Upper Svaneti. Medieval mural painting 9789941016929

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Upper Svaneti Medieval Mural Painting

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0~0C'>8do 2,08C'>i:J:Jb:J07J~00 o· 87JOOb003o~oli li0b. J0Mm7J~O b::i~(")36::iooli olic,C'>Mooli0 ~0 d::i2,~m0 ~0030'\i J3~::i3oli :JMM3b7]~ o::iEic,Mm06 0Mli:J07J~O b. jC'>07]~0doli li0b. b::i~(")3Ei::iooli d::i2,~m0 ~0Jli0oooli ~C'>(5C'>~00C'>M0C5C'>Mooli [("). jC'>00~0~, 0 . b080cl0 Aod::i: (1981) 65-77; 103-106; 108-109; 111; 113; (1985) 49-50; 52; 54(2); 55-56; 59-63; 182-187. ("). JC'> o0~0~, 0 . o:JM'li0800: (1986) 38-39. ("). JC'>o0~0060,0 0 6. lio3JEiJC'>30: (1986) 194-195(1); 199; 235-238; 240-241. 806. J0~0d::i: (200 12-15; 20-21; 36-37; 102; 107; 110; 112; 114-121; 166-173; 188-193; 195(2)-198; 200-209; 226-234; 250-269]; a. JO~Mo°b [(2005) 160; (2006) 127; 139-143]; bOJ, 308::iocl3o~oli [(2007) 40-48; 51; 53; 54(1); 57-58; 64; 82-85; 90; 126; 128-131 ; 13 , 161; 271-285] ~0 0 . ~::i8::ic,A0cl3o~oli [(2008) 5; 16-19; 22-35; 78-81; 86-89; 91-101; 122-125; 132-137; 144-159; 162-16 - ; 174-181, 210-225; 242-249; 270; 286-287; 294-295] ~C'>(5C'>JOO. m060~2,C'>8oli0 ~0 ~0b80A::ioolim3oli a0~~C'>00b a(")30bli::iEi::iom 8::ilic,ooli0 ~0 'b::ia(") li30Ei::imoli :J30bJC'>3C'>bb a::i0~:J 0~0MOC'>bb, 8::ilic,ooli 87JEioooJ0~06::i6oli 2,082,JC'>Oob J'Z)~C,7:JMOb, 2,060m~::iooli, d::i2,~m0 ~0030'\i, (57JMO'b8oli, b3C'>MC50li0 ~0 0b0~2,0'bM~7]~ li0J8::im0 li08bb7JMOli m0608dMC'>8~::ioli0 ~0 o-6 bOJ, 308::iocl3o~li a(")v(")~:J07J~O ~(")c,(")80li0~olim3oli.

©2010 a. s::iEio0 ©2010 o· 87JOOb003o~oli li0b. J0Mm7J~O b:J~C'>3b:JOOb obc,C'>Mooli0 ~0 d::i2,~m0 ~0030'\i J3~::i3oli :JMC'>3b7J~O o::iEic,M() S3J~0 0 ~~::io0 ~00 0 ~00

