Let Us Learn Gurmukhi: An Easy Primer for Gurmukhi Learning: Book II [2] 8172053010, 9788172053017

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LET US LEARN GURMUKUI ~ araHl:Il tnfre u [l~N

EASY PRIMER FOR GURMUKHI LEARNING]

BOOK II GURMUKHI VOWELS & VC)CABULARY

Compiled by

SHAMSHER SINGH PURl

~b'

Singh Brothers J1mrifsar

LET US LEARN GURMUKHI - BOOK II [An Easy Primer for Gurmukhi Learning] Compiled by SHAMSHER SINGH PURI President ACADEMY OF SIKH STUDIES INC. 5235 STERLING TRACE CT. LILBURN, GA. 30047

ISBN 81-7205-301-0 First Edition: January 2004 Reprint: March 2010

Price: Rs. 70-00

Publishers:

Singh Brothers •

Bazar Mai Sewan, Amritsar - 143 006

s.c.a.

•

223-24, City Centre, Amritsar - 143 001 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.singhbrothers.com

Printers: PRINTWELL, 146, INDUSTRIAL FOCAL POINT, AMRITSAR.

Contents -- Introduction

5

·~

7

• FH~'a1 • Fa~ldl

·

10

13

......

16

~

19

22 25

·~

28

.....

•

O/(X)~I

31 ::..

•

l-fT3'CJT CllZ

•

~'i:J1de

·

A

34

aeMe

..... ..... -f::i!-r ~ 6r I~(J

35

~~ • ~ oror

36

37

38 v

•

39

};f(fO/"

40

• fc1it

·~ ....

41

n

•

HCf1J ,:'1' e 0(1 d

42

•

.G I El (X)M

ZRc

43

.~~

45

__-,--------------

.-.... ..

Key to Punjabi Pronunciation There are a number of sounds that are different in English and Punjabi or are totally absent in English. To help you pronounce the sounds based on your knowledge of English, the following phonetic system is employed in this series of books. (The comparable English sounds are supposed to be produced by the native English speakers, not by speakers of English as a second language.) This is not a standardized system yet. The best way to learn the pronunciation is to ask a native speaker of the language to model the sounds for you. a aa ai au e

in middle of a word in middle of a word written above the word written above the word written above the word in middle and before a word ee in middle and after a word 00 written below the word u in middle of a word bh ch (non aspirated) chh (aspirated) ~ fu"ij- I Write the words written above three times each.

::.

J=fO ::.

~ ::.

1.fW

::.

'RO ::.

}ffiT ::.

:cJTd"

Ghar da Kamm

Homework

eMI~i ~ ~ 10 F.fa"e" fgij I

Write any 10 words using DolaavaaIi.

Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher

®

Paath 8

HORA . Shape

Extends to full width of the letter.

Position

Written above the letter.

Sound

Same as '0' in cone.

Examples

H+'""' +0 q+'""'+c :G+'""'+7>

Exceptions

Hora cannot be used with

Muharni

~H~~S~W~B~~~~Z3~~~3

mor (sounds like more)=peacock coat phone )jf

& ~.

ij~ij~U~~~H~~g~~B~~~~

Excercise

Modify the Punjabi words written below by adding Hora above the first letter. Write the new word on the space provided.

rhora (less) kohra (frost) bola (deaD Somvaar (monday) Read these words. Say them loud. Say some more words that have the sound of Hora in them. To build your vocabulary, learn these words and their meanings.

Abhiaas "Jot fuil

Exercise

Blft ~ I

Read the words written below. ~

...,

..., '"' qg

..., }fCf

Cf3T

i1"3T

crJO

€'

~

~

"30

~

W

~

~

"Bo

...,

...,

...,

~ fuil Blft 80 ~ ffiif I Write the words written above three times each.

®

...,

Ghar da Kamm fu3"

~ ~ 10 F.I1l"e"

Homework

fmf I

Write any 10 words using Hora.

Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher

Paath 9

KANAURA • Shape

Extends to full width of the letter.

Position

Written above the letter.

