Surging out of Iraq? 1604560231, 9781604560237, 9781606926963

Table of contents :
SURGING OUT OF IRAQ?......Page 3
NOTICE TO THE READER......Page 6
CONTENTS......Page 7
PREFACE......Page 9
ABSTRACT......Page 15
INTRODUCTION......Page 16
BACKGROUND......Page 17
I. CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS......Page 18
Congress’s War Powers......Page 19
The Commander-in-Chief Clause......Page 21
Historical Practice......Page 25
Rescinding Military Authorization Versus Cutting Appropriations:Procedural and other Considerations......Page 26
Legal Consequences of Congressional Rescission of Military Authorization,Absent Additional Congressional Action......Page 27
III. USE OF THE POWER OF THE PURSETO RESTRICT MILITARY OPERATIONS......Page 31
Procedural Considerations......Page 33
Availability of Alternative Funds......Page 34
Redeployment from Iraq:Provisions in the Vetoed Supplemental......Page 36
IV. LIMITING DEPLOYMENT OF MILITARY PERSONNEL......Page 39
ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION......Page 41
REFERENCES......Page 43
ELECTIONS AND CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM IN 2005......Page 61
Permanent Constitution and Referendum......Page 62
December 15, 2005 Elections......Page 63
IRAQI PERFORMANCE ON MAJOR “BENCHMARKS” AND U.S. POLICY......Page 64
Political Fragmentation......Page 66
REFERENCS......Page 67
ABSTRACT......Page 69
The Clinton Administration and Major Anti-Saddam Factions......Page 71
Post-September 11, 2001:Regime Change and War......Page 77
Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)......Page 79
Early Transition Process......Page 80
Elections in 2005......Page 84
Maliki Government, Political Reconciliation, and “Benchmarks”......Page 86
Economic Reconstruction and U.S. Assistance......Page 92
Sunni Arab-Led Insurgency......Page 96
Sectarian Violence and Shiite Militias/Civil War?......Page 99
Iraq’s Northern Border......Page 101
U.S. Efforts to Restore Security......Page 102
Baghdad Security Plan (“Fardh Qanoon”) and “Troop Surge”......Page 103
Building Iraqi Security Forces (ISF)[42]......Page 105
Coalition-Building and Maintenance[44]......Page 109
PRESIDENT’S JANUARY 10 INITIATIVE, IRAQ STUDYGROUP REPORT, LEGISLATION, AND OTHER OPTIONS......Page 110
Iraq Study Group Report......Page 111
Congressional Reaction to Troop Surge......Page 112
Further Options: Altering Troop Levels or Mission......Page 113
Political Reconciliation and Reorganization......Page 115
Economic Measures......Page 117
REFERENCES......Page 119
ABSTRACT......Page 123
MILITARY PLANNING AND INITIAL COMBAT OPERATIONS......Page 124
Options Considered......Page 125
Combat Operations Prior to May 1, 2003......Page 126
POST-MAY 2003 OPERATIONS[6]......Page 127
Iraqi Security Organizations......Page 128
Iraqi Insurgency......Page 129
Force Levels......Page 130
REFERENCES......Page 132
ABSTRACT......Page 135
BACKGROUND......Page 137
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE......Page 138
LOCATION, SECURITY, AND THE ROLE OFU.S. DIPLOMATIC POSTS IN IRAQ......Page 139
CONGRESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES......Page 140
REFERENCES......Page 141
ABSTRACT......Page 143
COMMON QUESTIONS, UNIQUE CONCERNS......Page 144
Sectarian and Ethnic Politics and Violence......Page 145
Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons......Page 146
Iraq’s Future......Page 147
Sectarian or Ethnic Civil War?......Page 148
IRAQ’S NEIGHBORS: PERSPECTIVES AND POLICIES......Page 149
Iran[9]......Page 150
Turkey[15]......Page 153
Saudi Arabia[26]......Page 155
Syria[45]......Page 158
Jordan[51]......Page 160
The Gulf States[61]......Page 163
Israel[66]......Page 164
U.S. Regional Interests and Concerns......Page 165
Policy Options......Page 167
REFERENCES......Page 169
PRE-WAR BACKGROUND......Page 175
THE IMMEDIATE POST-SADDAM PERIOD......Page 177
Participation in the Central Government......Page 178
Kirkuk......Page 179
PKK Safehaven......Page 180
BACKGROUND......Page 183
ASSERTIONS OF IRANIAN SUPPORT TO ARMED GROUPS......Page 185
IRANIAN INFLUENCE OVER IRAQI POLITICAL LEADERS......Page 186
U.S. RESPONSES AND PROSPECTS......Page 187
REFERENCES......Page 188
ABSTRACT......Page 191
OVERVIEW......Page 192
NATO Training Mission-Iraq (NTM-I)[3]......Page 193
Other Training Contributions......Page 195
Significant Coalition Support Events Since April 9, 2003......Page 197
FOREIGN CONTRIBUTIONS TO RECONSTRUCTION ANDSTABILIZATION IN POSTWAR IRAQ......Page 206
REFERENCES......Page 208
INDEX......Page 211