Sports Facilities: Leisure and Movement in Urban Space 9783955534974, 9783955534967

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SPORTS FACILITIES Leisure and Movement in Urban Space

Edition ∂

Sandra Hofmeister (Ed.)

4 Sports culture in everyday life Sandra Hofmeister 12 Trends in sports hall construction Roland Pawlitschko 20 Active cities Jakob Schoof

MIXED USE 28 Sports hall with flats in Copenhagen, DK Dorte Mandrup 40 Social housing with two sports halls in Paris, FR AAVP Architecture 50 Canteen with fitness rooms in Gif-sur-Yvette, FR Studio Muoto OUTDOORS 60 Playground and sports ground in ­Copenhagen, DK JAJA Architects 68 Multipurpose building at the Escola Gavina in Valencia, ES Carmel Gradoli, Arturo Sanz, Carmen ­Martinez Arquitectos LIGHT 80 Sports hall in Es Puig d’en Valls, ES MCEA Arquitectura 94 Campus extension in Madrid, ES Estudio Arquitectura Campo Baeza

106 Gymnasium in Chelles, FR LAN Architecture 116 Sports hall in Villach, AT Dietger Wissounig Architekten 128 Sports hall in Bietigheim-Bissingen, DE Auer Weber CONSTRUCTION 140 School sports hall in Zurich, CH Christian Kerez 150 Sports centre in Sargans, CH Hildebrand & Ruprecht Architekten 162 Sports education and training centre ­Mülimatt in Brugg / Windisch, CH Studio Vacchini Architetti 176 Energetic refurbishment of a gym in Berlin, DE ludloff + ludloff Architekten 190 Sports hall in Calais, FR Bureau faceB

APPENDIX 202 Authors Picture credits 203 Project participants 208 Imprint

Sports culture in everyday life

Living, working, recreation and circulation: the Athens Charter (1933) organised the city into separate functional units. Individual urban quarters were to fulfil these functions and be connected with each other by transport axes. As a manifesto for the urban development of modernity, largely formulated by Le Corbusier, the ­Athens Charter drew up guidelines that attracted widespread interest after World War II. To this very day, the planning of post-war modernity, with its functionally separated quarters, characterises many cities and the ­ ­ negative impact is obvious. Mono-­ functional dormitory or ­office districts that are deserted during the day or in the evenings, are a consequence of the function-based urban concept, just as the noisy traffic arteries of the car-friendly city. Since leisure and sports, too, were considered separate functional units, large sports ­facilities or amusement parks were often accommodated in separate areas away from residential and office districts. 4

Sandra Hofmeister

WORK-LIFE BALANCE Though these large sports palaces or leisure complexes from the 1960s and 1970s usually offer a wide range of facilities, they are, from today’s perspective, rather difficult to integrate into the everyday life of the city, since the distances to these sports venues are long. Nevertheless, sport in the 21st century is becoming increasingly important in society. This is supported not only by the mediatisation of major events such as the Olympic Games or the

World Cup but also, and above all, by growing health awareness in the interest of a work-life balance. Sport is om­ nipresent and pervades the everyday life of people in the city. This applies to all age groups and social classes. Compatibility with a usually strictly regulated daily routine, however, plays a decisive role here. Surely it is convenient when the yoga studio around the corner from the office can be visited during the lunch break or when the park for Nordic walking after work is right on the doorstep and if local sports clubs are allowed to use the gyms of the district schools in the immediate vicinity as well. Instead of spatially and functionally separated zones for sport, its connectivity and integration into people’s everyday life is important today. The closer fitness studios, massage therapists or dance classes are to places of

Cultural and Sports Centre Wangari Maathai in Paris: According to Bruther's concept, the uses of the new building are stacked ­vertically. This creates room for outdoor sports grounds despite the urban density of the Saint-Blaise district.

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SPORTS CULTURE IN EVERYDAY LIFE

residence or work, the more likely they are to be attended. For ­architecture and urban planning, this means that smaller sports buildings should be spread across the entire city area. However, especially in densely built-up large cities, this is a planning challenge: in the course of redensification, areas for sports, too, must be found and corresponding spaces created. Commercial premises can be reused for sports activities or already existing halls of municipal facilities converted, so that various users can utilise them for different types of sport. As diverse as the s­ paces for sport, however, are the architectural and planning requirements, which vary depending on the type of sport and location. Architects who conceive and implement these buildings must therefore address the specific requirements and needs in each case. Ultimately, the objective is to integrate the new sports facilities into the respective context and equip them with qualities such as daylight and a spatial ambience, as well as implement acoustically effective mea­ sures. The more pleasant the atmosphere of the facilities, the more readily athletes, too, can enjoy their leisure time. MIXED USE Gyms and library spaces, dance halls, as well as an open-air swimming pool on the roof: the new Sesc 24 de Maio in São ­­Paulo, completed in 2017, stacks its extensive range of cultural, s­ porting and medical facilities on a total of 14 floors. The building, designed by the Brazilian Pritzker Prize laureate Paulo Mendes da Rocha and MMBB ­Arquitetos, is located in the dense and lively business district of the historical centre of the metropolis. Up to 5,000 visitors daily visit the non-profit ­facility of the Serviço Social do Comércio (Sesc), the services of which are aimed at s­ocially disadvantaged families. Young and old people read newspapers and books in the library, participate in the numerous sports 6

classes on the 8th and 9th floors or attend the  evening theatre performance. The successful mixed use was inspired by the conversion of the former barrel factory Sesc Pompéia (1986) by Lina Bo ­Bardi. A ramp in the rear provides access to all floors of the building housing the individual functions. Instead of solely a “sports temple”, as it were, a lively and multilayered sports and cultural ­centre was created here, which is oriented ­towards the specific needs of the people – even including a free-of-charge v ­ isit to the dentist. Mixed-use concepts such as these are adopted because they integrate sports and leisure in the immediate living environment and everyday life of users. Current buildings with similarly complex utilisation concepts, which are at present being created in many places, are models for a new typology with future potential. In Copenhagen, the Danish architect Dorte Mandrup created a hybrid comprising a supermarket, sports areas and flats with her design for Sundbyøster Hall 2. The three different uses of the new building are recognisable in the differentiated facade design (p. 28ff). This example makes clear that sport in an urban environment is turning into a form of usage on a par with retailing, flats or offices. OUTDOOR SPACES Outdoor sports are also possible in the city. In many metropolitan cities, the prerequisites for this have been established for a long time. Beach volleyball players characterise the image of the wide sandy beach of the Copacabana in Rio de Janeiro, while at the famous seafront promenade, which was given a distinctive appearance by R ­ oberto Burle Marx’s floor patterns of ornamental waves, there are stretching bars and other fitness equipment installed at regularly spaced intervals. Those who display their biceps in pull-ups here have, however, usually trained extensively beforehand.

In many cities, lawns or other open spaces, such as sandy spaces between buildings, are used by amateur footballers in an ad hoc manner—as temporary playing fields for the duration of a football match. More recent types of sport such as parkour or skateboarding also occupy open spaces and existing architecture to test daring feats on squares, ramps or staircases, sometimes much to the chagrin of owners. In response to these trend sports, special spaces for outdoor sports are being planned in many cities. The roofs of buildings often provide space for skate parks with ramps, halfpipes or grinds. Volleyball courts and basketball hoops can be integrated into urban green a ­reas, similarly to playgrounds previously. Even a glittering office building, such as the fully glazed Salewa headquarters in Bolzano, designed by the Milanese architects Park Associati, has a public climbing wall on its facade. Here, amateur climbers and professionals can train on 8 spit lines and 22 routes.

CONSTRUCTION TYPES In spite of the new trend sports, classic sports halls still comprise a large proportion of the sports facilities on offer. These are often visible as individual annexes to existing historical school buildings or as separate sports centres in the cityscape, though many seem to have gotten a bit long in the tooth. Other such buildings were conceived as architecturally modest boxes, also with respect to the spatial experience they offer inside. New construction types, in contrast, are leading to the realisation of sophisticated architecture for sports, which can also be implemented with consideration for the costs and the employed construction materials. Lightweight construction methods using timber permit large spans while creating a special ambience in the interior, as in the spacious sports centre in Sargans by Hildebrand & Ruprecht Architects

The skate park in Mérida is also used at night. José Selgas and Lucía Cano designed the Factoriá Joven youth centre as an ensemble of pavilions and open spaces.

The Vertical Gym by Urban-Think Tank accommodates various sports and culture on four floors. The building in a densely populated, poor district of Caracas was inexpensively built from prefabricated elements.

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SPORTS CULTURE IN EVERYDAY LIFE

The Sesc 24 de Maio is a social institution providing ­medical care, culture and sports activities. Also included in the programme is a library and a rooftop pool.

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The building is located in the historical centre of the megacity Sao Paulo. Following the concept of Paulo Mendes da Rocha and MMBB Arquitetos, the uses are stacked on 15 floors.

Swimming pool Swimming area

Changing rooms Garden

Dance Sports area Sports Dental clinic Offices Cultural area

Exhibition hall Library Common spaces Restaurant Management Plaza Theatre

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SPORTS CULTURE IN EVERYDAY LIFE

(p. 150ff). Folded structures made of prefabricated concrete components can exude a sculptural quality, which lends the Mülimatt sports education and training centre in Switzerland by Studio Vacchini Architetti an independent and distinctive appearance (p. 162ff). Special cases, too, such as the Panyaden International School in Thailand are paradigmatic: the 782 m2 large hall was built as a wind-optimised bamboo structure—a local material ­ that  offers many possibilities. Its prefabricated roof framework spans 17 m and was mounted on the construction site with a crane.

­ ampo Baeza, natural light was deciC sive for the selection of materials for the pavilion-like sports hall on the campus of the Francisco de Vitoria University in Madrid. The Spanish architect conceived the sports hall as a two-­ storey “light box”. Fully glazed facades and transparent strips of windows that con­ tinue across the building corners not only scatter daylight into the two white ­multipurpose halls, but also create the impression of a floating building. A delicate load-bearing structure made of painted steel beams lends the light-flooded interior additional lightness (p. 94ff).

LIGHT The more important sporting culture becomes in society, the more likely the requirements for the architecture of sports buildings will grow. The spatial amenity values are therefore being put to the test, with light playing a special role here. While daylight is a rarity in many existing dark halls, it is considered an essential factor today for raising a space’s appeal. For ­ Alberto

ARCHITECTURAL QUALITIES Light and construction types, mixeduse concepts and outdoor options are key points that must be taken into account for current sports buildings. This book presents a total of 15 outstanding sports facilities of recent years that can be considered as models for these challenges. In doing so, however, the focus is not on large sports facilities, such as Olympic or football stadiums, but on smaller-scale sports architecture that integrates into its context—be it in urban space or on the outskirts. Its architects approach each specific building

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task by applying thoughtful concepts as well as deliberately selected materials and construction methods, while not losing sight of the architectural quality of the buildings, which is decisive not only for the urban environment but also for the interior ambience. The individual project examples from various countries in Europe are documented using texts, photos and drawings, as well as construction details in a scale of 1:20. Against the general backdrop of a considerable rise in enthusiasm for sports in recent years, our examples show that convincing solutions can be found for this challenging building task. Sport has arrived at the centre of the city and so have the corresponding sports buildings, which therefore require appropriate concepts.

The sports hall at Höchst / Unterdorf primary school in Vorarlberg by Dietrich I Untertrifaller Architekten is solely a timber construction.

Chiangmai Life Architects planned the bamboo sports hall for the Panyaden International School in Namprae, Thailand. The roof structure spans over 17 metres.

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SPORTS CULTURE IN EVERYDAY LIFE

Trends in sports hall construction

Gone are the times when the term “sports hall” would invariably conjure up an image of a school’s triple gym with the same old playing fields, sports floors and wall bars. Like industrial buildings placed carelessly in the middle of a landscape or, more elegantly, half-­lowered into the ground, these buildings have for a long time shaped our image of sports facilities. Irrespective of whether they were used for school sports, exercise classes after school or sports clubs’ football tournaments on weekends, the user requirements for these halls were as clear as the buildings were typologically uniform. Rule-compliant sports facilities for school sports as well as recreational sports will remain significant in the future too. To this extent and at least for projects in Germany, the relevant rules of the DIN 18032 “Sporthallen – Hallen und Räume für Sport und Mehrzwecknutzung” [“Sports halls— Halls and spaces for sports and multipurpose use”], of the German Olympic 12

Roland Pawlitschko

Sports Confederation (DOSB) or of the Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft (BISp) [Federal Institute for Sports Science] still play an important role. In addition, however, a growing number of less rule-bound sports facilities are being built, where aspects such as social inclusion are more important. The reasons why people do sports are as diverse today as the types of sport and forms of exercise. What’s more, expectations in the age of the leisure economy have grown and building plots in the cities have become scarcer, with the result that unusual building concepts for the construction of new halls are no longer the exception. OPEN-AIR FACILITIES AND OPEN HALLS Since a large proportion of sporting activities take place outdoors, the number of corresponding offers is also growing. A flat lawn in a park, for exam-

ple, is often sufficient for many types of sports-­ related activities. More versatile and thus more permanently usable are, of course, public sports fields, which have standardised ground markings and/or special floorings for popular types of sport. No less important in this context, however, are lighting systems, which enable use in the evenings, or ­ areas with changing rooms, lockers and toilets. The playing surfaces for recreational athletes can extend further when there are covered areas or open halls that protect from sunlight and rain in summer and from snow in winter. One example of such open-air sports fields is the Brooklyn Bridge Park in New York, planned by the landscape architects Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates, the last construction phase of which was opened in 2016. The site, a

New York's Brooklyn Bridge Park is a decommissioned cargo port with six piers with a total area of 34 ha and 2 km in length.

Brooklyn Bridge Park, New York: The steel roofs over the sports areas are from the former warehouses.

