Lawrence and the Arabian Adventure 9781463212445

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LAWRENCE AND T H E ARABIAN A D V E N T U R E

GORGIAS H I S T O R I C A L TRAVELS I N T H E CRADLE OF CIVILIATION 4

Lawrence and the

Arabian Adventure

ROBERT GRAVES

GORGIAS PRESS 2007

First Gorgias Press Edition, 2007 The special contents of this edition are copyright

356

C a r c h e m i s h , 9-24, 63, 138, 2 1 5 C a r s o n , L o r d , 273 Cecil, L o r d R o b e r t , 353 Chauvel,

General,

323-9, 332,

334-9

C h u r c h i l l , R i g h t H o n . W i n s t o n , 36, 3», 345-9, 358, 385

C l a u s e w i t z , 126 Clemenceau, 341, 342, 345 Coleridge, S. T . , 288 C o n s t a n t i n o p l e , 23, 24, 56, 305 Contzen, H e r r , 1 7 - 1 9 Cranwell,

357,

358,

374-84

C r u s a d e r s , T h e , 7, 9, 134, 269, 343 Cox, Sir P e r c y , 345 C u r z o n , Viscount, 346, 352, 353 Dahoum (photographer at Carc h e m i s h ) , 22 D a m a s c u s , 23, 57, 59, 82, 106, 1 1 3 , 114,

119,

165,

190,

283,

295,

149, 191, 300,

154, 221, 312,

155, 222, 315,

158-60, 258,

272,

323-38,

342-5, 361 D a r d a n e l l e s , T h e , 56, 194, 222, 3 1 0 D a v e n p o r t , Colonel, 91, 210, 223 D a w n a y , Colonel A l a n , 273, 276, 281, 282,

Dead

300,

356,

389,

391

Sea, T h e , 249, 253, 258, 270,

272

Deraa 280,

(place), 281,

282,

165, 170, 221,

267,

299,

324,

303,

305,

338, 361 D e s o l a t e , T h e ( d e s e r t ) , 143 Dinamit (Emir), 2 D i s t i n g u i s h e d F l y i n g Cross, 285 D i s t i n g u i s h e d Service O r d e r , 252, 266 D i z a d ( p l a c e ) , 142 D o r c h e s t e r , 370 Druse (Mountains and inhabitants), 154, 155, 159, 165, 2 3 S , 3 1 4 , 3 1 5 , 327, 334, 35o D o u g h t y , C. M . , 22, 254 E g y p t i a n g u n n e r s , 62, 83, 97, 109 EI A r i s h ( p l a c e ) , 194 E l J e d h a ( c a m e l ) , 202 E n v e r P a s h a , 52, 58, 59, 124, 310 E r z e r o u m ( p l a c e ) , 67 Euphrates^ R i v e r , 7, 15, 16, 25, 44, 68 E z r a a ( p l a c e ) , 316 Fahad 245,

( S h e i k h ) , 232, 234, 238, 240, 278,

309,

355

INDEX Faiz, The (clan), 249, 250, 351 Fakhri, Pasha, 128 Falkenhayn, General, 194 Faroun (island), 26 Farraj and Daud, 140, 142, 152, 153, 180, 217, 225, 232, 241, 254, 275, 285 Feisal Emir, 43, 49, 55, 56, 57 ff. to 354 Foch, Marshal, 126, 264, 354 Fontana, Mrs., 15 Fowle, Mr., 14, 16 French Colonel, The, 92, 105, 118, 119, 120 Gadara (place), 201, 223, 233, 235 Galilee, 201, 239, 317, 326 Garland, Major, 94, 95, 104, 129 Gasim, of Maan, 145-7 Gasim abu Dumeik, 199-200, 214, 217 Gaza, 135, 154, 184, 220, 221, 227, 231, 361, 362 Geneva Convention, The, 355 George V., H.M. King, 74, 343, 344 German Detachments, 308, 310, 317, 319, 320, 326, 331, 361 Ghazala (camel), 188, 192, 202, 2 1 1 , 294 Ghazale (place), 316 Goslett, Captain R., 284 Grey, Sir Edward, 24 Gurkhas, 303, 312 Guweira (place), 165, 177, 181, 1879, 194, 197. 253, 254, 296, 302 Haifa (town), 7, 313 Hama (town), 159, 190 Hamoudi (headman), 21-3 Hamra (place), 90 Handley-Page (aeroplane), 313-14, 344 Harb, The (tribe), 73, 75-7, 94, 97, 99, 107-110 Hardinge, H.M.S., 1 1 2 - 1 1 7 Hardy, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas, 370, 372 Harith (clan), 77, 99, 198

