next lamented the extreme of he boldly affirmed, that it was Government ; degeneracy carried on solely through the means of bribery and corrupless false in
in the execution.
conduct was laid aside, which freedom of or freedom of acting. thought, upon depended The indiscriminate support Ministers received, to whatever measures they thought proper to propose, though ever so ruinous and destructive, furnished daily proofs of it; and what, from a total disregard which prevailed among publick men, to the interests of the nation, and the innumerable tion
;
that all test of publick
modes of corruption, long
established, with the
new ones
daily devised and discovered, he was in his conscience satisfied, that nothing but the personal virtue of the Sovereign Like prevented this country from a total loss of liberty.
Sweden, it was ripe for the event; and he begged leave once more to give the most solemn testimony, to declare from the bottom of his heart, that nothing but the virtue of the Sovereign on the throne prevented this country from being at present under the dominion of arbitrary power. His Grace, after testifying his high esteem for the Generals Howe and Carleton, with both of whom he had served,
men equally deserving in their private characters, as of high merit in their respective professions, lamented the fatal effects of the war, with the conduct of which they are entrusted.
From
their
known temper and
disposition
he
tions, his
Grace took occasion
predicament
this
country
now
970 to expatiate on the dangerous stood in, a probable rupture
with France and Spain, a civil war with our Colonies, our only national defence at the mercy this instant of our natural enemies, an accumulating debt, divided councils, and a distracted people on the verge of political despair. In such a dire and calamitous situation, he recommended a recon-
ciliation
with our Colonists upon any terms.
would be much
He
thought
it
have them as friends than enemies, though we should be under the necessity of acknowledging them as so many independent States. He concluded his speech with protesting, that he did not believe that any measures that could now be adopted, would ever reconcile better to
the people of America to our
Government the attempt, in was impracticable. Though a change of Administration, and a change of measures in consequence thereof, should take place, he had no expectation that for his part A either, or both, would produce any good consequence. ;
his opinion,
noble Lord, early in the debate, [Lord Cardiff,] had supposed, that this country would not support its rank, as a great European Power, without the Colonies: his Grace strongly
doubted the truth of this reasoning. Britain had cut as conspicuous a figure, as she has done since, in the time of the Protectorate, before the Colonies were any addition to .he strength or opulence of this country. Be that as it may, if the task of conquest was impracticable, as he believed it was, it would be better to retain our native strength than In such a train of impending evils, waste it to no purpose. as surrounded us on every side, he could only venture to
pronounce one certain truth, that he was satisfied the counwas ruined, he feared the nation was undone.
try
The Earl of SANDWICH said, the speech recommended measures so wisely framed, and so peculiarly well suited to the present situation of affairs, that he should not have troubled their Lordships, had not the noble Duke, who spoke last, alluded to some matters which, as connected with the office at which he had the honour to preside, he looked
The
should have conceived
upon himself
as the laws of war prescribed. This was that when we consideration, reflected, melancholy every life lost on either side was a diminution of that strength
noble Duke asserted, that the greatest part of our force was on the other side of the Atlantick, and that we were left The first of these assertions was not defenceless at home. founded in fact ; for out of twenty-eight thousand seamen, with one of the most formidable fleets this country ever
the most favourable hopes, if their hands had not been fettered by Ministers, nay, indeed, if they had not been actually prevented from taking any mea-
sures but such
a
which ought
to be preserved, and which should be only emThis led ployed against our natural and foreign enemies. " I still his Grace to that part of the speech, which says, that all be and removed, hope misunderstandings may Europe continue to enjoy the blessings of peace; I think it nevertheless necessary, that we should be in a respectable state of defence at home." This, he said, however artfully and plausibly disguised, with a view of answering a double purpose of holding out peace at the present, and preparing us for another interpretation, should the event make it necesIf any sary, was a most alarming piece of information.
explanation was wanting, the press-warrants lately issued would serve as the best comment ; they justified our apprehensions ; they confirmed our fears, and the more so, when we recollected, that the greatest part of our only sure bulwark and national defence, our Navy, was on the other side of the Atlantick. He observed, that Ministers had been
through inattention, or not being able to stand, on this critical and trying occasion, the test of inquiry. It very was no secret, he said, that France and Spain had been some time arming that the disputes between Spain and
silent
;
Portugal were notorious, and the publick declarations of a Minister, in high favour at Court, and influence in the Cabinet, relative to the intended conduct of this country, should a rupture be the consequence of those disputes, made this disagreement a matter of very serious consideration, particularly as the passage in the speech, which alludes to that " 1 important affair, says only, hope, Sic., that all misunOn the other hand, if the derstandings may be removed." repeated accounts be true, that an open* commerce is carried on between France and our Colonies if the latter, in return ;
for their
native
commodities, are supplied with military stores, will not this, if not discontinued on their part, be looked upon as an avowal of the cause of America ! So 1
that in either event, whether Portugal is attacked, or the Colonists are openly assisted and supported by France, a rupture with the united force of the House of Bourbon seems inevitable. From these important facts, and obvious deduc-
particularly called
upon
to
explain.
beheld, fifteen thousand, including the marines who were doing duty on shore, as well as on board the ships-of-war,
and two
line-of-battle-ships, were only on the other side of : and as to the other assertion, that we were
the Atlantick left in
for
a defenceless state at home, it was equally ill-founded; a naval force at this instant ready for sea, allow-
we had
ing that the Courts of Versailles and Madrid had any hostile intentions towards us, which he was persuaded they had
We not, fully sufficient for our defence and protection. had the most ample and unreserved assurances from those If they courts, of their pacifick and friendly dispositions. should turn out otherwise, we are prepared for the worst. He said, he looked upon it to be his duty, as an official man, to take care, that the Navy, which was our only national
He defence, should be in the best condition in his power. was happy to inform their Lordships, that it was so, and he was determined that this kingdom should be prepared for He should not follow the any event that might happen.
amendment made by different matters,
the noble Marquis, it took in so many relative to the present subject of
little
debate; but while it recommended a retrospective inquiry into the conduct of others, he could not, now he was up, we are help declaring, that the true cause of this civil war their of the bad was who, those, by in, policy engaged advice, power, influence, and official situations, laid a foundHe had often ation for it, by the repeal of the Stamp Act. said so, and would avow it with his last breath. As a friend to his country, he must dissent from the extraordinary the noble Duke who spoke last, proposition made by " recommending a reconciliation with America upon any terms, even upon grounds of admitting their independency." As an Englishman, and a friend to his country, he could he would never consent to subnot endure the thought ;
scribe to a doctrine so derogatory to the honour, so disgraceful to the character, and so destructive to the interests of
He would risk every thing sooner than accede he would hazard every drop of blood, and the last national treasure, sooner than Britain should shilling of the this
country.
to it;
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
971
be set at defiance, bullied, and dictated to by her ungrateful and undutiful children, her disobedient and rebellious sub-
He
alluded to a passage in the last-mentioned noble Duke's speech, in which he protested, that he did not
jects.
men
believe either a change of
or measures, in consequence of it, would effect a reconciliation, so as to bring America He believed his Grace, for back to her former disposition. he was certain that the resentments of America were not
men
directed against any particular set of
;
he was con-
vinced that they despised their supposed friends, as well as and that their intentions were their pretended enemies to render themselves indethe from beginning uniformly pendent of the parent State. The Duke of RICHMOND, mistaking his Lordship's words, He desired that he might be permitted to explain himself. last noble Lord imputed to him the the that supposed " Though there should be a change of following words He therefore no change of measures." be will men, there to be understood, that he neither meant, nor made ;
:
begged
He thought it necessary, for use of any such expression. he was certain, if there was a change of men, there would For his part, he did not wish to be a change of measures. take any official part in any such change, for the reason before assigned ; because he was morally certain that all would be in vain ; the moattempts to recover America
ment was
The
passed, that country
Earl of
was now
SANDWICH appealed Duke had not
recollection, if the noble
irretrievably lost. to their Lordships'
totally misstated his and wished to be set
words and misconceived his meaning, whether he had done more than repeat the words in the manner now explained by his Grace, as an argument to prove, that nothing now remained but to exert the force right,
of this country to the fullest extent, in reducing America to a proper state of legal and constitutional dependence. The Duke of GRAFTON prefaced his particular sentiments of the measures chalked out in the speech, in the strongest disapprobation of the conduct of Administration from the He pledged himself to the House, and to the beginning. while he had a leg to stand on, he would come publick, that after day, to express the most marked abhorrence of the measures hitherto pursued, and meant to be adhered
down, day
America. He condemned, in terms equally and unreserved, the measures which had compelled America to declare herself independent, though he was acted extremely wrong in sorry for it, and thought she so doing. He said, Ministers had not only effected this part of their scheme, by a set of the most cruel, oppressive, destructive, and impolitick laws, that were ever devised by a deliberate assembly, but they had likewise brought themselves into a situation which had been often predicted by those on this side of the House ; he intended by this expreshe meant sion, he said, no particular distinction of party only the noble Lords with whom he voted in the course of Those predictions the last session on American affairs. to, in respect to
explicit
;
Ministers affected to disbelieve; though the experience of that day, the very speech delivered from the throne, proved this truth ; and when other circumstances came to be revealed, their veracity could not be questioned, they were beyond the reach of doubt, much less of naked contradic-
He was justified,
from an authority which could not be disputed, to aver, that four ships of the line, with a considerable number of land forces on board, had lately sailed from Cadiz; that another fleet of seven men of war of the line, with a body of at least ten thousand land forces, were tion.
preparing to follow them
some months
;
that
the French had been for
employed in making very formidable naval preparations the consequence of which was, that a strong squadron of men-of-war were now lying at Brest, completely fitted and manned, waiting only for orders to proceed to the place of its intended destination. His Grace busily ;
attributed our present alarming situation to a
want of proper information it was, he contended, the great cause of all our misfortunes. Parliament was led blindfolded they :
;
assented to every thing Ministers proposed they reposed an unlimited confidence in their assurances ; and though, perhaps, from the same spirit of obstinacy and infatuation, they should wilfully continue to persist in errour, they must acknowledge that they were grossly, and, he believed wilHe reminded Ministers, how often, and fully deceived. with what confidence, the last year, when the possible, if not probable, interference of foreign Powers was suggested, ;
972
as a strong ground of expediency for us to relax in our
claims on America, and to adopt conciliatory measures, they pledged themselves to Parliament that no impediment or obstruction was to be dreaded from that quarter Court daily received the most full and
;
that our
satisfactory assursafely relied on, of the
ances, assurances that might be of both France and Spain; yet all of a pacifick disposition sudden press-warrants are issued, while, if the speech may be depended on, such a precaution is unnecessary. Two
days before the meeting of Parliament, the substance of the speech is flatly contradicted, the assurances are no longer to be relied on the noble Lord who presides at the Admiralty ;
became necessary to prepare for the worst. Lordship mean to amuse us, by telling us that our present armament was only meant to put us in a state of defence, confessing by that assertion, at the same time, that, before the steps now taken, the nation was not in a proper tells
you that
Does
it
his
state of defence, contrary to the repeated assurances his Lordship had given to this House that it was ?
that
The
Earl of SANDWICH (to explain) insisted that he never to say that the nation was not in a state of defence previous to the preparations now going on, for he was certain
meant that
we were
all
what he meant to say was, between Spain and Portugal,
along prepared
that as a dispute subsisted
;
which might call for our interference, as well as mediation, if pushed to extremities, he thought it his duty to prepare for the worst, in order to give our mediation the proper effect. The Duke of GRAFTON replied to this explanation by observing, that although every thing asserted by the noble Lord had been literally true, he begged leave to differ from
him
in
home defence could be looked we solely depended on our Navy.
thinking that our
as complete, while
upon Adverse winds and a thousand accidents
fleets
were
liable
pointed out the necessity of auxiliary assistance, such as a strong military force, should an enemy by chance, pr any other means, effect a landing. strong instance of the truth of this observation had, he begged leave to remind their Lordships, happened during the late war, when Sir to,
A
Edward Haivke was wind-bound
in Torbay, so as not to be able to prevent Conjlans from invading some part of these kingdoms, though he was apprised of his intention. At the critical instant Providence interposed, and the wind suddenly changing, Sir Edward was enabled to proceed to sea, and meet the enemy at the very moment they had" cleared the land, by which fortunate circumstance he was enabled to engage them, and defeating them, prevented an invasion which might have been productive of the worst His Grace concluded therefore, in answer consequences.
the noble Earl's general argument in support of the measures of Administration, allowing every one of his Lordship's assertions to be founded in fact, and to carry with them the effect they were wished to produce, that a powerto
ful
naval force was not sufficient alone for
that the silence of the other
members of
home defence
;
the Cabinet had
the most unfavourable appearance; and as the noble to trust so much to the respectable state of the
seemed
Lord
Navy
previous to the press, he would be glad to have a specifick to this question Was the naval force a fews days
answer
:
now fitting out and Brest from 1 if it was not, then ParBecause, ready liament had been designedly misled, the nation had been grossly and criminally deceived, Ministers had trusted the since a sufficient defence against that to sail
safety of the
kingdom
to
an
inferiour force,
and had by so
doing given Parliament official information that was not to be relied on. Such, then, being the state of publick affairs respecting both America and the unfavourable dispositions, if not the direct hostile intentions, of foreign Powers, the love he bore his country, his respect for his sovereign, his duty as a member of that House, forbid him to approve of
an address so big with mischief, and so much calculated to lull the nation into a fatal security, while its dearest interests, its very existence, were on the eve of being ultimately On the contrary, he would most earnestly decided upon.
recommend,
at
this
alarming
crisis, to
suspend
all
further
order that the House might resolve itself proceedings, into a Committee, to inquire into the state of the nation, to learn the true causes which have occasioned the revolt of in
our American subjects, to discover their authors, and to devise the best measures for rescuing- the nation from the innumerable perils with which it is at this present instant surrounded.
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
973
974
SANDWICH said, he could give a direct now proposed he could assure the House from his own certain knowledge, that before any late we had a naval force sufpreparation was made on our part, ficient to cope with any now at Brest, fitting out there, or
ignorance of the precautions and preparations his Majesty's servants had wisely been making, showed their vigilance and activity, while it demonstrated the prudence that accom-
The armament alluded to was but a preparing to depart. small one, consisting only of six ships of the line ; but if it In answer had been greater, we were sufficiently prepared. to something suggested by the Duke of Grafton, relative to the real motives of the armament, whether it was or was
secret to great numbers, that the nation
The
answer
Earl of
to the question
;
not occasioned by the disputes subsisting between Spain he said it was not; but as France had and
Portugal, he thought it his thought proper to augment her Navy, in office, not entirely to brethren with his to agree duty Assurances were on some occasions trust to assurances. be firmly relied on, when they were accompanied with of appearances that bore a full and unequivocal testimony when they were not, they became an object of their truth serious attention, and called for suitable measures from those whose business it was to watch them. As to the expense it might objected to by the noble Duke, however prudent be to attend to it in some situations, in others it became an An early and timely preparation on object of no concern. our part would have the effect of substantial economy; it would probably be the last expense; for, by incurring it in to
;
time,
it
might, perhaps, prevent a much greater. of RICHMOND again rose ; he begged to state
The Duke
the question on a larger ground than it was propounded by He observed, the noble Duke who spoke last but one. that the noble Lord who undertook the defence of Administration,
had confessed that the French were
fitting
out a
Brest ; that in consequence of that armament, not on account of the dispute between Spain and Portugal, his Lordship, with the rest of the Cabinet Ministers, had adfleet at
vised his Majesty to make the present proposed naval augHe should, therefore, be glad to know, if the mentation. in the ports of France were of a long standing, preparations or whether they came only to the knowledge of Administration within a few days; and if they were of a long standing,
how came
Administration to defer taking the necessary
He again reprehended Ministers very measures earlier? severely on this silence, which if longer persisted in, he should impute to the most unbecoming and criminal contempt, or to their inability of giving a satisfactory answer. Lord Viscount WEYMOUTH said, the absence of two Cabinet Ministers [Lords Goiver and Suffolk] was the occasion of that silence on the part of Administration which had been improperly imputed to a reluctance or inability to He defended the speech give satisfaction to the House. from the several objections made to it and said, he particularly rose to explain a matter which had been unwarrantably pressed on the noble Earl who spoke last on the same The noble Duke who spoke before him proposed side. the following dilemma: Either Administration knew of the ;
armament and
fitting
failed so
out at Brest, or they did not ; if they did, in their duty as not to take the necessary
much
steps to meet and counteract, then we were blamable ; if they did not, they were still more censurable for neglecting so indispensable a part of their duty. Now, in his opinion,
without admitting either conclusion, the matter might be cleared up, and Ministers, instead of incurring any just censure, would be found to have acted perfectly consistent and judiciously; for they knew that the preparations were going on; and they resolved to keep pace with them. In answer, therefore, to the charge, why did you not arm earlier ? it is to say, that notice was received of the armaments going on in France; that Administration availed themselves of that information; that the ships intended for service were
enough
and that when the moment arrived in which was prudent for this country to make her real intentions known, orders were given for a press, the ships were ready to receive the men, and as soon as the number of seamen fitted for sea; it
necessary to proceed to sea are procured, it them, and the business will be completed. lated the nation on the address, and the
only to ship congratuexpedition with which the whole was executed ; and was glad to find, though nothing of the kind was intended, that the secrecy with which the whole was conducted should make the transaction pass unobserved in general, and should have, in paris
He
ticular, escaped the eagle and observant eyes of the noble Lords on the other side of the House, who, by their total
panied that vigilance which could effect its purposes without alarm either at home or abroad. It was no
creating an
was not only prepared, but earlier prepared than was expected by those who in might think they would have an interest and
advantage being beforehand with us, and thereby taking us by surprise.
The Duke the
first
of
RICHMOND
returned to the question put to in the
Lord of the Admiralty by the noble Duke
blue ribbon, [the ship had
artfully
Duke
of Grafton.]
evaded to
giving:
him.
He
a
He direct
said, his
answer
Lordto
the
had answered, that the
proposed naval force of this country, before the press-warrants were issued, was superiour to the armament then fitting out at Brest. He begged leave to put the question upon a moreIs the naval force of Britain, now general ground. ready question
to proceed to sea, sufficient for home defence, and for the necessary defence of the empire, supposing that France and Spain should break with us, either by abetting America, or
case of an attack upon Portugal? This, his Grace said, a question that could not be evaded or answered in the affirmative, without a professed design to mislead the House in
was
and impose on the nation.
The Earl of SANDWICH answered, 'that our fleet was in prime condition that the complements of our ships were nearly made up and, that we could fit out a fleet at a short notice nearly equal to all the Powers of Europe. The Lord WTCOMBE [Earl of Shelburne] said he was astonished that the House could continue to submit coolly to the contempt with which Administration had treated it, both in the speech, and the manner in which the speech was defended in the course of the evening. The speech, he said, was a piece of metaphysical refinement, framed with a purposed design to impose; the defence made to continue the imposition, was nothing more than a string of sophisms, no less wretched in their texture, than insolent in their tenour. He said, he was no great metaphysician, but still he knew enough of the science of metaphysics to see and detect the manifest falsehoods, clothed in the semblance of truth, particularly when the garment was so thin, or the disguise so gross and ill-suited, that further confidence would be madness, and remaining in errour would be the effect of the most senseless stupidity. Such being the contents of the speech, the manifest intention of its framers, and the shameful conduct of its defenders, he begged the indulgence of the House, while he briefly delivered his sentiments on those several points. As the first part of his engagement, he proceeded to consider the speech In the execution of this task, he paragraph by paragraph. trusted he should prove, that it was fraught with a mixture of the most unqualified absurdity, treachery, cruelty, hypocThe very opening of it was manifestly risy, and deceit. :
;
for how was it possible to expect unanimity at ; support of the prosecution of a war, the original object of which was professedly to enslave three millions of British born subjects ? How could Ministers dare to call for unanimity from those whom they had so repeatedly in-
fallacious
home
in
betrayed, and deceived ? and the imputation of unanimity was still more absurd, when it was looked for from those who had so often predicted, nay literally foretold them every circumstance which had happened in the course of this cruel and bloody business to the present instant ; and had frequently, during the last session of Parliament, and alarming state of faithfully described the present awful this country, both in regard of her subjects in America, and His Lordship observed, that the first her home security. contained many specious falsehoods, as well as paragraph It charged the Americans those he had just remarked on. with " rejecting the means of conciliation held out to them under the authority of our commission, with circumstances This his Lordship contended was of indignity and insult." no less untrue, than plausibly and artfully stated. For the of conciliation alluded to, were held back pretended means so long, the commission not being made out, nor the Commissioners sent till about the middle of May, that the people of America, if the Commissioners were armed with powers sufficient to hold out fair and solid means of conciliation, were fully justified in declaring themselves independent, sulted,
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
975
but from the most obvious motives of self preservation when these pretended means of conciliation held out nothing but a naked offer of pardon, on the terms of unconditional submission, the hitherto unparalleled effrontery of Ministers, who could thus dare to deceive their Sovereign, could now ;
be only equalled by the of those
who
political
blindness and tame servility
could submit, or swallow such gross deviations
in point of fact, and misrepresentations in argument and conclusion. Every opprobrious charge which could tend to of this country against their fellow-subinflame the
people
in
jects
America was
stuffed into the speech,
and had been
copied and improved on by the friends of Administration, parthe noble Lords, who spoke early in ticularly two or three of the debate. They have been represented daring, desperate, These, he traitorous, insolent, ungrateful, and rebellious. said, were strong charges, and they required suitable proofs. For his part, whatever the speech may have decided, or however eager the supporters of the speech might have been to improve on the pattern or doctrines therein laid down, he could never be persuaded to deem people taking up arms in defence of their property, their privileges, and unalienable if such doctrines had prevailed at the time of rights, Rebels the Revolution, their lordships would not then probably be ;
sitting
If resisting a lawful authority,
House.
in that
though
perhaps not a rightful authority, be ths essence of treason, the Whigs at the Revolution were rank Rebels, in the sense the speech used the term. King James the II. was their It is true, he endeavoured to trample, and in lawful King! some instances, did invade their rights ; but still, if a resist-
ance of lawful authority constituted an act of treason in every possible event, the Whigs in 1688, and the Provincials now It was an opinion he in arms, may be deemed Rebels. never could accede to; he would always continue to think that both were a constitutional resistance to a power originally legal, but which, by an unconstitutional exercise of it, had degenerated into the most oppressive stages of an usurped He said, while he gave his opinion so arbitrary power. of America, he would wish to on the sufferings explicitly be understood, that he never meant this country should relinquish its right of commercial controul and regulation over on the contrary, he always thought, that that power that of regulating the trade of the Colonies, was the very essence of the political connection subsisting between both countries; that even if this regulatory power was defined in its most full and extensive sense, and acknowledged on the part of ;
the Colonies, yet something more might be still expected ; the national debt, under which the people of this country
now
is truly and equitably the debt of every individwhole empire, whether in Asia, America, or nearer home. But until the Americans had full satisfaction on the question of taxation, and ample reparation for the attack on
groan,
ual in the
their charters,
till
the exclusive right of taxing themselves, for their colo-
and the most solemn security was given them privileges, derived
through their respective legislative to talk of conciliation. It was follow from the means of concilimight extirpation possible ation held out to them, but he was certain, notwithstanding what may have been held out in the speech, conciliation never would. These, he said, were his general sentiments
nial
assemblies,
it
was
in vain
relative to that species of dependency America owes of right to the parent State. It might not meet the approbation of
number of persons on the other side of the Atlantick. That, however, did by no means influence his opinion ; it had been the same from the beginning. He did not now take it up, because our affairs in that country wore at present a more favourable aspect than at any time during the last session for he expressed himself precisely in similar terms, at the time that America was flushed with success, when they had every foot of Canada in their possession, the town of a great
;
Quebeck excepted.
He
referred to the
pamphlet written by
Dr. Price, at the end of which a speech was printed in his name, which he owned was authentick. The second paragraph in the speech was another metaphysical refinement equally
ill
supported
or argument; was, that the same in fact
it contained any substantial truth, it violent oppressive measures were determined to be pursued; that we must prepare for another campaign, and that the
if
976
was intended to operate as a duty, and, he presumed, to perseverance in the same commendstimulative powerful able line of conduct.
On
and paragraph he likewise commented was fraught with the most gross and notono assurances of amity were, or could be, rious falsehoods and if they were received, and could be depended received on, why arm? why put the nation to so monstrous an exthe third
insisted, that
;
it
;
;
pense the
?
why
despatch your press-gangs in every quarter of let loose so many bands of ruffians to enter
town? why
by force into people's dwellings, to drag the unhappy master of a numerous family from them, aboard a tender, where hear of him is, that he died of perhaps the first account they
and vexation, or of the cruel usage and bad treatment he received before or during his passage to, or being aboard His Lordship, however, was proud to find, at the Nore. that by the spirited conduct of the Lord Mayor of London (Mr. Sawbridge) a stop had been put to those horrid outHe had refused rages within the limits of his jurisdiction. to back press-warrants, though it was insinuated by those that applied, on his refusal, that the request was merely complimentary, for that the press would be carried into the He said, if any proof were wanting of the unpopucity. grief
the present barbarous war, that honest Magistrate's larity of conduct, as expressing the sentiments of the inhabitants of the first city in the empire, perhaps in the world, was the most irrefragable and conclusive. If, upon any other occasion, the most distant prospect of a foreign war was only so much as talked of, the citizens of London would
be the foremost and most conspicuous
in
expressing their
zeal for chastising our foreign enemies; but when it was known that the present threatened rupture is corrected, or
more properly speaking,
is
a consequence of an unnatural
millions of their fellow-subjects, the proscription of three is bowed down and enfeebled, their of the nation spirit hearts, as well as their countenances, are frozen, and they even remain in a kind of political stupour, scarcely venturing to decide in their own hearts, whether a vigorous resistance
against our foreign enemies may not be the means of ensuring evils, no less to be avoided, than even defeat from the hands of our natural foes, that of forging chains for our American brethren, as the leading measure in due season to
His Lordship assured the riveting them on ourselves. the noble Earl, [Lord Sandwich,] who supposed that he went over to the Continent to seek intelligence, that he was in his It was true conjectures. France towards the latter end of the summer, but with no such intention as the noble Earl was He was in Brilanny, and in several pleased to impute. of the sea-coast, where he received every mark of parts and kindness, that was in the power politeness, hospitality,
misinformed or mistaken
that he did go to
of the inhabitants of the country to bestow; it was, he said, the native disposition of the nobility and gentry of France, to conduct themselves in that manner towards all strangers He was certain that there was of rank, or worthy of note. not one of their Lordships present, if in his situation, who would not have had a reception equally kind, friendly, and It would ill become him, therefore, if he had respectful. learned any thing, through such a confidential medium, to disclose it. He trusted he was incapable of acting in such a manner; but whatever wit there might be in the noble
Earl's insinuation, there was nothing in it solid, or relative to the present subject of debate; for without stirring out of
England, without looking for official information, every body had repeatedly heard that Spain and Portugal were seemrelative to a dispute of boundingly on the eve of a rupture, aries of territory in the Brazils, which, in its consequences, was likely to involve Britain in a war; that Spain and
France had been arming
for
some months;
that a formidable
out at Brest; that the French and Spanish fitting rendered were asylums and places of safety to the ports American privateers, both in Europe and the West-Indies; fleet
is
now
that warlike stores were daily transported both in French and American bottoms, openly, from almost every port in France ; that the latter Court had, as often as applied to, to forbid or prohibit American trading positively refused vessels or ships of war from entering their ports; and that,
complete the whole, a person from the Congress, if not three, were now in a publick character at the Court
foreign mercenaries had executed, with a the horrid purposes of their
to
It was a fellow-subjects in cold blood. very proper and timely eulogium in return for a faithful discharge of their
of Versailles; not perhaps received with the formalities of an Envoy Extraordinary, to agree upon specifick articles,
bloody alacrity, paymasters, by butchering our
two or
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
977
but most certainly armed with all the efficient powers of a on cerperson treating on the part of an independent State, tain preliminary conditions, leading to engagements of a most consequential and important nature. These being incontrovertible facts, daily repeated in the publick papers, and known universally to every person who spent a single hour's consideration, or bestowed the least degree of attention on
the subject, he looked upon himself fully satisfied
in
flatly
contradicting the passage alluded to, and solemnly affirming that we do not continue to receive assurances of amity from the several Courts of Europe, or that receiving them, it was a gross imposition on Parliament, to even insinuate that they were to be relied or depended on. His Lordship turned
with great indignation on the Cabinet Ministers ; said, it was very lucky for such of them as were absent; for surely, in the present situation of affairs, they must cut a very awkward but he was astonished how the noble Viscount could figure :
so forget, as to say, that we had been preparing for some months, when the contrary was well known to every clerk
dock-yards nay, a most curious circumstance was generally reported, and believed to be true, which was, that the speech, as first manufactured, was obliged to be altered two days before its final revision; such being the information Ministers had of the disposition of foreign courts on the Thursday night or
and store-keeper
in
the several
;
to the issuing the press-warrants. noble Lord whose province it was to the reprehended procure the necessary information, in very severe terms. He said, when he had the honour of occupying the same
Friday morning previous
He
he spared no pains or expense to be fully, timely, and He was apprised of every step taken minutely informed. in relation to the purchase and intended conby France, quest of Corsica, from its very commencement. While that matter was in agitation, he kept it continually in his mind, and often thought of it on his pillow and though he was post,
;
and deserted by all his colleagues in office, and brethren in Cabinet, he had the conscious pleasure in recollecting that he had done his duty, and that nothing could be fairly imputed to his neglect or inattention. On the concluding paragraph of the speech, his LordHe said it was a compound of the ship was also severe. most glaring hypocrisy and deceit, unless attempting to rob the people of America of their property, by laying taxes without their consent or approbation, or stripping them of left
alone,
their charters, the only legal foundation of their legislative and personal privileges, as a proof "that no ever
people enjoyed more happiness under a milder Government," or unless, since the resistance to this mild Government, the sending over an Army of blood-thirsty foreign mercenaries to cut their throats, as the first step " to restore them the blessings of law and liberty, equally enjoyed by every British subject," be a truism, he could not discover the most distant semblance of truth throughout the whole sentence. His Lordship concluded with calling on the Cabinet Ministers
present, to declare
whether they had applied
to the Court of Versailles on any of the leading points now mentioned; whether they were disavowed, mitigated, or explained by that Court; whether, on the other hand, they were openly avowed, or replied to in such a manner as to give us to understand that they would, when their armaments were rendered more forward. These, his Lordship insisted, were matters that called for so many explicit answers: that until explanations were had on them substan-
or in detail, it was impossible that their Lordships could, with safety, proceed, much less vote the present address, which might, or might not be true, taking the matter in the most favourable In fine, it was absurd, it was light. tially,
an insult on common sense, to talk of " assurances of amity from foreign Powers," while some of those Powers were, at least hitherto, known to secretly abet, and, in some instances, openly countenance, nourish, and support, our subjects now resisting our authority in America. The Lord OSBORNE said he was far from approving the conduct of Administration he was satisfied that they justly incurred censure in several parts of it; no yet he could ;
means agree with the amendment,
by
as
held out investigation and inquiry at the instant that the fullest exertion of the it
Naval and Military strength of Great Britain was called for, as well for our own protection, as to bring back our subjects in America into a constitutional acknowledgment of the superiority of this country as the parent and govern-
FIFTH SEIUES.
VOL.
III.
6
ing State:
when
that
978
acknowledgment was obtained, then
he would recommend the most mild and conciliating terms that could be well imagined. No noble Lord in that House would go further, or more cheerfully, in restoring peace upon fair, equitable, and reasonable terms than he would, if they submitted to the legislative power of this country; till that should happen to be the case, none would more zealously support such measures as might promise to compel them to a constitutional submission to the British Legislature.
Nothing came more fully up to the ideas he entertained and wished to convey on the great American question, than the Declaratory Act passed in 1766, on the repeal of the Stamp Act; that asserted the legislative supremacy of this country and he was astonished that the framers
in its fullest extent,
to defend America, when the very resistance which produced the present unhappy civil war, was made
of that act could offer
expressly in contradiction to the parliamentary rights therein He spoke much of the ingratitude of America, maintained. the favours we had heaped upon her, and the insupportable burdens we had loaded ourselves with, in rearing, nourishing, and protecting her, till at length we had raised her to a pitch of strength and opulence, sufficient to trust the decision of her cause to the event of arms. Such was the state of things and now we had no alternative but either to suffer America to erect herself into an independent sovereign State, which was an opinion, he trusted, would never prevail in that House, or exert ourselves to the utmost stretch of our abilHe said, the success of our troops at Long-Island, ities. and the probable good consequences it may be productive of, would, he hoped, give us such a footing in America, as would break the Rebel Confederacy in some measure. If New-York is taken, which he had little doubt was the case before now, a civil Government might be reestablished there, which would afford an asylum to those who were forced into a rebellion against their inclination, or had suffered for not It would doing so. give an opportunity to the friends of Great Britain to show their attachment to the parent State, and might probably, in the end, form so powerful a balance, as would be sufficient to restore that country to a state of obedience and tranquillity, without the sad necessity of wading to it through blood and slaughter. The Earl of SHELBUHNE perceiving that the Earl of ;
Sandwich declined giving any answer relative to what steps had been taken by Administration towards bringing the Court of Versailles to an eclaircissement, on account of the open countenance and secret assistance which had been given to America in the course of the present civil war, called once more on his Lordship, and at the same time insisted he should give the House some information, relative to the state of the Navy, the number of ships we could fit out upon an emergency, a list of those now serving in America,
and the force collected
The
Earl of
SANDWICH
in
the French ports. he did not think himself
said,
permitted to give the explanation required: such an explaIf the intentions nation would not be prudent at this time.
might not be proper, though he At all events he thought such an eclaircissement would be highly improper respecting our home defence. As for the force serving in America, it consisted of two ships-of-the-line, ten fifties, and seventy-one in the whole to eightyfrigates and armed vessels, amounting three ships and vessels of war, and fifteen thousand seamen. The Earl of SHELBURNE said, he did not make the requiHe sition now evaded, by way of a personal application. knew his Lordship too well, and had too thorough a knowledge of him, to trouble him on any subject on which he He called upon should be obliged to depend on his word. him in his official character, and expected to be answered. The Earl of SANDWICH said, he could not satisfy his too delicate a nature to Lordship; that the question was of of France were hostile, believed they were not.
it
admit of an explanation; that nothing was said in that House that did not get out; that let our force be what it we should, from motives of policy, forbear to disclose might,
when foreign Powers were arming, and some degree of forwardness that if we had be soon made acquainted with our any enemies, they would
it,
"particularly
known
to
be
in
;
It might be supposed, that people would not be were denied, the very doorwanting, nay, if all other means must have it in their power to disclose keepers might, and that species of intelligence, which it is our business to
situation.
conceal.
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
979
The Earl of SHF.I.BURNE said he was astonished, that any man in office in that House, who was responsible to and accountable
the publick, so important an occasion, the necessary information, fessed
was
it
confusion
to their Lordships, dare,
on
with the House, and refuse when he, at the same time, con-
trifle
power to satisfy them. [Here a giv;it and a general call for Order! Order!
his
in
arose,
Order!]
The Duke
of
RICHMOND
contended, that
his
noble friend
disorderly; that as a Lord of Parliament, that House, and called upon for his advice, he had
was by no means sitting in a right to
have the question now put
fully
and
fairly
an-
swered.
The
Earl of
SANDWICH
replied, he was
in
the
judgment
of the House: that he was ready, if the House insisted on it. (A cry of No No! No!) The Earl of BRISTOL. I think the noble Earl is properly in not answering the question now so warmly !
justifiable
The at the express desire of the House. pressed, unless House do not wish for any such explanation, in which, I am of opinion, they have acted very wisely. It \vould answer no one good purpose: I am certain, taking the fact way, it might be productive of many bad ones. The noble Earl preserves every possible confidence that can be I had the honour of sitting with him at reposed in him. either
now
the Board, at which his Lordship
from
my own knowledge and
presides,
experience
in
my
Without sending
for
them,
that the landings are effected, there will be no occasion for such a number to be kept in America, consequently sev-
of them will return to Britain. Lords, 1 have spent the greatest part of my life in the naval service, and mean to dedicate the remainder to my profession, if circum-
My
eral
make
stances should
it
I
necessary.
know
that things
wear
a suspicious appearance; but I know likewise, that we are, as the noble Earl has more than once assured your Lord-
The British Navy ships this night, prepared for the worst. has always hitherto been invincible, and 1 trust ever will. Whatever character I have obtained in the service, either as an official or professional that we will be more than a
man, match
I
am for
ready to stake it, our enemies, taking
the question of a rupture at the present, or at any
more
remote period. I am, my Lords, thoroughly convinced of the truth of what I now advance; and as the best proof, both of my own conviction and of my readiness to sup-
am ready to take any command I will thought proper to entrust me with. never serve in any other character, but that which I have been accustomed to from my earliest youth. 1 would decline any other were it offered to me, while I would cheerfully execute any commands which might be laid upon me in the way of my profession. port those sentiments,
which
may be
it
The amendment test, as
follows
being negatived, was entered as a Pro-
:
official
Lord who spoke
last
but one, [Lord Shelburne,]
is
three ships-of-the-line, their complements nearly full, and the ships in a condition to proceed to sea at a day's notice.
him further, that the present press will furnish us with seamen sufficient to man the ships going to be put into commission that we may have forty sail-of-the-line ready I will tell
;
for sea
by the
first
of
March; nay,
and assure the House, that they
From
I
am
I
may
venture farther,
be ready early in Febauthorized to draw this
will
which, fairly ruary. clear deduction, and which will be partly an answer to the in the question put early in the debate by the noble Duke
blue ribbon, [Duke of Grafton,] the other noble Duke who enlarged the question, [Duke of Richmond,] and by the
noble Lord, [Lord Shelburne,}
whom
I last
mentioned
;
and
guard-ships are a full match for any naval ready in the French and Spanish harbours,
this: that the
armament now
and that the additional armament proposed to be fitted out, will give us such a fleet, as the whole combined force of France and Spain will not, by the time 1 have first stated, be able to cope with.
The same noble Earl has passed great encomiums on the Chief Magistrate of the City of London, for what his Lordship is pleased to term that Magistrate's spirited and commendable conduct. He has, he says, refused to back the press-warrants.
Now, for my part, I entertain a very of the worthy Magistrate's conduct ; and so far from being a popular step, 1 trust it will meet with that degree of publick disapprobation it justly merits. The noble Lord himself looks upon a war with France and Spain to be inevitable: we may presume, that his Lordship different opinion
and
his favourite Magistrate, unite in opinion. are we to interpret the conduct of one, or the
How
Amendment proposed
then
approbation
They must know, that though the strength and security of the Island is known to depend upon our Navy, that without seamen ships are of no service, and that on emergencies, such as the present, we are always obliged to have recourse to a press; yet, what must we think of those who, at so critical and alarming a crisis, would sooner
of the other?
to
be
made
to the
motion for an
Ad-
dress on his Majesty's Speech.
"To
very
desirous to be acquainted with the detail of our naval force I can tell his Lordship, that we have twentyat home.
it is
number from America.
now
and can, profession
character, affirm, that no man is capable of disduties of the important station he now fills with the charging more fidelity and ability than his Lordship. The noble
and
ficient
980
assure his Majesty, that, animated with the most
earnest and sincere zeal for his true interest, and the real glory of his reign, we behold with inexpressible concern the minds of a very large and lately loyal and affectionate part
of his people entirely alienated from his Government. Nor we conceive, that such an event, as the disaffection and revolt of a whole people, could have taken place, without
can
some considerable
errours in the conduct observed towards
them. " These erroneous measures, we conceive, are to be imputed to a want of sufficient information being laid before Parliament, and to too large a degree of confidence being
reposed
in
and from
those Ministers,
who from
their official situation
their duty were obliged, were best enabled, to know
the temper and disposition of his Majesty's American sub-
and were therefore presumed most capable of pointing out such measures as might produce the most salutary effect. Hence the schemes which were formed for the reduction
jects,
and chastisement of a supposed inconsiderable party of factious men, have driven thirteen large Provinces to despair. Every act which has been proposed as a means of procuring peace and submission, has become a new cause of war and revolt; and we now find ourselves almost inextricably involved in a bloody and expensive civil war; which, besides exhausting at present the strength of all his Majesty's dominions, exposing our allies to the designs of their and our enemies, and leaving this kingdom in a most perilous situation, threatens in its issue the most deplorable calamities to the whole British race. " cannot avoid lamenting, that in consequence of the credit afforded to the representations of Ministers, no hear-
We
ing has been given to the reiterated complaints and petitions of the Colonies ; neither has any ground been laid for re-
cause of these unhappy differences, from questions relative to parliamentary proceeding, and can be settled only by parliamentary
moving the which took
original their rise
authority. By this fatal omission, the Commissioners nominated for the apparent purpose of making peace, were
furnished with no legal
ence of the nation
power but those of giving or withand of relaxing the severholding pardons ities of a single penal act of Parliament, leaving the whole foundation of this unhappy controversy just as it stood at the
The noble Lord
beginning.
sacrifice, not
only the interests, but hazard the very existto party views and personal resentments.
supposes, that the absence of the greater part of our frigates on the other side of the Atlantick, is at present a very dangerous circumstance, if any actual sudden operations were intended to be carried into execution. That, however, is not the case; nothing of the kind is expected; but even if it were, we have several at home fit for frigates
and several others that could be easily made ready sea at a short notice; besides, if things should take a more serious and decisive turn, we could order home a suf-
at their pleasure,
"To
represent to his Majesty, that in addition to this neglect, when, in the beginning of the last session, his Majesty, in his gracious speech to both Houses of Parliament,
had declared
his resolution of
sending out Commissioners
for the
purposes therein expressed, as speedily as possible; such Commissioners were sent until near seven months
service,
no
for
afterwards, and until the nation was alarmed by the evacuation of the only town then held for his Majesty in the
ADDRESS OF THE LORDS TO THE KING.
981
By this delay, acts of the most the effect of which must as much depend on
the power of immediately relaxing them on submission, as in enforcing them upon disobedience, had only an operation But if any Colony, town, or to inflame and exasperate. had been induced to submit by the operation of the
place, terrours of these acts, there were none in the place of power to restore the people so submitting to the common rights of
The inhabitants of the Colonies, apprised that of Government, and they were put out of the protection ibr their entering into it, were no means seeing provided furnished with reasons, but too colourable, for breaking off their dependency on the Crown of this kingdom. "To assure his Majesty, that, removing our confidence from those who in so many instances have grossly abused to restore to Parliament the confiit, we shall endeavour subjection.
dence of all his people. " To this end it may be advisable
make
a
more minute
We
commerce of
that the
this
kingdom has been
left
to the reprisals of the Colonies, at the very time
exposed
when
their
seamen and fishermen, being indiscriminately prohibited from the peaceable exercise of their occupations and declared open enemies, must be expected, with a certain assurance, to betake themselves to plunder, and to wreak their revenge on the commerce of Great Britain. "That we understand, that amidst the many disasters and disgraces which have attended on his Majesty's arms in many parts of America, an advantage has been gained by his Majesty's British and foreign mercenary forces in the That if a wi.se, moderate, and Province of New-York. provident use be made of their advantage, it is not improbAnd we able that happy effects may result from that use. assure his Majesty that nothing shall be wanting on our enable his Majesty to take full advantage of any dispart to to reconciliation, which may be the consequence positions
of the miseries of war, by laying down, on our part, real permanent grounds of connection between Great Britain and the Colonies, on principles of liberty and terms of mutual advantage. " That whilst we lament this effusion of English blood, (which we hope has not been greater, or other than necesand honour justified,) we should most heartily sity required his congratulate Majesty on any event leading to the great desirable end of settling a peace, which might promise to last, by the restoration of the ancient affection which has happily subsisted in former times between this Kingdom and its Colonies; any other would necessarily require, even in case of a total conquest, an army to maintain, ruinous to the finances and incompatible with the freedom of his Majesty's We should look with the utmost shame and horpeople. rour on any events, of what nature soever, that should tend to break the spirit of any large part of the British nation, to bow them to an abject, unconditional submission to any power whatsoever, to annihilate their liberties, and to subdue them to servile principles and passive habits by the mere force of foreign mercenary arms. Because, amidst the excesses and abuses which have happened, we must respect the spirit and principles OMHtng in these commoOur wish is, to regulate, not destroy them. For, tions. in some circumstances, those very princibear so exact an analogy with those which ples evidently support the most valuable part of our own constitution, that it is impossible, with any appearance of justice, to think of
differing
wholly extirpating them by the sword in any part of his Majesty's dominions, without admitting consequences and establishing precedents the most dangerous to the liberties of this
Kingdom."
The
question was put, Whether these words shall stand part of the motion? It was resolved in the negative.
Contents,
Not
-
-
-
-
-
-
-----
contents,
Proxies,
-
26 82
-
-
-
26
-
91
1
9j
1.
ADDRESS PRESENTED. " The humble Address of (he Right Honourable the Lords and Spiritual Temporal in Parliament assembled .'
"
Most gracious Sovereign
:
" We, your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament assembled, beg leave to return your Majesty our humble thanks for your most gracious speech from the throne. " It is with the truest satisfaction we congratulate your Majesty on the success of your arms in the Province of New-York, the recovery of Canada, and the fair prospect of decisive good consequences, which, under the blessing of Divine Providence, is now opened by the firmness of your Majesty's councils, the valour and good conduct of your Majesty's officers and forces by sea and land, and by the zeal and bravery of the auxiliary troops
to
of the Colonies, as well as into inquiry into the grievances the conduct of Ministers with regard to them. may think it proper particularly to inquire, how it has happened,
though
November
United Colonies.
thirteen
critical nature,
982
in
your Majes-
ty's service.
"
We beg leave to assure your Majesty, that nothing would have given us equal happiness to the having been informed by your Majesty, at the opening of this session, that the troubles which have so long distracted NorthAmerica had been at an end that your Majesty's unhappy people in those Provinces had recovered from their delusion, and, awakened by a due sense of their misfortunes and misdoings, had delivered themselves from the oppression of their While we lament leaders, and were returned to their duty. that your Majesty's humane and merciful intentions have been frustrated by the neglect shown to the means of con;
ciliation, notified
commission,
we
under the authority of your Majesty's royal feel the strongest indignation at the insolent
manner which they were rejected and we want words to express our abhorrence of the desperate spirit of those overbearing men, who, with an insatiable thirst of power in
;
and dominion, which has uniformly actuated all their proceedings, have now renounced allegiance to the Crown, and all political connection with Great Britain; and, with an arrogance equal to the enormity of the attempt, lest a doubt of their real designs should remain on the breast of any person whatever, have set up their rebellious Confederacies for We are fully aware of the mischief independent States. which would accrue from the success of this treason to your Majesty's loyal Colonies, to the commerce of this nation, and, more remotely indeed, but not less certainly, to the system of Europe, and to every State upon the Continent of Europe possessed of distant Colonies. " reflect with pleasure on the solid advantage which will be derived from the object of the Rebels being openly avowed and clearly understood the unanimity which will prevail at home, founded in a conviction of the justice and necessity of your Majesty's measures. Inspired with the
We
;
same
zeal for the cause of our country which animates the at large, we will steadily support your Majesty in
kingdom
the vindication of the honour of your
and
Crown and
the just
cheerfully concur in making the necessary provisions for those great purposes. " The assurances of amity which your Majesty continues
rights of Parliament,
will
from the several Courts of Europe afford us great we entertain the most grateful sense of the endeavours which your Majesty is exerting to conciliate the to receive
satisfaction
unhappy and we
;
differences
between two neighbouring
Powers
;
trust that,
by your Majesty's auspicious endeavours, these misunderstandings will be removed, and Europe conPermit tinue to enjoy the inestimable blessings of peace.
same time, to return your your Majesty our thanks for your provident attention in guarding out of the present sitagainst any events which may arise uation of affairs, by keeping us in a respectable state of defence at home. " With hearts full of duty and gratitude, we acknowledge the happiness which, under your Majesty's mild government, is extended to every part of the British empire; of us, sir, at the
dutiful
which the
late flourishing state of the revolted
Provinces,
numbers, their wealth, their strength by sea and land, which they think sufficient to enable them to make head whole power of the mother country, show that against the And we earnestly hope, they have abundantly participated. their
Dissentient. Manchester, Portland, Richmond, Scarborough, Devonshire, Rockingham, King, Craven, Fitz-
that your Majesty's paternal object of restoring your distracted Colonies to the happy condition from which, by their
william,
own
Abingdon, Ponsonby.
De
Fcrrars, EJingham, Abergavenny,
misconduct, they are wretchedly
attained."
fallen, will
be speedily
ADDRESS OF THE COMMONS TO THE KING.
9S3 "My
His Majesty's most gracious Answer. Loans: 1 return you my thanks for this
dutiful
the happiness preservation of the publick tranquillity, of our most excellent maintenance the and my people, of my heart." constitution, are the invariable objects
The
of all
HOUSE OF COMMONS. IN
Lord JOHN CAVENDISH disapproved of the proposed adout all after dress, and moved an amendment, by leaving the first paragraph, in order to insert these words " Animated with the most earnest and sincere zeal for his :
It is with the greatest pleasure I and affectionate address. observe the satisfaction which the success of my arms against the Rebels in North- America has given to all my loving subThat which you express is highly acceptable to me. jects.
DEBATE
and the real glory of his reign, we behold the minds of a very large and lately inexpressible concern, affectionate part of his people, entirely alienated and loyal from his Government; nor can we conceive that such an
THANKS. Thursday, October 31,
1776.
their House, being returned to Mr. NEVILLE moved the following Address of Thanks: " Most Gracious Sovereign: the " We, your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, Commons of Great Britain in Parliament assembled, beg of this leave to return your Majesty the humble thanks the throne. from most for gracious speech House, your " While we lament the continuance of the troubles which have so long distracted your Majesty's Colonies in Xortliand of the calamities and oppressions which our
The Commons
of a whole people, could event, as the disaffection and revolt have taken place without some considerable errour in the conduct observed towards them ; these erroneous measures, inconceive, are to be imputed to a want of sufficient formation being laid before Parliament, and to too large a in those Minister?, who, degree of confidence being reposed
from their duty were obliged, and from their official situation were best enabled, to know the temper and disposition of his and were therefore presumed Majesty's American subjects,
most capable of pointing out such measures as might produce the most salutary effects; hence the schemes which were formed for the reduction and chastisement of a supposed inconsiderable party of factious men, have driven thirteen act which has been prolarge Provinces to despair: every as a means of procuring peace and submission, has posed become a new cause of war and revolt and we now find ourselves almost inextricably involved in a bloody and
America,
under the arbitrary fellow-subjects are still suffering their leaders ; we cannot forbear to express our of tyranny detestation and abhorrence of the audacious and desperate of ambition, which has at last carried those leaders so spirit renounce all allegiance to the as to make them
unhappy
Crown, and
all
direct terms to
openly connection with political
presume
to set
up
this
with
true interest,
we
THE COMMONS ON THE ADDRESS OF
far,
984
country, and in
their rebellious
Confedera-
;
war, which, besides exhausting at present of all his Majesty's dominions, exposing our the strength allies to the designs of their and our enemies, and leaving this kingdom in a most perilous situation, threatens in its issue the most deplorable calamities to the whole British civil
expensive
race.
"
We
of
cannot avoid lamenting, that, in consequence the credit given to the representations of Ministers, no hearintr has been given to the reiterated complaints and petitions
of'he Colonies, neither has any ground been laid for removand condeof these unhappy differences, which, ing the original cause held out to them, under took their rise from of to parliamentary promeans reconciliation, scending questions relative the authority of your Majesty's commission, as a fresh and ceedings, and can be settled only by parliamentary authority; of these men has always Commissioners nominated for the convincing proof that the object by this fatal omission, the been power and dominion but we can impute the circum- apparent purpose of making peace, were furnished with no stances of indignity and insult accompanying this proceeding legal powers, but that of giving or withholding pardons at firm to no other motive, than a resentment of your Majesty's their pleasure, and for relaxing the severities of a single act and constant adherence to the maintenance of the constitu- of Parliament, leaving the whole foundation of this unhappy view tional rights of Parliament, divested of every possible controversy just as it stood in the beginning. " To in addition to this of any separate interests of the Crown and we beg leave represent to his Majesty, that, of your in the beginning of the last session his Mawhen to assure your Majesty that the same attachment neglect, of Great Britain, in his gracious speech to both Houses of Parliament, Majesty to the parliamentary authority jesty, this of which hath provoked the insolence of the chiefs declared his resolution of sending out Commissioners for the it ought to do, in fixing purposes therein expressed "as speedily as possible," no such rebellion, cannot but operate, as still deeper, if possible, in the affections of a Commissioners were sent until near seven months afterwards, your Majesty British House of Commons. and until the nation was alarmed by the evacuation of the " With reverence and to Divine Providence, in the thirteen United gratitude only town then held for his Majesty the most critical nature, the to express our unfeigned joy, and to offer our sinof us acts this Colonies by delay permit cere congratulations to your Majesty, on the success which effect of which must as much depend on the power of immehas attended the good conduct and valour of your Majesty's diately relaxing them on submission, as in enforcing them and to inflame and officers and forces both by sea and land, and the zeal upon disobedience, had only an operation in your service, in the recovthe of auxiliary troops bravery exasperate. " But if been induced to and in the important operations in the Provery of Canada, any Colony, town, or place, had ince of Neiv- York, which give the strongest hopes of the submit by the operation of the terrours of these acts, there most decisive good consequences. were none on the place of power to restore the people so " It is with much satisfaction we learn, that your Majesty The inhabsubmitting to the common rights of subjection. continues to receive assurances of amity from the several itants of the Colonies, apprised that they were put out of the courts of Europe; and we thankfully acknowledge your protection of Government, and seeing no means provided for and paternal concern for the happiness their entering into it, were furnished with reasons but too Majesty's goodness the colourable for on the Crown in of your people, your constant attention to preserve breaking off their dependency that removing our it is our most earnest wish that, by and his assure To this of Majesty, general tranquillity kingdom. all misunderstandings and difconfidence from those who in so many instances have grossly your Majesty's interposition, ferences between two neighbouring Powers may be happily abused it, we shall endeavour to restore to Parliament the confidence of all his people; to this end it may be advisable reconciled, and Europe still enjoy the blessings of peace. " Your faithful Commons consider it as a which they to make a more minute inquiry into the grievances of the duty owe to your Majesty, and to those they represent, to grant Colonies, as well as into the conduct of Ministers with regard
cies for independent States. " consider their rejection of the gracious
We
;
;
:
;
as the weighty considerations, your Majesty such supplies which your Majesty has been pleased to state to us, shall be found to require and we have a well-grounded confidence, Rebels is openly that, at this time, when the object of the avowed and clearly understood, the general conviction of and necessity of your Majesty's measures must the ;
justice unite all ranks of your faithful subjects in supporting your Majesty with one mind and heart in the great national cause in
which you are engaged." Mr. HUTTON seconded the motion.
to
them.
We
may
think
it
proper particularly to inquire
has happened, that the commerce of this kingdom has been left exposed to the reprisals of the Colonies at the
how
it
and fishermen, being indisvery time when their seamen the from peaceable exercise of their criminately prohibited must be expected occupation, and declared open enemies, with a certain assurance to betake themselves to plunder, and to wreak their revenge on the commerce of Great Britain.
"That we
understand, that amidst the
many
disasters
ADDRESS OF THE COMMONS TO THE KING.
985
and disgraces which have attended on his Majesty's arms in many parts of America, advantage has been gained by his forces in the ProvMajesty's British and foreign mercenary ince of New- York ; that if a wise, moderate, and provident
made of
advantage, it is not improbable that from that use ; and we assure his may happy shall be wanting on our part to enable that nothing Majesty, his Majesty to take full advantage of any dispositions to of the misereconciliation, which may be the consequence use be
this
result
effects
of war, by laying down, on our part, real permanent Great Britain and the Cologrounds of connection between of liberty, and terms of mutual advannies, on ries
principles
had hired foreign troops to fight against them, and they had no other way of putting themselves on a footing with us, than by throwing off the yoke, declaring themselves independent, and inviting foreign aid to defend them. They had, he said, taken every possible means to avoid such a measure; they had sent a most humble petition to Government, praying relief, and couched their prayer in the strongest terms of duty and allegiance Government had, with the most ;
provoking give any
" That whilst
rejected their answer to it, or offering in
harshness,
them. The mode of their declaring for be sure, in some measure indefensible.
petition,
refusing
to
any manner to hear independency was, to
The
declaration of
New-England Government was exceedingly rude and
the
tage.
986
(which we hope
ill-written ; the language was more unmannerly and abusive than even worse treatment than what they had received would have justified ; but then it must be considered as
gratulate
written merely to captivate the common people, and therefore a polished style, and very scrupulous decency, were
we lament this effusion of English blood, has not. been greater or other than necessity we should most heartily conrequired and honour justified,) his Majesty on any event leading to the great desettling a peace which might promise to last, the restoration of the ancient affection which has happily
end of
sirable
by
between
subsisted in former times
and
kingdom and
any other would necessarily
Colocase of a its
require, even in to maintain, ruinous to the finances, incompatible with the freedom of his Majesty's people ;
nies; total
this
conquest, an
army
should look with the utmost shame and horrour on any events of what nature soever that should tend to break the of the British nation, to bow them spirit of any large part
we
any power whatsoever, to annihilate their liberties, and to subdue them to servile principles and passive habits, by the mere force of because, amidst the excesses and foreign mercenary arms abuses which have happened, we must respect the spirit and to
an abject unconditional submission
to
;
principles
operating
in
these commotions, our wish
is
to
in some regulate, not to destroy them ; for though differing circumstances, those very principles evidently bear so exact
an analogy with those which support the most valuable part of our own constitution, that it is impossible, with any appearance of justice, to think of wholly extirpating them by the sword in any part of his Majesty's dominions, without
consequences, and establishing precedents, the most dangerous to the liberties of this kingdom."
admitting
The Marquis
of Granby seconded the motion.
Governour JOHNSTONE
trifling
much condemned
He however objects with the writer. it, as he applauded that of the Penn-
He censured the late issuing of press-warrants, sylvanians. and declared that he was not only convinced a better mode of manning the Navy might be found out, but that he was well informed the late press was carried on with great irregularity
Mr.
and cruelty.
WOMBWELL said, no He approved
the present.
press was better conducted than of the motion for an address as
exceedingly proper, and disapproved of the amendment. He censured the Americans as a bragging, cowardly ban-
&c. Mr. WILKES.
ditti,
The honourable gentleman who spoke endeavours to mislead the House. It is certain that no pressing has at this time been carried on in the city of London, No press-gangs have dared to make their or its Liberties. appearance in that jurisdiction. Those lawless bands of cruel banditti very prudently chose other scenes of horrour and bloodshed of less danger to themselves. The city has hitherto remained in perfect safety and tranquillity, in a last
most happy state of security by the vigilance, intrepidity, and noble love of liberty, which are conspicuous in its The conduct of Adpresent worthy Chief Magistrate. in the late issuing of press-warrants, sir, before they had tried the operation of the high bounty, is
ministration,
very severe terms arraigned the conduct of Administration, in commencing the war with America. He said the affair of Long-Island was by no means That island, he said, was a a matter worthy of triumph. in
mere out-post to New-York, as New-York was an out-post to America, and it would have been folly and rashness in the extreme, had the Provincials attempted to maintain it. He paid General Howe and his brother very great compliments on their manoeuvres in the capture of the island, and inferred that from the whole of General Howe's conduct in his caution in not forcing any of the Provincials' strong-holds, his opening trenches at six hundred yards
taking
probably but as
it,
distance from their redoubts, with his general orders to his officers to act with all
possible circumspection, that most evidently the General thought highly of the Provincials, an
His Excellency George Washington, Esq., Commander-inChief of the Continental Army.
GENERAL HEATH TO COLONEL TYLER. Peekskill,
DEAR SIR
December
whom I have been for several days would over the river. cross expecting They will most probably pass this day or to-morrow, after which you will Colonel Huntington with your regiment, except two join companies, which you are to detach, upon the receipt hereof, to Colonel Hay's, to protect such stores and proon
Hyde-Park, December
I
discovered in securing the stores, &tc., at Tapan. I should have ordered you to have returned to your former post before this time, but have waited for the moving of part of the
Army
JOHN BARD TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
1st, 1776.
have received your favour of the 29th ultimo, and thank you for the vigilance which you have :
this side,
1,
1776.
SIR: As teams appear at present much wanted at the Fishkills, I have taken the liberty to offer mine for the for a week, which 1 beg may be at my pripublick service vate expense. By the same opportunity I have sent a small of cider and fruit, which I beg the Convention will
present of accept as a pepper-corn acknowledgment I
am,
sir,
my
respect.
your most obedient, humble servant,
JOHN BARD.
To
Colonel Pierre Cortlandt, Vice President of the honourable the Convention of the State of New-York.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1031
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO CAPTAIN ELMENDOHF. December 1st, 1776. SIR: The necessity of obstructing the navigation of Hudson's river near Pollepefs Island, having been resolved upon as an object of the utmost moment to the safety of
enclosed resolutions have been adopted. season requires that the preparations should be made with the utmost vigour; and from an opinion which the Committee of Safety entertain of your activity and your zeal for the common cause in which we are engaged, they tliis
the
State,
The advanced
have unanimously appointed you execute
I
mentioned
in
no doubt but that you and cheerfulness. fidelity, despatch, humble servant. By order of the your very
the said resolutions. will
to the trust
it
They
entertain
with
am, sir, Committee of Safety. Captain John Elmendorf, Mr. Jeremiah Clarke.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
I
never
will
commanded
commanded by the man whom I may be wrong, but I have cusmy favour, and a pride common to a
submit to be
tom and prejudice
in
Inter nos. be easily eradicated writing, an express brings advice of
soldier, that will not
am
Fort Washington being in the hands of the enemy, and the whole garrison, consisting of tsvo thousand men, killed or Whilst
I
My
prisoners.
1st
December, 177G.
a publick letter I received As it contained nothing that required yesterday evening. immediate despatch, I deferred sending an express until this General Arnold sends you his opinion of the morning. of a boom, with a draft. I think I remember to subject
have been
is
boom which
placed to defend the is a Portsmouth at dock-yard very heavy chain, which lays at the bottom of the water; at each end thereof is fastened told that the
This boom is placed under the cover of two strong batteries of cannon, and would also be protected by ships-of-war moored across the channel. necessary.
is
a report here that the
King of England
is
dead. I
To
am,
HORATIO GATES.
fee.,
the Honourable Major-General Schuyler.
reason to hold us cheap.
wish to
God
that
it
Ticonderoga,
DEAR GENERAL:
tions for
my
when
1
tenable as possible during the time I remain on the ground. I must take the liberty to remind you that the term for
which the Penmyleanians are engaged expires the 5th of next month; no time is therefore to be lost in relieving them.
I was beginning to seal this, Captain Church, had sent down the lake to gain intelligence of the situation of the enemy, returned and informed me that about four miles below Crown-Point he discovered a large topsail vessel coming up the lake. He made all the sail he could with his boat, and by the help of his oars got clear of her. She came to anchor at Crown-Point. I sent off two parties
regimen on the ground suitable for the sick; no beds or straw to lay on; no covering to keep them warm, other than their own thin wretched clothing. We can't send them to Fort George as usual, the hospital being removed from thence to Albany, and the weather is so intensely cold that before It lays much in they would reach there they would perish. your power, by a proper representation to Congress, to have these defects supplied, and many other abuses redressed to render the service
almost intolerable to
men
you are a much better judge of those shall say no more on the subject.
as
Enclosed is the return of this garrison for this day, together with some of the references omitted in the unfinished plan of Mount Independence and Ticonderoga. I have advice that Colonel McGaw and Colonel De
Haas (two over me.
humble
ANT'Y WAYNE.
servant,
3d December, 1776.
JOSEPH TRUMBULL TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. SIR
very good officers) are likely to be promoted (Their being younger in rank than myself is a
I
:
leave Mr. William Hoskins to act for
me
in
my
absence, in New- England, preparing salted provisions for I must another season. beg your Excellency's directions to time as occasion may require, and -waron the Paymaster-General from time to time as he may apply, as the season is coming on for providing necessaries for the winter, and next season the demands will be large. Whatever sums he may receive I shall hold myself accountto
him from time
rants
able I
for.
am, most
respectfully, dear General, your most
servant >
Jos.
humble
TRUMBULL.
His Excellency General Washington.
We
I
I
They immediately by land to make further discoveries. have not yet returned. Whether this is only a single vessel come on some scheme, or the advanced guard of the enemy, I can't determine. I think it is quite too late for an attack; however, I am preparing for the worst, and will, at all I would events, defend this place until succours can arrive. by no means have this occasion any alarm until you hear
shall be hard set to get the sick away; our hospital, or rather house of carnage, beggars all description, and shocks humanity to visit. The cause is obvious : no medicine or
matters than me,
ANT'Y WAYNE.
.
I
this place as
But
hun-
to
I
Notwriting from Head-Quarters at Saratoga or Albany. withstanding, I shall endeavour to recollect the heads of such matters as you recommended to me viva voce, and to render
officers.
me
As
whom
:
and
with
Major-General Gates.
December, 1776.
was favoured with instructions from General Schuyler, viz That sentries were necessary in an Army; that cleanliness was conducive to health; that chimneys ought to be swept; to send advice if soap and candles were wanting, Sic. Indeed, the chief purport of them were to let me know that I had no power to do any one act, however necessary, without first obtaining permission in
that tend
the fifteen possible to lead
left
sincerely,
anxiously waited for your direcline of conduct as commander of this post until
the^27th ultimo,
was
your assistance, but for one day, I would risk life that rny they would sell their lives or liberties at too dear a rate for Britons to make many But as that is out of my power I can only wish purchases. you success, and assure you that the post you left to my charge shall be maintained; and that I shall always be ready to serve you with the best service of, dear sir, yours most
further from your
COLONEL WAYNE TO GENERAL GATES.
MY
he
is
a strong cable, which is fixed to a capstan; whenever it is necessary to raise the boom, the capstans are manned, and the chain hove as near the surface of the water as is thought
There
Had
heart bleeds for poor Washington.
but Southern troops he would not be necessitated so often to fly before an enemy, whom, I fear, has lately had but too I
Albany,
Enclosed
I
yesterday.
dred hardy veterans you
DEAR GENERAL:
1032
circumstance which, perhaps, you were not acquainted If Congress see cause they undoubtedly have a with.) own part, I shall with the utmost right to do it; and for my retire to my Sabian field, where love, where composure wish fondly, waits my return. peace, and all that man can
much
GENERAL GATES TO GENERAL SCHUYLER.
1776.
GOVERNOUR COOKE TO MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY. Providence, December 2, 1776
past 12 o'clock at night.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: doubted
information
that
a
I
large
)
$
have just received unfleet
of square-rigged
morning between Block-Island and Montauk, steering for Newport. When the letters were writing to me from Colonel Noyes and Colonel Sturton, eleven sail were plainly discovered, and when the expresses came away several more hove in sight. I am mustering the Militia of this State, and must earnestly entreat you not to lose a moment's time in assembling a force to march immediately to the assistance of this State, and act as the vessels
was seen
this
I also give this informaexigency of affairs shall require. by express to Governour Trumbull, and desire you to forward the enclosed immediately. I am, in great haste, respectfully, your Honours' most
tion
obedient,
humble servant,
NICH'S COOKE.
Honourable General Court of the Massachusetts-Bay.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1033
JAMES BOWDOIN TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. Boston, December 2, 1776.
The
SIR:
enclosed
from General Lee
letter
received, which I beg leave to ours for your consideration.
communicate
to
is
just
your Hon-
Sergeant Daives has just informed me that there is not a man left at Dorchester heights, by which the cannon there may be rendered useless and the barracks burnt by any person inimical and evil-minded enough to execute so infernal a business. I have desired him to attend your Honours, that you may know from him the state in which the posts at Dorchester are left, and he now waits on you
DECEMBER,
be.,
1776.
1034
would at this season attempt a progress thro' the country. It seems but too I therefore probable that I was mistaken. beg leave to retract the resignation I then made, and as soon as I have disposed of Mrs. Reed and my children, will attend my office in the Army until a successor or operations shall cease beyond all doubt.
is
appointed,
Flattering myself that an uninterrupted attention for six months and my conduct during that time, will incline you to the most favourable construction of this measure, which
proceeded from our unacquaintance of the state of things, I am, with great respect, sir, your most obedient and very
humble servant,
Jos.
KEED.
accordingly. I am, with great respect, your Honours' most obedient servant >
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
your Honours, per Mr. Loring, in the morning, a from Mr. Gibson, Secretary to the Treasury Board at Philadelphia, which L suppose he has communicated.
SIR I arrived here this morning with our troops, between eight and nine o'clock, when I received the honour of your
JAMES BOWDOIN.
Princeton,
I sent
letter
letter
In Committee, Baltimore, 2d December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The
Colonel
officers in
Edward
Cockeyes
battalion has not yet received their commissions, and as the battalion are to meet in all next week, they conceive they
have not a
right to act without their commissions. therefore request they may be forwarded immediately.
We are,
We
gentlemen, your most humble servants,
WILL'M Lux, AND. BUCHANAN, JOHN MOALE, SAM'L PURVIANCE, Jun.
The Hon. Daniel of St. Thomas
Jenifer, Esq., President of the Council of Safety, Annapolis.
ROBERT CUMMINS TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Monckton
Mills, 2d December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: As
our contract for supplying the troops with provisions will soon be out, and Mr. Buchanan declines any thing further in that way, if a further contract be made (though the latter unsuccessful to us) I would be glad to have an offer of it, as the season for putting up provisions is at hand, and our people whom we have purchase the needful supply is returned, after engaging the chief part of what we shall want, or what you will allow for barreled beef or pork, should I find it answer to put up any more than will serve the present contract. As there will be some salt wanted for the troops, the honourable the Council will please to let me have an order for
had out
to
the preference in the purchase of one hundred bushels, payAs I could not get any of the last, ing the current price. came to Baltimore without it. The messenger with this will wait
your answer. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant,
1st,
with
this side
its
enclosures.
the North-River,
When
the
enemy
I
apprehended that they meant to make a push this way; and knowing that the force which I had was not sufficient to oppose 'em, I wrote to General Lee to cross with the several Continental regiments in his division, and hoped he would have arrived before now. By some means or other he has been delayed. I suppose he has passed the river, as his letter of the 26th ultimo mentioned that he had marched a brigade the day before and should follow the next himself. The remainder of the troops I conceived necessary to guard the several passes through the Highlands, nor do I think they can be called from thence. Their number is very small, being reduced to very few by the departure of the troops who stood engaged till the 30th ultimo. I understand there are
As
their
exchange
now
at
Bristol several prisoners. be effected with pro-
at this time cannot
priety, I think it will be necessary, under the present situation of affairs, to have 'em removed immediately to some
more
interiour place
their paroles. If they remain disadvantage. I have the honour to be, with great esteem, sir, your most obedient servant, ,
they
may be
of
upon
infinite
uo. WASHINGTON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO CAPTAIN OTTENDORF.
summer
for the
of the
landed on
first
BALTIMORE COMMITTEE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
December 2d, 1776.
:
The
Congress having been pleased to give you a commisof a Captain in the Army of the United States, you are hereby authorized and empowered to inlist a body of able-bodied men, especially Germans, to be under such regulations as the Congress shall hereafter direct, for the term of three years ; and on the conditions and pay of the last sion
establishment.
Given under
my
hand
this
second day of December, 1776.
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
Captain Ottendorf.
ROBERT CUMMINS.
To
the honourable the Council of Safety at Annapolis.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO COMMANDING OFFICERS OF BATTALIONS. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 2, 1776.
The Army under
General Howe has taken possesof Brunswick. General Washington, not having a sufficient number of men to oppose the enemy, is obliged to retreat before them. Vigour and spirit alone can save us. There is no time for words. Exert yourselves now like
SIR
:
sion
freemen. By order of the Council
:
DAVID RITTENHOUSE, Vice
To the
Colonels or
Commanding
President.
Officers of the respective
Battalions.
COLONEL JOSEPH REED TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read December
3, 1776.]
Burlington, New-Jersey,
SIR:
When
on the 30th
I
did
ult., I
December 2d, 1776.
myself the honour of addressing you had not the least idea that the enemy
An
Estimate of the Provisions and Men at and near TRENthe Cattle on the east side River DELAWARE. ; 2, 1776.
TON also December
1035
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, General Return of the Army.
DISTRIBUTIONS.
REGIMENTS.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
TRENTON, December
1st,
1776.
1776.
1036
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1037
RETURN
OF OFFICERS IN
&c.,
DECEMBER,
GENERAL SULLIVAN's BRIGADE
1776.
1038
Continued.
Continental Eighth Regiment of Foot. Field Officers
:
Enoch Poor John McDuffee Joseph Cilley
Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel.
Straff Officers
Captains.
Caleb Greenleaf Adams
William Sawyer
Major. Commissioned
:
Officers.
Surgeon. Mate.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1039
for that busidiers,! sent him,knowing him to be well qualified ness. As he has been employed from the first October, make him from that time will no doubt
appoint
your Excellency
Your Excellency's humble
fee.,
PAUL DUDLEY SARGEANT.
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO GENERAL HEATH. Fort Constitution, 2d December, 1776.
MY
of necessaries that
miles square, full twenty or thirty to them. Ought they not to be interfurnishing supplies ? Is it not feasible to possess ourselves of Hackensackl rupted is
Colonel Tyler's regiment is not yet returned from Toppon. to forward my works and bardoing all in my power obedient servant, most and am, respectfully, sir, your racks; JED. HUNTINGTON.
Am
Major-General Heath,
Fort Montgomery, December 2d, 1776. I received the resolve sent to me by your
honourable House, setting forth the necessity of Colonel till the first Humphrey's and Snyder's regiments continuing But Colonel Snyder's regiment went of January next. the 27th and 28th of November last, which from here away was before I received the resolve. I had the resolve read to success. Upon Colonel regiment, but without
Humphrey's some persuasion the officers all turned out two corporals, and two privates; but, in
three sergeants,
opinion, had exerted in themselves, officers the many of the men general
my
but to to stay another month might have been persuaded in it, officers was some there do the regiment justice, good Lieutenant Hamille, who acted as Adjuas well as men. is still employed here. tant, and Lieutenant Talmage of my hear that to am I Captain Rosekrans, very sorry ;
not provided for in the new arrangement. he was not amongst the list of Captains, I of a Field Officer, he was promoted to the rank imagined which I think he was deserving of, for I must say, without of the officers of the regiment, and any reflection on the rest I believe it will be acknowledged by the most of them, that he was the best officer in it. And as he was the oldest
When
is
I heard
he often had the command of this garrison before 1 moved here. Lieutenant Lee, who was his Lieutenant, and a good officer, would have been willing to serve under him as he was ; but as he is appointed under another much
officer,
below
his rank,
he talks of declining.
too late to continue I
To
are
distressed
them
But
I
hope
it is
not
I
presume General Lee's
division
Captain our business; and
I have sent an officer with a strong of them, and bring them up loaded party to take charge with stone, as they can be very conveniently loaded between Peek's Kill and this. I wish Captain Godwin and
some other of my
officers
who were
behind on court-
left
martial, were ordered to join their regiments, as their them ? panies are little worth without
am, dear
I
sir,
GEO. CLINTON. meal ordered here, on delivery, fell short twelve s pounds of the weight mentioned in Mr. Quackenboss' note. Will you be kind enough to mention this to him?
To
the Honourable Major-General Heath.
MEMORIAL OF JOHN HATHORN, OF GOSHEN. Goshen, December 2d, 1776.
Gentlemen, the Memorial of John Hathorn, of the County O/"ORANGE, humbly showeth : That your memorialist had a small quantity of salt in
Mr. William Ellison's store, at New-Windsor; that there was not more than he had engaged to his neighbours, and was obliged to keep for his own use ; that a large number of men, whose names your memorialist can discover, without any legal authority, as he conceives, have taken out of said store, as well the salt of your memorialist (except one and that your memorialist is in bushel) as of other persons That unless a the greatest want of salt for his own use. check is put to such unjustifiable proceedings, your memo;
the seeming disorderly spirit at apprehending, from the common people, his property, among pervading present He thereas well as those of others, will be very insecure. fore humbly prays, that this honourable House would be
rialist
into consideration, and grant pleased to take the premises
such
relief as to
them
shall
seem meet
;
Fort Montgomery, December 2d, 1776. I
send your Honour a return of the
on including those on the fortifications The creek. Kill or side of the south garrison Puplopen's at Fort Constitution and Fort Independent is supplied by in this garrison,
brother's brigade, and of consequence he will return Since my last return, I moved two in his return. from Fort Constitution to the of
them
my regiment companies fort on the south side of the creek where Colonel Snyder's As I have two separate garrisons regiment was left me. to keep here, one on each side of the creek, I am obliged I have likeabout seventy men on guard at both places. wise
fifty
men who
does duty out of the
five
companies of
my regiment in the artillery, so that I will not be able to of fire-wood carry on any work here, without it be getting and the necessary duty about the garrisons. You will see
and your memo-
ever pray. am, with the greatest esteem, gentlemen, your humble
rialist shall -I
servant,
JOHN HATHORN. New-
The
honourable Committee of Safety of the State of York.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
DEAR GENERAL
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO GENERAL HEATH.
my
com-
yours most affectionately,
Peekskill,
men
must have
for
to their rank. yet, agreeable
at Fishkill.
SIR: Enclosed
want of
crossed the rirer, or at least will before this reaches you, must beg you will order us all the boats and pettyaugers and scows you can spare from Peek's Kill and the ferry. Dobbs will be best able to judge which are fittest
am, gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant, JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General. the President of the honourable Convention now sitting
DEAR
for
The
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
regiment,
We
DEAR GENERAL:
have; but as
COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. Camp Ramapough, 2d December, 1776. SIR: By the best information there are not more than a at thousand of the enemy at Hackensack ; their main body is a fine counthere that and this Between Elizabethtown.
GENTLEMEN:
1040
1776.
The latter we boais and tools to carry on our works here. know you can't supply us with further than you already
servant,
try, of
DECEMBER,
December
2, 1776.
have to acknowledge the receipt of am glad to hear of your Exyours of the 29th ultimo, and at Brunswick, without the least insafe arrival cellency's I am happy to find my honest terruption from the enemy. endeavours to do my duty crowned with your Excellency's :
I
approbation. In addition to the stores which I before mentioned to have been secured and brought off, a quantity of pearl-ash, bees-
wax,
oil,
&.C.,
and two brass patereros, which belong to
An invoice thereof is the States, have been brought here. I have also I have ordered them to Fishkill. enclosed. secured ten tons of lead, which is sent to the same place. am paying the utmost attention to the plan for obstructHudson's river, and have detached General George ing Clinton, with two of his strongest regiments, to push this most important business. They serve for a garrison for Fort Constitution at the same time that they are at this I
duty.
me. by the return that I have not one Field Officer with I would be glad to know if there is any lime or brick at Peekskill, as 1 have one stack of chimneys to build in the
General Scott's brigade, Colonel Task's and Colonel Snider's regiments, are gone home, except about one hundred of General Scott's brigade that have been prevailed upon to stay a little longer. The Convention of the State
oarracks on the south side of the creek.
of
I
am,
To Hon.
sir,
your Honour's most obedient humble servant, JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General.
Major-General Heath, Head-Quarters, Peekskill.
New- York had
sent
them an address and
fifteen
hundred
to conpounds currency, as a gratuity to encourage them I did all in my power to prevail tinue a month longer. them, and also transmitted to General Scott your Ex-
upon
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1041
to inlist, as they say, after they
have seen
their
I
friends.
The tered,
which
much work
at this post are but few, and much scatit out of our power to accomplish so
now
troops
will
number of resolves from
the
Com-
mittee of Safety of the State of New- York, which I take the whether your Excellency liberty to enclose, not knowing has as yet received them. General Lee is this day beginning to pass the river with
sir,
send for them. God grant us success in our expediI am in tion, for to-morrow we shall go to the Jerseys. great expectation of doing something at the close of the 1 will
year.
With much
respect, I
am, dear
servant,
and numbers of the Northern Army we are on their march to join you. So that 1 hope soon to congratulate your Excellency on some signal victory over division
his
1042
shirts 1
As
some.
put
a
1776.
you would be pleased to save one dozen bought, as the officers will be glad to have soon as we return from the other side of the river,
beg, dear
of those
as I fear will be expected; but no endeavours of
mine shall be wanting. I have just received
DECEMBER,
the room of Herring, who refuses. By my personal knowledge of those gentlemen I have recommended, I arn very sure they will do honour to the service and their country.
at cellency's letter, urging the expediency of their staying this time; but all was in vain; home they must go; but
many mean
&c.,
your most humble
FRED. WEISSENFELS.
Robert Harpur, Esq.,
;
sir,
at Fishkill.
told are
JAMES DUANE TO ROBERT HARPUR. Manor Livingston, 3d December,
enemy, unless upon the approach of the reinforcements they should give you the slip, which 1 rather think will be the
GENTLEMEN: Be
the case.
have the honour to be, with respect and esteem, your Excellency's most humble servant, I
W H
To
his
Excellency General Washington.
plement.
To COLONEL WEISSENFELS TO ROBERT YATES.
DEAR
The
December
SIR
somewhat
:
constant
with the names of those
who
I
who
to
who
County, should do any thing of that nature, it would in this County, and we think that as you represent the County, it is your indispensable duty to make
refuse to serve.
whom, 1 humbly propose
To
2d. Captain 1st.
3d.
Copp ; Captain Gershom Mott ; Captain John Brogdon ;
I
resentatives of the
Nicholson
members withdrew, and broke up the Committee ; otherwise the Committee would have represented the broken state of the inhabitants of the County as a body. eight
s
Regiment.
Lieutenant Hugh McClallan; Lieutenant John Nicolls ; Lieutenant Simon Crygier;
To
Doctor, Hunlock Woodroof; Paymaster, Christopher Bennet ; Chaplain, Rev. Mr. Gano.
COURT OF INOJJIHY ON GENERAL ARNOLD. Court of Inquiry held at Albany, the 2d December, 177G, to examine into the cause of complaint exhibited by Colonel Moses Hazen against Brigadier-General Arnold ; Brigadier-General Bricket, President; Colonel Wigglesworth, Colonel Cortlandt, Members. Colonel Hazen produced a writing on the back of a was given by him at Chamblee, that was receipt, which delivered the Commissioners by General Armold, as fol-
FRED. WEISSENFELS. Robert Yates, Esq.,
at Fishkill.
lows "
COLONEL WEISSENFELS TO ROBERT HARPUR. Peekskill,
DEAR
SIR:
have wrote
December 2d, 1776.
Mr. Robert Yates, and annexed a list of officers who will not serve, and who, I I also think, will serve. humbly recommend them to your Simeon Crygier is on the list for an notice. in I
to
Ensigncy,
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
JAMES CLAY, Chairman of the County Committee. Messrs. John Session and Simon Stevens, Esqs.
A
I am sorry to inform you that Captain Pelton does not answer my expectation, and therefore should be sorry that he should be the oldest Captain, but would presume to mention that Captain Graham is much more deserving.
To
County of Cumberland, and State of
P. S. There was but nine members that voted for the withdrawing the letter, and eight against it. And after the vote was passed, and another that you have a copy of, the
All of Colonel
\
JAMES CLAY, Chairman. JOHN BHIDGEMAN, JOHN SERGEANTS, SAMUEL NICHOLS, ISRAEL SMITH, LUKE KNOWLTON, A RAD HUNT. SAMUEL KING, Messrs. John Session and Simon Stevens, Esqs., Rep-
J$ew- York.
recommend.
to
uneasiness
a true representation thereof.
ser-
Captain John Johnson; Captain Richard Platt, Brigade-Major; Captain Elijah Hunter; Lieutenant James M. Hughes; Lieutenant John Johnson. Officers
At your
for said
FRED. WEISSENFELS.
Officers
:
aforesaid, respecting the broken situation of this County. It is our opinion if we, who are only a part of the Committee
make
'
DUANE.
desire, Captain Clay, Chairman of the Committee for said County, has taken pains to call us together, in order to make a representation to the State
I would be much obliged to you to communicate to me the arrangements of the other York battalion ; and with
van
JAS.
Brattleborough, December ye 2, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
you.
your most obedient, humble
your most obedient
JAMES CLAY TO CUMBERLAND DELEGATES IN NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
recom-
Doctor Woodrof would be glad to be appointed in He is now Surgeon in Colonel Van Cortlandfs regiment. As for a late Colonel Ritzema's, and a good Surgeon. Sugeon's Mate, I know none, except one Minema, who, I fear, is taken prisoner, as he was on the other side with the The Chaplain I hope you have been pleased to apsick. and also the Paymaster; both of whom I made bold point, to recommend last time I had the honour of being with
sir,
respect, gentlemen,
Robert Harpur, Esq., and the other Members of the Committee of Arrangement in Convention, Fishkills.
mend.
great respect I remain,
in pressing terms, to repair service suffers but too much from
To
will not serve, together
humbly presume
have written
The
1 am, with great humble servant,
difficult
circumstances permit. Enclosed is a list of officers
I
the impediments to the arrangement which arise from his long absence.
2d, 1776.
movement of the Army makes with respect to the speedy raising recruits for the regiment, notwithstanding I have delivered some officers, who are on the spot, the cash for the above purpose, and doubt not we will fit up the men as fast as it
Mr. Yates
the Fishkills.
to Peekskill,
1776.
examine whether there is a vacancy for the bearer, recommended by Mr. Yates, and in that case give him his recruiting orders. 1 am told Colonel Van Schaack's officers have already more than their compleased to
:
Thirty kegs rum for the use of the garrison, one load of which Mr. Daniel Tucker acquaints me was delivered Colonel to a Frenchman who kept tavern at Chamblee. Hazen can best tell how much he sold.
"One order, as
66
keg brandy for his private was the tobacco, which is
use, taken without to be charged to his
my
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1043 The
account.
bales contained about one hundred
and fifty B. ARNOLD, B. General."
pounds each.
Mr. Daniel Tucker being duly sworn, out of the
says, that
coming
Chamblee, he saw a cart loaded with kegs, about eight or ten. He asked the man that drove it, what he had in his kegs? Was answered it was rum he had from La and was going into the village to Prairie, brought deliver it to a tavern-keeper by Colonel Ha sen's order. Colonel Hazen then asked the evidence whether he knew Mr. Bell, of Chamblee, and if he sold rum ? Answered he knew him, and he sold rum and wine. 2rf Question. Whether he knew his handwriting? Answered, Yes. Colonel Hazen then produced a writing, which the evidence thinks was writ by Mr. Bell, wherein he charges the publick with sixty gallons rum lent Colonel Hazen and fort at
Mr. McCarty. General Arnold then asked the evidence whether the rum he saw on the cart was going to Belfs or the French tavern.
2d Question by General Arnold.
Whether
it
was usual
keep ruin belonging to the publick at the French tavern ? Answered, not as he knew, as it was not the post he was to
stationed at.
The
evidence being asked what time he saw the rum go and when he acquainted General Arnold of it ? Answered, the beginning of June last, and acquainted General Arnold of it at Montreal and at Crown-Point. Colonel Hazen produced sundry papers, giving him the command of the district of Montreal, including Chamblee and St. John's ; superintending the works, contracting for
commanding
1776.
1044
come against these logs, the anchor will probably drag, may prevent the logs from breaking,- and deaden the It is eviship's way so much that the chain will not break. should
I suppose that we shall have batteries on the island and the western shore, to prevent the enemy from laying
dent
One alongside of the caissons, in order to cut the chain. caisson might be so constructed as to serve for a battery en barbel, and the guns being so near the surface of the water would make it extremely dangerous for a ship to come within reach of them. The greatest danger and difficulty we have to dread in sinking caissons is from large rocks in the bottom of ihe river, but that may also be overcome. I cannot at present think of a better plan, and if the Committee approve of it, no lime should be lost in procuring the timber, which must be got in the vicinity of ishkill, as the
F
season is so far advanced lhat what might be got here cannot be carried down until the winter breaks up. If the timber cannot be procured below, I should wish to be advised
of
it
immediately, that
I
might employ people about Albany
not only to prepare the timber, but to frame that it, so as the caissons may be expeditiously sunk in the spring. About two thousand pieces of thirty feet long and not less than ten by twelve inches and five hundred pieces square, of fifty feet long, twelve inches square, will be wanted, and about ten thousand inch and half plank. I
to the tavern,
provisions,
DECEMBER,
itc.,
hope
in
fourteen days from this time to do myself the my respects to Convention on my way to
pleasure to pay
Philadelphia. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient, humble servant,
Pierre
PH. SCHUYLEH.
Van
the French Militia, &.C., &ic., &ic.
Cortlandt, Esq.,
Chairman
Sic., &,c.
The
Court, after due deliberation, are of opinion that the words " Colonel Hazen can best tell how much he sold," which is part of the note on the bark of the receipt delivered the Commissioners by General Arnold, are an aspersion of Colonel Hazen 's character, and therefore think the com-
JAMES BRICKETT, President.
GENERAL SCHUYLEH TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. Saratoga, December 3d, 1776.
SIR:
The
time of inlistment of the troops that now garrison Tyonderoga, Fort George, &c., will expire on the last day of this month, and I fear they cannot be prevailed upon to remain there after that it is therefore of the utmost ;
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT. Saratoga, December 2, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of the 23th ultimo, covering the resolutions of the Committee of Safety and draft of part of Hudson's river, I had the honour to receive this afternoon. I am
much
obliged by the favourable opinion the
Committee of
I wish I could be in pleased to entertain of me. sentiment with them, and be convinced that I was equal to
Safety
is
the business they wish me to undertake. It is truly imporand will claim more attention than it will be possible for me to bestow on it, without neglecting a variety of other tant,
matters that are also indispensably necessary to be attended to ; I will nevertheless most cheerfully give the utmost of my assistance.
As
the Committee has not pointed out any particular of executing the work, I take the liberty to suggest ideas on the subject. Experience has taught us that
consequence that troops should be expedited into this deAnd agreeable to the partment the soonest possible. enclosed resolution of Congress, I do myself the honour to entreat you to order such parts of each regiment to be raised in your State for this department as can be got ready, to march so as that they may arrive at Albany by the latter end of this month.
As
it
is
impossible to prevent the
a chain sufficiently long to reach across the river ought to have better supports than floating logs perhaps caissons, from thirty to forty feet square, according to the depth of the water where they are to be sunken, might answer the
end.
At
the place
is about six thouif, therefore, twenty-five such caissons were sunk at nearly equal distances, the intermediate space between each would be about two hundred feet. The tops of the caissons might come up to within two feet of the surface of the water at ebb tide, and the chain run through them at about six feet below the upper part of the caissons; but as the chain might not be sufficiently strong to withstand the great force of a ship coming against it under sail, and with the tide, a number of floats, each composed of six the logs large pine logs, of fifty feet long, might be made
sand
feet
wide
question the river
in
;
;
fastened to eacli other with strong chains, eight or ten feet long, with an eye-bolt at each end and through the log, forelocked and keyed the two extremes of those six logs to be fastened by a chain to two of the caissons. These thus fastened and let go with the tide of ebb, will form the two sides of triangle, the angular point of which will be ;
about one hundred and twenty feet from the line of caissons, and there they should be kept by anchors. If a ship
gaining
it, and possess himself of that important post; and what the consequences will be are easily conceived. I do not therefore doubt but that every exertion will be made by your State to hasten on the troops. I am, sir, most respectfully, your obedient humble servant,
advantage of
PH. SCHUYLER.
mode
my
enemy from
intelligence of what passes in this quarter, should the troops now at Tyonderoga leave it before others come up to relieve them, General Carleton will doubtless take the
To
the honourable President of the State of Massachusetts.
Newport, December
2, 1776.
The tain
sloop Providence, Captain Hacker, arrived in a cerport last Wednesday from a cruise, in company with
the Alfred, having taken a rich ship, a brig, and snow; the brig we mentioned in our last to have arrived safe; and it is said the Alfred and the other two prizes are safe in port at the eastward.
A
gentleman arrived in town on Saturday from Boston, informs lhat a privateer from the eastward had lately taken a ship with dry goods, &tc., whose cargo cost thirty-seven thousand pounds sterling.
MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY TO PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Boston, December 2d, 1776.
SIR We have the honour to enclose you, by order of the General Assembly of this State, the petition and plan of Messrs. Fanueil and others, French gentlemen, together :
with the proceedings of the Assembly thereon, and to reto the immediate notice of the honourable Congress, as the Assembly are of opinion the plan of these gentlemen may be adopted and improved by the
commend them
Congress
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1045
benefit of the United States.
to the great
They hope
the
Congress will take the matter speedily into consideration, as the gentlemen have been here upon considerable expense waiting the success of their application, and seem
FRANCIS DANA. order of the Committee.
By
To
John Hancock, Esq., President of the
the Honourable
honourable Continental Congress.
DECEMBER,
1776.
1046
tarried for that time, but by some mischance his letter, though dated the 6th ultimo, did not arrive till the latter end of last
week.
We the
desirous of entering into their service.
&c.,
have
for
some time had very disagreeable news from
The
Tories here say the Regulars drive our like a parcel of sheep; that they have driven them forty or fifty miles with the greatest precipitation ; and, by our late accounts, we learn that the enemy are in possession of the forts Washington and Lee, and some say, with all their artillery, stores, &.C., and between two
Army.
Army
before
them
and three thousand men taken prisoners but we have no certain accounts, only common fame, and I hope it will not prove quite so bad as it is reported, though I am pretty certain things wear a pretty unfavourable aspect in that quarter; but whether from cowardice, treachery, or want of experience, I am not certain, though I would hope the latter. These things raise the heads of the Tories, and very much ;
The Committee
of both Houses upon the Memorial of Messrs. Fanueil and others, French gentlemen, have attended that service, and beg leave to report it as their opinion, that the proposal of raising one or more regiments to be officered by French gentlemen, appears to be easily effected, and will be attended with important consequences
United States, especially as there are many Canaparts of the United States who, from the
to the
dians
in different
That best information, will readily enter into the service. therefore the plan and papers herewith, be forthwith transrecommending the same to their immeMonsieur Fanueil is now at considerable himself, and the other French gentlemen with
mitted to Congress, diate notice, as
expense
for
him, waiting the success of their application.
Esq., be a Committee, with such as the honourable House
honourable Congress respect-
ing the same.
Sent down
for
of, pray send it along as soon as possible to cheer our drooping spirits. Give my best regards to Colonel Thorn/on, who by this time, I hope, has got well through the small-pox. I wish you health and happiness, and am your friend,
JOSIAH BARTLETT.
The weather
this fall and is now and pleasant. 5th. The General Court has voted to send five hundred men, agreeable to General Washington's request, to be immediately raised and sent ; and to send and try and raise five hundred more out of our Militia at New-York. They have also voted to supply Colonel Long's regiment with necessaries for their march but I fear they will not be We have had a conprevailed on to move soon, if at all. firmation of the loss of the forts Washington and Lee. Agreeable to the request of Congress, we have purchased a
P. S.
JOHN WHETCOMB, per order. Read and acIN COUNCIL, November 26th, 1776. That Francis and Dana, Resolved, thereupon cepted, shall appoint, to write to the
depress the spirits of the friends of liberty. If you have any good news to inform us
concurrence.
remarkably
here has been
fine
;
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
Secretary.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, November 29th, Read and concurred, and Brigadier Palmer and 1776. Colonel Orne are joined. SAM L r REEMAN,
Speaker pro tempore.
considerable
2, 1776.
SIR: Captain Gardner waits on you for a commission of twenty guns, which I intend sending Your Honour will particularly serve me if you out soon. If it's necessary that I should will send it immediately. come up to Exeter, shall come, but hope it can be done for a very fine ship
without, as
I
am
greatly hurried.
Your most obedient
servant,
JOHN LANGDON.
Honourable Meshech Weare, Esq. JOSIAH BAHTLETT TO WILLIAM WHIFFLE.
MY
DEAR SIR:
I
am
to
Twenty thousand
pose, and I hope endeavours to see
JOHN LANGDON TO MESHECH WEARE.
Kingstown, December 2d, 1776. acknowledge the receipt of yours
of the 8th ultimo, and want to hear the determination of Congress about increasing the soldiers' wages. Our Court had voted to give our men the same wages that the Massa-
and knowing that they had voted ten dollars our Committee that went to appoint the officers, per month, have given orders and have inlisted a number of men on those terms, so that it will be impossible now to raise them on any lower terms. They have appointed officers for but two regiments, viz in Sttirk's and Poor's. General Ward gave orders to Colonel Long to march his regiment from Portsmouth to Ticonderoga, but I understand the men say they inlisted on the encouragement given them by their
of shoes,
stockings,
mittens,
it is
almost empty, and
money
dollars are requested for the pur-
you and your colleague 1
will
am
loth
we
should
that
lutely
to
they should not be called away out of the many of them, I am informed, refuse abso-
march.
Many
necessaries are wanting for
them
before they can go, which will take some time to procure, and they have not received any pay except one month's
wages from
this State.
General Washington has requested a thousand more men this State to be sent him, to be inlisted till the 1st of March. The General Court, which began their sitting last Thursday, has it now under consideration, and will, 1 believe, from
comply with sonably,
we
Army, and
his request.
Had we
I believe
received his letter sea-
men that are with that could have prevailed on them to have
should have sent to our
is
make more paper
at this time.
Not having an opportunity of sending this letter, I am now arrived at the 6th, and we are now told that General Howe is marched with twenty thousand men for Philadelphia, and by a letter from Rhode-Island we are informed that a large fleet of the enemy have arrived there, but the news here is so various and contradictory that we know not what to believe, though lately the bad news have The spirits of turned out to be true, and the good false. the people here seem much depressed with our repeated Unless something turns losses, and I fear in the Army too. up more favourable, I dread the consequence. I hope the Congress act with more spirit than they have done lately,
am
assured they will lose much of their former Pray use your influence to keep up a consistency in their conduct. The want of it is much complained
or else I
influence.
This
of.
inter nos. J.
B.
TRANSLATION OF A LETTER WRITTEN RY A FOREIGNER ON HIS TRAVELS.
London, December
:
Province, and
use your
sent forward soon, as our treasury
chusetts gave;
officers
hats,
and many more are agreed for, and have Congress for money to pay for them agreeable to
wrote to order.
Portsmouth, December
quantity
shirts, Sic., &tc.,
DEAR CODNT
I
have now been
six
months
3, 1776.
in
England. You should have heard and eight weeks in this metropolis. from me before, but my frequent avocations, as well as the want of a suitable opportunity, have prevented. Agreeably to my promise, however, I now sit down to give you some account of the character and politicks of this strange people. So copious a subject cannot be discussed in one letter; but :
you shall hear from me again, when further observation have enabled me to be more particular.
shall
The general character of the English is certainly the most fantastick and absurd that ever fell to the lot of any known nation. As they are made up of contradictions, it would be unjust to give them any uniform designation. There is scarce a virtue that adorns the mind, or a vice that disgraces human nature, but may he ascribed to them as part
of their national character.
But
the former are often
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1047
rendered ineffectual by misapplication, and the latter qualified by a levity of manners, which shows them not to
An
be constitutionally prevalent.
enemy with
his
He
gratitude and inhumanly. when he has but little of
treat
will
Englishman
great generosity, and his
with inwill be lavish of his wealth friend
DECEMBER,
Sic.,
1776.
1048
To this end he hath sent over, not only his own fleets and armies, but has hired a banditti of foreign mercenaries from a petty prince, who supports the splendour of his court by selling the blood of his subjects; and he has also employed
and become a miserly wretch
negroes and wild Indians to persecute the poor Americans without mercy until they shall acknowledge that two and
fortune pours her favours into his purse. He will brave the utmost hardships, and encounter the severest trials with heroick fortitude; and will drown or hang himself because the wind is in the east. He will lend large sums to a stranger
two make five. America is at this time a scene of desolation and distress; a theatre whereon is acted a real tragedy, exhibiting every The royal Army of this species of cruelty and injustice.
it,
when
on the
slightest security,
and refuse
his nearest
relation the
expands with social benevolence; to-morrow, he is cold, sullen and morose. To-day, he possesses the wealth of a nabob; to-morrow, he
means of
subsistence.
To-day,
his
heart
refuses a sixpence to a beggar, lest he should himself be reduced to the want of that sixpence. In a word, contradic-
and absurdity makes an Englishman. During the last century, this people hath risen in wealth, power, and prosperity; but the instability of their temper will not permit them to enjoy with content any blessing in At peace with all the world; feared and retion
possession.
reformed spected by their neighbours ; an established policy, are circumstances suffireligion, and extensive commerce, cient, one would suppose, to render any people happy. But the thirst of lawless ambition can never be satisfied.
The
English assume to themselves the character of being the most just, generous, and humane nation in the world, and yet they encourage the African trade a trade attended with circumstances of injustice, cruelty, and horrour, that disgrace human nature; whereby they fasten for life, the chains of servitude the most abject, and misery the most
complete, on many hundreds of
their fellow-creatures
every
year.
This just and humane nation also sent one Clivc
the
to
East-Indies, to secure a dominion for them there; a counthe Creator never intended for try which, it should seem, the because he had placed it on the opposite side
English,
of the globe, and
complexion.
made
This
the inhabitants of a quite different however, arrived with his forces
Clive,
the East-Indies, and under the sanction of his most gracious Britannick majesty and a free Parliament, put to death some hundred thousands of the inoffensive inhabitants by in
the sword, by famine, and the most atrocious cruelties ; after which he returned to England with immense riches, and a and then cut wife set in diamonds, and was made a Lord his throat
You
with a penknife. be surprised at
will
not surprised at all. evening with a man,
It is
this
;
but the people here were
no uncommon thing
to
spend an
the easy gaiety of social life, and to hear next morning that he hanged himself in a stable, or vein with a razor. practised phlebotomy on his own jugular The now govern in the East-Indies with a in all
English
tyranny so pure, so unadulterated with any mixture of justice or humanity, as could not have been exceeded in the reigns of the twelve Ctesars. This best of all Kings has
America.
most enlightened of all nations are ravishing the women, murdering the men, and laying waste that fertile and beautiful country, under the conduct of Lord and General Howe;
who
mandate with all the. compoHis most gracious Majesty receives, from time to time, such accounts of their proceedings as they please to give him, and is as happy as such a monarch can be. Who would have thought that the peaceful plains of America would be desolated because the inhabitants will are executing their bloody
sure in the world.
not believe that two and two make five, when their good King and wise Parliament require them so to do ? On the contrary, the Americans, highly resenting this treatment, have declared that they will no longer be pensioners of the smiles of such a King, or submit to a Gov-
ernment in which they have no share, and over which they have no control, and which is therefore, with respect to them, a Government of mere will and pleasure. They have determined to be henceforth a free people; and have publickly
avowed lieving
that they will enjoy the inestimable privileges of bethat two and two make only four, accord-
and saying,
ing to the
How
common
sense of mankind.
terminate, God only knows: but it seems very probable that the King of England will lose the most valuable jewel of his crown, in the pursuit of his this
affair will
present views.
You
say, perhaps, that the King could not act so absurdly were he not countenanced and supported in his But the truth is that the folly by the assent of his people. will
King, by means of his Ministers, hath gained such an ascendency over the Parliament, which is the constitutional voice of the people, that he can obtain their sanction for any project in which their rights are not openly and directly attacked. As to the people at large, they- do not trouble themselves about the right or wrong of the matter in contest. America is a great way off, and they have no feelings for what is passing there. They grumble, indeed, about the diminution of their trade in consequence of this war, but leave the discussion of national politicks to their Parliament.
The Crown
hath imperceptibly extended its prerogative so as to destroy the boasted balance of the British constitution; and if the King's power should be further strengthened by the subjugation of America, the people of bid adieu to their constitutional freedom.
England may
Some
of the
wisest amongst them see this, and have openly declared, that the salvation of England upon the success of
depends
now
There he had three
turned his attention to
millions of subjects,
who
He governed them by loved, honoured, and obeyed him. officers of his own appointment; he had the whole regulation of their commerce; and the overflowings of their wealth were conducted by easy channels into his coffers, and into the purses of the merchants and manufacturers of his kingdom. But he has quarreled with these loyal and beneficial because they are so obstinate that they will not acknowledge that two and two make five. Whole volumes have been written on this sul'ject, and all the force of reason and eloquence exerted to convince this wise King that he is in an errour. The Americans have most emphatically beseeched him to accept of the undissembled loyalty ol their hearts declaring that they are satisfied that the fruits of subjects,
;
industry should centre with him and his people, as heretofore, to enrich and aggrandize them; but humbly pray that they may not be compelled to acknowledge that two their
the Americans
in
This infatuated people have wearied the world for these hundred years with loud eulogiumson liberty and their constitution; and yet they see that constitution languishing in a deep decay, without making any efforts for its recovery. Amused with trifles, and accustomed to venality and corruption, they arc not alarmed at the consequences of their supineness. They love to talk of their glorious constitution, because the idea is agreeable, and they are satisfied with the idea; and they honour their King, because it is the fashion to honour the King. Half the loyalty of the nation is sup-
" Britons strike home," ported by two popular songs, viz: and " God save the King." These are vociferated at taverns, over porter, punch, and wine, till the imagination is heated, and the blood in a ferment, and then these pot-valiant patriots sally forth and commit all manner of riot and excess in honour of their King and country. There are fanaticks in politicks as well as in religion, and
and two make five, which would be to them a most dangerous and distressing violation of truth. But this wise and humane monarch is far from being disposed to give up the He has rejected their petitions with scorn, and point. spurned at their offers of affection and fidelity and declares, that he will even risk the crown of his ancestors but he will make the obstinate Americans subscribe to his new
both are managed
dogma.
well.
;
the present war.
in the same, viz: by keeping up the dewhich they delight. The men in power well know the weakness of the multitude, and when they observe them to grow uneasy under the too barefaced encroachments of prerogative, they get half a dozen of court scribblers to expatiate on the glories of the British constitution, and to sing the sweet lullaby of liberty to the people, and all is
lusion in
Just so a nurse rattles three pieces of
tin in
a
little
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1049 rush basket to thinks
it
amuse her crying
has the world
The
child.
in possession,
and
is
poor infant
SILAS
&c.,
DECEMBER,
DEANE TO THE COMMITTEE OF SECRET CORRESPONDENCE.
satisfied.
The
extreme ignorance of the common people of this In general they civilized country can scarce be credited. know nothing beyond the particular branch of business which their or the parish happened to choose for
parents This, indeed, they practise with unremitting diligence; but never think of extending their knowledge further. manufacturer has been brought up a maker of pin heads. He has been at this business forty years, and of heads with great dexterity; but he cannot course makes
them.
A
pin
make a whole pin for his life. of human nature to make pin
He thinks it is the perfection He leave other mat-
heads.
It is enough for him that he beAthanasian creed, reverences the splendour of This he conceives to be the court, and makes pin heads. He is sure the surn total of religion, politicks, and trade. that London is the finest city in the world; Black Friar's bridge the most superb of all possible bridges; and the river
to inferiour abilities.
ters
lieves in the
Thames
the largest river in the universe.
It
is
in
1050
1776.
vain to
him that there are many rivers in America, in comparison of which the Thames is but a ditch; that there are single provinces there larger than all England; and that the Colonies formerly belonging to Great Britain, now independent States, are vastly more extensive than England, Wales, He cannot conScotland, and Ireland, taken all together. He goes into his best parlour and looks on a map ceive this. of England four feet square; on the other side of the room he sees a map of North and South- America not more than two feet square, and exclaims, How can these things be tell
!
He
Paris, 3d
GENTLEMEN: which but
My
have received no reply, some of them fail, I will
I
lest
December, 1776.
from Bordeaux and since, to
letters
will give
you
my
situation
briefly in this give
;
you the
history of my proceedings. Immediately on my arrival, I sent forward your bills, a large part of which were protested,
and intelligence arriving of the loss of Canada, and that Carleton was even on the frontiers of the Colonies, and at the same time the formidable armament gone and going over, made every one here give up the Colonies as subdued. To have tried for a credit under such circumstances would have been worse than useless it would have been mortifyMr. ing, as a refusal must have been the consequence. offered to advance five or six thousand generously Delap pounds, but when 1 considered it was already more than four months since you began to prepare for remitting, and that next to nothing was received, I really found myself embarrassed, and hoping every day for some relief, I suspended engaging, and came up to Paris, having previously ;
Mr. Morris's letter to his different correspondents, not one of which appeared inclinable to be concerned in a sent
credit.
to procure the goods in Amsterdam, be had, but found our credit worse there than in France. gentleman here offered me a credit for a million of livres,
I
sent
if to
A
but
it
was,
when
explained, on the following conditions:
I
direct authority from the Congress, with their of interest ; all American vessels must be sent to
must produce promise
has read the Arabian Night's Enterimpossible tainment, and he hears this wonderful account of America That a giant he believes the one as much as the other.
and until this could be secured him I must proHere vide a credit, or in other words a security in Europe. you are sensible my negotiation ended. I then contracted
rise out of the sea, or that the Delaware should be Talk larger than the Thames, are equally incredible to him. to him of the British constitution, he will tell you it is a
as
It
is
!
should
glorious constitution; ask
of
him what
principles; but he
first
its
is
it is,
sure
and he is ignorant he can make
that
his address;
for the supplies of the large a proportion
army, and crowded into the contract of woolens as
I
well could, sensible
them you might do something, and hoping your remittances might still arrive, or some intelligence of the that with
situation of
your
affairs, for I
thought
I
judged
rightly, that
or seven months you were unable to send out one third the remittances, the returns must be equally difficult. On this ground I have been anxiously waiting to hear some-
Mention the freedom of elecpin heads under it. tions, and he will tell that he does not meddle in these matters; that he lives in a borough; and that it is impossible but that Squire Goosecap must represent that bor-
if in .six
Parliament, because Squire Goosecap is acquainted ough with the Prime Minister, and his lady comes every Sunday to the parish church in a brocaded gown, and, sits in a pew lined with green cloth. How then can it be otherwise ? But He believes these are things in which he is not concerned. in the Athanasian creed, honours the King, and makes pin and what more can be expected of man ? heads The lowest tradesman there is It is not so in America. not without some degree of general knowledge. They turn their hands to every thing; their situation obliges them to do so. farmer there cannot run to an artist upon every
two hundred thousand pounds of powder, via Martinique, one hundred barrels via Amsterdam. The late affairs at Long-Island, of which we had intelligence in October, and
and
sell
in
A
trifling
He
occasion.
This
must make and mend, and contrive observed
in my travels through that and in every city, towns, many country. they have Not a tradesman but will find time to read. publick libraries.
for himself.
I
In
He
acquires knowledge imperceptibly.
He
is
amused with
voyages and travels, and becomes acquainted with the He geography, customs, and commerce of other countries. reads political disquisitions, and learns the great outlines of his rights as a man and as a citizen. He dips a little into philosophy, and knows that the apparent motion of the sun is occasioned by the real motion of the earth. In a word, he is sure that, notwithstanding the determination of King, Lords, and Commons to the contrary, two and two can never
make
five.
Such
are the people of England, and such the people of These nations are now at daggers drawn. At
America.
the Americans knew little or nothing of the art of war, but they improve daily. The British troops are teaching them how to conquer; and they find them very apt scholars. The probable consequence is, that England will lose, and America gain, an empire. If George the Third should subjugate America on his present principles, all good men will abhor him as a tyrant; if he should fail in his project, all wise men will despise him for risking the immense advantages he derived from a friendly connection with that country. But it is time to conclude this long letter; for the first,
present,
therefore, adieu
!
and believe
me
ever yours, &,c., &c., &,c.
thing from you.
Mean
time
I
shipped forty tons of saltpetre,
the burning of New- York, the report of Carleton 's having crossed the lakes, and that you were negotiating, has absocredit with the greater part of individuals ; lutely ruined our and finding so little prospect of completing the Indian goods,
have attended the closer to despatch the supplies for the Army, for which I had obtained a credit ostensibly from a
1
Mean time from a higher source. private person, but really the moneys remitted are in Mr. Delap's hands, except what I have drawn out for my private expenses, for payment of the saltpetre, for the fitting out of Captain Morgan, and for For the two hundred thousand weight of powder Mr. Delap is my should he receive nothing more from surety, consequently will have no considerable balance in his hands. he you Could I have received but one-half the amount in any season, I would have ventured on the goods long before I have this; but to what purpose would it have been, could been credited the amount, if you were unable to remit? The same obstruction must subsist against their arrival. I am however at last promised the goods on credit by the same way as the stores have been procured, and hope to but some of the articles are not ship them this month; manufactured any where in Europe except Great Britain, and others must be substituted in the best manner I the equipment of certain officers going to America.
can.
have written to Mr. Delap to send you his account, also me, which I will transmit as soon may be expected in the month of not on this account only, February; mean time I pray you, but on others, to exert yourselves in remitting so much as to of the Continent, for which I am now support the credit to a Tobacco, rice, flour, enlaced very great amount. whale flaxseed, fins, spermaceti, masts, oil, indigo, peltry, I
to send the particulars to The goods as received.
are in spars, Sic.,
good demand.
Tobacco
at nine to ten
sous per pound and rising, free of duty or expense, save
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1051
Rice thirty to twenty-four livres.
commission.
two I
am, most
livres
per cwt.
Flour twenty-
SILAS DEANE. say tobacco is free of duty, I mean if sold to the Farmers-General directly; on other conditions it is I
inadmissible at any rate.
DEANE TO JOHN
SILAS
JAY.
Paris, 3d December, 1776.
DEAR some
JAY:
my
arrive safe
they
will
give you
Without
intelligence, without without remittances, yet boldly plunging into and negotiations, hourly hoping that
idea of
and
orders,
If
letters
my
situation.
contracts, engagements, something will arrive from America. I send
thousand
thirty
fusils,
By General Coudray two hundred pieces of brass
cannon, thirty mortars, four thousand tents, and clothing for with two hundred tons of gunpowder, thirty thousand men, lead, balls, &c., &c., by which you may judge we have
A
war in Europe is inevitable. The of your giving up or eyes of all are on you, and the fear is the greatest obstacle I have to contend accommodating Mons. Beaumarchais has been my Minister in effect, with.
some
friends here.
extremely cautious, and 1 now advise you to I could not examattend carefully to the articles sent you. I was promised they should be good, and at ine them here. the lowest prices, and that from persons in such station that as this Court
1776.
1052
was well
received, but as you say you have under consideration, any resolution must be deferred until we know what they are. The want of intelligence has more than once well-nigh ruined my affairs
Europe;
it
articles of alliance
respectfully, &c.,
When
P. S.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
is
;
pray be more attentive to this important subject, or drop at once all thoughts of a foreign connection. The Queen is fond of I must mention a few trifles. wishes a and is our friend. She I believe and war, parade,
Could you send me a fine loves riding on horseback. Narrotohegansct horse or two, the present might be money exceedingly well laid out. Rittenhouse 's orrery, or Arnold'* collection of insects; a phaeton of American make, and a A few barrels of apples, of walnuts, of pair of bay horses. butternuts, &c., would be great curiosities here, where every thing American is gazed at, and where the American conengages the attention of all ages, ranks, and sexes. I ten ships here I could fill them all with passengers for America. I hope the officers sent will be agreeable they were recommended by the Ministry here, and are at this instant really in their army but this must be a secret. Do you want heavy iron cannon, sea officers of distinction, or ships ? Your special orders will enable me to procure them. For the situation of affairs in England I refer you to test
Had
;
;
Mr. Rogers, Aid-de-Camp to Mons. Du Coudray. I have presented a number of memoirs, which have been very favourably received, and the last by his Majesty, but my being wholly destitute of other than accidental and gra-
as in
tuitous assistance will not permit my sending you copies. Indeed I was obliged to make them so as to explain the rise,
so large a contract there is room for imposition, my advice is that you send back to me samples of the articles sent you. Cannon, powder, mortars, &c., are articles known; but
the nature, and the progress of the dispute. I have been assured by the Ministers, that I have thrown much light on the subject, and have obviated many difficulties ; but his
clothes, the fusils, &.C.,
by which any imposition may be Large remittances are necessary for your credit, and the enormous price of tobacco, of rice, of flour, and many other articles, gives you an opportunity of making
Majesty
detected.
Louis XIV.
had
hesitated
I
it
might have ruined
my
affairs.
But
your remittances to very great advantage. Twenty thousand hogsheads of tobacco are wanted immediately for this kingdom, and more for other parts of Europe. I have written you on several subjects, some of which I will
attempt
briefly to recapitulate.
The
destruction of the
fishery may be effected, by two or three of sent there early in February, and by that I mean blow given to Great Britain by de-
Newfoundland your
frigates, means a fatal
stroying the stages, boats, &.C., and by bringing away the Glasgow, in Scotland, may people left there as prisoners.
be plundered and burnt with ease, as may Liverpool, by two or three frigates, which may find a shelter and protection in Blank commisthe ports of France and Spain afterwards. sions are wanted here to cruise under your flag against the This is a capital stroke and must bring British commerce.
Hasten them out I pray you. France and and you will greatly oblige the latter by the seizing Portuguese commerce wherever it is found. I have had overtures from the King of Prussia in the commercial way, and have sent a person of great confidence to his Court in person with letters of introduction from his A loan agent here, with whom I am on the best terms. may be obtained, if you make punctual remittances for the sums now advanced, for any sums at five per cent, interest, perhaps less. The western lands ought lo be held up to view as an encouragement for our soldiers, especially foreignYou may, if ers, and are a good fund to raise money on. you judge proper, have any number of German and Swiss they have been offered me, but you know I hav6 troops no proposals to treat. A number of frigates may be pur-
on a war.
Spain are
friendly,
;
Leghorn, the Grand Duke of Tuscany being zealously in favour of America, and doing all in his power to encourage its commerce. Troubles are rising in Ireland, chased
at
and with a little assistance much work may be cut out for Great Britain, by sending from hence a few priests, a little Omnia tentanda is my motto, money, and plenty of arms. therefore I hint the playing of their own game on them, by spiriting up the Caribi in St. Vincents, and the negroes in Jamaica, to
On
all
revolt.
these subjects I have written to you.
Also on
various particulars of commerce. Our vessels have and liberty in the ports of France and
more
Spain Tuscany, than the vessels of any other nation, and that I openly. presented the Declaration of Independence to this Court, after indeed it had become an old story in every part of
Do
not of the dispostion of his great grandfather If he were, England would soon be ruined. not forget or omit sending me blank commissions for is
privateers ; under these, infinite damage may be done to the British commerce, and as the prizes must be sent to you for condemnation the eventual profits will remain with you. Tell Mrs. Trist that her husband and Captain Fowler were
well the 16th instant.
I
had a
letter
from the
latter.
Pray Europe. native of Pennsylvania, is here as a spy yet I believe he corresponds with very good people on your side of the water. The villain returns to London about once in six weeks to be careful
who you
trust in
One
Williamson, a
;
discharge his budget. Doctor Bancroft has been of very great service to me ; no man has better intelligence in England in my opinion, but it costs something. The following articles have been to me they have been seen by both the Courts of France and Spain, and I send them to you for speculation 1st. The Thirteen United Colonies, now known by the name of the Thirteen United States of North- America, shall be acknowledged by France and Spain, and treated with as independent States, and as such shall be guarantied in the possession of all that part of the Continent of NorthAmerica, which by the last treaty of peace was ceded and confirmed to the Crown of Great Britain. 2dly. The United States shall guaranty and confirm to the Crowns of France and Spain, all and singular their possessions and claims in every other part of America, whether north or south of the equator, and of the islands possessed by them in the American seas. or both of them, 3dly. Should France or Spain, either
shown
;
:
possess themselves of the islands in the West-Indies now in an indempossession of the Crown of Great Britain, (as in the last war, in nity for the injuries sustained
consequence
being commenced on the part of Great Britain in violation of the laws of nations,) the United Colonies shall assist the said Powers in obtaining such satisfaction, and such acquisiguaranty and confirm to them the possession of of
its
tion.
of dthly. The fisheries on the banks of Newfoundland, Cape-Breton, and parts adjacent, commonly known and called by the name of the cod fishery, shall be equally free to the subjects of France, Spain, and the United States, reand spectively, and they shall mutually engage to protect defend each other in such commerce. this alliance, and 5thly. The more effectually to preserve to obtain the great object, it shall be agreed that every and any British ship or vessel found or met with on the coasts
of North-America, of South-America, or of the islands
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1053
adjacent, and belonging thereto, and within a certain degree or distance to be agreed on, shall be forever hereafter conprize to any of the subjects of France, Spain, or the United Colonies, and treated as such, as well in peace as in war, nor shall France, Spain, or the United Colonies, ever hereafter admit British ships into any of their ports in America, North and South, or the islands adjacent. This article never to be altered or dispensed with, but only by and with the consent of each of the three contracting
sidered as lawful
States.
Gthly. During the present war between the United States and Great Britain, France and Spain shall send into NorthAmerica, and support there, a fleet to defend and protect the coasts and the commerce of the United States, in consequence of which if the possessions of France or Spain should be attacked in America by Great Britain or her allies, the United Slates will afford them all the aid and assistance in their power. 7tlily. No peace or accommodation shall be
Great Britain
to the infringement or violation
made with of any one of
these articles.
am, with the utmost impatience
I sir,
to hear
yours, &c.,
from you, dear
SILAS DEANE.
MATTHEW TILGHMAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Philadelphia, December 3d, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Mr. here
last
night, after,
.Hanson and Mr. Chamberlaine arrived I
believe, a very
fruitless
being disincumbered of
the best information our General could get, the ;
his
enemy
Army now
not
more than three thousand. If any considerable reinforcement can be sent from hence, he intends to make a stand at Trenton, in case the enemy come forward, which it is generally thought they will, though General Chamberlaine thinks they will not.
The German
nearly ready to march from taken to spirit up the Militia to
battalion are
hence, and every measure
is
move. I
1054
I
last
depend
my
entirely
spatched daily expresses to him, desiring to know when I This makes me fearful that my letters might look for him. have not reached him. I am informed by report, that General St. Clair has joined him with three or four regiments from the northward. To know the truth of this, and also when 1 may expect him, and with what numbers, I have this minute despatched Colonel Stewart (General Gates's Aid-de-camp) to meet General Lee and bring me an account.
look out earnestly for the reinforcement from PhiladelI am in phia. hopes that if we can draw a good head of I
men together, it will give spirits to the Militia of this State, who have as yet afforded me but little or no assistance nor ;
can I find they are likely to do much. General Heard just informs me that a person on whose veracity he can depend, has reported to him that on Sunday last he counted one hundred and seventeen sail of ships going out of the Hook.
You may depend upon further
being advised instantly of any or that of mine.
movement of the enemy's Army,
I have the honour most obedient servant,
to be, with great respect, sir,
your
Go. WASHINGTON.
Honourable John Hancock, Esq.
journey to
camp, which they found on the retreat, and is now no doubt at Trenton, being left by our gentlemen on the road thither on Sunday night.
By
1776.
baggage and stores, my future upon circumstances. have not heard a word from General Lee since the 26th month; which surprises me not a little, as I have de-
situation will
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE.
the
are between six and seven thousand
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
Should the enemy move forward with any degree of speed, not be in time. A
greatly fear our reinforcements will
time will open their designs. If we don't hear to-day of their coming forward from Brunswick, of which they must have possessed themselves on Sunday evening after the retreat of our Army, I shall be inclined to think their aim is not at this place. Where General Lee is, seems not to be known. 'Tis said General St. Clnir is on his march with about fifteen hundred men. had a report indeed yesterday, which for a time gained credit, that Lee and St. Clair were joined with an army of ten or fifteen hundred men, but it dwindled before night into almost nothing. Such is the present situation of our affairs. It is bad enough but may be worse. A few days will determine, and afford little
Trenton, December 3d, 1776.
DEAR
SIR
was
I
:
the 30th ultimo. and to-day of my
much
at this time.
ficient
cause
for
now
favoured with your letter of Having wrote you fully both yesterday just
situation,
it
is
unnecessary
for
me
to
add
You
my
will readily agree that I have sufanxiety, and to wish for your arrival as
In respect to instructions on your route, you must be governed by circumstances. This has been the language of all my letters since I had occasion to call for early as possible.
aid.
your
The
sooner you can join
me
with your division,
the sooner the service will be benefited.
As
to bringing
any of the troops under General Heath, I cannot consent to it. The posts they are at, and the passes through the Highlands, being of the utmost importance, they must be I would have guarded by good men. you to give me frequent advices of your approach. Upon proper information in this instance, much may depend. I
To
Go. WASHINGTON.
arn, &.C.,
Major-General Lee.
We
us a small respite or greatly add to the distress and confusion of this place. I can't see how the Council or the Delegates to Congress can suppress any part of the proceedings of Convention. With great respect, I am, gentlemen, your most obedient
servant,
The
MAT. TILGHMAN.
Council of Safety of Maryland.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO LIEUTENANT-GENERAL HOWE. Head-duarters, December 3d, 1776.
SIR: The letter which accompanies this, was designed to have been sent by the gentlemen whose names are in the but by some accident or delay of my meslist it encloses senger, they had left Brunswick before it reached them. Since that time I have been informed that a number of others, both officers and soldiers, are coining on from the I have directed Colonel Moylan State of Pennsylvania. to meet, and to give them a safe conduct to your outposts. He will transmit you a list of their number, names, and ranks, and I shall, as I mentioned in my former letter, soon ;
make I
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
To
a requisition of the like number of equal rank. Go. WASHINGTON. am, &c.,
Lieutenant-General Howe.
Head-Quarters, Trenton, 3d December, 1776. SIR-. I arrived here myself yesterday morning, with the main body of the Army, having left Lord Stirling with two brigades at Princeton and that neighbourhood, to watch the motions of the enemy, and give notice of their 1 approach. am informed that they had not entered Brunswick
yester-
day morning,
at nine o'clock, but
were on the opposite side
of the liaritan.
Immediately on
my arrival here, I ordered the removal the military and other stores and baggage over the Delaware. A great quantity are already got over; and as soon as the boats come up from we shall load of
all
Philadelphia them, by which means I hope to have every thing secured this night and to-morrow, if we are not disturbed. After
SIR WILLIAM
HOWE TO LORD GEORGE GERMAIN. New-York, 3d December,
MY
1776.
have the honour to enclose to your Lordand stores taken from the enemy, of ordnance a return ship since the landing of his Majesty's troops at Frog's Neck, in Westche.ster County, from the 12th October to the 20th November; those in the Commissary and Quartermaster-
LORD:
I
General's branches are also very considerable ; but as it has not been in their power hitherto to ascertain them, the must therefore be deferred to the next opportunity. reports I also enclose a return of prisoners taken during the campaign, and
am
very sorry to add,
I find
myself under the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1055
necessity of detaining them, though at a very great expense and inconvenience, until the Rebels return the King's
and men, now prisoners with them, for the performance of which, I have had frequent assurances, though hitherto delayed under various pretences. 1 have even allowed some of their principal officers, at their earnest request, to go to their Congress, and endeavour to expedite the exchange, which, being once effected, I shall soon rid myself of the remaining encumbrance. officers
In consequence of permission formerly received from his Majesty, I appointed Sir William Erskine QuartermasterThe General to this Army, on the 7th October last past. services he has since rendered in the military line of that
department, have sufficiently proved his abilities, and entitle to every acknowledgment in my power to make, which I am fully sensible is the best plea I can offer in recommend-
him
ation of
appointment with I am, &c.,
my
his
Majesty.
W. HOWE.
to the Army under the command of his Excellency the Honourable General HOWE, in several actions, &fc., with the Rebels, from the llth of SEPTEMBER to the 16th of
NOVEMBER, 1776, inclusive, specifying the different periods, and the Corps the casualties have happened in. Head- Quarters, NEW-YORK, 1st DECEMBER, 1776. Pelham Manor, on
the 18th of October, and in previous skirmishes, from the 17th of September inclusive:
British.
17th Regiment of Light-Dragoons. 1st Battalion of Light-Infantry. file,
killed
One drummer, missing. One Sergeant, two rank
Total. Two Sergeants, eleven rank and file, killed ; one Field Officer, one Captain, one Subaltern, three Sergeants,
Names of 1st
;
;
;
wounded. 45th 49th
the Officers killed
One drummer, one One Captain, one
ditto.
ditto.
rank and
file, missing. Subaltern, one Sergeant, one Subaltern, two Ser-
rank and file, killed wounded. geants, seventeen rank and file, 71st ditto. Two rank and file, missing. New-York Company. One rank and file, wounded. Queen's Rangers. Twenty rank and file, killed one Subaltern, eight rank file, wounded twenty-eight rank five
;
;
and file, missing. Royal Artillery. One rank and file, one rank and file, wounded.
file,
and wounded,
wounded;
fyc.
Battalion of Light-Infantry.
Captain Evelyn, of the 4th Regiment, mortally wounded, and since dead ; Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave, of the 40th Regiment, wounded Lieutenant Archibald Rutherford, of the
N. B. The Sergeant and three rank and file of the Royal Artillery, returned killed, were drowned in East River by the oversetting of a boat the 12th of October. In the action the 28th of October, in passing the Bronks River, and in previous skirmishes, from the 19th of October, inclusive:
:
one Sergeant,
One Field Officer, two Captains, two Subalone Sergeant, fifty-seven rank and file, five horses, killed; one Field Officer, two Captains, six Subalterns, fourteen Sergeants, one hundred and twenty-three rank and file, four horses, wounded; one drummer, thirty-six rank and file, missing. Total.
Names of
Officers killed
and wounded.
17th Regiment of Light Dragoons.
Lieutenant Loftus,
wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel Wakott, wounded. killed Lieutenant Taylor,
5th Regiment. ditto.
Captain Deerirg,
;
wounded. 35th
ditto. Lieutenant-Colonel Carr, Ensign Eagle, killed; Captain Fitzgerald, Captain-Lieutenant Massey, Lieu-
tenant Banks, wounded.
49th
Captain-Lieutenant Gore, Lieutenant Joculyn, Lieutenant Roberts, wounded. 3d Battalion of Light-Infantry. Lieutenant Saurine, of the ditto.
killed
;
46th Regiment, wounded. Hessian Corps, fyc. Chasseurs. Four rank and file, killed one Subaltern, nine two rank and file, missing. rank and file, wounded One Captain, two rank Grenadier Battalion of Linsing. and file, wounded. One rank and file, wounded. Grenadier Battalion of Block. Two rank and file, wounded. Hereditary Prince's. Six rank and file, killed ; one Sergeant, thirtyLosberg's. nine rank and file, wounded. Kniphausen. Two rank and file, wounded. Two rank and file, one horse, killed one SubalRail's. tern, three rank and file, wounded. Trumback's. Eight rank and file, missing. One rank and file, wounded. Artillery. 3d Regiment of Waldeck. Thirteen rank and file, missing. ;
;
;
Twelve rank and file, one horse, killed ; one Total. Captain, two Subalterns, one Sergeant, fifty-one rank and file, wounded; twenty-three rank and file, missing.
;
22d Regiment, wounded.
killed
terns,
;
one Drummer or Trumpeter, forty rank and one Drummer, three rank and file, missing.
1056
One Captain, eight rank and file, killed; 28th Regiment. one Subaltern, four Sergeants, fifty-three rank and file, wounded. One Field Officer, one Subaltern, fifteen rank 35th ditto. and file, killed two Captains, one Subaltern, six Serand file, wounded two rank geants, thirty-one rank and file, missing. Three rank and file, killed two rank and file, 37th ditto.
28th
one Field Officer, one Captain, one Subaltern, three Sergeants, one Drummer or Trumpeter, twenty-three rank and file, wounded ; two rank and file, missing. 2d ditto. One rank and file, killed ; three rank and file, wounded. 2d ditto Grenadiers. Two rank and file, wounded. One rank and file, missing. 4th Regiment. 27th ditto. One rank and file, wounded. 28th ditto. One rank and file, wounded. 38th ditto. One rank and file, wounded. 55th ditto. One rank and file, wounded. One rank and file, wounded. 57th ditto. Five rank and file, killed; seven rank and file, 71st ditto. wounded. Royal Artillery. One Sergeant, three rank and file, killed. and
1776.
;
Return of Commissioned and Non- Commissioned Officers, rank and file, killed, wounded, and missing, belonging
In the action at
DECEMBER,
&c.,
Names of
Officers killed
and wounded,
SfC.
Lieutenant De Rau, wounded. Grenadier Battalion of Linsing. Captain De fVesterhagcn, Chasseurs.
wounded. Regiment of Rail. IV.
B.
The
Lieutenant Muhlkausen, wounded.
eight rank and
file
of the Hessian Regiment
of Trumback returned missing, were taken Staten-lsland, the 15th of October.
prisoners
in
Britith.
16th Regiment of Light-Dragoons.
and
One Sergeant, one rank
one horse, wounded one rank and file, missing. One rank and file, five horses, killed subaltern, four rank and file, three horses, wounded. One rank and file, killed two rank Brigade of Guards. and file, missing. 3d Battalion of Light-Infantry. One rank and file, killed one Subaltern, three rank and file, wounded. 17th
file,
;
ditto.
;
In the attack of the 16th of November, when the Rebel and redoubts near Port Washington were stormed, and that fort surrendered, &tc., with other casualties since the
lines
29th of October and preceding the 16th of November British.
;
;
5th Regiment. One rank and file, killed; one Field Officer, one rank and file, wounded. 10th ditto. One rank and file, killed ; one rank and file,
wounded.
:
17th Regiment of Dragoons. 2d Battalion of Light-Infantry.
and
One rank and file, wounded. One Sergeant, three rank
two Sergeants, one drummer, seven wounded. 4th Regiment. One rank and file, missing. One Captain, three rank and file, killed ; five 10th ditto. rank and file, wounded. file,
rank and
killed file,
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1057
One
loth Regiment. file,
23d 27th 28th 33th
42d
rank and
file,
killed;
one rank and
Sergeant, wounded. Three rank and file, missing. One rank and file, wounded. Six rank and file, wounded.
ditto. ditto.
One
ditto.
Suhalterns,
Sergeant, eight rank and four
Sergeants,
One
ditto.
rank and
file,
Sergeant, wounded. One rank and 71st ditto.
file,
;
Commissioned file,
killed
;
one Subaltern, one
wounded; one Sergeant,
October 12
Commissioned
One
Staff.
Privates.
Officers.
Captain, two Sergeants, seventeen rank and file, killed four Subalterns, eight Sergeants, one drumone Sergeant, mer, eighty-nine rank and file, wounded five rank and file, missing.
Thirty -five.
five
one Captain, one Sergeant, thirty-three rank and
Two
file,
wounded.
;
One
Captain, one Sergeant, one Subaltern, Wuttginaw. thirteen rank and file, killed two Subalterns, three Sergeants, fifty-nine rank and file, wounded. Two rank and file, wounded. Dittforth. Donop. One rank and file, wounded. Five rank and file, killed; one Subaltern, sevenLosberg. teen rank and file, wounded. One Captain, six rank and filled, killed ; two Kniphausen. Field Officers, one Subaltern, five Sergeants, fifty-eight rank and file, wounded. One Subaltern, one rank and file, killed; one rank Stein. and file, wounded. One drummer, two rank and file, killed ; one SubRail. altern, three rank and file, wounded. Wessembach. Four rank and file, wounded. Huyn. One Subaltern, two rank and file, killed one Subaltern, four Sergeants, twenty-one rank and file, wounded. Bunon. Two rank and file, killed three Sergeants, twen-
thousand six hundred and seven.
November 20 Commissioned
One
Staff".
Fort Lee.
One
Lieutenant, one Ensign. Quartermaster, three Surgeons. Officers.
Ninety-nine. Total.
Commissioned ten
Officers.
Three Generals,
Lieutenant-Colonels,
eight Colonels,
eleven
Majors, sixty-nine Captains, one hundred and sixty Lieutenants, fortythree Ensigns.
file,
one rank
killed
four Lieutenant-
Wagon master. Privates.
wounded. file,
Fort Washington.
Four Colonels,
Chaplain, two Adjutants, two Quartermasters, Surgeons, two Commissaries, one Engineer, one
Privates.
fyc.
Six rank and file, killed ; one Subaltern, five Chasseurs. rank and file, wounded. Six rank and file, killed ; Grenadier Battalion of Kohler.
Officers.
One
Staff.
;
and wounded. 10th Regiment. Captain Mlntosh, killed. 42d ditto. Lieutenant Alexander Grant, Lieutenant Patrick Graham, Lieutenant Norman MLeod, wounded. 52d ditto. Lieutenant Collier, wounded.
Captain, two Lieutenants.
Colonels, five Majors, forty-six Captains, one hundred and seven Lieutenants, thirty-one Ensigns.
;
Officers killed
fifty-four.
White-Plains.
One
November 16
One
Regiment du Corps. Two rank and and file, wounded. Two rank and Hereditary Prince's.
of New-York.
Quartermaster.
Commissioned
Hessian Corps,
privates.
One
Officers.
Three hundred and
Privates.
wounded.
Names of
Island
ants. file,
missing.
Total.
wounded
Colonel, two LieutenantColonels, three Majors, four Captains, seven Lieuten-
three
and
New-York Company. One rank and file, missing. Royal Artillery. One rank and file, killed; one rank and file,
fifty-six
September 15, 16
sixty-six rank
missing
and
officers
wounded.
52d
1058
1776.
One Adjutant, three Surgeons, two Volunteers. One thousand and six; including nine wounded
Staff.
One
ditto.
DECEMBER,
Privates.
wounded.
ditto.
&c.,
Staff.
One Chaplain, three Adjutants, four Quartermasters, eleven Surgeons, two Commissaries, one Engineer, one Wagonmaster, two Volunteers. Four thousand one hundred and one.
Privates.
;
;
Staff,
Jos. LORING, Commissary
killed
;
landing at FROG-NECK, WEST-CHESTER County, from the 12(A of OCTOBER to the 20th of NOVEMBER, 1776. their
At Fort Washington, now Fort Kniphausen, and
Officers, one Captain, six Subalterns, seventeen Sergeants, two hundred and forty-six rank and file, wounded.
Names of
Officers killed
Battalion
of
Kohler.
ten nine ditto, ten six ditto, thirty-seven four ditto. The Rock, Redoubt, and Batteries in the Jer-
Fort Lee:
Ordnance: Five thirty-two pounders, three twenty-four ditto, two six ditto, two three ditto, one thirteen-inch brass mortar, one ten-inch ditto ; two thirteen-inch iron mortars, one ten-inch ditto, one seys: Iron
Hessemuller,
Captain Medern, Lieutenant LoLieutenant De Lendaic, Ensign De
On
Wuttginaw's Regiment. ;
eight-inch ditto. the road leading to Hackinsack, in the Jerseys
Ordnance
Ende, wounded. Losberg's Regiment.
Lieutenant
De Wurmb,
ditto,
wounded.
Regiment.
Iron Ordnance : 9 thirty-two pounders, 5 twentyfour pounders, 4 eighteen pounders, 15 twelve pounders, 15 nine pounders, 31 six pounders, 49 four pounders, 10 three pounders, 2 five-and-half-inch brass howitzers, 1 thir-
Lieutenant Schwein, killed.
teen-inch brass mortar, 1 ten-inch ditto, 2 thirteen-inch iron mortars, 1 ten-inch ditto, 1 eight-inch ditto.
;
Shot: Round, loose: 1,087 thirty-two pounders, 272 eigh teen pounders, 2,637 twelve pounders, 300 six pound-
Return of Prisoners taken during the campaign, 1776. August 27 Long-Island. Commissioned Officers. Three Generals, three Colonels,
FIFTH SERIES
VOL.
III.
Iron
Total.
Lieutenant Regiment of Rail. Captain Walter, killed Kunen, Ensign Wcrncck, wounded. Huyn's Regiment. Lieutenant Justy, killed; Ensign Wend, wounded.
four Lieutenant-Colonels, three Majors, eighteen tains, forty-three Lieutenants, eleven Ensigns.
:
Two
twenty-four pounders, two eighteen four twelve ditto, mounted on travelling car:
riages, four six pounders.
Kniphausen's Regiment. Captain Barkhausen, killed ; Lieutenant-Colonel De Borcke, Major De Dichow, Lieutenant Brude, wounded. Stein's
two five-and-half-
Fort Independence : Iron Ordnance: Twelve four pounders. Fort Valentine: Iron Ordnance: Four twelve pounders,
wounded. wensfeld, killed
ditto,
inch brass howitzers.
and wounded. Captain
Batteries
depending: Iron Ordnance: Four thirty-two pounders, two eighteen ditto, seven twelve ditto, live nine ditto,
six-
Two
of Prisoners.
Return of Ordnance and Stores taken by his Majesty's Troops in the Redoubts and Lines of the Enemy, from
fifteen six ditto, eight three file,
Captains, three Subalterns, one Sergeant, one drummer, fifty-one rank and file, killed ; two Field
Grenadier
4,430
Total,
ty-three rank
Total.
4,101
Privates,
;
and file, wounded. 3d Regiment of Waldeck. Six rank and teen rank and file, wounded.
304 25
Officers,
760 six pounders, 870 three pounders. 30 thirty-two pounders, 40 eighteen pounders, 340 twelve pounders, 290 nine pounders, 74 six pounders, 39 three pounders, 1,159 double-headed of sorts, 42
ers,
Case
Cap-
:
boxes
67
for grape.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1059 156
----------,--------------------------------------------------------
Powder, barrels, Muskets of sorts,
Musket-cartridges, near
bar
-
^ rod
-
you can
NICK'S COOKE.
&.
War Office,
SON.
New-England, Boston, 3d December, 1776.
) )
We have lately been constituted by this Board of War, as for other purposes so to
GENTLEMEN: Government
a
of warlike get from your part of the world those supplies stores we yet stand in need of. Having an opportunity from to ship a small interest by a chance vessel, we to your house for sale. There may be some small
Newburyport consign furs
it
and
come
oil,
or perhaps
oil
only.
Whatever effects may sell them to the best
you for our account, please to advantage, and return us the proceeds, to
freight and all other charges being deducted, in good effective fire-arms, with of France his army, bayonets, such as are used in the King There has been a or those that approach nearest to them.
good manufacture of this kind shown to us as a specimen, that was brought by a gentleman from Nantz, belonging ts to the house of Penet fy Gruel, neg sur 1'isle fey deau a Nante. This fusil was of a good length, had a well-sized It had iron calibre, and a sufficient bayonet and sheath. clasps and steel ramrod, and well fixed in every part, with This fusil was offered at twenty-two a bridle to the lock. livres
when
sum, we presume you will Enclosed you have a letter to
for a less
to
Mr. John White, with ap-
the service of their country, please to receive them, and
them per Captain Rome, for Bordeaux. Enclosed you have a letter to Messrs. Penet &f Son, at Bordeaux, which will please to send forward to them, with an invoice or lading, provided you obtain any oil or furs as mentioned. By order of the Board of War
you bill
:
JA.
President.
WARREN,
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO JOHN WHITE. War-Office, Boston, 3d December, 1776.
SIR: This Board having been informed by Mr. Jackson that you have a quantity of small furs by you fit for shipping, and being well convinced of your strong attachment to your country
State of Massachusetts-Bay,
it
ship
ser-
Honourable Speaker of the Assembly of New-Hampshire.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO MESSRS. PENET
afford
If plications to them for some shipping furs they have. either or both those gentlemen incline to part with them for
events prepare the force of that State to act as the exigency of affairs shall require. in
if
Nathaniel Carter, Esq., also
SIR: I think it my duty to inform you that I have just received undoubted intelligence that yesterday morning a was seen between Blocklarge fleet of square-rigged vessels Island and Montauk, who in all probability are designed for
1066
ful
not insist upon our offer.
Providence, December 3, 1776.
1776.
deaux in your ship Montgomery, Captain Row. you will oblige us to apply to the owners of said oil, which \ve suppose to be train oil ; and if it be of good quality, and they
and
GOVERNOUR COOKE TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY.
I
DECEMBER,
to.,
in
its
present dispute, as they find a great
scarcity of exports proper for the European market, and want a great quantity of military supplies from that country,
beg leave to ask whether you will spare those furs for an There is an opexport upon the account of Government. portunity from Newburyport to ship them. Messrs. Jackson, We Tracy &f Tracy lately bought a parcel in this town. are willing to give the same prices they gave, and which they will furnish you with if you incline to let them go. Please to deliver them in shipping order to said Jackson, Tracy Sf Tracy, and invoice of them ; and if you will send us an invoice likewise of the same we will soon provide payment of it. I am, your humble servant, J. WARREN, President.
Mr. John White, of Haverhill. [Same
to
Nathaniel Carter, at Newbury Port.]
State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
December
Ordered, That the Secretary be directed the several Newspapers the following Act. A true extract from the Minutes. Attest
JOHN AVERY, Dep'y
:
Chamber,
3, 1776.
to
) \
publish in
Secretary.
Tournois. Please to ship upon the Montgomery, she returns, the whole amount of this adventure in
such fire-arms as above described, if you can procure them, and let them be carefully packed in chests. But as you may not be able to procure good fire-arms, and as we are uncertain at present what interest will be to ship it to you by this vessel, we will mention to you what other articles we want, and you will send them in the course they are mentioned, viz: Five hundred well-made gun-locks, with what the English call good bridles; one hundred and fifty thousand good flints, cost three and a half to four livres per thousand; fifty pounds borax purificata, cost in London about five shillings per pound; ten good brass cannon for if not too dear. If field-pieces, carrying three pound ball remains after these to send it in thing any purchases, please
good raven's duck, fit for soldiers' tents. It generally cost from twenty-two to twenty-seven shillings sterling a piece, of thirty-eight yards and seven-eighths of a yard wide. It is probable we may make you some further consignments by our own vessels; and in the interim remain with respect your
humble
servant,
T
,
JAMES WARREN, Board of War.
President of the Messrs. Louis Penet
fy
Son, Merchants at Bordeaux.
War-Office, Boston, 3d December, 1776.
us your to
Lord
one thousand seven hundred and
seventy-six.
An
prevent the forging and altering Bills of Puband for preventing the Depreciation thereof, and for making the Bills of Credit of the United Colonies and the Bills of .this Government a tender in all
Act
to
lick Credit,
payments.
Whereas, by reason of the
unjustifiable attacks
committed
against the United Colonies of America by the troops of Great Britain, and the difficulty of collecting money, plate, and bullion to support the charges of their necessary defence,
the Congress of said Colonies have thought fit, for the carrying on the publick affairs and answering the demands of soldiers and seamen employed by them, to order the im-
of bills of credit of printing and signing a certain number several sums, by Commissioners thereunto duly appointed and authorized: And whereas the Congress and General
Colony have also, for the payment of seaemployed in the defence of the same, ordered that a certain number of notes and bills of credit of several sums should be imprinted and signed by CommisAnd sioners thereunto duly authorized and appointed
Assembly of
men and
this
soldiers
:
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO MESSRS. JACKSON, TRACY, k TRACY.
