Notes Illustrating the Military Geography of the United States, 1813–1880 9781477306444

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Notes Illustrating the MILITARY GEOGRAPHY of the United States 1813-1880

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Notes Illustrating the MILITARY GEOGRAPHY of the United States 1813-1880 Compiled by Raphael P. Thian

With Addenda Edited by John M. Carroll Foreword by Robert M. Utley

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS PRESS, AUSTIN

In the interest of economy, this edition of Thian's notes has been printed directly from the first edition. No attempt has been made to correct any typographical errors in that edition.

International Standard Book Number 0-292-75515-5 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 79-63158 Copyright © 1979 by the University of Texas Press All rights reserved

CONTENTS

Part I.

Foreword

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

Introduction

xi

Military Divisions, Departments, Districts, and Reconstruction Districts

Part II. States and Territories of the United States

5 113

Part III. List of Maps in the Military Atlas of the United States

169

Index of Commands

175

Index of Commanders

179

Addenda Notes by Francis B. Heitman Memorandum

183 185 189

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FOREWORD When the Adjutant General's Office in 1881 published Raphael Thian's ''notes" on U.S. military geography, it performed a useful service for the little Regular Army. In a single, documented reference volume, Thian traced the confusing mutations through which the divisions, departments, and districts that defined the Army's command structure had evolved since 1813. He also performed an exceedingly useful service for later generations of students of U.S. military history. This value, however, has been limited by the extreme scarcity of the book. Few libraries boast a copy, and rare-book dealers seldom list it. Happily, this deficiency is now remedied and the volume will be more generally available. In some copies of the original edition, every other page was left blank, presumably to allow owners to keep it up to date by penning in changes that were announced by successive orders. At least this was the use given these pages by the previous owner of my copy. As identified on the inside front cover, he was " F . B. Heitman, Returns Div., A.G.O." Students of nineteenth-century military history will recognize Heitman as the compiler of the encyclopedic Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, published in 1903 and also an indispensable reference tool. In his neat script, Heitman kept my copy of Thian reasonably current. He corrected mistakes and typographical errors, posted changes, and used the end jackets as a repository for copies of the printed orders that made new changes in the command structure. Although lacking these valuable hand-written annotations, this new edition nonetheless comes as a welcome contribution to the source materials of the Army's history. Organization is not a particularly exciting subject, but the Civil War and the Indian hostilities of the nineteenth century cannot be truly understood without knowing how the contenders organized themselves. Both Heitman and Thian are basic to an understanding of how the U.S. Army organized itself. Heitman has long been available, both in the original edition and in reprint. With this reprint of Thian, John M. Carroll and the University of Texas Press have performed a signal service to history.

Robert M. Utley

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Grateful acknowledgment is made to Dale Floyd, Elmer 0. Parker, James Walker, and Sara Jackson of the National Archives in Washington, D.C., who introduced me to Thian's book and impressed upon me its absolute importance in military research. I am also deeply indebted to Douglas B. Ball for having done all the original research on Raphael Thian's life and for putting it all together in his introduction to the reprint of Thian's Register of the Confederate Debt. Finally, I extend my gratitude to Robert M. Utley of the National Park Service for writing the Foreword to this reprint. He also allowed his personal copy of the book (once owned by Francis B. Heitman) to be made available to me since it contained many interesting and important annotations, which have been compiled and included in this volume.—J.M.C.

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INTRODUCTION This book is a monumental contribution to our history and one long overdue for recognition as a valuable research tool. In existence since 1881, it includes a multitude of facts about military divisions, districts, departments, and reconstruction districts, as well as their dates of creation, their commanders, and their geographical boundaries. Further, the book defines states and territories of the United States with the military departments or districts embraced by them. Also included is a list of maps which in compilation represents a military atlas of the United States at the time of publication. Thian, the book's compiler, added to this a list of presidents, vice-presidents, secretaries of war, generalsin-chief, and adjutant generals; an index of commands and an index of commanders; and, finally, four fold-out charts. Three of these charts are devoted to a chronological scale of all the military divisions, districts, and departments, with one representing the period 1813 to 1860, the second covering the period 1861 to 1865, and the third covering the period 1866 to 1880. These charts are designed to show at a glance the month and year of creation of all the military divisions, their discontinuance (if any by 1880), their various commanders, and, finally, their mergers, if any. The fourth chart is constructed to show states and territories of the United States with the date of each's ratification of the Constitution or secession from the Union. The bulk of the book, of course, is devoted to a chronological exhibit of military commands along with the history of each. Very little personal history on Raphael Thian exists and there is even some confusion concerning the data of his early life. Family records indicate that Raphael Prosper Thian was born in Paris, France, sometime in 1829, but oficial records state that he was born at Denil in the Department of Seine et Oise on April 5, 1830. It may be that he was born in late December 1829 but his birth was not a matter of official record until April 5, 1830, for there was some political turmoil in France in those days that could have accounted for the delay. There is no confusion, however, about his family. Raphael's father, Antoine Louis Thian, had been a soldier of France for many years and had served in all of Napoleon's campaigns except, the records indicate, those in Spain and Russia. This was long before Raphael was born; in fact, the father remained in the army—a bachelor—until his retirement on February 25, 1817. His last rank was captain in the Fifth Regiment of Light Infantry. After retirement he married and this union produced Raphael. There is no record, of course, but it is presumed that his father's former profession and experiences, no doubt relived and recounted many times during Raphael's youth, were responsible for the son's love of the military. It was to be manifested in later years by his service to the United States. By the time Raphael was a late teenager, France was being torn by revolutionary disruption. He was faced with unemployment and poor prospects for

xii

INTRODUCTION.

the future. It is no wonder that he decided to leave France in order to seek a better life. In 1850 he sailed for Canada where he stayed for a very short time before moving to the United States. It is unknown if the English language was then a problem for him, but he possibly acquired a passing fluency in it while in Canada for he joined the U.S. Army for a five-year hitch on November 13, 1850. His first assignment was in Buffalo, New York, with Company C, 4th Artillery Battalion. Further search of records indicates an assignment at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, on March 8, 1851, and by Order No. 131, Headquarters 6th Department, Fort Leavenworth, November 22, 1851, he was detached for duty with Headquarters. Later, he was transferred to New York with a duty assignment at the General Recruiting Service at Headquarters of the Army at Fort Jay. At this assignment, Raphael Thian held the rank of sergeant, but on September 1, 1853, he resigned to accept a position on General Winfield Scott's civilian staff, supposedly at the urging of the general himself. In his civilian capacity Thian attained the rank of clerk second class, a position he held at the time of General Scott's retirement. Never one to be at loose ends, Thian left for Washington, D.C., where he found a job with the Attorney General's Office, and by April 1, 1864, he had risen to the comfortable rank of clerk fourth class. Then, on July 1, 1871, he was appointed chief clerk of A.G.O., a position he held for the next forty years. He survived the various mergers and changes of his office, including the one in 1904 when A.G.O. and the Military Pension Office were merged into the Military Secretary's Office. In 1907, it separated once again and A.G.O. was "reborn." On December 19, 1911, just four years after the redesignation of A.G.O., Raphael Thian died. He was over eighty years old and had been in the federal service of the United States for sixty-one years, fifty of them in A.G.O. Throughout these sixty-one years he was responsible for many publications and publication ideas, for here was a man who had a strong sense of history, a man who thought the recording and compilation of data would be of tremendous value to historians at the time and in later years. His major contribution, to many, is the Military Geography of the United States, even though it is flawed by small errors of omission. These faults, however, are minor compared to the enormous historical value and reputation the book has managed to attain among the people aware of its existence. One other remarkably impressive publication of his was the compilation of data under the title Register of Issues of Confederate States Treasury Notes Together with Tabular Exhibits of the Debt, Funded and Unfunded, of the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865. This was published by the Government Printing Office in 1880 and has recently been reprinted by Quarterman Publications, Inc., of Boston, under the less clumsy title Register of the Confederate Debt. A lesser known publication of his has to do with the history of the seal of the Confederate States. Only two copies of this are known to exist, one at the Library of Congress and the other at Duke University. John M. Carroll

ADJUTANT GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT.

NOTES ILLUSTRATING THE

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF

THE

UNITED STATES. COMPILED B Y

E A P H A E L P. T H I A N, C H I E F CLERK, ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE.

PART

I.—Military divisions, districts, departments, and reconstruction districts, giving date of creation, commanders and geographical boundaries. PART II.—States and Territories of the United States, giving military department or district in which embraced. PART III.—List of maps to compose the military atlas of the United States.

1813-1880.

WASHINGTON:

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.

1881.

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Presidents, Vice-Presidents, Secretaries of War, Generalexin-Chief, and Adjutants General, 1789-1880. War Department. President.

Vice-President. General-in-chief.

Adjutant General.

