The Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC) 9781646021499

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THE ROYAL INSCRIPTIONS OF SARGON II, KING OF ASSYRIA (721–705 BC)













THE ROYAL INSCRIPTIONS OF THE NEO-ASSYRIAN PERIOD

EDITORIAL BOARD Grant Frame (Philadelphia) Director and Editor-in-Chief

Barry L. Eichler (New York) Karen Radner (Munich) Steve Tinney (Philadelphia)

PROJECT CONSULTANTS Robert K. Englund† (Los Angeles) A. Kirk Grayson (Toronto) Simo Parpola (Helsinki)

Volumes Published 1 The Royal Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III (744–727 BC) and Shalmaneser V (726–722 BC), Kings of Assyria HAYIM TADMOR and SHIGEO YAMADA 3/1 The Royal Inscriptions of Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704–681 BC), Part 1 A. KIRK GRAYSON and JAMIE NOVOTNY 3/2 The Royal Inscriptions of Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704–681 BC), Part 2 A. KIRK GRAYSON and JAMIE NOVOTNY 4 The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680–669 BC) ERLE LEICHTY 5/1 The Royal Inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (668–631 BC), Aur-etel-ilni (630–627 BC), and Sîn-arra-ikun (626–612 BC), Kings of Assyria, Part 1 JAMIE NOVOTNY and JOSHUA JEFFERS
















THE ROYAL INSCRIPTIONS OF THE NEO-ASSYRIAN PERIOD VOLUME 2

The Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC)

GRANT FRAME

with the collaboration of Andreas Fuchs for two inscriptions

EISENBRAUNS University Park, Pennsylvania
















Copyright © 2021 The Pennsylvania State University All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper. ISBN 978-1-64602-109-3

The research and publication of this volume have been supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the University of Pennsylvania, and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.

Cover illustration: Botta, Monument de Ninive 1 pl. 12 depicting the Assyrian King Sargon II Drawing by Sabrina Nortey

The text editions in this work were produced using Oracc. See http://oracc.org for further information.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Sargon II, King of Assyria, –705 B.C., author. | Frame, Grant, editor. Title: The royal inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC) / [edited by] Grant Frame ; with the collaboration of Andreas Fuchs for two inscriptions. Other titles: Royal inscriptions of the neo-Assyrian period ; v. 2. Description: University Park, Pennsylvania : Eisenbrauns, [2021] | Series: The royal inscriptions of the neo-Assyrian period ; volume 2 | Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Inscriptions are in Akkadian or Sumerian; translated into English. Summary: “A collection of English translations of all the official inscriptions of Sargon II, king of Assyria (721–705 BC), as well as those of his wife and officials”—Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020034297 | ISBN 9781646021093 (cloth) Subjects: LCSH: Sargon II, King of Assyria, –705 B.C. | Cuneiform inscriptions, Akkadian. | Cuneiform inscriptions, Sumerian. | Akkadian language—Texts. | Sumerian language—Texts. | Assyria—History— Sources. | Assyria—Kings and rulers. Classification: LCC PJ3837.S2 F73 2021 | DDC 892/.1—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020034297

Eisenbrauns is an imprint of The Pennsylvania State University Press. The Pennsylvania State University Press is a member of the Association of University Presses. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.







To my teachers in Akkadian and Sumerian


































Contents

Detailed Table of Contents . . List of Figures . . . . . . . . . Contents of Scores . . . . . . Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editorial Notes . . . . . . . . Bibliographical Abbreviations Other Abbreviations . . . . . Object Signatures . . . . . . .

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xi xvii xix xxi xxiii xxv xxix xlvii xlix

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

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I. Assyria Dr-arrukn (Khorsabad) Stone Wall Slabs — Nos. 1–8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Bull Colossi — No. 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Pavement Slabs — Nos. 10–22 . . . . . . . . . . . Epigraphs on Stone Wall Slabs — Nos. 23–40 . . . . . . Backs of Stone Wall Slabs and Bull Colossi — Nos. 41–42 Clay Cylinders — No. 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal and Stone Tablets — Nos. 44–47 . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet — No. 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Altars — No. 49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bricks — Nos. 50–58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Bowls — Nos. 59–60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eyestone — No. 61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bronze Macehead — No. 62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aur Clay Prisms — No. 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cylinders — No. 64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet — No. 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Plaques — No. 66 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cones — No. 67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bricks — Nos. 68–71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet Fragment — No. 72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kal u (Nimrud) Stone Wall Slabs — No. 73 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Prisms — Nos. 74–75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cylinders — No. 76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43 162 171 196 212 220 231 241 242 244 262 263 264 264 269 271 307 309 310 319 320 323 338

viii

Stone and Glass Vessels — No. 77 . . . Bronze Lion Weights — Nos. 78–79 . . Ivory Writing Board — No. 80 . . . . . Nineveh Stone Wall Slab — No. 81 . . . . . . . . Clay Prisms — Nos. 82–83 . . . . . . . Clay Cylinders — Nos. 84–88 . . . . . . Clay Tablets — Nos. 89–91 . . . . . . . Clay Cones— No. 92 . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Fragments — Nos. 93–94 . . . . Bricks — Nos. 95–98 . . . . . . . . . . . Metal Door Jamb Covers — No. 99 . . . Eyestone — No. 100 . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet Fragments — Nos. 101–102 II. The West and Northwest Cyprus Stone Stele — No. 103 . . . . . . . . . . Ashdod Stone Stele Fragments — No. 104 . . . Unknown (‘Beirut’ / ‘Hamath’) Stone Stele Fragment — No. 105 . . . . Acharneh Stone Stele — No. 106 . . . . . . . . . Til-Barsip (Tell Ahmar) Stone Fragment — No. 107 . . . . . . . Tell Tayinat Stone Stele Fragments — No. 108 . . . Carchemish Clay Cylinders — No. 109 . . . . . . . . Bricks — No. 110 . . . . . . . . . . . . Melid (Arslantepe) Clay Cylinders — Nos. 111–114 . . . . III. Iran Qal’eh-i Imam Stele Fragment — No. 115 . . . . . . . Tang-i Var Rock Relief — No. 116 . . . . . . . . . Najafabad Stone Stele — No. 117 . . . . . . . . . Persepolis Bead and Eyestones — Nos. 118–122 . IV. Babylonia Babylon Bricks — Nos. 123–124 . . . . . . . . . Uruk Clay Cylinder — No. 125 . . . . . . . . Bricks — Nos. 126–128 . . . . . . . . . Tell Haddad Clay Cylinder — No. 129 . . . . . . . .

Contents

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342 344 347

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348 350 373 384 390 393 394 398 399 400

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402

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409

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412

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414

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417

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418

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421 424

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426

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437

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438

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444

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455

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459

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463 465

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469

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Contents

V. Miscellaneous Bead — No. 130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. Uncertain Texts Clay Tablet from Dr-arrukn — No. 1001 . . . . . Clay Sealing from Dr-arrukn — No. 1002 . . . . Clay Cones from Aur — Nos. 1003–1004 . . . . . . Clay Plaque/Brick from Aur — Nos. 1005 . . . . Clay Cylinder Fragment from Kal u — No. 1006 . . Stone Fragment from Nineveh — No. 1007 . . . . . Stone Lion from Nineveh — No. 1008 . . . . . . . . Stone Stele Fragment from Samaria — No. 1009 . . Stone Stele Fragment from Carchemish — No. 1010 VII. Royal Family and Officials Ataliya — No. 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sîn-a u-uur — Nos. 2002–2003 . . . . . . . . . . . Officials — Nos. 2004–2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ix

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471

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473 473 474 476 476 478 478 480 481

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Minor Variants and Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of Museum Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of Excavation Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concordances of Annals Line Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concordances of Selected Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scores of Inscriptions (on Oracc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (the pdf of the scores is available at http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/scores/)

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483 485 488 499 513 523 527 539 563 1–539

Detailed Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. Assyria Dr-arruk n (Khorsabad) Stone Wall Slabs Nos. 1–8 Stone Wall Slabs Introduction . . . . . No. 1 — Annals of Room II . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 — Annals of Room V . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 3 — Annals of Room XIII . . . . . . . . . . . No. 4 — Annals of Room XIV . . . . . . . . . . . No. 5 — Annals of Throne Room . . . . . . . . . No. 6 — Annals of Unknown Room of Palace . . No. 7 — Display Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . No. 8 — Display Inscription of Room XIV . . . . Stone Bull Colossi No. 9 — Bull Colossi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Pavement Slabs Nos. 10–15 Palace Pavement Slabs Introduction No. 10 — Pavement 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 11 — Pavement 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 12 — Pavement 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 13 — Pavement 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 14 — Pavement 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 15 — VA 137 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nos. 16–21 ‘Harem’ Inscriptions Introduction . No. 16 — Harem Inscription A: Ninurta . . . . . No. 17 — Harem Inscription B: Niniku (Ea) . . No. 18 — Harem Inscription: Sîn . . . . . . . . . No. 19 — Harem Inscription: Adad . . . . . . . No. 20 — Harem Inscription: Ningal . . . . . . No. 21 — Harem Inscription: ama . . . . . . . No. 22 — Nabû Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epigraphs on Stone Wall Slabs Nos. 23–40 Epigraphs Introduction . . . . . . . No. 23 — Room II, slab 7 (arar) . . . . . . . . No. 24 — Room II, slab 14 (Qind u) . . . . . . . No. 25 — Room II, slab 17 ([T]ikrakka) . . . . . No. 26 — Room II, slab 22 (Kiesim) . . . . . . . No. 27 — Room II, slab 28 (Gangutu) . . . . . . No. 28 — Doorway H1 (B t-Bag ya) . . . . . . . .

1

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43 43 83 114 121 127 128 131 153

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162

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171 172 174 176 178 183 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 193

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196 198 199 200 200 201 201

xii

Detailed Table of Contents

No. 29 — Room V, slab 5 Gabbutunu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 30 — Room V, slab 10 (’Amqa[…]ruu) . . . . . . . . . . No. 31 — Room V, slab 15 (Ba’il-gazara) . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 32 — Room V, slab 16 (Sinu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 33 — Room VIII, slab 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 34 — Room VIII, slab 17 (Aur-l’i) . . . . . . . . . . . No. 35 — Room VIII, slab 25 (Ia-bi’[d ]) . . . . . . . . . . No. 36 — Room XIII, slab 4 (Muair) . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 37 — Room XIV, slab 2 (Pazai) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 38 — Room XIV, slab 10 (Tak[lk-ana-Bl]) . . . . . . . . No. 39 — Room XIV, slab 12 (Kielu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 40 — Unknown room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backs of Stone Wall Slabs and Bull Colossi No. 41 — Inscription on Back of Wall Slabs and Bull Colossi No. 42 — Inscription on the Back of a Slab from Gate A . . . Clay Cylinders No. 43 — Khorsabad Cylinder Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . Metal and Stone Tablets Nos. 44–47 Metal and Stone Tablets Introduction . . . . . . No. 44 — Bronze Tablet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 45 — Silver Tablet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 46 — Gold Tablet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 47 — Magnesite Tablet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet Fragment No. 48 — D 32–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Altars No. 49 — Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 181 no. 1 . . . . Bricks No. 50 — Walker, CBI no. 167 Sargon II C . . . . . . . . . . . No. 51 — Winckler, Sargon 1 p. 194 and 2 pl. 49 no. 8 . . . . No. 52 — Jacobsen in Loud,  




 . . . . No. 53 — Walker, CBI no. 168 Sargon II D . . . . . . . . . . . No. 54 — Walker, CBI no. 166 Sargon II A . . . . . . . . . . . No. 55 — Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 183 no. 4 . . . . No. 56 — D 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 57 — Glazed Bricks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 58 — Glazed Brick ‘Hieroglyphs’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Bowls No. 59 — D 32-1 (D 521) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 60 — D 32-24 (D 101?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eyestone No. 61 — N 3400 / Place, Ninive et l’Assyrie 3 pl. 76 no. 31 . Bronze Macehead No. 62 — AO 21368 / Niederreiter, RA 99 (2005) pp. 57–61 . Aur Clay Prisms No. 63 — Aur Prism / VA 8424 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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202 203 204 205 206 206 207 208 209 210 211 212

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212 219

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220

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231 231 235 237 239

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241

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242

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24 247 248 249 252 253 254 255 257

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262 262

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263

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264

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264

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Detailed Table of Contents

Clay Cylinders No. 64 — VAT 15466 / Frahm, KAL 3 no. 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet No. 65— Eighth Campaign / Letter to the God Aur / TCL 3 . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Plaques No. 66 — Unger, IAMN 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cones No. 67 — Messerschmidt, KAH 1 nos. 40–42 and 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bricks No. 68 — Messerschmidt, KAH 1 no. 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 69 — Messerschmidt, KAH 1 no. 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 70 — Messerschmidt, KAH 1 no. 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 71 — Glazed Brick Frieze / Weidner, AfO 3 (1926) pp. 3–6 . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablet Fragment No. 72 — VAT 10716 / Frahm, KAL 3 no. 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kalu (Nimrud) Stone Wall Slabs No. 73 — Nimrud Inscription / Juniper Palace Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Prisms No. 74 — Nimrud Prism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 75 — ND 3406 / Gadd, Iraq 16 (1954) pp. 173–75, 196–98 and pl. L . . . . . . Clay Cylinders No. 76 — Frame in CUSAS 17 pp. 138–143 and pl. LII no. 72 . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone and Glass Vessels No. 77 — Layard, ICC pls. 83E and 84A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bronze Lion Weights No. 78 — BM 91229 / Layard, Discoveries p. 601 and pl. facing p. 601 . . . . . . No. 79 — BM 91234 / Layard, Monuments p. 22 and pl. 96 nos. 7–8 . . . . . . . Ivory Writing Board No. 80 — IM 56967 = ND 3557 / Wiseman, Iraq 17 (1955) pp. 7–8 and pl. I . . . . Nineveh Stone Wall Slab No. 81 — Mosul Annals / Frahm, AoF 40 (2013) pp. 42–54 . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Prisms No. 82 — Nineveh Prism / Fuchs, SAAS 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 83 — 81-7-27, 3 / Weidner, AfO 14 (1941–44) pp. 49–51 . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cylinders Nos. 84–88 Nineveh Clay Cylinders Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 84 — BM 122614 + 122615 / Thompson, Iraq 7 (1940) pp. 86–89 and 112–113 figs. 1–2 no. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 85 — BM 98518 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 86 — BM 98528 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 87 — BM 123416 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 88 — BM 98724 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Tablets No. 89 — Aur Charter / K 1349 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 90 — BM 134553 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xiii

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269

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271

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307

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309

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310 313 315 317

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319

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320

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323 337

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338

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342

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344 346

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347

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348

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350 371

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373

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373 376 378 380 382

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384 388

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Detailed Table of Contents

No. 91 — K 4471 / Winckler, Sammlung 2 p. 4 (cited as K 4470) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cones No. 92 — 3 R pl. 3 no. 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Fragments No. 93 — Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) p. 120 and pl. XLII no. 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 94 — Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) pl. XLII no. 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bricks No. 95 — Walker, CBI no. 169 Sargon II F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 96 — Walker, CBI no. 170 Sargon II G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 97 — Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) p. 124 and pl. XLV no. 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 98 — Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) p. 124 and pl. XLV no. 74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal Door Jamb Covers No. 99 — Nassouhi, MAOG 3/1–2 (1927) p. 17 no. 4 and p. 18 no. VIII . . . . . . . . . . . Eyestone No. 100 — Rosen Collection / Galter, ARRIM 5 (1987) pp. 12, 14, and 21 no. 42 . . . . . . Clay Tablet Fragments No. 101 — K 22030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 102 — A 16947 / Tadmor, JCS 12 (1958) pp. 22–23, 26 and 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. The West and Northwest Cyprus Stone Stele No. 103 — Cyprus Stele / Larnaca Stele / Kition Stele / VA 968 / Ungnad, VAS 1 no. 71 . Ashdod Stone Stele Fragments No. 104 — Tadmor, Atiqot, English Series 9–10 (1971) pp. 192–197 and pls. XCVI–XCVII Unknown Stone Stele Fragment No. 105 — Beirut Stele / Hamath Stele / Borowski Stele / BLMJ 1115 . . . . . . . . . . . Acharneh Stone Stele Fragment No. 106 — M 10890 / Thureau-Dangin, RA 30 (1933) pp. 53–56 and pl. I . . . . . . . . . . Til-Barsip (Tell Ahmar) Stone Fragment No. 107 — M 9944 / Thureau-Dangin, Til Barsib p. 159 no. 10 and pl. XV no. 3 . . . . . . Tell Tayinat Stone Stele Fragments No. 108 — Lauinger and Batiuk, ZA 105 (2015) pp. 54–68 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carchemish Clay Cylinders No. 109 — Marchesi, JNES 78 (2019) pp. 1–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bricks No. 110 — Walker, CBI no. 171 Sargon II X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melid (Arslantepe) Clay Cylinders Nos. 111–114 Melid Clay Cylinders Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 111 — Frame, Studies Parpola pp. 65–79 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 112ˢ)UDJPHQWLQWKH0DODW\D$UFKDHRORJLFDO 0XVHXP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 113 — Castellino in Pecorella, Malatya 3 pp. 69–73 and pl. LXVIII . . . . . . . . . . No. 114 — AnAr 21718/324 / Akdo an and Fuchs, ZA 99 (2009) pp. 82–86 . . . . . . . .

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389

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390

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393 393

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394 396 397 397

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398

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399

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400 400

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402

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409

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412

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414

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417

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418

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421

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426 427 430 432 435

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Detailed Table of Contents

III. Iran Qal’eh-i Imam Stele Fragment No. 115 — Radner and Masoumian, ZA 120 (2020) pp. 84–93 . . . . . . . . . . . Tang-i Var Rock Relief No. 116 — Tang-i Var Relief / Urmnt Relief / Frame, Orientalia NS 68 (1999) pp. 31–57 and pls. I–XVIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Najafabad Stone Stele No. 117 — Najafabad Stele / Levine, Stelae figs. 3–12 and pls. VII–XI . . . . . . Persepolis Bead No. 118 — PT4 548a / Schmidt, Persepolis 2 pp. 56–57 and 145, and pl. 25 no. 1 Eyestones No. 119 — PT6 233 / Schmidt, Persepolis 2 pp. 56–58 and 154, and pl. 25 no. 5 . No. 120 — PT4 495 / Schmidt, Persepolis 2 pp. 56–58 and 145 . . . . . . . . . . No. 121 — PT4 1170 / Schmidt, Persepolis 2 pp. 56–58 and 149 . . . . . . . . . . No. 122 — PT4 1169 and PT4 1172 / Schmidt, Persepolis 2 pp. 58 n. 87 and 149 . IV. Babylonia Babylon Bricks No. 123 — Walker, CBI no. 76 Sargon II O / Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.1 . . . . . . . No. 124 — Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uruk Clay Cylinder No. 125 — YBC 2181 / Clay, YOS 1 no. 38 / Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.3 . . . . . . . . Bricks No. 126 — Schott, UVB 1 p. 56 and pl. 28 no. 20
/ Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.4 . . . No. 127 — Jordan, Uruk-Warka pp. 42–43, 48, and 50–51 no. 6, and pl. 105c–d / Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 128 — Marzahn, FuB 27 (1989) pp. 62–63 no. XII / Frame, RIMB 2 B.6.22.6 . Tell Haddad Clay Cylinder No. 129 — Al-Rawi, Iraq 56 (1994) pp. 37–38 no. 3 and p. 36 fig. 4 . . . . . . . . IV. Miscellaneous Bead No. 130 — AO 1936 / Delaporte, Louvre 2 p. 180 no. A.826 and pl. 93 fig. 15 . . . VI. Uncertain Texts Dr-arruk n (Khorsabad) Clay Tablet No. 1001 — Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 p. 104 no. 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Sealing No. 1002 — Botta, Monument de Ninive 2 pl. 164 no. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aur Clay Cones No. 1003 — VA Ass 2066 / Jakob-Rost, FuB 22 (1982) pp. 141 and 159 no. 41 . . No. 1004 — VA Ass 2049 / Jakob-Rost, FuB 22 (1982) pp. 146 and 175 no. 110 . . Clay Plaque/Brick No. 1005 — VA Ass 4194 / Nunn, Knaufplatten p. 117 no. 273 . . . . . . . . . .

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437

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438

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444

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455

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456 456 457 458

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459 461

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463

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467 468

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471

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473

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473

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474 475

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476

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Kalu (Nimrud) Clay Cylinder Fragment No. 1006— ND 2075a+b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nineveh Stone Fragment No. 1007 — Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) p. 120 and pl. XLII no. 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Lion No. 1008 — Frahm, Sanherib pp. 122–123 and pl. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samaria Stone Stele Fragment No. 1009 — IAA 33.3725 / Gadd in Crowfoot, Samaria-Sebaste 3 p. 35 and pl. IV nos. 2–3 Carchemish Stone Stele Fragment No. 1010 — Woolley and Barnett, Carchemish 3 pp. 265 and 279–80, and pl. A.33 m–m* VII. Royal Family and Officials Ataliya, wife of Sargon II Miscellaneous objects No. 2001 — Kalu, items from Tomb II of North-West Palace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sîn-au-uur, brother of Sargon II Stone Pavement Slabs No. 2002 — Dr-arruk n, Residence L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bronze Macehead No. 2003 — Dr-arruk n; AO 21368 / Niederreiter, RA 99 (2005) pp. 57–61 . . . . . . . . Officials P n-Aur-l mur, eunuch of Sargon II No. 2004 — Dr-arruk n, clay stamp seal impression, Aramaic text; A 7036 . . . . . . .  b- r-Aur, treasurer No. 2005 — Aur, alabaster coffer fragment; VA Ass 4512 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aur-b ni, governor of Kalu No. 2006 — Kalu, clay cylinder seal impression; MMA 57.27.22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nabû-ualla, governor of Tamnnu, eunuch of Sargon II No. 2007 — Agate cylinder seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [PN, Governor of] Na’iri, eunuch of Sargon II No. 2008 — Tell Haddad, stone axe head; IM 95520 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nabû-blu-ka’’in, governor of Arrapa No. 2009 — Tell Barad n, clay cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aur-dr-p niya, governor of K r-Shalmaneser No. 2010 — Til-Barsip, stele; AO 11503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bl-iddin No. 2011 — Turlu-Höyük, stele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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476

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483

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490

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491

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492

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493

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495

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496

List of Figures

Figure 1. Sealing impressed with the royal seal of Sargon II (Sm 2276) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

Figure 2. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 80, middle (text no. 1, section 15) . . . . . . . . . .

17

Figure 3. Plan of the city of Khorsabad (Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 pl. 69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

Figure 4. Plan of the palace at Khorsabad, as restored by V. Place (Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 pl. 76) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

Figure 5. Plan of Room II of the palace at Khorsabad, whose wall slabs had a version of Sargon’s Annals (text no. 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48

Figure 6. Copy of the inscription on Room II, slab 2, published by P.E. Botta in Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 79c top (text no. 1, section 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

51

Figure 7. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 65.1 (text no. 1, section 21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54

Figure 8. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 65.2 (text no. 1, section 21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54

Figure 9. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 65.3 (text no. 1, section 21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

55

Figure 10. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 65.4 (text no. 1, section 21) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

55

Figure 11. Plan of Room V of the palace at Khorsabad, whose wall slabs had a version of Sargon’s Annals (text no. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

84

Figure 12. Plan of Room XIII of the palace at Khorsabad, whose wall slabs had a version of Sargon’s Annals (text no. 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117

Figure 13. Plan of Room XIV of the palace at Khorsabad, whose wall slabs had a version of Sargon’s Annals (text no. 4) and the Display Inscription of Room XIV (text no. 8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

123

Figure 14. A 7369 (text no. 9 ex. 23), inscription between the legs of a winged bull colossus found in the palace at Khorsabad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

167

Figure 15. Plan of the Temple of Nabû at Khorsabad (Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 pl. 79) . . . . . . . .

195

Figure 16. Flandin’s drawing of the relief on Room V, slabs 10–11, published in Botta, Monument de Ninive 2 pl. 93 (text no. 30) and depicting the conquest of the city Amqa[...]ruu . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

204

Figure 17. Flandin’s drawing of the relief on Room XIII, slab 4, published in Botta, Monument de Ninive 2 pl. 141 (text no. 36) and depicting the conquest of the city Muair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

209

Figure 18. A 17587 (text no. 43 ex. 16), a prismatic clay cylinder from the palace at Khorsabad . . . . . .

221

Figure 19. Obverse of Nap. III 2899 (text no. 47 lines 1–15), a magnesite tablet found in the palace at Khorsabad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

240

Figure 20. AO 19900 (text no. 49 ex. 1), one of numerous altars found in the temple of the Sebetti at Khorsabad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

xviii

List of Figures

Figure 21. Drawing of the façade of the chapel of the god Sîn and Entrance Z in the palace of Sargon at Khorsabad, with glazed brick panels on either side of the doorway (text no. 58 exs. 1–2), published in Place, Ninive et l’Assyrie 3 pl. 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

260

Figure 22. Diagram showing the arrangement of glazed brick figures representing Assyrian “hieroglyphs” (text no. 58) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

260

Figure 23. Cols. i´–iii´ of VA 8424 (text no. 63), the Aur Prism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

266

Figure 24. Obverse of AO 5372 (text no. 65), Sargon’s letter to the god Aur recording his eighth campaign (714) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

276

Figure 25. Reverse of AO 5372 (text no. 65), Sargon’s letter to the god Aur recording his eighth campaign (714) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

277

Figure 26. Obverse of VAT 8749 (text no. 65, lines 99–109 and 207–223), Sargon’s letter to the god Aur recording his eighth campaign (714) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

278

Figure 27. K 1668a + K 1671, parts of columns iv and v of the Nineveh Prism (text no. 82), which records events up until Sargon’s ninth regnal year (711) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

355

Figure 28. Obverse of K 1349 (text no. 89), the Aur Charter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

385

Figure 29. Obverse of National Museum of Tehran 5544/21110 (text no. 117), a stone stele found at Najafabad, Iran, that commemorates Sargon’s sixth campaign (716) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

447

Figure 30. Drawing of a clay sealing published in Botta, Monument de Ninive 2 pl. 164 no. 2 (text no. 1002) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

474

Figure 31. AO 21368 (text nos. 62 and 2003), a bronze macehead found in the palace at Khorsabad with inscriptions of Sargon and his brother Sîn-au-uur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

488

Contents of Scores (the pdf is available at http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/scores/)

I. Assyria Dr-arrukn Stone Wall Slabs No. 1 — Annals of Room II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 2 — Annals of Room V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 3 — Annals of Room XIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 4 — Annals of Room XIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 7 — Display Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 8 — Display Inscription of Room XIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Bull Colossi No. 9 — Bull Colossi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Pavement Slabs No. 10 — Pavement 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 11 — Pavement 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 12 — Pavement 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 13 — Pavement 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 14 — Pavement 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 22 — Nabû Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backs of Stone Wall Slabs and Bull Colossi No. 41 — Inscription on Back of Wall Slabs and Bull Colossi . . . . Clay Cylinders No. 43 — Khorsabad Cylinder Inscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stone Altars No. 49 — Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 181 no. 1+ . . . . . . . . Clay Plaques No. 66 — Unger, IAMN 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cones No. 67 — Messerschmidt, KAH 1 nos. 40–42 and 71 . . . . . . . . . Kalu Stone Wall Slabs No. 73 — Nimrud Inscription / Juniper Palace Inscription . . . . . Clay Prisms No. 74 — Nimrud Prism (ND 3408, part of ex. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . Clay Cylinders No. 76 — Frame in George, CUSAS 17 pp. 138–143 and pl. LII no. 72 Stone and Glass Vessels No. 77 — Layard, ICC pls. 83E and 84A+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 55 103 111 117 154

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

166

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

272 275 279 285 316 322

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

326

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

354

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

508

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

509

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

510

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

513

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

516

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

518

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

523

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xx

Contents of Scores

Nineveh Clay Cones No. 92 — 3 R pl. 3 no. 12+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carchemish Clay Cylinders No. 109 — Marchesi, JNES 78 (2019) pp. 1–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. Royal Family and Officials Ataliya, wife of Sargon II Miscellaneous objects No. 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sîn-au-u ur, brother of Sargon II Stone Pavement Slabs No. 2002 — Khorsabad, Residence L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

524

533

538

539

Foreword

The present series of publications, Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period (RINAP), is intended to present up-to-date editions of the royal inscriptions of a number of Neo-Assyrian rulers. It is modeled on the publications of the now-defunct Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia (RIM) series and carries on where the RIMA (Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods) publications ended. The RIM Project was initiated by A. Kirk Grayson at the University of Toronto in 1979 and over the years received extensive support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the University of Toronto, and private individuals, in particular Laurence Shiff. In all, it produced ten volumes in its various sub-series. Grayson retired from the University of Toronto in 2000 and a few years later found it necessary to cease scholarly pursuits due to personal and family illnesses. At that time, he handed over responsibility for the work of the project to me, formerly the assistant director and at times acting director of the RIM Project. When I took up a position at the University of Pennsylvania in 2006 and the last RIM volume (RIME 1 by Douglas R. Frayne) appeared in early 2008, the RIM Project officially ceased to exist. Work on several further volumes of inscriptions of Assyrian and Babylonian rulers had already begun during the time of the RIM Project and Grayson passed on responsibility for the materials and manuscripts to me. In 2007, I initiated the current project in order to continue the task of making the official inscriptions of the several important Neo-Assyrian rulers available in modern, scholarly editions. While the volumes in the new series resemble the format of the RIM volumes in most matters, the RINAP volumes include indices of proper names, and editions of the texts are also available online, in connection with the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI) and the Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus Initiative (Oracc). Five volumes have already appeared in this series: RINAP 1, comprising the inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III and Shalmaneser V (begun by Hayim Tadmor and completed by Shigeo Yamada); RINAP 3/1–2, comprising the inscriptions of Sennacherib (begun by A. Kirk Grayson and completed by his collaborator Jamie Novotny); RINAP 4, comprising the inscriptions of Esarhaddon (by Erle Leichty, with a contribution by Grant Frame); and RINAP 5/1, comprising many of the inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (by Jamie Novotny and Joshua Jeffers). The remainder of the royal inscriptions of Ashurbanipal and those of his successors Aur-etel-ilni and Sîn-arraikun will be presented in two forthcoming volumes (RINAP 5/2 and 5/3) by Joshua Jeffers and Jamie Novotny. The present volume (RINAP 2) provides editions of the inscriptions of Sargon II and has been completed by myself, with the collaboration of Andreas Fuchs for text nos. 82 (Nineveh Prism) and 117 (Najafabad Stele). The National Endowment for the Humanities awarded the RINAP Project research grants in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2015, and 2017, as well as supplementary funds in 2019, to help carry out its work and my sincere thanks must be expressed to it. My appreciation must also be extended to the University of Pennsylvania and to the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, where the project is based, for their constant support. Additional funding for the preparation of RINAP 2 was provided by the University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation and the School of Arts and Sciences of the University of Pennsylvania, as well as by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (through the establishment of the Alexander von Humboldt Professorship for Ancient History of the Near and Middle East in 2015) and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Historisches Seminar – Abteilung Alte Geschichte). I am grateful to Karen Radner for providing additional financial support for the project. Philadelphia June 2020

Grant Frame




Preface

When A. Kirk Grayson asked me in the late 1980s to undertake the preparation of the volume of royal inscriptions of Sargon II for the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia (RIM) Project, I never thought that it would take as long as it has. The delay was largely caused by three matters: the need to deal with other editorial and administrative duties related to the RIM Project, the unexpected end of the RIM Project due to funding difficulties in the early 2000s, and, most importantly, the problems preparing satisfactory editions of some of the major texts of Sargon due to the loss of the original inscriptions and the unreliability of the available sources of information on those inscriptions. After I moved from the University of Toronto to the University of Pennsylvania in 2006, I was encouraged by Erle Leichty to revive the project, or at least the section dealing with Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions. With the support of the National Endowment for the Humanities, in 2008 I founded the Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period (RINAP) Project and since that time have directed the preparation and publication of five volumes. Work on the Sargon volume continued during all of this time, although with numerous gaps as other duties and projects took priority. Two of the inscriptions presented in this volume — the Nineveh Prism and the Najafabad Stele (text nos. 82 and 117) — are the result of collaboration between the author and Andreas Fuchs (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen), and the author’s appreciation for all his work must be stressed. Fuchs had already published an edition of the former text about twenty years ago (SAAS 8) and the edition of the latter text presented here is the result of extensive discussion and deliberation between the two of us. Work on the present corpus of texts necessitated extensive travel for collation of previously published inscriptions and for examination of unpublished material. The author wishes to thank the various museums and museum authorities that have cooperated in the preparation of this book. In particular, he would like to thank the directors, keepers, curators, and assistants of the Louvre Museum (Paris), the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (Chicago), the British Museum (London), the Institut de France (Paris), the Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto), the Vorderasiatisches Museum (Berlin), and the National Museum in Tehran. Specifically, the author expresses his gratitude to Béatrice André-Salvini, John Brinkman, John Curtis, Andrew Dix, Walter Farber, Liane Jakob-Rost, Ed Keal, John Larsen, Joachim Marzahn, Kiersten Neumann, Susanne Paulus, Bill Pratt, Clemens Reichel, Jonathan Taylor, Ariane Thomas, Christopher Walker, and Michel Zink. These colleagues, and their staff, have been extremely helpful and have extended to me every courtesy and assistance. As usual with a volume in this series, numerous individuals aided in the production of the volume in some way. Since the preparation of this book has spanned more than three decades, it is impossible to name everyone who has contributed to RINAP 2 and thus any omissions are unintentional. While the author has collated most of the texts himself, other scholars have kindly collated some texts, provided information on pieces, or aided in some way. These include Amitai Baruchi-Unna, Stephen Batiuk, Giovanni Bergamini, Eleazar Birnbaum, S. Borowski, Jean-Marie Durand, Jeanette Fincke, Kirk Grayson, Joshua Jeffers, Enrique Jiménez, Jacob Lauinger, Erle Leichty, Gianni Marchesi, Nicolò Marchetti, Michael Müller-Karpe, Jamie Novotny, Karen Radner, Julian Reade, Johannes Renger, Michael Roaf, Marcel Sigrist, Greta Van Buylaere, Chikako Watanabe, Frauke Weiershäuser, Manfred Weippert, and Joan Goodnick Westenholz. During my various periods of working in museums and collections outside of Toronto and Philadelphia, I received much gracious hospitality from numerous friends and colleagues. During a sabbatical in 2013–2014 spent in Oxford working on the manuscript, the author received much kind fellowship and support from Tim and Kathy Clayden, Jacob Dahl, Stephanie Dalley, and Frances Reynolds and Philip Binns, as well as the fellows of Wolfson College. My thanks must also to Richard Beal and JoAnne Scurlock for hospitality during a stay in Chicago, and to Denise Bolton, Jamie Novotny, Karen Radner, Michael Roaf, Walther Sallaberger, and Frans van Koppen during stays in Munich.




xxiv


Preface

In Toronto, during the RIM years, several individuals contributed to the technical and editorial preparation of the volume and they deserve credit for performing at times tedious and time-consuming tasks. In particular, the author offers his gratitude to Amy Barron, Hope Grau, Diane Kriger, and Jill Ruby. For the Philadelphia stages of production, the author would like to thank various colleagues and students: Katy Blanchard, Tegan Bunsu, Michael Chapin, Ann Guinan, Andrew Knapp, Daniel Patterson, Irene Sibbing Plantholt, Steve Tinney, Richard Zettler, and Ilona Zsolnay. Last, but by no means least, special thanks must be given to Joshua Jeffers and Steve Tinney in Philadelphia and to Giulia Lentini, Nathan Morello, and Jamie Novotny in Munich for help in numerous ways, in particular for undertaking the arduous task of preparing the final, camera-ready manuscript and the fully lemmatized and searchable online version for the texts. The penultimate manuscript of RINAP 2 was read by Ariel Bagg, Nicholas Postgate, and Martin Worthington, each of whom made numerous useful comments, corrections, and improvements. Their time, care, and generosity are greatly appreciated. Any and all errors of commission and omission are, of course, the responsibility of the author. Since the Editor-in-Chief of the RINAP series is also the author of this volume, Karen Radner, a member of the editorial board, kindly assumed the role of Editor-in-Chief for the volume. The author’s appreciation goes out to the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the University of Toronto, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, as well as to several private individuals, in particular Laurence Shiff and Malcolm Horsnell, for both financial and material support in support of the work of the RIM and/or RINAP Projects and thus the preparation of this volume. Finally, the author wishes to express his gratitude to his numerous teachers of Akkadian and Sumerian over the years as a student at the University of Toronto and the University of Chicago: R.D. Biggs, J.A. Brinkman, M. Civil†, I.J. Gelb†, G.B. Gragg, A.K. Grayson, H. Hunger, S. Parpola, E. Reiner†, J. Renger, M. Rowton†, and R.F.G. Sweet. He hopes that nothing in this volume will make them regret their encouragement, support, and advice during his training. Philadelphia June 2020




Grant Frame




Editorial Notes

The volumes in the RINAP series are modeled upon the publications of the now-defunct Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia (RIM) Project, with a few modifications, in particular the addition of indices of proper names. Like the RIM volumes, the volumes in this series are not intended to provide analytical or synthetic studies, but rather to provide basic text editions that can serve as the foundations for such studies. Thus, extensive discussions of the contents of the texts are not presented, and the core of each volume is the edition of the relevant texts. In this volume, the order of the texts is based for the most part upon the following two criteria: (1) The city at which the structure dealt with in the building or dedicatory portion of the text was located. If that information is not preserved on the text, the provenance of the inscribed object is the determining factor. (2) The type of object upon which the inscription is written (prism, cylinder, tablet, etc.). Following the practice of the RIM series, inscriptions that cannot be assigned definitely to a particular ruler are given text numbers beginning at 1001. Certain other inscriptions that provide information relevant for establishing royal names and titles (e.g., “servant seals”) and any composed in the name of another member of the royal family (e.g., royal wives) have been given numbers that begin at 2001. In the volumes of the RINAP series, the term “exemplar” is employed to designate a single inscription found on one object. The term “text” is employed to refer to an inscription that existed in antiquity and that may be represented by a number of more or less duplicate exemplars. In these editions exemplars of one text are edited together as a “master text,” with a single transliteration and translation. Variants to the “master text” are provided either on page (major variants) or at the back of the volume (minor variants). Each text edition is normally supplied with a brief introduction containing general information. This is followed by a catalogue containing basic information about all exemplars. This includes museum and excavation numbers (the symbol + is added between fragments that belong to the same object), provenance, lines preserved, and indication of whether or not the inscription has been collated (c = collated with the original, (c) = partially collated with the original, p = collated by means of a photograph, (p) = partially collated from a photograph; and n = not collated). The next section is normally a commentary containing further technical information and notes. The bibliography then follows. Items are arranged chronologically, earliest to latest, with notes in parentheses after each bibliographic entry. These notes indicate the exemplars with which the item is concerned and the nature of the publication, using the following key words: photo, copy, edition, translation, study, and provenance. Certain standard reference works (e.g., the various volumes of “Keilschriftbibliographie” and “Register Assyriologie” published in Orientalia and Archiv für Orientforschung respectively; Borger, HKL 1–3; AHw; CAD; and Seux, ERAS) are not normally cited, although they were essential in the collecting and editing of these texts. While the bibliographies should contain all major relevant items, they are not necessarily totally exhaustive; a vast amount of scattered literature exists on many of the inscriptions edited in this volume and much of this literature is of only limited scholarly interest. As noted earlier, a distinction is made between major and minor variants to a “master text”; the major variants are placed at the bottom of the page and the minor variants at the back of the book. In brief, major variants are essentially non-orthographic in nature, while minor variants are orthographic variations. Orthographic variants of proper names may at times be significant and thus on occasion these will also appear on the page as major variants. Complete transliterations of all exemplars in the style of musical scores are found in the pdf on Oracc at http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/scores/ and thus any reader who finds the notes on variants insufficient for his/her needs may check the full reading of any exemplar (the pdfs of the scores for previous RINAP volumes are also now available on Oracc). Such scores, however, are not normally

xxvi

Editorial Notes

given for bricks and seal inscriptions. Objects whose attribution to a particular text is not entirely certain are given exemplar numbers that are followed by an asterisk (*); for example, IM 18627 is regarded as text no. 41 ex. 3*, since it is uncertain that it is an exemplar of that text. Moreover, these exemplars are listed in separate catalogues (Likely Additional Exemplars), beneath the main catalogue. Several photographs are included in this volume. These are intended to show a few of the object types upon which Sargon’s inscriptions were written and to aid the reader in understanding the current state of preservation of some of the inscriptions. As is the normal practice for transliterating cuneiform inscriptions, lower case Roman is used for Sumerian and lower case italics for Akkadian; logograms in Akkadian texts appear in capitals. The system of sign values in Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (MZ), is generally followed. A number of inscriptions use at times Babylonian sign forms in a text written mainly with Assyrian sign forms and vice versa; this has not been indicated in the editions. As in previous volumes, certain variant sign forms are not specifically indicated in the transliterations. For example, no attempt is normally made to indicate when a sign taken to be DUB was actually written with a standard UM form (and vice versa); the same generally holds true for reading such signs as EZEN/SAR, GAB/TA , and DUL/DU6. Italics in the English translation indicate either an uncertain translation or a word in the original language. In general, the rendering of geographical names follows the Répertoire Géographique des Textes Cunéiformes (Rép. Géogr.) and personal names follows The Prosopography of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (PNA); however, the names of Babylonian rulers follow the spelling used in RIMB 2. There are several differences between the RIM and RINAP styles. Among these, the most notable is that all partially preserved or damaged signs, regardless of how they are broken, now appear between half brackets ( and ). Thus, no partially preserved sign has square brackets ([ and ]) inserted in its transliteration; for example, [DINGI]R and LUGA[L KU]R appear in the transliteration as DINGIR and LUGAL KUR respectively. This change was made to ensure compatibility of the online RINAP editions with the standards of the Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc), the parent site and project where RINAP Online is housed. This change was implemented in the print version in order to present identical editions in RINAP 2 and RINAP Online. Note, however, that the translations may appear more damaged than their corresponding transliterations indicate, as the translations were prepared according to standard Assyriological practices; for example, DINGIR (= [DINGI]R) and LUGAL KUR (= LUGA[L KU]R) are translated as “[the go]d” and “king [of the lan]d,” and not “the god” and “king of the land.” Since some of the most important inscriptions of Sargon either no longer exist, having been lost in the Tigris in 1855, or were reburied at the site, and thus are only attested via copies made by their excavator P.E. Botta at the site of Khorsabad (ancient Dr-arrukn) or at times also by poorly preserved squeezes of the inscriptions, it has been found necessary to edit some texts in a different manner than is normally the case in the RIM and RINAP volumes and to make use of some additional sigla. This is described more fully in the Introduction to the volume and/or at the relevant inscriptions, but a brief summary is also provided here. For texts 1–4 and 8, although there is only one actual exemplar of the inscription, it has been thought best to provide a score for each inscription, providing either full or partial transliterations of the various sources for a lost original (e.g., Botta’s copy published in Monument de Ninive, a copy made by H. Winckler after examination of a squeeze of the inscription, a copy made by Ch.-F. Jean following an examination of a squeeze, a copy made by Botta at Khorsabad and preserved in the Institut de France or published in Journal asiatique in the 1840s, or a squeeze currently preserved in the Louvre). With regard to additional sigla, a superscript dagger (†) is placed after a sign that has an abnormal/incorrect form in a copy by Botta that cannot be verified or corrected from collation of the original or a squeeze, or from an earlier copy made by Botta (normally one preserved in the Institut de France and/or published in the Journal asiatique). A superscript right-facing triangular bullet (
) is employed in the scores to note where a copy by H. Winckler specifically indicates that he began to collate the inscription from a squeeze. 
BD?4AB2A8?C
28A2D;0A
1D;;4C
U
8B similarly employed to note where Winckler specifically indicates that his collations from a squeeze ended. This latter siglum (U) is also used in the transliteration of text no. 117 (Najafabad Stele) to indicate where the lines of the inscription on the squeezes preserved in the Royal Ontario Museum end. At times Botta’s copies misalign fragments of a wall slab; a double dagger (‡) is employed in the scores to indicate the point in the line of a Botta copy where one must either go up or down a line in his copy in order to continue reading the relevant line. The reader should note that there is some inconsistency in the use of Roman versus Arabic numerals for the room numbers of the palace of Sargon at Khorsabad in publications. It has been thought best to cite the rooms from which inscribed wall slabs come (basically rooms I–XIV) using roman numerals, following the practice initiated by the first excavator of the site, Paul-Emile Botta, and used in most publications of the texts

Editorial Notes

xxvii

(e.g., Winckler, Sar.; Lie, Sar.; and Fuchs, Khorsabad), but to use Arabic numerals for the other rooms (mostly in connection with texts found during the later excavations of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago and following its practice [e.g., Loud, Khorsabad 1; and Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2]). See the Introduction for a fuller explanation of the matter. In addition to the indices of museum and excavation numbers and selected publications found in RIM volumes, the RINAP volumes also contain indices of proper names (personal names, topographical names, and divine names). Concordances to correlate the line numbers used for the Khorsabad Annals in this volume and those given in the previous major editions by H. Winckler and A. Fuchs are also provided. Searchable online versions of the manuscripts are maintained on Oracc by MOCCI (Munich Open-access Cuneiform Corpus Initiative). Web versions of the editions are also hosted on CDLI (Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative). Philadelphia June 2020

Grant Frame




Bibliographical Abbreviations

AAA AAT Aegyptus AfK AfO AHw AJSL Akkadica Albenda, Palace of Sargon AMI NF Anadolu AraG`E@4?4E` Andrae, AAT Andrae, Coloured Ceramics Andrae, Festungswerke Andrae, FKA

André-Leicknam, Naissance de l’écriture ANEP2 ANET3

Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology. Liverpool, 1908–48 J.A. Craig, Astrological-Astronomical Texts (=Assyriologische Bibliothek 14). Leipzig 1899 Aegyptus: Rivista Italiana di Egittologia e di Papirologia. Milan, 1920– Archiv für Keilschriftforschung, vols. 1–2. Berlin, 1923–25 Archiv für Orientforschung, vol. 3– (vols. 1–2 = AfK). Berlin, Graz, and Horn, 1926– W. von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, 3 vols. Wiesbaden, 1965–81 The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Chicago, 1895–1941 Akkadica. Brussels, 1977– P. Albenda, The Palace of Sargon, King of Assyria / Le palais de Sargon d’Assyrie. Paris, 1986 Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran. Neue Folge. Berlin, 1968– Anadolu AraG`E@4?4E`. Istanbul, 1955– W. Andrae, Der Anu-Adad-Tempel in Assur (=WVDOG 10). Leipzig, 1909 W. Andrae, Coloured Ceramics from Ashur, and Earlier Ancient Assyrian WallPaintings, from Photographs and Water-Colours by Members of the Ashur Expedition Organised by the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft. London, 1925 W. Andrae, Die Festungswerke von Assur (=WVDOG 23). Leipzig, 1913 W. Andrae, Farbige Keramik aus Assur und ihre Vorstufen in altassyrischen Wandmalereien: nach Aquarellen von Mitgliedern der Assur-Expedition und nach photographischen Aufnahmen von Originalen im Auftrage der Deutschen OrientGesellschaft. Berlin, 1923 B. André-Leicknam and N. Ziegler, Naissance de l’écriture: cunéiformes et hiéroglyphes. Paris, 1982 J.B. Pritchard (ed.), The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament, 2nd edition. Princeton, 1969

J.B. Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd edition. Princeton, 1969 Annales de Philosophie chrétienne Annales de Philosophie chrétienne. Paris, 1830– AnSt Anatolian Studies: Journal of the British Institute of Archaeology in Ankara. London 1951– Anthonioz, L’eau S. Anthonioz, L’eau, enjeux politiques et théologiques, de Sumer à la Bible. Leiden, 2009 Antike Welt Antike Welt. Zurich, 1970– AO Der Alte Orient, 43 vols. Leipzig, 1899–1945 AOAT Alter Orient und Altes Testament. Neukirchen-Vluyn, Kevelaer, and Münster, 1968– AoF Altorientalische Forschungen. Berlin, 1974– Aramazd Aramazd: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Yerevan, 2006– Arch. Archaeologia, or, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity. London, 1770–1992 Archaeology Archaeology. New York, 1948– ARRIM Annual Review of the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project. Toronto, 1983–91 Assur Assur. Malibu, 1974– Assyria to Iberia J. Aruz, S.B. Graff, and Y. Rakic (eds.), Assyria to Iberia at the Dawn of the Classical Age. New York, 2014 Atiqot, English Series
Atiqot, English Series. Jerusalem, 1955– Augustinianum Augustinianum. Rome, 1961– AUWE Ausgrabungen in Uruk-Warka Endberichte. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Abteilung Baghdad. Mainz am Rhein, 1987–

xxx Aviram, Eretz Shomron Bagg, Assyrer und das Westland Bagg, Assyrische Wasserbauten Bagg, Rép. Géogr. 7 Bagh. Mitt. Ball, Light Barag, Catalogue Basmachi, Treasures BASOR Bauer, Lesestücke BCSMS Becking, Fall of Samaria Berlejung, Theologie Berlejung and Streck, Arameans, Chaldeans, and Arabs Bezold, Cat. Bezold, HKA Bezold, Literatur Biainili-Urartu BiAr Biblica Biblical Archaeology Review Biblische Notizen BibMes BiOr Blanchard, Royaumes oubliés BM Guide BMQ Böhl, Chrestomathy 1 Böhl, MLVS Börker-Klähn, Bildstelen Borger, Asarh. Borger, BAL2 Borger, EAK 1 Borger, HKL Borger, MZ

Bibliographical Abbreviations J. Aviram (ed.), Eretz Shomron: The Thirtieth Archaeological Convention, September 1972. Jerusalem, 1973 A.M. Bagg, Die Assyrer und das Westland: Studien zur historischen Geographie und Herrschaftspraxis in der Levante im 1. Jt. v. u. Z. (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 216). Leuven, 2011 A.M. Bagg, Assyrische Wässerbauten: Landwirtschaftliche Wasserbauten im Kernland Assyriens zwischen der 2. Hälfte des 2. und der 1. Hälfte des 1. Jahrtausends v. Chr. (=Baghdader Forschungen 24). Mainz am Rhein, 2000 A.M. Bagg, Die Orts- und Gewässernamen der neuassyrischen Zeit, 5 parts (=Répertoire Géographique des Textes Cunéiformes 7). Wiesbaden, 2007–2020 Baghdader Mitteilungen. Berlin, 1960– C.J. Ball, Light from the East or the Witness of the Monuments: An Introduction to the Study of Biblical Archaeology. London, 1899 D. Barag, Catalogue of Western Asiatic Glass in the British Museum. London, 1985 F. Basmachi, Treasures of the Iraq Museum. Baghdad, 1976 Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. New Haven and Boston, 1919– T. Bauer, Akkadische Lesestücke, 3 vols. Rome, 1953 Bulletin of the Canadian Society for Mesopotamian Studies, 40 vols. Toronto, 1981– 2005 B. Becking, The Fall of Samaria: An Historical and Archaeological Study (=Studies in the History of the Ancient Near East 2). Leiden, 1992 A. Berlejung, Die Theologie der Bilder: Herstellung und Einweihung von Kultbildern in Mesopotamien und die alttestamentliche Bilderpolemik (=Biblicus et Orientalis 162). Freiburg, 1998 A. Berlejung and M.P. Streck (eds.), Arameans, Chaldeans and Arabs in Babylonia and Palestine in the First Millennium B.C. (=Leipziger Altorientalistische Studien 3). Wiesbaden, 2013 C. Bezold, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum, 5 vols. London, 1889–1899 C. Bezold, Historische Keilschrifttexte aus Assur (=Sitzungberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse 8). Heidelberg, 1915 C. Bezold, Kurzgefasster Überblick über die babylonisch-assyrische Literatur, nebst einem chronologischen Excurs, zwei Registern und einem Index zu 1700 Thontafeln des British-Museum’s. Leipzig, 1886 S. Kroll et al. (eds.), Biainili-Urartu: The Proceedings of the Symposium held in Munich 12–14 October 2007 / Tagungsbericht des Münchner Symposiums 12.–14. Oktober 2007 (=Acta Iranica 51). Leuven, 2012 The Biblical Archaeologist, New Haven and Atlanta, 1938–97 Biblica. Rome, 1920– Biblical Archaeology Review. Washington, DC, 1975– Biblische Notizen. Bamberg, 1976– Bibliotheca Mesopotamica. Malibu, 1975– Bibliotheca Orientalis. Leiden, 1943– V. Blanchard (ed), Royaumes oubliés: De l’Empire hittite aux Araméens. Paris, 2019 British Museum. A Guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian Antiquities, 3rd edition. London, 1922 British Museum Quarterly. London, 1926–73 F.M.T. Böhl, Akkadian Chrestomathy, Volume 1: Selected Cuneiform Texts. Leiden, 1947 F.M.T. Böhl, Mededeelingen uit de Leidsche verzameling van spijkerschriftinscripties, 3 parts. Amsterdam, 1933–36 J. Börker-Klähn, Altvorderasiatische Bildstelen und vergleichbare Felsreliefs, 2 vols (=Baghdader Forschungen 4). Mainz am Rhein, 1982 R. Borger, Die Inschriften Asarhaddons, Königs von Assyrien (=AfO Beiheft 9). Graz, 1956 R. Borger, Babylonisch-assyrische Lesestücke, 2nd edition, 2 vols (=AnOr 54). Rome, 1979 R. Borger, Einleitung in die assyrischen Königsinschriften, Erster Tell: Das zweite Jahrtausend v. Chr. (=Handbuch der Orientalistik Ergänzungsband V/1/1). Leiden, 1961 R. Borger, Handbuch der Keilschriftliteratur, 3 vols. Berlin, 1967–75 R. Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (=AOAT 305). Münster, 2004

Bibliographical Abbreviations Borger, WAO2 Botta, Monument de Ninive Braun-Holzinger, Bronzen Brereton, Ashurbanipal Briend and Seux, TPOA Brinkman, Prelude CAD Cagni, Crestomazia CAH2 3/1

CAH2 3/2 Calmeyer, Datierbare Bronzen Calmeyer, Reliefbronzen Cameron, Iran Caubet, Khorsabad CBQ CDA Chavalas, ANE Chavalas and Younger, Mesopotamia and the Bible Clay, YOS 1 Cogan, Bound for Exile Cogan, Raging Torrent Cogan and Tadmor, II Kings Cole and Machinist, SAA 13 Collon, Ancient Near Eastern Art Collon, First Impressions Continuity of Empire COS 2 COS 4 CRAIB Crawford, Regime Change Crowfoot, Samaria-Sebaste CRRA

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R. Borger et al., Die Welt des Alten Orients. Keilschrift – Grabungen – Gelehrte, 2nd edition. Göttingen, 1975 P.E. Botta and E. Flandin, Monument de Ninive, 5 vols. Paris, 1849–50; new impression, Osnabrück, 1972 E.A. Braun-Holzinger, Figürliche Bronzen aus Mesopotamien (=Prähistorische Bronzefunde 1/4). Munich, 1984 G. Brereton (ed.), I am Ashurbanipal, King of the World, King of Assyria. London, 2018 J. Briend and M.-J. Seux, Textes du Proche-Orient ancien et histoire d'Israel. Paris, 1977 J.A. Brinkman, Prelude to Empire: Babylonian Society and Politics, 747–626 B.C. (=Occasional Publications of the Babylonian Fund 7). Philadelphia, 1984 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 21 vols. Chicago, 1956–2010 L Cagni, Crestomazia accadica. Rome, 1971 J. Boardman et al. (eds.), The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd edition, vol. 3, part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, Tenth to Eighth Centuries B.C. and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C. Cambridge, 1982 J. Boardman et al. (eds.), The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd edition, vol. 3, part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C. Cambridge, 1991 P. Calmeyer, Datierbare Bronzen aus Luristan und Kirmanshah (=Untersuchungen zur Assyriologie und vorderasiatischen Archäologie 5). Berlin, 1969 P. Calmeyer, Reliefbronzen in babylonischen Stil: Eine westiranische Werkstatt des 10. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Munich, 1973 G.C. Cameron, History of Early Iran. Chicago, 1936 A. Caubet (ed.), Khorsabad, le palais de Sargon II, roi d'Assyrie: Actes du colloque organisé au musée du Louvre par le Service culturel les 21 et 22 janvier 1994. Paris, 1995 Catholic Biblical Quarterly. Washingon, 1939– J. Black, A. George, and N. Postgate (eds.), A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian. Wiesbaden, 1999 M.W. Chavalas (ed.), The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation. Oxford, 2006 M.W. Chavalas and K.L. Younger, Jr. (eds.), Mesopotamia and the Bible: Comparative Explorations. New York, 2002 A.T. Clay, Miscellaneous Inscriptions in the Yale Babylonian Collection (=YOS 1). New Haven, 1915 M. Cogan. Bound for Exile: Israelites and Judeans under Imperial Yoke: Documents from Assyria and Babylonia. Jerusalem, 2013 M. Cogan, The Raging Torrent: Historical Inscriptions from Assyria and Babylonia Relating to Ancient Israel. Jerusalem, 2008 M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings: A New Translation with Introduction and Commenary (=Anchor Bible 11). Garden City, NY, 1988 S.W. Cole and P. Machinist, Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Priests to the Kings Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal (=SAA 13). Helsinki, 1998 D. Collon, Ancient Near Eastern Art. London, 1995 D. Collon, First Impressions: Cyliner Seals in the Ancient Near East. London, 1987 G.B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf, and R. Rollinger (eds.), Continuity of Empire (?). Assyria, Media, Persia (=History of the Ancient Near East, Monographs 5). Padua, 2003 W.W. Hallo (ed.), The Context of Scripture, Volume 2: Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World. Leiden, 2003 K. Lawson Younger, Jr. (ed.), The Context of Scripture, Volume 4: Supplements. Leiden, 2016 Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, Comptes rendus. Paris, 1857– H. Crawford (ed.), Regime Change in the Ancient Near East and Egypt from Sargon of Agade to Saddam Hussein. Proceedings of the British Academy 136. Oxford, 2007 J.W. Crowfoot et al., Samaria-Sebaste: Reports of the Work of the Joint Expedition in 1931–1933 and of the British Expedition in 1935, 3 vols. London, 1938–57 Compte Rendu de la Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale. [various locations], 1950–

xxxii CRRA 25 CRRA 30 CRRA 32 CRRA 38 CRRA 39 CRRA 43 CRRA 44

CRRA 45/1 CRAA 45/2 CRRA 52 CRRA 54 CT Curtis, Bronzeworking Centres Curtis, Examination of Late Assyrian Metalwork Curtis, Later Mesopotamia and Iran Curtis and Reade, Art and Empire Curtis and Tallis, Balawat Gates CUSAS 17 Dalley, Hanging Garden Damerji, Gräber Delaporte, Louvre Delaporte, Malatya Delitzsch, Sprache der Kossäer Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies Dezsö, Assyrian Army 1/1 Dietrich, SAA 17

Bibliographical Abbreviations H.-J. Nissen, and J. Renger (eds.), Mesopotamien und seine Nachbarn: Politische und kulturelle Wechselbeziehungen im Alten Vorderasien vom 4. bis 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr., 2 vols. (=Berliner Beiträge zum Vorderen Orient 1). Berlin, 1982 K.R. Veenhof (ed.), Cuneiform Archives and Libraries: Papers Read at the 30e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Leiden, 4–8 July 1983 (=PIHANS 57). Leiden, 1986 K. Hecker and W. Sommerfeld, Keilschriftliche Literaturen: Ausgewählte Vorträge der XXXII. Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Münster, 8.–12.7.1985 (=Berliner Beiträge zum Vorderen Orient 6). Berlin, 1986 D. Charpin and F. Joannès (eds.), La circulation des biens, des personnes et des idées dans le Proche-Orient ancien: Actes de la XXXVIIIe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale (Paris, 8-10 juillet 1991). Paris, 1992 H. Waetzoldt and H. Hauptman (eds.), Assyrien im Wandel der Zeiten: XXXIXe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Heidelberg 6.-10. Juli 1992 (=Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 6). Heidelberg, 1997 J. Proseck (ed.), Intellectual Life in the Ancient Near East: Papers Presented at the 43rd Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Prague, July 1–5, 1996. Prague, 1998 L. Milano et al. (eds.), Landscapes: Territories, Frontiers and Horizons in the Ancient Near East. Papers Presented to the XLIV Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Venezia, 7–11 July 1997 (=History of the Ancient Near East, Monographs 3), 3 vols. Padua, 1999–2000 T. Abusch, P.-A. Beaulieu, J. Huehnergard, P. Machinist, and P. Steinkeller (eds.), Proceedings of the XLVe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Part I, Harvard University: Historiography in the Cuneiform World. Bethesda, MD, 2001 W.W. Hallo and I.J. Winter (eds.), Proceedings of the XLVe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Part II, Yale University: Seals and Seal Impressions. Bethesda, MD, 2001 H. Neumann et al. (eds.), Krieg und Frieden im Alten Vorderasien. 52e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale / International Congress of Assyriology and Near Eastern Archaeology, Münster, 17. –21. Juli 2006 (=AOAT 401). Münster, 2014 G. Wilhelm (ed.), Organization, Representation, and Symbols of Power in the Ancient Near East: Proceedings of the 54th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale at Würzburg, 20–25 July 2008. Winona Lake, IN, 2012 Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum. London, 1896– J. Curtis (ed.), Bronzeworking Centres of Western Asia, c. 1000–539 B.C. London, 1988 J. Curtis, An Examination of Late Assyrian Metalwork: With Special Reference to Nimrud. Oxford, 2013 J. Curtis (ed.), Later Mesopotamia and Iran: Tribes and Empires 1600-539 BC. London, 1995 J.E. Curtis and J.E. Reade, Art and Empire: Treasures from Assyria in the British Museum. New York, 1995 J.E. Curtis and N. Tallis (eds.), The Balawat Gates of Ashurnasirpal II. London, 2008 A.R. George (ed.), Cuneiform Royal Inscriptions and Related Texts in the Schøyen Collection (=Cornell University Studies in Assyriology and Sumerology 17). Bethesda, MD, 2011 S. Dalley, The Mystery of the Hanging Garden of Babylon: An Elusive World Wonder Traced. Oxford, 2013 M.S.B. Damerji, Gräber assyrischer Königinnen aus Nimrud (=Sonderdruck aus Jahrbuch des römisch-germanischen Zentralmuseums 45/1998). Mainz am Rhein, 1999 L. Delaporte, Catalogue des cylindres, cachets et pierres gravées de style oriental [du] Musée du Louvre, 2 vols. Paris, 1920 L. Delaporte, Malatya, fouilles de la Mission archéologique française: Arslantepe. I: La porte des lions. Paris, 1940 F. Delitzsch, Die Sprache der Kossäer: linguistisch-historische Funde und Fragen. Leipzig, 1884 F. Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies? Eine biblisch-assyriologische Studie. Leipzig, 1881 T. Dezsö, The Assyrian Army. I: The Structure of the Neo-Assyrian Army as Reconstructed from the Assyrian Palace Reliefs and Cuneiform Sources. 1. Infantry Budapest, 2012 M. Dietrich, The Babylonian Correspondence of Sargon and Sennacherib (=SAA 17). Helsinki, 2003

Bibliographical Abbreviations DLZ Dolce and Nota Santi, Dai Palazzi Assiri Donbaz and Grayson, RICCA DOTT Duek and Mynánová, Aramaean Borders Économie antique Ehelolf, Wortfolgeprinzip Elayi, Sargon II Ellis, Foundation Deposits Engel, Dämonen Eph‘al, Arabs Eretz-Israel Expedition Fales, ARIN Fales, Epigraphs Fales and Postgate, SAA 7 Fales and Postgate, SAA 11 Finet, Opposition Finkbeiner, AUWE 4 Fitzmyer and Kaufman, Aramaic Bibliography Folia Orientalia Fontan, Khorsabad Forbes, Ancient Technology2 5 Forrer, Provinz Forschungen und Fortschritte Foster, Before the Muses Foster, Before the Muses3 Frahm, KAL 3 Frahm, Sanherib Frame, RIMB 2 Frangipane, Alle origini Frankfort, OIC 16 Frankfort, OIC 17 Frankfort, OIC 19

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Deutsche Literaturzeitung. Berlin, 1880– R. Dolce and M. Nota Santi (eds.), Dai Palazzi Assiri: Immagini di potere da Assurnasirpal II ad Assurbanipal (IX-VII sec. a.C.) (=Studia Archaeologica 76). Rome, 1995 V. Donbaz and A.K. Grayson, Royal Inscriptions of Clay Cones from Ashur Now in Istanbul (=RIMS 1). Toronto, 1984 D. Winton Thomas (ed.), Documents from Old Testament Times. Edinburgh, 1958 J. Duek and J. Mynánová, Aramaean Borders: Defining Aramaean Territories in the 10th–8th Centuries B.C.E. (=Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 101). Leiden and Boston, 2019 J. Andreau, P. Briant, and R. Descat (eds.), Économie antique: Prix et formation des prix dans les économies antiques. Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges, 1997 H. Ehelolf, Ein Wortfolgeprinzip im Assyrisch-Babylonischen (=Leipziger Semitische Studien 6/3). Leipzig, 1916 J. Elayi, Sargon II, King of Assyria. Atlanta, 2017 R.S. Ellis, Foundation Deposits in Ancient Mesopotamia (=Yale Near Eastern Researches 2). New Haven and London, 1968 B.J. Engel, Darstellungen von Dämonen und Tieren in assyrischen Palästen und Tempeln nach den schriftlichen Quellen. Mönchengladbach, 1987 I. Eph‘al, The Ancient Arabs: Nomads on the Borders of the Fertile Crescent 9th–5th Centuries B.C. Jerusalem, 1982 Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies. Jerusalem, 1951– Expedition. Philadelpha, 1958– F.M. Fales (ed.), Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: New Horizons in Literary, Ideological, and Historical Analysis. Papers of a Symposium Held in Cetona (Siena) June 26–28, 1980. Rome, 1981 F.M. Fales, Aramaic Epigraphs on Clay Tablets of the Neo-Assyrian Period (=Studi Semitici NS 2). Rome, 1986 F.M. Fales and J.N. Postgate, Imperial Administrative Records, Part I: Palace and Temple Administration (=SAA 7). Helsinki, 1992 F. M. Fales and J. N. Postgate, Imperial Administrative Records, Part II: Provincial and Military Administration (=SAA 11). Helsinki, 1995 A. Finet (ed.), La Voix de l’opposition en Mesopotamie: Colloque organisé par l’Institut des Hautes Études de Belgique, 19 et 20 mars 1973. Brussels, 1975 U. Finkbeiner, Uruk, Kampagne 35-37, 1982-1984: Die archäologische Oberflächenuntersuchung (Survey) (=AUWE 4). Mainz am Rhein, 1991 J.A. Fitzmyer and S.A. Kaufman, An Aramaic Bibliography. Baltimore, 1992– Folia Orientalia. Kraków, 1959– E. Fontan, De Khorsabad à Paris. La découverte des Assyriens. Paris, 1994 R.J. Forbes, Studies in Ancient Technology. Volume 5, 2nd edition. Leiden, 1966 E. Forrer, Die Provinzeinteilung des assyrischen Reiches. Leipzig, 1920 Forschungen und Fortschritte: Nachrichtenblatt der deutschen Wissenschaft und Technik. Berlin, 1925–67 B.R. Foster, Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature, 2 vols. Bethesda, 1993À B.R. Foster, Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature, 3rd edition. Bethesda, 2005 E. Frahm, Historische und historisch-literarische Texte (=Keilschrifttexte aus Assur literarischen Inhalts 3 and WVDOG 121). Wiesbaden, 2009 E. Frahm, Einleitung in die Sanherib-Inschriften (=AfO Beiheft 26). Vienna and Horn, 1997 G. Frame, Rulers of Babylonia from the Second Dynasty of Isin to the End of Assyrian Domination (1157–612 BC) (=RIMB 2). Toronto, 1995 M. Frangipane (ed.), Alle origini del potere. Arslantepe, la collina dei leoni. Milan, 2004 H. Frankfort, Tell Asmar, Khafaje and Khorsabad. Second Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition (=OIC 16). Chicago, 1933 H. Frankfort, Iraq Excavations of the Oriental Institute 1932/33: Third Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition (=OIC 17). Chicago, 1934 H. Frankfort, Oriental Institute Discoveries in Iraq, 1933/34: Fourth Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition (=OIC 19). Chicago, 1935

xxxiv Frankfort, OIC 20 Frayne, RIME 1 Frayne, RIME 3/2 FuB Fuchs, Khorsabad Fuchs, SAAS 8 Fuchs and Parpola, SAA 15 Fügert and Gries, Glazed Brick Decoration Gadd, Ideas of Divine Rule Gadd, Stones Galling, Textbuch2 Galter, Ea/Enki Gaspa, Contenitori neoassiri Genge, Stelen de Genouillac, Kich Geographical Journal George, Topographical Texts GGA Gibson, TSSI 2 Glassner, Chronicles Gopnik and Rothman, On the High Road Goren, Finkelstein, and Na’aman, Inscribed in Clay de Graeve, Ships Grande Genova Grayson, Chronicles Grayson, RIMA 1 Grayson, RIMA 2 Grayson, RIMA 3 Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/1 Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 Green, “I Undertook Great Works” Greene and Griffin, Proceedings OSG 32 Gressman, ABAT2 Gressman, ATAT2

Bibliographical Abbreviations H. Frankfort, Progress of the Work of the Oriental Institute in Iraq, 1934/35: Fifth Preliminary Report of the Iraq Expedition (=OIC 20). Chicago, 1936 D. Frayne, Presargonic Period (2700–2350 BC) (=RIME 1). Toronto, 2008 D. Frayne, Ur III Period (2112–2004 BC) (=RIME 3/2). Toronto, 1997 Forschungen und Berichte. Berlin, 1957–91 A. Fuchs, Die Inschriften Sargons II. aus Khorsabad. Göttingen, 1994 A. Fuchs, Die Annalen des Jahres 711 v. Chr. nach Prismenfragmenten aus Ninive und Assur (=SAAS 8). Helsinki, 1998 A. Fuchs and S. Parpola, The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part III: Letters from Babylonia and the Eastern Provinces (=SAA 15). Helsinki, 2001. A. Fügert and H. Gries (eds.), Glazed Brick Decoration in the Ancient Near East: Proceedings of a Workshop at the 11th International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East (Munich) in April 2018. Oxford, 2020 C.J. Gadd, Ideas of Divine Rule in the Ancient Near East (=Schweich Lectures of the British Academy 1945). London, 1948 C.J. Gadd, The Stones of Assyria: The Surviving Remains of Assyrian Sculpture, Their Recovery, and Their Original Positions. London, 1936 K. Galling, Textbuch zur Geschichte Israels, 2nd edition. Tübingen, 1968 H.D. Galter, Der Gott Ea/Enki in der akkadischen Überlieferung: Eine Bestandsaufnahme des vorhandenen Materials (=Dissertationen der Karl-FranzensUniversität Graz 58). Graz, 1983 S. Gaspa, Contenitori neoassiri: Studi per un repertorio lessicale (=Philippika 67). Wiesbaden, 2014 H. Genge, Stelen neuassyrischer Könige: Eine Dokumentation und philologische Vorarbeit zur Würdigung einer archäologischen Denkmälergattung. Teil 1: Die Keilinschriften. Freiburg, 1965 H. de Genouillac, Premières recherches archéologiques à Kich (Fouilles françaises d’El-’Akhymer, Mission d’Henri de Genouillac, 1911–1912), 2 vols. Paris, 1924–25 The Geographical Journal. London, 1893– A.R. George, Babylonian Topographical Texts (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 40). Leuven, 1992 Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen. Berlin, 1802– J.C.L. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions, volume 2: Aramaic Inscriptions, including Inscriptions in the Dialect of Zenjirli. Oxford, 1975 J.-J. Glassner, Mesopotamian Chronicles (=Writings from the Ancient World 19). Atlanta, 2004 H. Gopnik and M.S. Rothman, On the High Road: The History of Godin Tepe, Iran. Costa Masa, CA, 2011 Y. Goren, I. Finkelstein, and N. Na’aman, Inscribed in Clay: Provenance Study of the Amarna Tablets and Other Near Eastern Texts. Tel Aviv, 2004 M.-C. de Graeve, The Ships of the Ancient Near East (c. 2000 to 500 B.C.) (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 7). Leuven, 1981 La Grande Genova: bollettino municipale. Genova, 1921– A.K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (=Texts from Cuneiform Sources 5). Locust Valley, NY, 1975 A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC (to 1115 BC) (=RIMA 1). Toronto, 1987 A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC I (1114–859 BC) (=RIMA 2). Toronto, 1991 A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Rulers ofthe Early First Millennium BC II (858-745 BC) (=RIMA 3). Toronto, 1996 A.K. Grayson and J. Novotny, The Royal Inscriptions of Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704–681 BC), Part 1 (=RINAP 3/1). Winona Lake, IN, 2012 A.K. Grayson and J. Novotny, The Royal Inscriptions of Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704–681 BC), Part 2 (=RINAP 3/2). Winona Lake, IN, 2014 D.J. Green, “I Undertook Great Works”: The Ideology of Domestic Achievements in West Semitic Royal Inscriptions. Tübingen, 2010 V. Greene and P. Griffin, Proceedings of the Objects Specialty Group Sesssion. 32nd Annual Meeting in Portland, Oregon, June 13, 2004 (=Objects Specialty Group Postprints 11). Electronic publication, 2004 H. Gressman, Altorientalische Bilder zum Alten Testament, 2nd edition. Berlin, 1927 H. Gressman, Altorientalische Texte zum Alten Testament, 2nd edition. Berlin, 1926

Bibliographical Abbreviations Gries, Assur-Tempel Gyselen, Prix Haas, Urartu Hall, Sculpture Haller, Gräber Haller, Heiligtümer Harper, ABL Harper, Assyrian and Babylonian Literature Heintz, Oracles Hellenika Herbordt, SAAS 1 Herzfeld, Iran in the Ancient Near East Hill, Jones, and Morales, Experiencing Power Holloway, Aur is King Horowitz, Cosmic Geography Horowitz and Oshima, Canaan HSAO 6 HSAO 14 HUCA Hunger, Kolophone Hunger, SAA 8 Hurowitz, Exalted House Hussein, Nimrud: Queens’ Tombs Hussein and Suleiman, Nimrud Hutter, Offizielle Religion

IEJ IMSA Inscriptions Reveal2 Interpreting Herodotus Iran IrAnt Iraq Ishida, Insho-no-sekai ISIMU JA JAH

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H. Gries, Der Assur-Tempel in Assur: Das assyrische Hauptheiligtum im Wandel der Zeit, 2 volumes (=WVDOG 149). Wiesbaden, 2017 R. Gyselen (ed.), Prix, salaires, poids et mesures (Res Orientales 2). Paris, 1990 V. Haas (ed.), Das Reich Urartu: Ein altorientalischer Staat im 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. (=Xenia 17). Konstanz, 1986 H.R. Hall, Babylonian and Assyrian Sculpture in the British Museum. Paris and Brussels, 1928 A. Haller, Die Gräber und Grüfte von Assur (=WVDOG 65). Berlin, 1954 A. Haller and W. Andrae, Die Heiligtümer des Gottes Assur und der Sin-ama-Tempel in Assur (=WVDOG 67). Berlin, 1955 R.F. Harper, Assyrian and Babylonian Letters Belonging to the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum, 14 vols. 1892–1914 R.F. Harper (ed.), Assyrian and Babylonian Literature: Selected Translations. New York, London and Chicago, 1901 J.-G. Heintz (ed.), Oracles et prophéties dans l’antiquité: Actes du Colloque de Strasbourg, 15-17 juin 1995. Paris, 1997 L. Ross (ed.), Hellenika: Archiv archäologischer, philologischer, historischer und epigraphischer Abhandlungen und Aufsätze. Halle, 1846 S. Herbordt, Assyrische Glyptik des 8.–7. Jh. v. Chr. (=SAAS 1). Helsinki, 1992 E.E. Herzfeld, Iran in the Ancient Near East: Archaeological Studies Presented in the Lowell Lectures at Boston. London, 1941 J.A. Hill, P. Jones, and A.J. Morales, Experiencing Power, Generating Authority: Cosmos, Politics, and the Ideology of Kingship in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Philadelphia, 2013 S.W. Holloway, Aur is King! Aur is King! Religion in the Exercise of Power in the Neo-Assyrian Empire (=Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 10). Boston and Leiden, 2002 W. Horowitz, Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography (=Mesopotamian Civilizations 8). Winona Lake, IN, 1998 W. Horowitz and T. Oshima (with S. Sanders), Cuneiform in Canaan: Cuneiform Sources from the Land of Israel in Ancient Times. Jerusalem, 2006 H. Waetzoldt and H. Hauptman (eds.), Assyrien im Wandel der Zeiten: XXXIXe Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Heidelberg 6.-10. Juli 1992 (=Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 6). Heidelberg, 1997 P.A. Miglus and S. Mühl, Between the Cultures: The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st Millennium BC. Conference at Heidelberg, January 22nd-24th, 2009 (=Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14). Heidelberg, 2011 Hebrew Union College Annual. Cincinnati, 1924– H. Hunger, Babylonische und assyrische Kolophone (=AOAT 2). Kevelaer and Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1968 H. Hunger, Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings (=SAA 8). Helsinki, 1992 V. Hurowitz, I Have Built You an Exalted House: Temple Building in the Bible in Light of Mesopotamian and Northwest Semitic Writings (=Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 115). Sheffield, 1992 M.M. Hussein, Nimrud: The Queens’ Tombs. Baghdad and Chicago, 2016 M.M. Hussein and A. Suleiman, Nimrud: A City of Golden Treasures. Baghdad, 2000 M. Hutter and S. Hutter-Braunsar, Offizielle Religion, lokale Kulte und individuelle Religiosität: Akten des religionsgeschichtlichen Symposiums “Kleinasien und angrenzende Gebiete vom Beginn des 2. bis zur Mitte des 1. Jahrtausends v. Chr.” (Bonn, 20.-22. Februar 2003) (=AOAT 318). Münster, 2004 Israel Exploration Journal. Jerusalem, 1950– Israel Museum Studies in Archaeology. Jerusalem, 2002– R. Hestrin et al., Inscriptions Reveal: Documents from the Time of the Bible, the Mishna and the Talmud, 2nd edition. Jerusalem, 1973 T. Harrison and E. Irwin, Interpreting Herodotus. Oxford, 2018 Iran. Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies. London, 1963– Iranica Antiqua. Leiden, 1961– Iraq. London, 1934– K. Ishida (ed.), Insho-no-sekai [The World of the Seal]. Tokyo, 1991 ISIMU: Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad. Madrid, 1998– Journal asiatique. Paris, 1822– Journal of Ancient History. Boston, 2013–

xxxvi JAOS JARCE JBL JCS Jean, Littérature Jean, Milieu biblique JEOL JFA JNES Johns, ADD

Jordan, Uruk-Warka Journal for Semitics Journal of Jewish Studies JPOS JRAS JSOT JSS Karageorghis and Kouka, Cyprus and the East Aegean Kaskal Kataja and Whiting, SAA 12 Katzenstein, Tyre Khazai, De Sumer à Babylone King, BBSt King, Cat. King, First Steps Kinnier Wilson, Wine Lists Kinscherf, Inschriftbruchstücke Kitchen, Third Intermediate Period2 Klengel, Gesellschaft und Kultur Koch-Westenholz, Mesopotamian Astrology Koldewey, WEB4 Körolu and Konyar, Urartu Kuhrt, Ancient Near East 2 Kuhrt, Persian Empire Kwasman and Parpola, SAA 6 Lambert, BWL Lambert, Cat. Lambert and Millard, Cat.