GENTLEMEN: Your Mr. Jackson mentioning to offer to freight a parcel of oil now at Newburyport
In the year of our
Bor-
whereas several of the United Colonies have, by their Governments, severally ordered the imprinting and signing a certain number of bills of publick credit for answering the demands of soldiers and seamen by them severally employed for their necessary defence, all which bills have retained a the carrying good currency and have very much facilitated
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1067
on of the present war; nevertheless, some wicked persons, intending to defraud the inhabitants of the Colonies aforesaid, and for the sake of base and unlawful gain, have forged, altered, and uttered, several counterfeit notes and of the same, in imitation of the true notes and bills of
bills
vile cheat on unwary and For the prevention of which evils
Colony, thereby imposing a
this
less discerning for the future,
Be
persons
:
enacted by the Council and House of RepresentaGeneral Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That whosoever shall presume to scribe or counterfeit any note or notes, bill or bills, of the tenour, or in imitation of the bills of credit of the United Colonies, estabit
by any
resolve of the
feit and forged notes or bills, knowing them to be such, or that shall counsel, advise, assist in, or procure the forging, of any such false notes counterfeiting, imprinting, or signing
any plate, or make any instrument to be and counterfeiting such notes or bills, every forging convicted before the person so offending, and being thereof of Court of Court Assize, and General Judicature, Superiour Gaol Delivery, shall be punished by being set on the gallows for the space of one hour, with a rope round the neck, and bills,
or engrave
used
in
shall
pay a
fine, for
and
thirty pounds,
the use of this Colony, not exceeding
suffer six
months imprisonment, and be
publickly whipped not exceeding thirty-nine stripes, and be incapable of holding any office under the Government of this Colony, or shall suffer all or any of the foregoing punishments at the discretion of the Court before whom the
according to the nature and the offence; and shall pay to the person shall be defrauded by such forgery treble such offender or offenders shall not be trial shall be,
circumstances of or persons that
damages, and if able to pay the imprisonment, the Court before whom
charges of his or their the conviction is shall order that, at the expiration of said term of imprisonment, such person or persons shall be sold in service a time sufficient to pay the same. And it is also enacted by the authority aforesaid, That
whosoever shall make discovery and give information of such vile and wicked practice of making or knowingly putbill as aforesaid, so ting off any false and counterfeit note or that the person or persons guilty thereof may be rendered to such informer shall have and justice and convicted, every receive as a reward for his good services, on every such conviction, the sum of twenty pounds, to be ordered out of the publick Treasury of this Colony by the Council, on a certificate from the Court before whom the conviction shall be, that such person did inform of such offence according to this act.
And
be
it
ever.
And
all Justices, Sheriffs, Grand Jurors, and Tythingare hereby strictly enjoined and commanded to bring to justice all persons offending against this act or any part
of
it.
CAPTAIN COOK TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 4th, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN:
I have got the ship at a I am in wharf, but not without some trouble. hopes, provided this weather proves good, to have the ship at Annap-
some few days before Christmas. I shall do my utmost in getting ready for sea. In my last I enclosed you two advertisements of the sale of the snow Georgia and cargo, that you may, if thought The other necessary, appoint the agent for the Province. vessel here is all libeled, and I believe the rum in the schooner will soon be sold, as the casks are in bad condiolis
this occasion,
We
provided by
And
be
it
this act against
such notes or
those
who
bills.
further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That if any person any of the
bills
I
am
shall, directly or indirectly, receive or pay aforesaid for a less sum than is in them ex-
pressed, such persons shall be incapable ever after of holding any civil or military office in this Colony, and for every such
offence pay a fine of forty pounds, to be received before any bill, plaint, or indictment; one moiety
court of record by
for the use of the person who shall sue or inform for the same, and the other moiety to the use of this
whereof shall be
is
a
list,
for the ship some small sails, of which the with the quantity of canvas wanting, which
in hopes is in your power to supply me with. Should any thing occur to you relative to the advantage of the ship, I hope you'll please to give me your instructions, that I may closely attend thereto, and shall from time to time inform
I'm
you how we go on. The prisoner, Mr. Dennistoon, is discharged from the ship agreeable to your letter to me. and should have done it on the first application, but was informed the Board of Admihad the management of that business, and my not seeing ralty them was the reason.
The rum, sugar, &c., on board the schooner Nancy, will shall want a sufficient quanbe sold on Monday next. Should be glad you'll appoint some the next cruise. tity for
Wo
one not belonging to the ship, either to purchase or procure what may be necessary for that purpose. I have the honour to be, honoured gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
GEO. COOK.
The
honourable the Council of Safety of Maryland,
An-
napolis.
MAT. DRIVER TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
Decmber
GENTLEMEN: Enclosed you have
4th, 1776.
the determination of
trial of Captain John Fauntleroy. duty to inform you, that after the Court came to the enclosed determination, Captain Fauntleroy behaved in a Very rude and insolent manner to the said Court, declaring that he did not think himself bound ever to attend the said Court, nor to return to his former duty in battalion,
the Court-Martial for the
And
I
think
it
my
while ever his commanding officer, who complained against him, was continued over him, and offered, in the presence of the Court, to give Colonel Stainton fifty pounds to exchange a ball with him, and at the same time said the Court had prejudged the matter, and looked upon it no more than a
mock I
trial.
am, gentlemen, your most humble servant,
MAT. DRIVER
enacted by the authority aforesaid, That if any person or persons shall set or offer his, her, or their goods, wares, or merchandise, at a smaller or less price in gold or silver than what they are by him, her, or them, set at in the be
it
paper currency of the United Colonies, or either of them, he, she, or they shall pay a fine of twenty pounds one moiety thereof to the use of the person who shall sue for and recover the same, and the other moiety to the use of the town where the offence is committed. ;
And bills
hopes you'll be pleased to
want
Colony.
And
in
altering or increasing the
forging or counterfeiting any hand, name, or stamps, or other private mark that shall be, or has been made or set thereon, shall be for either of said offences punished in the is
shall
enclosed
of or figures set and expressed in the notes or bills of credit of the said United Colonies, or either of them, or of
as
which
direct.
sum
shall forge or counterfeit
We
shall want rum for the use of the ship, and shall be glad of your advice on that head. I have sent the tender to go in search of an anchor that's left in Potomack; and it will be necessary for Mr. Middleton and his boat to go tion.
further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That every person convicted of
same manner
1068
1776.
American Congress, and the bills of this Government, shall be received in all payments within this Colony, and a tender of the same may be pleaded in bar to any action brought for the recovery of any money or species of money due by deed or simple contract, or in any way and manner what-
American Congress, Conven-
tion, Congress, or Government of this, or any of the United Colonies of America, or that shall utter any such counter-
or
DECEMBER,
men,
tives in
lished
&c.,
be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the of credit of the United the Colonies, established
by
The
honourable the Council of Safety, Maryland. Melvill's
Warehouse, November
16th, 1776.
an order from the Council of Safety, bearing date the 18th day of September last, for the trial of Captain John Fauntleroy, of the Twenty-Eighth Battalion of Militia for this State, I appointed the 16th day of November, 1776, for holding a Court-Martial for that purpose, and give notice of the time and place for holding said Court, to all persons concerned. In
pursuance to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1069
And there was present at the time and place, Captains Vincent Price, Nathaniel Potter, John Mitchel, Peter Richardson, and Henry Casson, Sen. And after fully hearing the allegations of Colonel Benson Stainlon, and the evidences on both sides, and considering the same, the Court
give judgment
that
Fauntleroy pay five pounds, current money, and breach of duty.
MAJ
.
Captain John for his
offence
Congress, December 3, 1776.
"Resolved, That General Washington be directed, in case he has not entered into a negotiation with General Howe for exchanging Governour Franklin for General
Thompson,
to
suspend the execution of that matter
till
further orders." Philadelphia,
December
4th, 1776.
SIR: The Congress apprehending that in the present state of the Arrny, and situation of our affairs, an exchange of Governour Franklin might be prejudicial, and attended with some bad consequences, haTe been induced to come to the above resolution, which I transmit by their directions. I have the honour to be, with the utmost esteem and respect, sir, your most obedient servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
President,
IN CONGRESS
TO THE COMMITTEE OF
SAFETY. Philadelphia,
GENTLEMEN
:
We received
the 25th November.
December
Mr. McKesson
4, 1776.
1
! letter,
dated
We
have, according to your request, applied to Congress for leave to our State to raise another battalion, to be commanded by Colonel Dubois, which is
agreed
to,
a resolve to that purpose is enclosed for emBlank Aid-Majors at the expense of our State.
and
five
ploying commissions for both the battalions and Aid-Majors are herewith sent. There are forty-five blanks, a few more than the number wanted, to serve in case some might be The accounts of the officers of the spoiled in filling up. The Congress does five battalions is with you to settle. not interfere under the new arrangement in the rank of offi-
by the several States. General Washington is at Trenton with his Army; GenThe city has been in great eral Cornwallis at Brunswick. confusion for some days. Their consternation was great from an apprehension that the enemy would march on to this place; but they have now in a great measure recovered their spirits, and are marching out in considerable numbers to join General Washington ; and in a few days our Army We have no will be strong enough to face the enemy. account where our troops under General Lee are at present, but are hi hopes, if they are on their march, as is said, that cers appointed
Cornwallis
not
proceed any further this way too If he delays a very few days longer, there is speedily. nothing to fear from him. are, gentlemen, your most obedient servants, will
We
PHIL. LIVINGSTON, FRA. LEWIS,
WM. FLOYD.
To
the Convention of the State of
New- York.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Trenton, December 4th, 1776.
SIR
have had the honour of addressing you yesI received a letter from General Lee. On the 30th terday, ultimo he was at Peekskill, and expected to pass the river with his division two days after. From this intelligence you will readily conclude that he will not be able to afford us any aid for several days. The report of General St. Clair's having joined him with three or four regiments, I believe to be altogether premature, as he mentions nothing of it. It :
Since
I
am
informed, from the return of some of the Jersey and Pennsylvania troops from Ticonderoga, whose time of service is expired. They have reached Pluckemin,
has arisen,
I
1776.
1070
I have wrote to have 'em halted and kept together, if they can be prevailed on, till further orders. The enclosed is a copy of a letter which came to hand last night from leave to refer Major Clark, to which I
beg
The number
for the intelligence it contains. enemy said to be embarked is
you
gerated.
of the be rather supposed exagThat there has been an embarkation is not to be it being confirmed through various channels. By Griffin, who went from Brunswick on Sunday with a Captain Sims to pass him by our guards, to
morning and who was detained by Lord Cornwallis till Monday evening on account of his situation, the amount of General Clinton's force, from what he could collect from the officers, was about six thousand as to their destination, he could not obtain the least information. By him I also learn, the enemy were in Brunswick, and that some of their advanced The heavy parties had proceeded two miles on this side. rain that has fallen has probably checked their progress, and ;
prevent their further
may
movement
for
some
time.
have the honour to be, with the greatest esteem, your most obedient servant, I
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Tapaan, November
MAY
IT
PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY
:
The
29, 1776.
bearer of
this,
a private in Colonel Rawlin's regiment, made his escape from the enemy in New-York yesterday. He is an intelligent fellow, and brings information that upwards of ten thousand of the enemy embarked on Sunday last, under the command of General Clinton, the place of their destination uncertain. Some of them informed him they were gone
His Excellency General Washington, at Trenton. Your favour of 3d instant just come to hand.
NEW-YORK DELEGATES
DECEMBER,
where
doubted, Colonel
DRIVER) Pmidentt
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. " In
&c.,
to Carolina, others say to the eastward, (query, if not to the 1 Capes of Delaware !) The number of the enemy at Fort
Lee
at Hackensack about seven thousand, of Lord Cornwallis. Doctor Pell has He also confirms the just made his escape from them. above accounts; but says it was believed by many, the
three thousand
;
command
under the
troops under Clinton were gone to Rhode-Island. I have the pleasure to inform you the stores are all
moved
from this place. One of our little scouting parties brought off a wagon and horses yesterday from the enemy within a few rods of them ; 'tis marked " General Vaughan, No. 1." I
To-day
march
my
detachment,
in
hopes of joining you
soon.
Should the above intelligence be of any service, I shall happy ; and am your Excellency's most obe-
think myself dient,
To
JNO. CLARK, Jun., Major.
Excellency General Washington.
his
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE BOARD OF WAR. Head -Quarters, Trenton,
SIR
:
Yours of the 20th
last
4 December, 1776.
month was delivered
by the Brigadier Le Roche de Fermoy, who
is
to
now
me
here,
me that service which, I dare say, from he would was he better acquainted with our
but unable to render his character,
language. I yesterday received a letter from you without a date, mentioning that the prisoners from Yorktown were directed to halt at
New-Town
there, I sent Colonel
for
my
Moylan
orders. to
On
hearing they were
conduct them, and the
pris-
oners from Reading, who arrived nearly at the same time, over towards Brunswick and deliver them in. I hope you have not sent Captain Price, Lieutenant Peacock, and Major Campbell on to this place, as it is highly improper they should see and know the situation of our Army here and at Princeton. They had better be sent up under the care of some person to New-Town or that neighbourhood, and there wait the arrival of some larger be soon forwarded from Lanparty, who, I imagine, will caster, and go in with them. Lieutenant Symes came over to me at Brunswick from Bethlehem without the least guard or escort, and a Lieutenant of the Seventh Regiment went through our whole Army, and was at last discovered by a mere accident. He had a pass from the Council of Safety, and that was all.
Such an
of suffering prisoners to go in alone irregular mode a stop to, or the enemy will be as well ac-
must be put
If they our situation as we are ourselves. quainted with left at liberty to choose their osvn route, they will
are
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1071
always take that through our
for reasons too
Army
obvious
to mention. I
am,
sir,
Richard Peters, Esq.,
War
Office.
have been obliged to send down a number of our sick to Philadelphia to make room for the troops, and to remove them out of the way. Be pleased to have some 1 should care taken to have them properly accommodated. P. S.
I
think part of the
House of Employment might be procured
for that purpose.
I
have ordered clown an
officer
from each
But regiment, and a Surgeon Mate, if they can be spared. 1 hope they will not want the assistance of the visiting physicians of the hospital.
GENERAL, GREENE TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Trentown, December
DEAR
SIR:
embrace
4th, 1776.
opportunity to write you by Connecticut of the Light-Horse, the posts Captain Skinner, I being uncertain, and sometimes the mails intercepted. have not wrote you a history of the state of the Army so I
this
if those difficulties early as I should otherwise have done had not been in the way.
Upon the retreat of the enemy at the White-Plaint, his Excellency ordered over the North River the greatest part The enemy made a disposition of of the Southern troops. Dobbs's Ferry, as if they intended to cross the river also. The I was then at Fort Lee, opposite Fort Washington. enemy remained in that situation several days, and then decamped and marched off for New-York. By this his Excellency had arrived at Fort Lee. In three or four days from the time his Excellency arrived, General Howe demanded a surrender of the garrison of Fort Washington; The garrison it was refused, he attacked and carried it. The lines consisted of upwards of two thousand men. were too extensive
for that
number
they retreated into the garrison, so
to defend,
much
confusion, disor-
and dispiritedness prevailed, that Colonel
der,
and when
Magaw, who
the garrison, could not get the troops to man had very few killed, and those that the outworks.
commanded
We
were principally from Colonel Boiling's Virthat defended a point of a hill on which regiment, ginia Mount Washington was situated. The loss of the enemy, we learn from several accounts, was near seven hundred killed and as many wounded ; but we have no accounts The loss of Fort Washington renthat are authentick. His Excellency ordered it evacdered Fort Lee useless.
were
killed
valuable stores accordingly got intelligence of it, and as in possession of Harlem river, brought their boats through that pass without our notice. They crossed the river in a very rainy night, and landed about five miles
uated
off.
the
All
accordingly.
were sent they were
The enemy
about six thousand, most accounts say eight thousand. had then at Fort Lee only between two and three thousand effective men. His Excellency ordered
above the
fort,
We
We
a retreat immediately. lost considerable baggage for want of wagons, and a considerable quantity of stores. had about ninety or a hundred prisoners taken, but these were a set of rascals that skulked out of the way for fear of
We
The troops at Fort Lee were mostly of the Had they Flying-Camp, irregular and undisciplined. not a man would have been taken. I reorders, obeyed turned to the camp two hours after the troops marched off. Colonel Cornwell and myself got off several hundred, yet notwithstanding all our endeavours, still near a hundred fighting.
remained hid about
in
the woods.
We
retreated to
Here we are endeavouring
to collect a sufficient
march
for this place,
and part of the
;
The American States should Upon the British plan; they would be a much better body of troops. It would do less injury to husbandry, manufactures, and commerce, than upon the The distresses of the people would present establishment. be infinitely less, for then whose lot it fell to serve would A naturally accommodate their business to their situation. of America upon.
liberties
their Militia
establish
upon the British establishment are a respectable body of troops, and afford a great internal security to a State. They are subject to such a degree of discipline and order as renders them formidable and without that, numbers are. useless, nay distressing, for you cannot bring them to act to any one point and you have a great many useless and unprofitable mouths to feed. The vacancies you referred to his Excellency and me to fill How they up, was referred to Hitchcock and Varnum. have completed the corps of officers I have not learned I Militia
;
;
hope
to their
the inlisting
own satisfaction, if to nobody's may go on favourably; but I
else.
I
wish
fear the con-
The
success of privateering has set all the troops 'Tis impossible to oppose the enemy successfully without a good firm body of troops, subject to proper Our men are good: nothing discipline and well officered. trary. distracted.
wanting, but officers and discipline, are necessary to make the American troops equal to any in the world. I have not time to look over the letter, and must beg your excuse for
any not 1
I did defects, for 1 have only a few moments to write. of the opportunity till within a few moments.
know
am, dear
sir,
with the greatest respect, your obedient
servant,
1NATHANAEL GREENE.
COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. 4th December, 1776.
Camp Ramapough,
SIR: Six companies of Colonel Tyler's regiment returned to camp last night. They have brought with them six pipes of Madeira wine; ten barrels of wine in bottles, much broken and wasted, said to be Teneriffe; one box of soap; all which wait your orders. The last article is much wanted here as it can be any where. I will venture to say as much of the wine, at least of part of it. The officers will be glad of some of it on some terms or other. Part of the wine is
marked " Gabriel Ludlow." The two other companies of Tyler's regiment are Haverstraw; their baggage goes from us this night. Colonel Tyler ers' tools,
me
tells
at
there are eleven chests of armour-
besides bellows, anvils, &.C., in the care of
Abra-
ham Post, at Tapon, who promised to put them into a store He thinks they are of Abraham Maybre's, at the Slote. very safe with the present keeper, and that there is safe passage for boats from that to Haverstraw. I am, sir, your most obedient and humble servant,
JED. HUNTINGTON.
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Haverstraw, December y e 4th, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL:
have had another convincing proof of the folly of The time for which the five months men
But although I should not be able to join you at join you. all, the service which I can render you will, I hope, be. full
battle, or at
least
at this critical Two brigades period. Brunsivick, notwithstanding the enemy were within two hours' march and coming on. The loss of these
were engaged, expired at
troops at this critical time, reduced his Excellency to the necessity to order a retreat again.
Here we are endeavouring to draw our force together. Philadelphia and Pennsylvania Militia turn out with
The
his
to stop their
enemy
short inlistments.
us
on
Hack-
progress.
left
is
have received your pressing letter; since which intelligence was sent to me that you had quitted Brunsivick, so that it is impossible to know where I can
place. force to give the
We
1072
Ticonderoga troops. When we get collected together, I am in hopes it will be a respectable body of troops. The enemy spread desolation wherever they go. The British and Hessian troops plunder without distinction Whig and Tory all fare alike. I am in hopes the General will give orders to advance upon the enemy to-morrow. Our numbers are still small, not to exceed five thousand, When we left Brunswick we had but daily increasing. a very pitiful army to trust the not three thousand men
ensack; from Hackensack to Equaconeck, from Equaconeck to Newark', from Newark to Brunswick, from Brunswick to this
1776.
great spirit; but the Jersey Militia behaves scurvily, and I fear are not deserving the freedom we are contending for.
General Lee
your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
DECEMBER,
fee.,
as efficacious.
The
I
Northern
nearer Morristown than
has already advanced Shall put myself at their shall upon the whole compose an I
Army
am.
head to-morrow. We five thousand good troops in spirits. I should imagine, dear General, that it may be of service to communicate this to the corps immediately under your command. It may encourage them, and startle the enemy in fact, their con-
army of
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDLNGS,
1073
fidence must be risen to a prodigious height if they pursue on their Hanks or you, with so formidable a body hanging at the expense of the Tories, I shall clothe rear.
my
people
which has a double good effect it puts them in spirits and of the foes of comfort, and is a correction of the iniquity of our personal affairs, when paltry to think at stake ; but I entreat you to order some of
It
liberty.
the whole
is
is
favourite
suite to take out of the way of danger my mare, which is at Hunt Wilson's, three miles the other side of Prince.ton. I am, dear General, yours, LEE.
your
CHARLES
His Excellency General Washington.
DECEMBER,
Sic.,
extra rations for those officers.
privates at best; but not content with that, and instead of sending home the officers who have very few men, almost none, and turn those few men over into other companies, they add brevet officers, not only to pick the pockets of the
publick here, but also by and by those brevet officers are to be dismissed from the Militia rolls at home, and in a few times more being called
troops here are so distressed for
as
know,
take their
rum
this rainy
weather, that I must request you'll immediately forward ten hogsheads of rum down to Colonel Hay's landing in HaverI
am,
sir,
yours,
CHARLES LEE, Major-General.
To
Major-General Heath.
DEAR
SIR
I
:
had the honour
Niack, December
you by Dr. Boiven the men. I hope ere
in ily
The
choicest
men continue with me,
of the
high
spirits.
are exceedingly hearty, and I could increase their number very speed-
was occasion, but neither the duty nor time of would justify my putting either this State or the
there
if
service
Continent to that expense. When I marched from Haverstraw on Monday, Captain Steward's men refused to follow the regiment, insisted that I their time of inlistment was expiring. thought it prudent to disarm what of them I could find, viz: five out of eight, the whole complement. Captain Steward appeared yesterday from Convention, where he had been to settle his accounts, and in his way picked up his men at Haverstraw. Tells me he had instructions to continue with the regiment while in service but as it would answer no purpose to keep them here, (were they even good ones,) and as their behaviour has been so indiffer;
ent that the soldiers object to stand in the ranks with them, I have advised Stewart to proceed to Fishkills, and take
With respect to him, I have considered him a sober discreet man, and I believe a brave soldier, and I dare say might have distinguished himfurther orders from the Convention.
had not prevented his attending I have had campaign. repeated evidences of his attachment to the freedom and independency of America and honour of her arms. As these fellows have chosen the alternative of forfeiting their pay rather than do duty, the residue, after their regiment's debts are paid, shall beat the disposal of the honourable Convention to reimburse their bounty and lost arms, unless they think proper to take another heat at making self
his
if
bad
state of health
his duty through the
them
hope
We
at
Elizabelhtown on Island.
It
this
No
side.
that a
said
enemy side New-
troops this
fleet
Wash-
the
of five hundred
sail
to
be credited.
That smaller num-
The
present weather is against them. rnay expect winter after these It may be well to be in preparation, as far as may rains. I shall go to Peekskill as soon as be, for such an event. bers are going
is
not improbable.
We
much
is over, and I much expect to meet General Gates and brother John there. I believe I shall go from thence to Philadelphia next week. I atn, honoured sir, your dutiful son,
the rain
Jos.
TRUMBULL.
Governour Trumbull.
GENERAL HEATH TO COLONEL MALCOM. Peekskill,
December
4th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: I have just received your favour of yesterThe noble principles which animated you and day's date. the brave officers and soldiers of your regiment, to continue a little longer in the service at this critical time, cannot fail and them lasting honour. They are ento ensure both
you
titled to
and
the thanks of their countrymen.
They have mine,
heartily.
I approve of the disposition which you have made of your regiment, and doubt not but the inhabitants will be protected from any further insults from the enemy. I intended to have ordered Captain Treadwell to this to you, he shall remain post; but as he may be of service
with you for the present. The tents, arms, utensils, and ammunition, may be lodged If a whale-boat can be at Colonel Hay's for the present. spared it shall be sent to you. I
am, dear
sir,
yours affectionately,
HEATH
Colonel Malcom.
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO GENERAL HEATH.
,
,,
W. MALCOM.
the Honourable General Scott, FishkiUs.
JOSEPH TRUMBULL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Norlh-Casile, 4th December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR: Enclosed
I send you returns of some of regiments of Connecticut Militia under command of Major-General Wooster, such as I can get; though I have
the
and called again and again for them, I believe there them really true, that is Major Brinsmade's, who seems to be the honestest man. The fact is, they can't make their weekly and provision returns agree; for this reason, they have made a number of brevet officers. They doubt whether these officers will be allowed extra rations: to avoid that, they return so many more men as to cover the called
are but one of
FIFTH SERIES
is
New-Brunswick ;
are lying on this side Hell-Gate, bound down the Sound with the first wind; that they are to ravage the sea-coasts as they go, and to winter at Newport; and it is added by
to
ent servant,
To
however, they mus: have the character of the
to the officers;
sorry to
ington's head-quarters are at
soldiers.
have the pleasure of seeing you before I leave this part of the world, at least of having a' few lines from you; being, with much respect, your Honour's most obediI
am
numbers are too great 4, 1776.
to write
the bounty for yesterday, concerning now he is on his way homeward therewith.
bad
is
I
fate.
others, that four brigades are to march along the coast at the same time on the land. This may be the case, but the
COLONEL MALCOM TO GENERAL SCOTT. Camp
left
we now make weekly ration returns as well Army, by which they must be discovered
State suffer by such conduct of its officers. have nothing material that is new. General
York
straw creek.
be no Militia
things I thought it my duty to report to you, as the character of the State is at stake; and how the officers who have done these things will get along here
The consequence
Haverstraw, 4th December, 1776.
The
:
forth, there will
These
in the State.
as returns of the
SIR
You'll see by adverting to some companies have more officers than
the returns, that
I don't
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HEATH.
1074
1776.
VOL.
III.
Fort Montgomery, 4th December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Your favour of the 2d of this instant, I just You will see received by way of Fort Constitution. from Fort Indeby the enclosed note from Major BarJcer, of lime on board of Ackpendent, that there is a quantity errnan's sloop there, which Colonel Thompson received from for the use of the barracks on board of one Burnet's
now
sloop, at that place, about the time the men-of-war came last
up the which I knew nothing of. By what I hear there must be about two hundred bushels, which will be more than I want I thought Mr. Campbell had taken the brick I at present. As he has not, there must be twenty him of. acquainted thousand there, except a few that Colonel Thompson had I have for the use of the barracks at Fort Independent. river,
the sloop down that has the Major BarJcer to send lime on board to where the brick kiln is; to take in seven thousand brick, and send her up to this fort as soon as posAs there will be more lime than I want, I would be sible. desired
glad to
68
know
if
any be wanted at Ptekskill;
if
not, I
would
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1075
unload the sloop here, and if wanted, would send her down. brick kiln, which is I suppose there will be brick left at the at one Jacob Halsted's, on the west side the river, below
He was to deliver them at this fort at the Dundcrbergh. the rate of thirty shillings per thousand for hard brick, and 'for soft brick, as I assisted him with two men
fcc
DECEMBER,
,
1116.
1076
Resolved, That a Letter be written to the Council and General Court of the State of New-Hampshire, transmitting them a copy of this resolution. Extract from the Minutes :
ROB'T BENSON, Secretary.
twenty
shillings Mr. to burn them.
Campbell had better send for the remainwanted at Peekskill. I have not received the sheet-iron yet which is designed I would for stoves, that you ordered here for Mr. Patrick. be glad to see your Honour here, and have your opinion of what work is the most necessary to be done, as we will not be able to do much more than to get wood, and mend the roads, finish the barracks, &c., &c. I am your Honour's most obedient, humble servant, der of them
JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier- General.
To
the Honourable Major-General Heath, Head-Quarters,
PttktkiS.
WILLIAM DUER TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY.
New- York
Fishkill,
December
4, 1776.
the purpose of inquiring inio, detecting, conspiracies formed in the said State
for
and defeating
all
against the liberties of
America
Fishkill,
the American cause. It was with great reluctance that this Committee found themselves necessitated to trouble you with men whose printo the liberties of mankind, and they ciples are so dangerous have adopted with infinite pleasure an expedient which will probably render them useful to the general cause in which we are engaged, and wean them from those poisonous tenets which have been instilled into many of the.ru, by associating with crafty and designing abettors of the wicked usurpa-
As most of of the British King and Parliament. those persons who have been seduced to take part with our open enemies were flattered by the prospect of self-interest, tions
may naturally be expected that an operation of the same lead them to support a cause by principle will by degrees which their fortunes may be improved. The other resolution which I have the honour to transmit you, is a tribute justly due to Lieutenant-Colonel Welch, who has been stationed at this place by order of General Washington since the 15th of October last. If a strict at-
December
4, 1776.
this State, for the attention he has shown executing the orders of this Committee, as well as for the care he has taken to support good order and regularity amongst his troops whilst stationed at this place; and therefore, that the Chairman be requested, in the name of this
Representatives of in
Committee, to express their hearty approbation of his conduct; and that a copy of this resolution be transmitted to the Council and General Court of the State of
New-Hamp-
WM. DUER,
I transmit
said State against the liberties of conspiracies formed in the America, copies of two resolutions of their Board of this date; the first respects the disposal of sundry prisoners who have been sent into your State for notorious disaffection to
:
Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Committee that Lieutenant-Colonel Welch is entitled to the thanks of the
you, by order of the Committee of the State of New-York for appointed by the Convention the purpose of inquiring into, detecting, and defeating all
GENTLEMEN:
Committee appointed by the Convention of the State of
In
if
Attest
ROBERT BENSON,
:
PETER
R.
Chairman.
Secretary.
LIVINGSTON TO ROBERT BENSON. Manor Livingston, 4th December,
1776.
SIR: Am extremely obliged to you for your kind I have favours. just returned from New-Haven, and have occasion to send the bearer hereof down to Commissary Trumbull, and have ordered him to call on you to inquire where he may hear of him, whether at Peekskill or NorthCastle, as you'll direct him, and on his return let me know where our Army is, and what force the enemy has this side
DEAR
I shall set out the
King's Bridge. returns, as
Am, humble
To
day
after this express
relates entirely to publick business. sir, with regards to all the gentlemen, it
servant,
your very
PETER R. LIVINGSTON.
Robert Benson, Esq., Fishkill.
it
tention to order
ence to the
civil authority, are
commendation gentleman
is
and regularity amongst in
and a deferwhich deserve
soldiers
qualifications
the military officers of a free State, this
happy enough
to possess
them
in
a very emi-
nent degree.
J.
Albany, 4lh December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR: I have none of your favours since Brown was here. Is he not coming again ? As I wrote you in my last, matters this way are growing unimportant the troops are almost all from Ty, save those who remain ;
the winter.
General Gates, with General Arnold, my and several regiments, are gone from here to Their assistance perhaps will not join the Army below. be needed in that case brother Jack will be at liberty for brother, &.C.,
;
was upon this principle that the Committee over which I have the honour to preside, directed me to return their
some
thanks to that worthy officer; and to transmit you a copy of the same, in full hopes that his services may be distinguished
sent
It
in the State to
TRUMBULL, JUN., TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
which he belongs, and that he may have an
I
part at least of the winter.
send you another piece of Indian intelligence, lately me per Mr. Kirkland.
The
much surprised, not to say uneasy, many of their Tories, some of whom are
people here are
at the return of so
opportunity of exerting in a higher sphere the inclination abilities he possesses to serve his country.
the most dangerous of any they sent away. Was it not they fear giving offence, these Tories would not be suffered
your most obedient
to stay a moment. I wish we knew better how to treat our enemies. 1 hope soon to be at Lebanon for the
and
I am, gentlemen, with great and very humble servant,
The
respect,
WILLIAM DUER.
winter.
honourable the Council and General Court of the State
of New-Hampshire.
am
your dutiful son, Honourable Governour Trumbull. I
In Committee appointed by the Convention of the State of New-York, for the purpose of inquiring into, detecting,
and defeating
all
conspiracies which
said State against the liberties of
may
be formed
in
December
4,
1776.
Resolved, That the Council and General Court of the State of New-Hampshire be authorized to permit the Prisoners who have been removed this Committee to said
by
State, to enter on board any of the Continental or private ships of war, excepting such persons who are confined in Jail in said State for treasonable practices against the State of New-York; and that Lieutenant-Colonel Welch be re-
quested to cooperate with the said Council and General
Court
in
executing
this resolution.
THUMBULL, Jun.
ROORBACK TO ROBERT YATES. Albany, December
4th, 1776.
These waits on you with my sincere regards and after informing you of my good health, which blessing I hope you enjoy, may serve to beg the favour of you to let me know for what reason my step-son, John Visscher, was SIR
America :
Fiahkill,
J.
J.
:
;
passed by in the new appointment ; and to beg the favour of you (if there is any remedy left) to have him appointed,
you know his numerous family, as
military ability &tc.
and zeal
in the
cause, his
You'll be pleased to remember that he is an old officer, fn having acted as Captain in two campaigns last war. this he raised a company, and was the first that marched from this County with a company to the northward, where
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1077
behaviour was such as to merit the esteem of the late worthy General Montgomery, who took him along (when none of the Field Officers of his regiment were ever prethat brave Genesent) to Canada, where he was along-side ral when he was slain, and he endured the fatigue of the his
winter campaign, and was the last man who left Canada in the shameful retreat. He has been honoured with a Lieutenant-Colonel's commission by the Honourable John Hancock, upon the recommendations of several Generals who saw his behaviour and conduct. Now to be neglected, and
when he was
boys,
a
man
him much, and
in
service, put
over
his
I
think
is
in general.
laying these matters in their proper place, and using
Your
interest in his behalf, for the reasons first
your
above men-
tioned, will lay under the greatest obligations, not only him, but,
your humble servant,
sir,
ROORBACK.
Robert Yates, Esq., FisTikill
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Lebanon, 4th December, 1776, half past 9 o'clock,
m.
Bowdoin, of the Massachusetts. me, have enclosed it to you to observe the contents, to seal and forward immediately by express. General Lee was crossing the ferry nigh Peekskill, the 1st for
Coming open
President
to
Rogers, the famous, or rather infamous, Rogers, who commanded the Rangers in
December, going
into the Jerseys.
the British service, is disgraced. This State have declined meeting by Commissioners at Providence, to consider and join in measures for securing
the
of credit current in these States against depreciathe reasons were that the honourable Continental
bills
ting;
Congress were taking up the subject, and the fears we had that such step would occasion jealousies in the other States, and endanger so cordial a Union. This State have made the Continental and its own bills of credit a legal tender in all payments, and in the TreasuA tax of seven pence on the pound, in the publick ry. The collecting list, is made payable the 10th of May next. The prices of -the most essential warrants are now out. articles are fixed, and an embargo laid on them. wish to assist all in our power for securing the rights of the Uni-
We
am, with great humble servant,
truth
and regard,
sir,
considerable I
a meeting of the 4, 1776:
JON'TH TRUMBULL.
Governour and Council of Safety,
December
Voted, That Mr. Nathaniel Shaw, Jun., be, and he is hereby authorized and desired to draw a letter of credit in favour of the Captain or Commander of the ship Oliver Cromwell, to be made use of to obtain necessary repairs or supplies for said ship in any foreign port where she may fall and the said Mr. Shaw shall be indemnified by the ;
State against
all
damage
that
may
accrue to him by means
thereof.
A
true copy.
Attest:
complete their men, and likewise some way number of deserters may be sent on board, a
number of whom
are
now
in this State.
am, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant, ESEK HOPKINS.
To
the Honourable Nicholas Cooke, Esq., Governour of the State of Rhode- Island ; to be laid before the Com-
mittee of said State.
ALEXANDER WILSON TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR. December
4, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: As you
me
to
go a voyage
pleased to desire proposals from to Europe, as master of one of the
ships under your direction, I present you the following, viz: 1st, I must approve of the ship and voyage ; 2dly, the cargo
3,000
;
3dly, I must have five per
cent, commissions for sales and two-and-a-half for purchase clear at " Carolina ;" 4thly, to have eight tons privilege
out; Sthly, eight pounds per month wages; 6thly, to be despatched immediately as soon as may be 7thly, not to have a prisoner for a mate. Two tons privilege home. Gentlemen, I wish not to value my services more than I doubt not men may offer to go for half they are worth. of what I ask, who know nothing about the" voyage, nor, perhaps, I
BENJ. HUNTINGTON, Clerk.
how
to put the ship about.
am, with great respect, gentlemen, your very humble
servant,
To
ALEX. WILSON.
the honourable
Committee of War.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO HUGH ORB. Board of War, Boston, 4th December, 1776. SIR: The Board of War being informed that you are now ready to treat for casting a number of cannon, are desirous of seeing or hearing from you as soon as may be respecting that business, as they are anxious to procure every article necessary for the defence of the State, with
the greatest possible despatch. By order of the Board :
Hugh On,
J.
WARREN,
President.
Esq., Bridgewater.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO CAPTAIN ATRES.
your most obedient,
Honourable Governour Cooke.
At
to
that the great
ted States. I
1078
;
a.
SIR: This moment received, undercover with mine, the enclosed
1776.
should be glad that your honourable Board would devise
some way
not to be less than J.
To
DECEMBER,
head,
a discouragement to officers to behave well, and consequently a hurt to the cause
chagrins
&c.,
Board of War, Boston, 4th December, 1776.
SIR
You
are hereby ordered to proceed to sea, for the purpose of reconnoitering a fleet said to be off Block-Island : If you meet with the fleet to look into Cape Cod harbor. :
the Cape, either return or run into Chatham. Apply to Colonel Doane, or otherwise send any accounts you may think proper by express to Brigadier Otis, of Barnstable, with directions to forward the same to the Board of War off"
If you discover nothing off the Cape, run immediately. round the east end of Nantucket, looking if possible into the Vineyard Sound, where if you make any discoveries, run into Hyanniz, the Vineyard, or Woods'* Hole, and send If you discover any thing in the South do well to push hrNantucket, Chatham, Channel, you or Hyanniz, and send express to Brigadier Otis as aforesaid, or if you go into any other place, send by express the and in general, you will use quickest intelligence possible your best endeavours to discover and inform the Board of the motion of the fleet.
express as aforesaid. will
;
New-Haven, December 4, 1776. the flag of truce lately at New-
Saturday evening last London, stopped in this port the manner of her coming in gave some suspicion that their designs were not good, and the officer was taken into custody and examined by the
By
order
:
J.
WARREN,
President.
;
Magistracy of the town, who, after a proper examination, acquitted him, and Monday morning the vessel pursued her
voyage
to
New-York.
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Providence, December 4th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: I received your resolve of this day, and 1 now let note the contents of it. you know that I have long had orders from the honourable Marine Committee to I get all the vessels out as soon as I could man them.
Captain John Ayres.
MAJOR CUSHING TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. Pownalborough, December
4th, 1776.
Having received the honour of an appointment to the second Majority, in the Second Regiment of Militia, in the County of Lincoln, the duties of which office, from the weakness of a declining state of health, I am unable to execute, and which a due regard to the welfare of my countryforbids me longer to retain, your Honours, therefore, will of said office, with my most please to accept my resignation for the same. acknowledgments Any service respectful
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1079
which may be in my power to render my country, will be done with the greatest cheerfulness. 1 have the honour to be, with the profoundest respect, your Honours' most obedient and very humble servant, ROLAND GUSHING.
The
honourable the Council of the State of the Massachu-
setts-Bay.
NOAH
M.
LITTLEFIELD TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. Wells, December 4th, 1776.
To THE HONOURABLE BOARD I have received a letter from the Secretary by your Honour's direction, which shows the honour conferred on me in the appointment of Lieutenant-Colonel in a battalion now raising, svhereof Ebenezer I thank Francis, Esq., is Colonel. your Honours for the undeserved favour conferred on me, and am ready and cheerful to serve in the American Army for the defence of the United States of America, and hope my conduct will do honour to the appointment. :
From your humble
servant,
NOAH M. LITTLEFIELD.
LOTBINIERE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Translation.]
SIR: I arrived at Boston (coming from St. Pierre de Miquelon, and having passed by Chatham and Harwich to Cape Cod,} on the 19th of last month, about nine o'clock The next morning, 20th of said month, I in the evening. sent a letter, which I had written beforehand, to Mr. FranhHn, not then knowing that he had sailed for France three weeks previously, and did not know it till the moment of I instantly went to the the departure of the post. postand not having time enough to have the honour to write
office,
directly to you, I requested you, on the back of the cover to Mr. Benj. Franklin, to have the goodness to open that let-
were addressed to you; to be pleased to make the same use of it as Mr. Franklin would have done had he been there; and to grant me the favour of supplying his place in regard to every thing it contained, both on the other subject. I hope, sir, subject of my son and on every that that letter will have been transmitted to you, as well as the one to my son, which it covered, without being sealed, in order that you might know what it contained but in case it might have been suppressed, I will, in a few words, I informed repeat to you what 1 stated to Mr. Franklin. him that I had spent the whole of April and May last at Versailles and Paris; that I had there had several conferter, as
though
it
;
M. le Comte de Vergennes, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and with many other of the most important personages in France, all of whom had appeared to me to take the liveliest interest in your cause, and that I reserved myself for conversing more fully with him about every thing when I should have the honour to rejoin him at Philadelences with
in the mean while, and knowing that I was aufait with the profession of war to be able to give some good advice as to the present situation of affairs, my opinion was to carry on the war to the close of the campaign which is approaching in the manner of Fabius:
phia; that sufficiently
upon the enemy as much
as possible, taking care to kinds of provisions, and also all the stores of munitions and other things; to lay waste entirely the country you should be obliged to abandon, so that he
closing
keep
in
the rear
all
be able to find any resource for penetrating further, but especially to avoid engaging in a general action with him, which, if lost, would put it out of your power to collect together in time reinforcements to support you. I must add, that whatever manoeuvres he may make to withdraw you from the mountainous passes of the North River, must should
DECEMBER,
I think ought to be to keep your Army in the around enemy and to flutter continually flying camps around him, to destroy and consume him by the fire of your musketry, and especially by that of some field-pieces. When 1 shall have the honour to see you, sir, we shall be able to extend our ideas much further over all our war manoeuvres, and even to some points of policy and precautions to be taken, which 1 look upon as the soul of war when we desire that it should succeed perfectly.
You will perhaps, sir, regard me as too presumptuous to pretend to be an adviser without having yet the honour of being known to- you, and only to those who among your people have been enabled to be acquainted with the most accurate manoeuvres of the last war in Canada; but when
you
shall
that the
learn
whole system of defence
you
troops he can bring against
you with the kind of troops you have to oppose to him, who, in the woods and mountains, will have all the advantage they can ever have over
regular
who, in such a position, are not worth the tenth part of what they would be worth in the open field it is there where your only bulwarks to be located to arrest ought ships and the army of the enemy, which I regard as lost if it decide to bring on an engagement in those regions. Your troops,
:
in
that
country, after the defeat of Baron de Dieskau, until the close of 1758, was solely my own, and that it ceased to be pursued only in the campaign of 1759, in which the Sieur
Pont
le
Roy, a much older Engineer than
arrived in
the
I,
and who
summer of 1758, determined
absolutely, in his mode of defence, to pursue the reverse of all that I had planned; that, besides, every one of the Generals in
France of the present day, who are acquainted with the war manoeuvres in Canada, and the plans laid down by me defence
every particular, accord in saying that it that it never would have been taken if been had they constantly followed, you will then know that with the most determined will to make you succeed in every thing, and accompanied with the general confidence of those whom I have cited, I am pardonable in speaking out in
was demonstrated
once without further ceremony, and in hazarding fearcounsels which I esteem absolutely indispensable lessly the the moment after what I have learned since my arrival in this country and from the knowledge I have of the present at
war (five years ago I travelled from Canada New-York, by Lake Champlain, St. Sacrament, and the North River.) A great attention, and the principal one to
theatre of the
:
to
is to prevent all the evil that the Tories can do to I look your State. upon them as the enemies you have the most to fear, from the moment that I perceived all their plots at Cape Cod; and that which the Committee of this Province has just decreed is the only means of putting a sudden stop to this pest, which would ruin your State from the very moment of its birth. But the law must be put into execution without any consideration, and I will answer that only three examples will be sufficient to unite together at once
give,
your subjects, and perhaps to drive off your enemy very promptly if he no longer sees any mode of dividing you, which, I believe, has always been his greatest hope. I have the honour to be, with the greatest consideration and respect, sir, your very humble and obedient servant, all
THE MARQUIS DE Boston, at
Thomas
LOTBINIERE.
Russell's, near the Towne-house, Wednesday, 4 December, 1776.
) )
P. S. I would be very much flattered at being furnished with orders sufficiently precise to enable me to go to you, sir, without having reason to fear the slightest accident, for me, for my suite numbering only two at present, nor for my baggage.
VOTE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE FOR RAISING FIVE HUNDRED MEN FOR THE STATE OF NEW-YORK. 4 December, 1776.
not
regard them as the most precious points for your preservation, and as the most easy to defend against the kind of
1080
1776.
plan elsewhere
for its
M.
&c.,
The Committee
upon the best ways appointed answering the late requisition of General Washington for raising part of the Militia in this State, &c., made report, (as on file,) which report is received and allowed, and thereupon Voted, That five hundred men be drafted from the several Regiments in this State as soon as possible, and officered and sent to New-York; that the wages of the officers and men be the same that is given by the State of Massachusetts-Bay; that the Field Officers of the regiments aforesaid appoint the Captains and Subalterns of the companies in their respective regiments. Sent up for concurrence: and means
to consult
for
In Council the
SAM'L CUTTS, Speaker pro tern. same day adjourned. E. THOMPSON, Secretary.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1081
COLONEL BAYLEY TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY. Exeter, 4 December, 1776.
SIR:
I
have had of
converse with and perceiving the Indians
late opportunity to
Indians of the St. Francois
tribe;
are informed by our enemies in Canada that it is impossible for our States to supply them with articles they need, and
of course they must be wholly beholden to, and must join in order to counteract their plan, I inform them that them; it is in our power to supply them as reasonably as they can be supplied in Canada; and have hired an Indian, with two men ordered by Captain Ames, to proceed to the Indian hunting ground,
to
inform the Indians that
we
are ready to
supply, if they choose, at Upper Coos, in exchange for beaver, &tc., as reasonably as they can be supplied in Canada ; to inform them we are the same as to them as twelve years past; that we wonder they should make themselves strange; that
we
don't
mean
Beg
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1082
1776.
leave to subscribe myself, your very humble ser-
vant,
JACOB LSAYLEY.
To
the honourable the Speaker of the House of Representatives for State of New- Hampshire.
Memoranda of articles 2 dozen
suitable
for INDIANS, viz:
blankets, white or blue; shirts, coarse, white or check
2 do. 30 yards half-tick, Powder and lead. At present the above Upper Coos.
;
or other cloth equal thereto
is
as
much
as will be
needed at
Charlestown, S. C., December
to entreat ihem, but to inform
;
5, 1776.
arrived here from the West-Indies, we By have accounts of an armed brig of sixteen guns, commanded
two
and undeceive them. For the service of the Indian I promised him a blanket, and his squaw and three children one each. Should think it would be a great saving to this State if some supplies for Indians be conveyed to Upper Coos, and directed to be exchanged reasonably with them for furs, &c.; for if the Indians trade with us we need no soldiers. I thought it
by Captain Christopher fVhipple, being taken by the PortIt is said that the master land man-of-war, of fifty guns. of a Dutch vessel, which he spoke with, led him into the snare, by informing him that the Portland, then in sight, was a large fVest-lndiaman ; he suspected nothing, immedi-
duty to give information.
ately bore
Return of
the Six Independent
vessels
down, and too
late discovered his errour.
Companies and First Regiment of MARYLAND Regulars in the STATES, commanded, by Major GIST.
service
of the UNITED
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1083 which
DECEMBER,
&c.,
that the State
the term of the Jersey and Marybably the occasion of it land brigades' service expired neither of which would consent to stay an hour longer. These, among ten thousand other instances, might be adduced to show the disadvantages of short inlistments, and
tend the soldier
the
times of real danger. But as yesterday cannot be recalled, I will not dwell upon a subject which no doubt has given much uneasiness to Congress, as well as extreme pain and anxiety to myself. little
dependence upon
large army, which, well officered, would be daily improving, instead of continuing a destructive, expensive, and disorderly mob. I am clear in opinion, that if forty thousand men had been
ties,
station, in winter quarters
;
To
Major-General Heath, commanding
at
Peek's
Kills.
List of Field Officers appointed for MASSACHUSETTS State, 1776.
The
Field Officers commissioned are
E/>en'r Sprout, Lieut. Col.
Warham Parks,
Ezra Badlam, Major. Thomas Nixon, Colonel.
Major.
John Bailey, Colonel. Ben. Tupper, Lieut. Col.
Andrew
Calvin Smith, Lieut. Col.
Petero, Major.
Joseph Thompson, Major.
Michael Jackson, Colonel. John Brooks, Lieut. Col.
Rufus Putnam, Colonel.
David Henly,
Joseph Swasey, Major.
constant pay since the first commencement of hostiliand the Militia had been excused doing duty during that
:
James Wisson, Colonel. James Millen, Lieut. Col.
William Shenard, Colonel.
Lieut. Col.
Major.
in
When I period, the Continent would have saved money. reflect on the losses we have sustained for want of good troops, the certainty of this is placed beyond a doubt in my who have been harassed by repeated calls upon them, and farming and manufactures in a manner suspended, would, upon any pressing emergency, have run with alacrity to arms; whereas the cry now is, they may be as well ruined in one way as another and with difficulty are obtained. I mention these mind.
and
your exalted :
first
amply support a
kept
in
and are your Honour's most obedient, most humble servants. By order of the Committee TIMO. DAMELSON, Chairman.
Militia in
wish is, that Congress may be convinced of the impropriety of relying upon the Militia, and of the necessity of raising a larger standing army than what they have voted. The saving in the article of stores, provisions, and in a thousand other things, by having nothing to do with Militia unless in cases of extraordinary exigency, and such as could not be expected in the common course of events, would
My
1084
may know from time to time the probability of their computing their quota. Sir, we wish you all success, with the pleasures that at-
I thought most exposed to danger; and at Brunswick, because I was disappointed in my expectation of Militia, and because on the day of the enemy's approach and pro-
;
1776.
By
order the Committee:
TIMO. DANIELSON, Chairman. Quaker Ridge, December
In such case, the Militia
5th, 1776.
TIMOTHY DANIELSON TO GENERAL HEATH.
tired
;
things to show, that in
my
opinion,
if
any dependence
is
placed on the Militia another year, Congress will be deceived. When danger is a little removed from them they will not turn out at all. When it comes home to 'em, the well-affected, instead of flying to arms to defend themselves, are busily employed in removing their families and their effects, whilst the
make
disaffected are concerting measures to their submission, and spread terrour and dismay all
Ridge, December 5th, 1776.
SIR: We have commissioned Colonel of a regiment, and have
his Major out of three Captains, viz: Wade and Warner, out of Colonel LitteTs regiment, and Newell, in Colonel Hutchinson's. We desire you to fill up a commission to either of them, as will best serve the cause and most agreeable to Colonel Putnam. You will, sir, much oblige the Committee. Your most humble servant.
inate
By order of the Committee To Major-General Heath, Peekskill. :
around, to induce others to follow the example. Daily experience and abundant proofs warrant this information.
day reinforce Lord Stirling with about twelve hundred men, which will make his number about twentyfour hundred men. To-morrow I mean to repair to Princeton myself, and shall order the Pennsylvania troops (who
the account adds, that General Howe was expected at Elizabethtown with a reinforcement, to erect the King's standard and demand a submission of this State. I can only give
a report brought from the enemy's camp by some of the country people. I have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, your most obedient servant, this as
Go. WASHINGTON.
Quaker-Ridge, December
SIR:
are on our return to the
Committee
you to open all letters and packages that may come within your knowledge directed to us, and examine the contents; and if they contain matter of further encouragement for raising our quota of the Continental Army, that you will communicate it to the several Colonels we have appointed, that they may proceed thereon further to inlist as we imagine that rules and ;
be dispensed with when our country's have wrote the Postmaster to question. such despatches to you immediately, and we
ceremony are cause is forward
By
in all
you are,
to
to
We
pay the postage and charge the Stale. your most obedient, very humble servant.
sir,
order of the Committee
We
SIR herewith send you the beating orders, inlistments, and commissions, committed to us by the State of Massachusetts. The commissions you will be kind enough
;
5, 1776.
Assembly of Massaand it may so happen
that the post may convey further orders to the before our arrival at Boston, therefore we desire
We
Quaker-Ridge, December 5th, 1776. :
We
chusetts-Bay without being recalled
desire
TIMOTHY DAN1ELSON TO GENERAL HEATH.
TIMO. DANIELSON.
TIMOTHY DANIELSON TO GENERAL HEATH.
I shall this
are not yet arrived except part of the German battalion and a company of Light-Infantry) to the same place. By my last advices the enemy are still at Brunswick, and
Rufus Putnam, Esq., it with him to nom-
left
:
TIMO. DANIELSON, Chairman.
To
Major-General Heath.
to
keep safe till you may receive orders from the General Assembly how to dispose of them, unless you find Captains and subalterns that have nearly filled their companies in that case you will oblige the State by filling up and deliverIf any Colonels we have coming them their commissions. missioned should stand in need of beating orders and inlistments, you will give them out on the encouragement of Congress, with the delineations and interlineations as you will see made by the Committee on some of them sent
SENTENCE OF GENERAL COURT-MARTIAL. Peekskill,
December
5th, 1776.
;
you.
As we
are assured of your readiness to serve your native all occasions, must desire you to call upon the several Colonies in the new to the arrangement
Colony on
belonging Massachusetts State, as you have opportunity, to make a return of the number inlisted, and transmit the same to the
Assembly by the
post, as often as
you may think necessary,
At
a General Court-Martial held by general orders, at the house of John Mandavel, whereof Colonel Ward is President.
Lieutenant-Colonel
Hamman,
Captain Bartlet, Captain Barlow, Captain Moss, Captain Newel, Captain Wright, Captain Pain, Captain Sumner, Captain Maxwell, Captain Brown, Captain Ladew. Captain Hyde, Judge Advocate. Lieutenant William Horton, Captain Raymonds company, Colonel Nicolfs regiment, brought before the said Court for getting drunk and stripping to fight in a publick tavern,
Major Woods,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1085
and behaving in an infamous manner, unbecoming an and a gentleman. Pleads not guilty.
officer
;
John Roberson, under
oath, saith, that the prisoner gave whereupon Captain Graham gave the prisoner a push, then the prisoner pushed Captain Graham down in the chimney corner and fell upon him,
Graham
the
lie,
having stripped. Joseph Is hon, under oath, saith, that the prisoner stripped off his shirt and struck Captain Graham, and after they was parted the prisoner strove to get in the room to quarrel more with Captain Graham, and swore if he could get at him he fight
1086
place are, that those in the north entrance of the Highlands, and also that near Hait's, each intended to contain upwards of one thousand men, are nearly completed. la those barracks the sick of your division may now be made comfortable and if the building of any other hospital shall be necessary, you may be assured, sir, the Convention will ;
be ready
to afford
every necessary aid
in
their
power
for
that purpose. I
am, with great respect,
sir,
your most obedient, humble
servant.
By
order of the
and
of,
for
Committee of Safety.
In the absence
the Vice President,
JOHN McKfissoN,
The Honourable
Secretary.
Major-General Heath.
him.
Isaac Silver, under oath, saith, that the prisoner and some others got into a wrangle, and Captain Graham came into The prisoner fell to quarreling the room to still the rout.
with the Captain, and cursed, damned, and swore, and Stripped to fight the Captain ; clinched the Captain, jammed up against the bar, and threw him down in the corner and seized him
1776.
under whose direction the barracks between Peekslcill and
first
would
DECEMBER,
this
Lieutenant Feairly, being duly sworn, saith, tbat he was at the tavern of Mr. Mandavell's, where the prisoner was at Captain stripping, and damned and swore he would be Graham, saying, Now I am under an arrest, damn you, I will give a flogging or words importing the same.
Captain
fee.,
by the
throat.
Captain Graham, under oath, nearly agrees with the above evidences and the prisoner saith, that the Captain hath told near the truth. The within Court having maturely heard the evidences, are of opinion, that the prisoner is guilty of infamous behaviour, unbecoming the character of a gentleman and soldier, and adjudge him to be cashiered and dismissed from the ;
JAMES WEEKS'S RECEIPT. Fishkill,
December
5th, 1776.
Received of Ezra L'Hommedieu, Esq., eighty pounds, current money of New- York, in order to defray the expense of transporting four hogsheads of dry goods purchased by John R. Livingston of John Roe, Esq., for the Committee of Safety of the State of New-York, from Boston to this place, by hiring or buying teams for that purpose, as shall appear most advantageous, and to account for the same sum with the Committee of Safety for the State of New- York, charging for my time, horse, and expenses, twenty shillings per day.
Witness
my
hand
JAMES WEEKS.
:
JACOB CUYLER.
Witness,
Army. Attest
JONATHAN WARD,
:
I approve of the above
President.
NICHOLAS BREWER TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
judgment :
W. HEATH,
December ye
Major-General.
We,
Murder's Creek, 5th December, 1776.
DEAR SIR: The weather has been so extreme bad, which, with the want of felling-axes, has hitherto prevented our doing much at the business we were sent up on. have, however, got out some timber, and have several sloops furnished us by Convention, collecting stone and rafts of
We
impressing boats and scows for the publick service, find a the exorbitant prices in men. have spoke difficulty in with General Clinton, who has recommended us to your Honours for the prices of boats of such and such burthen.
We
wait for your immediate directions
We
to to
work
will order us about fifty pounds of twenty or twenty-four penny nails, as we have not one, and cannot do I observed near your door some iron, like without them.
plow-shares. These would answer some good purpose, and be very convenient for us. Should be glad, therefore, you would order the Quartermaster to forward them here. We shall want a number of teams. These, I suppose, we must endeavour to supply with, and give certificates on the Quar-
be the cheapest way. Be pleased to indulge me with a line respecting the situation of our Army in the Jersey, if you have heard lately from them, as our accounts are various and uncertain. I am, dear sir, your most obedient servant, termaster.
J.
TRUMBULL, JUN., TO GOVERNOUR TROMBOLL. Albany, 5th December, 1776.
it.
Must beg you
It will
GEO. CLINTON.
HONOURED a letter
SIR: I wrote you some time since a report of wrote being by the Mayor of this city to the enemy,
advising them to make a movement into Connecticut. The report of a flag being sent you, with the idle excuse that General Washington is not to be found, revives that idea in
not possible the enemy's design, by sending New-London, is to have an opportunity of viewing that harbour, and passing up the country, seeing its strength, the
my
mind.
Is
it
to
situation of the people, the state of the batteries, Sic., and by being at Hartford, to consult their good friends there,
by which they can judge the attempt in that quarter? Jealousy in our situation is
My is
practicability of making an ideas may perhaps run too fast.
absolutely necessary.
am, with great
affection,
honoured
sir,
J. In Committee of Safety, Fishkill,
December
sick of Colonel Bradley's regiment to be taken care of by a physician of this
we had
caused
place until Doctor and be assured, sir, the non-attendance of a Doctor or Surgeon was not ascribed to any inattention
McKnight
arrived
word
your
dutiful son, Jr.
TRUMBULL,
His Honour Governour Trumbull.
5th, 1776.
Sin: I am directed by the Committee of Safety to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of the 3d instant, and assure you that General Washington's approbation of your generous aid in carrying on the obstructions of Hudson's river, and your attention to the passes in the Highlands, afford them the highest satisfaction.
The
A
sufficient. I
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL HEATH.
and subscribe our-
NICH'S BREWER, Jun. JER'H CLARK.
in.
cover
;
selves your ever devoted servants,
timber, and to-morrow, we hope to begin to frame the first The blacksmiths ordered up have not yet joined block.
have we here as yet a shop for them have begun to build one, and have boards
5, 1776.
for hiring or
We
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO GENERAL HEATH.
us, nor
by your Honour
as agents appointed
;
of yours.
Such parts of the unfinished academy as are in any wise tenantable at this season of the year, were lately assigned for a distressed party of sick from General McDongaWs brigade; but we are informed by William Duer, Esq.,
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Lebanon, December 5th, 1776. intelligence from Newthat there are collected in the Sound, near Plumb-
SIR: I have
London
this
day received
Island, ten English men-of-war and about eighty transports; and from another quarter have further intelligence that some hundreds of the enemy's ships and transports had passed Hell-Gate; their destination must at present be uncertain,
whether at New-London or Newport, but Newport may be the most probable, though they may possibly pay us a 1 think it is visit at New-London as they go along. for the New-England colonists to be alarmed, time high and almost every other consideration to be laid aside to have the great object of our defence employ our utmost
small
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1087
and most vigorous exertions.
attention
have ordered the
I
Militia of this State, on and eastward of Connecticut river, to be on their inarch towards New-London, and trust we shall
be ready to afford all possible assistance, whenever the 1 have appearance of the enemy shall make it necessary.
vant >
JON'TH TRUMBULL.
Governour Cooke.
N. B. There came nothing enclosed
in
General Lee's
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO JAMES BOWDOIN. Lebanon, December 5th, 1776
have
I
this
is
design
;
Evening.
afternoon received authentick intelligence
that ten or eleven ships-of-war from New-York, eighty transports with troops, are just arrived off
don harbour
and there
is
very
little
to attack that place or
room
to
Newport
:
and about
Island, without doubt, &tc., &cc.
the
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Providence, December 5th, 1776.
SIR
Yours of yesterday I have just received, and I shall take it for granted that you will take every legal method to forward the manning the ships; and as to what you refer to with respect to the wages and prize money, 1 now let you know that I am not Aijent nor Paymaster, and that I have nothing to do in the matter further than to use my influence that right be done to I have no every man in the Navy. knowledge of any fraud in any officer under my command, and I believe there is not. Shall caution the officers to take
first,
:
round to Boston, my orders will not admit such a step; and if they would, I can see little prospect of getting them there, as I
by
all
patriotick Assemtake this matter into their immediate conto bly important New-Lonsideration, to lend us every aid in your power.
am
well assured that
manned she would have
New-Lon-
doubt but their
appearance, is now most probable. I have given out orders to assemble all the Militia in this quarter for our defence. No exertions on our part will be neglected, though our Militia have been much employed towards New-York, and many of them not yet returned. 1
I
am,
don or Newport, or both, are the objects the enemy have in view to attack. Your virtuous and patriotick spirit and ardour leave me no room to doubt of your vigorous and instant exertion for our assistance, even without any regard to the zeal and ardour exerted by the military force of this State when the scene of blood commenced at Lexington, A letter just now arrived as well as on other occasions. says a much larger number have passed Hell-Gate ; so that it is very probable the whole had not arrived when the express left New-London, and may be hourly expected. You will believe no time can be lost, in order to afford us
one of the ships there had been now.
yours and the members of Assembly's humble
ESEK HOPKINS.
To the Honourable Nicholas Cooke, Esq. To be laid before such Members of Assembly think
as he
Beverly, 5 December, 1776.
DEAR
A
SIR:
few minutes
my leave of you Captain John Derby, of Salem, came to me and made a demand of the guns belonging to the Lee schooner, which Colonel Glover borrowed of him. I interceded with him as much as lay in rny power to have them only for one cruise more, but he utterly refused, and insists upon having after I took
them immediately.
Upon receiving the demand, I, together with Colonel Glover, pursued you, to give the information, but could not overtake you. What can be done about this matter must be left to you. In haste,
I
am,
sir,
your most obedient, humble servant,
WILLIAM BARTLETT. Stephen Moylan, Esq., Head-Quarters, Cambridge. would remind you of the cash wanting.
Sir, I
Newburyport, December
Honourable James Bowdoin, Esq.
The
GOVERNOUR COOKE TO MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY.
may
fit.
WILLIAM BARTLETT TO STEPHEN MOYLAN.
To
relief.
am, sir, with great respect, your and your honourable Assembly's most obedient and most humble servant, JON'TH TROMBULL. I
sir,
if
sailed before
servant >
must therefore earnestly request your
seasonable
1088
care to keep the men on board, although I believe the greatest part of the desertion was before they came on board. And as to what you seem to desire, the ships should go
letter.
:
1776.
letter,
I have this moment received a forward without delay. You will note the contents, and letter from General Lee. take such measures as the exigence of the case may require. Have enclosed the original for your inspection, having not time for a copy. I am, in great haste, sir, your most obedient, humble ser-
SIR
DECEMBER,
are likewise three ships (those I Suppose that are stationed 1 saw them here) a cruising to the eastward. to-day at twelve o'clock, about eight or ten leagues distance, bearing All of which are bound into Rhodeabout E. N. E.
containing the same of the Council of President to Mr. Bowdoin, intelligence, the Massachusetts, which hope you will be so good as to
taken the liberty to enclose a
&c.,
5, 1776.
Captain Henry Johnson, late Commander of the Yankee privateer, are hereby informed, from good authority, that he has escaped from London to France. friends of
Providence, December 5, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: The
enclosed copy of a parfrom Mr. Adjutant Stelle I sent to BlockIsland with a number of British prisoners to be exchanged, may be entirely relied upon.
agraph of a
letter
The last certain information of this fleet is, that they were seen on the 3d instant, at eleven o'clock forenoon, standing for the harbour of New-London, having come round Fisher's Island Point.
supposed that their intention is to meet a number of transports who are expected to come through the Sound. 1 thank your Honours for the measures you have taken to It
is
and am, very respectfully, your Honours' most obedient, humble servant,
give assistance to this State
;
NICH'S COOKE. Honourable General Court of Massachusetts-Bay. P. S. The enclosed was forwarded to me by Governour Trumlull, with a request to send
it
by express.
Block-Island, 2d December, 1776, eight o'clock P. M. SIR Tliis evening, about sunset, came to anchor off the west end of this island eleven sail of British ships, armed, four of which are frigates from twenty-eight to thirty-two :
guns, the others from forty to sixty-gun ships. They anI could There distinctly count their guns.
chored so nigh
Boston, December 5, 1776.
Last Saturday afternoon, Captain St. Barbe, in a vessel belonging to Newburyport, arrived at Squam, from Bilboa, in thirty-three days, with whom came passenger Mr. George Cabot, of Beverly, merchant, who informs, that the Spanish and French ports are open to our cruisers and their prizes,
and that they permit the American vessels to carry the American flag in their ports; and that both the Courts of Madrid and Versailles were determined to prevent the Russians coming to America. Last Sunday, a number of prisoners (marines and sailors) arrived in town from the interiour parts of this State and Connecticut, and on Monday set off for Marblthead, in order to be exchanged for a number of our arrived in the cartel vessels there.
Last Saturday evening arrived
in this
men who
lately
town from Halifax,
long and cruel imprisonment,) the Honourable James Lovel, Esq., to the no small joy of the inhabitants of the capital of this State. via
New-York,
We
(after a
hear that a Beverly privateer has taken five empty part of a fleet of near two hundred sail,
transports, being
bound home from New-York, whether with design to bring over some Russians or fetch provisions, time will discover. By a gentleman of veracity lately arrived from Ticonderoga, we are informed, that the noted Colonel Nesbit
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1039 this
departed
commanded
John's
September last. Forty-Seventh Regiment of Foot in at
life
tlie
St.
in
He
town from the Continental
Commodore Manly,
in
Hancock, of last Thurs-
be entitled to from this date, and shall rise in proportion to his services to the degree of Major and Lieutenant-
shall
day.
Colonel.
3d. That Mons. des Epiniers shall have this in particular and separate from all other officers of the same rank, that should peace be declared the rank of Major shall not be
DEANE TO COMMITTEE OF SECRET CORRESPONDENCE.
SILAS
Paris, 6th
GENTLEMEN
You have
:
Monsieur
agreement with
December, 1776.
him after two years' service; that of LieutenantColonel after four years; and that of Colonel after six years; provided during that time he by his behaviour should not forfeit it, and this shall be tried by a regular procedure before the Board of War, or a Court-Martial assembled by their refused
enclosed the duplicate of an Coudray, of my orders for
Du
clothing, stores, &tc.; of my agreement with Baron De Kalb, and others of his train; also with the Comte De Monau and
which
be agreeable; also the agreement for which I was assured by letters from Bordeaux and elsewhere was as low as could be procured. At the same time, if it is above the stated price, in such
his,
I
will
hope
orders.
freight of the ships,
am
cases I
promised an abatement.
4th. After these six years' service in war or peace, if the Sr. des Epiniers thinks fit to leave the service of the United he Colonies, he shall receive always the half of the
hope the peculiarity
I
salary
of
my situation, and the anxious desire I have of forwarding aid to my country, will be considered if any of the articles Men cannot be engaged to quit their are thought high. native country and friends, to hazard life and all in a cause which is not their own immediately, at the same easy rate
men
as
and
shall be
employed in that corps as Captain during the first campaign, with all appointments, &.C., which a senior Captain in that corps enjoys, which commission he
came round from Newburyport
thirty-two guns,
That he
2d.
two months.
the Continental ship
actually a Captain in the French service, that of the United Colonies, where he
,
corps of Artillery and Engineers.
at
sent as a reinforcement for
Mr.
shall pass over into shall serve in the
New-York, the Honourable Major-General Linwho commanded the Militia of this State which was
coln,
do who are fighting
will
it is
literally
a universal custom in
pro
am
I submit
one thought
to
you
if
wound, he
g JLAS
Agent for
the
[Translation.
to
EANE
Armies of
in the
sei~ve
NORTH-AMERICA,
Le M. De
viz
List of Officers of Infantry and Light Troops destined serve the UNITED STATES OF NORTH- AM ERIC A.
Delesser,
De De De De De De De
Commencement of
Rank.
their
Pay.
Kalb, Major- General, 7th Nov., 1776. Le Vicount De Mauroy, Major-General, 20th do. De Senneville, - 7th do. Major, Le Chev. Dubuysson, 7th do. Major, Le Chev. De Fayoles, Lieut. Colonel, 20lh do. Dubois Martin, 20th do. Major, De Holtzendor/, - - Lieut. Colonel, 26th do. Lieut. Colonel,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Phi/is de Roseval, -
-
De
-
Montis, - - . Loquet de Granges,
De
Vrigny,
Candon,
The list,
-
-
-
-
-
-
said ranks
have been
and pay
-
Major, Captain,Captain,Lieutenant, Lieutenant, Lieutenant, Capt. d'une Franche, Lieutenant, at the dates
settled mutually
do.
The
-
-
do.
-
-
do.
-
-
do.
us, the
-
-
do.
the
-
-
do.
De
-
do.
KALB.
United Slates of North-America. III.
,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
,
General > from
Colonel, Colonel, Lieut. Colonel, Lieut. Colonel,
Major, Major, Captain, Captain, Captain, Lieutenant, Lieutenant,
"
" "
7th Nov.
Dec. 1st Dec. 20th Nov. " 1st Dec. " 7th Nov. " 1st Dec. 1st
" 1st Dec. " 1st Dec. " 1st Dec. " 1st Dec. " llhNov.
" " " "
" " "
" " " " "
at
this 7th of December, 1776. SILAS DEANE, LE MARO.UIS DE LA FAYETTE,
Paris,
DE
KALB.
us, the
DE
VOL
J'
undersigned, Silas Deane, in quality of Deputy of American States General, on the one part, the Marquis La Fayette and the Baron De Kalb, on the other part.
the present
SILAS DEANE, the
-
Signed double,
double, at fan's, this 1st of December, 1776.
Agent for FIFTH SERIES.
-
Colombe,
do.
in
-
Troops destined
STATES GENERAL or
mentioned ranks and the pay which the most honourable Congress shall affix to them, to commence at the periods marked in the present list, have been agreed to by
Comp'y -
-
-
Capitaine,
-
undersigned; me, Silas Deane, in my quality of deputy of the most honourable Congress of the United Slates of North- America, and me, Jno. Baron De Kalb, Major-General in the service of the States General.
Done
Vrigny, Bedaulx,
-
-
-
Bois Martin, Gimat,
Candon,
marked
between
Fayols, Franval,
De La
the
Kalb, Major-General,
-
Valfort,
IslDec., 1776.
-
f
Le Baron De
to
Le Baron De
Amariton, De Roth, De Gerard,
,
:
3
Failly,
Epi-
]
Z/a "),,.,-,
Fayette
[Translation.]
Le Chev. De
of
Pan*, December 5th, 1776. SILAS DEANE, United Colonies of North- America.
A List of Officers of Infantry and Light Messrs.
Messrs.
fate
I
have the honour to be, with the most profound respect the honourable Congress, &c., )
of Officers.
by the
signed these presents, at
at large.
Names
if,
himself deprived of any
rendered one year, and continues to render the Colonies, no other officer can complain of these
greater panick only suggest the thought, and leave you to confer with Baron De Kalb on the subject
for
shall find
terms, either before Congress or the Board of War. It is in confidence of this that the parties have mutually
whether such a step would not be politick, as it would give a character and credit to your military, and strike, perhaps, a in
same pension
shall receive the
fatal
United
you could en-
gage a great General, of the highest character in Europe, such, for instance, as Prince Ferdinand, Marshal Broglio, or others of equal rank, to take the lead of your armies,
our enemies.
He
5th.
his uncle,
station.
whether
:
to retire to.
principal limb of his body. 6th. The said conditions being granted to Mr. des niers in consideration of the important services Mr.
etfocis;
to allow
same
enjoyed as Lieutenant-Colonel, and this pension shall be paid him in whatever corner or part of the world he pleases
war or
something Europe allowances are very much below
extra to foreigners; but my the rates here for officers in the
I
]
That Mr. Augustin Francois des Epiniers, nephew
1st.
to
fore the
in
1090
and Mr. SILAS DEANE, in hit Agreed between Mr. character of Deputy from the Congress of the Thirteen UNITED COLONIES.
His-skill in military matters tyrannick Majesty's service. are strangers to; but this we can say of him, that he was master of the art of tarring and feathering, as he tried his hand on a poor countryman in this town some time be-
camps
1776.
[Translation.
his
we
Lexington battle. Last Thursday arrived
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
[Translation.
]
which M. the Marquis De La Fayette shows of serving among the troops of the United States of NorthAmerica, and the interest which he takes in the justice of their cause, making him wish to distinguish himself in this war, and to render himself as useful as he possibly can, but
The
desire
not thinking that he can obtain leave of his family to pass the seas and serve in a foreign country till he can go as a
69
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1091
General Officer, I have thought I could not better serve my country, and those who have entrusted me, than by granting to him, in the name of the very honourable Congress, the rank of Major-General, which I beg the States to confirm to him; to ratify and deliver to him the commission to hold and take rank, to count from this day, with the General Officers His high birth, his alliances, the great of the same degree. his consideradignities which his family hold at this Court, ble estates in this realm, his personal merit, his reputation, and above all his zeal for the liberty of
all
Sic.,
DECEMBER,
demurrage, wages, or expenses on them, from the day of
to that of their departure, these two months excepled, shall be at their charge, and paid by them or by Messrs. Hortakz 8f Co. in our own name, as answerable for the Congress of the United Colonies. accept the above
their arrival
We
conditions as far as they respect us, and promise faithfully to
fulfill
them, and
in
consequence
ment of writing one 1776.
our Provinces, have only been able to engage me to promise him the rank of Major-General in the name of the United
Colonies
States.
of which
I
Williamsburg, Virginia, December 6th, 1776.
the conditions here explained, I offer myself, and
how Mr. Dcane shall judge promise to depart when and with all possible zeal, the States United to serve proper, without any pension or particular allowance, reserving to myself the liberty of returning to Europe when my family
my King Done
shall recall
me.
at Paris, this 7th
of December, 1776.
LE
MARO.UIS
DE LA
FAYETTE.
of affreightment of Armed Vessels and Merchandise, entered in and agreed to between Messrs. DE MONTHIEU and RODKIO.UE HORTALEZ fy Co. and Mr. SILAS DEANE.
rique
John Joseph de Monthieu and RodCo., are agreed with Mr. Silas Dcane,
the subscribers, fy
agent of the United Colonies, upon the subsequent arrange-
ments
Assembly
;
be got with you.
places sent to Brunswick. I
am,
sir,
in
The
prisoners of
this State,
war
are scattered
but will be collected and
your most obedient servant,
P. HENRY, Pt.
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE REPRESENTATIVES OF ACCOMACK Instructions
COUNTY, VIRGINIA. and commands from the Freeholders of ACCO-
MACK
:
That
lost
I
in different
Articles
Hortakz
no time
in laying your letter before our and late last night they did resolve, that the troops of Horse (six) shall be marched to join General I have issued the necessary orders this mornWashington. ing to the Major commandant to prepare for the march; but before it can be begun I fear a considerable time will elapse, owing to the troopers being in want of many necesI shall as soon as possible transmit to you an account saries. of such things as cannot be had here for them, that they
SIR:
may [Translation.]
We
of North-America.
GOVERNOUR HENRY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
gjLAS DEANE> the States United of North- America. Agent for
or
signed this instru-
have signed the present, 7th of
December, 1776.
On
we have
to the other, at Paris, 15th October,
MONTHIEU. RODRIQUE HORTALEZ &. Co. SILAS DEANE,.Agent for the United
his disinterestedness,
In witness
1092
1776.
De
Monlhieu, do engage to furnish on account of the Thirteen United Colonies of North-America, a certain number of vessels to carry arms and merchandise to the burthen of sixteen hundred tons, or as many vessels as are deemed sufficient to transport to some harbour of NorthAmerica belonging to the Thirteen United Colonies, all the ammunition and appurtenances, agreeable to the estimate signed and left in my possession, and which we estimate would require the above-mentioned quantity of vessels to carry sixteen hundred tons burthen, which are to be paid for at the rate of two hundred livres the ton ; and that I will hold said vessels at the disposal of said Messrs. Hortalez Sf Co. ready to sail at the ports of Havre, Nantes, and Marseilles, viz The vessels which are to carry the articles and passengers mentioned in the afore-mentioned list, and are to depart from Havre, as well as those that are to go from Nantes, to be ready. in the course of November next, and the others in the course of December following, on condition that one-half of the afore-mentioned 'freight of two hundred livres per ton, both for the voyage to America and back to France, laden equally on account of the Congress of the Thirteen United Colonies and Messrs. Hortalez 8f Co. aforesaid, who are responsible for them, shall be advanced and paid immediately in money, bills of exchange, or other good merchandise or effects, and the other half the said Messrs. Hortalez Sf Co. do agree to furnish me with in proportion as the vesI,
:
sels are fitting out, in
the
same money
or other effects as
above; over and above this they are to pay me for the passage of each officer, not belonging to the ship's crew, the sum of five hundred and fifty livres Tournois, and for every soldier or servant two hundred and fifty livres, and for every sailor who goes as passenger one hundred and fifty livres. It is expressly covenanted and agreed between us, that all risks of the sea either in said vessels being chased, run on shore, or taken, shall be on account of the Congress of the United Colonies, and shall be paid agreeably to the estimation which may be made of each of these vessels, agreeably to the bills of sale of each, which I promise to deliver to Messrs. Hortalez Sf Co. before the departure of any of the said vessels from any of the ports of France mentioned above. if the Americans detain these two months in their ports, without shipping on board them the returns they are to carry to France,
Finally
it is
agreed that
vessels longer than
to their Representatives in General Assembly. that an attempt will be made this session informed Being to influence the General Assembly to subvert altogether the of England, we think present establishment of the Church
a duty we owe to God, ourselves, and the community in general, to instruct you particularly what part to act in the decision of a question in its consequences so very important. at present feel ourselves happily and warmly united it
We
with every religious denomination of Christians in these States, in the defence of our civil liberties, against the arbitrary power of a British King and Parliament, sensible it is to this general Union, under God, we have hitherto withstood the united force of Britain and her mercenaries, in a manner to be wondered at even by ourselves; and we are
convinced by experience, that disputes and division in religious matters are in their consequences most dangerous to every State, and particularly to those in their infancy therefore at present command you, should such a proposition be made in the General Assembly, to vote against the :
same.
At
same time we
the
regulations which
countable
for
We
shall cheerfully agree to any to make the clergy ac-
may be adopted
their conduct,
and be removed upon misbe-
haviour.
PETITION OF INHABITANTS OF CHARLES CITY COUNTY TO VIRGINIA ASSEMBLY.
Mr. PURDIE: It was intended that the following Petition of the inhabitants of Charles City should have been presented to the House of Delegates through their Representatives; but as it did not get to their hands time enough to answer the intention of the petitioners, they beg you will it in your Gazette, that their sentiments upon relipublish gious toleration
may be
generally
known
to their country-
men.
To The
Petition
That your
the honourable
of
House of Delegates
:
of County of CHARLES CITY humbly showeth :
the Inhabitants
the
petitioners are greatly alarmed at the rapid which some of the dissenters from the Church by progress law established are daily making in various parts of this country, by seducing the ignorant and unwary to embrace their erroneous tenets, which your petitioners conceive to be not only opposite to the doctrines which true Christianity
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1093
inculcates, but subversive of tlie peace of families, tending to alienate the affection of slaves from their masters, and
detrimental to the happiness of the publick ; and while such daring attempts are made, by petitions to this honourable
House, to pull down all the barriers which the wisdom of our ancestors have erected to secure the Church from the inroads of the sectaries, your petitioners apprehend that it
would argue a culpable lukewarmness tamely
to sit
still
and
make known
not
their sentiments, so contrary to such innoAll these bad effects your petitioners have already
vations.
found, by the short experience which they have had in their to be the dismal consequences of the doctrines
own County,
taught by these
new
We
teachers.
have seen, with grief
and indignation, by their suggestions, irreparable breaches made between husbands and their wives we have seen ;
the night of our slaves to receive instructions of these teachers without our consent, which, we apprehend,
meetings
in
could produce nothing but deeds of darkness, and which have already produced their proper fruits of disobedience to masters, and glorifying in what they are taught to believe to be persecution for conscience sake. Your petitioners are not actuated by the narrow and blood-
and insolence
thirsty spirit of persecution. lated toleration established,
They
wish to see a well-regu-
by which
all
those
weak and
conscientious brethren, who from principle cannot join with the established Church, may be permitted to serve God in their own way without molestation ; but we wish also, that
those nightly meetings may be prohibited under severe penalties, and that those only who, after a due examination of their morals, shall be found worthy, may be authorized to
preach, and only in such publick meeting-houses as it may be found proper to license for that purpose. But your petitioners humbly apprehend that these purposes may be answered without destroying those gentle and wholesome restraints which the wisdom of ages, and the policy of our
laws and constitution, have appointed, to give the Church a proper preeminence over every other sect, and gently to incline, by the obligation of interest as well as reason, a reunion of all those who have been deluded and led to forsake that Church which your petitioners apprehended to contain the genuine doctrines of Christianity, and to promote the true happiness, both temporal and eternal, of mankind.
Your
petitioners
maintained
therefore pray, that the Church may be and that the sectaries may
in all its legal rights,
be indulged with such a regulated ourable House shall seem proper.
And
your petitioners
toleration as to this
hon-
shall ever pray, Sic.
Williamsburgh, Virginia, 6 December, 1776.
possible despatch, or join the regiment on its march, or it being ordered to reinforce General Wash-
at Philadelphia,
ington immediately. Given under my hand,
this 1st
day of December, 1776. THOMAS FLEMING.
Williamsburgh, Virginia, 6 December, 1776. masters and crew of the ship Caroline, taken by the schooner privateer Harlequin, and condemned as a lawful prize by the Court of Admiralty of this State, are
The
advertised, that they are to apply to William
hereby Lux, Esq., of
the town of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, for payment of the wages due to them from said ship, agreeable to a resolution of the Continental
By
Congress. order of the honourable Court of Admiralty BE.V.
:
1094
company has a right to some part, and it will be necessary to have some attorney employed to claim that part before the Board of Admiralty, when she is to be condemned. I hope you'll please to appoint some gentleman of the law for that purpose. I
have the honour
humble
The
to be,
honoured gentlemen, your very
servant,
GEQ CQOK
Honourable Meshech Weare, Esq., President of the Council
of the State of New-Hampshire.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1106
and from
a conversation of yours with Mr. Southerland, my agent at Cross Creek, and your letter to General Moore, \ judged it to be your wish that I should form magazines in Georgia, North- Carolina, and I immediately Virginia. prepared for doing so, in such manner as 1 thought best from so imperfect a knowledge of your desires, and found
occasion often to regret that you had not sent for me from Cross Creek to have met you on the road, or have wrote
me a line however, I have done what I believe will answer your design, and in such a way as must meet your approbation, since the Continent will be at no expense unless the provisions should be used for things are laid in on such terms as to produce more than prime cost and charges, either by shipping to the West-Indies or selling to the merchant exporters. I am just returned from the southern line of Georgia, and have formed magazines on the Altamahau, on the head of Ocgechey, at Augusta, and about forty miles above Savannah. In this State I've formed them so as to answer the service here, or transport to Virginia, at an easy rate, ;
WILLIAM DAWES TO JAMES BOWDOIN. Boston, December
6, 1776.
;
SIR: Agreeable to your request of yesterday, I would acquaint you that I have informed myself of the situation of the forts at Dorchester Heights, by going over myself this morning. I visited forts Number Three and Two, and found and was informed by them, that but one sentinel in each there was so few over there, it came to them in turn to be one day on guard and one day off, and that but one sentinel ;
at a time
was
at
each
Number Two and Three,
fort,
either
by
night or day ; that there was but about six or eight men to Was likewise informed take care of the whole three forts.
by one of the neighbours,
that the night before last, a person or persons appeared lurking round one of the forts, upon which the sentinel hailed them, and no answer being
given, the sentinel fired upon them, upon which they
From
made
would make only one observation of my own, which will be by way of contrast, viz: since the 25th of October we never had less than between fifty and sixty men for guarding those three forts constantly by night and by day. If the above intelligence will be of any publick utility, my end is fully answered. Arn, sir, with the profoundest respect and esteem, your off.
all
sir, I
which,
WM. ^ DAWES.
dutiful servant,
number of commissaries,
Honourable James Bowdoin, Esq.
Congress live, appointed so many competitors in the purchase that I am now paying double at least to what I did a few days ago; for there are now nine Commissaries in this State, of separate interests, with a number from Virginia; and the people here are combining to advance it to a most this
and unless there is a single purchaser which must chiefly be furnished your appointed from North-Carolina with pork and beef, the Continent will suffer one hundred per cent, in all the meat used by the
exorbitant
height;
will deserve your particular attenhear from you as soon as your arduous I am not situation will admit. courting the place of Commissary-General of your district, though it would be acceptable to me, but it is my duty to lay before you, sir, this
and that
tion,
Boston, December Gth, 1776.
SIR The enclosed papers were thought necessary to be communicated to the State of New-Hampshire. They are, therefore, sent to you for that purpose by order of Council; in whose behalf I am, most respectfully, sir, your most hum:
JAMES BOWDOIN.
Honourable President of the Council of New-Hampshire. N. B. The papers sent were General Lee's, dated November 30th, enclosed in Governour Cooke's, dated December 5th, and Adjutant Settler's, of December 2d, 1776. JONA. JACKSON TO MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY.
district,
This,
troops.
JAMES BOWDOIN TO MESHECH WEARE.
sir,
1
hope
1 shall
extraordinary and improper expense, as I wish the business done by me should be in a way the least burthensome to the There are variety of reasons which might be urged State. against the measure of so great a number of Commissaries; but one good reason is enough for Government the exor:
bitant increase in the price of provisions
by
thirty or forty
Would any private gentleman of purchasing competitors. the Congress, having occasion for twenty thousand barrels of beef and pork, to be bought up at one certain market, employ a single would he order
Boston, 6th December, 1776.
contractors, or purchasers, appoint-
ed by the imprudence of the Virginians, and the want of integrity of the North- Carolinians ; for they, in order to enhance the price of provisions, by raising of which most in
for
,,,
ble servant >
according to orders. Such provisions as I've laid in for Virginia and North- Carolina will, by a circumstance worth the attention of the Congress, be very dear, which is the vast
factor or agent to execute that trust; or thirty different agents
to
purchase up the
SIR: I find, upon trial, that a constant and close attendance (which is indispensably necessary) at the Board of War will be totally inconsistent with that little share of
provisions, maintain each of them as bidders on each other at vendue, and risk beside the want of their knowledge
and
integrity ?
In my apprehension, also, to hold a seat enjoy. there and in the Assembly is incompatible with the duties
will
endanger the State of North- Carolina, and the Con-
belonging to both at this critical time, when both need the attendance of all their members, and will be frequently
who can and every other matter, to your satisfaction. These Commissaries are now insisting to march to Charlettown with their different regiments; and I need not tell you, sir, what an effect such a competition will have at that market, already the highest on the globe; but can be lowered
health
I
required at the
You
same
time.
will therefore, sir,
be so kind as to signify
my
resig-
Houses of Assembly, begging the favour of Honours to appoint some person in my stead, assuring
nation to both their
them, that as
engaged in this service with a sincere desire community, so now finding myself unable to
I
to benefit the
do the service expected,
I
should think myself wanting in
them and require a dismission. With much respect for the worthy members of both honourable Houses, and my grateful acknowledgments to them for their favourable opinion in me duty not to signify
it
to
have now resigned,
to the trust I
dient servant,
I
having appointed sir, your very obe-
am,
,
To
Mr. Secretary Avery, Houses of Assembly.
T
JONA. JACKSON. to be communicated to both
31, 1776: Referred to
Mr. Harrison.]
The
magazines you ordered are accordingly formed,
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
the publick purse
gress, as far as in them lays, should prevent it. This will be delivered you by Captain Allen,
explain
this,
by the quantity of provisions in this State, provided the puris left to one upright, industrious, deserving man.
chase
Your
letter to
Mr. Harrison, Paymaster
in
Virginia,
was
a few days after date express by me, but no answer received. I am this day sending for the hundred
forwarded
in
thousand dollars mentioned therein, which I hope to receive. If I do not, Captain Allen will inform you, and you will order it from Philadelphia by immediate express, as I am in great want, having borrowed large sums from private time expected payment. It would people, who have some be also necessary for me to have a further credit on the
necessary, I will give security for that sum paid me at Charlestown; in which case, it may be sent to the commanding officer, with direction as to I have the fullest confidence that should Mr. the security.
thousand,
Mr. Hooper, Mr. Heyward, and
North-Carolina, Halifax, December 7, 1776.
SIR:
fingers in
Continental Treasury, and I am ready to enter into any be required ; and as to the hundred security, if any should
WILLIAM KENNON TO GENERAL LEE. [Read December
Too many
70
if it is
also before
it is
Harrison decline sending
this
hundred thousand
dollars
you
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1107
order it, so that I shall receive at least that sum in two In the mean time, I shall horrow months from this date. on the credit of this expectation. I have also purchased a of which the nakedquantity rum and osnabrigs, the latter 1 have devoted my ness of the soldiers induced me to do. whole time to the service of you and your district, and shall will
on
all
occasions prove to you
my
desire of heing serviceable
to the Continent; but I wish not to be interrupted by injurious competitions, which can answer no other purpose but
increase the price of provision to an intolerable height, and introduce confusion in the camp by a variety of agents.
some time ago wrote by post from Wilmington, and one from Mr. Bryan and the lately sent you two letters, other from Hispaniola, which I hope you have received. I
have the honour to be, your most obedient servant, I
with
sir,
all
WILL. KENNON.
War Office, I
am
directed
duty and respect,
by the Board of
War
December
7, 1776.
to order all officers
on the recruiting service in this State immediately to march the men they have inlisted to Philadelphia, leaving none at the several places where they now are, but such as shall be Returns of the numabsolutely necessary for the service. ber already recruited are desired to be forthwith transmitted All officers in the service of the United to the Board. States arriving
in
Philadelphia, are desired to attend at the
War Office and make the proper By order of the Board of War
returns. :
RICHARD PETERS,
Secretary.
&tc.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1108
pieces of intelligence obtained of different people yesterday. His Lordship thinks the enemy are making a disposition to
advance
for
;
my
their disposition
am
at a loss to determine part, I to advance or for defence.
whether
The enemy
is
have got a party advanced about seven miles this side Brunswick; another at Bounbrook, with an advance of 'Tis reported guard two miles this side of the town. by some of the country people that the enemy intend to advance in two columns, one this, the other Bounbrook road. General Mercer advanced upon this road, and I should think
German
the
battalion
might
be
advantageously
posted on the other road.
Major Clarke reports General Lee is at the heels of the enemy. 1 should think he had better keep upon the flanks than the rear of the enemy, unless it were possible to concert an attack at the same instant of time in front and rear. Our retreat should not be neglected, for fear of conse-
The
quences.
and see
if
bottom of the river should be examined,
the boats can be anchored
in
the ferry-way.
If
no anchor ground, the bridge must be thrown over below. Colonel Biddle had better make a trial immeIf a bridge candiately, that we may not be in confusion. not be thrown over, forty boats should be manned, under the care of a good officer, and held in readiness with these there
is
;
boats, prudently managed, the troops could be thrown over in a very short time. Methinks all the cannon that don't
come forward with
the Army might be well posted on the other side the river to cover a retreat. I think General Lee must be confined within the lines of
some general
plan, or else his operations will be independent His own troops, General St. Clair's, and the Militia, must form a respectable body. If General Dickenson would engage the Militia for some given time, there might be some dependence upon them ; but no operation can be safely planned wherein they are to act a part, unless they can be bound by some further tie than the common obligation of a militiaman. I think if the General was at length to engage his Militia on some such
of yours.
TO THE ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA.
Would
it
not conduce to the immediate safety of the
State of Pennsylvania, if a Dictator were appointed for three or six months, with full powers to exert the strength
of the State
enemies
in
any way he should think proper against our
?
Has not the want of a suitable person, entrusted with such powers in time of war, ended in the ruin of several of the most flourishing Republicks of antiquity ? Are not the present ravages of the enemy in the States of
New-York and New- Jersey owing to the want of suitable to compel every persons entrusted with absolute power individual of those States to concur in repelling the common enemy ? Does not the languor with which all the Legislatures in America move in the present alarming exigency of our demonstrate that placing so little power in the hands of the executive branch of Government, is a most essential and fundamental fault in all our new Constitutions ? A CITIZEN. affairs fully
Philadelphia,
December
7, 1776.
We
set out
this
for
morning
Princeton.
In our
way we met a messenger with the enclosed. The General ordered me back upon some necessary business. He has gone forward to Princeton, where there are about three thousand men, with which I fear he will not be able to make any stand. The Jersey Militia are so few that no dependence can be placed on them. The Militia of Pennsylvania, except from the city, have not appeared, and they are very confused, the time not having admitted of any In short, sir, from all circumstances, I am inclined to think no opposition will be given till we cross
arrangement.
Our whole force, if collected, will not exceed six thousand, and they are diminishing every mo-
the Delaware.
ment by
desertion.
You will please to can get no other paper than this. excuse it, as well as the hurry of my letter. I am, with much respect and regard, your most obedient, I
humble
servant,
Jos.
To
the Honourable
KEED.
John Hancock.
This moment a Captain has returned that went to reconand it is beyond a doubt the enemy are and advancing, my Lord Stirling thinks they will be up here by twelve o'clock. I shall make the best disposition I can to oppose them. I am, dear sir, your most obedient servant,
N. GREENE.
To
Excellency General Washington.
his
GENERAL LEE TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Pompton, 7th December,
SIR: As there
Princeton, December 7th, 1776.
DEAR that this
SIR: Lord Stirling
by the same express your Excellency several
will write
comes by, and enclose
to
1776.
now no doubt
of the enemy's directing a considerable force towards your island, my duty to the publick, and my regard for the welfare of your Colis
in particular, urge me to every expedient which may be serviceable to you and I must entreat you not to impute the freedom with which I shall offer my thoughts upon this
ony
;
occasion to a petulance of disposition, but to the most pure and disinterested zeal. I have, sir, from what I have observed of the New-England troops, the highest confidence in the
men and common run of your officers, who are of the younger part. They have
valour of your
particularly those
and fire, and in general more knowledge than those advanced in years, who are not only destitute of knowledge, but incapable, from a certain rustiness of mind and temper,
activity
of acquiring any.
In fact, the only advantage of years in any profession is, that it enables us to add to our stock of But if we do not avail ourselves of the days knowledge. which nature has made a present of to us for this purpose, the more years have passed over our heads, the more dis-
we for the profession of a soldier of any rank. unfortunately happens in New-England, that to the most disqualified the highest trusts are committed. To qualified are
Now
it
speak directly, the appointments of Generals inces threaten destruction
GENERAL GREENE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
your measures accord-
noitre last night,
DEAR
COLONEL JOSEPH REED TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. SIR:
plan, your Excellency might take ingly.
;
but
in fact
it is
in
your Prov-
impossible that
you should have men equal to this arduous task. Theory joined to practice, or a heaven-born genius, can alone constitute a General. As to the latter, God Almighty indulges the modern world very rarely with the spectacle ; and I do not know, from what 1 have seen, that he has been more
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1109
than to other profuse of this ethereal spirit to the Americans But to come to the point: Rhode-Island will nations. probably be attacked your men and younger officers are
am
man with you capano man who has sufficient knowledge as an Engineer. I have therefore resolved to send a gentleman, with whose great talents, activity, and good, but
I
persuaded you have no
army
;
His name is Malmadie, a Frenchman. I entreat, if you cannot give him the entire command, to be directed by his counsels. You must excuse his heat of temper at times, as it is derived from a Procure for noble source of enthusiasm for your cause. zeal
am
I
well
him an able will,
with
bless you,
all sir.
acquainted.
and treat him, as I am sure you and attention he deserves. God Believe me to be, most devotedly, yours,
interpreter; the respect
CHARLES LEE. Governour Cooke. P. S. I believe I shall send you Colonel Varnum, but I hope you will continue to give Mr. Malmedie high Colonial rank, which will lead him to Continental.
1776.
1110
New-Windsor, 8ih December, 1776. of the State of New-York have
The Convention
SIR:
not received any intelligence from the General Congress or his Excellency General and are much alarmed Washington, at the progress of the enemy, and the languor that prevails the Militia of the State of
in
attribute in
the
some measure
New- Jersey ; which
to the presence of the
they
enemy and
prospect they have of receiving any assistance State. This Convention wish to use every
little
within
their
means which
in their
power, (consistent with the safety of this State, great measure involves that of the Continent,) to induce the people of New-Jersey to make the proper exerin a
own preservation. To this they conceive can contribute more than forming an army in Newnothing Jersey out of the troops under your command, or those that are with Major-General Lee, and such Militia as can be collected in this or the neighbouring States; which we are very well satisfied would soon be formidable to the enemy, tions for their
cut off their supplies, and overawe the disaffected, while General Washington, being reinforced by the Southern troops
and
COLONEL MALCOM TO GENERAL HEATH.
DECEMBER,
COMMITTEE AT NEW-WINDSOR TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON.
;
ble of conducting an
&c.,
Militia,
would be
a state to
in
meet them
in
front.
letter
What measures we have taken you will collect from the resolutions which we do ourselves the honour to transmit. In addition to this, we have written to Governour Trumbull,
of the 4th instant yesterday, and am exceeding happy that the conduct of the regiment under my command hath
suggesting the propriety of sending at least six thousand of the Militia of that State into New-Jersey, and requesting
merited the approbation which your Honour very politely
them
Niack, December 7th, 1776.
SIR
:
I
had the honour
to receive
your most obliging
A scouting party, which went down to hover on the verge of the enemy's quarters about English Neighbourhood, brought in a stout negro fellow, the property of a Tory, (one Peck?) who is now with the enemy ; and the negro has been employed as a spy to bring them accounts of our I beg to know how I must dispose of him. motions. inform me if the Treasury is I request your Honour will moved. I expect my abstracts from Head-Quarters to-day, and would be glad to get the cash here. I have the honour to be, with due respect, sir, your most obedient and very humble servant,
W. MALCOM. To
to write for further aid to the rest
it is
for raising the Militia
thinking that General
of New-Jersey, we cannot but help soon find cause to repent
Howe may
his temerity.
As we know not where to find Major-General Lee, we must beg the favour of you to transmit a copy of your letter by some careful person, and the enclosed resolutions, to him. If, sir, either you or General Lee will be pleased to suggest any necessary measures in addition to those we have taken, we shall think ourselves happy in cooperating therein.
We
are,
humble
Major-General Heath, at Peekskill. I have forty men just going out again.
sir,
with the utmost respect, your most obedient,
servants.
ROBERT PHOVOOST,
JUN.,
TO THE NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
WILLIAM PECK TO GENERAL HEATH.
Fiehkills, 7th
North-Castle, 7th December, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL: By
express of General Spencer, just received your favour of the 6th instant. By his order would I inform you, that General Wooster, upon the first discovery of the movement of the fleet, sent forward an ex-
with a desire it .might be forwarded to press to Connecticut, occasioned which are upon my not sending. Newport,
We
our march towards Crum Pond; shall this night be at North-Castle Church. Should you have any news from the Jerseys, pray forward it to the General as fast as posThe stores are to be deposited at Crum Pond, sible.
where General WadswortKs brigade
will
guard them
until
further orders.
No particular news at this post but what your Honour has been made acquainted. In behalf of General Spencer, I am your Honour's most obedient humble servant, WILLIAM PECK, Aid- de- Camp. Major-General Heath.
GENTLEMEN
December
7th, 1776.
SIR You are to proceed to Fishkill with the company under your command, and as soon as your company is under cover, you will constantly keep them employed in such business as you may have already in charge from the Colonel of Artillery, or that may be most necessary or
:
As
there
is
a
to form
four
each regiment, and
my
December, 1776.
new arrangement
new regiments for the Province of New-York, which is to have made
lately been defence of the a Paymaster to
being neglected in the return made to me, has been the occasion of
by the Colonel unknown
not applying, gentlemen, before. I pray, gentlemen, be to one of the new regiments. again appointed may I have been in the service since last April, and was then
my
that I
Quartermaster, and in July was appointed by his Excellency General Washington, Esq., Paymaster to the Third Regiment, commanded by Colonel Ritzema, and expected to have continued, until I was informed two days ago that I should apply to this Convention for the office. I have lost my all in Newark by the enemy ; I have a large family to support; likewise an aged father and mother, who relies upon me for subsistence. I beg, gentlemen, that you will be pleased to consider my situation, and grant me an appointment. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, ROBT. PROVOOST, JUN.
To
DIRECTIONS TO CAPTAIN EAYERS. Peekskill,
of the Eastern States.
consistent with your orders, to hang in the rear of the enemy. From these steps, and the means that may be used
If
expresses.
the honourable gentlemen of the Committee of Safety,
at Fishkills.
:
beneficial to that department. in
the barracks, and Mr.
pany most proper for your business. I am, sir, yours, &c.,
You Duer
VV.
To
Captain Josh. Eayers.
will quarter will direct
your com-
you
to those
.
HEATH, Major-General.
ABRAHAM
P.
LOTT TO ROBERT BENSON. Rhinebeck, December 7th, 1776.
SIR
:
I
send by the bearer hereof three pair of cotton
two pair thread ribbed, Mr. Gouverneur Morris have the refusal of them. If you or Mr. McKesson wants a pair of shoes and stockings, you can have them from my You have the price at first cost underneath. 1 house. have been this four days about the woods looking for the stockings, three pair plain thread, You will let and four pair shoes.
mi
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
They have been
salt.
where the
Robert Benson, Esq.,
Three Three
Two Four
frightened they don't
remain your friend to serve,
Sir, I
To
much
so
pair thread, plain,
pair ribbed,
-
-
pair shoes, English,
A
'
P
T
Marble Town.
at
pair cotton stockings,
3
1
s.
-
26s.
-
28s.
3d.,
New- York,
4
COOKE.
Pret't.
MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY TO GENERAL LEE.
Hon. James Bowdoin.
Boston, December 8, 1776.
SIR
GOVERNOUR COOKE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 36th.] Providence, December 8th, 1776. Past ten o'clock, p. m.
SIR:
) \
with great concern that 1 give you the disagreeable intelligence that the enemy, with a fleet consisting of seventy-eight ships-of-war and transports, entered the harbour of Newport yesterday. had about six hunIt
is
We
men upon Rhode-Island, who were
dred obliged to evacuate the loss of about fifteen or it with twenty heavy cannon, having taken off the ammunition and stores and the greatest The enemy having full of the part of the stock. possession
island,
am
I
informed
by General
West and Lieutenant
Baron, of the Providence,
that they landed this morning, about eight o'clock, with eight thousand men, who marched in three divisions, one towards Newport, the second towards
Howland's Ferry, and the third to Bristol Ferry, where they arrived time enough to fire upon the boats that brought over our last men, but without doing any damage. have sent repeated expresses to the Massachusetts-Bay and Connecticut. The forces of the former are upon their march, as I believe the latter one also. In great haste, I am your Honour's most obedient, humI
ble servant,
To
the Honourable
P. S.
We
transports
Miens COOKE. John Hancock. Esq.
have also intelligence of sixty coming down the Sound.
ourselves for affording to the Army every species of clothing in our power. had issued orders for raising a part of
We
men at home when your first was received, and we have pursued every means we could devise for expediting their march, and hope they will our able-bodied effective
all
letter
seasonably arrive
all
more of
in
number
camp,
and that
their
We
now contemplating
are
to support our common cause, of six thousand men.
will not fall short
the most effectual measures for
raising with vigour our quota of the Continental are determined to call into action every power
Army, and and
strain
We earnestly reevery nerve in support of our liberties. which will give us quest your frequent correspondence, The alarming accounts we have for four great pleasure. or five days successively received, of a
large naval force near New-Port, though it may embarrass our proceedings, yet will not divert us from our purposes. Our ardent wish is, that you may be succeeded in your exertions in the common
cause, in which
To sail
The
General Court have received your favours of 21st, 22d, 27th, and 30th November last, and gratefully acknowledge your care in favouring us with all necessary With pain we read the disasters that have beintelligence. fallen us, but yet are not dispirited. Immediately on receipt of your first letter, we forwarded to the camp supplies, in addition to what we had sent before, of shoes, stockings, and blankets. Are now exerting, and shall continue to exert, :
we
shall not
fail
to
cooperate with you.
General Lee.
P. S. bargo on
The all
General Court have just
shipping.
laid a
general
em-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1133
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. December
8, 1776.
SIR: Immediately upon the letter of the receipt of your 5th instant, communicating the important intelligence of the enemy's movements towards New-London or New-Port, and your apprehension of their designs against one or both those places, requesting the assistance of this State, the General Court took the necessary measures for succouring their sister States, by a reinforcement from our Militia, which was ordered to march for the State of Rhode-Island, &,c., or Connecticut, or both, as
the exigency of affairs should require.
But being since informed by Governour Cooke that the enemy had cannonaded New-London, made a feint of land-
if I
my
necessary to throw any part of our Militia into your State. You may rely upon it the General Assembly of this State have a grateful remembrance of the virtuous and patriotick exertions of Connecticut in favour of Massachusetts in the days of our more immediate tribulation, and will in their turn vigorously exert themselves for the relief and assistance of any of the neighbouring States, more especially for We thank you for your intelligence, and beg the yours. favour of being informed of any future essential motions of
the enemy. In the name of the Council, with great respect, &.C.,
To
have erred herein, future conduct.
have the honour
to be,
this post, not only to the Province of Maine, but to the preservation of all the United Colonies. I am, with profound respect, your Honours' very humble .
servant,
To
t JONATHAN MITCHELL.
House of RepresentaColony of Massachusetts-Bay.
the honourable the Council and
tives of the
CAPTAIN AYRT:S TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD or WAR. Lynch, Cape-Ann, December
SIRS
:
As
I
found
Boston, and harbour, concluded in
I
should be furnished there, and yester-
forty minutes after twelve, discovered a ship and schooner at anchor there, stood in to be fully satisfied till past at
day
one o'clock, then I saw the ship loose her topsails and sheet them home; I hove about and stood to the northward, and anchored here about nine o'clock last night. Shall get a I believe it's the pilot and pursue my voyage instantly. Milford or Liverpool, with Burk's schooner.
am, gentlemen, your obedient servant,
I
To
the Honourable
Board of War. Spithead, England,
request your State to pass a similar resolution.
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. December
8, 1776.
Since our last of this day, sent by your express who arrived here yesterday, the General Court have further ordered the Honourable Joseph Gushing, Esq., of Hanover, Brigadier of the County of Plymouth, and George Godfrey, Esq., of Taunton, Brigadier of the County of Bristol, immediately to march the whole Militia of their respective Counties to Bristol or Providence; and have also ordered :
Colonel Wood's and Colonel Holman's regiments from Worcester County, and Colonel Wheelock's regiment from this County, and also a company of train, consisting of fifty included, to march forthwith to Providence. are to take orders from or the
men,
you commanding and directed to march, equipped with The train arms, necessary accoutrements, and ammunition. take only three days' provision, and are to apply to you for officer
from
this State,
We
thank you for the intelligence you have communicated, and beg the favour of being informed of all the important movements of the enemy.
name of the Council, I have the honour to be, with esteem, your Honour's most obedient, humble servant, JAMES BOWDOIN, President.
In the
much
Governour Cooke.
Point, to go into winter quarters at St. John's, Montreal, Chamble, and Quebeck. They also bring accounts of the Rebels at Ticonderoga having put a twenty-gun ship on the stocks, and are making great preparations for another engagement on Lake Champlain next spring. The Isis left Quebeck the 8th of November, when' General Carleton was Sailed from Quebeck at the same expected there hourly. time the Blonde frigate, Captain Pownall. who is ordered on a cruise on the banks of Newfoundland for a few weeks. Left at Quebeck the Triton frigate, the Garland, and the
Viper sloop-of-war, which are to winter there, as are also about twenty transports. On the 7th instant, spoke with the Thames ship-of-war, with fourteen sail of transports under
convoy
off the
[December IT
;
demanded
the presence of
all
well.
Mr. Stephen Stewart, who I saw some time ago in Baltimore, to acquaint you that it was time to send up masters for the gondolas. Anchors and
we ought
I desired
have immediately; we cannot launch of them is in my way, where I want to raise a ship. It is best to have masters before they are launched, as they sometimes want some alterations. Captain Matthews, of Harford, mentioned to me he had some reason to expect one of them. I imagine he will be cables
to
One
ready as soon as you please. Your answer will oblige, gentlemen, your most humble
ARCH. BUCHANAN.
honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
STEPHEN STEWARD TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
8th, 1776.]
proceeded for their several stations eight days I should have sent out since. guards before, but apprehended the necessity of the works carrying on here, which are
all
Baltimore-Town, December 9th, 1776. :
December
:
who
considerably forward,
Land's End,
servant '
PLEASE YOUR HONOURS In obedience to the establishment I have ordered a Sergeant's guard, consisting of a Sergeant and nine men, to Saco river; a Sergeant and ten men to Kennebeck river and the like number to Harps-
now
New-York,
GENTLEMEN
COLONEL MITCHELL TO MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY.
well;
for
ARCHIBALD BUCHANAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
The
MAY
the 9ih, 1776.
understand you have some ship-bread
GENTLEMEN: I The yard is now
town. to
you
to order five or six barrels
in
much obliged down by Captain Hamond,
without.
I shall
be
and the tallow I mentioned to you some time ago. I am your most obedient servant,
STEPHEN STEWARD.
the
troops stationed at this place. Larger numbers, I thought, could not be spared consistent with the publick service ; but
9, 1776.
Mr. Alexander Davison, and Mr. Thomas Ainslie, and bring accounts of our Army having returned from Crown-
them without.
further necessaries.
December
day from Quebcck his Majesty's ship the Isis, Commodore Douglas, with General Burgoyne, his Aids-deCamp, Sir Francis Clerke, and Captain Gardner, as also this
officers
The whole
8, 1776.
impossible to get a pilot for the shoals having your orders to look into Cape-Cod it
T
Boston, December 8, one o'clock, p. m., 1776.
SIR
determine
JAMES BOWDOIN.
SIR: This just serves as a cover to letters from Governour Cooke, of Rhode-Island, and General Lee, and a resolution of this State laying an embargo on all outward-bound vesto
will
JOHN AYRES. I
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
and
1134
your Honours' orders
Governour Trumbull.
sels,
1776.
importance of
Arrived
To
DECEMBER,
I take the liberty to represent to your Honours, that cannon are much wanting, without which our fortifications must be rendered useless, except to the enemy. I need urge no further to your Honours the necessity of having a supply of cannon, and you are not unacquainted with the
ing there, quitted it, and were actually entering the harbour of New-Port, and proceeding with their whole force up the river, we have issued new orders, and directed our Militia to
proceed to Bristol and Providence, agreeable to the most earnest request of Governour Cooke, thinking the movements of the enemy since your favour have rendered it un-
&c.,
For the honourable Council of Safety. N. B. When am I to get guns for the galley ?
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1135
JOHN CAREY TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Schooner Resolution, December 9th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
:
I
have the honour
to inform
you that
I
am
arrived safe at the Capes, and with a promising fair wind also the pleasure to inform you that the vessel goes exceed-
;
coming down the bay I have had an opportunity of trying her on a wind and before the wind quartering, it, and in all manners, but going with have run the Ninety-Two hull down in less than five hours, and have several times shortened sail for the pilot boat, and of which the pilot can assure your Honours of the truth of ingly better than
was imagined;
as
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1136
charge some debts incurred for the purchase of necessaries. I beg, therefore, you will be pleased to apply for a draft for thousand dollars, that I may have some money in the fifty chest in case a removal of the Treasury should be thought necessary shortly. I am, with infinite respect, your most obedient, humble
smant
To
JAMES MEASE.
>
the Honourable
John Hancock.
THE MEMORIAL OF ELISHA PAINTER.
the above.
Your Honours may depend on my doing my utmost endeavours in making the best of my way to Martinique, and
[Read 10 January, 1777: Referred
the orders that you have been
in
every respect fully fulfilling with. pleased to honour me 1 am, and shall ever remain, your Honours' most obedient,
humble
The
servant,
JOHN
honourable Council of Safety
for the
Province of
Ma-
ryland.
P. S. The pilot is an able, serviceable man, and has conducted the vessel in every respect to my entire satisfaction.
to the
Board of War.]
UNITED of STATES OF AMERICA, in General Congress assembled: The Memorial of the subscriber humbly showeth :
To
the honourable the Delegates
the Thirteen
That your Honours' memorialist being honoured with a commission from your Honours on the fifth day of July last, to serve as a Major in a regiment ordered by your Honours to be raised for the Continental service, whereof Seth Warner, Esq., was appointed Colonel; and your Honours' memorialist being endowed with grateful sentiments, hath ever been disposed to pay that grateful acknowledgment due for the notice your Honours have taken of the and arduous services of your Honours' memorialist in the defence of the rights and liberties of America, the promotion of which darling cause hath been the study and pursuit of your Honours' memorialist from the beginning of the unnatural war between Britain and the American States unto this time, and still continues disposed to the same yet your Honours' memorialist feels himself much mortified to find (after all his unceasing endeavours to serve the publick cause, and the fatigues and hardships he hath endured therein) that two of the Captains appointed to serve in
which
is
faithful
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. "
In Congress,
December
9, 1776.
" Whereas General Washington hath repeatedly applied, and yesterday has renewed his application, for an immediate reinforcement for the defence of (his city and State: "
Resolved, That the Council of Safety be requested this day to send expresses, that may be relied on, to the several Counties in Pennsylvania, earnestly requesting that they march what troops they can collect, armed and provided in the best manner possible, to the Army under command of General Washington.
" Extract from the Minutes "
:
CHARLES THOMSON,
Secretary."
In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 9, 1776.
FELLOW-COUNTRYMEN By all that is dear and valuable, we entreat you to march, without delay, to join General Washington's Army, now in Bucks County, agreeable to :
the above resolve of Congress. Every thing that is interDo not hesiesting to human nature depends upon it. tate, or
repentance
may succeed
have exerted themselves
like
to inactivity. Our citizens Let their examples
men.
upon you to act vigorously, and we may yet be Do not wait to collect large bodies, free, and be happy. hut send off such as are ready by detachments. prevail
By
order of Council
:
Jun., President.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, 9th, 1776 half-past 8 o'clock, p.
December
)
m.
J
We
have undoubted intelligence that a body of the enemy's Light-Horse was at a place called the Cross-Roads, about nine mile above Burlington, and a report prevails that an advance From circumparty are at Burlington. SIR:
may be too true; we therefore wish to call your Excellency's attention to a ferry about four miles below Burlington, called Dunk's Ferry, where the river is narrow, and may afford the enemy a better chance to pass and cut off the communication between this city and your Army than any other on the river. We intend to order one (and the only one that is now to that here) of the galleys stances
up
if
We
they should attempt
it.
submit to your Excellency the propriety of ordering the galleys down towards that pass. If you should approve
regiment hath manifested much uneasiness by reason your Honours' memorialist hath
dissatisfaction
a commission, which they think should have been given to one of them in preference to your Honours' memorialist, which groundless uneasiness and dissatisfaction has occa-
sioned the representation which was made to your Honours by Colonel Warner on the 10th day of September last,
whereupon your Honours, on a report from the Board of War on the 12lh day of the same month, resolved that your Honours' memorialist be directed to repair to the city of In Philadelphia, that the matter might be inquired into. obedience to which direction, your Honours' memorialist is
now come
to the aforesaid city, waiting your Honours' orders to be inquired of concerning the matter aforesaid, which matter of uneasiness and dissatisfaction represented
by Colonel Warner is not through any fault or blame of your Honours' memorialist neither is any crime or fault charged on him in said representation; and as your Honours' memorialist hath done nothing to occasion any uneasiness with the dissatisfied Captains above-mentioned, or any other person concerned in the matter, and as he is not accused of doing any thing to occasion the said dissatisfaction, he rests on your Honours' impartial inquiry into the matter; and the Honours' just settlement of the same is not doubted by your
most obedient and devoted humble servant,
ELISHA PAINTER. December
will please to give orders accordingly.
order of Council
I,
9th, 1776.
Giles Gaylord,
who
served
in the
Continental
Army
in
through the winter, and last spring, do I was a Lieutenant of Captain Elisha Painter's that certify, company, in General Wooster's regiment, from December last to the expiration of the time said regiment engaged for.
Canada
last
Call,
at the siege of St. John's last fall, when the said CapPainter belonged to Colonel James Eastons regiment, who was in the said siege also but Captain Painter being sent on command to Sorell, with his Colonel, we did not
I
was
tain
;
pay of the
meet again until the beginning of December, at Montreal, at which place I engaged 10 serve with him as Lieutenant, in General Wooster's regiment. We soon filled our company, but no comand served out the time of our en^a^ement. o o missions was sent to us, nor to the other officers in the regiment and I understood that to be the case with the officers of Colonel Easton's regiment, to which Captain Painter
troops and your Militia, are so considerable, that want a further supply to answer them, as well as to dis-
belonged previous to his engagement for the winter camIndeed, I understood the officers in general who paign.
By
:
THOS. WHAHTON.
Jun., President.
JAMES MEASE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. December
SIR:
The demands on me
Maryland I
and
it
place to intercept their passage
you
the aforesaid
;
THOMAS WHARTON,
it
;
for
money
for
9th, 1776.
*
t
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1137
Canada received no commissions there; and about the time Captain Painter received orders to raise his commany men in that Army, who thought themselves not served in
pany,
well used by their officers, determined to go home when their times were out; on which the General, knowing our
conquest
in
Canada could
orders that those
not be secure without men, gave for the winter
men who would engage
campaign might inlist into what corps, regiment, or company they should choose; on which, many of the men who would not reengage with their old officers, being acquainted with Captain Painter's character as an officer, repaired to him to inlist, to that degree that his company soon filled up, by which means Captain Painter suffered the reproach, resentments, and ill-will of a number of those officers whose men left them and inlisted with him, some of which officers have not been wanting to try to hurt and injure Captain Painter in his character, while other men acquainted with the matHowever, to do ter, thought their resentment ill-grounded. to Captain Painter, and to whom it may concern, I justice will describe something of a character which I think him
He
an officer
who
good examples to his men, and discountenances and reproves their bad conduct. He never uses bad language himself, or approves of it in those under his command. Hard drinking, gaming, and night routs I never knew or heard of his being guilty of; but service of applied himself with attention to his duty in the He is a friend to good order, regulation, and his country. entitled to.
is
sets
treats his men with that tendiscipline; at the same time derness and care that becomes an officer to do. He appears to be on prinipcle an established friend to the cause of lib-
I found him, from a principle of honour. erty, during my whole acquaintance- with him, to be just and He never detained his men's wages in his own honest. hands, but frequently paid them faster than he received money for them. He is of a steady, regular behaviour, gov-
and
to act
erned rather by judgment and reason than by passion and humour. He is an officer of true and steady courage. I never heard cowardice imputed to him, even by those who have tried to injure him. He served faithfully in Canada during the time of his service there, which was till about the last of May, at which time he came away with credit, and in as good standing as the other officers of the said Army,
and about the beginning of last June I left him at Albany, on his way down, and have not since seen him till lately.
GILES GAYLORD.
Attest:
fee.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1138
vent them from stealing a march upon us from above ; for I am informed if they cross at Coriel's Ferry, or thereabout,
they are as near to Philadelphia as we are here. From several accounts I am led to think that the enemy If so, it will be impossible are bringing boats with them. for our small force to give them any considerable opposition in the passage of the river ; indeed, they make a feint at one place, and by a sudden removal carry their boats higher or lower, before we can bring our cannon to play upon them. Under these circumstances, the security of Philadelphia
From my own remembrance, should be our next object. but more from information, (for I never viewed the ground,) I should think that a communication of lines and redoubts might soon be formed from the Dclaivare to the Schuylkill, on the north entrance of the city the lines to begin on the Schuylkill side, about the heights of Springalsbury, and run eastward to Delaware, upon the most advantageous and ;
commanding grounds. If something of this kind is the enemy might, in case any misfortune should
not done, befall us,
We
have ever found march directly in and take possession. that lines, however slight, are very formidable to them. They would at least give a check till people could recover of the fright and consternation that naturally attends the first In the mean time, every step appearance of an enemy. should be taken to collect force, not only from Pennsylvania, but from the most neighbourly States. If we keep the enemy from entering Philadelphia, and keep the communi-
by water open
cation if
for supplies,
come
the country will
we may
to our assistance
yet make a stand, our new levies
till
can be collected. If the measure of
fortifying the city should be adopted, person should immediately view the grounds, and begin to trace out the lines and works. I am informed there is a French Engineer of eminence in Philadelphia at If so, he will be the most proper. this time.
some
skillful
I have the honour to be,
your most obedient servant,
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON. have just received the enclosed from General General Mifflin is this moment come up, and tells
P. S. Heath.
I
me that all the military stores yet remain in Philadelphia. This makes the immediate fortifying of the city so necessary, that I have desired General Mijjlin to return to take charge of the stores, and have ordered Major-General Putnam immediately down to superintend the works, and give the G. W.
necessary directions.
October the 5th, 1776.
Camp
To whom it may concern : We, the subscribers hereto, being acquainted
with the above
subscriber to the foregoing certificate, do esteem him to be a person of truth and veracity, and believe he is esteemed to
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HEATH.
on Harlem Heights, October 6th, 1776.
in general, whose testimony may be depended upon. SIMON ADAMS, Lieutenant. Attest :
be so
STEPHEN DEWEV, Captain. STEPHEN GOODWIN, Captain.
Chatham, December y
DEAR GENERAL
honour, solemnly affirm, declare, and testify, that the above and within certificate by him subscribed (to the best of his knowledge) is the truth, and nothing else.
JOHN FELLOWS, Brigadier-General.
Attest:
in
SIR I did myself the honour of writing to you yesterday, and informing you that I had removed the troops to this side :
of the Delaware soon after the enemy made their appearance, and their van entered just as our rear-guard quitted. had removed all our stores, except a few boards. From the best information, they are in two bodies, one at and near
We
Trenton, the other some miles higher up, and inclining towards Delaware; but whether with intent to cross there, or throw themselves between General Lee and me, is yet uncertain. I have this morning detached Lord Stirling, with his brigade, to take post at the different landing-places, and pre-
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
very
much
obliged
9th, 1776.
to
tidings,
hopes here to reconquer
the Jerseys,
my
It
To
was
(if
really in the
I may so express myself) hands of the enemy before
arrival.
Adieu, dear
CHARLES LEE.
sir,
Major-General Heath,
Peekslcill.
TIMOTHY PARKER AND OTHERS (PRISONERS) TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read the 10th.] Head-duarters, Trenton Falls, 9th December, 1776.
am
from the General, ordering your division over the river, which, I confess for my own part, I am heartily sorry for, as I think we shall be strong enough without you, and NewEngland, with your district, will be too bare of troops. I
am Camp on Harlem Heights, October 8th, 1776. The above-named Giles Gaylord, doth now before me, on
I
you for and have only to beg that you will direct the regiments you speak of to march without loss of I sent an time to Morris-Town. express to you last night
your welcome
:
Whitby
Prison-Ship,
New York,
9th December, 1776.
make no doubt
but your Honour long before this hath been apprised of our being prisoners in New-York. That our present situation is most wretched, your Honour need not doubt, which I likewise hope you will soon be There are assured of from men of undoubted veracity. more than two hundred and fifty prisoners of us on board
SIR
:
I
this ship, (some of which are sick, and without the least assistance from physician, drug, or medicine,) all fed on two-thirds allowance of salt provisions, and all crowded
promiscuously together, without
distinction
or
respect to
room of a ship's beperson, tween-decks; allowed only to walk the main deck from about sunrising till sunset, at which time we are ordered below deck, and suffered only two at once to come on deck office, or colour, in
the small
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1139
do what nature requires, and sometimes we have been even denied that, and heen obliged to make use of tubs and buckets below deck, to the great offence of every delicate, to
prejudice of
as to great cleanly person, as well
our
all
healths.
These, sir, with many other miserable circumstances too are the just portrait of lengthy and tedious to enumerate, In short, sir, we have no prospect situation. our present before our eyes but a kind of lingering inevitable death, unless we obtain a timely and seasonable release.
From your Honour's well-known character of humanity and justice, we humbly hope that your authority will be As Lord Howe exercised in procuring us an exchange. the merchant
set at liberty all his prisoners taken to exchange those taken service, but refuseth (as we hear) in
hath
under arms but by a like number taken in arms also; and betherefore, from your Honour's clemency, candour, nevolence, we cannot but hope and expect (as we were in the service of our country, and cannot be deemed as from a that such an exchange will be put forcommon privateer)
In the ward, and in due time accomplished, if possible. mean time we rest in confidence that your authority and influence will be exerted in our behalf; and beg leave, with to subscribe ourselves your Honour's the utmost respect,
most obedient, humble servants, TIM'Y PARKER,
WILLIAM DAVALL, JOHN TUCKER,
To
Spy, and were taken
in
tell.
Niack, December
9th, 1776.
SIR: I had the honour to write you a few lines on SatA few hours thereafter, I was alarmed by repeated urday. a large body of the expresses, with accounts that were advancing within about three miles to cut off
my
among the Tories as They abandoned their
uproar
camp.
therefore of the utmost
I have taken the liberty to mention the state of this part of the County to you, from a regard to the service; and doubt not you will do every thing in your power for it. I
hope you
excuse
will
this liberty;
and believe
me
to be,
with great respect, dear General, your very humble servant,
ALEX. McDouoALL.
To
at Peekskill.
Major-General Heath, P. S. For particulars I refer you to the bearer.
ORDERS TO GENERAL PARSONS. SIR:
have
I
General Washington to
would move downward; but dare not, (to my present force. I have harassed them so much that I have some doubts whether they will not endeavour to rout me, which they have threatened The country in general appears to be several days past. either us, through fear or inclination, and I can get against no intelligence upon which I can depend. I shall follow your Honour's orders and am, with due respect, sir, your most obedient servant, I
a road,) with
;
w
December
9th, 1776.
moment received orders from move over the North River with
this
the Continental troops under my command, to wit: your You will therefore immediately give orders to brigade. Prescotfs, Ward's, and Wylly's regiments, to be ready to march to-morrow, at ten o'clock ; tents, kettles, and light
baggage only to be carried. The heavy baggage to be left with the men who are unfit for duty. Four days' provisHard biscuit may be drawn. ions to be taken. 1
am, dear
sir,
yours, 8ic.,
W. HEATH,
Major-General.
CHAIN ACROSS THE NORTH RIVER. Fort Montgomery, December 9th, 1776.
These
are to certify, that the chain that has been stretched across the North River, at this fort, has been broken twice; first a swivel broke, which came from Ticonderoga, which was not welded sound. The second time a clevin broke, which was made at Poughkcepsie, in a solid part of the clevin, and no flaw to be seen in any part of said chain; which we do certify at the request of Messrs. Odk and Vanduzer.
the
JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General, ABRAM SWARTWOUT, Captain, JA. ROSEKHANS, Captain, DAN'L LAWRENCE, Lieutenant.
men
to
me,
be reduced to take
will
is
you.
him and
My
expect something to fall to them out of the value of the Ethiopian. If they should be destined for Fishkill, Colonel flay can send them over very speedily. The fleet is gone down last night, so that I shall be of I have some thoughts of moving little use here. up to If your Honour should think fit to reClerktown to-day.
make
It
relief.
;
in
I have sent the party who came up on Saturday. the negro to Colonel Hay's, to wait your orders.
inforce
County
importance that a Field-Officer's command should take post down there, to cover the country until the Congress of this State can devise some means to relieve them and there is none what can give the necessary succour now but
houses and guard-houses as the party advanced ; however, one was not so light-footed as his companions, and got His name is Pierson, an arch Tory, and was with taken.
seem
this
de-
give me timely notice of their approach ; however, they returned, after the notable exploit of cutting down a liberty the father of one of my pole at Toppan, making prisoner and a horse two oxen. Yesterday and Lieutenants, stealing I marched a party within three miles of the new bridge, at little
same disagreeable
the
enemy
the gorge of the mountains, the field-pieces in the road, and the wings of my little party extended to the heights on each side. Under this disposition, I ventured out three small scouts to
and took post
terrible
;
southernmost part of
DEAR
COLONEL MALCOM TO GENERAL HEATH.
Hackensack, raised a
any prospect of protection, will become discouraged, and yield themselves up to our common enemy for that protection which we don't afford them and its to be feared the
Peekskill,
but what ships or where I cannot
well as in the enemy's
practice will in all probability continue, to the great distress of the County, if some means of relief is not afforded to them. But the mischief will not end here ; for the inhabitants, finding themselves stripped of their property, without
JOSEPH HOLLY.
to the schooner
I formed,
1140
have lately made incursions into Orange-Tottn, and plundered the friends of the country, and disarmed them. This
THOMAS COFFIN,
the ship Hope. They are now prisoners with me ; the others I suppose to be on board some of the men-of-war,
tachment.
1776.
WILLIAM SWAN, Jun.,
the Honourable Jonathan Trumbull, Esq.
These belong
DECEMBER,
&c.,
MALCOM
.
GENERAL M'DOUGALL TO GENERAL HEATH.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO EZEKIEL HAWLEY. Fishkills, 9
December, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of the 6th instant has laid before the
Committee of Safety.
I
am
this
day been
directed to ac-
of the conduct of the quaint you that they highly approve Committee of Salem, and of the prudent measures they have taken to ascertain and secure from waste and embezzlement the property of the disaffected, who have joined the enemy. will continue your care of those request that you
They
effects,
behind.
allowing a provision for the families who are left The Convention have under consideration a report
for the security
circumstances.
and disposal of all effects under the like It will not be long before you shall be
furnished with these regulations. I
am,
&.C.,
PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT, Vice President. Mr. Ezekiel Hawley, Chairman of the Committee of Salem.
Haverstraw, 3th December, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL I am now in a
but
:
The
fair
rheumatism has detained me here, to get rid of it. I have taken
way
the liberty to direct a letter to your care, for my son-inlaw, Jno. Lawrence, which I beg you to take care of till he calls for it. Small parties of the enemy, with some Tories,
JOHN HULBERT TO THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENT. Fishkill,
GENTLEMEN
my
thanks for
December
9th, 1776.
have not the opportunity of returning you the honour done me in my appointment by :
I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1141
waiting upon your Committee, but take this method to acknowledge the favour; at the same time am under the necesto serve, sity of informing you that it is not in my power consistent with other affairs that interfere, not from any dis-
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1142
Regiment in the present emergency, the command of said Regiment was, by his Honour and this Council, given to Major Brown for the present emergency.
would presume to recomif any vacancy for an officer of his rank should offer. He has served as a First Lieutenant in Captain Griffin's company the last two campaigns, one of which I was with him, and well acquainted
SIR: This morning received your favour of the 6th. The fleet you mention appeared off the harbour of New- London
with his conduct.
the 5th instant.
like to the service.
Gentlemen,
mend Benfn Marvin
I
am, gentlemen, your humble servant,
I
the
Lebanon, 9th December.
The 7th instant Governour Cooke informs of one hundred sail of men-of-war and transupwards and were steering ports have entered Narraganset Bay, When they were seen they were directly for Providence.
that
JOHN HULBERT.
To
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO GENERAL HEATH.
as an officer of merit,
Committee of Arrangement.
NATHANIEL HAZARD TO THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENT. Fishkill, 9th
December, 1776.
Mr. Hobart desired me at Fairfield to inform Mr. Duane Mr. Duer that he had taken the liberty to open a letter from the Committee of Arrangement appointing John Grenell a Captain, who, he said, was at Providence ; and he was so confident Mr. Grenell would decline, (as he resigned or
between Canonicot and the main. Besides were seen coming into Newport harbour.
Our eastward Militia are ordered to their aid. I could wish you had given me intelligence concerning our Army in
New-Jersey.
am, with e'steem and humble servant, I
regard,
,
GOVERNOUH TRUMBULL TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. Lebanon, December
SIR
Fishkill, 9th
December, 1776.
SIR: John McDonald has reported the state he finds the lead mine in the Great Nine Partners, in his further exploring said mine, on which the Committee appointed to superintend that business have resolved not to prosecute the exploring of said mine any farther at present, and accordWe must desire ingly have settled with Mr. McDonald. take of to the leaden ore charge you dug from said mine until it shall be determined what to do with it. Mr. McDonald handed to the Committee your account for superintending at said mine; and as the account is without your
We
signature, thereby prevents our being able to pass it. trust you will not impute this to any want in us of serving
you, as all our accounts must be so vouched as to stand fair with the publick. On receiving it properly vouched with
your signature, we will endeavour to get it allowed, and pay it to you or your order. We are, with respect, sir, your very humble servant, MAT. ADGATE, Chairman.
TEMPERANCE COOK TO CAPTAIN PLATT. December
9th, 1776.
SIR: I received a letter from the Doctor, requesting the favour of Captain Platt to use his influence towards procuring him an appointment in one of the four regiments in our Province to be raised during the war. He was not informed
who
are our present
members of Congress,
wrote on that head to you.
or he would have
The Doctor gives
his best regards
to Captain Platt.
From your
To
friend,
your most obedient,
JON TH TRUMBULLi
NATH'L HAZARD.
MINE.
sir,
Major-General Heath.
a company of Artillery,) that he begged the commission might not be kept vacant, and begged to recommend Captain Nathaniel Platt, who served in Colonel Smith's regiment, as an excellent officer.
MATTHEW ADGATE TO THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE LEAD
these, thirty sail
America
Is
:
to be lost?
Is
she to
fall
9, 1776.
a victim to the
rage of a lawless tyrant? Is New-England, that once happyland of civil and religious liberty, dearly purchased by the blood of our worthy ancestors, and fora long time continued
under the smiles of Divine Providence, by their prudence, valour, and virtue, to be subjected to the worst of slavery ?
God Almighty and
forbid.
dispiritedness, that
land States?
What means seems
Our Army
to
that languor, inertion,
overwhelm the New-Engthe westward naked and bareto
before the enemy, the last we hear as far as Trenton; a fleet of the enemy, of upwards of one hundred sail, pushing up Narraganset Bay, and no doubt a large foot, fleeing
We
land force on board, to get footing in that quarter. have the strongest intimations, from General Lee and others, besides the same demonstrations in our own breasts, that
New-England Colonies renew their exertions by most melancholy prospect redoubled vigour, all is lost. indeed may reflect on our past errours to no other valuable purpose but to steer our course with .greater pronow see our errours in inlisting for the future. priety our forces or detaching them for so short a time, to have so many thousands drawing off from our Army in the very criunless the
A
!
We
We
of the season, since which, the enemy have continually were drove and dispersed our thus mutilated Army. unhappy in your not consulting us, nor so much as directing your Committee, sent with your proposals for raising a new Army, to call upon us, though our Assembly was then sitour counsels are divided, our ting at New-Haven, whereby sis
We
modes and encouragement
for raising a
new army
not only
diverse from the General Congress, but from one another, raising our army, if not confoundfear almost fatally delayed. have accounts in the publick papers that large quan-
whereby the whole plan of ed, yet
We
we
of clothing and shoes have been taken from the enemy and brought into your State and Rhode-Island. Have, or must not, our destitute Army be immediately supplied with tities
TEMPERANCE COOK.
Captain Platt, Fishldtts.
them? It is
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
now
but a very few days before the time of the
ment of our present Army
is
expired.
We
inlist-
are in this State
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety, 9th, 1776 Present: His Honour the Governour, Eliphalet Dyer,
with all speed, to supply the deficienraising four battalions, cies in the inlistments in the new Army, until the 15th of
Jabez Huntington, William Williams, William Hillhouse, Nathaniel Wales, Jr., Benjamin Hunting/on, Esquires.
occurred to us that difficulties would arise in putting the same army on different pay ; we have therefore, besides the Continental encouragements, undertaken to supply those who shall be raised from this State with all necessaries, besides their rations, at the first cost here, free from the
December
On
receiving intelligence that a large Fleet of British
men-of-war and transports are pushing up Narragansett Bay, and towards Newport and Providence, orders were given to the Eastern Regiments to make ready, and march into the State of Rhode-Island, to the defence of the country against any depredations from said Fleet. Colonel Henry Champion was sent for, and directed to
make
provision for the support of the into the State of Rhode-Island.
Troops now
to
march
Colonel Elderkin and Lieutenant-Colonel Storrs, not being in suitable circumstances to march with the Fifth
March
next.
For the encouragement
for the
new,
it
readily
and that the price may not be charge of transportation the price of the most necessary extravagant, we have stated to exceed six shillings per bushel ; not wheat viz articles, Indian corn not to exceed three six pence rye three shillings merchantable proof not to exof rum West-India ;
:
;
shillings ; ceed sfx shillings per gallon per hogshead ; New-England rum three shillings six pence; molasses three shillings ; Musco-
vado sugar of the best quality not
to
exceed three pounds per
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1143
hundred per hogshead pork from three pence one farthing to three pence three farthings; best grass-fed beef not to exceed twenty-four shillings per hundred butter ten pence; This is cheese six pence; other articles in proportion. convince the soldiers that while they are
fighting for the country, they
and
their families
may
not at
same time be ruined by the extravagant demands of the and further, to check that fatal excess that seemed
the
people,
to prevail among almost all ranks in this time of general so calamity and distress, and that overbearing oppression, hateful to God Almighty, as well as ruinous and destructive How far your leading Stale will to all civil communities. of those measures and cooperate with us see the
prudence we must leave to your wisdom and good discretion.
therein,
This we are convinced, that it is high time for us to awake out of our sleep and security, and for puhlick bodies to endeavour, by precept and every exertion, to bring about a the people, to suppress every licengeneral reformation in tious oppressive spirit, and while God's judgments are abroad in the land, threatening indeed, the inhabitants thereof may learn righteousness.
had an intimation from you a few weeks past Commissioners from the New-England States to meet at Providence,lo confer on the affair of our currency, it was then thought, for prudential reasons given you in answer
When we
1776.
New-Haven,
MAY
;
to
DECEMBER,
1144
COLONEL LIVINGTON TO GOVEHNOUR THUMBULL.
;
done not only
&c.,
IT
State of
PLEASE YOUR HONOUR
New-York having
:
9th December, 1776.
The
required
Convention of the on
the arms taken
be sent immediately to them at Fishkill, part of those arms, if your Honour remembers, were, on your order, delivered out to Colonel Coifs regiment, with this proviso, that the arms should be returned on demand,
Long-Island
to
as the want of them in the State of New- York was great, and they could in no way be supplied for the value affixed to them, owing to great want of judgment in the appraisers. The arms, when lent, were quite complete, cartouch-boxes, and bayonets, belts, &tc. As those arms were only a loan, I would be extremely obliged to your Honour 'if you would order those arms to be collected and delivered to the bearer, Captain Plat, who will take care to forward them to our State. A list of the above arms are deposited in his hands, of which a duplicate was delivered your Honour. I am, sir, your Honour's obedient humble servant, HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, Colonel Fourth Regiment.
for
An Account
but I beg leave to suggest whether, in the our main army drove to the southpresent aspect of affairs, communication the being greatly interrupted and in ward, danger of being totally obstructed between the Southern and then, to decline
New-England
;
Colonies, whether
it
will
not
be best, as
soon as the enemy are retired into winter quarters,
of the Arms and Ammunition brought
THOMAS TREDWELL, DANIEL ROE.
for the
New-England States to meet by their Commissioners to consult on the great affairs of our safety, and of counteracthave a hint ing the enemy in their future operations.
No.
No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.
We
We
a late letter from General Lee. hope we God Alshall soon hear from you on this subject. May mighty give us a spirit of wisdom, fortitude, and resolution, in this evil day ; and as the day is so may our strength be ;
of
this
in
but every means and exertion must be used. Will it not be well to call for town meetings in every town, endeavour to the people, know their sentiments in the present inspirit
will yield up their lives and properties days, whether they and sacred liberties to the imperious demands of Britons,
ignominious yoke of slavery, from never be in their power to emerge or will they, looking to the God of armies for help, and his stand forth in the cause blessing on their utmost exertions,
and submit
to that base,
which, perhaps,
it
will
;
33
am, with great esteem and regard, dient, humble servant.
sir,
your most obe-
,
JON TH TRUMBULL-
$3
56 do do 57 58.... do.... 59.... do.... 60 do 61 do 62. ...do.... 63.... do.... do 64 65 do 66.... do.... 67.
. .
3
2 3 4
3 3 2 4 3 3 3
.do. ... 2
68 do 69 do 70.... do.... do 71 72.... do.... 73.... do....
bayonets
3 3 3 3 3 3
at 8s.
powder. boxes of ball.
2U
New-Haven, December 10th, 1776. Received the above of Colonel Henry B. Livingston, by the hand of
articles
Captain John Davis.
NATH'L PLATT.
Pr.
Honourable James Bowdoin, Esq., President of the Council in
55, valued at
each $33 9 swords at 8s. . . 9 6 cartouch boxes at 8s. ...*..... 6 3 quarter casks of
If of their country, and engage in the glorious struggle ? the latter should happily be their choice, it would give an encouraging presage that God Almighty will yet save his ruin and destruction, and not suffer our people from utter merciless enemy any longer to triumph over us. I
off from
end of LONG-ISLAND by Colonel HENRY B. LIVINGSTON, and delivered by his order to Captain NATH'L PLATT, the 9lh December, 1776, agreeable to the directions of a Committee of the Convention of the Stale of NEW- YORK, numbered and valued by us. the east
Massachusetts State.
Received, New-Haven, December 10th, 1776, of Captain Henry B. Livingston, by the hands of Captain John Davis,
We, promise
the subscribers, do hereby severally and respectively and engage to the Governour of the State of Con-
necticut,
on the
faith
and honour of gentlemen, that we
will
neither of us give notice or intelligence to the enemy of the United Slates of America, nor hold any inimical corre-
spondence with them; that we will not take up or bear arms nor act an offensive against the United States of America, or either of them, but to conduct peacepart against them, ably and quietly with respect to the present contest and troubles, and return back to this State when required by the Governour.
As witness our hands,
this
ninth day of December,
1776.
DAN'L KISSAM, Jun., A. SEABURY, DAVID BROOKS, CHARLES HICKS,
WHITEHEAD CRONWELL, CHAS. NICOLL,
JOHN CHAVE, THOMAS JONES,
33 bayonets, 33 cartridge-boxes, 8 cutlasses, one box of bullets, 4 or 500 wt., part of another box large which were taken from the Tories on Long-Island. NATHANIEL PLATT. Per me:
28
PAROLE OF DANIEL K1SSAM AND FOURTEEN OTHERS.
A. D.
guns,
A Return
of Arms, Ammunition, the sloop.
fyc.,
taken on board of
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1145
In Congress, December 21st, 1776.
to
Troops raised for three years or during the war, receive pay on the new establishment Resolved, That
Officers of
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1146
1776.
whom
I beg leave to refer your Lordship which you may wish to be informed of. have the honour to be, &c.,
lars
I
from the time of their being appointed by their respective of Congress passed States, in consequence of the Resolution the 16th of September last.
for
any particu-
H. CLINTON.
JOHN AVERY TO COMMITTEE OF DARTMOUTH. In Council, December 9th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: The honourable Board
COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO CAPTAIN TRACY. Norwich, December
Go vernour Trumbull has received appliGovernour Cooke, of Providence, to afford what
SIR: Whereas cation from
aid he can from this State to repel the enemy now pushing their fleet up Providence bay, and thereupon has ordered
eastern regiments of this State to march immefor their assistance, and directed me diately to Providence, to send forward some ammunition, &,c., and to appoint some forward to issue the same to our to
some of the
proper person
proceed
Militia that shall
march on
this
occasion
have accord-
I
:
to Captain Eaton's, in Plainjield, one ingly sent forward load of powder, ball, and flints, as per invoice delivered you; have ordered two loads of salt pork to be carried and delivered
you
being apprehensive
your town, the property of the Continental Congress, which were brought into your port by a vessel from France, are in danger, have directed me to acquaint you that if John Bradford, Esq., Continental agent, should direct the removal of them into some interior part of the country, that you would give him every needed that the
9th, 1776.
military stores in
The enemy being in your neighbourhood, expedient that you should assist said John Bradford, Esq., without delay, or immediately to follow the directions he shall give you relative to their removal. assistance.
makes
it
JOHN AVERY, Deputy
To
Committee of Safety
the
There is thirty barrels of flour Voluntown, which would have you take
in
Secretary.
Dartmouth.
at said Eaton's.
at
,
in
and improve for said Militia. Further provision will be ordered per Governour Trumbull, as shall be necessary. As soon as you arrive at Plainjield, leave word at Eaton's that
coming on from Norwich, then proceed lo find the state of that flour, and if by any and Voluntown, means not to be found, send a post immediately to Andrew When Huntington, of Norwich, to send on flour from here. at Voluntown, send on a post to Providence, to Governour Cooke, to let him know you are attending this business at him the state of the enemy, where Plainjield, and know of
these articles are
MAJOR LITHGOW TO JOHN AVERY. Boston, 9th December, 1776.
SIR: Being informed that you wrote me some time since on the subject of my appointment to a Majority in one of the new regiments now raising in this State, on the Continental establishment, under the command of Colonel Ebenezer Francis, which I had not the honour to receive, and as it is my opinion that no private or interested views are a sufficient apology, at this critical and important day, to decline the service of our oppressed, insulted country, I take this method to express my gratitude for the honour done me,
to rendezvous, what provision of barracks or and also to signify to the honourable Board, though not and cooking utensils are provided for them, and without the most humiliating sense of my own inexperience Deliver out the and want of of acquaint Governour Trumbull accordingly. military knowledge, my cheerful acceptance above stores to the Militia in a prudent manner, taking into the appointment, however repugnant it may be to my execute or emolument. your assistance what help you have occasion for to private advantage the same, and keep proper accounts of your proceedings, I have the honour to be, with the most profound respect, and advise Governour Trumbull how you succeed, and ob- your Honour's very humble servant,
our Militia are tents
serve such further directions as shall be given.
Given under
my
hand,
in
Norwich,
cember, 1776.
To
this
9th day of
WILLIAM LITHGOW, De-
Jz HuNTINGTON
To
Jun.
the Secretary of the honourable Council of the State of
Massachusetts-Bay.
.
Captain Jared Tracy, of Norwich.
MAJOR BULLARD TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. LIEUTENANT-GENERAL CLINTON TO LORD GEORGE GERMAINE.