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TRENDS IN SPORTS HALL CONSTRUCTION

disused port area on the East River, extends across 34.4 ha and encompasses 6 piers as well as some warehouses. The transformation into a public park landscape has created outdoor areas for many different activities, while simultaneously establishing a new and vibrant relationship between the city and the river. Pier 2 offers a low-threshold range of clearly defined, partly covered areas, which are accessible completely informally and free of charge. With spectacular views of the Manhattan skyline, people of all ages and walks of life meet here to play basketball, handball or bocce, to go skating on the rink or to relax in an area with an artificial lawn, swings and picnic tables. The dense rows of steel roofs covering the sports fields are not new but come from the ­former warehouses. The site at Pier 5, on an area of 2 ha, is covered with an artificial lawn and can be used for various types of sport from 6 am to 11 pm, such as football, lacrosse, rugby, cricket or frisbee. The sports fields are surrounded by an unobtrusive net that catches misdirected balls, while a lighting system permits use after dark. SPECIFIC USES The more specific the sporting activities are, the more specific the buildings become. Hence, in certain cases, the realisation of rule-compliant facil­ities may form less of a focus than creating a certain atmosphere. In the arch­ ery hall in Tokyo, the objective was to build a space for kyudo, the traditional Japanese art of archery. In functional terms, the 7.20 × 10.80 m large, column-free space provides weather and glare protection for the athletes, who, from here, shoot at a target exactly 28 m away. What was more significant for the building design, however, were the ceremonial movement patterns and the great craftsmanship of both the bamboo bow and the bamboo arrows. 14

For the roof, therefore, the firm FT ­ rchitects, together with the engineers A of Shuji Tada, developed delicate mullions of Japanese cypress wood. Within a grid of 60 × 60 × 60 cm, four vertically bundled wooden rods with a cross section of 36 × 36 mm were connected – via narrow boards on both sides – to rafters, which in turn consist of two narrow boards. These triangular frames with firmly screwed cross sections are arranged in a row and connected by thin rods along the building’s longitudinal direction. The result is a spatial load-bearing structure, which – in its rigorous lightness – appears just as elegant as the festively clad archers. FACADES RELEVANT TO THE URBAN FABRIC Triple sports halls halfway lowered into the ground and with adjacent ­ single halls are – due to their small building height – only of limited suitability as space-defining built volumes in an urban context. However, as sports halls are increasingly being built in dense inner-­city surroundings and on spatially confined plots, it is essential that they present themselves as structures that naturally fit into the urban fabric. For this purpose, alternative building concepts with new spatial configurations are needed, particularly including confidently designed facades that create a strong urbanistic presence. An 18 m high, widely visible, freestanding building by the firm h4a Gessert + Randecker Architekten houses the rule-compliant triple sports hall of the Kepler Gymnasium and the Humboldt Gymnasium [Kepler and Humboldt secondary schools] in Ulm. The typologically unusual building emerged on the basis of a competition guideline that required the sports areas, along with identical changing rooms and ancillary spaces, to be stacked on top of each

other due to space constraints. More­ over, this guideline is based on the site’s proximity to the old building of the district court of Ulm, which made an appropriately representative facade solution necessary; both buildings are considered building blocks for the urban development project “Zukunftskonzept Innenstadt 2020”, which successively integrates new residential neighbourhoods, cultural and educational buildings into the city centre. The architects designed the sports building with a shell of white aluminium fins, mounted with 30°, 60° and 90° twists, over a thermal insulation composite system facade with triple glazing. Depending on their position, the fins permit either clear or fragmented views of the solid structure behind or the strips of windows, creating a homogeneous, mystically shimmering external impression. The building’s function is not immediately discernible from the outside. Conversely, the fins serve the purpose of specifically directing light into the interior of the space and providing sun protection for the sports areas. Only the entrance area is left out of the envelope of fins. TIMBER AS LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURAL MATERIAL As in almost all other building typologies, including high-rise construction, the importance of timber as a building material is also increasing in the case of sports halls. It is a light, sustain­ able material with a positive ecological balance, which can be easily worked and cost-effectively prefabricated and which, moreover, has a positive impact on acoustics and the indoor climate. For this reason, timber is increasingly being used in sports halls, both for the interior furnishings and the load-bearing structure. The 28 × 30 m large double gym with low-energy standard built by ­Dietrich

Differently inclined pyramids in the fields of the roof structure illuminate the sports hall in Klaus by Dietrich I Untertrifaller Architekten.

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TRENDS IN SPORTS HALL CONSTRUCTION

The River Building in Sanaa's Grace Farms Sanctuary park in New Canaan, Connecticut, appears as dematerialised architecture with flowing transitions to the landscape.

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Layout plan of River Building

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The sports hall forms the end point of the River Building whose roof connects open areas and glazed facades.

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TRENDS IN SPORTS HALL CONSTRUCTION

Untertrifaller Architekten in the  municipality of Klaus in Vorarlberg was conceived as part of a middle school also built in timber by the same architects ten years earlier. The external walls have a timber-frame structure, while the interior walls of the sports hall are clad in birch plywood. The distinctive feature of the hall are the 56 differently sloped, light pyramids in the 4 × 4 m large sections of the roof’s load-bearing structure. The light pyramids are also clad in plywood, which is partly perforated for acoustic reasons. The asymmetrical skylights create a lively hall ceiling, permitting balanced and glare-free lighting of the sports area, while simultaneously concealing the girder grid comprising high glued-laminated timber beams. This grid, the actual load-bearing structure of the roof, is clearly visible after dark, when the ball-proof lamps mounted flush with its underside light up the space. A mobile dividing wall is installed in between the glued-laminated timber beams in the centre of the building. Creating an impression of lightness doesn’t always succeed as easily as in the case of the gym in Klaus, in view of the large spans particularly inherent in sports halls. When using unclad single-span girders, for example, these may quickly appear rather bulky due to the statically required construction height. For the roof of the River Building in the park of the Grace Farms Foundation Centre in New Canaan, Connecticut, SANAA developed a hybrid load-bearing structure of timber and steel of a very lightweight appearance. The roof’s structure consists of delicate, longitudinal steel columns and beams, on which slender, up to 30 m long, glued-laminated timber beams rest in a transverse direction. To cope with the large span of the single sports hall, which is used as a multipurpose space, the beams have steel tension rods. Positioning the ceiling not on top of but in the lower area between the beams enhances the im18

pression of lightness and a dematerialised architecture that creates smooth transitions to the gently rolling landscape. NEW TYPOLOGIES, NEW PROCESSES In recent years, sports facilities have become ever more complex, diverse and hybrid. Hence, they are no longer realised only by architects specialising in these buildings but increasingly by generalists who can combine the rules of sports facility construction with social trends. The combination of spaces for sports and culture has already been common for a long time, especially in the form of multipurpose halls. Due to an increasing scarcity of inner-city building plots and the overlap of different interests, sports venues as well as unusual operating models are, in the meanwhile, also emerging in further variants. An example of this is the office building “Archimède” by the architectural firm Brenac & Gonzalez in the Parisian neighbourhood of Bercy: the basement of the north-eastern part of the building houses the two-storey Althea ­Gibson Gym, which is lit by large windows facing the road. Conceived as an integral architectural part of the 14,500 m² new building, it is nevertheless entirely self-contained with respect to circulation, utilities and operation. The sports hall is owned by the city, which had stipulated in the architectural competition that the in­ vestor of the office spaces also build a sports hall for the neighbouring school here. The 20 × 30 m large and 7 m high sports hall is used by the pupils as well as some sports clubs. These e ­nable ­recreational ­athletes to play ­badminton, basketball or handball, for example, for an hourly fee. ­Employees of the offices directly above, which are protected from noise by an acoustically highly effective insulating layer, are not given preferential treatment for the ­

­ llocation of courts. This unusual moda el, with the city as public operator, permits non-commercial integration of an other­wise rather anonymous office building with the people in the quarter. SUSTAINABLE USE Irrespective of the construction, lighting or selection of materials and ­whether the sports areas are built within or outside of buildings, in a natural setting or in the city, the more attractive they are, the more intensively and lastingly, and hence more sustainably, they are used. Apart from required efforts to reduce resource consumption and operational costs, as in all other building tasks, rule-compliant planning is generally becoming less important when it comes to building sports venues today. Rather, the focus is on societal and social aspects, the development of project and user-specific solutions, the handling of new planning procedures, as well as entirely new forms of collaboration and partnerships.

FT Architects planned the space for traditional archery in Tokyo with a delicate spatial framework made of Japanese cypress.

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TRENDS IN SPORTS HALL CONSTRUCTION

Jakob Schoof

Active Cities

The port of Copenhagen has an unusual new sports attraction: On the roof of the Amager Resource Centre waste incineration plant, Bjarke Ingels’ architectural firm BIG together with the US ski resort planner International Alpine Design, have created one of the first open-air ski slopes in an urban area. Thanks to artificial snow mats, the slope is intended to be used all year round. At the highest point of the building, an 80-metre high climbing wall leads up to the roof. With their design, the architects have cleverly picked up on a tendency that has been emerging in Europe for some time. Sport and exercise are no longer just taking place in indoor facilities or on dedicated, enclosed sports fields, but are increasingly encroaching upon 20

urban space. In some cases, traditional typologies of use such as river bathing are experiencing a renaissance. Trend sports events such as mountain bike obstacle courses or street basketball tournaments also attract the masses in city centres and major city parks around the world. The Dutch urban researcher, Vincent Kompier and the Portuguese urban planner, Daniel Casas Valle have been researching the changing significance of sport in urban centres for years. They have observed three dimensions of the current development: individualisation, increased health awareness and integration into everyday life. Traditional sports clubs attract fewer and fewer people; instead, city dwellers are increasingly organising their sporting­ activities themselves. For this purpose, they desire easily accessible facilities close to their home. In a survey in Ham-

burg in 2010, for example, nature (31.7 % of all sporting activities) and streets (12.9 %) were the most ­frequently cited places for sports and exercise. Sports halls accounted for only 10 % and swimming pools for 8.5 % of sporting activity. The increasing health and fitness orientation of society is also reflected in its preferred sports. Despite the recent surge in trend sports, running, cycling, swimming and fitness training clearly dominate the list of preferences. Football was the first team sport to follow in sixth place in the Hamburg survey.

Israel’s Plads in Copenhagen by Cobe and Sweco Architects offers sporting facilities in the heart of the city. A fenced double basketball court and a small skateboard bowl form the heart of the complex. There are two cascades of seating steps and the entrances to the subterranean car park at the corners of the square.

The ‘calcio fiorentino’, a precursor to modern football (below), has its roots in 15th century Florence. To this day, a football match is held in front of the Church of Santa Croce on the 24 June each year. 27 players per team compete against each other on a temporarily fenced field.

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ACTIVE CITIES

The Youth Factory in Merida by selgascano offers space for changing indoor and outdoor activities under its red plastic roof. A skateboard bowl and a climbing wall are an integral part of the programme.

Completed in 2014, the Street Dome in Haderslev, Denmark is part of a 4,500 m2 skateboard park designed by C ­ ebra ­Architecture and the landscape architects Glifberg + Lykke, who are managed by the former world-class skater Rune ­Glifberg. Inside the hall are another skateboard bowl, a climbing wall and a basketball court.

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Three quarters (77 %) of the respondents said that their motive for fitness and health is the decisive factor in their sports activities. Only 28 % declared their motivation as being the desire to be with others. Many cities are now doing their utmost to promote the fitness trend because they recognise the financial benefits of saving on health care costs. For example, the New York City Council adopted its Active Design Guidelines in 2010, a handbook for the health-­ promoting design of public spaces and buildings. The suggested measures range from the creation of pedestrian and bicycle-­ friendly street space to the proposal to open school playgrounds for after school and weekend play. In their summary, the authors compare today’s challenge with that at the end of the 19th century, when light and air in cities were supposed to prevent epi­ demics such as tuberculosis. Today, cycle paths and walking trails are said to have a similar effect against obesity and cardiovascular disease. But all this has been seen before! Even ancient cultures had a differentiated repertoire of sports and associated venues. Sport was used for the practice of armed conflicts (e. g. during riding, shooting and fencing) or purely as a leisure pastime. It was also part of cult rituals such as a ball game, for which the Mayan people of Mexico created elaborate facilities in their jungle towns. Even a civilian fitness culture was anchored in classical Greek philosophy. The educational ideal of kalokagathia (which can be roughly translated into English as ‘moral goodness’) strived for a virtuous person in a healthy, well-formed body, anticipating the Latin expression mens sana in corpore sano, or ‘a healthy mind in a healthy body’. The Greeks knew four types of sports facilities for competitions and physical exercise: the gymnasium as a training and competition area for gymnastics, the palaestra for martial arts, the stadium for running competitions and 23

the hippodrome for horse and carriage races. Temporary sports facilities in the city also have a long tradition. From 1530 onwards, an early form of football was practiced in Florence on a temporary playing field in front of the church of Santa Croce. At 50 × 100 m, this was almost the standard size, but the teams of 27 players each (including 17 strikers) were far bigger. The relatively large ball was manoeuvred with the hands, as well as with the feet. With its prudishness and general aversion to the human body, the baroque period marked a turning point in the development of European sport and sporting facilities. Since the end of the 18th century, however, physical activity has been encouraged once again – both as a social lubricant in society and as a means of promoting public health. In 1811, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn opened the first gymnastics arena in Berlin, which was not only used for gymnastics in today’s sense but also for climbing, steeplechases and various athletic disciplines. In Great Britain, on the other hand, competition dominated the development of sport. Cricket, rugby and modern football emerged in the 19th century and the first rowing regattas also took place. All of this however does not mean that sport was simply practiced in public spaces. It remained tied to specific locations or special occasions. This tendency was reinforced in the 20th century under the influence of the Athens Charter. After World War II, sports facilities increasingly shifted to the outskirts of the city. Their use was strictly regulated and often limited to members of sports clubs. In most cases, football pitches and sports halls were only utilised for a few hours per day – as is still the case today. Opening them up to new user groups is one of the major challenges. In addition, new, often very small-scale areas for sports and games should be created in inner-city areas. Thirdly, modern sports facilities need to be developed for new urban expansions.

These concepts will have to be different from the football/athletics/ multi-purpose hall typologies of earlier days. Beach volleyball, climbing, skateboarding and parkour are some of the most popular sports today. However, the creation of permanent facilities for these purposes is faced with an inherent risk: no one really knows which sport trends will remain popular. For example, while the rollerblading nights in Europe’s cities were still attracting the masses ten years ago, many of them have since been discontinued due to a lack of sponsors and public interest. A PERMANENT TREND AND A RENAISSANCE However, the conclusion should not be that sport trends could be satisfied with short-lived, makeshift installations. This is illustrated by the history of skateboard parks. The first commercially operated facilities were built in the USA in the mid-1960s. Twenty years later, the skaters increasingly appropriated public space and more and more municipalities began to build public skateboard parks. However, the structures made of plywood and HPL panels proved not to be very durable and soon began to disintegrate. Today, successful skateboard parks are usually made of concrete and are designed as one-of-a-kind facilities by specialists. There are two different typologies: In street skateboarding, the skaters use stairs, railings and flights of steps for their tricks. Such structures are also being rebuilt in skateboard parks; the space required for this is comparatively small. Transition skateboarding, on the other hand, takes place in bowls, quarter and half-pipes. The aim of planning such facilities is to create a course that is as fluid and varied as possible. Space ­requirements and costs are significantly higher than with the street style version. ACTIVE CITIES

While skateboarding only emerged 50 years ago, Europe’s river and harbour bathing facilities are a centuries-old typology that is experiencing a renaissance. In 1760, the first bathing terrace moored on the Seine in Paris opened to the public. In the following 20 years, bathing establishments on rivers and along riverbanks were also established in German cities. River bathing facilities reached their peak at the beginning of the 20th century. Soon afterwards, however, water pollution made swimming in rivers unattractive, if not even harmful to health. In 1923, bathing in the Seine was banned in Paris. An important centre of the current river bathing renaissance is Basel – the same city which, in 1986, experienced the worst environmental catastrophe in  the River Rhine. The fire in a warehouse on the Sandoz site caused 30 tonnes of chemicals to be washed into the Rhine. However, the improved water quality has made the river bathing area popular again since the 1990s. The last two Rhine spas, St. Johann and Breite, which survived the 20th century have been renovated and reopened under the aegis of private development associations. Despite improved water quality, river bathing is still not possible everywhere. Mixed sewer systems, such as those in Berlin, pose a particular problem. Berlin only provides one common sewer system for  domestic wastewater and rainwater. This can overflow in heavy rainfall and hundreds of cubic metres of untreated wastewater flow into the rivers. Nevertheless, a non-profit private initiative now aims to build a river pool between the Berlin Cathedral and Museum Island in the centre of the city. This has already attracted a great deal of media attention in the concept phase. At first, a planted gravel filter will clean the contaminated water over a length of about 300 metres. The water then enters the actual swimming pool, which is about 750 metres long. The river pool project has received a total of four mil24

lion euros in funding from the federal and state governments since 2014. The initiators hope to be able to complete it by 2025. HOW INTEGRATION SUCCEEDS In growing cities, the pressure on public open spaces is increasing. Sport and other functions must  therefore be skilfully combined with each other  in order to make the areas attractive for a wide range of users for as many hours as possible. In addition to functionally optimised areas for games and sports, there is always a need for free space for unplanned appropriation by city dwellers. The German sports scientist Robin Kähler maintains: “There is planning ‘from above’ and a planning ‘from below’”. For example, if you want to reconcile the two, you can use the eleven planning criteria of the US-American, non-profit ‘Project for Public Spaces’ as a guide. They rely on involving the expertise of local residents in planning and bringing clubs, schools, museums and other institutions on board as partners. The connection between public spaces and adjacent public buildings (sports halls or ­ community centres) can create synergies of use. There is no need to fear multiple uses, particularly in space-constrained situations. Furthermore, diverse sports such as basketball and skateboarding can share the same area if it is adequately designed and  dimensioned. The challenges are becoming even more complex where, in addition to organised and unorganised everyday sport, larger sporting events are also staged. Munich, for example, placed its 1972 Olympic Park under the management of a subsidiary, which is primarily intended to generate income from sporting events. In recent years, cross-country, steeplechases and company runs, 24-hour mountain bike races, the unofficial world champion­ship of the extreme sports ‘X Games’ and an annual city triathlon have taken place

there. Questionable highlights included a DTM car race inside the Olympic Stadium and a FIS World Cup ski race on a slope of only 200 metres in the park, which had to be cancelled three times within five years due  to lack of snow. With such spectator events, the  city hopes to attract new, especially younger ­target groups to the park. If exaggerated, however, there is a risk of conflict with those citizens who use  the green spaces for recreation and their own sporting activities. Ultimately, the following applies in Munich and elsewhere: Occasion­ al spectacles can enliven public spaces and broaden their appeal. In the long run, however, the success of playgrounds and sports facilities is determined by whether they offer a wide range of products and services to the widest possible range of users. As future forms of activity and trend sports are hard to predict, the project for public spaces should ­always adhere to a guiding principle in its planning, which the ‘Project for Public Spaces’ also records in its eleven ­ criteria: A public space is never really ‘finished’; it will have to evolve over time.

