CSA B140.9.2-10 - Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves 9781554913381

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B140.9.2-10

Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

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CSA Standards Update Service B140.9.2-10 February 2010 Title: Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves Pagination: 24 pages (vi preliminary and 18 text), each dated February 2010 To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this publication •

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CSA Standard

B140.9.2-10 Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

Published in February 2010 by Canadian Standards Association A not-for-profit private sector organization 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6 1-800-463-6727 • 416-747-4044

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ISBN 978-1-55491-338-1 Technical Editor: Laura Contasti © Canadian Standards Association — 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.

© Canadian Standards Association

Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

Contents Technical Committee on Oil Burning Appliance Standards iv Preface vi 1 Scope 1 2 Reference publications 1 3 Definitions 2 4 General requirements 2 5 Construction requirements 3 5.1 General 3 5.2 Gaskets 4 5.3 Legs 4 5.4 Lighting 4 5.5 Materials 4 5.6 Joints, compounds, and lubricants 4 5.7 Fuel piping and tubing 4 5.8 Burners 5 5.9 Primary air control 5 Orifices and orifice fittings 5 5.10 5.11 Manually operated valves 5 5.12 Cooking tops, top covers, and grates 6 5.13 Refillable fuel tank 6 6 Instructions 7 7 Marking 9 8 Tests 11 8.1 General 11 8.2 Rated input capacity 12 8.3 Carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide 12 8.4 Gasket material 14 8.5 Unburned hydrocarbons 14 Burner operation characteristics 15 8.6 8.7 Resistance to wind 15 8.8 Temperature test 15 8.9 Corrosion resistance 17 8.10 Hydrostatic pressure 17 8.11 Pressurizing device closures 17 8.12 Overfilling of tanks 17 8.13 Marking material adhesion and legibility 18 8.14 Permanently attached marking tags 18 Figures 1 — Boxed warnings 8 2 — Cast iron griddle plate used in combustion tests 13 3 — Enclosure for temperature test 16

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Technical Committee on Oil Burning Appliance Standards R. Smith

RS Consulting, Whitby, Ontario

Chair

T. Begoske

Field Controls LLC, Brighton, Michigan, USA

Vice-Chair

C. Baumgartner

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Ottawa, Ontario

B. Blouin

UTC Canada Corporation, Division ICP, Sherbrooke, Québec

H. Bouchard

Corporation des maîtres mécaniciens en tuyauterie du Québec, Montréal, Québec

K. Cabrera

The Coleman Company Inc., Wichita, Kansas, USA

R. Cane

Caneta Research, Mississauga, Ontario

M. Grandi

Riello Canada Incorporated, Mississauga, Ontario

E. Grzesik

Ontario Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure, Toronto, Ontario

A. Hayden

Integrated Energy Systems, SBC CETCO, Ottawa, Ontario

A. Herzon

Nordyne Inc., O’Fallon, Missouri, USA

K. Johnson

Newmac Manufacturing Incorporated, Debert, Nova Scotia

P. McKay

Brampton, Ontario

R. Mossavi

Viessmann Manufacturing Company Inc., Waterloo, Ontario

P. Rizcallah

National Research Council Canada, Canadian Codes Centre, Ottawa, Ontario

M. Robinet

ECR International Ltd., Olsen Division, Wallaceburg, Ontario

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Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

February 2010

© Canadian Standards Association

Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

P. Scott

Central Yukon Region Consumer & Protective Services, Whitehorse, Yukon

D. Stewart

Nova Scotia Department of Environment and Labour, Halifax, Nova Scotia

R. Storey

Delaur Ltd., Oakville, Ontario

R. Sumabat

Technical Standards & Safety Authority (TSSA), Toronto, Ontario

J. Willey

Superior Energy Systems, Derby, Kansas, USA

Associate

L. Contasti

Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, Ontario

Project Manager

February 2010

Associate

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Preface This is the second edition of CSA B140.9.2, Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves. It supersedes the previous edition, published in 1975. It is the second in a series of Standards covering minimum requirements for safe operation, acceptable performance, design, construction, manufacturing, marking, and testing of portable, liquid-fuel-burning appliances. The other Standards in the series are (a) CSA B140.9.1, Portable liquid fuelled catalytic appliances; and (b) CSA B140.9.4, Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled lamps and lanterns. Safe and satisfactory use of portable, liquid-fuelled appliances depends in part on correct operation and the burning of appropriate fuel. Although these appliances do not require installation and are generally self-contained, the intent and the definitions of the latest edition of CSA B139, Installation code for oil-burning equipment, should be applied to the use of this equipment. This Standard has been revised to reflect SI units as the primary measurement system and to update the instructions and marking requirements. This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Oil Burning Appliance Standards, under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Fuel Burning Equipment, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. February 2010 Notes: (1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows. (2) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. (3) This publication was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code of good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this publication. (4) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee. (5) All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6. Requests for interpretation should (a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch; (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and (c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer. Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are published in CSA’s periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at www.csa.ca.