Bibliographical Abbreviations Journal of the American Oriental Society. New Haven, 1893– Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. Boston, 1962– Journal of Biblical Literature. Boston, 1881– Journal of Cuneiform Studies. New Haven and Cambridge, 1947– C.-F. Jean, La littérature des Babyloniens et des Assyriens. Paris, 1924 C.-F. Jean, Le milieu biblique avant Jésus-Christ, 3 vols. Paris, 1922–36 Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap “Ex Oriente Lux.” Leiden, 1933– Journal of Field Archaeology. Boston, 1974– Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Chicago, 1942– C.H.W. Johns, Assyrian Deeds and Documents, Recording the Transfer of Property, Including the So-called Private Contracts, Legal Decisions and Proclamations Preserved in the Kouyunjik Collections of the British Museum, Chiefly of the 7th Century B.C., 4 vols. Cambridge, 1898–1923 J. Jordan, Uruk-Warka nach den Ausgrabungen durch die Deutsche OrientGesellschaft (=WVDOG 51). Leipzig, 1928 Journal for Semitics = Tydskrif vir Semitistiek. Pretoria, 1989– The Journal of Jewish Studies. Cambridge, 1948– The Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society. Jerusalem, 1920–48 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. London, 1834– Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. Sheffield, 1976– Journal of Semitic Studies. Manchester, 1956– V. Karageorghis and O. Kouka, Cyprus and the East Aegean: Intercultural Contacts from 3000 to 500 BC: An International Archaeological Symposium held at Pythagoreion, Samos, October 17th–18th 2008. Nicosia, 2009 Kaskal. Rivista di storia, ambiente e culture del Vicino Oriente Antico. Padua, 2004– L. Kataja and R. Whiting, Grants, Decrees and Gifts of the Neo-Assyrian Period (=SAA 12). Helsinki, 1995 H.J. Katzenstein, The History of Tyre: From the Beginning of the Second Millenium B.C.E. Until the Fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 538 B.C.E. Jerusalem, 1973 K. Khazai (ed.), De Sumer à Babylone: Collections du Louvre. Brussels, 1983 L.W. King, Babylonian Boundary-Stones and Memorial-Tablets in the British Museum, 2 vols. London, 1912 L.W. King, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum, Supplement. London, 1914 L.W. King, First Steps in Assyrian: A Book for Beginners. London, 1898 J.V. Kinnier Wilson, The Nimrud Wine Lists: A Study of Men and Administration at the Assyrian Capital in the Eighth Century, B.C. (=Cuneiform Texts from Nimrud 1). London, 1972 L. Kinscherf, Inschriftbruchstücke aus Assur, auf ihren Inhalt und Zusammengehörigkeit geprüft, übersetzt und erklärt. PhD dissertation, Berlin, 1918 K.A. Kitchen, The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 BC, 2nd edition. Warminster, 1986 H. Klengel (ed.), Gesellschaft und Kultur im alten Vorderasien (=Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur des alten Orients 15). Berlin, 1982 U. Koch-Westenholz, Mesopotamian Astrology: An Introduction to Babylonian and Assyrian Celestial Divination. Copenhagen, 1995 R. Koldewey, Das wieder erstehende Babylon: Die bisherigen Ergebnisse der deutschen Ausgrabungen, 4th edition. Leipzig, 1925 K. Körolu and E. Konyar (eds.), Urartu: Dou’da Deiim / Transformation in the East. Istanbul, 2011 A. Kuhrt, The Ancient Near East c. 3000–330 BC, Volume 2. London and New York, 1995 A. Kuhrt, The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period. London and New York, 2007 T. Kwasman and S. Parpola, Legal Transactions of the Royal Court of Nineveh, Part I: Tiglath-Pileser III through Esarhaddon (=SAA 6). Helsinki, 1991 W.G. Lambert, Babylonian Wisdom Literature. Oxford, 1960 W.G. Lambert, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum, 3rd Supplement. London, 1992 W.G. Lambert and A.R. Millard, Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik Collection of the British Museum, 2nd Supplement. London, 1968

Bibliographical Abbreviations Land Between Two Rivers Landsberger, Sam’al Lanfranchi and Parpola, SAA 5 Larsen, Conquest of Assyria Larsen, Power and Propaganda Last Days Layard, Discoveries Layard, ICC Layard, Monuments Layard, Nineveh Lehmann-Haupt, Mat. Leichty, RINAP 4 Lenormant, Choix Levine, Geographical Studies Levine, Historical Geography Levine, Jerusalem Levine, Stelae Levine and Young, Mountains and Lowlands Lewis, Sargon Legend Lie, Sar. Lipiski, Itineraria Phoenicia Lipiski, Studies 4 Liverani, Assyria Liverani, Neo-Assyrian Geography Livingstone, SAA 3 de Longpérier, Notice3 van Loon, Urartian Art Loud, Khorsabad 1 Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 Luckenbill, ARAB von Luschan, Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli 1 Luukko, SAA 19 Lyon, Manual

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E. Quarantelli (ed.), The Land Between Two Rivers: Twenty Years of Italian Archaeology in the Middle East. The Treasures of Mesopotamia. Turin, 1985 B. Landsberger, Sam’al: Studien zur Entdeckung der Ruinenstätte Karatepe. Erste Lieferung. Ankara, 1948 G.B. Lanfranchi and S. Parpola, The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part II: Letters from the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (=SAA 5). Helsinki, 1990 M.T. Larsen, The Conquest of Assyria: Excavations in an Antique Land, 1840–1860. New York, 1996 M.T. Larsen (ed.), Power and Propaganda: A Symposium on Ancient Empires (=Mesopotamia 7). Copenhagen, 1979 S. Hasegawa, C. Levin, and K. Radner, The Last Days of the Kingdom of Israel (=Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 511). Berlin, 2019 A.H. Layard, Discoveries Among the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon; with Travels in Armenia, Kurdistan and the Desert: Being the Result of a Second Expedition Undertaken for the Trustees of the British Museum. London, 1853 A.H. Layard, Inscriptions in the Cuneiform Character, from Assyrian Monuments. London, 1851 A.H. Layard, The Monuments of Nineveh. London, 1849 A.H. Layard, Nineveh and Its Remains, 2 vols. London, 1849 C.F. Lehmann-Haupt, Materialien zur älteren Geschichte Armeniens und Mesopotamiens. Berlin, 1907 E. Leichty, The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680–669 BC) (=RINAP 4). Winona Lake, IN, 2011 F. Lenormant, Choix de textes cunéiformes inédits ou incomplétement publiés jusqu’à ce jour, 3 vols. Paris, 1873-75 L.D. Levine, Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian Zagros. Toronto, 1974 L.D. Levine, Contributions to the Historical Geography of the Zagros in the NeoAssyrian Period. PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1969 L.I. Levine (ed.), Jerusalem: Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. New York, 1999 L.D. Levine, Two Neo-Assyrian Stelae from Iran. Toronto, 1972 L.D. Levine and T.C. Young (eds.), Mountains and Lowlands: Essays in the Archaeology of Greater Mesopotamia (=BibMes 7). Malibu, 1977 B. Lewis, The Sargon Legend: A Study of the Akkadian Text and the Tale of the Hero Who Was Exposed at Birth. Cambridge, MA, 1980 A.G. Lie, The Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria. Part I: The Annals Transliterated and Translated with Notes. Paris, 1929 E. Lipiski, Itineraria Phoenicia (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 127). Leuven, 2004 E. Lipiski, Studies in Aramaic Inscriptions and Onomastics IV (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 250). Leuven, 2016 M. Liverania, Assyria: The Imperial Mission (=Mesopotamian Civilizations 21). Winona Lake, IN, 2017 M. Liverani (ed.), Neo-Assyrian Geography (=Quaderni di Geografia Storica 5). Rome, 1995 A. Livingstone, Court Poetry and Literary Miscellanea (=SAA 3). Helsinki, 1989 A. de Longpérier, Notice des antiquités assyriennes, bayloniennes, perses, hébraïques exposées dans les galeries du Musée du Louvre, 3rd edition. Paris, 1854 M.N. van Loon, Urartian Art: Its Distinctive Traits in the Light of New Excavations (=PIHANS 20). Istanbul, 1966 G. Loud, Khorsabad, Part I: Excavations in the Palace and at a City Gate (=OIP 38). Chicago, 1936 G. Loud and C.B. Altman, Khorsabad, Part II: The Citadel and the Town (=OIP 40). Chicago, 1938 D.D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, 2 vols. Chicago, 1926–27 F. von Luschan, Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli. I: Einleitung und Inschriften (=Mittheilungen aus den orientalischen Sammlungen der Köngilichen Museen zu Berlin 11). Berlin, 1893 M. Luukko, The Correspondence of Tiglath-Pileser III and Sargon II from Calah/Nimrud (=SAA 19). Helsinki, 2012 D.G. Lyon, An Assyrian Manual for the Use of Beginners in the Study of the Assyrian Language. Chicago, 1886

xxxviii Lyon, Sar. MacGinnis, Erbil Madden, Jewish Coinage Mallowan, Nimrud Mango, Marzahn, and Uehlinger, Könige am Tigris Maniori, Campagne di Sargon MAOG Margueron, Mesopotamia Marucchi, Catalogo Vaticano Marzahn, Könige am Tigris Marzahn and Jakob-Rost, Ziegeln 1 Matthiae, I grandi imperi May, Iconoclasm Mayer, Assyrien und Urar$u Mayer, Politik und Kriegskunst MDOG Meissner, BuA Meissner, Chrestomathie Melammu 1 Melammu 2

Melville, Campaigns of Sargon Ménant, Annales Ménant, Babylone Ménant, Manuel Ménant, Notice Lottin Ménant, Revers de plaques Menzel, Tempel Mesopotamia Messerschmidt, KAH 1 Millard, SAAS 2 Minerva Moorey, Materials and Industries Morenz and Bosshard-Nepustil, Herrscherpräsentation Muscarella, Archaeology, Artifacts and Antiquities

Bibliographical Abbreviations D.G. Lyon, Keilschrifttexe Sargon’s, Königs von Assyrien (722–705 v. Chr.) (=Assyriologische Bibliothek 5). Leipzig, 1883 J. MacGinnis, A City from the Dawn of History: Erbil in the Cuneiform Sources, Oxford and Philadelphia, 2014 F.W. Madden, History of Jewish Coinage, and of Money in the Old and New Testament. London, 1864 M.E.L. Mallowan, Nimrud and Its Remains, 3 vols. London, 1966 E. Mango, J. Marzahn, and C. Uehlinger (eds.), Könige am Tigris: Medien assyrischer Herrschaft. Zurich, 2008 F. Maniori, Le campagne babilonesi ed orientali di Sargon II d’Assiria: un’analisi topografica. Rome, 2014 Mitteilungen der Altorientalischen Gesellschaft. Leipzig, 1925–43 Margueron, Mesopotamia (=Archaeologia Mundi). Cleveland, 1965 O. Marucchi, Catalogo del Museo Egizio Vaticano con la Traduzione dei Principali Testi Geroglifici. Rome, 1902 J. Marzahn, Könige am Tigris: Assyrische Palastreliefs in Dresden. Katalogbuch zur Ausstellung der Skulpturensammlung im Albertinum, Dresden, 20. März–29. September 2004. Mainz am Rhein, 2004 J. Marzahn and L. Jakob-Rost, Die Inschriften der assyrischen Könige auf Ziegeln aus Assur, Teil 1. Berlin, 1984 Matthiae, I grandi imperi, 1000–300 a.C. Milan, 1996 N.N. May (ed.), Iconoclasm and Text Destruction in the Ancient Near East and Beyond (=University of Chicago Oriental Institute Seminars 8). Chicago, 2012 W. Mayer, Assyrien und Urar$u, 2 vols. (=AOAT 395). Münster, 2013 W. Mayer, Politik und Kriegskunst der Assyrer (=Abhandlungen zur Literatur AltSyrien-Palästinas 9). Münster, 1995 Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin. Berlin, 1898– B. Meissner, Babylonien und Assyrien, 2 vols. Heidelberg, 1920 and 1925 B. Meissner, Assyrisch-babylonische Chrestomathie für Anfänger. Leiden, 1895 S. Aro and R.M. Whiting (eds.), The Heirs of Assyria: Proceedings of the Opening Symposium of the Assyrian and Babylonian Intellectual Heritage Project Held in Tvärminne, Finland, October 8–11, 1998 (=Melammu Symposium 1). Helsinki, 2000 R.M. Whiting (ed.), Mythology and Mythologies: Methodological Approaches to Intercultural Influences. Proceedings of the Second Annual Symposium of the Assyrian and Babylonian Intellectual Heritage Project Held in Paris, France, October 4–7, 1999 (=Melammu Symposium 2). Helsinki, 2001 S.C. Meville, The Campaigns of Sargon II, King of Assyria, 721–705 B.C. Norman, OK, 2016 J. Ménant, Annales des rois d’Assyrie. Paris, 1874 J. Ménant, Babylone et la Chaldée. Paris, 1875 J. Ménant, Manuel de la langue assyrienne. Paris, 1880 J. Ménant, Notice sur les inscriptions en caractères cunéiformes de la collection épigraphique de M. Lottin de Laval. Caen, 1858 J. Ménant, Inscriptions des revers de plaques du palais de Khorsabad, Paris, 1865 B. Menzel, Assyrische Tempel, 2 vols. (=Studia Pohl, Series Maior 10). Rome, 1981 Mesopotamia: Revista di archeologia, epigrafia e storia orientale antica. Turin, 1966– L. Messerschmidt, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur historischen Inhalts, erstes Heft (=WVDOG 16). Leipzig, 1911 A.R. Millard, The Eponyms of the Assyrian Empire 910–612 BC (=SAAS 2). Helsinki, 1994 Minerva. London, 1990– P.R.S. Moorey, Ancient Mesopotamian Materials and Industries: The Archaeological Evidence. Oxford, 1994 L.D. Morenz and E. Bosshard-Nepustil, Herrscherpräsentation und Kulturkontakte: Ägypten, Levante, Mesopotamien: Acht Fallstudien (=AOAT 304). Münster, 2003 O.W. Muscarella, Archaeology, Artifacts and Antiquities of the Ancient Near East: Sites, Cultures, and Proveniences. Leiden, 2013

Bibliographical Abbreviations Muscarella, Ladders

Muscarella and Elliyoun, Eighth Campaign of Sargon II MVAG NABU New Light on Nimrud Novotny and Jeffers, RINAP 5/1 Nunn, Knaufplatten Nunn, Wandmalerei J. and D. Oates, Nimrud OIC OIP Olmstead, Historiography Olmstead, Western Asia OLP OLZ Oppenheim, Glass Oppert, Chronologie Oppert, Dour-Sarkayan Oppert, EM Oppert, Sargonides Oppert and Ménant, Fastes Oppert and Ménant, Grande Inscription OrAnt Orient Orientalia NS Orthmann, Der alte Orient Parpola, SAA 1 Parpola, Toponyms Parpola and Porter, Helsinki Atlas Parpola and Whiting, Assyria 1995 Parrot, Assyria Parrot, Trésors Pecorella, Malatya 3 Pecorella and Salvini, Tra lo Zagros

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O.W. Muscarella (ed.), Ladders to Heaven: Art Treasures from Lands of the Bible. A Catalogue of Some of the Objects in the Collection Presented by Elie Borowski to the Lands of the Bible Archaeology Foundation and Displayed in the Exhibition “Ladders to Heaven: Our Judeo-Christian Heritage 5000 BC-AD 500” Held at the Royal Ontario Museum June 23-October 28, 1979. Toronto, 1981 O.W. Muscarella and S. Elliyoun (eds.), The Eighth Campaign of Sargon II: Historical, Geographical, Literary, and Ideological Aspects. Tabriz, 2012 Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatisch-Aegyptischen Gesellschaft. Leipzig and Berlin, 1896–1944 Nouvelles assyriologiques brèves et utilitaires. Paris, 1987– J.E. Curtis, H. McCall, D. Collon, and L. al-Gailani Werr (eds.), New Light on Nimrud: Proceedings of the Nimrud Conference, 11th–13th March 2002. London, 2008 J. Novotny and J. Jeffers, The Royal Inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (668–631 BC), Auretel-ilni (630–627 BC), and Sîn-arra-ikun (626–612 BC), Kings of Assyria, Part 1 (=RINAP 5/1). University Park, PA, 2018 A. Nunn, Knaufplatten und Knäufe aus Assur (=WVDOG 112). Saarwellingen, 2006 A. Nunn, Die Wandmalerei und der glasierte Wandschmuck im alten Orient (=Handbuch der Orientalistik 7/1/2/B/6). Leiden, 1988 J. Oates and D. Oates, Nimrud: An Assyrian Imperial City Revealed. London, 2001 Oriental Institute Communications. Chicago, 1922– Oriental Institute Publications. Chicago, 1924– A.T.E. Olmstead, Assyrian Historiography: A Source Study (=The University of Missouri Studies Social Science Series 3/1). Columbia, MT, 1916 A.T.E. Olmstead, Western Asia in the Days of Sargon 722–705 B.C.: A Study in Oriental History. Lancaster, PA 1908 Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica. Leuven, 1970– Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. Berlin and Leipzig, 1898– A.L. Oppenheim et al., Glass and Glassmaking in Ancient Mesopotamia: An Edition of the Cuneiform Tests Which Contain Instructions for Glassmakers with a Catalogue of Surviving Objects. Corning, 1970 J. Oppert, Chronologie des Assyriens et des Babyloniens. [Paris], 1856 J. Oppert, Les inscriptions de Dour-Sarkayan (Khorsabad) provenant des fouilles de M. Victor Place. Paris, 1870 J. Oppert, Expédition scientifique en Mésopotamie exécutée par ordre du gouvernement de 1851 à 1854 par MM. Fulgence Fresnel, Félix Thomas et Jules Oppert, 2 vols. Paris, 1859–1863 J. Oppert, Les inscriptions assyriennes des Sargonides et les fastes de Ninive. Versailles, 1862 J. Oppert and J. Ménant, Les fastes de Sargon, roi d’Assyrie (721 à 703 avant J.C.), traduits et publiés d’après le texte assyrien de la grande inscription des salles du palais de Khorsabad. Paris, 1863 J. Oppert and J. Ménant, Grande inscription du palais de Khorsabad. Paris, 1863 Oriens Antiquus. Rome, 1962–90 Orient: The Reports of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan. Tokyo, 1960– Orientalia. Nova Series. Rome, 1932– W. Orthmann, Der alte Orient (=Propyläen Kunstgeschichte 14). Berlin, 1975 S. Parpola, The Correspondence of Sargon II, Part I: Letters from Assyria and the West (=SAA 1). Helsinki, 1987 S. Parpola, Neo-Assyrian Toponyms (=AOAT 6). Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1970 S. Parpola and M. Porter (ed.), The Helsinki Atlas of the Near East in the Neo-Assyrian Period. [Chebeague Island, Me], 2001 S. Parpola and R.M. Whiting (eds.), Assyria 1995: Proceedings of the 10th Anniversary Symposium of the Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, Helsinki, September 7–11, 1995. Helsinki, 1997 A. Parrot, The Arts of Assyria. New York, 1961 A. Parrot (ed.), Trésors du Musée de Bagdad des origines à l’Islam. Paris, 1966 P.E. Pecorella, Malatya - III: Rapporto preliminare delle campagne 1963-1968. Il livello eteo imperiale e quelli neoetei (=Orientis antiqui collectio 12). Rome, 1975 P.E. Pecorella and M. Salvini (eds.), Tra lo Zagros e l’Urmia: Ricerche storiche ed archeologiche nell’Azerbaigian iraniano (=Incunabula Graeca 78). Rome, 1984

xl Pedde and Lundström, Palast Pedersén, Archives Pedersén, Katalog Pedersén, Libraries PEFQ Perrot and Chipiez, Histoire de l’art 2 Persian Gulf Conference 3 Pezzoli-Olgiati, Immagini urbane PIHANS Pillet, Khorsabad Pillet, Pionnier Pinches, Outline Place, Ninive et l’Assyrie PNA Pomponio, Formule Pongratz-Leisten, Ina ulmi rub Pongratz-Leisten, Religion and Ideology Pongratz-Leisten, SAAS 10 Postgate, Royal Grants Postgate, Taxation Pottier, Antiquités assyriennes Potts, Arabian Gulf Presbyterian Life Preusser, Paläste Preusser, Wohnhäuser PSBA 1R 3R 4R 5R RA Raaflaub, Anfänge politischen Denkens

Bibliographical Abbreviations F. Pedde and S. Lundström, Der Alte Palast in Assur: Architektur und Baugeschichte, mit interaktiven Architekturplänen und Fotos auf CD-ROM (=WVDOG 120). Wiesbaden, 2008 O. Pedersén, Archives and Libraries in the City of Assur: A Survey of the Material from the German Excavations, 2 vols. (=Studia Semitica Upsaliensia 6 and 8). Uppsala, 1985– 86 O. Pedersén, Katalog der beschrifteten Objekte aus Assur: Die Schriftträger mit Ausnahme der Tontafeln und ähnlicher Archivtexte (=Abhandlungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 23). Saarbrücken, 1997 O. Pedersén, Archives and Libraries in the Ancient Near East, 1500–300 B.C. Bethesda, MD, 1998 Quarterly Statement of the Palestine Exploration Fund. London, 1869–1936 G. Perrot and C. Chipiez, Chaldée et Assyrie (=Histoire de l’art dans l’antiquité 2). Paris, 1884 Collection of Papers Presented at the Third International Biennial Conference of the Persian Gulf (History, Culture and Civilization). Tehran, 2013 D. Pezzoli-Olgiati, Immagini urbane: Interpretazioni religiose della città antica (=Biblicus et Orientalis). Freiburg, 2002 Publications de l’Institut historique-archéologique néerlandais de Stamboul. Leiden, 1956– M.E. Pillet, Khorsabad: Les découvertes de V. Place en Assyrie. Paris, 1918 M.E. Pillet, Un pionnier de l’assyriologie: Victor Place, consul de France à Mossoul, explorateur du palais de Sargon II (722-705 av. J.-C.) à Khorsabad (1852-1855). Paris, 1962 T.G. Pinches, An Outline of Assyrian Grammar, with a Short Sign-List, a List of Late Babylonian Forms of Characters, and Autographic Reproductions of Texts. London, 1910 V. Place, Ninive et l’Assyrie, 3 vols. Paris, 1867–70 H.D. Baker and K. Radner (eds.), The Prosopography of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Helsinki, 1998– F. Pomponio, Formule di maledizione della Mesopotamia preclassica. Brescia, 1990 B. Pongratz-Leisten, Ina ulmi rub: Die Kulttopographische und ideologische Programmatik der aktu-Prozession in Babylonien und Assyrien im 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. (=Baghdader Forschungen 16). Mainz am Rhein, 1994 B. Pongratz-Leisten, Religion and Ideology in Assyria (=Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Records 6). Boston, 2015 B. Pongratz-Leisten, Herrschaftswissen im Mesopotamien: Formen der Kommunikation zwischen Gott und König im 2. und 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. (=SAAS 10). Helsinki, 1999 J.N. Postgate, Neo-Assyrian Royal Grants and Decrees (=Studia Pohl, Series Maior 1). Rome, 1969 J.N. Postgate, Taxation and Conscription in the Assyrian Empire (=Studia Pohl, Series Maior 3). Rome, 1974 E. Pottier, Catalogue des antiquités assyriennes. Paris, 1924 D.T. Potts, The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, 2 vols. Oxford, 1990 Presbyterian Life. Dayton, 1948–72 C. Preusser, Die Paläste in Assur (=WVDOG 66). Berlin, 1955 C. Preusser, Die Wohnhäuser in Assur (=WVDOG 64). Berlin, 1954 Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 40 vols. London, 1878–1918 H.C. Rawlinson and E. Norris, The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, vol. 1: A Selection from the Historical Inscriptions of Chaldaea, Assyria, and Babylonia. London, 1861 H.C. Rawlinson and G. Smith, The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, vol. 3: A Selection from the Miscellaneous Inscriptions of Assyria. London, 1870 H.C. Rawlinson and G. Smith, The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, vol. 4: A Selection from the Miscellaneous Inscriptions of Assyria. London, 1875 H.C. Rawlinson and T.G. Pinches, The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, vol. 5: A Selection from the Miscellaneous Inscriptions of Assyria and Babylonia. London, 1880–84 Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale. Paris, 1886– K. Raaflaub (ed.), Anfänge politischen Denkens in der Antike: Die nahöstlichen Kulturen und die Griechen. Munich, 1993

Bibliographical Abbreviations Radner, Macht des Namens Records of the Past Redman, Rise of Civilization Reiner and Pingree, BibMes 2/2 Revue archéologique Reyes, Archaic Cyprus RHA RIM RIMA RIMB RIME RIMS RINAP RLA RLV Rollinger, Interkulturalität RPARA RT J.M. Russell, Senn.’s Palace J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall SAA SAAB SAAS SAD Sagona, Beyond the Homeland Salonen, Vögel Salvini, Urartäer Sarsowsky, Urkundenbuch Schmidt, Perspolis 1 Schmidt, Persepolis 2 Schmitt, Iranische Personnamen Schott, Vergleiche Schott, Vorarbeiten Schrader, Cuneiform Inscriptions Schrader, KAT2 Schrader, KB 2 Schrader, Keilinschriften und Geschichtsforschung Schrader, Sargonsstele Schroeder, KAH 2

xli

K. Radner, Die Macht des Namens: Altorientalische Strategien zur Selbsterhaltung (=SANTAG 8). Wiesbaden, 2005 S. Birch (ed.), Records of the Past: Being English Translations of the Assyrian and Egyptian Monuments [Series 1], 12 vols. London, 1873–81 C.L. Redman, The Rise of Civilization: From Early Farmers to Urban Society in the Ancient Near East. San Francisco, 1978 E. Reiner and D. Pingree, Babylonian Planetary Omens, Part Two: Enma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50–51 (=BibMes 2/2). Malibu, 1981 Revue archéologique. Paris, 1844– A.T. Reyes, Archaic Cyprus: A Study of the Textual and Archaeological Evidence. Oxford, 1994 Revue hittite et asianique. Paris, 1930– The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Toronto, 1984–2008 The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods, 3 vols. Toronto, 1987–96 The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Babylonian Periods, 1 vol. Toronto, 1995 The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Early Periods, 5 vols. Toronto, 1990–2008 The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Supplements, 1 vol. Toronto, 1984 The Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period. Winona Lake, IN, 2011– Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, 15 vols. Berlin, 1932–2018 Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte, 15 vols. Berlin, 1924–32 R. Rollinger et al. (eds.), Interkulturalität in der Alten Welt: Vorderasien, Hellas, Ägypten und die vielfältigen Ebenen des Kontakts (=Philippika 34). Wiesbaden, 2010 Rendiconti. Atti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia. Rome, 1923– Recueil de travaux relatifs à la philologie de à l’archeologie égyptiennes et assyriennes. Paris, 1870–1923 J.M. Russell, Sennacherib’s Palace Without Rival at Nineveh. Chicago and London, 1991 J.M. Russell, The Writing on the Wall: Studies in the Architectural Context of Late Assyrian Palace Inscriptions (=Mesopotamian Civilizations 9). Winona Lake, IN, 1999 State Archives of Assyria. Helsinki, 1987– State Archives of Assyria Bulletin. Padua, 1987– State Archives of Assyria Studies. Helsinki, 1992– M. Streck (ed.), Supplement to the Akkadian Dictionaries (=Leipziger Altorientalische Studien 7,1–). Wiesbaden, 2018– C. Sagona (ed.), Beyond the Homeland: Markers in Phoenician Chronology. Louvain, 2008 A. Salonen, Vögel und Vogelfang im alten Mesopotamien. Helsinki, 1973 M. Salvini, Geschichte und Kultur der Urartäer. Darmstadt, 1995 A. Sarsowsky, Keilschriftliches Urkundenbuch zum Alten Testament. I. Teil: Historische Texte. Leiden, 1911 E.F. Schmidt, Persepolis I: Structures  Reliefs 
Inscriptions (=OIP 68). Chicago, 1953 E.F. Schmidt, Persepolis II: Contents of the Treasury and Other Discoveries (=OIP 69). Chicago, 1957 R. Schmitt, Iranische Personnamen in der neuassyrischen Nebenüberlieferung (=Iranisches Personnamenbuch 7/1A). Vienna, 2009. A. Schott, Die Vergleiche in den akkadischen Königsinschriften (=MVAG 30/2). Leipzig, 1926 A. Schott, Vorarbeiten zur Geschichte der Keilschriftliteratur. I: Die assyrischen Königsinschriften vor 722. a) Der Schreibgebrauch (=Bonner Orientalistische Studien 13). Stuttgart, 1935 E. Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament, 2 vols. London, 1885– 88 E. Schrader, Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament, 2nd edition. Giessen, 1883 E. Schrader, Sammlung von assyrischen und babylonischen Texten in Umschrift und Übersetzung (=Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek 2). Berlin, 1890 E. Schrader, Keilinschriften und Geschichtsforschung: Ein Beitrag zur monumentalen Geographie, Geschichte und Chronologie der Assyrer. Giessen, 1878 E. Schrader, Die Sargonsstele des Berliner Museums. Berlin, 1882 O. Schroeder, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur historischen Inhalts, Zweites Heft (=WVDOG 37). Leipzig, 1922

xlii Schwemer, Wettergottgestalten Searight, Assyrian Stone Vessels Segert, Altaramäische Grammatik Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusaelm Seux, ERAS Seux, Hymnes de Sion, Forteresse Antonia G. Smith, Assyrian Discoveries W.S. Smith, Interconnections von Soden, Aus Sprache von Soden, SAHG von Soden and Röllig, Syllabar3 Sokoloff, Arameans Spieckermann, Juda unter Assur Stern, Archaeology of the Land of the Bible 2 Stern, New Encyclopedia StOr Strassmaier, AV

Streck, Asb. Studia Antiqua Studia Iranica Studi Ciprioti e Rapporti di Scavo Studi e documenti Studies Astour Studies Bergerhof Studies Boehmer Studies Cagni Studies Calmeyer Studies Diakonoff

Bibliographical Abbreviations D. Schwemer, Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen. Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen, Wiesbaden 2001 A. Searight, J. Reade, and I. Finkel, Assyrian Stone Vessels and Related Material in the British Museum. Oxford, 2008 S. Segert, Altaramäische Grammatik, mit Bibliographie, Chrestomathie und Glossar. Leipzig, 1975 I. Kalimi and S. Richardson (eds.), Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem: Story, History and Historiography (=Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 71). Leiden and Boston, 2014 M.-J. Seux, Épithètes royales akkadiennes et sumériennes. Paris, 1967 M.-J. Seux, Hymnes et prières aux dieux de Babylonie et d’Assyrie (=Littératures anciennes du Proche-Orient 8). Paris, 1976 M.A. de Sion, La forteresse Antonia à Jérusalem et la question du prétoire. Jerusalem, 1956 G. Smith, Assyrian Discoveries; An Account of Explorations and Discoveries on the Site of Nineveh, During 1873 and 1874. New York, 1875 W.S. Smith, Interconnections in the Ancient Near-East: A Study of the Relationships Between the Arts of Egypt, the Aegean, and Western Asia. New Haven, 1965 W. von Soden, Aus Sprache, Geschichte und Religion Babyloniens: Gesammelte Aufsätze. Naples, 1989 A. Falkenstein and W. von Soden, Sumerische und akkadische Hymnen und Gebete. Zurich and Stuttgart, 1953 W. von Soden and W. Röllig, Das akkadische Syllabar, 3rd edition (=Analecta Orientalia 42). Rome, 1976 M. Sokoloff (ed.), Arameans, Aramaic and the Aramaic Literary Tradition. Ramat-Gan, 1983 H. Spieckermann, Juda unter Assur in der Sargonidenzeit. Göttingen, 1982 E. Stern, Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, volume 2: The Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, 732–332 BCE. New York, 1990 E. Stern (ed.), The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, 5 vols. Jerusalem and New York, 1993 Studia Orientalia (Societas Orientalis Fennica). Helsinki, 1925– J.N. Strassmaier, Alphabetisches Verzeichniss der assyrischen und akkadischen Wörter der Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, vol. II, sowie anderer meist unveröffentlichter Inschriften. Mit zahlreichen Ergänzungen und Verbesserungen und einem Wörterverzeichniss zu den in den Verhandlungen des VI. OrientalistenCongresses zu Leiden veröffentlichten babylonischen Inschriften (=Assyriologische Bibliothek 4). Leipzig, 1886 M. Streck, Assurbanipal und die letzten assyrischen Könige bis zum Untergange Niniveh’s, 3 vols. (=Vorderasiatische Bibliothek 7). Leipzig, 1916 Studia Antiqua: A Student Journal for the Study of the Ancient World. Provo, Utah, 2001– Studia Iranica. Paris, 1972– Studi Ciprioti e Rapporti di Scavo, 2 vols. Rome, 1971–76 Studi e documenti di storia e diritto. Rome, 1880–1904 G.D. Young, M.W. Chavalas, and R.E. Averbeck (eds.), Crossing Boundaries and Linking Horizons: Studies in Honor of Michael C. Astour on His 80th Birthday. Bethesda, 1997 M. Dietrich and O. Loretz (eds.), Mesopotamica – Ugaritica – Biblica: Festschrift für Kurt Bergerhof zur Vollendung seines 70. Lebensjahres am 7. Mai 1992 (=AOAT 232). Münster, 1993 U. Finkbeiner, R. Dittmann, and H. Hauptmann (eds.), Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte Vorderasiens: Festschrift für Rainer Michael Boehmer. Mainz am Rhein, 1995 S. Graziani, Studi sul Vicino Oriente antico dedicati alla memoria di Luigi Cagni, 4 vols. Naples, 2000 R. Dittmann et al. (eds.), Variatio delectat: Iran und der Westen; Gedenkschrift für Peter Calmeyer (=AOAT 272). Münster, 2000 N. Koslova (ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference Dedicated to the Centenary of Igor Mikhailovich Diakonoff (1915–1999) (=Transactions of the State Hermitage Museum 95). St. Petersburg, 2018.

Bibliographical Abbreviations Studies Dietrich Studies Donbaz Studies Dostal Studies Ellis Studies Ephal Studies Fales Studies Foster Studies Grayson Studies Haas Studies Haider Studies Heltzer Studies Hermary Studies Hrouda Studies Lanfranchi Studies Lehmann-Haupt Studies Lipiski Studies Loretz

Studies Mikasa Studies Milano Studies Moran Studies Neumann Studies Oded Studies Oppenheim Studies Palmieri

xliii

O. Loretz, K.A. Metzler, and H. Schaudig (eds.), Ex Mesopotamia et Syria Lux: Festschrift für Manfried Dietrich zu seinem 65. Geburtstag (=AOAT 281). Münster, 2002 . Dönmez (ed.), Veysel Donbaz’a Sunulan Y4M`?4E. DUB.SAR É.DUB.BA.A: Studies Presented in Honour of Veysel Donbaz. Istanbul, 2010 A. Gingrich, S. Haas, G. Paleczek, and T. Fillitz (eds.), Studies in Oriental Culture and History: Festschrift for Walter Dostal. Frankfurt am Main, 1993 M.J. Boda and J. Novotny (eds.), From the Foundations to the Crenellations: Essays on Temple Building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible (=AOAT 366). Münster, 2010 M. Cogan and D. Kahn (eds.), Treasures on Camels’ Humps: Historical and Literary Studies from the Ancient Near East Presented to Israel Ephal. Jerusalem, 2008 G.B. Lanfranchi et al. (eds.), Leggo! Studies Presented to Frederick Mario Fales on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday (=Leipziger Altorientalistische Studien 2). Wiesbaden, 2012 S.C. Melville and A.L. Slotsky (eds.), Opening the Tablet Box: Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Benjamin R. Foster (=Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 42). Leiden, 2010 G. Frame (ed.), From the Upper Sea to the Lower Sea: Studies on the History of Assyria and Babylonia in Honour of A.K. Grayson (=PIHANS 101). Leiden, 2004 T. Richter, D. Prechel, and J. Klinger (eds.), Kulturgeschichten: Altorientalistische Studien für Volkert Haas zum 65. Geburtstag. Saarbrücken, 2001 R. Rollinger and B. Truschnegg (eds.), Altertum und Mittelmeerraum: Die antike Welt diesseits und jenseits der Levante. Festschrift für Peter W. Haider zum 60. Geburtstag (=Oriens et Occidens 12). Stuttgart, 2006 Y. Avishur and R. Deutsch (eds.), Michael: Historical, Epigraphical and Biblical Studies in Honor of Prof. Michael Heltzer. Tel Aviv, 1999 Hommage à Antoine Hermary: Colloque “Chypre e les grandes îles de Méditerranée,” Marseille, 16-17 octobre 2015 (=Cahiers du Centre d’Études Chypriotes 46). Paris, 2016 P. Calmeyer et al. (eds.), Beiträge zur altorientalischen Archäologie und Altertumskunde: Festschrift für Barthel Hrouda zum 65. Geburtstag. Wiesbaden, 1994 S. Gaspa et al. (eds.), From Source to History: Studies on Ancient Near Eastern Worlds and Beyond. Dedicated to Giovanni Battista Lanfranchi on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday on June 23, 2014 (=AOAT 412). Münster, 2014 K. Regling and H. Reich (eds.), Festschrift zu C.F. Lehmann-Haupts sechzigstem Geburtstage. Vienna, 1921 K. van Lerberghe and A. Schoors (eds.), Immigration and Emigration within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipiski (=Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 65). Leuven, 1995 M. Dietrich and I. Kottsieper (eds.), “Und Mose schrieb dieses Lied auf”: Studien zum Alten Testament und zum Alten Orient; Festschrift für Oswald Loretz zur Vollendung seines 70. Lebensjahres mit Beiträgen von Freunden, Schülern und Kollegen (=AOAT 250). Münster, 1998 M. Mori, H. Ogawa, and M. Yoshikawa (eds.), Near Eastern Studies Dedicated to H. I. H. Prince Takahito Mikasa on the Occasion of His Seventy-Fifth Birthday. Wiesbaden, 1991 P. Corò et al. (eds.), Libiamo ne’ lieti calici: Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Lucio Milano on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday by Pupils, Colleagues and Friends (=AOAT 436). Münster, 2016 T. Abusch, J. Huehnergard, and P. Steinkeller (eds.), Lingering over Words: Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Literature in Honor of William L. Moran (=Harvard Semitic Studies 37). Atlanta, 1990 K. Kleber, G. Neumann, and S. Paulus (eds.), Grenzüberschreitungen. Studien zur Kulturgeschichte des Alten Orients. Festschrift für Hans Neumann zum 65. Geburtstag am 9. Mai 2018 (=Dubsar 5). Münster, 2018 G. Galil, M. Geller, and A.R. Millard (eds.), Homeland and Exile: Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honour of Bustenay Oded (=Vetus Testamentum Supplements 130). Leiden and Boston, 2009 R.D. Biggs and J.A. Brinkman (eds.), Studies Presented to A. Leo Oppenheim, June 7, 1964. Chicago, 1964 M. Frangipane et al. (eds.), Between the Rivers and Over the Mountains: Archaeologica Anatolica et Mesopotamica Alba Palmieri Dedicata. Rome, 1993

xliv Studies Parpola Studies Postgate Studies Renger Studies Salvini Studies Schoder Studies Tadmor Studies Volk Studies Weippert Studies Wilcke Subartu Subartu 18 Sumer Sumeroloji AraG`r@4?4E` Swift, Pottery of the ‘Amuq Tadmor, Tigl, III Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 Tallon, Pierres Tallqvist, Götterepitheta Talon, Annales assyriennes Tavernier, Topography and Toponymy TCL Tel Aviv Thompson, DACG Thompson, Terror of Radiance Thompson and Hutchinson, CEN Thureau-Dangin, TCL 3 Thureau-Dangin and Dunand, TilBarsib Timm, Moab TUAT UF Unger, IAMN 9

Bibliographical Abbreviations M. Luukko, S. Svärd, and R. Mattila (eds.), Of God(s), Trees, Kings, and Scholars: NeoAssyrian and Related Studies in Honour of Simo Parpola (=StOr 106). Helsinki, 2009 Y. Heffron, A. Stone, and M. Worthington (eds.), At the Dawn of History: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honour of J.N. Postgate, 2 vols. Winona Lake, IN, 2017 B. Böck, E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, and T. Richter (eds.), Munuscula Mesopotamica: Festschrift für Johannes Renger (=AOAT 267). Münster, 1999 P.S. Avetisyan, R. Dan, and Y.H. Grekyan (eds.), Over the Mountains and Far Away: Studies in Near Eastern History and Archaeology Presented to Mirjo Salvini on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday. Oxford, 2019 R.F. Sutton, Jr. (ed.), Daidalikon: Studies in Memory of Raymond V. Schoder, S.J. Wauconda, IL, 1989 M. Cogan and I. Ephal (eds.), Ah, Assyria ... Studies in Assyrian History and Ancient Near Eastern Historiography Presented to Hayim Tadmor (=Scripta Hierosolymitana, Publications of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem 33). Jerusalem, 1991 J. Baldwin, J. Matuszak, and M. Ceccarelli (eds.), mu-zu an-za3-e3 kur-ur2-e3 #e2-al2: Altorientalistische Studien zu Ehren von Konrad Volk (=Dubsar 17). Münster, 2020. U. Hübner and E.A. Knauf (eds.), Kein Land für sich allein: Studien zum Kulturkontakt in Kanaan, Israel/Palästina und Ebirnâri für Manfred Weippert zum 65. Geburtstag (=Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 186). Freiburg, 2002 W. Sallaberger, K. Volk, and A. Zgoll (eds.), Literatur, Politik und Recht in Mesopotamien: Festschrift für Claus Wilcke (=Orientalia Biblica et Christiana 14). Wiesbaden, 2003 Subartu. Turnhout, 1995– M. Fortin (ed.), Tell ‘Acharneh 1998-2004: Rapports préliminaires sur les campagnes de fouilles et saison d’études / Preliminary Reports on Excavation Campaigns and Study Season (=Subartu 18). Turnhout, 2006 Sumer: A Journal of Archaeology in Iraq. Baghdad, 1945– Sumeroloji AraG`r@4?4E`: 1940–41. Istanbul, 1941 G.F. Swift, The Pottery of the ‘Amuq Phases K to O, and Its Historical Relationships. PhD dissertation. Chicago, 1958 H. Tadmor, The Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III, King of Assyria: Critical Edition, with Introductions, Translations, and Commentary. Jerusalem, 1994 H. Tadmor and S. Yamada, The Royal Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III (744–727 BC) and Shalmaneser V (726–722 BC), Kings of Assyria (=RINAP 1). Winona Lake, IN, 2011 F. Tallon, Les pierres précieuses de l'Orient ancien des Sumériens aux Sassanides. Paris, 1995 K. Tallqvist, Akkadische Götterepitheta, mit einem Götterverzeichnis und einer Liste der prädikativen Elemente der sumerischen Götternamen (=Studia Orientalia 7). Helsinki, 1938 P. Talon, Annales assyriennes d’Assurnasirpal II à Assurbanipal, 2 vols. Brussels, 2011 J. Tavernier et al. (eds.), Topography and Toponymy in the Ancient Near East: Perspectives and Prospects. Louvain-la-Neuve, 2018 Textes cunéiformes du Louvre. Paris, 1910– Tel Aviv. Tel Aviv, 1974– R. Campbell Thompson, A Dictionary of Assyrian Chemistry and Geology. Oxford, 1936 R.J. Thompson, Terror of the Radiance: Aur Covenant to YHWH Covenant (= Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 258). Fribourg, 2013 R. Campbell Thompson and R.W. Hutchinson, A Century of Exploration at Nineveh. London, 1929 F. Thureau-Dangin, Une relation de la huitième campagne de Sargon (=TCL 3). Paris, 1912 F. Thureau-Dangin and M. Dunand, Til-Barsib, 2 vols (=Bibliothèque archéologique et historique 23). Paris, 1936 S. Timm, Moab zwischen den Mächten: Studien zu historischen Denkmälern und Texten (Ägypten und Altes Testament 17). Wiesbaden, 1989 O. Kaiser (ed.), Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments. Gütersloh, 1982–2001 Ugarit-Forschungen. Internationales Jahrbuch für die Altertumskunde SyrienPalästinas. Münster, 1969– E. Unger, Tiglatpileser III-ün o?H
FHE
>`E4?`
*4E:BA


Sargon II. von Assyrien der Sohn Tiglatpilesers III. (=stanbul F4E`4G4
$_zeleri Neriyat` 9). Istanbul, 1933

Bibliographical Abbreviations UVB 1

xlv

J. Jordan and A. Schott, Erster vorläufiger Bericht über die von der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft in Uruk-Warka unternommenen Ausgrabungen. Berlin, 1930 Vandenabeele and Laffineur, F. Vandenabeele and R. Laffineur (eds.), Cypriote Stone Sculpture: Proceedings of the Cypriote Stone Sculpture Second International Conference of Cypriote Studies, Brussels-Liège, 17-19 May, 1993. Brussels, 1994 Vanden Berghe, Reliefs rupestres L. Vanden Berghe, Reliefs rupestres de l’Irn ancien: Musées royaux d’art et de l’Irn d’histoire, Bruxelles, 26 octobre 1983 – 29 janvier 1984. Brussels, 1983 VAS Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler der Königlichen Museen zu Berlin. Leipzig and Berlin, 1907– Vera Chamaza, Omnipotenz G.W. Vera Chamaza, Die Omnipotenz Aurs: Entwicklungen in der Aur-Theologie unter den Sargoniden Sargon II., Sanherib und Asarhaddon (=AOAT 295). Münster, 2002 Vera Chamaza, Rolle Moabs G.W. Vera Chamaza, Die Rolle Moabs in neuassyrischen Expansionspolitik (=AOAT 321). Münster, 2005 de Vogüé, CIS 2 M. de Vogüé, Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum 2. Paris, 1889 VT Vetus Testamentum. Leiden, 1951– Wachsmuth, Alten Geschichte C. Wachsmuth, Einleitung in das Studium der Alten Geschichte. Leipzig, 1895 Wäfler, AOAT 26 M. Wäfler, Nicht-Assyrer neuassyrischer Darstellungen, 2 vols. (=AOAT 26). Kevelaer and Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1975 Walker, CBI C.B.F. Walker, Cuneiform Brick Inscriptions in the British Museum, the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, the City of Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery, the City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery. London, 1981 Wartke, Urartu R.-B. Wartke, Urartu, das Reich am Ararat. Mainz am Rhein, 1993 Watanabe, Animal Symbolism C.E. Watanabe, Animal Symbolism in Mesopotamia: A Contextual Approach. Vienna, 2002 Weidner, IAK E. Ebeling, B. Meissner, and E.F. Weidner, Die Inschriften der altassyrischen Könige (=Altorientalische Bibliothek 1). Leipzig, 1926 Weidner, Reliefs E.F. Weidner, Die Reliefs der assyrischen Könige, 1: Die Reliefs in England, in der Vatikan-Stadt und in Italien (=AfO Beiheft 4). Berlin, 1939 von Weiher, SpTU 2 E. von Weiher, Spätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk, Teil II (=Ausgrabungen der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft in Uruk-Warka 10). Berlin, 1983 Weippert, Edom M. Weippert, Edom: Studien und Materialien zur Geschichte der Edomiter auf Grund schriftlicher und archäologischer Quellen. Theol. Diss., Tübingen, 1971 Wetzel, Stadtmauern F. Wetzel, Die Stadmauern von Babylon (=WVDOG 48). Leipzig, 1930 Wilson and Brinkman, OI Featured K.L. Wilson and J.A. Brinkman, Oriental Institute Museum, Featured Object Number 8, Object 8 May 1990: Human-Headed Winged Bull from Khorsabad (OIM A7369). [Chicago, 1990] Winckler, AOF H. Winckler, Altorientalische Forschungen, 3 vols. Leipzig, 1893–1905 Winckler, Sammlung H. Winckler, Sammlung von Keilschrifttexten, 3 vols. Leipzig, 1893–95 Winckler, Sar. H. Winckler, Die Keilschrifttexte Sargons nach den Papierabklatschen und Originalen neu herausgegeben, 2 vols. Leipzig, 1889 H. Winckler, Keilinschriftliches Textbuch zum Alten Testament, 3rd edition. Leipzig, Winckler, Textbuch3 1909 Winckler, Untersuchungen H. Winckler, Untersuchungen zur altorientalischen Geschichte. Leipzig, 1889 WO Die Welt des Orients. Wuppertal, Stuttgart, and Göttingen, 1947– Woolley and Barnett, Woolley, L. and R.D. Barnett, Carchemish, Report on the Excavations at Jerablus on Carchemish 3 Behalf of the British Museum, Part III: The Excavations in the Inner Town and the Hittite Inscriptions. London, 1952 Worthington, Textual Criticism M. Worthington, Principles of Akkadian Textual Criticism (=Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Records 1). Berlin and Boston, 2012 WVDOG Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft. Leipzig, Berlin, and Wiesbaden, 1900– WZKM Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes. Vienna, 1887– Yadin, Art of Warfare Y. Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands in the Light of Archaeological Study. New York, 1963 Yamada, SAAS 28 S. Yamada (ed.), Neo-Assyrian Sources in Context: Thematic Studies of Texts, History, and Culture. Helsinki, 2018 Yon, Kition dans les textes E. Yon (ed.), Kition dans les textes: Testimonia littéraires et épigraphiques et corpus des inscriptions (=Kition-Bamboula 5). Paris, 2004 YOS Yale Oriental Studies, Babylonian Texts. New Haven, 1915–

xlvi Younger, Conquest ZA ZÄS ZDMG ZDMG Suppl. ZDPV Zimansky, Ancient Ararat Zimansky, Ecology and Empire Zion ZOrA

Bibliographical Abbreviations K. Lawson Younger, Jr., Ancient Conquest Accounts: A Study in Ancient Near Eastern and Biblical History Writing (=Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 98). Sheffield, 1990 Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie. Berlin, 1886– Zeitschrift für gyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde. Leipzig and Berlin, 1863– Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. Leipzig and Wiesbaden, 1847Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Supplement. Wiesbaden, 1969– Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. Leipzig and Wiesbaden, 1878P.E. Zimansky, Ancient Ararat: A Handbook of Urartian Studies. Delman, NY, 1998 P.E. Zimansky, Ecology and Empire: The Structure of the Urartian State (=Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 41). Chicago, 1985 Zion. Jerusalem, 1949Zeitschrift für Orient-Archäologie. Berlin, 2008–

Other Abbreviations

Akk. Asb. Asn. Ass bibl. Bt c ca. cf. cm col(s). dia. DN ed(s). Esar. esp. et al. ex(s). fig(s). fol(s). frgm(s). gen. GN IdF Je K m MA MdN MS n n(n). NA no(s). NS obv. p p(p). ph(s). pl(s). PN rev. RN Senn. SH Sq Sum. T-D

Akkadian Ashurbanipal Ashurnasirpal Aur Biblical P.E. Botta collated circa confer (lit. “compare”) centimeter(s) column(s) diameter divine name editor(s) Esarhaddon especially et alii (lit. “and others”) exemplar(s) figure(s) folio(s) fragment(s) gentilic geographical name Institut de France Ch.-F. Jean Konstantinopel meter(s) Middle Assyrian P.E. Botta, Monument de Ninive manuscript not collated note(s) Neo-Assyrian number(s) Nova Series/New Series obverse collated from photo page(s) photo(s) plate(s) personal name reverse royal name Sennacherib House of Sennacherib’s son (Nineveh) squeeze Sumerian F. Thureau-Dangin

xlviii

Other Abbreviations
var(s). vol(s). Wi

+ (+)

variant(s) volume(s) H. Winckler

Between object numbers indicates physical join Indicates fragments from same object but no physical join





Object Signatures

When the same signature is used for more than one group, the first group in this list is meant unless otherwise indicated. For example, “A” always means the Asiatic collection of the Oriental Institute unless stated otherwise. A AM AnAr AO Ash Ass BCM BE BLMJ BM D D DT Erm E FMB IAA IM K KH LB M MAH MMA MS N Nap. III ND P PT Rm ROM Sm T UM VA VA Ass VAT W YBC

1) Asiatic collection of the Oriental Institute, Chicago 2) A ur collection of the Arkeoloji Müzeleri, Istanbul Prefix for excavation numbers at Tell Amarna, Syria Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi, Ankara Collection of Antiquités Orientales of the Musée du Louvre, Paris Ashmolean Museum, Oxford Prefix for excavation numbers from the German excavations at A ur The City of Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery Prefix for excavation numbers from the German excavations at Babylon Bible Lands Museum, Jerusalem British Museum, London Prefix for excavation/registration number from the American excavations at Samaria Prefix for excavations numbers from the Oriental Institute (Chicago) excavations at D rarrukn (Khorsabad) Daily Telegraph collection of the British Museum, London Hermitage, St. Petersburg Eki ark Eserleri Müzesi of the Arkeoloji Müzeleri, Istanbul Bodmer Museum, Cologny Israel Antiquities Authority, Jerusalem Iraq Museum, Baghdad Kuyunjik collection of the British Museum, London Prefix for excavation numbers from the Italian excavations at Carchemish F.M.Th. de Liagre Böhl Collection, Leiden National Museum, Aleppo Musée d’Art et d’Histoire, Geneva Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Martin Schøyen collection, Oslo 1) collection number of the Louvre, Paris 2) Layard collection of the British Museum, London Napoleon III; collection number of the Louvre, Paris Prefix for excavation numbers from the British excavations at Nimrud Museo delle Antichità Egizie, Turin Prefix for excavation numbers for objects found on the Persepolis terrace by the Oriental Institute expedition H. Rassam collection of the British Museum, London Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto G. Smith collection of the British Museum, London Prefix for excavation number from the American excavations at Tell Tayinat University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin A ur collection of the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin 1) Tablets in the collection of the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin 2) Prefix for objects in the Musei Vaticani, Museo Gregoriano Egizio, Rome Prefix for excavations numbers from the German excavations at Uruk/Warka Babylonian Collection of the Yale University Library, New Haven










Introduction

According to a Babylonian Chronicle, Shalmaneser V died in the month of &ebtu (X) during the fifth year of his reign (722) and Sargon II ascended the throne on the twelfth day of that month. Sargon was a son of Tiglath-pileser III and thus a brother of Shalmaneser. It was likely not a peaceful transition of power since Sargon soon thereafter had over six thousand Assyrians deported to Hamath, possibly because they had not supported him. Sargon was to reign over Assyria for seventeen years, being killed while on campaign in 705 and being succeeded by his son Sennacherib, who took the throne on the twelfth day of Abu (V) in that year. The Assyrians lost control over Babylonia almost immediately upon Sargon’s accession, with the Chaldean Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan) taking the throne of Babylon in the first month of 721. Only in 710 was Sargon able to drive the latter out of Babylon and, in 709, capture his tribal stronghold of Dr-Yakn in the marshland at the head of the Persian Gulf. Babylonian King List A and the Ptolemaic Canon thus credit Sargon with a reign of five years (709–705) over Babylonia, with his first full year of reign in Babylon (709) being his thirteenth year on the throne of Assyria. Sources for Reign A large number and a wide variety of sources are attested for the reign of Sargon II. His inscriptions provide substantial information on both his military actions and building activities.1 Two chronographic texts — the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle and a Babylonian Chronicle — as well as statements within some of the royal inscriptions as to the regnal year (palû) in which various events took place, provide the basic chronology of the period. Moreover, numerous letters and at least one astrological report date to his reign, some found at Nineveh (Parpola, SAA 1; Lanfranchi and Parpola, SAA 5; Hunger, SAA 8 no. 501; Fuchs and Parpola, SAA 15; and Dietrich, SAA 17) and others at Kal#u (Luukko, SAA 19). While most were written to Sargon, including some from his son Sennacherib (Parpola, SAA 1 nos. 29–40; and Lanfranchi and Parpola, SAA 5 no. 281), a number were sent by Sargon himself. In addition, various legal and administrative documents (see Kwasman and Parpola, SAA 6; Fales and Postgate, SAA 7; and Fales and Postgate, SAA 11), and one renewal of a grant of land to provide offerings for the god Aur (Kataja and Whiting, SAA 12 no. 19) are attested.2 A few literary works refer to Sargon: two hymns — one to the goddess Nanya and one to the goddess Ningal — that invoke blessings upon Sargon (Livingstone, SAA 3 no. 4; and Saggs, Studies Cagni pp. 905–912), a very fragmentary epic (Livingstone, SAA 3 no. 18), and the famous “Sin of Sargon” text, which most probably dates to the time of his grandson Esarhaddon (Livingstone, SAA 3 no. 33). A large number of stone wall slabs with reliefs depicting military and ceremonial actions were found in Sargon’s palace at Khorsabad (ancient Dr-arrukn), as were a large number of bull-headed winged colossi with inscriptions on them. He is, however, mentioned only once in the Bible; Isaiah 20:1 states: “In the year that the field marshal, who was sent by Sargon, the king of Assyria, came to Ashdod, attacked Ashdod and took it.” This likely refers to the capture of that city in Sargon’s eleventh regnal year (711). He is almost totally absent from classical sources, although he does appear in the Ptolemaic Canon as Arkeanos (for which see below).

























































1

For studies of the style and structure of Sargon’s royal inscriptions, see Renger, CRRA 32 pp. 109–128 and Studies Moran pp. 425–437. Kataja and Whiting, SAA 12 no. 77 refers to decrees about offerings from several different reigns, including Shalmaneser IV, Adad-nrr III, Tiglath-pileser III, and Sargon II. For a list of the few economic texts dated by the regnal years of Sargon II from Babylonia, see Brinkman and Kennedy, JCS 35 (1983) p. 13, to which add W 24405 (Kessler, Bagh. Mitt. 23 [1992] pp. 465–467). The astrological report mentioned above (Hunger, SAA 8 no. 501) was likely sent from Babylonia since it was dated in the first year of “Sargon, king of Babylon.” 2

1

2

Introduction

Texts Excluded from RINAP 2 As is the case in the other RINAP volumes, numerous inscriptions that refer to the respective Assyrian king fall outside the scope of the present volume. In the case of Sargon II, such texts include letters to or from Sargon, legal and administrative texts dated to his reign, the one land grant issued in his name, and the various literary texts that mention him. Several royal inscriptions that have sometimes been attributed to Sargon have been treated elsewhere in the RINAP series or are omitted here for other reasons. (1) A fragmentary inscription on a statue (IM 60497B, ND 5571) found in the Ninurta Temple at Nimrud (ancient Kal#u) has sometimes been assigned to Shalmaneser III, Tiglath-pileser III, or Sargon II. The text has been treated in Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 as Tiglath-pileser no. 36. (2) An inscription on a stone fragment in the Vatican Museum (VAT/15023) was once thought to come from Khorsabad and to belong to Sargon II (see Bezold, Literatur p. 94 §56.14.m), but it is now known to belong to Sennacherib. For this text, see Sennacherib no. 44 ex. 1 in Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2. (3) A poorly preserved inscription found on two fragments of a clay tablet (K 6205+82-3-23,131) describes an Assyrian king’s campaign against Hezekiah of Judah and an attack on the latter’s city of Azekah. This inscription, which is often called the Azekah Inscription, was assigned to Tiglath-pileser III by L. Jakob-Rost, but has more recently been assigned by scholars to either the time of Sargon II or Sennacherib. This text is arbitrarily assigned to Sennacherib in the RINAP series and is given as Sennacherib no. 1015 in Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2. (4) A fragment of a Neo-Assyrian stele was found at Ben Shemen in Israel and now bears the registration number 71.74.221 in the Israel Museum. H. Tadmor dated the text to the reign of Sargon II (in Aviram, Eretz Shomron [1973] p. 72 [in Hebrew]), and W. Horowitz and T. Oshima agreed with this (Canaan pp. 19 and 45), but M. Cogan suggests it may come from the reign of Esarhaddon (Studies Ephal pp. 66–69; Cogan, Raging Torrent p. 233 no. 4). The text is included in Leichty, RINAP 4 as Esarhaddon no. 1007. (5) A rock relief located in the upper Tigris valley at Eil, about 50 km from Diyarbakir in Turkey, has sometimes been ascribed to Shalmaneser III or Sargon II. The relief may depict a deity and the inscription is no longer legible. See Börker-Klähn, Bildstelen no. 154; Russell, RLA 9/3–4 (1999) p. 256. (6) A weathered Neo-Assyrian relief that is located on Uzunolantepe, about 2 km north of the village of ;H>7JBd
?D
J>;
L?B7O;J
E;HD
.KHA;O, has been assigned variously to Shalmaneser III and Sargon II (see Tayürek, AnSt 25 [1975] pp. 169–172; Börker-Klähn, Bildstelen no. 235; Reade, IrAnt 12 [1977] p. 44); however, the relief bears no inscription. (7) A stele with an inscription of the mother of Sennacherib, and thus a wife of Sargon, has been presented as Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 no. 2001, just as the inscriptions of Naq’a (Zaktu) were presented with those of her son Esarhaddon (Leichty, RINAP 4 nos. 2003–2009). (8) For the clay sealing Sm 2276 mentioning Sargon II and dating to the eponymy of Taklk-ana-Bl (715) that H. Winckler included in his work on the royal inscriptions of this king (Sar. 1 p. 196 and 2 pl. 49 no. 12) and D.D. Luckenbill in his translations of Sargon’s inscriptions (ARAB 2 p. 114 §229), see Johns, ADD no. 766 and Fales and Postgate, SAA 11 no. 49 (with a photo of the sealing on p. 40). The royal stamp seal depicts the Assyrian king slaying a lion (see Figure 1). For another sealing possibly to be ascribed to Sargon II, see text no. 1002.

Figure 1. Sealing impressed with the royal seal of Sargon II (Sm 2276). © The Trustees of the British Museum.

Introduction




3

Inscriptions of various independent and semi-independent rulers interacting with Assyria at the time are also not included. In addition to some Urartian royal inscriptions, we might note in particular the Akkadian inscription on the cylinder seal of Urzana, the king of Mu%a%ir whom Sargon forced to flee when the Assyrians attacked that city during Sargon’s eighth campaign in 714 (see for example Thureau-Dangin, TCL 3 p. xii and Collon, First Impressions pp. 86–87 no. 405), and the Aramaic inscription on a stone stele found at Tepe Qalaichi, near Bukn in northwestern Iran, which may have been erected in the Mannean capital Izirtu during the reign of Sargon (see for example Lemaire, Studia Iranica 27 [1998] pp. 15–30 and Lipiski, Studies 4 pp. 19– 27). Survey of Inscribed Objects One hundred and thirty inscriptions are assigned to Sargon II in this book, although a handful of these might be open to question. A further ten inscriptions are tentatively — and at times arbitrarily — assigned to him (text nos. 1001–1010). In addition, one inscription of his wife Ataliya (text no. 2001), two of his brother Sîn-a#uu%ur (text nos. 2002–2003), and eight of various individuals who held office either certainly or likely during his reign (text nos. 2004–2011) are included in the volume. These inscriptions are found on a variety of objects: Object Type Stone wall slabs Stone paving slabs Stone colossi Stone altars Stone tablet Stone vessels Stone steles Stone axe head Stone coffer Stone fragments (uncertain) Clay prisms Clay cylinders Clay tablets Clay cones Clay plaques Clay bowls Bricks Glazed bricks Metal tablets Metal door jamb covers Gold bowl Electrum mirror Bronze lion weights Bronze macehead Seals (including impressions and sealings) Beads and eyestones Glass vessel Rock crystal jar Ivory writing board Rock face

Text No. 1–8, 23–42, 73, 81 10–22, 95, 2002 9, 41, 107?, 1008 49 47 77 exs. 2–7 103–106, 108, 115, 117, 1009–1010, 2010– 2011 2008 2005 93–94, 1007 63, 74–75, 82–83 43, 64, 76, 84–88, 109, 111–114, 125, 129, 1006, 2009 48, 65, 72, 89–91, 101–102, 1001 67, 92, 1003–1004 66, 1005? 59–60 50–56, 68–70, 95–98, 110, 123–124, 126– 128, 1005? 57–58, 71 44–46 99 2001 ex. 1 2001 ex. 3 78–79 62, 2003 1002, 2004, 2006–2007 61, 100, 118–122, 130 77 ex. 1 2001 ex. 2 80 116

4

Introduction

Stone Wall Slabs Inscriptions of Sargon II are found incised on the fronts of large sculpted wall slabs (or orthostats) that lined some of the most important rooms, corridors, and doorways in the palace at Dr-arrukn (modern Khorsabad), with each text incised in a band running across the middle of the front of the slab and with relief scenes depicted both above and below the band of inscription.3 This arrangement follows in the tradition of the inscribed wall slabs of Ashurnasirpal II (883–859) and Sargon’s own father Tiglath-pileser III (744–727), although some of the wall slabs of those rulers depicted just one scene (normally a human or semi-divine individual) with the inscription running across and over the middle of the scene. The wall slabs of Ashurnasirpal II bore a single display (or summary) inscription, which is represented by hundreds of copies,4 while those of Tiglath-pileser III bore annalistic texts that stretched over a series of slabs.5 The wall slabs from Sargon’s palace bear both annalistic and display inscriptions.6 In brief, the former present the king’s military campaigns in chronological order, while the latter commonly present any military actions mentioned in some geographical order.7 The wall slabs in five or six rooms are known to have had versions of his annals and at least six rooms had display inscriptions: Annals Rooms II, V, XIII, XIV, throne room (=Court VII), and an unknown room (text nos. 1–6 respectively) Display Rooms I, IV, VII, VIII, and X (text no. 7); Room XIV (text no. 8) It is worthy of note that Room XIV had both an annals inscription and a display inscription (text nos. 4 and 8) on its walls. Sometimes part of the inscription going around a room was found on slabs in one or more of the doorways leading into the room.8 These slabs were found for the most part by the work of P.E. Botta and V. Place at Khorsabad in the 1840s and 1850s, although a few were also found by the work of the Oriental Institute in 1929–1935. Regrettably, most of the items discovered by Botta and Place, and in particular the wall slabs with reliefs and copies of Sargon’s annals and display inscriptions, as well as various other inscriptions and records, were either reburied at the site or lost in 1855 while being sent to Paris when the boat and rafts carrying them were attacked by local tribesmen and sank in the Tigris near Qurna. Vivid descriptions of the disaster are presented by M.T. Larsen in his Conquest of Assyria (pp. 344–349) and see also J.E. Reade’s article on “Assyrian Antiquities Lost in Translation” (JCS 70 [2018] pp. 167–188). Since there were at least five exemplars of the display inscription, two or more of each of the five main paving slab inscriptions, and numerous exemplars of the bull inscription (see below), we can compare Botta’s copy of one exemplar against that of another exemplar when one copy seems unreliable, and the basic text of these inscriptions is almost always certain, although the particular reading of parts of any one exemplar and its variants may be open to question. The fact that we are dependent for the most part upon Botta’s copies for the various versions of the annals (except for text no. 5 which was found by the later American excavations) and for the Display Inscription from Room XIV is unfortunate, even when paper mache (papier mâché) impressions (squeezes) of the inscriptions made by Botta still exist (see below). For example, as far as I am aware, not one single original sign of the annals from Room II (text no. 1) — an inscription that was likely over five hundred lines long — is known to be preserved today, although some parts of the text may remain in situ at Khorsabad. Some of the relief scenes found above and below the inscribed panels had short epigraphs (or captions) on them in order to identify the place depicted or to briefly describe the scene (text nos. 23–40), as was done on decorated relief slabs from the palaces of Tiglath-pileser III at Kal#u and Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal at Nineveh.9 Many of Sargon’s wall slabs, as well as some of the stone colossi, also had a short inscription on the

























































3

For the inscribed wall slabs of Sargon, see in particular J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall pp. 111–115. The so-called “Standard Inscription” of Ashurnasirpal II; see Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 268–276 A.0.101.23. 5 See Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 pp. 4–8 for the inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III on wall slabs. 6 E. Frahm (Sanherib pp. 42–43 and ISIMU 6 [2003] pp. 145–149 and 157–160, especially p. 159 n. 63) has suggested that Nabû-zuqup-knu, a royal scribe well attested in the reign of Sennacherib, might have been responsible for composing some of the royal inscriptions in the later years of Sargon’s reign, especially his Khorsabad Display Inscription (text no. 7). 7 With regard to these two types of inscriptions, see in particular Grayson, Orientalia NS 49 (1980) pp. 150–155. 8 Text no. 1 sections 21–22 and any sections after section 37; text no. 2 sections 20–21; text no. 7 ex. 3 sections 7–8; and text no. 8 sections 5– 6. 9 Epigraphs are found on wall slabs in Room II (with the associated Door H1; text nos. 23–28), Room V (text nos. 29–32), Room VIII (text nos. 33–35), Room XIII (text no. 36), Room XIV (text nos. 37–39), and an unknown room (text no. 40). For the epigraphs of Sargon in general, see in particular J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall pp. 115–122. For the epigraphs on the wall slabs of Tiglath-pileser III, see Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 pp. 143–146 Tiglath-pileser III nos. 55–57. For the epigraphs on the wall slabs of Sennacherib, see Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 pp. 100–121 nos. 53–77 and for those of Ashurbanipal, see Novotny and Jeffers, RINAP 5/1 pp. 311–349 nos. 24–58. 4




Introduction

5

back, an inscription that was frequently written in a sloppy manner, with numerous errors (text no. 41; see also text no. 42). Sometimes the inscription on the back of a slab is written upside down, suggesting that it was incised off-site, before the slab was put in place in the palace and the front of the slab carved.10 Inscribed wall slabs have been found at two other sites in addition to Khorsabad. One discovered at Nebi Yunus (within ancient Nineveh) bears an annalistic inscription of Sargon II and the sculpted image of an Assyrian eunuch (text no. 81). Unlike the decorated wall slabs from Khorsabad where the inscription is in a central panel with relief scenes both above and below that panel, the image of the eunuch on this slab protrudes into the inscription, separating the beginning of the lines from their ends. Moreover, a ridge indicating the top of the slab appears to be immediately above the inscription and the head of the eunuch. As noted by E. Frahm, rather than having been erected at Nineveh in the time of Sargon, it is conceivable that this slab was brought to Nineveh from another site by one of Sargon’s successors to the throne or in modern times.11 In addition, two unsculpted stone slabs with text no. 73 were mounted on the wall of the palace at Kal#u; however, these were relatively small slabs and were situated above larger slabs with the standard inscription of Ashurnasirpal II. Stone Paving Slabs Approximately thirty stone paving slabs incised with inscriptions have been found in the entryways of doors in the palace complex at Dr-arrukn. Those discovered within the main palace area bear one of five or six display inscriptions ranging from 23 to 150 lines in length (text nos. 10–14 and possibly 15). None of those found by Botta and copied by him (Monument de Ninive 3 pls. 1–21) are available for collation today, being either lost in the Tigris disaster in 1855 or left at the site.12 Botta did make a squeeze of the inscription on one of these paving slabs and that squeeze is still extant today in the Louvre (text no. 11 ex. 2; Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 5c). Six inscribed paving slabs were found in what was originally thought to be the palace harem, but which was in fact the palace religious quarter, with the shrines of six deities (Ninurta, Niniku, Sîn, Adad, Ningal, and ama). Place discovered two of these slabs (text nos. 16–17), but luckily, he did not attempt to send them to Paris and instead reburied them at the site. They were found in situ during the later work of the Oriental Institute, which also unearthed the other four slabs. Each paving slab has a 7–9 line inscription calling upon one of the deities to bless Sargon (text nos. 16–21).13 In addition to the palace complex, two other buildings within the citadel area had inscribed paving slabs: the temple of the god Nabû and the residence of Sargon’s brother Sîn-a#u-u%ur. Nine exemplars of a fourteenline inscription (text no. 22) were found within the temple of Nabû during excavations by the Oriental Institute and either one of these or a tenth exemplar was discovered during more recent work by Iraqi archaeologists.14 The inscription on these slabs calls upon the god Nabû to bless the king. Three exemplars of a seven-line text identifying Sîn-a#u-u%ur as the builder of the house (text no. 2002) were found on stone slabs in doorways of Palace L (or Residence L), a building that was only exceeded in size within the citadel area by the palace complex itself. At least three stone slabs were found by R. Campbell Thompson in the temple of Nabû at Nineveh that had an inscription identical to one found on bricks from Nineveh (text no. 95 exs. 4–6). The text identifies Sargon as the builder of the temple of the gods Nabû and Marduk. Stone Colossi A large number of stone bull colossi were discovered in the palace and city gates at Dr-arrukn that bore the same inscription (text no. 9), a text with a summary of Sargon’s military achievements and a lengthy description of the construction of the city, and in particular its palace and city wall. It normally required two bull colossi to bear one copy of the text (i.e., a pair of colossi flanking one doorway), but at least two bulls appear to have each borne the whole inscription. Many of these were lost in the Tigris disaster in 1855, but fortunately Botta had made squeezes of the inscription on most of the bulls that he had found and copied. In view of the large number of exemplars of the text, the existence of these squeezes, and the fact that some of



























































10 For the inscriptions on the backs of the slabs, see the article by B. André-Salvini in Caubet, Khorsabad pp. 15–45 and J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall pp. 101–103. 11 AoF 40 [2013] pp. 52–53. 12 A paving slab with one of these inscriptions (text no. 10 ex. 4) was also found during the Oriental Institute excavations of Palace F, Drarrukn’s military base (ekal m arti). 13 For the inscribed paving slabs of Sargon, see in particular J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall pp. 108–111. 14 Some of the exemplars were threshold slabs while others were on top of platforms flanking stairs or on the treads of stairs.

6

Introduction

the stone colossi still exist today (in whole or in part), the basic text of the inscription is clear. Some of these colossi also have on the back of them the same display inscription that is found on the backs of numerous wall slabs (text no. 41).15 F. Thureau-Dangin identified a stone fragment with an inscription of Sargon found at Tell Ahmar (ancient Til-Barsip) as being from a bull colossus (text no. 107). In addition, Layard states that he found a pair of stone lions in the palace of Sennacherib at Nineveh that had a “nearly illegible” inscription (text no. 1008). The information on his discovery and the text on the objects are unclear and it is not impossible that the lions (or possibly bulls) actually came from Khorsabad. Stone Steles Sargon left a large number of stone steles recording his military achievements at various points throughout his realm and beyond, from Najafabad (near Isfahan) in the east to Cyprus in the west. The two best preserved were found in Cyprus (text no. 103) and in western Iran (text no. 117), and each has an image of the king on its front, in addition to an inscription. However, most of the steles exist today in only a fragmentary condition (text nos. 104–106, 108, and 115), possibly because local inhabitants intentionally destroyed them in ancient times when the Assyrians lost control of the areas in which they had been erected. The steles were set up at different points throughout his reign. The Acharneh Stele (text no. 106) and the Tell Tayinat Stele (text no. 108) may have been set up following Sargon’s victory over Hamath in 720; the text of the former stele actually refers to the erection of at least three steles in the west. The Najafabad Stele (text no. 117) commemorates Sargon’s campaign into the Zagros in his sixth regnal year and thus was likely set up in that year (716); unusually, the inscription on the stele was poorly written, perhaps the work of a less experienced scribe/carver.16 Sargon may have had the stele from Ashdod (text no. 104) made following the capture of that city in 711. Since the so-called Beirut Stele (also known as the Borowski Stele and Hamath Stele; text no. 105) mentions the submission of kings from Cyprus, it must have been written after that occurred, likely in or around 708. The Cyprus Stele (text no. 103) refers to Sargon’s third year as king of Babylon and thus must date to 707 at the earliest.17 Too little is preserved of the stele fragment found at Qal’eh-i Imam, near Lake Zeribor in Iranian Kurdistan (text no. 115), to allow us to be certain about its date of composition, although it has been suggested that it was composed in 716.18 Small fragments of what may have been steles of Sargon were found at Samaria (text no. 1009) and Carchemish (text no. 1010). If they can be attributed to Sargon, the one from Samaria might have been erected after his involvement with that city in his accession year (722) or in his second regnal year (720), and the one from Carchemish might have been set up in his fifth regnal year (717), following the defeat of its ruler Pisris. Two steles of non-royal individuals are also included in this volume. The first has a relief depicting the goddess Itar of Arbela and was erected at Kr-Shalmaneser, also known as Til-Barsip (modern Tell Ahmar), by the governor of that city Aur-dr-pniya (text no. 2010). The second, found at Turlu-Höyük, bears an image of the storm god and was set up by one Bl-iddin, who is given no title (text no. 2011). An Aur-dr-pniya is attested in several letters from the reign of Sargon and this stele is possibly to be attributed to that individual. The exact date of the latter text remains unknown, although the scholars who initially published the piece suggest that it may come from the time of Sargon II. Clay Prisms Prior to the time of Sargon II, Assyrian royal inscriptions on clay prisms are only known with certainty from the reign of Tiglath-pileser I (1114–1076).19 Five inscriptions from the reign of Sargon are found on prisms, although all of these are poorly preserved. All those prisms whose original shapes are clear or can be determined with some degree of certainty have eight columns. One inscription comes from Aur (text no. 63), two from Kal#u (text nos. 74–75), and two from Nineveh (text nos. 82–83), although there is some question as to whether or not one of the pieces said to come from Nineveh (text no. 83) was actually found at that site. It is possible that these five prisms represent only two distinct inscriptions, at least with regard to the text before

























































15

For the inscription of Sargon on stone colossi, see in particular J.M. Russell, Writing on the Wall pp. 103–108. The edition of the Najafabad Stele presented here is the result of collaboration between the author and A. Fuchs. 17 For an overview of Sargon’s various steles, see Frame, Subartu 18 pp. 49–68. 18 Radner and Masoumian, ZA 120 (2020) p. 91. 19 Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 7–31 A.0.87.1, pp. 38–45 A.0.87.4 ex. 7, and p. 60 A.0.87.14. Note also Grayson, RIMA 1 p. 182 commentary to A.0.77.1 with regard to Ass 875, which may be a prismatic cylinder of Shalmaneser I (1273–1244), although E. Weidner called it a prism. For a possible prism inscription of Ashurnasirpal II (883–859) from Tell Billah, see Grayson, RIMA 2 p. 191. 16




Introduction

7

the building section, one inscription being text nos. 63 and 82, and the other being text nos. 74–75 and 83. The inscription on text nos. 63 and 82 is annalistic in form, dating the campaigns according to the king’s regnal years (palû), although when preserved, these are always one or two years lower than those given in the annals found on wall slabs in the palace at Khorsabad (see below). Text no. 74 and apparently text no. 83 bear display inscriptions, while text no. 75 is so fragmentary that it is impossible to state what type of inscription it has. The building section of text no. 82 appears to commemorate the construction of a ziggurrat, possibly the one of Adad at Nineveh, and those of text nos. 74–75 the construction of the new city Dr-arrukn; the building reports are not preserved on the other pieces. Text no. 82 was composed no earlier than the king’s eleventh regnal year (711) and text no. 74 no earlier than his sixteenth regnal year (706). The other inscriptions are much less well preserved, but since text no. 74 describes work on the palace at Khorsabad it also likely dates to around the completion of that city in 706. The latest event mentioned in text no. 63 took place in 713, but if this text were a duplicate of text no. 82, it would also have been written no earlier than 711. Text no. 83 mentions Sargon’s campaign to Babylonia and the presentation of offerings to the gods of Babylonia, and thus must date to Sargon’s twelfth regnal year (710) at the earliest. Clay Cylinders The inscription of Assyrian royal texts on clay cylinders really begins in the time of Sargon II, although one small exemplar of an Assyrian vassal from the time of Aur-ra-ii II (971–967) is attested.20 A number of texts on cylinders of stone or semi-precious materials are known from earlier periods, although these are normally quite small in size.21 Several of Sargon’s royal inscriptions are found on barrel-shaped cylinders (text nos. 64, 84, 86–87, 111–114, 125, and 2009) and on prismatic (i.e., multi-faceted) cylinders (text nos. 43, 76, 85, 88, 109, 129, and 1006).22 Some of the latter-type are also larger in the center than they are at the ends (in particular text no. 43), while others are mostly the same size from one end to the other (e.g., text no. 76). Clay cylinders with inscriptions from the time of Sargon have been found at a number of sites: Dr-arrukn (almost all exemplars of text no. 43), Aur (text no. 64), Kal#u (text nos. 76 ex. 2 and 1006), Nineveh (text nos. 43 ex. 5, 84– 88, and possibly 76 ex. 1), Carchemish (text no. 109), Melid (text nos. 111–114), Tell "addad (text no. 129), Tell Baradn (text no. 76 ex. 5 and text no. 2009), and possibly Chenchi (text no. 43 ex. 55) and Uruk (text no. 125). Over fifty exemplars of the Khorsabad Cylinder inscription (text no. 43) have been found at Dr-arrukn, for the most part from within the palace area. Unusually, there are two versions of this inscription, an earlier version that has 67 lines of text, ten fewer than the later (and less common) version that has an additional passage in the middle of the inscription. Apart from text nos. 43 and 125, all the cylinder inscriptions are only partially preserved and it is possible that some actually come from duplicate inscriptions (text nos. 84 and 85, and text nos. 86 and 87) or even from the same cylinder (text nos. 111 and 112). Like typical Babylonian royal inscriptions, the two cylinder inscriptions from Babylonia — text no. 125 from Uruk and text no. 2009 from Tell Baradn (written in the name of Nabû-blu-ka’’in, the governor of the city Arrap#a) — do not commemorate or mention military actions, but instead concentrate on religious and building matters. Otherwise, all the cylinder inscriptions mention in some manner the king’s military achievements, except perhaps text no. 1006. Clay Tablets Clay tablets and tablet fragments with inscriptions of Sargon have been found at a number of sites: Aur (text nos. 65 and 72), Nineveh (text nos. 89–91 and 101–102), and probably Dr-arrukn (text no. 48; see also text no. 1001). Most of these are only fragments, but two important texts are relatively well preserved: Sargon’s lengthy letter to the god Aur (text no. 65) reporting on his campaign into Mannea, Urar'u, and Mu%a%ir in his eighth regnal year (714), and the so-called Aur Charter (text no. 89), recording his accession to the throne and granting of privileges to the city Aur, as well military actions in his second regnal year (720). The other tablet fragments describe military (text nos. 72, 101–102, and likely 91), building (text no. 48), or dedicatory (text no. 90) actions.

























































20

See Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 126–128 A.0.96.2001 (inscription of Bl-ri, an Assyrian vassal at adikanni). See for example Grayson, RIMA 1 pp. 51–55 A.0.39.2 (noting Reade, NABU 2000 pp. 86–87 no. 75) and p. 122 A.0.75.2; Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 194–196 A.0.103.5–7. 22 Prismatic cylinders are sometimes referred to as prisms or multi-faceted cylinders since they have several distinct faces like a prism; however, the inscription on these objects runs from one end of the object to the other, while the inscriptions on prisms run from one side of the face (or column) to the other. Thus, each face of a prismatic cylinder has only a few lines while one on a prism has many more lines, but lines that tend to be much shorter in length than those on the prismatic cylinders. 21

8

Introduction

Bricks Bricks with inscriptions of Sargon have been found at a number of places in addition to the major centers of Dr-arrukn, Aur, Kal#u, and Nineveh, including especially Carchemish, Babylon, and Uruk. The inscriptions may be inscribed or stamped; sometimes an inscription is found in both manners (text no. 50). At times, the text may be inscribed within an area that has been impressed, thus providing a border for the inscription, and in some scholarly literature such texts are described as stamped, rather than — more accurately — inscribed. While most of the inscriptions of Sargon are written in the Akkadian language, two of the brick inscriptions from Assyria are in Sumerian, one commemorating the construction of Dr-arrukn (text no. 53) and one work at Aur (text no. 70). The latter inscription is also known from an Akkadian version (text no. 69). Three brick inscriptions from Babylonia are in Sumerian, one recording work at Babylon (text no. 124) and two work at Uruk (text nos. 127–128). Bricks with the same three-line inscription stating that they came from Sargon’s palace have been found at Dr-arrukn, Kal#u, Nineveh, Karamles, Tag, and possibly Djigan (text no. 50). Since Sargon would have had more than one palace, this may not seem odd, but numerous bricks with inscriptions commemorating the building of Dr-arrukn and/or structures located there (e.g., the temple of Sîn and ama) have also been discovered outside of Dr-arrukn, in particular at Kal#u and Nineveh (text nos. 51 and 53–55). These bricks may have been taken to those places during the reign of Sargon or possibly after his death, when Dr-arrukn was basically abandoned and perhaps partially demolished. Texts record the construction of the new capital Dr-arrukn (text nos. 51–54), its palace (text nos. 52–53, and see text nos. 50 and 56), and the temple of Sîn and ama (text nos. 54–55). Numerous bricks from Aur record the building of a structure for the god Aur (text no. 68) and the paving of a processional way in the temple of that god (text nos. 69–70). Brick inscriptions commemorate work on the temple of the god Nabû (or the gods Nabû and Marduk) at Nineveh (text nos. 95–96 and possibly 97). The brick inscription from Carchemish is very short, merely indicating that the brick came from the palace of Sargon (text no. 110), while some of the brick inscriptions from Babylonia can be quite lengthy. Two brick inscriptions record construction at Babylon, one twenty-five lines long describing work on the quay wall and city walls and one eighteen lines long describing work on the city walls (text nos. 123 and 124 respectively). The three brick inscriptions from Uruk all refer to work on the Eanna temple (text nos. 126–128). Unusually, one of these latter inscriptions (text no. 126) is written in three columns of four lines each. Glazed Bricks Glazed bricks from friezes with cuneiform inscriptions of Sargon have been found at both Dr-arrukn and Aur (text nos. 57 and 71 respectively), although all the friezes are in a poor state of preservation. Those from Dr-arrukn whose provenance is known come from the palace complex or Palace F, while those from Aur were found in the temple of the god Aur. Glazed brick panels are already mentioned in the texts of Tiglathpileser I (1114–1076) and Ashurnasirpal II (883–859),23 and individual glazed bricks with all or parts of inscriptions are attested from the reigns of Tukult-Ninurta II (890–884), Shalmaneser II (858–824), and (possibly) Tiglath-pileser III.24 In addition, ten glazed brick friezes from the palace at Khorsabad bear what is generally thought to be an inscription written in Assyrian ‘hieroglyphs’ or ‘astroglyphs’ (text no. 58). At times, that inscription is found in a shorter or abbreviated form (exs. 7–10). Such ‘hieroglyphic’ inscriptions are also attested in the time of Sargon’s grandson Esarhaddon (680–669).25 Metal Tablets Three of Sargon’s inscriptions are inscribed on metal tablets, one of bronze (text no. 44), one of silver (text no. 45), and one of gold (text no. 46). A fourth metal tablet was apparently found, but was lost in the Tigris disaster in 1855, and no real information is known about it. These four had been placed in a stone box located within one of the walls of the royal palace at Dr-arrukn and the three preserved today all record the construction of that city.26 Assyrian royal inscriptions on gold tablets are already attested from the time of

























































23

Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 54–55 A.0.78.10 lines 66–67; Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 289–290 A.0.101.30 lines 30–32. Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 184–185 A.0.100.15 (brick or tile); Grayson, RIMA 3 p. 157 A.0.102.100 exs. 1, 6, and 11, p. 168 A.0.102.112, and p. 169 A.0.102.114; Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 p. 159 no. 1007. See also Grayson, RIMA 3 p. 250 A.0.0.1094–1096. 25 Leichty, RINAP 4 pp. 238–243 no. 115. 26 A stone tablet with an inscription also commemorating the construction of Dr-arrukn was found with these metal tablets (text no. 47). See Brinkman in Curtis, Bronzeworking Centres pp. 144–150 and 158–159. 24




Introduction

9

Shalmaneser I (1273–1244), Tukult-Ninurta I (1243–1207), Ashurnasirpal II (883–859), and Shalmaneser III (858–824),27 and on silver tablets from the time of Tukult-Ninurta I and Ashurnasirpal II,28 as well as on lead tablets from the time of Tukult-Ninurta I.29 Bronze Lion Weights Weights with brief labels indicating that they belonged to a king have a long tradition in Mesopotamia, going all the way back to the third millennium. Most of these weights are made of stone and in the shape of a duck,30 although one in the shape of a lion is known from the time of Shalmaneser III.31 In 1846, Layard discovered sixteen bronze weights in the shape of lions in the North-West Palace at Kal#u. Thirteen of these bear Akkadian proprietary inscriptions, one of Tiglath-pileser III (Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 Tiglath-pileser III no. 63), nine of Shalmaneser V (Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 Shalmaneser V nos. 1–9 and note no. 1003), one of Sennacherib (Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 text no. 211), and two of Sargon II (text nos. 78–79). Most, including the two of Sargon, also have brief Aramaic inscriptions on them indicating the weight of the object. Rock Face Three Assyrian rulers before Sargon II have left us royal inscriptions incised into rock faces, although the tradition of Mesopotamian rulers leaving inscriptions or reliefs on cliff faces goes back to the third millennium. Tiglath-pileser I and Shalmaneser III had two and five inscriptions respectively carved on rock faces in Turkey, mostly near the source of the Tigris River,32 and Tiglath-pileser III had one made at Mila Mergi in Iraqi Kurdistan.33 In addition to the inscription, a relief depicting the ruler is found with one of the inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser I, at least two of those of Shalmaneser III, and the inscription of Tiglath-pileser III. A relief and inscription of Sargon were carved into a cliff face at Tang-i Var in Iran in order to commemorate a campaign to Karalla led by Assyrian officials in 706 (text no. 116). Like the relief of Tiglath-pileser III at Mila Mergi, the one at Tang-i Var depicts the Assyrian king, but unlike the one of Tiglath-pileser, part of the inscription is written across the king’s body. Miscellaneous Inscriptions of Sargon are found on a variety of other objects of stone, clay, metal, and other materials. Apart from a stone tablet from Khorsabad that bears a twenty-five-line inscription recording the construction of that city (text no. 47), the inscriptions on the other stone objects (altars, vessels, axe head, coffer, and unidentifiable objects) are either short or very fragmentary. When it is possible to determine the nature of the inscription, it often simply states to whom the object belonged (text no. 77) or had been dedicated (text nos. 49 and 2005), although it might mention the actual construction of the object or some edifice (text nos. 93, 1007, and 2008). As far as I am aware, apart from one stone altar from Kal#u from time of Ashurnasirpal II and one from Nineveh from the time of Shalmaneser III,34 the sixteen stone altars from the temple of the Sebetti at Drarrukn (text no. 49) are the only other altars with inscriptions of Assyrian kings upon them. The inscriptions on clay cones record the construction of temples at Aur and Nineveh (text nos. 67 and 92; cf. text nos. 1003– 1004), while the clay plaques bear a brief proprietary inscription (text no. 66; cf. text no. 1005). The inscriptions on clay vessels (text nos. 59–60) are poorly preserved and their nature is not clear.35 Surprisingly, the only two inscriptions in this volume that clearly bear dates indicating when they were written are found on clay cones from Aur (text nos. 67 and 1004), although only one of these is sufficiently well preserved to allow us to

























































27

Grayson, RIMA 1 p. 196 A.0.77.7, pp. 253–256 A.0.78.11 exs. 2–3, pp. 256–257 A.0.78.12 ex. 1, pp. 259–260 A.0.78.14 exs. 1 and 4, pp. 260–261 A.0.78.15 ex. 1, and pp. 264–265 A.0.78.17 ex. 1; Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 341–342 A.0.101.70 ex. 1; and Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 99–100 A.0.102.26. 28 Grayson, RIMA 1 pp. 253–256 A.0.78.11 exs. 5–6, pp. 256–257 A.0.78.12 ex. 2, pp. 259–260 A.0.78.14 ex. 3, pp. 260–261 A.0.78.15 ex. 2, and pp. 264–265 A.0.78.17 ex. 2. Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 341–342 A.0.101.70 ex. 2. 29 Grayson, RIMA 1 pp. 253–256 A.0.78.11 exs. 4 and 7–10, and pp. 259–260 A.0.78.14 exs. 5–6. 30 For example, Frayne, RIME 3/2 pp. 154–155 E3/2.1.2.51–53; Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 181–182 A.0.100.10 (Tukult-Ninurta II) and pp. 358–359 A.0.101.107 (Ashurnasirpal II); and Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 pp. 150–152 Tiglath-pileser III nos. 61–62. 31 Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 169–170 A.0.102.115. 32 Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 61–62 A.0.87.15–16; Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 90–96 A.0.102.20–24. Note that M. Worthington suggests that one of the inscriptions attributed to Tiglath-pileser I (Grayson, RIMA 2 p. 61 A.0.87.15) may actually be of later date, possibly from the time of Shalmaneser III. 33 Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 pp. 89–92 Tiglath-pileser III no. 37. 34 Grayson, RIMA 2 pp. 351–352 A.0.101.98 (from Kal#u); Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 153–154 A.0.102.95 (from Nineveh). 35 It is not impossible that one or both of the clay bowls are actually clay cones (sikkatu).