River bathing is also experiencing a renaissance in Zurich. In 2012, the architects Gut & Schoep renovated the Oberer ­Letten river pool, a facility dating from 1952. The concrete platforms were restored to their original condition and more recent extensions were removed.

The Canal Swimmer’s Club by Atelier Bow-Wow and Architectuur­atelier Dertien 12 in Bruges was short-lived. The temporary bathing platform in an inner-city canal was a contribution to the ­Triennial for Contemporary Art 2015 and was dismantled after the event.

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MIXED USE

Sports hall with flats in Copenhagen

Living, shopping and doing sports under a single roof—the Sundbyøster Hall 2 in the Amager neighbourhood combines these three functions in an unconventional manner. A supermarket, a sports hall and penthouse flats have been stacked on top of each other, forming a large hybrid with a nuanced design. In doing so, the different uses remain clearly discernible: the supermarket is located on the ground floor and above it is the sports hall, whose red facade elements take up the colour of the neighbouring brick buildings, while the twelve aluminium-clad penthouses, spanning the entire breadth ­ of the building, are positioned on top. The sports hall forms the core of the complex and extends the range of sports and ­recreation activities for the children of the neighbouring ­Sundbyøster school while it can also be used by sports clubs on afternoons and evenings. The hall and flats have a common entrance area on the eastern side. The stairs and seating steps lead across the brightly lit space and up to the changing rooms, the hall and the stand. The latter is located on the front side, since the playing field occupies almost the entire width of the plot. The gymnastics hall, glazed to full height on two sides and housed above the changing rooms, is accessed via the stand. The sports hall, measuring 20 × 40 × 9 m, is a light-flooded space that is visually connected to the street life thanks to large corner glazing. To ensure that daylight can enter as glare-free as possible, the facade elements are sloped: 28

Dorte Mandrup

on their inner sides, they reflect and scatter the light into the hall through the full-height glazed slits between the elements. The sports hall and the supermarket were prescribed in the space allocation plan, while other functions were optional, though limited by the small plot and the maximum building height. The Copenhagen-based architect Dorte Mandrup, who developed this usage combination for the public-private partnership project in cooperation with an investor, was only able to realise the residential floor by integrating the hall beams on the penthouse level. Hence, the 2.80 m high and 20 cm thick in-situ concrete beams, with their span of 24 m, simultaneously form cross-walls and dividing walls for the flats. The resulting 24 m long and only 5 m wide flats are accessed by an arcade along the southern facade. Here, small, wood-panelled cubes form semi-private entrance areas. The courtyards, centrally cut into the penthouses, bring daylight into the deep and narrow floor plan. The two-storey dining and living area is additionally lit by elevated, room-wide ribbon windows. More­ over, the gallery and the south-facing roof terrace extend the living area by a second level. In order to meet the high sound insulation requirements in housing construction, the sports hall had to be acoustically decoupled. This resulted in the creation of a diverse and lively urban building block that encourages synergies without the uses disturbing each other. MIXED USE

29

SPORTS HALL WITH FLATS IN COPENHAGEN, DK

Location Copenhagen, DK Completion 2015 Construction period 18 months

Programme / Functions Ground floor: shops / supermarket First floor: sports hall, activity hall Second floor: housing

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 62.00 × 27.00 × 8,30 m

Structure The 2,800 mm high and 200 mm thick in-situ concrete beams are monolithically connected to a 180 mm thick in-situ concrete slab over the hall and also serve as ­dividing walls between the dwellings. In order to reduce sound transmission, the floors of the dwellings were executed as floated screeds on a 25 mm layer of insulation, separated from the walls by insulating strips.

Use for sports facilities The sports hall spans two floors and is adaptable to accommodate different styles and sizes of events and sports such as badminton, tennis, basketball, football or soccer. Grandstand with approx. 100 seats.

Lighting Natural light and artificial light for the sports area Ventilation Centralised system for retail and sports hall, decentralised systems for each housing unit. Heat recovery for all units.

Site plan scale 1:6000 1 2 3 4

Sundbyøster Hall 2 Sundbyøster School Existing sports hall Sundbyøster Square 1

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MIXED USE

Sections Floor plans F scale 1:750 1 Supermarket 2 Residents’ parking 3 Access to sports hall and dwellings 4 Sports hall 5 Mechanical services 6 Steps for sitting 7 Store 8 Changing room 9 Void 10 Gym 11 Access balcony 12 Bedroom 13 Kitchen / Dining area 14 Courtyard 15 Living area 16 Gallery

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SPORTS HALL WITH FLATS IN COPENHAGEN, DK

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Vertical section Sports hall – supermarket Horizontal sections scale 1:20 1 22 mm tongue-and-groove pine boarding with red glazed finish, fire-retardant 20/40 mm battens 2 prefabricated element: 8 mm fibre-cement sheeting wood trusses with thermal insulation between 10 mm plywood vapour barrier 15 mm plasterboard 3 262/60/7 mm figured glass, inner face sandblasted, with air cavity 9 mm pressed mineral-wool slab 145 mm sheet-steel supporting structure mineral-wool thermal insulation 4 floor construction in dwellings: 25 mm oak single strip parquet, oiled 100 mm heating screed 100 + 150 mm extruded polystyrene insulation 180 mm reinforced concrete floor, post-tensioned 100 mm mineral-wool acoustic insulation 5 suspended acoustic soffit: 20 mm trazepoidal-section steel 33 % perforations 40 mm mineral-wool sound insulation 80 mm s­ ervices cavity 2× 12.5 mm gypsum plasterboard 6 floor construction in sports hall: 2 mm vinyl flooring; 2× 9 mm plywood foil layer 15 mm impact-absorbing mat 50 mm screed vapour barrier 200 mm reinforced concrete floor, post-tensioned 7 1.5 mm anodised-aluminium sheeting 8 triple glazing in aluminium frame 9 500/400 mm reinf. concrete column, post-tensioned

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1 triple glazing in alum. frame: 2× 8 mm ­toughened glass + 9.5 mm lam. safety glass + 2× 14 mm c ­ avities 2 escape hatch: 2: 1.5 mm sheet alum. 50 mm ­thermal insulation 1.5 mm sheet alum. in alum. frame 3 200/2,800/24,200 mm reinf. conc. beam over sports hall/dividing wall between dwellings, ­post-tensioned 4 25 mm oak single strip parquet, oiled 100 mm heating screed 250 mm XPS insulation 180 mm reinf. concrete floor, post-tensioned 5 1.5 mm anodised-alum. sheeting 25 mm battens 300 mm mineral wool 100 mm reinf. concrete wall 6 bituminous roof sealing layer 250 –290 mm PIR thermal insulation foil 180 mm reinf. concrete roof 7 22/115 mm untreated Sipo mahogany boarding 6/8 mm battens 25 mm counterbattens    300 mm mineral wool 100 mm reinf. concrete 8 lifting-sliding door with triple glazing in wood and aluminium frame

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SPORTS HALL WITH FLATS IN COPENHAGEN, DK

Social housing with two sports halls in Paris

The mixed-use project in Paris combines 69 social housing flats and two public sports halls. The uniqueness of the mixed use, comprising housing and recreational sports, is also reflected in its sculpturally designed facade: large, wood-clad loggias appearing like boxes stacked on top of each other make a distinctive mark in the heterogeneous quarter between Gare de l’Est and Canal Saint-Martin. The L-shaped, six-storey building occupies the corner of a perimeter block development. A sports hall and a dance studio are located below the longer wing and are largely lowered into the ground. From the outside, this use is not immediately visible, since the facades on the ground floor have white metal lattices positioned in front of them. The shell, which appears like a delicately woven fabric, serves as sun protection for the extensive glazing of the halls. At the same time, it protects athletes from prying eyes. The delicate screen integrates both the access to the flats at the corner of the building as well as the approach to the underground car park in the northern part of the building and the entrance to the sports area in the eastern part. This widens into a glazed foyer from which both halls are directly viewable. In the central area, a spacious, single-flight staircase leads down to the changing rooms and hall entrances in the basement. Continuous ribbon windows on both 40

AAVP Architecture

f­acades allow daylight to enter the halls and provide visual contact with the street level and the courtyard. In the 565 m2 large sports hall, the suspended ceiling again takes up the motif of the ­metal facade, lending the space elegance and lightness. White wooden slats in a finely striped pattern cover the walls. The niches between the reinforced concrete columns are likewise clad in wood and incorporate a bench. The 158 m2 dance and gymnastics hall, with a parquet floor and a mirrored wall, is also enclosed by a wall cladding of wooden slats, in vibrant contrast to the brightly red painted underside of the ceiling. Reinforced concrete frames span the 17 m wide halls and also support the six residential floors above. The flats are setthrough, with each unit having an up to 1.20 m, 1.50 m or 2 m, deep loggia facing the road, which is—rather unusually for ­Paris—clad in larch wood. The flats on the first floor above the hall use its ceiling for a large, courtyard-facing terrace. The communicative centre and core of the project is the courtyard, with its remarkably spacious entrances to the flats. External staircases, walkways and arcades not only provide individual access to the respective units—in their sequencing of semi-public to semi-private areas, they also offer diverse visual links and meeting points for the residents. MIXED USE

41

SOCIAL HOUSING WITH TWO SPORTS HALLS IN PARIS, FR

Location Paris, France Completion 2016 Construction period 28 months

Programme / Functions Gym and dance hall 69 units of social housing

Dimensions of the sports hall(s) (l × w × h) Gym: 31 × 17 m Dance hall: 17 × 9.30 m

Structure Reinforced concrete (columns, beams, shear walls, framework spanning the halls and foundation plate) to support the housing units upon the sports facilities; exterior insulating systems; steel walkways to access the housing units

Use Gym: basketball, badminton, handball, volleyball Dance hall: all types of dance Grandstand with 50 seats

Lighting Natural and artificial lighting Ventilation Double flow system

Site plan scale 1:2500

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Sections scale 1:500 Floor plans scale 1:750 1 Entrance to dwellings 2 Entrance to sports hall 3 Access to basement garage 4 Bicycles / Prams 5 Kitchenette 6 Discussion space 7 Office 8 Void over sports hall 9 Void over dance hall 10 4-room flat 11 3-room flat 12 2-room flat 13 1-room flat 14 5-room maisonette 15 3-room maisonette 16 4-room maisonette

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SOCIAL HOUSING WITH TWO SPORTS HALLS IN PARIS, FR

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Axonometric projections 1 Main access to dwellings 2 Dwellings: circulation 3 3-room flat 4 2-room flat 5 5-room maisonette dwelling 6 3-room maisonette dwelling 7 Loggia 8 Basement garage access 9 Sports hall 10 Basement garage

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SOCIAL HOUSING WITH TWO SPORTS HALLS IN PARIS, FR

Canteen with fitness rooms in Gif-sur-Yvette

In this project, various functions are condensed into a building and stacked on top of each other: the architects of the ­Paris-based firm Muoto call their distinctive hybrid building “Public Condenser”, which serves as a recreational sports complex and a community facility for the new university of Paris-­ Saclay. While the campus is still under construction, numerous institutes and high-tech firms have for years been located in the research cluster in the south-west of the metropolis. On the southern edge of the site, in between faculty buildings and a student hostel, the transparent building reveals its exceptional functional mix at first sight. On a total floor area of 4,000 m2, it combines indoor and outdoor spaces for sports activities as well as gastronomic offers. The uses are stacked on top of each other, forming an open, inviting building. On the ground floor and the second floor, the cuboid-shaped volume houses a cafeteria and a canteen that are open to students and researchers but also to the employees of the surrounding firms; the large kitchen is also located on the second floor. The level in between accommodates technical areas and a large, covered platform that functions as an open space and public area. This is a meeting place where—protected from the rain and the sun—one can also play table football, for example. The two gyms with changing rooms are housed on the third floor, offering the possibility for doing sports in any weather. Finally, the flat roof above has been designed as an outdoor playing field; here, the two basketball courts, with a total area of 480 m2, are enclosed by high safety fences. 50

Studio Muoto

The sports facilities are freely accessible and can be used day and night, while the canteen and cafeteria are only open at certain times. For this reason, the centrally placed, open staircase provides separate access to the different areas, enabling the activities to take place independently of one another. The main load-bearing structure consists of a wide-span reinforced concrete skeleton in a 6.90 × 8.80 m grid, into which the different spatial volumes have been inserted like in a shelving system: on the eastern side, the two-storey, glazed volume of the canteen; on the ground floor, the recessed office spaces and technical rooms as well as the cafeteria, with a covered terrace in front. Here, a room-high sliding glass system connects the inside and the outside. The interior spaces are characterised by the exposed concrete of the ceiling panels and the skeleton structure, with its slender in-situ concrete columns and prefabricated joists. The staircase has been designed as a light steel structure, with steps consisting of steel planks used in scaffolding. The simple construction and the unpretentious, robust materials, deliberately dispensing with elaborate details and cladding, were partly determined by the limited budget; at the same time, it allowed the architects to demonstrate their approach that attractive spaces for collaborative activities and a high flexibility of use can be realised even with limited funding. MIXED USE

51

CANTEEN WITH FITNESS ROOMS IN GIF-SUR-YVETTE, FR

Location Campus Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, FR

Programme / Functions University restaurant, cafeteria, indoor and outdoor sport

Completion 2016

Structure Concrete structure, precast beams and columns

Construction period 15 months

Lighting 24h building: natural lighting during the day; additional artificial lighting in the evening or at night

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) Total roof surface: 47.00 × 21.00 m Each sports field 20.00 × 10.00 m Height of net structure: 7.00 m Use Basketball, fitness, dance, cardio training

Ventilation Natural ventilation and double-flow

Site plan scale 1:2000

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11 Floor plans Sections scale 1:500 1 Administration 2 Changing rooms 3 Deliveries/Store 4 Open passageway/ Bicycle racks 5 Cafeteria 6 Kitchen 7 Catering service 8 Loggia 9 Canteen 10 Basketball court 11 Heating chamber 12 Mechanical services

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CANTEEN WITH FITNESS ROOMS IN GIF-SUR-YVETTE, FR

Participants in the Berlin Flussbad-Pokal, a river swimming competition adjacent to the Bode Museum, an annual event at Flussbad Berlin in the Kupfergraben.

