A Catalogue of the Chinese translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka: The Sacred Canon of the Buddhists in China and Japan 9781463225360

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A Catalogue of the Chinese translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka

Gorgias Reference Classics

9

Gorgias Reference Classics intends to keep valued reference works from the nineteenth century and earlier in circulation. This series will include reference works that have made an impact on the historical understanding of the present day, and which, despite their age, have continued to be utilized by scholars.

A Catalogue of the Chinese translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka

The Sacred Canon of the Buddhists in China and Japan

Compiled by Bunyiu Nanjio

gorgias press 2010

Gorgias Press LLC, 954 River Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © 2010 by Gorgias Press LLC Originally published in 1883 All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC.

2010

ISBN 978-1-61719-053-7

ISSN 1937-3287 Reprinted from the 1883 Oxford edition.

Printed in the United States of America

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CONTENTS. FAOB

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transliteration of Sanskrit and Chinese Words adopted for this Catalogue Chronological table of the Chinese Dynasties . . . . . . . List of* the Principal Authorities . . . . . . . . Additions and corrections

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

. .

xi xxix xxxi xxxii xxxiv

. .

.

.

CATALOGUE. FIRST

DIVISION.

i£m-ts&n, -or Sfttra-pkaka. PART I.

f^l

^

Class I . „

Jff

i f P Pfto-tsi-pu, Ralnakflia Class.

„ III. „ IV. ..

%

V.

JH

^ 3l

„ VII.

j|L f^fi

„

.

Nos. 61-86

Hw¥-pu, Avatamsaka Class.

Nos. 87—iii

.

. .

. .

. 1

. .

.

9 27

.

,

.

.

. 3 3

Nos. 1 1 3 - 1 2 5

39

Tan-yi-Ain, S&tras of single translation, excluded from the five Classes.

Nos. 376-541

Si8o-shan-Ain, SAtras of the Htnayana

|5tf ^

II.

PART I I I .

Nos. 23-60

.

A fi ^ "Wu-ta-pu-w&i-Aun-yi-^in, SAtras of duplicate translations, excluded from the preceding five Classes. Nos. 1 2 6 - 3 7 5 . . . . 4 1

/J* H I

Class I.

Nos. 1 - 2 2

Ta-tsi-pu, Mahasannipata Class.

Ni6-phSn-pu, Nirvana Class.

„ YI.

PART II.

1

Pi.n-«o-pu, Prn^napiiramita Class.

II.

COLtJMW

Tl-shan-Ain, SfHras of the Mah&y&na

¿fc %

O-Mn-pu, Agama Class. Class.

93 127

NOB. 542-678

.

.

.

„

.

.127

TSn-yi-Ain, Sfttras of single translation, excluded from the preceding Nos. 679-781 163

A iH A 4* ^ Sun 7 yuen-aru-tf$n-£u-til-siao - shari-£in, S&tras of the Mahayana and Htnayana, admitted into the Canon during the later (or Northern) and Southern Sun (A.D. 9 6 0 - 1 1 2 7 and 1 1 2 7 - 1 2 8 0 ) and Yuen (A.D.

1280-1368) dynasties. Nos. 782-1081 SECOND

. . .

.

,

.

.

. 181

.

.

.239

Nos. 1 1 0 7 - 1 1 6 6 .

.

. 245

DIVISION.

Luh-ts&n, V i n a y a - p i i a k a . PART

I. ^ fj| ^fl

PART II.

/J"»

TS-shan-liih, Vinaya of the Mah3yftna. Nos. 1082-1106

^ { t Siao-shan-lilh, Vinaya of the HlnaySna.

CONTENTS.

X

THIRD fîifl]

fj? jfjflf

PART

I.

PART

II.

1'ART I I I .

DIVISION.

Lun-tsâû, Abhidharma-piiaka.

Tâ-shan-lun, Abhidharma of the MahSyâna.

Nos.

ffjflf Siâo-shan-lun, Abhidharma of the Hînayâna. ^fc

7G

/S$R A

^

tw

1167-1260

Nos.

Sun-yuen-suh-zu-tsân-£u-lun,

1261-1297 Works

dharma of the Mahâyftna and Hînayâna, successively admitted

of

Y u e n ( A . D.

1280-1368)

dynasties.

Nos.

. the

into

960-1127 1298-1320

during the later (or Northern) and Southern Sun (A. D.

1280) and

COLUMN

.

.

257

.

277

Abhi-

the Canon and

1127-

.

,

.

287

=?i ^ ^ ^ f ! S i - t l m - s h a n - h h i e n - A w a n - t s i , W o r k s of the sages and wise men of the western country, i . e . India. Nos. 1321-1467 . . . .