397

Hassan Shah, Jemadar, 223, 238 Hauran, The (district), 191, 203, 221, 247, 308, 312, 314, 317 Hedley, Colonel, 63 Herbert, Aubrey, Colonel, 69 Hermon, Mount, 239 Hesa (place), 280, 302 Hoffmann, Herr, 20 Hogarth, Dr. D. G., 7, 1 1 , 14, 16, 25, 63, 71, 271 Homs (town), 190 Hornby, Captain, 129, 140-42, 277, 280, 302, 304 Howeimil (Sheikh), 206, 2 1 1 , 212 Howeitat (tribe), see also 'Abu Tayi' and ' J a z V 1 2 1 , 135, 191, 269, 297, 317 Huber (traveller), 75 Hussein (Sherif), 49, 54-64, 72-4, 90, 105, 156, 188, 300-02, 327, 340-401 Ibn Saud, Emir of Nejd, 55, 122, 144, 256, 349. 35i Indians, Barrow's, 321, 322, 326 Irak, see Mesopotamia Ismailia (place), 70, 184 J a a f a r , Pasha, 1 2 1 , 187, 193, 258, 273, 275> 284, 300, 304 J a f f a (port), 251, 378 Jane, Mr. Cecil, 5 Janissaries, The, 65 James, St., 235 Jauf (place), 147, 351 Jazi (clan), 164, 249 Jebel Rudhwa (mountain), 90 Jefer (place), 164, 170-02, 226, 250, 259, 291, 294, 296, 387-8 Jemal, Pasha, 57-60, 132, 223, 248, 327 Jerablus (place), 16 Jericho, 253, 270, 272, 281, 302 Jerusalem, 190, 251, 279, 306, 335, 354 Jiddah, 61, 70, 72-4, 82, 91, 102, 107, 187, 224, 281, 352 Jordan, The, 260, 305 Joyce, Colonel, 91, 251, 283, 284, 30009, 3'5> 39i

39«

INDEX

Jubeina (tribe), 87, 90, 95, 96, 1 0 2 8, n o , i i 2 , 1 1 5 , 118, 127 Junor, Lieut., 306, 307, 3 1 1 , 312 Jurf (place), 258, 285, 386, 387 K a a b a , The, 61 Kadesh Barnea, 26 Kemal, Pasha, 295 Kennington, Eric, 267, 358 Kerak (place), 253, 260, 264-5, 2 7°> 284-5 Kethera (place), 209 Khartoum, 91 Kirkbride, Lieut., 336-37 Kissir or Kissela (place), 291, 298, 386-87 K i s w e (place), 326 Kitchener, Earl, 23, 26, 63, 67 Kuneitra (place), 312 Kut, 57, 67-70 Kuweit, 44 Lawrence, M r . (father), 2, 6 Lawrence, Mrs. (mother), 2, 6, 228, 288 Lebanon, 17, 159, 337, 343 Lenin, N., 36 'Lewis,' Sergeant, 196-216 Lloyd George, Right Hon. D., 341, 342» 347 Lloyd, Lord, 71, 226, 227, 263 Lucian, 13 M a a n (place), 26, 119, 122, 124, 1 3 1 , 148, 165, 170, 172, 173, 175, 178, 187, 188, 194, 197, 216, 219, 253, 254, 268, 272-6, 278, 281, 299, 302, 352, 391 Mahmas (camel-boy), 266 Malory, Sir Thomas, 133, 254 Marshall, Major, 389 Masturah (place), 76 Maulud, Pasha, 83, 96, 109, 1 1 2 , 1 1 4 , 138, 219, 268, 273, 275 Maxwell, General, 64 McMahon, Sir A . H. (High Commissioner of Egypt), 62, 69, 156, 157» 341