OUTDOOR

Playground and sports ground in Copenhagen

The development of a new urban district in the former Nord­ havn harbour district of Copenhagen where up to 80,000 ­people will live and work in the future was begun in 2012. The already completed Århusgade quarter in the city-facing southern area is a relatively dense development with a floor-space index of 1.8. In order to create spaces for sports and play, one of the most unusual facilities in the Danish capital was built: a freely accessible, public recreation ground on the roof of an eight-storey car park. At a height of 24 m, and with a sweeping view of the harbour and the Øresund, residents and visitors, children and adults can meet on the roof terrace whose nuanced design invites people to a sporty workout in the open, a relaxing swing or lively trampolining. For the Copenhagen-based JAJA Architects firm, the objective was, on the one hand, to establish the roof area as an attractive location in the district and to make it easily accessible; on the other hand, the architects attached special importance to integrating the high-volume building into the heterogeneous neighbourhood by creating structured and diversely designed facades. A light, permeable shell of expanded metal covers the car park and the supermarket integrated on the ground floor. It is given a rhythm by offset concrete troughs, whose lush vegetation enlivens the large surfaces. Distinctive cascading stairs lead along the outside of the northern and southern ­facades up to the parking levels and on to the flat roof. 60

JAJA Architects

­ raphic friezes made of punched out corten steel sheet acG company the flights of stairs and illustrate the emergence of the quarter. The colour scheme of the building also references the context: the rust-red pigmentation of the reinforced concrete load-bearing structure and the plant troughs, as well as the red hue of the steel elements, refer to the historical port structures made of brick. Red tones in different nuances also predominate on the roof surface, contrasted by planted islands that line the 2,400 m2 plot. The architects planned the outdoor facility in collaboration with the Danish sports association. It is subdivided into different circular areas with a rubber granulate covering. Apart from climbing poles and bars for fitness training, there is also a 60 m track extending along the southern side. A large climbing frame has been installed in the centre, while trampolines have been lowered into the ground next to it, which are surrounded by swings of all kinds. Benches and seating niches invite people to linger. Only the climbing spiral was manufactured by a play equipment manufacturer, all other elements were individually welded from profiled steel tubing. The space-defining, red-painted steel construction, which extends across the roof in sweeping curves, structures the ­individual areas while simultaneously serving as frame for climbing poles, swings and creeper cables. The circumferential railing with fall protection comprising vertical steel rods is visually so delicate that it permits first glimpses of the activity from below. OUTDOOR

61

PLAYGROUND AND SPORTS GROUND IN COPENHAGEN, DK

Location Copenhagen, DK Completion 2016 Construction period 15 months

Programme / Functions Ground floor: supermarket and recycling station Eight-storey car park building with green facade Rooftop: activity landscape Structure Prefabricated concrete structure with a cladding of pre-weathered expanded metal Rooftop (sports ground and play area): rubber granulate flooring Fitness appliances: steel tube sections

Dimensions of the sports ground (l × w × h) 62.10 m length (north) / 72.88 m length (south); 34.80 m width (The southern side is longer than the northern side.) 2,349 m2 in total Use CrossFit equipment, 60 m running track, jungle gyms, ball court, swings, trampolines. In planning the complex, the architects worked closely with the Danish sports association, DGI, which also instructs residents as trainers.

Lighting As the sports ground and play area are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, there is additional artificial lighting at night and a stair handrail with integrated LED lighting up to the roof. Ventilation Natural ventilation

Site plan scale 1:8000

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OUTDOOR

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PLAYGROUND AND SPORTS GROUND IN COPENHAGEN, DK

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PLAYGROUND AND SPORTS GROUND IN COPENHAGEN, DK

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Vertical sections Horizontal section scale 1:20 1 88.9 mm Ø steel tube 2 42.4 mm Ø steel tube, painted 3 4 mm Ø stainless steel wire cable 4 10 mm steel base plate 5 12 mm rubber granulate covering 60–90 mm loose rubber granules 10–400 mm gravel 10–15 mm asphalt covering bitumen sheeting seal 100 mm concrete top layer 60 mm precast r. c. slab element 170–210/450 mm precast r. c. beam 6 30 mm asphalt bitumen sheeting seal 7 8/250 mm pre-weathered flat steel 8 70–250 mm extensive roof ­planting 6 mm filter fleece 40 mm drainage and water ­retention layer 6 mm root protection mat 10 –15 mm asphalt bitumen sheeting 100 mm concrete top layer 60 mm precast r. c. slab element 170–210/450 mm precast reinforced concrete beam 9 42.4 mm Ø steel tube handrail, painted 10 21.3 mm Ø steel tube railing ­uprights, painted 11 200/40/5 mm steel channel 12 40 mm r. c. planter 13 toothed anchor bar screwed into parapet 14 150/150/30 mm steel plate 15 24 mm Ø threaded rod 16 200/100/20 mm steel bracket 17 20 mm Ø threaded rod 18 3 mm pre-weathered perforated steel sheet (20 mm Ø perforations) 70 mm steel substructure 200 mm precast r.c. parapet 19 LED light strip 20 50 mm Ø solid wood handrail 21 3 mm pre-weathered sheet steel cladding 22 45−100/7 mm flat steel, pre-weathered 23 50 mm fibre concrete step 24 3 mm sheet steel cladding, pre-weathered 25 mm steel cap profile 150/47/1.5 mm steel channel 25 IPE 500 steel beam 26 50 mm expanded metal, pre-weathered 50 mm steel substructure 350 mm prefabricated r. c. beam

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PLAYGROUND AND SPORTS GROUND IN COPENHAGEN, DK

Multipurpose building at the Escola Gavina in Valencia

A new multipurpose building offers the pupils of the E ­ scola Gavina on the south-western outskirts of Valencia a wide range of activities. Alongside its actual use as sports hall, it is also used for concerts, theatre performances, meetings and school events. With its clear-cut shape, the new building refers to the neighbouring school building from the 1980s, a cuboid structure of similar size. The space allocation plan has been condensed into a compact volume. The northern side ­houses a two-storey wing with a music room, changing rooms and ­ancillary spaces on the ground floor, as well as the classroom for psychomotor activity, the classroom for theatre and the stand above. The central area accommodates the main entrance, the two staircases and the lift, which are spatially directly connected with the hall. Two differently sized recesses in the structure emphasise the entrances. On the southern side, the space frame of the hall roof projects out more than 3 m, and—similar to a canopy— covers an area in front that extends across the entire building width. Thanks to sliding panels comprising perforated ceramic elements in steel frames, the hall can be completely opened towards this protected exterior space. The hall area can thus be seamlessly extended to the open-air sports ground, creating a smooth transition between inside and outside. 68

Carmel Gradoli, Arturo Sanz, Carmen Martinez Arquitectos

The delicate space frame made of slender, white-painted steel tubes spanning the entire building appears to be almost levitating. The roof area has numerous skylights uniformly providing daylight, which is scattered by white-coated HPL panels vertically integrated into the truss structure and directed into the hall. An abundance of light also enters the space through glazed ribbons on the northern and southern facades. A distinctive screen of green-shimmering, horizontal slats made of recycled plastic is positioned in front of the south-facing glazing for sun protection and as a glare shield. These slats are mounted on a truss that spans the width of the building. The lower part of the southern facade is also light-permeable: here, the colourful glass fillings of the ceramic elements create a charming play of light and colour, lending the hall a cheerful atmosphere. In spite of the great diversity of applied materials, including steel, trapezoidal sheeting, glass, brick, timber and exposed concrete, the uniform constructions of the load-bearing structure and surfaces, as well as their matching grids, form a harmonious unity. The materials are able to unfold their specific haptic qualities here and thus enliven the airy spatial volume of the sports hall. OUTDOOR

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MULTIPURPOSE BUILDING AT THE ESCOLA GAVINA IN VALENCIA, ES

Location Picanya, Valencia, ES Completion 2014 Construction period 14 months

Programme / Functions Multipurpose and sports hall, music room, theatre and psychomotor classroom, changing rooms, stores Structure Reinforced concrete walls and ceiling spatial structure Lighting Natural lighting in all spaces. Additional artificial lighting at the multipurpose and sports hall

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 28.80 × 14.75 × 6.95 m Use Inside: basketball, volleyball, tennis; suitable as ­multipurpose hall Outside: basketball, handball Grandstand with 104 seats

Ventilation Natural cross-ventilation in main spaces

Site plan scale 1:10 000

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Sections Floor plans scale 1:400 1 Covered forecourt 2 Sports hall 3 Store 4 Changing rooms 5 Concert hall 6 Main entrance 7 Void 8 Psychomotor space 9 Spectators’ gallery

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Vertical section Horizontal sections scale 1:20 1 two layer roof seal asphalt reinforced 110 mm rock-wool thermal insulation geotextile layer; 67 mm perforated trapezoidal-section sheet steel, painted 200 mm steel channels falls formed by bearers 2 Ø 75 –219 mm tubular steel truss, painted; Ø 80 mm spherical nodes 3 2× 6 mm lam. safety glass roof light on 1 mm stainless-steel frame bent to shape 4 10 mm white high-pressure-laminate sun reflector 5 60/140 mm steel RHS reinforcement to roof light 6 ventilation grating in frame, consisting of 50/50 mm steel angles and 20/40 mm steel RHSs 7 100/50 mm steel channel (UPN) for fixing steel suspension rod 8 Ø 20 mm steel suspension rod with screw thread in sleeve 9 200/40 mm steel T-section with 2× 6 mm lam. safety glass and 20/40 mm steel RHSs 10 350 mm steel channel (UPN) suspended on tension rod 11 sliding element: 60/20 mm steel RHS guide track 60/60 mm steel angle frame 158/158/55 mm ceramic element with 2× 3 mm lam. safety glass 12 60/60 mm steel SHS post 13 horizontal truss, consisting of 200 mm steel Å-beams and 150/100 mm steel RHSs 14 125/35 mm recycled plastic louvres; 30/30 mm steel T-section brackets; 120/40 mm steel RHS 15 steel truss, consisting of Å-girders 200 mm and 160 mm deep 16 90/120 mm horizontally cored (halved) bricks bearers 100/100 mm steel angle 55 mm rock-wool insulation 350 mm reinforced concrete

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MULTIPURPOSE BUILDING AT THE ESCOLA GAVINA IN VALENCIA, ES

LIGHT

Sports hall in Es Puig d’en Valls

Initially, the community of Es Puig d’en Valls (Santa Eulalia del Río) in Ibiza had planned only the construction of a roof for the existing basketball and handball courts on its outskirts, to protect players from rain and too strong sunlight. Mobile partition walls were to subdivide the sports ground and keep out laterally incident light. However, during the course of the construction work, when the steel load-bearing structure of the roof had already been built, the client decided to construct permanent building walls instead of the mobile elements. For this purpose, MCEA Arquitectura worked out a simple and cost-­ effective solution: a partly closed and partly permeable shell of white masonry exclusively surrounds the playing fields, providing weather protection, while changing rooms, sanitary facilities and ancillary rooms are housed in the existing neighbouring building. In order to retain the former outdoor character of the facility in the hall too, the architects developed facades partially permeable to wind and light, which closely link the inside and the outside. The perforated wall slabs filter the sunlight while still allowing the athletes to partake in the moods and sounds of the surroundings. A share of openings of approximately 43 % ensures natural lighting and ventilation. In the perforated areas, the bricks are laid with gaps, with the interstitial spaces permitting views of the contours and colours of the surroundings. Depending on the cardinal direction and the position of the sun, daylight is also directed into the hall in its most diverse shades, ranging from a warm ochre tone to gleaming white light. At the same time, the 24 cm thick wall prevents rain from entering the hall. 80

MCEA Arquitectura

The masonry’s delicate construction was possible as it only carries its own weight, while necessitating only point-based mounts on the steel structure. Perforated surfaces comprising lying and upended brick layers alternate with closed, double-­ leaf masonry of concrete blocks and bricks, with their arrangement varying on the respective building sides. The southern facade with the entrance doors from the newly designed forecourt is accentuated by large-scale lettering. Linear, broken bands define the upper area of the northern and western sides, while the lower third of the wall has been designed as a solid base. On the eastern facade, perforated and closed surfaces are offset against each other, referencing the silhouette of the surrounding hilly landscape. Inside, the wall slabs, appearing like delicate lattices, create a floating, almost immaterial spatial impression, which is underlined by the contrast between the warm-toned sunlight and the cool, intense shade of blue of the hall’s floor. The roof structure, consisting of steel trusses, spans across the longer side of the 47.50 × 44.40 m hall. North-oriented bands of light in the saw-tooth roof provide glare-free light from above, which is reflected into the space by the aluminium ceiling cladding on the undersides of the saw-tooth roof, whose shape characterises the interior and is also recognisable on the facade: here, the hole patterns trace the diamond shape of the roof slope, lending the building a dynamic effect. LIGHT

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SPORTS HALL IN ES PUIG D’EN VALLS, ES

Location Es Puig d'en Valls, Santa Eulalia del Río, Ibiza, ES Completion 2018 Construction period 16 months (including interruptions caused by ­administrative procedures)

Programme / Functions Multifunctional space specialised in sports activities: 2 multisports courts (basketball or handball) or 4 mini basketball courts. Complementary uses (changing rooms) located in the adjacent preexisting building. Structure Steel frame; self-supporting masonry walls

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) Handball: 2 × (20 × 40 × 7.50 m) or Basketball: 2 × (15 × 28 × 7.50 m) or Mini basketball: 4 × (20 × 11 × 7.50 m) Use The building can be used as a multipurpose hall to ­accommodate concerts, celebrations, et al.

Lighting The Zenithal lighting system using skylights with north orientation, completed with lighting through the brick lattices of the enclosures, is sufficient during the whole day. In addition, there is an artificial lighting system. Ventilation The permeable outer walls make the most of the Mediterranean weather conditions during the whole year and allow the natural renewal of the air without energy consumption.

Site plan scale 1:10 000

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Sections Floor plan scale 1:750 1 Sports hall 2 Locker room/ storage (existing) 3 Community centre (existing) 4 Car park

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Axonometric projection Structure 1 upper chord 280/250 mm steel G-beam 2 lower chord 250/150 mm steel tube 3 UPN 240 capping to wall 4 180/120 mm steel tube as bracing 5 column 350/300 mm steel stanchion

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Vertical sections Horizontal sections scale 1:20 1 UPN 240 steel section 2 0.6 mm profiled steel sheet ­painted 80 mm glass fibre thermal /  acoustic insulation 280/250 mm steel G-beam 3 IPE 140 steel beam 4 30/5 mm flat steel 5 ceiling mini corrugated aluminium sheet 0.3 mm, h = 15 mm 40/40 mm timber section, steel channel 30/30 mm 6 cement render, water resistant with 15 mm ­synthetic coating 240/120/80 mm vertical coring brick, 240/120/90 mm horizontal coring brick 15 mm cement render, smooth with synthetic ­coating 7 40/115 mm horizontal coring brick on steel angle 50/55 mm 8 lattice wall exposed perforated brick, white, water repellant 240/120/50 mm 9 bracing to lattice wall: steel tube 180/120 mm with ­reinforcement mats in brick joints 10 column steel section 350/300 mm 11 gutter: folded aluminium sheet ­pipette drainage 12 200/190 mm reinforced concrete ring beam 13 cement render, water repellant with 15 mm ­synthetic coating 400/200/200 mm concrete block wall reinforced, void 240/120/80 mm horizontal core brick 15 mm cement render, smooth with synthetic ­coating 14 polyethylene membrane, mortar 15 asphalt impregnation bitumen membrane plinth seal reinforced with polyester 16 vinyl sport flooring strengthened with 7 mm glass fibre anti-­moisture membrane drainage dimpled membrane PE 4 mm asphalt (existing) 17 100 mm PVC downpipe 18 UPN 80 mm steel section 19 60 mm horizontal core brick 20 connection 2× 80/105 mm flat steel 21 connection 400/200/200 mm concrete block laid transverse

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SPORTS HALL IN ES PUIG D’EN VALLS, ES