293

FOURTH DIVISION. Tsil-ts&n ( ' S a m y u k t a - p i i a k a ? ' ) 1 , M i s c e l l a n e o u s W o r k s . PART

I.

iHS

PART I I . (a) (b)

(0)

i t jtt ^

"ib

i t

^

fiE

1468-1621

Tshz'- tliu - hi - shu, W o r k s . . . . . .

of ' this . .

country,' i. e. China. Nos. . . . . .

/ ( f t - A P I Wi T a - m m - B u h - « u - t s & n - £ u - t s i , Several Chinese W o r k s successively admitted into the Canon during the great Min dynasty, A. D. 1 3 6 8 -

325

1644. Nos. 1622-1657

357

if) FfJ' Pe-ts&&-AA(lfi-nftn-tsan-h!ln-hao-fu, W o r k s wanting in the Northern Collection' and now added from the Southern Collection*, with their'case-marks.' Nos. 1658-1662

365

APPENDIX I. 369

L i s t of the I n d i a n AuthorB,, with the titles of the works ascribed to them

APPENDIX II. L i s t of the Translators of the. Chinese Buddhist Tripifnkn, both foreign and native, under successive and contemporaneous dynasties, with short biographical notes, and the titles of their translations which are still in existence

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

•

•

•

•

•

379

APPENDIX III. L i s t of the Chinese Authors

4 6 9

I n d e x of the authorised S a n s k r i t titles

4 6 9

I n d e x of the proper names of the I n d i a n and Chinese Authors and Translators with reference to the three Appendices 1

4 7 7

| f f ( Tsa-tsan, • S a m y u k t a - p i f a k a ( t ) . '

This

Chinese

terra for miscellaneous Indian and Chinese works is used by a Chinese

priest

named

Ji'-utt,

in

his

valuable work

entitled

"ïueh-tsftn-Jfe'-tsiA, or Guide for the Examination of the Canon. I t consists of 48 fasciculi. finished

T h e compilation of this work was

by him in A. D. 1654, after he had Bpent about twenty

years in a careful examination of the w h o l e Canon, beginning from his thirtieth year. I have a copy of the J apanese edition in my possession, sent to me from the temple E a s t e r n Hongwanzi last year. ' F o r the Southern and Northern Collections of the TrlpifAkn under the MiA dynasty, Bee my introduction to this Catalogue, p. xxii.

INTRODUCTION. T H E OBJECT

OF T H I S

CATALOGUE.

T H I S is a complete Catalogue of the Chinese Translation of the Buddhist Tripi/aka, the Sacred Canon of the Buddhists in China and Japan. I t contains not only the titles of 1662 different works (of which 342, however, are miscellaneous works), hut also the names of the authors and translators, together with their dates. The arrangement and classification of these works are the same as in the original Chinese Catalogue, i.e. No. 1662. Notes taken from varioup sources are added under each title with their full references. A list of the principal authorities consulted by me will be found on p. xxxii. Though I gladly and gratefully acknowledge the assistance received from my predecessors, there still remain such difficulties as were pointed out by the Rev. J . Summers in his Descriptive Catalogue of the Chinese, Japanese, and Manchu books in the Library of the India Office, 1872 (p. iv), when he says: ' T h e title of a [Chinese] book is often untranslatable; the author's name is frequently out of sight, and has to be sought for in some obscure corner or work ; the date of the publication is alike often doubtful, and in the case of Buddhist Literature the identification of the Chinese tide with the Sanskrit original is sufficiently troublesome.' This quotation will to a certain extent explain the imperfection of my own work, for which I have to crave the indulgence of those who may use it.

My principal object in making this compilation has been to show the original, though it. may be not quite scientific, arrangement of this great Collection of our Sacred Canon, made in China under the Miii dynasty, A. D. 1368-1644. A copy of the Japanese edition of this Chinese Collection, published in Japan m A.». 1678-1681, is now in the Library of the India Office in London. ' I t is this copy of the Sacred Books,' says the Rev. S. Beal, 'that, (in 1874) I requested His Excellency Iwakura Tomomi to procure for the India Office Library. In 1875 the entire Tripiiaka was received at the India Office, in fulfilment of the promise made by the Japanese ambassador1.' Immediately after this, Mr. Bcal prepared a Catalogue of tli9 books 'for practical purposes2,' which was completed in June 1876, -within the time of six months In the same month (viz. June), I left Japan for England, where I arrived in August of the same year. A t that time I did not know English at all. So I spent about two years and a half in London to learn it, before I could begin my study of Sanskrit. Before I left London for Oxford in February 1879, I had an opportunity of seeing Mr. Beal's Catalogue, but I did not visit the India Office Library till April 1880. In September of the Fame year, I received special permission to examine the whole Collection (except a few works which I have not been able to see to the present day) in the Library. I at once perceived some grave mistakes that had been made concerning the arrangement of the works in this Collection, on the part of some Japanese who had been charged to send this copy from Japan to England. I felt it my duty to correct this wrong arrangement. The original arrangement is by no means so irrational as Mr. Beal thinks, when he says in his Catalogue (p. 1, note 2): 'The travels of the Buddhist Pilgrims, for example, are arranged under the heading of King or Stitras, but it is evident that, this arrangement is purely Chinese, and comparatively modern.' Such an arrangement, however, is neither modern nor Chinese, but nimply erroneous ! If Mr. Beal had adopted what he calls the third method (in his Catalogue, p. 2),