10

Introduction

identify the year (text no. 67).36 A number of metal objects (copper covers for door jambs, gold bowl, electrum mirror, and bronze macehead) also bear short proprietary (text nos. 99, 2001 exs. 1 and 3, and 2003) or dedicatory (text no. 99) inscriptions. With regard to stamp and cylinder seals and impressions, a clay sealing with a stamped impression of what may be a royal seal (text no. 1002) appears to have been found at Khorsabad in the mid-1800s, but its present location is not known and it is thus unavailable for collation. A cylinder seal of unknown provenance and a clay bulla from Nimrud with the impression of a cylinder seal bear proprietary inscriptions of governors (text nos. 2006–2007); a stamp seal impression with a proprietary Aramaic inscription of one of Sargon’s eunuchs was also found at Khorsabad (text no. 2004). The brief inscriptions on a glass vessel (text no. 77 ex. 1) and a rock crystal jar (text no. 2001 ex. 2) are also proprietary in nature. One of the most interesting objects bearing an inscription of Sargon’s is an ivory writing board found at Kal#u (text no. 80). The inscription states that it belonged to the palace of Sargon and that that king had had the astrological series Enma Anu Enlil written upon it and the board deposited at Dr-arrukn. Overview of Previous Publications / Editions / Scholarship In view of Sargon’s involvement with Israel and the “Ten Lost Tribes of Israel” and his successful military campaigns throughout the Near East, from Philistia in the Southwest to Urar'u in the North and Babylonia in the Southeast, every general history of ancient Assyria or Mesopotamia includes some treatment of his reign. In 1908, the American Assyriologist and historian A.T.E. Olmstead published his 1906 Cornell University dissertation Western Asia in the Days of Sargon of Assyria 722–705 B.C.: A Study in Oriental History. Surprisingly, this was to be the only monographic length study of his reign for over a century, although useful chapters on his reign appeared by A.K. Grayson in CAH2 3/2 in 1991 and by W. Mayer in his Politik und Kriegskunst der Assyrer in 1995. In 2001 R.A. Gabriel even had a chapter on Sargon in his book Great Captains of Antiquity (part of the series Contributions in Military Studies); Sargon was the only Mesopotamian ruler included in the volume. A. Fuchs has presented important biographical overviews of the king within the past decade in RLA 12/1–2 (2009) pp. 51–61 and PNA 3/2 (2011) pp. 1239–1247. Recently, three books on Sargon appeared in almost successive years: Le campagne babilonesi ed orientali di Sargon II d’Assiria: un’analisi topografica (a revision of a 2007 doctoral dissertation presented at the Università di Roma La Sapienza) by F. Maniori in 2014, The Campaigns of Sargon II, King of Assyria, 721–705 B.C (in the series Campaigns and Commanders) by S.C. Melville in 2016, and Sargon II, King of Assyria (in the series Archaeology and Biblical Studies) by J. Elayi in 2017. The first author provides a detailed study of Sargon’s southern and eastern campaigns, while each of the latter two authors provides a study of all Sargon’s campaigns, although the authors do not always see things in the same way. Translations of individual inscriptions of his or of selective passages from them — generally those dealing with Biblical matters — often appear in compendiums of translations of ancient Near Eastern texts, for example, Gressmann, ATAT2 (translations by E. Ebeling); Pritchard, ANET3 (translations by A.L. Oppenheim); Briend and Seux, TPOA (translations by M.-J. Seux); Galling, Textbuch2 (translations by R. Borger); TUAT 1/4 (translations by Borger); and COS 2 and 4 (translations by K.L. Younger and F.M. Fales). Before discussing the major previous editions and studies of this text corpus, I would like to cite here briefly some other important works in which Sargon II texts have been published. For editions/transliterations of a single text, or a very small group of texts, often accompanied by a copy and/or a photograph, see especially: Schrader, Sargonsstele (1882); Nassouhi, MAOG 3/1 (1927); Thureau-Dangin, RA 30 (1933); Unger, IAMN 9 (1933); Weidner, AfO 14 (1941–44); Barnett in Woolley and Barnett, Carchemish 3 (1952); Gadd, Iraq 16 (1954); Wiseman, Iraq 17 (1955); Gadd in Crowfoot, Samaria-Sebaste 3 (1957); Tadmor, Eretz-Israel 8 (1967); Levine, Stelae (1972); Saggs, Iraq 37 (1975); Al-Rawi, Iraq 56 (1994); Frame, Orientalia 68 (1999); Kessler, AfO 50 (2003–4); Niederreiter, RA 99 (2005); Frame, Subartu 18 (2006); Akdoan and Fuchs, ZA 99 (2009); Frahm, KAL 3 (2009); Frame, Studies Parpola (2009); Frame, CUSAS 17 (2011); Frahm, AoF 40 (2013); Lauinger and Batiuk, ZA 105 (2015); Baruchi-Unna and Cogan, IMSA 9 (2018–19); and Marchesi, JNES 78 (2019). According to the noted French archaeologist J.-C. Margueron, “Mesopotamian archaeology was born at the end of March 1843, on the day when P.E. Botta, the consular agent at Mosul, brought to light a group of buildings with bas-reliefs and inscriptions on the mound of Khorsabad (Dur-Sharrukin).”37 The buildings that



























































36 At least one exemplar of a text on prismatic cylinders (text no. 76 ex. 2) has a date written on the left end of the piece, but only the day is preserved and the eponymy was clearly not given. 37 Margueron, Mesopotamia p. 13.




Introduction

11

Botta (1802–1870) brought to light were the palace of Sargon II at his capital of Dr-arrukn (“Fortress/Wall of Sargon”), located next to the Khosr River about fifteen km northeast of the Iraqi city of Mosul. He carried out work there only until the following year, 1844, and in 1845 returned to France. However, he had unearthed numerous magnificent stone wall panels decorated with carved reliefs and massive stone sculptures of winged bulls, among other items. He sent a series of five letters about his discoveries back to Jules Mohl in Paris and these were published in the Journal asiatique38 while Botta was still in Iraq. These reports encouraged the French government to send the artist E. Flandin to make drawings of the reliefs. The few items that Botta brought back to Paris caused a great sensation when they were displayed in the Louvre in 1847 and V. Place was thus sent out to continue the work at Khorsabad, where he, aided by F. Thomas, excavated in 1852-1854, finding more fabulous items. In numbering the rooms and courtyards in the palace that were excavated, Botta used Arabic numerals for rooms and Roman numerals for courts; however, some of the spaces initially thought by him to have been open areas (i.e., courts) were later realized to be rooms. Thus, for example, Court VII on his plan was actually the throne room, and Courts II, V, X, XIII, and XIV were also rooms. He did however refer to areas II, V, X, XIII, and XIV as rooms in connection with his copies, but continued to cite them with Roman numerals. Place corrected most of these in his plan of the palace (replacing the Roman numerals with Arabic ones), but he did not correct all of them (e.g., the throne room remained Court VII). As mentioned in the Editorial Notes, it has been thought best to maintain Botta’s numbering (i.e., using Roman numerals) when citing rooms with inscribed wall slabs since that is how they are noted on his copies and in most recent publications of the texts, but to use Arabic numerals for rooms mentioned in connection with other texts, texts mostly found during the later excavations by the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, which cited the rooms with Arabic numerals. Botta thought that he had found the Nineveh of the Bible and so his and Flandin’s publication claimed in its title: Monument de Ninive, 5 volumes published in 1849–1850 (Paris). The first two volumes of Monument de Ninive contained plans of the individual rooms excavated and Flandin’s drawings of the reliefs, as well as drawings of some individual objects and of some details on the reliefs. Volumes 3 and 4 contained Botta’s typeset copies of inscriptions on the bulls, paving slabs, and wall slabs, as well as on a few other items; and volume 5 recorded the discovery of the site and a description of the excavations, as well as having chapters on writing and decipherment. Botta, and later Place, found numerous inscribed materials. Botta’s initial copies of some of the texts that he found were published with his reports in Journal asiatique and the copies are preserved today in the archives of the Institut de France in Paris. He also made squeezes of many of the texts, which he used to correct his initial copies before they were published in typeset characters in Monument de Ninive. In the table of contents of volumes 3–4, a small “c” is placed with the plate number for each copy that had been collated from a squeeze or from the original in the Louvre (e.g., “99c”) and this is also done in this volume when a Botta plate number is cited in a text catalogue and usually in text introductions and commentaries, but it is not normally indicated in the bibliography sections of the individual texts, footnotes, or in runs of consecutive numbers.39 Place, who had worked at Khorsabad in 1852-1854, entitled the publication of his work Ninive et l’Assyrie (3 volumes published in 1867–1870; Paris), although he recognized that Khorsabad was not ancient Nineveh.



























































38 JA 4/2 (1843) pp. 61–72 and pls. I–XII; and pp. 201–214 and pls. XIII–XXI. JA 4/3 (1844) pp. 91–103 and pls. XXII–XXXI; and pp. 424–435 and pls. XXXII–XXXVIII. JA 4/4 (1844) pp. 301–314 and pls. XXXIX–XLIX. These include at times notes and comments by J. Mohl. For English translations of these letters, see Botta’s Letters on the Discoveries at Nineveh (London, 1850) and Illustrations of the Discoveries at Nineveh; Consisting of Forty-Nine Plates of the Sculpture and Inscriptions on Ancient Assyrian Monuments, with Descriptions, being a Translations of M. Botta’s Letters on the First Discoveries at Nineveh (London, 1850). Note also JA 4/5 (1845) pp. 201–207 and pls. L–LV, a report by Botta to the Minister of the Interior. 39 The squeezes that are still extant are preserved in the Louvre and were jointly given the museum number AO 7382 when they were accessioned into the Louvre. Although P.E. Botta indicates that he made squeezes of Monument de Ninive 3–4 pls. 32–35, 40, 47, 51, 73, 76, 79 (top), 117, 125, 135 (bottom) 139, 143 (top), 160 (bottom), 173, and 181–183, these were either destroyed or lost many years ago. The Louvre accession records indicate that squeezes of pls. 40, 47, 51, and 125 were among those acquired by the Louvre about a century ago when they moved there from the Bibliothèque Nationale, but the ones of pls. 40, 47, and 125 cannot be located today and for pl. 51, see below. Actually, there appears to be some uncertainty in the records whether squeezes of pls. 40 and 47 did indeed enter the Louvre. In addition, there may in fact never have been squeezes of the slabs presented on the top of pls. 79 and 143 (Room II, slab 2 [text no. 1 section 1] and Room VIII, slab 23 [text no. 7 ex. 5 section 12]) and bottom of pls. 135 and 160 (Room VIII, slab 16 [text no. 7 ex. 5 section 6] and Room XIV, slab 7 [text no. 8 section 3]), with Botta’s indication that this plate had been collated only referring to the other slab on the plate, for which a squeeze does exist. Winckler indicates that he did not see squeezes of the inscriptions presented on the top of Botta’s pl. 79 and bottom of pl. 160; the other two slabs have parts of the Display Inscription, for which Winckler only provided a copy of the text in Room X (with variants from the other exemplars). Squeezes of only ten of the fourteen epigraphs on pl. 180 are currently preserved in the Louvre and that is all that were extant at the time they entered the Louvre. There is a squeeze in the Louvre labeled as being pl. 51, but it is actually an impression of the inscription on the back of the bull colossus in question (text no. 41 ex. 21), and not of part of the inscription between the bull’s legs (text no. 9 ex. 2).

12

Introduction

The first volume included, among other matters, descriptions of the various buildings and structures found and a discussion of the manner of construction used by the Assyrians. In addition to chapters on attempts at determining what the structures would have looked like and how they were decorated, on the excavation and transport of the antiquities discovered, and on numerous other topics (e.g., glyptics, painting, and ceramics), the second volume had a chapter on cuneiform inscriptions and an almost forty-page appendix (pp. 281–319) by J. Oppert on the inscriptions on the winged bulls, clay cylinders, and gold, silver, and ‘antimony’ tablets (text nos. 9, 43, 46, 45, and 47 respectively), with typeset copies of the texts, interlinear transliterations and Latin translations, as well as French translations.40 Oppert also presented a translation of the annals based on the material from Rooms II, V, XIII, and XIV of the palace (text nos. 1–4), although this translation also incorporated parts of the Display Inscription from Room XIV (text no. 8). His were the first real published editions of texts from Khorsabad, but he had previously published translations of all or part of some of them elsewhere (e.g., bull: Oppert, Chronologie [1856] pp. 35–39 = Annales de Philosophie chrétienne 53 [1856] pp. 346–350; cylinder: Annales de Philosophie chrétienne 65 [1862] p. 45 no. 5 and pp. 183–188 [with a partial translation already back in 1856]). The third volume contained plans of the site and buildings, reconstructions of various structures, drawings of various reliefs and other finds, and heliogravures of the gold, silver, bronze and ‘antimony’ tablets, as well as of two exemplars of the Khorsabad Cylinder inscription (pls. 77–78). Some drawings of items from other sites (in particular Kuyunjik) are also found in volume 3. Botta’s publication Monument de Ninive came out quite quickly after his work at the site, in only about five years, while Place’s took about fifteen years. Among the most active scholars working at this time on the decipherment of cuneiform was the aforementioned German-French scholar Julius (Jules) Oppert (1825–1905). Situated in Paris, he produced the most important early works on the texts from Khorsabad in a series of articles and books, beginning already in 1855–1856 with a partial translation of the Khorsabad Cylinder inscription (text no. 43) in the Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire (vol. 8) and a translation of the Khorsabad Bull inscription (text no. 9) in the Annales de Philosophie chrétienne (vol. 53). Among his publications are Les inscriptions assyriennes des Sargonides et les fastes de Ninive (1862; text nos. 7, 43, and 73); Les fastes de Sargon, roi d’Assyrie (721 à 703 avant J.C.), traduits et publiés d’après le texte assyrien de la grande inscription des salles du palais de Khorsabad, with J. Ménant (1863; text no. 7); Grande inscription du palais de Khorsabad, with Ménant (1863; text no. 7); and Les inscriptions de Dour-Sarkayan (Khorsabad) provenant des fouilles de M. Victor Place (1870; text nos. 1–4, 9, 43, and 45–47). Sometimes his works were published in two different places (e.g., Sargonides also appeared in the periodical Annales de Philosophie chrétienne vol. 65, and his section in Place’s Ninive et l’Assyrie volume 2 also appeared as Dour-Sarkayan). In addition to working with Oppert on two books on Sargon’s Khorsabad Display inscription, Joachim Ménant (1820–1899) published French translations of all or parts of several inscriptions of Sargon in his works Annales des rois d’Assyrie (1874; text nos. 1–4, 7, 9, 12, 16–17, 41, 43, 46, 50, 55, 73, 92, 95, and 103) and Babylone et la Chaldée (1875; text nos. 1–2). David Gordon Lyon (1852–1935) produced his book Keilschrifttexte Sargon’s, Königs von Assyrien (722–705 v. Chr.) (Leipzig) in 1883 as the fifth volume in the series Assyriologische Bibliothek. This had been his doctoral thesis at the University of Leipzig, where he had been a student of Friedrich Delitzsch. The volume includes copies, transliterations, translations, and commentary of several inscriptions from Khorsabad, those on clay cylinders (text no. 43), on winged bulls (text no. 9), and on tablets of bronze, silver, gold, and ‘antimony’ (text nos. 44–47). The volume concludes with a glossary arranged according to the root letters in Hebraic script and a combined index of geographical, personal, and divine names. The edition of the cylinder was based on four exemplars (two in Paris and two in London) and that of the winged bulls on two exemplars in Paris, although with some variants from additional exemplars. He had also been able to examine the four tablets in the Louvre. D.D. Luckenbill later described his work as “a model of accurate, painstaking scholarship” (ARAB 2 p. 1 §2). In 1889, Hugo Winckler (1863–1913) published an edition of the official inscriptions of Sargon II and it remained the most important and extensive publication of this ruler’s inscriptions for over a century.41 In two volumes, his Die Keilschrifttexte Sargons nach den Papierabklatschen und Originalen neu herausgegeben (Leipzig) included copies and editions of basically all the inscriptions known up until that time. Following an introduction to Sargon’s official inscriptions and the historical information in them, volume 1 presents editions of Sargon’s official inscriptions and concludes with an index of Akkadian words and a combined index

























































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41 Three years earlier, in 1886, Winckler had published his thesis, written in Latin at the University of Berlin, on the annals of Sargon II (De inscriptione Sargonis, regis Assyriae, quae vocatur Annalium).




Introduction

13

of geographical, personal, and divine names. Although the editions are now outdated, they represented a great advance on what had been available up until the time of their publication. Hand copies of almost all the texts edited in volume 1 are found in volume 2. These copies were made by L. Abel; however, Winckler had clearly been involved in their preparation and they are generally referred to as his copies. Volume 2 has copies of the Khorsabad Annals (pls. 1–28 nos. 1–52, 55, and 58–60 [text nos. 1–4 and 6]), the Display Inscription of Room XIV (pls. 25–27 and 29 nos. 53–54, 56–57, and 61–62 [text no. 8]), the Display Inscription (pls. 30–36 nos. 63–78 [text no. 7]), five pavement slabs (pls. 37–40 [text nos. 10–14]), the inscription on the back of wall slabs (pl. 40 [text no. 41]), the inscription on winged bulls (pls. 41–42 [text no. 9]), the inscriptions on four metal and stone tablets (pls. 42–44 [text nos. 44–47]), the Khorsabad Cylinder inscription (pl. 43 [text no. 43]), the Nineveh Prism (pls. 44–46; referred to as “Das zerbrochene Prisma [A and B]” and “Der Bericht über den Zug gegen Asdod nach S.” [text no. 82]), the Cyprus Stele (pls. 46–47 [text no. 103]), the Nimrud wall slabs (pl. 48 [text no. 73]), and various other short inscriptions (pl. 49: Khorsabad altar [text no. 49], epigraphs [text nos. 23–28, 30–32, 34–35, and 37–39], two so-called “harem” inscriptions [text nos. 16–17], inscriptions on glass and stone vessels [text no. 77], bricks [text nos. 50–51, 53–55, and 95], an eyestone [referred to as a “Siegelabdruck”; text no. 61], and clay cones [text no. 92]).42 These copies comprise ones for which he was able to examine the originals (relatively few), ones for which he was able to collate Botta’s copies from squeezes (a large part of the volume), and ones for which his copies are totally based on Botta’s copies and his views of what should have been on them. The third group thus provides no independent evidence for exactly what was on the inscriptions, and, for the most part, they are not normally used in this volume, although they are cited in the text bibliographies. With regard to the second group, it is often difficult to determine whether improvements to Botta’s copies were based upon what he could actually see on the squeezes or if they were based on what he believed must have been on the inscription. F. Thureau-Dangin has said with regard to Winckler’s copies: “Il est à noter que ses copies contiennent beaucoup de restitutions, qui ne sont pas toujours signalées comme telles. Il est donc prudent de ne les utiliser qu’en les contrôlant par celles de Botta qui ont simplement pour objet de reproduire l’état réel du texte.” 43 A.T.E. Olmstead has stated: “Winckler … corrected many of Botta’s misreadings, and he made numerous and excellent restorations. Unfortunately, it is too often uncertain whether Winckler actually read the correct sign on the squeeze or whether it was his own correction, while the brackets which should have indicated a restoration were often misplaced or even omitted … If Winckler’s cuneiform text was to be used with caution, his transliteration and translation formed a veritable trap for those who trustingly quoted them without reference to the original text.”44 While my own examination of the squeezes often does support or allow Winckler’s corrected readings, it more often indicates that signs copied by him as being fully preserved were damaged on the original, are unclear (at times perhaps due to an imperfectly made squeeze), or are even not (or no longer?) visible on the squeezes. While Winckler was an excellent scholar and his corrected copies normally make good sense, they cannot be relied upon. As already noted by Fuchs (Khorsabad p. 6), the most important of Winckler’s copies are those that he made having collated the squeezes in Paris, but even here it is not possible to rely on his copies without question.45 In sum, it is often not clear from the copies whether something was actually seen by him or has been restored/corrected in the copy, and his editions do not always clarify matters. As a result, it is likely that on occasion the editions presented in the present volume have interpreted his copies erroneously. In the text catalogues in this volume, a small “c” is placed after a Winckler text number that was collated by him from a squeeze (e.g., “Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 16 no. 34c” in the catalogue for text no. 2 section 5). At times his copies specifically state where a squeeze began or ended. If this does not match his square brackets, this is indicated in the transliteration based upon Winckler’s copy in the score by superscript “
” and “r” bullets, for the beginning and end of the squeeze respectively.46

























































42

Note that apart from the Annals texts and the Display Inscription from Room XIV (text nos. 1–4, 6, and 8) many of these copies are composite copies, made from two or more exemplars. This is the case in particular for the Khorsabad Display Inscription (text no. 7), the five pavement slab inscriptions (text nos. 10–14), the inscription on the backs of wall slabs (text no. 41), the inscription on the winged bulls (text no. 9), and the cylinder inscription (text no. 43), but also for some of the shorter inscriptions (e.g., those on bricks). 43 Thureau-Dangin, RA 24 (1927) p. 75. 44 Olmstead, AJSL 47 (1930–31) p. 259. 45 Although some of the squeezes made by P.E. Botta are no longer extant or have been lost, all of those that H. Winckler claims to have used are still preserved in the Louvre. 46 See for example Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 4 no. 8, which is his copy for Botta, Monument de Ninive plate 75c (text no. 1 lines 118–130). When his indication of the beginning or end of the squeeze runs through a sign, the “
” or  are given before and after the sign respectively.

14

Introduction

The publication in 1912 of Une relation de la huitième campagne de Sargon (714 av. J.-C.) (Textes cunéiformes du Louvre 3) (Paris) by the great French Assyriologist François Thureau-Dangin (1872–1944) presented an extremely important new inscription of Sargon’s, a report (or letter) from the king to the god Aur describing the campaign in his eighth regnal year (714) against Urar'u and Mu%a%ir (text no. 65). Although the large tablet had been purchased by the Louvre from an antiquities dealer, the piece had clearly been found at Aur since several additional small fragments of the tablet discovered by German archaeologists at that city were later published by O. Schroeder in 1922 (KAH 2 no. 141) and by E. Weidner in 1937–39 (AfO 12 pp. 144–148 and pl. XI). In addition to a copy, photographs, and an edition of the text, Thureau-Dangin’s volume also includes an edition (aided in part by collation of squeezes) of a section of the Annals from Room II that basically duplicated part of the new text and an edition of a section from the Nineveh Prism that also described the campaign against Mu%a%ir.47 The article “Zu den Inschriften der Säle im Palaste Sargon’s II. von Assyrien” published by Franz Heinrich Weissbach (1865–1944) in 1918 (ZDMG 72 pp. 161–185 and plate before p. 161) proved to be of great importance for our understanding of Sargon’s inscriptions on the walls of his palace at Khorsabad. In particular, he recognized that room XIV preserved parts of two different inscriptions, part of the king’s annals (text no. 4) and a separate display inscription (text no. 8), and he provided an edition of the latter text. He also improved our understanding of the various versions and copies of the annals and main display inscription in the various rooms of the palace. His study laid an important foundation for work on these texts. As a result of work producing editions of the corpus of Assyrian royal inscriptions for the files of the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary, in 1926–1927 Daniel David Luckenbill (1881–1927) published English translations of the entire corpus available up until that time in his two-volume work Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia (ARAB). For the reign of Sargon, volume two includes approximately fifty inscriptions written on stone wall slabs, winged bulls, paving slabs, and steles, on metal tablets, on clay prisms, tablets, cylinders, and cones, and on mud bricks, as well as on several other minor objects. The inscriptions from Khorsabad are presented first, followed by those from Aur, Calah (Kal#u), and Nineveh. Luckenbill’s work was based entirely on published material, without any additional collation, and he maintained Winckler’s line numbering for the annals. ARAB has remained the main English translation of the royal inscriptions of Sargon up until the present time. Winckler, like Oppert, had combined the versions of the annals from the different rooms of Sargon’s palace into one recension, which while useful in many ways, also makes it difficult at times to determine exactly what comes from which room and exactly what is based on restoration as opposed to being actually preserved in the version from one or the other room. Thus, in 1929 the Norwegian scholar Arthur Godfred Lie (1887-1932) presented The Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria. Part I: The Annals Transliterated and Translated with Notes (Paris). This volume actually only gives an edition of the version of the annals from Room II, although where sections from that room were missing, he includes an edition of the sections in Room V. In addition, numerous footnotes give variants from Rooms V, XIII, and XIV to what is found in Room II. The line numbering of the Annals is based on the text in Room II, and, where it was thought necessary to include material from Room V, the lines are numbered separately, according to the line number on the relevant slab from Room V. Like Winckler, Lie had examined the squeezes in Paris, although he does not indicate exactly which ones he was able to see and it is difficult to determine which readings in the volume are based upon examination of the squeezes. Regrettably, Lie only published Part I of Sargon’s inscriptions. Useful reviews of his work were presented by Thureau-Dangin (RA 27 [1930] pp. 159–160) and Olmstead (AJSL 47 [1930–31] pp. 259–280). Following Botta’s and Place’s work at Khorsabad, no further major archaeological exploration of the site took place until 1929-1935, when the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago sent out a team led in turn by Edward Chiera (in 1928–1929), Henri Frankfort (in 1929–1932), and Gordon Loud (in 1932–1935), with Thorkild Jacobsen as the epigraphist. Two volumes in the series Oriental Institute Publications resulted: Khorsabad, Part I: Excavations in the Palace and at a City Gate, by Loud, with chapters by Frankfort and Jacobsen (OIP 38) in 1936; and Khorsabad, Part II: The Citadel and the Town, by Loud and Charles B. Altman (OIP 40) in 1938.48 Jacobsen’s chapter in Khorsabad 1 included copies and editions of the inscriptions on five pavement slabs from the palace chapels (earlier thought to be the “harem” section of the palace [text nos. 16– 21]) and two inscriptions found in the throne room (one on a fragment of a wall slab with part of Sargon’s



























































47 It is useful to note here the article by Thureau-Dangin in RA 24 (1927) pp. 75–80 that includes important collations of the version of Sargon’s Annals from Room II (text no. 1) based upon his examination of the squeezes then held in the Biblothèque Nationale (Paris) and in particular new copies of slabs 13 and 14 that were made by Ch.-F. Jean based upon the squeezes (text no. 1 sections 12–13). 48 Note also the four preliminary reports produced by H. Frankfort (OIC 16–17 and 19–20).




Introduction

15

annals and one on a brick [text nos. 5 and 52 ex. 1 respectively]). The chapter on the inscriptions in Khorsabad 2 included copies and editions of three inscriptions by Jacobsen (one on threshold and stair slabs from the temple of the god Nabû, one on threshold slabs from residence L, and one on a stone altar found in the town area; text nos. 22, 2002, and 49 ex. 3 respectively), as well as a list of moveable inscriptions (those found on tablets, prisms, pottery, etc.).49 Photos showing several inscriptions are found in these two volumes. The information given in the current volume for the findspots and excavation numbers for some of the items found by the Oriental Institute excavations may include some uncertain information, although attempts have been made to prevent this. There are various reasons for this. As noted by Loud in Khorsabad 2 p. ix, “room numbers assigned in the field have been altered in publication” and “Place’s numbering of the palace rooms and courts has been retained.” (See ibid. pp. 109–110 for a concordance of the publication and field numbers for the rooms.) At times information on a piece may only come from the original excavation records or from a published volume (Khorsabad 1 or 2); thus, pieces that are stated to come from different rooms may in fact have come from the same room. J. Larson has also determined that on at least three separate occasions, the excavators began the D (at times DS and D.S.) series with a new no. 1.50 As a consequence, the lower numbers in these series are shared, without explicit differentiation, by three different finds. By consulting the original field ledgers, ambiguities can be resolved in most cases.51 In addition, the designations for various places differed from those used by Botta and Place. The most important differences between how locations are cited are given below: Façade L = Court I = palace terrace (NW) Façade N = Court III = palace terrace (NE) Façade m = Court VI = third major palace courtyard Façade n = Court VIII = second largest palace courtyard Court VII = throne room Court XV = largest palace courtyard In 1958, Hayim Tadmor (1923–2005) published a two-part article on “The Campaigns of Sargon II of Assur: A Chronological-Historical Study” in the Journal of Cuneiform Studies (volume 12 pp. 22–40 and 77–100). Although the article published only one small new inscription (A 16947; text no. 102) and two new fragments of the Nineveh Prism (Rm 2,92 and Sm 2049; text no. 82), his careful study of the chronology of Sargon’s reign has remained important for all later studies of the royal inscriptions and campaigns of Sargon. He examined in particular the information on the fall of Samaria (pp. 33–40), using information from the Annals of Room II and from the Nimrud Prism (text nos. 1 and 73), and on the campaigns to Philistia and the border of Egypt (pp. 77– 84), using in particular the Aur Prism and the Nineveh Prism (text nos. 63 and 82). Although it only included editions (by C.B.F. Walker) of some of Sargon’s epigraphs and the inscription on the altars from Khorsabad (text nos. 23, 26, 28–30, 36–39, and 49), Pauline Albenda’s 1986 study The Palace of Sargon, King of Assyria / Le palais de Sargon d’Assyrie (French translation by A. Caubet) presents a detailed study of the wall reliefs and stone objects found at Khorsabad, making particular use of the original drawings produced by Botta and Flandin in the 1840s and cataloguing all the pieces known to exist today. In 1993, Andreas Fuchs presented his doctoral dissertation, a new edition of the royal inscriptions of Sargon II from Khorsabad, at the Georg-August-Universität in Göttingen, a work completed under the supervision of R. Borger. The dissertation was published the following year as Die Inschriften Sargons II. aus Khorsabad. In August 1991, he had been able to examine original documents in the Louvre and to make use of photographs of Botta’s squeezes. In addition, Borger provided him with transliterations and/or collations of seven exemplars of the Khorsabad Cylinder preserved in London and Chicago. In Fuchs’ work, the various versions of the Annals were presented as one text, using the “score” method. This used a different set of line numbers for the Annals than those used by Winckler (only the first twenty-five line numbers were the same) or Lie (only the first 234 line numbers were the same). In addition to these editions, the volume concluded with four appendices — the textual building blocks of the inscriptions from the palace, notes on the Annals and the Display Inscription, the geographical lists in the texts, and a reconstruction of the campaign in the king’s twelfth regnal year — and indices (with very useful commentaries) of personal, geographical, and divine names. The work is an excellent piece of scholarship, although the separation of the transliterations (pp. 29–

























































49

For Jacobsen’s nos. 4 and 5, see text no. 10 ex. 4 and the commentary to text no. 11 in this volume. This has to do with numbers similar to DS 22, D.S. 113, and D 48, and not to those where there is an indication of the field season (e.g., D 32-47). In the present volume, D is used in every case, even though DS or D.S. may appear in the actual field record.
51 My thanks must be expressed to J. Larson and J.A. Brinkman for sharing information from their work on the provenances of the materials from Khorsabad. 50

16

Introduction

287) from the translations (pp. 289–372) is at times awkward, particularly with regard to the different versions of the Annals. In November 1993, the Louvre opened “De Khorsabad à Paris,” a special exhibition to commemorate the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Botta’s opening of excavations at Khorsabad. The exhibition ran until February 1994 and resulted in two useful publications: E. Fontan (ed.), De Khorsabad à Paris: La découverte des Assyriens (1994); and A. Caubet (ed.), Khorsabad, le palais de Sargon II, roi d’Assyrie (1995). The former volume includes chapters dealing with the discovery of Khorsabad and its excavators, as well as their discoveries and publications, and how the public received them. The latter is composed of presentations given at a conference held on January 21–22, 1994 to commemorate the occasion and exhibition; it contains articles dealing with such matters as the inscriptions on the back of Khorsabad relief slabs (text no. 41), Sargon’s Cyprus Stele (text no. 103), and the glazed brick panels at Khorsabad (text no. 58), as well as the construction of the city, the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago’s work at the site, and other matters. As part of the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia project, in 1995 G. Frame published the royal inscriptions of the rulers of Babylonia from 1157 to 612 BC (RIMB 2), including those from Babylonia written in the name of its Assyrian overlords. These included six inscriptions of Sargon II: two brick inscriptions from Babylon (text nos. 123–124), and one clay cylinder inscription and three brick inscriptions from Uruk (text nos. 125–128). These record him sponsoring work on the city walls of Babylon and on the Eanna temple at Uruk. The editions of these texts presented in the current volume (text nos. 123–128) are essentially duplicates of those published in RIMB 2. A few years later, in 1998, A. Fuchs presented a study of Sargon’s fragmentary Nineveh Prism, combined with the even more fragmentary texts on the Aur Prism and a clay tablet (text nos. 82, 63, and 102 respectively). In addition to a careful edition of the texts based on an examination of the originals in London and Berlin, the volume (Die Annalen des Jahres 711 v. Chr. [SAAS 8]) includes new copies of the cuneiform texts and several appendices — dating according to regnal years in Assyria, the sikkatu-lock, Ursâ’s companion, Daltâ and the anger of the gods, and Imn and Pir’û — as well as indices of personal, geographical, and divine names. Based on the material mentioned in the text, Fuchs states that the inscription likely dates to 711, the king’s eleventh regnal year. The edition of the Nineveh Prism presented by Fuchs is the basis for the one published here (text no. 82), which is the result of collaboration between G. Frame and A. Fuchs. Editing the Lost Inscriptions from Khorsabad As a result of the unavailability of so many of the original inscriptions on stone wall slabs, paving slabs, and bull colossi from Khorsabad (in particular text nos. 1–4, 6–14, and 23–41) because of their loss in the Tigris River in 1855 or their reburial at the site of Khorsabad, the unreliability of Botta’s copies of these inscriptions, and the uncertainty about the reliability of Winckler’s newer copies of the texts, editing these texts presents many problems and challenges, in particular for text nos. 1–4, 6, and 8 (Annals from Rooms II, V, XIII, XIV, and an unknown room of the palace, and the Display Inscription of Room XIV), for which only one exemplar each is known, but also for text no. 7, for which five exemplars are known. As is well known, Botta’s copies contain numerous anomalous/unexpected sign forms, which is not surprising since he made no claim to be able to read cuneiform — indeed philologists were still in the process of deciphering Akkadian cuneiform texts at the time — since he was working under non-optimal conditions, and since the originals were clearly found at times in a damaged condition.52 In addition, as was mentioned earlier, even though Winckler’s copies generally make excellent sense, they are not reliable, even when he claims to have collated the squeezes. The poor state of preservation of the squeezes that Botta made and that are still extant in the Louvre and the difficulty in working with them means they are not as useful as one might hope. The original squeezes are frequently in a fragile condition and, having been rolled up for decades, do not lie totally flat on a surface; they are unwieldy to work with and require good lighting in order to facilitate the identification of signs and traces versus damage. Fortunately, the squeezes underwent conservation work in the 1990s; all but a few of the squeezes were photographed at that time and the author was able to obtain copies of these photographs with the permission of B. André-Salvini. It is generally both easier and more productive to work from the Louvre photos than the original squeezes since the photos were taken by an excellent photographer under ideal lighting conditions and then printed in reverse; the squeezes themselves of course show a mirror image of the



























































52 As has been noted by earlier scholars, on occasion Botta’s copies misalign fragments of a wall slab (e.g., Room II slab 35 [Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 91]); a double dagger (‡) is employed in the scores to indicate the point in the line of Botta’s copy where one must either go up or down a line in his copy in order to continue reading the relevant line.




Introduction

17

inscription. With the permission of A. Thomas, the author made photographs of those squeezes not photographed in the 1990s. Regrettably, while examination of the squeezes (either directly or via photos) does allow one to improve or correct Botta’s copies at times, the squeezes are often unhelpful, either being damaged or unclear themselves at a critical point. (See Figure 2 below for a photo of section of a squeeze in a moderate stage of preservation.) They often suggest that the original text was damaged at the point where Botta copied an anomalous or unexpected form. They do, however, often reveal traces of signs not copied by Botta, traces that were often, but not always, noted by Winckler. It is likely (and at times proven by squeezes) that signs or parts of signs not indicated on Botta’s copies were hidden/not present due to damage to the text even where Botta’s copies give no indication that the text was damaged. Thus, numerous signs indicated as being abnormal or incorrect in form or omitted were likely only partially preserved or totally missing due to damage on the original.

Figure 2. Squeeze of Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 80, middle (text no. 1 section 15). © Musée du Louvre, dist. RMN - Grand Palais / Christian Larrieu. At times, lengthy discussions would be needed to justify the reading of numerous signs in a single line of a single slab; however, this would make this volume inordinately lengthy and difficult to use. After much consideration and discussion with colleagues, it has been decided that for text nos. 1–4 and 8 a score edition would be prepared and made available online with a simplified notation scheme.53 No score is given for text no. 6 since there are no other sources of information on that text apart from Botta’s copy in Monument de Ninive (i.e., no original, no earlier copy in Journal asiatique or the Institut de France, and no squeeze). In the scores, one line (indicated by the siglum Bt) indicates the reading based on Botta’s copy in Monument de



























































53 Note the author’s article “Lost in the Tigris: The Trials and Tribulations in Editing the Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II of Assyria” in Yamada, SAAS 28 pp. 215–237; some examples of problems with Botta’s copies are given ibid. p. 221. For text no. 7, see below.

18

Introduction

Ninive, with the siglum † used here and elsewhere to indicate an abnormal sign form;54 one line (Wi) is based on Winckler’s copy, but this line is only present when Winckler claims to have collated the text from a squeeze;55 one line (Sq) is based on collation of a squeeze still preserved in the Louvre (mostly examined by means of photographs, but at times from the original squeeze); one line (JA) gives information from Botta’s copies published in Journal asiatique when a copy differs from his later one in Monument de Ninive; one line (IdF) gives information from Botta’s original copy preserved in the Institut de France when it differs from his copy in Monument de Ninive;56 one line (Je) is based on copies by Ch.-F. Jean published in Revue d’assyriologie 24 (1927) pp. 79–80 (only for two slabs in Room II [text no. 1 sections 12–13]); and one line (T-D) gives ThureauDangin’s collations of individual words and signs on the squeezes published in RA 24 (1927) pp. 76–78 (only for slabs in Room II [text no. 1]). In most cases only one or a few of these lines will appear since the others do not exist for a line (or slab in general). On a few occasions, part of a particular wall slab still exists (see for example text no. 2 section 6 and text no. 3 section 1´) or a squeeze exists outside the Institut de France (see text no. 1 section 5) and lines in the score will be given for them, with the line siglum indicated in the commentary to that text. The dagger siglum (†) is used in the scores to indicate an abnormal sign form in Botta’s copy: e.g., ita†; this may be omitted if the sign is only slightly abnormal. However, if the unexpected form is an actual sign, that form is indicated in the score: e.g., a-di*(copy: RU). The master line is based upon the author’s best assessment of the sum total of information, although the siglum † is generally placed after the reading of any sign that is less than certain and/or has conflicting information about it that seemed worthy of note.57 The reader then needs to look at the score to see the conflicting information on/reading of the sign. This reduces the number of on-page notes arguing about the reading of any one sign. However, where the author felt information about the reading of a sign (or group of signs) was particularly useful, an on-page note on the matter is given. The author is fully aware this is not a perfectly satisfactory manner to deal with uncertain readings, but has decided that it is the most suitable manner to present a manuscript both easily usable by non-specialists and yet able to indicate to the specialist where uncertainty remains about a reading without over-burdening him/her with numerous lengthy discussions that would in many/most cases result in no definite answer. With regard to the master lines and scores for these texts, it may be useful to explain a number of general procedures: a) Normally, † will be placed after a sign in the master line if Botta’s Monument de Ninive copy has an abnormal or incorrect sign even if a squeeze would allow the correct reading, but cannot confirm it. For example, the score may have a-lid*(copy: TAB) for Bt and a-(lid) for Sq, but have a-lid† in the master line; this would mean that the squeeze indicates the second sign is so damaged (or that the squeeze is so damaged at that point) that although it might well be LID one cannot rule out the possibility of it being TAB. Since Winckler’s copies cannot be relied upon (see above), † may still appear in the master line even if a-lid is given in the line for Wi. b) If Botta’s copy has a sign fully preserved, while the squeeze shows it damaged, Botta’s copy is followed in the master line. c) When Botta’s copy is only slightly abnormal (e.g., MA for LA, KAL for UN, or IZ for PA), while Winckler’s copy has the correct form and the squeeze while indicating that the sign is damaged, supports the correct reading, then the correct reading is given in the master line with an indication that the sign is damaged (e.g., (UN)). d) If Botta’s copy in the Journal asiatique and/or Institut de France has the correct/desired sign form of a sign while the later copy in Monument de Ninive has an incorrect/abnormal form, preference is given to



























































54 The siglum † is given after the expected/desired reading of the sign. Such abnormal signs are not normally indicated in the lists of variants at the back of this volume, particularly when there is more than one exemplar for an inscription (text nos. 7 and 9–14 and 41). 55 At times Winckler has a line on his copies indicating either where the squeeze he had examined for collation purposes began or where it ended (e.g., his copies of Room II slabs 3 and 9 [Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 1 no. 2 and pl. 3 no. 6]). In such cases, a superscript right-facing triangular bullet (
) is employed in the scores to note where Winckler indicates that he began to collate the inscription from a squeeze and a IKF;HI9H?FJ
9?H9KB7H
8KBB;J
r
?I
I?C?B7HBO
;CFBEO;:
JE
DEJ;
M>;H;
>;
?D:?97J;I
J>7J
>?I
9EBB7J?EDI
;D:;:
.>?I
B7JJ;H
I?=BKm is also used in the transliteration of text no. 117 (Najafabad Stele) to indicate where the lines of the inscription on the squeezes preserved in the Royal Ontario Museum end. 56 For the most part, the copies in the Institut de France are identical to those published in Journal asiatique, but there are occasional differences between the two. My thanks must be expressed to M. Zink (now secrétaire perpetuel de l’Académie des inscriptions et belleslettres) through whose support I was able to access the materials in the Institut de France in the summer of 2011 and also to J.-M. Durand for facilitating my visit there. 57 For texts with only one exemplar (e.g., text nos. 1–4, 6, and 8) this will generally mean that P.E. Botta’s copy has an abnormal or incorrect sign form and that there is no contradictory information from an original or from a squeeze.




Introduction

19

the former in the master line and no indication is normally given in the master line that the copy in Monument de Ninive is abnormal, although this will of course be noted in the score. e) If the master line has † with a sign being fully restored, this means that Winckler’s copy shows the sign as fully present, while Botta’s copy and the current state of the squeeze do not have any indication of it being there. For example, [a†]-na in the master line, [x]-na in Bt, a-na in Wi, and [x]-na or [x x] in Sq. However, if Winckler only indicates that part of the sign is preserved, then his reading is sometimes accepted. For example, if Bt has [x x], Wi has [ki]-(ma), and Sq has [x x], then [ki]-(ma) may appear in the master line. f) As is the case elsewhere in this series, if the unexpected sign is an actual sign, then that sign is given in parentheses following the expected reading of the sign in the score. However, † will normally be given in the master line. For example, if we expect ia-a-ti while Botta’s copy has AD-a-ti and the squeeze is not preserved at that point, then the score will have ia*(copy: AD)-a-ti for Bt and the master line ia†-a-ti. g) Frequently, even if there is a squeeze of an inscription, it may not cover the whole area copied by Botta, thus not all of the copy has really been collated. In addition, the edges of the squeezes are generally the most damaged parts of them. Thus, the reader will sometimes find more signs with the siglum † in these areas.58 h) Squeezes and/or originals often show that a damaged area is greater or smaller in size than is indicated on Botta’s copies. Thus, where we have only Botta’s copy as evidence for a text or exemplar, the amount of restoration given at times in the master line may differ from what Botta’s copy would suggest, although for the most part this only amounts to one or two additional or fewer signs. In sum, unless we can confirm from a squeeze the accuracy of Winckler’s copy of a sign against Botta’s copy, Winckler’s copy is not normally accepted in the master line. In addition, most of the signs in the master line indicated with † or as being totally omitted, were probably damaged on the original (e.g., i†- should be (i)-[na]), but of course this cannot be proven unless the originals are recovered. It must be admitted that some tiny traces (or apparent traces) on the squeezes have not been noted in the scores. This occurs when the author was uncertain if they were or were not actual traces as opposed to damage on the original or to the squeeze. Since there are five exemplars of text no. 7 (Khorsabad Display Inscription), a score edition of that inscription is presented online; however, only one line is given for each exemplar in that score even though information on each exemplar can come from a variety of sources in addition to Botta’s copies in Monument de Ninive: Winckler’s copies collated from squeezes, squeezes still in existence in the Louvre, and fragments of the original slabs preserved in various museums (in particular the British Museum, Louvre, Oriental Institute [Chicago], and Museo delle Antichità Egizie [Turin]). The transliteration of each exemplar in the score is thus a conflation of information from all of the sources available for it and has been made to the best of the ability of the author, although he would admit that matters of uncertainty remain over numerous individual signs and words on any one exemplar. Even though the exact reading of the individual exemplars is a matter of uncertainty at numerous places, and the siglum † is thus frequently found in the scores, because there are five exemplars of the inscription, the overall reading of the text (i.e., the master line) is basically secure. For the inscriptions or exemplars that use more than one wall slab (text nos. 1–4 and 7–8),59 the catalogues list each slab separately, calling it a “section” and numbering the sections in consecutive order. For example, text no. 8 is split up into six sections numbered 1–6 to represent each of the six slabs needed for the inscription. Name In the past, the name of the king was often thought to mean “legitimate king” or “the king is legitimate” — arru-kn(u) or arru-k n(u) — and to have been taken by him following the death/murder of his brother in order to stress the new king’s right to the throne and to remind people of the earlier great ruler Sargon of Akkad. These assumptions are open to question. The king’s name is almost invariably written with logograms — (m)(d)LUGAL/MAN-GI.NA/GIN — which allows various different interpretations of the meaning of the name. On no occasion is the first element of his name written syllabically in cuneiform texts and on only a few occasions is the second element done so, some written in Assyria (A) and some in Babylonia (B); these are listed below:

























































58

These were probably also the most damaged areas on the originals. Text nos. 5 and 6 would have required more than one wall slab, but information only on all or part of one slab is known for either text. As noted with text no. 6, it is possible that that text comes from the same room as text no. 5, the palace throne room (Court VII).

59

20

Introduction

LUGAL-ú-kin

text no. 69 exs. 10 and 14 line 2 (A); text no. 70 line 2 (A); text no. 125 i 26 (B); Dietrich, SAA 17 no. 22 line 2 (=Harper, ABL no. 542) (B) and no. 39 lines 1 and 3 (=Harper, ABL no. 1016+CT 54 no. 470) (B) m LUGAL-ú-kin 3 R pl. 2 no. 1 rev. 10´ (=AAT pl. 29) (A); AAT pl. 47a (A) d LUGAL-ú-kin text no. 126 line 1 (B); text no. 128 line 4 (B) a LUGAL-ú-kin 3 R pl. 2 no. 5 line 9´ (A) m LUGAL-ú-[kin] 3 R pl. 2 no. 8 line 3´ (A) [LUGAL]-ú-kin Dietrich, SAA 17 no. 46 line 1 (=CT 54 no. 109) (B) and no. 88 line 2 (=CT 54 no. 331) (B) [mLUGAL]-ú-[kin] CT 30 pl. 28 K. 8014 rev. 14´ (A) m LUGAL-ú-kín Cole and Machinist, SAA 13 no. 134 line 10´ (=Harper, ABL no. 951; time of Esarhaddon or Ashurbanipal) (A) m MAN-ú-ki-in text no. 66 line 1 (A) [LUGAL-ke]-e-nu text no. 12 ex. 5 line 1 (variant) (A) While the spelling arru-kn is attested for Sargon I of Assyria, it is thus not clearly attested for Sargon II. As noted by Fuchs, the writers of the letters to Sargon listed above “would certainly have addressed their master in the most correct way.”60 In addition, a few of the texts using the writing -ú-kin were written by the wellknown royal scribe Nabû-zuqup-knu, who would surely not have written the name of the king incorrectly.61 Therefore, the name of Sargon II should most probably be understood to be arru-ukn and to mean “He (the god) made the king firm,” with only one (partially preserved) example indicating the reading arru-knu, “the legitimate/righteous/just/true king.”62 Since the name was not reserved only for rulers as has sometimes been thought,63 it may well have been Sargon’s birth name and not one that he took upon ascending the throne, although the latter possibility cannot be ruled out. The “king” originally referred to in the name would have been the ruler at the time of Sargon’s birth (possibly Aur-dn III).64 However, once Sargon had ascended the throne, the “king” might well have been re-interpreted to refer to him and encouraged the byform arru-knu, with its respective meaning(s). This new understanding of the name may be reflected in the following statement in the Khorsabad Cylinder: “In accordance with the saying of my name (k ma zikir umiya) that the great gods had given to me — to protect truth and justice, to guide the powerless, (and) to prevent the wrongful harming of the weak” (text no. 43 line 50). In this connection, it must be noted that in his inscriptions, Sargon II was sometimes given the epithets r’û knu, “the legitimate/righteous/just/true shepherd” (text no. 9 line 3, text no. 43 line 3, text no. 44 line 4 [partially restored], text no. 73 line 2, text no. 89 line 13, and probably text no. 117 i 22, as well as a few cases where it is likely to be restored), arru k nu, “the legitimate/righteous/just/true king” (text no. 65 line 114; Kataja and Whiting, SAA 12 no. 19 line 5´; see also the note to text no. 89 line 34), and rubû knu, “the legitimate/righteous/just/true prince” (text no. 82 vii 33´´), stressing his legitimacy/righteousness/justness/trueness to be king and reminding one of his name.65 A. Fuchs has argued that “Only a king who had won his throne by usurpation was in need of such epithets,”66 although this may simply indicate that his accession was in some way irregular or unexpected, and not that he had violently overthrown Shalmaneser V. The king’s name is written once in Aramaic as srgn on an impression of a seal belonging to one of Sargon’s eunuchs that was found at Khorsabad (text no. 2004 line 3) and once as shrkn on the Assur Ostracon.67 In the Hebrew scriptures, the name appears as sarg n (var. sargg n) in Isaiah 20:1.68 The name is rendered in the

























































60

PNA 3/2 p. 1239. 3 R pl. 2 nos. 1 and 5; AAT pl. 47a; and CT 30 pl. 28 K. 8014 (mostly restored). See also May, Studies Diakonoff pp. 110–164, especially pp. 124–125 and 127–129 nos. 1–2, 6, and 9; and Fuchs, Studies Volk pp. 75–77. 62 Some other translations that have also been proposed are “the truthful king” (Hurowitz, Studies Ephal pp. 114–115 and n. 28) and “the king is just” (see Frahm, Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem p. 205). 63 See PNA 3/2 p. 1247 sub arru-knu 3 for an official by this name — mLUGAL-ki-nu — in the time of Ashurbanipal. 64 Fuchs, PNA 3/2 p. 1239. 65 In the present volume k nu/knu is arbitrarily translated as “just” in these cases. With regard to Sargon’s name, see in particular Fuchs, PNA 3/2 pp. 1239–1240 sub arru-knu 2.I; Fuchs, RLA 12/1–2 (2009) pp. 51–53; Frahm, NABU 2005 pp. 46–50 no. 44; and Fuchs, Studies Volk pp. 71–75. 66 Fuchs, PNA 3/2 p. 1239. 67 Gibson, TSSI 2 p. 104 no. 20 line 15. 68 R. Kittel and P. Kahle, Biblia Hebraica, 3rd ed. (Stuttgart, 1945) p. 635. 61




Introduction

21

Septuagint by editorial conjecture as


, with the various
manuscripts having

, 
, 
, 
, or

; later Greek translations give it variously as
 
,  
, and
 
.69 Although it has at times been stated that Sargon II’s name was a throne name taken by him in order to connect himself with Sargon of Akkad, a famous earlier ruler who did not come from a royal line and yet came to rule a major kingdom and found a new dynasty, it should be noted, as pointed out by Frahm (NABU 2005 p. 50 n. 30), that none of Sargon II’s inscriptions ever mentions Sargon of Akkad. While he is called “the later (arkû) Sargon” in the date formulae of a few colophons and while the Ptolemaic canon does refer to him as Arkeanos (61/,45 genitive), which may be derived from arkû, in theory this could simply be an indication of the existence of the (admittedly not-well-known and less significant) Old Assyrian king Sargon I instead of Sargon of Akkad.70 There have been attempts to date the Sargon Legend and Sargon Geography to the reign of Sargon II and to consider them to reflect that ruler’s political ideology.71 While these texts may very well come from the time of Sargon II, this has not yet been proven conclusively. The length of the wall of Sargon’s new capital Dr-arrukn72 is stated to be 16,280 cubits in four texts: ÁR ÁR ÁR ÁR GÉ.U GÉ.U GÉ.U 1 U 1 NINDA 2 KÙ in text no. 9 lines 79–80 and text no. 8 line 40 (partially restored) and ÁR ÁR ÁR ÁR GÉ.U GÉ.U GÉ.U 1 U 3 qa-ni 2 KÙ in text no. 43 line 65 and text no. 44 line 47 (mostly restored).73 In texts 43 and 44, the number is said to be ni-bit MU-ia “(corresponding to) the rendering of my name,” or more literally “(corresponding to) the saying/pronunciation of my name.”74 Although various proposals have been made by scholars over the years to explain how this would work, 75 none has been convincing, although, as noted by Fuchs and other scholars, a connection between the sign ÁR and the first part of Sargon’s name (arru) would seem likely.76 Family It has frequently been stated that Sargon was either not a son of Tiglath-pileser III or only an illegitimate one. This was based on the view that his name was a throne name meaning “legitimate king” — suggesting that he was not in fact one — that he usually never mentioned the name of his father in his royal inscriptions, and that his accession to the throne did not take place in a smooth manner. As already noted, the actual writings of his name indicate a different meaning for his name. While it is true that Sargon almost never mentions the name of his father in his royal inscriptions, text no. 66, found on several wall plaques from Aur, does refer to him as the son of Tiglath-pileser (A mtukul-ti-A-é-ár-ra MAN KUR a-ur-ma). Tiglath-pileser and Sennacherib also rarely mention the name of their respective fathers (likely Adad-nrr III and Sargon II respectively) in their royal inscriptions77 and it has never been suggested that they were illegitimate.78 Moreover, a Babylonian letter



























































69 J. Ziegler, Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum Auctoritate Academiae Scientiarum Gottingensis editum, volume 14: Isaias, 3d ed. (Göttingen, 1983) p. 192. 70 See Hunger, Kolophone nos. 294, 297, and 313; May, Studies Diakonoff pp. 110–164, especially pp. 116–117 and Appendix 2 nos. 1–2, 5, 6, 20, 32, 35–37, 40, 42, 45–46, and 50–51; and Fuchs, Studies Volk pp. 69–86, especially pp. 75–77. The colophons are primarily on texts written by the royal scribe Nabû-zuqup-knu, For the writing 61/,45 in the Ptolemaic Canon, see below. 71 E.g., Lewis, Sargon Legend pp. 97–107; Horowitz, Cosmic Geography pp. 92–93; Van De Mieroop, Studies Renger pp. 327–339; Galter, Studies Haider pp. 279–302. 72 The name of the city is always written with logograms in Sargon’s royal inscriptions and thus we should perhaps give its name as Drarru-ukn rather than Dr-arrukn. A number of economic texts and letters write the last element of the place name syllabically or partially syllabically; however, it is often uncertain if these texts are referring to Sargon’s city or to the city Dr-arrukku in northern Babylonia. Note in particular Kwasman and Parpola, SAA 6 no. 106 rev. 8 [URU.BÀD-LUGA]L-ú-k[in], in connection with the eponym for 693. Two instances, for example, which might refer to Khorsabad are URU.BÀD-sa-ru-uk-ka and BÀD-MAN-ka (Fales and Postgate, SAA 11 no. 94 rev. 4 and no. 133 ii 18´ respectively); suggestion courtesy M. Worthington. See also Fuchs, Studies Volk p. 71 n. 15. 73 Text no. 8 line 40 has ÁR ÁR ÁR ÁR GÉ.U GÉ.U GÉ.U [1 U 1 1/2 NINDA 2 KÙ] and text no. 44 line 47 has [ÁR ÁR ÁR ÁR GÉ.U GÉ.U] GÉ[.U 1 U] (3) qa-ni 2 KÙ. 74 CAD N/2 p. 202 translates nib t umiya as “(corresponding to) the spelling of my name.” 75 For example, W. von Soden (Aus Sprache pp. 334–335 n. 33) suggested that the number might reflect the number of days Sargon had been alive (ca. 44.6 years) at the time. 76 Fuchs, Khorsabad pp. 294–295 n. 88. For other recent discussions of this riddle, see Pearce, JAOS 116 (1996) 462; De Odorico, Numbers pp. 140–141; Morenz in Morenz and Bosshard-Nepustil, Herrscherpräsentation pp. 200–201; and Radner, Macht des Namens pp. 130–131. M. Roaf and M. Worthington are both preparing detailed studies of the problem with possible solutions. 77 For Tiglath-pileser III, see Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 p. 148 Tiglath-pileser no. 58 line 2. For Sennacherib, see Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 pp. 170 no. 135 line 2 (restored) and p. 232 no. 163 line 5´. See also Frahm, Sanherib pp. 194–195 and Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem p. 175. Esarhaddon, Ashurbanipal, ama-uma-ukn, and Sîn-arru-ikun did refer to Sargon as being their ancestor (see Fuchs, PNA 3/2 pp. 1246–1247) and Ashurbanipal affirms that he, and thus also Sargon, was a descendant of Bl-bni son of Adsi (e.g., Novotny and Jeffers, RINAP 5/1 p. 220 no. 10 v 38–40). Therefore, Sargon was also a member of the long-established Assyrian royal family.

22

Introduction

to Sargon ([a-na LUGAL]-ú-kin LUGAL [KUR.KUR], Dietrich, SAA 17 no. 46 line 1 [=CT 54 no. 109]) refers to Tiglath-pileser as the king’s father (tukul-ti-IBILA-(é)-[ár-ra] / (LUGAL AD)-ka, ibid. rev. 10–11),79 which would seem to settle the issue. Certainly, his accession to the throne may not have taken place in a normal manner. Based upon the Aur Charter (text no. 89), the chief god had brought about the end of Shalmaneser V’s brief reign because of the latter’s impious actions against the citizens of the city of Aur and the god had then made Sargon the new king; however, this does not prove that he was not a son of Tiglath-pileser or a member of the royal family. It is not known who Sargon’s mother was, although it seems unlikely that it was Tiglath-pileser’s wife Yabâ.80 A Late Babylonian literary letter likely from Nabopolassar to Sîn-arru-ikun threatens the latter for Sennacherib’s actions against Babylonia (Akkad) and refers to “Sennacherib, son of Sargon, offspring of a houseborn slave (dumû) from Babylon.” Lambert says that this shows that Sargon was the son of a Babylonian slave, although he does also note that the whole letter may be an ancient work of fiction.81 However, this statement might well be simply a piece of Babylonian invective towards the Assyrian royal family and, in any case, might be intended to refer to Sennacherib as the son of a slave, not Sargon.82 There is no evidence to support the idea proposed by Campbell Thompson that Sargon had served as governor of the city Aur during the time of his brother Shalmaneser V.83 In fact, there is no evidence to show that he had held any office under his father or brother. It is not known if Sargon was a full brother or a half-brother of Shalmaneser V. Another brother of Sargon’s was Sîn-a#u-u%ur, who served as his grand vizier (sukkalmau and sukkallu rabû), had a large palace within the citadel area at Khorsabad (Residence L), and claimed to be Sargon’s favorite brother (ta-lim).84 The Sîn-a#u-u%ur whose cavalry contingent accompanied Sargon in the fight against the Urar'ian Rusâ (text no. 65 lines 132–133) is likely to be identified with Sargon’s brother. According to Babylonian King List A, Shalmaneser V was a member of the dynasty Baltil, while Sargon’s son and successor Sennacherib was a member of the "abigal (presumably for "anigalbat) dynasty. Sargon himself is given no dynastic affiliation, which could mean that he was considered by whatever Babylonians compiled the king list to be from the previously mentioned Assyrian dynasty (Baltil) or possibly from the same one as his son.85 Ataliya (text no. 2001), a wife of Sargon II, was buried at Kal#u, possibly suggesting that she died before the completion of the palace at Khorsabad.86 Her name may suggest that she was of Northwest Semitic or Arab origin.87 If read correctly, Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/2 p. 364 no. 2001, may refer to another wife of Sargon, one Ra’mâ, who appears to have been the mother of his son and successor Sennacherib.88 As noted by Frahm, Sargon must have been born “not much later than around 765” since his son Sennacherib, who was not the first of Sargon’s sons, must have been born around 745 in order to have been made crown prince during Sargon’s lifetime and to have installed his own heir (Aur-ndin-umi) as ruler of Babylon in 700.89






















































































































































































78 E. Frahm (NABU 2005 no. 44 pp. 47–48) points out that there is a different pattern of royal name giving after Sargon than the one that had existed up until then and he suggests that the shift “may reflect an awareness on the part of the Late Assyrian rulers that they had entered a new political age.” 79 Thomas, Studies Bergerhof pp. 465–470. 80 For Yabâ, see Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 pp. 164–167 Tiglath-pileser nos. 2003–2005. For the case against Yabâ being the mother of Sargon, see Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem p. 185. 81 Gerardi, AfO 33 (1986) pp. 30–38 BM 55467 rev. 7; Lambert, Studies Grayson p. 202 (note his collation to the end of the line in his n. 14). 82 If it is Sargon who is meant by “offspring of a houseborn slave,” this would seem to mean that Tiglath-pileser III had been a slave. Since the form dumû (du-u-mu-ú) is used, not dum tu, it should refer to the individual’s father, not his mother, as having been a slave. On the matter of Sargon’s parentage, see also Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates p. 176. 83 Thompson, Iraq 4 (1937) pp. 40–42. 84 See text nos. 2002–2003. 85 See n. 156 below. 86 E. Frahm (in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem pp. 185–186) raises the possibility that the reason Ataliya’s body had apparently been conserved by some process prior to its burial might be that Ataliya accompanied Sargon on his final campaign in 705 and been killed in Tabal along with her husband; her body had then been treated to conserve it during transport back to Assyria. He also raises the possibility that the fact that the burial took place “in a somewhat haphazard way” might be the result of “the unstable political situation (and Sennacherib’s unfriendly feelings towards her?).” Frahm also notes, however, that this scenario may be “nothing but speculation.” It is worth wondering how likely it would be that Ataliya’s body would have been recovered by the Assyrians for burial but not Sargon’s (see below), although of course the enemy may well have made greater efforts to prevent the king’s body being recovered than that of a woman, even if she was the king’s wife. 87 On the question of the origin and meaning of the name Ataliya, see the introduction to text no. 2001. 88 With regard to Ra’mâ, see Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem pp. 179–182. He suggests that she may have come from "arrn or somewhere near there. 89 NABU 2005 pp. 46–50 no. 44, especially p. 47.




Introduction

23

At least two children of Sargon’s are clearly attested: his heir Sennacherib and a daughter who made a political marriage; however, Sennacherib’s name — “The god Sîn has replaced the brothers” — indicates that Sargon had had at least two previous sons who died before Sennacherib’s birth. Moreover, a letter to Sargon from one "unnî refers to “Sennacherib, the crown prince … [and all] the princes/children of the king (DUMU.ME MAN) (who are) [in] Assyria” (Parpola, SAA 1 no. 133 lines 9–11 [=Harper, ABL no. 216]), indicating that Sennacherib had more than one brother/sibling. While Sargon was likely off on campaign, Sennacherib remained in Assyria and sent a number of reports to his father (Parpola, SAA 1 nos. 29–40). These reports concentrate on matters to the north of Assyria, in particular events in Urar'u, Kummu, and Ukku, but they also involve domestic matters, the receipt of tribute from Ashdod, and the arrival of emissaries from Kummu#u (Commagene), as well as various other matters. Fuchs has argued that the earliest of these letters must date no later than 710, which would suggest that Sennacherib had been appointed crown prince by that year.90 In order to gain the support of "ullî, the king of Tabal, a daughter of Sargon’s was given in marriage to Ambaris, "ullî’s son. Ambaris was also made ruler of the city/land "ilakku (e.g., text no. 1 lines 194–198 and text no. 2 lines 226–230). Following the death of "ullî, however, Ambaris conspired with the rulers of Musku and Urar'u and was overthrown by Sargon in 713. It is not known what happened to his wife. A letter to Sargon from his son Sennacherib refers to a message of the major-domo (rab b ti) of A#t-aba arriving from Tabal (Parpola, SAA 1 no. 31 rev. 26–29 [=Harper, ABL 197]) and this A#t-aba has often been assumed to be Sargon’s daughter; however, this remains uncertain.91 Accession to the Throne The Babylonian Chronicle states: “The fifth year (722): Shalmaneser (V) died in the month &ebtu (X). Shalmaneser (V) ruled Akkad and Assyria for five years. On the twelfth day of the month &ebtu, Sargon (II) ascended the throne in Assyria. In the month Nisannu (I), Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan) ascended the throne in Babylon.” It is not known how Shalmaneser died, whether as the result of natural causes or an accident, or whether killed, either on the battlefield or as the result of some palace conspiracy.92 There is some evidence, however, that would suggest that the change in rule did not take place in a smooth manner. In the Aur Charter (text no. 89), one of Sargon’s earliest royal inscriptions, Sargon states that Shalmaneser had “with evil intent … imposed oppressively (state) service (and) corvée-duty” upon the people of the city of Aur and “treated (them) as if they were of low rank” and that it was because of this that the chief god had overthrown him and appointed Sargon to be ruler. Sargon then claims that he restored the city of Aur’s privileges. 93 This direct criticism of the preceding ruler, a close relative of the new ruler, is unprecedented in Assyrian royal inscriptions and may well suggest that something untoward had occurred at the time of the change of rulership. Sargon may have been involved in deposing Shalmaneser, but there is no other indication of this beyond the fact that he benefited from Shalmaneser’s death by becoming the new ruler. Shalmaneser’s actions with regard to the city of Aur (assuming that Sargon’s statements are accurate) may or may not have been connected with the change in rule, but Sargon was likely attempting to gain the support of the citizens of that important city by granting/renewing their privileges. Early in his reign, Sargon had mercy on 6,300 Assyrian criminals (bl ii) and settled them in the land Hamath. Exactly what their crime(s) had been is not stated, but it is possible that they had not supported Sargon’s accession to the throne.94 It was likely uncertainty/problems in Assyria at the time of the change of ruler that encouraged the Chaldean Marduk-apla-iddina (II), likely the grandson of the earlier ruler of Babylon Erba-Marduk, to seize the throne in Babylon and remove Babylonia from Assyrian control. Military Campaigns The chronology for the reign of Sargon and the dating of his various campaigns is based for the most part upon the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle, a Babylonian chronicle, and statements in his royal inscriptions assigning

























































90

Fuchs in Biainili-Urar'u p. 137 no. 1.7 and pp. 155–157. For a discussion of Sennacherib’s actions and life as crown prince, see Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem pp. 197–201. 91 See Fuchs in Biainili-Urar'u p. 155. 92 See Mayer, Studies Loretz pp. 545–547. With regard to the accession of Sargon, see Vera Chamaza SAAB 6 (1992) pp. 21–33. 93 G. Vera Chamaza (SAAB 6 [1992] pp. 25–29) raised the possibility that the taxation policies of Shalmaneser V and his predecessors may have been in place for some time, but had resulted in discontent among the temple elites. 94 Text no. 84 line 20´, text no. 103 ii 61–65, text no. 105 ii´ 5–12, and text no. 108 Frgm. E. See for example Fuchs, PNA 3/2 p. 1240.

24

Introduction

campaigns to particular regnal years (palû).95 It must be noted that the dating of the campaigns in the Khorsabad Annals (in particular text nos. 1–4) and the Najafabad Stele (text no. 117) is different to that in the Aur Prism (text no. 63), the Nineveh Prism (text no. 82), and a tablet fragment (text no. 102), with the former sources in general citing the campaigns one regnal year later than the latter and with the former’s assignments better fitting the information found in the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle and Babylonian chronicle than does that of the latter.96 According to his annals, at the beginning of his reign Sargon defeated the city Samaria, deported a large number of its inhabitants, and then resettled the city and annexed it to Assyria proper, appointing one of his eunuchs as governor. Exactly when Samaria fell to the Assyrians — whether in the time of Shalmaneser V or Sargon II — and how many campaigns there were against Samaria have been matters of intense scholarly discussion and will not be treated here.97 However, it is quite reasonable to assume that the deportation of the Israelites occurred at least in part during the reign of Sargon. Several actions carried out early in his reign may have been intended to reverse actions taken by his predecessor and set his own stamp on affairs. Among these may be the reopening of trade with Egypt and the reinstallation of "ullî as ruler of Tabal.98 During his first regnal year (721) Sargon does not appear to have carried out a major military campaign, likely because he needed to remain in the Assyrian heartland and consolidate his hold on the throne.99 In Babylonia, the Chaldean Marduk-apla-iddina (II) used the uncertainty in Assyria to ascend the throne in Babylon and regain Babylonia’s independence that had been lost in the time of Tiglath-pileser III.100 The Khorsabad Annals do attribute two military actions to Sargon’s first regnal year (721), a battle against the Elamites at Dr and an action against the Aramean Tu’umuna tribe, who lived in northern Babylonia.101 However, the Aur Charter (text no. 89 lines 16–17a) and the Babylonian Chronicle state that the battle at Dr actually took place in his second regnal year (720), and it is possible that the Tu’umuna were attacked in connection with that battle. The Assyrians had presumably moved south to deal with Marduk-apla-iddina’s rebellion in Babylonia and were opposed by the latter’s Elamite allies led by Ummaniga ("umban-nika I). The composer(s) of the annals may not have wanted to suggest that Sargon had been dilatory in dealing with Marduk-apla-iddina’s rebellion in Babylonia and thus ascribed the battle to the previous year. According to the Babylonian chronicle the Elamite king inflicted a major defeat upon the Assyrians and forced them to retreat. Marduk-apla-iddina (II) and his troops are said to have arrived too late for the battle. Although Assyrian inscriptions state that the battle resulted in an Assyrian victory, it was clearly at best a stalemate since Babylonia remained independent for ten more years.102 Interestingly, Marduk-apla-iddina, whose army does



























































95 Translations of the relevant sections of the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle and the Babylonian chronicle that deal with the reign of Sargon are found at the end of this chapter. For good overviews of Sargon’s campaigns, see Fuchs, RLA 12/1–2 (2009) pp. 53–58 and PNA 3/2 pp. 1240–1244. The recent books by F. Maniori (Campagne di Sargon), S. Melville (Campaigns of Sargon) and J. Elayi (Sargon II) present more detailed studies of these campaigns. Note also G.B. Lanfranchi’s article on Sargon’s foreign policy in CRRA 39 pp. 81–87, T. Dezsö’s article on Sargon’s army (SAAB 15 [2006] pp. 93–140), S. Ponchia’s study of mountain routes in Sargon’s campaigns (SAAB 15 [2006] pp. 231– 245), and A. Bagg’s study of Sargon’s western campaigns (Bagg, Assyrer und das Westland pp. 233–244 and maps 4.26–4.30. 96 The Aur Prism, the Nineveh Prism, and the tablet fragment are all damaged and actually preserve specific mentions of only a few regnal years (Aur Prism: 6th and 8th regnal years; Nineveh Prism: 8th and 9th regnal years; tablet fragment: 5th regnal year). While the Nineveh Prism dates the campaign against Karalla and Ellipi to the eighth regnal year, as opposed to the ninth regnal year in the Khorsabad Annals, it assigns the campaigns to Gurgum and against Imn of Ashdod to Sargon’s ninth regnal year (text no. 82 vii 13´– 4´´´´), rather than to his eleventh regnal year as in the Annals. For the use of the term palû in Assyrian royal inscriptions and in those of Sargon in particular, see Tadmor, JCS 12 (1958) pp. 22–33 and Fuchs, SAAS 8 pp. 81–96. 97 For the various theories and for bibliographical references for them, see for example Elayi, Sargon II pp. 48–50 and note also various articles in the recent book Last Days (in particular the article by Frahm on pp. 55–86). 98 Text no. 1 lines 12b–18a (heavily restored from the following texts), text no. 7 lines 23b–25a, and text no. 74 iv 25–49. Text no. 1 lines 17b–18a assign the reopening of a sealed harbor in Egypt and the subsequent trading between Assyrians and Egyptians to Sargon’s accession year (722), but this may have occurred later, possibly after the campaign to Gaza in his second year (Elayi, Sargon II p. 56) or in his sixth regnal year (Melville, Campaigns of Sargon pp. xv, 93 and 196). With regard to this trading post, see Ephal, Arabs pp. 101–104. For the reinstallation of "ullî, see text no. 1 lines 194a–198a and text no. 2 lines 226b–230a, where it is mentioned as having happened in the past. Note also May, SAAB 21 (2015) pp. 79–116 with regard to administrative changes in the reign of Sargon II (and also that of Tiglathpileser III). 99 Note however Tadmor’s suggestion that the line for 721 in the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle read “[Against the land "att]i”; however, he had assumed that that line was for 720, not 721 (see below). 100 See for example, text no. 1 lines 262b–268a, text no. 2 lines 287b–297a, text no. 3 lines 13´b–15´, and text no. 7 lines 121b–124a. 101 Text no. 1 lines 18b–23a. See also text no. 81 lines 1–4a, text no. 43 line 18, and text no. 76 line 11´, which also mention actions against a second tribe, the Ta. Text no. 81 (Mosul Annals) places the episode involving the Ta in the regnal year before the one in which the campaign against Hamath took place, although the regnal year number is not preserved for either event. 102 A Babylonian chronicle likely states that Assyria (or Sargon) was hostile towards Marduk-apla-iddina from his accession year until his tenth year (see below).

Introduction




25

Table 1: Inscriptions Citing Events by Regnal and Eponym Years103 Year

Regnal Year

Event

Text 1

722

721 720

719 718 717

716

715

Acc.

1 2

3 4 5

6

7

714

8

713

9

Accession Samaria Opening of a harbor in Egypt

3

4

5

6

63

81

82

89

102

117

AEC

BC Acc.

Acc. Acc.

Dr Tu’umuna, (Ta) Hamath Gaza, Raphia Mannea, Zikirtu inu#tu/Tabal Carchemish Mannea, Ppa, Lallukna Founding of Drarrukn Death of Ummaniga and accession of utrukNa##unte II in Elam Mannea, Karalla, Allabria. "ar#ar Gift from ilkanni of Egypt Urar'u, Mannea, Andia, Media Ionians, Que Arabs Tribute from Pir’û, Samsi, and It’amar Provincial governors appointed Mannea, Urar'u, Mu%a%ir Karalla, Ellipi, "ab#u, Media Mu%a%ir

























































103

2

[1] [1] 2 2 3 4 5 5

2 [1] [2]

[5]

2

2

[3] 4 5 5

[2]

[4]

3 4 5

[4]

[5] 5

[6]

7

[6]

7

6

[5]

[5]

[5]

[5]

6

[6]

5

[6]

[6]

7 7 7 [7] 8

[8]

[7]

[7]

[8]

[9]

9

8

8

[9] [9]

Text nos.: 1 = Annals of Room II; 2 = Annals of Room V; 3 = Annals of Room XIII; 4 = Annals of Room XIV; 5 = Annals of the Throne Room; 6 = Annals of an Unknown Room; 63 = Aur Prism; 81 = Mosul Annals; 82 = Nineveh Prism; 89 = Aur Charter; 102 = Tablet Fragment A 16947; 117 = Najafabad Stele; AEC = Assyrian Eponym Chronicle; and BC = Babylonian Chronicle (Grayson, Chronicles no. 1). If the regnal year in which an event occurred is mentioned in the text, the number of the regnal year is given. If the regnal year is not preserved but can be determined reliably due to the mention of a preceding or subsequent regnal year in the text, the number of the regnal year is given in square brackets. If the text preserves all or part of the account of the event (but does not mention the regnal year), it is given a check mark (
). The Assyrian Eponym Chronicle assigns the indicated events to particular eponymies and these have been converted into regnal years. An asterisk (*) means that the event is described after the account of Sargon’s campaign in his thirteenth regnal year (709), with the first event thus indicated (military actions by the Assyria governor of Que against Musku) said to have been conducted while the king was occupied defeating the Chaldeans and Arameans of the Eastern Sea and fighting Elam (text no 1 lines 444b–445a and text no. 2 line 428a). For the most part, the year to which they are assigned here follows the views proposed by other recent scholars (in particular Fuchs), although some scholars have differing views. For example, Elayi (Sargon II p. 243) places the Que/Musku and Tyre/Cyprus events in 710– 709 and 709 respectively, rather than in 708. The episode in the annals involving Kummu#u, which is in the same section in the Khorsabad Annals, can be assigned to Sargon’s fourteenth regnal year (708) because the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle states that that city was captured in that year.