Vertical section scale 1:20 1 gutter folded aluminium sheet, insulated 2 UPN 240 steel profile 3 0.6 mm profiled steel sheet ­painted, 80 mm glass fibre ­thermal / acoustic insulation, IPE 140 steel beam 4 30/5 mm flat steel 5 0.3 mm mini corrugated, aluminium sheet ceiling, h = 15 mm 40/40 mm timber section 30/30 mm steel c ­ hannel 6 1 mm polycarbonate panel 7 15 mm cement render, water ­repellant with ­synthetic coating, 240/120/80 mm vertical core brick 240/120/90 mm horizontal core brick; 15 mm cement render smooth with synthetic coating 8 truss: upper chord 280/250 steel G-beam, lower chord 250/150 mm steel tube, posts 150/150 mm steel tube 9 lattice wall: 240/120/50 mm exposed perforated brick white, water repellant 10 bracing to lattice wall: 180/120 mm steel tube with reinforcement mat in brick joints 11 diagonal bracing UPN 80 steel section 12 column 350/300 mm steel ­sanchion 13 15 mm cement render, water repellant with synthetic coating, 200 mm ­reinforced concrete plinth, 15 mm cement render smooth with synthetic coating 14 folded aluminium sheet 15 vinyl sport flooring strengthened with 7 mm glass fibre net m ­ embrane seal 150 mm reinforced concrete slab drainage dimpled membrane PE 4 mm asphalt (existing)

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SPORTS HALL IN ES PUIG D’EN VALLS, ES

Campus extension in Madrid

A large complex complements the private Francisco de Vitoria university founded in the 1990s in Pozuelo de Alarcón on the western outskirts of Madrid. The pure, gleaming white building, designed by the architect Alberto Campo ­ ­­ Baeza from Madrid, is divided into two parts that are clearly differentiated both in terms of their size as well as the facade ­design. While the sports hall is a brightly lit volume with extensive glazing that opens up towards the outside, the flanking two-storey wing, with its seminar rooms and offices, is a more introverted cube with a perforated facade. Both structures are connected by a single-storey central section, which accommodates entrances, a foyer and a café; its flat roof acts as a terrace, which is accessible via the seminar rooms and the stand. Not visible from the outside, the basement houses multipurpose rooms, a gym, changing rooms and two swimming pools. The facades of the 50 m long, 38 m wide and 12 m high sports hall are designed to optimally supply daylight to the interior, while simultaneously responding to the climatic conditions of central Spain. Hence, the northern and eastern sides chiefly consist of translucent insulating glazing, which admits glare-free, scattered light into the hall. The southern facade, by contrast, is completely clad in white, only 10 mm thick glass-fibre-reinforced concrete panels. The western side, ori94

Estudio Arquitectura Campo Baeza

ented towards the afternoon sun, is also largely closed. Here, however, the lower area, with its continuous glazing extending across the building corners, provides direct visual contact between the inside and the outside, between the activities in the hall and on the central square of the campus; three large entrance doors are also integrated into the glazed ribbon and oriented directly towards the square. This corresponds with glazing that extends across the entire length of the building on the opposite facade towards the roof terrace, permitting visual contact towards both sides. The sports hall has a steel structure whose 3.10 m high steel trussed girders span the hall width of 37.80 m. The load-­ bearing structure and all surfaces in the interior are designed in white—both the acoustic panels on the walls and the ceiling, as well as the ceramic surface of the stand. On the one hand, the monochrome and bright surfaces scatter the incoming light, while on the other, they lend the space surprising lightness. Restriction to only a few selected materials and the chromatically homogeneous design underline its almost abstract impact. In the evening, the pavilion-like structure gleams from the inside like a luminary, further emphasising the immaterial, floating impression. Apart from its use as a sports hall, it also offers an attractive setting for conferences and university-­ based events. LIGHT

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CAMPUS EXTENSION IN MADRID, ES

Location Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, ES Completion 2016 Construction period 13 months

Programme / Functions Sports hall (3,300 m2), gymnasium (1,300 m2), ­ swimming pool (1,100 m2), school with classrooms (800 m2), ­canteen, physiotherapy Structure Sports pavilion: steel structure Seminar and office volume: reinforced concrete

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 60 × 50 × 12 m Use Basketball, indoor football, swimming (25 m) et al. The sports complex can also be used as a large multipurpose area and meeting hall, facilitating a range of university activities. Grandstand with 198 seats

Lighting The sports hall is conceived as a light box. Generous amounts of daylight enter through the north and east facades of the hall, made largely of translucent glass. The white surfaces of the interior increase the brightness of the room. Ventilation Differentiated and independent treatment of the sports zones in respect of their occupancy. For the sports hall, there is a system of temperature control, heating and cooling and ventilation.

Site plan scale 1:12 500

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Section Floor plans scale 1:1000 1 Weight-lifting 2 Multi-purpose room 3 Fitness 4 Waiting room 5 Swimming pool 6 Sports hall 7 Main entrance 8 Entrance hall with café 9 Kitchen 10 Office 11 Shop 12 Void 13 Spectator stand 14 Terrace 15 Seminar room

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1 1 sealing membrane, white 40 mm PIR thermal insulation vapour barrier 90 mm trapezoid metal sheet 1200/600/40 mm acoustic panel, white 2 2 HEB 300 steel s­ ection 3 10 mm white glass ­fibre concrete panel, Ø 8 mm anchor, back ventilation 80/40/2 mm steel tube frame 40 mm mineral wool thermal insulation void, frame of 70 mm steel channels w. ­insulation between 15 mm plasterboard panel 40 mm acoustic ­panel, white 4 L 120/100/80/8 mm steel angle, welded 5 sunblind, white 6 thermal glazing: 2× 10 mm laminated ­safety glass + 16 mm cavity + 2× 10 mm laminated safety glass 7 600/600/50 mm ­concrete slab 8 PU coating, white 9 floor to sports hall: 22 mm oak parquet sealed 30/45 mm timber batten w. foam layer PE film 20 mm mortar 80 mm reinforced screed 250 mm concrete slab 10 thermal glazing: 2× 6 mm translucent laminated ­safety glass + 16 mm cavity + 2× 6 mm laminated safety glass 11 floor construction spectator stand: 2700/900/4 mm ceramic panel, white 20 mm mortar 80 mm reinforced screed 300 mm concrete slab

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Gymnasium in Chelles

In the centre of the town of Chelles, located in the east of the metropolitan area of Paris, the construction of a gym for the Weczerka secondary school offered the possibility of newly designing and upgrading the public space in its architectural context. The gym’s simple and calm volume closes off the extensive plot between the town hall, the gym and a former church, which has been converted into a centre for contemporary art. It creates a spacious and simultaneously protected space, which is now reserved for pedestrians. The two-storey building takes up the building heights of the town hall and the school, while a smaller annex with a foyer and changing rooms is located on the eastern side. Applying a facade design which is unusual for functional sports facilities, LAN Architecture lent the hall an importance appropriate to its location. The facade consists of two layers: the first layer is a building-high, glazed shell that reflects light; lying behind it, the second layer comprises copper-clad wooden panels, enlivening the views by its colouration and the reflection of its surroundings. The panels are mounted on the inner side of the glass elements, in between the steel facade posts. Their close spacing underlines the elegance and lightness of the building. The multifaceted reflections incorporate the existing buildings, creating a kaleidoscope of the cityscape, as 106

LAN Architecture

it were, and enabling a new perception of the surroundings. In the hall, the panels—painted white on the inside—serve as sun protection, glare shield, impact protection, as well as for noise reduction. They are mounted on the facade posts using hinges and can be flipped open for cleaning. In spite of the opaque facade elements, which appear almost like an abstract silhouette of a city, the hall space seems transparent and open, with a strong connection to the outside, similar to the smaller sports room on the upper floor of the annex: here, room-high glazing provides views of the gym and the newly created square. Apart from school sports, the building is also used by ball sports clubs as well as for dance and gymnastics classes. The basement, housing an underground car park, is constructed in reinforced concrete; the external walls extend upwards as a plinth and, with a shockproof plasterboard cladding, serve as impact protection. The hall has been lowered 1.15 m into the ground, so that the concrete base is not visible from the outside and doesn’t affect the clarity of the facade. Only the slender facade posts and the main columns of the hall’s steel structure remain visible, while the roof beams, spanning 26.80 m and tapering at the eaves, are concealed behind the shockproof acoustic ceiling. LIGHT

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GYMNASIUM IN CHELLES, FR

Location Chelles, FR

Programme / Functions Sports hall, gym, assembly room, office, side rooms

Completion 2012

Structure Structural system with steel columns and beams and ­reinforced concrete for the underground garage. The facade has a three-sided glazing. Wooden panels painted white on the inside provide s­ olar protection behind the glazing, absorb sound and m ­ inimise thermal loss in the interior space. Towards the ­outside, the panels are copper-clad and reflect the ­surroundings.

Construction period 20 months

Dimensions of the sports halls (l × w × h) Gym: 27 × 45 m Dance hall: 18 × 17 m

Lighting In the daytime: natural light In the evening/at night: industrial light with reflector ­integrated in the false ceiling Ventilation Skydome night system installed in the gym; the heating is radiant and installed in the false ceiling.

Site plan scale 1:4000 1 Town hall 2 Centre for contemporary art 3 Secondary school 4 Gym

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Sections Layout plans scale 1:750 5 Entrance foyer 6 Office 7 Changing room 8 Storage/Building services 9 Gym 10 Small gym 11 Assembly room

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GYMNASIUM IN CHELLES, FR

Perspective of structural members

Vertical section scale 1:20 1 6 mm sandwich element: aluminium sheet with polythene core 100 mm steel G-section metallic-membrane separating layer 2 bituminous sealing, two layers 180 mm thermal insulation vapour retarder 50 mm corrugated metal 3 320 mm steel G-section 4 girder: 2× 950 –1250 mm steel ­channel with 280 mm steel-profile longitudinal bracing 5 double glazing: 6 mm toughened glass + 12 mm cavity + 6 mm toughened glass 6 column: 400 mm steel G-section with 40 mm polythene PVC-laminated encasement to a height of 2 m 7 sandwich panel as solar and glare protection, with hinge attached to steel section: 1 mm copper sheet 28 mm MDF, w  hite laminate 8 12.5 mm plasterboard, impact-resistant 150 mm thermal insulation 200 mm reinforced-concrete plinth 9 PVC floor covering 30 mm screed 230 mm reinforced concrete 2× 100 mm thermal insulation sandwich panel: 15 mm cement-impregnated wood-wool cover layer 85 mm polystyrene core

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Sports hall in Villach

On the southern banks of the River Drava, not far from the centre of Villach, a copper-coloured, shimmering monolith makes a distinctive mark on the school premises. A semi-transparent screen of profiled, perforated copper sheet envelops the new multipurpose hall of the St. Martin secondary school, characterising its homogeneous, elegantly robust appearance. The facades of the cuboid building are divided into bands by three copper sheets, which are offset from each other by one upstand respectively, into which the glazed elements are fitted: on the northern side, the elevated, continuous windows, which provide uniform and glare-free daylight, together with the extensive roof glazing; and the room-high glazing of the ground floor along the two front sides, which allows for views from the school playground into the hall. Moreover, the steel structure, positioned in front, projects out 2 m on the entrance side in the north-west, thus forming a protected front area. With a facade length of 55.30 m, the building extends along the road, shielding the open-air sports facilities in the rear. Lowering the building by 4 m below street level made it possible to provide a direct, subterranean link to the school building; at the same time, the volume of the approximately 12 m high triple hall thus seems less dominant in its urban surroundings. The basement as well as the longitudinal walls and the north-­ western side, with the integrated glazed elements, have been constructed in reinforced concrete, while the south-­eastern facade has a timber-frame construction. The roof ­consists 116

Dietger Wissounig Architekten

of prefabricated, insulated timber elements, with the load-­ bearing structure consisting of 2.20 m high, glued-­laminated timber supports, which span the hall width of about 34 m. The triple hall is used by both the pupils and sports clubs and is suitable for international ball sports tournaments. A stand with 220 seats is accessed at ground level via a spacious foyer, where bar facilities for special events are also available. From here, a descending staircase leads to the basement, where changing rooms and equipment rooms are directly linked to the hall. The ascending staircase provides access to the school’s own training, fitness and weight training room on the upper floor, which extends above the foyer and—being fully glazed—enables views of both the sports hall and into the open. However, the pupils are provided visual protection towards the outside by the metal shell that acts like a filter. Daylight abundantly enters the space via the skylights in the roof and continues into the foyer through the glazed staircase wall. Inside, bright colours characterise the friendly atmosphere: the hall and the gymnastics room have a sprung floor with oak parquet and the hall walls, too, are largely clad in oak; all further surfaces are painted in cream white. All the ventilation technology has been integrated into the walls of the hall— the supply air flows through perforations in the deflecting wall on the north-eastern side into the hall in a draught-free and noiseless manner and is sucked away through channels in the south-western wall. LIGHT

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SPORTS HALL IN VILLACH, AT

Location Villach, Carinthia, AT Completion 2013 Construction period 18 months

Programme / Functions Basement: triple gym, changing rooms, teachers’ room and secondary rooms, subterranean link to the school Ground floor: foyer, sanitary rooms, hall supervisor’s room, bar, stands for 220 visitors First floor: endurance, fitness, strength training room for school operation Structure Basement, as well as three facade sides of the building: reinforced concrete South-eastern wall: timber-frame construction Roof: prefabricated, insulated timber elements

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) Triple gym, 27.60 × 46.20 × 9.00 m in total School-based endurance, fitness, strength training room, 17.20 × 6.10 × 2.50-3.10 m Use Use by the school, a secondary school (Höhere Schule, AHS) and various sports clubs Suitability for international ball sports tournaments, such as basketball, fistball, handball, floorball, volleyball or indoor football, as well as gymnastics Additional use for school events, club events, buffet area Stand for 220 persons

Lighting Uniform and glare-free daylight admittance through skylights and glazing on the north-eastern side at the height of the upper floor Ventilation Ventilation technology integrated into the hall walls: air supplied via the sports hall’s north-eastern wall through perforations in the deflecting wall; extraction via channels in the south-west wall

Site plan scale 1:4000

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Sections Floor plans scale 1:750 1 Triple gymnasium 2 Mechanical services 3 Equipment space 4 Connecting corridor to school 5 Changing room 6 Teachers’ room 7 First-aid room 8 Entrance 9 Caretaker’s room 10 Foyer 11 Stands for max. 220 persons 12 Void 13 Bicycles 14 External equipment

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Offset facade corrugations Horizontal section scale 1:20 Corner detail of facade strips on ground floor

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Vertical section through north wall scale 1:20 1 plastic roof sealing layer 18 mm oriented-strand board 80/260 mm timber rafters with 260 mm mineral-wool insulation between vapour barrier 15 mm oriented-strand board 75 mm mineral-wool insulation polythene film 25 mm wood-wool slab 2 triple glazing: 10 + 6 + 10 mm safety glass with 2× 12 mm cavities 3 1 mm perforated, corrugated copper sheeting 50/50 mm steel SHSs 50 mm alum. bearers moisture-diffusing covering layer 160 mm mineral-wool facade insulation 350 mm reinforced concrete wall painted cream 4 6 mm white composite screed 70 mm screed polythene film 30 mm EPS insulation: polythene film 94 mm cement-bonded EPS insulation 250 mm reinforced concrete floor 5 5 mm protective layer 120 mm XPS insulation 5 mm sealing layer; undercoat 350 mm reinforced concrete wall 6 22 mm oak flooring; polythene film 18 mm cavity 44 mm wood strips 110 mm raising strips between 70 mm thermal insulation sealing layer 400 mm reinforced concrete floor polythene film 100 mm XPS insulation 60 mm blinding layer

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Vertical section through west wall scale 1:20 1 plastic roof sealing layer 18 mm oriented-strand board 80/260 mm timber rafters with 260 mm mineral-wool insulation between vapour barrier 15 mm oriented-strand board 52/160 mm wood joists with 75 mm mineral-wool insulation between polythene film 25 mm wood-wool slab 2 1 mm perforated, corrugated copper sheeting steel SHSs: 50/50/5 mm and 100/100/5 mm lining and fixing plate glued lam. timber beams 3 4 mm alum. composite sheeting 40 mm cavity moisture-diffusing windproof layer 140 mm mineral-wool insulation sealing layer 300 mm reinforced concrete wall painted cream 4 triple glazing: 6 + 4 + 6 mm safety glass with 2× 12 mm cavities 5 Ø 24 mm powder-coated steel tension rod 6 40 mm grating on 80/160/8 mm and 80/160/5 mm steel RHS bearers 7 22 mm oak flooring; polythene film 18 mm cavity; 42 mm sprung bearers 4 mm levelling layer; 120 mm raising strips underfloor heating; 70 mm thermal insulation 250 mm reinforced concrete floor 8 triple glazing: 10 + 6 + 10 mm safety glass with 2× 12 mm cavities 9 6 mm white composite screed 70 mm screed with underfloor heating polythene film; 30 mm EPS insulation polythene film 94 mm cement-bonded EPS insulation 250 mm reinforced concrete floor