Album concept, text and translation

Dr. Marine Kenia

Design

George Demetrashvili Nata Kipiani Natalia Ghlonti

Map

George Dzamoev

Photo material used in the album: S. Kobuladze Monuments Photo Recording Laboratory of G. Chubinashvili National Research Centre for Georgian Art History and Heritage Preservation [O. Kobaliani, G. Khamashuridze: (1981) 65-77; 103-106; 108109; 111; 113; (1985) 49-50; 52; 54(2); 55-56; 59-63; 182-187. 0. Kobaliani, G. Gersamia: (1986) 38-39. 0. Kobaliani, Yur. Sivenkov: (1986) 194-195(1); 199; 235-238; 240-241. Mir. Kiladze : (2008 ) 12-15; 20-21; 36-37; 102; 107; 110; 112; 114-121; 166-173; 188-193; 195(2)-198; 200-209; 226-234; 250-269]; Mir. Kiladze [(2005) 160; (2006) 127; 139-143]; N. Vacheishvili [(2007) 40-48; 51; 53; 54(1); 57-58; 64; 82-85; 90; 126; 128-131; 138; 161; 271-285] and G. Demetrashvili [(2008) 5; 16-19; 22-35; 78-81; 86-89; 91-101; 122-125; 132-137; 144-159; 162-16S; 1 4-181, 210-225; 242-249; 270; 286-287; 294-295]. Special thanks are due to Illarion, Bishop of Mestia and Upper Svaneti fo r support; we express our gratitude to the staff of Mestia Municipality Unit of Culture, Education, Monuments Protection, Tourism, Sport and Youth Affairs for assistance; thanks to Dr. Nikoloz Vacheishvili for the provided photomaterial. ©2010 M. Kenia ©2010 G. Chubinashvili National Research Centre for Georgian Art History and Heritage Preservation All rights reserved

s~0'b::i: a0 0 b30Aooo. o'bC'>o0 C~::i60~0) On the cover: Matskhvarishi. Entry into Jerusalem (detail) UDC ('J>J) 75.052(479.22)

ISBN 978-9941-0-1692-9

a-43

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J "'-

...

• ..

,fH;, '}' ~

,..,

~

Tsvirmi Church of the Saviour Interior Murals. First Half ofthe 12th

c.

95

OMO.> Nativity

97

Tsvirmi (Chobani Quarter) Church of the Archangels Interior Murals. 12th c. 3:JQ?M:JO.>. ~aMmo liaclMO:Js:'.'._)0 D eesis. The Virgin

30Q?M:JO.>. a., 0 bM 3.,Mo Deesis. The Saviour

99

·1 I

.,......,,.:.,

.,-r-

>

'j I

\'

Matskhvarishi Church of the Saviour Interior Murals. 1140

li.\fZJMm b 03~0 li a(Y) b.,~'ZJ~Mo Chancel Murals

103

J';'JM01b;:i3° aOCJ,R-(ryo. 1-oli aD'DD_~ ~D of the King Demetre I Coronanon

116

6D'h,rzi6o, a~o bM3Mob DJ~DtiOt) ~.)(90.)'bob 8C'JfM(9'Z]~C'J0.). XII b.-ob II 6.)b(jJ.)MO

Nezguni Church of the Saviour Naos Murals. Second Half ofthe 12th

c.

Tsvirmi ( Chobani Quarter) Church of St. George Interior Murals. 12th c.

~oMo ~ 8Mmo li.; T h e Holy Face

123

3;:J~M;JO. U;JMMOo6o Deesis. Seraph

124

3;:J~M;JO. J;JMMOo6o Deesis. Cherub

Jt)~Ooo, m~Mo60'bD~o 'h DJ~D'hot) n6.,. 9a. aM 0 030 ~0 Ascension. Holy Apostle 131

Tsaldashi Church of the Saviour Interior Murals. 12th c.

• '1

• f.

;

East Parade Murals. 12th c. I .;

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.

. :~ . :,

Pari Svipi Church of St. George

.r

". _;. ..:·r··"'··. w

. .,._.

"i

•

1 • • • •;

~... · ' ~

.:r.r

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:~ :>'~"--., .-: ' ( ~~ ~ ~ . .

. ..-'), .·.-.\:,·,

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I,

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j•

.' /"" r ~ ,, -

.,..

9a a Descent of che Holy osc. HM(310J'Z]!.".;?Oo o YApostles

Gh .

158

~ bM6MOMO, O)t)PJ063 %0~0 'h OJ~O tiOt)

c,

06 !JMn!JMO u.)

~.)

J .)6J!Jf!::!O u

a(Y) rMt!J 'Zlf!::!(")0.). x III u.

Pkhotreri Church of the Archangels Interior and Chancel-barrier Murals. 13th c.

