P207: Joints in Steel Construction Moment Connections

Table of contents :
FOREWORD
PICTORIAL INDEX
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 About This Design Guide
Table 1.1 Steel grades
1.2 Classification of Connections
Figure 1.1 Moment - rotation of a connection
1.3 Exchange of Information
Table 1.2 Methods of frame design
1.4 Costs
Figure 1.2 Classification of moment connections
1.5 Definitions
1.6 Major Symbols
2 BOLTEDENDPLATECONNECTIONS
2.1 Scope
Figure 2.1 Typical end plate connections
2.2 Design Philosophy
Figure 2.2 Forces in the connection
Figure 2.3 Distribution of bolt forces
Figure 2.4 Component design checks
2.3 Capacity Checks
2.3.1 Tension Zone
Figure 2.5 Equivalent T-Stubs
Table 2.1 Tensile capacity of a single 8.8 Bolt
Figure 2.6 Column flange or end plate bending & bolt strength
2.3.2 Compression Zone
Figure 2.7 Steps in calculating the distribution of bolt forces
2.3.3 Shear Zone
Table 2.2 Methods of strengthening columns
2.4 Methods of Strengthening
2.5 Connection Rotational Stiffness
Figure 2.8 Column web panel shear
Figure 2.9 Methods of strengthening
2.6 Standardisation
Table 2.3 Standard components
Figure 2.10 Standardised flange welds
2.7 Using the Capacity Tables
2.8 Design Procedures - Rigorous Method
Figure 2.11 Flow diagram - design checks
Figure 2.12 Check zones for an extended end plate connection
Step 1 - Potential Resistances of Bolt Rows in the Tension Zone
Step 1A - End Plate or Column Flange Bending or Bolt Yielding
Step 1B - Web Tension in Beam or Column
Step 1C - Modification of Bolt Row Force Distribution
Step 2A - Compression Check - Column
Step 2B - Compression Check - Beam
Step 3 - Design for Column Panel Shear
Step 4 - Calculation of Moment Capacity
Step 5 - Design for Vertical Shear Forces
Step 6A - Design of Column Compression Stiffeners
Step 6B - Design Using Column Flange Backing Plates
Step 6C - Design of Tension Stiffeners
Step 6D - Design of Supplementary Web Plates
Step 6E - Design of Diagonal Shear Stiffeners
Step 7 - Design of Welds
Step 8 - Design of a Haunched Connection
2.9 Abridged Method for Manual Design
Figure 2.41 Typical flow diagram for abridged manual design
Figure 2.42 Simplified distribution of bolt row forces
2.10 Worked Example Using the Abridged Method for Manual Design
Preliminary Sizing
Tension Zone
Calculate Resistance Moment
End Plate Design
Compression Zone
Column Web Panel Shear
Vertical Shear in Bolts
Welds
Summary
3 WIND-MOMENT CONNECTIONS
3.1 Introduction
Figure 3.1 Typical wind-moment connection
3.2 Design Method
3.3 Design Rules
3.4 Standard Details
Table 3.1 Wind-moment connections
Table 3.2 Standard wind-moment connections
Table 3.3 Comparative performance of the standard wind-moment connections
4 WELDED BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTIONS
4.1 Scope
Figure 4.1 Shop welded beam to column connections
Figure 4.2 Site welded beam to column connections
4.2 Shop Welded Connections
Figure 4.3 Shop welded beam stud connection
Figure 4.4 Column manipulator for welding beam stubs to columns
4.3 Site Welded Connections
4.3.1 Fully Welded Connections
Figure 4.5 Site connection - fully welded
4.3.2 Flange Welded, Web Bolted Connections
Figure 4.6 Site connection - flanges welded, web bolted
4.4 Design Philosophy
Figure 4.7 Components of the connection requiring design checks
4.5 Design Procedures
Figure 4.8 Flow diagram - design checks
Figure 4.9 Check zones
Step 1 - Distribution of Forces In Beam
Step 2A - Beam Flange Capacity Check
Step 2B - Resistance of Column Flange in Bending
Step 2C - Resistance of Column Web in Tension
Step 3 - Compression Check - Column