Bvt, Brig. Gen. Josiah Harmer, Sept. -, 1789. Mai. Gen. Arthur Sinclair, Mar. —, 1791. Mai. Gen. A n t h o n y Wayne, Mar. —, 1792. March 4,1793, to George Washington, Virginia, John Adams, Massachusetts, Timothy Pickering, Massachusetts, Jan. 2,1794 Brig. Gen. James WilJames McHenry, Maryland, Jan. 27,1796. second term. kinson, Dec. —, 1796. second term. March 4,1797. Lieut. Gen. Geo. WashMarch 4,1797, to John Adams, Massachusetts. Thomas Jefferson, Virginia James Marshall, Virginia, May 7,1800 Samuel Dexter, Massachusetts, May 13,1800. ington, July 3,1798. March 4,1801. Roger Griswold, Connecticut, Feb. 3,1801 Maj. Gen. James Wilkinson, June 15,1800. Henry Dearborn, Massachusetts, Mar. 5,1801. March 4,1801, to Thomas Jefferson, Virginia... Aaron Burr March 4,1805. March 4,1805, to Thomas Jefferson, Virginia, George Clinton, New York. second term. March 4,1809. George Clinton, New York, William Eustis, Massachusetts, Mar. 7,1809... Maj. Gen. Henry Dear- Brig. Gen. T. H. CushMarch 4,1809, to James Madison, Virginia ing, July 11,1812. second term. John Armstrong, New York, Jan. 13,1813. born, Jan. 27,1812. March 4,1813. Maj. Gen. Jacob Brown, Brig. Gen. Daniel ParMarch 4,1813, to James Madison, Virginia, sec- El bridge Gerry, Massachu- James Monroe, 1Virginia, Sept. 27,1814 ker, Nov. 22,1814. Alex. J. Dallas, Pennsylvania, Mar.—, 1815. setts. J u n e —, 1815. ond term. March 4,1817. William H. Crawford, Georgia, Aug. 1,1815. 2 D. D. Tompkins, New York George Graham,* Virginia, Apr. 7, 1817. March 4,1817, to James Monroe, Virginia John C. Calhoun, South Carolina, Dec. 16,1817. March 4,1821. Brig. Gen. H. Atkinson, March 4,1821, to James Monroe, Virginia, sec- D. D. Tompkins, New York, J u n e 1,1821. second term. ond term. March 4,1825. Col. J a m e s Gadsden, Aug. 13,1821. Maj. Gen. Alex'r Ma- Col. Roger Jones, Mar. March 4, 1825, to John Quincy Adams, Massa- John C. Calhoun, South Car- James Barbour, Virginia, Mar. 7,1825 Peter B. Porter, New York, May 26,1828. 7,1825. olina. comb, May 28,1828. chusetts. 4,1829. March March 4, 1829, to Andrew Jackson, Tennessee.. John C. Calhoun, South Car- John H. Eaton, Tennessee, Mar! 9,1829, Lewis Cass, Ohio, Aug. 1,1831. olina, second term. March 4,1833. March 4, 1833, to Andrew Jackson, Tennessee, Martin Van Buren, New Benjamin F. Butler, New York, Mar. 3,1837. York. second term. March 4,1837. March 4, 1837, to Martin Van Buren, New York. R. M. Johnson, Kentucky... Joel R. Poinsett, South Carolina, Mar. 7,1837March 4,1841. John Bell, Tennessee, Mar. 5,1841 Maj. Gen. Winfield John Tyler, Virginia March 4, 1841, to William H. Harrison, Ohio Scott, J u n e 25,1841. John McLean, Ohio, Sept. 13,1841. March 4,1845. John Tyler, Virginia, Apr. 4, John C. Spencer, New York, Oct. 12,1841. 1841. James M. Porter, Pennsylvania, Mar. 8,1843. William Wilkins, Pennsvlvania, Feb. 15,1844. George M. Dallas, Pennsyl- William L. Marcy, New York, Mar. 6,1845. March 4,1845, to James K. Polk, Tennessee vania. March 4,1849. April 30,1789, to George Washington, Virginia. John Adams, Massachusetts. Henry Knox, Massachusetts, Sept. 12,1789 March 4,1793.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES.

Secretary.

ς»

4

Presidents, Vice-Presidents, Secretaries of War, General8-in-Chief, and Adjutants General, 1789-1880—Continued. War Department. President.

Vice President.

March 4,1849, to Zachary Taylor, Louisiana .. March 4, 1853. Millard Fillmore, New York, July 9, 1850. March 4,1853, to Franklin Pierce, New Hampshire. March 4,1857. March 4,1857, to James Buchanan, Pennsylvania. March 4,1861. March 4,1861, to Abraham Lincoln, Illinois . . . March 4,1865.

March 4,1865, to Abraham Lincoln, Illinois, second term. March 4,1869. Andrew Johnson, Tennessee, Apr. 15,1865. March 4,1869, to Ulysses S. Grant, Illinois March 4,1873. March 4,1873, to Ulysses S. Grant, Illinois, second term. March 4,1877. March 4,1877, to Rutherford B. Hayes, Ohio .. March 4,1881.

Millard Fillmore, New York. George W. Crawford, Georgia, Mar. 8,1849 Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott,* July 23,1850. Charles M. Conrad, Louisiana, Aug. 15,1850. William R. King, New York Jefferson Davis, Mississippi, Mar. 5, 1853.

General-in-chief.

Adjutant General.

Maj. Gen. Winfield Col. Roger Jones, Mar. Scott, J u n e 25,1841. 7, 1825.

John C. Breckinridge, Ken- John B. Floyd, Virginia, Mar. 6,1857. Joseph Holt, Kentucky, Jan. 18,1861. tucky. Hannibal Hamlin, Maine Simon Cameron, Pennsylvania, Mar. 5,1861... Maj. Gen. Geo. B. Mc- Col. Lorenzo Thomas, Mar. 7,1861. Edwin M. Stanton, Pennsylvania, June 15,1862. Clellan, Nov. 1,1861. Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck, July 23,18621 Lieut. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, Mar. 12,1864. Andrew Johnson. Tennessee! General U. S. Grant,* Aug. 12,1867. Brig. Gen L. Thomas,* Feb. 21,1868. John M. Schofield, 111., May 28,1868. I

General W. T. Sher- Brig. Gen. E.D. TownsSchuvlcr Colfax, Indiana ... John A. Rawlins, 111., Mar. 11,1869 General W. T. Sherman,* Sept. 9,1869. man, Mar. 4,1869. ¡ end, Feb. 22,1869. William W. Belknap,3 Iowa, Oct 25, 1869. Henry Wilson, Massachu- Alphonso Taft, Ohio, Mar. 8,1876. James D. Cameron, Pennsylvania, May 22, 1876. chusetts. William A. Wheeler, New George W. McCrary, Iowà, Mar. 12,1877 Brig. Gen. R. C. Drum, Alexander Ramsey, Minn., Dec. 10,1879. York. J u n e 17,1880.

* Appointed Secretary ad interim. ' M r . Dallas, Secretary of the Treasury, undertook in March, 1815, "the additional trust of Secretary of War," as Mr. Crawford, the appointee, was then Minister to France, awaiting recall. * Mr. Isaac Shelby, of Kentucky, was tendered the appointment of Secretary of War March 5, 1817, which he declined. «Hon. G. M. Robeson. Secretary of the Navy, acted as Secretary of War from March 29, 1873, to May 16, 1873, during absence of Secretary Belknap. (Executive order of March 29, 1873.)

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES.

Secretary.

PART I. MILITARY DIVISIONS, DEPARTMENTS, DISTRICTS, AND RECONSTRUCTION DISTRICTS, GIVING

DATE OF CREATION, NAMES OF COMMANDERS, AND GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARIES.

1813-1880.

5

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CHRONOLOGICAL EXHIBIT OF MILITARY COMMANDS.

(Divisions and departments in italics or designated by figures in antique (black) are new creations. MARCH 19, 1813. Military districts Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. J U L Y 2, 1814. Military districts Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 1 0 . MAY 17, 1815. Division of the North.—Departments Division of the South.—Departments

Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Nos. 6, 7, 8, and 9. MAY 17, 1821.

Eastern and Western Departments. MAY 19, 1837. Eastern Division.—Departments Western Division.—Departments

Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Nos. 1 and 2. SEPTEMBER 1, 1841.

EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 3, 4, 5, and 6. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 2, and 7. J U L Y 12, 1842. Departments Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. A P R I L 20, 1844. Eastern Division.—Departments Western Division.—Departments Departments Nos. 4 and 9.

Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8. Nos. 1, 2, and 3. SEPTEMBER 14, 1845.

EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 2, and 3. Department No. 4. NOVEMBER 3, 1846. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 2, and 3. Departments Nos. 4, 9, and 1 0 . 7

8

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED

STATES.

