Pelagius's Expositions of Thirteen Epistles of St. Paul. II: Text: Number 2 (Texts and Studies: Contributions to Biblical and Patristic L): 9 1592449026, 9781592449026

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TEXTS

AND

STUDIES

CONTRIBUTIONS

TO

BIBLICAL AND .PATRISTIC LITEUATURE

EDITED BY

J. ARMITAGE ROBINSON, D.D. HON, PH,D. GOTTINGEN HON. D,D, HALLE DEAN OF WELLS

VOL. IX

No. 2. PELAGIUS'S EXPOSITIONS THIRTEEN EPISTLES OF ST PA UL : TEXrr

PELAGIUS'S EXPOSITIONS OF 'THIRTEEN EPISTLES OF ST PAUL. II TEXT AND APPARATUS CRITICUS

BY

ALEXANDER SOUTER, B.A. M.A. (OXON.) REGIUS PROFESSOR OF PALAEOGRAPHY FORMERLY SCHOLAR OF

D.LITT. (ABERD.) D.D. (ST. AND.) HUMANITY AND LECTURER IN MEDIAEVAL IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN GONVILLE AND CAIUS COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE

WIPF & STOCK • Eugene,

Oregon

Wipf and Stock Publishers 199 W 8th Ave, Suite 3 Eugene, OR 97401 Pelagius's Expositions of Thirteen Epistles of St. Paul. II Text and Apparatus Criticus By Souter, Alexander ISBN: 1-59244-902-6 Publication date 9/29/2004 Previously published by Cambridge, 1926

VNIVERSITATIS

· S • ANDREAE

· APVD SCOTOS

SENATVI·ACADEMICO QVI • ME · LAICVM GRADV • DOCTORATVS

• IN S • S

HAVD · INDIGNVM

THEOLOGIA

· HABVIT

HOC·EGO•GRATI•ANIMI•DOCVMENTVM OFFERO

INTRODUCTORYNOTE

T

HE welcome accorded to the first volume was most gratifying to the editor, especially as a considerable part of it could not be fully understood till the text of the Expositions was published. The conclusions arrived at in the first volume have on the whole borne the test imposed on them by the compilation of the critical apparatus, but as one or two points have become clearer in the course of its composition, it may be well to summarise the textual situation as it now appears. The authorities labelled AH1V are based, in parts at least, on a slightly shorter form of the work than that which lies behind BH2G. The archetype of AH1V omitted several verses towards the close of certain Epistles, namely verses containing salutations. It would seem that Pelagius, at least at first, did not copy out these verses, because he had nothing to say about them. On the other hand, the BH 2G family omits many notes on Philippians. In the AH1V family the Biblical text of the lemmatais very close to the Vulgate. The investigation in the first volume made it clear that this Vulgate character is due to the deliberate action of a reviser later than Pelagius himself. The Biblical text in B, G throughout First Corinthians and sometimes elsewhere, Sd, and very often D, is doubtless Pelagius's own text. In these MSS the passages of the Epistles missing from the AH1V family are found in their places. In them also there are a very few notes not present in A11tH 1V. It would seem that B~G, so far as the Pelagian notes are concerned, go back to a form slightly later thanA11tH1V, but not necessarily due to another author than Pelagius. If any scholar will contend that it is due to some one else, the name of Caelestius, his companion and co-author, is ready to hand 1. The exposition seems sometimes to support a Vulgate 1 Some of these notes, like in I Gar. vi 20 a.nd in Pit. i 12, suggest a later date.

25

viii

INTRODUCTORY

NOTE

reading in the lemma rather than the non-Vulgate reading printed by me. Some will say that in such cases it was my duty to put the Vulgate reading into the text. But I have refrained from doing so because of the uncertainty which surrounds the Biblical texts of the early part of the fifth century. As a matter of fact, there are other places where the B(G)SdD reading is just as clearly presupposed by the comments. In view of the general situation and the necessity for economizing space, I have used square brackets throughout to indicate a part omitted either from A or B, whether in text or in comment. These square brackets will .at once send the reader to the apparatus. It has now become evident to me that .the expositions in the manuscript called V are based on a copy for which not only the A type and Pseudo-Jerome, but Cassiodorus also was employed. This last fact was unknown to me when vol. I was published, but is perfectly clear now from such passages as the expositions of Rom. xv 31, 2 Cor. xi 12, xiii 10, Eph. ii 14, v 32, Col. ii 20, iiii 5-6. I should, therefore, be less ready now to suggest that Pelagius's "own copy to which he added notes from time to time" (vol. I p. 255) lies behind the wonderful compilation preserved to us in V. Further study has shown that Zmaragdus employed a Pseudo-Jerome of the second class, using the symbol P to indicate it. I should now doubt whether he also possessed a pure Pelagius. The reader should study the critical appar~tus to the passages indicated in vol. r p. 333. Cassiodorus and his pupils deliberately substituted the Vulgate text throughout for that which they found in their copy of Pelagius, and the Cassiodorian lemmata as restored by me from the editio princeps of Pseudo-Primasius and the MS 270 at Grenoble, will henceforth constitute a first-class authority for the Vulgate text of the thirteen Epistles of St Paul. As regards the interpolations contained in HG and V, I am happy to state that the SyndiQS of the ·Press have kindly consented to their publication in a supplementary volume, which ought .to appear within a year or two after this. The volume will not, however, contain the Cassiodorian interpola-

