Table of contents : Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1 Beginnings Chapter 2 Child-Rearing in the Nineteenth-Century Chapter 3 Day-Care and Moral Improvement: The Case of Futaba Yōchien Chapter 4 Day-Care and Economic Improvement: The Kobe War Memorial Day-Care Association Chapter 5 Nationalism, Motherhood, and the Early Taishō Expansion of Day-Care Chapter 6 Late Taishō Day-Care: New Justifications and Old Goals Chapter 7 Conclusion Epilogue: Since 1945 Notes Bibliography