The properties of gases and liquids [4th ed] 0070517991, 9780070517998

Table of contents :
Cover ......Page 1
Title ......Page 3
Date-line ......Page 4
Contents ......Page 5
Preface ......Page 9
1-1 Introduction ......Page 11
1-2 Estimation of Properties ......Page 13
1-3 Types of Estimation ......Page 14
1-4 Organization of the Book ......Page 18
References ......Page 20
2-1 Scope ......Page 21
2-2 Critical Properties ......Page 22
2-3 Acentric Factor ......Page 33
2-4 Boiling and Freezing Points ......Page 35
Notation ......Page 36
References ......Page 37
3-2 Two-Parameter Correlations ......Page 39
3-3 Three-Parameter Correlations ......Page 43
3-5 Virial Equation ......Page 45
3-6 Cubic Equations of State ......Page 52
3-7 Generalized Benedict-Webb-Rubin Equations ......Page 57
3-8 Discussion of Equations of State ......Page 60
3-10 Estimation of the Liquid Molar Volume at the Normal Boiling Point ......Page 62
3-11 Estimation of Liquid Densities ......Page 65
References ......Page 79
4-1 Scope ......Page 84
4-2 Mixing Rules—General Discussion ......Page 85
4-3 Corresponding States: The Pseudocritical Method ......Page 86
4-4 Second Virial Coefficients for Mixtures ......Page 89
4-5 Mixing Rules for Redlich-Kwong-Type Equations of State ......Page 92
4-6 Mixing Rules for the Lee-Kesler Equation ......Page 94
4-7 Interaction Parameters—General Discussion ......Page 95
4-8 Recent Developments in Mixing Rules ......Page 97
4-9 Densities of Liquid Mixtures ......Page 99
Notation ......Page 102
References ......Page 103
5-2 Fundamental Thermodynamic Principles ......Page 105
5-3 Departure Functions ......Page 107
5-4 Evaluation of Departure Functions ......Page 111
5-6 True Critical Points of Mixtures ......Page 131
5-7 Heat Capacities of Liquids ......Page 146
5-8 Vapor Phase Fugacity of a Component in a Mixture ......Page 153
Notation ......Page 156
References ......Page 157
6-1 Scope and Definitions ......Page 160
6-2 Estimation Methods ......Page 162
6-3 Method of Joback ......Page 164
6-4 Method of Yoneda ......Page 167
6-5 Method of Thinh et al. ......Page 177
6-6 Method of Benson ......Page 183
6-7 Method of Cardozo ......Page 200
6-8 Discussion and Recommendations ......Page 201
Notation ......Page 211
References ......Page 213
7-2 Theory and Corresponding States Correlations ......Page 215
7-3 Antoine Vapor Pressure Equation ......Page 218
7-4 Gomez-Thodos Vapor Pressure Equation ......Page 219
7-5 Vapor Pressure Estimation with Two Reference Fluids ......Page 222
7-6 Correlation and Extrapolation of Vapor Pressure Data ......Page 224
7-7 Discussion of and Recommendations for Vapor Pressure Estimation and Correlation ......Page 226
7-8 Enthalpy of Vaporization of Pure Compounds ......Page 228
7-9 Estimation of $\Delta H_V$ from the Law of Corresponding States ......Page 229
7-10 Estimation of $\Delta H_V$ from Vapor Pressure Equations ......Page 232
7-11 $\Delta H_V$ at the Normal Boiling Point ......Page 235
7-12 Variation of $\Delta H_V$ with Temperature ......Page 238
7-13 Discussion and Recommendations for Enthalpy of Vaporization ......Page 240
7-14 Enthalpy of Fusion ......Page 241
7-15 Enthalpy of Sublimation; Vapor Pressures of Solids ......Page 242
Notation ......Page 246
References ......Page 248
8-1 Scope ......Page 251
8-2 Thermodynamics of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria ......Page 257
8-3 Fugacity of a Pure Liquid ......Page 259
8-4 Simplifications in the Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Relation ......Page 260
8-5 Activity Coefficients; Gibbs-Duhem Equation and Excess Gibbs Energy ......Page 261