Step 4 - Resistance of the Column Web Panel in Shear
Step 5 - Design of Welds
Step 6 - Design of Fin Plate Connections
4.6 Site Welded Worked Example
Distribution of Forces
Beam Flange Tension Capacity
Column Flange in Bending
Column Web in Tension
Column Web in Compression
Column Web Panel Shear
Compression Stiffeners
Tension Stiffeners
5 SPLICES
5.1 Scope
5.2 Bolted Cover Plate Splices
5.2.1 Connection Details
Figure 5.1 Typical bolted cover plate splices
5.2.2 Design Philosophy
Figure 5.2 Design checks for bolted splices
5.2.3 Capacity Checks
5.2.4 Stiffness and Continuity
5.3 Design Procedures
Figure 5.3 Design sequence
Step 1 - Distribution of Forces in Member Flanges
Step 2 - Flange Capacity Check and Design of Flange Plates
Step 3 - Design of Flange Bolts
Step 4 - Design of Web Plates and Bolts
Step 5 - Design for Moment from Strut Action
5.4 Bolted Splice - Worked Example
Distribution of Internal Forces
Flange Capacity and Design of Flange Cover Plates
Design of Flange Bolts
Web Plates and Bolts
5.5 Bolted Moment End Plate Splices
5.5.1 Connection Details
Figure 5.9 Typical bolted moment end plate splices
5.5.2 Design Procedures
5.6 Beam-Through-Beam Moment Connections
5.6.1 Connection Details
5.6.2 Design Procedures
Figure 5.10 Typical beam through beam splices
5.7 Welded Splices
5.7.1 Connection Details
Figure 5.11 Typical welded splices
5.7.2 Design Philosophy
5.7.3 Capacity Checks
Figure 5.12 Full strength site welds with backing strips
6 COLUMN BASE CONNECTIONS
6.1 Scope
Figure 6.1 Typical column base connections
6.2 Design Philosophy
Figure 6.2 Distribution of forces and equations of equilibrium
6.3 Capacity Checks
Table 6.1 Strength of bedding material
Table 6.2 Concrete strengths
Table 6.3 Preferred sizes of holding down bolts & anchor plates
6.4 Rigidity of Column Base Connections
6.5 Standardisation
6.6 Bedding Space for Grouting
6.7 Preliminary Sizing of Base Plate
Table 6.4 First trial plate dimensions
Table 6.5 Preliminary sizing chart for UC column bases with C25 concrete
6.8 Stiffened Base Plates
Table 6.6 Suitable base plate thickness for stiffened column bases
6.9 Design Procedure
Figure 6.3 Flow diagram for base design
Step 1 - Calculation of Bolt Tension and Concrete Compression
Step 2 - Design Base Plate Thickness
Step 3 - Holding Down Bolts and Anchorage
Step 4 - Shear Transfer to Concrete
Step 5 - Welds - Base Plate to Column Shaft
6.10 Column Base Worked Example
Preliminary Sizing
Bolt Tension and Concrete Compression
Base Plate Thickness
Holding Down Bolts and Anchorage
Shear Transfer to Concrete
Welds - Base Plate to Column
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Worked Example - Bolted End Plate
Potential Resistance of Bolts in Tension Zone
Resistance of the Column Web & Beam Flange in the Compression Zone
Resistance of the Column Web Panel in Shear
Calculation of Moment Capacity
Design for Vertical Shear Force
Weld Design
Design of Compression Stiffeners
Design of Column Flange Backing Plates
Calculate Bolt Row Resistances
Design of Tension Rib Stiffeners
Design of Column Supplementary Web Plates
Design of Morris Stiffener
Appendix 2
Hierarchy of Authority
The Choice of Symbolism
Exceptions to Published Standards
1 - EC3 - Rotational Stiffness Formula
2 - EC3 - The 'Rigid' Criterion
3 - EC3 - Influence of High Compressive Stress in the Column
4 - EC3 - Yield Patterns
5 - EC3 - Web Tension
6 - EC3 - Limit to Plastic Distribution of Bolt Row Forces - Procedure J.3.1
7 - EC3 - Limit to Plastic Distribution of Bolt Row Forces - Procedure J.3.2
8 - EC3 - Column Web Buckling
9 - EC3 - Beam Flange Compression
10 - EC3 - Two Sided Connections