1

Abstract of Four Lectures on Buddhist Literature in China,

delivered at University College, Txjndon, by Rev. S. Bial, 1881, P•

* Ibid., p. THI. • The Ruddliist Tripiiakn, as it is known in China and Japan. A Catalogue and Compendious Report, by Rev. 3. Beal, 1876. b s

INTRODUCTION. t a k i n g the w o r k s in t h e order of the I n d e x , or of the original C a t a l o g u e , i. e. N o . 1 6 6 2 , t h e proper a r r a n g e m e n t w o u l d have been a t once restored, t h o u g h it w o u l d of course have required nearly an entire r e - a d j u s t m e n t of the contents of the *ono h u n d r e d and three cases.'

Moreover, this o r i g i n a l a r r a n g e m e n t e x a c t l y corresponds

w i t h the order of ' d e t e r m i n i n g characters,' t a k e n f r o m t h e ' T h o u s a n d C h a r a c t e r C o m p o s i t i o n . ' T h e present compilation is the result of m y

o w n examination

of

the Collection in

September

1880.

I regret, h o w e v e r , t h a t I have been unable to g i v e a m o r e complete account of each w o r k , o r to show contents of the w h o l e Collection more f u l l y . I

have

succeeded

in

identifying

n n u m b e r of

c o m p a r e the C h i n e s e translations w i t h g i v e n in the first I n d e x .

Nevertheless, w i t h t h e h e l p of several learned w o r k s , I the Chinese

titles1.

the original S a n s k r i t texts.

In

a f e w cases I

was

also

the

think

able

to

T h e S a n s k r i t titles thus identified are

I n t h e second I n d e x , the names of the I n d i a n and C h i n e s e a u t h o r s and translators

are arranged alphabetically.

These t w o Indices, together w i t h three A p p e n d i c e s w h i c h precede them, w i l l ,

I hope, be of some use in d e t e r m i n i n g the dates of certain authors and their works. I

have

made, a

distinction

between

the

authors

and translators.

There

arc some

Chinese

authors

w h o not only t r a n s l a t e d S a n s k r i t w o r k s i n t o Chinese, b u t also composed original treatises in Chinese.

In

this case their nameB are mentioned in the second A p p e n d i x as w e l l as i n the third. THE

CHINESE

BUDDHIST

T h e Chinese B u d d h i s t literature is somewhat works some

of

China.

of their

It

dates

historical

f r o m the

first

c e n t u r y of

works were written

consists of translations of S a n s k r i t w o r k s ;

LITERATURE.

different in its style

long

the

before.

from

the

Christian

era, w h i l e

Now

Chinese

the

classical the

and

historical

C h i n e s e classics and

Buddhist; l i t e r a t u r e

chiefly

so that i t is not only f u l l of transliterations, b u t also of quite

literal renderings of technical t e r m s and proper names.

T h e s e require special s t u d y .

A s t h e sound of

the

C h i n e s e characters has been c h a n g i n g in successive periods and in different parts of C h i n a , t h e transliteration v a r i e s in various translations, made f r o m the first c e n t u r y A. r>. d o w n to the t h i r t e e n t h . ÏB generally less f u l l , so

that

it

T h e older transliteration

is more difficult to restore i t to its S a n s k r i t original, unless it is first

compared w i t h a later and fuller transliteration.

F o r this k i n d of study there are s i x u s e f u l w o r k s in the

present Collection, n a m e l y : — ( 1 ) N o . 1604, Shâo-hhin-&un-tiâo-tâ~tsâri-yin, or a d i c t i o n a r y of the B u d d h i s t C a n o n , r e p u b l i s h e d in the Sh&o-lihin period, A. n. 1 1 3 1 - 1 1 6 2 . 3 fasciculi. (2) N o . 1 6 0 5 , Yi-tshiê-£in~yin-i, or a dictionary of the w h o l e Cnnon.

D a t e s f r o m A. I). 649.

26 fasciculi.

