The Iranian Revolution and the Muslim World 9780367293246, 9780429311994

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The Iranian Revolution and the Muslim World

The Moshe Dayan C~nter for Middle Eastern and African Studies, The Shiloah Institute Tel Aviv University

* The Moshe Dayan Center, through The Shiloah Institute and its other constituent units, seeks to contribute by research, documentation, and publication to the study and understanding of the modem history and current affairs of the Middle East and Africa. The Center, with the Department of Middle Eastern and African History, is part of the School of History at Tel Aviv University. This study appears in the Center's Collected Papers Series.

The Iranian Revolution and the Muslim World edited by

David Menashri

First published 1990 by Westview Press Published 2019 by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 1990 by Tel Aviv University All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Iranian revolution and the Muslim world/edited by David Menashri. p. cm.—(Westview special studies on the Middle East) Includes index. 1. Iran—Relations—Middle East. 2. Shi'ah—Iran. 3. Middle East—Relations—Iran. I. Menashri, David. II. Series. DS63.2.168173 1990 303.48'255056—dc20 ISBN 13: 978-0-367-29324-6 (hbk)

90-40602 CIP

Contents Preface List of Abbreviations Used in Notes

vii ix

Introduction, David Menashri

1

PART 1 ISLAMIC UNIVERSALISM AND IRANIAN IMPETUS

1

The Export of Ithna Ashari Shi'ism: Historical and Ideological Background, Roger M. Savory

2

Khomeini's Vision: Nationalism or World Order?

David Menashri

40

3

The Shi'i Praxis: Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy in Iran, Farhad Kazemi and ]o-Anne Hart

58

4

Iran and the Persian Gulf States, Shahram Chubin

73

5

Khomeini's Iran as Seen Through Bank Notes,

Peter Chelkowski

13

85

PART 2 ARAB SHI'I COMMUNITIES: EMULATION AND SUBVERSION 6

Redeeming Jerusalem: The Pan-Islamic Premise of Hizballah, Martin Kramer

105

7

The Impact of Khomeini's Revolution on the Radical Shi'i Movement of Iraq, Amazia Baram

131

PART 3 THE SUNNI-ARAB HEARTLAND: INSPIRATION, SUSPICION, AND CONFRONTATION 8

Saudi Arabia and the Iranian Revolution: The Religious Dimension, Jacob Goldberg V

155

vi 9

Contents Iranian-Syrian Relations: Between Islam and Realpolitik,

Yosef Olmert

171

10

The Iranian Impact on the Islamic Jihad Movement in the Gaza Strip, Elie Rekhess

189

11

Echoes of the Iranian Revolution in the Writings of Egyptian Muslims, ]ohannes ]. G. ]ansen

207

12

Sunni Polemical Writings on the Shi'a and the Iranian Revolution, Werner Ende

219

PART 4 ACROSS THE NORTHERN TIER: CONTAINMENT FROM WITHIN 13

Iranian Policy Toward .Afghanistan Since the Revolution,

Zalmay Khalilzad

235

14

I