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B140.9.2-10 Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves 1 Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves with one or more surface burners.

1.2 This Standard applies to camp stoves intended for use outdoors only.

1.3 This Standard may be applied to camp stoves using alcohol-type fuel with a pressurized fuel system.

1.4 The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

1.5 In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

2 Reference publications This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below: CSA (Canadian Standards Association) B139-09 Installation code for oil-burning equipment B140.0-03 (R2008) Oil-burning equipment: General requirements ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials) D471-06e1 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — Effect of Liquids

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CGSB (Canadian General Standards Board) CAN/CGSB-3.3-2007 Kerosene CAN/CGSB-3.5-2004 Unleaded Automotive Gasoline CAN/CGSB-3.27-2005 Naphtha Fuel

3 Definitions In addition to the definitions in CSA B139, the following definitions shall apply in this Standard: Camp stove — a cooking appliance intended for use while camping. Generator — a device designed to vaporize liquid fuel prior to combustion. Pressurized-type camp stove — a type of camp stove that requires the fuel in the fuel tank to be pressurized for operation. Note: The pressurization may be self-generated or achieved by any other method.

4 General requirements 4.1 Camp stoves shall not produce carbon monoxide in excess of a 0.02 ratio of CO/CO2 when tested in accordance with Clause 8.3.

4.2 The camp stove shall not emit unburned hydrocarbons in a quantity exceeding 20% of the fuel consumption rate when tested in accordance with Clause 8.5.

4.3 The camp stove shall be so constructed that wind of 4.47 m/s (10 mph), applied horizontally from any direction, shall not cause burner outage when tested in accordance with Clause 8.7.

4.4 The manufacturer’s rated maximum input of the camp stove shall be within ± 5% of the rate of input when tested in accordance with Clause 8.2.

4.5 The maximum temperature on the combustible walls, floor, and ceiling of the test enclosure shall not exceed 90 °C (194°F) (total), based on an ambient temperature of 25 °C (77°F), when tested in accordance with Clause 8.8 at the manufacturer’s specified clearances.

4.6 The fuel tank shall not leak when tested in accordance with Clause 8.10.

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5 Construction requirements 5.1 General 5.1.1 Camp stoves shall be constructed entirely of new parts and materials.

5.1.2 Types of material other than metal construction are the subject of special investigation.

5.1.3 Construction features and the quality of work shall be in conformity with acceptable engineering practices.

5.1.4 The camp stove shall be easy to light, move shortly after being lit, operate, and handle without danger of cuts or burns to the hands when normal precautions are taken and the manufacturer’s recommended procedures are followed.

5.1.5 The camp stove shall be constructed to be secure against displacement, distortion, warping, or other damage. It shall be constructed to maintain a fixed relationship between essential parts under normal conditions of handling and usage. Parts not permanently secured shall be designed so that they cannot be assembled incorrectly and cannot be improperly located or misaligned while being replaced after cleaning or other servicing.

5.1.6 If any indication is observed during the tests prescribed in Clause 8 that the camp stove will not continue to meet the applicable requirements of this Standard in normal usage, supplementary tests shall be conducted to ensure safe and satisfactory service.

5.1.7 A camp stove suitable for another use shall also comply with the appropriate Standards governing that use.

5.1.8 All parts shall resist decomposition that would impair the safe operation of the camp stove.

5.1.9 The maximum temperatures of the materials and components used in the construction of the camp stove shall not exceed those specified in CSA B140.0, when the stove is operating at full capacity. Alternatively, the camp stove shall be constructed of materials proven to provide the strength and corrosion resistance required for good design and safe operation.

5.1.10 The camp stove shall be constructed so that incandescent particles from the burners are prevented from dropping onto combustible materials below the stove.

5.1.11 The stove shall be designed and constructed so that fuel in the liquid or vapour state is not emitted during operation of the stove, as a result of any operating condition of pressure or temperature, except through the burner.

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5.2 Gaskets 5.2.1 When gaskets are used, the material shall be compatible with fuel vapours or liquids at operating temperatures and shall be satisfactory for the application as determined by Clause 8.4.

5.2.2 Gaskets used in an assembly that can be removed during normal use shall be captive.

5.3 Legs 5.3.1 When legs or supports are necessary to meet the requirements of this Standard, they shall be provided as parts of the stove.

5.3.2 The device, when empty, full, or partially filled with any amount of fuel, shall be capable of being tipped in any direction, to an angle of 10° from the normal upright position, without overturning on being released.

5.4 Lighting 5.4.1 Camp stoves shall be designed to provide for safe ignition and acceptable lighting of the burners.

5.4.2 Camp stoves equipped with built-in ignition devices shall have provision for direct manual ignition.

5.4.3 Built-in devices for ignition of the burners shall be compatible with the ignition characteristics of the fuel and shall be considered part of the camp stove for testing purposes.