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Sports hall in Bietigheim-Bissingen

The sports hall of the secondary school complements a facility from the 1950s, forming an overall complex centred around a courtyard. The courtyard is structurally closed off from the street by the transparent building but remains visible. Since a large part of the building volume is lowered into the ground and the facades are glazed on three sides, the visual connection from the street to the school playground, including its old stock of trees, is preserved. The courtyard also provides access to the hall through a small glazed pavilion attached at the western facade. It houses the main entrance and the adjoining spacious foyer with a café, which is connected to the stand in a spatially open manner. Starting directly from the vestibule, a staircase of a lightweight appearance leads down to the hall and the sanitary rooms, equipment storage areas and changing rooms. These are located below the entrance pavilion but are naturally lit via broad shafts. The interior of the hall is characterised by an abundance of light, thanks to the glazed facades. These take up more than half the building’s height and their slender profiles give them an almost immaterial appearance. Only the southern face is completely closed, accommodating a climbing wall. The roof appears to be floating above the 45 × 25.60 m area, as the load-bearing structure is not discernible. Instead, the space is characterised by the ceiling’s smooth lower side, consist128

Auer Weber

ing of timber elements and structured by narrow, incised strips of light. In fact, the load-bearing structure and the skylights have been combined into cubical components similar to a saw-tooth roof, which project out 2.10 m over the flat roof. Along the narrow sides and on the northern side, these roof structures are completely glazed and thus provide uniform, natural light from above. The steel-timber structure comprises five 1.85 m high main beams made of glued-laminated timber that span the hall in a transverse direction, spaced 7.50 m apart. They rest on round steel columns in the facade plane, which also serve for drainage. In between the glued-laminated timber profiles, secondary beams made of welded steel profiles run in a longitudinal direction, forming a force-fitted bond. The ceiling slabs, consisting of prefabricated timber box elements, were mounted between the beams. Both their undersides, comprising three-layer panels that have been partly perforated for acoustic reasons and the main beams, produced in a quality for visible areas, have been varnished in white and optically merge with each other, so that the beams appear as part of the ceiling cladding. The calmness of the structure, the delicate glazed facade, and the bright wall and floor surfaces define the atmosphere in this sports building bathed in light, which is also distinguished by fine detailing and high material quality. LIGHT

129

SPORTS HALL IN BIETIGHEIM-BISSINGEN, DE

Location Bietigheim-Bissingen, DE Completion 2003 Construction period 14 months

Programme / Functions School sports hall with secondary rooms, a café area and a media room Structure Roof’s load-bearing structure: steel-timber structure

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 45.00 x 25.50 x 7.70 m (clear room height) Use School sports, handball, basketball (FIBA), volleyball main court, gymnastics apparatus, climbing wall Stand with 148 seats

Lighting Hall lighting via saw-tooth roof and facade Ventilation Multiple use with reheating for changing rooms, sanitary facilities

Site plan scale 1:3000

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Section Floor plans scale 1:500 1 Entrance area 2 Caretaker 3 Café store 4 Store 5 Café 6 Spectators 7 Void over playing area 8 Multipurpose space 9 Equipment 10 Announcements 11 Changing room 12 Showers 13 Light well 14 Teachers’ changing room 15 Services

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SPORTS HALL IN BIETIGHEIM-BISSINGEN, DE

Vertical sections scale 1:20 1 main beam: 200/1,850 mm laminated timber with exposed white-glazed inner face 2 secondary beam: steel G-sections 240 mm deepwelded together to form rigid Z-shaped frame 3 Ø 168/6 mm tubular steel column with rainwater drainage internally 4 21 mm L-shaped three-ply laminated sheeting, white glazed 5 fixing of secondary beam to main beam with 1,550/240/8 mm steel plate and Ø 20 mm bolts 6 0.3 mm stainless-steel sheeting bent to shape 120 mm compression-resistant mineral-wool ­thermal insulation vapour barrier; sealing layer 7 346 mm timber box element with steel lugs, bolted to secondary beam: 21 mm three-ply laminated sheeting, white glazed 80/300 mm laminated timber ribs 25 mm oriented-strand board 8 220 mm steel channel compression rail between secondary beams, bolted with head plates 9 2 mm stainless-steel panel with insulation 10 post-and-rail construction with fixed glazing 11 240 mm steel channel facade bearer 12 Ø 76 mm tubular steel cross-rail bolted to ­secondary beam with 120/120/10 mm head plate 13 20 mm mineral acoustic layer 14 steel G-beam 140 mm deep 15 50/30/5 mm steel RHS welded to G-beam, with two steel angles for fixing facade 16 steel G-section facade post 120 mm deep; ­post-and-rail construction with fixed glazing silver plastic-coated sunblind, light-admitting 17 21 mm three-ply laminated-sheet internal baffle wall lining, white glazed

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CONSTRUCTION

School sports hall in Zurich

A glazed cube with an exposed steel framework and innovative spatial organisation serves as a school building to 400 children and adolescents in Zurich-Schwamendingen. Classrooms, an auditorium and a gym are stacked on top of each other in a compact building and on a footprint of 30 × 45 m, thus minimising the built-up area in favour of a large park. The 33 m high building is structured by two external, circumferential trussed girder systems and the intermediate fourth floor, whose load-­ bearing structure is recessed. Hence, the functions are discernible already from the outside: above the ground floor, with a foyer, a large cafeteria and open work areas, there are three levels housing classrooms. The fourth floor accommodates the auditorium, the library and teachers’ rooms. Above it, the 8 m high gym forms the transparent crown of the building. Smooth transitions and suspenseful spatial sequences characterise the school’s interior. The Zurich-based architect Christian Kerez developed a corridor-free floor plan: the classrooms are arranged on two sides of a central stairwell, whose dog-leg stairs lead to spacious common areas. These serve as both a breakroom and for team-oriented classes. Elements made of translucent profiled glass separate the classrooms from the central zone and from each other. These shimmering, light-permeable wall elements acoustically shield the ­spaces, while simultaneously permitting subtle visual connections: daylight enters deep into the interior of the building and the movements of the pupils are vaguely perceptible through the glass. Lit on all sides and with ceiling heights of 3.60 m, the 140

Christian Kerez

teaching and common areas appear more like studio spaces rather than standard classrooms. The exposed concrete and glass underline this impression. Additional open spaces and lounging areas for the pupils are also provided by the circumferential emergency escape balconies. The 22 m wide and 45 m long gym surprises with its spaciousness and the panoramic view through the room-high glazed facades. Only the northern side is shielded. Here, stairs, a lift, changing rooms and equipment rooms are lined up along a narrow strip. The complex static system consists of partly stacked and partly suspended truss formations at three different heights. The loads of the gym are transferred from the inlying transverse beams on the fourth floor via the trusses of the classroom wing, positioned on the side of the central zone, to the steel trestles on the ground floor. The external, three-storey trusses of the classroom wing are also suspended from the transverse beams. In spite of its large volume, the building seems to float, since the facade of the ground floor is deeply recessed. Here, the load-bearing elements only comprise six “three-­legged” steel columns, on which the entire building load rests. The Leutschenbach school building is exemplary not only for its innovative spatial structure, the unity of the load-bearing structure and the architectural concept. As a lead project for the surrounding, newly created residential and office quarter, it also highlights the school’s significance as an institution within the urban community. CONSTRUCTION

141

SCHOOL SPORTS HALL IN ZURICH, CH

Location Zurich, CH

Programme / Functions Nursery, primary and secondary school, triple gym

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) Triple gym: 26 × 44 × 8 m

Completion 2009

Structure Steel frame construction with concrete ceiling slabs

Use Physical education, basketball, floorball, etc.

Construction period 2005-2009

Lighting Daylighting via room-high glazed facades Ventilation Central ventilation system with heat recovery, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery

Site plan scale 1:4000

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CONSTRUCTION

Sections Floor plans scale 1:750 5

1 Entrance 2 Cafeteria 3 Kitchen 4 Working area 5 Classroom 6 Recreational area 7 Assembly hall 8 Teachers’ room 9 Library 10 Gymnasium

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SCHOOL SPORTS HALL IN ZURICH, CH

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Section through facade scale 1:50 1 roof construction: two-layer waterproof sheeting 50–240 mm rock-wool insulation splay cut at edge of roof vapour barrier on 1 mm sheet steel 1 mm trapezoidal-section metal sheeting 153 mm deep with insulation 140/140/6.3 mm steel SHS beams along eaves with 60 mm rigid-foam polystyrene insulation 2 100/200/6.3 mm steel RHS 3 300/300 mm steel SHS upper and lower chords, thickness according to position and structural needs 4 diagonal members: steel hollow sections, dimensions according to position and structural needs 5 steel G-beam 160 mm deep 6 welded steel section 100 mm deep 7 300 mm steel channel section

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CONSTRUCTION

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CONSTRUCTION

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Vertical sections scale 1:20 1 30–50 mm artificial-stone slab paving elevation liquid seal reinforced concrete slab 220 –430 mm 2 80 mm rock-wool insulation slab 3 steel G-beam 160 mm deep 4 100 mm screed, smooth finished 50 mm impact-sound insulation 280 –480 mm reinf. concrete floor 5 300 mm steel channel with stud shear connector 6 triple glazing 7 acoustic layer on 48 mm mineral underlayer 8 ventilation outlet 9 sprinkler 10 loudspeaker

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SCHOOL SPORTS HALL IN ZURICH, CH

Sports centre in Sargans

Wooden slats of different widths and at varied spacings envelop the staggered volumes of the sports complex for two school centres in Sargans, Switzerland. Not only the building shell is made of timber—almost the entire building was constructed in timber, largely from prefabricated components. The local material was favoured due to its sustainability, regional value creation, low maintenance and disposal costs, as well as a short construction period. Moreover, it was possible to use the existing pile foundations of the preceding hall by applying a lightweight construction. The planning consortium Hildebrand & Ruprecht Architekten developed an expressive building with an economical and elegant timber load-bearing structure and a clearly divided volume corresponding to the use of the spaces. In the 66 m long and 56 m wide building, the quadruple sports hall forms the centre and tops the two longitudinal wings of different heights. On the north-eastern side is a narrow, flat annex housing the sports equipment spaces; above it, the wall of the hall opens up with continuous glazing so that daylight can evenly fall into the interior across its entire length. Attached on the south-western side is a 2-storey wing with fitness and gymnastics rooms, which also accommodates the changing rooms and the main entrance with a foyer. This is oriented towards the adjoining open-air sports facilities, which have a spacious, protected front area thanks to the cantilevered upper part of the building. The facade cladding, too, subtly differentiates the large volume. Spruce or pine was employed, using various cross 150

Hildebrand & Ruprecht Architekten

sections and joint widths in finely graded, horizontal facade strips. Over the years, the rough-cut, untreated surfaces will darken to various extents, depending on the weathering, and their patina will additionally enliven the visual appearance. The main load-bearing structure is exposed in all three parts of the building, significantly shaping the character of the interior spaces with its delicate, densely strung elements. 40 glued-laminated timber frames have each been positioned at distances of only 1.65 m. Despite a span of 28.80 m, the 140 cm high frame transoms are only 14 cm thick; the almost 10 m high shafts, with cross sections of 14 × 80 cm, are likewise very slender. The planners aimed at an optimised use of materials in the load-bearing structure, also for financial reasons. The glued-laminated timber was therefore used in different strength classes according to the static requirements and partly supplemented by ash wood that is capable of carrying greater loads. Glued threaded rods almost rigidly connect the frame corners. The building is stiffened by timber-frame walls clad in OSB panels and the roof areas by three-layer slabs. The wood-concrete composite slab in the two-storey area consists of joists made of ash-spruce glued-laminated timber, partly prefabricated lattice girder panels and an in-­ situ concrete overlay. The combination of the warm, untreated surfaces of the natural material and the black tone of the floor coverings, staircases and acoustic panels in the indoor spaces lends the contemporary timber construction a minimalist atmosphere. CONSTRUCTION

151

SPORTS CENTRE IN SARGANS, CH

Location Sargans, SG, CH Completion 2012 Construction period 13 months

Programme / Functions Regional sports facility with quadruple sports hall, fitness and weight room, gymnastics room, cloakrooms and secondary rooms, foyer with a counter Structure Glued-laminated timber-frame structure, wood-concrete composite ceiling

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 67 × 53 × 10 m Use Regional sports centre for various types of sport

Lighting Daylighting via raised glazing of the north-eastern facade Ventilation Ventilation with compound circulation system for heat recovery

Sections Layout plans scale 1:750 1 Entrance 2 Cafeteria 3 Sports hall 4 Building services 5 Equipment room 6 Storage/Ancillary spaces 7 Showers 8 Changing room 9 Office 10 Kitchen 11 Gymnastics room 12 Fitness room 13 Classroom

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CONSTRUCTION

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CONSTRUCTION

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SPORTS CENTRE IN SARGANS, CH

Vertical section scale 1:20 1 roof construction: two-layer bituminous sheeting 200–260 mm rockwool thermal insulation; vapour barrier 68 mm spruce/pine lumber core plywood, 3-ply 2 35 mm wood-wool acoustic board 40 mm mineral-fibre therm. insulation 60/175 mm squared timber supporting structure 3 double glazing 4 140/1400 mm glue laminated timber beam 5 140/800 mm glue laminated timber column 6 parapet construction: 120/20 mm spruce/pine boarding, rough-sawn, screws visible ventilated cavity between 40 + 10 mm battens, pressure-treated ­moisture-diffusing facade membr. rockwool insulation between 60/200 mm studs 15 mm oriented-strand board, butt joints glued air-tight 40/60 mm battens 20/120 mm spruce/pine boarding, planed 7 10/20 mm steel flat, powder-coated 8 140/640 mm glue laminated timber beam 9 ceiling construction: 20 mm hard concrete 70 mm cement screed polythene membrane 20 mm impact-sound insulation 70 + 50 mm semi-prefabricated concrete unit as composite syst. with 140/500 mm spruce/ash glue laminated timber beam 2× 35 mm mineral-wood thermal insulation; 2× 15 mm plasterboard

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CONSTRUCTION

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SPORTS CENTRE IN SARGANS, CH

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CONSTRUCTION

Vertical section scale 1:20

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1 roof construction see p. 156 2 vertical boarding with joints: 80/100 mm spruce/pine, untreated, rough-sawn, screws visible ventilated cavity between 90 + 10 mm battens moisture-diffusing facade membrane 16 mm MDF mineral-fibre thermal insulation between 60/200 mm studs 15 mm oriented-strand board 40/60 mm lath grating 20/120 mm spruce/pine cladding untreated, planed 3 140/320 mm glue laminated timber column 4 5 mm polyurethane flooring 70 mm cement heating screed polythene membrane 20 mm impact-sound insulation 70 + 50 mm semi-prefabricated concr. unit as comp. syst. with 140/500 mm glue-laminated timber beam softwood/ash 5 120/20 mm vertical boarding, untreated, rough-sawn ventilated cavity between 40 + 10 mm battens moisture-diffusing facade membrane 16 mm MDF mineral-fibre thermal insulation between 60/200 mm studs 15 mm oriented-strand board 6 90 mm cement heating screed, sealed 4 polythene separating layer 150 mm foam-glass insulation two-ply bituminous barrier layer 280 mm reinforced concrete slab 50 mm lean concrete