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

ix

tions or alterations, which are properly reserved for my edition of Cassiodorus in the Vienna Corpus. In a review of my first volume in the Bulletin d' Ancienne Litterature Chretienne Latine for October 1922, Dom De Bruyne revealed the existence of a Pseudo-Jerome manuscript which does not appear in my lists. This twelfth century manuscript is at Gottweig Benedictine Abbey, near Krems, Lower Austria, where it bears the number 23 (36). By the aid of a grant from the Hort Fund and the courtesy of the Abbot and Prior, I was able to make some study of the manuscript in August, 1924. Dom de Bruyne assigns it to my second class. This is not correct. In fact the MS belongs neither to the first nor to the second class, but constitutes a class by itself. :For instance, it has the Epistles in the Pelagian order, and yet comprises the commentary on Hebrews. A collation of test passages renders it very improbable that it preserves the true Pelagian text in any place where all other authorities have lost it, but it is clear that a complete collation is desirable in the interest of the interpolations, and this I hope to make in time for the third volume. It would he too much to expect that I have attained absolute accuracy in the presentation of the many thousands of data recorded in this volume, but at least I hope the reports of .A.and B m~y be relied on, for I have been enabled by the kindness of the Managers of the Hort Fund at Cambridge, and the authorities at the Landes-Bibliothek in Karlsruhe and at Balliol College, Oxford, to collate these MSS afresh with the printed text in this volume. The orthography adopted is almost exclusively that of A. I hope that the absence of the orthographical index, which I intended to publish in this volume, will not be too greatly regretted. In view of the fact that the volume is much longer than either the Syndics or I intended, I have felt it my duty to withhold this material, which may one day find a place in a new and comprehensive treatise on Latin orthography, a subject in which I have always taken a very great interest. For reasons of space I have also curtailed the indexes of words and names as much as possible.

X

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

I cannot conclude this note without offering to the officials and workmen of the Press my most cordial thanks for the way in which they have presented what is perhaps the most complicated piece of Latin critical apparatus they have ever been called upon to print. I trust also that the use of square brackets in the text has not unduly marred what is a veritable work of art. A. SOUTER. ABERDEEN, January 17th, 1925.

CONTENTS PAGE

2

CoDIOV!lrl MA.Nv SO&IPTORV!lrl CoNSPEOTVS .ARGVMENTV!lrl

0:MNIVMEPISTVLARVM

3

l'RoLOGVS EPISTVLAE AD ROMANOS •

6

.AnRoMANOS

8

.ARGVMENTV!lrl PRIMAE EPxsToLAE

AD CoRINTmos

•

127

AD CoRINTmos

I .

128

AD CoRINTfilOS

IT

231

AD G.ALATAS •

306

AD EPHESIOS

344

.An P.mJ..n,pENSES

.AnTllESSALONIOENSES J

387 417

II

439

•

AD THESSALONIOENSES

.AnCoLOSSENSES

•

451

.An Tnt:OTHEV!lrl I .

474

.An Tnt:oTiiEV!lrl II

506

.An TITV!lrl

525

AD l'mLEMONEM

INDICES.

251
sque foedere HGV(=vg)+absque honore Cas 11 "'pot. al. Cas aliis] aliorum Sd miserere H 12 degesta H gesta RG peooata om. V dicuntur BHGV 13 relinquentes B uicissim om. A 14 et nos om. V quod (quid V) malum BHGV 16 cum ex om. G quodom.E quisqueH(om.S)G 17 iust.]+ineoGcorr.mg. cogn.]cognouisse diciturH(-8 testatur; hii qui)G 18 infuturo]futuros HG* omn. hor. HG 25 uidebantur H(-E)G propterea] propter quqd AHGVCas (=vg)

19

IN ROMANOS

iudicas. in quo enim alium iudicas, te ipsum condemnas: eadem enim agis quae iudicas. Om.neshuiusmodi iudicabant, maxi-

me tamen de his qui habe[ba ]nt in reprehendendo iudicium. iudiceset domini conueniuntur. naturali enim iudicio dignam factis profert unus quisque sententiam, omnesque norunt et 5 innocentiam mereri praemium et malitiam habere supplicium. 2 Scimus autem quoniam iudici'um dei est secundum ueritatem

in eos [qui talia agunt]. Secundum ueritatem est iudicium quo iudica[bu]ntur huiusmodi, qui condemnare in aliis potuerunt quae per se committere non timebant. si enim tu, 10 peccator, peccatoreni tui similem iudicas, quanto magis deus iustus te iudicabit iniustum, ne illi mala placere. et displicere bona forsitan uideantur,. quippe quern sine personarum acception~ [constat] nee amicis suis nee angelis peccantibus [legimus]pepercisse ! humanum autem iudicium multis modis 15 corrumpitur; amore, odio, timore, auaritia saepe iudicum integritas uiolatur, et contra iustitiae regulam interdum misericordia inclinatur. 3 Existimas autem hoc, o homo [omnis] qui iudicas de his qui talia agunt, et f oois ea. qu[on]ia[m] tu effugies iudicium dei? 4 an diuitias bonitatis eius et patientiae 2° et longanimitatis contemnis, ignorans quoniam bonitas dei ad paenitentiam te adducit? Aut numquit propterea tibi de

impunitate blandiris, quia deus in praesenti non reddit, et longitudinem temporis et abundantiam bonitatis intuens, putas iam non esse iudicium? audi [immo] scripturae sen- 25 1