Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament with Supplement [3 ed.] 9780691035031, 0691035032

Table of contents :
Cover
Title
Copyright
Contents
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD EDITION
ABBREVIATIONS
I. MYTHS, EPICS, AND LEGENDS
EGYPTIAN MYTHS, TALES, AND MORTUARY TEXTS
Creation and Myths of Origins
The Creation by Atum
Another Version of the Creation by Atum
The Theology of Memphis
The Repulsing of the Dragon and the Creation
All Men Created Equal in Opportunity
Thebes as the Place of Creation
The Assignment of Functions to Thoth
The Primeval Establishment of Order
The Mythological Origin of Certain Unclean Animals
Deliverance of Mankind from Destruction
Heroic Tales—Exploits of Gods and Human Beings
The Repulsing of the Dragon
The God and His Unknown Name of Power
The Contest of Horus and Seth for the Rule
Astarte and the Tribute of the Sea
The Story of Si-nuhe
The Taking of Joppa
The Story of Two Brothers
The Journey of Wen-Amon to Phoenicia
The Legend of the Possessed Princess
The Tradition of Seven Lean Years in Egypt
Mortuary Texts: Life after Death
The Conquest of Death
The Fields of Paradise
The Good Fortune of the Dead
The Protestation of Guiltlessness
SUMERIAN MYTHS AND EPIC TALES
Enki and Ninhursag: a Paradise Myth
Dumuzi and Enkimdu: the Dispute between the Shepherd-God and the Farmer-God
The Deluge
Gilgamesh and Agga
Gilgamesh and the Land of the Living
The Death of Gilgamesh
Inanna’s Descent to the Nether World
The Duties and Powers of the Gods: Inscription on the Statue of King Kurigalzu
AKKADIAN MYTHS AND EPICS
The Creation Epic
The Creation Epic—Additions to Tablets V-VII
The Epic of Gilgamesh
The Epic of Gilgamesh—Notes and Additions
Creation of Man by the Mother Goddess
A Cosmological Incantation: The Worm and the Toothache
Adapa
Nergal and Ereshkigal
Nergal and Ereshkigal—Additions
Atrahasis
Atrahasis—Additional Texts
Descent of Ishtar to the Nether World
A Vision of the Nether World
The Myth of Zu
The Myth of Zu
Etana
Etana—Additions
The Legend of Sargon
A Babylonian Theogony
HITTITE MYTHS, EPICS, AND LEGENDS
The Moon that Fell from Heaven
Kingship in Heaven
The Song of Ullikummis
The Myth of Illuyankas
The Telepinus Myth
El, Ashertu and the Storm-god
UGARITIC MYTHS, EPICS, AND LEGENDS
Poems about Baal and Anath
The Legend of King Keret
The Tale of Aqhat
II. LEGAL TEXTS
COLLECTIONS OF LAWS FROM MESOPOTAMIA AND ASIA MINOR
The Laws of Ur-Nammu
Sumerian Laws, YBC 2177
The Edict of Ammisaduqa
Lipit-Ishtar Lawcode
The Laws of Eshnunna
The Code of Hammurabi
The Middle Assyrian Laws
The Hittite Laws
The Neo-Babylonian Laws
EGYPTIAN AND HITTITE TREATIES
Egyptian Treaty
Treaty between the Hittites and Egypt
Hittite Treaties
Treaty between Hattusilis and Ramses II
Treaty between Mursilis and Duppi-Tessub of Amurru
God List, Blessings and Curses of the Treaty between Suppiluliumas and Mattiwaza
Treaty of Suppiluliumas and Aziras of Amurru
AKKADIAN TREATIES FROM SYRIA AND ASSYRIA
Treaty between Niqmepa of Alalakh and Ir-^dIM of Tunip
Treaty between Idrimi and Pilliya
Treaty between Ashurnirari V of Assyria and Mati’ilu of Arpad
Treaty of Esarhaddon with Baal of Tyre
The Vassal-Treaties of Esarhaddon
HITTITE INSTRUCTIONS
Instructions for Palace Personnel to Insure the King’s Purity
Instructions for Temple Officials
From the Instructions for the Commander of the Border Guards
DOCUMENTS FROM THE PRACTICE OF LAW
Egyptian Documents
A Royal Decree of Temple Privilege
The Vizier of Egypt
Results of a Trial for Conspiracy
From the Record of a Lawsuit
Mesopotamian Legal Documents
Sumerian
Old Akkadian
New Sumerian
Old Assyrian
Old Babylonian
Late Sumerian
Middle Babylonian
Nuzi Akkadian
Middle Assyrian
Neo-Assyrian
Neo-Babylonian
Additional Mesopotamian Legal Documents
Aramaic Papyri from Elephantine
Mibtahiah’s First Marriage
Contract of Mibtahiah’s Third Marriage
Manumission of a Female Slave and her Daughter, June 12, 427 B.C.