To
the honourable Council
MY LORD: Having received General Howe's order to embark with two brigades of British and two brigades of Hessian troops, and, in conjunction with Commodore Sir Peter Parker's fleet, to make a descent upon this island, in the most effectual manner for the full possession of it, and for the security of the town and harbour, we sailed from New-York on the first of December, and arrived at Weaver's Bay, on the west side of this island, on the evening of the
On the 8th, at daybreak, the Commodore having made such a disposition of the fleet as he thought of the troops, they disembarked proper to cover the landing at the above-mentioned bay without the least opposition when, being informed that the Rebels had quitted the works in and about the town of Newport, and were retiring towards Bristol Ferry, I detached Major-General Prescolt with the Grenadiers and Light-Infantry, to intercept them, sustaining him with a body of troops under the command of Lieutenant-General Earl Percy. Major-General Prescott took two pieces of cannon, a few prisoners, and obliged them to quit their fort on this side the ferry, and retire to the continent I likewise sent a battalion to take possession of Newport, the capital of the island, in which were found some cannon and stores, which the Rebels in their sudden retreat had left behind them. I shall, as soon as possible, send troops to the island of Conanicut and Prudence, and occupy such other posts as may be necessary for the security of the harbour. Having had it in command from General Howe to give 7th following.
;
;
your Lordship the Majesty's troops,
I
earliest intelligence of the success of his have the honour to transmit this to your
Lordship by Captain Drummond, one
of
my
of
the State
of the MASSACHU-
SETTS-BAY:
Newport, Rhode-Island, December 9, 1776.
Aids-de-camp,
The following humbly sheweth That the subscriber having received a handbill from the Governour of RhodeIsland yesterday morning, representing that the town of Providence was in the utmost danger of being attacked by the enemy, I immediately alarmed the town of Walpole, :
and ordered every able-bodied man, except the quarter part that
was drafted
to reinforce the
army near New-York,
to
march, equipped with arms, &,c., and four days' o'clock in the afternoon ; but before that provisions, by one time I received verbal orders from Major Metcalf, to meet him with the men from Walpole, at Cumberland, in order
be ready
to
to join the regiment, as
he had sent the
like orders to the
regiment. After finding that Major Metcalf was able to take the command of the regiment, I the regiment thought it was not so proper for me to go with to Providence, as I was appointed to go with the detachrest
of the towns
in the
ment that was drafted for New-York, but be preparing for that march I accordingly ordered the men to march yesterin order to join the day about two o'clock for Cumberland, ten o'clock last evening I received an About regiment. from the honourable Board with orders to march ;
express
except the quarter part but as Major Metcalf had already marched with the regiment, I thought it was not prudent for me to follow after, for the reasons alreatty mentioned ; Metcalf had taken some of the drafted however, lest the Fourth
as before
Regiment
mentioned
to Providence,
;
Major
with him, 1 immediately forwarded the express to him, I have also sent that he might govern himself accordingly. to the Selectmen of the several towns in the regiment, to-
men
follow their
law.
men
with the necessary supplies, according to happy as to meet with the approba-
If I should be so
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1147
tion of the honourable
Board,
it
will
afford
much
satisfac-
went
am, with all proper regards, your Honours' and the humble servant, g ETH BULLARD, Second Major of Fourth Regiment.
I
State's
Walpole, December 9th, 1776.
C.
On
Town, December
;
is a scandalous falseconsiderably in advance for and although 1 cannot exactly say how the
for 1776, yet I am perfectly certain, after deducting my own claim against the County, which was allowed last Levy Court, I have paid away more than I have received. I shall appoint a person of character and prop-
10th, 1776.
receives the
The
money.
Maryland ; and am, with
money
dient servant,
be supported any longer without. Mr. Hanson, who keeps the books, is not at home, so that I cannot get to see them, in order to draw for the
To
:
the factory
that
must
it
entitled to;
but I
am
clearly satisfied be about four hundred dollars, by the accounts
money
is
I
sincerely wish peace
I
was compelled
to
take
money on
interest
r> r< ROBERT CHRISTIE,
T
Jun.
Hon. Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer.
the
am
MARINE COMMITTEE TO CAPTAIN
We
tory one hundred and fifty-six locks, completely finished, as For nearly two will appear by the enclosed certificate.
and prosperity to the Province of great respect, sir, your most obe-
told Captain Nathaniel Smith, Robert Buchanan, and JoAn McHenry, were all of the party.
I
rendered, and the locks now in the factory ; which sum have now in the facBoon. please to forward by Mr.
months past
am
account stands
bearer hereof, Mr. Boon, the overseer of the gunlock factory, waits on you in order to get some to enable him to carry on the factory, for it cannot
GENTLEMEN
1148
County, which
the contrary, I
1775
the year
1776.
erty to transact the collection business during my absence, with directions to pay off the publick creditors as fast as he
BEATTY TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Frederick
DECEMBER,
off in debt to the
hood.
tion.
kc.,
In
SIR:
mand
J.
PAUL JONES.
Marine Committee, Philadelphia, December 10th, 1776. expect this will find the ship under your com-
We
in readiness for service,
and therefore you are hereby
It is not to support the factory, or let the hands go idle. for that more borrow to in purpose here. any power don't fail sending the money, or I shall be compelled
directed to proceed to sea with all possible despatch, and in a cruise of six weeks or two months to intercept as many of
have taken up, and which will be a great
New- York as you may fall in with. You will in this cruise do as much injury to the enemy and service to the United States as it may be in your power to accomplish. When
my
Pray
locks to pay the money that let the servants shift for themselves, loss to the publick. to sell
I
am, gentlemen, your ready
The Honourable
friend
I
December
On
this cruise
Wednesday night
I
:
struggle
for
liberty, that
we
are at
this
present
moment
determined that unless you leave the town instantly, and the State within six days, your life shall be sacrificed by an
LEGION."
injured people.
We
you
10, 1776.
was served by a Mr. Hopkins with a written paper, of which the following is a copy " Your conduct has been such in this State during our SIR:
is
finished,
you
port in the United States
THOMAS JENIFER.
ST.
enemy
at
the most convenient no further orders are there lodged for you from this Board, you will proceed on a new cruise for the purpose above mentioned.
and well-wisher, C. BEATTY.
Council of Safety, Maryland.
ROBERT CHRISTIE, JUN., TO DANIEL OF
the store-ships and supply vessels going to the
are persuaded
it
will return to
;
is
and
if
not necessary to
the practice of humanity to those
whom
recommend
to
the fortune of
war may make your prisoners. We expect to hear from you by every opportunity; and wishing you success, we are, sir, your humble servants, ROB'T MORRIS, RICHARD HENRY LEE, WILLIAM ELLERY. FRANCIS LEWIS,
WILLIAM WHIPPLE, To Captain JoAn Paul Jones.
Directed to Robert Christie.
Soon after the receipt of this paper, Hugh Scott and myself went into a room at Grant's, and told the people we should leave town in the morning; but this was refused, and we obliged to take our horses and leave town at eleven We inquired what we had done to merit o'clock at night. such treatment, but no reasons were given. The only thing which can be laid to my charge is the not having taken up arms ; and I defy any man to say (at least to prove) that I have, directly or indirectly, done any thing in opposition to, or to the prejudice of, the present measures. Besides, if I had been ever so criminal, I surely was entitled to a hearing before condemnation.
GEORGIA DELEGATES TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. 10th December, 1776.
We
have received accounts of our reappointment to represent the State of Georgia in Congress, and will be In the mean time ready to take our seats in a day or two. we request an order on the Treasury for two thousand dollars, on account of the State we are appointed to represent. We are, sir, your most obedient servants,
SIR
:
LYMAN HALL, GEORGE WALTON.
To
the Honourable
may be necessary to inform your Board of some of the who were present at this extraordinary transaction Commodore Nicholson, Lieutenant Aquila Johns, Captain
John Hancock, Esq.
It
persons
John Martin, of the armed brig, (a very busy man,) David Stewart, Daniel Bowly, Charles Ridgely, (son of John,) William Hammond, John McLure, Barnet Eickelberger, Doctor Baird, Doctor Swoope, Nicholas Norwood, Thomas Elliot, tavern-keeper, Fell's Point, (who I thought to assume some command,) James Cox, and John McLellan, members of the Committee, and one Poe, a wheelwright, (who seemed at the head of the lower class,) composed this body, or at least such part of it as I can at In justice to Commodore Nicholson, I present remember. must observe that he declared in my presence his sole reason for coming there was to prevent injury to our persons, and he actually forbid the people from insulting us when we went out to mount our horses.
seemed
My
chief reason
for
troubling
you
is,
that
Baltimore
deprived of a Sheriff by my expulsion, and there is a considerable number of prisoners confined in jail, who must be supplied with provisions; therefore you will take
County
WILLIAM ELLERY TO GOVERNOUR COOKE.
:
is
such steps as you may judge proper on this occasion. After such unmerited treatment as I have experienced, I cannot again trust myself in Baltimore, nor will I come there till times alter. Since I left town it has been reported that I
Philadelphia,
December
10th, 1776.
SIR: Since the enemy took possession of Fort Lee, General Washington, with the division under his immediate command, hath been constantly retreating, until they have at length passed the Delaware, and I suppose mean to make a stand on the banks of the river, opposite to Trenton. To prevent their being hemmed in at Hackinsack, they passed the river of that name, and the river Pasaick, and retired to
The enemy advanced, and upon their approach our Army, being insufficient to withstand them, retreated to Woodbridge ; the enemy followed. From thence our Army Newark.
marched
to Brunswick; the British Army soon appeared canon the side of the Rariton, opposite to that town. nonade ensued, but without any hurt on either side, saving the killing of an Hessian officer by one of our cannon shot. As the river is fordable, it would not do to continue there. Our troops decamped, and marched to Prince-Town, where General Washington left a body of twelve hundred men, under Lord Stirling, and with the rest moved to Trenton, and sent over the Delaware his principal stores, to secure them from the enemy. After this was effected, he sent a reinforcement to Lord Stirling ; and hoping that he should be joined by the Militia of the Jersey and this State, and
A
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, &c DECEMBER,
1149
,
by General Lee, who, it was said, with his division, had passed the North River, and was advancing to join him, intending to make a stand at Prince-Town; but by a strange dilatoriness, and the confusion which took place in the Jersey on the enemy's penetrating their State, and the lukewarmness (not to give it a worse name) of this, the enemy had approached Prince-Town before a sufficient number of Milifrom these States had joined General Washington to enable him to make an effectual stand there he therefore retreated to Trenton, and crossed the river with his Army last Sattia
;
urday night. On Sunday the enemy appeared at Trenton, and a cannonade ensued as at Brunswick. Yesterday, Generals Putnam and Mifflin came to town, and inform that the enemy had disappeared from Trenton, but they could not tell whither I imagine we shall soon see they were gone. them in that part of the Jersey opposite the city, and perhaps hear the thunder of their cannon and mortars, and feel We don't hear of a fleet yet the effects of shot and bombs. I in the Delaware, which I have for some time expected. imagine the
have
enemy
durst not venture
it,
for fear
they shall
ice as well as chevaux-de-frise to encounter.
hope we shall be and we should be able I
able to keep them out of this State; to do it, if the country would exert
themselves with a tenth part of the spirit which the city hath manifested on this occasion, or if General Lee should join General Washington with five or six thousand men, which Where he is, or what I most devoutly wish for and expect. I find, is unknown. by a private letter from Newport, (for I have had intelligence of a higher nature for a long time,) that General Lee had wrote to our State that he thought that the embarkation at New-York was intended for Rhode-Island, and that this intelligence had thrown the town of Newport into great confusion, and that We have heard of the inhabitants were all upon the wing.
delays his coming,
transports being prepared to receive troops various ways, and for six weeks past, and that sometimes troops were really embarked, and sometimes that they have sailed for South-
Carolina or Rhode-Island; but I can't find that they have ever embarked any troops, nor do I think they will, for either of these places, while they pursue such high game, and
mean
and places they have and may posto spare at present, nor do I think they will have them this winter, for any distant expedition. However, as 1 have often said, it is wise and prudent to be on our guard. Captain Garzia, who will hand you this letter, cannot wait a moment longer, which obliges me to close abruptly. most obedient, I am, with great respect, your Honour's humble servant, ELLERY. to secure the posts
They have
sess.
not
men enough
WM
Nicholas Cooke, Esq.
DONALD CAMPBELL TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Philadelphia, 10th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN The critical situation of this town makes it necessary for me to receive your directions for the preser:
campaign 1775 in Canada, being ordered by General Schuykr at Crown-Point to repair with them to this place. The cruel situation which vation of the publick accounts of the
am in with respect to the court-martial obliges me to request your order and direction where to proceed with my charge till a full settlement is made. I
The
early
and conspicuous part
have taken
I
in
the
Amer-
ican cause, (well known to the enemies of my country,) and at this time deprived of the power of acting with them in the open field, urge this double prudence. I wait your resolve; and
humble
To
am, gentlemen, your most obedient and most
servant,
T.
.-,
DONALD CAMPBELL.
the honourable the Continental Congress.
ADDRESS OF CONGRESS TO THE PEOPLE.
1776.
1150
British Ministry for several years in a systematick manner to enslave you to that kingdom. After various attempts in an artful and insidious manner to bring into practice the laying you under tribute, they at last openly and decisively asserted their rights of making laws to bind in all cases
you
whatsoever.
Opposition was made to these encroachments by earnest and humble petitions from every Legislature on the Continent, and more than once by the Congress representing the whole. These were treated with the utmost contempt. Acts of the most unjust and oppressive nature were passed and carried into execution, such as exempting the soldiers charged with murder in America from a legal trial, and ordering them to be carried to Britain for certain absolution, as also directing prisoners taken at sea to be entered on board their ships, and obliged either to kill their own friends or fall themselves by their hands. only mention these from among the many oppressive acts of Parliament, as
We
proofs to
what
horrid
sometimes carry
injustice the love of societies as well as men.
dominion
At
the
will
same
time to show how insensible they will be to the sufferings of others, you may see by the preambles to the acts and addresses to the King, that they constantly extol their own in those very proceedings which Continent with resentment and horrour.
lenity
filled
this
whole
To crown the whole, they have waged war with us in the most cruel and unrelenting manner, employing not only the force of the British nation, but hiring foreign mercenawho, without
themselves in rapine and indeed of the Army in general is but too well determined, by their inhuman treatment of those who have unhappily fallen into their hands. ries,
feeling, indulge
The spirit
bloodshed.
It is well known to you, that at the universal desire of the people, and with the hearty approbation of every Province, the Congress declared the United States free and inbut which had become dependent, a measure not only
just,
It would have been absolutely necessary. impossible to have resisted the formidable force destined against us last
spring, while
we
confessed ourselves the subjects of that we had taken arms. Besides, after reno terms could be obtained, but pardon upon
State against which
peated
trials,
absolute submission, which every publick body in
America
had rejected with disdain. Resistance has now been made with a spirit and resolution becoming a free people, and with a degree of success hitherto which could scarce have been expected. The enemy have been expelled from the Northern Provinces where they at first had possession, and have been repulsed in their attempt upon the Southern by the undaunted valour of the inhabitants. Our success at sea, in the capture of the enemy's ships, has been astonishing. They have been Notwithcompelled to retreat before the Northern Army. standing the difficulty and uncertainty at first of our being supplied with ammunition and military stores, those we have now in abundance, and by some late arrivals and captures there is an immediate prospect of sufficient clothing for the
Army.
What we have
particularly in
view
in this address
is
not
only to promote unanimity and vigour through the whole States, but to excite the inhabitants of Pennsylvania, NewJersey, and the adjacent States, to an immediate and spirited exertion in opposition to the Army that now threatens to take possession of this city. You know that during the
whole campaign they have been checked in their progress, and have not till within these two weeks ventured above ten miles from their shipping. Their present advances are owing not to any capital defeat, or a want of valour in the Army that opposed them, but to a sudden diminution of its numbers from the expiration of those short inlistments which, to ease the people, were at first adopted. Many have al ready joined the Army to supply the deficiency, and we call,, in the most earnest manner, on all the friends of liberty to
Representatives of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA in Congress assembled, to the People in general, and particularly to the Inhabitants of PENNSYLVANIA and the
exert themselves without delay in this pressing emergency. In every other part your arms have been successful, and in other respects our sacred cause is in the most promising think it proper to inform and assure you that situation.
adjacent States,
essential services
The
FRIENDS AND BRETHREN: dress a few
We
words of exhortation
You
think
to
you
it
our duty to ad-
in
this
important
are not unacquainted with the history of the rise and progress of this war. plan was carried on by the crisis.
A
We
States, and we of further aid.
have been already rendered us by foreign have received the most positive assurances Let us not, then, be wanting to ourselves.
Even a short resistance will probably be effectual, as GenLee is advancing with a strong reinforcement, and his-
eral
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1151 troops in high
What
spirits.
a pity
is it,
then, that the rich
nam
&c.,
down
sent
is
DECEMBER,
1776.
1152
purposes on their
for
way
near town,
I
and
suppose they can't be sent here.
from the ships of war,
After your reading, please to send this to the Council of Safety, and believe me to be, with great respect, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant,
populous city of Philadelphia should fall into the enemy's hands, or that we should not lay hold of the opportunity of destroying their principal Army, now removed
which
in
their
greatest
strength
JOHN ARMSTRONG.
lies.
certainly needless to multiply arguments in such a situation. All that is valuable to us as men and freemen It is
at stake. It does not admit of a question what would be Even the boasted Commisthe effect of our finally failing. sioners for giving peace to America have not offered, and do terms but pardon on absolute snbmission. not now offer,
To
the Board of
War
and Ordnance.
is
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read llth.] Head-Quarters, Falls of Delaware, December 10, 1776.
any
And
though (blessed be God) even the loss of Philadelphia loss of the cause, yet while it can be saved, let us not, in the close of the campaign, afford them such ground of triumph; but give a check to their progress, and convince our friends in the distant parts that one spirit ani-
would not be the
mates the whole. in your fidelity and zeal in a contest the most and important, and firmly trusting in the good providence of God, we wish you happiness and success. Given at Philadelphia, December 10, 1776.
Confiding
illustrious
By
order of the Congress
:
JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
GENERAL ARMSTRONG TO THE BOARD OF WAR. Head-Quarters, 10 December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
Since
:
my coming up
to the
Army,
1
have
wrote two short letters to town; the first rather gloomy, arising from a view of our Army and the credit paid to the magnitude of that on the other side. The second, of this morning, somewhat more sanguine, was built on the flattering opinion that the numbers of the enemy had been exaggerated, and the expectations of being joined by General Lee and a respectable body of Militia. These reinforcements we still hope for, and wish it may be soon but with ;
respect to the enemy's numbers, there is reason to apprehend they are rather above than below the first estimation,
an Ensign of ours, who, by the violamade his escape from York, where he saw General Howe's horses put into the boat for ElizabethTown, to which place the General came on Wednesday last, and that he is undoubtedly at the head of his Army, consisting, according to this officer's information, as he had But although they should heard, of fifteen thousand men. not be so many, we cannot suppose on an errand of so much consequence, that Howe will throw himself at the head of diminutive numbers. There are eight battalions, consisting chiefly of English and Hessian Grenadiers and Light-Infantry, with a few pieces of artillery, at PennyTown; whether with a design to pass above General Washington, or whether with a design to intercept the junction of General Lee, is yet uncertain. On the other hand, we have heard this afternoon that they have repaired a bridge the General had torn down betwixt Trenton and Bordentown, on the Jersey side, and that a body of Infantry have in short already passed over it they are spread for many miles along the Delaware, perhaps to distract General Washington, that he may not know what point to attend as I have lately seen tion of his parole, has
;
to.
Your worthy General, however, maintains
the
full
possession of himself;
is indefatigable by day and night, taking every precaution, I think, as well to prevent surprise as to discover the place they intend to cross, that he may derive every advantage from the river, which if once
SIR Since I had the honour of addressing you yesterday, nothing of importance has occurred. In respect to the enemy's movements, I have obtained no other information :
than that they have a number of parties patrolling up and down the river, particularly above. As yet they have not attempted to pass; nor do any of their patroles, though
some
are exceedingly small, meet with the least interrupfrom the inhabitants of Jersey. By a letter received last night from General Lee, of the 8th instant, he was then at Morristown, where he entertained thoughts of establishing a post; but on receiving my despatches by Major Hoops, I should suppose he would be convinced of the necessity of his proceeding this way with all the force he can bring. tion
1 have the honour most obedient servant,
to be,
sir,
your
Go WASHINGTON.
P. S. Nine o'clock, formation that the
with great respect,
a.
m.
I
this
minute received
in-
enemy were
repairing the bridges three or four miles below Trenton, which seems to indicate an intention of their passing lower down, and suggests to me
the necessity that
some
attention should be had to the fort
possess themselves of it, the consideration of which I bee; leave to submit to ConI have wrote to the Council of gress. Safety on the at Billingsporl, lest they should
subject.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Head-Quarters, Trenton Falls, 10th December, 1776. last evening reached me at four o'clock immediately sent orders to Commodore Seymour to despatch one of his galleys down to Dunk's Ferry, and I shall dispose of the remainder in such manner and at such places as will be most likely not only to annoy the enemy in their passage, but to give the earliest informaParties of the enemy tion of any attempt of that kind. have been reconnoitring both up and down the river, and I imagine it has been one of those parties that have appeared near Burlington : for as they have not found the least opposition from the people of Jersey, they venture very far from their main body, which, from the best information, still lays about Trenton and above it. I have desired Colonel Hampton, who is the bearer of to for a this, apply party of men to go up Cooper's and Ancocus creeks, and bring down all the craft he may find
SIR
this
Yours of
:
I
morning.
there
;
for
it is
in vain
They cannot be
left.
to cut
down
was to appear, such is their fear them up upon the first demand.
owners
if
;
that they
the boats are
for if
an
enemy
would deliver
the fort began at Billingsport should be is not a party already there, one be sent under a good officer, who would not too
I think
attended should
bridges
trusted to the
that
to.
If there
crossed, could not, with his comparatively small army, be He has sent a party to reexpected at any other, place.
readily take the alarm, and come off; for you may depend that only small bodies will be sent to that distance.
connoitre the creeks on the Jersey side, lest the friends of tyranny should have boats concealed in them to aid the
But
common enemy
but thinks the Council of Safety would fit persons, lest such secreted boats might escape the party he has sent; and who knows but Howe's design may be to march on the Jersey side as
do well
to
;
send also some
BiEingsport, and there meet some of his own shipping and small craft for purposes too obvious to mention; or by taking the Bordcntown route, he to far as
may
A
design
pass
over below the mouth of Shamaney. passage in the night is to us the most dangerous, and what he probably will attempt. I had, without consulting the General, wrote for Colonels Kosciusko and Romond ; but as General Put-
have always found that the intelligence brought by men in arms has always magnified numbers exceedingly, and on this head the officer should be guarded not to trust to report, but be well satisfied himself before he gives up his post. Having sent down Major-General Putnam to throw up necessary works for the defence of your city, I hope you will cooperate with him, and give him every assistance in your power to expedite so necessary an operation. 1 have the honour to be, sir, yours, &tc., I
people not used to see
Go. WASHINGTON.
The Honourable Thomas Wharlon, of the Council.
Jun., Esq., President
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1153
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE. Trenton
Falls,
December
10th, 1776.
on the rear of the enemy and establishing the post you menis directly opposite to what and when General Howe is pressing forward with the whole of his Army except the troops that were lately embarked, and a few besides left at New- York, to possess himself of Philadelphia, I cannot but request and entreat you, and this too by the advice of all the General Officers with me, to march and join me with all your whole
But when
tion.
you suppose
situation
my
to be,
it
The utmost exertions force, with all possible expedition. that can be made will not be more than sufficient to save Without the aid of your force, I think there Philadelphia. I refer is but little, if any, prospect of doing it. you to the The enemy are route Major Hoops would inform you of.
now extended along the Delaware who was taken last night,
a prisoner
at several places. I told that at
am
By Pen-
nytown there are two battalions of Infantry, three of Grenadiers, the Hessian Grenadiers, Forty-Second of Highlanders, and two others. Their object, doubtless, is to pass the river above us, or to prevent your joining me. I mention this that
Do come
you may avail yourself of the information. Your arrival may be happy; and if it can
be effected be the means of preserving a city whose loss must prove of the most fatal consequences to the cause of America. on.
without delay,
1
To
may
For
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Peekskill,
DEAR GENERAL: The
December
10, 1776.
evening, about eight o'clock, I received the honour of yours of the 7th instant, and immediately gave orders for the regiments of General Parsons 's last
brigade which are on this side Hudson's River, to pass over, which they will do this day. I shall also order Hunting-
and Tyler's to join them, and pursue the effecting the purposes which your Excellency has been pleased to point out. This post will now be left in a very defenceless conton's
men: not
side of the river,
a single Continental regiment on this all the field artillery gone over
and nearly
the river.
The enemy's
fleet,
which
sailed
eastward a few days
by the last accounts lying off New-London, ninetyone in number. The account in Game's New-York paper of December 2d, is as follows " Thursday last several transports, full of troops and military stores, passed up the East River into Connecticut Sound ; at the same time Sir Peter Parker and Mr. Hotham, with the Asia, Renown, and other men-of-war, fell down to the Narrows, in order to join the above transports, as 'tis supposed, about the east end of Long-Island. Various consince,
:
jectures are raised about their destination." I have the honour to be, with great respect, your Excellency's most humble servant,
W. HEATH.
His Excellency General Washington.
Peekskill,
December
10th, 1776.
The day
SIR:
before yesterday a schooner came up the river with a flag, having on board the Rev. Charles Inglis
and one Mr. Moor, who have come up to solicit their I have given orders for the vessel to at stop
Point, the respect,
flag to
and
families.
Verplanck's
be treated with the utmost politeness and same time with as great precaution. I
at the
informed either
the gentlemen by land or water
letters
to
send
that
they were not to proceed
to Fishkill, but that if they had they should be carefully conveyed to the
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL
III.
present to be a time so
advance further
to
permit any persons
;
behooves us ever
it
to
be on our guard.
The French maxim, La which your Honour mother of security,"
The
mejiance. est la mere de la surete, knows in English is, " Distrust is the
is
worthy of our
attention.
received orders from his Excellency General Washington to cross the North River, with the Continental troops under my command, to wit Parsons's orders are brigade; they will pass the river this day. to "move on so as to give all possible protection to the last
evening
I
:
My
country and vigour to the cause." In consequence of my moving from this place and taking so many troops with me, the passes both on this and the Howother side of the river will be but weakly manned. ever, I hope my stay on the other side of the river will be but short. Should I go any distance beyond the river, General James Clinton will command here, unless General
Spencer should move up. I am, sir, with respect and esteem, your most obedient and very humble servant, JJ EATH> Honourable Pierre Van Cortlandt, Esq.
w
REV. CHARLES INGLIS TO JAMES DUANE. North River, December :
The
8th, 1776.
calamities which threatened the city of
New-
York induced me to send my family to New- Windsor last October was a twelvemonth, and when two men-of-war went up the North River last summer, I judged it prudent to remove them back to Goshen, where they have remained It were needless to tell you that so long a sepand absence from their home must be exceedingly with much anxiety and distress, as well painful, and attended as numberless inconveniences to them and me. Having obtained a flag of truce from the Right Honourable Lord Howe, I have come up as high as Peekskill in a hired schooner, in order to apply to the honourable Conven-
ever since. aration
tion sitting at Fishkill, for their leave that
my
family
may
request of you, sir, is, that you would lay my case before the Convention, and obtain their permission and return.
My
consent that
my
family
may come
Windsor, and from hence by water
from Goshen to in
some
New-
sloop, or other
vessel, to this place, where I shall receive them. I flatter myself that this indulgence will appear reasonable in itself to the Convention especially as a similar in-
fit
;
dulgence has been granted at New-York to women whose husbands are absent. Two recent instances I beg leave Mrs. Lewis, wife of the Honourable Francis to mention has Lewis, got leave from General Howe to go to her husband, and carry with her such furniture and other articles as she chooses she is also to be escorted by a military gentleman as far as the advance guards of the King's troops in New-Jersey. I mention these particulars the rather, as I Lewis and her myself was not only privy but aiding to Mrs. daughter, Mrs. Robertson, in the several steps that were Mr. John Smith's wife, of taken for the above purpose. to town with her family, came who Point, lately Throg's has upon being sent for by her husband by a flag of truce, obtained General Howe's permission also to remove with her children, furniture, and whatever else she pleases to take So far as I can learn, with her, as she herself assured me. women with their children and effects may, if they choose :
;
it,
GENERAL HEATH TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT.
I
1154
have accordingly sent forward
part I think the
should
enemies are many
SIR
P. S. Pray exert your influence and bring with you all the Jersey Militia you possibly can. Let them not suppose their State is lost, or in any danger, because the enemy are If you think General St. Clair or pushing through it. General Maxwell would be of service to command 'em, I would send either.
I
1776.
than to such place as may be convenient to treat with them, or to consent to any going in to the enemy, would be acting The arts and stratagems of our entirely beside my duty.
Major-General Lee.
dition as to
my own
critical, that
Go. WASHINGTON.
am, &c.,
DECEMBER,
honourable Convention. a number.
DEAR
SIR: I last night received your favour by Colonel Hampton; and were it not for the weak and feeble state of the force I have, I should highly approve of your hanging
&c.,
go from hence whenever they
With my
family, I sent to
please.
New- Windsor
a
part of
my
If the Convenfurniture, beds, linen, books, and papers. to permit the return of these along tion would be
pleased with my family, it would greatly enhance the favour and in-., crease my obligation. It may be proper to inform you that my family at Gos,hen> besides Mrs. Inglis, consists of Mrs. Crooke, my naother-innot quite three years, the law, three children, the eldest three months old, two white servant women, about youngest Should the Convention a nurse, and a white servant boy. leave to come down v I would beg that they them grant
would
73
also please to give
such directions and orders as they
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1155 think their
necessary to prevent any difficulty or obstruction
and
wait here to receive your answer. Your laying these particulars before the Con vention, and their compliance, shall
I
will
greatly oblige,
sir,
your most obedient servant,
CHARLES
To
I
in
way down.
you and obedient servant,
JOHN MOORE TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT.
DEAR SIR
:
Hope, Flag of Truce, Verplank's Point, 9th December, 1776.
Having obtained leave from Lord Howe
have been allowed
to wait
on
leave for in
my
to
family to
great hopes
I
JOHN MOORE.
them, Fishkill.
PHILIP
come up with a flag, in order to ask accompany me to New-York, I was
beg pardon for this liberty, am, very respectfully, your affec-
that I
or
P. S. Enclosed is a letter from Colonel Magaw, a gentleman with whom I had the pleasure to be acquainted formerly, and whom I attended during a severe fit of sickness He is now recovsince the surrender of Fort Washington. He politely gave ering, and I flatter myself past danger. me this letter, which 1 thought proper to lay before you.
the
to add, but to
to assure
either of them, at Fishkill.
On board
1156
the Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt ; in his absence the Hon. James Duane, John Jay, Robt. R. Livingston, Mr. Duer, or Anthony Hoffman, Esqrs., or either of
INOLIS.
Anthony Hoffman, Esquires,
1776.
To
Honourable James Duane, Esq., or in his absence the Honourable Robert R. Livingston, Charles Dt
Witt, William Duer, or
DECEMBER,
have not time
tionate
the
to
fcc.,
could
the honourable Convention
on that errand, but General Heath thinking it improper I should go forward, must apologize for the trouble of this letter. Being so happy as to be intimately connected with you by marriage, I must beg the favour of you, my dear sir, to solicit the honourable Convention in behalf of myself and family, that they will be so indulgent as to grant my wife liberty to come down with her child, servants, and house Your humanity, my dear sir, will plead for me, furniture. and I cannot but indulge the hope that the Congress will be favourably pleased to grant me this request. I take the of to that Mrs. Lewis you liberty mentioning (lady of the honourable Delegate at Philadelphia) and Mrs. Smith (wife of Mr. Smith) were last week permitted to go with their family and effects, flags of truce having come to demand them. The State of New-Jersey have also permitted many ladies to come from thence. I write this letter not certainly knowing you to be at the Convention, and therefore take the liberty of directing it in case of your absence, to some other gentlemen, with some of whom I have the honour of an intimate acquaintance, and of others I know so much as to depend upon their
humanity. The connection (though more distant) between Mr. Jay, Mr. Duane, and Mr. R. Livingston, and my wife's family, will, exclusive of my own character and the inoffensive line of my deportment, plead in her behalf, and obtain for me the only portion of happiness which these wretched times can in their nature afford me. Should the honourable Congress grant me this indulgence, I could wish for leave to go
myself to bring my family down ; indeed, ajt, present I know not where they are, whether at my father's, at West-Point, in the Highlands, or at her father's, at Poughbeepsie. If I cannot go myself, I earnestly entreat the favour of you to send this letter by express to my father-in-law, Jas. Livingston, Esq., Poughkeepsie, enclosed in a line from yourself, desiring him, should my wife not be there, instantly to
send this letter to her, desiring her to come down by land or water, with as much of her effects as she may be permitted to bring. I am obliged to repeat my earnest request to be allowed to wait upon you, on my way for
LIVINGSTON TO JAMES DUANE.
I.
Vrplank's Point, December
DEAR
9th.
am
thus far in a vessel with a flag of truce, SIR: with an intention of proceeding by land from hence to the I
Congress, to ask their permission
for
the removal of
my
family to New-York, in any way that tnay be most agreeable to them. As General Heath is averse to my going to
Congress without their express permission, allow me to ask the favour of your interposition and interest with the Congress for the removal of my family and their baggage to Neiv-York. As the season is far advanced, I must entreat your immediate application on their behalf, and that they may be indulged with a sloop for their removal, as women and young children will be exposed to great inconveniences in travelling so considerable a distance by land. As many difficulties will attend the removal of
my family presence, even if permission is obtained from the Congress, allow me further to entreat the permission of Congress to pass to them. Any restrictions or limitations
without
in
my
progress towards tbem, or during
my
stay with them,
my
I shall willingly submit to; besides, I wish once more to old friends, as I propose embarking for the Island of see
my
Jamaica as soon as a convenient opportunity
offers
;
and
am
therefore desirous (as far as may be) of adjusting my late You will easily conceive of how much official business. importance an allowance to pass to my family will be of to
must however submit to the decision of Congress. be glad Mr. Walter Livingston was acquainted with my intention of going to Jamaica, as I think he will
me. I
I
should
me before my departure. permitted to go from hence, be pleased An closed letter to Mrs. Livingston. which I shall most willingly defray the
In case
wish to see
I
am
answer by express, expense of, as soon
conveniently may be, will exceedingly oblige, dear your most obedient, humble servant, as
PHILIP
To
not
forward the en-
to
I.
sir,
LIVINGSTON.
Honourable James Duane, John Jay, Robert R. Livingston, Mr. Duer, and Anthony Hoffman, Esqrs., the
or either of them, Fishkill. If the desired permission is obtained, be pleased to furnish As she is Mrs. Livingston with the necessary passports. unacquainted with my design of going to Jamaica, I wish it may for some time be concealed from her.
GOVERNOUR TYRON TO REV. DR.
INGLIS.
Governour Tryon presents his compliments to the Rev. will be obliged to him if he will take charge for Mr. William Smith, and forward by the most publick opportunity that may offer while on his own business under the flag of truce, also the last newspaper,
Doct. Inglis, of a packet
herewith enclosed.
New-York,
4th
my family. am willing to go in any way the Congress or General may please, and am ready to pay the expense of one or
December, 1776.
I
more guards
accompany me. Enclosed are two letters from Mr. Elliot to Messrs. Duane and Jay ; to Mr. Duer also he
MR. ELLIOT TO JAMES DUANE.
Mr.
to
his
friends
desires his
hope that gentleman also, and any others at Congress, and who knows me, will solicit this favour for me. I need not say how highly I shall be obliged, and how much happiness it will afford a woman at I
compliments. who may be
Elliot presents his compliments to
Mr. Duane, and
much
obliged to him could he procure liberty for his son-in-law, Mr. James Jauncey, Jr., his wife and servant, to return to New-York. They are at present at Middletown, will
in
be
Connecticut.
To James Duane, New-York,
Esq., at Fishkill.
6th December, 1776.
present very unhappy.
Mr. Ph. I. Livingston is here on the same errand, as Mr. Inglis; and we have sent to General Heath a letter our favour, from
commanded
at
the
very worthy Colonel
Fort Washington.
also will be laid before you.
We
is
in
JACOB WATSON TO DANIEL BIRDSALL.
Magaw, who
hope
that
letter
New-York,
RESPECTED FRIEND quested thee not to
sell
12th
mo.
4th, 1776.
When 1 last wrote thee, my salt and molasses, which
I
:
I
re-
sent
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1157
now, as I expect these articles will be much of them at your neighbourhood, please to dispose the going price and lay the "money out in flax-seed, pork, The first I should prefer. I hope or good firkin butter. There is no purbushel. thee'll get it at four to thy care; but
wanted
in
per
shillings
chasers at any price. If any is already sold, please these articles.
A
line
from thee would
much
to
lay the
money
out in
&tc.,
DECEMBER,
and collecting the well-affected and curbing and overawing the disaffected subjects of the State of New-Jersey, and to concur in every other measure with them which may, in your opinion, contribute to the general welfare of America, raising
without at any time losing sight of the necessity of having open your return to the above passes in the Highlands.
To
General George Clinton.
oblige thy respectful friend,
LADY JOHNSON'S PASS.
JACOB WATSON.
To Daniel Birdsall,
Merchant
The
Fish-
kill, in
it
at Peekskill. is
LETTER FROM MURRAY, SIMPSON &
DEAR
SIR
:
Mr. Lindsey informs me
that
By
he had
left
the
To
all
order:
J OHN BARCLAY, Chairman.
concerned.
Albany, 10th December, 1776.
your care, with orders to dispose of some part of but as times now seem exceedingly precarious, we
in
goods
them would not wish ;
have any Continental on hand, therefore desire that you will not dispose of any of the goods until you If you have sold any of them, please hear further from us. to lay out the money in wheat or flour or staves, but by no means keep any on our account.
MURRAY, SIMPSON
&.
Co.
JACOB WATSON TO DANIEL TARBOSS. New-York,
RESPECTED FRIEND: When
I
12th
mo.
4th, 1776.
wrote thee, I rethy hands, as I intended last
quested thee not to sell my salt in have purchased pork in your County to barrel ; but as I expect it is an article which will be much wanted, I am willing thee should dispose of it for pork, flax-seed, or good to
If it is already sold, please to lay the out for flax-seed at the current price going.
of butter.
firkins
money
If I could be favoured with a line without giving any umbrage, would much oblige thy respectful friend,
JACOB WATSON. Daniel Tarboss,
at Fishkill
Landing.
LEVI DE WITT TO COLONEL CHARLES DE WITT. Newborough, December
LEVI
Colonel Charles
De
Witt,
Member
DE WITT.
of the Provincial Con-
gress, at Fishkill.
P. S. Notwithstanding the above, I am sensible of the favour done me by the former appointment as Quartermaster.
would recommend Charles Newkirk, Lieutenant under Lounsberry, as a Captain.
If Lounsberry resigns,
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON. December
Albany, 10th December, 1776.
SIR
10th, 1776.
You
:
Enclosed
tion I preferred to
is
transmitted a copy of the second petiHoratio Gates, praying a
Major-General compliance with the order of Congress for a Court of Inquiry on myself, together with a complaint against, and petition for the trial of, General Arnold, for the crimes therein mentioned, as also a copy of the answer, which I obtained with the copies herewith transmitted; difficulty, as will appear by which puts me under the necessity of troubling you on a subject which ought to have been considered and determined by a different tribunal, agreeable to the rules of war. I must therefore once more request a peremptory rule of Congress for my own as well as General Arnold's trial, at such time and place as the honourable Congress shall think proper to I must nevertheless take the liberty of observing, appoint. that I think myself to have been treated in a most extraordinary and singular manner; and should my treatment be adopted as a precedent in the Continental Army, Congress would have nothing to do but hearing the trifling complaints of the officers in their service. I must also request that proper provision be made for summoning, and compelling if need should be, such witnesses to attend the trial as shall be thought necessary. I
:
vant >
[Read December 26, 1776.]
10, 1776.
SIR Lieutenant Lounsberry, and (as he tells me) some more of the Captains of the Second Regiment, not serving, of consequence there will be some vacancies, and if it could Yet t leave be, would be glad that I might be appointed. it with and sir. your most obedient, humble ser; am, you
SIR
COLONEL BROWN TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
to
In haste, your real friends,
now
bearer, Lady Johnson, is permitted to go to order to apply for a pass to go to New-York; and thither unmolested. requested that she may pass
CO.
Philadelphia, 4th December, 1776.
1158
1776.
am,
sir,
with respect, your humble servant,
JOHN BROWN.
To
the Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Continental Congress, at Philadelphia.
To
Hon. HORATIO GATES, Esq., Major-General in the Army of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Commanding at ALBANY, humbly showeth: That in the month of February last, Brigadier-General Arnold transmitted to the honourable Continental Congress an unjustifiable, false, wicked, and malicious accusation in their service, against me and my character, as an officer at the time when I was under his immediate command. That had there been the least ground for such accusation, the author thereof had it in his power, indeed -it was his the
duty, to have brought me to a fair trial by a General CourtMartial in the country where the pretended crime is said to have originated. That I was left to the necessity of applying to Congress, not only for the
charge given
in against
me,
my own conduct with consequence of my application, I
are to assemble the Militia of your brigade as soon as possible, at Chester, in the County of Orange, and
but an order
march them from thence into the State of New-Jersey, if it can be done consistent with the security of the passes through the Highlands, which you are on no consideration
obtained a positive order of Congress to the then General commanding the Northern Department, for a Court of In-
:
to
ever to put it out of your power to regain. You are either to join Generals Lee or Gates, if they should command separate bodies in New-Jersey, to hang on the rear of the enemy,
provided they are now and shall continue to be in such places as will enable you to do it without endangering the loss of the above passes, the regaining of which you are ever to have If neither of those Generals should command such in view. separate bodies, or be
such a situation as will enable you safety of those passes, or should, after you had joined them, or either of them, make such a movement as will leave this State exposed, you are then to form a separate corps, and to cooperate with them to join
in
them consistent with the
as far as lays in your power, in distressing the
enemy, and
for
respect thereto.
a Court of Inquiry on
That
in
I might justify my injured character. quiry, before whom That the said order was transmitted to your Honour, at
Ticonderoga, in the month of August last, and notwithon my part, the order standing the most ardent solicitation That upon of Congress has not yet been complied with. to your Honour for a Court of rny renewing application my to refer me to the Board of War. Inquiry, you was pleased Thus I have been led an expensive dance from Generals to Congress, and from Congress to Generals, and am now referred to a Board of War, who, I will venture to say, have never yet taken cognizance of any such matter, nor do I think submission to your Honour, any part of their it, with great 1 therefore must conclude that this information, from duty. the mode of its origin, as well as from the repeated evasions
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1159
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1160
I fair hearing, is now rested on the author's shoulders. therefore beg your Honour will please to order BrigadierGeneral Arnold in arrest, for the following crimes, which I
and your answer, before Congress. Must therefore humbly request your Honour to give me your answer in writing. 1 am, sir, with respect, your most obedient, humble ser-
am
vant >
of a
ready to verify, viz For endeavouring to asperse your petitioner's character, in the most infamous manner. 2d. For unwarrantably degrading and reducing the rank :
1st.
conferred on your petitioner by his (General Arnold's) suto serve in an periour officer, and subjecting your petitioner inferiour rank to that which he had been appointed. 3d. For ungentlernan-like conduct in his letter to General Woostcr, of the 25th of January last, charging your petitioner with a falsehood, and in a private manner, which is on himself. justly chargeable 4th. For suffering the small-pox to spread in the camp
before Queiecfr, and promoting inoculations there
Continental
mand
Albany, 2d December, 1776.
SIR: Since you are so importunate for an answer in writing to your petition of yesterday, I think proper to acquaint you that I shall lay your petition before Congress, who will, when they see fit, give such orders as they think necessary thereupon. I
Army. his
interfering
and countermanding the orders of
superiour 7th. For plundering the inhabitants of Montreal, in direct violation of a solemn capitulation agreement entered into
with them by our late brave and worthy General Montgometernal disgrace of the Continental arms. ery, to the 8th. For giving unjustifiable, unwarrantable, cruel, and bloody orders, directing whole villages to be destroyed, and the inhabitants thereof put to death by fire and sword, without any distinctions to friend or foe, age or sex. 9ih. For entering into an unwarrantable, unjustifiable, and with Captain Foster for the exchange of partial agreement prisoners taken at The Cedars, without the knowledge, advice, or consent of any officer than those present with him spot.
10th.
For ordering
inoculation of the Continental
Army
at Sorel, without the knowledge of, and contrary to the intentions of, the General commanding that Northern Depart-
ment, by which
consequences ensued. llth. For great misconduct during his command, from the camp at Cambridge, in the year 1775, until he was superseded by General Montgomery, at Point-aux-Tremble, near Quebec. 12th. For great misconduct in his command of the Continental fleet in
fatal
Lake Champlain, which
occasioned the loss
For disobedience of the
orders of his superiour
offi-
by a commission from the Provincial Congress of the Province of the Massachusetts-Bay, and for disobedience of the orders of a Committee of the same Concers, while acting
gress, sent from that State to inspect into his conduct; and also for insulting, abusing, and imprisoning the said Commit-
as also for a treasonable attempt to make his ; escape with the navigators then at or near Ticonderoga, to the enemy at St. John's, which obliged the then commanding officer of Ticonderoga and its dependencies to issue a posi-
tee
tive order to the officers
commanding our
batteries at
Crown-
Point to stop or sink the vessels attempting to pass that post, and by force of arms make a prisoner of the said General Arnold, (then a Colonel,) which was accordingly done. JNO. Albany,
HORATIO GATES.
Saratoga, December 10th, 1776.
SIR
do myself the honour to enclose you sundry returns, which Colonel Wayne, agreeable to my orders, has just transmitted. Congress will perceive from those the strength of the garrison at Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, and how very capital our wants are in this I
:
quarter. I have every reason to believe that the troops at Ticon-
deroga and the other posts above will not tarry five days after the term of their inlistment is expired and what makes ;
more alarming is, the very little probability of rethem with others. Should that unfortunately be the placing
this the
who cannot fail of being minutely informed of whatever passes there, will most certainly possess himself of that fortress as soon as Lake Champlain is so frozen as to be rendered capable of carrying horses on the ice. Let me, therefore, most earnestly entreat Con-
case, General Carleton,
gress to take measures to prevent a disaster
which would be
attended with the most terrible consequences. I have written on the occasion to the Eastern States. I have urged the necessity of hastening up the troops; but I fear, unless application, which went by express on the 3d instant, enclosing the resolution of Congress of the 22d ultimo, is seconded by the order of Congress, it will be of little avail,
my
am
informed the levies are making very tardily, and march unless the corps are complete, for which they should not by any means wait, as there is now a plentiful stock of provisions at Ticonderoga, and nothing to fear from the enemy until the time I have menas
I
that the troops will not
thereof.
13th.
your humble servant,
his
officer.
on the
sir,
GENERAL SCHUVLER TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
gress.
For
am,
com-
of their usual allowance of provisions ordered by Con-
6th.
BROWN, Lieutenant- Colonel.
GENERAL GATES TO COLONEL BROWN.
the
in
JNO.
General Gates.
Lieutenant-Colonel Brown.
For depriving a part of the Arrny under
5th.
To
1st
BROWN,
Lieutenant- Colonel.
December, 1776.
tioned.
I
would repair
to Congress, but if I quit this quarof Ticonderoga is relieved, and the accident I dread should happen, the misfortune will be I am, therefore, under the disagreeable imputed to me. necessity of deferring my journey for some time. ter before the garrison
I
beg leave
Officer
is
left
to
inform Congress that not one General I therefore wish that some were
with me.
sent up, and hope, if General Gates cannot come, that General Arnold's business at Congress may be expedited for ;
be done, and great exertions to be used, in providing the various necessaries for the next camAnd although whilst I continue in the command I paign. shall most cheerfully devote every moment to this important business, yet I have too many affairs on hand to pay to each
much, very much,
is
to
proper attention. Colonel Baldwin and Major Stevens, who had obtained General Gates's leave of absence, called on me in their way down. I have given them orders to procure as many of the articles mentioned in their respective lists in the Eastern States as they possibly can, but I fear all they may be able to collect will be very trifling; nor do I expect that General Ward, to whom I have also wrote, will be able to give its
Albany, December 3d, 1776.
SIR: Having been put to the necessity to present your Honour with a petition yesterday, must beg your answer to the same. I
have the honour to be, with respect, your most obedient,
humble
To
servant,
D
T
T
.
.
,
,
JNO. DROWN, Lieutenant- Colonel.
General Horatio Gates.
me any
Albany, December 3d, 1776. sorry that necessity once more obliges me to trouble your Honour on the present occasion. I really thought that the petition which I gave you yesterday contained matters of so much importance, as either to entitle me
material aid. I must, therefore, entreat Congress send whatever they can from Pennsylvania. The articles marked A, I have taken measures to procure here, and hope to succeed. Since Colonel Warner called upon me, I have received a letter from Mr. Sherman, assuring me that Congress had resolved to let Colonel Warner raise a regiment, and
to the prayer thereof, or
me
to
SIR
:
I
the reason
am
why
it
was
satisfactory, the other
an answer
rejected
enabled
;
in writing, setting forth
as the
me
one would have been
to lay the petition at large,
urging
him money. Although such a letter is not a authority, I have nevertheless ventured to give a
to order
sufficient
warrant for half the bounty.
The
Colonel assures
me
he
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1161 can
raise a
fess that
in a few days. I must, however, conexpectations of his completing one at all are
regiment
my
Very little. Since the date of the Commissary's return, about one hundred barrels of flour have been sent across Lake George. I am informed that all the care is not taken of it that ought to be. The Commissary complains that he wants storehouses.
From me, who
the account that Lieutenant-Colonel Varick gives the troops to the is just returned from mustering
northward, the necessity of the most pointed instructions to the Paymasters is absolutely necessary. \ have long since requested of Congress to know who was to give these. Last winter I threw together my thoughts on the subject, but do not recollect whether I sent a copy to Congress or not. I
am,
sir,
To
them go home as fast will by this means save
The Continent they are able. pay and save their provisions, not to mention that the men will be able to take the field None of the troops, except earlier the next campaign. as
their
Colonel Ward's regiment, are engaged after the expiration of December. The time is almost gone; and whether it will not be for the good of the service to have the men discharged
from the hospital as fast as they are able and willing to go home, is submitted to the superiour judgment of General
Heath, by
his
most
respectful,
humble servant,
WILLIAM EDSTIS, General Hospital at Norwalk. Surgeon of the Honourable Major-General Heath. the
To
PH. SCHUYLER.
the Honourable
1162
1776.
are getting their health, and are willing to be discharged; and it will certainly be for the benefit of the publick to let
with great respect, your most obedient, humble
SerVant >
DECEMBER,
&c.,
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO THE MARINE COMMITTEE.
John Hancock.
On board
the
Warren,
five miles
below Providence,
December 10th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN CONNECTICDT COUNCIL OF SAFETY. At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety, December 10th, 1776 Present: His Honour the Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, William Williams, William Hillhouse, Nathaniel Wales, Jun., Benjamin Huntington, and Thomas
Three days ago the English
:
1400 in favour Voted, To draw on the Pay-Table for of Captain Harding, of the brig Defence, and for the use of said brig; to render his account. (Order given December 10th, 1776, delivered Captain Harding.) Voted, To give order to Prosper Wetmore, Esq., Sheriff, on Captain Harding's producing and lodging with him his
>
of about
fifty-four sail of transports and sixteen sail of men-of-war, arrived in this bay ; and two days ago they landed, I believe,
about four thousand troops, and took possession of the island of Rhode-Island, without opposition. The inhabitants of the town of Newport favoured their operation, I believe, too
The
come in, in order to prevent their thought it best to come up the riverflfter the fleet was within about two leagues of us, with the Warren, Providence, Columbus, brigantine Hampden, and sloop The inhabitants are in daily expectation of an Providence. attack on the town of Providence. I have got the ships in the best posture of defence we can make them, without they much.
Militia are
further operations.
Seymour, Esquires.
fleet,
)
I
deducting the charges of condemnation and all other expenses, and then one-twentieth part of the net proceeds of the avails of the ship and cargo, being the Admiral's part, settled by Congress, then the one-third of the remainder to
manned, which they are not more than half. ships can't come up that draw much more water than we do. If we get the ships manned, shall take some favourable opportunity, and attempt getting to sea with some of the ships but at present think we are of more service here than at sea without we were manned. I am, gentlemen, your most humble servant, ESEK HOPKINS.
be by him paid to Captain Harding
To
power-of-attorney from the officers and men on board the brig Defence, in the capture of the prize ship John, taken
by them and brought that
into
New-London, and condemned,
first
for his and brig's crew, their share in said prize, taking his receipts therefor, and to call upon Captain Bill for the bill of expenses, and to see all properly collected in order to make settlement. (Order given out December 13th, 1776.) Directed Prosper Wetmore, Esq., to pay to Captain 716 12s. I0d., of the State's money in his Harding
were
fully
We lay where the
;
the Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Marine Committee at Philadelphia.
that they are
683 7*. 2d., makes the hands, which, together with of 1400 contained in the order given as above, on
sum this
page, to Captain Harding. Voted, To order Captain Jabez Huntington, of Windham, to deliver to the Selectmen of Coventry, as town stock, twenty-five pounds of Powder, for the use of the Militia of Coventry, now marching towards Providence. (Order delivered
Eph'm Root, Esq.)
COMMODORE HOPKINS TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. On board the Warren, off Patuxet, December 10th, 1776. SIR: There is now at Providence of our men belonging to the fleet, Robert Relf, William Lenn, Philip Gordih, William Sceaner, Peter Cane, Pierce, J. Lambert, Jos. Merre, and five of the Cabot's people, with a number of others, which should be glad you will send with my officer, the Sheriff, or his Deputy, in order that they may be Nothing brought on board, where they will be of service. new transpires this day. I am your Honour's humble servant,
ESEK HOPKINS. DOCTOR EUSTIS TO GENERAL HEATH. Norwalk, December 10th, 1776.
SIR erable
Having under my care in number of the sick troops, I :
To
the Hon. Nicholas Cooke, Esq., Governour of the State of Rhode-Island, at Providence.
this place a very considthink it my duty to make
M.
you acquainted with their situation, that you may determine whether some measures cannot be taken which will be advantageous to the publick, and agreeable, at the same time, have
in
town of the new
levies
and Continental
troops about four hundred sick, a great proportion of which are convalescent, able to walk abroad, but not so well accruited as to be able to cope with the duties of the camp.
The new
levies, whose term of inlistment expires the 25th month, I recommended for discharges as fast as they chose to take them, and had friends to carry their recommendations to camp. They belonged principally to this State, and most of them had parents or friends to assist them in getting home. With the established troops the case There are many sick from the regiments is very different. who marched from Boston in the spring, who have borne the burthen of the campaign, who have no money and no friends; or if they have them, they are at such a distance that it is out of their power to serve them. Many of them
of
this
[Translation.]
Roxbury, December
GENTLEMEN
to the sick soldiers.
We
DE GAIAULT TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. 10, 1776.
came from France to this Continent with Mr. Couleaux, who will deliver you this, and many others, :
I
I thought, gentlemen, will see who we are. that I acted for the advantage of your affairs, in pursuing and to through your different
by which you
my
passing Philadelphia to hear of the armies, where probably they will be pleased takes in the grand cause for which lively interest my country I shall join General Lee, and from thence I contend.
journey
you
whose order I will take, and go to General Washington, has What services. him offer particularly determined my me to this conduct, is the report of an action being soon and of the great number of your brave countrywill
expected,
men now under to fiht,
and
to
arms, with whom I shall think myself happy be useful by the military knowledge I have
acquired. In regard to the letter of Dr.
Dubourg, and
to the
me-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1163
moirs included I shall not conceal from you that it is necesof what you ought to sary I should give you a just idea Dr. Dubourg is a man of great probity think on that head. and attachment for you he has a great deal of knowledge, hut full of this confidence, influenced by the rectitude of his ,
;
I fear, too, he yields his belief too easily, without examination, and that the constant study of his closet op-
heart.
in
poses
him the progress of experience, by which his zeal When I shall have the honour to see
suffer illusion.
may
I wait for this time of matters. you, I will give you a detail with impatience; until then 1 shall endeavour to employ permit me to call yours by myself usefully to my country
that
appellation that right. I
To
am,
;
sincere attachment to
my
it
DE
fee.,
gives
me
GAIAULT.
the General Congress of the United Stales
of America,
at Philadelphia.
Baltimore, December llth, 1776. nails by Mr. Speer, and have bought a parcel of the rum that was on board the schooner, about five hundred pounds worth and as soon as any of the vessels is to be sold, I will purchase the schooner or the brig, or both. I would have purchased the snow, but the best
SIR:
sent
I
you a parcel of
;
The
prize ship that came yesjudges thought her too old. terday is a very fine one for the Old France trade. Captain Martin will sail to-morrow without fail. Hands I have are so scarce it is almost impossible to get them. I am picking beef enough salted, I suppose, for some time. up all the pork I can for the Defence. Butter and cheese is very high. I think Captain Martin and hands will expend Please send me in wages and repairs two hundred pounds. fifteen hundred or two thousand pounds. Money is paid away surprisingly, but I can't do with less.
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH.
directed to acquaint the President of the honourable Congress of the sums advanced to the Sieur Gaiault, Chevalier, and Sieur Couleaux, on account of the Congress; which the enclosed resolve that I you'll perceive by honour to transmit to you.
have now the
am, sir, with great esteem, your Honour's most obedient, humble servant, J OHN A VERY, Deputy Secretary.
To
the honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis. P. S. Mr. Speer, Mr. Smith, Mr. Turnbull, or Captain Cook, will be good hands to send money by. Send it soon,
am
as I
O/LE SIEUR GAIAULT,
fyc.
Passed
16, 1776.
out.
CHAHLES THOMSON TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
I
NOVEMBER
servant,
:
am
Resolve on the Petition
1164
1776.
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
From your humble
Honourable John Hancock, Esq. I
DECEMBER,
fee.,
and sary for their journey to the Congress at Philadelphia, that the said sum be charged to the Continental account ; and that the Secretary be directed to acquaint the President of the Congress of the sum advanced to the said Sieur Gaiault, Chevalier, and Sieur Couleaux, on account of the Congress, that they may take such order thereon as they shall think best.
11, 1776.
President being necessarily engaged with his I have the honour to inform you that your letter of family, the 10th was duly received and laid before Congress, and to transmit
Resolved, That there be paid out of the Publick Treasury to the Sieur Gaiault, Chevalier, and to the Sieur Couleaux, the sum of sixty-six pounds thirteen shillings and four and carriages necespence, to enable them to procure horses
December
Philadelphia,
The
SIR:
I
am,
you a resolution of Congress passed your obedient, humble servant,
this
day.
sir,
CHA. THOMSON.
To
his
Excellency General Washington.
Resolve of Congress recommending a day of Fasting and Prayer. In Congress, December 11, 1776.
Whereas the just war into which the United States of America have been forced by Great Britain is likely to be still continued by the same violence and injustice which have hitherto animated the enemies of American freedom and whereas it becomes all publick bodies as well as private the Providence of God, and look persons to reverence up to him as the Supreme Disposer of all events, and the Ar;
WILLIAM THOMPSON TO RICHARD DEVENS. Stoughton, Tuesday morning, December 10th, 1776.
and travelled here last utmost night, and saw two of the Selectmen, who with the readiness have procured a carriage to transport the powder SIR: I
set out yesterday at sunset
to Attleborough.
It is
now ready
to
be loaded
in
the cart,
biter of the .fate of nations
and will be set out by ten o'clock this forenoon, in Mr. Blackman's cart, (one of the Selectmen,) who goes with it So doubt not it will have himself with an armed guard. I shall set out before, and and proper despatch security.
God
hope to see all at Attleborough this afternoon or evening. I am, sir, your humble servant, THOMPSON>
mend
WM
Richard Devens, Esq.
State of
New-Hampshire, Exeter, 10 December,
1776.
Having received certain intelligence that a large number of the enemy's ships had made their appearance at Rhode-Island, the General Court of this State have sent :
orders to the Colonels of our Militia to hold their respective regiments in readiness to inarch on the shortest notice to the relief of that State, if necessary,
and have
in
the
President of the Council.
the Honourable James
Bowdoin, Esq., President of the Council of Massachusetts State.
P. S. Major Philbrick can inform you that the General Assembly of this State have just passed a resolve for an embargo on our navigation, agreeable to the resolve of your State.
dred
to all the
the most earnest manner, recomthe United States, and particu-
members of
larly to the officers, civil and military, under them, the exercise of repentance and reformation ; and further, do require
other immoralities; of which all such officers are desired to take notice. It is left to each State to issue out Proclamations fixing the day that appears most proper for their several bounds. Extract from the Minutes :
CHARLES THOMSON,
Also, that orders have issued for the raising five hunfrom our Militia, to march forthwith to New-York,
the honourable the Continental Congress
Army
there.
:
The Memorial of LEWIS DE LINKENSDORFF, Adjutant of the
GERMAN Humbly
Battalion:
begs leave to refer to his petition lately presented
your honourable House, for advancing him six months' The duties of an Adjutant in the present situation of affairs can hardly be performed without a horse and some equipage, of which he has lately had the misfortune to lose a considerable part, and cannot afford to replace it without some advance. to
pay.
And your
memorialist, as in duty, Sic.,
men
to reinforce the
Secretary.
MEMORIAL OF LEWIS DE LINKENSDORFF.
To
servant,
MESHECH WEAHE,
To
The Congress do also, in
mean time
despatched the hearer, Major Samuel Philbrick, to Boston, to gain further intelligence of the enemy, and to transmit the same to us with the greatest despatch. 1 am, with all due respect, sir, your most obedient and
humble
the forgiveness of the many sins prevailing among all ranks, and to beg the countenance and assistance.of his Providence in the prosecution of this just and necessary war.
of the said officers of the military department the strict observation of the articles of war in general, and particularly that of said articles which forbids profane swearing and all
MESHECH WEAHE TO JAMES BOWDOIN. SIR
:
Therefore the Congress hereby Resolve, That it be recommended to all the States, as soon as possible to appoint a day of solemn Fasting and Humiliation, to implore of Almighty
LEWIS DE LINKENSDORFF. Philadelphia,
December
11, 177C.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1065
THOMAS WHARTON TO DANIEL OF
ST.
In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
THOMAS JENIFER. December
llth, 1776.
The present situation of this State makes it necesremove all the State prisoners from this city; and the honourable Board of War has advised us to send part to of confineyour care, to dispose of them in such safe place ment as you may think proper. In consequence of which a list of their names you have we have sent you annexed. have been very active and dangerous They SIR:
sary to
;
enemies to these States, and it is of great importance that Being apprised they be prevented from making an escape. of these facts, we have no doubt of your care and attention to have them secured. We are, sir, your humble servants. By order of CounCl1
:
THO. WHARTON,
To
President.
the honourable President of the Council of Safety of
Maryland.
SAMUEL CHASE TO CAPTAIN NICHOLSON. Wednesday morning, Philadelphia, December llth, 1776. SIR: It has been reported that you was coming up to One of the this city with a body of seamen and marines. three for the sea. The other is may be soon frigates ready You ready for a short voyage, if men could be procured. would render essential service if you could immediately come up with a body of seamen and an attempt might be made to bring round all the frigates here to Baltimore town. It cannot be doubted the Council of Safety would lend the hands belonging to the Defence for this very imYou will send an express to the Council portant service. of Safety. Not one moment is to be lost. I write this by ;
the order of Congress.
We
were informed yesterday morning that the enemy have certain Monday evening. intelligence just now, that the enemy were not there last It is night. reported and believed that some of their Light-Horse were seven miles above that place on Monday. Not one of the enemy are on the west side of the Delaware. It is believed that the main body of General Howe's were
We
at Burlington,
Army
is
at
of Trenton.
Maidenhead, about
six miles above, to the west five and six thou-
General Lee, with between
sand men, was at Morriss-Town last Sunday evening; he will join General Washington, who is with his Army opposite Trenton. The Congress will not quit this city but in the last exTo prevent false reports, publish the above. tremity. Inform Mr. Purviance that Mrs. Hancock will set off this
where I found a prisoner of the Forty-Second Regiment, who had been just brought in. He informed me that Lord Cornwallis was at Penny-Town with tsvo battalions of Grenadiers, and three of Light-Infantry, all British, the Hessian Grenadiers, the Forty-Second Highland Regiment, and two other battalions, the names of which he did He knew nothing of the reason of their not remember. being assembled there, nor what were their future intentions; but I last night received information from my Lord Stirling, which had been brought in by his scouts, which in some measure accounted for their being there. They had made a forced march from Trenton on Sunday night to Coryel's Stirling's post,
to Ferry, in hopes of surprising a sufficient number of boats had transport them ; but finding themselves disappointed,
marched back to Penny-Town, where they remained yesterFrom their several attempts to seize boats, it does day. not look as if they had brought any with them, as 1 was at one time informed. I last night sent a person over to Trenton, to learn whether there was any appearance of building any; but he could not perceive any preparations for a work of that kind ; so that I am in hopes, if proper
care
taken to keep
is
find
will
the crossing
was dated
at
in front; objection, had I a sufficient force to oppose them but as I have not at present, nor do I see much probability of further reinforcement, I have wrote to him in the most
would recommend
to
him
he could very soon
1
as a
JAS. NICHOLSON.
yours, &c.,
Mr. Authenbeck.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Referred 12 December to the Board of War.]
Head-Quarters, Falls of Delaware, 11 December, 1776.
had wrote you yesterday I received certain information that the enemy, after repairing Croswick's bridge, had advanced a party of about five hundred to Bordentoivn. SIR: After
By
I
their taking this route it confirmed me in have an intention to land between this
my
that they
delphia, as well as above, if they
have the honour
can procure boats
1 last night
directed
Commodore Seymour
opinion for that
to station
between Bordmtoivn and Philadelphia,
them
raise
of activity and to be,
spirit,
and I can recommend from what I have seen
;
with great respect,
^
sir,
your most
WABHIHGTOW
.
Trenton Falls, December llth, 1776.
DEAR
SIR
Your favour of
all
to give
the 8th instant,
by the Lightwrote Having you fully it came to hand, it is respecting my situation just before I shall only say that Philunnecessary to add much now. all is the question, object of the enemy's adelphia, beyond movements, and that nothing less than our utmost exertions will be sufficient to. prevent General Howe from possessing it. The force I have is weak and entirely incompetent to I must therefore entreat you to push on with that end. :
Horseman, reached
me
last night.
Your aid may give every possible succour you can bring. You know a more favourable complexion to our affairs. the importance of the city of Philadelphia, and the fatal of it. consequences that must attend the loss I
To
am,
Go. WASHINGTON.
&.C.,
Major-General Lee.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL THOMPSON. Trenton
and Phila-
purpose. his galleys
man
you
immediately sending off all the
Philadelphia.
am
expedition.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE.
I will assist Defence's hands that lays in your power. your officer that you shall think proper to send with them. Please to show this to Mr. Purviance, and conduct him on the occasion, that he may send word of to the Council of Safety. I shall make the best of my way to
I
all
of Foot, in addition to those already raised in Virginia. If Major Sheldon would undertake the command of a regiment of Horse on the Continental establishment, I be-
CAPTAIN NICHOLSON TO MR. AUTHENBECK. I
with
Major Sheldon, who commands the volunteer Horse from Connecticut, waits upon Congress to establish some mode of pay. I can only say that the service of himself and his troop has been such as merits the warmest thanks of the publick, and deserves a handsome compensation for their trouble. Whatever is settled now will serve for a precedent in future. From the experience I have had this campaign of the utility of Horse, I am convinced there is no carrying on the war without them, and I would therefore recommend the establishment of one or more corps, in proportion to the number
obedient servant,
In absence of Captain Cook,
me
pressing terms to join
Captain James Nicholson, Baltimore Town, Maryland.
to consider the necessity of
the craft out of their way, they a matter of considerable
another letter from General Lee last evening; Chatham, which 1 take to be near MorrisTown, the 8th of this month. He had then received my letter sent by Major Hoops, but seemed still inclined to hang upon the enemy's rear; to which I should have no
it
of him.
it
all
Delaware
difficulty. I received
be known that arms furnished to our Militia, but the want of them be no excuse. Your obedient servant, SAM'L CHASE.
Let
1166
1776.
the earliest intelligence of any appearance of the enemy on the Jersey shore. I yesterday rode up the river about eleven miles, to Lord
lieve
day.
DECEMBER,
fee.,
DEAR
SIR
:
Being
Falls,
December
desirous of effecting an
llth, 1776.
exchange of
as far as circumstances will admit of, I shall be prisoners much your transmitting to me, by the earliest
obliged by the names and ranks of the officers
opportunity,
who were
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1167
I presume you parole by General Carleton. have a list in which they are specified, and without which I cannot point out to General Howe the officers who should be discharged from their paroles, in lieu of those who have been and will be sent in by us.
released on
I
am, dear
sir,
with great respect, &c.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
Brigadier-General Thompson,
P. S. Your exchange for Governour Franklin has been proposed to General Howe, who has returned no answer as yet.
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. llth, 1776.
We
have three thousand men here at present but they are so ill shod that we have been obliged to halt these two days for want of shoes. Seven regiments of Gates's corps are on their march, but where they actually are, is not cerGeneral Lee has sent two officers this day, one to tain. inform him where the Delaware can be crossed above Trenton, the other to examine the road towards Burlington, as General Lee thinks he can, without great risk, cross the great Brunswick post road, and by a forced night's march make his way to the ferry below Burlington. Boats should be sent up from Philadelphia to- receive him. But this scheme he only proposes if the head of the enemy's column ;
The
pass the river.
actually
Province seem sanguine. remaining amongst 'em, considerable number. [The
Militia in this part of the If they could be sure of an army 1 believe they would raise a very
original is endorsed
I
DECEMBER,
was not so fortunate
" From General Lee."]
Morris-Town, December ye
would recommend
llth, 1776.
to you, if
;
Newark
Mountains, and come a route at a small distance from the river; but had better send an express to Springfield, seven miles west of Elisabeth-Town, where about one thousand Militia are collected to watch the motions of the enemy. Their subsequent motions must be for
directed according to circumstances.
CHARLES LEE, Major-General.
The gentlemen
P. S.
to
whom
you are to address yourFord, at or near Springfeld, or the Rev. James Caldwell, near Chatham. self for intelligence are Colonel
GENERAL SULLIVAN's ORDERS. December
The
whole
Army
to strike their tents
ing, at half past seven,
and
know
before.
After the
whom
should apply for leave to bring home my family and not learn what gentleman was vested with chief military command at Peekskill. Even after I I
furniture, but could
came
here and was told that your Excellency commanded was assured that it would be quite sufficient
you should see my letter to the honourable Convention, The above without any particular application to yourself. gentlemen, however, gave me to understand that the management and transaction of such matters is committed to you. This being the case, I could not be satisfied with my own conduct till I had assured your Excellency that my omission of addressing you on the occasion did not proceed from any want of deference or respect to you, but purely from not knowing the steps that were proper to be taken and I ;
natter
myself that
this
will
serve as an apology for the
omission.
The gentlemen above-mentioned intimated my family to come away
difficulty in suffering
that
some
might
arise
from an apprehension that they would give some information respecting the country to which I shall only say, that I am perfectly willing your Excellency should order an oath of secrecy to be administered to those of them who are ;
and I here solemnly promise, on word of a gentleman and a Christian, that so far from desiring them to violate their oath, I shall inculcate on them the sacredness of an oath in general, and their duty to observe this one in particular. Mrs. Antill was lately permitted by General Dickinson to come from Brunswick to New- York, on taking such an oath, and I believe she has Such precautions are certainly religiously observed it. to the years of discretion
;
the
am
of opinion that there is much better conveyed to both armies in this unhappy contest than could be given or communicated by women. My family have been absent from home near fifteen I am distressed beyond expression at the thought months. of their being absent another winter; and bringing them intelligence
you are at Ramapouch or Pompton, to take your route either by the Great or Little Falls if by the Great Falls, you may come by Hachquacknock. If by the Little Falls you may inquire I
:
as to
1168
best inquiry at New-York, I understood that the members of the Convention at Fishkill were the principal persons to
prudent, though I
GENERAL LEE TO GENERAL HEATH. SIR
1776.
at that place, I
Prisoner.
Morris-Town, December, y
which
&c.,
11, 1776.
to-morrow morn-
to parade in order to
march by
eight.
Hitchcock's brigade to march in front, Colonel Glover in the centre, and Colonel Seargent in the rear. The wagons to march between the centre and rear brigades.
home is, believe me, the only object I have in view, without the least desire or intention of interfering with either military or political matters. Women have liberty to remove with their children, servants, and effects, from New-York. I flattered myself that the Convention and officers in the Con-
would grant a similar indulgence to such would choose to move from the country to NewYork; and I cherished the hope of such an indulgence to my family, the rather as I had been instrumental myself in assisting some families to remove from New-York to their friends who were engaged in the Continental cause. The brave are no less distinguished by their humanity than their valour; and I am persuaded of you, sir, to use the words of " That Alexander, commonly called the Great you do not make war on women or captives." If you are a husband and a father, your own bosom will tell you what mine must feel at this time by the absence of a wife and three helpless infants so long, and on the prospect of leaving them among tinental
women
service
as
strangers in such calamitous times.
Place yourself
in
my
one moment, and I only appeal to the feelings of Yet far be it from me to your heart to decide on my case. desire you would in the least depart from what you conceive
situation
The same
to be your duty. I only request that after taking such precautions as prudence dictates to prevent injury to yourself, you would permit the innocent, the feeble, and helpless, to take sanctuary in the arms of those who love and would
The
willingly protect them.
General McDougle's brigade is annexed to Colonel Seargent's, and to be commanded by him till further orders.
order of march to be observed as yesterday. Adjutants immediately to make proper returns of the troops to the Brigade-Majors, and they to the
Deputy
Adjutants-General. In case an attack should be attempted by the enemy in our front, Hitchcock's and Glover's are to form the brigades
Hitchcock on the right and Glover on the left. Seargent to form a second line in the rear, and parade the baggage wagons in a line in his front. first
line,
The distance at which my family is at present is so great, and there will be so many difficulties in removing them, that if I had liberty now to remove them, it would not be possible for them to be here in less than ten days. This circumstance makes me the more anxious that the matter should be speedily determined, as from the advanced season we may expect the North River will be closed by ice near that time.
REV. CHARLES INGLIS TO GENERAL HEATH. Verplanck's Point, December 11, 1776.
SIR: Majors Huntington and Pullen favoured me with a visit to-day, and gave me information concerning the mode of procedure in accomplishing the business on which I came here, (and with which your Excellency is now acquainted,)
Two gentlemen, Mr. Philip Moore, are concerned with me
I.
in
Livingston and Mr. John the flag of truce, and are
here with the same intention to bring home their families. have read this letter to them, and they beg that your Excellency would consider what I say of my case as applicable I
Mr. Livingston desires me to inform you exactly to theirs. that he intends speedily to remove from this Continent to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1169
in the West-Indies, where he has an makes him the more anxious to remove his proposes to carry them with him.
Jamaica,
estate,
which
family, as he
hope you will excuse any inaccuracies that may be in which is written in the dark cabin of a schooner that is agitated by wind and tide. I have the honour to be, sir, your Excellency's most obedient and most humble servant, [
this letter,
CHARLES
INGLIS.
His Excellency General Heath.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Haverstraw, December
DEAR GENERAL
I
:
received your orders night before last
brigade, and yesterday noon the three regiments at Peekskill began their march, making about five hundred men, which are now here. I have ordered Huntington's and Tyler's to join me. They may make about three hundred men, after leaving a Captain and fifty men as a guard at the pass in the moun-
Colonel Vose, with Greaton's, Bond's, and Porter's, is now seven miles advanced. I have sent to him to halt until I come up, unless he should have received orders for his conduct either from your Excellency, General Lee, or He has about five hundred men, which will make Gates. in the whole about thirteen hundred men. tains.
I find the inhabitants to be in the utmost distress the Tories are joining the enemy, and insulting and disarming the Whigs, stripping them of their cattle, effects, Sic. Com;
plaints, petitions, &ic., are continually presenting for relief;
and the greatest complaints are from Orange-Town, CleckyTown, and the neighbourhood of Hackensack. I cannot pass,
without securing
therefore,
think, therefore, to
Paramus,
to
move by
the
this
way
I
neighbourhood.
of
Orange-Town and
curb the disaffected; and
if
by any means
it
should appear that the enemy have not a body of troops at Fort Lee or the English Neighbourhood, and but a small
detachment it
at
Hackensack,
should be possible.
I
to
endeavour
to
should be glad to
dislodge them,
if
know your Ex-
cellency's further pleasure. On Saturday last a schooner with a flag came up the river, with the Rev. Charles Inglis and one Mr. Moore on board, to solicit of the Convention their families, which are
now
at Fish-Kills, or in that I vicinity. gave orders for the flag to be treated with the utmost politeness and respect, and at the same time with as I have for,
great precaution. bid their going up either by land or water, and have stopped the vessel below the ferry. I sent the letters to the Convention after examination, and have wrote to them that I shall not consent to either of the persons going to Fish-Kill, or to their families being permitted to be sent to the city, as it appears to me that the cause may receive injury thereby. Distrust is the mother of security.
The consent
flag waits shall not
an answer from the Convention but my be given unless directed by your Excel-
I have ordered the galley to lie near the schooner, and to keep her boals rowing round her all night. The men-of-war have sailed down the river. I have the honour to be, with great respect, your Excellency's most humble servant,
W. HEATH.
his
Excellency General Washington,
Albany for the use of the troops at Ticondcroga. The of them was brought down here from the furnace yesterday, and with some difficulty I have engaged a sloop to bring them to Albany, if they can possibly get up this far on account of the season. She will go off to-night or tomorrow morning. have but a small garrison here at present, consisting of companies of my regiment, except the artillery, and many of them without shoes and other necessary clothes. They have received no pay since the 1st of August last; and if they had money there is no clothing nor shoes to be I
five
The chief of Captain Swartwout's company insists that their times were out the first of this instant, and their officers acknowledge it to be so. Five of his company went off this morning without leave, almost barefooted. I have sent a party after them; but if they are taken they will be of no service here, and many more of them without shoes, and some other necessaries, which, if would serve a while they were provided with, I believe they
longer contentedly
if
;
in
not,
away freezes, some safe place. I have this day ordered sloops and rafts in the Puplopen creek, for fear of the
and brought the
fire
to
and all the iron chains, &c., belonging to them, will have carted up and put in store. Captain Israel Smith tells me he has no Ensign in his company as yet, and he is desirous to have Isaac "A. Rosa, who is at present an Ensign in Captain Jackson's company, Mr. Smith to me to recommend appointed in his. applies him to Congress. I believe he is a good young fellow, and will make a good officer; but Mr. Smith is rather better acquainted with him than I am, and if he had not a good opinion of him, he would not be desirous of having him appointed. They both belonged to one company before. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant, ice;
JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General. Excuse haste and
To
incorrectness.
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt, President of the Pro-
the
vincial Congress, State of
New- York,
ORDERS FOR SECURING SERGEANT TRIPP AND OTHERS. Peekskill, 11 December, 1776.
SIR
You
:
will take
into
your custody Sergeant Tripp, Sergeant Hathenvay, Corporals Sears and Gray, of Captain Ford's company, Colonel Brewer's regiment of Artifiof cers, and them safely keep they being
the Captain of the
Main Guard.
llth, 1776.
:
arrangement, which to trouble
ment that
the
in it is
is
not the case, I have taken the liberty
your Honour with
this,
Bay Government not
left to
your Honour
therefore
is,
that
if
to
knowing there
is
a re^i-
and being informed nominate the Colonel, my filled,
you should think proper
to
bestow the command on me, I shall exert my utmost abilities to serve my country, and consider myself obligated in the very highest manner to your Honour. I arn, with due respect, sir, your Honour's most obedient
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT. Fort Montgomery, December 11, 1776. of the 8th I received by Mr. Leonsend up a parcel of stoves and sheet-iron
humble servant,
GENTLEMEN: Yours
III.
December
As your Honour was pleased some time ago to recommend me as proper to command a regiment, and as you may imagine 1 have been placed in that station by the new SIR
request
G'l.
Major-General Heath.
VOL.
plunder-
guilty
EBEN. HUNTINGTON, Deputy Adjutant-General.
Peekskill,
SIR:
servant,
FIFTH SERIES.
Fishkill.
COLONEL BREWER TO GENERAL HEATH.
General Lee therefore recommends that you order a large quantity of the above-mentioned articles on after the Army. Your most obedient and very humble
to
would be
it
My
To
By order of General Lee, I beg leave to inform you that we have no rum for the soldiery" and but very little flour. As the Army is continually increasing, I am apprehensive that the Army must suffer.
me
opinion
situation is not very agreeable here at present, as I can't get business to go on to my mind, on account of the new arrangement and the inlisting of men ; for the officers that are appointed are inlisting as fast as they can ; and those that are left out is not so forward as I could wish, on account of it. But without shoes and some clothing, we will not be able to keep up our guard and get firewood, and do the other I think it would be best that necessary duty of a garrison. the chain was taken from here before the river
Head-Quarters, Morris-Town, December llth, 1776.
ard, desiring
my
better to discharge them. I wish there could be some shoes and stockings sent here for the men. The value of them should be stopped out of their wages.
at Trenton.
ALX'D SCAMMELL, D. A.
1170
last
COLONEL SCAMMELL TO GENERAL HEATH.
MUCH RESPECTED
1776.
to
;
lency.
To
DECEMBER,
purchased here.
llth, 1776.
march of General Parsons 's
for the
itc.,
To 74
the
J. JOREWER. Hon. William Heath, Esq., Major-General.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1171
MATTHEW CANTINE TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Fishkill,
am New-York to SIR:
by which
it
will
appear that
we have made
every
by a letter received last night from General Heath, that he is ordered over to the west shore ; by reasons of which the most important passes in America will be left unguarded, Your Exthough within a short distance of the enemy. cellency must be fully satisfied, that though they, by marching through the flat country, may distress the inhabitants, yet that measure will be productive of nothing decisive; whereas the fate of this country will probably
depend upon their occupying the State of New-York, We which is now in a great measure abandoned to them. must therefore take the liberty to entreat your Excellency to countermand an order which, in our bumble opinion, is putting every thing to the hazard, and leave the northwest-
and leave
in
be inclined to grant this favoured with your immediate suffering our Militia to march,
this IJtate entirely defenceless,
and thus abandon,
will
Heath, entirely vanished. I have the honour to be, with great respect, your Excelmost obedient servant. lency's order
fit
for the
horses at present my company staying here greatly augments the publick cost, and at present, as I apprehend, are
of no service.
My company being small, would humbly pray you, gentlemen, to discharge me and company, or give a furlough to me and company, and send a despatch to Governour Trumlull of your proceedings, which I am ready to forward ; but if you judge not best to grant my directions, as you in your judge I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect, your most
wisdom
shall
bumble
obedient,
To
best.
servant,
RULUFF DUTCHER, Captain. New- York. men of business, are very company being
the honourable Convention of the State of
uneasy
My
to stay here
under present circumstances.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO COLONEL LIVINGSTON. Fishkill, llih
[Secret.]
SIR:
made
It
is
apprehended
MATTHEW CANTINE, pro
t.
Chairman.
His Excellency General Washington.
December, 1776.
that a successful attack
against such of the
consisting of Rogers''s
:
me some
request, please to give
N. B.
pardon the freedom with which we Our sanguine hopes of creating a diversion by the write. means pointed out in the enclosed resolves, without endangering the safety of this State, are, by the order to General
By
home, as you judge
I have sent scarce, hardly to be purchased at any price near ten miles round and cannot get any suitable grain for
with ourselves, the cause of America.
Your Excellency
to
best. As my men are not winter season, and some of them are a mind to go into the Continental Army, and some of my company being already discharged and gone to work at building barracks in this place, forage for horses being very
return
clothed
If your Excellency should not
request, we must beg to be answer, that sve may not, by
1172
to you,
exertion in favour of our sister States which our present situation will admit. But we are extremely sorry to find
ern parts of the State of New-Jersey to be strengthened the way proposed by the within resolutions.
1776.
Major Sheldon for orders. He says I must John Canfield, Esq., our Adjugentlemen. apply tant, lias informed me by writing, that General Lee, when applied to, refused giving any orders, as my company were at the disposal of the Convention; and says you, gentlemen, have a right to order said company into business, or to have sent
I
11, 1776.
directed by the Convention of the State of transmit to your Excellency the enclosed
I
resolves,
December
DECEMBER,
&c.,
may
be
not solely enemy, principally Rangers, as are now ravaging withif
out restraint or remorse the suffering inhabitants of the County of West-Chester. I am therefore directed to reif it is any wise consistent with your instructions Excellency General Washington, immediately to repair to that State, with the troops under your command, in order to cooperate with the forces which are imbodying for this expedition. I need not add that no time is to be lost, as the operations of the enemy in New-Jersey give a favourable opening for a sudden and vigorous enterprise, which we have no reason to expect can be of long continuance. 1 am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant.
quest you,
from
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL HEATH. Fishkill,
December
llth, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of yesterday, with the several delaid before the Committee spatches enclosed, were this day I am directed to inform you that they highly of Safety. have used with respect to of the approve precaution you the flag of truce, and which you will be pleased to continue until we have had time to consider of the applications men-
tioned in the despatches. They are now under the consideration of a Committee, and I hope a decision will take
his
By
order.
Colonel Henry B. Livingston.
place to-morrow.
The defenceless condition to which the Highlands will be reduced on your withdrawing the Continental troops, Ardently as we wish to cogives us very great concern. operate with General Washington, in opposing the progress of the enemy in our sister State of New-Jersey, we are compelled, by a regard for the publick safety, to direct our Militia,
who were
before ordered to
march
into that State,
We
to be reserved for the security of the Highlands. at the same time despatched an express to General ington, requesting that you and the troops you more diately
command, may be
stations.
We
directed
this request will.
hope
have
Washimme-
to resume your late meet with your appro-
bation. I
GRESS. Fishkill, lllh
SIR
:
The Convention of the
December, 1776.
State of New-York, alarmed
at the rapid
progress of the enemy, and not without apprehension for the safety of Philadelphia and New-Jersey, waited with anxiety for directions from the honourable the Congress, or requisitions from his Excellency General Wash-
ington; which having not yet been happy enough to receive, owing, as they imagine, either to the confusion occasioned by the retreat of our Army, or the little hopes that was entertained of any assistance from a State which had sustained
many and such severe losses, they therefore ventured to pass the enclosed resolutions, which appeared to them the most likely means to rouse the depressed spirits of the Militia of New- Jersey, to curb the disaffected, and divert the attention of the enemy from their principal as far as it is so
am, with great respect,
By
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO PRESIDENT OF CON-
sir,
your most obedient servant.
order:
MATTHEW CANTINE, pro Peekskill. Heath, Major-General
t.
Chairman.
CAPTAIN DUTCHER TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
GENTLEMEN
.
Fishkill, December ye nth, 1776. of October last the Hon. JonaGovernour of the State of Connecticut,
The 22d
object, consistent with the safety of this State, on which, in a great measure, depends that of all America, and to the attack of which the enemy will most undoubtedly return, if their de-
These they signs are frustrated in New-Jersey. meet with the approbation of Congress.
hope
will
than Trumbull, Esq upon a desire from his Excellency General Washington, ordered Elisha Sheldon, Major of the Fifth Regiment of Light-Horse of the State of Connecticut, to march with said
They some time since represented to the honourable the Congress the impossibility of finding clothing for the troops raised in this State, owing to the enemy's possessing their only sea-port, and a variety of other causes, stated in a letter
regiment to this place, here to wait General Washington's orders; then was ordered to march to the White-Plains, and I with my company were left to the direction of this Convention, where we still remain.
to their Delegates, of the might be issued to supply
,
last,
praying that orders
them from the Continental
store.
This request they take the liberty to repeat, otherwise the new levies which they are daily raising must become useless,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1173 and be unable
campaign, which, in all be called upon to undergo. As much probability, they clothing has been purchased in the Eastern States, they canto sustain a winter's will
at
procured.
have the honour
to be,
sir,
with the utmost respect,
yours, &tc.
To
the Honourable
John Hancock, Esq.
Colonel DUBOIS'S recommendation for Officers, December 11, 1776. Captain James Stewart.
Lieut. Col., Jacobus S. Bruyn.
Major, Jacob Morris. Aid-Major, Levi Paulding. Lieutenant, Colonel Dubois. do. Ensign, do. Sergeant,
Lieutenant, Henry Dogg 2d Lieutenant, Samuel English
Ensign, Edward Weaver Captain, Wm. J. Smith, Jun
Swarthout's Regiment.
Colonel Graham's Regiment. Captain, Brinton Pain Lieutenant, Henry Vandenburgh.. .Lieutenant, Col. Dubois's do. 2d Lieutenant, James Butts Lieutenant, Col. Graham's do. Ensign, Thomas Lewis. Captain, Amos Hutchinson 1st Lieutenant, Patten Jackson 2d Lieutenant, Jeremiah Clark Ensign, Henry Vanderburgh
Rikeman's Regiment.
Thomas
hope
succeed, and I move downward in about an hour, with the I beg your Honour will send residue of the party. over, as soon as possible, at least two hundred or two hundred and men. The country from Tappan is all in arms. On fifty
Sunday they were called together, and had King's arms and ammunition delivered out among them. Whether there is any of the enemy's regular troops below, about Fort Lee and English Neighbourhood, I cannot find out, and I really
my party insufficient to take post at Tappan; but our friends are so distressed thereabouts that I think it an indis-
think
Captain, Colonel Swarthout. 2d Lieutenant, Dubois. 2d do. Dubois.
J. Brinkle
2d Lieut., John Formen Ensign, Nathaniel Buchem.
them barefooted; so after the
2d Lieutenant, Col. Graham. Sergeant, Colonel Humphrey. 2d Lieutenant, 2d in Clinton.
up is one of their Captains, and Parcells, the Tory prisoner which accompanied the negro, was one of their guides I have thought it my and spy. duty to remind your Honour of the near approach of my people's being disbanded, that we may be able to effect something before, and that a party may be here to supply our duty; which, be assured,
W. MALCOM.
Adjutant. Quartermaster.
is
having the
command
of the
first
company
both years; and for every thing that I can to acceptance, both to officers and men.
in
the regiment
tell,
have served
The
last year I Ticonderoga, being myself so unwell that the General blamed me for exposing my life but the cause of my country to the degree that I did that I was willing to hazard my life lay so near my heart,
marched with
to
my company ;
and fortune.
when
I
in so glorious a cause.
took a company,
I
no such thing being done constantly rising above me
And
the last spring,
then was promised for
me, and
my
my
rank; but
inferiour officers
rank, hath almost worn out my patience of serving any longer; but although I leave the service, I cannot quit the cause, which I am sure is so just in
I would, therefore, and righteous. gentlemen, be glad if take would my cause into your wise consideration; and you what you in your wisdom shall think proper to bestow upon me in my proper rank, will be gratefully received and acknowledged by your Honours' most humble servant, DANIEL, GRIFFING.
To
the honourable Congress at Fishkill.
COLONEL MALCOM TO GENERAL HEATH. Clerk-Town, December llth, 1776.
SIR:
had the honour
to receive
your letter of the 9ih which, very fortunately, was answered by mine of same date, which I sent under cover to
upon
I
my way
to this place,
S
PERMIT TO GO TO FISHKILL.
Jude Bruce,
is permitted to go to Fishorder to apply for a pass to go to New-York; and it requested that she may pass thither unmolested.
By
To
all
order:
JOHN BARCLAY, CAatrman.
concerned.
Albany, 10th December, 1776.
I
I sustained two of the last campaigns, and have served two years in the same capacity,
bearer, Mrs.
kill, in
Col.
of my usage, and leave it to your wisdom proceedings and whether my usage has been agreeable to my deserts. Gentlemen, I was in seven or eight campaigns the last war, and served from a soldier to a Captain of a company, I
General Heath.
MRS. BRUCE
The
understanding that I am neglected in the last appointments by not being duly represented, I would therefore take upon myself to inform your Honours of my
offices
very necessary, at least for the present.
have the honour to be, with due respect, your Honour's much obliged and most obedient servant,
Paymaster. Surgeon.
DANIEL GRIPPING TO NEW-YORK CONGRESS.
war
appears over the Tory ground, are recruiting from Hacken-
to run
Humphrey.
LEWIS DUBOIS,
in this
hope before Monday
and scatter their gangs. They sack, round by Pyramis, to Tappan, and even up towards llingwood. The owner (one Peck) of the negro fellow I
Sergeant.
John McClaghry
which
that I really do not think they can stay If the reinforcement
middle of the month.
The Honourable
Ensign, Arch'd Thompson Dubois John Coates Dubois Henry
:
people are
I
Captain, Thomas Lee. 1st Lieutenant, Henry Polling 2d Lieutenant, Samuel Dogg
GENTLEMEN
I
to-day,
sir, is
Captain, Philip Dubois. 1st Lieutenant, John Burnet. 2d Lieutenant, Ebenezer Mott Ensign, Jacobus Sleght
My
now almost unfit for duty, on account of their clothes, and so much marching as we have had this way hath rendered
sent
do. do. do. Ensign, do. Sergeant, Colonel Swartwhout.
Henry Goodwin
1st Lieut.,
1174
pensable duty to attempt supporting them.
Captain, Jacobus Rosekrans.
Captain,
1776.
I sent off quarters but what is brought by my scouts. three o'clock this morning fifty men and three officers, with design to surprise a Tory guard-house. I they'll
my
thousand troops may be immediately sent to this place, which, in order to prevent delays, the Convention will undertake to get made up and distributed, if none that is already I
DECEMBER,
Colonel Hay, and I hope was duly forwarded. Your Honour very justly observes that I am " almost in an enemy's I cannot get intelligence ountry." beyond the circle of
not but hope that sufficient supplies to clothe at least two
made can be
&c.,
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT. Saratoga, December 11, 1776, eight o'clock in the evening.
am
this moment honoured with yours of the 8th wish it was in my power to send down any considerable body of troops, agreeable to the request of the Committee of Safety. The garrison at Tyconderoga, which
SIR
:
instant.
I
I
had supposed to consist of twenty-five hundred men, is reduced by sickness, &tc., to less than seventeen hundred. None of the other Northern posts are garrisoned by more than a hundred men, and, what is much worse than all, I I
have every reason to believe that not a man will remain at any of the fortresses after the last of this month, except Dayton's and BurrelVs regiments, who are engaged to the 19th of January, and both together amount to only four hundred and thirty effectives so that what few recruits have been raised in this quarter will be absolutely wanted to the northward, and indeed, unless the Eastern States, to whom I have wrote by express on the 3d instant, send up a body of troops, Tyconderoga will not remain in our possession until spring, as General Carleton will be minutely informed of whatever passes there, and doubtless improve every advantage. My apprehension on this head I have communicated to Congress in a letter of yesterday, which goes by this express, and have requested them to back my application to In this situation of affairs it would be the Eastern States. highly imprudent to draw any men from this communication. I shall, however, order Colonel Nicholson with his corps from Johnstoivn, where he may be wanted this winter. I am astonished that General Washington should not be better supported by the States of New-Jersey and PennsylIt vania. appears as if they ntended to give up the cause; and I am equally surprised that Congress should have moved until there was the utmost necessity. Such a step cannot fail of giving a most general alarm. ;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1175 enclose
my letter to Congress under flying seal, for the the of Committee. They will see that it contains perusal information which ought not by any means to be known to I therefore wish to have it forwarded the enemy. by a very I
safe hand,
and by such
bability of
its
1
a route as to take away every probeing intercepted by them. . with great respect and esteem, your most obe-
am, sir, humble servant,
dient,
PH. SCHUYLEH.
Honourable Pierre .Van Cortlandt, Esq., Vice-President.
Governour and Council of Safety, 1776 Present: His Honour the Governour, Eliphalet Dyer, Jabcz Hiiiitinifton, William Williams, William Hillhouse, Nathaniel Wales, Jun., Thomas Seymour, Benjamin Hunt-
At
a meeting of the 11,
ington, Esquires.
To draw
an order on the Pay Table for the sum favour of Captain Theophilus Sianton, it being the balance due in full settlement of his Pay Rolls and amounts of the galley Shark, whilst in service of the Foted,
674
of
2s.
3d.,
in
command. (Order drawn and delivered publick under his Captain Sianton, December llth, 1776.) Whereas Ralph Isaacs, of New-Haven, on complaint before the General Assembly of this State, at their session at
New-Haven
in
October
acting in divers instances
last, for
leave to return to directed
and the United States, was by said Assemremove to the society of Eastbury, in the bly town of Glastenbury, there to abide and remain under the direction of the Authority and Selectmen of said town; and unfriendly to this sentenced to
to a special Assembly since held at Hartford, application the said Isaacs was indulged the liberty of the town of or such other place as the Governour and
Glastenbury, Council of Safety should think proper; and whereas the said Isaacs has made his application to this Board, for special
his being still in a very ill state reasons therein given, viz of health, and his need of the help of his physicians, and has a farm at Branford, from whence he must partly draw
1176
England by the most
early conveyance,)
Commodore Hotham
(agreeable to my instructions from the Vice Admiral) to proceed with his Majesty's frigates the Brune, Mercury, and King-Fisher, and also all 1
the transports with the troops under the command of Lieutenant-General Clinton, (the Grand Duke of Russia exof cepted, which was judged to be too large,) by the
way
the Sound, whilst I proceeded with the great ships, some frigates, and the last-named transport, by Sandy-Hook, to the southward of Long-Island. and on the 5th joined Commodore
I
sailed
Hotham
the 1st instant, the Sound, in
in
a place he had judiciously chosen for the protection of the transports against the violence of a strong N. W. wind, which blew the night before. The 6lh I
turned clown with the
fleet, to
of our
At
which the town of Durham would be much more convenient, praying that he might have liberty of residing in the town of Durham, &,c.; wherehis supplies for support, to both
hereby granted to said Isaacs, when his health upon liberty will permit, to be removed to the town of Durham instead is
of Eastbury, and under the same restrictions of the Authority and Selectmen of the town of Durham as was to those of the town of Glastenbury, during the pleasure of the General
This day was chiefly
spent in writing Letters to General Wooster, Governour Cooke, and others, on the publick concerns of the present
destination.
four
be as near as possible the place the next morning the wind
sprung up at W. S. W., and by three o'clock in the afternoon the whole fleet came to an anchor off Weaver's Cove, The following morning, Captain Caulfield Rhode-Island. (who had the direction of the flat-boats) landed all the troops without opposition; and I have the pleasure to inform their Lordships, that Rhode-Island, with the isles adjacent, are now in possession of General Clinton. Captain Wallace, of the Experiment, led the fleet by the An arrangement was made west of Narragansett passage.
covering the transports but we only passed two works, without guns,' and intercepted a brig of one hundred and for
;
Experiment took,) laden with pipes and hogshead staves and beeswax. On the first appearance of the fleet, three Rebel privateers, of thirty-four, thirty, and twenty-eight guns, went up from Newport to Providence, where they are now, with several others and I shall hope to put an effectual stop to any further mischief from the nest General Clinton sends one of his Aids-de-Camp of Pirates. in the Mercury, with his despatches, and I have directed Captain Montague to send his Lieutenant express with Enclosed is a list of the Rebel privateers at Provimine. sixty tons, (which the
;
:
Assembly or this Board. Lebanon, December llth, 1776.
1776.
Black-Point Bay,
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY. December
DECEMBER,
&c.,
commonly
dence, I
am,
called the Continental
fleet.
&tc.,
sir,
P. PARKER.
A List of Rebel Ships and Privateers at PROVIDENCE, commonly called the Continental Fleet. Warren, Hopkins, and John Hopkins, commanders,
thirty-two guns.
Providence,
guns.
Columbus,
Abraham
Otney, thirty JVnipple,
eighteen
guns.
Blarze Castle, Monro, twenty-two guns. Ship A brig, Jane Chase, (privateer,) twenty six-pounders. twelve guns. Sloop Providence, Hoisted Hacker, twelve S uns '
P. PARKER.
Chatham, Rhode-Island, December
1], 1776.
&c.
times,
TO THE PUBLICK.
At
GOVERNOUR TRUMBCLL TO JAMES BOWDOIN. Lebanon, llth December, 1776.
SIR: Enclosed are copies of a
Committee of Safety observation.
for
and resolve of the
letter
the State of
New-York,
for
your
Agreeable to their request, four battalions are till the 13th of March, designed for the Con-
raising here tinental service to the
westward.
Major-General Wooster
now at Saw-Pitts, with about seven hundred and fifty men from this State, and he will have orders to call in more
the present day there seems to be a very extraordinary dullness and inattention to the present state of our publick " affairs ; each one seems to be looking for gain from his and all striving to be beforehand with each other quarter," in raising the price of the necessary articles of consumption us. The merchants (many of them) first engross the saleable commodities, and then set their price as pleases The farmer, finding the rig they run, sets such a them.
among
is
The
of the Militia from the western regiments. ertions
no
appear necessary at this alarming
crisis.
utmost exneed add
I
further. I
ent,
am, with great esteem and regard, humble servant,
sir,
your most obedi-
JONTH TRUMBULL>
Honourable President Bowdoin.
and
wood, as price upon his pork, beef, butter, flour, wool, he thinks is in proportion to the advanced price demanded by the merchants. Thus they respectively strive to gain the topmost round of the ladder. By this means those who have the misfortune to be poor are likely to starve, especially those poor families, the heads
of which are
day being
in
far
the
Army
soldiers'
wages
at this time of
from equivalent to the maintenance of a
family.
At
COMMODORE
SIR
PETER PARKER TO MR. STEPHENS, SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY.
Chatham, Rhode-Island Harbour, December
11, 1776.
America having The Commanders-in-Chief SIR of it, to emwhile the would admit season thought proper, ploy a considerable number of his Majesty's ships and troops for the purpose of making descents on the Colony of Rhodein
:
Island, and
point
me
Lord
to the
Howe
me
the honour to ap-
sea, (f^ord
Shuldham having
having done
command by
this rate,
what
will
become of thousands of people who
depended on their absent friends in the Army for a subsistMust not some measures be adopted by the majesty ence? of the people to prevent the entire death of publick virtue and the progress of internal oppression and extortion ? Shall the trader make the necessity of the buyer his op-
We portunity, and so fleece the indigent and the needy ? have some naturally honest, fair traders,- among us, but if they trade at all, they must swim with the stream, and the reason is, that a great number of forestallers and regraters
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1177 have
infested the country,
and are the plagues and pests of
society.
The same the minds of
spirit
of
biting, in
who
of those
many
into the service of their country.
some degree, has infected are in a capacity of going Though they have noth-
ing material to urge in excuse of their inactivity, yet stand out and refuse to assist their bleeding country, unless they
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1178
the strictest examination; and as to signing his parole, he very ready so to do.
And we
with
remain,
humble
obliged,
submission,
great
DAVID LAING, BASIL COWPER.
the honourable gentlemen of the Council.
are allured thereto by offers or actual receipts of enormous
sums of money In short, one would be ready to think there is a confederacy and resolution among many, not to stir in the common cause unless they can fatten themselves upon the estates of
your much
servants,
PHILIP DALTON, RICH'D FISHER,
To
is
!
their neighbours. Is there no love
Can of our country left in such breasts ? war havock over their see civil spread they, unconcerned, country, and be calm spectators of the ravages of sworn enemies ? It seems they can otherwise they would never make an extraordinary bounty the condition of their defend!
ing
and
all
that
dear!
is
now
will only
we may
have more
1
to say
on the subject,
aver, that unless sordid self
never expect the smiles of Heaven
is
laid aside
!
Worcester, Massachusetts, 11 December, 1776.
J.
WARREN TO SAMUEL
A. OTIS.
Plymouth, December
DEAR
11, 1776.
yours by Mr. Crocker, and have I find her a received the accordingly ship you mention. very pretty, and, I think, good ship, of about two hundred and thirty to two hundred and fifty tons, as near as I can Her rigging looks well, and by the inventory I send judge.
SIR
:
I received
I wrote herewith, she will appear to be tolerably provided. hundred and before that she was sold for pounds, eight you I don't know of any hands for that I thought her cheap. her here, though if I could see the old master I should like I have no prosto engage him, and might then get hands. pect of a cargo here, unless it be the logwood and mahogany
now may
landing out of another ship which we have condemned, be bought cheap. I have a prospect of engaging two or three schooners, but the confusion has prevented my completing the business. I
am,
in haste,
your
friend,
J.
&c.,
WARREN.
Mr. Samuel Allyne Otis, merchant, Boston. I have sent to the furnaces about shot they are casting there, and shall know soon what quantity.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO CAPTAIN MELVIL.
War Office, Sin: There
Boston, llth December, 1776.
an order of Court directing
is
Board
to
We
is delineated. We have sent you this by Mr. Wendell, who, if you-need, will readily afford you his assistance. Should be glad to know what number of men are from this State in the various ports, as well under your command as from the brigade of Suffolk, Bristol, and Plymouth, and what quantity of provision is further necessary. Milk, rice, beer or cider, peas, beans, soap, and vinegar, you had better send round and purchase in the vicinity, and draw upon us for the amount. We have sent forward only bread, beef, and pork. By Mr. Wendell we remit you 107 16s., for which you are to account to the Board. You will let the Board hear from you as soon as possible, and send your return. By order of the Board
ness
:
SAVAGE, President p.
S. P.
Captain Thomas
t.
Melvil.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO CAPTAIN MELVIL.
War Office, SIR:
The
llth December, 1776.
Mr. James White, is sent forward with for the immediate supply of the troops
bearer,
a number of cattle belonging to the State
now
in
He
Rhode-Island.
we
will,
imagine, continue to supply you until you again hear from have sent forward one wagon-load of bread ; we us.
We
have engaged several more wagons, and shall take all possible care to supply you with what is necessary from time to time.
By
order of the Board
:
SAVAGE President p.
S. P.
JAMES BOWDOIN TO MESHECH WEARE.
this
appoint a meet person for a temporary Commissary for our Militia about Rhode-Island. Accordingly o J we have thought o fit to appoint you to that business, if consistent with your other duties. enclose you a copy of the Court's order, and also a schedule of the subsistence, by which your busi-
Captain Thomas
t.
Melvil.
Boston, December 11, 1776.
SIR: The Council have received your letter of the 10th instant. They have not since the 7th instant received any intelligence with respect to the
movement of
Rhode-Island, excepting a letter from Dartmouth, a town belonging to this State, which informs that the enemy landed about three thousand troops on the morning of the ships at
8th instant, near the town of Newport, in Rhode-Island; but as we have not as yet received any confirmation of this report from Providence, the truth of it is not fully credited. Enclosed you have a copy of a letter we have just received from General Schuyler, and the resolution passed by the General Assembly of this State in consequence of it. In the name of the Council. I am, with great respect, sir, your most humble servant, J AMES
The Hon. Meshech Weare,
WILLIAM THOMPSON TO RICHARD DEVENS. Wednesday, December
the enemy's
BOWDOIN.
Esq., President of the Council
llth, 1776, 11 o'clock, a. m.,
)
Attleborough.
)
SIR: At sunset yesterday I reached this place, where the carriage with the eighteen casks of powder is just arrived.
The
other carriages are not
come up
yet.
I
know not where
our Militia are stationed, therefore I have desired the Selectmen of this town (who have accepted) to receive the ammunition into their care, until
am or
I
go
to
Providence, (to which
I
moment setting out,) to inform myself what place places it may be needful to remove it to if wanted. One this
of the Selectmen has told me that our Militia have received directions to be supplied out of the Rhode-Island magazines; so perhaps it may not be needful to proceed any further. I
am,
sir,
your humble servant,
WM. THOMPSON.
of New-Hampshire.
Richard Devens, Esq. PHILIP DALTON AND OTHERS TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL.
GENTLEMEN:
We
for thus liberating us,
return
all
and
we
EMBARGO
you our most kind thanks behave as not to give
shall so
you any reason to repent of this your lenity to us at the same time we most humbly beg leave to lay before you the situation of Mr. March, a gentleman that has been long
He
likewise
is
much
surprised at his particular
confinement, and should be glad to
know
if
any person has
asserted any thing against his character, that he might be And as he is now left alone, able of vindicating himself. It is hopes you will take it into your consideration. very
agreeable to him to be under the most strict inspection of the Committee, and as for his conduct hitherto, it will bear
NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
State of
In the
;
confined.
IN
New-Hampshire,
House of Representatives, December
Voted and Resohe.d, That and continue diately take place,
llth, 1776.
) $
a general Embargo immeuntil the further order of this
Court, on all Vessels of every denomination, excepting such as rimy be fitted out by order of the United States, or either of them, or such as may go coast-wise from one harbour in this State to another in this State, or that may go or come for the purpose of bringing firewood from any harbour in the State of the Massachusetts-Bay to the town of Portsmouth, or such as
may be
permitted by the General Assembly, or
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1179
the recess thereof, by the
in
Committee of Safety
in
fcc.,
DECEMBER,
1180
GENERAL PUTNAM TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
this
Philadelphia, 12 December, 1776.
State.
MY
And
that all Vessels departing in violation of the foregoing resolution shall, with their cargo, tackle, and appurtenances,
be
forfeited
by
a libel to
and
to
be
for the
use of this State, and recovered purpose in the Maritime Court
filed for that
this State at any time within one year after the offence committed, by the naval or maritime officer of this State. Vessel departing as aforesaid shall not be And in case
of
any
seized in one year after her departure, the owner or freighter thereof shall forfeit and pay e furnished with a copy of as many of the resolves of this ;
that
Convention on the above subject as respect the matter-; referred by Major-General Heath to the consideration of this Convention, and be requested to attend to the return of the said flag of truce in such manner as, if possible, to prevent the communication of any person on board with others on the land.
Your Committee being fully of opinion lastly. that the residence of Lady Johnson at Albany, under the above-mentioned circumstances, may be highly detrimental to the American cause, and that a permission to her to return home will be equally if not more injurious to it, do therefore removal to one of the earnestly recommend her immediate New- England States, under such circumstances as may be Gthly, and
consistent with her rank and her sex.
By
AB'M YATES, December
DECEMBER,
1776.
Jun., Chairman.
13th, 1776.
1208
an exchange of the following prisoners, taken on hoard the ship Jnhn, the ship Clarendon, and ship Sally, brought into this Slate, for prisoners of equal rank and degree, as near as may be, to wit: Captain Dnnbar, of the ship John;
tiate
James Watta, passenger on board
;
Captain Jackson, of the
ship Sally; John /rV/^/U, Surgeon, Captain John Denis/on, of the ship Clarendon; Peter Hunter, passenger on board do.;
Daniel Crawford, Mate, Thomas Moore, Boatswain, James
Deni.tlon.A boy, Murdoch Me Cloud,* sailor,and divers others whose names are unknown. And that he take their parole not to give any intelligence, act, or do any thing against the
United States oj America; and in case such exchange, cannot be effected, that they return immediately to this State again. (Copy delivered Captain Jackson, December 13th,
1776) GOVERNOUR COOKE TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE
ASSF.MBLY.
State of Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations, In General Assembly, Providence, December Ki, 1776.
We
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN:
order of the Committee:
Fish-Kill,
Sic.,
) \
have not as yet perfect
intelligence of the force of the enemy upon Rhode- Island, but by the best accounts we have been able to collect, their numbers do not exceed eight, nor fall short of five thousand
men.
The
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY. At a meeting of the Governotir and Council of Safety of Connecticut, December 13th, 1776 His Honour the Governour, Eliphalct Dyer, Present Jabez Huntington, William Williams, William Hillhouse, :
Nathaniel Wales, Jun., Thomas Seymour, Benjamin Huntington, Esquires. ^Voted, That a Letter of Credit for
500, be drawn on Messrs. Rapalje and Miles Shcrbrook. of the State of NewYork, in favour of Major Lcvi Wells, for the use of the Connecticut troops in captivity in Neie-York, to be by Major Wells paid out as wages
among
said captives, at his discre-
tion, as their necessities require, and to take their receipts, and keep his account thereof, and lay the same before the
Paymasters of the several regiments to which they belong. (Letter of Credit delivered Major Wells, December 13th, 1776.)
To
Voted.
refer a
number of Sick
bills
from
New-Haven
Selectmen to the Committee of Pay-Table for adjustment, and to draw for what is due thereon. 12 10s., in Voted, To draw on the Pay-Table for favour of Mr. Hezekiah Sabin, of New-Haven, for his expense
in
mounting a Field-Piece
for
publick use.
(Order
delivered Timo. Jones, Jun., December 13th, 1776'.) Voted, To refer the liquidation of the Accounts of
Massachusetts-Bay and Connecticut, and an ardour that does them honour, have marched to our assistance; and with the Militia of this State amount to between six and seven thousand, who are at present posted in many different places around the bay, but with a
without form, not having a leader nor any general plan of offence or defence. In this situation of
Cap-
for
mustering Soldiers, to the Committee of Pay-
Table.
for the
common
defence, &ic. transmit you by express a copy of the vote, not doubting your immediate attention to this most important the most vigorous exertions of the powers of object, and
We
publick safety.
honourable gentlemen, your most obedient, hum-
are,
ble servant.
Signed
at the request,
and
in
behalf
of,
the General As-
NICH'S COOKE. Honourable General Assembly of the State of P. S. The Legislature of Committee to draft a bill for
:
Ordered, That the six Field-Pieces left at New-Haven by the Minerva, be properly fitted up and furnished with suitable field-carriages at the expense of the Stale, provided said carriages be well and properly jnade, at a reasonable
10 for each; and that the sum of exceeding be paid Captain Sabin, of New-Haven, for the carriage and apparatus to a Field-Piece which he has lately procured to be done there, and that the same be for the use of this State. (N. B. There is a vote and order drawn on 12 10s., above-menthe preceding leaf for the sum of price, not 12 10s.
tioned.)
Whereas by an act of the General Assembly at NewHaven, at their session in October last, among other things, it is provided, that the Militia of said town of New-Haven hold themselves equipped and in constant readiness to defend said town, and not be liable to be removed :
Resolved, That Colonel Thompson take the most effectual care that the Militia of said town be every way equipped and accoutred, and in constant readiness, according to the true intent and design of said act. (Order delivered Colo-
Thompson, December 13th, 1776.) Voted, That Nathaniel Shaw, Jun., Esq., be, and he is hereby, empowered and instructed to propose and negonel
for the
your State
New-Hamp-
shire.
On application to this Board, by Mr. Timothy Jones, Jun., and Colonel Thompson, a Committee from New-Haven, fee.
being sensible that although the
of War, with full power to exert the force of this State, in concurrence with Committees that may be appointed from the other New-England States, in the necessary measures
tain
Account
affairs,
blow hath first fallen upon us, the safety of New-England, and perhaps the fate of America, depends upon establishing an Army with the utmost expedition, capable of opposing that body of the enemy which hath taken possession of Rhode-Island; and fully convinced that the authority of this State will prove inadequate to the giving form to and regulating an army collected from different States and to the directing of their operations, we have appointed a Council
We
Jthial Tinker, of the row-galley Crane; tlie Accounts of Mr. James Rice, for the row-galley Whiting; the Accounts of cost of Gaol yard at Hartford, and Lynde Lord's
Militia of the
spirit
for the
Army and
this
State have appointed a
fixing the price of necessaries the inhabitants, as we have intelligence
the State of Connecticut have done; and will enter into a like measure. [
Same
we hope your
State
General Court of the Massachusetts-Bay.]
to
Resolve of the RHODE-ISLAND General Assembly, December 13, 1776.
To the House of Magistrates GENTLEMEN: Whereas a large body :
of the enemy have taken possession of the Island of Rhode- Island, and are endeavouring to penetrate the country, so that it has become necessary for the publick utility of this State that a Council of War be immediately appointed:
Therefore Voted and Resolved, That his Honour the his Honour the Deputy Governour, the Honour-
Governour,
Ambrose Page, Esq., Mr John Fanner, John Dexter, Esq., the Honourable Joshua liabcock, Esq., Mr. Cromcl Child, the Honourable William Greene, Esq., and Henry Ward, Esq., be, and they are
able Stephen Hopkins, Esq.,
hereby, appointed a Council of War; that they, or the major part ol them, be fully empowered to do, act, and transact, all and every thing and matter for the well-being and security
of
this
State and the United States in general.
That
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1209 make and
and regulations wdi-governing, ordering, disciplining, clothing, and supplying the Army now raised or ahout to be raised by this Stute, and the other neighbouring Stales, in conjunction, if such an Army should be raised, as to them shall seem right and just. And that all such rules, orders, and regulations them made in the recess of the General Assembly shall by be ol as full force and authority to all intents and purposes as though made and -passed by this General Assembly. they
ordain
all
such
rules, orders,
for the
Voted and passed. Per order:
J.
LYNDON, Clerk.
Upper House, read the same day and concurred. R. J. HELME, Secretary p. t. Per order:
In the
December
To
House of Magistrates : GENTLEMEN: Resolved, That
13, 1776.
the
his
Honour
the
Governour
be requested to write to the Slates of New- Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay, and Connecticut, enclosing the resolve of this General Assembly appointing a Council of War, and requesting that each of said States appoint a Committee to meet the twenty-third day of this instant, or as much sooner as possible, in the town of Providence, in this State, with said Council of War, to confer upon the expediency of raisan the for immediate defence against the British ing Army Fleet and Army now within this State, whereby the Militia may be relieved; and in general to consult upon every measure necessary to be taken for the support of the com-
mon
cause.
&c.,
J.
LYNDON,
Clerk.
In the Upper House the same day, read and concurred.
Per order:
R.
J.
HELME,
Secretary p.
tern.
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. SIR: Your important
letter of the 9th instant was received with you most fervently in your prayer not be lost, nor fall a victim to the rage
We join
America may
of a merciless tyranny; on the contrary, we trust there is virtue and spirit enough in the United States to produce exertions sufficient, with the blessing of Heaven, to prevent It has been a capital errour to inlist or detach our forces it.
time
but as you well observe, to reflect upon past errours answers no other valuable purpose than to produce a propriety of conduct in future. are our for so short a
;
We
Committee
did
not take
New-Haven
in
their
sorry
way
to
Gen-
Washington, which would have given them an opportunity of informing you of the terms on which it uas intended they should reinlist the troops belonging to this Slate, which might have prevented some of the inconveniences that have happened. Our Assembly, from the advanced price of things, apprehended it highly improbable our men would again engage in the service unless their wages were increased, which induced them to add twenty shillings per month to the Congress allowance and afterwards, in consequence eral
;
of a resolve of Congress disapproving the addition to the wages, they granted a bounty of twenty pounds to each soldier inlisting for three years or during the war; which mode of encouragement they hoped would not appear so exceptionable to Congress. The inconveniency of different establish-
ments
corps of the same Army was foreseen, we were under of raising our quota, without which the common cause might suffer, obliged us to risk it. The regulation of ihe price of things, (the mode you have for different
but the necessity
adopted,) was thought
many
of,
and might have been the
objections arose, which at thai lime prevented
best, but it.
How-
we have renewed our application to you to join with the other States of New-England in the appoinling a Commillee to consider this and other matters, we hope you will
ever, as
approve the measure, and that great good will result from it. By our proposal their commission is lo be so exlensiveas to include the important business you mention of consulting on the great affairs of our safety, and counteracting the enemy in their
future
1210
ment of our quota of the new Army, they passed an act for home, to march as soon
raising a fourth part of the Militia at as may be to recruit the Army, and
be
in
service for three
months from their march, before the expiration of which time it was hoped and expected that our said quota would be Since the inlisted, and at the place of their destination. invasion of Rhode-Island, the said fourth part from the Counties of Barnslable, Plymouth, and Bristol, with all the Militia from ihe two latter Counties, also the said fourth part of the Counties of Suffolk, Middlesex, and E-tsex, with one regiment most contiguous from Suffolk, and two of the nearest regiments from Worcester County, together with one company from our train of artillery, have had orders to march to the assistance of that State,
and were intended,
either in
part or whole, as circumstances should require, for your State, as we informed you in our letter of the 8th instant in to yours of the 5th. The said fourth part, in case they are not needed there, General Lincoln, the commanding officer, after consulting with Governour Cpoke, is to
answer
order lo join ihe Army to the southward, with the fourth of our other Militia, except Berkshire, whose fourth, and
except Hampshire, one half of whose fourth, are ordered Ticonderoga, by way of Albany, in consequence of a letter received the 1th instant from General Schuyler. It is true that there has been a Quantity of clothing and shoes taken from the enemy and brought into this State, but to
1
not so large as ihe publick papers represented it. However, our Committee for providing clothing have been directed lo take it, and procure as much more of the like articles as they possibly can, and send them lo ihe Army. quantily is already on the road. understand there is a cartel now at New-London for
We
the exchange of prisoners; and as we have a number of them in this State, we wish to be informed upon what terms ihe
be made, that we may know what rank or it will be proper to send particularly whether sailors taken on board merchantmen will be received in exchange for sailors taken on board privateers. Al the nexl meeling of our Assembly your lelter will be laid before them, and they will consider ihe other matters contained in it. Since writing the above, we have received your letter of the 1 1th instant, enclosing copies of a letler and resolves of the Committee of Safety for the. State of Neiv- York. are fully sensible of the critical silualion of affairs at the westward, and shall afford all the assistance in our power. The fourth part of our Militia, ordered to be raised as aforesaid, it is supposed will amount lo about six thousand men. About half of these are ordered to march by the way of Providence, to assist the States of Rhode-Island and Con-
exchange
that
1776.
A
Voted and passed. Per order:
yesterday.
DECEMBER,
But
if this is not operations. expressed in terms sufficiently explicit, you can agree to our proposal with such additions as you think proper, and there is no doubt we shall concur with you.
The General Court was on the llih instant adjourned to Besides providing for the inlistTuesday, the 24lh instant.
is
to
condition of prisoners
;
We
necticut, if necessary, otherwise to
proceed immediately to
New-York; about
nine hundred are to march to Albany, to be under the direction of General Schuyler; the remain-
two thousand, are to take the middle road, and is to be at Danbury, in Connecticut. We are informed that some regiments marched this day, and it is expected that several others will begin their march on der, about
the rendezvous
next. On every occasion we shall heartily cooperate with you in support of the great cause we are
Monday engaged
in.
name and by the order of the Council of the State of Massachusetts-Bay. I have the honour to be, wilh very great esteem, sir, your Honour's most obedient, humble servant, In the
JAMES BOWDOIN, President. Hon. Jonathan Trumbull, Esq., Governour of ihe Slate of Connecticut.
The
twenty pounds bounty above-mentioned,
is
by notes
given by our Treasurer, each for ten pounds, and payable with interest at six per cent.
JOHN MURRAY TO SAMUEL
A. OTIS.
Winnissimmet Ferry, December I3th, 1776. SIR: At the instance of Captain Paul Reed, the bearer of ihis, I write you on this scrap, that he and his brother David are my neighbours, and men of good reputation.
That I know they were the na when I left Booth-Bay ;
sole
brig Rosanwas then unrigged and
owners of the
that she
hauled up a creek in Booth-Bay, to avoid the hands of the enemy; that the said David then proposed sending her to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1211
the West- Indies as soon as his brother returned from sea, and I never heard of the property of said brig being altered,
whole or part; and I do not believe it ever has. am, with great respect, sir, your most humble servant,
either in 1
JNO. MURRAY.
To
Samuel A. War.
Otis, Esq., at the honourable the
Board of
At
Thursday ter, in
last
the Militia of Salem were ordered to musman to reinforce the Army
order to draft every fourth
at the southward, when eighty-seven turned out volunteers, among whom were gentlemen of the first character in the
place.
DECEMBER,
same time
1212
1776.
sailed the Union,
Captain Hamilton, also camp-equipage, some clothing, and She also found it impossible to get sixty thousand guineas. into the river St. Lawrence, and was obliged to put into Halifax for the winter. Colonel Macleane, who had this the
for Quebeclc, laden with
in charge, finding the Colony in danger from the incursions of the Ncw-Englanders, departed with the money
money for
Boston, December 13, 1776.
&c.,
Nete- York. Another rich
transport, (the
Thomas, Captain Bell,) laden
with army clothing for sixteen thousand men, thirty thousand shirts, thirty thousand pairs of shoes, thirty thousand likewise for the Army in Canada, was paii? of stockings, all
taken by an American privateer, and carried into Boston. loss of these two transports will be severely felt during the winter by the Army in Canada.
The
LETTER FROM A FRENCH MERCHANT.
ORDERS TO COLONEL BELLOWS. New-Hampshire, Exeter, December 13, 1776. Pursuant to directions from the Committee of Safety for
At
Slate of
me, you are hereby required and authorized to this State for the Continental service, who have neglected to march forward to join their respective companies, or any who have deserted, or may desert hereafter, and confine or send them forward to the corps they belong to as occasion or convenience offers, and to call on the military officers under you to assist therein.
GENTLEMEN: There themselves
L'Orient,
December 14th, 1776.
France but what inyour success, and very few who would is
no one
in
this State to
terests
take up any soldiers inlisted by
it; but the doubts we are in of your actual wants, whether supplies from private persons would be agreeable, joined to the risks of the voyage, would us from this undertaking, had not Mr. still have deterred
NATH'L FOLSOM, Major-General.
To
Colonel Benjamin Bellows, Jun.
Exeter, December 13th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN The new General Court Wednesday. The votes for the members :
is to meet next of Council were
examined by the Committee appointed for that purpose for the County of Rockingham, on Wednesday last, when they declared Meshech Weare, Josiah Bartlett, Nicholas Gilman, George King, and Timothy Walker, Jun., Esqs., to have I hear John the majority of votes. Langdon, John Pickand ering, George Gains, Esquires, are elected members for Portsmouth. Londonderry have chosen the same as last
The
year.
come
election of Councillors in the other Counties are
Captain John Emery, of this town, is in France, but last from Bilbao, in Spain, and brought a very valuable cargo. Says greater preparations for war appear in Spain than has ever been known there in the memory of those he was conversant That the present commotions, din of war, and shedwith. ding human blood, might cease in America, and justice, truth, peace, and happiness, be the portion of this land, is the prayer of your most humble servant, not
to
hand.
just arrived from
Nantz,
E. THOMPSON.
Hon. Matthew Thornton and William Whipple, Esqrs. London, December
14, 1776.
On
Tuesday last Lieutenant-General Burgoyne arrived from North-America. When he left Crown-Point, Sir Guy Carleton was preparing to put his Army into winter quarters in Canada.
The
reason publickly assigned for the return of General Burgoyne was, that the season was so far advanced it was impossible to proceed in the intended operations of the campaign ; but it was pretty generally understood that the true reason was, a difference had arisen between him and Sir
Guy into
Deane, your Ambassador in this kingdom, convinced us that it would be agreeable to you, and that you would grant your protection to those merchants who, by exposing their fortune, might carry succours and become useful to Pennsylvania.
THOMPSON TO MATTHEW THORNTON AND WM. WHIPPLE.
E.
in
not desire to contribute towards
Carleton, which prevented the former from carrying execution the orders he had been entrusted with at
These considerations, gentlemen, and having a vessel which sails faster than merchant ships do in common, I have got partners with me and we have resolved to undertake a voyage to Philadelphia, where I expect to arrive towards the latter end of February, or the 15th of March next.
As
I
am
unacquainted with the entrance of your
The signals shall be twisted at the foretopflag gallant-mast head, and a gun fired to leeward ; in the night, two lights, one over the other, hoisted to the ensign staff, and a gun. 1 beg you will give a copy of those signals to land about Cape Hatteras as follows
:
in the
day, a
if I
your coasting pilots from Cape Hatteras to Cape May. I have the honour to be, with profound respect, gentlemen, your most humble and obedient servant,
ROCHE. STEPHEN STEWARD TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. December the
14th, 1776.
Captain Hamond went from here last TuesWhat he day, in one of the Province boats, to Annapolis. went after I don't know. He has not been here since I got his schooner ready to sail, bent his sails for him, and every I am in want of some thin canvas to make a thing else. I have been told gib and square-sail for another schooner. you have now a large quantity come in. Please to send me down two bolts of the thinnest you have, number 3, 4,
GENTLEMEN
:
Would want four bolts. The horse can't bring more than two conveniently. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, 5, or 6.
STEPHEN STEWARD.
The
honourable Council of Safety.
SAMUEL PURVIANCE,
JR.,
TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 14th, 1776.
A
packet (the Swallow, Captain Marshal) sailed from Falmouth, September 1, with despatches for Sir Guy Carleton and General Burgoyne; but meeting with very violent north winds on the coast of America, she could not get into the river Si. Lawrence, and was blown away to the WestIndies, and after again attempting it, and finding it impracticable, she returned, and arrived at Falmouth on the 1st of
The despatches were reported to be orders to Carleton to return to the Civil Government of Quebeck, and to General Burgoyne to continue and go on with the Army the appointment of Mr. Livius, Chief Jus-
December.
Guy
;
tice, &ic.
can.
Dutch
home.
Sir
river, I
take the liberty, gentlemen, to beg you to order a pilot at Cape Hatteras and on the northward, and another to the southward of the Delaware, though I intend to make the
GENTLEMEN
In consequence of letters to our Committee and myself, received by Thursday's post, Captain Nicholson went off yesterday evening, with about thirty or forty of his best
:
hands and some of
of small craft, for the
his officers, with
Head of
Elk, to
near twenty
assist in
sail
bringing
down
the publick stores and sick that might be moved from Philadelphia. About an hour after his departure, I received the enclosed letter for him, which I despatched after him by a barge. He returned it to me late last night, and, agreeable to his desire, 1 now forward it to you by express, for your consideration. Should you think fit to order the
Defence's
men
to follow after
Captain Nicholson,
I
would
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1213
beg leave to suggest whether it would not be advisable to take a few of the nine-pounders from the fort, and send up along with the Defence's guns, to put on board the frigates, should they attempt sending them around to this bay. have plenty of craft here to carry up the Defence's people,
We
&c., to Elk.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
an hour.
sails in
Congress, should they be obliged to leave Philadelphia, in which case, Mr. Chase writes, it is intended to come here. J
To
am, gentlemen, your most humble servant, SAM'L PURVIANCE, Jun. the honourable the Council of Safety at Annapolis.
they give us time,
get the I
the Hon.
John Hancock, President of Congress.
GENERAL ORDERS. Head-Quarters, Philadelphia, December 14, 1776.
Colonel Griffin is appointed Adjutant-General to the All orders from the General troops in and about this city. through him, either written or verbal, are to be strictly at-
and punctually obeyed. General, to his great astonishment, has been informed that several of the inhabitants of this city have refused to In take the Continental currency in payment for goods. to be lost should the inhabitants so of future, publick any tended
to
The
and the welfare of
virtue
December
expect
this will
forfeited,
14, 1776.
to close confinement.
be delivered to you by John
Nicholson, Esq., who commands the Hornet sloop-of-war, She will carry you some rice belonging to the Continent. and indigo, by order of the Secret Committee, which you'll As this sloop touches at please to receive expeditiously. Carolina before she sails for the West-Indies, it is uncertain
when you may see, therefore orders must be discretionary; and when she arrives, if you have any advices, or any goods you think of importance to these States, you may despatch Captain Nicholson therewith immediately. Should this not be the case, you may assist him to procure more men, and let him go a cruising during the winter months, only despatching him so as to be here by the beginto send
that
If our trade in the Islands
ning of April.
is
where there
is
this sloop can match, they If there be none such, she may cruise
the best chance of good prizes.
If Captain Nicholson is lucky enough to send any in to you, sell such parts as are suited to the island consumption ;
but be careful what you sell British subjects not resident
is
that
;
We
are, sir,
your very humble servants.
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
Philadelphia,
I wrote
every assistance possible to complete the and about the city.
December
night, and inclosed a
14, 1776.
GENERAL ORDERS. Head-duarters, Philadelphia, December 14, 1776.
All Officers and Soldiers in and about this city are ordered immediately to repair to the State-House, (except the Jersey Militia,) with their arms and accoutrements. By order of the General :
AMOS TAYLOR TO SAMUEL CHASE. Philadelphia,
GENTLEMEN
gentleman having just now delivered me another open letter from the General, dated yesterday, at Trenton Falls, I do myself the honour to enclose it herein and as Mr. Walton does not set off so soon as he intended, I have sent out after an express but have some expectation that Colonel Jenifer will be the bearer of both these letters, as I understand he ;
same
just going off for Baltimore.
They
will
certainly go in
half an hour by one or the other. As our enemies are still kept at bay, on the other side Delaware, I cannot help flattering myself with the expectation of some favourable event that will save this city.
remain here as long as I can with safety Congress may depend on my utmost exertions for the publick service. The Randolph and
I shall certainly
my
14th, 1776.
that
I
By
in Philadelpresented to you at your lodgings
last
Saturday. phia Gentlemen, I must entreat you
will consider the
circum-
stance of a couple of poor tradesmen, one of whom is now in the service of his country and has left a family behind The bills are acknowledged by Lieutenant Richard him.
who had
the
command
of the
company when the Thomas Stone,
Mr. Grace I expect will be thought a sufficient Esq.) I have likewise got a gentleman of good characvoucher. ter in this place to write a few lines to Mr. Heligar in my I doubt favour, to whom I refer you for further satisfaction. not but you will pay the amount of said bills to the bearer, will greatly oblige,
;
stay, the
Hornet are gone down this morning. We are at work on the Delaware, and a chartered brigantine. Captain Green,
gentlemen, your
friend,
&c.,
AMOS TAYLOR.
To
Samuel Chase and William Paca, Esquires, Delegates from the State of Maryland, at Baltimore.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO GEN. WASHINGTON. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 14, 1776, Eight o'clock in the Evening.
;
and, during
December
the bearer, George Fox, I send the several bills relating to the clothing a company of troops The bills are the late commanded by Captain Watkins. :
letter
;
is
SAMUEL GRIFFIN)
Deputy Adjutant-General.
which
from you the General, and several other letters, then expecting to but that send that letter by Mr. Walton this morning last
fortifications
ISRAEL PUTNAM, Major-General.
Grace,
[Read December 20, 1776: Referred to Mr. R. H. Lee, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Harrison, and Mr. S. Adams.]
:
to give
that are to be erected in
clothes were made, (under the direction of
William Bingham, Esq.
SIR
as the Congress have ordered the city to be defended to the extremity, the General hopes that no person will refuse
last
sell,
If distribution may be made on their return. just suitable cannon more for with Nicholson meets any Captain the Hornet than those on board, assist him in buying them, and getting them mounted. Supply him with money and his receipts will necessaries he may want for the service be your vouchers, and your drafts on us will be paid. When you despatch him for the Continent he will take on board any goods you have to ship. sell,
and desired to give every assistance in their power with engines and buckets to extinguish the fire. And,
estly requested
the property of none but
in Bermuda or New-Provirender regular accounts of it. Make the seamen, &c., necessary advances, and transmit us their receipts with the accounts sales, &,c., for what you
Whatever you
dence.
In case of an alarm of fire, the city guards and patroles are to suffer the inhabitants to pass unmolested at any hour of the night; and the good people of Philadelphia are earn-
interrupted by
any privateers or tenders that should be her object.
their country, as to presume to reAmerican States in payment for
any commodities they may have for sale, the goods shall be and the person or persons so refusing, committed
MARINE COMMITTEE TO WILLIAM BINGHAM.
We
humble
ROB'T MORRIS.
fuse the currency of the
SIR:
attempt to
shall
your
servant >
To
I
frigate into a place of safety. to remain, sir, obedient,
Washington have the honor
Our Committee, agreeable to Mr. Chase's requisition, wrote the Committee of your city to send up to Elk what craft were at I have since learned there is no Annapolis. Committee. There will be no necessity of sending any more craft, as we can get plenty here. Our Committee are preparing the Court-House in the best manner the time will admit for the reception of the
If
1214
1776.
) J
SIR: The Council this moment received a letter from William Atlee, Esq., of Lancaster, extract from which we
He says (dated 13lh instant) : despatch to you by express. "The enclosed is copy of a letter from Colonel Burd last " I march with whole battalion on
my by express." next." "Colonel Galbreath's battalion, we are next. The Militia of Lancastold, will move on Saturday ter seem rather backward, owing principally to this, that many of our spirited officers and young men are gone to escort the prisoners sent from hence, and upon their return
night,
Monday
have hopes they
will
turn out to the assistance of their
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1215 There
brethren.
arrived
County
(lie
Militia from
also soon expected." From these and other circumstances a considerable
hope
reinforcement
enemy can be kept
the
may
we have join
you
We
reason in
to
a few
at
you
Board. order of the Council.
By
have the honour
I
your Excellency's very humble
to be,
DAV'D RITTENHOUSE, Vice
President.
His Excellency General Washington.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Head-duarlers, Bucks County, ]4th December, 1776.
SIR
I
:
was
favoured with yours of the 6th. In did myself the pleasure to write to you two a full account of my present situation,
last night
which
a letter
I
1216
Head-duarters, at Keith's, December 14th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR:
last night received your letter of the 1 1th Major De Hart. I am much surprised that you should be in any doubt respecting the route you should take, after the information you have had upon that head, as well by letter as from Major Hoops, who was despatched for the A large number of boats was procured purpose. and is still retained at Ttmiftm, under a strong guard, to facilitate your passage across the Delaware. I have so frequently mentioned our situation, and the necessity of your aid, that it is painful to me to add a word on the subject. Let me once more request and entreat you to march immediately for Pitt's Town, which lies on the route that has been pointed out, and is about eleven miles from Tinnicum Ferry. That is more on the flank of the enemy than where you are. Advise me of the time you will arrive there, that a letter may be sent you about your further destination, and such other movements as may be necessary. I
instant by
bay. shall communicate every piece of intelligence to you which may appear to deserve your notice, and thank you for such information as may think proper to give this if
days,
1776.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LEE.
Cumberland
who say that larsje numbers are on The battalion from Northumberland are
here,
way down.
their
are a few of
DECEMBER,
&c.,
days ago, I gave you and the occurrences that have happened since I left the The want of means of transLee. neighbourhood of Fort has hitherto hindered the enemy from making any portation
and I hope, unless the attempt to cross the Delaware; course of the season entirely changes, that the weather will soon prevent their making use of boats, if they should build them. Your situation to the eastward is truly alarming and I
The enclosed for Generals Gales and Arnold you will forward by an officer without delay. The former I have requested to come on with the regiments he has, with all possible expedition; the latter to go to the eastward, on the intelligence received from Governour Trumbull. Part of the enemy have advanced as far as and their
Burlington,
main body, from the best information, is in the neighbourhood of Trenton and at Penny-Town. The Congress have adjourned from Philadelphia to meet at Baltimore on the 20ib instant, and, sensible of the importance of the former, have directed it to be defended to the
;
wish is
were
it
requisite. to detach
me
far
enemy
mediately
my power to afford you that assistance that You must be sensible that it is impossible for any part of my small Army, when I have an
in
but I have imsuperiour in numbers to oppose; countermanded the march of General Heath's
division, who were coming down from Peekskill; they are ordered to return again to that place, and hold themselves General Lee's ready to move as occasion may require. division are so necessary to support this part of the Army,
that without their assistance
we must
inevitably be over-
powered, and Philadelphia lost. I have ordered General Arnold, who was on his way down from Ticonderoga, immediately to repair to NewLondon, or wherever his presence will be most necessary. The troops that came down with him and General Gates are already, from the advices I have received, so far ad-
countermand them now
vanced towards Army, would be losing the small remainder of their service entirely, as the lime of their inlistment would expire before they could possibly reach you whereas by coming on, they may, in conjunction with my present force and that under that to
this
utmost extremity, to prevent the enemy from possessing it. The fatal consequences that must attend its loss are but too Your arrival may be the means of obvious to every one. nothing but a respectable force, I am certain, saving it from melancholy experience, can induce the Militia to come The Roebuck and a sloop of war in and give their aid. have arrived in Delaware-Bay, and from the last advices ;
were laying not eral
Heath
far
within the Capes.
proceed with
to
his
1
spatch, to Pitts-Town, where I General Gates with the regiments that are with if
my
information
am, dear
sir,
yours, &c.,
short time, I
To
is
appearance,
in
a state of security.
A
lucky blow
in
this
quarter would be fatal to them, and would most certainly raise the spirits of the people, which are quite sunk by our late misfortunes. In the interval between the dissolution of the old and the inlistment of the
on the publick
new Army, we must put our dependence
spirit
and
virtue of the people; which, I am to their
sorry to say, has manifested but too small a regard rights
and
liberties in
the States of
New-Jersey and Penn-
sylvania, the citizens of Philadelphia excepted ; but I hope such a spirit still exists among your people as will convince
these bold. invaders, that although they may by a superiour naval force take possession of your sea-port towns, yet that they cannot penetrate and overrun your country with impunity. sir,
have the honour to be, with great respect and esteem, your most obedient servant,
To
Governour Tntmbtill, Connecticut.
I
Go. WASHINGTON.
P. S. I have just received a letter from General Hr.ath, of the 10th instant, in which he informs me that his division
was
to cross the North River on that day so that they must be at Morristown by this time, which is but fifty miles from hence. Upon this consideration, I have changed my ;
intention of
given erals
countermanding him, for the same reasons as letter above respecting the troops under GenGates and Arnold. in
my
to
Gen-
him
in
a
true.
Go- WASHINGTON.
Major-General Lee.
P. S.
The
letters for
Generals Gates and Arnold
I
have
sent by another conveyance.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL GATES.
;
General Lee, enable us to attempt a stroke upon the forces of the enemy, who lay a good deal scattered, and, to all
have wrote
troops, with all possible dehope to hear of the arrival of
Head-duarters,
DEAR
SIR
at Keith's,
comes
December 14th, 1776.
hand, you will have heard of the melancholy situation of our affairs. I do not mean now to detail our misfortunes. With a handful of :
men, compared
Before
to the
this
enemy's
to
force,
we have been pushed
through the Jerseys, without being able to make the smallest opposition, and to General Howe pass the Delaivare. is now on the other side, and beyond all question means, if His troops possible, to possess himself of Philadelphia. are extended from Penny-Town to Burlington; the main body, from the best advices, at the former, and within the I wish it were in my power neighbourhood of Trenton. tell At you that appearances were much against him. But few of the Militia of present 1 confess they are not. this State have yet come out, except those belonging to the city, nor have 1 any great hope of their assistance, unless we can collect a respectable force; in such case perhaps I have heard that they will turn out and afford their aid. you are coming on with seven regiments. This may have a happy effect; and let me entreat you not to delay a moment in hastening to Pitts-Town. You will advise me of your approaches, and of the time you expect to be there, that I may meet you with an express, and inform you of your destination, and such further movement as may be I necessary. expect General Lee will be there this evening or to-morrow, who will be followed by General Heath and his division. If we can draw our forces together, I trust, under the smiles of Providence, we may yet effect an important stroke, or at least prevent General Howe from executing his plans. Philadelphia is now the object of our immediate care you know the importance of it, and the
to
;
CORRESPOiNDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1217
fatal consequences tliat must attend its loss. I am persuaded no aid with you to give, will be withheld a single instant; your arrival may be a most happy circumstance. The Congress have adjourned to Baltimore, but previously resolved that Philadelphia should be defended to the last Lord Stirling is going over to meet General extremity. Lee, and concert with him a plan of operations. I wish you could be there; and would advise you not to wait the slow march of your troops. I have wrote to General Arnold to go to the eastward, on account of the intelligence from that His presence there will be of infinite service. quarter. I
To
am, dear
sir,
Go WASHINGTON.
yours, &c.,
.
Major-General Gates,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO LORD STIRLING. Head-Quarters, at Keith's, 14th December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Lest the enemy should in some degree avail themselves of the knowledge, (for I do not doubt but that they are well informed of every thing we do,) I did not care to be so particular in the general orders of this day, as I mean to be in this letter to you. As much time, then, would be lost (in case the enemy should attempt crossing the river at any pass within your guard of it) in first sending you notice, and the troops to wait for orders what to do, I would advise you to examine the whole river, from the upper to the lower guard of your and after forming an opinion of the most probable
district
;
crossing places, have those well watched, and direct the regiments or companies most convenient to repair, as they can be formed, immediately to the point of attack, and give
enemy all the opposition they possibly thing in a manner depends upon the defence the
can.
road leading into the back road to Philadelphia, for your unnecessary baggage, wagons, and stores; that in case your opposition should prove ineffectual, these things may not fall, but be got off, and proceed over Neshamini Bridge towards German-Town, agreeable to the determination of
the Board of Officers the other day. Let me entreat you to cast about to find out
who can be engaged may,
if
to cross
possible, obtain
some
some person the river as a spy, that we knowledge of the enemy's
movements, and intention. Particular inquiry to be made by the person sent, if any preparations are making to cross the river; whether any boats are building, and where; whether any are coming across land from Brunswick; whether any great collection of horses are made, and for what purpose. Sic. Expense must not be spared in and will readily be paid by me. such intelligence, procuring situation,
We are in
neighbourhood of very disaffected people; equal should be taken that one of these persons therefore, care, do not undertake the business, in order to betray us. I am, dear sir, yours, &c., Go _
as
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. Head-Quarters,
DEAR
SIR:
instant.
am
I
at Keith's,
December
14th, 1776.
night received your favour of the 10th extremely pleased by the ready attention
I last
you have paid to my orders, and have only to request that you will proceed with your troops, with all possible expedition, to Pitts-Town, pursuing General Lee's route, and where I expect you will join him. Lose not a moment. The situation of our affairs demands industry and despatch on all hands. Advise me from time to time of your apand use proach, your best endeavours to accommodate your troops, and supply them with provisions. Supposing that the
enemy mean an
impression,
1
am
led to conclude from
you would have advanced so far this way before I could have countermanded your march, that the return of your troops could not afford much assistance, as their time of service would be near expiring, if not out, ere they could arrive and if we can collect our force speedily, your
that
letter
;
hope we may
I should
effect
least give such a turn assume a more pleasing at
something of importance, or
to our affairs as
am, dear
I
To
to
now
aspect than they
make them have.
Go WASHINGTON.
sir, fee.,
.
Major-General Heath.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL SPENCER. Head -Quarters, Bucks County,
State of Pennsylvania, 14th December, 1776.
SIR:
I
have
New-London, with an
a descent on some part of New-England. to send some General Officers to take the
the Militia
who
intent to
He desires
make
me
$
Governour Trumof the enemy's ships of war and
that a large fleet were lying off
bull,
)
just received advices from
transports
command
of
are assembling, to make the best opposition I must therefore request that you would im-
in their power. mediately repair to New-England, and take the command at such place as you may find your presence most necessary. I have ordered General Arnold upon the same service, and beg you may cooperate with him in such measures as will be most conducive to the publick good. If any Militia
should have arrived from
replace those please to leave as
New-England
who have lately gone home, you many as will, in your opinion and
will
to
that of the commanding Highlands, be necessary to guard those passes, and take the remainder with you ; or, if you should meet any on their march up, you will please to let as many proceed as will be necessary for the above purpose, (of guarding officer at the
the Highlands,) and take the remainder back with you.
a
I
To
am,
sir,
yours, &c.,
GQ WASHINGTON.
Major-General Spencer.
WASHINGTON.
GENERAL SULLIVAN TO GENERAL HEATH.
To
Brigadier-General Lord Stirling. [The same to B. Genera] Mercer. The same The same to B. General De Fermoy.]
1218
;
water
In like manner, one brigade is to support another, edge. without loss of time, or waiting orders from me. I would also have you fix upon some central spot convenient to your brigade, but in the rear a little, and on some
1776.
I have full confidence in your exerting yourself in this upon former occasions and am, dear sir, yours, &c., Go. WASHINGTON. To Brigadier-General Arnold.
Every
at the
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
to
German-Town, December
B. General Stephen.
DEAR GENERAL: as fast as possible,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL ARNOLD.
manner for our troops Your most obedient servant,
pressing
Head-Quarters, Bucks County, State of Pennsylvania, 14th December, 1776.