AUGUST 31, 1848. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Departments Nos. 10 and 1 1 . OCTOBER 10, 1848. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Pacific Division.—Departments Nos. 10 and 11. MAY 17, 1851. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 3 and 4. WESTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 6, 7, 8, and 9. PACIFIC DIVISION. MARCH 8, 1852. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 3 and 4. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. PACIFIC DIVISION. AUGUST 14,1852. EASTERN DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 1, 3, and 4. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. PACIFIC DIVISION. OCTOBER 25, 1852. EASTERN DIVISION,—Departments Nos. 1, 3, and 4. W E S T E R N DIVISION.—Departments Nos. 6, 7, 8, and 9. PACIFIC DIVISION. OCTOBER 31, 1853. Departments of the East, New Mexico, Pacific, Texas, and West. MARCH 27, 1856. Departments of the East, Florida, New Mexico, Pacific, Texas, and West. JANUARY 1, 1858. Departments of the East, Florida, New Mexico, Pacific, Texas, Utah, and West. MARCH 27, 1858. Departments of the East, Florida, New Mexico, Pacific, Platte, Texas, Utah, and West. AUGUST 1, 1858. Departments of the East, New Mexico, Pacific, Platte, Texas, Utah, and West. SEPTEMBER 13, 1858. Departments of California, East, New Mexico, Oregon, Platte, Texas, Utah, and W e s t . MAY 16, 1859. Departments of California, East, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Utah, and West. JANUARY 15, 1861. Departments of the East, New Mexico, Pacific, Texas, Utah, and West.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY O F T H E UNITED STATES.

9

A P R I L 9,1861.

Departments of t h e East, New Mexico, Pacific, Texas, Utah, Washington, and West. A P R I L 27, 1861.

Departments of Annapolis, East, New Mexico, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West. M A Y 3, 1861.

Texas, Utah,

Departments of Annapolis, East, New Mexico, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Washington, and West. M A Y 22, 1861. Departments of Annapolis, East, New Mexico, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and West. MAY

27, 1861.

Departments of Annapolis, East, New Mexico, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Northeast Virginia, Washington, and West. MAY

28, 1861.

Departments of Annapolis, East, Kentucky, New Mexico, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Northeast Virginia, Washington, and West. J U L Y 3, 1861.

Departments of Annapolis, East, Kentucky, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Northeast Virginia, Washington, and Western. J U L Y 19, 1861.

Departments of t h e East, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Shenandoah, Virginia, Northeast Virginia, Washington, and Western. J U L Y 25, 1861.

Division of the Potomac.—Northeast Virginia and Washington. Departments of the East, Kentucky, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Shenandoah, Virginia, and Western. A U G U S T 15, 1861. D I V I S I O N O F T H E POTOMAC.—Northeast Virginia and Washington.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, East, Ohio, Pacific, Pennsylvania, Shenandoah, Virginia, and Western. AUGUST 17, 1861.

Departments of the Cumberland, East, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, and Western. S E P T E M B E R 19, 1861.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, East, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, Western Virginia, and Western. OCTOBER 1, 1861.

Departments of the Cumberland, East, New England, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, Western Virginia, and Western. OCTOBER 26, 1861.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, New England, New York, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, Western Virginia, and Western.

10

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED N O V E M B E R 9,

STATES.

1861.

Departments of Kansas, Missouri, New England, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, and Western Virginia. J A N U A R Y 7,

1861.

Departments of Kansas, Missouri, New England, New Mexico, New York, North CavoUna, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, and Western Virginia. J A N U A R Y 11,

1862.

Departments of Kansas, Key West, Missouri, New England, New Mexico, New York, North'Carolina, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, and Western Virginia. F E B R U A R Y 20,

1862.

Departments of Kansas, Key West, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, aud Western Virginia. F E B R U A R Y 23,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Kansas, Key West, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, Virginia, and Western Virginia. MARCH 11,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Key West, Mississippi, Mountain, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, and Virginia. MARCH 15,

1862.

Departments of t h e Gulf, Mississippi, Mountain, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. MARCH 22,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Middle, Mississippi, Mountain, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. A P R I L 4,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Middle, Mississippi, Mountain, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, Rappahannock, Shenandoah, South, and Virginia. MAY

2, 1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Mississippi, Mountain, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, Rappahannock, Shenandoah, South, and Virginia. JUNE,

26,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. AUGUST 19,

1862.

Departments of the Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. SEPTEMBER 6,

1862.

Departmeiite of the Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY O F T H E UNITED STATES.

11

SEPTEMBER 19, 1862.

Departments of t h e Gulf, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. OCTOBER 16, 1862.

Departments of t h e Gulf, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Tennessee, and Virginia. OCTOBER 24, 1862.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Tennessee, and Virginia. J A N U A R Y 3, 1863.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Tennessee, and Virginia. F E B R U A R Y 2, 1863.

Departments of t h e Cumberland, East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington. J U N E 9, 1863.

Departments of the Cumberland, East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, Mouongahela, New Mexico, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington. J U N E 24, 1863.

Departments of the Cumberland, East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, Mouongahela, New Mexico, North Carolina, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Tennessee, Virginia, Washington, and West Virginia. J U L Y 15, 1863.

Departments of the Cumberland, East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, Monongahela, New Mexico, Northwest, Ohio, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Tennessee, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. OCTOBER 16, 1863.

Division of the Mississippi.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee. Departments of t h e East, Gulf, Middle, Missouri, Monongahela, New Mexico, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. J A N U A R Y 1, 1864.

DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio and Tennessee, East. Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Missouri, Mouongahela, New Mexico, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. JANUARY 6, 1864. D I V I S I O N OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee.

Departments of Arkansas, East, Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Missouri, Mouongahela, New Mexico, Northwest, Pacific, Potomae, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. J A N U A R Y 12, 1864. DIVISION O F T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, andTennessee.

Departments of Arkansas, East, Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Missouri, Monongahela, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia a n d North Carob'na, Washington, and West Virginia.

12

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY

OF THE UNITED STATES.

APRIL 6, 1864. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee. Departments of Arkansas, East, Gulf, Kansas, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. MAY 7, 1864. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee. Division of West Mississippi.—Arkansas and Gulf. Departments of the East, Kansas, Middle, Missouri, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. MAY 27, 1864. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, Middle, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, Susquehanna, Virginia and North Carolina, Washington, and West Virginia. AUGUST 7, 1864. Middle Military Division,—Middle, Susquehanna, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland, Ohio, and Tennessee. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia and North Carolina. NOVEMBER 28, 1864. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Susquehanna, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and Ohio. DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia and North Carolina. DECEMBER 1, 1864. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia, DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and Ohio. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia and North Carolina. JANUARY 17, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. JANUARY 18, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and Ohio. DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Missouri. Departments of the East, Kansas, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Northwest, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. JANUARY 30, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland*. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Missouri and Northwest. DIVISION OF WEST MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas and Gulf. Departments of the East, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES.

13

JANUARY 31, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and North Carolina. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Missouri and Northwest. DIVISION O F W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas and Gulf. Departments of the East, Mississippi, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. FEBRUARY 10, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY D I V I S I O N . - M i d d l e , Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and North Carolina. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Missouri and Northwest. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Gulf, and Mississippi. Departments of the East, Kentucky, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. MARCH 21, 1865. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION O F THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and North Carolina. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Northwest, DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Gulf and Mississippi. Departments of the East, Kentucky, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, South, and Virginia. A P R I L 19, 1865. Division of the James.—Virginia and part of North Carolina. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and part of North Carolina. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Northwest. DIVISION OF W E S T MISSISSIPPI.—Gulf and Mississippi. Departments of t h e East, Kentucky, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, aud South. MAY 17, 1865. DIVISION OF T H E JAMES.—Virginia and part of North Carolina. MIDDLE MILITARY DIVISION.—Middle, Pennsylvania, Washington, and West Virginia. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Cumberland and part of North Carolina. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Northwest. Division of the Southwest. Departments of the East,Gulf, Kentucky, New Mexico, Northern, Pacific, Potomac, and South. J U N E 27, 1865. Divition of the Atlantic.—East, Middle, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Division of the Gulf.—Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Ohio. Division of the Pacific.—California and Columbia. Division of the Tennessee.—Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Department of Washington. OCTOBER 7, 1865. DIVISION OF THE ATLANTIC.—East, Middle, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E GULF.—Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. DIVISION OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Ohio. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC.—California and Columbia. DIVISION OF THE TENNESSEE.—Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Department of Washington. MARCH 56, 1866. DIVISION OF THE ATLANTIC.—East, Middle, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. DIVISION OF THE GULF.—Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. DIVISION OF T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Platte.

14

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED . STATES.

DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—California and Columbia. DIVISION OF T H E TENNESSEE.—Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Department of Washington. MAY 19, 1866. DIVISION O F THE ATLANTIC.—Carolinas, East, Middle, and Virginia. DIVISION O F T H E GULF.—Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Missouri, Ohio, and P l a t t e . DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—California and Columbia. DIVISION O F THE TENNESSEE.—Kentucky, South, and Tennessee. Department of Washington. J U N E 5, 1866. DIVISION O F THE ATLANTIC—Carolinas, East, Middle, and Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E GULF.—Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. DIVISION O F T H E MISSISSIPPI.—Arkansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—California and Columbia. DIVISION O F T H E TENNESSEE.—Cumberland and South. Department of Washington. AUGUST 6, 1866. Division of the Missouri.—Arkansas, Missouri, and Platte. D I V I S I O N O F T H E PACIFIC—California and Columbia. Departments of the East, Gulf, Lakes, Potomac, South, Tennessee, and Washington. AUGUST 11, 1866. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Arkansas, Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—California and Columbia. Departments of the East, Gulf, Lakes, Potomac, South, Tennessee, and Washington. MARCH 11, 1867. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—California and Columbia. Departments of the East, Lakes, Washington, and First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Military Districts. MARCH 12, 1867. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—California and Columbia. Departments of the Cumberland, East, Lakes, Washington, and First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Military Districts. FEBRUARY 12, 1868. Division of the Atlantic.—East, Lakes, and Washington. DIVISION O F THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—California and Columbia. Departments of the Cumberland, and First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Military Districts. MARCH 18, 1868. DIVISION OF T H E A T L A N T I C — E a s t , "Lakes, and Washington. DIVISION O F T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—Alaska, California, and Columbia. Departments of the Cumberland, and First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Military Districts. J U L Y 28, 1868. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and Washington. DIVISION O F THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE P A C I F I C — A l a s k a , California, and Columbia. Departments of the Cumberland, Louisiana, South, and First, Fourth, and Fifth Military Districts.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E

UNITED

STATES.

15

MARCH 16, 1869. DIVISION O F THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and First Military District. DIVISION O F THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION O F THE PACIFIC—Alaska, California and Columbia. Division of the South.—Cumberland, Louisiana, South, and Fourth Military District, Fifth Military District. JANUARY 29, 1870. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and Virginia. DIVISION O F T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION O F THE PACIFIC—Alaska, California, and Columbia. DIVISION OF THE SOUTH.—Cumberland, Louisiana, South and Fourth Military District. Fifth Military District, F E B R U A R Y 26, 1870. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and Virginia. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—Alaska, California, and Columbia. DIVISION OF T H E SOUTH.—Cumberland, Louisiana, and South. Fifth Military District. MARCH 31, 1870. DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and Virginia. O F T H E MISSOURI—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. OF THE PACIFIC—Alaska, California, and Columbia. O F THE SOUTH.—Cumberland, South, and Texas.

DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t , Lakes, and Virginia. OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. OF T H E PACIFIC—Alaska, Arizona, California, and Columbia. OF T H E SOUTH.—Cumberland, South, and Texas.

A P R I L 15, 1870.

A P R I L 30, 1870. DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF T H E A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. O F THE P A C I F I C — A l a s k a , Arizona, California, and Columbia. OF T H E SOUTH.—Cumberland, South, and Texas.

DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. OF THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. O F T H E PACIFIC—Alaska, Arizona, California, and Columbia. O F T H E SOUTH. —South and Texas.

DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

O F T H E A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. O F THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. O F THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia, OF T H E SOUTH.—South and Texas.

DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF T H E A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. OF THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. OF THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. O F THE SOUTH.—Gulf and South.

MAY 4, 1870.

J U L Y 1, 1870.

NOVEMBER 1, 1871.

JANUARY 15, 1872. DIVISION O F THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. DIVISION O F THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION O F THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Departments of the Gulf and South.

16

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED

STATES.

NOVEMBER 25, 1872. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t and Lakes. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. D I V I S I O N OF T H E PACIFIC.—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Division of the South.—Gulf and South. DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OCTOBER 31, 1873. OF THE ATLANTIC. OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. OF T H E PACIFIC.—Arizona, California, and Columbia. OF T H E SOUTH.—Gulf and South.

DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION

OF THE ATLANTIC. OF T H E MISSOURI.—Gulf, Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. OF THE PACIFIC.—Arizona, California, and Columbia. OF T H E SOUTH.—South.

JANUARY 4, 1875.

J U N E 26, 1876. DIVISION OF T H E ATLANTIC—South. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Gulf, Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. MARCH 2, 1877. DIVISION OF T H E ATLANTIC—South. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Gulf, Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Department of West Point.—(Independent.) MAY 1, 1877. DIVISION OF THE ATLANTIC.—Gulf and South. DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION OF T H E PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Department of West Point.—(Independent.) NOVEMBER 8, 1877. DIVISION OF THE ATLANTIC—East, Gulf, and South. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Department of West Point.—(Independent.) JULY 1, 1878. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t and South. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, Platte, and Texas. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Department of West Poini.—(Independent.) DECEMBER 18, 1880. DIVISION OF THE A T L A N T I C — E a s t and South. Division of the Gulf.—Arkansas and Texas. DIVISION OF T H E MISSOURI.—Dakota, Missouri, and Platte. DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC—Arizona, California, and Columbia. Department of West Point.—(Independent.)

HISTORY OF MILITARY COMMANDS. DIVISION

OF T H E ATLANTIC.

June 27, 1865, to August 6, 1866. June 27, 1885.—To consist of the New England States and t h e States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland (except Montgomery County, t h a t part of Anne Arundel County south of the Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad, including the city of Aunapolis, and Prince George's, Calvert, Charles, and Saint Mary's Counties), West Virginia, Virginia (except Alexandria and Fairfax Counties), South Carolina, and North Carolina. (Composed of the Middle Department and the Departments of the East, Virginia, South Carolina, and North Carolina.— G. 0. No. 118, A. G. 0., 1865.) July 1, 1865.—Maj. Gen. GEOKGE G. MEADE, U. S. Army; headquarters at Philadelphia, Pa. (Assigned by G. Ο. No. 118, A: G. O., June27, 1865.) May 19, 1866.—Composed of t h e Middle Department and t h e Departments of the East, Virginia, and the Carolinas. (Departments of South Carolina and North Carolina consolidated.—G. 0. No. 32, A. G. 0., 1866.) August 6, 1866.—Discontinued.

(G. 0. No. 59, A. G. O., 1866.) February 12, 1868, to—

February 12, 1868.—To consist of the New England States, the States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Delaware, and Maryland, and t h e District of Columbia. (Composed of the Departments of the East, Lakes, and Washington.—G. 0. No. 10, A. G. O., 1868.) March :31, 1868.—Maj. Gen. W I N F I E L D S. HANCOCK,* U. S. A r m y ; headquarters a t

Washington City.

(Assigned by G. O. No. 17, A. G. 0., March 28, 1868.)

October 17, 1868.— Headquarters established at New York City. O., October 14, 1868.)

(G. (J. No. 83, A. G.

March 16, 1869.—To consist of the New England States, t h e States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia, and the District of Columbia. (Composed of the Departments of the East and Lakes and First Military District; State of Illinois. Department of the Lakes, transferred to the Department of the Missouri; Department of Washington merged into the Department of the East; First Military District added to the division.—G. 0. No. 18, A. G. O., 1869.) March 29, 1869.—Maj. Gen. GEORGE G. MEADE, IT. S. Army; headquarters at Philadelphia, Pa. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 10, A. G. 0., March 5, 1869.) *The order creating the Division of the Atlantic designated W. T. Sherman as its commander, but General Sherman never assumed command.

2 Μ G

(17)

18

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY

OF T H E UNITED

STATES.

January 29, 1870.—To consist of the New England States, the States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina, and the District of Columbia. (Composed of the Departments of the East, Lakes, and Virginia. The new department absorbed the First Military District, and took Maryland from the Department of the East, West Virginia from the Department of the Cumberland, and North Carolina from the Department of the South.—G. 0. No. 11, A. G. 0., 1870.) April 30, 1870.—Composed of the Departments of the East and Lakes. (Department of Virginia merged into the Department of the East.—G. 0. No. 41,* A. G. 0., April 15 1870.) November 1, 1871.—To consist of the New England States, the States of New New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, land, Virginia, and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. (North lina, Department of the East, transferred to the Department of the South.—G. 66, A. G. O., 1871.)

York, MaryCaroO. No.

December 16, 1872.—Maj. Gen. WINFIKLD S. HANCOCK, U. S. Army; headquarters a t New York City. (Assigned by G. O. No. 100, A. G. O., November 25, 1872; see also G. O. No. ΙΟ5,Α. G. O., December 7, 1872.) October 31, 1873.—The Departments of the East and Lakes having been discontinued, this division embraces the same geographical limits as heretofore, but withput subdivisions as departments. (G. O. No. 106, A. G. O., October 29, 1873.) June 26, 1876.—To consist of the New Eugland States, the States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, the District of Columbia, the States of North Carolina, South Caroliua, Georgia, Florida, and the parts of Tennessee and Kentucky east of the Tennessee River. (North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and the parts of Tennessee and Kentucky east of the Tennessee Fiver, Department of the South, annexed to the Division of the Atlantic.—G. O. No. 50, A. G. O., 1876.) March 2, 1877.—To consist of the New England States, the State of New York (except the Military Academy and the post of West Point), New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, the District of Columbia, the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and the parts of Tennessee and Kentucky east of the Tennessee River. (Military Academy and post of West Point created an independent military department—G. O. No. 15, A. G. O., 1877.) May 1, 1877.—To consist of the New Eugland States, the State of New York (except t h a t portion formiug the Department of West Point), New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, the District of Columbia, the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Arkansas, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, and Tennessee. (Louisiana, Arkansas, Alabama, Mississippi, and the parts of Kentucky and Tennessee west of the Tenncssee, River, Department of the Gulf, transferred to the Division of the Atlantic—G. O. No. 42, A. G. O., 1877.) November 8, 1877.—All territory within the limits of the division and not included in the Departments of the Gulf, South, and West Point, created the Department of the East. (G. O. No. 101, A. G. O., 1877.) July 1, 1878.—Headquarters established at Governor's Island, New York Harbor. O. No. 42, A. G. O., 1878.)