11 - BS 5950 - Interaction of Bolt Tension and Shear
12 - BS 5950 - Compression Stiffeners the '80%' Rule
13 - Stiffener Design
14 - EC3 - Supplementary Web Plates
15 - EC3 - Flange to End Plate Weld
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
CAPACITY TABLES
Bolted End Plate Connections
Notes on Use
Beam Tables
Column Tables
Worked Examples
Example 1 - Partial Strength Connections
Example 2 - Full Strength Connections
Example 3 - Connection with Axial Tension
Example 4 - Connection with Axial Compression
Beam Tables
767x267UB: Grade 43: M24 8.8 bolts
686x254UB: Grade 43: M24 8.8 bolts
610x305UB: Grade 43: M24 8.8 bolts
610x229UB: Grade 43: M24 8.8 bolts
533x210UB: Grade 43: M24 8.8 bolts
457x191UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
457x152UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
406x178UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
406x140UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
356x171UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
356x127UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
305x165UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
305x127UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
305x102UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
254x146UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
254x102UB: Grade 43: M20 8.8 bolts
767x267UB: Grade 50: M24 8.8 bolts
686x254UB: Grade 50: M24 8.8 bolts
610x305UB: Grade 50: M24 8.8 bolts
610x229UB: Grade 50: M24 8.8 bolts
533x210UB: Grade 50: M24 8.8 bolts
457x191UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
457x152UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
406x178UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
406x140UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
356x171UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
356x127UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
305x165UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
305x127UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
305x102UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
254x146UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
254x102UB: Grade 50: M20 8.8 bolts
Column Tables
Unstiffened Columns: Grades 43 & 50: 3 Pairs M24 8.8 bolts
Rib stiffened columns: Grades 43 & 50: 4 Pairs M24 8.8bolts
Web stiffened columns: Grades 43 & 50: 3 Pairs M24 8.8 bolts
Unstiffened columns: Grades 43 & 50: 3 Pairs M 20 8.8 bolts
Rib stiffened columns: Grades 43 & 50: 4 Pairs M20 8.8 bolts
Web stiffened columns: Grades 43 & 50: 3 Pairs M20 8.8 bolts
Portal Frame Connection Capacity Tables
Notes on Use
Worked Example using the Capacity Table
Eaves Haunch Connections
533x210UB Rafters: Grade 43
457x191UB Rafters: Grade 43
457x152UB Rafters: Grade 43
406x140UB Rafters: Grade 43
356x127UB Rafters: Grade 43
Portal Frame Apex Haunch Connections
Wind-Moment Connection Capacity Tables
Notes on Use
Worked Example using the Capacity Tables
Connection to inner column
Connection to outer column
Capacity Tables
Flush End Plates
1 Row M20 8.8 bolts
2 Rows M20 8.8 bolts
Extended End Plates
2 Rows M20 8.8 bolts
3 Rows M20 8.8 bolts
Flush End Plates
1 Row M24 8.8 bolts
2 Rows M24 8.8 bolts
Extended End Plates
2 Rows M24 8.8 bolts
3 Rows M24 8.8 bolts
Dimensions for Detailing
Materials Strengths and Fasteners
Steel Strengths, Bolt and Electrode Strengths
Ordinary Bolts - Capacities
'HSFG' Bolts - Capacities
Countersunk Bolts - Capacities
Welds - Capacities
Dimensions for Detailing
Ordinary Bolt Assemblies
High Strength Friction Grip Assemblies
Bolt Access Dimensions
Holding Down Bolts
Dimensions
Universal Beams
Universal Columns
Joists