DEAR SIR: Having received advice from Governour Trumbull, of the 6th instant, that a large fleet of the enemy's men-of-war and transports had appeared off NewLondon, without doubt with an intent to make a descent either there or on some part of the coast of New-England, and he desiring that some General Officers might be sent to take the command of the Militia who were assembling, I must desire that you would immediately repair to the States of New-England, and in whichsoever of them you
14, 1776.
must beg you to hasten your march as General Washington writes in the most I
to
come
on. T JNO. SULLIVAN.
Major-General Heath.
COMMISSARY HUGHES TO GENERAL HEATH. [December
DEAR GENERAL:
14, 1776.]
Colonel Nicoll communicated what of
yours related to our department, and I immediately furnished the teams, &c., yesterday morning, and then went to GenWhen I returned last evening, I learnt that eral Spencer's.
landed, or likely to land, that you will, in with Major-General Spencer, who I have orderconjunction ed upon the same service, take such measures as in your
that the Commissary had not they were at King's Ferry, and them wnere to proceed; on which I went down and sent them over, with forty-eight barrels of flour and two hogsheads of rum, and sent a note to Colonel Hays to forward
will be most likely to give opposition to, and I shall be frustrate the intents, of the enemy. glad to hear
them on, seem at a
find
the
enemy
opinion
from you upon your arrival of matters as you find them.
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
in
III.
New-England, with
directed
If
a state
Paulding is out of the way, and those here what quantity to send unless it is mentioned. any more is wanted, as I expect theVe will, please to Sic.
loss
particularize.
77
Can't the provisions be got
to
your
post, sir,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1219 if it
land,
by
is
by water
sent
to the slote at
Tappanl
I
should be glad to be informed, as it is very easy to convey it there, no enemy being in the way. There is a report here, which I cannot credit, and that is, If so, I shall be sorry, and symthat General Lee is taken.
most unfeignedly. pathize with him I am, dear General, with great regard and respect, your most obedient and very humble servant,
HUGH HUGHES.
Major-General Heath.
The Honourable
Stc.,
CLINTON
James Duane, Esq., Fishkills.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL GATES.
JOHN M'KESSON TO JAMES DUANE.
Tapan, December 14, 1776. receive not I did DRAR GENERAL: your favour of the Colonel Vose, with the 9lh instant until the last evening. three regiments I before mentioned, arrived at Paramus I have sent your letter directed to the yesterday morning. the troops from Ticonderoga, to him of officer commanding But that detachment is so short of provisthis Tiiorning. ions that they cannot move until a supply comes forward, which will not reach them before to-morrow. In conse-
ScammelL
I
have wrote
am
I
pur-
Sic.
W. HEATH.
P. S. It is said a reinforcement is sent for to Hackenfor their baggage. sack, and that wagons are gone to Hobuck
CAPTAIN PAINE TO GENERAL HEATH. Tarry-Town, December 14th day, 1776.
As I think it my indispensable duty to let DEAR that I and my company your Excellency know the situation SIR:
are in at present, and what has passed with us On Wedneswent from Colland, day last I dressed myself in disguise and below that place where I now am, and returned the same day. :
had rested one day, I marched with my company to this place, where I am scouting into every quarter, and hope soon. of our enemy to give a good account of them I have this moment heard from the King's Bridge, that the enemy keep a guard near Holland's house, consisting of two or three hundred men also there is about thirty Hessians at the foot on the hill, and there is no more of the After
I
;
enemy
If
in all that quarter.
them with only certain that a
you think
it
best, I will
small
company; however, reinforcement of two hundred men
my
I
engage
am
will
very
wholly
on this side York-Island, which I disquiet all the enemy think will be of the last importance to the poor distressed inhabitants of these parts. Since the above intelligence, I have seen a man that tells he has seen two deserters that run from the enemy last of Tories, and of night they say that they consist chiefly those that was taken on Long-Island, that was lifted out of we would come. prison, and wish that I shall wait for orders from your Excellency, on whose
Fishkill,
GENTLEMEN: At
;
depend
I
humble
;
and am,
sir,
your most obedient and very
servant,
To Major-General
BRINTON PAINE. William Heath, near Hackingsack.
December
14, 1776.
the request of Captain Stewart, fre-
quently repeated, and through his solicitation mentioned to me this evening by Colonel Nicholson, 1 take the liberty to inform you that I have known Alexander Me Arthur from that from many circumstances too tedious for a know him to be a young man of the strictest integrity, and who has a high sense of honour. He was taught parade discipline by Colonel Rilzema, in the first company which his infancy
;
letter, 1
he trained in the city, and devoted himself to a military life in one way or another since that time. He is not deficient as a penman, and has frequently been employed by Colonel Malcom in that way, while in his late regiment.
beg leave, gentlemen, to recommend to your notice I. Myers, a young gentleman who spent several His ardent desire for a commission in years in my office. the service would have been gratified in the year 1775, by an appointment in Colonel McDougall's regiment, if his He was a Lieutenant parents would then have consented. 1
Mr. John
He has the company of Militia trained by Majors/Her. served this campaign as Lieutenant of Captain Henry Brasher's company, in Colonel Malcom's regiment, in which he He is stout and active, and has had had a good character. in
the charge of that
regiment.
Near
was devoted Militia
to
since Captain
company year of
the
Brasher
left
the
time prior to this campaign, business of guards, detachments of his
on various occasions, working
my humble
In
a
opinion
a
at fortifications, fkc.
Second Lieutenancy
at
least
would be well bestowed upon him. I have the honour to be, with great respect, gentlemen, your most obedient, humble servant, JOHN MCK.ESSON.
To
Hon. James Duane and John Jay, and to Colonel De Witt, Wm. Duer, Robert Harper, and Lewis Graham, Esquires, and the other Members for arranging the
Charles
the Continental Battalions raising in the State of
New-
York.
ANTHONY RUTGERS TO JAMES DUANE.
me
ability
1220
1776.
Indeed, he says he has had the charge of the company the most of this campaign, and has executed it well. This is the Colonel's character and opinion of him, and I place confidence in the Colonel. Several of the Militia regi1 am this far on my march. ments are already at the place, of rendezvous, near Kakeate, and I must hurry on to join them, to prevent discontents, as they are without covering, provision, and ammunition. I am your most obedient servant, Q EO
To
Colonel quence of your request by back to Mr". Pawling to send on rum, flour, &,c. or two to sweep Hackensack, posing in an hour I aTn, dear General, your humble servant,
DECEMBER,
Fishkill,
December
14th, 1776.
take the liberty to recommend Lieutenant CorneSIR: lius Becker to be provided for in the new arrangement of I
be sober, active, and well-discipsummer in Captain Lyon's New-York of First the Regiment of Continental company, forces, and is now in service with that regiment in General the
Army.
lined.
He
I
know him
has served
McDougalTs
to
this past
brigade.
am, with great respect,
I
sir,
your very humble servant,
ANTHONY RUTGERS. GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO JAMES DUANE.
To
Fort Constitution, 14th December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR:
When
Mr. Lawrence applied
I
was
to
me to recommend
at
taken
tion for arranging the
his son (a
Lieu-
in his
character, and did not
know
but you might
know
thought it therefore best to refuse, till I could see his Colonel and inform myself more fully about him, which 1 have this day had an opportunity of doing. His Colonel tells me (on his honour) that he believes him to be brave that though he has been a wild I did.
present.
APPLICATION OF ANN LEAKE.
in
more of him than
Army,
Convention yesterday, old
Colonel Sivartwout's regiment, in my brigade) to your Committee, in which case he said you would appoint him an officer in the new Armj. I was surprised at his apin plication, as I had recommended him for a Lieutenancy I did not choose to give a former letter to your Committee. him a second recommendation, lest I might have been mistenant
James Duane, Esq., one of the Committee of Conven
I
Peekskill, 14th
The
December, 1776.
would ask of the honourable the Convention with my daughter, servants, and is, that I may be permitted, effects, to remove on board your flag, and go to New-York with the family that have got leave to go, (Messrs. Engliss, Moore, and Livingston,) and that if your favour is granted me, my horses, carriage, and coachman may be permitted to go by land, as its most likely there won't be room on favour
I
board your vessel for them. I am, gentlemen, with respect, your most obedient servant > ANN LEAKE.
;
lord in times past, this campaign he has been attentive to duty an J sober, and that he will, in his opinion, rrtake
young
a good First Lieutenant, which
is
the office he
now
bears.
The
honourable the Convention.
P. S. If the gentlemen who has obtained the flag should to get a boat ? object to our going in it, will it be permitted
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1221
JACOB CUTLER TO WILLIAM DCER. SIR:
Eyck, who why he was
The
bearer hereof
is
14, 1776.
Mr. Barent
Ten
J.
a very serious manner, applied to me not on the last arrangement of officers for the
has, in
State of Netv-York.
I candidly told him that his character and conduct during the last campaign was of such a nature as that he could not with propriety be appointed as an officer, and that he had been too frequently drunk, and was
too apt to pursue such a scandalous He frankly practice. acknowledged it was in a great measure too true, but
me to mention his name to some of my friends of Committee of Arrangement, and has made me all the
begged of the
and that he will accept of a will soon be able to fill. He certainly is brave, and a very strict officer, and is remarkable to keep his men in the best order. His connexions are great, and very well attached to the American cause. promises to a reformed
company, which
From
life,
I believe
those motives I
he
am
chiefly induced to comply with request, to write you upon the subject, and to the consideration of the Committee.
Mr. Ten Eyck's leave
it
Colonels Hasen and Livingston, under the late General
who
served
Canada
in
Montgomery, have directions from Congress to raise each a regiment in any of the States, and to appoint such officers as they may judge proper, who are now in this city and its neighbourhood recruiting, which much deters the filling of Van Schaick's and Gansevoort's regiments.
am
I
rupted Sands's ;
sorry the Regulars continue their march uninterit surprised me not after I had seen Mr.
indeed,
letter. But I must confess I had not expected that Are those the Jersey would have behaved so cowardly. ? don't people who cried aloud for
they
now
support
it?
I
independency Why have nothing new from
this
quarter. I art),
with the greatest respect,
sir,
your most obedient
JACOB CUYLER.
To
now all
at
the
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
:
Jabez Huntington, William Williams, Nathaniel Wales, Jun., Thomas Seymour, Benjamin Huntington, Jedediah Elderkin, Esquires. Voted, To draw on the Pay-Table for one hundred Pounds, in favour of Nathaniel Miner, Esq.,
Commissary
(Order drawn December 14th, Miner.)
and
to
be
in
account.
1776; delivered
to
Mr.
Voted, That the Committee of Pay -Table do adjust the accounts of the expense for taking and bringing one John Sheppard to Windham Jail, sent under the care of Mathew Curtiss, Jun., from Newtown, and also the account of the
expense and pay of the escort who conducted seventeen Prisoners, by order of the Assembly's Committee, under command of Captain Ezra Starr, and draw orders on the Treasurer for the sum found reasonably and due, and justly
that said
Committee receive the money found
in
the hands
of said Sheppard, now in the custody of said Curtiss, and therelodge the same with said Treasurer, taking his receipt
for.
(Copy
delivered to Colonel Seymour,
December 14th,
1776.) Voted, That Mr. Nathaniel Shaw, Jun., be, and he hereby authorized and desired to draw a letter of credit
is
in
favour of the Captain or Commander of the ship Oliver Cromwell, to be made use of to obtain necessary repairs or supplies for said ship in any foreign port where she may fall, and the said Mr. Shaw shall be indemnified this
by
State against thereof.
all
that
damage may accrue to him by means (Copy delivered Captain Coit, December 14th,
1776.) His Honour the Governour to permit Mr. Andrew to transport Pork and
is desired to give orders, and Huntington and other Commissaries
Flour out of this State to the State of Rhode-Island, to be delivered into the hands of Colonel
Champion, Captain Jared Tracy, or Asa Waterman, Jun., for the use of the Connecticut
State.
troops in the service in that
this Board, That Colonel Eraslus Wokott, New-London, be requested and ordered to employ men under his command he can spare to be cutting
drawn on the Pay-Table, in making Carriages, for the sum of 60, and to be in account. (Order drawn December 14th, 1776, and delivered to Mr. Lax.) After the Council broke up, drew an order upon the Pay-Table for Gamaliel Babcock, going express to Ticonderoga, for 10, to enable him to bear his expenses, and to
be accountable.
(Signed by the Governour.)
Providence, Saturday, December 14, 1776.
Saturday morning
last,
Commodore
Sir Peter
Parker,
with about seventy sail of men-of-war and transports, came into our bay from New- York, and anchored above the harbour at Newport. On Sunday they landed a of
body
troops
under the Generals Clinton and Percy, who took possession of the town, the inhabitants having previously determined
was not defensible against the enemy's shiptroops we had on the island retreated to Bristol, leaving behind them some pieces of artillery. By the best accounts yet received, the enemy's troops do not consist of more than five thousand men among them are a number of Hessians, some Horse, and many invalids. that the place
The few
ping.
;
House
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety of Connecticut, December 14th, 1776 Present His Honour the Governour, Eliphalet Dyer,
at Stonington,
1222
the ship Oliver Cromwell. Voted, That an order be favour of William Lax, for
They
William Duer, Esq., Fishkill.
the Troops
1776.
and making Fascines as fast as possible, and employ such further number of hands as he thinks proper, in New-London and vicinity thereof, as labourers for said purpose, and have them prepared and brought to Fort Trumbull, in NewLondon, as soon as may be, and preparations there make for placing of them, so as on any sudden occasion the vacancy on the back of said fort may be filled up with fascines, so as to secure die men who may be in said fort on anysudden atlack. Doct. Albigence Waldo is appointed Chief Surgeon of
are intrenching, it is said, at a place called MeetingHill, three miles distant from Bristol
Ferry. appearance of the fleet, the Militia and Independent companies of this State have been in motion, and are since joined by a large body of troops, with some companies of artillery, from the neighbouring States. The readiness and zeal manifested on the occasion by the troops of this and our sister States, reflect on them the highest credit, and we hope will prove a happy presage of their success, should the enemy attempt to gain a lodgment
From
for
DECEMBER,
Resolved by
Albany, December
DEAR
fee.,
the
first
town or penetrate the country. hear that the enemy's troops were escorted into Newport by a set of well-known infamous Tories, who have long infested that town, and who may yet possibly meet with the fate justly due to their atrocious villainies. We learn that two of the enemy's frigates lie at or near Seconet passage, another near Bristol, and a fourth at the north end of Prudence Island. Some persons, it is said, have been taken up and commitin this
We
ted to
Newport, for the heinous crime of bearing arms King of Great Britain. Thursday last, a person by the name of Wood was brought town and committed to jail, having been detected in carjail
at
against the to
rying provisions to Newport. Thursday last, the honourable General Assembly of this State met here.
Saturday last, two frigates landed some men at one of the Elisabeth Islands, where they burnt two houses and killed and carried off" a few sheep. number of our people landed soon after on the island, killed three of the pirates, and drove the rest on board their ships.
A
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO COLONEL GOLDING.
War Office, Boston, December 14, 1776. GENTLEMEN: The Board having occasion for a quantity of pork and beef, and hearing by Mr. Brown you inclined to contract, herewith
send you the terms upon which any
five hundred barrels of beef and one thouquantity within For good merchantsand barrels of pork, will be taken in :
able pork, three shillings, old tenour, per pound ; for good merchantable beef, twenty-six shillings, lawful money, per
hundred weight. The Board allow four
shillings
per barrel for every good
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1223
The Board also find salt. It is expected white-oak barrel. You will observe the the beef be delivered at Waterlown.
The easiest and cheapthere also. pork must be delivered method will be to drive and kill near our magazine. In behalf of the Board: SAM'L P. SAVAGE, President pro tern.
est
Colonel John
What money
is
DECEMBER,
estate of
two hundred pounds,
Council
for the
1224
1776.
members
to serve as
of the
year ensuing. And the Clerk of your town is hereby directed to seal up all such votes under cover, and send them to the house of Mr. Green, in Wentworth, in your County, by the second Wednesday in December next, directed to Francis WorcesCharles Johnson, and Abel Chandler, a Committee ap-
ter,
and Mr. Malachy Mcrril.
necessary will be advanced, secufor the performance of the contract being given.
P. S. rity
G aiding
Sic.,
pointed to receive them. And it is Resolved, That no person be allowed a seat in Council or Assembly, who shall, by himself or any person for him, before said choice, treat with liquor, &ic., any elect-
with an apparent view of gaining their votes, or afterwards on that account. And make return of this writ, with your doings thereon, into the Secretary's Office at Exeter, by the third Wednesor,
MESHECH WEARE TO NEW-HAMPSHIKE DELEGATES AT CONGRESS. Exeter, December 14, 1776.
order of the General Assembly, I transmit a resolve of theirs, enclosed in the letter to the President, and desire your attention in getting the money forwarded as
GENTLEMEN By :
day
be augmented, I think
it
can be
laid
of which you are well acquainted with,) has hitherto hindered our accounts from being forwarded, but they are now accounts only considerably forward, some few outstanding
And
as
upon a hasty
we have
reflection
raised,
will appear that a very large sum is due to supplied, &.C., it If some could be transmitted it would now put us in a us.
situation of going forward in the general defence
much
better
we
can do. No money can be procured here for the Continental bank, or any other, under six per cent.; and indeed I think no that. Privateering, buying up prize cargoes, great sums for and monopolizing them at any price, seems to be the attention of the mercantile part, who have the- money in their than otherwise
hands. I enclose you an address of several towns in the County of Grafton, to the people at large, (fabricated, 1 suppose, at Dartmouth College,) and calculated to stir up contentions
and animosities among us at this difficult time, especially as our Government is only temporary, and the state of matters not allowing a revisal. However, this pamphlet, with assihas had such an effect, that duity of the College gentlemen,
almost the whole County of Grafton, if not the whole, have refused to send members to the new Assembly, which is to
meet next Wednesday. I am, gentlemen, your humble servant,
MESHECH WEARE.
To Matthew
Thornton and William Whipple.
VOTES OF TOWNS OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE ON ELECTING REPRESENTATIVES. State
of NEW-HAMPSHIRE
of Hanover, Canaan, and Cardipaying taxes in the towns fifteen
order of the Council and Assembly
:
E. THOMPSON, Secretary. Exeter, September 30th, 1776.
Hanover, November 27th, 1776.
Pursuant to the within precept, we notified the inhabitants paying taxes in the towns of Hanover, Canaan, and Cardigan, to meet at the Meeting-house in said Hanover this day, for the purposes within mentioned, who being met, passed the following Votes, viz: 1st. Voted unanimously, That the Address of the inhabitants of this and other towns, to the people of the several
towns through in July last, is
this
Colony, published by
their
Committees
truly expressive of our sentiments respecting
representation, and the unconstitutional formation and pro-
cedures of the present Assembly of this State. 2d. Voted unanimously, That we will not choose a Representative, as directed in the precept issued by the Assembly of this State, for the following reasons, viz Because no plan of representation is as yet formed in 1 . this State consistent with the liberties of a free people, in :
have not universally had a full representation any Assembly since the State was declared independent of the Crown of Great Britain, by which declaration we conceive that the powers of Government reverted to the that the people in
people at large, and, of course, annihilated the political existence of the Assembly which then was; notwithstanding which they have since presumed to act in the name of the people, and in their precept undertake to prescribe and limit the mode of proceedure in our choice of a Representative, while it does not appear that they are to be chosen for the
and assuming purpose of recognizing the rights of the people such Government as shall be agreeable to them, though nothing of that nature has at any time been done in this State, except a plan formed by the Representatives of a part of this State, by which the whole rights of the people are
assumed by that House. 2. Because the precept, in consequence of which this meeting was called, is inconsistent with the liberties of a free people, in that it directs to have different corporate towns (who have a right to act by themselves in all cases) to unite for the purpose of choosing a Representative and Counsellor.
:
The Government and People of said State to the Selectmen of HANOVER, in said State, greeting : You are hereby required to notify the legal inhabitants gan, (giving them
By
out for
Great sums have been advanced to the Militia sent to Six hundred are now raisTiconderoga, New-York, &.c. in a few days for New- York, in consequence ing, to march Such has been the hurry and of a request of General Lee. the amazing difficulties we have had to wade through, (many
hindering.
December next.
M. WEARE, President. P. WHITE, Speaker.
The soon as possible, as our Treasury is nearly empty. and the depreciation thereof, has of money, paper plenty such an effect we are fearful of making more. Very considerable quantities of shoes, leather breeches, and some other articles, can be procured here; and if the sum of money requested can clothing here.
in
days notice,) to meet at some con-
venient place in your town, to elect one person, having a real estate of the value of two hundred pounds lawful money represent them in the Assembly, to be held at Exeter, on the third Wednesday in December next, at three o'clock in the afternoon, and to empower such Repre-
in this State, to
one year from their first meeting, to transact such business and pursue such measures as they sentative, for the term of
may judge necessary for the publick good. And the person who shall be elected you are to notify that he attend at time and place above-mentioned. And at said meeting, each voter, as aforesaid, on one paper, is to bring in votes for one person, being a reputable freeholder and inhabitant within your County, having a real
Because it limits us in our choice to a person who has two hundred pounds, lawful money; whereas we conceive that there ought to be no pecuniary restriction, 3.
real estate of
but that every elector is capable to be elected. 3d. Voted unanimously, That the Selectmen be directed to make return of the foregoing vote, with the reasons an nexed, together with the precept, to the Assembly proposed to
be held at Exeter, on the third Wednesday
in
December
next. 4th. Voted unanimously, That we will not give in our votes for a Counsellor as directed in the precept 1. Because we can see no important end proposed by :
their
creation, unless
to negative
the proceedings of the
House of Representatives, which we humbly conceive ought not to be done 2.
in
a free State.
Because every elector ought
to
have a voice
in
the
choice of each Counsellor, (in cases where they are needful,) and not be restricted in his choice to any particular limits within the State. For which reason we protest against any
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1225
Counsellor being chosen
in this
County
in
as directed
the
precept. 5th.
Voted unanimously, That the Clerk be directed
to
return of the last Vote, with the reasons annexed, and our Protest, as the precept directs, relative to vote for a
make
Counsellor. 6th.
And
Voted, That this meeting be dissolved. it
was accordingly
the inhabitants of the town of Lyme, and convened at the house of Ebenezer warned, legally Green, Esq., on Monday, the 25th of November, and continued by adjournment to Monday, the 2d of December in-
At a meeting of
stant
:
Voted, That the pamphlet lately published by the Committee of the towns of Lyme, Hanover, Lebanon, and Plainfield, is truly expressive of our sentiments on Representation, and the unconstitutional formation and proceedings 1st.
of the present Assembly. 2d. Voted, That we cannot comply with the precept issued to this town, in conjunction with five other towns, for for the
following, viz: choosing a Representative, Because the present plan of Representation is entirely inconsistent with a free State, where every corporate town hath
reasons
right to act for themselves in choosing a membecause the elections are limber of the Legislative body ited to persons of 200, lawful money, real estate, for their
an undoubted
;
choice, whereas every elector
in free States
is
capable of
being elected. 3d. Voted, That the Clerk be directed to make returns of our reasons for our non-compliance, to the proposed Assembly that is to sit at Exeter, on the third Wednesday of
December next. Voted, That we cannot comply with the direction to the choice of a Counsellor in manner proposed in the precept, for the reasons following First, Because that in every free :
State the people have an undoubted right to their voice in the choice of the whole Council, either by themselves or their Representatives; secondly, because we cannot see any good to certain limits within the proposed by confining the electors State for their choice.
3d. Voted, That the Clerk be directed to make return of our reasons for non-compliance to the Committee appointed for the receiving of the votes for a Counsellor, and also to enter a protest against the choice.
JONA. CHILD,
Test:
The
reasons
why we do
Acworth, Lempster,
Town
Clerk.
not join with the towns of Unity,
Croydon, and Newport, as
Saville,
we
Then did last year, in choosing a Representative, is this, viz we supposed they was to act only upon the present exigencies of the Government; but now the case is much altered. :
The
honourable Continental Congress has declared their independence of Great Britain ; therefore we think that the has not taken right methods in issuing out present Assembly their precepts for the choice of Representatives and Counyear ensuing ; for, in the first place, they have, as to Representatives in some incorporated towns, allowed two or three Representatives to others they have joined five sellors for the
;
we think every incorporated be represented by themselves. Then, as to Counsellors, in one County they have ordered five, in some two, and in one County but one, which we look upon not for as this State is but one according to liberty body, we think they ought to be chose by the people at large. And also they have ordered that neither of these shall have a seat in the Assembly without they have real estate to the value of two hundred pounds, lawful money; whereas we think every lawful elector is a subject to be elected. Voted, That the above reasons be sent to the Council and Assembly of this State, which is to convene together at
or six towns together, whereas
town ought
to
;
Exeter, the third Wednesday of this instant, and that the Clerk shall sign it in behalf of the town. This done at a legal town meeting, Acworth, December
Town
9th, 1776.
A
true copy.
Attest:
TER, on the third
THOMAS PUTNAM, Moderator. SAM'L SILSBY, Town Cleric.
1226
1776.
WEDNESDAY O/DECEMBER
instant:
The
petition of the inhabitants of the towns of Marlow, That whereas it is Alstead, and Surrey, humbly showeth the advice and direction of the Continental Congress relative :
vised
ICHABOD FOWLER, THOMAS DURKEE, Selectmen of Hanover.
Attest:
DECEMBER,
To the honourable Council and Assembly of the Colony of NEW-HAMPSHIUK, to be convened and assembled at EXE-
to the
dissolved.
Sic.,
assuming Civil Government in this Colony, have adand directed the Provincial Congress of this Colony,
previous to their assuming a form of Civil Government, that they at their Convention do grant warrants for a full and free election of Representatives in this
Colony
;
and whereas
various couplinif in the western o of various towns together r o parts of Colony, and allowing but one Representative to a
coupling, and we being differently treated from the major parts of this Colony, who are allowed a Representative to
and whereas the towns of Marlow, Alstead, and ; Surrey, are towns incorporated with all invariable privileges and immunities that any other towns do or may enjoy in this Colony, and being thus coupled together, as aforesaid, are each town
abridged or curtailed of the privilege of each individual town electing a Representative, which we humbly conceive cannot be construed to be a full and free election or representation of the said Colony, agreeable to the advice of the Continen-
Congress above recited we, therefore, your humble pewould beseech the honourable Council and House
tal
;
titioners,
of Representatives, that previous to the further pursuing the plan of Civil Government, that there may warrants be granted for a full and free election or representation of each of the individual towns above-mentioned, pursuant to the advice of thus shall your humble duty bound, ever pray. SAM'L GRISTIN, WOOLSTON BROCKWAY, ABSALOM KINGSBITRY, JONATHAN SMITH, Committee from Marlow, Alstead, and Surrey.
the Continental Congress aforesaid
;
petitioners, as in
Dated Colony of New- Hampshire, Marlow, December llth, A. D. 1776. Representative fc'or the Town of IAMPSHIRE: CHESTERFIELD, in the State q/*N EW-H> SIR: Whereas it having pleased Almighty God to humble
To Mr. MICHAEL CREASY,
T
the people of this land, by permitting the tyrant of Great Britain and his minions, in the fullness of their rage, to prevail against them, by Province in his late
subverting the
civil constitution
ofevery
American dominions,
affecting thereby the introduction of vice
the activity of law and justice, and and profaneness, attended with domestick confusion, and all the calamities attendant on a dissolution of the power of Civil Government, which, in this alarming progress, have made it absolutely necessary for each State to separate itself from that land from whence their forefathers were exiled by the cruel hand of tyranny, and to form for itself, under the Ruler of all the earth, such plans of Civil Government as the people thereof should think most conducive to their own Notwithstanding the importance of safety and advantage. an equitable system of Government, as it affects ourselves and our posterity, we are brought to the disagreeable necessity of declaring, that it is our candid opinion that the State of New-Hampshire, instead of forming an equitable plan of Government, conducing to the peace and safety of the State, have been influenced by the iniquitous intrigues and secret designations of persons unfriendly, to settle down upon the dregs of Monarchical and Aristocratical tyranny, in imita-
of their late British oppressor. We can by no means imagine ourselves so far lost to a sense to the natural rights and immunities of ourselves and our fellow men, as to imagine that the State can be either safe or happy under a constitution formed without the knowledge or particular authority of a great part of its inhabitants; a constitution which tion
no man knows the contents
of, except that the whole Legisis to be of the State entirely vested in the will power and pleasure of a House of Representatives, and that chosen according to the sovereign determination of their own will,
lative
by allowing
to
some towns sundry voices
in
the said House,
others but one, and others none; and in a Council of twelve men, five of which are always to be residents of Rockingham
County, who, by the assistance of two others of said Council, have the power of a casting voice in all State afiiiirs. Thus we see the important affairs of the State liable to be converted to the advantage of a small part of the Slate, and the
emolument of
its
offices,
by reason of the other part of
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1227
the State not having an equal or equitable share in the to counterbalance the designs of the other.
Government
You
are therefore authorized and instructed to exert your-
self to the utmost to procure a redress of the afore-mentioned grievances, and in case they will not comply, to return home for further instructions.
SOLOMON HARVEY, per order Com. Chesterfield,
December ye
&c.,
DECEMBER,
vengeance, and their full of
As
for risking
1228
1776.
every thing, rather than not have
it.
French and Spaniards, they bold in contempt and il they should be such fools, why, we will kill them too. Admiral Kepptl has (upon being applied to) accepted the command of the grand fleet of observation, which is
the
to the
idea of their interference
;
for the protection of this country against our natuenemies, at the same time fully declaring his perseverance in his sentiments of the impolicy of our contest with our fellow-subjects of America. He seems just the same
intended
12th, 1776.
ral
The Inhabitants of the Towns of HAVERHILL, LTMAN, BATH, GUNTHWAIT, LANDAFF, and MOKRISTOWN. At
meeting legally warned, consequence of a precept from the Assembly at Exeter, for the purpose of choosing a Representative, as also to give in their votes for a Counsellor for the County of Grnfton, having refused a compliance a
in
with said precept, have chosen us, the subscribers, a Committee to return the precept, together with the reasons of
non-compliance; which reasons are as follows, viz: Because no plan of Representation has yet been formed in this State consistent with the liberties of a free people; and it is our humble opinion, that when the Declaration of Independency took place, the Colonies were absolutely in a stiite of nature, and the powers of Government reverted to the people at large, and of consequence annihilated the political existence of the Assembly which then
very well
as last year in
have fixed
in health,
He
but
afflicted with the
still
Mr. Rogers, his When you you and Mrs. hard. upon your time lor leaving England, I hope you
his legs. spasms best compliments to
desires, as does
wife unites with acquaint rne with it. regards to you, Mrs. Jzard, and all your family. 1 am, dear sir, very heartily, yours,
My
will
me
in best
CLAUDF. CRESPIGMY.
their
First.
ANDREW BUCHANAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore County, December 15, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: have given the
I received yours per Colonel Ewing, and necessary orders to your Militia to hold
Secondly. Because the precept directs to have a number of different towns (who have an undoubted right to act by
themselves ready to march at short notice. I am asked by the Militia how they are to be provided with tents, arms, baggage wagons, &c. It would be necessary to let me know how they are to be procured. If those necessaries
themselves separately) to unite for the purpose of choosing a Representative and Counsellors. Thirdly. Because we are limited in our choice of a Representative to a person who has a real estate of two hundred
The
was.
pounds, lawful money; whereas we conceive that every is capable of being elected. Fourthly. Because that no Bill of Rights has been drawn up, or form of Government come into, agreeable to the minds of the people of this State, by any Assembly peculiarly chosen for that purpose, since the Colonies were declared independent of the Crown of Great Britain. refuse to give our votes for a Counsellor, Fifthly. because we conceive that in a free State there ought not to be a Council invested with the power to negative the proceedings of the House of Representatives. Sixthly. Because, if a Council is necessary, every elector ought to have a voice in the choice of each Counsellor, and not to be restricted to any particular limits within this State.
are not provided before orders are given for the Militia to march, it will retard them much. I
am, gentlemen, yours,
Sic.,
AND. BUCHANAN.
honourable Council of Safety, Maryland.
elector
We
For which reasons we chosen
in this
County,
protest against a Counsellor being as directed in the precept.
EPH'M WESSON, JOHN YOUNG, JOHN CLARK, Haverhill,
December
ELISHA CLEAVELAND, JAMES BAYLEY, Committee.
13th, 1776.
CLAUDE CRESPIGNY TO RALPH IZARD. Bath, England, December 15, 1776.
DF.AR SIR: with yours. for
it
before.
begin to think
York
I
It
is
near a fortnight since
I
was favoured
am much ashamed not to have thanked you No news yet arrived from New- York. I that Sir W. Howe will be satisfied with New-
his winter quarters, and will finish the glorious without campaign attempting to force Washington's lines. Mr. Bitrgoyne, since his return, I find, affects great silence, and only says, that C'arleton intends to begin the next campaign as early as possible with the attack of Ticonderoga. Dacre, who was sent home with the account of the success upon the lakes, does justice to Arnold, and acknowledges that the disposition of his force, the defence he made against for
so superiour an enemy, and the management of his retreat, all did him great honour. Every one, as you may imagine, is
impatient to hear from
the
Howes.
The
Ministerialists
to fear that
pretend they are treating with the Rebels, and are inclined to give too good terms, before they have given them a hearty drubbing their very words. For my own part, 1 totally despair of any amicable settlement of the dismust pute, and sincerely lament the bruises that both parties
At the same time I most heartily execrate the authors of the mischief, and detest still more, if possible, their senseless addressors, who are still crying out ibr more receive.
GENERAL ARMSTRONG TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Philadelphia, 15th December, 1776.
SIR
am now
ordered by General Washington to attempt sundry pieces of publick service, part whereof were to have been verbally opened to Congress; but as your late
I
:
me that pleasure, I can only by inform you what these intended services are. General, under the last necessity, not knowing how
adjournment forbids
this letter
The
far a strong
and elated enemy may design
to avail
them-
selves of your circumstances by a rapid winter campaign, has desired me, as far as weather and strength will admit, to
traverse the sundry parts of the State of Pennsylvania, to inspirit the Militia occasionally to turn out, and to aid the recruiting service by prompting the younger men to inlist,
and
to appoint proper places for magazines of provisions on a certain direction, naming the quantities to be laid in at I mean each place. quantity in the first instance ; and have
accordingly ordered the Commissary, Mr. Wharton, to lay in at the gulph mill, on the west side of Schuylkill, eight days' provisions for ten thousand men ; at Lancaster, three months' ditto for twelve thousand and further thmight,
would now rather direct half the last quantity at Right's Ferry, which yet may be easily corrected; at York-Town for five thousand, three months; with quantities of forage at each place. Carlisle and Lebanon left to further consideration same purposes, and the above sent to the General
for the
for his
1 am of opinion that too much cannot inspection, &.c. well be got, and that three months' salt provisions for forty thousand men ought to be in reserve for next summer.
Give
me
leave to inform your Honour,
1
am
charged by
the General to signify to Congress his earnest wishes that an augmentation of the Continental Army at least to that
of one hundred
be of the enemy to bring more foreign troops, and the uncertainty of our Militia, the expediency of the measure appears beyond a doubt nor can any man answer, from the present prevailing spirit in several of the middle States, that the arms of tyranny will not be augmented from this side the water. Permit me to mention the article of small-arms, by which I mean at least the middle size musket and bayonet, and Please to forsalt, as perhaps requiring the first attention. give the notice taken of these last; is not meant to offend the anxiety and vigilance of Congress already exerted to procure them, but only to revive the idea, and show the pressbattalions
thought of and concluded
;
;
in
the whole,
may
early
as, considering the efforts
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1229
ing necessity of more, persuaded as I am that a number of men may be got, but without arms; and of those you
have,
many
are insufficient, and the scarcity of salt like to
discourage our people at large. I thought to have talked with the General on the subject of Light- Horse, but forgot it through the pressing in of other things. If Congress should have any further commands, I may be at Carlisle about three weeks hence, or from that place they may be sent to me and have the honour to be, your Honour's most obedient, humble servant, ;
JOHN ARMSTRONG. P. S. General Smallwood is immediately required to proceed on the business of inspiriting the Militia, as there may bean occasion, through the State of Maryland, and encourTiiat gentlemen, aging the recruiting service in the same. now in Maryland, should have early notice given him.
The Hon. John Hancock.
DECEMBER,
fee.,
Symes
tells
me
H7G.
1230
that a considerable
near Burlington, and
will
march
body of the enemy are about noon. Captain
in
confirms this, but cannot certainly ascertain the number, but gives the following account of the arrangement of the enemy's Army for the winter: That. the main Army was at or near Trenton; a large body had prepared to march to Brunswick yesterday, for the winter, which place was to be Head-Quarters five hundred men at Burlington, five hundred at Bordentown,five hundred at Trenton, and a number to each town in that part of the country, equal to its size. This was the conversation at Trenton among the officers and inhabitants, who have submitted and joined the enemy. I have sent several persons over for intelligence, and last night sent Captain Shippen, with twenty good men. One of the men sent yesterday morning to Mount Holly to inquire whether the enemy had gone that way, he there conversed with a man well known for his attachment to our cause, who informed him that six hundred lay last night at the Black-Horse, about nine miles from He Burlington. saw them on their march in the following order the advanced party of two hundred near the Black-Horse ; two hundred at Mansfield. Meeting; two hundred at the RisingThe line extended about three miles; Sun, or Square. but the whole were to march to the Black-Horse. They had five brass field-pieces. On his return he came through Burlington, and was there informed that the troops seen at Black-Horse were the advanced party of about two thousand Hessians. General Swing informed me yesterday that upwards of two thousand Hessians were seen going into Bordentown, in the afternoon. I have sent off the man
Murray
;
:
rENNSTLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO GEN. WASHINGTON. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
December
15th, 1776.
SIR General Mifflin sent three hundred suits of clothes to Neshamine Ferry, with orders that they remain there until your Excellency should direct them to be sent forward. On the representation of the commanding officer of the Penn:
sylvania regiment, that his men are greatly distressed for want of necessary clothing at this very inclement season of the year, we have ordered the said clothes to the quarters of that regiment, that, should your Excellency think proper to direct a distribution to them, they may be at hand for that
purpose.
A
quantity of clothing had been provided by this State found necessary to give out
for their regiment, which we amongst the new recruits for this city
they
out of the
may
be
Continental service raised
in
men
lately returned from the Army, that distinguished ; for want of it, some of them
times over, and it was found impossible take the imbody them, or command their services. liberty to hint these particulars, that your Excellency may judge of the propriety of having these clothes distributed
had
inlisted
many
We
to
of their clothing, which was among regiment recruits. we would by no to the Nevertheless, supplied means presume to dictate to your Excellency, nor would we wish such an appropriation should in any wise interfere with the publick good, of which your Excellency must be a in
said
lieu
more competent judge, and
in
We
such of the
Army
as are most necessitous, until
we
becoming spirit. We are likewise certainly informed that two battalions, amounting to several hundred men, Jersey Militia, are at Cooper's Ferry; two battalions are on their march from Dover, three from Lancaster, and one from Chester; so that we have no doubt your Excellency will soon have a sufficient reinforcement to check the progress of the enemy.. By order of Council. I
have the honour to be, with much respect,
THQS WHARTON,
sir,
your obe-
Jun., President.
His Excellency General Washington.
COLONEL CADWALADER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. SIR:
I
Bristol, 15th December, 1776. received your despatches to-day, and have sent
Captain Alexander's company to Philadelphia. Mr. Symes (Lieutenant in R. H. Emigrants, who now acts as assistant Aid-de-Camp to General Howe) came over from Burlington this morning, with a number of officers and He says that General Lee was privates, to be exchanged. taken
is
this morning to ascertain the facts. not more than five or six hundred men in Bur-
lington to-night, and no shall attack them about
body to sustain them if attacked, I daylight to-morrow morning. The person sent over to-day is a very intelligent, spirited officer in the Jersey regulars, and I hope will give me information time enough to make the I necessary preparations. have ordered two
go up Neshaminy, and make recommended, and shall transmit the
officers to
the observations you
'to you as soon as possible. General Howe is certainly gone whole is a scheme to amuse and
report
by surprise lust Friday afternoon, by about thirty Light-Horse. Captain Murray, one of the prisoners, informs me that Captain Montresure told him the same story at Trenton, and he has no doubt of the fact.
to
New-York, I
surprise.
unless the
shall,
from
time to time, inform you of every material piece of intelligence. I am, with the greatest respect, your Excellency's most obedient, very humble servant,
JOHN CADWALADER. P. S. Messrs. John, Andrew, and William Allen, are at Trenton. Captain Murray saw them.
can
provide such as are more suitable for the soldiery. Since we had the honour of writing the 14th instant to your Excellency, we have reason to believe the Militia of Lancaster, York, and Cumberland, are turning out with
dient servant,
If there
whose determination we have
the most implicit confidence. have sent a quantity of old clothes, collected from the charitable and well-disposed inhabitants, to be presented to
who came over
COLONEL CADWALADEH TO ROBERT MORRIS. Bristol, 15th
DEAR SIR
December, 1776.
Lieutenant Symes, of R. H. Emigrants, came over to-day from Burlington with a number of prisHe says that General Lee was suroners for exchange. prised and taken on Friday afternoon, by about thirty Light- Horse. Captain Murray, one.of the prisoners of Colonel Atlee, tells me there is no doubt of this report, and that Captain Montresure informed him of it at Trenton. He says Messrs. John, Andrew, and William Allen, are at Trenton ; that General Howe set off The yesterday for York. main Army was near Trenton, but a large body was to set :
off yesterday for Brunswick. About five hundred Hessians are now on their march for Burlington. Whether there is
a large body behind we cannot yet learn ; but the story abroad was, that the main Army was to quarter at Brunswick ; the small town on the river to be garrisoned. Perthis may be given out to amuse. A Captain Alexander went off yesterday, agreeable to orders. I should have sent him sooner, but I received only a verbal message. But now is our time, if the people have Damn dark
haps
!
For God's
sake, why did you remove from PhilaYou have given an invitation to the enemy; you delphia? have discovered a timidity that encourages our enemy and You have given a stab to yourcredit; our friends. dispirits and, if you can pay off your present Army, I believe you virtue.
cannot find money taken by surprise. troops that
retreated
may
to
to raise a
You it.
new
one.
should have
The
only
The
left
way
follow from this impolitick step
to is
city
cannot be
the city
when our
remedy the
to return.
It
evils
will
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1231
Some good stroke of a victory. the and the ravages of the enemy spiritsof some, may revive the spring will enrage others, so as to produce an Army in some or The wants. lucky cirsky may fall, equal to our cumstance happen, that may give a turn to our affairs. the spirits of the good face among men in power keeps up I ,,nl,.. and ,nd one cheerful countenance may do wonders. people, have run off with complaints, and am lead to make them d gloomy countenances seen wherever I go by the d Are the people coming from the soldiers. effect, almost,
have the
am,
I
?
with great respect and esteem, your most obe-
sir,
dient servant,
JOHN CADWALADKK.
1232
1776.
Qermantown, December
MY
13, 1776.
me
the most pungent pain gives must to inform your Excellency of the sad stroke America taken who was this General morning ft-iil in the loss of Lee, He ordered me yesterday near Vtaltown. the
DEAR GENERAL:
It
enemy by i, an by wnc 1 did, i, and to march for this place early, y eary which morning ' C.I'. J_ 1*, ~ r.t *' A nearer s to Barnett to induced Torvn, was he some fatahty go
,
except among the back country
DECEMBER,
&c.,
*
I
the
_
.'
three
enemy by
miles
than
we
were.
Some
Tories
doubtless gave information, and this morning seventy of the and after a gallant reLight-Horse surrounded the house, sistance by him and his domestics, he was made a prisoner. of 1 have taken every step to regain him, but almost despair the 10th I received your Excellency's letters to him of it. and 1 th instant, and shall endeavour to join the Army as A French gentleman, whose name is soon as possible. wrote on the cover thai encloses this, (Captain De Vernebehaved with great bravery in defending the General; joul.) and had his advice been taken, the General would have 1
To
the Hon. Robert Morris, Esq., Philadelphia.
TO COLONEL CADWALADER. [COLONEL WILLIAM GHAYSON] Head-Quarters, at Keith's House, December 15th, 1776.
His Excellency has desired me to acquaint you SIR from a prisoner who was that, by advice received last night r servant to Captain Btll, Aid-de-Camp to General l aughnn, he is informed that the enemy intend to return back indeed, the number of wagons which have been moving down towards Borden-Town, seems to favour this intelligence. His Excellency thinks they have a design of sending their the route of South-Amboy, forage wagons and baggage by us a front on the river for the purpose of andlhat
escaped.
Dear General,
:
;
they present while by sending them that road, effectually covering them, forced march from General Lee; a them against they secure for
line, they would have it in their However, the General is by no means he therefore desires you will is the case the utmost of your ability, and by every in discovering the movements and
should he cross their
power
to cross his.
certain
that this
exert yourself to
method
in
;
your power,
enemy in particular he requests you will be extremely attentive in finding out whether any number of wagons have filed off across the country towards SouthShould Amboy, either at Borden-Town or Burlington. that these are their views, and discover you, upon inquiry, that these forage wagons have small escorts, and that there is a strong probability that an attempt on them may be made with success, then you are to endeavour to effect so salutary a by sending proper parties to secure them.
intention of the
;
my
am,
To
sir,
with great respect, &.C.,
W. G.,A.D.
Colonel John Cadwalader, Pennsylvania
[Read
December
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL SULLIVAN. Head-Quarters,
15, 1776.
his captivity.
In respect to the enemy, they have been industrious in their attempts to procure boats and small craft, but as yet
have not succeeded.
From
the latest advices
I have of their movements, by some prisoners and others, they appear to be leaving Trenton, and to be filing What their designs off towards Princeton and Allentoiun.
that
whether they mean to retreat or only a feint, cannot be I have parties out to watch their motions, and Our to form, if possible, an accurate opinion of their plans. force since my last has received no augmentation of course But I am by sickness and other causes has diminished. advised by a letter from the Council of Safety, which just came to hand, that Colonels Burd and Galbraeth are marching with their battalions of Militia, and also that some small in Cumberland County. parties are assembling By Captain Murray, who is just returned from his im-
are,
determined.
;
we
informed that Messrs. John, Andrew, and fVillinm Allen, are at Trenton. The fact I suppose is to be depended on, as Captain Murray is acquainted with them, and saw 'em himself, according to the report he has prisonment,
are
made. 1 have the honour most obedient servant,
at Keith's,
December
15th, 1776.
SIR: About one o'clock to-day I received your the unletter of the 13th, and sincerely regret, with you, 1 know his feelings upon the Lee. General of fate happy must sustain in occasion, and 1 know the loss our country and I refer you to has event The his captivity. happened, which the several letters which I had wrote him, and to one
DEAR
and to my Lord himself, who, I goes to Lord Stirling, of my is with you, and who was fully possessed presume, ideas when he left me, for the measures you and he may
now
to adopt. judge necessary
am, dear
1
To
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Sic.,
Major-General
Sullivan.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Head -Quarters, Bucks County, 15th December, 1776. GENTLEMEN: With the utmost regret I must inform you eral
SIR: About one o'clock to-day I received a letter from I General ;neral Sullivan, a copy of which you have enclosed. will not comment on the melancholy intelligence which it contains, only adding, that I sincerely regret General Lee's unhappy fate, and feel much for the loss of my country in
their efforts
J NO . SULLIVAN.
of
Army has sustained by the captivity made a prisoner on the morning was who Lee,
of the loss our
20th.] at Keith's,
;
His Excellency General Washington.
C.
Militia.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Head -Quarters,
most heartily sympathize with you and and am your most obeaffecti.ig loss
dient servant,
purpose, 1
country
I
this
in
Gen-
of the
of the enemy's Light-Horse, 13th, by a party of seventy For the parnear a place called Vealtown, in the Jerseys. the enclosed from General Sullivan. ticulars, I refer you to
The spirit of disaffection that appears in this country, Instead of giving think deserves your serious attention. ., Militia have not the the enemy, an ass s tance in repelling I
i
on v i
and that of their obey your general summons at the approach of
re fused to
commanding officers, but I am told exult the enemy and our late misfortunes. 1
to your consideration, whether such beg leave to submit If they to be trusted with arms in their hands.
people^are will not use them for us, there will
is
the greatest reason to ap-
But
offers.
if
opportunity prehend they neuter: even supposing they claimed a right of remaining a moment in taking in my opinion we ought not to hesitate in furnishing the their arms, which will be so much wanted I leave meets a such If approbation, your new levies. step If you think fit to the mode. to determine it to upon you to have it done as speedily empower me, I will undertake You must be sensible that the as and against us,
possible.
effectually
utmost secrecy is necessary, both in your deliberations on, for if the and in the execution of, a matter of this kind the arms would presently be contake should wind, thing or rendered useless. veyed beyond our reach, Your 'favours of the 13lh and 14th instant are this moment come to my hands. I am glad to find, from the motion that the Militia of Lancaster County are in ;
;
latter,
in the hopes that General Mifflin's appearance it had in as effect an as have different Counties will good I have received 'information that the body
and
1
am
in
Philadelphia. Cornof the enemy which lay at Pennington, under Lord if Princetou-n towards ; back this moved morning wnllis,
to
be, with
great esteem,
sir,
your
Go< WASHINGTON.
they were going account brought corresponds with the
so,
it
looks as
if
into quarters last
;
and
night by
this
a pns-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1233
oner, a servant belonging to General
Vaughan's
family,
who
says he heard his master talk of going soon into winter quarThe body, lhat lay at Trenton, are likewise filing off ters. towards Alhntown and Bordentown, with their baggage; which makes me conjecture they are taking the road to South-Amboy. I have a number of small parties out to
make
and if the motions of the enemy are have mentioned above, I shall soon have
discoveries
really such as 1
information of
;
mean
In the
it.
my troops are so stafrom crossing the river at any
tioned as to prevent them
time,
I am in great hopes and the lateness of the season, which now begins to put on the face of winter, will prevent their making any attempt upon Philadelphia till This, however, should not in the least slacken spring.
place without our knowledge.
that the disappointment in
But
boats,
your exertions in making the necessary preparations for the fortification and defence of ihe city, by land and water; for you may be assured that will be their first and great object in the spring. I have the
To
honour
to be, &,c.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
I have altered
night that their enemies then threw into the stable, confused manner, as if to so many hogs, a quantity of old biscuit, broken and in crumbs, mostly moulded, and some of it crawling with maggots, which they were obliged to scramble for, without any division that the next they had a
Monday
Delaware
intend to cross
intelligence of a large
and
and
at other times biscuit, peas,
about two weeks
a church in
possible this night, as 1 have body of the enemy being about
Morristown, 15th December, 1776.
had hopes of meeting you or Gates at this place, but am informed that you are at or about Topan; that General Gates is passed across the My business was to push on Lee's and country higher up. I have Gates's armies to join with General Washington. hopes that they will both effect it, though I must own I have my apprehensions of those under Sullivan being intercepted, except he puts in execution what I recommended to him, which was to make a forced march yesterday, to get to the if he did, the troops could be got across ferry last evening As it was but eighteen miles from the place in the night. he was at, it might have been executed, and he could have sent his baggage higher up the river, to the place where Gates will cross. I had no orders for you. What the General gave me in command was, to proceed to General Lee, I
;
The day I carne up with his Army to push him forward. was the day when he was so unfortunately taken prisoner. I was to proceed from him to push on Greaton's, Bond's, Porter's, Patterson's, Stork's, Poor's, and Reed's, which, I will follow this I suppose, are with Gates and Arnold.
day, if I can find out their route, which is a very difficult Should you come this way with your troops, it will matter. be necessary to send some person two days before you,
Being confined
rice.
that afterwards they were carried on board a ship, where about five hundred of them were confined below deck ; that during their in
New-York,
confinement they suffered greatly with cold, not being allowed any fire that they are all along treated with the ;
greatest indignity, and insulted by soldiers, by the inhabitants of New-York, numbers of women, and even
by
by
negroes ; that great numbers died in this confinement, some times three, sometimes four, or more, every day, and one day nine died ; and that they themselves are in a frail state of health, occasioned by this barbarous usage; and many of
them who were released died upon the road before they
SAMUEL v YOUNG, WILLIAM HOUSTON.
before us,
if
COLONEL MOYLAN TO GENERAL HEATH.
DEAR GENERAL:
day
;
pork given to each of them, which they were obliged to eat raw, and that afterwards they got sometimes a bit of pork,
now
twenty miles yesterday afternoon on my left. They may possibly intercept your march, therefore would advise you to take no notice of my line of march here, but follow the This, I am informed, is straightest direction to Easton. from Morris-Town to Black River, thence to or near Hackelt's Town, thence to Easton is, I am told, a good road to facilitate your march. Dear sir, I am your most obedient servant, JNO. SULLIVAN. Heath. Major-General
MY
;
little
Sworn
route to Easton, where I
my
1234
in a
GENERAL SULLIVAN TO GENERAL HEATH. :
1776.
reached home.
the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
SIR
DECEMBER,
&c.,
December 15th, 1776: ROBERT SMITH, JAMES PROUDFOOT,
James Shannon
in all things says the same, except as to of health, which is now good, though formerly very poor, and declares he cannot write.
his present state
Samuel Young, being solemnly sworn after the manner in Scotland, by lifting up the right hand, and interrogate, deposeth, &c. Mr. William Houston, being sworn in the same manner, deposeth in every thing the same as Samuel Young, above. William Houston, James Shannon, also sworn in the same used
manner, says the same, &tc. William Darlington, a private
in Captain Wallace's company of the Flying-Camp of Pennsylvania, on his solemn oath, testified, that they, the prisoners, were very roughly used at Harlaem, on their way from Fort Washington to New-York ; that at New-York eight hundred of them were stowed into a house called New-Bridewell; that it was a that on the cold, open house, the windows not glazed Monday they received their provisions that they had not one mouthful from early on the unfortunate Saturday mornthat then, and so on afterwards, their rations ing until then for three days, each individual, were one half pound of biscuit, ;
;
;
half a pound of pork, a half pint of peas, half a gill of rice, and half an ounce of butter; the whole not more than enough for one good meal that they were defrauded of this petty allowance, two days' rations, each week ; that they had no straw or hay to lie on ; and no fuel, but one cart-load, per week, for the eight hundred men ; that at nine of the clock at evening, the Hessian guards would come in and put out the fires, and lay on the poor prisoners with heavy clubs for sitting round the fire that the water was very bad, as ;
;
well as their bread, beyond
all comparison bad, except once, and once good baker's bread that they began to die like rotten sheep, with cold, hunger, and dirt; that those prisoners who had any good wearing apparel, such as buckskin breeches or good coats, were necessitated to sell them, to purchase bread to keep them alive lhat the enemy
good
biscuit,
;
;
seemed
to take a kind
of infernal pleasure
Signed by
without this, to provide bread and other provisions for you you will find this place very destitute of all sorts of neces-
in their
sufferings.
WM. DARLINGTON.
;
saries.
God humble
There
bless you,
neither hay or grain for your horses. my dear General; believe me your assured,
servant,
c
is
,..
STEPHEN MOYLAN.
DEPOSITIONS RELATIVE TO THE CONDUCT AND BEHAVIOUR OF THE BRITISH ARMY.
Samuel Young, being solemnly sworn and interrogate: That he was taken prisoner at Fort Washington, by the that he English Army, on Saturday, the day of was carried a few miles with the other prisoners that night, and kept in some out-houses till Monday, when they came to New-York, and there were confined, he and others, to the number of about five hundred, in a stable, and that all this while they had no victuals given them of any kind till the ;
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Hackensack, December 15th, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL: On
the 12th instant I reached Tapan, and yesterday made a forced march to this place with so much secrecy and despatch that the inhabitants had no knowledge of my coming. The enemy had left the town
except five, whom we took two of them have taken about fifty of the disaffected, and about fifty or sixty muskets, the greater part of which had been taken from the Whigs, as is supposed, and stored. At the dock we found one sloop, loaded with hay, house furniture, some spirits, &c., which we have this day unloaded. A brig, loaded, run down the river about seven miles, and
some days
sick.
since,
got aground. the effects.
78
;
We
I
A
am
afraid that we shall not be able to secure schooner, loaded with hay, furniture, Sic.,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1235
which had sailed from the dock, ran on the bank of the river, the wind being very fresh, and in the night overset, by which the goods were damaged, if not lost. Two or three companies have been raising here and in one Buskark Colthe vicinity, and field officers appointed
ious to
his
house
we
found
fifty
barrels of flour, a
number
of hogsheads of rurn, &.C.; and at one Brown's, who is Lieutenant-Colonel, about one thousand pounds of cheese, fee.
One Ten Penny
is
They
Major.
are
all
know
York, to have matters properly settled, get ammunition, I arms, &.C., and were to have returned on yesterday. Such of the believe we have luckily disconcerted them.
The
The
Militia are not all yet collected. General Clinton this day, and I suppose will soon join you.
came down
My
not ordered out.
is
regiment
am, dear
1
To
several regiments are in motion, reports from New-York, to be up by the North River. said destination their and is so much credited that I think it will be rather This
report
hazardous to move the troops which I have in this neighbourhood much more to the westward, as I shall thereby leave the passage on the back of Fort Montgomery too much exposed. I think, therefore, after having secured to Paramus, at least for a few every thing here, to move that place protect this part of the coundays, as I can from should they attempt the pass in the mountains, be try, and beforehand of them. Colonel Vose, with the three regiments from Ticonderoga, have marched to the neighbourhood of Chatham, where they I shall move will arrive, I suppose, this night or to-morrow.
such manner as best to protect the country and harass the Your Excellency is sensible that General Wordsworth's brigade go home in a few days, and I cannot learn that any Militia are coming from Connecticut. I should be glad to know if your Excellency has wrote to the State of Massachusetts-Bay for any number of their
in
enemy.
Militia,
sir,
your most obedient servant, A. HAWKES HAY.
Hon. Major-General Heath, Hackensack.
the
COLONEL HAY TO GENERAL HEATH. Haverstraw, December 15th, 1776.
DEAR
disaffected
have sent down a petition for troops to protect them, and and by some expect them every moment, (as they say;)
down
Several thousands think they will take a turn this way. landed at Elizabeth- Tovm on yesterday, or the day before, and General Howe has lately gone after the Army to your
to
of
Tappan
myself, and two hands that I hired, been out all night, and cannot get any teams to convey the flour to Paramus. All the wagons and horses are already in the service with GenWe found a few ox -teams, but their owners will eral Lee. not let them go and I have nobody here to take them away ;
by
force.
advice
I
am
at a loss
this affair.
in
As
what for
to
pork
I must beg your have none. If you
do. I
want beef, I can send you down plenty of that This day Captain Hyat sets out to Paramus with
article.
a
drove
of cattle. out of
teams
but I have and have been at vast expenses and trouble, without any assurance of even being repaid my expenses ; therefore must request that you will be so good as to desire the Quartermaster-General to appoint one on this side of the river to transact that branch of business. I would willingly accept of that berth if I was appointed, and duly supplied with money to pay off the It
is
hitherto
done
my
it,
department
to press
;
to forward our glorious cause,
charges, provided I was allowed a reasonable recompense for the great trouble I have had, and what I may expect to I
am, dear
sir,
your most obedient servant,
A. HAWKES HAY. at
Major-General Heath, Tappan. P. S. I have sent thirty barrels of
flour to
Tappan.
ALBERT PAWLING TO COLONEL DUBOIS.
quarter.
have the honour to be, with great respect, your Excellency's most humble servant, I
^y
HEATH
Fort Constitution, December 15, 1776.
SIR
Mr. Philip Hoornbeck, Sergeant
:
wright's continue
His Excellency General Washington.
your
COLONEL HAY TO THE COMMANDING OFFICER AT PARAMUS. Haverstraw, December 15th, 1776.
from the honourable MajorSIR: Agreeable General Heath, I have sent to Paramus a drove of cattle I for the use of the Continental Army, by Captain Hyatt. request that the cattle may be killed as soon and as fast as not be detained and if he possible, that Captain Hyatt may can't dispose of the hides and tallow, please order a wagon for if they are lost, it will be a loss to to bring them back to orders
;
company, my
father's regiment,
the service, provided he regiment, I think him a worthy in
may
faithfully
to
my certain
in
procure him an appointment; which I should be glad you would do, of either a Lieutenancy or to you, in order to
Ensign. 1 have nothing new, only I am now on my way thus far to the Jerseys, therefore conclude with my kind respects to you, and remain yours, fee.,
ALBERT PAWLING.
Colonel Lewis
with esteem, your most obedient servant,
Captain Kort-
man, and
discharged his duty
;
sir,
in
being desirous to be provided for in
the capacity I mentioned his name to General Clinton, he served in. and informed him of his inclination, who desired me to write
knowledge has
the Continent.
am,
received your orders
I
flour, and to Parathirty barrels eighty barrels of flour and thirty barrels of pork. I have
to send
mus
SIR: Yesterday afternoon
have.
and whether they are expected.
I regret the loss of the brave General Lee, and much more the manner in which he was taken. If the enemy should not be able to pass the Delaware, I
I
may God
congratulate you on your late success; and all your endeavours with success.
I
crown
inhabitants as are friendly receive us with joy, but are almost their sentiments; and indeed little or no inafraid to
speak be got from the inhabitants. telligence can
1236
they are to be favoured with their wives and
if
gone down
to
1776.
children.
;
At
onel.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
Dubois, Fishkills.
A. HAWKES HAY.
LADY JOHNSON TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fishkill Landing,
COLONEL HAY TO GENERAL HEATH. Haverstraw, December 15th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Just
send you down bushels of salt.
this
moment
I received
your orders to and four
barrels of flour, thirty of pork, I am sorry to acquaint you that it
fifty
is
not in
to comply with the orders, as I have neither pork and cannot get any wagons, as all the wagons ; belonging to this neighbourhood are already in the service with General Lee. If I had the above-mentioned articles, I should not know where to send them. In Major Hunting ton's letter he desires me to forward them to Paramus; and in a note that is " The General does not enclosed in the letter writes thus think it safe that any more articles should be sent through Paramus, but prefer it being sent through Kakiate." The gentlemen on board the flag of truce are very anx-
my power nor
December
15th.
SIR: I enclose a pass from the Committee at Albany, and beg the favour of one to proceed with Captain Man to
New-York.
To
the
M
JoHNSON
Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt, President of the Con-
vention of the State of
New- York.
salt
:
JUDITH BRUCE TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fishkill Landing,
December
15th.
enclose a pass from the Committee at Albany, and beg the favour of one to proceed to New- York with Captain
SIR:
I
**" To
the
JUDITH BRUCE. Hon. Pierre Van Cortlandt, President of the Con-
vention of the State of
New- York.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1237
ANTHONY RUTGERS TO
COMiVIITTEE OF Fishkill,
GENTLEMEN
:
beg leave
I
to
ARRANGEMENT.
December
recommend
attention Lieutenant Cornelius Becker.
to
He
15th, 1776.
your particular is
a very active
young man, and well disciplined; has served this campaign, and is now in service as a Lieutenant of Captain Lyon's in the First New-York Regiment of Continental General troops, McDougall's brigade. I also beg leave to recommend Henry Becker, Jun., as an Ensign. He is a very active young fellow, well used to fire-arms, though he has never been in the service.
company, in
I
am,
respectfully, gentlemen,
the Hon. James
Jay, Esquires, and to RoVt Yates, Wm. Duer, Charles De Witt, Robert Harper, Jacob Cuyler, and Lewis Graham, Esqs., Committee for arranging Battalions.
JAMES YANCEY TO COMMITTEE AT BENNINGTON.
dience to a resolve of Congress, shall transmit to all the Maryland (they being likely to send troops to this department) copies of the enclosed return for their States north of
guide, to be proportioned according to the number of troops each State shall send to compose the Northern
Army.
GENTLEMEN: Agreeable to request of yours by letter handed by Mr. Clark, your express, I sent you four hundred pounds, which informed you of by letter forwarded same
am, with
humble
To
all
respect,
your most obedient and most
sir,
,.
servant,
(JEO.
with you
I
my
beg
letter respecting
compliments.
has ordered
flour,
&c.,
for
the Northern
be stored
&LC., to
in
Department
Bennington, by
Mr. Farmsworth, who resides at that place. I think it might produce some difficulty were I to contract at present for any flour at Bennington, as Mr. Farmsworth doubtless be able
to receive all
the flour you or he can procure at
I therefore take this opportunity of that place. informing that I have left your receipt for the above-written sum, with
Elisha Avery, Esq., Commissary-General for this district, who will settle with you for what flour you was kind enough to forward to me at Tyconderoga. If any flour remains on hand, you will draw it to his orA hogshead of flour, which was forwarded to me, ders. I am informed;) I must entreat lies on the road, (as you to secured, or delivered to Captain Farmsworth. Please make out your account, and settle as Elisha Avery it
He will pay you, gentlemen, if a balance is direct. due, and receive what may be coming to me. The situation of my affairs has been such that it was out may
of
my power to pay The hurry
merits.
that polite attention your patriotick spirit in at present, in I on
his
GEORGE MEASAM TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
the most earnest desire of convincing you how much, gentlemen, I am your most humble servant, JAS. YANCEY, Deputy Commissary.
To the Committee
to the
Board the 15th January.]
to regulate
that department and
Schuyler, and write you from thence as I expected. dence sent some pedlers to the camp with thread.
bought
it,
and
as I
have not the
for the troops in this
detail of the
am making up
department in the spring, I cannot at present furyou with a particular return of the clothing wanted from your State nor have I been able to complete the regulation of this office, and clothe the troops wintering here, for this
;
so as to return to Albany, to make a general return for all the Northern Department; therefore fearing such delays should be injurious to the publick service, I send you the enclosed return for this particular post, that Government
your
may have
time to provide the clothing
I
have such
necessaries as they are capable of making and most wanted, without which the men must many of them perish, for I have not received any kind of clothing from Albany, or any other
you left this garrison. The shoes and stockings (much wanted) which Lieutenant Lucas informed me were
place, since
to
for their
troops to be
ordered to the Northern Department, and regulate the same with regard to numbers agreeable to the enclosed return. I beg leave to transmit for your Government also a
copy
of the resolve of Congress relative to the establishment of this office; and am, with all regard, sir, yours and the publick's most obedient and faithful servant,
GEO. MEASAM.
To
the honourable the President of the Convention for the State of New-York.
[Same
to Massachusetts
Assembly, and New-Hampshire Assembly.]
BALTIMORE COMMITTEE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. In Committee, Baltimore, 16th December, 1776. :
Enclosed we send you a
list
of the com-
until
they have another choice. commissions agreeable to
opinion that sending
We this list
be serving the common cause. We are, gentlemen, your humble servant. JAS.
The
Per
are of
would
order,
CALHOUN, Chairman.
honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
Fort
Provi-
the clothes in store into
on the road, are not come to hand. Fearing I shall not be able to return
But
department.
troops each State will furnish
nish
must wait
able order with respect to clothing, to enable them to do the This day three fatigue of a soldier in these frozen regions. men are returned frost bit. It gives me pain to see our men so badly clothed, which is the reason I have not been able
Albany
of clothing wanting
panies which compose Colonel Cockey's battalion ; but as there has been some difference in the choice of Captain Cockey's subalterns, and the matter not yet determined, we
Ticonderoga, December 15th, 1776. SIR: I have not been able to put the troops in any toler-
to return to
:
GENTLEMEN
of Safety.
GEORGE MEASAM TO GENERAL GATES. [Read
The Congress having done me the honour of apme Commissary of Clothing for the Northern Army, pointing it is therefore my duty to send for your government a return SIR
am
proceeding publick business, prevents my paying you a visit which I intended. As soon as I may return to my post, I will call on you, when I may in person have the honour of acknowledging
Albany soon
enough to make a general return of clothing wanted for all the Northern Department in the spring, I judge it the interest State to transmit for your perusal a return of clothing wanted for this garrison, in order for you to lay it before the Board of War, or any other board you shall think proper,
of
have received
Ticonderoga, December 15, 1776.
The Commissary-General
have
1
saddle.
my
time.
will
MEASAM.
Major-General Gates.
P. S. Yesterday the violence of the wind parted the bridge to Mount Independence, and this day the lake froze across strong enough to walk over. The boom was carried away soon after you left the garrison. If General Arnold is
Albany, 15th December, 1776.
1238
;
I
Duane and John
1776.
with such alterations as you will be pleased to make, and the necessity of the times may require, hoping all that can be got will, for the credit of the Army and interest of the States for when a soldier wants for nothing his duty may with strictness be required. these Upon principles I shall conduct myself in the execution of my office; and in obe-
your humble servant,
ANTH'Y RUTGERS.
To
DECEMBER,
&c.,
CAPTAIN COOK TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 16th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
:
In
my
absence Captain Nicholson bor-
rowed sixty-five of the ship's small-arms, so that there is but few left. I shall endeavour to procure arms for the men. If they are not to be got, will not wait, as I imagine we can be supplied at the Head of Elk or Philadelphia. I flatter myself that the greatest part of my company will go with I shall lose no time, but set off as cheerfulness. quick as possible. I have the
honour
servant,
this
The honourable the olis.
to be,
gentlemen, your most obedient _, ^ (JEO. COOK.
Council of Safety of Maryland, Annap-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1239
Chester-Town, 16 December, 1776.
have sent per Rock-Hall boat one hogshead, containing two hundred pair shoes, and expect to send two hundred pair more in four weeks. I have been disapin hands, or should have complied more fully wiih I
pointed
my contract, which I hope you'll excuse. If you think should be greatly proper to let me have one hundred pounds, obliged by you sending it to me per From your humble servant,
To
first
opportunity.
JAMES CLAYPOOLE
1776.
1240
The
JAMES CLAYPOOLE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
GENTLEMEN:
DECEMBER,
&c.,
.
the President of the Council of Safety, Maryland.
express I sent to General Washington is returned, me a letter from him, of the 14th, at night. He then some miles beyond CorielFs Ferry, but says
and brings
was
nothing to me respecting the military operations. The enclosed letter for Messrs. Adams, Gerry, Ellery, and under cover, and Mr. Peters has desired me hippie, came
W
from the Governour of Virginia. departure of the Congress from this place seems to be a matter of much speculation, and people who to
send the
letter
The sudden
Be judge by events, think they have been too precipitate. that as it may. many things are thrown into great confusion by it; and I find ample employment in applying remedies wherever 1 can. The unfinished business of the Marine and Secret Committees, 1 intend to confine myself to but I hear so many complaints and see so much confusion from ;
THOMAS JOHNSON,
TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
JUN.,
Frederick-Town, 16th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN Your letter of the came to me this moment, twelve :
14th instant, by express, o'clock, and 1 shall not
I sending to the Colonel as you direct. am afraid sve shall be able to arm only a small proportion of the men, these parts having been much drained of arms, and those of the Flying Camp who have returned having left
lose a
minute
in
other quarters, that
committed
I
conceive than to
let
wanted
for
it
the general
through that channel.
To
the honourable Council of Safety of Maryland.
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [
Read December 20, 1776
Referred to Mr. R.
:
Mr. Harrison, and Mr.
S.
Philadelphia,
The enclosed delivered to me by Mr.
H. Lee, Mr. Wilson,
Adams.]
December
16, 1776.
from General Wooster was Walton. It contradicts the report respecting Rhode-Island, mentioned in my last, and I am but it still appears as if that was Mr. Clinton's glad of it
SIR:
letter
;
The
take the liberty to enclose you a letter I received yesterday from Colonel Cadwalader, and am truly sorry to add I
that the intelligence respecting General Lee comes confirmed through another channel, with several circumstances I was yesterday very unMr. Symes's and Captain Murray's The person who came to town last night has been stories. examined by the Council of Safety, who, as I am told, believe his account. Being out of town yesterday, I have not seen any of them or him, therefore am not master of all the particulars but he reports that some of the Tories had given
that stagger
my
faith,
although
willing to give credit to
;
enemy that the General lodged at a certain In consequence, house five miles distant from his Army. notice to the
also
motion, and
in
Canada
troops returned from
and they should have to reinlist
promise them.
things not
it
Much money
is
must be sent up
it
when
call
they want money. aloud for their pay,
instantly, as they very generally they have spent what is due to
Mr. Smith, the loan officer, is not here, or I believe it would be in my power to procure a good deal of money
On
his return I will assist all in
my
power. I suppose Congress will not determine on a hasty return to this place, nor do I think it advisable, until the enemy are
may
actually gone into winter quarters, for a severe frost in a few hours enable them to cross Delaware, above
falls, so that if they remain in that neighbourhood, you would here be subject to perpetual alarms. At the same time it may be depended on, that great inconveniences will To arise daily in every department during your absence. remedy this as much as possible, I think a Committee should be sent here, with such powers as Congress may
the
judge proper, in order that they may regulate the business There is the of the Continent necessary to be done here. greatest scene of confusion in the management of the Continental horses, wagons, and expresses, that ever was exhibited. It was bad enough before Congress departed, but it is ten times worse now and Jacob Hittziemer, a very ;
honest man, will run
mad
soon if not properly assisted or In short, the Committee you department. send should have full powers to do whatever may be necessary to put every department on a systematick footing. Mr. Clymer, Mr. Walton, and myself, will bestir ourselves, and advise or assist in such things as we think absolutely necesAnd as the Board sary, until you appoint a Committee. of War did not leave any orders for their Secretary, we have desired him to stay and assist us until he receives orders. hope the Board will excuse us for taking this liberty, The Committee must as Mr. Peters will be useful here. have the command of money to answer various purposes, as relieved in
object.
in
publick service, immediately, as the Militia of our country are at length The lower parts of turning out, and call for the advance.
magazine further into the country. It appears to me if our enemies succeed against Philadelphia, our stock of powder may be an object. I intended to have set out in the morning for Baltimore, but shall now wait till I hear from you, or am well-informed of a considerable change in our affairs. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, TH. JOHNSON, Jun.
suffer.
interest
and
New-Jersey are
am
I
obliged to advise
the
guns behind them. told no Field Officers are yet appointed to the batIf talion of which Wells was recommended to be Colonel. there's no capital objection, I wish the commissions were I would not obtrude advice, but if no steps are sent. to submit to your already taken for the purpose, I wish consideration whether it would not be well to remove our their
am
Circumstanced as our affairs now are, I better to take liberties and assume some powers,
me.
to
this
We
the calls for
enemy
it
are loud, large, and constant. Brunswick or New-York, it
to
retire
Should the may, and 1
surrounded the house at
believe will, be best for Congress to return as soon as that is certain. Upon the appearance of their retiring, I have
daybreak. The General had an Aid-de-Camp and ten men with him ; they defended themselves in the house for two
detained the cruisers intended to turn inward-bound vessels from our Capes, and shall not send them unless the scene
a party of Light-Horse, about
hours,
when
the
men
fifty,
offered to surrender, alleging that the
General was not there. They answered, they knew he was in that house, and if he did not immediately surrender himIn short, the self, they would burn the house and him in it. General was obliged to appear, and he promised to surrender on condition they would treat him like an officer and a The moment they got him they mounted him gentleman. on a horse and galloped off with him, not even allowing him time to get his hat, nor did they take any of his party, but left them to do as they pleased. The Aid-de-Camp is wounded. These are the only particulars that I have heard,
and
do not pretend to vouch for the truth of them, but Heaven the whole may be a fiction. The loss of pray General Lee at this time is in itself a severe stroke, and the effect it will have on the spirits of our shattered Army will add greatly to it. I
changes
asrain,
it should be evident this city must fall Captain Alexander is come down from are at work on the Delaware; but if the
and
into their hands.
camp, and we
enemy go back,
I will
attempt the getting her regularly
fitted for sea.
I
have despatched the ship laden with tobacco
France; but seem eligible agents there.
for
the present situation of things, it did not to write on political subjects to any of our
in
If fortune will
once more smile on
us, I will
find opportunities to communicate the glad tidings. will please to receive herewith sundry French letters
You
by Mons. Coleaux, who will visit you in due time. As I do not recollect any members
lately brought here
Baltimore
in
of Congress that are perfect masters of the French, I put them in the hands of Paul Fooks, the sworn interpreter, I also send hereanil his translations go with the originals.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1241
with some letters to the Marine Committee, particularly a very pleasing one from Captain Jones, of ibe Alfred. I have sent to General Putnam to inform him of this
am now expecting his despatches. papers and books of the Marine Committee, Secret Committee, and Committee of Correspondence, I sent to Christeen, with a proper person to take care of them ; so express, and
The
they are convenient either I shall take the liberty
for this
place or Baltimore. you whenever occur-
to address
rences require it ; and with sincere regard, remain, sir, your obedient, humble servant, RQBT MORRIS
To
Hon. John Hancock. Esq., President of Congress.
the
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1242
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 26th.] Head-Quarters, Keith's, December 16, 1776.
SIR: In a
late letter which I had the honour of addresstook the liberty to recommend that more battalions should be raised for the new Army than what had been voted for. Having fully considered the matter, I am more I
ing you,
and more convinced, not only of the propriety, but of the That the enemy will leave nothnecessity of the measure. ing unessayed in the course of the next campaign to reduce these States to the rule of a most lawless and insufferable
tyranny, must be obvious to every one ; and that the Militia is not to be depended upon, or aid expected from 'em but cases of the most pressing emergency, is not to be doubted. first of these propositions is unquestionable, and fatal experience has given her sanction to the truth of the latter. in
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE COMMITTEE OF SECRET CORRESPONDENCE. Philadelphia,
December
16th, 1776.
wrote the President this morning, GENTLEMEN: a young gentleman came up from Chincotcague, where he had landed out of the sloop Independence, Captain Young, This sloop svas from Martibelonging to the Continent. nico, bound hither, but was chased into that place by a large The sloop has on board a quantity of blankets, frigate. coarse cloths, and near one thousand muskets, which I will take care of. Captain Young staid behind, sick, and she is now commanded by Lieutenant Robinson, who had no paper to write on, but sent up word he would push round The goods are what was for this place soon as he could. ordered by the Secret Committee, and the Andrew Doria will bring a good cargo from St. Eustatia, where she is arThe Sachem is also arrived at Maninico, but no rived. news yet from Mons. Horlalez. You have enclosed the letters from Mr. Bingham and Mr. Dcane; the latter complaining, as I have long expected he would, for want of advices and remittances. In short, if the Congress mean to succeed in this contest, they must pay good executive men to do their business as it ought to be, Since
I
lavish millions away by their own mismanagement. mismanagement, because no man living can attend the daily deliberations of Congress and do executive parts of I do aver there will be more business at the same time.
and not I say
money
lost, totally lost, in
horses,
wagons,
cattle, &tc.,
&c.,
number of proper persons to look after them, than would have paid all the salaries Payne ever Mr. Deane lias had a hard did or ever will grumble .at. want of
for
sufficient
I foretold it
situation.
some man of
long since; and unless you employ and keep the Com-
talents to collect materials
missioners abroad constantly informed of what is passing here, you never will have that consequence, nor your agents that dignity, they ought to have.
should be glad you would return me these letters, or They have copies of them, and I will reply from hence. been with me but a few minutes, and I will not keep the I
express any longer, as t expect you are hungry as hawks I cannot keep a copy of this ; but after news from France. haste remain, very sincerely, gentlemen, your devoted, humble servant, ROBT MoRRIS . in
To the honourable
the
Committee of Secret Correspondence.
WARRANT FOR COMMITMENT OF MATHEW M HUGH. (
LANCASTER County, in the~) State of PENNSYLVANIA, 3 ,
To
-,
the in
These
are in the
:
name
of the State of Pennsylvania afore-
command you
that you receive into your custody body of Mathcw McHugh, late of Lebanon said County, Innholder, taken and brought before me for suspicion of being inimical to the freedom of America; and, upon examination, he declaring repeatedly "that with
said, to
and
jail town, in
the
both his hands he
is against independence declared by the against the tyrannical proceedings of Great Wherefore you are safely to keep the said Mathcw
American States Britain."
McHugh in your said Jail until he shall be regularly discharged by the Council of Safety, or a Committee thereof. Given under my hand and seal, the 16th day of Deccmber >
1776
-
Indeed, their lethargy of late, and backwardness to turn out alarming crisis, seem to justify an apprehension that For want of nothing can bring them from their homes. their assistance, a large part of to Jersey has been at this
exposed
nor do 1 know that Pennsylvania would share a better fate could General Howe effect a pas-
ravage and to plunder
in them again; and to make further mention to Congress of the expediency of increasing their Army. I trust the meassure will meet their earliest attention.
Had
and were it necessary, I could say much but as I have not, and the matter is well understood, I will not add much. By augmenting the number of your battalions, you will augment The force.
upon
I leisure,
this
head
;
your have their interest and influence; and, upon the whole, their numbers will be much greater, though Added to this, from the they should not be complete. present confused state of Jersey, and the improper appointment of officers in many instances, I have little or no expectation that she will be able to raise all the troops exacted from her, though I think it might be done were suitable, spirited gentlemen commissioned, who would exert themselves and encourage the people, many of whom, for a failure in this instance, and who are well disposed, are making officers
of each
will
their submissions.
JOHN THORNE.
In a word, the next will
be a trying
campaign and as all that is dear and valuable may depend upon the issue of it, I would advise that nothing should be omitted that shall seem necessary to our success. Let us have a respectable Army, and such as will be competent to ;
I will also add, that the critical situation every exigency. of our affairs, and the dissolution 'of our present force,
(now
hand,) require that every nerve and exertion be emOne part of Genployed for recruiting the new battalions. eral Howe's movements at this time I believe is with a design at
to distract us, and prevent this business. If the inclemency of the weather should force him into winter quarters, he will
not remain there longer than necessity shall oblige him. He will commence his operations in a short space of time, and in that time our levies must be made up to oppose him, or I fear the most melancholy of all events must take place The enclosed extract of a letter from the
General
will
show
his
demands
for
Commissarymoney, and his plans
and a quantity of flour from submitted to the consideration of Congress ; and I wish the result of their opinion to be transmitted him, with such supplies of money as may be necessary for himself and the departments he mentions. The clothing of the troops is a matter of infinite importance, and, if it could be accomplished, would have a happy Their distresses are extremely great, many of 'em effect. being entirely naked, and most so thinly clad as to be unfit for procuring salted
provisions,
The whole
is
I must entreat Congress to write to the agents and contractors upon this subject, that every possible supply may be procured and forwarded with the utmost expedition. I cannot attend to the business myself, having more than I can possibly do besides. I have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, your most
for service.
obedient servant,
Go WASHINGTON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO COLONEL TRUMBULL.
To
the Constable of Lebanon, and such Assistants as he may lawfully call upon on this emergent occasion.
;
These sage across the Delaware with a respectable force. considerations have induced me to wish that no reliance, except such as may arise from necessity, should ever be had
the southward.
Keeper of the Common Jail at Lancaster, County of Lancaster, aforesaid
the
The
Head-Quarters, near Trenton, 16th December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Your favour of the 13lh instant came safe
to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1243
have taken an extract of that part of it which reshall forward lates to the business of your department, and I can have no obit to Congress by the first opportunity. of coming to" your going to New-England instead jection of the made have the this way, upon representation you from your going; and arising advantage superiour necessity and at "the same time confiding in your judgment in deterwhich will condu mining upon that plan of conduct hand.
I
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1244
1776.
there than by remaining in the country and giving intelligence to the enemy. They ought, however, to be informed that will on no account whatever be permitted to return. am, dear sir, &c., Go. WASHINGTON. Heath. Major-General
they I
To
P. S.
I
service by beg you will encourage the recruiting short time send ^ ^I shall in _a ^ in ^ your power. for the different recru iiin g officers.
^
^^
means every '
m
to the benefit of the service. for
"lad to find you have been making preparations of salt provisions for the Army, and ina large supply laying flour during of sending to Virginia for approve of your plan
am
I
don't see but it may be rendered practicable; will doubtless be fully answered by Conthe copy of your letter, as also the receive when they gress In the mean which you mention. of cash necessary supply for advisable be you to borrow very time, 1 think it will receive the necestill manner the in you you propose, money from Congress. Indeed, there is so little cash sary supplies at present, that it is not in here hands the in Paymaster's mv power to afford you any assistance in that particular.
the winter, as
RECRUITING ORDERS. Colonel and LomEsq., Lieutenantbe raised : to a mamlant of regiment of Cavalry
To ELISHA SHELDON,
I
r J__ IT /JI l_. conclude you have informed yourself sufficiently with and capacity of Mr. Wharton, I shall respect to the abilities make no objection to the appointment, but only observe that, circumstanced as affairs are at present in the Jerseys, it will of much sagacity and diligence to discharge require an officer the duties of that office faithfully and to satisfaction. I have *
I
_
As
i
*
.
enclosed you a list of such persons in Virginia as I think will be most likely to supply you with flour on good terms. Mr. Wharton 's acquaintance there will also help, probably, to procure it with greater facility and despatch. I thank you for your condolence on the universal loss America has sustained in the unfortunate captivity of General
Lee, and am, with due regard, dear
sir,
yours, &.C.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
Col. Joseph Trumbull, Commissary-General Provisions.
Colonel John Tabb, or Colonel Jno. Banister, on James River. Colonel Fielding Lewis, on Rapchannock River. Colonel Syme, upon York River. Mr. Thos. Lawson, upon Powtomack River.
P. S.
I shall
send some money to General Heath
for the
recruiting service.
.
Lieutenant-Colonel j,e ra i
j
j
)
in you, and knowy OU> re p O sing especial trust and confidence the and honour much how reputation depends upon your ing have the nomination proper choice, I am willing you should
of
all
and
the officers, (reserving to myself a negative of any one such as I shall think unfit for that service,) and doubt careful in fixing none but genou w ;|| De
all
.
I
The Congress having thought fit to appoint you Commandant of a regiment of Horse to se( anc to empower me to appoint the officers under
g IR
but these matters
not y
particularly
and of good characters observing, at famtime, that gentlemen of fortune and reputable useful officers. the most make generally
tlemen of true the
same
ilies
You
are immediately to repair to the State of Connecticut,
and as soon as possible nominate your officers, and send them out on the recruiting service. They are to be particularly attentive to take none into the corps but young, light, active men. The privates are to receive twenty dollars bounty and a suit of clothes on entering the service, and pay as per schedule annexed. They are to be raised to serve during the war, unless sooner discharged by Congress.
Each non-commissioned
Head-Quarters, near Corryel's Ferry, December 16, 1776.
DEAR SIR I received your favour of the 1 th instant, adof Parsons' s brigade from Peekskill vising me of the march I am now to acquaint you, that from information to join us. received of the enemy's movements, it appears to me that 1
:
they intend leaving this part of the country, and to retire towards Brunswick, and the towns contiguous to it, perhaps for the purpose of going into winter quarters, (if the whole is not designed as a feint;) therefore there does not appear the same necessity for your advancing as was conjectured at the time my orders for your marching were determined I, for this reason, should conceive it expedient that you return with Parsons's brigade to your former station; indeed, the conduct of the forces, (as mentioned in your letter, and
on.
the danger the Convention of New-York have represented to me, which that State will be exposed to,) has rendered this You are to post these troops in step the more necessary. the most advantageous manner to answer the purposes of
defending the country from the incursions of the enemy, and of curbing the insolence of the disaffected. However, previous to your departure from the Jerseys, I entirely agree
with you in sentiment, that the troops cannot be better employed than in surprising any of the enemy's posts, either at Hackensack or the parts adjacent, that are so situated as to
admit of a strong probability of success. this sort will
encourage our
friends,
An
enterprise of
and advance the
recruit-
ing service, which is a circumstance of infinite importance. As to Colonel Vose, with Greaton's, Bond's, and Porter's regiments, I would choose they should move forward with all to join General Gates. With respect to possible expedition, the families of Mr. Inglis and Mr. Moore, who are desirous of
going to New-York, I cannot perceive any political objection, as I should suppose they are capable of doing less mischief
and private
officer
is
to
be
fur-
nished with a good horse, saddle, bridle, and other accoutrements belonging to the Horse service, at the expense of the Continent and I will recommend to Congress that the com;
be also furnished at the publick expense with the same, but cannot absolutely engage it, as I believe
manding
officer
not customary. In procuring the horses, you mares, white or grey horses, but It is expected of sufficient size. the most reasonable rate, and not
is it
one hundred
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH.
;
spirits
dollars
are to have
no
stallions,
likely, serviceable trotters,
you will purchase them at upon an average to exceed and keepper head, carefully describing
of the cost of each horse. ing an exact account and every Saddles, bridles, carbines, broadswords, pistols, other accoutrement necessary, (agreeable to a pattern herewith given you,) you will procure as cheap as possible. Your regiment is to consist of one Major, an Adjutant, to each troop one CapSurgeon and Mate, and six Troops ; tain, one Lieutenant, one Cornet, (commissioned officers,) one Quartermaster, two Sergeants, two Corporals, one Trumone Farrier, and thirty-four Privates. peter, In order to enable you to defray the expense of raising and equipping this regiment, you are herewith furnished with
the sum of fourteen upon the Paymaster for Trumbull to advance Governour to letter a and sand dollars, further sums as may be necessary, on Continental such you In case of the latter failing, you are to advise me account. and if no of money is to be had in that depart-
thou-
a warrant
publick
it;
ment from a Paymaster to be appointed, send a officer for such sum or sums as may be wanted.
As
careful
are to be a you can raise and equip troop, they immediate under command, agreeably my Army
fast as
sent to
t | le
to the
resolution of
Congress directing the raising of said
regiment.
Given 1776.
To
at
Head-Quarters,
this
16th day of December,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Lieutenant-Colonel Elisha Sheldon.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1245 The above
is
mend Congress
the pay which his Excellency will recomof Colonel Shel-
to establish for the officers
don's regiment of Cavalry. The foregoing is a copy of the orders and instructions given Lieutenant-Colonel Sheldon.
R. H. HARRISON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Head-Quarters, IGih December, 177G.
GENTLEMEN:
have
the pleasure of receiving yours just give the Deputy Quartermaster-General orders to have the clothing, both new and old, brought
of yesterday.
I
I shall
most wanted; up but you may depend, if the old clothes which have been so charitably contributed by the inhabitants of Philadelphia can answer the present necessities of the other regiments, that to the
the
new
Army, and have
it
be all applied your State.
shall
longing to
distributed as
to the
it
Upon this change of measures, I have intending a feint. immediately ordered General Heath to return to Peekskill, If he finds any of the with General Parsons's brigade. elsewhere at or Hackensack weakly guarded, enemy's posts he is to endeavour to beat them up. As the inlistment of the greatest part of the Continental Army expires on the first of January, every State must exert itself in forwarding the new inlistments, and procuring temporary supplies of Militia till the new levies can be brought into the field. I
have the honour to subscribe myself, gentlemen,
&.C.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
New-York
the
Convention.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
regiment particularly be-
in Bucks County, December 16th, 1776.
Head-Quarters, State of Pennsylvania,
am
I hope, with Counties, are turning out with proper spirit. their assistance, we shall be able to check the enemy, if they should still determine to pass the Delaware, I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect, your most i, r obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
1246
1776.
port his troops, (we having had time and precaution to secure and destroy them,) he seems, by his late motions, to be moving back towards Brunswick for winter quarters, or
is
glad to find the Militia from the eastern parts of your Province, the lower parts of Jersey, and the Delaware I
DECEMBER,
fee.,
the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
P. S. I beg you will by all ways and means facilitate and encourage the recruiting service, for on that every thing
DEAR SIR The Congress have been pleased to appoint Elisha Sheldon, Esq., of your State, to be Lieutenant-Colonel and commander of a regiment of Cavalry. For the purpose of raising them he now sets off for Connecticut. Having to pass through an enemy's country on his way there, I cannot think it prudent to advance him the sum necessary for his immediate use. I have to request you will furnish him with what money he may want from the Treasury of your State, or in such other way as you may :
think best, which
sum you
tinent (through me) for. I am, with due regard,
depends.
will
sir,
please to
draw on the Con-
your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
Hon. Jonathan Trumbull.
Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 16th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
I was last night honoured with yours of 1th instant, enclosing sundry resolutions of your Board. I have also to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of the
the
:
GENERAL GREENE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
1
23d November, which should not have remained
so long
unanswered, had not the continued motion of our Army for past put it out of my power to sit regularly down to business. Indeed, I have now so much on my hands, and such a choice of difficulties, that I hardly know which I know first to attend to. you have had your difficulties and you have, too, indeed more than any other State
some time
;
therefore, my thanks, not only for the complete arrangement of your officers for the four battalions allotted to your share,
but for your determination to raise a fifth to be commanded by Colonel Dubois. As the office of Aid-Major has been hitherto unknown in the Continental service, perhaps by introducing it among your regiments umbrage might be given to the others, if they were not likewise provided with an
of the same kind, and therefore, to avoid disputes, I could wish the matter might be waived. Major Sheldon, who commands the Connecticut Horse, will return in a few
officer
He
will either take the troop with
him from Fishkills,
days. or post them where they are more wanted. 1 thank you for the great confidence you are pleased to repose in me, and you may be assured that whatever military powers shall be intrusted to me shall ever be exerted, to establish, and then protect the civil. I come now to answer yours of the llth.
CorryelPs Ferry, Delaware, December 16th, 1776.
take the liberty to recommend Doctor Warren to the Congress as a very suitable person to receive an appoint-
SIR:
I
ment of a Sub-Director, which I am informed they are about to create a number of. Doctor Warren has given great satisfaction where he has had the direction of business. He is a young gentleman of ability, humanity, and great application to business.
I feel a degree
of happiness that the Congress are going
to put the hospital department upon a better establishment, for the sick this campaign have suffered beyond description
and shocking to humanity. For my own part, I have never felt any distress equal to what the sufferings of the sick have occasioned, and am confident that nothing will injure the recruiting service so that head. I
am, dear
sir,
much
NATHANAEL GREENE.
To
the Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Continental Congress, at Philadelphia.
GENERAL LORD STIRLING TO GENERAL HEATH. Easton, December 16th, 1776.
When
I or-
down General Heath
from his post at the Highlands, of a determination of a Council consequence of General Officers, who agreed that we had no other means of stopping the progress of General Howe, who was eviit
was done
in
making a grand push to make himself master of Philadelphia. The advantages of keeping possession of the posts in the Highlands were not unattended to ; sve considered that the enemy had thrown the main body of their Army over into Jersey; that they were about to make a dently
considerable embarkation, (which has since turned out to be against New-England;) and that it would take most, if not the remainder of their Army, to the at
keep up
New-York,
&tc.;
and
that, therefore,
garrisons
him
to the
Delaware; but not
DEAR
SIR: I came up from Head-Quarters in hopes of effecting a junction of the troops under the command of yourself, General Gates, and General Sullivan, and attempting something on the enemy; but this is now too late, as the troops under General Sullivan and General Gates are It. was proposed already on the west side of Delaioare. that if any of the troops crossed the river, it should have been at Sherard's Ferry, at Tinicum ; but as General Sullivan has taken this route, I believe it will be best you do the same. I
To
your most obedient, humble servant, STIRLING. Heath. Major-General
am, dear
sir,
they had not a suf-
ficient force left to attempt the strong posts at the Highlands, though only guarded by General George Clinton, with the force of the Slate of New- York. General Howe easily forced our small Army to retreat
before
upon
your obedient servant,
first
dered
as the dissatisfaction arising
finding boats to trans-
JOHN TRUMBULL TO GOVERNOL'R TRUMBULL. Bethlehem, (Pennsylvania,) 16th December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR: General Gates.
A
I
arrived at this place last evening, with
part of our troops will
come
in
to-day,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1247
But
the others to-morrow.
His
Washington.
Army
is
1776. Orange County, New-Hempstead, December 16, for the Commissioners the Whereas County of appointed
not be surprised to hear
the country quite stupid. that the enemy are in Philadelphia.
to secure the
Orange
gone, to the
and surrounded by a party of Horse, at twenty-one miles The French gentleman distance from the enemy's camp. who arrived lately at Boston with powder and arms, a Lieutenant-Colonel in the French service, is taken with him. The inhuman rascals would not permit the General to take This his hat and coat, but carried him off almost naked. as we have no is a misfortune that cannot be remedied, of equal experience and merit. officer in the
mittee
lately
Army
My
situation
is
but
droll,
I
cannot desert
my
in
country
so critical a time, however ungenerously I may have been I think to offer myself a supernumerary Aid-detreated. to some General Officer.
Camp
Our affairs have never been in so critical a situation New-York and Jersey totally lost, except the backwoods, the Army inferiour, and at the time when most wanted, deof the best, almost the only officer who could rescue
effects of those that are
perishable
reason of their enemy, has not as yet acted, by as it were, within their lines; the so near and, enemy, being and as it appears now not so difficult, as our District Com-
commanded by General Lee is to cross You have doubtless heard his misforthis at Easton day. He was betrayed at a house nigh Basken Ridge, tune.
The Army
1248
1776.
JOHN COE TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
General despair of joining; still inferiour to the enemy, and I
I shall
DECEMBER,
&c.,
about removing the families of those persons that
is
are gone to the enemy, and their movable effects will then be lost or taken away by such persons as have no right, I now to act as one of the Commisit have
my
thought
duty
the Convention of this formerly appointed by arises is, that Thomas now that State and the difficulty the Council of Safety and the Assemattend must Cooper If you think proper, he cannot act. bly of this State, so that with another to me, and we shall person appoint please As the former endeavour to act agreeable to your direction. in rne is lost resolve you sent removing my papers, please to send the resolve how we are to act.
sioners, as ;
:
am
I
yours to serve,
JoHN CoE
the President of the Council of Safety of the State of
To
New- York.
prived
situation so nigh desperate. informed that nine thousand British
N. B.
them from a
am
1
1 hope to hear a better report excursion to the eastward. of them than of the eight thousand here.
my
Adieu,
honoured parent.
1
am
your J.
The Hon. Jonathan
:
I
beg leave
situation
we
PHILIP BARTELL TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY. Claverack, 16th December, 1776.
TKUMBULL.
GENTLEMEN:
Ensign in Robert Van Rensselaer, Esq., is Colonel, as I am very unwell and not able to execute the duty of my appointment. And you will greatly oblige, gentlemen, your very humble
servant > the dis-
The
salt.
To
bri-
that article some place has been destitute of The men suffer exceedingly, and we have informadays. tion of there being salt at Hackinsack, Second River, and Newark. As we understand your Honour takes that route, the favour of a party's advancing from your Army we
beg on the road, and gathering all the salt to be had. Wagons can be pressed on the road to bring it forward. Captain Hasker waits upon your Honour with this. His orders are to wait
Neu-
at Fishkill.
we
until
your pleasure,
FRANCES LIVINGSTON TO JOHN WILLIAMS. SIR: I received your favour of the 14th, and am now to thank you for the information and permission I have of going
New-York. I shall take the down to Fishkill, and imagine
to
1
to be,
ent humble servant,
sir,
sir,
To
your very humble servant,
John Wlliams, Esq., Chairman of the honourable Con-
Fishkill,
16, 1776.
:
in
me, if nothing better offers. Mr. Duer offered to write to General Mifflin to appoint me I should be an Assistant Quartermaster. glad to serve, so There is your old servant as it could be done with honour. it
open
for
that served with approbation as Commissary at New-York, 1 mean Richard Norwood, would serve as Paymaster to
a regiment.
I
think he
by Comfort Sands. I am, dear sir, your
is
a
friend
Robert Harper, Esq.,
fit
person.
He
is
well
of
December
16, 1776.
my
appointed
:
First Lieutenant, thought
JOHN JOHNSON. New-York Congress,
near thirty men, upwards of twenty of whom are now sufI am now laid up with a violent fever, at Dr. Grafering. ham's, and cannot walk alone. I hope, gentlemen, this representation of
duce you I
may
to
get
be quick
my men
in
my case
will in-
appointing me some assistance, that the barracks and clothed.
in
am, gentlemen, with great humble servant, I
respect, your very obedient,
Captain 4th
BEN WALKER> New- York Regiment.
Colonel William Duer, Chairman of the Committee of Arrangement.
EBENEZER HAZARD TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY.
at the Fishkills.
P. S. This day drank a glass of wine with General McDougall, at Mr. John Van Cortfandt's, near this place. He expressed a hearty sorrow that I left the service. It's too true that General Lee is taken so much for Tories.
proper to resign.
My Second Lieutenant, for particular reasons, is not allowed Thus I have to serve, and an Ensign was not appointed. been without any assistance, and myself sick most part of the time; notwithstanding which I have made shift to inlist
known
and servant,
Member
CAPTAIN WALKER TO WILLIAM DUER.
You were pleased some time in November to honour me with the command of a company in the Fourth New-York Regiment. The gentleman who was
I am on my way to Philadelphia, hopes to arrive at in three days, and to You were so good return to Pcckskill as soon as possible. as to desire me to write to you where you might find me, and that the Congress was disposed to do something handsome for me, as Paymaster to a regiment, or some such
HONOURABLE SIR
New- York.
16th.
GENTLEMEN
Morris-Town, December
Pray keep
December
JOHN LLEVES SYMMES, Colonel of Sussex Militia.
JOHN JOHNSON TO ROBERT HARPER.
which place am
opportunity of coming be there with my
shall
I
FRANCES LIVINGSTON.
your Honour's most obedi-
Major-General Heath, near HackensacJc.
office.
am,
vention of
have the honour
first
family on Friday next.
affair.
To
the honourable the Convention of the State of
York,
can be acquainted with the
If salt can possibly be sent to success of the undertaking. our relief, I beg your Honour will interest yourself in the
To
PHILIP BARTELL.
16th, 1776.
your Honour
to represent to are in with respect to
beg your liberty to resign my commisthe Eighth Regiment of Militia, whereof
at this
gade
I
I
sion as an
Trumbull, Esq.
Chatham, December
SIR
would recommend Colonel Gilbert Cooper.
dutiful son,
COLONEL SYMMES TO GENERAL HEATH.
tressed
I
have made an
Carpenter's Ferry, Fishkill, December 16th, 1776. in the town of Fishkill, to had received credible information that the records of the city of New-York were buried near King's Bridge; but as I was in a hurry to set out on
SIR
let
:
I fully
intended while
the Convention
know
I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1249
I am to Philadelphia, it escaped my memory. not very certain who was my informant, but I think it \vas Colonel Palfrey, the Paymaster-General ; and as nearly as I can recollect, he told me the records were deposited in
post where he shall be so em ployed, obtained, he or they so going off shall forfeit all the wages that shall be due to them on account of their service performed in consequence of this agreement.
being
In consideration whereof, the said Jedu'n Baldwin, Engi-
per day,
Emerson
ten shillings per day, and every other of the said of the second part the sum of eight shiHin^s parties per day, New-York currency, for every day that they shall be in actual employment. That over and above that sum, the
your most obedient servant,
sir,
EBENEZER HAZARD.
To
said parties of the second part shall severally receive and a half ration of provisions and one of rum
the honourable the President of the Convention of the
State of
New- York,
at Fishkill.
Albany, December
of the 10th instant
I
16th, 1776.
was honoured with
1 am happy to find that in all probability the If rapid progress the enemy lately made, has been checked. they are not more numerous than report makes them, I hope will
be enabled to
make them
retreat
in turn.
seal, at
tween what they may receive and what they are allowed, may be accounted for, which way soever it may be but we have unfortunately not a blanket, nor can any be procured in this quarter, and without a supply, I shall not be able to send the troops to relieve part of the garrison of Tyconderoga. The Committee will therefore please without delay to send
but never interfering with what the civil have done, I could only answer, that so far as he was my prisoner, I was contented with the security he had given me. He will advise
you of the reasons the Committee of Tryon County assign him remain at home. respect, your most obedient, humble ser-
for refusing to let I am, sir, with
vant,
PH. SCHUYLER.
Matthew of
:
first part, and Mr. Jedi'h Thayer, of the State of the Massachusetts-Bay, Gentleman, and Mr. Nathaniel Emerson and the persons whose names are hereunto subscribed, and seals affixed, of the second part, all good workmen at
the
the carpenter's business, to the number of sixty men ; the said parties of the second part, each for himself, promises and agrees that they will immediately repair to such place as the said Colonel Baldwin shall direct, and there them-
employ
constructing such works or buildings as the said shall order.
That each of the
second part shall, during publick employ conformable to these resolutions, each day continue at their said work and employment not less than ten hours. parties of the
the time he shall be in
FIFTH SERIES.
Jun., Secretary.
Head-Quarters, Albany, December 16th, 1776.
J.
TRUMBULL,
JUN.,
TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Albany, 16th December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR
Since Brown has done riding, I seem almost to be an exile from my home. I can hear nothing from Connecticut, and know nothing that is passing; indeed, we are almost excluded from intelligence from every quar:
and we have nothing material here. A laughable alarm has happened at Ty, since the troops came off, occasioned by the appearance of a hay boat on the lake, which, to the timid apprehensions of its beholders at Crown-Point, was magnified into a large ship of force, with guns, &c., supposed to be the enemy approaching. They fled to Ty, the alarms took, all hands were at work, every one busy, remounting their cannon, &.C., and making every preparation for defence, when the poor harmless boat arrived at the All is now quiet, wharf, and relieved their anxious fears. and will be now, unless the enemy take it in their heads to venture on the ice, which may I hope by possibly be. new-year to leave this place. My love, respects, and compliments to all friends ; and am your dutiful son, ter,
J.
TRUMBULL, Jun.
His Honour Governour Trumbull.
sixteenth day of December, 1776, between Colonel Jedu'n Baldwin, Chief Engineer on the Northern Department, of
Engineer
day of December, 1776.
Cantine, Esq., Chairman of Committee of Safety
New- York.
in
this sixteenth
JOHN LANSING,
MEMORANDUM OF THE AGREEMENT SIGNED BY THE ARTIFICERS, NORTHERN ARMY. Memorandum of agreement made and entered into this
selves
Albany,
General approves of the raising of a company of Artificers on the terms above mentioned. By order, of the General
up blankets, or some sufficient substitute. Every account I receive from Tyconderoga confirms me in the belief that not a man will remain there beyond the
who became his security are me for leave to remain;
post
The
;
willing to continue so, he applied to
commence
where they shall be so stationed, shall, on application to him made, refuse to discharge them, and then they shall be entitled to wages from the time of such refusal. In testimony hereof I have hereunto set my hand and
As no clothing has been sent hither for the recruits of this State, I have ordered them to be furnished out of the Continental stores upon an appraisement, that the difference be-
parole; and as the gentlemen
shall
commanding
I have given order to have the resolution respecting the Tryon County Rangers put into execution.
term of their inlistment. Colonel Frey has applied to me to mention his case to Convention. It was last winter delivered to me by the Committee of Tryon County, as one amongst others to be sent down the country. Several gentlemen of Schenectady interceded and became responsible for his conduct, on which I suffered him to remain at home. Some time in the summer, either the Committee of Tryon County, or of Albany, sent him to Hartford, from whence he returned on his
wages
second part shall respectively leave their usual places of abode, allowing at the rate of one dollar for every And the said parties of the first and twenty miles travel. second part do hereby agree with each other, that if any of the said parties of the second part is taken sick during the time which they shall be employed as above, the person so taken sick shall not be entitled to wages for the time he absents from working by reason of sickness, unless the said Colonel Baldwin, or the officer of the
on the 14th.
General Washington
the said
parties of the
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO NEW-YORK COMMITTEE Or SAFETY. letter
one
per day. from the time the said gill
That
SIR: Your
first
neer, promises and agrees, that the said Jedi'h Tlwyer shall have and receive twelve shillings and Nathaniel
a future day.
am,
1-250
commanding officer of the
Colonel CortlandCs family vault, and that he received the hint of it from Mrs. Van Corllandt, who happened inadvertently to mention it to him. Perhaps Convention may have been informed of this before; but as I do not know this to be the case, I think it incumbent upon me to let them know it now, that proper measures may be taken to secure those authentick documents, which may be of great service I
1776.
That if any of the said parties of the second part shall leave the said work, or go from the post where they shall be employed, the leave of the said Colonel Baldwin, or the
my journey
in
DECEMBER,
&c.,
GEORGE PITKIN TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Hartford, 16th December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR:
zeal for the safety and deliverance of country obliges me to ask a dismission from my office as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Nineteenth Regiment of Militia
of
which I had the honour of an appointment. only reason I have to excuse myself is want of health, which I have never had since my first campaign ; and holding the same, may prevent some able and robust gentleman this State, to
The
from rendering his country service therein, which I am prevented from doing by a shattered constitution, which is Wish peculiarly mortifying in this day of general danger. your Honour Divine support under the heavy weight of Government; and remain, with great truth, your and Assembly's most obedient, humble servant,
GEORGE PITKIN.
.the
VOL
III.
My
my
To
the
Hon. Jonathan Trumbull, Esq., Commander-in-
Chief of the
79
Militia of the State of Connecticut.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1251
JOSEPH TOUNGS TO GENERAL WOOSTER.
delayed, will
In Committee of Safety for the County of Westchester, White-Plains, December the Kith, 1776.
) \
We
To
HIS EXCELLENCY MAJOR-GENEKAL WOOSTER.: send you under guard three deserters from Colonel Rogers's
regiment, for your examination, for your Excellency to disThe reason of our pose of as you may think proper. is, because we are at this moment entirely destitute of guards. One of the prisoners that was the bearer of a late letter from your Excellency to our Committee, desiring us to deliver up to him his guns, behaved in such an insolent and audacious manner before
troubling your Excellency
they considered him as a very dangerous person, and thought it most expedient to send him
the Committee, that
back again to your Excellency for your further disposal, as your Excellency has guards at hand. By order of Committee: JOSEPH YOUNGS, Deputy Chairman.
To
Excellency Major-General Woostcr, at the Saw-
his
&c.,
Pills.
DECEMBER, not
the
enemy
submit
it
to
1252
so effectually intrench themif not
such a manoeuvre very unsafe, This is a matter worthy of attention.
selves as to render
impracticable?
1776.
We
your consideration.
We have taken into consideration the resolve passed by your Assembly appointing a Council of War, and proposing to this State the appointment of a Committee to confer with said Council of War, at Providence, upon the expediency of raising an army for the immediate defence of the New-England Sidles. Our Assembly, on the 16th of November last, had appointed a Committee to confer with such Committees as the other
New-England States might appoint, upon the measures necessary to be taken for supporting the credit of our publick currencies; but as the Slate of Connecticut declined, at that time, joining with the other Colonies in this measure, as they apprehended the Congress had taken the subject-matter of it under their consideration, and they feared it might give them umbrage, our Committee did not proceed to Providence ; and our Assembly have since renewed their application to that State upon this subject, and enlarged the power of the Committee and Governour Trumbull, in a letter lately received from him, has signified that their Assembly are not desirous of such a conference the Council therefore have resolved, that it is highly expedient and neces;
COLONEL HENRY
B.
LIVINGSTON TO MATTHEW CANTINE. Fairfield, 16th
SIR
:
received the honour of yours last night at this march for Fishkill, in my way to Fort on
I
my place, being Constitution, being directed ever
December, 1776.
by General Washington when-
thought necessary to quit New-England to repair Whether I shall be excusable should I undertake thither. any other expedition, I will leave you and others, the genI
On their opinion tlemen of the Convention, to determine. even risk the loss of my commission. Sensible of the great honour done in permitting me a share in as honour-
J will
able an expedition, I shall do my endeavours to be with you on Thursday, or sooner if possible. I am, sir, with respect and esteem, your most obedient, humble servant. r> T
u HENRY
To Matthew State of
a. LIVINGSTON.
Cantine, Esq., Chairman of Convention of the
New-York,
;
Committee first appointed should proceed to Providence, and meet and confer with your Council of War upon the matters particularly specified in the resolve of the Board, now enclosed ; and a Committee from this State will accordingly meet your Council of War at Providence, the 23d instant, the time and place appointed by your State. I am, with great respect, (in the name and behalf of the sary that the
Council,) your most obedient, humble servant,
JAMES BOWDOIN, President.
We instant,
have but this moment received your letter of the 8th by which we are glad to find that General Lincoln
possesses the confidence of the people of your State.
Fishkill. J.
THOMAS MELVILL TO SAMUEL
P.
Plymouth, December
Providence, December 16th, 1776.
THOS. MELVILL. Samuel Phillips Savage, Esq., Boston.
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GENERAL SCHUYLER. Council Chamber, Boston, December 16th, 1776.
SIR: Your letter of the 3d instant was received by the President of the Council on the llth instant, and was imBesides promediately communicated to the Assembly. viding for the inlistment of our quota of the new Army, the Assembly have passed an act for raising a fourth part of the Militia at home, to march as soon as possible to recruit the Army, and be in service for three months from their march, before the expiration of which time, it is
expected
that our said quota will be raised. Militia of the County of Berkshire fourth part of the Militia of the
The and
WARREN TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR.
SAVAGE.
SIR: The Council of this State would be glad if the Board of War would send a number of intrenching tools immediately, as there is great want of them.
part of the the one half of the fourth
County of Hampshire, are
ordered to march immediately to Albany, there to follow your orders; and I hope they will be on the spot by the time your orders reach that place.
am, with respect, your most humble servant,
I
She now goes to Boston to attend the terms agreed on. your orders, supposing you would choose to ship some goods by her. I have paid the advance wages to the people; you have, therefore, nothing to do but victual and give your orders.
am, with great
I
humble
servant,
WARREN.
If you choose to consign to the master, I believe Captain Morton capable of transacting the business. I have this December 17. bought a schooner, some lumhave made some contracts for fish. I and ber, pickled The shot contracted for are none shot, and some for spears. and two or three tons grape. larger than twelve pounds, Mr. Lothropf, is manufacturing a large quantity by contract
with the Commissary.
The
President of the Board of
War.
WAR TO WILLIAM THOMPSON. War Office, Boston, December 16, 1776.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF
SIR: Should either of the General Officers of the Militia
who have marched MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. State of Massachusetts-Bay, Council
December
Chamber,
16, 1776.
) J
The
Council have received your letter of the 13th instant. are glad to hear that our Militia have marched with such spirit and ardour to the assistance of your State, and that they, together with those collected from Connecticut and your State, make up a of six or seven thousand
We
body body of troops be immediately employed to attack the enemy, and, by a coup de main, drive them (mm Rhode-Island into the sea? If this should be
Might not
respect, your most
J.
General Schuyler.
men.
16, 1776.
SIR: This will be handed you by Captain Morton, of the schooner Ellen, which I have chartered for Maryland or Pennsylvania, as you shall choose, for either one or two 1 could have wished this vessel and one other I have trips. since chartered had been a size larger; but I was too late to I believe they will do very well upon pick and choose, and
THOS. GUSHING.
SIR:
He
probably be with you to-morrow. Governour Cooke.
will
this
to the aid
of Rhode-Island, direct
the
whole or any part of the ammunition now at Rehoboth to be removed to any other place or places for the publick service, you are to comply with such direction, and deliver
same
such person or persons as said General Officer when you deliver up the remainder of the ammunition to the Selectmen of the town where it may be deposited, you are to leave directions with them lor the the
may
to
appoint; and
above purpose.
By
order of the Board. S. P.
To
William Thompson, Esq.
SAVAGE, President
p.
t.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1253
DECEMBER,
fee.,
1254
1776.
Yours of the, 27th of November, I received, wherein was enclosed the resolve of the General Court and the order of
Captain Cook has sailed this day with his marines for Elk. 1 have received one thousand pounds by Mr. Speer, and five hundred by Captain Cook. Shall pay all Captain Martin's bill, but his expense is greater than I could imagine.
War to forward to Richard Devcns, Esq., at two hundred barrels of flour. In compliance with Boston, your letter, and the above-said orders, I have sent twenty barrels ofditto to the said Devens. But on Saturday last
ship, and all such things as Captain CooAr has directed me to provide. I intend purchasing the brig and schooner, if to But their sails have not come on. be got on any terms.
WILLIAM PYNCHON, JUN., TO SAMUEL Springfield,
P.
SAVAGE.
December
16, 1776.
the Hoard of
I received another letter, with your signature, without
any
you directed me to consign the same I can you, which I shall comply with as soon as possibly I procure teams sufficient to transport the same to you. yesterday loaded two teams with twelve casks, and directed them to lodge the same at your house, and agreed with them to carry twenty hundred neat weight for two shillings, lawful money, per mile, and in the same proportion for all over date, wherein
flour to
His
bills
are coining in
From fyour humble
To
price will he various, according as I can agree with the teamsters; which sums, as I have or shall agree with them for, I must beg the favour of you to remit to
them, as I have no money in my hands belonging to the Province whereby I can defray the expense of transporta-
Be pleased to let me know your determination retion. specting the matter as soon as may be. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient, humble WILLIAM PYNCHON,
To Samuel P.
Jr.
purchasing pork for the
T JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH.
camp to-morrow morning,
I shall set off for the
but the business will go on.
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. 177fi: Referred to Mr. R. H. Lee, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Harrison, and Mr. S. Adama.J
[Read December 20,
Philadelphia,
them
desiring
last,
;
The enemy are in possession of Newport, in Rhode-Island, but what number we have not learnt ; and we hear that the noted Joseph Wanton, Esq., is appointed Governour of the same, and has given orders to those who desire protection from (what is called) Government, to affix a white flag to their respective houses.
to
be
However,
it's
appear
to stop, or lost,
come back.
and sorry
likely the
first
I
am
So
and the Quartermaster (Mr. Maubnf) hearing that was some at Doctor Stewart's, where I then lodged, applied to me for a small quantity to answer the immediate and pressing call. Though I had not any authority from Mrs. Stewart, who had removed to the country, to dispose of any salt,
there
but told the Quartermaster to take what he thought might be sufficient, not exceeding eight or ten bushels, provided he would engage to replace it it,
he could spare, which he promised to do. I really do not know the exact quantity he took out, as lie did not give me any report. Indeed, I did not apprehend it at that time at all necessary that he should, presuming he would render fair accounts from time to time to your Board, and that the quantity would appear from thence but as nearly as I can recollect, he informed me that he had about five bushels. As Mrs. Stewart is now in want, and the salt has not been replaced, I shall be much obliged to your Honours for an order for that quantity, or what other If it should appear hereyour Honours may think proper. after that he had not so much, the surplus shall be returned. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient and humble servant, T
out of the
seys, opposite to this, What their views are
and distant about seven I
parties meant to make their way to Red-Bank, erect works to command the chevaux-de-frise, and then to come up with
the ships. This, however, is mere matter of speculation. Colonel Griffin is, I understand, gone over with about eight hundred men, but I fear he will not be strong enough for
them. 1 have the honour to be, very respectfully,
humble servant,
dient,
JA.
llLGHMAN.
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 17th, 1776.
Captain Martin has wish him a good voyage.
I
:
sir,
your obe-
RQBT MQRRIS>
Philadelphia,
December
17th, 1776.
SIR: Since I saw you I am informed that a person in Neiv-York, who had an opportunity of being acquainted with the motions of the enemy, had advised a friend to move I am not her effects from Fishkill to some place of safety. at liberty to mention names ; but make no doubt that such message was sent, and that the person sending might be ac-
This, I understand, was before quainted with their motions. of division. movement your any I
have the honour
to be
your very humble servant,
ROBT. MORRIS.
first
honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
SIRS
to nine miles.
cannot say, but by the appearance of the men-of-war below, and the bomb-ketches being said to have sailed from New-York, it would seem as if their
General Heath.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 17, 1776.
;
The
labours
ROBERT MORRIS TO GENERAL HEATH.
GENTLEMEN: When Col. Smallwood's battalion marched into this city, his men were greatly distressed for the want
could not withhold
my
disappointment. smart northwester may give us
Annapolis, December 17th, 1776.
it, I
that
for the
an opening to push them out. I have just heard that a party or parties of the enemy were yesterday at Moorstown and Haddonfield, in the Jer-
JAMES TILGHMAN TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
part of
17th, 1776.
On
Captain Palmer, in the brig Elizabeth, to the United States of America, arrived in a safe belonging which he left the 7th of October, with port from Marsailles, He informs a valuable cargo of linens and coarse woolens. that great preparations for war were making in France when he left that place than had been known there for twenty and that two large squadrons, one from Brest, years past the other from Toulon, were to sail on the first of January next, on an expedition some where, but that their destination was a profound secret. Mr. Silas Deane was well in Paris a day or two before he sailed.
of
December
SIR: Mr. Walton, Mr. Clymer, and myself, thought it advisable to operi the enclosed letter last night, that we might judge if the expense of another express should be incurred, or detain it for the post, which we concluded to do, as I had I wrote you the unfortunate fate of General Lee before. am sorry to inform you that the Roebuck and Falcon menof-war are in Delaware Bay, and two bomb-ketches said of this news, (which is to be in the offing. receipt with a letter to certain,) I hired a pilot boat, and sent her Captain Biddle, and all the other vessels outward bound,
Savage, Esq., Weston, Boston, December 16, 1776.
Thursday
servant,
am
the honourable Council of Safety, Annapolis.
P. S.
The
the ton.
I
still.
sailed at last, with a fair wind.
We
lament the loss of General Lee, both as it and to a General whom we so highly esteem and respect yet we hope it may be in the power of your Excellency to close the campaign with honour to leave General Howe in a situation which yourself, and to may afford him little reason to boast. We assure you, sir, this Council will not suffer any thing hour to abate their exertions, but that they will use
SIR:
relates to the publick ;
which the enemy
shall delay their
the defence of this city and State
and
sible,
in
the best
every preparing for
manner pos-
most cheerfully afford your Excellency every our power.
the enclosed resolution you will see the sentiments of who refuse to do their
the Council respecting the Militia on the present occasion.
duty
in
shall
assistance in
By
approach
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1255
A
servant of Brigadier-General Dickinson's, last Friday afternoon, requested a pass to your camp, lie having, as lie
The Counfrom Mr. Dickinson to his master. a copy of thought it proper to examine the contents, which we have enclosed. The original appears to he in the General Dickinson handwriting of John Dickinson, Esq. has requested that the letter may be sent lo him, hut we think it proper to retain the original in our hands, and have referred him to your Excellency for the copy, if you shall think proper to deliver it to him. I have the honour to be, with order of the Council.
said, a letter cil
By
great respect,
sir,
THO'S WHARTON, Jun., President. His Excellency General Washington. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 17, 1776.
Resolved, That
it
be recommended
to
General Washing-
ton to issue orders immediately for the Militia of Bucks and his Army, and to Northampton Counties forthwith to join to disarm every person who does not obey send out parties
the summons, and to seize and treat as enemies all those who shall attempt to oppose the execution of this measure, and likewise every person in those "Counties who are known or suspected to be enemies to the United States.
Extract from the Minutes
:
JACOB
S.
HOWELL,
Secretary.
Receive no more Continental money on your bonds and The British troops having conquered the Jermortgages. Be in carnp, are sufficient reasons. seys, and your being It will end better for you. sure you remember this.
[Copy of a Letter found in the possession of BrigadierGeneral Philemon Dickinson's servant, directed to the said General, at camp.
J ACOB Secretary
to the
j.
HOWELL,
Council of Safety.]
;
success
To own the supremacy of the
?
17th December, 1776.
MY
LORD: Whatever errour the Court of Great Britain may have fallen into in the commencement and prosecution of the present unhappy contest with America, it was certo commit the conduct of this tainly a most politick step and the General your important affair to your Lordship, brother.
The name of Howe is dear to America, and amongst the many distressing difficulties we have to surmount, it is cerone to overcome the predilection we tainly no inconsiderable The exalted virtues of your heroick feel for your family. brother, whose bones are embraced by that soil you are now drenching with blood, often rise in painful remembrance. are ready to acknowledge the amiable dispositions that and whilst we feel the distinguish your private character; smart of the wounds you inflict, wish they had been adminconsider you as the execuistered by another hand.
We
We
tioner of another's wrath, not
as
your own
;
and forgive with
much
wretch
him
sincerity (pardon the allusion) as the condemned forgives the appointed officer who is about to torture
into another state of existence.
The
idea I have of
your Lordship's character compels me to suppose that, before you undertook this fatal task, your judgment was fully convinced that the inflexible rules of honour and equity, the of the British Constitution, and the sacred rights of spirit
mankind,
fully
authorized the claims of the British Court
over her American subjects and that a refusal of, and resistance to those claims on the part of America, is, and ought ;
to be,
deemed
rebellion against
Government.
we blame your
Under such
Lordship for asserting and For my own part, enforcing the rights of your Sovereign? I can lay my hand upon my heart, and with sincerity deLet the clare, if you are so convinced, I blame you not. same candour, my Lord, be extended to the poor Americans ! If they think, and are firmly persuaded, that neither honour nor equity, neither the spirit of the British Constitution nor the rights of mankind, can authorize the unbounded expectation of the British Court, and that it is an indisputable duty they owe to themselves and their unborn posterity to defend their Constitution against such claims, ought they not to be respected, as then acting upon the best principles,
a conviction, can
British Legislature
and properties of the people of America, or to own the supremacy of his Holiness over our immortal souls, are doctrines which can only be established by the sword and the fagot, amongst men who have the free use lives
of their reason. But I am, perhaps, going too far. I mean not to offend your Lordship, nor would I be wanting in that If my respect which is due to your character and station.
upon so interesting a subject should appear somewhat intemperate, your Lordship will make the proper allowance. Suffer me, then, to shed a few tears over the mangled limbs of my bleeding country. Know, then, that ruin and devastation, plunder and riot, insult and murder, mark the way of zeal
your savage mercenaries over this hospitable, cultivated, and once happy land. It is not enough that the hopeful youth, with fire in his eye, and a heart high beating in his country's cause, is called forth and cut down in the field of battle, where the crimson glow of health fades from his cheek, and he yields his breath an early sacrifice at the shrine of liberty; but the voice of the trembling virgin cries aloud to
Heaven
against the brutal force of the salacious ravisher, who, having accomplished his infernal purpose, spurns at the body he
Take a view of has compelled to give the unlicensed joy. cities abanthe country before you demolished, villages doned, and the miserable inhabitants driven from their :
comfortable houses, where they had long enjoyed all the endearing sweets of domestick felicity, to seek shelter, at this inclement season, they know not where; whilst the re-
mains of
LETTER TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LORD VISCOUNT HOWE.
1256
1776.
however ill-founded you may suppose those principles to be ; and ought you not to pity whilst you punish ? The present dispute is, what the rights of the Crown and Parliament are with respect to America, and what they are not. Great Britain would have us acknowledge that her claims are just, and that without much reasoning upon the She will not reason upon it she will not hear subject. what we have to say in our own defence, but we must acknowledge her claims are just. And when, my Lord, were acknowledgments of this kind forced upon mankind with over the
your obedient servant,
DECEMBER,
&c.,
try, are
their property, acquired by long labour and indusa prey to unpitying foreigners, who destroy,
left
without remorse, what they cannot immediately use or conThink not, my Lord, that this is an veniently take away. Facts exaggerated picture, overcharged in the colouring. have justified the assertion, and the mournful occasion
prompts the
style.
the nature of the commission you are come to Cruel as it is, I am nevertheless firm execute amongst us.
Such
is
opinion that your Lordship thinks you are only brandishing the sword of justice, not exercising the rod of oppression. But how you can think so, is hard for an American to conin
I have been told, and fondly encourage the belief, that your Lordship holds in contempt those parricides who, through a selfish motive of securing themselves, basely be-
ceive.
tray their country's cause,
and
that,
although you
think
of the treason, you deyourself obliged to take advantage This is a principle of honour worthy your spise the traitors. character, and perfectly consistent with the sentiments of a liberal rnind.
But
The unhasten to a conclusion of this address. fault of America now, it is said, is the Declara-
I
pardonable When our faults were less, they of Independence. Even were as hardly thought of and as highly censured. our modest complaints were called presumption, and disNo lenient hand was held out to missed with reproach. no alleviation offered to the bring matters to a happy issue we suffered no friendly shield interposed grief's we thought tion
;
;
ruin we apprehended. Independence from the wish of America, the very idea was But hard and cruel necessity drove us to the
between us and the
was
so
far
distressing.
God only knows what the event desperate determination. In the mean time, we would press upon you to will be. call forth
that
humanity which, like a healing balm, lubrimind and though you carry on your the, hand of rapine spread unnecessary
cates every generous master's work, let net
;
desolation through our suffering country. Arrest the plunderer's greedy grasp, and let not the cries of the despoiled virgin call to Heaven for vengeance on those who regard
God, and who trample on the sacred rights of humanity. Wrongs like these fix a stain even on victory itself, which not
the floods of ages cannot wash.
Yours, &.c.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1257
LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, COMMITTEE. At a meeting of the Committee of Observation, Inspection, and Correspondence, at the Court-House in Lancaster, the 17th December, 1776 Edward S/iippen, William, Atlee, Lodwick Present :
Lowmnn, William Bowsman,
Christopher Crawford, Henry William Allee Dehuff, George Moore, Mathias Slough. the chair.
in
Ordered, That Mr. Allee, out of the moneys in his hands Eve Freena, the poor families of Associators, pay to wife of James Freena, a soldier in one of the battalions of this Province, the sum of thirty shillings, she being in a disfor the
tressed situation, with a small helpless family. And that he pay to Dntchenbrode, the wife of
drew Druchenbrode,
An-
one of the battalions of this shillings, her husband being
DECEMBER,
&c.,
ROBERT
HARRISON TO COLONEL PALFREY.
H.
Head-Quarters, December 17th, 1776.
SIR:
am commanded by
Excellency to inform you, money at Peekskill for recruiting and other purposes, he thinks you had better send by Mr. Sheldon such a sum as will be sufficient for every purpose, to be paid on General Heath's warrants. The opportunity by the Major will be the best that may happen for some considerable time, as his Excellency has consented to the return of the Connecticut Light- Horse, who will take it in charge, with one of your clerks, or convey it You to such person as you may appoint to receive it there. had better advise General Heath of it by a scribere. I
that as there
I
am,
may
his
be several demands for
your, fee.
sir,
R R
a soldier in
Province, the sum of thirty with a small helpprisoner, and she in a distressed situation,
1258
1776.
To
HARRISON-
Lieutenant-Colonel William Palfrey, Paymaster-Gen-
eral.
less family.
And that he pay Shrode, the wife of Samuel Shrode, a soldier in one of the battalions of this Province, the sum of thirty shillings, her husband being prisoner, she being just brought to bed, and in a distressed situation. Mr. Atlee is directed, out of the publick moneys in his hands, to pay Mrs. Jordan her expenses for attending and burying a poor soldier from the Flying-Camp, there a day or
Mr. Atlee itants
at
is
the
who
died
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 17 December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: wards
and by
;
directed to request a meeting; of the inhabto-morrow morning, at ten
publick square
o'clock, to endeavour to fall on measures for marching the Militia of the town and County to join General Wash-
ington.
their
I
making
enemy
are
fascines, they either
have not
designs upon Philadelphia, or they yet mean to quarter in the small towns along the river; in which case I suppose they would throw up small works to
prevent a surprise. In either case, if there are any artillery or stores at Billingsport, they should be immediately removed, as I find from a late letter from you, that you have
I
am, gentlemen, with the
greatest respect,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Head-Quarters, December 17th, 1776.
SIR: I would beg leave to recall your attention to the the several letproposition for the exchange of prisoners, to ters I have lately written on that subject, and to inform you that I have not received such officers in exchange as were requested by me. I am persuaded, sir, that this mistake has arisen from Mr.
Commissary Loring's zeal to facilitate the business but I would at the same time desire that you would give him orders, whenever any of your officers are sent in by me, ;
not to send others in exchange till he is furnished with a from me of such as 1 would choose to prefer, which
list
For as the prisalways be done as soon as possible. oners seldom pass my Head-Quarters on their way, it is not in my power to transmit such lists by them without If this mode is not complied with occasioning their delay. in future, I shall be under the disagreeable necessity of stopping others from going in, as my ideas and expectations are by no means answered from what has happened. I enclose you a list of seven officers, who were sent in from Bristol on the 14th, and of two officers and two priAs the remainder vates, who accompany the present flag. of all those who were in the State of Pennsylvania are on the road and expected here daily, I shall defer making a demand of those 1 would choose in exchange till the whole shall
Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
GENERAL GATES TO
GF.NF.RAL
WASHINGTON.
Bethlehem, 17th December, 1776.
General Arnold this moment received from me your From inExcellency's letter to him of the 14th instant. which he thinks authentick, Rhode- Is land, has tellifence O been some time in possession of the enemy, and so considerable a force from Connecticut had assembled opposite to Bristol Ferry, as to render any further attempt of the British forces impracticable in that quarter. Upon mature con-
SIR
:
'
sideration,
I
think
it
is
best for the publick service that
General Arnold should previously wait upon your Excellency, communicate the intelligence he has received, and take such ample instructions as the importance of the service he is designed to execute may require. I
To
am your his
Excellency's, &c., &c., &.c.
Excellency General Washington.
WILLIAM SHIPPEN,
JUN.,
TO RICHARD HENRY LEE.
Bethlehem, Tuesday, December 17, 1776.
DEAR SIR After much difficulty and expense, I have removed all the sick to Easton, Bethlehem, and Allentown; their number is now much reduced, and all in a good way. There is I send twenty or thirty weekly to join the Army. no Paymaster or General near us, and I am almost out of I must therefore beg the favour of you to procure cash me five thousand dollars, and send them by the bearer, Dr. :
come
up. am, with due respect,
sir,
your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
To
still
not a sufficient force to protect the works that have been erected.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO LIEUTENANT-GENERAL HOWE.
1
I have moving down-
wrote to you yesterday,
their
aside
laid
two ago.
Since
received information that the
Lieutenant-General
Howe.
;
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO COLONEL MAOAW.
DEAR
names and officers
and
ranks, and
the
privates, taken
number of non-commissioned at
Fort Washington,
will
be
necessary to carry an exchange into execution, you will And please to furnish me with it as soon as convenient.
Howe
only transmitted me an account of the number of officers returned by Sir Guy Carleton, under from Canada, without specifying their names and parole, for ranks, be pleased to apply to Mr. Commissary as General
Loring
the same, and send it to me with your I am, dear sir, yours, &tc.,
To
Colonel Robert
Magaw,
own
You will please to for the use of the Hospitals. &c. Mrs. for a me, Shippen and the children receipt give arrived safe on Thursday morning, and are happily settled 1 have not heard of my clothes and in this peaceful town. fear the varlets have them as secure as poor Genold wine Hailing,
Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 17th December, 1776. SIR: As an exact return of the officers, with their
return.
Go. WASHINGTON.
Fifth Pennsylvania, Prisoner.
;
eral
Lee.
Oh I
!
what a damned sneaking way of being I saw all his bear to think of it.
can't
kidnapped. about four thousand, this morning, marching from troops, Easton, about two days' march from Washington, in good and much pleased with their General (Sullivan.) spirits, General Gates, with nine hundred men, marches from this this afternoon and to-morrow. We hear General Heath place with three thousand men. God. is within four days' march, all that send may save Philadelphia, and disapjoined cursed Tories this winter. point the
Where
are your good
k
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1259
My love and best compliments to them, and desire solthey will take care of themselves, lest our retrograde would a introduce I wish diers will run them down. you new step into your army I am sure they are perfect in the
fcc.,
;
this
time.
to
Compliments
the
Adamses,
&.C., SiC.
am
1
yours, very affectionately,
Colonel
Lee,
of the
W.
SHIPPEN, Jun.
Continental
honourable
Congress,
Philadelphia.
Newtown,
has ordered me to appoint a Deputy in your I would choose Mr. Hazard, if he is at Peeksdepartment. kill ; if he is absent, Mr. Nat. Glover, who was my clerk, and left sick at the house opposite to where Colonel Put-
are to
Physicians
to
young
the character of mates, quite ignorant, and, as I am Some I found informed, hired at half price, Stc., Stc., &ic. in
boys,
honestly doing the duty of their stations. department has been better filled does not
and
I
am
not
ashamed
to
own
that
my own become me to say,
am
I
How
far
conscious of
He
rants.
brave Americans fell entering the Army, that many more a sacrifice to neglect and iniquity in the medical department, I saw Directors, but than fell by the sword of the enemy. and Surgeons, but too much about no direction.
and the care of the sick committed
If neither of them are at hand, appoint any lived. and I will send them proper person most agreeable to you, as to send me a receipt from You'll so kind be authority. the person in whose hands the money is deposited. They
make
and industry in his Physicians, Surgeons, and Mates; all the latter, he can with pleasure declare, have done more Some have arisen from my inthan their duty cheerfully.
experience, some from the scarcity of many articles necessary for the sick, and some from the distracted, flying state of the Army. All these causes, I persuade myself, will in a great measure be removed in the next campaign, if our
would humbly propose the
following arrangement as necessary, and I hope adequate to making the sick soldiery comfortable and happy Suppose :
three armies, a Northern, Middle, and Southern; to each of these the following officers :
1 Director and Surgeon Gen'l, at 35s. Od. and 8 rations. 22 6 and 6 do.
3 Sub or Assistant Directors, 10 Surgeons or Physicians, -
20
-
7
20 Mates,
Excuse my
-
Quartermaster-Gen'l 7 >2 n f-T" J" and Commissary-General, 3 3 Deputies, or one to every hun-> ? area sick, 5 1 Steward to every hundred sick, 1 to act as
,
,
i
-)
1
1 1
Matron to - - do. - - - 3 Ward-Master to do. - - - 5 Nurse to every fifteen sick, -10 instead of one to every ten,
The
and Store-
)
gnd g
d
and 2 and 2 and 1
do.
will
9
do.
Mr. Caldwell,
do.
and 2
rations.
to be chosen by Congress; the Physicians, Surgeons, and Apothecaries, by the Directors; the Mates by the Physicians and Surgeons, after a strict examination; all other officers by the
Directors.
than
erly qualified to
my
this, in
engage
;
is great reason to apprehend, if the Militia are not supand presence of Continental troops, they ported by the aid
and perhaps disperse. Colonel Ford and support of General Lee's intention, adduce your letter of the 15th instant, wherein you say "Lieutenant-Colonel Vose, with three regiments from Ticondcroga, dispirited,
will be
this
hopes that with his aid
the consequences apprehend take place, I may be blamed. If I detain him, after Colonel Moylan's coming in quest of and the Northern troops, I am subject to be censured therefore think it expedient to wait your express orders for ;
this
dear at any
I
corps before they move. have the honour to be your very humble servant,
ALEX. McDoucALL, Brigadier-General.
price. I
have the honour
to be, dear sir,
vant,
your very humble ser-
WILLIAM SHIPPEN, Jun. now be necessary. To
No Regimental Hospitals every regiment should be appointed by the Congress, after being examined and recommended by the Directors and Physicians and Surgeons of the Hospital, or by three or four of the most eminent in any State appointed by that will
State for the purpose, 1 12s. 6d. and 4 rations per diem, Surgeon, at and 2 Mates, 6 3 and 2 do. To be supplied with one case of amputating and trepanning instruments, one case of pocket ditto, and such a chest
of medicines as the Directors shall think proper. Bethlehem, December 20, 1776.
in
day from Paramus towards your quarter. I you will be able to effect every Which they say could not be purpose which you wish." accomplished if those troops continued their march to join In this state of things I wish to have General Washington. your direction; for if I advise the Colonel to proceed, and in
men prop-
opinion, will induce
and any others
be
marched
6
after the
there
am 7
17th, 1776.
day
General Lee's being made a prisoner. The enemies of the country and their secret agents are so many, that the friends of the cause judged it not advisable for me to follow General Lee's division, as it was thirty I therefore determined to miles ahead, without a guard. wait the arrival of the troops under the command of Colonel I found Colonel Vose. Moijlan here the evening I arrived, in quest of the troops of General Gatcs's division, in order to quicken their march to join General Washington; but Colonel Vase's detachment was not then arrived, nor did it reach this until this day at noon. By the enclosed copy of General Lee's letter to the Colonel, with the assertions of Colonel Ford and the Rev. Mr. Caldivell, it appears that General Lee gave them assurances that this corps should not cross the Delaware, but be left here to support the drooping spirits of the Militia of the Counties not in hands of the enemy, who are greatly fatigued by constant duty, and the inhabitants greatly disAnd tressed by the incursions and ravages of the enemy.
g
per week,
I arrived here the next
distressing intelligence of
do.
I. every Hospital. 5 Directors-General and Sub-Directors
less
Mr
and 4
do.
the
Not
Morris-Town, December
a o
do.
at 7s. 6d.; they are not to be had at 7s. 6d. 1 to act as Secretary keeper to
great haste.
DEAR GENERAL:
do.
20
-
-
,
GENERAL M'DOUGALL TO GENERAL HEATH.
do.
------- 76
Apothecary -General, 4 Mates, 1
what money
Hon. Major-General Heath.
2 4 2
and and and and
as often as possible of
WM
4
6
me
many
skill
I
returns to
they pay, and the demands they may have. I most heartily wish you happiness and success, and am, dear General, yours sincerely, p ALJ REy
none of them have imperfections, but flatter myself that arisen from want of care and integrity in the Director, or
cruel enemies risk another.
December, 1776.
Agreeable to orders I have received from General Washington, I have sent in the care of Colonel Sheldon one hundred and thirty-four thousand dollars, for paying the troops, recruiting, and other purposes; also twenty-two thousand seven hundred and fifty more for paying General WadsworlKs brigade, to be paid by your war-
nam
their business,
17th
DEAR GENERAL:
P. S. From a tedious experience I have learned what is it my duty to necessary in a military hospital, and think I have to my friends in Congress. give my opinion thereon, attended to this matter more carefully, because I saw on my first
1260
1776.
COLONEL PALFREY TO GENERAL HEATH.
ladies?
back step by
DECEMBER,
Major-General Heath,
at
Hackinsack.
P. S. Since I wrote the above, a part of the Militia under Colonel Ford had a skirmish with the enemy at Springin which our people obliged them first to field, in the night, retreat to their main body; when we were obliged in our It will turn to retire, with some loss. greatly advance the service if you quicken your march towards Springfield, Twelve p. m. through Newark mountains.
COLONEL FORD TO GENERAL HEATH. ten o'clock in the Evening, and twelve miles west of Elizabeth-Town.
Chatham, 17th December, 1776,
DEAR
We
\ ^
have since sunset had a brush with the below four miles this, in which we have suffered, enemy, SIR:
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1261 and our
Militia
disheartened.
They
are
all
retreated
will in all probability be attacked by dayhave reason to believe, are double enemy,
The
break.
much
and
to this place,
we
General McDougall is will) the northern battalions that were coming on with Colonel Vose, and inHe is this tends marching directly to General Washington. night in Morris-Town, eight miles west of this, and we have no expectations of his assistance. If in your wisdom you can assist us, we may possibly beat them yet; but without your aid we can't stand. They are encamped (say one thousand British troops) at Springfield, and will be joined by four hundred and fifty Waldeckers from Elizabeth-Town, I know, sir, it is not for rne, by the next morning's light. nor would I presume, to direct you, but if you can consistI ently, I beg and pray you would come to our assistance. you think proper to come to our assistance, the bearer will give you our situation and that of the enemy, and be your guide; after which you will be a proper judge whether to beat up their rear or march in their front and join us, or rather suffer us to join you, and march the whole down upon them. Am your most obedient servant,
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1262
and sent hither about sixty of them, five regulars, and upwards of one hundred small-arms, &c. I am, with due respect, your most obedient servant,
GEO. CLINTON.
our numbers.
To
the
JACOB FORD, Jun., Colonel. Hon. General Heath, at Second River or Hackin-
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Pyramus, 17th December, 1776.
Kakiate on Sunday, where I found Colonels Woodhull's, McClaghry's, Hawthorn's, and Alison's regiments of Militia, consisting of about twelve hundred men, exclusive of commissioned officers, :
I
arrived at the City near
waiting with the utmost anxiety for orders to
move
forward.
found that General Heath had marched his division down to Orange-Town, and from thence had proceeded to Hackensack ; but as I could not learn what reception he had met with on his arrival there, and could not know but for want I
of succour he might
fail in his expedition, I thought it most expedient to proceed thither myself, accompanied by some of my officers and a small detachment of Light-Horse. I
did so accordingly. and found that the
I
arrived there yesterday afternoon,
enemy, who were but few in number, on the General's approach had precipitately fled, accompanied by a number of principal Tories, leaving in town, at the bridge, and on board of vessels in the river, a large quantity of valuable stores, great part of which were removed to this place, and on the road hither. Just before I arrived, a considerable body of the enemy were discovered by our out scouts to cross from Fort Washington to this shore, in two bodies, a number moving from the southward towards Totoway Bridge, and another party was seen opposite HackIn consequence of which the General had ensack Ferry, ordered a retreat to this place, to cover the stores he had sent forsvard here, and prevent their encircling him. I thought prudent, considering the movements of tire enemy and his strength, which consists only of about six hundred privates. It was effected in the night.
By
the General's advice,
I
WoodhuWs and McClaghry's
have ordered down Colonels regiments to this place, and
I hourly expect them in. hope the different situation of our affairs since the issuing of my orders will justify me in the opinion of the honourable the Convention in this small de-
viation from them, especially-as
General Heath cannot effect
any thing without great risk, without this small reinforcement. I thought to have disposed of the remaining regiments under my command in the manner mentioned in the enclosed letter to Colonel Allison, which I wrote and intended sending him, but feared it might be considered as too great a deviation from my orders. I therefore thought it best first to transmit it to you, and if it should meet the
approbation of your honourable House, beg you will forward it by The reasons why I wish to have a regiexpress to him. ment at Tappan is not only to protect our friends there, but if the enemy should advance while we attack them in front,
that regiment
Malcom's regiment were I have shown General Heath your order or request respecting Malcom's and Thomas's regiments, but have not yet received his orders respecting the latter. I enclose you a letter from some of the Committee of Orange-Town, which 1 received on my way hither.
To
the Honourable the President of the Convention of
the State of
New- York.
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO COLONEL ALLISON. Peyeames, 17 December, 1776.
DEAR
On
move with your and there continue till Orange-Town, You'll be careful on your march thither to further orders. keep out proper advanced and flank guards, and when ihere the necessary guards and scouting parlies to prevent your regiment
SIR:
down
receipt hereof you are to
to
being surprised by the enemy. You'll give every protection in your power to the friends of the United States in that quarter of the country. At the same time you'll endeavour to discover, apprehend, and secure the enemies of said States, who may be found
sack.
DEAR SIR
forgot to mention that Colonel dismissed before I could see him. I
might
fall
upon
their rear.
regiments from the north end of Ulster County I mean to station them near the are not yet arrived. passes in the Highlands. The Tories who remained in Hackensack were in the utmost consternation on General Heath's to into the town.
dealt with according to their crimes. Take special care, however, that your troops do not plunder the inhabitants
under any pretence whatever. If the British troops should approach you with superiour numbers, or under such advantages as to render it imprudent lo give them bailie, in either of ihese cases retreat
in order, so as to regain the passes near Highlands Sydenham's. Colonel Hathorn's regiment will continue where they now are, and stand ready to sustain you in case of necessity, and to strengthen the pass near SyJenham's. Colonel Hasbrouck's regiment,
the
in
which must ere in
have arrived, must occupy Haverstraw, in the Highlands near the river, reinforce Fort Montgomery in case any attempt should
He
took
this
order to secure the passes
and to be made against
it.
You'll therefore deliver the
command-
ing officers of those regiments copies of this order, that they may govern themselves accordingly. You'll take the
proper steps to ensure your being furnished with provisions Orange-Town, and your Quartermaster will draw the necessary ammunition from the Army Quartermaster-Gen-
at
Major Taylor, at Haverstraw, of which you must be very careful, thai if not used it may be returned. eral,
1
To
am, your humble servant,
GEORGE CLINTON
Colonel William Allison. ISAAC NICOLL TO JOHN M'KESSON. Peeks-Kill,
December
17th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: I last night received the disagreeable news It has come so of General Lee being taken a prisoner. straight that I believe it is beyond a doubt he was taken It seems he lodged at Baskenridge last Thursday night. three miles in the rear of the Army, and a Tory of that place went to the Regulars and told them of it, and piloted the Light-Horse to him, who took him prisoner. The time is now come that every one who is a friend to his country ought to stand forth, and in the situation our enemy is now, Let in the Jerseys, I think a fatal stroke may be struck. the people be called from all parts, and in the name of God cut them off from the face of the earth, with the damn'd Tories. The secret expedition the Convention has planned on with all expedition. ought, in my opinion, to be drove I think it is likely that General Lee had the last returns If they are found with from Generals Heath and Spencer. will muster what Howe General that it not is him, likely out of New- York, joined with the Tories troops he can spare and Rogers' s Rangers, and scour this county, take the stores at North-Castle, and perhaps advance to this post. I
The two
them unexpected and sudden entry
lurking or under arms in that quarter, that they may, if taken alive, be delivered over to the civil authority, to be
hear the
Port.
