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Nothing About Us Without Us
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NOTHING ABOUT US WITHOUT US Disability Oppression and Empowerment
James 1. Charlton
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
Berkeley / Los Angeles / London
Quot.uiolls ti'onl Eugene Willi,llllS, Idt:lfS Study Visit RCp01-t, .\fe reprinted by pennission of thc World Institutc on l)is~lbility. Quotation ti'onl JC.lll Stcwart, TbL' Rody's M,,·II'W1"."., cop~ ...ight © 1989 by Jean Stcwart, is reprinted by pcrnlissioll of St. 1\1,lrtin IS Press I ncorpor~\ted. Quot,uion ti'onl J,lnlcs Baldwin, No NtUI'U' i11 tbe Strfct, copyright © 1972 by )allles It;lldwin., is reprinted by pCrlnission of Doubleday, .1 di\'ision of B,lnt~lnl l)oubleday l)cH Publishing (,roup., Inc. Quot,nion ti'onl l)crrick Bell., FaCt's at tbf Rottmn of tilL' Well, copyright © 1992, is rcprintcd b~' pernlission of HarpcrCollins Publishcrs.
University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press London, England First paperback printing 2000 Copyright © 1998 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress-in-Publication Data Charlton, James 1. Nothing about us without us : disability oppression and empowerment / James I. Charlton. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-520-22481-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) I. Handicapped-Civil rights. 2. Handicapped-Social conditions. 3. Discrimination against the handicapped. 4. Sociology of disability. 5. Stigma (Social psychology) I. Title. HV1568.C37 1998 323.3'087-DC21 97-1661 CIP
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To My Mother and Father for Everything
To Ed Roberts and the Movement He Touched
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Contents
THE ARGUMENT
ix
ACI