,p6Jo~oli 8Mb0(1!)';'.)~MO.l Chancel-barrier Murals

165

Tangili Church Interior Murals. 13th c.

't \

.. ...i

). ·'

o;:l>'ZJ li0~oa0~ clo li3~0

I

I

Entry into Jerusalem

I

170 ''l

I·

\,

\ I ,, I

\, ..

\

'·

• ,•

,. I

abo~0Mo va. 30Mfl30 Sr. George on Horseback

172

'li'ZJ~ovao~o li aC"l'B:)60 Descent of the Holy Ghost

173

Khe Church of St. Barbara Interior and Chancel-barrier Murals. J Jth c.

va.

Dd~::i'boob Holy Bishops

176

a.1a.160

va. Dd~oboob Holy Bishops

a.1a.160 177

J"6Joc::?01i a(Y)b.,~ 0 c::?MO.> Chancel-barrier Murals

178

Jc>6Jo~o'\i 8Mbc>0"ZJ~C'l6c>.

va. 8m.:i3.:,M.:i62i_D~M'b60

~MO:)~ ~.:, UMMO:J~

Chancel-barrier Murals. Sc. Archangels Unel and Sonel

180

JMO 'li00 -038.:i6'Zlo~o

Christ-Eroman uel

181

~aMO'lOliBaMO~O1i Bodo6;:io.; Dormition

184

~8Mmo 1i8clMO~O1i 8odooooc>. b;J C"lJMC"lJOMO

St. John Chrysostom

va.

o.;lioc:::o ~o~o

St. Basil the Great

195

va.

va.

03~0~" ~" J30C'10J:J St. Julieta and St. Cerycus

200

\J'3. c,OMCVlc,O St. George

va.

~oao~~o

St. Demetnus

209

Pari Svipi Church of St. George Interior and Chancel-barrier Murals. Late 14th c.

"

214

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/

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l '. \

.-

........

-

-~

/

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.-

/

/

/"-

r;J o5.i lir;J .iM3o6iJ30c:?O UMc:?M3C'15

Prophet Solomon

222

r;J3 . oMo5o St. Irene

r;Jo5.ilif.(j.iM3o6iJ30c:?O ~.i3om Prophet David

r;Jo5.ilif.(j.iM3o6iJ30c:?O ooMo3o.i Prophet Jeremiah

223

.,.

,.

.JI'~60 ~.) aouo 800~~0 Mikel Iveldiani and his wife

232

80.:Jo~ 030~~0.>fioU 3.>tJO ~.> 3ouo 3o 0 ~~0 Mikel Iveldiani's Son and his wife Nate!

fi.>a>O~

LJ.jJZJMm 75JJ~O LJ.j ~.) JcJ6JD~o u a(Y) be)(!!; ZJ~C96cJ, XIV u.-o u 'BZJ.) 15.)6.); ~c)tc::?~.'> '/lo, a... o bM3Mo li DJc::?D lio.;

20. 6.'>JO'lJ.'>Mo, '.j\'; 0fl.; 0 oli OJc::?Olio.;

24. bo, 0.'>MO.'>c:::ioli OJc::?olio.;

J

J

J

Hadishi church of the Saviour

~

.

Hadishi Church of the Archangels

J

Hadishi church of St. George

Khe church of St. Barbara

25. O'lJM.'>flo, m.;flo6 0'boc:::ioli DJc::?Olio.;

0 ·

Tsaldashi church of the Saviour

Nakipari church of St. George

J

22. J.;~oclo, m.;flo6 0 'boc:::ioli DJc::?;Jlio.; 23. J.;~oclo, '.j\';3fl.; 0 oli OJc::?;Jlio.;

Tsvirmi (Chobani quarter) church of the Archangels

I Chvabiani church of the Saviour

19. f\3.;oo.;60, a.,o bM3floli OJc::?;JliO.'>

21. d.'>~O '/lo, a... o bM3Mo li DJc::?O lio.;