The
fleet sent to the
eastward has landed at
inhabitants capitulated.
About one
the town, and two thirds staid. I am, in haste, your sincere friend and
humble
New-
third left
servant,
ISAAC NICOLL.
To John
McKesson, Esq.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1263
THOMAS MOFFAT TO JOHN M'KESSON. Peeks-Kill, 17 December, 1776.
SIK: Yesterday, by order of Colonel Nicoll, I went on board the enemy's flag at Verplank's Point, and delivered the letter from Convention directed to Messrs. Iiiglis, Livingston, and Moore, who were all highly pleased with the favour granted them, and desired me to return their compliments to Convention for the polite usage they had received from that Mr. Inglis would have wrote them a note of complibody. ments himself, hut had unfortunately lost his inkstand. Mr. Inglis and the other gentlemen expressed a desire of having another vessel with a flag from here, to assist them down to New-York with their families, as the vessel on If a board of which they are is small, and much cramped. matter of that kind should be granted, and a capable person put aboard, perhaps some important discovery might be
made
at this juncture.
am, with respect, humble servant, I
To
sir,
your most obedient and very
THOMAS MOFFAT.
John McKesson, Esq.,
Fishkill.
Fort Constitution, December 17, 1776.
GENTLF.MEN: Enclosed you have the proceedings of a Court-Martial
consequence of Peter Harris's deserting unbecoming behaviour since his return. Peter in
twice, and his Harris, a soldier of Captain Peal's company, was brought here some time last week, by his father-in-law, Captain Reynolds, in order to get him clear from punishment. After
he should and all his former crimes should stand good against him, and should be put on duty every day, and for the same should receive no pay; but in case he should commit any crime, should be tried for old and new. Now, gentlemen, I send to you, by his father's interceding a great while, I consented be brought in; would give him a smart reprimand,
Lieutenant Platt, said Harris, for you to determine the matter with him, as you think most best. 1 am, with the greatest respect, your very humble ser-
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT.
To
the honourable Convention of the State of
New- York,
at Fishkills.
COURT-MARTIAL ON PETER HARRIS.
Lieut. Charles Plait, Lieut. Jacobus Horton,
this
day, Captain
Lieut. Nathaniel Potter, Lieut. Simeon Lefever.
Peter Harriss, soldier, of Captain Israel Veal's company, Colonel Jacobus Swartwout's regiment, being brought before this Court, and charged with desertion and threatening violence to his Captain and others
The
prisoner confesses the charge, and owns himself and guilty, prays the mercy of this Court. This Court are of opinion that Peter Harriss is guilty of desertion and abuse in the grossest manner, and think the most proper step they can take with him is to recommend him to the Convention for their determination, and likewise to send a true state of his crime, which is as follows He being a volunteer, and having deserted twice, and taken the full bounty, and never done one month's service, and behaved himself otherwise very bad, and now threatening :
violence to them who offered to apprehend him, as swearinf he would be revenged as soon as he was discharged.
BERNARDUS SWARTWOUTT,
Captain.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. [Without
date.]
SIR: Mr. Duer, with several other members of Convention, is now attending the Army raised within this State, on projected by this Convention, with a cooperate with your Excellency or attempt to create a diversion in your favour. For this reason your Excellency's letter of the 14th instant to that gentleman has been laid before the Committee of Safety. Anxious for a secret
view
1776.
expedition
to
the publick good, they have long viewed the want of clothing for the Army as a very capital misfortune. Unhappily deprived of all our sea-ports, the means of importation are
1264
we have in vail endeavCongress and our sister
The recruits States, or a part of the Continental bounty. are importunate, and express the utmost discontent that it is
Discontent
withheld.
is increased by their being ordered Northern posts, which are in a manner desof garrison. A spirit of desertion is already prevailing
march
to
titute
and
to the
;
which in the betjfinnini' O 3 was now meets will) discouragement. successful, uncommonly Perplexed with this difficulty, it was with the utmost satisthe
recruitin" O
service,'
faction that \ve learned that a quantity of clothing for the Continental troops were stored at this place. They arrived at Ptelaleill about a month ago, remained there several days, were then sent to Fishkill Landing, about twenty
miles north of Peekskill, stored for a week, and then transported by land to this town, six miles east of the landing, and stored there for several days, without any effort to have
them made
into clothes, or, according to our information, Add to order to forward them to your Excellency. any that, that the Deputy Quartermaster-General, Mr. Hughes, informed one of the members that part of the goods were to
here for the use of the Continental troops within this From all these circumstances, Convention was led to conclude that there could be no impropriety in applying left
State.
them accordingly. It is true that he was not inclined to them without your Excellency's direction, though he finally consented, on the importunity of the Committee deliver
of Convention appointed to procure clothing for the Continental troops in this department. These are the facts; and if we have erred, it is from an earnest anxiety to pro-
mote the publick service, which was, and slill is, suffering for want of compliance with the encouragement which Congress have ordered to the new levies.
You may be assured, sir, that nothing is further from our wishes than to interfere in the military line, or abridge your Excellency's unquestionable province ; on the contrary, we lament it as a misfortune that from your late necessary retreat
and remote
operations
compelled
situation, so great a share of the military is cast upon us, and that we are to turn our attention to matters out of the line of in
this
quarter
power, and solely resting with your Excellency. request communicated to Mr. Duer for forwarding such of the goods as have not been delivered to Continental Permit us to recruits, shall be instantly complied with. the
civil
The
assure your Excellency that there
Fort Constitution, December 16th, 1776.
At a Regimental Court-Martial, held Barnardus Swartwout, President.
DECEMBER,
totally cut off from this Stale, and oured to procure a supply from
be
COLONEL SWARTWOUT TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
&c.,
is
not the least room for
apprehending that any stores of goods passing through this State will be detained. The respect we have always shown and sincerely feel for your person and office, our uniform and cheerful compliance with all your requisitions, and zeal for the common cause, and the great and continued exertions of this State, ought, we flatter ourselves, to secure us from such suspicion. In the instance of which your Excellency complains, we conceived we were serving the publick, though we were sensible that in that, as well as many other It is out respects, we were acting out of our proper sphere. of our power to clothe the quota of levies of this State: our Militia constantly employed in the field, are drawn from their ordinary business ; the inhabitants themselves are deswe have few manufacturers, and cloth of every titute; We have inkind is scarce and dear beyond description. formed the Committee of our inability, as well as the Quartermaster-General. We have no answer or aid from either, but assure ourselves that when your Excellency's arduous situation shall permit, these circumstances, which give us unspeakable
distress, will
claim your attention.
The
First
New-York
Battalion, commanded by Colonel VanSchaick, and recruited to about four hundred men, is already marched to garrison Fort George or Ticonderoga, for the safety of which, against a winter campaign, we are not without strong apprehensions, as the troops stationed at those important fortresses inarch off immediately on the expiration of the Had this State been encumbered term of their inlistment. with raising only the five battalions assigned for its quota, we flatter ourselves that under every difficulty our engagements to Congress would soon have been complied with. But besides the battalion under our immediate direction, Colonel Hazen and Colonel James Livingston, and even
Colonel Warner and numbers of their officers, are recruiting within a State already deprived of a great part of its I have the honour to be, &tc. His Excellency General Washington.
territory.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1265 JOS.
TRUMBULL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Fishkills, 17th
HONOURED SIR:
I
went from PeeksJcill
December, 1776.
arrived at this place
iliis
morning.
to go to I General Washington, at Philadelphia. proceeded as far as Morristown, New-Jersey; there I found I could not get to the General, or to Philadelphia, without going round by Easton, and 1 was there also told Congress were going to When at This was not true. Lancaster or Yorktown. while there and came I a for Morristown, stopped guide, an account of the enemy's Light-Horse had taken General Lee, at White's Tavern, near Baskenridge, about seven miles from Morristown. This was soon confirmed by Major Bradford, one of his Aids-de-Camp, \vlio came into Morristown, and says that General Lee was at White's, at that a party of about sixty Lightabout twelve o'clock Horse, led by a Tory, who was with the General complain-
I
last
Wednesday, intending
;
ing of the loss of a horse taken by the Army the evening before, he found where the General was to lodge and break-
and that he was to be at this tavern about noon. He them, and rode eighteen miles in the night to Brunswick, and returned with the party of Light-Horse. They came up to the house before they were discovered, took away the General after some little opposition, and the loss of two Lightfast,
left
Horsemen killed. They went off in a great hurry; carried off the General without his great coat or hat. In about three hours after the cannon played furiously, rejoicing on the occasion.
General Sullivan now commands that party. He is to Delaware, and join General Washington. General Gates is at Easton, or thereabout. Brother John is with him. General Heath, with about three thousand men, is gone to Hnckensack, and from thence to .Newark, and so on, hanging upon the enemy's rear. General Washington is reinforced, and continually increasing in numbers. I expect to stay here and at Peekskill till after the first of January, unless the General orders otherwise, and then come to Hartford. I wait his orders. Mr. Sherbrook and Mr. Alexander Wallace are here they beg their respects to you, and that I inform that they have obtained leave to go into NewYork. Please to tell Colonel Dyer that his son, Major Dyer, was well last Thursday, near Head-Quarters, opposite cross
;
Trenton. I
am, honoured
sir,
your
dutiful son,
Jos.
TRUMBULL.
Governour Trumbull.
WILLIAM CORDON TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Jamaica Plain, December
MY
DEAR SIR:
17, 1776.
some time past in pain for your Excellency, but still in hopes that you would receive a reinforcement sufficient and soon enough to prevent the enemy's crossing the Delaware, or marching down by it on the Accounts yesJersey side toward Philadelphia. I
have been
for
terday relieved us from our anxiety, and have given us reason to conclude that the Regulars have left Brunswick
and gone down by water to Staten-Island. If so, we may consider the campaign as over; and upon a review, have reason to be thankful. Certain it is, that if we have not succeeded in every instance to the utmost of our wishes, 'tis no less so with the enemy, who, so far from having made a conquest of the Continent, have not completed the reduction of a single Province, not even that in which they had the most interest. Whatever puffs the Ministry may cook up and present to the publick, they that expected more solid doings and to have had matters settled, will find themselves wretchedly disappointed. Our friends in Europe will judge that, all things considered, we have made a glorious campaign. France and Spain will be likely to believe that we shall not be an incumbrance to them in case of their de-
DECEMBER,
Sic.,
1776.
1266
of her seven prizes, whom she meant They are worth between two and three hundred thousand pounds sterling, prime cost, as I am informed. One has sixteen thousand full suits of clothes, weather, she
lost sight
see safe in
to
port.
in Canada, each suit, including and two pair shoes, amounting to eight pounds sterThis ship mounted sixteen guns, was pierced for
designed for the soldiers shirts ling.
twenty or one-and-twenty, bore down upon the Alfred, who concealed her lower ports, with a view of taking her, and was herself caught. She is a remarkable fine sailer. Captain Jones, of the Alfred, put in her full complements of guns, took out all her men, and manned her with a hundred of his own. Yesterday an armed vessel was to sail, and cruise off Nantucket Shoals for her, to give information of the enemy's being at Rhode-Island. The Council have also sent expresses directing that boats should keep a good lookI trust that Providence will make her a deoout for her.
dand (I mean a gift of God !) to us. We have our fears We have cause for hoping that she has not got however. into Newport, considering the weather and other circum* stances. Am told that another of the prizes has bombs, mortars, Sic., on board. The Captain has brought in all the prisoners, to the amount of one hundred and sixty among them some officers, and the Judge, a nephew of Lord EffingThis gentleman may ham, of course of Lady Carleton. possibly induce the General to admit of a flag of truce going ;
to him, though it is not to supplicate his Majesty's mercy, and may cure Howe's shuffling with, instead of exchanging,
Carleton's prisoners. Accounts were received
yesterday from Rhode-Island hang three or four sol-
that Carleton had been obliged to diers for ravishing the women.
Would
it not answer a valuable purpose, was an authenaccount to be transmitted this way of the plunderings of the Regulars, without regard to Whig or Tory, in order to Your Excellency will be too much its being published ? attend to such a matter, but you can prevail to engaged upon some of your suite to write to me. At Salem a noble spirit was discovered in raising the Gentlemen of considerable troops for the three months. fortune turned out volunteers, several wortli many thousand Should your Excellency visit their quarters, I am sterling. sure it will be a pleasure to you to see and take notice of The gentlemen of Boston expect to engage their th'em. proportion for the whole three years. The Cadet company have furnished thirty-six gentlemen, who have signed a petition, to be presented this day to Council, requesting that they may be appointed officers in one of the battalions to be furnished by the Massachusetts State. They mean to wipe away the reproach that has lain long upon Boston for not furnishing the Army with more military men. I hope there will be no invincible
tick
way, preventing a compliance; for as they have been well educated, know more of the world than the country clowns, have a sense of honour, a spirit of emulation, and understand their exercise, expect that, should they have a regiment, it will be as fine and as well disciplined a obstacles in the
corps as any upon the Continent. When I acquaint your Excellency that I am preparing for that history in which you are so deeply concerned and make so eminent a figure, and in the forming of which you
were so obliging as to assure rne you would assist by furthat I nishing materials, your Excellency will conclude do not despair of the commonwealth, but look for a happy Should our cause conclusion to the present noble struggle. and selfishmiscarry, it will be owing to our own supineness ness; but these, 1 natter myself, are at their summit, and will abate shortly. Your Excellency would do the country great service,
would you urge it upon our General Court to fortify the harbour of Boston to the utmost, and make the necessary
that so, should I claring war against Great Britain, but the contrary. provision for its being effectually defended, can heartily bless God for having carried us so well through the Ministry set on foot an expedition against it early the the year, and thankfully make my acknowledgments, as next spring, the same may not succeed. an individual, to your Excellency and others, who have Do me the favour, my dear sir, of making my respectful been used as instruments therein. Should a few prizes, compliments to your suite, to Generals Putnam, Greene, whose arrival we have not yet heard of, get safe in, the bal- Lord Stirling, &.c. Mrs. Gordon joins in warmest wishes for when you write to ance will be much in our favour. your safety and success, and pray you, The Alfred is got to Boston harbour, designed for Rhode- your lady, to transmit our respects, as also to Mr. and Mrs. The coldness of the weather has injured the wriIsland; but the wind coming contrary, may have been the Custis. means of saving her. This day se'nnight, in thick stormy ting, but my heart is warm and sincere, notwithstanding the FIFTH SERIES. VOL. III. 80
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1267 coldness of
my
hand, while
affectionate friend,
I subscribe myself your very and most humble servant,
WILLIAM GORDON. His Excellency George Washington, Generalissimo of the
American
forces.
fcc.,
DECEMBER,
1268
1776.
And and men being in the service of this State. case Major Thompson leaves Rehobolh. he is directed to leave the powder with the Selectmen of liehoboth, with the
said officers in
above
directions.
We
shall be "lad to hear from you, and of a general We think it of our Militia round Rhode-Island be into should made the cartridges, and expedient powder recommend the doing this in various sizes; and the strictest
return J.
WARREN TO MASSACHUSETTS BOAKD OF WAR. Plymouth, December
17, 1776.
SIR: This goes by Captain Bartlett, of the schooner Elizabeth, chartered on account of the Board, for South-Car-
Maryland, or Pennsylvania. She is a fine schooner, of forty six tons; and I am told he is very capable of selling or purchasing a cargo in either of those places, if you Month's wages are already think proper to consign to him. paid you will therefore furnish him with such stores and cargo as you shall think proper, and despatch him that he may go another trip if you want it. I have another schooner, of a smaller size, which I shall send up next week,
'.
care will he necessary to prevent waste and embezzlement of ammunition. Captain Mefvil, of the train, is directed to assist in
olina,
By
making up
the cartridges.
order of the Board S.
:
PHIPS SAVAGE, President p.
t.
Brigadier-General Godfrey.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO CAPTAIN MELVIL.
;
War Office, SIR
The Board
:
find
Boston, December 17ih, 1776.
by your
letter to
Mr. Savage, you
We
unless you think best to order her from here. I shall either purchase or hire one more, perhaps this day, and shall hire one for the West-Indies if I can make a cargo, which I have
decline the appointment to the place of Commissary. therefore desire you to pay the moneys remitted you, into
some prospect of. When you don't approve of my conduct you will recall me. J WARREN. I am your most humble servant,
provisions as you have belonging to this State. expect you give all possible assistance to Mr.
.
To
the President of the
Board of War.
the hands of Mr. //.
Newman, and
We
the discharge of his duty.
also deliver lo
recommend
the
him such
We
shall
Newman
in
making the
powder at Rehobolh into cartridges, put under the care of Major Thompson for that purpose. By order of the Board S. P. SAVAGE, President p. t. Captain Thomas Melvil. :
ELLIS GRAY TO CAPTAIN STONE. Boston, December 17th, 1776.
SIR: You are hereby empowered to charter a vessel that will sail well and is floaty, for North- Carolina, sufficient to carry six hundred barrels naval stores. The Board of War will allow eight shillings per month, and insure against the
enemy.
Your humble
The Board
ELLIS GRAY.
servant,
will allow
for the
necessary expense in you a vessel and and hands; your own pay of six provisioning pounds per month is to commence this day.
To
Captain Nathaniel Stone,
AZOR ORNE TO THOMAS CUSHING. Marblehead, December
17, 1776.
DEAR SIR: Your favour I have before me, acquainting of the resolution of the honourable Board respecting the ComI shall endeavour to mittee attending at Providence, &c. be in Boston by Friday noon, and have thus advised Mr. Dalton. Hope you provide the carriage, that we may be able to get off on Saturday. In haste, I am your most humble servant,
AZOR ORNE. MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO CAPTAIN JOHNSON.
War
Office,
Boston, December 17th, 1776.
SIR: The Board of War desire you to proceed to Bevthe brig Ann to sea. You will agree erly, and despatch with the master and hands on the best terms you can. You take the
of lading for the cargo assigned to yourself, and give orders to the Captain to proceed with all possible despatch to Baltimore, in Maryland, and back again. By order of the Board will
bills
:
S. P.
SAVAGE, President p.
t.
Captain Holten Johnson.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO JOHN BRADFORD.
War Office,
Boston, December 17th, 1776.
The Board
of War having intelligence by Captain Jones, of the Continental ship Alfred, that he left a very valuable prize five days since, and under the apprehension of her falling into the enemy's hands, we earnestly recommend to you to direct one or more of the Continental schooners now in port, to proceed to sea immediately, and
SIR:
possible to give intelligence to the prize-master that the enemy's fleet have possession of the port of Newport and the Vineyard Sound.
if
By
order of the Board. S.
PHIPS SAVAGE, President p.
t.
John Bradford, Esq. MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO GENERAL GODFREY.
War Office,
Hon. Thomas Gushing, Esq.
Boston, December 17, 1776.
SIR: Agreeable to order of Court, the Board of War inform you that they have ordered a quantity of provisions to Providence, under the direction of the Commissary, Mr. Newman, which is ordered to be delivered agreeable to establishment and also a quantity of powder, under the care of Major Thompson, of Rehoboth, which is ordered to be ;
distributed to such General Officers of the State rf
Massa-
chusetts-Bay as shall apply for it, or to such Captains as shall make return of a company, twenty-five rounds per man,
MEMORIAL OF COMMITTEE OF SUNBURY, NOVA-SCOTIA.
To
the
General Assembly of the State O/MASSACHUSETTS-
BAY:
The Memorial of the Committee of Safety
in the
County of
SUNBURY, in NOVA-SCOTIA, humbly showeth: That the Chiefs of the St. John's Indians having the
summer
past been to the General
Assembly of the State of
the Massachusetts, and there entered into an alliance or treaty with the States ; which treaty was afterwards ratified by Colonel Francis Shaw, in behalf of the States, and the tribe
of said Indians being
in
general
assembled at St.
it was stipulated that they should be supplied with goods at a reasonable rate, and that Colonel Shaw promised them that goods should be sent them to St. John's immediately after his arrival at Bos-
John's;
in
which treaty the Indians say
which goods have not yet arrived, and no intelligence received concerning them ; and the Indians being in a naked, the States with the suffering condition, begin to accuse ton,
breach of
faith.
were to be allowed a priest, worship in their own way, and the French priests in Canada being almost universally in favour of the King's not choose to have any concern with them, party, they do We are connot even to take absolution from such an one. vinced that it will not be possible to keep them long easy without a person to exercise the functions of a priest among
They
further say that they
to
But we recommend to your wise consideration them. whether there doth not now appear a favourable opportunity and as to bring them off from their superstitious errours several of their warriours have lately been engaged in an and others gone to the expedition against Fort Cumberland, westward, the Committee have hitherto supplied their families with provision, but could not supply them with clothing, the Indians seem very uneasy at their disappointment. ;
The Committee therefore humbly beg your Honours would take some measures to satisfy the Indians in these matters, otherwise the States will be in danger of losing
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1269 their friendship;
and your memorialist, as
in
duty bound, will
ever pray. &tc., &ic., Sic. Signed by order of the Committee:
Dated
at Maugerville, in
JACOB BARKER, Chairman. the County of Sunbury, Decem-
ber 17th, 1776.
Return of INDIANS present
in the Expedition against
FORT
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1270
man, are all, by profession, opinionated in favour of Government, smiled at the sight of the dollars, which for a while suspending their loyalty, they supplied the American to a
Some days after the agent with every thing he wanted. agent had safely landed his cargo at St. Eustatin, informaCommander-in-Chief, who issued a proclamation, prohibiting the exportation of woolen stufF. Pray, whether is the policy of the Council, or the loyalty of the merchants, most visible ? tion
was given
to the
CUMBERLAND. Governour Ambrose Bear, John Corlease, Alt. Jacnnis, Tomo. Squatpan, Pierre Prugu-ay, Newe.lis Newell, Lewis Newell, John Baptist, Pierre Tomo, Michael Baptist, Joseph Tomo, Joseph Tomo, Jun., Pierre Coleau, AbraSt. John's Indians, who ham, Sitpablist Le Port, Pazil; have lost in tlie aforesaid expedition five canoes and two guns.
Mickmac Indians Captain Charles, Andrew, Pierre Paul, Nicholas. This may certify all concered, that the Indians within mentioned were present in the expedition against Fort Cumberland, for the space of eight weeks, and met with the loss therein mentioned. Witness my hand, at Maugerville, on the river St. John's, this 17th December, 1776. JONATHAN EDDY,
Commanding
the United Forces.
GOVERNOUR OF VIRGINIA TO THE BOARD OF WAR. Williamsburgh, December 18ih, 1776.
of necessaries wanted for the Cavalry of this Commonwealth, which are ordered to join General Washington, agreeable to a requisition of Congress. A few things comprised in this list have been furnished here; perhaps one hundred arms, or thereabouts, will be found the
SIR: Enclosed
troops I
To
O
hear, are the letters sent by GenCongress at Philadelphia, which were intercepted on the road and brought to General Howe. The purport of them is the present state of the Army under his command, and the improbability of his attacking the King's forces with any hopes of success, and also his ina-
He further of keeping his present hold much longer. furnish could him that unless the them, Congress says with several more battalions against the opening of the next campaign, he should not be able to make head against the The nomination of the officers, he remarks, King's troops. must be left with him, as those he has already under his command were not fit to be trusted, both on account of bility
in
skill.
EXTRACT FROM SAMUEL CURWEN's JOURNAL, EXETER, ENGLAND, DECEMBER 18, 1776. a Mr. Lloyd, of the Twentieth Regiment, just arrived Lord Home frigate from Quebeck, and who was on the lake with Burgoyne and Carleton, a report is brought that a merchantman met the Active frigate at sea, and
By
in
the
learned that General Washington had abandoned the lines
Kingsbridge, left his cannon and stores, and that his Army is mouldered away; that New-York, New-Jersey, the Union, and Pennsyloania,3.n
The
JOHN BURNELL.
President of the honourable Council of Safety,
Annap-
olis.
MAJOR DEAKINS TO RICHARD RIDGELY. George-Town, December
DEAR
SIR
:
The
bearer,
18th, 1776.
Mr. John Youst, who has con-
tracted with the Council of Safety for a now waits on them for cash to enable
is a man much to be depended on, deceive them. I have been in his shop, and find him well prepared, as far as I can judge, to carry on the business extensively.
assure the Council he
I
will not
wrote you some time past for commissions
cers in a Militia
for the offi-
company in the Twenty-Ninth Battalion, and they have not yet come to hand therefore please send ;
18th, 1776.
to
Yesterday Captain John Rice, commander of a look-out vessel, which we stationed at Cape May, arrived here from his station, and informs us that five of the enemy's ships, The Roebuck and with three tenders, are in our Capes. and force of the are of the The names number. Fowey others we are ignorant of. We presume they do not intend up our river, unless General Howe's future movements should encourage them. have sent a quantity of old clothing by the bearer, which may be of some use to such of our fellow-countrymen who are in the Army and are necessitous for want of suit-
We
We
able covering at this inclement season of the year. request your Excellency will give orders to have them disto such as most want them, particularly to the Southern troops, who, we are informed, are in great need. By order of the Council. I have the honour to be your Excellency's most obedient servant, DAVID RITTENHOUSE, Vice President.
tributed
His Excellency General Washington.
GEORGE ROSS TO LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, COMMITTEE.
He
may
and
have
number of muskets, him
to carry on his has employed a number of hands, and is now in a good way of doing much work, if he is properly assisted with cash, without which he cannot go on; and you
business.
WASHINGTON.
acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's favour of the 16th and 17th instant, and shall be attentive to the subjects recommended. SIR:
Baltimore, December 18th, 1776.
SIR:
We
GF.N.
December
Reading, 18th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: General
of Congress, Mifflin, at the request Lancaster on Saturday, to devise with you and the Associators the best mode of calling forth the strength of the country and on consulting with him, this morning I wrote a circular letter, of which the enclosed is a copy, and have sent expresses to Colonels Grubb, Greenwalt, Surd, Green, and Galbreath, as we thought the notice this way would be earlier than to have troubled you to have sent them from Lancaster. You will, I doubt not, procure the will
be
at
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1273
attendance of the officers and privates from the other parts of the country to meet on Saturday, and if you please may send my letter, or conduct the matter in any manner you think proper. I
am, with esteem, gentlemen, yours,
&ic.,
GEO. Ross.
To
the honourable Committee, Lancaster.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
augmentation, except that of the city Militia, turned out in a spirited manner.
1274 who have
Convinced that Philadelphia was the object of Mr. Howe's movements, and the fatal consequences that would attend the loss of it, I wrote for General Lee to reinforce me with the troops under his immediate command. By some means or other their arrival has been retarded, and unhappily, on Friday last the General, having left his divisand proceeded on the flanks three or four miles nearer enemy, (then eighteen miles from him,) of which they were informed by some Tories, was surprised and carried off, ion
CIRCULAR.
the
Reading, 18th December, 1776.
FRIENDS AND FELLOW-COUNTRYMEN your zeal and to
resolution
My knowledge of your country, and your animated defend every thing dear and valuable among :
affection for
me
when
without vigorous exertions of all the power and strength of this State, to call on you without delay to step forth into the field, under confidence in God of the uprightness of your
men, induces
at
this
period,
all
lost
is
cause, which will insure victory over enemies glorying in every act of outrage and impiety, and debauching your
wives and daughters in the face of the sun, as if they were cursed of the Lord. The ravished maiden, the insulted parent, the buffeted hoary head, whose feeble arm cannot resent the injury, nay, their God and your God, call on you to drive from this once happy land those bold and impious
invaders of our peace.
Our worthy countryman, General Mifflin, at the request of Congress, goes to Lancaster on Saturday, to assist in forming such measures as to enable you to exert your whole strength at this time. Therefore let as many of the officers and privates of every battalion as conveniently can repair there on that day, and in the mean time inform the whole battalion of the business, that they may be enabled immediately to execute whatever may be determined on in that meeting. I
To
am, with much esteem, your Colonel
,
and servant, G. Ross. and the officers and privates of his friend
battalion.
about eleven o'clock, by a party of about seventy LightHorse. 1 will not comment upon this unhappy accident. I feel much for his misfortune, and am sensible that in his captivity our country has lost a warm friend and an able
officer.
Upon the whole, our affairs are in a much less promising condition than could be wished, yet I think, under the smiles of Providence and by our own exertions, we shall be happy. Our cause is righteous, and must be supported. Every nerve should be strained to levy the new Army. If a respectable
one can be procured in season, all may be well. The ensuing campaign will be an important one, and the issue may lead to happiness, or the most melancholy of all events. I have the honour to be, with sentiments of great respect, sir, your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON.
The Hon. James Bowdoin,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 18th December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR:
By a letter just received from the State of Massachusetts, (copy of which you have enclosed,) I find that they had ordered six thousand Militia to be immediately raised,
and appointed the place, of rendezvous at Danbury, where they are to meet General Lincoln,
in Connecticut,
who
You will perceive from the the appearance of the men-of-war and transports off the coast of New-England, did not seem to alter their intention of sending the Militia forward but is
to take the
tenour of the
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE GENERAL COURT OF MASSA-
Esq., President, &c.
command.
letter, that
;
CHUSETTS. Head-Quarters, at Keith's, December 18, 1776.
SIR: I
morning received the honour of your favour of the 8th instant, and beg leave to return your honourable this
am
the descent should really be made, If this conthey will find employ for them nearer home. siderable reinforcement should arrive with you, I don't know I
inclined to think,
how you
if
could better employ them, or render more essential
my warmest acknowledgments for their early attention my requisition, and assurances of such support as shall be
service to the cause, than, after keeping a sufficient force to guard the passes of the Highlands, by throwing such a
power. Circumstances having varied much since I addressed them upon this subject, and being far removed myself from the rendezvous intended for this reinforcement when it was applied for, I have wrote to Major-General Heath to concert a plan with Major-General Lincoln, and to form with him such dispositions of the troops as they may
number over into Jersey as would cover the upper parts of that Province, and afford such support and assistance to the well-affected as would encourage them to join you, and keep the enemy within straiter bounds than they at present are.
body to
in their
judge necessary and the exigencies of affairs require. Their arrival I hope will be in due time, and be attended with many important and happy consequences. Were it not for them, in a few days, by reason of the impolicy and fatal system of short inlistments, there would scarcely remain the least shadow of an Army to check the operations of the
enemy. I should be
if
happy
there had been just grounds for the
report of the success of our arms at Hackensack, but things entirely the reverse. By the expiration of the service of the troops denominated Flying-Camp men and
have been
home on
the 1st instant, our force on this side which before that period was unequal to any successful opposition, was reduced to a mere handful. With this small number I have been pushed through Jersey by the main body of the enemy's Army, without receiving the least aid from the Militia, notwithstanding the earliest and most pressing solicitations, and for want of their assistance their return
Hudson's
river,
a large part of the State has been exposed to
all
the effects
of ravage and most wanton plunder. The Delaware now divides what remains of our little force from that of General
Howe, whose
object beyond
all
question
is
to
possess him-
self of Philadelphia. They have been industrious in their efforts to procure boats for their transportation, but the
pre-
cautions
1
have taken have hitherto rendered
unsuccessful.
the event
How
itself.
things will
As
yet
I
their attempts terminate I must leave to
have received but
little
or no
You may depend that the great end they have in view is, to spread themselves over as much country as they possibly can, and thereby strike a damp into the spirits of the people, which will effectually put a stop to the new inlistment of the Army, on which all our hopes depend, and which they will most vigorously strive to effect. To carry this plan into execution, they have already extended themselves as far westward as the Delaware; and if the whole of your Army continue on the east side of Hudson's river, they will have possession of all the country between that river and the Delaware, which includes the whole Province of Jersey and part of New-York. As soon as you find yourself in a situation to send a force into the upper parts of Jersey, 1
would have you immediately communicate your intentions
to
the people, with assurances that you will be ready to back and support them in any movements which they may make in I am certain that the defection of the peofavour.
your
has been as much owing to ple in the lower part of Jersey the want of an army to look the enemy in_the face, as to any other cause though, to be sure, neither cost nor pains ;
has been spared to influence thorn against us. Whatever steps you take in this affair, I would wish you to consult and cooperate with General Lincoln, of whose
judgment and abilities I entertain a very high opinion. I would just add, that your attention should likewise be paid to the country between Peeks Kill and Kingsbridge ; by affording some protection and countenance to them, you may draw supplies, and perhaps some men for the new
Army.
Particular attention should be paid to the bridge at
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1275
I enclose you a Crotnn's river, which secures your front. from General Lincoln, which please to forward to him
letter
wherever he may be. I am, dear sir, yours, &c.,
To
Go< WASHINOTOM
.
December, 1776.
DEAR SIR By a letter which I had this day the pleasure of receiving from the President of the Council of Massachusetts-Bay, I find that that State had, immediately upon my application, ordered a reinforcement of about six thou:
sand
Militia to the Continental
pointed you to the
Army, and Give me
command.
that they had apsir, to assure
leave,
that this appointment gives me the highest satisfaction, as the proofs you exhibited of your zeal for the service in the preceding part of this campaign, convinces me that the
you
could not have devolved upon a more deserving
command officer.
ernments should
If the particular circumstances of the Eastern Gov(who are threatened with an invasion themselves)
your proceeding on, you
permit
join General have given him is, to endeavour
will
Heath
I at Peekskill, with all expedition. directions how to dispose of your men, which
possible to cover and afford protection to the upper parts of the Jerseys, and to the Province of New-York below the Highlands. But I have desired him to consult and coif
operate with you in the steps necessary to carry this or any other plan into execution. I
To
am, dear
sir,
&c.,
GQ WASHINGTON
Major-General Lincoln, Massachusetts
1776.
1276
possible expedition, I think the game is pretty nearly up, owing, in a great measure, to the insidious arts of the enemy, and disaffection of the Colonies before mentioned,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL LINCOLN. 18. h
DECEMBER,
except those of Virginia, now reduced almost to nothing, and Smallwood's regiment of Mari/landers, equally as low, In a word, my dear will expire before the end of that time. sir, if every nerve is not strained to recruit the new Army with
Major-General Heath.
Head-Q.uarters, Bucks County,
&c.,
all
but principally to the ruinous policy of short inlistments, and placing too great a dependence on the Militia, the evil con-
sequences of which were foretold fifteen months ago, with a Before you receive this letter, you spirit almost prophetick. will undoubtedly have heard of the captivity of General Lee. This is an additional misfortune, and the more vexatious, as it was by his own folly and imprudence, and without a view to effect any good, that he was taken. As he went to lodge three miles out of his own camp, and within twenty of the enemy, a rascally Tory rode in the night to ive notice of it to the enemy, who sent a party of Light-Horse that seized him, and_ carried
him
off,
with every mark of triumph
and indignity.
You can
No
man,
form no idea of the perplexity of
my
situation.
believe, ever had a greater choice of difficulties, less means to extricate himself from them. However, I
and under a
full persuasion of the justice of our cause, 1 cannot entertain an idea that it will finally sink, though it may re-
main
for
My
some time under
a cloud.
love and sincere
regards attend my sister and the with compliments to all inquiring friends. With every sentiment of friendship, as well as love, I am your
family,
most affectionate brother.
.
Militia.
COLONEL HARRISON TO GENERAL HEATH. Head-Quarters,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO JOHN AUGUSTINE WASHINGTON. Camp, near
the Falls of Trenton, 18 December, 1776.
DEAR BROTHER: Owinz
to the
number of letters
I write,
the recollection of any particular one is effaced, but I think my last to you was from Hackinsac by Colonel Woodford. Since that time, and a little before, our affairs have taken an
adverse turn, but not more than was to be expected from the unfortunate measures which had been adopted for the estabThe retreat of the enemy from lishment of our Army.
White Plains
led
me
possible to oppose
which
I
sition in
farther,
North River with some of the
cross the
thousand
would turn their and induced rne to
to think that they
thoughts to the Jerseys, if not
them.
I
troops, in order if
expected to meet at
least five
men
of the Flying-Camp and Militia; instead of found less than half of that number, and no dispoThis being the inhabitants to afford the least aid.
perfectly well known to the enemy, they threw over a large body of troops, which pushed us from place to place, till we were obliged to cross the Delaware with less than three
men
fit
the fords, But, from
I
1
have, as yet, baffled
some
late
all
movements of
their attempts to cross. theirs, I
am
in
doubt
whether they are moving off for winter quarters, or making Since I came to this a feint to throw us off our guard. side, I have been joined by about two thousand of the city Militia, and I understand that some of the country Militia But we are in from the back Counties are on their way. a very disaffected part of the Province; and, between you and me, I think our affairs are in a very bad condition not so much from the apprehension of General Howe's Army, as from the defection of New- York, the Jerseys, and PennIn short, the conduct of the Jerseys has been sylvania. Instead of turning out to defend their most infamous. and affording aid to our Army, they are making country, submissions as fast as they can. If the Jerseys had given us any support, we might have made a stand at Hackinsac, and after that at Brunswic; but the few Militia that were in arms disbanded themselves, and left the poor remains of our Army to make the best we could of it. I have no doubt but General Howe will still make an at;
tempt upon Philadelphia this winter. I foresee nothing to oppose him a fortnight hence, as the time of all the troops,
18th, 1776.
brigade, and
for recruiting and other necessary services. of the Commissary or Quartermaster are not to be drawn from this sum. If Colonel Sheldon, who is appointed to raise a regiment of Cavalry, should stand in need of a further supply of money than he now has for that
The demands
purpose, you will furnish him with such as he may apply and the circumstances of your chest will allow you to
for
grant. I
am,
sir,
very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
ROB'T H. HARRISON.
To
the Hon. General Heath.
RICHARD DALLAM TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
for
removed to the south side of the river, I had all the boats and other vessels brought over, or destroyed, from Philadelphia upwards for seventy miles, and, by guarding Before
December
Colonel Sheldon you will receive one hundred and fifty-six thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars, which I am directed by his Excellency to inform you is for the payment of the troops left at Peekskill and the neighbourhood of it, including General Wadsworth's
duty, owing to the dissolution of our force by short inlistments; the enemy's numbers, from the best accounts, exceeding ten or twelve thousand men.
thousand
at Keith's,
DEAR GENERAL: By
[Read 26th.] Bucks County, Pennsylvania, New-Town, December 18th, 1776.
) \
SIR: Colonel Palfrey, the Paymaster-General, has joined the Army; and as the Flying-Camp will in a few days be discharged, my stay here will be but of little service, as the Militia may all be settled by the Paymaster-General therefore beg the favour of you to let me know what orders Congress have for me. If they have any thing in Maryland, it would be most agreeable, as my family is there though I shall, to render any material service to the States, give my domestick enjoyments up cheerfully. The situation of the Flying-Camp has been such that it ;
;
was impossible for the officers with regularity to draw pay for their men, which induced the General to draw several sums of money to be paid on account, which it was out of
my power
to settle with the officers at the time they
were
discharged, for then we were in the greatest confusion, and ever since I have been moving about, that 1 have not been able to do any thing; but I hope I shall have all for
ready
those that remain by the 1st January. Our scouts bring accounts that the enemy are retreating to Brunswick, and propose going into winter quarters, but I fear it's too are daily taking good news to be true. off some of the enemy's Light-Horse.
We
I beg your answer, and am, honourable most obedient,
sir,
your Honour's
RICHARD DALLAM, D. P. M.
Gcn'l.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1277
COLONEL HARCOORT TO ADMIRAL GEARY. in
Brunswick, New-Jersey,
SIR:
It is
with
America, December 18, 1776.
reluctance
infinite
I find
myself under the
very disagreeable necessity of communicating to you an event which must, I am persuaded, give you the utmost Cornet Geary having been ordered to advance concern. with a party some miles into the country to procure intelligence of the enemy's situation, was upon his return from party of the Rebels, who had upon by concealed themselves on each side of the road by which he a
that duty fired
Unfortunately a ball took place, proposed to have passed. which in one moment deprived you of a son, and the regiment of an officer, whose loss cannot be sufficiently lamented. I have only to add, that I am, with very sincere regard, your most obedient, humble servant,
WM. HARCOURT. RECOMMENDATION OF CAPTAIN PERRY.
To
General WASHINGTON, Comm.ande.r-inChiefofthe Forces of the UNITED COLONIES OF NORTHAMERICA: his Excellency
We, the subscribers, two of the Field Officers of the regiment late the Twenty-Eighth, would inform your Excellency that James Perry was a Captain in the same regiment; and although in the arrangement of officers for the present year he has been left out, it was not owing to any dislike we had
On
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1278
ceive express orders from General Washington, to whom I have desired to apply for further directions. I wish to afford
you every assistance
in
general good of the country. on this side the North river,
my power, consistent with the The movement of our Army I
to
apprehend
of the return of Leslie's brigade. I have gence of the arrival of part of the King's
be the leason
this
sack; that a considerable number are at Fort
intelli-
day
Hacken-
troops at
Lee and
that
neighbourhood, and a large detachment gone up the North River, besides Leslie's brigade, uho are said to have been this morning at Newark. My misfortune is to be in a country from which no intelligence can be relied on from the inhabitants. I have sent 'out scouts, which will return this night, and from whom I expect more certain accounts of the situation and numbers of the at Fort Lee, if
enemy
any
If I find no
there.
enemy
in that
Hack-
quarter, or at
be able to afford you some aid from the Continental troops of General Parsons's brigade, and the The number troops under General Clinton now with me. of the troops with me, and our particular intentions, may be shall
I
ensack,
explained more fully by the gentleman you entrusted with
As
intelligence is the greatest difficulty I part of the country, I wish you to establish a regular daily intelligencer from you to me, which will enable us to cooperate in any measures to defeat the intentions of
your express. find
in
this
our enemies. I shall wish to be informed as early to-morrow as possible, of the motions, number, and probable intentions of the enemy, as far as you have been able to ascertain them ;
the contrary, we look on him to be an officer of merit, and one who has behaved highly becoming the character of an officer; and should there be a vacancy,
and by the return of the express, I hope to be able to give you a more certain answer than at present is in my power. I am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant,
and your Excellency think proper to appoint him. we can recommend him, and think he will prove worthy the commission he may sustain.
Colonel Ford.
him personally.
to
W. HEATH.
PAUL DUDLEY SARGENT,
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL M DOUGALL. C
JON'A WILLIAMS AUSTIN.
Pyramus, 18th December, 1776.
DEAR
JONATHAN POLLARD TO PIERRE VAN CORTLANDT. Head-Quarters, Paramus, December 18th, 1776.
SIR
By order of Major-General Heath, I hereby send you a number of prisoners, four of which are prisoners of war, viz two soldiers, one Light-Horseman, and five sailors. The rest are State prisoners. The General sends them forward, knowing this not to be a proper place for them, and begs the care of your Convention towards them. :
:
1 have the pleasure, by his desire, to inform you of the success of our march, which has already been attended with some good consequences, as there has fallen into our hands a lar respect, your most obedient servant,
actual service, but
A
COMMISSARY HUGHES TO GENERAL HEATH. Wednesday morning,
Peekskill,
DEAR GENERAL: The off immediately
despatches
a rider just
come
19th
for
December, 1776.
Convention
in, as I
I
sent
received them;
by dusk last evening. Forty barrels of pork have been sent to Colonel Hays, three days ago, which is more than you have mentioned and as to rum, if I understand Mr. Paulding rightly, he does not intend to send any more, but let that be used
which was
at
;
which
is
taken there.
;
y
To
Hon. James Duane, Esq., and the other members of the Committee of Arrangement, Fishkill. the
A
day or two after you went away, sir, I went to NorthCastle, and procured a party of men and officers, whom I gave an impress warrant to, and sent them after teams, which has enabled the Commissary to get all his pork up, and considerable of other stores, many of which are now on Part of the pork for both garrisons went off yesthe road. but was obliged to put back on account of a squall. terday, This day the whole will set out, and if something does not be prevent, I intend to see it there, as no dependence can I ought to have told put on any thing but what is seen. you, sir, that one hogshead of rum was sent along with the forty barrels of pork.
Major Bradford passed through yesterday, and confirms the unfortunate account of General Lcc, whom I greatly I lament, but am not the least discouraged. sympathize with him as a person of the greatest sensibility, and over the enemy will exult with insolence.
whom
For Heaven's sake don't that
you have taken
;
but
any of those scoundrels them be well secured, and feel
release
let
the effects of their treachery.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON. Fishkill, 19th
December, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of the 17th instant being laid before the Convention, I am Directed to acquaint you that they approve of the measures you have adopted, and of the orders you have given to Colonel Allison for promoting the of the expedition under your command. utility and success They flatter themselves that the valuable ends which were proposed by this enterprise will be happily effectuated. Relying on your zeal and abilities, they do not think it necessary to give you any directions in addition to those with
which you are furnished. A retreat to the passes of the Highlands being secured, every thing else is left to your
An express is despatched to Colonel Allison prudence. with your orders. I am, with great respect, sir, your most obedient servant.
By Brigadier-General George Clinton.
order.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1301
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM GOUVERNEUR MORRIS TO HIS MOTHER, DATED FISHKILL, DECEMBER 19TH, 1776. It
inexpressible concern
witli
is
formed of the death of great loss; but
you
in
my
sister.
particular,
that
We
who
I
all
am
this
day
in-
sustain in her a
are thus bereft of the
VVould companion of your age, must feel it most severely. to God it were in my power to alleviate the pangs of a sorBut this is not my lot. My friend Wilkins rowing parent. will, I am sure, on this occasion, do the duties of a child and a (riend. There is one Comforter, who weighs our minutes and numbers out our days. It is He who has inflicted upon us the weight of publick and private calamities, and He best knows when to remove the burthen. I am it
is
not
is
it
sorry
to see you at I know present. were removed from publick affairs; as relates to my-own ease and enjoyments, 1 But I know it is the duty of every good citiin
my power
your wish that
indeed, as far
I
wish so too. zen or man to preserve that post in which, by a superiour VVhere the happiness of a considerable order, he is placed.
fcc.,
DECEMBER,
1302
1776.
assistance from that quarter, and none from the Militia nor will any of the men inlisted, or that still at inli-t Ticcwmay ;
deroga, be of any service, for the recruiting officers are obliged to promise them a month's furlough, which 1 have been under the necessity of countenancing, a general
by
whole deorder, to encourage the men to reengage. pendence must therefore be on troops from the Eastern States.
My
was in hopes that experience would have taught us not depend on the patriotism of our common men they left both armies last year at very critical moments, as soon as the time for which they were engaged was and expired that measures would have been taken in a more early day for inlisting troops. I urged it warmly in August, and pointed out a mode which would have succeeded in a very great measure, before the periodical American distemper I
to
took place. As soon as the with the home-sickness, and
first it
cold
felt,
is
we
are seized
increases with the severity of
the weather.
Although our chest
far
from being well replenished,
part of our fellow-creatures is deeply concerned, we soon feel the insignificancy of an individual. And whatever lot
yet I doubt not
that individual shall experience, while a conscious rectitude of conduct inspires and supports him, though he may be unfortunate, he cannot be miserable. What may be the event of the present war, it is not in man to determine. Great revolutions of eitipire are seldom achieved without much human calamity; but the worst which can happen, is to fall on the last bleak mountain of
you think it necessary to have the money, I will, whenever you request it, issue a warrant for the bounty of one regiment, and if more can be spared, it shall be sent. I am, sir, with great respect and esteem, your most obe-
America, and he who dies there, in defence of the injured rights of mankind, is happier than his conqueror, more beloved by mankind, more applauded by his own heart.
shall be able to discharge the bounties due for such troops as may come to this department. I have already given warrants for very considerable sums to
Colonels of the Massachusetts and
the
Whereas
the condition of the inhabitants of the
of JVestchester, exposed ciless
enemy, loudly
to the
calls
for
J.
last
J
and protection
:
And
whereas the main body of the enemy have penetrated, and are now employed in the western parts of the State of New- Jersey; and the operations of the troops under the command of Generals Heath -and George Clinton, in Orange and Bergen Counties, have diverted the enemy's forces, which were left at Fort Washington and New- York, to that quarter; and it being therefore conceived that an expedition
County of Westchester and the Island of New-York promises success, provided it can be conducted with secrecy, vigour, and despatch : Resolved, therefore, That General George Clinton, Gen-
into the
Mr. Dtter, Mr. Morris, and Mr. Landon, be, and they hereby are, authorized and directed to pursue all such ways and means as to them shall appear proper and necessary for carrying on such expedition, harassing and destroy-
PH. SCHUYLER.
TRUMBULL,
JUN.,
&tc.
TO GOVERNOUR THUMBULL. Albany, 19th December, 1776.
)
County
servant,
Hon. Jon'n Trumbull, Esq.,
HONOURED
ravages of a cruel and merassistance
humble
dient,
New-Hampshire
If
regiments.
RESOLUTION.OF NEW-YORK CONVENTION FOR A SECRET EXPEDITION. In Convention of the Representatives of the State of New- York, December 19th, 1776.
is
we
evening.
SIR: Yours per Mr. Babcock, came to hand The passing from here to Tyconderoga is so
being between ice and water,) that determined to return without attempting that I shall forward the letter to part of his route. Major Sedgwick as soon as possible. I fear also for the recruiting our Army ; and it seems General Howe is taking his opportunity, and pushing hard The Army must be recruited, or at this critical juncture. What do the peothe cause (humanly speaking) is gone.
exceeding
Babcock
difficult, (it
is
ple in Jersey
mean?
It
seems
their spirit falls
prostrate
If the southern spirit does not approach of danger. I feel maintain itself with dignity, Philadelphia must fall. at the
poor fellows who are now exposed to the inclemency with no other covering than the heavens. Recruiting, however, goes on very well here. Those officers for the
of
this season,
the Northern Army who knew their appointment on the new arrangement, and had recruiting orders, have been supThis has been the case with all plied with money here.
eral Scott,
in
ing the enemy, and protecting the persons and property of the good subjects of this State, and for securing the effects of all those who have fled to or joined the And
That State, it seems, took no notice of way, and neither sent them appointments or orders, for which reason they could have no right to take money, and did not apply. Our chest begins to run low it may, however, supply some yet, if the General gives
enemy.
purpose aforesaid, to levy and draw out such parts of the Militia of the Counties of Dutchess and Westchester as for the
they
may
manding
think necessary, and also to apply to the comofficer of the Continental Army for the aid of
Continental troops and every other assistance which the said
Committee
shall
judge expedient.
but Connecticut.
their officers this
;
orders.
At
present there there be any
Albany, December 19th, 1776.
SIR: Mr. Babcock delivered me your favour last night. I continue greatly distressed with the situation of our affairs to the northward. Every letter from thence advises me
no danger at
Ty and Independence;
nor
till
The enemy the latter end of that month. coming over the ice. To me it is only a may We ought, however, by all means to provide against be. It seems the enemy are determined to push such an event. The regiments who are now there are such whose hard. some of them not till April. times are the latest expired with loads
GENERAL SCHUYLER TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
is
the lakes are taken with ice, which will not be, according to their common course, until the middle of February, and then oftentimes not lo be trusted will
may
till
think of
Before the expiration of their times it is hoped the new remay be there. If the enemy do not come over the Our reports from the ice, they cannot be there till May. recruits are raised in this quarter for the bad enough. but all seem The of are this Southern various, regiments Army State, but not a single blanket, or substitute for one, is to ^ast accounts that we credit leave General Howe, with sevbe had and it will be impossible to send them across the enteen thousand, at Trenton, and General Washington on lakes without some kind of covering. Colonel E/tnore with the other shore of the Delaware, with too small a number of bis corps occupies tin; fortresses and posts on the Mohawk's men, Philadelphia in consternation, the Army reinforcing What shelter can they have? river, from whence I dare not move them. and determined to stand. Colonel Warner has got recruiting money, and his officers What can support them in this inclement season, without are employed in that service ; but I do not Providence is wise it has its designs. expect much beds or covering ? that the troops will leave it immediately after their term of inlistment is expired. Between two and three hundred
cruits
;
:
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1303
people would learn that wisdom, and suffer that which God intends. If I could see this to be the case my tears would vanish ; but we are as unteachable as the Jr.ws of old ; and until this temper is memorized, our distresses will continue. They will increase, our help will
I
wish
tlie
instruction
O
be delayed.
that
God would
heal our sins and reconcile
us to his pleasure! I am, with all respect, honoured
sir,
fectionate son,
.
J.
your rn 1
MI;I
r.i
and
dutiful
af-
Jun.
i.i.,
P. S. In the appointment of Regimental Paymaster, I cannot do justice to merit without mentioning Mr. Jonathan Burrcll, a gentleman who sustains an excellent char-
young
He has been emacter for probity, integrity, and ability. at Ty all the last season, and has Assistant ployed by my approved himself provided to serve
this
in
to great acceptance. him to be in
It will suit
for.
He
department.
Bnrrell, and has indeed
is
I
wish he
may be
some regiment likely nephew to Colonel
filled his station.
Hon. Governour Trumbull.
THADDEUS BURR TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Fairfield, 19th
THADDEUS BURR. LIEUTENANT HURLBUT TO COLONEL PARSONS. New-London, December
SIR: At your
charter of our company, lations
come
sent you a copy of the the most material rules and regu-
into by said company, and our proceedings
Captain Starr, viz Assembly of the Colony of Connecticut, in New-England, held at Hartford, on the second Thursday of May, A. D. 1762: Upon the Memorial of Gordon Saltonstall, of New-London, \n the County of New-London, and others, inhabitants of the said town of New-London, representing said town of
At
:
a General
New-London as being much exposed to the enemy in the time of war; that for the attainment of military skill a number of the inhabitants of said tosvn had voluntarily formed themselves into an Artillery Company ; that the First and Second Companies in said town, out of which said Artillery
Company
is
panies, and
enough for three comcompanies by certain lines would
chiefly formed, are large to divide said
not so fully promote military
skill
1304
That said company meet annually at surh times and That the first places a? shall be hereafter agreed upon. Monday in June, annually, be the day of election for offiThat such cers, which officers shall continue for one year.
law.
other and further regulations as said company think proper to be added for the better attaining the aforesaid ends, shall
be made by the vole of the major part of said company. Whereupon, in July, 1762, voted, that for the lime to come no member of the company be dismissed from said company, unless he apply to the commissioned officers at the head of said company, and by a vote of the major part of said company. Several unworthy members refusing to do duty in said company, and likewise refusing to apply for dismission, and poverty screening them from the fines and forfeitures, making impossible to collect them, and not wanting the trouble of them, and that the Militia might take charge of them; and the former rules not giving us the power we wanted, we voted to come into the following regulation: "That for the future tliis company have a right to dismiss any person from it
being a member ol said company by a vote of the majority of said company, and without their application." shall now proceed to state the matters relating to You may remember, on the first appearance Captain Starr. of the fleet, you sent Captain Starr orders to call his com-
pany together immediately, and in what order they were in, and hold themselves in readiness to oppose the enemy, if (as was then expected) they attempted to land, which in we must say he complied with, and justice to Captain Starr dismissed us to appear at a moment's warning, (most of us On a further alarm we appeared, as living in the street.) ordered, but Captain Starr being dilatory and backward in taking charge of his company, a few of us undertook to talk with him, when he declared his sentiments to be, what will be hereafter shown you. Whereupon the company was warned to appear a few days after to examine Captain Starr.
When
19th, 1776.
we have
relative to
1776.
We
December, 1776.
SIR: Agreeable to the directions given by your Honour and your Council of Safety, the Authority and Selectmen of this town met, and made choice of the bearer hereof, Mr. Isaac Burr, Lieutenant of the battery at Graver's Hill Point ; and he now waits upon your Honour for his comThe Authority and Selectmen have mission and directions. men that this State will furnish the and officers encouraged them with fuel. I am, with due respect, sir, your friend and humble servant,
desire
DECEMBER,
tic.,
as the memorialists pro-
be made and pose: Praying that said Artillery Company established, according to the regulations and articles of agreement concluded upon by them and presented to this Assembly, into a separate and independent company It is enacted and ordered, That said Artillery Company be established, to be, and it is hereby made, a separate independent company, subjected to, and under the regulations of the Third Regiment, as the other companies are by law
lickly,
met, Captain Starr being called upon, declared pubwhat he before had done in private, viz: That he
never would take up arms in support of independency that at the time he was choosed, independency was not declared, or he would not have accepted the office that he thought us aggrieved by the acts of Parliament, and would have To give you an account fought in defence of our liberties. of any more of his principles, and the long disputes they consequently led us into, would be needless. Whereupon the company, taking the matter into their consideration, were unanimously of opinion, that Captain Starr, by his late conduct and the confession of his principles this day, has made himself unworthy of being a member of said company therefore voted, nemine contradicente, that Captain Starr be immediately dismissed from said company. Now, as it has been hinted to us that there is a design on foot of disannulling our charter, we must beg, if that is the case, to have an opportunity of defending ourselves, as we think we have in no one instance forfeited it, and we think charters ought to be esteemed sacred unless forfeited by misconduct. We are, sir, in behalf of the company, yours, ;
;
;
GEORGE B. HURLBUT, Lieutenant. SILAS CHURCH, Jun., Ensign.
:
Per order: Colonel
J.
Marsfd
HALLAM,
Clerk.
Parsons.
;
and that said company during their continuance, according to the regulations and articles of agreement concluded by them as aforesaid, shall be, and they are hereby, exempted from doing duty in other companies to which they belonged before their inlistmcnt into said Artillery Company, provided that said inlistment shall not at any time exceed sixty-four
men, including officers; and that neither of said military companies be reduced by such inlistment into said Artillery Company to a less number than sixty-four men, exclusive of officers.
J.
Copied by
A
true copy.
The
HALLAM,
Clerk.
Examined by GEORGE WYLLYS,
most material
articles, as follows
That no person he admitted
the major part of the votes of said
gence, viz : That the Alfred man-of-war, with the sloop Providence, sailed from Rhode-Island, 2d December, on a private dition.
expemerchant ship from Liverpool, transport laden with clothing for Canada, off
She took
a valuable
and a fine Louisbour ; she took also a snow laden with fish off Cape North, and was then parted from the Providence, in a light the Alfred then proceeded off gale of wind Canso, and ;
Sec'y.
:
into said
Worcester, Massachusetts, December 19, 1776.
By a gentleman of distinction who passed through this town last evening, we have the following articles of intelli-
company but by That said
company.
company have all officers proper and necessary for a Captain's company, and that the clerk be sworn according to
burnt a large transport with provisions that had got aground in that harbour; she then proceeded off Louisbourg, and took three ships that were then under convoy of the Flora frigate; she also took a ship of ten guns from England for Halifax. She now proceeded, with her prizes under convoy, to the westward, and being chased by a large ship on the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1305 east side of S(.
and on the 9ih sail in
Road
Georges Bank, she sent her prizes ahead, December got clear of the enemy by carrying
a severe gale of wind, and arrived safe in Nantosket on the 16th December, having on board no more than
prisoners,
She brought in one hundred and fifty provision. and carried out only one hundred and forty men
when she
left
two days'
Rliode-Islnnd.
Among
the prisoners are the
Chief Justice of the Province of Canada, a Lieutenant of the Thirty -Third Regiment, and a Lieutenant of the Navy. In the above-mentioned, bound for Canada, transport
six thousand suits of clothes, with a great variety of other articles well adapted to the demands of the American Army.
were taken
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1306
1776.
ENGLISH ORDER IN COUNCIL.
At the Court at St. James's, the 2()th day of December, 1776 Present, the King's Most Excellent Majesty in Coun:
cil.
Whereas his Majesty was graciously pleased, by his Royal Proclamation, bearing date the twenty-fifth day of October promise and declare that the bounties of five pounds every able seaman, and of two pounds ten shillings for every ordinary seaman fit for his Majesty's service, should be paid in the manner thereby directed, to every such able and ordinary seaman, not above the age of fifty, nor under the age of eighteen years, who should, on or before the
last, to
for
then following, enter themselves to thirty-first of December in his Royal Navy, either with the Captains Majesty's
serve
NATHANIEL CARTER TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR. Newburyport, December
19, 1776.
SIR: Yours of 3d carne to hand 6th instant. The furs a person prorequested were the same day inspected by vided by Messrs. Jackson, Tracy &/ Tracy, and delivered them, with a bill at the prices you proposed, viz: what they gave for parcels they bought in Boston, copy of which will
be delivered you by my son, the bearer. The amount 145 lls. Sd., you'll please to pay him, as I have being directed him to pay it to the State Treasurer. It's probable in that way be easily negotiated. This compliance was greatly repugnant to my views and interest, but your request in its connections has irresistible
it
may
considerations that could not be rejected. I have fully noticed that you are now well convinced of
my strong attachment to my country I am your humble servant,
in its
present dispute.
J\ATH. CARTER.
Hon. J. Warren, President of the Board of War.
Newburyport, Massachusetts, December
men
for the service
19, 1776.
truth of the following extraordinary affair relied on, viz:
the
may be
who have some
time since arrived
in this
Five days
the sloop behind, departed. frigate, leaving hours after, in the night, seventeen of
About
forty-
Captain Eda's determined to take the sloop; they accordingly went and boarded her. Sergeant on board, who was made the affair by the watch, ordered them to with acquainted
eight
men
A
but upon being told by Captain Eda's men, if they did they should all be put to the sword, they thought proper to desist, and accordingly resigned themselves and vessel (the
fire
;
cargo of which was valued at Halifax, at five thousand pounds sterling) into the hands of the brave Americans. The next morning, the Captain of the aforesaid sloop, a Doctor and Chaplain, (not knowing what had happened,) came on board, and, in a short time after, fifteen men in a the vessel, then seven in a two-mast yawl, in order to unload boat, all which are taken proper care of, and are, together with the sloop, which is laden with beef, pork, flour, peas, candles, blankets, iron, steel, nails, &.c., &tc., &ic., brought into a safe port. It is supposed that by this time Captain Eda, with the
remainder of
his
men,
is
in possession
of Fort Cumberland.
New-Hampshire, Exeter, December
19, 1776.
SIR: I received your letter of the 13th instant, and laid the same before our General Assembly at their first meeting this day; in consequence of which, a Committee is appointed to repair immediately to Providence, and there tn act in conwith the Committees from the other junction New-England States, on such matters as may be by them thought necessary for the defence of your State. I am, sir, with all due respect, your
humble
M. WEARE, Governour Cooke.
his
the manner thereby directed, to any person who should discover any seaman or seamen who might secrete themselves, that so such seaman or seamen should be taken for his of his Majesty's sea officers Majesty's said service by any
employed for raising men on or before the said thirty-first time limday of this instant, December: And whereas the ited by the said proclamations for payment of the said bounty and rewards is near expiring, and it being judged expedient that the said bounties and rewards Majesty's service should be continued to be paid for some time longer, his dotli thereMajesty, with the advice of his Privy Council, fore order, and it is hereby accordingly ordered, that the for his
Whereof all persons concerned are and govern themselves accordingly.
next inclusive. notice,
to take
SAMUEL CURWEN TO GEORGE RUSSELL. Exeter, England, December 20, 1776.
DEAR
SIR:
have delayed answering you
I
servant,
President.
this time,
till
from an hourly expectation of hearing some important advices from New- York; but in this I have been hitherto far advanced to expect the British forces, and the by any Americans, you know, have formed no active plan of operation by land, confining their views of activity to the depre-
mistaken, the season
having too
military achievements
As to a treaty, 1 am without datory naval department. the smallest hopes of its taking place at present; the Americans do not despair of maintaining their independence, and the Court, I am told, has not given up its view of laying America at its feet, for such is and has been the Court lanto force her to submit to the unconguage, and the intention however, should General ditional authority of Parliament out of his intrenchments, it would be beaten be Washington but one advantage out of a score that must be gained to make them "lower their top-sails." The Americans are ;
not without resources, whatever subject
in
Among
may be
England. others, France and Spain are no
resentment as well
as political
thought on that idle lookers-on
reasons influence
them
;
to
neck of our Court, which shall keep the trammels on the the pride of Great Britain, perhaps effectually humble or at best reduce her to a state destroy her independence, of as little importance in the grand political balance as Porand that is the general opiaion or Genoa now does
tugal
MESHECH WEARK TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. State of
And whereas
STEPH. COTTRELL.
after taking the aforesaid party, as they were lying in ambush near the fort, they discovered a frigate and a sloop, both which went up as far as the fort, and the
place.
:
his
seventy men, who, about two months
witli
fort,
Navy
likewise' pleased,
thirty
since, left St. John's in order to take Fort Cumberland, seven days after his departure, took a scouting party of twelve
men from
of the Royal
Royal Proclamation by of November the date last, to promise day eighth bearing and declare that a reward of two pounds for every able, and should be paid in shillings for every ordinary seaman, Majesty was
time limited for payment of the said bounties and rewards be prolonged and extended from the said thirty-first day of this instant, December, to the twenty-eighth day of February
The
Captain Eda,
or Lieutenants of his Majesty's ships, or the chief oflicers on board such tenders as should he employed for raising
;
As to the the opinion elsewhere. here, whatever may be from we know our of Court, of the impolicy history objects sometimes disrethat statesmen, to gain a present purpose, the true interests and honour of the nation a*id all gard
distant consequences.
The King
of Spain
is
England's
the Court owes this country a grwlge for last war; her success against her commerce and garrisons her open nor does France love her better; and ever since in the beCourt that of views ambitious to the opposition who aimed at universal XlVth's Louis of reign, ginning has looked on her rising greatness with a jealous, empire^, It is no proof of want of bravery not to say envious eye.
avowed enemy
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1307 in
the Americans not to face the regulars
many good
:
rea-
may be assigned to justify their conduct; and though it be the ground of much reproach here, 1 see in it the effect that little dependence can be placed of sound judgment on newly-raised troops is well known the world over. On account of the amazing expense with which Great Britain carries on a land war in America, unless she can command
sons
the troops of Europe and the wealth of the Indies, men and money must in a few campaigns be wanting. With regard to the insidious offers made to America, as the warm partisans against the Court call them, I pretend not to such acquaintance with Court measures to determine about it; if they be so, the greater is the pity. They may, however, if that should be the case, be taken in the snares laid for others; and if good be derived from evil, thanks to an over-ruling Providence, who sometimes makes itself subservient to the That more treasure must be conhappiness of society. sumed and more blood spilled before tliis impolitick, destructive, and fatal war is ended, will, 1 trust, not prove a truth.
melancholy
The
accounts of the burning of the city of New-York in the Gazette, are full, explicit, and intelligible; more than
one fourth
is
destroyed, beginning at the fort and
all
along
Broadway, taking in the College, &tc. and that it was A Mr. Smith, fired by some Northern man is undoubted. son of a clergyman of Weymouth, in Massachusetts-Bay, whom and whose family I knew very well, was concerned, the
;
taken, and I believe executed on due proof. S. I remain, truly yours,
CUHWEN.
To
Russell, at Moseley
Green, near
THOMAS JOHNSON,
JUN.,
Mr. George Birmingham.
Wake
TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Frederick-Town, 20th December, 1776.
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
save a good
many
do hurry them of
1776.
poor fellows.
to this place or
1308 you can spare any,
If
Taney-Town, and advise us
it.
took the freedom to mention my sentiment, that if General licalfs commission had not expired, it would not do to give him the command of the Militia. The prejudice is so strong against him, that many of the officers say they will not go under him. As I hear this sentiment so general I think it to mention it to you. 1 wish to be my duty ascertained whether I am to go or not. I am heartily willI
ing to exert myself in the military line, possibly gain to the service. I
The
if
you think
it
may
am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, TH. JOHNSON, Jun. honourable Council of Safety of Maryland.
BENJAMIN RUSH TO RICHARD HKNRV LEE. Philadelphia,
MY
DEAR SIR: An
officer, (a
December
German by
20, 1776.
birth,)
who
has
Russia and Hanover several campaigns, called upon me a few hours ago, and after producing certificates, &.C., that he now holds a Captain's commission under the served
in
Empress of Russia, gave me the confidence.
He
says that he
is
following information in personally acquainted with
of the Hessian officers and privates now in Howe's that, as they serve for pay only, he thinks the bounty, pay, and clothing offered by Congress, so much above what they now enjoy, that if they were properly tendered to them they svould serve us with more cheerfulness than the King He offers to go in person into Howe's of Great Britain. of at the risk his life, and is sanguine Army, enough to think
many Army
;
he could immediately bring off two hundred recruits with He demands Continental money only to pay the him. bounties; if he fails, he will return the money; he very
GENTLEMEN: Some time ago the Committee of this County formed James Wells, IVilliam Reggies, Henry Stevenson, Lu-
to taking gold or silver, as it might be useful justly objected I submit these hints to to them in Howe's camp. your
Henry Butler, Basil Dorsey, William BresDavid Moore's companies into a battalion, and recommended Upton Sheredine Colonel, David Steiner Lieutenant-Colonel, David Moore 1st Major, Ephraim
I am bound to inform you, that the Captain (who, from his certificates, is a Baron) appears very modest, and possesses the manners and address of a gentleman. He added, in the course of our conversation, that we had many warm friends in Russia, and that a majority of that nation
cian Merediths, sledan, and
Howard 2d It
Major, and Charles Warfield Quartermaster. here that the recommendation was sent to the
said
is
Council of Safety, and is lost. Afterwards, as it is said, and on the countenance of some of the Committee, and after a very general agreement on time and place, and two or three weeks intervening, (most of the officers and some of the men, though from what I understand not a majority of the privates,) met and voted for Field Officers to be
recommended, who were recommended according to the vote: James Wells Colonel, David Moore LieutenantColonel, Ephraim Howard 1st Major, Joseph Wells 2d This recomMajor, and Henry Stevenson Quartermaster. mendation was forwarded to Mr. Sheredine, in the time of the last Convention, but he says on receiving a letter from
who was present and did not vote, suggesting the election was not fair, he did not get any order for I see neither set of Field Officers will the commissions. Captain Moore,
entirely please the battalion, and yet if Field Officers are not appointed to that battalion, 1 fear little may be ex-
pected from
it.
I
diately sent me. of James Wells's
wish, therefore, commissions were immeWilliam Winchester is First Lieutenant
company. Ephraim Howard is First and Upton Sheredine Second Lieutenants, of David Moore's Charles Stevenson is First Lieutenant of company. Henry David Steiner is an infirm man, Stevenson's company. and though enrolled, never musters, so that there can be no use in appointing him a Field Officer. 1 am told that Field Officers were some time ago recomanended for the upper battalion of all, Lemuel Barnett, The rest 1 either did not hear, or have forgot, Colonel. but I understand the commissions have not come up. If the recommendation is before you and not very exceptionWhat able, I would wish the commissions were sent up. few people may on any occasion be got from that quarter, will tell for so ii-3d.
away. from
tlie
many
at least.
have had no opportunity of sending the above This afternoon the Committee received money None have yet marched, but are Congress. 1
busy in .preparing. stockings, tents, or
very
If
you
blankets,
.can
possibly supply especially the last,
shoes, it
may
consideration.
expressed a dislike at the thoughts of being employed to He thinks there is no probability of any fight against us. from that quarter next summer. If being procured troops
you think the above scheme practicable, please mention it in Congress. I am at a loss what to advise in the affair; at any rate, communicate your opinion, or the determination of Congress, to Mr. Philip Bochm, in Philadelphia, who will communicate it to the Baron. If he is encouraged, he will wait upon Congress, and receive his instructions from them. We are much blamed by the Whigs, and ridiculed by the Tories, for leaving Philadelphia so suddenly. back Counties near Philadelphia are in motion.
All the
Several
hundreds of the Militia join General Washington daily; I you to Mr. Samuel Purviance for particulars. 1 have a thousand things to say to you. Vigour, firmness, and decisive measures, are more necessary than ever. Dispute Comless, and do more, in Congress, or we are undone. pliments to your brother, and the worthy members of the weekly club. I am on my way to Bristol, being summoned to attend the Philadelphia Militia for a few weeks. Yours sincerely, refer
BENJAMIN RUSH.
P. S. I need not suggest the necessity of secrecy, Baron's scheme is adopted.
if
the
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read December
24.] In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
SIR: sity
December 20th, 1776.
The
Council of Safety is under an absolute necesof expending large sums of money daily, or of
totally
The demand of the Militia deserting the publick cause. now arriving in considerable numbers; the recruiting service, which goes on successfully; the purchasing of clothing for the troops, and many other unavoidable expenses"
arising from the exigencies of our affairs,
have nearly ex-
hausted our Treasury, and we have no resource but a loan from Congress. therefore most entreat
We
earnestly
you
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1309
to apply to that honourable body for two hundred thousand dollars, to be immediately transmitted to us by the bearer, Captain Casdrop, who we send to conduct them up. are informed by Mr. Eswick, Wagonmaster, that several We therefore reContinental wagons are at Baltimore. them for the purpose one of will order to quest you please of conveying the money, and afford Captain Casdrop a
We
guard of men
By
to protect
order of Council.
greatest respect,
sir,
it.
I
Army
the business and the necessity of
To
to be, with the
your obedient servant,
sick of the Continental
complains
Jun., President.
has greatly increased
money, which
this
Board
ADDRESS OF MEETING OF SUFFERINGS OF THE QUAKERS. To our Friends and Brethren in religious profession, in these and the adjacent Provinces.
DEARLY BELOVED FRIENDS AND BRETHREN
:
Our minds
being renewedly impressed with a fervent religious concern for your spiritual welfare, and preservation in the love and fellowship of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Prince of Peace, by the constrainings of his love, we are engaged to salute you in this time of deep exercise, affliction, and diffi-
earnestly desiring that we may, by steady circumspecand care in every part of our conduct and conversation, evidence that under the close trials which are and may be permitted to attend us, our faith and reliance is fixed on Him alone for protection and deliverance, remembering His gra;
tion
" cious promise to his faithful followers, Lo, I arn with you of the even unto the end world." alway, (Matt, xxviii, 20.)
And "as
whom make
whom
became him for are all things, and by things, in bringing many sons unto glory, to the Captain of their salvation perfect through sufferare
it
all
ings," (Heb. ii, 10,) let us not be dismayed, if we are now led in the same path. As we keep in the Lord's power and peaceable truth,
which is over all, and therein seek the good of all, neither outward sufferings, persecutions, nor any outward thing that below, will hinder or break our heavenly fellowship in the light and spirit of Christ. (G. Fox's Epistle, 1685.) is
Thus we may, with
Christian
fortitude
of compelling others, either in person or by other assistance, to join in carrying on war, and in prescribing modes of determining concerning our religious principles, by imposing tests not warranted by the precepts of Christ, or the laws of the happy Constitution under which we and others long enjoyed tranquillity and peace. We, therefore, in the aboundings of that love which wisheth the spiritual and temporal prosperity of all men, exhort, admonish, and caution, all who make religious profession with us, and especially our beloved youth, to stand fast in that liberty wherewith, through the manifold sufferings of our predecessors, we have been favoured, and steadily to bear our testimony against every attempt to deprive us of it. And, dear friends, you who have known the truth, and the powerful operations thereof in your minds, adhere faiththereto,
and by your good examples and
stability,
labour to strengthen the weak, confirm the wavering, and warn and caution the unwary against being beguiled by the snares of the adversaries of truth and righteousness. Let not the fear of suffering, either in person or property, prevail on any to join with or promote any work or preparation for
war.
Our profession and principles are founded on that spirit which is contrary to, and will in time put an end to all wars, and bring in everlasting righteousness and by our constantly abiding under the direction and instruction of that spirit, we may be endued with that "wisdom from above, which is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without ;
That
this
hypocrisy." (James 17.) may experience is our fervent desire and prayer. Signed, in and on behalf of the meeting iii,
be our happy for Sufferings
Philadelphia, for Pennsylvania and NewJersey, the 20th day of the 12th month, 1776. held
TON. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
SIR: Council
The
December
necessities of our troops
pressing
20, 1776.
induce the
to send persons round the city of Philadelphia to blankets and stockings for their use, with authority to take them when refused, paying a reasonable price for
demand
Should your Excellency approve of the measure, to you to send out detachments it of and Philadelphia, and take Bucks the Counties through blankets, stockings, and such other necessaries as the inhabitants can spare, on the same terms. By these means many articles of immediate necessity may doubtless be procured
we would recommend
the neighbourhood of the
in
JOHN PEMBEBTON,
Clerk.
Army, without
distressing the
inhabitants in the least.
The
Militia
difficult to find
comes in very them in arms.
whether there are any
at
and the Council find it would be glad to know camp which they can be furnished fast,
We
with.
We
have the pleasure to inform your Excellency that a sloop is arrived at Chester, with upwards of nine hundred stand of arms, and a large quantity of blankets and other shall apply to the woolens, on account of Congress.
We
Committee of Congress in this city to have the clothing forwarded to Head-Quarters immediately. At the request of Congress for a number of wagons to remove the publick stores, and at a time when the inhabitants of the city were distressed for the want of means to remove their families, this Board gave a general invitation wagons to come in from the country; in consequence whereof many more attend at present than can be immediYour Excellency will be pleased to let ately employed. us know whether wagons are wanted for the use of the Army at present, and what number, that so many may be retained as are necessary, and the rest discharged. By order of the Council. I have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, your Excellency's most obedient servant, OWEN BIDDLE, Chairman. for
To
Excellency General Washington.
his
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [
Camp
and firmness,
withstand and refuse to submit to the arbitrary injunctions and ordinances of men, who assume to themselves the power
fully
1310
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO GENERAL WASHING-
in
of.
the Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of Congress.
culty
1776.
the same.
have the honour
THOS. WHARTON,
The
DECEMBER,
&c.,
Read
26th.]
above Trenton Falls, December 20th, 1776.
SIR: I have waited with much impatience to know the determinations of Congress on the propositions made some time in October last, for augmenting our corps of Artillery and establishing a corps of Engineers. The time is now
come when
the first cannot be delayed without the greatest the safety of these States, and therefore, under the injury to resolution of Congress, bearing date the 12th instant, at the
repeated instance of Colonel Knox, and by the pressing advice of all the General Officers now here, I have ventured to order three battalions of Artillery to be immediately re-
These are two less than Colonel Knox recommends, by his plan enclosed but then this scheme you comprehends all the United States, whereas some of the cruited.
will see
as
;
States have a corps already established, and these three battalions are indispensably necessary for the operations in this
the Northern quarter, including
The pay
Department.
bearing no proportion with that in the English or French service, the murmurings and dissatisfaction thereby occasioned, and the absolute imposas I am told, of getting them upon the old terms, and
of our
Artillerists
sibility,
the unavoidable necessity of obtaining them at
men
all
events,
me
to promise officers and (also by advice) that their pay should be augmented twenty-five per
have induced
become null and void. cent., or that their engagements shall This may appear to Congress premature and unwarrantable; in the light it strikes their they view our situation of the utility of the measure, be convinced will they and that the execution could not be delayed till after their In short, the present exigency of meeting at Baltimore. our affairs will not admit of delay, either in council or the
but,
sir, if
officers,
field; for
well convinced 1 am, that if the enemy go into a short season ; but 1 rather all, it will he for
at
quarters think the design of General Howe is to possess himself of this winter if possible, and in truth, I do not
Philadelphia
see
what
is
days more will put an end That one great point is to
to prevent him, as ten
to the existence of our
Army.
keep us as much harassed
as possible, with a view to injure
'
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1311
the recruiting service, anil hinder a collection of stores and other necessaries for the next campaign, 1 am as clear in as 1
am
of
my
If, therefore, \ve have to provide in and make these great and arduous prep-
existence.
this short interval,
arations, every matter that in its nature is self-evident be referred to Congress, at the distance of one hundred thirty or forty miles, so much as to defeat the end in view.
is
to
and
time must necessarily elapse
It may be said that this is an application for powers that I can only add, that are too dangerous to be entrusted. and with truth diseases remedies; desperate require desperate declare, that 1 have no lust after power, but wish with as
much
fervency as any
man upon
this
wide-extended Con-
tinent for an opportunity of turning the sword into a ploughbut my feelings as an officer and a man have been share ;
such as to force me to say, that no person ever had a greater It is choice of difficulties to contend with than I have. needless to add. that short inlistments, and a mistaken dependence upon Militia, have been the origin of all our misfortunes, and the great accumulation of our debt.
We
find, sir, that the
rolling, will
check
may
enemy
increase, unless
effectually
possibly do
are daily gathering strength like a snow-ball by
This strength,
from the disaffected.
some means can be devised
to
Militia progress of the enemy's arms. for a little while; but in a little while
tlie it
of those States which have been frequently called upon, will not turn out at all; or if they do, it will be with so much reluctance and sloth as to amount to the same thing. Instance New-Jersey ; witness Pennsylvania. Could any thing but the river Delaware have saved Philadelphia ? also, the Militia
Can any tify it)
thing (the exigency of the case, indeed, may jusbe more destructive to the recruiting service than
Mihow, go, you- cannot tell where, consume your and leave you at last at a
giving ten dollars bounty for six weeks' service of the litia,
tell
who come
when, and
in,
act,
provisions, exhaust critical
you cannot you cannot your
stores,
tell
moment ?
These, sir, are the men I am to depend upon ten days hence; this is the basis on which your cause will and must forever depend, till you get a large standing army sufficient of itself to oppose the enemy. 1 therefore beg leave to give it as my humble opinion, the eighty-eight battalions are by no means equal to the opposition you are to make, and that a moment's time is not to be lost in raising a greater number, not less, in my opinion, and the opinion of my officers, than one hundred and ten. It may be urged, that it will be found difficult enough to complete the first number. This may be true, and yet the officers of one hundred and ten battalions will recruit many more men than those of eighty-
In my judgment, this is not a time to stand upon expense; our funds are [not] the only objects of consideration. The State of New-York have added one (I wish they had eight.
made
it
two) battalions
to their quota.
If any good officers
men upon
Continental pay and establishment encourage them to do so, and regiment them when they have done it. If Congress disapprove offer to raise in this
quarter,
1
shall
of the proceeding, they will please to signify
it,
as
I
mean
it
for the best.
be thought
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1312
been 'conducted in a most shameful and injurious manner. We have had them from all quarters pushed into our camps at the most critical junctures, and without the least previous notice. We have had them traveling through the different States, in
all
directions,
by
certificates
from Committees,
without any kind of control and have had instances of some going into the enemy's camp without my privily or knowlThere edge, after passing in the manner before mentioned. ;
may
be other officers necessary, which I don't recollect at when thought of, must be provided;
time, and which,
this
for this, sir,
you may
rely on, that
the
commanding
officer,
under the present establishment, is obliged to attend to the business of so many different departments, as to render it impossible to conduct that of his own with the attention necessary; than which nothing can be more injurious. In a former letter I intimated my opinion of the necessity of having a Brigadier for every three regiments, and a MajorGeneral to every three brigades, at most. I think no time is to be lost in making the appointments, that the arrangements may be consequent. This will not only aid the
recruiting service, but will be the readiest
means of forming
and disciplining the Army afterwards, which in the short I have time we have lo do it is of amazing consequence. laboured, ever since I have been in the service, to discourage all kinds of local attachments and distinctions of country, denominating the whole by the greater name of American; but 1 found it impossible to overcome prejudices; and under the
new in
establishment, I conceive it best to stir up an emulation; order to do which, would it not be better for each State
though not to appoint, their own Brigadiers? to be part of the establishment, might preThis, vent a good deal of contention and jealousy; and would, I believe, be the means of promotions going forward with more satisfaction, and quiet the higher officers. Whilst I am speaking of promotions, I cannot help giving it as my opinion, that, if Congress thinks proper to confirm what I have done with respect to the corps of Artillery, that Colonel Knox, at present at the head of that department,
to
furnish, if
known
will resign,) ought to be ap(hut who, without promotion, with the rank and pay of pointed to the command of it, I have also to mention, that for want of some, Brigadier. establishment in the department of Engineers, agreeable to
the plan laid before Congress in October last, Colonel Putnam, who was at the head of it, has quitted, and taken a
regiment
in
the Slate of Massachusetts.
I
know
of no other
man
tolerably well qualified for the conducting of that busiNone of the French gentlemen, whom I have seen ness.
with appointments in that way, appear to me to know any There is one in Philadelphia, who, thing of the matter. 1 must I am told, is clever; but him I have never seen. also once more beg leave to mention to Congress the expe-
diency of letting promotions be
in a
regimental
line.
The
want of this has already driven some of the best officers that were in your Army, out of the service. From repeated and strict inquiry, 1 am convinced you can adopt no mode of promotion that will be better received, or that will give more general satisfaction. I wish, therefore, to have it an-
nounced.
am
going a good deal out of the line of my duty to adopt these measures, or to advise thus freely. A character to lose, an estate to forfeit, the inestimable blessing of liberty at stake, and a life devoted, must be my excuse.
The casting of cannon is a matter that ought not to be one moment delayed; and, therefore, I shall send Colonel Knox to put this in a train, as also to have travelling-carriages and shot provided. Elaboratories to be established, one in Hartford, and another in York. Magazines of provisions
I have heard nothing of the Light-Horse from Virginia, nor the regiment from the Eastern Shore. I wish to know
should also be laid
It
may
I
what troops are to act in the different departments, and to have those from the southward designed for this place ordered on as fast as they shall be raised. The route should be pointed out by which they are to march; assistant Commissaries and Quartermasters upon the communication to supply their wants; the first or second officer of each battalion to forward them, and the other to come on, receive, and form them at their place of destination. Unless this is
immediately set about, the campaign, if it should be closed, will be opened in the spring, before we have any men in the field. Every exertion should be used to procure tents. A Clothier-General should be appointed without loss of lime for supplying the Army with every article in that way he should be a man of business and abilities. A Commissary of Prisoners must be appointed to attend the Army for want of an officer of this kind, the has exchange of ;
;
prisoners
As our
in.
These
I
shall fix with the
Commis-
year proceeded from a want of sary. teams, I shall direct the Quartermaster-General to furnish a certain number to each regiment to answer the common purposes thereof, that the Army may be enabled to remove from place to place differently from what we have done, or could do,
this
great loss last
campaign.
Ammunition
carts,
and proper
carts for intrenching tools, should also be provided; and I shall direct about them accordingly. Above all, a store of
small-arms should be provided, or men will be of little use. The consumption and waste of these, this year, have been great; Militia, Flying-Camp men, &c., coming in without, were obliged to be furnished, or become useless. Many of these threw their arms away, some lost them, whilst others deserted, and took them away. In a word, although I used every precaution to preserve them, the loss has been great and this will forever be the case, in such a mixed and irregular army as ours has been. ;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1313
If no part of the troops already embarked at New-York V has appeared in Virginia, their destination doubtless must be to some other quarter; and that State must, I should can be think, be freed from any invasion, if General Howe I therefore, enclose a memoin this. '
.
.
.
iii
.
opposed randum, given me by Brigadier Stephen, of Virginia, which Congress will please to adopt in the whole, in pan, or reject, as may be consistent with their plans and intelligence. That division of the Army late under the command of effectually
General Lee, now General Sullivan, is just upon the point A strange kind of fatality has attended it. of joining us. orders on the 17th of November to join, now more had They than a month. General Gates, with four Eastern regiments, three others from those Stales were are also near at hand coming on, by his order, by the way of Peekskill, and had I had ordered on with Parjoined General Heath, whom sons's brigade, to join me, leaving Clinton's brigade, and some Militia that were at forts Montgomery and Constitution, to But the guard those important passes of the Highlands. Convention of the State of New- York, seeming to be much ;
Heath's coming away, a fleet appearing oft' AcwLondon, and some part of the enemy's troops retiring towards Brunswick, induced rne to countermand the order for the march of Parsons's brigade, and to direct the three regialarmed
at
ments from Ticonderoga to halt at Morristown, in Jersey, Militia had col(where I understand about eight hundred order to inspirit the inhabitants, and, as far as I shall send Gencover that part of the country. possible, eral Maxwell this day to take the command of them, and if
lected,) in
to be done, to harass and annoy the enemy in their quarThe care and vigilance ters, and cut off their convoys. the boats on this river has hithwhich were used in
securing erto baffled every attempt of the
enemy
to cross;
but, from
ice concurring reports and appearances, they are waiting for to afford them a passage. Since writing the foregoing, I have received a letter from Governour Cooke, of Rhode-Island, of which the enclosed Previous to this, and immediately upon the first is a copy. of a fleet's going through the Sound, 1 obtained intelligence orders to Generals Spencer and Arnold to pro-
despatched ceed without the least delay to the eastward.
The
first,
I
is gone; the latter, not getting my letter till he a place called Easton, was, by advice of General Gates, who also met my letter at the same place, induced to come on hither before he proceeded to the eastward.
presume,
came
to
Not one has are laid up. with the division under General Sullivan, but are at different places on the road. accounts from the eastward, a large body of
Most of our Brigadiers
come on left sick
He in the military line. gentleman well worthy of notice or last from Massachusetts Militia the summer, commanded fall rather, and much to my satisfaction, having proved himI occasions, an active, spirited, sensible man. not know whether it is his wish to remain in the military or whether, if he should, any thing under the rank he
do
on
Plan for
all
holds in the State he
comes from would
satisfy
been fought in Europe have, generally, been with canand that army which has had the most numerous and been victorious. best-appointad artillery has commonly The experience of this campaign shows how much the enemy depend upon the superiority of their artillery. They or ever detach a single regiment without two or
non
;
scarcely t )ree fold |
to discriminate.
ought he is become both blind and deaf. have the honour to be, with great respect, I most obedient servant,
sir,
your
Go. WASHINGTON.
P. S. Generals Gates and Sullivan have this instant come By them I learn that few or no men are recruited out There is very of the regiments coming on with them. little reason to expect that these regiments will be prevailed to
If continue after their term of service expires. do not come in, the consequences are but too
Militia then
)
|
m
proposed
The
in the genius, industry, and care requisite and the managepreparation of all kinds of military stores, ment o f can non, render it necessary that the best men should b e employed in this service; and as the generally detached
service.
state o f t h e artillery subjects them to much greater expense t | )an if they were together, their pav ought to be twenty-fire
p er cent more t h an tne marching regiments. .
ancj french service
it is
VOL.
III.
In the British
double.
j( w ;n be necessary to have five Battalions; each Battsilon to consist of one Colonel, one Lieutenant-Colonel, one each Company one Captain, Major, and twelve Companies; j
one Captain-Lieutenant, four Lieutenants, six Sergeants, " *" -J * six Corporals, six Gunners, six Bombardiers, and twentyeight Matrosses. "Thar after the appointment of the officers, they be permitted to recruit in any of the United States of America.
One Commissary of Military Stores, and as many Deputy Commissaries and Conductors as the nature of the service may require, and the Cornmander-in-Chief thinks necessary.
That a company of
Artificers
be with the Artillery
the
in
g e ] (] ) for various contingent services, j t w -,n be necessary to have magazines and laboratories, for t j, e reception and preparation of military stores of every
formed at Hartford, in Connecticut, and York, in Pennsylvania; and that to each laboratory, besides the persons that are to prepare the stores, there be a sufficient
S p e cies,
make ammunition-wagons, turn&c., fee. cannon, spare That each laboratory have a Director, whose rank and and a Subpay be equal to that of a Lieutenant-Colonel, Director, with the rank and pay of a Captain, That two persons be employed to get cast, or otherwise hundred and fifty brass pieces of cannon, of procure, one such sizes as the comm commanding officer of Artillery shall direct,
number of
able artificers to carriages for
-
ann tne Comrnander-in-Chief approve.
That
the persons appointed for this purpose be instructed cannon cast
to spare neither pains or expense in getting the and mounted as soon as possible. That the commanding officer of Artillery be to form the magazines, laboratories,
and
empowered
artificers,
iminedi-
ately.
Plan of General STEPHEN.
The Second and Seventh
Virginia Regiments, with
all
the convalescents from the other corps left in Virginia, and to be immediately ordered to join the Army now fit for
duty,
Excellency General Washington. All recruits inlisted on the new establishment, to the eastward of the Blue Ridge, to join them at places most conthem to the Army. The venient, and march along with whole to march by companies, for the better accommodation on the road. The Quartermasters, Commissaries, and an officer of adand provisions dress, to march before, to provide quarters under
his
The new
inlisted
troops, in Fmcastle, Bottetourt,
Au-
Fredenck, and Berkeley, to gusta, Hampshire, Dunmore, march immediately by Bottetourt Court-House, Staunton, and Martmsburg, the Woodsbury, Strasburg, Winchester, to nearest way Lancaster, having provisions laid in for them at the different places above-mentioned.
evident.
FIFTH SERIES.
regulations of their artillery are
tnose particulars. Considering the exigencies of an active and extensive establishcampaign, and the common accidents of war, the will not be superiour, if equal, to the ent here
in.
upon
The
pieces.
founded upon the most convincing experience of their utility, an(j we s la ]i )ave no reason to blush by imitating them in
far
Brigadier Read, of New-Hampshire, He does not, I presume, mean to continue in service. not, as I am told, by the severity of the small-pox,
way
Artillery,
_
lately
him.
an appointment of this kind might offend the Continental Brigadiers, I cannot undertake to say; many there are over whom he ought not to be placed, but I know of no
How
of a Continental o
the establishment a.* r i
line,
now
1314
1776.
Magazines, Laboratories, &fC. In the modern mode of carrying on a war. there is nothilian ing which contributes more to make an army victorious a well-regulated and well-disciplined Artillery, provided with The battles which have a sufficiency of cannon and stores.
brils,
men had By assembled in Rhode-Island from the States of Massachusetts and Connecticut. I presume (but I have no advice of it) that the Militia ordered from the first to rendezvous at Danunder the command of Majorbury, six thousand in number, General Lincoln, for supplying the place of the disbanded men of that State in the Continental Army, will now be orIn speaking of General Lincoln, dered to Rhode-Island. I should not do him justice were I not to add, that he is a
self,
A
DECEMBER,
inc.,
83
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1315
of Lieutenant-Colonel Nevil, troops under command of the Kanaway, except the company posted at the mouth and the Pennsylvania regiment, commanded by Colonel
The
Westmoreland, to march immediately by LigoMcRay, laid in for nier, Bedford, and Carlisle, having provisions in
them
at these places. recruits of the
Redstone, The Great Cumberland. Fort and Meadows, Great Crossing, wiih two Light-Horse, to be forwarded over An provisions for
them
at Spcirs,
officer,
and the mountains, with cash to purchase blankets, arms, and with the to facilitate inarch, perempother necessaries, tory orders to make despatch. In order to prevent neglect of duty in the recruiting sera weekly report to the vice, every recruiting officer to make
Virginia ; and Militia the found officer, is if the officer by a late indolent, will be more active. who another can appoint regulation,
commander of
tiie
Militia
DECEMBER,
time will only permit
of his County,
me
1176.
1316
to add, that I
am, with great
re-
your very humble servant,
spect,
ALEX. McDouc.ALL.
To
Major-General Heath, Pyramus.
Intelligence by
seven companies to be raised in to be marched by Youghyougania, Monongalia, and Ohio, The Fort Cumberland, the nearest way 'to Lancaster. u"ie country to with best and men Commissaries acquainted
The new
lay in
&c.,
JOHN HALSTEADJ^/TOOT ELIZABETH-TOWN.
John Halstead
left Elizabeth-Town this morning about Says there is no troops in Elizabeth-Town but Waldeckers, the same that has been there for two weeks Says the drums beat this morning, about daybreak, past. and he understood they were to have marched but that they did not, and the reason why, as he understood, was the badKnows not which way they were to ness of the weather. march, but it was said they were to have a little march out o' town that he thinks six or seven hundred British troops went through town the day before yesterday, near twelve o'clock, towards New-Ark, and that they have not as yet
eight o'clock.
;
;
returned.
in
Chatham, 20th December, 1776.
CAPTAINS OF COLONEL MAXWELL S REGIMENT TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Providence, December 8th, 1776, past 10 o'clock, P.
M.
MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY
with great concern 1 give you the disagreeable SIR: the enemy, with a fleet consisting of seventythat intelligence entered the harbour of eight ships-of-war and transports, It
is
We had about six hundred men yesterday. who were obliged to evacuate it, with Rhode-Island, upon or twenty heavy cannon, having fifteen about of the loss taken off the ammunition and stores, and the greatest part The enemy have full possession of the island. of the stock. I am informed by General West and Lieutenant Barron, of the Providence, that they landed this morning, about eight in three o'clock, with eight thousand men, who marched divisions, one towards New-Port, the second towards How-
New-Port
land's Ferry, and the third to Bristol Ferry, where they arrived time enough to fire upon the boats that brought over I have sent reour last men, but without doing damage.
and Connecticut.
the Massachusetts-Bay peated expresses to forces of the former are upon the march, as
The
I
believe
the latter are also.
In great haste, I
am
your Excellency's most obedient,
humble
servant,
To
Excellency General Washington.
his
NICHOLAS COOKE.
The Captains of the Colonel Maxwtlfs regiment, in behalf of their men, have thought it necessary to lay before your Excellency the charge brought against them of cartouch-boxes, cross-belts, :
late
tomahawks, haversacks, priming-wires and brushes, canteens, The men have guntlines, camp-kettles, and Canada caps. been taught to believe that they would not have to pay for General Gates, while at Ticonthose things enumerated. deroga, gave them assurances that they would not since which they think themselves exempted from the payment. ;
We
hope your Excellency will consider it. This charge, if permitted to stand, will retard the present service, and injure our characters. Relying on the justness of the case, and the impartiality with which justice is administered where you preside, are in full assurances that our request will be complied with.
men have gone through would be for the argument any remitting these things mentioned, w would have no doubt of their being excluded. We will freely submit it to your Excellency and General Gates ; and are your Excellency's most obedient and very humble serIf the hardships these
H. BREARLY, Captain, In behalf of the whole.
December 20th, 1776.
ORDERS TO CARPENTER WHARTON, ASSISTANT COMMISSARYGENERAL. SIR: It being represented to me that the millers, either from an unwillingness to part with their flour, or the diffifrom the farmers, do not employ culty of obtaining wheat their mills, by which means the Army under my command I do hereby authorize and is like to suffer for want of bread into the state of this matter, with full to instruct
SIR: I am fully of opinion that the above requests of the Captains is very reasonable, both from the promise of General Gates, and the extraordinary campaign they have undergone. 1
am
your Excellency's most obedient, humbR* servant, WM. MAXWELL, Brigadier-General.
;
you
powers,
if it
the miller, for the use of the
should be found that the default
to seize the mill
and grain, and employ it it arises from any defect
is
if
in the
to
;
manufactured. Given under my hand at Head-Quarters, this 20th day of December, 1776.
UO.
in
Bucks County,
VV
ASHINGTON.
Chatham, 20 December, 1776. I
many embarrassments. The enclosed ligence we have of the state of the enemy. from
service will permit your advancing to
be of great importance
As to
in
is
the last intel-
Whenever
Morris-Town,
it
the will
protecting this distressed State.
which we suppose be from General Washington, and forwarded by express, this is to
accompany
a letter to you,
have the honour
1776.
an extract of a letter from Lieutenant-General Clinton, containing advice of his being in possession of Rhode-Island, without any loss to his MaThe season may be found loo far advanced jesty's troops. to enclose
for him to proceed to Providence, but. if practicable, I am The advantages to be confident the attempt will be made. derived from this acquisition are nevertheless very important. In Jersey, upon the approach of the van of Lord Corn-
instant, the
was honoured with your favour of I was happy to find seasonable. the you and the other General Officers considered it advisable to It was a measure detain Colonel Vase's corps. absolutely This necessary to prop the drooping spirits of the Militia. moment Colonel Vose received General Washington's orders of the 18th, to tarry in this State, which has relieved me :
New-York, 20th December, I
wallis's corps
GENERAL M'DOUGALL TO GENERAL HEATH.
DEAR GENERAL It came very 18th.
HOWE TO LORD GEORGE GERMAIN.
in
farmer, publick; and in either case take his grain for the publick service paying the full value of such flour or wheat at the mill where it is
MY
SIR WILLIAM
inquire
to Brunsivick,
by a forced march on the 1st precipitately to Prince-
enemy went off most
town; and had they not prevented the passage of the Rariton, by breaking a part of Brunswick bridge, so great was the confusion among them, that their Army must inevitably have been cut to pieces. My first design, extending no further than to get and keep possession of East-Jersey, Lord Cornwallis had orders not to advance beyond Brunsivick, which occasioned him to pursuit; but finding the advantages that might be gained by pushing on to the Delaware, and the possibility of getting to Philadelphia, the communication leading to Brunswick was reinforced, and on the 6th I joined his Lordship with the Fourth Brigade of British, under the command of Major-General Grant. On the 7th Lord Corn-
discontinue his
wallis's corps, the
Guards excepted, who were
left at
Bruns-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1317
wick, marched to Princetoum, which the enemy had quitted on the same day. This corps marched in two divisions on the first advancing to Trenton, reached the Delathe 8th ware soon after the enemy's rear guard had crossed. Their main Army having passed the preceding day and night, took post on the other side of the river. Lord Cormvallis, with the rear division, halted at Maidenhead, six miles from Trenton, and inarched at one o'clock :
next morning to Cornel's Ferry, thirteen miles higher up the Delaware, in some expectation of finding boats there, the neighbourhood, sufficient to pass the river ; but in this he was disappointed, the enemy having taken the precaution to destroy, or to secure on the south side, all the
and
in
boats that could possibly be employed for that purpose. The passage of the Delaware being thus rendered impracticable,
his
Lordship took post at Pennington,
in
which
being
fee.,
DECEMBER,
much changed
in
1318
1776.
Pennsylvania, and their minds
general, from the late progress of the
which sentiment they would be confirmed by our
in
peace,
in
to
Army, disposed
getting possession of Philadelphia, ation fully persuaded the principal
am from this considerArmy should act offen-
I
sively on that side, where the enemy's chief strength will certainly be collected. By this change, the offensive plan towards Boston must be deferred until the proposed reinforcements arrive from
Europe, that there may be a corps to act defensively upon the lower part of Hudson's river, to cover Jersey on that side, as well as to facilitate, in some degree, the approach of
Army from Canada. The arrangement I would humbly
the
propose
for the
execu-
that only two thousand men should remain at Rhode-Island, with a proper number of ships ; four
of
tion
this
plan
is,
men on York Island, and posts adjacent, and three men on Hudson's river; which will leave about ten men for Pennsylvania, including, on a rough com-
the two divisions remained until the 14th, place and Trenton when the weather having become too severe to keep the field, and the winter cantonments being arranged, the troops
thousand thousand thousand
marched from both places to their respective stations. The own, is rather too extensive, but I was induced to occupy Burlington To cover the County of Monmouth, in which there are many loyal inhabitants; and trusting to the
putation, that the extent of our strength at the opening of the campaign will not exceed nineteen thousand men. But as those operations, perhaps of the last importance to
almost general submission of the County to the southward of this chain, and to the strength of the corps placed in the advanced posts, I conclude the troops will be in perfect secu-
I request
chain, I
Lord Cornwallis having desired to return to Britain, in Jersey is given to Major-General Grant, in whose approved good conduct I have the greatest confidence. I cannot too much commend Lord Cornwallis's good services during this campaign; and particularly the ability and conduct lie displayed in the pursuit of the enemy from Fort Lee to Trenton, a distance exceeding eighty miles, in which he was well supported by the ardour of his corps, who cheertheir tents and heavy baggage, as impediments fully quitted to their march. By pressing the Rebels so close they had not time to destroy the country, as they intended, or to remove their stores by which a large quantity of provisions and plenty of forage have been secured. During Lord Cornwallis's stay at Pennington, a patrol of from the Sixteenth Regiment was sent out thirty Dragoons to gain intelligence of a corps under the command of General Lee, reported to be in Morris County, on their way to Lieutenant-Colonel cross the Delaware at Alexandria. Harcourt desired the direction of this detachment, and rity.
command
the
;
learning, as he proceeded, the situation of this corps, con-
two thousand men, and of General Lee's HeadQuarters, he contrived, by infinite address and gallantry, to the guard, surrounded it, get to his house undiscovered by and overcoming all their resistance, made the General a
sisting of
Being confident
prisonei.
this gallant action will
his Majesty's gracious attention,
commend upon
it is
needless for
not escape
me to
the nation,
may depend upon the exigencies of the moment, your Lordship to point out any general plans that may be thought most advisable, both with respect to the present strength of this Army and on the event of reinforcements, remarking the periods of time in which these troops may be expected. I would further propose, that every augmentation of troops should come to this port in the first instance, from whence they can be readily disposed of as may be found requisite. We must not look for the Northern Army to reach Albany before the middle of September. Of course the subsequent operations of that corps will depend upon the state of things at the time.
Clothing, tents, and every species of camp equipage, will for the Hessian troops and regiment of Waldecls. The enclosed return will show the number of men want-
be wanted
ing to complete these corps, and if two hundred were added to the Hessian quota, and thirty to that of Waldeck, I think the casualties of the winter may reasonably be computed to
amount
to that
number.
The Seventh and Twenty-Sixth Regiments
being mostly exchanged, and the season not admitting of their going to Canada before the spring, I beg to have his Majesty's com-
mands
for the disposal
of those battalions.
cannot close this letter without making mention of the good services rendered in the course of the campaign by Cortland Skinner, Esq., Attorney-General in the Jerseys, who has been indefatigable, and of infinite service, since the I
Army
entered those Provinces; I therefore humbly recomas a gentleman meriting the Royal favour.
mend him
re-
Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt to the King's notice
JONATHAN HALLET TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
this occasion.
I must also mention the signal services of Sir William
department of Quartermaster-General, whose indefatigable zeal has eminently contributed to the success nor must I omit Major Maitland, of the of this campaign corps of Marines, who has the command of the Second Battalion of Light-Infantry, in which he has distinguished himin his
Erskine,
;
self
much
to his honour.
The
time of service for which most of the enemy's troops were engaged being expired, their present strength, from a review of the latest intelligence received, is about eight thousand on the south side of the Delaware and in Philadelphia, five hundred Militia embodied in Morris County, New-Jersey, and about three thousand at Peck's Kill, NorthCastle,
and the smaller posts
in this
Peekskill,
liest
present myself.
am, your very humble servant,
I
JONATHAN HALLET.
To
the honourable Convention, Fish-kill.
Province.
who
COLONEL SWARTWOUT TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fort Constitution, December 20, 1776.
opportunity.
GENTLEMEN: Whereas EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM SIR WILLIAM HOWE T6 LORD GEORGE GERMAIN, DATED NEW-YORK, 20TH DECEMBER, 177(5.
separate letter by the Tamer, No. 32, 1 ideas for the several operations in the course
In
my
my
mentioned of the en-
suing campaign, and proposed a defensive corps in Jersey, of the year; but the opinions of people
for the early part
20, 1776.
vention for their appointment; but his circumstances are I should be such that he can by no means serve. very glad if I could have an officer appointed in his stead, as I labour under great disadvantages in my recruiting, by not having my complement of officers, and being very lame at
served the campaign by his Majesty's permission, will return to Britain by the ear-
Major-General Robertson,
December
Yesterday I saw Mr. Peter Benedict, who was appointed First Lieutenant under me. He informs me that he continues He is much obliged to the honourable Conin the service.
the limited
time
we engaged
in
the service will expire by the last day of this month, which is nigh at hand, except we are relieved or stay longer than our times this garrison will be left vacant; but in all
have provided a relief, to relieve us at that probability you on the but contrary, if you have not, it would he best day; to let me know per first opportunity in what manner to act. It is
men
very reasonable to think that the greatest part of the will be very anxious to get home when their time
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1319
notwithstanding, believe, with the other officers, might, prevail with a sufficient number to garrison this Ibrt till
expires;
money by sending them,
as they are
Should be loth to leave this garrison with my heard from you, gentlemen, as there are many here which will not admit of leaving without a guard, things such as cannon, ammunition, tc. of Captain Bratt's and Captain Holding's companies Rangers arrived here the other day, from Albany. Say they were sent here by the Committee of that place, and their instructions are to come here to this fort and stay till the we have to stay. first of January, which will be just the time In my opinion, they are of no service here for the present, nor would they, if they should be ordered to guard this fort
under pay.
regiment
till
I
ordered them to furnish their proportion of
this winter, for I
came to me and told guards, upon which the two Captains me their men was not listed to mount guard, but were willI have kept ing to turn out their men for fatigue; upon which them in getting of firewood, together with our men.
We
which might be got pine timber, in a swamp, on this island, out with sleighs in the winter, when the ice is hard, to be for rafting in the spring.
am, gentlemen, with esteem, your very humble servant,
1
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT,
To
is
1320
1116.
now my Ensign, and worthy of
the berth. I
am, and remain,
your
sir,
real friend
and most humble
JAS.
Colonel Duboys, N. B. Captain ftfsckrans showed and I recommend the same.
me
RobEKRANS.
the above letters,
JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General. RESOLUTION OF NEW-YORK CONVENTION REVIVING COMMITTEE Or SAFETY. Friday morning, December 20th, 1776.
The Convention
Present
met.
:
General
Ten Broeck
President. in
Resolved, That the last Committee of Safety be revived the same words, with this addition, "That it continue
until further orders, and meet and transact business."
A
in
the recess of Convention
JOHN MCKESSON.
Copy.
have had no boats from New-Windsor these two
reason of the days, to be loaded with stone, I suppose by All the timber liandy here for rafts severity of the weather. we have cut and sent up. Here is still a great plenty of
ready
DECEMBER,
Henry Swarlwout, who
a proper relief might be procured of the Continental troops. But if you have already a sufficient number of Continental troops, will be saving
&c.,
Colonel.
the honourable Convention at Fishkill.
PAROLE OF MILES SHERBROOKE. Dutchess County, ss. I, Miles Sherbrooke, of the city of New- York, Merchant, and now, by leave of the Convention of the State of NewYork, about to repair to the said city, do swear upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that I will not give or
convey any verbal or written intelligence whatsoever, in any wise respecting the controversy now subsisting between Great Britain and the United States of North- America, any person or persons whatsoever, until leave for that purpose by the Convention or future Legislature of this State unto me be given. ..
to
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO COLONEL DCBOIS. Fishkill
Landing, December 20, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: I have been these three days past at Fishwhere I thought to have had the pleasure of seeing you, but was disappointed. I would have been glad to have seen the arrangement of your regiment, but as it was not made kill,
The members of the Committee of Arrangement showed me part of it, wherein I noticed He one John McClaghry appointed your Quartermaster. out properly,
is
a good
I
could not.
young man, and a good
scholar; but as he
is
unac-
him for an Ensign, quainted with the business, I recommend and Nehemiah Carpenter, who has served this last year a Quartermaster in my regiment, to be your Quartermaster. He is well-deserving of it. I have likewise recommended
He is a for an Ensign in your brigade. man. and a clerk lively young good If there be a vacancy for Captain Increase Child's and
Andrew Harkness
Ensign Ponduson, of my regiment, I would be glad they were appointed, if you see it in your way. I make no doubt you will mention them, and believe they would answer well.
Samuel Lewis, who is Sergeant-Major in my regiment, I would recommend for an Ensign, if there should be a vacancy, either in your regiment or any other. I am, sir, your humble servant,
To
JAMES CLINTON, Brigadier-General. Lewis Dubois. Colonel
MILES SHERBROOKE.
Sworn of the 20th day of December, 1776, before me, ABM. TEN BROECK, Pres't. I, Miles Sherbrooke, do promise, upon my parole of honour as a gentleman, that I will return from the city of New-York to the town of Middletown, in the State of Connecticut, on or before the last day of May, 1777, unless otherwise ordered by the Convention or future Legislature of the State of New- York, and that 1 will there abide the further orders of such Convention or Legislature; and that
any wise aid, abet, advise, or assist, any person under any authority derived from the King and Parliament of Great Britain in any act, matter, or thing whatever, against the said State of New- York, or the United States of America. ., c I will not in
or persons acting
MILES SHEHBROOKE.
Fishkill, Dutchess
County I, Alexander Wallace, of the city of New- York, Merchant, and now, by leave of the Convention of the State of New- York, about to repair to the city of New- York, do swear upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that I will not give or convey any verbal or written intelligence whatsoever, in any wise respecting the controversy now subsisting between Great Britain and the United Slates of
Fiahkill,
COLONEL DUBOIS
December
ALEXANDER WALLACE.
20, 1776.
I was yesterday at Congress, when I had choice either to be in your regiment or Colonel Livingston's ; which in choice do choose to be
was informed
that
there must be a vacancy in Livingston's, which I think can be procured for Lieutenant Lee, with your assistance. if not, I shall
not be the
Shall take
means of being
detri-
as a particular favour if you would assist Lee in getting the commission, as I think him highly worthy of the berth; and likewise, 1 expect there will be a vacancy for an Ensign in and shall my it
company,
be very happy
if
ABM. TEN BROECK,
:
yours ; but. however, am now in company with Lieutenant Lee, who informs me that he has an offer of a Captain in your regiment, with the proviso I do not accept the berth; if I do, that he must continue as a Lieutenant, which 1 think need not be the case, for if I am appointed in your regiment,
However,
Sworn the 20th day of December, 1776, before me, Pres't.
I
in
mental to Lee.
to
for that
ture of this
CAPTAIN ROSEKRANS TO COLONEL DUBOIS.
any person or persons whatsoever, until purpose by the Convention or future LegislaState unto me be given.
North-America, leave
:
you could see
it
in
your way to appoint
I, Alexander Wallace, do promise, upon my parole of honour as a gentleman, that 1 will return from the city of New-York to the town of Middletown, in the State of Connecticut, on or before the last day of May, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven, unless otherwise ordered by the Convention or future Legislature of the State of New- York, and that I will there abide the further order of said Convention or future Legislature; and that 1 will not
in any wise aid, abet, advise, or assist, any person or persons acting under any authority derived from the King or Parliament of Great Britain, in any act, matter, or thing whatsoever, against the said State of New-York, or the
United States of America.
A \, ALEXANDER WALLACE. r
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1321
ROBERT YATES TO COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENT. In the
arrangement of officers lately made
the Massachusetts-Buy upon the new establishment, I have been informed that they have excluded all those who do not actually resiile within the limits of that State. In in
consequence whereof, Juhn McKinster and Thomas McKinster, the first a Captain and the other his First Lieutenant, who have served two campaigns with a company raised in tliis County, in Colonel Patterson's regiment, are omitted, because they reside in Claverack, upon the eastern bounds I have understood they behaved (particularly of this State. at the Cedars, where the Captain was wounded) with dis-
Would it not, therefore, politick to tinguished bravery. The advantages take them into the service of the State ? evident. You resulting from such a measure I conceive are be
would attach to the interest of this State two useful officers, and at the same time they would in their neighbourhood
company of men who otherwise
will
probably inlist brethren their eastern however, without, knowing among whether you have room on the arrangement for their admission, in case you should concur with me in sentiment, I raise a
;
duty to lay these facts before you. One Joshua Whitney, from Noble-Town, has requested me to recommend him for a Lieutenancy. I have but a I must, therefore, with him. (in case slight acquaintance be inclined to put him on,) refer you to Colonel should you Van Rensselaer, under whom he has served. thought
I
my
it
am, with the
greatest esteem,
your humble servant,
ROBT. YATES.
To
Robert Harper, Esq., Deputy Chairman of the mittee of Arrangement, FishkilL
Com-
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
James and William Jauncey. Mr. Miller, Mr. and Mr. Hugh Wallace, in Middletoivn, and Messrs. Walton, Reed and Palmer, in Windham, all from the State of NewYork, be permitted to return home upon their giving their :
parole not to give any intelligence from us to the enemy; not to take up arms ; not to do or say any thing against the United States of America; and to return back to this State
upon being requested or called for, and remain under the direction of the Governour and Council of Safety. Voted, That Mr. Munro, who was sent here by the Alto return to his family,
you
will point
them out
to that
body
in
a
manner.
I am, with respect, humble servant,
To
1322
sir,
your most obedient and most ...
MALMEDY.
Excellency Genera! Lee, at the Army of the United States of America, in the Jerseys or elsewhere. his
Providence, 10th December, 177G.
MY GENERAL
met with
difficulty
I
soon as
arrived,
I
could not arrive
I
:
till
the 6th,
owing
to
the
some
As places to procure horses. sent the letter with which you intrusted
1
in
Governour. Accept, sir, my wannest thanks for the recommendation with which you have honoured me, and be assured I shall exert my utmost endeavours to render myself worthy the opinion and goodness you have expressed
me,
in
to the
my behalf. The Governour
desired me to view the lines of circumwhich were opened on the right bank of the river by Mr. Crow. They are drawn on that side quite around the town. They appeared to me to be at too great a distance from the town, and too extensive and from the difficulty of defending them, on a sudden emergency, and by vallation,
;
reason of the great
number of men
requisite for their defence,
you know, my General, how dangerous such lines are. They have heretofore been found useless in many places, although, traced out with great judgment. I proposed to the gentlemen to draw others within them. I perceived they were
with the utility of this, and agreed to it. I changed the defences, and brought the posts nearer; and possibly, my General, when they are finished, you will think them satisfied
me.
Deputy Governour, Ellphalet Dyer, Jabez Huntington, William Williams, Titus Hosmer, Benjamin Huntington, William Hillhouae, Thomas Seymour, Esquires. Voted, That Colonel Philips, Mr. Jauncey, and his two
bany Committee, be permitted
striking
1776.
capable of being defended. They were desired by the I asked last people to quiet their fears. night for orders to see Holan's Ferry, which you particularly recommended to
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety, MidiJletown, December 20th, 1776 Present: His Honour the Governour, his Honour the
sons, viz
DECEMBER,
vations, I entreat
Claverack, December 20th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN:
&c.,
upon
any intelligence, nor do or say any thing against the United States of America, and that he will return to this State again by the first day
his giving his written parole not to give
This morning I wait for instructions. cannot give you a true idea of the distribution and I arrangement of the troops; they are not yet settled. always view with pleasure the great number of beautiful I towns, which every moment present themselves to view. can never believe the enemy will be able to overrun this You have doubtless an country, without great difficulty. account of their numbers and positions. You were pleased, my General, to request these gentleI
men
to give
me
the rank of a Colonel
diately granted to
me.
It
is
which they imme-
;
very flattering to
me
to
owe
The qualities you possess, and the promotion to you. deserved reputation which you enjoy, render this infinitely
my
precious to me. It is of great importance, my General, to me, to be commissioned by Congress, if you desired it. before the first of in
January,
order to be older in rank than a number of me this morning, I beseech you, to beg the
Permit
others.
favour of you to ble.
My
make
demand
this
for
me
as
soon as possi-
for the favour shall
acknowledgments equal the I am, my General, your most humble
respect with which
and most obedient servant,
MALMEDY.
of March next, and remain under the directions of the Governour and Council of Safety.
Providence, 20th December, 1776.
M.
MY
MALMEDY TO GENERAL LEE. [Translation.]
Providence, December 20th, 1776.
On my
your letter to the Governour, and, without soliciting any promotion, offered him my services. The Congress of the State have immediately granted me the rank of Colonel, which gave me great satisfaction. Two hours after, having more attentively perused your letter, and being determined by another circumstance, they conferred upon me the rank of BrigadierGeneral, which I acknowledged was yet unmerited. Is there any reason to fear, sir, that the promotion, which is an act of mere favour, contains but the seeds of my disgrace, and that those gentlemen, if the Continental Congress should hesitate, have prepared for me but an humiliating sitSIR:
arrival hither, I delivered
uation, at the very time they intended to load me with their not keeping that rank? favours? Is there a probability of
my
would seem somewhat was entirely unsolicited by me. promotion Fondly believing the Congress will attend
If
I
do rny duty,
it
unjust.
That
to those obser-
GENERAL:
your orders on the 1st, that I should go to Holan's Ferry, which you particularly recommended to me. The gentlemen of the Committee imagined that Warrick Neck was more important, since the enemy I returned the same evening. I have are in Rhode-Island. traversed all near to the point of Connecticut, all the neck of I cannot Warrick. perceive in all that part the possibility The banks of hindering the enemy from making a descent. throughout are easy of access, and the vessels can come close to the land. ation
for
a
I
had
There
in
is,
however, an advantageous
situ-
camp upon the high ground, from whence we the enemy from forming, and withdrawing them-
can hinder selves from the fire of their cannon. camp of observation. On my return account of this matter.
It
I
might serve as a gave a particular
You knew, my General, the situation of the town of Warwick. It is mere folly to attempt to defend it, in case 1 there the enemy makes a descent in its neighbourhood. I thought it my found some works begun. duty not to We have therefore oppose the desire of the commandant. continued and prolonged them, with some regularity, adapted
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1323
The same
to the ground.
night I returned to Providence,
and gave an account to the Govemour of the difficulty of defending that town, and that the post ought to he evacuated. I have sent him an order of retreat for the detachment with the out-guards, and requested him to drive from Patuxet a great luimher of cattle and forage, which are on the neck. 1 cannot doubt hut from its situation, that is the place where
make their descent, if they land. I think, that after making efforts at Patexet, and all my General, along the river, we ought to defend Providence, and there the
will
enemy
I presented to the Governour four reasons to 1 believe the place where I am. determination. support In will, in a month, be out of danger of a coup de main. that case, the. General who shall command the forces, sup-
engage them. this
porting his left and extending obliquely on the right, will cover Boston, and that Province; and I do not believe the enemy dare enter Connecticut, and by that means separate themselves from their vessels, which is their place of arms; nor are they so numerous as to render themselves masters of
the river. 1 beg pardon, my General, for giving you this account of arrangements, especially in a country where you Allow me the indulgence are much better acquainted with. granted to a scholar, who makes essays on your pieces, and whose feeble observations you can easily rectify. The County of Patexct is, and will always be, interesting. I pray you to assemble some troops there, and to order a number of fascines, which can readily be found at hand,
where occasion requires. The Governour appears
DECEMBER,
&c.,
were absorbed
in business.
ment, when military
1776.
It is a
1324
misfortune in a
Govern-
the hands of the legislative These are related, but ought in their particular authority. I have been execution, to be independent of each other. well satisfied as to a lodging, but I cannot be supplied with affairs are in
thought it my duty, sir, to give you a particular You have sent me with letters of business and You have perhaps informed Congress, and confidence. have possibly a reliance on my zeal and good will. I will be very unfortunate if in the execution of what 1 am charged horses.
1
account.
and this cannot but appear by the with, I find them useless actual situation of things. I fear I shall not hereafter be ;
thought worthy of any confidence, and I am particularly I bes you jealous of losing yours and that of the Congress. will inform Congress of the true situation of affairs. If, my
have expressed too great a degree of sensibility portrait, 1 know the goodness with which you have honoured me, and 1 beg you will correct any thing amiss, or which may displease. " Honi soil qui mal y pense." I cannot too often repeat, my General, the civilities I have General,
1
in this
received from these gentlemen. I owe them all my services, and they are but a small mark of mv gratitude. I do not
know how
I shall be employed here. I beg you to recollect the expressions in your letter and your pleasure when you sent me here. I have not yet had a word of orders. To-day-
Mr. Lincoln is arrived. Mr. Varnum is a Brigadier-GenI have rank of him in this Province. I should be very glad to know the line of service to which I ought par-
eral.
to approve rny opinion, and has continue to give it on all military matters. The little disposition I have seen in this town, relative to troops, in this time of perplexity and danger, when all ought to be in a state of activity, has determined me to present a
I am no engineer by profession. some little abilities. 1 will and knowledge finish the open lines with diligence, because they are useful, and because there is but one man here who knows that kind of work. I shall apply myself to every thing that depends
1 regular distribution of regiments, and an order of service. it to send them with letters, thought necessary accompanied
upon me
and some sentiments
in
enclose you a copy of
my
Be so kind, my General, as to consult Congress, and me what is your and their intention respecting my services, and inform the Governour, to whom you have recommended me here. In whatever manner you dispose of me, I will not neglect any of the duties which my condition,
me
requested
to
honour of first
this
letter,
I
country.
and the order of
here ser-
vice.
The
I cannot but think gentlemen here are polite. myhonoured with the testimonies they have given of satisfaction on my conduct; and I am particularly flattered with the rank they have given me. But, my General, I do not see that they have done the smallest thing in the matter I proposed to them, nor even in those things which ought not Be pleased to put a favourable to be deferred a moment. interpretation on what I have the honour to say, and believe 1 give this detail only from the desire I have to see proper dispositions made for the defence of this country. Notwithstanding the proximity of the enemies, and the ease with which they may land, I do not see above six or seven hundred men at Warwick, one thousand or eleven hundred here, four hundred citizens at the most ready to take arms, and The Colonels of the regionly one company of Artillery. ments do not know where to rendezvous in case of alarm. I see no posts established I see no artillery in motion, nor any preparations for that purpose no exercise at cannon, In the mean notwithstanding the great want of instruction. time the enemy are ten thousand. They do not make any but they can in one tide embark in flatgeneral movement bottomed boats and land at Warwick-Neck, and arrive at Providence in four hours. That town is worth such an atIt is very important on account of tempt at this moment. the great Quantity of merchandise and ships in its port. I cannot account for the conduct of the English Generals, if The people here give themthey have good intelligence. selves up to a lethargick idea, because they are not numerous, and because they serve as a defensive post to Rhode-
self
;
;
;
Island.
The Americans ought to
fear the illusion
;
for these
two months
General past it has been very destructive. I Lincoln arrived here the evening before last. hope he The next day, at ten o'clock, he will put things in order.
Bristol and Holan's Ferry, without my knowing I am of his journey. sensibly affected with the disappointI waited on the ment, not having yet a lodging or a horse.
ticularly to be I have some
in this
destined.
but I beg you will not confine me country I can execute another with more advan;
to that profession
;
tage.
inform
These are the pretensions, emulation, and honour prescribe. these the reasons to which I resign myself. I should go to-day to Bristol and Holan's Ferry, but it snows to such a degree that there is no traveling. I should be glad to be under jour immediate orders, if there is any I
operations this spring.
Virgmia ; perhaps you
am
told
are there.
half of the fleet I
am
sorry to
is
in
beat such
a distance from you. I
am,
ike.
MY GENERAL Upon my
arrival here, 1 sent your letter the Governour, and offered them my services, without The Assembly of this Province immediasking any rank. :
to
ately granted
and well
me
that of Colonel, with which I was flattered hours after, the Assembly having
satisfied.
Two
read your letter a second time more attentively, and being determined by some other circumstances, gave me the rank
of Brigadier-General, which I acknowledge I have not yet deserved. Ought I not to fear, my General, that this promotion, which is an act of favour, will be a kind of disgrace to me, and that these gentlemen, by loading me with favours, have only prepared me for humiliation, if the Continental ConIs there not a gress should hesitate? probability of my not If I do rny duty, it would seem somekeeping this rank ?
what unjust. That promotion was entirely unsolicited by me. I hope the Congress will attend to these observations, and I beg you would set them in the strongest point of view. I am, with respect, my General, , Providence, December
20tli,
1776.
set out for
My interpreter informed them of my sensibility of not knowing of the departure of General Lincoln, and that I had not yet taken a view of what I proposed. They answered with the same politeness as usual, that he desired me to see the place, and proposed to make the tour with me, and that he desired Mr. I'ennim to inform me of this.
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Boston, December 20, 1776.
Committee.
However,
I
was
not informed as to
what
I
proposed
;
they
The
Council have received your favour of the 18th instant, and, agreeable to your request, have given orders to the Commissary-General of this State to supply Mr. Josiah Draper with two hundred and fifty pick-axes, two hundred and fifty iron shovels, fifty narrow axes, and twenty crowbars. They will be charged to the State of Rhode-Island,
SIR:
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1325 for the use
that they
We
of the troops in your State. heartily wish be so employed as, if possible, to drive the
may
enemy from your State. In the name and behalf of Council, JAMES BOWDOIN.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
pects of accommodation,
it
is
1326
1776.
well
known, would
effectually
prevent foreign interference; and therefore, without one serious design of accommodating on any principles but the absolute submission of America, the delusive idea of conciliation has been industriously suggested on both sides the water, that, undercover of this dividing and aid-withholding have prospect, the vast British force sent to America
might
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL TO GENERAL LINCOLN. Boston, December 20, 177G.
The Board have
the fairest chance of succeeding. And this policy hath, in fact, done considerable injury to the United States, as we
received your letter of 18th instant, and the intrenching tools are sent forward, and I am directed by the Council to inform you that it is their opinion, that it is of the greatest importance to the United
shall presently
Stales of America, that you should immediately proceed with the troops destined to reinforce the Army near NewYork, to Dmiliury, in Connecticut, and order them to proceed from thence to such place as the commanding ofh'cer
passed for appointing Commissioners, who, too many exAs, therefore, the pected, were to give peace to America. war might be soon concluded, so were our military arrangements accommodated, and the troops taken into service the last spring, consisting of regular corps and bodies of Militia,
SIR:
direct.
may
To
War
WAR TO NATHANIEL
TRACY.
Boston, December 20th, 1776.
Office,
SIR The Board have been made acquainted that you have a quantity of linen, &tc., in your hands, and the reason they do not contract for the same is, Messrs. Livingston and Thornbull are sent from Congress to purchase all the linens, Not doubting &c., which can be spared for the Army. your publick spirit will induce your putting them as low as possible, the Board refer them to you, and are your most :
humble
servants.
By
order of the Board, S. P.
SAVAGE, Pres't p.
t.
Nathaniel Tracy, Esq.
MASSACHUSETTS BOAKD OF WAR TO JAMES RUSSELL.
War Office, Boston, SIR
:
The Board
of
War
of pork for the service of this
December 20th, 1776.
having occasion for a quantity State, and being informed that
is highly probable you would contract to supply them with some, do now request to know from you whether you would undertake the same, and for what quantity and for what price per pound, or per barrel of two hundred and it
twenty
pounds.
Your answer
soon as possible will
as
oblige us. By order of the Board, S. P.
SAVAGE, Pres't p.
coln,
in
for Jt
You know, gentlemen, that at the moment a potent land and marine force was preparing to be sent here, an act was
town from the Continental
His established sent as a reinforcement for two months. good character as a civilian at the Board of Council, actuated Colonel Crafts to meet him a few miles out of town, street,
on horseback, who in
imitation
of the
Romans, there to join the supreme Senate of the State. Last Sunday a number of prisoners (marines and sailors) arrived in town, from the interiour parts of this State and Connecticut, and on Monday set off for Marblehead, in
order to be exchanged for a number of our men, arrived in the cartel vessels there.
who
able to pierce no further than Crown-Point, after a short slay and reconnoitring General Gates's Army at Tycotideroga, thought proper to recross the lake, and leave us in General Gates having left quiet possession of those passes. a proper force at Ticonderoga and on the communication, retired with the rest of his troops.
New-York and its neighbourhood, not being defensible by an army singly against a strong land and sea force acting in conjunction, was of necessity yielded to the enemy, after some contest, General Watkington retiring, until the situation of the country above King's Bridge no longer enabled the enemy to receive aid from their ships. General Howe having stopped here, and General Carleton at Crown-Point, effectually disappointed the great object of joining the two The latter, as we have said, returning to Canada, armies. and the former retreating from the White-Plains towards New-York, gave us a favourable prospect of seeing a happy end put to this dangerous campaign. However, many causes have concurred in producing an unlucky reverse of fortune the nature of the country, the uncommon fineness of the weather, even to this day, and, above all, the short inlist.ments, which gave the soldiery an opportunity of oing home,
some of
New-York, the Honourable Major-General Linwho commanded the Militia of this State which were
officers
all engaged for short With these the camperiods. paign began in various parts of North-America. Dr. Franklin is so well acquainted with the progress of the war in Canada previous to his departure, that we need only observe, the campaign has ended as favourably for us in that quarter as we could reasonably expect. The enemy having been
were with the operations of an active summer. General Howe retreated from the White-Plains, he halted his whole Army on the North River, between Dobbs's Ferry and Kingsbridge, where he remained for
at
accompanied by many of his escorted him into Congress
campaign,
When
Boston, December 20, 1776.
Commodore Manly, in the Continental ship Hancock, thirty-two guns, is come round to Ncwbury-Port. Last Thursday arrived
just detail of this
tired as they
t.
James Russell, Esq.
camps
show by a
not yet ended.
were
General Lincoln, Providence.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF
is
lately
Having effected so little of the great business him here, and the season allowing time for it, most men were of opinion that the next attempt would be to get possession of Philadelphia, by a forced march through the Jerseys, whilst a fleet should be sent up the Delaware time.
that brought
To guard against such a mato facilitate the enterprise. noeuvre, General Washington crossed the North River, with all the battalions that had been raised to the northward of leaving General Lee, with the Eastern troops, to guard the pass of the Highlands, on Hudson's River. In this situation of things, Mr. Howe made a sudden attack upon Fort it,
Washington, with the greatest part of his Army, and carried Here he made near three thouit, with considerable loss. sand of our men prisoners. By this event it became unnecessary longer to hold Fort Lee, (or Fort Constitution, as it was formerly called,) which is on the west side of North It had thereRiver, nearly opposite to Fort Washington. fore been determined to abandon Fort Lee; but before the removed, the enemy came suddenly upon and the garrison retreated, leaving some of their baggage About this time General Howe became and stores behind. the agency of some wicked person, possessed of a letter (by who contrived to get it from the express) written by General Washington to the Board of War, in which he had given an exact account when the time of service of all our battalions would expire, and his apprehensions that the men would not reinlist without first going home to see their families and stores could be all
COMMITTEE OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO B. FRANKLIN, SILAS DEANE, AND ARTHUR LEE. Baltimore, in Maryland, December 21, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN:
After expressing our hopes
three safely fixed at Paris, we with pleasure to acknowledge the proceed receipt of Mr. Deane's letter of the 1st October. that this will find
When we
you
all
on the character and views of the Court ceases to be a wonder that the British Ambassador, and all other British agents, should employ every means that tended to prevent European Powers, but France of London,
more
reflect
it
especially, from giving
America
aid in this war.
Pros-
it,
Possessed of tins intelligence, the opportunity was friends. carefully watched, and a vigourous impression actually made at the very crisis when our Army in the Jerseys was reduced to three
thousand men, by the retiring of numbers and the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1327
Sic.,
how
DECEMBER,
sickness of others, and before Militia could, in this extensive
discern
Tin- enemy country, be brought up to supply their places. marched rapidly on through the Jerseys, whilst our feeble Army was obliged to retreat from post to post, until it crossed the Delaivare, at Trenton, where about two thousand five
independence, that
from the city of Philadelphia, joined the General. Since General Howes arrival on the borders of the Delaware, various manoeuvres and stratagems have been over the river, but they have practised to effect a passage
here, in
hundred
Militia,
General Washington's small Army is placed along the west side of Delaware, to within fourteen miles of above Coryelfs Ferry, which, with the Pfiil/nlclphia, from and other armed gondolas, one frigate of thirty-two guns, the above vessels in the river, chevaux-de-frise, cover ihe hitherto failed.
passage of it. General Lee, who has crossed the North River with as many of the Eastern troops as could be spared Irom the defence of the Highlands, (either to join General WashingIon or to act on the enemy's rear, as occasions might point other day surprised and made prisoner by a out.) was the who found him in an house a party of seventy Light-Horse, few miles in rear of his Army, with his domesticks only.
This loss, though great, will in some degree be repaired for the present by General Gates, who, we understand, has commanded by General Lee, and who, we joined the Army have reason to think, has by this time effected a junction of his force with that of
General Washington.
the Militia are marching from various quarters to reinforce the General, if the enemy do not quickly accomplish their wishes of possessing Philadelphia, we hope not only to save that city, but to see General Howe retreat as fast as
As
he advanced through the Jerseys. General Clinton, with a fleet in which
it is said he carried men, has gone from New-York, through the Sound, some suppose for Rhode-Island ; but neither his des-
eight thousand tination or
its
consequences are yet certainly known to
us.
all-important
it
1328
1776.
to the security of
is
France should enter the war
American as soon as
be ; and how necessary it is, if it be possible, to procure from her the line of battle-ships you were desired in your
may
for us; the speedy arrival of which present state of things, might decide the contest
instructions to obtain
at
tiie
one stroke.
We
shall pay proper attention to what Mr. Deane writes concerning Dr. Williamson and Mr. Hopkins, and we think the ill-treatment this country and Mr. Deane have received from these men, strongly suggest the necessity of invincible reserve with persons coming to France as Americans and friends to America, whom the most irrefragable proofs have not removed all doubt about. The British recall of their Mediterranean passes is an object of great consequence, and may require much intercession with the Court of France to prevent the mischiefs that may be derived to American commerce therefrom; but this subject has been already touched upon in your instructions on the sixth article of the treaty proposed to be made with France. As all affairs relative to the conduct of commerce and remittances pass through another department, we beg leave to refer you to the Secret Committee, and Mr.
Thomas Morris, their agent in France, for every information on those subjects. The neighbourhood of Philadelphia having, by the enemy's movements, become the seat of war, it was adjudged that Congress should adjourn to this town, where the publick business
tion
that
may
its
be attended with the undisturbed delibera-
importance demands.
The
Congress was
accordingly opened here on the 20th instant. As it is more than probable that the conference with
Lord Howe, on Staten-lsland, may be misrepresented to the injury of these States, we do ourselves the pleasure to enclose you an authentick account of the whole business, which the possibility of Dr. Franklin's not arriving renders This step was taken to unmask his Lordship, and proper.
Thus, gentlemen, we have given you a true detail of the evince to the world that he did not possess powers which, state of our affaire, which, although not progress and present for the purposes of delusion and division, had been suggestin so good a posture as they were two months ago, are by no means in so bad a way as the emissaries of the British ed. Mr. Deane's proposition of loan is accepted by Congress, Court will undoubtedly represent to them. If the great and they have desired two millions sterling be obtained if land and sea force with which we have been attacked be compared with the feeble state in which the commencement possible. The necessity of keeping up the credit of our of this war found us, with respect to military stores of all paper currency, and the variety of important uses that may be made of this money, have induced Congress to go so far kinds, soldiers' clothing, navy and regular force; and if the but the interest is heavy, and it is hoped infinite art be considered, with which Great Britain hath, as six per cent. endeavoured to prevent our getting these necessaries from that you may be able to do the business on much easier the wonder will terms. The resolves of Congress on this subject are enclosed, foreign parts, which has in part prevailed, and your earliest attention to them is desired, that we may rather be that our enemies have made so little progress, than know as soon as possible the event of this application. that they have made so much. Another resolve enclosed will show you, that Congress All views of accommodation with Great Britain, but on and in a manner approve of armed vessels being fitted out by you on Contiprinciples of peace, as independent States, with the treaties our Commissioners may nental account, provided the Court of -France dislike not the perfectly consistent make with foreign States, being totally at an end since the measure and blank commissions for this purpose will be sent you by next opportunity. Private ships of war, or declaration of independence and the embassy to the Court of France, Congress have directed the raising of ninety-four privateers, cannot be admitted where you are, because the securities necessary in such cases to prevent irregular pracbattalions of infantry with some cavalry. Thirteen frigates, from twenty-four to thirty-six guns, are already launched tices, cannot be given by the owners and commanders of and fitting; and two ships-of-tlie-line, with five more frigates, such privateers. are ordered to be put on the stocks. We hear the levies are Another resolve of Congress, which we have the honour ;
;
going on well is
in
the different States.
Until the
new Army
collected, the Militia must curb the enemy's progress. The very considerable force that Great Britain has
already in North-America, the possibility of recruiting it here within their own quarters by force and fraud together, added to the reinforcements that may be sent from Europe,
and the
difficulty
the present depressed conspire to prove, incon-
of finding funds
in
American commerce, all if France desires to preclude the possibility of North-America being ever reunited with Great Britain,
state of
testably, that
now
moment
for establishing the glory, greatness of the former kingdecided part now dom, by the ruin of her ancient rival. taken by the Court of Versailles, and a vigourous engageis
the favourable
strength,
and commercial
A
ment
in
North-America, would with and army of Great Britain, at this
to enclose you, directs the gard to Portugal,
We
have nothing further to add at present, but to request will omit no good opportunity of informing us how you succeed in your mission what events take place in Europe, by which these States may be affected and that that
you
;
;
you contrive to send to us, in regular succession, some of the best London, French, and Dutch newspapers, with any valuable political publications that may concern NorthAmerica. We have the honour to be, Sic., with great respect and esteem*, honourable gentlemen, your most obedient and very
humble
servants,
B. HARRISON, R. H. LEE,
the war, in union with
ease sacrifice the
fleet
time chiefly collected about
New-York.
The
inevitable
consequence would be, the quick reduction of the British Islands in the West-Indies, already bared of defence by the removal of their troops to this Continent.
For reasons herein
assigned, gentlemen,
you
will readily
conduct to be pursued with re-
P. S.
The American
J.
WITHERSPOON,
W. HOOPER.
captures of British vessels at sea
have not been less numerous or less valuable than before Dr. Franklin left us. The value of these captures have been estimated at two millions.
To B.
Franklin, S. Deane, and
A. Lee,
at
Pans.
'
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1329
GENERAL LEWIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
DECEMBER,
&ic.,
]330
1776.
fifth and sixth vessel almost I intend to ready for you. Baltimore, next Tuesday, to attend Mr. Lux's rope-walk for cables and other cordage. I shall take a Province boat
the
Williamsburg, December 21st, 177G.
SIR: Intelligence from some of the members of the honourable Continental Congress to their correspondents at this place, informing of the near approach of the enemy to Philadelphia, has occasioned me to give the part of the
with me, the
me.
If
finest in this
bay, to bring
you have any commands
that
Second Regiment that is raised, and those of the Seventh Regiment that are fit for duty, orders to hold themselves in readiness to march on the shortest notice. This step I thought
It
necessary, respecting orders (as my wish is) to join General Washington, if the honourable Congress should think our I send herewith a return assistance at this time necessary.
For the honourable Council of Safety.
of the above-mentioned regiments. sent off one hundred and
ments from
this
fifty
impossible to
There are likewise upwards of of General Washington. one hundred of the Eighth Regiment at Fredericksburg, who have orders to march to the northward as soon as they can be provided with some necessary clothing. I am, honourable sir, your most obedient and very hum-
ANDREW LEWIS,
Brigadier-General. Honourable John Hancock, President of Continental Congress.
Baltimore, the 21st December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: As
have not at present a First Lieutenant in my company, I would in the warmest terms recommend Mr. John McCabe, of Baltimore, to be by you appointed my First Lieutenant, as I know him to be an active good officer, and a man who has been exceedingly active in a military company in this town, and likewise know he has a good deal of raising the
DEAR
SIR:
By
enclosed resolves.
Clare,
December
To
21st, 1776.
direction of the Congress I send you the The last letters brings us a piece of in-
you to know. One Mr. Bevan, a person that may be depended on, who was taken by Captain Hammond, informed Mr. Morris that Hammond told him they were now determined to put a total stop to our trade, and for that purpose six frigates were to be stationed off Georgia and the Carolinas ; six off the Capes of Virginia, and six off Delaware. Their signals and their stations were fixed so as to form a complete line along the coast, and that they have determined to keep their This I fancy it will be stations during the whole winter. I difficult for them to do however, thought it necessary the Board should know their plan. I am, with most sincere respects to you all, dear sirs, your most humble servant, telligence that
it
may
be material
for
;
CHARLES CARROLL.
To
the Council of Safety of
Maryland. have not as yet seen here any of your Delegates. Questions of the greatest magnitude every day agitated and resolves entered into, and this State without a representative
I
interest, so as to
company.
enable him to
I therefore
hope you
complying you
will,
honourable
sirs,
command,
oblige your ready
Maryland.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO COMMITTEE OF FREDERICK, IN MARYLAND. Baltimore, December 21st, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
I
:
the 19th instant,
was duly honoured with your favour of which I immediately communicated to
who highly approve your zeal and activity for the promotion of the American cause. In consequence of your letter, the Congress passed the foregoing resolution, and by this opportunity I forward you the eighteen thousand dollars, which you will please to apply agreeable to the terms of the resolve, and will please also to transmit to General Washington a particular state of the Congress,
to the several Militia.
payments
In confidence that
you
will expedite the
march of the
add not, but that I am, with every sentiment of esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient, and very humble servant, Militia as early as possible, I
JOHN HANCOCK, Honourable Committee of Frederick,
or voice.
in
President.
Maryland.
ROBERT MORRIS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Philadelphia,
STEPHEN STEWARD TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. December the
GENTLEMEN
21st, 1776.
war
to
:
The anchor I now
pounds.
send him
large enough for full Captain that now goes to
There is but one knows what weight anchor
the anchor.
I
detained the boat
is full
suits
till
December
Slat, 1776.
SIR: Notwithstanding there are several British men-of-
Agreeable your order I have sent an anchor to Captain Martin, of six hundred and seventeen I have no anchor of eight hundred weight, which pounds. was the size he sent for. I have one of one thousand the brig.
me in me
FRETHICK DEMS.
the honourable the Council of Safety of
I
sea that
assist
will indulge
in this request.
By
Mount
on
CAPTAIN DEMS TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
servant to
CHARLES CARROLL TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
shall call
STEPHEN STEWARD.
to the regi-
men, belonging the immediate command
materials with I
am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
have some days since
I
now under
State,
I
way
Where am I to get guns for the galley? make the carriages without the guns.
you on Tuesday. is
down
them without seeing was stocked,
the anchor
as there might be some difficulty in getting it stocked in AnYou are now breaking into the materials I have napolis. for your little Navy, which I have spared no pains and have got almost every kind for them. It don't appear to me that I am like to be rewarded for my trouble. Whenever you want ship, brig, schooner or sloop, bought for the use of the State, the commission is given to some body
provided
cruising in our bay, the Continental sloop Independence,
commanded by Lieutenant Robinson,
has pushed through and got up here yesterday afternoon. There are on board eight hundred and fifty-six blankets, which were intended, with
many
others
now expected
in, for
the use of the nevr
inlistments; but the inclement weather and the severe duty the troops now under your command have to perform, induces me to think these blankets should be applied to their use.
act as
In this matter, however, you will please to judge and you see fit for 1 shall send them to the camp for your ;
orders so soon as the weather will permit them to be landed. There is also arrived in this sloop a quantity of cloths, which
to get,
I shall put into the hands of Mr. Mease, Commissary, to have made up immediately. There are also nine hundred and nineteen muskets on board. These, 1 suppose, you do and I will send them out of town, to the other not want
advantage more than myself. Since I have undertaken this business for you, I have been offered a commission from a Beighbouring O O State, a commission to buy three ships, which would been to me at least one hundred and fifty pounds in my way. The whole reason my not accepting of this commission was, I was emYou ployed by the Council of Safety for the Province. have employed three other yards to do your business in. Have any one of them turned you off on a single vessel but I have built, rebuilt, rigged, fitted, and been in all myself?
stores, unless
that perhaps don't merit the
'
the trouble for four fine vessels for you, without the assistance of a Captain's even provided men and provisions, and have
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL
III.
84
;
you
signify a desire for
any other application
of them.
have the pleasure to inform you that Mr. Deane, in his of the 30th September, received by this sloop, says he He expects to looks upon a French war as inevitable. furnish us with ample supplies for thirty thousand men, and a noble train of artillery, mortars, &c., so that, if you can but drive our enemies back to New- York for this winter, we may hope for much better things next spring than we have I
letter
experienced of late. I find my presence so necessary here in several departments, that I shall stay as long as I can with safety ; but
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1331
am possessed of publick papers that must never fall into the hands of the enemy, I should be glad of a line from you whenever you think it would be best for me to retire ;
&c.,
DECEMBER,
Captain Piddle
1776.