Sound

Same as '0' in mom.

Examples

q+ +0" ~+ +;:r ~+ +0"+7>

~

kaur (princess) fauj (army) fauran (immediately)

~

~

Exceptions

Kanaura cannot be used with ~ & ~.

Muharni

~H~q~~W~~5;:r~~Zo~~~3

"'"""'"""'""

...."

""ft"'"n

"'"""'""

'-n

",""""n

",""",""'-n""'n""n",""

"'"n

'-n

"'"n""n

"'"""'""""t't'-n '-n"'"

"'""

"'"n

""n""'n'-n

'-n"""

'-n

"'ft

"'"n"'"

atU7>UG~9H~0"~~~H~~~~

Excercise

Modify the Punjabi words written below by adding Kanaura above the first letter. Write the new word on the space provided.

H

sau (hundred) kaura (bitter) pauri (ladder) fauji (soldier)

Read these words. Say them loud. Say some more words that have the sound of Kanaura in them. To build your vocabulary, learn these words and their meanings.

Exercise

Abhiaas ~ ffil1 "F.fat" ~ I Read the words written below. '"n

'"n

OW '"n

da~' '"n

~

'"n

Hl:fT

lRT

~

))fCfT

'"n

FS'"

'"n

'"n

~

'"n

7)q'(f '"n

(1)0/ d I el '"n

lR"

~

~

})fd"3"

~ fffif "F.fat" 80 ~ mfr I Write the words written above three times each.