5.5 Materials Metallic structural parts of camp stoves shall have a minimum thickness of 0.45 mm [0.0179 in (26 gauge)] steel or be constructed so that they provide the rigidity and corrosion resistance necessary for their intended function.

5.6 Joints, compounds, and lubricants 5.6.1 Compounds used in making joints shall be of a type suitable for use with the liquid petroleum fuels specified in this Standard.

5.6.2 Lubricants used in valves and controls shall be of a type suitable for use with the liquid petroleum fuels specified in this Standard and shall be capable of withstanding the service conditions to which they are subjected.

5.7 Fuel piping and tubing Fuel piping and tubing shall meet the requirements of CSA B140.0.

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Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

5.8 Burners 5.8.1 The burner shall not sag, distort, melt, or show leakage of fuel during any of the tests specified in this Standard.

5.8.2 Burners or burner heads shall be designed for easy maintenance and cleaning without the use of special tools.

5.8.3 Burner supports shall be of rigid construction and shall be securely held in place.

5.8.4 Burners shall be so designed that boil-over of water will not accumulate in such a way as to immerse the burner ports.

5.9 Primary air control 5.9.1 When adjustable air shutters are used, means shall be provided to fix air shutters securely in any desired position. Air shutters shall be conveniently accessible for adjustment.

5.9.2 When adjustable air shutters are used, the shutters shall be designed so that they provide a safe minimum air opening beyond which the shutters cannot be closed, and this opening shall be shaped so that it minimizes the likelihood of its being blocked.

5.9.3 Air shutters and locking screws, where used, shall be made of corrosion-resistant material or have a corrosion-resistant finish. Paint shall not be used on air shutters and locking screws.

5.10 Orifices and orifice fittings 5.10.1 Where the input is controlled by an orifice spud, a hood that can be adjusted, or an adjustable needle, the design shall be such that leakage cannot occur and there is a maximum open position beyond which the flow cannot be increased.

5.10.2 Orifice spuds or hoods shall be made of material capable of withstanding the temperatures to which they are subjected, and in all cases the material shall be capable of withstanding at least 538 °C (1000°F).

5.11 Manually operated valves 5.11.1 Camp stoves shall be equipped with manually operated fuel control valves that will provide positive shut-off of the fuel.

5.11.2 For needle valves, the camp stove cabinet or the valve handle shall be permanently marked to indicate the direction of rotation to close. For plug valves, the off position shall be marked.

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5.11.3 All valves shall close in a clockwise rotation.

5.11.4 Fuel valves shall be designed so that it is impossible to withdraw the valve stem completely in the normal operation of the valve.

5.11.5 Where plastic knobs or handles are used on fuel valves, the plastic shall have heat-resistant characteristics equivalent to phenolic-type handles and knobs.

5.12 Cooking tops, top covers, and grates 5.12.1 If it is possible to locate a top grate in a position other than its intended operating position over the burner, and if it will support a utensil, the camp stove shall comply with the requirements of this Standard with the grate in the most adverse position.

5.12.2 The design of open-top grate arms shall be such that they will support utensils as small as 89 mm (3-1/2 in) in diameter placed on the grate centrally over the burner.

5.12.3 Top grates shall be designed so that they cannot be inadvertently displaced during normal operation of the camp stove.

5.12.4 Covers or wind baffles, when supplied, shall be designed so that they prevent wind closure.

5.12.5 Camp stoves shall be designed so that a 101.6 mm (4 in) diameter steel cylinder weighing 9.0 kg (20 lbs), placed at any point on the top surfaces, will not permanently distort the camp stove or distort it in a manner that would impair its safe operation.

5.13 Refillable fuel tank 5.13.1 The fuel tank shall be designed and provided as part of the camp stove and may be designed to be removable from the camp stove to allow for refilling.

5.13.2 A removable fuel tank, when mounted on or attached to the camp stove, shall be secure for all modes of normal operation or usage.

5.13.3 Fuel tanks shall be constructed of, or lined with, corrosion-resistant materials consistent with the fuel or fuels specified for use with the camp stove when tested in accordance with Clause . Where a lining is used, it shall provide a uniform covering and be free from pin holes.

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Portable, pressurized-type, liquid-petroleum-fuelled camp stoves

5.13.4 Fuel tanks shall be constructed of metal and shall be capable of withstanding the normal operating pressures of the camp stove when it is operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. See Clause 8.

5.13.5 The fuel tank shall be equipped with a readily accessible filler opening of at least 12.7 mm (1/2 in) diameter.

5.13.6 The fuel opening cap or plug shall be constructed so that when the internal pressure in the tank is released by its removal, the pressure is released before the cap or plug is removed completely and in a manner that will discharge the air or fuel vapour from the tank away from the burners.

