Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Principles And Practice 0750692448, 9780750692441

Table of contents :
Front Cover......Page 1
Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Principles and Practice......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
Supercritical Fluid Extraction......Page 10
Chapter 1. Introduction......Page 12
Chapter 2. Historical Perspective......Page 28
Chapter 3. Phase Diagrams forSupercritical Fluid-Solute Mixtures......Page 38
PHASE DIAGRAMS FOR BINARY MIXTURES......Page 42
SOLID-SUPERCRITICAL FLUID PHASE DIAGRAMS......Page 56
POLYMER-SUPERCRITICAL FLUID PHASE DIAGRAMS......Page 72
PHASE DIAGRAMS FOR TERNARY MIXTURES......Page 82
DYNAMIC METHODS FOR MEASURING SOLUBILITIES INSUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS......Page 96
STATIC METHODS FOR MEASURING SOLUBILITIES INSUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS......Page 102
METHODS FOR DETERMINING PHASE BORDER CURVES......Page 105
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES......Page 110
SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS......Page 116
VAPOR-LIQUID CALCULATIONS......Page 121
LIQUID-LIQUID-VAPOR CALCULATIONS......Page 125
POLYMER-SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CALCULATIONS......Page 131
SOLID-SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CALCULATIONS......Page 138
Chapter 6. Process Operations......Page 146
PROPANE DEASPHALTING......Page 156
SOLEXOL PROCESS......Page 161
ROSE PROCESS......Page 164
Chapter 8. Supercritical FluidProcess DevelopmentStudies......Page 168
ACTIVATED CARBON REGENERATION......Page 169
SEPARATION OF ORGANIC-WATER SOLUTIONS......Page 181
BREAKING AN AZEOTROPE......Page 193
HIGH-PRESSURE POLYETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION......Page 200
POLYMER FRACTIONATION PROCESSES......Page 203
POLYETHYLENE FRACTIONATION......Page 209
FRACTIONATION OF ETHYLENE-BASED COPOLYMERS......Page 216
POLYSILOXANE AND POLYSILOXANE/PMMACOPOLYMER FRACTIONATION......Page 228
FRACTIONATION OF POLYMER BINDERSFOR SOLID PROPELLANTS......Page 261
OLIGOMER EXTRACTION FROM POLYMERS......Page 268
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSISOF POLYSTYRENE......Page 269
POLYMER FIBER SPINNING......Page 271
FRACTIONATION OF VARIOUS POLYMERS......Page 273
POLYMER-ORGANIC SOLVENT PHASE SEPARATION......Page 291
Chapter 10. Processing Pharmaceuticals,Natural Products, SpecialtyChemicals, and Waste Streams......Page 304
COFFEE DECAFFEINATION......Page 305
EDIBLE OILS EXTRACTION......Page 310
EXTRACTION OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS......Page 315
ISOMER SEPARATIONS......Page 318
TREATMENT OF WASTE STREAMS......Page 320
ENZYME REACTIONS......Page 322
HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTIONS......Page 332
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS......Page 333
VISCOSITY EFFECTS......Page 336
REACTION/SEPARATION SCHEMES......Page 337
ENHANCED REACTION RATES AND SELECTIVITIES......Page 339
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID NUCLEATION......Page 344
GAS ANTISOLVENT RECRYSTALLIZATION......Page 353
SWELLING OF POLYMERS......Page 368
FORMATION OF POROUS POLYMERS......Page 371
Chapter 13. Epilogue......Page 378
References......Page 384
Appendix A. Patent Reviews......Page 406
1. The Zosel Patent......Page 408
2. Petroleum and other Fossil Fuels Separations......Page 410
3. Coffee Decaffeination......Page 428
4. Extraction of other Vegetable and Animal Materials......Page 438
5. Polymers Processing......Page 452
6. Separation of Organic-Water Solutions......Page 455
7. Materials Processing......Page 460
8. Miscellaneous......Page 464
Appendix B. Calculating Binary......Page 474
Calculating Ternary......Page 481
Calculating Ternary......Page 489
Calculating Binary......Page 498
Calculating Binary......Page 503
Calculating Polymer-Solvent-Solvent......Page 508
Calculating Polymer-Solvent-Solvent......Page 511
Index......Page 514