Warriors of Anatolia: A Concise History of the Hittites 9781788318976, 9781786735287
The Hittites in the Late Bronze Age became the mightiest military power in the Ancient Near East. Yet their empire was a
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English Pages [301] Year 2019
Cover
Halftitle page
Series page
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication
CONTENTS
MAPS AND FIGURES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
An important update to p. 256
CHAPTER 1 REDISCOVERING A LOST WORLD
A STRANGE WORLD REVEALED
SOLVING THE MYSTERY
RIGHT FOR ALL THE WRONG REASONS
THE HITTITE LANGUAGE DECIPHERED
CHAPTER 2 HOW DO THE HITTITES TELL US ABOUT THEMSELVES?
READING THE ANCIENT SCRIPTS
THE SCRIBES AND THEIR TABLETS
WHAT DO THE HITTITES TELL US ABOUT THEMSELVES?
CHAPTER 3 THE DWAN OF THE HITTITE ERA
A KINGDOM EMERGES
THE RESURRECTION OF A CITY ACCURSED
THE HITTITES ON THE INTERNATIONAL STAGE
CHAPTER 4 THE LEGACY OF AN AILING KING
AN AILING KING'S BEQUEST
THE TRUTH OF THESE MASTERS?
A WORTHY SUCCESSOR
CHAPTER 5 `NOW BLOODSHED HAS BECOME COMMON'
NEW RULES OF ROYAL SUCCESSION
DID THE NEW RULES WORK?
ENTER THE KINGDOMS OF MITTANI AND EGYPT
CHAPTER 6 THE SETTING FOR AN EMPIRE
RECONSTRUCTING A MAP OF THE HITTITE WORLD
GREEKS IN HITTITE TEXTS?
THE HITTITE WORLD IN REVIEW
CHAPTER 7 BUILDING AN EMPIRE
DIPLOMACY INSTEAD OF BRUTE FORCE
A NEW SYRIAN VENTURE
THE KING HEADS WEST
WHY DID THE HITTITES GO WEST?
CHAPTER 8 LION OR PUSSYCAT?
THE CONSTANT FUGITIVE
THE FUGITIVE TURNS TREACHEROUS
AN EXAMPLE OF DIPLOMATIC SPIN?
PROBLEMS ELSEWHERE
CHAPTER 9 FROM NEAR EXTINCTION TO THE THRESHOLD OF SUPERMACY
URGENT BELLETINS TO REGIONAL OFFICIALS
HATTI UNDER EXISTENTIAL THREAT
THE TIDE TURNS
ANOTHER ROYAL COUP
CHAPTER 10 THE GREATEST KINGDOM OF THEM ALL
DIPLOMATIC PREPARATIONS FOR BRUTE FORCE
OPEN WAR WITH MITTANI
APPEAL FROM AN EGYPTIAN ROYAL WIDOW
THE END OF MITTANI AND THE RISE OF ASSYRIA
SUPPILULIUMA'S LEGACY
CHAPTER 11 INTERMEDIARIES OF THE GODS: THE GREAT KINGS OF HATTI
THE GOD'S DEPUTY
THE KING'S SECULAR RESPONSIBILITIES
THE `GREAT FAMILY'
BECOMING A GOD
THE HIEROGLYPHIC INSCRIPTIONS
CHAPTER 12 KING BY DEFAULT
A `MERE CHILD' ON THE THRONE
THE NEW ARZAWA CAMPAINS
RENEWED PRESSURES FROM OTHER DIRECTIONS
PLAGUE
CHAPTER 13 HEALTH, HYGIENE AND HEALING
WARNING OF POLLUTION
THE RITUALIST
THE HOLISTIC APPROACH
DOCTORS ON LOAN FROM ABROAD
HITTITE BIRTHS AND MIDWIVES
CHAPTER 14 JUSTICE AND THE COMMONER
THE HITTITE LAWS
THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPENSATION
ON HIS MAJETY'S SERVICE?
A FASCINATING GLIMPSE INTO THE WORLD OF THE COMMONER
CHAPTER 15 NO SEX PLEASE, WE'RE HITTITE
THE HORROR OF INCEST
ADULTERY
BESTIALITY
EVEN LICIT SEX COULD POLLUTE
WHAT WENT ON IN THE ARZANA-HOUSE?
CHAPTER 16 WOMEN, MARRIAGE AND SLAVERY
THE WOMEN OF THE EMPIRE
TILL DEATH US DO PART?