5.13.7 The filler cap or plug shall be located above the liquid level of the fuel when the tank is filled to its maximum normal capacity and is in its operating position.

5.13.8 The fuel tank shall be constructed so that it automatically ensures the retention of an air space of at least 15% of the total tank capacity for the expansion of fuel, when the tank is filled in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

5.13.9 Fuel tanks with manual or automatic pressurizing devices shall be designed so that liquid fuel cannot escape through the pressurizing device during conditions of normal pressurization or discharging when tested in accordance with Clause 8.11.

5.13.10 Fuel tanks with manual or automatic pressurizing devices shall be provided with manual closures in addition to the check valves.

6 Instructions Note: In Canada, some jurisdictions require that instructions be provided in both English and French.

6.1 The instructions shall be marked with directions to the consumer to retain them for future reference.

6.2 The safety-related items included in the instructions shall be prominently displayed and shall precede the instructions concerning the functional use of the stove.

6.3 The front cover or the first page of the instructions shall bear the following warnings in boxed format (see Figure 1): (a) FOR YOUR SAFETY — Do not store or use gasoline or other liquids with flammable vapours in the vicinity of this or any other appliance.* (b) CARBON MONOXIDE HAZARD — This appliance can produce carbon monoxide, which has no odour. Using it in an enclosed space can kill you. Never use this appliance in an enclosed space such as a camper, tent, car, or home.†

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The letters used for the boxed safety warning specified in Item (a) shall be boldfaced type having a minimum upper case letter height of 3.05 mm (0.120 in). The minimum vertical spacing between lines of type shall be 1.17 mm (0.046 in). Lower case letters shall be compatible with the upper case letter size specification. The carbon monoxide warning specified in Item (b) shall be accompanied by the warning symbol shown in Figure 1. *The equivalent French wording is POUR VOTRE SÉCURITÉ — Ne pas entreposer ni utiliser d’essence ni d’autres vapeurs ou liquides inflammables à proximité de cet appareil ou de tout autre appareil. †The equivalent French wording is MONOXYDE DE CARBONE — Cet appareil peut produire du monoxyde de carbone, un gaz inodore. L’utilisation de cet appareil dans un espace clos peut entraîner la mort. Ne jamais utiliser cet appareil dans un espace clos comme un véhicle de camping, une tente, une automobile, ou une maison.

FOR YOUR SAFETY Do not store or use gasoline or other liquids with flammable vapours in the vicinity of this or any other appliance.

DANGER CARBON MONOXIDE HAZARD This appliance can produce carbon monoxide, which has no odour. Using it in an enclosed space can kill you. Never use this appliance in an enclosed space such as a camper, tent, car, or home.

Figure 1 Boxed warnings (See Clauses 6.3 and 7.4.)

6.4 Each camp stove shall be provided with detailed printed instructions and diagrams that contain at least the following: (a) manufacturer’s or distributor’s name and address and the appliance model, type, or series number; (b) directions for proper assembly and for assembly of field-installed parts and accessories supplied with the stove; (c) fuelling procedure; (d) type of fuel recommended; (e) pressurizing procedures, if applicable; (f) lighting and operating procedures and, where applicable, the recommended amount of fuel to be used for lighting the camp stove; (g) appropriate procedure for leak testing and a statement that the stove shall not be exposed to flammable vapours or liquids during lighting and operation; (h) information specifying appropriate clearances from combustible material; (i) extinguishing procedures; (j) recommended procedures for transporting and storage;

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(k) maintenance instructions (including recommended frequency guidelines) with regard to (i) keeping stove area clear and free from combustible materials, gasoline, and other flammable vapours and liquids; (ii) not obstructing the flow of combustion and ventilation air; (iii) visually checking the burner flame, with reference to appropriate operating characteristics given in the maintenance instructions; and (iv) cleaning the stove, including special surfaces, with recommended cleaning agents, if necessary; (l) information about obtaining replacement parts; and (m) appropriate procedures for storing liquid fuel.

7 Marking Note: In Canada, some jurisdictions require that markings be provided in both English and French.

7.1 Marking material shall be identified by class number and shall meet the specifications given in this Clause. All metal marking materials shall be rustproof. All markings shall be suitable for application to the surfaces upon which they are applied and shall demonstrate suitable legibility as specified in Clause 8.13. The designation of any class of marking shall not preclude the use of marking of a lower number class. Class I, Integral marking Shall be embossed, cast, stamped, or otherwise formed in the part on which it is applied. This class includes markings baked into an enamelled surface. Class IIA-1, Permanent plate Shall be made of metal having a minimum thickness of 0.31 mm (0.012 in) and shall be securely attached by mechanical means. Class IIA-2, Permanent plate Shall be made of metal having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.31 mm (0.006 to 0.012 in) and shall have mechanical attachment means at all corners, with a maximum spacing of 152 mm (6 in) between mechanical fasteners. Class IIA-3, Permanent plate Shall be made of metal having a thickness less than 0.15 mm (0.006 in). Such plates shall be attached by means of non-water-soluble adhesive that meets the requirements specified in Clause 8.13. These materials shall not be located on surfaces having temperatures exceeding 149 °C (300°F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8. Class IIA-4, Permanent plate Shall be made of pressure-sensitive metal foil requiring no solvent or activator and shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 8.13. These materials shall not be located on surfaces having temperatures exceeding 149 C (300F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8. Class IIIA-1, Permanent label Shall be made of material not adversely affected by water, shall be attached by means of non-water-soluble adhesive, and shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 8.13. These materials shall not be located on surfaces having temperatures exceeding 149 C (300F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8.