1332
more seamen than we ex-
as I
erable.
and
The Delaware is getting ready, and I have ordered pected. the Fly, Captain Warner, down the bay, to watch the enemy's ships, and bring us word if they should quit that sta-
if
you have any commands here,
in
which
I
can be ser-
will get
I have sent an express across the Jerseys to Captain Baldwin, of the Wasp, to cruise outside of them, to give notice to inward-bound ships; and have stationed the Hor-
Your several ready attention. to have hands, and through my passed despatches Congress I have informed them such things as have come to fully of
tion.
my
I knowledge respecting publick matters. Poor Lee, him exceedingly, and feel much for the publick loss in him. Should you hear any thing of the treatment he meets with, I should thank you or Mr. Tilghman for a line on that I fear he will meet with insupportable insults, and subject. if so, his situation must be worse than that of the damned.
net,
pity
not,) in Christecn Creek, to act in conjunction with a large galley of this State, in defence of that creek, as there are
viceable, be assured of
1
my
told to-day that you are preparing to cross into I hope it may be true, and promise myself
have been
the Jerseys.
You have my sincere from your expedition. joyful tidings would give me greater pleasprayers for success, as nothing ure than to hear of such occurrences as your exalted merit deserves.
have the honour to remain, your Excellency's most
I
obedient,
To
his
humble
servant,
ROBT. MORRIS.
Excellency General Washington.
Philadelphia,
December
21st, 1776.
ROBT. MORRIS. his
Excellency General Washington.
of Blankets. bales, containing 20 pieces, and each piece 22 blankets, - - - - make 440 180 bales, containing 45 do. containing 66 do. containing 125 do. containing Invoice
No.
5.
5
to 26,
5
1 to
22
8,
1
11,
3
13,
2 16
----------------
bales, containing in the
whole
-
-
856
Received, December 21st, 1776, of Willing, Morris, if Co., sixteen bales, marked and numbered as above, said to contain eight hundred and fifty -six blankets, which I promise General Washington, having the same.
enemy's
To
his
H(J(JH
p DEN
but could
ships.
There are a
large number of wagons in the city, and as General Hoive does not yet give up his plan of getting possession of it this winter. I will order a good part of the salt provisions now in the Commissary's care to be carried up to Lancaster, as we certainly ought to have inland magazines of provisions and of military stores; but I long to hear from you, that I may judge whether Congress approve of these things, which I have undertaken for the sake I
fear
my
country.
Mr. Smith is not yet returned, and am very sorry for it, as I do think a good deal of money might have been borrowed by this time. I am very fearful that this bad weather will sicken the Associators and break up our campaign, whatever may be its effect on the enemy. There are some prisoners on board the enemy's ships at our Capes, that have wrote to
me
in
which
Amongst the rest Captain the of Bermuda sloop, that carried Mr. Deane to Morgan, France, who was returning here with despatches and some I will goods, and was unfortunately taken near Cape May. send a letter for Captain Hammond, of the Roebuck, open, to Henry Fisher, at Lewis-Town, to be sent off by a flag, to procure their release.
I shall assure
him that we have
bers of masters, mates, and
suffered great
men, belonging
to
num-
merchant ships
taken by our cruisers, to depart without thinking of detaining them for an exchange, and recommend his releasing these people, or he will oblige us to alter that part of our conduct. As this is strictly true in a number of instances that have
come under my
notice, I
hope Congress
will
approve the
design. I am, with great regard and esteem, humble servant,
to see delivered to the order of
signed two receipts for
to get out
many valuable stores up it. 1 shall get the sloop Independence hove down, and some little damage she received at Chincoteague repaired, and then send her also to watch the
of serving
SIR: This attends the blankets mentioned in my letter of this date, and underneath is an account of the bales and their . contents, with the wagoner's receipt. I ever remain your Excellency's obedient servant,
To
Captain Nicholson, (who attempted
The Hon. John Hancock,
sir,
your obedient,
ROBT MQRRIS
Esq., President of Congress.
Excellency General Washington.
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE COMMISSIONERS ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read December
24, 1776.]
Philadelphia,
December
21, 1776.
New- York. 1 thought it prudent to open the letter, and know whether the business it respected could be done here, it
must be sent forward
;
and finding
it
must go
forward, and only detain him to make this apology, and to inform you that the sloop Independence, commanded by
Lieutenant Robinson, (Captain Young being left behind out from Chincoteague, where she first put in, sick,) pushed and notwithstanding she was chased by six of the enemy's cruisers at our Capes, she got safe up here, and is now landI have determined to send eight hundred ing the cargo. and fifty-six blankets that came in her, to General Washhim they were imported for the ington, and have informed but as the inclemency of the use of the new recruits weather and the exceeding severe duty of the troops now with him entitles them to every comfort we can afford, I submit to him whether to make use of them for their use or The cloths I will deliver to Mr. Mease, with orders to not. Nine hundred and have them made up fast as possible. nineteen muskets shall be delivered to Mr. Commissary Towers, to wait the orders of General Washington, or of the Board of War, and I hope one or other of them will send orders soon as possible. The Council of Safety want money, and have sent an I have borrowed sufficient for the express for a supply. Marine Department, although the disbursements are consid;
am now
the only member of Congress Mr. Walton, of Georgia, and Mr. ClyI mer, my colleague, still remain, which I am not sure of. cannot pretend to give you a regular detail of our manifold misfortunes, because my books and papers are all gone into But these unfortunate events the country, as is my family. commenced with the loss of Fort Washington, by the reduction of which, the enemy made about two thousand seven hundred prisoners, and at this critical time, they, by treachery, bribery, or accident, intercepted some despatches from General Washington to Congress, also some of the General's private letters, particularly one to Mr. Rutledge, in which he had fully laid open the unfortunate .situation he was then involved in, by the short Enlistments of our Army for the times of most of them expired on the 1st of December, and the rest on the 1st of January, when the whole army would leave him, as they had undergone great fatigue had suffered amazingly during the whole of the campaign by sickness and the approach of winter, added to an appearance of much suffering for want of clothes. All these things he stated fully, and the enemy became
GENTLEMEN:
I
in this city, unless
SIR: The express that carries you this letter has just called on me, saying that he came from the Convention of
or whether
IN FRANCE.
Philadelphia, 21st December, 1776.
;
;
possessed of a most authentick account of his real situation. determined to take advantage of it, and before Gene-
They
Washington had time to make any new arrangements Fort Lee, on the west side of the North River, to which he had crossed, with about eight thousand men, a large body of troops landed above, and another below him, so that he was near being enclosed with a force vastly superiour. In this situation, he had nothing left for him, but to retire directly off the neck of land, on which that fort stands, ral
at
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1333
leaving behind him considerable baggage and stores, with He retreated to most of our large cannon and mortars. Hackcnsack, and was there in hopes of making a stand,
fee.,
DECEMBER,
have the means of conveying themselves of
1334
1776.
intelligence,
and they
avail
it.
until the Militia
In this perplexing situation of things, the Congress were informed, this day week, that an advanced party of Hessians and Highlanders had taken possession of that ;
through the Jerseys to Trenton, and from thence they forced him across the Delaware, where he still remains, to oppose their passage across the river.
they were pushing for Cooper's Ferry, opposite the city, and it was There thought had the means of crossing the river. were no troops to oppose them our whole force, both by land and water, was above ; it was therefore deemed unsafe
Lord Cornwattis commanded the British forces in the they reached Brunswick, where General Howe joined them with reinforcements, and determined to
for Congress to remain here, and absolutely necessary that they should be in a place of safety, where they could deliberate coolly and freely wiihout interruption, and last Satur-
make his way to this city, without further loss of You may be sure the Militia of New- Jersey and this
day they adjourned to Baltimore, where they are now sitting. This city was, for ten days, the greatest scene of distress that you can conceive every body but Quakers were removing their families and effects, and now .it looks dismal and melancholy. The Quakers and their families pretty the other inhabitants are principally sick generally remain soldiers, some few effective ones, under General Putnam, who is come here to throw up lines, and prepare for the defence of the place, if General Washington should be forced to retreat hither. You may be sure I have my full share of trouble on this occasion, but having got my family and books removed to a place of safety, my mind is more at ease, and my time is now given up to the publick, although I have many thousand pounds' worth of effects here, without any
of the country should come to his assistance, but the vigilance of the enemy did not give him time for this. They pursued, and he retreated all the way
Jerseys, until
were called upon this
hour of
to turn out,
distress.
and defend
their
time.
State
country
in
Alas, our internal enemies had, by
various arts and means, frightened many, disaffected others, and caused a general languor to prevail over the minds of
almost
all
men, not before actually engaged
in
the war.
Many
are also exceedingly disaffected with the constitutions formed for their respective States, so that from one cause or other, no Jersey Militia turned out to oppose the march of an enemy through the heart of their country and it was with the utmost difficulty that the Associators of this city could be prevailed on to march against them. At length, however, it has been effected; they have been up with the General about two weeks, and the example is likely to produce its effect in the country, as they are now pretty generally on their march towards Trenton. During General Washington's retreat through the Jerseys, he wrote for General Lee, who was left to command on the east side of the North River, with about ten to eleven thousand men, most of whose inlistments are now expired, He obeyed the summons, and brought with or near it. him about three thousand men with whom he followed the enemy's rear, but was obliged to make slow marches, as his people were in great want of shoes, stockings, and other necessaries, which he was obliged to collect from the Tories After he had passed a in the neighbourhood of his route. he lodged at a called near Elizabethtown, Chatham, place Some treacherous villain gave notice to the farm house. enemy, and the General's ill fate, or some other cause I arn not acquainted with, delayed him there, until near ten o'clock on Friday morning, his army having marched, and their rear about three miles from him, when he was surwho made him prisprised by about seventy Light-Horse, This is an event much oner, and bore him off in triumph. I sincerely pity Lee, and feel for the loss to be lamented. my country sustains; his abilities had frequently been immensely useful the want of them will he severely felt. The command of this party devolved on General Sullivan, who continued his route, fell in with General Gates, with five hundred men, returning from the lakes, and both This junction is joined General Washington yesterday. what we have long impatiently wished for, but still I fear our force is not equal to the task before them, and unless ;
;
;
that task
sylvania,
is
say
Penn-
to drive the
enemy
performed, Philadelphia, nay,
must
fall.
The
task 1
mean,
is
I
may
out of New-Jersey, for at present they occupy Brunswick, Princeton, Trenton, Pennytown, Bordenton, Burlington, Morristown, Mount Holly, and Haddonfield, having their main body about Princeton, and strong detachments in all the other places, it is supposed with a design of attacking this city, whenever they can cross the Delaware on the ice, for they have only been kept from it by our sending up the
gondolas and bringing off or destroying all the boats along the Jersey shore. You will think the enemy are now in a situation for us to attack their scattered parties, and cut them off. This we think too, and are preparing to do it, but it will be a work
of extreme
difficulty
to
get at
them
;
we can
they have excellent
Burlington
;
;
;
prospect of saving them. are told the British troops are kept from plunder ; but the Hessians and other foreigners, looking upon that as the right of war, plunder wherever they go, from both Whigs
We
and Tories, without distinction, and horrid devastations they have made on Long-Island, New-York Island, WhitePlains, and New-Jersey, being the only parts they have yet set foot on. Should they get this fine city, they will be satiated, if the ruin of thousands of worthy citizens can satisfy their avarice.
This
is
not the only part of the Continent that
now
feels
the weight of their resentment. General Clinton, with from three to six thousand men, has invaded Rhode-Island, and it is said has taken Whether he will make possession of it.
any attempt on the main, during this severe, inclement seaknow, but if he does, I hope he may find cause
son, I do not to repent it.
to this gloomy picture one circumstance, more than all the rest, because it threatens instant and distressing total ruin to the American cause, unless some radical cure is I
must add
applied, and that speedily
;
I
mean
the depreciation of the
The enormous pay of our Army, Continental currency. the immense expenses at which they are supplied with provisions, clothing, and other necessaries, and, in short, the extravagance that has prevailed in most departments of the publick service, have called forth prodigious emissions of paper money, both Continental and Colonial. Our internal
enemies, who, alas are numerous and rich, have always been undermining its value by various artifices, and now that our distresses are wrought to a pitch by the success and near !
approach of the enemy, they speak plainer, and many perThose that do reemptorily refuse to take it at any rate. ceive it, do it with fear and trembling and you may judge of its value, even amongst those, when I tell you that 250 Continental money, or 666 2-3 dollars, is given for a bill of ;
exchange of 100 sterling, sixteen dollars for a half-johannes, two paper dollars for one of silver, three dollars for a pair of shoes, twelve dollars for a hat, and so on ; a common labourer asks two dollars a day for his work, and idles half his time.
All this amounts to real depreciation of the money. The war must be carried on at an expense proportioned to this value, which must inevitably call for immense emissions, and, This can of course, still further depreciations must ensue. the money now in circuonly be prevented by borrowing in The attempt is made, and I hope will succeed by lation.
subscribe a declaration, that they will not hereafter bear arms against the King's troops, nor encourage others to do
The present troubles interrupt those measloan or lottery. ures here, and as yet I am not informed how they go on in other States, but something more is necessary ; force must be inevitably employed, and I dread to see that day. have already calamities sufficient for any country, and the measure will be full when one part of the American people
This has had a wonderful effect, and all Jersey, or far the greater part of it, is supposed to have made their submission, and subscribed the declaration required ; those who
at the same time that they is obliged to dragoon another, are opposing a most powerful external foe. For my part, I see but two chances for relief; one is from
intelligence of all our motions;
hardly
come
at
any
certainty about theirs, for Lord Howe and General Howe issued a proclamation on the 30th of November, offering pardon to all who should submit within sixty days, and
it.
do
so,
of course become our most inveterate enemies; they
We
you.
If the
Court of France open
their eyes to their
own
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1335
and think the commerce of North-America will compensate them for the expense and evil of a war with Britain, they may readily create a diversion, and afford us but they must succours that will change the fate of affairs do it soon our situation is critical, and does not admit of I do not mean by this that instant submission must delay. ensue if they do not directly afford us relief; but there is a will derive from a great difference between the benefits they commercial connection with this country, in full health and after it is exvigour, and what they can possibly expect, interest,
;
;
hausted by repeated efforts during the precarious process of a tedious war, during which its cities will be destroyed, the reduced in numbers, pluncountry ravaged, the inhabitants and unable to reap the luxuriant dered of their property,
Neither can they, in the world. negotiation, expect that vigorous assistance from us in prosecuting the war that they may be If they join us assured of if they join us in its infancy. without attempting generously in the day of our distress,
produce of the
finest soil in
after a tedious delay
undue advantages because we are
so, they will find a grateful and interest with unabapeople to promote their future glory and from zeal ; ting my knowledge of the commerce of this with country Europe, I dare assert, that whatever European the preemption of it, must of consequence Power
possesses But should richest and most potent in Europe. time be lost in tedious negotiations, and succours be withheld,
become the
America must sue
for
peace from her oppressors.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1336
At this place, we have four very fine ships. One of them, the Randolph, Captain Biddle, of twenty-six twelve-pounders, will, I hope, go to sea in company with this letter; another, the Delmvare, Captain Alexander, is getting ready, and I hope will get out this winter. The other two want
guns, anchors, and men. At Baltimore, is a fine frigate,
now
only waiting for an
anchor and men. Besides these, we have in service, the Alfred, Columbus, and Reprisal, ships from sixteen to twenty-four guns, the brigantines Cabot, Camden, Andrew Doria, and Lexington,
of twelve to sixteen guns; Fly, Independence, Sachem; and Georgia Packet, all in had great success in taking
the sloops Providence, Hornet, and schooners tVasp, Musquito, actual service; and they have
valuable prizes, as indeed have numbers of privateers from all parts o{ America. We have besides, two very fine row-galleys, built here, of ninety feet keel, but they are not yet rigged; and it lias lately been determined by Congress to build some line-of-battle ships, and at all events to push forward and pay the utmost attention to an American Navy. The greatest encouragement is given to seamen, which Their pay ought to be made known throughout Europe. in our Navy is ei^ht dollars per month, with the best chance for prize money that men ever had, and liberty of discharges after every cruise, if In the merchant serthey choose it. vice they now get from thirty to forty dollars per month; this leads me to the state of our commerce.
Our people knew not the hardships and calamities of war when they so boldly dared Britain, to arms. Every man
and
was then a bold patriot, felt himself equal to the contest, and seemed to wish for an opportunity of evincing his prowwhen death and ess but now, when we are fairly engaged
that they mind little else. However, there ation of produce from thence, and as to
;
and when nothing but the most can rescue us from contempt and disgrace, sorry am I to say it, many of those who were foremost in noise, shrink, coward-like, from the danger, and are begging ruin stare us in the face, intrepid courage
pardon without striking a blow. eral; but dejection of spirits is
This, however, is not genan epidemical disease, and
some
fortunate event or other gives a turn to the disin time it order, may prevail throughout the community. No event would give that turn so soon as a declaration of
unless
part of France against Great Britain ; and I they lose this golden opportunity, they will never
war on the
am
sure
if
have such another. be surprised that we have not made Navy, because you are unacquainted with the many difficulties and causes of delay that have enThe want of sea-coal for our anchor-smiths countered us. has been a great bar to our progress, the disappointment in our first attempts to cast cannon has been another, but above all, we have been hindered by the constant calling out of our Militia, in a manner that did not admit of the necessary You will wonder at this; it tradesmen being exempted. would be a long story to unfold the reasons, therefore suffice that it is so. Doctor Franklin can inform you of many par-
You
will doubtless
better progress with our
ticulars respecting the Flying-Camp; therefore, I shall give you the present state of our Navy, according to the best of
my
knowledge
The
frigate
at this time. in
New-Hampshire
is
a very fine ship, com-
pleted in every particular, except the want of cannon, which was to have been cast in Rhode-Island, but the spirit of pri-
vateering has prevailed so eminently there, that they have it, both publick and private,
sacrificed every other pursuit to
as
am
I
informed
;
and we have ordered the guns cast
Connecticut for that frigate to be sent to Portsmouth. soon as they arrive, the Raleigh will be manned, and
in
As sail
on a cruise. also
two
of twenty-four guns, I expect
fine frigates.
The
Boston,
com-
at sea before this time, a very clever officer.
is
manded by Captain McNeil,
The
commanded by Captain Manly.
is
nearly ready, In Rhode-Island were built the
when we
last
produce of New-Jersey
heard from them; so that
*
I
hope they are now
some export-
will
be totally consumed by their
In this State, (Pennsylvania,) we had last season the worst crop of wheat ever known, both as to
army and
ours.
This being our staple commodity, quantity and quality. and stores prohibited, our merchants have been led to purchase much tobacco in Maryland and Virginia, and their ships are
employed
in
the export of this article, with
beeswax, &c.
some
We
have a good many imbut as fast as arrive, ports, goods they are bought up for the Army, or for the use of neighbouring States, and therefore flour, boards,
continue to bear high prices. The value of ships has risen in the same enormous proportion with every thing else, and ships that were deemed
1,000 twelve months ago, now sell for 3,000, or Every article belonging to them is also excessively dear, and hard to be got, and the insolence and diffiworth
upwards.
culty of seamen
is
beyond bearing.
In
Maryland, Virginia,
South- Carolina, and Georgia, they have plenty of valuable produce on hand, but no ships to carry it away, and constant cruisers all along the coast make it very dangerous to send ships from one port to another; so that look which way you in the land will, you find us surrounded with difficulties service, in the sea service, and in our commerce. Agriculture and mechanicks have their impediments, by the inlisting of soldiers, and frequent calls on the Militia. In short, nothing but the most arduous exertions, and virtuous conduct in the leaders, seconded by a spirited behaviour in the Army, and a patient endurance of hardships by the people in general, can long support the contest; therefore the Court of France should strike at once, as they will reap an immediate harvest. They may sell their manufactures for
any price they please rice,
to ask;
they will get
indigo, deer-skins, furs,
wheat,
in
payment
flour,
iron,
beeswax, lumber, fish, oil, whalebone, pot and pearl ashes, and various other articles, and, if they please, here is an ample field to employ their shipping, and raise seamen for their
two worst frigates, as I O have been informed by those that have seen the whole. These two are completely fitted, and were partly manned
is
imports, they are the best supplied of any part of America, having been surNeiv-York being in the prisingly successful in captures. hands of the enemy, we have nothing to say to it; and the
tobacco,
At Boston they have
other
In the Eastern States they are so intent on privateering
I
Navy. will
gress, but
not enter into any detail of our conduct in Conyou may depend on this, that so long as that
respectable body persist in the attempt to execute, as well as to deliberate on their business, it never will be done as it
ought, and
In Connecticut, the frigate is said to be a fine ship; but she cannot get to sea this winter for want of cordage and
this has been urged many and many a time, by myself and others, but some of them do not like to part with power, or to pay others for doing what they cannot do them-
other stores.
selves.
at sea.
In
the
New-York, two very
enemy, and hauled
frigates are blocked into Esopus Creek for safety. fine
up by
have Mr. Deane's favour of the 30th of September, to The letter by the same conveymyself, now before me. I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1337
ance from Martinico, under cover of Mr. Bingham's,\ sent to the Committee at Baltimore, and wrote them my mind on the justice of your complaints, for want of intelliYou know well I had often told it to them before. gence. I was not put in that Committee to carry on the correspondHowever, 1 have ence, but to find out the conveyances. been obliged to write all the letters that have been written for some time past, but as Colonel Lee, Mr. Hooper, and the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon are now added to the Committee, I shall excuse myself from that task, although 1 have thought
down
proper to give you a just state of our affairs at this time, because I do not suppose the Committee will be got fairly together in Baltimore yet, and when they do, it is probable they may not be fond of laying things before you so fully as I have done. Some of us are of very sanguine complexions, and are too apt to flatter ourselves that things are not so bad as they appear to be, or that they will soon mend, it
Now my
Sic.
notion
sioners, should be fairly
of
affairs,
that
is,
gentlemen Commis-
that you,
and
you may
fully informed of the true state make a proper use of that knowl-
edge, keeping secret what ought to be so, and promulgating what should be known.
Doctor Franklin will see this letter, for whose safe arrival my best wishes have often gone forth and I embrace this opportunity of assuring him of the high respect and esteem I also beg my compliments to Mr. I entertain for him. Lee, if he is with you tell him I have the commission, in which he is nominated, ready to send, but it is gone into the country with my papers, or 1 would send it by this con;
;
My own
veyance.
after the departure am obliged to set
affairs
necessarily detained rne here it is well I staid, as I
of Congress, and
many things right, that would otherwise the greatest confusion. Indeed, I find my presence so very necessary, that I shall remain here until the enemy be
in
me away. have the honour
drive I
ROBEHT MORRIS.
to be, Sic.,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL M'DOUGALL. Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 21st December, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: I am this evening favoured with yours of the 19th, from Chatham. I not only approve of the disposition you made of the three regiments under Colonel Vose, because I think it was a very judicious one, -but I had, previous to the receipt of your letter, determined upon exactly the same plan, and had sent orders to Colonel Vose to halt that he might afford protection to the wellaffected in that neighbourhood, and give spirits to the Mili-
at
Morris-Town,
tia.
If
you
active part
prejudice to
find your health such that you cannot take an where you are, or stay there without further it, I would have you return to Peeks-Kill, and
there, in conjunction with General George Clinton, take charge of that department, as I have ordered General Heath to join me with as many of the Connecticut and Massachusetts Militia as can be spared. I think, with you, that though your state of health may require a resignation, that this is not a proper time to make
our enemies would probably attribute it to the late unfavourable aspect of our affairs, and therefore I would advise it;
whether a little rest might not contribute to the you cure of a disorder which is generally brought on by colds and fatigue. to try
I
To
am, dear
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON.
yours, fee.,
Sic.,
1776.
1338
moving from Brunswick, and that quarter, towards Trenton, Delaware in other parts, endeavour, if it can be attempted with a probability of success, to fall upon their rear, and, if nothing more can be done, annoy them in their march. Every piece of intelligence which you may think of importance for me to know, communicate it without loss of time. Keep up the spirits of the Militia as much as or the
and use your influence with the Eastern regiments in service after the term for which they stand engaged expires. If in this you should fail, still keep the Militia together, and render what service you can with them prevent all you can from joining the enemy, and receiving protections from them, which, from experience, have been (bund to afford no relief from the rapacious, plundering, ravpossible,
to
continue
;
ishing soldier.
Give
every encouragement and aid to the recruiting service; let all those who are engaged in that business, above the road leading from Trenton to Brunswick, make your Head-Quarters their place of rendezvous; and that men
be raised as soon as possible, besides the officers appointed by the State of New- Jersey for the established regiments, if you can meet with active, sprightly men, who you think could raise companies, and are fit to command them after-
may
wards, you may authorize them to engage men upon the same terms and for the same time the Continental regiments are raised but then I cannot agree to take them into pay, ;
or be at any expense, till they have got at least fifty privates, besides non-commissioned officers, inlisted. When this pens, and a certificate of
produced to be drawn, and the pay of
bounty shall
it
hapfrom you, the
me
officers
and men
commence.
To encourage the Captains in this business, they shall have the nominating of their own subalterns, subject, however, to my negative, if I find they have made an improper choice, from local attachments and connections rather than publick good. They will be allowed a dollar and one-third for every recruit for whom certificates are obtained. Fix with the Commissary and Quartermaster upon the modes of supplying your troops with provisions and necessaries before you go. Given
at
Head-Quarters,
in
Bucks County,
of December, 1776.
To
at
1776
in this
quarter.
Head-Quarters, Bucks County,
'
this
21st
Decem-
Go. WASHINGTON.
ORDERS TO BRIGADIER-GENERAL MAXWELL. SIR:
Having countermanded the march of the three
Eastern regiments under the nel Vose, and directed them
command
Morris-Town, in the Jerseys, where I am informed that Colonel Ford, at the head of a body of Militia, has taken post; you are to repair immediately to that place, and take upon you the command, not only of the above regiments, but of the Militia also, and therewith to give all the protection you can to the country, and distress to the enemy, by harassing of them in their quarters, and cutting off their convoys. to halt at
You
are to be extremely vigilant and watchful to guard and to use every means in your power to surprises, against obtain a knowledge of the enemy's numbers, situations, and designs.
If at any time
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 21st December, 1776.
of Lieutenant-Colo-
you should discover
that they are
am
honoured with your favours of the 7th and The first chiefly relates to your wishes that the troops of the State of Connecticut, whose time entreaties and promexpires on the first of January, may, by ises of reward, be induced to stay beyond their term. Past convinced us that troops, at the experience has repeatedly most favourable season of the year, and well supplied with necessary, cannot be prevailed upon to stay a day
SIR:
12th of
I
this instant.
every for. If that has been the longer than what they engage case under the circumstances I have mentioned, it cannot be expected that men worn out with a fatiguing campaign, and in want of even necessary clothing, at the mo.it inclement
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1339
season of the year, will or can stay beyond their engagement. Indeed, except they would inlist anew, or consent to stay a considerable time, I think they had better go home as fast as possible; for thereby they will have time to
have refreshed themselves; and when they have forgot their time enough to take fatigue, they will probably inlist again the field
in
in
have
I
the spring.
felt for
all that you express have done all in my power to Colonel Miles procured a supply
our unhappy prisoners
yours of the 12th, and
alleviate their distresses.
I
of eight thousand dollars from Congress, to be laid out in necessaries for them, which I hope would afford them some relief in that respect; but whether General Howe can accommodate them better in point of room, 1 will not deterTo be sure he cannot safely trust them abroad in a mine. I have taken possession of. country which he has but just that were in the already sent in all or most of the prisoners States of Pennsylvania, Jersey, and Maryland, and made a demand of such officers in exchange as I thought were best entitled to a preference, beginning with those taken at Qi/eBut Genbeck under Generals Montgomery and Arnold.
eral
Howe, without paying any
regard to
request, sent
my
out such as best pleased him, or who made the most urgent I have remonstrated sharply upon this head, application.
General Hoioe, in express terms, that unless he send out such only as I name, I will not send I have reany more of his prisoners in ; but to this letter ceived no answer. However, that we may lose no time in getting a total exchange carried into execution, I would recommend it to
and
told
will agree to
you to send all those in your State immediately to the commanding officer of the British troops at Rhode-Island; and ranks of the officers, taking lists of the names, corps, and number of the privates, which lists must be certified and signed by the eldest prisoner officer, and sent in by him; one of these lists to be immediately after transmitted to me, that I may make a demand of an equal number, and a line should be wrote by you, or some person deputed by not to send any of our you, to General Howe, desiring him people out
When
in
exchange for them till I make a upon what our situation in
requisition.
this quarter ten days from this time, I am almost led to deAs I said before, 1 cannot count upon those troops spair. whose time is to expire on the first of January. I am then left with a few Southern regiments, almost reduced to nothsickness and fatigue, to oppose the main body of
will
be
I reflect
in
DECEMBER,
&c.,
1776.
1340
am happy
that most of the stock had been removed, and wish the cannon could have also been brought awav, our want of them being great by reason of our late losses. Not-
withstanding this descent, and the intelligence of more ships going down the Sound, 1 cannot persuade myself that the enemy will attempt any thing capital upon the main ; they will most But if probably confine themselves to the island. they have other views, I trust that the succours from the two neighbouring States, with your own force, will be able to baffle their most vigorous efforts and prevent the progress of their arms. It would give me infinite pleasure if the situation of our affairs in this quarter would allow me to afford you the assistance 1 could wish but it will not. All ;
in
my power to do,
I
have done.
Upon the
first
intelligence
was going down the Sound with troops on board, I wrote to Generals Spencer and Arnold to repair to the eastward, and to pursue such measures as circumstances should seem to require. My letter to General Arnold did that a fleet
not get to hand, owing to the uncertainty of his route, till he had almost reached this. He sets out to-morrow morning,
and
doubt not these two gentlemen
I
will render you many In respect to the other aid, I cannot give Delaware now divides our small force from
essential services.
The
you.
General Howe's Army, a large part of which is cantoned in the neighbouring towns, which, from appearances and many is
concurring reports, As soon as the ice
Howe's
is
only waiting an opportunity to pass. formed they will try to effect it. Gen-
beyond all question, is to possess Philacould heartily wish there was not too much grounds for some disagreeable apprehensions on that head. Without more vigourous exertions on the part of the people than what have appeared of late, I see but little to prevent
eral
object,
delphia; and
1
him from accomplishing his purposes. In the course of a few days, the last of this month, the force I now have, by no means equal to his, will, by the impolicy and fatal system of short inlistmeuts, be reduced to a mere handful, unless the Militia can be prevailed on to give their aid. As yet but very few, those of the city excepted, have got in motion, notwithstanding the most pressing solicitations, and apparent intentions of the enemy to invade their State and seize their How things will turn out, the event must detercapital.
mine at present the prospect is gloomy. I have the honour to be, &c., ^ Go. WASHINGTON. ;
w
To
Governour Cooke, Rhode-Island.
ing by
General Howe's Army, laying close upon my front, and most assuredly waiting for the dissolution of our Army to make as easy a conquest of the Province of Pennsylvania I do not find the Militia of as they have done of Jersey.
Pennsylvania inclined to give me as much assistance as they are able to do, were they willing though I am endeavour;
and am making use ing to bring them out by every means, I shall of both threats and persuasions to gain my end. as fast as they can be collected, armed, and accoutred but much cannot be If the four regiexpected from that source for some time. ments of Militia from your State, and the six thousand men
draw the new-inlisted troops together ;
ordered in by the State of Massachusetts, should arrive at Peekskill, General Heath will have a much larger body of and in'-n than he will have any occasion for at that place I had determined that they should cover the upper parts of ;
Jersey
;
but under
my
present difficulties,
I
shall
order as
can be spared to proceed this far. The necessity many of the times must plead my excuse for calling men so far from home, and at this season of the year, who have an enemy just landed upon their own coasts, and have not even as
a Continental regiment to undertake this cheerfully,
assist
them
when they
;
but I trust they will
they cannot insure that liberty which they have so nobly contended for, while our common enemy maintains any looting upon
any I
To
reflect that
part of this Continent.
have the honour to be, &c.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Governour Tnunbull, Connecticut.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GOVERNOUU COOKE. Camp SIR: instant.
I
above Trenton Fulls, December 21st,
177fi.
have been honoured with your favour of the 8th The loss of Rhode-Island gives me much concern,
though an event that could not be well guarded against.
I
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY. Camp SIR
:
I
much
have been honoured with your favour of the 8th
The
instant.
above Trenton Falls, December the 21st, 1776.
loss
of the island of Rhode- Island gives
me
though an event that could not be well I am happy that most of the stock had guarded against. been removed, and wish the cannon had been also brought away, our want of 'em, by reason of our great losses, being Notwithstanding this descent, and the intelligence of great. concern,
more ships going down the Sound, I incline to think the enemy will not attempt any thing capital upon the main
;
they
most probably confine themselves to the island. they have other views, I trust that the succours from the
will
But if two neighbouring
States, with your own force, will be able to them, or prevent the progress of their arms, their most It would give me infinite pleasure if the vigourous efforts. situation of our affairs in this quarter would allow me to All afford you the assistance I could wish, but it will not. in my power to do, I have done. Upon the first intelligence that a fleet was going down the Sound with troops on board, I wrote to Generals Spencer and Arnold to repair to the eastward, and to pursue such measures as circumstances should seem to require. My letter to General Arnold did not get to hand, owing to the uncertainty of his route, till He sets out to-morrow mornhe had almost reached this. will render you ing, and I doubt not these two gentlemen aid I cannot give you. The Other essential services. many Delaware now only divides our small force from a large part of General Howe's Army, cantoned in the neighbouring towns, and which, from appearances and many concurring to pass. As soon as reports, is only waiting an opportunity General Howe's the ice is formed they will try to effect it. to possess Philadelphia ; and I object, beyond all doubt, is baffle
heartily wish there
was not
too
much ground
for
some
dis-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1341
Without more vigagreeable apprehensions on that head. ourous exertions on the part of the people than what have appeared of late, I see but little to prevent him from accomIn the course of a few days, the last plishing his purposes. of this month, the force I now have, by no means equal to his, will, by the impolicy and fatal system of short inlistments, be reduced to a mere handful, unless the Militia can
As yet but very few, to give their aid. those of the city excepted, (and who have turned out in a the spirited manner,) have got in motion, notwithstanding most pressing solicitations, and apparent intention of the enemy to invade their State and seize their capital. How be prevailed on
event must determine
things will turn out, the
the prospect
is
at
;
present
gloomy.
The distresses of our prisoners in the hands their sufferings, by give me much concern ;
of the all
enemy
accounts,
Ever since a cartel was settled between General Howe and myself, I have been endeavouring to effect an exchange as far as circumstances would admit of; are very great.
but
my
attempts on
head have been attended with but
this
For the
success.
little
prisoners belonging to the British sent in from Jersey, PennsylvaGeneral Howe, or rather his Commis-
Army, and who have been nia,
and Maryland,
to sary, has undertaken, of his mere motion, and contrary my express requisition, to return a number belonging to us who were not called for, and whose releasement should have been postponed till after that of many others. I have wrote
General
to
that
none
That I
this
Howe upon
the subject, and presume in future
be sent out but those who are named by me. business may not remain an object of further delay, will
would take the
liberty of
that
recommending
all
the pris-
oners in your State be immediately sent in to the commanding officer of the British troops on Rhode-Island, taking
two exact lists of the names, corps, and ranks of the officers, and the number of privates, signed by the officer of the highest rank, one to be sent in with him, accompanied by a line to General Howe, that the particular prisoners belonging to us, and to be received in exchange, will be required by me. The other list you will transmit me immediately, that I
may make I
the requisition.
have the honour
to
be, with
most obedient servant,
To
much
respect,
sir,
your
GQ WASHINGTON
.
the General Court of Massachusetts-Bay. [The same to the New-Hampshire Convention.]
Time
will not
funds.
We have a formidable enemy to oppose, whose progress can only be checked by a superiour force; and however disagreeable the reflections, this is a serious truth, that the present existence of the civil depends upon the military I am no advocate for the extensions of military power.
power; neither would
December
conviction of
in
;
expire; very few inlisted upon the new establishment; the tide of publick sentiment at a stand, and ready to run through different channels; the
people refusing to supply the Army, under various pretences, but evidently from a disaffection to the cause and to the currency, are combined evils, calculated to pave the way for General Howe's advances; who, having cantoned his troops advantageously, stands prepared
advantage of those circumstances which,
him but too favourable a
I
am
sorry ne-
It is
prospect.
cessary, in addition to this disagreeable train of evils, that the different corps of officers who are discontented and unsatisfied, either from a real or supposed injury in their appointments from the different States, should be reconciled,
may go on with spirit, that there should be an augmentation of our force and a larger train of artillery. that recruiting
Effectually to
remedy those
evils,
and oppose the enemy;
to put the recruiting service in a favourable train
;
to estab-
the artillery and elaboratory upon a proper footing; to disaffected, and call out assistance; to give a currency to the Continental money, and form the neceslish
check the
sary magazines, greater powers must be lodged in the hands of the General than he has ever yet exercised. It is impossible, in his present situation, and the short time he has to prepare for the ensuing campaign, for him to be in readiness
so early as General
egate to him
full
Howe
power
advise
it
at
the present, but from
member
its
the policy of the
from the deliberative councils of legislative bodies. virtue of the people, at such an hour, is not to be trusted and I can assure you that the General will not exrelief
The
;
ceed his powers, although he may sacrifice the cause. There never was a man that might be more safely trusted, nor a time when there was a louder call. If you intend to support your independence, you must not be too delicate in the choice of means. Examples are daily made by General Howe, of our friends who fall in his way, while those who are disaffected to our cause are suffered to remain in peace and quiet amongst us. Many who are now well affected will be induced, from the risk and danger on the one side, and the apparent security A discretionary on the other, to change their sentiments.
power to punish the disaffected is necessary. The Militia have refused to turn out, when there has been the greatest want of their assistance, and nothing but such a power can ever compel them. If the refusal of the Continental money, and the withholding of the necessary supplies from the Army, for want of such a power in the General, are to pass unfurnished, the one will put it out of our power to pay, and the other to support, the troops, and consequently must lay the all
am, with due
oppositions. respect,
your most obedient, humble
vant >
ser-
NATH. GREENE.
21st, 1776.
the heart of the country the disaffected ; daily increasing the Continental money losing its currency ; the time for which the troops stand engaged almost ready to
to say, afford
1
Rebeing absolutely necessary. Romans, a people as tenacious of their liberties as any on earth. When their State was invaded, they delegated furl powers to exert their whole forces. The state of war is so uncertain, dependent upon so many contingencies, a day, nay, an hour, is so important in the crisis of publick affairs, that it would be folly to wait for fullest
GENERAL GREENE TO GOVERNOUR COOKE.
SIR: Although I am far from thinking the American cause desperate, yet I conceive it to be in a critical situation.
to take
admit nor circumstances allow of a reference
26th.]
Corell's Ferry,
The enemy
1342
1776.
I can see no evil nor danger to the States in delegating such powers to the General, reserving to yourselves the right of confirming or repealing the measures. The General should have power to appoint officers to inlist at large. This is no time to be particular about proportions, or attentive to economy. The measure of our force should be the extent of our
foundations of
GENERAL GREENE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
DECEMBER,
to Congress.
I
[Read
&tc.,
will
to take
take the
field,
December
21st, 1776.
SIR: By your letter to General Washington, I find the British troops have landed on Rhode-Island. Although I am sorry my own country should be subject to their rava people who ages, yet I rejoice that they are surrounded by You may are united, and firmly determined in opposition. be subject to a partial evil, but America cannot fail to reap You think you are greatly infested with the advantage. Tories and disaffected, but there is but the shadow of disaffection with
you
to
what there
is
here.
The
Friends, or
Qua-
kers, are almost to a man disaffected. Many have the This line of to refuse the Continental currency. effrontery
conduct cannot fail of drawing down the resentment of the people upon them. The fright and disaffection was so great and odd in the Jerseys, that in our retreat of one hundred miles, we were never joined by more than a hundred men. I dare say, had that Army been in New-England, we should not have been under the necessity of retreating twenty miles. We are now on the west side of the Delaware, our force, though small, collected together; but small as it is, I hope Should fortune to give the enemy a stroke in a few days. favour the attack, perhaps it may put a stop to General Howe's progress. His ravages in the Jerseys exceed all deMen slaughtered women ravished mothers and scription. and sons, daughters ravished in presence of the husbands ;
who were
;
brutal conduct. obliged to be spectators to their
you del-
I thereby, notwithstanding the general disaffection of a cerShould that be will fill up. tain order of people, the the case, nothing is to be feared.
may find new Army.
a vessel just arrived from France, with a valuable Short inlistis inevitable. cargo, we learn a French war
unless
such measures as he
necessary to promote the establishment of the
Coryell's Ferry,
DEAK
Army
By
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1343
a great measure, the source of all the but labour under, though, thank God The Congress, in the few to what we at first expected. be brought to believe many infancy of politicks, could not to serious truths. By attending speculative principles rather than real life, their maxims in war have been founded in However, experience ripens judgment, and enables folly. us to correct an errour in business that at first we could
ments has been, misfortunes that
in
we
!
many
not conceive of; and I don't doubt the Congress in time will be as able politicians in military matters as they are. in
DECEMBER,
fee.,
1344
1776.
such a one can be found. People here are extremely of the inhabitants at Trenton betraying them. I have delivered your Excellency's message (communicated to me by Colonel Cary) to the officers and men within rny department, and hope it will have the desired effect. it,
if
fearful
Captain Anderson, with
party, returned
his
yesterday,
man taken, and two or three The snow hastened his return.
with the loss of one
Nothing material. I have the honour
missing.
your Excellency's most obedient
to be,
PHILEMON DICKINSON.
civil
government. The Eastern Delegates made application to General but the GenWashington for me to come to Rhode-Island, He thinks more is to be trusted to eral would not consent.
His Excellency General Washington.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
the virtue of your people than to the force of this country. As the enemy have got possession of Rhode-Island, and done all the mischief they can, it will not be bad policy
To attempt any in quiet until spring. are sure of success, will against them, unless you 'Tis an endless task to manoeuvre.
them remain
to let
be a very dangerous You must drive back the attempt to cover all the country. stock from the shores, and make a disposition to cover capital By too great a division of your force, you'll be inca-
objects.
whenever they pable of making any considerable opposition may think proper to make a descent. But it is my opinion will for, from the best accounts they will be peaceable if you we can get, they consist of the invalids of the Army. They may attempt to plunder the shores, but nothing more than that this winter; for I am confident they have no hopes of ;
If they make any descent, it the country. penetrating into be against Providence, to seize the stores and burn the town. This is very probable, as the Tories will endeavour, will
them on to such an attempt ; but unless done, already you have nothing to fear. I am told some malicious reports propagated industriously about me, respecting the loss of the baggage and stores at in it
Newport,
to spirit
is
Fort Lee.
They
are as malicious as they are untrue.
I
cai bring very good vouchers for my conduct in every instance; and have the satisfaction to have it approved by the
General under whom I serve. Every thing was got off from that place that could be, with the roads and wagons we had to move the stores with. The evacuation of Fort Lee was determined upon several days before the enemy landed above us, and happily all the most valuable stores were away. The enemy's publication of the cannon and not an article of stores then taken is a grand falsehood was left there, or nothing worth mentioning. stores military The Congress have removed to Baltimore. General Spencer and General Arnold are coming to take the command Arnold is a fine, spirited fellow, and an at Rhode-Island. ;
hope they keep the enemy at bay. My your family, and all my Providence friends. me to be, with the greatest respect, your most obedient and very humble servant,
active General.
I
respects to IBelieve
NATH. GREENE.
Paramus, December
DEAR GENERAL:
1
21st, 1776.
have received the honour of yours of
the 16th and 18th instant.
have the pleasure to acquaint your Excellency that on 19th instant, a detachment of our troops, consisting partly of Continental troops, and partly of the Militia of Orange and Ulster Counties, having marched down to the I
(he
English Neighbourhood in the night, deceived the sentinel, and surprised the out-guard of Colonel Buskirk's regiment of new-raised troops, took a Sergeant and seventeen men prisoners, and sixteen new King's muskets, which have been brought safely to this place after which they repulsed their main guard. We lost one man, and the enemy are supposed 1 shall order these to have lost four. rascally prisoners under ;
close confinement.
The same evening, one Mr. Honeywell, of Philipsburgh, who was lately taken prisoner by the enemy, came from New- York. He is a gentleman of credit, and one of the Committee of the town.
He
informs us that General
Howe
lately returned to New-York, as are the Hessians who But that the British troops lately went to Rhode Island. is
are still there; that there are a great many troops now in the city that an embarkation of a body of them is soon to take place, and that it was supposed that General Howe ;
was returned on
movement
that account; that they talk of
to Courtlandt's
making a This correceived, which 1 take
Manor and
responds with a line which
I
lately
Peekskill.
the liberty to enclose. I am very glad that your Excellency has thought fit to order Colonel Vose to remain in the neighbourhood of Chat-
ham.
It
A
was highly necessary.
body of the enemy are
be from two hundred and fifty to four hundred, with two pieces of cannon. General I shall march for Peekskill to-morrow morning. George Clinton, with about one thousand of the Militia of Orange and Ulster Counties, ordered out by the Convenat
Aquackanuck,
said to
tion of the State of
New- York,
is
at this post and the passes of the Hudson's river.
The
to guard for the present Highlands on this side of
which I mentioned in my last to have dock at Hackensack, came to anchor about seven miles below the town a party of our men went down and boarded her, and attempted to bring her up, but the wind being fresh it could not be effected. They then began seven firkins of butter, one or to unload her into the boats two trunks, some wine, &.C., were brought off; and upon brigantine
sailed from the
;
GENERAL DICKINSON TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Yardly's Farm, 21 December, 1776.
Two
persons returned yesterday from the Jerseys, who inform me that there is a very great body of the enemy in and around Brunswick, but they could not ascertain the
SIR:
One
of them says they were sending off provisThey made strict inquiry ions, &tc., towards New- York. about boats, but could not hear of any preparations of the
number.
kind.
Another person from Crosswicks informs me that he saw scow and four batteaus above the bridge, belonging to Lewis's Mill, which he should have brought off with a small but that there was a guard of one hundred Hessians party, He is of opinion those boats were not at the bridge. a
posted
A
collected by the enemy, but accidentally left there. lives in Trenton, whom I have negro fellow, whose master seen, informs me they are building boats at Henry's
;
body of the enemy came down, fired upon, and drove our people off, and took possession of the We took three or four seamen. I had given orders vessel. to the officer, in case of necessity, to set her on fire, but in She had on hoard the hurry and confusion he did not do it. On opening one of a great variety of furniture, hay, &,c. the trunks, we find it to contain sundry articles of plate, inreturn of the boats a
It is said to belong to one ventory of which is enclosed. Mr. Yates, and that he is friendly. The same is said as to the effects which were on board the other vessels; but it seems a little extraordinary that our friends should convey
their treasure into the
hands of our enemies.
I
did not en-
Mills, a mile
cumber myself with the furniture, as we had not wagons to but the provisions and liquors I have secured, fetch it away
there were
and the
just
from town, and that he was told by the soldiers What deboats coming from Brunswick. is to be given to this information 1 will not of gree credibility I have endeavoured to determine. prevail with some intelto go down into Trenton, but hitherto without ligent
many
person
agreeable to your Excellency, I will offer or twenty dollars to a good hand, who will undertake
success. fifteen
If
'tis
;
and cordage of the vessels. The plate 1 shall deliver into the hands of the Assistant Quartermaster-General. I solicit your Excellency's opinion and direction respecting I also found Continental property scattered in divers it. sails
houses, and at a store where it was deposited, as I was informed, for the enemy, about one hundred and sixty barrels
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1345 of in
In another store, twenty-one barrels of pork, and
flour.
The
&C.
another, about thirty hogsheads of ruin, gin,
two articles is said to be private property. I have There are three or four brought off about one half of it. But be the claimers, one of whom we have in custody. last
property whose
it may, I thought it my duty to secure it. The remainder I fear will fall into the hands of the enemy, as we have not teams to secure it. I have sent the flour
and pork
to
taken) and the
money back from
me
They
request cellency, and crave some
to lay the
mode
of
the Paymaster is very matter before your Ex-
relief.
endeavour
arrival at Peekskitt, I shall
Upon my
to
make
such a disposition of the troops which I may have the honour to command, as may appear most expedient to answer the purposes which your Excellency is pleased to point out, and hope it will be such as may be approved by you. I shall cheerfully consult and cooperate with General Lincoln in all matters of importance.
Mr. Honeywell further informs that the talk in New-York was that Russia, Hanover, and Portugal, would aid Great Britain; but that they were doubtful of France; that they thought they should greatly distress, but never subdue America; that the great numbers of prisoners in the city and their extreme sufferings will induce your Excellency to submit to terms of accommodation that three rooms in the old City Hall are fitting up for General Lee, with locks and bars, &.C. I have the honour to be, with great respect and esteem, your Excellency's most bumble servant, ;
w
of Sundries taken going
at
to
m
HACKENSACK,
a large
NEW-YORK. December
17th, 1776.
beaker, very large.
1
do.
butter-boat.
4
silver pickle-stands.
1
sugar-dish.
2 small
complete
silver labels for
1 large
wine.
said
not.
confessed to the General, being surprised. He confessed himself somewhat friendly to Government; and further the witness saith not.
pair sugar-tongs. case, supposed to contain a silver-plated tea-urn.
Major Gray, on oath, agrees with Captain Vanzandts ; and further says, being ordered by General Heath, he went to Lieutenant Nowell, and asked him whether he had seen any traveller between his lodgings and the church ? Affirmed he had not. Being searched, some small change was found with him, which he declared was all he had but on further search, he found six dollars in his pocket, and that said Nowell appeared in much consternation. Further ;
The
bearer hereof, Mr. Sobriski, is a most staunch friend, and has suffered much. He was the guide to our detachthat
says he heard the said
that he might go if he would give him twenty or twenty-four shillings, and that he see said Bardan give said Nowell money, and that said Nowell hurried said Bardan away. Further said Lee saith tell
;
tureen.
1 silver trowell.
ment
Lee Bardan
further, said
Captain Tine Vanzandtz, on oath says, that Bardan to General Heath's to complain, and said he offered to give money to Lieutenant Nowell, and did give him seven dollars to let him go and further the witness says, that Bardan informed the General that he had fifty dollars; and being searched, no more than forty-three remained, which, with the seven, made the fifty, and that Bardan
6 silver skewers. 2 silver beer-cups. 2 do. gilt do. 4 large soup-spoons. 4 gravy do. 8 silver salts. 8 salt-spoons, and 1
A red
;
came
silver standish.
1
make up
not.
silver salvers.
4
Benjamin Lee, witness, being produced, under oath saith, John Bardan (the traveller from whom Lieutenant Nowell had taken the money) being asked what he intended to do with the Rebels, said he intended to kill them as fast as he could; but being stopped, said he would give him any that
house, and not give it; but says he did not see any money Further he saith given, or hear any thing said about it.
1 large silver coffee-pot.
do.
crime, plead Not guilty.
Lee has witnessed concerning said Bardan being a &.c. Further he says, that Bardan offered to pawn until he money got somebody to plead for him, and supposes he meant to deposite it in the hands of the man of the
1 large
1
Capt. Patch, Capt. Wright, Capt. Mills, Capt. Sill, Capt. Ealy, Capt. Derby, Capt. Galop, Capt. Barns, Capt. Brewster. Captain Hyde, Judge Advocate. The prisoner, Lieutenant Nowell, being arraigned to the
Major Holdrage, Capt. Petibone,
Tory,
handsome silver branch. handsome silver tankard.
1
Members. Lieut. Col. Prentice,
said
pair silver cups. pair do. gilt.
1
General Court-Martial, held by order of MajorGeneral Heath, to try Lieutenant Nowell, of Colonel Prescotfs regiment, arrested for unlawfully taking seven dollars in paper currency from a traveller, on the publick road near Pirammus Church, in the evening following the 19th of be instant, December, and such other prisoners as shal Colonel Wyllys, President. brought before them. a
saith,
silver salvers.
1 silver
At
George Abbot, a witness, being produced, under oath Lieutenant Nowell brought John Bardan to Colonel Prescotfs quarters, from whence Benjamin Lee set out with him to the guard by Lieutenant Nowell's order, but said Lee came back and told him much the same as the
candlesticks, with sockets. very large silver tureen. large silver cake-dishes.
3 3
W. HOWE.
Lieutenant Nowell
4 French plated I
1346
reason to believe the corps would be well commanded by Captain Enmerick, and can assure that troops of this class are much wanted, and would render essential services in the course of the war. I have the honour to be, your Lordship's most faithful and most obedient servant,
thing to
His Excellency General Washington.
chest
1776.
GENERAL COURT-MARTIAL.
Colonels of the regiments here are uneasy on account of the pay of their regiments, as the hazard of getting their abstracts to your Excellency (one of which has been already
Inventory
DECEMBER,
Ramapaugh.
The
great.
&c.,
went
to
English Neighbourhood, and
acquainted with all parts of this country, and of notice and respect.
is
is
well
deserving
W. HEATH.
the witness saith not.
Adjutant Marsden, on oath, agrees in full with Major Gray as to examining said Lieutenant Nowell, and finding the money and further he saith not. The. Court having heard and considered the evidences maturely, do adjudge the prisoner to be guilty of the crimes and do therefore sentence him to be dislaid to his charge missed from the Army with infamy, and make restitution of the one dollar remaining to the person from which he so wickedly took them. ;
SIR
WILLIAM HOWE TO LORD GEORGE GERMAIN. New-York,
MY LORD
21st December, 1776.
Captain Emmerich, who
has been very useful to me in the course of this campaign, will have the honour of presenting this letter to your Lordship, on his return to Britain, in order to raise a corps of German Chasseurs.
your Lordship is pleased to recommend such a measure his Majesty, and it should meet with approbation, I have FIFTH SERIES. VOL. III. 85 If
to
:
;
SAM'L WYLLVS, President.
The above
sentence
is
approved
of.
W. HEATH, M. G.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1347
fee.,
Pyremus, 21st December, 1776. this moment favoured with the letter of
SIR: I am instant. Being sensiyour honourable House of the 17th ble of the importance of the passes of the Highlands, the be my first object, from which security of them shall always I will not suffer myself for any other consideration, however The stores taken at Hackensack specious, to be diverted. to the Highlands or Pcekski/l, principally removed General and Heath, agreeable to orders, proposes marching with his division to-morrow morning for the latter place. As this movement of General Heath's will leave the pass near Sydman's bridge without a man, I propose marching the two regiments I have here to Ramapough and that and to extend my guards and patrolling parties from
now
are
SIR:
In this
this place.
way
we have
will give all the protection to the few friends same time in power, and at the
my
quarter
enemies
but
;
I
can't think
it
civil authority
enemy, who whole brigade at and near Achquakannock and Neivark, might by a forced march get between us and the desired to defend.
Parsons and myself, with five hundred of his troops and mine, set out about dark on a visit to our friends in the English Neighbourhood, where we were informed Colonel Buskerk's regiment of new levies and some companies of Light-Infantry were quartered.
them to the Committee of is in opinion with me, will send You are therefore directed to take the charge your County. of conveying them to the commanding officer of your regiment. Given under my hand, Tappan, December 21st, 1776.
WM.
To
to
the
(
Fort Constitution, December 21, 1776.
As we
in
party, It was road.
however
a successful
little
We
expedition.
took twenty-three prisoners, eighteen excellent muskets, a wagon and Light-Horse, and killed four or five. It might have been much more so had it not been so exceeding cold, and the men beat out with the length of the march, which took was at least twenty-eight miles going.
I
have not the least doubt but we should have killed and taken the whole party, and have cleared Bergen wood of their wood-cutters.
The
Militia of the Counties of Ulster
and Orange think
exceeding hard at this time to be called out while those of other Counties, equally interested in guarding the passes of the Highlands, are exempted from any part of the duty. They think one half of them, to wit, about one thousand, it
competent for the purpose and considering the business they were first intended for is now in a great measure accomplished, I am of their opinion. That number, If the whole I believe, would continue with cheerfulness. is kept out, though I know they will: they must submit to would be
it. if
I
fully
desired,
therefore,
am
sure
We
I
it
will
it
be with a degree of reluctance.
might have will
Who
be
liberty to dismiss best.
is
to
1
Your humble
salts
and other medicine
servant,
JACOBUS SWAIITWOUT,
Colonel.
Dr. McKnight. can make no other demand for the medicine, as it belongs to the new Convention of New-York, than to urge the Colonel's request may be granted. I
CHAS. MCKNIGHT.
we
to
be
?
Fort Lee is demolished we it and to inform you that Colonel Ford, with about five hundred of his Militia, attacked a much superiour number of the enemy on the 19ih instant, drove them, killed twenty on the spot, with the loss of three I forgot to mention were five miles below
that
only.
The enemy's main Army
are retreating towards BrunsOur people have had several successful skirmishes ivick. with them, and are in high spirits.
the Hon.
Convention
RESOLVES OF THE NEW-YORK CONVENTION. In Convention of the Representatives for the State of
Abraham Ten
Ei/ck, Esq., President of the of the State of New- York, Fishkill.
New-York,
Fish Kill, December 21st, 1776.
) $
Whereas the condition of this State, invaded and surrounded by numerous enemies, requires the constant sitting
And for the despatch of the publick business whereas the enemy have possessed themselves of LongIsland, Richmond County, and the City and County of New-York, and it is out of the power of the Committees of those Counties to provide for the support of their respective Representatives, who, being driven from their habitations and of Convention
:
deprived of their estates, are the less able to subsist at their owt> private expense, while they are burthened with the accumulated charge of maintaining their families and attending on the business of the State:
Resolved therefore, That this Convention will advance, on the credit of the said respective Counties, the allowances heretofore given to the Representatives of the said Counties in Convention, and which are in arrear since the 14th day of May last, and to the Representatives of the City and
County of New-York, ten shillings per day, respectively; such allowance to be computed from the time the Convention removed to the White-Plains. Resolved, That the said allowances be made on the certificate of the President or Vice-President of the ConvenAnd tion, or of the Chairman of the Committee of Safety. that the Treasurer pay the same on such certificate accordingly.
Resolved, That the sums allowed and paid to such Repbe charged to the- account of the City and
resentatives
Counties which they respectively represent. In Convention of the Representatives of the State of
December
wish,
one half of them.
be our Commissary supplied? I am your most obedient servant.
To
some
use of our regiment, should be glad Dr. Osborn could be supplied with them.
for the
;
are distressed about provisions; hosv are
wounded
are necessitated for
first
on the back of the enemy up the highway, so as to prevent their escape, while we, with the remainder, About break of day marched through the neighbourhood. we surprised and took their advanced guard, about a mile At the instant we effected this, and from Bergen woods. were about advancing to attack their main body, one of their horse rode up, and not standing on being challenged, was This alarmed their party. fired on by one of our people. fired on us; we returned the fire, upon turned out, They which they fled, and got off before Colonel Woodhull with who had a rough march, could reach the main his
come
we
ALLISON, Col.
Captain Matthew Johnson.
COLONEL SWARTWOUT TO DR. M KNIGHT.
house in the English Neighbourhood, we detached Colonel IVooilhull, with two hundred, to march east of the settlement, through the fields, to the on the roads leading to edge of Bergen woods, to fix guards Burdett's and Bull's Ferry, and with the remainder of his
the road
in
before last General
When we came
force to
;
all
arms, over to the and as the two fellows now under guard are
in this
scourge our would be advisable to continue
Clinton to deliver
inhabitants of Ulster County, I have thought it advisable to deliver them into the custody of Major Johnston, who, if he
a
we are posts The night
directed by General
about or persons taken up by us, lurking
I
these regiments so far advanced as this, as the
have
am
I
place,
thence towards Ringswood and
1348
1776.
COLONEL ALLISON TO CAPTAIN JOHNSON.
GENERAL GEOUGE CLINTON TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
DEAR
DECEMBER,
New- York,
21st, 1776.
) $
Whereas, from various intelligence received of the motions and designs of the enemy's Army, it appears highly probathat they meditate an attack upon the passes of the Highlands, on the east side of Hudson's river: And whereas the term of the Enlistment of the Militia under the com-
ble
mand
of Brigadier-General George Clinton, which is at to defend the pass at Peek's Kill, expires present stationed on the last of this month, and that of great part of the division Spencer, which is stationed North- Castle, on the 2t)th instant: And whereas his Excellency General Washington, by his letter of the 15th
commanded by Major-General at
instant,
recommended to this State to exert procuring temporary supplies of Militia till levies of the Continental Army can be brought into has warmly
themselves the
new
the
field
in
:
whole Militia of the Counties of that part of the County of A!and IVestchestcr, Dulchess, Resolved, That
the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1349
southward of Btesen Island, be forthNorth- Castle, in fi'estchester County, well equipped with arms and ammunition, and furnished with six days' provisions and blankets, and a pot or campkettle to every six men, except such men as the Field Officers of the respective regiments shall judge cannot be called
bany
wliicli lies to the
with
marched
to the
into service without greatly distressing their families, or
who
may be actually engaged in the manufacturing saltpetre, or of shoes and clothing for the use of the Army. Resolved, That the said Militia be allowed Continental pay and rations, and that such men as cannot furnish them-
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1350
1776.
When General Heath, who they will return home. has received orders to cross the river, will arrive at Peek's Kill, is uncertain.
ability
The Convention have
for these reasons
thought it necesof Westchr.ster, Dutchess, and that pan of Albany which lies to the southward of
sary to call out all the Militia
of
all
Barn Island, and directed them to march to North- Castle. As some time will be necessary to collect and march them place, and as there is reason to suspect that the to take that route, they refer to your discretion,
that
to
enemy mean
selves with arms, shall be supplied from the publick stores. Resolved, That the Colonels or commanding officers of
the security of the passes on your side will admit of it, the propriety of immediately detaching the whole, or part of your brigade, to secure that post till such time as the Militia
the respective regiments be empowered to hire or impress as many wagons or sleighs as shall be sufficient for transporting the baggage of the respective regiments to their place of
of Westchtster, Dutchess, and of Albany, shall have arrived at that place, and proper provision made for defeating the design of the enemy.
rendezvous.
To
And whereas
if
Secret Committee, appointed by the Convention of this State on the 19th instant, have, in pursuance of the authority given them, directed a number of vola
command of Colonels Dubois, Graham, and Thomas, and Lieutenant-Colonel Hammon, and Captain Dutcher : Resolved, That all sucli volunteers be left under the direction and command of the officers under whom they have been respectively engaged, and not marched out with the
Brigadier-General George Clinton.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL SPENCER. December
unteers to be raised under the
body of the Militia. Resolved, That the said Militia, when called out, shall be stationed at such posts, and obey such orders as they shall from time receive from a Committee for that purpose, to be appointed by a Convention of this State. Resolved, That Robert R. Livingston, Henry fVisner, and Zephaniah Plait, Esqs., be a Committee for that purpose, and that they be further empowered to discharge from the Militia such mechanicks as the publick service or the necessity of the inhabitants
render expedient. be written and sent by express
may
Resolved, That General George Clinton, informing him that the Convention of this State have reason to think that the enemy have a Letter
to
view to penetrate the passes of the Highlands, on the east Hudson's river; that the term of inlistment of great part of the division under the command of Major-General Spencer expires on the 29th instant, and submitting to his in
side of
discretion the propriety of immediately crossing Hudson's with the whole, or part of the Militia under his com-
river,
mand,
to secure the posts at
North-Castle,
till
such time as
the Militia of Albany, Dutchess, and Westchester, shall march to that post, or a proper provision shall be made for defeating the designs of the
enemy.
now occupied by his division. Resolved, That Colonel Trumbull, the Commissary-General of the Continental Army, and Colonel Hughs, Assistant Quartermaster-General, be informed that a body of Militia of this State will march to secure the post now ocState shall arrive at the post
cupied by General Spencer, in IVestchester County, with the utmost despatch, in order that they may make a proper and timely provision for the accommodation and subsistence of the said Militia.
Resolved, That application be made to Colonel Chevers, Commissary of Ordnance Stores, for the loan of as many firelocks and cartouch-boxes as may be necessary to equip such of the said Militia now called into service as may be destitute of the same, him for this loan.
and that
this
Convention
will
indemnify
Extract from the Minutes.
ROUT. BENSON,
Secretary.
December
21, 177G.
SIR: From various intelligence received by the Convention, they have great reason to believe that the enemy are meditating a vigorous expedition against the passes in the Highlands, on the east of Hudson's river, and sundry cirin
the operations of the
disaffected
tend
a vigorous attack on the passes in the Highlands, on the east side of Hudson's river; for which reason all the Militia
of Westchester, Dutchess, and part of Albany Counties, have been ordered to march to North-Castle.
The Convention have been informed that the terms on which great part of your division have been inlisted are nearly expired, and on their quitting that post before the arrival of the Militia would expose those very important The Convention beg passes to the most imminent danger. you will exert your utmost influence to detain them till such time as they may be discharged with less danger and injury to the I
American cause.
am,
will then expire,
and
in all
sir,
To
with great respect, your most obedient servant.
order.
By
Major-General Spencer.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO THE PRESIDENT Or CONGRESS. In Convention of the Representatives of the State of Fishkill,
December
New-York, 21, 1776.
)
J
am
directed by the Convention to make a further to Congress on the subject of clothing for our application The situation of this State is such that it is imposlevies.
SIR:
I
sible for us to get the usual articles necessary for this purpose ; and after we had procured at Philadelphia a
very
considerable quantity,
it
was taken by the Committee of
and applied for the use of their own gave the Convention great pleasure to learn, about a month ago, that our sister Colony of MassachusettsBay had been able to procure materials for clothing their quota of troops, and that pleasure hath been greatly increased by our information of the capture of clothing for twelve thousand men by a Continental ship-of-war, and of the arrival of a vessel from France with a large assortment As there is not any of clothing on account of Congress. one State in America which has suffered so severely as NewYork in the present war, as there is not one whose commercial resources have been so entirely cut off, we submit it to Congress whether she ought not to have a particular attention in the distribution of those articles which belong to the United States, and which by no care or industry can be In a word, sir, 1 am procured on her separate account. directed by the Convention to assure Congress that they are of opinion our regiments will be speedily filled, if we can get any thing to cover them ; and that without clothes they cannot possibly get troops. General Morris, who is directed to repair to Congress, is charged with this letter, and in
soldiery.
that city, It
By order: To the Hon. John
prob-
AB'M TEN BROECK,
President.
Hancock, Esq.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL MIFFLIN.
to
confirm this apprehension. Those passes will next week be in a very defenceless situation; the term of the inlistment of
General Spencer's division
is
various intelligence received by the Convenreason to believe that the enemy are meditating
instructed to urge for their answer. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient, very humble servant.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON.
cumstances
tion, there
Safety
Resolved, That General Spencer be requested to exert his utmost influence with the troops under his command, to continue in service until such time as the Militia of this
21st.
From
SIR:
In Convention for the State of Fishkill,
SIR:
The Convention
December
New-York, 2]
,
177(5.
of this State have received inform-
ation that a quantity of goods proper for clothing the Conli-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1351
nental troops, are now at Fairfield, in Connecticut, under the care of Mr. ThaJdeus Burr, and that those goods are your The levies raising in this State will probably property.
be soon completed,
if it
were
our power to give the re-
in
You are sensible, sir, that this State, cruits their clothing. by the loss of the sea-ports, have been wholly deprived of the
means of importation.
They,
therefore,
embrace the
opportunity of attending to this necessary object, and directed their State Commissary to purchase in other States
earliest
such as were to be found.
He was
so far successful as to
obtain a quantity in Philadelphia, which we are since informed have been expended for the use of the troops imbodied We are much distressed by this disapto the southward. is left but from the goods pointment, seeing that no resource we have written to Congress for to though belonging you with great importunity on this subject, we are very appre;
hensive that
in
the present critical state of the military
we cannot depend on
&c.,
DECEMBER,
this
distresses are
them of near two dollars since, because damwant of proper care, or for some other reason
a saving to for
aged
unknown
;
to the
Convention, they are sold by the Deputy
the Northern department, to people out of this State, on contract, for ten shillings apiece, when they are, or would, if properly preserved, be at least worth three
Commissary
in
At the same time, I must inform you Albany. nothing can be effectually done unless a particular charge is given to the Deputy Quartermaster to afford every necessary assistance in preserving and transporting them dollars at
that
across the lake.
immediate assistance. operations, 1 am, therefore, directed to request that you will be pleased to order Mr. Burr to deliver the goods in his possession to the agent of this Convention, for which we will readily pay
I
you a reasonable price. I am, sir, with the greatest respect, your most obedient
HONOURED SIR
By
AB'M TEN BROECK, President.
order:
Major-General Mifflin.
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GENERAL HOWE. In Convention of the State of New-York, at Fishkill, December 21st, 1776.
)
J
SIR: On the application of the Rev. Mr. Inglis, and Messrs. Philip I. Livingston and John Moore, who came up the river protected by a flag from your Excellency to the Convention of this State, have consented to permit their ladies, with their families and effects, to go to New-York. Mrs. Bruce, and Mrs. Lake and her daughters, have obMessrs. Miles Sherbrook and tained the like indulgence.
Alexander Wallace have license
to proceed to
New- York,
to take the necessary care of their families and property. In order to give those ladies and gentlemen full protection,
we have flag, to
Major Nicholas Fish, under the sanction of a them safe to New- York. As that gentleman may
sent
see
have it in his power to facilitate the removal of the families and effects of some of the subjects of this State, we have not the least doubt, sir. of your permission to him to bring out with him those women and children, with their property, of whom he will do himself the honour to inform you. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient servant
To
Excellency General Howe; and in his absence, the Commanding Officer of the City of Ntw- York.
1352
matter with Congress as soon as possible. Our inconceivably great for want of that article, shoes having within this two months doubled in their price. The Convention have no doubt that that measure will meet with the approbation of Congress, not only from the pleasure they take in relieving the distressed, but because it will be urge
their
servant.
1776.
am,
&.c.
JOS.
TRDMBULL TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Fishkills, 21st
I
hope the
The The
:
Yours of
battalions for
inlistments
th instant
immediate service
goon very
well;
much
is
December, 1776.
now
before me.
be here soon. better than last year. will
inducements are great, the clothing especially, in this I hope the Colony are well preweather, to naked men. Brother Jonpared for that part of the encouragements. Brother Jack athan, I suppose, is at home by this time. Is now passed Easton some days ago, with General Gates. Head-Quarters. Barnard, my rider, returned this morning from Head-Quarters, opposite Trentoivn. By letters from the General and others to Convention here, and to myself, at
things wear a much better face that way than they have done, and that General Howe is retiring back to NewYork, finding it impossible to cross Delaivare. The Jerseys have been dispirited and discouraged, but they begin to come again to themselves. General Heath has been down to Hackensack and below, and has taken very considerable General Washingstores, &,c. and is on the enemy's rear. I find
,
ton
apprehensive the enemy's march, as if retreating, may He is pretty be a feint, and is guarding against a surprise. strongly reinforced from Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, and troops are coming over from Carolina. I have the General's leave to retire to Hartford for the I shall set off in the course of all next week, by winter. which time I expect to have finished my matters here, and to hear further from Head-Quarters and Congress. I am, honoured sir, your dutiful son, Jos. TRUMBULL. is
his
[WILLIAM DIIER] TO NEW-YORK DELEGATES IN CONGRESS. [Without
GENTLEMEN
I wish Mr. Phillips, of Rhode- Island, my Deputy, may have leave to carry pork and beef out of your State to that for the Army there, as the salt is there, and the driving
there
I
Governour Trumbull.
date.]
have been all along the Northern and Eastern armies, more to the removal of our merchants, particularly for the first who have for the most part carried their stores with them, out of this State; to the loss of Long-Island and New-York; principally
RICHARD VARICK TO PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
to the great supplies that
drawn from here
save transportation.
am
directed by Convention to represent to you the difficulties that this State will labour under in procuring clothing for the troops they were to raise. Owing :
may
[Read 14th January, 1777: Referred
SIR:
;
wants of the inhabitants who are drawn from thence, and the stoppage of the only port by which we might hope the Convention are fully persuaded that to obtain them, they will not only be unable to supply the Army, but that their own poor will be greatly distressed for want of necessaries, more especially as the few goods'that remained have been purchased up by General Schwjle.r, agreeable to the directions of Congress, and are now in the Continental store To these they cannot help setting up some at Albany. claim, though perhaps it may be founded more in sheer ne-
to the
cessity than their right. these facts before Congress,
May
request you, therefore, to lay their leave to
and to obtain
apply a part of them to the clothing of our men, assuring them at the same time that no means will be left unessayed to make our demand on the Continental store as small as possible.
Enclosed you have some resolutions relative of cattle killed for the use of the
Army.
We
to the hides
wish you to
to
Board of War.]
Saratoga, December 21st, 1776.
for
I
do myself the honour
to enclose
you an exact
return of the state of the garrisons at Tyconderoga, Mount Independence, and Fort George, abstracted from the musterrolls
of the several companies of the battalions stationed The muster-rolls I will send down by the posts.
at those
The Congress will observe, that speediest safe conveyance. though the strength of the garrisons at Tyconderoga and Mount Independence
(as appears from the return) amounts two thousand three hundred and eighty -four, including commissioned and non-commissioned officers, and including two hundred and ninety-six returned as sick, yet that a great part of those who are returned as having appeared at muster, were unfit for duty, and scarcely able to bear the fatigue to
of being a few minutes on the parade. I thought it needless to mention in the muster-rolls or return, the. terms for which the troops were engaged, as I
supposed the Congress was fully acquainted with this matter; I shall only mention that most of the inlistments expire on the 31st instant, and 4th, 5th, and 9th January. The muster-rolls of the commissioned officers are not so accurate as the articles of war require, the officers command-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1353
ing battalions not having therewith.
it
in their
power
strictly to
comply
the Honourable
John Hancock, Esq., President of the
honourable the Continental Congress.
GENERAL HKRCHKEIMKR TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Canajoharry District, December 21, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: The tioners
humbly sheweth,
petition of your petithat whereas a certain case of mili-
tary proceedings in General Herchkeimer's brigade was taken before the Committee of this County, and countermanded,
whereby we,
as well as part of the publick are aggrieved,
we are urged to appeal to your honourable Board for relief. The true circumstances of the case are as follows, viz: John Kayser, of New-Germantoivn,
in
Palentine
district,
a
Captain of a company of Militia in Colonel Jacob Slack's battalion, of Gen. Nicholas Herchkeimer's brigade, some time ago, by a vacancy of a corporalship in his company through his corporal's inlisting as a Ranger, appointed and ordered
John Remersnider, son of Henry Remersnider, of NewGermantown aforesaid, to be a corporal in the other's stead; which order was refused by both Remersniders, the father and son, under the pretence alleged by the father that his son was a miller, and therefore exempted of such military duties
by law, according
State of
New- York ;
to the acts
but as
it
for the
made, nor intended
are not
taken
I am, sir, with the greatest respect, your most obedient and very humble servant, RICH'D VARICK.
To
tia
being but a small stream to
it,
beg that your honourable Board would look into the case maturely and procure that justice may be done to the officers as well as to privates. We don't doubt that in particular the proceedings of the said Captain Kayser will be approved to be just and lawful, and therefore the abovementioned resolve of the Committee recalled. We could add some other instances of like cases of fines tried by the Committee, and the resolutions thereof by them determined, which at most causeth a disrespect of their officers and discourtesy. The latter without prescription to We would that any Militia case honourable Board. your should be tried by a Court-Martial and if one should think himself aggrieved, might apply to the Field Officers, and so on by degrees to the Brigadier-Generals, for a just inquiry and If such an appeal to the determination of the matter. ;
Committee
rules, upon the said John Remersnider, {or refusing to accept and serve as a corporal; and upon still refusing of both Remersniders to pay the said fine, the Captain proceeded further The in the recovery of the same, and distrained him. if any man ground in order to distrain for that Therefore the sergeant thought kill him. to take assistance along with him, to execute his proper It is true the father may be a man of sixty-odd office. of age, and is exempt thereby of training, but yet of
father hearing of being distrained, threatened that
would come upon he would purpose,
his
years a hearty and strong constitution, well able to tend his mill, and truly better than the son, who has no knowledge of it, and almost never before tended the mill, nor yet, but at the time
when
the Captain calls a training.
The
father often before
one applied to him for the loan of horses or in other farming business, he had nothing to say in it; that his son was the farmer, and he had to dispose of such things. declared, that
if
The father
further, after the last voting of officers for aforesaid, said that if the son had been chosen would have treated the electors, and provided
that
and son
company
an Ensign, he
the colours at his
own
he should not train.
for
every case
cost ; but for a private jthe father said All these circumstances here related,
and more in behalf of the said proceedings when called upon, can be proved by evidence. The said father, seeing that his scheme would not be accepted by the Captain, nor his will obtained, made then application to the Committee of
County, with the complaint that his son being a miller, was unjustly fined and prosecuted. The Committee upon such complaint, without hearing of one of the evidences in this
the Captain's behalf, resolved that the said John Remersnider shall be exempted from military duty, except in invasions, pursuant to the eleventh article of the Militia, and also
upon the officers of Militia of every rank, which will disturb the service in general, and in particular the company of said Captain Kayser, which, as we are informed, will tion
take the same privilege, and not training, in case this John Remersnider shall be free through a deceitful scheme.
Therefore, hoping that the rules and regulations of the Mili-
by
officers
is
allowed to the
and the
trust
our authority
void.
We
remain, with respect, your humble petitioners, for ever pray, &.c. Honourable gentlemen, your obedient humble servants,
NICHOLAS HERCHKEIMER, Brig. EBENEZER Cox, Colonel.
Gen'l.
JACOB KLOCH, Colonel.
MEMORIAL OF HENRY VAN SCHAACK. Honourable JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Esq., Governour and Commander-in- Chief in and over (he State of Con-
To
the
necticut.
The Memorial of HENRY VAN SCHAACK, Esq., of the District of KINDERHOOK, most humbly sheweth : That your memorialist, in conformity to his engagements, returned to the State of Connecticut some days ago, without any restrictions on his conduct from those who are the That your occasion of his being your Honour's prisoner. memorialist left his family at the time his presence was most his father's death and essentially necessary, on account of That the extensive the very bad state of his wife's health.
concerns of your memorialist's father, and other domestick concerns, makes it necessary that he should have it in his power to have frequent personal intercourse with the heirs and executors of his said late father. That in order to obtain an indulgence of so much consequence to his aged mother, and all her offspring, he begs leave, with all due into a parole, herewith shown respect, to propose entering to your Honour, subjecting the same to such alterations as may be prescribed. That in case this mode of security should not be approved of, your Honour's memorialist humbly begs leave to propose pecuniary collateral security, to any amount that can in reason be required, that he shall be
forthcoming
in
and
the State of Connecticut at any time
to direct. place your Honour may please Your memorialist, for the urgent reasons above assigned,
prays that your Honour will be pleased in your wisdom to take the peculiar situation of an aged parent and her large but more particularly that of his family into consideration;
whose weak frame is tottering under the weight and incidents too tedious to particularize, pressure of a number of wife,
when your Honour's attention must necessarily be taken up in matters of great magnitude to the publick. And your Honour's memorialist, in duty, as well as incli-
at the time
nation, will ever pray, Sic.,
that the fine recovered by the Captain for such refusal, save as above-mentioned, shall he rendered by the said Captain to the said John Remersnider. Considering this resolve of the Committee, and the proceedings thereof, we thought we were in duty bound to resent it as a grievance and imposi-
tried
Militia, they always will run there for relief, reposed in us appears to be checked, and
the said Captain
therefore, considering the scheme of the old man in regard to the publick, put the lawful fine, agreeable to the Militia
be understood, explained,
serve our country faithfully, and to have the Militia under our command ruled impartially, find ourselves aggrieved, and
to
bourhood, most always out out of order, has constantly been the miller himself when the mill was fit, and had water to
to
1354
particularly or to the fraud of the publick, we, the superiour officers, who are resolved and willing to
Militia of the
was well known, not only
1776.
in deceit
the Captain, to his subalterns, and to the company, but to the whole neighbourhood, that the father, Henry Remersnider aforesaid, who has an old ragged mill in the neigh-
grind,
DECEMBER,
&c.,
Ry
ScHAACK
_
Middletown,21st December, 1776.
PETITION OF ROBERT H. WADDELL AND SAMUEL BURLING.
MAY humble to
IT
PLEASE YOUR HONOUR:
We the
subscribers,
your
we are not home, now agreed
been informed that petitioners, having
be included
in
the permission to return
to be given by your Honour and the honourable Council to the gentlemen belonging lo New-York, who were taken up on suspicion, and sent with us into this State, and that the reason why we are not permitted the same indulgence
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1355
on account of an accusation brought against us of some we beg leave improper behaviour on the :3()th of last month, to acquaint your Honour that we do not pretend to justify our conduct at that time, but your Honour may rest assured, that whatever improprieties happened that night were occasioned by our being in liquor, and not with any design or is
intention of offending your
Honour, or any of the gentlemen
and acknowledge with gratitude, Honour has shown us since we have
are very sensible,
the indulgences your
been in this State. On that account we aie extremely concerned that this unfortunate a Hair has happened, and we are concession your Honour may ready and willing to make any We hope your Honour and the honourable think proper.
our case, and grant us the same inhas been pleased to allow the Honour which your dulgence other gentlemen in our situation, and which is so absolutely necessary to our private affairs. are, with the greatest respect, your Honour's most
Council
will reconsider
humble
some time next week, which, excepting the bread, is the only article we have at present to deliver. The pork is so bad, I am confidently informed the soldiers will not take it. Captain Mcllvill has assisted me all in his power. ered
servants,
RQBT>
R WADDELL)
SAMUEL BUKLING. Hon. Jonathan TrumbuU, Esq., Governour and over the State of Connecticut.
the
in
in
to his
company who
appear to be acquainted with the business, and 1 believe would make very good assistants to whoever may officiate as Commissary, which berth I must beg leave to resign, as I think it will be more for the interest of the State to appoint somebody more acquainted with the business than 1 am. This, with several reasons that did not appear when I accepted, induces me to this request; in compliance with
in the
convenient, the Board will add already under for the honour conferred
may be
which, as soon as to the obligation I
am
appointment.
am, with great respect, your humble servant,
I
HENRY NEWMAN.
To
Samuel Phips Savage, Esq., President of the Board of War.
Middletown, 21st December, 1770.
To
1356
1776.
but he refusing an order on the Board, on account of its being inconvenient, 1 was obliged to decline. There is now ig the stores a quantity of fresh beef, which must be deliv-
We
obedient,
DECEMBER,
There are two young men belonging
in authority.
We
Sic.,
chief
JOHN PROUD TO COMMODORE HOPKINS. Bedford, December 21st, 1776.
PAROLE OF BENJAMIN WHITEHEAD AND OTHERS. Whereas we, the
New- York, have
of
subscribers, of the City and Province for some time past resided at Middle-
town, in the State of Connecticut, being apprehended and sent thither by his Excellency General Washington, as of disaffection' to the United States of persons suspected
America; and whereas, upon our application, his Honour Jonathan TrumbuU, Esq., Governour of said State of Connecticut, hath permitted us to return to our families in NewYork, and reside there till otherwise ordered, we do hereby
and word of honour
(jovernour TrumbuU, that we will neither bear arms, nor excite or encourage others to bear arms, against this or any of the United pledge our
faith
to said
do or say any thing States of America, and that we in prejudice of the interest or measures of this or any of said United States; that we will give no intelligence to the enewill not
SIR: Mr. Leonard Jurvis being in Boston, I have the pleasure of informing you of the safe arrival into this port of the Alfred's valuable prize-ship. She got in last evening. Early this morning I despatched an express to Mr. Jarvis, to acquaint
will return to any place in this State, when required by Honour Governour TrumbuU, the General Assembly of Connecticut, or his Excellency the General of the Armies
time being. have hereunto set out hands, this
for the
In witness whereof,
we
2 1st day of December, A. D. 1776. BENJA'N WHITEHEAD, RICHARD BETTS,
GEORGE HEWLETT. HENRY NEWMAN TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR. Providence, 21st December, 1776.
On my arrival here, my determination was with my instructions from the Board of War as
SIR: ply
to
com-
fully as
accordingly applied to Captain Melvill, who delivered the articles he had received, which he has a receipt possible.
for,
1
and are now
in
my
possession; also
one hundred and
seven pounds sixteen shillings, for which I expect lo account. The provisions remain in the same stores I found them in. I have taken an office in a convenient place for the business, and have applied to many of the principal people of trade in this
place
for
sistence of the
such
Army,
are necessary for the subbut found them very scarce and diffi-
articles as
be obtained; upon which I wrote an advertisement for this day's paper, for such articles as are misapplied by the Board, the result of which the next week will determine.
good
intelligence, that
necessary
for the security of her cargo. Mr. the ship, will soon be in Providence,
Bucklin, the mate of can give you an account of her loading". I am, in Mr. Leonard Jarvis's behalf, most respectfully, your humble servant, J OHN PBOUD .
Esek Hopkins, 1
in
Providence.
expect to see Mr. Jarvis, or receive
the ship,
Monday
his directions
about
night.
JAMES BOWDOIN TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Referred to the Board of
War.]
Boston, December 21st, 1776.
we
of the United States
this
taken
who
mies of said Stales of any of the counsels, operations of war, or other transactions of this or any of said States; and that his
him of
may be
measures
a
SIR: I lately informed you that Monsieur Fanieul, and number of French gentlemen, had arrived here from Cape
Francois, to offer their services in the Army of the United Two of them proceeded from hence with the letter, States.
which a petition of theirs to our General Court has been sent to you, for the consideration and determination of Mr. Fanieul being engaged much in this matter, Congress.
since
to make to Congress, intends in a few out for setting Philadelphia days, and it is in consequence of his request I have the honour of transmitting to
and having some proposals
you
this letter, to
The
introduce him to you for that purpose. new regulation took place, have
posts, ever since the
been, and continue, very irregular, and have answered no purpose of intelligence from the Army, nor of quick communication between the several States and with Congress, which, in times like the present, are highly necessary, and to effect which was the reason of that regulation. It is of great importance that this business should be put on such a footing as to answer effectually the end intended. I
am, with great esteem,
sir,
your most obedient, humble
servant,
To
the
JAMES BOWDOIN. Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Conti-
nental Congress.
cult to
for this State (who at present applied to the Commissary Massachusetts the Army) for information where supplies
(iOVF.RNOUR OF VIRGINIA TO
Williamsburgh, December 22d, 1776.
I
He informed he found it to get the necessary articles. impossible to get all the articles specified in the establishment, and was obliged to substitute rum and molasses instead of beer and cider, and chocolate and coffee instead of milk, the latter being five pence per pint, and not a sufat that price. He made me an offer of eight hundred or one thousand bushels of peas, at ten shillings per bushel, which, though very dear, I would have taken,
MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
do myself the honour to transmit to you the enclosed resolutions, and beg leave to assure your Province of the most cordial cooperation of Virginia in every measure for your particular safety and the general interest of AmerSIR:
I
ica. I
am,
sir,
your most obedient servant, P. HENRY,
ficiency
The Hon. Daniel of St. Thomas Council of Safety, Maryland.
Jr.
Jenifer, President of the
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1357 In the
House of Delegates, December
21st, 1776.
VIRGINIA. It
same,
being of the utmost importance that the nine Battal-
Commonwealth and now
ions heretofore raised within this in
Continental service, should be completed, and the six Battalions for the same service, as well as the three Bat-
new
on the pay of the Commonwealth, raised with
talions
ain.
all
possible expedition:
be earnestly recommended to the Justices, the Members of the County Committees, the Militia Officers, and the other good people of this Commonwealth, Resolved, That
measures, to repel the invasions of the enemy Resolved therefore, That the Governour be, and he is hereby, fully authorized and empowered, by and with the advice and consent of the Privy Council, from henceforward, :
ten days next after the first meeting of the General Assembly, to carry into execution such requisitions as may be made to this Commonwealth by the American Congress, until
purpose of encountering or repelling the enemy, to order the three Battalions on the pay of the Commonwealth to march, if necessary, to join the Continental Army, or to the assistance of any of our States; to call forth any and for the
such
greater military
forces
they
shall
judge
necessary,
either by imbodying and arranging Companies or Regiments of Volunteers, or by raising additional Battalions, appointing and commissioning their proper officers, and to direct their operations within this Commonwealth, under the command
of the Continental Generals, or other officers, according to their respective ranks, or order them to march, to join and act in concert with the Continental
Army, or the troops of and to provide for their American of the United States, any and other necessaries, at the pay, supply of provisions, arms, charge of this Commonwealth, by drawing on the Treasurer for the money which may be necessary from time to time ; and the said Treasurer is authorized to pay such warrants out of any publick money which may be in his hands, and the General Assembly will, at their next session, make ample which may happen. But this provision for any deficiency of Government, being in the from constitution departure this instance founded only on the most evident and urgent necessity, ought not hereafter to be drawn into precedent. Resolved also, That the Governour be desired to trans-
mit by express, copies of these Resolves to the American Congress, and to the neighbouring States of Maryland and
North- Carolina,
to satisfy
them
that
we
are exerting our-
America. Resolved, That our Delegates be instructed to recommend to the consideration of Congress whether it may not be necessary and expedient, in the present dangerous and selves in defending the liberties of
of America, in order to give vigour, expeto our military measures, to invest the dition, Commander-m-Chief of the American forces with more critical situation
and secrecy
ample and extensive power for conducting the operations of and that they will earnestly exhort the different the war Legislatures of the United American States to adopt the most speedy and effectual methods for calling their Militia force into action and cooperating with the Generals of the American Armies. ;
JOHN TAZEWELL, Clerk of the House of Delegates.
Agreed
to
by the Senate.
T
J.
.,
PENDLETON,
C. O.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 26th December.] In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, 22d December, 1776.
SIR:
We
have received from Mr. Henry Fisher the enit appears that a certain John Wil-
closed papers, wherein /j/uil:,
at
stations,
Lewis -Town, n. person in several important publick endeavouring to enforce submission to Great Brit-
is
it
made of such
1358
of great importance that severe examples be A spirited exertion of the powers of traitors.
the United States to apprehend such, when the enemy is in neighbourhood, will give spirit to our friends, and dis-
their
courage our enemies from making an open declaration of their principles.
By
order of Council :
DAVID RITTENHOUSE, Vice
To
President.
Hon. John Hancock, Esq.
the
to use their best
preservation of the State that additional powers be given to the Governour and Council during a limited lime, for the more speedy execution of the most vigorous and effectual
1776.
As he is not resident of this State, nor a subject of the we conceived it to be our duty to give you this inform-
ation, as
it
endeavours to forward and encourage the recruiting service, upon which the safety and happiness of their country so much depends. And whereas the present imminent danger of America, and the ruin and misery which threatens the good people of this Commonwealth and their posterity, calls for the utmost exertions of our strength, and 'tis become necessary for the
DECEMBER.
&c.,
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
December 22d, 1776.
SIR: The Council this day received the enclosed letters from Ticonderoga. Their contents are so melancholy and important that we think it our duty to transmit them to you without delay. America has suffered more from herself than her enemies, and until a thorough reform can take place in the several While departments, opposition will be vain. more offices and a greater share of the publick business are heaped upon the same person than he can possibly attend to, the fault is not his if they are but indifferently executed. It is the most important matter which can at this time attract the attention of Congress, and we hope to meet with their indulgence when we press it few upon them. naked, sickly, and ill-attended troops, must fall a prey to
A
own distresses, if not to the enemy. The blessing of Heaven can scarcely be expected to attend a cause, how-
their
ever good, while the men of it, are so ill rewarded. I
have the honour
to
who expose
by order of Council,
be,
very humble servant,
their lives in support
your
DAVID RITTENHOUSE, V. ft. Ticonderoga, December
SIR:
sir,
4, 1776.
yours, as President to the Council of Safety, by Captain Fishbourn, complaining that the solI cannot answer for any diers was not paid. neglect of
received
I
that sort before
I
had the regiment.
very well
I
know
that
was discharged from the general hospital by the Doctors, as unfit for service, said to be by General Gatcs's I have ordered orders, which the General positively denies. the sick
all
an advertisement in the papers, setting forth the mistake of their being discharged, and that they shall be paid all that's due them. Is it not very extraordinary, that Messrs. Mease if
Caldwell
know what the soldiers is to pay and that one half of the wages is
will not let us
for their clothes, &c.,
How is it possible the stopped, now almost for a year? men should have justice done them, when the pay is withheld by all the Paymasters, by Mease If Caldwell's orders? Even
the half-pay that's received,
Pray now, who
of cash.
answer
for
from our
own
very lately, for want
We have
enough
to
the soldiers have just aver they have, let the saddle
neglect, but
cause of complaint, which I be put on the horse it belongs
For
is
fault?
is in
to.
if
Fair play
is
a
jewel.
Army place, which did consist of twelve or thirteen thousand men, sick and well, no more than nine hundred pair of shoes have been sent. One third at least of the poor wretches is now barefoot, and in this condition obliged to do duty. This is shocking to humanity. at
this
all
this
cannot be viewed
in any milder light than black murder. poor creatures is now (what's left alive) laying on the cold ground, in poor thin tents, and some none at all, and many down with the pleurisy. No barracks, no hospitals It
The
go in. The barracks your heart would melt. to
is
I
at
Saratoga.
If
you was here,
paid a visit to the sick yesterday,
The first object prelaying dead at the door, the inside two more laying dead, two living lying between them the had so laid for fotir-and-twenty hours. living with the dead in
a small house, called a hospital.
sented
my
eyes, one
man
;
I went no further; this was too much to see, and too much to feel, for a heart with the least tincture of humanity. I am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant, Jos. WOOD.
N. B. blanket
in
At
present the store.
'Ihos. JV/iarton, Jun.,
we have Esq.,
not one pair of shoes nor
President to the honourable
Council of Safety, Philadelphia.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1359
Ticonderoga, 4th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Yours
the same.
of the 19th October I received, and
1 have made strict inquiry concerning note the contents. the supposed fraud you mention, and find no just foundaIf any of the soldiers have tion for a charge of thai nature. their pay, il is not the officers who were home without gone I believe there was some discharged the service, to blame.
of the General Hospital, contrary to orders, by the Directors These were not paid off. at Fort George. should still conclude that it was the But lest that
you
officers' fault, I
am
to inform
you
that our regiment never
received pay but twice since they left Philadelphia, consethe men monthly. their power to quently had it not in pay Add lo this, one half of their wages is stopped by order of to fourteen pounds, for the payment
Congress, amounting Here there may be of not more than seven or eight pounds. some ground for complaint, although none where it is so liberally bestowed. You may rest assured I make it my study to see justice done to the soldiers. I could wish equal care had been The wretched condition they taken in every department. are now in for want of almost every necessary of the con-
venience of life, except flour and bad beef, is shocking to We have neither humanity, and beggars all description. beds or bedding for our sick to lay on or under, other than no medicine or regimen suitable for their own clothing them; the dead and dying laying mingled together in our of carnage, is no uncommon sight. hospital, or rather house of your notice, as well as of These are ;
objects truly worthy your most obedient, humble servant,
To
ANT'Y
WAYNE
DECEMBER,
&c.,
Query,
Is
important stations at
he
a
proper person juncture?
HENRI FISHER. Witness present when the above request was made: Witness to prove Major Willbank' s willingness to comply with Howe's proclamation, Widow Elizabeth Hall, Adam Hall. rr ^
IHOS. GRAY.
Philadelphia, Tuesday,
leaving behind them many knapsacks and other necessaries, amongst which was a hat shol through ihe crown. Bui the nexl morning, the enemy advancing with a considerable reinforcement, supposed lo be about two thousand men, with seven or eight field-pieces, our little army was obliged
(which they performed with great regularity) to by superiour numbers and in the evening they had another skirmish al Mount-Holly, in which the enemy, as an inlelligeni person informs, had In boih skirmishes our people several killed and wounded. had only iwo killed and seven or eight wounded. Our Army is al Moorelown, and lhat of the enemy is at Mountto retreal
prevenl iheir being out-flanked
mu-
Thursday, 19th September. After this, and appeared on the parade under arms. hundred two about with their arms in parties, they deserted men in the whole, fifty of whom are here now, the rest have taken other roads. to their complaints, the
want of
having their battalion
some have deserted immediately after The Musket
to the 1st September. Part of the Rifle clothed.
full
were
want of pay, the want of
blankets, the not receiving the particular As to the pay, they had the whole to
species of rations: the 1st of August, and
pay
battalion had
Philadelphia, but had rifle-shirts, and of blankets necessary, but they have about half the quantity Their complaint of want are scarce of shirts and stockings. is not just. of They cannot indeed procure the their clothes at
left
provisions
mentioned in the rations. of desertion is owing lo the loss of cause very great
particular species
A
their Field Officers.
A
to desert, (about thirty,) but were preparty attempted A corporal at their head thrust with his vented by force. The corbayonet at Lieutenant Lang, which he parried.
The same corporal cocked his piece at is in custody. Ensign Davis, and attempted lo fire. One Kelly, of Captain Brown's company, and Sergeant Scannel, of Howell's poral
company,
;
Holly.
Bristol,
tinied,
As
24, 1776.
hear, from good authority, that on Sunday last, between Slab-Town and the Black Horse, in the Jerseys, a party of our Army, under the command of Colonel Griffin, had a skirmish with the Hessians, and that the enemy were forced to retreat with precipitation, having some killed, and
COLONEL JOSEPH REED TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
EuInformation received from Captain FARMER, Captain WIN, Lieutenant LANG, Lieutenant GOURLEY.
clothes, the
December
We
are principal ringleaders.
December
22, 1776.
SIR Pomroy, whom I sent by your order to go to Amboy, and so through the Jersey and round by PrinceHe went to ton to you, returned to Burlington yesterday. South-Amboy, but was not able to get over, upon which he came up to Brunswick, passed on to Princeton, and was prevented going to Pennington, upon which he returned to
DEAR
three battalions
to serve in these
this critical
the Committee of Safety for the State of Pennsylvania.
The
1360
1776.
:
Burlington by way of Cranberry. His intelligence is that he saw no troops, baggage wagons, or artillery, going to New-York, except about eight wagons, which he understood had the baggage of some of the Light-Horse who had been relieved, and were going into At Cranberry, he saw sixteen wagons going down quarters. to South-Amboy for the baggage of aboul five hundred men who were lo quarter aboul Cranberry inlisted Tories, commanded by one Lawrence. At Brunswick, he saw four the number of men he could not learn, pieces of cannon but they did not exceed six hundred or eight hundred. Princeton, he says, was called Head-Quarters; and there he saw a very considerable body of troops coming out of the College, Meeting-house, and other places where they He understood they were sellled in iheir winter quartered. quarters, and had given over further operations till the spring. In Burlington County he found them scattered through all the fanners' houses, eight, ten, twelve, and fifteen, in a house, and rambling over the whole country. Colonel Griffin has advanced up the Jerseys, with six hundred men, as far as Mount-Holly, within seven miles of He has wrote their Head-Quarters at the Black Horse. over here for two pieces of artillery, and two or three hundred volunteers, as he expected an attack very soon. The ;
of the Militia here are very high ; they are all for Colonel Cadwalader and the gentlemen supporting him. can either here all agree lhat they should be indulged. give him a strong reinforcement, or make a separate attack. spirits
Sussex,
in
Delaware, December 19th, 1776.
Isaac Smith, of Egg-Harbour, of Gloucester County,
in
the State of New-Jersey, says that he was at the town of Lewis, on the 18th instant; lhal he saw Major John Willbank come to the house of Major Henry Fisher, in said town, and that he heard the said Willbank ask Mr. Fisher
he had any of the proclamations sent on shore from the for that he had advertised the people to meet, and that he wanted one of them to read to them. Mr. Fisher answered, he had given them out to any body
if
Roebuck man-of-war,
that asked for them,
and
Which
certify.
I
do hereby
at present
had not any
in
the house.
The same Major John H'illbank, above-mentioned, was one of the Convention for the Delaware State, and has laken the oath of allegiance lo the said State; is now one of the Legislative Council for the same, one of ihe Council of bafety for ihe County of Sussex, and Military Treasurer for
We
The
latter
effecls.
Il
bids fairest for producing the greatest is iherefore determined to make all
and besl possible
and no
evenl happening to change our preparation to-day, measures, the main body here will cross the river to-morrow morning, and attack their post between this and the Black
Horse; proceeding from thence eilher to the Black Horse or to Ihe Square, where aboul two hundred men are posted, as things shall turn out with Griffin. If they should not attack Griffin as he expects, it is probable both our parties may advance to the Black Horse, if success atlends the
intermediate attempt.
If they should collect their force
march against
and
Griffin, our attack will have the best effects in preventing their sending troops on that errand, or breaking up their quarters and coming in upon their rear, which
we must endeavour
to
do
in
order to save Griffin.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1361
We
fee.,
DECEMBER,
do that, they may be most usefully employed. would recommend to you to call in as many men as can be got, for the express purpose of working, for we shall most undoubtedly have occasion for every man who can procure
all of opinion, my dear General, that something attempted to revive our expiring credit, give our cause some degree of reputation, and prevent a total depreciation of the Continental money, which is coming in very fast
If they will
that even a failure cannot be more fatal than to remain in our present situation. In short, some enterprise must be undertaken in our present circumstances, or we must give up the cause. In a little time the Continental Army is dissolved. The Militia must be taken before their spirits and
or bear a musket.
must
are
I
lie
In less than ten days from this time, my be reduced to a few Virginia and one Maryland Colonel Hand's, and the regiments lately under regiment Colonel Miles, all very thin. The enemy are most assuredly waiting for that crisis; and except I am strongly reinforced by Militia, nothing can hinder them from reaching Philadel-
Army
patience are exhausted, and the scattered divided state of the enemy affords us a fair opportunity of trying what our men will do when called to an offensive attack. Will it not
we
would, therefore, entreat you to collect every man Send people out to contradict the reports that are circulated that we have more men than we want, from which many, perhaps, that would turn out, if they thought there was a real necessity, remain at home. I have ordered the Militia of this County to meet on the
New- Jersey, or any the effect would be greater than if it, Allow me to hope that you will con-
28th, and march to Philadelphia ; that of Northampton as soon as possible ; and have directed the Colonels to make
me
your own good judgment and spirit, and not let the goodness of your heart subject you to the influences of opinions from men in every respect your inferiour. Something must be attempted before the sixty days expires which the Commissioners have allowed for however many affect to sult
make
to discharge all the
;
stores, as
to it, and I appearance attends our arms and cause before that time, a
I
To
very great number of the Militia officers here will follow the example of those of New- Jersey, and take benefit from it.
my own sentiments, that our cause is desperate and hopeless, if we do not take the opportunity of the collection of troops at present to strike some stroke. Our affairs are hasting fast to ruin, if we do not retrieve is now equal dear General, with small must not suffer ourselves to be flattering appearances. lulled into security and inaction, because the enemy does not cross the river. It is but a reprieve: the execution is
Delay with us
not deceived,
We
the more certain will cross
for I
;
the river in
my
am
very clear that they can and spite of any opposition we can give
them.
Pardon the freedom I have used. The love of my counwife and four children in the try, a enemy's hands, the respect and attachment I have to you, the ruin and poverty that must attend rne and thousands of others, will plead excuse
I am, with the greatest respect and regard, dear obedient and affectionate humble servant,
J.
sir,
between General
GENTLEMEN: I am honoured with yours of the 18lh and 20th. I am of opinion, with you, that the ships which made their appearance in Delaware Bay never intended to come up, unless to create a division below, and thereby draw your attention from the upper But I hope" the part of the river.
by water
Your serves
and
all
apprehensions of an attack
time to come.
collection of old clothes for the use of the
my warmest
shall
think
for a
you of
thanks.
Army
de-
are of the greatest use, I they are most wanted.
They
be distributed where
the Committee, or some proper persons were appointed, to go through the County of Bucks, and make a collection of blankets, &tc., in the manner have done in if
you
Philadelphia,
it
would be
better than doing
it
in
ing to
accomplish with but little success. it;
for
time remark, that
but
my
have been endeavourattempts have been attended I
For the
prisoners belonging to the sent in from Jersey, General Howe, or rather his
Pennsylvania, and Maryland, Commissary, has undertaken, of
mere motion, and connumber belonging my were not called for, and whose releasement should I have have been postponed till after that of many others. wrote to General Hoive upon the subject, and presume in future that none will be sent out but those who are named by me. That this business may not remain an object of further delay, I would advise that all the prisoners in your
trary to to us who
his
express requisition, to return a
two exact lists of the names, corps, and ranks of the officers, and the number of privates, signed by the officer of the highest rank, one to be sent in with him, accompanied by a line General Howe, that the particular prisoners belonging to and to be received in exchange, will be required by me ; to which end I must request that the other list be immeto me, that the requisition may be made. diately transmitted It may be objected that the enemy's force, already formibut the sufferings of our dable, should not be augmented to
us,
;
The cartel has unfortunate people call for the exchange. been agreed on, and I am satisfied the prisoners, when released and in arms against us, will not do us half the damage The influence of those they would were they to continue. who have gone from hence has been attended with the most and pernicious effects. have the honour to be, with great respect, your most
injurious I
obedient servant,
a military
r
Same
to
Go. WASHINGTON.
New-Hampshire, except the
last
paragraph.]
many
if
any who can spare without inconvenI would assist-
ience, refuse to do it, ance to take from them.
immediately give proper
have not a musket to furnish the Militia who are withThis demand upon me makes it necessary to remind you that it will be needless for those to come down who have no arms, except they will consent to work upon I
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO LEWIS CORDON. Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 22d December, 1776.
Council of Safety for this State have, by their resolve of the 17th instant, empowered me to call out the Militia of the County of Northampton to the assistance of under my command, that by our the Continental
SIR
the fortifications, instead of taking their tour of military duty.
VOL.
III.
:
The
Army
out arms.
FIFTH SERIES.
since the cartel has been settled
and myself,
Army, and who have been
British
people who would be willing to contribute or sell, if asked so to do by their neighbours or acquaintances, feel themselves hurt when the demand is made, backed by an armed force. But I would at the same
way by me;
Ever
of.
Howe
State be immediately sent in to the commanding officer of the British troops on the Island of Rhode-Island, taking
SAFETY.
rid
above Trenton Falls, December 22, 1776.
The
stances will admit
KEED.
Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 22d December, 1776.
soon
removal of
here.
Go. WASHINGTON.
am, &c.,
Camp
your
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF
will
for the
Army
accounts received from New-York respecting the distresses of our prisoners induce me to recommend to your honourable body that measures should be taken to effect an exchange as soon as possible and as far as circum-
His Excellency General Washington, Head-Quarters.
weather
wagons not wanted
a sufficiency for the
the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
SIR:
my
much freedom.
for so
we have
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL.
I will not disguise
Be
is
kind enough to inform the officers of this, and direct them to do it. Colonel Biddle has given directions to Major Mifflin
very evident that a very serious attention is paid am confident that unless some more favourable
to a defeat.
who refuse to appear. necessary that as the Militia come in they should Be a return of their numbers to General Putnam.
a return of those
It
it, it is
them by some happy event.
I
you possibly can.
could possess ourselves again of
despise
will
phia.
be possible, my dear General, for your troops, or such part of them as can act with advantage, to make a diversion, or something more, at or about Trenton 1 The greater the alarm the more likely success will attend the attacks. If considerable part of we had never left it.
1362
1776.
joint
endeavours we
enemy, who
the progress of the put a stop to
making preparations
delphia, as by boats or upon
g6
may
to advance to Philasoon as they can cross the Delaware, either As I am unacquainted with the ice.
are
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1363
names of the Colonels of your
the
Militia, I
have taken the
in which you will please liberty to enclose you six letters, to insert the names of the proper officers, and send them
immediately to them, by persons
in
whom
If there are not as
for the delivery.
you can confide
many Colonels
as let-
I most ters, you may destroy those that are not wanted. of the gentlemen ot earnestly entreat yon, sir, and the rest the people your Committee, to exert your influence among and endeavour to make them turn out geneof the
County,
defence of their capital, which will most assuredly a sacrifice, unless the Militia of the Province contribute Those who are so far lost to a love largely to its defence. to lend a hand to its support at refuse to their as of rally
in
fall
country
may depend upon being treated as their baseness and want of publick spirit will most justly dethis critical time,
am,
sir,
your most obedient servant,
Go. WASHINGTON. P. S. Please
to
make me
a return of the names of the
dif-
ferent Colonels.
Gordon, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of Northampton, at Easton.
To Lewis
TO THE COLONELS OF MILITIA OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, CIRCULAR.
PENNSYLVANIA.
The
honourable the Council of Safety of the State of Pennsylvania having, by a resolve passed the 17th day of
December, authorized
this instant, tia
me
to call forth the Mili-
at Northampton County, to aid and
assist
the Continen-
hereby require you immethe of to order your battalion to issue Captains diately orders to the officers and privates of their respective companies to meet and join in battalion, with their arms and accoutrements in good order, at such time and place as you shall judge most convenient for that purpose, taking care that it may be as soon as you think such orders can -reasonto the people. And ably and conveniently be conveyed tal
Army under my command,
when your battalion, or any part of them, are so met, you are immediately to march to the city of Philadelphia, and there put yourself under the command of Major-General Putnam, or whoever the commanding officer may be and I further require you to make me an exact return of the names and places of abode of such officers and privates as refuse so to meet and march to Philadelphia, that they may ;
Given
at
Head-Quarters,
in
December, 17 T6.
to directs.
Bucks County, this 22d of Go WASHINGTON.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL HEATH. Head-Quarters, at Keith's, December 22d, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: I have been favoured with yours of the 13th instant, and wish you may have succeeded in your intended scheme to dislodge the enemy from Hackensack bridge. In my letter of the 13th, I transmitted you a copy of a letter from the Council of the Massachusetts-Bay, advising that six thousand men were corning from that State, under General Lincoln, to supply the place of the Militia which had returned home, and of their troops whose time of ser-
At the time of
vice will soon expire.
I
it
writing, thought probable that their reinforcement might be ordered to the State of Rhode-Island, in case of an invasion, and which I find has actually taken place, and, therefore, did not so Indeed, I had strenuously urge that it should be sent here. then hopes, from the information I had received, that a large
proportion
of the Eastern troops,
who were marching
to
reinlisted;
but, to
come on troops have talions
which,
I
am
my
may be That
in Connecticut, to serve to the 15th of March next, that after securing the passes and fortifications in the Highlands with a sufficient number, which, I should ima-
fifteen hundred men at which, I apprehend, will be provided for the purpose by the Convention of New- York, you will forward on all the rest with the utmost expedition,
would not exceed twelve or
able to collect for the de-
city
is
now
the object of the
have come
when they hear that other Slates are applied to, and pushing in aids for their defence, perhaps they will arouse Irom that lethargy which now keeps them back, against the tion
;
most pressing calls of interest. In a word, sir, my situation and that of our cause, is critical and truly alarming. Without vigorous exertions and early succours, I do not see what
their
passage;
agree
in this.
1
appearances and many concurring reports
have received yours of the 15th, and
of your success of great service.
at
Hackensack ; the
am happy
stores
you got
to hear will
be
By a letter just received from General McDougall, I find he has been much indisposed, and is now at Morristown. I intend to write him to return to Peekskill, to conduct matters in that department with General George Clinton, requesting you and General James (Clinton to come on with the Eastern troops which I have mentioned, if they have arrived at Peekskill, and it should be necessary for him to come. I
To
am, dear
sir,
Go. WASHINGTON.
yours, &ic.,
Major-General Heath.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL SPENCER. Camp, above the Falls of Trenton, December 22d, 177G. SIR: When I wrote to you on the 14th instant, 1 had little doubt of receiving considerable support from the Militia of this State, and was taught to believe that a large part of the old troops (coming on with General Lee) had reinlisted. In the first, I have every reason in the world to fear a dis-
appointment;
in
the latter, I find myself wofully deceived.
therefore, to conceive than describe the situation left, or shall be in a few days, with only a very few
It is easier, I
am
in,
Southern regiments (reduced almost to nothing) to oppose Howes main Army, already posted in such a manner as to pour in his whole force upon us so soon as the frost affords him a passage over the Delaware, and our numbers such as to give no effectual opposition. Thus circumstanced, it is a matter of concern to me, that in my last I directed you to take back any of the Militia designed for the support of the Army under my command; and have to request that, instead of ordering the return of
any of those that were destined
for this department, (by order of their respective States,) that you will hasten them on with all possible expedition, as I see no other chance of saving Philadelphia, and preventing a fatal blow to America, in
whence
the loss of a city from
so
much
of our resources
are drawn.
With respect to yourself, you will proceed agreeable to It is not possible for me at this the directions in my former. distance to lay down any particular rule for your conduct ; circumstances, and the advice of your officers, must govern General Arnold, who comes on to you, particularly that of
your assistance. 1 am, sir, yours, &c., P. S. Let
To
me
Go. WASHINGTON.
hear from you frequently.
Major-General Spencer.
GENERAL M'DOUGALL TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Morris-Town, 22d December, 177G.
and also the four batadvised by Governour Trumbull, have
farthest, besides the forces
1364
As yet but few succours belonging to in, nor do I hear that many are in mo-
possible exertion. this State
to Peekskill,
been raised
gine,
1776.
Let me entreat you to impress the officers enemy's designs. and men with a due sense of its importance in the present contest for our liberty, and that without their speedy and I am early arrival it may be lost. persuaded these considerations will be duly regarded, and urge them on to every
join
great distress and mortification, I find the report to have been without the least foundation, and that in the course of a few days, I am to be left I therefore with a handful of men. request that if these
me, had
such troops as I fence of Philadelphia.
to join
I
be dealt with as the resolve above referred
DECEMBER,
reasonable hope there will be to preserve Philadelphia from falling into the enemy's hands. They will attempt to possess it as soon as the Delaware is so frozen as to admit of
serve. I
&c.,
MY DEAR GENERAL to
was happy to find that your favour Colonel Vote directed him to stay in this Slate. But I :
I
am
extremely chagrined that the object of that order is not be effected. This State is totally deranged, without Government, or
likely to
officers, civil or
military, in
it,
that will act with any spirit.
Many of them have gone to the enemy for protection, others are out of the Slate, and the few that remain are mostly in-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
13G5
The
decisive in their conduct. in
:
The
another.
Newark,
force of the
enemy
at
those posts
and between them cannot, upon the lowest computation, on thousand nine hundred men. good advice, be less than three Last night I called a council of the principal gentlemen and officers of the Militia, to determine what was proper to be done in the present exigency of our affairs. They were all the Militia which could be raised, that of clearly opinion
with the Continental troops, of the the of enemy. I then represented to them the instrength to fall into the of exposing Colonel Vase's corps utility hands of the enemy, which would retard the new levies and
would
loss to
Upon
most sanguine, it was determined to keep the Continental till we should be informed whether troops for a day or two, after the enemy were likely to work relief by motions your or whether you could spare any support as the diversion ;
enemy was being cut
But as my enemy move
retiring.
off, if
the
retreat
to
was
in
danger of
Morris-Town,
as
was
the troops to this town, to apprehended, I have withdrawn the country, and left with communication open keep my to watch the motions of the enemy. below guards If the Militia do not collect in a day or two, (as summonses are gone out for that purpose,) 1 shall be obliged, if
enemy move towards
carry off the troops to join General Heath, as I shall not be able to procure provisions
the
this, to
you indeed, it will be difficult to get enough march to King's Ferry. The warrants are not issued to raise the Continental troops, nor are there any levies which were to serve to the first steps taken to raise the If some relief is not afforded to them, (and I of April. am at a loss to know from whence it can come,) more than
sufficient to join
;
for their
I
have
my
in
power, they will
fall
an easy prey to the
When I anticipate the bad consequences the common cause from the submission
that will result
of
this State,
it
me almost unfit for any business. The Northern cost me my eldest son, and the capexpedition of last year to is now a who of the other, prisoner on his parole tivity As he was at the taking of St. John's General Carleton. and Chamble, I cannot but be of opinion that he is entitled renders
to the benefit of
one of the
officers
taken at those posts, for
He was
his release.
a prisoner longer than any taken to the and, in this view, a claim to be released before
southward His name is Ranald Stephen McDougall ; was Secthem. ond Lieutenant in my old regiment. If the General has ;
naming of the officers who are to be exchanged for those taken at St. John's and Chamble, 1 beg this youth may be one of them. Frequent interruptions I hope will excuse the incorrectness of this, as well as apologize for not copying it. I have the honour to be, with great truth and regard, the
your Excellency's very humble servant,
ALEXANDER McDoucALL.
GENERAL SULLIVAN TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 14th March
:
MUCH RESPECTED
Ordered
to lie for further consideration.]
Wright-Town, 22J December, 1776. I beg leave to introduce to your
SIR and acquaintance, the bearer, Captain He has been with us some months, and has ever Verncjou. At the time discovered to be the gentleman and soldier. General Lee was taken, he acted with the greatest bravery and resolution and had the whole that were there acted with the same spirit, our country would not have experienced :
Excellency's notice
;
I beg the loss of so worthy an officer as General Lee. to take such notice of him your Excellency and the Congress
man
of his merit deserves. with much esteem, your Excellency's 1 am, most obedient servant, as a
Dear
sir,
JNO. SULLIVAN.
To
his
quire into the matter, and order every article returned, as I am determined to inquire into it, and if the whole are not
taken care of for the use of the Continent, to advertise the state of the affair in full, looking upon the appropriation of such goods to private purposes worse than plundering or stealing.
From,
To
the
Excellency John Hancock, Esq.
sir,
your most obedient, and very humble servant, ISAAC NICOLL, Colonel.
Hon. Major-General Heath.
MAJOR HUGHES (COMMISSARY) TO GENERAL HEATH. Peekskill,
DEAR GENERAL
December 22d, 1776.
when the Tories, the arms, &,c., arrived. They are to go up by water, tomorrow morning, with eight others, brought in to-day. General Wadsworth writes me that the time for which I
:
was
at the Fishkill
were inlisted elapses on Tuesday next ; in conof which, 1 set out in the morning to give direction sequence relative to the camp furniture, &.c. his brigade
If the
Bay
Militia are not in very soon, that
is,
in four
we
stand a pretty good chance of wintering in New-York I mean those that don't feel poorly. Colonel Little, who has the command, (Colonel Nicoll or five days,
being gone home,) fix an alarm post. for that
endeavouring to raise a picket, and waited on him two or three days since
is
I
He
purpose.
is,
in
my
opinion, a most excellent
but, unhappily, at this time is really unable to go through the duties of the post. I shall inform General Spencer of our situation, and wait on General James Clinton,
man,
when
I hope you'll pardon my officiousness, for I I return. cannot help thinking that a few enterprising men might seize The cannon are going up by water this post with ease. to-morrow to the Fishkill. This, I understand by Major of a is in message from General Spenconsequence Craft,
cer.
The
enemy. to
SIR: Upon examination, I was surprised to find that the goods and chattels taken from Joshua Barns, on their way to the Ministerial Army, were not returned unto the Quartermaster-General's store by Colonel Prescott, according to I General Washington's orders. hope your Honour will in-
far short,
fall
the cause in general, without any prospect of who would not aid in it themaffording support to a people the council, the to the selves. whole, satisfy some of
be a
Peeks-Kill, 21 December, 1776.
the
;
1366
1776.
COLONEL NICOLL TO GENERAL HEATH.
Militia are without leaders,
power of the enemy, are disand active enemies numerous have besides, they pirited and false friends among them. Those under Colonel Ford, since the late skirmish, have decreased to about two hundred. In this deplorable state, I have received intelligence different ways that the enemy have it in design to march to this town from three different routes, viz from Brunswick via via Chatham; and from Baskinridge; from Elizabeth-Town and many of them, not
DECEMBER,
&c.,
secret expedition of our Convention remains a secret
body but the Tories and enemy. Such a tardy race of animals never before composed a Senate. I am, dear General, your most obedient, and very humble to every
servant >
The Hon.
HUGH HUGHES. Major-General Heath.
GENERAL JAMES CLINTON TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fort Montgomery, 22 December, 1776. send you enclosed a letter which I received last night from General Spencer, wherein you will see the necessity of sending him a number of men, as the will be discharged next Tuesday, troops under his command of time their engagement being then expired. And pray consider that the time of engagement of all the men at
GENTLEMEN
:
I
Peekskill, Fort Independent, Fort Constitution, and those near New- Windsor, (belonging to my brother's brigade,) I have five companies last day of this month. expires the their times are out I canwhen but here of my regiment, not tell, nor never could find out, as they were inlisted by different officers, who put just what constructions they on their warrants and I believe they have never pleased ;
informed me right. Captain Swarlwout says that his first of this month, and some before; the out were men's time and some of them have run off without a discharge, and I I understand can't punish them for it, as he justifies them. the last of there are many more who say their time is out and what to do with them I cannot tell, till I this month ;
if I could persuade them all to 1 believe I might the most of next them) (as spring stay of little service, as several of them are withthey would be this long time on that out shoes, &cc., and has done no duty come hard on the few that account, which makes the duty I send Captain Swartwoul with are provided with them. for himself concerning his comanswer he that may this,
have your directions; but till
pany.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1367
me he had
sent a quantity of can't find out that any has come here;
Captain Schenck informed flour to this fort, but I
and
if
soon,
we are not provided we shall want no men
with a quantity of flour, and here.
am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, JAMBS CLINTON, B. General.
I
P. S. Enclosed pany, made
is
a return of Captain Sivartwout's
of
but must return
ever
my
for
inclination
my
answer that my domesiick affairs (whatmight be) would be a sufficient bar to
PETER GREEN.
From your humble servant, David Gillinan, Esq., Pembroke.
ARTHUR LEE TO LORD SHELBURNE.
yesterday.
New-York,
1368
1776.
acceptance,
com-
December 23d, 1776.
Paris,
President of the honourable Convention of the State
The
DECEMBER,
Sic.,
Fishkill.
MY
LORD: A very few hours
Lordship, brought
me
the desire
my last letter to your of my country to serve her after
Your Lordship, publick character. well of me to suppose I could hesitate a in a
HESTER DE WITT TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Fishkill Landing, December 22, 1776. distressful situation of my husband,
GENTLEMEN: The now a prisoner with the enemy
the city of New- York, for the want of the necessary assistand starving suffering ance I am capable of affording him, drives me to the necesHonours with these few lines, praying sity of troubling your will please to take in your consideration to allow me you the privilege of going to him with my children and what circumstances at present plead little I have with me. in
My
Your granting me to be with him. strongly in my favour of the be means will above the assisting a distressed request friend to his country, who is suffering in the common cause, and to the utmost oblige your humble servant,
HESTER DE WITT. New- York.
the honourable Convention of the State of
To
almost the same minute saw
whom
But the
first
wish of
heart
fore, the liberties
Albany, December 22, 1776.
I
am
led
to
believe those
I am appointed a Captain in companies cannot stand. As Colonel Warner's regiment by the honourable Continental I hoped to see more service Congress, a corps in which than in the one I now belong, I beg leave to return you most hearty thanks nosv, and the rest of the gentlemen, my and done to honour the me, for hope they will accept of
my
resignation,
of the expenses
is
my
and that a reimbursement may be ordered I have been at in raising those 1 have in-
To
sir,
your most obedient, humble
at Fish-Kill.
Providence, December 22, 1776. I
this
minute returned
from Bristol.
Left
the
Massachusetts-Bay, in a state of general discontent, arising, as they inform me, from their being for the camp. I have unprovided with necessary clothing ordered one regiment of our three months' men (as they are on that post at present. Those, with called) to remain about fourteen hundred under General West, are, in my
Militia there from the
number
opinion, a
sufficient
now
for that station.
to suggest to your Honour state of the few Militia now there, let
beg
them
I
there-
whether, considering the it would not be best to
return to their several homes.
Indeed,
it
will
be
not impossible, to keep them. Honour's most obedient servant,
difficult, if
Your
country
;
the
I
erty in It is
publick security, nor the ruthless Thurloe, deliberately butchering the liberties of his country, that make me despair; hut yet, perhaps, the people are only not virtuous, and America may yet, with a sort of filial piety, reanimate her expiring Constitution.
Our Pater
Patrice, with is
whom
and Mr. Deane
I
am
in
more respectable.
measure be found fatal to Engit is the of her Ministers, which would never land, perfidy offer any thing that could be trusted, which compels it, and to which the consequences are justly imputable. I beg your Lordship to remember me as one who can I never cease to have the most perfect esteem for you. have communicated to the Abbe Raynal all the facts I could He will write to you collect, in answer to his questions. Should the event of
this
soon.
May I beg to be remembered to our friends in the college and to those out of it, who, I hope, will always do me the honour of remembering me; Colonel Barre, Mr. Dunning, Dr. Priestly, Dr. Price, Sic. I have the honour to be, &,c.,
ARTHUR LEE.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. SIR:
I
do myself the honour
to
December 23d, 1776.
acknowledge the receipt
they were duly laid before Congress. As General Lee, by the fortune of war, has become a prisoner in the hands of our enemies, the Congress are anx-
GENERAL LINCOLN TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. SIR:
my
of your several favours of the 12th, 13ih, and 15th instant, in the order of their respective dates, and to inform you that
ABNER SEELYE.
>
John Sessions, Esq.,
fore
is
Baltimore,
am, with due esteem,
servant
life
have long despaired even of a struggle for libEngland; I will not insult Scotland with the idea. not the subtle Weddeburne, poisoning the fountain of
In truth,
listed. I
my
I must see, therepublick liberty. country established or perish in her
not where she can find a sacrifice
SIR: The Committee of Cumberland and Gloucester having appointed me to the command of Captain Day's with company of Rangers, from whose influence, together arid other gentlemen of the Committee, appointed to yours muster said Rangers, I am led to believe I may be approved of by Convention. My being with you when examining into the conduct of those companies gave me an opportunity the many errours and omissions they were guilty of
which circumstance
most respected, and could have
If fate will good health and spirits. power, joined have it, that America, as she has reared her temples and her altars to liberty, must furnish her victims too, I know
ABNER SEELYE TO JOHN SESSIONS.
hearing
I
last struggle.
in
of; from
of
In fact,
me
object of
first
my
hope, thinks too
bid adieu, perhaps forever, from choice I had fixed rny fortunes,
to a country where and to a people
loved.
I
moment.
ious to afford
him
confinement.
They
all
the relief in their
have, therefore,
power during his resolved that a flag
be immediately sent to General Howe, to know in what manner General Lee is treated, and have directed Mr. R. Morris (to whom I have written on the occasion) to forward to you for his use, one hundred half-johannes. The United States, from every principle ol justice and generosity, are bound to render the situation of that gentleman as easy as His loss must be extremely possible during his captivity. regretted by every friend to this country. The Congress, upon reconsidering the vote of the llth instant,
have come
of your conduct
to a resolution expressing their approbation
in declining to publish
it
in
general orders.
They approve of your sending General Armstrong to Pennsylvania and General Smallwood to Maryland, to stimulate the people to exert themselves on this occasion. I have the pleasure to acquaint you that the Militia in the also
BENJ. LINCOLN. Governour Cooke.
upper
DOCTOR GREEN TO DAVID GILLMAN. Concord, 22 December, 1776.
Am obliged to SIR: I this day received your epistle. you for the good opinion you have been pleased to entertain of me, in desiring my company in the present campaign ;
are in motion, and seern which threatens them. multiplicity of business which the Congress
parts of
Maryland
at
last
left
un-
sensible of the danger
The
finished at the time of there departure from Philadelphia, has induced them to appoint a Committee of three gentlemen,
with
full
powers, to perfect the business
they shall
judge proper.
in
such manner as
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1369 You
pay the Militia who reinforce your same manner as you pay your other troops; to bear discharge, allow them a penny per mile
Taney-Town, December
the
Army,
in
and on
their
expenses on the way to their respective homes. enclosed resolves of Congress I transmit by their order, and beg leave to request your attention to them. I have the honour to be, with the utmost esteem and remost obedient and very humble servant, spect, sir, your their
The
JOHN HANCOCK,
SIR:
Thirty-Fifth Battalion met this day, and turned out tolerable well but are unable at present to ascertain the ;
volunteers; but shall let you know this week. officers to be commissioned are as the list enclosed.
number of
The
We
have, upon inquiry, found they were regularly chosen by the people. are, sir, your most obedient servant,
We
WM. To
PRESIDENT Or CONGRESS TO ROBERT MOURIS.
BENJAMIN RUMSEY TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
SIR: Your several favours of the 13th, 14th, 16th, and 17th instant, have been duly received, in the order of their In consequence and laid before Congress. respective dates, of which I am directed to transmit you the enclosed re-
Joppa, 23d December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Mr. James
Talbot, a merchant in Joppa, and an officer in the Militia, in the Eighth Battalion, is desirous of procuring a Captain's commission in the Regulars to be raised as the quota of this Province. I
sol ves.
The
intelligence of General Lee's being taken prisoner is in the present state of our Army; and I am really alarming afraid his loss will be severely felt, as he was in a great
of the
officers,
and possessed
still
BLAIR,
Brigadier-General Johnson.
Baltimore, December 23d, 1776.
idol
23d, 1776.
The
President.
His Excellency General Washington.
measure the
1370
1776.
WILLIAM BLAIR TO GENERAL JOHNSON.
please to
will
DECEMBER,
&c.,
more the
As tin fortune of war has made confidence of the soldiery. him a prisoner, the United States are bound, by every tie
have known him
for
some
He
time.
is
a cool, serious,
thinking man, a native of America; possesses, as far as I have ever heard, a fair character in trade and his dealings; has ever been ready to do his duly as a Militia officer; has on all occasions shown his readiness to meet the enemies of freedom upon every requisition. Early in this contest has solicited a
money to him, which the Congress deem a matter of so much importance that they have ordered a flag to be sent to Gen1 eral Howe, to know whether he will permit it or not.
commission, and, in my opinion, has spirit enough, added to his attachment to the cause, to meet the foe and do his duty in the field to the best of his skill and ability. Mr. John Wayne would accept of a Lieutenancy under He is a native of Great Britain, married into a family him. of this neighbourhood, seems much attached to the cause of liberty, is well acquainted with the manoeuvres generally taught in the Militia, and, I verily believe, would make a
to request that you will lodge, for this purpose, the above-mentioned sum in the hands
good officer. I am, gentlemen, your most humble servant,
of General Washington. The Congress, concurring in opinion with you that a Committee should be appointed in the city of Philadelphia
To
of justice and generosity, to afford him all the relief in their They have accordingly resolved that one hundred power. half-johannes should be sent to General Washington, for the use of General Lee, should it be found practicable to convey
am, however, directed by Congress
,
Maryland.
publick interest, and at the same time highly approving of the zeal and attention you have particularly discovered to the welfare of your country since their
to take care of the
departure from that city, have nominated Mr. Clyrner, Mr. Walton, and yourself, to execute such Continental business as
be necessary to transact
may
it
have
also directed that
in
They
Philadelphia.
two hundred thousand
dollars
be im-
mediately sent to the Commissary in Pennsylvania, subject to your drafts, and to be applied as you may judge proper.
Should this sum prove insufficient, you are empowered to draw on the Ijoan Office for any additional sum you may think necessary for publick purposes. The enclosed resolves will inform you that Congress highly approve of the conduct of yourself, Mr. Walton, and Mr.
Clymer,
in
the care you have taken of publick business, and of the attention you have shown and the plan
particularly
you have
preserving the Continental frigates. Be pleased to acquaint Mr. Peters that he is directed by the Board of War to repair to Baltimore as soon as possible,
where
laid for
his services are
judged absolutely necessary by Con-
gress.
have the honour to be, with very great respect, most obedient and very humble servant, I
JOHN HANCOCK, Pray forward the enclosed To Robert Morris, Esq.
to the
sir,
your
President.
General by express.
WILLIAM WHIPPLE TO JOHN LANGDON. Baltimore, 23d December, 1776.
My DEAR
CJESAR RODNEY TO THOMAS RODNEY. Dover, December the 23d, 1776.
DEAR
SIR:
I
have but
fore very little to write.
hear that the people of New- Castle County, by a sense of their duty, are rousing from their former slumber. There are some anxious spirits in this County, but fear they will not be able to produce another
Captain Avery, who accompanies Mr. Rose, signalized himself as a brave officer in defence of the fort on Sullivan's I Island. beg leave to recommend both these gentlemen to the circle of your friends; and am, with great respect, dear sir,
your most obedient servant,
time.
I
am
My
taken yesterday. All the rest of both families are perfectly well. From present God appearances, I think this campaign must soon end.
send
may, for this is a/most inclement season for the poor Nothing but the importance of the cause could in such a them support day of trial. Remember me to Johnny. Tell him I am pleased that he has entered the service, and that I hope he will set about the business of war with firmness, and make it his study to it
soldiers.
acquire knowledge 1 arn
by
in
that
way.
Don't forget
she
I
is
I
ice.
cannot
to write
by
CSSAR RODNEY.
yours,
P. S.
tell
what has become of the
be got down, and am afraid she wish she could be contrived down. to
To Captain Thomas
Rodney, Esq.,
in
shallop, or
may
be
lost
camp, near Trenton.
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read 26th.] Philadelphia,
Sin:
WM. WHIPPLE.
in
that in this great interesting cause. sister Sally is a little poorly
how
friend.
company
Mr. J. Dickinson, and the other gent" you mentioned, should have discovered sentiments inimical to the freedom and independence of the American States. I both hoped and believed they were of a different sentiment from very sorry that
are not unacquainted with. Mr. Rose is on his journey to the eastward, and, I understand, intends visiting Portsmouth; in that case. I doubt not he will receive every civility from
Mr. Purviance's
I
yesterday, and am much pleased that your company meet with applause. As they know how, I hope they will continue to deserve it. You say you feel better for the little have had. If you will take care to you campaigning expose yourself no more than the good of the service and your duty I am pleased to require, I do not doubt it will continue.
every opportunity.
to
news, little paper, and therereceived both your letters, the
little
last
SIR: This will be handed you by Alexander Rose, Esq., of Charlestown, South- Carolina, a friend of Samuel Purviance, Esq., of this town, whose character you
you due
BENJAMIN RUMSEV.
the honourable the Council of Safety of the State of
I
have the pleasure
nental fleet in this port
is
December 23d, 1776.
inform you that the Contiincreased by the arrival of the to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1371
Andrew Doria, Captain
Isaiah Robison, from St. Eustatia,
which place she left the beginning of this month, and next day fell in with a British sloop-of-wnr, of twelve guns, which she took after a very obstinate engagement, in which the Andrew Doria had two men killed, some wounded, the main-mast shot through, and some other damage. The
many men wounded,
sloop had
three shot through her mast, much damage done to her.
her sails shot to pieces, and This is one of the sloops the Lords of the Admiralty ordered Admiral Gayton to fit out at Jamaica; and Mr. Junes, who commanded her, has the King's commission as Master and Commander. He defended her obstinately, and is certainly a brave man. 1 will desire the Council of Safety to take his parole, and send him to some safe place. Captain Robison manned this prize, and ordered her in for this
He
also took a snow from Jamaica, laden with maand logwood, and ordered her for this port; but it is hogany next to an impossibility for them to get in. Nothing but the fast sailing of the Andrew Doria, and the extreme vigilance of the Captain, brought her safe past the enemy's ships, one port.
of which
lies in
the
Cape
May
channel.
cargo on board this brigantine consists of 2o8 dozen of worsted stockpair of woolen stockings, 106 dozen pair
23
215 plains, 30
pieces (900 yards) flannel,
and white
cloth,
ings,
sailors' jackets,
463
great-coats,
50
pieces
pieces blue, brown, blankets,218 pieces 7-8ths linen, conells, 496 muskets, 326 pairs of pistols,
6,795 Dutch and 100 pounds of powder, and 14,101 pounds of taining
Dutch
45
lead, for
account of the Continent. I received a letter last night from General Washington, by Colonel Moylan, requesting me to hurry Mr. Mease to have soldiers' clothes made up with all possible diligence. He says muskets are not wanted there, but that comfortable
Colonel Moylan advises is exceedingly wanted. to send up the stockings and great-coats now means by arrived, which I think todo; but shall tell the General they were intended for the new levies, and leave him to dispose of them as he may think most beneficial to the service. The linens, plains, and cloth, I will deliver to Mr. Mease, with orders to have them made up; but he will find much or near all, are at the camp, and difficulty, as all the tailors, the Council of Safety dare not order them down, for fear the
clothing all
The blankets shall also go to the General, be disposed of as he may think proper. The pistols, muskets, powder, and lead, 1 think had best be sent to Lancaster; but wish to hear from the Board of War, in answer to what I wrote before on this subject. The sailors' the fleet, being much wanted jackets must be put on board rest will follow. to
there.
Robison should put all the seamen prisoners on board the Randolph, Captain Biddle, and that the latter should compel them to do duty whether they enter or not, only following the example set us by the British I
propose that Captain
Mr. Davis Bcvan, of this city, was taken about five weeks and carried to New-York; from ago, coming into our capes, thence brought round in the Roebuck, and suffered to land
Cape Henlopen, under a promise to return. He told me that he heard Captain Hammond and other officers say they Six are now determined to put a total stop to our trade. off Georgia and Carolina, six were sent to cruise frigates off the capes of Virginia, and six off our capes. They have fixed signals and stations, so as to keep up a complete line along the coast, and are determined to keep these staat
troops
1776.
13- 2
the Jerseys, and
Judge Rosa
is
Lancaster.
at
1
think
it
advisable to send wagons to Egg-Harbour for the com and oats to feed the Continental horses in this city. These articles are very scarce here, and will bear the carriage; but I will consult General Putnam and the Wagoomastar on
As to the vessel, I am of opinion it would be subject. best to sell her, without waiting for condemnation, as the proofs of her guilt are clear and incontestable, and she lies
this
in
much danger
too
to wait
patiently for the usual forms.
However, Congress or the Marine Committee will please to give a positive order what must be done in this respect. Baldwin had retaken a French schooner that had been taken going out of our capes by one of the men-of-war He was bringing her into Egg-Harbour, cruising there. when a fleet of fifteen sail hove in sight, two of which were two-deckers, one or two frigates, and an armed briganline, pursued him so close that he was obliged to abandon his This happrize, and get into the inlet fast as he could. Wednesday. Being short of provisions, he intends and I wish he may escape the enemy. here You will perceive, sir, that our fleet will be pretty numerlast
in
coining
;
ous here, although their force but small, compared to the I have conversed with several dangers that surround them. of the Captains, and formed a plan for their getting safe out to sea, and taking such merchantmen with them as may be
They approve the plan, and I hope will execute it ready. but we must have time to get ready, and they must act with ;
great vigilance and spirit to effect
it.
occasion I cannot help saying that I am very I am neither instructed what to do, nor vested as 'uneasy, with proper powers to act as may appear best, f must, therefore, request that Congress, or the Marine Committee,
Upon
this
me pointedly what to do, or give me proper authority to act for the best, for the object is import-
will either instruct
and if misfortunes happen, which is very probable, it would be hard that 1 should hereafter be blamed when the
ant,
is known, for measures that appear previously to be well calculated for the publick good. The vessels to be got out are the Randolph, Delaware, Andrew Doria,
event
Indepcndr and Musquito, with many valuable merchantmen. The Lexington, Sachem, and Wasp, may be Sailors are hourly expected in, if they escape the enemy. scarce tradesmen at the camp, and a kind of stupor seems to have seized every body that ought to give us assistance, so that it is inconceivable how slowly all work goes on, and with how much difficulty we can get any thing done. I have cnce, Hornet, Fly,
;
applied to the Council of Safety to order down some tradesmen to finish the Delaware, if possible. They wish, but fear to
comply; and
if
they do not, she must after
all
remain
here.
General Washington desires me to remain here as long and promises to give me notice if any immediate
as possible,
act of Parliament.
tions throughout the winter, if possible. sent to Rhode-Island are to of the
DECEMBER,
sent these papers to the Council of Safety, who committed the men to jail, as there is no Judge of the Admiralty in
pened
The
&c.,
He
says only part remain there; the
Bevan is an intelligent remainder are going for Carolina. of had an and man, hearing and learning these opportunity things from Lord Howe's Under Secretary or Clerk, with \\hom he ingratiated himself, and was employed in writing 1 have sent Mr. Bcvan down, for him on board the Eagle. with the letter mentioned in my last, to Captain Hammond,
danger.
He
thinks the
enemy
and when they happen they against this city the 1st January,
that
is,
are only waiting
two events,
will
prosecute their designs for ice to cross the river, and for
when most of
his
Army
will disband;
and
he says y"ou might as well attempt to stop the winds from as stop them from blowing or the sun in its diurnal General Sullivan brought him going when their time is up. about two thousand men, General Gates about six hundred and his whole force now consists of about five thousand men,
;
besides the city Militia.
It's true,
the country Militia are
coming in, but I suppose as many will leave him the 1st January as will join before that time; and if so, it will not be possible for him to save this city out of the hands of the enemy, after they cross the Delaware. On this view of things, I think we ought to hazard every thing to get the ships out, and I shall advise Mr. Mease, Mr. Tod, and all others that have Continental stores, to be prepared for re-
moving them.
and I hope it will procure the discharge of Captain Morgan and the prisoners on board that fleet. The schooner Wasp, commanded by Lieutenant Bald-
It is very mortifying to me when I am obliged to tell you disagreeable things; but 1 am compelled to inform Congress that the Continental currency keeps losing in credit.
win, has brought into Egg-Harbour a schooner laden with Indian corn and oats, bound from the Lower Counties to New-York. He has sent up the master and five or six
people refuse openly and avowedly to receive it; and several citizens that retired into the country must have starved if their own private credit had not procured them the common necessaries of life, when nothing could be got for your money. Some effectual remedy should be speedily applied to this evil, or the game will be Mr. Commissary up.
They had been on board the Falcon man-of-war, Captain Linzie, and subscribed the oaths of I allegiance, certificates of which were found on them.
others prisoners here.
Many
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1373 Whnrton has
told the
General that the mills refuse
to grind
for
him, either from disaffection or dislike to the money.
Be
that as
it
suppose the
may, the consequences are
Army
will not
terrible, for I
do
consent to starve.
to add to this letpresent, I don't recollect any thing but as other occurrences happen, I shall give you the I think it is time that Mr. I* lucktrouble of more letters.
At
ter;
I sent down with letters to you last Tuesday, should return, unless detained for some purpose of Congress. By him I sent a number of French letters, &c. I am, with great respect, sir, your obedient servant,
rose, the express
ROBT. MORHIS. P. S.
I
am
(I think that
informed by Mr. Moylan that Colonel Guyon the name) was taken prisoner with General the Colonel that came over in the Hancock
is
He is and Adams, Captain Lee.
To
Smith, from Nantes.
Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of Congress.
the
armed which
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
1776.
vessels, besides several wish to get out to sea,
valuable merchantmen, all it might be effected
and think
I
man concerned would
if
every ment.
I
try to give
them
1374
exert himself in his departand invigorate their exer-
spirits
my power. The enemy have six. sail cruising about our capes, and keep a special look-out. Notwithstanding this, the brigantine Andrew Doria, Captain Isaiah Robison, passed through them and got safe up this day. She left St. Eustatia the beginning of this month, and on tions all in
the passage took a sloop of twelve guns, fitted out by Admiral Gayton, at Jamaica, agreeable to orders of the, Lords
of the Admiralty. She also took a snow from Jamaica, and ordered both prizes in here, but it's most likely they will be Before I quit this subject, permit me to observe retaken. that there
now
is
a Lieutenant Josiah, of our
Navy,
and
prisoner,
New-York, and we have prisoner at York-Town, in I could this State, a Lieutenant Bogan, of their Navy. There wish an exchange between them could be effected. at
Doctor Hodge, Surgeon to Colonel Cadwnlader's Pennsylv unions, now prisoner in New-York, a man of much merit, and his abilities in his profession young would render him very useful could he be exchanged. The sloop taken by the Andrew Doria was commanded by a Mr. Jones, who has the King's commission as Master and Commander. He behaved bravely, and I am told he Lord Howe will be desirous to redeem him. I suppose says his rank to be equal to a Major's or Lieutenant-Colonel's, which I mention that your Excellency may advert to it, if is
also a
battalion of
[Without
date.]
SIR: It is impossible for me to appear on behalf of the owners of the privateer Phoenix, Captain Cunningham; for although I was interested one twenty-fourth part in that
am not authorized by the other owners, nor indeed do I know who they are, except Carter Braxtbn, whom my concern was held. Esq., of Virginia, under This gentleman and another in Virginia are authorized to act lor the whole: and it would be very improper for rne to interfere, especially in a transaction that never had rny vessel, yet I
Whatever charges may fall to my share to comply with: and 1 have pressed Mr. Braxton to come up on the occasion. I wish the Committee would write, and urge him to appear before them, approbation. shall
I
pay,
that
it
readily
be settled
may
;
but I hope they will excuse me, for
the reasons assigned. I
am,
sir,
the
cure
:
;
215 sailors' jackets; 23 great-coats; 50 pieces Dutch plains 30 pieces (900 yards) flannel 45 pieces blue, brown, and white cloth; 463 blankets; 218 pieces 7-8ths linen 496 muskets 326 pair pistols 200 half pair of worsted do.;
;
;
;
;
Hon. James Searle, Esq.
ROBERT MORRIS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
new levies; but circumstanced as you are, I think you should judge solely of the propriety of applying them to our present
December 23d, 1776.
I
for the evils
that surround
us.
In fact, those causes
have long been known to such as would open their eyes. very consequences of them were often foretold, and the measures execrated by some of the best friends of AmerAn obstinate partiality to the habits and ica ; hut in vain. customs of one part of this Continent has predominated in the publick councils, and too little attention been paid to To criminate the authors of our errours would not others. avail, but we cannot see ruin staring us in the face without It has been my fate to make an ineffectthinking of them.
The
ual opposition to
all
ments of officers, and
barrels
;
Philadelphia, :
mittee for clothing and stores, and has brought in the follow208 dozen pair of woolen stockings 106 dozen ing cargo
powder; 14,101 pounds lead. I have enumerated these articles, that you may judge what part is wanted for your Army and your orders shall tye complied with. I shall only observe that these imports were intended for the
had the honour to receive your obliging favour of The contents give a most yesterday, by Colonel Moylan. and 1 wish to Heaven it to our affairs, melancholy aspect may be in our power to retrieve them. It is useless at this the causes of our present unhappy period to examine into situation, unless that examination would be productive of a
SIR
an exchange of any particular officer of merit This brigantine was sent by the Secret Com-
for
of that rank.
;
your obedient, humble servant,
ROBT. MOIIRIS.
To
you wish
short inlistments, to Colonial appointto many other measures that I thought
but these things either suited the pregnant with mischiefs or and habits, squared with the sentiments of some genius and nothing is States that had sufficient influence to prevail now left, but to extricate ourselves from the difficulties in which we are involved, if we can. Let us try our utmost; man can do no more. I shall urge Mr. Mease to go on as ;
exigencies.
The brig Lexington and sloop Sachem may be hourly looked for with further supplies, also sundry merchantmen ; but I dread their approach to our capes. They took a French snow
in sight
her as long as I if
am
fearful
it
was
of the
Andrew Doria, who
protected
possible.
