Table of contents : Foreword Preface Contents Chapter 1: Introduction: Chinese Higher Education and Its Political Task References Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives: Political Socialization and Higher Education Political Socialization and Educational Institutions Higher Education and Its Tasks Political Socialization in China Interactions of Different Players in Chinese Higher Education Summary References Chapter 3: Historical Review on JU (1903-2013): A Wrestle Between Political Restriction and University Autonomy in Chinese Hig... Changing Political Regimes and Struggling for Independence (1903-1949) JU in the Late Qing Dynasty (1903-1911): A Struggle for Independence from Religious Control JU in the ROC Under Sun´s Leadership (1911-1927): Enjoyment of Freedom from Government Intervention JU in the ROC Under Chiang´s Leadership (1927-1949): Struggle Between Toleration of and Resistance to Political Control Centralized Political Socialization and Restricted University Autonomy (1949-1977) JU in Socialist China Under Mao´s Leadership (1949-1966): Fulfilling Red and Expert JU in the Cultural Revolution (1966-1977): Suffering from Political Chaos Reinforced Political Socialization and Regulated University Autonomy (1977-2015) JU in Socialist China Under Deng´s Leadership (1977-1989): Switching to Modernization and Liberalization JU in Socialist China in Post-Deng Era (1989-2013): Orientated Towards Political Stability Maintenance Summary References Chapter 4: Different Players´ Deduction on Political Task State´s Consistent Expectation on Red as Premise of Expert The University´s Response on Political Requirements from the State Faculty Members´ Understanding on Political Bottom Line Students´ Inertia on the Political Task Assigned Summary References Chapter 5: The University´s Practices to Ensure the Complement of Political Task The University´s Administrative Mechanism to Ensure Political Leadership The University´s Academic Mechanisms to Implement Political Education Providing Mandatory Political Education Courses Supervising Political Sensitivity in Non-PEC Courses Influencing upon Faculty Members´ Self-Censorship The University´s Organizational Mechanisms to Reinforce Political Stability SAO System and Its Student Counselors Student Counselors Managing CPC Membership SAO Resuming Situation and Policy Course Student Counselors Filtering Students´ Political Expressions and Behaviors The University´s Extracurricular Activity Mechanisms to Facilitate Political Control CYL´s Control over the Students´ Union CYL´s Restriction on Students´ Associations CYL´s Supervision on Students´ Events CYL´s Monopoly in Important Event Organizing Summary References Chapter 6: Practices to Seek for Academic Freedom and Critical Thinking Under Political Restriction The University´s Initiatives in Search for Academic Freedom and Critical Thinking The University´s Maintenance on Public Image of Academic Independence The University´s Tolerance on the Diversity and Openness of PECs The University´s Provision on General Education Courses to Promote Critical Thinking Faculty Members Ploughing for Critical Thinking in Teaching Faculty Members´ Diversification on Teaching Contents Faculty Members´ Encouragement on Discussion and Debate Students Seeking for Critical Thinking in and out of Classroom Students´ Expectation on Critical Thinking Students´ Resistance Towards PECs Based on Academic Judgments Students´ Strive for Independent and Critical Expression Summary References Chapter 7: Practices to Look for Flexibility and Alternative Space Under Political Restriction Depoliticizing of Students´ Affairs and Activities Student Counselors´ Diluting of Political Contents in Students´ Affairs Students´ Redefinition on Political Activities Diversification on Students´ Affairs and Activities Student Counselors and CYL´s Democratization of Student Affairs CYL´s Provision of Enriched Forms of Student Activities Internationalization in and out of Classroom The University´s Pluralization in Crew on Campus The University´s Promotion on International Exchanges Pragmatizing to Pave the Way for Personal Development Students Gaining Political Capital Through Participation Students´ Mixed Motivation to Join the CPC Students´ Preparation for Future Career Development Summary References Chapter 8: Political Socialization in Chinese Higher Education: Role Differentiation as a Strategy The Meaning of Political Socialization in the Context of JU Role Differentiation as a Strategy in Chinese Higher Education Role Differentiation as a Strategy to Balance Dual Tasks Role Differentiation as a Strategy to Realize Coexistence of Restriction and Flexibility Role Differentiation as a Strategy to Cope with Political Dynamics Theoretical Implications of the Study Revisiting Theories on Political Socialization Revisiting Theories on Chinese Higher Education Limitations and Further Studies References Appendix A: Methodological Considerations Introduction Preliminary Methodological Considerations Data Collection Methods Document Collection and Review Questionnaire Observation Interviews Data Analysis Validity, Reliability, and Triangulation Validity Reliability and Triangulation References Appendix B: Political Education Courses List (1905-2015) Appendix C: List of Reviewed Documents Appendix D: List of Interviewees Appendix E: Outline of Online Course: Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Basic Knowledge of Laws Appendix F: List of Observations