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Class IIIA-2, Permanent label Shall be made of material not adversely affected by water, shall be attached by means of non-water-soluble adhesive, and shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 8.13. These materials shall not be located on surfaces having temperatures exceeding 79.5 C (175F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8. Class IIIA-3, Permanent tag Shall be made of material not adversely affected by water, shall be attached by means of flexible-type fasteners, and shall meet the requirements specified in Clauses 7.2 and 8.13. These materials shall not be located where they will be exposed to temperatures exceeding 51.7 C (125F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8. See Clause 7.3. Class IIIB, Waterproof marking Shall be printed directly on the part, shall not be adversely affected by a temperature of 79.5 C (175F), and shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 8.13. This marking shall not be used on surfaces having temperatures exceeding 79.5 C (175F), in accordance with the temperature test specified in Clause 8.8. See Clause 7.3. Class IIIC, Waterproof label Shall be made of material that is not soluble in water; may use water-soluble adhesive for attachment means. Class IV, Semi-permanent plate or label Shall be made of material that may be soluble in water, and may use water-soluble adhesive for attachment means. Class V, Printed marking Shall be clear and prominent and may be applied directly by any printing means. Class VI, Attached tags

7.2 On an appliance designed such that space does not permit appropriate location of markings, they may be furnished on a metal tag or a Class IIIA-3 permanent tag attached to the appliance. Flexible-type fasteners that are used to permanently attach markings to stoves shall be in accordance with the following: (a) Flexible-type fasteners shall be permanently secured by tamper-resistant mechanical means, such as screws or rivets, to the marking plate or tag and to a part of the stove that is not removed for servicing. (b) Flexible-type fasteners shall not be attached to a fuel-carrying component unless the fuel-carrying component withstands the test specified in Clause 8.14.2. (c) Flexible-type fasteners and marking tags shall be capable of withstanding the pull test specified in Clause 8.14.1. (d) Flexible-type fasteners shall be made of materials suitable for the temperatures to which they are exposed during normal operation of the stoves. (e) Markings secured to the appliances by a flexible-type fastener shall carry the statement “Do not remove”*. *The equivalent French wording is “Ne pas enlever”.

7.3 Each camp stove shall bear a Class IIIB marking that is clearly and permanently marked with the following: (a) manufacturer’s or distributor’s name and location; (b) manufacturer’s or distributor’s model number, type, or series number of appliance; (c) manufacturer’s or distributor’s serial number, lot number, date stamp, or code that will identify the appliance; (d) type of fuel;

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(e) rated capacity expressed in watts (Btu/h); (f) clearances to combustible materials in centimetres (in). In no case shall overhead clearances be marked as less than 91.4 cm (36 in); (g) specific positioning of legs or supports. (h) indication of compliance with this Standard by the marking by “CSA B140.9.2”; (i) the statement “FOR OUTDOOR USE ONLY”*; (j) instructions for filling, pressurizing, lighting, and extinguishing; (k) valve markings, in accordance with Clause 5.11.2; (l) the statement “Do not use for space heating”†; and (m) the statement “Read instructions before use”‡. *The French equivalent is “POUR UTILISATION À L’EXTÉRIEUR UNIQUEMENT”. †The French equivalent is “Ne pas utiliser comme appareil de chauffage”. ‡The French equivalent is “Lisez les instructions avant d’utiliser”.

7.4 The boxed carbon monoxide hazard warning label shown in Figure 1 shall be marked on a Class IIIA material and located where it can easily be seen by the user.

8 Tests 8.1 General 8.1.1 The test fuels shall comply with the following CGSB Standards as applicable to the type of fuel recommended by the manufacturer: (a) For naphtha, see CAN/CGSB-3.27. (b) For kerosene, see CAN/CGSB-3.3. (c) For unleaded automotive gasoline, see CAN/CGSB-3.5.

8.1.2 The camp stove shall be operated through one complete filling of the fuel tank before testing.

8.1.3 Unless otherwise specified in this Standard, tests shall be conducted at an ambient temperature of 21 ± 2.7 C (70 ± 5°F).