(G.

* This order, directing the discontinuance of the Department of Virginia after June 1, 1870, was amended by instructions of J u n e 26, 1870.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES.

19

December 18, 1880.—To consist of the New England States, t h e States of New York (except t h a t part forming the Department of West Point), New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, and the District of Columbia. (Louisiana and Arkansas transferred to the Division of the Gulf.—G. 0. No. 84, A. G. 0., 1880.) EASTERN

DIVISION.*

May 1», 1837, to July 12, 1842. May 19, 1837.—To embrace all of the country east of a line commencing at the mouth of the Mississippi, thence up t h a t river to Cassville, in the Territory of Wisconsin, and thence north to the line of demarkation between the United States and Canada. (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 3,* 4, 5, 6, and 7.—G. 0. No. 32, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. 0., 1837.) June 5, 1837.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. W I N F I E L D SCOTT,t U. S. Army; headquarters at Eliza, bethtown, N. J. (Assigned by G. O. No. 32, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. 0., May 19, 1837.) September 1, 1841.—To consist of t h a t part of the United States east and south of a line commencing at the mouth of the Mississippi; thence up t h a t river to Cairo, 111.; up the Ohio River to the point where it intersects the western boundary of Pennsylvania, and thence north to Lake Erie. (Department No. 7 transferred to Western Division.—G. O. No. 51, A. G. 0., 1841.) September 8, 1841.—Brig. Gen. J O H N E. WOOL, U. S. Army ; headquarters at Troy, N. Y. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 51, A. G. 0., 1841.) March 29, 1842.—To consist of t h a t part of the United States east and south of a line commencing at the mouth of Pearl River; up t h a t river to where it is intersected by the northern boundary of Louisiana ; along t h a t boundary to the Mississippi River; thence up that river to Cairo, 111.; up the Ohio River to where it intersects the western boundary of Pennsylvania, and thence north to Lake Erie. (Part of Louisiana east of the Mississippi River transferred to the Western Division.—G. O. No. 19, A. G. 0., 1842.) · July 12, 1842.—Discontinued. (G. 0. No. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.) April 20, 1811, to August 31, 1818. April 20, 1844.—To consist of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8.—G. O. No. 17, A. G. O., 1844.) April 27, 1844.—Brig. Gen. J O H N E. W O O L ; headquarters at Troy, Ν. Υ. (Assigned by G. O. No. 17, A. G. O., April 20, 1844.) September 14, 1845.—To consist of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and t h a t part of Florida east of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida.! September 1, 1846.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES, U. S. Army; headquarters at New York. (Assigned by G. O. No. 40, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. 0., 1846.) , 184-. . (Assigned by —.) * See note on Military Department No. 3. t General Scott, who had been in command of the Eastern Department, did not formally assume command of the Division, but simply changed the caption of his orders. X As by G. O. No. 38, Headquarters Array, A. G. O., August 12, 1845, that part of ¡Florida east of line from Fond du Lac to Cape Sable was, on the discontinuance of Military Department No. 9, to be transferred to Department No. 8, and as this latter Department was within the Eastern Division, it has been assumed, as a necessary sequence, that the limits of the Division were extended to correspond, though not specifically stated in orders.

20

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED

STATES.

August 21, 1848.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES, U. S. Army. (Resumed command.) August 31, 1848.—To consist of the country east of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, including the States of Indiana and Georgia, but excluding t h e States of Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee. (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4.—G. O. No. 49, A. G. 0., 1848.) September 7, 1848·—Maj· Gen. W I N F I E L D SCOTT; headquarters at New York. by G. O. No. 49, A. G. 0., 1848.)

(Assigned

June 22, 1849.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. J O H N E. W O O L ; * headquarters at Troy, Ν. Υ. (Assigned by G. (). No. 1, Headquarters Army, 1849.) August 7, 1849.—To consist of the country east of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, including the States of Indiana and Georgia, but excluding t h e States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and t h e whole of Florida. (Part of Florida east of above-described line temporarily transferred to the Western Division.—Letter from A. G. 0., 1849.) November 25, 1850.—To consist of the country east of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, including t h e States of Indiana and Georgia, b u t excluding the States of Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee. (Part of Florida east of above-described line restored to the Eastern Division.—Letter from A. G. O., 1850.) February 11, 1852.—To consist of the country east of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, including the States of Indiana and Georgia, but excluding t h e States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and t h e whole of Florida. (Part of Florida east of above-described line temporarily transferred to the Western Division.—G. 0. No. 4, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., 1852.) October 31, 1853.—Discontinued.

(G. (). No. 25, A. G. ., April 15, 1870.) December 31, 1872.—Brig. Gen. EDWARD R. S. CANIÍY, U. S. Army. (Assumed temporary command during absence of General Schofield.) April!,

1873.—-Maj. Gen. J O H N M. SCHOFIELD, U. S. Army.

July 1, 1876.—Maj. Gen. IRVIN MCDOWELL, U. S. Army. 1876.)

(Resumed command.) (G. O. No. 50, A. G. O.,

July 1, 1878.—Headquarters established at the Presidio of San Francisco, Cal. No. 42, A. G. 0., 1878.) DIVISION

OF T H E

(G. O.

POTOMAC.

July 25, 1861, to August 17, 1801. July 25, 1861.—To consist of the District of Columbia, Fort Washington, and the country adjacent, the· State of Maryland as far as Bladensburg, inclusive, the counties of Prince George's, Montgomery, and Frederick, Maryland, and t h a t part of Virginia east of the Allegheny Mountains and north of the James River, except Fort Monroe and sixty miles around the same. (Composed of the Departments of Washington and of Northeast Virginia.—G. O. No. 47, A. G. O., 1861.)

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES.

27

July 25, 1861.—Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN ; headquarters at Washington City. (Assigned by G. 0. Xo. 47, A. G. 0., 1861.) August 17, 1861.—Discontinued.

(G. 0. Xo. 15, Headquarters Army, 1861)

DIVISION

OF T H E

SOUTH.

May 17, 1813, to May 17, 1821. May 17, 1815.—To consist of the District of Columbia, the States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Tennessee, Kentucky, and the Territories of Mississippi, Missouri, and Illinois. (Embraces Military Departments Xos. 6;7, 8, and9.—G. ()., A. and I. G. O., 1815.) , 1815.—Maj. Gen. ANDREW JACKSON, U. S. Army; headquarters at (Assigned by G. 0., A. and I. G. 0., 1815.) May 17, 1821.—Discontinued.

.

(G. O., A. and I. G. 0., 1821.)

March 16, 1869, to January 15, 1872. March 16, 1869.—To consist of the States of West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas, except the post of Fort Smith. (Composed of the Departments of the Cumberland, South, and Louisiana, and the Fourth Military District.—G. O. Xo. 18, A. G. O., I869.) June 17, 1869.—Maj. Gen. H E N R Y \V. HALLECK, U. S. Army; headquarters at Louisville, Ky. (Assigned by G. O. Xo. 18, A. G. 0., March 16, 1869.) January 29, 1870.—To consist of the States of South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Arkansas, except the post of Fort Smith. (States of ¡Vest Virginia, Department of the Cumberland, and Xorth Carolina, Department of the South, transferred to the Department of Virginia.—G. O. Xo. 11, A. G. 0., 1870.) February 26, 1870.—To consist of the States of South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas, except the post of Fort Smith. (Composed of the Departments of the Cumberland, South, and Louisiana. Fourth Military District merged into the Department of the Cumberland.—G. 0. Xo. 25, A. G. 0., 1870.) March 31, 1870.—To consist of the States of South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. (Composed of the Departments of the Cumberland, South, and Texas. State of Arkansas, Department of Louisiana, transferred to the Department of the Missouri. State of Texas taken from the Fifth Military District.—G. Ο.,Χο. 35, A. G. O., 1370.) May A, 1870.—Composed of the Departments of the South and Texas. (Department of the Cumberland merged into the Depariment of the South.—G. O. Xo. 41, A. G. O., April 15, 1870, and telegram of May A, 1870.) Xovember 1, 1871.—To consist of the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas. (Composed of the Departments of the South and Gulf. Department of Texas transferred to the Dirision of the Missouri. Department of the Gulf formed of parts of the Departments of the South, Missouri, and Texas. Xorth Carolina, Department of the Fast, added to the Department of the South,—G. O. Xo. 66, A. G. O., 1871.) January 15, 1872.— Discontinued.

(G. O. Xo. A, A. G. O., 1872.)

28

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY O F T H E UNITED

STATES.