J

J

f\.;'il.;'/lo, a.,(3bM3floli Ddc::?:Jlio.;

J

J

Iprari church of the Archangels

Chazhashi church of the Saviour

tJOOHMoli li3o'l30 '.j\';2JM.'> 0 oli ;JJc::?Olio 2. 'B M

I Pari Svipi chur~

St. George

J

;)Mo m.;flo6 0'bo~oli/ Mo63'bo~oli ;JJ~olio.;

J

Lashtkhveri church of the

)

I

11. 6o'b3060, a.,(3bM3floli OJ~olio.; I Nezguni church of the Saviour 12. 380, 8.;(3bM3flo'\i ;JJ~;JUO.'>

Lagami church of the Saviour

15.

V3ofl80, a.,o bM3Mo li I

OJ~;JUO.'> I Tsvirmi church of the Saviour

(

/

/

1.

M06o'bo~ob Od~obo.; ................................. 162 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) - II cno6.; .... ......... ......... 163-164 j6Jo~oU 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .... .. ................................ ........ ...... .. 165 3. 0~3.)~ob :XoMoOb Od~obo.; .................................... ............ 242 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .............. .. .................. .. ..... 243-249

17. \J3oc:',8ob ~Mo.;6 -m.;c:',o6 0'bo~ob Od~obo.; ..... ...... .... ............... 98 o66oMooMob 8Mb.)6"ZJ~M0.) ........................................... 99-101 18. (3,)~~.)dob a.,(3bM3Mob OJ~obo.; ...................................... .. 132 o66oMooMob 8Mb,)6"ZJ~M0.) ............. ....... .. ... ... ................ .. ... 133

19. ~3.;00.;60 b a.,o bM3Mo b OJ~ 0bo.; ................. ........................... 16 o66oMooMob 8Mb.,6 0 ~Mo.; - I cno6 .... .. ................ ......... 17-19 20. 6.;.3ocn.)MOU :XoM.)oob OJ~obo.; ........................................ 28; 78 o66oMooMob ~.) d"6Jo~ob 8Mb.)6"ZJ~M0.) ..... ............... 79-93 'D.)U.)~OU 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ............................................. ....... 29-31

4. a.,ob3.;c:',oclob m.;c:',o6 0'bo~ob Od~obo.; ........... .. ... ........... .... . 258 o66oMooMob.; ~.) J6Jo~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ...... ........ 259-269

21. J.;~oclob a.,(3bM3Mob Od~obo.; ························· ······· ············· 138 o66oMooMob 8Mb,)6"ZJ~M0.) ······ ························ ··········· 139- 143

5. a.,ob3.;c:',oclob a.,(3bM3Mob Od~obo.; ...................................... 102

22. J.;~oclob m.;c:',o6 0'bo~ob OJ~obo.; ........... .... .. .. .......... ..... ..... 126 o66oMooMob 8Mb.)6"ZJ~M0.) .......................... .......... ..... 127-131

o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .......................................... 103-117

6. ocnbob :XoMoOb OJ~obo.; ........ ................................... .. .......... 20 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .......... .............. ...... ............... ... ... 21 7. Qo6.,7:Job Q.;6ob Od~obo.; .... .... .... ....... .. ....................... ............ 188 o66oMooMob.; ~.) J6Jo~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .............. 189-191

23. J.;~oclob :XoM.)oOb OJ~obo.; (bMcno~clo) ............. .... ....... ... 40 o66oMooMob.; ~.) cn.,b.,~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ............. ... .... 41-47 24. bob o.;c:',o.;~ob Od~obo.; ... ...... .... ........ .. ........ ........... ......... .... 174 o66oMooMob ~,) .3.;6.3o~ob a(")b.)6"ZJ~M0.) ............... 175-187

8. m.;6~o~ob Od~obo.; .. .......... ...... ............. .......... ......... .... ......... 166 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ... ............ .... ... .............. .... . 167-173

