The Birth of Modern Turkey: The Ottoman Military and the March to World War I 9780755612369, 9781850437970

The guide and mentor to the Ottoman military was Imperial Germany as the military developed its version of the Prussian

181 41 13MB

English Pages [232] Year 2005

Report DMCA / Copyright

DOWNLOAD PDF FILE

Recommend Papers

The Birth of Modern Turkey: The Ottoman Military and the March to World War I
 9780755612369, 9781850437970

  • 0 0 0
  • Like this paper and download? You can publish your own PDF file online for free in a few minutes! Sign Up
File loading please wait...
Citation preview

NOTES ON USAGE

Military Ranks

Ottoman military ranks are given in English. Career patterns of Ottoman officers go as Captain (Yiizba�1), Adjutant-Major (K.olagas1), Major (Binba�1), Lieutenant-Colonel (Kaymakam), Colonel (Miralay), Major­ General (Mirliva), Lieutenant-General (Ferik), General (1. Ferik), Marshal (Mii�ir). Personal and Place Names

All Ottoman and modern Turkish names and titles are given in the modern Turkish spelling (e.g. Enver not 'Anwar, Mahmud $evket not Mahmoud Shawqat, Pa�a not Pasha). Family names introduced in 1934 are given in parentheses when necessary (e.g. Mustafa Kemal (Atatiirk), Ahmed izzet (Furga