8.1.4 Tests shall be conducted at the normal operating pressure of the camp stove or as specified by the manufacturer.

8.1.5 To confirm the manufacturer’s specified operating pressure, the camp stove tank shall be filled with fuel according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The fuel tank shall be pressurized and the camp stove put into operation for 5 min, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After 5 min of operation, the pressure in the fuel tank shall be within ±10% of the normal operating pressure specified by the manufacturer.

8.1.6 If the pressure determined in Clause 8.1.5 is less than 90% or more than 110% of the normal pressure specified by the manufacturer, the pressure so determined shall be considered the normal test pressure for the purpose of all tests.

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8.1.7 For testing purposes, camp stoves shall be equipped with (a) a manually pressurized fuel tank and system pressurized continuously by means of an externally regulated compressed air system; or (b) an automatically or semi-automatically pressurized fuel tank and system pressurized by its own pressure system. Note: A fuel tank filler cap or plug tapped with a 1/8 in IPT female thread should be available, to accept a pressure gauge supplied by the certification body.

8.1.8 Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be conducted at a minimum of three test pressures: (a) normal test pressure as determined in Clauses 8.1.4 to 8.1.6; (b) at 50% of normal test pressure; and (c) at 125% of normal test pressure.

8.1.9 During tests, the lid and wind baffles shall be placed in the most adverse operating position within the range of settings recommended by the manufacturer and as allowed by the utensils used in the test.

8.1.10 Adjustable orifices, where provided, shall be at the maximum flow position.

8.1.11 When a primary air control is provided, it shall be adjusted to give a good flame at maximum fuel flow position. The burner ratings and primary air adjustments shall not be changed during a series of tests on any single test fuel.

8.1.12 When the camp stove is in operation under all test conditions specified in this Standard, tank pressures shall not exceed 150% of the maximum test pressures specified in Clause 8.1.8.

8.2 Rated input capacity 8.2.1 The camp stove shall be placed on a wooden platform on a weigh scale.

8.2.2 The camp stove shall be operated at its normal maximum fuel pressure in accordance with Clause 8.1.4. After a 15 min warm-up period, the rated input capacity in watts (Btu/h) shall be based on the consumption rate determined from the average of three consecutive readings taken at 15 min intervals.

8.3 Carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide 8.3.1 The burners shall be covered as follows: (a) One-burner stove — the burner shall be covered with a cast iron griddle plate, 241.3 mm (9-1/2 in) in diameter, having the bottom recessed 4.8 mm (3/16 in) with an approximately 3.2 mm (1/8 in) wide lip (See Figure 2). A water-filled utensil with a 190.5 mm (7-1/2 in) diameter bottom shall be placed on the griddle plate. (b) Two-burner stove — both burners shall be covered with cast iron griddle plates as specified in Item (a). A water-filled utensil as specified in Item (a) shall be placed on each of the griddle plates.

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(c) Three- and four-burner stoves — two adjacent burners shall be covered with cast iron griddle plates as specified in Item (a). If a burner having an input rating of 3513 W (12 000 Btu/h) or more is provided, it shall be one of those covered by the griddle plate. 3.2 mm (1/8 in)

4.8 mm (3/16 in)

14.3 mm (9/16 in) 3.2 mm (1/8 in) 241.3 mm (9-1/2 in)

Figure 2 Cast iron griddle plate used in combustion tests (See Clause 8.3.1.)

8.3.2 A 190.5 mm (7-1/2 in) diameter (bottom) water-filled utensil shall be placed on each of the griddle plates and over the remaining top burners. Additional tests shall be conducted, when necessary, with the griddle plates covering other combinations of any two adjacent burners.

8.3.3 When the construction of the grates is such that they can be positioned so that the burner flame impinges on the grate prongs, tests shall be conducted with the grates in that position.

8.3.4 A combustion hood provided with adjustable legs shall be placed over the appliance so that it covers the utensils placed over all the burners. With the edge of the combustion hood located at least 127 mm (5 in) above the cooking surface, the flame shall be observed. The hood shall be lowered in small increments, preferably of 12.7 mm (1/2 in), while a constant observation of the flame is maintained. As soon as any noticeable change in the flame occurs, the hood shall be raised 12.7 mm (1/2 in). With the hood at this height, a sample of the flue gases shall be secured from the outlet of the hood and analyzed for carbon dioxide. The outlet area of the hood may be gradually reduced to obtain as high a carbon dioxide percentage as possible without altering the flame characteristics.

8.3.5 The camp stove shall be ignited and brought to full operating condition in accordance with the manufacturer’s operating instructions. This condition shall include the burn-off of all preheating liquids. The camp stove shall then be operated for 5 min at normal pressures. After 5 min, a sample of the products of combustion shall be taken. The camp stove shall then be operated at reduced pressure and a sample taken. The pressure shall then be increased and another sample taken. In each instance, the 5 min time period shall commence only after recovery and stabilization of the combustion following each change of pressure.