26

Year

712

Introduction

Regnal Year

10

711

11

710

12

709

708

707

706

705

13

14

15

16

17

Event Tabal/Bt-Puruta [DN] entered his new temple Melid, Kammanu Anatolian metallic resources King stayed in the land Gurgum/Marqasa Ashdod Dr-Abi-#ra, Babylonia Bt-zri; king stayed in Kish Babylonia, DrYakn Gift from Upri of Dilmun King took the hands of Bl *Que, Musku *Tyre, Cyprus Kummu#u King stayed in the land (Babylonia) *Ellipi King returned from Babylon Dr-Yakn looted and destroyed Gods entered Drarrukn Return of gods of the Sealand Plague in Assyria King stayed in the land Karalla Dr-arrukn inaugurated Tabal Death of Sargon Accession of Sennacherib

Text 1 [9]

2 9

10 10

[10] [10]

3

4

5

6

63

81

82 8

89

102

117

AEC

BC

9 9 [10]

11 11 12

[11] [11] 12

[11] [11] 12

9 9

[11]

[12]

12 [12]

[13]

[13]

[13]

[13]

[13]

13

[13]












13

[14] 14 15 15




15 15 15 16




16 16 17 17 17

[17]

not appear to have taken part in the battle, seems to claim for himself the victory over the Assyrians in one of his inscriptions.104 During Sargon’s second regnal year (720), the Assyrians did put down a rebellion at Qarqar in the west led by Ilu-bi’d (Ia-bi’d) of Hamath, who had incited the important cities of Arpad, $imirra, Damascus, and Samaria against Assyria. "annu ("anno), the vassal ruler of Gaza, made an alliance with Egypt and also

























































104

Frame, RIMB 2 p. 137 B.6.21.1 lines 16–18; note Brinkman in Studies Oppenheim pp. 14–15. See also text no. 7 line 23b.




Introduction

27

rebelled against Assyria. Their forces were defeated at the city Raphia (modern Rafa!). The Egyptian commander, R’e, fled and Raphia was looted and then demolished.105 The campaigns in Sargon’s third and fourth regnal years (719 and 718) were directed at the east and northwest respectively. In 719, he provided help to the Mannean ruler Iranzi. Two of the latter’s cities had allied with Mitatti of the land Zikirtu and rebelled. In addition to demolishing the two cities, Sargon deported people from three other cities that had allied with the Urar'ian king Rusâ.106 In the northwest, the various cities and states were under pressure from both Musku (Phrygia) and Urar'u to oppose Assyria. Because Kiakki, king of the city inu#tu in the land Tabal, had allied with Mitâ of Musku and withheld his tribute, in 718 Sargon devastated his city, took him and his family captive, and granted the city to Kurtî of the land Atuna.107 In Sargon’s fifth regnal year (717), campaigns were directed both to the northwest and to the east. Pisris of Carchemish attempted to ally with Mitâ of Musku and rebelled, but was defeated. Assyrians were settled in Carchemish and the yoke of the god Aur imposed on them. People of the Mannean cities Papa and Lallukna who had allied with the land Kakmê against Assyria were deported and resettled in Damascus.108 One version of a Babylonian chronicle has an entry for 717 stating that someone or some country, likely Sargon or Assyria, was hostile to the Babylonian king Marduk-apla-iddina (II) from his accession year until his tenth year, i.e., from 722 until 712. Another version of the chronicle puts this entry in the following year, the sixth regnal year (716). It is not clear why such a statement would be recorded under the fifth or sixth regnal year and not earlier, at the time Marduk-apla-iddina took control of Babylon, or why it refers to the hostility ending in 712 when Sargon invaded Babylonia in 710. The campaigns in Sargon’s sixth through ninth regnal years (716–713) were mainly directed to the north and east, against the Urar'ian ruler Rusâ and his allies. Rusâ had presumably been involved in the overthrow and murder of Azâ, the king of Mannea, by two of the latter’s governors, and with the appointment of Aza’s brother Ullusunu to be the new ruler of Mannea. In 716, Sargon defeated those two Mannean governors and, as a result, Ullusunu submitted to Sargon and was left in office. Sargon also dealt with Aur-l’i of Karalla and Ittî of Allabria, the rulers of two lands to the south of Mannea, who had listened to Ullusunu and also allied with Rusâ. The cities Kiesim and "ar#ar were annexed to Assyria and renamed Kr-Nergal and Kr-arrukn respectively. At this time, Sargon claims to have received tribute from twenty-eight city lords of the powerful Medes.109 The Assyrians erected the Najafabad Stele (text no. 117) during the course this campaign in order to commemorate it. In the same year, some action may have taken place in the Palestinian area. Although nothing about this is reported in the Khorsabad Annals for that year, the end of the account for the year in the Aur and Nineveh Prism inscriptions refers to people being settled near the Brook of Egypt under the authority of the sheikh of Laban and to the king of Egypt ilkanni bringing an audience gift to Sargon.110 In 715, Sargon’s seventh regnal year, twenty-two Mannean fortresses that Rusâ had seized from Ullusunu were recovered and annexed to Assyria. Dayukku, a Mannean governor who had been incited to rebel against Ullusunu by Rusâ, was captured and deported. Various other places in the lands on the borders of Urar'u, including in the land Andia, were conquered. Sargon claims to have erected an image of himself in the Mannean capital Izirtu and to have received tribute from twenty-two Median city rulers. According to Sargon’s Annals, in the same year the Assyrians also defeated some Ionians who had been raiding Que (Cilicia) and Tyre, recovered several cities of Que that the Muskian Mitâ had taken away, and defeated some Arab tribes who lived in the desert, resettling them in Samaria; these campaigns were likely led by Assyrian officials and not by the king himself. Sargon then boasts of having received tribute from the Egyptian Pir’û (i.e., pharaoh), the Arabian queen Samsi, and It’amar, the ruler of the land of the Sabaeans.111 According to the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle,



























































105 Text no. 1 lines 23b–57, text no. 7 lines 25b–26 and 33–36a, text no. 73 line 8, text no. 81 lines 4b–20, text no. 84 lines 18´–20´, text no. 89 lines 17b–29, text no. 103 ii 51–65, text no. 105 ii´ 1´–12´, text no. 108 Frgm. D 1´–9´, and text no. 117 ii 4–13a. Likely also text no. 106. With regard to the Assyrian campaign in this year, see most recently Cogan, IEJ 67 (2017) pp. 151–167. 106 Text no. 1 lines 58–68a, text no. 4 lines 1´–6´a, text no. 7 lines 48 and 57, and text no. 117 ii 13b–16. 107 Text no. 1 lines 68b–71, text no. 4 lines 6´b–12´, text no. 7 lines 28–29a, text no. 74 iv 50–58, and text no. 117 ii 17–19. 108 Text no. 1 lines 72–78a, text no. 2 lines 69–70a, text no. 4 lines 13´–20´a, text no. 73, text no. 74 iv 13–24, text no. 102 line 2´–14´, text no. 109, and text no. 117 ii 20–22a. Note also text no. 1010. 109 Text no. 1 lines 78b–100, text no. 2 lines 70b–95a, text no. 4 lines 20´b–45´, text no. 7 lines 36b–42a, 49a, 50–51, 55–56 and 58–64a, text no. 63 i´ 1´–22´, text no. 74 ii 1–20´, text no. 82 iii 1´–12´´, text no. 102 line 15´, and text no. 117 ii 22b–71. See also text no. 72. 110 Text no. 63 ii´ 1´-11´ and no. 82 iii 1´´´–8´´´. It is not impossible that the people settled near the Brook of Egypt were people deported from Mannea and the Zagros region. ilkanni may be Osorkon IV, the last ruler of Egypt’s twenty-second dynasty; see Schwemer, PNA 3/2 pp. 1421–1422 sub Usilkanu 1. 111 Text no. 1 lines 101–126, text no. 2 lines 95b–101, text no. 7 lines 27, 44–45a, 49b, 52–54 and 64b–67a, text no. 63 ii´ 12´–25´, text no. 74 v 34–40, and text no. 82 iii 9´´´–17´´´.

28

Introduction

provincial governors were appointed in this year, but nothing further is known about that action or if it was connected to Assyrian campaigns in some way. In Sargon’s eighth regnal year (714), he conducted his best documented campaign, heading east into the Zagros, traversing Mannea, defeating Mitatti of Zikirtu, and then proceeding north into Urar'u itself, where he defeated the Urar'ian king Rusâ on Mount Uau. While he may or may not have gone all the way around Lake Urmia during the course of the campaign, he certainly claims to have ravaged several Urar'ian districts. On the way home, and in response to omens, he marched to the religious center Mu%a%ir, and then captured and thoroughly looted it, making its ruler Urzana flee in order to save his life. Details of this campaign were reported to the god Aur in a formal letter (text no. 65).112 In the following year (713), Sargon continued to consolidate his rule in the Zagros region, campaigning in Ellipi, Media, and Karalla, receiving tribute from the rulers of Mannea, Ellipi, and Allabria, as well as forty-five Median city rulers, and annexing the land "ab#u. Although it is not mentioned in any royal inscription, Assyrian forces presumably also attacked Mu%a%ir during this campaign since the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle states “[again]st the city Mu%a%ir” as part of its entry for 713.113 In the same year, Ambaris, king of Bt-Puruta in the land Tabal, an individual who had been granted the great honor of receiving a daughter of Sargon’s in marriage, allied with the kings of Urar'u and Musku, Rusâ and Mitâ, as well as with rulers of other principalities within Tabal, and rebelled. Assyrian troops that were presumably led by local governors defeated him. Ambaris and his family were carried off to Assyria, and the area was resettled and annexed to Assyria. Kurtî, the ruler of Atuna, to whom Sargon had given the city inu#tu during his fourth campaign (719), had apparently joined the rebellion, trusting in the support of Mitâ; however, learning of the defeat of Ambaris, he immediately submitted to Sargon.114 According to the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle, in Sargon’s tenth regnal year (712) the king remained in the land (i.e., Assyria). Sargon’s Khorsabad Annals, however, recount a campaign (presumably not led by the king himself) to the northwest against Tar#un-azi of the city Melid and the land Kammanu, whom Sargon had made ruler instead of Gunzinnu in the past but who had allied with Mitâ of Musku against Assyria. Melid and the city of Til-Garimme were captured, and Tar#un-azi and his family were taken prisoner to Assyria. The area was annexed to Assyria and Til-Garimme was resettled with people from other lands. Several cities in the region were strengthened in order to defend against Urar'ian and Muskian actions and the city Melid was given to Mutallu of the land Kummu#u.115 Sargon’s Annals describe the rich metallic resources found in the region that were brought to his new capital Dr-arrukn.116 In the following year, Sargon’s eleventh regnal year (711), Assyrian attention was again drawn to the northwest and west. Tar#u-lara of the land Gurgum, who had been defeated by Tiglath-pileser III and made an Assyrian vassal, was killed by his own son Mutallu. The Assyrians marched to Gurgum’s capital Marqasa and carried off Mutallu and his family as booty. According to the Khorsabad Annals, Gurgum was then annexed to Assyria, but two other inscription of Sargon’s state that that had happened earlier in his reign.117 Desirous of no longer having to send tribute to Assyria, Azri, the ruler of Ashdod, had rebelled against Assyria and sought to win support from other vassal rulers in the area (kings of Philistia, Judah, Edom, and Moab) and from the Egyptian pharaoh. Because of this, Sargon had removed him from the throne and made his brother A#-Mti the new ruler. The latter, however, was deposed by the inhabitants of the city and replaced by Imn (or Iadna). Assyrian troops moved south, and hearing of this, Imn fled to Egypt for refuge. Ashdod, as well as the nearby cities of Gath and Ashdod-Yam, were captured by the Assyrians, looted, and annexed to Assyria.118 The campaigns during Sargon’s twelfth and thirteenth regnal years (710–709) were concentrated on the south, to deal with the Chaldean Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan) and to recover Babylonia for the



























































112 See also text no. 1 lines 127–165a, text no. 2 lines 188–195a, text no. 7 lines 42b–43, 45b–47, 72b–78a (the suicide of Rusâ likely took place later, in 713), text no. 63 iii´ 1´–12´, text no. 74 iii 1–41, text no. 82 iv 1–v 6, and text no. 103 ii 39–50. 113 With regard to the Assyrian conquest of, and control over, Mu%a%ir, in particular after the eighth campaign, see Dubovsky, SAAB 15 (2006) pp. 141–146. 114 Text no. 1 lines 165b–204a, text no. 2 lines 195b–235, text no. 7 lines 29b–32 and 67b–72a, text no. 63 iii´ 13´–14´, text no. 74 iii 42–56 and v 13–33, text no. 82 v 7–vii 12´, and text no. 112. 115 Text no. 1 lines 204b–221, text no. 2 lines 236–259a, text no. 7 lines 78b–83a, text no. 74 v 41–75, and text no. 82 vii 1´´´´´–viii 15´. Mutallu of Kummu#u must be distinguished from Mutallu son of Tar#u-lara, who ruled Gurgum (see the eleventh regnal year [711]). 116 Text no. 1 lines 222–234a, text no. 2 lines 259b–267a, and text no. 82 viii 16´–17´. 117 Text no. 8 lines 10b–11a and text no. 74 v 41–75. 118 Text no. 1 lines 234b–262a, text no. 2 lines 267b–287a, text no. 3 lines 1´–13´a, text no. 7 lines 83b–109a, text no. 8 lines 11b–14, text no. 82 vii 13´–48´´ and possibly vii 1´´´–6´´´´, and no. 83 ii´ 1´–11´; note also text no. 104. The capture of Ashdod in 711 is likely the one mentioned in Isaiah 20:1, where it is stated that the Assyrian army was led by the field marshal (tartan) and not by the king himself. With regard to the eventual return of Imn, see n. 126 below.




Introduction

29

Assyrian empire. According to the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle, the campaign in the twelfth regnal year (710) was against Bt-zri (location unknown), with the king staying in Kish and then taking the hand of Bl (Marduk) in the New Year’s festival (at Babylon) at the beginning of his thirteenth regnal year (709). According to the Babylonian Chronicle, in the former year, Sargon invaded Babylonia and did battle with Marduk-aplaiddina, causing the latter to flee to Elam, and in the latter year, Sargon took the hand of Bl and captured Marduk-apla-iddina’s tribal capital Dr-Yakn. The Khorsabad Annals provide much additional information on the conquest of Babylonia. They inform us that in 710 Sargon began his campaign by first dealing with the Arameans living east of the Tigris. Marduk-apla-iddina had strengthened Dr-Abi-#ra in the area of the Gambulu tribe against the Assyrian forces, but Sargon took that fortress, defeated several other Aramean tribes in the area, and annexed the region. Beginning the campaign in this area had the advantage of cutting off Babylonia’s easiest access to Elam, from whose ruler Marduk-apla-iddina had hoped to receive aid in opposing the Assyrians. When the Elamite king utur-Na#ndi (utruk-Na##unte II) refused to send military support, Marduk-apla-iddina fled from Babylon, going first to Iqbi-Bl and then to Dr-Yakn, his tribal stronghold in the southern marshes. As a result, Sargon was supposedly welcomed into Babylon and Borsippa. He ascended the throne of Babylon, taking the role of the king of Babylon in the New Year’s festival at the beginning of the following year (709). Thus, 709 was his first regnal year as king of Babylonia and his thirteenth as king of Assyria. He then proceeded to besiege Marduk-apla-iddina in Dr-Yakn. Although Sargon took the city, Marduk-apla-iddina managed to flee and take refuge in Elam.119 Hearing of Sargon’s military successes, Upri and later A#undra, kings of Dilmun in the Persian Gulf, sent him gifts in order to win his favor.120 It was likely at some point after he ascended the throne of Babylon that Sargon granted special privileges to numerous Babylonian cities, likely in an attempt to win their support.121 Sargon remained in Babylonia until his fifteenth regnal year (707), when he returned to Assyria. According to Sargon’s annals, while he was occupied in Babylonia, the governor of the land Que invaded the territory of Mitâ of Musku three times, capturing and demolishing two fortresses. As a result of these actions, and learning of Sargon’s military successes in Babylonia, Mitâ sent gifts to Sargon and offered submission to him.122 At about the same time, the ruler of Tyre, Sil'a, appears to have requested aid from Sargon to put down a rebellion in Yadnana (Cyprus). An Assyrian official with a military contingent (perhaps just a military escort) was provided to him and as a result the rebels became afraid and brought presents to Sargon in Babylon. It was undoubtedly in connection with this episode that the stele of Sargon found on Cyprus (text no. 103) was sent or created there.123

























































119

Text no. 1 lines 262b–390 (year 12) and 404–416 (year 13), text no. 2 lines 287b–371 (year 12) and 372–426a (year 13), text no. 3 lines 13´b– 60´ (year 12), text no. 5 lines 2´–3´ (year 12), text no. 6 lines 1´–14´ (year 13), text no. 7 lines 121b–144a (years 12–13), text no. 8 lines 18b– 20a, text no. 9 lines 30b–34a, text no. 13 lines 45b–54a, text no. 64 lines 1´–12´, text no. 74 vi 14–85 and vii 7–19 (years 12–13 [also down to 707?]), text no. 83 ii´ 12–iii´ 13 (years 12–13), text no. 86 lines 2´–18´ (year 13), text no. 87 lines 3´–16´ (year 13), text no. 91 (year 12 and possibly year 13), text no. 103 iv 1–22 (year 13), text no. 111 lines 1´–9´ (year 13), text no. 113 lines 6´–27´ (years 12–13), and text no. 114 lines 1´–14´ (year 13). While some texts state that Marduk-apla-iddina was captured (text no. 7 lines 133–134a and text no. 74 vi 45–46; note also text no. 8 lines 18b–19a, text no. 9 lines 31b–32a, and text no. 13 lines 48b–49a, where the verb ka du can mean both “conquer/defeat” and “capture”), the Khorsabad Annals of Room V (text no. 2 lines 402b–403) and the Babylonian chronicle say that he fled. The Annals version from an unknown room of the Khorsabad palace records that he submitted to Sargon’s messenger and apparently gave tribute (text no. 6 lines 11´b–14´); this may indicate that this text was composed before the truth was known, and thus before text no. 2. These differing accounts were noted already back in 1916 by A.T.E. Olmstead (Historiography p. 57); see most recently Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 351 n. 479. Marduk-apla-iddina will reappear in opposition to Assyria in the reign of Sennacherib. 120 Text no. 1 lines 442b–444a, text no. 2 lines 426b–427, text no. 7 lines 144b–145a, text no. 8 lines 20b–21, text no. 9 lines 34b–35, text no. 13 lines 54b–59a, text no. 64 line 13´, text no. 74 vii 20–24a (A#undra), text no. 87 line 17´, text no. 103 iv 23–27, and text no. 116 line 27 (A#undra). Upri may have brought his gifts in 710 (Sargon’s twelfth regnal year) rather than 709 (Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 410) and A#undra (presumably Upri’s successor as king) in or by 706 (Sargon’s sixteenth regnal year), when text no. 74 was likely composed. 121 The granting of the privileges (e.g., ubarrû and andur ru) is mentioned in numerous texts of Sargon, often soon after the mention of his titles and epithets and in association with the mention of privileges also being granted to Aur, "arrn, and at times Dr, or as part of descriptions of the defeat of Marduk-apla-iddina and conquest of Babylonia (e.g., text no. 7 lines 5b–12a and 136b–137a, and text no. 43 lines 4–6). With regard to the granting of andur ru by Neo-Assyrian kings, including Sargon, see Villard, RA 101 (2007) pp. 107–124. 122 Text no. 1 lines 444b–456a, text no. 2 lines 428–436a, and text no. 7 lines 149b–153a. The governor’s actions and subsequent submission of Mitâ may have taken place in or around 710–709 and 708 respectively. 123 Text no. 1 lines 456b–467a, text no. 2 lines 436b–441a, text no. 7 lines 145b–149a, text no. 64 lines 14´–17´, text no. 74 vii 24b–44, text no. 87 lines 18´–21´, and text no. 103 iv 28–57. The gifts likely reached Sargon in Babylon in 708, although it is not impossible this happened in 709 or early in 707 before he returned to Assyria. Josephus (Jewish Antiquities 9.283–287) describes a five-year siege of Tyre during the reign of the Assyrian king who besieged and captured Samaria. The name of the king credited with these actions is written several ways in Josephus’ Greek account (one way being Salmanasss), but it is normally understood to refer to Shalmaneser (V). J. Elayi argues that the siege took place during the reign of Sargon, probably beginning in 709 and ending in 705, and that it was supervised by one of Sargon’s officials (Sargon II pp. 67–72, 237–238, and 243). I am aware of no real evidence of such a siege in the cuneiform sources for either the reign of Shalmaneser V or that of Sargon II, although the Khorsabad Cylinder inscription does state somewhat ambiguously that Sargon

30

Introduction

While Sargon remained in Babylonia, Mutallu of the city Kummu#u, to whom Sargon had given the city Melid in his tenth regnal year (712), rebelled, putting his trust in the Urar'ian king Argiti (II), who had ascended the throne following the suicide of his father Rusâ, an event which likely took place in 713. However, when he heard of the advance of an Assyrian army led by Assyrian officials in 708, Mutallu fled. His city was looted and his family taken prisoner to Assyria. Sargon annexed the area and resettled there some of the people whom he had captured in Bt-Yakn.124 Sargon returned to Assyria from Babylon in his fifteenth regnal year (707) and in that year Dr-Yakn was looted by Sargon’s officials and destroyed according to the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle. A Babylonian chronicle informs us that there was plague in Assyria in that year and that the gods of the Sealand returned to their shrines. It was likely in that same year or the preceding one that Daltâ, the king of Ellipi whom Sargon had confirmed as ruler of that land in 713, died. Two of his nephews fought over the kingship, with one, Nibê, seeking aid from the Elamite king, and the other, Apa-bara, turning to Sargon. Assyrian officials led an army to help Apa-bara and captured Nibê, ending the dispute.125 About the same time, apataku’ (Shebitko), the Nubian ruler (king of Melu##a) of Egypt’s Twenty-Fifth Dynasty, extradited Imn to Assyria; Imn had briefly seized the throne of Ashdod and then fled to Egypt, away from Assyrian troops, in 711.126 In his sixteenth regnal year (706), Sargon again did not lead any campaign, staying in Assyria, where the inauguration of his new capital Dr-arrukn took place. Officials of his, however, campaigned against Karalla in the central Zagros and subdued it. This was the third time that the Assyrians had had to campaign in that region, the earlier campaigns being in Sargon’s sixth and ninth regnal years (716 and 713). The campaign is briefly mentioned in the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle, but an Assyrian rock relief and inscription in the central Zagros at Tang-i Var commemorate the campaign (text no. 116).127 Sargon campaigned for a last time in his seventeenth regnal year (705). A Babylonian chronicle appears to state that he marched to the land Tabal. The Assyrian Eponym Chronicle informs us that he fought Gurdî, the Kulummian,128 and was killed, but no details about the battle are given beyond the statement that the enemy seized the Assyrian camp. A later text informs us that Sargon’s body was not recovered (see below).129 Building Activities Just like other rulers of Mesopotamia, Sargon II carried out numerous building projects throughout his realm, in particular in Assyria and Babylonia, and especially at his new capital city Dr-arrukn.130 Khorsabad (Dr-arruk n) The founding and construction of Dr-arrukn (“Wall of Sargon” or “Fortress of Sargon”) to be the new royal center of Assyria is the most important building activity carried out during the reign of Sargon and is recorded in a large number of his royal inscriptions. Most of these texts come from Khorsabad (see in particular text nos. 2, 7–9, 11–14, 41, 43–48, and 51–56), but a number come from other cities, in particular from Nineveh (see text nos. 84–85) and Arslantepe (ancient Melid; text no. 111). Moreover, bricks stating that they were from the palace of Sargon or mentioning the building of the city Dr-arrukn and its palace have been found at






















































































































































































“pacified” (uapiu) Tyre (text no. 43 line 21). While there are few contemporary sources for events during the reign of Shalmaneser V, there are a large number for the reign of Sargon and thus the lack of any mention of a siege of Tyre in them is worthy of note, even though the scribes of Sargon’s official inscriptions might not have wished to mention an episode (siege) that had not been completed or that had failed in its objective. It must also be noted that Josephus was writing his account over seven hundred years after the time of Sargon and thus his version of events may not always be accurate. He does, however, state that he used information from Tyrian archives (via Menander) for his description of this episode. 124 Text no. 1 lines 467b–468, text no. 2 lines 441b–454, text no. 7 lines 112b–117a, text no. 74 iv 1–12 and text no. 84 lines 21´–27´; note also the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle entry for 708. Text no. 74 vii 45–76 describes the poor state of the road to Babylon and likely refers to the time in or around 708. 125 Text no. 2 lines 455–467a and text no. 7 lines 117b–121a. 126 The extradition of Imn by the Nubian ruler Shebitko is mentioned as already having happened in an inscription composed in the following year (text no. 116 lines 19–21; note also text no. 113 lines 1´–5´). For the return of Imn, see also text no. 7 lines 109b–112a, text no. 8 lines 11b–14, and text no. 83 ii´ 1–11. Note A. Fuchs’ discussion of this episode in SAAS 8 pp. 124–131. 127 See in particular lines 37–44. 128 As noted by previous scholars, “Gurdî, the Kulummian,” may be the same person as Kurtî of Atuna, who is mentioned in accounts of events in Sargon’s fourth and eleventh regnal years. 129 Livingstone, SAA 3 no. 33, especially lines 8´-9´ and 19´–20´. 130 With regard to Sargon’s building activities, see also Fuchs, RLA 12/1–2 (2009) p. 59 and PNA 3/2 p. 1244. The Assyrian Eponym Chronicle appears to state that a deity entered his/her new temple in 713. That temple may or may not be mentioned in this section. Note also the possible restoration of the entries for 720 and 719 in that chronicle (see below).




Introduction

31

numerous locations outside of the city itself: Nimrud, Nineveh, Karamles, Tag, Tepe Gawra and possibly Djigan (see text nos. 50 and 53). Sargon states that he founded the new city in order to make the land of Assyria prosper and that rather than expropriate land for the city he purchased it from its previous owners, paying them either in silver and bronze according to the original purchase prices for the land or with equivalent land elsewhere.131 The new city was located about fifteen km upstream from Nineveh, at the site of a town called Maganuba and “at the foot of Mount Mu%ri.” Archaeological work has shown that the new city was approximately square in shape (18001700m) and covered an area of about 300 hectares. The Assyrian Eponym Chronicle (see below) states that the city was founded in 717 and Assyrian inscriptions tell us that individuals captured during Sargon’s various campaigns were used as laborers on the massive building project 132 According to the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle, various gods entered their temples in the city on the twenty-second day of Tartu (VII) in 707 and the city was inaugurated on the sixth day of Ayyru (II) in 706.133 Thus, the construction of the city had taken about ten years and been concluded only about a year before the king’s death. To celebrate the completion of the city and palace, Aur and the other deities of Assyria (presumably their statues) were invited to the city, where the king made sumptuous offerings to them.134 After the deities returned to their own cities, the king took up residence in his palace and held a great festival, one to which numerous foreign rulers, officials, nobles, and important Assyrians were invited. These ‘guests’ presented to the king substantial tribute, including among other things precious metals, garments, aromatics, ivory, ebony, horses, and oxen.135 Among the people settled in the new city were the foreign captives who had been employed in building it, along with their Assyrian overseers and commanders.136 In preparation for commencing work on the city, bricks were made at an auspicious time, in the month $ita/Simnu (III), and the foundations of the city were laid in the month Abu (V).137 The texts record in particular work on the city wall, with its gates, and the palace, with its chapels to the deities Ea, Sîn, Ningal, Adad, ama, and Ninurta. The city wall is said to be 16,280 cubits long and to comprise two separate walls, an outer wall with a name honoring the state god Aur (“The God Aur Is the One Who Prolongs the Reign of Its Royal Builder (and) Protects His Troops [var.: Offspring]”) and an inner wall with one honoring the warrior god Ninurta (“The God Ninurta Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of His City [var.: the Wall] for (All) Days to Come”). Three texts state that there were eight gates in the city wall: two gates in each of the four sides of the city and each gate having a name honoring one of the gods. The published plan of the city (see Figure 3) has only one gate in its north(west) side. However, J.E. Reade has noted that at the point where the royal palace platform projects from the citadel, the line of the city wall was clearly eroded and the published ground plans are partly hypothetical. He thus suggests that there may have been a postern gate below the ziggurrat on the palace platform, just as there was one below the South-West Palace of Sennacherib at Nineveh. Since the gates



























































131 Text no. 43 lines 34–52; see also text no. 8 lines 29b–31a. Note also Sargon’s renewal of a land grant originally made by Adad-nrr III to three individuals in order to ensure offerings to the god Aur (Kataja and Whiting, SAA 12 no. 19). Sargon gave the original grantees of the land (or their sons) “field for field” in another location so that they could continue to provide the offerings while he could take the land originally granted to them for the construction of Dr-arrukn. The text was composed at Nineveh in Sargon’s ninth year (713). While Sargon states that he built the new city in order to make Assyria prosper, K. Radner argues that his “decision to move the court and the central administration to a new centre was in part motivated by the lack of acceptance and the active and fierce resistance his rule had met with in the Assyrian heartland” (HSAO 14 p. 325). Radner may well be correct in this matter; however, it is not really clear who actually did oppose Sargon and how they had done so, even though it seems probable that some or all of 6,300 Assyrian “criminals” deported to Hamath early in his reign had opposed his accession. For the movement of the capital from Kal#u to Dr-arrukn, see Radner, HSAO 14 pp. 325–327. 132 For references in the texts to the initial work, including the making of bricks, the laying of foundation deposits, and the use of deportees, see in particular text nos. 2 lines 467b–469a and 473b–474a, 7 lines 153b–155a and 159b–160a, 8 lines 27b–28a and 31b–34a, 9 lines 49b–57a, 12 lines 23b–29, 13 lines 90–97a, 14 lines 28b–33a, 43 lines 57–61, 45 lines 40–44a, 46 lines 32b–36, and 47 lines 18–21. Samarians were among the people employed in the construction of the new city; see Cogan, Bound for Exile pp. 45–49 nos. 2.03–5. For information from contemporary letters on the actual building of the city, see S. Parpola in Caubet, Khorsabad pp. 47–77. 133 The word used for “inaugurated” is SAR-ru, an Assyrian stative form from the verb urrû, “to begin; to inaugurate a building, to kindle a censor; to start, originate (said of eclipses and other natural phenomenon), to erupt, grow” (CAD /3 p. 358), and “to begin, start; inaugurate” (CDA p. 388). 134 One exemplar of text no. 9 informs us that these gods were invited to come to Dr-arrukn for a celebration (ta ltu) in the month Tartu (VII), i.e., in 707; see the on-page note to text no. 9 line 98. This celebration is distinct from the festival (nigûtu) in Ayyru (II) of 706 to which numerous foreign rulers and important Assyrians were invited. 135 See in particular text nos. 2 lines 483b–494, 7 lines 167–186a, 8 lines 54–69a, 9 lines 97b–100, 12 lines 34–45, 13 lines 123b–130, and 15 lines 1´–5´. Mention of this festival in a text indicates that that text was composed no earlier than 706, unless we assume that they were recording an event that was planned, but that had not yet taken place. 136 See in particular text nos. 8 lines 49b–53, 9 lines 92b–97a, 41 lines 25b–26a, 43 lines 72–74, 44 lines 49b–54, 75 lines 10´–14´, and 84 line 11´. 137 See for example text nos. 8 lines 31b–34a, and 9 lines 49b–57a, and 43 lines 57–61.

32

Introduction

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34

Introduction

are listed in a counterclockwise order (east > north > west > south), the presumed postern gate would have been the one called “The God Enlil is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of My City.”138 The palace complex (see Figure 4) and the adjoining temple of Nabû were located on raised platforms connected by a bridge within the city’s ‘citadel’ located against the northwestern city wall; the palace partially protruded beyond the regular plan of the city wall. The palace complex consisted of over two hundred rooms and courtyards, as well as a ziggurrat. The palace was given the name égalgabarinutukua, “Palace That Has No Equal,” and all types of luxurious materials were used in its construction. In one part of the palace was a b t il ni structure in imitation of a Hittite palace.139 Pavement inscriptions have been found identifying the chapels of Niniku (Ea), Sîn, Ningal, Adad, ama, and Ninurta within the palace complex (text nos. 16–21),140 as well as the temple of Nabû (text no. 22). Although the temple of Nabû was the largest religious structure at the city, no inscriptions appear to record its construction apart from a brief mention on inscribed stone slabs used as thresholds or on or near steps in the temple itself (text no. 22). The Khorsabad Cylinder inscription (text no. 43 line 43) states that Sargon ordered that a simakku-shrine of ama be constructed in the city, but nothing further is known about it. Brick inscriptions (text nos. 54–55) record the construction of the temple of Sîn and ama in the city, but it is not clear if this refers to the chapels of these gods within the palace complex, the simakku-shrine, or some other independent temple (or temples).141 Archaeologists discovered a temple in the lower city in which there were numerous stone altars. The inscription on the altars only refers to them being set up for the Sebetti by Sargon, and not to the construction of the temple itself (text no. 49). No inscription refers to the ziggurrat constructed behind the palace chapels on the palace terrace. Within the citadel were located at least four large residences (J, K, L, and M), the largest of which being the residence of the king’s brother and grand vizier Sîn-a#u-u%ur. Three pavement slabs from Sîn-a#u-u%ur’s residence (L) state that he had constructed the building (text no. 2002). In the lower city, adjacent to the southern city wall was located the city’s ekal m arti (Palace F), but no royal inscription mentions its construction,142 although several inscriptions of Sargon were found there.143 Around the city Sargon had a botanical garden (or great park, kirimau) created, one that was to be a replica of Mount Amanus and to have every kind of aromatic plant and fruit-bearing mountain tree.144 Aur At the city of Aur, work was carried out on E#ursaggalkurkurra, the main cella within the temple of the god Aur, in particular on the processional way in the temple courtyard (text nos. 69–70) and on a glazed brick frieze from the temple (text no. 71), but also on the towers (text no. 67). A cylinder inscription from Nineveh refers to “shining zaalû-silver for the work on E#ursaggalkurkurra (“House, the Great Mountain of the Lands”), the sanctuary of the god Aur [...] ... the goddesses Queen-of-Nineveh and Lady-of-Arbela.”145 In addition, one letter from the governor of the city (Parpola, SAA 1 no. 77 [=Harper, ABL no. 91]) describes work

























































138

See Reade, SAAB 25 (2019) pp. 85–86. For the building of the city walls and its gates, see in particular text nos. 8 lines 40b–49a, 9 lines 79b–92a, 43 lines 65–71, and 44 lines 47–49a. Note also Battini, CRRA 43 pp. 41–55 and RA 94 (2000) pp. 33–56. With regard to the building of the city wall, note Cogan, IEJ 56 (2006) pp. 84–95. For the connection of the length of the city wall and the king’s name, see the earlier section on the name of the king. 139 For the building and decoration of the palace, including its gates, see in particular text nos. 2 lines 472b–483a, 7 lines 158b–166, 8 lines 35–40a, 9 lines 60b–79a, 11 lines 21b–46, 12 lines 30–33, 13 lines 97b–123a, 14 lines 33b–47, 41 lines 18b-25a, 43 lines 63–64, 44 lines 33–45, 45 lines 19–39, 46 lines 22–32a, 47 lines 14–17, 48 lines 6´b–7´, 74 viii 1´´–6´´, 75 lines 6´–9´, 84 line 10´, 85 line 6´, and 111 line 13. With regard to the b t il ni, see most recently Reade, Iraq 70 (2008) pp. 13–40; Erarslan, Akkadica 135 (2014) pp. 173–195; and Kertai, Iraq 79 (2017) pp. 85– 104, especially pp. 97–101; see also the note to text no. 2 line 476. For the use of the term É.GAL.ME, literally “palaces” but translated here as “palatial halls,” for the palace complex, see the note to text no. 2 line 472. 140 For the construction of the temples, in particular the palace chapels, and the entry of the deities into them, see in particular text nos. 2 lines 469b–472a, 7 lines 155b–158a, 8 line 34b, 9 lines 57b–60a, 41 lines 17-18a, 43 line 62, 44 lines 28b–30, 45 lines 12b–18, 46 lines 14–21, 47 lines 11b–13, 48 lines 1´b–6´a, 75 lines 1´–5´, 84 line 9´, 85 line 5´, and 111 line 12. The deities are sometimes stated to have been born within E#ursaggalkurkurra, the cella of the god Aur within that god’s temple Earra at the city Aur; see text nos. 2 lines 469b–470a, 7 lines 155b–156a, and 111 line 12a (totally restored). 141 Bricks with these inscriptions have been found at Kal#u and Nineveh, as well as Khorsabad. One of those from Khorsabad was found in the throne room of the palace. 142 With regard to this structure, see in particular Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 and note also Matthiae in Studies Donbaz pp. 197–203. 143 See text no. 10 ex. 4, text no. 11 commentary, text no. 43 exs. 13–21, 28, and 31–32, and text no. 57 Frgms. L and M. 144 See in particular text nos. 8 lines 28b–29a, 9 lines 41b–42, and 74 viii 7´´–9´´. 145 Text no. 84 line 3´–4´; cf. text no. 74 i 25–27.




Introduction

35

on the palace of the inner city. Work may also have been carried out on the temple of the gods Sîn and ama.146 Kalu Sargon had the Juniper Palace at Kal#u (modern Nimrud), which had previously been built by Ashurnasirpal (II), completely renovated, from its foundations to its crenellations. Upon its completion, he invited Nergal, Adad, and the other gods dwelling in the city, to come inside and he then held a festival. Silver and gold that had been taken as booty from Pisris, king of Carchemish, were stored there (text no. 73). Very little of the end of the Nimrud Prism inscription (text no. 74) is preserved and what little there is refers to work at Drarrukn, but it is not impossible that some work at Kal#u had also been mentioned. Nineveh Two bricks from the temple of Nabû at Nineveh record that Sargon completely (re)built that temple (text no. 96 and cf. text nos. 93 and 97), while several other bricks, pavement slabs, and cones found at Nineveh state that the king had completely (re)built the temple of the gods Nabû and Marduk (text nos. 92 and 95). The inscription on the cones states that Adad-nrr III (810–783) had previously restored the temple.147 Inscribed copper coverings for doorjambs in the temple of Nabû have also been recovered (text no. 99).148 Although the passage is damaged, the Nineveh Prism likely indicates that Sargon had carried out work on a ziggurrat, possibly the one of Adad at Nineveh (text no. 82 viii 4´´´b–8´´´). One inscribed wall slab of Sargon’s is said to have been found at Nebi Yunus, the secondary mound (likely the ekal m arti) at Nineveh (text no. 81), but it is not impossible that it was actually brought there by one of Sargon’s successors or in modern times.149 In addition, a later inscription of Ashurbanipal (Novotny and Jeffers, RINAP 5/1 p. 220 no. 10 v 33–42) states that Sargon had been the builder of the ak tu-house of the goddess Itar that was inside Nineveh. arr n A broken passage in a cylinder inscription from Nineveh (text no. 84 line 6´) refers to “seven and a half minas of shining silver for the work of E#ul#ul (“House which Gives Joy”), the abode of the god Sîn who dwells in the city "arrn.” This presumably refers to some construction work on the temple or on some item associated with it. Dr According to one letter (Fuchs and Parpola, SAA 15 no. 113 [=CT 54 no. 89+]), work was carried out on the fort and outer city wall at Dr. Tabal The Khorsabad Annals (text no. 1 lines 202b–204a; cf. text no. 2 lines 234b–235a) may refer to some construction in the land Tabal, and in particular the construction of an enclosure wall (keru), in connection with the settlement of people there and the appointment of one of Sargon’s eunuchs as governor over them. As noted by Fuchs,150 it is possible that this work was never completed. Til-Barsip A poorly preserved inscription from Til-Barsip (modern Tell Ahmar), possibly on part of a bull colossus (text no. 107), appears to refer to a temple of Adad, possibly one that Ashurnasirpal (II) had originally constructed, but it is not clear in which city that structure was located.

























































146

See Haller, Heiligtümer pp. 89–92. For an inscription of Adad-nrr III recording work on the temple of Nabû at Nineveh, see Grayson, RIMA 3 pp. 219–220 A.0.104.14. 148 Text no. 92 states that Adad-nrr III had carried out his work on the temple seventy-five years earlier and Reade suggests that Sargon may have restored it in 713 (Iraq 67 [2005] p. 380). 149 See Frahm, AoF 40 (2013) pp. 52–53. Note also Reade in Studies Calmeyer p. 612. Some bricks with inscriptions of Sargon II were found at Nebi Yunus (e.g., text no. 53 ex. 24 and text no. 54 ex. 4). 150 RLA 12/1–2 (2009) p. 59 and PNA 3/2 p. 1244. 147

36

Introduction

Carchemish A brief brick inscription (text no. 110) that refers to the palace of Sargon has been discovered at Carchemish and a nearby site (Tell Amarna), and this could suggest that there was a royal palace there. Three copies of a clay cylinder inscription of the king found at Carchemish (text no. 109) mention building activities carried out there by Sargon and the expansion of irrigation in the area of the city. Melid Although four texts on clay cylinders come from Melid (modern Arslantepe, near Malatya), they are all in fragmentary condition (text nos. 111–114). Only one (text no. 111) preserves part of the end of its inscription and no reference to any building work can be detected. The curse at the end of the text invokes the god Marduk, which might suggest that any structure or object whose construction or dedication was mentioned at the end of the inscription would have been associated with that deity. arar and Iran The Najafabad Stele states that following the king’s conquest of the Iranian city of "ar#ar during his sixth regnal year (716), he renamed it Kr-arrukn. In addition, as well as rebuilding a temple, he constructed something else there.151 It is not known what that other structure was, although a later letter to the king from that city (Fuchs and Parpola, SAA 15 no. 94 [=Harper, ABL no. 126]) refers to the building of a “grand hall” (É dan-nu) with glazed bricks. Sargon’s Khorsabad Annals also state that during the campaign of the following year (715) he rebuilt the cities Kielu, Kindayu, Anzaria, and Bt-Gabaya and renamed them Kr-Nabû, Kr-Sîn, Kr-Adad, and Kr-Itar (text no. 1 lines 113b–114a). Babylonia Following his defeat of Marduk-apla-iddina II (Merodach-Baladan) in 710–709, Sargon had work carried out at Babylon, Uruk, and likely Kish and Tell Haddad. Most of the texts mentioning this work are written in the Akkadian language, but three were composed in Sumerian (text nos. 124 and 127–128). Bricks with inscriptions recording Sargon’s restoration of Babylon’s city walls, Imgur-Enlil and NmetEnlil, for the god Marduk have been found at both Babylon and Kish (text nos. 123–124). Presumably the bricks found at Kish had been used for some work at the same time at that city or been taken there for reuse later. One of the inscriptions (text no. 123) also mentions that work had been carried out with baked bricks along the bank of the Euphrates River (presumably inside Babylon). Of the two texts, one is written in Akkadian and one in Sumerian. According to Sargon’s annals from Khorsabad, the king had a new canal dug from Borsippa to Babylon for the procession of the god Nabû.152 One clay cylinder and several brick inscriptions testify to work carried out at the city of Uruk in southern Babylonia. The one cylinder records the restoration of Eanna, and in particular its outer enclosure wall in the lower courtyard (text no. 125), for the goddess Itar. Numerous bricks found at Uruk record work on various parts of the Eanna temple, including the outer enclosure wall, the courtyard, the narrow gate, the regular gate, and the processional way (text nos. 126–128). A clay cylinder of Sargon’s was found at Tell Haddad in the Hamrin region (text no. 129). Although none of the building section of the text is preserved, it may have been intended to record work at that city, and in view of the fact that it was found not far from the temple of Nergal (Ea#ula) at that site, it may well have mentioned work on that temple. A fragmentary axe head of one of Sargon’s eunuchs was also found at Tell Haddad and the text on it recorded the dedication of the object to the god who dwelled in Ea#ul(a) located inside the city Mturna (Mê-Turnat) (text no. 2008). A clay cylinder (text no. 2009) from Tell Baradn, a neighboring site, appears to refer to the governor of Arrap#a Nabû-blu-ka’’in doing something because Sargon wanted to rebuild the wall of Sirara (a literary term for Mê-Turnat). The cylinder was likely created to commemorate the governor’s work on that wall.

























































151 152

Text no. 117 ii 41b–45a; see also text no. 1 lines 114–115. Text no. 1 lines 377b–379a and text no. 2 lines 359b–360.

Introduction




37

Death Assuming that Sargon had been born by 765 (see above), he would have been at least sixty years old at the time of his death in 705. In that year he led his troops to the land of Tabal to deal with Gurdî, the Kulummian (presumably the ruler of the city Til-Garimme).153 Although damaged, the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle states that “the king was killed; the camp of the king of Assyria [was] sei[zed …]; Sennacherib [ascended the throne] on the 12th day of the month Abu (V).” Thus, Sargon was likely killed early in 705 while on campaign against Tabal. The later “Sin of Sargon” text states: “the death of Sargon, [my father, who was killed in enemy country and] not buried in his house” and “[… Sargon, my father], was killed [in enemy country] and not b[uried] in his house” (Livingstone, SAA 3 no. 33 lines 8´–9´ and 19´–20´). It appears that his body had not been recovered after the battle and could not be brought back to Assyria for burial. This was a great disaster since a proper burial was essential for an individual to have a good afterlife and, as an angry ghost, Sargon might haunt his living descendants until they provided him with one. It was likely because of this disaster and in an attempt to distance himself from it that Sennacherib abandoned Sargon’s capital of Dr-arrukn154 and created a new one at Nineveh. It is not known if Sennacherib ever tried to discover the reason the gods allowed this tragedy to occur, but it is likely that Sargon’s grandson Esarhaddon did and that it was under his reign that the “Sin of Sargon” text was composed. Although damaged, this text appears to be trying to determine if Sargon had met his sad fate because he had not treated the gods of Babylonia as well as those of Assyria and had not kept a treaty sworn by the “king of the gods.”155 Dating and Chronology Texts edited in this volume occasionally mention contemporary dates and the charts in this section are intended to aid the reader in understanding those dates. The month names in Neo-Assyrian inscriptions and their modern equivalents are: I II III IV V VI VI2

Nisannu Ayyru Simnu Duzu Abu Ullu Intercalary Ullu

March–April April–May May–June June–July July–August August–September

VII VIII IX X XI XII XII2

Tartu Ara#samna Kislmu &ebtu, Kinnu ab'u Addaru Intercalary Addaru

September–October October–November November–December December–January January–February February–March

Unless stated otherwise, the dates given in this volume (excluding those in bibliographical citations) are all BC. Each ancient Mesopotamian year has been given a single Julian year equivalent even though the ancient year actually encompassed parts of two Julian years, with the ancient year beginning around the time of the vernal equinox. For example, Sargon ascended the throne of Assyria on the twelfth day of &ebtu of his accession year, which is indicated to be 722, although that event may have taken place in January 721. Thus, events that occurred late in the ancient year “722” actually happened early in the Julian year 721. King Lists Unfortunately, no list of Assyrian kings preserves a mention of Sargon II. The Assyrian King List ends with Sargon’s predecessor Shalmaneser V, and both the Synchronistic King List and Assyrian King List fragment KAV no. 182 have lacunae immediately before their mention of Sennacherib. Sargon II is listed as a ruler of Babylonia in Babylonian King List A and the Ptolemaic Canon immediately following Marduk-apla-iddina II (Merodach-baladan), who seized control of Babylonia from Assyria upon the death of Shalmaneser V and ruled

























































153

See below for translations of the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle and the Babylonian chronicle (recension B) for 705. There is in fact evidence that Dr-arrukn was not totally abandoned following the death of Sargon; see Brinkman, Prelude p. 54 n. 254 and Dalley, Kaskal 11 (2014) pp. 176–179. A prism inscription of Esarhaddon and several economic texts dated to post-canonical eponyms were found during the Oriental Institute excavations at Khorsabad; these will be published by J.A. Brinkman and S. Parpola.
155 With regard to the death of Sargon, note Frahm, JCS 51 (1999) pp. 73–90, in particular pp. 74–76. Part of the motivation in determining if the tragedy had been connected with the Assyrian king’s not having honored Babylonian gods sufficiently may have been in connection with Esarhaddon’s decision to rebuild Babylon and Marduk’s temple Esagila, following their destruction in the time of Sennacherib. 154

38

Introduction

that land until defeated by Sargon in 710. Thus, those two lists only assign him a reign of five years (709–705). For the convenience of the user of this volume, it has been thought useful to present translations of the relevant passages here. In this section, the entries immediately preceding and following those of the king whose inscriptions are edited in this volume are given when they are preserved. 1. Babylonian King List A (CT 36 pls. 24–25; Grayson, RLA 6/1–2 [1980] pp. 90–96 §3.3) iv 9) iv 10) iv 11) iv 12)

5 (years) 12 (years) 5 (years) 2 (years)

Ullyu (Shalmaneser V), Dynasty of Baltil (Aur) Marduk-apla-iddina (II), Dynasty of the Sealand Sargon (II) Sennacherib, "abigal ("anigalbat) Dynasty156

2. Ptolemaic Canon (Wachsmuth, Alten Geschichte p. 305; Grayson, RLA 6/1–2 [1980] p. 101 §3.8) 2592,;59 +,6.51/3 :.59 61/,45

-,7;2/98,

/ 0/ -

Iloulaios (Ullyu) (Shalmaneser V) Mardokempados (Marduk-apla-iddina II) Arkeanos (Sargon II)157 Kingless158

5 (years) 12 (years) 5 (years) 2 (years)

Eponym Dates In Assyria, each year was named after a high official, called a limmu or l mu, and lists of these officials (eponyms) were compiled by the Assyrian scribes. The following list of the eponym officials for the reign of Sargon is based upon Millard, SAAS 2, especially pp. 46–48 and 59–60. Dated inscriptions that are included in the present volume are also noted below. A number of inscriptions whose dates may possibly be determined with some degree of confidence (e.g., instances with a clear terminus post quem for the inscription) are given in bold. Line rulings are found before the eponym for 722 and after the eponyms for 720, 706, and 705 in one or more exemplars of the eponym lists.159 Year

Regnal Year in Assyria

722

Accession year 1

721

Regnal Year in Babylonia

























































156

Eponym

Dated Texts

Ninurta-ilya, (governor of Na%bna) Nabû-tri%

As noted in Grayson and Novotny, RINAP 3/1 p. 23 n. 1, see Brinkman in Studies Oppenheim pp. 35–37 and Frame, RIMB 2 pp. 90–91 for an explanation of BALA a-bi-gal (iv 12). M. Valério (Journal of Language Relationship 6 [2011] pp. 173–183) has argued that the Semitic name of Mitanni ("anigalbat) should be read as "ani-Rabbat, a West-Semitic (Amorite) name meaning “Great "ani.” If this understanding of the name is correct, then one should read BALA a-bi-gal as BALA a-bi-GAL “Habi-Rabbat dynasty.” As pointed out by G. Frame (RIMB 2 pp. 90–91), it is unclear why some Assyrian kings are given dynastic affiliation (Sennacherib and Aur-ndin-umi to the "abigal dynasty, and Shalmaneser V to the Baltil dynasty) while others are not (Tiglath-pileser III, Sargon II, and Esarhaddon), unless we are to assume that only changes in dynasty were mentioned and thus Sargon II was of the same dynasty as his predecessor Shalmaneser V, the Baltil dynasty. It is also curious that King List A describes Marduk-apla-iddina II during his first regnal period (721–710) as being from the Sealand dynasty (KUR tam-), but as a soldier of "abi (presumably for "abigal) during his second regnal period (703). N. May (BiOr 74 [2017] p. 516) suggests that “[i]t seems possible that King List A considered every collateral Assyrian royal branch that came to the throne as a new dynasty. Thus, the collateral branch of Sargon is in King List A referred to as the ‘Dynasty of Habi-GAL’ and that of Tiglath-pileser as the ‘Dynasty of Assur.’” See also Fales in Studies Lanfranchi p. 205 for the idea that BALA a-bi-GAL refers to Sargon as well as Sennacherib. For the suggestion that Baltil and "abigal may allude to the birth places of the respective king’s mother and not his father, see E. Frahm in Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem pp. 180–181. Frahm also raises the possibility that the reference to the dynasty of "abigal for Sennacherib might be that “Sargon, Sennacherib’s father, held a high military office in the west before he became king of Assyria, a position similar to that of the Middle Assyrian ‘King of "anigalbat’” (ibid. p. 181). 157 Sargon II was sometimes called Sargon arkû, “the later Sargon” (see above) and Arkeanos may be a late reflection of arkû instead of Sargon’s actual name (see, for example, CAD A/2 p. 286). 158 Sennacherib is not mentioned by name in the Ptolemaic Canon and the periods when he ruled it directly at the beginning and end of his reign were recorded as being “kingless.” 159 See Ungnad, RLA 2/5 (1938) pp. 415–416 for texts with double dates, giving the equivalencies between some of the eponym years and regnal years, including some giving the equivalencies between Sargon’s Assyrian regnal years and his Babylonian ones; note also Millard, SAAS 2 pp. 70–71.

Introduction




Year

Regnal Year in Assyria

Regnal Year in Babylonia

720 719 718 717 716

2 3 4 5 6

715 714 713 712 711 710 709 708 707 706

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Accession year 1 2 3 4

705

17

5

39

Eponym Aur-nirka-dain Sargon, king of Assyria Zru-ibni,160 governor of Ra%appa &b-ar-Aur, treasurer (masennu) &b-%il-Earra, governor of the Inner City (Aur) Taklk-ana-bli, governor of Na%bna Itar-dr, governor of Arrap#a Aur-bni, governor of Kal#u arru-muranni, governor of Zamua161 Ninurta-lik-pni, governor of Sime ama-blu-u%ur, governor of Arzu#ina163 Mannu-k-Aur-l’i, governor of Tillê ama-upa##ir, governor of "abruri a-Aur-dubbu, governor of Tu#an Mutakkil-Aur, governor of Guzna Nas#ur-Bl, governor of Amedi167

Dated Texts 89, 106?

73 117 65 43 76, 82162 105164 13, 84, 103, 111 2,165 7–9, 12, 15, 74,166 116 67

Chronicles The Assyrian Eponym Chronicle and two recensions of one Mesopotamian chronicle provide useful information both on events of the reign of Sargon II and on the order of those events. The standard edition of the Assyrian Eponym Chronicle is that of A.R. Millard (Millard, SAAS 2) and the one of Mesopotamian chronicles is that of A.K. Grayson (Grayson, Chronicles), but note also the recent editions by J.-J. Glassner (Glassner, Chronicles) and the on-going online work by I. Finkel and R.J. van der Spek (see https://www.livius.org/sources/about/ mesopotamian-chronicles/ [2020]). For the convenience of the user of this volume, it has been thought useful to present translations of the relevant passages here; these translations are adapted from the aforementioned works. 1. The Eponym Chronicle (Millard, SAAS 2, in particular pp. 46–48 and 59–60; Glassner, Chronicles pp. 164–177 no. 9, especially pp. 174–175; Weissert, CRRA 38 pp. 273–282, especially pp. 279–280; and Finkel and Reade, Orientalia NS 67 [1998] p. 252) -----------[In the eponymy of Ninurta-ilya ...] (722):168



























































[...]

160 One copy of the eponym list (exemplar A5) has Aur-mtu-upair (ma-ur-KUR-ú?-pa?-ir?; see Millard, SAAS 2 p. 46) or Aur-mtkatra (ma-ur-KUR-(ka)-GUR!!-(ra); see Finkel and Reade, Orientalia NS 67 [1998] p. 252) instead of Zru-ibni. I. Finkel and J.E. Reade (ibid.) suggest that he may have been field marshal (turt nu) and that having died or been removed from office, he was replaced by Zru-ibni as eponym. 161 He is at times also given the title governor of the land of the Lullumu; see Millard, SAAS 2 p. 120. 162 Also, text nos. 63 and 102 if they prove to be duplicates of the Nineveh Prism (text no. 82). 163 ama-blu-u%ur was transferred to the governorship of Dr possibly sometime in 710 or shortly thereafter (see Baker, PNA 3/2 p. 1193 sub ama-blu-u%ur 4). 164 Fuchs (Khorsabad p. 387) tentatively assigns this text to Sargon’s fifteenth regnal year (707). 165 Likely also the other versions of the Khorsabad Annals (text nos. 1 and 3–6). 166 Perhaps also text no. 83 if it proves to be a duplicate of text no. 74. 167 Or Nas#ir-Bl; see Streck, PNA 2/2 p. 932. He is at times also given the title governor of the city Sinabu (e.g., text no. 67 line 9; see also Millard, SAAS 2 p. 109). 168 Possibly “[In the eponymy of Ninurta-ilya, field marsh]al”; see Finkel and Reade, Orientalia NS 67 (1998) p. 252 for a possible reading [… tur]-(tan).

40

Introduction

[In the eponymy of Nabû-tri% ...] (721): [In the eponymy of Aur-nirka-dain ...] (720): [In the eponymy of Sargon ...] (719): [In the eponymy of Zru-ibni ...] (718): [In the eponymy of &b-ar-Aur ...] (717): [In the eponymy of &b-%il-Earra ...] (716): [In the eponymy of Taklk-ana-bli ...] (715): [In the eponymy of Itar-dr ...] (714): [In the eponymy Aur-bni ...] (713): [In the eponymy of ama-muranni ...] (712): [In the eponymy of Ninurta-lik-pni ...] (711): [In the eponymy of ama-blu-u%ur ...] (710): [In the eponymy of Mannu-k-Aur-li, governor of the city Till]ê (709): In the eponymy of [ama-u]pa[##ir, governor of the city "abru]ri (708): In the eponymy of a-Aur-dubbu, governor of the city Tu#an (707): In the eponymy of Mutakkil-Aur, governor of the city Guzna (706): -----------In the eponymy of Nas#ur-Bl, governor of the city Amedi (705):

[...]169 [...] ...170 [... ent]ered.171 [Against the land Ta]bal. [The city Dr-arru]kn was founded. [Against the ci]ty of the Manneans. [...] provincial governors were appointed. [Against the land Ur]ar'u, the city Mu%a%ir, (and the god) "aldi. [... the no]bles in Ellipi; [the god/goddess ...] entered (his/her) new [tem]ple; [again]st the city Mu%a%ir. (The king stayed) in the land (Assyria). Against the city Marqasa. Against Bt-zri; the king stayed in Kish. Sargon (II) took the hands of the god Bl. The city Kummu#u was captured; a provincial governor was appointed. Variant: The nobles ... [(...)] against the city Kummu#u [(...)]. The king returned fr[om Ba]bylon; the (chief) vizier (sukkallu) (and) the nobles carried off the booty of Dr-Yakn; the city Dr-Yakn was destroyed; on the twenty-second day of Tartu (VII) the gods of the city Dr-arrukn entered their temples. The king (stayed) in the land (Assyria); the nobles (were) in Karalla; on the sixth day of Ayyru (II), the city Dr-arrukn was inaugurated; [...] received. The ki[ng ... to the land Tabal] against Gurdî, the Kulummian ... [(...)]; the king was killed; the camp of the king of Assyria [was] sei[zed …]; Sennacherib [ascended the throne] on the twelfth day of the month Abu (V).172

2. Chronicle Concerning the Period from Nabû-n ir to ama-uma-uk n (Grayson, Chronicles pp. 69–87 no. 1; Glassner, Chronicles pp. 193–203 no. 16 and pp. 202–207 no. 17; CT 34 pls. 43–50; note also Brinkman in Studies Moran pp. 73–104, especially p. 101 for recension B; and Weissert, CRRA 38 pp. 273–282, especially p. 282)173 (i) Recension A (BM 92502 [84-2-11,356]) (CT 34 pls. 46–50) i 29–32) The fifth year (722): Shalmaneser (V) died in the month &ebtu (X). Shalmaneser (V) ruled Akkad

























































169

H. Tadmor (JCS 12 [1958] p. 85) suggests restoring “[To the land "att]i” ([… ana KUR at]-(ti)) for this line (see Millard, SAAS 2 p. 46 version B4), but he assumed that both this line and the following one were for 720. 170 H. Tadmor (JCS 12 [1958] p. 85, following Forrer, MVAG 20/3 [1915] p. 17) suggests restoring “[The foundations of the temple of the god(dess) DN of the city GN were la]id” ([u a b t dX a URU X Y kar]-ru); cf. the entry for 788 (Millard, SAAS 2 p. 36). 171 H. Tadmor (JCS 12 [1958] p. 85, following Forrer, MVAG 20/3 [1915] p. 17) suggests restoring “[The god(dess) en]tered [(his/her) new temple]” ([dY a-na b te ee e]-ta-rab); cf. the entry for 787 (Millard, SAAS 2 pp. 36–37). 172 See Weissert, CRRA 38 pp. 279–280 and Frahm, JCS 51 (1999) pp. 75 and 83–84. 173 J.A. Brinkman (Studies Moran pp. 73–104) prefers to treat this chronographic text as made up of three separate recensions rather than three duplicates of one text, as was done by A.K. Grayson. J-J. Glassner (Chronicles pp. 193–203 no. 16 and pp. 202–207 no. 17) treats this text as having two separate recensions, taking BM 75977 (AH 83-1-18,1339) with recension A. See also Weissert, CRRA 38 p. 273 n. 1. BM 75977 does not preserve any part of the relevant section and so it not taken into consideration here.




Introduction

41

and Assyria for five years. On the twelfth day of the month &ebtu, Sargon (II) ascended the throne in Assyria. In the month Nisannu (I), Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan) ascended the throne in Babylon. i 33–37) The second year of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (720): Ummaniga ("umban-nika I), king of Elam, did battle against Sargon (II), king of Assyria, in the district of Dr and brought about an Assyrian retreat; he inflicted a major defeat upon them. Marduk-apla-iddina (II) and his army, who had gone to aid the king of Elam, did not arrive (in time for) the battle (and so) he (Marduk-apla-iddina) withdrew. i 38–42) The fifth year of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (717): Ummaniga, king of Elam, died. [For twenty-six ye]ars Ummaniga ruled Elam. [Itar-#u]ndu (utruk-Na##unte II), his sister’s son, ascended the throne in Elam. [From the accession year] of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) until the tenth year, [Assyria/Sargon] was hostile [to]ward [Marduk-apla-id]dina. i 43–44) [The tenth year (712): Marduk-apla-idd]ina (II) [ravaged B t-...] … [(and) plunder]ed [i]t. ii 1–5) The [twelfth] year [of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (710): Sargon (II) came down to the land Akkad and did] battl[e against Marduk-apla-iddina (II)]. Mard[uk-apla-iddina (II) then retreated before him (and) fled to Elam. Marduk-apla-iddina (II) ruled Babylon for] twelve y[ears]. Sargo[n (II) ascended the throne in Babylon]. (The following lines are either not preserved or too poorly preserved to allow translation. When the text is again legible, it is dealing with the reign of Sennacherib.) (ii) Recension B (BM 75976 [AH 83-1-18,1338]) (CT 34 pls. 44–45) (Lacuna) ii 1´–2´) rul[ed Elam. Itar-#undu (utruk-Na##unte II), his] sist[er’s] son, [ascended the throne in Elam]. ii 3´–6´) The sixth year (716): Ass[yria ... ]. From the accession ye[ar of Marduk-apla-iddina (II)] until the tenth year, [Assyria/Sargon was hostile] toward Mar[duk-apla-iddina]. ii 7´–8´) The tenth year (712): Marduk-apla-iddina (II) ravaged B t-... (and) plu[nd]ered it. ii 9´–14´) The twelfth year of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (710): Sargo[n] (II) came down [to the land Akkad] and did battle against [Marduk-apla]-iddina (II). Marduk-apla-iddina (II) then [retreated] before [him] (and) fled to Elam. For twelve years [Marduk-apla-idd]ina (II) rul[ed] Babylon. Sargon (II) ascended the throne in Babylon. ii 15´–16´) The thirteenth year (709): Sargon (II) to[ok] the hand of Bl. He (also) captu[red] Dr-Yakn. ii 17´) The fourteenth year (708): The king (stayed) in [the land (Babylonia)]. ii 18´–19´) The fifteenth [yea]r (707): On the twenty-second day of the month Tartu (VII), the gods of the Se[a]land returned [to] their [shr]ines. There was plague in Assyria. ii 20´-21´) [The seventeenth year (705): Sarg]on (II) [marched] to the land Tabal [...] ... [...]. (Lacuna)

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Minor Variants and Comments

KUR.ur-ar-a-a-[a] respectively for KUR.URI-a-a. 31.1 spacing would suggest this exemplar had u not ù. 31.3–4 LUGAL and LUGAL*(copy: ] MA [) respectively for MAN. 31.3 a for á. 31.3–4 KIN for ip-ri. 31.3–4 ni-u-tim and ni-u-tim respectively for ni-u-ti. 32.3 al-qa-á-u for al-qa-á-ú. 32.3 omits ut in LÚ.uut. 32.3–4 bíl-tu for GUN. 32.3 man-da-at-tú for ma-da-at-tu. 32.3 UGU†-ú-un for e-li-ú-un. 33.3 ERIM.ME for a-ab. 33.3 URU.dima-qu for URU.di-ma-qa. 33.3 URU.sa-mir-i-na for URU.sa-me-rina. 34.3–4 [ta- a]-zu and ta- a-zu*(copy: SU) respectively for MÈ. 34.3 da-ur for da-ur. 34.3–4 ad-ke-e-ma and ad-ke-ema*(copy: GI) respectively for ad-ke-ma. 34.3–4 i-na for ina. 35.3 adds ni after URU.ME. 35.3 omits u in su-lum-mu-u. 35.3–4 add ME after GI.GIGIR. 35 lum of ANE.pét- al-lum follows ex. 3. Botta’s copy of ex. 1 has ANE.pét-AN, possibly for ANE.pét- allim/lum; Winckler’s copy has simply ANE.pét- al and the squeeze has ANE.pét-[x]. 36.3 ina for i-na. 36.3–4 -bi and [lìb]-bi respectively for À. 36.3–4 i-na and i-[na] respectively for ina. 36.3 u4-mi for u -me. 36.3–4 ar-du and ar*(copy: Ú-RI)-du respectively for ARAD. 38.3 ù for u. 38.3–4 i-[na] and i-na respectively for ina. 38.3–4 EN-ú-nu for EN-u-nu. 39.3 omits ma in it-ta-kil-ma (via spacing). 40.3 [gap-á]-a-te for gap-á-a-ti. 40.1 omits lu in mul-lu-su-nu. 40.5 [KUR].ma-na-[a-a] for KUR.man-na-a-a. 41.3 i-na for ina. 41.3 URU.ar†-me-et-ta for URU.ar-me-et. 42.3 a for á. 42.3 KUR.ú-a-a-u for KUR.ú-a-u. 42.5 KUR?-e for KUR-i. 42.3 ME in Monument de Ninive copy; 2 ME in Institut de France copy. 42.3 LUGAL-ti-[ú] for MAN-ti-ú. 43.3 ina U.II for i-na qa-ti. 43.3 adds ni after URU.ME. 43.3 ina for i-na. 44.3 a for á. 44.3 na-gi-i in Monument de Ninive copy; na-gi*(copy: RAD)-i in Institut de France copy. 46.3 e-du-ur-ma for e-dúr-ma. 47.5 adds ni after URU.ME. 47.3 al-lat†-su-un for al-la-su-un. 48.3 al-lasu†-nu for al-lat-su-nu. 49.3 omits the final a in KUR.ú-i-di-i-aa. 49.5 ki-[im-ti-ú] for kim-ti-ú. 50.3, 5 add i-na before qé-reb. 51 Wincker’s copy has i-it-tiu for i-a-ti-u; no exemplar known has this reading. 51.3 i-ati-ú for i-a-ti-u. 52.3 [x]+12: Monument de Ninive has [x]+2, while the Institut de France copy has [x]+12. 52.3 a-di 2*(copy: 1) in Monument de Ninive, but 2 in Institut de France copy. 52.3 ad-din-u-ma for ad-din-ú-ma. 52.3, 5 da-li-i -tum and da-li-i tum respectively for da-li-i -tu. 53.5 omits i in li-i-ti. 53 be-lí-ia: ex. 3 has EN-ia; ex. 4 has EN-[ia]; and ex. 5 has EN-ia. 53.3, 5 UGU-ú for UGU-u. 54.3, 5 LUGAL for MAN. 54.3 i-na for ina. 55.3, 5 ma-ur-ZU for mda-ur-le-i. 55 Winckler’s copy of ex. 1 omits la and ex. 3 omits the final a in KUR.al-la-ab-ra-a-a. 56.3, 5 omit d in mda-ur-ZU. 56.3, 5 qin-ni-u for qin-ni-ú. 57 Or URU.zuuk-ki-a for URU.su-uk-ki-a: ex. 1 has URU.su-uk-ki-a, while exs. 3, 5 have URU.su*(copy: ZU)-uk-ki-a and URU.su*(copy: ZU)-uk-kia respectively. 57.5 adds an extraneous Ú sign after URU.paap-pa. 57.3–5 i-na for ina. 57.5 ù*(copy: Ú-LU) for u. 58 The Journal Asiatique and Institut de France copies of ex. 3 have a? for á, but there are no traces of the sign on the Monument de Ninive copy; ex. 5 has a. 58.5 omits KUR.ni in KUR.ni-ik-saam-ma. 58 ak-u-ud: ex. 2 has ak†-ud*(copy: MU); ex. 3 has ak*(copy: KI)-ud; ex. 4 has [ak]-ud; and ex. 5 has ak-ud. 58.3, 5 u-a-tu-nu for ú-a-tú-nu. 59 mEN-LUGAL-ú- ur: ex. 2 has d EN-LUGAL-[ú]- ur; ex. 3 has mdEN*(copy: U)-LUGAL-ú ur*(copy: BI); and ex. 5 has md*(copy: E)EN-LUGAL†-ú- ur. 59.5

Text No. 7 1.4 omits m in mLUGAL-GI.NA. 1.3 GAL-ú for GAL. 1.4–5 LUGAL for the first MAN. 1.5 LUGAL for the second MAN. 2.5 LUGAL for MAN. 2.5 Botta’s copy omits KUR without any indication of damage; but the squeeze suggests [KUR]. 2.3 EME.GI7 for u-meri. 3.5 Botta’s copy erroneously omits ME after GAL; this was likely miscopied one line lower, after la. 4.4 LUGAL-ú-tu for arru-ut. 4.5 Botta’s copy has a ME after la, but this was likely an error since the ME after GAL in the previous line has been erroneously omitted by Botta. 4.3–4 ú-at-li-mu-in-ni-[ma] for úat-li-mu-ni-ma. 6.3–4 bár-sípa.KI and bár-sípa.[KI] respectively for bár-sipa.KI. 7.1 omits ú in i-bil-ta-ú-nu. 8.4–5 ÚRI*(copy: E†.MURUB4).KI and ÚRI*(copy: E.MURUB4).KI respectively for ÚRI.KI. 8.4 UNUG*(copy: MURUB4).KI for UNUG.KI. 9.5 ARARMA*(copy and squeeze: UD.MURUB4).KI for ARAMA.KI. 9 kul-aba4.KI: ex. 1 omits KI; and exs. 4–5 have kulaba4*(copy: MURUB4).KI and kul-aba4*(copy and squeeze: MURUB4).KI resepctivley. 10.4–5 a for á. 12.4–5 i-na for ina. 12.4–5 À-ú-nu for lìbbi-ú-nu. 13.4–5 i-[na] and i-na resepctively for the first ina. 13.1 Winckler’s copy omits ma in ib-i-ma. 13.4–5 i-na for the second ina. 13.4 MURUB4*(copy: UNUG) for MURUB4. 13.3–5 ù for u. 13.4–5 mu-né-e - u for mu-né- u. 14.5 [ a]-am-ma-a-mi for aam-ma-mi. 14.4 a for á. 15.4–5 ú-pat-ti-i-ma and ú†-pat-ti-i[ma] respectively for ú-pa-ti-ma. 16.3–5 ù for u. 16 da-na-ni: ex. 3 has da-na-a-ni; and exs. 4–5 have da-na-a-ni. 16.3–4 a for á. 16 MURUB4: exs. 3–4 have qa-bal; and ex. 5 has [qa]-bal. 17.3–4 omit ú in ru-qu-ú-ti. 18.4 á for the first a. 18 KUR.el-li-pí: ex. 3 has KUR.el-li-pi; ex. 4 has KUR.[el]-li-pi; and ex. 5 has [KUR].el†li-pi. 18.5 a for á. 18.5 ÍD.IDIGNA*(copy: BAR-GÚ) for ÍD.IDIGNA. 19.3–4 [LÚ].li-i-it-ta-a-a and LÚ.li-i-it-ta-[a-a] respectively for LÚ.li-i-ta-a-a. 19.4–5 LÚ.gam-bu†-lum and [LÚ.gam-bu]-lum† respectively for LÚ.gam-bu-lu. 21.4–5 ù† and ù respectively for u. 21.4–5 KUR.É-mda-ku-ri and [KUR].É-da†-ku-ri respectively for KUR.É-mdak-ku-ri. 21.3 omits m in KUR.É-msa-a-al-la. 21.5 u in ba-u-u not on Botta’s copy but visible on squeeze. 23.4 a for á. 23.4–5 i-na for ina. 23.4–5 ta -ta-a-ú and ta -ta-a-ú respectively for ta -ta-ú. 24.4–5 i-na and i-na respectively for ina. 24 si-it-tu-ti: ex. 3 has si-it-tu-te; ex. 4 has si-[it-tu]-te; and ex. 5 has si-it-tu-te. 24.4– 5 ma -ri-i for ma -re-e. 25.3–5 LUGAL for MAN. 25.3, 5 URU. azi-te and URU.[ a]-zi-te respectively for URU. a-zi-ti. 25.3, 5 LÚ.tur-ta-nu and [LÚ.tur?]-ta-nu respectively for LÚ.tar-tan-nu. 27 ma-da-at-tu: ex. 3 has mad-da-at-tum; ex. 4 has mad-da-[attum?]; and ex. 5 has mad-[da]-at-tum. 27.5 LUGAL for MAN. 27.3, likely 5 (via spacing) omit a in mit-a-am-a-ra. 28.5 ik-lu-u for iklu-ú. 28 am-nu-u: exs. 3, 5 have am-nu-ú; and ex. 4 has am-nuú. 29 MAN-ti-ú: exs. 3, 5 have LUGAL-ti-ú; and ex. 4 has LUGAL*(copy: AD [)-[ti-ú]. 29 ANE.pa-re-e: exs. 3, 5 have ANE.KUNGA.ME; and ex. 4 has ANE.KUNGA.ME. 29.3, possibly 4 (via spacing), 5 omit at in man-da-at-ti-ú. 29.4 adds an extraneous A sign before ma -ri-ti. 30 a is based on exs. 3 and 5. Winckler’s copy has á; this is presumably based on the squeeze of ex. 1, which appears to have á. 30.3, 5 mì- ir for mi- ir. 30.3, 5 ú-rap†-pi-á and ú-rappi-á respectively for ú-rap-pi. 31.3–4 KUR.ur-ar-a-a-a and

499

500

Minor Variants and Comments

ú-ra-u for ú-ra-ú. 60.3 DÙ-u-ma for [e]-pu-u-ma of ex. 1. Possibly instead DÙ-u-ma for ex. 1, but the spacing of the copy suggests [e]pu-u-ma is more likely. 60.3, 5 i-na for ina. 60.3 pi- a-ti†-ú for pi- a-ti-u. 61.2 á for a. 61.2 URU. ar*(copy: Á)- ar*(copy: A) for URU. ar- a-ar. 61.3–4 am-nu-ú for am-nu-u. 62.3 u-a-tú for u-a-tu. 62.3–4 i-na for ina. 62.3–4 lìb-bi for À. 63.4 URU.karm LUGAL-GI.[NA] for URU.kar-mMAN-GI.NA. 63.4 pa-i-ú for pa-iu. 64.4 ak-ud-ma for ak-u-ud-ma. 64 URU.É-mba-ga-ia: Winckler’s copy of ex. 1 omits m; and ex. 4 has URU.É-mba-ga-aa. 64.4 ak-udud for ak-u-ud. 66.4 ma- ar†-tú for ma- ar-tu. 66.2, 4 na-gi-i and na-gi-i respectively for na-ge-e. 66.5 adds an extraneous A sign before akudma. 66.4–5 ak-ud-ma for ak-uud-ma. 67.5 URU.e-ri*(copy: U)-ta-na or URU.e-ri*(copy: U)--ta-na for URU.e-ri-i-ta-na. 68.5 adds an extraneous A sign before a-di. 68.4 omits ni in URU.ME-ni. 68.2 omits me in lime-ti-ú. 68.3–4 [ak]-ud[(ud)] and ak-udud respectively for KURud. 70.3–4 ina for i-na. 70.3–4 a for á. 70.4 pa-i-ú for pa-i-u. 71.4 á-a-tu-nu for u-a-tu-nu. 73.4 i-mé-e-u for i-mi-u. 73.3–4 ina for i-na; the Monument de Ninive copy of ex. 3 does not have the ina but it is found on the Institut de France copy. 73 tùm† in ak-tùm†-ma: exs. 1 and 3–4 omit the Winkelhaken at the upper right of the sign, i.e, ÁBKÁR-DI; the sign not preserved on exs. 2 and 5. 74.4 KUR-ú for KUR-u. 74.5 According to Winckler, this exemplar has a-na after ipparidma, but Botta’s copy does not support this. 74.3–4 URU.mu- a- ir for URU.mu- a- i-ri. 76 d ba-ag-bar-tum: ex. 3 has dba-ag†-bar-tu; ex. 4 has dba-ag-bar-tu; and ex. 5 has [dba]-ag?-[bar]-tu. 76.3 DINGIR.ME-u for DINGIR.ME-ú. 76.5 omits m in mur-sa-a. 77.4 DINGIR-ú for DINGIR-u. 77.4–5 rama-[ni-ú] and rama†--ú respectively for ra-ma-ni-ú. 78 Winckler’s copy of ex. 1 has ki- ul-lu-ú ab-i (haplography by Winckler?); Botta’s copy of ex. 4 has ki ul-lu [x] ab†-[i] but the squeeze has ki- ul-lu-ú -ab-[i]. 78.5 omits ME in UN.ME. 78.5 a-ib for a-i-ib. 78.4 À-á for lìb-bi-á. 79.5 URU.mé-[lid-da-a-a] for URU.me-lid-da-a-a. 79.4–5 i-bu-uk-ma and i*(copy: AD)-bu-uk*(copy: ] UD)-ma respectively for e-bu-uk-ma. 79.4–5 i-na and i-[na] respectively for ina. 79.4 lìb*(copy: UD-A)-bi-ia*(copy: I) for À-ia. 80.4–5 mal for ma-la. 80.4–5 ba-u-u and ba-ú-u respectively for ba-u-ú. 81.1 URU.DU6-ga-rim-me: Botta’s copy adds an extraneous DI sign between ga and rim, but it is not present on the squeeze. 81.4 am-nu-ú for am-nu-u. 82.4 ERIM.ME (so squeeze) for a-ab. 82.4 KUR.kam-ma-an for KUR.kam-ma-nu. 82.1 The reading of ú in si- ir-ti-ú is based on ex. 4. Botta’s copy of ex. 1 has u†, while Winckler’s copy has u. The squeeze appears to support Botta’s copy with the sign ending with the tops of two vertical wedges next to one another. 82.5 omits ma in ú-á-a -bit-ma. 83.4 i-na for ina. 84.4–5 omit as in ú-ra-as-sibu-u-ma. 84.4 ina for the second i-na. 84.4 lib-bi-ia*(copy: AD) for lìb-bi-ia. 85.4 adds ME after GI.GIGIR. 85.4–5 ù for u. 85.4– 5 ANE.pét- al-lum and ANE*(copy: DU).[pét- al]-lum*(copy: SAL [) respectively for ANE.pét- al-lì-ia. 85.4 sa-al-me for sal-me. 85.4 i-da-a-a for Á.II-a-a. 86.4 mmut-tal-lum for mmut-tal-lu. 86 KUR.É-mpa-a-al-la: ex. 1 has KUR.É-[(m)]pa-a-al-la; ex. 4 has Ém pa-a-al-la; and ex. 5 has KUR.Ɇ-mpa-[a-al-la]. 87.4 Copy suggests ú was omitted in am-nu-ú, but squeeze suggests possibly [ú]. 93.4 Winckler’s copy indicates that this exemplar has KURú, but the text is not preserved at this point for this exemplar. 96.5 a for á. 96.5 á-u-nu-ma for á-a-ú-nu-ma. 96.5 pa-[(x)la]-a  for pa-la . 99.5 a for á. 101 al-lik-ma: ex. 1 has al*(copy: al†; squeeze: al)-lik-ma; and ex. 5 has al*(copy: DU; squeeze: al)-lik-. 101.5 a-lik for a-lak*(copy: KID) of ex. 1. 109.1 Botta’s copy omits ina, but the beginning of ina is visible on the squeeze. 110.4 Botta’s copy has [...] KU [..] approximately where ex. 1 has [...] SU [...]. 113.5 m*(copy: GI; squeeze: DI)ar-gi-tu for margi-ti. 113.4–5 [mu-e-zi]-bi-u and [mu]-e-zi-bi--u

respectively for mu-e-zi-bi-ú. 113.4–5 bil-tum for bil-tu. 113.5 man-da-at-tu for man-da-at-tú. 113.5 À-ia for lib-bi-ia. 114.4–5 ANE.pét- al-lì-ia and ANE.pét- al-lì-ia respectively for ANE.pít- al-li-ia. 114.4–5 a for á. 114.5 u-a-tú for ú-a-tu. 115 The number 62 is written with six Winkelhaken and two vertical wedges. 115.5 [ak]-u-ud for ak-ud. 115.1 Winckler’s copy for this exemplar has NÍG.GA and á-lu-lam-ma both fully preserved. 115.4 u-a-tu for ú-a-tú. 116.4 The copy would suggest that there was only room for one sign between SAG-ia and UGU. 116.4 LÚ.ERIM*(copy: UD; squeeze: ERIM).ME for ERIM.ME. 117.1 Botta’s copy of u GI†.az† in u GI.az-ma-re-e has the sign UL followed by two parallel horizontal wedges leading into a small damaged area, while Winckler’s copy has UL iz; see Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 224. 117.4 u4-mi for u4-me. 117 KUR.el-lipi†: Botta’s copy for pi† in ex. 1 has QA, thus likely pi. 118.4 ippu-u for ip-pu-ú. 119.4 e-é-er for e-e-er. 120.4 [te]-me-qí for te-me-qi. 120.4 gi-mil-li-u for gi-mil-li-ú. 120.4 [e-la]-mé-e for e-la-mi*(copy: LÍMMU)-i of ex. 1. 121.4 URU.mar-ú-bi-i-tu for URU.mar-ú-bi-i-ti. 121.4 da-li-i -tum for da-li-i -tú. 121.4 pa*(†; squeeze: PA)-nu-u-u for pa-nu-u-ú. 122.4 e-bu-uk-ma for i-bu-uk-ma. 123.4 re-e - u-ti for re- u-ti. 123.4 ERIM.ME for a-ab. 124.4 À for lìb-bi. 124.4 ina for i-na. 125.4 [m]dAMAR.UTU-IBILA*(copy: RA-U; squeeze: DUMUU)-SUM.NA for mdMES-A-SUM.NA. 125.4 a-at-[tu/tú] for at-tu. 125.4 im-qu-su-ma for im-qut-su-ma. 126.4 á-bu-tu for abu-te. 126.4 1-en for i-tén. 126.1 Winckler’s copy has pu-qu-du fully preserved. 131.1 Winckler’s copy indicates LUGAL-ti-, with space left for the ú, but no indication of damage. 134.1 Wincker’s copy omits d in dGI.BAR. 137.4 omits ú in ba-a-lu-ú-ti. 137.4 KUR.É-mia-ki-ni for KUR.É-mia-kin7. 138.4 ù for u. 138.4 KUR. aat-ti for KUR. at-ti. 139.4 ik-ud-da for ik-u-da. 139.4 i-na for ina. 139.4 mdMUATI-SIG5-DINGIR.ME for mdAG-SIG5-DINGIR.ME. 139.4 ELAM.MA.KI for KUR.ELAM.MA.KI-i. 139.4 URU.bir-tu for URU.bir-tú. 140.4 ma-a-tú for KUR. 140.4 i-na for ina. 140.4 [ma]- a-zu for ma- a-zi. 140.4 lìb-bi for lib-bi. 142.1 Winckler’s copy omits NA4.A.GÌ.GÌ. 143.4 omits a in KUR. a-ma-a-ni. 143.4 EME.GI7 for u†-me-ri of ex. 1. 144.4 NI.TUK.KI for dil-mun.KI. 144.1 Winckler’s copy omits d in dUTU-i. 145.4 kàd-ra-ú for kàd-ra-u. 145.4 omits ni in LUGAL.ME-ni. 146.4 ina for i-na. 146.4 UD.ME for u4-me. 147.4 i-na for a-na. 147.4 omits ni in LUGAL.ME-ni. 148.4 ina for i-na. 149.1 Winckler’s copy omits KUR after dáb-de-e. 151.4 na-gi-u for na-gi-ú. 154.4 URU.[NINA.(KI)] for NINA.KI. 155.3–4 i-li-im*(copy: PA; squeeze: IM)-ma and i-liim-ma respectively for DINGIR-ma. 155.3 bi-bíl for bi-bil. 155.3 À-x for lìb-bi-ia. 155.5 [URU.BÀD-mMAN]-GI.NA for URU.BÀDm MAN-GIN. 157.4 URU*(copy: GI; squeeze: URU).BÀD* (copy: LI; squeeze: BÀD)-mLUGAL-GI.[NA] for URU.BÀD-mMANGIN; according to Winckler, the NA is fully preserved. 157.1 Both Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have AN for È in LÚ.NU.È.ME. 158.1 Both Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have EN for BA in AN.GUB.BA.ME; and Winckler’s copy omits ME. 158.4 ma- ar-ú-un*(copy: MA-ZA) for ma- ar-u-un. 159.5 IM.LI for GI.LI. 160.1 Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have DU?/U?-NU-in and DU-NU-in respectively for u-i-in; for the correct reading, see Borger, BiOr 19 (1962) p. 253 sub CAD D p. 185b. No other exemplar preserves the u, but i is preserved on ex. 4. 160.4–5 GI.ere-ni and [GI].ere-ni respectively for GI.ere-IGI. 161 mese-er: exs. 3, 5, have mé-se-er; and ex. 4 has mé?-se-er. 161.3–4 [KUR. a]-at-ti and KUR. a-[at-ti] respectively for KUR. at-ti. 161 li-á-an: exs. 3 has li-á-a-ni; ex. 4 has li†-á-a-ni; and ex. 5 has liá-ni. 162.4 i-la-a-ni for i-la-an-ni. 162.3 omits ret in mé-e -ret. 162.3–4 omit TA in 50.TA.ÀM. 163.3–4 nam*(copy: IG)-ri-ir-ri and nam-ri-ir-ri*(copy: ] A) respectively for nam-ri-ri. 163.3–4 omit GI in GI.tim-me. 163.3 GI.ere-ni for GI.ere-IGI. 163.5 [ku]-bur-u-[un] for ku-bur-ú-un. 163.3 pirig-gal-le-e for

Minor Variants and Comments PIRIG.GAL-e. 164.3 KÁ-i-in*(copy: E-NI) for KÁ.ME-in. 164.1 Both Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have U for a. 164.3–4 SI.[GAR-i]-in and [SI.GAR]-i-in respectively for SI.GAR-in. 165.3–4 e-ru-u-in and e-ru-u-in respectively for e-ru-ui-in. 165.4 ab-im†- for ab-im-ma. 165.3–4 a-sur-ru-[in] and a-sur-ru-in respectively for a-sur-i-in. 165.1 Both Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have UN for tan in ma-ti-tan. 167.3–4 ruu-i-i for ru-u-e20-e. 168.3 ta*(copy: KID)-mar-tú for ta-mar-tu. 168.3–4 ú-am- ir-ú-nu-ti-ma for ú-am- ir-u-nu-ti-ma. 169.1 Winckler’s copy omits u. 169.3–4 á for a. 170.1 re-e*(copy and squeeze: KUR)-et for re-e-et. 170.3 KUR.ME for KUR.KUR.ME. 171.4 U-ia† for U.II-ia. 176.1 adds an extraneous sign before ù in Botta’s copy; not present on Winckler’s copy. 176.4–5 u for ù. 176.3 a-i-bu-ut for a-i-bu-ti. 178.1 Winckler’s copy omits the sign between LÚ and pa in LÚ.EN? pa- a-ti. 179.3 i-na for ina. 186.4 Both Botta’s and Winckler’s copies have NA for tu in itu-ut. 188 UD†: Only found on ex. 4, where Botta’s copy omits the final vertical wedge; possibly UD, but this cannot be confirmed from the squeeze. 194.4 Botta’s copy has lìb-bi Ú [x (x)] ka-bat-ti, where Ú could be the first part of ù (thus ù), while Winckler’s copy has lìb-bi-ú na-[mar] ka-bat-ti. The squeeze supports ù rather than na.