'"n

Ghar da Kamm

Homework

~~~ lo~fuifl Write any 10 words using Kanaufa.

Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher

o= o-

o

o

~

o

o

fuu'al

o

o

~

o

o

-a-or

0

0

fHu·al

0

0

0

~

fo

0

0

0( (i)~ I

01

o

-...

o

OT .....

-

-..

®

Paath 10

THE SIX SOUND MODIFIERS In Gurmukhi script, there are six symbols that when used in conjuction with certain consonants and matras, modify those sounds. Chhota Haaha Q. This symbol literally means short 'h' and it is used to add a partial 'h' sound (emphasis) in some words e.g. whale is "" and the 'h' is sounded softly. written as ~ Chhota Raara Q. This symbol literally means short 'r' and it is used to add a brief 'r' sound in some words e.g. Christmas is written as ~ and the 'r' is sounded briefly.

Q.

Chhota Vavva This symbol literally Ineans short 'v' and it is used to add a partial 'v' sound in some words e.g. svarg (heaven) is written as ~ and the 'v' is sounded briefly. v

Ac;lc;lhak D. This symbol is used to stress the sound of the consonant on which it is added just like double consonants are used in English to stress the sound of a consonant e.g. Lilly would be written as ~ and second 'I' is stressed. Without the Ac;lc;lhak" Lilly would sound as Lily, without any stress on '1'. n

Tippi D. This symbol is used to add a partial nasal sound to words e.g. 'm' in limp-fFfu. Tippi is used with Mukta words, Aunkar, Dulainkar and Sihaari. Bindi D. This symbol is used to add a partial nasal sound to words e.g. 'n' in candy-c}it. Bindi is used with all the other Matras.

Paath 11

CHHOTA HAAHA Shape Position

Written below the letter.

Sound

Adds a brief 'h' sound to the word.

Examples

fa" + g + T +

or + g + Excercise

cJ

cJ

=

~

=

~

kilaah (castle) galh (cheek)

Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Haaha read again.

parh (read) parhaaee (reading)

Q

and

Paath 12

D.....

CHHOTA RAARA

Shape

D

Position

Written below the letter.

Sound

Adds a brief 'r' sound to the word.

Examples

If +

Excercise

"

"+ 9 = "t[9 ~ + fi..r + " + '3" = trffi..[3"

prabh (God) amrit (nectar of immortality)

Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Raara read again.

prithvi (earth) professor

Q

and

Paath 13

CHHOTA VAVVA Shape

D•

Position

Written below the letter.

Sound

Adds a brief 'v' sound to the word.

Examples

H

+ • + oaT

H+ • Excercise

Fl'd"aT •

+~= H-~ •

swarg (heaven) swai-abhimaan (self-confidence)

Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Vavva read again.

Y and

swaami (master) tva (Your, pertains to God) Chhota Vavva is rarely used in modern Punjabi, but is frequently used in Gurbani.

Paath 14 v

D

ADDHAK

v

Shape

D Crescent moon.

Position

Written above and between two letters.

Sound

Stresses the sound of the letter that follows it in the word.

Examples

a-+ +If v >rr+ +OT

Used with

v

v

a-u

capp (cup)

;rfcrr

agg (fire)

Matras or without any Matra. v

Excercise

Read the words written below. Then add Ar1dlHd

Agas~

August

Sa~ambar

September

Aqoobar

October

Navambar

November

Oasambar

December

I. ~ n

2.

'HdI8~la

3.

SQ~la

...,

4. cila~ la ...,

5.

80(a~la

6. F.fF(i)~ a ~ I a 7.

::.

n

9. Hdsa

10.

})1O(~sa

1I.

?)~sa

n

12. tHsa

®

fa'F.r3'

Rishte

Relations

1. 'tffd~ Id

parivaar

family

2. W

maail

mother

3. 'STU

baap

father

bhaiI)

sister

5. ;:ft;:rr

jeeja

sister's husband

6. 9CfT

bhra

brother

7. ~

bhaabi

brother's wife

8.

-acr/lJ3o

betaa/punar

son

9.

iriUm

bety/ti

daughter

10.

~

c;laac;la

paternal grandpa

11.

treT

c;laac;li

paternal grandma

12.

'()T'OT

naana

maternal grandpa

13. ~

naany

maternal grandma

14. BTW

chaacha

father's younger brother

15. ~

chaachi

chaacha's wife

16.~

taaiaa

father's elder brother

17. "3'it

taaee

taaiaa's wife

18.

}fl}fT

maama

mother's brother

19. )-fT)-ft

maamy

maama's wife

20. g;;rr

bhooaa

father's sister

4.

::.

~

OJ

21. ~ '" . 22. ge~1

phuphphar

bhooaa's husband

bhaI)evaail

sister's son

23. ge~T

bhaI)eveeil

sister's daughter

24. HTW

saala

wife's brother

J1Tffi"

saali

wife's sister

26. i80T

potra

son's son

i:t3oT

potri

son's daughter

c;lohtra c;lohtrf

daughter's son

25. 27.

28. €~3dl 29. €~3dl'

daughter's daughter

®

l.

"" l:fI(!

Khaane

Foods

:acT

roti phulka parauiltha poori naan c;laal sabzi paneer matar chholay raaj maailh

plain bread unleavened bread

2. Gp')6l I '"no

3.

l..['d'(5T

4.

uoT

5.

0'7)

6.

~

7.

Hatil

8.

1.R>To

9. HZO

-

"'" 10. 6R5"

1l. "CJTM

Wu

-aT9T 13. iftr -aT9T 12.

14. ~ 15.

war

16.

~

17.

cfrw/ftr1fTt:r

18. ij}f/ffi=R" 19.

~

20.

~

2l.

cftor

22.

HID

23. ~ 24. ~ ==>

25.

Q3T

26.

citcr

27.

uw€

28. ~ 29.

-aoit v

30. ~ 3l. ~

leavened butter bread deep fried bread oven baked bread lentil vegetable cheese peas garbanzo kidney beans

gobhi bailc;l gobhi toriaail saag paalak gaildha/piaaz thoam/lasail ac;lrak tamaatar kheera mooli aalloo chicken

cauliflower cabbage zuccini tnustard spinach onion garlic ginger tomato cucumber radish potato chicken yoghurt with condiments milk-rice rice cooked with vegetables vermicelli sweets made with milk sweets made with vesal).

raita kheer pulaao seviaail barfi laddoo jalebi

spiral shaped sweets

®

~

I.

n

})ffl"

2. ~ 3. ~ n

Phal

Fruit

amb

mango

arnroo