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CONSTRUCTION

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SPORTS CENTRE IN SARGANS, CH

Mülimatt sports education and training centre in Brugg / Windisch

On the outskirts of Windisch, between the banks of the River Aare and a railway embankment, stands the sports education and training centre as an expressive, freestanding building on the flood plain. Since the view from the raised railway line falls on the hall roof, the architects paid special attention to its design as a fifth facade. A delicate folded structure of exposed concrete spans the entire complex and, together with the V-shaped columns, forms a statically and aesthetically indivisible unity. Positioned behind the external load-bearing structure, the continuously glazed shell within a post-and-beam facade comprises the actual spatial enclosure; it ensures an abundance of light inside the hall and provides a view of the river landscape, which is framed and given a rhythm by the sculptural columns. In order to minimise land usage, the 80 m long and 55 m wide complex was designed to be compact and the comprehensive space allocation plan was spread across three levels. In doing so, the gently sloping terrain was used by the architects to create a transparent base storey, which serves as access level on the northern side, with the spacious foyer extending across the entire length of the building and oriented towards the river. Connected directly to it but lowered by half a storey are the multipurpose, training and fitness spaces, which are visually linked by extensive glazing that allows daylight to enter, as well as providing a visual reference to the outside. The rear part of the building houses the changing rooms, storage facilities and technical areas. The stairs, positioned centrally in 162

Studio Vacchini Architetti

the building, lead up to the halls and on to the gallery-like upper floor, where the stand and weight room are located. To the right and left of this central zone, which accommodates both circulation spaces and the equipment rooms, are the two approximately 9 m high triple sports halls at ground level, so that the athletes can directly access the open-air sports ground along the front sides. The complex is available to the FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, the vocational schools, as well as to sports clubs. At first sight, the folded structure appears as if made from one piece in exposed concrete. In fact, however, it consists of prefabricated elements and was subsequently merged into a monolithic unit at the assembly joints and the prestressed points by self-compacting concrete. The innovative prestressed concrete construction with its sophisticated detail solutions comprises 27 frame elements. Each of these consists of two shaft and three roof elements, having a cross-sectional height of 2.59 m and a span of 52.60 m. Thanks to the zigzag-shaped folding, the structure seems simple and light despite the impressive beam heights; this is underlined by a low wall thickness of 24 cm in the elements, for which a self-compacting, fine-grained concrete was used. Inside the building, exposed concrete of high surface and detail quality characterises the solid walls, parapets and stands. Its light grey colour is continued on the floors and metal surfaces—the restrained colour scheme thus conveys a calm atmosphere in the entire building. CONSTRUCTION

163

MÜLIMATT SPORTS EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTRE IN BRUGG / WINDISCH, CH

Location Windisch, Switzerland, CH Completion 2010 Construction period 25 months

Programme / Functions Two triple sports halls, spaces for gymnastics and fitness, classrooms and teaching rooms, cloakrooms and secondary rooms Structure The sports centre is conceived as a column-free, wide-spanning space and is designed as a prestressed concrete load-bearing structure with a prefabricated folded structure. The building length comprises 27 axes or folds. The dividing walls and the foundations were constructed of in-situ concrete, as are the flights of stairs and parapets.

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) Two triple sports halls, each 48.60 × 28.00 × 9.00 m Use Gymnastics, fitness, basketball, volleyball, martial arts, etc.

Behind the folded structure of exposed concrete on the longitudinal sides, a glazed facade forms the spatial enclosure. The transverse sides, enclosed in a planar manner, are likewise fully glazed. Lighting Daylight for the sports halls is provided by two opposite sides respectively, through the glazed eastern and western facade; additionally, artificial lighting can be employed. When the dividing walls are lifted, views of the surroundings open up in all directions from inside the hall space. Ventilation A hot-air heating system ventilates and heats the two triple sports halls, the cloakrooms and the shower rooms.

Site plan scale 1:7500

164

CONSTRUCTION

Floor plans Section scale 1:1000

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1 Entrance 2 Foyer 3 Multi-purpose space 4 Meetings/Theory 5 Gym 6 Teachers 7 Cloakroom 8 Material store 9 Mechanical services 10 Triple sports hall 11 Equipment space 12 Weights room

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CONSTRUCTION

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MÜLIMATT SPORTS EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTRE IN BRUGG / WINDISCH, CH

Multi-purpose room in the basement

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CONSTRUCTION

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MÜLIMATT SPORTS EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTRE IN BRUGG / WINDISCH, CH

Vertical sections scale 1:50 1 160 –380 mm precast prestressed folded frame element in self-compacting concrete 2 2 mm plastic sealing layer 160 –380 mm precast prestressed folded frame element as Pos.1 3 steel connecting plate; grouted joint 4 sealing layer 18 mm oriented-strand board 80/180 mm wood bearers/ 180 mm mineral-fibre thermal ­insulation 22 mm oriented-strand board vapour barrier 50 mm cement-bonded wood-wool acoustic soffit 5 post-and-rail facade: 70/70/4 mm steel SHSs triple glazing: 6 mm toughened glass + 14 mm cavity + 6 mm float glass + 14 mm cavity + 12 mm lam. safety glass aluminium fixing strips 6 5 –8 mm neoprene/polyurethane 95 mm reinforced screed 0.2 mm polythene sheeting 40 mm impact-sound insulation 0.2 mm polythene sheeting 300 mm reinforced concrete

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CONSTRUCTION

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MÜLIMATT SPORTS EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTRE IN BRUGG / WINDISCH, CH

Diagrams of folded modules scale 1:500 a b c d

standard vertical frame vertical frame at end of hall intermediate element: framed beam line of post-tensioning tendons

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CONSTRUCTION

Section through facade scale 1:10

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MÜLIMATT SPORTS EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTRE IN BRUGG / WINDISCH, CH

Energetic refurbishment of a gym in Berlin

The primary school at Tempelhofer Feld, a three-winged complex from the late 1950s, had lost much of its then typical lightness due to various alterations in recent decades. Moreover, numerous constructional changes had functionally affected and formally weakened the gym located on the opposite side of the playground. For the renovation, the objective of Ludloff Ludloff Architekten was to energetically optimise the hall and simultaneously to reimagine its original design qualities. A conventional false ceiling could not be installed, because the necessary increasing of the roof’s thermal insulation had already exhausted the load-bearing capacity of the ceiling. Therefore, the structure of the hall was exposed and a lighter ceiling construction was used. The supports, spanning over 13 m, remain recognisable even behind the newly suspended stretch ceiling consisting of a glass fabric in a metal frame. As a semi-transparent, weight-optimised structure, it protects lamps and acoustic components from damage by balls. The lightweight elements are curved and also run along the upper part of the glazing of the longitudinal sides, thus creating a smooth transition to the wall. They serve as a glare shield while also keeping out direct sunlight, lending the hall an airy atmo­ sphere. In order to bring more daylight into the interiors and to visually connect the inside and the outside, the north-western facade, originally only fenestrated in the upper part, was com176

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pletely opened and fully glazed. The reddish brown exposed brick walls on the front sides form a charming contrast with the light colour of the new elements and the blue hall floor: the interplay of colour and material, of old and new, shapes the cheerful spatial character. The ancillary rooms, surrounding the gym in a U-shape, were also modernised and upgraded. The architects simplified and newly organised their smallscale structure comprising changing rooms and wet rooms. As a result, the children now have two spacious areas at their disposal that are defined by elegant space-shaping objects with washbasins as well as red and green tiled showers. Lights integrated into recesses in the existing ceiling provide uniform and pleasant lighting. In the design of the facade, too, the old and the new overlap: a shell of vertical cedar wood rods surrounds the hall and its covered connecting passage to the main wing of the school building. The wooden slats are positioned in front of the existing thermal insulation composite system from the 1980s, which was only partially revised and given a visually equalising coat of paint comprising colourful lines. With respect to the bound embodied energy, this was more energy-efficient than constructing an entirely new facade structure. The gym thus combines considerate dismantling and contemporary additions with a sustainable energy concept in an exemplary manner. CONSTRUCTION

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Location Berlin, DE

Programme / Functions Gym; additional use for school-based events

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 26.00 × 13.00 × 5.60 m

Completion 2011

Structure Building stock: masonry with coffered reinforced ­concrete ceilings New building: masonry Arcade: steel structure with wooden rods

Use Primary school: general school sport Club sport: basketball, volleyball, badminton

Construction period 15 months

Lighting Maximisation of daylight use in consideration of glare protection requirements; daylight-dependent artificial lighting control Ventilation Use-dependent, controlled fresh air supply, use of passively pre-tempered air from spaces with ancillary areas b 1 b 3

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Floor plan Sections scale 1:500 1 Covered walkway 2 Foyer 3 Changing room/Showers 4 Apparatus room 5 Store for outdoor sports equipment b

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Vertical section scale 1:20 Vertical and horizontal sections scale 1:5 1 single-layer polyurethane seal 120 mm mineral-fibre thermal insulation vapour barrier 150 mm (approx.) existing concrete roof 2 composite thermal-insulation system: 10 mm rendering 5 mm reinforcing layer 60 mm mineral-wool insulation 3 double glazing: 8 mm toughened glass + 14 mm cavity with argon filling + 8 mm lam. safety glass d aluminium compression sealing strips 60/250 mm laminated timber post-and-rail facade 4 textile deflecting screen: glass-fibre mesh in aluminium frame M10 compression-resistant threaded suspension rods, painted black 5 2 mm polyurethane coating 3 mm elastic layer 2× 8 mm medium-density fibreboard 15 mm elastic4 layer d 2× 0.6 mm sheet-steel separating layer 25 mm polyurethane system sheeting with underfloor heating 70 mm thermal insulation 20 mm levelling layer e e bituminous sealing layer 180 mm existing concrete floor d

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1 single-layer polyurethane seal 120 mm mineral-fibre thermal insulation vapour barrier 200 mm (approx.) existing concrete coffered roof 2× 6.5 mm gypsum plasterboard, screw fixed, filled and smoothed 2 light fitting 3 160/3550 mm wood strips fixed with ­stainless-steel rod brackets 4 15 mm lime-cement rendering 100 mm existing mineral-wool thermal insulation 365 mm existing brick wall 15 mm gypsum plaster 5 40 mm fumed-oak bench invisibly jointed, fixed on 35/35 mm painted steel T-brackets 6 2 mm blue polyurethane coating on 2.5 mm smoothing layer 50 mm cement-and-sand screed 40 + 45 mm thermal insulation; bituminous seal 160 mm (approx.) existing concrete floor 2× 40 mm wood-wool thermal insulation 7 2 mm white polyurethane coating 2.5 mm smoothing layer 20 mm cement-bonded moistureproof slab 45 mm cement-and-sand screed 35 + 40 mm thermal insulation bituminous seal 8 25/25/5 mm mosaic tiles, adhesive fixed 2× 12.5 mm cement-bonded moistureproof slabs 50/50 mm galvanised steel channel supporting structure

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Energy scheme 1 Use of renewable raw materials 2 Daylight-based control of artificial lighting 3 Increase of the insulation standard by 20 percent 4 Improvement of the thermal comfort by flushing of night air in the halls in the summer 5 Building component optimisation according to ­solar considerations 6 Use of solar panels for hot water processing 7 Use of passively pre-tempered air from ancillary spaces 8 Demand-dependent controlled fresh air supply 9 Optimal protection against summer overheating by passive solar protection; Maximisation of daylight use taking into account glare protection requirements 10 Minimisation of the primary demand 11 Use of passively pre-tempered air from ancillary spaces

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Sports hall in Calais

The construction of the sports hall at the former industrial port near the centre of Calais marked the beginning of the former dock areas’ upgrade. Located at the Quai de la M ­ oselle, the hall with its 1,500 seats was conceived as a ­venue for professional basketball games but is also used by the schools of the surrounding quarters. The building, with a hexagonal floor plan and extensive glazed facades, is spanned by a white, canvas-like roof. The curved suspension roof defines the external appearance of the sports hall and lends dynamism to the interiors. Together with the steep tiers of the stands, this creates the “lion’s den” atmosphere desired for the basketball games. In construction terms, too, the steel load-bearing structure of a lightweight appearance forms an overall system with the ­reinforced concrete stands lying opposite each other. Their ­arrangement on both sides of the playing field and the orientation of the roof’s supporting structure along the floor plan axes made the elegant and efficient load-bearing structure p ­ ossible. The suspension roof is spanned between the two 45°-inclined stands. Their continuous, sloping, reinforced concrete panels transfer the horizontal loads from the load-bearing structure of the roof downwards. The roof has been designed as a ­doubly curved saddle surface in the form of a hyperbolic paraboloid. The nine main beams, comprising double-T profiles 190

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with a height of 500 mm at the edge and 920 mm in the centre, correspond to the suspended shape of the roof and are anchored on the stands with supports. Their spans range from 39 to 65 m and their centre distance is 6.06 m. In between these main beams runs a diagonal load-bearing system, which sta­ bilises the roof structure in a transverse direction. The underside of the white steel load-bearing structure was not clad, allowing the construction to remain exposed. Together with the exposed concrete surfaces of the stands, they lend the space a puristic and robust aura. As a haptic contrast to this, the architects had the concrete columns and supports in the entrance area sandblasted after stripping of the formwork, thus revealing their aggregates, whose structure and colour are reminiscent of the beaches near Calais. The entrances and access areas as well as the changing rooms, sanitary areas and club rooms are integrated into two floors underneath the stands. Spectators enter the hall on the northern side at street level, while the athletes do so via a separate entrance on the floor below, which leads directly to the changing rooms and the hall. The lower level thus utilises the height difference of 2.50 m to the port basin. It is accessed by spacious outside staircases, which are as much a part of the project as the new promenade along the quay wall and the parking area. CONSTRUCTION

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Location Calais, FR

Programme / Functions Sports hall, multipurpose hall and clubhouse

Completion 2018

Structure The steel catenary roof and the two reinforced concrete spectator stands form a single constructive unit.

Construction period 23 months

Dimensions of the sports hall (l × w × h) 65.40 × 48.90 m (including concrete steps to be used as grandstand) 45.00 × 32.00 m (sports facilities with retractable grandstands folded) Height: Lowest point under beam in the sports hall: 8.10 m Lowest point under ceiling in the sports hall: 8.90 m Highest point under beam in the sports hall: 10.05 m Highest point under ceiling in the sports hall: 10.50m

Lighting Extensive glass facades on all sides. Fluorescent tubes are inserted at the undersides of sloped slabs into the spines of the roof structure. A sheet of LED strip fixed on the buttressing of the frame

 

Use Basketball, badminton, volleyball, handball Suitable for basketball competitions Equipment used by a professional club and neighbouring schools Grandstands with 1,600 seats

Ventilation Dynamic system

Sections Plan layouts scale 1:1000 1 Entrance hall 2 Bar 3 Tickets 4 Meeting room 5 Playing courts 6 Refuse room 7 Office 8 Club area

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Structural elements Main beams in catenary (1), ­secondary beams curved in the ­opposite direction (2) and reinforced ­concrete spectator stands acting as supports for the main beams (3).

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APPENDIX

AUTHORS

PICTURE CREDITS

Sandra Hofmeister is editor-in-chief of Detail magazine. After studying history of art and Romance studies in Berlin and Munich, she received her doctorate at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich. She was editor-in-chief of the German edition of Domus from 2012 to 2015. Her articles on architecture and design have been published in international newspapers, magazines and books. In addition to her work as an editor and publisher, Sandra Hofmeister is a lecturer at the Faculty of Architecture of the Technical University of Munich.