Marriage Contract of a Former Slave Girl who is Subject to Paramone, 420 B.C.
III. HISTORICAL TEXTS
EGYPTIAN HISTORICAL TEXTS
Brief Texts of the Old Kingdom
Asiatic Campaigns under Pepi I
Middle Kingdom Egyptian Contacts with Asia
The Egyptian Mines in Sinai
The Inscription of Khu-Sebek, Called Djaa
Asiatics in Egyptian Household Service
The Hyksos in Egypt
The War against the Hyksos
The War against the Hyksos
The Expulsion of the Hyksos
The Asiatic Campaigns of Thut-mose III
Lists of Asiatic Countries under the Egyptian Empire
A Trip to the Lebanon for Cedar
Pharaoh as a Sportsman
The Asiatic Campaigning of Amen-hotep II
A Syrian Captive Colony in Thebes
Scenes of Asiatic Commerce in Theban Tombs
The Egyptians and the Gods of Asia
Texts from the Tomb of General Hor-em-heb
Tut-ankh-Amon’s Restoration after the Amarna Revolution
The Era of the City of Tanis
A Campaign of Seti I in Northern Palestine
Campaigns of Seti I in Asia
Beth-Shan Stelae of Seti I and Ramses II
The Asiatic Campaigning of Ramses II
The Journal of a Frontier Official
The Report of a Frontier Official
The Pursuit of Runaway Slaves
A Syrian Interregnum
From the Lists of Ramses III
The War against the Peoples of the Sea
The Megiddo Ivories
The Campaign of Sheshonk I
BABYLONIAN AND ASSYRIAN HISTORICAL TEXTS
Texts from the Beginnings to the First Dynasty of Babylon
Historiographic Documents
The Sumerian King List
The “Sargon Chronicle”
Historical Documents
Sargon of Agade
Naram-Sin in the Cedar Mountain
Gudea, ensi of Lagash
Texts from Hammurabi to the Downfall of the Assyrian Empire
Historiographic Documents
List of Date Formulae of the Reign of Hummurabi
List of Year Names: Samsuiluna, King of Babylon
The Babylonian King List B
The Babylonian King List A
The Synchronistic Chronicle
Excerpts from the Lists of Assyrian Eponyms
The Assyrian King List
Historical Documents
Shamshi-Adad I (about 1726-1694): First Contact with the West
The Dedication of the Shamash Temple by Yahdun-Lim
The Story of Idrimi, King of Alalakh
Tiglath-pileser I (1114-1076): Expeditions to Syria, the Lebanon, and the Mediterranean Sea
Ashurnasirpal II (883-859): Expedition to Carchemish and the Lebanon
The Banquet of Ashurnasirpal II
Shalmaneser III (858-824): The Fight against the Aramean Coalition
Adad-nirari III (810-783): Expedition to Palestine
Tiglath-pileser III (744-727): Campaigns against Syria and Palestine
Sargon II (721-705): The Fall of Samaria
Sennacherib (704-681)
Esarhaddon (680-669)
Ashurbanipal (668-633)
The Neo-Babylonian Empire and its Successors
Historiographic Documents
Text from the First Year of Belibni to the Accession Year of Shamashshumukin
Text from the First Year of Esarhaddon to the First Year of Shamashshumukin
Text from the Tenth to the Seventeenth Year of Nabopolassar: Events Leading to the Fall of Nineveh
Text from the Accession Year of Nabonidus to the Fall of Babylon
The Uruk King List from Kandalanu to Seleucus II
A Seleucid King List
Historical Documents
Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562)
The Conquest of Jerusalem
Nabonidus (555-539)
The Mother of Nabodinus
Nabonidus and his God
Cyrus (557-529)
Xerxes (485-465)
Antiochus Soter (280-262/1)
HITTITE HISTORICAL TEXTS
Suppiluliumas Destroys the Kingdom of Mitanni
Suppiluliumas and the Egyptian Queen
Hattusilis on Muwatallis’ War against Egypt
PALESTINIAN INSCRIPTIONS
The Gezer Calendar
The Moabite Stone
The Ostraca of Samaria
The Siloam Inscription
The Lachish Ostraca
A Letter from the Time of Josiah
Three Ostraca from Arad
