Table of contents : Contents......Page 1 Preface......Page 8 Part I. Historical and Fundamental Introduction......Page 9 1. Protein Biosynthesis: Summary and Definitions......Page 11 2. Messenger RNA and the Genetic Code......Page 13 3. Transfer RNA and Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases......Page 27 4. Ribosomes and Translation......Page 45 Part II. Structure of the Ribosome......Page 57 5. Morphology of the Ribosome......Page 59 6. Ribosomal RNA......Page 69 7. Ribosomal Proteins......Page 87 8. Mutual Arrangement of Ribosomal RNA and Proteins (Quaternary Structure)......Page 103 Part III. Function of the Ribosome......Page 113 9. Functional Activities and Functional Sites of the Ribosome......Page 115 10. Elongation Cycle, Step I: Aminoacyl-tRNA Binding......Page 139 11. Elongation Cycle, Step II: Transpeptidation (Peptide Bond Formation)......Page 163 12. Elongation Cycle, Step III: Translocation......Page 175 13. Elongation Rate and Its Modulation......Page 197 14. Termination of Translation......Page 213 15. Initiation of Translation......Page 221 16. Translational Control in Prokaryotes......Page 257 17. Translational Control in Eukaryotes......Page 283 18. Cotranslational Folding and Transmembrane Transport of Proteins......Page 309 19. Conclusion: General Principles of Ribosome Structure and Function......Page 331