(3) N o . 1 6 0 6 , H w a - y e n - & i n - y i n - i , o r a dictionary of the Buddhftvatamsaka-siitra, N o . 88.

Dates from

A. D. 700.

4 fasciculi.

(4) N o . 1 6 2 1 , T â - m i n - s â n - t s â n - f â - s h u , or a concordance of numerical t e r m s and phrases o f t h e L a w the T r i p i i a k o , collected u n d e r the great, M i n d y n a s t y , A. D. 1 3 6 8 - 1 6 4 4 . (5) No. 1636, AïSo-shan-fâ-shu.

of

40 fasciculi.

T h i s is a later collection similar to N o . 1 6 2 1 .

D a t e s f r o m A. n. 1 4 3 1 .

1 2 fasciculi. ( 6 ) N o . 1 6 4 0 , Ffin-i-min-i-tsi, lit. ' a collection of the m e a n i n g s of the ( S a n s k r i t ) names translated (into Chinese).'

D a t e s from

A.». n g i .

2 ° fasciculi.

T h i s is a v e r y useful dictionary of

the technical

terms

and p r o p e r names, both in S a n s k r i t and Chinese B u d d h i s t literature, though it requires much correction. B e s i d e these, I m u s t not o m i t t w o v a l u a b l e w o r k s of E u r o p e a n scholars, n a m e l y : — ( 1 ) M é t h o d e p o u r déchiffer et transcrire les noms Sanskrits, par M. Stanislas J u l i e n , 1 8 6 1 . (2) H a n d b o o k for the S t u d e n t of Chinese B u d d h i s m , b y R e v . E . J . E i t e l , 1 8 7 0 . DIFFERENT

COLLECTIONS

BUDDHIST There

still

TRIPIÎ'AKA

remain

T r i p i i a k a , and w h e n

was

two

AND

EDITIONS

AND

THE

questions, n a m e l y :

such

a Collection

OF

THIRTEEN Who

published

THE

CHINESE

TRANSLATION

C A T A L O G U E S NOAV I N

collected the C h i n e s e

Translation

in C h i n a , Corea, and J a p a n ?

OF

THE

EXISTENCE. In

of

the

Buddhist

answering

these

questions, I m u s t g i v e an historical sketch of o u r Collection. 1

W h e n e v e r the meaning of the Chinese title is not quito the

Mine ns that of the Sanskrit title, it has been translate.! quite literally into English, or sometimes into Sanskrit.

All

these

renderings nre printed in small type with inverted commas, under the Chinese titles.

INTRODUCTION. We

have

Buddhist

in

the present

Tripiiaka.

A

Collection

chronological

thirteen

table

of

Catalogues these

or

xiii Indices

of

with

their

Catalogues

the

Chinese

titles,

Translation

and

those

of

of

the

different

C o l l e c t i o n s and E d i t i o n s , w i l l be f o u n d t o w a r d s the end of this I n t r o d u c t i o n . Beside

these, there arc

which were mentioned

in

the

and

some

to h a v e been t h i r t y - o n e L i s t s T h e titles, however, and

Khai-yucn-ln,

dated from the Tshin These

said

lost a t that time.

of

No. 1485,

and the Former

the

or

f a s c . 1 0 , fol. 1 a s c q .

or W e s t e r n H i m

r e s t a r e of course v e r y

Indices compiled

compilers,

mid

even

The

two

A. n . 7 3 0 , a l l

before

of

contents of some of t h e m oldest

Lists

are

said

to

are have

d y n a s t i e s , n. c . 2 2 1 - 2 0 6 a n d 2 0 2 - A . D. 9 , r e s p e c t i v e l y .

doubtful.

I

shall

therefore not dwell on the missing

Lists

or Indices, b u t proceed at once to e x a m i n e the m o r e substantial materials.

TRANSLATIONS

NOW

IN

EXISTENCE, OF

The following works

AND

ABOUT

MENTIONED

in e x i s t e n c e i n the p r e s e n t C o l l e c t i o n

t h e /(7su-san-tsan-/

Mahayana. A7iu-s&n-tsSn-/ci-tsi. No.

(3)

2

5 a

2r b

59

/Srimala-dcvl-simhfuinda

„

30 a

8 b

61

Mahavnipulya-mah&sannipata-Efitra

„

24 a

b

66

Sumerugarbha

22 a

3

68

Akasngaibha-bodhisatlva-sfitra

2

19 b

70

' Akli.cngarbha-bodhisattva-dhyana-

9 a

Tathngata&intya-guhya-nirdesa

29 a

73

buddhanusmriti-samadhi

3 (44) Eatnnrftsi, or Itatnaparasi

25 b

7 4 A k s b a r a m a t i-mrdesa-sfttra

10 a

79

23 (47) I? 11 tila&fl