Women, Citizenship and Difference 9781856496452, 1856496457, 9781856496469, 1856496465

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Women, Citizenship and Difference

edited by

Nira Yuval-Davis and Pnina Werbner

@ Zed Books LONDON AND NEW YORK

joW uvnWomen, Citi^tnsbip and Difftrtnct was first published in 1999 by Zed Books Ltd., 7 Cynthia Street, London N1 9JF, UK and Room 400, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA in association with the International Centre for Contemporary Cultural Research Universities of Manchester and Keele, UKDistributed in the USA exclusively by St Martin’s Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA. Editorial copyright © Nira Yuval-Davis and Pnina Werbner, 1999 Individual chapters copyright © authors of individual chapters as indicated on pp. v-vi Cover design by Andrew Corbett Set in lO/ll'/j pt Monotype Garamond by Long House, Cumbria, UK Printed and bound in the U nited Kingdom by Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King’s Lynn The rights of the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 All rights reserved A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library US CIP has been applied for ISBN Hb 1 85649 645 7 Pb 1 85649 646 5

Contents

Notes on Contributors Prvfacc cr* \ 1.

vii xi

Introduction: Women and the New Discourse of Citizenship Pnina Werbner and Nira Yuval-Davis

1

PART ONE DIALOGICAL CITIZENSHIPS

39

2.

Citizenship Revisited Alison A ssiter

41

3.

Right-Wing ‘Feminism’: a Challenge to Feminism as an Emancipatory Movement Birgit Rommelspacher

54

4.

I t Works Both Ways’: Belonging and Social Participation among Women with Disabilities Judith Monks

65

PART TWO EXCLUSIONARY CITIZENSHIPS

85

5.

Female Education and Citizenship in Afghanistan: a Turbulent Relationship Niloufar Pour^and

87

6.

Citizenship, Difference and Education: Reflections Inspired by the South African Transition Elaine Unterbalter

100

7.

Producing the Mothers of the Nation: Race, Class and Contemporary US Population Policies Patricia H ill Collins

118

8.

Constitutionally Excluded: Citizenship and (Some) Irish Women 130 Ronit Lentin

PART THREE AMBIVALENT CITIZENS: MIGRANTS AND REFUGEES

145

9.

Feminism, Multiculturalism, Essenrialism Aleksandra Àlund

147

10.

Muslim and South Asian Women: Customary Law and Citizenship in Britain Samia Bano

162

11.

Embodied Rights: Gender Persecution, State Sovereignty and Refugees Jacqueline Bbabha

178

12.

Refugee Women in Serbia: Their Experiences of War, Nationalism and State Building Maja Korac

192

PART FOUR FEMINIST CITIZENSHIPS IN A GLOBAL ECUMENE 13. \ »

*J

\14.

205

Globalisation and the Gendered Politics of Citizenship 207 J an J in