Dorte Mandrup Front cover (Horizontal section,

Roland Pawlitschko is an architect, freelance author, editor, translator and architecture critic. After studying architecture at the Technical Universities of Karlsruhe and Vienna, he worked with various German and Austrian architecture firms. Today he curates exhibitions on architecture and the public sphere, organises architectural excursions and writes articles and essays that are published in books, magazines and daily newspapers. Collaborating with the Detail editorial team since 2007, he has written and designed print and online articles, especially for Detail structure. Jakob Schoof is editor at Detail, where his responsibilities are chiefly focused on specialised publications and special issues on energy efficiency and sustainability. After studying architecture at the University of Karlsruhe, he worked for the architectural magazine AIT from 2000 to 2009, initially as a trainee, then as editor and finally as divisional director of Corporate Publishing. Apart from editing, he gives lectures and chairs events, preferably in the field of sustainable building and climate protection.

202

Sports hall with flats in Copenhagen)

Javier Callejas Back cover (Campus extension in Madrid) Alexandra Timpau 5 Iwan Baan 7 bottom, 16 Iwan Baan VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2019 7 top, 22 top Nelson Kon 8, 9 Bruno Klomfar 11 top Alberto Cosi 11 bottom Alex Maclean 13 top Julienne Schaer 13 bottom Velux / Patricia Weisskirchner 15 © A. Zahner Co. 17 Shigeo Ogawa 19 Rasmus Hjortshøj / Coast 21 top, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67 Public Domain 21 bottom Mikkel Frost / Cebra 22 bottom Walter Mair 25 top, 146/147 Stef Declerc 25 bottom Gibbon Slacklines (image modification) 26 Adam Mørk 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36/37, 38 Luc Boegly 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48 Pierre L’Excellent 49 Maxime Delvaux 51, 54, 191, 193, 194 / 195 Muoto 52 Myriam Tirler 55, 56, 57 Axel Schmidt / Flussbad Berlin e.V. (image modification) 58 Mariela Apollonio 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77 Threthny/flickr (image modification) 78 David Frutos Fotografía de Arquitectura 81, 82, 84, 85, 86 / 87, 88, 89, 90, 92 / 93 Javier Callejas 9  5, 96, 98/99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105 Julien Lanoo 107, 108, 110/111, 112, 114, 115 Paul Ott 117, 118, 121, 124 top right and bottom left, 126, 127 Jasmin Schuler 120, 122, 124 top left Roland Halbe / artur 129, 132/133, 134 bottom, 136, 137 Thomas Madlener 134 top Chris Gloag (image modification) 138 Dario Pfamatter / Christian Kerez 141, 142, 148 Andreas Gabriel 144 Hannes Henz 149 Roman Keller 151, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 160 / 161 René Rötheli 1 63, 166/167, 168, 169, 171, 172 / 173 Jan Bitter 177, 179, 180, 181, 182/183, 184, 186 faceB 196, 197 bottom Jonathan Alexandre 197 top Delphine Lermite 199 Medios Publicos EP, CC BY-SA 4.0 (image modification) 200

Photographs not specially credited were taken by the architects or are works photographs or were supplied from the DETAIL archives.

PROJECT PARTICIPANTS

10 Passage Delessert 75010 Paris (FR)

Page 26 Sports hall with housing in Copenhagen

Client ICF La Sablière, Paris City of Paris

Parmagade 4 2300 Copenhagen (DK)

Architects AAVP Architecture Paris www.aavp-architecture.com

Client Municipality of Copenhagen, O. Adsbøll & Sønner, Kolding Architects Dorte Mandrup Copenhagen www.dortemandrup.dk Project architect Noel Wibrand Team Asbjørn Lütken, Nicolas Kampmann Petitmaire, John Pries Jensen, Pernille Svendsen Structural engineer Klaus Nielsen Rådgivende Ingeniører Nivå www.knas.dk Acoustic design Gade & Mortensen Akustik A/S Charlottenlund www.gade-mortensen.dk Construction management Ib Wulff Andersen, O. Adsbøll General contractor SH2 Kolding c/o O. Adsbøll & Sønner Kolding www.adsboell.dk

Page 40 Public housing with sports hall in Paris

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Project architects Vincent Parreira, Marie Brodin, Nicolas Fontaine Descambres, Lara Ferrer Structural engineer EVP ingénierie Paris www.evp-ingenierie.com HVP Bureau d'Etudes Louis Choulet Clermont-Ferrand Quantity surveyor bmf Economie du Bâtiment Paris www.bmf-economie.fr Sustainability Oasiis Aubagne www.oasiis.fr Landscape architects Atelier Roberta Paris www.atelierroberta.com Acoustic design Altia Paris www.altia-acoustique.com General contractor Eiffage Construction Vélizy-Villacoublay www.eiffageconstruction.com

Page 50 Canteen with fitness studios in Gif-sur-Yvette 620 Rue Louis de Broglie 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette (FR) Client Etablissement Public d’Aménagement Paris Saclay Architects Muoto Architects Paris www.studiomuoto.com Project architect Gilles Delalex Team Paulo Neves, Anne Gerard, Andra Stanciu Structural engineer Bollinger & Grohmann Paris www.bollinger-grohmann.com Building services and quantity surveyor Igrec Ingénierie Paris www.y-ingenierie.com Acoustic and lighting design Alternative Paris www.alternative-consulting.fr Kitchen planner Novorest Montreuil www.novorest.free.fr

Page 60 Playground and sportsground in Copenhagen Helsinkigade 30 2150 Nordhavn, Copenhagen (DK)

Client By og Havn, Copenhagen byoghavn.dk Architects JAJA Architects, Copenhagen ja-ja.dk Team Kathrin Susanna Gimmel, Jan Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Jakob Steen Christensen, Sam de Boever Structural engineering (design phase) Søren Jensen Rådgivende Ingeniører, Copenhagen sj.dk Execution planning Årstiderne Arkitekter, Copenhagen aarstiderne.dk Ingeniør’ne AS, Odense ingenior-ne.dk Graphic design Rama Studio, Copenhagen ramastudio.dk Consultants for sports installations Lokale og Anlægsfonden, Copenhagen loa-fonden.dk DGI, Copenhagen dgi.dk Contractor 5e Byg, Odense 5e-byg.dk

Page 68 Multipurpose building at Escola Gavina in Valencia Partida La Martina 46210 Valencia (ES) Client Escola Gavina Cooperativa

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Architect Carmel Gradolí, Arturo Sanz, Carmen Martínez arquitectos Valencia www.gradolisanz.acontrapeu.com

Page 94 Campus extension in Madrid

Structural engineer VALTER, Valenciana de Estructuras, S.L Valencia www.valter.es

Client Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid

Supervision and quantity survey Francesc Vallet Electrical and hydraulic engineering Pablo Gómez

Carretera Pozuelo a Majadahonda 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid (ES)

Architects Alberto Campo Baeza, Madrid campobaeza.com Project management Francisco Navarro, María Lamela, Francisco Armesto

Builder ENSECON, Obras y Servicios, S.L. Valencia www.ensecon-obras-y-servicios. pymes.com

Team Ignacio Aguirre López, Alejandro Cervilla García, María Pérez de Camino Díez, Tommaso Campiotti, Miguel Ciria Hernández, Elena Jiménez Sánchez, Imanol Iparraguirre, María Moura

Page 80 Sports hall in Es Puig d’en Valls

Structural engineer Andrés Rubio Morán

Es Puig d’en Valls Santa Eulalia del Río, Ibiza Balearic Islands (ES)

Building services Úrculo Ingenieros, Madrid urculoingenieros.com

Client Magistrate of Santa Eulalia del Río, Balearic Islands

Construction management Clásica Urbana, Valencia clasicaurbana.com

Architects MCEA Arquitectura, Murcia manuelcostoya.com

Quantity surveyor Francisco Melchor Gallego

Surveying María José González Vincente

Façade consultant José Pablo Calvo

Execution planning José María López Llaquet

Page 106 Gymnasium in Chelles

Structural engineer QL Ingenieria, Murcia ql-ingenieria.es

1 Rue Louis Eterlet 77500 Chelles (FR) Client Town council of Chelles

Architects LAN Architecture, Paris www.lan-paris.com Project architect Aure Delaroière Team Christophe Leblond, Amandine Evrard, Philippe Pelletier

Structural engineer Lackner & Raml Tragwerksplanung Villach www.lackner-raml.at

Structural engineer Mayr + Ludescher, Stuttgart (concept) Arge Müller und Merkle, Bietigheim-Bissingen

Electrical planning Lechner & Partner ZT Gmbh Villach www.ztg-lechner.com

Building services Ingenieurbüro Simon, Kirchentellinsfurt

Structural engineer Betem, Toulouse www.betem.fr

HVAC Ingenieurbüro Lakata GmbH Villach www.lakata.at

General contractor Eiffafe Seine et Marne Vélizy-Villacoublay www.eiffageconstruction.com

Building physics Pabinger & Partner ZT GmbH Krumpendorf www.pabinger.co.at

Energy consultant Isabelle Hurpy, Montreuil-sous-Bois www.eco-r.fr Mechanical services, electrical planning Forclum, Saint Denis www.eiffageenergie.com

Page 116 Sports hall in Villach St. Martiner Straße 11 9500 Villach (AT) Client Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture, town of Villach Architects Dietger Wissounig Architekten Graz www.wissounig.at Project architect Dietger Wissounig Team Patrick Steiner, Thomas Wadl

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Fire safety Ingenieurbüro Anderwald Villach www.anderwald.at Builder Strabag Villach www.strabag.com

Electrical planning Elektroplan GmbH, Göppingen Construction manager Jürgen Braunbeck, Ludwigsburg

Page 140 School in Zurich Saatlenfussweg 3 8050 Zurich-Schwamendingen (CH) Client City of Zurich, Property Management, School and Sports Department, represented by Office of Structural Engineering for Zurich

HVACP Hechenleitner & Cie GmbH Villach www.hechenleitner.at

Architect Christian Kerez, Zurich

Page 128 Sports hall in Bietigheim-Bissingen

Assistants Andrea Casiraghi, Lucas Camponovo, Ueli Degen, Michal Eidenbenz, Steffen Lemmerzahl, Andreas Skambas, Moritz Agné, Mathias Baer, Ute Burdelski, David Gianinazzi, Romina Grillo, Christian Hahn, Eva Herren, Kaori Hirasawa, Louise Lemoine, Dirk Massute, Fabien Schwartz, Eva Sommerin, Fumiko Takahama, Dominique Wehrli, Tetsuo Yamaji, Christoph Wiedemeyer

Hans-Stangenberger-Straße 3 74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen (DE) Client Town of Bietigheim-Bissingen, Office for Urban Renewal and Structural Engineering Architects Auer Weber, Stuttgart www.auer-weber.de

Project management Christian Scheidegger

Team competition Andreas Büchli, Silvio Ammann, Steffen Lemmerzahl, Florian Sauter, Selina Walder Structural engineer Dr. Schwartz Consulting AG, Zug with: dsp, Zurich Walter Kaufmann, Mario Monotti Construction management BGS, Rapperswil Landscape planning 4d AG, Bern Building services Waldhauser Haustechnik AG, Basel Facade planning gkp Fassadentechnik AG, Aadorf Lighting planning Amstein & Walthert AG, Zurich Acoustics Martin Lienhard Building physics Bakus GmbH, Zurich Page 150 Sports centre in Sargans Pizolstraße 7320 Sargans (CH) Client Office of Structural Engineering, canton of St. Gallen, St. Gallen www.hochbau.sg.ch Architects HILDEBRAND & Ruprecht Architekten, Zurich (formerly Blue Architects + Ruprecht Architekten) www.hildebrand.ch www.ruprecht-architekten.ch

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Project management Eva Herren Assistants Thomas ¬Hildebrand, Rafael Ruprecht, Reto ¬Giovanoli, Marcel Baumann, Massimo Della Corte, Katrin Pfäffli, Diana Zenklusen Structural engineer Walt+Galmarini, Zurich www.waltgalmarini.com Building management Ghisleni Planen Bauen GmbH, St. Gallen www.ghisleni.ch Timber façades and fit-out Pirmin Jung Ingenieure für Holzbau AG, Rain www.pirminjung.ch Building physics Stadlin Bautechnologie, Buchs Tel.: +49 81 75 660 35 HVAC conceptualisation Waldhauser Haustechnik AG, Münchenstein www.waldhauser-hermann.ch

Page 162 Mülimatt sports education and training centre in Windisch, Brugg Gaswerkstraße 2 5210 Windisch (CH) Client Canton of Aargau, Property, Department of Finance and Resources and town of Brugg, Brugg Architects Studio Vacchini Architetti, Locarno www.studiovacchini.ch Assistants Jerôme Wolfensberger, Luciana Bruno, Eloisa Vacchini, Mauro Vanetti Structural engineer Fürst Laffranchi Bauingenieure GmbH, Wolfwil www.fuerstlaffranchi.ch General contractor, construction management Arigon Generalunternehmung AG, Zurich www.arigon.ch

Electrical engineering Inelplan AG, Walenstadt www.inelplan.ch

Construction coordinator Paul Zimmermann + Partner AG, Vitznau www.pz-p.ch

Sanitary engineering Technoplan Sargans AG, Sargans www.tps-sargans.ch

Sanitary engineering PolyTeam AG, Brugg www.polyteam.ch

Heating and ventilation concept Kalberer + Partner AG, Bad Ragaz www.kapa.ch

Building services Gähler und Partner AG, Ennetbaden www.gpag.ch

Fire protection concept Braun Brandsicherheit AG, Winterthur www.braun-bs.ch

Electrical planning R+B Engineering AG, Brugg www.rbeag.com

Landscape design Engeler Freiraumplanung AG, Wil www.engeler-planung.ch

Façade planning PPEngineering, Riehen www.ppengineering.ch

Building physics Ragonesi Strobel & Partner, Lucerne www.rsp-bauphysik.ch Landscape planning Arch. Paolo Bürgi, Camorino www.burgi.ch

Page 176 Energetic refurbishment of a gym in Berlin Schulenburgring 7–11 12101 Berlin (DE) Client District Office of TempelhofSchöneberg, Berlin Architects ludloff + ludloff Architekten, Berlin Jens Ludloff, Laura Fogarasi-Ludloff www.ludloffludloff.de Assistants Dennis Hawner (project management) Andrea Böhm, Gabriella Looke Structural engineer GSE Ingenieur-Gesellschaft mbH, Berlin www.gse-berlin.de Building services Riethmüller Plan Gebäudetechnik, Berlin Tel.: +49 30 30612700 Building physics Müller-BBM GmbH, Berlin www.muellerbbm.de Acoustic planning Akustik Ingenieurbüro Moll, Berlin www.mollakustik.de

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Fire protection hhpberlin – Ingenieure für Brandschutz GmbH, Berlin www.hhpberlin.de

Page 190 Sports hall in Calais 2 Quai de la Moselle, 62100 Calais (FR) Client City of Calais Architects Bureau faceB, Lille, Team Camille Mourier (Associate), Germain Pluvinage (Associ¬ate), Eugénie Floret, Magali Dujardin Structural engineer Bollinger + Grohmann, Paris Team Gabriel Auger, David Chavez, François Lefeuvre, Jean ¬Remy Nguyen, Klaas De Rycke (project management)

IMPRINT Editor Sandra Hofmeister Authors Claudia Fuchs (project texts), Sandra Hofmeister, Roland Pawlitschko, Jakob Schoof Project management Michaela Busenkell Team Michaela Linder, Maria Remter, Lena Stiller, Petra Zattler Translation Julian Jain Copy editing Stefan Widdess Proofreading Meriel Clemett Design Wiegand von Hartmann GbR Sophie von Hartmann, Moritz Wiegand Illustrations Detail Business Information GmbH, München DTP Roswitha Siegler Reproduction ludwig:media, Zell am See Printing and binding: Kösel GmbH & Co. KG, Altusried-Krugzell

The FSC-certified paper used for this book is manufactured from fibres originating from environmentally and socially compatible sources. © 2019, first edition Detail Business Information GmbH, Munich detail.de detail-online.com ISBN 978-3-95553-496-7 (Print) ISBN 978-3-95553-497-4 (E-Book) This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, ­whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, re­ citation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways and storage in databases. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. Bibliographical information published by the German ­National Library. The German National Library lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographical data is available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de.

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