Text No. 9 1.8, 14, 18 omit ú in GAL-ú. 1.8 MAN for LUGAL (last three occurrences in line, not preserved for first two occurrences). 1 a-ur.KI: ex. 1 has da-ur.KI; and exs. 10, 22 have da-ur.KI. 2.16 MAN for LUGAL. 2.5 omits KUR. 2.22 u-me-ri for EME.GI7. 2 ù: exs. 12, 14, 22 have u; ex. 6 has u/ù; and ex. 10 has (x) where this might be u. 2 URI.KI: exs. 5, 8, 22 have ak-ka-de-e; and ex. 18 has ak--de-e. 3 da-ur: ex. 14 omits d; and ex. 10 has da-ur. 3 LUGAL-ut: ex. 5 has [ar]-ru-ut; exs. 6, 8 have ar-ru-ut, ex. 12 has LUGAL-tu; ex. 20 has ar-[ru]-ut; and ex. 18 has ar?-[ru-ut]. 4.10, 14 ú-at-li-mu-ú-ma for ú-at-li-mu-u-ma. 4 u-mì-u: ex. 8 has u-mì-ú; and exs. 10, 14, 22 have MU-ú. 4.10 ú-e- u-u for úe- u-ú. 5.12 á-ki-in for á-kin. 6.22 mu-á-á-i†-ik for mu-á-áík. 7.6 URU.kul-la-ba for kul-la-ba.KI. 7.8 ki†-is-sik.KI for kisik.KI. 8.12 UN.ME-u-un for UN.ME-ú-un. 8.14 ki-din-nu-ti for ki-din-nu-ut. 9.8 á for a. 9.20 ar-ra-na.KI for URU. ar-ra-na. 9.8, 16, 18 omit ú in it-ru- u-ú-ma. 10.10, 14, 16 u for ù. 10.10, 22 za-kut-sún for za-kut-su-un. 11.16 um-qu-[ut] for um-qut. 12 u-ut-bu-u: ex. 5 has u-[ut]-buú; and exs. 6, 12, 16, 18, 22 have u-ut-bu-ú. 12.12, 14 GI.TUKUL.ME-u for GI.TUKUL.ME-ú. 12.20 á-ki-in for ákin. 12.5 squeeze has md[ um-ba-ni]-ga-á, not d[...]-ga-á of copy. 13 LÚ.ELAM.MA.KI: ex. 5 has LÚ.ELAM.MA.KI-i; ex. 6 has LÚ.[ELAM.MA].KI-i; exs. 8, 20 have LÚ.ELAM.MA.KI-i, and ex. 18 has LÚ.ELAM.MA.[KI]-i. 13.12, 14 KUR.ma-na-a-a for KUR.manna-a-a. 14 KUR.zi-kir-tú: exs. 8, 16, 18, 20 have KUR.zi-kir-tu; and ex. 22 has KUR.zi-kir-tu. 15.10, 22 e-mi-du for e-mid-du. 15.8, 12, 14, 18 add d before a-ur. 15 URU.mu- a- ir: exs. 10, 20 have URU.mu- a- i-ri; and ex. 22 has URU.mu-[ a- i]-ri. 15.6, 8, 16, 18, 20, 22 a for á. 16 ex. 5 has [KUR].ú-ra-ar-a-a-a; ex. 8 has KUR.ú-ra-ar-a-a-a, and exs. 18, 20 have KUR.ú-ra-ar-a-a-a. 16.5, 12 pu-lu -ti-u for pu-lu -ti-ú. 16.14 adds ME after GI.TUKUL. 17.12 ra-ma-ni-u for ra-ma-ni-ú. 17.6 a-lil for á-lil. 18.5 KUR.a-ma-at-te for KUR.a-ma-at-ti. 18 KUR.kúm-mu- i: ex. 10 has URU.ku-um-mu- i; ex. 20 has URU.kúm-mu-[ i]; and ex. 16 has [URU?].ku-um-mu- i. 18.10, 16 URU.as-du-di and URU.asdu-di*(copy: KI) respectively for URU.as-du-du. 18 LÚ. a-at-te-e: ex. 8 omits LÚ; and ex. 22 has LÚ. a-at*(copy: I)-te9-e. 19.4, 10, 14, 18, 22 á for a. 19.1 omits UGU. 19.22 KUR.ME-ú/u-nu for KUR.ME-ú-nu. 20.6 Botta’s copy has SAG†.ME-[x] LÚ.NAM-ú-ti, where there would not be room to restore a-na as well as ú in SAG.ME-ú. 20.10, 12 LÚ.NAM-ti and LÚ.EN.NAM-ú-ti

501

respectively for LÚ.NAM-ú-ti. 20.12 i-tak-kan-nu-ú-ma for i-takka-nu-ma. 20.5, 10, 18 omit KI in a-ur.KI. 21.8, 10 im-nu-ú-nu-ti for im-nu-u-nu-ti. 21.12 omits la in ka-la. 21.1, 4, 18, and possibly 5 (based on spacing) omit m in KUR.É-m u-um-ri-a. 22 KUR.ta-ba-lu: ex. 4 has [KUR].ta-ba-li, exs. 6, 10, 12, 14 have KUR.ta-ba-li; ex. 16 has [KUR].ta-ba-li; and ex. 22 has KUR.ta-bali. 22.10, 20 á for a. 22.10, 16, 20, 22 i-na for ina. 23 KUR.muu -ri: ex. 4 has KUR.[mu]- u-ri; ex. 5 has KUR.mu- u-ri*(copy: EN); exs. 6, 12 have KUR.mu- u-ri; ex. 8 has KUR.mu- u-ri; ex. 18 has KUR.mu- u†-[ri]; and ex. 22 has KUR*(copy: E).mu*(copy: E) u-ri. 23.4, 10 omit a in mha-a-nu-nu. 23.10 MAN for LUGAL. 23.1, 10 (against copy by Botta) im-nu-u for im-nu-ú. 24.10 URU.i-nuu -te for URU.i-nu-u -ti. 24.1 mmì-ta-a for mmi-ta-a. 25.4, 16 á for the first a. 25 nu-ú-ni: exs. 10, 22 have nu-u-ni; ex. 14 has KU6.ME; and ex. 16 has KU6. 26 KUR.kam-ma-nu-u-a: ex. 1 has KUR.kam-ma-nu-u-a-a; ex. 5 has KUR.kam-ma-nu-ú-a; and ex.14 omits u. 26.10 adds an extraneous la between gu and ma of KUR.gúr-gu-ma-a-a. 27.20 á for a. 27.10, 14 KUR.KUR.ME-ú-nu for KUR.ME-ú-nu. 27.5 omits KI in a-ur.KI. 27.5 ú-ter-ru for ú-ter-ra. 28.1 omits ni in LUGAL.ME-ni. 28.10, 16 á for the first a. 28.10, 14 á for the second a. 28.10 á for the third a. 28 7 u4-me: Botta’s copy of ex. 6 has 4 u4-me while squeeze suggests 7 u4-me. 28.12, 14, 18 ina for i-na. 28.4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 tam-tim for tam-ti. 29.18 á for a. 29.16 it-ku-nu for it-ku-nat (error of modern copyist?). 29.10 The ka of ka-id is slightly abnormal in Botta’s copy, but the original is fine. 29.14 KUR.ara-i for KUR.ra-a-i. 29.10 KUR.pu-qu-du for LÚ.pu-qud-du. 30.10 URU.la- i-ra for URU.la- i-ri. 30.4–6, 12, 14, 18, 20 a for á. 30 ab-á-an-u: exs. 4–5, 10 have ab-á-an-ú; and ex. 6 has ab*(copy: DU)-á-an-ú. 30.12, 14 á-ki-in and a-kin respectively for á-kin. 30.5 BAD5.BAD5 for dáb-de-e. 30.10 Botta’s copy indicates dáb†-de†-e (basically the first two signs are run together) but collation indicates that there is nothing wrong with the signs. 30 mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA: Lyon’s copy of ex. 1 omits d, but Botta’s copy and the original have it present; ex. 6 has md[AMAR].UTU-A-SUM.NA; ex. 10 has mdÚ-A-SUM.NA as per the squeeze though m is omitted on Botta’s copy; and ex. 20 has mdAMAR.UTU-A-SUM.NA. 31.10 Despite Botta’s copy the bu and lem in a-a-bu lem-nu are written correctly. 31.10, 16 á for a. 31.10 omits i in ki-i. 31.10 Bezold, Literatur p. 87 indicates that the la is missing, but it is in fact present. 31.10 À for lìb-bi. 31 ar-ru-ut: ex. 6 has LUGAL†-tu†; and exs. 10, 16 have LUGAL-ut. 31 e-pu-u-ma: ex. 6 has e-pu-u-ma; ex. 10 has DÙ-u-ma; and ex. 16 has [x (x)]-u†-ma. 31.4, 14 tak-ú-du and tak-u-da respectively for tak-u-du. 32 GAL-tú: ex. 1 has GAL-tum; exs. 6, 12, 18, 20 have GAL-tu; and ex. 8 has [ra]-bi-[x]. 32.10, 14, 16 U.II-su for qa-as-su. 32.10, 14, 16 u-ru-u for ur-u. 32 URU.BÀD-mia-ki-in-ni: ex. 5 omits m; and exs. 5, 10, 14, 16 omit in. 33.4, 14 tuk-la-ti-u for tuk-la-ti-ú. 33.1 a*: The sign has one extraneous wedge. 33.10 á for a. 34.6, 10, 12, 14 tam-tim for tam-ti. 34.8 mú-pe-e-ri for mú-pe-ri. 34.8 MAN for LUGAL. 34.20 NI.TUK.KI for dil-mun.KI. 35.10, 16 á for a. 35.18 ina for i-na. 35 á: ex. 4 has a?; and exs. 5–6, 8, 12, 14, 18, 20 have a. 35 nu-úni: exs. 6, 10, 12 have nu-u-ni; and ex. 14 omits ú. 36.1 ta-mar-tu: The scribe appears to have written two horizontal wedges at the end of the mar sign, and then effaced the lower one. 36.5–6, 10, 12, 14, 20 it-pe-ú for it-pe-u. 37 mu-ta-bil: ex. 8 has mu†ta*(copy: IA)-bíl; and ex. 20 has mu-ta-bíl. 37 da-mì-iq-ti: ex. 12 omits iq; and ex. 10 has MUNUS.SIG5. 37.10 á for a. 37.8 u-úub for u-u-ub. 38.18 u for ù. 38.1 qi-ub-bé-e for ki-ub-bé-e. 38.18 ip-pa-a-te for ip-pa-a-ti. 39 ú-zu-un-u: ex. 6 has ú-zu-unú; ex. 10 has us-su-un-ú; and ex. 20 has ú-zu*(copy: SI)-un-ú?. 39.14 u4-me-ú-ma for u4-me-u-ma. 39.5–6, 12, 14, 18, 20 a for á; ex. 1 á*: The scribe appears to have written BUR, and then effaced the three initial horizontal wedges. 40.6, 10, 20 KUR-i for KUR-e. 40 ni-na-a.KI: ex. 6 has NINA*(copy: ABZA).KI; exs. 8, 10, 12, 20 have NINA.KI; and ex. 18 has NINA*(copy: ABZA).KI. Bezold, Literatur p. 87 indicates that ex. 10 omits the KI, though it is found on Botta’s copy.

502

Minor Variants and Comments

40.10, 12 DÙ-u-ma and DÙ-ma respectively for e-pu-u-ma. 40.10 Bezold, Literatur p. 87 indicates that the form of the URU before BÀD has an extra vertical wedge, but this is not the case. 40 URU.BÀD-mMAN-GIN: Lyon’s copy of ex. 1 omits m, but Botta’s copy and the original have it present; ex. 5 has [URU.BÀDm ]LUGAL-GI.NA; ex. 8 has URU.BÀD-mMAN-GI.NA; and exs. 10, 14, 18 have URU.BÀD-mLUGAL-GI.NA. 41 GI.KIRI6.MA- u: ex. 5 omits u; and for ex. 10, Bezold, Literatur p. 87 indicates PA rather than the GI of Botta’s copy, but the following sign simply runs right into the GI. 41 a: ex. 1 has á; and ex. 10 omits it. 42.10 KUR. a-at-ti for KUR. at-ti. 42.6, 10, 18 KUR-i for KUR-e. 42.12 DÙ-u-un for DÙ-ú-un. 42 u-ur-ru-u: ex. 5 has uur†-ru-ú; exs. 6, 10 have u-ur-ru-ú-ma; exs. 12, 14 have u-ruu-ma; and ex. 18 has u-ur-ru-ú. 43.10 á for the first a. 43.6 la-bi-ru-ú-ti for la-bi-ru-ti. 43.10, 18 á for the second a. 43.31 omits u in el-la-mu-u-a. 43.6 be-lu-tu for be-lu-ut. 44.1, 10 e-pu-uu-ma and e-pu-u-ma respectively for e-pu-u-ma. 45.10 À-ú-nu for lìb-bi-ú-nu. 45.13 a-ar-u for a-ar-ú. 45.18 ú-mas-si-ma for ú-ma-i-ma. 45.8, 18 u-u-ub-u and u-ú-ub-ú respectively for u-u-ub-ú. 46.8, 10 ÍD-u*(copy: MA) and ÍD-u respectively for ÍD-ú. 46 ip-pa-te-ú: ex. 6 has ip-pa-a-ti-ú; ex. 8 has ip-pate-u; exs. 10, 13, 20 have ip-pa-ti-ú; and ex. 14 has ip-pa-ti-ú. 46.1 omits na in a-na. 47.8 á-a-i for á-a-ú, which is possibly modern copyist error of I for Ú. 47 zuq-qú-ur: The qú of ex. 10 omits the top horizontal. 48.23 omits ia in be-lu-ti-ia. 48 mu-u: exs. 5, 10, 14 have mu-ú; and ex. 8 has mu-i, which is possibly modern copyist error of I for Ú. 48.10 a -rim*(text: KU)-ma for a -rim-ma. 49.6, 13, 15 e-me-e for e-mé-e. 49.13, 15 u4-me for u4mu. 50.15 ina for i-na. 51.10 Despite Botta’s copy, the al in GI.allu is fine. 51 ú-at-ri-ik-ma: The squeeze of ex. 5 indicates at, not of Botta’s copy. 52 li-bit-tu: exs. 13, 15 have li-bit-tú; ex. 19 has li-bit-ti*(copy: ME?); and for ex. 10, as in Botta’s copy, the tu has a slightly anomalous form, omitting one horizontal wedge. 52 a-ra-a : Bezold, Literatur p. 87 indicates a-i+na-a for ex. 10, but the ra is fine. 53.15 á for a; and for ex. 10, the sign á* (as in Botta’s copy) omits the top wedge. 53 SAG.DU: ex. 5 omits SAG; exs. 6, 13 have qaq-qa-di; ex. 9 has qaq*(copy: BA)-qadi; and ex. 19 has qaq-[qa-di]. 54.7 i-na for a-na. 54.10 ri-mi-ti-ina for ri-mì-ti-i-na. Botta’s copy has ri-mi-ti-ú-na, but this is not correct. 54.15, 19 i-pat-ta-qa and ú-[pat]-ti-qa respectively for ipat-ti-qa. 56.3, 9 pe-el-u and pe-el-u respectively for pe-el-ú. 56 u-e-e-ú: ex. 3 has u-e-e-u; ex. 5 has u-e-[e]-u; and ex. 15 omits e. 57.25 pa-rak-ku for pa-rak-ki. 58.7, 11, 25 á for a. 58.9 ur-ú-du for ur-u-du. 59 d30: exs. 3, 7, 9, 13, 15, 19 have d EN.ZU; ex. 5 has dEN.[ZU]; and ex. 21 has dEN.ZU. 59 dMA: exs. 3, 25, 27 have dnin-urta; and ex. 19 has d*(copy: LA)nin-urta. 60 qer-bu-u-u: ex. 3 has qer-bu-u-ú; and exs. 7, 15, 25, 27 have qer-bu-u-ú. 60.11 omits ME in É.GALME. 61 GI.mu-sukkan-ni: ex. 5 has [GI.MES.MÁ].KAN.NA?; exs. 7, 13, 15, 27 have GI.MES.MÁ.KAN.NA; and in ex. 25, suk is missing one interior vertical wedge. 61.11, 25 GI.ere-ni for GI.ere-IGI. 61.15, 25 GI.dáp-ra-ni for GI.dup-ra-ni. 62 GI.IM.LI: exs. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 21, 27 omit GI; the squeeze indicates (with Botta’s copy and against Pohl’s copy [RPARA 19]) that ex. 11 omits GI; and ex. 25 omits IM. 62 u: ex. 3 has ù; and exs. 9, 13, 19, 21, 25 have ù. 62.1 GI.bu-u-nu for GI.bu-u-ni. 62.27 a-na for i-na. 62.3 qí-biti-u-nu for qí-bi-ti-ú-nu. 63 ar-ru-ti-ia: exs. 11, 25 have LUGALti-ia; ex. 15 has MAN-ti-ia; ex. 23 has LUGAL-ti-ia; and ex. 27 has MAN-ti-ia. 64 GI.ÙR.ME: exs. 15, 21 have GI.gu-u-re; and ex. 19 has [GI.gu]-u-re. 64 GI.ere-IGI: ex. 3 has .ere-ni; exs. 11, 23, 25 have GI.ere-ni; and ex. 19 has .ere-IGI. 65.21 omits ni in GI.mu-suk-kan-ni. 65.13, 15, 27 me-ser for mé-se-er. 65.19 nam-ra? [(x x)] for nam-ri. 66.25 The ta in ú-rat-ta-a is missing one horizontal wedge. 67.25 omits pa in ap-pa-a-ti. 67.15 KUR. at-te for KUR. at-ti. 67 a: ex. 3 has á?; and exs. 11, 25 have á. 67.1, 25 ina for i-na. 67.11, 23, 25 EME for li-á-an. 68.7 omits KI in MAR.TU.KI. 68 i-la-ni: exs. 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 21, 25, 27 have i-la-an-ni; ex. 5 has i-la-an-ni; ex. 15 has  i-la-a-ni; and

ex. 19 has i*(copy: Ú)-la-an-ni. 68.7, 11, 15, 25, 27 i-á-as-ú for i-á-as-u. 69.5 mé-e -ret, not mé-e - of copy. 69 KÁ.MEi-in: ex. 3 has KÁ.ME-in; ex. 7 has KÁ.ME-in; ex. 19 omits i; and ex. 25 has ba-bi-i-in. 70.3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 19, 25, 27, and probably 21 (restored via spacing) add ME after UR.MA; Winckler’s copy has UR.MA e, but no known exemplar has this reading. 70 tu-a-a-me: exs. 2, 11 have tú-a-a-me; and ex. 3 omits a. 70.2 The GÚ portion of GUN omits the two initial small vertical wedges (as on Botta’s copy). 71.25 á for a. 71.2 omits i-na. 71.2 omits á in dnin-á-gal. 71 ip-pat-qu-ma: exs. 7, 27 have ip-pat-qu-ú-ma; and ex. 19 has ippat-qu-[(ú)]-ma. 72.5 (against Botta copy), 25 mal-lu-u for ma-luú. 72.7, 11, 13, 15, 25, 27 add GI before tim-me. 72.11, 26 GI.ereni for GI.ere-IGI. 72 u-ta- u-te: in ex. 2, the Winkelhaken of u has not been cut out fully but is nonetheless visible on the original; ex. 4 has u-ta- u-ti; exs. 7, 9, 11, 13, 19, 21, 25, 27 have u-ta- u-ti; and ex. 15 has u-ta- u-ti. 72.15, 27 á for a. 72.2 omits TA in NINDA.TA.ÀM. 73 ku-bur-u-nu: ex. 5 has kubur-ú-un; exs. 7, 11, 21, 27 have ku-bur-ú-un; and ex. 15 has ku-bur-ú-nu. 74.3, 7, 9, 27 add GI before dáp-pi. 74 ba-bi-i-in: ex. 3 has ba-bi-in; ex. 5 has KÁ.ME-in; ex. 7 has KÁ.ME-in; exs. 11, 15, 25, 27 have KÁ.ME-i-in; and ex. 23 has KÁ.ME-iin. 75.2 adds an extraneous u (an erasure?) between ad and di of ad-di. 75 á: exs. 3–4, 7, 13, 15, 21, 25, 27 have a; and exs. 5, 19 have a. 75.11, 25 add ME after NA4. 75 KUR-i: ex. 9 omits KUR; and ex. 27 has KUR-e. 76.25 The tiq in ap-tiq-ma has only one vertical wedge at the beginning of the sign. 77 SI.GAR-i-in: ex. 3 has SI.GAR-in?; ex. 5 has SI.GAR-in; and exs. 9, 15, 25, 27 have SI.GAR-in. 77 NA4.pi-li: ex. 3 has NA4.pi-[(i)]-li; and exs. 11, 25 have NA4.pe-el. 78 qa-ti-ia: ex. 9 has U-ia; ex. 23 has U.II-ia; and exs. 25, 27 have U.II-ia. 78 e-ru-u-in: Botta’s copy of ex. 5 has e-ru-u--in and the squeeze suggests eru-u-(x)-in; exs. 15, 27 have e-ru-u-i-in; and in ex. 25, the e omits one horizontal wedge. 78.25 a-sur-ri-in for a-sur-ru-i-in. 79.9 omits a in a-na. 79.9 omits U in GÉ.U. 79.5 Botta’s copy has U*(copy: MAL), while the squeeze indicates 1 U. 80 mi-e-e -ti: ex. 21 omits ti; and ex. 25 has [mi]-i-i -ti. 80.3 adds an extraneous ME after mi-e-e -ti. 80.3, 15 BÀD-u for BÀD-ú. 80 e-li: exs. 5, 25 have UGU; and exs. 7, 27 have i-li. 81.27 ú-ar-e-da for ú-ar-i-da. 81 te-em-me-en-ú: ex. 3 has te-em-meen?-u; ex. 7 omits em; exs. 9, 13, 15, 27 have te-em-me-en-u; and ex. 19 has te-em-me-en-u. 81.3 after i-na. 81 ù: exs. 2, 13, 15 omit it; ex. 9 has u; and ex. 11 has [u]/. 81.5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23 omit a in ar-ka-a-ti. 82.4 me-e -[ret] for mé-e -ret. 82 ap-te-e-ma: ex. 13 has ap-te9-e-ma; and exs. 15, 21 omit e. 83.19 d á-ma for dUTU. 84.11, 25 á for a. 85.15, 25 mu-di-a-at and mu-di-á-at respectively for mu-di-á-at. 85.5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 19, 23, 25, 27 dEN.LÍL for dBAD. 86.9 u for ù. 86.11, 15, 23, 25, 27 á for a. 86 da-nu: ex. 7 has da*(copy: ZA)-num; and exs. 13, 15, 21, 25, 27 have da-num. 87 qa-ti-ia: ex. 5 has U.II-ia; and exs. 7, 11, 13, 15, 25 have U.II-ia. 88 ù: exs. 5, 11, 19, 23 have u; and ex. 9 (via spacing) has u?. 88.5, 19 dINANNA for di-tar. 88.11, 15, 21, 23, 25 á for a. 88 IM.MAR.TU: in ex. 2, the MAR sign was originally written as copied by Botta, but the extra horizontal wedge at the end of the sign was then erased, resulting in a correct form; and ex. 19 adds an extraneous KUR sign between IM and MAR. 88.21 mu-te-ir*(copy and squeeze: SAL) for mute-ir. 88.19 nag-bi-u for nag-bi-ú. 89.11, 21 u for ù. 89 á: exs. 3, 21 have a; exs. 5, 7, 13, 15, 17, 19, 23 have a; and ex. 9 has a*(copy: U). 90 IM.U18.LU: ex. 3 has IM.U19.LU; exs. 5, 11, 15, 17, 27 have IM.U19.LU; ex. 7 has IM.U19.[LU]; and ex. 19 has IM.U19*(copy: LA).LU. 90 pa-le-e: exs. 11, 23 have BALA-e; and exs. 13, 15, 28 have BALA.ME. 90 e-pi-i-u: ex. 5 has e-pi-i-u/ú; ex. 7 has e-pi-i-ú; exs. 13, 15, 27–28 have e-pi-i-ú; and ex. 25 has e-pii-ú. 91 um-ma-ni-u: ex. 3 has um-ma-ni-ú; ex. 7 has [ERIM].I.A*(copy: ZA)-ú; exs. 11, 15, 23, 27–28 have ERIM.I.Aú; ex. 13 has um-ma-ni-ú; and ex. 21 has [um-ma]-ni-ú. 91 BÀDú: ex. 5 has BÀD-ú/u, though Winckler’s copy omits the

Minor Variants and Comments ú/u; and exs. 9, 27 have BÀD-u. 91.25 te-em-me-en for te-meen. 91 a-li-u: exs. 3, 5, 9, 19 have a-li-ú; exs. 11, 15, 23, 25, 28 have URU-ú, and exs. 13, 27 have URU-u. 92.7 omits la in la-bar (though possibly [la]-bar). 92.7, 15, 27, 28 u4-me for UD.ME. 92 ru-qu-ú-ti: exs. 1, 17 omit ú; and ex. 5 has SÙ.ME. 92 al- u-ú: exs. 3, 7 have al- u-ú-u; ex. 4 has [al]- u-ú-u; exs. 5, 9, 11, 17, 21, 23, 25, 27 have al- u-ú-ú; and ex. 19 has al- u-ú-u. 92 liá-nu: exs. 5, 11, 13, 15, 23, 25, 27–28 have EME; ex. 7 has EME; and ex. 17 has EME*(copy: NAG). 93.5, 11, 15, 17, 28 a- i-tú for a i-tu. 93 a-i-bu-ut: ex. 7 has [a-i]-bu-ti; exs. 13, 15, 28 have ai-bu-ti; and ex. 27 has a-i-bu-tu. 93.4–5 u for ù. 93.17 KUR for ma-a-ti. 93 ma-la: exs. 11, 13, 23, 27–28 have mal; and for ex. 15, Botta’s copy, which has mal, is correct, while Pohl’s copy, which indicates mà-la, is erroneous. 93.2 ir-te-u-u, with u omitted on Botta’s copy. 94.15, 28 gi-im-ri for gim-ri. 94.4, 11, 23 á for a. 94 zi-kir: ex. 7 has zik-ri; exs. 11, 13, 15, 27–28 have zik-ri; and ex. 17 has [zik]-ri. 94 ina: exs. 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 25, 27–28 have i-na; ex. 17 has i-na; ex. 19 has i?-na?; and ex. 23 has i-na. 94.3, 9, 17 mé-tel for me-tel. 95 a-ur.KI: The copy for ex. 21 has ur.KI, but the squeeze has a-ur.KI; and ex. 28 omits KI. 96.2 The uz in u- u-uz has five slanted wedges at the beginning (2+3) rather than four. 96.5 i-bit-te for i-bit-ti. 96.13 adds ME after DINGIR. 97.3, 9, 13 ú-ma-e-er-u-nu-ti for ú-ma-e-er-ú-nu-ti. 97 ul-tu: ex. 5 has ul-tú; and exs. 7, 11, 13, 15, 28 have ul-tú. 97 ipìr: exs. 7, 11, 13, 15, 25, 27–28 have i-ip-ri; and ex. 23 has i-ipri. 98.28 ú-qat-tú-ú for ú-qat-tu-ú. 99.11, 13, 15, 27–28 omit e in aq-re-e-ma. 99.2 omits ta in ta-il-ta-i-na. 99.15 The kun in á-kun is perfectly correct (with Botta’s copy and against Pohl’s copy). 99.5, 11, 15, 23, 28 á for a. 99 first dUTU-i: exs. 13, 15 have d am-i; and ex. 28 has dam-. 99.2 The ù is Ú-LU. 99 dUTU-i: exs. 13, 15, 28 have dam-i; and ex. 19 omits d. 100.13 a-ti-na for á-ti-na. 100.2 There are the ends of two horizontal wedges at the end of mar in ta-mar-ta-ú-nu, rather than one. 100.4 possibly [ta-mar-ta]-u-[nu], but placement not certain. 100 ka-bit-tú: ex. 3 has [ka]-bit-tu; ex. 4 has [ka-bit]tu; exs. 5, 19 have ka-bit-tu; exs. 7, 13, 27 have ka-bit-tu; and ex. 9 has ka*(copy: ] U)-bit-tu. 101 á-a-u: Winckler’s copy omits a; exs. 3, 11, 15, 19, 21, 27–28 have á-a-ú, and ex. 23 has [á]-a-ú. 101.5 [qa]-ti-[ia] for U.II-ia. 101 li-im-ma- i-ir-ma: ex. 3 has lim-ma-[ i]-ir-[ma]; ex. 7 has [lim]-ma- i-ir- ; exs. 9, 21 omit the final ma; ex. 11 has lim-ma- i-ir-ma; exs. 13, 15, 25, 28 have lim-ma- i-ir-ma; ex. 19 has lim-ma- i-ir-; ex. 23 has lim-ma-[ i-ir-ma]; and ex. 27 has lim--ma- i-ir-. 101 pa-nu-u-ú-un: ex. 5 has pa-nu-u-u-un; ex. 9 has [pa-nu]-u-uun; and ex. 25 has pa-nu-u-u-un. 102.13, 15, 28 a-i-ib for a-ab. 102.19 omits i in ki-i - i-ú-un. 102.19 u for ù. 102 kun-nu: exs. 3, 5, 19 have GIN; ex. 7 has ku-un; and exs. 11, 13, 15, 27–28 have ku-un. 102.25 pa-li-ia for BALA.ME-ia. 102.19, 21 liq-bu-u for liqbu-ú. 102.11 du-ur for du-rí. 103.11, 15, 21, 23, 28 á for a. 103 qa-ti-ia: exs. 3, 28 have U.II-ia; ex. 19 has U.II-ia; and ex. 23 has U.II-ia. 103 ú-nak-ka-ru-ma: exs. 13, 27 have ú-nak-ka-ruú-ma; and ex. 19 has ú-nak-ka-ru-[(ú)]-ma. 103.28 The final ú in ú-sa - u-ú is in the form KID. 104.5 Against Botta’s copy this exemplar has ú-am-sa-[ku]-ma. 104.3 si-ma-te-ia for si-ma-ti-ia. 104.2 The ú in ú-pa-á-á-u is in the form KID. 104 d30: ex. 5 has d[EN].ZU; ex. 9 has dEN†.[ZU]; and ex. 19 has dEN.ZU. 104.5 dá-ma for dUTU. 105.11 u for ù. 105.3 Botta’s copy has a-KUbi-ú with wide spaces between the signs and no indication of damage; the passage is not clear on the squeeze, but might be a[i]-ib? [(x)] x-bi-ú. 105.21 lìb-bi-u for lìb-bi-ú. 105.13 MU-u for MU-ú. 105.9 NUMUN-u*(copy: MA) for NUMUN-ú. 105.2 ina for i-na. 105.27 ma-a-ti for KUR. 105 lil-qu-tú-ma: ex. 5 has [lil]-qu?-tu-ma, ex. 7 has lil-qu-tu-ú-ma; exs. 9, 19 have lil-qutu-ma; ex. 13 has lil-qu-tu-ú-ma; ex. 21 has lil-qu-tu-ma; ex. 23 has lil-qu-tu-ma; and ex. 27 has lil-qu-tú-ú-ma. 106 i-na: ex. 3 has ina; ex. 19 has ina*(copy: AL); and ex. 21 has ina. 106.13, 15, 28 LÚ.KÚR-u for LÚ.KÚR-ú. 106.2, 21 li-e-i-bu-ú for li-ei-bu-u.

503

Text No. 10 1.3 A for É.GAL; possibly [É].GAL or É.[GAL] but the Monument de Ninive copy would not support this. 1.2 mMANGI.NA for mLUGAL-GI.NA. 1.3 GAL-ú for GAL-u. 2.2 MAN for LUGAL. 2.3 -á-ti in Monument de Ninive copy, but IdF copy suggests [LUGAL/MAN ki]-á-ti. 2.2–3 ki-á-ti and -á-ti respectively for ki-á-tim. 3.2. MAN for LUGAL. 3.3 daur for a-ur.KI. 3.1 omits RA in KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI. 4.2 MAN for LUGAL. 4.3 Possibly insufficient room to restore KUR as well as LUGAL (or MAN) at start of line. 4.2 EME†.GI7 for u-me-ri. 4.2–3 ak-ka-de-e for URI.KI. 5.2 á for a. 5.2 ina for i-na. 5.3 omits tu in tu-kul-ti. 6.2 dna-bi-um for dAG. 6.2 dAMAR*(copy: BI). for d AMAR.UTU. 7.2 KUR.ia†-ad-na-na in Monument de Ninive copy but KUR.ia-ad-na-na in JA and IdF copies. 8.2 omits mu in KUR.mu- u-ri. 8.2 KUR.mu-us*(copy: UD)-[(x)]-ki for KUR.mu-uki. 9.3 a-mur-re-e for MAR.TU.KI. 9.2 ra*(copy: DUMU)-pa-á-ti† for DAGAL-tim. 9.3–4 a-na and a-x respectively for ana. 9.3 si i-ir-ti-á for si- ir-ti-á. 10.2–3 nap†- a†-ar† and [nap- a]-ar*(copy: UL) respectively for nap- ar. 10 ru-qu-te: ex. 2 has ru*(copy: À)-qu-ú*(copy: KID)ti in Monument de Ninive copy, though IdF copy has ru-qu-ú-ti; ex. 3 has ru-qu-ú-ti; and ex. 4 has ru-qu-ú-ti. 11.2 adds an exraneous sign between pa and a of pa-a. 11.2–3 KUR.el†-li†-pi† and [KUR].el-li-pi respectively for KUR.el-li-pí. 11.3–4 KUR.ra-ai for KUR.ra-a-e. 12.2 LÚ†.a-ra-me for LÚ.a-ri-me. 13.2–3 a-i-ib for a-ib. 13.3 ÍD.su-rap-pu*(copy: E) for ÍD.su-rap-pi. 16.2 a for á. 16.4 KUR.ELAM..KI for ELAM.MA.KI. 17.3–4 [KUR].kár†-ddu-ni-á and KUR.kár-dun-iá- respectively for KUR.kár-dun-iá-á. 17.2 e- ù ap-, but the JA and IdF copies both have e- ù ap-li†. 18.3–4 KUR.É-mia-ki-ni for KUR.É-mia-GIN. 18.3–4 ki-ad*(copy: TAR) and ki-ad respectively for GÚ. 19.3–4 ÍD.mar-ra†-a-ti and ÍD.mar-ra-a-ti respectively for ÍD.mar-ra-te. 20 i-be-lu-ma: ex. 2 has i-bí*(copy: AM-DI)-lu-ma; ex. 3 has ibí-lu-ú-ma; and ex. 4 has i-bí-lu-ú-ma. 20.2–3 SAG.ME-u† and SAG.ME-u respectively for SAG.ME-ú. 22.2–4 omit ú in i-tak-ka-nu-ú-ma. 23.4 be-lu-ti-ú for be-lu-ti-u. 23.2–3 e†-mid-nu-ti and e-mid-su†-nu*(copy: A)-ú-ti respectively for emid-su-nu-ti.

Text No. 11 1.2 LUGAL for first MAN. 2.2 u-me-ri for EME.GI7. 2.2 ak-ka-de-e for URI.KI. 3.2 dAMAR.UTU for dMES. 5.2 am-i for dUTU-i. 5.1 Monument de Ninive copy has pa-a*(copy: MA), but the JA and IdF copies have pa-a. 8.1 Monument de Ninive copy has KUR.ma-da-a*(copy: Á)-a, but the JA and IdF copies have KUR.ma-da-a†-a. 8.2 a for á. 9.2 KUR.ra-a-i for KUR.ra-a-e. 9.2 a for á. 12.1–2 have DUL† and DUL for DU6 respectively. 12.2 á for a. 13.2 u for ù. 15.1 Botta’s copies indicate the first sign in the line is not preserved, but Winckler’s copy, which is based on this exemplar, has a; ex. 2 has á. 15.2 ki-ad for GÚ. 15.2 ÍD.mar-ra-ti for ÍD.mar-ra-te. 19.2 omits i in i-na 20.2 URU.NINA for NINA.KI. 23.2 omits GI in GI.IM.LI. 26.2 GI.MES.MÁ.KAN.NA for GI.mu-suk-kan-ni. 28.2 né-reb-i-in for né-reb-in. 29.2 omits a in i-la-a-ni. 30.1 omits e in ú-e-pi-á. 30.2 ba-bi-in, while ex. 1 has KÁ.ME-[(in)]. 31.2 tu-á-a-me for tu-a-a-me. 32.2 a for á. 34.2 u-ta- u-ti for u-ta- u-te†. 36.1 Monument de Ninive copy has ú-kin†-ma, while the IdF copy has ú-kin-ma. 37.2 ba-bi-in for KÁ.ME-in. 38.2 a for á. 38.2 omits ti in er-bet-ti. 39.2 SI.GARi-in for SI.GAR-in. 41.1–2 qa-ti-u*(copy: MA [) and U.II-u respectively for qa-ti-u; Winckler’s copy made for ex. 1 has qa-ti. 41.1–2  e†-ru†[u]-in and e*(copy: AD)-ru†-u-in respectively for e†-ru†-uin; Winckler’s copy made for ex. 1 has e-ru-u-in. 42.1 Monument de Ninive copy has ra†, while the IdF copy has ra for

504

Minor Variants and Comments

tab†-ra-a-ti. 43.1 Winckler’s copy made for ex. 1 has te-ne-e-ti, not the da-ád-me*(copy: DI) of Botta’s copies. In addition to omitting a gap between the third and fourth vertical wedges (taken here to be the end of ÁD and the beginning of ME), Botta’s copies may have omitted an indication of damage in the space following the fourth vertical wedge and thus ex. 1 may have had da-ád-me not da-ád-me*(copy: DI). 43.2 a for á. 43.2 ul*(copy: AMAR)-tu for i-tu; Winckler’s copy made for ex. 1 has ul-tu, with i-tu as a variant. 44.2 i*(copy: MA)-na for ina. 45.2 i-[na] for ina. 45.1 omits pir in i-pir.

Text No. 12 1.2–3 mLUGAL-GIN for mLUGAL-GI.NA. 1.2 MAN*(copy: ME) for LUGAL. 1 ki-á-ti: ex. 2 has Ú; and exs. 3–4 have ki-á-tim. 2.3, 5 adds d before a-ur.KI. 2.2 omits RA in KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI. 3.2 MAN for LUGAL. 3.4–5 u-me-ri and u*(copy: MA)-me-ri respectively for EME.GI7. 3.2–3 URI*(copy: U-Á-Á).KI and URI.KI respectively for ak-ka-di-i. 4.2 á for a. 4.3 ina for i-na. 6.2 qa-bal for MURUB4. 6.3–5 omit second a. 6.3 a-lam for á-lam. 8.3, 5 KUR.mu-us-ki for KUR.mu-u-ki. 9.2, 4 KUR.< a>-at*(copy: I)-ti and KUR. a-at-ti respectively for KUR. at-ti. 9.2 ana? for ana. 10.5 nap*(copy: AB)- a*(copy: ZA)-ar for nap-har. 10.4 omits um in gu-ti-um.KI. 11.3, 5 a for á. 11.4–5 KUR.el-li-pi for KUR.elli-pí. 12.2 á for a. 13 LÚ.a-ri-me: ex. 2 has LÚ.a-ra-me; ex. 4 has LÚ.a-ra-[me]; and ex. 5 has LÚ.a-ra/ri*(copy: É)-mi*(copy: I). 13.2 a-ib for a-i-ib. 13.2 a- i for a-a . 14 ÍD.su-rap-pi: The variant ÍD.su-rap-pe-e in Winckler, Sar. pl. 38 is a misunderstanding of Botta, Monument de Ninive 3 pl. 10 (=ex. 3) line 9 in which pi†/pí† is followed by ÍD† for ÍD.uq-né-e; and ex. 5 has ÍD.[su]-rap*(copy: LUGAL)-pu. 15.2 omits d in URU.DU6-d umba. 16.3–4 a for á. 18.5 KUR.É-mia-ki-ni for KUR.É-mia-GIN. 18.2 á for a. 18 ki-á-di: ex. 2 has GÚ; and exs. 3, 5 have ki-ad. 19.2 ÍD.mar-ra-te for ÍD.mar-ra-ti. 20.2, 5 [a]-bíl-ma and a-bil-ma respectively for a-be-el-ma. 20 SAG.ME-ia: ex. 2 has SAG.ME-iá; and exs. 4–5 omit ME. 22.2–3 omit tak and ma respectively in á-tak-kan-ma. 23.2, 4–5 i-na for first ina. 23 u4-me-ú-ma: ex. 3 has u4-me-u-ma; and ex. 5 omits ma. 23.3, 5 i-na for second ina. 23.3, 5 ba-[ u-la]-ti and ba- ula†-ti respectively for ba- u-la-te. 24.3–5 a for á. 24 da-ur: ex. 3 omits d; and ex. 4 has da-ur. 25 ú-ak-ni-ú-ma: exs. 3–4 have úak-ni-u-ma; and ex. 5 has ú-[ak-ni]-u-ma. 26.3, 5 omit a in abá-a-ni. 26 Winckler, Sar. pl. 38 no. III (based upon ex. 1) has ki, not ki-i. 27.3–4 i-na for ina. 27 Winckler, Sar. pl. 38 no. III (based upon ex. 1) has e-le-nu, not e-le-en. 28.4–5 i-na for ina. 28.3, 5 bibíl†/bil† and bi-bil respectively for bi-bíl. 28.3 e-pu-u-ma for DÙ-u-ma. 29.3–4 URU.BÀD-mLUGAL-GIN and URU.BÀDm LUGAL-GI.NA*(copy: UD) respectively for URU.BÀD-mMANGIN. 31.5 [GI].MES†.MÁ.GAN.NA for GI.mu-suk-kan-ni. 31.3, 5 GI.EREN† and GI.EREN respectively for GI.ere-ni. 31.3–5 GI.dup-ra-ni for GI.dáp-ra-ni. 32.2, 4 omit GI in GI.IM.LI. 32.3, 5 u for ù. 33.2, 5 MAN-ti-ia*(copy: ] MA-A) and arru*(copy: MAL)-ti-ia respectively for LUGAL-ti-ia. 34.5 ù*(copy: Ú-MAL) for ù. 34.5 DINGIR*(copy: A-UR).ME for DINGIR.ME. 34.3 a-i-bu-tu for a-i-bu-ut. 35.4–5 i-[na] and i-na respectively for ina. 35 qer-bi-i-in: ex. 1 omits bi; and exs. 2, 5 have qer-bi-in. 35.4–5 omit e in aq-re-e-ma. 36.3, 5 ma- ar-u-un and ma- ar--un respectively for ma- ar-ú-un. 37 first a: ex. 1 omits it; and ex. 2 has á. 37.2 á for second a. 38.5 ik*(copy: U)-nu-ú-ma for ik-nu-u-ma. 39.2, 5 nap-at-su-[(x x)]un and nap-at-su-[(x)]-un respectively for nap-at-sún. 39.2, 5 KUR-ia for ma-ti-ia. 40.2 omits á in LÚ.á-pi-ri. 41.3 á-tam-mi for á-tam-me. 42.2–3 ta-mar-ta-ú-nu for ta-mar-ta-u-nu. 43 ka-bit-tu: ex. 2 has ka-bit-tú; and ex. 3 adds an extraneous DI sign between ka and bit. 44.5 ina for i-na. 45.2–3 omit na in á-ta-kan-na. 45.3 ni-gu-tu for ni-gu-tú.

Text No. 13 1 mLUGAL-GI.NA: exs. 1, 9 omit m; and ex. 3 has mLUGAL-GIN. 1.2, 5 MAN and MAN respectively for second LUGAL. 2 first LUGAL: ex. 3 has MAN; and exs. 5, 7 have MAN. 2.3, 5 MAN for second LUGAL. 2.9 ki-á-tim for ki-á-ti. 2.2–3, 5, 8 MAN for third LUGAL. 2.4, 6, 9 add d before a-ur.KI. 2.5 omits a in aur.KI. 3.3, 5 MAN for LUGAL. 3.5, 7–8 KUR u-me-ri for EME.GI7. 4.9 u for ù. 4.2, 9 URI*(copy: Á-Á).KI† and URI.KI respectively for ak-ka-de-e. 6 mu-á-á-ík: ex. 4 has mu-[á-á]-ik; ex. 7 has mu-á-á-ik; and ex. 9 has mu-á-á-i-ik. 6 ÚRI.KI: exs. 2–3 have LÚ for E (as part of ÚRI); and MURUB4 for UNUG (as part of ÚRI) in all clear cases except ex. 4. 7 MURUB4 for UNUG in all clear cases except ex. 4. 7 MURUB4 for UNUG (as part of ARARMA) in all clear cases. 7 kul-aba4.KI: MURUB4 for aba4 in all clear cases except ex. 4; and ex. 7 has kul-la-ba.KI. 7.5 ki-is-sik.KI for ki-sik.KI. 8 URU.né-med-dla-gu-da: ex. 2 has URU.né-med†d la*(copy: MA)-gu*(copy: SAL)-da*(copy: AN); ex. 6 has .né-med-dla-gu-da.KI; and ex. 8 has URU.né-med-dla-gu-du. 9 ki-din-nu-ut: ex. 4 has ki-din-nu-tu*(copy: KUR-MA); and exs. 6, 8–9 have ki-din-nu-tu. 10.9 URU. ar-ra-an for URU. ar-ra-na. 12.3 ERIM.ME for aab. 12.7 adds an extraneous DI sign after da-nim. 12.4 u for ù. 13.5 adds an extraneous A sign between u and ru of i-u-ru. 13.4–5, 7 za-kut-su-un for za-kut-sún. 13.2, 4 e-lum and e-lum respectively for e-lu. 14.2 omits BAD5-e in BAD5.BAD5-e. 15 LÚ.ELAM.MA.KI-i: ex. 3 has LÚ.ELAM.MA.KI-i†/e†; and exs. 6, 8 omit i. 16.1, 7 KUR.kar-al-lu for KUR.kar-al-la. 16.3 URU.ki-e-si† (or less likely URU.ki-e-su†) for URU.ki-e-su. 17 URU. ar- ar: ex. 3 has URU. ar- a-ar; ex. 4 has URU†. ar- a-ar; and ex. 6 has URU. ar- a*(copy: A-U)-ar. 17.5 omits final a in KUR.ma-da-a-a. 17.2–3, 6 el-li-pí for KUR.el-li-pi. 18.4, 6, 9 e-me-du for e-mid-du. 18.6 omits a in da-ur. 19.3 KUR.TILLA for KUR.ur-ar-i. 19.7 URU.mu- a- i-ru for URU.mu- a- ir. 20.6–7, 9 a-gi for á-gi. 20.5 KUR.zi-kir†-tú? for KUR.zikir-tu. 21.7, 9 KUR.ma-na-a-a for KUR.man-na-a-a. 23 na-pi-i: exs. 2, 9 have na-pí-i; ex. 3 has na-pí-i*(copy: AN); ex. 4 has na-pí-[i]; and ex. 6 has na-pi*(copy: I)-í. 23.7 KUR.kam-ma-nu for KUR.kam-ma-ni. 24.3–5 á for a. 24.9 mgu-un*(copy: KID)-zi-na-ni for mgu-un-zi-na-nu. 24.1 adds an extraneous a before ul-tu. 24.2–3, 7 TA for ul-tu. 25.3 omits reb in qé-reb. 25.1–2 LUGAL-tiu for LUGAL-ti-ú. 26 KUR.ME-ú-nu: ex. 3 has KUR†.KUR-ú-nu; ex. 4 has KUR.ME-u-nu; and ex. 6 has KUR.ME-u-[nu]. 27.7 LÚ.GAR-nu-ti for LÚ.á-ak-nu-ti. 28 LUGAL-ut: exs. 1, 6 have LUGAL-tu; ex. 7 has LUGAL-ú-tu; and ex. 9 has LUGAL-. 28.2 omits m in mtar- u-la-ra. 29.2 omits LÚ in LÚ.URU.mar-qa-saa-a. 29.3–4 á for a. 30.3 omits KI in a-ur.KI. 31 ú-ter-ru: ex. 3 omits ru; and ex. 9 has ú-ter-ra. 31.4, 6 ka-a-id for ka-id. 31 URU.sa-mir-i-na: exs. 3–4, 6, 9 have URU.sa-me-ri-na; and ex. 7 has URU.sa-me-ri*(copy: UR)-na. 32.3 gi-mi?-[(x)]-ir for gi-mir. 32 KUR.É-m u-um-ri-a: ex. 1 omits m; and ex. 5 has KUR.É-m um-ri*(copy: UR-Ú)-a. 33.9 alil for á-lil. 33.7 URU.as-du-ú-di for URU.as-du-di. 34.3, 5 á for the first a. 34.5 KUR.ia-am-na-a*(copy: MIN)- for KUR.iaam-na-a-a. 34.4–5 á for the second a. 34.2 tam-ti for tam-tim. 35.9 nu-u-ni for nu-ú-ni. 35.4, 6 omit a in i-ba-a-ru. 36.3, 9 KUR.kas-ku and KUR.ka-as†-ki respectively for KUR.ka-as-ku. 36 KUR.ta-ba-li: ex. 1 has KUR.ta-ba-a-li; ex. 3 has KUR.ta-bal[li/la]; ex. 6 has KUR.ta-bal-la; and ex. 7 has KUR.ta-bal-li. 37.1, 7 KUR. i-lak-ku for KUR. i-lak-ki. 37.6 does not appear to have sufficient room to restore [ù KUR. i-lak-ku] at the beginning of the line. 37 mmi-ta-a: ex. 3 has mmì-ta-a; and ex. 6 omits m. 38.3–5 MAN for LUGAL. 38.4, 6, 9 KUR.mu-u-ki for KUR.mu-us-ki. 38.3 á for a. 38 ina: ex. 5 has i-na†; and exs. 7–8 have i-na. 38.4, 6 omit i in KUR.ra-pi- i. 39.8 omits e in BAD5.BAD5-e. 39.7 KUR.mu-u -ri for KUR.mu- u-ri. 40.3, 5 MAN for LUGAL. 40.7, 9 URU. a*(copy: ZA)-a-zi-ti and URU. a-a-zi-ti respectively for URU. a-zi-ti. 41.3 im-nu-u for im-nu-ú. 41.5 omits ni in mu-ak-ni. 42.4 omits ni in

Minor Variants and Comments LUGAL.ME-ni. 42.3 á for a. 42.8 na-gi-i for na-ge-e. 43.3 á for both a. 44.2–4, 6 ina for i-na. 44.8 qa-bal for MURUB4. 44.9 it-kunat for it-ku-na-at. 45 u-bat-su-un: ex. 3 has u-bat-x*(copy: ÚIZ), possibly for u-bat-sún or u-bat-ú-un?; and exs. 5, 7–9 have u-bat-sún. 45.6–7 md[AMAR].UTU-A*(copy: MIN)-SUM.NA and md AMAR.UTU-A-SUM.NA respectively for mdAMAR.UTU-IBILASUM.NA. 46.3–4 MAN for LUGAL. 46.5 does not appear to have sufficient room to restore [LUGAL KUR.kal-di] at the beginning of the line. 46.2 a-i-[ib] for a-ib. 46.6, 9 ki-ad for GÚ. 46.4 ÍD.mar-ra-te for ÍD.mar-ra-ti. 47.3, 5 á for a. 47.6 À for lìb-bi. 47.1, 7 LUGAL-tu and LUGAL-tum† respectively for LUGAL-ut. 48 e-pu-u-ma: ex. 1 has e-pu-u; ex. 4 has e-pu--ma or possibly simply e-pu-u*(copy: MA); ex. 5 has e-pu-u-[(ma)]; and ex. 8 has e-pu-u-ma. 49 GAL-tu: ex. 3 has GAL-tum?; exs. 4–6 have GAL-tum; and ex. 8 has GAL*(copy: MA)-tum. 49.1 U.II-su for qa-as-su. 49.1 KUR-u for KUR-ú. 50.3, 7 [DAGAL]-ti and DAGAL-ti respectively for DAGAL-tim. 50.4, 6–7, 9 omit ú in i-zu-zu-ú-ma. 51.4 ina for i-na. 52.5 omits RA in KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI. 52.5 omits ù. 52.8 SAG-u for SAG-ú. 53.5 does not appear to have sufficient room to restore [LÚ.GAR.KUR KUR.gam-bu-li] at the beginning of the line. 53.5–7, 9 im-nu-ú-ma for im-nu-ma. 54.1 e-mi-du for e-mid-du. 54.1 ni-ruu-u for ni-ru-u-ú. 54 mú-pe-e-ri: exs. 5, 7–8 omit e; and ex. 9 omits m. 55 dil-mun.KI: ex. 6 has NI..KI; ex. 7 has NI.TUK†.KI; and ex. 9 omits KI. 56.2, 4, 7, 9 ina for i-na. 56.7 tamti for tam-tim. 57.1 nar*(copy: MA-TAB)-ba-a- u for nar-ba- u. 58.8 be-lu-ti-u for be-lu-ti-ú. 59.3–4 ina for i-na. 60.2–4, 6 á for a. 61.4 EN*(copy: NA).ME-[(x)]-u for EN.ME-ú. 61.3, 6 á? and á respectively for a. 61.7–8 ú-atbu-ú-ma for ú-at-bu-ma. 62 ú-ra-si-bu: exs. 2, 6–7 have ú-ra-si-ba; ex. 3 has ú-ra-si-ba?; ex. 8 has ú-ra-si-bu-ma; and ex. 9 has úra†-[si]-ba. 62 ga-re-e-u: ex. 4 omits e; ex. 6 has ga-re-e-ú; ex. 7 has ga-re--ú; and ex. 9 has [ga]-re--ú. 63.3 i-, or possibly TA†, for i-tu. 63.2–3, 5–6 á for a. 63.8 qa-bal for MURUB4. 63 tam-tim: ex. 3 has [tam]-ti; and exs. 6–7 have tam-ti. 64.7 dUTU-ú (or miscopied ú for i) for dUTU-i. 65.3, 6 KUR.mu-u-ki for KUR.mu-us-ki. 65.8 omits KI in MAR.TU.KI. 65 DAGAL-tu: ex. 2 has DAGAL-tum; ex. 3 has DAGAL†-tim?; and exs. 6–7 have DAGAL-tim. 66.3 nap- ar*(copy: IMA) for nap- aar. 68.7–8 ru-qu-ú-ti for ru-qu-ti. 68.3 á for a. 69.3, 6 KUR.el-li-pí for KUR.el-li-pi. 69 KUR.ra-a-i: ex. 3 has KUR.ra-a-e; and exs. 7– 8 have KUR.ra-a-ú (possibly copyist error for i). 70.3 has I [x x (x)] following KUR.ELAM.MA.KI and before á. 70.3, 6 á for a. 70.7 a- i for a-a . 73.9 LÚ. a-am-ra-a-nu for LÚ. a-am-ra-nu. 73.2, 6 LÚ.ú-bu-lu and LÚ.ú-bu-lu respectively for LÚ.ú-bu-lum. 74.5–6 LÚ.ru-u-u8-a and LÚ.ru-u8†-a respectively for LÚ.ru-u-ú-a. 74.1 Winckler’s copy omits i of lii-ta-a-a. 75.7 ÍD.su-ra-[(ap)-pi] for ÍD.su-rap-pi. 76.2 LÚ.gambu*(copy: KUR)-lu for LÚ.gam-bu-lum. 77.7 does not appear to have sufficient room to restore all this line. 77.2, 4 LÚ.pu-qud-du for LÚ.pu-qu-du. 77.9 LÚ.su-te9-e for LÚ.su-te-e. 78.9 mal for mala. 78.3 [ba]-ú-ú for ba-u-ú. 79.5, 6 ul*(copy: AMAR)-tú and ul-tú respectively for ul-tu. 79.3, 6 omits u and ú respectively in KUR.sa-am-u-ú-na. 80.2, 5–6, 9 copies have DUL for DU6 in URU.DU6-d um-ba; only ex. 1 has DU6. 81.2 á for a. 82 KUR.É-ma-muk-ka-ni: ex. 1 has KUR.É-ma-muk-ka-a-ni; ex. 4 has KUR.[É-(m)a]-mu-[ka-(a)-ni]; and exs. 5–6 omit m. 83 KUR.É-mda-ku-ri: ex. 2 has KUR.É-[m]dakku-ri†; ex. 6 has KUR.É-[m]dak-ku-ri; and ex. 9 has KUR.É-mdakku*(copy: KI)-ri. 83.2 omits m in KUR.É-mil-a-ni. 85 ma-la: exs. 3–4 have mal; and ex. 7 has mal?. 85 KUR.É-mia-ki-ni: ex. 1 has KUR.É-mia-GIN; ex. 2 has [KUR].É-mia-ki-in-ni; ex. 3 has [KUR.Ém ]ia-GIN; and ex. 4 adds an extraneous A sign between m and ia. 86.6 á for a. 86.6 x (x) for ki-ad; possibly ki†-ad or GÚ†. 86.7 dil-mun.KI for NI.TUK.KI. 87.9 i-bí-lu*(copy: KU)-ú-ma for ibí-lu-ma. 87.4 omits u in LÚ.u-ut. 87 SAG.ME-ú: exs. 5, 8 omit ME; and ex. 6 has SAG.ME-u. 88.9 omits ME in LÚ.EN.NAM.ME. 88.9 UGU-u-nu for UGU-ú-nu. 88.9 i-tak-kanu-ú-ma for i-tak-ka-nu-ma. 89 e-mid-su-nu-ti: ex. 5 omits mid;

505

and ex. 8 has e-mid-su-nu-te. 90 u4-me-u-ma: ex. 3 has [u4]-mi*(copy: BI)-ú-ma; ex. 4 has u4--ú-ma; and ex. 6 has u4-me-ú†-ma. 90.4, 6 ina for i-na. 90.3–4, 8 ba- u-la-te for ba- u-la-ti. 91.6 adds an extraneous sign after na-ki-ri. 91.4 U.-u for U.II-ú. 91.5 omits a in da-ur. 92.8 dMES for dAMAR.UTU. 92.5 ti-[ik]-li-u for ti-ik-li-ú. 93 isqu-u-ú: exs. 4, 6 have i-qu-u-ú; and ex. 7 has i-qu-u-in. 93.7 è-e-me for è-em. 94.4, 6, 8 ina for i-na. 94 e-le-nu: exs. 2, 6 have e-le-na; and ex. 5 omits nu. 95 URU.NINA: ex. 2 has NINA*(copy: NABZA).KI; ex. 4 has NINA.KI*(copy: U); exs. 6, 9 have NINA.KI; and ex. 7 has URU.NINA.KI. 95.2, 4 ina for i-na. 95 lìb-biú: ex. 1 has lib-bi-u; ex. 2 has [...] BE; ex. 3 has [lìb]-bi-ia; and ex. 4 has lìb-bi-ia. 96.3, 9 URU.BÀD-mMAN*(copy: 30)GIN*(copy: ] ME) and URU.BÀD-mMAN-GIN*(copy: I) respectively for URU.BÀD-mLUGAL-GI.NA. 97.1, 5 iz-ku-ru and izku-ru respectively for iz-ku-ra. 97.3, 9 omit ME in É.GAL.ME. 97.1 adds an extraneous sign after AM.SI. 98.5 GI.SA-U-ni for GI.mu-suk-kan-ni (likely modern copyist error). 98.3 [GI].ereni for GI.EREN. 99 GI.dup-ra-nu: ex. 3 has GI.dáp-ra†-a-ni; exs. 4, 7 have GI.dup-ra-ni; and ex. 6 has GI*(copy: QA).dáp-rani*(copy: IR). 99.4, 6, 8 add GI before IM.LI. 99.4 u for ù. 100 LUGAL-ti-ú: ex. 3 has MAN-ti-ú; and exs. 7–8 have LUGAL-ti-u. 100.4, 7, 9 qer-bu-u-ú for qer-bu-u-u. 101.3 GI.ere-ni for GI.EREN. 102.4 ú*(copy: KID)--ri- a for ú-atri- a. 103.3 GI*(copy: MA).MES.MÁ.[KAN.NA] for GI.mu-sukkan-ni. 103.5–6 GI.mu-suk-ka†-ni and GI.mu-suk*(copy: À)ka*(copy: I)-ni respectively for GI.mu-suk-kan-ni. 103 mé-se-er: ex. 3 has me-[se-er]; and exs. 4, 7, 9 have me-se-er. 105.8 né-reb-iin† for né-reb-in. 106.4 omits ti in KUR. at-ti. 106.4, 9 ina for ina. 106.1, 8 omit KI in MAR.TU.KI. 107.2, 4, 6 omit a in i-la-a-ni. 107.4, 8 i-á-as-su-u for i-á-as-su-ú. 108 ba-bi-i-in: exs. 2, 6, 9 have KÁ.ME-in; ex. 4 has ba-bi-in; and ex. 7 has KÁ.ME-i-in. 108.4–5, 7, 9 add ME after UR.MA. 109.8 tu-a-a-mi for tu-a-ame. 109.1 ar5 for ÁR. 109.6 omits U in GÉ.U. 109.8 8 U for 6 U. 109 50.ÀM: ex. 2 has 40.ÀM; ex. 4 has 40.ÀM; ex. 5 has [...]+40.ÀM*(copy: DI-AN); ex. 7 has 50.TA.ÀM; and ex. 9 has 60.TA.ÀM. 110.8 mal-tak-tú for mal-tak-ti. 111.2, 4, 6, 9 ina for i-na. 112.7 ip-pat-qu-ú-ma for ip-pat-qu-ma. 112 nam-ri-ri: exs. 4, 7–8 have nam-ri-ir-ri; and ex. 9 has nam-ri-ir*(copy: NI)-ri. 113.2, 6 omit GI in GI.tim-me. 113.1, 7 GI.ere-IGI and GI.ere-ni respectively for GI.EREN. 113.1 Winckler’s copy has TAR for u in u-ta- u-ti. 114.5, 9 omit 1. 114 ku-bur-ú-un: ex. 5 has kubur-u-un†; and exs. 7–8 have ku-bur-u-un. 115.5 ú-kin*(copy: LU)- for ú-kin-ma. 116.4 adds GI before dáp-pi. 116 KÁ.ME-i-in: exs. 2, 4, 6–7 have KÁ.ME-in; ex. 5 has ba-[bi-i]in; ex. 8 has ba-bi-i-in; and ex. 9 has ba-bi-i*(copy: Ú)-in. 117.6 ad-de-e for ad-di. 117.4, 6–9 omit ME in dLAMMA.ME. 118.8 á for a. 118.6 KUR-i/e*(copy: DÙ) for KUR-i. 118 nak-li: ex. 4 has [nak]-li-i; and ex. 5 omits li. 119.5 ú-á-a -bi-ti for ú-áa -bi-ta. 120.7 SI.GAR-in for SI.GAR-i-in. 120.8–9 NA4.pe-el and NA4†.pi-i-li respectively for NA4.pi-li. 120.6 [GAL].ME for GAL.ME. 121.7 U.II.ME-ú for U.II-ú. 121 e-ru-u-in: ex. 4 omits ru; and ex. 7 has e-e-ru-u-in. 122 a-sur-ru-in: ex. 2 has [a-sur-ru-i]-in; exs. 5, 8–9 have a-sur-ru-i-in; and ex. 6 has a-surru-i*(copy: ME)-in. 124 a-i-bu-ut: ex. 1 has a-i-bu-ti; ex. 4 has a-bu-ut (modern copyist error?); and ex. 7 has a-i*(copy: Ú)bu-tu. 125 a-ur.KI: ex. 4 copy has d[x x] qer-bi-á, which likely was a-ur†.[KI ina] qer-bi-á; exs. 7, 9 have da-ur.KI; and ex. 8 has da-ur.KI. 125.3, possibly 4 (restored via spacing) ina and [ina] respectively for i-na. 125 qer-bi-in: ex. 4 has qer-bi-á; ex. 5 has qer†-bi-i-in; and ex. 9 has qer-bi-á. 126.1 Winckler’s copy omits SISKUR in UDU.SISKUR.ME. 126.6 ma- ar-u-un for ma ar-ú-un. 127.8 ru-u-i-i for ru-u-e20-e. 127 ar-pi: ex. 3 has

ar*(copy: SUK)-pu*(copy: E-NU); ex. 4 has  ar-pu; and exs. 5, 8–9 have ar-pu. 128.7, 9 eb-bu for eb-bi. 128.4 ta-mar-tú for tamar-tu. 129 ú-am- i-ir-ú-nu-ti-ma: ex. 1 has ú-am*(copy: É)- iir-u-nu-ti-ma; ex. 3 has ú-am- ir-ú-[nu-ti-ma]; ex. 5 has ú-am-

506

Minor Variants and Comments

ir-ú-nu-ti-ma; and ex. 7 has ú-am- i-ir-u-nu-ti-ma†. 130 nu-pa-ar-ú-un: ex. 5 has nu-pa-ar-u-un; and ex. 8 adds an extraneous ZA sign between ar and ú. 131.3 da-ur† for daur. 131.3 a-bu*(copy: KUR) for AD. 132.2 has [...] DINGIR.[(x)].ME for this line; this may be a modern dittography, based upon the previous line, which has exactly the same thing. 132.3, 6, 8 ina for i-na. 132 bu-ni-ú: ex. 1 has buun-ni-ú; ex. 3 has [bu]-un†-ni-[ú]; and exs. 6–7 have bu-ni-u. 133.1 el-lu-ti for KÙ.ME. 133 lip-pa-lis-ma: ex. 3 has [lip]-pa-liis-[ma]; and ex. 6 omits lis. 136.4–5 ina for i-na. 136 pi-i-ú: ex. 1 has pi-i-u; ex. 3 has [pi-i]-u; and ex. 6 has pi*(copy: UD)-i-u. 136.4, 6–9 KÙ for el-li. 137.3, 7 li*(copy: BU[)-[i?-á-kin-ma] and li-á-kín-ma respectively for li-á-kin-ma. 139.4 omits ù. 139 mu-á: ex. 3 has [mu]-u; ex. 5 has mu-; and ex. 7 has muu. 139.1, 7 li-tab-ru-ú-ma and [li-tab-ru]-ú-ma*(copy: IZ) respectively for li-tab-ru-ma. 141.2–3 qí-bi-tu-ú and [qí]-bi-tu-ú respectively for qí-bitu-u. 141 ba-nu-á: ex. 2 has ba-nu-ú-[(x)]-á; and exs. 5–6 have ba-nu-ú-á. 143.3 [lit]-tu-[(x)]-tú for lit-tu-tu. 144.3, 9 da*(copy: A-UR)-ru-ú-ti and da†-ru-ú*(copy: NUN)-[ti] respectively for da-ru-ti. 145.1 i-na for ina. 145 el-le-ti: exs. 2, 6 have el-le-tim; ex. 4 has [el]-le-tim†; and ex. 5 has el*(copy: MÁ)-le-tim†. 146.3 adds an extraneous ta between li and a of li- a-a. 146 a-i-ib: ex. 2 has [a]-i- or [a]-ib*(copy: I); and ex. 6 has a-ib. 146.1, 3 lib-biá and lìb-bi*(copy: NI IR)-x-[x-(x)]-á respectively for lìb-bi-á. 147.2–3 ina for i-na. 147.4, 6 add ME after UZU. 147.1 lib-bi for lìb-bi.

Text No. 14 2.1 Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 erroneously has ki-á-ti for ki-á-tim. 3.1 Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 erroneously has GI7 present. 3.2 [akka-de]-e for URI.KI†. 6.1 Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 has e-tep-pu-a á PA+KI [x]. 8.1 Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 erroneously omits URU. 9.2 [an-du-ra]-ar-ú-un for an-du-ra-ar†-u-un. 10.1 for ul-[tu] u4-me, Botta’s copy has ul-[x] AN. Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 has ul-tu UD.ME. 10.2 [ul]-lu-ti for ul-lu-ú-ti. 11 á†ru-u-á†: ex. 1 omits á; and ex. 2 has [á]-ru*(copy: KI)-uá*(copy: ZA). 13.2 kan*(copy: I)-ú-te for kan†-u-ti. 14.2 GÌR.II-iá for GÌR.II-ia. 14.2 ul-tu for i-tu. 14.2 á for a. 15.2 u for ù. 15 mu-u-ki from ex. 2; copy of ex. 1 has mu-[x] x; Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 has mu-us(var. u)-ki. 17.2 nap- ar for nap- a-ar†. 17.2 omits ú in ru-qu-ú-ti. 18.2 á for a. 18.2 KUR*(copy: E).el†-li-pí for KUR.el-li-pi. 19.2 á for a. 19 Winckler, Sar. 2 pl. 40 has a-ib for á. 20.2 LÚ.su-te-e for LÚ.su-ti-i. 21.2 á for a. 22.2 [dte]-li-ti for d te-li-tim. 23.2 á for a. 24.2 ù for u. 31.1 copy has [x] AM DINGIR IA? MA [ which presumably stands for è-em DINGIR-ma i-[ or è-em DINGIR--ma [. 35.4 [GI.dup-ra]-ni for GI.dup-ranu. 38.3 ap-pa-a-te for ap-pa-a-ti.

Text No. 22 4.5 ba-nu-u for ba-nu-ú. 7.5 e-ru-u-ú for e-ru-u-u. 9.5 lìb-bi for lib-bi.