8-6 Calculation of Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibria ......Page 269
8-7 Effect of Temperature on Vapor-Liquid Equilibria ......Page 272
8-8 Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibria: Examples ......Page 274
8-9 Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria ......Page 283
8-10 Estimation of Activity Coefficients ......Page 293
8-11 Solubilities of Gases in Liquids ......Page 342
8-12 Vapor-Liquid Equilibria at High Pressures ......Page 347
8-13 Liquid-Liquid Equilibria ......Page 367
8-14 Phase Equilibria in Polymer Solutions ......Page 378
8-15 Solubilities of Solids in Liquids ......Page 382
8-16 Aqueous Solutions of Electrolytes ......Page 385
8-17 Concluding Remarks ......Page 390
Notation ......Page 391
References ......Page 394
9-2 Definitions of Units of Viscosity ......Page 398
9-3 Theory of Gas Transport Properties ......Page 399
9-4 Estimation of Low-Pressure Gas Viscosity ......Page 402
9-5 Viscosities of Gas Mixtures at Low Pressures ......Page 414
9-6 Effect of Pressure on the Viscosity of Pure Gases ......Page 427
9-7 Viscosity of Gas Mixtures at High Pressures ......Page 441
9-8 Liquid Viscosity ......Page 443
9-9 Effect of High Pressure on Liquid Viscosity ......Page 446
9-10 Effect of Temperature on Liquid Viscosity ......Page 449
9-11 Estimation of Low-Temperature Liquid Viscosity ......Page 466
9-12 Estimation of Liquid Viscosity at High Temperatures ......Page 481
9-13 Liquid Mixture Viscosity ......Page 483
Notation ......Page 493
References ......Page 495
10-1 Scope ......Page 501
10-2 Theory of Thermal Conductivity ......Page 502
10-3 Thermal Conductivities of Polyatomic Gases ......Page 503
10-5 Effect of Pressure on the Thermal Conductivities of Gases ......Page 524
10-6 Thermal Conductivities of Low-Pressure Gas Mixtures ......Page 540
10-7 Thermal Conductivities of Gas Mixtures at High Pressures ......Page 546
10-8 Thermal Conductivities of Liquids ......Page 554
10-9 Estimation of the Thermal Conductivities of Pure Liquids ......Page 559
10-10 Effect of Temperature on the Thermal Conductivities of Liquids ......Page 566
10-11 Effect of Pressure on the Thermal Conductivities of Liquids ......Page 567
10-12 Thermal Conductivities of Liquid Mixtures ......Page 571
Notation ......Page 580
References ......Page 582
11-2 Basic Concepts and Definitions ......Page 587
11-3 Diffusion Coefficients for Binary Gas Systems at Low Pressures: Prediction from Theory ......Page 591
11-4 Diffusion Coefficients for Binary Gas Systems at Low Pressures: Empirical Correlations ......Page 596
11-5 The Effect of Pressure on the Binary Diffusion Coefficients of Gases ......Page 599
11-7 Diffusion in Multicomponent Gas Mixtures ......Page 606
11-8 Diffusion in Liquids: Theory ......Page 607
11-9 Estimation of Binary Liquid Diffusion Coefficients at Infinite Dilution ......Page 608
11-10 Concentration Dependence of Binary Liquid Diffusion Coefficients ......Page 621
11-11 The Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Diffusion in Liquids ......Page 624
11-12 Diffusion in Multicomponent Liquid Mixtures ......Page 627
11-13 Diffusion in Electrolyte Solutions ......Page 630
Notation ......Page 634
References ......Page 636
12-2 Introduction ......Page 642
12-3 Estimation of the Surface Tension of a Pure Liquid ......Page 643
12-5 Surface Tensions of Nonaqueous Mixtures ......Page 650
12-6 Surface Tensions of Aqueous Solutions ......Page 658
Notation ......Page 662
References ......Page 663
Appendix A Property Data Bank ......Page 666
Appendix B Lennard-Jones Potentials as Determined from Viscosity Data ......Page 743
Index ......Page 745
Authors......Page 752
Back Cover......Page 753