Mecca, 45-64, 7 2 - 1 1 2 , 126, 187, 188, 256, 281, 300, 301, 340, 346 Medina, 23, 46-65, 72-5, 84, 124-9, 136-7, 187, 218, 254, 256, 257, 258. 278, 281, 305 Mesopotamia, 44, 46, 53, 66-9, 340-2, Appendix B Mezerib (place), 306-08, 310, 317, 321, 322 Minifer (place), 166, 168, 242, 364, 368 Moahib (tribe), 1 2 1 Mohammed (peasant), 146 Mohammed el Dheilan (Sheikh), 138, 149, 1 6 1 - 3 , 176. 187, 188, 226, 277. 303, 327 Mohammed Said (Algerian), 229, 327, 329

Moor, A , 125 Morris, W., 133, 384 Motalga (clan), 164, 259-63 Mozart, 384 Mudowwara (place), 195, 199, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 214, 226, 253, 254, 273, 276, 278, 281, 291, 296, 386-93 Nablus (place), 305, 313 Nakhl Mubarak (place), 96, 106 Napoleon, 35 Nasir (Sherif), 1 1 5 , 136-57, 159184, 186-8, 222, 258, 259, 280, 293, 309, 310, 316, 317, 321-330, 364 Nazareth, 305, 308 Nebk (place), 154, 156, 160, 1 6 1 , 170 Nefudh (district), 144 Nejd (province), 122, 349 Nesib (the Syrian), 136-56, 165, 315 Newcombe, Colonel, 25, 1 1 5 , 120, 129, 140-42, 165 New Zealanders, 312, 314 Niebuhr (traveller), 22 Nisib (place), 310, 312 Nuri Said (Arab regular officer), 258, 259, 276, 305, 306, 308, 310, 315, 316, 318, 321, 329-31, 334 Nuri (the Emir of the Ruwalla), 122,

INDEX 1 4 7 - 5 8 , 165, 170, 294-7, 303,

313-

( t r i b e ) , 68, 122, 153, 159, 3 i 7 , 320, 3 2 3 , 326. See also N u r i , E m i r

Ruwalla 305,

' 7 . 324. 327. 329-31

399 313.

Oxford, 2—ii, 30, 34, 63, 92, 114, 138, 2 7 7 , 290, 345, 350

Oxford Book of English Verse, O x f o r d Street, London, 253 Owen, W i l f r e d , 366

134

P a l g r a v e , W i l l i a m Gifford, 25 P a l m e r , Pte., 371, 372 Peace Conference, T h e , 340-44, 347, 354 Peake, Captain, 389 P e t r a ( p l a c e ) , 26 Petrie, Sir Flinders, 11 Pichon, M., 343 Pisani, Capitaine, 214, 215, 217, 303, 305, 308, 310, 3 1 5 , 318

Poole, R . L., 5, 9 Proverbs, Book o f , 359 P u g h , Sergeant, 374 Quarter-Master Rabegh

General, 279

( p o r t ) , 61, 73"92, 98, 105,

106, 107, 108, 129, 191, 364

Rahail (of the b o d y g u a r d ) , 246, 249, 250, 2 5 1 , 296

Rasim

Bey

(Gunner

officer), 103,

109, 1 3 7 , 1 3 8 , 263, 302

R a y a k ( p l a c e ) , 160 R e a d , M r . H e r b e r t , 193 R e a d i n g , 356 Remthe ( p l a c e ) , 241, 321 Revolt in the Desert, 128, 358, 359, 360, 362, 364

Rheims, 30 Richards, M r . V. W . , 4, 286 Riddell, Lord, 343 Rolls, Pte., 304 Ross, M a j o r , 129 Royal A i r Force (Lawrence's service i n ) , 14, 254 Chapters 2 and 31 Royal T a n k Corps (Lawrence's service i n ) , 14, 2 5 4 R u m m ( p l a c e ) , 198, 200, 201, 214, 2 2 5 , 2 5 1 , 2 9 1 , 292, 294, 388, 390

Saladin, 343 Salem ( n e g r o ) , 206, 208, 212, 213 Salem ( S h e i k h ) , 217 Salmond, A i r - M a r s h a l Sir G., 36, 285

Salonica, 57 Samuel, Sir H., 131, 132 Sassoon, Siegfried, 366 Scott-Higgins, C a p t a i n , 389 Semites, T h e , 44 Semna ( h i l l ) , 276 Senussi, T h e , 66, 121, 284 Serahin ( t r i b e ) , 223, 233-244 Seven Pillars of Wisdom, 23, 156,

160, 193,

332. 344» 356, 358, 359, 362, 364, 3 7 2

134, 357.

