Table of contents : Contents Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Civilization and Foolishness: Contextualizing Ethics in Early Meiji Japan 2. The Epistemology of Rinrigaku 3. Rinrigaku and Religion: The Formation and Fluidity of Moral Subjectivity 4. Resisting Civilizational Hierarchies: The Ethics of Spirit and the Spirit of the People 5. Approaching the Moral Ideal: National Morality, the State, and “Dangerous Thought” Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index About the Author