November 25, 1872, to June 26, 1876. November 25, 1872.—To consist of t h e States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Tejonessee, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas. (Composed of the Departments of the South and Gulf.—G. 0. No. 100, A. G. 0., 1872.) December 11, 1872.—Maj. Gen. IRVIN" MCDOWELL, V. S. Army ; headquarters at Louisville, Ky. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 100, A. G. O., November 25, 1872.) January 4, 1875.—To consist of the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida, except the Gulf posts (not in Mobile Bay) as far eastward as, and embracing, Fort Jefferson and Key West· (Department of the Gulf transferred to the Division of the Missouri.—Telegram, A. G. O. January 4, 1875.) June26,

1876.—Discontinued.

(G. O. No. 50, A. G. O., 1876.)

DIVISION

OF T H E

SOUTHWEST.

May 17, 1865, to June, 27, 1865. May 17, 1865.—To consist of the country west of the Mississippi River and south of the Arkansas River. (Composed of the State of Texas and parts of the Departments of the Gulf and Arkansas.—G.O. No. 95,A. G.O., 1865.) May 29, 1865.—Maj. Gen. P H I L I P H. SHERIDAN, U. S. Army; headquarters art New

Orleans, La, (Assigned by G. O. No. 95, A. G. O., 1865.) June 27, 1865.—Discontinued.

(G. O. No. 118, A. G. O., 1865.)

DIVISION

OF T H E

TENNESSEE.

Juue 27, 1865, to August 6, 1866. June 27,1865.—To consist of the States of Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama, and the cities of Jeftersonville and New Albany, Ind. (Composed of the Departments of the Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama.—G. O. No. 118, A. G. O., 1865.) June 20, 1865.—Maj. Gen. GEORGE H. THOMAS, U. S. Army; headquarters at Nashville, Tenn. (Assigned by G. O. No. 118, A. Cr. ()., 1865.) October 7, 1865.—To consist of the States of Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama, and t h e cities of Jeffersonville and New Albany, Ind. (Department of the Mississippi taken from the Division of the Gulf.—G. O. No. 142, A. G. O., 1865.) May 19, 1866.—Composed of the Departments of Tennessee, Kentucky, and the South. (Departments of Georgia and Alabama consolidated.—G. O. No. 32, A. G. O., 1866.) June 5, 1866.—To consist of the States of Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama. (Composed of the Department of the Cumberland,* Tennessee, and South.—G. O. No. 36, A. G. ()., 1866.) (G. O. No. 59, A. G. ()., 1866.)

August 6, 1866.—Discontinued, DIVISION

OF W E S T

MISSISSIPPI.

May 7, 1864, to May 17, 1865. May 7, 1864.—To consist of the States of Texas and Arkansas, the ludían Territory, all t h e coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of Appalachieola, including West Florida, Key West, and the Tortugas, and so much of the Gulf States as may be occupied b y t h e troops of the Department of the Gulf. (Composed of the Departments of the Gulf and of Arkansas.—G. O. No. 192, A. G. O., 1864.) * The Department of the Cumberland was formed by the consolidation of the Departments of Ken/ tacky and Tennessee.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY O F T H E UNITED STATES. May 11, 1864.—Maj. Gen. E D W A R D R. 8. CANBY, U. S. Vols.

(Assigned by G. 0.

29 No,

192, A. G. 0., 1864.) May 23, 1864.—Headquarters established a t Natchez, Miss. West Mississippi, 1864.)

(G. 0. Xo. 3, Division of

May 27, 1864.—To consist of the States of Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, the Indian Territory, Alton, 111., all the coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of Appalachicola, including West Florida, Key West, and the Tortugas, and so much of t h e Gulf States as may be occupied by the troops of the Department of the Gulf. (Department of the Missouri embraced in the Division.—G. 0. No. 203, A. G. 0., 1864.) June —, 1864.—Headquarters established at New Orleans, La. (Authority not known.} January 30, 1865.—To consist of the States of Arkansas, the Indian Territory, all t h e coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of Appalachicola, including West Florida, Key West, and t h e Tortugas, and so much of t h e Gulf States as may be occupied b y the troops of the Department of the Gulf. (Department of the Missouri transferred to the Division of the Missouri.—G. O. No. 11, A. G. O., 1865.) February 10, 1865.—To consist of the States of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, t h e Indian Territory, all t h e coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of Appalachicola, including West Florida, Key West, and the Tortugas, and so much of the States of Mississippi and Alabama as may be occupied by t h e troops of t h e Division.* (Department of the Missouri embraced in the Division.—G. 0. No. 21, A. G. O., 1865.) March 21, 1865.—To consist of the States of Louisiana and Texas, all the coast of t h e Gulf of Mexico west of Appalachicola, including West Florida, Key West, and t h e Tortugas, and so much of the States of Mississippi and Alabama as may be occupied by the troops of the Division. (Department of Arkansas transferred to the Division of the Missouri.—G. 0. No. 44, A. G. 0., 1865.) May 17, 1865.—Discontinued.

(G. 0. No. 95, A. G. 0., 1865.)

WESTERN

DIVISION.!

May 19, 1837, to July 12, 1842. May 19, 1837.—To embrace all t h e country west of a line commencing at the mouth of the Mississippi; thence up t h a t river to Cassville, in the Territory of Wisconsin,, and thence north to the line of demarkation between t h e United States and Canada. (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 1 and 2.t—G. O. No. 32, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O., 1837.) June 5,1837.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. G A I N E S , ! U. S. Army; headquarters a t Jefferson Barracks, Mo. (Assigned by G. O. No. 82, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0.r 1837.) January 12,1838.—Headquarters established at Saint Louis, Mo. (Orders No. 1, Western Division, January 12, 1838.) * The order (21 A. G. O., 1865) does not, in terms, attach the Department of the Mississippi to the Di vision of West Mississippi, but as the Department is declared to embrace that portion or the State of' Mississippi as may be occupie*d by the troops of the Division, the attachment seems to be a natural sequence. t See note on Military Department No. 3. + General Gaines, who had been in command of the Western Department, did not formally assume command of the Division, but simply changed the caption of his orders.

30

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY O F T H E UNITED

STATES.

April 20, 1839.—Headquarters established near New Orleans, La. (Orders No. 1, Western Division, April 20, 1839.) December 9, 1839.—Βvt. Brig. Gen. H E N R Y ATKINSON, Colonel Sixth Infantry; headquarters at Jefferson Barracks, Mo. (Instructions of General Gaines, of 1839.) March—May,

1841.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. E D M U N D P . G A I N E S , U. S. Army; headquarters

at New Orleans, La.

(Resumed command.)

September 1,1841.—To consist of that part of the United States west and north, of aline commencing at the mouth of t h e Mississippi ; thence up t h a t river to Cairo, 111. ; up the Ohio River to the point where it intersects t h e western boundary of Pennsylvania, and th'ence north to Lake Erie. (Department No. 7 taken from the Eastern Division.—G. 0. No. 51, A. G. O., 1841.) January 4, 1842.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. H E N R Y ATKINSON, Colonel Sixth Infantry; headquarters at Jefferson Barracks, Mo. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 84, Headquarters Army A. G. 0., December (23, 1841.) ' March 29, 1842.—To consist of that part of t h e United States west and north of a l i n e commencing at t h e mouth of Pearl River, up that river to where it is intersected by the northern boundary of Louisiana, along t h a t boundary t o t h e Mississippi River; thence up that river to Cairo, 111.; up t h e Ohio River to where it intersects t h e western boundary of Pennsylvania, and thence north to Lake Erie. (Part of Louisiana east of the Mississippi River taken from the Eastern Division.—G. 0. No. 19, A. G. O., 1842.) April 2, 1842.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES, Γ . S. Army; headquarters a t New Orleans, La. (Resumed command.) July 8, 1842.—Headquarters established at Saint Louis, Mo. (.S. (). No. 19, Western Department, 1842.) July 12, 1842.—Discontinued.

(G. 0. No. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.)

April 20, 1844, to October 3!, 1853. April 20, 1844.—To consist of t h e country west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable. Florida, and embracing t h e part of Wisconsin west of said line, Iowa Territory, t h e States of Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, West Florida, and the Indian country west of t h e Mississippi River.* (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 1,2, and 3.— G. O. No. 17, A. G. O., 1844.) April —, 1844.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES, U. S. Army; headquarters a t New Orleans, La. (Assigned by G. O. No. 17, A. G. O., 1844.) September 14, 1845.—To consist of the couutry west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, including t h e whole of t h e States of Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee, and excepting t h a t p a r t of Georgia west of above line.t June 10, 1846.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. GEORGE M. BROOKE, Colonel Fifth Infantry; headquarters at Jefferson Barracks, Mo. (Assigned by G. (>. No. 16, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., June 2, 1846.) * Taking the above description of the Western Division in connection with the Eastern Division and Military Department No. 9, as constituted by G. O. No. 17, it will be seen, by a glance at the map, that those portions of Georgia and of Middle Florida west of line from Fond du Lac to Cape Sable are without the eastern boundary of the Western Division. See note on Military Department No. 9. t As by General Orders No. 38, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., August 12,1845, that part of Florida west -of line from Fond du Lac to Cape Sable was, on the discontinuance of Military Department No. 9, to be transferred to Department No. 1, and, as this latter Department was within the Western Division, it has been, assumed, as a necessary sequence, that the limits of the Division were extended to correspond, though not specifically stated in orders.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES.