General Lee
may
want of money
suffer for
the resentment of British officers runs as high as they
have threatened; therefore
to
prevent present distress, I endrawn by the late Govern-
close herein a set of exchange,
our Eden's Secretary, Mr. Smith, on Messrs. Thomas Eden I beg Of Co., for one hundred pounds sterling, which you will convey by a flag to General Lee, with an assurance of a I have endorsed the further supply whenever he wants it. bills, and flatter myself that many gentlemen now in NeivYork, to whom I am known, will advance the General the money upon them. I have no doubt but this matter may be so managed as that General Lee will certainly get these bills and the money for them, without putting you to much inconvenience; and with the utmost esteem I remain, dear sir,
your most obedient servant,
RQBT MoRRIS
frost will afford
have
Massachusetts-Bay, is at Danbury, or soon expected there, on his way to Peekskill, with six thousand men. The state of the enemy's Army on this side is as follows: Leslie's brigade is at and near Achquahanock and Newark ; three hundred with three field-pieces, at Hackensack ; six companies of Regulars and three of Buskirk's, at the new bridge, The enclosed letter from arrived there yesterday evening. Colonel Hathorn, and a party I had out as far as Paramus,
for the winter. country, with but little provision The chain of posts formed by the British troops reach within seventeen miles of Philadelphia, upon the banks of first
I
This moment your letter of the 21st instant, with the enGeneral Heath marched yesclosures, were delivered me. terday for Peekskill, where he is, with his division and all General Lincoln, from the field-pieces, before this time.
regiments and companies they command.
the Delaware, and the natural bridge over it.
as well
it.
who
can gel no subsistence but by following him, has fled to Lancaster, in Pennsylvania. Many people of Philadelwith their goods and effects, into the back are retired, phia
used,
ill
sorry to say that, in
confirm this account, though
where mouldering away
a rope With the most impotent bravadoes, they have not of sand. to make any thing like a stand in a single yet had the spirit The New-England people have neither money encounter. nor recruits ; and the rest of the Colonies are nearly drained are every
I
I, after
Colonel Harcourt, of Burgoyne's Lighttook Lee, the deserter from his King's service and Horse, late Rebel General, with a party of less than fifty men, in the face of all the vagabond retinue, without the loss of a
moored
am
my opinion, they have great reason to complain. They declare they will go home and leave me. Many have already gone, nor can I expect but Indeed they that the rest will be as good as their word. must desert or starve; and however well disposed, they will and
my The
23, 1776.
SIR: In my last I mentioned the difficulty the Militia under my command in this quarter laboured under for want Whole of a Commissary to supply them with provisions. regiments have been days without any, except such scanty supplies as they have been able to purchase from the inhabitants. Most of the regiments are out this day. I was in hopes they might be furnished at the post near Sydnaufl General Heath, from the stores he told me were bridge. there, induced me to believe so but, to my great disappoint-
the country.
New- York Mercury, December
1378
1776.
ject, representing
Go. WASHINGTON. P. S.
DECEMBER,
&c.,
it
respects the
As
they cannot be subject to my orders, I can't be answerable for the conduct of the brigade. I am, with due respect, your most obedient and humble
To
GEO. CLINTON.
Abraham Ten Brock, Esq., President Convention of the State of New- York, at Fishkill.
the Honourable
the
of
The
Aliens, and some other principal people of Philathe protection of his delphia, are come in, and have claimed
Majesty's
Great numbers
in
the Jerseys have likewise
come
in
and
and two whole Counties have laid down arms together, and subscribed the tests required in the
taken the oaths their
MAJOR JOHNSON TO GENERAL CLINTON.
Army. ;
Most of them express the Commissioners' proclamation. deepest sorrow for their late delusion, and freely acknowledge that when they lost British protection "they fell into real the slavery of slavery, and into slavery of the worst kind
weak and wicked men. It is reported that some of the coal ships from Louisbourg are taken by Rebel privateers, fitted out from the coasts of New-England. Those unhappy people will soon see that
ill-gotten and pirated tion of their own ruin.
such
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
goods
will only lay the
December
guard,
you,
them notoriously disaffected, by examination, should be of opinion to have them well secured, and kept in close confinement until sent to Committee, as is in the But if you should agree with my opinenclosed directed. and
as
I
think
I
ion, they should
immediately be sent to the Provincial ConSo 1 remain your humble servant, JOHANNES JOHNSON, First Major.
of this State. gress
founda-
To III.
23, 1776.
By orders of Colonel Ellison, I received two prisonAnd as you ers yesterday, as you will see by the enclosed. are commander of that quarter, I think it proper to send them under the command of Captain Drake; with a to SIR:
87
Brigadier-General Clinton.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1379
of his Excellency General Howe's orders, to in this Province a company of fifty
By virtue me directed, men, of the
for raising
as soon as possible, you have my direction, by virtue power to me given, to recruit with all possible expe-
dition
to
join
two years an end;
if
for
Majesty's service in this Province for wanted, or shorter time should the war be at in
his
which, being mustered,
at
receive pay and
shall
Given under
his Majesty. clothing provided by '
King'* Bridge.
my
hand
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1380
1776.
would not defend the State, and if the enemy should make their appearance, they would retreat to the borders of ConWe would further innecticut, and there make a stand. form your honourable House, that many of the Eastern troops, while in our country, instead of protecting its inhabitants from the enemy, did plunder and distress them more than the very enemy themselves, taking off with them our stock, household furniture, and even our farming utensils.
From this alone, gentlemen, it must clearly appear to you, we cannot expect any relief from that quarter. From the above relation of facts, and many other circumstances that you are not unacquainted with, we make no
Jo[1N EVEHITT.
that
COLONEL HATHORN TO GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON.
doubt
Tapan, December 93, 1776.
SIR: This informs you that yesterday, early in the evening, we received information from one Mr. Cristy, whose character we found to be good, that there were six compa-
and three of late inlisted Tories, at the This news Christie had from one of the
nies of Regulars
new
bridge.
induce you without delay
will
as our much-distressed country
upon you, gentlemen, every thing dear and near rely
with great cheerfulness to comply with future orders. I am, sir, your most obedient servant,
JOHN HATHORN, N. B.
We
determine,
if
Col.
now
sending out our morning scouts, and possible, to know the situation of the enemy are
to-day. I am informed by the person who brought the letter, that the scouts could not go out for want of provision.
To
Brigadier-General George Clinton, at
Ramapough.
PETITION OF INHABITANTS OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY, NEWYORK. Westchester County, December 23, 1776.
We, ckester,
the subscribers, inhabitants of the County of fVestand members of the General Committee for said
and our suffering brethren, beg leave to lay before the honourable Convention the distressed situation they at present are in, praying that the Convention will take this important matter into their immediate consideration, and grant the good inhabitants of said County such relief as they in their wisdom may think expedient, and County, do,
for ourselves
the necessity of the case required. First, that the inhabitants of said
County
are in continual
danger of being made prisoners, and their farms and habitations plundered by Robert Rogers's party, consisting of about seven hundred men, who daily make excursions in divers parts of said
of arms
many
of its
County, and taking with them by force good inhabitants, also their stock, grain,
and every thing else that falls in their way, laying waste and destroying all that they cannot take with them, where-
by the
friends to this State,
who
deprived of the necessaries of
reside in this quarter, are
in
the service,
it
was impossible
for
him
to raise
such a
number of men
as the nature of our request required. that Thirdly, although there were two brigades quartered in said County, they did not (although not unacquainted
with our distress) afford us any reliefer assistance, and that did apply to General Spencer, (then stationed near the White- Plains,) praying him to assist us, but we never received any answer to our request. He in a few days after
we
removed from
that place to North-Cattle Church, leaving us entirely exposed to the ravages and cruelties of the enemy that we are well informed, on General Spencer's being asked why he retreated so far back, he replied, that he ;
And General M'oostcr, thought us not worth defending. who is now stationed at the Saw-Pitts, in the eastern part of the County, affords us no assistance; and we have been informed that some of his officers should have said that they
depends on you
We and
for their
Jun.,
Chairman Com. do.
NICHOLAS FISH TO GENERAL HEATH. Flag of Truce,
off
Ver Plank's Point, December 23d, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL: The
flag
of truce that was ordered
by the Convention of this State to go to New-York with the persons, families, and effects of Mrs. Ingiis, Mrs. Livingston, Mrs. Moore, the two Mrs. Lake, and Mrs. Bruce, (to the command of which I was by them appointed,) arrived here this evening. Shortly after our arrival Colonel
Tupper visited us in person, and informed me that he had received your Honour's order to prevent our going to NewYork, until all the letters and papers, excepting the private papers of the
husbands, should be examined by your
ladies'
The
Honour.
reason of which, from Colonel
Tupper 's own
saying, appears to be, that your Honour considers me as an officer acting in a civil line, I suppose from a consciousness
of the expiration of the period of service of General Scott's But I would brigade, to which I was formerly attached. beg leave to inform your Honour, that notwithstanding that
do consider myself as belonging to the Army, independent of the Convention's appointment of me to the flag; but was I not, this appointment, I conceive, fully constitutes fact, I
me
a military character.
In consequence of my instructions from Convention, I have administered the oath to each of the ladies, and to Messrs. Wallace and Shearbrooke, therein contained, which " Tliat is to the following purport they had not, nor would take on board, or cany by the sloop (in which we came) or flag (lying off Ver Plank's Point) any letters or papers but what they would respectively submit to my inspection, nor :
any goods,
effects, or
money, but what belonged
to
their
Besides which, the Comrespective husbands or them." mittee of New- Windsor and myself have examined with the
utmost care, lest there should be provisions (beyond what conceived necessary for their subsistence on the passage)
we
New- York. most of them have been examined by a Committee of Convention, and returned to me; others have been since handed to me, of which I have examined
conveyed by the
As
said sloop to
to the letters, the
life.
Secondly, that we did apply to Colonel Budd, desiring him to raise the Militia for our relief, who replied, that as most of the well-affected and able part of the Militia were
lives
relief
JOSEPH YOUNG. PETER VAN TASSEL. FRED. JAY.
MY ;
to us
Our
WM. MILLER, Deputy
was soon done. shall
for assistance.
JOHN THOMAS,
who, by the persuasions of his parents, had inlisted, had marched with them yesterday from Bergen, A council of war was immeand is disposed to desert. and as there are three roads centre at Tapan, called, diately above the main body of our men, who lay many miles scattered, it was judged best to imbody and march to the north of said roads, place several sentries, and order scouts, which have heard nothing from the enemy this morning be glad if our conduct is approved of, and are ready
to give us such loudly calls for.
preservation.
neighbour's sons,
We
now
the others that
ted
I
intended to complete this night.
But
we might them
all
not be unnecessarily delayed, I have transmitI must therefore, sir, in tento your Honour.
derness to the ladies and their children, of which there are eighteen or twenty, and in a small boat much incommoded,
your Honour's attention to the examining of them as speedily as may be convenient. I am, with due respect, your Honour's most obedient,
solicit
humble
servant,
To
Hon. Major-General Heath.
the
,
I\ICH
,
s
-^
r ISH.
Peek's Kill, &c., [24 December, 1776.]
Major Nicholas Fish having been appointed by the honourable Convention of the State of New- York to attend the families of the Rev. Mr. Ingiis and others, within mentioned, to New-York, in a flag, and to solicit the removal of the families and effects of some of the subjects of this State from that place, I do hereby allow a flag lor that purpose. VVji.
HEATH, Major-General.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1381
COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO
GEIS'F.RAL
HEATH.
Clove, 23d December, 1776.
DEAR GENKRAL
:
Mr.
De
Peyster
left
Paramus
last night
at eleven o'clock; says that a boy of liis acquaintance had been sent to Hackimack on business, and was imprisoned
of his by Major Tenpenny, at the New BriJge, on suspicion sworn and confined two a after that hours, being being spy; This boy was told by to secrecy, he was set at liberty. He be at Paramus this night. he should that Ttnpenny was told by Mrs. Zabriski at the Bridge, that there were two thousand troops in and about Hackinsack. I arn sendWill it not be list and ing baggage off to Haverstraw.
my
some vessel from Peekskill to carry them up? with respect and esteem, your most obedient,
best to send I atn,
JED. HUNTINGTON.
WILLIAM DOBBS TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Peekskill, is
to certify the
December 23, 1776.
gentlemen of the honourable Con-
vention, that at the evacuation of King's Bridge, and the soldiers were all gone into Fort Independence, that there lay there a pettiauger, unrigged, which I took and caused to be
rigged and brought her past his Majesty's ships to this place, which craft t have since repaired, and yesterday I was called
upon by one Boyd, and he demanded of me the receipt for I told him 1 would give him no receipt, but that I her. would write to the Convention concerning the craft; and I hope the honourable House will grant me said craft as my own property, as I have since understood that she then did belong to one Merril, who is since gone to the Regulars. The gentlemen of the Convention well know the losses that I have lost the quar1 have met with by the King's ships. ter part of four pilot boats, which I would not at that time have taken six hundred pounds for, and I have never received the restitution of one farthing for them and I shall rest the whole into your consideration. So I remain, gentlemen, your most humble servant, WM. DOBBS. ;
To
the honourable Convention of the State of
SAMUEL TUDER TO PETER
R.
New- York.
LIVINGSTON.
Poughkeepsie, December 23, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
As we
you have a quantity of tar at Fishkill Landing, and we are much in want of some for Mr. De Grushe, to tar the rigging for the ships, should be glad you would let Mr. De Grushe, the bearer, have He will inform you what quantity he will want. some. 1 am, with great respect, gentlemen, your very humble :
the
are informed
c SAM L rr> 1 UDER.
servant,
To
,
Hon. Peter R. Livingston, President of the Con-
vention at Fishkill.
December
23, 1776.
beg leave to inform your Honours that I happened at New-London, in the State of Connecticut, and at the request of the Committee, I assisted in bringing off the stock from I
44 5*., lawful money, for Long-Island to the amount of which said Committee allowed; and that I am in great want of the same; and further, that my family is nigh the seat of war, and have been obliged to quit their habitations in the Jerseys, and are in distressed and needy circumstances; and I desire that your Honours would give an immediate answer. I must go to their relief as soon as possible. So 1 remain your friend and humble servant, JOHN FIELD. the honourable Congress of the State of
1776.
1382
considering I have sacrificed my interest in the cause of my life and the lives of country, and but just escaped with
my
family, leaving all to be destroyed by our unnatural enemies; and not being duly represented, I am, gentlemen, under the disagreeable necessity to represent case to
my
my
you
I served the last year a First Lieutenant in the myself. First Company of the Third New-York Regiment, and this in the same capacity in the First Company, in the Second New-York Regiment, and for what I know, have And if given good satisfaction both to officers and men. there is any person hath brought any thing against me to your honourable House, to wrong my character, I should be
year
know
it, that I might defend it; and, on the contrary, deserving such treatment, I shall calmly retire from the service, and leave it to those who are more deserving. I
glad to if I
am
petition
your honourable House
to take
my
case into your wise consideration, and if in your wisdom you think proper to do any thing for me, it will be gratefully
acknowledged by your Honours' most humble servant, BENJ'N MARVIN.
To
the honourable Congress at Fishkill.
AN ADDRESS OF THE CONVENTION OF THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF NEW-YORK TO THEIR CONSTITUENTS.
At this most important period, when the freedom and happiness, or the slavery and misery, of the present and future generations of Americans, is to be determined on a solemn appeal
Supreme Ruler of all events, to whom must one day answer for the part he now
to the
every individual acts,
it
becomes the duty of the Representatives of a
free
most serious subject, and the more so at a time when their enemies are industriously endeavouring to delude, intimidate, and seduce them by false suggestions, artful misrepresentations, and insidious promises of protection. You and all men were created free, and authorized to establish civil government, for the preservation of your rights against oppression, and the security of that freedom which God hath given you, against the rapacious hand of tyranny and lawless power. It is, therefore, not only necessary to people to
call their attention to this
the well-being of society, but the duty of every man, to oppose and repel all those, by whatever name or title distinguished, who prostitute the powers of Government to destroy
the happiness and freedom of the people over
may
be appointed
whom
they
to rule.
Under the auspices and your forefathers rem6ved
direction of Divine Providence, to
the wilds and wilderness of
made
and by have enjoyed the blessings of peace and plenty, if we had not forgotten the source from which those blessings flowed, and permitted our country to be contaminated by the many shameful vices which have prevailed among us. It is a well known truth, that no virtuous people were and it is also true that a scourge was never ever oppressed Even the Jews, wanting for those of an opposite character. those favourites of Heaven, met with the frowns, whenever By they forgot the smiles, of their benevolent Creator. of Rome, they tyrants of Egypt, of Babylon, of Syria, and
America.
their virtue
their industry they
By
a happy, country.
it
And we
a
fruitful,
should
still
;
JOHN FIELD TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
To
DECEMBER,
would therefore
General Heath.
This
&c.,
New-York.
were severely chastised.
And
those
tyrants themselves,
when they had executed the vengeance of Almighty God, their own crimes bursting on their own heads, received the rewards justly due to their violation of the sacred rights of
mankind. You were born equally free with the Jews, and have as good a right to be exempted from the arbitrary domination of Britain as they had from the invasions of Egypt, BabyBut they for their wickedness were lon, Syria, or Rome. be to scourged by the latter, and we for our wickpermitted edness are scourged by tyrants, as cruel and implacable as those.
BENJAMIN MARVIN TO NEW-YORlt'CONVENTION. 23d December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
having from the first of the unhappy controversy between Great Britain and the States of America, engaged in the service of my country, not from sinister views
advance
:
I
private interest, but purely for the good of to maintain the liberty of the same, think my be continued in the same, it but reasonable that I should to
my
country, and
Our case, however, is peculiarly distinguished from theirs. Their enemies were strangers, unenlightened, and bound to them by no ties of gratitude or consanguinity. Our enemies, on the contrary, are themselves Christians. They are of a a peonation and people bound to us by the strongest ties sides we have fought and bled, whose power whose by ple we have contributed to raise, who owe much of their wealth to our industry, and whose grandeur has been augmented by our exertions.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1383
It is unnecessary to remind you that during the space of between one and two hundred years, every man sat under his own vine and his own fig-tree, and there was none to make him afraid. That the people of Britain never claimed a right to dispose of us, and every thing belonging to us, according to their will and pleasure, until the reign of the present King of that Island. And that to enforce this abominable claim From have invaded our country by sea and by land. they this extravagant and iniquitous claim, and from the unreasonable as well as cruel manner in which they would gain our submission, it seems as though Providence were de-
termined to use them as instruments to punish the guilt of back to a sense of duty to our country, and bring us Creator. You may remember that to obtain redress of the many grievances to which the King and Parliament of Great this
Britain had subjected you, the most dutiful petitions were not only by the several Assemblies, but by the presented, And Representatives of all America, in General Congress. you cannot have forgot with what contempt they were neglected nay, the humblest of all petitions, praying only to be heard, was answered by the sound of the trumpet and
add
to the.
number of
We
campaign.
then flattered ourselves that
the signal success of our arms, and the unanimity and spirit of our people, would have induced our foes to desist from the prosecution of their wicked designs, and disposed their But peace we had not yet deserved. hearts to peace. Exultation took place of thanksgiving, and we ascribed that
own prowess which was only of the innocent. Guardian great
to our
to
be attributed
The enemy with greater strength again invade us us not less by their arts than their arms. They
why
mind,
to the
invade tell
you,
shall
not authorized to say a word, unless a power to grant pardons implies a power to adjust claims and secure privileges, or unless the bare possession of life, is the only privilege which Americans are to enjoy. For a power to grant par-
which
their
this before his
If any thing was intended besides destruction, prisons? devastation, and bloodshed, why are the mercenaries of in
Germany transported near four thousand miles, to plunder your houses, to ravish your wives and daughters, to strip your infant children, to expose whole families naked, miserable and forlorn, to want, to hunger, to inclement skies, and wretched deaths? If peace were not totally reproba-
like savages, worship every devil who promises not to hurt them, or obey any mandates, however cruel, for which how is it that these sordid, degenerate creathey are paid;
tures, who bow the knee to this King, at his shrine, should be denied the
and daily offer incense peace so repeatedly
promised them ? Why are they indiscriminately abused, robbed, and plundered, with their more deserving neighbours ? But in this world, as in the other, it is right and just that the wicked should be punished by their seducers. In a word, if peace was the desire of your enemies, and their object, why do they thus trample under foot every right and every duty, human and divine? Why, like the demons of old, is their wrath to be expiated only by human sacrifices? Why do they excite the savages of the wilderness to murder our inhabitants, and exercise cruelties unheard of among civilized nations ? No regard for religion or virtue remains among them. Your very churches bear witness of their impiety your churches are used without
humanity
;
as jails, as stables, and as houses of sport and theatrical exhibitions. What faith, what trust, what confi-
hesitation
whether the Parliament mean to tax you hereafter at their will and pleasure? Upon this and the like points, these Military Commissioners of peace are silent; and, indeed, are
the only one
all
does he order your cities to be burnt, your counyour brethren to starve and languish and die
dence, can you repose in these men, who are deaf to the of humanity, dead to every sentiment of religion, and void of all regard for the temples of the Lord of Hosts?
dience to what
is
And
;
nay of their
try desolated,
Have you heard of any, except absolute, promised peace? If his prounconditional obedience and servile submission ? if he means not to fessions are honest cajole and deceive you why are you not explicitly informed of the terms, and
don
friends,
impious, more horrible, more execrably wicked, tyrannical or develish ? If there be one single idea of peace in his
call
you submit you
and
pretended ambassadors of peace had arrived on our shores. Does any history, sacred or profane, record any thing more
have protection; that their King breathes nothing but peace; that he will revise (not repeal) all his cruel acts and instructions, and will receive you into favour. But what are the terms on which you are that if
own countrymen
war, and compelled to fight against their to spill the blood of their neighbours fathers, their brothers and children ?
who,
those instances in
which their oppression, injustice, and hardness of heart, have worked their destruction. to defend the the strongest Bein
GEORGE GODFREY.
To Samuel Ph'ps Savage, Esq.,
President Board of
War.
this
GENERAL WARD TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
,T
JOHN MUNRO.
[Read 24th February: Referred
to the
Board of War.]
Boston, December 23, 1776. J. N.
VARNUM TO GENERAL LEE.
I have but one moment to inform you that the between five and six thousand men, are in enemy, possession of Rhode-Island. Their menaces are directed against Providence ; but as the New-England States are forming a
SIR:
plan for its effectual security, the desist from their plan.
enemy must,
SIR Having been informed the Army were in distress want of clothing, and there beinsi a quantity on board a prize lately brought into this port by Captains Skimmer and :
Providence, 23d December, 1776.
I
think,
for
Turkcr,
warded
in
the service of the
to the
Army
at or near
United States.
New-York
have
I
for-
the several arti-
I should have had them appraised before they were forwarded, hut found they
cles contained in the enclosed invoice.
could not be without the State's suffering thereby
;
therefore
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1393
they were forwarded to the Quartermaster-General, with a desire that he would have them appraised before they were made use of, which I hope will be agreeable to Congress. He is a Mr. Faneuil will deliver this letter to you.
French gentleman, and the author of the plan of a regiment, which was forwarded to Congress by the General Assembly of this State some time since; and I beg leave to introduce him to you and the honourable Congress. I have the honour to be, sir, your obedient, humble servant
War Office, Boston, Decen-.ber 23d, 1776. Your letter of 21st just now came to hand. Agree-
able to your request, the Board will as soon as possible appoint a Commissary, until which you will pursue the business in the best manner in your power.
By
order of the Board.
SAM'L SWAN, Secretary p.
Washington's army are supposed rather to have exceeded number, though not much, through the whole campaign, consisting, lor the most part, of new-raised, undisciplined that
Militia.
A
large
another
in
body of the troops were posted on the Jersey side, the city of New- York, and a third on Long-
The shipping, by passing up the North River, interrupted the communication between the Jersey shore and York, and made movements to obstruct the passage over to Island.
Thus our Army became each of which were
bodies,
divided into three in
danger of being
obliged to oppose the whole force of the enemy, though but one third as numerous. General Iloive had no occasion to
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO COMMISSARY NEWMAN.
:
1394
1776.
ral
separate
Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of the Congress.
SIR
DECEMBER,
Long-Island.
AHTEMAS WARD.
'
fcc.,
t.
Mr. Henry Newman.
had no rivers nor shores to guard; accordhe bent his whole force upon Long-Island. Had General Washington reinforced the Army there to a number sufficient to withstand them, York and the Jersey shore must have been nearly evacuated. This would have answered all the purposes of the enemy, as York, and not Long-Island, was their object. Or had a general action taken place upon the Island, a defeat would have been ruinous, past redemption, as there was no room for our retreat and a victory could have been of little consequence to us, as their shipping would have protected them from divide his forces ingly
;
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO SAMUEL PURVIANCE.
War
Office,
GENTLEMEN: The Board
of
Boston, December 23d, 1776.
War
of Mas-
for the State
sachusetts-Bay, having it in command, among other things, to procure a quantity of flour and iron, have taken the lib-
you invoice and bill lading of six hogsheads of sugar and four hogsheads of rum, which wisli safe to your hands. You will dispose of the rum and sugar for the most erty to enclose
you can obtain, and despatch the schooner back with
common
load of
a full
with the addition of four tons of pig iron and two tons of bar iron.
This
flour,
Board propose
be followed by sevprobably one or more of them large vessels, for Europe, not doubting, from your wellvessel, the
eral others
under the
known
established character, that
to give
them
all
shall
like address,
you
will exert yourselves
possible despatch.
am, gentlemen, by order of the Board, your most hum-
I
ble servant,
s
p
SAVAfiBj
p ru
,
f
p L
GENTLEMEN: You may remember
that you gave orders two companies, to be stationed on Nashaun. The Captains have both been with me since 1 returned, and say they cannot inlist any men, by reason of the wages being so low. I have been endeavouring to forward the matter, but find that to be the universal complaint. If your Honours
are pleased to give any further orders about the matter, I I
am
conduct agreeable thereto.
JOSEPH DIMUIK.
yours to serve,
the honourable the Council of the State of the
Massa-
chusetts-Bay.
"PERSEVERANCE" ON THE PROBABILITY OF SUCCEEDING THE WAR.
IN
I have been surprised that, among such a number of declamatory pieces as have appeared in the publick papers on the justice of the war, and the barbarity of our enemies, there has been a total silence on the probability of succeed-
The right of taking up arms the wickedness of ing in it. the Ministry reflections on the Tories, and the like, have become common-place subjects, too trite even to inflame the passions of the vulgar. 1 would wish, if we have any would drop these exhausted themes, and instead of them examine the operations of the war. It is to be hoped, for the honour of the country, that no able pens
left,
that they
thinks of submitting; though some may General Howe's late successes. Such may dismiss their fears when they consider and compare the situation and advantages of the two armies. The British friend to
its liberties
be discouraged
forces
at
amounting
to forty-four regular regiments, (with near
eighteen thousand foreign troops,) upwards of thirty thousand of which are said to be under General Howe. Gene-
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
evacuating Long-Island, was directed by a to risk all on the event of
tions of the natural
of severe discipline.
any consequence
in
bravery of our men, and the necessity Neither York nor Long-Island are of a military view. Even the provisions
of the latter were mostly bought and carried off before its evacuation. The remainder is not much more than sufficient for the support of the inhabitants, which General is
Fort Washington were chiefly removed was taken and we have plenty of prisoners to exchange for the men. In our condition, a defensive war is more prudent than an offensive one. Their army must waste away every campaign, by sickness, by skirmishes, through fatigue and hardship, and by the badness and scarcity of provisions. They said the stores of
before
for raising
To
in
a single action. The evacuation of York was a natural and necessary conThe action sequence, being commanded by Long-Island. on the Island was by no means general, but only of the advanced guard of our Army against great odds. From this skirmish may be gathered the most convincing indica-
is
Dated at Falmouth, December ye 23, 1776.
to
Washington,
consummate prudence; unwilling
too politick to deprive them of. Their subsequent acquisitions are of still less consequence, and plainly the result of General Washington's defensive system of war. It
JOSEPH DIMUIK TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL.
endeavour
The motions of the Navy plainly evinced their design of Under cutting off" the supplies and retreat of our Army. these circumstances, envy itself must confess that General
Howe
Messrs. Samuel and Robert Purviance, Baltimore.
shall
pursuit.
it
;
can neither be recruited nor provided but from a great disTheir whole hope of suctance, and at an immense cost.
upon frequent, signal, and decisive victories, which they have hoped to gain before our Army is disciThe expense of feeding and paying great fleets plined. and armies at such a distance is too enormous for any nation cess depends
upon earth to bear for a great while. Add to this the exhausted state of their revenue, which greatly depended on the American trade, now wholly stopped, and we rnay conclude, that their hope of conquest depends upon their speed. Our army is maintained at one fifth part the expense of The single article of transport hire would maintain theirs. it. It is said "ninety thousand tons of shipping are employed in
their service constantly, at
thirteen shillings
and four
pence a ton per month. I am persuaded our resources for war are likely to hold out longer than theirs. Of men and provisions
we have
a
plenty.
Our
warlike stores increase
Cannon we can cast at pleasure, and powder every day. we manufacture faster than we consume it. The whole expense of the war is centered among ourselves, not contracted with foreigners, like the debt of Britain. The stoppage of our trade stops our luxuries, and makes new manufactures necessary and practicable. Our armed vessels
bring in valuable cargoes constantly, by which the and that it is is enriched to an amazing amount;
Continent probable war.
we
are richer than
we were
in the
With these inexhaustible and increasing should
83
we
be discouraged
?
When
beginning of the resources,
our soldiers are
why
inlisted
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1393
war, discipline must daily increase, and they will Our army can doubtless soon equal the regular troops. after a defeat, while our enemies must be recruited easily cross the Atlantick to any misfortune. In every for the
repair
which is action, they have undoubtedly lost the most .men, of our fire, which, to the superiority indisputable owing though made with less regularity is directed with a better aim than theirs. The world must have a poor idea of our spirit, if we Have we suffer it to fall on this first call for its exertion. felt a tenth of the hardships the States of Holland part
suffered
Or
?
does our case look half so difficult?
They
were weak, divided, and near their enemy, and indeed without any of the advantages we possess, who are numerous, united, and at a distance from our foes. After a succession of splendid
over
victories obtained
France by the Duke of Marlborough, in each of which more men were slain than in the whole of this war, still that an kingdom made a formidable resistance, and procured States are not conquered by victories, honourable peace. but by the less noted operation of selfishness and dissension.
Never, in the annals of history, has the persevering courage of an united people been conquered. From these reasons, I will venture to advance it as a promaxim, that America will never be conquered by phetick
any other foes than her own want of perseverance, and virtue.
spirit,
PERSEVERANCE.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
Colonels Bruce and Blair.
1776.
1396
hope the returns you have
I
before you will supply the omission of some of the General's hands; if not, I really do not know what can be
done, unless you can trust the Committee or me to fill up the I hands of such as you may be at a loss for. shall write to Colonel Bruce, informing him of the omission, and desiring him to write to you but to prevent delay, 1 had ;
much
rather receive the commissions, if they can issue. had no suspicion that the Militia commissions in this and
1
Washington County were in such disorder. This morning Captain Brosslur, of the new battalion, came to town on purpose to tell me that none of the officers of his company, nor, as he believed, of any other company of that battalion, had yet received a commission. I went to the minutes of the Committee, and on a long search, could only find five I shall enclose in this a cercompanies had been returned. tificate as to them, for fear if any return was ever made to I the Council, which I doubt, it may have been mislaid. very much wish I could get up commissions for all the gentlemen who are entitled to them. I imagined from what passed in the Committee last night, they would have sent off an express this morning to have known for a certainty whether the Militia could have had any supply of blankets, &c., from the Council of Safety ; but this morning, on my several friends mentioning it, the gentlemen seemed disinclined to it, presuming you would not furnish them. They were never wanted more than by those who now offer to turn out, and 1 cannot forbear repeat-
my former request, that if you possibly can, you will forward shoes, stockings, and blankets, especially the latter, I understand part of our to Taney-Toivn, or this place.
ing
SAMUEL CHASE TO GENERAL SULLIVAN.
DEAR
SIR: which vember,
I thank I
you
for
your
letter
No-
of ihe 12th
left at Philadelphia, to be removed some distance Will you be pleased to send orders for the from thence. delivery of them to our people? The Committee, as I wrote you, resolved the Militia ought generally to march, and the humour seems to be that
arms were
Annapolis, December 24, 1776.
received a few days before, the Congress left I shall with pleasure continue our former
Philadelphia. correspondence, and wish it was in my power to communiOur intellicate to you any thing worthy of your notice. gence from our Army will be sooner known to you than to Congress; and I wish you could drop me a line to gratify my anxiety and to stop false reports. 1 perfectly agree with you as to the impropriety of our
The several States will forever be influmilitary system. local attachments. I am convinced the nomina-
enced by
to office will, in many instances, be very injudicious. we expect to succeed in the present war, we must change our mode of conduct. The business of the Congress must
all
ought
be placed in different hands. Distinct and precise departments ought to be established. gentleman of the military must be of the Board of War. Our advices from Paris are flattering. I hope America will never submit to the tyrant of Britain. I declare, as an
A
individual, I would rather become a subject of France ; but I am afraid all stubborn temcountrymen are not of
my
The
per.
my
unrelenting monarch of Britain should
sullen,
over me. I despise, I hate, and wish to destroy such tyrants. I forbear to add. I feel my inFarewell. dignation to rise. Your affectionate and obedient servant,
never lord
him and
it
all
march.
It will, if
any thing general, leave the
possible to contrive it so. I have hired the bearer on
purpose to carry this, and your answer. I wish him not to be detained. am, sirs, your most obedient servant, TH. JOHNSON, Jun.
bring I
tion
If
to
I should have liked better that country rather too naked. about one half were to march, but I do not know that it was
The
honourable Council of Safety of Maryland. Colonel Beatty's battalion met to-day. They march on Saturday. B. Johnson's battalion also met toThey march, I believe, on Monday. I enclose you day. Please a list for commissions in James Johnson's battalion. also to send a commission for Carlcton Tannyhill, in the room of who has not lately attended his comnor I believe his company would allow him. do pany This company is in Baker Johnson's battalion. I believe, if you think it proper, the Militia of this County will be Therefore, unpretty generally pleased at going under me. less the Miltia from any of the other Counties will be much dissatisfied, I think you had better give me orders. 25th.
,
;
Your
T.
obedient, &,c.,
J.
SAM'L CHASE.
The Hon. John tinental
Sullivan, Esq., Major-General of the
Con-
BALTIMORE COMMITTEE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
Army.
Baltimore, 24th December, 1776.
HONOURABLE SIR: Your Strawberry Mount, December 24th, 1776. :
now
believe the account
I
delivered you
the is
Mr. Stone ordered the clothes for Captain Watldni't company, and I should have paid the debt if I had been
just.
furnished with the cash.
Your obedient
The
S.
servant,
of the 9th instant, con-
resolve of this date, being by some unlucky acciveying dent delayed, and not coming to hand till ten days after, on a
SAMUEL CHASE TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
GENTLEMEN
letter
CHASE.
honourable the Council of Safety.
first
meeting of Committee on yesterday
it
was
laid
before them, and they have deputed us to inform you that they are not vested with any authority over the Militia,
and consequently cannot assume the power of ordering them into service, the Council of Safety only being possessed of that power. The Committee of Baltimore are always ready and willing to render the honourable Congress any service within the circle of their jurisdiction, which is indeed very limited.
THOMAS JOHNSON,
JUN., TO
MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
Frederick -Town, 24th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: I enclose you a resignation of Mr. Azel Waters, as Quartermaster in Colonel James Johnson's battalion.
man,
is
Mr. Richard Butler,
whom
I
think a very good
desired to be commissioned in his stead.
too, a letter
and
its
enclosure,
I
You
have,
received this afternoon from
The
present emergency of removing the puhlick stores to town, and the necessity of an immediate guard, being represented to Captain Nath'l Smith and Captain Furnival, of the Artillery companies of this State, and Captain Cox, of this
the Militia, they have readily undertaken to give every as-
power; and Captain Smith, as commanding has regulated the guard accordingly at the publick
sistance in their officer,
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1397
stores, the treasury, the gaol, and over the Jersey prisoners; but it being too fatiguing to the soldiers to continue such
hard service,
we have
when
their other
applied to the
duty requires their attention, officer of our Militia to
commanding
supply the necessary guards, agreeable to your requisition of to do for the yesterday, which he has very readily consented
But we beg leave to represent to you, that as the numerous and our Militia companies in town very
present. is
guard
attended with peculiar inconveniences, as it takes their occupations at a time when the publick are wanting their work, and therefore, the sooner a proper military guard can be got it will give more satisfacit is
thin,
off
many tradesmen from
be much less expensive. Our Committee have been informed by Mr. Benjamin Griffith, that the room in tion, as well as
die gaol for the reception of the prisoners is now repaired, and made comfortable; that he has procured provisions and fire-wood, but that blankets cannot be obtained, and there-
hope the honourable Congress will furnish them from The Committee are looking for proper the publick stores. houses to accommodate the prisoners, if they can be procured that are sufficient, which they much doubt. They have also appointed Mr. John Griffith to the care of the Hospital, and request that a sum of money may be put in his hands for that purpose. We are, with great respect, honourable sir, your most
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1398
avoidable." A vessel is arrived at Philadelphia with about one thousand stand of arms, a considerable parcel of blankets and other woolens, and other valuable articles. We have not had a Marine Board since we arrived here, nor have I been able to get the dimensions of the ship that to be built in N. H., but I hope the business of collecting So soon as the Committee meets, timber, Stc., is going on. I intend to procure orders for two or three small vessels, say is
of sixty or eighty tons, to be sent here for iron in iron sufficient to
am
ballast
them, and
WILLIAM Lux, SAMUEL PURVIANCE,
To
the Hon.
AND. BUCHANAN, Jun., JNO. SMITH.
John Hancock, Esq., President of
the
1
am, with every sentiment of esteem, your most obedient
servant,
WM. WHIFFLE. PETITION FROM THOMAS SLATER. [
Read December
26, 1776.]
Baltimore, December 24, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN Delaware
May
river, in
:
Your
petitioner
;
the indulgence of a parole. If admitted, I will strictly comply with, and I flatter myself that I can give security
THOS. SLATER.
BEAR SIR:
My last
from Philadelphia
I
think
a small number,) that the contagion seized the nerves of
some members of
C
which caused a removal to this place, which I assure you was much against my inclination; The main body of the however, 1 hope it's all for the best. enemy advanced as far as Trenton, and a party of five hunWhether any of dred to one thousand visited Burlington. them remain at the last-mentioned place, we have not had any late accounts; but by the last account they remained at Our Trenton, and at some places farther up the river. Army, by the loss at Fort Washington and the expiration of inlistments, were reduced to a handful, by no means suf-
make a
the Delaware.
To
,
stand against the
enemy before they reached General Washington was there joined by
His Army is daily infrom Philadelphia. creased by Militia, besides he has lately been joined by the division lately commanded by General Lee, also by a body of troops from Ticonderoga, under command of General Militia
Gates; so that they are now pretty strong, and I think (if they have got rid of the panick that seized them at the time they lost Fort Washington) they may still give a good account of Howe's Army, and be amply revenged for the brutal cruelties, and worse than savage ravages, committed
DONALD M'LEOD AND OTHERS, PRISONERS, TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Read December 26th,
From
1776.] the Jail of Baltimore, December 24th, 1776.
We
GENTLEMEN: are sensible of the obligation your Carolina prisoners are under, by your passing a late resolve in their favour, in consequence of which they are to be supplied with the necessaries of life and to be removed to a more comfortable habitation ; and being of the number of said prisoners, we beg leave to offer you our hearty thanks for your good and humane intentions; but being on a different footing with the other prisoners from North- Carolina, we think it our duty to inform you that we are appointed officers in the King's Regular Army, consequently cannot
come under any restrictions or engagements but such as are usual among people in that character. We, therefore, expect a parole on the same terms that has been granted by to others of the King's officers, and a chance of exchange
you
for officers of the
same rank, which we doubt not
will
be
In your adherence to justice, applied for. have hopes that so reasonable a request will be granted.
we
sent for us
We
are,
if
gentlemen, your most humble servants,
DON'D McLEOD, ALEX'R McLEOD, KENNETH McDoNALD.
To the
For the consola-
infernal instruments of tyranny.
the honourable Continental Congress.
was a
now doing business with spirit. The near approach of the enemy to that city struck such a panick in all orders of people there, except Tories, (of which you know there are not
tion
President and other
tinental
Congress
in
Members of the honourable Con-
Baltimore.
of the Tories, these barbarians reek their vengeance
indiscriminately on Whig and Tory. Notwithstanding all this, some are so infatuated as to go and sue for pardon,
ROBERT MORRIS TO DANIEL OF
among which
are three of the Aliens, viz: Andrew, John, William. Thus, as far as my hand will permit me, I
and have given you a I
in
my performance if required. This shall be esteemed as a particular favour by your most obedient, humble servant,
day or two before Congress adjourned from that place, which was the llth instant. They met here the 20th, and are
by those
was taken
by Captain Alexander, in the Continental armed schooner Wasp, and confined in Philadelphia State-prison till removed to this town which I would now take the liberty to beg that your Honours would grant last,
for
Baltimore, 24th December, 1776.
some
.
,,,
WILLIAM WHIFFLE TO JOHN LANGDON.
ficient to
I
flour.
no doubt of obtaining this order, therefore wish you would procure those vessels immediately. Many articles may be sent here that would pay a good freight, of which I shall furnish you with a list in my next. Iron and flour may be had here much cheaper than at Philadelphia.
me
Con-
gress.
Mr
they can take
in
fore
obedient servant,
;
up with
fill
state of the
should be very happy
new Army were completed
if
in
Army
in this
quarter.
could hear the levies for the the Eastern States. I expect
I
there will be a still further requisition. It is absolutely necessary that we should have a very formidable Army in I the field immediately. hope every friend of America in the several States will forward this business with every possible exertion.
The
accounts from France, which are
are very favourable.
down
to October,
wish, for the consolation of my friends, I was at liberty to communicate them, but circumstances will not admit of it; but I can say thus much, in the words
of a correspondent,
general
war
in
Europe seems un-
THOMAS JENIFER. December 24th 1776. ,
SIR: I received two or three weeks past your favour respecting the obligation given by Mr. Van Bibber and Mr. Harrison, to a Captain Prole, (I think his name is, for my and your letter with them,) and both papers are out of town before and after the receipt of that letter I took much pains but this he to persuade him to receive the money positively He only sought here after an additional securefused to do. he had the option of demanding payment here or in rity, as ;
the West-Indies. I
I
"A
ST.
Philadelphia,
am. very
respectfully,
sir,
your obedient, humble servant,
ROBT. MORRIS.
To
Daniel of
St.
Thomas
Jenifer, Esq., President of the
Council of Safety, Maryland.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1399
ADDRESS OF PENNSYLVANIA ASSEMBLY. In Assembly,
December
much
you to conceive, than for us to describe, the evils consequent on the invasion of a country by a rapacious and plundering Such is now the situation of the neighbouring soldiery. It is
easier for
State of New-Jersey, and such soon will be ours, unless the enemy, who have taken advantage of the accidental weak-
ness of our
Army
to
make
a winter campaign, are repelled
by the strongest and most immediate exertions.
Every species of ravage and calamity have already marked the footsteps of our enemy, and they are now within a few miles of your Metropolis, waiting to cross the Ddaivare, to glut their inordinate lust of rapine and desolation, in the plunder of that rich and populous city. ble cannot but perceive the shock our
The most insensicommon cause must
unfortunate event should take place. Every one must be awake to the misery that must in this case atThe love of ease, tend every individual of this country. we hope, cannot so far prevail on you as to keep you from suffer, if this
We
this critical and alarming time. speak to a people that a few months ago would with eagerness have flown to arms at the first appearance of their country's danknow the value you have ever set on liberty, that ger.
the Geld at
We
best gift of
God
;
with the maintenance of liberty
is
now
connected your personal happiness, and every dear and valthe chastity of the wives of your bosom, uable blessing your daughters, which else may be violated by a brutal But it is not a temporary evil only that is to be soldiery.
" enemy prevail power of binding us in all cases whatsoever," claimed by. a British Parliament, is to reach your posterity, and to rivet chains upon them forever. You once seemed sensible of this, and were The same grounds of determined to die rather than submit. suffered should our
:
the
dispute remain between Great Britain and us; determination should also still remain. spirit and
the
same
We
are not insensible to the fatigues and hardships of those who engage in a winter's campaign, but we hope and
believe this call on the Militia will be the last; the Continental Army will shortly be more formidable than ever, and, as once before, will again, by God's blessing, give a favourable turn to our affairs; but if a fatal necessity should again require your exertions, it is now, and will be, the business of in this House to fix, as soon as posestablishment of the State upon such just and equitable principles as will make the common duty of defence a common and equal burthen to all its inhabitants.
your Representatives
sible, the Military
Extract from the Minutes.
JOSIAH CRAWFORD, Clerk pro
tern.
SIR:
The
time of the Flying-Camp will be up
in
1776.
a few
days, for which department 1 was at first particularly appointAs I expect they will immediately go off for Philadeled. phia and apply for their pay to the Treasurer, I think it neces-
should be there to settle their accounts, as sums of money have been paid on account to many of the officers and men. I
sary
it my duty to mention this to your Excellency, because those that were discharged on first December applied to Congress for payment, and received orders on the Pay-
I think
master there, although they had received large sums of money before, which is like to cause a confusion in our acI have on hand one counts that we shall not easily settle. As about fifty thouhundred and sixty thousand dollars. will do for my department, if your Excellency thinks proper I should go to Philadelphia, I can leave the remainder with Colonel Palfrey, the Paymaster-General.
sand
I
am, your Excellency's most obedient, humble servant,
RICHARD DALLAM,
To
his
1776.
1400
The alarming situation to which our myself. reduced, impels rne to the measure. Inquiry and investigation, which in most cases serve to develops and point out a remedy, in ours present more and greater diffiaffairs are
Till of late,
culties.
I
was
led to hope, from report, that
no
inconsiderable part of the troops composing the regiments that were with General Lee, and those from Ticonderoga
under General Gates, had
inlisted again. This intelligence, confess, gave me reason to expect that I should have, at the expiration of the present year, a force somewhat more respectable than what I find will be the case. I
Having examined into the state of those regiments, I am authorized to say from the information of their officers, that but very few of the men have inlisted. Those who have, are of the troops from Ticonderoga, and were permitted to visit their friends
and homes,
as part of the terms
on which
In respect to those who marched they would reengage. with General Lee, I cannot learn that any have. Their refusal,
am
I
told, has
not proceeded more from an aversion to
the service, or any fixed determination not to engage again, than from their wishes to return home. The non-appoint-
ment of officers in some instances, the tumiac onod O out of O and appointing of bad in others, and the incomplete, or rather a work no arrangement of them, unhappily committed to the management of their States. Nor have I the most dis*
tant prospect of retaining
them a moment longer than the
notwithstanding the most pressing solicitations and the obvious necessity for it. By the departure of these regiments, I shall be left with five from Virginia, last
of
this instant,
Smallwood's from Maryland, a small part of Raivlins's, Hand's from Pennsylvania, part of Ward's from Connecti-
and the German Battalion, amounting in the whole at time from fourteen to fifteen hundred effective men. This handful, and such Militia as may choose to join me, eut,
this
compose our Army. I reflect upon these things they fill me with much concern, knowing that General Hoioe has a number of troops cantoned in the towns bordering on and near the Delwill then
When
aware, his intentions to pass as soon as the ice is sufficiently formed, to invade Pennsylvania, and to possess himself of To guard against his designs, Philadelphia, if possible. and the execution of them, shall employ my every exertion As yet but few Militia have but how is this to be done? gone to Philadelphia, and they are to be our support at this Had 1 entertained a doubt of General alarming crisis. Howe's intentions to pass the Delaware on the dissolution of our Army, and as soon as the ice is made, it would now An intercepted letter from a gentleman of be done away. ;
who has joined the enemy, to his friend and that to be their design; that the the city, declares partner Army would be there in ten or twenty days from the 16th
Philadelphia, in
instant, the time of his writing, if the ice should
be made;
advises him by no means to remove their stores, that they would be safe.
RICHARD DALLAM TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. New-Town, December 24th,
DECEMBER,
to
painful
24, 1776.
Resolved, That the following Address to the Inhabitants of Pennsylvania, be forthwith printed, and sent to the several Counties of this State:
FRIENDS AND COUNTRYMEN:
&c.,
Deputy Paymaster-General. Excellency General Washington, at Head-Quarters.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Camp, above Trenton-Falls, December 24, 1776. SIR: That I should dwell upon the subject of our distresses, cannot be more disagreeable to Congress than it is
The
obstacles which have arisen to the raising of the new the mode of appointing the officers, induce me
Army, from
to hope, if Congress resolve on an additional number of battalions to those already voted, that they will devise some other rule by which the officers, especially the field-officers,
In case an augmentation should be should be appointed. made to the Eastern regiments, a deviation from the former mode will operate more strongly as to them than to other battalions,
because there have been
many more
officers in
service from those States than the regiments voted to be raised would admit of, by which means several deserving
men
could not have been provided for had the utmost pains been used for the purpose and many others of merit have been neglected in the late appointments, and those of little worth and less experience put in their places or promoted This has been the case with many of the over their heads. ;
best officers.
The
enclosed
letter
from the Paymaster-General will
show
the state of the military chest, and the necessity of a The advances to the large and immediate supply of cash. officers for bounty and the recruiting service, are great ; beregiments, at the expiration of this month, will At the same time, it will show require pay of their claims. the justice of the clamours made by some officers respecting
sides, the
their pay,
and the abuses they have practised. Whenever it was because their abstracts were
they have not been paid, not made up.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1401 I
have the honour
to be, with great esteem,
obeclient servant,
P. S.
your most
GQ WASHINGTON.
publick papers have been removed from Philadelphia, I hope those which I sent by LieutenantIf the
Return of
of all
the
DECEMBER,
Colonel Reed, before got>
we
lf they llave not
'
1776.
1402
New-York, have not been forbe S the favotlr of y ou to break
left
l
open the chest, and send me the several letter-books, sealed up, having frequent occasion to refer to 'em. Go. WASHINGTON.
Forces in the service of the States of AMERICA, encamped and in quarters on the banks of DELAWARE, if of PENNSYLVANIA, under the command of his Excellency GEORGE WASHINGTON, Esq., Commandcr-in- Chie Forces of the UNITED STATES IN AMERICA. DECEMBER 22d, 1776.
the
the State
fee.,
BRIGADES AND REGIMENTS.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1403 men
into
till
pay
at least fifty are
engaged
to a
company, and
because, as 1 intend these in aid of the eighty-eight battalions voted by Congress, I cannot consent to burthen the Continent with the expense of an addi-
a certificate obtained of
it
;
number of officers,
unless they are accompanied with these companies are to be raised upon the same terms, and for the same time, of the other battalions, and will, as As an encouragement to they are raised, be regimented.
tional
men
;
the Captains, they may nominate their own subalterns; but them in case I I will reserve the right of negativing
then,
find their choice falls upon improper persons from local atIf you can set tachments rather than the publick good. eight companies of this kind on foot, and will facilitate the I can undertake to engage you recruiting of them, I think the regiment, and a principal share in the nomination of the
In
field-officers.
this
work you are
to recollect that
no
new
establishment are to appointed be withdrawn from it, lest confusion should be introduced thereby; and that my wish and desire is, that these compaAt nies may be raised as far as possible in the Jerseys. present I shall only add, that I am, with esteem, dear sir, in
officers already
the
your most obedient servant,
To
Samuel
QQ WASHINGTON.
Griffin, Esquire.
Head-Quarters, Bucks County, 24th December, 1776.
DEAR SIR
The
:
necessity of collecting a
to supply the place of those
body of troops whose term of inlistment ex-
of next month, obliges me to press you to march forward, with as much expedition as possible, to this place, or wherever my Head-Quarters may be, with such pires on the
first
part of the troops under your command as may be judged expedient and agreeable to the order I have already lodged with Generals Heath and Spencer. I
To
am,
sir,
march
[The same
commanding
to
to the Officer
I sent you last February from Cambridge, and that you are determined to keep it bright and unbroken. When I first heard that you refused to send any of your warriours to my assistance, when called upon by our brothej-s of St. John's, I did not know what to think I was afraid that some enemy had turned But your hearts against me. 1 am since informed that all your young men were employed in hunting, which was the reason of their not coming. This has made my mind easy, and I hope you will always in future join with your brothers of St. John's and Penobscot, ;
when
required.
have desired
my brother, the Governour of Massachusetts-Bay, to pay you the money which Captain Smith promised you for sending my letters to the Mickmac Lidians. I
have a piece of news to tell you, which I Our enemy, the King of Great Britain, endeavoured to stir up all the Indians from Canada to South- Carolina against us. But our brethren of the Six Nations, and their allies the Shawanese and Delawares, would not hearken to the advice of the messengers sent among them, but kept fast hold of our ancient covenant chain. The Cherokees and Southern tribes were foolish to listen to them, and to take enough up the hatchet against us; upon which our warriours went into their country, burnt their houses, destroyed their corn, and obliged them to sue for peace, and give hostages for their future good behaviour. Brothers:
hope you
1
will attend to.
Now, brothers, never turn your hearts against
the King's wicked counsellors and your brethren of this country, but bear in mind what I told you last February, and what I tell you now. In token of my friendship I send you this from my Army on the banks of the great river Delaware, this 24th day of December, 1776. let
me
Go. WASHINGTON.
the Massachusetts Militia, on
GOVERNODR TRYON TO LORD GEORGE GERMAIN.
commanding
New-York, December
the Connecticut Militia.]
MY
ST.
JOHN'S INDIANS.
BROTHERS OF THE ST. JOHN'S TRIBE: It gave me great pleasure to hear from Major Shaw, that you kept the chain of friendship, which I sent you from Cambridge in February bright
1404
which
Peek's Kill.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE
last,
1776.
Go. WASHINGTON.
yours, &tc.,
the Officer
their
DECEMBER,
&c.,
and unbroken.
am
LORD: On
the 10th instant
24, 1776.
reviewed the Militia of Queen's County, at Hampstead, when eight hundred andtwenty men were mustered; and on Thursday following, I I
saw the Suffolk
Militia at Brookhaven, where near eight hundred men appeared, to all of whom, as well as to the Militia of Queen's County, I had in my presence an oath of allegiance and fidelity administered, the form of which is
glad to hear that you have made a treaty of peace with your brothers and neighbours of the MassachusettsBay, who have, agreeable to your desire, established a truck house at St. John's, out of which they will furnish you with
herewith transmitted. I took much pains in explaining to the people (having formed them into circles) the iniquitous arts, etc., that had been practised on their credulity, to seduce and mislead
every thing you want, and take your furs
them
1
in return.
and brothers, Governour Pierre Temna and the warriours that came with him, shall be taken good care of, and when they want to return home, they and our brothers of Penobscot shall be furnished with every thing
My
friends
good
necessary for their journey. Brothers: I have one thing more to say to you. Our enemy, the King of Great Britain, endeavoured to slir up all the Indians from Canada to South- Carolina against us. But our brethren of the Six Nations, and their allies the
Shawnees and Delawares, would not listen to their advice, but kept fast hold of our ancient covenant chain. The Cherokees and the Southern tribes were foolish enough to hearken to him, and to take up the hatchet against us; upon which our warriours went into their country, burnt their houses, destroyed their corn, and obliged them to sue for peace, and to give hostages for their future good behaviour.
Never against
let
the King's wicked counsellors turn your hearts brethren of this country, but bear in
me and your
mind what now.
I
told
you
last
February, and what
I tell
you
my friendship for you, I send you this from on the banks of the great river Delaware, this 24lh day of December, 1776. In token of
my Army
Go. WASHINGTON.
and I had the satisfaction to observe among them a ; general return of confidence in Government. very large majority of the inhabitants of Queen's County have indeed
A
steadfastly maintained their royal
principles, as have small Some men from South and Suffolk County. Easthampton townships, who attended the review, assured me, Rebel parlies from Connecticut were then on the easternmost part of the island, and which prevented in genein
districts
the settlers in that quarter from attending my summons; but that they are very desirous to live under a peaceable obedience to his Majesty's authority. The enclosed letter ral
from their Presbyterian minister
more
fully
explain
Three companies, I learned, had been raised out of Suffolk County for the Rebel Army ; most of whom, 1 was made to understand, would quit that service, if they could get home. I have the pleasure to assure your Lordship, through the whole of this tour 1 did not hear the least murmur of discontent, but a general satisfaction expressed at my coming among them ; and to judge from the temper and disposition I perceived in them, there is not the least apprehension of
any further commotions all
Island;
are industrious
from in
the inhabitants on
Long-
bringing to market what pro-
visions the island affords.
The
late successes
and Rhode-Island,
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO THE PASSAMAQUODIA CHIEFS. BROTHERS OF PASSAMAQUODIA: I am glad to hear by Major Shaw, that you accepted of the chain of friendship
will
their sentiments.
of his Majesty's arms in the Jerseys assuredly open considerable re-
will
sources of provisions and forage for the Army, which, with the plentiful and abundant supplies from the mother country,
will
take the
enable
this
field early
high-spirited
next spring.
and victorious army
to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1405
fee.,
The General has been pleased to give my Secretary, Colonel Fanning, a warrant to raise a battalion of Provincials of five hundred men they are to be listed for the
so, a part
American
servant,
;
service, and for the term of two years, or during the war, at the General's option. This corps, I expect, will be completed so as to be ready to take the field with I
WM. TRYON. GENERAL SPENCER TO GENERAL HEATH. time the troops here engaged
,
President of the honourable Convention of the State of New-
I,
Receipt given to Captain FORD. Camp, at Peekskill, December 18th, 1776. the subscriber, do acknowledge to have received of
Captain Phineas Ford, in full for the things that said Captain Ford and his men did take out of the house of Solomon Pugsley, near the lines of the enemy, at White-Plains, on Philips 's Manor. I say received in full in behalf of Solomon Pugsley and the Widow Elizabeth Pugsley. Received per me STEPHEN OAKLEY.
Ezekiel Thrall.
for,
when they will return. You Captain and sixty men to guard such of the Commissary's stores as remain near Croaton Bridge. Jos.
servant,
STEPHEN OAKLEY TO GENERAL SPENCER. Camp,
SIR
SPENCER.
:
tion for
Commanding
the
Officer at Peekskill.
at Peekskill,
December
an arrest
is
to inform
and" four of his
for,
men under guard
for.
returned to this
place yesterday
from the Jerseys, and find the situation of things at this place to be such as requires an immediate reinforcement. I must, therefore, request, that if your troops are arrived you will hasten them, or a part of them, to this place, as soon as posIf General Lincoln is not arrived, and there should sible.
be a probability that he is detained at Rhode-Island, or elsewhere, the commanding officer is desired to order forward the troops, or a part of them, without delay. I am, dear sir, yours W. HEATH. affectionately,
Fishkills, 24th
SIR
:
I find that
the stores near Pine's
moved, Sic. I am, most
are not
Peekskill,
December 24th, 1776.
On
the 3d instant I received a letter from the honourable President of the Convention of the State of New-
York, representing that complaint had been made to the
Committee of Safety, of depredations committed by Captain Ford and his company, and that certain resolutions had passed in the Committee, which were to be transmitted to Excellency General Washington, with a request that Captain Ford be delivered up, in order to answer for his misconduct in a course of justice and that, in the mean time, I would detain Captain Ford in custody, and to give orders for securing such of the plundered effects as could be his
;
found.
all
sir,
Major-General Heath.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. In Committee of Safety for the State of New-York,
GENERAL HEATH TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
December 24th, 1776.
) \
We
were honoured with your Excellency's favour of the 15th instant, and most readily accept your apology for not answering ours of last month, since we are not ignorant of the straits into which our temporary inlistments have thrown you, and have found in the difficulties which your Excellency had to contend with, no small addition to those under which we labour. You will see by the enclosed resolve that we have, agreeable to your Excellency's request, called out great part of our Militia, besides those that are on the west side of Hudson's river, under the command of
Brigadier-General Clinton, with a view to supply the place of the troops who are shortly to leave us. But, sir, we cannot but help observing that we do not put too much confidence in our endeavours, for reasons that will be explained
We your Excellency by Mr. Benson, the bearer hereof. have had frequent intimations that the enemy design shortly to make a push for this place, and some of them so well founded, as to convince us that nothing but our being in a to
of plundering, and at all times determined to bring offenders to justice, I immediately ordered Captain Ford under arrest, and several of his men under Soon after being ordered over into the Jerseys, I guard. hare not heard any thing further of the matter until this day, when receipts, copies of which are enclosed, were presented to me, with a complaint that the prisoners lay confined, and were not brought to trial. Detesting a
spirit
the receipts,
it
appears that the parties injured have It now remains that the offend-
had reparation made them. ers
Bridge
your most humble servant, TRUMBULL, Commissary-General.
respectfully,
Jos.
SIR:
By
December, 1776.
removed, and that the troops below and the guards at that I must beg you to place are to be dismissed to-morrow. place proper guards over the stores till they can be re-
Fishkills,
:
as
be re-
COLONEL JOSEPH TRUMBULL TO GENERAL HEATH.
General Lincoln.
SIR
And
General Spencer.
December 24th, 1776.
DEAR SIR: I have received a letter from his Excellency General Washington, informing that a body of Militia from the State of Massachusetts-Bay are on their march for this place, and that they are to rendezvous at Danbury, in the I
may
STEPHEN OAKLEY.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL LINCOLN. Peekskill,
18th, 1776.
you that I have received satisfacthe things that Captain Phineas Ford is now under This
received satisfaction, so desire that the whole leased from their confinement.
State of Connecticut.
and
rT W. HEATH.
expires this will therefore send a
day,
To
at this place,
:
North-Castle, December 24th, 1776.
Your humble
be of great service
will
certificates to near three
gave hundred men, who signed the Declaration prescribed by the King's Commissioners' Proclamation of the 30th November last. Large bodies of the people have already taken the benefit of the grace therein offered them. I am, with perfect esteem and respect, my Lord, your Lordship's most obedient and very humble servant,
The
1406
York.
Army. While on Long-Island,
:
of them
1776.
should be glad that they may be ordered down accordingly. I am, sir, with respect and esteem, your most humble
the
SIR
DECEMBER,
be brought to
trial
for the offence.
1
must, therefore,
As the proper state of defence will frustrate the design. under which we labour have not escaped your
difficulties
we
persuade ourselves that your Excellency will is consistent with the general welfare, This we conceive can be in no way so to remove them. some of the new-raised regieffectually done as by sending ments, if any are completed, to secure the defiles in the This we know must be regulated by circumHighlands. stances, of which your Excellency is the only proper judge ; and to your decision, after having barely liinted it, we most cheerfully submit. The necessity of the troops sent to the northward are in-
attention,
contribute, so far as
beg that you will inform me, as soon as possible, whether you desire that they should be given up to be tried by civil law? If not, I shall immediately order them to be tried by A speedy determination is necessary, as they court-martial. are all artificers, and much wanted at this time ; and such
conceivably great, and unless speedily supplied must render
as are not guilty should return to their duty. I am informed that a troop of Horse,
Benson
State of Connecticut, have been Fishkill, and that they are not much wanted there.
If
it
be
We
have directed Mr. upon some means of press have purchased in the furnishing us out of the stores they Eastern States. Perhaps our request, if backed by your
the forces
belonging to the for some time posted at
to
we
raise entirely useless. the Congress to fall
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1407
comExcellency's recommendation, would be more speedily plied with. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient and very humble servant.
By
AB'M TEN BROECK,
order:
President.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1408
mittee that he
is authorized by the General Congress to import a quantity for the use of the Army, and that he has laid a plan with the State of Conneeticut to send out a num-
ber of vessels for that purpose, one half of each adventure be on account of the General Congress, and the other half on account of the State of Connecticut. That several to
His Excellency General Washington.
vessels are already sailed in the course of last month, and now fitting out. And that if the Convention of
others
NEW-YORK CONVENTION TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL.
New-York
In Convention of the Representatives of the State of New-York, Fishkill, December 24th, 1776.
SIR: Your
of the 12th instant, covering an account
letter
removing a number of inhabitants, with stock, &.C., Irom The amount Long-Island to your State, was duly received. 44 5s., lawful money, of Mr. John Field's demand, being the has been paid to him here, agreeable to your request for
;
am
630 4s., I remaining balance, to wit mit to your Excellency by the messenger, Benjamin Monof your Excellency to cause tanye, and to request the favour the same to be paid to the several persons to whom it is :
incline
to join
in
plan, he
said
is
to
willing
them into it, and so divide the risk into three equal parts between the General Congress, the State of ConnectiThat the vessels so taken cut, and the State of New-York. value thereof insured to the in here are and the appraised, interest
directed to trans-
respective owners.
Your Committee
are therefore of opinion, that if such a be entered into by this Convention, it will greatly tend plan to the supplying this State with that necessary article
All which
is
most humbly submitted. ISAAC ROOSEVELT,
CHRIST'R TAPPEN.
due. transmits his account properbe ordered him. have the honour to be your Excellency's most obedient
Whenever Mr. John Vaits ly audited, I
payment
will
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. In Committee of Safety for the State of New-York,
servant.
By
Fishkills,
ABM.
order:
TEN BROECK,
President.
The Convention have
His Excellency Governour Trumbull. In Convention of the Representatives of the State of New- York, December 24th, 1776.
The Committee
to
whom was
referred
) $
the letter from
Governour Trumbull, with the accounts therein enclosed, of sundry persons, for transporting many of the inhabitants, with their effects and stock, &LC., from Long-Island, delivered in their report; which was read and unanimously agreed
and is as follows, to wit " Your Committee do report, that they have examined an account which was forwarded to this Convention by his 674 9s., Excellency Governour Trumbull, amounting to :
to,
directed
December
me
24th, 1776.
)
$
to enclose to
your Excellency an extract of a letter from General Washington, and to hint the necessity of securing the passes to the Highlands, which are in some measure the keys of this State, the importance of which, in this controversy, is evident from the uniform endeavours of the enemy to possess themselves of the command that it would give them over the Indian it, and stations.
This State has suffered greatly in the course of the war. Five entire Counties, and part of a sixth, are in the possession of the enemy; much, therefore, cannot be expected from them but whatever they can do, has and will be done. ;
As
they feared the evils arising from short inlistments, they raised upwards of twenty-one hundred men over and
to 899 5s. 4c?., New-York currency, for of inhabitants from Long-Island a number transporting over to the State of Connecticut, with their stock, &,c.
above our quota, who are to continue in service until the last day of December; afterwards, at the request of General Washington, they sent down six hundred men to garri-
That they
son the
lawful, equal
find the
account ascertained by three gentlemen,
who have been appointed for that purpose by the Committees of New-London and Groton, and whom Governour Trumbull declares are gentlemen of character. That your Committee are therefore of opinion that the said account 44 5s., lawful, ought to be allowed, and that the sum of to 59 New-York thereof for services currency, part equal performed by Mr. John Field, be paid to him as he is now That the remaining balance of 630 4s., lawful, here.
840 5s. 4d., New-York currency, be remitted to Excellency Governour Trumbull, for the purpose of disThat your Committee have charging the said accounts. examined another account, also transmitted by Governour Trumbull, for services performed by John Vail, which the Connecticut auditors have not thought fit to certify as just, and are therefore of opinion that it be disallowed for the equal to his
present."
Extract from the Minutes.
ROBT. BENSON,
a.
New-York, m. December 24th.
) $
Your Committee, appointed to confer with Colonel Trumble relative to the want of provisions at the Forts Montgomery and Constitution, and also for the Militia who are now in the service under General George Clinton, and plan for importation of salt for the State of Connecticut and New-York, do report, that Colonel Trum-
relative to a
ble
says that the want of provisions at the Forts Montgomery is owing to the passes in the Highlands
and Constitution
not being sufficiently guarded to justify him in pouring any large quantity of provisions in those forts, and that he, notwithstanding, believes they are well provided by this time. That he is now going to Pcekskill, and will take care that That Colonel Hay is authorized they are duly supplied.
by him side of
to
supply the Militia with provisions on the west
Hudson's
With regard
river.
to the plan for importation
of
salt
for the
State of Connecticut and JVeiv-York, he informs your
in
first
the Highlands, whose time of inlistment have also been day of this month.
We
frequently under the necessity of calling out a very considWhen the enemy quitted this erable part of our Militia. State, and General Washington's Army was greatly reduced, Convention thought it expedient to send some into New-
Jersey, as well to raise the spirits of the Whigs there as to oblige the enemy to weaken their Army, by leaving garrisons behind them. They accordingly sent down near two thou-
sand men, under the
command
of Brigadier-General
George and have been very successful in several skirmishes with the enemy. These, sir, are the exertions we have made, by which you may easily conceive that we are not a little exhausted and harassed. In this situation, we are informed that the few troops which are left under the command of Generals Spencer and Heath are to be disbanded in a few days; and the whole safety of this State, and that of America, which it in a great measure Clinton,
who
are
still
in
the
field,
involves, will be left to our Militia. made a farther draft from them ; but,
Secretary.
In Convention of the Representatives of the State of
forts
expired the
Com-
We
sir,
have, therefore, they fear that these
will be insufficient to guard the passes on the west, and those on the Albany post-road, on the east side of Hudson's river, if they should be attacked by any considerable force, which they have strong reasons to believe they will be; the Con-
vention are therefore obliged to call
upon Connecticut
to
defend the passes on the oblong road, which are not less the inlets into that State than this, and which they have reason to fear will, without their assistance, be but slightly guarded. They need not urge the necessity of raising your levies with and of keeping, in the mean time, a all possible expedition, body of Militia on foot, to guard against the danger of being without an Army, since they are fully satisfied that you are apprised of the importance of those measures, and that they will be executed with the same spirit which has hitherto so
honourably characterized Connecticut. The Convention have directed me to inform your Excellency that an act lately passed by your Legislature, prohibiting the transportation out of your State of several articles enumerated therein, has given the most serious concern to
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS, & c DECEMBER,
1409
.,
them, as by the misfortunes of war the inhabitants of this now deprived of a sea-port, they have no possible means of procuring many of the necessaries of life, but from the Eastern States, whose commerce is still open. The Convention are satisfied that it could never be your intention to add to the distresses by which they are unavoidably afflicted, and therefore doubt not that this will be remedied as soon as mentioned. I have the honour to be, your Excellency's most obedient and very humble servant. State are
By
AB'M TEN BKOECK, President.
order:
His Excellency Governour Trumbull.
COLONEL PARSONS TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Middletown, 24th December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR:
have
to inform your Honour that Jacob Tillotson, Ensign of the Fourteenth Company in the Third Regiment of Militia in this State, did neglect and refuse to attend the duties of his said office in the late alarm on the 5th instant, by neglecting to march to New-
I
London, agreeable to orders given out officer of said company, he being duly I
have the honour
humble servant,
to be,
to the
commanding
notified.
your Honour's most obedient, ,,
MARSHD. PARSONS, of Militia.
Lieut. Colonel of the Third Regiment
To
the Hon'ble Jonathan Trumbull, Esq.
Return of Clothing sent by PETER T. CURTENIUS to ESOPUS,
and delivered in the Store of Captain JOHN ELVENDORP. December 24?A, 1776. Marked and numbered as per margin, viz :
Numbers.
rg-g
^%
1776.
1410
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1411
We
therefore would acquaint sary clothing they want. Honour that they really are in great want of articles your
of clothing, and leave to your Honour to order provision But should your for them, as your wisdom thinks best. Honour conclude one of them go to New- York, we would rather choose Mr. Acmudy should go, as he has a wife and
&c.,
would be no men belonging of
In
the
mean time we
politeness. matter to your Honour's determination
the whole
In great haste,
myself and the rest of the Authority, Selectmen, and Committee, your Honour's most obedient, humble servant ' sir, for
JOHN MCLEAN.
at
N. B. The above Acmudy is brother to Doct. Acmudy, New-York. Should your Honour think proper to return
an answer, you will please to direct me, or the Selectmen, as above written. By order of the Committee.
Joseph Reade, of the City and Province of Esq., have for some time past resided at Windham, in the State of Connecticut, being apprehended and sent thither by the Committee of the Convention of the State of New- York, as one suspected inimical to the United States of America ; and whereas, upon my application to cut,
remain, with respect, your most humble
IHOMAS LUSHING.
Hon. James Bowdoin, Esq. JAMKS LOVELL TO JOHN AVERY. Boston, December 24, 1776.
SIR
After maturely deliberating the circumstances of
:
my
publick and private relations, I have concluded it to be my duty not to decline that honour to which, as you informed
me
on the 5th of this month, I am appointed by the joint Houses of Assembly in this State. Conscientiously devoted to the interests of United America, and animated by my late sufferings in the common cause of her freedom, I dare hope, by an unremitted application to the duties of this very honourable appointment, to obtain the ballot of both
generous
I,
New- York,
his
defence
future approbation of my constituents, or at least to prevent their regret, for those benevolent and considerations
PAROLE OF JOSEPH READE. Whereas
I
leave
and am,
;
to our State left for the
servant,
;
strictest
1412
1776.
this.
child here, which we think is a very good pledge for his and his behaviour has been, since here, conducted return
with the
DECEMBER,
which evidently governed their ballot in my particular case. I am, with esteem, your friend and humble servant, JAMES LOVELL.
John Avery, Esq., Deputy Secretary.
You
will kindly
determine about the propriety of a formal to the honourable Council.
communication of the above
Honour Governour Trumbull, of the State of Connectihe hath permitted my interest and
care of
wise ordered
me
to
effects,
return to
New-York
and there
to take
N. to reside
till
other-
do hereby pledge my faith and word of honGovernour Trumbull, that I will neither bear :
I
our to said arms, nor excite or encourage others to bear arms, against this or any other of the United States of America, and that I will not do or say any thing in prejudice of the interest or measures of this, or any, or all, of the United, States, in the that I will present controversy with Great Britain ; and of any of to the enemies of said States no intelligence give their counsels, operations of war, or other the transactions of this, or
any of the United States, and that
I
will return
to
[No.
LOTBINIERE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
1.]
Boston, December 24th, 1776.
SIR This is the third letter I have wrote you since the 20th of last month, the day of my arrival in this city, viz the first directed to Mr. Benjamin Franklin, who I was well acquainted with in London, and also seemed to place as :
:
much value on my acquaintance moment of the post's departure,
as I did in his, but at the I was told that lie had
for France three weeks before that time ; then it being impossible for me to copy the letters over, 1 had only leisure to write on the back, and beg that you would be so
embarked
kind as to open it, and make the same use of it he would have done if present. It contained an open letter for my son, and I hope you have been so kind, sir, as to cause it to The master of the post told me that be delivered to him. being. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this that packet had been forwarded to you by Captain Faulk24th day of December, A. D. 1776, at Windham, in the ner, who left this city on Thursday, 21st of last month. The second was dated the 4th instant, and delivered the State of Connecticut. same to Mr. Freeman, a clerk to the Committee of this city, who, I was told, was to set off the next day to the Conoress but said letter remained on the Committee's table; which THOMAS CUSHING TO MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL. hearing of, and that his journey had been put off, ( sent for Providence, December 24, 1776. it, and delivered it at the Post Office on Thursday, the 12th SIR: I have just time to inform you that we have news instant. In the interval of those two dates, 1 delivered to General Washington has been Mr. Walker, who was going to Philadelphia with two this day from the Jerseys. obliged to retreat to the other side of the Delaware, oppo- French gentlemen, a second letter for my son, which he site to Trenton, where he has about ten or twelve hundred promised to forward to him with the greatest safety and demen. General Howe, with an army consisting, it is said, of spatch. Still I have no answer from him, nor do I know if about nine thousand, is at Trenton, and it is reported, de- he is acquainted with my arrival in this country; and it is signs to proceed to a place in the Jerseys directly opposite only in an indirect manner I have heard of his enjoying a to the city of Philadelphia, and there cannonade and bom- tolerable state of health. You may judge, sir, that having bard the city, perhaps pass the river, and plunder it. Gen- put this only son, who heretofore has seemed deserving my eral Lee, on Friday, the 13th instant, was taken prisoner by sincerest affection, and with the mortal uneasiness I have a party of Light-Horse, about fifty in number, at about two suffered on his account for above a twelvemonth past, as miles distant from the Army he commanded, and about well as on account of my wife and daughter now in Canada, They carried him off with, from whom I have not heard directly for two years past, twenty miles from the enemy. His Aid-de-camp is arrived in tovvn- and from whom I might hear with certainty by my son, it is out his hat or cloak. and brings this intelligence. This is a great loss. It is re- cruel in Mr. Walker to have deprived him of my letter, ported the troops under General Gates, and those that were which he took charge of, and promised me so earnestly to under General Lee, had joined General Washington. Gen- forward. Those whom you employed to forward to him the eral Lincoln has just informed me that he has certain intel- one enclosed in my first letter, I fear have committed the ligence that the troops at Rhode-Island have all, but about same neglect; which deprives both father and son from a fifteen hundred, reembarked. Whither they are bound, is communication which would be satisfactory to them, after so uncertain some conjecture to this town, some say to Dart- long an absence and so much inquietude. We shall soon learn You must have perceived, sir, by my two first letters, the mouth, and some imagine to Boston. their destination. Our Militia that repaired to this State, in great and ardent desires of my soul for the success of the consequence of the requisition of Governour Cooke, having American arms, since, although I have not been able yet to left their families very suddenly, are mostly returned home. communicate to you the prools I can show of my particular Those that remain are very uneasy, and I believe will not commission to come to this country, I have not been backtarry much longer; so that if General Lincoln, in pursu- ward in communicating to yon my ideas on your present ance of the opinion of Council, was immediately with the positions, and that of the enemy, which 1 thought the fittest men under his command to proceed to New-York, there for the actual preservation of your States, and to enable you in this
State
when
required by his said
Honour
any place Governour Trumbull,or the General Assembly of this State, or the Convention of the State of New- York for the time
;
;
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1413
complete it as soon as you will be able to act offensively (and was I with you 1 should think this time now come.) My zeal for this, I think, will sufficiently be demonstrated, if you observe that at the time I left France the commission I accepted of could not be granted without a reserve of disavowing me in case things did not succeed in the manner I have not acted with less ardour and zeal since expected. tny arrival in this Province, although under the double risk to
of being disavowed by your Congress, or by the Court which has secretly employed me, as one who may, and they know can be, of the greatest service to you by his knowledge of war and politicks, as well as with the local of this Continent. However, I cannot confine rny zeal within myself, until 1 shall be with you, and am induced to endeavour to convince you, that your most dangerous enemies are those
who unhappily
DECEMBER,
Sic.,
them, that
am
if I
credited
original, if there remained no more vessels in that port bound to France. This letter is to go from We/lfleet (Cape Cod) to St. Pierre, by a schooner which was to sail immediately,
wrote in ciphers, and directed eral of Hispaniola ; in which
striking examples,
though not
numbers. had from the power that employed me, the strictest recommendations and orders to all whom their authority extended, to procure me every means and conveniency in my way to this Continent, with the greatest security and The respect and consideration such orders prodespatch. cured me, in all the places belonging to that Power, through which I passed, or made any stay, could not be kept secret here, and has even been published by several subjects of this State, and Frenchmen, who are actually here, who could not help regarding me as in a superiour rank to those who commanded in the places where they saw me. In all this, and of such demonstrative proofs, sufficiently spite of in great
I
who is not blinded by his have nevertheless been exposed, the most respectable place of this city, and
evident to every thinking being to this country, I
enmity and accused in from thence publickly, of being a declared enemy to those Some have even been so infamous as to hold tne States. out to the publick as a spy of the British Court, although certainly those who took charge to publish such a report, acted against the testimony of their own conscience so that ;
every step I took, by
particular observation, to render to this State, and to employ my talents in its useful myself favour, which then appeared to me very essential, were
my
disadvantage, and regarded as corroborating their suspicions against me. 1 was a long time ignorant of this, and it only came to my knowledge by an accident, which will be repeated to you by Messrs. Faneuil and Price, to whom I have mentioned
poisoned to proofs
my
which strengthened
the whole, as well as the endeavours I made to discover the source from whence it proceeded, or at least to stop its progress and effect, in which I have not yet succeeded, although I applied to one of the two officers, that seemed to me more
concerned than I had a right to be, in discovering the source of the whole and following it through all its windings and It would be out of my power, sir, to conceal from turnings. I feel at such an sensibility and the pain which not as to myself, although it seems an attempt aimed at my honour, (which happily is secured against such frivolous suspicions, by being so well known in many parts of
you
determine the
to
first, was via St. Pierre de Miguelon, with direction to send a vessel immediately, with copy of my letter, and even the
It on, they never will be able to extricate themselves from. is, then, this first and most dangerous enemy which must be eradicated without delay, and forever, by even the severest
accompanied by some
here, so as
operations, and that France determines to support it in the manner I have mentioned, all will be ready here to concur in that system. The method I have taken to write for the
and perhaps she
laws,
1414
that of the enemy, so as to jude what may be proper to be done where the evil lays, what may be directly remedied, and what referred to another time. I even think that I now foresee very clearly what the enemy will attempt next campaign, and I confess that I have already informed the French, Court of it, and of my designs in consequence; assuring
are to be found in all your whose only occupation and aim is to discourage your people, by deluding them under the insupportable yoke prepared for them, and which once laid
brethren
false
States in too great numbers,
1776.
is I recommended that my already gone. might be concealed even in the master's breeches, in case he should be taken. The second, via the Mole, in
letter
sloop which will
sail
the day after to-morrow ; which I have to the Count d'Ennery, Gen
and ideas; and
1
have mentioned the same
desire the General
to send it to send a duplicate of this second letter by Captain Marion, in a ship bound to the same island, which will sail about the latter end of next
projects
France
I
as soon as possible.
I intend to
week, and
in which I would take my passage, if 1 thought could be of no use here. I remitted to Mr. Walker, at his departure from Boston, a recital of the affair which detained me five years in England, to be delivered to you at his arrival at Philadelphia, in order that you might have a timely knowledge of the incontestable right I have to the lordships of Dalainville and D'hocquart, at the head of Lake Champlain, extending to the lower end of New Lake George, to the west of I
the river which joins that lake to Lake Champlain. The lordship of D'hocquart is situated on the east side of that river, and begins about two miles above Crown-Point, and
extends near the entrance of the river Au Loutres. Each of those lordships have four leagues in front from north to south, on five leagues depth; the first to the west and the second to the east. When I shall have the honour to see In case sir, I shall inform you more fully of this affair. Mr. Walker should neglect to give you the copy I desired him to deliver, Mr. Faneuil or Mr. Price may do the same, as I gave each of them one for that purpose. Besides the
you,
knowledge you may obtain of that affair by said memorial, I hope to receive justice from the Congress, as it (in which was presented to the King, his Ministers, the members of both Houses of Parliament, and almost all the foreign Ministers then in London, and the principal persons in France,) you will see in what manner I treated the Ministers and principal persons of the British Court, whose spy they have There are some, and unfortunately dared here to call me. too many, in your States, who render them more service than any stranger could, however inclined. I have the honour to be, with the highest consideration and respect, sir, your most humble, obedient, servant, THE Mo.'s DE LOTBINIERE.
my
Copy of a Letter
to
my
son, wrote by
Mr. WALKER.
affair,
Europe,) but on account of this country and the speedy which I could have procured to the power by which I am employed, as I am now stopped in my endeavours for the good of this country, by the insinuations with which they have impressed the publick against me; and I am apprehensive it will be a difficult matter to destroy that prejudice, and regain that general and unrestrained confidence which ought to have been placed in me from the satisfaction
moment
arrival, and the open manner of my first have not yet, sir, received the least answer appearance. from Congress, and you may easily judge, particularly after the affair above-mentioned, that I cannot go without, and
of
my 1
without your positive orders for my own safety, my servants, and baggage, on the road, otherwise 1 might be exposed to be stopped in the way. Therefore I beg you will send them to
me
as soon as possible, that
person, at least may be now see things, I think, in
I, in
I with you within a fortnight. a pretty clear light, as well in regard to your position, as
[No.
Boston,
2.]
November
21st, 1776.
dear son, a letter to you, under cover to Mr. Franklin; but I did not then know he was the hands of gone to France, but it will reach you through Mr. Hancock, President of the Congress, whom I have I
sent yesterday,
my
my letter to Mr. Franklin, and to make the he would have done, as well in regard to you This will be delivas to the other contents of said letter. ered you by Mr. Walker, who sets off for Philadelphia in two hours, and which he has promised to deliver you caredesired to open
same use of
it
fully. It is
too late,
my
dear son, to yield to that
spirit
of enthu-
which you have been led. I am told (by Mr. 1 Walker) by the peisuationofLong-e?7and Bel-Eire, don't think you have done any honour to your judgment, when
siasm to
you preferred a time.
My
reflected,
their advice to mine, particularly in so critical me that if you had
self-love convinces
you would have preferred
properly
my
advice to
theirs.
If
conduct on the letters I wrote you you had regulated your have avoided many losses and would from London, you
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1415
sorrows, and you, as well as others, who, without the least foundation, followed the same course, would not now be exposed to the reproaches of your mother country, in which
your ancestors made a
figure, against
which
some time
for
you appeared in arms: for you could not be ignorant of the interest France took in the success of the cause against which you were persuaded to fight. It occasioned the were informed that greatest surprise in France when they the Canadian noblesse had joined the Royalists in such a cause, particularly after the treatment which they had received, without the least occasion given, which tended to no less than to reduce them to a lower state than their vassals, and which they would have accomplished if they had had a
time to execute their schemes.
sufficient
you much more,
tell
as
we
shall
meet
until
;
I
refer to
when
I
wish
Believe me, my dear son, the best you father and friend you could have required of God. a perfect health.
LoTBINIERE. All
You
my
from France give in conforming to it.
letters
run no risk
me
the
title
of Marquis.
was with
infinite pleasure I received my dear brother's hands of Dr. Franklin, whom I joined at this the by place on the 22d December, the day after his arrival. have had an audience, been received, and presented our As yet we have received no answer, nor can propositions.
letter,
We
divine
what
it
They are very timid and secret, the mean time we are endeavour-
will be.
we have hopes. In ing to procure artillery, arms, ammunition, and clothing, to fit you for another campaign, which, if it be as undecisive but
enemy's strength. Two things, however, I would wish to impress upon your minds: to look forward and prepare for the worst event, and to search for every resource within yourselves, so as to have as this, will nearly exhaust the
as
external
little
dependence as
the year 1777 are of such
The
possible.
have sent
for
your sons
infinite
hither.
1
mean
to
keep Lud-
weH
with me, and if his genius suits, to train him to arms, Tom I will send to you chiefly in the engineering line. He is with our despatches, when they are of importance.
now
of an age to be useful to you
in
Virginia, from
' damage your your absence must greatly
Yours
To Richard Henry
whence
affairs.
ARTHUR LEE.
affectionately,
foes. If any thing can add to your exertions at this time, it must be the reflection that your own most immediate safety calls upon you to strain every nerve. Should we heedlessly abandon the post of Ticonderoga, we give
up inconceivable advantages; should we
resolutely mainextremely capable of defence,) we may bid defiance to General Carkton, and the northern army under his command. But our exertions for this purpose must be immediate, or they will not avail any thing. The tain
(and
it,
it
is
of this instant, the time will expire for which the that troops important garrison were inlisted, and Lake Champlain will, in all probability, be frozen over soon alter. thirty-first in
For the sake, therefore, of all that is dear to freemen, be entreated to pay immediate attention to this requisition of
The affairs Congress, and let nothing divert you from it. of our country are in a situation to admit of no delay. They may still be retrieved, but not without the greatest expediand vigour. If nothing was at stake but your own peace and security, I should not he so earnest on the occasion. It is the fate
tion
that is sacred by that love of liberty and your country which you have always manifested; by those ties of honour which bind you to the common cause; by that love of virtue and happiness which animates all good men and, finally, ;
;
by your regard for succeeding generations, without a moment's delay, exert yourselves
Lee, Esq.
Since
my
returning home, finding
JOHN HANCOCK,
To
[Same
to
Assembly of.Massachusetts-Bay, and
Baltimore, December 25, 1776.
SIR: Congress are in immediate want of a fast-sailing vessel. Every endeavour has been used to procure one without success, nor have they the least chance left of getting one unless your honourable Board will spare Captain Martin's brig. I should by no means ask the favour,
knowing how necessary this vessel is to the State of Maryland, if the occasion was not of the most pressing nature. Should the Board be so obliging as to part with her, Congress expect to pay what the vessel and cargo cost, with You'll please to lay this every charge of wages and outfit. matter before the Board, and favour me with their answer to be,
your most obedient servant,
BENJ. HARRISON.
my
friends
SAMUEL WRIGHT, of Thomas.
Colonel William Richardson, Caroline County.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO ASSEMBLY OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Baltimore,
you
last
on
December
25th, 1776.
did myself the honour of addressing the subject of the enclosed resolve, the ConI
gress have received fresh intelligence from Generals Schuyler and Gates, urging the necessity of an immediate compliance In consequence of which, therewith. they have directed me to represent to you, that without your immediate aid and assistance, the important fortress of Ticonderoga will unavoidably fall into the hands of our enemies, the troops who at present garrison that and the adjacent posts having determined not to remain there after the term of their inlist-
ment
expires.
needless to use arguments on the occasion, or to paint the dreadful consequences to gentlemen already fully acquainted with them, of leaving the back settlements of the New-England States open to the of our merIt
is
ravages
Assembly of Con-
BENJAMIN HARRISON TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
WILLIAM ELLERY TO GOVERNOUR COOKE. Baltimore, December 25th, 1776.
Return you my hearty thanks for the honour conferred upon me; and am, with the greatest respect,
Since
to the
necticut.]
point rne to.
GENTLEMEN:
President.
Assembly of New-Hampshire.
the
exceedingly against my entering the service again, beg leave to resign the commission you have been kind enough to ap-
y urs >
will,
and very humble servant,
Q,ueen Ann's County, December 25th, 1776. :
you
to forward the
troops to Ticonderoga from your State, agreeably to the enclosed requisition of Congress. I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient
by the express. I have the honour
SAMUEL WRIGHT TO COLONEL RICHARDSON.
DEAR SIR
that
events of
importance, that no industry and no expense can be too great to turn them to our If they are decidedly in our favour, our liberadvantage. ties and properties will be assured forever. I
1416
ciless
all
December 25th, 1776.
we
1776.
of posterity (which depends upon our conduct) that stamps a value on the present cause. 1 beseech you, therefore, by-
ARTHUR LEE TO RICHARD HENRY LEE. It
DECEMBER,
&c.,
SIR:
myself the honour of writing to you by Garcia, the 10th instant, since which nothing did
I
Captain
new hath taken place that I know of in the Army, excepting the capture of General Lee, by a party of the enemy's Light-Horse, on the 13th. By some fatality, as General a letter to Congress expresses himself, General family, took lodging in a farm-house, about three miles distant from the Army under his command. Some Tories informed the enemy of his situation. Sullivan
in
Lee, with
his
They
sent off eighty Light-Horse to take him, who surrounded and attacked the house. The General, with his family, made a manly resistance, but were finally obliged to submit,
A
and the poor General was carried away the captive. strange indeed, for
fatality,
to attend our affairs.
The
some time
loss
past, hath seemed of Fort Washington, when
hundred of our men were captivated in an the loss of Fort Lee, by surprise, with a great quantity of stores, and the capture of the General, who was honoured by his name being given to that fort, and, in short, all our affairs, have in a strange manner protwenty-six
inglorious
manner
;
God better fortune will attend our General Hoive's Army, by our last advices, had extended itself along the Delaware, towards
ceeded. future
I
hope
operations.
in
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1417
the north principally, with an apparent design to pass the General Washington had posted his Army along the
river.
river so as to obstruct
their
Some
passage.
of the Militia
of Pennsylvania, the Lower Counties, and Maryland, are about to reinforce, and some have actually reinforced, his Army ; and General Sullivan, on whom the command of the division late under the
command
Lee
of the unhappy
devolved, was on the 13th of this month marching to join him. When they join, they will together make a respectis
sufficient to prevent Howe's entering PennsylIndeed, the armies must before this have formed a junction, if General Sullivan's division hath not been expect to hear from repulsed by General Howe.
able
Army,
vania.
We
Philadelphia every moment before
I
You
any thing new
shall arrive
obliged to close my letter have doubtless before this heard of the removal of to this place.
Congress had, and
This
is
the
first
opportunity I have of it.
this is circuitous, (via Boston,) to inform you enemy was so near, and affairs in the city in such
The
fusion, that
and
if
;
am
it
con-
was improper and unsafe
to continue there, Baltimore was fixed
long for a letter. most suitable place for holding Congress in for the present. 1 should like the place well enough, if it was less distant from the Army, less dirty, and less expensive. It is long since 1 have heard from my constituents. What is doing, and how matters stand in our State, I know no more than an inhabitant of the moon; although it would be beneficial to have every necessary information seasonably. We have an account that a fleet, with eight or ten thousand men, have gone to Newport, and that the Island was for reasons too
as the
upon
evacuated by the inhabitants but that the By a letter from General Wooster the 8th of this instant, we are informed that If it be true 6th were off New-London. ;
landed.
enemy hud
not
Congress, of the fleet on the to
that so large a
hath gone to Rhode-Island, something more is intended, in my opinion, than the bare taking the town of
up the bay to Warwick Neck perhaps, then land, and march to the town. There ought to be a good redoubt at Warwick Point, to check their landing and give time for troops to be arrayed to will
be by land.
They
will
pass
oppose their progress. I think that this division of the enemy's Army affords us a fine opportunity to make an As soon as 1 had notice that I efficacious stroke on them. could depend upon,
immediately proposed to General Washington, informing him that a fleet, with a large body of troops under Clinton, had sailed for Rhode-Island, and desiring him to send General Gates or Greene, with such BrigadierGenerals as could be spared, to take the command and direction of the troops that might be raised in Newto repel the enemy from the Island, or oppose thought the
I
New-England Delegates
I
to write to
England, It was their making any inroads into the country. agreed The General told us in wrote. a letter and answer, that to, he had received previous notice, and had sent orders to Generals Arnold and Spencer, who were then at Albany, to and take the command of the repair to New-England,
yeomanry the
that should muster
on
this occasion.
I
hope that
universally turn out, and not suffer the to enter and ravage our State as they have done the that they will turn out in such numbers as I
Militia will
enemy Jersey.
hope
be able to give an effectual blow to the enemy in our If the Army under Clinton should receive a quarter. mortal wound from the brave New-Englanders, it would, to
opinion, bring the war to a speedy close; whereas, if this opportunity of the division of the British Army should
in
my
be neglected, or not improved, the war, in all probability, be protracted to a great length, if not speedily issued ia our destruction, in the destruction of all we hold dear; for we have good reason to think that a reinforcement of By a twenty thousand men will be sent over next spring. letter from an unknown, but I suppose a good hand, read
will
Congress this day, it appears that the Court of London had attempted, and were attempting by every means they could devise, to procure aid from every Power in Europe, or to induce them to a neutrality; and the writer of the letter gave it as his opinion, that what they could collect in Gerin
many, together with
recruits
and Ireland, would amount
to
raised
in
England, Scotland, about that number; and that
DECEMBER,
1418
1776.
Russia would not furnish them with any men. From hence the necessity appears that we should act in every quarter this winter with the spirit of men contending for an invaluable prize.
expresses from Philadelphia, received
By
this
it
day,
seems that the Militia of that State begin to rouse themselves, and are collecting very fast to reinforce General WashingI have some ton. hopes that Howe will be drove out of the this If this should take winter. Jersey place, and the NewEngland States should give Clinton a sound drubbing, we then need not fear what Britain, with all her mercenaries, should attempt. There are brave enterprising spirits in Providence. They burned a Gaspee. They may burn the British fleet. I
make
trial, and every effort to destroy imagine that there are a number of seamen in port belonging to the Navy of the United States, as well as privateers. These men, I should think, could be induced to easily They are brave, enterprise any thing. and well know that if the British fleet is suffered to remain in our bay, there will be an end to privateering, by which What I have wrote on this they have made immense gain. head goes on this supposition, that a fleet with a large body of troops is at Rhode-Island, and flows from that warm regard I have for the State of Rhode-Island, and the glorious cause in which we are embarked. In this cause I am willing to exert, and have exerted, my best abilities; for this I have suffered great anxiety have left wife and children, and the sweetest and closest connections in life. Where my wife and children are I know not. I hope they have escaped from Rhode-Island, and are not fallen into the hands of If they should have been so unhappy, 1 hope the enemy.
hope they
both
fleet
will
the
and army.
I
;
the State will interfere in their behalf, and procure their release.
force
Newport for winter-quarters. I suspect that they mean to take possession of Providence, and from thence penetrate If they attack Providence, it into the Massachusetts-Bay.
&c.,
wish
I
that
an
additional
Delegate
may have been
If it chosen, and that he may have set off for Congress. should not have been done, I hope it will be speedily done, and that an addition might be made to the salary already
voted; and
I
believe that the
Assembly
will not think
me
mercenary, nor an addition unnecessary, when they are informed that I am obliged to give six dollars a week for boarding myself, and that every article of living is doubled within a year or two. I ask no more of the State than sufficient to give me a decent support while 1 am in its service, and I know the generosity of my constituents too well to doubt of their disposition to do what is right in this
To
instance.
readily submit
that this
generosity and good matter; and am, with
regard, their and your Honour's
vant '
'
friend
disposition I sincerest
the
and humble
ser-
WILLIAM ELLERY. COLONEL THORNTON TO MESHECH WEARE. Baltimore, 25 December, 1776.
HONOURED SIR
The
near approach of the enemy to slowness of the Militia, and the advice of the Philadelphia, friends, induced the Congress to adjourn to this town, which is about one hundred and ten miles southwest from Philadelphia.
Army
in
By
our
:
last
advices the Militia are joining our
which we have great hopes Army will soon be in our power, The Congress have encourage-
great numbers, from
that General
Howe
or return to
New-York.
and
his
in the spring. Nothing will be wanting on their part to support independence, defeat the enemy, and render the United States great, honourable, and happy.
ment of assistance
An inexcusable neglect in the officers, want of fidelity, honour, and humanity in the doctors, and avarice in the and will suttlers, has slain ten soldiers to the enemy's one, soon prevent every man of common sense from putting his life and fortune in the power of sach as destroy both without I have proposed to Congress that every pity or mercy. State in future should appoint one or more Suttlers, as they think proper, for their own men, to be supplied by a Committee by said State with every thing necessary for
appointed
sick
and well men, at a price stipulated by said State; the and Committee to be paid by and accountable to State; and a Superintendent who shall have no other
Suttlers said
business but to see that every soldier belonging to the State
and supported agreeable to their circumproperly supplied that and stances, proper stoppages be made for what they receive, when they are receiving their wages. The Congress is
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1419
approve of the method, hut say it is the business and duty of each State to take care of their own men, and they expect This may appear expensive, but when it is conthey will. sidered that by this or some better method, that the Council and Assembly think of, we may soon (when it is published) have an Army in the field able to defeat any Britain can all send, and without we shall soon have none but officers which is humbly submitted to the wisdom and prudence of the honourable Council and Assembly, by him who has the honour to be, honourable gentlemen, your most obedient and ;
humble
servant,
MATHEW THORNTON.
The Honourable
P. S.
received no letter since
I
Colonel Whipple left
is
well:
New- Hampshire.
have
I
Please to
take the trouble to present my compliments to the honourable Council and Assembly, and to JVilliam Parker, Esq.
The Hon. Meshech
Weare, Esq., President of the Council of the State of New-Hampshire. Baltimore, December 25, 1776.
Major-General Gates and Brigadier-Generals St. Clair and Maxwell, arrived a few days ago at General Washing-
Head-Quarters from Ticonderoga. Colonel Ford, of Morris County, in New- Jersey, who has several hundred men under his command, has harassed the enemy very much by surprising their guards, and taking their ton's
wagons, stores, &tc. Captain Ephraim Anderson, of New-Jersey, has gained great honour in several enterprises against the enemy near Trenton. A number of the Boston Tories have lately died, unpitied and unlamented, at Halifax, in Nova-Scotia. The famous General Brattle is among the number.
December 25, 1776.
SIR: As the severe weather is like to make in, Captain Biddle will try to make a push with the Randolph; and as it is of the utmost consequence that you should get to Carolina if possible, I think it most for the publick service that you should go down the bay in company with him, and I
you in readiness. You will see the ship comes down, and must join her as soon as you can, and you must concert with Captain Biddle the best plan you can think of for getting out. I am fearful an expedition is gone or will soon go against Charles-Town; therefore you must proceed cautiously, and get into the first safe harbour in that State that you can, and give immediate notice to the this will find
as she
President and the Continental Agents of your arrival. I am, sir, by order of the Marine Committee, your ble servant,
,.
r,
VT
hum-i*
ROBERT MORRIS, K. P.
Captain John Nicholson.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO ROBERT MORRIS. Head-ttuarters, 25th December, 1776.
DEAR SIR: I have your obliging favours of the 21st 23d. The blankets are come to hand but 1 would ;
have any of the other goods sent on
till
and not
you hear a^ain
from me. I agree with you that it is in vain to ruminate upon, or reflect upon, the authors or causes of our present mis-
even
fortunes.
We
should rather exert ourselves, and look
ward with hopes,
that
some lucky chance may yet
turn
for-
up
Bad as our prospects are, I should not have in our favour. the least doubt of success in the end did not the late treachery and defection of those who stood foremost in the Opposition while fortune smiled upon us make me fearful that
many more
will
exigency of
DECEMBER,
affairs
requires
it,
1776.
1420
they certainly ought to be
spared.
you a proposition that was made, or officers of two NewEngland regiments, whose time of service will expire on the 1st January. They are, most of them, watermen, and they said their men would willingly go on board the frigates and navigate them round to any of the ports of New-England, if it was thought they would be safer there than in Delaware. You may think of this, and let me hear from you on the will just
]
rather talked
hint to
of, a
few days ago, by the
if the proposition pleases you. Lieutenant Boger, of the Navy, is already gone in; and I have made a demand of Lieutenant Josiah in exchange, but I have not heard whether Lord Howe accedes to it. I will procure the release of Doctor Hodge as soon as it can be done without injuring others by giving him the prefer-
subject
ence, as
1
have always made
who have been
steps in regard to Mr. Jones, by the Andrew Doria. I shall to
letter
it
demand
a rule to
longest in captivity.
1
those
commander
take the earliest opportunity of sending
General Lee, with the
bill
first
take the same of the sloop taken
will
in
your
drawn upon Major
Small.
From an intercepted letter from a person in the secrets of the enemy, I find their intentions are to cross Delaware as soon as the ice is sufficiently strong. I mention this that you may take the necessary steps
for the security
of such
publick and private property as ought not to fall into their hands should they make themselves masters of Philadelphia,
of which they do not seem to entertain the least doubt. I hope the next Christmas will prove happier than the present to you, and to, dear sir, your sincere friend and
humble
servant,
~,
,, T
Go. WASHINGTON.
P. S. 1 would just ask whether you think Christeen a safe place for our stores ? not you think they would be safer at Lancaster, or somewhere more inland ?
Do
MARINE COMMITTEE TO CAPTAIN NICHOLSON.
hope
&c.,
follow their example, who, by using their
some and working upon the fears of others, may extend the circle so as to take in whole Towns, Couninfluence with
nay Provinces. Of this, we have a recent instance in Jersey; and I wish many parts of Pennsylvania may not be ready to receive the yoke. ties,
The
security of the Continental ships-of-war in Delaware is certainly a capital object, and yet to draft the many hands be dannecessary to fit them out, from the Militia,
Robert Morris, Esq.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL PUTNAM. '
Camp, above Trenton-Falls, December 25th, 1776. DEAR SIR: I am glad to hear by your son that you are If I had not been well convinced begetting better again. fore of the enemy's intention of possessing themselves of Philadelphia so soon as the frost will form ice hard enough to transport them and their artillery across the Delaware, I have an intercepted letter which puts the matter beyond a doubt. If, therefore, the citizens of Philadelphia have any regard for the town, not a moment's time is to be lost in putting it in the best posture of defence possible; but lest this should not be done, I would have the publick stores of every kind that can be, removed, except such as may be necessary for immediate use, and except provisions. I think the stores should go towards Lancaster instead of Christeen bridge, unless they can be water borne (at this time to the bridge) and readily transported from thence into the country. Should not this be the case, may they not easily be seized at Christeen 1 I think they may but this matter should be inquired ;
into.
I am Some sorry Colonel Griffin has left the Jerseys. active officer of influence ought, in my opinion, to repair there, to inspirit the people and keep the Militia from disbanding, and, if possible, to encourage them to assemble.
Let me know the exact state and strength of the Militia with you, that I may know how to govern myself; also of the expectation you have of more coming in. I
am, dear
sir,
yours, &.C.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
P. S. If a party of Militia from Philadelphia could be sent over to support the Jersey Militia about Mount-Holly, would it not serve to prevent them from submission ? I wish
you could get Colonel Forman, and endeavour, in my name, to prevail upon him to exert himself in this business. I want to see him myself much on this account. Pray send the letter to Mr. Hancock by express, if the post does not set out immediately for Baltimore.
To
Major-General Putnam.
might
gerous just now. Perhaps, in a little time hence, their places may be supplied with country Militia, and then, if the
COURT-MARTIAL ON CALEB GREEN.
At
a General Court-Martial, held by order of Major-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1421
General Heath, at Mandeville's Tavern, December 25th, before them: 177(i, to try such prisoners as shall be brought Colonel Wijllys President.
Members. Lieut. Colonel Cooper,
Captain Ball, Captain Shipman, Captain Scott, Captain Pettibone, Captain Platt, Captain Maxwell, Morse, Captain Steward, Captain Captain Blane. Captain Darby, Captain Hyde, Judge-Advocate. Caleb Green, a soldier in Colonel Thomas's regiment, and
Major PurJy,
DECEMBER,
&c.,
To
Voted,
1422
1776.
permit Terence McDermott, a prisoner of
go to New- York, on his parole, for thirty-one days, and then to return and deliver himself up, unless within that time he obtain the liberty of some gentleman of equal rank in the American service, in exchange for
war
State, to
this
in
him, &c.
TERENCE M'DF.RMOTT TO GEORGE WYLLYS. Sin:
Cork early in the year '75, in order to Sixteenth Regiment of Foot, quartered
sailed from
I
join his Majesty's at Pensacola, as a volunteer,
and arrived,
Philadelphia, where
passage,
at
When
left
I
after a very long
was made
prisoner.
Samuel Townscnd, confined for desertion. 9th Captain, to the officer of the main guard, PeeJcskitt,
home, there was not the most distant idea of an American war; nor was there the least reason to sus-
December, 1776.
pect
my company,
The prisoner to the crime pleads Not guilty. Abraham Egburt, on oath, testifies, that himself and
the
;
about two miles, and that he has not seen him he returned to his own company, the 8th of De-
own home, till
William Brown, on oath,
testifies,
that
he was sent to
order the prisoner to camp, but on being informed by his
never went neighbours that he was unable to go to camp, I was sent to him a second time, about the beginto him. I forwarded the order by the prisoner's ning of this month.
made no delay in coming. Nathan Merrit testifies, that he agrees with William Brown, and further saith, that about the 25th of last Nobrother, and the prisoner
vember he was
at the prisoner's house,
and that he appeared
very unwell.
Daniel Lewis, on oath, agrees with Nathan Merrit
re-
health. specting the prisoner's The Court having heard the evidences offered, do unanilaid to mously adjudge the prisoner not guilty of the crime his char ^ e SAM'L WYLLYS, President.
do hereby approve the sentence.
The
bearer hereof, Mr. Jeremiah C. Miller,
is
the
recommended to the young gentleman whom I heretofore Committee of Arrangement for an ensigncy. As he does not know whether he is appointed, he now calls on you for
He
information.
is
at present called out with the Militia
it would Highlands; and should he be appointed, his regiment. him to for be necessary join probably t have understood by Mr. Abraham Yates, who this morn-
to the
ing passed by here in his
way
to
Albany, that the Govern-
He was
in so great a hurry to completed. had no opportunity of receiving from him any If you could give information upon this important subject. me your thoughts upon it, you'll oblige me much. I should also be glad to know the day you expect to return to the is
report
go up,
that I
Fishkill, as
it
is
vant,
To
the
New-York
to
and
for thirty
confinement having prevented every opportunity of my agent, the want of which may not only but militate very much against my brothers injure myself, and sisters; and as you are a gentleman of humanity, I beg
my
hearing from
leave to request you will represent my situation to the Governour, and use your influence to obtain this favour, which shall ever be gratefully acknowledged by, obedient and most humble servant,
sir,
your most
TER. MCDERMOTT. George Wyllys, Esq.
In consequence of a particular favour granted me by his Honour Governour Trumbull, in giving me liberty to go to
New-York for
thirty-one days, on parole, to transact private
I, Terence McDermott, an officer in his Britannick Majesty's service, do promise and engage, on the word and honour of a gentlemen and soldier, that I will not convey any intelligence, say or do any thing prejudicial to and also, that I will not bear arms against the these States same until exchanged and that I will, within thirty-one deliver myself up to Governour days from the date hereof, Trumbull, unless within that time I obtain the liberty of some gentleman of equal rank in the American service, who
affairs
of
my own,
;
;
be approved of by his Honour the Governour, or any I likewise be pleased to appoint. be business shall that honour entirely confined my niy
shall
other person he shall give
my own
to
private affairs.
KOBT.
In Committee of Safety, December 25th, 1776.
ser-
vYATES.
Hon. James Duane, Esq., Manor Livingston.
Resolved
permit Mr. Terence McDermott, to go to the terms and for the time mentioned and the foregoing form of a parole, upon his exeto
New-York, upon in
proposed
cuting and delivering the same
Trumbull, Attest
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Governour and Council of Safety of December 25th, 1776 Present: His Honour the Governour, his Honour the Deputy Governour, Jabez Huntington, William Williams,
man
William Hillhouse, Benjamin Hantington, Thomas Sey-
Mr.
mour, Esqrs. Voted, To
rank
At a meeting of
to
days, on parole, in order to neas I am the elder brother of a some affairs, gotiate private long family, who are very young, and unable to help themselves, and must necessarily view me in the light of a parent ;
go to
probable I shall accompany you.
am, with the greatest esteem, your most obedient
I
I presume can be of no disadvantage American cause. Necessity obliges me to ask leave
the
PAROLE OF TERENCE M'DERMOTT.
Claverack, December 25th, 1776.
ment
the same indulgence I mean to ask priety, particularly as has been granted to sundry gentlemen in the American service, both by Generals Carleton and Howe, and a compli-
W. HEATH.
ROBERT YATES TO JAMES DUANE. SIR:
multiplicity of publick business in which the Governour has been lately engaged, prevented me from communicating my private affairs, in order to make a request which I humbly conceive I can now make with the greatest pro-
ance with which
cember.
I
it.
The
to go to the Hospital, to recover their prisoner had liberty health. They went, and found no Doctor, nor any body from the Hospital the prisoner went to his to assist them
since,
I
to his
Honour Governour
in writing.
BENJ. HUNTINGTON, Clerk.
:
the
MEMORANDUM.
Connecticut, Middletown,
Account of Colonel William Pitkin to the Committee of Pay-Table for adjustment, and to draw on the Treasurer for what they shall find justly due, &c. refer an
Voted, That Messrs. Bunting, Waddk, Corsey, Whitebe permitted to return to their , head, Bfts, and in the State of New-York, upon their of abode giving places their parole, in writing, not to give any intelligence, nor do or say any thing against the service of the American States, and return back to this State on being requested.
If
self,
Governour Trumbull
shall agree to
accept of a gentle-
the Continental service, of Mr. McDurmotl's rank, McDnrmott will use his influence to have one of equal in
Young liberty. will obtain liberty for.
set at
he
flatters himcannot be effected,
Mr. Wylliss, he If this
Mr. Durmott will give any security the Governour pleases to ask, that he will return in less than thirty-one days, and consider himself bound in honour by will, during that term, shall be faithfully kept by him. parole,which Mr. Babbage, Captain Hays, Lieutenants Feltham and Richardson, and sundry others, have obtained liberty, some of them to go home, and others into General Howe's camp for a certain time, on private business.
his
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1423
STEPHEN HOPKINS TO JAMES BOWDO1N. Providence, December 25, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: We, the Committees appointed by the States of the Massachusetts-Bay, Connecticut, New-Hampshire, and Rhode- Island, to consider of the measures to be taken at this critical conjuncture for the common defence, and now convened at Providence, are of opinion that the enemy, having with a large body of land forces and a great number of ships-of-war and transports, taken possession of the Island of Rhode-Island and the will penetrate the country, unless a sufbe kept up to repel them; that their taking possession of this town will be attended with the most pernicious consequences to New-England, and, of course, to all the United States; and that for the immediate defence
Narragansett-Bay, ficient force
and security of New-England, it is necessary that the forces from your State under the command of Major-General Lincoln, ordered to march, or who may be marching, through this
town, be retained here
until a
proper representation of
made to Congress, and they give orders therein, some further movements of the enemy shall make
the matter be or unless
We
necessary to march them elsewhere. vinced that the Militia, called suddenly it
upon an alarm, and
quite impatient of fatigue and discipline, to oppose so large a body of the enemy
will
enemy have
information that the ports a quantity of
;
prove ineffectual
and
as
we have
taken on board their trans-
hay and straw, and embarked a considare induced the more strongly
number of troops, we recommend the measure.
erable to
are fully con-
We
submit this representation, and desire you would give orders to General Lincoln, who hath been appointed by the State of Rhode-Island to the command of all the forces in it,
or
to continue his troops here until further orders from if it shall be necessary, to march them elsewhere.
the
DECEMBER,
1776.
STEPHEN HOPKINS, President. Hon. James Bowdoin, President of the Council of
the Massachusetts-Bay.
1424
with his party of forty Light-Dragoons, who surrounded the head-quarters of the Rebel General, about three miles from the Provincial Army, which was guarded by near fifty men ; that on hearing the firing, General -Lee ran to the door, with two French officers, one of whom was shot dead by his side that being thus taken by surprise, he was put upon a horse, ;
and galloped off with in despite of all his overtures for a parley; that Lee, when he was brought in, demanded to be received under the proclamation; but on being refused the benefit thereof, and told that he would be tried as a deserter, he flew into the most unbounded rage, and exclaimed against the repeated acts of false faith and treachery which had reduced him to his present situation. He is now a close prisoner at Brunswick. Colonel White further says, that the Congress had removed from Philadelphia, on the approach of General Howe, to Lancaster, about forty-five miles distant place ; that it was now rendered
from their late
very contemptible by the divisions that had long agitated it, and the revolt of several of its principal members, particularly the family of the Alleynes,
who had come
sional Senate,
all
quitted their seats in this CongresGovernment, and taken the benefit
in to
of the proclamation; that General Washington continues to occupy the heights, with a reduced and mutinous force of about ten thousand men ; for that the time being up of the principal part of the Rebel Army, they were quitting the
and returning discontented, &c.
service,
home
in
a state the most wretched and
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ACTION AT TRENTON WRITTEN BEFORE THE AMERICAN ACCOUNT OF IT ARRIVED IN ENGLAND. ;
you,
We are, very respectfully, honourable gentlemen, your most obedient and humble servants. Signed in behalf of the Committee, by To
&c.,
London, February, 1777.
As
the capture of the Hessians and the manoeuvres against the British took place after the surprise of General Lee, we find that
service.
Lee
not the only efficient officer in the American also, that the mere running through a not the subduing of it. It is a bad rule to think is
We
find
Province is the fate of America decided by the transient possession of open villages and hamlets and those who adopt this rule, are in danger of the poet's satire ;
:
While
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO JOHN WATSON.
War Office,
Boston, December 25th, 1776.
Twixt
'
SIR The Board of War for this State having occasion and being recomfor two hundred hogsheads of tobacco mended to you by Mr. Simeon Eliot, tobacconist of this :
;
town, as a gentleman that could supply us with that quantity hundred weight, to be delivered here you would as soon as possible let us
their
weak heads,
like
towns
unfortified,
sense and nonsense daily change their side.
General Howe has lately been obliged to relinquish WestJersey and White-Plains, quite up to King's Bridge; and who knows that the taking even of Philadelphia may'nt be more lasting. Charles the Third twice entered Madrid, and was twice forced to retreat from thence Charles, how:
at thirty shillings per free of charge, desire
ever,
hear from you, advising whether you can supply us at the same. If the proposal is agreeable to you, will immediately send the same to Boston by teams, and your draft on the Board for the pay of the same, as soon as the tobacco is delivered, shall be duly honoured.
a bad rule to call ourselves prosperous in proportion as we penetrate the country ; for our danger increases in proportion to our distance from the fleet, and our dispersion. Perhaps the small scale of our maps deceives
his
was always King of Spain
in the
neighbourhood of
Army.
It is likewise
Mr. John Watson.
us; and as the word America takes up no more room than the word Yorkshire, we seem to think the territories they represent much of the same bigness: though Charles- Town is
COLONEL WHITE
Braddock as far from Boston, as London is from Venice. might tell the difficulties of this loose, rugged country, were Yet these officers he still do it. Amherst
By
order of the Board
:
T
J.
S
D
,,,
STATEMENT OF AFFAIRS
.
,
President.
WARREN,
IN AMERICA.
London, February
25, 1777.
Yesterday Lieutenant-Colonel White, Aid-de-Camp to General Howe, arrived at Lord George Germain's office, from America, with the following intelligence That about Christmas last, General Washington, at the head of a lar^e :
body of Provincials, attacked the left wing of the King's forces near Trentown, in New-Jersey, consisting of several
The night preceding the grand brigades of Hessians. they drove in our advanced posts, and the next
affair,
morning began their attack very briskly about six o'clock, when, after a smart engagement, the Hessians, who were unfortunately detached, were routed, seven hundred of whom were taken and their Colonel, Reyne, killed. The Forty-Ninth prisoners, and Seventeenth Regiments of British were ordered to advance to bring off Dunhoff's corps, which they effected, but with great
loss.
Town,
the
in
The left of our Army is now at Princessmidway between New-York and Philadel-
He further phia, and about twenty miles from Trentown. adds, that General Lee was made prisoner by Colonel Barcourt,
who had marched
near forty miles from the
Army
may
living.
found a willing people to help them ; and General Howe finds nothing willing. Well may the Brothers be at a loss for the next campaign, when there is no ruling fortress to direct them, the attack and possession of which would give them command over the country. have undertaken a war against farmers and farm-houses, scattered through a wild waste of continent, and shall soon be mortified at hearing our General obliged to garrison woods, and scale rocks and mountains, to wait for boats and pontoons at rivers, and to have many of his convoys and escorts as large as armies. These, and a thousand such difficulties, will rise upon us in the next stage I of the war. say next stage, because we have hitherto spent one campaign and some millions, in losing one landing place at Boston; and at the charge of seven millions and a
We
second campaign,
we have
replaced
it
with two other land-
ing places (or sally-ports) at Rhode-Island and New-York. Men with military ideas must allow that the war itself but But I believe the English opens in the ensuing campaign.
nation won't always rest contented,
if
our success
is
to
meet
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1425
with a full stop, whenever "the Rebels throw themselves into strong holds," and "a strong country;" particularly should the cast into the same of the country
major part
consist of sixty-eight men under one Captain, two Lieutenants, and an It will be necesEnsign, to be chosen by the Company. sary that the men should furnish themselves with the best guns and other arms which can be procured, also powderhorns, cartouch-boxes or pouches, and blankets. And I do hereby promise, that all such persons as shall
rank and
prove
The success of a war of parties must necessarily be various, were it only from the accidental difference of numbers in those The advantages in these actions, for some parties. years to come, will probably be in our favour; but we shall at last us. I would in the certainly teach them how to beat time
rate;
for often
shrunk away so
and
Army
last year,
it
But
will
to
throw the blame of
ill
Given under
my hand, this 26th day of December, in the year of the Commonwealth, and in the year of our Lord 1776. PATRICK HENRY, Jun. first
JAMES LLOYD CHAMBERLAINE TO DANIEL OF
success from themselves
entirely of opinion with Voltaire, that every great Something more is conqueror must be a great politician.
required than the mere mechanical business of fighting, in
composing revolts, and bringing back things to their former When General Howe talks order, for any length of time. so peevishly of the burning of New- York and the murder of Captain Philips, he throws aside all memory of the burning of Falmouth and other towns, and of the conduct of the Hessians, who, like other mercenaries, can't be kept attached without much license and plunder. He ought to have
New-York was evacuated by
order of Congress,
common
When
he
says, however, with respect to the fate of this unfortunate " the youth, that enemy seem from several late instances to
mode
have adopted
this of war," he confesses that the fact, supposing his idea of it well founded, is both new and unBut I never indulge in personalities. The charfrequent. acters of the Brothers were once respectable, and I could but I shall leave the spoiling willingly have praised them of those characters to themselves. ;
I
am,
sir,
A.
yours, &:c.,
*See Pringle,
Afontecuculli, &c.,
A
sincere desire to render
my country every service me induced to my power, accept the enclosed commission but finding myself disappointed, that many of us rather disposed to quarrel with his neighbour than face the ;
am
that
Talbot County, December 26th, 1776.
SIR:
perhaps soon
to prevent its being burnt, and that nothing is more in war than the resentment of the peasantry.
THOMAS
in
;
known
ST.
JENIFER.
has
upon the Ministry, to whom it certainly belongs. They speak truly, however they must have a much larger force to do any thing effectual. I
of the troops, and forwarding the shall not be obliged to
and that such volunteers
troops.
The Brothers, as I understand, have sent for more assistThe reance, a great part of which they must be refused. quest, I think, is a signal of their fears, and intimates that mean
;
serve longer than the particular exigence that called them forth continues, or their place can be supplied by regular
every year. Germany go on heavily ; and so I think it ought, if we must pay them not only for all we inlist, but for all we lose.
they
this
expeditious marching
same
is
recruiting in
receive the pay and rations
service shall
State for their regular troops; also forage for such horses as they, or any of them, may find for the
so incomplete, that by the time the transports arrive in May, these reinforcements will turn out to be only recruits, and this must be done over again fast,
this
provided by
it to each side to be calm and modeone side has fora month or two, perhaps,
standing the seeming inactivity of our
file,
in
engage
recommend
been revelling in the triumph of victory, a defeat may come and damp their spirits for the following month: like the vibrating of a balance, which at last, however, must settle with the heavier weight. All the events that have yet taken place in America, are trivial and bloodless, compared with what we may hereafter expect from thence. Horrour runs through me, when I think of the prospect. As we seem pleasant and well satisfied, at the idea of largely augmenting our forces in America, I must tell your readers, (what they don't all of them know,) that an army generally loses one fourth of its whole numbers every camNotwithpaign, from slaughter, sickness, and so forth.*
1426
1776.
Each Company must
ness.
mould.
mean
DECEMBER,
fee.,
that a general discontent prevails, and unwillingness in the people to do any duty or even attend, musters, and a disregard to any sort of order, several battalions with-
enemy,
out
field officers,
and others absolutely refusing to obey the
commands
me
of those appointed over them, has determined to resign that commission with which I was honoured
by the Convention; and wish he that succeeds give general satisfaction. I am, with the greatest respect, sir, ble servant,
To
T
JAS.
me may
your obedient, hum-
LLOYD r, CHAMBERLAINE. T
the Hon'ble the President of the Council of Safety, in
Annapolis.
DANIEL OF
ST.
THOMAS JENIFER TO COLONEL PLATER. Stepney, December 26th, 1776.
DEAR
SIR: Enclosed you have a letter from the President of the Board of War, and the proposed answer to it from our Board, which, if approved by you, 1. M. Thomas may be sent on to Colonel Hale for his assent, in order to save time.
With
my
compliments
ent servant,
To
to
Mrs. Plater, I
DAN
>
L QF ST
am
THOS
your obedij ENlrER>
the Hon'ble Colonel Plater.
have kept a copy of the letter to Mr. H., and It will save time; and the to town with me. one of post be permitted to proceed without calling upon P. S.
I
will bring
it
our clerks.
B.'
MEMORIAL.
&c.
To
the
Honourable Mr. HANCOCK, President of
the
Con-
tinental Congress:
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN
PROCLAMATION BY THE GOVERNOUR OF VIRGINIA. his Excellency PATRICK HENRY, Jun., Esq., Governour or Chief Magistrate of the Commonwealth of Virginia : A. Proclamation.
I see
nothing
in the
:
I
am conscious of no crime. my life that can appear
whole career of
By
inconsistent with the nicest principles of probity and military I should be sorry that this supplication should be honour. understood as the insinuations of an injured officer, rather
Whereas the present critical situation of American affairs renders necessary l,he utmost exertion of every sister State, to put a speedy end to the cruel ravages of a haughty and inveterate enemy, and secure our invaluable 1 have
than the humble effusions of a soul which has always been a stranger to inaction. Yes, honourable gentlemen, there is nothing which my heart aspires to more than to demonstrate the purity of my sentiments, in that grand field of crisis opens to our view. If, glory which this alarming of Congress be pleased members honourable the therefore, to grant me the honour of finishing this campaign with my in the presence of re"iment, I solemnly pledge my honour,
rights:
thought proper, by and with the advice of the Privy Council, to issue this my Proclamation, hereby most earnestly exhorting and requiring the several County Lieutenants, and other officers of the Militia within this Com-
therefore
monwealth, and all other subjects of the same, forthwith to use their utmost endeavours to associate so many Compaof Volunteers as may be willing to engage in the defence of this State, or inarch to the assistance of any other, should the exigency of things demand it, and, without loss of time, to inform me of their success in this businies
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
90
God and
the Congress, that
1
will
appear at
my
trial
when
required.
am, with the most profound respect, most honourable most humble and obedient servant, gentlemen, your 1
Officer
MEYNIERE, of the American service.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1427
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. December 26th, 1776. SIR: I have just received by the return of Pluckrosc, the express, your favour of the 23d, and am very happy to find my conduct merits the approbation of Congress. They
may depend on my utmost exertions to promote the publick good on every occasion that offers; and it is with singular pleasure I communicate any thing that will give you satisfaction, as 1 know what follows must. Captain Charles Alexander, whom I sent up to Colonel Cadwalader
for a few tradesmen, necessary to finish his with the Colonel, a note says that whilst he was came in from Trcntown, giving an account that General that he had sent Jt'ushington is now master of that place; down lo the ferry three hundred prisoners; had taken all the baggage and stores at that place; that the
sloop,
enemy's
an hour and a pretty hot, for an hour or towards then run British that the Bordenton, half; away and our people after them. This account is just confirmed action had been
by a letter from Mr. Barclay to Mr. Mease, who says Mr. Tilghman had come down to the ferry and gave him the This manoeuvre of the General had been deteraccount. mined on some days ago, but he kept it secret as the nature of the service would admit. Colonel Cadwalader and General
orders to cross the river from their respect-
Ewing had
ive posts at the same time the General crossed from his, but the ice driving down from the falls impeded, and indeed
DECEMBER,
remain of
up
this side; so that, if General Washington does but the blow and pursue them downwards, I think this
prove a mortal stroke to the enemy's intended expedi-
will
tion against this city.
Colonel Griffin little
is
returned from his expedition, after a enemy brought too powerful a body
skirmishing, as the
against him; however, about four hundred Jersey Militia remain at Mount-Holly, and 1 think General Putnam should reinforce them, as here are lately come in a considerable number of Militia. Indeed, I believe he has sent over a
reinforcement, but to-morrow morning I will speak to on this subject, as it is now too late at night.
Mr. Sherman arrived here yesterday.
him
have not seen, but am told, he brings an account that General Heath has crossed the North River, retaken Fort Lee and Hackensack, with all the baggage and stores at those places, and one hundred and thirty prisoners; and that he was employing wagons to remove the stores into places of greater safety. And from another quarter I am told General Washington, previous to his attack on Trentown, had given General Heath I
suitable orders.
You
will
observe I
am
not perfectly master of General
But it appears to me that he Washington's plan. directed General Heath to continue his march in enemy's rear. Those that are between Hackensack Trentoivn will be drawn off from General Washington,
has the
and
and
leave him to pursue the flying heroes towards Burlington, where I expect Colonel Cadivalader will cut off the commu-
between them and about two thousand Hessians and Highlanders, that came to Moore's Town against Griffin. If this is the plan, I think it well laid; and if the General is
nication
properly supported in the execution, why shall we not put It must, I had a glorious end to the campaign of 1776? like to say it shall be so.
Captain Robinson, of the Andrew Doria, tells me just that he hears his prize-sloop is got up to the chevauxand as this is the first of King George's own de-frise vessels that we have taken, I should be glad the Congress would order her into their service, and give the command of her to Lieutenant Dunn, of the Andrew Doria, who lias been in the service from the first, and is said to be an officer of merit. Should General Washington follow up
now
;
his if
blow,
we may
Howe comes
get time to
here,
fit
out
we cannot do
it
all
for
the vessels; but want of trades-
men.
The
letter for
be sent to him
in
General Washington, from Congress, shall the morning by Major Pierce, and a copy
1428
General Lee, and flatter myself they will be well pleased to learn that I had wrote a letter to him, enclosing a bill drawn by two officers of the Royal Highland Emigrants, on Major Small, for one hundred and sixteen pounds sterling, that had been supplied them by my friends in Carolina, where they are prisoners. This letter I sent open to General Washwho ington, promised to send it in with a flag; and in that letter I told General Lee I hoped he would be permitted to write me when he wanted more money, and he might deon receiving it. Notwithstanding the supply I sent in, rend shall desire General Washington to send a flag to know if gold will be admitted, and I will make a point to collect it.
Mr. Walton is now here. We have sent for Mr. Clymer, and to-morrow we shall enter on business as Committee men; and if our best endeavours to serve the publick can secure the approbation of Congress, we shall have it.
The enclosed letter from the General to your Honour I being directed to you here, I judged it best to open it. shall keep the contents to myself, as I shall of all letters of that kind but I mentioned to the General what he deemed news from France, and it had a good effect. good ;
I
am, most
your most humble servant,
truly, sir,
ROBT. MORRIS.
ROBERT MORRIS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Philadelphia,
bring
follow
1776.
I of the resolves you enclosed. suppose there is a copy in the letter to him, but as you do not mention it I think it best to send them. I am happy to find the attention Congress have paid to
Colonel Cadprevented them from effecting this business. walader got over one thousand men near Burlington ; but could not land his artillery on account of the ice, and this day being such extreme bad weather, he was compelled to
them back; but on receiving the advice from TrenI am confident he will be ton, he determined to go again. over this night; and I do suppose General Ewing \v\\\ not
&c.,
DEAR
SIR:
December
26, 1776.
have
just received yours of yesterday, and will duly attend to those things you recommend to my consideration. At present, I have to enclose you a letter from I
Congress, which I suppose contains their resolves of the 20th instant; but as the President does not say in his letter to me that they are enclosed to you, and as it is necessary
you should have them, copy of them. 1
am
I
take the liberty to send herewith a
well pleased to see the attention they pay to Genand I shall make a point to collect and send your
eral Lee,,
Excellency soon as possible the one hundred half-johannes they order. You'll observe Mr. Clymer, Mr. Walton, and myself, are appointed a Committee to transact the Continental business here that may be necessary and proper, and I apprehend it will frequently be necessary that we should know the substance of your correspondence with Congress. Your letters to the President, if sent open, under our cover, shall always meet despatch, and their contents kept secret. And when
improper we should see them before the Conthem, and they shall go forward untouched; and if you don't approve of submitting them to our inspection at all, write us freely, and your wishes in that respect shall be
you think
it.
gress, seal
complied with. We have just heard of your success at Trenton. The account is but imperfect, but we learn you are master of that place and of all the baggage and stores our enemies had there, and of three hundred prisoners, and that your troops were still in pursuit of the flying enemy. I have just wrote to Congress, and told them this much, as the substance of our account just come down and I told them further, I had been informed that you had executed in this matter your that General Heath, at Hackpart of a well-concerted plan ensack, had orders from you, and that General Ewing and Colonel Cadwalader also had orders to cross Delaware at the same time you did, but had been prevented by driving ice. Good news sets all the animal spirits to work; the imagination is heated, and I could not help adding, that I expected General Heath was to continue his march towards Brunswick, which would draw the attention of any troops posted there and at Prince-Town, whilst you would pursue the flying heroes to Bordenton and Burlington, where Ewing and Cadwalader would stop them, and cut off their communication with the two thousand Hessians and Highlanders ;
;
came after Griffin; nay, I almost promised them that you should, by following up this first blow, finish the campaign of 1776 with that eclat that your numerous friends and admirers have long wished for. I congratulate you most heartily on what is done, and am, that
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1429
with perfect esteem, dear
sir,
your Excellency's most obe-
dient servant,
KOBT. MORRIS.
DECEMBER,
fee.,
1776.
1430
unburied. What numbers of my countrymen have died by cold and hunger, perished for want of the common necessaries of life 1 have seen it. This, sir, is the boasted Brit' !
To
Excellency George Washington, Esq., General and Commander-in-Chief, &c. his
ish
clemency
myself had well-nigh perished under it. people can have no idea of such barNothing can stop such treatment but retalI
!
The New-England
barous policy. I ever despised private revenge, but that of the It is due publick must be in this case just and necessary. iation.
COLONEL CADWALADER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Bristol, 26th
The
December, 1776.
was so full of ice that it was impossible to pass above Bristol, where I intended, and therefore concluded to make an attempt at Dunks's Ferry. As soon as it was dark, I seat down all the boats I could muster, and marched down about eight o'clock. I embarked a few men to line the river, and prevent any person escaping to give intelligence to the enemy; and these were followed by a part of the First Battalion of Militia; then two field-pieces, with which [ went over to see if it was practicable to land them, and, upon examination, found it was impossible, the SIR:
river
ice being very thick.
Upon
reporting this to the field-officers,
they were all of opinion that it would not be proper to proceed without cannon. During this time the Third Battalion was landed. concluded to withdraw the troops that had passed, but could not effect it till near four o'clock this mornThe whole then were ordered to march for Bristol. ing.
We
I imagine the badness of the night must have prevented you from passing as you intended. Our men turned out cheer-
We
fully.
had about eighteen hundred rank and
file, 'in-
It will be impossible for the enemy to pass the river till the ice will bear. Would it not be proper to attempt to cross below and General Putnam, who was to go over from join
cluding artillery.
Philadelphia to-day with five hundred men, which number, added to the four hundred Jersey Militia which Colonel Griffin left there, would make a formidable body ? This would cause a diver-
sion that would favour any attempt you may design in future, and would expose their baggage and stores if they attempted It is to cross. impossible in our present situation to cooperate with General Putnam. The Militia will be easier kept together by being in motion, and we shall have some service from Colonel Hitchcock's brigade, whose time of inlistment will be up in a few days. We have procured a considerable number of shoes, stockings, and breeches, for them. They are in good spirits, and inlist very fast. I am, sir, with great respect, your most obedient, humble
servant,
To
T JOHN CADWALADER.
Excellency General Washington.
his
COLONEL CADWALADER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Bristol, 26th
SIR
:
We are
now
December, 1776
perfectly prepared,
immediately, but the troops
lost their rest
nine o'clock.
and would cross last night.
We
have determined to pass over to the neck of land a little above Bristol, at six. o'clock in the morning, proceed to Russel, down the Square, and from thence to Bordenton. I imagine if a part of your Army was to take possession of the other side of Crosswix Bridge, which is a pass easily defended, and the main body march round by Crosswix, we might perfectly surround the troops at Bordenton, so as to There are about two hunprevent one man from escaping. dred
men
seized,
and
posted at White Hill, which post will be a commanding one for us.
may be
easily If possible, I
should be glad to hear from you before we set off. General Putnam was to cross at Philadelphia to-day, if the weather permitted, with one thousand men. Three hundred went over yesterday, and five hundred Jersey Militia are now there, as Colonel Griffin informs me to-day. These corps compose a formidable force. The plan would be more
complete if General Putnam was one day's march advanced. I am, sir, with great respect, your most humble servant,
JOHN CADWALADER.
EXTRACT Or A LETTER FROM A PRISONER IN NEW-YORK TO A GENTLEMAN IN NEW-LONDON, CONNECTICUT, DATED 26TH DECEMBER, 1776.
The words.
of the prisoners cannot be communicated by Twenty or thirty die every day. They lie in heaps
distress
to the manes of our murdered countrymen and that alone can protect the survivors in the like situation. Rather than experience again their barbarity and insults, may I fall by the sword of the Hessians. ;
I
am,
&,c.
GENERAL HEATH TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Peek's Kill, December 26th, 1776.
DEAR GENERAL:
Yesterday General Wadsworth's briwent home, gade leaving the stores without a guard until I sent one down. The Militia of this State are coming in. None have as yet arrived from the eastward. Brigadier-General Warner was at Danbury the last night, with four companies only;
more are hourly expected. I
General Lincoln is on the road. have sent your Excellency's letter by express to meet
him.
have received per Colonel Sheldon, one hundred and thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars, and shall apply them to the purposes directed by your ExcelI
fifty-six
lency.
The
Lee and Sullivan's which are divided, partly at yogr Excellency's camp and partly here, will be very difficult. The naked, convalescents, and sick, were left here. They constitute the greater part of the regiments, and cannot get home with out their wages, being destitute of money; and unless the Colonels who are with your Excellency, send the men's wages to them, they will suffer. Colonel .Read and Colonel Little are here, with such of their regiments as were left I shall endeavour to secure all the arms, accoubehind. trements, ammunition, Sic., which are in the hands of the case of the regiments of General
divisions,
troops belonging to the States, before they leave the if
camp,
possible. I find by
your Excellency's orders of the 21st of January such recruits as should find " their own arms, provided they were good, should be allowed one dollar for the I should be glad to be informed if there was use of them." another order that such as had arms found them should pay Such an order I thought the like sum for the use of them. there was, but cannot find it as yet, and therefore request a determination from your Excellency; until which I shall delay the payment of the December abstracts. The state of the regiment of Artillery, a corps most essential to an army, is such that I cannot omit making mention of it to your Excellency. Many of those who are here last, that
would have inlisted, but no attempts have been made towards it. They will all go home in a few days, and we shall not have men to discharge a cannon, unless I can of them to continue until I hear from prevail upon some your Excellency. The Convention of this State, for about a fortnight, have It is still a been meditating a secret expedition. profound secret, but talked of every where. This, or some other intention of
am
the
enemy, has .induced them, as I up to King's
a brigade of Hessians just informed, to send
Bridge.
The moment
I
am
able I shall pay attention to West-
I have ordered a regiment down to-morChester County. row, and hope, ere long, not only to curb the disaffected and pick up some of the enemy, but also avail myself of
from that quarter. quantities of forage It is reported here that your Excellency has lately given such plunder as may be ta'ken from, the orders respecting
enemy, or those who take up arms
If any new against us. orders have been given in this respect, I should beg to be
acquainted with them. As soon as the tents, arms, tools, &c., are collected and stored, a return of all the stores shall be made to your
Excellency. I should be glad to know if your Excellency would have the artificers again engaged, or any part of them, and
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1431 whether
in a distinct corps, or taken from the regiments, as has been practised heretofore. I have the honour to be, most respectfully, your Excel-
lency's most
humble
servant,
am, dear
Peekskill, 26th
HONOURED shall
SIR: I came leave it, on
to
place
my way
this
through
Jos.
Peeks
day, and by
Crum-Pond,
At
Peekskill,
December 26th, 1776.
You are immediately to march the regiment under to North-Castle. You will there protect command your the teamsters who will be sent down to that place to re:
number of
When
sleds, &.c.
that
is
done, you
will post your regiment in such manner as to give protection to the well-affected, to curb the disaffected, and prevent
any
You
light parties of the enemy from ravaging the country. will keep a most vigilant look-out, and keep patrolling
the enemy. You your troops parties constantly will give frequent intelligence of any discoveries which you
between
and
may make of the enemy, or of any quantities of forage that you may discover. You will keep your troops under strict When the time order and discipline, and prevent abuses. to which your regiment is engaged expires, you will carefully return such arms, accoutrements, and ammunition, as they may have at any time received from the publick stores. The Militia of West-Chester County, who have been ordered by the honourable Convention of the State of New- York to rendezvous at North- Castle, you will (unless some other superiour officer should be there) post in such manner as best to effect the purposes for which you are sent on command. If you can prevail on your regiment to continue ten in the service, after the ekpiration of their present inlistment, I think it will promote the service. t am, sir, your humble servant,
days longer
W. HEATH, M. G.
To
Colonel Thomas Thomas.
GENERAL HEATH TO COLONEL PALFREY. Peeks
DEAR
SIR:
Kill,
December 26th, 1776.
I
the troops,
&c.
am much
pleased with your your next deputy at this place. I sent for him the next morning, but found that he was gone to Philadelphia, where, perhaps, you may have seen I afterward sent to Mr. Glover, who is so much inhim.
nomination of Mr.
Hazard
1
for
disposed as wholly to decline acting in that capacity.
I
have therefore appointed Major Huntington to officiate pro tempore, until Mr. Hazard returns, when I hope to prevail upon him to accept the trust. I have delivered to Major Huntinglon twenty-six thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars
;
the remainder
is still in
my
care.
There
are to be
paid off here five regiments of General Parsons's brigade, five of General George Clinton's, one of General James Clinton.
and
General Wadsworth's brigade, and Colon.el
Read
who
are here with the greater part of their regiments, are soliciting that theirs may be paid here also. Colonel Read has, however, since sent an officer to you. Little,
December
26tli,
1776.
.
Lieut. Colonel Cooper,
Captain Captain Captain Captain Captain Captain
Major Killings, Captain Captain Captain Captain
Mills,
Venton, Teller,
Shippman, Scott,
Platt,
Sfewart,
Graham,
Blaine. Barns, Jedadiah Captain Hyde, Judge Advocate for said Court. The Court met by adjournment of yesterday. The Court adjourned till Saturday, the 28th, at ten o'clock, at this place.
The Court met by adSaturday, December the 28th. journment. Joseph Niclos, prisoner, being brought before the Court, being charged with desertion last March from Captain Perkins, of the Train he being asked whether or not, of guilty
;
the charge, pleads
Not
guilty.
As no evidences appears in support of the charge, the Court are of -opinion that he be released from his confinement. William Ogden, being brought before the Court upon a charge of secretly going into the room, the
prison prisoner pleads not guilty of the charge. And no evidences attending the Court to support the charge against him, the Court judge that the prisoner be released from confinement.
Thomas
before the
Joyce being brought Court, for fighting, being noisy in disturbing the Court, and taking eleven dollars for three handkerchiefs, from John Cole, when he
Ought to have had but seven and a half
dollars, the prisoner pleads Not guilty. Isaac Robinson, being sworn, declareth and sayeth, that he saw Thomas Joyce deliver three handkerchiefs to John Cole, and afterwards that said Joyce took one handkerchief back, and the deponent delivered the handkerchief to the
above Riell. Tabell swears that Thomas Joyce bought one dozen silk handkerchiefs of him, the deponent, and that John Cole was about purchasing two handkerchiefs for his comrades, and one for himself, as an encouragement to them to inlist and that Joyce sold this John Cole three handkerchiefs for two dollars and a half each, but afterwards this Joyce took one handkerchief back. Further says, that one was taken off the neck of the other; that said ;
received your favour of the 17th instant of Colonel Sheldon, with one hundred and fifty-six thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars, in Continental bills, for the
payment of
Kills,
a
Court.
TRUMBULL.
GENERAL HEATH TO COLONEL THOMAS.
a
W. HEATH.
General Court-Martial held by order of MajorGeneral Heath, for the trial of all such prisoners as might be brought before them, Colonel Wyilys, President of said
Governour Trumbull.
move
yours affectionately,
December, 1776.
North- Castle, Horse-Neck, &.C., for Hartford, where I expect to spend most part of the winter, in preparing and We have nothing new. laying my accounts before auditors. 1 am in good health except a bad cold. I am, honoured sir, your dutiful son,
SIR
sir,
PROCEEDINGS OF A GENERAL COURT-MARTIAL.
JOSEPH TRUMBULL TO GOVERNODR TRUMBUI.L.
Sunday
other person for your approbation unless I shall take care that he complies
it
Colonel Palfrey.
His Excellency General Washington.
this
do
will
1776.
yourself, with your directions. I
W. HEATH.
DECEMBER,
name some
I will
you
fee.,
He
has doubtless ere this time been with you. One of the Colonel Douglasses, of the late Connecticut Militia, has
an abstract examined by you, and the warrant wrote but not signed. He has sent to know if it can be paid here. If all these should be paid off here, and the recruiting officers should be successful, we shall ere long want more money. Colonel Sheldon tells me that he shall want a If he refuses, large sum as soon as Mr. Hazard returns.
Cole demanded his change of Joyce, but refused to give any back, and said that Cole had had four.
Daniel Horn, being sworn, declares and says, that John Cole wanted him to inlist, and promised to give him a silk handkerchief for him and his messmates, upon which John Cole bought three handkerchiefs, and delivered the whole of the handkerchiefs to the deponent; which he took upon and tied one round his neck, and kept the other two in his hand and he also saw Cole pay him, the said Joyce, eleven dollars and demanded the change, but Joyce refused to give to the any back, and confirms the above evidence in ;
respect taking the handkerchief off his neck. The Court having taken maturely into consideration the above evidences, adjudge the prisoner guilty of the crimes laid to his charge, and sentence him to receive on the naked back fifteen lashes, and to refund the change to John Cole.
SAM'L WYLLYS, President. I
do approve of the foregoing sentences.
W. HEATH, M.
Gen' I.
COLONEL HUMFREY TO MAJOR BIRDSALL. 26 December, 1776.
SIR
:
talion to
have just now received orders for the whole batmarch on Wednesday next, towards North- Castle,
I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1433
till they may be relieved hy new-raised levies be allowed sleighs or wagons to carry their baggage, and I be in full pay. hope you will prepare to march with the
there to remain
;
to
Your compliance
battalion.
will oblige
WILLIAM u HUMFREY.
servant,
To
your most humble
llr
Major Benjamin
Birdsill.
Fort Constitution, December 2Gth, 1776. :
I
DECEMBER,
1776.
1434
in service one year from the first day of January next, unless sooner discharged, you are therefore hereby authorized and directed, forthwith to inlist and cause to be inlisted such company of able-bodied, effective men, who shall have and
receive as an encouragement and reward, viz: Each noncommission officer and soldier finding himself a good blank-
twelve shillings, and for finding a good fire-arm, bayonet, cartouch-hox, and accoutrements, and the acceptance of his chief officer, ten shillings, as a premium; and sixpence per diem for billeting from their inlisting until they shall be supplied by the publick, and one month's pay advanced; and et,
COLONEL SWARTWOUT TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION.
GENTLEMEN
&c.,
now send by
the bearer, Ensign Weaver,
shall
have the following pay and wages, viz: Lieutenant,
two yoke of oxen and cart, which were the property of five pounds eight shillings; Sergeant, forty-eight shillings; Mr. Frederick Van Cortland, at Kingslridge. The oxen and Privates, and are forty shillings, per calendar month and cart was pressed, in order to carry the baggage of my carefully and diligently to attend the duty of their offices regiment to the White-Plains from Peekskill: were sent and places, and may be called off on any special emergency with medicines to Fishkill, from which place I sent for for the relief of any places on the sea-coast of this State them here, to haul down timber to make rafts; and as they when attacked or in ;
farther service here, have thought best to sent to you, gentlemen, to order with them as
can't be of
have them you think
any
You will be good enough to direct the he must deliver the cattle, and the receiver to give a receipt for them. I am, gentlemen, with greatest respects, your very humfit.
whom
bearer to
ble servant >
To
JACOBUS SWARTWOUT,
the Convention of the State of
New- York,
Col.
danger. considering the necessity of every exertion for defence against the invasion and ravages of our enemies, and the great demand for soldiers in more distant services, and
And
many other reasons, it cannot be doubted but you will be able immediately to fill up your said company. Given under my hand, at Middletown, the 26th day of December. A. D. 1776. rp for
JONTH. TRUMBULL.
at Fishkills.
PAROLE OF STEPHEN DE LANCEY.
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO GENERAL HEATH. In Committee of Safety for the State of New- York, Fish Kill, December 26th, 1776.
) J
day received your favour of the 24th instant, which I laid before the Committee, in answer to your rewith regard to the disposition of the prisoners taken SIR:
I this
quest,
I am directed plundering inhabitants of this State. you the enclosed resolves, by which you will see the determinations of the Committee with respect to them. The Committee confide in your ready compliance with for
up
to transmit
their request. I am also directed to inform
you that the troop of Horse,
of forage.
am,
with respect, your most obedient, humble ser-
sir,
ABM. TEN BROECK, President. Major-General Heath.
