Quebec's Aboriginal Languages: History, Planning and Development 9781800418127

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Quebec's Aboriginal Languages

MULTILINGUAL MATTERS SERIES Series Editor Professor John Edwards, Si. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada. Other Books in the Series Coping with Two Cultures PAUL A. S. GHUMAN Language Attitudes in Sub-Saharan Africa E. ADEGBIJA Language Reclamation HUBISINWENMELY The Step-Tongue: Children's English in Singapore ANTHEA FRASER GUPTA Teaching and Researching Language in African Classrooms CASMIR RUBAGUMYA (ed.) Three Generations - Two Languages - One Family LI WEI The World in a Classroom V. EDWARDS and A. REDFERN Other Books of Interest Ethnicity in Eastern Europe SUE WRIGHT (ed.) 'Francophonie' in the 1990s DENNIS AGER Language, Culture and Communication in Contemporary Europe CHARLOTTE HOFFMANN (ed.) Language, Education and Society in a Changing World TINA HICKEY and JENNY WILLIAMS (eds) Languages in Contact and Conflict SUE WRIGHT (ed.) Language Policies in English-Dominant Countries MICHAEL HERRIMAN and BARBARA BURNABY (eds) Monolingualism and Bilingualism SUE WRIGHT (ed.)

Please contact us for the latest book information: Multilingual Matters Ltd, Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon BS217SJ, England

MULTILINGUAL MATTERS 107 Series Editor: John Edwards

Quebec's Aboriginal Languages History, Planning and Development Edited by

Jacques Maurais

MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD Clevedon • Philadelphia • Toronto • Adelaide • Johannesburg

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Quebec's Aboriginal Languages: History, Planning and Development Edited by Jacques Maurais Multilingual Matters: 107 Translation of Les langues autochtones du Québec Includes bibliographical references 1. Indians of North America-Québec (Province)-Languages. 2. Québec (Province)-Languages. I. Maurais, Jacques. II. Langues autochtones du Québec. III. Series: Multilingual Matters (Series): 107 PM351.Q43 1996 497'.09714-dc20 96-16507 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 1-85359-361-3 (hbk) Multilingual Matters Ltd UK: Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon BS21 7SJ. USA: 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007, USA. Canada: OISE, 712 Gordon Baker Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M2H 3R7. Australia: P.O. Box 6025,95 Gilles Street, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. South Africa: PO Box 1080, Northcliffe 2115, Johannesburg, South Africa. Copyright © 1996 Gouvernement du Québec and the contributors. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Typeset by Archetype, Stow-on-the-Wold. Printed and bound in Great Britain by the Cromwell Press Ltd.

Contents Acknowledgements Biographical Notes Preface to the English Edition William F. Mackey

vii viii xi

1

The Situation of Aboriginal Languages in the Americas Jacques Maurais

1

2

The Aboriginal Languages of Quebec, Past and Present Louis-Jacques Dorais

43

3

Aboriginal Language Policies of the Canadian and Quebec Governments François Trudel

101

The State of the Art in Linguistic Research, Standardisation and Modernisation in Quebec Aboriginal Languages Lynn Drapeau

129

4

5

Grammatical Sketches A The Mohawk Language Marianne Mithun B Montagnais: an Ethnogrammatical Description Danielle Cyr C Inuktitut Ronald. Lowe v

159 174 204

vi 6

7

DEVELOPMENT OF ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES The Future of Aboriginal Languages A The Future of Algonquin Molly Kistabish B The Future of Atikamekw Marthe Coocoo C The Future of the Cree Language James Bobbish D Is There a Future for the Huron Language? Linda Sioui E The Future of Inuktitut Taamusi Qumaq F Will the Micmac Language Survive? Roméo Labillois G The Future of Mohawk Myra Cree H The Future of the Montagnais Language Marcelline Picard-Canapé I The Current State an *S 5° «' f "i 2§I 1II e8 q- ^ « I < £

DEVELOPMENT OF ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES

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