25. ocnc:',.,c:',ob m.;c:',o6 0'bo~ob OJ~obo.; ................... .. .... .............. 48 o66oMooMob.; ~., .3.;6Jo~ob 8Mb.,6 0 ~MO .... .............. 49-63

9. 8boc:',ob Od~obo.; ................... .. .................. ... ....... ....... .. ........... 226 o66oMooMob.; ~.) J6Jo~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .............. 227 -233

26. ~.; 00 MJ., (IJa . .33oc:',o.3ob., ~., 15'8 . 03~06.;b Od~obo.; d.,~.,7:Jo) ....... ......... .... . 64 o66oMooMob.; ~.) .3.;6.3o~ob 8Mb.)6"ZJ~M0.) .......... ........ 65-77

10. ~.;clmb3oc:',ob m.;c:',o6 0'bo~ob Od~obo.; .... ..... .............. ....... 234 o66oMooMo - b.;.3 0 c:',mbo3~ob.; ~., j6Jo~oU 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .................... 235-237 o66oMooMo - ~.;c:',o.;'bob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ... .. ............... 23 8-240 'DU~OOOU 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ....... .... ....................... ........... .... ... 241 11. 6o'bo06ob a.,(3bM3Mob OJ~obo.; .............. ............ ....... ... 12; 118 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) - I cno6.; ··························· 13-15 o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) - II cno6.; ...................... 119-121

27. ~.)tJ.)dOU a.,(3bM3Mob Od~obo.; .................. .. ...... ........ .. ........ 270 o660MOOMOU.) ~,) .3.;6.3o~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) .............. 271-285 'D.)U.)~ob a(")b.)6"ZJ~M0.) ........................................... ..... 286-287 28 . tJooo.;6ob ~.,a.,c:',o.;b Od~obo.; .............................. .......... 22; 144 o66oMooMob 8Mb,)6"ZJ~M0.) o66oMooMob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) J.)6Jo~ob a(")b,)6"ZJ~M0.) d"6do~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) -

- I cno6.; ······· ···················· 23-26 - II cno6.; ... .. ...... ............ 145-151 I cno6.; ................... .... ............... 27 II cno6.; ......... .......................... 145

12. jMb'ZJ~~ob a.,(3bM3Mob OJ~obo.; ........ .. ...... .... ... ........ .... ... 152 o66oMooMob.; ~,) .3.;6.3o~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ··· ···· ··· ···· 153-161 13. ~obm.;oob ~,)a.)MO.)U Od~obo.; ············ ··· ········· ··· ··············· 250 o66oMooMob.; ~,) .3.;6.3o~ob 8Mb6"ZJ~M0.) ·· ··· ········· 251-257 14. ~,)~.)aob a.,(3bM3Mob Od~obo.; ·········· ··························· 36; 192 J30~" OJ~obo.; - o66oMooMob a(")b.)6"ZJ~M0.),

'bo~"

I cno6., ················································ 37 -39 OJ~obo.; - o66oMooMob.; ~., .3.;6.3o~ob a(") b.;6 0 ~M0.) ................... ............... 193-209

15. \J30M80Ji a.,(3bM3Mob Od~obo.; ........ ........ .... .......................... 94 o66oMooMob 8Mb,)6"ZJ~M0.) ················· ················ ··· ········· 95-97 16. \J30M8ob :XoM.)o -~M0.)6ob Od~obo.; ····· ······················ ···· ····· 122 o66oMooMob 8Mb.)6"ZJ~M0.) ... ... ............ ........ ............... 123-125

291

Index

1. Pari Svipi church of St. George ........................ 32; 134; 210; Interior murals - 1" layer .... .. ........................................ 33-35 Interior murals - 2nd layer ............. ............ 211-213; 215-225 Chancel-barrier murals ............ ......... .................. .............. 214 Exterior murals .......... ..................... .... ...................... . 135-137

2. Pkhotreri church of the Archangels ............ .. ................. 162 Interior murals - 2"