8.3.6 The CO/CO2 ratio shall not exceed that specified in Clause 4.1.

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8.4 Gasket material 8.4.1 Gasket material shall not crack, harden, shrink, swell, lose weight, or otherwise deteriorate sufficiently to permit leakage when (a) exposed for 96 h to oxygen at a pressure of 2068.4 kPa (300 psig) and at a temperature of 70 C (158°F); and (b) immersed for 70 h in ASTM Reference Fuels A and C (see ASTM D471) and ASTM Nos. 1 and 3 swelling oils. A different sample gasket shall be exposed to each test medium.

8.4.2 Compressibility of a gasket material shall be expressed as a percentage, based on 100 times the actual measured compression divided by the original thickness, when the gasket is compressed by a uniformly distributed load of 3447.3 kPa (500 psi) for 5 min. The gasket shall be loaded until the specified load is maintained for the specified time.

8.4.3 Gaskets shall show no cracking when examined after bending through 180° around a 25.4 mm (1 in) diameter mandrel at a bend rate of approximately 90°/s at –40 ± 1 C (–40 ± 2°F). The test gaskets and the 25.4 mm (1 in) diameter cylindrical bend test mandrel shall be kept at a temperature of –40 ± 1 C (–40 ± 2°F) for at least 2 h before the test. Gaskets having a diameter of 19 mm (3/4 in) and smaller shall be tested as above except that the mandrel diameter shall be 12.7 mm (1/2 in). Note: The following are examples of suitable gasket materials: (a) neoprene; (b) cork/neoprene compounds; (c) felt paper coated with urea formaldehyde; (d) grey felt paper coated with phenolic resin; (e) fuel-resistant rubber; (f) linear polyethylene; (g) foil liners; and (h) glycerine-treated fibre gasket.

8.5 Unburned hydrocarbons 8.5.1 The test shall be conducted in conjunction with the tests specified in Clause 8.3, and the unburned hydrocarbons shall not exceed the quantity permitted by Clause 4.2.

8.5.2 The amount of unburned hydrocarbons shall be calculated using a flame ionization total hydrocarbon analyzer with continuous sampling. Note: Example of analysis: Carbon dioxide =1% Carbon monoxide Hydrocarbons Total

= 10 000 ppm = 30 ppm = 1 200 ppm = 11 230 ppm

Percentage of unburned hydrocarbons = 1 200 11 230 = 10.7%

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8.6 Burner operation characteristics 8.6.1 Burners shall not flash back, i.e., ignite upstream of the burner port, at any test pressure (a) on immediate ignition; or (b) on a delayed ignition of 2 to 5 s.

8.6.2 Burners shall not flare up excessively on ignition. This requirement shall be deemed met if the ignition flame height does not exceed 762 mm (30 in) above the burner for more than 5 s and does not exceed 254 mm (10 in) above the burner within 30 s. The normal burner flame shall result within 60 s.

8.6.3 During any test specified in this Standard, the burners shall operate without depositing carbon in amounts that would have an adverse effect on the operation of the camp stove for extended periods. Light accumulation of carbon on the generator shall not constitute failure to meet this requirement.

8.6.4 Burners shall not expel fuel through air shutters in mixer bases at normal test pressure or at other pressures only high enough to support combustion at the ports.

8.7 Resistance to wind 8.7.1 The camp stove shall be fired at the normal test pressure. Water-filled utensils with a 190.5 mm (7-1/2 in) in diameter bottom shall be placed over each burner.

8.7.2 The camp stove shall be operated for 5 min, then subjected to a 4.47 m/s (10 mph) wind directed horizontally over the burners for at least 10 min in each direction that is deemed to be the most adverse, with the wind baffles in the most advantageous position.

8.7.3 Burner flame outage shall constitute failure of this test.

8.8 Temperature test 8.8.1 The camp stove shall be placed on its base, or on integral legs if applicable, on the floor of an enclosure as shown in Figure 3, with the side and top clearances specified by the manufacturer.

8.8.2 Horizontal clearances shall be measured from the camp stove casing, and vertical clearances shall be measured from the camp stove grate.

8.8.3 Water-filled utensils with a 190.5 mm (7-1/2 in) diameter bottom shall be placed over each burner.

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8.8.4 The test shall be conducted until temperature equilibrium conditions are established by three consecutive readings at 15 min intervals. If the fuel is exhausted, the tank shall be refilled and the test continued. Regardless of temperatures attained, the test shall be terminated after 4 h.

8.8.5 If the second burner depends on the main burner for its fuel supply, a second test shall be conducted with only the main burner operating.

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Note: The enclosure material shall be plywood painted dull black.

Figure 3 Enclosure for temperature test (See Clause 8.8.1.)

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8.9 Corrosion resistance 8.9.1 The fuel tank shall be pressurized to 125% of the normal test pressure specified in Clause 8.1.6 and maintained at that pressure for 30 min, after which the pressure shall be released.