IV. RITUALS, INCANTATIONS, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF FESTIVALS
EGYPTIAN RITUALS AND INCANTATIONS
A Ritual for Offering Food
The Daily Ritual in the Temple
Circumcision in Egypt
Charms against Snakes
Curses and Threats
Magical Protection for a Child
The Execration of Asiatic Princes
Religious Drama in Egypt
AKKADIAN RITUALS
Temple Program for the New Year’s Festival at Babylon
Ritual to be Followed by the Kalū-Priest when Covering the Temple Kettle-Drum
Temple Ritual for the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Days of an Unknown Month at Uruk
Ritual for the Repair of a Temple
Program of the Pageant of the Statue of the God Anu at Uruk
Daily Sacrifices to the Gods of the City of Uruk
HITTITE RITUALS, INCANTATIONS, AND DESCRIPTION OF FESTIVAL
Ritual for the Purification of God and Man
Ritual to Counteract Sorcery
Ritual against Pestilence
Purification Ritual Engaging the Help of Protective Demons
Ritual against Impotence
Ritual against Domestic Quarrel
Evocatio
The Soldiers’ Oath
Ritual before Battle
Removal of the Threat Implied in an Evil Omen
Ritual for the Erection of a House
Ritual for the Erection of a New Palace
The Festival of the Warrior-God
V. HYMNS AND PRAYERS
EGYPTIAN HYMNS AND PRAYERS
A Hymn to Amon-Re
A Universalist Hymn to the Sun
Amon as the Sole God
The God Amon as Healer and Magician
The Hymn to the Aton
Hymns to the Gods as a Single God
Hymn to the Nile
The Hymn of Victory of Thut-mose III
From Amen-hotep Ill’s Building Inscription
Hymn of Victory of Mer-ne-Ptah (The “Israel Stela”)
Joy at the Accession of Mer-ne-Ptah
Joy at the Accession of Ramses IV
A Prayer of Thoth
A Prayer to Re-Har-akhti
A Prayer for Help in the Law Court
Gratitude for a God’s Mercy
A Penitential Hymn to a Goddess
SUMERIAN PETITION
Petition to a King
SUMERO-AKKADIAN HYMNS AND PRAYERS
Hymn to Ishtar
Prayer of Lamentation to Ishtar
Hymn to the Moon-God
Prayer to the Moon-God
Prayer of Ashurbanipal to the Sun-God
Hymn to the Sun-God
Psalm to Marduk
Prayer to the Gods of the Night
Prayer to Every God
SUMERIAN HYMNS
Hymn to Enlil, the All-Beneficent
Hymn to Enlil as the Ruling Deity of the Universe
Hymn to Ninurta as God of Vegetation
Hymn to Ninurta as a God of Wrath
Ishkur and the Destruction of the Rebellious Land
Self-Laudatory Hymn of Inanna and Her Omnipotence
Hymnal Prayer of Enheduanna: The Adoration of Inanna in Ur
Hymn to the Ekur
Ur-Nammu Hymn: Building of the Ekur and Blessing by Enlil
The King of the Road: A Self-Laudatory Shulgi Hymn
HITTITE PRAYERS
Prayer of Pudu-hepas to the Sun-Goddess of Arinna and her Circle
Plague Prayers of Mursilis
Daily Prayer of the King
Prayer to be Spoken in an Emergency
Prayer of Arnuwandas and Asmu-Nikkal Concerning the Ravages Inflicted on Hittite Cult-Centers
Prayer of Kantuzilis for Relief from his Sufferings
VI. DIDACTIC AND WISDOM LITERATURE
FABLES AND DIDACTIC TALES
Egyptian Didactic Tales
A Dispute over Suicide
The Protests of the Eloquent Peasant
Akkadian Fable
Dispute between the Date Palm and the Tamarisk
Dispute between the Tamarisk and the Date Palm
PROVERBS AND PRECEPTS
Egyptian Instructions
The Instruction of the Vizier Ptah-hotep
The Instruction for King Meri-ka-Re
The Instruction of King Amen-em-het
The Instruction of Prince Hor-dedef
The Instruction of Ani
The Instruction of Amen-em-Opet
Akkadian Proverbs and Counsels
Proverbs
Proverbs
The Instructions of Shuruppak
Counsels of Wisdom
Counsels of Wisdom
Aramaic Proverbs and Precepts
The Words of Ahiqar