THE UNFREE IN HITTITE SOCIETY
MATRILOCAL AND MIXED MARRIAGES
ROYAL BRIDES
WOMEN IN THE WORKFORCE
CHAPTER 17 WAR WITH EGYPT
THE AMURRITE TERRORIST CLAN
THE LOOMING SHOWDOWN WITH EGYPT
A NEW ROYAL CAPITAL
NEW PROBLEMS IN THE WEST
THE BATTLES OF QADESH
CHAPTER 18 ALL THE KING'S HORSES AND ALL THE KING'S MEN: THE HITTITE MILITARY MACHINE1
THE SIZE OF THE ARMY
THE COMPOSITION OF THE ARMY
WEAPONS AND BATTLE DRESS
CHARIOTS AND HORSES
ARMY DISCIPLINE
HOW DID THEY DO IT?
THE ROLE OF THE TREATY
CHAPTER 19 THE MAN WHO WOULD BE KING
THE PATHWAY OF GREAT KINGSHIP
THE ILL-FATED REIGN OF MUWATTALLI'S SON
THE USURPER SEEKS ENDORSEMENT BOTH AT HOME AND ABROAD
PEACE AT LAST!
THE DEFIANT RENEGADE
CHAPTER 20 PARTNERS IN POWER: THE GREAT QUEENS OF HATTI
A RULER IN HER OWN RIGHT?
THE WICKED STEPMOTHER
THE FORMIDABLE PUDUHEPA
CHAPTER 21 CITY OF TEMPLES AND BUREAUCRATS: THE ROYAL CAPITAL1
THE GREAT RAMPART, POSTERN GATE AND CITY-WALLS
THE SPHINX GATE
THE UPPER AND LOWER CITIES
THE CITY'S TEMPLES
ROCKS AND PONDS
THE PALACE
WHO ELSE LIVED IN HATTUSA?
GRAIN STORAGE DEPOTS
THE WARRIOR-GOD'S GATE
RECONSTRUCTING HATTUSA'S WALLS3
CHAPTER 22 AN ELITE FRATERNITY: THE CLUB OF ROYAL BROTHERS
A ROYAL DIPLOMATIC MISSION
THE ROYAL CLUB
THE AMARNA LETTERS
CHAPTER 23 THE EMPIRE'S STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL
A LOYAL SUBJECT OR AN AMBITIOUS PRETENDER?
RISING UNREST THROUGHOUT THE KINGDOM
THE ASSYRIAN MENACE
TUDHALIYA'S CYPRUS CAMPAIGN
CHAPTER 24 HATTI'S DIVINE OVERLORDS
THE THOUSAND GODS
YAZILIKAYA1
THE FESTIVAL YEAR
THE HUMAN FACE OF THE GODS
HITTITE MYTH
`VENGEANCE IS MINE'
CHAPTER 25 DEATH OF AN EMPIRE1
ON THE VERGE OF DISINTEGRATION
OR DID HE ENTER TARHUNTASSA?
KEEPING ALIVE THE LAND OF HATTI
ATTACKS BY LAND AND SEA
A ROYAL CITY ABANDONED
APPENDIX 1 RULERS OF HATTI
APPENDIX 2 OUTLINE OF MAIN EVENTS IN HITTITE HISTORY
THE OLD KINGDOM
THE NEW KINGDOM
NOTES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
Recommend Papers
- Author / Uploaded
- Trevor Bryce
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Citation preview
Warriors of Anatolia
i
Also available from Bloomsbury Alexander the Great: Themes and Issues by Edward M. Anson Babylon: Legend, History and the Ancient City by Michael Seymour Birth of the Persian Empire edited by Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis and Sarah Stewart Hammurabi of Babylon by Dominique Charpin Imagining Xerxes: Ancient Perspectives on a Persian King by Emma Bridges The Age of the Parthians edited by Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis and Sarah Stewart The Cyrus Cylinder: The Great Persian Edict from Babylon edited by Irving Finkel
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Warriors of Anatolia A Concise History of the Hittites Trevor Bryce
iii
BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA 29 Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2, Ireland BLOOMSBURY, BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2019 by I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. Paperback edition published by Bloomsbury Academic 2023 Copyright © Trevor Bryce, 2019, 2023 Trevor Bryce has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. Cover image: Late Hittite relief, early first millennium BC, depicting warrior armed with spear and shield. It postdates the fall of the Bronze Age kingdom by three or more centuries. From Carchemish, Turkey (photo by DEA / M. SEEMULLER / De Agostini / Getty Images) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third-party websites referred to or in this book. All internet addresses given in this book were correct at the time of going to press. The author and publisher regret any inconvenience caused if addresses have changed or sites have ceased to exist, but can accept no responsibility for any such changes. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN:
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