31

September 23, 1846.—Headquarters established at Saint Louis. Mo. August 15, 1846.)

(Letter, A. G. 0.,

October 23, 1846.—Headquarters established at New Orleans, La. October 2, 1846.)

(Letter, A. G. 0.,

July 1, 1848.—Maj. Gen. ΖACHARY TAYLOR, U. S. Army. A. G. 0., June 19, 1848.)

(Assigned by G. 0. No. 30,

August 31, 1848.—To consist of the country west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, excluding the States of Indiana and Georgia, but including the States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas, and Territory of New Mexico. (Composed of Military Departments Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.—G. 0. No. 49, A. G. O., 1848.) January 26, 1849.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUXD P. GAINES, U. S. Army; headquarters a t New Orleans, La. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 1, A. G. ()., 1849.) June 6, 1849.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. GEORGE M. BROOKE, Colonel Fifth Iufantry. command on the death of General Gaines.)

(Assumed

July 5, 1849.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. DAVID E. TWIGGS, U. S. Army. (Assigned by

.)

August 7, 1849.—To consist of the country west of a line drawn from Fond du Lác, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, excluding the States of Indiana and Georgia, but including the States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas, the Territory of New Mexico, and the whole of Florida. (Fart of Florida east of abovedescribed line temporarily attached to the Western Division.—Letter from A. G. 0., 1849.) September 22, 1849.—Headquarters established at Tampa Bay, Fla. Western Division, 1849.) June 28, 1850.—Headquarters established at New Orleans, La. Division, 1850.)

(Orders No. 23,

(Orders No. 59, Western

November 25, 1850.—To consist of the country west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sable, Florida, excluding the States of Indiana and Georgia, but including the States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas, and the Territory of New Mexico. (Part of Florida east of above-described line restored to Eastern Division.—Letter from A. G. O.,1850.) February 11, 1852.—To consist of the country west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sabhe, Florida, excluding the States of Indiana and Georgia, but including the States of Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas, t h e Territory of New Mexico, and the whole of Florida. (Part of Florida east of abovedescribed line temporarily attached to the Western Division. — G. O. No. 4, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., 1852.) October 20, 1853.—Headquarters established at Fort Smith, Ark. Western Division, 1853.) October 31, 1853.—Discontinued.

(Orders No. 26,

(G. O. No. 25, A. G. O., 1853.)

MILITARY

DISTRICT

NO.

1.

March 19, 1813, to May 17,1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. O., A. G. O., 1813.)

(G.

—, 18—.—Brig. Gen. THOMAS H. CUSHING, U. S. Army; headquarters at . (Assigned by .)

32

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED —, 18—.

STATES.

Brig. General H E N R Y DEARBORN, U. S. Army.

(Assigned by

·) May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Department No. 2. (G. 0., A. G. and I. G. 0., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

N O . 2.

March 19, 1813, to May 17,1815. March 19,1813.—To consist of the States of Rhode Island and Connecticut. A. G. 0., 1813.)

(G. 0.,

, 1813.—Brig. Gen. H E N R Y B U R B E C K , U. S. Army; headquarters at

(Assigned by G. 0., War Department, June 17, 1813.) —,

18—.—Brig.

Gen. THOMAS

H. CUSHING,

U.

S. Army.

(Assigned

by

.) •May 17,1815.—Merged into Military Department No. 2. (G. 0., A. G. and I. G. ()., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

NO. 3.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the State of New York, from the sea to the Highlands, and New Jersey. (G. 0., A. G. 0., 1813.) , 18—.—Brig. Gen. H E N R Y DEARRORN, U. S. Army; headquarters at

(Assigned by

.

.)

April 10, 1813.—To consist of the States of New York, from the Sea to t h e Highlands, and New Jersey, except t h a t part which furnishes the First Division of Militia.* (That part of New Jersey furnishing the First Division of Militia transferred to Military District No. 4, by G. 0., War Department, 1813.) , 181-.—Governor vol. 1, p. 623.)

TOMPKINS, of New York. (See American State Papers,

May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 3 and 4. (G. 0., A. and I. G. O., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

N O . 4.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of t h e States of Pennsylvania, from its eastern limits t o the Allegheny Mountains, and Delaware. (G. O., A. G. 0., 1813.) , 18—.—Brig. Gen. J O S E P H BLOOMI IELD, U. S. Army.

.

(Assigηed by

Headquarters

at

.)

April 10, 1813.—To consist of t h e States of Pennsylvania, from its eastern limits to the Allegheny Mountains, Delaware, and t h a t part of New Jersey which furnishes the First Division of Militia.t (That part of New Jersey furnishing the First Division of Militia, taken from Military District No. 3 by G. 0., War Department, 1813.) * 1, i. e., except Burlington, Gloucester, Salem, Cumberland, and Cape May Counties. See note under bead "Military Department No. 3." l, i. e., including Burlington, Gloucester, Salem, Cumberland, and Cape May Counties. See note under head 'Military Department No. 3

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES. , 1814.—Maj. Gen. W I N F I E L D SCOTT, U. S. Army. I. G. 0., December 10, 1814.)

(Assignedby G. 0., A. and

May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 3 and 4. 0., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

NO.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815.

(G. 0., A. and J. G.

5.

/

March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of Maryland and Virginia. 1813.) , 18—.

; headquarters at

33

. (Assigned by

(G. 0., A. G. 0., .)

July 2, 1814.—To consist of the State of Virginia, except t h a t part lying between the Rappahannock and Potomac Rivers. (Maryland and that part of Virginia lying between the Rappahannock and Potomac rivers transferred to Military District No. 10, by G. 0., A. and I. G. 0., 1814. May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Department No. 6. MILITARY

DISTRICT

(G. 0., A. and 1. G. 0., 1815.) NO.

6.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. (G. 0., A. G. O., 1813.) , 18—.—Brig. Gen. THOMAS PINCKNEY, U. S. Army; headquarters at (Assigned by .) May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 6 and 7. 0., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

NO.

.

(G. 0., A. and I. G.

7.

March J9, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of Tennessee, Louisiana, and the Mississippi Territory. (G. 0., A, G. 0., 1813.) , 18—.—Brig» Gen. THOMAS FLOURNOY, U. S. Army; headquarters at (Assigned by —.) , 1814.—Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES, U. S. Army.

(Assigned by

May 17, 1815,—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 8 and 9. O., 1815.) M I L I T A R Y D I S T R I C T N O . 8.

. .)

(G. 0., A. and I. G.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of Kentucky, Ohio, and the Territorial governments of Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, and Michigan. (G. 0., A. G, 0., 1813.) . '

, 18—.—Maj. Gen. WILLIAM II. HARRISON, U. S. Army; headquarters at . (Assigned by .)

May 17, 1S15.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 5 and 9. (0, 1815.) 3 Μ G

(G. 0., A. and I. G.

34

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED MILITARY

DISTRICT

STATES.

N O . 9.

March 19, 1813, to May 17, 1815. March 19, 1813.—To consist of the States of Pennsylvania, from the Allegheny to its western limits, New York, north of the Highlands, and Vermont. (G. O., A. G. 0., 1813.) , 18—.—Maj. Gen. JAMES WILKINSON, U. S. Army; headquarters at (Assigned by .) May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 1 and 4. 0., 1815.) MILITARY

DISTRICT

NO.

.

(G. 0., A. and I. G.

10.

July 2, 1814, to May 17, 1815. July 2, 1814.—To consist of the State of Maryland, the District of Columbia, and t h a t part of Virginia lying between the Rappahannock and Potomac Rivers. (Formed of part of Military District No. 5.—G. 0., War Department, 1814.) , 1814.—Brig. Gen. WILLIAM H. W I N D E R , U. S. Army; headquarters at . (Assigned by G. 0., War Department, July 2, 1814.) May 17, 1815.—Merged into Military Departments Nos. 4 and 6. O., 1815.) MILITARY

DEPARTMENT

(G. 0., A. and I. G.

N O . 1.

May 17, 1815, to May 17, 1821. May 17, 1815.—To consist of the States of New York, above the Highlands, and Vermont. (Formed of part of Military District No. 9.—G. 0., A. and I. G. 0., 1815.) May 17, 1815.—Attached to the Division of the North. York.

(G. 0., A. and 1. G. 0., 1815.)

, 18—.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. W I N F I E L D SCOTT, U. S. Army; headquarters at New (Assigned by .)

May 17, 1821.—Merged into the Eastern Department.

(G. O., A. and J. G. 0., 1821.)

May 19, 1837, to July 12, 1842. May 19, 1837.—To consist of the country above the 37th degree of north latitude and west of the Mississippi and of a line drawn north from Cassville, Wisconsin Territory, to the lino of demarkatiou between the United States and Canada. (Formed of part of the Eastern and;Western Departments. —G. O. 32, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., 1837.) May 19, 1837.—Attached to the Western Division. A. G. ()., 1837.)

