Performance and Combustion Analysis of High-speed Diesel Engine in Fast Ferry under Normal Service Condition

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CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES MACHINES A COMBUSTION

INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON COMBUSTION ENGINES

PAPER NO.: 43 Performance and Combustion Analysis of High-speed Diesel Engine in Fast Ferry under Normal Service Condition Motohiro Takai, National Maritime Research Institute, Japan [email protected] Shigeji Tsukahara, National Maritime Research Institute, Japan

Abstract: The high-speed, high-power and lightweight marine diesel engine is the predominant prime mover used for high-speed ferries. Short passage and fast turn round, which is the typical operation of high-speed ferries, requires frequent starting, rapid acceleration and hot shutdown of the main engine. It is considered that such a operation in high-speed ferries is very sever conditions for high-speed diesel engines and generates frequently alternating thermal or mechanical loads on engine components, which cause various damages, for example, cracks of the material around the combustion chamber, abnormal wear of the main bearing of the crankshaft, etc. Therefore, the full-scale measurements were carried out to collect data on the performace and the load characteristics of the high-speed diesel engine in service. The vessel which measurements were performed on is 40m length catamarans high-speed passenger ferry and is powered by four Niigata high-speed diesel engines 16V16FX, rated at 2023kW/1950rpm, driving two Niigata J850R waterjets via gearboxes. Measurements were carried out under the normal ship’s service and all data were recorded continuously from the start of engine to departure, cruising, entering harbor, and the stop of engine .The measurement data are driving shaft torque of waterjet, shaft speed, engine speed, in-cylinder pressure, exhaust gas temperature, ship motions (rolling and pitching), etc. In order to analyze the engine performance and to calculate the heat release rate using in-cylinder pressure, it is necessary to record the data with high sampling rate. The onboard data acquisition system was developed, which consist of the high-speed sampling

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CIMAC Congress 2004, Kyoto

device and a large amount of data storage device with fast recording speed and which is controlled by the notebook-sized personal computer. In this paper, the following contents are described. 1. Time history and fluctuation of engine speed and the shaft output of the waterjet from the starting engine until entering port is shown, and the power absorption to shaft speed characteristic of a water jet during maneuvering in harbor and at cruising condition is described. 2. The variations of various parameters such as the engine speed, the waterjet shaft output, the maximum cylinder pressure, the ship motions (rolling and pitching) are compared in rough sea state condition and in moderate sea state condition. The power spectral analyses of shaft output and ship motions are adopted in various sea state condition. 3. Using in-cylinder pressure data in various engine operations, such as motoring, starting, idling, accelerating, cursing and decelerating, analyses of the start of combustion and .the rate of pressure rise due to combustion are performed. The induced gas vibration in the volume of connecting passage of pressure transducer is also analyzed. 4. As it is difficult to record an engine cycle reference signal in service condition, the method, which is able to obtain the angle of TDC (piston top dead center) accurately from the cylinder pressure curve analysis, is presented. According to the calculation results of the heat release rate and the average gas temperature in various engine operations, the combustion analysis of the high-speed diesel engine is discussed.

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