8.9.2 The fuel tank shall be cut approximately in half along a horizontal plane. The interior of the bottom half of the tank shall be subjected to a salt spray consisting of a 5% NaCl fog at 37.7 C (100°F).

8.9.3 After 96 h of exposure to the salt spray specified in Clause 8.9.2, the interior surface shall show no corrosion. Corrosion caused by damage to the interior surface or lining as a result of cutting the tank in half shall be ignored.

8.10 Hydrostatic pressure 8.10.1 The fuel tank, with normal fittings and closures secured, shall not leak or distort when pressurized with water, to which a dye has been added, at twice the normal pressure as specified in Clause 8.1.6 or 140 kPa (20 psi), whichever is greater, and with the pressure maintained for 20 min.

8.10.2 The tank, with the openings plugged, shall not leak but may distort when pressurized to 10 times the normal pressure as specified in Clause 8.1.6, and with the pressure maintained for 20 min.

8.11 Pressurizing device closures 8.11.1 Fuel tanks with manual or automatic pressurizing devices shall be designed so that liquid fuel cannot escape through the pressurizing device in the event of failure of all check valves and closures in the pressurizing system, with the tank in the normal operating position.

8.11.2 The fuel tank shall be filled with water, mounted on the appliance, and pressurized according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

8.11.3 When the tank is pressurized, the pumping or pressurizing device and its component parts, such as a check valve, shall be manipulated to release pressure from the tank.

8.11.4 There shall be no leakage of water.

8.12 Overfilling of tanks The fuel tank shall be filled in the manner recommended by the manufacturer. Any evidence of overfilling that would impair the safe operation of the appliance shall be deemed a failure of this test. See Clause 5.13.8.

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8.13 Marking material adhesion and legibility The adhesive quality of Class IIA-3, IIA-4, IIIA-1, and IIIA-2 marking materials and the legibility of all Class II, IIIA, and IIIB marking materials (see Clause 7.1) shall not be adversely affected when the marking materials are exposed to heat and moisture as specified in the following method of test: (a) Adhesive-type marking materials shall be applied to the particular type of finish used on the stove in production. A sample metal panel of this finish shall be cleaned with a solvent and dried. Half of the panel shall be wiped with a clean cloth lightly oiled with SAE 30 medium machine oil. Two samples of marking material shall be applied to the panel, one on the dry area and one on the oiled area. Test samples shall be applied with firm pressure unless the manufacturer’s application instructions specify otherwise. All samples shall be allowed to set for 24 h at room temperature. Each sample of marking material shall exhibit (i) good adhesion with no curling at the edges; (ii) no illegible or defaced printing after rubbing with thumb or finger pressure; and (iii) good adhesion when a dull metal blade (e.g., the back of a pocketknife blade) is held at 90° to the applied marking and scraped across the edges of the marking. (b) Non-adhesive-type marking materials shall exhibit no illegible or defaced printing when rubbed with thumb or finger pressure. Two samples of marking material shall be tested. (c) Samples shall then be placed in an oven for 14 d with the oven temperature maintained at (i) 176.5 C (350F) for Class IIA-1, IIA-2, IIA-3, IIA-4, and IIIA-1 marking materials; (ii) 121 C (250F) for Class IIIA-2 and IIIB marking materials; or (iii) 79.5 C (175F) for Class IIIA-3 marking materials. (d) Following the oven test, adhesion and legibility of the samples shall be checked again as specified in Items (a) and (b). (e) Samples shall then be immersed in water for 24 h, after which adhesion and legibility shall be rechecked as specified in Items (a) and (b). Good adhesion and legibility shall be obtained under all of the test conditions specified in this Clause.

8.14 Permanently attached marking tags 8.14.1 Marking tags that are attached to the stove with a flexible-type fastener in accordance with Clause 7.2 shall not become detached from the stove when tested as follows: An 11 kg (25 lb) weight shall be securely attached to the marking tag in such a way that it does not interfere with the attachment of the marking tag to the flexible-type fastener. The stove shall be securely supported above the floor a sufficient distance to allow the flexible-type fastener, marking tag, and attached weight to hang straight down without impact and without touching the floor for 60 s. The marking tag shall not become detached from the stove.

8.14.2 Marking tags that are attached to fuel-carrying components with a flexible-type fastener in accordance with Clause 7.2(b) shall not cause damage or leakage to any of the device’s fuel-carrying components when tested as follows: A 23 kg (50 lb) weight shall be securely attached to the marking tag in such a way that it does not interfere with the attachment of the marking tag to the flexible-type fastener. The stove shall be securely supported above the floor a sufficient distance to allow the flexible-type fastener, marking tag, and attached weight to hang straight down without impact and without touching the floor for 60 s. The marking tag may become detached from the stove, but there shall be no evidence of damage to or leakage from any of the stove’s fuel-carrying components.

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