Text No. 30 1 Copy of the traces on the squeeze for u in URU.a-am-qa-[x]ru- u:

Text No. 41 1 mMAN-GI.NA: exs. 1, 6, 9, 13, 15, 17, 21–22, 40, 42 have mMANGIN; and exs. 7, 11, 44 have mLUGAL-GI.NA. 1 GAR: exs. 11, 44

have á-ak-ni; and ex. 42 has GAR-nu. 1.11, 44 d†EN. and d EN.LÍL respectively for dBAD. 1.6 omits NU in NU.È. 1.28 omits first MAN. 1.7 LUGAL† for first and second MAN. 1.3 omits third MAN. 1.2, 17 omit KI in a-ur.KI. 2 á-kin: exs. 1, 3, 8, 10, 13–15, 26–27, 29–30, 44, 46 have á-ki-in; ex. 11 has á*(copy: A)-ki-in; and ex. 45 has á-ki-in. 2 u-ba-re-e: ex. 7 has ú-ba-re-e; ex. 15 omits e; and the u in ex. 17 omits the final vertical wedge. 3.6 ZIMBIR*(copy: .KIB.NUN).KI for ZIMBIR.KI. 3.46 The EN sign (as part of NIBRU) has two horizontal wedges. 3 a-a-tin: ex. 2 omits a; and ex. 22 adds an extraneous ti between a and tin. 3 en-u-te-ú-nu: exs. 1, 11, 45 have en-u-ti-ú-nu; ex. 2 has [en-uti-ú]-un; exs. 3, 6 have en-u-te-ú-un; ex. 8 has en-u-te-u-nu; ex. 9 has en-ú-te-ú-nu; ex. 10 has en-u-ti--nu; ex. 14 has [en]-u-ti--nu; exs. 29, 31 have en-u-ti-u-un; ex. 35 has enu-ti-ú-nu; and ex. 42 has en-u-ti-[ú-nu]. 4.7 omits a in ake-e. 4.1 The li in mu-al-li-mu appears to omit the final vertical wedge. 4 i-bíl-ti-ú-un: The bíl in ex. 1 has two superimposed vertical wedges rather than one vertical wedge at end; ex. 2 has i-bíl-tú-u-un; ex. 3 omits ú; exs. 8, 13, 44, 46 have i-bíl-ti-uun; ex. 11 has i-bíl--u-un; the bil in ex. 15 may be an error of modern copyist for bíl; ex. 16 omits ti; ex. 22 has i-bíl-teú*(text: NU)-un; ex. 26 has [ i-bíl]-ti-ú-nu; exs. 27, 38 have ibíl-ti-ú-nu; the ti in ex. 28 appears to omit the vertical wedge; ex. 29 has i-bíl-ti-u-nu; ex. 31 has i-bíl-ti-ú-nu?; and ex. 42 has i-bíl-ti-u-un. 4.5 ka- i-ir for ka- ir. 5 ki-din-nu-ut: ex. 1 has ki-din-nu-tu; exs. 6, 9, 11, 28, 44–45 have ki-din-nu-ti; exs. 8, 46 have ki-din-nu-te; ex. 10 has ki*(copy: KU)-din†-nu-ti; and ex. 22 has ki-din-x*(erased UD?)-nu-ut. 5 ba-i-il-tu: ex. 1 has ba-<i>-iltú; exs. 3–4, 6–7, 10–11, 14, 17–18, 29, 31, 44, 46 have ba-i-il-tú; ex. 8 has ba-i-il†-tú; the il in ex. 22 omits vertical wedges at end of sign; ex. 23 has [ba-i]-il-tú; ex. 27 has ba-i-il-tú; and ex. 45 has ba-i-il-tú. 5 mu-á-á-i-ik: ex. 1 omits i; ex. 6 omits á; and ex. 17 has mu-á-á-i*(text: Ú)-ik. 5.12 omits ki in tupik-ki. 6 BÀD.AN.KI: ex. 6 adds an extraneous RA between AN and KI; ex. 12 adds URU before it; and AN in ex. 27 has two superimposed vertical wedges instead of one vertical wedge. 6.44 mu-ap-i-ik*(two angled wedges added later?) for mu-api- u. 6 UN.ME-ú-un: exs. 1–2 omit un; exs. 6, 17 omit ú; exs. 8, 10, 13, 15, 29, 46 have UN.ME-u-un; ex. 31 has UN.II.ME-uun; ex. 41 adds an extraneous nu between ú and un; and ex. 42 has UN.ME-un. 6.27 The a in an- a-a-ti is simply two vertical wedges next to one another. 6.17 le-u-ú for le-i. 6.22 mal*(text: NI)-ki for mal-ki. 7 URU. ar-ra-na: exs. 1, 8 omit ra; ex. 9 has . ar-ra-an; ex. 11 has URU. ar*(copy: I-AN)--na; ex. 12 has URU.KASKAL-ni; ex. 27 has . ar-ra-ni; and ex. 35 has URU.KASKAL. 7 AN.DÙL-la-ú: The ú in ex. 1 appears to have two vertical wedges; ex. 3 has AN.DÙL-la-a-ú; and ex. 13 has AN.DÙL-la-u. 7 it-ru- u-ma: exs. 10, 44 have it-ru- u-ú-ma; and ex. 11 has it-ru- u*(copy: NIN)-ú-ma. 7.9 omits i in ki-i. 8 iu-ru: ex. 27 has i-u-ra; and ex. 35 adds an extraneous ru? between u and ru. 8 za-kut-su: ex. 27 has za-ku-su; the su in ex. 35 only has one vertical wedge; and ex. 45 has za-kut-su-un. 8.1, 7 LUGAL for MAN. 8 ul-tu: ex. 6 has ul*(copy: AMAR)-; exs. 8, 46 have TA; ex. 10 has ul*(text: TI)-; and ex. 40 has ul-. 8.5 be-lu-ti-u for be-lu-ti-ú. 9 gaba-ra-a-ú: exs. 5, 7–8, 13, 46 have gaba-ra-a-u; and exs. 9, 28 omit a. 9.22 la ib-u-ma (the A connects the preceding and following signs). 9 ib-u-ma: exs. 1, 8, 11, 29–31, 45–46 have ib-u-ú-ma; ex. 2 has ib†-u-ma; exs. 6, 12, 27, 34, 39 have ib-ú-ma; ex. 9 has ib-ú-; ex. 10 has ib-ú-ú--ma; exs. 13, 15, 28 have ib-ú-ú-ma; ex. 42 has ib-u-u-; and ex. 44 has ib-u-ú-ma. 9.6, 18, 27, 40 ina for i-na. 9 ù: exs. 6, 9, 16–18, 22 have u; exs. 8, 40 omit it, and ex. 35 has ú?. 9 ta- a-zi: exs. 2, 9–11, 29, 34, 39, 41, 44–46 have ta a-a-zi; ex. 8 has ta- a-a-zi*(copy: GI); and the ta in ex. 18 has only two vertical wedges, not three. 9.15 inserts u after ta- a-zi. 10.17 DÙ-i*(text: Ú)-na for DÙ-i-na. 10 a -bat-ti: ex. 1 has a- a-ba-ti; ex. 4 omits bat; ex. 11 has a -bat-te*(copy: E); and ex. 44 has a -bat-te. 10 ú-daq-qi-qu-ma: ex. 7 has ú-dàq--quma; ex. 9 has ú-daq†/dàq†--ma; exs. 10, 15, 29–30 have ú-

Minor Variants and Comments daq-qi-qu-ú-ma; ex. 12 has ú-da†-qi-qu-ma; ex. 13 has ú-daq-qi-quú-ma; exs. 17, 42 omit qi; the daq in ex. 22 appears be three superimposed horizontal wedges with the middle one shorter than the other two; ex. 27 has ú-dàq-qi-qu-ma; and ex. 28 has udaq-qi-qu-ma. 10 a-am-ma-mi: exs. 3, 6, 8, 15, 29, 31, 34, 40, 46 have a-ma-am-mi; ex. 9 has [ a]-ma-am-mi; exs. 10–11, 44 have  a-ma-am-mi; ex. 13 has a-ma-am-mi; ex. 30 has a-ma-ammi?; and ex. 42 omits am. 11.23 ar*(text: Ú-RI)-ba-i for ar-ba-i. 11.1, 8, 12, 16, 23, 25, 33, 35 id-du-u for id-du-ú. 11 er-re-e-ti: exs. 1, 11, 17, 27, 30, 44 have er-re-e-tú; ex. 10 has er-re--tú; ex. 13 has  er-re-e-tu; exs. 14, 29 have er-re-e-tú; ex. 15 has er-ree-tu; ex. 25 has  er-re-e-tú; and ex. 45 has er-re-e-te. 11.9–10 omit ut and u-ut respectively in LÚ.u-ut. 11.27 omits ú in SAG.ME-ú. 11.41 adds an extraneous ú after SAG.ME-ú. 11 LÚ.GAR-nu-ti: ex. 2 has LÚ.GAR-nu.ME; ex. 7 has LÚ.GAR-nute; and ex. 40 has LÚ.GAR-nu-tú. 12 UGU-ú-nu: ex. 1 has UGUu-nu; ex. 10 UGU-ú-nu*(text: TAR?); ex. 13 has UGU-u-nu, ex. 25 has UGU-u-nu, and ex. 30 has UGU-u?-nu?. 12 i-tak-ka-numa: The i in exs. 5, 21 omits the final vertical wedge; ex. 9 omits ka; and ex. 10 omits tak-ka. 12 bíl-tu: exs. 1, 9, 11, 13–14, 27, 29, 31, 44–45 have bíl-tú; ex. 8 has bíl-tú*(copy: QA); and ex. 17 has bíl-tú. 12 ma-da-at-tú: exs. 3–4, 12, 15–16, 18, 21–22, 31, 39 have ma-da-at-tu; ex. 17 omits at; ex. 32 has ma-da--tu; ex. 34 has ma-da-at-tu; exs. 35, 42 have ma-da-at?-tu?; ex. 40 has ma-daat-tu; and ex. 41 has ma-[da]-at-tu. 12.4 á-ú-ri for á-u-ri. 13 e-mid-su-nu-ti: ex. 2 omits ti; ex. 32 omits su; ex. 34 has e-mid-sunu*(text: TAR?)-ti; and ex. 39 omits nu. 13.9, 20, 22, 28, 40 ina for i-na. 13 mé-re-i-ia: ex. 1 has me-re-i-ia; ex. 39 has mé-re-iia*(text: I); and ex. 45 has mé-re-i-i-ia. 13.12 adds an extraneous sign after mé-re-i-ia. 13 ù: ex. 5 omits it; exs. 6, 9, 22 have u; and ex. 40 has [/u]. 13.42 i-is--sat for i-is-saat. 13 i-is-sa-at GETU.II-ia: ex. 14 omits at GETU.II-ia; and ex. 17 has i-is-sa-at-tú GETU.II-ia, or possibly i-is-sa-at GETU.GETU.II-ia. 13 GETU.II-ia: exs. 15, 30 have GETU.II.ME-ia; and ex. 22 adds an extraneous sign between II and ia. 14 pal-ka-a-ti: ex. 3 has pal†-ka--ti*(copy: BE); exs. 8, 13, 46 have pal-ka-a-te; and ex. 19 has [pal-ka-a]-te. 14.29 d é*(text: KID)-a for dé-a. 14.28 omits d in dbe-let-DINGIR.ME. 14.27 UGU*(text: KA) for UGU. 14 MAN.ME-ni: exs. 5, 12, 23, 27, 34, 43 omit ni; and ex. 7 has LUGAL.ME-ni. 15.9, 18, 40, 42 ina for the first i-na. 15.10, 14 À-ia for lìb-bi-ia. 15 second i-na: exs. 1, 5–6, 17–18, 22, 28, 40 have ina; and ex. 13 has a-na. 15.10, likely 31 omit GÌR.II. 15 KUR.mu-u -ri: exs. 5, 41, 44 omit KUR; and ex. 11 has .mu*(copy: E)-u -ri. 16 i-na: ex. 3 has a-na; exs. 7, 9, 13, 28, 39, 42 have ina; exs. 12, 19 omit i (haplography with i of KUR-i immediately before it); ex. 22 possibly has [ina]; and ex. 40 has ina. 16.12, 31, 34 add URU before NINA.KI. 16 epu-u-ma: exs. 1, 9, 12–13, 15–16, 18, 22, 29, 31, 34 have DÙ-ma; and ex. 42 has DÙ-ma. 16 URU.BÀD-mMAN-GIN: The vertical wedge of m in ex. 1 runs into an extraneous Winkelhaken; exs. 5–6, 16, 22, 30, 41 omit m; ex. 7 has URU.BÀD-mLUGAL-GI.NA; ex. 8 has URU.BÀD-mMAN-GI.NA; ex. 10 omits URU; ex. 19 has [URU].BÀD-mMAN-GI.NA; ex. 25 has URU.BÀD-mGI.NA; ex. 28 has [URU].BÀD?-MAN-GI.NA; ex. 45 has URU.BÀD-MAN-GI.NA; and ex. 46 has URU.BÀD-mMANGI.[NA]. 16 MU-ú: ex. 13 has MU-u; ex. 28 omits ú; and ex. 45 has MU-u. 17.4 pa-a-rak-ki for pa-rak-ki. 17 ra-á-du-ti: exs. 2– 3, 8–9, 13, 29, 39, 41, 46 have ra-á-du-ú-ti; ex. 22 has ra-á-dute; ex. 25 has [ra-á]-du-ú-ti; ex. 30 has ra-á-du-ú-; ex. 43 has [ra-á-du]-u-ti; and ex. 46 has ra-á-du-ú-ti. 17.22 omits na in a-na. 17.2 dá-ma for dUTU. 17 ù: exs. 6, 42 omit it; and exs. 7, 12, 17–18, 22 have u. 17 dnin-urta: exs. 1, 6, 9, 17–18, 22, 29, 40, 43 have dMA; ex. 7 adds an extraneous A sign between nin and urta; ex. 16 has dMA*(copy: I); and ex. 44 has dnin-urta*(text: UR). 18 i-na: ex. 6 omits it; exs. 9, 17–18, 21–22, 29 have ina; and exs. 40, 42 have ina. 18 qer-bi-ú: exs. 1, 3, 8, 11, 13, 15, 44–45 have qer-bé-e-ú; ex. 25 has qer-bé-e-u; and ex. 46 has qer-bée-ú. 18.6, 11 omit li in nak-li. 18 ú-ab-ni-ma: ex. 6 has ú-ab-ni-ma, with ú at the end of one line and the remainder at

507

the beginning of the next line; and ex. 40 has [ú]-á?-ab-ni-ma. 18.13 omits AM in AM.SI. 19 GI.MES.MÁ.KAN.NA: Photos of ex. 10 indicate GI.MES.MÁ*.KAN.x, where the lower horizontal of the MÁ is longer than the upper horizontal (with Botta copy); Botta’s copy has IZ for the final sign; ex. 14 has GI.mu-suk-kanna; ex. 42 has GI.mu-suk-kan-[na]; and ex. 43 adds an extraneous DI sign between KAN and NA. 19.1 The IGI in GI.ere-IGI omits the final horizontal wedge. 19 GI.dáp-ra-ni: ex. 5 has GI.dáp-ra-a-ni; ex. 10 has GI.dáp-ra-a-ni; ex. 28 has GI.dáp-ra-a-nu; and ex. 47 has GI.dáp-ra-[a]-ni (via spacing). 19.1 IM.LI for GI.LI. 19 GI.bu-u-ni: ex. 1 has GI.buu-ni; exs. 2, 5, 10, 43 have GI.bu-u-nu; ex. 6 has GI.buu*(copy: E)-nu; and ex. 25 has [GI.bu-u]-nu. 20.11 omits ab in mu-ab. 20 MAN-ti-ia: exs. 7, 44 have LUGAL-ti-ia; and ex. 11 has LUGAL*(copy: IN)-ti-ia; ex. 17 has MAN-ti-ia*(text: I-ZA); and ex. 19 omits it. 20.17 The ab in ab-nima omits the final vertical wedge. 20 É Various exemplars have KID. 20.43 omits an in i-la-an-ni. 20 É.GAL: ex. 5 omits GAL; and ex. 39 has É.GAL*(text: MA). 20.25 omits ti in KUR. at-ti. 21.6, 9, 18, 22, 40, 42 ina for i-na. 21 KÁ.ME-in: ex. 1 has KÁ.ME-úun; and the KÁ sign in ex. 25 appears to have a single vertical wedge at the end, followed by a Winkelhaken. 21.15 omits GI in GI.ÙR.ME. 21 GI.ere-IGI: The first horizontal wedge of ere in ex. 17 is more similar to a Winkelhaken; and ex. 45 has GI.ereIGI*(text: MA). 22 e-e-ru-in: exs. 1, 15, 29 have e-e-ru-u-in; exs. 2, 11, 44 have e--ru-u-in; exs. 3, 17–18, 22, 25, 42–43 omit e; ex. 8 has e-e-ru-u*(copy: MAL)-in; ex. 14 has  er*(copy: BU[)-[u?-in?]; ex. 31 has  e--ru-u-in; ex. 45 has

e-e-ru-u?-in*; and ex. 47 has  e--ru-u-in. 22 e-ma-am-mi: ex. 6 omits ma; exs. 8, 39, 46 omit am; exs. 12, 16, 22, 35, 42 omit mi; and ex. 34 has e-am-ma-mi. 22 bi-nu-ut: ex. 7 follows the master line (i.e., not bi-nu- of Botta’s copy); and exs. 9, 11, 13, 15, 44 have bi-nu-ti; . 22.22 adds an extraneous DI sign after KUR-i. 22 ù: exs. 6, 16, 22, 33–34, 42, 47 have u; and ex. 31 has ú?. 22 tam-tim: exs. 3, 10–13, 15–16, 25, 29, 31, 33–34, 44–45, 47 have tam-di; ex. 5 omits it; and ex. 22 has KI-tim. 22.5, 17–18 add ME after NA4. 23.6, 9, 18, 21, 34, 40–42 ina for i-na. 23 né-re-béti-i-na: exs. 2–3, 42, 44 omit ti; exs. 4, 7, 18 have né-re-biti(É)-ina; ex. 9 has né-re-bé-ti at the end of one line and [i]-na at the beginning of next; ex. 10 has né-re-be-ti-i-na; ex. 11 has né-re-bé-i*(copy: Ú)-na; ex. 17 has -re-biti(É)-i-na; ex. 21 has né-re-bit(É)-ti-i-na; ex. 36 has -re-bit(É)-ti-i-na; ex. 39 has -re-biti(É)-i-na; and ex. 41 has -re-[biti(É)-i-na] (restored via spacing). 23.44 omits ma in ul-ziz-ma, which is also likely in ex. 11 where the copy has ul-[x]. 23.12 omits MÌN in GI.UR.MÌN. 23 GI.MES.MÁ.KAN.NA: exs. 1, 29 have GI.musuk-kan-ni; ex. 8 has [GI.mu?-suk?]-kan-ni; ex. 25 has GI.musuk*(text: omits upper horizontal wedge)-kan*(text: I, Babylonian form)-ni; ex. 28 has GI.MES.MÁ.KAN-ni; ex. 33 omits MES; and ex. 42 has GI.mu-suk-kan-ni. 24 ú-rat-ta-a: The rat in ex. 25 has three vertical wedges; and ex. 43 has u-rat-ta-a. 24 KÁ.ME-in: ex. 1 has KÁ.ME-ú-un; ex. 9 omits ME; the KÁ in ex. 28 appears to begin with three horizontal wedges. 24.22 [BÀD]-u (x) for BÀD-ú. 24 ki-ma: The ma in ex. 22 omits the final vertical wedge; and ex. 43 omits ki. 24.1 omits ki in ki-i -rat. 24.25 The KUR in KUR-i appears to have only two wedges. 25.15 adds an extraneous IZ sign after ú-ar-id-ma. 25 dUTU: exs. 1, 3 have dá-ma; and ex. 12 has dá-ma. 25 ir-te-u-ú: ex. 8 has irti-u*(copy: MAN-AN)-ú; ex. 22 omits ú; the ú in ex. 41 is at the start of the following line; and exs. 42–43 have ir-te-u-u. 25 kiit-ti: The ki in ex. 25 appears to be KU; and ex. 28 has ki-i-ti. 26 U.II-ia: exs. 10, 30, 32 have U.II.ME-ia; ex. 14 has U.II.ME; ex. 28 omits U.II; copy from ex. 34 U.II*: ; ex. 41 has U.II*(text: DI-U)-ia; and ex. 42 has U.II.ME-ia. 26 i-na: exs. 6, 7, 13, 18, 22, 25, 31, 42, 44 have ina; ex. 11 omits it; ex. 34 has a-na; and ex. 46 has ina. 26.7, 34 À for lìb-bi. 26.13 adds an extraneous DI sign after lìb-bi. 26.10 ú-e-ib*(copy: I) or ú-e-i-. 26.15, 17 omit ME in GAL.ME. 26 a-i-bu-ut: ex.

508

Minor Variants and Comments

5 has a-ib; ex. 6 omits bu; ex. 10 has a-[i]-bu-te; ex. 11 has ai*(copy: Ú)-bu-ti; exs. 15, 25, 45 have a-i-bu-te; and ex. 44 has a-i-bu-ti. 26.22 The e in AN-e has an extraneous vertical wedge head at the end of the sign. 27 ù: exs. 5, 45 omit it; and exs. 6, 42 have u. 27 a-i-bu-ut: ex. 2 has a*(copy: MIN)-i*(copy: Ú)-bu-ti†; ex. 6 has a-i--ut*(copy: IZ); ex. 11 has a-i*(copy: Ú)-bu-ut; ex. 28 has [a-i]-bu-ti; ex. 44 has a-i*(no horizontal)-bu-ut; and ex. 45 has a-[i-bu]-te. 27 á-a-ú: exs. 2, 16 omit a; exs. 4, 34 have á-a-u; and ex. 10 has á-a-i. 27.41 e*(text: GI)-pe for e-pe. 28 qer-bi-ú: 1, 21, 25, 44 have qer-bé-e-ú; exs. 7, 36 have qer-bi-u; ex. 11 has qer-bé-e-; ex. 29 has qer-bé-e-ú; ex. 31 has qerbe?-e-ú; and ex. 45 has qer-bé-e-ú?. 28 i-ru-ku-in-ni: ex. 8 adds an extraneous u between in and ni; ex. 15 omits ni; and the i in ex. 21 omits the final vertical. 28 a-na: exs. 11, 44 have ana; and ex. 18 has ina.

Text No. 43 1.17 á-ak*(over erasure)-nu dEN.LÍL NU.È*(over erasure) ba*(over erasure)-i-it. 1 The copies by Norris (1 R pl. 36), Lyon (Sar. no. 1) and Winckler (Sar. 2 pl. 43) all have NA-i-it, but in all preserved cases the sign is BA not NA. 1.43 u? for ù. 2 KI: exs. 3, 16, 57–58 have ki-á-ti; ex. 47 has ki-á-ti; and 1 R pl. 36 has ki-at but no known exemplar has this. 2.1, 47 omit ba in arba-i. 3 No exemplar has num for nu in ke-e-nu despite the copy in 1 R pl. 36 and Lyon, Sar. no. 1. 3 1 R pl. 36 has dAG between daur and dAMAR.UTU, but no known exemplar has this. 3 ú-at-limu-u-ma: ex. 4 has [ú-at-li-mu]-ú-ma; and exs. 17, 58 have úat-li-mu-ú-ma. 3 MU-u: exs. 2, 4, 16–18, 30, 47, 56, 58 have MUú; exs. 3, 26 have MU-ú, ex. 37 has [MU]-ú, and ex. 42 has MU-ú?. 3 ú-e-e - u-ú: ex. 19 has ú-e-e - u-u; and ex. 37 omits e . 3.19 omits e in re-e-e-te. 4.1 The copy of kin in á-kin by Lyon (Sar. no. 1) indicates an additional horizontal wedge at the beginning of the sign. 5.2–4, 17–18, 39, 48, 58 ki-din-nu-ut for kidin-nu-tu. 5.17 mu-á-á*(text: MA)-i-ik for mu-á-á-i-ik. 6.2–4, 48, 58 AN.DÙL-la-ú for AN.DÙL-la-u. 6.2 it-ru- u-ú-ma for it-ru u-ma. 6 u: exs. 2–3, 16–19, 45–46, 56, 58 have ù; and exs. 4, 26, 42, 47 have ù. 7 na-mur-ra-ti: exs. 2–4, 16–17, 58 have na-murra-a-te; ex. 18 has [na]-mur-ra-a-te; ex. 42 has na-mur-ra-a-te; ex. 47 has [na-mur]-ra-a-te; ex. 48 has na-mur-ra-a-te; and ex. 57 has na-mur-ra-te. 7 GI.TUKUL.ME-u: exs. 2–4, 17–18, 26, 56, 58 have GI.TUKUL.ME-ú; ex. 5 has [GI.TUKUL.ME]-ú; and ex. 32 has GI.TUKUL.ME-ú. 8 be-lu-ti-u: exs. 2–3, 16–17, 19, 42 have be-lu-ti-ú; ex. 4 has be-lu-ti-ú; ex. 18 has [be-lu-ti]-ú; ex. 47 has be-lu-ti-ú; and ex. 48 has be-lu-[ti]-ú. 8 gab-ra-a-u: exs. 2, 4, 16–18, 48 have gab-ra-a-ú; exs. 3, 47, 58 have gab-ri-aú; ex. 42 has gab-ra-a-ú; and ex. 57 has gab-ri-a-u. 8.2, 4, 17– 18 la-a for the first la. 8.1 omits ù. 9.41 adds ME after KUR.KUR. 9 er-re-e-tu: exs. 2, 4, 16–18, 56–58 have er-re-e-te; exs. 3, 47 have  er-re-e-te; ex. 5 has [...] x-te; ex. 28 has  er-[re]-e-te; ex. 37 has  er-re-e-te?; ex. 42 has er-re-e-te?; and 1 R pl. 36 gives the variant tú for tu, but no known exemplar has this. 10 ur-á-a-ni: exs. 3, 41 have ur-sa-a-ni; and ex. 27 omits a. 10 bé-ru-ú-ti: exs. 2–4, 16–17, 39, 58 have bé-ru-ú-te; and ex. 18 has bé-ru-ú-te. 10.5 [du-ru-ug]-ú?-un for du-ru-ug-u-un. 11 pa-á-qa-a-ti: exs. 2–3, 16–17, 42, 48, 57–58 have pa-á-qa-a-te; exs. 4, 39 have pa-á-qa-a-te; ex. 29 has [pa-á-qa]-a-te; and ex. 47 has pa-á-qa-a-te. 11 e-ta-at-ti-qu-ma: exs. 2, 17 have e-ta-atte-qu-ma; ex. 4 has e-ta-at-te-qu-ma; ex. 18 has e-ta-[at]-te-quma; and ex. 56 has [e]-ta-at-te-qu-ma. 11 be-ra-a-ti: 1 R pl. 36 has bi-ra-a-te, but no known exemplar has bi for be; exs. 2–4, 16–18, 47, 56–58 have be-ra-a-te; ex. 5 has [be]-ra-a-te; ex. 28 has [be]ra-a-te; and ex. 42 has be-ra-a-te. 12 KUR.e-lam-ti: exs. 2–3, 16– 17, 42, 47–48, 57–58 have KUR.e-lam-te; ex. 4 has KUR.e-lam-te; ex. 18 has KUR.e-lam-te; and ex. 29 has [KUR].e-lam-te. 12.19 URU.ra-pi-i-qu for URU.ra-pi-qu. 13 1 R pl. 36 has na- al TAR, but no known exemplars has TAR after na- al. 13 a-mur-re-e: exs. 2, 17–18, 42, 45 have a-mur-ri-i; and ex. 4 has a-mur-[ri]-i. 13 si ir-ti-á: exs. 3, 16, 19, 28, 46, 57–58 have si- i-ir-ti-á; and ex. 56

has si- i-ir-ti-á. 14.2–4, 10, 16–17, 39, 42, 48, 58 URU instead of KUR before i-bar. 14 ru-qu-ti: exs. 2–3, 17–18, 58 have ru-qu-ú-te; exs. 16, 19, 42, 57 have ru-qu-ú-ti; ex. 46 has [ru]-qu-ú-te; ex. 47 has ru-qu-ú-ti; and ex. 48 has ru-qu-ú-[te/ti]. 15 qa-a-su: exs. 2–3, 5, 17–18, 37, 47, 58 have U-su; ex. 4 has U-su; exs. 16, 57 have qa-as-su; and ex. 32 has U-[su]. 16 ak-nu-ti: exs. 2–4, 10, 16–19, 39, 42, 48, 57 have LÚ.GAR-nu-ti; and ex. 47 has LÚ.GARnu-ti. 16 ma-da-at-tu: ex. 58 omits at; and 1 R pl. 36 has te for tu, but all known exemplars have tu. 16.2 (contra Fuchs), 17–18, 45 á for a. 17.19 ina for i-na. 17 KUR.e-lam-ti: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 42, 46, 58 have KUR.e-lam-te; exs. 4, 47 have KUR.e-lam-te; ex. 34 has KUR.e-lam-te; and ex. 57 has KUR.e-lam-te. 17 ta -ta-au: exs. 2–3, 17, 19, 58 have ta -ta-a-ú; ex. 4 has ta -ta-a-ú; ex. 5 has ta -ta-a-ú; ex. 37 has ta -ta-a-ú; and 1 R pl. 36 has ta ta-ú, but no known exemplar omits the a. 18.42 omits KUR in LÚ.KUR.te-sa-a-a. 18 gu-un-ni-u: ex. 2 has gu-un-ni-ú; exs. 17, 39, 48 have gu-un-né-e-ú; ex. 18 has gu-un-né-e-ú; and ex. 47 has gu-un-ni-ú. 18.45 It is unclear if one should read á-[lil] or á- since the LIL would be right at the join of two fragments. 18 KUR.tu-u-mu-na: exs. 2–4, 16, 19, 27, 39, 42, 47, 57–58 add LÚ before it; exs. 17, 48 have LÚ.KUR.tú-u-mu-na; and ex. 18 has LÚ.KUR.tú-u-mu-na. 18 LÚ.na-sik-ú-nu: ex. 2 adds KUR after LÚ; exs. 16, 57 have LÚ.na-sik-u-nu; ex. 34 has LÚ.nasik-u?-nu?; ex. 47 has LÚ.na-sik-u-nu; and ex. 42 has LÚ.nasik-u-[nu]. 18 1 R pl. 36 apparently has a variant without ma on i-pi-du-ma, but all known exemplars have it. 18 ma- ar: the ma in ex. 3 has four horizontal wedges; and ex. 47 omits it. 19 rapi: 1 R pl. 36 has an abnormal rap but no known exemplar has this form. 19.2, 17 URU. a-zi-ti for URU. a-zi-te. 19.4 ú-e-rib for ú-e-ri-ba. 20.16 omits i in LÚ.mar-si-i-ma-ni. 20 1 R pl. 36 has a variant i for ú in si-it-ta-ú-nu, but no known exemplar has this. 20 inné-et-qa-am-ma: 1 R pl. 36 has LUGAL for in, but no known exemplar clearly has this; and ex. 45 omits am. 20 ú-ar-mu-ú: exs. 2, 25, 45 have ú-ar-mu-u; and ex. 42 has ú-ar-mu-u. 21.57 sa-an-da-ni*(text: KUR) for sa-an-da-ni. 21 i-ba-ru-ma: exs. 2, 16–17, 47, 57 have i-ba-ru-ú-ma; ex. 28 has [...] (x)-ú-ma; ex. 34 has i-ba-ru-ú-ma; ex. 35 has i?-ba-ru-ú-[ma]; and ex. 42 has iba-ru-ú-ma. 22 URU.i-nu-u -te: exs. 2–3, 16–17, 39, 42, 48, 57–58 have URU.i-nu-u -te; ex. 4 has URU.i-nu-u -te; and ex. 47 has URU.[i]-nu-u -te. 23 mam-ba-ri-is: exs. 2, 4, 17–18, 39, 48 have m am-ba-ri-is-si; and the ba in ex. 3 is slightly abnormal in form. 23 da-mi-iq-ti: exs. 2–3, 17, 48 have da-mi-iq-te; ex. 4 has da-miiq-te; and ex. 18 has da-mi-iq-te. 23.2, 4, 17–18, 48 mMAN-GIN for mLUGAL-GI.NA. 23.18 im-ú-ma for im-u-ma. 23.1, 45 KUR.urar-í and KUR.ur-ar-í respectively for KUR.ur-ar-i. 23 u: ex. 2 omits it; exs. 3, 16–18, 25, 35, 42, 47, 58 have ù; and exs. 4, 32 have ù. 24 ek-mu-te: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 28, 57–58 have ek-mu-ú-te; ex. 4 has ek-mu-ú-te; ex. 35 has ek-mu-ú-te; ex. 42 has ek-muú-te; and ex. 47 has ek-mu-ú-te. 24 mu-rap-pi-ú: exs. 2–4, 16– 17, 58 have mu-rap-pi-ú; ex. 25 has [mu-rap]-pi-ú; ex. 35 has mu-rap-[pi]-ú; ex. 42 has mu-rap-pi-ú; and ex. 47 has murap-pi-ú. 24 pu-lu-un-ge-u-un: exs. 2–3, 17–18, 25 have pu-luun-ge-e-ú; ex. 5 has pu-lu-un-ge-e-ú; exs. 16, 35, 42, 57 have pulu-un-ge-e-u; ex. 19 has pu-lu-un-ge-e-u; ex. 36 has [pu-lu-un]ge-e-ú; ex. 40 has pu-lu-un-ge-e-ú; ex. 47 has pu-lu-un-gee-ú; and ex. 58 has pu-lu-un-ge-e-ú-un. 25.3, 58 tuq-ma-ti for tuq-ma-te. 25 mi-lu-bi-i-di: exs. 2–3, 16, 28, 57–58 have mi-lu-ú-bii-di; ex. 47 has mi-lu-ú-bi-i-di; and 1 R pl. 36 has mi-ib-ú-bi-i-di, but no known exemplar has ib for lu. 26 na-bi-i: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 48, 57–58 have na-a-bi-i; and ex. 49 has na-a-bi-x. 26.2–3, 7, 16– 19, 45, 47–48, 58 URU instead of KUR before gar-ga-mi. 26 mpi-sii-ri: exs. 2, 17, 48 have mpi-i-is-si-ri; exs. 3, 19, 45 have mpi-i-si-i-ri; ex. 4 has mpi-i-is-si-ri; ex. 18 has mpi-i-is-si-ri; ex. 42 has mpi-isi-ri; ex. 47 has mpi-i-si-i-ri; and ex. 58 has mpi-i-si-i-ri. 26.18, 25 a-lip-ti and  a-lip-ti respectively for a-lip-te. 26 qa-a-su: exs. 2–3, 5, 16–18, 35–36, 42, 57 have U-su; exs. 4, 25 have U-su; and exs. 40, 47 have U-su. 27.2–4, 7, 16–19, 42, 48, 57–58 URU for KUR before mu- a- i-ri. 27.16 has NI for sa in mu-sa-a. 27.2

Minor Variants and Comments a for LUGAL. 27 KUR.ur-ar-i: 1 R pl. 36 has a variant of LÚ for KUR, but no known exemplar has this; and ex. 45 has KUR.ur-arí. 27.19, 42, 45 i-na for the first ina. 27 pu-lu -ti-u: exs. 2, 4, 16– 19, 42, 45, 47, 57 have pu-lu -ti-ú; exs. 3, 58 have pu-lu -te-ú; ex. 28 has [pu]-lu -ti-ú; and ex. 48 has pu-lu -ti-ú. 27 GALti: exs. 3, 16, 28, 47, 57 have GAL-te; and ex. 19 has ra-bi-ti. 27.25 adds an extraneous ma? between ma and ni of ra-ma-ni-ú. 27 úqa-ta-a: exs. 2–3, 5, 16–17, 35–36, 42, 57 have ú-qat-ta-a; ex. 4 has ú-qat-ta-a; ex. 18 has ú-qat-ta-a; and ex. 47 has ú-qat-ta-a. 28 1 R pl. 36 appears to put I as a variant for URU in URU.suk-ki-a, but it may instead be the last sign in the line, which the copy would otherwise omit. 28 KUR.ka-ak-me-e: exs. 2–3, 16, 18, 57–58 have KUR.ka-ak-mi-i; ex. 4 has KUR.ka-ak-mi-i; ex. 17 has KUR.ka-ak-mi-i; ex. 25 has [KUR.ka-ak]-mi-i; ex. 28 has KUR.ka-ak-mi-[i]; ex. 42 has KUR.[ka]-ak-mi-i; and ex. 47 has KUR.ak-ka-mi-[i]. 28 1 R pl. 36 may omit i in na-ba-di-i at the end of the line, but see the earlier note for this line. 29 1 R pl. 36 has the variant IL for ba in ba- u-la-te-ú-nu, but no known exemplar has this variant. 29 ú-a-bi- u-ma: ex. 3 has ú-a-ab-bi u-ma*, in which the ma has four horizontal wedges; exs. 16, 57 have ú-a-ab-bi- u-ma; ex. 19 has ú-a-ab-bi- u-ma; ex. 28 has [ú-a]-ab-bi- u-ma; ex. 42 has ú-a-ab-bi- u-ma; and ex. 47 has ú-a-ab-bi- u-ma. 29 mu-ú-ti: exs. 2–3, 17–18, 25, 40, 45, 58 have mu-ú-te; ex. 4 has mu-ú-te; and ex. 5 has mu-ú-te. 30.2, 4, 17–18, 48 la-a for la. 30.1 omits ME in UN.ME. 30.2–4, 16–19, 28, 42, 47–48, 57–58 omit KUR in KUR. ar- ar.KI. 30.40 mi-i -ri for mi- ir. 30.17 omits KI in a-ur.KI. 31.7 mu-ta?-qí?-in?. 31.3, 58 KUR.el-li-pi for KUR.el-li-pí. 31 zi-kir-u: exs. 5, 17, 25, 40 have zi-kir-ú; and ex. 47 has zi-kir-ú. 32 1 R pl. 36 has DA rather than the first a, but no exemplar has this. 32 KUR-e: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 28, 47–48, 57–58 have KUR-i; and exs. 7, 45 have KUR-i. 32.5 Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 37 indicates that ex. 5 omits the a in ba-ra-a-nu-ú, but this is not the case. 32.2, 17–18 omit e in ú-e-e - u-ú. 32.5, 17, 25, 40 URU-u-ú for URU-u-u. 33.3 omits a in ma-da-a. 33 a-ur: exs. 2–3, 16, 18, 28, 35–36, 42, 57–58 have da-ur; ex. 5 has da-ur; ex. 40 has da-ur; and ex. 47 has da-ur. 34.45 it-pe-e-ú for it-pe-e-u. 34.19 adds an extraneous a after SIG5-tim. 34.42, 45 x-du-ú-te and na-duú-te respectively for na-du-te. 34.19, 45 ú-zu-un-ú and ú-zu-unú respectively for ú-zu-un-ú. 35.19 zaq-ru-ú-ti for zaq-ru-ti. 35.42 ur-qí-tu for ur-qi-tu. 36.19 omits im in u-zu-zi-im-ma. 37 The copies by Lyon and Winckler have U for la. 38 The ME of ABGAL sometimes looks more like LAL or LI than ME. 38.1 omits ù. 39.45 ra-pa-á-tu for ra-pa-á-tum. 39.42 omits li in ti-illi-nu-ú. 40 The copies by Lyon and Winckler have a-bal for za-bal, but no known exemplar has a. 40.19, 42 na- ar-u-e and na ar-NA-e respectively for na- ar-ú-e. 41.19, 45 a-me-lu-te for a-me-lu-ti. 42 i-ta-te-e-u: exs. 19, 45 have i-ta-te-e-ú; and ex. 42 has [...] x-e-ú. 43.19 á-a-ú for á-a-u. 43.19, 42 qer-bu-u-ú for qer-bu-u-u. 44.7 omits GÌR.II. 44 KUR-e: exs. 2, 4, 16–18, 28, 42, 48, 57–58 have KUR-i; ex. 3 has KUR*-i, in which the KUR looks more like E; ex. 45 has KUR-i; and ex. 47 has KUR-i. 44.2–3, 5, 18, 58 di-im-te for di-im-ti. 44.19 na-du-u for na-du-ú. 45 la-bi-ru-te: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 47, 57–58 have la-bi-ru-ú-te; ex. 7 has la-bi-ru-ú-te; ex. 42 has [la]-bi?-ru-ú-te; and ex. 48 has la-bi-ruú-te. 45 el-la-mu-u-a: exs. 16, 57 have el-la-mu-ú-a; and ex. 28 has x x x-ú-a. 45 1 R pl. 36 has the variant QA for KUR, but no known exemplar has this. 46.2, 17–18, 48 a-ar-ú for a-ar-u. 46.3 has an erased DI sign after ú-ma-i-i-ma. 46 u-u-ub-u: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 47–48, 57–58 have u-u-ub-ú; and exs. 4, 28, 42 have u-u-ub-ú. 46 ÍD-u: exs. 2, 18 have ÍD-ú; exs. 3, 16– 17, 57–58 have ÍD-ú; ex. 5 has x-ú; and ex. 25 has ÍD-ú?. 46 izku-ur: ex. 5 has iz-kur; and exs. 17–18, 25 have iz-kur. 47 1 R pl. 36 has ZU.AD for ZU.AB, but no known exemplar has this. 47 1 R pl. 36 has né-me-qí for né-me-qi, but no known exemplar has this. 47 su-un-nu-nu-ma: ex. 2, 16–18, 57–58 have su-un-nu-nu-ú-ma; ex. 3 has su?-un-nu-nu-ú-ma; ex. 28 has su?-un-[nu]-nu-ú-ma; 1 R pl. 36 has zu for su and Winckler gives this as a variant for ex. 3,

509

but no exemplar clearly has this although the reading of the sign in exs. 3, 28, 42 is uncertain. 47 nik-la-a-ti: exs. 2–3, 36, 58 have nik-la-a-te; ex. 5 has traces-la-a-te; exs. 25, 28 have nikla-a-te; and ex. 47 has [nik-la]-a-te. 48.3, 16–18, 28, 42, 48 omit an in dnin-men-an-na. 49 á-a-ú: exs. 7, 19 have á-a-u; exs. 16, 28, 45, 57 have á-a-u; ex. 42 has [á-a]-u; and ex. 47 has áa-u. 49.2 BÁRA-ma- i for BÁRA.MA- i. 49.17–18, 48 be-lu-te-ia for be-lu-ti-ia. 49 1 R pl. 36 has ur- I (not ur-ZI as given in Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 39) with the variant URU for I, but no known exemplar has either I or URU. 49.16 ù for u. 49 e-pe-su: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 28, 36, 57–58 have e-pe-es-su; ex. 42 has e-pe-es-su; ex. 47 has [e-pe]-es-su; and ex. 11 has e-pe-x-su, where the sign for x appears as: 50 kit-ti: exs. 2, 16–18, 57 have kit-te; ex. 4 has [...] x-te; and exs. 47–48 have kit-te. 50 1 R pl. 36 has mi-á-ri-ú, but no known exemplar adds ú after mi-á-ri. 50.17 The sign form for la is anomalous, similar to TU?. 50.45 en-e for en-i. 51 á-a-ú: exs. 2, 16, 28, 47, 57–58 have á-a-u; ex. 7 has á-a-u; and ex. 42 has [á]-a-u. 51 a-a-a-ma-nu-te: exs. 2 (contra Fuchs), 57 have á-a-a-ma-nu-te; exs. 3, 11, 16–18 have á-a-a-ma-nu-ti; ex. 4 has á-a-a-ma-nu-te; ex. 42 has á-a-a-ma-nu-te; and ex. 58 has a-a-a-ma-nu-ti. 51.19 The a in up-pa-a-te has an extraneous wedge. 51.2–3, 16–18, 28, 58 omit ME in ZABAR.ME. 52 ri-ga-ate: exs. 2, 7, 55 omit a; exs. 3, 11, 58 have ri-ig-ga--ti; exs. 16– 18, 28, 57 have ri-ig-ga--te; ex. 47 has ri-ig-ga-[(a)-ti/te]; and ex. 48 has ri-ig-ga--te. 52 pa-nu-ú-nu: exs. 3, 11, 58 have panu-u-nu; and ex. 40 has pa-nu-u-nu. 52 1 R pl. 36 omits ak-nu, but no known exemplar does this. 52.3, 11, 58 ad-din-u-nu-ti for ad-din-ú-nu-ti. 53.11 ba-ni-i-u. 53.7 omits i in ba-ni-iu. 53 PÌRIG: The sign in ex. 2 is NÍNDAE.A?.AN?; and the sign in ex. 58 is NÍNDA*UD-E, in which the NÍNDA sign lacks the Winkelhaken. 53.2, 4, 17–18, 48 omit ù. 53 te-né-e-te: exs. 2–3, 11, 16–18, 57–58 have -né-e-e-te; ex. 4 has -né-e-e-te; ex. 28 has [?-né-e]-e-ti; and ex. 42 has -né-e-e-[te/ti]. 53.2–3, 11, 16–18, 28, 36, 47, 58 te-me-qí for te-me-qi. 53.11 u-aqqí-ma for ú-aq-qí-ma. 54 u4-me: exs. 2–3, 11, 16–18, 47, 55 have u4-mi; ex. 7 has u4-mi; exs. 19, 45 have UD.ME; ex. 28 has [u4]mi; and ex. 48 has u4-mi. 54 qer-bu-u-u: exs. 3, 11, 16, 18–19, 44, 48 have qer-bu-u-ú; ex. 4 has qer-bu-u-ú; ex. 28 has qerbu-u-ú; ex. 42 has qer-bu-u-ú; and ex. 58 has qer-bu-u*-ú, in which the u omits the Winkelhaken and final vertical wedge 54.19 Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 40 indicates that this exemplar omits a-na, but this is not the case. 54 qa-ti: exs. 2, 11, 18 have qa-a-te; exs. 3, 58 have qa-a-ti; exs. 4, 17 have qa-te; and ex. 47 has qa-ati. 55 pi-ia: ex. 2 has pi-i-ia; ex. 7 has pi?-i?-ia; and ex. 55 has pii-ia. 55.7, 19 omit um in ke-e-nu-um. 55 ú-lu: ex. 2–3, 11, 16–19, 44–45, 58 have ú-lu-ú; exs. 4, 28, 42 have ú-lu-ú; ex. 35 has [ú]lu-ú; and ex. 48 has ú-lu-ú. 55.3 The ma in ma-a-di has four horizontal wedges. 55 iq-bu-u-ni: exs. 2–3, 16, 58 have iq-bu-ú-ni; ex. 4 has iq-bu-ú-ni; ex. 28 has iq-bu-ú-ni; ex. 36 has iq-bu-úni; and ex. 45 omits u. 56.11 omits u in na-an-nu-u-u-un. 56 mu-pe-e-lu: exs. 2–3, 11, 16–18, 28, 55, 57–58 have mu-pe-e-lum; ex. 4 has mu-pe-e-lum; ex. 35 has [mu-pe]-e-lum; ex. 42 has [mu-pe]-e-lum; ex. 44 has [mu]-pe-e-lum; and ex. 48 has xpe-e?-lum. 56 gap-á-a-te: exs. 2, 17–18, 48 have gap-á-a-ti; and ex. 4 has gap-á-a-ti. 56 ad-ke-ma: exs. 3, 11, 16, 57–58 have adke-e-ma; and ex. 45 has ad-ke-e-ma. 56.3–4 Lyon states that these exemplars have ki for ku in tup-ik-ku, but both have ku. 57.47 omits i in ITI. i-i-ta. 57.1 omits e in E.BAR-e. 58.11 inserts an extraneous u after da-nim. 58.1 dEN.LÍL*(text: É) for d EN.LÍL. 58.17 na-bu-u for na-bu-ú. 58.2–4, 11, 17, 58 MU-ú for MU-u. 59.58 The second È in UD.È.È omits one of the horizontal wedges in the first pair of horizontal wedges. 59 palke-e: exs. 2–3, 11, 16–18, 42, 48, 58 have pal-ki-i; ex. 4 has pal-kii; ex. 35 has pal-ki-i; ex. 44 has pal-ki-i; and ex. 47 has pal-ki-i. 59.58 The gim in gim-ri omits Winkelhaken. 59.19 omits as in libna-as-su. 60 as-ru-qu-ma: exs. 2, 16–18, 58 have as-ru-uq-ma; ex. 3 has

510

Minor Variants and Comments

as-ru-uq-ma; ex. 4 has as-ru-uq-ma; and ex. 42 has as-ru-uq[ma]. 60 U.ÍL.KÁM: exs. 2–3, 11, 16–18, 28, 36, 42–43, 57–58 insert LÁ between ÍL and KÁM; ex. 4 has U.ÍL.x.x ; and and ex. 31 has U.[ÍL].LÁ?.[KÁM]. 61 mu-u-pel: exs. 2, 4, 11, 16–18, 42, 47–48, 57–58 have mu-u-pé-él; ex. 3 has mu-u-pé-él; and ex. 44 has [mu-u]-pé-él. 61.57 omits te-me-en. 61.19 omits e in u-e-eu. 61 lib-na-su: exs. 2, 11, 16–17, 42, 57–58 have lib-na-as-su; ex. 4 has lib-na-as?-su?; ex. 18 has lib-na-as-su; ex. 31 has lib-na-assu; ex. 36 has lib-na-as-[su]; and ex. 43 has lib-na-as?-su. 62 raá-du-ti: 1 R pl. 36 has the variant BU? for du in ra-á-du-ti; no known exemplar has this variant, but cf. text no. 9 line 57; exs. 2–4, 17–18 have ra-á-du-ú-te; exs. 11, 16, 45, 57–58 have ra-ádu-ú-ti; ex. 28 has [ra]-á-du-ú-ti; ex. 35 has [ra]-á-du-ú-ti?; ex. 47 has ra-[á-du]-ú-ti; and ex. 48 has ra-á*-du-ú-te, in which the á is MA. 62.3 The ma in ki-ma has four horizontal wedges. 62 1 R pl. 36 appears to have a variant omitting the en in ge-enni, but no known exemplar omits this sign. 62.4, 17–18, 48 ge-née for ge-en-ni. 62.4, 17–18, 48 ur-ú-du for ur-u-du. 62.11 omits ù. 62 qer-bu-u-ú: exs. 2–4, 16 have qer-bu-u-u; and ex. 19 has qer-bu-u-u. 63.59 has […]-ra-nu for GI.dáp-ra-ni. 63.38 The GI in GI.bu-u-ni is MA. 63 ina: exs. 2–4, 11, 16–18, 27, 33, 59 have i-na; ex. 38 has i-na; ex. 42 has i-[na]; and ex. 47 has i-na. 63 qí-bi-ti-ú-nu: exs. 11, 16, 18, 57 have qí-bi-te-ú-nu; ex. 27 has qí-bi-te-ú-[nu]; and ex. 47 has qí-bi-te-ú-nu. 63.2 ir-ti for irte. 64 ta-an-i-il: exs. 2, 4, 17–18, 48 have ta5-an-i-il, Fuchs, Khorsabad p. 42 suggests that the writing UD-AN-i-il is “eine Mischung zwischen ta-an-i-il und tam-i-il”; and ex. 19 omits i. 64.11 mé-e -rat for mé-e -ret. 64 1 R pl. 36 has KÁ.ME-su, but no known exemplar has this. 64.17 omits ap-tiq-ma. 65.4 1 U. 65 mi-i-i -ti: exs. 2, 4, 11, 16–18, 27, 47–48, 57–58 have mi-ii -te; ex. 38 has [mi]-i-i -te; ex. 44 has [mi]-i-i -te; and ex. 59 has [mi]-i-i -te. 65 BÀD-u: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 27, 38, 44, 47–48, 57–58, 59 have BÀD-ú; exs. 4, 11 have BÀD-ú; and ex. 33 has BÀD?-ú. 65 KUR-e: exs. 2–4, 16–18, 27, 57–58 have KUR-i; ex. 11 adds an extraneous u between KUR and i; exs. 31, 45 have KURi; ex. 36 has [KUR]-i; and ex. 47 has KUR-i. 65 te-me-en-u: exs. 2–3, 12, 19, 57 have te-me-en-ú; and ex. 4 has te-me-en-ú. 66.2– 4, 11, 16–18, 48, 58 omit a in ar-ka-a-te. 67 É.GÁL-li-u: exs. 2–3, 17, 48 have É.GÁL-li-ú; and ex. 4 has É.GÁL-li-ú. 67 á: exs. 2–4, 11, 16–17, 27, 57–58 have a; exs. 8, 12 have a?; and exs. 18, 31, 36, 42, 47 have a. 67 az-ku-ur: exs. 2–3, 11, 17, 58 have az-kur; and exs. 4, 12, 18, 28, 31 have az-kur. 68.58 omits d in the first dEN.LÍL. 68.3 Erased I after mu-di-á-at. 68.18 zík-ri . 68 á: exs. 2–4, 16–17, 27, 31, 47, 57–58 have a; and exs. 8–9, 12, 36, 42 have a. 69.16, 47, 57–58 da-nu-um for da-nu. 69.58 The et in ep-et has four vertical wedges. 69.19 UN.MEu for UN.ME-ú. 69 á: exs. 2–3, 16–17, 27, 31, 47, 58 have a; and exs. 4, 8, 36 have a. 70 mu-u-te-ir: exs. 2, 4, 17–19, 45, 48, 57–58 have mu-te-ir; ex. 47 has mu-te-ir; and ex. 49 has mu-(x) [...]. 70.2 (contra Fuchs), 4, 17–18, 48 nag-bi-ú for nag-bi-u. 70 ta-lit-ti-ú: ex. 19 has ta-lit-ti-u; and contra Fuchs, ex. 2 has ú. 70 á: exs. 2–3, 11–12, 16–17, 36, 47, 56, 58 have a; and exs. 4, 9, 27, 31, 42 have a. 70 IM.U19.LU: exs. 2, 16, 31, 36, 42 have IM.U18.LU; ex. 4 has IM.U18.LU; ex. 9 has IM.U18/U19.LU; ex. 12 has IM.U18.LU; exs. 19, 56 have IM.U18/U19.LU; ex. 26 has [IM].U18.LU; and ex. 47 has IM.U18.LU. 71.2 adds ME after LUGAL. 71 e-pi-i-u: exs. 2–4, 11, 16–18, 48 have e-pi-i-ú; and ex. 47 has e-pi-i-ú. 71 BÀD-u: exs. 2–4, 16–18, 47–48, 58 have BÀD-ú; exs. 8, 11, 19, 27 have BÀD-ú; and exs. 38, 42 have BÀD-ú. 71.11, 19 dMA for d nin-urta. 71 al- u-ú-u: exs. 4, 56–58 have al- u-ú-ú; ex. 12 has al- u-ú-ú; exs. 17, 19, 26, 45 have al- u-u-ú; and ex. 18 has [al]- u-ú-ú. 72.4, 18, 48 mit- ur-te for mit- ur-ti. 72 a-i-bu-te: exs. 2–4, 16–18, 47, 57 have a-i-bu-ut; ex. 8 has a-i-bu?-ut; and ex. 42 has a-i-bu-ut. 72 KUR-e: exs. 2–4, 11, 16–18, 27, 57–58 have KUR-i; ex. 38 has KUR-i; ex. 42 has KUR-i; and ex. 47 has KUR*-i, in which the KUR appears to have four Winkelhaken. 72.4 UD for ZÁLAG. 73.11 omits 1 in 1-en. 73.11 omits ma in úar-ma-a. 73 qé-reb-u: exs. 2–4, 17, 26, 56–58 have qé-reb-ú; ex. 9

has qé-reb-ú; ex. 18 has [qé]-reb-ú; and ex. 31 has qé-reb-ú. 74.2–4, 11, 16–18, 48, 57 mu-du-ut for mu-du-te. 74 i-bit-te: exs. 3, 58 have i-bit-ti; and ex. 30 has [ i]-bit-ti. 74 ù: exs. 2–3, 8, 11, 17–18, 30, 42 have u; and ex. 4 has [u] (restored via spacing). 74 ú-ma-e-er-ú-nu-ti: exs. 2–3 have ú-ma-e-er-u-nu-ti; ex. 9 has úma-e-er-u-x (x) [(x)]; ex. 45 has ú-ma-e-er-ú-nu-te/tú; and ex. 58 has ú-ma-e-er-u-nu-te. 75 a-i-bu-te: exs. 2–3, 16–18, 27, 47–48, 58 have a-i-bu-ut; ex. 4 has a-i-bu-ut/te; and ex. 35 has [a]-i-bu-ut. 75.2–4, 11, 17–18, 48 á-a-ú for á-a-u. 75.42 omits ú in im-gur-ú-ma. 75 qer-bi-ú: ex. 2 (contra Fuchs) has qer-be-eú; exs. 3, 8, 16–17, 26, 30, 42, 47, 56–57 have qer-bé-e-ú; ex. 4 has [qer-bé/be]-e-ú; ex. 9 has qer-bé-e-ú; ex. 11 has qer-bé-e-ú?; ex. 12 has qer-bé-e-ú; ex. 19 has qer-bé-e-u; ex. 45 has qer-biu; and ex. 58 has qer-be-e-u. 76 ú-nak-kar-ú-ma: ex. 2 adds an extraneous ru between kar and ú; and ex. 11 has ú-nak-kar-u-ma. 76.48 ú-nak-kar-ú-ma . 76 ú-sa - u-ú: The sa in exs. 1, 45 is Ú; ex. 2 has ú-sa - u-u; and ex. 18 has ú-sa - u-u. 76 ú- urat: exs. 2, 16–17 have i - u-rat; and ex. 11 omits ú. 76 e - i-ru: exs. 2–3, 8, 16–17, 30, 42, 47, 58 have e- i-ru; ex. 11 has e- i-ru; and ex. 18 has e- i-ru. 76.2–3 (both contra Fuchs), 4, 9, 12, 16– 17, 26, 42, 47, 56–57 add ma after ú-am-sa-ku. 76 si-ma-te-ia: exs. 3, 58 have si-ma-ti-ia; and contra Fuchs, ex. 2 has te. 76 ú-pa-áu: exs. 2–3, 9, 16–17, 43, 58 have ú-pa-á-á-u; exs. 4, 26 have úpa-á-á-u; ex. 18 has ú-pa-á-á-u; ex. 37 has ú-pa-á-á-u; ex. 42 has ú-pa-[á]-á-u; ex. 47 has ú-pa-á-á-u; and ex. 56 has ú-pa-á-á-u. 77 lìb-bi-ú: ex. 1 omits ú; and exs. 19, 45 have lìb-bi-u. 77 MU-u: exs. 2–4, 11, 16–17, 47–48, 57–58 have MU-ú; and ex. 18 has [MU]-ú. 77 NUMUN-u: exs. 2–4, 11, 16– 17, 47–48, 57–58 have NUMUN-ú; ex. 18 has NUMUN-ú; ex. 30 has NUMUN-ú; and ex. 42 has [NUMUN]-ú. 77 LÚ.KÚR-u: exs. 2–4, 16–17, 26, 42, 56–58 have LÚ.KÚR-ú; exs. 9, 18 have LÚ.KÚR-ú; and exs. 30, 47 have LÚ.KÚR-ú. 77 li-e-i-bu-u: exs. 3–4, 9, 16–17, 26 have li-e-i-bu-ú; and ex. 37 has [li-e-ibu]-ú.

Text No. 49 1.4 omits an in á-na-an. 1.4 LUGAL for all three MAN. 1.4 KI for ki-at. 1.4 EME.GI7*(copy: KI) for EME.GI7. 1 BA-ì: The copy of ex. 2 published by Nassouhi has BA, not BA-ì, but his transliteration has aqi-ì (i.e., BA-ì) so it is not clear if this exemplar omits ì or not; and the BA in ex. 4 is anomalous.

Text No. 50 1 mMAN-GIN: ex. 5 has mLUGAL-GI.NA; ex. 16 has mMAN-GI.NA; and ex. 19 has mMAN-GI.NA. 2.15, 17 NU*(photo: PAP).È and NU*(photo: PAP).È respectively for NU.È. 2 a-ur: ex. 5 has d a-ur; exs. 7, 15 have A; and the copy of ex. 8 by Botta has AN for a-ur, but the brick has a-ur. 3 dan-nu: exs. 7, 14, 18 have KALAG; and the copy of ex. 8 by Botta has E-BE, but the brick has dan-nu, where the NU is written like BE. 3.5, 16, 19 KI for Ú. 3 A: The copy of ex. 8 by Botta has AN for a-ur, but the brick has a-ur; ex. 24 has a-ur and exs. 16, 19 have a-ur (x), with x possibly being KI.

Text No. 51 2.5 KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI for KÁ.DINGIR.KI. 3.2 URI.KI*(copy: DI) for URI.KI.

Text No. 55 3.2 omits m in URU.BÀD-mMAN-GIN. 5.2 [a]-na for ana. 6 The copy by Lenormant has BURU14 á for e-bur. Neither ex. 1 nor ex. 2 has this reading; it may come from text no. 95 line 6. 7.2 adds KI after a-ur.

Minor Variants and Comments

Text No. 65 48 Copy of gur? in URU.ú-si-gur?:

Text No. 67 3.6 EN-u for be-lí-ú. 5.6–7 [sa]-me-ti and sa-(x)-me-tu*(text: AD[) respectively for sa-me-tu. 6.1 ip-tiq-ma*(copy: IZ) for iptiq-ma. 6.6 omits a in ú-al-ma-a. 7.7 TI.LA for TI. 7 ZI.ME-u: ex. 4 has ZI.ME-ú; ex. 5 has ZI.ME-ú; ex. 11 has [ZI.ME]-ú; and ex. 12 has ZI.ME-ú. 7.2, 7 [GÍD].DA and GÍD (x) respectively for GÍD. 7.7 UD.ME-u? for UD.ME-ú.

u-ú respectively for ú-e- u-ma. 25´.4 UGU? for UGU; the sign following ú-e- u-ú is uncertain; Abraham and Klein read ú-e u-ú x [...] but from the copy UGU seems more likely. 25´.5 Copy has KUR for kul in kul-lat. 26´.5 [tu-qu-un]-tu/tú for tuqu-un-tu. 26´.1 LUGAL-u-ut for LUGAL-ut. 26´.5 LÚ.mar-qa-sa?[a-a] for URU.mar-qa-á-a-[a].

Text No. 77 1.2, 7 mMAN-GI.NA for mMAN-GIN. 1.2, 7 a-ur for A.

Text No. 82

Text No. 68

iii 10´´´ Copy of ku* in [a-bi]-ku*:

1 da-ur: exs. 2, 4, 12, 18, 29 have da-ur; ex. 5 has da-ur; ex. 6 has da-[ur]; ex. 13 has da-ur; ex. 14 has da-ur*, in which the ur* of the published copy suggests UK, but the UR in these texts often is similar to UK; ex. 15 has dAN-ur?; and ex. 29 has da-ur. 1.10 [be]-lí-u for EN-ú. 2 a-ur.KI: exs. 2–3, 5, 7, 9–12, 18, 28, 29, possibly 30 omit KI; exs. 5, 9, 12, 18 have A; ex. 15 has AN x [(x)]; and ex. 29 has A. 3.11 omits KI in URI.KI. 4 a-na: exs. 3–4, 7 have ana; ex. 15 has [(x)] x; and ex. 29 has a?/DI-na.

iv 6 Copy of da* in um-mu-da*:

Text No. 69 2 mMAN-GIN: exs. 6, 15 have LUGAL-GI.NA; and ex. 44 has LUGAL?-GI?.NA?. 2.12, 15 MAN for the first LUGAL. 2.4, 12, 14– 15, 45 MAN for the second LUGAL. 2.12 A KUR (x) [...] for KUR a-ur.KI. 3.4, 13–15, 45 MAN for LUGAL. 3 u: ex. 11 has ù?; and exs. 14, 45 omit it. 4.15 a-gúr-ri for a-gur-ri. 4.10, 15 ú-tu-ni and UDUN respectively for ú-tú-ni. 5.45 omits ra in é- ur-sag-gal-kurkur-ra.

Text No. 73 1.2 omits KI in as-ur.KI. 4.2 a for á. 7.2 á for a. 8.2 á for a. 9.2 adds KI after a-ur.

Text No. 74 iii 44.2 na-ge-ú for na-ge-e-ú. iii 44.2 ib-bal-[ki]-tu-u-ma for ib-bal-[ki]-tu-ú-ma. iv 35.2 si-ta-te-ú-nu for si-it-ta-ti-ú-nu. iv 42.2 KUR.mu- uri for KUR.mu- ur. iv 43.2 EN-ia for be-lí-ia. iv 46.2 KUR.mu- uri for KUR.mu- ur. v 23.2 KUR.mu-us-ki for KUR.mus-ki. v 34.2 KUR.mu-us-ki for KUR.mus-ki. vi 56.2 URU.É-mki-ib-la-a-te for URU.É-mki-ib-la-te.

Text No. 76 8´.3 omits am in KUR.É- a-am-ban. 8´.3 KUR.par-u-ma for KUR.par-su-ma. 13´.3 ka-mu-us-su for ka-mu-su. 14´.3–4 sa-an-dani-ú and [sa-an]-da-ni-ú respectively for sa-an-da-ni-u. 14´.3– 4 i-ba-[ru] and i-ba-ru respectively for i-bar-ru. 15´.3 omits m in KUR.É-mpuru-ta-á. 15´.3 a for á. 15´.3 m in mki-ak-ki written over an erasure. 17´.3 a for á. 17´.4 omits d in mdia-ú-bi-i-di. 18´.4 U.II-su for U-su. 19´.4–5 Copies have U for TUKUL in GI.TUKUL.ME-ú, and the copy of ex. 4 also has A for ú. 20´.4 Copy has U for ma in KUR.ma-an-na-a-a. 21´.5 The suk in URU.suk-ki-i is slightly abnormal in form. 24´.4–5 [KUR.ur]da-a-a and KUR.ur-da-a-a respectively for KUR.ur-da-a. 25´.4 [...] x-di* for URU.me-li-di; the copy has [...] x-KI, which was read as [...]-lid?-di by Abraham and Klein. 25´.4–5 ú-e- u-ú and ú-e-

511

Text No. 92 1.1 mMAN-(x) [...] for mLUGAL-GI.NA. 1.12 a-ur for da-ur. 2.17 u for ù. 2.4 has traces of four signs that could go here or in line 3. 3 Copies of the fourth sign of line 3 in exs. 1 and 26 respectively: and . 3.28 á for a. 4.14 a for á. 4.14 i-na for ina. 4.26 GIBIL-te: Thompson (AAA 19 [1932] p. 103) reads es-e-ti, but no known exemplar has this reading. 5.2, 7 m10ERIM.TA and m10-ERIM.TA respectively for mdIKUR-né-rari. 5.6, 25 omit i in mdUTU-i-dIKUR. 5.12, 15 DÙ-u and DÙ?-u respectively for e-pu-u. 6.7 ki-ma? for ki-i. 6 KUR-i: exs. 14, 30 have KUR-e; the copy of ex. 14 has [...]- ir? KUR-e, but all that is currently preserved is [...]-e. 6.13–14 [ri]-i-ti and re-e-ti respectively for ri-ti. 6 75.ÀM: ex. 3 has 72?.ÀM; ex. 14 has 71+[...]; and ex. 28 has [...]+75.ÀM. 6.17 im-la?-ma? for im-la-ama. 6.29 la-be-ru-ta for la-bi-ru-ta. 7.7 ub-[ta-ú] for the first KI.TU-ú. 7.4 di-tar for dINANNA. 7.4 á for the first a. 7.24 e-pe-u for e-pe-ú. 7.18 omits a in a-al-ma. 7.30 omits nu in kenu-um. 7.30 omits NU. 7 i-pu-la-an-ni-ma: ex. 3 has e-pu-la-an-nima; ex. 15 has [i/e]-pu-lu-an-ni-ma; and ex. 28 has e-pu-la-an-nima. 8.3 dMUATI for dAG. 8.29 d15 for dINANNA. 8 Thompson (AAA 19 [1932] p. 103) indicates URU.ni-na-a, but no known exemplar has this. 8.4 U8-ú for u-e-e-ú. 8.24 u-e-e-u for u-e-e-ú. 8.12 omits dib in gaba-dib-bi-ú. 9.11 SILIM for the first ùl-mu. 9.21, 28 NUMUN.ME-ia for NUMUN-ia. 9.5 sa-kap for sà-kap. 9.5 omits ME in LÚ.KÚR.ME-ia. 9.16 BURU14 is slightly anomalous. 9.18 [...] KI a-ur for BURU14 as-ur.KI. 9.29 á-[lam] for ùl-mu.

Text No. 95 1.4, 6 mMAN-GI.NA for mLUGAL-GI-NA. 1.4, 6 GAR for á-ak-ni. 2.4, 6 da-ur for a-ur. 2.4, 6 dMUATI for dAG. 2 ù for u (Thompson). 2 Omission of d in dAMAR.UTU on exemplar from LXVI, 11 (Thompson). 2.6 Photo suggests dAMAR.Ú for d AMAR.UTU. 3.4, 6 dMUATI for dAG. 3 Omission of ú in EN.MEú (Thompson). 4 ul-tu: ex. 4 has [TA] (via spacing); ex. 6 has TA; and ul-tú (Thompson). 4.1–3 Walker, CBI p. 118 indicates that these have APIN-u not APIN-ú; this is likely a misprint since the copy in 1 R has APIN-ú and since elsewhere in the inscription ú rather than u is used. 5.4, 6 omit LA-ú and LA respectively in TI.LA-ú. 6.1 and Thompson omit LÚ in LÚ.KÚR.ME-ú. 6.4, 6 e-bur for BURU14 á. 6 a-ur.KI: ex. 2 and Thompson omit KI; ex. 4 omits a; and ex. 5 has da-ur.[KI]. 7 Addition of d before a-ur (Thompson). 7.2 omits KI in a-ur.KI. 7 DÙ-u: exs. 2–3, Thompson have e-pu-u; ex. 4 has DÙ KI; ex. 5 has DÙ-[u/e]; and ex. 6 has DÙ-e.

512

Minor Variants and Comments

Text No. 96 5 u-ak-lil for ú-ak-lil (brick from LXIX, 7 [Thompson]).

Text No. 104 Frgm. C 1´ Copy of the traces before ú in [...] x-ú::

Text No. 109 31´.3 [URU.gar-ga-m]í for URU.gar-ga-mi. 31´.3 ana for ina. 32´.3 mut-tap-ri-u-te for mut-tap-ri-ú-te. 32´.3 IGI-ú-nu for ma ar-ú-nu. 33´.3 URU.gar-ga-mí for URU.gar-ga-mi.

Text No. 117 ii 74 Copies of ú* and u-ú* in ú*-sa - u-ú*-ma respectively: and

.

Text No. 123 1 ana: ex. 16 omits it; and ex. 17 has a?-na?. 1.16 omits i in GALi. 2.16, 868E reme-nu-u and re-[me]-ni-i respectively for reme-nii. 3.17 é-sag-íl? for é-sag-gíl. 3.16–17 KÁ.DÙG.KI and KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI respectively for TIN.TIR.KI. 3 UMUN-ú: exs. 10, 16, 868E have EN-ú; ex. 17 has EN?-[ú]; and 869A has belí-ú. 4.10 LUGAL-GIN squeezed in between lines, below ú LUGAL dan. 5.868D omits KI in a-ur.KI. 5–6.7 traces after aur and before start of line 7 unreadable; likely part omitted. 6.17, 868D ak-ka-nak-ka and ak-ka-nak-ka respectively for GÌR.NÍTA. 6.10, 16 KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI and KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI respectively for TIN.TIR.KI. 7 u-me-ru: ex. 4 has u-me-ri; exs. 6, 10, 17, 868E have u-me-ri; ex. 7 has EME?.GI7?; ex. 16 has ume-ri; and 869A has EME.GI7; only ex. 1 clearly has u-me-ru. 7.6 ù for u. 8 é-sag-íl: ex. 2 has [é]-sag-gíl; exs. 6, 16–17 have é-saggíl; and ex. 7 has é-sag-gíl. 9.6–7, 10, 16–17 u for ù. 10.869A a-na for ana. 10 DÙ-e: ex. 7 has e-pe; exs. 10, 16 have e-pe-ú (against e-BE-ú of published copy of ex. 16); exs. 17, 869A have e-pe-i; 868C has e-pe-x; 868E has e-pe-[ú/i]; and 868E has e-x-x. 10.7, 10, 16, 17, 869D omit BÀD. 10 im-gurd en-líl: ex. 2 has im-gur-d50; and exs. 7, 16 have im-gur-d50. 11

GETU-ú: exs. 6, 10, 16, 868D have ú-zu-un-ú; and ex. 17 has úzu-un-ú. 11 GÁL-ma: ex. 2 has ib-i-ma; exs. 6, 10, 16, 868D have ib-i-ma; ex. 7 has ib-i-ma; and ex. 17 has ib-i?-ma. 12 a-gur-ru: exs. 2, 868D, 869D have a-gur-ri; ex. 6 has a-gur-ri; and ex. 17 has [a]-gur-ri. 12 ki-ru: ex. 6 has ki-ri; ex. 7 has GIR4; exs. 10, likely 868C have GIR4; and exs. 16–17, 868D, 869D have ki-ri. 12.17 el?-li?-ti? for KÙ-tim. 13.869A i-na for ina. 13 kup-ru: exs. 6, 16, 868C–E, 869D have kup-ri; ex. 7 has kup-ri; and ex. 17 has [kup]-ri. 13.7, 10, 16–17, 868C–E, 869D u for ù. 13 ESIR: exs. 10, 16, 868C have it-te-e; ex. 17 has it?-te-e; and 868D has it?-te-e?. 14.869A i-na for ina. 16.869A ka-a-ru? for KAR. 16.6, 16 DÙ?ma? and ib-ni/nu-ma respectively for ib-ni-ma. 17.7, 10, 16–17, 868D–E omit BÀD. 17 im-gur-d50: ex. 3 has im-gur-dEN.LÍL; ex. 17 has im?-gur?-dEN.LÍL; and 868D–E have im-gur-dEN-LÍL. 18.6 omits ù. 18.7, 10, 16, 868D–E, 869A u for ù. 18.7, 10, 16–17, 868D– E omit BÀD. 18 né-met-d50: ex. 7 has né-met-ti-d50; ex. 10 has német-ti-d50; ex. 16 has né-met-tú-d50; ex. 17 has né-met-ti-dEN.LÍL; and 868D–E have né-met-ti-dEN.LÍL. 19 ki-ma: ex. 7 has GIM; exs. 10, 868E have GIM; and ex. 17 has GIM?. 21.5 á-a-i for á-a-ú. 21 GAL-ú: ex. 16 has GAL-u (u omitted on published copy, but present); and exs. 7, 868E omit ú. 22.7, 10, 16, 868C, 868E IGI.BAR-ma for li-pa-lis-ma. 22.6, 10, 16, 868C– E, 869A ana for a-na. 22.5 LUGAL-ú-kin for LUGAL-GIN. 23 TIN: exs. 5, 16 have ba-la-u; exs. 17, 868D have ba-la-i; and 868E has TI.LA. 24.7, 10, 868E GIM for ki-ma. 24 TIN.TIR.KI: ex. 10 has KÁ.DI.KI; ex. 16 has URU.DÙG.KI; ex. 17 has [KÁ].DINGIR.RA.KI; and 868D has URU.DÙG.KI. 25.10 GIN-un for li-ku-nu. 25.17, 868D BALA.ME-ú for BALA.ME-ú.

Text No. 2001 1.2 a-ur.KI for A.

Text No. 2002 1.3 LUGAL-GI.NA for MAN-GIN. 1.3 KI for ki-at. 2.2 ù for u. 2.3 [ak]-ka-de-e for URI.KI. 3.2–3 i-tu and i-tu respectively for TA. 3.3 ...-u? for gaba-dib-bi-ú. 5.2 has traces of two smallish signs (or one long sign) between a-ur and á-a-ú; possibly u URU. 6.3 el-lu?-ti? for KÙ.ME. 6.3 i-na for ina. 6.3 el-li for KÙ. 7.1 The d in md30-PAP-PAP omits the vertical wedge. 7.3 [iq-bu]-ú for iq-bu-u.

Index of Museum Numbers

Aleppo, National Museum No.

RINAP 2

M 9944 107 M 10890 106 (note the piece was moved to the museum in Hama)

Ankara, Museum of Anatolian Civilizations No.

RINAP 2

AnAr 21717/323 111 (currently in Malatya’s archaeological museum) AnAr 21718/324 114

Baghdad, Iraq Museum No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

IM 18627 IM 18628 IM 18631 IM 24036 IM 24037 IM 24038 IM 24039 IM 56967 IM 60971/1+ IM 60971/2 IM 60971/3(+) IM 60972/2

41.3* 41.4* 41.5* 43.51 43.52 43.53 43.54 80 7.4 §5 7.4 §8 7.4 §1 41.6*

IM 60972/3 IM 60973 IM 60976 IM 60980 IM 67661 IM 67662 IM 67886 IM 72126 IM 72127/1 IM 72127/2 IM 72129 IM 72131?

41.7* 41.8* 2002.1 2 §6; 41.9* 74.1 74.2 49 commentary 41.10* 41.11* 41.12* 41.13*; see 42 42

IM 85067 IM 95520 IM 105695 IM 115468 IM 124999 IM — IM — IM — IM — IM — IM —

76.5 2008 2001.1 2001.3 2001.2 49.3 53.31 54.6 76.2 129 2009

Berlin, Vorderasiatisches Museum No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

VA 968 VA 970 VA 3212 VA 5159 VA 6914 VA 6925

103 77.7 50.6 67.12 68.12 69.1

VA 6934 VA 8424 VA 14663a VA 14663b VA 14663c VA 14663d

69.10 63 127.3 127.4 127.6 127.7

VA 14663e VA 14663f VA 14663g VA 14664a VA 14664b VA 14664c

127.8 128.1 128.2 126.3 126.5 126.7

513

514

Index of Museum Numbers

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

VA 14664d VA 14664e VA 14664f VA 14664g VA 14664h VA 14664i VA 14664k VA 14664l VA 14664m VA 15466 VA — VA —

126.8 126.9 126.10 126.11 126.12 126.13 126.14 126.15 126.1; 127.2 64 66.5 66.6

68 commentary 66.7–8 1005 2005 66.2

1004 1003

67.10 67.7 71 66.2 66.4 66.2 69.11 69.12 69.13 68.8 68.9 68.10 68.11 68.13 68.14

VA Ass 3276h VA Ass 3512 VA Ass 4194 VA Ass 4512 VA Ass 2332a-d+

VA Ass 2049 VA Ass 2066

VA Ass 2070 VA Ass 2071+ VA Ass 2283–2286 VA Ass 2332a-d+ VA Ass 2333a+c–h VA Ass 2366b+ VA Ass 3275a VA Ass 3275b VA Ass 3275c VA Ass 3276a VA Ass 3276b VA Ass 3276c VA Ass 3276d VA Ass 3276e VA Ass 3276f

VAT 8634+ VAT 8698a+ VAT 8698b+ VAT 8698c+ VAT 8749+ VAT 8634+ VAT 10716 VAT 15466

65 65 65 65 65 65 72 64

Birmingham, The City of Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery No.

RINAP 2

BCM 226’78 BCM 336’79

95.5 96.2

Bucharest, National Museum of Romanian History No.

RINAP 2

—

43.57

Chicago, Oriental Institute No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

A 7036 A 7358 A 7359 A 7360 A 7362 A 7363 A 7365 A 7366 A 7367 A 7368 A 7369 A 11807 A 11254 A 11255 A 11256 A 11258 A 16947 A 17574 A 17577

2004 41.39 41.40 41.41 7.1 §5; 41.1* 7.1; 41.42 7.1 §4; 41.43 41.44 41.45 41.46 9.23; 41.18 57 Frgm. M 7.4 §10; 41.2* 7.4 §§12–13 7.4 §11; 41.47 5 §1´ 102 43.11 43.12

A 17587 A 17588 A 17589 A 17590 A 17592 A 17593 A 17597

43.16 43.17 43.18 43.19 43.25 43.26 2002.2

A 169367 A 169368 A 169369

51.6 51.7 51.8

62-J-1–5 64-L-1–3 65-M-1+

41.2* 41.47 41.47

A 25449 A 27862 A 27863 A 39949 A 58101(+) A 58116(+) A 60933 A 60934 A 150519(+) A 150547(+) A 169366

51.3 108.B 108.D 51.4 7.4 §1 7.4 §1 108.E 108.C 7.1 §2 7.1 §7, 41.36 51.5

OI unregistered 4(+) 7.1 §2 OI unregistered 5(+) 7.1 §7 OI unregistered 9 7.1 §9 — — — — —

43.6–10 43.27–50 48 57 Frgms. K and L 59–60

Index of Museum Numbers

515

Cologny, Bodmer Museum No.

RINAP 2

FMB 50

43.56

Florence, Archbishop’s Palace No.

RINAP 2

— —

9.29 9.30

Gaziantep, Archaeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

—

2011

Geneva, Musée d’Art et d’Histoire No.

RINAP 2

MAH O.22

9.31

Genoa, Museo di Archeologia No.

RINAP 2

532+

9.15

Hatay, Archaeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

—+

108.A

Istanbul, Archeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

A 641 A 3364 A 3378 A 3379 A 3380 A 3582 A 3598+ A 3599+

67.11 67.2 67.3 67.4 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.9

A 3647 A 3653

67.1 67.8

E 3282 E 4784 E 6676? E 6677 E 6669?

66.1 49.2 68 commentary 69.45 68.30

E 7848 E 7849 E — E — E — E — E — E —

99.1 99.2 68.18 68.20 69.44 124.4 123.1 127.1

516

Index of Museum Numbers




Jerusalem, Bible Lands Museum No.

RINAP 2

BLMJ 1115

105

Jerusalem, Convent of Les Dames de Sion No.

RINAP 2

—(+)

9.15

Jerusalem, Israel Museum No.

RINAP 2

IAA 63-962 IAA 63-931 IAA 63-1053

104.A 104.C 104.B

IMJ 74.56.251

43.58

Jerusalem, Rockefeller Archeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

IAA 33.3725

1009

Leiden, Liagre Bohl Collection No.

RINAP 2

LB 1309(+)

9.15

London, British Museum No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

BM 12084 BM 22466(+) BM 22505 BM 32343 BM 90232 BM 90233 BM 90235 BM 90236 BM 90237 BM 90238 BM 90239 BM 90240 BM 90241 BM 90242

77.1 7.4 §5 43.3 43.59 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 95.1

BM 90243 BM 90244 BM 90245 BM 90274 BM 90359 BM 90361 BM 90450+ BM 90451+ BM 90599+ BM 90629+ BM 90702 BM 90748 BM 90750+ BM 90803+

95.2 95.3 54.1 53.6 53.7 53.8 54.2 54.2 123.5 123.5 110.1–2 53.9 53.10 53.10

BM 90819 BM 90952 BM 91229 BM 91234 BM 91460 BM 91595 BM 91639 BM 92192 BM 98518 BM 98528 BM 98724 BM 98851 BM 98852 BM 98853

50.5 77.1 78 79 77.2 77.5 77.4 53.36 85 86 88 92.28 92.29 92.30

517

Index of Museum Numbers




No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

BM 102464 BM 104894 BM 108775 BM 115034 BM 118443 BM 118808 BM 118809 BM 118834(+) BM 118835A BM 118923 BM 121133 BM 121134 BM 121136 BM 121150 BM 122614+ BM 122615+ BM 123413+ BM 123416 BM 123422+ BM 123448 BM 123449 BM 123451 BM 123457 BM 123485 BM 123529 BM 128164 BM 128199 BM 128200 BM 128207 BM 128209 BM 128352 BM 128354 BM 128357 BM 128363 BM 128400 BM 134510 BM 134553 BM 135206 BM 135992(+) BM 137468 BM 139287 BM 139291 BM — BM —

54.3 77.6 43.4 8 §1 77.3 9.25 9.24 7.1 §§11–12 41.19 73 92.4 92.5 92.3 95.4 84 84 43.5 87 43.5 92.15 92.9 92.18 92.12 92.11 92.20 92.21 92.22 92.23 92.24 92.25 92.17 92.19 92.7 92.13 92.14 92.16 90 14.4 7.1 §11 96.1 92.8 92.10 1006 1007

47-7-2,43 47-7-2,44(+) 47-7-2,45(+) 47-7-2,46+ 47-7-2,47(+) 47-7-2,48+ 47-7-2,49+ 47-7-2,50+ 47-7-2,51+ 47-7-2,52 48-11-4,24 48-11-4,27 48-11-4,36 48-11-4,74 48-11-4,79 48-11-4,165 48-11,4,166 44-11-4,286 50-12-28,3 50-12-28,4 56-9-9,171 76-11-17,2075 79-7-8,14 81-2-4,182 81-7-1,3406 81-7-27,3 82-5-22,8+ 89-5-11,1+

7.1 §10 7.4 §5 7.1 §11 8 §2 7.4 §5 7.1 §12 7.1 §15 7.1 §15 8 §2 41.19 73 50.2 53.5 78 79 77.2 77.3 77.5 9.25 9.24 92.1 43.59 82 92.2 123.5 83 82 7.1 §12

1932-12-10,614 1932-12-10,620 1932-12-10,657 1932-12-10,741 1932-12-10,745 1932-12-12,505 1932-12-12,548 1970-1-31,10 1973-12-8,1(+) 1979-12-20,139 1979-12-20,140 1979-12-20,142 1979-12-20,143 1979-12-20,144 1979-12-20,145 1979-12-20,146 1979-12-20,147 1979-12-20,148 1979-12-20,149 1979-12-20,150 1979-12-20,167 1979-12-20,212 1979-12-20,213 1979-12-20,257 1979-12-20,335 1979-12-20,336 1979-12-20,368 1983-1-1,69

92.7 92.13 92.14 92.8 92.10 92.16 90 14.4 7.1 §11 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 50.1 50.3 50.4 95.1 95.2 95.3 54.1 53.6 53.7 53.8 54.2 53.9 53.10 50.5 77.6 82

H.80.12

110.1–2

7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §11 7.1 §2 7.1 §2 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 7.1 §12 8 §1 7.1 §11

85 86 88 92.28 92.29 92.30 54.3 43.4 92.4 92.5 92.3 95.4 96.1 92.21 92.22 92.23 92.24 92.25 84 84 43.5 87 43.5 92.15 92.9 92.18 92.12 92.11 92.20 92.17 92.19

DT 6+

47-7-2,22+ 47-7-2,29+ 47-7-2,30+ 47-7-2,31+ 47-7-2,32(+) 47-7-2,33(+) 47-7-2,34(+) 47-7-2,35+ 47-7-2,36+ 47-7-2,37+ 47-7-2,38+ 47-7-2,39+ 47-7-2,40+ 47-7-2,41 47-7-2,42(+)

1905-4-9,24 1905-4-9,34 1905-4-9,230 1905-4-9,357 1905-4-9,358 1905-4-9,359 1907-7-12,2 1914-2-44,1 1929-10-12,142 1929-10-12,143 1929-10-12,145 1929-10-12,159 1929-10-12,179 1929-10-12,820 1929-10-12,855 1929-10-12,856 1929-10-12,863 1929-10-12,865 1930-5-8,3+ 1930-5-8,4+ 1932-12-10,356+ 1932-12-10,359 1932-12-10,365+ 1932-12-10,391 1932-12-10,392 1932-12-10,394 1932-12-10,400 1932-12-10,428 1932-12-10,472 1932-12-10,609 1932-12-10,611

K 1349 K 1660 K 1668a+ K 1668b+ K 1669 K 1671+ K 1672 K 1673 K 1681 K 4471 K 4818 K 8536 K 22184 K 22192 K 22030

89 76.1 82 82 82 82 82 82 43.3 91 82 82 92.26 92.27 101

N 1561 N 2003 N 2070

77.4 53.36 77.1

Rm 2,92

82

Sm 2021+ Sm 2022 Sm 2049 Sm 2050

82 82 82 82

518

Index of Museum Numbers

Malatya, Archaeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

Malatya 855 Malatya 1997 —

113 111 112

Moussaieff Collection No.

RINAP 2

—

76.4

New Haven, Yale Babylonian Collection No.

RINAP 2

YBC 2181 YBC 13510

125 123.16

New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art No.

RINAP 2

MMA 57.27.22

2006

Oslo, Schøyen Collection No.