(G. O. No. 32, Headquarters

Army,

, 184-.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. H E N R Y ATKINSON, Colonel Sixth V. S. Infantry; headquarters at Jefferson Barracks, Mo. (Assigned by .) July 12, 1842.—Merged into new Military Department No. ?. (G. O. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.)

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES.

35

July 12, 1842, to August 31, 1848. July 12, 1842.—To consist of West Florida and t h e States of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Kentucky. (Formed of part of old Military Department No. 3.—G. 0. No. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.) July 28, 1842.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. EDMUND P. GAINES,* U. S. Army; headquarters a t New Orleans, La. (Assigned by G. O. No. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.) February —, 1843.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. MATIIEW AKBUCKi/E.t Department No. 1, January 28, 1843.) June 10, 1843.—Col. DAVID Ε. TWIGGS, U. S. Riflemen. Department No. 1, June 9, 1843.)

(Assigned by Orders No. 5, (Assigned by Orders No. 25,

July 13, 1843.—Lieut. Col. WILLIAM WHISTLER, Seventh Infantry. Orders No. 31, Department No. 1, July 10, 1843.) November 8, 1843.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. MATILEW ARBUCKLE. April 20, 1844.—Attached to the Western Division.

(Assigned by

(Resumed command.)

(G. (). No. 17, A. G. 0., 1844.)

May 15, 1844.—Col. DAVID Ε. TWIGGS, U. S. Riflemen; headquarters at Fort Jesup, Florida. (Assigned by Orders No. 17, Department No. 1, May 5, 1844.) June 17, 1844.—Brig. Gen. ZACIIAHY TAYLOR. Headquarters.)

(Assigned by instructions from General

July 28, 1845.—Lieut. Col. WILLIAM WHISTLER. Division, July 24, 1845.)

(Assigned by S. (). No. 42, Western

August 6, 1845.—Maj. JACOB BROWN, Seventh Infantry. from Department No. 1, August 4, 1845.)

(Assigned by instructions

September 14, 1845.—To consist of the States of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee, Kentucky, and that part .of Florida west of a line drawn from Fond du Lac, Lake Superior, to Cape Sahle, Florida. (Part of Middle Florida west of above described line taken from Military Department No. 9.—G. O. No. 38, Headquarters Army, A. G. ()., August 12, 1845.) October 11, 1845.—Col. ICHABOD B. CRANE, First Artillery; headquarters at Fort Barrancas, Florida. (Assignedby S. O. No. 56, Western Division, October 8, 1845.) May 27, 1846.—Lieut. Col. B. K. PIERCE, First Artillery. Western Division, May 21, 1846.)

(Assigned by S. O. No. 24,

July —, 1848.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. GEORGE M. BROOKE, Colonel Fifth Infantry; headquarters at New Orleans, La. (Assigned by Orders No. 3, Western Division, July .1, 1848.) August—, 1848.—Brig. Gen. DAVID E. TWIGGS, V. S. Army. 5, Western Division, August 19, 1848.)

(Assigned by Orders No.

August 31, 1848.— Merged into Department No. 5. (G. O. No. 49, A. G. O., 1848.) August 31, 1848, to May 17, 1851. August 31, 1848.—To consist of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. (Formed of parts of old Military Departments Nos. 5 and 6.—G. O. No. 49, A. G. O., 1848.) * General Gaines did not formally assume command of Military Department No. 1. t General Arbuckle did not formally assume command. The first order issued by him is dated February 6, 1843.

36

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED

August 31,1848.—Attached to the Eastern Division.

STATES.

(G. 0. No. 49, A. G. 0., 1848.)

September 11, 1848.—Bvt. Maj. Gen. J O H N E. W O O L ; * headquarters at Albany, Ν. Y. (Assigned by G. 0. No. 1, Eastern Division, September 7, 1848.) October 4, 1848.—Headquarters established at Troy, Ν. Υ. Nos. 1 and 2, 1848.)

(Orders No. 2, Department»

October 25, 1850.—Col. WILLIAM GATES, Third Artillery; headquarters Adams, R. I. (Assumed command by right of seniority.)

at

May 17, 1851.—Merged into the Eastern Division. (G. O. No. 27, Headquarters J . G. 0., 1851.) August 14, 1852, to October 31, 1853.

Fort Army,

August 14, 1852.—To consist of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. (Revived.—G. O. No. 33, Headquarters Army, A G. 0., 1852.) August 31, 1852.—Col. WILLIAM GATES; headquarters at Fort Adams, R. I. by G. 0. No. 33, Headquarters Army, A. G. ()., August 14, 1852.) August 2, 1853.—Headquarters established at Newport, R. I. ern Division, July 30, 1853.)

(Assigned

(Instructions from East

August 13, 1853.—Headquarters re-established at Fort Adams, R. I. Eastern Division, August 8, 1853.)

(Instructions

from

October 31, 1853.—Merged into the Department of the East. (G. 0. No. 25, A. G. 0., 1853.) M I L I T A R Y D E P A R T M E N T N O . 2. May 17, 1815, to May 17, 1821. May 17, 1815.—To consist of the States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. (Formed of Military Districts Nos. 1 and 2.—G. O., A. and I. G. O., 1815.) May 17, 1 8 1 5 . - Attached to the Division of the North.

(G. O., A. and I. G. O., 1815.)

, 18—.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. JAMES MILLER, Colonel Fifth Infantry ; headquarters a t Boston, Mass. (Assigned by .) , 18—.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. MOSES PORTER, Colonel Regiment of Light Artillery. (Assigned by .) May 17, 1821.—Merged into the Eastern Department.

(G. ()., A. and I. G. ()., 1821.)

May 19, 1837, to July 12, 1842. May 19, 1837.—To consist of the country south of the 37th degree of north latitude and west of the Mississippi River, t (Formed of part of the Western Department.—G. O. No. 32, Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1837.) May 19, 1837.—Attached to the Western Division. A. G. 0., 1837.) ,183-.

; headquarters at

.

(G. Ο. Νo. 32, Headquarters (Assigned by

Army,

.)

* General Wool commanded Military Departments Nos. 1 and 2 from September 11, 1848, to January 9, 1849, and Military Departments Nos. 1 and 3 from January 9, 1849, to October 19, 1850. t See notes on Military Department No. 3.

MILITARY GEOGRAPHY OF T H E UNITED STATES. January 18, 1842.—Brig. Gen. ZACIIARY TAYLOR, U. S.. Army. quarters at Fort Smith, Arkansas.)

37

(In command, head-

March 29, 1842.—To consist of the country south of the 37th degree of north latitude, and west of the Mississippi River, and embracing the whole of the State of Louisiana. (Part of Louisiana east of the Mississippi River taken from Department No. 3.—G. 0. No. 19, A. G. 0., 1842.) July 12, 1842.—Merged into new Military Departments Nos. 1 and 2. Headquarters Army, A. G. 0., 1842.)

(G. 0. No. 40,

July 12, 1842, to August 31, 184$. July 12, 1842.—To consist of the country west of the Mississippi, north of Louisiana, and Texas, and south of the 37th degree of north latitude. (Formed of part of old Military Department No. 2.—G. O. No. 40, Headquarters Army, A. G. O., 1842.) July 12, 1842.—Brig. Gen. ZACIIARY TAYLOR,* U. S. Army; headquarters at F o r t Smith, Arkansas. January 12, 1843.—Lieut. Col. GUSTAVUSLOOMIS, Sixth Infantry. No. 2, Department No. 2, January 6, 1843.) January 24, 1843.—Col. WILLIAM DAVENPORT, Sixth Infantry. right of seniority.) February 13, 1843.—Brig. Gen. ZACIIARY TAYLOR.

(Assignedby Orders

(Assumed command by

(Resumed command.)

January 7, 1844.—Lieut. Col. Gi'STAvrs LOOMIS, Sixth lufantry ; headquarters a t Fort Gihson. (Assigned by Orders No. 2, Department No. 2, January 2, 1844.) February 6, 1844.—Brig. Gen. ZACIIARY TAYLOR ; headquarters at Fort Smith. sumed command.) April 20, 1844.—Department No. 2 attached to the Western Division. A. G. 0., 1844.) May 23, 1844.—Bvt. Brig. Gen. MATIIEW ARBCCKLE. t Headquarters of the Army, , 1844.)

(G. 0. No. 17,

(Assigned by instructions

August 31, 1848.—Merged into new Military Department No. 7. O., 1848.) August 31, 1848, to May 17, 1851.

(Re-

from

(G. O. No. 49, A. G.

August 31, 1848.—To consist of the States of Michigan, Wisconsin (east of line from. Fond du Lac to Cape Sable), Ohio, and Indiana. (Formed of old Military Department No. 2.—G. O. No. 49, A. G. O., 1848.) August 31, 1848.—Attached to the Eastern Division.

(G. O. No. 49, A. G. ()., 1848.)

Sept