OBSERVATIONS ON LIFE AND THE WORLD ORDER
Egyptian Observations
The Divine Attributes of Pharaoh
In Praise of Learned Scribes
The Satire on the Trades
Sumerian Wisdom Text
Man and his God: A Sumerian Variation of the “Job” Motif
Akkadian Observations on Life and the World Order
“I Will Praise the Lord of Wisdom”
Ludlul Bēl Nēmeqi, “I Will Praise the Lord of Wisdom”
A Pessimistic Dialogue between Master and Servant
The Dialogue of Pessimism
A Dialogue about Human Misery
The Babylonian Theodicy
ORACLES AND PROPHECIES
Egyptian Oracles and Prophecies
The Admonitions of Ipu-wer
The Prophecy of Nefer-rohu
The Divine Nomination of Thut-mose III
The Divine Nomination of an Ethiopian King
A Divine Oracle through Visible Sign
A Divine Oracle through a Dream
Akkadian Oracles and Prophecies
An Old Babylonian Oracle from Uruk
Oracles Concerning Esarhaddon
Oracles Concerning Esarhaddon
A Letter to Ashurbanipal
A Letter to Ashurbanipal
Oracle of Ninlil Concerning Ashurbanipal
An Oracular Dream Concerning Ashurbanipal
An Oracular Dream Concerning Ashurbanipal
Prophecies
Prophecies
VII. LAMENTATIONS
SUMERIAN LAMENTATIONS
Lamentation over the Destruction of Ur
Lamentation over the Destruction of Sumer and Ur
VIII. SECULAR SONGS AND POEMS
EGYPTIAN SECULAR SONGS AND POEMS
A Song of the Harper
Love Songs
Songs of the Common People
In Praise of the City Ramses
IX. LETTERS
AN EGYPTIAN LETTER
A Satirical Letter
A SUMERIAN LETTER
Letter of King Ibbi-Sin
AKKADIAN LETTERS
The Mari Letters
The Amarna Letters
AKKADIAN LETTERS
Divine Revelations (Appendix k-x)
The Substitute King
A Happy Reign
A Royal Decree of Equity
A Letter to a God
Punishment by Fire
Treaties and Coalitions (a-b)
“The God of my Father”
A Loan between Gentlemen
A Boy to his Mother
Divine Revelations (Appendix, k-x)
ARAMAIC LETTERS
Letters of the Jews in Elephantine
Assignment to a New Lessor of Land Abandoned in the Egyptian Rebellion of 410 B.c. (For letters in Hebrew see the Lachish Ostraca, pp. 321-322)
X. MISCELLANEOUS TEXTS
EGYPTIAN TEXTS
The Authority of Ancient Documents
The Interpretation of Dreams
SUMERIAN SACRED MARRIAGE TEXTS
Dumuzi and Inanna: Pride of Pedigree
Dumuzi and Inanna: Love in the Gipar
Dumuzi and Inanna: Courting, Marriage, and Honeymoon
Dumuzi and Inanna: The Ecstasy of Love
Inanna and the King: Blessing on the Wedding Night
Dumuzi and Inanna: Prayer for Water and Bread
Dumuzi and Inanna: Prosperity in the Palace
“Lettuce is my Hair”: A Love-Song for Shu-Sin
“Life is your Coming”: The King as Brother and Son-in-law
“The Honey-man”: Love-Song to a King
“Set me Free, my Sister”: The Sated Lover
SUMERIAN MISCELLANEOUS TEXTS
The Curse of Agade: The Ekur Avenged
Ua-aua: A Sumerian Lullaby
SUMERIAN LOVE SONG
Love Song to a King
HITTITE OMEN
Investigating the Anger of the Gods
CANAANITE AND ARAMAIC INSCRIPTIONS
Building Inscriptions
Yehimilk of Byblos
Azitawadda of Adana
Kilamuwa of Y’dy-Sam’al
Barrakab of Y’dy-Sam’al
Cultic Inscriptions
Ben-Hadad of Damascus
Kilamuwa of Y’dy-Sam’al
Zakir of Hamat and Lu‘ath
Yehawmilk of Byblos
The Marseilles Tariff
The Carthage Tariff
The King of Kedar
Punic Ex-voto Inscriptions
Incantations
The Amulet from Arslan Tash
The Uruk Incantation
Political Documents
The Treaty between KTK and Arpad
Sepulchral Inscriptions
Ahiram of Byblos
Agbar, Priest of the Moon-god in Nerab
Tabnit of Sidon
Eshmun‘azar of Sidon
SOUTH-ARABIAN IN SCRIPTIONS
Sabaean Inscriptions
Minaean Inscriptions
Qatabanian Inscriptions
Hadrami Inscriptions
XI. SUPPLEMENT
ADDENDA
Index of Biblical References
Index of Names