RINAP 2

MS 2368

76.3

Oxford, Ashmolean Museum No.

RINAP 2

Ash 1924.640 Ash 1932.652 Ash 1932.977

123.2 123.3 123.4

Paris, Louvre No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

AO 1936 AO 5372+ AO 7380 AO 7382

130 65 52.2 Botta’s squeezes

AO 11503 AO 19856 AO 19857 AO 19858

2010 9.1, 41.5 9.1; 41.5 9.2; 41.21

AO 19859 AO 19862 AO 19863 AO 19864

9.27 41.1 41.17 41.38

Index of Museum Numbers

519

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

AO 19865 AO 19866 AO 19869 AO 19870 AO 19871 AO 19872 AO 19873–19874 AO 19876 AO 19877 AO 19878 AO 19879 AO 19881 AO 19882 AO 19883 AO 19884 AO 19887(+) AO 19888 AO 19892 AO 19900 AO 19933 AO 21368

41.22 41.23 41.24 41.25 41.26 41.27 41.28 41.29 41.10 41.30 41.31 41.32 41.33 41.34 41.35 7.1 §§6–7; 41.7, 36 41.37 3 §1´ 49.1 46 62, 2003

AO 21370 AO 21371 AO 23012

44 45 9.28

N 8032 N 8033 N 8069–8073 N 8074 N 8075 N 8076? N 8078? N 8089 N 8090 N 8091 N 8092 N 8093 N 8094 N 8095 N 8096 N 8097

9.1, 41.5 9.2, 41.21 53 commentary 55.1 51.1 50.8 50.7 57 Frgm. I 57 Frgm. J 57 Frgm. C 57 Frgm. D 57 Frgm. B 57 Frgm. E 57 Frgm. F 57 Frgm. G 57 Frgm. H

Nap. III 2856 Nap. III 2857 Nap. III 2858 Nap. III 2860 Nap. III 2862 Nap. III 2871 Nap. III 2884 Nap. III 2897 Nap. III 2898 Nap. III 2899 Nap. III 2900 Nap. III 2924 Nap. III 2925 Nap. III 3102 Nap. III 3155 Nap. III 3156 Nap. III 3400

9.1, 41.5 9.2, 41.21 9.27 41.1 41.17 49.1 3 §1´ 46 45 47 44 57 Frgm. A 57 Frgm. B 2003 43.2 43.1 61

—

53.13–17

Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology No.

RINAP 2

UM 32-22-6 UM 37-16-8 UM 38-13-1091

see UM 37-16-8 53.28 43.55

Private Collections No.

RINAP 2

— —

53.30 2007

Rosen Collection No.

RINAP 2

—

100

Sanandaj, Archaeological Museum No.

RINAP 2

—

115

520

Index of Museum Numbers

St. Petersburg, Hermitage No.

RINAP 2

Erm 3946+ Erm 3947+ Erm 3948+ Erm 3949+

9.10 9.10 9.15 9.14

Tehran, National Museum of Iran, Historical Department No.

RINAP 2

5544/21110

117

Tiflis Museum No.

RINAP 2

—

53.19

Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum No.

RINAP 2

ROM 965.274.1.1–4

117 (squeezes)

Turin, Museo delle Antichità Egizie No.

RINAP 2

P.2054 P.2055

9.26 7.1 §15

Varzy, Musée Auguste Grasset de Varzy No.

RINAP 2

VA 137

15

Vatican, Museo Gregoriano Egizio No.

RINAP 2

15025 15027 15028+

53.22 9.11 9.15

Index of Museum Numbers Wheaton, Wheaton College Archaeology Museum No.

RINAP 2

—

53.29

521




Index of Excavation Numbers

Ashdod No.

RINAP 2

1161/63 1638/1 —

104.A 104.C 104.B

Aur No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

Ass 14? Ass 31 Ass 46 Ass 82 Ass 723 Ass 740 Ass 775 Ass 776 Ass 816 Ass 826 Ass 988 Ass 1024+ Ass 1026+ Ass 1482 Ass 1496 Ass 1500 Ass 1501 Ass 1519 Ass 1521 Ass 1525 Ass 1573 Ass 1582 Ass 1586 Ass 1595 Ass 1598a Ass 1598b Ass 1598d Ass 1635 Ass 1690 Ass 1742 Ass 1800 Ass 1801 Ass 1884 Ass 2204 Ass 2258 Ass 2367

66.6 66.2 66.3 70.2 69.4 68.2 68.3 68.7 68.16 68.4 69.16 71 commentary 71 commentary 68.6 70.6 70.3 69.17 68.1 68.5 69.5 69.6 70.4 69.7 69.8 69.2 69.3 70.5 69.9 68.17 67.2 69.1 70.1 69.18 69.19 69.20 69.21

Ass 2381 Ass 2394 Ass 2794 Ass 2798 Ass 2927a Ass 2927b Ass 2970a Ass 2970b Ass 3000 Ass 3007 Ass 3019 Ass 3054 Ass 3079 Ass 3139 Ass 3143 Ass 3166 Ass 3174 Ass 3175 Ass 3277 Ass 3280 Ass 3285 Ass 3286a Ass 3289 Ass 3298 Ass 3327 Ass 3587 Ass 3652 Ass 3687 Ass 3757 Ass 3772 Ass 3773 Ass 3788 Ass 3793 Ass 3794 Ass 3859 Ass 3898

69.22 69.23 68.8 69.24 67.3 67.4 68.12 68.18 67.5 69.25 69.26 68.19 68.20 69.27 67.8 68.21 70.8 68.22 69.28 68.9 68.23 68.24 68.25 69.10 67.1 69.29 69.30 69.31 69.32 69.33 69.34 69.35 69.36 69.37 69.38 69.39; 70.10

Ass 4005 Ass 4397 Ass 4411 Ass 4572 Ass 5268e, g Ass 5577 Ass 5581 Ass 6471c? Ass 7289 Ass 8800 Ass 9344 Ass 10112Ah Ass 11944 Ass 13366 Ass 13367 Ass 14703 Ass 16007 Ass 16587 Ass 17342a+ Ass 17342b+ Ass 17404+ Ass 17791 Ass 17861a+ Ass 17861b+ Ass 17861c+ Ass 17861d+ Ass 17861g+ Ass 17791 Ass 17969 Ass 18540 Ass 19167 Ass 19168 Ass 20950 Ass 23090

68.26 67.9 68.27 67.10 71 commentary 68.28 69.40 1005 69.41 64 69.11 1004 68.15 69.42 70.7 2005 67.6 63 67.7 67.7 67.7 67.11 65 65 65 65 65 67.11 69.43 68 commentary 69.15 69.14 69.12 1003

523

524

Index of Excavation Numbers

Babylon No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

BE 30680 BE 30681 BE 30682 BE 30683 BE 30684 BE 30698 BE 30700

123.7 123.8 123.9 123.10 123.11 123.12 123.13

BE 30706 BE 30707 BE 30708 BE 30709 BE 30710 BE 31080 BE 32062

123.14 123.15 123.16 123.17 123.18 123.19 123.20

BE 38583 BE 41861 BE 42335+ BE 42417+ BE 58377

124.1 124.2 124.3 124.3 124.4

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

H.80.12 KH.14.O.256 KH.14.O.636 KH.14.O.845

110.1–2 110.4–5 110.6 110.7–9

KH.14.O.974 KH.15.O.221 KH.15.O.300 KH.15.O.355

110.10 109.1 10910 109.3

KH.16.O.215 —

110.11 1010

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

D 5 D 31 D 32 D 33 D 34 D 35 D 36 D 37 D 38 D 39 D 40 D 51 D 88a+b D 89 D 101 D 470 D 525 D 601 D 642 D 998 D 999 D 1000 D 1002 D 1003 D 1194 D 1195

57 Frgm. K 53.32 53.33 53.34 52.4 50.21 50.22 50.23 54.7 56 53.35 2004 57 Frgm. M 57 Frgm. L 60? 43.33 59 43.35 43.37 43.6 43.7 43.8 43.9 43.10 49 commentary 49.3

D 1264 D 1267 D 1288 D 1289 D 1290 D 1291 D 1292 D 1293 D 1294 D 1295 D 1298 D 1299 D 1301 D 1302 D 1303 D 1304 D 1313 D 1314 D 1315 D 1995

43.11 43.12 43.13 43.14 43.15 43.16 43.17 43.18 43.19 43.20 43.21 43.22 43.23 43.24 43.25 43.26 2002.3 2002.2 2002.1 49.3

D 32-1 D 32-2 D 32-3+ D 32-4A D 32-4W

59 43.27 43.28 43.29 43.47

D 32-4X D 32-4Y D 32-4Z D 32-5 D 32-6 D 32-12 D 32-13 D 32-19 D 32-21 D 32-24 D 32-30 D 32-31+ D 32-33 D 32-34A D 32-34B D 32-35 D 32-36A D 32-36B D 32-45A D 32-45B D 32-46 D 32-47 D 32-48 D —

43.48 43.49 43.50 43.30 43.31 43.32 48 43.33 43.34 60 43.35 43.28 43.36 43.37 43.38 43.39 43.40 43.41 43.42 43.43 43.44 43.45 43.46 1001

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

ND 2050 ND 2051 ND 2075a+b ND 2601+

53.31 54.6 1006 74.1

ND 3400+ ND 3401+ ND 3402+ ND 3403+

74.2 74.1 74.2 74.1

ND 3404 ND 3406 ND 3408+ ND 3409+

74.2 75 74.2 74.2

Carchemish

Khorsabad

Nimrud

Index of Excavation Numbers

525

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

ND 3411 ND 3417+ ND 3557

76.2 74.1 80

ND 5486 ND 1989/4 ND 1989/66

2006 2001.1 2001.2

ND 1989/194

2001.3

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

PT4 495 PT4 548a

120 118

PT4 1169 PT4 1170

122.1 121

PT4 1172 PT6 233

122.2 119

Persepolis

Samaria No.

RINAP 2

D 1430

1009

Tell Amarna (Syria) No.

RINAP 2

AM 1463

110.3

Tell Baradn No.

RINAP 2

35 —

76.5 2009

Tell Haddad No.

RINAP 2

581 —

2008 129

Tell Tayinat No.

RINAP 2

T-2209? T-2464 T-3516

108.E 108.C 108.B

526

Index of Excavation Numbers

Uruk/Warka No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

W2 W 1635a W 1635c W 1635d W 1635e W 1831a W 1831b

127.1 126.1; 127.2 127.3 127.4 127.5 126.2 126.3

W 2589 W 2703 W 2704 W 2705 W 3200a W 4663 W 5452

126.4 126.5 126.6 126.7 126.8 127.6 128.1

W 5753 W 6420a W 6420b/c W 11747 W 13182 W 13393 —

126.9 126.10 126.11 127.7 127.8 126.12 126.13–16

Index of Names

Personal Names Abi-atâ: 1 325; 2 329; 3 47´. Adâ: 43 33; 76 23´; 82 v 9´, 11´; 111 31. Adad-n r r III: 92 5. A-iddina: 1 291; 2 315; 3 35´. A -M ti: 1 252; 2 276; 3 8´; 7 94; 82 vii 3´´. Aund ra: See undru. Akkussu: 65 48. Ambaris: 1 194, 201; 2 226, 233; 7 29, 31; 43 23; 74 v 25; 76 15´; 82 vii 7´; 105 i´ 15´. Amitai: 1 167, 169; 2 198, 202; 82 v 17´. Amma...: 2 314; 3 35´. Anda-il: 1 298. Anzî: 65 43. Arbaku: 82 vi 32´´. Argiti I: 63 iii´ 7´; 65 402; 82 v 1. Argiti II: 7 113; 84 21´. Aria: 82 vi 26´´. Ashurnasirpal II (Aur-n ir-apli): 73 13; 107 8´. Asi n: 1 290. Apa-bara (Median ruler of Kakkam): 82 vi 20´´. Apa-bara (king of Ellipi): 2 457, 460; 7 118, 119, 121. Aur-b ni: 2006 1. Aur-dr-p niya: 2010 2. Aur-li: 1 84, 90, 167; 2 198; 4 28´; 7 55, 56; 34 2; 43 33; 63 i´ 11´, 16´, iii´ 14´; 76 23´; 82 v 8; 117 ii 23, 31. Aur-n ir-apli: See Ashurnasirpal II. Atalia: 2001 1. AtkayaDUG: 82 v 15´. Atkaya…: 82 v 15´. Auarisarnu (Awarisarnu): 82 vi 30´´. Aya-lnu: 1 352; 2 341. Aya-rimmu: 2 341. Aya-Sammu: 2 315; 3 35´. Azâ: 1 80, 81, 82; 2 72, 73, 74, 75; 4 22´, 24´, 25´, 26´; 7 37, 38. Azamada: 117 ii 68. Azuktu: 1 181; 2 209, 216. Azri: 1 249; 2 273; 3 6´; 7 90. B bilê: 1 298. Baga-parna: 65 47. Bag-d ti: 1 79, 83; 4 20´, 25´; 7 49; 74 ii 13. Battigur: 117 ii 64. Ba-...: 2 314; 3 34´. Bl- li: 2 342. Bl-aplu-iddina: 1 192; 2 225; 63 i´ 21´; 65 38; 117 ii 32. Bl-iddin: 2011 4. Bel-arru-uur: 1 93; 4 39´; 7 59; 117 ii 36. Birt tu: 65 48.

527

Burbuasu (Median ruler of Uratista): 117 ii 69. Burbuazu (Median ruler of Ginkir): 117 ii 69. Burburazu (Median ruler of B t-Itar): 65 46. Bu…bartanu: 117 ii 69. Da ku: 117 ii 47. Dai nu: 1 352; 2 341. Daltâ: 1 97, 183, 192; 2 89, 218, 224, 455; 4 43´; 7 70, 117; 65 42; 72 A 9´; 74 iii 42; 82 iii 27´, v 60´, 68´, vi 11´´. D rî: 65 47. Dayukku: 1 102, 103; 2 96, 98; 7 49. D n ya: 1 297. Drsi: 65 42. Gunzin nu: 1 205, 215; 2 237; 7 83; 8 9; 9 26; 13 24; 76 24´; 82 viii 7´; 88 8´; 105 i´ 19´. amad nu: See amdanu. amdanu: 1 293; 2 314; 3 34´. annu: 1 56; 7 25, 26; 8 16; 9 23; 13 40; 43 19; 76 12´; 129 20. armakki: 65 429. auk nu: 1 323; 2 328; 3 46´. az -il: 1 292; 2 314; 3 34´. ullî: 1 195, 196, 197; 2 227, 228, 229; 7 30; 74 v 16; 82 vi 6´´´, 11´´´. umbaniga I (umban-nika, Ummaniga): 1 265; 2 291; 3 15´; 7 23, 123; 8 7; 9 12; 13 14; 43 17; 73 7; 74 vi 18; 76 10´; 84 13´; 88 5´; 89 obv. 17; 103 ii 28; 104 Frgm. B 1; 105 i´ 14´; 113 7´; 116 16; 129 18. umbê: 65 46. und ru: 74 vii 20; 116 27. uninu: 1 326; 2 329; 3 47´. I di (Iad ): 1 288. I m n : 1 254; 2 278; 3 8´; 7 95, 101; 8 11; 82 vii 15´´, 37´´; 105 i´ 22´; 113 2´; 116 19. Iannuqu: 1 289, 321; 2 327; 3 45´. Ianzû: 1 104, 147; 2 99; 7 54; 65 306, 307. Iayanu: 1 293. Ia-bi’d : See Ilu-bi’d . Ibn ya: 1 297. Ilu-bid (also Ia-bi’d ): 1 23; 7 33; 35 1; 43 25; 73 8; 76 17´; 81 4, 19; 84 18´; 89 obv. 17, bottom 22; 103 ii 53; 108 Frgm. D 7´; 117 ii 4. Iranzi: 1 58; 7 36; 63 i´ 11´; 65 62; 117 ii 14. Irulena: 105 ii´ 11; 108 Frgm. E 4´. Ipa-bara: See Apa-bara (king of Ellipi). Ipueni: 63 iii´ 4´, 6´; 65 400, 401. Itar-dr (Sarduri I, king of Uraru): 1 144; 63 iii´ 3´, 5´; 65 277, 400, 401. Itar-dr (governor of Arrapa): 65 430.

528

Index of Names

Itesukka (Median ruler of Iteuppu): 82 vi 18´´. Itesukka (Median ruler of Kaitanu): 82 vi 30´´; 117 ii 62. Itamar: 1 123; 7 27. Ittî: 1 84, 89; 4 28´, 35´; 7 55, 56; 43 32; 63 i´ 12´, 16´; 76 22´; 117 ii 23. Karakku: 65 49; 117 ii 55. KAR-...: 1 79; 4 21´. Kiakki: 1 68; 4 6´; 7 28; 43 22; 73 11; 74 iv 50; 76 15´; 117 ii 17. Kibaba: 1 96; 2 89; 4 42´; 7 61; 72 A 6´; 117 ii 42. KID-…: 74 vii 82. Kir...ni: 117 ii 62. Kitakki: 65 44. Kurtî: 1 71; 4 11´; 7 29; 82 vii 5´. Kutirna: 82 vi 15´´. Makirtu: 65 44. Marduk-apla-iddina II (Merodach-baladan): 1 263, 273, 333; 2 287, 305, 329, 331, 370; 3 13´, 51´; 5 2´; 7 121, 125; 8 18; 9 30; 13 45; 74 vi 14, 27; 83 ii´ 12; 111 1´; 113 6´, 9´; 116 25. Madakku (Median ruler of Amakki): 82 vi 17´´. Madakku (Median ruler of Andirpattianu): 65 48. Madakku (Median ruler of Aratista): 65 49; 117 ii 58. Madayukku: 65 45. Matukku: 82 vi 28´´. Merodach-baladan: See Marduk-apla-iddina II. Metatti: See Mitatti. Mitâ (Midas): 1 72, 120, 125, 199, 207, 446, 452; 2 231, 429, 432; 4 14´; 7 31, 150, 152; 8 16; 9 24; 13 37; 43 24; 74 iv 51, v 22, 34, 50; 76 16´; 82 vii 5´; 105 i´ 17´; 109 4´; 116 22. Mitatti (also Metatti): 1 60, 130; 7 45, 48, 52; 65 80, 103, 106, 141, 421; 74 ii 2. Muzibu: 2 341. Mutallu (Kummuean ruler): 1 221, 467; 2 441; 7 112; 84 21´. Mutallu (king of Gurgum): 2 267, 269, 271; 3 1´, 3´, 4´; 7 84, 86; 82 vii 7´´´. Nabû-blu-kain: 2009 15´. Nabû-damiq-il ni: 2 425; 7 139. Nabû-allimunu: 65 428. Nabû-ualla (Puqudean sheikh): 1 286, 322; 2 328; 3 45´. Nabû-ualla (governor of Tamnunu): 2007 1. Nasur-Bl: 67 9. Natnu: 2 341. Na-...: 1 294. Nibê: 2 456, 458, 462; 7 118, 120. P n-Aur-l mur: 2004 1. Parasa: 1 289. Parkuku: See Partukku. Partukku: 82 vi 25´´. Parurasu: 82 vi 21´´. Paunu: 1 323; 2 328; 3 45´. Payukku (Median ruler of B t-Kapsi): 65 45. Payukku (Median ruler of Kilambate): 65 43. Pirû: 1 123; 7 27; 82 vii 30´´. Pis ris: 1 72; 4 13´; 43 26; 73 10, 22; 74 iv 13; 76 17´; 105 i´ 26´; 109 4´, 34´; 117 ii 20. Qumai: 82 vii 10´´´. Rai…: 1 291. R pi: 1 326; 2 329; 3 47´.

Razidatu: See Razitu. Razitu: 117 ii 59; 117 ii 58. Re: 1 53, 55; 7 25, 26. Rusâ: See Ursâ. Sabarru: 1 292, 326; 2 329; 3 47´. Sadani: 1 295. Sa lu: 1 323; 2 328; 3 46´. Sal ni: 1 294. Salm nu-aard: see Shalmaneser V. S me: 1 326; 2 329; 3 47´. Samsi: 1 123; 7 27. Samsi-yada: 1 299. Sargon II ( arru-uk n): 1 1, 80, 269; 2 72, 299; 4 22´; 7 1; 8 1, 77; 9 1; 10 1; 11 1; 12 1; 13 1; 14 1; 16 2; 17 2; 18 2; 19 2; 20 2; 22 2; 41 1; 42 1; 43 1, 23; 44 obv. 1; 45 obv. 1; 46 obv. 1; 47 obv. 1; 49 1; 50 1; 51 1; 52 1; 53 1; 54 1; 55 1; 56 1; 57 Frgm. D 1, Frgm. J 1; 59 1; 61 2; 65 5, 112, 156, 428; 66 1; 67 2; 68 2; 69 2; 70 2; 73 1; 74 i 1, viii 12´; 76 1; 77 1; 78 Akk. 1; 79 Akk. 2; 80 1; 82 vii 33´´, viii 12´´´; 89 obv. 12, rev. 34; 90 2; 92 1; 93 1; 94 1´; 95 1; 96 1; 97 1; 98 1; 99 2; 100 2; 102 4´; 103 ii 1; 105 i´ 16´; 109 46´; 110 1; 111 1; 116 11; 117 i 18, 19; 118 2; 119 2; 120 2; 121 1; 122 1; 123 4, 22; 124 4; 125 i 14, 26, ii 9; 126 1; 127 6; 128 4; 129 1; 130 2; 2001 1; 2002 1, 6; 2003 Inscription A 1; 2004 3; 2007 3; 2008 4; 2009 11´, 14´. Sarruti: 65 48; 82 vi 33´´. Sataru (Median ruler of B t-B ri): 82 vi 21´´. Sataru (Median ruler of the riverland): 65 42. Satarp nu (Median ruler of Barik nu): 65 49; 82 vi 34´´; 117 ii 61. Satarp nu (Median ruler of Uppuri): 82 vi 24´´. Sa…nu: 2 339. Shalmaneser V (Salm nu-aard): 89 rev. 31. Sila: 1 456, 461; 2 436, 438. Sîn-au-uur: 65 132; 2002 7; 2002 1; 2003 Inscription B 1. Singamibu: 2 339.

am -Adad V: 92 5.

apataku (Shebitko): 113 4´; 116 20.

arru-uk n: See Sargon II.

emtarru 117 ii 20.

p-arri: 1 92; 4 38´; 7 58; 117 ii 35.

idiraurâ: 117 ii 64.

ilkanni: See Usilkanu.

itaqupa: 117 ii 63.

ulgi: 125 i 18.

ummurâ: 117 ii 69.

utirna: 82 vi 15´´.

utur-Nandi ( utruk-Naunte II): 1 333, 367; 2 331, 338, 346, 351, 459; 3 51´, 60´; 7 119. Takl k-ana-Bl: 38 1. TAK-…: 117 ii 68. Taru-lara: 2 269; 3 3´; 7 83; 8 10; 9 26; 13 28; 74 v 42, v 60; 76 26´; 82 vii 6´´´, 15´´´; 88 10´; 105 i´ 21´. Tarun-azi: 1 204, 211; 2 236; 7 78; 74 v 41, v 59. Telusina: 1 107; 2 101; 7 45. Tiglath-pileser III (Tukulti-apil-Earra): 66 1. Tukult -apil-Earra: See Tiglath-pileser III.  b ya ( b ya): 1 290.  b- r-Aur: 65 427; 2005 3. Uakirtu: 65 44. Uaksatar: 65 42.

Index of Names Uardatti: 117 ii 65. Uarzan: 82 vi 19´´. Ullusunu: 1 83, 87, 88, 101, 102, 137, 191; 2 80, 95, 96, 224; 4 26´, 27´; 7 38, 40, 44, 50; 63 i´ 8´, ii´ 14´, 21´, 24´; 65 32, 52, 62, 80, 155; 82 iii 12´´´, v 47´; 102 15´; 117 ii 22. Ummaniga: See umbaniga. Upri: 1 454; 2 426, 434; 7 144; 8 20; 9 34; 13 54; 64 13´; 87 17´; 103 iv 23. Uppammâ: 82 vi 16´´. Upp-…: 117 ii 61. Ursâ I (Rusâ): 1 66, 78, 84, 101, 105, 133, 143, 149, 162, 164, 199; 2 76, 95, 100, 190, 193, 231; 4 4´, 20´, 28´; 7 31, 37, 39, 42, 52, 72, 76; 9 15; 43 27; 63 ii´ 12´, iii´ 9´; 65 56, 81, 85, 91, 92, 123, 148, 163, 174, 202, 213, 216, 277, 358, 403, 411, 421, 422; 74 iii 4, 39, v 21; 76 18´; 82 iii 9´´´, iv 3, 29´, v 4, vi 4´´´´; 84 17´; 103 ii 46; 117 ii 23. Urzana: 1 149, 152, 154; 7 72; 65 309, 346, 350, 408, 423; 82 iv 9´; 84 15´; 103 ii 39.

529

Usilkanu ( ilkanni; Osorkon IV): 63 ii´ 8´; 82 iii 3´´´. Urâ: 65 47; 82 vi 27´´; 117 ii 58, 60. U -…: 117 ii 47. Uzî: 65 43. Uzitar: 65 45. Uzumanda: 65 46. Yak n: 1 263; 2 288, 370; 3 13´; 5 2´; 7 122. Zab du: 2 314; 3 34´. Zalâ (also Zal ya): 1 128; 65 64. Zardukka: 65 49; 82 vi 29´´; 117 ii 62. Z rtî: 1 294. Z zî: 1 128; 65 64. …-iada: 2 314. …-me: 1 298. …-parnua: 82 vi 14´´. …-sali: 1 295. Uncertain: 1 293; 82 vi 35´´, vi 36´´, vi 37´´; 2008 4.

Geographic, Ethnic, and Tribal Names Abaindi: 65 283. Abitikna: 7 57; 43 28; 76 21´. Abitikna, gen.: 1 66; 4 3´. Abrau: 117 ii 49. Absautti: 1 185; 2 219. Abrê: 1 322, 339; 2 328, 334; 3 45´, 54´. Adnana: See Yadnana. Agazi: 1 187; 2 221; 7 69. Ailimmû: See il(im)mu. Alamû: 74 vi 47; 111 6´; 113 14´. Aru: 65 29. Akkad (M t Akkadî): 1 267, 271, 389; 2 295, 301, 368, 371; 7 3, 123, 143; 8 1; 9 2; 10 4; 11 2; 12 3; 13 4; 14 3; 16 3; 17 3; 18 3; 19 3; 20 3; 22 4; 42 3; 49 1; 51 3; 64 12´; 67 2; 68 3; 69 3; 70 3; 74 i 4, vi 16, vii 18; 83 ii´ 14, iii´ 12; 87 16´; 103 ii 3, iv 20; 111 1; 113 6´; 116 11; 123 7; 124 11; 125 i 15, i 31; 126 5; 127 9; 1003 2´; 2002 2. Albri: 65 285. Al na: 82 vi 3´´. Allabria: 65 31, 37; 82 v 54´. Allabria, gen.: 1 85, 89, 192; 2 225; 4 28´; 7 55; 43 32; 65 38; 76 22´; 117 ii 23. AllÎ: 65 281. Alluria (river): 65 297. Alluriu: 1 151; 65 324. Aluarza: 65 281. Amâ: 2 335; 3 56´. Amakki: 82 vi 17´´. Amanus (also am nu; Mount): 2 367, 479; 7 143, 163; 8 29, 33, 38; 9 41, 56, 73; 11 35; 13 115; 14 43; 64 11´; 74 vii 15, viii 2´´, 7´´; 83 iii´ 9; 87 15´; 103 iv 16. Amate: 2 335; 3 56´. Amattu: See Hamath. Ambanda: 1 187; 2 221; 7 69. Ammun: 1 228. Amqa…ruu: 30 1. Amurru: 1 67, 78; 2 70, 476; 4 6´, 19´; 7 17, 161; 8 22, 36; 9 68; 10 9; 11 6, 29; 12 8; 13 65, 106; 14 16, 39; 42 7; 43 13; 76 6´; 81 9, 10, 19; 89 bottom 23, rev. 25, 27; 105 i´ 7´; 108 Frgm. D 8´; 116 29; 126 7; 129 13.

Ana: 1 167; 2 199. Andab…: 82 vi 4´´. Andarutta: 65 425. Andia: 8 8; 9 13; 13 20; 43 29; 63 ii´ 17´; 65 14, 76, 154, 162; 74 ii 8; 76 18´; 82 iii 16´´´; 84 15´; 88 7´; 103 ii 38; 116 17. Andia, gen.: 1 107; 2 101; 7 45. See also Missi-Andia. Andirpattianu: 65 48; 82 vi 25´´. Anduarsalia: 1 217; 82 viii 9´. Aniatania: 1 139; 65 184, 284. Anmurru: 1 217; 82 viii 8´. Anzaknê: 117 ii 54, 55, 56. Anzalia: 65 281. Anzaria: 1 112, 113; 7 64. Appatar: 65 64, 71. Arabia, Arabs (Arubu): 1 121, 123, 188; 2 221; 7 27, 69; 74 iv 42. Aram: 1 376; 105 ii´ 17. Aramean(s): 1 332, 444; 2 358, 428; 7 150; 8 23; 10 12; 11 10; 12 13; 14 19; 42 10; 74 vii 57, 70; 109 15´. Arantu (river): See Orontes. Aranzêu, Aranziau: 1 98; 2 91; 4 45´; 82 iii 11´´; 117 ii 45. Aratista, Aratita: 65 49; 82 vi 28´´; 117 ii 58. Arattâ (river): 65 30. Arazu: 65 236. Arbela (Arbail): 2010 1. Arbu: 1 143; 65 277. Ardiki: 1 151; 65 324. Ardiunak: 65 282. Argitiuna: 1 145; 65 287. Armaet: 1 87; 7 41. Armangu: 1 96; 2 88; 4 42´; 82 iii 14´. Armariyalî: 1 142; 65 269, 280, 290. Armuna: 65 238. Arna: 65 271. Arnasia: 82 vi 32´´. Arpad (Arpadda): 1 25; 7 33; 81 12; 82 vi 5´´´´´; 89 obv. 20; 108 Frgm. D 3´. Arrapa: 65 430; 2009 15´. Arsiu: 65 322.

530

Index of Names

Aridu: 1 145; 65 288. Arubu: See Arabia and Arabs. Arusaka: 117 ii 54. Arussa: 117 ii 51. Arzabia: 1 141; 65 239, 254. Arzugu: 65 282. Asapâ: 65 304. Ashdod (Asddu): 1 249, 257, 258; 2 274, 281, 282; 3 6´, 10´; 7 90, 100, 104; 9 18; 13 33; 82 vii 13´, 15´, vii 2´´, 4´´, 13´´, 47´´; 116 19. Ashdod, gen.: 8 11; 105 i´ 22´. Ashdod-Yam (Asddimmu): 1 259; 2 283; 3 10´; 7 104. Assyria (M t-Aur): 1 1, 18, 56, 73, 74, 76, 82, 94, 103, 149, 163, 195, 202, 208, 213, 248, 251, 262, 234, 457; 2 98, 192, 227, 234, 273, 275, 287, 324, 436, 445, 483, 489, 491; 3 6´, 7´, 12´, 42´; 4 14´, 17´, 18´, 27´, 39´; 7 2, 32, 44, 59, 67, 72, 89, 92, 109, 112, 147, 167, 176, 179; 8 1, 11, 13, 14, 26, 29, 52, 56, 61; 9 1, 20, 27, 44, 95, 98; 10 3; 11 1; 12 2, 35; 13 2, 30, 125; 14 2; 15 4´; 16 2; 17 2; 18 2; 19 2; 20 2; 22 3; 41 1, 1; 42 2; 43 2, 30, 33, 39, 45, 74; 44 obv. 2, rev. 52; 45 obv. 3; 46 obv. 4; 47 obv. 2, 3; 49 1; 50 3; 51 2; 52 1; 54 1; 55 7, 1, 6; 56 2; 61 3; 63 i´ 18´, 21´, iii´ 12´; 64 15´; 65 53, 63, 110, 112, 160, 218, 264, 313, 383, 409, 410, 428; 66 1; 67 2; 68 2; 69 2; 70 2; 73 1, 9, 11, 20; 74 i 2, ii 3´, iii 53, iv 1, 17, 20, 36, 41, 47, v 28, 33, 51, 53, 66, vii 31; 75 14´; 76 2, 27´; 77 1; 78 Akk. 1; 79 Akk. 3; 80 2; 81 11, 14; 82 iii 10´, 9´´, v 6, vi 9´´´, viii 12´´´; 83 ii´ 4; 84 11´, 18´; 87 19´; 89 obv. 14, rev. 40; 92 5, 9; 95 6, 7; 96 1; 99 2; 101 3´; 102 11´, 14´; 103 ii 2, 56, iv 32; 104 Frgm. A left 4´; 105 i´ 22´; 106 ii 12´; 109 1´, 6´, 8´; 110 2; 111 1, 14, 24, 30; 112 4´, 7´, 11´; 113 8´; 116 11; 117 i 21, ii 11, 21, 22, 32, 38, 72; 118 3; 123 5; 124 6; 125 i 14, 26, ii 9, 40; 126 6; 127 10; 129 2, 1´; 130 3; 2001 1; 2002 2, 5; 2003 Inscription A 1; 2007 4; 2008 4; 2009 11´, 14´. Assyrian(s): 1 12, 17, 204, 329; 7 32; 41 12; 43 16; 44 obv. 25; 65 410; 75 10´; 76 10´; 84 20´; 89 obv. 3; 103 ii 61; 105 i´ 13´, ii´ 5; 117 ii 46; 129 18. See also Baltil. Aur (city): 43 19; 89 rev. 28; 129 21. See also Baltil. Atuna, gen.: 1 71; 4 11´; 7 29; 82 vii 5´. Aukanê: 65 79, 87, 91. Ay di (also Ayaid): 1 145; 65 280, 297. Ayalaya: 117 ii 66. Ayalê: 65 271. Aya-Sammu: 1 297. Ayaun: 65 284. B b-dri: 2 338, 343, 422; 3 60´; 7 20, 138; 14 22. Babylon (B bili): 1 3, 21, 267, 371, 373, 374, 381, 466; 2 296, 349, 354, 356, 361, 416, 426, 441; 7 2, 6, 124, 125, 135, 140, 149; 8 1, 3, 18, 19; 9 2, 6, 31; 10 3; 11 2; 12 2; 13 3, 5, 48, 52; 14 3, 5; 16 2; 17 3; 18 3; 19 3; 20 2; 22 3; 41 3; 42 2; 43 4; 44 obv. 8; 49 1; 51 2; 64 1´, 7´, 8´, 17´; 67 2; 69 3; 70 3; 74 i 3, 10, vi 17, 63, vii 37, 46; 76 4; 83 ii´ 15; 84 1´; 86 16´; 87 5´, 11´, 12´, 21´; 103 ii 2, 9, iv 1, 41; 107 3´; 111 1, 3; 113 6´, 18´, 24´, 25´; 114 6´, 11´; 116 11, 14, 25; 117 i 25, ii 40; 123 3, 6, 24; 124 9; 125 i 14, 27, ii 10; 126 4; 127 8; 128 6; 129 4; 2002 2. See also uanna. Babylonia: See Kardunia. Bail-gazara: 31 1. Bail-ARri: 103 iv 52. Bail-apna (Baali-apna): 1 230; 2 264. Ba t-ili: 1 184; 2 218; 7 68. B la: 7 57; 43 28; 76 21´.

B la, gen.: 1 66; 4 3´. Balduarza: 65 284. Baltil: 1 3; 7 10; 8 5; 9 8; 13 10; 14 9; 41 5; 43 5; 44 obv. 10; 64 18´; 65 113, 117; 84 2´; 89 obv. 11, rev. 29; 103 ii 18; 108 Frgm. C 2´; 111 4; 116 15; 129 5. See also Aur. Baltil, gen.: 65 429. B niu: 65 282. Barik nu: 65 49; 82 vi 34´´; 117 ii 61. Barsipa: See Borsippa. Barunakka: 65 88. Barzuriani: 65 304. Bikni: 7 18; 8 7, 23; 10 11; 11 8; 12 11; 13 68; 14 18; 42 9; 84 13´; 85 9´; 116 30?. Biriluza: 65 283. Birnakan: 117 ii 61. Biruatti: 65 28. B t-Abdad ni: 65 39. B t-Agsi: 105 ii´ 18. B t-Amuk(k) ni: 1 376; 2 358; 7 21; 13 82; 116 34. Bit ya: 65 281. B t-Bag ya (also B t-Gab ya): 1 113; 7 64; 28 1. B t-Barbari: 82 vi 23´´. B t-B ri: 82 vi 22´´. B t-Dakkri: 1 377; 2 347, 358; 7 21; 13 83; 116 34. B t-Gab ya: See B t-Bagya. B t-amban: 1 11, 116; 43 15; 76 8´; 105 i´ 10´; 129 15. B t-irmami: 1 95; 2 87; 4 41´. B t-umri(a) (Israel): 8 15; 9 21; 13 32; 43 19, 20; 76 11´; 129 19. B t-Imbî: 2 345. B t-Itar: 65 46. B t-Kapsi: 65 45, 75. B t-Paalla: 2 271; 3 4´; 7 86. B t-Puruta (also B t-Puriti): 1 194, 197, 201, 202; 2 226, 229, 233, 234; 9 22; 43 23; 74 v 25, 29; 76 15´; 82 vi 7´´´; 105 i´ 15´. B t-Qibl te: 74 vi 56; 111 8´; 113 16´. B t-Ramatua: 1 98; 2 91; 4 45´; 117 ii 45. B t-Saalli (B t- aalli): 7 21; 13 84; 116 34. B t-Sagabi: See B t-Sagbat. B t-Sagbat (also B t-Sagabi) : 1 95; 2 87; 4 41´; 65 44; 117 ii 40. B t-Sangibuti (also Sangibutu): 1 109, 139; 65 39, 184, 188, 231, 233, 247, 269. B t- il(l) ni: 7 21; 13 83; 116 34. B t-Uargi: See B t-Umargi. B t-Umargi (also B t-Uargi): 1 95; 2 88; 4 41´; 117 ii 48. B t-Yak n: 2 421, 434, 444, 451; 7 22, 116, 137, 149; 8 25; 10 18; 11 14; 12 18; 13 85; 14 25; 42 15; 64 6´; 74 iv 3, vi 80; 87 10´; 113 23´; 116 26, 35. B t-Zabid ya: 2 373; 74 vi 52; 111 7´; 113 15´. B t-Zualza: 65 46; 82 iii 24´. B t-…A…: 4 37´. B t-…angi…: 82 iii 23´. Borsippa (Barsipa): 1 371, 377; 2 416, 354, 359; 7 6, 135; 8 3; 14 5; 64 1´; 74 i 10, vi 64; 84 1´; 87 5´; 107 3´; 111 3; 113 18´; 114 6´. Bubê: 2 345, 422; 7 20, 138; 8 25; 11 12; 12 15; 13 80; 14 23; 42 13; 116 33. Bubuzi: 65 270. Bustis (also Bustus and Butus): 1 187; 2 221; 82 vi 26´´; 117 ii 57, 58, 59.

Index of Names Bya (river): 65 17. Bu…: 82 vi 2´´. Calah: See Kalu. Carchemish (Gargamis, Gargami): 1 76; 4 18´; 8 9; 9 17; 13 22; 43 26; 73 10, 22; 74 iv 18; 76 17´; 88 8´; 105 i´ 25´; 109 8´, 10´, 25´, 31´, 33´; 116 18; 117 ii 20, 21, 22. Carchemish, gen.: 1 72, 74; 4 13´, 16´; 74 iv 13; 109 4´, 6´. Chaldea (Kaldu): 1 9, 21, 263, 268; 2 288; 3 13´; 7 21, 122, 147; 8 18, 25; 9 31; 10 18; 11 14; 12 17; 13 46, 85; 42 15; 43 18; 64 16´; 74 vi 14, vii 33; 83 ii´ 12; 87 20´; 103 iv 36; 113 6´; 116 25, 35. Chaldean(s): 1 271, 272, 444; 2 297, 302, 304, 370, 428, 445; 5 2´; 7 125; 14 24; 74 vi 25; 91 6´; 113 8´. Cilicia: See ilakku and Que. Cyprus: See Yadnana. Dag…: 65 238. Dal ya: 1 139; 65 189. Damascus (Dimaqa): 1 25, 78; 2 70; 4 19´; 7 33, 57; 81 13; 82 vi 5´´´´´; 89 obv. 19; 108 Frgm. D 4´. Damnu: 1 9; 7 126; 9 29; 43 12; 76 5´; 105 i´ 6´; 129 12. Dananu: 1 187; 2 221. Dare (river): 117 ii 63. Dare (mountain): 117 ii 56. Datumbu: 117 ii 60. Dayazuna: 65 282. Dr: 1 3; 7 8, 23; 8 4; 9 6; 13 6; 14 6; 41 6; 43 5, 17; 44 obv. 11; 73 7; 88 2´; 103 ii 13; 105 i´ 14´; 117 i 27; 129 5, 18. Dzizu: 65 283. Diglat: See Tigris. Dilizia: 65 283. Dilmun: 1 454; 2 426, 434; 7 144, 22; 8 20, 26; 9 34; 10 19; 11 15; 12 19; 13 55, 86; 14 26; 42 16; 64 13´; 74 vii 20; 87 17´; 103 iv 23; 116 27, 35. Dimaqa: See Damascus. Dirist nu: 1 185; 2 220. Duain: 65 283. Dunni- ama: 2 345; 7 20; 11 11; 12 15; 42 12. Dr-Abi- ra: 1 275, 328; 2 307, 322, 330; 3 40´, 48´. Dr-Bl- liya: 74 vi 55; 111 8´; 113 16´. Durdukka: 1 58; 117 ii 13. Dr-Enlil: 74 vi 55; 111 8´; 113 16´. Dr-Kurigalzu: 1 9; 43 12; 76 5´; 105 i´ 6´; 129 13. Dr-Ladinni: 1 373; 2 347, 348, 355. Dr-Nabû: 1 283; 2 323; 3 40´. Dr- arruk n (Khorsabad): 1 233; 2 266, 468, 470; 7 155, 157; 8 28; 9 40; 11 20; 12 29; 13 96; 14 33; 41 16; 44 obv. 27; 45 obv. 11; 46 obv. 12; 47 obv. 10; 51 4; 52 3; 53 2; 54 2; 55 3; 56 3; 80 4; 84 8´; 85 4´; 111 11. Dr-Tel te: 2 422; 7 20, 138; 14 22. Dr-Yak n: 1 404; 2 375, 415; 7 126, 132, 134; 9 32; 74 vi 30, 50; 111 1´, 7´; 113 9´, 15´. Ecbatana: See agabtâ. Edom (Udmu): 82 vii 26´´. Egypt (Muur): 1 17, 18, 123; 2 493; 7 17, 25, 27, 102, 183; 8 12, 16, 22, 66; 9 23; 10 8; 11 5; 12 7; 13 39, 64; 14 15; 42 6; 43 13, 19; 63 ii´ 5´, 8´, 10´; 74 iv 42, 46, 47; 76 6´, 12´; 82 iii 3´´´, 6´´´, vii 31´´; 103 ii 26; 105 i´ 7´; 109 15´; 116 29; 129 13, 20. Ekuu: 74 vi 54; 111 7´; 113 15´; 114 4´. Elam (Elamtu): 1 9, 366, 445, 452; 2 344, 350, 423, 424, 425, 428, 432, 445, 465; 7 18, 21, 138, 139, 150; 8 23, 25; 10 16,

531

12; 11 9, 13; 12 12, 16; 13 70, 81; 14 19, 23; 42 10, 14; 43 12, 17; 73 7; 76 4´, 11´; 89 obv. 17; 105 i´ 5´, 14´; 116 33, 30; 129 12, 19. Elam, gen.: 1 265, 367, 368; 2 291, 338, 339, 351, 352, 459, 462; 3 15´, 60´; 7 120, 23, 139, 119, 123; 8 7; 9 13; 13 15; 74 vi 18; 84 13´; 88 5´; 103 ii 28; 104 Frgm. B 1; 113 7´; 116 16. Elamunia (Upper Zab; river): 65 323. See also Zab, Upper. Elikudurini: 1 226; 2 262. Eliyadinia: 65 237. Ellibir: 1 219; 2 257; 82 viii 13´. Ellipi: 1 11, 165, 180, 184; 2 195, 215, 219, 455, 466; 7 18, 117, 121; 8 8, 23; 9 14; 10 11; 11 9; 12 11; 13 17, 69; 14 18; 42 9; 43 14, 31; 76 8´, 20´; 82 vi 12´´, 2´´´; 84 13´; 88 6´; 103 ii 31; 104 Frgm. B 3; 105 i´ 10´; 109 2´; 115 5´; 116 16, 30; 129 15. Ellipi, gen.: 1 97, 127, 192; 2 89, 225; 4 43´; 7 70; 65 42; 74 iii 42; 82 iii 27´, v 60´. El...: 65 237. Enlil-iq a: 2 341. Eridu: 2 420; 7 8, 136; 8 4; 9 6; 13 7; 14 7; 64 4´; 74 vi 75; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 14; 113 21´. Eritana: 7 67. Euphrates (Purattu; river): 1 406; 2 347, 379; 3 57´; 7 128; 65 203; 73 22; 74 vi 23, vi 35; 82 vii 35´´; 109 12´; 111 3´; 113 8´, 11´; 117 ii 20; 123 14. Gabbutunu: 29 1. Gadiy ti: 2 335; 3 55´. Gambulu: 1 330; 2 324, 331; 3 41´; 8 19; 13 53. Gambulu, gen.: 1 274; 2 307, 315, 325, 330, 338, 426; 3 35´, 43´, 49´, 50´, 59´; 7 19, 126, 140; 13 76; 64 7´; 87 11´; 113 24´; 116 32. Gangutu: 27 1. Possibly also 1 92 and 4 37´ (see GanuGI …). GanuGI …: 1 92; 4 37´. Gargamis, Gargami: See Carchemish. Gath (Gimtu): 1 258; 2 282; 3 10´; 7 104. Gaza (azzat, aziti): 7 25, 26; 8 17; 9 23; 13 40; 43 19; 76 12´; 116 23; 129 20. Gta: 65 282. Gimdakrikka: 65 88. Gimtu: See Gath. Ginkir: 117 ii 69. Gizilbunda: 1 128; 65 64. Gizuarzu: 65 235. Gurgum: 2 272; 3 5´; 7 88; 8 11; 13 30; 74 v 55; 76 27´; 82 vii 5´´´, 4´´´´; 105 i´ 21´. Gurgum, gen.: 7 83; 9 26; 74 v 60. Gurmuk: 2 343. Gurrusupa: 65 87. Gurumu: 2 340. Gutium: 7 17; 8 23; 10 10; 11 7; 12 10; 13 67; 14 17; 42 8; 65 318; 116 30. Gutian(s) (Gutû): 65 318; 117 ii 34. abu: 1 170; 2 205; 43 32; 65 323, 366, 383; 82 iv 51´, v 31´. agabtâ (Ecbatana), gen.: 117 ii 69. ail ya: 1 299. albuknu: 1 111. aldinie: 82 vi 5´´. alubarra: 65 43.

532

Index of Names

am nu: 2 345. am nu: See Amanus. amar nu: See amrnu. Hamath: 7 33, 36, 49, 56; 8 9; 9 18; 13 22; 43 25; 57 Frgm. C 2; 73 8; 76 17´; 81 15, 18; 82 vi 5´´´´´, 7´´´´´; 84 18´, 20´; 88 8´; 89 rev. 25, bottom 22; 103 ii 51, 62; 105 ii´ 8; 106 ii 10´, iii 4´, 6´; 108 Frgm. D 5´, 7´, Frgm. E 2´; 111 23; 116 18. Hamath, gen.: 1 23; 7 33; 35 1; 81 5; 89 obv. 18; 105 ii´ 11; 108 Frgm. E 4´; 117 ii 4, 12. amattu: See Hamath. ammatu: See Hamath. amr nu (also amar nu): 1 379; 2 361; 7 18; 13 73; 116 31. anigalbat: 1003 4´. ardania: 65 235. arar: 1 109; 7 61; 8 7; 9 14; 13 17; 23 1; 43 30; 57 Frgm. B 2; 72 A 6´, 8´; 76 20´; 82 iii 3´´; 84 13´; 88 6´; 103 ii 30; 104 Frgm. B 3; 109 1´; 115 5´; 116 16; 117 ii 46. arar, gen.: 1 96; 2 89; 4 42´; 82 iii 26´; 117 ii 41. arubarban: 1 95; 2 88; 4 41´. arr n: 1 4; 7 10; 8 5; 9 9; 13 10; 14 10; 41 7; 43 6; 44 obv. 13; 84 6´, 2´; 88 4´; 103 ii 18; 107 5´; 108 Frgm. C 2´; 111 4; 116 15; 117 i 28; 129 6. arrua: 1 119, 125; 74 v 37; 112 9´. arzianu: 65 49; 82 vi 29´´; 117 ii 62. asrana: 65 283. amar: 1 10; 43 14; 76 7´; 105 i´ 8´; 129 14; 1003 3´. atarikka: 106 iii 7´. atti: 1 23, 67, 222, 223; 2 259, 260, 423, 476; 4 6´; 7 17, 57, 138, 147, 161; 8 22, 29, 36; 9 42, 67; 10 9; 11 7, 28; 12 9; 13 66, 106; 14 16, 39; 41 20; 42 7; 43 13, 64; 44 rev. 37; 45 obv. 24; 46 rev. 28; 64 16´; 73 10, 22; 74 vii 33; 76 6´; 81 4; 82 viii 16´; 84 14´; 87 20´; 103 ii 33, iv 36; 105 i´ 8´, ii´ 17; 109 18´; 111 18, 21; 116 29; 129 14. atti, gen.: 1 199, 253, 467; 2 231, 277, 442; 3 8´; 7 95, 33, 112; 9 18; 43 26; 74 v 47, 20; 82 vii 8´´; 105 i´ 25´. aallu: 7 18; 13 72; 116 31. ayam nu: 1 340; 2 334; 3 55´. ayappa, gen.: 1 121; 43 20; 76 13´. a…taKAna: 82 vi 16´´. ilakku (Cilicia): 1 198, 202; 2 230, 234; 7 30; 8 16; 9 22; 13 37; 74 v 17, 29; 112 5´; 116 22. il(im)mu (Ailimmu): 1 355; 2 324, 344; 3 41´; 7 20. ilipanu: 2 334; 3 55´. iltu: 1 292. indaru: 1 327; 2 329, 292, 325; 3 15´, 42´, 48´; 7 19, 127; 13 76; 116 32. iptunu: 65 425. ir te (river): 1 289. irtu: 2 324; 3 41´. iuru: 2 335; 3 56´. ubana: 2 210; 74 iii 47. ubaq nu: 1 287; 2 323; 3 41´. ubukia: 1 104, 148; 2 99; 7 54; 65 307, 308; 111 32. ula...su: 1 299. undir: 117 ii 36, 37. undur: 65 270. undurna elû: 65 235. undurna aplû: 65 236. urnuku: 65 235. ursaggalla: 2 373; 74 vi 54; 111 7´; 113 15´.

u...: 117 ii 64. Ib didi: 1 120; 43 20; 76 13´. Ibli: 1 324; 2 328; 3 46´. Idiqlat: See Tigris. Igali: 117 ii 48. Inn ya (river): 65 297. Ionian (Yamn yu): 1 117; 8 15; 9 25; 13 34; 43 21; 76 14´. Iqbi-Bl: 1 371; 2 354, 373; 7 125; 74 vi 51; 111 7´; 113 15´. Irnisa: 117 ii 64, 67, 68. Irtia: 65 254. Israel: See B t-umri(a). Ita’ippa: 65 87. Itaraurâ (river): 65 79. Iteuppu: 82 vi 18´´. Ituu: 7 18; 13 71; 116 31. Izibia: (Zibia): 1 87; 4 33´; 7 41. Izirtu: 1 86, 87, 108; 7 53, 41; 63 i´ 9´; 65 35; 82 v 52´; 117 ii 28, 29. Judah (Yaudu): 73 8; 82 vii 26´´. K bani: 65 87. Kaitanu: See Kayatani. Kakkam: 82 vi 20´´. Kakmê: 1 77; 2 69; 4 19´; 43 28; 65 56; 73 9. Kald yu: See Chaldean(s). Kaldu: See Chaldea. Kalu (Calah): 2 451; 65 8; 73 13, 19; 111 7; 2006 2. KAL-KAL: 2 334; 3 55´. Kammanu: 1 205, 208, 214; 2 236; 7 82; 13 23; 74 v 55; 76 24´; 88 8´; 105 i´ 19´; 109 13´; 116 18. Kammanu, gen.: 8 9; 9 26; 74 v 59. Kanzabkanu: 65 47; 82 vi 27´´; 117 ii 58, 60. Kapru: 74 vi 51; 111 7´; 113 15´. K r-Adad: 1 114; 7 65. Karalla: 1 166; 2 196; 7 56; 8 7; 9 13; 13 16; 43 33; 63 i´ 19´, iii´ 14´; 65 31; 73 12; 76 22´; 82 v 8, 28´, 32´, 34´; 84 13´; 88 5´; 103 ii 29; 104 Frgm. B 2; 116 37, 16; 117 ii 32. Karalla, gen.: 1 84, 90; 2 198; 4 28´, 36´; 7 55; 34 2; 63 i´ 12´, 16´; 117 ii 23, 31. K r-AN...RI: 74 ii 6´. Kardunia (Babylonia): 2 349; 7 21, 147; 8 25; 10 17; 11 13; 12 16; 13 81; 14 24; 42 14; 64 15´; 74 vii 31; 87 19´; 116 34. K r-Itar: 1 114; 7 65. K r-Nabû: 1 114; 7 65. K r-Nergal: 1 95; 2 87; 4 41´; 7 60; 82 iii 6´. K r-Shalmaneser (K r-Salm nu-aard): 2010 3. K r-Sîn: 1 114; 7 65. K r- arruk n: 1 100, 115; 2 93; 7 66, 63; 72 A 17´; 74 ii 7´; 82 iii 1´´. Karzinû: 65 48; 82 vi 33´´; 117 ii 60, 61. Kasku: 1 11, 220; 2 258; 8 16; 9 21; 13 36; 43 15; 76 8´; 82 viii 14´; 105 i´ 11´; 116 22; 129 16. Kayatani (also Kaitani): 82 vi 31´´; 117 ii 62. Ka...na: 1 111. Kiaka: 1 217; 82 viii 9´. Kiengir: See Sumer. Kilamb ti: 1 96; 2 88; 4 42´; 65 43; 82 iii 14´. Kimirra: 1 116; 82 iii 22´. Kinari: 117 ii 34. Kinatania: 65 238. Kind u: See Qindu. Kingaraku: 65 45.

Index of Names Kinzarbara: 1 111. Kisilaa: 65 46. Kissik: 1 404; 2 374, 420; 7 9, 137; 8 4; 9 7; 13 7; 14 8; 64 4´; 74 vi 76; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 16; 113 21´. Kiesim: 7 59; 8 7; 9 14; 13 16; 26 1; 82 iii 4´, 15´; 84 13´; 88 6´; 103 ii 30; 104 Frgm. B 2; 116 16; 117 ii 39, 71. Kiesim, gen.: 1 93; 4 39´; 117 ii 36. Kielu: 1 113; 7 64; 39 1. Kipal: 1 140; 65 200. Kiter: 65 212. Kitpat: 65 71. Kitpat, gen.: 65 64. Kuayin: 65 281. Kullaba: 7 9, 137; 8 4; 9 7; 13 7; 14 7; 64 4´; 74 vi 76; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 15; 113 21´. Kullar: 65 11. Kummuu (Commagene): 2 258, 423; 7 138; 8 22, 9; 9 18; 13 23; 64 6´; 82 vii 9´´´´´; 86 15´; 87 10´; 88 8´; 113 23´; 114 10´; 116 18. Kummuu, gen.: 1 221, 467; 2 441; 7 112; 84 21´. Kurabli: 117 ii 47. KURua: 106 iii 8´. Laban: 63 ii´ 7´; 82 iii 2´´´. Labdudu: 7 18; 13 72; 116 31. La ru: 1 352, 354; 2 343, 341; 9 30. Lalluknu: 7 57; 43 28; 76 21´. Lalluknu, gen.: 1 76; 4 19´. Lammun: 1 226, 227; 2 262. Larisu: 1 224; 2 261. Larsa: 2 420; 7 9, 137; 8 4; 9 7; 13 7; 14 7; 64 4´; 74 vi 75; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 15; 113 21´. L ruete: 65 37; 82 v 53´. Lataê: 65 37. Lim tu: 74 vi 57; 111 8´; 113 16´. Litau: 7 19; 13 74; 116 31. Lower river(land): See Nrtu apl tu. Lower Zab (river): See Zab, Lower. Lusu: 1 217; 82 viii 8´. Lullumû: 2 207; 63 i´ 20´; 65 11; 82 v 27´, 29´, 38´; 117 ii 32. See also Zamua. M ab: See Moab. M d-ak la: 74 vi 57; 111 8´; 113 16´. Mad yu: See Medes. Maganuba: 43 44. Maaunnia: See Maunnia. Ma ru: 1 287. Ma u: 2 334; 3 55´. Maunnia (also Maaunnia): 1 146; 65 288. M li: 65 43. Mall u: 1 138; 65 169. Mannea (more accurately land of the Manneans), Manneans (Mann yu): 1 11, 59, 79, 81, 82, 83, 86, 87, 102, 101, 104, 109, 127, 136, 137, 191; 2 71, 73, 95, 97, 98, 224; 4 21´, 23´, 24´, 26´, 27´, 30´; 7 36, 38, 39, 40, 44, 48, 50; 8 8; 9 13; 13 21; 37 1; 43 15, 31; 63 i´ 8´, ii´ 15´, 21´, 25´; 65 31, 32, 51, 57, 61, 65, 71, 74, 75, 91, 155, 163, 172, 259, 419; 73 9, 12; 74 ii 5, 15´; 76 8´, 20´; 82 iii 18´, 12´´´, v 47´; 84 15´; 88 7´; 103 ii 37; 104 Frgm. B 4; 105 i´ 10´; 109 2´; 111 22; 116 17; 117 ii 14, 15, 22, 23, 26; 129 15. Mannu-Iaana: 1 291. Marqasa: 7 86.

533

Marqasa, gen.: 8 10; 13 29; 74 v 42; 76 26´; 88 10´; 105 i´ 21´. Mars mani: 1 121; 43 20; 76 13´. Maranu, gen.: 1 412; 6 3´; 7 130.1 Marubitu: 2 463, 465; 7 121. M t-Akkadî: See Akkad. M t-Aur: See Assyria. Ma...: 57 Frgm. H 2. Medes (Mad yu), Media (more accurately land of the Medes): 1 10, 100, 114, 115, 127, 166, 184, 189, 193; 2 94, 196, 219, 222, 225; 7 17, 65, 66, 69; 8 7, 23; 9 14; 10 10; 11 8; 12 10; 13 17, 67; 14 17; 42 8; 43 14, 30; 65 39, 65, 75; 73 12; 74 iii 55; 76 7´, 19´; 82 iii 19´, vii 11´; 84 13´; 85 9´; 88 6´; 103 ii 31; 104 Frgm. B 3; 105 i´ 9´; 109 1´; 116 16, 30; 129 14. Melid (Meliddu): 1 209, 220; 2 258, 443; 7 79; 8 9, 22; 13 25; 76 25´; 82 vii 7´´´´´; 88 9´; 105 i´ 19´. Melid, gen.: 1 204; 2 236; 7 79; 74 v 41. Melua: 7 103, 109; 8 12, 14; 113 4´; 116 20, 19. Mturna (Mê-Turnat): 2008 3. Missi: 65 51; 74 ii 8. See also Missi-Andia. Missi-Andia, gen.: 7 37. Mi...KI...: 2 208. Moab (M ab): 82 vii 27´´. Musku (also Muku): 1 11, 72, 120, 125, 199, 208, 219; 2 231, 257, 429; 4 14´; 7 17, 31; 8 16, 22; 9 24; 10 8; 11 6; 12 8; 13 38, 65; 14 15; 42 7; 43 15, 23, 24; 73 11; 74 iv 51, v 23, 34, 50; 76 9´, 16´; 82 viii 12´; 103 ii 26; 105 i´ 11´, 16´, 17´; 109 4´, 15´; 112 6´, 11´; 116 22, 29; 129 16. Musku, gen.: 1 446, 452; 2 433; 7 151, 152; 82 vii 6´. Muair: 1 153; 7 73, 74, 77; 8 8; 9 15; 13 19; 36 1; 43 27; 65 321, 340, 350, 408, 410, 419; 76 18´; 82 iv 4´, 8´; 84 15´; 88 7´; 103 ii 39; 116 17. Muair, gen.: 1 149, 152; 7 72; 65 309, 423. Muri (Mount): 2 468; 7 154; 8 28; 9 40; 11 19; 12 27; 13 94; 14 31; 41 15; 43 44; 44 obv. 26; 45 obv. 10; 46 obv. 11; 47 obv. 9; 84 8´; 111 11. Muur: See Egypt. Muku: See Musku. Nabalu (river): See 117 ii 9 on-page note. Nag tu (Nagiatu): 1 296. Nairi: 1 104, 148; 2 99; 7 54; 63 ii´ 17´; 65 259, 298, 306, 307, 323, 414, 419; 82 iii 16´´´; 2008 4. Namri: 1 10; 43 14; 65 39; 76 8´; 82 v 32´; 105 i´ 10´; 129 15. Nanzu: 65 87. Nappi: 65 44. NARbitu: 116 38. N rtu: 65 42. N rtu el tu: 1 98, 109, 112; 2 91; 4 44´; 82 iii 10´´; 117 ii 45. N rtu apl tu: 1 98, 109, 112; 2 91; 4 45´; 117 ii 45. Na tu (river): 2 344. Na...ku or Na...lu (river): 117 ii 66. Nmed-Laguda: 1 404; 2 374, 420; 7 9, 137; 8 4; 9 7; 13 8; 14 8; 64 4´; 74 vi 76; 86 13´; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 16; 113 21´. Nmed-Sîn: 74 vi 56; 111 8´; 113 16´. Nikippa: 65 15, 418; 71 Epigraph 2 1. Niksamma: 1 92; 4 38´; 7 58. Nineveh (Ninua): 2 468; 7 154; 8 28; 9 40; 11 20; 12 27; 13 95; 14 32; 41 16; 43 44, 54; 44 obv. 27; 45 obv. 9; 47 obv. 8; 84 8´; 92 7, 8; 96 2; 111 7, 11.

534

Index of Names

Nippur: 1 3; 2 416; 7 6, 134; 8 3; 9 5; 13 5; 14 4; 41 3; 43 4; 44 obv. 7; 64 1´; 74 i 10, vi 63; 76 4; 84 1´; 87 5´; 103 ii 9; 107 3´; 111 3; 113 18´; 114 6´; 116 14; 117 i 24; 129 4. Niqqar: 117 ii 33. Nu nu: 1 323; 2 328, 335; 3 46´, 56´. Orontes (Arantu; river): 81 9. Paddiri: 34 1; 63 i´ 22´; 73 12; 117 ii 33. Paddiri, gen.: 63 i´ 12´, 16´. Panzi (also Pazai): 37 1; 65 76, 79. Pappa (or P pa): 7 57; 43 28; 76 21´. Pappa (or P pa), gen.: 1 76; 4 18´. Parda: 1 132; 7 47; 65 84. Parnuatti: 1 185; 2 219. Parra: 65 284. Parsua() (also Parsuma): 1 11, 93; 4 39´; 7 58; 43 15; 65 38, 41, 51, 73; 76 8´; 105 i´ 10´; 129 15. Parsuma: See Parsua(). Partakanu: 82 vi 37´´. Paur: 2 324; 3 41´. Patiy n (Patti nu): 1 299; 2 334; 3 55´. Pattaun: 117 ii 56. Pattaus (river): 117 ii 52. Pazai: See Panzi. Persia: See Parsua(), and Parsuma. Philistia (Pilitu): 82 vii 26´´. Phrygia: See Musku. Phrygian: See Musku, gen. Pillatu: 2 344; 7 20. Puqudu: 1 9, 325, 412; 2 293, 325, 329, 391; 3 47´, 42´; 6 3´; 7 19, 126; 9 29; 13 77; 43 12; 76 5´; 105 i´ 6´; 116 32; 129 12. Purattu: See Euphrates. Purir: 1 217; 82 viii 8´. Qallania: 1 145; 65 281, 287. Qallania (river): 65 297. Qan-Rame-il: 1 287. Qant u: See Qindu. Qarat-Nanni: 1 286. Qarkasia: 82 vi 36´´; 117 ii 69. Qarqar: 1 24; 7 34, 35; 81 8; 101 4´; 108 Frgm. D 2´; 117 ii 10. Qind u (also Qant u): 1 113; 7 64; 24 1; 65 45. Qippa: 65 304. Qiuna: 65 281. Que: 1 118, 120, 126, 445; 2 429; 7 150; 9 24; 43 21, 24; 74 v 38; 76 16´; 82 vi 3´´´´; 105 i´ 18´; 112 9´. Qumasi: 1 120. Qutta: 65 304. Raksi: 65 87. R manda: 117 ii 63, 64. Rapia (Rapiu): 1 57; 7 25; 8 16; 9 22; 13 38; 43 19; 76 12´; 116 23; 129 20. Rapiqu: 1 9; 43 12; 76 5´; 105 i´ 6´; 129 13. Rappâ (river): 65 30. Raqqatu: 74 vi 53; 111 7´; 113 15´; 114 4´. R i: 1 8; 2 345; 7 18; 8 23; 9 29; 10 11; 11 9; 12 12; 13 69; 14 18; 42 10; 43 12; 76 4´; 105 i´ 5´; 116 30; 129 12. Rimanuti: 1 186; 2 220. River(land): See Nrtu. Riyar: 1 144; 65 277. Rubuu: 7 18; 13 71; 116 31. Rur…: 117 ii 69.

Ruua: 1 325; 2 292, 324, 329; 3 15´, 42´, 47´; 7 19, 127; 13 74; 116 31. Sabaeans (Sabaa), gen.: 1 123; 7 27. Sagbat: 2 425; 7 139. Sa lu (also Sailu): 2 335; 3 56´. Sakâ: 117 ii 62. Saktatu: 65 87. Samal (Samalla): 82 vi 4´´´´´. Samaria (Samer na): 1 16, 25, 123; 7 23, 33; 8 15; 9 21; 13 31; 74 iv 37; 81 13; 89 obv. 20; 108 Frgm. D 4´. Samaria, gen.: 1 13; 74 iv 25. Samna: 1 451; 2 338, 340, 343, 422, 432; 3 60´; 7 20, 138; 8 24; 13 79; 14 22; 116 33. Sangibutu: See B t-Sangibuti. Sarduriurda: 65 212, 214, 231. Sikris: 1 99, 110; 2 92; 4 45´; 82 vii 11´; 117 ii 48, 51. Sikris, gen.: 82 vi 14´´. Simirria: 65 18; 71 Epigraph 3 1. Sinabir: 65 29. Sinabu: 67 9. Sinaulzi: 65 28. Siniini: 65 35. Sinu: 32 1. Sippar: 1 3, 380; 2 361, 416; 7 5, 134; 8 3; 9 5; 13 5; 14 4; 41 3; 43 4; 44 obv. 7; 64 1´; 74 i 10, vi 63; 76 4; 84 1´; 87 5´; 103 ii 9; 111 3; 113 18´; 114 6´; 116 14; 117 i 24; 129 4. Sirara: 2009 13´. Sir ya: 1 298. Sirdakka: 65 52. Sitera: 65 88. Sbi: 65 169, 172. Sukkia: 7 57; 43 28; 76 21´. Sukkia, gen.: 1 66; 4 3´. Sul ya: 1 354, 353; 2 342, 343. Sumbi: 65 12, 418. Sumer (Kiengir, umerû): 1 267, 270, 388; 2 295, 301, 368, 371; 7 2, 123, 143; 8 1; 9 2; 10 4; 11 2; 12 3; 13 3; 14 3; 16 3; 17 3; 18 3; 19 3; 20 3; 22 3; 42 3; 49 1; 51 3; 64 12´; 67 2; 68 3; 69 3; 70 3; 74 i 3, vi 16, vii 18; 83 ii´ 14, iii´ 12; 87 16´; 103 ii 3, iv 20; 111 1; 113 6´; 116 11; 123 7; 124 10; 125 i 15; 126 5; 127 9; 2002 2. Surappu (river): 1 278; 2 311; 3 32´; 7 19; 8 24; 10 13; 11 11; 12 14; 13 75; 14 20; 42 11; 116 32. Surika: 65 31. Surzî: 65 237. Sutians (Sutû): 1 266, 412; 2 293, 418; 6 3´; 7 19, 82, 123, 130, 135, 136; 8 24; 10 14; 13 77; 14 20; 64 2´, 3´; 74 v 71, vi 69, 71, vii 58; 86 11´; 87 6´, 7´; 113 19´, 20´; 114 7´; 116 32. Sya: 65 29. ibar, ibur: 1 10; 43 14; 76 7´; 105 i´ 9´; 129 14. ibar, ibur, gen.: 65 48; 117 ii 65. imirra: 1 25; 7 33; 81 13; 89 obv. 19; 108 Frgm. D 3´. inipalâ: 65 271. iniunak: 65 271. iqarra: 65 285. ittuarzu: 65 237. urr yu: See Tyre, gen. urru: See Tyre. urzialdiu: 65 238.

alzî: 65 285.

aparda: 1 99, 110; 2 92; 4 45´; 65 47; 82 vi 3´´´.

Index of Names

aparda, gen.: 117 ii 47.

arnî: 65 271.

aruardî: 65 284.

a-inia: 65 236.

azissa: 65 235.

t-iddina: 74 vi 52; 111 7´; 113 15´; 114 4´.

eyak (also iyak): 1 151; 65 324.

ikkanu: 65 282.

indarara: 1 220; 2 257; 82 viii 13´.

inutu: 1 69, 70; 4 11´, 8´; 7 29; 8 15; 9 24; 13 33; 43 22; 73 11; 76 14´; 117 ii 17.

inutu, gen.: 1 68; 4 7´; 7 28; 74 iv 50.

iyak: See eyak.

uandaul: 1 58; 7 48.

uanna: 1 379; 2 360, 372. See also Babylon.

umattar: 65 285.

umerû: See Sumer.

undaul: 117 ii 13.

urda: 1 169; 8 7; 13 16; 76 24´; 82 v 8´; 84 13´; 88 6´; 103 ii 29; 104 Frgm. B 2; 116 16.

urda, gen.: 43 33; 82 v 9´, v 11´; 111 31.

urgadia: 1 93; 4 38´; 7 58; 117 ii 34.

uruman: 1 224; 2 261.

u…: 1 112. Tabal: 1 11, 200; 2 232; 8 16; 9 22; 13 36; 43 15; 65 358, 361; 73 11; 76 8´; 82 iv 39´, 30´, vi 2´´´´´, 10´´´´´; 105 i´ 11´; 109 15´; 116 22; 117 ii 17, 19; 129 16. Tabal, gen.: 1 194; 2 226; 7 30. Tamnnu: 2007 2. Tamudu: 1 120; 43 20; 76 13´. Tarbug ti: 2 323; 3 41´. Tarmakisa: 1 139; 65 184, 189, 199; 74 iii 1. Tarui: 1 139; 65 189; 74 iii 1. Tatami: 65 88. Tsa: See Ta. Tesammia: 65 88. Ta (also Tsa), gen.: 43 18; 76 11´; 81 2. Tigris (Diglat, Idiqlat; river): 7 18; 8 23; 10 13; 11 10; 12 14; 13 70; 14 19; 42 11; 74 vi 23; 82 vii 35´´; 113 8´; 116 31. Tikrakka: 25 1. T l-Garimme: 1 210, 213; 7 81, 82. T l-umba: 2 345, 422; 7 20, 138; 8 25; 10 16; 11 12; 12 15; 13 80; 14 23; 42 13; 116 33. Timassina: See Timassunu. Timassunu (also Timassina): 1 288; 2 323; 3 41´. Tiu…: 113 5´. Tu yadi: 1 107; 2 101; 7 44. Tuna: See Atuna. Tupliya (river) 1 296, 317; 2 326; 3 43´. Turanira: 1 225; 2 261. Turtani: 65 29. Tuumuna: 43 18. Tuumuna, gen.: 1 20; 76 11´; 81 3. Tyre (urru): 1 118; 43 21; 109 15´. Tyre, gen.: 1 457; 2 436. urupâ: 65 150. Uab…u…: 117 ii 56. Ualuquya: 65 304. Uargin: 1 218; 2 256; 82 viii 11´. Uadirikka: 65 82, 86. Uatzunza: 65 236.

535

Uau: 1 80, 82, 135; 2 74; 4 23´, 25´; 7 38, 42; 65 96, 142, 145; 82 iv 5; 84 17´; 103 ii 47. Uayis: 1 146, 147; 65 285, 298, 299, 306. Ubabara: 65 88. Ubianda: 1 143; 65 272. Ubulu: 7 19; 13 73; 116 31. Udmu: See Edom. Uidi: 1 136; 65 91, 163, 167. Uidi, gen.: 1 79; 4 20´; 7 37, 49; 74 ii 13. Uizuku: 65 280. Ukuta: 117 ii 52, 54. Ul yû: 1 151; 65 324. Ulu: 1 140; 65 216, 233, 200, 214. Ul…ti: 82 vi 4´. Unqi: 105 ii´ 19. Upâ: 65 15, 418; 71 Epigraph 2 1. Uparia (also Uppuria): 1 110, 186; 2 220; 82 vi 24´´; 117 ii 56, 58, 59. Upper river(land): See Nrtu el tu. Upper Zab (river): See Zab, Upper. Uqnû (river): 1 281, 320, 334, 337; 2 316, 325, 327, 332, 333, 336; 3 35´, 36´, 43´, 44´, 51´, 53´, 58´; 7 19; 8 24; 10 14; 11 11; 12 14; 13 75; 14 20; 42 12; 116 32. Uqquti: See Uqutti. Uqutti (also Uqquti): 82 vi 19´´, 4´´´. Ur: 2 374, 419; 7 8, 136; 8 4; 9 6; 13 6; 14 7; 64 4´; 74 vi 75; 87 8´; 88 3´; 103 ii 14; 113 21´. Uraru: 1 11, 85, 161, 199, 218; 2 189, 231, 256; 4 29´; 7 76, 78, 113; 8 8; 9 15; 13 19; 43 15, 23, 27; 63 ii´ 17´, iii´ 4´, 7´; 65 61, 142, 152, 154, 162, 167, 170, 172, 248, 298, 336, 337, 339, 342, 347, 366, 383, 398, 400, 402, 404, 414, 418, 419; 74 iii 38; 76 8´, 18´; 82 iii 15´´´, iv 2, 50´, v 1, vi 4´´´´, viii 10´; 84 16´, 21´; 88 7´; 103 ii 42; 105 i´ 16´, 11´; 116 17; 129 15. Uraru, gen.: 1 67, 78, 84, 101, 105, 133, 149, 164; 2 76, 95, 100, 193; 4 4´, 20´, 28´; 7 31, 37, 39, 42, 73; 9 16; 63 ii´ 12´; 65 81, 92, 123, 421, 422; 74 iii 5, v 22; 76 19´; 82 iii 9´´´, iv 3; 84 17´; 103 ii 46. Uratas: 117 ii 68. Uratista: 117 ii 69. Uriakku: 1 99, 186; 2 92, 220; 65 49. Uriakku, gen.: 117 ii 55. Uriangi: 65 44. Uriqatu: 1 99, 110; 2 92; 4 45´. Urizzu: 7 110. Uruk: 2 420; 7 8, 136; 8 4; 13 7; 14 7; 64 4´; 74 vi 75; 87 8´; 103 ii 14; 113 21´; 125 i 12, ii 36; 127 2. Usi: 1 218; 2 256; 82 viii 11´. Usian: 1 218; 2 256; 82 viii 11´. Usigur: 65 48. Unanis: 1 119, 126; 74 v 37; 112 9´. Uqaya: 1 137; 65 167, 177, 184, 188. Utirna: 1 185; 2 220. Uyadaue: 1 187; 2 221. U…: 1 226. U…ta: 117 ii 68. Y : 1 458; 2 436; 7 145; 8 17; 9 28; 13 42; 64 14´; 74 vii 25, vii 43; 87 18´; 103 iv 28; 105 i´ 24´; 116 24. Yadburu: 1 353, 354, 355, 366, 370; 2 292, 338, 342, 343, 344, 350, 354, 325; 3 15´, 42´; 7 20, 150; 8 24; 9 30; 10 15; 13 78; 14 21; 116 32.

536

Index of Names

Yadnana (also Adnana; Cyprus): 1 458; 2 436; 7 16, 145; 8 17, 22; 9 28; 10 7; 11 4; 12 5; 13 43, 63; 14 14; 42 5; 64 14´; 74 vii 25, 44; 87 18´; 103 iv 29, iv 53; 105 i´ 24´; 116 24, 29. Yamn yu: See Ionian. Yaptiru: 2 334; 3 55´. Yaudu: See Judah. Zab, Lower (Zaban aplû; river): 65 10. Zab, Upper (Zaban elû; river): 65 8, 323. See also Elamunia. Zaini: 82 vii 5´´´. Zakruti: 65 47; 117 ii 46, 47. Z mê: 1 322, 339; 2 327, 334; 3 45´, 54´. Zamua: 65 11; 1003 3´. See also Lullumû. Zaranda: 1 137; 65 168; 74 iii 12. Zar ti: 74 vi 53; 111 7´; 113 15´; 114 4´. Zazaknu: 82 vi 35´´. Zibia: See Izibia. Zikirtu: 8 8; 9 14; 13 20; 43 29; 65 14, 76, 79, 154, 162, 419; 76 18´; 84 15´; 88 7´; 103 ii 38; 116 17.

Zikirtu, gen.: 1 60, 79, 131; 2 71; 4 21´; 7 37, 45; 37 2; 65 80, 103, 106, 141, 421; 74 ii 2. Zimur: 1 136; 65 145. Zirdiakka: 65 71, 74. Zirma: 65 237. Zurzukka: 7 48. ... (land): 82 vi 2´´´´, vii 2´´´´´; 117 ii 64. ... (city): 1 354; 2 374; 65 236, 238; 81 13; 82 vi 3´´, viii 2´, 3´; 117 ii 23, 61, 63. ... (river): 2 413. …ba: 82 vi 3´´. …durini: 2 261. ...lama: 4 37´. …nak: 65 237. …nam yu, gen.: 74 ii 4. …paqa: 1 297. …r yu, gen.: 74 ii 9. …sanâ: 82 vi 15´´. …t ya…: 82 vi 4´´. …tin yu, gen.: 65 212. …tu: 81 13.