S h a a l a n ( t r i b e ) , 154 Shakir ( S h e r i f ) , 127 S h a m m a r ( t r i b e ) , 122, 141, 148, 297 S h a r r a f ( S h e r i f ) , 96, 137, 140, 142, 256

Shaw, G . B., 37 Shedia ( p l a c e ) , 225 Sheikh S a a d ( p l a c e ) , 315, 316, 317 Shelley, 29 S h e r a r a t ( t r i b e ) , 122, 169, 208, 228, 231

Shobek ( p l a c e ) , Shukri P a s h a , 326-31 Sinai, 25, 63, 76, 181, 279 Sirhan, 122, 147-52, 166, 170, 232 S l e a f o r d , 383 Smith's Crisps, 381 Smyrna, 23 Somali camels, 297 S t a m f o r d h a m , Lord, 344 Stirling, Colonel, 389 Stokes ( S e r g e a n t ) , 196-212 Storrs, Sir R., 71, 72 Sudan, 85, 91 Suez ( t o w n a n d c a n a l ) , 43, 47, 65, 66, 91, 1 1 9 , 186, 2 8 2

121,

S w i f t , J o n a t h a n , 3z

135,

182,

183,

INDEX

400 Sykes-Picot 342

Treaty,

108,

156,

295,

T a f a s (place), 247, 318, 320, 323, 361 Tafileh (group of villages), 258-65, 269, 271, 272, 291, 302, 303, 304, 336, 365, 366 T a i f (place), 72, 74, 79 T a l l a l (Sheikh), 221, 247-8, 308, 310, 313. 3 H . 316. 317. 318. 319 T a r a n t o (place), 352 Taurus Mountains, 7 Tebuk (place), 124 T e l l Arar (place), 304, 306 T e l l el Shehab (place), 233, 236-9, 309, 310, 356 Themed (place), 181, 284 Thomas, M r . Lowell, 1, 10, 49, 82, 159, 160, 283, 354 Thompson, M r . Campbell, 11, 22 T i g r i s ( r i v e r ) , 44, 66, 68 Tremadoc (place), 2 Trenchard, Sir Hugh, 346 Tripoli (port), 337 Trotsky, 36 T u r k i (boy), 231, 232, 245 Umtaiye (place), 303, 304, 310, 3 1 1 , 313 U r f a (place), 7 Uxbridge, 14, 368, 369 Vickery, M a j o r , 112, 114, 1 1 7 Victoria Cross, T h e , 251 Von Moltke, 126

W a d i Safra, 81 Wahabi, T h e (sect), 351, 352 Wahid (of Carchemish), 17, 18, 21 W a r Correspondents, 335 W e j h (port), 95, 106-25, 129, 130, 135. JS4> 158, 161, 177, 179. 182, 218, 223, 256, 337. Wemyss, Admiral Sir Rosslyn, 91, 184 Wilde, Jimmy, 63 Wilson, Colonel C. E., 107, 187 Wilson, Sir Henry, 346 Wilson, Woodrow, 341 Wodheiha (camel), 269-70 Wood, Captain, 224, 238, 240, 242 Woolley, M r . C. Leonard, 14, 16, 25, 26 World's End, The, 164 Yarmuk (river), 160, 222, 223, 226, 239, 251, 298, 306, 327 Yasin (patriot), 159 Yemen, 45, 46, 1 1 3 Yenbo (port), 62, 90, 94, 95, 98, 102-12, 114, 129, 182, 191, 254 Young, Major, 282, 284, 307, 308 Ypres, 365 Yusuf (Sheikh), 225 Zaal (Sheikh), 144, 161-173, 188, 199-213, 223, 226, 231, 280, 317, 328, 364 Zeid, Emir, 49, 61, 62, 75, 94, 97, 99, 102, 106, n o , 259-64, 267-72, 300°4, 312, 350 Zeki (the Syrian), 136-58 Zerakiye (place), 325 Ziza (place), 160