I,
the subscriber, of the city of Albany, and for some time past resided at
Province of New-York, have
Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, being apprehended and sent thither by the General Committee of the County of Albany, as a person suspected of disaffection to the United States of America; and whereas upon my application to his Honour Jonathan Trumbull, Esq., Governour of said State of Connecticut, hath permitted me to return to my family in the Province of New- York, and reside there till otherwise I do ordered hereby pledge my faith and word of honour :
Governour Trumbull,
that I will neither bear arms, nor excite or encourage others to bear arms, against this or any of the United States of America, and that I will not do or say any thing in prejudice of the interest or measures of this or any of the said united States of America, and that I will give no intelligence to the enemies of said States of to said
which were some time stationed at this place, some time since returned to Connecticut, with the consent and advice of the Convention of this State, on account of the scarcity I
Whereas
any of the counsels, operations of war, or other the transactions of this or any of said States, and that I will return to any place in this State when required by his Honour Governour Trumbull, the General Assembly of Connecticut, or his Excellency the General of the Armies of said United '
In Committee of Safety for the State of Fishkill,
New-York, December 26th, 1776.
)
$
States for the time being. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set
Resolved, That General Heath be requested to send the Prisoners now in confinement at Peeks Kill, for thefts and of this State, under guard to the plundering the inhabitants Gaol of Dutchess County, at Poukeepsie, there to remain thence delivered by due course of law; and General till Heath is farther requested to cause the names of the said
26th December, 1776.
be transmitted to the Committee of Safety or prisoners Convention of this State, that a proper mittimus may issue to commit them. Extract from the Minutes.
find the
to
my
hand,
this
Boston, December 26, 1776.
Amongst
the worthies
under the protection
of,
who have joined,
Howe
or put themselves
and company,
at Trenton,
we
names of the following noted personages, viz James Galloway, Esq., late a member of the Congress, :
Speaker of the Pennsylvania Senate, and printer of a publick newspaper in Philadelphia.
CONNECTICUT COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
John Allen, Esq., (son of the celebrated rhetorical, imlearned judge, whose memory will outlast the five partial, mile stone,) late a member of the Philadelphia Committee of Observation, Inspection, &c.
At a meeting of the Governour and Council of Safety of Connecticut, Middletown, December 26th, 1776^Present: His Honour the Governour, his Honour the
Andrew Allen, Esq., (brother to Jack,) late a member of Congress, one of the Pennsylvania Committee of Safety, of and, at the same time, a sworn advocate for George III.,
ROBT. BENSON,
Secretary.
Deputy Governour, Jabez Huntington, William Williams, William Hillhouse, Benjamin Huntington, Esquires. Sundry Officers were appointed in the Continental service, instead of others that refused, as appears by the lists and arrangements.
BEATING ORDERS TO LIEUTENANT BURR.
To Lieutenant GEORGE BURR, greeting : You being by the General Assembly of
this State,
William Allen, Esq., (brother to Andrew,) late a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Continental service, which station he not because he was totally unfit for it, but because resigned the "Continental Congress presumed to declare the American States free and independent, without first asking the consent and obtaining the approbation of himself and wise family.
COLONEL OILMAN TO NEW- HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY.
holden
the 18th of December instant, appointed Ensign of a company, to consist of twenty men, including one Sergeant, to be stationed at Fairfield, and to continue at
Britain, and his creatures.
Pembroke, 26 December, 1776.
Middletown
HONOURED GENTLEMEN: his
appointment as Surgeon
I acquainted Doctor His to my regiment.
Green of answer I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1435 As
enclose.
the
House holds the appointment of
sacred to themselves, I would not, neither do take the prerogative to myself"of appointing one. Ittt waits on your Honours for that purpose.
a
Surgeon
desire, to
I
Mr. Bart-
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1436
it when taken, and that these troops be inlisted during the war. 1 believe that five or six thousand would be sufficient, and that St. John's river should be strongly fortified in the first place, to secure a retreat and keep up a communication. This may he easily done, as
force sufficient to hold
Should he be despatched as soon as possible. 1 should be glad if the advance pay and travelling money for tny Adjutant and Surgeon, if one is appointed, may be sent by Mr. Bartlet. I should have set out this day for New- York, but am pretty sure the snow has hindered the march of the men
It has a sea-coast of three hundred erally thought. leagues at least, including the Bay of and an excellent fish-
some days, but am march by this time.
hopes they are generally on their
ery near every shore, which is an endless source of provision, It contains more land than Pennwealth, and seamen.
am, with respect, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, D. GlLLMAN.
and is capable (I boldly assert it, for I am acquainted with both countries) of supporting more inhabitants. This, however bold it may seem, I think I could demonstrate, were it necessary. I had almost forgot its navy-yard, which has cost Britain nearly a million of money, and would be an immensely valuable acquisition to this Continent. That harbour in our hands would be a sufficient protection to our
glad
lie
may
for
I
To
in
the honourable Council
and House of Representatives of
New-Hampshire. JAMES LYON TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Machias, December 2Gth, 1776.
HONOURABLE GENTLEMEN: Although obscure and unbeg leave, with filial respect and confidence, to the supreme power of North- America, to which I approach
known,
I
esteem it a peculiar honour and happiness to be subject, on a publick errand, the importance of which must be ascertained by your better judgment. Your Honours may easily recollect that Captain Jonathan Eddy, of Cumberland County, in Nova-Scotia, has twice waited upon Congress, requesting a small army to be Your Honours best employed subduing that Province. know what encouragement he received. The same gentleman asked the same favour of the Court of this State and, as he informed us, the Court were pleased to grant him a small quantity of provision and powder, and orders to raise as many men in this eastern part of the State as he should ;
fit. Accordingly, relying much upon the readiness of the inhabitants of Nova- Scotia to favour his bold enterprise,
see
he collected, this
if
formidable
I
mistake not, about thirty
army he embarked
order to subdue a Province.
men
;
and with
in boats at this
His army grew,
place in however, at
When he every settlement he passed through on his way. arrived at Sheapody he surprised and took a small party of who were posted there. When he reached Cumberland, the inhabitants joined him in general, and in a few days after, a sloop arrived with provisions, Sic., for the fort, which they bravely took possession of, after the enemy
the enemy,
had taken out a small proportion of the stores. With this sloop they also took the Chaplain of the fort, Mr. Eagleson, the Surgeon, Captain Barron, and near fifty men, which are sent to Boston.
our receiving this intelligence of their to send them all the assistance in our power, forty-nine of us immediately set out in boats, as a reinforcement, on the evening of the 9th instant. The
Upon
success, and being requested
boat arrived at Sheapody, under the command of Lieutenant David Prescott, and who surprised and took four of the enemy at the house of one Deck, who, together with first
Mrs. Deck, informed him that a man-of-war and two armed brigs and two transports, had arrived at Cumberland, the 26th ultimo and on the 29th the enemy sallied out of the fort, and drove our people entirely off. We lost one man, an inhabitant of Cumberland, and one Indian, a Mickmack. The loss on the other side unknown. That Captain Eddy and his party were on their march to this place, by way of That the enemy burnt Maugerville, on St. John's river. up almost all the stores our people had collected burnt many of the houses and barns of our friends, and driven men, women, and children, almost naked into the woods. That Colonel Gorham had issued a proclamation, inviting the inhabitants to come in, and promising protection to the persons and property of those who would lay down their arms, till the King's pleasure should be known; and that many had This unexpected news put a stop to actually complied. our uncomfortable voyage, and obliged us to return. And when we had returned as far as St. John's, we met with ;
nature has evidently designed
must add, that Province
is
it
as a place of strength.
much more
valuable than
is
I
gen-
Fundy,
sylvania,
But in the possession of Britain, or any other Power, our fishery, and, indeed, all our European commerce, would be in perpetual danger. Britain or France may have Newfoundland for what 1 care, till God enables us to rule the seas; but I fear that either of those Powers would be bad neighbours on the Continent. Halifax, I am sure, will be a bone of contention under any foreign jurisdiction. I strongly suspect that France, whose ambitious views your Honours are not ignorant of, intends to take immediate possession of her former dominions in America. This all the French gentlemen I have conversed with assert in so many words, and add, that Spain must have hers, else we shall fishery.
We
be too formidable. have, indeed, sufficient evidence to believe that neither of those Powers mean to quarrel with us at present, for our trade is an object most worthy of their attention. But if they take possession of the British dowhich we either cannot or will not conquer, how minions, can we complain with even a shadow of reason? A French
on pretence of springing a leak at sea, put into Halisummer on purpose to view its strength, which I fax have from a French gentleman who conversed with the pretended Captain of the ship, who was in reality the Captain of a frigate. Should both France and Spain assert what ship,
this
Your they call their right, I tremble for the consequences. Honours will doubtless duly consider these things, and act you think proper. It matters not, I well know, whether approve or disapprove of the measures of Congress, but it may not be amiss to say, that in my judgment, wisdom, moderation, genuine patriotism, and impregnable fortitude, form the amiable characteristicks of all the measures already pursued, and I will, I must, cordially acquiesce in all your as I
wise determinations.
I ardently wish, sent into
spectable armament may be
however, that a reNova-Scotia by the
middle of next March at farthest, and I could wish to go I should think an with them. army, guarded by two or three of our frigates, would proceed with most safety by way a sufficient number of cannon, be easily conveyed across the country to a hill directly opposite the navy-yard, and Halifax is nearly within My worthy friend, John Allen, point blank shot of both. Esquire, of Cumberland, in Nova-Scotia, who is probably present with Congress, can doubtless corroborate the chief I
of the &.C.,
Bay of Fundy, and
might
have wrote. I am, honourable gentlemen, very respectfully, your most humble, and dutiful servant and subject, j y
;
Captain Samuel Hodgcrs, who was with Captain Eddy, and he confirms the above account. I mention these things thus minutely, that the honourable Congress may know the exact state of that unhappy ProvIt is more than ince. probable that the wretched inhabitants will now be obliged to take up arms against us. Were permitted to give my opinion respecting Nova-Scotia, I should say that it ought immediately to be subdued by a 1
P. S.
1 blush to
send
my first thoughts to Congress in all and deformity, but time will not permit me to copy and correct them, and humbly beg to be excused. To the honourable and grand Congress of North-America.
their native rudeness
Williamsburgh, December 27, 1776.
Colonel
Carringtotij of the Artillery, just arrived from Hampton, brings us the agreeable intelligence of a most valuable cargo being gone up to Baltimore from Cape Francois, which comes in a brig that was sent out by Congress, and has on board eight hundred stands of arms, fifteen tons of gunpowder, a quantity of sulphur, and a very large assortment of blanketing and coarse cloths for the soldiery. A number of French passengers came in the vessel, one of
them an officer of rank. The Captain of her says, that the French show the utmost civility and give every encourage-
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1437
ment to the Americans, and have their trade
cruisers out to protect
also that a declaration of
;
ment expected from the French Court.
war was every mo-
And
that
gunpow-
&c.,
DECEMBER,
and have only time great esteem and respect,
to assure
tion,
humble
and almost every other kind of goods, were great plenty at the Cape, and to be bought on good
1776.
sir,
you that
I
servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
The moment
terms.
till
fully;
To
am, with
your most obedient and very
der, woolens, in
1438
I
can
steal
a
little
Pres'dt.
time, I will write
you
then you must excuse me.
Robert Morris, Esq.
GEORGE WELLS TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 27th, 1776.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
GENTLEMEN: that I have
I take this opportunity of informing you launched one of the row galleys, and that I
Please let push on the other as fast as possible. know how she is to be masted. As 1 am informed that there is some sheet-lead in town belonging to you, I'd be obliged to you to send
me
shall
this
me
an order for some, as I want it for scuppers and magazine. Please to send me per bearer, Mr. Barry, any further
commands you may have
me, which shall be punctually observed, by, gentlemen, your most obedient,
directions or
humble
for
The
enclosed
being of the utmost importance, will naturally claim your attention, without any particular recommendation or comment. They are evidently resolv.es,
calculated to retrieve the situation of our affairs, and I trust will have the desired effect.
have wrote to the Councils of Safety of Massachusetts-Bay and Pennsylvania, on the subject of erecting magI
azines in their respective States, for both arms and
ammu-
nition.
servant,
GEORGE WELLS. The
Baltimore, December 27th, 1776.
SIR:
hon'ble Council of Safety for the State of Maryland,
Annapolis.
Gentlemen, 'please to send me per bearer, Mr. John Barry, the sum of seven hundred pounds, on account of the row galleys, and also the amount of the accounts for repairing the old vessels belonging to you, which accounts he carries, and you'll oblige your humble servant,
GEORGE WELLS.
To
the hon'ble Council of Safety for the State of land.
Mary-
The
commissions necessary in pursuance of the enclosed be forwarded as soon as possible. I have only time to add, that I am, with the most perfect esteem and respect, sir, your most obedient and very humble serresolves, shall
JOHN HANCOCK,
Pres'dt.
His Excellency General Washington.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 27th, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: Your
JOHN HALL TO THE BOARD OF WAR. Annapolis, December 27th, 1776.
SIR
We are
greatly embarrassed by your request to part with Captain Martin's vessel. She was purchased by our agent in the West-Indies, and is now claimed by Captain Stone, who hath replaced her, and we have undertaken to If we part with her Congress must indemnify the Sheriff. take the risk off our hands. Should you want a fast-sailing vessel, there is a at :
brig
Baltimore, taken by the ship Defence, which we ordered our agent to buy for this State. That vessel you may have, if she will suit We are unwilling to part with Congress. Martin's vessel, she being now laden, and we expect her cargo of coarse woolens, &ic., now ready at Martinique or Eustatia. However, if the honourable Congress cannot
supply them else otherwise, we must let them have the brig and cargo, upon the terms they request, with this addition, that the State ought to be indemnified. We shall keep matters a day or two, in expectation of hearing from you again.
For and on behalf of the Council. have the honour
I
to be,
your most obedient servant, J.
To
favour by Captain Casdrop, I duly In consequence received, and communicated to Congress. of which they directed two hundred thousand dollars to be
advanced you, agreeably to your request, you to be accountable for the same, which sum is committed to the care of I wish it safe to hand, and that it Captain Casdrop. may answer valuable purposes. Being much engaged, can add, that I am, with
humble
Benjamin Harrison, Esq., President of the Board of War.
servant,
only esteem, gentlemen, your very T JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 27, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
The
great importance to the welfare of these United States of supporting the credit of the Continental currency, will suggest the propriety of the above re:
which I am commanded by Congress to transmit to you, and to request you will take measures for an immediate compliance therewith. I have wrote to the General to give you every necessary assistance in carrying your determinasolve,
tions 1
HALL.
the Hon'ble
much
on this subject into effectual execution. have the honour to be, gentlemen, your most obedient,
humble
servant,
T JOHN HANCOCK,
President.
Council of Safety of Pennsylvania.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO ROBERT MORRIS.
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO JOSEPH TRUMBULL.
Baltimore, December 27th, 1776.
SIR: The enclosed resolves, which I do myself the honour of forwarding, will inform you of the steps taken by Congress in the present critical state of our affairs. Your favour of the 23d instant came to hand, and was
The uneasiness you immediately laid before Congress. mention therein, with regard to your want of proper powers, is no doubt by this time removed, Congress having author-
Baltimore, December 27th, 1776.
SIR
After acknowledging the receipt of your favour of 13th instant, I am to inform you that some time since I :
transmitted a resolve, empowering you to import any quanIn tity of rice from Carolina you should think proper. addition
to that
resolve, the
Congress have come
to
the
in the business
enclosed, authorizing you (agreeably to your own plan) to import such quantities of flour and other provisions from the Southern States as you may judge necessary for the support of
You
the
ized the
Mr.
Committee
in Philadelphia to adopt such measures of the Continent as they shall judge proper. will, therefore, in conjunction with Mr. Clymer and Walton, -act not only in Marine matters, but in all
others, as
you
shall think
necessary and most conducive to
the publick good.
wrote you some time ago, per express, informing you that Congress had appointed a Committee in Philadelphia, to conduct all publick business, and at the same time en.
I
closed you their resolves. To them, therefore, as well as to those herewith transmitted, I beg leave to refer atten-
your
Army.
The
Delegates of Virginia
will write
immedi-
ately to the Governour and Council of that State to contract for the delivery of ten thousand barrels of flour, to your order, for which purpose you will please to sen4 vessels to Your drafts on me for payment thereof shall take them in. be duly honoured. I
am,
sir,
your most obedient and very humble servant,
JOHN HANCOCK,
To
President.
Joseph Trumbull, Esq., Commissary-General.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1439
December 27, 1776,
ten o'clock, a.
DECEMBER,
1440
1776.
you must render an account of the expenditure of it on the behalf of the Committee of Congress left in this city to
ROBERT MORRIS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Philadelphia,
Sic.,
m.
SIR Captain Peters informs me he has just seen a letter from Colonel Cadwalader, wrote late last night, to the Council of Safety, wherein he says he lias no account from General Washington ; but from private information that he can The depend on, our victory at Trenton has heen complete. That considerable. are and wounded, killed, very prisoners, we have taken sixteen pieces of their cannon. A wagon load of Hessian arms, with some Hessians, were sent over the Colonel Cadwalader was to cross over from Bristol ferry. General this morning, before day, with his whole force. Putnam is now sending him a reinforcement of 6fteen hundred men, and the gondolas, under command of General
transact Continental business.
:
Mifflin,
We
who
is
returned from a successful excursion.
change the face of affairs, and I hope soon see you back here. I am, respectfully, yours, fac., ROBT MoRRIS shall
P. S. Captain Peters go via Lancaster.
To
the
soon follow
will
this,
to
but he must
Hon. John Hancock, Esq., President of Congress.
COMMITTEE FOR TRANSACTING CONTINENTAL BUSINESS TO THOMAS SMITH. Philadelphia,
December 27th, 1776.
SIR The Congress have thought proper to appoint us a Committee to transact all Continental business in this city that may be necessary and proper; and they have empowered us to draw on the Loan Office for such sums of money as may be wanted, little suspecting there was no such office :
For our
or officer to be found in Philadelphia.
have been impatiently waiting your
return,
parts,
we
and are sorry
to
Had say the publick service has suffered by your absence. we been possessed of the notes, we could have borrowed considerable sums, which may probably be otherwise disexpect your immediate attendposed of by this time.
We
ance, and are,
sir,
your humble servants,
ROBT. 'MORRIS, GEO. CLYMER, GEO. WALTON.
Thomas Smith, Esq., Lancaster.
ROBERT MORRIS TO BENJAMIN HOGELAND. December
27th, 1776.
SIR Colonel Farming's battalion of Virginians are on their march for this place, and a detachment thereof, if not :
the whole regiment, may now be expected at the Head of Elk, either commanded by Colonel Fanning or by Colonel James James ; therefore, soon as you receive this, send the letter herewith to the Head of Elk, and if they send a proper officer with an order, pay him, or either of them, two thousand dollars, take a receipt for it as received from you by my order, for the use of that battalion, and send the receipt to me, or keep humble servant,
it
until
further orders from,
sir,
your
R. MORRIS.
I
am,
your very obedient servant,
sir,
ROBT. MORRIS.
To
Colonel Fleming, of the Ninth Virginia Regiment, or
the
Commanding
Officer.
CAPTAIN NICHOLSON TO SAMUEL PURVIANCE, JUN. Philadelphia,
DEAR
SIR:
An
December
27th,
hour's detainment of the tide gives
The enemy was surprised, and collected confusedly. After a short resistance, they grounded their arms, and surrendered to the amount of seven hundred and fifty (Hessians town.
wounded, and we two Captain Washington among the last, who commanded the advanced parly, but Had the weather proved favourable, and the not mortally. other three divisions got over, there would, 1 have no doubt, Their the whole of them shared the same fate with those. Light-Horse scampered away on the first alarm, and all those on the outskirts of the town made their escape, about There are one Colonel, two Maas many as were taken. four Captains, seven Lieutenants, and eight Ensigns, jors, prisoners; with six field-pieces, two standards, and one thousand stand of arms, twenty drums; one Colonel wounded, and left on his parole in Trenton, our people having returned on this side again. We should have whipped them in the same manner at Bordentown, could our men under Colonel Cadwalader have crossed ; but the weather and ice made solely). They lost thirty killed and killed and three or four wounded;
it
impossible.
This
affair
has given such amazing
spirit to
our people,
you might do any thing or go any where with them. We have vast numbers of fine Militia coming in momently, but none from our Province. I believe an attack is intended to-morrow upon the Hessian main body at Bordentown, in which I intend serving with my people as Artillerymen, and are embarked for that Immediately it is over, purpose on board the galleys. (please God,) I intend down, and am doubtful if I can bring an anchor with me. But more of this hereafter. I am not pleased about it. I am yours, most sincerely, JAMES NICHOLSON. that
To
Samuel Purviance, Jun., Esq., Baltimore.
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, December 27th, 1776.
We
have the pleasure to transmit you two letters, received this morning from Brigadier-General John Cadwalader, containing an account of an action between part of our Army, under the command of his Excellency GenSIR:
eral
Washington, and part of the British Army. Other confirm the loss of the enemy, in killed and wounded
prisoners, to be very considerable. are sending off reinforcements of Militia, in
We ROBERT MORRIS TO COLONEL FLEMING. just received
of the 27th inSecretary of the Board of War, and are glad to find your regiment on their march this way. But we cannot conceive it necessary to send tents or arms to the Head of Elk, as the troops can quarter in houses on their
your
letter
stant, to the
inarch, or may come by water from Christiana Bridge. are not necessary, as there is no enemy in the way.
Arms
Blankets, shoes and stockings, we will provide, if possible under our present circumstances. General Washington has struck an unexpected stroke at Trenton, where he now reigns master. hope to drive
We
enemy out of New- Jersey ; and come in for a share of the glory. the
Mr. Benjamin Hogeland, ply you with two thousand send a proper
The amount
officer to
will
if
you hasten up, you'll
at Christiana
hopes
followed up. The great advantage which will arise to our cause must be apparent. Our Militia were turning out by degrees, but this will give this
December 27th, 1776.
have
an
opportunity of writing the particulars of yesterday's action General Washington, with about four thousand at Trenton. men, crossed on the Christmas night, and surrounded the
and
We
me
'
letters
Mr. Benjamin Hogeland.
SIR:
K76.
very important blow
may be
and we are in hopes our worthy remain without proper succours. It may afford Congress some satisfaction to be informed that this Council has maintained their authority in the fullest extent, notwithstanding the near approach of the enemy, and the confidence which the Tories and disaffected derived It is from that cause. necessary to inform you that we found ourselves frequently embarrassed with business rela-
them a new stimulus General
;
will not
that properly lay in the War Office Debut now understand, with much pleasure, that partment; your honourable body has empowered some of their memtive to the
Army,
bers to transact that business here. will
Bridge, supwhich you'll please to receive, and give a receipt for it. dollars,
be charged to your account; therefore
By
order of Council.
I
have the honour to be,
sir,
your
most obedient servant,
THOS. WHARTON,
To
the
Hon. John Hancock, Esq.
Jun., President.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1441
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO THE PRESIDENT OF In Council of Safety, Philadelphia,
DECEMBER,
1442
1776.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM AN OFFICER OF DISTINCTION AT NEWTOWN, BUCKS COUNTY.
CONGRESS. December 27th, 1776.
Baltimore, January
The
enclosed letter we meant to send by express this morning, but was informed by Robert Morris, Esq., that he had despatched a messenger with an account of the successful expedition of our troops to Trenton. thought
SIR:
fcc.,
1,
1777.
Yesterday Congress received the following intelligence from the: Council of Safety, as come from "an officer of distinction in the Army," dated New-Town, Bucks County, December 27, 1776: It was determined some days ago that our Army should
We
proper to delay a few hours for a more particular account. have since met with a private trusty hand, and take the freedom to enclose you a copy of a letter this minute received from an officer of distinction in the Army, giving a
We
pass over to Jersey, in three different places, and attack the
enemy. Accordingly about two thousand and twenty brass field-pieces, with his
the British light-horse are taken the riders, thinking their situation rather dangerous, took to their heels and Besides the arms mentioned in the enclosed letescaped.
five hundred men, Excellency General Washington at their head, and Major-General Sullivan and Greene in command of two divisions, passed over on the night of Christmas, and about three o'clock, a. m., were on their march by two routes towards Trenton. The night was sleety, and the roads so slippery that it was daybreak when we were two miles from Trenton. But the
have fallen into our hands, we have taken about two hundred stand in General Dickinson's house at Trenton. By order of Council. I have the honour to be, respectfully, sir, your most obedient servant,
were not apprised of our design, and our advanced party were on their guards at half a mile from the town, when General Sullivan's and General Greene's divisions soon came into the same road. Their guard gave our advanced
more
particular account of that action than
any we have
yet received; which we congratulate the honourable Conhave it also from good authority that gress thereon.
We
many of
;
happily
ter to
THOS. WHARTON, Jun., President.
To
party several smart
fires as
we
drove them, but
we
enemy
soon got
the attempt at Dimker's Ferry, but found it impracticable to returned this morning to Bristol
two field-pieces at play, and several others in a short time; and one of our Colonels pushing down on the right, while the others advanced on the left, into the town. The enemy, consisting of about fifteen hundred Hessians, under Colonel Rohl, formed and made some smart fires from the musketry and six field-pieces, but our people pressed from every quarter and drove them from their cannon. They retreated
about
towards a
the Hon. John Hancock, Esq.
[No.
Bristol, 26th
1.]
GENTLEMEN: There was
The
last night.
river
December, 1776.
made
a general attack to be
was impassable
here,
and we made
We
get over our cannon.
field, behind a piece of wood, up the creek from Trenton, and formed in two bodies, which I expected would have brought on a smart engagement from the troops, who had formed very near them but at that instant, as I came in full view of them, from the back of the wood, with his Excellency General Washington, an officer informed him that
four.
moment have an account by Mr. McLane,
I this
a
man
of veracity, that he was at Trenton Ferry this morning, and heard a very heavy firing on the river and Penny-Town roads, that leads to Trenton. The heavy firing lasted about
;
an hour, and continued
to moderate lor three quarters of an Light-Horse and Hessians were seen flying in great confusion towards Bordentown, but without cannon or wagons, so that the enemy must have lost the whole. party of our men intercepted about a dozen Hessians in sight of our people, on this side, and brought them to the I have ordered the boats from ferry and huzzaed. Dunks's, and shall pass as soon as possible. We can mnster here about eighteen hundred men, if the expedition last night in the storm does not thin our ranks. Has General Putnam crossed, and with what numbers? Pray let me know.
The
hour.
the party had grounded their arms and surrendered prisoners. The others soon followed their example, a which
except part the hazy weather towards Princeton, and a party of their Light-Horse, which made off on our first appearance.- Too much praise cannot be given to the officers
A
had got off
of every regiment. By their active and spirited behaviour, they soon put an honourable issue to this glorious day. I was immediately sent off with the prisoners to McKonkey's Ferry, and have got about seven hundred and fifty safe in town, and a few miles from here, on this side the ferry, viz: one Lieutenant-Colonel, two Majors, four Captains, seven Lieutenants, and eight Ensigns. We left Colonel Rohl, the commandant, wounded, on his parole, and several other officers and wounded men at Trenton. We lost but two of our men that I can .hear of, a few wounded, and one brave officer, Captain Washington, who assisted in
Every thing of this kind gives confidence to the troops. I have no doubt of the report. A heavy firing was heard at An attempt was made to pass at, or a little this place. below, Trenton Ferry, but could not get over. That would have made the victory still more complete.. I received the three boats about
have
still
one o'clock
detained the two most valuable
at night; I
mean
in
but
their artillery, shot in
those
securing Indeed, every officer was a most fortunate day
both hands.
that carried
down the twelve-pounders. They were ferry If the wind blows we cannot boats belonging to Dunks's.
and private behaved well; and it to our arms, which I the more rejoice
transport our cannon. 1 am, gentlemen, with great respect, your most obedient servant >
part in
Bristol, 26th
2.]
GENTLEMEN
and add fresh courage to our new Army, which, formed, will be sufficient to secure us from the depredations or insults of our enemy.
when
forms
me
General Swing's division could not pass at Trenton for the ice, which also impeded General Cadwalader passing over with all his cannon and the Militia, though of his
December, 1776.
I wrote this morning to General WashingGeneral Irving, at Trenton Ferry, who inthat he cannot yet ascertain the particulars of this
ton, directed
:
part the whole could have passed, we should have swept the coast to Philadelphia. took three standards, six fine brass cannon, and about one thousand stands of arms.
to
troops were over
We
very considerable. have got our boats up from Dunks's, and shall embark in the morning, before day. are greatly at a loss for the boats you promised to send up to transport our canI ordered the three horse-boats that arrived last non. night is
We
Pray
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM AN OFFICER IN THE AMERICAN ARMY, DATED NEWTOWN, (iN PENNSYLVANIA,) DECEMBER 27, 1776.
JOHN CADWALADER. let
the gundolas
make
the attempt, and return if
impracticable to get up. To the honourable the Council of Safety, Philadelphia.
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
if
Lieutenant-Colonels, three Majors, four Captains, eight Lieutenants, twelve Ensigns, two Surgeon-Mates, ninetynine Sergeants, twenty-five Drummers, nine Musicians, twenty-five servants, and seven hundred and forty privates.
(which were very useful) to remain till further orders; but If the gundolas were to come they went off last night. up again, they would be of great use. I am, gentlemen, your most obedient and very humble >
and
Published by order of Council of Safety. G. BICKHAM, Secretary pro tern. received this mwaiing, the folan authentick account By lowing is a list of prisoners taken, viz: OneA^olonel, two
We
servant
;
We
One wagon, loaded with arms, was morning's action. down to the brought ferry, (Hessian arms,) and safe landed have taken fourteen on this shore, and six Hessians. or sixteen pieces of cannon, a considerable quantity of stores and clothing. The number of killed, wounded, and prisoners,
at, having an active success of this day will greatly animate our
The
friends,
JOHN CADWALADEH.
[No.
it.
91
I have the By Colonel pleasure of giving you an account of an advantageous victory obtained over the Hessians yesterday. To give you a just idea of the affair, it
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1443
;
mas night we marched down to the river will) upwards of two thousand men and twelve pieces of artillery, at McConkey'i Ferry, Delaware river, and at half after three o'clock began our march to Trenton. A colder or severer
gan the attack
manded
in
in
divisions; his Excellency comin about three quarters of an hour
several
person, and
The
on our part was
and have been We intended the attack should wounded. eight before daylight, hut the fatigue of marching and trouble of crossing the Delaware, detained us, which perhaps was fortunate, for we were told the enemy had been out at reveille but beating, their wagons loaded, and ready for a retreat the extremity of the weather made them conclude we were not coming, (as they had information,) and so all turned in, and thought themselves quite secure. We began the attack with artillery and musketry and too much praise cannot be given to our brave troops; his Excellency was pleased at their undaunted courage ; not a soul was found cowardly Colonel skulking, but was fierce for the battle. was to have crossed opposite Bristol, and formed injunction with us. Had this been the case, we should have made they surrendered.
killed
four,
;
;
We took of the enemy, prisoners of about tsvo thousand. one Colonel, two Lieutenant-Colonels, three Majors, four Captains, eight Lieutenants, twelve Ensigns, one JudgeAdvocate, two Surgeons' Mates, ninety-two Sergeants, twenty Drummers, nine Musicians, twenty-five officers' servants, seven hundred and forty rank and file ; forty, or thereabouts, killed, about eighty
wounded
;
six brass field-pieces,
two of which were twelve-pounders, twelve brass-barrel drums, two kettle-drums, trumpets, clarionets, hautboys, &LC., &c., &tc.; four standards, twelve or thirteen hundred fine muskets, four wagons of baggage, two ditto loaded with
We
Grenadiers' caps, swords, &tc.; lorty fine horses. stove about forty hogsheads of rum we could not off. carry The weather was so amazingly severe, our arms so wet, and men so fatigued, it was judged prudent to come immediFurther accounts ately off with our prisoners and plunder. you shall have as soon as I get leisure. 1 could sincerely wish the printers would publish the
American with
Crisis.
and
it,
It's
well calculated, as it carries the truth be of service at this time.
will doubtless
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO ROBERT MORRIS. Camp at Newton, December 27,
DEAR
SIR:
I
this
1776.
minute received the honour of your and you may be assured that I shall
favour of the 26th ; with great pleasure transmit
all my despatches to Congress The enclosed to them through your hands, and unsealed. will give you a full account of the attack on Trenton, and to which I I beg leave to refer you. regret much that the ice prevented Colonel Cadwalader from Could passing. he have got over with his troops, I am persuaded we should have been crowned with much success. The same cause hindered General With his aid, to have
Ewing.
seized
the
from Trenton, not a Hessian would have escaped from thence. The situation of our troops, and the apprehension that the means of obtaining succour would become more difficult, made it necessary that bridge
leading
we
should return, in the opinion of the General Officers, with the prisoner^ve had taken. I am, in haste, with great esteem, dear sir, your most obedient servant,
bo. WASHINGTON.
To
Robert Morris, Esq.
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. [Rend
31st.]
Head-Quarters, Newtown, 27th December, 1776.
1444
evening of the 25th I ordered the troops intended to parade back of McKonkey's Ferry, that they might begin to pass as soon as it grew dark, imagining sve should be able to throw them all over, with the necessary artillery, by twelve o'clock, and that we might easily arrive at Trenton by five in the morning, the distance being about nine miles. But the quantity ol ice, made that night,
impeded the passage of the boats so much, that it was three o'clock before the artillery could all be got over, and near four before the troops took up their line of march. This
made me
despair of surprising the town, as I well it before the day was fairly broke.
knew we But
could not reach I
was
certain there
discovered and
was no making a
retreat without
on repassing the
harassed
river,
as
being deter-
1
mined to push on at all events. I formed my detachment into two divisions, one to march by the lower or river road, the other by the upper or Pennington road. As the divisions had nearly the same distance to march, I ordered each of them, immediately upon forcing the out-guards, to push directly into the town, that they might charge the enemy before they had time to form. The upper division arrived at the enemy's advanced post exactly at eight o'clock; and in three minutes after I found, from the fire on the lower road, that 'that division had also got up.
The
for their
out-guards
made
but small opposition, though,
numbers, they behaved very well, keeping up a
constant retreating
fire
from behind houses.
We
presently
saw their main body formed but from their motions they seemed undetermined how to act. Being hard pressed by ;
who had already got possession of part of their they attempted to file off by a road on their right,
our troops, artillery,
leading to Princelown; but, perceiving their intention, 1 threw a body of troops in their way, which immediately checked them. Finding from our disposition that they were surrounded, and that they must inevitably be cut to if they made any farther resistance, they agreed to The down their arms. number that submitted in this lay manner was twenty-three officers and eight hundred and
pieces
men.
Colonel Rail, the commanding officer, were found wounded in the town. I don't exactly know how many they had killed, but I Aincy not above twenty or thirty, as they never made any regular eighty-six
and seven
others,
Our loss is very trifling indeed, only two officers and one or two privates wounded. I find that the detachment of the enemy consisted of the three Hessian regiments of Lanspatch, Kniphausen, and Rohl, amounting to about fifteen hundred men, and a troop stand.
of British Light-Horse; but, immediately upon the beginning of the attack, all those who were not killed or taken, pushed directly down the road towards Bordcntown. These
would likewise have fallen into our hands, could my plan have been completely carried into execution. General Ewing was to have crossed before day at Trenton Ferry, and taken possession of the bridge leading out of town but the quantity of ice was so great, that though he did every thing in his power to effect it, he could not get over. This difficulty also hindered General Cadwalader from crossing ;
with the Pennsylvania Militia from Bristol. He got part of his foot over; but finding it impossible to embark his I am artillery, he was obliged to desist. fully confident, that could the troops under Generals Ewing and Cadwalader have passed the river, 1 should have been able, with their assistance, to have driven the enemy from all their
But the numbers I had with me posts below Trenton. being inferiour to theirs below me, and a strong battalion of Light-Infantry being at Princctown above me, I thought it most prudent to return the same evening with the prisoners and the artillery we had taken. We found no stores of any consequence in the town. In justice to the officers and men, I must add, that their
behaviour upon this occasion reflects the highest honour upon them. The difficulty of passing the river in a very severe night, and their march through a violent storm of snow and hail, did not in the least abate their ardour; but, when they came to the charge, each seemed to vie with the other in pressing forward and were 1 to give a preference to any particular corps, I should do great injustice to the ;
SIR: I have the pleasure of congratulating you upon the success of an enterprise which I had formed against a de tachiuent of the enemy lying in Trenton, and which was
others.
executed
made acquainted
yesterday morning.
1776.
for this service
Excellency to attack the Hessian Army at Trenton; for which purpose every thing was in readiness, and on Christ-
I never felt; rain and hail, with But high winds. no difficulties were too much for our worthy commander to surmount at this important crisis. At eight o'clock we be-
DECEMBER,
The
will be necessary to give you some intelligence of the original plan of die attack. Something was necessary to check the progress of the enemy it was therefore resolved by his
season
Sic.,
Colonel Baylor, honour of delivering
my
with
Aid-de-Camp, will have the you; and from him you may be
first
this to
many
other particulars.
His spirited
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1445
behaviour upon every occasion requires me to recommend him to your particular notice. I have the honour to be, with great respect, sir, your most obedient servant, ,, T /-,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Enclosed you have a particular tillery, and other stores.
Return of
list
TRENTON, the 26th Deunder the command of his
the Prisoners taken at
cember, 1776, by the
Excellency General
Army
of the prisoners, ar-
WASHINGTON.
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1446
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1447
execution, there is little doubt but the whole of the Hessians along the Delaware xvould have been done for.
The
conduct of the whole that went over, which, computation, did not exceed twenty-two You must remember what a morning hundred, was great. yesterday was, for men clad as ours are to march nine miles to attack an enemy provided with every necessary, and elated with a succession of advantages over our handful of spirited
from the
best
late
STEPHEN MOYLAN.
truly yours,
To
Robert Morris, Esq.,
Member
of Congress,
at
Phila-
delphia.
Burlington, 27th December, 1776, ten o'clock.
SIR: As
you this morning, and being concluded you were still on this side, and therefore embarked and landed about fifteen After a conhundred men. about two miles above Bristol. siderable number were landed, I had information from the Paymaster of Colonel Hitchcock' brigade, that you had This defeated the scheme of crossed over from Trenton. much embarrassed which were joining your Army. way to proceed. I thought it most prudent to retreat, but Colonel Reed was of opinion that we might safely proceed to Burlington, and recommended it warmly, lest it should have a bad effect on the Militia, who were twice disapThe landing in open daylight must have alarmed pointed. the enemy, and we might have been cut off by all their had intelligence, immeforce collected to this place. diately afterward, that the enemy had left the Black Horse and Mount Holly. Upon this we determined to proceed Colonel Reed, and two other officers, went to Burlington. on from one post to another till they came to Bordenton, where they found the coast clear. Colonel Reed and Colonel Coxe are now there; and we shall march at four, to-morrow morning, for that place. This information has induced me to proceed, though not quite conformable to your orders which I received on the march this afternoon. If you should think proper to cross over, it may be easily to
did not hear from
I
embark,
1
We
We
a pursuit would effected at the place where we passed keep up the panick. TFffey went off with great precipita1 am told tion, and pressed all the wagons in their reach. many of them are gone to South-Amboy. If we can drive them from West-Jersey, the success will raise an army by next spring, and establish the credit of the Continental ;
to support
it.
I shall write
you to-morrow,
I
hope
from Trenton. I
am,
sir,
your most obedient, very humble servant,
have eight six-pounders,
brass,
and two three-pounders,
iron.
Head-Quarters, Newtown, 27th December, 1776,
) \
DEAR SIR: I am commanded by his Excellency to inform you, that since he wrote you this morning, giving you an account of his return from Jersey, he had heard that you had passed over this day. By not having this from your own hand, he presumes you imagined he continued yesterday in Jersey, after his success at Trenton. Upon a supthat you are over, he has ordered General Miflin, position who is coming up with fifteen hundred men from PhiladelThe General will phia, to pass the river and join you. cross the day after to-morrow with the Continental battalion. He would do it sooner, but the men have undergone so much want rest. He therefore desires that you would keep your ground, and not attempt any thing, (without
fatigue that they
forces, put
likewise pass over with
be very hard
if
we
cannot,
Count Donnop to the rout. T. TILGHMAN.
the time of the General's intent to pass a
Keep
secret.
To
Colonel John Cadwalader, Pennsylvania Militia.
COLONEL BURD TO WILLIAM ATLEE. Tinian, 27th December, 1776.
DEAR
send you herewith the present state of my I mean battalion, as I have related to General Mif/lin, that you should read my letter to the General, and then seal and deliver it. I have informed the officers in the battalion that I shall attend at any time and place of rendezvous to supply any company or detachment, that intend to march, with money, and render every other acceptable SIR:
I
service in
my
signed the
command
power.
You will observe that I have reof the battalion, and the Major did
present, to send
any orders that may be necessary
to the
Major. 1
am, with much esteem,
sir,
your obedient, humble
vant >
ser-
JAMES BURD.
Mr. Shippen peruse my letter to the General before you deliver it, and this to you, if you think proUt supra, J. B. per. Please to
let
William Atlee, Esq.
COLONEL BDRD TO GENERAL MIFFLIN. Tinian, 27th December, 1776.
SIR:
had the honour
be favoured with your orders night, dated 23d current, previous to which 1 had re-
last
I
to
command of the battalion. But this morning, by Captain Croutch, have forwarded your orders to Major Cornelius Cox, who at present commands the battalion, Lieutenant-Colonel Murray being taken prisoner at Fort Washington. I think it my duty to give you my reason
signed the
and the more especially at this time of pubIf I had had an opportunity of a personal danger. conference, I think I would have convinced you that 1 not only had reason for this step, but a necessity for so doing. for resignation,
lick
would inform you that the battalion is very long, between and fifty miles in length, and broad withal; that it requires time to communicate any orders, and inconvenient to get the whole battalion together, especially at this season I
forty
of the year.
However, in consequence of the orders you gave out orders for the whole battalion to meet in three districts, on Monday, the 9th instant, the middle of which I attended myself; and further, directions for all the officers of the battalion to meet me at Garbert Mill, on
refer to, I
Tuesday, the 10th iustant, to make report of their proceedAccordingly on Tuesday they all did meet me, and the report was that few volunteers were to be found; upon which I gave orders in writing, and sent them to every company in the battalion, that the whole battalion should rendezvous at Middlelown, on Monday, the 16th current, in order to march by divisions to join General Washington;
and those that were not provided with arms, &LC., 1 promised to have them provided at Philadelphia; that money
COLONEL TILGHMAN TO COLONEL CADWALADER. ten at night.
will
will
tc.,
yours,
P. S.
it
ings.
JOHN CADWALADER. I
am
Ewing
I think
by a junction of our
I
'
money
and
How that say at Middletown that he would also resign. may be, I cannot say; but think it may be proper, for the
COLONEL CADWALADER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
prepared
General
victory.
his brigade,
before they were accustomed to see retreating them. What a change in the scene! About fifty LightHorse, and between six and seven hundred, pushed off before our men could be posted; the remainder submitted with their arms in their hands.
Colonel Baylor can inform you of more particulars, if he He goes to Congress with stays long enough with you. the good news. Gates promised to send me the plan for When he does, shall trouble you the battalion of Horse. with it. Adieu, my dear friend ; believe me, I am most
1448
1776.
you see a certainty of success,) till he passes the river, because a miscarriage would defeat all the good effects of our
whom
men,
DECEMBER,
fee.,
nor nothing should be wanting. I attended, ready to march with the battalion, from Monday, the 16th, to Sunday night, the 22d instant, and not one man turned out but eighteen, seven of whom were officers,
myself included, except a small company of volunteers,
commanded by Captain Elder, cluded,
eighteen, against
my
of thirty-three, officers input it to the vote of the I should not march with them: it was carried I should not. On Saturday morning I was on
whom if
me
I
marched
off.
I
The officers journey to go to Lancaster to see you. I should not proceed, but remain to endeavour to
advised
get the battalion to march ; this they thought more advisable for the good of the service. Lest I should stand in the
thought proper to resign, offering at the same time personal attendance, and to render any service accept-
way,
my
I
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1449
able upon notice being given me of such being wanting. You will no doubt expect I should give some reasons for
such conduct
I cannot sugthe reasons: be that may marched to camp, one of which, viz: Captain James Murray s, still remains there; that Captain Smith has taken two companies from the batin
the battalion at this time.
gest any, unless the following three companies have already
1
&c.,
DECEMBER,
the Province of New- York ; and as various have circulated, and are still circulating, to the prejudice of your petitioner, viz your petitioner making application of publick stores, received from Colonel Tupper for the use of the sick under my care, and sundry other accusations, which would only create a multiplicity of words
Orange-Town,
reports
:
not worthy of troubling your Honour with; therefore, as your petitioner is thus prejudiced to his dishonour, he would
and Captain John Murray one, which renders the battalion so weak that they have not more, or very few
esteem
men
Inquiry, as quick as
talion,
than are sufficient to attend their cattle, &tc., I have commanded the prejudice against myself.
more,
left
it
a favour your
hearing; and your
Honour would order a Court of
be, that he may have a publick in duty bound, shall ever petitioner, as
may
battalion ever since our troubles
began, with pleasure to seemingly for any thing I know to the contrary, and have been able to comply with all orders heretofore given me, which was not the case in the last instance to which your orders alludes. And from what I have already said, I make no doubt I will stand unimpeached in your judgment, and of all those of my superiour
myself and
officers;
ELEAZER HAMLEN.
to the battalion
judging
that I
have done every thing
in
my
power. After making an apology for troubling you with this long scrawl, I beg leave to subscribe myself, sir, your most obedient humble servant,
JAMES BURD.
The Honourable
Brigadier-General
Thomas
Mifflin, Esq.
1450
1776.
Peeks
Kill, 27th
December, 1776.
GENERAL GEORGE CLINTON TO NEW-YORK CONVENTION. Ramapough, December 27th, 1776. SIR: Since I wrote you yesterday, Colonel Hay has been with rne, and has taken proper measures for supplying the troops under my command in this quarter with provisions. And I doubt not but it will be regularly done in future. He tells me that he never had the least intimation from Convention that such a body of men were ordered to this quarter, and had not made any provision for them, and that he never received my last letter which I believe to be true. ;
COLONEL DE HART TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
In a former
Morris-Town, December 27th, 1776.
SIR: In consequence of your Excellency's orders and by General Maxwell, 1 have this day begun the recruiting service of the First Jersey Regiment, and shall expedite it with all possible speed. Had I been determined to remain longer in the Jersey service, 1 should long before have done it, and nothing but your Excellency's request, and this critical period of time, should have induced me to have done it now.
request,
I find it necessary that the old troops of this regiment should be paid off their arrears. Many of them demand a settlement before they will reinlist. I am now collecting
the pay-rolls of the Captains, who are much scattered in different parts of this Province and Pennsylvania, and shall, as soon as possible, make a settlement of the regimental accounts. Recruiting money is likewise necessary, as the officers
cannot do without
it.
If
your Excellency should
think proper to give your order for five thousand or six thousand dollars on the Paymaster for that purpose. Lieutenant Morrison will be the bearer thereof to me. Many of our officers, for the want of any fixed place of Head-Quarters for the regiment, are at this time not I easy to be found. believe great part of them are at your camp. Lieutenant Morrison will take your Excellency's directions in what
way if
to collect
them.
I
have ordered them
all to this
place,
not countermanded by your Excellency.
The enemy have about five hundred or six hundred Highlanders at Newark, and about as many Waldeckers at Elizabeth-Town. They have svithdrawn their outposts from Boundbrook and that way, into Brunswick. They have as yet made no attempts on this place, although we find it's the daily conversation of their Army. Our three months' recruiting service goes on well, and I am this day informed that the three regiments of Greaton's,
Bond's, and Porter's, here, have mostly agreed to stay till the 15th January. A party of Militia, of about three hundred men, are at Pluckamin, and we have about the same number here. The spirit of our people begins much to revive. I have the greatest confidence that, with care and attention, we shall be able to maintain this part of the Province. I am, sir, your most obedient, humble servant,
WM. DE HART, Major of the
To his
at
Delaware, River.
Honourable WILLIAM HEATH, Esq., Major-General in the service of the UNITED STATES:
Honoured
sir, the Petition
men-
and protect the well-disposed inhabitants.
the river,
side
For though we have had frequent reports of large bodies of the enemy coming this way by different routes, and confirmed by -letters from pretended friends in the city, and common reports and other circumstances among the Tories, I am convinced it was no more than an artful contrivance to retard the recruiting service, and unnecessarily harass the country by drawing out the Militia ; and this you will find
be the case with the dreaded expedition on your side the
to
river.
I
am,
sir,
your most obedient servant,
GEO. CLINTON.
To Abraham Ten
Broeck, Esq., President of the honourable the Convention of the State of New- York, at Fishkill.
MAJOR MOFFAT TO JOHN M KESSON. (
Peekskill, 27th December, 177B.
SIR Enclosed is a list of the officers in Colonel NicoWs for the service regiment, who have not received commissions General Clinton has been several times of this campaign. but they never came to the regiment applied to for them, What the matter has been, I cannot tell, but I supyet. By order of Colopose it slipped the General's memory. nel Nicoll, before he left this post, I have sent Adjutant :
Howell for them, on account that the regiment will be disbanded in a few days. And the officers think that they have been treated with neglect, that they have not received commissions before. will be good enough to lay the matter before Convention, if necessary, and dismiss the bearer as soon as postheir
You
sible.
No
news
at present.
am, with respect, humble servant, I
To
truly
m your most obedient and very
THOMAS MOFFAT, Major.
John McKesson, .Esq., Secretary
the State of
New- York,
to the
Convention of
at Fishkill.
First Jersey Regiment.
Excellency General Washington,
PETITION FROM CAPTAIN HAMLEN. the
I
vinced, unless this is done, their minds will be much soured and the cause thereby greatly injured. And I flatter myself that number will be sufficient to guard the passes on this
A List of Officers belonging that
To
honourable Convention,
letter to the
tioned the propriety of dismissing part of the Militia, retaining I am cononly in the service about one thousand of them.
of your Petitioner humbly
sheweth : That your petitioner, by order of General Nixon, took the in charge of a number of sick belonging to his brigade,
to
Colonel NICOLL'S Regiment
want Commissions.
Wood; has been Adjutant. Jacob Dunning, First Lieutenant; has been Second Lieu-
Captain, John tenant.
Israel Wells,
Second Lieutenant.
Under Captain John Little, who is already commissioned: Samuel Cole, Second Lieutenant, has been commissioned below
his present rank.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1451 Captain, Joshua
Brown; has been First Lieutenant. Henry Breivstcr, Jun., First Lieutenant. Under Captain William, Blain, who is already commis-
sioned
:
Thomas
S~ars, First Lieutenant; has been Second Lieu-
tenant.
David Rogers, Second do.; has been Ensign. Captain, James Smith; has been First Lieutenant. Barnct Marlin, Second Lieutenant. Under Captain Samuel Raymond, who missioned
is
First
Lieutenant;
Second
Lieutenant. In the company that was raised, and some time commanded by Captain John Wisner: Obadiah Gore, Second Lieutenant.
Stephen Howcll, Adjutant
;
:
The
General received your favour of yesterday, and to you the. names of the prisoners your letter: Captain Phineas Ford, Ephraim
his desire I transmit
alluded to
in
Tripp, a Sergeant, Ephraim Hathaway, a Sergeant, James Gray, a Corporal, and Peter Sears, a Corporal. The four last have not been examined, but accused by their Captains. The travelling being so bad, the General thinks not to send the prisoners on till to-morrow, when he shall send them to your care to forward them. I am, sir, with respect, your humble servant, JONA. POLLARD, A. D. C.
To
the Hon'ble
Ab'm Ten Broeck, President of New- York.
the
Con-
vention for the State of
RECOMMENDATION OF LIEUTENANT LAWRENCE. New-Windsor, December
my power
your Paymaster to issue a sum one regiment, and deliver the same to Colonel Swift or Lieutenant-Colonel Starr, one of which will wait on you for that purpose. They are faithful and valuable officers, and will exert themselves to promote the raising a regiment, which will probably be ordered to join I have no doubt but your department. you will give him all the despatch which the nature of the service requires. 1 am, sir, with the greatest esteem and regard, your most T m JON N iRUMBULL.
humble servant,
obedient,
,
Am
Head-Quarters, Peekskill, December 27th, 1776.
SIR
Shall neglect nothing in
destitute.
good of the service. -Among other tilings, it appears of great importance to forward the recruiting, or raising of a new Army, which suffers for want of money to pay the You are kind enough to offer advancing a sum premiums. sufficient for one regiment or more, if it can be spared. The You will, good of the service obliges me to ask for it. for the
Benjamin fVallworth.
JONATHAN POLLARD TO ABRAHAM TEN BROECK.
by
1452
therefore, be pleased to order
already com-
has been
naked and
1776.
sufficient to raise
:
Richard Langdon,
DECEMBER,
&c.,
27th, 1776.
P. S. informed by Colonel Stvift that he could not obtain the mileage and marching money for his regiment in the last campaign, which he expected at As
you Albany. Saratoga, he was not able to wait on you for the necessary orders that the men complain much for the want of it. sure you will consider, and see that perfect justice is done him in this matter. were then
at
;
Am
Hon'ble Major-General Schuykr.
PAROLE OF PHILIP PALMER. Whereas of in
I,
Philip Palmer, of West-Chester, in the State for some time past resided at Windham,
New-York, have
the State of Connecticut, being apprehended and sent by the Committee of the Convention of the State of
thither
New-York, as one suspected inimical to the United States of America: And whereas, upon my application to his Honour Governour Trumbull, of the State of Connecticut, he hath permitted me to return to West- Chester, to take care of my interest and effects, and there to reside till otherwise I do ordered hereby pledge my faith and word of honour to said Governour Trumbull, that I will neither bear arms, nor excite or encourage others to bear arms, against this, or any other of the United States of America, and that I -will not do or say any thing in prejudice of the interest or measures of this, or any, or all of the United States, in the present controversy with Great Britain, and that I will give no intelligence to the enemies of said States of any of their :
Lieutenant Lawrence, of my regiment, being desirous to continue in the service, if there was a vacancy for him, and He is desirous to serve applies to me for a recommendation. in your regiment, if you can help him to a place; if not, I
hope you will use your endeavour to have him appointed in some other, as I believe he will make >a good officer, as he always willing to do his duty; but the officers of my regiment have never had it in their power to show their courage. is
am, your humble servant,
I
JAMES CLINTON, B. Gen'l.
JOHN DUNCAN TO GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL. Hermitage, near Schenectady, December 27th, 1776.
SIR Even if gratitude did not sufficiently prompt, would be much wanting in duty not to return you my most sincere thanks for the many favours received whilst a captive under your care. My grateful sense of your admitting me :
my aged father and family, to you and yours, by me never be forgot, and I most ardently wish that you and them may always be as happy as that act made me and mine. It was with some difficulty I was admitted to remain at home the six weeks contained in your pass, though I have lately obtained leave to abide on my farm till called on by the Committee o( Albany ; and had 1 not in that case, till a fe\^ days ago, been in some expectation to have re-
counsels, operations of war, or other the transactions of this or any other of the United States, and that I will return to
any place in this State when requested by his said Honour Governour Trumbull, or the General Assembly of this State, or the Convention of the State of New- York for the time being. In witness
whereof I have hereunto set 27th day of December, 1776, at Windham, Connecticut.
Present
:
my in
hand,
this
the State of
PHILIP PALMER. EBF.N'R BACKUS.
to visit shall
turned to Hartford, would have wrote your Honour before
now. beg leave to be gratefully remembered to the worthy gentlemen of your Council, who so readily concurred in granting my request; and am, with real esteem and due respect, sir, your most obedient and much obliged humble 1
servant,
To
,
JOHN DUNCAN.
ADVERTISEMENT FOR APPREHENSION OF MAJOR FRENCH AND OTHERS.
One hundred and
twenty Dollars reward. French, Ensign Joseph Moland, and Major Christopher the infamous Gurdon Whitmore, broke gaol, and escaped Said French and Moland are Continental this evening. French is about fifty years of age, wears Said prisoners. Said Moland his hair, is small of stature, hard favoured. of walks is about tall, erect, wears age, twenty-five years Said Whitmore is short, well his hair, light complexion. made, has black eyes, wears his hair. It's expected they their dress, as they did when they run away beperson that shall take up the aforesaid prisoners, or either of them, and return them to the gaol at Hartford, will
fore.
change
Any
shall receive as a his
Honour Governour Trumbull.
premium,
necessary charges, by
forty dollars for each,
and
all
BARZ H0DSQN)
December 27th, 1776.
GOVERNOUR TRUMBULL TO GENERAL SCHUYLKR. State of Connecticut, Middletown,
December 27th, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of the 19th came to hand per Mr. Babcock. I feel for your distresses and my country, and the apparent prospect of our northern posts being left so
EXTRACT OF LETTER FROM COLONEL HUNTINGTON TO HIS SON, DATED ROXBURY CAMP, 27TH, 1776. I spent this afternoon at General Spencer's, with the Indian Chiefs. They walked with a number of officers about
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1453
The our encampment, to view our situation and works. that Guards turned out under arms to receive them as they are very fond of tokens of them much, pleased :
respect, as well as other people.
JOHN WATSON TO MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR.
;
am engaged
to
buy some, which
higher than I expected. I propose to send to the West-Indies, about seven or eight thousand, and the tobacco is now chiefly purchased out of the hands of the consequently it will be out of my I
planters;
at any thing near the supply you with any quantity power mention. price you
the intelligence you are permitted to disclose from Congress, be kind enough to send us, especially good news, which are almost strangers to us at present, and therefore shall receive
them I
as a rarity.
am, your very humble servant,
MESHECH WEARE. The names
P. S.
of the persons for field officers in the Continental battalion raised here have been sent forward some time for approbation. As the regiment is now ordered to
Ticonderoga by General Ward, we desire you
sir,
your very humble servant,
JOHN WATSON. Mr.
Warren.
J.
MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR TO COLONEL CRAFTS.
War Office,
Boston, December 27th, 1776.
SIR: By a resolve of the Board of War of you are ordered, as commanding officer of the garrison of Boston, and the forts in the harbour of said town, to make a return to the said Board immediately of every kind of ordnance and ammunition, now in military stores, including this State,
your possession, belonging
Whereof
By
to the State of Massachusetts-Bay.
not.
fail
order of the Board. J.
WARREN,
President.
Colonel Thomas Crafts.
MESHECH WEARE TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS. Referred to the Committee of Treasury.]
:
Exeter, December 27th, 1776.
SIR This State, very desirous of exerting with full vigour all the strength of their small Republick in the common :
cause, find themselves resolutions, for want of
much money
;
obstructed in pursuing their and the depreciation of the
is such that discourages them from emitting have therefore sent James Belton, Esq., exof the honourable Congress twenty thoupress, to request sand dollars, to purchase shoes, stockings, and other clothing
present currency
any more.
fo
I
Army, agreeable to the resolutions of Congress also money may be transmitted to Colonel John Stark, ColEnoch Poor, and Colonel Alexander Scammell, persons
the
that
onel
appointed to
;
command
the three battalions directed to be
raised in the quota of this State to serve during the war, to
enable them to pay the bounty to the soldiers; which money we understand they could not procure from the Paymasters in either the Northern or Eastern departments, the chest Also a sum, in part of what' this State hath being empty.
advanced for the Continent, the accounts of which advance will soon be forwarded. I am, sir, In behalf of the Council and Assembly. your very humble servant,
MESHECH WEARE)
forward
Mathew Thornton and William Whipple.
Hon'ble
NEW-HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE OF SAFETY TO WILLIAM DUER. Exeter, December 27, 1776.
SIR:
The
prisoners sent from your State have been received here, and disposed of agreeable to the resolutions of your Committee, and the advice of Mr. Benson sent from
Great uneasiness prevails among them, and their you. clamours of being sent here without an examination at home and consciousness of their innocence which they assert, has
had considerable influence among the people in their
Three of the
behalf.
return to
New-York,
and Elias Doty,
to
in
prisoners, of the
those not directed to be confined in
jail,
have
these parts number of liberty to
viz:
Timothy Clossen, Joseph Gage, provide necessaries for themselves and
other prisoners here; and to return in six weeks, unless they have license from the Convention of New- York or your
Committee to remain at home. And as a great number of them make such protestations of their not being sensible of their having ever given occasion for any person to suppose them unfriendly to the American cause, we wish an impartial
[Read 20 January, 1777
to
the appointments.
to
Am,
1454
1776.
our Militia are just come home from New-York, and five hundred newly raised are now on their march for lhat place. All
East- Windsor, Connecticut, December 30, 1776.
SIR: Your favour of the 25th instant, I have now reWhen I saw Mr. Elliot last, I did not pretend to ceived. set a price at which I could engage to deliver any quantity of tobacco and since I returned home, I find the price with us advanced fifty per cent, since last year, which is much
DECEMBER,
&c.,
inquiry might be
may appear
innocent
made into their characters, 'and if any who were taken up, and sent from
homes in the confusion and unavoidable hurry lhat you was involved in at that time, that an order may be sent for
their
their discharge
;
also particular directions to this State rela^-
live to their future disposal
and regulation of the prisoners.
Some of the persons who had the liberty of providing own lodgings have eloped, the number and names we
their
can-
not transmit, as this letter is wrote to be forwarded by a person ordered to Philadelphia on urgent business, and cannot be detained. However, one -John Vandeburgh,
Esq., is among the number. Many more we expect will The five hundred dollars sent by follow their example. your State is expended, and a considerable sum advanced to in jail, which amount to near seventy, some others, who appear poor and naked, As our Treasury is empty and can't prison.
support the prisoners
and necessaries
for
though not in be soon supplied with ourselves, it would very much assist us at this time to have such a sum transmitted from you as you think adequate to support the prisoners while they may I am, &,c. tarry here. William Duer, Esq., Chairman of the Committee for Inquiring into, Detecting, and Defeating all Conspiracies formed against the State of New- York.
President .
THOMAS THOMPSON TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY.
Hon. John Hancock, Esq.
Portsmouth, December 27, 1776.
MESHECH WEARE TO MATHF.W THORNTON AND WILLIAM WHIFFLE. I
send you the copy of a vote,
appointing you, with Colonel Bartlett, Delegates to represent this State in Congress one year from the first of Jan-
uary next. Mr. Betton, who brings you this, is sent by the General Court to solicit money for this State for several The great purposes, as he will show you in his instructions. need we have of a supply for our Treasury must excuse my very earnest desire of all your aid in procuring the same. Great sums we must advance, in addition to the Continental establishment, or no men can be inlisted here. Every thing is
so amazing dear that the soldiers say their wages will not
We
half support them. expect soon to be under the necessity of raising a body of men to relieve the Massachusetts
and Connecticut
Militia, at
Rhode-Island.
the schooner tender to the
last night at Little Harbour. four officers, passengers, besides the one that commen. The officers shall be sent off and about
Milford, was run on shore
Exeter, December 27, 1776.
GF.NTLEMEN: Enclosed
GENTLEMEN: I have to inform you that lately commanded by Captain Burke, now a
One
thousand of
She has
mands, fifty early to-morrow morning.
Should be glad of your further
directions in the behalf of the United States for the disposal of the prisoners who are now in custody of Colonel Long,
hut the officers,
all
Your humble
To
who
are in
my
care.
THOS. THOMPSON.
servant,
the honourable the Council and
of
Assembly of the State
New-Hampshire.
COLONEL LONG TO NEW-HAMPSHIRE ASSEMBLY. Portsmouth, December 27, 1776.
GENTLEMEN: This morning
1
received advice of one of
the enemy's tenders being drove into our harbour.
1
thought
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1455
&c.,
DECEMBER,
1776.
1456
it my duty to secure her, being apprehensive that the prisoners might attempt an escape with the prize. 1 immediately ordered a number of soldiers to embark on board
established in such cases
boats, to take possession of her; and in the interim, prepared others lo follow, in one of which I went myself. When I
Convention, and breach of the rights of your petitioner as a member of that State, have absolutely refused to allow such appeal, and your petitioner is now in custody of one William
came on board
found Colonel
1
Mooney and Major Ilodg-
We
don, with a sufficiency of men to bring her to town. hove her from off the shore, and proceeded as far up the river as the tide would permit before it was spent, after
gave orders for the prisoners to be brought to town, now, to the number, I think, of forty-three or fortyunder a proper guard, exclusive of five officers who
which
who five,
I
are
were brought up by Captain Pinkham, (the person that The brought her in,) and put to lodge at a publick house. Captain of the Raleigh ordered a guard on them, for which This night, Captain Salter, in conI am much obliged. Robert Parker, who I have appointed junction with Captain I shall be will bring her to her mooring. obliged pilot of her, for an order for the disposition of all the prisoners, excepting those who will be accompanied to Exeter to-morrow by
to
Captain Dearing,
may judge
be examined and disposed of as you
proper.
am, gentlemen, with due respect, your most obedient
I
T
servant,
r> PIERCE LONG.
observe that Captain Pinkham had him by the officers and people belonging to her, to do with her as he thought proper, which He has libelled her, and induced him to make this push.
P. S.
I
beg leave
to
this vessel delivered to
applied to a friend to transact his business. the honourable Council, Sic., of the State of
To
New-
of a
by the Convention of the said State but the said Committee of Chester avowing revolt from that State, in high contempt of the said
New-York; full
be delivered here to said Currier for the purposes Your petitioner flatters himself that the virtuous Committee of the town of Charkstown will protect your
Atwood,
to
aforesaid.
petitioner from all wrongs and violences from the hands of said Currier within their district, and will give a full proof of their design to cultivate and improve the good under-
now
between the two States, by protecting and your petitioner, delivering him from the unconstitutional imprisonment he is under within your district, and that you will give the Convention of New-York a pleasing proof that standing
the
existing
Committee of Charkstown,
countenance
tentious person ship that exists
who may
seek the destruction of the friend-
prosecute his appeal there agreeable to his rights as a member of the State of New- York, and according to the rules and regulations by the Convention or Assembly of that State in such case lately made and provided ; and your petitioner shall ever pray, &,c.
JOHN GROUT.
Charlestown, in the State of New-Hampshire,
PETITION OF JOHN GROUT. Gentlemen Committee of the town O/CHARLESTOWN, in the Province of NEW-HAMPSHIRE
will dis-
be offered to the
between the said States. Your petitioner, therefore, most humbly prays that you would please to order him safely to be returned to the County of Cumberland, where he belongs, and delivered to the Chairman of the said County Committee, that so he may
December
the
New-Hampshire,
peaceable subjects of that State, contrary to their just rights and the true dignity of New- York, by any and every con-
Hampshire.
To
in
violences which shall
all
27, 1776.
> J
P. S. December 21th, 1776, seven o'clock, p. m. Mr. Atwood has delivered the petitioner to Mr. Currier, and he is
now
in
Mr. Currier's custody.
:
The Petition of JOHN GROUT, O/CHESTER, in
the Slate of most humbly sheweth : That a wicked conspiracy has lately been formed in the
NEW-YORK,
a part of the people (the notorious Charles Phelps at the head of the conspiracy) to disunite the States said
County by
of America, and to set them to quarreling among themselves at this time when harmony and friendship is so necessary for
common defence. The conspirators began by denying the State of New- York over the County of
Chester, 25 December, 1776.
To DAVID EARLL, greeting : You are hereby required to him forthwith this shall
GEORGE EARLL.
A
true
copy of the Attest
New-York; which
Cumberland, and
General Convention of the State of
extraordinary procedures justly alarming made some spirited resolves there-
that Convention, they
on, which your petitioner hereunto annexes, and begs leave to refer you. These resolves being sent to the County Committee, they, at a
Committee met
full
at
Westminster on
Tuesday of November last, fully rescinded said claim, and made, in the name and behalf of the people of the said County, a full, ample, and formal submission to the jurisdiction and authority of the State of New- York. To which submission a small part of the said County Committee entered their dissent, and withdrew themselves. But finding the
first
that the virtuous people of the State of Massachusetts-Bay would give them no aid in the quarrel they have begun with the State to which they belong, they are now endeavouring to effect their wicked designs of disturbing the union and
harmony
that
a quarrel
at
now this
the United States by making all-important day between the States of exists
among
New-Hampshire and Neiv-York ; and for this purpose have procured an inhabitant of New-Hampshire, one David Curby name, to complain of your petitioner for an assault; and your petitioner having by Chester Committee been adjudged to be guilty, they have ordered that your petitioner be delivered to said Currier in New-Hampshire, to be by him there imprisoned until your petitioner shall pay and rier
make such
satisfaction as said Currier shall arbitrarily impose on him, (a copy of which unprecedented and arbitrary judgment is hereunto annexed,) from which judgment your
petitioner appealed to
the General
County of Cumberland, agreeable
Committee of the said the laws and rules
to
original.
DAVID EARLL.
:
jurisdiction of the
claiming to put themselves under the jurisdiction of the State of Massachusetts-Bay, and for this purpose procured a maof a small part of the County Committee to write and jority to the
take John Grout and bring in said Chester, for which
Landlord Grub's,
be your sufficient warrant, from
our
send such claim
to
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 28th, 1776.
SIRS
:
I
have bought the
brig, agreeable to
your orders,
The
people all seemed determined two thousand five hundred and fifty I pounds. suppose she is a fine sea vessel, but she is not worth that money. But I believe it was the Congress against the Province. 1 was very candid about the matter. I hear they intend to I think you apply to you for her.
at a very great price. to have her. She cost
had better spare her to them. I don't think her the vessel that she was represented. I have her hauled to a wharf, and hands at work to get her ballast out. I have bought a good deal of pork for the Defence, and shall have the brig ready for sea as soon as I can, if you don't spare her to Congress. Mr. Chase told me to-night I have that Congress must have her. put her under the care of Captain Forsyth to put in order, a very good man. From your humble servant, JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH.
To
the hon'ble Council of Safety, at Annapolis.
JESSE HOLLINGSWORTH TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Baltimore, December 28th, 1776.
Snts: I wrote by Stephen Steward, acquainting you that I had bought the fine brig, but I think her a dear bargain. I have got a well-recommended Captain for her; and Captain Forsyth has been this two days under his care. If you keep her from Congress, who, I understand, wants her, you may send up four thousand pounds, by Wm. Crockket, who is a safe hand, to pay for ship and cargo; twentyfive hundred and fifty for the brig, and the fitting and cargo Please will cost the other part of the four thousand pounds.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1457
write me about it. Mr. Crocket can tell you more of the Captain than I know of him. He recommended him to me. Excuse haste. From your humble servant,
JESSB HOLLINGSXVORTH.
The
DECEMBER,
fac.,
You
are
much wanted
are of essential service at
am, dear
1
sir,
Colonel Beatty tells me Peter Hhmed, who was Captain, Adam Crush, who was First Lieutenant, and Adams, who was Second Lieutenant, of a company in his battalion, and went to the Flying-Camp, refuse to hold :
his battalion. commissions Crush is in the regular service; Maure, he says, desires to be so; and Adams says he will not act at any time hereafter. All agree not to desire in
their
any body who has retreated from the camp to go again. Nicholas White, Colonel Beatty tells me, the company are desirous he should be a Captain, and that he thinks him I should therefore be a proper man. glad you'd send him We have a very deep snow. Upwards of a commission. three hundred of Colonel Beatty's battalion begin their march to-morrow. I wish they were better provided. I am very desirous of hearing from your Board and am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, ;
TH. JOHNSON, Jun.
The
Montgomery County, December
PLEASE YOUR HONOURS
IT
directing
:
me
to
prepare them
for
Philadelphia,
He approves this plan, as it will ease his before Congress. correspondence with us, and at the same time we shall receive information that will be necessary for our government in many affairs that will most probably come under our consideration.
You have
Putnam, by which it appears that We hope our troops will follow them up, and not give them time to recover; and
From
the disposition of many of the people, I am urged you will inform me of the destination of these troops, of the time they are to continue in actual service, and whether your orders in particular are not immediately
to request
now
a Briga-
and you He is a fortune, numer-
the Associators of this State, prompts us to
recommend
He now commands the immediately. Continental Colonels, and they cannot complain that he is He is now leading on a valuable put over their heads. band of men in your service, and the appointment will give
to
JOHN MURDOCK.
hon'ble the Council of Safety of Maryland.
Congress
to
do
it
and vigour to their operations. The present success induce you to make other promotions; and we hope will not be neglected.
spirit
will
PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS TO THE COUNCIL OF MASSACHU-
this
We
SETTS-BAY.
are sorry to inform
you that Captain Robinson's
in-
formation respecting his prize was premature. She is not arrived, nor have we heard further from below, although the Fly has been sent down some days to reconnoitre. The
m.
The necessity of having proper magazines places of security, has induced the Congress one in Virginia, one in Pennto order three to be erected one in and in Brookfield, sylvania, Massachusetts-Bay, with :
in
Wasp is gone to cruise outside the British fleet. She took a schooner, with molasses and rum, that had been taken by the Roebuck. have the honour to remain, sir, your obedient ser-
:
an elaborately adjacent to each. The foregoing resolve respecting the magazine and elaboratory to be fixed at BrookI am directed to transmit to Jield, you, and to request that you will be pleased to take such measures as you judge I necessary for the immediate execution of it. beg leave to refer you to the resolve; and am, with every sentiment of esteem, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
We
vants.
John Hancock, Esq. COMMITTEE OF CONGRESS TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Philadelphia,
President.
We
December
28th, 1776.
have the pleasure to own receipt of your of yesterday, by Colonel Baylor, and favour acceptable most sincerely do we rejoice in your Excellency's success at Trentown, as we conceive it will have the most important and because we think it will do juspublick consequences, to a character we admire, and which in some tice, degree, we have long wished to appear in the world with that briland which the members liancy that success always obtains,
DEAR
Hon'l Council of Massachusetts-Bay.
JAMES WILSON TO ROBERT MORRIS. Baltimore, 28th December, 1776.
Philadelphia
are directed, by a late resolution of Congress, to contract for I shall be at that erecting a magazine at Carlisle. place in III.
is
troops,
all
necessary towards forwarding this expedition, which, when received, shall be punctually complied with, by, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
VOL.
Mr. Cadwalader
by and gains their confidence wherever he goes. General Washington, in a letter to Congress some time past, recommended their appointing this gentleman a BrigadierGeneral in the Continental service. His having recommended him for that purpose, and our knowledge of his merits, and a conviction that it would be vastly pleasing to his
the greatest part of the officers belonging to the different
FIFTH SERIES.
that
gentleman of amiable private character, fine ous connexions, has a martial spirit, and has taken infinite He is beloved pains to qualify himself for command.
companies.
at
sir,
made
so by our Council of Safety; cannot conceive what general satisfaction it gives.
;
DEAR SIR: The Committee of Congress
write in this strain to General Washington, with an man shall follow to his assistance that
You'll observe,
march to reinforce General Washington, and have requested the Colonels to call them together for that purpose all this has likewise been done and I have now to inform you that not more than eighty-eight men of this battalion are willing to march, in which number is included
JOHN HANCOCK,
Allow
our enemies are panick-struck.
dier-General,
readiness to
GENTLEMEN
&c.
vision.
mittee of Frederick County. Whereupon this Committee has recommended it to the Militia to put themselves in
established
enclosed herewith the General's account of the
can be prevailed on to move from this State; and we have not a doubt but their spirits will now be up, and what they have before thought dangers will vanish before them like a
have also, in Committee of this County, seen two requisitions of Congress to the same purport, directed to the Com-
five o'clock, a.
28th, 1776.
assurance that every
I
Baltimore, December 28th, 1776
December
SIR: Your Committee have opened their office, and given publick notice of their daily attendance to transact such Continental business as may be proper and necessary in this We wrote General Washington of our appointment, place. and proposed that he should forward his despatches to Congress through our hands, unless when they might be of such a nature as he would not choose any person should see them
shall
take an account of their arms, &.C., to an immediate march, and to hold them-
selves in readiness for further orders, I have to acquaint you that all this has been done agreeable to the said instruction.
The
[Read 31 December.]
We
In consequence of a
;
COMMITTEE FOR TRANSACTING CONTINENTAL BUSINESS TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS.
take the very speedily wear a pleasing countenance. an extract of a letter from General
lately from Brigadier-General Johnson, to call together the battalion of Militia under
my command,
Morris, Esq.
liberty to enclose, also, Cadwalader to General
28th, 1776.
received
I
JAMES WILSON.
us to congratulate Congress on this success, and to presage that, if our good fortune is well followed up, our affairs will
COLONEL MURDOCK TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
MAY
know you
Congress, though I
action at Trenton, with a return of the prisoners,
hon'ble Council of Safety of Maryland.
letter
to
TO MARYLAND COUNCIL OF SAFETY.
Frederick -Town, Saturday, 28th December, 1776.
GENTLEMEN
in
my power
Philadelphia.
yours sincerely,
The Hon'ble Robert JUN.,
1458
a short time, and will give every assistance in those whom you employ.
Council of Safety, at Annapolis.
THOMAS JOHNSON,
1776.
9
SIR:
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1459
know you deserve. Permit us to congratulate you on tliis success, and to suppose it is only the beginning of more important advantages.
of Congress
You
will
excuse us
for
taking up so
much of your time
DECEMBER,
fcc.,
to apologize for doing so, as curred to yourself.
1460
1776.
probable the whole has oc-
it's
We
remain, with perfect regard and esteem, your Excellency's most obedient and most humble servants,
ROBT. MOKHIS, GEO. CLYMER, GEO. WALTON.
as will be necessary to read this letter, which is not intended as an official letter of business, but merely to gratify our and to offer you such thoughts as occur on
present feelings, the present state of
of any reply, as
affairs,
His Excellency General Washington.
without intending you the trouble too much writing neces-
we know you have
PENNSYLVANIA COUNCIL OF SAFETY TO ROBERT MORRIS.
sarily.
your attack on Trcntown was totally and the success beyond unexpected, the surprise complete, Generals Could Swing and Cadwalader have expectation. executed their parts, no doubt but more good consequences It
appears to us that
must have followed
instantly.
However, we apprehend
it
appears by General Cadivalader's letter to General Putnam, that the enemy have abandoned from Bordentown downwards, and fled with all their is
not yet loo late, as
it
posts South- Amboy. It's probable they are precipitation towards seized with a panick, whilst your forces are flushed with
success
and such precious moments should not be
;
We
lost.
apprehend, if your victory is immediately pursued, and no time allowed the enemy to recover from their surprise, you will have little difficulty in clearing the Jerseys of them. probable that those troops whose times of inlistment are now expiring will follow their successful General, although they would have left him whilst acting a defensive It is
Be
part.
that as
it
may, we have the pleasure
to
know
marching from These have every part of this State to your assistance. been put in motion when our affairs were at the worst; but you have now given a spring to the tardy spirits, and we in short, it think their numbers will be greatly augmented from this time form a reasonable that is our may you opinion dependence on daily additions to your force. Common fame will double the numbers of those that actually do turn
In Council of Safety, Philadelphia, 28th December, 1776.
SIR: Captain Francis Nichols, who succeeded to the command of the late Captain Hendricks, who was killed at Quebeck, has applied to us for the pay of his company. He was referred to Mease $f Cold well, who, we are told, We should he glad don't think it lies in their department. to know where the officers and men of that corps are to be paid, as frequent application
such reports reach our enemies, it will probably have great effect on their fears, and assist wonderfully in causing them to evacuate their lately-acquired territory in
out; and
if
New-Jersey. We have received a letter from Colonel Fleming, of the Ninth Virginia Regiment, which is on its march from the Eastern Shore; and we have ordered them a supply of money at the Head of Elk, and the necessary clothing to be got in readiness against they come here. We also expect the Pennsylvania Regulars that have been lately raised in the back Counties of this State; and we understand Militia and other reinforcements are coming from Maryland and
You may depend we will give every assistance Virginia. our power to forward these reinforcements to you, and
necessary. By order of Council
we
shall assist
and advise,
far as
we
are able, in every
here. publick department have considered that part of your Excellency's letter of the 25th instant, to Mr. Morris, that relates to the seamen in the two New-England battalions, whose times ex-
We
with this year; and should any of them obstinately from your service on New Year's persist in being discharged day, we think it advisable to prevail on them to come down
pire
here, and
assist
in
getting the frigates out.
When
To
with them, that we may, if possible, get away the Washington as well as the Delaware. Congress are very anxious to have these ships out, and will be pleased if this measure pursued.
We
for that
:
President.
the Honourable Robert Morris,' Esq.
GENERAL MIFFLIN TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. Bristol,
MY
Saturday evening, December 28, eight o'clock.
DEAR GENERAL
The
:
enclosed
I
have
minute
this
received from an express sent by my order to General CadThe General not knowing that I was here, did walader. not write to me; and as I supposed the contents of impor-
tance
my
in
which
for I
1
came
movements, I took the liberty must plead only the occasion
to
open the
in
excuse.
here at four o'clock this afternoon.
letter,
Five hundred
men, sent from Philadelphia yesterday, crossed to Burlington this morning; this evening I sent over near three hundred more; to-morrow seven or eight hundred shall follow. I will cross in the morning, and will endeavour to form them into regiments and brigade. They consist of many differIf your Excellency ent corps, and want much regulation. has any orders for me, other than to join General Cadwalader as soon as possible, please to favour me with such as are
Pennsylvania necessary, and I will punctually obey them. is at length roused, and coming in great numbers to your Mr. Hall will return with your orders. Excellency's aid. at
I am informed that we cannot cross at Bordentown, nor any place between that place and this. I have no doubt
of effecting
here, having sent from Philadelphia in the
it
morning several fine boats, which are now here. on your late I most heartily congratulate your Excellency a wish and most stroke, ardently repetition. capital I am, with great affection and attachment, your Excellency's obedient servant,
THQMAS MlrrLIN-
His Excellency General Washington.
COLONEL CADWALADER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON.
;
cannot avoid mentioning that we don't think it adexchange your Hessian prisoners at this time. We think their capture affords a favourable opportunity of making them acquainted with the situation and circumstances of many of their countrymen, who came here without a farthing of property, and have, by care and industry, have enjoyed in peracquired plentiful fortunes, which they fect peace and tranquillity until these invaders have thought It will be proper to disturb and destroy those possessions. the officers from the and to canton to men, separate proper the latter in the back Counties; which may be done by the Council of Safety, until the Congress are consulted thereon. Your Excellency will excuse us for troubling you with our sentiments on these matters ; and we think it necessary visable to
Board
they
come, we will make the best bargain we can with them and if nothing else will do, we will engage to send them home in one or two of those ships. If they come on these terms, we think Captain Read and his officers should come
is
to this
DAVID RITTENHODSE, V.
in
that
made
'tis
regularly, and are in exceeding great distress for want ol it. Some general regulation in that department seems absolutely
that considerable bodies of Associators are
;
is
out of our power to give them satisfaction Indeed, much of our time is spent in quieting the discontents of the soldiery, who have not their pay
purpose, and on this head.
Bordenton, 28 December, 1776.
We
arrived here about one o'clock, the advance I have sent horsemen to reconnoitre ; and ten. party about information the enemy left Allen-Town about from
SIR:
every
If 1 had been happy enough eight o'clock this morning. to have crossed at Dunk's Ferry, we should have completely I am informed that in this quarter. the
Army
destroyed
the Hessians
some of as
went
off in the utmost confusion.
the troops have
it is
impossible Bristol, to
marched up
to get
,
the
to
I
am
sorry
Kirkbridge
commanding
officer at
have about eighteen hundred men, and Colonel Penrose informs me that he is advancing with about five hundred men. We shall pursue with my troops to-morrow before day.
About
emy
five
are
hundred go
I
this
much encumbered
to fall
on their
I
sir,
am,
.
evening to Crossivix. with baggage and cattle.
The I
en-
hope
rear.
your most obedient servant,
JOHN CADWALADER.
To
his
Excellency General Washington, Head-Quarters.
CORRESPONDENCE, PROCEEDINGS,
1461
GENERAL WASHINGTON TO GENERAL Jl'DOUGALL. 1 have yours of the 22d, and am sorry that bore so bad an aspect in your quarter at that time but I hope that the late success at Trenton, on the 26th, and the consequences of it, will change the face of matters I crossed over to not only there, but every where else. about nine iniles above of the the 25th, evening Jersey
DEAR SIR
:
;
Trenton, with upwards of two thousand men, and attacked three regiments of Hessians, consisting of fifteen hundred men, about eight o'clock next morning. Our men pushed
on with such rapidity that they soon carried four pieces of cannon out of six, surrounded the enemy, and obliged thirty officers and eight hundred and eighty-six privates to lay
Our loss was only their arms, without firing a shot. two officers and two or three privates wounded. The enemy We should have had between twenty and thirty killed. made the whole of them prisoners, could General Eiving have passed the Delaware at Trenton, and got in their rear 1 am informed that Count Donbut the ice prevented him. nop, with the remainder of the Army below Trenton, decamped immediately upon this news, and is on his march towards South-Amboy. Generals Mifflin, Ewing, and Cadwalader, have already passed over to Jersey, with a capital force, and I shall follow with the Continental regiments as soon as they have recovered from their late fatigue, which was indeed very great. I hope you, sir, General Maxwell, (to whom I have wrote,) Colonel Vose, Colonel Ford, and down
;
every gentleman who is well affected, will exert yourselves in encouraging the Militia, and assuring them that nothing is wanting but for them to lend a hand, and driving the enemy from the whole Province of Jersey. Pray watch the motions of the enemy, and if they incline to retreat or advance, harass their rear and flanks; but at all events endeavour to collect a body of men to be ready to join me, or act otherwise, as occasion shall require. Your son was mentioned I
demanded
To
am
I
To
am,
sir,
yours, &ic.,
Go. WASHINGTON.
Bri
;
covery.
;
Mr. Gansevoort informs the Committee that Colonel Livingston had informed him that Isaac Winn had escaped from the Guard.
;
;
Ordered, That Captain Myrick, with five men, immedimarch and use his utmost diligence to apprehend the persons mentioned in Francis Wilsie's information, and that he have power to impress a Sleigh and Horses to transport himself and men to Dan. Wright's.
was. That Kain appeared very solicitous to know whether he had said any thing about him to which deponent answered that he had not heard Maloyd mention his name.
ately
;
And
further saith not.
y-. DAVID CLARK.
Sworn
in Committee, by JOHN JAY, Chairman. Mr. Duer informs the Committee that Captain John John-
Ordered, That Captain Myrick request the assistance of Colonel Luddington, Captain Clarke, and Lieutenant Martin Cornell, in execution of the above order; and when done, to request of each of them forthwith to repair to this Com-
son, of the Regiment late of Colonel McDougall, told him that the wife of Verdun Ellsworth, and sister of Sam'l Gale,
mittee.
had
lately been once or twice to resides at Goshen.
Captain Platt informs the Committee that Arch'd Little, Esq., told him that one James Carscaden had been committed to the
Guard
Conway; which
for
travelling with a forged Pass to
Pass, together with another paper signed by is also to the other, he deliv-
William Wilkins, whose name ered to the Court.
sum of two Pounds eleven Shillings. Ordered, That the same be paid.
Captain Platt also communicated to the Court an Order of Nathan Pearce, Chairman of the Committee ofPawling's Precinct, to apprehend and bring here Thomas Beamus, for damning the Congress and which order and prisoner were brought here on Saturday last, together with a paper found on him, signed by Henry O'Hara, and purporting to be a certificate of his inlistment, &tc.
Resolved, That Mr. Socket, taking with him Captain Van Gaasbeck's Company, do forthwith endeavour to apprehend the persons mentioned in John Hains's last Examination.
;
Clarke's
Town;
such that he had
FIFTH SERIES.
that the circumstances of his family were obtained leave of his Captain to return ;
VOL.
III.
that she
Ordered, That Mr. Socket pay one hundred Dollars to Captain Myrick, on account. Mr. Socket reports that there is due to Gilbert Barns, for burying Christopher Patrie, one of the prisoners, tha
James
Arch'd Little, Esq., a Member of the Convention, being sworn, saith, that on Tuesday last he saw Mr. James Carscadden at John Brcwster's, at Blooming Grove ; that he told this deponent lie had come from the Militia of Ulster County, and had marched with Captain Watkins to
New-York, and
Resolved, That Captain Van Gaasbeck march his Comto the house and neighbourhood of James , obey such orders as he shall receive from Nathaniel Socket,
pany
Esq.,
till
the further orders of this Committee.
Resolved, That Commissary JVickoffdo, with the utmost Van Gaasbeck with six days' expedition, furnish Captain Provisions, ready dressed, for his
Company.
Resolved, That Samuel Gale and William Trcdwell be discharged on taking the Oath of Allegiance to this State.
98
NEW-YORK COMMITTEE FOR DETECTING CONSPIRACIES,
1555
Mr. Duer communicated
to the
Committee a Letter from
He.ndrick Wickoff, the Commissary, informing him that the removal of the Prisoners to the Lower Barracks places them
]
The
House, according to the order of the day, proceeded appointment of a Delegate to represent this by State in General Congress, in the room of Thomas Jefferson, Esq.; and the Members having prepared tickets for the person to be appointed, and put the same into a box, a Committee was appointed to examine the same, who reported that they had met a Committee from the Senate in the conference room, and had, jointly with them, examined the ballot boxes, and that the numbers appeared as follows: For Benjamin Harrison, Esq., 69 Mcrewcther Smith, ballot to the
Esq., 5. " Resolved, therefore,
That
the said
Benjamin Harrison
to administer
examined by them
in
oaths
the execu-
the Generals' and Paymasters' Accounts be sent to
the Treasury Office by the Commissioners, together with the Pay-Roils and Accounts discharged by the same, upon their to the end of adjusting the Accounts of the Northern
Army
the present campaign. Resolved, That the Commissioners appointed to settle the Accounts of the Army near New-York, be directed to
govern their conduct agreeable to the foregoing Resolutions.
Resolved, That the following Instructions be given to the
Commissioners of the Northern
Army
:
accounts of persons whose particular circumstances may have rendered them unable to procure vouchers, or that, on the retreat of the Army, have 1.
That,
in adjusting the
same, the Commissioners endeavour to obtain the
lost the
best information from the General Officers, or other persons in that Department, and use a discretionary power in administering oaths or affirmations for this purpose. 2. That there not having been a Mustermaster in the
North-
and present campaign, the
Com-
ern
Army
during the
last
missioners are particularly to attend to the pay-rolls that shall be produced as vouchers by the Paymaster, and should any frauds appear, to report
may Tuesday, November
R. H. Harrison, was
The Board of Treasury brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration Whereupon,
:
Resolved, That Dr. Rush be
General
read.
tion of their office.
Schuyler.
in
" Clerk of the House of Delegates." Resolved, That Mr. Harrison be adr!ed to the Board of War, and that he be continued in all those Standing Committees of which he was a member when he left Congress.
now
camp.
State
JOHN TAZEWELL,
:
or affirmations to persons
in
this
Congress. " Resolved, unanimously, That the thanks of this House are justly due to the said Benjamin Harrison, for the diligence, ability, and integrity, with which he executed the important trust reposed in him as one of the Delegates from this country in the General Congress.
steps as he shall think most proper for continuing the Militia
That, for this purpose, he write to such of the States as now have Militia in the Government of New-York, requesting their assistance in this business ; and that he be farther desired to apply to the neighbouring States for such additional aid as he may require. That a Letter to the same import be written to General
1560
them
to the
General, that the same
be thoroughly investigated.
3.
That
in
interfere with
other instances, the Commissioners do not the muster or pay-rolls, unless, in particular
cases, it shall be selves.
4.
That
judged expedient by the General and them-
the Commissioners do not concern themselves in
disputes about back-rations or allowances for vegetables said to be due to some officers and soldiers, but leave them with the Commissary,
whose business
it
is
to regulate
such
dis-
putes. 5. That where any person has done the duty of a Deputy or Assistant Commissary, by desire of a General Officer, or the Commissary or Deputy Commissary Generals, he be
allowed
for his services,
although he has not received acorn-
mission for that purpose.
That demands
for defending the frontiers of any of the on account of troops not raised by order of Congress, be not considered by the Commissioners. 7. That the Commissioners certify to the General the 6.
States,
if
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1561 accounts to be
in specie, that if the military chest is ^paid supplied, the General may issue his warrants accordingly. 8. That the Commissioners send to the State of New-
Jersey, and to the States eastward thereof, for their accounts against the Northern Army, if such accounts are not forwarded agreeable to a circular letter from the Treasury Board to the said States.
Resolved, That the President write to Governour Livingand request him to send two Companies of Militia to guard the Salt- Works near Tom's River, and one Company to be stationed at or near and Shrewsbury, to intercept
to
put
be carried on between the
Tories and Lord Howe's Fleet; that the Companies consist of fifty men each.
A
Petition from Joseph Traverses gress and read ; Whereupon,
was presented
to
Con-
Resolved, That an order for 100 Dollars be drawn on
Treasurer accounted Account.
the favour of the said Joseph Traverses, to be for by him on the settlement and payment of his in
The Committee to whom the Letter from Richard Bache, Comptroller of the Post Office, was referred, brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration; Whereupon, Resolved, That for obtaining early and frequent intelligence from the Camps at White-Plains and Ticonderoga, or such other places as the Armies now, or lately there,
march, or have marched
to,
may
and forwarding despatches
to
the
commanding officers with the like expedition, the Postmaster-General do immediately employ so many more Riders, between Philadelphia and Head-Quarters of these Armies, as he shall judge will most effectually perform that very important, and, at this time more especially, necessary service; and that he endeavour, to the utmost of his power, to procure sober, diligent, and trusty persons to undertake it; and guard, in the best manner he is able, against robberies of the mails, or losses of their contents otherwise. That all Ferry Keepers be enjoined, as much as they are able, to expedite the passage of Post Riders and other persons charged with
letters, despatches, or messages, from and and that it be recommended to the several Legislatures of the United States, to enforce the observance
to Congress;
of
this
Resolution.
October, from Jonathan TrumbuU, Deputy Paymastor-Geneand one of the same date, from Governour TrumbuU, of Connecticut, enclosing a Resolve of the General
Assembly
appointing John Lawrence, Esq., of Hartford, Commissioner to superintend the Loan Office in that State, were read: Ordered, That the Letter from General Schuyltr, and that from Mr. Harrison, with the Letter enclosed, be referred to the Board of War:
Special Messengers, employed in the publick service, taking and carrying private Letters or Packets, ought not to receive the wages they would otherwise be entitled to. the
Deputy Postmaster at Head-Quarters be allowed
four Rations every day, out of the publick stores there, for the subsistence of himself, his riders, and servant.
Congress took into consideration the case of the Chevalier
Roche de Fermoy: Whereupon, Resolved, That the Chevalier Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy, be appointed a Brigadier-General in the Army of the United States,
The Committee to whom was referred the Petition and Accounts of Benjamin Eyre, brought in a Report, which was read:
Ordered, That
A gress
it
be referred
Petition from Jeremiah
and read
Board of Treasury. to Con-
to the
Cady was presented
:
Ordered, That
it
be referred
Commissioners apthe Accounts of the Northern to the
pointed to audit and settle are directed to report specially thereon. Certain Resolutions of the Convention of the State of New-York were laid before Congress and read:
Army, and who
Ordered, That
they be referred
to
a
Committee of
Three:
The Members
chosen, Mr. Hopkinson, Mr. Whipple, and
Mr. Hart.
The
several matters to this
Adjourned
to ten o'clock
J.
That the Letter from Governour TrumbuU, and that from TrumbuU, Paymaster, to the Board of Treasury, also the
Letter of the 29th of August, from General Schuyler, which was received and read on the 6'th September, together with the Memorial from Colonel Brown, and the Officers' Cer-
enclosed
tificates
therein,
be
referred
to
the
Board of
Treasury.
The Committee of Treasury brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration: Whereupon, Resolved, That the Report of a Court of Inquiry appointed by General Schuyler, and held at Albany, the 5th of October, in consequence of a Resolution of Congress of the 30th of July last, confirming General
Montgomery's
promise to give to the troops concerned in taking the vessels on the Sorel, all the publick stores, except ammunition and provisions on board thereof, be referred to the Commissioners for adjusting the they be directed to
Accounts of the Northern
make
strict
Army
;
inquiry into the matter,
that
and
inform themselves, by the evidence of persons who served at that time as Quartermaster and Commissary of Stores in the said Army, and of others, what part, or whether any of the stores mentioned in the were taken for the pubreport, lick service;
that they allow to the officers
and men which
they shall find entitled thereto, the amount of so many the stores as shall appear to have been taken for the
of
Army
and have not been paid for, after deducting therefrom such reasonable expenses as have accrued to any of the captors in obtaining an adjustment of the prize-money, and ordering the amount of such articles of the prize-goods as the said captors have received, and were not given them as bounties, to be deducted from their respective proportions; that the Paymaster be directed, upon receiving Genas aforesaid,
eral Schnyler's warrant for payment of the same, to proportion it amongst such officers and men as the General and
Commissioners
That Expresses and
That
1562
ral;
ston,
to the intelligence said a^stop
1776.
6,
day
referred being postponed,
to-morrow.
shall direct, agreeable to the pay allowed the establishment at that time, without by any regard to
rations.
The Marine Committee taken into consideration
:
brought
in
a Report, which
was
Whereupon,
Resolved, That three persons, well skilled in maritime be immediately appointed to execute the business of the Navy, under the direction of the Marine Committee. The remainder of the Report, at the request of a Colony, affairs,
was postponed till to-morrow. Ordered, That Commissions be delivered
to the Captains and Subalterns of the Sixth Virginia Battalion, and that the dates be filled up by Brigadier-General Stephens. Resolved, That 4,000 Dollars be advanced to Colonel Lawson, of the Fourth Virginia Battalion, for the payment of the said Battalion, he to be accountable, and that the money be paid into the hands of Thomas Gaskins.
Two
Bills
General Lee,
1776;
tember,
were presented
to
Congress
;
one drawn by
64
Dollars, dated Petersburg, 28th Septhe other of the same, by Jacob Morris, Aid-
for
to General Lee, for 150 Dollars, both in favour of John Bannister, and drawn upon William Palfrey, Esq., Paymaster-General at Philadelphia: Ordered, That they be paid, and charged to the Account
de-Carnp
of General Lee. Resolved, That Willie Jones, Esq., of Halifax, Robert Smith, Esq., of Edenton, and Alexander Telfer, Esq., of Halifax, or any two of them, be appointed to audit and settle the Continental Accounts in Virginia.
The Committee
Letter of the 3d, from 71. //. Harrison, enclosing one of the 2d, from Brigadier-General Parsons; one of the 30th
of Treasury reported, that there is due, and to be paid to Charles Risk; Wallace, Benjamin for victualling forty-five men of the Flying-Camp, 4 45-90th Dollars To Francis Hopkinson, Esq., for his and James Wilson,
October, from General Schvyhr at Saratoga, enclosing a to Officers appointed to recruit lor the service of the United States of America ; one of the 31st
at Bristol, to make inquiry respecting Esq., expenses, &c., from sent Head-Quarters and lost by the exdespatches Dollars press, 23 60-90th
To
Wednesday, November
6, 1776.
A
copy of Instructions
:
:
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1563
To Sebastian Miller, for the hire of a Wagon with money from Philadelphia to Boston, 65 30-90th Dollars To John Gibson, Esq., Auditor-General, for half a year's salary due the 9th of October last, at the rate of 1,066 60-90th Dollars per annum, 533 30-90th Dollars Ordered, That the said Accounts be paid. :
:
The
Lady
Ship
was sent out
Catharine, George Ord, master, which
last winter,
being returned, Resolved, That the Secret Committee be empowered and directed to settle the accounts of the voyage, and report in
what manner the Cargo imported
is
to
be disposed
of.
The several
matters to this day referred being postponed, Adjourned to ten o'clock to-morrow. Thursday, November
A
to
7, 1776.
John Connolly was read Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee appointed examine into the state of Prisoners in the publick Gaol of Petition from
:
Philadelphia.
Whereas, the
late
Major-General Ward, since
his resig
nation of his trust, has continued in command, in the Eastern Department, at (he request of the Commander-in-Chief,
and
still
continues therein at the request of Congress
:
It
8,
1564
1776.
ern Department, have the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the Army of the United States :
That General Washington be requested to take proper steps for trying all Deserters from his Army, and punishing, in the most exemplary manner the Articles of War will ad9.
mit, all such officers and soldiers who shall be base enough disgracefully to leave the service of their country at this time
of
trial
and danger.
Resolved, That each of the persons to be appointed to execute the business of the Navy, under the direction of the Marine Committee, be allowed the salary of 1,500 Dollars per annum.
A
Letter from Colonel Miles to William Wister, was laid before Congress and read; wherein he intimates that an ex-
change may be accomplished of him
for Mr. Foxcroft, and of Colonel Atlee, or Lieutenant-Colonel Piper, for perhaps
Mr. Dashwood. Ordered, That the Letter be transmitted to General Washington, and that he be desired to do therein what he shall think proper.
The
several matters to this day referred being postponed, Adjourned to ten o'clock to-morrow.
is,
Friday,
therefore,
November
8, 1776.
A Letter, of the 4th, from R. Dallam, Deputy PaymasOrdered, That he receive the pay of a Major-General commanding in a separate department, from the 26th day of ter-General, was read; Whereupon, Resolved, That 5,000 Dollars be paid to Gustavus RisApril last, being the time of his resignation, and until a suitable person shall be appointed to take the command in berg, A. Q. M. General, and charged to the account of Richard Dallam, agreeable to the request of the said R. his stead, or it shall be otherwise ordered by Congress. Dallam ; and that the Letter be referred to the Board of Resolved, That Richard Bache be appointed PostmasterTreasury. in the room of General Dr. Franklin, who is absent. Resolved, That Doctor Wilherspoon have leave to take An Appeal having been lodged with the Secretary against with him to Princeton, Archibald Gardiner, James Hender-
the sentence passed in the Court of Admiralty, for the Port of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, on the libel
"John Barry, qui tarn, &.C., vs. the Sloop Betsey, &tc.," Ordered, That it be referred to a Committee of Five, and that the said
Committee be empowered
mine upon the said appeal: The Members chosen, Mr. Wythe, son,
to hear
and deter-
Mr. Paine, Mr. Wil-
Mr. Hooper, and Mr. Rutledge.
Resolved, That the Resolution passed the 14th October last, that the allowance to Officers of 1 1-3 Dollar forinlisting soldiers be not extended or given on the reinlistment of the soldiers
in
camp, be repealed, and the same henceforth
allowed.
The Board
of
War
brought
in
a Report, which was taken
into consideration;
Whereupon, Resolved, 1. That 266 2-3 Dollars be advanced to Captain Francis Holland, and 133 1 -3 Dollars to Captain Robert Harris, both of the Maryland Flying-Camp, they to be respectively accountable to the Council of Safety of that State
son, Peter Jack, and Hugh Ross, four of the prisoners lately sent to Philadelphia, and there to keep them till the further
orders of Congress.
The Committee appointed to devise means for preventing the evils to be apprehended from the internal enemies of the United States, and hindering them from carrying on correspondence with the foreign enemies to the said States, brought in a Report, which was read Ordered, That the consideration thereof be postponed to :
Monday
A
next.
Paul Christman, Ensign in Captain William Keyser's Company, from Maryland, in the German Battalion, was read, praying for leave to resign his commission
Petition from
:
Resolved, That leave be granted.
The Committee
of Treasury reported, there ought to be advanced to Colonel Valentine Crawford, one of the executors of the late Colonel Hugh
That
Dollars: sums, which are to be for the use of, and charged Stevenson, on account of his estate, 100 That there is due to the following Canadian Prisoners, account of, their respective Companies: and to be paid to Captain Chartier de Lotbinier, 253 30-90th 2. That 1,1 10 3-4 Dollars be advanced to Captain Alexander Lawson Smith, of the late Colonel Stevenson's Rifle Dollars, viz To Captain Lotbinier, for his allowance, from the 2d of Regiment, to pay the Subsistence money of, and to enable him to advance a month's pay to, the said Company: November, 1775, to the 31st of October, 1776, being 52 3. That Commissions be sent to General weeks, at 2 Dollars, 104 Dollars; of which he received from for Schuyler, Colonel Elmore's Regiment, to be filled up according to the General Schuyler, 14 60-90th Dollars; remainder to be paid ranks and times of service of the officers of the said Regi- to him, 89 30-90th Dollars: To Mons. Tonancour, for his allowance, from the 2d Noment; the General making such arrangements therein as he and think shall vember, 1775, to the 31st October, 1776, 52 weeks, at 2 just proper: Dollars, 104 Dollars: 4. That Commissions be also sent to General to Schuyler, To Mons. Dochambault, for his allowance, from the 31st be filled up with the names of the Officers yet unprovided of have served in who to their ranks August to the 8th of November being 10 weeks, at 2 Canada, according for, and merits, to complete Colonel Livingston's Regiment Dollars, 20 Dollars To Mons. Fleurimont, for his allowance, from the 31st of 5. That General Schuyler, agreeable to his request, have to repair to Congress, as soon as he shall be of August to the 8th of November, 10 weeks, at 2 Dollars, 20 permission Dollars: opinion the service will admit of his absence from his deTo Mons. St. Ours, for his allowance, from the 31st of partment 6. That General Schuyler be informed that Congress have August to the 8th of November, 10 weeks, at 2 Dollars, 20 Dollars: repeatedly applied to Maryland on the subject of the NanOrdered, That the said Accounts be paid. tifcoke Indian,?, without having received an answer; that Resolved, That a Committee of Three be appointed to application shall again be made, and information given him of the result: consider and report under what restrictions the Sutlers, who 7. That General Schuyler be allowed to Clothsuch give supply the Army, should be laid, and that the motions made ing to the Indians as he shall think can be spared for that by Mr. Gerry, and seconded, be referred to this Committee: The Members chosen, Mr. Gerry, Mr. Wythe, and Mr. purpose: 8. That the Deputy Mustermaster-General, in the North- Wolcolt.
for the said
to the
:
,
:
:
:
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1565
A
James Budden and T. Lawrence was
Petition from
read, requesting leave to export Provisions to Turk's Island, in order to bring from thence a load of Salt:
Resolved, That leave be granted. The Board of War brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration
Whereupon,
;
Resolved, That Mynheer N. D. Ottendorf be appointed a Brevet Captain in the service of the United States. Resolved, That Tuesday next be assigned for taking into consideration the trade of these States. Resolved, That the sum of 2,666 2-3 Dollars be advanced to the Committee appointed to contract they to be accountable.
for
casting
Cannon
;
Letter from Tench Coxe, at Trenton, to John Tabor Kempe, Esq., of New- York, was laid before Congress, and leave requested to forward the same in order to obtain the
who
is
detained a prisoner by the
enemy on Long-Island: Resolved, That this matter be referred to the Board of
War: That
the Delegates of
New-Jersey be directed to cause be made through what channel Mr. Kempe conveyed the intelligence mentioned in the foregoing Letter. Resolved, That 120 Dollars be advanced to Captain George Gibson, of the First Virginia Battalion, he to ac-
count with the Paymaster-General on the settlement of Accounts.
A
his
Letter from James Sullivan was read, and referred to
the Board of War.
The
several matters to this
Adjourned
to ten o'clock
day referred being postponed,
to-morrow.
Saturday,
November
great
American cause: It is therefore recommended
to the Governour, Council, and Assembly of the State o( New-Jersey, to take the most speedy and effectual measures to stop all communication between that State and the enemy's quarters, that shall not
be directed by proper authority. Memorial from Lawrence Bowden, late Master of the ship Royal Exchange, taken by the ship-of-war Columbus,
was presented to Congress and read Ordered, That it be referred to the Marine Committee. Resolved, That Congress will, on Tuesday next, resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole, to take into consideration the means of supporting the credit of the Continental :
Currency.
The
A
Letter of the 3d, from Timothy Danielson, Chairman Committee of the General Assembly of the State of Massachusetts-Bay, appointed to officer and inlist seven
of a
Battalions out of the officers and soldiers
in
the Continental
near White-Plains, with sundry Papers enclosed, was
read:
to ten o'clock
day referred being postponed, on Monday. Monday, November
A
11, 1776.
Letter, of the 6th, from General
Washington; one, of from Brigadier-General Mercer; and one from Richard Bache, Esq., were read. Ordered, That the two former be referred to the Board of War, and the latter to the Board of Treasury. Resolved, That Colonel James Livingston have leave to recruit his Regiment in any of the United States. the
feth,
Noel Romand, Sieur de Lisle, a Corps of Artillery in the service of France, was
Petition from Charles
Captain
in
read.
Ordered, That
it
be referred to the Board of War.
Resolved, That the Board of War be empowered and directed immediately to confer with the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania, or a Committee by them appointed, on the best ways and means of defending the City of Philadelphia, in case it should be attacked. Resolved, That the Committee of the Treasury, or either of them, be empowered to administer Oaths to persons whom they shall examine or employ of Congress.
in
executing the Resolutions
The Committee
to whom the Letter from Timothy Danand the Papers enclosed therein, were referred, brought a Report, which was taken into consideration ; and, after
Ordered, That the same be referred to a Committee of
ielson,
:
The Members
chosen, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Rutledge, and
in
Mr. Wythe.'
debate,
Resolved, That two months' Pay be advanced to Captain Ottendorf, and that he be ordered to repair to Head-Quarters, near the White-Plains, and put himself under the com-
poned.
Resolved, That the further consideration thereof be post-
The
mand
of General Washington. The Committee of Treasury reported, that there
is
due,
Robert Towers, Commissary, for sundry articles purchased by him by direction of the Board of War, and to be charged to the account of the said Board, 526 74-90th :
That 3,280 Dollars be advanced to Captain Casdorp, to pay the arrearages due to his company of Carpenters sent to Ticondcroga, for
which he
is
to
account:
That 50,000 Dollars be sent to Richard Dallam, Deputy Paymaster-General for the Flying-Camp he to be account;
able:
Ordered, That the said sums be paid.
The Committee
appointed to consider
who supply the Army, ought Report,* which was read and, alter ;
some debate thereon, 'Report of the Committee
relative to the Sutlers.
VEMBER
his Deputies, who shall be stationed in such different parts of the as may be most convenient for supplying the troops.
A rmy
That he keep constantly posted at his stores, and also recorded, the prices to be given by the soldiers for the goods supplied by the Deputy Sutlers, to which the soldiers may recur for preventing impositions. That he keep an account of the articles delivered to his Deputies, and direct them once a week to make return of such as have been sold; together with the money arising from the sale; and also of the articles remaining on hand, as often as the Sutler shall judge it necessary.
Rum
That or other Spirits shall not be supplied to any non-commission officer or soldier without permit from the commanding officer ol his respective company. That the Deputy Sutlers shall once a month present a list of debts to them from the soldiers to the Paymasters of their respective regiments, who shall make the proper stoppages and discharge the
due
same.
and report under
restrictions the Sutlers,
to be laid, brought in a
several matters to this day referred being postponed, to ten o'clock to-morrow.
Adjourned
To
what
several matters to this
Adjourned
A
Ordered, That he repair to the Northern Army, at Ticonderoga, and put himself under the command of General Schuyler.
Dollars
Monday.
the
9, 1776.
Resolved, That two months' Pay, being 250 Dollars, be to Brigadier-General Roche de Fermoy, he to be accountable.
Three
to
Congress having received intelligence that a free and open communication and correspondence is kept up with the enemy on Staten-Island and New-York, from Elizabethtown, Newark, and the parts adjacent, to the detriment of
advanced
Army
1566
Resolved, That the farther consideration thereof be post-
poned
inquiry to
strict
1776.
A
A
release of Mrs. Lewis,
11,
Brought in and read,
NO-
10, 1776.
Resohed, That a Sutler be appointed for the Army at New-York, whose business it shall be to provide at the cheapest rate for the soldiers, supplies of such necessary articles as the General shall direct. for this purpose he be supplied with Money by the General's warrant on the Paymaster, and provide such a number of Assistants and Deputies ns the General shall direct; each of whom to be approved by the General, and allowed the pay and rations of a That to the cost, transportation, and other expenses of the articles
full
That
which he shall purchase, be added ten per cent. That from his general store, he shall order supplies
to
be delivered to
That the Sutler invest the receive from the Deputies, in
money which from time to time be new supplies for the Army.
shall
That should any of his Deputies be detected in taking for goods a higher price than he shall have affixed thereto, or neglect to adjust their accounts as before directed, the same be by him forthwith removed. That he make monthly payment to his Deputies of the salaries allowed them by Congress, and be himself allowed the pay and rations of a That he adjust his accounts at theend of the campaign with the Commissioner of Accounts, or oflener if they shall judge it necessary, and charge therein the salary granted as aforesaid. That on a final settlement of his accounts he return to the Paymaster
sums supplied him from the military chest, and deliver to such person as the General shall appoint, the balance arising by profits on the sale of goods, to be distributed amongst the widows of such non-commission officers and soldiers as may have lost their lives in the Army the
during the ensuing campaign. That he take an oalh to the faithful discharge of his duty.
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1567
Tuesday, November
Morris, from Samuel Smith, Mashis passage to Phil-
The Committee
Pierce, and carried into Bedford, in Massachusetts-Say,) dated Bedford Port, November 1, was laid before Congress and read:
of Treasury reported, that there is due, Stultx, for Iron-work, and repairing a Conti-
nental light-wagon, 12 60-90th Dollars:
To John Tyler, for Bayonet-Scabbards, and repairing Arms for the
To
German Battalion, 82 30-90th Dollars: Mons. Lotbinier, a Canadian Chaplain,
for his pay and rations, from 10th of October to 10th of November, 41 30-90th Dollars: To Doctor Beaumont, a prisoner of the Twenty-Sixth Regiment, for his allowance from 21st July to 3d November, inclusive, being 15 weeks, at 2 Dollars a week, 30 Dol-
lars:
To
William
a prisoner, of the Fifty-Ninth allowance from 21st July to 3d November, Regiment, inclusive, being 15 weeks, at two dollars a week, 30 Dol-
M'Lcod,
for his
lars
:
That
there is to be paid to Daniel du Chemin, for the allowance due to Monsieurs Hertel, Giasson, and la Magdalaine, Canadian prisoners, from the 1st August to 6th November, inclusive, being 14 weeks, at 2 Dollars a week,
Dollars each, 84 Dollars. there should be paid to Joel Zane, for the allowance due to Lieutenant Heimar, of the Seventh Regiment,
28
That
from 20th July to
1st November, inclusive, being 15 weeks, week, 30 Dollars and to Captain &van, of the Twenty-Sixth Regiment, from 21st June to 1st November, being 19 weeks, at 2 Dollars, 38 Dollars; the whole
2 Dollars
a
;
Hancock &f Adams, (who, on adelphia, was taken by the Gamecock Island,
1
for himself,
12-90th Dollar:
To Thomas sioners for the
That
Smith,
for
Paper
for the use
of the
Commis-
New-York Department, 15 78-90th Dollars. Rush 625 Dollars
there should be paid to Doctor
months' advance pay to Brigadier-General Thompson, who is to be accountable. .Ordered, That the said Accounts be paid. for five
The Committee
of Treasury, to
whom
that part of the
and Memorial of John Brown, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Regiment commanded by Colonel Elmore, praying that his extraordinary services in Canada, last year, may be considered, was referred, brought in a Report,* which was Petition
read:
Ordered,
To
lie
on the
table.
Report on so much of Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN BROWN'S Petition and Memorial as prays that his extraordinary services in CANADA last year
may
be considered.
[Read
in
Rhode-
The Board
of War, to
whom
a request from the State of
Virginia was referred, brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration: Whereupon, Resolved, That the demands of the Continent for Cannon are at present of so pressing a nature that none can be spared for the particular use of any State but, as soon as a sufficient quantity of Ordnance is supplied to the United States, the request of the State of Virginia, to be permitted to purchase Cannon at Hughes's Works, shall be complied with. That Monsieur Romand de Lisle be appointed a Major of Artillery in the service of the United States, and sent to General Washington, to be employed as he shall think ;
proper.
A
Petition from James M'Connaughy was read: Ordered, That it be referred to the Board of War.
A
Memorial from Azariah Dunham was read Ordered, That it be referred to the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania. Letter of the 9th, from General Washington, enclosing one of the 31st of October from General Gates, at Ticon:
A
dcroga, was read.
Congress resumed the consideration of the Report of the
James Budden,
and others of the LightHorse, their expenses as an escort with money to New- York, 82 Dollars, and for his expenses with General Prescot from Reading to Philadelphia, 24 42-90th Dollars; both sums making 106 42-90th Dollars: To William JVoodhouse, for Wafers for the use of Congress,
privateer, of
commanded by Timothy
Ordered, That it be referred to the Secret Committee, and that they report the cargo on board the Hancock If Adams, and how it ought to be disposed of.
Dollars:
To
Congress, November 12, 1776: Ordered to
The Committee
lie
on the
table.]
whom
that part of the Petition and Memorial of Jo/i7i Brown, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Regiment commanded by Colonel Elmore, praying that his extraordinary services in Canada last year may be considered, was referred, have examined the matter thereof, and report, That, according to the narrative of Colonel Jirown, contained in his letter to Major-General Schuijler, he performed many valuable services in Canada; that he was insirumental in procuring useful intelligence of the number and strength of the British forces and armed vessels there, and of the inclinations and designs of the inhabitants and savages; that he cut off the communication between St. John's and the to
circumjacent country, surprised La Prairei, took Chamble, captivated prisoners, and seized stores and other things, and that during the whole campaign he was almost continually in some active employment by night as well as by day, suffering much fatigue and hardship, and frequently exposed to dangers. That these allegations are in some measure supported partly by letters to Congress from the late Brigsdier-General Montgomery, dated the 19th and 24th of S -pttmber, 6th and 20th of October, 3d of .\m-ember, and 5th of December, 1775, with the articles of capitulation at Chamble, when it was surrendered , and partly by a certificate signed by Colonels James Livingston and Timothy Bedel, Major Robert Cockran and Captains Gcnhnm finite and William Sutterlee. That on the eighth day of November, 1775, the Congress in their instructions to the gentlemen appointed to repair to Ticonileroga, authorized them, among other things, to " assure Major Brown and Major Livingston that Congress had a just sense of their important services, and would take the first proper oppor-
them." But it appears to the Committee, that if Colonel Brown be rewarded in by promotion military rank, which is supposed to have been designed tunity to reward
that assurance, his eyesight is so impaired by the cold weather last winter, that he will not be able to perform the duty of his office, unless it be in some It is therefore, stationary post. upon the whole matter, submitted to Congress to determine whether any further provision ought to be made for him, or in what other manner, he havints and _ P /2 ^ Captain Lieutenant Master.
Mons. Romand de Lisk, who, on the 1 2th, was appoint.. c . i" ed a Major ol Artillery, thinking that appointment mad.
'.
.
.
.
,
.
equate to his merit and abilities, and requesting to be sent to General Washington, that he may have an opportunity of
m
.
.
..
'
The Secret Committee having reported, that the cargo to the Continent, imported in the Hancock & belonging ., e f ., --,1 f '
.
,
,
.
.
,
consisted of the following articles, viz
Adams,
:
72
chests of
Arms, 31 1 barrels of Gunpowder, 338 pigs of Lead, 9 casks of Gun-Flints, 1 case of Pins, 133 barrels Tin-Plates, 5 cases of Iron-Wire, 70 casks of Saltpetre, and 10 bales of Merchandise
Congress That every part of the merchandise on board the said Ship, that is now wanted for the use of the Army, be apphed to that use and that the Secret Committee inform General Miffiin, the Quartermaster-General, thereof and enclose him an order for the immediate delivery of all such * :
,
Parls
.
,
I*
as
and of lhe fiftb Qf , owest denomination witb purp e . .
, ... , n ^ T ,., , , Petition from Joseph Dean, Matthew Irmn, John
A Du " hlP>
.
,
,
Harueson, was read ^Benjamin ,t be referred to the Board of War. That Ordered,
Dr
:
Ludwig having been duly examined on the of Surgery and Medicine, and recommended as duly practice Charles
-
qualified,
:
That
10
None.
|
20
Commanders,
for
8)1 9 12
Captain's Clerk Steward
,
Whereupon,
Resolved, That a Bounty of
head
8%
8^
,
Congress took into consideration the Report of the Marine Comm.ttee, to whom that part of the Report of the Marine Committee relative to the pay and rank of the Marine was recoiTim.tted
9 9 12 9 10
"f
it
i
g^.'.".;.'.'.'.'::.'.'.";. ~
Cook
tions of the Secret
the publick service. The Committee of Treasury reported, that there is due, To the Trustees for the Poo,- of Frederick County, , j j j / o un* j f f for board and attendance of sick Soldiers of the Maryland, ** j rr, i* co on nr> r in Continental service. 58 30-90th DolMaryland Iroops f AT- A ; IT lars, to be paid to Nicholas Hower : rr T\ \7i H/ r r j i j lo Dr. Nicholas Way for medicine, attendance, lod That there should be paid to Richard Bache, Esq., Postmaster-General, as an advance, for the use of the Post Office,
2,666 60-90th Dollars: Ordered, That the said sums be paid.
Three Millions of
Dollars, on
December 26, 1775. Resolved, That 20,000 Dollars be advanced to the Com-
That 4,000 Dollars be advanced for the use of his Battalion
That
the Board of
War
;
he
to
to Colonel Hausegger, be accountable :
be directed to order the
German
Battalion to march immediately, and join General
ington
Wash-
:
That the
Board write
said
to
Governour Henry, of Vir-
ginia, and request him to order the Light-Horse, in the service of that Stale, to march with all possible expedition, to
General Washington: the said Board order Brigadier-General Roche de Fermoy to repair immediately to General Washington, instead of going to the northward.
join
missoners appointed by the Convention of Maryland, to raise Troops; they to be accountable.
Resolved, That General Mifflin be directed to stay in the City of Philadelphia until General Washington shall require his attendance at the camp, and that General Washington be informed of this by the President. Resolved, That Congress will, to-morrow, resolve itself Committee of the Whole, to take into consideration the state of the Army. into a
The
their quota of
The
1582
That
Resolved, That by any thing heretofore done, it is not intended to prejudice or strengthen the right or claim of the United States, or any of them, to any Lands in America, nor to determine in what proportion or manner the expenses of the war shall be raised or adjusted, except as to the first Three Millions of Dollars emitted by Congress, and a farther emission of
26, 1776.
several matters to this day referred being postponed, to ten o'clock to-morrow.
Adjourned
several matters to this day referred being postponed, to ten o'clock on Monday.
Adjourned
Tuesday, November 26, 1776.
Monday, November
25, 1776.
A
Letter, of the 23d, from General Washington, at ark, was read : Ordered, That it be referred to a Committee of the
New-
Whole;
that
Congress then resolved
Whole
;
and, after
itself into
a
Committee of the
some
time, the President resumed the Nelson reported, that the Committee have
and Mr. had under consideration the Letter referred to them, and have heard Brigadier-General Mifflin* on the subject; and thereupon came to sundry Resolutions, which he was ordered chair,
to report; but, that not sired leave to sit again.
having come to a conclusion, de-
The
Resolutions reported from the Committee of the Whole, being read, were agreed to as follows: Resolved, That the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania, be requested to call forth immediately the Associators in the City and Liberties of Philadelphia, and in the Counties of
Philadelphia, Chester, Bucks, and Northampton, to continue in the service of the United States six weeks from the time they join the gress
Army,
unless sooner discharged by
Con-
:
That States
Letter, of the 8th, from George Morgan, at Pittsburg, and one, of the 2lst, from the Council of of
Mary-
Safety
land,
General Mijlin, who brought the Letter, be desired to attend the said Committee.
and
A
were read.
Resolved, That 1,000 Dollars be advanced to Robert Erivin, Wagonmaster-General, for the publick service ; he to be accountable.
Congress being informed that some persons in the City of Philadelphia, governed by principles inimical to the cause of America, and with views of avarice and extortion, have
monopolized and engrossed Shoes, Stockings, and other neArmy, whilst the Soldiers of the Continent,
cessaries for the
fighting for the liberties of their country, are exposed to the injuries of the weather, at this inclement season :
Resolved, That it be recommended to the Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania, to adopt such immediate measures for remedying this evil, as their wisdom shall suggest to be adequate to the present purpose, and for preventing like pernicious practices for the future.
The Board
of
War brought
into consideration
:
a Report, which
in
was taken
Whereupon,
Resolved, That a Regiment of Artillery, to be armed with muskets and bayonets, instead of fusees, be raised in the State of Virginia, on Continental establishment the ;
who shall enroll to serve the United of March next, shall, nevertheless, be
the Volunteers to the
10th
discharged as soon as the situation of publick affairs will possibly admit; it being the intention of Congress to detain them no longer than the present emergency shall render it absolutely necessary That 35,000 Dollars be advanced :
to the Council of Safety of Ptnnsylva nia, for the publick service the said State to be accountable :
CHARLES THOMSON, respecting the position, &fc., Sfc., of the AMERICAN Troops. Newark with 3,500; the whole on this side under 6,000, and
'Memorandum
by
G. M. at on the east side 11,000.
can send 15,000, leaving sufficient whole force 21,000 effective. He has taken vessels of shallow drawing, to carry 10,000. Dob Ferry hazardous. Peek's Kill. General Lee proposed not to move any from White-Plains, but to order 2,000 for General Heath's divisional Peek's Kill. At least 10,000 necessary to be sent to reinforce G. W. Best place of rendezvous Princeton. These, added to the present force, apprehended to be sufficient. Fourteen pieces brass artillery on this side. At least two hundred pieces. Want a further supply of Artillery-men, not less than 500. Body of Horse essentially necessary. Great losses for want of them. Clothing wretched. General want of blankets, stockings, and slioes; none in store. Loss in d. M. General at Fort Lee, small; company of Artillery large, viz: cannon, mortars, and first stores. General Bell's brigade loss whole baggage. Two thousand barrels of flour. Clothing of Colonel Hand's battalion. Two thousand barrels in Fort Washington. Many stragglers of regiment broke coming on with arms. Hand lost one hundred of his men at Fort Washington. Great comSick removed to and other plaints respecting Surgeons. Springfield towns in rear of jfeteark. Number of disaffected in neighbourhood of Army. Captain Waters, of Smallwood's, lost for want of timely assistance. Great complaint for want of pay, but often without cause. Arms to the eastward not yet sent for proper sta General Mifflin has it in orders from General W. to inform Congress it will be absolutely necessary to call some of the General Officers to Congress, to confer on the regulations of the Army for the next camFive hundred thousand musket-carlridges to be got ready and paign. sent forward as fast to garrison, 6,000
General
now on
//.
this side river;
two Companies already raised there to be part of the said Regiment which is to be composed of one Colonel, one Lieutenant-Colonel, one Major, and ten Companies, each to consist of one Captain, three Lieutenants, one Sergeant, four ;
Bombardiers, eight Gunners, four Corporals, and forty-eight Matrasses.
Resolved, That 1,150 Dollars be paid to Gerard Wm. or order, and charged to the account of Richard
Beekman,
Dallam, Esq., Deputy Paymaster-General, the same being in full of a draft of the said R. Dallam on R. Peters, Esq., Secretary of the Board of War, in favour of the said Gerard Win. Beekman, dated New-Brunswick, November 15th, 1776.
Mr. jP. Lewis, Jun., having informed Congress that he cannot, consistent with his private engagements, undertake to be a Manager of the Lottery, and desiring he may be excused from that service, Resolved, That he be excused pointed
The
in his
room
;
and
that another be ap-
:
Dr. David Jackson was That the Committee, who brought scheme of the Lottery, confer with the Managers ballots being taken,
Ordered,
in
order that they
may proceed on
elected. in
the
thereof,
that business.
Congress resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole, to take into consideration the state of the Army ; and after some time spent thereon, the President resumed the chair,
and Mr. Nelson reported, that the Committee have had under consideration the matter to them referred, and have come to sundry Resolutions, which he was ordered to lay before Congress.
The
Resolutions reported from the Committee of the
Whole, being read, were agreed
to as follows:
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1583
1584
27, 1776.
Resolved, That the Cannon Committee be directed to of Cannon are on board the prize-ship inquire what quantity
communicating
that arrived yesterday in the Port of Philadelphia; and, if they are fit for Field-Artillery, to take measures to have
14th and 27th of August last. The Members chosen, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Mr. 5. Adams.
them mounted on proper carriages, and sent to General Washington : That the Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania be requested to give immediate direction, that the brass Fieldor the Field-pieces pieces, with the Artillery companies, if there be no such Companies belonging to this State, singly, be, with all possible expedition, sent to General Washington's Army in New-Jersey, and that they be assured that, as soon as the situation of our affairs will admit, they shall be returned, or others in lieu of the said Field-pieces: That Mr. Mease, the Continental Commissary in
the
City of Philadelphia, be directed to go to the several shops and stores, in the said city, and purchase, for the use of the Army of the United States, such articles as are necessary for them, at this and the approaching season of the year ; and that he be empowered to employ as many persons as
judge necessary to assist him in this service the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania be requested, with all possible expedition, to cause application to be made to the House-keepers and others in the said State, for as many Blankets and Woollen Stockings as each can spare for the use of the Soldiers under the immediate command of General Washington, in New- Jersey ; and that they be
he
shall
:
That
delivered, as fast as collected, to
nental
Commissary That it be recommended
Mr. J. Mease, the Conti-
:
Council of Safety to appoint persons to appraise the Blankets and Woollen Stockings, so collected as aforesaid, that the value of them may be paid That the Committee, who are sent to the Camp, be directed to make particular inquiry into the abuses in the Medical Department iu the Army, and report thereon to to the said
:
Congress.
The
several matters to this
Adjourned
to ten o'clock
day referred being postponed,
to-morrow.
Wednesday, November
27, 1776.
A
Memorial from Thomas Denef was read: Ordered, That it be referred to the Board of War. The Board of War brought in a Report, which was taken into consideration
Resolved,
Whereupon, That Congress appoint the :
Officers of the Artil-
to be raised in Virginia. lery Battalion, agreed
A
Memorial from John Sergeant was read Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee on the Letter from Thomas Cashing, Esq.,* and that the Report on that subject by them made, be recommitted. Petition and
:
Resolved, That the Delegates from the four New-England Governments be directed to take the most effectual measures to have, at least, 10,000 pair of Shoes, and 10,000 in those States, and sent forpair of Stockings, purchased ward to General Washington's Head-Quarters, with all
possible expedition, for the
use of the soldiers under his
command. That a Committee of Three be appointed to procure a translation into the German language of the Treaty between the Courts of London and Hesse, for Troops to be employed That the said Committee be fully authorized in America. to
pursue means the most effectual
in
their
judgment
for
*Rcport of the Committee appointed to consider of the Letter from THOMAS COSHIKG, Esg., concerning the INDIAN Missionaries. [ Recommitted November 27, 1776.] The Committee to whom the Letter from Thomas Gushing, Esquire, was referred, have examined the matter thereof, and come to the following Resolutions thereupon, viz: Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Committee that Mr. Samuel Kirkland and Mr. *laron Crosby, whom the Commissioners at Boston, appointed by the Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Indians, had employed as Missionaries for that purpose, the former at Oneida, and the other at Onaqunuglie, be continued in their offices one year from the expiration of that for which they are now engaged; and that each of them be allowed a salary of four hundred and sixteen dollars and twothirds of a dollar, equal to one hundred pounds sterling, to be reimbursed by the said Commisisioners when they shall receive money sufficient from the said Society. Revolted, That it is the opinion of this Committee, that the United States ought not to contribute to the support of a Missionary to the Mohekon Indians, of whom some reside at Ktackbridge, in tiie State of Massachusetts-Bay, and others, at several places in the State of New-York.
to the Hessians the said Treaties, and for the views of Congress in their Resolves of the accomplishing
R. H. Lee, and
Ordered, That the Secret Committee take proper and measures to procure a quantity of Hard Money, not less than 20,000 Dollars, to be lodged in the hands of effectual
the Commander-in-Chief, for
the
purpose of secret
ser-
vices.
The Committee who were appointed, in conjunction with the Council of Safety of Pennsylvania, to examine Bcssonet and his Bar-keeper, having reported, that after the most against Mr. Besand that the Council of Safety and said Committee are of opinion he ought to be discharged diligent inquiry, they find nothing proved
sonet,
:
cil
Ordered, That the said Committee inform the said Counof Safety, that Congress have no objection to their dis-
charging Mr. Bessonct.
The Committee appointed to repair to the Northern Army, having returned, made a Report,* which was read Ordered, That the same, together with the Papers ac:
companying
it,
be referred to a Committee of Five, and that sit from day to day, and
the said Committee, be directed to
report as soon as possible to Congress. The Members chosen, Mr. S. Adams,
Mr. Clymer, Mr.
Livingston, Mr. Wythe, and Mr. Harrison.
Resolved, That the sum of 2,500 Dollars be paid to Mr. Livingston, and charged to the account of Jonathan Trumlull, Jun., Esq., Deputy Paymaster-General, the
Abraham
same being
in full
of his draft
in
favour of the said
A. Liv-
ingston, dated Albany, 14th November, 1776. *
Report of the Committee sent
to the
Northern Department.
[That supplying the Army by contract is practicable. Estimates and calculations by General Gates, Sclmyler, and for articles, &c., enclosed. Read and referred to Committee of Five, 27 November, 1776.]
The Committee
appointed by Congress to go to Ticonderoga, beg leave all possible information in their power respecting the nature and extent of the important subject of supplying the Northern Army by contract, they (your Committee) are of opinion, that at present the measure cannot be adopted under any idea of promoting the publick service. Your Committee have entered into this subject in conversation with your present Commissary-General, and with your Majors-General Schuyler and Gates, and also with two gentlemen who offered themselves as contractors. The lowest terms on which a contract could be obtained have been fully considered by your Committee, and after the most exact calculations, have been compared with the present mode of supplying the Army; the result of all which, in the opinion of your Committee, is, that the mode ought to be present continued, under such farther regulations as snail appear proper to be to report, that after having obtained
made: and your Committee beg leave to recommend your present Commissary-General as one of the most diligent and able officers, and by any means to be retained in your service. Your Committee also beg
leave further to report, that they have visited the General Hospital for the Northern Army, situated at Fort George; that there is a range of buildings erected convenient for the purpose, which on theSOth of October last contained about four hundred sick, including those wounded and sent from General Arnold's fleet; that they were sufficiently supplied with fresh mutton and Indian meal, but wanted vegetables; that the Director-General in that department obtained a large supply of medicines, but that the sick suffered much for want of good female nurses and comfortable bedding; many of those poor creatures being obliged to lay upon the bare boards. Your Committee endeavoured 10 procure straw as the best temporary expedient; but they earnestly recommend it to the attention of Congress, that a quantity of bedding be speedily furnished, Hospital, in the opinion of your agreeable to a note in paper No. 1. Committee, should be continued at Fort George, for the reception of persons infected with contagious disorders; but your Committee are clearly of opinion that the General Hospital for the Army stationed at Tyconderoga ought to be erected on the opposite grounds, called Mount Independence, Fort George being at much too great a distance. Your Commitlee recommend that a quantity of vegetables be sent to Tycondcrnga , without delay, agreeable to a note in paper No. 2. And also, they are of opinion, that extensive gardens should next spring be made on Mount Independence, from whence the Army might be supplied with vegetables at a much more certain and less expensive rate than otherwise. Your Committee cannot omit mentioning under this head, the complaints which they have received from persons of all ranks, in and out of the Army, respecting the neglect and ill-treatment of the sick. It is shocking to the feelings of humanity, as well as ruinous to the publick service, that so deadly an evil hath been so long without a remedy. Your Committee do not undertake to determine from what quarter this mischief hath arisen; but they most earnestly recommend that a strict inquiry be immediately made into the conduct of the several Directors-General of Hospitals, their Surgeons, other officers and servants, and that exemplary punishment be inflicted on all such as shall be found to have
A
neg-
lected their duty.
Your Committee
are also of opinion, that the number of troops, ftve thousand, mentioned in paper No. 2, should be garrisoned and cantoned the Northern in Department during the next winter; and they recommend to the consideration of Congress the other particulars contained in paper No. 2, and also those contained in papers No. 3 and 4, and in an especial manner the note in page 10 of paper No. 3, respecting the building- of some large vessels on Luke Champlain.
Your Committee
also
beg leave
to
recommend
to the
immediate atten-
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, NOVEMBER
1585 An A ppeal
having been lodged against the sentence passed Court of Admiralty for the State of Virginia, on the " Levin libel, Jones, qui tarn, &c., vs. the Sloop Vulcan :" Resolved, That the hearing and determining the said Appeal be referred to Mr. Wythe, Mr. Paine, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Hooper, and Mr. Chase. in the
tion of Congress the subject of their letter to
dated
Many, November
Memorandum
A
10, 1776,
5.
of sundry articles that may be necessary to carry on the in the Northern Jlrmy in the year 1777.
2,000 iron spades. 2,000 iron shovels. 3,000 felling-axes. 500 pick-axes. 1,000 bill-hooks. 200 stone hammers.
,
A, A, A, A, A, A, A,
Mr. Commissary Trumbull,
and marked No.
Works
300 augers, of different sizes. 150 handsaws, adzes, and other carpenters' tools.
200 mason's trowels. 20 crow-bars. 300 broad-axes. 50 iron squares. 100 pair of compasses. 100 pair of framing chisels. 400,000 feet of inch pine board. A large quantity of plank and timber for gun carriages.
30 dozen of files, of different sorts. 40 dozen gimlets. 20 dozen nail hammers. 800,000 lOd. nails. 300,000 6d. do. Ten casks of 20d. nails. Spikes and other nails as the service
may
determine.
a large quantity of bar iron. Steel.
A,
A, 60,000
feet of 3-inch
oak plank,
for platforms.
The following works are most suitable should there be men sent to do it:
to
be done during the winter
Making one hundred
platforms for cannon. 1,000 handbarrowa. Repairing of the old wood axes. Pickaxes, shovels, spades, &c. Making carriages for cannon. To secure the old Fort with plank, by way of blinds to prevent surprise. Building of three block-houses on the southeast part of .Mount Independence.
Building of a block-house east of the old Fort, near the General's Quarters, or back of the store, by the wharf. Building of a block-house on the height of the old French lines. Driving piles through the ice across the Lake, to strengthen the boom.
27, 1776.
Resolved, That three mitlee appointed tures
1586
Members be added
to
the
to revise the Resolutions relative
to
ComCap-
:
The Members
chosen, Mr.
Wilson, Mr.
Hooper and
Mr. Chase Resolved, That
it
be recommended
to the Legislatures
of
The
navigation should be effectually stopped by sinking cassoons at small distances, and joined together by string pieces, so as at the same time to serve for a bridge between the fortifications on the east and west side. This work should be executed in the winter; but as these fortifications would not prevent the enemy from drawing their small craft over land from the Three Mile Point into Lake George, the passage of that lake should be also obstructed, either by cassoons from island to island in the Narrows if practicable, or by floating batteries j Whilst a part of the Army is employed in this service, another body of Iroops should be sent to Fort Stanwix to strengthen that fortification, and to make some others at such places near the Mohawk's river as maybe deemed best for the purpose of retarding the enemy should they make themselves master of Fort Stanwix. And that we may be well prepared and every department put in order, I conceive it necessary that the commanding officers of artillery should be directed to procure every necessary in his department, that we may not have to seek it when the campaign opens. That the Chief Engineer be directed to do the like. That the QuartermasterGeneral do the same; and the like order be given to the CommissaryGeneral. That all the batteaus now on Lake Champlain and Lake George should be put into the best repair as early as in the months of possible, February or March, at farthest. That one hundred batteaus be built in those months at Schenectady. That a quantity of boards and plank should be collected at Fort George. That a sufficiency of pitch, oakum, and whatever may be necessary for building and repairing vessels, floating batteries, or batteaus, be collected and conveyed to Fort George, Fort Jinn, Skenesborough, and Schein the course of the winter. nectady,
That provisions for five thousand men, for eight months, be immediately brought to Jllbany, and carried in winter to Fort Jinn, a like quantity to remain in store at Jllbany, to be sent to the westward, if there be occasion. This is a matter that ought immediately to be attended to, and therefore a sufficient quantity of salt should directly be sent to Jllbany. That a large train of both heavy and light artillery should be sent in the course of the winter, part to remain at Jllbany, and as much as may be necessary for Tyconderoga and Fort to be sent there. This George in winter, at once to save a vast expense and that we may not be embarrassed in the spring with the transportation of articles so
must be done
Memorandum
Works
done near
TTCONDEROGA
next spring. Building a Fort on Mount Independence, with four bastions and a covert way, on the east and south sides. Finish the barbel battery with merlons and close the rear. To repair the old Fort with stone and lime, and build a block-house on the southwest hill across the Lake. JEDUT'N BALDWIN, Engineer in the Northern Jlrmy. of
List of the
to be
wants of the Northern Army.
2,500 officers and soldiers for the winter garrison at Tyconderoga and
Mount
Independence.
2,500 officers and soldiers to be cantoned upon the Mohawk and Hudson's rivers, Jllbany therein included. 2 large floating Batteries to be prepared to be built, one to cover the boom, the other the bridge of communication and to rake the bay on the south side of Tyconderoga. 20 good iron eighteen-pounders, to be sent from Salisbury works as soon as the snow will answer to transport them. 10 brass six-inch howitzers, with shells and an attrail. plan of a good Fort upon Mount Independence to be fixed upon and '
A
As
approved. is an excellent bridge over Otter Creek, at Rutland, and a good road cut from Mount Independence thither, abundant supplies might in the winter be thrown in from the Eastern Governments by that
there
road. recruiting the new establishment be pushed with vigour, when the money wanted and voted the 21st October arrives. The General Hospital for the future to be upon Mount Independence, except in case of a contagious disease. Then that at Fort George to
The
A
be used. quantity of vegetables and antiscorbutics should be sent to Tyconderoga as soon as possible, as the scurvy is apt to be fatal there in the spring of the year without such remedies.
[No.
3.]
ALBANY, November
GENTLEMEN
:
Agreeable to your request,
I
6th, 1776.
do myself the honour to
opinion of what preparations I conceive necesthe ensuing winter, and what measures to be adopted, effectually to prevent the enemy from penetrating into this country by
communicate sary
to
be
to
you
my
made
the northern or western communication. If the enemy are not able to dislodge our troops from Tyconderoga, or the Mohawk river this fall, they will probably attempt an penetrate to expedition in the winter, Canada being able to furnish them with such sleds as will suffice to transport all their artillery and proa number of visions, if their number should be ten thousand ; nor will our garrison of Tyconderoga or Fort George be any obstacles, as they can easily pass by the former in sleds at such a distance as to be out of reach of our cannon, and the latter is too insignificant to make any resistance so as much to It is therefore of the last retard their progress. importance that as much of the Army as can be kept together should be cantoned in the vicinity the will of which be of this place, informed, and it will probably enemy deter them from the attempt; but should they remain quiet in Canada until next spring, it is reasonable to suppose that they will then make the most vigorous exertions to penetrate either by Tyconderoga, or, what Both communications, therefore, is much more likely, by Fart Stanwix.
claim our attention. The fortifications at Tyconderoga should, in my much contracted as possible, and a fort built on Mount opinion, be as near the lake side and the redoubt on the Independence to cover batteries Tyconderoga side, so as that the pass may be defended with a few men.
FIFTH SERIES.
VOL.
III.
extremely
difficult to
move.
That a laboratory should be
established at Jllbany to fix all the ammunition necessary for the campaign. That fifteen companies, to consist of a captain or overseer, and thirty men, be engaged for the batteau service, and to be employed on the highways and other necessary work in the Quartermaster-General's department. It not only ruins soldiers to employ them in such business, and is more expensive, but also weakens the Army too much. That four companies of carpenters, to consist of an overseer and twenty-five each, be engaged to attend the If more are occasionally wanted,
Army. they can be procured in Jllbany or its vicinity. I have taken the liberty to enclose a list of some articles that may be absolutely necessary, as also copies of the orders I have given for the so far as relates to the Commissary Department, receiving, issuing, and delivering provisions. I wish you to mention to Congress the necessity of attending to the request of the Six Nations, respecting the Nantikoke Indians. The giving certificates by officers for carriages employed by them, is the source of much confusion and unnecessary expense. Congress might ascertain the number of carriages that should be allowed to each company, and strictly prohibit the hiring of carriages for the publick service without application to the Quartermaster-General or some of his I have enclosed a draft of an order for the deputies. purpose. The duty of the Paymasters should be clearly pointed out to them. is to appoint Paymasters to those regiments who yet have none? What is to be done with the remainder of Livingston's, Hazen's, and Canadian Duggan's corps, and with the Canadian refugees now in Jllbany ? Are Nicholson's and Elmore's regiments to be completed? if so, who
Who
grant warrants for recruiting them ? bedding for the troops should be sent as soon as possible. Congress has referred the settlement of the accounts of the people engaged in taking Tyconderoga and Crown Point to the Committee of Jllbany; but has not furnished them with the accounts, which I transmitted to Congress last winter, and without *hich, and an account of what money has been paid by the Massachusetts and Connecticut, those accounts cannot be settled. I daily expect some of the Indians; but have nothing to give them. I wish some provision to be made for them. Be so good as to send me a draft of the Schuylkill Ferry scows with I wish to have this as soon as possible. their dimensions. If fulled woollen caps could be procured at Philadelphia, a quantity to the Army. be sent should up The whipsaws which Congress has ordered should be sent up immeis to
The
diately.
Glass for the barracks is much wanted. Although the enemy's fleet on Lake Champlain is formidable, would and strong vessels this winter? If it not be well to construct very large Congress should resolve on doing it, a very large number of carpenters and sent should be guns and carriages provided. up immediately, If shelter can be provided for twenty-five hundred men at Tyconderoga, I propose that number to remain there, four hundred at Fort George, one hundred at Skenesborough, one hundred at Fort Jinn. Barracks are building at Fort Edicard for four hundred, at Saratoga for one thousand. Those in this place will contain about five or six hundred. At Schefor six hundred, about two hundred to be nectady barracks are building kept at John's town and four hundred at Fort Schuyler, making in all about six thousand two hundred men. As the expense in transporting of heavy cannon in wheel carriages amounts to about twenty shillings a mile, the difference in bringing them from Jersey or from Mr. Livingston's furnace, will amount for eighteen-pounders and upwards to about
i
-
,
semc e; he
lck
to be accountable,
Resolved, That Mr. Risberg, the Assistant Quartermaster water to Christiana Philadelphia, be directed to send
by Bridge, the Military Stores sent from the Army, and that they be safely lodged there
farther orders.
till
Resolved, That 5,000 Dollars be advanced to Mr. Carpenter Wharton, for the publick service ; he to be accountable. Resolved, That the Council
vania be
.>
give P ,nnlnvpH
!r
,1
i
P
we
wnt ner her by
r
vi-i i, Ph lladelf hta
r
i
'
>
.
Ian ,er lanrl or water,
the assistance in their power.
all|
.
Resolved, That a Committee of three be appointed to P re P are an Address to the Inhabitants of America, and c 'n'" e ndatmn to the several States, to appoint a day of * fl st'ng, Hunnhation, and Prayer: The Members chosen, Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. R. H. Lee, and Mr. Adams.
^
Resolved, That Mr. J. Mease be empowered and directed to settle and pay the arrears due to Colonel Hay's Battalion of lhe Fl if y 'g-Camp. Resolved, That Thomas de Naif be appointed a Lieutenant of Artillery under Mons. Romand de Lisle.
Resolved, That a Committee of three be appointed to inquire into the state of the Prisoners sent from New- Jersey.
The Members
Wagons:
That
The
Colonel Hausseg^er, in full of his Account for Boards >,,, n i.> r_ ,i,,.'....i.i- i. . bought for the publick service, and for his expenses.
to
in
friends.
"Our
1602
Xr^.
JCou have heard Brothers, aacnems, trainers, Sachems, and Warriors: You what our Commissioners have said to you at Pittsburg by
your own
1776.
9,
ana