Divine, Planet, and Star Names Adad: 2 469; 7 155; 8 34, 42, 43; 9 59, 83, 84, 105; 19 1; 41 17; 43 62, 67, 77; 44 obv. 29, rev. 59; 45 obv. 13; 46 obv. 15; 47 obv. 12; 48 2´; 65 326; 65 14, 147, 160, 224, 230, 343; 73 19; 82 iii 7´, 4´´, viii 8´´´, 10´´´; 84 9´; 103 i 9; 107 7´; 111 12; 117 ii 39, 44; 2005 1; 2011 1. See also “The God Adad Is the One Who Maintains Its Prosperity” and “The God Adad Is the One Who Establishes My Prosperity.” Anu: 1 1, 5; 8 45; 9 10, 86, 87; 13 12; 41 7; 43 1, 6, 58, 69; 44 obv. 14; 65 147; 73 1; 76 1; 80 2; 88 4´; 117 i 20; 129 1, 6. See also “The God Anu Is the One Who Makes My Undertakings Successful.” Anun tu: 90 1. Anunnak: 89 obv. 1; 103 i 1. Asari: 125 i 27. See also Marduk. Aur: 1 1, 2, 20, 54, 62, 73, 76, 81, 84, 99, 102, 108, 122, 150, 161, 164, 189, 200, 203, 205, 408, 453, 464; 2 92, 97, 193, 222, 232, 235, 237, 347, 348, 384, 396, 434, 440, 455, 467, 482, 483, 487, 495, 509, 510; 4 18´, 24´, 30´; 6 7´; 7 3, 28, 34, 40, 53, 55, 63, 70, 111, 124, 145, 154, 166, 167, 172, 187; 8 2, 8, 14, 20, 21, 47, 50, 54, 70, 85, 86; 9 3, 15, 90, 94; 10 6; 11 3, 44; 12 4, 24, 34; 13 18, 91, 123, 131; 14 29; 42 5; 43 1, 3, 71, 73, 77; 44 obv. 1, 4, rev. 59; 45 obv. 2, rev. 48, 50; 46 obv. 3; rev. 39; 47 rev. 25; 50 2; 57 Frgm. C 1; 63 i´ 15´, ii´ 9´, 15´, 21´; 64 13´, 21´; 65 1, 3, 13, 27, 60, 63, 68, 80, 92, 116, 121, 125, 127, 146, 148, 152, 156, 176, 220, 256, 310, 314, 346, 407, 415, 427; 67 1, 3, 8; 68 1; 69 1; 70 1; 73 1, 2; 74 i 6, 27, ii 14´, iii 45, iv 43, vi 22, 43, 82, vii 23; 76 1, 3, 13´, 24´; 82 iii 7´, 18´, 4´´, 5´´´, 13´´´, iv 10, v 9, 30´, 39´, 40´, 50´, 61´, vi 9´´´´´, vii 9´, 28´´, 35´´, 41´´, viii 8´´´, 10´´´; 83 ii´ 1; 84 3´; 87 17´; 88 6´; 89 obv. 1, 12, 19, bottom 23, rev. 30, 40, 43; 92 1; 95 2; 103 i 1, ii 5, iv 26, iv 48; 104 Frgm. B 4; 105 ii´ 13; 106 ii 16´, iii 3´, 11´, 13´; 108 Frgm. D 6´; 109 5´, 14´, 22´, 33´, 36´; 111 2, 31, 5´; 113 4´, 13´; 116 1, 13, 20, 46; 117 i 1, 4, 20, 22, ii 7, 15, 22, 23, 24, 26, 38, 41, 44, 68, 71, 72, 73; 129 1, 3; 1003 1´. See

also “The God Aur Is the One Who Prolongs the Reign of Its Royal Builder (and) Protects His Troops.” Aya: 118 1. Bagbartu: 1 160; 7 76; 65 368, 385, 391, 423; 82 iv 54´, 4´´; 84 15´; 103 ii 40. Bl: 1 332, 372; 2 320, 321, 355, 367; 3 39´; 7 143; 43 59; 64 12´; 65 415; 87 16´; 103 iv 18. See also Marduk. Blet-Arba-il (Lady of Arbela): 84 4´. Blet-il : 8 46, 47; 9 89; 41 14; 43 70; 65 18, 23. See also “The Goddess Blet-Il Is the One Who Increases Its (Animals’) Offspring.” Blet-Nina (Lady of Nineveh): 100 1. Dag n: 1 1, 5; 9 10; 13 12; 41 8; 43 1, 6; 44 obv. 14; 76 1; 88 4´; 117 i 20; 129 1, 7. Damkina: 130 1. Daragal: 43 57. Ea: 2 469; 7 155; 8 34, 46, 47; 9 58, 88, 89; 41 14, 17; 43 58, 62, 70; 44 obv. 29; 45 obv. 12; 46 obv. 14; 48 1´; 65 23; 84 9´; 111 12. See also “The God Ea Is the One Who Keeps Its Spring(s) in Good Order.” Enlil: 1 1; 267, 374; 2 296, 356, 489; 7 124, 140, 175; 8 30, 43, 44; 9 44, 84, 85; 41 1; 43 1, 45, 58, 60, 68; 44 obv. 1; 45 obv. 2; 46 obv. 2; 47 obv. 2; 50 2; 64 8´; 65 6, 9, 110, 112, 121, 316; 73 1, 5; 74 vii 46; 76 1; 80 2; 87 12´; 89 obv. 3, 13, rev. 34; 95 1; 103 iv 1; 113 25´; 117 i 19, i 26; 129 1; 1003 1´; 2009 12´. See also 8 46; 9 88; 43 70. See also “The God Enlil Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation Of My City.” Erra: 103 iv 71. aldi: 1 153, 160; 7 76, 77; 65 279, 336, 340, 342, 347, 350, 367, 368, 385, 391, 398, 401, 408, 423; 82 iv 8´, 53´, 54´, 4´´; 84 15´; 103 ii 40. Ig g: 89 obv. 1; 103 i 1; 116 1; 117 i 1, ii 72; 2009 10´. Inanna: 127 1; 128 1. Itar: 8 45, 46; 9 87, 88; 43 69; 65 160; 74 viii 25´, 10´´; 82 iii 7´, 4´´; 92 7, 8; 103 i 20; 108 Frgm. B i 2´; 116 7; 117 ii

Index of Names 39, 44; 125 i 1, 32, ii 7, 20; 2010 1. See also “The Goddess Itar Is the One Who Makes Its People Flourish.” Karua: 109 31´. Kub ba: 109 31´. Kulla: 8 32; 9 50; 43 58, 60; 125 ii 1. Lugal-dingira: 43 53. Magur: 65 318. Marduk: 1 2, 149, 268, 272, 385, 408, 453; 2 297, 303, 347, 349, 364, 371, 384, 434, 467; 5 3´; 7 3, 111, 124, 141, 145, 154; 8 2, 21; 9 3; 10 6; 11 3; 12 5, 25; 13 92; 14 30; 42 5; 43 3; 44 obv. 4; 64 8´, 13´; 65 10, 13, 60, 92, 112, 148, 156, 310, 316, 317, 407; 72 A 5´; 73 2; 74 i 6, vi 43, vii 16, 23; 76 3; 81 1, 2; 82 vii 34´´; 83 ii´ 2, iii´ 10; 87 12´, 17´; 89 obv. 13; 92 2, 4, 8; 95 2, 3; 103 i 11, ii 5, iv 4, 26, 49; 111 2, 5´, 13´; 113 4´, 13´, 25´; 116 3, 13, 20; 117 i 5, 22, ii 22; 123 1, 21; 125 i 28, ii 12; 129 3; 2009 4´. See also Asari and Bl. Mullissu: 8 44; 9 85, 86; 43 68; 65 9. See also “The Goddess Mullissu Is the One Who Creates Abundance.” Muda: 43 60. Nabû: 1 373, 379, 385; 2 347, 349, 355, 360, 364, 368, 467, 469; 7 3, 111, 143, 145, 154, 155; 8 2, 21, 34; 9 3, 59; 10 6; 11 3; 12 5, 25; 13 92; 14 29; 22 1; 42 5; 43 59; 64 12´, 13´; 65 13, 156, 310, 317, 415; 74 i 6, vi 43, vii 16, 23; 83 ii´ 2, iii´ 10; 84 9´; 87 16´, 17´; 92 2, 4, 7, 8; 95 2, 3; 96 2; 99 1; 103 i 15, ii 5, iv 18, 26, 49; 111 2, 12, 5´; 113 4´, 13´; 116 4, 13, 20. Nergal: 65 14, 417; 73 19; 117 ii 67; 2008 1. Ninagal: 2 478; 7 163; 8 37; 9 71; 11 33; 13 111; 14 42. Ningal: 8 34; 9 59; 20 1; 43 62; 44 rev. 59; 61 1. Ninkura: 2008 6. Ninmenanna: 43 48.

537

Niniku: 17 1; 43 58; 46 obv. 19; 65 7. Ninurta: 2 469; 7 156; 8 34, 48; 9 59, 91; 16 1; 41 17; 43 62; 43 71; 44 obv. 29; 45 obv. 13; 46 obv. 15; 47 obv. 12; 48 2´; 65 6; 84 9´; 111 12. See also “The God Ninurta Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of the Wall for (All) Days to Come” and “The God Ninurta Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of His City for (All) Days to Come.” Ninzadim: 45 rev. 26; 2008 6. Nisaba: 43 41; 65 208; 74 vii 68. Nudimmud: 1 225; 2 261; 73 6; 82 i 7. Sebetti: 49 1; 103 i 22; 108 Frgm. B i 4´. Sigga: 43 53. Sîn: 2 469; 7 155; 8 34; 9 59, 104; 18 1; 20 4; 41 17; 43 62; 43 57; 44 obv. 29; 45 obv. 13; 46 obv. 14; 47 obv. 11; 48 2´; 54 3; 55 2; 81 16; 82 iii 7´, 4´´; 84 6´, 9´; 103 i 3; 111 12; 116 5; 117 i 7, ii 38, ii 44.

ama: 1 408; 2 384, 469; 3 3´; 7 155; 8 34, 42, 43; 9 59, 83, 84, 104; 41 17, 25; 43 43, 62, 67, 77; 44 obv. 29; 45 obv. 13; 46 obv. 15; 47 obv. 12; 48 2´; 54 4; 55 2; 63 ii´ 13´; 65 10, 13, 94, 112, 121, 148, 156, 310, 319, 416; 82 iii 7´, 4´´, 10´´´, vii 34´´; 84 9´; 103 i 6; 111 12; 116 6; 117 i 9, ii 38, 44; 119 1; 120 1. See also “The God ama Is the One Who Makes Me Triumph.”

arrat-Nina (Queen of Nineveh): 84 4´.

auka: 43 54. Tamtu: 1 373; 2 355, 368; 7 143; 64 12´; 74 vii 16; 83 iii´ 10; 87 16´; 103 iv 19. Zarpan tu: 1 372; 2 355, 367; 7 143; 64 12´; 74 vii 16; 83 iii´ 10; 87 16´; 103 iv 18. Uncertain (d[...]): 82 i 4, iii 20´, v 14´; 116 8.

Gate, Palace, Temple, and Wall Names Eanna (more accurately Eana): 125 i 18, 32, 34, ii 37; 126 9; 127 3, 13; 128 10. Egalgabarinutukua: 2 473; 7 159. Eulul: 84 6´. Eursaggalkurkurra (more accurately Eursaggalkurkura): 2 469, 489; 7 156, 175; 65 1, 2, 316; 67 3; 69 5; 70 5; 74 i 26; 84 3´, 9´; 89 obv. 11; 111 12. Esagil: 1 375; 2 357; 16 5; 123 3; 123 8. Eaula: 2008 3. Earra (more accurately Eara): 16 5; 89 rev. 37. Ezida: 1 375; 2 357; 123 9. “The God Adad Is the One Who Establishes My Prosperity”: 8 42; 9 83. “The God Adad Is the One Who Maintains Its Prosperity”: 43 67. “The God Anu Is the One Who Makes My Undertakings Successful”: 8 45; 9 86; 43 69. “The God Aur Is the One Who Prolongs the Reign of Its Royal Builder (and) Protects His Troops”: 8 47; 9 90; 43 71.

“The God Ea Is the One Who Keeps Its Spring(s) in Good Order”: 8 46; 9 88; 43 70. “The God Enlil Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation Of My City”: 8 43; 9 84; 43 68. “The God Ninurta Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of His City for (All) Days to Come”: 8 48; 9 91. “The God Ninurta Is the One Who Establishes the Foundation of the Wall for (All) Days to Come”: 43 71. “The God ama Is the One Who Makes Me Triumph”: 8 42; 9 83; 43 67. “The Goddess Blet-Il Is the One Who Increases Its (Animals’) Offspring”: 8 46; 9 89; 43 70. “The Goddess Itar Is the One Who Makes Its People Flourish”: 8 45; 9 87; 43 69. “The Goddess Mullissu Is the One Who Restores Abundance”: 8 44; 9 85; 43 68. Imgur-Enlil: 123 10, 17; 124 12. Nmet-Enlil: 123 18; 124 13.

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Concordance 1: RINAP 2 Text 1 (Annals Room II) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 2: RINAP 2 Text 2 (Annals Room V) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 3: RINAP 2 Text 3 (Annals Room XIII) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 4: RINAP 2 Text 4 (Annals Room XIV) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 5: RINAP 2 Text 5 (Annals Throne Room) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 6: RINAP 2 Text 6 (Annals Unknown Room) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers Concordance 7: Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Text Nos. 1–6 Line Numbers Concordance 8: Lie, Sar. Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Texts 1–7 Line Numbers Concordance 9: Winckler, Sar. Annals Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Text Nos. 1–6 Line Numbers Concordance 1: RINAP 2 Text 1 (Annals Room II) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers [Note: Since Fuchs in Khorsabad marks out where a line of text ends, even if not preserved, the line equivalents are more precise for his column. Generally for Winckler the line equivalents only match what is actually preserved in the version in room II.] RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27–39 not preserved 40–52 not preserved 53 54 55

79 top line —/12; II,2:1 79 top line 1; II,2:2 79 top line —/13; II,2:3 79 top line 2; II,2:4 79 top line 3; II,2:5 79 top line 4; II,2:6 79 top line 5; II,2:7 79 top line 6; II,2:8 79 top line 7; II,2:9 79 top line 8; II,2:10 79 top line 9; II,2:11 79 top line 10; II,2:12 79 top line 11; II,2:13 70 II,3:1 70 II,3:2 70 II,3:3 70 II,3:4 70 II,3:5 70 II,3:6 70 II,3:7 70 II,3:8 70 II,3:9 70 II,3:10 70 II,3:11 70 II,3:12 70 II,3:13 — II,4:1–13 — II,5:1–13 71 II,6:1 71 II,6:2 71 II,6:3

—/12 1 —/13 2 2–3 4 5 6 7 8–9 9–10 10 11 14 15 16–17 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 — — 27 28 29

—/12 1 —/13 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 — — 53 54 55

539

540

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121

71 II,6:4 71 II,6:5 71 II,6:6 71 II,6:7 71 II,6:8 71 II,6:9 71 II,6:10 71 II,6:11 71 II,6:12 71 II,6:13 72 II,7:1 72 II,7:2 72 II,7:3 72 II,7:4 72 II,7:5 72 II,7:6 72 II,7:7 72 II,7:8 72 II,7:9 72 II,7:10 72 II,7:11 72 II,7:12 72 II,7:13 73 II,8:1 73 II,8:2 73 II,8:3 73 II,8:4 73 II,8:5 73 II,8:6 73 II,8:7 73 II,8:8 73 II,8:9 73 II,8:10 73 II,8:11 73 II,8:12 73 II,8:13 74 II,9:1 74 II,9:2 74 II,9:3 74 II,9:4 74 II,9:5 74 II,9:6 74 II,9:7 74 II,9:8 74 II,9:9 74 II,9:10 74 II,9:11 74 II,9:12 74 II,9:13 74bis II,10:1 74bis II,10:2 74bis II,10:3 74bis II,10:4 74bis II,10:5 74bis II,10:6 74bis II,10:7 74bis II,10:8 74bis II,10:9 74bis II,10:10 74bis II,10:11 74bis II,10:12 74bis II,10:13 75 II,11:1 75 II,11:2 75 II,11:3 75 II,11:4

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121

541

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187

75 II,11:5 75 II,11:6 75 II,11:7 75 II,11:8 75 II,11:9 75 II,11:10 75 II,11:11 75 II,11:12 75 II,11:13 76 II,12:1 76 II,12:2 76 II,12:3 76 II,12:4 76 II,12:5 76 II,12:6 76 II,12:7 76 II,12:8 76 II,12:9 76 II,12:10 76 II,12:11 76 II,12:12 76 II,12:13 77 II,13:1 77 II,13:2 77 II,13:3 77 II,13:4 77 II,13:5 77 II,13:6 77 II,13:7 77 II,13:8 77 II,13:9 77 II,13:10 77 II,13:11 77 II,13:12 77 II,13:13 78 II,14:1 78 II,14:2 78 II,14:3 78 II,14:4 78 II,14:5 78 II,14:6 78 II,14:7 78 II,14:8 78 II,14:9 78 II,14:10 78 II,14:11 78 II,14:12 78 II,14:13 79 bottom II,14:1 79 bottom II,14:2 79 bottom II,14:3 79 bottom II,14:4 79 bottom II,14:5 79 bottom II,14:6 79 bottom II,14:7 79 bottom II,14:8 79 bottom II,14:9 79 bottom II,14:10 79 bottom II,14:11 79 bottom II,14:12 79 bottom II,14:13 80 II,16:1 80 II,16:2 80 II,16:3 80 II,16:4 80 II,16:5

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 (144) (145) (146) (147) (148) (149) (150) (151) (152) (153) (154) (155) (156) 157 158 159 160 161

122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 (173) (174) (175) (176) 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187

542

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 3–4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235–247 not preserved 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265

80 II,16:6 80 II,16:7 80 II,16:8 80 II,16:9 80 II,16:10 80 II,16:11 80 II,16:12 80 II,16:13 81 II,17:1 81 II,17:2 81 II,17:3 81 II,17:4 81 II,17:5 81 II,17:6 81 II,17:7 81 II,17:8 81 II,17:9 81 II,17:10 81 II,17:11 81 II,17:12 81 II,17:13 82 II,18:1 82 II,18:2 82 II,18:3 82 II,18:4 82 II,18:5 82 II,18:6 82 II,18:7 82 II,18:8 82 II,18:9 82 II,18:10 82 II,18:11 82 II,18:12 82 II,18:13 83 II,19:1 83 II,19:2 83 II,19:3 83 II,19:4 83 II,19:5 83 II,19:6 83 II,19:7 83 II,19:8 83 II,19:9 83 II,19:10 83 II,19:11 83 II,19:12 83 II,19:13 – II,20:1–13 84 II,21:1 84 II,21:2 84 II,21:3 84 II,21:4 84 II,21:5 84 II,21:6 84 II,21:7 84 II,21:8 84 II,21:9 84 II,21:10 84 II,21:11 84 II,21:12 84 II,21:13 65 H1:1 65 H1:2 65 H1:3 65 H1:4 65 H1:5

162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172–173 173 174–175 175–176 176 177 178–179 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 — 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 227–228 228 229–230 230–231

188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 — 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257

543

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 3–4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300–312 not preserved 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343

65 H1:6 65 H1:7 65 H1:8 65 H1:9 65 H1:10 65 H1:11 65 H1:12 65 H1:13 65bis H2:1 65bis H2:2 65bis H2:3 65bis H2:4 65bis H2:5 65bis H2:6 65bis H2:7 65bis H2:8 65bis H2:9 65bis H2:10 65bis H2:11 65bis H2:12 65bis H2:13 85 II,22:1 85 II,22:2 85 II,22:3 85 II,22:4 85 II,22:5 85 II,22:6 85 II,22:7 85 II,22:8 85 II,22:9 85 II,22:10 85 II,22:11 85 II,22:12 85 II,22:13 — II,23:1-13 92 top II,24:1 92 top II,24:2 92 top II,24:3 92 top II,24:4 92 top II,24:5 92 top II,24:6 92 top II,24:7 92 top II,24:8 92 top II,24:9 92 top II,24:10 92 top II,24:11 92 top II,24:12 92 top II,24:13 86 II,25:1 86 II,25:2 86 II,25:3 86 II,25:4 86 II,25:5 86 II,25:6 86 II,25:7 86 II,25:8 86 II,25:9 86 II,25:10 86 II,25:11 86 II,25:12 86 II,25:13 92 bottom line 4 (‘II,26:4’); II,26:1 92 bottom line 5 (‘II,26:5’); II,26:2 92 bottom line ?; II,26:3 92 bottom line ?; II,26:4 92 bottom line ?; II,26:5

231, 233–234 235–236 236–238 238–239 240–241 241–243 243–244 245–246 246–247; p. 40 n. 4 p. 40 n. 4; 248 249 249–250 250–251 251–252 253 256 256; p. 42 n. 9 258; p. 42 n. 9 258–259; p. 42 n. 9 260–261; p. 44 n.1 p. 44 n. 1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 266 266 266 266–267 267 267–268 268 268–269 269 269 p. 44 n. 3 p. 44 n. 3 p. 44 n. 3 p. 44 n. 3 p. 44 n. 3; p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1 p. 46 n. 1; 273 273 274 274 — — —

258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277–279 279, 279a 279b 279c 279d 279e 279f 279g 279h 279i 279j 279k 279l 279m 279n — — — — — 283 283 283 283–284 284 284–285 285 285–286 286 286 286a 286b 286c 288 288, 288a 288b 288c, 288–289 289 289 290 290 290 291 291 — — —

544

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352

92 bottom line ?; II,26:6 92 bottom line ?; II,26:7 92 bottom line ?; II,26:8 92 bottom line ?; II,26:9 92 bottom line ?; II,26:10 92 bottom line ?; II,26:11 92 bottom line 2 (‘II,26:2’); II,26:12 92 bottom line 3 (‘II,26:3’); II,26:13 92 bottom lines 8b, 9a (‘II,26:8b, 9a’); II,27:1 92 bottom lines 9b, 10a (‘II,26:9b, 10a’); II,27:2 92 bottom lines 10b, 11a (‘II,26:10b, 11a’); II,27:3 92 bottom lines 11b, 12a (‘II,26:11a, 12b’); II,27:4 92 bottom line ?; II,27:5 92 bottom line ?; II,27:6 92 bottom line ?; II,27:7 92 bottom line ?; II,27:8 92 bottom line ?; II,27:9 92 bottom line ?; II,27:10 92 bottom line ?; II,27:11 92 bottom line ?; II,27:12 92 bottom line ?; II,27:13 87 II,28:1 87 II,28:2 87 II,28:3 87 II,28:4 87 II,28:5 87 II,28:6 87 II,28:7 87 II,28:8 87 II,28:9 87 II,28:10 87 II,28:11 87 II,28:12 87 II,28:13 88 II,29:1 88 II,29:2 88 II,29:3 88 II,29:4 88 II,29:5 88 II,29:6 88 II,29:7 88 II,29:8 88 II,29:9 88 II,29:10 88 II,29:11 88 II,29:12 88 II,29:13 — II,30:1–13 89 II,31:1 89 II,31:2 89 II,31:3 89 II,31:4 89 II,31:5 89 II,31:6 89 II,31:7 89 II,31:8 89 II,31:9 89 II,31:10 89 II,31:11 89 II,31:12 89 II,31:13 — II,32:1–13

— — — — — — 280 280 281

— — — — — — 297 297 298

282

299

283

300

283–284

301

— — — — — — — — — 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303–304 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 — — 319–321 321–323 323–325 325–327 327–329 329–331 331–333 333–335 336–337 338 339 340 — —

— — — — — — — — — 307 307, 307a 307b, 308 309 309–310 310–311 311 312 312–313 313–314 314 314–315 315–316 316–317 317–318 318 318–319 319 319–320 320 321 321, 321a 321b 321c 321d 321e — 331–333 333–335 335–337 337–339 339–341 342–343 343–345 345–347 347–349 349–350 350–351 351 351 n. 3 —

353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391–403 not preserved 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417–429 not preserved

545

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 1 (Annals Room II) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

430–442 not preserved 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469–481 not preserved

— II,33:1–13 90 II,34:1 90 II,34:2 90 II,34:3 90 II,34:4 90 II,34:5 90 II,34:6 90 II,34:7 90 II,34:8 90 II,34:9 90 II,34:10 90 II,34:11 90 II,34:12 90 II,34:13 91 II,35:1a 91 II,35:2a, 1b 91 II,35:3a, 2b 91 II,35:4a, 3b 91 II,35:5a, 4b 91 II,35:6a, 5b 91 II,35:7a, 6b 91 II,35:8a, 7b 91 II,35:9a, 8b 91 II,35:10a, 9b 91 II,35:11a, 10b 91 II,35:12a, 11b 91 II,35:13 — II,1:1–13

— 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 383 383–384 384 384–385 385 386 386 387 387–388 388 388–389 389 —

— 384 384–385 386, 386a 386b 386c, 386–387 387 387a 387b 388–389 389–390 390–391, 391a 391a, 391–392 392 392–393 393 393–394 394 394–395 395 395, 395a 395a 397 397–398 398 398–399 399 —

Concordance 2: RINAP 2 Text 2 (Annals Room V) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers [Note: Since Fuchs in Khorsabad marks out where a line of text ends, even if not preserved, the line equivalents are more precise for his column. Generally for Winckler the line equivalents only match what is actually preserved in the version in room V.] RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1–17 not preserved 18–34 not preserved 35–51 not preserved 52–68 not preserved 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88

— V,25:1–17 — V,24:1–17 — V,23:1–17 — V,‘22A’:17 118 top V,22:1 (Botta V,16) 118 top V,22:2 118 top V,22:3 118 top V,22:4 118 top V,22:5 118 top V,22:6 118 top V,22:7 118 top V,22:8 118 top V,22:9 118 top V,22:10 118 top V,22:11 118 top V,22:12 118 top V,22:13 118 top V,22:14 118 top V,22:15 118 top V,22:16 118 top V,22:17 119 V,21:1 (Botta V,17) 119 V,21:2 119 V,21:3

— — — — 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 — — — — — — — — — 68 68–69 69–70

— — — — 77 78 79 80 81–82 82–83 83, 83a–b 83b, 84 85; see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1 see p. 98 line 85 n. 1; 94 94, 94a 94a, 95 95–96

546

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103–119 not preserved 120–136 not preserved 137–153 not preserved 154–170 not preserved 171–187 not preserved 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234

119 V,21:4 119 V,21:5 119 V,21:6 119 V,21:7 119 V,21:8 119 V,21:9 119 V,21:10 119 V,21:11 119 V,21:12 119 V,21:13 119 V,21:14 119 V,21:15 119 V,21:16 119 V,21:17 — V,20:1–17 — V,19B:1–17 — V,19A:1–17 — V,19:1–17 — V,18:1–17 120 V,17:1a, 2b (Botta V,18) 120 V,17:2a, 3b 120 V,17:3a, 4b 120 V,17:4a, 5b 120 V,17:5a, 6b 120 V,17:6a, 7b 120 V,17:7a, 8b 120 V,17:8a, 9b 120 V,17:9a, 10b 120 V,17:10a, 11b 120 V,17:11a, 12b 120 V,17:12a, 13b 120 V,17:13a, 14b 120 V,17:14a, 15b 120 V,17:15a, 16b 120 V,17:16a, 17b 120 V,17:17a 116 bottom V,16:1 (Botta V,14) 116 bottom V,16:2 116 bottom V,16:3 116 bottom V,16:4 116 bottom V,16:5 116 bottom V,16:6 116 bottom V,16:7 116 bottom V,16:8 116 bottom V,16:9 116 bottom V,16:10 116 bottom V,16:11 116 bottom V,16:12 116 bottom V,16:13 116 bottom V,16:14 116 bottom V,16:15 116 bottom V,16:16 116 bottom V,16:17 117 V,15:1 117 V,15:2 117 V,15:3 117 V,15:4 117 V,15:5 117 V,15:6 117 V,15:7 117 V,15:8 117 V,15:9 117 V,15:10 117 V,15:11 117 V,15:12 117 V,15:13

70–71 71–72 72 73 73–74 74 74–75 75–76 76–77 77–78 78 79 80 — — — — — — — (135), 136 136 137 137–138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 141–142 142 142–143 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 157 157–158 158–159 159–160 161–162 162–163 163–164 164–166 166–167 167–168 (168–169) 170 170–171 172–173 173–174 174–175 175–176 176–177

96, 96a 96a, 97–98 98 99, 99a 99a, 100 100 100–101 101–102 102–103 103–104 104 105–106 106–107 107 — — — — — 161 161–162 162 163 163–164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 167–168 168 168, 168a 168b 168c 168c/d, 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182–183 183–184 184–185 — — 189 189–190 190–192 192–193 193–194 194–195 195–196 196–197 198 199–200 200–201 201–202 202–203

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

547

RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

235 236 237 238 239–255 not preserved 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316

117 V,15:14 117 V,15:15 117 V,15:16 117 V,15:17 — V,14:1–17 115 bottom V,13:1 115 bottom V,13:2 115 bottom V,13:3 115 bottom V,13:4 115 bottom V,13:5 115 bottom V,13:6 115 bottom V,13:7 115 bottom V,13:8 115 bottom V,13:9 115 bottom V,13:10 115 bottom V,13:11 115 bottom V,13:12 115 bottom V,13:13 115 bottom V,13:14 115 bottom V,13:15 115 bottom V,13:16 115 bottom V,13:17 115 top V,12:1 115 top V,12:2 115 top V,12:3 115 top V,12:4 115 top V,12:5 115 top V,12:6 115 top V,12:7 —; V,12:8 —; V,12:9 115 top line 8 (‘V,12:8’); V,12:10 115 top line 9 (‘V,12:9’); V,12:11 115 top line 10 (‘V,12:10’); V,12:12 115 top line 11 (‘V,12:11’); V,12:13 115 top line 12 (‘V,12:12’); V,12:14 115 top line 13 (‘V,12:13’); V,12:15 115 top line 14 (‘V,12:14’); V,12:16 115 top line 15 (‘V,12:15’); V,12:17 114 V,11:1 114 V,11:2 114 V,11:3 114 V,11:4 114 V,11:5 114 V,11:6 114 V,11:7 114 V,11:8 114 V,11:9 114 V,11:10 114 V,11:11 114 V,11:12 114 V,11:13 114 V,11:14 114 V,11:15 114 V,11:16 114 V,11:17 113 V,10:1 113 V,10:2 113 V,10:3 113 V,10:4 113 V,10:5 113 V,10:6 113 V,10:7 113 V,10:8 113 V,10:9 113 V,10:10

177–178 178–179 179–180 180 — 192–193 193–194 194–195 195–196 196–197 198–199 200–201 202–203 203–204 205–206 206–207 (208), 209 210 211 212 212–213 213–214 214–215 215–216 216–217 217–218 218–219 220 220?–221? 221–222 223 224 225 226 227 227 227–228 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256

203–204 204–205 205–206 206 — 218–219 219–220 220, 220a 220a, 222 222–223 223–225 226–227 227–229 229–230 231–232 232–233 234–235 235–236 236–237 237–238 238–239 239–240 240–241 241–242 242–243 243–244 244–245 246 246–247 247–248 248–249 249–250 250–251 252–253 253 253–254 254–255 255, 255a–b 255b, 256 256–257 257–258 258 258 258 259 259–260 260 260–261 261 262 262–263 263 263–264 264 265 265–266 266, 266a 266b, 267 268–269 269–270 270–271 271a, 271 272 272a 272b 272c

548

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 3–4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382

113 V,10:11 113 V,10:12 113 V,10:13 113 V,10:14 113 V,10:15 113 V,10:16 113 V,10:17 66 top O1:1 66 top O1:2 66 top O1:3 66 top O1:4 66 top O1:5 66 top O1:6 66 top O1:7 66 top O1:8 66 top O1:9 66 top O1:10 66 top O1:11 66 top O1:12 66 top O1:13 66 top O1:14 66 top O1:15 66 top O1:16 66 top O1:17 66 bottom O2:1 66 bottom O2:2 66 bottom O2:3 66 bottom O2:4 66 bottom O2:5 66 bottom O2:6 66 bottom O2:7 66 bottom O2:8 66 bottom O2:9 66 bottom O2:10 66 bottom O2:11 66 bottom O2:12 66 bottom O2:13 66 bottom O2:14 66 bottom O2:15 66 bottom O2:16 66 bottom O2:17 112 V,9:1 112 V,9:2 112 V,9:3 112 V,9:4 112 V,9:5 112 V,9:6 112 V,9:7 112 V,9:8 112 V,9:9 112 V,9:10 112 V,9:11 112 V,9:12 112 V,9:13 112 V,9:14 112 V,9:15 112 V,9:16 112 V,9:17 111 V,8:1 111 V,8:2 111 V,8:3 111 V,8:4 111 V,8:5 111 V,8:6 111 V,8:7 111 V,8:8

257 258 259 260–261 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290–291 291–292 293–294 294–295 295–296 297–298 298–299 299–300 301–302 302–303 303–304 304–306 306–308 308–309 310–311 — — — 313–314, 311 312 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327

272d 272e, 275, 276 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

549

RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448

111 V,8:9 111 V,8:10 111 V,8:11 111 V,8:12 111 V,8:13 111 V,8:14 111 V,8:15 111 V,8:16 111 V,8:17 110 V,7:1; 116 top line 1 110 V,7:2; 116 top line 2 110 V,7:3; 116 top line 3 110 V,7:4: 116 top line 4 110 V,7:5; 116 top line 5 110 V,7:6; 116 top line 6 110 V,7:7; 116 top line 7 110 V,7:8; 116 top line 8 110 V,7:9; 116 top line 9 110 V,7:10; 116 top line 10 110 V,7:11; 116 top line 11 110 V,7:12; 116 top line 12 110 V,7:13; 116 top line 13 110 V,7:14; 116 top line 14 110 V,7:15; 116 top line 15 110 V,7:16; 116 top line 16 110 V,7:17; 116 top line 17 109 V,6:1 109 V,6:2 109 V,6:3 109 V,6:4 109 V,6:5 109 V,6:6 109 V,6:7 109 V,6:8 109 V,6:9 109 V,6:10 109 V,6:11 109 V,6:12 109 V,6:13 109 V,6:14 109 V,6:15 109 V,6:16 109 V,6:17 108 V,5:1 108 V,5:2 108 V,5:3 108 V,5:4 108 V,5:5 108 V,5:6 108 V,5:7 108 V,5:8 108 V,5:9 108 V,5:10 108 V,5:11 108 V,5:12 108 V,5:13 108 V,5:14 108 V,5:15 108 V,5:16 108 V,5:17 107 V,4:1 107 V,4:2 107 V,4:3 107 V,4:4 107 V,4:5 107 V,4:6

328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335–336 336–337 337–338 338–339 339–340 340–341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 — — — — — — — — — — — 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370–371 371–372 372–373 374–375 377–378; p. 62 n. 4 378–379; p. 62 n. 5 379–380 380–`381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395–396

340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349–350 350–351 351 352 353 353–354 355 356–357 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405

550

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

RINAP 2 text 2 (Annals Room V) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510

107 V,4:7 107 V,4:8 107 V,4:9 107 V,4:10 107 V,4:11 107 V,4:12 107 V,4:13 107 V,4:14 107 V,4:15 107 V,4:16 107 V,4:17 106 V,3:1 106 V,3:2 106 V,3:3 106 V,3:4 106 V,3:5 106 V,3:6 106 V,3:7 106 V,3:8 106 V,3:9 106 V,3:10 106 V,3:11 106 V,3:12 106 V,3:13 106 V,3:14 106 V,3:15 106 V,3:16 106 V,3:17 105 V,2:1 105 V,2:2 105 V,2:3 105 V,2:4 105 V,2:5 105 V,2:6 105 V,2:7 105 V,2:8 105 V,2:9 105 V,2:10 105 V,2:11 105 V,2:12 105 V,2:13 105 V,2:14 105 V,2:15 105 V,2:16 105 V,2:17 118 bottom V,1:1 118 bottom V,1:2 118 bottom V,1:3 118 bottom V,1:4 118 bottom V,1:5 118 bottom V,1:6 118 bottom V,1:7 118 bottom V,1:8 118 bottom V,1:9 118 bottom V,1:10 118 bottom V,1:11 118 bottom V,1:12 118 bottom V,1:13 118 bottom V,1:14 118 bottom V,1:15 118 bottom V,1:16 118 bottom V,1:17

396 397 398–399 399 400–401 401 402 403–404 404 405 406 407–408 408 409 410 411 411–412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421–422 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440–441 441–442 442–443 443–444 445–446 446–447 448–449 449–450 450–451 451–452 452?–453? 453–454 454–455 455–456 456–457 457–458 458–459 459–460

406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417–418 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

551

Concordances 3–6: RINAP 2 Texts 3–6 (Annals Room XIII, Room XIV, Throne Room and Unknown Room) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers [Note: Since Winckler may be using a different version of the annals (generally the one from room II or room V) as the master for a line, the line equivalents given here do not at times give the same basic text as the version in the room under consideration.]

Concordance 3: RINAP 2 Text 3 (Annals Room XIII) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers RINAP 2 text 3 (Annals Room XIII) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1´ 2´ 3´ 4´ 5´ 6´ 7´ 8´ 9´ 10´ 11´ 12´ 13´ 14´ 15´ 16´–30´ not preserved 31´ 32´ 33´ 34´ 35´ 36´ 37´ 38´ 39´ 40´ 41´ 42´ 43´ 44´ 45´ 46´ 47´ 48´ 49´ 50´ 51´ 52´ 53´ 54´ 55´ 56´ 57´ 58´ 59´ 60´

155 XIII,4:1 155 XIII,4:2 155 XIII,4:3 155 XIII,4:4 155 XIII,4:5 155 XIII,4:6 155 XIII,4:7 155 XIII,4:8 155 XIII,4:9 155 XIII,4:10 155 XIII,4:11 155 XIII,4:12 155 XIII,4:13 155 XIII,4:14 155 XIII,4:15 — XIII,5:1–15 156 XIII,6:1 156 XIII,6:2 156 XIII,6:3 156 XIII,6:4 156 XIII,6:5 156 XIII,6:6 156 XIII,6:7 156 XIII,6:8 156 XIII,6:9 156 XIII,6:10 156 XIII,6:11 156 XIII,6:12 156 XIII,6:13 156 XIII,6:14 156 XIII,6:15 157 XIII,7:1 157 XIII,7:2 157 XIII,7:3 157 XIII,7:4 157 XIII,7:5 157 XIII,7:6 157 XIII,7:7 157 XIII,7:8 157 XIII,7:9 157 XIII,7:10 157 XIII,7:11 157 XIII,7:12 157 XIII,7:13 157 XIII,7:14 157 XIII,7:15

209 210 211 212 213 214–216 216–218 218–220 220–222 223–225 225–227 227 228 229–230 230–232 — — 250–251 251–253 253–254 254–256 256–257 257–258 258–260 260–261 261–263 263–264 264–265 265–266 266–267 267–268 268 269 269–270 270 271 271–272 272 273 273–274 274–275 275 275–276 276–277 277–278 278

235 236 237 238 239 240–242 242–244 244–246 246–248 249–251 251–253 253–254 254–255, 255a 255b, 256–257 257–258 — 269 n. 1 269–271 271, 271a, 271–272 272, 272a 272a–c 272c–d 272d–e, 275 276–277 277–278 278–280 280–281 281–282 282–283 283–284 284–285 285 286 286–287 287 288 288–289 289 290 290–291 291–292 292 292–293 293–294 294–295 295

552

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Concordance 4: RINAP 2 Text 4 (Annals Room XIV) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers RINAP 2 text 4 (Annals Room XIV) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1´ 2´ 3´ 4´ 5´ 6´ 7´ 8´ 9´ 10´ 11´ 12´ 13´ 14´ 15´ 16´ 17´ 18´ 19´ 20´ 21´ 22´ 23´ 24´ 25´ 26´ 27´ 28´ 29´ 30´ 31´ 32´ 33´ 34´ 35´ 36´ 37´ 38´ 39´ 40´ 41´ 42´ 43´ 44´ 45´

158 XIV,1:1 158 XIV,1:2 158 XIV,1:3 158 XIV,1:4 158 XIV,1:5 158 XIV,1:6 158 XIV,1:7 158 XIV,1:8 158 XIV,1:9 158 XIV,1:10 158 XIV,1:11 158 XIV,1:12 158 XIV,1:13 158 XIV,1:14 158 XIV,1:15 159 top XIV,2:1 159 top XIV,2:2 159 top XIV,2:3 159 top XIV,2:4 159 top XIV,2:5 159 top XIV,2:6 159 top XIV,2:7 159 top XIV,2:8 159 top XIV,2:9 159 top XIV,2:10 159 top XIV,2:11 159 top XIV,2:12 159 top XIV,2:13 159 top XIV,2:14 159 top XIV,2:15 162 XIV,10:1 162 XIV,10:2 162 XIV,10:3 162 XIV,10:4 162 XIV,10:5 162 XIV,10:6 162 XIV,10:7 162 XIV,10:8 162 XIV,10:9 162 XIV,10:10 162 XIV,10:11 162 XIV,10:12 162 XIV,10:13 162 XIV,10:14 162 XIV,10:15

37–38 38–39 40 40–41 41 41–42 42 42–43 43, p. 10 n. 1 p. 10 n. 1 44–45 45 46 46, p. 10 n. 5 47, p. 10 n. 6 48 48–49 49–50 50–52 52–53 53 53–54 54–55 55–56 56–57 57 57–58 58–59 59, p. 12 n. 9 p. 12 n. 9 — 60 61 62 63 64 65–66 66–67 67–68 68–69 69 70 71 71–72 72–73

63–64 64–65 66 66–67 67 67–68 68 68–69 69, 69a 69b, 70 70–71 71 72 72, 72a 72b 72c, 74 74–75 75–76 76–78 78–79 79 79–80 80–81 81–82 82–83 83, 83a 83b, 84 84–85 85 85a 85b 85c, 86–87 87 88–89 89–90 90–91 91–92 92–93 93–94 94, 94a 95 96 96a, 97 97–98 98–99

Concordance 5: RINAP 2 Text 5 (Annals Throne Room) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers RINAP 2 text 5 (Annals Throne Room) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1´ 2´ 3´

— — —

— 315 315–316

— 326–327 327–328

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

553

Concordance 6: RINAP 2 Text 6 (Annals Unknown Room) Line Numbers to Botta, Winckler and Fuchs Line Numbers RINAP 2 text 6 (Annals Unknown Room) line nos.

Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 plate, slab, and line nos.

Winckler, Sar. line no.

Fuchs, Khorsabad line no.

1´ 2´ 3´ 4´ 5´ 6´ 7´ 8´ 9´ 10´ 11´ 12´ 13´ 14´

163 ?,?:1 163 ?,?:2 163 ?,?:3 163 ?,?:4 163 ?,?:5 163 ?,?:6 163 ?,?:7 163 ?,?:8 163 ?,?:9 163 ?,?:10 163 ?,?:11 163 ?,?:12 163 ?,?:13 163 ?,?:14

329–332 332–335 336–338 338–339 339–340 340–341 342 343–344 344–346 347 348 — — —

342–344 344–347 347–349 350 351 352 353 354–355 355–357 357–358 358–359, 359a 359a 359b 359c

Concordance 7: Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Text Nos. 1–6 Line Numbers [Note: Fuchs’ line numbers are given in numerical order, even though in his volume this is not always the case for the ordering for additional/supplementary lines. E.g., here lines 83a and 83b follow lines 83, while in his book they are placed in between two lines 84 (pp. 97–98), and here line 220a follows 220, while in his book it is placed after line 221 (p. 128).] Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27–52 not preserved 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

1:2 1:4 1:5 1:6 1:7 1:8 1:9 1:10 1:11 1:12 1:13 1:1? 1:3? 1:14 1:15 1:16 1:17 1:18 1:19 1:20 1:21 1:22 1:23 1:24 1:25 1:26 27–52 not preserved 1:53 1:54 1:55 1:56 1:57 1:58 1:59 1:60

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 69a 69b 70 71 72 72a 72b 72c 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 83a 83b 84 85 85a 85b 85c

1:61 1:62 1:63, 4:1´ 1:64, 4:1´–2´ 1:65, 4:2´ 1:66, 4:3´–4´ 1:67, 4:4´–6´ 1:68, 4:6´–8´ 1:69, 4:8´–9´ 4:9´ 4:10´ 1:70, 4:10´–11´ 1:71, 4:11´–12´ 1:72, 4:13´–14´ 4:14´ 4:15´ 4:16´ 1:73 1:74, 4:16´–17´ 1:75, 4:17´–18´ 1:76, 4:18´–19´ 1:77, 2:69, 4:19´ 1:78, 2:70, 4:19´–20´ 1:79, 2:71, 4:20´–22´ 1:80, 2:72, 4:22´–23´ 1:81, 2:73, 4:23´–24´ 1:82, 2:73–74, 4:24´–25´ 1:83, 2:74–75, 4:25´–26´ 2:75, 4:26´ 2:75–76, 4:27´ 1:84, 2:76, 4:27´–28´ 1:85, 2:77(+), 4:28´–29´ 4:30´ 4:31´ 4:32´

554

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 94a 95 96 96a 97 98 99 99a 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148

1:86, 4:32´ 1:87, 4:32´–33´ 1:88, 4:34´ 1:89, 4:34´–35´ 1:90, 4:35´–36´ 1:91, 4:36´–37´ 1:92, 4:37´–38´ 1:93, 4:38´–39´ 1:94, 2:85–86, 4:39´–40´ 2:86–87, 4:40´ 1:95, 2:87–88, 4:41´ 1:96, 2:88–89, 4:42´ 2:89–90, 4:43´ 1:97, 2:90, 4:43´–44´ 1:98, 2:90–91, 4:44´–45´ 1:99, 2:92, 4:45´ 2:92–93 1:100, 2:93–95 1:101, 2:95–96 1:102, 2:96–97 1:103, 2:97–98 1:104, 2:98–99 1:105, 2:100 1:106, 2:100–101 1:107, 2:101–102 1:108 1:109 1:110 1:111 1:112 1:113 1:114 1:115 1:116 1:117 1:118 1:119 1:120 1:121 1:122 1:123 1:124 1:125 1:126 1:127 1:128 1:129 1:130 1:131 1:132 1:133 1:134 1:135 1:136 1:137 1:138 1:139 1:140 1:141 1:142 1:143 1:144 1:145 1:146 1:147 1:148

149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 168a 168b 168c 168c/d 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210

1:149 1:150 1:151 1:152 1:153 1:154 1:155 1:156 1:157 1:158 1:159 1:160 1:161, 2:188–189 1:162, 2:189–190 1:163, 2:191–192 1:164, 2:192–193 1:165, 2:194–195 1:166, 2:196–197 1:167, 2:198–200 1:168, 2:200–202 2:202 2:203 2:204 2:205 1:169 1:170, 2:205 1:171, 2:206 1:172, 2:207 1:173, 2:208 1:174, 2:209 1:175, 2:210 1:176, 2:211 1:177, 2:212 1:178, 2:213 1:179, 2:214 1:180, 2:215 1:181, 2:216 1:182, 2:217 1:183, 2:217–218 1:184, 2:218–219 1:185, 2:219 1:186, (2:220) 1:187, (2:221) 1:188, 2:221–222 1:189, 2:222–223 1:190, 2:223–224 1:191, 2:224 1:192, 2:224–225 1:193, 2:225–226 1:194, 2:226–227 1:195, 2:227–228 1:196, 2:228–229 1:197, 2:229 1:198, 2:230 1:199, 2:231 1:200, 2:231–232 1:201, 2:232–233 1:202, 2:233–234 1:203, 2:234–235 1:204, 2:235–236 1:205, 2:236–237 1:206, 2:237–238 1:207 1:208 1:209 1:210

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

555

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 220a 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 255a 255b 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 266a 266b 267 268 269 270 271

1:211 1:212 1:213 1:214 1:215 1:216 1:217 1:218, 2:256 1:219, 2:256–257 1:220, 2:257–258 2:258–259 1:221 1:222, 2:259–260 1:223, 2:260–261 1:224, 2:261 1:225, 2:261 1:226, 2:262 1:227, 2:262–263 1:228, 2:263 1:229, 2:263–264 1:230, 2:264 1:231, 2:265 1:232, 2:265–266 1:233, 2:266 1:234, 2:267 2:267–268, 3:1´ 2:268–269, 3:2´ 2:269–270, 3:3´ 2:270–271, 3:4´ 2:271–272, 3:5´ 1:248, 2:272–273, 3:6´ 1:249, 2:273–274, 3:6´ 1,250, 2:274–275, 3:6´–7´ 1:251, 2:275–276, 3:7´ 1:252, 2:276–277, 3:7´–8´ 1:253, 2:277, 3:8´ 1:254, 2:278–279, 3:8´–9´ 1:255, 2:279–280, 3:9´ 1:256, 2:280–281, 3:9´ 1;257, 2:281–282, 3:10´ 1:258, 2:282, 3:10´ 1:259, 2:283, 3:10´–11´ 1:260, 2:284, 3:11´ 1:261, 2:285–286, 3:11´–12´ 1:262, 2:286–287, 3:12´–13´ 1:263, 2:287–288, 3:13´ 2:288, 3:13´ 2:288–289, 3:14´ 1:264, 2:289–290, 3:14´ 1:265, 2:290–291, 3:14´–15´ 1:266, 2:291–294, 3:15´ 1:267, 2:295–296 1:268, 2:296–298 1:269, 2:298–299 1:270, 2:300–301 1:271, 2:301–303 1:272, 2:303–304 1:273, 2:305–306 1:274, 2:306–307 2:307 2:308 1:275, 2:308 1:276, 2:309 1:277, 2:309–310, 3:31´–32´ 1:278, 2:310–311, 3:32´ 1:279, 2:311–312, 3:32´–33´

271a 272 272a 272b 272c 272d 272e 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 279a 279b 279c 279d 279e 279f 279g 279h 279i 279j 279k 279l 279m 279n 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 286a 286b 286c 287 288 288a 288b 288c 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 307a 307b 308 309

2:312, 3:33´ 1:280, 2:313, 3:33´–34´ 2:314, 3:34´–35´ 2:315, 3:35´ 2:316, 3:35´–36´ 2:317, 3:36´–37´ 2:318, 3:37´ 1:281 1:282 1:283, 2:318; (3:37´) 1:284, 2:318–319, 3:38´ 1:285, 2:320, 3:38´–39´ 1:285, 2:321, 3:39´–40´ 1:285–286, 2:322, 3:40´ 1:286 1:287 1:288 1:289 1:290 1:291 1:292 1:293 1:294 1:295 1:296 1:297 1:298 1:299 2:323, 3:40´–41´ 2:324, 3:41´–42´ 2:325, 3:42´–43´ 1:317–320, 2:326, 3:43´–44´ 1:320–322, 2:327, 3:44´–45´ 1:322–324, 2:328, 3:45´–46´ 1:324–326, 2:329, 3:47´–48´ 1:327 1:328 1:329 2:330, 3:48´–49´ 1:330–331 and 333, 2:331, 3:50´–51´ 1:331 1:332 1:333 1:333–335, 2:332, 3:51´–52´ 1:336–338, 2:333, 3:53´–54´ 1:339–340, 2:334, 3:54´–55´ 2:335, 3:55´–57´ 2:336, 3:57´–58´ 2:337, 3:58´–59´ 2:338, 3:59´–60´ 2:339 1:350–351, 2:340 1:352, 2:341 1:353, 2:342 1:354, 2:343 1:355, 2:344 2:345 2:346 2:347 2:348 2:349 1:365–366, 2:350 1:366 1:367 1:367, 2:351 1:368–369, 2:352

556

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 321a 321b 321c 321d 321e 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 359a 359b 359c 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367

1:369–370, 2:353 1:370–371, 2:354 1:372–373, 2:355 1:373–374, 2:356 1:374–376, 2:357 1:376–377, 2:358 1:377–378, 2:359 1:378–379, 2:360 1:379–381, 2:361 1:381–383, 2:362 1:383–384, 2:363 1:385–386, 2:364 1:386 1:387 1:388 1:389 1:390 2:365 2:366 2:367 2:368 2:369, 5:2´ 2:370, 5:2´–3´ 2:371, 5:3´ 2:372 2:373 1:403–404, 2:374 1:404, 2:375 1:404–405, 2:376 1:405, 2:377 1:405–406, 2:378 1:406, 2:379 1:406–407, 2:380 1:407, 2:381 1:407–408, 2:382 1:408, 2:383 1:408, 2:384 1:409, 2:385, 6:1´ 1:409–410, 2:386, 6:1´ 1:410, 2:387, 6:1´–2´ 1:410–411, 2:388, 6:2´ 1:411, 2:389, 6:2´ 1:411–412, 2:390. 6:2´–3´ 1:412, 2:391, 6:3´ 1:412–413, 2:392, 6:3´ 1:413–414, 2:392–393, 6:4´ 1:414–415, 2:393–394, 6:5´ 1:416?, 2:395, 6:6´ 2:396–397, 6:7´ 2:397, 6:8´ 2:398, 6:8´–9´ 2:399; (6:9´) 2:399–400, 6:9´–10´ 2:401, 6:10´–11´ 2:402, 6:11´ 6:11´–12´ 6:13´ 6:14´ 2:403 2:404 2:405 2:406 2:407 2:408 2:409 2:410

368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 386a 386b 386c 387 387a 387b 388 389 390 391 391a 392 393 394 395 395a 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426

2:411 2:412 2:413 2:414 2:415 2:416 2:417 2:418 2:419 2:420 2:421 2:422 2:423 2:424 2:425 2:426 1:443–444, 2:427 1:444–445, 2:428 1:445–447, 2:429 1:445 1:446 1:447 1:447–448, 2:430 1:449 1:450 1:451, 2:431 1:451–452, 2:432 1:452–453, 2:433 1:453–454, 2:434 1:453–454 1:454–456, 2:435 1:456–458, 2:436 1:458–460, 2:437 1:460–462, 2:438 1:462–463 2:439 1:464–465, 2:440 1:466–467, 2:441 1:467–468, 2:442 2:443 2:444 2:445 2:446 2:447 2:448 2:449 2:450 2:451 2:452 2:453 2:454 2:455 2:456 2:457 2:458 2:459 2:460 2:460–461 2:462 2:463 2:464 2:465 2:466 2:467 2:468 2:469

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

557

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

Fuchs, Khorsabad Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 Texts 1–6 line nos.

427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447

2:470 2:471 2:472 2:473 2:474 2:475 2:476 2:477 2:478 2:479 2:480 2:481 2:482 2:483 2:484 2:485 2:486 2:487 2:488 2:489 2:490

448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467

2:491 2:492 2:493 2:494 2:495 2:496 2:497 2:498 2:499 2:500 2:501 2:502 2:503 2:504 2:505 2:506 2:507 2:508 2:509 2:510

Concordance 8: Lie, Sar. Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Texts 1–7 Line Numbers [Note: Only the longer passages cited in notes are included here.] Lie, Sar.

RINAP 2 text and line nos.

Lie, Sar.

RINAP 2 text and line nos.

lines 1–468 p. 10 n. 8 p. 11 n. 14 p. 14 nn. 2–3 p. 15 n. 6 pp. 38–39 lines 1–5 p. 32 n. 4 p. 44 n. 7 p. 45 n. 9 pp. 48–49 lines 1–6 p. 49 n. 5 pp. 50–53 lines 10–17 pp. 53–55 lines 1–9 p. 54 nn. 5–6 pp. 58–59 lines 13–17

1:1–468 4:9´–10´ 4:15´–16´ 4:26´–27´ 4:29´–30´ 3:1´–5´ 2:226–227 2:312, 3:33´ 3:34´–41´ 2:324–329 3:47´–54´ 2:333–340 2:341–349 2:351–352 2:370–374

pp. 62–65 lines 5–17 p. 62 n. 3 p. 63 nn. 5–6 pp. 64–65 lines 6–17 pp. 66–67 lines 1–2 p. 68 n. 4 p. 69 n. 7 p. 69 nn. 9–10 pp. 70–73 lines 1–17 p. 73 n. 9 pp. 74–77 lines 1–17 p. 76 n. 5 pp. 76–81 lines 1–17 pp. 80–83 lines 1–17

2:396–406 6:8´ 6:9´–14´ 2:414–425 2:426–427 2:433; 7:152 2:435–436 2:438–439 2:443–459 7:119 2:460–476 7:157–158 2:477–493 2:494–510

Concordance 9: Winckler, Sar. Annals Line Numbers to RINAP 2 Text Nos. 1–6 and 8 Line Numbers [Note: Since Winckler used at times the text from one room as the main exemplar and at other times a different room, the line equations are sometimes very loose in view of variations in the text between the rooms. At times it is not clear if Winckler actually used a text cited in the right-hand column in making his edition. In addition to omitting certain lines on slabs that he otherwise used (e.g., RINAP text 1 lines 453–454 on II,34 [Winckler copy no. 25] would fit his lines 380–381), Winckler’s list on p. IX omits various slabs used in RINAP (text 1 sections 23, 25, 27 and 28; text 2 sections 16, 17, 20 and 21; text 4 sections 2´ and 3´; and of course text 5, which was discovered after his time).] [Note: Contra Winckler, Sar. 1 p. IX, his copy of II,19 (Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 83c) is his no. 16, not no. 24, and his copy of V,1 (Botta, Monument de Ninive 4 pl. 118c bottom) is his no. 52, not no. 58.] [Note: For his lines 436–462, Winckler used text no. 8 (Display Inscription from room XIV) lines 68–87.] [Note: In this file I have added information on several extra slabs and lines not used by Winckler in his edition.]

558

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66

1:2 1:4–5 1:5 1:6 1:7 1:8 1:9 1:10 1:10–11 1:11–12 1:13 1:1? 1:3? 1:14 1:15 1:16 1:16–17 1:18 1:19 1:20 1:21 1:22 1:23 1:24 1:25 1:26 1:53 1:54 1:55 1:56 1:57 1:58 1:59 1:60 1:61 1:62 1:63, 4:1´ 1:64, 4:1´–2´ 1:65, 4:2´ 1:66, 4:3´–4´ 1:67, 4:4´–6´ 1:68, 4:6´–8´ 1:69, 4:8´–9´ 1:70, 4:9´–11´ 1:71, 4:11´–12´ 1:72, 4:13´–14´ 1:73, 4:14´–15´ 1:74, 4:15?´–17´ 1:75, 4:17´–18´ 1:76, 4:18´–19´ 1:77, 2:69, 4:19´ 1:78, 2:70, 4:19´–20´ 1:79, 2:71, 4:20´–22´ 1:80, 2:72, 4:22´–23´ 1:81, 2:73, 4:23´–24´ 1:82, 2:273?–74, 4:24´–25´ 1:83, 2:75, 4:25´–27´ 1:84, 2:76, 4:27´–28´ 1:85, 4:28´–29´ 1:86, 4:32´ 1:87, 4:33´ 1:88, 2:80?, 4:34´ 1:89, 4:35´ 1:90, 4:36´ 1:91, 4:36´?–37´? 1:92, 4:37´–38´

67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132

1:93, 4:38´–39´ 1:94, 2:86–87, 4:39´–40´ 1:95, 2:87–88, 4:40´–41´ 1:96, 2:88–89, 4:42´ 1:97, 2:89–90, 4:43´–44´ 1:98, 2:90–91, 4:44´–45´ 1:99, 2:92–93, 4:45´ 1:100, 2:93–95 1:101, 2:95–96 1:102, 2:96–97 1:103, 2:97–98 1:104, 2:98–99 1:105, 2:100 1:106, 2:100–101 1:107, 2:101–102 1:108 1:109 1:110 1:111 1:112 1:113 1:114 1:115 1:116 1:117 1:118 1:119 1:120 1:121 1:122 1:123 1:124 1:125 1:126 1:127 1:128 1:129 1:130 1:131 1:132 1:133 1:134 1:135 1:136 1:137 1:138 1:139 1:140 1:141 1:142 1:143 1:144 1:145 1:146 1:147 1:148 1:149 1:150 1:151 1:152 1:153 1:154 1:155 1:156 1:157 1:158

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

559

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144–156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210

1:159 1:160 1:161, 2:188–189 1:162, 2:189–190 1:163, 2:191–192 1:164, 2:192–193 1:165, 2:194–195 1:166, 2:196–197 1:167, 2:198–200 1:168, 2:200–202 1:169, 2:202–203? 1:170–182, 2:203–217 1:182?–183, 2:217–218 1:184, 2:218–219 1:185, 2:219–220 1:186, 2:220 1:187, 2:221 1:188, 2:221–222 1:189, 2:222–223 1:190, 2:223–224 1:191, 2:224 1:192, 2:224–225 1:193, 2:225–226 1:194, 2:226–227 1:195, 2:227–228? 1:196, 2:228–229 1:197, 2:229 1:198, 2:230 1:198–199, 2:230–231 1:200, 2:231–232 1:200–201, 2:232–233 1:201–202, 2:233–234 1:203, 2:234–235 1:204–205, 2:235–236 1:205, 2:236–237 1:206, 2:237–238 1:207 1:208 1:209 1:210 1:211 1:212 1:213 1:214 1:215 1:216 1:217 1:218, 2:256 1:219, 2:256–257 1:220, 2:257–258 1:221, 2:258–259? 1:222, 2:259–260 1:223, 2:260 1:224, 2:261 1:225, 2:261 1:226, 2:262 1:227, 2:262 1:228, 2:263 1:229, 2:263–264 1:230, 2:264 1:231, 2:265 1:232, 2:265–266 1:233, 2:266 1:234, 2:267 2:267–268, 3:1´ 2:268?, 3:2´

211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276

2:269–270?, 3:3´ 2:270–271, 3:4´ 2:271–272, 3:5´ 1:248, 2:272–273, 3:6´ 1:249, 2:273–274, 3:6´ 1:250, 2:274–275, 3:6´–7´ 1:251, 2:275–276, 3:7´ 1:252, 2:276–277, 3:7´–8´ 1:253, 2:277, 3:8´ 1:254, 2:278–279, 3:8´–9´ 1:255, 2:279–280, 3:9´ 1:256, 2:280–281?, 3:9´ 1:257, 2:281, 3:10´ 1:258, 2:282, 3:10´ 1:259, 2:283, 3:10´–11´ 1:260, 2:284, 3:11´ 1:261–262, 2:285–287, 3:11´–12´ 1:262–263, 2:287–288, 3:13´ 1:264, 2:289, 3:14´ 1:264–265, 2:290, 3:14´–15´ 1:265–266, 2:291, 3:15´ 2:292, 3:15´ 1:266, 2:293 1:266, 2:294 1:267, 2:295 1:267–268, 2:296 1:268, 2:297 1:268–269, 2:298 1:269, 2:299 1:270, 2:300 1:270–271, 2:301 1:271, 2:302 1:271–272, 2:303 1:272, 2:304 1:273, 2:305 1:273–274, 2:306 1:274, 2:307 1:274–275, 2:308 1:276–277, 2:309 1:277–278, 2:310 1:278–279, 2:311; 3:32´–33´ 1:279, 2:312, 3:33´ 1:280, 2:313, 3:33´–34´ 2:314, 3:34´–35´ 2:315, 3:35´ 1:281–282, 2:316, 3:35´–36´ 2:317, 3:36´–37´ 1:283–284, 2:318, 3:37´–38´ 1:284, 2:319, 3:38´ 1:285, 2:320, 3:38´–39´ 1:285, 2:320–321, 3:39´–40´ 2:322, 3:40´ 2:323, 3:40´–41´ 2:324, 3:41´–42´ 2:325, 3:42´–43´ 1:317–320, 2:326, 3:43´–44´ 1:320–322, 2:327, 3:44´–45´ 1:322–324, 2:328, 3:45´–46´ 1:324–327, 2:329, 3:47´–48´ 1:328–329, 2:330, 3:48´–49´ 1:330–333, 2:331, 3:50´–51´ 1:333–335, 2:332, 3:51´–52´ 1:336–339, 2:333, 3:53´–54´ 1:339–340, 2:334, 3:54´–55´ 2:335, 3:55´–57´ 2:336, 3:57´–58´

560

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342

2:337, 3:58´–59´ 2:338, 3:59´–60´ 2:339 1:350–351, 2:340 1:352, 2:341 1:353, 2:342 1:354–355, 2:343 1:355, 2:344 2:345 2:346 2:347 2:348 2:349 1:365, 2:350 1:366, 2:350–351 1:367, 2:351 1:368, 2:352 1:369, 2:352–353 1:370, 2:353–354 1:371, 2:354 1:372, 2:355 1:373, 2:355–356 1:374, 2:356–357 1:375, 2:357 1:376, 2:358 1:377, 2:358–359 1:378, 2:359–360 1:378–379, 2:360–361 1:380, 2:361 1:381, 2:361–362 1:382, 2:362 1:383, 2:362–363 1:384, 2:363 1:385, 2:364 1:386, 2:364 and 368 1:387, 2:369 1:388, 2:368 1:389, 2:368 2:370, 5:2´–3´ 2:371, 5:3´ 2:372 2:373 1:404, 2:374 1:404, 2:375 1:404–405, 2:376 1:405, 2:377 1:405–406, 2:378 1:406, 2:379 1:406–407, 2:380 1:407, 2:381 1:407–408, 2:382 1:408, 2:383 1:408–409. 2:384, 6:1´ 1:409, 2:385, 6:1´ 1:409–410, 2:386, 6:1´ 1:410, 2:387, 6:1´–2´ 1:410–411, 2:388, 6:2´ 1:411, 2:389, 6:2´ 1:411, 2:390, 6:2´ 1:412, 2:390–391, 6:3´ 1:412, 2:391–392, 6:3´ 1:413, 2:392–393, 6:3´–4´ 1:414, 2:393–394, 6:4´–5´ 1:414–415, 2:394–395, 6:5´–6´ 1:416, 2:395, 6:6´ 2:396, 6:7´

343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350–357 damaged 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415

2:397, 6:8´ 2:398, 6:8´–9´ 2:399, 6:9? 2:400, 6:9´ 2:401, 6:10´ 2:402, 6:11´ 2:403 see 2:404–414 2:415 2:416 2:417 2:418 2:419 2:420 2:421 2:422 2:423 2:424 2:425 2:426 1:443, 2:427 1:444, 2:427–428 1:445, 2:428–429 1:446, 2:429 1:447, 2:429? –430? 1:448, 2:430 1:449 1:450, 2:431? 1:451, 2:431–432 1:452, 2:432–433 1:453, 2:433–434 1:454, 2:434 1:455, 2:435 1:456–458, 2:436 1:458–460?, 2:437 1:460–461, 2:438 1:462–463, 2:439 1:464–465, 2:440 1:465–467, 2:441 1:467–468, 2:442 2:443 2:444 2:445 2:446 2:447 2:448 2:448–449 2:450 2:451 2:451–452 2:453 2:454–454 2:455 2:456 2:456–457 2:458 2:459 2:460 2:460–461 2:462 2:463 2:464–465 2:465 2:466 2:467 2:468

Concordances of Annals Line Numbers

561

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

Winckler, Sar. Annals line nos.

RINAP 2 texts 1–6 line nos.

416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438

2:469 2:470 2:471 2:472 2:473 2:474 2:474–475 2:476 2:477 2:478 2:479 2:480 2:481 2:482 2:483 2:484 2:485 2:486 2:487 2:488 2:489 2:490, 8:59 2:491, 8:60–63

439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460

2:492, 8:63–65 2:493, 8:65–68 2:493–494, 8:68 2:494–495, 8:69 2:495–496, 8:70 2:496, 8:71 2:497, 8:72 2:497–498, 8:73 2:498, 8:74 2:499, 8:75 2:499–500, 8:76 2:500–501, 8:77 2:501–502, 8:78 2:502–503?, 8:79 2:503–504, 8:80 2:504–505, 8:81 2:505–506, 8:82 2:506–507, 8:83 2:507–508, 8:84 2:508-509, 8:85 2:509–510, 8:86 2:510, 8:87

Concordances of Selected Publications

Börker-Klähn, Bildstelen No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

173 174 175

117 104 103

177 178 179

106 1010 1009

248 252

116 2010

Borger, TUAT 1/4 P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

378–381 381–382 382 382–383

1–2 82 74 63

383–385 385 385–386 386

7 8 103 13

386 387 387

43 73 89

Botta, Monument de Niniveˡ Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

1 2 3 4 5c 6 7:1-4 8 9 10 11:1-4 12 1–4 13 14 15 16:1-4 17 18:1–4 19:1–4 20 21 22c 23c 24c 25c 26c 27c 28c

10.2 11.1 10.3 13.2 11.2 13.3 13.4 12.2 12.1 12.3 13.5 13.6 10.1 14.1 12.4 13.1 13.7 13.8 13.9 14.2 12.5 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.6

29c 30c 31c 32c 33c 34c 35c 36c 37c 38c 39c 40c 41c 42c 43c 44c 45c 46c 47c 48c 49c 50c 51c 52 53 54c 55c 56c

9.6 9.7 9.7 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.10 9.10 9.11 9.11 9.12 9.12 9.13 9.13 9.14 9.14 9.15 9.15 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.18 9.19

57c 58c 59c 60c 61c 62 63 64 65c 65bis c 66c top 66c bottom 67c 68c 69 left 69 right 70c 71c 72c 73c 74 c 74bis c 75c 76c 77c 78c 79 top 79c bottom

9.19 9.20 9.20 9.21 9.21 9.22 7.3 7.3 1 §21 1 §22 2 §20 2 §21 8 §5 8 §6 7.2 7.2 1 §2 1 §5 1 §6 1 §7 1 §8 1 §9 1 §10 1 §11 1 §12 1 §13 1 §1 1 §14

563

564

Concordances of Selected Publications

Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

80c 81c 82c 83c 84c 85c 86c 87c 88c 89c 90c 91 92 top 92 bottom 93 94 95 96 97c 98c 99c 100c 101c 102 103c 104c 105c 106c 107c 108c 109c 110c 111c 112c 113c 114c 115c top 115c bottom 116 top 116 bottom 117c 118c top 118c bottom 119c

1 §15 1 §16 1 §17 1 §18 1 §20 1 §23 1 §26 1 §29 1 §30 1 §32 1 §35 1 §36 1 §25 1 §27–28 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 2 §29 2 §28 2 §27 2 §26 2 §25 2 §24 2 §23 2 §22 2 §19 2 §18 2 §17 2 §16 2 §24 2 §13 2 §14 2 §5 2 §30 2 §6

120 121c 122c 123c 124c 125c 126c 127c 128c 129c 130c 131c 132c 133 top 133 bottom 134c top 134c bottom 135 top 135 bottom 136c 137c 138c top 138c bottom 139c 140c 141c 142c top 142c bottom 143c top 143c bottom 144c 145c top 145c bottom 146c top 146c bottom 147c 148c 149c 150c 151c top 151c bottom 152c top 152c bottom 153c

2 §12 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1

154c 155c 156c 157c 158c 159c top 159c bottom 160c top 160c bottom 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168c 169 170 171 172c 173c 174 175 176 177c 178 179 180c 181c.1 181c.2 181c.3 181c.4 181c.5 182c.1 182c.2 182c.3 182c.4 183c.1 183c.2 183c.3 183c.4 183c.5

7.1 3 §1´ 3 §3´ 3 §4´ 4 §1´ 4 §2´ 8 §1 8 §2 8 §3 8 §4 4 §3´ 6 §1´, 40 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.8 41.9 41.10 41.11 41.12 41.13 41.14 41.15 41.16 23–32, 36–39 49.1 35 34 33 14.3 Asb. Senn. Senn. Senn. Senn. 50.7 50.8 55.1 53.12

Cogan, Bound for Exile P.

RINAP 2

48 fig. 12

53.30

Cogan, Raging Torrent P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

82–89 89–93 93–96 96–97 97–98 98–100

18 19 20 21 22 23

7 74 1–3 89 43 103

100–103 103–105 105–107 231–233 232–233

24 25 26 1 2

73 82 63 1009 104

Concordances of Selected Publications

565

Donbaz and Grayson, RICCA No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

136 228 229

67.7 67.2 67.3

230 231 232

67.4 67.5 67.1

233 234 235

67.6 67.7 67.8

Fales, COS 4 P.

No.

RINAP 2

199–215

4.42

65

Fales, Studies Lipiski P.

No.

RINAP 2

42–43 45–46

9 13

78 79

Frahm, KAL 3 No.

RINAP 2

31 32

72 64

Frame, RIMB 2 P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

143–145 145–146 146–149

B.6.22.1 B.6.22.2 B.6.22.3

123 124 125

149–150 150–151 151–152

B.6.22.4 B.6.22.5 B.6.22.6

126 127 128

Fuchs, Khorsabad No.

P.

RINAP 2

No.

P.

RINAP 2

1.1 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

29–44 and 289–296 45–48 and 296–298 48–50 and 298–299 51–52 and 299–300 52–53 and 300 54–59 and 300–302 60–74 and 303–307 75–81 and 307–312 82–188 and 313–342 189–248 and 343–355

43 44 45 46 47 41 9 8 1–6 7

2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5 3.1 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4

249–251 and 356 251–254 and 356–357 254–259 and 358 259–271 and 359–362 271–275 and 362–363 276–279 and 364–368 280 and 369 280 and 369 281 and 369–370 281 and 370

10 11 12 13 14 23–40 17 18 20 21

566

Concordances of Selected Publications

No.

P.

RINAP 2

No.

P.

RINAP 2

3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.3 3.4 3.5a

281–282 and 370 282 and 370 283 and 371 284 and 371 285 and 371 286 and 372

22 19 16 49 2002 50

3.5b 3.5c 3.5d 3.5e 3.5f

286 and 372 286 and 372 287 and 372 287 and 372 287 and 372

51 53 52 54 55

Jacobsen in Loud, Khorsabad 1 pp. 129–133 P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

129 129 130 130–131

1 2 3 4

5 52 18 19

131–132 132–133 133

5 6 7

16 17 20

Jacobsen in Loud and Altman, Khorsabad 2 pp. 103–105 P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

103–104 104 104 104 104

1 2 3 4 5

22 2002 49.3 10.4 11 commentary

104 105 105 105

18 32 33 40–64

1001 59 60? 43

Jakob-Rost and Marzahn, VAS 23 No.

RINAP 2

124

68.14

Layard, ICC Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

Pl.

RINAP 2

33–34 82 [D.1]

73.1–2 50.9

82 [D.2] 83E

53.5 77.1

84A

77.2

Luckenbill, ARAB 2 P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

2–25 §§3–51 25–39 §§52–75 39–45 §§76–90 45–47 §§91–94 48 §§95–96 48–50 and §§95, 97

1–3 7 8 9 10 11

48 and 50–51 §§95, 98 48 and 51–54 §§95, 99–101 48 and 54–55 §§95, 102 55–56 §§103–105 56–57 §§106–109 56, 58 §§ 106, 110–111

12 13 14 41 44 45

56, 58–59 §§106, 112–113 56, 59 §§106, 114–115 60–66 §§116–123 66 §124 66 §125a 66 §125b

46 47 43 49 23 24

Concordances of Selected Publications

567

P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

66 §125c 66 §125d 66 §125e 66 §125f 66 §125g 67 §125h 67 §125i 67 §125k 67 §125l 67 §125m 67 §125n

25 26 27 30 31 32 34 35 37 39 38

67 §125o 67 §126 67 §127 67 §127a 68 §128 68 §129 68 §130 68 §131 69–71 §§132–135 71–73 §§136–138 73–99 §§139–178

28 16 17 53 50 51 55 54 89 73 65

100–103 §§179–189 104–111 §§190–218 112 §§219–223 112–113 §§219, 224 112–113 §§219, 225 113 §226 113 §227 114 §228 114 §229

103 82 67 69–70 68 95 92 77 SAA 11 no. 49 61

114 §230

Lyon, Sar. No.

P.

RINAP 2

1 2 3

X–XII, 1–12, 30–39, 58–79 43 XII, 13–19, 40–47, 79–81 9 XII–XIII, 20–22, 48–51 44

No.

P.

RINAP 2

4 5 6

XIII, 23–24, 50–53, 82 XIII, 25–26, 54–57, 82 XIII, 27, 56–57

45 46 47

Maniori, Campagne di Sargon No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 D1 D2

1 2 3 4 5 6 82 63 102 117 89 27 26

D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12–13 G1–5 G6–7 G8

28 25 24 23 37 39 38 36 34 71 7.1–5 74 83

G9 G10 g1 g2 g3 g4 g5–6 g7 g8 g9 g10 g11 M

113 111 8 9 13 43 76.1–2 84 103 105 104 116 65

Marzahn and Rost, Ziegelen 1 No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

342 343 344 345

69.1 69.10 69.11 69.12

346 347 348 349

69.13 68.8 68.9 68.10

350 351 352 353

68.11 68.12 68.13 68.14

Messerschmidt, KAH 1 No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

37 38 39

69.1–9 70.1–5 68.1–7

40 41 42

67.2 67.3–4 67.5

71

67.1

568

Concordances of Selected Publications

Mitchell in Gyselen, Prix P.

No.

RINAP 2

129–138 129–138

10–11 15

78 79

Oppenheim, ANET3 P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

P.

RINAP 2

284 284 284–286

13 103 1

284–286 285 286

7 8 63

287 287

73 82

Place, Ninive et l’Assyrie Vol. and P./Pl.

RINAP 2

Vol. and P./Pl.

RINAP 2

Vol. and P./Pl.

RINAP 2

2 pp. 283–291 2 pp. 291–303 2 pp. 303–304 2 pp. 304–306 2 pp. 306–307

9 43 46 45 47

2 pp. 309–319 3 pl. 74 no. 11 3 pl. 76 no. 31 3 pl. 77 nos. 1–2 3 pl. 77 nos. 3–4

1–4, 8 62, 2003 61 46 45

3 pl. 77 no. 5 3 pl. 77 no. 6 3 pl. 78 nos. 1–2

47 44 43

1R Pl.

RINAP 2

6 no. 7 36

95.1–3 43.3

3R Pl.

RINAP 2

3 no. 12 11

92.1 103

Schroeder, KAH 2 No.

RINAP 2

141

65

Concordances of Selected Publications

569

Thompson, AAA 18 (1931) P./Pl.

No.

RINAP 2

Pl. XIX P. 100

37 —

53.21 50.12

Thompson, AAA 19 (1932) Pl.

No.

RINAP 2

Pl.

No.

RINAP 2

LXXIII LXXIII LXXIII LXXIV LXXV LXXV LXXVI LXXVI

102 110 111 132 145 152 155 156

92.6 92.7 92.8 92.9 92.10 92.11 92.12 92.13

LXXVI LXXVI LXXVI LXXVI LXXVI LXXVI LXXIX

158 159 160 162 166 167 226

92.14 92.15 92.16 92.17 92.18 92.19 92.20

Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) Pl.

No.

RINAP 2

Pl.

No.

RINAP 2

XLII XLII XLII XLII XLV XLV XLV XLV

28 29 41 43 69 70 71 72

94 95.5 93 1007 95.4, 6 96 97 50.10

XLV XLV XLVI XLVI XLVII XLVII LII

74 80 115 122 122D 122F 122O

98 55.2 51.2 53.20 92.3 92.4 92.5

Ungnad, VAS 1 No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

71

103

72

50.6

73

77.7

Vera Chamaza, Omnipotenz No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

No.

RINAP 2

11–13 28

1 65

29 101

67 65

116a 116b

7 2

570

Concordances of Selected Publications

Walker, CBI P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

64–65 117 117 118

76 (Sargon II O) 166 (Sargon II A) 167 (Sargon II C) 168 (Sargon II D)

123.2–5 54.1–3 50.1–5 53.1–11

118–119 119 119

169 (Sargon II F) 170 (Sargon II G) 171 (Sargon II X)

95.1–3 96.1–2 110.1

Winckler, Sar. [Note: Those texts that are mentioned in the Introduction of volume 1 of Winckler, Sar., and have copies in volume 2, but are not edited, are listed first, via the page and reference number to them in the Introduction to volume 1. For the other texts the page number and reference number in the Introduction are not given as the main reference in the concordance below. Two further texts neither mentioned in the Introduction nor edited in volume 1, but with copies in volume 2, are listed at the end of the chart.]

Concordance A: P., Pl., and No.

RINAP 2

P., Pl., and No.

RINAP 2

pp. X–XI no. 6 and pls. 41–42 p. XI no. 8 and pl. 43 p. XI no. 9 and pls. 42–44 pp. 2–79 and pls. 1–28 nos. 1–52, 55, 58–60; pp. VII–IX no. 3 pp. 76–79 (lines 441–460) pp. 80–95 and pls. 25–27, 29 nos. 53–54, 56– 57, 61–62 pp. 96–135 and pls. 30–36 nos. 63–78; p. X no. 4 pp. 136–139 and pl. 37 no. I; p. X no. 5 pp. 138–143 and pl. 37 no. II; p. X no. 5 pp. 142–147 and pls. 37–38 no. III; p. X no. 5 pp. 146–157 and pls. 38–40 no. IIII; p. X no. 5 pp. 158–163 and pl. 40 no. V; p. X no. 5 pp. 164–167 and pl. 40; p. XI no. 7 pp. 168–173 and pl. 48; p. VI no. 1 pp. 174–185 and pls. 46–47; pp. VI–VII no. 2 pp. 186–189 and pls. 44–46; pp. XI–XII no. 10 p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 1 p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.a p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.b p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.c p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.d p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.e

9 43 44–47

p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.f p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.g p. 190 and pl. 49 no. 2.h pp. 190–191 and pl. 49 no. 2.i p. 191 and pl. 49 no. 2.k p. 191 and pl. 49 no. 2.l p. 191 and pl. 49 no. 2.m p. 191 and pl. 49 no. 2.n pp. 190–191 and pl. 49 no. 2.o pp. 191–192 and pl. 49 no. 3A; p. XII no. 11 p. 192 and pl. 49 no. 3B; p. XII no. 11 p. 192 and pl. 49 no. 4 p. 192 and pl. 49 no. 5 p. 193 and pl. 49 no. 6 p. 193 and pl. 49 nos. 7a–b p. 194 and pl. 49 no. 8 p. 194 and pl. 49 no. 9 pp. 194–195 and pl. 49 no. 10 p. 195 and pl. 49 no. 11 p. 196 and pl. 49 no.12 p. 196 and pl. 49 no. 13 p. 196 and pl. 49 nos. 14–15 pl. 26 no. 55 bottom two lines pl. 49 no. 2.o

30 31 32 34 35 37 39 38 28 16 17 77 77 53 50 51 55 54 95 SAA 11 no. 49 61 92 40 28

1–4, 6 8 8 7 10 11 12 13 14 41 73 103 82 49 23 24 25 26 27

Concordance B: [Note: This concordance only includes those text copies in Winckler’s volume 2 that are found on wall slabs. Those that Winckler indicates were collated from squeezes are indicated with c after his copy number. Those that were not collated have not been used in the present volume; however, the equivalent text and section here is cited within square brackets.] Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

pl. 1 no. 1 pl. 1 no. 2c pl. 2 no. 3c pl. 2 no. 5 pl. 3 no. 4c pl. 3 no. 6c pl. 4 no. 7c pl. 4 no. 8c pl. 5 no. 9 pl. 5 no. 10c

[1 §1] 1 §2 1 §5 [1 §7] 1 §6 1 §8 1 §9 1 §10 [1 §11] 1 §12

pl. 6 no. 11 c pl. 6 no. 12c pl. 7 no. 13c pl. 7 no. 14c pl. 8 no. 15c pl. 8 no. 16c pl. 9 no. 17c pl. 9 no. 18c pl. 9 no. 19 pl. 10 no. 20c

1 §13 1 §14 1 §15 1 §16 1 §17 1 §18 1 §20 1 §23 [1 §25] 1 §26

pl. 10 no. 21 pl. 10 no. 22c pl. 11 no. 23c pl. 11 no. 24c pl. 12 no. 25c pl. 12 no. 26 pl. 13 no. 27c pl. 13 no. 28c pl. 14 no. 29c pl. 14 no. 30c

[1 §27, 28] 1 §29 1 §30 1 §32 1 §35 [1 §36] 3 §1´ 3 §3´ 3 §4´ 1 §21

Concordances of Selected Publications

571

Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

Pl. and No.

RINAP 2

pl. 15 no. 31c pl. 15 no. 32c pl. 16 no. 33c pl. 16 no. 34c pl. 17 no. 35c pl. 17 no. 36 pl. 18 no. 37 pl. 18 no. 38 pl. 19 no. 39c pl. 19 no. 40c pl. 19 no. 41c pl. 20 no. 42c pl. 20 no. 43c pl. 21 no. 44c pl. 21 no. 45c pl. 22 no. 46c

1 §22 2 §20 2 §21 2 §5 2 §6 [2 §12] [2 §13] [2 §14] 2 §16 2 §17 2 §18 2 §19 2 §22 2 §23 2 §24 2 §24

pl. 22 no. 47c pl. 23 no. 48c pl. 23 no. 49c pl. 24 no. 50c pl. 24 no. 51c pl. 25 no. 52 pl. 25 no. 53c pl. 25 no. 54c pl. 26 no. 55 pl. 26 no. 56c pl. 27 no. 57c pl. 27 no. 58c pl. 28 no. 59c pl. 28 no. 60 pl. 29 no. 61 pl. 29 no. 62

2 §25 2 §26 2 §27 2 §28 2 §29 [2 §30] 8 §5 8 §6 [6 §1´] 8 §1 8 §2 4 §1´ 4 §2´ [4 §3´] [8 §3] [8 §4]

pl. 30 no. 63c pl. 30 no. 64c pl. 31 no. 65c pl. 31 no. 66c pl. 32 no. 67c pl. 32 no. 68c pl. 33 no. 69c pl. 33 no. 70c pl. 33 no. 71c pl. 34 no. 72c pl. 34 no. 73c pl. 35 no. 74c pl. 35 no. 75c pl. 36 no. 76c pl. 36 no. 77c pl. 36 no. 78c

7.1 §1 7.1 §2 7.1 §3 7.1 §4 7.1 §5 7.1 §6 7.1 §7 7.1 §8 7.1 §9 7.1 §10 7.1 §11 7.1 §12 7.1 §13 7.1 §14 7.1 §15 7.4 §13

Younger, COS 2 P.

No.

RINAP 2

P.

No.

RINAP 2

293–294 294 295 295–296 296–297

2.118A 2.118B 2.118C 2.118D 2.118E

1–4 105 89 74 7

297 298 298 298–299 299–300

2.118F 2.118G 2.118H 2.118I 2.118J

8 13 43 73 116